cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1035071.v1
title: Summary of conserved local base-pairing interactions in HIV-1 PR and RT wild-type consensus sequences

description: The MFOLD thermodynamic folding algorithm, which predicts RNA structure based on minimum free energy on folding, was used to detect potential local base pairing interactions between RNA nucleotides in the PR-RT region. Mfold analysis was carried out using a sliding window scanning process (implemented in perl) to minimize any arbitrary effects of the region chosen for analysis. Stepwise scanning in a 5’ to 3’ direction with a ‘sliding window’ of fixed length was used to generate subsequences within the region of the HIV genome under analysis (codons 1-99 of PR and 1-240 of RT) and 500bp of flanking sequence either side (derived from subtype consensus sequences available from the Los Alamos HIV Sequence database). A step size of 20bp was used in combination with a range of window sizes (300, 600, 900 and 1200bp). Base pairing interactions within predicted structures generated using this approach were then analysed. The frequency of base-paring between pairs was calculated across each of the windows in which the pair occurred. When a range of structures was predicted for a sequence under analysis, the average frequency of pairs across each of the predicted structures was scored. Base pairing interactions that were consistently predicted across all windows and structures (&gt;90%) were considered robust. With MFOLD, all sequences were folded at 37 degrees Celsius using default parameters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1035032
title: Late Pliocene rodents from the Irrawaddy sediments of central Myanmar and their palaeogeographical significance

description: The Upper Pliocene Irrawaddy sediments in the Gwebin area of central Myanmar recently yielded a rodent assemblage that contains nine species belonging to four families: four species of Muridae, three of Hystricidae, one of Spalacidae, and one of Sciuridae. The murids consist of <i>Hapalomys</i> cf. <i>longicaudatus</i>, <i>Maxomys pliosurifer</i> sp. nov., <i>Rattus jaegeri</i> and cf. <i>Rattus</i> sp. indet., which include both extinct and extant forms. <i>Maxomys pliosurifer</i> is relatively similar to <i>Maxomys surifer</i> that lives in South-East Asia in terms of tooth morphology but retains plesiomorphic features shared with the ancestral rat, <i>Karnimata</i>, and possible sister genera of <i>Maxomys</i>, such as <i>Ratchaburimys</i> and <i>Millardia</i>. The three hystricids belong to the genus <i>Hystrix</i> and consist of two extinct brachydont species (<i>Hystrix paukensis</i> and <i>Hystrix</i> sp. indet.) and one hypsodont species similar to living form (<i>Hystrix</i> cf. <i>brachyura</i>). This finding indicates that primitive brachydont species and derived hypsodont species of <i>Hystrix</i> had likely coexisted in the locality, but the brachydont species are significantly more common amongst specimens collected from the Gwebin area. The spalacid species is <i>Cannomys</i> cf. <i>badius</i> and the sciurid species is <i>Menetes</i> sp. indet. These two rodents are similar to living species in continental South-East Asia although they show minor differences in tooth characteristics compared to the living forms. Some species and genera of the fossil rodent assemblage from the Gwebin area also occur in Upper Pliocene localities of Thailand, suggesting chronological correlation between these two faunas. Moreover, these fossil rodent assemblages are composed primarily of the species distributed endemically in continental South-East Asia. Late Pliocene rodents of continental South-East Asia were affected by river barriers that formed during the Mio-Pliocene, and they were probably not able to disperse from South-East Asia into South and East Asia.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: 0171B3BE-02D4-433C-A5CE-4729C537FAF8
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1035032.v2
title: Late Pliocene rodents from the Irrawaddy sediments of central Myanmar and their palaeogeographical significance

description: The Upper Pliocene Irrawaddy sediments in the Gwebin area of central Myanmar recently yielded a rodent assemblage that contains nine species belonging to four families: four species of Muridae, three of Hystricidae, one of Spalacidae, and one of Sciuridae. The murids consist of <i>Hapalomys</i> cf. <i>longicaudatus</i>, <i>Maxomys pliosurifer</i> sp. nov., <i>Rattus jaegeri</i> and cf. <i>Rattus</i> sp. indet., which include both extinct and extant forms. <i>Maxomys pliosurifer</i> is relatively similar to <i>Maxomys surifer</i> that lives in South-East Asia in terms of tooth morphology but retains plesiomorphic features shared with the ancestral rat, <i>Karnimata</i>, and possible sister genera of <i>Maxomys</i>, such as <i>Ratchaburimys</i> and <i>Millardia</i>. The three hystricids belong to the genus <i>Hystrix</i> and consist of two extinct brachydont species (<i>Hystrix paukensis</i> and <i>Hystrix</i> sp. indet.) and one hypsodont species similar to living form (<i>Hystrix</i> cf. <i>brachyura</i>). This finding indicates that primitive brachydont species and derived hypsodont species of <i>Hystrix</i> had likely coexisted in the locality, but the brachydont species are significantly more common amongst specimens collected from the Gwebin area. The spalacid species is <i>Cannomys</i> cf. <i>badius</i> and the sciurid species is <i>Menetes</i> sp. indet. These two rodents are similar to living species in continental South-East Asia although they show minor differences in tooth characteristics compared to the living forms. Some species and genera of the fossil rodent assemblage from the Gwebin area also occur in Upper Pliocene localities of Thailand, suggesting chronological correlation between these two faunas. Moreover, these fossil rodent assemblages are composed primarily of the species distributed endemically in continental South-East Asia. Late Pliocene rodents of continental South-East Asia were affected by river barriers that formed during the Mio-Pliocene, and they were probably not able to disperse from South-East Asia into South and East Asia.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: 0171B3BE-02D4-433C-A5CE-4729C537FAF8
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1035032.v1
title: Late Pliocene rodents from the Irrawaddy sediments of central Myanmar and their palaeogeographical significance

description: The Upper Pliocene Irrawaddy sediments in the Gwebin area of central Myanmar recently yielded a rodent assemblage that contains nine species belonging to four families: four species of Muridae, three of Hystricidae, one of Spalacidae, and one of Sciuridae. The murids consist of <i>Hapalomys</i> cf. <i>longicaudatus</i>, <i>Maxomys pliosurifer</i> sp. nov., <i>Rattus jaegeri</i> and cf. <i>Rattus</i> sp. indet., which include both extinct and extant forms. <i>Maxomys pliosurifer</i> is relatively similar to <i>Maxomys surifer</i> that lives in South-East Asia in terms of tooth morphology but retains plesiomorphic features shared with the ancestral rat, <i>Karnimata</i>, and possible sister genera of <i>Maxomys</i>, such as <i>Ratchaburimys</i> and <i>Millardia</i>. The three hystricids belong to the genus <i>Hystrix</i> and consist of two extinct brachydont species (<i>Hystrix paukensis</i> and <i>Hystrix</i> sp. indet.) and one hypsodont species similar to living form (<i>Hystrix</i> cf. <i>brachyura</i>). This finding indicates that primitive brachydont species and derived hypsodont species of <i>Hystrix</i> had likely coexisted in the locality, but the brachydont species are significantly more common amongst specimens collected from the Gwebin area. The spalacid species is <i>Cannomys</i> cf. <i>badius</i> and the sciurid species is <i>Menetes</i> sp. indet. These two rodents are similar to living species in continental South-East Asia although they show minor differences in tooth characteristics compared to the living forms. Some species and genera of the fossil rodent assemblage from the Gwebin area also occur in Upper Pliocene localities of Thailand, suggesting chronological correlation between these two faunas. Moreover, these fossil rodent assemblages are composed primarily of the species distributed endemically in continental South-East Asia. Late Pliocene rodents of continental South-East Asia were affected by river barriers that formed during the Mio-Pliocene, and they were probably not able to disperse from South-East Asia into South and East Asia.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub: 0171B3BE-02D4-433C-A5CE-4729C537FAF8
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1035010
title: Journal Writing in a Mathematics Capstone Course for Prospective Secondary Teachers: Future Teachers Making Connections

description: In the context of a Capstone course for prospective secondary teachers (PSTs) of mathematics, this paper examines how a journal assignment was implemented and how it can help us understand PSTs’ views of mathematics and mathematics teaching. First, the course design and specifics of the assignment are described. Then, details about implementation of the assignment are included. Finally, affordances of incorporating this type of assignment are discussed with examples of PSTs’ responses. The identified benefits include PSTs: (a) connecting new mathematical ideas to their prior knowledge; (b) identifying what they do not know; and (c) articulating the importance of reasoning and proving in mathematics teaching and learning. These benefits support the notion that using a journal assignment in mathematics content courses designed for PSTs can help them develop a profound understanding of mathematics content and practices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1035010.v1
title: Journal Writing in a Mathematics Capstone Course for Prospective Secondary Teachers: Future Teachers Making Connections

description: In the context of a Capstone course for prospective secondary teachers (PSTs) of mathematics, this paper examines how a journal assignment was implemented and how it can help us understand PSTs’ views of mathematics and mathematics teaching. First, the course design and specifics of the assignment are described. Then, details about implementation of the assignment are included. Finally, affordances of incorporating this type of assignment are discussed with examples of PSTs’ responses. The identified benefits include PSTs: (a) connecting new mathematical ideas to their prior knowledge; (b) identifying what they do not know; and (c) articulating the importance of reasoning and proving in mathematics teaching and learning. These benefits support the notion that using a journal assignment in mathematics content courses designed for PSTs can help them develop a profound understanding of mathematics content and practices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033973
title: Commercial motorcycle drivers' perceptions of risk and road safety in urban Nigeria: an explorative study

description: Road traffic injury is a great public health challenge with an emerging trend of increasing rates and high mortality involving commercial motorcycles in Nigeria. A qualitative approach was used with 10 in-depth interviews conducted to explore the risk perceptions of commercial motorcyclists in Ibadan, Nigeria. The data analysis using manifest and latent content analysis resulted in an overarching theme: inadequate structures and internalised norms prevent change. The three themes leading to the overarching theme are: risk-taking as generally acceptable; risk-taking as an intrinsic part of occupation; and risk-taking as a way to make ends meet. The study suggests that there is a great need for adequate regulation as regards training and licensing of riders. Also the need to tighten enforcement of traffic rules is paramount to road safety in Nigeria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033973.v2
title: Commercial motorcycle drivers' perceptions of risk and road safety in urban Nigeria: an explorative study

description: Road traffic injury is a great public health challenge with an emerging trend of increasing rates and high mortality involving commercial motorcycles in Nigeria. A qualitative approach was used with 10 in-depth interviews conducted to explore the risk perceptions of commercial motorcyclists in Ibadan, Nigeria. The data analysis using manifest and latent content analysis resulted in an overarching theme: inadequate structures and internalised norms prevent change. The three themes leading to the overarching theme are: risk-taking as generally acceptable; risk-taking as an intrinsic part of occupation; and risk-taking as a way to make ends meet. The study suggests that there is a great need for adequate regulation as regards training and licensing of riders. Also the need to tighten enforcement of traffic rules is paramount to road safety in Nigeria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033973.v1
title: Commercial motorcycle drivers’ perceptions of risk and road safety in urban Nigeria: an explorative study

description: Road traffic injury is a great public health challenge with an emerging trend of increasing rates and high mortality involving commercial motorcycles in Nigeria. A qualitative approach was used with 10 in-depth interviews conducted to explore the risk perceptions of commercial motorcyclists in Ibadan, Nigeria. The data analysis using manifest and latent content analysis resulted in an overarching theme: inadequate structures and internalised norms prevent change. The three themes leading to the overarching theme are: risk-taking as generally acceptable; risk-taking as an intrinsic part of occupation; and risk-taking as a way to make ends meet. The study suggests that there is a great need for adequate regulation as regards training and licensing of riders. Also the need to tighten enforcement of traffic rules is paramount to road safety in Nigeria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033955
title: Ice streams in the Laurentide Ice Sheet: a new mapping inventory

description: Rapidly flowing ice streams dominate the drainage of continental ice sheets and are a key component of their mass balance. Due to their potential impact on sea level, their activity in the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets has undergone detailed scrutiny in recent decades. However, these observations only cover a fraction of their ‘life-span’ and the subglacial processes that facilitate their rapid flow are very difficult to observe. To circumvent these problems, numerous workers have highlighted the potential of investigating palaeo-ice streams tracks, preserved in the landform and sedimentary record of former ice sheets. As such, it is becoming increasingly important to know where and when palaeo-ice streams operated. In this paper, we present a new map of ice streams in the North American Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS; including the Innuitian Ice Sheet), which was the largest of the ephemeral Pleistocene ice sheets and where numerous ice streams have been identified. We compile previously published evidence of ice stream activity and complement it with new mapping to generate the most complete and consistent mapping inventory to date. The map depicts close to three times as many ice streams (117 in total) compared to previous inventories, and categorises them according to the evidence they left behind, with some locations more speculative than others. The map considerably refines our understanding of LIS dynamics, but there is a clear requirement for improved dating of ice stream activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033955.v1
title: Ice streams in the Laurentide Ice Sheet: a new mapping inventory

description: Rapidly flowing ice streams dominate the drainage of continental ice sheets and are a key component of their mass balance. Due to their potential impact on sea level, their activity in the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets has undergone detailed scrutiny in recent decades. However, these observations only cover a fraction of their ‘life-span’ and the subglacial processes that facilitate their rapid flow are very difficult to observe. To circumvent these problems, numerous workers have highlighted the potential of investigating palaeo-ice streams tracks, preserved in the landform and sedimentary record of former ice sheets. As such, it is becoming increasingly important to know where and when palaeo-ice streams operated. In this paper, we present a new map of ice streams in the North American Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS; including the Innuitian Ice Sheet), which was the largest of the ephemeral Pleistocene ice sheets and where numerous ice streams have been identified. We compile previously published evidence of ice stream activity and complement it with new mapping to generate the most complete and consistent mapping inventory to date. The map depicts close to three times as many ice streams (117 in total) compared to previous inventories, and categorises them according to the evidence they left behind, with some locations more speculative than others. The map considerably refines our understanding of LIS dynamics, but there is a clear requirement for improved dating of ice stream activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033945
title: Synecology, conservation status and IUCN assessment of <i>Potentilla fruticosa</i> L. in the Italian Alps

description: <i>Potentilla fruticosa</i> L. is a self-incompatible clonal shrub, characterized by a wide circumpolar distribution (Asia and North America). In Europe the species has many peripheral isolated populations, and within the Alps it is confined to a restricted area of the Maritime Alps (Italy and France). In alpine environments <i>P. fruticosa</i> is affected by a significant lack of information about current population status and little and conflicting information is reported about its potential habitat. Our study investigated <i>P. fruticosa</i> populations on the Italian side of the Alps to evaluate its synecology, syntaxonomy and conservation status. Results showed that six out of the seven populations inventoried in the area during the study, consisted of 20 or fewer individuals, and only one included a high number of plants. The species was observed in the study area within the <i>Caricetum frigidae</i> association (<i>Caricion davallianae</i> alliance), very close to small creeks characterized by fairly constant water levels. In the Italian Alps <i>P. fruticosa</i> has a very restricted geographic range, estimated at around 16 km<sup>2</sup> (extent of occurrence). Isolation of populations affected viable seed production. A continuing decline in the quality and extent of the habitat is expected due to the continuing abandonment of pastures that began 40 years ago in the study area. According to the most recent IUCN categories and criteria the species should be listed at the regional/national level as Critically Endangered.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033955.v3
title: Ice streams in the Laurentide Ice Sheet: a new mapping inventory

description: Rapidly flowing ice streams dominate the drainage of continental ice sheets and are a key component of their mass balance. Due to their potential impact on sea level, their activity in the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets has undergone detailed scrutiny in recent decades. However, these observations only cover a fraction of their ‘life-span’ and the subglacial processes that facilitate their rapid flow are very difficult to observe. To circumvent these problems, numerous workers have highlighted the potential of investigating palaeo-ice streams tracks, preserved in the landform and sedimentary record of former ice sheets. As such, it is becoming increasingly important to know where and when palaeo-ice streams operated. In this paper, we present a new map of ice streams in the North American Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS; including the Innuitian Ice Sheet), which was the largest of the ephemeral Pleistocene ice sheets and where numerous ice streams have been identified. We compile previously published evidence of ice stream activity and complement it with new mapping to generate the most complete and consistent mapping inventory to date. The map depicts close to three times as many ice streams (117 in total) compared to previous inventories, and categorises them according to the evidence they left behind, with some locations more speculative than others. The map considerably refines our understanding of LIS dynamics, but there is a clear requirement for improved dating of ice stream activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033955.v2
title: Ice streams in the Laurentide Ice Sheet: a new mapping inventory

description: Rapidly flowing ice streams dominate the drainage of continental ice sheets and are a key component of their mass balance. Due to their potential impact on sea level, their activity in the Antarctic and Greenland Ice Sheets has undergone detailed scrutiny in recent decades. However, these observations only cover a fraction of their ‘life-span’ and the subglacial processes that facilitate their rapid flow are very difficult to observe. To circumvent these problems, numerous workers have highlighted the potential of investigating palaeo-ice streams tracks, preserved in the landform and sedimentary record of former ice sheets. As such, it is becoming increasingly important to know where and when palaeo-ice streams operated. In this paper, we present a new map of ice streams in the North American Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS; including the Innuitian Ice Sheet), which was the largest of the ephemeral Pleistocene ice sheets and where numerous ice streams have been identified. We compile previously published evidence of ice stream activity and complement it with new mapping to generate the most complete and consistent mapping inventory to date. The map depicts close to three times as many ice streams (117 in total) compared to previous inventories, and categorises them according to the evidence they left behind, with some locations more speculative than others. The map considerably refines our understanding of LIS dynamics, but there is a clear requirement for improved dating of ice stream activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033943
title: Regulatory failures, split-incentives, conflicting interests and a vicious circle of blame: the New Environmental Governance to the rescue?

description: This paper addresses a current trend of New Environmental Governance (NEG). It examines whether NEG is able to overcome a series of complex regulatory barriers and market shortfalls that stand in the way of carbon emissions reductions in the building sector. Building on an evaluation of 20 NEG arrangements from Australia and the Netherlands, it discusses the limits of the effective implementation and use of NEG in this sector. The paper concludes by suggesting three strategies to improve the performance of NEG arrangements in the building sector.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1033944
title: Genetic diversity of <i>Vicia faba</i> L. based on random amplified polymorphic DNA and simple sequence repeat markers

description: The genetic diversity of 13 Tunisian faba bean (<i>Vicia faba</i> L.) accessions, and the commercial variety “Aguadulce”, were studied using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. In comparison to RAPD markers, SSRs showed a higher level of polymorphism and greater information content, as assessed by the expected heterozygosity. One hundred and fourteen bands were amplified using six SSR primer combinations and 376 bands were observed using four RAPD primers. The percentages of polymorphic fragments were 100% and 60.63% for SSR and RAPD markers, respectively. The polymorphism information content, gene diversity and population differentiation test were 0.370, 0.490 and 0.746, respectively, for SSR markers and 0.319, 0.406 and 0.775 for RAPD markers. The correlation coefficients of similarity based on the Mantel test were statistically significant for the both marker systems used, but were higher for SSR data than for RAPD. Dendrogram topologies, conducted separately on polymorphic RAPD and SSR markers, showed minor differences in the grouping of accessions. The dendrogram based on combined RAPD and SSR data sets identified clustering of accessions according to their geographic diffusion. Collectively, these results will aid Tunisian faba bean germplasm management, conservation and breeding.