cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307104.v1
title: Container volume and controlled-release fertilizer influence the seedling quality of Agonandra brasiliensis

description: ABSTRACT Agonandra brasiliensis is a tree from tropical forests, with a wide occurrence in the Brazilian Savannah region. Despite its potential as wood and for reforestarion, efficient protocols for its seedling production are still lacking. This study aimed to assess morphological characteristics for the seedling quality of A. brasiliensis, under nursery conditions, as a function of container volume and controlled-release fertilizer dose. The experiment was carried out in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, testing two container volumes (1.8 L and 2.2 L) and five doses (0 g L-1, 1 g L-1, 2 g L-1, 4 g L-1 and 8 g L-1) of the encapsulated fertilizer Forth Cote™ (formulation NPK 15-09-12). The plots consisted of five homogeneous seedlings transplanted in polyethylene bags (15 cm x 35 cm) with washed medium sand substrate. The following characteristics were measured: shoot length; stem diameter; increases in length and diameter; total dry matter; shoot and root dry matters and the ratio between them. The Dickson Quality Index was also obtained. The seedling quality for morphological traits, such as shoot length, stem diameter and total dry matter, was especially favoured by treatments combining the controlled-release fertilizer at a dose around 5.0 g L-1 and container volume of 2.2 L.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290838.v1
title: Genetics of dementia: insights from Latin America

description: ABSTRACT. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are neurodegenerative disorders that result in a significant burden to both patients and caregivers. By 2050, the number of people with dementia in Latin America will increase 4-fold. A deep understanding of the relevant genetic factors of AD and FTD is fundamental to tackle this reality through prevention. A review of different genetic variants that cause AD or FTD in Latin America was conducted. We searched Medline and PubMed databases using the keywords “Alzheimer’s disease,” “frontotemporal dementia,” “mutation,” “America,” and “Latin America,” besides specific Latin American countries. Forty-five items were chosen and analyzed. PSEN1 mutations are the commonest cause of genetic early-onset Alzheimer’s disease (EOAD), followed by PSEN2 and APP mutations. Genetic FTD can be mainly explained by GRN and MAPT mutations, as well as C9orf72 G4C2 repeat expansion. APOE ε4 can modify the prevalence and incidence of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), in addition to the cognitive performance in affected carriers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307101.v1
title: Insecticide selectivity to Ooencyrtus submetallicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) under extended laboratory conditions

description: ABSTRACT Bioassays to evaluate the selectivity of pesticides to beneficial organisms are important tools to discriminate products compatible with biological pest control programs. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the main insecticides used in the soybean crop on the egg parasitoid Ooencyrtus submetallicus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). The tested treatments (active ingredients) were: methomyl, lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam, beta-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid, novaluron and teflubenzuron, in the highest doses indicated by the manufacturer for the soybean crop, and a control treatment (water). The evaluations enabled to calculate the mortality and parasitism capacity of adults exposed to the pesticides, in addition to the sex ratio of their descendants. Methomyl and lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam were classified as Class 4 (harmful), beta-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid as Class 3 (moderately harmful), and novaluron and teflubenzuron as Class 1 (harmless). The products classified as Class 3 and Class 4 should, as much as possible, be replaced by insecticides selective to O. submetallicus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307099.v1
title: Susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda and Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to infections caused by Metarhizium rileyi

description: ABSTRACT Due to the reduced host spectrum of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium rileyi, its pathogenicity against different target insects must be assessed to develop biopesticides capable of controlling more than one pest species. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of the pest species Chrysodeixis includens and Spodoptera frugiperda to different isolates of M. rileyi and, thus, determine a possible influence of the host of origin on the pathogenic activity of these isolates. Three isolates [CG1312 (C. includens as original host), CG381 (S. frugiperda as original host) and a new wild isolate (C. includens as original host)] were tested against larvae of C. includens and S. frugiperda, in third instar age, by treatment of surfaces with conidial suspension, under laboratory conditions. Both species were susceptible to the isolates of M. rileyi, with mortality rates of 53-58 % for C. includens and 74-84 % for S. frugiperda. The results suggest that the host of origin may not be determinant in the selection of pathogenic isolates of M. rileyi against these two pest insects.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307098.v1
title: Paclobutrazol in the flowering management affects the quality of Malpighia emarginata fruits

description: ABSTRACT Floral management using the growth regulator paclobutrazol may be an alternative for promoting the uniformity of flowering and fruiting in West Indian cherry (Malpighia emarginata D.C.) plants. However, the effects of its use on fruit quality are still unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of paclobutrazol doses on the fruit quality of M. emarginata. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement, with three replications and three plants per plot, with the studied factors consisting of two M. emarginata cultivars ('Junko' and 'Flor Branca') and five paclobutrazol doses (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 g a.i. m-1 of canopy diameter). The following variables were evaluated: fruit mass, fruit transverse and longitudinal diameters, pH, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio and vitamin C content. The use of paclobutrazol, to some extent, promoted the increase of fruit mass, longitudinal diameter and soluble solids contents. The 'Junko' cultivar presented a higher vitamin C content than that for 'Flor Branca', and the maximum vitamin C contents were obtained with the paclobutrazol doses of 0.64 and 0.81 g a.i. m-1, respectively for the 'Junko' and 'Flor Branca' cultivars. None of the studied factors promoted differences for pH and fruit acidity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307096.v1
title: Dry matter production and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake in Crotalaria juncea and Crotalaria spectabilis

description: ABSTRACT There are several benefits in the cultivation of Crotalaria spp., including high levels of biomass production and N accumulation, nutrient cycling and antagonistic activity against some nematodes. However, information on nutritional demand is still scarce for these species. This study aimed to determine the dry matter production and macronutrient uptake in shoots of Crotalaria juncea and Crotalaria spectabilis. Two experiments (one for each species) were carried out in a randomized block design, with three replications, assessing thirteen harvest times for C. juncea and ten for C. spectabilis. After each harvest, the samples were dried, weighed and submitted to laboratory analysis, in order to determine the nutrient contents in different parts of the plant. The nutrient accumulation on the shoots, for both species, occurred in the order K &gt; N &gt; P, being the stem the main organ of nutrient accumulation. Also for both species, the export of nutrients by the grains followed the order N &gt; K &gt; P. The maximum dry matter accumulation occurred at 135 and 104 days after emergence (DAE), respectively for C. juncea and C. spectabilis, while the production of viable seeds, in both species, had already begun at 90 DAE.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307095.v1
title: Cocoa shell substrate, indolebutyric acid doses and length of cuttings in the rooting of Fridericia chica

description: ABSTRACT Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L. G. Lohmann has medicinal properties and potential for commercial cultivation; however, the propagation characteristics of this species have been poorly evaluated. This study aimed to analyze the length of cuttings, indolebutyric acid (IBA) doses and substrates containing different proportions of cocoa shell in F. chica cuttings. Two experiments were carried out. In the first one, the treatments were basal cuttings of 10 cm and 20 cm in length and four IBA concentrations (0 mg L-1, 2,000 mg L-1, 4,000 mg L-1 and 6,000 mg L-1). In the second experiment, substrates obtained from five proportions of cocoa shell (CS) and expanded vermiculite (EV) compost were tested: 100 % CS; 100 % EV; 50 % CS + 50% EV; 30 % CS + 70 % EV; 70 % CS + 30 % EV. The rooting percentage, sprouting height and dry biomass production were evaluated. The production of F. chica seedlings can be performed by basal cuttings with 20 cm in length, which allow achieving a rooting rate of 91 %. The ideal IBA dose to obtain a maximum sprout length is 3,600 mg L-1. Mixtures composed of 50 % CS + 50 % EV and 30 % CS + 70 % EV were the best substrates for the production of F. chica seedlings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307093.v1
title: Tomato grafting onto Solanaceae genotypes to control bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum Smith 1896)

description: ABSTRACT The tomato cultivation in the Amazon is not feasible mainly due to the natural infestation of Ralstonia solanacearum in the soil. Preventive control through grafting has been one of the main alternatives to manage this problem. This study aimed to evaluate the compatibility of Solanaceae genotypes as rootstocks for 'Santa Clara' tomato, aiming to control the bacterial wilt. Five rootstocks were evaluated: cubiu; red jurubeba; jurubebão; commercial hybrid tomato rootstock Guardião; and 'Santa Clara' tomato (self-grafting). In the seedling phase, characteristics of rootstock survival rate and compatibility were evaluated; while, in the field, that happened for survival rate, compatibility and fruit yield. In the seedling phase, Guardião and red jurubeba showed the best performances. In the field, red jurubeba presented a low compatibility, although it obtained the best productive performance among the wild rootstocks. Guardião obtained the best compatibility and yield among the studied rootstocks. Grafting is a viable technique for tomato production under soil-borne disease conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307092.v1
title: Effects of meteorological variables on sugarcane ripening in the Cauca river valley, Colombia

description: ABSTRACT Sugarcane ripening is conditioned by the interaction between biological factors of the crop and climate. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of some meteorological variables on the sucrose content, during the ripening period, in the Cauca river valley (Colombia). The evaluations were conducted at seven locations, during four periods, being each one a three-month period. The meteorological variables of maximum, mean and minimum air temperature, diurnal vapor pressure deficit and precipitation were evaluated with respect to the sucrose variable (% cane). The results showed that a low precipitation and a high vapor pressure deficit increased the sucrose content in the stems. High minimum temperatures during the maturation stage decreased the sucrose levels, although their effect was less noticeable than previously mentioned. The meteorological conditions in the different localities caused substantial differences in the sucrose concentration of the stems, especially during the beginning of the maturation phase. However, these differences were reduced by the age of the crop and by the periods of rainfall or drought occurrence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307090.v1
title: Soil water dynamics and yield in maize and Brachiaria ruziziensis intercropping

description: ABSTRACT In intercropping systems, a high plant density can delay the biomass accumulation and affect the water availability to plants. This study aimed to evaluate the soil water dynamics and the crop yield performance in maize and Brachiaria ruziziensis intercropping under different sowing densities of the forage grass. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with treatments associated to the sowing densities (2 kg ha-1, 4 kg ha-1, 6 kg ha-1 and 8 kg ha-1) and the single cropping for both species as controls. The maize plants were evaluated for grain yield and B. ruziziensis for number of plants per hectare and shoot fresh and dry matter. The intercropping performance was evaluated using the land-use efficiency index. The soil water dynamics was monitored in two soil depths (0-0.3 m and 0.3-0.6 m) by using the time domain reflectometry method. The evaluation of soil water storage was carried out from plots with four of the crop systems (single maize or B. ruziziensis, and intercropping with the extreme sowing densities), at four different times. The increase in the sowing density of B. ruziziensis decreased the grain yield of the intercropped maize by 30.8 %. The intercropping system using 2 kg ha-1 of the grass seeds resulted in the best land-use efficiency (23 %). In addition, the intercropping treatments promoted a higher extraction of water from the soil, mainly at the maize growth stages with higher hydric demand (e.g., flowering and grain filling). These systems stimulate the extraction of water from deeper soil layers, when compared to maize in single cropping.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307087.v1
title: Simulated rainfall following the preplant application of 2,4-D and dicamba in soybean

description: ABSTRACT Soil residues following the application of 2,4-D and dicamba for weed control may delay the establishment and initial development of soybean, but rainfall can reduce the interval required between application and sowing. Rainfall volumes (0; 10; 30; 60; and 90 mm) were simulated following the application of 2,4-D (300 and 600 g a.e. ha-1) and dicamba (120 and 240 g a.e. ha-1), and the effects on soybean were evaluated. The application of 2,4-D did not affect the soybean establishment or initial development, regardless of the simulated rainfall volume. However, the dicamba residual reduced the soybean establishment for the lower rainfall volumes. Phytotoxicity was more severe for the highest dicamba rate (75-100 %), being 50-100 % for the lowest rate. The higher volumes of simulated rainfall reduced the phytotoxicity of dicamba in soybean, but were not sufficient to reduce the deleterious effects on the initial development of the crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307086.v1
title: Trichoderma and Clonostachys as biocontrol agents against Meloidogyne incognita in sacha inchi

description: ABSTRACT One of the main pathological problems for cropping sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is its susceptibility to root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne incognita). In this study, fungal endophytes were explored in the stems and leaves of seven species of the Plukenetia genus, and also evaluated the abilities of isolates of Trichoderma and Clonostachys as biocontrol agents against damages caused by this nematode in sacha inchi. In order to evaluate such effects, seedlings were colonized with these fungal isolates, and then they were infested with root-knot nematode eggs. The results showed that the Plukenetia genus is rich in diversity of fungal endophytes. Their greatest diversity was found in Plukenetia brachybotria. Among the most efficient isolates for endophytic colonization, some of Trichoderma (e.g., kmd-36 and kmd-54) and others of Clonostachys (e.g., kmd-68 and kmd-80) provided a significant (p &lt; 0.05) reduction in the number of galls induced by the nematodes, in comparison to the control treatment without endophytic colonization. In addition, these isolates allowed a better root development in the tested plants, thus revealing a good biocontrol potential against M. incognita in sacha inchi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307083.v1
title: Water in maize whorl enhances the control of Spodoptera frugiperda with insecticides

description: ABSTRACT The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda is among the main insect-pests on maize crops, due to its damaging potential and control issues related to the larval habit of concealing itself within the plant whorl. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of water in the maize whorl, combined with insecticides and spray sets, on the damage caused by S. frugiperda and the grain yield. The experiments were carried out under field conditions, at two cropping seasons, both with Bt-maize hybrids, in a 2 × 2 × 5 + 1 factorial scheme, testing the presence or absence of water inside the plant whorl, two insecticides and five spray sets (combinations of spray volumes, nozzle types, pressures and spraying speed), plus a control without water and insecticide. The presence of water inside the whorl reduced the damage caused by S. frugiperda during the early growth stages, especially in the plants sprayed with the insecticide chlorantraniliprole. The spray sets with 200 L ha1/20.3 psi or 250 L ha1/33.4 psi provided the highest reductions in the percentage of damaged plants and damage scores, regardless of the insecticide. Therefore, the spraying of insecticides, when there is water from irrigation, dew or rainfall inside the maize whorl, improves the control of S. frugiperda in maize crops, especially in Bt-maize.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307081.v1
title: Cowpea development under different temperatures and carbon dioxide concentrations

description: ABSTRACT The increase of CO2 concentrations and temperatures may affect the plant development and production. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the increased temperature and carbon dioxide concentration on the development of cowpea cultivars. The experiment was conducted in growth chambers, with control of CO2 and temperature. A completely randomized design was carried out, in a 4 x 3 x 2 factorial arrangement [cultivar x temperature (day/night) x CO2], with three replicates. The duration of the cowpea vegetative and reproductive phases was evaluated and, at the end of the experiment, the number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, seed weight, shoot fresh and dry matter weight were quantified. Temperature affects the development of cowpea cultivars, and the temperatures of 29 ºC (day)/23 ºC (night) lead to a higher seed weight. The increase of CO2 leads to a higher number of pods and seeds and seed weight. The BRS Tapaihum cultivar presented the highest number of pods and seeds and seed weight. In addition, the temperatures of 32 ºC (day)/29 ºC (night) lead to a greater flower abortion in the BRS Pujante and BRS Tapaihum cultivars.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307080.v1
title: Agronomic traits in common bean are influenced by infestation and coexistence with volunteer maize

description: ABSTRACT Maize seeds lost during harvest may emerge and establish themselves during the cultivation of common bean, becoming a problematic weed in succession crops. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the infestation level and interference period of volunteer maize on agronomic traits of common bean. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design, with four replications, in a 2 x 8 factorial scheme consisting of two maize infestation levels (4 plants m-2 and 12 plants m-2) combined with eight coexistence periods between crop and weed (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 and 88 days after the emergence of the common bean). Variables related to the common bean vegetative growth (plant height, stem diameter, number of side branches and shoot dry matter) and to its grain production (number of pods per plant, grain yield and weight of 1,000 grains), as well as the period prior to interference, were assessed. The increase of the coexistence period and volunteer maize infestation level negatively affected the common bean growth and grain yield. The densities with 4 plants m-2 and 12 plants m-2 of volunteer maize reduced the common bean grain yield by 60 % and 84 %, respectively; while the periods prior to interference between crop and weed, for the respective infestation levels, were 15 and 8 days after the common bean emergence. In addition, the volunteer maize reduces the period prior to interference to very low values, indicating the need to anticipate the control of this weed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307078.v1
title: Effects of mycorrhizal association and phosphate fertilization on the initial growth of coffee plants

description: ABSTRACT In the establishment of coffee crops, phosphate fertilization is one of the most important soil fertility managements. Aiming to minimize losses, among the options in use are fertilizers with a slow release of nutrients, combined with the inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This study aimed to evaluate the initial growth of coffee plants inoculated with AMF and submitted to different types of phosphate fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using a complete randomized block design, in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with four replications. The first factor referred to the presence or absence of AMF (Rhizophagus clarus) and the second one to phosphate [monoammonium phosphate (MAP)], pelletized organomineral and grainy organomineral fertilizers, as well as a control (without fertilization). The plant height, leaf chlorophyll content, number of plagiotropic branches, leaf area, shoot and root dry matter mass, percentage of root colonization and leaf phosphorus were evaluated. The inoculation with AMF, associated with the pelletized organomineral fertilizer, provided a higher growth for the shoot and root system and higher phosphorus contents, in relation to the other treatments, and it can be an alternative to the implantation or renewal of coffee crops.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307075.v1
title: Interaction between potyvirus and crinivirus in sweet potato

description: ABSTRACT Sweet potato, in Argentina, is affected by the “encrespamiento amarillo”, a viral disease in which seven viruses are involved, among them two potyvirus (sweet potato feathery mottle virus - SPFMV and sweet potato virus G - SPVG) and a crinivirus (sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus - SPCSV). This research aimed to study the interaction between SPFMV and SPVG with SPCSV in sweet potato. Two sweet potato cultivars (Gem and Arapey INIA) and Ipomoea setosa as an indicator susceptible plant were tested as single (SPFMV or SPVG), double (SPFMV + SPVG, SPFMV + SPCSV or SPVG + SPCSV) or triple (SPFMV + SPVG + SPCSV) grafts. Both potyviruses were purified and the viral concentrations in the plant tissues were quantified by the DAS-Elisa method. The viruses and their severities were evaluated at 7, 15, 21, 30 and 35 days post-inoculation. A synergistic effect was observed with the three viruses in the indicator plant. The viral concentration increase was 50 times for SPFMV (day 35) and two times for SPVG (day 21) in the Gem cultivar, and 1.89 times for SPFMV (day 35) and three times for SPVG (day 7) in the Arapey INIA. For multiple infections, the indicator plant and the Gem cultivar exhibited synergistic symptoms and increase in the viral titers, with a higher severity and variability of the symptoms. Co-infections such as SPFMV + SPVG showed characteristic potyvirus symptoms, without increasing the viral concentrations; triple co-infections exhibited viral complex symptoms, with increase in the potyvirus titers; and the symptoms were mild or imperceptible in the simple infections.