cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278529
title: Retention of phenolic compounds and acceptability of gluten-free churros made with tannin or tannin-free sorghum flour

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the acceptability of gluten-free churros made either with tannin or tannin-free sorghum flour, as well as the retention of their phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity retention after cooking and frying. The churros were developed by replacing wheat flour with sorghum flour from the sorghum cultivars BRS 305 with tannin (T-churro) or BRS 501 tannin free (TF-churro). The content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were evaluated before and after the thermal processing. Both products had a high acceptability (84.5‒95.5%) for all evaluated sensory attributes, and no difference was observed for color, aroma, and flavor. However, the T-churro showed a higher acceptance for texture, overall acceptability, and purchase intention. The churros had a similar proximate composition for fiber content. The phenol content was about three times and antioxidant activity about 20 times higher for T-churro than for TF-churro. Although subjected to two types of processing (cooking and frying), the fried and ready-to-eat T-churro retained more than 50% of anthocyanins, phenols, and antioxidant activity. The TF-churro product showed a retention of these compounds above 70, 40, and 65%, respectively. The tannin content of 'BRS 305' sorghum increases its functional potential and does not negatively affect the acceptability of the churros. Sorghum either with or without tannins has the potential to be used for the production of gluten-free churros.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278530
title: Population dynamics and structural characteristics of 'Survenola' digit grass subjected to intermittent defoliation strategies

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of defoliation strategies and insolation periods on the population dynamics and structural characteristics of Digitaria eriantha 'Survenola'. The following four defoliation strategies (DSs) were evaluated: 40/10, 40/20, 50/10, and 50/20 cm (that is, 40 and 50 cm pre-defoliation height, and 10 and 20 cm post-defoliation height), under high- (September to March) and low- (April to August) insolation periods. An experimental randomized complete block design was carried out with five replicates. The accumulation of forage and leaf blade was higher when using the DS 40/20 cm in the higher insolation period. DSs 40/10, 50/10, and 50/20 cm resulted in a higher stem accumulation than DS 40/20 cm. 'Survenola' grass showed a higher appearance rate for basal and aerial tillers using the 40/10 and 40/20 cm strategies, respectively, during the lower insolation period. Greater tiller densities (basal, aerial, and total) were observed in the DS 40/20 cm in the higher insolation period. DS 40/20 cm resulted in a greater tiller renewal. In the DS 40/20 cm, 'Survenola' grass shows the greatest number of defoliation cycles, the highest density of tillers, and the greatest accumulation of forage and leaf blade.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278532
title: Threshold models for the determination of genetic variability among reproductive traits in Nellore cattle

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of different threshold models to determine the genetic variability in Nellore cattle, with basis on the heritability estimates for the traits stayability (STA) and first calving probability at 36 months of age (CP36). Data came from the Nellore herds participating in the animal breeding program of the Embrapa-Geneplus partnership. Binomial and multi-threshold models were defined for the STA and CP36 traits. Heritability estimates were obtained following Bayesian procedures in the Multiple-trait Gibbs Sampler for Animal Models (MTGSAM) software, using a sire-maternal grandsire model. The heritability estimates, provided by the binary and alternative models, were, respectively, 0.08 and 0.12 for STA and 0.17 and 0.12 for CP36. The multi-threshold model can efficiently detect the genetic variability for stayability, but not for probability of calving for 36-month-old cows.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278529.v1
title: Retention of phenolic compounds and acceptability of gluten-free churros made with tannin or tannin-free sorghum flour

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the acceptability of gluten-free churros made either with tannin or tannin-free sorghum flour, as well as the retention of their phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity retention after cooking and frying. The churros were developed by replacing wheat flour with sorghum flour from the sorghum cultivars BRS 305 with tannin (T-churro) or BRS 501 tannin free (TF-churro). The content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were evaluated before and after the thermal processing. Both products had a high acceptability (84.5‒95.5%) for all evaluated sensory attributes, and no difference was observed for color, aroma, and flavor. However, the T-churro showed a higher acceptance for texture, overall acceptability, and purchase intention. The churros had a similar proximate composition for fiber content. The phenol content was about three times and antioxidant activity about 20 times higher for T-churro than for TF-churro. Although subjected to two types of processing (cooking and frying), the fried and ready-to-eat T-churro retained more than 50% of anthocyanins, phenols, and antioxidant activity. The TF-churro product showed a retention of these compounds above 70, 40, and 65%, respectively. The tannin content of 'BRS 305' sorghum increases its functional potential and does not negatively affect the acceptability of the churros. Sorghum either with or without tannins has the potential to be used for the production of gluten-free churros.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278530.v1
title: Population dynamics and structural characteristics of 'Survenola' digit grass subjected to intermittent defoliation strategies

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of defoliation strategies and insolation periods on the population dynamics and structural characteristics of Digitaria eriantha 'Survenola'. The following four defoliation strategies (DSs) were evaluated: 40/10, 40/20, 50/10, and 50/20 cm (that is, 40 and 50 cm pre-defoliation height, and 10 and 20 cm post-defoliation height), under high- (September to March) and low- (April to August) insolation periods. An experimental randomized complete block design was carried out with five replicates. The accumulation of forage and leaf blade was higher when using the DS 40/20 cm in the higher insolation period. DSs 40/10, 50/10, and 50/20 cm resulted in a higher stem accumulation than DS 40/20 cm. 'Survenola' grass showed a higher appearance rate for basal and aerial tillers using the 40/10 and 40/20 cm strategies, respectively, during the lower insolation period. Greater tiller densities (basal, aerial, and total) were observed in the DS 40/20 cm in the higher insolation period. DS 40/20 cm resulted in a greater tiller renewal. In the DS 40/20 cm, 'Survenola' grass shows the greatest number of defoliation cycles, the highest density of tillers, and the greatest accumulation of forage and leaf blade.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278532.v1
title: Threshold models for the determination of genetic variability among reproductive traits in Nellore cattle

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of different threshold models to determine the genetic variability in Nellore cattle, with basis on the heritability estimates for the traits stayability (STA) and first calving probability at 36 months of age (CP36). Data came from the Nellore herds participating in the animal breeding program of the Embrapa-Geneplus partnership. Binomial and multi-threshold models were defined for the STA and CP36 traits. Heritability estimates were obtained following Bayesian procedures in the Multiple-trait Gibbs Sampler for Animal Models (MTGSAM) software, using a sire-maternal grandsire model. The heritability estimates, provided by the binary and alternative models, were, respectively, 0.08 and 0.12 for STA and 0.17 and 0.12 for CP36. The multi-threshold model can efficiently detect the genetic variability for stayability, but not for probability of calving for 36-month-old cows.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278533
title: Optimization and sensorial evaluation of guabiroba jam with prebiotic

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to optimize formulations of guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa) jam by central composite design (CCD), to evaluate the addition of pectin (P), citric acid (CA), and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). The responses were pH, titratable acidity, and hardness. The CCD showed that CA and FOS were meaningful for titratable acidity, while P was meaningful for jam hardness. The optimized formulations were F2 (0% FOS, 0.5% P, and 1.5% CA), F6 (15% FOS, 0.5% P, and 1.5% CA), and F9 (7.5% FOS, 1% P, and 1% CA), which were subjected to chemical composition and sensory analyses. No differences were observed between jam samples for ashes, protein, and lipids. Guabiroba jams showed at least 35% of the original bioactive compounds (carotenoids, ascorbic acid, and phenolic compounds) from fruit, even after the thermal processing. Formulation F9 containing 7.5% FOS shows the best taste, overall impression, and purchase intention.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278536
title: Traceability of animal meals in quail eggs using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to detect the inclusion of animal meal in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) diets, by analyzing eggs and their fractions (albumen and yolk) through the technique of carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) stable isotopes. Four hundred and thirty-two Japanese quails, 45-day-old females, were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, in eight treatments: T1, strictly vegetable diet (VEG), with corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) meal; T2, bovine meat and bone meal (BM); T3, poultry viscera meal (OM); T4, feather meal (FM); T5, BM+OM; T6, BM+FM; T7, OM+FM; and T8, BM+OM+FM. Sixteen eggs were randomly collected from each treatment - eight for whole egg analysis and eight for separate yolk and albumen analyses. To determine the turnover rate, the exponential isotope dilution model was used. The application of C and N stable isotopes allows identifying the use of animal meal in coded diets through the analysis of whole eggs and their fractions, which suggests that this technique is a promising tool for the traceability and certification of products of animal origin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278533.v1
title: Optimization and sensorial evaluation of guabiroba jam with prebiotic

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to optimize formulations of guabiroba (Campomanesia xanthocarpa) jam by central composite design (CCD), to evaluate the addition of pectin (P), citric acid (CA), and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS). The responses were pH, titratable acidity, and hardness. The CCD showed that CA and FOS were meaningful for titratable acidity, while P was meaningful for jam hardness. The optimized formulations were F2 (0% FOS, 0.5% P, and 1.5% CA), F6 (15% FOS, 0.5% P, and 1.5% CA), and F9 (7.5% FOS, 1% P, and 1% CA), which were subjected to chemical composition and sensory analyses. No differences were observed between jam samples for ashes, protein, and lipids. Guabiroba jams showed at least 35% of the original bioactive compounds (carotenoids, ascorbic acid, and phenolic compounds) from fruit, even after the thermal processing. Formulation F9 containing 7.5% FOS shows the best taste, overall impression, and purchase intention.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278536.v1
title: Traceability of animal meals in quail eggs using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to detect the inclusion of animal meal in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) diets, by analyzing eggs and their fractions (albumen and yolk) through the technique of carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) stable isotopes. Four hundred and thirty-two Japanese quails, 45-day-old females, were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, in eight treatments: T1, strictly vegetable diet (VEG), with corn (Zea mays) and soybean (Glycine max) meal; T2, bovine meat and bone meal (BM); T3, poultry viscera meal (OM); T4, feather meal (FM); T5, BM+OM; T6, BM+FM; T7, OM+FM; and T8, BM+OM+FM. Sixteen eggs were randomly collected from each treatment - eight for whole egg analysis and eight for separate yolk and albumen analyses. To determine the turnover rate, the exponential isotope dilution model was used. The application of C and N stable isotopes allows identifying the use of animal meal in coded diets through the analysis of whole eggs and their fractions, which suggests that this technique is a promising tool for the traceability and certification of products of animal origin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278539
title: Forest restoration by different nucleation techniques in Urochloa grassland

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of brushwood, black plastic mulch, herbicide, and artificial perch on the natural regeneration of native species in Urochloa grassland. The experiment was conducted between February 2014 and February 2016 in the Dense Ombrophilous Forest, in the municipality of Morretes, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The treatments were: herbicide, herbicide + perch, black plastic mulch, black plastic mulch + perch, brushwood + herbicide, brushwood + herbicide + perch, and a control treatment. The evaluations were carried out at 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months after the installation of the experiment, by counting and identifying regenerating woody species and estimating visually the percentage of herbaceous coverage. Initially, brushwood and black plastic mulch reduced the Urochloa grasses; however, this effect was lost over time due to the rapid growth of the grasses from the edges to the center of the plots. The use of perches in the treatments does not allow a significant increase of other species because of the continued inhibiting conditions for the establishment of seedlings. The herbicide is effective in removing the grasses; however, the recruitment of woody species is only satisfactory when perches are used to attract the dispersing fauna. For a successful ecological restoration of pastures, there is a need for the local elimination of Urochloa grasses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278539.v1
title: Forest restoration by different nucleation techniques in Urochloa grassland

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of brushwood, black plastic mulch, herbicide, and artificial perch on the natural regeneration of native species in Urochloa grassland. The experiment was conducted between February 2014 and February 2016 in the Dense Ombrophilous Forest, in the municipality of Morretes, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The treatments were: herbicide, herbicide + perch, black plastic mulch, black plastic mulch + perch, brushwood + herbicide, brushwood + herbicide + perch, and a control treatment. The evaluations were carried out at 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months after the installation of the experiment, by counting and identifying regenerating woody species and estimating visually the percentage of herbaceous coverage. Initially, brushwood and black plastic mulch reduced the Urochloa grasses; however, this effect was lost over time due to the rapid growth of the grasses from the edges to the center of the plots. The use of perches in the treatments does not allow a significant increase of other species because of the continued inhibiting conditions for the establishment of seedlings. The herbicide is effective in removing the grasses; however, the recruitment of woody species is only satisfactory when perches are used to attract the dispersing fauna. For a successful ecological restoration of pastures, there is a need for the local elimination of Urochloa grasses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278541
title: Supplementation of grazing beef cattle with narasin

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of narasin inclusion in mineral and protein supplements on the performance and supplement intake of grazing beef yearlings. One hundred and fifty Nellore yearlings with 17.0±0.06 months of age and 219.7±1.62 kg initial body weight (BW) were allocated into 30 experimental units (EUs), with five animals each. The EUs were assigned to 16 paddocks, which were continuously stocked for 28 days, followed by 28 days of rest. A randomized complete block design was used. The experiment lasted 140 days, divided into five periods of 28 days each. The assessed treatments were: control mineral supplement (CON); CON + 1,800 (N1800) or 2,750 (N2750) mg narasin per kilogram of supplement; and protein mineral supplement (PROT) or PROT + 360 mg narasin per kilogram of supplement (PROT 360). The inclusion of narasin in the mineral supplement increased average daily gain (ADG) in the first period and decreased supplement intake in the first, second, and third periods, when compared with the CON treatment. The ADG and supplement intake were similar between the N1800 and N2750 treatments. Narasin has a positive effect on ADG up to 28 days of supplementation and controls mineral supplement intake, without compromising this gain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278542
title: Nonlinear equations to determine the growth curve of immunocastrated pigs

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to compare the performance of the nonlinear Gompertz, logistic, and von Bertalanffy equations, to describe the growth curve of immunocastrated male pigs from birth until reaching 140 kg body weight. Standard error, number of iterations, mean square of the error, and coefficient of determination were compared between the models. The logistic and von Bertalanffy equations do not accurately estimate the initial and slaughter weights. The Gompertz equation shows the highest reliability and is, therefore, the most suitable one to describe the growth curve of immunocastrated pigs from birth until 140 kg body weight is reached.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278542.v1
title: Nonlinear equations to determine the growth curve of immunocastrated pigs

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to compare the performance of the nonlinear Gompertz, logistic, and von Bertalanffy equations, to describe the growth curve of immunocastrated male pigs from birth until reaching 140 kg body weight. Standard error, number of iterations, mean square of the error, and coefficient of determination were compared between the models. The logistic and von Bertalanffy equations do not accurately estimate the initial and slaughter weights. The Gompertz equation shows the highest reliability and is, therefore, the most suitable one to describe the growth curve of immunocastrated pigs from birth until 140 kg body weight is reached.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278541.v1
title: Supplementation of grazing beef cattle with narasin

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of narasin inclusion in mineral and protein supplements on the performance and supplement intake of grazing beef yearlings. One hundred and fifty Nellore yearlings with 17.0±0.06 months of age and 219.7±1.62 kg initial body weight (BW) were allocated into 30 experimental units (EUs), with five animals each. The EUs were assigned to 16 paddocks, which were continuously stocked for 28 days, followed by 28 days of rest. A randomized complete block design was used. The experiment lasted 140 days, divided into five periods of 28 days each. The assessed treatments were: control mineral supplement (CON); CON + 1,800 (N1800) or 2,750 (N2750) mg narasin per kilogram of supplement; and protein mineral supplement (PROT) or PROT + 360 mg narasin per kilogram of supplement (PROT 360). The inclusion of narasin in the mineral supplement increased average daily gain (ADG) in the first period and decreased supplement intake in the first, second, and third periods, when compared with the CON treatment. The ADG and supplement intake were similar between the N1800 and N2750 treatments. Narasin has a positive effect on ADG up to 28 days of supplementation and controls mineral supplement intake, without compromising this gain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278544
title: Intestinal integrity and performance of turkeys subjected to inoculation of Salmonella Enteritidis and a diet supplemented with lactulose

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of lactulose (0.03 mL kg-1) on the intestinal health and weight gain of turkeys subjected to the inoculation of Salmonella serovar (sv.) Enteritidis (SE). A total of 280 turkeys, with one day of age, were distributed in the following treatments: T1, negative control; T2, group that received only lactulose; T3, group subjected to the inoculation of approximately 7.0x105 CFU mL-1 SE; and T4, group subjected to the inoculation of approximately 7.0x105 CFU mL-1 SE and treated with lactulose. Poultry performance was evaluated weekly, and seven turkeys from each treatment were euthanized to collect duodenum and jejunum fragments for the histomorphometric analysis. A lower weight gain was observed in the group that received only the pathogen, and the best performance was observed in the lactulose-treated group. The histomorphometric analysis showed a higher villus:crypts ratio in the duodenum and jejunum samples of the negative control and of the group of turkeys at 7 and 21 days of age treated with the lactulose-supplemented diet. Lactulose allows of a better intestinal development of turkeys until 42 days of age, but it does not interfere with poultry performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278545
title: Relationship between heterosis, weight gain, and body measurements of Nellore and Charolais calves

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the effect of genetic group and heterosis on the relationship between body weight and morphometric measurements, in purebred and crossbred animals from the second (G2) and third (G3) generations of Nellore and Charolais calves. Body weight (BW), average daily weight gain (ADG), foreleg circumference (FC), thoracic girth (TG), body length (BL), and croup height (CH) were measured at birth and at 63, 210, and 365 days of age in animals from G2 and G3. Charolais animals were superior to Nellore ones for gains BW, ADG, BL, and TG, as well as for the ratio between BW gain and CH gain; Nellore animals were superior for CH gains. Crossbred animals of both generations were superior to the purebred animals for gains of BW, BL, and CH. In G2, the predominance of Charolais genes resulted in greater gains of BW, ADG, FC, and TG. The G3 animals were superior to the purebred animals for ADG, FC, and TG. No differences were found for the ratio between gains of weight and morphometric measurements. Heterosis and complementarity are apparent for weight and body measurements of crossbred calves from rotational crossings.