cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/s8dh-0962
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Great Dismal Swamp (Virginia and North Carolina) Pollen Assemblage Data

description: The Great Dismal Swamp wetland, spanning >400 km2 along the Virginia and North Carolina border, was shaped by a complex combination of geomorphic, climatic, and anthropogenic forcings during the last 14,000 years. Pollen, macrofossils, charcoal, and physical properties from sediment cores at seven sites provide a detailed record of the spatial heterogeneity of the wetland and the roles played by natural hydrologic variability, wildfire, and human modification of drainage in shaping vegetation and habitats. Cold-temperate forests occupied regional uplands from at least 13.5-10.3 ka. Marshes dominated by grasses and other herbaceous taxa began developing along low-elevation streams as early as 10.3 ka, resulting in accumulation of organic silts. Long-hydroperiod, peat accumulating marshes, with abundant floating aquatic plants, developed as early as 9.6 ka, as rapid rates of sea-level rise elevated the water table and facilitated wetland development and peat accumulation along stream courses. By the mid-Holocene (c. 7-6.5 ka), when local sea-level rise began slowing and reached about 12-15 meters below present, shorter hydroperiod, peat-accumulating marshes dominated the landscape, with increased wildfire activity. Great Dismal Swamp vegetation shifted from marshes to peat-accumulating forested wetlands by c. 3.7 ka, which were dominated by varying combinations of Nyssa (tupelo), Taxodium (cypress), and Chamaecyparis thyoides (Atlantic white cedar). Wildfires were infrequent during this time, and the forested wetlands persisted, with minor compositional changes related to climate-driven fluctuations in stream flow, until colonial ditching and logging began in the swamp during the late 18th century. These activities decreased cypress and cedar populations, and, by the mid-20th century, expanded ditching resulted in even drier conditions and expansion of maple-gum (dominated by Acer and Liquidambar), and pine-pocosin (dominated by Pinus) forests. The distribution of these forests differs from that of the late Holocene and represents a fundamental shift in hydrology, peat structure, vegetation, and fire regime due to landscape alterations of the last few centuries.
DOI: 10.25921/szjw-9403
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bonney - Wanless Forest (Site 06) - ACSH - ITRDB CANA660

description: Time-series of satellite-derived vegetation proxies and tree-rings widths (TRW) are similar, providing temporal records of forest productivity change from different perspectives and processes. Previous research on this relationship has focused on temperature or moisture limited coniferous forests, using lower spatial resolution (e.g., 8000 m) satellites and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to test relationships over 15-30 years. There is an opportunity to leverage recent advances in building Landsat (30 m) time-series to expand comparisons into new forest types (e.g., coniferous vs. deciduous), areas (e.g., fragmented forests) and over longer periods (e.g., nearly 50 years). However, a better understanding of factors that influence relationship strength is required. We compared tree-ring measurements, converted to a ring width index (RWI), and Landsat tasseled cap angle (TCA) derived canopy cover (CC) from 1972 to 2018 across 16 deciduous, mixed, and coniferous stands in southern Ontario, Canada. For all chronologies, overall relationship strength was assessed with correlation approaches (RWI-CC, both vs. climate), and shorter-term increase-decline trends were compared with segmented regression. There were significant forest type differences, with coniferous chronologies correlating stronger with CC than deciduous. Deciduous chronologies and CC had opposite connections with summer temperature, with climate warming increasing CC and coniferous RWI but not deciduous RWI from 1980 to 2010. More recent decline at most sites appears related to a major ice storm, but multiple factors may be coexisting. We tested the utility of tree-rings for validating nearly 50 years of Landsat-observed change in urban-rural temperate forests, identifying useful connections at coniferous sites. However, there are limitations to comparing long-term Landsat time-series (based on yearly summer data) with annual tree-ring growth.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-09-08.
DOI: 10.25921/secg-y895
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Malaysian Borneo Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca and d18O Coral Data from 1985 to 2017 CE

description: Logging of tropical primary forests is a widely acknowledged global issue threatening biodiversity hotspots and indigenous communities leading to significant land erosion and decreased soil stability. The downstream effects of logging on human coastal communities include poor water quality and increased sedimentation. Quantifying the impacts of historical deforestation within a watershed requires accurate data from river discharge or satellite images, which are rarely available prior to the 1980’s. In the absence of these in-situ measurements, proxies have successfully produced accurate, long-range, historical records of temperature, hydrological balance, and sediment discharge in coastal and oceanic environments. We present a 30 year, monthly resolved Ba/Ca proxy record of sediment in river discharge as measured from the skeletal remains of massive corals Porites sp. from northern Malaysian Borneo. We make the comparison with local instrumental hydrology data, river discharge and rainfall, to test the reliability of the Ba/Cacoral proxy. Our results show that averaging five records into two composites results in significant positive correlations with river discharge (r = 0.5 and r = 0.59) as well as a difference in correlations strength coherent with distance from the river mouth, with the composite closer to the river mouth displaying a higher correlation. More importantly, Porites sp. corals from this region recorded a very similar upward trend to that of river discharge on multi decennial time scales. The lack of similar increase, and overall stability in the precipitation record suggests that the river discharge’s trend recorded by corals is linked to the increasing land use associated with ever–growing deforestation. We argue that massive corals in this region are therefore valuable archives of past hydrological conditions and accurately reflect changes in land use patterns.
DOI: 10.25921/sm6b-q975
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Hartl - Berchtesgaden, Kneifelspitze - FASY - ITRDB DEU332

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
DOI: 10.25921/se8c-4d98
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Farris fire data from Mica Mountain - IMPD US03_15D

description: Fire scars are used widely to reconstruct historical fire regime parameters in forests around the world. Because fire scars provide incomplete records of past fire occurrence at discrete points in space, inferences must be made to reconstruct fire frequency and extent across landscapes using spatial networks of fire-scar samples. Assessing the relative accuracy of fire-scar fire history reconstructions has been hampered due to a lack of empirical comparisons with independent fire history data sources. We carried out such a comparison in a 2780-ha ponderosa pine forest on Mica Mountain in southern Arizona (USA) for the time period 1937–2000. Using documentary records of fire perimeter maps and ignition locations, we compared reconstructions of key spatial and temporal fire regime parameters developed from documentary fire maps and independently collected fire-scar data (n = 60 plots). We found that fire-scar data provided spatially representative and complete inventories of all major fire years (>100 ha) in the study area but failed to detect most small fires. There was a strong linear relationship between the percentage of samples recording fire scars in a given year (i.e., fire-scar synchrony) and total area burned for that year (y = 0.0003x + 0.0087, r2 = 0.96). There was also strong spatial coherence between cumulative fire frequency maps interpolated from fire-scar data and ground-mapped fire perimeters. Widely reported fire frequency summary statistics varied little between fire history data sets: fire-scar natural fire rotations (NFR) differed by <3 yr from documentary records (29.6 yr); mean fire return intervals (MFI) for large-fire years (i.e., ≥25% of study area burned) were identical between data sets (25.5 yr); fire-scar MFIs for all fire years differed by 1.2 yr from documentary records. The known seasonal timing of past fires based on documentary records was furthermore reconstructed accurately by observing intra-annual ring position of fire scars and using knowledge of tree-ring growth phenology in the Southwest. Our results demonstrate clearly that representative landscape-scale fire histories can be reconstructed accurately from spatially distributed fire-scar samples.
description: 
This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.

Sample Storage Location: Laboratory of Tree-Ring, University of Arizona
Dating Method: Dated
Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable

Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_15d.fhx
along with associated metadata at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_15d-noaa.txt
DOI: 10.25921/stx4-je92
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Hartl - Berchtesgaden, Mitterkaseralm - PCAB - ITRDB DEU355

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
DOI: 10.25921/sb0p-nd57
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Ballikaya - Forest farm of the Northeast Forestry University, Harbin - QUMO - ITRDB CHN090

description: Rapid industrialization has led to a dramatic increase in air pollution. In China, the factors driving the abundance and composition of smog, particularly fine particulate matter, remain poorly understood, and short-term air pollution data are available from few air quality monitoring networks. Using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), chemical elements (Mg, Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Tl, Pb, Bi) were analyzed in Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb. tree rings from Harbin, China, in latewood at 5-year resolution over the period 1965–2020. The temporal trend of some elements was influenced by physiological factors, by environmental factors such as pollution, or influenced by both. Mg, K, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, As, Sr and Tl showed changes in pollution levels over time. The signal of K, Zn, Ni, Cu and Pb in trees from Harbin statistically did not differ from those at the control site after the 2000s. Our analysis confirmed the success of the undertaken emission reduction measures, which lead to an improvement in China’s urban air quality after 2010. However, As increased from 2000 to 2020 in Harbin which is consistent with rising As concentrations in China. Our study proved that dendrochemistry is a reliable tool to monitor the long-term history of pollution and to contribute to extending instrumental records of pollution back in time.
description: Cores were collected from the Forest Farm of the Northeast Forestry University  in Harbin, China. Some trees were not very healthy, thus only good tree cores are included here, 1 tree core per tree was used.
DOI: 10.25921/s0p8-0722
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Margolis fire data from East Lake Fork SFNF, Southwest US - IMPD USELF001

description: Prior research suggests that Indigenous fire management buffers climate influences on wildfires, but it is unclear whether these benefits accrue across geographic scales. We use a network of 4824 fire-scarred trees in Southwest United States dry forests to analyze up to 400 years of fire-climate relationships at local, landscape, and regional scales for traditional territories of three different Indigenous cultures. Comparison of fire-year and prior climate conditions for periods of intensive cultural use and less-intensive use indicates that Indigenous fire management weakened fire-climate relationships at local and landscape scales. This effect did not scale up across the entire region because land use was spatially and temporally heterogeneous at that scale. Restoring or emulating Indigenous fire practices could buffer climate impacts at local scales but would need to be repeatedly implemented at broad scales for broader regional benefits.
description: 
This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.

Sample Storage Location: Laboratory of Tree-Ring, University of Arizona
Dating Method: Dated
Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable

Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uself001.fhx
along with associated metadata at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uself001-noaa.txt
DOI: 10.25921/spdn-mm22
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Margolis fire data from Tom W. Swetnam House SFNF, Southwest US - IMPD USTWS001

description: Prior research suggests that Indigenous fire management buffers climate influences on wildfires, but it is unclear whether these benefits accrue across geographic scales. We use a network of 4824 fire-scarred trees in Southwest United States dry forests to analyze up to 400 years of fire-climate relationships at local, landscape, and regional scales for traditional territories of three different Indigenous cultures. Comparison of fire-year and prior climate conditions for periods of intensive cultural use and less-intensive use indicates that Indigenous fire management weakened fire-climate relationships at local and landscape scales. This effect did not scale up across the entire region because land use was spatially and temporally heterogeneous at that scale. Restoring or emulating Indigenous fire practices could buffer climate impacts at local scales but would need to be repeatedly implemented at broad scales for broader regional benefits.
description: 
This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.

Sample Storage Location: Laboratory of Tree-Ring, University of Arizona
Dating Method: Dated
Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable

Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/ustws001.fhx
along with associated metadata at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/ustws001-noaa.txt
DOI: 10.25921/s8sh-1059
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Makassar Strait 14,700 Year Leaf Wax Hydrogen Isotope Data

description: Existing paleoclimate data suggest a complex evolution of hydroclimate within the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) during the Holocene epoch. Here we introduce a new leaf wax isotope record from Sulawesi, Indonesia and compare proxy water isotope data with ocean-atmosphere general circulation model (OAGCM) simulations to identify mechanisms influencing Holocene IPWP hydroclimate. Modeling simulations suggest that orbital forcing causes heterogenous changes in precipitation across the IPWP on a seasonal basis that may account for the differences in time-evolution of the proxy data at respective sites. Both the proxies and simulations suggest that precipitation variability during the September-November (SON) season is important for hydroclimate in Borneo. The preëminence of the SON season suggests that a seasonally lagged relationship between the Indian monsoon and Indian Ocean Walker circulation influences IPWP hydroclimatic variability during the Holocene.
description: Hydrogen isotopic (dD) ratios of terrestrial higher plant leaf waxes (dDwax, C30 fatty acid) in marine sediments from southwest Sulawesi, Makassar Strait, Indonesia for the past 14,700 years. We measured the hydrogen isotopic composition of leaf waxes (dDwax) in marine sediment core BJ8-03-70GGC, located 12 km off the southwest shore of Sulawesi in the Makassar Strait. Thirteen radiocarbon dates constrain the depth- age model for core 70GGC. The age model is based on a linear interpolation of the depth-age relationship between calibrated dates with the additional assumption that the top of the core is equivalent to 0 yr BP. Core 70GGC was sampled every ~100 years downcore, with somewhat higher resolution during the middle Holocene (near 4 ka) and the Younger Dryas chronozone (12.7-11.5 ka). dDwax analyses were conducted as previously described in Tierney et al. [2010], Paleoceanography. Briefly, freeze-dried sediments were extracted with a solvent mixture of dichloromethane:methanol (9:1,v/v) using an Accelerated Solvent Extractor. Leaf waxes were purified from the resulting total lipid extract via NH2 column chromatography, methylated with methanol of a known isotopic composition, and then further purified via silica gel chromatography. The C30 fatty acid was analyzed in triplicate for its hydrogen isotopic composition via gas chromatography-isotope ratio monitoring-mass spectrometry (GC-IR-MS), using a Thermo Delta XL mass spectrometer at Brown University. H2 standard gas calibrated to VSMOW was injected three times before and after the sample lipid peaks as an internal standard. In addition, an external fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) standard of known isotopic composition was run every nine injections to monitor drift. Isotopic values were corrected for the added methyl group. Results presented here are triplicate means, and average triplicate standard error was 0.7‰. Core BJ8-03-70GGC: 3.566°S, 119.383°E, 482 meters water depth
DOI: 10.25921/sppm-qc18
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Farris fire data from Mica Mountain - IMPD US03_04B

description: Fire scars are used widely to reconstruct historical fire regime parameters in forests around the world. Because fire scars provide incomplete records of past fire occurrence at discrete points in space, inferences must be made to reconstruct fire frequency and extent across landscapes using spatial networks of fire-scar samples. Assessing the relative accuracy of fire-scar fire history reconstructions has been hampered due to a lack of empirical comparisons with independent fire history data sources. We carried out such a comparison in a 2780-ha ponderosa pine forest on Mica Mountain in southern Arizona (USA) for the time period 1937–2000. Using documentary records of fire perimeter maps and ignition locations, we compared reconstructions of key spatial and temporal fire regime parameters developed from documentary fire maps and independently collected fire-scar data (n = 60 plots). We found that fire-scar data provided spatially representative and complete inventories of all major fire years (>100 ha) in the study area but failed to detect most small fires. There was a strong linear relationship between the percentage of samples recording fire scars in a given year (i.e., fire-scar synchrony) and total area burned for that year (y = 0.0003x + 0.0087, r2 = 0.96). There was also strong spatial coherence between cumulative fire frequency maps interpolated from fire-scar data and ground-mapped fire perimeters. Widely reported fire frequency summary statistics varied little between fire history data sets: fire-scar natural fire rotations (NFR) differed by <3 yr from documentary records (29.6 yr); mean fire return intervals (MFI) for large-fire years (i.e., ≥25% of study area burned) were identical between data sets (25.5 yr); fire-scar MFIs for all fire years differed by 1.2 yr from documentary records. The known seasonal timing of past fires based on documentary records was furthermore reconstructed accurately by observing intra-annual ring position of fire scars and using knowledge of tree-ring growth phenology in the Southwest. Our results demonstrate clearly that representative landscape-scale fire histories can be reconstructed accurately from spatially distributed fire-scar samples.
description: 
This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.

Sample Storage Location: Laboratory of Tree-Ring, University of Arizona
Dating Method: Dated
Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable

Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_04b.fhx
along with associated metadata at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_04b-noaa.txt
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5kqjss
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is (Table 1) Proportion of Toxoplasma gondii seropositive arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) by age group and geographic area"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0052447-160910150852091/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.opq9m4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 916154571 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 916154571 records from 16761 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0036994-180508205500799/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/ny5-p3r-4dy
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w4e-add-2dc
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/sw1-w1z-fqp
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/z97-frz-h04
title: Amphistegina lessonii d'Orbigny in Deshayes, 1830

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.