cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qrfj6q5kz
title: Mapping trait versus species turnover reveals spatiotemporal variation in functional redundancy and network robustness in a plant‐pollinator community

description: 1. Functional overlap among species (redundancy) is considered important
 in shaping competitive and mutualistic interactions that determine how
 communities respond to environmental change. Most studies view functional
 redundancy as static, yet traits within species – which ultimately shape
 functional redundancy – can vary over seasonal or spatial gradients. We
 therefore have limited understanding of how trait turnover within and
 between species could lead to changes in functional redundancy or how loss
 of traits could differentially impact mutualistic interactions depending
 on where and when the interactions occur in space and time. 2. Using an
 Arctic bumblebee community as a case study, and 1,277 individual measures
 from 14 species over three annual seasons, we quantified how inter- and
 intraspecific body-size turnover compared to species turnover with
 elevation and over the season. Coupling every individual and their trait
 with a plant visitation, we investigated how grouping individuals by a
 morphological trait or by species identity altered our assessment of
 network structure and how this differed in space and time. Finally, we
 tested how the sensitivity of the network in space and time differed when
 simulating extinction of nodes representing either morphological trait
 similarity or traditional species groups. This allowed us to explore the
 degree to which trait-based groups increase or decrease interaction
 redundancy relative to species-based nodes. 3. We found that i) groups of
 taxonomically and morphologically similar bees turn over in space and time
 independently from each other, with trait turnover being larger over the
 season; ii) networks composed of nodes representing species versus
 morphologically similar bees were structured differently; and iii)
 simulated loss of bee trait groups caused faster coextinction of bumblebee
 species and flowering plants than when bee taxonomic groups were lost.
 Crucially, the magnitude of these effects varied in space and time,
 highlighting the importance of considering spatiotemporal context when
 studying the relative importance of taxonomic and trait contributions to
 interaction network architecture. 4. Our finding that functional
 redundancy varies spatiotemporally demonstrates how considering the traits
 of individuals within networks is needed to understand the impacts of
 environmental variation and extinction on ecosystem functioning and
 resilience.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.905qfttq0
title: Data from: Decreased cerebrospinal fluid orexin levels not associated with clinical sleep disturbance in Parkinson’s disease: A retrospective study

description: Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often suffer from sleep
 disturbances, including excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and rapid eye
 movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD). These symptoms are also
 experienced by patients with narcolepsy, which is characterized by orexin
 neuronal loss. In PD, a decrease in orexin neurons is observed
 pathologically, but the association between sleep disturbance in PD and
 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) orexin levels is still unclear. This study aimed
 to clarify the role of orexin as a biomarker in patients with PD. CSF
 samples were obtained from a previous cohort study conducted between 2015
 and 2020. We cross-sectionally and longitudinally examined the association
 between CSF orexin levels, sleep, and clinical characteristics. We
 analyzed 78 CSF samples from 58 patients with PD and 21 samples from
 controls. CSF orexin levels in patients with PD (median = 272.0
 [interquartile range = 221.7–334.5] pg/mL) were lower than those in
 controls (352.2 [296.2–399.5] pg/mL, p = 0.007). There were no significant
 differences in CSF orexin levels according to EDS, RBD, or the use of
 dopamine agonists. Moreover, no significant correlation was observed
 between CSF orexin levels and clinical characteristics by multiple linear
 regression analysis. Furthermore, the longitudinal changes in orexin
 levels were also not correlated with clinical characteristics. This study
 showed decreased CSF orexin levels in patients with PD, but these levels
 did not show any correlation with any clinical characteristics. Our
 results suggest the limited efficacy of CSF orexin levels as a biomarker
 for PD, and that sleep disturbances may also be affected by dysfunction of
 the nervous system other than orexin, or by dopaminergic treatments in PD.
 Understanding the reciprocal role of orexin among other neurotransmitters
 may provide a better treatment strategy for sleep disturbance in patients
 with PD.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nzs7h44vr
title: Tropicalization shifts herbivore pressure from seagrass to rocky reef communities

description: Climate-driven species redistributions are reshuffling the composition of
 marine ecosystems. How these changes alter ecosystem functions, however,
 remains poorly understood. Here we examine how the impacts of herbivory
 change across a gradient of tropicalization in the Mediterranean Sea,
 which includes a steep climatic gradient and marked changes in plant
 nutritional quality and fish herbivore composition. We quantified
 individual feeding rates and behaviour of 755 fishes of the native Sarpa
 salpa, and non-native Siganus
 rivulatus and Siganus luridus. We measured herbivore and
 benthic assemblage composition across 20 sites along the gradient,
 spanning 30º of longitude and 8º of latitude. We coupled patterns in
 behaviour and composition with temperature measurements and nutrient
 concentrations to assess changes in herbivory under tropicalization. We
 found a transition in ecological impacts by fish herbivory across the
 Mediterranean from a predominance of seagrass herbivory in the west to a
 dominance of macroalgal herbivory in the east. Underlying this shift were
 changes in both individual feeding behaviour (i.e., food choice) and fish
 assemblage composition. The shift in feeding selectivity was consistent
 among temperate and warm-affiliated herbivores. Our findings suggest
 herbivory can contribute to the increased vulnerability of seaweed
 communities and reduced vulnerability of seagrass meadows in tropicalized
 ecosystems.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3r2280gkw
title: Designing and implementing smart glass technology for emergency medical services: A sociotechnical perspective

description: Objective: This study aims to investigate key considerations and critical
 factors that influence the implementation and adoption of smart glasses in
 fast-paced medical settings such as emergency medical services (EMS).
 Materials and Methods: We employed a sociotechnical theoretical framework
 and conducted a set of participatory design workshops with fifteen EMS
 providers to elicit their opinions and concerns about using smart glasses
 in real practice. Results: Smart glasses were recognized as a useful tool
 to improve EMS workflow given their hands-free nature and capability of
 processing and capturing various patient data. Out of the eight dimensions
 of the sociotechnical model, we found that hardware and software,
 human-computer interface, workflow, and external rules and regulations
 were cited as the major factors that could influence the adoption of this
 novel technology. EMS participants highlighted several key requirements
 for successful implementation of smart glasses in the EMS context, such as
 durable devices, easy-to-use and minimal interface design, seamless
 integration with existing systems and workflow, and secure data
 management. Discussion: Applications of the sociotechnical model allowed
 us to identify a range of factors, including not only technical aspects,
 but also social, organizational, and human factors, that impact the
 implementation and uptake of smart glasses in EMS. Our work informs design
 implications for smart glass applications to fulfill EMS providers’ needs.
 Conclusion: The successful implementation of smart glasses in EMS and
 other dynamic healthcare settings needs careful consideration of
 sociotechnical issues and close collaboration between different
 stakeholders.
description: The data was collected through a set of participatory design
 workshops with fifteen EMS providers. We constructed discussion questions
 guided by Sittig and Singh's sociotechnical framework and asked the
 participants to discuss key social, technical, and organizational
 considerations for using smart glasses in pre-hospital care. The workshops
 were conducted remotely via Zoom and all activities were audio and video
 recorded.  We transcribed the discussions and loaded
 the transcripts into NVivo (QSR International, Version 12). Three
 researchers were involved in the data analysis process following the open
 coding techniques to identify salient patterns and classify them into the
 eight dimensions of  Sittig and Singh's sociotechnical
 framework.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bg79cnpf2
title: Data from: Landscape distribution of the South Mountains gray-cheeked salamander (Plethodon meridianus)

description: Since being described in the year 2000, little ecological information has
 accumulated for the South Mountains Gray-cheeked Salamander (Plethodon
 meridianus), a narrowly-distributed species in southern Appalachia. In
 this study, we used repeat surveys to model occupancy and abundance of P.
 meridianus along a transect running from the approximate range center to
 range edge. We found a strong effect of elevation and distance to streams
 as predictors of occupancy and abundance. The number of days since rain
 had a strong impact on detection probability, likely due to its effect on
 salamander surface activity (i.e., time outside of burrow), as opposed to
 observer error. Treating elevation as a proxy for distance to the range
 edge, we found that occupancy and abundance declined toward the range
 edge, supporting the center-periphery hypothesis. Our findings matched
 that of similar, previous studies: at low elevations in dry habitat,
 salamanders are only found along the cooler microhabitat of streams, while
 at high elevations, salamanders are more widespread across the landscape.
description: # **Landscape distribution of the South Mountains Gray-cheeked Salamander
 (*Plethodon meridianus*)** This was an observational study, where
 occupancy and abundance of the South Mountains Gray-cheeked Salamander
 were modeled as functions of the environment. Data were collected from
 repeat field surveys of 4m x 4m plots. Data were analyzed using JAGS and
 R. #### Description of the Data and file structure abundance_data.csv -
 counts of individual salamanders with covariates. The site column
 represents individual plots used in the study. The ‘y’ columns represent
 counts from separate visits. The ‘Elevation’, ‘Canopy_percentage’
 (percentage canopy cover), and ‘StreamDist’ (minimum distance to stream)
 columns are abundance covariates. The ‘Days_since_Rain’ and ’T_degC’
 (temperature in Celsius) are detection covariates. occupancy_data.csv -
 detection history of plots salamanders with covariates. The site column
 represents individual plots used in the study. The ‘y’ columns represent
 detection histories from separate visits. The ‘Elevation’,
 ‘Canopy_percentage’ (percentage canopy cover), and ‘StreamDist’ (minimum
 distance to stream) columns are occupancy covariates. The
 ‘Days_since_Rain’ and ’T_degC’ (temperature in Celsius) are detection
 covariates. abundance_submission.jags - code to conduct Bayesian N-mixture
 model. occupancy_submission.jags - code to conduct Bayesian occupancy
 model. Model_script_submission.R - R code used to pre-process data before
 interfacing with JAGS to build occupancy and N-mixture models.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.43qjbq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1100 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Tajuria cippus"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1100 records from 24 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003422-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pg4f4qrts
title: DNA matrix, phylogram and chronogram of Pepsini species

description: This dataset submission consists of a DNA matrix and two tree files. The
 phylogeny file of UCE loci for 39 taxa was required to construct a Maximum
 Likelihood tree. The tree file was needed to examine the topology and the
 topology was used to examine the limits of two taxonomically challenging
 genera within the tribe Pepsini, Cryptocheilus and Heterodontonyx. The
 time-calibrated tree was built with MCMCTree program to estimate the
 divergence pattern and timing of the group.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k3j9kd5c0
title: Data for: Convergence and contingency in the evolution of a specialized mode of life: Multiple origins and high disparity of rock-boring bivalves

description: Evolutionary adaptation to novel, specialized modes of life is often
 associated with close mapping of form to function, resulting in narrow
 morphological disparity. For Bivalvia, endolithy (rock-boring) has
 biomechanical requirements thought to diverge strongly from those of the
 ancestral shallow-burrowing habit in soft sediments. However, 3D
 morphometric data from 73 species among ~94% of extant endolithic genera
 and families, along with 384 non-endolithic species in those families,
 show that endolithy has originated at least eight times. Endolithy is
 evolutionarily accessible from multiple morphological starting points,
 evidenced by the morphologies of the oldest fossil members of families.
 Although some endoliths appear to converge on a limited set of shell
 morphologies, the total range of endolith shell morphologies among the
 broadest for bivalve life habits, and lacks any unifying morphological
 trait. Nevertheless, endolithy is a taxon-poor habit today. This limited
 richness evidently does not derive from damped origination or heightened
 extinction rates on lineages containing endoliths, and today's
 endoliths are not confined to low diversity biogeographic regions.
 Instead, endolithy may be limited by habitat availability. Both
 determinism (convergence among distantly related taxa) and contingency
 (endoliths remain close to the disparate morphologies of their source
 clades) underlie the occupation of endolith morphospace.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zkh1893dh
title: Dataset: Evolution of gliding in squirrel-related rodents (Mammalia: Sciuromorpha) did not induce a new optimum on the cortical thickness of the scapular glenoid fossa

description: Many of the squirrel-related rodents (i.e., Sciuromorpha) are
 tree-dwelling species known to be very agile climbers. This taxon also
 includes the most diverse clade of gliding (aerial) mammals that likely
 descended from a non-gliding arboreal ancestor and evolved a patagium
 (i.e., a gliding membrane) to increase gliding performance. Glides can
 cover distances of up to 150 m and landing is typically accomplished by
 stalling the patagium to reduce impact velocity. It remains unclear if
 this behavior suffices to keep stresses on the locomotor apparatus similar
 to those experienced by their arboreal relatives or whether gliding
 behavior increases landing forces and stresses. The sparsely available
 support reaction force data are ambiguous, but bone microstructure is
 highly adaptable to changes in loading regime and likely provides insights
 into this question. Using µCT scans, we compared the cortical thickness of
 the glenoid fossa of the shoulder joint between arboreal and aerial
 Sciuromorpha using evolutionary model comparison, while also accounting
 for regional differences of the glenoid fossa. We did not find any
 differences between these locomotor behaviors, irrespective of the region.
 These findings agree with previous analyses of the microstructure of the
 femur in Sciuromorpha. We discuss different aspects that could explain the
 similarity in cortical thickness. According to our analysis of glenoid
 cortical thickness the loading regime appears not to have changed after
 the evolution of gliding locomotion, likely due to adjustments in landing
 performance.
description: CT scans, measured with Fiji.
description: Data can be accessed using R, Fiji.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6m905qg3v
title: Combined sequence matrix for: Molecular phylogenetic tools reveal the phytogeographic history of the genus Capparis L. and suggest its reclassification

description: Capparis L. is the largest genus of the family Capparaceae, represented by
 142 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World. Despite being
 one of the medicinally and economically important genera with its unique
 distribution pattern, the evolutionary history of Capparis remained
 unexplored. Moreover, the phylogenetic relationships, origin, dispersal,
 and character evolution of the genus were poorly understood. With the
 objectives to (i) test the congruence between the molecular and
 morphological datasets, (ii) validate Jacobs' hypothesis on the
 origin, dispersal, and speciation pattern of Capparis using new fossil
 data, and (iii) understand the possible evolutionary role of some key
 morphological characters, we sampled across the five speciation centres of
 Capparis. The results derived from three plastidial markers (matK, trnL-F
 and rbcL) revealed incongruence with the morphological datasets and
 suggested a new sectional classification in Capparis. Divergence dating
 analysis revealed that Capparaceae originated in Africa at 47.25 MYA and
 Capparis in Peninsular India at about 29.32 MYA. Capparis followed
 multiple forward and backward dispersal, supporting the “into and out of
 India” hypothesis. These dispersal events were consistent with the various
 land bridges present during the Eocene to Miocene in different parts of
 the old world. The only long-distance dispersal event was observed in the
 case of the new world Capparaceae, corroborating the earlier findings. Our
 results suggest West Asia to the North African region as another centre of
 speciation for Capparis and present a robust age estimate for the
 genus. The character state reconstruction of Capparis revealed a unique
 evolutionary adaptation due to exposure to various climatic conditions and
 the acquisition of suitable pollination strategies. We hypothesize that
 the gynophore length, calyx shape, and blotches on petals contribute
 substantially to the pollination success.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.q9cdtt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 399 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Hippophae tibetana"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 399 records from 41 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003421-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5qfttdz9d
title: Data for: Energetic consequences of prey type in little penguins (Eudyptula minor)

description: Investigation of foraging decisions can help understand how animals
 efficiently gather and exploit food. Prey chase and handling times are
 important aspects of foraging efficiency, influencing the net energy gain
 derived from a prey item. However, these metrics are often overlooked in
 studies of foraging behaviour due to the difficulty in observing them. The
 present study used animal-borne cameras to investigate the type, duration
 and energetic consequences of predator-prey interactions in little
 penguins (Eudyptula minor) (n = 32) from two colonies in Bass Strait,
 south-eastern Australia. A total of 7 main prey items were observed and
 consumed by little penguins. Penguins were observed to consume prey types
 and use strategies that have not been previously documented. These
 included consumption of bellowsfish (Macroramphosus scolopax) and other
 fish species captured sheltering around jellyfish or extracted dead from
 the tentacles. Chase and handling time varied with prey type and lasted ~2
 s for most prey. Profitability varied amongst prey types, with a greater
 amount of low profitable prey being consumed, suggesting a trade-off
 between minimising energetic costs, and increasing capture rates. These
 results highlight the use of animal-borne video data loggers to further
 understand the foraging adaptations of important predators in the marine
 environment.
description: Video data were obtained from animal-borne cameras. Video files
 were analysed frame-by-frame to assign behaviour categories of individuals
 and identify prey capture attempts and outcomes.
description: The data are available as csv files which can be accessed in any
 text editor or Excel.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2v6wwpzsp
title: Morphological data from: Strong species structure but weak geographical structure in demersal Lake Victoria cichlids

description: Studying phenotypic and genetic differentiation between very young species
 can be very informative with regard to learning about processes of
 speciation. Identifying and characterizing genetic species structure and
 distinguishing it from spatial genetic structure within a species is a
 prerequisite for this and is often not given sufficient attention. Young
 radiations of cichlid fish are classical speciation study systems.
 However, it is only during the past decade that population genomics based
 on next-generation sequencing has begun to provide the power to resolve
 species and distinguish speciation from spatial population structure for
 the youngest of these radiations. The Lake Victoria haplochromine cichlids
 constitute the youngest large cichlid fish radiation, probably less than
 20,000 years old. Earlier work showed that communities of rocky reef
 cichlids are composed of many reciprocally monophyletic species despite
 their very recent origins. Here, we build on this work by studying
 assemblages of offshore demersal cichlids, adding analyses of
 within-species spatial structure to the sympatric species structure. We
 sampled seven multispecies communities along a 6km-long transect from one
 side of the Mwanza Gulf to the other side. We investigated whether
 phenotypically diagnosed putative species are reciprocally monophyletic
 and whether such monophyly is stable across species geographic ranges. We
 show that all species are genetically strongly differentiated in sympatry,
 that they are reciprocally monophyletic and that monophyly is stable
 across distribution ranges. We found significant differentiation between
 geographically distinct populations in two species, but no or weak
 isolation-by-distance. We further found subtle but significant
 morphological differences between all species and a linear relationship
 between genomic and morphological distance which suggests that differences
 in morphology begin to accumulate after speciation has already affected
 genome-wide restrictions of gene flow. 
description: Fish were collected on a research transect in the Mwanza Gulf of
 Lake Victoria. We measured 15 morphological traits that have proven
 powerful for quantifying intraspecific and interspecific morphological
 variation in haplochromine cichlids of Lake Victoria: standard length
 (SL), head length (HL), head width (HW), body depth (BD), lower jaw length
 (LJL), lower jaw width (LJW), snout length (SnL), snout width (SnW), cheek
 depth (ChD), preorbital depth (POD), preorbital width (POW), interorbital
 width (IOW), eye length (EyL) and depth (EyD), and premaxillary pedicel
 length (PPL). We measured 661 individuals using digital
 calipers.
description: Excel