DOI: 10.5061/dryad.95x69p8tz
title: Data from: Climate change and exotic pathogens shift carbon allocation in Mediterranean mixed forests

description: Forecasting the effects of global change drivers on ecosystems is one of
 the most pressing challenges for scientists worldwide. Particularly,
 climate change and exotic pathogens might have a large impact on plant
 community dynamics and ecosystem functioning through changes in carbon
 uptake and sinks. Nevertheless, we still have a poor understanding of the
 combined effects of these two drivers on plant communities. Here, we
 explored the impact of rainfall reduction and exotic pathogens on the
 carbon balance of Mediterranean tree species. For this, we performed a
 three-year field experiment taking advantage of rainfall exclusion
 infrastructures (30% exclusion) installed in the southernmost European oak
 forests invaded by the aggressive exotic pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi.
 We measured a set of 10 variables representative of tree carbon sources
 (photosynthetic rates) and sinks (primary production, reproduction,
 defence and reserves) in adult trees of three species in two forest types:
 closed forests of Quercus suber and Q. canariensis, and open woodlands of
 Q. suber and Olea europaea. We found a large variability in the
 sensitivity of the different carbon source and sinks to the effects of
 drought and pathogens, from variables highly sensitive to both factors
 (carbon fixation and reproduction, root chemistry) to variables only
 responsive to drought (litter production) or totally unresponsive (tree
 trunk, leaf chemistry). Although negative effects predominated, positive
 effects of rainfall exclusion were also detected in wet years, likely due
 to a reduction of pathogen abundance in a drier soil. Trade-offs between
 carbon sinks appeared in all tree species, but rainfall exclusion only
 modified trade-offs in Q. suber, the species most susceptible to P.
 cinnamomi. Synthesis: We provide evidence on the complexity of the
 combined effects of abiotic (drought) and biotic (pathogens) global change
 drivers on carbon source and sinks of adult trees, including both negative
 direct effects and positive indirect effects. Our results showed that
 these effects varied among co-existing species, particularly for carbon
 sinks directly related to tree demography (reproduction). Therefore,
 long-term changes in the structure of Mediterranean mixed forests might be
 expected towards the dominance of species highly resistant to both drought
 and pathogens.
description: # Data from: Climate change and exotic pathogens shift carbon allocation
 in Mediterranean mixed forests GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Author Information:
 Álvaro Gaytán, Luis Matías, Óscar Godoy, Ignacio M. Pérez-Ramos, Pablo
 Homet, Xoaquín Moreira and Lorena Gómez-Aparicio 2. Date of data
 collection: 2016-2018 3. Geographic location of data collection: PN Los
 Alcornocales, Cadiz (Spain) DATA & FILE OVERVIEW In the Data file, two
 datasets are available: One for the Closed forest and other for the Open
 woodand, which contain the same variables Variable List: * Block: Block of
 tres in the experiment containing a rainfall exclusion and a control plot
 * Treatment: Rainfall exclusion or Control * Tree: Individual tree numbers
 * Species: Tree species (Quercus suber, Quercus canariensis or Olea
 europea) * DBH: Trunk diameter at breast height (cm) * Sand: Percentage of
 sand in the soil (%) * Pci16: Levels of P. cinnamomi in 2016 (number of
 colonies) * Pci17: Levels of P. cinnamomi in 2017 (number of colonies) *
 Pci18: Levels of P. cinnamomi in 2018 (number of colonies) * Photo17:
 Photosynthesis in 2017 (umol CO2 m-2 s-1; only measured in a subset of the
 trees) * Photo18: Photosynthesis in 2018 (umol CO2 m-2 s-1; only measured
 in a subset of the trees) * Dendro16: Dentrometer measurement in 2016 (cm)
 * Dendro17: Dentrometer measurement in 2017 (cm) * Dendro18: Dentrometer
 measurement in 2018 (cm) * Litter16: Leaf litter in 2016 (g) * Litter17:
 Leaf litter in 2017 (g) * Litter18: Leaf litter in 2018 (g) * N.Total16:
 Number of acorns in 2016 * N.Total17: Number of acorns in 2017 (only in
 the closed forest. Missing data in the open woodland due to acorn storage
 problems) * N.Total18: Number of acorns in 2018 * N.Abort16: Number of
 aborted acorns in 2016 * N.Abort17: Number of aborted acorns in 2017 (only
 in the closed forest. Missing data in the open woodland due to acorn
 storage problems) * N.Abort18: Number of aborted acorns in 2018 *
 Olives16: Number of Olea fruits in 2016 (only in the open Woodland, there
 are not Olea trees in the open woodland) * Olives17: Number of Olea fruits
 in 2017 (only in the open Woodland, there are not Olea trees in the open
 woodland) * Olives18: Number of Olea fruits in 2018 (only in the open
 Woodland, there are not Olea trees in the open woodland) * LeafPh_16:
 Concentrations of leaf phenols in 2016 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where
 the quantification failed) * LeafPh_17: Concentrations of leaf phenols in
 2017 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where the quantification failed) *
 LeafPh_18: Concentrations of leaf phenols in 2018 (mg g-1, in few empty
 cells where the quantification failed) * RootPh_16: Concentrations of root
 phenols in 2016 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where the quantification
 failed) * RootPh_17: Concentrations of root phenols in 2017 (mg g-1, in
 few empty cells where the quantification failed) * RootPh_18:
 Concentrations of root phenols in 2018 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where
 the quantification failed) * LeafNSC_16: Concentrations of leaf
 non-structural carbohydrates in 2016 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where the
 quantification failed) * LeafNSC_17: Concentrations of leaf non-structural
 carbohydrates in 2017 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where the quantification
 failed) * LeafNSC_18: Concentrations of leaf non-structural carbohydrates
 in 2018 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where the quantification failed) *
 RootNSC_16: Concentrations of root non-structural carbohydrates in 2016
 (mg g-1, in few empty cells where the quantification failed) * RootNSC_17:
 Concentrations of root non-structural carbohydrates in 2017 (mg g-1, in
 few empty cells where the quantification failed) * RootNSC_18:
 Concentrations of root non-structural carbohydrates in 2018 (mg g-1, in
 few empty cells where the quantification failed)