DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s4933
title: Data from: Evaluating the reintroduction project of Przewalski’s horse in China using genetic and pedigree data

description: Przewalski's horse went extinct in the wild in the mid 1960’s.
 Starting in 1985, individuals were brought from western zoos to two
 centers in China and breeding programs were initiated. With the increasing
 size of captive populations, two reintroduction projects were launched in
 the northwestern China in 2001 and 2010. Knowledge on genetic diversity in
 China’s horse populations is limited, but would help improve the genetic
 management and assess the success of the reintroduction. Accordingly, one
 reintroduced and two captive populations were examined with 10
 microsatellite loci together with pedigree data. The results showed higher
 level of diversity within the captive populations than the reintroduced
 population, indicating some alleles may have been lost during
 reintroduction. Genetic differentiation was detected among populations
 (FST=0.09±0.05, RhoST=0.05±0.02) and Bayesian clustering supported the
 presence of three subpopulations. The highest genetic differentiation was
 observed between the captive and reintroduced populations, and inbreeding
 coefficients were generally higher in the reintroduced population.
 Temporal estimates of both pedigree and microsatellite data showed a high,
 but decreasing level inbreeding. Through simulations, we estimated that
 the reintroduced population needs more than 100 individuals to retain
 approximately 90% of its current, already depauperate, genetic diversity.
 We have provided recommendations for the management program concerning
 introgressed genes from domestic horse and the number and origin of
 individuals for future reintroductions.
description: Microsatellite
 genotyping data for three populations of Przewalski's
 horseGenotyping data of
 Przewalski’s horse for 10 microsatellite loci. WHBC is the Wild Horse
 Breeding Center, GESRC is the Gansu Endangered Species Research Center and
 KNR is Kalamaili Nature Reserve.Allele Retain Simulation
 for Przewalski's horseWe have tried these
 alternatives in the rare allele simualtion, including startN=20, 40;
 migrN=0, 2, 5, 10,17,20;Bottlesim results for
 Przewalski's horseWe used BottleSim to do
 forwards-in-time simulations (also known as individual-based simulations),
 and predict the genetic impact of population reductions. Through
 simulation, we could monitor changes in the genetic composition of a
 population analyzing samples at specific time intervals based on a
 starting population value.We have tried variable scenarios of population
 size(15,50,100,200)population size and
 pedigree inbreeding for WHBC and worldwide Przewalski's
 horseThe annual population
 growth and inbreeding coefficients calculated based on known pedigree data
 of Przewalski’s horse from WHBC and the worldwide population (WHBC refers
 to the population from Xinjiang Wild Horse Breeding
 Center)inbreeding between
 pedigree and microsatelliteRelationships between
 individual pedigree inbreeding coefficients (fp) and internal relatedness
 (IR) in Przewalski’s horse from Wild Horse Breeding Center (WHBC);
 Relationships between individual pedigree inbreeding coefficients (fp) and
 microsatellite derived inbreeding coefficients (fm). The fm was calculated
 using the software Coancestry (Wang 2011) based on TrioML
 model.