DOI: 10.5061/dryad.41ns1rnrr
title: Data from: Seasonal variations in planktonic food web structure affect stability by shifting the distribution of energy fluxes

description: Seasonality in temperate ecosystems shapes species phenology, influencing
 interactions and food web structure. Variations in species richness and
 biomass affect trophic interaction strength, a crucial factor for
 community stability, which can be assessed through energy fluxes—an
 essential indicator of ecosystem function. Yet, we still have limited
 understanding on how energy fluxes and food web structure vary overtime
 and how the seasonal dynamics influence stability. We examined how the
 structure, energy fluxes, and stability of a highly resolved multitrophic
 lake food web change across seasons over three successive
 years. Two estimates representing different facets of stability
 were considered: resilience and reactivity. We found a strong seasonal
 pattern in food web structure, with higher complexity observed in summer
 and autumn. In addition, we found that more complex food webs are more
 reactive to perturbations, and consequently, less stable than simpler ones
 over short time-scale. This was influenced by a lower proportion of strong
 energy fluxes. Resilience was unaffected by seasonality, food web
 structure and energy fluxes, highlighting the need to account for
 multifaceted nature of stability. The seasonal variability of stability
 suggests that food webs may vary temporally in their vulnerability to
 environmental perturbations, which has important implications for
 ecosystem management.
description: # Data from: Seasonal variations in planktonic food web structure affect
 stability by shifting the distribution of energy fluxes Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.41ns1rnrr](10.5061/dryad.41ns1rnrr) ## Description of the
 data and file structure We have submitted the raw data (data.zip) used to
 construct and analyze the Lake Geneva food web (**dta.csv**), the
 temperature dataset (**temperature.csv**), the R scripts
 (**01_Lake_Geneva_Metaweb.R**,**02_Timepoints_Food_Webs.R**,**03_Energy_Fluxes.R**,**04_Statistical_Analyses.R**,**05_Plot_Results.R**,**create.jacob.R**,**get_niche_attributes_modified.R**), as well as the food web data generated from the statistical analyses (**metaweb.RData**, **snap_fw.RData**). ### **dta.csv**_Data * *date*: Sampling date * *Group*: Taxonomic level * *Family*: Taxonomic level Family * *Genus*: Taxonomic level Genus * *Tmin*: Minimum body size (µm) * *Tm*: Mean body size (µm) * *Tmax*: Maximum body size (µm) * *Compartment*: Pelagic, benthic or both * *Feeding_type*: Feeding mode * *Bodymass*: Mean individual body mass (g) * *Biomass*: Population biomass (g) * *Season*: Season (Winter, Spring, Summer, Autumn) ### **temperature.csv**_Data * *date*: Sampling date * *min_depth_m*: Minimum depth of water sampling (meters) * *max_depth_m*: Maximum depth of water sampling (meters) * *Temperature*: Water temperature (°C) ### **ciliates_traits.csv**_Data Functional traits of ciliates taxa. * *Kingdom*: Taxonomic level Kingdom * *Clade*: Taxonomic level Clade * *Superphylum*: Taxonomic level Superphylum * *Phylum*: Taxonomic level Phylum * *Subclass*: Taxonomic level Subclass * *Order*: Taxonomic level Order * *Family*: Taxonomic level Family * *Genus*: Taxonomic level Genus * *Species*: Taxonomic level Species * *mode*: heterotroph or NA * *Feeding_type*: Feeding mode * *Food*: Food product * *Tmin*: Minimum of individual body size (µm) * *Tm*: Mean individual body size (µm) * *Tmax*: Maximum of individual body size (µm) * *Ref*: Reference * *Comment*: Note "NA" values mean not available. ### **metaweb.RData**_Data A list describing the Lake Geneva metaweb generated by the "01.Lake_Geneva_Metaweb.R" script, including species metrics, trophic links, the interaction matrix, and color mappings. ### **snap_fw.RData**_Data A list generated by the "02.Timepoints_Food_Webs.R" script, containing a food web for each sampling date. Each list element provides detailed information on the corresponding timepoint-specific food web. ### **Param_reginvert.RData**_Data Data from Vagnon et al. (2021) used to fit the Allometric Niche model. ## Code/software **get_niche_attributes_modified.R** is a modified function from Vagnon et al. (2021), which uses the Param_reginvert file. **create.jacob.R** is a modified function from Gauzens et al. (2019). The R scripts used to perform statistical analyses of raw data must be executed in numerical order (**01_Lake_Geneva_Metaweb.R**,**02_Timepoints_Food_Webs.R**,**03_Energy_Fluxes.R**,**04_Statistical_Analyses.R**,**05_Plot_Results.R**) R is required to run the scripts, which were created using version 4.2.2. \ Annotations are provided throughout the scripts.