cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48443/t8a4-vk69
title: Digital hemispheric photos of plot vegetation (DP1.10017.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution field data and 180 degree hemispherical images that enable ground-based calculation of Leaf Area Index (LAI) and/or Plant Area Index (PAI). For forests, both upward-facing photos of canopy vegetation, and photos of understory vegetation are collected. For shorter-stature ecosystems, only downward-facing images of 'understory' vegetation are collected, where 'understory' is defined to include all vegetation. Photos are acquired with a full-frame DSLR camera equipped with a fisheye lens, and are provided in RAW image format. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

dhp_perimagefile:  60

dhp_perplot:  60
description: Digital Hemispheric Photos (DHPs) of plot vegetation are collected every five years from twenty randomly selected Distributed Plots, and collection from these plots is timed such that DHPs are acquired within a one month window that also includes a NEON AOP remote-sensing flight over the site. Ground collection of DHPs and the AOP flight are both timed to co-occur with the window of peak greenness according to a 10 year average of the MODIS-EVI greenness index. To better frame the window of peak green in a given year, DHPs are also collected from three Tower Plots on a two week interval, from leaf-out to senescence. Within each plot, photo points are arranged according to the shape of a square cross, oriented in alignment with the cardinal axes, and with points spaced every 4 meters. At each photo point within the plot, photos of understory vegetation are acquired, with 'understory' defined as vegetation typically less than 2 meters height. In grasslands and scrublands, the understory is therefore the only vegetation photographed. When an overstory is present, i.e. vegetation greater than 2 meters height, photographs of overstory are also acquired at each photo point. Overstory images are typically acquired in the crepuscular hours of the day, when direct sunlight is not illuminating the foliage, and may also be acquired when it is overcast such that the sun does not cast a shadow. Understory images are typically acquired during daylight hours. Instrumentation: Full-frame Nikon DSLR (D750/D800/D810 model) equipped with a 16 mm Nikkor full-frame fisheye lens
DOI: 10.48443/c7s3-nw69
title: Ground beetle sequences DNA barcode (DP1.10020.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled laboratory metadata and QA results for NEON's cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcoding of ground beetles sequences. The DNA barcoding procedure involves the removal of tissue, extracting and sequencing DNA from the tissue, and matching that sequence data to sequences from previously identified voucher specimens. DNA analysis serves a number of purposes, including verification of taxonomy of specimens that do not receive expert identification, clarification of the taxonomy of rare or cryptic species, and characterization of diversity using molecular markers. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage. Queries for this data product will return metadata tables formatted for submission to the Barcode of Life Database. These queries will also provide links to the actual sequence data, which are publicly available on the [Barcode of Life Data System](http://www.boldsystems.org/) (BOLD) website. The sequence data can be obtained by following the links from the NEON data portal, or by directly querying NEON data sets on the BOLD server. From the NEON portal, the link "BOLD Project: Ground beetle sequences DNA barcode" redirects to a page on the BOLD public data portal for the queried data. This is a dynamic link and will automatically update based on the user query.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

bet_BOLDcollectionData:  614

bet_BOLDspecimenDetails:  614

bet_BOLDtaxonomy:  614

bet_BOLDvoucherInfo:  614
description: Ground beetle legs are subsampled from individual specimens collected as part of the Ground beetles sampled from pitfall traps (DP1.10022.001) data product. Up to 10 individuals per species per site for a total of up to 95 individuals per site per year are selected for barcoding. Beetles that are rare, particularly difficult to identify, or poorly represented in previous collection events are prioritized for DNA sequencing. Only beetle specimens that have been identified by an expert taxonomist are eligible for DNA barcoding.  Leg tissue is preserved in an appropriate tissue vial and shipped to an external lab, where DNA is extracted and target sequences amplified via PCR. Barcodes of cytochrome oxidase I are generated per specimen. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/3v35-v852
title: Ground beetles sampled from pitfall traps (DP1.10022.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's ground beetle sampling and specimen processing protocols. Ground beetle abundance and diversity are sampled via pitfall trapping at regular intervals by NEON field technicians at core and relocatable sites. Following trap collection, all beetles from the family Carabidae are sorted by NEON technicians and identified to species or morphospecies. A subset of collected Carabidae are pointed or pinned, while other specimens (non-pinned/non-pointed carabids, invertebrate bycatch, and vertebrate bycatch) are stored in 95% ethanol for archiving, and may be pooled into a single archive vial per plot. Regardless of storage method, all collections data are reported at a per trap resolution. A subset of pinned ground beetles (up to 467 per site per year) are sent to an expert taxonomist for secondary identification. Identifications performed on these individuals may be used to estimate uncertainty in parataxonomist identification by NEON technicians.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

bet_archivepooling:  330

bet_expertTaxonomistIDProcessed:  600

bet_expertTaxonomistIDRaw:  600

bet_fielddata:  75

bet_parataxonomistID:  330

bet_sorting:  330
description: Ground beetles are sampled using pitfall traps (16 oz deli containers filled with 150 or 250 mL of propylene glycol). Multiple traps are deployed in each of 10 plots at each terrestrial NEON site (from 2013-2017, 40 traps per site; 2018-present, 30 traps per site), with traps arrayed approximately 20 meters from the center of the plot in one of the four cardinal directions. Sampling occurs biweekly throughout the growing season (when temperatures are above 4 degrees C). Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/kbnv-bz87
title: Herbaceous clip harvest (DP1.10023.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's Herbaceous biomass clip harvest sampling. Herbaceous vegetation is operationally defined in this protocol as non-woody plants (i.e. grasses, sedges, forbs, some bryophytes, and non-woody vines such as Convolvulus spp. and certain Rubus spp.), as well as woody-stemmed plants with diameter at decimeter height (ddh) < 1 cm at the time of sampling. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

hbp_massdata:  60

hbp_perbout:  60
description: Clip-harvest of herbaceous biomass occurs within randomly located clip-harvest strips in 20m x 20m plots or subplots. Up to 20 non-forested Distributed plots (containing 1 clip strip per plot) and up to 30 Tower plots (containing 1-4 clip strips per plot) are sampled at each site. Tower plots are sampled every year. Tower plots at ungrazed sites are sampled once per year if there is a single annual biomass peak, and twice at sites with two biomass peaks per year in order to capture both warm season and cool season production. At grazed sites, sampling in Tower plots occurs once every 4 or 8 weeks while livestock are present. Distributed plots are sampled once every 5 years. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/gf8z-g297
title: Litterfall and fine woody debris production and chemistry (DP1.10033.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's Litterfall and fine woody debris sampling. Litter is defined as material that is dropped from the forest canopy and has a butt end diameter <2cm and a length <50 cm; this material is collected in elevated 0.5m2 PVC traps. Fine woody debris is defined as material that is dropped from the forest canopy and has a butt end diameter <2cm and a length >50 cm; this material is collected in ground traps as longer material is not reliably collected by the elevated traps. Following field collection, each sample is sorted by functional group, dried and weighed. After sorting litter by functional group, material from elevated traps from select bouts is sent for chemical analysis, with excess material archived in the NEON Biorepository and available upon request. For additional details, see the user guides, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section below. Products resulting from this sampling include mass of litterfall and fine woody debris by functional group as well as litter chemistry and stable isotope ratios. Summary tables of external lab precision and accuracy are included in the expanded package.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guides for more information.

bgc\_CNiso\_externalSummary: 30

lig_externalSummary: 30

ltr_chemistrySubsampling: 60

ltr_fielddata: 60

ltr_litterCarbonNitrogen: 270

ltr_litterLignin: 180

ltr_massdata: 60

ltr_pertrap: 30
description: Each qualifying tower plot in forested ecosystems has 0-2 elevated traps and 1-2 ground traps deployed. Ground traps are sampled annually. Sampling interval of elevated litter traps is variable by dominant overstory vegetation. Deciduous forests are sampled once in the spring then multiple times during fall senescence; evergreen and coniferous forests are sampled year round at monthly intervals. Traps are consistent with those used by the Smithsonian Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS). Mass data for each collection event are measured separately for functional groups: Leaves, Needles, Twigs/branches, Woody material, Seeds, Flowers (which includes other non-woody reproductive structures), and Other. Any material that cannot be sorted due to time or resource constraints is categorized as Mixed (unsorted). Once every five years, material from elevated traps from a single collection event are analyzed for carbon and nitrogen concentrations and stable isotopes as well as lignin concentrations. Prior to 2022, only leaf and needle materials were analyzed. Starting in 2022, all functional group material is measured for chemistry, though the non-leaf and needle groups use a pooled site-level sample. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/zfzk-v965
title: Mosquito sequences DNA barcode (DP1.10038.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled laboratory metadata and QA results for NEON's cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcoding of mosquito sequences. The DNA barcoding procedure involves the removal of leg tissue from pinned specimens, extracting and sequencing DNA from the tissue, and matching that sequence data to sequences from previously identified voucher specimens. DNA analysis serves a number of purposes, including verification of taxonomy of specimens that do not receive expert identification, clarification of the taxonomy of rare or cryptic species, and characterization of diversity using molecular markers. For additional details on mosquito collection, see protocol [NEON.DOC.014049](http://data.neonscience.org/api/v0/documents/NEON.DOC.014049vH): TOS Protocol and Procedure: Mosquito Sampling and science design [NEON.DOC.000908](http://data.neonscience.org/api/v0/documents/NEON.DOC.NEON.DOC.000908vA): TOS Science Design for Terrestrial Microbial Diversity. Queries for this data product will return metadata tables formatted for submission to the Barcode of Life Database. These queries will also provide links to the actual sequence data, which are publicly available on the [Barcode of Life Data System](http://www.boldsystems.org/) (BOLD) website. The sequence data can be obtained by following the links from the NEON data portal, or by directly querying NEON data sets on the BOLD server. From the NEON portal, the link "BOLD Project: Mosquito sequences DNA barcode" redirects to a page on the BOLD public data portal for the queried data. This is a dynamic link and will automatically update based on the user query.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

mos_BOLDcollectionData:  255

mos_BOLDspecimenDetails:  255

mos_BOLDtaxonomy:  255

mos_BOLDvoucherInfo:  255
description: Mosquito legs will be collected from up to 10 individuals per species per domain. These tissues will be preserved in an appropriate tissue vial and up to 95 tissue samples per domain will be shipped to an external lab. DNA will be extracted and target sequences amplified via PCR. Barcodes of cytochrome oxidase I will be generated per specimen. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/bxnk-jb11
title: Mosquitoes sampled from CO2 traps (DP1.10043.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's mosquito sampling protocol. Mosquito abundance and diversity are sampled at regular intervals by NEON field technicians at all terrestrial sites. For additional details on protocol, see the TOS Protocol and Procedure: Mosquito Sampling. Following collection, all samples are sent to a professional taxonomist who determines the species composition and sex of mosquitoes from a representative subsample. Identified mosquitoes are then processed for pathogen analysis or preserved for final archiving. Products resulting from this sampling and processing include: records of when mosquitoes were sampled, taxonomic and abundance data for a subset of mosquitoes captured, and information about the material archived from the sample. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency: The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

mos_archivepooling: 360

mos_barcoding: 420

mos_expertTaxonomistIDProcessed: 240

mos_expertTaxonomistIDRaw: 240

mos_sorting: 240

mos_subsampling: 360

mos_trapping: 30
description: When adult mosquitoes are active, sampling occurs (via CDC light traps) every two weeks at core sites and every four weeks at relocatable sites. Before 2018, a sampling bout consisted of two trapping nights and the intervening day for up to ten plots per site. Beginning in 2018, a sampling bout consists of approximately 24 hours of trapping (one night and one daytime interval) at up to ten plots per site. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/11m1-9043
title: Plant phenology observations (DP1.10055.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from in-situ observations of plant leaf development and reproductive phenophases, at each of NEON's terrestrial sites. Phenophase status and intensity definitions follow those of the USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN).  Status and intensity data are reported per phenophase per individual or patch, for each day observed. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

phe_perindividual:  30

phe_perindividualperyear:  30

phe_statusintensity:  30
description: 90-100 individual plants or plant patches are monitored at each site. Individuals of 3 dominant species at each site are targeted for monitoring during initial operations After which the pool of species monitored may expand up to 20 species. Sampling intervals at sites with clear seasonal patterns varies based on plant activitiy, ranging from 2-3x weekly during periods of rapid phenological transition to much less frequently during other times of year. Sites with less defined growing season are monitored year-round at weekly intervals. NEON employs status-based monitoring in which the phenological condition of an individual is reported any time that individual is observed. Depending on the growth form, an individual may have between 1 and 7 phenophases reported per observation event. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/9579-a253
title: Plant presence and percent cover (DP1.10058.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's plant diversity sampling. The presence and percent cover of species is documented in square, multi-scale plots. The presence and percent cover of plant species and ground cover is observed in six 1m2 subplots per plot. The presence of species is observed in six 10m2 subplots and four 100m2 subplots per plot, which can be combined for a list of species at the 400m2 plot scale. For additional details, see the data product user guide, protocol, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency: The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

div_10m2Data100m2Data:  135

div_1m2Data:  135

div_geneticarchive:  120

div_voucher:  215
description: Up to thirty Distributed Plots and three Tower Plots are measured at each site. Plots are sampled annually at most sites to correspond with peak greenness, and twice a year at select sites with bimodal peaks in greenness and species composition. The multi-scale plot design is consistent with methods of the Carolina Vegetation Project. The files provided with this data product also include records of plant vouchers and foliar tissue for analyses by the ecological community that are stored at external archives, and a table to facilitate the resolution of species not identified when encountered in the field during observation and data entry. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/584d-hn85
title: Root biomass and chemistry, Megapit (DP1.10066.001)
title: RELEASE-2023

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's belowground plant biomass stock and chemistry measurements from Megapits. Soil samples were collected at 10 cm depth increments to the first 100 cm below the surface, then 20 cm depth increments thereafter, along three vertical profiles from a single temporary soil pit at a location expected to be representative of NEON sensor-based soil plots. This sampling activity is expected to occur once at each NEON terrestrial site. Root material is sorted, dried, weighed, and analyzed, then any excess root sample material is archived in the NEON Biorepository and are available on request. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section below. Products resulting from this sampling include root biomass by size class and live/dead status, as well as root chemistry and stable isotope ratios. A summary table of external lab precision and accuracy is included in the expanded package.

Latency:
Data were collected once, at the establishment of each site. Data were published within one year of collection, and future collections at existing sites are not expected.
description: Each site is sampled a single time. At each site, a soil Megapit is dug in the dominant soil type to a maximum depth of 2 m. On the exposed face of the soil pit, a tape measure visually divides the soil profile into 10 cm depth increments. Each soil pit has three vertically-oriented sampling profiles, roughly corresponding to the left, center, and right of the pit sampling face. These profiles are referred to as profile number 1, 2 and 3, respectively. From each profile, a block of soil is removed from each 10 cm depth increment, starting from the surface down to 100 cm. Once a depth of 100 cm is reached, the each profile is divided into 20 cm depth increments. By the end of sampling, up to 45 soil samples are collected, 15 per profile. Roots are sieved and then divided into four categories distinguishing between status (alive or dead) and size (> 2mm and < 2 mm, unless otherwise noted). Once roots are weighed and dried, they are sent to an external laboratory for analysis of carbon and nitrogen concentrations and stable isotopes. Any remaining root material is held in the NEON Biorepository and available upon request. Instrumentation: