cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963529
title: <i>Papahu taitapu</i>, gen. et sp. nov., an early Miocene stem odontocete (Cetacea) from New Zealand

description: ABSTRACTThe early Miocene is one of the least understood intervals in cetacean evolution. A new early Miocene dolphin described here, <i>Papahu taitapu</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (family incertae sedis, Cetacea, Odontoceti), is from the Kaipuke Formation (21.7–18.7 Ma) of North West Nelson, New Zealand. The holotype of <i>Papahu taitapu</i> includes a skull with an open mesorostral canal, a broad-based rostrum (broken anteriorly), two pairs of premaxillary foramina, a slight bilateral asymmetry at the antorbital notches, a slight intertemporal constriction exposing the temporal fossa and the lateral wall of the braincase in dorsal view, and single-rooted (and probably homodont) teeth. The periotic has an inflated, spherical pars cochlearis and an anterior process with the anterointernal sulcus and a recurved lateral sulcus well developed. The skull size indicates a body length of about 2 m. <i>Papahu taitapu</i> plots cladistically in a cluster of archaic dolphins variously referred to as Platanistoidea or as stem Odontoceti. It matches no family described so far, but cladistic relationships for comparable odontocetes are not yet resolved enough to justify family placement. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963531.v1
title: <i>Aristonectes quiriquinensis</i>, sp. nov., a new highly derived elasmosaurid from the upper Maastrichtian of central Chile

description: ABSTRACTThis paper describes a new species of elasmosaurid plesiosaur, <i>Aristonectes quiriquinensis</i>, sp. nov., based on a partial skeleton recovered from upper Maastrichtian beds of the Quiriquina Formation of central Chile. The material described here consists of two skeletons, one collected near the village of Cocholgue, and a second juvenile specimen from Quiriquina Island. Prior to these finds, <i>Aristonectes</i> was viewed as a monospecific genus, including only the enigmatic <i>Aristonectes parvidens</i>, the holotype of which consists of an incomplete skull and incomplete postcranium. Other material referred to the genus includes an incomplete juvenile skull and other postcranial material from the upper Maastrichtian of Antarctica, as well as a partial skull from the Quiriquina Formation of central Chile. The relationships of <i>Aristonectes</i> have been controversial, with competing theories assigning the genus to Cryptoclididae, Elasmosauridae, and Aristonectidae; however, there is a developing consensus that <i>Aristonectes</i> is a derived elasmosaurid, and this paper gives strong evidence for this view. Comparison of the specimen here studied with the holotype of <i>A. parvidens</i> demonstrates that <i>A</i>. <i>quiriquinensis</i> is a distinct species. The completeness of the adult skeleton allows the first confident size estimates for adult <i>Aristonectes</i>. It is a large plesiosaurian with a relatively large skull with numerous homodont teeth, a moderately long and laterally compressed neck, and relatively narrow trunk, with slender and elongate forelimbs. The two specimens are restricted to the upper Maastrichtian of central Chile, posing questions concerning the austral circumpolar distribution of different elasmosaurids towards the end of the Cretaceous. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963524
title: Identification of the Minimum Effective Dose for Normally Distributed Endpoints Using a Model Selection Approach

description: When identifying the minimum effective dose (MED) or the lowest observed adverse event level (LOAEL), researchers usually employ multiple comparison procedures (MCPs). The ones preferred are the Dunnett-type difference-to-placebo and ratio-to-control test. In this article, we will use a model selection criterion, namely the generalized order-restricted information criterion (GORIC). The GORIC can evaluate a set of hypotheses regarding the response means directly and simultaneously, where in this case in each hypothesis a different dose is hypothesized to be the MED or LOAEL. It takes different patterns of increasing response with increasing dose into account without pooling response means, whereas MCPs with order restrictions do. The GORIC chooses the best hypothesis of the set leading to the identification of the MED and, depending on the set, to a specific pattern of response means. We will show, by simulation, that the GORIC has advantages in identifying the MED or LOAEL, besides theoretical ones. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963528.v1
title: <i>Hipparion phlegrae</i>, sp. nov. (Mammalia, Perissodactyla): a new species from the Turolian locality of Kryopigi (Kassandra, Chalkidiki, Greece)

description: ABSTRACTA new hipparion species, <i>Hipparion phlegrae</i>, sp. nov., is described on the basis of both morphological characters and metrical data as a member of <i>Hipparion</i> s.s. It is compared with <i>H. dietrichi</i>, <i>H. prostylum</i>, and similar forms of the Greco-Iranian province. The age of the Kryopigi fauna is discussed as Turolian on the basis of the hipparion assemblage, whereas the coexistence of a small <i>Cremohipparion</i> referred here as <i>C. matthewi/nikosi</i> indicates that <i>H. phlegrae</i>, sp. nov., is probably a derived species in respect to <i>H. prostylum</i>. The decreased size of the <i>H. phlegrae</i> and the short and wide muzzle are discussed for <i>Hipparion</i> s.s. during the Turolian period. Phylogenetic relationships of the new species and related taxa are reconstructed and also considered. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963529.v1
title: <i>Papahu taitapu</i>, gen. et sp. nov., an early Miocene stem odontocete (Cetacea) from New Zealand

description: ABSTRACTThe early Miocene is one of the least understood intervals in cetacean evolution. A new early Miocene dolphin described here, <i>Papahu taitapu</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (family incertae sedis, Cetacea, Odontoceti), is from the Kaipuke Formation (21.7–18.7 Ma) of North West Nelson, New Zealand. The holotype of <i>Papahu taitapu</i> includes a skull with an open mesorostral canal, a broad-based rostrum (broken anteriorly), two pairs of premaxillary foramina, a slight bilateral asymmetry at the antorbital notches, a slight intertemporal constriction exposing the temporal fossa and the lateral wall of the braincase in dorsal view, and single-rooted (and probably homodont) teeth. The periotic has an inflated, spherical pars cochlearis and an anterior process with the anterointernal sulcus and a recurved lateral sulcus well developed. The skull size indicates a body length of about 2 m. <i>Papahu taitapu</i> plots cladistically in a cluster of archaic dolphins variously referred to as Platanistoidea or as stem Odontoceti. It matches no family described so far, but cladistic relationships for comparable odontocetes are not yet resolved enough to justify family placement. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963521
title: Improving Student Learning of Calculus Topics via Modified Just-in-Time Teaching Methods

description: Although the use of traditional just-in-time teaching techniques has long been viewed positively by students and instructors in undergraduate calculus courses, past studies in this area have not addressed gains in student achievement with respect to specific calculus topics. This paper investigates the latter by administering modified just-in-time review modules over college algebra topics in a first-semester calculus course at Kansas State University during Spring 2012. Analysis of student performance revealed significant gains in learning on the topics of limits and the chain rule for derivatives. Issues pertaining to the timing of the reviews, along with descriptions of the review assignments, analysis of student performance, and implications for classroom instruction are discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963524.v1
title: Identification of the Minimum Effective Dose for Normally Distributed Endpoints Using a Model Selection Approach

description: When identifying the minimum effective dose (MED) or the lowest observed adverse event level (LOAEL), researchers usually employ multiple comparison procedures (MCPs). The ones preferred are the Dunnett-type difference-to-placebo and ratio-to-control test. In this article, we will use a model selection criterion, namely the generalized order-restricted information criterion (GORIC). The GORIC can evaluate a set of hypotheses regarding the response means directly and simultaneously, where in this case in each hypothesis a different dose is hypothesized to be the MED or LOAEL. It takes different patterns of increasing response with increasing dose into account without pooling response means, whereas MCPs with order restrictions do. The GORIC chooses the best hypothesis of the set leading to the identification of the MED and, depending on the set, to a specific pattern of response means. We will show, by simulation, that the GORIC has advantages in identifying the MED or LOAEL, besides theoretical ones. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963521.v1
title: Improving Student Learning of Calculus Topics via Modified Just-in-Time Teaching Methods

description: Although the use of traditional just-in-time teaching techniques has long been viewed positively by students and instructors in undergraduate calculus courses, past studies in this area have not addressed gains in student achievement with respect to specific calculus topics. This paper investigates the latter by administering modified just-in-time review modules over college algebra topics in a first-semester calculus course at Kansas State University during Spring 2012. Analysis of student performance revealed significant gains in learning on the topics of limits and the chain rule for derivatives. Issues pertaining to the timing of the reviews, along with descriptions of the review assignments, analysis of student performance, and implications for classroom instruction are discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963518
title: A new eilenodontine (Lepidosauria, Sphenodontidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of central Patagonia

description: ABSTRACTA new species of eilenodontine sphenodontian, <i>Priosphenodon minimus</i>, is described from a locality 400 km south of those that yield the northern Patagonian eilenodontines (the largest known terrestrial sphenodontians). The new species, represented by subadult specimens, is both the smallest known eilenodontine and the southernmost record of the group. <i>Pr. minimus</i> is characterized by a nearly vertical lateral process of the premaxilla; anteriorly extended frontals that lack the naso-prefrontal projections; a rounded frontal anterior process; a prefrontal that posteriorly embraces the nasal; a coronoid process of the dentary that is tall and with an anterior border that is vertical in medial view; strong anteromedial flanges on all teeth; uncommonly dense dental packing; and an anteriorly extended angular that reaches the midlength of the lower jaw. Differences from juvenile specimens of <i>Priosphenodon avelasi</i>, such as the interruption of the prefrontal-jugal contact, are marked. The holotype and associated material come from early Albian strata, and are therefore around 12 million years older than the northern Patagonian giant sphenodontians. The new species here described reveals that many of the characters used to diagnose <i>Kaikaifilusaurus calvoi</i> are widespread, so this taxon should be regarded as a nomen dubium. Therefore, the genus <i>Priosphenodon</i> is considered as valid herein, with the new species assigned to it. A phylogenetic analysis demonstrates the monophyly of <i>Priosphenodon</i> and suggests that the new taxon represents an incidence of dwarfing. This discovery increases the morphological disparity among these specialized herbivores, and provides new climatological and biostratigraphic information on the terrestrial ecosystems of Patagonia. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963516
title: Fossil Sirenia of the West Atlantic and Caribbean region. Ix. <i>Metaxytherium albifontanum</i>, sp. nov.

description: ABSTRACTWe describe a new species of the halitheriine dugongid genus <i>Metaxytherium</i> from the late Oligocene of Florida and South Carolina. The new species is represented by cranial and postcranial material, including parts of the axial and appendicular skeleton. <i>Metaxytherium albifontanum</i>, sp. nov., differs from other species of <i>Metaxytherium</i> by the following unique combination of plesiomorphic and derived characters: posterior end of nasal process of premaxilla broad and flat relative to what is observed in most other members of the genus (somewhat resembling <i>M. subapenninum</i>); ventral extremity of jugal under posterior edge of orbit (character 85[1]) (shared with <i>M. krahuletzi</i>); exoccipitals separated in dorsal midline (character 66[1]) (shared with all other species in the genus, except some <i>M. krahuletzi</i>); and innominate with acetabulum (nearly lost or lost in <i>M. crataegense</i>, <i>M. floridanum</i>, <i>M. serresii</i>). This new species was sympatric with two dugongines, <i>Crenatosiren olseni</i> and <i>Dioplotherium manigaulti</i>. The small tusks and cranial morphology of <i>M. albifontanum</i>, sp. nov., indicate that it was likely a consumer of small seagrasses. Our phylogenetic analysis is consistent with previous ones in placing Hydrodamalinae within a paraphyletic <i>Metaxytherium</i> spp. and placing the <i>Metaxytherium</i> spp. + Hydrodamalinae clade as the sister group to Dugonginae. <i>Metaxytherium albifontanum</i>, sp. nov., is the oldest known member of its genus; this might indicate that the group originated in the West Atlantic and Caribbean region and later dispersed to the Old World Tethys region. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963515
title: A new early Miocene octodontoid rodent (Hystricognathi, Caviomorpha) from Patagonia (Argentina) and a reassessment of the early evolution of Octodontoidea

description: ABSTRACTA new caviomorph rodent, <i>Dudumus ruigomezi</i>, gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Sarmiento Formation, Trelew Member (early Miocene), of the Argentinian Patagonia. This new taxon is represented by upper and lower cheek teeth, mandible, and maxillary remains. It is characterized by retention of deciduous premolar, and low-crowned and terraced lower and upper cheek teeth with well-differentiated cusps, as in <i>Caviocricetus lucasi</i>; upper molariforms with the mesolophule and metacone fused with the posterior-most crest, as in <i>C. lucasi</i>; lower molars with lingual cusp enlarged and metalophulid II longer in m2 than in m1and m3, as in <i>Prospaniomys priscus</i>; and dp4 with metalophulid I separated from the metaconid and a spur projecting posterolingually from the posterior wall of metalophulid I, between the protoconid and anteroconid. The incisor enamel microstructure is derived, with the interprismatic matrix perpendicular (at a right angle) to the prisms, as in other octodontoids. A cladistic analysis corroborates that <i>D. ruigomezi</i> represents an octodontoid rodent with unusual tooth morphology. This analysis demonstrates that the early evolutionary history of Octodontoidea was characterized by the differentiation of successive lineages that survived until the early or middle Miocene, with no direct relationships with modern Octodontidae and Echimyidae. This analysis also suggests that fossil taxa previously classified as octodontoids are instead more closely related to the other caviomorph rodents. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at http://www.tandfonline.com/UJVP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963518.v1
title: A new eilenodontine (Lepidosauria, Sphenodontidae) from the Lower Cretaceous of central Patagonia

description: ABSTRACTA new species of eilenodontine sphenodontian, <i>Priosphenodon minimus</i>, is described from a locality 400 km south of those that yield the northern Patagonian eilenodontines (the largest known terrestrial sphenodontians). The new species, represented by subadult specimens, is both the smallest known eilenodontine and the southernmost record of the group. <i>Pr. minimus</i> is characterized by a nearly vertical lateral process of the premaxilla; anteriorly extended frontals that lack the naso-prefrontal projections; a rounded frontal anterior process; a prefrontal that posteriorly embraces the nasal; a coronoid process of the dentary that is tall and with an anterior border that is vertical in medial view; strong anteromedial flanges on all teeth; uncommonly dense dental packing; and an anteriorly extended angular that reaches the midlength of the lower jaw. Differences from juvenile specimens of <i>Priosphenodon avelasi</i>, such as the interruption of the prefrontal-jugal contact, are marked. The holotype and associated material come from early Albian strata, and are therefore around 12 million years older than the northern Patagonian giant sphenodontians. The new species here described reveals that many of the characters used to diagnose <i>Kaikaifilusaurus calvoi</i> are widespread, so this taxon should be regarded as a nomen dubium. Therefore, the genus <i>Priosphenodon</i> is considered as valid herein, with the new species assigned to it. A phylogenetic analysis demonstrates the monophyly of <i>Priosphenodon</i> and suggests that the new taxon represents an incidence of dwarfing. This discovery increases the morphological disparity among these specialized herbivores, and provides new climatological and biostratigraphic information on the terrestrial ecosystems of Patagonia. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963513
title: A new fossil megamouth shark (Lamniformes, Megachasmidae) from the Oligocene-Miocene of the western United States

description: ABSTRACTThe extant megamouth shark, <i>Megachasma pelagios</i> (Lamniformes: Megachasmidae), is a large filter-feeding fish. We here describe a new species of <i>Megachasma</i>, <i>M. applegatei</i>, sp. nov., a putative sister species of the extant <i>M. pelagios</i>, based on isolated teeth from late Oligocene–early Miocene (late Chattian–Aquitanian) marine deposits in California and Oregon, U.S.A. Although showing a megachasmid tooth design, teeth of <i>M. applegatei</i>, sp. nov., exhibit a wide morphological range and are reminiscent to those of odontaspidid sharks with strong heterodonty. <i>Megachasma applegatei</i>, sp. nov., could have commonly measured approximately 6 m in total length and likely had a wide range of diet, possibly including small fishes and planktonic invertebrates. The fossil record indicates that either <i>M. applegatei</i>, sp. nov., was broadly adapted to a wide bathymetric tolerance or was a nektopelagic feeder over both deep and shallow water habitats. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at http://www.tandfonline.com/UJVP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963515.v1
title: A new early Miocene octodontoid rodent (Hystricognathi, Caviomorpha) from Patagonia (Argentina) and a reassessment of the early evolution of Octodontoidea

description: ABSTRACTA new caviomorph rodent, <i>Dudumus ruigomezi</i>, gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Sarmiento Formation, Trelew Member (early Miocene), of the Argentinian Patagonia. This new taxon is represented by upper and lower cheek teeth, mandible, and maxillary remains. It is characterized by retention of deciduous premolar, and low-crowned and terraced lower and upper cheek teeth with well-differentiated cusps, as in <i>Caviocricetus lucasi</i>; upper molariforms with the mesolophule and metacone fused with the posterior-most crest, as in <i>C. lucasi</i>; lower molars with lingual cusp enlarged and metalophulid II longer in m2 than in m1and m3, as in <i>Prospaniomys priscus</i>; and dp4 with metalophulid I separated from the metaconid and a spur projecting posterolingually from the posterior wall of metalophulid I, between the protoconid and anteroconid. The incisor enamel microstructure is derived, with the interprismatic matrix perpendicular (at a right angle) to the prisms, as in other octodontoids. A cladistic analysis corroborates that <i>D. ruigomezi</i> represents an octodontoid rodent with unusual tooth morphology. This analysis demonstrates that the early evolutionary history of Octodontoidea was characterized by the differentiation of successive lineages that survived until the early or middle Miocene, with no direct relationships with modern Octodontidae and Echimyidae. This analysis also suggests that fossil taxa previously classified as octodontoids are instead more closely related to the other caviomorph rodents. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at http://www.tandfonline.com/UJVP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963509
title: Earliest modern bandicoot and bilby (Marsupialia, Peramelidae and Thylacomyidae) from the Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland, Australia

description: ABSTRACTRecent molecular phylogenies of peramelemorphians suggest that thylacomyids (bilbies) and peramelids (modern bandicoots) diversified sometime in the late Oligocene or early Miocene. Until now, however, the earliest fossil evidence of thylacomyids and peramelids was from the Australian Pliocene. Here we describe the oldest peramelid and thylacomyid from the middle Miocene of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland. The peramelid, <i>Crash bandicoot</i>, gen. et sp. nov., is represented by a single maxilla containing M1–3 that exhibits peramelid synapomorphies, including development of a metaconular hypocone, an incomplete centrocrista, and well-developed anterior cingulum. The thylacomyid, <i>Liyamayi dayi</i>, gen. et sp. nov., is represented by M2 and m1, which show thylacomyid synapomorphies including a conical entoconid, a conical stylar cusp B (StB) and StD, and reduced distance between the metastyle and StD. The results of our phylogenetic analysis indicate that both species are part of crown-group Peramelemorphia. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP