cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5670871
title: Ethical Conflicts Experienced by Medical Students

description: ABSTRACT The current study aimed to identify and analyze the prevalence of ethical conflicts experienced by medical students. This study is a cross-sectional and analytical research that was conducted in a public school in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The instrument used for the data collection was a self-administered questionnaire. The data collected were presented in absolute and percentage values. For the analytical statistical treatment of the data, the level of significance was considered p &lt;0.05. The outcome variables were: Experiences of ethical conflicts in interpersonal relations within the medical course and Ethical conduct in health care. The identification of the prevalence of ethical conflicts in the undergraduate program adopted the perspective of different interpersonal relations (academic-teaching, academic-academic, academic-employee, academic-patient, teacher-teacher, teacher-patient, teacher-employee and employee-patient). (Importance of identifying themselves to the health services user and requesting consent to perform the physical examination, assistance without the supervision of the teacher, issuance of health documents without the signature of the professional responsible and use of social networks to share data Of patient). It was verified the association of the outcome variables with sex, year of graduation and course evaluation. A total of 281 undergraduate students enrolled in all undergraduate courses in Medicine of both sexes, with a predominance of female (52.7%). The students reported having experienced conflicting situations in interpersonal relations with teachers (59.6%), provided assistance without proper supervision of a teacher (62.6%), reported having issued health documents without the accompaniment of teachers (18, 5%). The highest frequency was observed among those enrolled in the most advanced years of the undergraduate program (p &lt;0.05). The use of social networks for the purpose of sharing patient data (25.1%) was prevalent in the most advanced years of medical graduation and among those who evaluated the course as regular (p &lt;0.05). It is concluded that undergraduate medical students experienced ethical conflicts during their medical training, with a prevalence of conflicts in the advanced years of the course. From this perspective, it is necessary to provide a space for discussion and collective reflection on the ethical problems experienced by students, during their graduation in Medicine, in order to build a professional ethical practice.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5670871.v1
title: Ethical Conflicts Experienced by Medical Students

description: ABSTRACT The current study aimed to identify and analyze the prevalence of ethical conflicts experienced by medical students. This study is a cross-sectional and analytical research that was conducted in a public school in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The instrument used for the data collection was a self-administered questionnaire. The data collected were presented in absolute and percentage values. For the analytical statistical treatment of the data, the level of significance was considered p &lt;0.05. The outcome variables were: Experiences of ethical conflicts in interpersonal relations within the medical course and Ethical conduct in health care. The identification of the prevalence of ethical conflicts in the undergraduate program adopted the perspective of different interpersonal relations (academic-teaching, academic-academic, academic-employee, academic-patient, teacher-teacher, teacher-patient, teacher-employee and employee-patient). (Importance of identifying themselves to the health services user and requesting consent to perform the physical examination, assistance without the supervision of the teacher, issuance of health documents without the signature of the professional responsible and use of social networks to share data Of patient). It was verified the association of the outcome variables with sex, year of graduation and course evaluation. A total of 281 undergraduate students enrolled in all undergraduate courses in Medicine of both sexes, with a predominance of female (52.7%). The students reported having experienced conflicting situations in interpersonal relations with teachers (59.6%), provided assistance without proper supervision of a teacher (62.6%), reported having issued health documents without the accompaniment of teachers (18, 5%). The highest frequency was observed among those enrolled in the most advanced years of the undergraduate program (p &lt;0.05). The use of social networks for the purpose of sharing patient data (25.1%) was prevalent in the most advanced years of medical graduation and among those who evaluated the course as regular (p &lt;0.05). It is concluded that undergraduate medical students experienced ethical conflicts during their medical training, with a prevalence of conflicts in the advanced years of the course. From this perspective, it is necessary to provide a space for discussion and collective reflection on the ethical problems experienced by students, during their graduation in Medicine, in order to build a professional ethical practice.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273121
title: The Motivational Case as an Integrative Problem-Solving Strategy in Oncology Medical Teaching

description: ABSTRACT The motivational case, also called a problem situation or case study, is a student-focused learning method that involves problem solving, with the aim of assessing students’ prior knowledge about a presented situation and identifying the learning needs, building new meaning and knowledge, and developing specific self-learning skills. Strategically, it involves the inclusion of social materials (text, audio, printed documents, videos) in the course for analysis and discussion, in order to provide a background context for the theoretical content being taught. It is a very useful tool for teaching basic and preclinical subjects in health care, leading the student through day-to-day situations that they will encounter in their future professional careers. The students’ processes of reflection and discussion of the motivational cases enable a contrast to be made between common sense and academic judgment, which creates motivational movement through the flow of practice and reality to the theoretical content being taught, and the opportunity to generate dilemmas, opinions, comparisons and controversies during the work, mediated by the teacher. Thus, it allows future skills and abilities to be discussed and anticipated, as well as providing new theoretical and practical dimensions, sometimes unforeseen. It is, therefore, an opportunity for the student to create the perspective of practice, while the theoretical content of the subject is being learned. It is a more versatile investigative methodology than PBL (Problem Based Learning) as it can be inserted within a traditional course (Lecture Based Teaching) and is not necessarily the sole teaching strategy. Our aim in this work is to report our experience of the construction, implementation and assessment of two motivational cases designed for fourth year students of the theoretical Oncology course of Botucatu Medical School (Unesp). The motivational cases were built from news media and applied to a class of twenty-seven students, divided into two groups. The first discussion session took place at the start of the course and the second session took place at the end of the course, when the students presented their final work in the form of a seminar. The motivational cases were concluded at the end of the course, through a participatory class on “Cancer Prognosis”, a theme that was common to the two motivational cases. Based on this experience, we conclude that the use of the motivational case as a pedagogical tool gives students a better understanding of the social reality, enabling them to build knowledge networks, and turning them into active subjects of the learning process, without sacrificing the depth and specificity that medical students need to develop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273121.v1
title: The Motivational Case as an Integrative Problem-Solving Strategy in Oncology Medical Teaching

description: ABSTRACT The motivational case, also called a problem situation or case study, is a student-focused learning method that involves problem solving, with the aim of assessing students’ prior knowledge about a presented situation and identifying the learning needs, building new meaning and knowledge, and developing specific self-learning skills. Strategically, it involves the inclusion of social materials (text, audio, printed documents, videos) in the course for analysis and discussion, in order to provide a background context for the theoretical content being taught. It is a very useful tool for teaching basic and preclinical subjects in health care, leading the student through day-to-day situations that they will encounter in their future professional careers. The students’ processes of reflection and discussion of the motivational cases enable a contrast to be made between common sense and academic judgment, which creates motivational movement through the flow of practice and reality to the theoretical content being taught, and the opportunity to generate dilemmas, opinions, comparisons and controversies during the work, mediated by the teacher. Thus, it allows future skills and abilities to be discussed and anticipated, as well as providing new theoretical and practical dimensions, sometimes unforeseen. It is, therefore, an opportunity for the student to create the perspective of practice, while the theoretical content of the subject is being learned. It is a more versatile investigative methodology than PBL (Problem Based Learning) as it can be inserted within a traditional course (Lecture Based Teaching) and is not necessarily the sole teaching strategy. Our aim in this work is to report our experience of the construction, implementation and assessment of two motivational cases designed for fourth year students of the theoretical Oncology course of Botucatu Medical School (Unesp). The motivational cases were built from news media and applied to a class of twenty-seven students, divided into two groups. The first discussion session took place at the start of the course and the second session took place at the end of the course, when the students presented their final work in the form of a seminar. The motivational cases were concluded at the end of the course, through a participatory class on “Cancer Prognosis”, a theme that was common to the two motivational cases. Based on this experience, we conclude that the use of the motivational case as a pedagogical tool gives students a better understanding of the social reality, enabling them to build knowledge networks, and turning them into active subjects of the learning process, without sacrificing the depth and specificity that medical students need to develop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7941617
title: Validity and Reliability of the Portuguese-Language Version of the Maastricht Clinical Teaching Questionnaire

description: ABSTRACT Introduction In clinical learning scenarios, preceptors should mediate between the knowledge students already possess and the knowledge they need to acquire, integrating theory and practice into the patient care context. In order to make this possible, we must train preceptors and develop instruments for evaluating their performance as educators. In 2008, the Maastricht Clinical Teaching Questionnaire (MCTQ) was developed in the Netherlands with the purpose of enabling students to evaluate their preceptors, in order to provide preceptors with feedback regarding their teaching skills and the supervision provided by them during the internship period. Validating an instrument that has been translated is important and valuable, because it enables certain phenomena to be evaluated and investigated in different countries. Objective To validate the Portuguese-language version of the MCTQ. Methodology This is an instrument validation study, with research carried out in four different hospitals in the Northeast Region of Brazil. It applied the Portuguese-language version of the MCTQ to a non-probability sample composed of 246 fifth- and sixth-year students of Medicine from four different institutions in the state of Pernambuco. Kappa values were used to evaluate the validity of the construct, and reliability was measured using standardized Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The reproducibility level of the MCTQ was calculated using the Student’s t-test for repeated measures, comparing test and re-test values. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde. Results The kappa index was between 0.527 and 0.71, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was between 0.77 and 0.954, demonstrating that the instrument has good levels of agreement and internal consistency, respectively. With respect to reproducibility, all coefficient correlation values found were significant and showed good magnitude (≥0.72). Conclusion The Portuguese-language version of the MCTQ proved to be reliable and valid for use in Portuguese-language settings, and can be useful as an instrument for promoting pedagogical improvements in undergraduate and graduate courses, especially in health sciences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7941617.v1
title: Validity and Reliability of the Portuguese-Language Version of the Maastricht Clinical Teaching Questionnaire

description: ABSTRACT Introduction In clinical learning scenarios, preceptors should mediate between the knowledge students already possess and the knowledge they need to acquire, integrating theory and practice into the patient care context. In order to make this possible, we must train preceptors and develop instruments for evaluating their performance as educators. In 2008, the Maastricht Clinical Teaching Questionnaire (MCTQ) was developed in the Netherlands with the purpose of enabling students to evaluate their preceptors, in order to provide preceptors with feedback regarding their teaching skills and the supervision provided by them during the internship period. Validating an instrument that has been translated is important and valuable, because it enables certain phenomena to be evaluated and investigated in different countries. Objective To validate the Portuguese-language version of the MCTQ. Methodology This is an instrument validation study, with research carried out in four different hospitals in the Northeast Region of Brazil. It applied the Portuguese-language version of the MCTQ to a non-probability sample composed of 246 fifth- and sixth-year students of Medicine from four different institutions in the state of Pernambuco. Kappa values were used to evaluate the validity of the construct, and reliability was measured using standardized Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The reproducibility level of the MCTQ was calculated using the Student’s t-test for repeated measures, comparing test and re-test values. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde. Results The kappa index was between 0.527 and 0.71, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was between 0.77 and 0.954, demonstrating that the instrument has good levels of agreement and internal consistency, respectively. With respect to reproducibility, all coefficient correlation values found were significant and showed good magnitude (≥0.72). Conclusion The Portuguese-language version of the MCTQ proved to be reliable and valid for use in Portuguese-language settings, and can be useful as an instrument for promoting pedagogical improvements in undergraduate and graduate courses, especially in health sciences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8195198
title: Emotional Responses of Doctors to the Affective Stimuli from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS)

description: ABSTRACT The emotions of doctors play an important role in their relationship with the patient as they can interfere with their attitudes, perceptions and in judgment and decision processes. The objective of the research was to analyze the emotional response of doctors to the stimuli of the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). This study used a quantitative method and evaluated 30 male and female doctors of various specialties, who dedicated all or some of their working hours to clinical care, had at least two years of experience after conclusion of medical residency and worked in conventional medicine (medical clinic). The instruments used for the analysis were: sociodemographic questionnaire to analyze the variables; the IAPS, composed of affective images capable of inducing emotional states and the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) to classify responses through two scales: pleasure and arousal. The results showed that in relation to emotional perception there was no difference between the sample results and the general population, but differences were found in the relation to sociodemographic variables: age, time since graduation, average consultation time and weekly hours devoted to work in the consulting room, concluding that older doctors, with more time since graduation and more time in consultation with the patient, felt more impacted by the emotional stimuli than younger doctors with less training time and less time with the patient in consultation. The results also showed that doctors who work more hours per week in the consulting room perceived the stimuli in a less pleasant way than doctors who spend less time in the consulting room and share their time with other activities. Further research and studies are needed to deepen the theme of emotions and their influence on medical practice, considering larger samples in different contexts and new variables.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8195198.v1
title: Emotional Responses of Doctors to the Affective Stimuli from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS)

description: ABSTRACT The emotions of doctors play an important role in their relationship with the patient as they can interfere with their attitudes, perceptions and in judgment and decision processes. The objective of the research was to analyze the emotional response of doctors to the stimuli of the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). This study used a quantitative method and evaluated 30 male and female doctors of various specialties, who dedicated all or some of their working hours to clinical care, had at least two years of experience after conclusion of medical residency and worked in conventional medicine (medical clinic). The instruments used for the analysis were: sociodemographic questionnaire to analyze the variables; the IAPS, composed of affective images capable of inducing emotional states and the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) to classify responses through two scales: pleasure and arousal. The results showed that in relation to emotional perception there was no difference between the sample results and the general population, but differences were found in the relation to sociodemographic variables: age, time since graduation, average consultation time and weekly hours devoted to work in the consulting room, concluding that older doctors, with more time since graduation and more time in consultation with the patient, felt more impacted by the emotional stimuli than younger doctors with less training time and less time with the patient in consultation. The results also showed that doctors who work more hours per week in the consulting room perceived the stimuli in a less pleasant way than doctors who spend less time in the consulting room and share their time with other activities. Further research and studies are needed to deepen the theme of emotions and their influence on medical practice, considering larger samples in different contexts and new variables.
DOI: 10.5066/p9prh8dq
title: Frequency of forest change across the conterminous United States from 1985-2020

description: We summarized annual remote sensing land cover classifications from the U.S. Geological Survey Land Cover Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (LCMAP) annual time series to characterize the frequency of forest change across the conterminous United States (CONUS) between 1985-2020. Data include a raster map of CONUS with pixel values representing the number of years in which it was classified as forest across the annual LCMAP time series (0-36), as well as tabular data summarizing forest change by area and proportion for each of the 48 conterminous U.S. states and the District of Columbia. Tabular output includes information on 1) the area classified as forest in each State by year, 2) the forest area in each frequency class (1 - [...]
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19945589.v1
title: Species-specific repeat libraries generated by RepeatModeler2 - Part 1

description: We identified repetitive elements (REs) in genome assemblies using RepeatModeler2.0 (Flynn et al. 2019) with search engine “ncbi”, which generated these libraries of repeat consensus sequences.<br> <br> <br> <em>Authors: John S. Sproul, Scott Hotaling, Jacqueline Heckenhauer, Ashlyn Powell, Amanda M. Larracuente, Joanna L. Kelley, Steffen U. Pauls, and Paul B. Frandsen</em>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19945589
title: Species-specific repeat libraries generated by RepeatModeler2 - Part 1

description: We identified repetitive elements (REs) in genome assemblies using RepeatModeler2.0 (Flynn et al. 2019) with search engine “ncbi”, which generated these libraries of repeat consensus sequences.<br> <br> <br> <em>Authors: John S. Sproul, Scott Hotaling, Jacqueline Heckenhauer, Ashlyn Powell, Amanda M. Larracuente, Joanna L. Kelley, Steffen U. Pauls, and Paul B. Frandsen</em>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609328
title: Problem-Based Learning: Contribution to Pediatric Practice

description: ABSTRACT Introduction Problem-Based Learning (PBL) has been highlighted in medical education because it is a proposal based on constructivism, with the purpose of developing students’ autonomy and critical thinking for decision-making. Objective In view of the difficulties experienced by undergraduate students and the scarce information regarding the contribution of PBL to the clinical practice of pediatric physicians, we aimed to evaluate the contribution of PBL to the training of pediatricians. Methods This is a series of descriptive cases, developed with pediatricians from two public educational institutions. This study used an intentional, non-probabilistic sampling technique, in which the attributes of the participants are defined according to the object of study, aiming to select which individuals are more suitable to be included in the sample, consisting of ten pediatricians, with five graduated from each institution. Pediatricians were selected to answer the questionnaire. Data collection was performed by the main researcher, through three semi-structured questions answered via e-mail. The interviewees’ answers to the open questions were analyzed using the method of reflection-synthesis analysis, which presupposes content analysis and synthesis mediated by sensitivity and reason. Results The results indicated that 28% of the pediatricians had a Board Certification degree, and 72% did not, between the years 2003 and 2012. The participants’ discourses allowed us to identify that the PBL contributed to the training and performance of pediatricians in different aspects, providing the search for knowledge; ability to work as a team; and capacity to conduct clinical management in an interdisciplinary and holistic way. However, the discourses also demonstrated that this method might not favor the developing of the basic subjects. Conclusion The PBL contributed to the training and performance of the pediatrician, but it might not have favored the developing of the basic subjects.