DOI: 10.5061/dryad.34rs7
title: Data from: Ant and mite diversity drives toxin variation in the Little Devil poison frog

description: Poison frogs sequester chemical defenses from arthropod prey, although the
 details of how arthropod diversity contributes to variation in poison frog
 toxins remains unclear. We characterized skin alkaloid profiles in the
 Little Devil poison frog, Oophaga sylvatica (Dendrobatidae), across three
 populations in northwestern Ecuador. Using gas chromatography/mass
 spectrometry, we identified histrionicotoxins, 3,5- and 5,8-disubstituted
 indolizidines, decahydroquinolines, and lehmizidines as the primary
 alkaloid toxins in these O. sylvatica populations. Frog skin alkaloid
 composition varied along a geographical gradient following population
 distribution in a principal component analysis. We also characterized
 diversity in arthropods isolated from frog stomach contents and confirmed
 that O. sylvatica specialize on ants and mites. To test the hypothesis
 that poison frog toxin variability reflects species and chemical diversity
 in arthropod prey, we (1) used sequencing of cytochrome oxidase 1 to
 identify individual prey specimens, and (2) used liquid
 chromatography/mass spectrometry to chemically profile consumed ants and
 mites. We identified 45 ants and 9 mites in frog stomachs, including
 several undescribed species. We also showed that chemical profiles of
 consumed ants and mites cluster by frog population, suggesting different
 frog populations have access to chemically distinct prey. Finally, by
 comparing chemical profiles of frog skin and isolated prey items, we
 traced the arthropod source of four poison frog alkaloids, including 3,5-
 and 5,8-disubstituted indolizidines and a lehmizidine alkaloid. Together,
 the data show that toxin variability in O. sylvatica reflects chemical
 diversity in arthropod prey.
description: frog skin GCMS
 dataGas chromatography/mass
 spectrometry data from the skin of the Little Devil frog, Oophaga
 sylvatica. Frogs were collected from three populations in northwest
 Ecuador. Dorsal skin was isolated and alkaloids were extracted with
 methanol.mcguganetal_gcms_frogskin.tar.gzAnt LCMS dataLiquid chromatography/mass spectrometry data from ants collected in the stomachs of Little Devil frogs in three separate populations in northwest Ecuador.mcguganetal_lcms_ants.tar.gzMite LCMS dataLiquid chromatography/mass spectrometry data from mites isolated from the stomachs of Little Devil poison frogs (Oophaga sylvatica) collected from three populations in northwestern Ecuadormcguganetal_lcms_mites.tar.gzFrog Skin LCMSLittle Devil poison frog (Oophaga sylvatica) skin alkaloids were analyzed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Ants and mites collected from the stomachs of these same frogs were also analyzed (see other data files).mcguganetal_lcms_frogskin.tar.gzMcGuganetal2016_XCMSoutputMass Spectrometry data was analyzed using XCMS. The output from this XCMS analysis is in "McGuganetal_2016_XCMSoutput.xlsx" and contains information on feature mass to charge ratio (m/z), retention times, statistical comparisons between frog populations using an ANOVA, and relative abundance measurements for each feature in each sample.