cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jd6875k
title: Data from: When is an herbivore not an herbivore? Detritivory facilitates herbivory in a freshwater system

description: 1. Herbivory is thought to be an inefficient diet, but it independently
 evolved from carnivorous ancestors in many metazoan groups, suggesting
 that plant-eating is adaptive in some circumstances. In this study, we
 tested two hypotheses to explain the adaptive evolution of herbivory: 1)
 the Heterotroph Facilitation hypothesis (herbivory is adaptive because
 herbivores supplement their diets with heterotrophic microbes); and 2) the
 Lipid Allocation hypothesis (herbivory is adaptive because algae, which
 have high lipid concentrations, are nutritionally similar to carnivory).
 2. We tested these hypotheses using enclosure cages placed in the
 Everglades and stocked with Sailfin Mollies (Poecilia latipinna), a native
 herbivore. Using shading and phosphorus addition (P), we manipulated the
 heterotrophic microbe and lipid composition of colonizing epiphyton and
 examined the effects of varying food quality on Sailfin Molly life
 history. 3. Epiphyton grown in ‘shade only’ conditions had a 55% increase
 in bacterial fatty acids and 34% lower ratios of saturated +
 monounsaturated to polyunsaturated fatty acids relative to the other
 treatments. Biovolume of heterotrophic microbes varied throughout the
 experiment, with a 697% increase at 3 weeks and 98% decrease at 6 weeks
 compared to the other treatments. Gut contents revealed that fish fed
 selectively on epiphyton to compensate for apparent deficiencies in the
 available food. 4. Fish raised in ‘shade only’ cages experienced the
 highest survival, which was best explained by autotrophic abundance and
 algal- and bacterial-derived fatty acids at 3 weeks (2-6x more likely than
 alternative models with ∆AICc &gt; 2.00), and by percentage of
 bacterial fatty acids in the diet at 6 weeks (3-8x more likely than
 alternative models with ∆AICc &gt; 2.00). There were no differences in
 fish growth among treatments. 5. Autotrophic lipids play a role in early
 fish life history, but we did not find these to be the best...
description: DryadData_Sanchez and
 Trexler 2018Nutritional data for
 epiphyton, periphyton and fish tissues. Also includes fish growth and
 survival estimates.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vk966
title: Data from: Genetic basis in motor skill and hand preference for tool use in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)

description: Chimpanzees are well known for their tool using abilities. Numerous
 studies have documented variability in tool use among chimpanzees and the
 role that social learning and other factors play in their development.
 There are also findings on hand use in both captive and wild chimpanzees;
 however, less understood are the potential roles of genetic and
 non-genetic mechanisms in determining individual differences in tool use
 skill and laterality. Here, we examined heritability in tool use skill and
 handedness for a probing task in a sample of 243 captive chimpanzees.
 Quantitative genetic analysis, based on the extant pedigrees, showed that
 overall both tool use skill and handedness were significantly heritable.
 Significant heritability in motor skill was evident in two genetically
 distinct populations of apes, and between two cohorts that received
 different early social rearing experiences. We further found that motor
 skill decreased with age and that males were more commonly left-handed
 than females. Collectively, these data suggest that though non-genetic
 factors do influence tool use performance and handedness in chimpanzees,
 genetic factors also play a significant role, as has been reported in
 humans.
description: Pedigree
 fileThis is the pedigree
 file and contains the subject, sire and dam
 information.fullpedx2.csvBehavioral Data and Subject InformationThis file contains the handedness and tool use performance data as well as information on the subject ID, sex, rearing history and colony membership.Heritability_Tool_USE_PRS.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8991
title: Data from: Relatedness and demography of African forest elephants: inferences from noninvasive fecal DNA analyses

description: African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) are genetically and
 morphologically distinct from their savannah counterparts, but their
 biology remains poorly understood. In this study, I use noninvasive fecal
 DNA analyses to examine the relatedness structure and historical
 demography of forest elephants at two sites in SW Gabon, central Africa.
 Pairwise relatedness values calculated between 162 elephant individuals
 genotyped at eight microsatellite loci were significantly higher within
 spatially associated dung piles than between random pairings for one site.
 First- and second-order relatives were most commonly detected among dung
 piles from adult female pairs and adult females and juveniles. Pairwise
 relatedness estimates suggested that, like savannah elephants, forest
 groups are largely composed of adult females, their sisters, and juvenile
 offspring. Associations between males, and groups containing juveniles
 from multiple related females, were detected but at much lower frequency.
 Analysis of mitochondrial d-loop sequences from 70 elephant individuals
 identified two haplogroups in SW Gabon.
description: MunshiSouth.Loxodonta.cyclotis.genotypesGENEPOP file containing unique eight-locus microsatellite genotypes identified for 162 forest elephant individuals in SW Gabon, central Africa. Genotypes were generated from fecal DNA collected from dung piles at two locations in the wild (the Industrial Corridor of the Gamba Complex of Protected Areas; sample names begin with 'R' or 'T'; and Loango National Park; sample names begin with 'L').
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1758
title: Data from: Egg size and offspring performance in the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis): a within-clutch approach

description: Adaptive within-clutch allocation of resources by laying females is an
 important focus of evolutionary studies. However, the critical assumption
 of these studies, namely that within-clutch egg-size deviations affect
 offspring performance, has been properly tested only rarely. In this
 study, we investigated effects of within-clutch deviations in egg size on
 nestling survival, weight, fledgling condition, structural size and
 offspring recruitment to the breeding population in the collared
 flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis). Besides egg-size effects, we also
 followed effects of hatching asynchrony, laying sequence, offspring sex
 and paternity. There was no influence of egg size on nestling survival,
 tarsus length, condition or recruitment. Initially significant effect on
 nestling mass disappeared as nestlings approached fledging. Thus, there
 seems to be limited potential for a laying female to exploit within-clutch
 egg-size variation adaptively in the collared flycatcher, which agrees
 with the majority of earlier studies on other bird species. Instead, we
 suggest that within-clutch egg-size variation originates from the effects
 of proximate constraints on laying females. If true, adaptive explanations
 for within-clutch patterns in egg size should be invoked with caution.
description: dataset.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t0680db
title: Data from: The role of familiarity in signaler-receiver interactions

description: [No abstract filled]
description: Code - Chance
 calculationgetchance.mCode - Choices over days calculationgetchoices_overdays.mCode - Choices per day calculationgetchoices_perday.mCode - Decision Learnergetdecision_learner.mCode - Decision nonlearnergetdecision_nonlearner.mCode - measurementsgetmeasurements.mCode - parametersgetparameters.mCode - paternitygetpaternity.mMaster CodeMASTER.mCode - Plot figureplotFigure1.mCode - resultsplotresults.mCode - simulatesimulate.mREAD ME
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nh773s0
title: Data from: Recent grazing reduces reptile richness but historic grazing filters reptiles based on their functional traits

description: 1. Grazing by mammalian herbivores can alter vegetation structure and
 composition. It can therefore affect critical habitat features used by
 native wildlife for shelter, feeding and breeding. This can have variable
 effects, which advantage or disadvantage particular species, depending on
 habitat requirements. 2. We tested the relative effects of recent and
 historic livestock grazing and recent rabbit and kangaroo grazing on all
 reptiles, and on specific groups of reptiles based on three functional
 traits: habitat preference (semi-arboreal, terrestrial, fossorial),
 activity pattern (diurnal, nocturnal) and primary foraging habitat (tree,
 litter, open). 3. We used structural equation modelling to assess the
 direct and indirect impacts of mammalian herbivores (livestock, and
 free-ranging kangaroos and rabbits) on reptile richness at 108 semi-arid
 woodland sites in eastern Australia. We used a trait-based approach to
 classify reptiles according to their: (1) habitat preference, (2) activity
 pattern and, (3) foraging preference. 4. We recorded 42 reptile species
 from 1736 specimens caught over 13,824 trap nights. Sites grazed by
 rabbits were associated with greater richness of semi-arboreal species.
 Kangaroo grazing had virtually no effects on total richness or richness
 within trait groups. The effects of recent and historic livestock grazing
 differed among reptile trait groups. Increasing intensity of recent
 livestock grazing reduced the richness of most reptile groups directly,
 and indirectly suppressed the positive effect of native plant richness on
 reptile richness. The effects of historic livestock grazing, however,
 filtered reptiles based on their traits, reducing the richness of
 tree-shrub foraging reptiles only. Increasing woody cover had direct
 suppressive effects on all reptiles, but particularly open foragers and
 terrestrial species. Overall, the effects of recent livestock grazing were
 stronger than those of plant richness or woody cover. 5. Synthesis and
 applications. We therefore demonstrate how grazing by all herbivores, both
 domestic and free-ranging, needs to be managed according to seasonal
 conditions in order to meet the conservation needs of semi-arid reptiles
 within landscapes dominated by livestock .
description: reptile
 DDRGrazing intensity and
 reptile trait group richness
DOI: 10.57967/hf/7654
title: infosec-tool-output
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6537t
title: Data from: Analysis of early postoperative pain in the first and second knee in staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective controlled study

description: Objective: A retrospective analysis of early postoperative pain in the
 first and second knee in staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to
 provide a clinical evidence for the change of analgesic strategy. Methods:
 From January 2009 to January 2013, 87 cases which meet the inclusion
 criterion were retrospectively reviewed. In stage TKA, the postoperative
 pain in the first and second knee at 24h, 48h, 72h after operation were
 compared using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score in the rest and
 maximum knee flexion position. The difference in pain scores (ΔVAS) was
 also compared between the second and first knee at different time
 intervals (less than 6 months, 6-12 months, more than 12 months). Results:
 The VAS scores in the second knee were significantly higher than those in
 the first knee at 24h, 48h after surgery, but with no difference at 72h.
 The ΔVAS in the group of less than 6 months was significantly higher than
 of those more than 6 months, and there was no difference in ΔVAS between
 group of 6-12 months and group of more than 12 months. Conclusions:
 Patient receiving staged bilateral TKA experiences greater postoperative
 pain within 48h after operation in the second knee than in the first knee,
 which can provide a clinical evidence to enhance the analgesic strategy in
 the second operation of the staged bilateral TKA. And for the management
 of postoperative pain in staged bilateral TKA, it’s better to recommend
 that the interval between two operations should be more than 6 months,
 which may reduce the postoperative pain in the second knee, improve
 patient satisfaction, and speed up patient‘s rehabilitation process.
description: Table
 S1Patient
 informationS1_Table Patient
 information.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mm2t9
title: Data from: Dissolved organic carbon modulates mercury concentrations in insect subsidies from streams to terrestrial consumers

description: Mercury (Hg) concentrations in aquatic environments have increased
 globally, exposing consumers of aquatic organisms to high Hg levels. For
 both aquatic and terrestrial consumers, exposure to Hg depends on their
 food sources as well as environmental factors influencing Hg
 bioavailability. The majority of the research on the transfer of
 methylmercury (MeHg), a toxic and bioaccumulating form of Hg, between
 aquatic and terrestrial food webs has focused on terrestrial piscivores.
 However, a gap exists in our understanding of the factors regulating MeHg
 bioaccumulation by non-piscivorous terrestrial predators, specifically
 consumers of adult aquatic insects. Because dissolved organic carbon (DOC)
 binds tightly to MeHg, affecting its transport and availability in aquatic
 food webs, we hypothesized that DOC affects MeHg transfer from stream food
 webs to terrestrial predators feeding on emerging adult insects. We tested
 this hypothesis by collecting data over two years from 10 low-order
 streams spanning a broad DOC gradient in the Lake Sunapee watershed in New
 Hampshire. We found that streamwater MeHg concentration increased linearly
 with DOC concentration. However, streams with the highest DOC
 concentrations had emerging stream prey and spiders with lower MeHg
 concentrations than streams with intermediate DOC concentrations; a
 pattern that is similar to fish and larval aquatic insects. Furthermore,
 high MeHg concentrations found in spiders show that MeHg transfer in adult
 aquatic insects is an overlooked but potentially significant pathway of
 MeHg bioaccumulation in terrestrial food webs. Our results suggest that
 although MeHg in water increases with DOC, MeHg concentrations in stream
 and terrestrial consumers did not consistently increase with increases in
 streamwater MeHg concentrations. In fact, there was a change from a
 positive to a negative relationship between aqueous exposure and
 bioaccumulation at streamwater MeHg concentrations associated with DOC
 above around 5 mg/L. Thus, our study highlights the importance of stream
 DOC for MeHg dynamics beyond stream boundaries, and shows that factors
 modulating MeHg bioavailability in aquatic systems can affect the transfer
 of MeHg to terrestrial predators via aquatic subsidies.
description: Chaves-Ulloa et
 al._Ecol. Appl._5.12.2016Data associated with:
 Ecological Applications  Published by: Wiley  Article ID: EAP 1332
 Authors: Chaves-Ulloa, R., Brad W. Taylor, Hannah J. Broadley, Kathryn L.
 Cottingham, Nicholas A. Baer, Kathleen C. Weathers, Holly A. Ewing, and
 Celia Y. Chen Title: DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON MODULATES MERCURY
 CONCENTRATIONS IN INSECT SUBSIDIES FROM STREAMS TO TERRESTRIAL CONSUMERS,
 *Please see Metadata tab in the excel document for further
 details
DOI: 10.15468/dl.uaeh5h
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 186 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Continent is Asia",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "IucnRedListCategory is VU",
 "TaxonKey is Taiwania cryptomerioides",
 "Year 2001-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 186 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001256-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.35g4j2q
title: Data from: Insulin signaling’s role in mediating tissue-specific nutritional plasticity and robustness in the horn-polyphenic beetle Onthophagus taurus

description: Organisms cope with nutritional variation via developmental plasticity,
 adjusting trait size to nutrient availability for some traits while
 enabling others to develop in a nutritionally robust manner. Yet, the
 developmental mechanisms that regulate organ-specific growth across
 nutritional gradients remain poorly understood. We assessed the functions
 of members of the insulin/insulin-like signaling pathway (IIS) in the
 regulation of nutrition sensitivity and robustness in males of the
 horn-polyphenic beetle Onthophagus taurus, as well as potential regulatory
 interactions between IIS and two other growth-regulating pathways:
 Doublesex and Hedgehog signaling. Using RNA interference (RNAi) we
 experimentally knocked down both insulin receptors (InR1, InR2) and Foxo,
 a growth inhibitor. We then performed morphometric measurements on horns,
 a highly nutrition-sensitive trait, and genitalia, a largely
 nutrition-insensitive trait. Finally, we used qRT-PCR to assess expression
 levels of Doublesex and the Hedgehog-signaling gene smoothened following
 IIS-RNAi. Our results suggest that nutrition responsiveness of both traits
 is regulated by different IIS components, which transduce nutritional
 conditions to both Doublesex and Hedgehog pathways, albeit via different
 IIS pathway members. Combined with previous studies our findings suggest
 that separate origins of trait exaggeration among insect lineages were
 enabled through the independent cooption of IIS, yet via reliance on
 different components therein.
description: Horn measurements-all
 treatmentsMeasurements for horn
 size- body size allometries for all treatments.Aedeagus measurements-
 all treatmentsMeasurements for the
 aedeagus length- body size allometries for all
 treatments.qPCR
 dataqPCR data for larvae and
 pupae.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h6t7j
title: Data from: Illegal tusk harvest and the decline of tusk size in the African elephant

description: Harvesting of wild populations can cause the evolution of morphological,
 behavioral, and life history traits that may compromise natural or sexual
 selection. Despite the vulnerability of large mammals to rapid population
 decline from harvesting, the evolutionary effects of harvesting on
 mega-fauna have received limited attention. In elephants, illegal ivory
 harvesting disproportionately affects older age classes and males because
 they carry large tusks, but its' effects on tusk size for age or tusk
 size for stature are less understood. We tested whether severe historical
 elephant harvests eliminated large tuskers among survivors and whether
 elephants born thereafter had smaller tusks. Adjusting for the influence
 of shoulder height – a metric strongly correlated with body size and age
 and often used as a proxy for age – we compared tusk size for elephants
 sampled in 1966–1968, prior to severe ivory harvesting in the late 1970s
 and early 1980s, with tusk size of survivors and elephants born during
 population recovery in the mid-1990s. In a regional population, tusk
 length declined by ˜21% in male and by ˜27% in female elephants born
 during population recovery, while tusk length declined by 22% in males and
 37% in females among survivors. Tusk circumference at lip declined by 5%
 in males but not in females born during population recovery, whereas tusk
 circumference reduced by 8% in male and by 11% in female survivors. In a
 single subpopulation, mean tusk length at mean basal tusk circumference
 declined by 12.4% in males and 21% in females. Tusk size varied between
 elephant social groups. Tusk homogeneity within social groups and the
 often high genetic similarity within social groups suggest that tusk size
 may be heritable. Our findings support a hypothesis of selection of large
 tuskers by poachers as a driver of the decline in tusk size for age proxy
 and contemporary tusk evolution in African elephants.
description: Elephant Morphometrics
 and Tusk SizeEach row represent an
 individual elephant (no repeated measurements) with a sigle measurement
 each of shoulder height, total tusk length, tusk circumference at lip, age
 in years, and sampling period lumped into 2 categories. The column titles
 are clear and a detailed description can be found in the methods section
 of the manuscript
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q7k33
title: Data from: Up and down the blind alley: population divergence with scant gene flow in an endangered tropical lineage of Andean palms (Ceroxylon quindiuense clade: Ceroxyloideae)

description: [No abstract entered]
description: Allele_scores_Ceroxylon_quindiuense_complexThese are allele scores (diploid) for populations studied in cited articlegenepop_Cquindicomplex2.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pb2rp
title: Data from: Fitness in invasive social wasps: the role of variation in viral load, immune response and paternity in predicting nest size and reproductive output

description: Within any one habitat, the relative fitness of organisms in a population
 can vary substantially. Social insects like the common wasp are among the
 most successful invasive animals, but show enormous variation in nest size
 and other fitness-related traits. Some of this variation may be caused by
 pathogens such as viruses that can have serious consequences in social
 insects, which range from reduced productivity to colony death. Both
 individual immune responses and colony-level traits such as genetic
 diversity are likely to influence effects of pathogen infections on colony
 fitness. Here we investigate how infections with Kashmir Bee Virus (KBV),
 immune response and intracolony genetic diversity (due to queen polyandry)
 affect nest size in the invasive common wasp, Vespula vulgaris. We show
 that KBV is highly prevalent in wasps and expression of antiviral immune
 genes is significantly increased with higher viral loads across
 individuals. Patriline membership within a nest did not influence KBV
 susceptibility or immune response. A permutational MANCOVA revealed that
 polyandry, viral load, and expression of the immune gene Dicer were
 significant predictors of variation in nest size. High intracolony genetic
 diversity due to polyandry has previously been hypothesized to improve
 colony-level resistance to parasites and pathogens. Consistent with this
 hypothesis, we observed genetically diverse colonies to be significantly
 larger and to produce more queens, although this effect was not driven by
 the pathogen we investigated. Invasive wasps clearly suffer from pathogens
 and expend resources, as indicated here by elevated immune gene
 expression, toward reducing pathogen-impact on colony fitness.
description: dryad
 dataThis spreadsheet
 contains the combined data gathered from individual Vespula vulgaris
 workers. Nestcode: nests ordered by size from A to F; FatherID, MotherID:
 codes for a workers father and mother; cqpros, cqeif, cqdicer, cqkiller,
 cqkbv: Cq (gene expression) values of Eif3-S8, Pros54, Dicer, Superkiller,
 and the virus Kashmir Bee Virus (KBV), mean cqref: mean of cqpros and
 cqeif; dcqdicer, dcqkiller, dcqkbv: delta cq values relative to reference
 gene expression (mean cqref); nest area, worker area, queen area: area of
 all, worker or queen cells respectively; total cell, worker cell, queen
 cell: calculated number of cells in respective areas; k: number of
 fathers; ke3: effective paternity; ped_R: pedigree
 relatedness.