cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303778.v1
title: 1H qNMR and Chemometric Analyses of Urban Wastewater

description: The industrial development, urbanization and agriculture play a major role in the degradation of the global environmental. Thus, the wastewater treatments need to be monitored continuously to ensure efficient operation. This manuscript presents an application of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) associated with chemometric and quantitative analyses to study the wastewater before and after the sewage treatment plant (STP). The concentration of compounds related to organic matter degradation ranged with treatment and seasonality. Anomalous discharges and the influence of stormwater on the sewage composition were further identified. All the variations indicated that the employed procedure might be useful to enhance the effectiveness of STPs, plan prevention actions for equipment protection and preserve the environment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303776.v1
title: Optimization of Auxiliary Solvent Demulsification Microextraction for Determination of Cyanide in Environmental Water and Biological Samples by Microvolume UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

description: A new, simple, rapid and efficient solvent terminated-auxiliary solvent-dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (ST-AS-DLLME) technique for determination of cyanide ions by microvolume UV-Vis spectrophotometry was developed. Effective parameters on the extraction and absorbance of cyanide were optimized using two optimization methods: fractional factorial design (FFD) and central composite design (CCD). Zinc(II) tetraphenylporphyrine (ZnTPP) was used as a selective cyanide receptor agent. Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), ethanol and 1-butanol were used as extraction solvent, dispersive solvent and demulsifier solvent, respectively. The method shows very good selectivity in presence of other species. The analytical curve was linear in the range of 4.0-130 µg L-1 with a limit of detection of 1.0 µg L-1. Relative standard deviation (RSD) of the method for ten replicate measurements of 100 µg L-1 of cyanide was 1.1%. The method was successfully applied for determination of cyanide in natural water and plasma samples with good spike recoveries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303772.v1
title: In silico Antibacterial Activity Modeling Based on the TOMOCOMD-CARDD Approach

description: In the recent times, the race to cope with the increasing multidrug resistance of pathogenic bacteria has lost much of its momentum and health professionals are grasping for solutions to deal with the unprecedented resistance levels. As a result, there is an urgent need for a concerted effort towards the development of new antimicrobial drugs to stay ahead in the fight against the ever adapting bacteria. In the present report, antibacterial classification functions (models) based on the topological molecular computational design-computer aided ‘‘rational’’ drug design (TOMOCOMD-CARDD) atom-based non-stochastic and stochastic bilinear indices are presented. These models were built using the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) method over a balanced chemical compounds dataset of 2230 molecular structures, with a diverse range of structural and molecular mechanism modes. The results of this study indicated that the non-stochastic and stochastic bilinear indices provided excellent classification of the chemical compounds (with accuracies of 86.31% and 84.92%, respectively, in the training set). These models were further externally validated yielding correct classification percentages of 86.55% and 87.91% for the non-stochastic and stochastic bilinear models, respectively. Additionally, the obtained models were compared with those reported in the literature and demonstrated comparable results, although the latter were built over much smaller datasets and with much higher degrees of freedom. Finally, simulated ligand-based virtual screening of 116 compounds, recently identified as potential antibacterials, was performed yielding 86.21% and 83.62% of correct classification, respectively, and thus demonstrating the utility of the obtained TOMOCOMD-CARDD models in the search of novel compounds with desirable antibacterial activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303769.v1
title: Effect of Applied Voltage on Slow-Release of Cu(II) Ions on the Synthesis of Copper(II) Stearate Complex by Electrochemical Technique

description: An electrochemical technique based on the slow-release of Cu2+ ion from electrochemical oxidation of a Cu anode in the presence of stearic acid (HSt) and an aqueous solution of ammonium acetate (CH3COONH4) (0.1 mol L-1) as supporting electrolyte has been used to synthesize Cu(II) stearate (Cu(II)St) complex. Different values of applied voltages (1, 5 and 10 V) were used during the synthesis to study the effect of applied voltage on the particle size of the Cu nanoparticles and morphology of the synthesized Cu(II)St complex. By using 1 V of applied voltage, small Cu nanoparticle was produced with an average particle size of 2.49 ± 0.82 nm, followed by 5 V (3.61 ± 1.18 nm) and 10 V (6.64 ± 2.72 nm). Another advantage of using 1 V of the applied voltage is the formation of well-shaped petal-like structures of the Cu(II)St complex compared to the synthesis using 5 V and 10 V which inhibit the formation of well-shaped petal-like structure. This proves that the slow-release electrochemical synthesis using lower value of applied voltage has successfully resulted in the formation of small size Cu nanoparticles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303766.v1
title: Synthesis and Antitumor Evaluation of New Heterocycles Derived from 3-Methyl-2-benzothiazolinone Hydrazone

description: 3-Methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone condensed with some selected aldehydes to give the corresponding Schiff bases. Cyclizing the obtained Schiff base derivatives with thioglycolic acid afforded the respective thiazolylideneaminothiazolidenones. Condensation of 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone with ethyl cyanoacetate yielded a mixture of the bishydrazine and the cyanoacetohydrazide derivatives. Meanwhile, its condensation with ethyl acetoacetate produced a mixture of the monoketone and the β-diketone derivatives. Besides, the reaction of the starting hydrazone with malononitrile afforded a mixture of the cyanomethylylidene and cyanomethyl hydrazone derivatives beside the bishydrazine derivative. Elementary and spectroscopic measurements were in good accord with the structures postulated for the new compounds. The antitumor activities of certain selected new compounds were screened, in vitro, against a panel of four (liver, HepG2; breast, MCF-7; lung, A549; and colon; HCT116) human solid tumor cell lines. The cells that showed better activity were HepG2 and MCF-7. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) was also discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303764.v1
title: Interrelation Between the Interaction Parameter and the Width of the Adsorption Voltammetric Peak

description: It is known that the width of adsorption of a voltammetric peak is defined by lateral interactions in adsorption layer, so the peak width may be a key to intensity of these interactions. Correlation between the width of the peak and interaction parameter G has been examined in details. It is impossible to find the exact equation setting G as a direct function of peak width. Approximate equations are proposed to calculate G from the peak width with high accuracy in a wide range of G values. G value can be useful not only for characterization of lateral interactions in adsorbed layer (for finding adsorption isotherm parameters), but also for quick estimation of adsorption of electroactive substance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303762.v1
title: Evaluation of Direct Analysis for Trace Elements in Tea and Herbal Beverages by ICP-MS

description: In general, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) food analysis requires numerous sample treatment steps that imply an increase of analysis time and the use of chemicals. In this study, the main objective was to evaluate the applicability of the direct analysis by ICP-MS to determine twelve elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn) in tea and herbal beverages. Direct analysis method was compared with two other sample treatments: minimum treatment (acid dilution) and using a destructive method (microwave assisted digestion). Besides the lowest time of analysis, direct analysis provides a reliable response and agrees with the “green chemistry” principles. High sensitivity was also observed by low values of limits of detection and quantification, in general, below 2.5 µg L-1. The method accuracy was evaluated by spiked experiments and values ranged between 82 and 120%. Low values of coefficient of variation were also observed, 2 to 17%, for all analytes. The method exhibited applicability for commercial tea samples as well as for drinks made by herb infusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303759.v1
title: POVERTY IN BRAZIL AND THE RIO DE JANEIRO METROPOLIS: old problems, new dilemmas

description: We aim to analyze the trajectory of poverty in Brazil and the metropolis of Rio de Janeiro, from 1976 to 2015, considering the structural changes in the Brazilian economy and society and the metropolitan context’s particularities. The poverty line used was defined by double the level of income sufficient for the acquisition of food necessary to guarantee the individual’s social reproduction. We could observe that the poverty rate varied according to the economic situation, with differences in levels and intensity between the metropolis and the country. Currently, unlike decades ago, people living in poverty are generally younger, have higher levels of education, and work in occupations that represent more prominent social positions in the social structure, which may have important implications in the changes in expectations of overcoming this condition, especially in the metropolitan context.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303756.v1
title: THE JUDICIALIZATION WAS BROADCAST: the relationship between the media and the system of justice in Brazil

description: What is the role of the Justice System in the current process of institutional conflict in Brazil? Through a critical analysis of the concept of the judicialization of megapolitics, proposed by Ran Hirschl, we discuss the role of the Judiciary and Public Prosecutor’s Office in the current Brazilian political crisis. We call attention to the lack of clarity in Hirschl’s analysis about the fundamental problem of legitimacy in the conflict between governmental branches, and then we show how there is strong evidence in the Brazilian case that the mainstream media had the function of shifting legitimacy from the elected powers to the institutions of the System of Justice. To test our hypothesis, we compare the evolution of the popular approval of the main institutions of Brazilian democracy with the coverage that the quality newspapers Folha de S. Paulo, Estado de S. Paulo and Globo, and the television news program Jornal Nacional have dedicated to them from the beginning of 2014 until now, using data from the Manchetometro project. We conclude by suggesting improvements to the study of judicialization and particularly to the concept of the judicialization of the megapolitics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303755.v1
title: PARTICIPATORY SYSTEMS IN BRAZIL AND VENEZUELA: origins and twilights of two models

description: The gamut of participatory reforms to include citizens in Latin America has varied widely in scope, content, implementation, and impact. This article compares the cases of Brazil and Venezuela, which were considered as exemplary in the field of participatory democracy by different observers, to ask how and why their participatory systems vary in their design and why they are no longer examples. In short, the differences in design are due to the different origins of the two models, in Brazil’s democratic transition and in Venezuela’s democratic crisis. To explain their varying results, in addition to the obvious negative consequences of the recent economic crises, we argue that, on one hand, Brazil’s participatory system lost its popular roots by shifting to a more organizational approach and scaling up to a macro level, and, on the other hand, Venezuela’s participatory institutions took too much of a partisan approach and focused too much on the micro level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303753.v1
title: DESTRUCTIVE COMMUNICATION AND NEW BARBARISM IN WALTER BENJAMIN

description: This paper explores the conceptual elements with which Walter Benjamin reflected on communication after his shift towards historical materialism in the mid-1920s. On this basis is a category system developed for communication in connection with these elements, with particular emphasis on the concept of destructive communication. The hypothesis of the paper is that the concept of destructive communication unified Benjamin’s intervention at that historical moment and constituted the reverse of the positive concept of barbarism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303748.v1
title: THE RECONFIGURED PEDDLER: Your function for accumulation

description: This paper deals with street workers that offer technological products (cell, games, flash drivers etc.) in Camelódromo Feiraguai in Feira de Santana. It was intended to answer the following question: Is the peddler of a differentiated form of technology for informal street work, which is the predominant business (profit), business (the capital) and not the employee (linked to survival)? this line will be activities that now serve as the veins of capital expansion? Our aim of this research: to explore the new forms of differentiation in this street work in the current Brazilian society, ie, understand what is this new (re) configuration of the street. This phenomenon reflects a kind of activity that suffers direct interference of the formal world, reshaping itself and assuming business features. 151 questionnaires were applied to these vendors. It was found that is a style of work and business logic, but still within the framework of informal work.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303745.v1
title: INSTITUTIONAL AND ECONOMIC DIFFICULTIES FOR PARTICIPATORY BUDGETING IN BRAZILIAN MINICIPALITIES

description: This article is part of a research agenda based on the institutional approach and the political economy of public budgeting to develop an analyticalframeworkfor the budgetary governance in Brazilian cities. The article aims to understand the participatory and distributive conflict inherent to the public budgeting,based on evidence from Brazilian municipalities from 2005 to 2018. This paper presents initial remarks on the limits to the Participatory Budgeting arising from the growing sectorization of spending, the structure of municipal revenues and the fiscal crisis in the municipalities, especially since 2014, which have complicated the construction of a collective arena for participation and negotiation of distributive conflict.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303738.v1
title: DEMOCRACY AR WORK: moving beyond elections to improve well-being

description: How does democracy work to improve well-being? In this paper, we disentangle the component parts of democratic practice—elections, civic participation, expansion of social provisioning, local administrative capacity—to identify their relationship with well-being. Our analysis of an original dataset covering over 5,550 Brazilian municipalities demonstrates that competitive elections alone do not explain variation in infant mortality rates, one outcome associated with well-being. We move beyond elections to show how participatory institutions, social programs, and local state capacity can interact to buttress one another and reduce infant mortality rates. The result is a new understanding of how different aspects of democracy work together to improve a key feature of human development.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303736.v1
title: METROPOLITAN SPACE IN BRAZIL: a new spatial order?

description: The goal of the text is to analyze the recent changes in the spatial order of Brazilian metropolitan areas and, particularly, the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte. It begins with a dialogue with the international literature on the issue, and, after that, discusses the national debates. The empirical reference is a series of studies and indices built from the results of the Demographic Census of 2010. It shows the dual system downtown vs outskirts is too limited for comprehending the current socio-spatial order or Brazilian metropoles. It identifies significant changes occurred over the last decades and calls attention to several continuums regarding socio-spatial inequalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303735.v1
title: TRAJECTORY OF PARTICIPATORY IDEALS IN BRAZIL

description: This article aims to present the changes in the trajectory of participatory ideals. Based on documentary research and bibliographical review, the text points out how, in Brazil, some views on participatory democracy “won” and others “lost force”. If in the 1970s there was a strong presence of conceptions that affirmed the importance of using participatory space as a form of organization of society (in unions, popular movements and in the party itself) and education for citizenship, what we call here as “participation as emancipation”, over time this vision has lost strength. Political views began to enter into the views of participation as a way to support governments on the one hand and to oversee the state, on the other, which we refer to here as “participation as deliberation”. Already during the PT government, a vision of participation “as a listener” was consolidated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303724.v1
title: WORKERS AND UNIONISM IN BRAZIL: where did the labor unions go?

description: This article analyzes contemporary Brazilian unionism and, at the same time, discusses the process of affiliation to unions in the country from a few union indicators. Data from this study, mainly based on the National Research by Home Samples (PNAD) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), show a movement from the unions, regarding all Brazilian regions, gender issues, and the city/countryside relationship. This process is more apparent inside the main union center in Brazil, the CUT (Workers Union Center).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303723.v1
title: POLICY OF WELFARE IN NEOLIBERAL CONTEXTS: tensions of the Chilean model

description: Contemporary Latin American societies have been pressured by conflicts between multiple views about the articulation between economic growth and social policies. This article presents the analysis of interpretive frameworks that, from the constructivist perspective, permit to deepen the symbolic and representative dimension of the policies. From the theoretical reflections and analyses about the visions of social protection in parliamentary discussions, in the case of Chile, the purpose of this study is to bring a perspective of analysis that permits to inquire about the processes social policies change. In addition, this study aims to demonstrate how the axis, in the ideas, offers a better comprehension of the stability and change of social policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303720.v1
title: HUMAN RIGHTS CAUSES AND POLICIES IN BRAZIL

description: This study analyzes the emergence and consolidation of the human rights cause in Brazil over the last decades. The main argument is that the human rights movement emerged, as in other Latin American contexts, from the fight against totalitarian regimes, and was consolidated with institutional achievements after the re-democratization of the country. Analyzing the profile of the causes and trajectories of the main leaders of the movement in Brazil enables us to state that the human rights have become, over the 1990s, a “cause of the State”. One of the strongest indicators of this transformation is the articulation between militant movements and the government bureaucracy, and the expansion of human rights programs across Brazil, especially in the South, Southeast and North.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303716.v1
title: A reconfiguração das Cadeias Globais de Valor (global value chains) pós-pandemia

description: abstract The international fragmentation of production systems, which shapes the Global Value Chains, is orchestrated by multinational enterprises with the support of digital technologies. In the last decade, risks and vulnerabilities arising from unforeseen events challenged the GVCs’ basic assumptions and jeopardized both their expansion and performance. For that reason, the GVCs’ operational patterns were already being revised and modified to increase resilience. Notwithstanding, the Covid-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact. With the disruption of the GVCs, both governments and enterprises, whether multinational or local, reacted to mitigate the emergencies that arose. This disruption, as well as the reactions, will have consequences in the reconfiguration of the GVCs in the future. In this article, we seek to answer the following questions: How did the GVCs evolve in the pre-pandemic period? How are governments and enterprises reacting? Which will be the determinants for change? We will then outline scenarios for both the GVCs’ reconfiguration and the dynamics of the new international production systems. Brazil has a specific role in those systems, which is highlighted in the analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303713.v1
title: A fragilidade econômica e financeira na pandemia do Sars-Covid-19

description: ABSTRACT This paper discusses the financial and economic frailty of the modern economy and how adverse exogenous shocks - like the Covid-19 pandemic -disrupt the economy and generate a mismatch between economic and financial commitments and the limits of possible macroeconomic policies. Consequently, there will be a destruction of firms and human capital that will never be recovered..
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303710.v1
title: Medicamentos e tratamentos para a Covid-19

description: abstract Approximately 2,000 clinical studies have been conducted in the world to investigate approved drugs and drug candidates for Covid-19, including small molecules and biologicals, not to mention vaccines. The repositioning of drugs, the most explored strategy, has not led to the identification of any new antiviral against Covid-19. Despite its approval for emergency use by the US regulatory agency, remdesivir has shown only modest results in clinical studies. Dexamethasone, which contributed to reduce mortality in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation or oxygen, is a corticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Biological drugs, such as monoclonal antibodies, interferons, specific proteins, and anticoagulants are being evaluated in several clinical studies to assess their role in Covid-19 therapy. The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that the coronavirus may never disappear even with the advent of an eventual vaccine, highlighting the urgency for the development of innovative drugs. The most realistic scenario involves the development of specific antivirals against Sars-CoV-2 for the safe and effective treatment of the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303708.v1
title: Em busca do centro democrático-progressista: o liberalismo agonístico de Max Weber

description: abstract Of what type is Weber’s liberalism? After criticizing some of the current interpretations in Brazil, it is argued that Weber’s ethical-agonistic liberalism is multi-dimensional and unfolds both on the existential and on the collective level of social and political reality. Starting from the fact that modern culture is marked by pluralism and the conflict of values, Weber advocates a social liberalism that defends the free organization of social groups and a political-institutional liberalism in which the State and capitalism, on the one hand, and the set of political institutions, on the other hand, operate under permanent tension, the latter also acting as a system of checks and balances that aims to keep open the space for the struggles for freedom.