cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/nybr-ft13
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Perkins - QUMA - ITRDB WI045

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/n9vd-ff63
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lake Elsinore, California Holocene Stable Isotope and Physical Properties Data

description: Records of past climate can inform us on the natural range and mechanisms of climate change. In the arid Pacific southwestern United States (PSW), which includes southern California, there exist a variety of Holocene records that can be used to infer past winter conditions (moisture and/or temperature). Holocene records of summer climate, however, are rare from the PSW. In the future, climate changes due to anthropogenic forcing are expected to increase the severity of drought in the already water stressed PSW. Hot droughts are of considerable concern as summer temperatures rise. As a result, understanding how summer conditions changed in the past is critical to understanding future predictions under varied climate forcings. Here, we present a c. 10.9 kcal BP d18O(calcite) record from Lake Elsinore, California, interpreted to reflect d18O(lake water) values as controlled by over-water evaporation from summer-to-early fall. Our results reveal three millennial scale intervals: (1) the highly evaporative Early Holocene (10.55-6.65 kcal BP), (2) the less evaporative Mid-Holocene (6.65-2.65 kcal BP); and (3) the evaporative Late Holocene (2.65-0.55 kcal BP). These results are coupled with an inferred winter precipitation runoff (sand content) record from Kirby et al. (2010). Using these data together, we estimate the duration and severity of centennial-scale Holocene droughts and pluvials (e.g., high d18O(calcite) values plus low sand content = drought and vice versa). Furthermore, the coupled d18O(calcite) and sand data provide a generalized Holocene lake level history. The most severe, long-lasting droughts (i.e., maximum summer-to-early fall evaporation and minimum winter precipitation runoff) occur in the Early Holocene. Fewer, less severe, and shorter duration droughts occurred during the Mid-Holocene as pluvials became more common. Droughts return with less severity and duration in the Late Holocene. Notably, the Little Ice Age is characterized as the wettest period during the Late Holocene.
description: Stable isotope (d13C, d18O) and physcial properties (sand percent, magnetic susceptibility) data from sediments collected in Lake Elsinore, California, for the past 11,000 years
DOI: 10.25921/nyza-t928
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lac du Sommet, Quebec Air Temperature Reconstructions for the Past 9500 Years

description: Paleo surface wind for southern Quebec was inferred quantitatively for the past 9500 years from diatom assemblages archived in the sediment of the shallow mountain Lac du Sommet using biweekly sediment trap samples along an elevation gradient in the study area. The wind reconstruction was compared with diatom-inferred dissolved organic carbon concentration, chironomid-inferred mean August air temperature, pollen, grain size and loss-on-ignition. Increased lake circulation, interpreted as indicating stronger surface winds, was inferred from diatoms around 8700, 4500, 3000 to 2000 cal. yr BP and during the past 250 years. Increased lake stratification was diatom-inferred from 7500 to 5000 cal. yr BP and between 1500 and 500 cal. yr BP. Diatom-inferred paleowinds were congruent with the regional fire history. In general, diatom production was significantly correlated with diatom-inferred lake circulation. Diatom-inferred lake circulation and diatom production were not correlated with the pollen assemblage changes, diatom-inferred dissolved organic carbon and chironomid-inferred August air temperature, which were highly intercorrelated. After the disappearance of the meltwater in the St Lawrence River valley, the chironomids reflected a warming trend that lasted until about 5000 cal. yr BP, trees replaced shrubs and diatom-inferred dissolved organic carbon increased from 4 mg/l to 6 mg/l. Diatom-inferred lake circulation exhibited periodicities of 200 and 900 years, whereas chironomid-inferred August air temperatures indicated a distinct (significant) 200 year periodicity.
description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file.
DOI: 10.25921/nmse-3986
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Searles Valley, CA Plant Wax Carbon, Hydrogen Isotopes, GDGTs, and Pollen Data from the Latest Pleistocene and Modern Taxa

description: The climate of the southwestern North America has experienced profound changes between wet and dry phases over the past 200 kyr. To better constrain the timing, magnitude and paleoenvironmental impacts of these changes in hydroclimate, we conducted a multiproxy biomarker study from samples collected from a new 76 m sediment core (SLAPP-SRLS17) drilled in Searles Lake, California. Here, we use biomarkers and pollen to reconstruct vegetation, lake conditions and climate. We find that dD values of long chain n-alkanes are dominated by glacial to interglacial changes that match nearby Devils Hole calcite d18O variability, suggesting both archives predominantly reflect precipitation isotopes. However, precipitation isotopes do not simply covary with evidence for wet-dry changes in vegetation and lake conditions, indicating a partial disconnect between large scale atmospheric circulation tracked by precipitation isotopes and landscape moisture availability. Increased crenarchaeol production and decreased evidence for methane cycling reveal a 10 kyr interval of a fresh, productive and well-mixed lake during Termination II, corroborating evidence for a paleolake highstand from shorelines and spillover deposits in downstream Panamint Basin during the end of the penultimate (Tahoe) glacial (140–130 ka). At the same time brGDGTs yield the lowest temperature estimates (mean months above freezing = 9 ± 3°C) of the 200 kyr record. These limnological conditions are not replicated elsewhere in the 200 kyr record, suggesting that the Heinrich stadial 11 highstand was wetter than that during the last glacial maximum and Heinrich 1 (18–15 ka).
description: Provided Keywords: biomarker, plant wax, carbon isotopes, hydrogen isotopes, pollen, GDGT
DOI: 10.25921/n9kg-yw91
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Paleoceanography and biomarker data from the Antarctic Peninsula over the past 37-3 million years

description: Terrestrial climate records for Antarctica, beyond the age limit of ice cores, are restricted to the few unglaciated areas with exposed rock outcrops. Marine sediments on Antarctica's continental shelves contain records of past oceanic and terrestrial environments that can provide important insights into Antarctic climate evolution. The SHALDRIL II (Shallow Drilling on the Antarctic Continental Margin) expedition recovered sedimentary sequences from the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula of late Eocene, Oligocene, middle Miocene, and early Pliocene age that provides insights into Cenozoic Antarctic climate and ice sheet development. Here, we use biomarker data to assess atmospheric and oceanic temperatures and glacial reworking from the late Eocene to the early Pliocene. Analyses of hopanes and n-alkanes indicate increased erosion of mature (thermally altered) soil biomarker components reworked by glacial erosion. Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers from soil bacteria suggest similar air temperatures of 12°C ± 1°C (1σ, n = 46) for months above freezing for Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene timeslices but much colder (and likely shorter) periods of thaw during the Pliocene (5°C ± 1°C, n = 4) on the Antarctic Peninsula. TEX86-based (Tetraether index of 86 carbons) sea surface temperature estimates indicate ocean cooling from 7°C ± 3°C (n = 10) in the Miocene to 3°C ± 1°C (n = 3) in the Pliocene, consistent with deep ocean cooling. Resulting temperature records provide useful constraints for ice sheet and climate model simulations seeking to improve understanding of ice sheet response under a range of climate conditions.
description: NBP0602A Hole 3C, Southern Ocean, -63.8477S and -54.6535W, -340m elevation. NBP0602A Hole 12A, Southern Ocean, -63.2725S and -52.825W, -506m elevation. NBP0602A Hole 5D, Southern Ocean, -63.2518S and -52.3652W, -442m elevation. Provided Keywords: Antarctica, biomarkers, alkanes, hopanes, GDGTs, temperature
DOI: 10.25921/nx6x-3n21
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Solomina - Anzer - B36S - PISY - ITRDB RUS318

description: The data set presented represents 15 years of collection. It contains tree-ring width measurements from 64 sites of living trees and ten historical chronologies based on archaeological and construction wood up to year 572 CE, altogether 2909 tree-ring series and more than 450000 measured and cross-dated tree rings. It covers the vast territory of European Russia, including its forested northern and central parts, and the Northern Caucasus mountains. The potential use of these data include climatic reconstructions of regional and hemispheric scale, dendrochronological dating of historical and cultural wood, ecological and remote sensing studies.
description: Site information: Anzer island, mixed forest on the way to Troitskiy skit NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-05-31.
DOI: 10.25921/n22e-yj41
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Granato-Souza - Brusque - ALTR - ITRDB BRA005

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/n2dk-tw82
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Requena-Rojas - Matereni - CEOD - ITRDB PER002

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description:  Rings were dated according to the Southern Hemisphere convention of assigning the year based on when ring formation began (Schulman, 1956). NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/n0zf-tt95
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Chaparro - INPA Parket ltda. Concession - HAIM - ITRDB BOL020

description: A seasonal period of water deficit characterizes tropical dry forests (TDFs). There, sympatric tree species exhibit a diversity of growth rates, functional traits, and responses to drought, suggesting that each species may possess different strategies to grow under different conditions of water availability. The evaluation of the long-term growth responses to changes in the soil water balance should provide an understanding of how and when coexisting tree species respond to water deficit in TDFs. Furthermore, such differential growth responses may be linked to functional traits related to water storage and conductance. We used dendrochronology and climate data to retrospectively assess how the radial growth of seven coexisting deciduous tree species responded to the seasonal soil water balance in a Bolivian TDF. Linear mixed-effects models were used to quantify the relationships between basal area increment and seasonal water balance. We related these relationships with wood density and sapwood production to assess if they affect the growth responses to climate. The growth of all species responded positively to water balance during the wet season, but such responses differed among species as a function of their wood density. For instance, species with a strong growth response to water availability averaged a low wood density which may facilitate the storage of water in the stem. By contrast, species with very dense wood were those whose growth was less sensitive to water availability. Coexisting tree species thus show differential growth responses to changes in soil water balance during the wet season. Our findings also provide a link between wood density, a trait related to the ability of trees to store water in the stem, and wood formation in response to water availability.
description:  Rings were dated according to the Southern Hemisphere convention of assigning the year based on when ring formation began (Schulman, 1956). NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/nv2z-tf43
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pumijumnong - Nam Kong - TEGR - ITRDB THA017

description: Interannual variability in the global land carbon sink is strongly related to variations in tropical temperature and rainfall. This association suggests an important role for moisture-driven fluctuations in tropical vegetation productivity, but empirical evidence to quantify the responsible ecological processes is missing. Such evidence can be obtained from tree-ring data that quantify variability in a major vegetation productivity component: woody biomass growth. Here we compile a pantropical tree-ring network to show that annual woody biomass growth increases primarily with dry-season precipitation and decreases with dry-season maximum temperature. The strength of these dry-season climate responses varies among sites, as reflected in four robust and distinct climate response groups of tropical tree growth derived from clustering. Using cluster and regression analyses, we find that dry-season climate responses are amplified in regions that are drier, hotter and more climatically variable. These amplification patterns suggest that projected global warming will probably aggravate drought-induced declines in annual tropical vegetation productivity. Our study reveals a previously underappreciated role of dry-season climate variability in driving the dynamics of tropical vegetation productivity and consequently in influencing the land carbon sink.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/nzz6-c186
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stewart - Treasure Creek - PCMA - ITRDB AK188

description: Alaska's infrastructure corridors are some of the more remote in North America; providing access to critical resources from a regional (e.g., Trans-Alaska Pipeline System) to a local scale (e.g., remote Alaska Native communities). Many corridors were developed quickly and with limited planning and understanding of cold-regions engineering in geologically complex terrains with widespread permafrost. This results in unique climate-driven maintenance requirements with a projected need of an additional $6.1 billion for normal wear-and-tear costs until 2030 (Larsen et al., 2008). In collaboration with the Alaskan Department of Transportation and Public Facilities and the Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, we have leveraged reaction-wood analyses in black spruce (Picea mariana) to evaluate landscape stability along important infrastructure corridors in three sites across Alaska-Northway Junction, Tonsina Hill, and Treasure Creek. At each site, 60 samples from 30 visibly tilted trees were collected, digitized, and quality checked using COFECHA software with reaction-wood years recorded. At Northway Junction along the Alaska Highway in east-central Alaska, an area of discontinuous permafrost of low to moderate ice content, there was a site-wide, rapid onset of reaction wood in 1989. Widespread tilting of trees on a retrogressive mass movement, likely a response to thawing permafrost conditions, necessitated an expensive road realignment. At the Tonsina Hill site along the Richardson Highway south of Glennallen in an area of sporadic permafrost, rapid onset of reaction wood began in 1978 and is likely associated with permafrost degradation due to increased heavy-equipment traffic from emplacement of the Trans- Alaska Pipeline. At the Treasure Creek site near Fairbanks, remote-sensing image analysis and geophysical data indicate land instability in an area of permafrost degradation, but the reaction wood signal is weak and monotonous from 1950 to the present (mean of 7 percent of recorded growth); this likely represents characteristic tree instability above frozen ground of variable ice content. Because each site is situated atop permafrost, unstable ground is expected under certain conditions (e.g., riverbank retreat, human influence) exacerbating the relatively quiescent process of permafrost thaw. As Alaska continues to modernize in concert with record population growth (10- fold increase in the past 70 years), efforts to recognize, mitigate, and/or prevent permafrost-thaw- induced landscape changes have become a focus for infrastructure projects. Improved evaluation of infrastructure siting and smarter technologies could help minimize the effects of permafrost thaw on human concerns.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-05-31. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the USGS Elevation Point Query Service (epqs) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/n196-p130
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Schneider - Berlin Teufelssee dek03 - QUPE - ITRDB DEU304

description: Using dendroclimatological techniques this study investigates whether inner city tree-ring width (TRW) chronologies from eight tree species (ash, beech, fir, larch, lime, sessile and pedunculate oak, and pine) are suitable to examine the urban heat island of Berlin, Germany. Climate-growth relationships were analyzed for 18 sites along a gradient of increasing urbanization covering Berlin and surrounding rural areas. As a proxy for defining urban heat island intensities at each site, we applied urbanization parameters such as building fraction, impervious surfaces, and green areas. The response of TRW to monthly and seasonal air temperature, precipitation, aridity, and daily air-temperature ranges were used to identify climate-growth relationships. Trees from urban sites were found to be more sensitive to climate compared to trees in the surrounding hinterland. Ring width of the deciduous species, especially ash, beech, and oak, showed a high sensitivity to summer heat and drought at urban locations (summer signal), whereas conifer species were found suitable for the analysis of the urban heat island in late winter and early spring (winter signal). The summer and winter signals were strongest in tree-ring chronologies when the urban heat island intensities were based on an area of about 200 m to 3000 m centered over the tree locations, and thus reflect the urban climate at the scale of city quarters. For the summer signal, the sensitivity of deciduous tree species to climate increased with urbanity. These results indicate that urban trees can be used for climate response analyses and open new pathways to trace the evolution of urban climate change and more specifically the urban heat island, both in time and space.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-05-31. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.