cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/4d887826af00440fb04ec2cb85ad917a
title: RisesAM-Global-ERA: An hourly 1° global simulation of Ocean sea surface waves (historic forcing based on 1979-2015 ERA interim)

description: RisesAM-OceanWaves: An hourly simulation of sea surface waves for historic and future climate
description: This dataset covers the world ocean and is run for a historic reanalysis period (1979-2015) forced by ECMWF Re-Analysis winds and sea-ice (ERA-Interim, https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era-interim). The data are produced with a spectral wave model; WaveWatchIII (Tolman, 1997) on a regular lat/lon grid with resolution is around 0.8 degrees. The netcdf data include high frequency (hourly) wave data of bulk parameters representing significant wave height, mean wave direction, and energy period. Partitioned wave data are also included for significant wave height, peak period, and direction. These data are presented in 3 partitions, with a fraction of wind sea specified for each. The data set is produced to benchmark the model before investigating future wave conditions under climate change. The simulations were run using funding from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration under Grant Agreement No: FP7-ENV-2013-Two-Stage-603396-RISES-AM-. This work used the ARCHER UK National Supercomputing Service (http://www.archer.ac.uk).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12801424
title: Mice transcriptome
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12801425
title: Mice transcriptome
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25605053.v1
title: Occurrence and distribution of two bacterial brood diseases (American and European foulbrood) in US honey bee colonies and resistance to antibiotics from 2015 to 2022

description: Here, we present a retrospective study on honey bee brood diseases in the USA. The Bee Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (BDDL) in the USDA-ARS Beltsville Bee Research Laboratory received a total of 4790 brood samples between 2015 and 2022 from U.S. State Apiary Inspectors and beekeepers. Samples from 49 states were analyzed by microscopy for the presence and prevalence of two bacteria, <i>Melissococcus plutonius</i> and <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i>, causing European foulbrood (EFB) and American foulbrood (AFB) diseases, respectively. Samples that tested positive for AFB were cultured and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests <i>via</i> the agar disc diffusion method to determine their resistance to tetracycline (Terramycin<sup>®</sup>) and tylosin (Tylan<sup>®</sup>) antibiotics. A comprehensive data analysis was conducted at multiple levels, including state, month, year, nationwide, and climate region. Among the 49 states examined, EFB was identified in 44 states, while AFB was found in 31 states. Infection levels vary across states, ranging from 0% to 63.6% for EFB and from 0% to 54.8% for AFB. The national average of EFB (19.2%) was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) higher than AFB (8.6%). Contrary to AFB, significant yearly increases (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were identified for EFB from 2015 to 2022. Furthermore, significant monthly variations were recorded for both brood diseases, with the highest occurrence of EFB observed from April to July. States with the lowest infection rates of both diseases were NV, ND, MS, AK, and AZ. The South U.S. climate region, which comprises six states, had the highest and lowest EFB and ABF infections, respectively. On a nationwide scale, the AFB resistance to tetracycline (38%) was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) higher than the resistance to tylosin (27%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20424232
title: Diversity and foraging behaviour of floral visitors assemblages in onion <i>Allium cepa</i> L.

description: Anthophilous insects are of key importance for onion reproduction due to the protandrous nature of flowers, related to inbreeding avoidance. We documented the diversity of floral visiting insects on onion flowers at the ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, during 2019-21. The pollinator community is composed of thirty hymenopteran species, sixteen dipteran species, eight lepidopteran species, four hemipteran species, and one species from Coleoptera. From these, Hymenoptera and Diptera contributed &gt;75% of the floral visitors. The majority of the floral visits by the anthophilous insects were for collecting nectar (81.59%) followed by nectar as well as pollen foraging (9.97%) and only pollen (8.44%). The proportion of stigma contact did not depend on the body size of the floral visitor. However, stigma contact depends on whether floral visitors collected nectar or pollen and also on the head width of the floral visitor. The present study helps to understand the pollination efficiency of pollination candidates for onion. Further, there is a need to study the pollen harvest and effective stigmatic pollen deposition by the floral visitors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25605053
title: Occurrence and distribution of two bacterial brood diseases (American and European foulbrood) in US honey bee colonies and resistance to antibiotics from 2015 to 2022

description: Here, we present a retrospective study on honey bee brood diseases in the USA. The Bee Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (BDDL) in the USDA-ARS Beltsville Bee Research Laboratory received a total of 4790 brood samples between 2015 and 2022 from U.S. State Apiary Inspectors and beekeepers. Samples from 49 states were analyzed by microscopy for the presence and prevalence of two bacteria, <i>Melissococcus plutonius</i> and <i>Paenibacillus larvae</i>, causing European foulbrood (EFB) and American foulbrood (AFB) diseases, respectively. Samples that tested positive for AFB were cultured and subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests <i>via</i> the agar disc diffusion method to determine their resistance to tetracycline (Terramycin<sup>®</sup>) and tylosin (Tylan<sup>®</sup>) antibiotics. A comprehensive data analysis was conducted at multiple levels, including state, month, year, nationwide, and climate region. Among the 49 states examined, EFB was identified in 44 states, while AFB was found in 31 states. Infection levels vary across states, ranging from 0% to 63.6% for EFB and from 0% to 54.8% for AFB. The national average of EFB (19.2%) was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) higher than AFB (8.6%). Contrary to AFB, significant yearly increases (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were identified for EFB from 2015 to 2022. Furthermore, significant monthly variations were recorded for both brood diseases, with the highest occurrence of EFB observed from April to July. States with the lowest infection rates of both diseases were NV, ND, MS, AK, and AZ. The South U.S. climate region, which comprises six states, had the highest and lowest EFB and ABF infections, respectively. On a nationwide scale, the AFB resistance to tetracycline (38%) was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) higher than the resistance to tylosin (27%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20424232.v1
title: Diversity and foraging behaviour of floral visitors assemblages in onion <i>Allium cepa</i> L.

description: Anthophilous insects are of key importance for onion reproduction due to the protandrous nature of flowers, related to inbreeding avoidance. We documented the diversity of floral visiting insects on onion flowers at the ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, during 2019-21. The pollinator community is composed of thirty hymenopteran species, sixteen dipteran species, eight lepidopteran species, four hemipteran species, and one species from Coleoptera. From these, Hymenoptera and Diptera contributed &gt;75% of the floral visitors. The majority of the floral visits by the anthophilous insects were for collecting nectar (81.59%) followed by nectar as well as pollen foraging (9.97%) and only pollen (8.44%). The proportion of stigma contact did not depend on the body size of the floral visitor. However, stigma contact depends on whether floral visitors collected nectar or pollen and also on the head width of the floral visitor. The present study helps to understand the pollination efficiency of pollination candidates for onion. Further, there is a need to study the pollen harvest and effective stigmatic pollen deposition by the floral visitors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25712621
title: The origin of materials deposited by Japanese honey bees at their hive entrances as a defense against giant hornets

description: Eastern honey bees (<i>Apis cerana</i> Fabricius, 1793) apply spots of materials derived from other organisms to the outside of their hive entrances as one of their defenses against giant hornets. In this study, we used DNA metabarcoding to identify the origin of such materials applied by Japanese honey bees (<i>Apis cerana japonica</i> Radoszkowski, 1877) and found them to be derived from mammals, birds, arthropods, and terrestrial plants. Our results show that this particular defensive behavior involves the use of a wider variety of taxa than previously known.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25712621.v1
title: The origin of materials deposited by Japanese honey bees at their hive entrances as a defense against giant hornets

description: Eastern honey bees (<i>Apis cerana</i> Fabricius, 1793) apply spots of materials derived from other organisms to the outside of their hive entrances as one of their defenses against giant hornets. In this study, we used DNA metabarcoding to identify the origin of such materials applied by Japanese honey bees (<i>Apis cerana japonica</i> Radoszkowski, 1877) and found them to be derived from mammals, birds, arthropods, and terrestrial plants. Our results show that this particular defensive behavior involves the use of a wider variety of taxa than previously known.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26056447
title: Varroa mite removal from whole honey bee colonies by powdered sugar dusting is enhanced by crowding and mechanical agitation of treated workers

description: The honey bee parasite, <i>Varroa destructor,</i> is susceptible to removal by dusting agents that physically interfere with its ability to cling to its phoretic hosts. Here we describe modifications to established powdered sugar dusting techniques that modestly increased mite separation from hosts and allowed for greater reductions in whole colony mite infestation rates. These modifications increased body-to-body contact through crowding and mechanical agitation to supplement dusting effects on mite removal. Adult workers were isolated in a screened sugar shake box outside the colony, dusted with powdered sugar, then carefully shaken and bounced in crowded piles for one minute to separate mites from their hosts. Whole colony powdered sugar shake treatments resulted on average in a 92% reduction in post-treatment mite infestation rates over three successive mite treatments. Our modifications provided effective mite control comparable to the miticide Apiguard (thymol) without discernable negative effects on colonies. Four months after treatment, powdered sugar shake treated colonies had relatively similar-sized adult worker and brood populations as Apiguard treated colonies and larger adult populations than controls. Colonies also maintained queens and reared relatively few queen cells across treatments. Further comparisons of method components revealed that mechanical agitation of crowded workers enhanced mite separation from hosts due to powdered sugar dusting. Mechanical agitation alone only modestly increased mite separation compared to controls; however, high levels of mite separation associated with sugar dusting increased with agitation. These modified methods provide a rapid if laborious technique for reducing mite populations without chemical residues from restricted miticides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26056447.v2
title: Varroa mite removal from whole honey bee colonies by powdered sugar dusting is enhanced by crowding and mechanical agitation of treated workers

description: The honey bee parasite, <i>Varroa destructor,</i> is susceptible to removal by dusting agents that physically interfere with its ability to cling to its phoretic hosts. Here we describe modifications to established powdered sugar dusting techniques that modestly increased mite separation from hosts and allowed for greater reductions in whole colony mite infestation rates. These modifications increased body-to-body contact through crowding and mechanical agitation to supplement dusting effects on mite removal. Adult workers were isolated in a screened sugar shake box outside the colony, dusted with powdered sugar, then carefully shaken and bounced in crowded piles for one minute to separate mites from their hosts. Whole colony powdered sugar shake treatments resulted on average in a 92% reduction in post-treatment mite infestation rates over three successive mite treatments. Our modifications provided effective mite control comparable to the miticide Apiguard (thymol) without discernable negative effects on colonies. Four months after treatment, powdered sugar shake treated colonies had relatively similar-sized adult worker and brood populations as Apiguard treated colonies and larger adult populations than controls. Colonies also maintained queens and reared relatively few queen cells across treatments. Further comparisons of method components revealed that mechanical agitation of crowded workers enhanced mite separation from hosts due to powdered sugar dusting. Mechanical agitation alone only modestly increased mite separation compared to controls; however, high levels of mite separation associated with sugar dusting increased with agitation. These modified methods provide a rapid if laborious technique for reducing mite populations without chemical residues from restricted miticides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19410376.v1
title: Comparative analysis of reference genes in honey bees, <i>Apis cerana</i> and <i>Apis mellifera</i>

description: Honey bees are vital pollinators in agriculture and important model insects. To understand the genetic and molecular aspects in their development, a reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain (RT-qPCR) is used to investigate the target genes. However, it is essential to use the appropriate reference genes as endogenous controls for accurate normalization of target genes. To identify stable reference genes in two honey bee species, [<i>Apis mellifera</i> (<i>Am</i>) and <i>Apis cerana</i> (<i>Ac</i>)], we evaluated eight candidate reference genes including, <i>actin</i>, <i>atub</i>, <i>ef1α</i>, <i>gapdh</i>, <i>rpl13a</i>, <i>rpl32</i>, <i>rps18</i> and <i>tif</i>. Worker bees belonging to the two species were collected at each developmental day during the embryonic and postembryonic developmental stages. The <i>tyrosine hydroxylase</i> (<i>th</i>) gene was used as the target gene to validate the selected reference genes. Our results revealed that <i>rpl13a</i> was the most stable reference gene at all developmental stages of <i>Am</i> and <i>Ac</i>. In addition, gene combinations, including <i>Amrpl13a</i> & <i>Amrps18</i> & <i>Amactin</i>, <i>Amrpl13a</i> & <i>Amrpl32</i>, <i>Acrpl13a</i> & <i>Acrpl32</i>, <i>Acrpl13a</i> & <i>Acrpl32</i> & <i>Acef1α</i> followed by other combinations effectively normalized the expression of the target genes during the embryonic and postembryonic developmental stages of <i>Am</i> and <i>Ac</i>, respectively. Our findings provide a foundation for standardized RT-qPCR analysis to improve the accuracy of genes normalization during the different developmental stages of honey bees.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26056447.v1
title: Varroa mite removal from whole honey bee colonies by powdered sugar dusting is enhanced by crowding and mechanical agitation of treated workers

description: The honey bee parasite, <i>Varroa destructor,</i> is susceptible to removal by dusting agents that physically interfere with its ability to cling to its phoretic hosts. Here we describe modifications to established powdered sugar dusting techniques that modestly increased mite separation from hosts and allowed for greater reductions in whole colony mite infestation rates. These modifications increased body-to-body contact through crowding and mechanical agitation to supplement dusting effects on mite removal. Adult workers were isolated in a screened sugar shake box outside the colony, dusted with powdered sugar, then carefully shaken and bounced in crowded piles for one minute to separate mites from their hosts. Whole colony powdered sugar shake treatments resulted on average in a 92% reduction in post-treatment mite infestation rates over three successive mite treatments. Our modifications provided effective mite control comparable to the miticide Apiguard (thymol) without discernable negative effects on colonies. Four months after treatment, powdered sugar shake treated colonies had relatively similar-sized adult worker and brood populations as Apiguard treated colonies and larger adult populations than controls. Colonies also maintained queens and reared relatively few queen cells across treatments. Further comparisons of method components revealed that mechanical agitation of crowded workers enhanced mite separation from hosts due to powdered sugar dusting. Mechanical agitation alone only modestly increased mite separation compared to controls; however, high levels of mite separation associated with sugar dusting increased with agitation. These modified methods provide a rapid if laborious technique for reducing mite populations without chemical residues from restricted miticides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19410376
title: Comparative analysis of reference genes in honey bees, <i>Apis cerana</i> and <i>Apis mellifera</i>

description: Honey bees are vital pollinators in agriculture and important model insects. To understand the genetic and molecular aspects in their development, a reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain (RT-qPCR) is used to investigate the target genes. However, it is essential to use the appropriate reference genes as endogenous controls for accurate normalization of target genes. To identify stable reference genes in two honey bee species, [<i>Apis mellifera</i> (<i>Am</i>) and <i>Apis cerana</i> (<i>Ac</i>)], we evaluated eight candidate reference genes including, <i>actin</i>, <i>atub</i>, <i>ef1α</i>, <i>gapdh</i>, <i>rpl13a</i>, <i>rpl32</i>, <i>rps18</i> and <i>tif</i>. Worker bees belonging to the two species were collected at each developmental day during the embryonic and postembryonic developmental stages. The <i>tyrosine hydroxylase</i> (<i>th</i>) gene was used as the target gene to validate the selected reference genes. Our results revealed that <i>rpl13a</i> was the most stable reference gene at all developmental stages of <i>Am</i> and <i>Ac</i>. In addition, gene combinations, including <i>Amrpl13a</i> & <i>Amrps18</i> & <i>Amactin</i>, <i>Amrpl13a</i> & <i>Amrpl32</i>, <i>Acrpl13a</i> & <i>Acrpl32</i>, <i>Acrpl13a</i> & <i>Acrpl32</i> & <i>Acef1α</i> followed by other combinations effectively normalized the expression of the target genes during the embryonic and postembryonic developmental stages of <i>Am</i> and <i>Ac</i>, respectively. Our findings provide a foundation for standardized RT-qPCR analysis to improve the accuracy of genes normalization during the different developmental stages of honey bees.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26048739
title: Honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) foraging rewards in sunflowers: effect of floral traits on visitation and variation in pollen quality over two consecutive years

description: Sunflower production depends on pollination by honey bees, <i>Apis mellifera</i> L., and wild bees. For wild sunflower oligoleges, preference for various sunflower lines seems to reflect the quantity (or accessibility) of floral rewards, with floret size (≈accessibility of sunflower nectar) appearing most important. However, it is less clear how honey bees, a key generalist, are affected by sunflower floral traits. The honey bee-sunflower interaction was explored to test if accessibility of nectar (≈floret size) and related floral traits explain foraging preferences and to assess potential nutritional variation in sunflower pollen. In the first two years, honey bee foraging preference increased with decreasing floret length similar to previous observations with wild pollinators. In the second year, no similar response was seen, though nectar rewards (by volume or volume × concentration) were remarkably low compared to the previous year. Pollen collected from bagged plants in the second year showed sunflower lines differed in concentrations (µg/mg ± SE) of total fatty acids and essential fatty acids. In general, it appears that honey bee responses to floral traits are similar to those of wild bees responsible for pollinating much of the sunflower crop in the central United States and that variation in the nutritional quality of sunflower pollen is greater than previously known. Because of the broad geographic distribution of the sunflower crop, additional research on how the environment influences floral rewards and sunflower-pollinator interactions may be needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26048739.v1
title: Honey bee (<i>Apis mellifera</i> L.) foraging rewards in sunflowers: effect of floral traits on visitation and variation in pollen quality over two consecutive years

description: Sunflower production depends on pollination by honey bees, <i>Apis mellifera</i> L., and wild bees. For wild sunflower oligoleges, preference for various sunflower lines seems to reflect the quantity (or accessibility) of floral rewards, with floret size (≈accessibility of sunflower nectar) appearing most important. However, it is less clear how honey bees, a key generalist, are affected by sunflower floral traits. The honey bee-sunflower interaction was explored to test if accessibility of nectar (≈floret size) and related floral traits explain foraging preferences and to assess potential nutritional variation in sunflower pollen. In the first two years, honey bee foraging preference increased with decreasing floret length similar to previous observations with wild pollinators. In the second year, no similar response was seen, though nectar rewards (by volume or volume × concentration) were remarkably low compared to the previous year. Pollen collected from bagged plants in the second year showed sunflower lines differed in concentrations (µg/mg ± SE) of total fatty acids and essential fatty acids. In general, it appears that honey bee responses to floral traits are similar to those of wild bees responsible for pollinating much of the sunflower crop in the central United States and that variation in the nutritional quality of sunflower pollen is greater than previously known. Because of the broad geographic distribution of the sunflower crop, additional research on how the environment influences floral rewards and sunflower-pollinator interactions may be needed.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.9nq8yx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 29490 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Calonectris borealis (Forster, 1772)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 29490 records from 25 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0033883-240626123714530/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zsnmnc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 277 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, 1996"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 277 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0033884-240626123714530/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.