cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317565
title: Association between cognitive performance and self-reported glaucoma in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of ELSA-Brasil

description: Recent evidence suggests that glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease are neurodegenerative diseases sharing common pathophysiological and etiological features, although findings are inconclusive. We sought to investigate whether self-reported glaucoma patients without dementia present poorer cognitive performance, an issue that has been less investigated. We employed cross-sectional data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) and included participants ≥50 years of age without a known diagnosis of dementia and a self-reported glaucoma diagnosis. We excluded those with previous stroke, other eye conditions, and using drugs that could impair cognition. We evaluated cognition using delayed word recall, phonemic verbal fluency, and trail making (version B) tests. We used multinomial linear regression models to investigate associations between self-reported glaucoma with cognition, adjusted by several sociodemographic and clinical variables. Out of 4,331 participants, 139 reported glaucoma. Fully-adjusted models showed that self-reported glaucoma patients presented poorer performance in the verbal fluency test (β=-0.39, 95%CI=-0.64 to -0.14, P=0.002), but not in the other cognitive assessments. Thus, our results support the hypothesis that self-reported glaucoma is associated with poor cognitive performance; however, longitudinal data are necessary to corroborate our findings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317565.v1
title: Association between cognitive performance and self-reported glaucoma in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional analysis of ELSA-Brasil

description: Recent evidence suggests that glaucoma and Alzheimer's disease are neurodegenerative diseases sharing common pathophysiological and etiological features, although findings are inconclusive. We sought to investigate whether self-reported glaucoma patients without dementia present poorer cognitive performance, an issue that has been less investigated. We employed cross-sectional data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) and included participants ≥50 years of age without a known diagnosis of dementia and a self-reported glaucoma diagnosis. We excluded those with previous stroke, other eye conditions, and using drugs that could impair cognition. We evaluated cognition using delayed word recall, phonemic verbal fluency, and trail making (version B) tests. We used multinomial linear regression models to investigate associations between self-reported glaucoma with cognition, adjusted by several sociodemographic and clinical variables. Out of 4,331 participants, 139 reported glaucoma. Fully-adjusted models showed that self-reported glaucoma patients presented poorer performance in the verbal fluency test (β=-0.39, 95%CI=-0.64 to -0.14, P=0.002), but not in the other cognitive assessments. Thus, our results support the hypothesis that self-reported glaucoma is associated with poor cognitive performance; however, longitudinal data are necessary to corroborate our findings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317566
title: Association between dietary patterns and renal function in a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the ELSA-Brasil cohort

description: Previous analyses of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) identified four main dietary patterns (DP). The aim of this study was to explore the association between the previously defined DP and renal function (RF). A cross-sectional study using the ELSA-Brasil baseline data was carried out. DP (“traditional”, “fruits and vegetables”, “bakery”, and “low sugar/low fat), metabolic syndrome (MS) using the Joint Interim Statement criteria, microalbuminuria (MA), and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) through the CKD-EPI equation were evaluated. Abnormal RF was defined as eGFR&lt;60 mL·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1 and MA≥3.0 mg/dL. Factors associated with RF were determined and mediation analysis was performed to investigate the association between DP, MS, and RF. A total of 15,105 participants were recruited, with a mean age of 52±9 years; 8,134 participants (54%) were females. The mediation analysis identified indirect associations between “bakery” and “fruits and vegetables”, and both were associated with decreased eGFR and albuminuria in both genders, compared with “traditional” and “low sugar/low fat” patterns in the general population. There was a direct association of the “bakery” pattern with MA in men (OR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.92-1.48). The “fruits and vegetables” pattern also showed a direct association with reduced eGFR in women (OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.28-2.12), although there was no significance after adjustment. The “fruits and vegetables” and “bakery” DPs were associated with renal dysfunction. The only independent, direct association was between “bakery” DP and MA in men, raising concerns about DP and renal damage in men.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317566.v1
title: Association between dietary patterns and renal function in a cross-sectional study using baseline data from the ELSA-Brasil cohort

description: Previous analyses of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil) identified four main dietary patterns (DP). The aim of this study was to explore the association between the previously defined DP and renal function (RF). A cross-sectional study using the ELSA-Brasil baseline data was carried out. DP (“traditional”, “fruits and vegetables”, “bakery”, and “low sugar/low fat), metabolic syndrome (MS) using the Joint Interim Statement criteria, microalbuminuria (MA), and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) through the CKD-EPI equation were evaluated. Abnormal RF was defined as eGFR&lt;60 mL·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1 and MA≥3.0 mg/dL. Factors associated with RF were determined and mediation analysis was performed to investigate the association between DP, MS, and RF. A total of 15,105 participants were recruited, with a mean age of 52±9 years; 8,134 participants (54%) were females. The mediation analysis identified indirect associations between “bakery” and “fruits and vegetables”, and both were associated with decreased eGFR and albuminuria in both genders, compared with “traditional” and “low sugar/low fat” patterns in the general population. There was a direct association of the “bakery” pattern with MA in men (OR: 1.17, 95%CI: 1.92-1.48). The “fruits and vegetables” pattern also showed a direct association with reduced eGFR in women (OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.28-2.12), although there was no significance after adjustment. The “fruits and vegetables” and “bakery” DPs were associated with renal dysfunction. The only independent, direct association was between “bakery” DP and MA in men, raising concerns about DP and renal damage in men.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317568
title: Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of glass ionomer cement containing an essential oil

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and toxicity of glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified with 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenol (thymol) against Streptococcus mutans in silico and in vitro. The antimicrobial activity of thymol on GIC modified with concentrations of 2% (GIC-2) and 4% (GIC-4) was evaluated in a model of planktonic cell biofilm using agar diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), dynamic biofilm (continuous flow cell parallel), and bacterial kinetics. Conventional GIC (GIC-0) was used as a control. Thymol toxicity was evaluated in Artemia salina and in silico using Osiris® software. Differences between groups were estimated by analysis of variance, followed by Tukey post hoc test, with a 5% significance level. The results of the agar diffusion test between groups were not significantly different (P≥0.05). Thymol had potential bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against Streptococcus mutans with respect to planktonic growth, with MIC of 100 µg/mL and MBC of 400 µg/mL. The groups GIC-0, GIC-2, and GIC-4 reduced the biofilm by approximately 10, 85, and 95%, respectively. Bacterial kinetics showed efficiency of the modified GICs for up to 96 h. GIC with thymol was effective against S. mutans, with significant inhibition of the biofilms. Analyses in silico and using Artemia salina resulted in no relevant toxicity, suggesting potential for use in humans. GIC-2 was effective against S. mutans biofilm, with decreased cell viability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317568.v1
title: Antimicrobial activity and toxicity of glass ionomer cement containing an essential oil

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and toxicity of glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified with 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenol (thymol) against Streptococcus mutans in silico and in vitro. The antimicrobial activity of thymol on GIC modified with concentrations of 2% (GIC-2) and 4% (GIC-4) was evaluated in a model of planktonic cell biofilm using agar diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), dynamic biofilm (continuous flow cell parallel), and bacterial kinetics. Conventional GIC (GIC-0) was used as a control. Thymol toxicity was evaluated in Artemia salina and in silico using Osiris® software. Differences between groups were estimated by analysis of variance, followed by Tukey post hoc test, with a 5% significance level. The results of the agar diffusion test between groups were not significantly different (P≥0.05). Thymol had potential bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against Streptococcus mutans with respect to planktonic growth, with MIC of 100 µg/mL and MBC of 400 µg/mL. The groups GIC-0, GIC-2, and GIC-4 reduced the biofilm by approximately 10, 85, and 95%, respectively. Bacterial kinetics showed efficiency of the modified GICs for up to 96 h. GIC with thymol was effective against S. mutans, with significant inhibition of the biofilms. Analyses in silico and using Artemia salina resulted in no relevant toxicity, suggesting potential for use in humans. GIC-2 was effective against S. mutans biofilm, with decreased cell viability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317569.v1
title: Tyrosine hydroxylase and β2-adrenergic receptor expression in leukocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats: putative peripheral markers of central sympathetic activity

description: The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, including primary arterial hypertension. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the expression of the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) in immune cells from peripheral blood, reflect central SNS activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). TH expression in the lower brainstem and adrenal glands and β2-AR expression in the lower brainstem were analyzed by western blot analyses. In the leukocytes, TH and β2-AR expression was evaluated by flow cytometry before and after chronic treatment with the centrally-acting sympathoinhibitory drug clonidine. Western blot analyses showed increased TH and β2-AR expression in the lower brainstem and increased TH in adrenal glands from SHR compared to normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Lower brainstem from SHR treated with clonidine presented reduced TH and β2-AR levels, and adrenal glands had decreased TH expression compared to SHR treated with vehicle. Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of leukocytes that express β2-AR is higher in SHR than in WKY. However, the percentage of leukocytes that expressed TH was higher in WKY than in SHR. Moreover, chronic treatment with clonidine normalized the levels of TH and β2-AR in leukocytes from SHR to similar levels of those of WKY. Our study demonstrated that the percentage of leukocytes expressing TH and β2-AR was altered in arterial hypertension and can be modulated by central sympathetic inhibition with clonidine treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317569
title: Tyrosine hydroxylase and β2-adrenergic receptor expression in leukocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats: putative peripheral markers of central sympathetic activity

description: The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays a fundamental role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases, including primary arterial hypertension. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the expression of the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine synthesis, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) in immune cells from peripheral blood, reflect central SNS activity in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). TH expression in the lower brainstem and adrenal glands and β2-AR expression in the lower brainstem were analyzed by western blot analyses. In the leukocytes, TH and β2-AR expression was evaluated by flow cytometry before and after chronic treatment with the centrally-acting sympathoinhibitory drug clonidine. Western blot analyses showed increased TH and β2-AR expression in the lower brainstem and increased TH in adrenal glands from SHR compared to normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Lower brainstem from SHR treated with clonidine presented reduced TH and β2-AR levels, and adrenal glands had decreased TH expression compared to SHR treated with vehicle. Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of leukocytes that express β2-AR is higher in SHR than in WKY. However, the percentage of leukocytes that expressed TH was higher in WKY than in SHR. Moreover, chronic treatment with clonidine normalized the levels of TH and β2-AR in leukocytes from SHR to similar levels of those of WKY. Our study demonstrated that the percentage of leukocytes expressing TH and β2-AR was altered in arterial hypertension and can be modulated by central sympathetic inhibition with clonidine treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317584
title: Socio-environmental determinants of the delay in the first dental visit: results of two population-based cohort studies in Brazil

description: The objective of this study was to describe the timing of the first dental visit and investigate the association of socioeconomic and behavioral factors with dental visit delay among 10/11-year-old children from two live-birth population cohorts with extremely contrasting socioeconomic profiles. Follow-up data (2004-2005) from cohorts of Ribeirão Preto (RP) (n=790) and São Luís (SL) (n=673) were evaluated. Delay in dental visit was defined as not visiting a dentist before the age of 7. Covariates included family socioeconomic characteristics, mother-related health behavior, and child-related characteristics. Prevalence ratios with robust standard errors were estimated. In both cohorts, less than 5% of children had visited a dentist before the age of two and about 35% of them had not visited a dentist before the age of seven. Lower mother’s schooling and lack of private health insurance were associated with the delay in first dental visit for both cohorts. A small number of mother's prenatal care visits and being from a single-father family or a family without parents were only associated in the RP cohort, while having ≥4 siblings and lifetime dental pain were associated in the SL cohort. The association with dental pain probably reveals a preventive care-seeking behavior. Therefore, the percentage of delayed first dental visit of children was very high even among those with the most educated mothers. Further studies are necessary to analyze recent changes and underlying factors related to access to first dental visit after the implementation of the National Oral Health Policy in 2006.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317584.v1
title: Socio-environmental determinants of the delay in the first dental visit: results of two population-based cohort studies in Brazil

description: The objective of this study was to describe the timing of the first dental visit and investigate the association of socioeconomic and behavioral factors with dental visit delay among 10/11-year-old children from two live-birth population cohorts with extremely contrasting socioeconomic profiles. Follow-up data (2004-2005) from cohorts of Ribeirão Preto (RP) (n=790) and São Luís (SL) (n=673) were evaluated. Delay in dental visit was defined as not visiting a dentist before the age of 7. Covariates included family socioeconomic characteristics, mother-related health behavior, and child-related characteristics. Prevalence ratios with robust standard errors were estimated. In both cohorts, less than 5% of children had visited a dentist before the age of two and about 35% of them had not visited a dentist before the age of seven. Lower mother’s schooling and lack of private health insurance were associated with the delay in first dental visit for both cohorts. A small number of mother's prenatal care visits and being from a single-father family or a family without parents were only associated in the RP cohort, while having ≥4 siblings and lifetime dental pain were associated in the SL cohort. The association with dental pain probably reveals a preventive care-seeking behavior. Therefore, the percentage of delayed first dental visit of children was very high even among those with the most educated mothers. Further studies are necessary to analyze recent changes and underlying factors related to access to first dental visit after the implementation of the National Oral Health Policy in 2006.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317589.v1
title: Determinants of the introduction of early complementary feeding before and after the third month of life: a multinomial analysis

description: The introduction of early complementary feeding (ECF) is determined by different factors depending on when it occurs. The objective of this study was to analyze factors associated with the introduction of ECF in two different moments of the infant's life: from zero to three and from four to five months of age. A cohort with 3,306 dyads studied in the BRISA survey in São Luis/MA in 2010 was used. Questionnaires were applied at birth and at follow-up when the infants were 15 to 36 months of age of women with more than 20 weeks of gestational age, residing in this municipality. A multivariate model of multinomial logistic regression was used to verify associations between independent variables and ECF at 0 to 3 months and at 4 to 5 months of age. A hierarchical analysis model was used to select variables for confounding adjustment. Variables with a P-value &lt;0.05 were considered significant. For ECF introduced between 0-3 months, the variables “use of pacifier”, “maternal paid activity”, “smoking”, and “postpartum pregnancy” were identified as risk factors. The variables “use of pacifier” and “maternal paid activity” remained associated as a risk for ECF introduced from 4-5 months. The variable ‘mother without partner’ (RR=1.26 and P=0.04) represented a risk factor for ECF only for the 4-5 months period. Although each period presented specific risk factors, the use of pacifier and maternal professional activity were associated in the two periods studied, indicating their importance for the introduction of ECF.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317589
title: Determinants of the introduction of early complementary feeding before and after the third month of life: a multinomial analysis

description: The introduction of early complementary feeding (ECF) is determined by different factors depending on when it occurs. The objective of this study was to analyze factors associated with the introduction of ECF in two different moments of the infant's life: from zero to three and from four to five months of age. A cohort with 3,306 dyads studied in the BRISA survey in São Luis/MA in 2010 was used. Questionnaires were applied at birth and at follow-up when the infants were 15 to 36 months of age of women with more than 20 weeks of gestational age, residing in this municipality. A multivariate model of multinomial logistic regression was used to verify associations between independent variables and ECF at 0 to 3 months and at 4 to 5 months of age. A hierarchical analysis model was used to select variables for confounding adjustment. Variables with a P-value &lt;0.05 were considered significant. For ECF introduced between 0-3 months, the variables “use of pacifier”, “maternal paid activity”, “smoking”, and “postpartum pregnancy” were identified as risk factors. The variables “use of pacifier” and “maternal paid activity” remained associated as a risk for ECF introduced from 4-5 months. The variable ‘mother without partner’ (RR=1.26 and P=0.04) represented a risk factor for ECF only for the 4-5 months period. Although each period presented specific risk factors, the use of pacifier and maternal professional activity were associated in the two periods studied, indicating their importance for the introduction of ECF.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317593
title: Uterine vascular resistance and other maternal factors associated with the risk of developing hypertension during pregnancy

description: Gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia are important causes of perinatal morbidity. The objective of the present study was to determine the increase in relative risk for developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy based on the evaluation of pregnant women between 20 and 25 weeks of gestation, and to correlate the findings at this period with the outcome of pregnancy. We conducted a prospective cohort study, with a convenience sample of 1417 patients evaluated at this gestational age, of which 1306 were contacted at childbirth. We detected an increased relative risk of 2.69 (95%CI: 1.86 to 3.89) associated with pulsatility index of the uterine arteries, a 2.8 increase (95%CI: 1.58 to 5.03) in relative risk attributed to maternal age above 35 years, a 1.68 increase (95%CI: 1.17 to 2.40) attributed to parity greater than or equal to 3, and a 5.35 increase (95%CI: 4.18 to 6.85) attributed to chronic hypertension and obesity, with a progressive increase in relative risk according to the degree of overweight, i.e., grades 1, 2, 3, and morbid obesity (2.58, 3.06, 5.84, and 7.28, respectively).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14317593.v1
title: Uterine vascular resistance and other maternal factors associated with the risk of developing hypertension during pregnancy

description: Gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia are important causes of perinatal morbidity. The objective of the present study was to determine the increase in relative risk for developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy based on the evaluation of pregnant women between 20 and 25 weeks of gestation, and to correlate the findings at this period with the outcome of pregnancy. We conducted a prospective cohort study, with a convenience sample of 1417 patients evaluated at this gestational age, of which 1306 were contacted at childbirth. We detected an increased relative risk of 2.69 (95%CI: 1.86 to 3.89) associated with pulsatility index of the uterine arteries, a 2.8 increase (95%CI: 1.58 to 5.03) in relative risk attributed to maternal age above 35 years, a 1.68 increase (95%CI: 1.17 to 2.40) attributed to parity greater than or equal to 3, and a 5.35 increase (95%CI: 4.18 to 6.85) attributed to chronic hypertension and obesity, with a progressive increase in relative risk according to the degree of overweight, i.e., grades 1, 2, 3, and morbid obesity (2.58, 3.06, 5.84, and 7.28, respectively).