cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282045.v1
title: Parâmetros Biofísicos Aplicados no Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Piauí-Brasil

description: Abstract The objective of this work is to evaluate the biophysical parameters, rainfall and surface temperature in the vegetation conditions, in the Serra das Confusões National Park (SCNP), Piau-NEB. With the aid of the images obtained from the satellite Landsat 8 it was possible to calculate the Normalizes Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and the surface temperature (Ts). The SCNP rainfall presented a well-defined seasonality, dry and rainy seasons, which play a crucial role in the vegetation conditions of the SCNP. The NDVI class (&gt; 0.693) had the greatest reduction o the coverage area around 72.7%, while the classes (0.347-0.433) and (0.433-0.52) had an increase of 34.7% and 31, 8%, respectively. In addition, it was clear that vegetation condition influenced the Ts of the region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282047
title: Extreme Rainfall Events on the Coastland of Paraná State (Paranaguá Bay)

description: Abstract The occurrence of extreme precipitation events (EEP) of the coast of Paraná increases the erosivity potential of the rivers in this region, causing flooding among other occurrences. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the trends in intensity and frequency of daily EEP, as well as to analyze the extreme hourly cycle for the coastal region of Paraná and the synoptic conditions. Thus, precipitation data and divergence of moisture flow were collected. Daily precipitation above the 95th percentile (EEP95) was considered in this study. From the EEP95, linear trend analysis using the Mann-Kendall test, daily cycle analysis and the spatial distribution of the synoptic environment were studied. Although the study is limited to one locality, areas of maximum moisture convergence highlight the pattern of the Convergence Zone of moisture. The results show that the threshold for a daily EEP95 is 46.40 mm.dia−1; only during the early morning and in the rainy season, the daily cycle of the EEP95 presented hourly rates that reached the 95th percentile. The period from January to March, concentrated around 50% EEP95, with the frequency of EEP95 decreasing in years of La Niña and increasing in years of El Niño and neutral.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282047.v1
title: Extreme Rainfall Events on the Coastland of Paraná State (Paranaguá Bay)

description: Abstract The occurrence of extreme precipitation events (EEP) of the coast of Paraná increases the erosivity potential of the rivers in this region, causing flooding among other occurrences. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the trends in intensity and frequency of daily EEP, as well as to analyze the extreme hourly cycle for the coastal region of Paraná and the synoptic conditions. Thus, precipitation data and divergence of moisture flow were collected. Daily precipitation above the 95th percentile (EEP95) was considered in this study. From the EEP95, linear trend analysis using the Mann-Kendall test, daily cycle analysis and the spatial distribution of the synoptic environment were studied. Although the study is limited to one locality, areas of maximum moisture convergence highlight the pattern of the Convergence Zone of moisture. The results show that the threshold for a daily EEP95 is 46.40 mm.dia−1; only during the early morning and in the rainy season, the daily cycle of the EEP95 presented hourly rates that reached the 95th percentile. The period from January to March, concentrated around 50% EEP95, with the frequency of EEP95 decreasing in years of La Niña and increasing in years of El Niño and neutral.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282048
title: Paleclimatic Events Of El Ninos, La Niñas And Neutrals And Of Precipitation In Southern Ans Eastern Of Amazônia

description: Abstract Climatic studies associated with the physical variables of the atmosphere to identify patterns and their variations require long data series to have more reliable results. These series with instrumental measures do not always have this longevity of observations, so approximations using paleoclimatic techniques are important to infer variability related to these physical processes in nature. Variations on the sea surface temperature (SST) that cause pressure differences on the surface between the west and east of the Pacific Ocean, called the South Oscillation, are characteristics that are associated with events of SST changes in the Tropical Pacific (El Ninõs , La Niñas and Neutros), which climatically impact various areas of the globe. Proxies of precipitation were used for the areas in the west and east of the Pacific, 50-1955 DC, the South Oscillation Index and the precipitation of two areas in the southwest (1800-2012 DC) and east (1800-2012 DC) of the Amazon. The base methodology was the calculation of Z scores used as measures of variability of the proxies. The main results showed that the IOS proxies indicated El Niños (La Niñas) events associated with periods of warmer global climates in the RWP and MWP period and colder in the DACP and LIA period. For the southwest and eastern areas of the Amazon, the proxies showed that there was a major variation in precipitation over the past 200 years in the southwest sector of the same.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282048.v1
title: Paleclimatic Events Of El Ninos, La Niñas And Neutrals And Of Precipitation In Southern Ans Eastern Of Amazônia

description: Abstract Climatic studies associated with the physical variables of the atmosphere to identify patterns and their variations require long data series to have more reliable results. These series with instrumental measures do not always have this longevity of observations, so approximations using paleoclimatic techniques are important to infer variability related to these physical processes in nature. Variations on the sea surface temperature (SST) that cause pressure differences on the surface between the west and east of the Pacific Ocean, called the South Oscillation, are characteristics that are associated with events of SST changes in the Tropical Pacific (El Ninõs , La Niñas and Neutros), which climatically impact various areas of the globe. Proxies of precipitation were used for the areas in the west and east of the Pacific, 50-1955 DC, the South Oscillation Index and the precipitation of two areas in the southwest (1800-2012 DC) and east (1800-2012 DC) of the Amazon. The base methodology was the calculation of Z scores used as measures of variability of the proxies. The main results showed that the IOS proxies indicated El Niños (La Niñas) events associated with periods of warmer global climates in the RWP and MWP period and colder in the DACP and LIA period. For the southwest and eastern areas of the Amazon, the proxies showed that there was a major variation in precipitation over the past 200 years in the southwest sector of the same.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282051
title: Impacts of Climate Change on the Caatinga Biome in the Perception of Teachers from the Municipal Public Network of General Sampaio - Ceará

description: Abstract The Caatinga biome is the place where 28.6 million people live and has been identified as an ecological region vulnerable to climate change. This opens the possibility for the adoption of adaptive measures in the population in the near future. In this perspective, the population's awareness can help in the process of adapting to climate change, which can be achieved through formal education and from the perception of social agents. However, are social agents, specifically, elementary school teachers perceiving climate change? The present study sought to analyze the perception level of public school teachers in the municipality of General Sampaio (CE), in relation to the impacts of climate change on the Caatinga biome. To this end, a field research was carried out with interviews involving 10 elementary school teachers, who teach in the disciplines of Science and Geography. The interviews were processed using the IRAMUTEQ software, a computerized method of textual analysis and analyzed in a qualitative way. The results showed that teachers perceive climatic variations, through changing thermal sensations, extreme droughts and off-season rain. However, they do not recognize the risks that the Caatinga biome and the population are taking in the face of the threat of climate change.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282051.v1
title: Impacts of Climate Change on the Caatinga Biome in the Perception of Teachers from the Municipal Public Network of General Sampaio - Ceará

description: Abstract The Caatinga biome is the place where 28.6 million people live and has been identified as an ecological region vulnerable to climate change. This opens the possibility for the adoption of adaptive measures in the population in the near future. In this perspective, the population's awareness can help in the process of adapting to climate change, which can be achieved through formal education and from the perception of social agents. However, are social agents, specifically, elementary school teachers perceiving climate change? The present study sought to analyze the perception level of public school teachers in the municipality of General Sampaio (CE), in relation to the impacts of climate change on the Caatinga biome. To this end, a field research was carried out with interviews involving 10 elementary school teachers, who teach in the disciplines of Science and Geography. The interviews were processed using the IRAMUTEQ software, a computerized method of textual analysis and analyzed in a qualitative way. The results showed that teachers perceive climatic variations, through changing thermal sensations, extreme droughts and off-season rain. However, they do not recognize the risks that the Caatinga biome and the population are taking in the face of the threat of climate change.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282053
title: Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. and Climate Change: An Analysis in the Light of Modeling Potential Distribution of Species in the Caatinga Biome

description: Abstract The predictions of climate change in the Caatinga biome for this century are for an increase in air temperature and a reduction in rainfall. The combination of this physical phenomenon with biological invasions can increase losses of local biodiversity. The objective of the study was to model the potential distribution of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., an invasive cactus in the Caatinga biome in future climatic scenarios and to evaluate its space-time dynamics for the purpose of conservation of the biome. For this purpose, the MaxEnt algorithm was used, data on the presence of the target species and 10 environmental variables. In addition, the future time intervals 2041-2060 and 2061-2080, current 1961-1990 and the scenarios RCP4.5 and 8.5 of CMIP5 were considered. With bioclimatic modeling and climate changes included, it was possible to point to two future effects on the current areas suitable for the presence of the invasive target species. The first, there would be a gradual expansion of these areas until 2070 in RCP4.5 or until 2050 in RCP8.5. In the second, from 2070 on RCP8.5 there would be contraction until the end of the century. The expansion of the invasive target species could be managed as long as, observed the human component that facilitates the introduction of the plant in the biome and the concept of socioeconomic and environmental sustainability, for example, growing it under conditions of isolation for forage purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282054
title: Evaluation of Methods of Estimation of Evapotranspiration of Reference (ETo) Daily for Regions of the States of Rio De Janeiro and Espírito Santo

description: Abstract The high consumption of water by agriculture makes knowledge about reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for irrigation management more and more essential. However, define an appropriate method to the different locations is associated with the availability of meteorological data and the adaptation of the methods to the application sites. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare and evaluate the performance of the ETo methods: Hargreaves-Samani, Jensen-Haise, Benavides & Lopez and Hamon using the standard method Penman Monteith FAO-56, to estimate the daily ETo of six regions, three of the state of Rio de Janeiro and three of the state of Espírito Santo. The meteorological variables employed were provided by the Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies and the National Institute of Space Research - (CPTEC - INPE). The performance of the models was evaluated by different statistical techniques where the model that best suited the studied locations in the two states was the Jensen Haise, obtaining correlation indexes (r) between 0.73 and 0.94 and reliability (C) between 0.60 and 0.90 with the Penman Monteith model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282054.v1
title: Evaluation of Methods of Estimation of Evapotranspiration of Reference (ETo) Daily for Regions of the States of Rio De Janeiro and Espírito Santo

description: Abstract The high consumption of water by agriculture makes knowledge about reference evapotranspiration (ETo) for irrigation management more and more essential. However, define an appropriate method to the different locations is associated with the availability of meteorological data and the adaptation of the methods to the application sites. Thus, the objective of this study is to compare and evaluate the performance of the ETo methods: Hargreaves-Samani, Jensen-Haise, Benavides & Lopez and Hamon using the standard method Penman Monteith FAO-56, to estimate the daily ETo of six regions, three of the state of Rio de Janeiro and three of the state of Espírito Santo. The meteorological variables employed were provided by the Center for Weather Forecasting and Climate Studies and the National Institute of Space Research - (CPTEC - INPE). The performance of the models was evaluated by different statistical techniques where the model that best suited the studied locations in the two states was the Jensen Haise, obtaining correlation indexes (r) between 0.73 and 0.94 and reliability (C) between 0.60 and 0.90 with the Penman Monteith model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282056
title: South Atlantic Subtropical Anticyclone Associated with the Southern Annular Mode and Climate Impacts in Brazil

description: Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the precipitation and winds in Brazil associated with the South Atlantic subtropical anticyclone (SASA) in the different phases of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). During the positive (negative) phase of the SAM, the SASA is positioned anomalously to the south (north), as well as the Intertropical Convergence Zone, contributing to the increase (reduction) of precipitation in the North (North and Northeast) region. Thus, we observed more intense (weak) winds in some areas of the south-Northeast, Southeast, and southern South -regions (much of the Northeast region and part of Tocantins and Minas Gerais) in the fall and winter (fall). Regarding precipitation, there is a reduction (increase) in south-central (southern-South region/ central-eastern) of Brazil between winter and summer (in spring and autumn/ summer). During the negative phase of the SAM, there is a reduction in the duration of the rainy season in the tropical region associated with a weakening of activity in the South Atlantic Convergence Zone and tropical convection. Autumn is the only season in which the strengthening of winds in the Northeast region can be used to complement hydroelectric power production due to precipitation deficit in both SAM phases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282056.v1
title: South Atlantic Subtropical Anticyclone Associated with the Southern Annular Mode and Climate Impacts in Brazil

description: Abstract The objective of this study is to investigate the precipitation and winds in Brazil associated with the South Atlantic subtropical anticyclone (SASA) in the different phases of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). During the positive (negative) phase of the SAM, the SASA is positioned anomalously to the south (north), as well as the Intertropical Convergence Zone, contributing to the increase (reduction) of precipitation in the North (North and Northeast) region. Thus, we observed more intense (weak) winds in some areas of the south-Northeast, Southeast, and southern South -regions (much of the Northeast region and part of Tocantins and Minas Gerais) in the fall and winter (fall). Regarding precipitation, there is a reduction (increase) in south-central (southern-South region/ central-eastern) of Brazil between winter and summer (in spring and autumn/ summer). During the negative phase of the SAM, there is a reduction in the duration of the rainy season in the tropical region associated with a weakening of activity in the South Atlantic Convergence Zone and tropical convection. Autumn is the only season in which the strengthening of winds in the Northeast region can be used to complement hydroelectric power production due to precipitation deficit in both SAM phases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282059
title: Alert System for Possible Floods Using Voip and Conventional Telephony, for Civil Defense in the Municipality of Caucaia-Ce, Brazil

description: Abstract This work presents an alert system for possible floods, for the Civil Defense of Caucaia-Ce, Brazil (Metropolitan Region of the city of Fortaleza - RMF). The system makes it possible to automatically inform the estimate of the occurrence of possible floods in areas at risk. Urban centers, such as the region studied, suffer from the increased risk of accidents through occupations in areas along river banks, lagoons and slopes. This provides records of environmental disasters involving human and material losses, related to misinformation about vulnerabilities and their risks. The methodology was developed from applied quantitative research, with bibliographic, documentary records and meteorological data. Based on Linux, the system uses Voice over IP (Voice over Internet Protocol) technology, which allows the automatic sending of SMS, emails and phone calls, which allow anticipating mitigation actions by the competent sectors and informing the population so that they can safeguard their property and lives. In addition, it contributes to the dimensioning of the actions to be taken. The combination of this information and previous disclosure, together with the civil defense, can add value to the creation of a future flood prevention culture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282053.v1
title: Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. and Climate Change: An Analysis in the Light of Modeling Potential Distribution of Species in the Caatinga Biome

description: Abstract The predictions of climate change in the Caatinga biome for this century are for an increase in air temperature and a reduction in rainfall. The combination of this physical phenomenon with biological invasions can increase losses of local biodiversity. The objective of the study was to model the potential distribution of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., an invasive cactus in the Caatinga biome in future climatic scenarios and to evaluate its space-time dynamics for the purpose of conservation of the biome. For this purpose, the MaxEnt algorithm was used, data on the presence of the target species and 10 environmental variables. In addition, the future time intervals 2041-2060 and 2061-2080, current 1961-1990 and the scenarios RCP4.5 and 8.5 of CMIP5 were considered. With bioclimatic modeling and climate changes included, it was possible to point to two future effects on the current areas suitable for the presence of the invasive target species. The first, there would be a gradual expansion of these areas until 2070 in RCP4.5 or until 2050 in RCP8.5. In the second, from 2070 on RCP8.5 there would be contraction until the end of the century. The expansion of the invasive target species could be managed as long as, observed the human component that facilitates the introduction of the plant in the biome and the concept of socioeconomic and environmental sustainability, for example, growing it under conditions of isolation for forage purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282060
title: Un Siglo de Sequías: ¿Por qué las Políticas de Agua no Desarrollaron la Región Semiárida Brasileña?

description: Resumen El semiárido brasileño frecuentemente se ve afectado por sequías prolongadas. Durante el período 2010-2017, la región semiárida brasileña enfrentó la “sequía del siglo”, considerada la peor registrada en la historia del país. Este artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una evaluación histórica de diferentes fases de las políticas públicas implementadas en la región, con el fin de promover la convivencia con la sequía. Con base en una investigación histórica documental y el monitoreo satelital de los impactos de las sequías, se analizaron las acciones gubernamentales que contribuyeron a brindar una mayor disponibilidad de agua en la región semiárida brasileña, con énfasis en el análisis de la efectividad de la gestión del agua y los impactos de las tecnologías sociales para el almacenamiento del agua de lluvia en comunidades rurales dispersas. Los resultados de la investigación evidenciaron que las políticas implementadas a lo largo de la historia, con frecuencia en un modelo centralizado, no fueron efectivas en el desarrollo de la región. Recientemente, el acceso a las tecnologías sociales hídricas descentralizadas en las zonas rurales, están mostrando resultados positivos. Sin embargo, aún no es una realidad universal para la población que vive en la región. Por tanto, se concluye que las políticas hídricas siguen siendo insuficientes para hacer frente a los impactos de las sequías. El estudio aporta importantes lecciones históricas para la gestión del agua en la actualidad.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282059.v1
title: Alert System for Possible Floods Using Voip and Conventional Telephony, for Civil Defense in the Municipality of Caucaia-Ce, Brazil

description: Abstract This work presents an alert system for possible floods, for the Civil Defense of Caucaia-Ce, Brazil (Metropolitan Region of the city of Fortaleza - RMF). The system makes it possible to automatically inform the estimate of the occurrence of possible floods in areas at risk. Urban centers, such as the region studied, suffer from the increased risk of accidents through occupations in areas along river banks, lagoons and slopes. This provides records of environmental disasters involving human and material losses, related to misinformation about vulnerabilities and their risks. The methodology was developed from applied quantitative research, with bibliographic, documentary records and meteorological data. Based on Linux, the system uses Voice over IP (Voice over Internet Protocol) technology, which allows the automatic sending of SMS, emails and phone calls, which allow anticipating mitigation actions by the competent sectors and informing the population so that they can safeguard their property and lives. In addition, it contributes to the dimensioning of the actions to be taken. The combination of this information and previous disclosure, together with the civil defense, can add value to the creation of a future flood prevention culture.