DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j9kd51cnz
title: Data from: Lappula duplicicarpa var. brevispinula C.J.Wang (Boraginaceae) is a synonym of L. macrantha based on morphological and molecular data

description: Upon examining the type specimens of Lappula duplicicarpa var.
 duplicicarpa and L. duplicicarpa var. brevispinula, significant
 morphological differences were observed between these two taxa, indicating
 that the classification of L. duplicicarpa var. brevispinula as a variety
 may not be warranted. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive
 morphological comparison of L. duplicicarpa var. duplicicarpa, L.
 duplicicarpa var. brevispinula, and L. macrantha, alongside reconstructing
 a phylogenetic tree based on complete chloroplast genome data. The
 analyses suggest that L. duplicicarpa var. brevispinula and L.
 duplicicarpa var. duplicicarpa differ significantly in the morphology of
 the calyx, corolla, and eremocarps, as well as in the micro-morphological
 traits of the eremocarp. Statistically significant discontinuities were
 also observed in the sizes of the corolla and eremocarps. Notably, the
 morphological characteristics of L. duplicicarpa var. brevispinula fall
 within the range of variation exhibited by L. macrantha. Furthermore, in
 the chloroplast phylogenetic tree, L. duplicicarpa var. brevispinula and
 L. macrantha are nested together, indicating a close relationship.
 Consequently, both morphological and molecular evidence supports the
 conclusion that L. duplicicarpa var. brevispinula and L. macrantha are
 conspecific.
description: # Molecular and morphological data of Lappula duplicicarpa var.
 brevispinula
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.j9kd51cnz](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.j9kd51cnz) ## Description of the data and file structure Molecular and morphological data of *Lappula duplicicarpa* var. brevispinula. Total genomic DNA was extracted from silica-gel dried leaves of L. duplicicarpa var. *duplicicarpa*, *L. duplicicarpa* var. *brevispinula*, and *L. macrantha* using a modified CTAB method (Li et al. 2013). High-quality genomic DNA was sent to Novogene Biotechnology in Tianjin for library construction and sequencing. Libraries were sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000 platform, generating paired-end reads of 2×150 bp, with approximately 10 Gb of raw data per sample. Plastome assembly was performed using GetOrganelle version 1.7.5 (Jin et al. 2020) with default parameters, and annotation was carried out using the online tool CpGAVAS2 (Shi et al. 2019), with *Lappula lasiocarpa* (Accession: NC_077516) as the reference genome. Nutlet lengths were measured for 180 samples across 14 populations, including type specimens of *L. duplicicarpa* var. *duplicicarpa* and *L. duplicicarpa* var. *brevispinula*. Specifically, 80 nutlets from six populations of *L. duplicicarpa* var. *duplicicarpa*, 30 nutlets from two populations of *L. duplicicarpa* var. *brevispinula*, and 70 nutlets from six populations of *L. macrantha* were analyzed. Additionally, corolla sizes were measured for 20 flowers of *L. duplicicarpa* var. *duplicicarpa*, 19 flowers of *L. duplicicarpa* var. *brevispinula*, and 27 flowers of *L. macrantha*. All measurements were conducted using ImageJ (Abràmoff et al. 2004). ### Files and variables #### File: molecular\_and\_morphological\_data.zip **Description:** six files inside compressed archives, including Lappula duplicicarpa M24.fasta, Lappula duplicicarpa var brevispinula M34.fasta, Lappula duplicicarpa XJ37.fasta, Lappula macrantha M6.fasta, Lappula macrantha XJ28.fasta and S1.xlsx. The five FASTA files contain the complete chloroplast genome sequences assembled using the GetOrganelle. The Excel file S1.xlsx includes four worksheets: voucher information, characteristics of chloroplast genomes of five samples, corolla measurements, and nutlet measurements.  The "voucher Information" worksheet contains details on five newly sequenced samples from this study, including their collection localities and associated herbarium specimen information. Additionally, it lists the accession numbers of eight sequences retrieved from NCBI. The "Characteristics of Chloroplast" worksheet outlines key features of the chloroplast genome sequences for the five newly sequenced samples. This includes sequence length (in base pairs), GC content (%), and the number of genes, coding sequences (CDS), rRNA, and tRNA. The "corolla measurements" worksheet provides morphological data on the corolla for the studied taxa, including measurements of the corolla limb, corolla tube, and appendage. Similarly, the "nutlet measurements" worksheet includes data on nutlet length for the studied taxa. ## Code/software Using txt and excel view data. Information regarding the software used in this study is available in the **"Description of the data and file structure"** section. ## Access information Other publicly accessible locations of the data: * No Data was derived from the following sources: * No