DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v118180
title: Data from: Within-host priority effects systematically alter pathogen coexistence

description: Coinfection of host populations alters pathogen prevalence, host
 mortality, and pathogen evolution. Because pathogens compete for limiting
 resources, whether multiple pathogens can coexist in a host population can
 depend on their within-host interactions which, in turn, can depend on the
 order in which pathogens infect hosts (within-host priority effects).
 However, the consequences of within-host priority effects for pathogen
 coexistence have not been tested. Using laboratory studies with a
 coinfected zooplankton system, we found that pathogens had increased
 fitness in coinfected hosts when they were the second pathogen to infect a
 host, compared to when they were the first pathogen to infect a host. With
 these results, we parameterized a pathogen coexistence model with priority
 effects, finding that pathogen coexistence (1) decreased when priority
 effects increased the fitness of the first pathogen to arrive in
 coinfected hosts, and (2) increased when priority effects increased the
 fitness of the second pathogen to arrive in coinfected hosts. We also
 identified the natural conditions under which we expect within-host
 priority effects to foster coexistence in our system. These outcomes were
 the result of positive or negative frequency dependence created by
 feedback loops between pathogen prevalence and infection order in
 coinfected hosts. This suggests that priority effects can systematically
 alter conditions for pathogen coexistence in host populations, thereby
 changing pathogen community structure and potentially altering host
 mortality and pathogen evolution via emergent processes.
description: Dose x Exposure timing
 experiment for Metschnikowia infectionThis file contains
 experimental results underlying figures B6 and B7. NAs in the Spores
 column are a results of hosts dying too early for mature spores to
 develop, thus not allowing us to assay infection
 success.MetschSporeDoseFeedback_dryad.csvDose x Exposure timing experiment for Pasteuria infectionThis file contains experimental results underlying figures B6 and B7. NAs in the Spores column are a results of hosts dying too early for mature spores to develop, thus not allowing us to assay infection success.PastSporeDoseFeedback_dryad.csvFigure 6 code and scriptThis R code contains the simulations to create the data underlying Figure 6. It also contains the code to create figure 6, minus some modifications made in other programs.Pathogen_coex_fig6_script.Rmetschnikowia, pateuria, within host priority effects dataThis data is from our experiment where we measured within host priority effects in daphnia coinfected with Pasteuria and Metschnikowia. The columns have the following meanings. "Treatment"= Treatment number, aligning to Table 1 in the main text. "treatnameM" and "treatnameP" indicate what the treatment was from the view of a focal parasite (e.g., the 1st arrival in coinfection treatment for Pasteuria would be the 2nd arrival in coinfection treatment for metschnikowia). "Replicate" = replicate. "Parasite" indicates whether a row contains Metschnikowia and host fitness data (1) or Pasteuria data (2). "Count1-4" indicates individual spore counts (4 per replicate). "average" indicates average spore count per replicate. "indowrk" indicates whether metschnikowia or pasteuria inoculations were successful. ""treatwork" indicates whether all inoculations for a replicate were successful. "co" indicates whether a replicate belonged to a coinfection treatment. "stillalive" indicates whether the host was still alive at the end of the experiment. "contaminated" indicates whether a replicate was infected by pathogens it was not exposed to. "Pasteuria" indicates whether the treatment was not exposed to pasteuria (0), singly exposed to pasteuria (1), or exposed to both pathogens (2). "exposed" indicates whether the replicate was exposed to any pathogens. "dissolved" indicates whether the host had partially dissolved after death before we could collect it. "dayslife" indicated days post exposure the host lived. "totbab" indicates total offspring a host had over its lifetime. "lastrepro" Indicates final day of reproduction for the host. The remaining columns indicate the number of offspring found whenever we checked hosts.metsch_past_PE_coinf_dryad.csvCode for Figure 4This R script runs the simulation to create the data underlying figures 4 and 5. It also creates figure 4, minus some modifications made in other programs.fig_4_script_Amnat.RAnalytic coexistence analysisThis code runs the simulation to create the data underlying figure B8.invasionanalyticalamnat.R