cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dh478
title: Data from: Paying for conservation: a bioeconomic analysis of the effects of land management options on the viability of an endangered species, Eryngium alpinum

description: 1. Land management is critical for biodiversity conservation in mountain
 grasslands. It should be both ecologically effective and economically
 efficient. We provide an economic analysis of different options (spring
 and autumn grazing, mowing and abandonment) and their effects on
 population viability of a rare plant species, Eryngium alpinum (Apiaceae),
 in two French mountain grassland sites (Fournel and Pralognan). 2. Using
 data collected in a ten-year, individual-based demographic study, we
 estimated the effects of land management options on the population growth
 rate and simulated the effect of combinations of options. Income earned
 through each option was estimated using data on associated costs (price of
 consumables, working time, wages) and benefits (forage production, quality
 and price), and we assessed the economic effects of agri-enviro nment
 subsidies (AESs). We also simulated the effects of increased frequencies
 of extreme climatic events (such as the 2003 heatwave). 3. Spring grazing
 was the worst option for E. alpinum demography but the best in economic
 terms, as it provided net positive incomes. Autumn grazing was the best
 option, resulting in positive growth rates and incomes, even if the latter
 were lower than for spring grazing. Mowing was the second best option for
 demography but resulted in economic losses for farmers. Abandonment
 provided zero income and was not favourable to population growth. 4. In
 Fournel, AESs allowed for economically and ecologically near-optimal
 combinations of management options. In Pralognan, alternating years of
 grazing with mowing resulted in an acceptable compromise, with positive
 growth rates and incomes, but AESs were not sufficient to cover the
 opportunity cost of spring and autumn grazing. Mowing was also
 unattractive because of the inaccessibility of the site and impossibility
 to recover the hay to make forage. 5. Simulations with increased frequency
 of extreme climatic events resulted in negative growth rates in Pralognan,
 questioning the continuation of AESs in extinction-prone populations. 6.
 Synthesis and applications. The conservation effectiveness and economic
 efficiency of grassland management could be improved by alternating
 practices over several years. However, existing agri-environment subsidies
 would barely be sufficient to increase uptake of the most favourable land
 management options for biodiversity.
description: Transition
 matricesPopulation projection
 matrices for each land management option and siteTransition_matrices.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dc883
title: Data from: Land use type, forest cover, and forest edges modulate avian cross-habitat spillover

description: 1.Natural habitats adjacent to agricultural areas are often considered
 sources of species that provide beneficial regulating ecosystem services
 through cross-habitat spillover. Both inter-habitat matrix and landscape
 configuration can influence spillover by controlling organismal ability to
 disperse through landscapes, and affecting the provision of additional or
 supplementary resources that impact organism survival. 2.To understand how
 landscape structure in terms of matrix land use type, forest cover, and
 edge density might facilitate avian cross-habitat spillover, we sampled
 avian communities in forest patches and adjacent land use types (coffee
 plantations or cattle pastures) using a well-replicated study design
 across 92 sampling sites across a landscape-context forest cover gradient
 (6-60%). 3.Land use type was a key factor influencing avian cross-habitat
 spillover, facilitating species movement into coffee plantations and
 acting as a barrier to spillover into cattle pastures. We found that 24%
 of the forest-dependent species pool was capable of spillover into coffee
 plantations, while spillover was nearly non-existent in cattle pastures.
 4.Forest cover was also the main driver of spillover into coffee
 plantations. There was a positive relationship between forest cover and
 spillover, potentially due to processes related with i) a higher density
 of organisms in-patches, ii) decreased isolation among patches
 facilitating species movement, and iii) higher landscape supplementation
 processes. 5.Finally, we found edge density had an additive effect with
 forest cover on spillover. Spillover was higher in high-forested
 landscapes with many forest-matrix edges, possibly due to increased
 structural connectivity for species able to move through edges, and to
 improved access for forest-dwelling species to different resource types
 (complementation processes). 6.Synthesis and applications. We demonstrate
 that land use type is a key factor facilitating species spillover into
 agricultural matrices and that the influence of land use type on spillover
 is further modulated by a combination of native habitat amount and edge
 density. These results should be considered in efforts to design or manage
 sustainable agricultural landscapes in order to enhance both bird
 persistence and the provision of bird-mediated ecosystem services.
description: Spillover data into both
 coffee plantations and pasturesThese are the raw data
 regarding avian cross-habitat spillover into agricultural
 matrices.Data_dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g6040
title: Data from: No evidence for size-assortative mating in the wild despite mutual mate choice in sex-role-reversed pipefishes

description: Size-assortative mating is a nonrandom association of body size between
 members of mating pairs and is expected to be common in species with
 mutual preferences for body size. In this study, we investigated whether
 there is direct evidence for size-assortative mating in two species of
 pipefishes, Syngnathus floridae and S. typhle, that share the
 characteristics of male pregnancy, sex-role reversal, and a polygynandrous
 mating system. We take advantage of microsatellite-based “genetic-capture”
 techniques to match wild-caught females with female genotypes
 reconstructed from broods of pregnant males and use these data to explore
 patterns of size-assortative mating in these species. We also develop a
 simulation model to explore how positive, negative, and antagonistic
 preferences of each sex for body size affect size-assortative mating.
 Contrary to expectations, we were unable to find any evidence of
 size-assortative mating in either species at different geographic
 locations or at different sampling times. Furthermore, two traits that
 potentially confer a fitness advantage in terms of reproductive success,
 female mating order and number of eggs transferred per female, do not
 affect pairing patterns in the wild. Results from model simulations
 demonstrate that strong mating preferences are unlikely to explain the
 observed patterns of mating in the studied populations. Our study shows
 that individual mating preferences, as ascertained by laboratory-based
 mating trials, can be decoupled from realized patterns of mating in the
 wild, and therefore, field studies are also necessary to determine actual
 patterns of mate choice in nature. We conclude that this disconnect
 between preferences and assortative mating is likely due to ecological
 constraints and multiple mating that may limit mate choice in natural
 populations.
description: Assortative Mating
 Master fileData for assortative
 mating general linear model for Syngnathus typhle and S. floridae. The
 data are arranged on two separate spread sheets for each species. Sampling
 sheet has the sample location (collection: TX06 = Texas 2006; NC = North
 Carolina 2004; GS05/06 = Gaso 2005/2006), The field caught male ID (male
 ID), the standard length of males in mm (SL male), the total # of mates/
 male (mates), the total # of eggs/male (#eggs), the ID of females actually
 caught by field sampling (female ID), the parentage reconstructed female
 ID matching the genotype of field caught female (female ID reconstructed),
 the standard length of females in mm (SL female), the number of eggs per
 female (# eggs female), the mate order (1 = first female, 2 = not first
 female) and the % eggs contributed by the female (%
 eggs)AssortativeMatingFinal.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cb547fm
title: Data from: Assessing the relationship between illegal hunting of ungulates, wild prey occurrence and livestock depredation rate by large carnivores

description: 1. Illegal hunting of ungulates can reduce the prey base of carnivores,
 which can increase human-carnivore conflict (HCC) through livestock
 depredation. However, the relationship between ungulate poaching, wild
 prey abundance and livestock depredation has rarely been empirically
 studied. 2. We surveyed 18 sites across the Hyrcanian forest in northern
 Iran; a global biodiversity hotspot under pressure of illegal hunting of
 ungulates, prey depletion, livestock grazing and HCC. We conducted three
 field surveys across 1204 km in 93 4×4 km cells to count signs of ungulate
 poaching as well as encounters with livestock and prey species of the
 Persian leopard Panthera pardus saxicolor and the grey wolf Canis lupus.
 We documented sheep/goat and cattle depredation from interviews with 201
 herders and analysed the effects of illegal hunting of ungulates, forest
 cover, IUCN categories of reserves, elevation, distance to villages, and
 wild prey and livestock encounter rates on carnivore depredation rates
 using generalized linear models. 3. Illegal hunting of ungulates was the
 most influential depredation predictor. An increase in the illegal hunting
 of ungulates by one sign/km significantly increased depredation by up to
 four times. We also found significantly lower levels of ungulate poaching
 in national parks (IUCN category II) compared to protected areas (V),
 wildlife refuges (IV) and no-hunting areas, though poaching signs were
 frequently found in most cells (58%). Encounters with livestock was
 inversely linked to wild prey species, but positively coupled with signs
 of ungulate poaching. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our study reveals
 that: (i) an increase in the intensity of illegal hunting of ungulates can
 intensify livestock depredation by carnivores; (ii) future efforts in
 reducing human-carnivore conflict (HCC) to acceptable levels require a
 combination of law enforcement, prey recovery approaches and mitigation
 measures; (iii) there is an urgent need to better understand the root
 causes of poaching of ungulates to help minimize HCC.
description: Relationship between
 ungulate poaching and livestock depredation by large
 carnivoresThe data collected in
 the field, and simulated in R. Abbreviations are described in the
 code.Data_Hyrcanian
 Forest_Carnivores_Poaching_.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.93f1r
title: Data from: Iridophores and not carotenoids account for chromatic variation of carotenoid-based coloration in common lizards (Lacerta vivipara)

description: Carotenoids typically need reflective background components to shine. Such
 components, iridophores, leucophores, and keratin- and collagen-derived
 structures, are generally assumed to show no or little environmental
 variability. Here, we investigate the origin of environmentally induced
 variation in the carotenoid-based ventral coloration of male common
 lizards (Lacerta vivipara) by investigating the effects of dietary
 carotenoids and corticosterone on both carotenoid- and background-related
 reflectance. We observed a general negative chromatic change that was
 prevented by β-carotene supplementation. However, chromatic changes did
 not result from changes in carotenoid-related reflectance or skin
 carotenoid content but from changes in background-related reflectance that
 may have been mediated by vitamin A1. An in vitro experiment showed that
 the encountered chromatic changes most likely resulted from changes in
 iridophore reflectance. Our findings demonstrate that chromatic variation
 in carotenoid-based ornaments may not exclusively reflect differences in
 integumentary carotenoid content and, hence, in qualities linked to
 carotenoid deposition (e.g., foraging ability, immune response, or
 antioxidant capacity). Moreover, skin carotenoid content and
 carotenoid-related reflectance were related to male color polymorphism,
 suggesting that carotenoid-based coloration of male common lizards is a
 multicomponent signal, with iridophores reflecting environmental
 conditions and carotenoids reflecting genetically based color morphs.
description: Reflectance_and_carotenoids
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.106sd
title: Data from: The complex interplay of sex allocation and sexual selection

description: It is well recognised that sex allocation strategies can be influenced by
 sexual selection, when females adjust offspring sex ratios in response to
 their mates’ attractiveness. Yet the reciprocal influence of strategic sex
 allocation on processes of sexual selection has only recently been
 revealed. Recent theoretical work demonstrates that sex allocation weakens
 selection for female preferences, leading to the decline of male traits.
 However, these results have been derived assuming that females have
 perfect knowledge of mate attractiveness and precise control over
 cost-free allocation. Relaxing these assumptions highlights the importance
 of another feedback: that adaptive sex allocation must become difficult to
 maintain as traits and preferences decline. When sex allocation strategies
 erode not only traits and preferences but also their own selective
 advantage, predictions can no longer be expressed as a simple linear
 correlation between ornament exaggeration and adaptive sex allocation.
 Instead, strongest sex ratio biases may be found at intermediate trait
 levels.
description: Data for Booksmythe et
 al. 2012Data from
 individual-based simulation, run in MatLab. Excel file showing population
 mean values at generation 5000 of sex ratio response, male trait, and
 female preference, given the cost of sex ratio response and cost of
 preference in each population.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v466m
title: Data from: Monopolar detection thresholds predict spatial selectivity of neural excitation in cochlear implants: implications for speech recognition

description: The objectives of the study were to (1) investigate the potential of using
 monopolar psychophysical detection thresholds for estimating spatial
 selectivity of neural excitation with cochlear implants and to (2) examine
 the effect of site removal on speech recognition based on the threshold
 measure. Detection thresholds were measured in Cochlear Nucleus® device
 users using monopolar stimulation for pulse trains that were of (a) low
 rate and long duration, (b) high rate and short duration, and (c) high
 rate and long duration. Spatial selectivity of neural excitation was
 estimated by a forward-masking paradigm, where the probe threshold
 elevation in the presence of a forward masker was measured as a function
 of masker-probe separation. The strength of the correlation between the
 monopolar thresholds and the slopes of the masking patterns systematically
 reduced as neural response of the threshold stimulus involved interpulse
 interactions (refractoriness and sub-threshold adaptation), and spike-rate
 adaptation. Detection threshold for the low-rate stimulus most strongly
 correlated with the spread of forward masking patterns and the correlation
 reduced for long and high rate pulse trains. The low-rate thresholds were
 then measured for all electrodes across the array for each subject.
 Subsequently, speech recognition was tested with experimental maps that
 deactivated five stimulation sites with the highest thresholds and five
 randomly chosen ones. Performance with deactivating the high-threshold
 sites was better than performance with the subjects’ clinical map used
 every day with all electrodes active, in both quiet and background noise.
 Performance with random deactivation was on average poorer than that with
 the clinical map but the difference was not significant. These results
 suggested that the monopolar low-rate thresholds are related to the
 spatial neural excitation patterns in cochlear implant users and can be
 used to select sites for more optimal speech recognition performance.
description: PlosOne_raw_data_with_map2_results_V2There are two sheets in the data file. Sheet 1 contains raw data from Experiment 1 and sheet 2 contains raw data from Experiment 2. Sheet 1 shows the stimulation sites where data were collected for each ear, slopes of the forward masking functions, and the various detection threshold levels. Sheet 2 contains the 80-pps thresholds across the electrode array for each subject who participated in the speech recognition experiment, and speech results using subjects' clinical maps and the two experimental maps.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ht62k
title: Data from: Species-specific differences in adaptive phenotypic plasticity in an ecologically relevant trophic trait: hypertrophic lips in Midas cichlid fishes

description: The spectacular species richness of cichlids and their diversity in
 morphology, coloration, and behaviour have made them an ideal model for
 the study of speciation and adaptive evolution. Hypertrophic lips evolved
 repeatedly and independently in African and Neotropical cichlid
 radiations. Cichlids with hypertrophic lips forage predominantly in rocky
 crevices and it has been hypothesized that mechanical stress caused by
 friction could result in larger lips through phenotypic plasticity. To
 test the influence of the environment on the size and development of lips,
 we conducted a series of breeding and feeding experiments on Midas
 cichlids. Full-sibs of Amphilophus labiatus (thick-lipped) and A.
 citrinellus (thin-lipped) each were split into a control group which was
 fed food from the water column and a treatment group whose food was fixed
 to substrates. We found strong evidence for phenotypic plasticity on lip
 area in the thick-lipped species, but not in the thin-lipped species.
 Intermediate phenotypic values were observed in hybrids from thick- and
 thin-lipped species reared under “control” conditions. Thus, both a
 genetic, but also a phenotypic plastic component is involved in the
 development of hypertrophic lips in Neotropical cichlids. Moreover,
 species-specific adaptive phenotypic plasticity was found, suggesting that
 plasticity is selected for in recent thick-lipped species.
description: Raw data-Evolution
 paper- Machado-Schiaffino et al 2014DRYAD- Raw data paper
 plasticity.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f8g39
title: Data from: Evidence for genetic differentiation in timing of maturation among nine-spined stickleback populations

description: Timing of maturation is an important life-history trait that is likely to
 be subjected to strong natural selection. Although population differences
 in timing of maturation have been frequently reported in studies of wild
 animal populations, little is known about the genetic basis of this
 differentiation. Here, we investigated population and sex differences in
 timing of maturation within and between two nine-spined stickleback
 (Pungitius pungitius) populations in a laboratory breeding experiment. We
 found that fish from the high-predation marine population matured earlier
 than fish from the low-predation pond population and males matured earlier
 than females. Timing of maturation in both reciprocal hybrid crosses
 between the two populations was similar to that in the marine population,
 suggesting that early timing of maturation is a dominant trait, whereas
 delayed timing of maturation in the pond is a recessive trait. Thus, the
 observed population divergence is suggestive of strong natural selection
 against early maturation in the piscine-predator-free pond population.
description: Timing of maturation in
 nine-spined sticklebacksThe data file is from a
 common garden rearing nine-spined sticklebacks (F1 generation)of four
 types of crosses: two ‘pure’ crosses (Helsinki-Helsinki) and
 (Pyöreälampi-Pyöreälampi), and two reciprocal ‘hybrid’ crosses
 (Pyöreälampi-Helsinki) and (Helsinki-Pyöreälampi).maturation.xlsx
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18384495
title: Bibliometric Dataset: Centaur Leadership Literature (2005-2025)

description: This dataset contains 239 articles for bibliometric analysis of Centaur leadership evolution.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18384494
title: Bibliometric Dataset: Centaur Leadership Literature (2005-2025)

description: This dataset contains 239 articles for bibliometric analysis of Centaur leadership evolution.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m563r
title: Data from: Distribution of the invasive Caprella mutica Schurin, 1935 and native Caprella linearis (Linnaeus, 1767) on artificial hard substrates in the North Sea: separation by habitat

description: Studying offshore natural and artificial hard substrates in the southern
 North Sea (51ºN–57ºN/1ºW–9ºE), the invasive introduced Japanese skeleton
 shrimp Caprella mutica Schurin, 1935 was found to co-exist with the native
 Caprella linearis (Linnaeus, 1767) only on near-shore locations that had
 an intertidal zone (e.g., wind farm foundations). In contrast, on far
 offshore and strictly subtidal locations, such as shipwrecks and rocky
 reefs, only C. linearis was found. Based on these exploratory
 observations, we hypothesised that artificial structures that are only
 subtidal are inhabited exclusively by C. linearis, and never by C. mutica.
 To test this hypothesis and understand factors driving each species’
 habitat preferences, habitat suitability models were constructed using
 generalised additive models, based on samples collected in 2013–2015 from
 offshore gas platforms, buoys, shipwrecks, and rocky reefs and combined
 with data from other published and unpublished surveys (2001–2014). The
 models showed that the presence of C. mutica is explained by the
 availability of intertidal and floating hard substrates, suspended
 particulate matter density (SPM), mean annual sea surface temperature,
 salinity, and current velocity. The C. linearis model included subtidal
 hard substrates, SPM, salinity, temperature, and current velocity. The
 modelled distributions showed a significant difference, demonstrating that
 C. linearis’ habitat preference does not fully overlap with that of C.
 mutica. Thus, the native and alien Caprella species are likely to be able
 to co-exist in the North Sea.
description: DATASETCSV containing raw sampling data including date and position, among others.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1109
title: Data from: Senescence of maternal effects: aging influences egg quality and rearing capacities of a long-lived bird

description: Senescence could depress prenatal and postnatal capacities of mothers to
 invest in offspring. Longitudinal observations on the blue-footed booby
 (Sula Nebouxii) revealed a quadratic effect of female age on fledgling
 production and cohorts differences in rate of reproductive decline. By
 swapping clutches between females of different ages, we tested whether
 reproductive senescence is due to decline in egg quality or capacity to
 care. As laying mothers aged, egg size, ulna length of 5-days old chicks,
 and ulna growth of second chicks up to age 30-days declined; and as
 rearing mothers aged, ulna growth and cellular mediated immune response of
 second chicks diminished. Oddly, the number of fledglings produced by
 senescent females (&gt; 11 years) was greater rearing offspring of
 middle-aged females (8-11 years) than offspring of senescent or young
 females. Thus, senescence reduced egg quality and rearing capacities, and
 reproductive success of senescent mothers depended on prenatal effects
 associated with the age of the laying mother. Reproductive senescence of
 boobies may involve constraints on resources allocated to reproduction as
 well as adaptive adjustment of provision and care according to offspring
 value, implying that negative effects of senescence on offspring survival
 can be ameliorated by plasticity in post-laying or postnatal care.
description: Beamonte-Barrientos et
 al Data Set 1exito.rep.txtBeamonte-Barrientos et al Data Set 2mixedcrias.txt