DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6m905qg61
title: Meta-analysis about the temperature influence on nitrogen excretion rates of freshwater fish

description: This dataset was used to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of
 temperature on the nitrogen excretion rates of freshwater fish. 
 Our results show that increases in temperature leads to increases in
 nitrogen excretion, however the magnitude of this effect presents high
 variablility, possibly due to methodological differences between studies.
 We found that the range of temperature tested significantly influenced how
 excretion was affected by temperature increase, with fish that were
 exposed to the highest temperature differences presenting the highest
 excretion rates. Also, the fish feeding status (starved or fed) influenced
 the effect of temperature increase, with starved fish showing higher
 excretion rates than fish that were fed before the experiment.
description: We conducted a search at the online database ASFA (Aquatic
 Science and Fisheries Abstracts), Web of Science and Scopus, with the
 keywords: (warming OR temperature) AND fish* AND freshwater AND (excretion
 OR excretion rate*), filtering the results for the English language and
 for Scholarly Journals. We selected the articles using
 the following criteria: 1) the study had to be experimental, 2) it had to
 study at least one species of freshwater fish and 3) it had to measure
 nitrogen and/or phosphorus excretion under different
 temperatures. We reached a total of 27 publications,
 but because of 1) missing information on the type of error used (standard
 error or standard deviation), 2) two publications were about the same
 experiment, so we included only one of them, and 3) one study did not
 present a means comparison, a total of 24 publications were included in
 the meta-analysis.
description: # Meta-analysis about the temperature influence on nitrogen excretion
 rates of freshwater fish
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.6m905qg61](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.6m905qg61) This dataset was used to conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of temperature on the nitrogen excretion rates of freshwater fish. ## Description of the data ### MA_dataset.xlsx This file is divided in two sheets. The first is titled "Search" and the second is titled "Dataset". The "`Search`" sheet contains all scientific papers that appeared in our search. * Each paper received an identification number under the column "Study ID". * The columns "Author", "Year", "Journal" and "Title" informs the respective authors, year of publication, journal where it was published and the title of the paper. * The column "Source" informs the type of publication and the column "Fits search criteria" informs if this reference fitted our search criteria. The column "Database" informs the database in which the study appeared. The "`Dataset`" sheet contains the information that was extracted from each paper included in the meta-analysis. * The columns "Study ID", "Author" and "Year" inform the study identification number, its author's and year of publication. The column "Species" indicate the scientific name of the studied species of fish. * The column "Source of data in the paper" informs where the information was extracted from each study (a table or figure, abbreviated as Fig, followed by its respective number). The column "Effect size" informs the type of effect size being extracted in the study, which is "Mean comparison". * The columns "Control temperature" and "Treatment temperature" informs the temperatures used in the experiment in Celsius degrees. The lowest temperature used in the experiment was considered as the "Control temperature" and the highest as the "Treatment temperature". * The columns "Control mean excretion", "Control error" and "N control" indicates the mean nitrogen excretion rates for the fish under the Control temperature, its respective error measure (as standard deviation) and sample size (which is the number of individuals tested). The same is informed for the fish under the Treatement temperature under the columns "Treatment mean excretion", "Treatment error" and "N treatment". * The column "Error type" informs that the measure of error used is Standard Deviation, abbreviated as SD. * The column "Excreted element" informs how nitrogen was measured: NH3 means ammonia, NH4 means ammonium, TN (NH4 + NH3) means Total Nitrogen (ammonium + ammonia), and ureaN means urea. * The column "Excretion rate unit" indicates the unit used for the excretion rates of nitrogen, which is as umol of nitrogen per gram of fish per hour (umol/g/h). * The column "Feeding status" informs if the fish used in the experiment was starved of fed before excretion measurements. * The column "Starvation period (days)" informs for how many days the fish were starved before the nitrogen excretion measurements. * The column "Acclimation period (days)" indicates for how many days the fish stayed under the experimental temperatures before the nitrogen excretion measurements. * The column "Weight (g)" details the fish wet weight in grams. * The column "Delta temperature" represents the difference between the Treatment and Control temperatures. The column "Climate" indicates the species climate occurrence. * The column "OBS" is for relevant information regarding the study. ### dataset.csv This file was used to conduct the meta-analysis in R software. The file is semicolon-delimited with a comma decimal. * The columns "Author" and "Year" informs the respective authors and year of publication of the studies. "Study ID" informs the identification number of the study, and "Case ID" informs the identification number for each case-study within each study. * The columns "sp"  and "order" informs the species name and taxonomic order of the fish, respectively. The species names were abreviated and mean, in this order: "cyp" for *Cyprinus carpio,* "dor" for *Dorosoma cepedianum*, "sin" for *Siniperca chuatsi*, "cte" for *Ctenopharyngodon idellus*, "ore" for *Oreochromis nilotica*, "sal" for *Salmo salar*, "lep" for *Lepomis macrochirus*, "sal" for *Salvelinus alpinus*, "abr" for *Abramis brama L.*, "cha" for *Channa punctatus*, "sti" for *Stizostedion vitreum*, "til" for *Tilapia mossambica*, "pho" for *Phoxinus phoxinus*, "onc" for *Oncorhynchus mykiss*, "bid" for *Bidyanus bidyanus*, "eso" for *Esox lucius L.*, "pal" for *Palmetto bass*, "umb" for *Umbra limi*, "gam" for *Gambusia affinis*, "dan" for *Danio rerio*, "car" for *Carassius auratus*, "san" for *Sander lucioperca*, "c.cognatus" for *Cottus cognatus*, "lep" for *Leptobarbus hoevenii*, and "ore" for *Oreochromis alcalicus grahami.* * The column "starved" informs whether the fish was starved before excretion trials, with "yes" for those who were starved and no for those who were not. * The column "Acclimatization.time" informs the period of time (days) in which the fish was acclimated to the new temperature, with "n/a" meaning "not applicable" for studies conducted in the field or studies that did not employ any acclimatization period to the new temperature, and "not informed" for studies that did not inform the acclimatization period. * The column "weight" informs the fishes weight in grams.  * The column "Source" informs where the information was extracted from each study (a table or figure, abreviated as Fig, followed by its respective number). * The columns "temp_control" and "treat_temp" inform the temperature in the control and in the experimental treatment both in degrees Celsius, respectively. * The column "temp_diff" refers to the delta temperature, which is the difference between the treatment and control temperatures, in Celsius. "Ne" is the sample size, "Me" is the mean excretion rate (µmol N/g/h), and "Se" is the standard deviation for the experimental treatment, and "Nc", "Mc", "Sc" is the same for the control treatment. * The column "starvation period" informs the period of starvation that the fish was subjected to in days. The column "climate" informs the fish's climatic region. ### script_LO.R This file is the R software script used for conducting the statistical analysis of the manuscript.