cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5443/11379
title: The prevalence of Human Papillomavirus and its impact on Cervical Dysplasia in northern Canada

description: There were two components in this study: component I- the prevalence of HPV infection; and component II - HPV risk assessment. Component I included study sites in the Northwest Territories (NT), Nunavut (NU), and Labrador region (LB). Component II included study sites in NT and Yukon (YT). In component I, bio-sample collection for HPV testing was incorporated into routine Pap testing and no extra samples were required. All bio-samples were collected by physicians or nurses and sent to relevant Public Health Laboratories for Pap testing. Approximately half of each sample was used for a Pap test, and the remainder was shipped to the National Microbiology Laboratory (NML) in Winnipeg for HPV typing using the Luminex assay method. Pap test results, HPV types, and demographic information were linked for analysis. 5726 samples were collected in NT between April, 2008 and March, 2009; 4683 samples were collected in NU between January, 2008 and March, 2009; and 1363 samples were collected in the Labrador region between January, 2010 and November, 2010. Component II used the same method for data collection as component I, with the addition that women were asked to answer a questionnaire to provide their risk factor information. Pap test results, HPV types, demographic information and questionnaire data were linked for analysis. 1279 samples were collected in NT, between April, 2009 and March, 2010; and 1621 samples were collected in YT between February, 2009 and June, 2010.
description: Purpose: Cervical cancer rates are higher among aboriginal populations in Canada. Certain types of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) are sexually transmitted and highly associated with the development of cervical dysplasia (pre-cancerous condition) and cervical cancer, but their distribution in northern populations is largely unknown. The purposes of this project are to identify the prevalence of type-specific HPV infection and cervical dysplasia, and to determine the impacts of social, demographic, and behavioural factors on HPV infection among women in northern Canada to establish more effective programs for cervical cancer prevention and control.
description: Summary: Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a group of more than 100 related viruses and can be highly associated with the development of cervical cancer. Aboriginal women have a higher risk of developing cervical cancer, yet there is limited information about HPV infection in Northern Canada. To fill this gap in knowledge, this project is examining HPV infection and cervical dysplasia (precancerous cells) in women of the Northwest Territories, Yukon and Nunavut to determine general prevalence rates, types of HPV, and risks associated with the development of HPV. The aim is to provide scientific evidence for policy makers and local public health workers to assist in the planning and implementation of cancer control programs.
DOI: 10.5284/1012711
title: Forest of Dean Archaeological Survey: LiDAR Survey

description: Lidar survey of selected areas of woodland and the hard rock Aggregates Resource Area of the Forest of Dean., Gloucestershire, and rapid transcription of the results to identify sites which had not been recognised by other methods. The survey was part of a larger project (Stage 3A of the Forest of Dean Archaeological Survey) to address deficiencies in knowledge of the archaeology of the Forest of Dean, particularly within the large areas of woodland, and to contribute towards the management of the heritage resource especially in Forestry Commission land.
DOI: 10.5443/11451
title: Yeendoo Nanh Nakhweenjit K'atr'ahanahtyaa: Environmental change and traditional use of the Old Crow Flats in northern Canada

description: This multidisciplinary project is comprised of eight components focusing on: geology and Paleoenvironments (Froese); hydrology and biology (Wolfe); permafrost (Burn); dendrochronology (Pisaric); vegetation (Lantz); food security (Chan); muskrat (Humphries); and moose (Cooley).
description: Purpose: This research project was initiated when the Vuntut Gwitchin Government invited researchers to Old Crow, Yukon to develop research questions based on the concerns of the community. This resulted in an IPY research project that seeks to integrate traditional and scientific approaches, generate new environmental knowledge of local, national and international significance, establish a legacy of community-based monitoring, create a strategic action plan to manage responses to future climate-driven effects, and serve as a useful model to other northern communities experiencing and adapting to the impacts of climate change. The goals of the project include: documenting the history of environmental change from the last interglacial to the present in Old Crow Flats; assessing the distribution and abundance of vegetation and wildlife in relation to the changing physical environment; evaluating the impact of changes in the physical and biological environment on traditional food sources of the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation; and developing a long-term monitoring program for the Old Crow Flats to be continued by the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation.
description: Summary: The Old Crow Flats in northern Yukon is the homeland of the Vuntut Gwitchin First Nation and is a wetland ecosystem of international significance. Local observations indicate that this area is undergoing pronounced and unprecedented changes. To understand these changes, this project uses both traditional knowledge and scientific methods to investigate the hydrology, permafrost, plants and animals of the Old Crow Flats, as well as food security issues in surrounding communities. The use of paleo-environmental research techniques is also allowing researchers to assess conditions in the area during previous interglacial periods. Together, this information will be used to establish a legacy of community-based monitoring, create a strategic action plan to manage this important area, and serve as a model to other northern communities experiencing and adapting to the impacts of climate change.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.35fs26kq/2
title: Oilbirds-metadata

description: Holland RA, Wikelski M, Kuemmeth F, Bosque C (2012) The secret life of oilbirds: new insights into the movement ecology of a unique avian frugivore. PLoS ONE 4(12): e8264. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008264
description: Background: Steatornis caripensis (the oilbird) is a very unusual bird. It supposedly never sees daylight, roosting in huge aggregations in caves during the day and bringing back fruit to the cave at night. As a consequence a large number of the seeds from the fruit they feed upon germinate in the cave and spoil. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we use newly developed GPS/acceleration loggers with remote UHF readout to show that several assumptions about the behaviour of Steatornis caripensis need to be revised. On average, they spend only every 3rd day in a cave, individuals spent most days sitting quietly in trees in the rainforest where they regurgitate seeds. Conclusions/Significance: This provides new data on the extent of seed dispersal and the movement ecology of Steatornis caripensis. It suggests that Steatornis caripensis is perhaps the most important long-distance seed disperser in Neotropical forests. We also show that colony-living comes with high activity costs to individuals.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.q8b02dc5
title: Data from: Homing pigeons only navigate in air with intact environmental odours: a test of the olfactory activation hypothesis with GPS data loggers [partial dataset]

description: Gagliardo A, Ioalè P, Filannino C, Wikelski M (2012) Homing pigeons only navigate in air with intact environmental odours: a test of the olfactory activation hypothesis with GPS data loggers. PLoS ONE 6(8): e22385. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022385
description: A large body of evidence has shown that anosmic pigeons are impaired in their navigation. However, the role of odours in navigation is still subject to debate. While according to the olfactory navigation hypothesis homing pigeons possess a navigational map based on the distribution of environmental odours, the olfactory activation hypothesis proposes that odour perception is only needed to activate a navigational mechanism based on cues of another nature. Here we tested experimentally whether the perception of artificial odours is sufficient to allow pigeons to navigate, as expected from the olfactory activation hypothesis. We transported three groups of pigeons in air-tight containers to release sites 53 and 61 km from home in three different olfactory conditions. The Control group received natural environmental air; both the Pure Air and the Artificial Odour groups received pure air filtered through an active charcoal filter. Only the Artificial Odour group received additional puffs of artificial odours until release. We then released pigeons while recording their tracks with 1 Hz GPS data loggers. We also followed non-homing pigeons using an aerial data readout to a Cessna plane, allowing, for the first time, the tracking of non-homing homing pigeons. Within the first hour after release, the pigeons in both the Artificial Odour and the Pure Air group (receiving no environmental odours) showed impaired navigational performances at each release site. Our data provide evidence against an activation role of odours in navigation, and document that pigeons only navigate well when they perceive environmental odours.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.62r58302/2
title: Toucan-metadata

description: Kays R, Jansen PA, Knecht EMH, Vohwinkel R, Wikelski R (2011) The effect of feeding time on dispersal of Virola seeds by toucans determined from GPS tracking and accelerometers. Acta Oecologica v. 37, i. 6, p. 625-631. doi:10.1016/j.actao.2011.06.007
description: Seed dispersal is critical to understanding forest dynamics but is hard to study because tracking seeds is difficult. Even for the best-studied dispersal system of the Neotropics, Virola nobilis, the dispersal kernel remains unknown. We combined high-resolution GPS/3D-acceleration bird tracking, seed-retention experiments, and field observations to quantify dispersal of V. nobilis by their principal dispersers, Ramphastos toucans. We inferred feeding events from movement data, and then estimated spatio-temporally explicit seed-dispersal kernels. Wild toucans moved an average of 1.8 km d−1 with two distinct activity peaks. Seed retention time in captive toucans averaged 25.5 min (range 4–98 min). Estimated seed dispersal distance averaged 144 ± 147 m, with a 56% likelihood of dispersal &gt;100 m, two times further than the behaviour-naive estimate from the same data. Dispersal was furthest for seeds ingested in the morning, and increased with seed retention time, but only up to 60 min after feeding. Our study supports the long-standing hypothesis that toucans are excellent dispersers of Virola seeds. To maximize seed dispersal distances trees should ripen fruit in the morning when birds move the most, and produce fruits with gut-processing times around 60 min. Our study demonstrates how new tracking technology can yield nuanced seed dispersal kernels for animals that cannot be directly observed.
DOI: 10.5284/1012710
title: Revised research framework of Post Roman Ceramic studies in Britain

description: This Research Framework provides a focus for post-Roman ceramic studies in England, Scotland and Wales for the next five years. Its aim is to inform all archaeologists during the development of local, regional and national research programmes, as well as period-specific strategies.
DOI: 10.5443/11380
title: Pan-Arctic Tracking of Beluga Whales (PATOB)

description: PATOB research was presented to all communities in Nunavik during community consultations completed during the spring of 2007, as well as the Anguvigaq Hunters, Fishers and Trappers Association general meeting in Umiujaq, and in 2008 in Tasiujaq, the annual general meeting of the Nunavik elders sponsored by Avitaq Cultural Institute in Kangiqsujuaq, and an IPY conference to present several IPY projects held in Kuujjuaq. At the consultations, the Inuit requested that we undertake our telemetry studies in James Bay, an area where there are a large number of animals, but also where we know very little about their stock relationships with Hudson Bay beluga, their movement and diving behaviour and overwintering areas. Furthermore, James Bay is also responsible for approximately 70% of the total freshwater inflow into the Hudson Bay region, so changes in physical environmental conditions in this area will have wide reaching impacts on Hudson Bay and freshwater inflow into the Northwest Atlantic.
description: Purpose: Beluga hunting is an important activity for many Inuit communities in Canada, Alaska and Greenland. Hunting, initially by commercial whalers, reduced eastern Hudson and Ungava Bay beluga numbers and these stocks now have a COSEWIC status of 'endangered.' Management activities over the last decade have lead to declines in harvest levels. Nonetheless, continued access to beluga remains important to the Inuit subsistence culture. Beluga are commonly associated with freshwater estuaries during summer, where they are vulnerable to hunting and over-winter in ice-covered waters. Some populations are highly migratory, while others show little seasonal change in distribution. Changes in freshwater inputs, oceanographic conditions, and winter ice cover, as well as developments in commercial fisheries may impact on migration corridors, foraging, and seasonal distribution patterns of beluga, and may increase competition as more temperate species (whales and seals) move into northern areas. Such changes will alter access by hunters to whales, upsetting traditional harvest patterns, while the influx of new species will require changes in cultural values, development of new harvesting technologies and will increase international scrutiny.
description: Summary: Beluga are important to the traditional subsistence culture of the Inuit and can be found in the freshwater estuaries and ice-covered waters of the Eastern Arctic. However, climate change may be affecting the behaviour of these mammals. Using traditional knowledge and satellite telemetry, this project is examining the movement and distribution of beluga whales in Hudson Bay, James Bay and Ungava Bay through the development of community monitoring program.
DOI: 10.5443/11464
title: Climate variability and change (CVC) effects on char in the Arctic

description: The research project is comprised of two components: 1) investigation of char biodiversity using genetic approaches, and char life history and thermal ecology using otolith microchemistry and stable isotope techniques at several areas throughout the Canadian Arctic (western Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Nunavik, Nunatsiavut), thereby providing the biological context in which to place climate variability and change effects on this key resource; climate effects on mercury bioaccumulation in chars are also investigated in parallel with these studies, and 2) development of community-based monitoring programs in Sachs Harbour, Kuujjuaaq, and Nain to assess and monitor local char biodiversity, this links understanding gained from the research component directly with biodiversity observable locally by northerners. This component will be suitable for general dissemination to other northern communities as a model for developing similar local programs. A third component develops a network of char researchers and northerners to address common issues of char-climate interactions, foster information exchange, and link to other key national and international networks. Research outputs, monitoring programs, and networks will serve as lasting legacies of this IPY project.
description: Purpose: As key components of freshwater (lake and river), estuarine and near-shore marine aquatic environments of the circumpolar north, Arctic Char and related fishes of the genus Salvelinus are fundamental to the lifestyles and well-being of northerners as the basis for extensive fisheries conducted for household food (i.e., domestic and subsistence), commercial and sport purposes. Chars contribute significantly to household and wage economies, and social and cultural elements of northern life. Chars are also key integrators and indicators of the health of northern aquatic ecosystems, many aspects of which are at significant risk from increased climate variability and change. However, human adaptive responses are hampered by a lack of vital information regarding char thermal ecology, biodiversity and its functional significance in northern ecosystems, mercury interactions, and how these may respond to climate change.
description: Summary: Arctic char are fundamental to the well-being of Northerners as a traditional food source and economic resource. They are also a key indicator of the health of northern ecosystems. This project is studying Arctic char and the challenges they face in light of impending climate change. With the development of an international network of researchers, char thermal ecology and biodiversity, the significance of char in northern ecosystems, bioaccumulation of mercury and how all these factors respond to climate change is being assessed across the circumpolar North. In Canada, community-based monitoring programs are also being established in Sachs Harbour, Kuujjuaaq and Nain to assess char biodiversity at a local level.
DOI: 10.5443/11418
title: The organic carbon flux to Arctic margin sediments: redox tracers stable isotopes and biomarkers as proxies for change

description: To date, sediment cores have been successfully collected, while aboard the CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier in July 2007, and the CCGS Louis S. St. Laurent in July, 2009. The suite of cores spans the continental shelf and slope at depths varying from 60 to 2000 m from the Bering and Chukchi Seas, to Barrow Canyon, to the Mackenzie Shelf, Davis Strait, Baffin Bay and Canadian Archipelago. The analysis of the samples is now completed and we are now working on the interpretation of results. There is a lot that can be learned from the sediment cores. So far, the results show strong differences in the sediments and organic carbon between different regions of the Arctic. Areas that are very productive with algae and the marine food web, like the North Water Polynya in northern Baffin Bay, have very different organic carbon cycles from areas near river mouths that are strongly influenced by the land. We plan to characterize each region in detail and also compare the regions to produce an overall picture of the organic carbon cycle in the Canadian Arctic continental margin. We will also identify if the organic carbon cycle has been affected by the climate-related changes already underway.of climate change.
description: Purpose: This project focuses on coastal areas and continental shelves of the Arctic Ocean. Its purpose is to determine the sources, pathways, and fate of the organic carbon deposited in the sediments. Organic carbon plays an important role for sustaining local food webs. It is also important in the global carbon cycle. Marine algae and land plants represent the main sources of the sedimentary organic carbon in coastal zones. However, climate change and associated changes in sea ice cover, river runoff, and ocean circulation are currently impacting how much and what type of organic carbon is supplied to the coastal areas of the Arctic Ocean and also what happens to the material (transport, degradation) within the marine environment. Therefore, the goal of this study is to learn more about the distributions, amounts and specific sources of organic carbon in sediments right now, at the beginning of the changes, so we can be in a better position to face future impacts of climate change.
description: Summary: Carbon is essential to the chemistry of life and the continental shelves of the oceans are critical sites for carbon cycling. Given the amount of continental shelf associated with the Arctic Ocean, understanding carbon in the Arctic Ocean is paramount to understanding physical and biogeochemical processes involving carbon. To investigate how unique features of the Arctic, such as sea ice and climate, affect carbon cycling, this project collected sediment cores along the margins of Canada's Arctic Ocean to compare to cores being collected in Canada¿s Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Through sediment coring, a 40,000-year history of carbon in Canada¿s three oceans is being gained.
DOI: 10.5284/1016100
title: Wiltshire and Swindon Aggregate Resource Assessment

description: The project mapped the potential aggregate producing areas of Wiltshire and Swindon, dividing the resource into three Aggregate Character Areas (Sharp Sand and Gravel, Soft Sand and Crushed Rock), and further aggregate sub-areas. These areas defined the project 'study area'. An Archaeological Resource Assessment was then produced for this study area, comprising a period-by-period review of the recorded archaeological resource. This assessment was informed by data from the Wiltshire Historic Environment Record and the English Heritage Archives and Monuments Information England. This was then followed by a review of the mitigation strategies and management policies that have been adopted in relation to the archaeological resource encountered during mineral extraction in Wiltshire and Swindon, and a review of the previous impact of aggregate mineral extraction on the archaeological resource.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.q8b02dc5/3
title: HomingPigeonsOlfaction-Version1

description: Gagliardo A, Ioalè P, Filannino C, Wikelski M (2012) Homing pigeons only navigate in air with intact environmental odours: a test of the olfactory activation hypothesis with GPS data loggers. PLoS ONE 6(8): e22385. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0022385
description: A large body of evidence has shown that anosmic pigeons are impaired in their navigation. However, the role of odours in navigation is still subject to debate. While according to the olfactory navigation hypothesis homing pigeons possess a navigational map based on the distribution of environmental odours, the olfactory activation hypothesis proposes that odour perception is only needed to activate a navigational mechanism based on cues of another nature. Here we tested experimentally whether the perception of artificial odours is sufficient to allow pigeons to navigate, as expected from the olfactory activation hypothesis. We transported three groups of pigeons in air-tight containers to release sites 53 and 61 km from home in three different olfactory conditions. The Control group received natural environmental air; both the Pure Air and the Artificial Odour groups received pure air filtered through an active charcoal filter. Only the Artificial Odour group received additional puffs of artificial odours until release. We then released pigeons while recording their tracks with 1 Hz GPS data loggers. We also followed non-homing pigeons using an aerial data readout to a Cessna plane, allowing, for the first time, the tracking of non-homing homing pigeons. Within the first hour after release, the pigeons in both the Artificial Odour and the Pure Air group (receiving no environmental odours) showed impaired navigational performances at each release site. Our data provide evidence against an activation role of odours in navigation, and document that pigeons only navigate well when they perceive environmental odours.