cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.94
title: STUDY OF REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE (PS) IN STRUCTURAL LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE

description: The search for more efficient concrete structures requires use of new materials in the developed of new concretes. With this objective, it was proposed in this study the substitution of Part of the medium sand of the lightweight structural concrete for expanded polystyrene (PS). It was replaced 5%, 10% and 20% of the sand to observe the changes in compressive strength, flowability, absorption, density and modulus of elasticity of these concretes. The results of the study show that there was an increase in the absorption and loss in the compressive strength and modulus of elasticity. Also, there was a significant increase in the flowability and reduction in the density of these concretes. Even with the replacement of part of the medium sand by expanded polystyrene, the concretes developed were classified as lightweight structural concretes, showing the applicability of this substitution in concrete designs.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.95
title: EVALUATE OF CRYSTALLIZATION WATERPROOFING ADMIXTURE ON PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

description: The search of reduction of the permeability of concrete structures, and consequently, increase the durability of the structural elements has led to develop new products for this purpose. One of the options is the use of crystalline waterproofing admixture (CWA). This research evaluated the influence of the use of crystallization admixture for waterproofing on the Portland cement concrete porosity. The Water absorption and compressive strength of concretes with crystalline waterproofing admixture at the dosage recommended by the supplier were evaluated and the results were compared with regular concrete, without addition of admixture. The results show a reduction of porosity with reduction of absorption from 3,30% to 0,32% at 56 days of age after specimens molding. A reduction of compressive strength by 7.89% in concrete with admixture was also observed.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.96
title: Thermal resistance of Alkali Activated Slag Concrete

description: This study investigated the thermal resistance of Alkali Activated Slag (AAS) concrete. Alkali Activated Slag cement is an environmentally friendly alternative to Portland cement, which can be produced by using an alkaline solution to activate the binding effect of the blast furnace slag. Heat from fire changes the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. Given the decisive role of thermal resistance in the operation and performance of structures, it is necessary to evaluate the effect of heat on the performance of AAS concrete. In this study a series of tests were arranged to examine the effect of slag percentage on thermal resistance of AAS concrete. AAS concrete samples from mixes, with different slag percentage, were subjected to 20, 200, 400, 600 and 800 Celsius degree temperature and change in their compressive strength were measured and compared with that of samples made by ordinary Portland cement concrete. The results show that the thermal resistance of AAS concrete is higher than ordinary concrete.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.97
title: COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE MIXED WITH VARIOUS POWDER AS ALTERNATIVE CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS

description: Mineral admixtures are often mixed in concrete as an alternative cementitious material. The use of powder materials indirectly contributes to mitigation of environmental impact caused from Portland cement production which is a major source of CO2 emission. Furthermore, some of powder can improve properties of fresh and hardened concretes. A huge number of reports examining effects of admixture have been published in the world. However, it is not easy to compare the effect of admixture under a certain test condition. The present study aims to examining strength properties of concrete incorporating various admixtures. All admixtures tested herein were mixed in concrete as an alternative cementitious material, and the cement replacement ratios were in the range of 0.2 to 0.6. The tested powder materials are fly-ash, blast furnace slag powder, silica-fume, limestone powder, and inorganic admixture which was recently developed to increase chloride resistance. The focus of the study is to quantify the effect of these admixture on concrete strength. The paper reports compressive, split tensile and flexural strengths of these concretes, and discusses the effect of powder materials.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.98
title: Effect of curing temperature on the properties of 100% clay-based geopolymer concrete

description: Substantial researches have already been carried out on alkali-activated binders for the production of geopolymer concrete but studies on clay based geopolymer concrete is still insufficient. The aim of this paper is to identify the effect of curing temperature on the properties of 100 % clay based geopolymer concrete. Clay pre-treated at 800C and 1200C for 24 hours were selected as the source binder material. Four Activator Modulus (AM); 1.0, 1.25, 1.5 and 1.75 for each of two Sodium Oxide (Na2O) dosages of 10% and 15% were selected as the activator material for this investigation. X-ray diffraction (XRF) was applied to characterize the clay material. Specimens were cured at 800C and 1200C for 24 hours. Specimens were tested under compression at 7, 14, 28 and 40 days. Specimens cured at 800C took a longer duration (&gt;28 days) to achieve structural integrity while the specimens cured at 1200C achieved structural intigrity within 7 days. Compressive strength of specimens prepared with AM of 1 for both of the Na2O dosage of 10% and 15% exhibited superior performance to other AMs investigated.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.99
title: Bond and Flextural Behavior of Self Consolidating Concrete Beams Reinforced with FRP Bars

description: Self consolidating concrete (SCC) is widely used in the construction industry. SCC is a high performance concrete with high workability and consistency allowing it to flow under its own weight without vibration. In spite of the wide spread of SCC applications, bond behavior of FRP bars embedded in SCC beams has not been fully studied. This paper presents an experimental and analytical analysis of fifteen beams reinforced with GFRP bars. The test parameters were the concrete type, bar diameter, concrete cover thickness and embedment length. All beams were tested in four-point bending to failure. The average bond stresses of GFRP bars in SCC were found comparable to those in NVC. However, FRP bars embedded in SCC beams had higher bond stresses within uncracked region of the beams than those embedded in NVC beams. In contrast, GFRP bars in SCC had lower bond stresses than FRP bars in NVC within the cracked region. Results indicated that when cover concrete thickness dropped less than 2 db, the splitting bond failure is predominant.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.100
title: THE REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM DEFLECTION AND CRACKING BEHAVIOR WITH ADDITIONAL FIBER STEEL

description: The classic theory mentions that the assessment of deflection and crack width should be taken to minimize those two behaviors. This research itself has the objective to examine whether the additional fiber steel and increased reinforcement ratio has any significant impact on the deflection and existing crack width. This test used the reinforced concrete beams with a size of 15 cm x 25 cm x 180 cm which placed on a simple pedestal. The test was done gradually in every 108 kg until the reinforced yield reached. The fiber increased from 0%, 1.57%, 3.14% and 4.71% while the performance rebar ratio increased from 2 # 10, 2 # 12 and 2 # 14. The result shows that additional 4.71% of maximum fiber decrease compressive strength and rupture modulus while the tensile strength increased. The additional fiber reached a maximum in 4.71% and the additional diameter of 10 mm, 12 mm, and 14 mm increased the deflections and crack width.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.101
title: Multi-Functional Cementitious Composites with Sensing and Healing Capabilities

description: For smart concretes to be developed, it must be gathering high mechanical and durability properties, in addition to satisfying special characteristics such as self-monitoring of damage. This study outlines attempts to develop advanced Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) with combined self-sensing and self-healing capabilities. The aim is to maintain or improve the high mechanical and ductility properties of ECC, while enhancing the self-monitoring and self-healing capabilities. To assure the self-sensing functionality, carbon-based materials with different volumes were incorporated in ECC formulations. The self-healing rates of control and piezoresistive ECC
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.102
title: Study on detection method of defects in cover concrete using electrical resistivity measurements

description: This study reports on a fundamental study on the investigation of electrical resistivity measurements for detecting internal defects or damages, which aims at developing Electrical Resistance Tomography (hereafter called ERT) techniques based on electrical resistivity distribution measured via Wenner method. In particular, this study examined the changes of resistivity upon the presence of damages in the bottom of concrete specimens which mirror internal cracking not visually observed on the concrete surface in typical reinforced concrete structure. For the experimental investigation, ten electrodes comprising stainless steel and electric conductive epoxy were partially embedded on the surface of prism concrete specimen. Then, electrical resistivity was measured via Wenner method using four electrodes selected among the ten electrodes placed 20 mm apart each other. In addition, analytical investigation simulating the influence of internal damages on current flow and measured voltage or potential was carried out by FEM analysis. As a result, electrical resistivity increased depending on the depth of slits with 1 mm width which was sawed at the bottom of the specimen. This could be attributed to the influence of the damages on the current flow and equipotential planes, thus suggesting that there is a good possibility that internal damages can be detected based on the changes and the distributions of the electrical resistivity.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.103
title: CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRESH MIXTURE OF A NOVEL CEMENT-LESS WASTEPAPER-BASED LIGHTWEIGHT BLOCK (CWLB) AND IT

description: Cement-Less Wastepaper-based Lightweight Block (CWLB) is an eco-friendly lightweight non-loadbearing block newly developed from majorly waste materials. As part of efforts to enable the understanding of its mixture proportioning and production processes, this study presents the characteristics of its fresh mixture and its peculiar molding process. The fresh mix characteristics studied include; the texture, density, elastic modulus, percentage void/porosity and the peculiar molding process. The laboratory experimentation conducted covers; the preparation of the CWLB mix (from mixture of wastepaper aggregate (WPA), sand, waste additive natural admixture and water), determination of physical and deformation properties of the mix and the molding of CWLB specimen. It was found that, for the mixes tested, the fresh mixture of CWLB is fibrous in texture, voluminous in nature and exhibits an average loose bulk density of 305.3kg/m3. Also, average compacted bulk density of 857.6 kg/m3 and 792.38 kg/m3, elastic modulus of 30.28MPa and 28.38MPa and percentage void of 77% and 78% (i.e. porosity of 0.77 and 0.76) were recorded for mixes containing 52% and 36% sand content (measure by weight of WPA) respectively. The molding procedure for CWLB was thus found to be slightly different from those available for conventional masonry blocks in terms of relationship between the mold size, mixture quantity and resulting specimen size. These findings therefore indicate the peculiarity of the physical and deformation properties of the fresh mixture of CWLB and the importance of awareness and understanding of same for efficient production of CWLB.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.104
title: PUNCH TEST FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF FRACTURE ENERGY ON CONCRETE MIXED TO NATURAL PLANT FIBERS

description: Ductility of a material that collapses because of the propagation of cracks depends on elastic properties of the material, on the fracture energy as well as on the structural dimensions. In this paper we discuss the use of the punch tests for the assessment of both the tensile strength and the fracture energy of cylindrical concrete specimens with different volume content of natural fibers derived from a very common plant of Sicily (agave). For the validation of the experimental results a numerical simulation of the test was also carried out a FEA using models in which tensile strength and fracture energy value, obtained by punch test, are an input of the material so that the failure load P can be obtained. A good accordance between numerical and experimental data permits us to support the use of the Punch Test (PT) as a more attractive testing method for the evaluation of the mechanical proprieties of the materials. PT, in fact, is much simpler to perform than the split cylinder test method. Besides, the study shows the improvement of the post cracking behavior of concrete element reinforced by the use of natural and renewable fiber.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.105
title: Experimental Study on Concrete Permeability Affected by Environmental Vibration

description: Based on the field measurement and combined with relevant references, the different sinusoidal vibration parameters (5Hz/4mm and 20Hz/2mm) are selected and applied to new constructed concrete by vertical vibrating table and AC impedance technique. The concrete permeability is discussed, and the influences of some factors including different vibration time (before initial curdle, between initial curdle and finial curdle, after finial curdle), different vibration energy. From the experiment results, the following conclusions can be concluded. No matter whether the concrete vibrated or not, the uniformity inside the concrete along the direction of concrete pouring is shown that the upper and lower part of concrete is more discrete. The permeability on the both end of concrete is larger than the middle. The new constructed concrete permeability is increased when the vibration energy is lower, and decreased when the vibration energy is higher, and the new constructed concrete permeability affected by environment vibration obviously before initial curdle time.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.106
title: Application of innovative materials in precast concrete structures

description: Construction industry contributes essentially to Germany
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.107
title: Self-healing Concrete Using Fly Ash

description: It has been recognized that concrete deterioration is accelerated by growth of the fine cracks which was induced by dry shrinkage and/or freezing damage. Research of the concrete which carries out self-healing of these fine cracks has been abundantly expected. To confirm the ability of fly ash on self-healing, we conducted fundamental test of mortar using fly ash (replacement ratio 20%) which was deteriorated by accelerated freeze-thaw cycle until the relative dynamic modulus of elasticity reduced to 80% and 60%. The mortar specimens were then cured in water at 40
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.108
title: Theoretical approach to determination of acoustic properties of building materials

description: The presence of high level of acoustic load especially in urban areas is becoming a serious problem in the present. In order to protect people against adverse effects of audio noise on health and personal well-being in buildings located in such areas, convenient construction materials with sophisticated geometric arrangement should be used. Bearing structures of new houses in the Czech Republic are widely made of different types of brick blocks. Such brick blocks consist of solid matrix and cavities designed in an optimized geometrical way in order to assure better thermal and hygric properties. Previous studies dealing both with acoustic properties in an empirical way and with the theoretical aspects of acoustic attenuation in building materials were not very numerous. Nevertheless, they gain constantly in importance with increasing acoustic load of the buildings surroundings. In this paper, a theoretical approach for the determination of acoustic properties which is convenient for the description of sound waves propagation in building materials is introduced.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.109
title: COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH FOR ESTIMATING HYGRIC PROPERTIES OF HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS IN LONG-TERM ASSESSMENT OF MOISTURE-INDUCED DAMAGE

description: Long-term assessment of degradation processes is a very useful tool for an analysis of building materials performance. Since computational techniques are mostly used for this purpose, hygric properties of involved materials are required as substantial input data. Unfortunately, some construction details or heterogeneous materials have to be solved by means of multi-dimensional modelling which is demanding on computing power and thus the calculations may take a lot of time. The presented paper aims at determination of effective hygric properties of heterogeneous materials which would allow one-dimensional transformation. The parameter identification process is carried out on the basis of results of multi-dimensional modeling, using genetic algorithms. The main objective is to find such effective global moisture transport and accumulation functions that provide in one-dimensional modeling as similar results to multi-dimensional modeling as possible. The obtained functions give a very good agreement; the investigated relative humidity profiles differ only by 1.48 percentage points in average. The correctness of obtained results is also verified using the Lichtenecker
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.110
title: YIELD STRESS BASED ON NATURAL STRAIN THEORY UNDER CYCLIC TENSILE-COMPRESSIVE LOADING AFTER LARGE UNIAXIAL TENSION

description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the yield behavior under a large deformation based on the Natural Strain theory. There has been a lot of research on the yielding behavior under cyclic loads. However, many of these researches have been done within the range of the infinitesimal deformation. Therefore, the detailed studies concerning the yield behavior under cyclic loads after applying a large pre-deformation have not been fully elucidated. In this study, using the test pieces made from high purity tough pitch copper, the experiments for cyclic loading of tension and compression are carried out after applying the large uniaxial tension. As a method for determining the yield stress in each cycle, the slope of the tangent at yielding in the deviatoric stress- deviatoric strain curve is used instead of the conventional proof stress. In order to reveal the change of yield stress in cyclic loads after applying large pre-deformations, the experiments are conducted with the different sizes of pre-deformation and the different strain amplitudes. Moreover, the yield behavior under cyclic loads is revealed by comparing with the results from conventional proof stress.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.111
title: STUDY ON FAILURE MODE OF HUSK MORTAR ENERGY-SAVING WALLBOARDS

description: This paper focuses on husk mortar wallboard, which is a new type of energy-saving composite wallboard with new materials and complex working mechanism. There are totally eight different dimensions panels tested. Six ones of them are opening (window or door), with different opening rates; the other two are full panels with the same dimension. Based on the experimental data, they are analyzed under both horizontal and vertical direction loading, combined with the finite element analysis to reveal the working characteristics. The finite element model of husk mortar energy-saving wallboards is established by ANSYS software. At last the finite element results are compared with the experimental results from three aspects: ultimate load, failure mode and load displacement curve, which all verifies the correctness of the finite element model.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.112
title: Characteristics of Fundamental Diagrams Due to Shockwave by Non-lane Based Heterogeneous Traffic

description: If the global context of traffic flow researches are highlighted, it is observed that many researches have already been conducted with the Fundamental Diagrams of traffic flow for lane based homogeneous traffic. Studies related to propagation of shockwaves are being conducted as well. But for developing countries such as Bangladesh, it is predominant that non-lane based heterogeneous traffic exists in most of the roads. Firstly there is scarcely any lane concept among the drivers at all. Moreover frequent lane changing is a common phenomenon. For these reasons, responses of Fundamental Diagrams' shape are quite distinctive from already established shapes. Thus the main concern is to trace the deviation of the prevailing traffic flow parameters of traffic flow from those established equations. Video footage has been taken of roadway section marked suitably for measurement. Shockwaves due to lane changing for non-lane based and heterogeneous synchronized traffic flow has been accomplished and modelled using R and MATLAB analysis for a highway of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. After modeling the calibration and validation are done accordingly to distinguish the variation from ideal models and to verify that the study outcomes converge as well. It has been detected that shockwave induces significant decrement in flow and speed in case of specified traffic condition.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.113
title: PREDICTING PERFORMANCE IN DESIGN-BID-BUILD PROJECTS

description: Design-bid-build (DBB) is the most common delivery method for public and private construction projects in Spain, and is also widely used in the United States (U.S.). While the execution of DBB projects in Spain and the U.S. is similar in many ways, owners in Spain approach the procurement of the general contractor and subcontractors differently. There is a greater emphasis on selecting firms that provide the
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.114
title: An Exploration of Team Integration and Group Cohesion in Design-Bid-Build Projects between the US and Spain

description: A recent large sample study of project delivery in the United States (U.S.) concluded that more integrated teams led both directly and indirectly to more successful construction projects. Concurrent with this U.S. study, construction projects in Spain were surveyed using the same data collection questionnaire. While the sample size of participating projects in Spain was not as large as the U.S. and targeted only design-bid-build (DBB) deliveries, there were notable differences in the levels of team integration between the two data sets. Comparable DBB projects in Spain had significantly fewer team members participating in high-quality, multidisciplinary interactions than their U.S. counterparts. However, they relied on greater use of qualifications and experience in selection. DBB projects from the U.S. and Spain data sets are compared, with respect to their use, and proportion, of the team participating in: design charrettes, joint goal-setting, building information modeling (BIM) and construction phase co-location. To further explore these differences, we also examine how DBB delivery is implemented in the U.S. and Spain. While it was discovered that Spanish DBB projects did use some tools to increase team integration, the findings of this comparison suggest that the Spanish industry could improve team integration by: (1) incorporating earlier construction team involvement; (2) promoting cost transparency with open book construction contracts that transition to a lump sum near the completion of the project, and (3) encouraging the designer and contractors to use BIM throughout the project.