cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129845.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Marked Reduction of the Number and Individual Volume of Sebaceous Glands in Psoriatic Lesions

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by plaques with inflammation, infiltration, hyper-/parakeratosis and desquamation. Microscopic findings in previous studies have revealed some degree of atrophy of the sebaceous glands in patients with psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic alopecia. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study was to investigate possible changes of the sebaceous glands in patients with psoriatic plaques and especially psoriatic alopecia. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Histological and stereological analyses were performed in skin specimens from involved and healthy-looking skin of 14 patients with psoriasis. Stereology detects and quantifies 3-dimensional structures ex vivo. Furthermore, the differentiation process of sebocytes of another 14 psoriatic patients was examined by immunohistochemistry of involved and uninvolved skin specimens. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A significant reduction of the number of sebaceous glands as well as of the volume of individual sebaceous glands was assessed in the lesional compared to the nonlesional psoriatic skin. Moreover, it was likely that sebocytes in psoriatic lesions may not differentiate properly. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These findings indicate that the sebaceous gland may be a player and not an innocent bystander in the development of psoriatic lesions and especially of psoriatic alopecia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129851.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Long-Term Survival Following Traumatic Brain Injury: A Population-Based Parametric Survival Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Long-term mortality may be increased following traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, the degree to which survival could be reduced is unknown. We aimed at modelling life expectancy following post-acute TBI to provide predictions of longevity and quantify differences in survivorship with the general population. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A population-based retrospective cohort study using data from the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) was performed. A random sample of patients from Olmsted County, Minnesota with a confirmed TBI between 1987 and 2000 was identified and vital status determined in 2013. Parametric survival modelling was then used to develop a model to predict life expectancy following TBI conditional on age at injury. Survivorship following TBI was also compared with the general population and age- and gender-matched non-head injured REP controls. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Seven hundred and sixty nine patients were included in complete case analyses. The median follow-up time was 16.1 years (interquartile range 9.0-20.4) with 120 deaths occurring in the cohort during the study period. Survival after acute TBI was well represented by a Gompertz distribution. Victims of TBI surviving for at least 6 months post-injury demonstrated a much higher ongoing mortality rate compared to the US general population and non-TBI controls (hazard ratio 1.47, 95% CI 1.15-1.87). US general population cohort life table data was used to update the Gompertz model's shape and scale parameters to account for cohort effects and allow prediction of life expectancy in contemporary TBI. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Survivors of TBI have decreased life expectancy compared to the general population. This may be secondary to the head injury itself or result from patient characteristics associated with both the propensity for TBI and increased early mortality. Post-TBI life expectancy estimates may be useful to guide prognosis, in public health planning, for actuarial applications and in the extrapolation of outcomes for TBI economic models.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129836
title: Supplementary Material for: Lipid Transfer Protein Syndrome in a Non-Mediterranean Area

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Plant food allergies associated with lipid transfer protein (LTP) have been widely described in the Mediterranean Basin. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this work was to describe the clinical profile and pollen sensitization of plant food- allergic patients sensitized to LTP in a non-Mediterranean area. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients with clear IgE-mediated symptoms associated with plant foods and a positive skin prick test (SPT) to Pru p 3 were included in a prospective study in the north of Spain. Reported symptoms were analyzed together with a battery of food and pollen SPTs and specific IgE components by ISAC microarray. Cross-inhibition studies were performed by ImmunoCAP with plane tree, mugwort and rPru p 3. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the 72 patients included, the most frequent food allergy reported was to peaches (69%) followed by nuts (walnuts 55%, peanuts 54% and hazelnuts 43%). Most patients suffered from symptoms with multiple plant foods (a median of 6 foods per patient). Regarding the patients' pollen sensitization, 36% were sensitized to mugwort pollen (72% showing sIgE to Art v 3), 33% to grass pollen and 24% to plane tree pollen (94% with sIgE to Pla a 3). Inhibition studies showed that specific IgEs against mugwort and plane tree pollen are inhibited by Pru p 3 in a strong manner, whereas Pru p 3 was less inhibited by pollen extracts. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> LTP syndrome occurs in a non-Mediterranean area and is related to multiple sensitizations to foods and pollens such as plane tree and mugwort. In these pollen sensitizations, Pru p 3 seems to be the primary sensitizer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129839.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Pulmonary Disease Caused by Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria

description: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) include more than 160 ubiquitous, environmental, acid-fast-staining bacterial species, some of which may cause disease in humans. Chronic pulmonary infection is the most common clinical manifestation. Although patients suffering from chronic lung diseases are particularly susceptible to NTM pulmonary disease, many affected patients have no apparent risk factors. Host and pathogen factors leading to NTM pulmonary disease are not well understood and preventive therapies are lacking. NTM isolation and pulmonary disease are reported to rise in frequency in Europe as well as in other parts of the world. Differentiation between contamination, infection, and disease remains challenging. Treatment of NTM pulmonary disease is arduous, lengthy, and costly. Correlations between results of in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing and clinical treatment outcomes are only evident for the <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex, <i>M. kansasii</i>, and some rapidly growing mycobacteria. We describe the epidemiology of NTM pulmonary disease as well as emerging NTM pathogens and their geographical distribution in non-cystic fibrosis patients in Europe. We also review recent innovations for the diagnosis of NTM pulmonary disease, summarize treatment recommendations, and identify future research priorities to improve the management of patients affected by NTM pulmonary disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129827
title: Supplementary Material for: How Not to Be Misled by Disorders Mimicking Angioedema: A Review of Pseudoangioedema

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Angioedema is a vascular reaction involving the lower dermis, subcutis and/or submucosal tissue and causing a temporary localized swelling in any part of the body. For many health care professionals, the diagnosis presents an ongoing challenge; several disorders may manifest with subcutaneous or submucosal swelling and falsely be assumed to be angioedema. The clinicians at the emergency department and in the immunology/allergy clinics must be skilled at recognizing the features of angioedema and its differential diagnosis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The review is based on a literature search with specific indexing terms in PubMed, a review of bibliographies and the authors' clinical experience. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The most essential diseases that mimic angioedema, the so-called pseudoangioedemas, will each be discussed and illustrated by clinical photos, pointing out key features that help clarify the diagnoses and differentiate these from classic angioedema. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A variety of dermatologic conditions can cause swelling that resembles angioedema, some with a potentially fatal outcome if misdiagnosed. Knowledge of pseudoangioedema is fundamental in the emergency setting when handling patients with edema and should be kept in mind when assessing an atypical angioedema case.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129833
title: Supplementary Material for: Evolutionary Changes in Sensitivity to Hormonally Induced Gonadal Sex Reversal in a Frog Species

description: The Japanese frog <i>Glandirana rugosa</i> is unique in that it shows geographic variation in sex chromosome differentiation and heterogametic sex determination. To elucidate the cause of interpopulation differences in gonadal sex differentiation, we investigated hormonally induced sex reversal and the expression patterns of genes associated with sex determination during early tadpole development. We found that sex reversal was easily induced in XX females and XY males of 2 forms (West-Japan and East-Japan) of <i>G. rugosa</i> with the ancestral homomorphic sex chromosomes under male heterogametic sex determination. During sex reversal, expression of <i>CYP19</i> and/or <i>FOXL2</i> was dependent on the phenotypic sex of the gonad. In contrast, sex reversal was not induced in ZW females of a population with a heteromorphic ZW sex chromosome system or in XX females or XY males in a population with a heteromorphic XY sex chromosome system. The latter 2 populations are evolutionarily derived forms. These results indicate an evolutionary direction for the gonadal sex differentiation mechanism. The original system was highly sensitive to sex hormones and allowed almost complete sex reversal. From this ancestral form, a new system evolved that was resistant to hormones and showed a change in the heterogametic sex and the sex chromosome differentiation mechanism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129824
title: Supplementary Material for: Polarized Airway Epithelial Models for Immunological Co-Culture Studies

description: Epithelial cells line all cavities and surfaces throughout the body and play a substantial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Asthma and other atopic diseases are increasing worldwide and allergic disorders are hypothesized to be a consequence of a combination of dysregulation of the epithelial response towards environmental antigens and genetic susceptibility, resulting in inflammation and T cell-derived immune responses. In vivo animal models have long been used to study immune homeostasis of the airways but are limited by species restriction and lack of exposure to a natural environment of both potential allergens and microflora. Limitations of these models prompt a need to develop new human cell-based in vitro models. A variety of co-culture systems for modelling the respiratory epithelium exist and are available to the scientific community. The models have become increasingly sophisticated and specific care needs to be taken with regard to cell types, culture medium and culture models, depending on the aim of the study. Although great strides have been made, there is still a need for further optimization, and optimally also for standardization, in order for in vitro co-culture models to become powerful tools in the discovery of key molecules dictating immunity and/or tolerance, and for understanding the complex interplay that takes place between mucosa, airway epithelium and resident or infiltrating immune cells. This review focuses on current knowledge and the advantages and limitations of the different cell types and culture methods used in co-culture models of the human airways.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129830
title: Supplementary Material for: Reduced Mortality Associated with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis in the United States

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury (AKI-D) is a documented complication of hospitalization and procedures. Temporal incidence of AKI-D and related hospital mortality in the US population has not been recently characterized. We describe the epidemiology of AKI-D as well as associated in-hospital mortality in the US. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective cohort of a national discharge data (n = 86,949,550) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample, 2001-2011 of patients' hospitalization with AKI-D. Primary outcomes were AKI-D and in-hospital mortality. We determined the annual incidence rate of AKI-D in the US from 2001 to 2011. We estimated ORs for AKI-D and in-hospital mortality for each successive year compared to 2001 using multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for patient and hospital characteristics, and stratified the analyses by sex and age. We also calculated population-attributable risk of in-hospital mortality associated with AKI-D. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The adjusted odds of AKI-D increased by a factor of 1.03 (95% CI 1.02-1.04) each year. The number of AKI-D-related (19,886-34,195) in-hospital deaths increased almost 2-fold, although in-hospital mortality associated with AKI-D (28.0-19.7%) declined significantly from 2001 to 2011. Over the same period, the adjusted odds of mortality for AKI-D patients were 0.60 (95% CI 0.56-0.67). Population-attributable risk of mortality associated with AKI-D increased (2.1-4.2%) over the study period. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The incidence rate of AKI-D has increased considerably in the US since 2001. However, in-hospital mortality associated with AKI-D hospital admissions has decreased significantly.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129833.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Evolutionary Changes in Sensitivity to Hormonally Induced Gonadal Sex Reversal in a Frog Species

description: The Japanese frog <i>Glandirana rugosa</i> is unique in that it shows geographic variation in sex chromosome differentiation and heterogametic sex determination. To elucidate the cause of interpopulation differences in gonadal sex differentiation, we investigated hormonally induced sex reversal and the expression patterns of genes associated with sex determination during early tadpole development. We found that sex reversal was easily induced in XX females and XY males of 2 forms (West-Japan and East-Japan) of <i>G. rugosa</i> with the ancestral homomorphic sex chromosomes under male heterogametic sex determination. During sex reversal, expression of <i>CYP19</i> and/or <i>FOXL2</i> was dependent on the phenotypic sex of the gonad. In contrast, sex reversal was not induced in ZW females of a population with a heteromorphic ZW sex chromosome system or in XX females or XY males in a population with a heteromorphic XY sex chromosome system. The latter 2 populations are evolutionarily derived forms. These results indicate an evolutionary direction for the gonadal sex differentiation mechanism. The original system was highly sensitive to sex hormones and allowed almost complete sex reversal. From this ancestral form, a new system evolved that was resistant to hormones and showed a change in the heterogametic sex and the sex chromosome differentiation mechanism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129821
title: Supplementary Material for: Predictors of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Responses to Growth Hormone Replacement in Young Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Physiological growth hormone (GH) secretion and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels are greater in young compared to older adults. We evaluated IGF-I levels and predictors of IGF-I responses in young adults on GH replacement. <b><i>Design:</i></b> From the KIMS database, 310 young adults (age 15-26 years) with severe GH deficiency related to childhood-onset disease and commenced on ‘adult GH replacement' were identified. ‘IGF-I responses' were estimated from first-year increments in IGF-I standard deviation scores (SDS) and adjusted for GH dose. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance in 143 patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> IGF-I levels increased markedly from baseline to 1 year of replacement (-3.75 ± 1.94 vs. -1.36 ± 1.86 SDS, p &lt; 0.0001), but remained low compared to normative data despite dose titration. In multivariate models, IGF-I responses were positively associated with age [B (SE) SDS/(mg/m<sup>2</sup>); 0.52 (0.15), p = 0.0007] and BMI SDS [1.06 (0.25), p &lt; 0.0001] and inversely associated with female gender [-4.45 (0.79), p &lt; 0.0001] and baseline IGF-I SDS [-1.44 (0.20), p &lt; 0.0001]. IGF-I responses were positively associated with first-year increases in lean body mass (r = 0.19, p = 0.003) and haemoglobin A1c (r = 0.15, p = 0.031). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Low IGF-I levels in young adults on treatment may reflect suboptimal GH replacement. Identification of predictors for IGF-I responses could lead to a more appropriate replacement strategy. Association between IGF-I responses and lean body mass suggests that maintaining age-appropriate IGF-I levels is important during therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129830.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Reduced Mortality Associated with Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis in the United States

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury (AKI-D) is a documented complication of hospitalization and procedures. Temporal incidence of AKI-D and related hospital mortality in the US population has not been recently characterized. We describe the epidemiology of AKI-D as well as associated in-hospital mortality in the US. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Retrospective cohort of a national discharge data (n = 86,949,550) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample, 2001-2011 of patients' hospitalization with AKI-D. Primary outcomes were AKI-D and in-hospital mortality. We determined the annual incidence rate of AKI-D in the US from 2001 to 2011. We estimated ORs for AKI-D and in-hospital mortality for each successive year compared to 2001 using multiple logistic regression models, adjusted for patient and hospital characteristics, and stratified the analyses by sex and age. We also calculated population-attributable risk of in-hospital mortality associated with AKI-D. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The adjusted odds of AKI-D increased by a factor of 1.03 (95% CI 1.02-1.04) each year. The number of AKI-D-related (19,886-34,195) in-hospital deaths increased almost 2-fold, although in-hospital mortality associated with AKI-D (28.0-19.7%) declined significantly from 2001 to 2011. Over the same period, the adjusted odds of mortality for AKI-D patients were 0.60 (95% CI 0.56-0.67). Population-attributable risk of mortality associated with AKI-D increased (2.1-4.2%) over the study period. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The incidence rate of AKI-D has increased considerably in the US since 2001. However, in-hospital mortality associated with AKI-D hospital admissions has decreased significantly.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129812
title: Supplementary Material for: Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Head and Neck Cancer and Their Correlation to Tumor Site and Progression

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Nicotine contributes to tumorigenesis through stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Although many factors have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of head and neck cancer, the effect of nAChRs is still unclear. The study provides information on different subtypes in SCC and normal mucosa (NM) and their clinicopathological correlation to tumor progression. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> SCC (n = 34) of oropharynx, hypopharynx, larynx and corresponding NM (n = 38) were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry and correlated to tumor grading and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) stage. <b><i>Results:</i></b> nAChR subtypes α1, α3, α5 and α7 were found in NM and SCC of the upper aerodigestive tract with high rates of α1 and α5 in SCC. An overexpression of α1 was found in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal SCC, while α3 and α7 subunits were downregulated. The expression of α1 and α5 subunits increased with tumor progression. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The nAChR subunit pattern shows a difference between NM and SCC and changes in the process of tumor progression. Therefore, it is conceivable that it contributes to tumorigenesis. The findings provide a basis for further studies in prognostic assessment and identifying carcinogenic changes from NM to SCC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129815
title: Supplementary Material for: Normative Data for the Spanish Version of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) is a cognitive test that has been validated for the diagnosis of cognitive disorders. The aim of this study was to provide normative data for the ACE-III for age, education and gender. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Spanish version of the ACE-III was administered to a group of 273 healthy subjects in a multicenter study in Spain. Correlation and determination coefficients for age, education and gender were estimated. The overlapping interval strategy and linear regression analyses were used to provide adjusted norms for demographic factors and to explore the potential influence of these factors in the performance of the test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Age and education correlated significantly with the total score and with all the domains. Gender correlated only with the domains of attention and visuospatial skills. Norms for the total score and for cognitive domains (attention, memory, fluency, language, and visuospatial skills) are provided. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study confirms the influence of demographic factors (especially age and education) on the performance in the ACE-III and provides normative data for the Spanish version of the ACE-III.