DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hhmgqnkm0
title: Data from: the Siam chicken bioresource project: genetic diversity and origin of Thai chicken breeds

description: Three separate studies have delved into the genetic characteristics,
 origins, and unique attributes of various chicken breeds in Thailand,
 providing crucial insights for future breeding programs. The first study
 focused on Chee Fah and Fah Luang, black-boned chicken breeds in Chiang
 Rai, Thailand. Despite their economic and cultural significance, little
 was known about their genetics. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequencing and
 microsatellite genotyping revealed shared genetic heritage with Chinese
 black-boned chickens, suggesting their origin. Distinct genetic patterns
 were identified compared to Thai domestic chickens and red junglefowl,
 indicating crossbreeding and introgression during domestication.
 Interestingly, the Chee Fah and Fah Luang chickens from different
 localities exhibited different gene pool structures, possibly influenced
 by environmental factors like elevation. The second study centered on the
 Mae Hong Son chicken, a local breed in Northern Thailand. Genetic
 analyses, including microsatellite markers and mitochondrial D-loop
 sequencing, unveiled high genetic diversity and unique allelic gene pool
 patterns. This breed likely originated as a crossbreed between red
 junglefowl and Thai indigenous village chickens, adapting to local
 environmental, social, and cultural conditions. The third study examined
 Lao Pa Koi (LPK) chickens, a popular fighting breed in Thailand. Genetic
 diversity assessments using microsatellite markers and mitochondrial DNA
 (mtDNA) D-loop sequences confirmed high variability and genetic admixture
 between red junglefowl and Thai domestic chickens. Spatial suitability
 analysis highlighted the importance of elevation in shaping LPK chicken
 distribution. In conclusion, these studies collectively enhance our
 understanding of the genetic foundations, origins, and adaptation of
 diverse chicken breeds in Thailand. This knowledge is crucial for
 developing effective breeding programs and preserving these valuable
 genetic resources.
description: # The Siam chicken bioresource project *** Genotypes data of Thailand
 chickens under the Siam chicken bioresource project ## Description of the
 data and file structure Genotypes data of Thailand chickens under the Siam
 chicken bioresource project ## Sharing/Access information Data was derived
 from the following sources: \*Microsatellite genotyping data of Budi, T.,
 Singchat, W., Tanglertpaibul, N., Wongloet, W., Chaiyes, A., Ariyaraphong,
 N., ... & Srikulnath, K. (2023). Thai Local Chicken Breeds, Chee
 Fah and Fah Luang, Originated from Chinese Black-Boned Chicken with
 Introgression of Red Junglefowl and Domestic Chicken Breeds.
 *Sustainability*, *15*(8), 6878. consist of Chee\_Fah\_Fah\_Luang.csv.
 \*Microsatellite genotyping data of Wongloet, W., Singchat, W., Chaiyes,
 A., Ali, H., Piangporntip, S., Ariyaraphong, N., ... & Srikulnath,
 K. (2023). Environmental and Socio–Cultural Factors Impacting the Unique
 Gene Pool Pattern of Mae Hong-Son Chicken. *Animals*, *13*(12), 1949.
 consist of Mae\_Hong\_Son\_Chicken\_.csv, and
 ★Supplementary\_TableMHS.docx. \*Microsatellite genotyping data of Genetic
 admixture and diversity in Thai domestic chickens revealed through
 analysis of Lao Pa Koi fighting cocks. consist of
 Lao\_Pa\_Koi\_chicken.csv.