cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nc0f501
title: Data from: Host migration strategy is shaped by forms of parasite transmission and infection cost

description: 1. Most studies on the evolution of migration focus on food, mates and/or
 climate as factors influencing these movements, whereas negative species
 interactions such as predators, parasites and pathogens are often ignored.
 Although infection and its associated costs clearly have the potential to
 influence migration, thoroughly studying these interactions is challenging
 without a solid theoretical framework from which to develop testable
 predictions in natural systems. 2. Here, we aim to understand when
 parasites favour the evolution of migration. 3. We develop a general model
 which enables us to explore a broad range of biological conditions and to
 capture population and infection dynamics over both ecological and
 evolutionary time scales. 4. We show that when migration evolves depends
 on whether the costs of migration and infection are paid in reduced
 fecundity or survival. Also important are the parasite transmission mode
 and spatiotemporal dynamics of infection and recovery (if it occurs).
 Finally, we find that partial migration (where only a fraction of the
 population migrates) can evolve but only when parasite transmission is
 density-dependent. 5. Our results highlight the critical, if overlooked,
 role of parasites in shaping long-distance movement patterns, and suggest
 that infection should be considered alongside more traditional drivers of
 migration in both empirical and theoretical studies.
description: READMEContains readme and
 notes for all files.files_plotfiguresContains Matlab code (.m files) and data (.mat files) plotting the figures.files_runcodeContains Matlab code (.m files) for running model simulations.snapshots_0.5_0Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=0.5 and transmission type=0snapshots_rho=0.5_0.zipsnapshots_0.5_1Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=0.5 and transmission type=1snapshots_rho=0.5_1.zipsnapshots_0.5_2Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=0.5 and transmission type=2snapshots_rho=0.5_2.zipsnapshots_2_0Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=2 and transmission type=0snapshots_rho=2_0.zipsnapshots_2_1Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=2 and transmission type=1snapshots_rho=2_1.zipsnapshots_2_2Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=2 and transmission type=2snapshots_rho=2_2.zipsnapshots_10_0Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=10 and transmission type=0snapshots_rho=10_0.zipsnapshots_10_1Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=10 and transmission type=1snapshots_rho=10_1.zipsnapshots_10_2Contains the Matlab (.mat) file output for each simulation run for rho=10 and transmission type=2snapshots_rho=10_2.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v2v2827
title: Data from: Comparing diel activity patterns of wildlife across latitudes and seasons: time transformations using day length

description: (1) Camera trapping allows scientists to study activity patterns of
 animals under natural conditions. However, comparisons of activity
 patterns across seasons or latitudes can be biased, because activity is
 often attuned to sunrise and sunset, the timing of which varies with
 latitude and season. Existing transformation methods to solve this problem
 have limitations. (2) Here, we explore whether and how activity patterns
 can be transformed more accurately using two alternative ‘double
 anchoring’ transformations – equinoctial and average anchoring – that
 anchor activity time to two chosen anchor points during the study period.
 (3) Using simulated noisy datasets mimicking species with either
 crepuscular, diurnal or cathemeral activity patterns, we compared the
 ability of different transformation methods to extract the latent pattern
 and activity levels under different study conditions. We found that
 average anchoring best retrieved the original diel activity pattern and
 yielded accurate estimates of activity level. Two alternative
 transformation methods – single anchoring and equinoctial anchoring –
 performed less well. Bias in estimates from using untransformed clock
 times was most marked (up to 2.5-fold over-estimation) for longer studies
 covering 4-5 months either side of an equinox at high latitude, and
 focusing on crepuscular species. (4) We applied the average anchoring
 method to 9 months of data on Red deer (Cervus elaphus), Wild boar (Sus
 scrofa) and Mouflon (Ovis amon musimon) activity as captured by camera
 traps in National Park Hoge Veluwe, the Netherlands. Average anchoring
 revealed more pronounced peaks of activity after sunset than was apparent
 from untransformed data in red deer and wild boar, but not for mouflon, a
 cathemeral species. Similarly, activity level was lower when calculated
 using average-anchored time for red deer and wild boar, but no difference
 was observed for mouflon. (5) We conclude that transformation of time
 might not be necessary at latitudes below 20°, or in studies with a
 duration of less than a month (below 40° latitude). For longer study
 periods and/or higher latitudes, average-anchoring resolves the problem of
 variable day length. Code is provided. The transformation functions are
 incorporated in the R-package ‘activity’.
description: Camera trapping in the
 Hoge veluweAppendix E.
 Dataset.csvReal data example
 codeTime transformation
 simulations
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gv7qs12
title: Data from: Aversion to playing God predicts negative moral judgments of technology and science

description: This research provides, to our knowledge, the first systematic empirical
 investigation of people's aversion to playing God. Seven studies
 validate this construct and show its association with negative moral
 judgements of science and technology. Motivated by three nationally
 representative archival datasets that demonstrate this relationship,
 studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that people condemn scientific procedures they
 perceive to involve playing God. Studies 3–5 demonstrate that
 dispositional aversion to playing God corresponds to decreased willingness
 to fund the National Science Foundation and lower donations to
 organizations that support novel scientific procedures. Studies 6a and 6b
 demonstrate that people judge a novel (versus established) scientific
 practice to involve more playing God and to be more morally unacceptable.
 Finally, study 7 demonstrates that reminding people of an existing
 incident of playing God reduces concerns towards scientific practices.
 Together, these findings provide novel evidence for the impact of
 people's aversion to playing God on science and policy-related
 decision-making.
description: playing_god_all_data_final
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tn247th
title: Data from: Genetic ancestry and population differences in levels of inflammatory cytokines in women: role for evolutionary selection and environmental factors

description: Background: Selection pressure due to exposure to infectious pathogens
 endemic to Africa may explain distinct genetic variations in immune
 response genes. However, the impact of those genetic variations on human
 immunity remains understudied, especially within the context of modern
 lifestyles and living environments, which are drastically different from
 early humans in sub Saharan Africa. There are few data on population
 differences in constitutional immune environment, where genetic ancestry
 and environment are likely two primary sources of variation. Methods and
 Findings: In a study integrating genetic, molecular and epidemiological
 data, we examined population differences in plasma levels of 14 cytokines
 involved in innate and adaptive immunity, including those implicated in
 chronic inflammation, and possible contributing factors to such
 differences, in 914 AA and 855 EA women. We observed significant
 differences in 7 cytokines, including higher plasma levels of CCL2, CCL11,
 IL4 and IL10 in EAs and higher levels of IL1RA and IFNα2 in AAs. Analyses
 of a wide range of demographic and lifestyle factors showed significant
 impact, with age, education level, obesity, smoking, and alcohol intake,
 accounting for some, but not all, observed population differences for the
 cytokines examined. Levels of two pro-inflammatory chemokines, CCL2 and
 CCL11, were strongly associated with percent of African ancestry among
 AAs. The signal was pinpointed through admixture mapping to local ancestry
 at 1q23, with fine-mapping analysis refined to the Duffy-null allele of
 rs2814778. In AA women, this variant was a major determinant of systemic
 levels of CCL2 (p=1.1e-58) and CCL11 (p=2.2e-110), accounting for 19% and
 40% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. Conclusion: Our data reveal
 strong ancestral footprints in inflammatory chemokine regulation. The
 Duffy-null allele may indicate a loss of the buffering function for
 chemokine levels. The substantial immune differences by ancestry may have
 broad implications to health disparities between AA and EA populations.
description: cytokine.data.amber.05042018This dataset contains 14 cytokines measured using plasma samples from a total of 1,769 women enrolled as controls in the Women’s Circle of Health Study (WCHS) and the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS). This study is a part of the African American Breast Cancer Etiology and Risk (AMBER) consortium.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mk1vd47
title: Data from: Disentangling effects of air and soil temperature on C allocation in cold environments: a 14C pulse labelling study with two plant species

description: Carbon cycling responses of ecosystems to global warming will likely be
 stronger in cold ecosystems where many processes are temperature-limited.
 Predicting these effects is difficult because air and soil temperatures
 will not change in concert, and will affect above and belowground
 processes differently. We disentangled above and belowground temperature
 effects on plant C allocation and deposition of plant C in soils by
 independently manipulated air and soil temperatures in microcosms planted
 with either Leucanthemopsis alpina or Pinus mugo seedlings. Daily averages
 temperatures of 4 or 9 °C were applied to shoots and independently to
 roots, and plants pulse-labelled with 14CO2. We traced soil CO2 and 14CO2
 evolution for four days, after which microcosms were destructively
 harvested and 14C quantified in plant and soil fractions. In microcosms
 with L. alpina, net 14C uptake was higher at 9°C than at 4°C soil
 temperature, and this difference was independent of air temperature. In
 warmer soils, more C was allocated to roots at greater soil depth, with no
 effect of air temperature. In P. mugo microcosms, assimilate partitioning
 to roots increased with air temperature, but only when soils were at 9 °C.
 Higher soil temperatures also increased the mean soil depth at which 14C
 was allocated. Our findings highlight the dependence of C uptake, use, and
 partitioning on both air and soil temperature, with the latter being
 relatively more important. The strong temperature-sensitivity of C
 assimilate use in the roots and rhizosphere supports the hypothesis that
 cold limitation on C uptake is primarily mediated by reduced sink strength
 in the roots. We conclude that variations in soil rather than air
 temperature are going to drive plant responses to warming in cold
 environments, with potentially large changes in C cycling due to enhanced
 transfer of plant-derived C to soils.
description: data files in csv
 formatair and soil
 temperatures to which microcosms were exposed; plant shoot and root
 biomass and 14C labelling; soil (excl. root) 14C
 labellingFerrari_et_al_2018.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mq8rb80
title: Data from: Accelerating seed germination and seedling development of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) through hydro-priming

description: Mali is a Sahelian country in West Africa, characterized by a strong
 dependence on rain-fed agriculture and a low adaptive capacity, making it
 one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change worldwide. Moreover,
 most climate models used for the region recognize a growing uncertainty in
 the onset of the rainy season, which demands urgent adaptation measures.
 Early-season drought limits crops germination, and hence growth, and yield
 during rain-fed depending production as commonly experienced nowadays in
 Mali. Crops germination and establishment could be improved by using seed
 priming, a process through which dry seeds take up water to initiate the
 primary stages of germination. The effects of hydro-priming (distilled,
 tap, rain, river and well water) were evaluated for three priming
 durations (4, 8 and 12 hours) in 2014 and 2015. Seed germination and
 seedling development of nine sorghum genotypes were monitored. Compared to
 non-primed seed treatments, hydro-priming significantly improved final
 germination percentage, germination rate index, percentage of survival,
 total seedling length, root length, root vigor index, shoot length and
 seedling dry weight, Four out of the nine evaluated genotypes were
 attributed good seed quality and good response to hydro-priming. The
 priming with well and river water resulted in higher seed germination
 (85%) and seedling development, compared to the others sources of water.
 Seed germination rate, uniformity and speed were also enhanced by
 hydro-priming. It is argued that hydro-priming is an effective method for
 improving seed germination and seedling development of sorghum. In
 addition, hydro-priming is a safe and simple method to enhance
 germination. The most promising genotypes have consequently been included
 in consequent pot and field trials for further investigation.
description: LabExp_Water_2014&2015_DataLaboratory experiment from two year on tepid and hot water priming
DOI: 10.5067/aircraft/airmspi/podex/radiance/ellipsoid_v005
title: AirMSPI PODEX Ellipsoid-projected Georegistered Radiance Data Version 5 - HDF-EOS5 File
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0m91g8m
title: Data from: Seed priming and Zaï pit practice improve field performance of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) in the Sahelian zone of Mali

description: Poor seed germination caused by a variety of seed, soil and environmental
 factors lead to suboptimal seedling stand and ultimately yield suffers a
 serious setback. A number of priming techniques have been found to be
 effective in increasing germination and seedling growth and development.
 This includes techniques such as on-farm hydro-priming (seed soaking in
 well water) and osmo-priming (seed soaking in low osmotic solutions of
 Potassium silicate). Also, Zaï practice, a cropping system concentrating
 runoff water and manure in pits, may be a simple solution in addition to
 seed priming techniques for crop establishment under early drought and
 heat prone areas and for increased productivity of poor soils. This study
 aims to evaluate the combined effect of priming and cultural practices
 (ridge and zaï pits) on three sorghum varieties in the Sahelian zone of
 Mali. Data were collected during two growing seasons in 2014 and 2015.
 Monitored parameters were assessed by comparing the impact of priming with
 untreated sorghum seeds (the control) cultivated on ridges and zaï pits
 with or without compost. We also compared the effect of hydro-priming in
 water from well to osmo-priming using K2SiO3 performance. Hence, each of
 the 3 sorghum variety seeds were subjected to 3 different priming, sowed
 on ridges and zaï treatments. Variety banidoka and CSM63E recorded the
 maximum GP (54.0%) which was significantly higher than saba-tienda GP
 (48%). The priming treatments were not statistically different for
 germination but showed slight improvement in GP for primed (54%) compared
 to unprimed (48%). Germination percentages were significantly higher in
 zaï pits practice without (55%) and with compost (55%) compared to ridges
 (48%). Grain yield varied significantly among sorghum varieties
 (p&lt;0. 04) and cultural practices (p&lt;0. 01). There was no
 significant difference among priming treatments for grain yield. However,
 variety banidoka produced the highest grain yield (961 kg ha-1) followed
 by CSM63E (874 kg ha-1) and lastly saba-tienda (671 kg ha-1) with banidoka
 showing statistically different yield compared to saba-tienda. Zaï pits
 practice with compost obtained the highest GY (1131 kg ha-1), which was
 statistically different from the GY of zaï pits practice without compost
 (695 kg ha-1) and ridge practice (742 kg ha-1). Zaï pits practice without
 compost did not statistically differ from ridge practice. The findings
 showed that seed priming in addition to zaï pits practice improves seed
 germination and seedling development of sorghum probably by accelerating
 imbibition and providing continuous moisture during the germination phase.
 Combining seed priming and zai pit practice with compost appears a simple
 practice that will improve crop establishment and grain yield in the
 Sahelian zone of West Africa.
description: Field_Prim&zai_2014&2015_MTS2_09_06_2018
DOI: 10.5067/aircraft/podex/radiance/airmspi
title: AirMSPI PODEX Terrain-projected??Georegistered??Radiance??Data Version 5 - HED-EOS5 File
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2dc364n
title: Data from: Population genetics of fruit bat reservoir informs the dynamics, distribution, and diversity of Nipah virus

description: The structure and connectivity of wildlife host populations may influence
 zoonotic disease dynamics, evolution, and therefore spillover risk to
 people. Fruit bats in the genus Pteropus, or flying foxes, are the primary
 natural reservoir for henipaviruses - a group of emerging paramyxoviruses
 that threaten livestock and public health. In Bangladesh, Pteropus medius
 is the reservoir for Nipah virus - and viral spillover has led to human
 fatalities nearly every year since 2001. Here we use mitochondrial DNA and
 nuclear microsatellite markers to measure the population structure,
 demographic history, and phylogeography of P. medius in Bangladesh. We
 combine this with a phylogeographic analysis of all known Nipah virus
 sequences and strains currently available to better inform the dynamics,
 distribution, and evolutionary history of Nipah virus. We show that P.
 medius is primarily panmictic, but combined analysis of microsatellite and
 morphological data shows evidence for differentiation of two populations
 in Eastern Bangladesh, corresponding with a divergent strain of Nipah
 virus also found in bats from Eastern Bangladesh. Our demographic analyses
 indicate that a large, expanding population of flying foxes has existed in
 Bangladesh since the Late Pleistocene, coinciding with human population
 expansion in South Asia, suggesting repeated historical spillover of Nipah
 virus likely occurred. We present the first evidence of mitochondrial
 introgression, or hybridization, between P. medius and flying fox species
 found in Southeast Asia (P. vampyrus and P. hypomelanus) which may help to
 explain the distribution of Nipah virus strains across the region.
description: Olival_2018_Pmedius_MorphoMicrosatSpecimen level information for Pteropus medius from Bangladesh. Including: sampled locality name (popn), GPS (lat, long), sex, age class, mass (grams), forearm length in mm (FA), head length in mm (head), body length in mm (body), and microsatellite allelic data for 11 loci (A12, A12, A3, AAT9, B29, C6, CSP1, CSP7, D1, GA2, PH3, PH9).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cn006gh
title: Data from: Coastal acidification impacts on shell mineral structure of bivalve molluscs

description: Ocean acidification is occurring globally through increasing CO2
 absorption into the oceans creating particular concern for calcifying
 species. In addition to ocean acidification, near shore marine habitats
 are exposed to the deleterious effects of runoff from acid sulphate soils
 which also decreases environmental pH. This coastal acidification is being
 exacerbated by climate change driven sea-level rise and catchment-driven
 flooding. In response to reduction in habitat pH by ocean and coastal
 acidification molluscs are predicted to produce thinner shells of lower
 structural integrity and reduced mechanical properties threatening mollusc
 aquaculture. Here we present the first study to examine oyster
 biomineralisation under acid sulphate soil acidification in a region where
 growth of commercial bivalve species has declined in recent decades.
 Examination of the crystallography of the shells of the Sydney rock
 oyster, Saccostrea glomerata, by electron back scatter diffraction
 analyses revealed that the signal of environmental acidification is
 evident in the structure of the biomineral. Saccostrea glomerata, shows
 phenotypic plasticity, as evident in the disruption of crystallographic
 control over biomineralisation in populations living in coastal
 acidification sites. Our results indicate that reduced sizes of these
 oysters for commercial sale may be due to the limited capacity of oysters
 to biomineralise under acidification conditions. As the impact of this
 catchment source acidification will continue to be exacerbated by climate
 change with likely effects on coastal aquaculture in many places across
 the globe, management strategies will be required to maintain the
 sustainable culture of these key resources.
description: Crystallographic
 orientation data from inverse pole figure maps used to calculate
 m-index.Crystallographic
 orientation data from inverse pole figure maps used to calculate m-index.
 The site names WLS2 represents the 'control' data, site WLS5
 represents the 'Acidified site 1' data and site PSS1 represents
 the 'Acidified site 2' data. The first spreadsheet labelled with
 the site name and specimen number is the corresponding chart available in
 supplementary figure 2 showing the 'Normalised abundance of
 uncorrellated misorientation angles against the misorientation
 angles'. The following two spreadsheets for each site and specimen
 contain the m-index calculations for the supplementary figure 2 charts and
 m-index data, labelled as 'site name' 'specimen
 number' 'm-index' and raw data for the uncorrelated
 misorientation angles of the crystallographic orientation data, labelled
 as 'site name' 'specimen number' raw
 data.M-index raw crystallographic
 orientation data.xlsx