cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124529.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Markers CD40, VEGF, AKT, PI3K, and S100 Correlate with Tumor Stage in Gastric Cancer

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>To better understand gastric cancer occurrence and prognosis, we explored the expression of molecules in the CD40 pathway and their correlation with gastric cancer prognosis. <b><i>Patients and Methods: </i></b>We measured the expression of CD40, VEGF, AKT, PI3K, and S100 in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues from 128 patients by immunohistochemistry. <b><i>Results: </i></b>The expression of CD40, VEGF, AKT, and PI3K were significantly higher in tumor tissue than in normal tissue, while S100 expression in dendritic cells (DC) was lower. Expression of CD40, VEGF, AKT, and PI3K significantly increased with T stage, while S100 expression decreased with T stage. Lymph node metastasis was associated with low or negative S100 expression. PI3K expression increased with clinical stage, while negative S100 expression was associated with higher clinical stages. Multivariate analysis did not indicate significant associations between any of these markers and recurrence or mortality. <b><i>Conclusion: </i></b>The correlation between T stage of gastric cancer and the higher expression of CD40, VEGF, AKT, and PI3K, along with lower S100 expression in DC, may provide insights into future targets for more effective immunotherapy for cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124508
title: Supplementary Material for: Sensitivity of Blood Volume Monitoring for Fluid Status Assessment in Hemodialysis Patients

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> This study investigates the use of blood volume monitoring (BVM) markers for the assessment of fluid status. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Predialysis fluid overload (FO) and BVM data were collected in 55 chronic hemodialysis patients in 317 treatments. Predialysis FO was measured using bioimpedance spectroscopy. The slope of the intravascular volume decrease over time normalized by ultrafiltration rate (Slope4h) was used as the primary BVM marker and compared against FO. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Average relative blood volume curves were well separated in different FO groups between 0 and 5 liters. Receiver-operating characteristics analysis revealed that the sensitivity of BVM was moderate in median FO ranges between 1 and 3 liters (AUC 0.60-0.65), slightly higher for volume depletion of FO &lt;1 liter (AUC 0.7) and highest for excess fluid of FO &gt;3 liters (AUC 0.85). <b><i>Conclusion</i></b>: Devices that monitor blood volume are well suited to detect high FO, but are not as sensitive at moderate or low levels of fluid status.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124511
title: Supplementary Material for: Predictors of Success for Smoking Cessation at the Workplace: A Longitudinal Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The effectiveness of worksite interventions to reduce smoking is debatable. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> A<b> </b>comprehensive smoking cessation intervention was implemented in a community of more than 17,000 employees at three different health care companies. The primary endpoint was abstinence at 24 months (self-reported and confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide ≤6 parts per million). Predictors of long-term abstinence were analysed by multivariable regression analysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The study was designed as an investigator-initiated and investigator-driven, open, multicentre, cohort study; 887 smokers<b> </b>were enrolled in the programme. The intervention included intensive individual counselling as well as nicotine replacement and/or bupropion according to individual preferences. Re-interventions for relapse were offered during the 24-month follow-up. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The abstinence rate was 37% at 24 months and did not differ among the various medication groups (p &gt; 0.05 for all). Predictors of successful cessation were higher age (odds ratio, OR 1.47, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.08-2.00, p &lt; 0.01), breathlessness on exertion (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.1-4.9, p = 0.03), and a higher educational level (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.06-3.09, p = 0.03). Higher Fagerström (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59-0.97, p &lt; 0.01) and craving scores (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.63-0.89, p &lt; 0.01), chronic sputum production (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.87, p = 0.01) and use of antidepressants (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.91, p = 0.02) were associated with ongoing smoking. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> A<b> </b>comprehensive smoking cessation intervention at the workplace achieves high, stable, long-term abstinence rates. Elderly, well-educated employees with breathlessness on exertion have higher odds of quitting smoking. In contrast, those with high physical dependency and more intense craving, and those reporting use of antidepressant medication or sputum production have poorer chances to quit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124505
title: Supplementary Material for: Empathie: neurowissenschaftliche Grundlagen, klinische Implikationen und offene Fragestellungen

description: Empathie ist als Therapeutenvariable wichtiger Untersuchungsgegenstand der Psychotherapieforschung. Zugleich ist das Empathievermögen jedoch auch eine Patientenvariable, die den Behandlungserfolg beeinflussen kann. Als Bestandteil klinischer Symptomatik ist ein verändertes Empathieerleben bisher wenig im Fokus klinisch-psychologischer Forschung. Meist werden Konzepte wie Perspektivenübernahme / «Theory of Mind», Emotionsregulation und Alexithymie untersucht, nicht aber Empathie selbst. Der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel hat zum Ziel, Erkenntnisse der Neurowissenschaften in Bezug auf Empathie zusammenzufassen und störungsspezifisch verändertes Empathieerleben aufzuzeigen. Weiterhin sollen diese für die Psychotherapie nutzbar gemacht werden, um neue Ansatzpunkte für psychotherapeutische Interventionen zu generieren.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124517
title: Supplementary Material for: Immunohistochemical Localization and Characterization of Putative Mesenchymal Stem Cell Markers in the Retinal Capillary Network of Rodents

description: Perivascular cells of microvascular niches are the prime candidates for being a reservoire of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells in many tissues and organs that could serve as a potential source of cells and a target of novel cell-based therapeutic approaches. In the present study, by utilising typical markers of pericytes (neuronal-glial antigen 2, NG2, a chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan) and those of MSCs (CD146 and CD105) and primitive pluripotent cells (sex-determining region Y-box 2, Sox2), the phenotypic traits and the distribution of murine and rat retinal perivascular cells were investigated in situ. Our findings indicate that retinal microvessels of juvenile rodents are highly covered by NG2-positive branching processes of pericytic (perivascular) cells that are less prominent in mature capillary networks of the adult retina. In the adult rodent retinal vascular bed, NG2 labeling is mainly confined to membranes of the cell body resulting in a pearl-chain-like distribution along the vessels. Retinal pericytes, which were identified by their morphology and NG2 expression, simultaneously express CD146. Furthermore, CD146-positive cells located at small arteriole-to-capillary branching points appear more intensely stained than elsewhere. Evidence for a differential expression of the two markers around capillaries that would hint at a clonal heterogeneity among pericytic cells, however, is lacking. In contrast, the expression of CD105 is exclusively restricted to vascular endothelial cells and Sox2 is detected neither in perivascular nor in endothelial cells. In dissociated retinal cultures, however, simultaneous expression of NG2 and CD105 was observed. Collectively, our data indicate that vascular wall resident retinal pericytes share some phenotypic features (i.e. CD146 expression) with archetypal MSCs, which is even more striking in dissociated retinal cultures (i.e. CD105 expression). These findings might have implications for the treatment of retinal pathologies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124502
title: Supplementary Material for: The Relation of Uric Acid to Brain Atrophy and Cognition: The Rotterdam Scan Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Uric acid has been associated with focal vascular brain disease. However, it is unknown whether uric acid also relates to global brain changes such as brain atrophy. We therefore studied the relation of uric acid to brain atrophy and whether this is accompanied by worse cognitive function. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In 814 persons of the population-based Rotterdam Study (mean age 62.0 years), we studied the relation of uric acid levels to brain tissue atrophy and cognition using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex and putative confounders. Brain atrophy was assessed using automated processing of magnetic resonance imaging. Cognition was assessed using a validated neuropsychological test battery and we computed compound scores of cognitive domains. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Higher uric acid levels were associated with white matter atrophy [difference in Z-score of white matter volume per standard deviation increase in uric acid: -0.07 (95% CI: -0.12; -0.01)], but not with gray matter atrophy. This was particularly marked when comparing hyperuricemic to normouricemic persons [Z-score difference: -0.27 (-0.43; -0.11)]. Worse cognition was primarily found in persons with hyperuricemia [-0.28 (-0.48; -0.08)]. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Hyperuricemia is related to white matter atrophy and worse cognition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124505.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Empathie: neurowissenschaftliche Grundlagen, klinische Implikationen und offene Fragestellungen

description: Empathie ist als Therapeutenvariable wichtiger Untersuchungsgegenstand der Psychotherapieforschung. Zugleich ist das Empathievermögen jedoch auch eine Patientenvariable, die den Behandlungserfolg beeinflussen kann. Als Bestandteil klinischer Symptomatik ist ein verändertes Empathieerleben bisher wenig im Fokus klinisch-psychologischer Forschung. Meist werden Konzepte wie Perspektivenübernahme / «Theory of Mind», Emotionsregulation und Alexithymie untersucht, nicht aber Empathie selbst. Der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel hat zum Ziel, Erkenntnisse der Neurowissenschaften in Bezug auf Empathie zusammenzufassen und störungsspezifisch verändertes Empathieerleben aufzuzeigen. Weiterhin sollen diese für die Psychotherapie nutzbar gemacht werden, um neue Ansatzpunkte für psychotherapeutische Interventionen zu generieren.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124511.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Predictors of Success for Smoking Cessation at the Workplace: A Longitudinal Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The effectiveness of worksite interventions to reduce smoking is debatable. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> A<b> </b>comprehensive smoking cessation intervention was implemented in a community of more than 17,000 employees at three different health care companies. The primary endpoint was abstinence at 24 months (self-reported and confirmed by exhaled carbon monoxide ≤6 parts per million). Predictors of long-term abstinence were analysed by multivariable regression analysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The study was designed as an investigator-initiated and investigator-driven, open, multicentre, cohort study; 887 smokers<b> </b>were enrolled in the programme. The intervention included intensive individual counselling as well as nicotine replacement and/or bupropion according to individual preferences. Re-interventions for relapse were offered during the 24-month follow-up. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The abstinence rate was 37% at 24 months and did not differ among the various medication groups (p &gt; 0.05 for all). Predictors of successful cessation were higher age (odds ratio, OR 1.47, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.08-2.00, p &lt; 0.01), breathlessness on exertion (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.1-4.9, p = 0.03), and a higher educational level (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.06-3.09, p = 0.03). Higher Fagerström (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.59-0.97, p &lt; 0.01) and craving scores (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.63-0.89, p &lt; 0.01), chronic sputum production (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.87, p = 0.01) and use of antidepressants (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.91, p = 0.02) were associated with ongoing smoking. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> A<b> </b>comprehensive smoking cessation intervention at the workplace achieves high, stable, long-term abstinence rates. Elderly, well-educated employees with breathlessness on exertion have higher odds of quitting smoking. In contrast, those with high physical dependency and more intense craving, and those reporting use of antidepressant medication or sputum production have poorer chances to quit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124490
title: Supplementary Material for: Immunological Biomarkers Improve the Accuracy of Clinical Risk Models of Infection in the Acute Phase of Ischemic Stroke

description: Infection is an independent risk factor for adverse outcome in stroke patients. The risk of developing an infection in this setting is partly related to a stroke-induced immunodepression, in which a shift to a predominant Th2 (immunosuppressive) phenotype has been postulated to play a major role. Our aim was to study whether clinical variables or changes in plasma cytokine expression can predict poststroke infections. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> Medical records of 92 stroke patients were reviewed, and the baseline concentration of cytokines from the Th1/Th2 system was determined. Clinical and serological predictors of incident infections and their prognostic significance were sought by means of univariate and multivariate analysis, and two predictive models for developing an infection were constructed by combining independent predictors (strictly clinical in one, and both clinical and serological in the other) for this outcome. The improvement conferred by the addition of immunological markers to the clinical model was assessed by comparing their respective ROC curves and by improvement (Net Reclassification Index and Integrated Discriminator Improvement) analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Nineteen patients (20.7% of the study sample) developed an infection. Ongoing antiplatelet therapy at symptom onset (OR 0.02, 95% CI 0.001-0.23, p = 0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR 9.96, 95% CI 1.32-75.29, p = 0.03), IL-13 level &lt;33 pg/ml (OR 84.16, 95% CI 2.53-2795.18, p = 0.01) and interferon-γ level &gt;8.4 pg/ml (OR 60.17, 95% CI 1.78-2037.23, p = 0.02) were independently associated with the development of infections during hospital admission. The combined regression model predicted infection with an accuracy of 93.4%, an improvement in the predictive capacity of 17% (p &lt; 0.001). Infection was associated with a worse neurological status at hospital discharge (median NIHSS score 11 (6-18) vs. 4 (1-11.5), p = 0.014). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study shows that bloodstream biomarkers are useful to improve the accuracy of clinical prognostic models for infection in the acute phase of stroke. The clinical predictors of infection in the acute phase of stroke are relatively well established in the medical literature, but further research to identify the optimal combination of biomarkers (possibly inflammatory and stress markers) to be included in a clinically useful model is needed. Such a model could be subsequently used in clinical trials to assess the effect of prophylactic and/or early antibiotic therapy in this setting, a currently controversial issue in this field.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124493
title: Supplementary Material for: Renal Failure in Dementia with Lewy Bodies Presenting as Catatonia

description: Catatonia, originally described by Karl Kahlbaum in 1874, may be regarded as a set of clinical features found in a subtype of schizophrenia, but the syndrome may also stem from organic causes including vascular parkinsonism, brain masses, globus pallidus lesions, metabolic derangements, and pharmacologic agents, especially first generation antipsychotics. Catatonia may include paratonia, waxy flexibility (cerea flexibilitas), stupor, mutism, echolalia, and catalepsy (abnormal posturing). A case of catatonia as a result of acute renal failure in a patient with dementia with Lewy bodies is described. This patient recovered after intravenous fluid administration and reinstitution of the atypical dopamine receptor blocking agent quetiapine, but benzodiazepines and amantadine are additional possible treatments. Recognition of organic causes of catatonia leads to timely treatment and resolution of the syndrome.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124487
title: Supplementary Material for: Quantitative Profiling and Identification of Plasma Proteins of Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 Patients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal-dominant hereditary ataxia characterized by progressive gait and limb ataxia, dysarthria, slow saccades, neuropathy and dementia. The expansion of trinucleotide CAG repeats in the coding region of the <i>ATXN-2</i> gene leads to expanded polyglutamine stretch in the mutated protein which causes neuronal death. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> In this study, we investigated the blood plasma of SCA2 patients to find protein biomarkers. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty-two ataxia patients clinically suspected for SCA2 were evaluated by the International Co-operative Ataxia Rating Scale followed by genetic analysis using PCR. Plasma proteomics of SCA2 patients and age- and gender-matched healthy controls was done using 2D-difference in-gel electrophoresis, LC-MS/MS and Western blot. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Genetic analysis confirmed 10 of 32 suspected SCA2 patients. Proteomic data revealed nine differentially expressed proteins in SCA2. These proteins find good association with oxidative stress, calcium-dependent apoptosis, neuropathy, and cognitive impairment in SCA2 patients. Interestingly, the elevated levels of the voltage-dependent calcium channel γ-3 subunit showed a direct correlation with calcium-generated apoptosis of Purkinje cells. The cognitive deficit, a common symptom in SCA2 patients, seems to correlate with decreased levels of transthyretin and retinol-binding protein-4. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Some of these identified proteins in SCA2 can be useful for therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124493.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Renal Failure in Dementia with Lewy Bodies Presenting as Catatonia

description: Catatonia, originally described by Karl Kahlbaum in 1874, may be regarded as a set of clinical features found in a subtype of schizophrenia, but the syndrome may also stem from organic causes including vascular parkinsonism, brain masses, globus pallidus lesions, metabolic derangements, and pharmacologic agents, especially first generation antipsychotics. Catatonia may include paratonia, waxy flexibility (cerea flexibilitas), stupor, mutism, echolalia, and catalepsy (abnormal posturing). A case of catatonia as a result of acute renal failure in a patient with dementia with Lewy bodies is described. This patient recovered after intravenous fluid administration and reinstitution of the atypical dopamine receptor blocking agent quetiapine, but benzodiazepines and amantadine are additional possible treatments. Recognition of organic causes of catatonia leads to timely treatment and resolution of the syndrome.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124496
title: Supplementary Material for: White Matter Hyperintensities and Functional Outcomes at 2 Weeks and 1 Year after Stroke

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Many stroke survivors remain at a functionally disabled state. Early prediction of functional outcome is an important step in the treatment and care of stroke patients. Brain imaging measures have received particular attention as one of the predictors of stroke outcomes. However, the associations between white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and post-stroke recovery have been controversial. This study aimed to investigate whether deep and periventricular WMHs (DWMHs and PVWMHs, respectively) were associated with functional outcomes at 2 weeks and 1 year after stroke separately and interactively. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 408 patients were evaluated at the time of admission and 2 weeks after stroke, and 284 (78%) were followed 1 year later in order to evaluate consequences of stroke at both acute and chronic stages. Stroke outcomes were dichotomized into good and poor by applying a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score cutoff of 1 (no significant disability)/2 (slight disability). Measures of stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale: NIHSS), physical disability (Barthel Index: BI), and cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination: MMSE) were administered. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at admission. DWMHs and PVWMHs were rated visually on axial FLAIR images using the 4-point modified Fazeka’s scale and categorized into mild (grades 0 and 1) or severe (grades 2 and 3). The demographic and clinical covariates of age, gender, years of education, previous history of stroke, depression, stroke location, and vascular risk factors were obtained. Associations of WMHs with stroke outcomes (mRS) and other measures (NIHSS, BI, and MMSE) at 2 weeks and at 1 year after stroke were investigated using logistic regression and repeated measures ANOVA after adjustment for the potential covariates. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Severe PVWMHs, but not severe DWMHs, were significantly associated with worse outcomes both at 2 weeks and at 1 year after stroke. Furthermore, significant interactive effects of PVWMHs and DWMHs on poor outcomes were found. Significant PVWMH group by time interactions on NIHSS and BI scores, and significant group effects of both DWMHs and PVWMHs on MMSE score were found. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PVWMHs predicted poorer functional outcomes after stroke both in the acute and chronic phases, independently and interactively with DWMHs. In addition, PVWMHs were independently associated with worsening of stroke severity and physical disability. More careful evaluation and management of stroke patients with a high risk of functional dependence are indicated. Overall, PVWMH might be a prognostic marker of short- and long-term stroke outcomes.