cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9927476
title: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM Commiphora leptophloeos (MART.) J. B. GILLETT AGAINST Staphylococcus SPP. ISOLATED FROM CASES OF MASTITIS IN RUMINANTS

description: Abstract Considering the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants as alternatives to antibiotic therapy, the research aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Commiphora leptophloeos against isolates of Staphylococcus spp. from the milk of ruminants with subclinical mastitis. For this, the crude ethanolic extract from the bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos was prepared, with these being chemically characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS and by MALDI-TOF. The extracts were then evaluated as to their antimicrobial effects against 60 isolates of Staphylococcus spp. through the broth microdilution technique to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration. In addition, the extracts were evaluated as to their ability to interfere with biofilm formation and with the already established biofilm. Although all tested extracts showed antimicrobial action, lower MBC values were recorded for the bark extract in the concentration 781.2 µg/mL (25/60). The extracts of the bark and leaves were able to interfere with the initial stages of biofilm formation, but there was no interference of the extract on the established biofilm. There was a high sensitivity of Staphylococcus spp. isolates from subclinical mastitis cases in ruminants when subjected to the extracts from bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos, as well as regarding the ability of extracts to interfere in biofilm formation, indicating their potential in the use for ruminant mastitis therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9927476.v1
title: ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS FROM Commiphora leptophloeos (MART.) J. B. GILLETT AGAINST Staphylococcus SPP. ISOLATED FROM CASES OF MASTITIS IN RUMINANTS

description: Abstract Considering the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants as alternatives to antibiotic therapy, the research aims to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Commiphora leptophloeos against isolates of Staphylococcus spp. from the milk of ruminants with subclinical mastitis. For this, the crude ethanolic extract from the bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos was prepared, with these being chemically characterized by HPLC-DAD-MS and by MALDI-TOF. The extracts were then evaluated as to their antimicrobial effects against 60 isolates of Staphylococcus spp. through the broth microdilution technique to determine the minimum bactericidal concentration. In addition, the extracts were evaluated as to their ability to interfere with biofilm formation and with the already established biofilm. Although all tested extracts showed antimicrobial action, lower MBC values were recorded for the bark extract in the concentration 781.2 µg/mL (25/60). The extracts of the bark and leaves were able to interfere with the initial stages of biofilm formation, but there was no interference of the extract on the established biofilm. There was a high sensitivity of Staphylococcus spp. isolates from subclinical mastitis cases in ruminants when subjected to the extracts from bark and leaves of Commiphora leptophloeos, as well as regarding the ability of extracts to interfere in biofilm formation, indicating their potential in the use for ruminant mastitis therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10073657
title: POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES FOR THE IMMUNODIAGNOSTIC OF BOVINE VIRUSES

description: Abstract The objective of the study was to produce polyclonal antibodies to bovine viruses and to test the reactivity in immunoassays such as immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase and slot blot. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine herpesvirus type 1, 2 and 5 (BoHV-1, BoHV-2 and BoHV-5) blue tongue virus (BTV) and vaccinia virus (VACV) were amplified in cell culture and used to immunize rabbits. Animals were immunized at regular intervals and the hyper immune serum produced was used as primary antibody in the immunoassays. The working dilution for each antiserum was determined by limiting serial dilution and varied from 1: 800 to 1: 51,200. The highest dilutions were observed for immunoperoxidase, when compared with immunofluorescence and slot blot. Dilutions lower than 1:800 were associated with the presence of nonspecific reactions. Anti-BoHV-1, -BoHV-5, -BVDV and -BRSV antisera reacted against heterologous isolates in immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase assays. It is concluded that the produced polyclonal antibodies have high concentrations of virus-specific antibodies and are an alternative for use in immunoassays.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10073657.v1
title: POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES FOR THE IMMUNODIAGNOSTIC OF BOVINE VIRUSES

description: Abstract The objective of the study was to produce polyclonal antibodies to bovine viruses and to test the reactivity in immunoassays such as immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase and slot blot. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine herpesvirus type 1, 2 and 5 (BoHV-1, BoHV-2 and BoHV-5) blue tongue virus (BTV) and vaccinia virus (VACV) were amplified in cell culture and used to immunize rabbits. Animals were immunized at regular intervals and the hyper immune serum produced was used as primary antibody in the immunoassays. The working dilution for each antiserum was determined by limiting serial dilution and varied from 1: 800 to 1: 51,200. The highest dilutions were observed for immunoperoxidase, when compared with immunofluorescence and slot blot. Dilutions lower than 1:800 were associated with the presence of nonspecific reactions. Anti-BoHV-1, -BoHV-5, -BVDV and -BRSV antisera reacted against heterologous isolates in immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase assays. It is concluded that the produced polyclonal antibodies have high concentrations of virus-specific antibodies and are an alternative for use in immunoassays.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10073666
title: A DESCRIPTIVE AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE SKULL OF THE Ramphastos toco (AVES: PICIFORMES)

description: Abstract The study of morphological traits and their biomechanical roles in the cranial structure of birds raises phylogenetic, taxonomic and morphofunctional debates. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze morphological and morphometric data of the skull of Ramphastos toco and to compare the results with the available bibliography. Thirteen adult skulls and one folmaldehyde-fixed dissected specimen were analyzed. For skeletal preparation, the carcasses were submitted to maceration with the removal of soft tissues, degreasing and bleaching in hydrogen peroxide (50%) and sodium hypochlorite (50%). The shape and size of the naso-frontal suture, the presence of the rostral and caudal intracapsular sesamoids in the quadratic joint and the presence of the orbital ligament were altogether elements that challenged the available data. It also challenges the strength transferring models proposed in kinetic studies for the species. The discussion that emerges is the possibility of these limiting characteristics of the cranial kinetics described on the specimens have, together, a single role promoting functional stability to a structure that has a dimensional nature that generates instability. The morphometric results also presented significant divergences when compared to the available bibliography, which may be related to variables such as allopatric speciation, hybridization and sampling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10073666.v1
title: A DESCRIPTIVE AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE SKULL OF THE Ramphastos toco (AVES: PICIFORMES)

description: Abstract The study of morphological traits and their biomechanical roles in the cranial structure of birds raises phylogenetic, taxonomic and morphofunctional debates. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze morphological and morphometric data of the skull of Ramphastos toco and to compare the results with the available bibliography. Thirteen adult skulls and one folmaldehyde-fixed dissected specimen were analyzed. For skeletal preparation, the carcasses were submitted to maceration with the removal of soft tissues, degreasing and bleaching in hydrogen peroxide (50%) and sodium hypochlorite (50%). The shape and size of the naso-frontal suture, the presence of the rostral and caudal intracapsular sesamoids in the quadratic joint and the presence of the orbital ligament were altogether elements that challenged the available data. It also challenges the strength transferring models proposed in kinetic studies for the species. The discussion that emerges is the possibility of these limiting characteristics of the cranial kinetics described on the specimens have, together, a single role promoting functional stability to a structure that has a dimensional nature that generates instability. The morphometric results also presented significant divergences when compared to the available bibliography, which may be related to variables such as allopatric speciation, hybridization and sampling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10073654
title: EMBRYONIC MORTALITY AND BROILER CHICK QUALITY (Gallus gallus) FROM GLASS-SHELLED EGGS

description: Abstract The glass-shelled egg has various points on the surface with light gray coloration, which becomes more visible with the passage of egg storage period. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stage of embryonic mortality, egg weight during the incubation period, hatch window, and quality of chicks at hatch from glass-shelled egg. The research was divided into two parts. In the first part, 80 eggs from 45 weeks old hens were incubated, being half normal eggs and half glass-shelled eggs, while in the second part, 80 eggs from 70 weeks old hens from the same flock as the previous one were incubated. Again, half were normal shelled and half were glass-shelled eggs. No differences were observed for embryonic mortality, egg weight, hatch quality (hatch weight, uniformity, and navel quality), and hatch window between normal and glass-shelled eggs from hens of 45 and 70 weeks of age. However, there was higher contamination in glass-shelled egg from 70-week-old breeder hens. The results show that the presence of glass-shelled egg does not seem to interfere with the quality of the chick at hatch in the breed, ages, and studied conditions, but causes higher contamination in glass-shelled egg from 70-week-old breeder hens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259431
title: IMPLICATIONS OF Erythrina crista-galli EXTRACT AS ANTISIOLYTIC FOR Carassius auratus

description: Abstract Phytotherapy has been used in fish breeding to promote stability in the cultivation environment and in the proflatic management reflecting on animal heath. Erythrina crista-galli has a sedative effect and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, besides functioning as a natural tranquilizer. In the absence of formulations for use in cultivated fish, therapeutic protocols emerge without studies that reveal their characteristics and actions in the animal organism. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of acute exposure of Carassius auratus to Erythrina crista-galli extract evaluating the physiological blood parameters. In the acute tolerance assay of Erythrina crista-galli, specimens of Carassius auratus were used, exposed to control concentrations (zero), 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1, with three replications, for 96 hours. Survival of 100% was observed in all treatments. These results reveal that the extract of Erythrina crista-galli does not present toxicity to this species of fish. The plasmatic electrolytic balance showed no changes. The use of up to 100 mg L-1 did not promote changes in gaseous exchanges. The pH and the concentration of bicarbonate and glucose were increasing until the concentration of 100 mg L-1. It is concluded that the use of Erythrina crista-galli for acute exposure of Carassius auratus does not promote mortality, but causes undesirable alterations in blood physiological parameters when doses above 100 mg L-1 are used.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10073654.v1
title: EMBRYONIC MORTALITY AND BROILER CHICK QUALITY (Gallus gallus) FROM GLASS-SHELLED EGGS

description: Abstract The glass-shelled egg has various points on the surface with light gray coloration, which becomes more visible with the passage of egg storage period. The objective of this work was to evaluate the stage of embryonic mortality, egg weight during the incubation period, hatch window, and quality of chicks at hatch from glass-shelled egg. The research was divided into two parts. In the first part, 80 eggs from 45 weeks old hens were incubated, being half normal eggs and half glass-shelled eggs, while in the second part, 80 eggs from 70 weeks old hens from the same flock as the previous one were incubated. Again, half were normal shelled and half were glass-shelled eggs. No differences were observed for embryonic mortality, egg weight, hatch quality (hatch weight, uniformity, and navel quality), and hatch window between normal and glass-shelled eggs from hens of 45 and 70 weeks of age. However, there was higher contamination in glass-shelled egg from 70-week-old breeder hens. The results show that the presence of glass-shelled egg does not seem to interfere with the quality of the chick at hatch in the breed, ages, and studied conditions, but causes higher contamination in glass-shelled egg from 70-week-old breeder hens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259431.v1
title: IMPLICATIONS OF Erythrina crista-galli EXTRACT AS ANTISIOLYTIC FOR Carassius auratus

description: Abstract Phytotherapy has been used in fish breeding to promote stability in the cultivation environment and in the proflatic management reflecting on animal heath. Erythrina crista-galli has a sedative effect and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity, besides functioning as a natural tranquilizer. In the absence of formulations for use in cultivated fish, therapeutic protocols emerge without studies that reveal their characteristics and actions in the animal organism. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of acute exposure of Carassius auratus to Erythrina crista-galli extract evaluating the physiological blood parameters. In the acute tolerance assay of Erythrina crista-galli, specimens of Carassius auratus were used, exposed to control concentrations (zero), 50, 100 and 200 mg L-1, with three replications, for 96 hours. Survival of 100% was observed in all treatments. These results reveal that the extract of Erythrina crista-galli does not present toxicity to this species of fish. The plasmatic electrolytic balance showed no changes. The use of up to 100 mg L-1 did not promote changes in gaseous exchanges. The pH and the concentration of bicarbonate and glucose were increasing until the concentration of 100 mg L-1. It is concluded that the use of Erythrina crista-galli for acute exposure of Carassius auratus does not promote mortality, but causes undesirable alterations in blood physiological parameters when doses above 100 mg L-1 are used.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259719
title: EFFECT OF A HOMEOPATHIC PRODUCT HomeoAqua Mega 3®ON PERFORMANCE AND LIPID PROFILE OF THE NILE TILAPIA HEAD (Oreochromis niloticus)

description: Abstract Two diets were evaluated, one control (T1), with the addition of 40 ml of hydroalcoholic solution to each kg of feed and other (T2) with 40 ml of the homeopathic product every kg of feed in Nile tilapia. 200 fish were distributed in 10 water tanks, totaling 20 animals in each of the boxes, where they remained for 63 days. During the experiment was carried out monitoring of the physical and chemical parameters of water, animal performance, determine the chemical composition and fatty acid composition in heads of Nile tilapia. there was no significant statistical difference between treatments in relation to physical and chemical water parameters, performance, moisture determination, ash, crude protein, total lipids. The Nile tilapia that received the homeopathic product incorporated in the feed showed the PUFA / SFA ratio higher than the control treatment presented significant difference. The heads of analyzed tilapia are an excellent source of total lipids.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259719.v1
title: EFFECT OF A HOMEOPATHIC PRODUCT HomeoAqua Mega 3®ON PERFORMANCE AND LIPID PROFILE OF THE NILE TILAPIA HEAD (Oreochromis niloticus)

description: Abstract Two diets were evaluated, one control (T1), with the addition of 40 ml of hydroalcoholic solution to each kg of feed and other (T2) with 40 ml of the homeopathic product every kg of feed in Nile tilapia. 200 fish were distributed in 10 water tanks, totaling 20 animals in each of the boxes, where they remained for 63 days. During the experiment was carried out monitoring of the physical and chemical parameters of water, animal performance, determine the chemical composition and fatty acid composition in heads of Nile tilapia. there was no significant statistical difference between treatments in relation to physical and chemical water parameters, performance, moisture determination, ash, crude protein, total lipids. The Nile tilapia that received the homeopathic product incorporated in the feed showed the PUFA / SFA ratio higher than the control treatment presented significant difference. The heads of analyzed tilapia are an excellent source of total lipids.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027192.v1
title: Return on investment of wastewater treatment systems in swine farms

description: Abstract The investments in wastewater treatment of swine systems (WTSS) search on safety, health and fulfillment of the requirements of environmental legislation to investigate to the possibilities of economically exploit properly treated effluent. This study analyzed the return on investment of different WTSS. Was being carried out between the months of October of 2013 to May of 2014. For data collection an electronic questionnaire applied through interviews on 37 farms in the State of São Paulo chosen randomly. To analyze the economic feasibility of different WTSS we used the technique of Capital Budget (PAYBACK and IRR). The farms were divided into four categories: GEEBC-generated electricity, biofertilizer and carbon credits; GEEBI-generated electricity and biofertilizer; GEEEL-generated electricity; NGVAP- no generating value-added products. The best economic result was observed in the category GEEBC with an average Payback time of nine years. It was observed that 73% of respondents do not exploit the economic value of the treated effluent, keeping your investments with a view to contemplate the environmental regulations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027192
title: Return on investment of wastewater treatment systems in swine farms

description: Abstract The investments in wastewater treatment of swine systems (WTSS) search on safety, health and fulfillment of the requirements of environmental legislation to investigate to the possibilities of economically exploit properly treated effluent. This study analyzed the return on investment of different WTSS. Was being carried out between the months of October of 2013 to May of 2014. For data collection an electronic questionnaire applied through interviews on 37 farms in the State of São Paulo chosen randomly. To analyze the economic feasibility of different WTSS we used the technique of Capital Budget (PAYBACK and IRR). The farms were divided into four categories: GEEBC-generated electricity, biofertilizer and carbon credits; GEEBI-generated electricity and biofertilizer; GEEEL-generated electricity; NGVAP- no generating value-added products. The best economic result was observed in the category GEEBC with an average Payback time of nine years. It was observed that 73% of respondents do not exploit the economic value of the treated effluent, keeping your investments with a view to contemplate the environmental regulations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027189
title: Pasture structure and production of supplemented cattle in deferred signalgrass pasture

description: Abstract The effects of supplement doses (0, 1, 2 and 3 kg ha-1 day-1) and grazing periods (1, 28, 59, 89 and 103 days) on the B. decumbens cv. Basilisk structure and cattle production in deferred pastures were evaluated. The design was a randomised complete block design with two replications. The sward height and the total forage and stem masses decreased with grazing period. The crude protein (8.12%) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (52.74%) were not affected by grazing period. The fibre content in neutral and acid detergent increased linearly with the grazing period. The average daily gain of cattle ranged from 0.419 to 1.019 kg animal-1 day-1; the stocking rate ranged from 2.7 to 3.9 animal unit ha-1; and the average gain per area ranged from 2.7 to 7.9 kg ha-1 day-1, with the maximum values obtained with the highest dose of concentrate. Concentrate supplementation increases cattle production in deferred pastures. During the use of deferred pasture in winter there are decreases in the quantity and quality of forage, as well as limitations in its structure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027189.v1
title: Pasture structure and production of supplemented cattle in deferred signalgrass pasture

description: Abstract The effects of supplement doses (0, 1, 2 and 3 kg ha-1 day-1) and grazing periods (1, 28, 59, 89 and 103 days) on the B. decumbens cv. Basilisk structure and cattle production in deferred pastures were evaluated. The design was a randomised complete block design with two replications. The sward height and the total forage and stem masses decreased with grazing period. The crude protein (8.12%) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (52.74%) were not affected by grazing period. The fibre content in neutral and acid detergent increased linearly with the grazing period. The average daily gain of cattle ranged from 0.419 to 1.019 kg animal-1 day-1; the stocking rate ranged from 2.7 to 3.9 animal unit ha-1; and the average gain per area ranged from 2.7 to 7.9 kg ha-1 day-1, with the maximum values obtained with the highest dose of concentrate. Concentrate supplementation increases cattle production in deferred pastures. During the use of deferred pasture in winter there are decreases in the quantity and quality of forage, as well as limitations in its structure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027561
title: Ingestive behavior of steers finished on soybean hull and/or white oat grain

description: Abstract The objective of this research was to measure the ingestive behavior of steers finished exclusively with concentrate containing soybean hulls (ground) and/or white oat grain.We used 32 steers with Charolais or Nellore predominance.The animals were randomly distributed in the treatments, blocked according to genetic predominance, and allocated in individual pens. Diets were isonitrogenous, being the treatments: Soybean hulls; White oat grain or the Mixture (equal parts), plus limestone and protein nucleus. Steers that received the diet based on soybean hulls remained more time in idle compared to the ones that received the mixture, and these remained more time in idle than the steers that received the diet based on white oat grain. Steers that received the diet based on soybean hulls ruminated less time than the steers fed the mixture, and these less time than those fed white oat grain. Exclusively concentrate diets based on soybean hulls although presenting high soluble fiber content in neutral detergent, are not sufficient to promote an appropriate ingestive behavior of steers of Charolais or Nelore racial predominance.