cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dj8q4
title: Data from: Asynchronous hatching in a non-avian species: a test of the hurry-up hypothesis

description: The hurry-up hypothesis suggests that completing reproduction as soon as
 possible is favoured when the quantity or quality of resources used for
 breeding declines over time. However, completing reproduction sooner may
 incur a cost if it leads to an asynchronous hatching pattern that reduces
 overall growth and survival of offspring. Here, we present the first test
 of the hurry-up hypothesis in a non-avian system, the burying beetle
 Nicrophorus vespilloides, which breeds on small vertebrate carcasses. To
 this end, we conducted two experiments in which we provided females with
 an incentive to complete reproduction sooner by giving them carcasses that
 varied either with respect to decomposition (decomposed or fresh) or size.
 We recorded the delay until laying, and measures of the laying pattern and
 fitness consequences for the offspring. As predicted, we found that larvae
 dispersed from the carcass earlier when females commenced oviposition
 sooner and that laying spread was greater when females commenced egg
 laying earlier. However, we found no evidence that females commenced egg
 laying earlier on either decomposed or larger carcasses. Our results
 suggest that, although asynchronous hatching might emerge as a by-product
 of parents attempting to complete reproduction sooner, there is no
 evidence that females attempt to complete reproduction sooner under
 conditions where this would be favourable. Our results are therefore
 inconsistent with the hurry-up hypothesis.
description: FordSmisethBE2017A data
 for the carcass decomposition experimentData for the carcass
 decomposition experimentFordSmisethBE2017A.xlsxFordSmisethBE2017B data for the carcass size experimentdata for the carcass size experimentFordSmisethBE2017B.xlsxFordSmisethBE2017C data on egg volumedata on egg volumeFordSmisethBE2017C.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sp0ks
title: Data from: The use of archived tags in retrospective genetic analysis of fish

description: Collections of historical tissue samples from fish (e.g. scales and
 otoliths) stored in museums and fisheries institutions are precious
 sources of DNA for conducting retrospective genetic analysis. However, in
 some cases only external tags used for documentation of spatial dynamics
 of fish populations have been preserved. Here we test the usefulness of
 fish tags as a source of DNA for genetic analysis. We extract DNA from
 historical tags from cod collected in Greenlandic waters between 1950 and
 1968. We show that the quantity and quality of DNA recovered from tags is
 comparable to DNA from archived otoliths from the same individuals.
 Surprisingly, levels of cross-contamination do not seem to be
 significantly higher in DNA from external (tag) than internal (otolith)
 sources. Our study therefore demonstrates that historical tags can be a
 highly valuable source of DNA for retrospective genetic analysis of fish.
description: Individual
 genotypesAllelic profile of
 otolith and tag extracts for each of the four amplified microsatellite
 loci : Gmo-C18, PGmo38, Tch11 and Tch14.For each extract two PCR
 replicates were provided.Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t903h
title: Data from: Food-environment mediates the outcome of specific interactions between a bumblebee and its trypanosome parasite

description: Specific host-parasite interactions, where the outcome of exposure to a
 parasite depends upon the genotypic identity of both parties, have
 implications for understanding host-parasite co-evolution and patterns of
 genetic diversity. Thus, grasping the extent to which these interactions
 are mediated by environmental changes in a spatially and temporally
 heterogeneous world is vital. In this study it is shown that the
 environment can influence specific host-parasite interactions in the
 well-studied system of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris and its trypanosome
 parasite Crithidia bombi. Naturally relevant variation in the quality of
 the food environment formed a three-way interaction with both host and
 parasite identity in determining the outcome of infection, with regard to
 the resistance of the host and the transmission of the parasite. The
 demonstration of such a host-genotype by parasite-genotype by environment
 interaction (GHxGPxE) shows the importance of considering environmental
 variation when investigating host-parasite interactions. Moreover, such
 interactions may to some extent explain levels of genetic diversity in
 natural host-parasite systems owing to the fact that they will create
 selection mosaics when environments are heterogeneous.
description: Main experiment testing
 influence of food environment on specific host-parasite
 interactionsSadd_main_bombus_crithidia_food2009.txtPreliminary tests of food quality and longevitySadd_prelim_bombus_food2009.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cj56q
title: Data from: Migratory constraints on yolk precursors limit yolk androgen deposition and underlie a brood reduction strategy in rockhopper penguins

description: Hormonally mediated maternal effects link maternal phenotype and
 environmental conditions to offspring phenotype. The production of
 lipid-rich maternal yolk precursors may provide a mechanism by which
 lipophilic steroid hormones can be transported to developing yolks, thus
 predicting a positive correlation between yolk precursors in mothers and
 androgen levels in eggs. Using rockhopper penguins (Eudyptes chrysocome),
 which produce a two-egg clutch characterized by extreme egg-size
 dimorphism, reversed hatching asynchrony and brood-reduction, we examined
 correlations between circulating concentrations of the primary
 yolk-precursor vitellogenin (VTG) and levels of yolk androgens. Previous
 work in Eudyptes penguins has shown that egg-size dimorphism is the
 product of migratory constraints on yolk precursor production. We
 predicted that if yolk precursors are constrained, androgen transport to
 developing yolks would be similarly constrained. We reveal positive linear
 relationships between maternal VTG and androgens in small A-eggs but not
 larger B-eggs, which is consistent with a migratory constraint operating
 on the A-egg. Results suggest that intra-clutch variation in total yolk
 androgen levels depends on the production and uptake of yolk precursors.
 The brood reduction strategy common to Eudyptes might thus be best
 described as the result of a migratory constraint.
description: Crossin et al Biology
 Letters 2012
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.98c48
title: Data from: Time scale matters: genetic analysis does not support adaptation-by-time as the mechanism for adaptive seasonal declines in kokanee reproductive lifespan

description: Seasonal declines of fitness-related traits are often attributed to
 environmental effects or individual-level decisions about reproductive
 timing and effort, but genetic variation may also play a role. In
 populations of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), seasonal declines in
 reproductive life span have been attributed to adaptation-by-time, in
 which divergent selection for different traits occurs among reproductively
 isolated temporal components of a population. We evaluated this hypothesis
 in kokanee (freshwater obligate Oncorhynchus nerka) by testing for
 temporal genetic structure in neutral and circadian-linked loci. We
 detected no genetic differences in presumably neutral loci among kokanee
 with different arrival and maturation dates within a spawning season.
 Similarly, we detected no temporal genetic structure in OtsClock1b,
 Omy1009uw, or OmyFbxw11, candidate loci associated with circadian
 function. The genetic evidence from this study and others indicates a lack
 of support for adaptation-by-time as an important evolutionary mechanism
 underlying seasonal declines in reproductive life span and a need for
 greater consideration of other mechanisms such as time-dependent, adaptive
 adjustment of reproductive effort.
description: Time scale matters:
 genetic analysis does not support adaptation-by-time as the mechanism for
 adaptive seasonal declines in kokanee reproductive
 lifespanSeasonal declines of
 fitness-related traits are often attributed to environmental effects or
 individual-level decisions about reproductive timing and effort, but
 genetic variation may also play a role. In populations of Pacific salmon
 (Oncorhynchus spp.), seasonal declines in reproductive lifespan have been
 attributed to adaptation-by-time, in which divergent selection for
 different traits occurs among reproductively isolated temporal components
 of a population. We evaluated this hypothesis in kokanee (freshwater
 obligate Oncorhynchus nerka) by testing for temporal genetic structure in
 neutral and circadian-linked loci. We detected no genetic differences in
 at presumably neutral loci among kokanee with different arrival and
 maturation dates within a spawning season. Similarly, we detected no
 temporal genetic structure in OtsClock1b, Omy1009uw, or OmyFbxw11,
 candidate loci associated with circadian function. The genetic evidence
 from this study and others indicates a lack of support for
 adaptation-by-time as an important evolutionary mechanism underlying
 seasonal declines in reproductive lifespan, and a need for greater
 consideration of other mechanisms such as time-dependent, adaptive
 adjustment of reproductive effort.Morbey et al. Ecol Evol
 DRYAD.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2s6b3
title: Data from: Testing scale-dependent effects of semi-natural habitats on farmland biodiversity

description: The effectiveness of conservation interventions for maximizing
 biodiversity benefits from agri-environment schemes (AESs) is expected to
 depend on the quantity of seminatural habitats in the surrounding
 landscape. To verify this hypothesis, we developed a hierarchical sampling
 design to assess the effects of field boundary type and cover of
 seminatural habitats in the landscape at two nested spatial scales. We
 sampled three types of field boundaries with increasing structural
 complexity (grass margin, simple hedgerow, complex hedgerow) in paired
 landscapes with the presence or absence of seminatural habitats (radius
 0.5 km), that in turn, were nested within 15 areas with different
 proportions of seminatural habitats at a larger spatial scale (10 × 10
 km). Overall, 90 field boundaries were sampled across a Mediterranean
 region (northeastern Italy). We considered species richness response
 across three different taxonomic groups: vascular plants, butterflies, and
 tachinid flies. No interactions between type of field boundary and
 surrounding landscape were found at either 0.5 and 10 km, indicating that
 the quality of field boundary had the same effect irrespective of the
 cover of seminatural habitats. At the local scale, extended-width grass
 margins yielded higher plant species richness, while hedgerows yielded
 higher species richness of butterflies and tachinids. At the 0.5-km
 landscape scale, the effect of the proportion of seminatural habitats was
 neutral for plants and tachinids, while butterflies were positively
 related to the proportion of forest. At the 10-km landscape scale, only
 butterflies responded positively to the proportion of seminatural
 habitats. Our study confirmed the importance of testing multiple scales
 when considering species from different taxa and with different mobility.
 We showed that the quality of field boundaries at the local scale was an
 important factor in enhancing farmland biodiversity. For butterflies, AESs
 should focus particular attention on preservation of forest patches in
 agricultural landscapes within 0.5 km, as well as the conservation of
 seminatural habitats at a wider landscape scale.
description: Farmland
 biodiversityThe file contains all
 data used in the analyses of this paper.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.e4n9ah
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 35 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Dryobalanops fusca"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 35 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001014-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.400jc8bj
title: Data from: Genetic divergence is decoupled from ecological diversification in the Hawaiian Nesosydne planthoppers

description: Adaptive radiation involves ecological shifts coupled with isolation of
 gene pools. However, we know little about what drives the initial stages
 of divergence. We study a system in which ecological diversification is
 found within a chronologically well-defined geological matrix to provide
 insight into this enigmatic phase of radiation. We tested the hypothesis
 that a period of geographic isolation precedes ecological specialization
 in an adaptive radiation of host-specialized Hawaiian planthoppers. We
 examined population structure and history using mitochondrial and multiple
 independent microsatellite loci in a species whose geographic distribution
 on the island of Hawaii enabled us to observe the chronology of divergence
 in its very earliest stages. We found that genetic divergence is
 associated with geographic features but not different plant hosts and that
 divergence times are very recent and on the same timescales as the dynamic
 geology of the island. Our results suggest an important role for geography
 in the dynamics of the early stages of divergence.
description: GoodmanEtAl2012MicrosatelliteDataMicrosatellite data set of 13 loci from 10 sampling locations in Genepop (3-digit allele size) format. Data were generated from samples collected across Hawaii Island. Microsatellite names follow primer names described in Goodman et al 2008, Molecular Ecology Resources 8:1436-1438.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mp713
title: Data from: Incomplete specimens in geometric morphometric analyses

description: 1.The analysis of morphological diversity frequently relies on the use of
 multivariate methods for characterizing biological shape. However, many of
 these methods are intolerant of missing data, which can limit the use of
 rare taxa and hinder the study of broad patterns of ecological diversity
 and morphological evolution. This study applied a mutli-dataset approach
 to compare variation in missing data estimation and its effect on
 geometric morphometric analysis across taxonomically-variable groups,
 landmark position and sample sizes. 2.Missing morphometric landmark data
 was simulated from five real, complete datasets, including modern fish,
 primates and extinct theropod dinosaurs. Missing landmarks were then
 estimated using several standard approaches and a
 geometric-morphometric-specific method. The accuracy of missing data
 estimation was determined for each estimation method, landmark position,
 and morphological dataset. Procrustes superimposition was used to compare
 the eigenvectors and principal component scores of a geometric
 morphometric analysis of the original landmark data, to datasets with A)
 missing values estimated, or B) simulated incomplete specimens excluded,
 for varying levels of specimens incompleteness and sample sizes.
 3.Standard estimation techniques were more reliable estimators and had
 lower impacts on morphometric analysis compared to a
 geometric-morphometric-specific estimator. For most datasets and
 estimation techniques, estimating missing data produced a better fit to
 the structure of the original data than exclusion of incomplete specimens,
 and this was maintained even at considerably reduced sample sizes. The
 impact of missing data on geometric morphometric analysis was
 disproportionately affected by the most fragmentary specimens. 4.Missing
 data estimation was influenced by variability of specific anatomical
 features, and may be improved by a better understanding of shape variation
 present in a dataset. Our results suggest that the inclusion of incomplete
 specimens through the use of effective missing data estimators better
 reflects the patterns of shape variation within a dataset than using only
 complete specimens, however the effectiveness of missing data estimation
 can be maximized by excluding only the most incomplete specimens. It is
 advised that missing data estimators be evaluated for each dataset and
 landmark independently, as the effectiveness of estimators can vary
 strongly and unpredictably between different taxa and structures.
description: Table 1 Arctic char
 landmarksThirteen landmarks from
 121 specimens of Arctic char from Lake Hazen, Ellesmere Island, Canada
 (Arbour et al. 2011, Canadian Journal of Zoology
 89(1):19-30).Table 2 Guianacara
 dacrya landmarksSixteen landmarks from
 73 specimens, from the description of Guianacara dacrya (see Arbour and
 Lopez-Fernandez, 2011, Neotropical Ichthyology
 9(1):87-96.)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.354f92m
title: Data from: Patterns of reproductive isolation in a haplodiploid – strong post‐mating, prezygotic barriers among three forms of a social spider mite

description: In speciation research, much attention is paid to the evolution of
 reproductive barriers, preventing diverging groups from hybridizing back
 into one gene pool. The prevalent view is that reproductive barriers
 evolve gradually as a byproduct of genetic changes accumulated by natural
 selection and genetic drift in groups that are segregated spatially and/or
 temporally. Reproductive barriers, however, can also be reinforced by
 natural selection against maladaptive hybridization. These mutually
 compatible theories are both empirically supported by studies, analyzing
 relationships between intensity of reproductive isolation and genetic
 distance in sympatric taxa and allopatric taxa. Here, we present the – to
 our knowledge – first comparative study in a haplodiploid organism, the
 social spider mite Stigmaeopsis miscanthi, by measuring premating and
 postmating pre- and postzygotic components of reproductive isolation,
 using three recently diverged forms of the mite that partly overlap in
 home range. We carried out cross experiments and measured genetic
 distances (mtDNA and nDNA) among parapatric and allopatric populations of
 the three forms. Our results show that the three forms are reproductively
 isolated, despite the absence of premating barriers, and that the
 postmating, prezygotic component contributes most to reproductive
 isolation. As expected, the strength of postmating reproductive barriers
 positively correlated with genetic distance. We did not find a clear
 pattern of prezygotic barriers evolving faster in parapatry than in
 allopatry, although one form did show a trend in line with the ecological
 and behavioral relationships between the forms. Our study advocates the
 versatility of haplodiploid animals for investigating the evolution of
 reproductive barriers.
description: Cross experiment
 dataPopulation and sequence
 data
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7ermyu
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 75 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Trozelia umbellata",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 75 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001015-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.104
title: Data from: The Phylogenetic Position of the Musky Rat-Kangaroo and the Evolution of Bipedal Hopping in Kangaroos (Macropodidae: Diprotodontia)

description: Kangaroos and their relatives (family Macropodidae) are divided into the
 subfamilies Macropodinae (kangaroos, wallabies, pademelons) and Potoroinae
 (rat-kangaroos, potoroos, bettongs). The musky rat-kangaroo,
 Hypsiprymnodon moschatus, is traditionally allied with other potoroines
 based primarily on osteological characters and aspects of the female
 reproductive system. Unlike other macropodids, however, which are capable
 of bipedal hopping, Hypsiprymnodon is a quadrupedal bounder and lacks
 several derived features of the pes and tarsus that are presumably
 adaptations for bipedal hopping. Other derived features, such as a complex
 stomach, loss of P2 with the eruption of P3, and reduction of litter size
 to one, are also lacking in Hypsiprymnodon but occur in all other
 macropodids. Thus, available evidence suggests that Hypsiprymnodon either
 is part of a monophyletic Potoroinae or is a sister taxon to other living
 macropodids. To test these hypotheses, we sequenced 1,170 base pairs of
 the mitochondrial genome for 16 macropodids. Maximum parsimony, minimum
 evolution, maximum likelihood, and quartet puzzling all support the
 hypothesis that macropodines and potoroines are united to the exclusion of
 Hypsiprymnodon. This hypothesis implies that characters such as bipedal
 hopping evolved only once in macropodid evolution. Aside from
 Hypsiprymnodon, the remaining macropodids separate into the traditional
 Macropodinae and Potoroinae. Macropodines further separate into two
 clades: one containing the New Guinean forest wallabies Dorcopsis and
 Dorcopsulus, and one consisting of the genera Macropus, Setonix,
 Thylogale, Onychogalea, Wallabia, Dendrolagus, Peradorcas, and
 Lagorchestes. Among potoroines, there is moderate support for the
 association of Bettongia and Aepyprymnus to the exclusion of Potorous.
 Divergence times were estimated using 12S ribosomal RNA transversions. At
 the base of the macropodid radiation, Hypsiprymnodon diverged from other
 macropodids approximately 45 million years ago. This estimate is
 comparable to divergence estimates among families of Australasian possums
 based on single-copy DNA hybridization and 12S rRNA transversions.
 Macropodines and potoroines, in turn, diverged approximately 30 million
 years ago. Among macropodines Dorcopsis and Dorcopsulus separated from
 other taxa approximately 10 million years ago.
description: Burk et al Data
 Matrix12Cpaup.txt