DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0rxwdbrzn
title: Data from ongoing age 2 male maturation assessments of yearling Chinook and Sockeye salmon at hatchery facilities located in the interior Columbia basin

description: Pacific salmon have diverse life histories including phenotypic plasticity
 in the age at which males initiate maturation (range 1-6
 years).  Both genotype and rearing practices (feed type
 and rate, rearing temperatures) influence age of
 maturation.  We have been monitoring age 2 (minijack)
 precocious male maturation rates at various Columbia River basin hatchery
 facilities from 1997 to the present. Thus, it is a compilation of over two
 decades of monitoring minijack rates at hatcheries primarily focused on
 yearling reared spring, summer and fall-run Chinook salmon but also
 includes yearling Snake River Sockeye salmon as well. The dataset includes
 the size (both length and weight) of individual fish at the time of
 maturation assessment, just prior to hatchery release in the spring as
 yearling smolts. It was compiled from several studies that examine effects
 of feed treatments within a hatchery population (lipid content of feed and
 feed ration) and effects of rearing site (example: Hood River stock fish
 reared at three different hatcheries) on fish growth and maturation.
 Overall, we have found that the prevalence of minijack maturation is
 variable among hatchery populations (ranging from 0-72% of males) and is
 significantly influenced by species, stock, life-history type and hatchery
 rearing practices.
description: Maturation status of males was determined via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay  (ELISA) of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) levels in blood plasma. See related works for details. 
description: Please contact the authors for assistance in interpreting, using or republishing this data.  Minijack_Database-File with data on individual fish sampled as part of minijack assessments across multiple brood years and hatchery facilities. Release_Group_Description-File with background information for each release group contained in the Minijack_Database, including rearing and release locations and rearing treatments.  Hood_River_Rearing-File depicting the rearing of Hood River spring Chinook salmon across several hatchery facilities and acclimation sites for brood years 2008-2017.
description: # Data from ongoing age 2 male maturation assessments of yearling Chinook
 and Sockeye salmon at hatchery facilities located in the interior Columbia
 basin Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.0rxwdbrzn](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0rxwdbrzn) ##
 Description of the data and file structure We assessed age 2 male
 maturation of Pacific salmon (primarily Chinook) at several interior
 Columbia River hatcheries, starting in 1997. This data set contains size,
 gender, and maturation (age 2) status determined from plasma
 11-Ketotestosterone levels measured just prior to smolt release from
 hatcheries. ### Files and variables #### ### File: Hood_River_Rearing.pdf
 **Description:** This file graphically summarizes rearing locations of the
 Hood River stock fish at Round Butte, Parkdale, and Carson hatcheries, as
 well as subsequent acclimation at Blackberry, Moving Falls, and Pelton
 Ladder acclimation sites. See Release_Group_Description.csv for full back
 ground information. ### #### File: Minijack_Database.csv
 **Description:** Individual fish data from the minijack surveys of
 hatchery salmon prior to smolt release; brood years 1997-2017. #####
 Variables * BY: Brood year; yyyy * RY: Release year; yyyy * Release_Group:
 Factor variable; release group. Name of specific cohort of hatchery
 salmon. Generally defined here by major rearing facility or release site
 and brood year (yy). See Release_Group_Description.csv for full background
 information. * SpRRT: Species, run, rear-type. Species: Chinook = 1,
 Sockeye = 4. Run: Spring = 1, Summer = 2, Fall = 3. Rear-type: Hatchery =
 H. * Stock: Origin of broodstock used for release groups * Sample_Date:
 Date of sampling event; mm/dd/yyyy * Sample_Month: Month of sampling event
 * Sample_Site: Location of fish rearing at the time of sample * RCWY:
 Raceway, pond or other rearing vessel * Treat: Factor variable; Rearing
 treatment. See Release_Group_Description.csv for more background
 information. * Genetic_Cross: Broodstock cross * UGI: Factor variable;
 unique group identifier. Same as "Release_Group", but with the
 addition of specific rearing treatment within the release group * UFI:
 Unique fish identifier. UGI + individual fish number (and month in
 instances where population was previously sampled) * Fish_No: Individual
 fish number within each UGI * FL_mm: Continuous variable; individual fork
 length in millimeters * WT_g: Continuous variable; individual body weight
 in grams * K: Continuous variable; Fulton's condition factor *
 Gender: Factor variable; Gender. F = Female, M = immature male, MD =
 minijack (age 2 male maturation), MP = microjack (age 1 male maturation),
 U = unidentified gender, UM = unidentified male (no blood sample available
 for maturation designation). 11-Ketotestosterone blood plasma levels of
 the males were used to determine age 2 maturation status (see Related
 Works for methodology). Microjacks were determined by the presence of
 white/grey enlarged testes. * Disease: Binary variable; Yes (Y) or No (N)
 * Deformity: Binary variable; Yes (Y) or No (N) * Full_Stomach: Binary
 variable; Yes (Y) or No (N) * Fin_Erosion: Binary variable; Yes (Y) or No
 (N) Missing data code: Blank **File: Release_Group_Description.csv**
 **Description:** This file provides additional details about rearing and
 fish release for each "Release_Group" from the
 Minijack_Database.csv file. ##### Variables * Release_Group: Name of
 specific cohort of hatchery salmon. Generally defined here by major
 rearing facility or release site and brood year. * UGI (s): Same as
 "Release_Group", but with the addition of specific rearing
 treatment within the release group. * Stock: Origin of broodstock used for
 release groups * Species: This dataset includes Chinook and Sockeye Salmon
 * Run_Type: This dataset includes spring, summer and fall run types. *
 SpRRT: Species, run, rear-type. Species: Chinook = 1, Sockeye = 4. Run:
 Spring = 1 , Summer = 2 , Fall = 3. Rear-type: Hatchery = H.  * SubRegion:
 USGS hydrologic unit, subregion  * SubBasin: USGS hydrologic unit,
 subbasin  * PreSmolt_Rearing: Includes rearing site(s) after initial
 ponding of fry through either release or transport to an additional
 acclimation site. Abbreviations are consistent with site abbreviations in
 PTAGIS. * Acclimation_Site: Final rearing site used to acclimate fish
 prior to release. Abbreviations are consistent with site abbreviations in
 PTAGIS. * Release_Site: Release site for release group. Abbreviations are
 consistent with site abbreviations in PTAGIS. * Release_River: River where
 release group was released. * Release_RKM: River kilometer (rkm) of where
 release group was released. These are distances from the mouth of the
 Columbia River. * Treat_Comm: summary of rearing treatment. WW = wild by
 wild cross, HH = hatchery by hatchery cross. INT = integrated broodstock,
 SEG = segregated broodstock. * Rearing_Comm: Additional comments
 describing rearing locations and treatment descriptions. * Published:
 Status of publication of data. Y/N. * Citations: 1st author and date of
 data publication. See "Related Works" for full citations.
 Missing data code: BlankFile: Deschutes_Study_BroodYears_2016_2020.csv
 **Description:** This file provides individual fish data for seasonal
 size, energetics, smoltification and minijack data for a size study of
 Deschutes River Spring Chinook Salmon, brood years 2016-2020. This dataset
 overlaps with the Minijack_Databse.csv file. ##### Variables * BY: Brood
 year; yyyy * RY: Release year; yyyy * Release_Group: Name of specific
 cohort of hatchery salmon. Generally defined here by major rearing
 facility or release site and brood year. * SpRRT: Species, run, rear-type.
 Species: Chinook = 1. Run: Spring = 1. Rear-type: Hatchery = H.  * Stock:
 Origin of broodstock used for release groups * Sample_Date: Date of
 sampling event: mm/dd/yyyy * Sample_Month: Month of sampling event *
 Sample_Site: Location of fish rearing at the time of sample; ROBU = Round
 Butte Hatchery , PELTON = Pelton Ladder Acclimation Site * RCWY: Raceway,
 pond or other rearing vessel * Treat: Factor variable; rearing treatment.
 * UGI: Factor variable; unique group identifier. Same as
 "Release_Group", but with the addition of specific rearing
 treatment within the release group * UFI: Unique fish identifier. UGI +
 individual fish number (and month in instances where population was
 previously sampled) * Fish_No: Individual fish number within each UGI and
 Sample_Date * FL_mm: Continuous variable; individual fork length in
 millimeters * WT_g: Continuous variable; individual body weight in grams *
 K: Continuous variable; Fulton's condition factor * Disease: Binary
 variable; Yes (Y) or No (N) * Deformity: Binary variable; Yes (Y) or No
 (N) * Full_Stomach: Binary variable; Yes (Y) or No (N) * Fin_Erosion:
 Binary variable; Yes (Y) or No (N) * 11KT: Continuous variable;
 11-Ketotestosterone in ng/ML * SOLID_PROP: Continuous variable; proportion
 of solid composition of individual fish * ATPase: Continuous variable;
 Na-K ATPase activity level in gills in 𝜇mol PO~4~ mg protein^-1^ h^-1^ *
 Gender_Visual: Factor variable; Gender. F = Female, M = immature male, MD
 = minijack (age 2 male maturation), MP = microjack (age 1 male
 maturation), U = unidentified gender, UM = unidentified male (no blood
 sample available for maturation designation). * Gender_11KT: Factor
 variable; Gender. F = Female, M = immature male, MD = minijack (age 2 male
 maturation), MP = microjack (age 1 male maturation), U = unidentified
 gender, UM = unidentified male (no blood sample available for maturation
 designation). 11-Ketotestosterone blood plasma levels of the males were
 used to determine age 2 maturation status (see Related Works for
 methodology). Microjacks were determined by the presence of white/grey
 enlarged testes.  * Maturation_Treshold: 11KT value that was determined to
 be the level above which males were maturating as minjacks Missing data
 code: Blank