cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518332.v1
title: Multivariate techniques in the determination of genetic diversity in pest-resistant mini tomato genotypes

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare methods of multivariate analysis on the evaluation of genetic diversity of mini tomato and to identify promising genotypes with resistance to pests. The experiment was conducted at the Vegetable Experiment Station of the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Monte Carmelo campus, from April 2013 to November 2016. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with 16 treatments and four replications totaling 64 plots, and each plot represented by five plants. Sixteen genotypes were characterized, 12 from the F2RC1 generation, obtained through the interspecific crossing between the wild access LA-716 (Solanum pennellii) and pre-commercial lines of mini tomato (UFU-73 and UFU-2) (Solanum lycopersicum) and the UFU-2 lines. The content of acyl sugar, the amount of glandular trichomes (types I, IV, VI and VII), twospotted spider mite and whitefly resistance were evaluated. We concluded that there exist genetic variability between the genotypes. The number of groups formed by the canonical variated analysis was higher (four groups) than that obtained by the Tocher method (three groups) and UPGMA (three groups), demonstrating a greater discrimination power. The Tocher and UPGMA methods were consistent in the analysis of the genetic divergence in pest resistant germplasm of tomato, with the acyl sugar content being the most important variable. Genotype UFU-73-F2RC1 # 11 is resistant to pest attack, while the other studied lines have intermediate resistance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986760
title: Search for sources of resistance to Meloidogyne enterolobii in commercial and wild tomatoes

description: ABSTRACT Meloidogyne enterolobii (=M. mayaguensis) is an emerging plant pathogen capable of inducing root galls and yield reduction in a wide range of host species. This pathogen has also been reported as a global threat for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) crop production mainly due to its ability to overcome the resistance meditated by the Mi-1 gene. Despite the potential importance of this nematode, sources of resistance to M. enterolobii are not yet available for breeding purposes. The main objective of the present work was to evaluate a large Solanum (section Lycopersicum) germplasm (comprising nine species and one botanic variety) aiming to identify useful sources of resistance to M. enterolobii. In the first screening assay, 101 accessions and the susceptible standard S. lycopersicum ‘Santa Cruz’ were inoculated and evaluated under controlled conditions. The phenotypic criteria used for evaluation were the number of root galls, gall index, number of eggs, and the reproduction factor. Plants of the 20 selected accessions were cultivated in 0.4 L pots filled with sterile soil. Inoculation procedures were identical to the first assay, but with higher inoculum pressure (3,300 eggs per plant). Three accessions with superior tolerance levels to M. enterolobii were identified viz. S. lycopersicum ‘Yoshimatsu’, S. lycopersicum ‘CNPH 1246’ and S. pimpinelifolium CGO 7650 (= CNPH 1195). These accessions were re-evaluated against a distinct M. enterolobii population as well as against two other root-knot nematode species (M. javanica and one M. incognita race 1). Under higher inoculum pressure, ‘Yoshimatsu’ was found to be resistant to M. javanica and M. incognita race 1, but susceptible to M. enterolobii from guava. The other two sources displayed susceptibility to all three nematodes. Additional germplasm screening is needed since no source of stable genetic resistance to M. enterolobii was found so far.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986760.v1
title: Search for sources of resistance to Meloidogyne enterolobii in commercial and wild tomatoes

description: ABSTRACT Meloidogyne enterolobii (=M. mayaguensis) is an emerging plant pathogen capable of inducing root galls and yield reduction in a wide range of host species. This pathogen has also been reported as a global threat for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) crop production mainly due to its ability to overcome the resistance meditated by the Mi-1 gene. Despite the potential importance of this nematode, sources of resistance to M. enterolobii are not yet available for breeding purposes. The main objective of the present work was to evaluate a large Solanum (section Lycopersicum) germplasm (comprising nine species and one botanic variety) aiming to identify useful sources of resistance to M. enterolobii. In the first screening assay, 101 accessions and the susceptible standard S. lycopersicum ‘Santa Cruz’ were inoculated and evaluated under controlled conditions. The phenotypic criteria used for evaluation were the number of root galls, gall index, number of eggs, and the reproduction factor. Plants of the 20 selected accessions were cultivated in 0.4 L pots filled with sterile soil. Inoculation procedures were identical to the first assay, but with higher inoculum pressure (3,300 eggs per plant). Three accessions with superior tolerance levels to M. enterolobii were identified viz. S. lycopersicum ‘Yoshimatsu’, S. lycopersicum ‘CNPH 1246’ and S. pimpinelifolium CGO 7650 (= CNPH 1195). These accessions were re-evaluated against a distinct M. enterolobii population as well as against two other root-knot nematode species (M. javanica and one M. incognita race 1). Under higher inoculum pressure, ‘Yoshimatsu’ was found to be resistant to M. javanica and M. incognita race 1, but susceptible to M. enterolobii from guava. The other two sources displayed susceptibility to all three nematodes. Additional germplasm screening is needed since no source of stable genetic resistance to M. enterolobii was found so far.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986724
title: Genetic divergence in basil cultivars and hybrids

description: ABSTRACT Basil is an aromatic herb that stands out for its economic importance. It is consumed in natura and used to obtain essential oil. The cultivation of this species in several regions of the world has allowed variations by natural crosses and euploidy, leading to the wide genetic variability found nowadays. Considering the importance of this species, we aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of 27 basil genotypes using ISSR molecular markers. Fourteen primers were employed for DNA amplification, resulting in 86% polymorphism. Based on the Jaccard’s dissimilarity index, the highest index (0.80) was observed between the individuals BAS001 and BAS012, while the lowest index (0.18) was detected between the genotypes BAS014 and BAS015. The genetic similarity among individuals was calculated, forming four distinct clusters. Most individuals (40.7%) were allocated in cluster I. The polymorphic information content (PIC) (0.89) indicated considerable levels of genetic diversity among genotypes. In this sense, the ISSR markers were efficient in the detection of polymorphisms between the accessions, suggesting the genetic variability of the collection. This result demonstrates the importance of the use of molecular markers and the advantages that this information provides to the breeding of the species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986724.v1
title: Genetic divergence in basil cultivars and hybrids

description: ABSTRACT Basil is an aromatic herb that stands out for its economic importance. It is consumed in natura and used to obtain essential oil. The cultivation of this species in several regions of the world has allowed variations by natural crosses and euploidy, leading to the wide genetic variability found nowadays. Considering the importance of this species, we aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of 27 basil genotypes using ISSR molecular markers. Fourteen primers were employed for DNA amplification, resulting in 86% polymorphism. Based on the Jaccard’s dissimilarity index, the highest index (0.80) was observed between the individuals BAS001 and BAS012, while the lowest index (0.18) was detected between the genotypes BAS014 and BAS015. The genetic similarity among individuals was calculated, forming four distinct clusters. Most individuals (40.7%) were allocated in cluster I. The polymorphic information content (PIC) (0.89) indicated considerable levels of genetic diversity among genotypes. In this sense, the ISSR markers were efficient in the detection of polymorphisms between the accessions, suggesting the genetic variability of the collection. This result demonstrates the importance of the use of molecular markers and the advantages that this information provides to the breeding of the species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296359
title: Combination of solarization, biofumigation and grafting techniques for the management of bacterial wilt in tomato

description: ABSTRACT Considering the aforementioned information, the objective was to evaluate the influence of combining techniques of solarization, biofumigation with chicken manure and grafting on the incidence of bacterial wilt and productivity of the hybrid tomato ‘Absoluto’. Two experiments were carried out in a chapel-type greenhouse and in field, in the agricultural year 2013/2014, in a commercial farm on the municipality of Barra do Rio Azul-RS. In the two cultivation environments, treatments were arranged in randomized block experimental design, with the plots subdivided into space and treatments randomly arranged, in an area naturally infested with race 1, biovar 1, phylotype II of R. solanacearum. The treatments were soil solarization, biofumigation, biofumigation +solarization and control, and in the subplots, the commercial hybrid tomato Absoluto with and without grafting on the hybrid rootstock Guardião. Based on the incidence of bacterial wilt, the plant health index and the area under the disease progress curve were estimated. The number, production and average mass of commercial fruits were evaluated. A beneficial effect was found of soil solarization associated with the addition of chicken manure in the control of bacterial wilt and increase of productivity. Grafting was more efficient in increasing plant health index and reducing the area under the disease progress curve than solarization and biofumigation, thus indicating that the association of the three measures is beneficial to the integrated control of the disease
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296359.v1
title: Combination of solarization, biofumigation and grafting techniques for the management of bacterial wilt in tomato

description: ABSTRACT Considering the aforementioned information, the objective was to evaluate the influence of combining techniques of solarization, biofumigation with chicken manure and grafting on the incidence of bacterial wilt and productivity of the hybrid tomato ‘Absoluto’. Two experiments were carried out in a chapel-type greenhouse and in field, in the agricultural year 2013/2014, in a commercial farm on the municipality of Barra do Rio Azul-RS. In the two cultivation environments, treatments were arranged in randomized block experimental design, with the plots subdivided into space and treatments randomly arranged, in an area naturally infested with race 1, biovar 1, phylotype II of R. solanacearum. The treatments were soil solarization, biofumigation, biofumigation +solarization and control, and in the subplots, the commercial hybrid tomato Absoluto with and without grafting on the hybrid rootstock Guardião. Based on the incidence of bacterial wilt, the plant health index and the area under the disease progress curve were estimated. The number, production and average mass of commercial fruits were evaluated. A beneficial effect was found of soil solarization associated with the addition of chicken manure in the control of bacterial wilt and increase of productivity. Grafting was more efficient in increasing plant health index and reducing the area under the disease progress curve than solarization and biofumigation, thus indicating that the association of the three measures is beneficial to the integrated control of the disease
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296212
title: The multifunctionality of urban horticulture and its integration with the city ecosystem: a brief review of concepts and the case of São Luís

description: ABSTRACT Urban agriculture is currently carried out all over the world. The activity is characterized by its multifunctionality, contributing to food security, preservation of biodiversity, better use of urban spaces, and proper management of soil and water, in addition to contributing to increasing income and improving the quality of life of farmers who live in the cities. In the 1980s and 1990s, urban agriculture gained momentum on the international scene and, from 2005, in Brazil. Some successful experiences in the world (Detroit, Havana, and St. Petersburg) and in Brazil (Teresina, Sao Paulo, and Belo Horizonte) are briefly reported here. Then, we describe in more detail the case of the city of São Luís. The municipality is situated on an island and its rural spaces have characteristics of peri-urban areas. Agricultural production has low expression in municipal GDP (Gross Development Product). The main products are papaya, cassava, beans, bananas, coconut, and passion fruit and, among the vegetables, roselle, chives, coriander, and West Indian gherkin, traditional regional species of Maranhão cuisine. The activity has two primary groups of actors: producers and intermediaries, with 83 and 41% of them, respectively, living in rural areas. Almost all producers (92%) use their area, 79% use some sustainable fertilization practice, and 69% do not use pesticides. Production areas are small and producers need technical assistance. Transport and poor road conditions are the main challenges to bring products to the markets. The reality that came out from our study indicates the lack of public support to urban farmers in São Luís. On the contrary, successful experiences of urban agriculture have in common the convergence of public policies of urban planning, agriculture and supply, education, and health. Urban agriculture is dynamic and must be integrated into the urban ecosystem to make it possible to unveiling new perspectives on the countryside-city relationship.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296212.v1
title: The multifunctionality of urban horticulture and its integration with the city ecosystem: a brief review of concepts and the case of São Luís

description: ABSTRACT Urban agriculture is currently carried out all over the world. The activity is characterized by its multifunctionality, contributing to food security, preservation of biodiversity, better use of urban spaces, and proper management of soil and water, in addition to contributing to increasing income and improving the quality of life of farmers who live in the cities. In the 1980s and 1990s, urban agriculture gained momentum on the international scene and, from 2005, in Brazil. Some successful experiences in the world (Detroit, Havana, and St. Petersburg) and in Brazil (Teresina, Sao Paulo, and Belo Horizonte) are briefly reported here. Then, we describe in more detail the case of the city of São Luís. The municipality is situated on an island and its rural spaces have characteristics of peri-urban areas. Agricultural production has low expression in municipal GDP (Gross Development Product). The main products are papaya, cassava, beans, bananas, coconut, and passion fruit and, among the vegetables, roselle, chives, coriander, and West Indian gherkin, traditional regional species of Maranhão cuisine. The activity has two primary groups of actors: producers and intermediaries, with 83 and 41% of them, respectively, living in rural areas. Almost all producers (92%) use their area, 79% use some sustainable fertilization practice, and 69% do not use pesticides. Production areas are small and producers need technical assistance. Transport and poor road conditions are the main challenges to bring products to the markets. The reality that came out from our study indicates the lack of public support to urban farmers in São Luís. On the contrary, successful experiences of urban agriculture have in common the convergence of public policies of urban planning, agriculture and supply, education, and health. Urban agriculture is dynamic and must be integrated into the urban ecosystem to make it possible to unveiling new perspectives on the countryside-city relationship.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296395
title: Torulaspora globosa: rhizosphere yeast promoting lettuce growth on seedlings and under field conditions

description: ABSTRACT Among soil microorganisms, one group stands out as beneficial to agricultural activities: a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPM). These microorganisms support plants through phytohormone production, nutrient provision and plant health maintenance. Among these PGPM, yeasts have a high potential, which is still not very well known.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation with the rhizosphere yeast Torulaspora globosa (strain 5S55) on development of lettuce (cv. Crocantela). The first research consisted of inoculating seeds with yeast (100 cells/seed), and inoculating seeds, 7 and/or 15 days after emergence (DAE) (1x106 cells/plant). The second one consisted of transplanting seedlings from the first experiment to field. Inoculation of seeds and seedlings provided a significant increase of seedling root dry mass; we observed the significant increase of 27% in productivity of lettuce under field conditions, of shoot fresh mass and a raise of number of leaves per plant. However, studies on inoculation methods, inoculum formulation, cell concentration are essential to optimize the results in growth promotion and to establish technology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296395.v1
title: Torulaspora globosa: rhizosphere yeast promoting lettuce growth on seedlings and under field conditions

description: ABSTRACT Among soil microorganisms, one group stands out as beneficial to agricultural activities: a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPM). These microorganisms support plants through phytohormone production, nutrient provision and plant health maintenance. Among these PGPM, yeasts have a high potential, which is still not very well known.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation with the rhizosphere yeast Torulaspora globosa (strain 5S55) on development of lettuce (cv. Crocantela). The first research consisted of inoculating seeds with yeast (100 cells/seed), and inoculating seeds, 7 and/or 15 days after emergence (DAE) (1x106 cells/plant). The second one consisted of transplanting seedlings from the first experiment to field. Inoculation of seeds and seedlings provided a significant increase of seedling root dry mass; we observed the significant increase of 27% in productivity of lettuce under field conditions, of shoot fresh mass and a raise of number of leaves per plant. However, studies on inoculation methods, inoculum formulation, cell concentration are essential to optimize the results in growth promotion and to establish technology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296485
title: Evaluation of production and quality traits in interspecific hybrids of ornamental pepper

description: ABSTRACT The cultivation of potted peppers as ornamental plants has increased considerably throughout the planet. In Brazil, this crop is more recent and still lacks cultivars. In order to increase the available variability and obtain new cultivars, the interspecific hybridization is very useful in add a desirable attribute that occurs in one species to another species, resulting in a new cultivar of agronomic interest. The objective of this study was to characterize parents and interspecific hybrids based on 27 quantitative traits and evaluate their genetic diversity by multivariate procedures. Parents of seven pepper genotypes were crossed, and, seven hybrids were generated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were subsequently grouped by Scott-Knott’s method. Tocher’s method was utilized based on Mahalanobis distance, and the relative importance was evaluated by Singh’s method. The effects of treatment were significant by F test at 1 and 5% probability for all studied traits, except for anther length and titratable acidity. According to Scott-Knott’s test, the genotypes were grouped into two to eight classes. By Tocher’s method, the genotypes were separated into four groups. The first three canonical variables explained 92.02% of the total variance. By Singh method, fruit yield per plant was the trait that most contributed to the divergence explaining 21% of the total variance. The studied parents and hybrids diverged for the evaluated traits; however, there was difficulty in obtaining good interspecific hybrids with traits of importance, wherein combinations HS1×L7, L2×L6, and HS1×L2 met these requirements.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296485.v1
title: Evaluation of production and quality traits in interspecific hybrids of ornamental pepper

description: ABSTRACT The cultivation of potted peppers as ornamental plants has increased considerably throughout the planet. In Brazil, this crop is more recent and still lacks cultivars. In order to increase the available variability and obtain new cultivars, the interspecific hybridization is very useful in add a desirable attribute that occurs in one species to another species, resulting in a new cultivar of agronomic interest. The objective of this study was to characterize parents and interspecific hybrids based on 27 quantitative traits and evaluate their genetic diversity by multivariate procedures. Parents of seven pepper genotypes were crossed, and, seven hybrids were generated. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design. Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and means were subsequently grouped by Scott-Knott’s method. Tocher’s method was utilized based on Mahalanobis distance, and the relative importance was evaluated by Singh’s method. The effects of treatment were significant by F test at 1 and 5% probability for all studied traits, except for anther length and titratable acidity. According to Scott-Knott’s test, the genotypes were grouped into two to eight classes. By Tocher’s method, the genotypes were separated into four groups. The first three canonical variables explained 92.02% of the total variance. By Singh method, fruit yield per plant was the trait that most contributed to the divergence explaining 21% of the total variance. The studied parents and hybrids diverged for the evaluated traits; however, there was difficulty in obtaining good interspecific hybrids with traits of importance, wherein combinations HS1×L7, L2×L6, and HS1×L2 met these requirements.