DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4xgxd257n
title: Data from: Diversification dynamics of Cheilostome Bryozoa based on a Bayesian analysis of the fossil record

description: Cheilostomata is the most diverse and ecologically dominant order of
 bryozoans living today. We apply a Bayesian framework to estimate
 macroevolutionary rates of cheilostomes since the Late Jurassic across
 four datasets: I) manually curated genus ranges, II) published text-mined
 genus ranges, III) non-revised Paleobiology Database (PBDB) records, IV)
 revised and augmented PBDB records. All datasets revealed increased
 origination rates in the Albian, and a twin K-Pg and Danian extinction
 rate peak. High origination rates in the late Selandian-Ypresian in
 Dataset I indicate the onset of an ascophoran-grade radiation.
 Lineage-through-time plots confirm the macroevolutionary lag preceding the
 radiation of cheilostomes in the mid-Cretaceous, and their renewed
 diversification in the late Paleocene and Eocene. A multivariate
 birth-death model indicates that origination rates are shaped by
 diversity-dependent dynamics coupled with a positive correlation with sea
 surface temperature, while extinction rates negatively correlate with sea
 level. Text-mined data provide broadly similar rate dynamics as manually
 curated data, although discrepancies could be attributed to the omission
 of key literature in Dataset II, and the inclusion of new published and
 unpublished data, and revised ranges in Dataset I. Revision and
 augmentation of PBDB occurrences were necessary to generate rate profiles
 akin to those of Datasets I and II and highlight the risks of using
 unedited occurrence data. Our results support the widely held assumption
 that diversification dynamics are controlled by both biotic and abiotic
 factors and pave the way for integrating fossils with molecular
 phylogenies to study these processes in more detail.
description: Four datasets were assembled as follows: (I) Stage-level
 cheilostome fossil genus ranges were collated manually from the
 literature, unpublished records (PDT) and from the Bryozoa homepage
 (www.bryozoa.net; accessed in December 2019). (II) This dataset was
 obtained from Kopperud <i>et al. </i>(2019), who extracted
 stage-level cheilostome fossil genus ranges from digital bibliographic
 resources in the English language using machine learning. (III) All
 cheilostome fossil occurrences identified to the genus level were
 downloaded from PBDB on 11th November 2019. (IV) PBDB data from Dataset
 III were cleaned of synonyms, outdated combinations, <i>nomina
 dubia</i> and other erroneous and doubtful records. Additional
 occurrences were added from the literature and unpublished records (PDT)
 for underrepresented time intervals (notably, the Late Cretaceous)
 relative to the known diversities of genera from those time intervals.
 Furthermore, missing genera that were present in Dataset I were added by
 transforming their stage-level genus ranges into occurrence records as the
 minimum and maximum ages for those stages. Temporal dynamics of
 origination and extinction rates were modelled using the PyRate software.
 Furthermore, we tested for correlations between origination and extinction
 rates and time-continuous abiotic and biotic variables using the
 multivariate birth-death model (MBD) using the fixed and estimated times
 of origination and extinction of Datasets I and IV,
 respectively.
description: In Appendices S3 - S6 and S8, no 95% HPD Interval long-term
 means are given. Their absence is indicate by 'n/a'.
 Furthermore, in Appendix S8, Dataset IV did not include any occurrences
 and therefore no preservation rate estimates for the Bathonian, Callovian
 and Oxfordian time bins. This absence is indicated by 'n/a'.
 Furthermore, in Dataset III, for most occurrences only early interval
 bounds were given; missing late interval bounds are indicated by
 'n/a'.