cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25569834
title: Fluorine-modified polymers reduce the adsorption of immune-reactive proteins to PEGylated gold nanoparticles

description: <b>Aim: </b>To investigate the influence of fluorine in reducing the adsorption of immune-reactive proteins onto PEGylated gold nanoparticles. <b>Methods: </b>Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, the Turkevich method and ligand exchange were used to prepare polymer-coated gold nanoparticles. Subsequent <i>in vitro </i>physicochemical and biological characterizations and proteomic analysis were performed. <b>Results: </b>Fluorine-modified polymers reduced the adsorption of complement and other immune-reactive proteins while potentially improving circulatory times and modulating liver toxicity by reducing apolipoprotein E adsorption. Fluorine actively discouraged phagocytosis while encouraging the adsorption of therapeutic targets, CD209 and signaling molecule calreticulin. <b>Conclusion: </b>This study suggests that the addition of fluorine in the surface coating of nanoparticles could lead to improved performance in nanomedicine designed for the intravenous delivery of cargos.<b>Plain language summary: </b>Nanomedicines are based around the delivery of therapies by tiny, nanosized delivery vehicles. This method offers a much better way of specifically targeting life-threatening diseases. For fast delivery, nanomedicines can be injected into the blood (intravenously); however, this often leads to an unwanted and exaggerated immune response. The immune system is activated by proteins in the blood that attach themselves to nanoparticles through various chemical interactions (the protein corona effect). Fluorine is a chemical routinely used in surfactants such as firefighting foam and more recently in molecular imaging and nanoparticles designed for the delivery of therapies aimed at cancer. While fluorine has great potential to improve the cellular uptake of therapies, little is known about whether it can also help camouflage the nanoparticles against the immune system responses. Here, using fluorinated polymer-coated gold nanoparticles, the authors demonstrate that fluorine reduces uptake by immune cells and is highly effective at reducing the binding of immune system-initiating proteins. This work successfully illustrates the rationale for more widespread investigation of fluorine during the development of polymer coated nanoparticles designed for the intravenous delivery of nanomedicines.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25569834.v1
title: Fluorine-modified polymers reduce the adsorption of immune-reactive proteins to PEGylated gold nanoparticles

description: <b>Aim: </b>To investigate the influence of fluorine in reducing the adsorption of immune-reactive proteins onto PEGylated gold nanoparticles. <b>Methods: </b>Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, the Turkevich method and ligand exchange were used to prepare polymer-coated gold nanoparticles. Subsequent <i>in vitro </i>physicochemical and biological characterizations and proteomic analysis were performed. <b>Results: </b>Fluorine-modified polymers reduced the adsorption of complement and other immune-reactive proteins while potentially improving circulatory times and modulating liver toxicity by reducing apolipoprotein E adsorption. Fluorine actively discouraged phagocytosis while encouraging the adsorption of therapeutic targets, CD209 and signaling molecule calreticulin. <b>Conclusion: </b>This study suggests that the addition of fluorine in the surface coating of nanoparticles could lead to improved performance in nanomedicine designed for the intravenous delivery of cargos.<b>Plain language summary: </b>Nanomedicines are based around the delivery of therapies by tiny, nanosized delivery vehicles. This method offers a much better way of specifically targeting life-threatening diseases. For fast delivery, nanomedicines can be injected into the blood (intravenously); however, this often leads to an unwanted and exaggerated immune response. The immune system is activated by proteins in the blood that attach themselves to nanoparticles through various chemical interactions (the protein corona effect). Fluorine is a chemical routinely used in surfactants such as firefighting foam and more recently in molecular imaging and nanoparticles designed for the delivery of therapies aimed at cancer. While fluorine has great potential to improve the cellular uptake of therapies, little is known about whether it can also help camouflage the nanoparticles against the immune system responses. Here, using fluorinated polymer-coated gold nanoparticles, the authors demonstrate that fluorine reduces uptake by immune cells and is highly effective at reducing the binding of immune system-initiating proteins. This work successfully illustrates the rationale for more widespread investigation of fluorine during the development of polymer coated nanoparticles designed for the intravenous delivery of nanomedicines.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25569867
title: Compritol®-based solid lipid nanoparticles of desvenlafaxine prepared by ultrasonication-assisted hot-melt encapsulation to modify its release

description: <b>Aims: </b>Desvenlafaxine (DES) in conventional dosage forms shows initial burst release after oral administration, leading to exaggeration of its side effects. These side effects can be overcome by a sustained-release dosage form using the chemically inert, low-melting-point lipid Compritol®<i> </i>888 ATO, as it reduces initial burst release. <b>Materials & methods: </b>The potential of DES-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (DES-SLNs) synthesized by ultrasonication-assisted hot-melt encapsulation to modify the release of DES was investigated. <b>Results: </b>The entrapment efficiency of DES-SLNs was 65.90% with the <i>in vitro </i>release profile showing a sustained-release behavior achieving 81% cumulative release within 16 h without initial burst release. <b>Conclusion: </b>DES-SLNs are a potential carrier for sustained release of water-soluble antidepressant drugs such as DES.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25569867.v1
title: Compritol®-based solid lipid nanoparticles of desvenlafaxine prepared by ultrasonication-assisted hot-melt encapsulation to modify its release

description: <b>Aims: </b>Desvenlafaxine (DES) in conventional dosage forms shows initial burst release after oral administration, leading to exaggeration of its side effects. These side effects can be overcome by a sustained-release dosage form using the chemically inert, low-melting-point lipid Compritol®<i> </i>888 ATO, as it reduces initial burst release. <b>Materials & methods: </b>The potential of DES-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (DES-SLNs) synthesized by ultrasonication-assisted hot-melt encapsulation to modify the release of DES was investigated. <b>Results: </b>The entrapment efficiency of DES-SLNs was 65.90% with the <i>in vitro </i>release profile showing a sustained-release behavior achieving 81% cumulative release within 16 h without initial burst release. <b>Conclusion: </b>DES-SLNs are a potential carrier for sustained release of water-soluble antidepressant drugs such as DES.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25651608
title: Enhanced oral bioavailability of levormeloxifene and raloxifene by nanoemulsion: simultaneous bioanalysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

description: <b>Aim & objective: </b>Levormeloxifene (L-ORM) and raloxifene (RAL) are selective estrogen receptor modulators used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer. Here, we developed and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS<b>/</b>MS) method for the simultaneous estimation of both drugs. <b>Materials & methods: </b>A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used for the optimization of the nanoemulsion, and US FDA guidelines were followed for method validation. <b>Results: </b>Multiple reaction monitoring transitions were used for L-ORM (459.05<b>→</b>98.50), RAL (475.00<b>→</b>112.02) and internal standard (180.10<b>→</b>110.2). Analytes were resolved in a C18 column with 80:20 v<b>/</b>v% acetonitrile (ACN), 0.1% formic acid in triple-distilled water as a mobile phase. The developed method was linear over a concentration range of 1–600 ng<b>/</b>ml. Pharmacokinetic results of free L-ORM–RAL and the L-ORM–RAL nanoemulsion showed Cmax of free L-ORM – 70.65 <b> </b><b>} </b>16.64, free RAL 13.53 <b> </b><b>} </b>2.72, LORM nanoemulsion 65.07 <b> </b><b>} </b>14.0 and RAL-nanoemulsion 59.27 <b> </b><b>} </b>17.44 ng<b>/</b>ml. <b>Conclusion: </b>Future findings will contribute to the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer using L-ORM and RAL.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25651608.v1
title: Enhanced oral bioavailability of levormeloxifene and raloxifene by nanoemulsion: simultaneous bioanalysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

description: <b>Aim & objective: </b>Levormeloxifene (L-ORM) and raloxifene (RAL) are selective estrogen receptor modulators used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer. Here, we developed and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS<b>/</b>MS) method for the simultaneous estimation of both drugs. <b>Materials & methods: </b>A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used for the optimization of the nanoemulsion, and US FDA guidelines were followed for method validation. <b>Results: </b>Multiple reaction monitoring transitions were used for L-ORM (459.05<b>→</b>98.50), RAL (475.00<b>→</b>112.02) and internal standard (180.10<b>→</b>110.2). Analytes were resolved in a C18 column with 80:20 v<b>/</b>v% acetonitrile (ACN), 0.1% formic acid in triple-distilled water as a mobile phase. The developed method was linear over a concentration range of 1–600 ng<b>/</b>ml. Pharmacokinetic results of free L-ORM–RAL and the L-ORM–RAL nanoemulsion showed Cmax of free L-ORM – 70.65 <b> </b><b>} </b>16.64, free RAL 13.53 <b> </b><b>} </b>2.72, LORM nanoemulsion 65.07 <b> </b><b>} </b>14.0 and RAL-nanoemulsion 59.27 <b> </b><b>} </b>17.44 ng<b>/</b>ml. <b>Conclusion: </b>Future findings will contribute to the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer using L-ORM and RAL.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25672353
title: Secondary metabolites in topical infectious diseases and nanomedicine applications

description: Topical infection affects nearly one-third of the world’s population; it may result from poor sanitation, hygienic conditions and crowded living and working conditions that accelerate the spread of topical infectious diseases. The problems associated with the anti-infective agents are drug resistance and longterm therapy. Secondary metabolites are obtained from plants, microorganisms and animals, but they are metabolized inside the human body. The integration of nanotechnology into secondary metabolites is gaining attention due to their interaction at the subatomic and skin-tissue levels. Hydrogel, liposomes, lipidic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles are the most suitable carriers for secondary metabolite delivery. Therefore, the present review article extensively discusses the topical applications of nanomedicines for the effective delivery of secondary metabolites.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25672353.v1
title: Secondary metabolites in topical infectious diseases and nanomedicine applications

description: Topical infection affects nearly one-third of the world’s population; it may result from poor sanitation, hygienic conditions and crowded living and working conditions that accelerate the spread of topical infectious diseases. The problems associated with the anti-infective agents are drug resistance and longterm therapy. Secondary metabolites are obtained from plants, microorganisms and animals, but they are metabolized inside the human body. The integration of nanotechnology into secondary metabolites is gaining attention due to their interaction at the subatomic and skin-tissue levels. Hydrogel, liposomes, lipidic nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles and metallic nanoparticles are the most suitable carriers for secondary metabolite delivery. Therefore, the present review article extensively discusses the topical applications of nanomedicines for the effective delivery of secondary metabolites.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-77651
title: Connie Haines' wedding, 1951

description: 5 images. Connie Haines' wedding, 7 September 1951. Barbara Haines (maid of honor); Connie Haines; Robert M. DeHaven; Clarence Shoop.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Sandusky. Date: 1951-09-07. Assignment: Connie Haines Weddg. 25/26: Barbara Haines (maid of honor); Connie Haines; Robert M. DeHaven; Clarence Shoop. 27/28: Robert DeHaven; Connie Haines; cake".
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25690902
title: Curcumin nanogel and its efficacy against oxidative stress and inflammation in rat models of ischemic stroke

description: <b>Aim: </b>The study was designed to develop and analyze curcumin nanoparticles. <b>Methods: </b>Curcumin nanoparticles were formulated and evaluated. Their efficacy in protecting against brain damage was investigated in a rat model of ischemic stroke, considering motor function, muscle strength and antioxidant enzyme activity. <b>Results: </b>Curcumin nanoparticles displayed a zeta potential of - 55 <b>± </b>13.5 mV and an average particle size of 51.40 <b>± </b>21.70 nm. In ischemic stroke rat models, curcumin nanoparticle treatment significantly improved motor functions, and muscle strength and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. <b>Conclusion: </b>Curcumin nanoparticles showed significant neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke models.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25690902.v1
title: Curcumin nanogel and its efficacy against oxidative stress and inflammation in rat models of ischemic stroke

description: <b>Aim: </b>The study was designed to develop and analyze curcumin nanoparticles. <b>Methods: </b>Curcumin nanoparticles were formulated and evaluated. Their efficacy in protecting against brain damage was investigated in a rat model of ischemic stroke, considering motor function, muscle strength and antioxidant enzyme activity. <b>Results: </b>Curcumin nanoparticles displayed a zeta potential of - 55 <b>± </b>13.5 mV and an average particle size of 51.40 <b>± </b>21.70 nm. In ischemic stroke rat models, curcumin nanoparticle treatment significantly improved motor functions, and muscle strength and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes like glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. <b>Conclusion: </b>Curcumin nanoparticles showed significant neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke models.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25722792
title: Rethinking the application of nanoparticles in women’s reproductive health and assisted reproduction

description: Nanoparticles and nanotechnology may present opportunities to revolutionize the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of a range of reproductive health conditions in women. These technologies are also used to improve outcomes of assisted reproductive technology. We highlight a range of these potential clinical uses of nanoparticles for polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, uterine fibroids and sexually transmitted infections, considering <i>in vitro </i>and <i>in vivo </i>studies along with clinical trials. In addition, we discuss applications of nanoparticles in assisted reproductive technology, including sperm loading, gamete and embryo preservation and preventing preterm birth. Finally, we present some of the concerns associated with the medical use of nanoparticles, identifying routes for further exploration before nanoparticles can be applied to women’s reproductive health in the clinic.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25722792.v1
title: Rethinking the application of nanoparticles in women’s reproductive health and assisted reproduction

description: Nanoparticles and nanotechnology may present opportunities to revolutionize the prevention, treatment and diagnosis of a range of reproductive health conditions in women. These technologies are also used to improve outcomes of assisted reproductive technology. We highlight a range of these potential clinical uses of nanoparticles for polycystic ovary syndrome, endometriosis, uterine fibroids and sexually transmitted infections, considering <i>in vitro </i>and <i>in vivo </i>studies along with clinical trials. In addition, we discuss applications of nanoparticles in assisted reproductive technology, including sperm loading, gamete and embryo preservation and preventing preterm birth. Finally, we present some of the concerns associated with the medical use of nanoparticles, identifying routes for further exploration before nanoparticles can be applied to women’s reproductive health in the clinic.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25746546
title: Tailoring micellar nanocarriers for pemetrexed in breast cancer: design, fabrication and <i>in vitro</i> evaluation

description: <b>Aim:</b> To investigate the pemetrexed encapsulated polymeric mixed micelles (PMMs) against breast cancer treatment. <b>Methods:</b> We meticulously optimized the formulation and conducted extensive characterizations, including photon correlation spectroscopy for micellization, advanced analytical techniques and <i>in vitro</i> cell line assessments. <b>Results:</b> The PMM exhibited favorable characteristics, with a spherical morphology, hydrodynamic particle size of 19.58 ± 0.89 nm, polydispersity index of 0.245 ± 0.1, and a surface charge of -9.70 ± 0.61 mV. Encapsulation efficiency and drug payload reached 96.16 ± 0.37% and 4.5 ± 0.32%, respectively. Cytotoxicity analysis indicated superior efficacy of the PMM over the drug solution. <b>Conclusion:</b> The PMM formulation exhibited controlled release of the drug, and demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells, highlighting its therapeutic promise.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25746546.v1
title: Tailoring micellar nanocarriers for pemetrexed in breast cancer: design, fabrication and <i>in vitro</i> evaluation

description: <b>Aim:</b> To investigate the pemetrexed encapsulated polymeric mixed micelles (PMMs) against breast cancer treatment. <b>Methods:</b> We meticulously optimized the formulation and conducted extensive characterizations, including photon correlation spectroscopy for micellization, advanced analytical techniques and <i>in vitro</i> cell line assessments. <b>Results:</b> The PMM exhibited favorable characteristics, with a spherical morphology, hydrodynamic particle size of 19.58 ± 0.89 nm, polydispersity index of 0.245 ± 0.1, and a surface charge of -9.70 ± 0.61 mV. Encapsulation efficiency and drug payload reached 96.16 ± 0.37% and 4.5 ± 0.32%, respectively. Cytotoxicity analysis indicated superior efficacy of the PMM over the drug solution. <b>Conclusion:</b> The PMM formulation exhibited controlled release of the drug, and demonstrated enhanced cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells, highlighting its therapeutic promise.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-18426
title: Los Angeles Athletic Club swimmers, 1948

description: 5 images. Los Angeles Athletic Club swimmers, 10 October 1948. Sharon Geary; Muriel Mellon.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25786224
title: Development of an ultrasound-mediated nano-sized drug-delivery system for cancer treatment: from theory to experiment

description: <b>Aim:</b> To establish a methodology for understanding how ultrasound (US) induces drug release from nano-sized drug-delivery systems (NSDDSs) and enhances drug penetration and uptake in tumors. This aims to advance cancer treatment strategies. <b>Materials & methods:</b> We developed a multi-physics mathematical model to elucidate and understand the intricate mechanisms governing drug release, transport and delivery. Unique <i>in vitro</i> models (monolayer, multilayer, spheroid) and a tailored US exposure setup were introduced to evaluate drug penetration and uptake. <b>Results:</b> The results highlight the potential advantages of US-mediated NSDDSs over conventional NSDDSs and chemotherapy, notably in enhancing drug release and inducing cell death. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our sophisticated numerical and experimental methods aid in determining and quantifying drug penetration and uptake into solid tumors.
DOI: 10.25402/nnm.25786224.v1
title: Development of an ultrasound-mediated nano-sized drug-delivery system for cancer treatment: from theory to experiment

description: <b>Aim:</b> To establish a methodology for understanding how ultrasound (US) induces drug release from nano-sized drug-delivery systems (NSDDSs) and enhances drug penetration and uptake in tumors. This aims to advance cancer treatment strategies. <b>Materials & methods:</b> We developed a multi-physics mathematical model to elucidate and understand the intricate mechanisms governing drug release, transport and delivery. Unique <i>in vitro</i> models (monolayer, multilayer, spheroid) and a tailored US exposure setup were introduced to evaluate drug penetration and uptake. <b>Results:</b> The results highlight the potential advantages of US-mediated NSDDSs over conventional NSDDSs and chemotherapy, notably in enhancing drug release and inducing cell death. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our sophisticated numerical and experimental methods aid in determining and quantifying drug penetration and uptake into solid tumors.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-17154
title: Board of Education, 1951

description: 4 images. Board of Education, 30 August 1951. J. Paul Elliott; Mrs. Eleanor B. Allen.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-109182
title: Admiral Radford arrival, 1954

description: 5 images. Admiral Radford arrival, 5 January 1954. Admiral Arthur W. Radford; Mrs. Arthur W. Radford; Walter Robertson (Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern Affairs). ; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Rustan. Date: 1954-01-05. Assignment: Admiral Radford arrival. 33, Bottom to top: Admiral Arthur W. Radford, Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Staff; his wife, Mariana; and Walter Robertson, Assistant Sec. of State for Far Eastern Affairs, arrive at International Airport. 73: Adm. Arthur W. Radford, talks to newsmen. 74, L to R: Adm. A.W. Radford, and Walter Robertson, talk to newsmen. 67, L to R: Adm. Radford and The Great Thomas Towers, esquire, etc."
DOI: 10.15468/dl.94ra95
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3281 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is one of (Aniseia martinicensis (Jacq.) Choisy)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3281 records from 242 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017279-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-18615
title: National Horseshow, 1949

description: 16 images. National Horseshow, 26 May 1949. Rudy Smithers; J.J. Kessler (on "Rory O'Moore"); Horse with blinkers is "Rex Qui Saleet"); Other horse is "Hop-A-Long".; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Monte[verde]. Date: 05-26. Assignment: National Horse Show. Man is Rudy Smithers of the Heatherwood Landscape Nurseries, his horse with blinkers is 'Rex Qui Saleet'; other horse he rides without blinkers is 'Hop-a-long'. Woman on horse is Mrs. J.J. Kessler up on Rory O'Moore. They both watch 'Snuffy' the Dog as he shows (L to R:) 'Hop-a-Long' and 'Rory O'Moore' how it is done dog fashion!! Respective owners with horses".