DOI: 10.5255/ukda-sn-6447-1
title: Social and Environmental Inequalities in Rural England, 2004-2009
title: SEIRA; SECRA; Developing Spatial Data for the Classification of Rural Areas

description: &lt;p&gt;This is a mixed method data collection. The study is part of the Rural Economy and Land Use (RELU) programme. The data result from two RELU projects carried out by the same research team: &lt;br&gt;• Social and environmental conditions in rural areas (SECRA), 01/10/2004 - 30/09/2005&lt;br&gt;• Social and environmental inequalities in rural areas (SEIRA), 01/08/2007 -31/07/2009&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;Both SECRA and SEIRA consist of a series of social and environmental variables for the same 6,027 rural Lower Super Output Areas in England. SECRA is the base dataset produced during the pilot project. The SEIRA dataset contains additional variables. In addition, SEIRA also contains interviews with rural residents on perceptions of inequality and inequity. Interview results revealed that people recognise that rural areas offer limited opportunities for recreation and local services, and a lack of affordable housing.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;i&gt;SECRA&lt;/i&gt;: The dataset on social and environmental conditions in rural areas was intended to encourage and enable researchers and policy makers to include both social and environmental perspectives in their consideration of rural problems.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;The original objectives of the one-year scoping study to produce the dataset were:&lt;br&gt;1. to compile a rural sustainability dataset incorporating both socio-economic and&lt;br&gt;environmental characteristics of rural census output areas in England;&lt;br&gt;2. to highlight and address the methodological difficulties in working with spatial and&lt;br&gt;survey data from sources in the social and environmental science domains;&lt;br&gt;3. to identify the limitations of currently available data for rural areas;&lt;br&gt;4. to pilot the use of the rural sustainability dataset for classifying rural areas according to socio-economic and environmental conditions and hence allowing the construction of typologies to provide sampling frames for further research and to inform policies for sustainable rural development;&lt;br&gt;5. to explore the possibilities of extending dataset coverage to Scotland and Northern&lt;br&gt;Ireland given differences in census data infrastructures and output design processes.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;The SECRA dataset has been compiled at the level of the new Super Output Areas (SOAs) for England. The rural extent has been identified from the new Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) definition of urban and rural areas which relies primarily on the morphology and context of settlements.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;Further information and documentation for this study may be found through the &lt;a href="https://www.researchcatalogue.esrc.ac.uk/grants/RES-224-25-0062/read" target="_blank"&gt;ESRC Research Catalogue: Developing spatial data for the classification of rural areas.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;i&gt;SEIRA&lt;/i&gt;: This research project has investigated the nature and extent of social and environmental inequalities and injustice in rural England addressing the questions:&lt;br&gt;1. How can we measure rural spatial inequalities in (a) socio-economic and (b) environmental-ecological characteristics of small-scale areas of England? &lt;br&gt;2. How can inequality measures inform our understanding of the distributions of social and environmental deprivation in rural England? &lt;br&gt;3. How do rural residents experience the kinds of inequality identified by the research, and what types of inequalities do they perceive as inequitable? &lt;br&gt;4. Are there identifiable areas of rural England where the potential for environmental and social inequity suggests a need for policy intervention?&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;Inequality in social, economic and environmental conditions has important implications for individuals or groups of people experiencing its negative effects, but also for society as a whole. In urban areas, poor environments are associated frequently with deprivation and social exclusion. Where the unequal distribution of social and environmental goods is considered unfair, it constitutes social or environmental injustice. This project has quantified inequalities in social and environmental conditions throughout rural England and identified those areas where inequalities are greatest. It has also enhanced understanding of perceptions of inequality and injustice in rural areas. The work shows how rural policy can be refined and targeted to tackle these multi-faceted problems in the most appropriate way for the benefit of society.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;Further information for this study may be found through the &lt;a href="https://www.researchcatalogue.esrc.ac.uk/grants/RES-229-25-0004/read" target="_blank"&gt;ESRC Research Catalogue webpage: Social and environmental inequalities in rural areas.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="https://www.researchcatalogue.esrc.ac.uk/grants/RES-229-25-0004/read" target="_blank" style=""&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;/p&gt;