cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307531
title: MURDER AND DRUG TRAFFICKING SPATIAL DEPENDENCE

description: Abstract This paper analyzes the correlation between drug trafficking and homicides in the city of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais - Brazil, to identify the spatial relationship between these phenomena in the urban environment. Based on data from the police reports in the period of 2007 to 2016, the spatial patterns of these criminal typologies and their spatial association were evaluated. The data were grouped on a 500-meter square grid, showing the main hot spots for the two types of crimes, as well as their recurrence. To complement the analysis, an indicator was proposed based on the assumptions of Ousey and Lee (2002), who describe the pre-existing social conditions for the relationship between drug trafficking and homicides to be established. From the methodology adopted, it was possible to verify the spatial association between the two criminal classifications, as well as the tendency for clusters of cells with a high incidence of crimes to be formed. There was also an association between the empirical data and those regions of the city where the pre-existing social conditions that encourage the association between drug trafficking and homicides are present, reinforcing the idea that the illegal drug market is a contingent cause of lethal violence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307528
title: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION AND DRUG PATENTS IN BRAZIL

description: Abstract The article aims to reconstitute the central events of the Intellectual Property (IP) protection system in Brazil, highlighting the exception of medicines patent granting. In a second moment, we discuss the influences of corporations and of Special 301 Reports in the Intellectual Property Law (1996), which marks the recognition of drug patents granting in the country. Subsequently, we present an analysis of the growth of patents in the largest offices, highlighting Brazil's peripheral participation in innovation. Finally, the article seeks to demonstrate the current relationship between patents and public health by considering the patent invalidation in Brazil and the international cooperation between States and corporations in developing vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307527
title: GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION RISK MAPPING IN URBAN WATERSHED

description: Abstract Groundwater contamination cause different risks to society, promoting rise of the disease’s cases, in addition to reduce the hydric disponible and to degrade the aquifers, that are strategic reservoir to hydric sustainability of society. Therefore, this study was aimed to applies the groundwater contamination risk index - IRCAS, identifying they efficiency in indication/prediction of water contamination in a urban watershed on Fortaleza City/Brazil. For this, we applied the vulnerability aquifer model GOD to set natural susceptibility and to match environment sanitation index - ISA for to produce the IRCAS. For identify the efficiency this model, we accomplish 2 field campaign, one at the end of the rainy season (July), and other in dry season (November), to analyzed physics and chemistry parameters of groundwater collected of the wells. The major contamination was caused to nitrate, that presented 53 and 46% of the sample out of potability standard on rainy and dry period, respectively. The variance analyses - ANOVA report model efficiency of 61 and 54% of explication of the nitrate contamination variance for on rainy and dry period, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307525
title: SOCIALIZED GEOMORPHOLOGY THROUGH TRADITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHY

description: Abstract This study is carried out in the Orosi-Ujarrás Valley, where more than 15,000 people reside. This area presents high geomorphologic fragility, and therefore this work is based upon the selection of representative sectors of such characteristic, to show through landscape photos, a series of geomorphologic sketches of the most evident and extense model forms currently on site. This is complemented with the interpretation of the processes and materials associated with each identified form. This work is presented as an geomorphologic study alternative that can help, in a simplified way, to educate the population in light of geomorphologic threats through direct field observations based on photographs that individuals can take and comment on with other community members and groups given the complex task of reading and understanding a gemorphologic map.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307524
title: TOURISM REFUNCTIONALIZATION OF THE HISTORICAL CENTER IN OLD HAVANA

description: Abstract This paper deals with tourism refunctionalization in the Old Town in Havana, which was marked by two fundamental events: the City Center (Old Havana) and its Fortification System were declared World Cultural Heritage sites by the UNESCO in 1982, a fact that bestowed international visibility to the architectural ensemble, and the government decision on cultural tourism development in this area from 1993 on, thus, making these historical sites attractive for commercialization and aggravating socio-spatial contradictions. The study, which comprised a literature review, documentary research and an analysis of empirical results, aimed at evaluating the renewal of urban landscape, displacement of a part of the low-income population, arrival of the Cuban middle class and revaluation of housing, albeit informal. These facts highlight that there is a growing gentrification process taking place in the Historical Center of Old Havana.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307522
title: UNIVERSALIZATION OF THE EDUCATION IN THE BRAZILIAN MUNICIPALITIES

description: Abstract The educational inequalities in Brazil may be illustrated by the first Census of 1872, which pointed out that 15.11% of the country's population was composed of slaves. In that year, 50.95% of the population was considered illiterate. The related studies to the Brazilian social issue point to the North and Northeast regions as the most vulnerable in the national territory, a dynamic also reflected in educational opportunities. The population of the Northeast region, for example, presents a primary education completion rate of 27.43% lower in relation to the population living in the Southeast region. The Brazilian social inequality manifests itself in different dimensions, such as the cutting out of gender, ethnicity and region. At the municipal level, the percentage representation of the non-conclusion of the primary education is more evident in sparsely populated municipalities, with a predominantly rural population. In this profile of municipality, Youth and Adult Education is an important mechanism for tackling educational inequalities, especially when articulated with social protection policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307521
title: FIRE REGIME IN THE PIMENTEL BARBOSA INDIGENOUS LAND, MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL

description: Abstract The Pimentel Barbosa Indigenous Land (PBIL), which belongs to the Xavante ethnic group, is in the region with the highest annual fire activity in the world, indicating the need for accurate monitoring of spatial and temporal patterns of fire events. In this context, this study characterizes the fire regime in the PBIL from 1984 to 2018 and correlates to the types of vegetation and land use, and the culture of the local Xavante people. Fire scars were identified, mapped and then their spatial distribution and frequency were analyzed, including aspects of plant typology and land use. Over the 34-year study period, the burned area in the PBIL was 1,500% larger than its total area, with evidence of burning in over half the area in several years. There was no spatial pattern to indicate the use of traditional practices. The Savanna areas and agricultural land accounted for more than 90% of the total affected area. The fire frequency was classified as medium or high (9 to 34 occurrences) for all land use types, showing that twenty times the most common frequency. The Xavante went through forced migrations, and the expropriation and fragmentation of their territory have altered their semi-nomadic way of life. This has resulted in sedentarization, the modification of their territorial structure, and the integration of their culture into mainstream Brazilian social norms. This process is mainly responsible for the current burning scenario, indicating the need for actions so that fire can be used as a sustainable tool.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307519
title: GEOMORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION OF THE COASTAL PLAINS IN THE HOLOCENE

description: Abstract The last eleven thousand years have been marked by several environmental changes in coastal regions and in Brazil, evolutionary models and sea-level variation curves indicated a general phase of marine regression, interspersed with peaks of transgression. These oscillations contributed to the evolution of extensive coastal plains. However, in the smaller coastal plains, these issues need more discussions. In the case study of the Itapicuru coastal plain, north coast of Bahia State, we aimed to complement the paleoenvironmental information to define the possible geomorphological evolution scenario during the Upper-Middle Holocene. We analyzed marine terraces and floodplain using particle size distribution, quartz grain morphological analysis, and OSL. The data indicates a slow and gradual regressive phase between 5 kyrs - 0,8 kyrs BP, responsible for the highest marine terrace’s formation. Between 0.8 ka A.P. and the Present, there was a fast and abrupt regression also observed in other places of the Bahia coast, with the formation of low terraces. We suggest that short-lived events may have been responsible for the evolution of other Brazilian coastal plains with similar characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307516
title: AUTOMATED CLASSIFICATION OF LANDFORMS WITH GIS SUPPORT

description: Abstract Relief classification methodologies seek to define the parameters that determine those parts of the terrestrial surface that present homogeneous forms and elements. The rapid development of geotechnology has increasingly provided tools and methodologies that assist in studies related to relief. The present work proposes a methodology to classify the relief in three taxonomic levels, using automated processing in a GIS environment. This procedure was applied in a case study of the Santa Maria River basin, in the west of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The digital data processing employed was the Geographic Information System ArcGIS® and the data from the SRTM 3 arc-second radar (90 meters) was the basis for the Digital Elevation Model. The processing for the first taxon used the amplitude and slope data to define four forms of relief: flat areas, slightly undulating hills, undulating hills, and hills with buttes and larger hills. In the second taxonomic level, ten relief elements were identified: flat, peak, ridge, shoulder, spur, slope, hollow, footslope, valley, and pit. In the third taxonomic level, the slope forms were characterized into eight units using the slope, profile, and curvature plane parameters. It was possible to detect the three proposed levels, the relief forms, relief elements, and slope forms. GIS processing offers a fast and precise definition of the relief forms and elements, and the slope forms, as well as the relationship between the three taxonomic levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307513
title: SMALL CITIES OF THE DELTA

description: Abstract This article aims to present an analysis of the urban dynamics of small towns Afuá and Ponta de Pedras, located in the state of Pará, and Mazagão, in the state of Amapá, of the Amazon River Delta, from the discussion about urbanity and the ibeirurbano. A multitemporal mapping of their urban area was carried out and questionnaires were applied to urban residents to obtain information to understand urban dynamics, as well as the use of census data. The analysis of urbanity for the reality of the small cities of the Delta has to admit the singularities of the ribeirurbano and thus enable the recognition and construction of citizenship in this new humanism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307512
title: FORMATION OF PALM OIL CULTIVATION IN PARA’S AMAZON

description: Abstract The formation of palm oil cultivation in Para’s Amazon has as guide the state action. Emphasizing that the state makes possible the arrival of palm oil, encourages business creation through programs, projects and policies. The process of reconstituting milestones on origin, consolidation and expansion, which goes from the 1950s to the second decade of the 21st century, was based on the vast literature review on the topic, data collection about palm oil cultivation, palm oil production, emergence, merger, business extinction and the situation of family farming integration projects. Th first part of the text focus on the arrival of oil palm in the Amazon, next, has highlight the creation of palm oil companies and finally analyze palm oil policies. This explains the distribution of the crop predominantly by the Tomé-açu microregion and the current period marked by the projects of integration of rural farmers into the palm oil agribusiness chain, through the discourse of rural territorial development with social inclusion, and job and income generation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307509
title: CLUSTER ANALYSIS FOR LANDSCAPE TYPOLOGY

description: Abstract This paper deals with the classification of landscapes by means of cluster analysis, having as a theoretical basis a typology of landscapes, through the notion of zonality by L. S. Berg and the theory of geosystems by V. B. Sochava. Firstly landscape mapping was performed using geoprocessing techniques resulting in 272 landscape units for the municipality of Mineiros (Goiás State, Brazil). This units were defined by union of different elements of morphostructures, lithology, landforms, altitude, slope degree, drainage density, soils and land use. The objective of this work is to compare different forms of grouping to establish the typology of landscapes using an upscaling/bottom-up approach. The similarity coefficient Jaccard, Euclidean Distance metric and k-means algorithm were evaluated. Even though the field validations and statistical tests point to a different scenario, it was considered that the Jaccard and Euclidean Distance metrics presented satisfactory scenarios for the representation of the landscapes. The grouping was important in the optimization of processes, although there is a need to differentiate between statistical and spatial significance. Therefore, the relevance of this technique is in the collaboration to group and redefine a large amount of information that, by means of manual analysis and spatial regrouping, would present excessive delay.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307506
title: SOCIAL DIMENSION OF URBAN AND PERIURBAN AGRICULTURE

description: Abstract The introduction of agriculture in cities is one of the current priority axes for urban environmental reform. There is a broad consensus in this regard, largely because of the improvement of urban ecosystem balances. However, urban agriculture also offers various possibilities for society to the extent that it can contribute to solving urban poverty situations, while improving the public health of the neighborhoods where it is located, especially based on ecological principles. In addition to other advantages that directly involve the population that practices agriculture or that has it as a food source. In this way, urban agriculture helps mitigate the double socio-environmental dimension of the planetary ecological crisis of our time. In this sense, this study aims to deepen the social dimension of urban agriculture by problematizing experiences of different cities in the world (particularly Barcelona, Girona and Natal), the latter as contextualization, proposing a scheme of the different types of advantages that it entails. The conclusion points in the direction of a social phenomenon marked by territorial resistance and transition towards a more balanced and counter-rational productive paradigm opposed to the globalized totalitarian capitalist paradigm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307504
title: PRODUCTION OF SPACE, TRANSFORMATIONS OF CAPITALISM AND THE REAL ESTATE STRATEGIES OF RETAIL COMPANIES

description: Abstract This paper aims to analyze the current transformations of commercial capital in contemporary capitalism. In light of the dynamics of globalization, retail commercial capital has changed its actions and strategies, based on the prevailing logic of the functioning of the capitalist economy in the current period. The study examines the global expansion of retail, as well as its territorial consequences, and gives particular emphasis to the role of financialization and real estate business in these dynamics. Finally, we highlight how both foreign and domestic retail companies began to view real estate investment as a means of obtaining profitability that contributes to economic reproduction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307495
title: Experiences of police officers from a DEAM in the Southwest of Goiás

description: Abstract The research investigated the experiences of civil police officers of a Specialized Police Station for Women’s Care (DEAM) in a municipality in the southwestern region of Brazil in the care of women in situations of domestic violence. Based on the qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four police officers, two women and two men. Several difficulties experienced in daily professional life were found, from lack of physical space, employees and time, to the absence of training to meet women. Although they had knowledge about the Maria da Penha’s Law, the participants reproduced sexist and misogynistic gender conceptions that, added to the precariousness of the service, culminated in blaming women in situations of violence. The interviewees pointed out the need to create a Psychology service to support women and the own police officers. In this sense, DEAM workers should be properly trained, and there should be the performance of psychosocial interventions, in order to enhance the role of the police in coping with gender violence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307494
title: Poetic perspective of alterity: dialogues between Rimbaud and Bakhtin

description: Abstract This paper aims to point out possible connections between cultural psychology and poetry from the utterance “I is another”, extracted from Arthur Rimbaud’s “Letters of the Seer” (1871) and taken as a visionary-poetic perspective for the strand of semiotic-cultural constructivism in psychology. This utterance is addressed to Mikhail Bakhtin’s notions of dialogism and polyphony, in order to express the plurality of otherness experiences in the field of I-other-world relations. Bakhtin (1895-1975) is one of the chief authors for that metatheoretical, methodological and ethical strand in psychology, which focuses on relational processes involved in the I-other relations, taking each co-participant in the relation as an active singularity, constructing senses and meanings of experience. Rimbaud (1854-1891) was a visionary poet, and his poetic perspective of alterity is a fertile ground for a dialogue with the cultural psychology. His “Letters of the Seer” will give support to a reflection on the notions of otherness and dialogicity in the Self.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307491
title: Relationship between social skills, stress, age, sex, school type and school grade in adolescents

description: Abstract During adolescence many changes occur in adolescent life. They have to develop social skills, behaviors that composes the repertoire of an individual to respond the social demands adequately. They face some situations that can cause stress, which is the reaction of the body to restore its balance after going through stressor situation. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation of social skills and stress variables: sex, age, type of school attended and grade. For this was used Psychological tests ESA (Stress Scale for Adolescents) and IHSA-Del-Prette(Inventory of Social Skills for Adolescents). The obtained results permit to conclude that there is a correlation between stress and the variables gender, age and type of school attended, as well as between the emission of social skills and the type of school attended. The hypothesis that the female students had more social skills than the students was not confirmed, nor it was confirmed that men have more difficulties in issuing the answers than women.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307488
title: The relation between presenteism, burnout syndrome and ethic leadership in scholar’s organizations

description: Abstract This paper aimed to describe predictors of presenteism in the school context, specifically burnout and leadership. Questionnaires were used as a data collection instrument. Participants were 366 all of them teachers of Secretaria de Estado da Educação do Distrito Federal. They worked in different schools and various regions of Distrito Federal. Linear and interaction relations were tested for hypothesis checking. The obtained results showed that emotional exhaustion and ethical leadership are linearly related to concentration at work. However, they do not relate to the loss of ability to complete the work. In the latter, leadership appears as an important moderating variable. High levels of emotional exhaustion tend to converge negatively on assessments of leadership and presenteism. This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between well-being and productivity and its moderating variables, as well as highlights that emotional exhaustion at work influence the teacher’s assessment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307485
title: Teachers’ understanding of motives for students aggression

description: Abstract In the present article it is analyzed issues related to the motives for manifestations of aggressive behavior of students towards teachers, in Russia. We took as starting point for this analysis some news from informative sources about real facts of aggression in the school space. Then, it was conducted an investigation which aimed to identify how teachers understand the most significant reasons pointed by them why students present aggressive behavior towards teachers. The article presents results of answers to questionnaires applied to teachers about the motives that can generate aggressive behaviors, especially highlighting the most significant ones on a scale from 1 to 7. The results allowed us to characterize the age dynamics of the change in the meaning of the various reasons for the aggressive behavior of students directed to the teacher for students in the early years, for students in the threshold between the first and second segment of elementary school, and for those in the transition phase to adolescence
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307477
title: ProUni Scholar students performance in Enade: Structural Equations Modeling

description: Abstract This study aimed to investigate the performance in the National Students Exam–Enade of students with scholarships ProUni (“University for all” Programme), with grants of the education institutions themselves and students with other types of scholarships, and also to investigate, through the Structural Equation Modeling, whether this performance is maintained under the conditions of freshmen and seniors. We used a database containing the results of 401,117 students who took the Enade exam in 2006, which is composed both of the General Formation and the Specific Knowledge tests. The same structural equation model was used to analyse the database of freshmen and seniors students. The obtained results indicated that the measurement model of the scholar students concerning the Enade grades provides a reasonably good fit and allows us to say that the student’s performance through graduation is poorer than the moment of their admission to College.