cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1948-v2
title: Local Elections in Norway, 2003 - 2007, panel

description: The data set is derived from Statistic Norway's local election survey municipal and county council elections in 2003 and 2007, commissioned by Institute of Social Research. The purpose of the survey was to enlighten different sides of the local democracy; elections and election campaigns, political interest and participation. The survey deals with the following subjects: -Political interest -Voting in municipal, county council and national elections. -Assessment of the significance of elections -Assessment of the local democracy and local services -Municipal challenges -Municipal organisation -Information about politics -Voting for persons in municipal elections -Political participation The survey is conducted as telephone interview and self-completion forms. The variables from the telephone interview have names beginning with 'spm', whilst variables from the self-completion questionnaire have variable names starting with 'po'. To obtain knowledge about changes in the electorate, a part of the sample is derived from the gross sample of the Local Election Surveys in 1999 and 2003 respectively. These panels consists of people in the ages of 22 - 83 years. For the panel to have cross-sectional features, the real panel had to be supplied with persons from cohorts that recently had become eligible to vote during the four intermittent years. The supplementary sample is often characterized as a "false" panel. Variables that started with 'l' are derived from the Local Election Survey of 1999. Variables that are marked with '_03" under "name" are derived from the Local Election Survey of 2003.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1950-v1
title: The Impact of Pain on Behavioural Disturbances in Patients with Moderate and Severe Dementia. A Cluster Randomized Trial, 2010

description: Worldwide, 24 mill. people have dementia (70000 in Norway) with expected doubling in 30 years. The prevalence of dementia in nursing homes (NH) is 80%, often (60%-80%) combined with behavioural/psychiatric disturbances (BPSD). Additionally, about 80% of NH-patients have pain, which seems to increase BPSD. Caused by absent self-report capacity, patients are underdiagnosed,-treated for pain, often with high use of antipsychotic drugs. For patients, families, and caregivers, this burden is eminent. Study 1: Association between BPSD and pain. Cluster trial design. 1a) 240 patients (moderate/severe dementia) from 8 NHs, Bergen/Stavanger. Diagnoses by: ICD-10, DSM-IV, CT/fMRI, blood, MMSE, CDR, ADL. Outcome measures: Pain diagnoses/etiology/location/duration, MOBID-2, VRS, NRS, CMAI, NPI. 1b) Annually follow up study (mild/moderate dementia) including 200 patients from DemVest (2006-2008). Outcome measures: NRS, MOBID-2, NPI, MADRS. Study 2: Pain management effect on BPSD. Randomized rater-blinded study. Patients (study 1a) receive psychosocial care, treatment of physical, psychiatric disorders. Intervention group receive optimal analgesic based on MOBID-2. Control group without specific focus on pain. Effect measurement: CMAI, NPI, MOBID-2, MMSE, ADL. Rating of BPSD performed blind to pain measurements (baseline, week 4, 8). Study 3: fMRI study 14 communicative patients (mild/moderate dementia) and chronic pain. Control group: 14 age- and sex-matched patients with dementia without pain. Triple random staircaseprocedure with mechanical pressure on to patients` thumbnail. Study 4: Genetics of pain and dementia. About 540 patients will be tested for genetics regarding haplotypes of 25-50 candidate genes.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1951-v1
title: Identifying Molecular Targets on Cancer Stem-like Cells from Human Brain Tumours, 2013

description: The overall objective of our laboratory is to determine the biological mechanisms underlying brain tumour development and identify novel therapeutic targets that will block or reduce tumour progression. Our research group has been able to isolate two different phenotypes from human glioblastomas by orthotopic xenotransplantation in immunodeficient rats (Sakariassen et al 2006). This model provides a tool for an isolation of a highly migratory non-angiogenic phenotype that display stem cell properties. Upon serial transplantation in animals, the tumors derived from the stem cell tumors will develop angiogenesis-dependency. The transition from angiogenesis-independent growth to angiogenesis- dependency is characterized by a down-regulation of pro-invasive genes and a loss of stem cell markers. Recent observations in our laboratory have shown that the cancer stem-cell phenotype use anaerobic metabolism (glycolysis) and that these metabolic events most likely are coupled to PI3K-Akt activation. Our hypothesis, based on current knowledge, is that the cancer stem cell phenotype eventually undergo a phenotypic shift to aerobic metabolism and that this shift is epigenetically regulated. In a search for novel therapeutic targets we will perform a detail analysisof epigenetic events downstream from the PI3K-Akt pathway, especially focusing on the glycolytic pathways. We will also perform detailed proteomic analysis (iTRAQ technology) of isolated membrane fractions obtained from the two phenotypes. We have sucessfully implemented this technology and several putative targets have been identified. These will be validated in clinical material. Moreover, we have developed new animal models that will allow us to further refine the isolation of the two phenotypes described. These eGFP expressing mice will allow a clean separation of the tumor host compartment of the phenotypes described.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1952-v1
title: Writing a Wikipedia Article as Course Assignment, 2012

description: The basic idea of the proposed project consists in asking students to create quality- assured Wikipedia articles in Norwegian as part of their course assignments in higher education. The quality will be assessed and improved by the lecturers before the art icle is uploaded to Wikipedia. Writing quality-assured Wikipedia articles as student and relevant beyond the course and thus increase student interest in the course cont ent; (2) the revisions by lecturers are relevant beyond the individual student because the final text will be publicly available and are predicted to increase lecturer motivation; (3) finally, this scheme benefits society at large by having access to comprehensive high-quality information about academic topics. The funds of the pre-project will be used to prepare a proposal for the main project that will be include a fellowship for a PhD student. This preparations include pilot-testing (120 hours), literature search (30 hours), both by a research assistant (RA) and attendance of a conference by the principal investigator (PI). In the main project, we plan to assess student motivation by using an experimental design and built on our earlier research, the role of the lecturer, and the quality of the Norwegian Wikipedia. The implications of writing Wikipedia articles as course assignments are far-reaching. It provides lecturers in higher education with the opportunity to give course assignments whose relevance goes beyond the educational context. If successful and copied by others, this scheme may provide Norway with a powerful knowledge base that is free for all. Important ly, the quality assurance could improve the quality of scientific Wikipedia contents. This will benefit all those who have to rely on scientific information without having access to scientific sources, such as middle and high school students, teachers, or students in continuing education.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1953-v1
title: The Atmospheric Boundary Layer Structure and Surface-Troposphere Exchange in the Svalbard Area, 2009

description: The NERSC-IAP project capitalizes on the long-term (+15 years) experience with Russian research cooperation at NERSC. It opens a new line of cooperation with the Moscow scientific establishment. Its aim is to tighten cooperation with the leading Russian research institute in area of atmospheric physics and climatology, namely, the Obukhov Institute of the Atmospheric Physics. The Russian expertise biased the project toward new field observations in Ny Alesund at Svalbard. With such a bias, the NERSC-IAP project will be indispensible to enhance field training of Norwegian Ph.D. students and young researchers. The project scientific basis is well connected to the previous research at NERSC and IAP. The katabatic wind is essential to understand the mountain glacier meteorology of the Arctic and the impact, potentially large owing to its links to Greenland ice melt, of drainage flows. The katabatic winds are often observed but poorly simulated and the mechanisms of the wind generation and channeling are still hotly debated. Better outlook into this mechanism could be obtained only through thorough combination of the new observational studies and modeling. This approach is similar to that opted for by Sandvik and Furevik (2002) at NERSC but with the important difference related to the collection and the use of new observations from the key area of the katabatic wind generation. Russian Academy of Science has significantly contributed to development of the theory and models of the katabatic winds (e.g. Perov and Gutman, 1972; Gutman, 1983). In spite of the reduction of the research activity, IAP still holds the expertise. Besides the data collection and processing, the complementary model studies will be hold to better understand the mechanisms of the katabatic wind generation on a multitude of scales. The data includes four datasets: NSD1953-1: Humidity-pressure at 3 meters. NSD1953-2: Temperature: air temperature at 1-15 meters above sea level. NSD1953-3: Turbulence at 3 meters. NSD1953-4: Wind speed; 1-15 meter above sea level.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1954-v1
title: Gender Quotas in Public Company Boards, 2009

description: Inclusion of women in working life and business is the overall theme of the project. This is studied in relation to legislation on equal opportunities for boards of public limited companies. Legal regulation of gender representation on company boards has been the subject of public debate in Norway for more than 10 years. Legal study on the conditions for such legislation followed two governments before parliamentary resolution in 2003. The proposal was highly controversial, and was seen as another Norwegian gender equality policy invention. No other country has intervened in the recruitment of top positions in such ways. There is considerable international attention to this legal reform, and it is of great importance that such a radical measure is illuminated and documented. A broad analysis of the reform will shed light on the opportunities and constraints for policy intervention for inclusion in the workplace, gender equality policy in a broader sense, as well as giving deeper understanding of theoretical issues related to property rights and government intervention in the private spheres. This project is an umbrella over two separate groups of subprojects. The first part focuses on gender representation on company boards from the efforts of inclusion in the workplace, and also considers the possible practical effects of these measures (subprojects 1, 2, 3, 4). The second part contains the theoretical scope and deals with fundamental notions of democracy, property and political governance, based on the consensus of the political parties and the business community at a high level, interpreted on the basis of relevant political philosophy (subproject 5, 6 and 7).
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1956-v1
title: Wildfire Effects on Biochemistry of Soil and Surface Water, 2012

description: Knowledge on aquatic effects of wildfire is important, because little data exist and increased frequency of wildfire is expected as a consequence of climate change. Pyrowater will focus on major chemical and biological effects of wildfire in aquatic ecosystems. The field work was conducted in Froland, Aust-Agder, where 2600 ha burned in June 2008. Main topics to be studied: - Short end long term changes in major chemical compounds in soilwater, stream and lake water, including changes in critical loads. - Qualittative and quantitative changes in PAH by distance from the fire, based on a regional survey on PAH in soil, sediment and fish (PAH metabolites in bile). - Variations in stable sulphure isotope ratio (d34S) in precipitation, soil- and stream-water, from base flow and during high flow periods, in order to improve the knowledge a bout temporary variations in sinks and sources of SO42- in acidified ecosystems. - Qualitative and quantitative changes in phytoand zoo-plankton in lakes caused by changes in essential nutrients (base cations, N, P, S and C) - Changes in accumulation of PAH and Hg in fish as enhanced productivity and restructured aquatic food web are expected consequences of wildfire. Stable isotope analyses of carbon (d13C) and nitrogen (d15N) will be included. - Evaluate the miRNA technique as a new tool to reveal internal biological/genetic response mechanisms related to specific environmental pressures, as acid, Al rich water. A pilotstudy will be implemented on brown trout under laboratory conditions. If success, similar analyses will be performed on wild fish from the fired area
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1957-v1
title: Drama and Creative Learning Processes for Teaching Quality & Democracy, Engaged Learning and improved Learning Outcomes, 2011

description: Drama in reading and writing education - a pilot The pre- project will end up with an application to PRAKUT for the November deadline. The primary goal for the main project is to create new understanding on how teachers can use creative process drama strategies to improve students' engaged reading and writing, develop their reading, writing and grammar skills and competences, improve their engagement in democratic verbal activities and as a possible consequence of this strengthen teaching quality and democracy and improve students' total learning outco me. The main project also includes developing new knowledge on needed teacher knowledge and competences for teaching through democratic, creative and aesthetic drama process genres to promote engaged learning. The pre-project and the main project imply collaboration between researchers at University of Stavanger. In addition researchers from at least two University Colleges in Norway and international researchers from New Zealand, Iceland and England (already decided) and eventually Hungary, Poland or Check R. The theoretical approach will be based on pragmatic & democratic aesthetic, constructivistic and socio-cultural learning approaches to learning and theory on engaged reading and writing. In total the main project will includes methods based on classroom and field research, comparative studies, experimental designs and a broad methodological approach. A very important goal for the pre-project, besides the elaboration of the content and methodology, will be to create a learning community between the national and international researchers to be able to expand the knowledge base for quality in education. Another important goal for the pre-project will be to establish a home page for the project (including results from KUPP and PRAKSISFOU for the project I was the leader for) to be able to communicate interesting findings, results and teaching resources from the very beginning of the project.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1958-v1
title: Why Rape? Perpetrators, Punishment and Social Narratives. A Study of Sexual Violence Offenders from the Former Yugoslav Wars, 2012

description: The focus in this project was to study the male perpetration of sexual violence in war. The focus was on the male perpetrators themselves and how they view their actions in hindsight and in light of their punishment. In addition, the project focused on the ways in which male perpetrators of sexual violence were situated and perceived within a supranational legal context and the perpetrators' reasoning for committing acts of sexual violence in the war setting. The empirical focus was on male perpetrators of sexual violence during the Bosnian war from 1992-1995. The overarching aim was to classify a body of empirical data - primarily court records and interviews in light of current social psychological theories. In order to study this theme, it was imperative to consider how social narratives and individual identity construction interact with the discourses of gender and memories of the Bosnian war. The primary research methods were literature studies and interviews. The project investigated: - The ways in which crimes of sexual violence are narrated within the ICTY documentations on sexual violence crimes and its offenders; - The ways in which legal experts, and others working at the ICTY, have experienced working with sexual violence male offenders within a supranational criminal context; - How a group of men sentenced for sexual violence within the ICTY regard their actionsand punishment after having received their sentences.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1958-v2
title: Why Rape? Perpetrators, Punishment and Social Narratives. A Study of Sexual Violence Offenders from the Former Yugoslav Wars, 2012

description: The focus in this project was to study the male perpetration of sexual violence in war. The focus was on the male perpetrators themselves and how they view their actions in hindsight and in light of their punishment. In addition, the project focused on the ways in which male perpetrators of sexual violence were situated and perceived within a supranational legal context and the perpetrators' reasoning for committing acts of sexual violence in the war setting. The empirical focus was on male perpetrators of sexual violence during the Bosnian war from 1992-1995. The overarching aim was to classify a body of empirical data - primarily court records and interviews in light of current social psychological theories. In order to study this theme, it was imperative to consider how social narratives and individual identity construction interact with the discourses of gender and memories of the Bosnian war. The primary research methods were literature studies and interviews. 

The project investigated:
- The ways in which crimes of sexual violence are narrated within the ICTY documentations on sexual violence crimes and its offenders;
- The ways in which legal experts, and others working at the ICTY, have experienced working with sexual violence male offenders within a supranational criminal context;
- How a group of men sentenced for sexual violence within the ICTY regard their actionsand punishment after having received their sentences.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1959-v1
title: Automation of Drilling Processes in the Petroleum Industry: Consequences for Occupational Health and Safety, 2011

description: Technological innovations and increased automation are necessary in order to realize the remaining value on the Norwegian continental shelf. The trend towards deepwater and subsea operations, and more challenging wells, requires new technologies and work processes. New technology renders possible real-time advisory systems for the driller, and also automated operations safeguarding against human errors. At the same time, automating drilling processes may produce several challenges for occupational health, safety and environment (HSE) offshore. In this research proposal we focus on these challenges and how they may occur and how we can solve them in a best possible way. Automation can be defined as the full or partial replacement of a function previously carried out by the human operator. There is an extensive amount of research on automation consequences in several industries, which has found that automation can have both beneficial and negative effects on human performance. However, we find a lack of research on HSE issues regarding automation in the petroleum industry. An emphasis on human-automation interaction when considering aspects of occupational health and safety of automation of drilling processes in the petroleum industry is thus necessary as automation changes operator functional requirements, and consequently often imposes new coordination and monitoring demands of the operator of the technology. Based on this acknowledgement, the main objective of this project is to throw light on the interaction between human operators and automation systems in drilling operations. Hence, occupational health and safety? We aim at applying both explorative and experimental methodological approaches in answering this research question.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1960-v1
title: The 2009 Norwegian Sámi Parliamentary Election Study

description: The 2009 Norwegian Sámi Parliamentary Election Study includes party preference, political interest, trust in various political institutions, attitudes to Sami political concerns and sources of information about the Sami elections. This is partly questions taken from Norwegian and international election research, but adapted to a Sami context. Additionaly the usual explanatory factors of election research is included, such as gender, age, education and place of residence, but also associated with a sami environment and the use of the Sami language.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd1961-v1
title: Effects of Climate Change on Soil Microarthropod Diversity and Ecological Function, 2011

description: The arctic region is currently facing great environmental changes of greenhouse-gas warming, with likely strong consequences for structure of plant and animal communities and ecosystem processes. The rates of the biological processes are mediated by temperature, season length, temporal and spatial distribution of snow and water conditions, i.e. factors predicted to undergo strong changes. At the same time, decomposition processes are moderated by the organisms themselves. Microbes and soil fauna use litter and soil organic matter as energy, carbon and nutrient sources for biomass production and for their metabolic functions. Climatic changes may both directly and indirectly facilitate an increase in the mineralisation of soil organic matter by microbes and microarthropods, which again may lead to increased nutrient availability. It is essential to reveal the diversity of species, species and population densities, life cycles, population dynamics and turnover in microarthopod communities to understand the effects on the decomposition processes. Experimental sites for investigation of effects of environmental changes on biological and physiological processes have been set up at Zackenberg, Greenland, and Abisko, Sweden. Here, intensive investigations of biological and biogeochemical effects of changed environmental conditions have been carried out. The ability of soil organisms to adapt to a changing environment will determine their response to climatic manipulations. The proposed research will be complementary to the ongoing research, and the role of the microarthropods in the system will be elucidated. Sampling will take place in existing field plots, in addition to establishing new field experiments specifically designed for this project. The main effortwill be on functional aspects on ecosystem level of processes, and interactions at the level of the microarthropods, studied by experimental perturbations within the ecosystems, and by laboratory studies.