DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17828219
title: CO2 and CH4 floating chamber incubation time series from EU Horizon project RESTORE4Cs and results from methodological experiment
title: Supporting data for Minaudo et al., "Uncertainty in aquatic greenhouse gas flux estimates arises from subjective processing of floating chamber time series"

description: This data package contains all in situ floating-chamber incubations collected during the field campaigns of the EU Horizon project RESTORE4Cs (GA ID: 101056782; https://www.restore4cs.eu/). The dataset includes 794 individual chamber measurements (October 2023 - August 2024) performed at 36 coastal wetland locations spanning a broad geographical and ecological range: the Curonian Lagoon (Lithuania), ponds and marshes in the Camargue (France), freshwater systems of the Danube Delta (Romania), the brackish Marjal dels Moros marsh (Spain), intertidal salt marshes in the Oosterschelde and Grevelingen deltas (Netherlands), and seagrass meadows in the Ria de Aveiro (Portugal). Together, these sites cover conditions from relatively undisturbed to heavily modified or restored habitats.

Field measurements followed a harmonised protocol (Minaudo et al., 2023). Incubations were conducted for up to 12 minutes over water deeper than 10 cm, ensuring that no emergent vegetation was enclosed. Chambers were flushed before and after each deployment, and operators were instructed to minimise disturbance. Identical opaque chambers (half-sphere, 19 cm radius; 1134 cm² area; 14.37 L volume) were used across all sites to avoid overheating and ensure methodological consistency. Gas concentrations of CO₂, CH₄, and H₂O were recorded at 1-Hz resolution using three portable analysers: a Picarro GasScouter G4301, a LiCOR LI-7810, and a Los Gatos GLA132-GGA. All CO₂ and CH₄ records were corrected for water vapour and merged into a structured database.

A group of 17 experienced field researchers contributed to a coordinated assessment of data-processing choices. Each expert was provided with a common set of R scripts (https://github.com/camilleminaudo/ghg-flux-expert) that presented randomly selected incubations for visual evaluation. For each incubation, experts (i) examined the raw concentration time series, (ii) flagged any records they considered unreliable for CO₂ or CH₄ flux calculations, (iii) specified the usable portion of the time series, and (iv) for CH₄, indicated the segment appropriate for estimating the diffusive flux. The tool tracked progress so that all incubations were reviewed at least once, and prioritised those with fewer previous evaluations to ensure that most incubations were examined by at least three experts. Selections were stored automatically at the end of each run.

The measurements are distributed in the file R4Cs_incubation_timeseries.csv, which contains a dataframe of all processed concentration time series along with metadata for each incubation (auxilliary_file_for_incubation_time_series.csv).

Expert selections used for subsequent flux calculations are provided separately in the table selected_times_experts.csv.

All the corresponding fluxes (for both supervised and unsupervised (fully automated) approaches) are shown in the following tables:

CO2_flux.automated.csv and CH4_flux.automated.csv: Fully automotard (unsupervised) CO2 and CH4 fluxes.

CO2_flux.automated.csv and CH4_flux.automated.csv: Flux estimates based on experts' selection of safe data in the time series.

CH4_diffusion_flux_experts.csv: Diffusive CH4 flux estimates based on experts' selection of observations.

 

Reference: 

Minaudo, C., von Schiller, D., Misteli, B., Morant, D., Adamescu, D., Attermeyer, K., Basset, A., Carballeira, R., Cazacu, C., Coelho, J. P., Guelmami, A., Hilaire, S., Miralles, J., Obrador, B., Petkuviene, J., Picazo, A., Rochera, C., Santinelli, C., Teixera, H., Titocci, J., Vaicute, D., and Camacho, A.: Methodological manual, Deliverable D4.2, EU Horizon Project RESTORE4Cs, Project GA ID: 101056782, 2023. https://www.restore4cs.eu/wp-content/uploads/2023/10/RESTORE4Cs-D4.2.pdf