cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127566
title: Nutritional potential of bamboo leaves for feeding dairy cattle

description: ABSTRACT Feed shortage during the dry season in the highlands of Madagascar negatively impacts the dairy cattle productivity, as well as the farmers’ income. Bamboo can produce a high quantity of biomass and could be an alternative way to increase the fodder supply for cattle. The present study aimed to assess the compositional information and the optimal rate of bamboo as fodder for dairy cattle. Leaf samples from nine bamboo species were collected to determine their chemical composition and nutritive value. A feeding experiment was also conducted using ten dairy cows, over ten weeks. Bamboo leaves were mixed with maize silage in five proportions: SIL0:BAM100, SIL25:BAM75, SIL50:BAM50, SIL75:BAM25 and SIL100:BAM0. The contents of dry matter, total ash and crude protein in the bamboo leaves were, respectively, 44.5-64.6 %, 6.68-18.5 % and 7.71-15.4 %. In the feeding trial, the dry matter intake of bamboo leaves was 1.6-7.1 kg per day, with an average of 4.8 kg per day. The dry matter apparent digestibility of bamboo leaves was 37.4-56.4 %. The milk production reached 13.6-14.4 L per cow, per day, but there was no significant difference concerning the rate of bamboo leaves in the mixed diet (p &gt; 0.05). The introduction of bamboo leaves into the ruminants diet did not affect their milk production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127566.v1
title: Nutritional potential of bamboo leaves for feeding dairy cattle

description: ABSTRACT Feed shortage during the dry season in the highlands of Madagascar negatively impacts the dairy cattle productivity, as well as the farmers’ income. Bamboo can produce a high quantity of biomass and could be an alternative way to increase the fodder supply for cattle. The present study aimed to assess the compositional information and the optimal rate of bamboo as fodder for dairy cattle. Leaf samples from nine bamboo species were collected to determine their chemical composition and nutritive value. A feeding experiment was also conducted using ten dairy cows, over ten weeks. Bamboo leaves were mixed with maize silage in five proportions: SIL0:BAM100, SIL25:BAM75, SIL50:BAM50, SIL75:BAM25 and SIL100:BAM0. The contents of dry matter, total ash and crude protein in the bamboo leaves were, respectively, 44.5-64.6 %, 6.68-18.5 % and 7.71-15.4 %. In the feeding trial, the dry matter intake of bamboo leaves was 1.6-7.1 kg per day, with an average of 4.8 kg per day. The dry matter apparent digestibility of bamboo leaves was 37.4-56.4 %. The milk production reached 13.6-14.4 L per cow, per day, but there was no significant difference concerning the rate of bamboo leaves in the mixed diet (p &gt; 0.05). The introduction of bamboo leaves into the ruminants diet did not affect their milk production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127563
title: Retinopathy of prematurity: analysis of a damage reduction attempt

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of an oxygen saturation reduction protocol used to supplement preterm newborns (PTNB) hospitalized in a neonatal ICU to prevent the onset of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: This is a cohort study performed in a single Neonatal ICU. The first group (pre-protocol, n = 30) used oxygen with hemoglobin saturation &gt; 95%. Since the institution of a new oxygen therapy protocol that maintained hemoglobin saturation between 90% and 95%, the second group was obtained (post-protocol n = 28). All included preterm infants had a gestational age of less than or equal to 32 weeks and / or birth weight of 1500 g or less, retinal mappings from 28 days of life and follow up for up to 45 weeks of corrected gestational age. Results: 58 cases were studied, excluding those who died (15/58; 26.8%), ROP was diagnosed in 15/43 patients (34.9%). The lower gestational age significantly influenced the appearance of ROP (p = 0.002). Regarding the number of ROP cases and deaths, no statistically significant difference was observed between groups. Oxygen therapy time was significantly associated with the presence of ROP in both groups. Boys were six times more affected by ROP than girls. Conclusion: Reduction of oxygen saturation was not effective in reducing the number of cases of ROP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127563.v1
title: Retinopathy of prematurity: analysis of a damage reduction attempt

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of an oxygen saturation reduction protocol used to supplement preterm newborns (PTNB) hospitalized in a neonatal ICU to prevent the onset of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: This is a cohort study performed in a single Neonatal ICU. The first group (pre-protocol, n = 30) used oxygen with hemoglobin saturation &gt; 95%. Since the institution of a new oxygen therapy protocol that maintained hemoglobin saturation between 90% and 95%, the second group was obtained (post-protocol n = 28). All included preterm infants had a gestational age of less than or equal to 32 weeks and / or birth weight of 1500 g or less, retinal mappings from 28 days of life and follow up for up to 45 weeks of corrected gestational age. Results: 58 cases were studied, excluding those who died (15/58; 26.8%), ROP was diagnosed in 15/43 patients (34.9%). The lower gestational age significantly influenced the appearance of ROP (p = 0.002). Regarding the number of ROP cases and deaths, no statistically significant difference was observed between groups. Oxygen therapy time was significantly associated with the presence of ROP in both groups. Boys were six times more affected by ROP than girls. Conclusion: Reduction of oxygen saturation was not effective in reducing the number of cases of ROP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127560
title: Lairage time effect on meat quality in Hereford steers in rangeland conditions

description: ABSTRACT This study evaluated lairage time effects on carcass and meat quality traits of Hereford steers. Thirty Hereford steers fed on pasture were assigned to two treatments according to lairage time: 3 h (n = 15) and 12 h (n = 15). Individual temperament was assessed using crush score and flight speed. pH decline, glycogen content, meat color, and shear force were measured. pH was not different between treatments at any time point, showing a normal decline rate. Meat color and shear force did not differ between treatments, but muscle glycogen was lower in treatment with 3 h, not enough to affect quality but suggesting a higher level of stress in 3 h lairage time. Temperament did not have any impact on carcass and meat quality traits. No differences were found in pH, color, and tenderness between treatments, but the lower muscle glycogen concentrations for the shorter lairage suggest a higher risk regarding meat quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127560.v1
title: Lairage time effect on meat quality in Hereford steers in rangeland conditions

description: ABSTRACT This study evaluated lairage time effects on carcass and meat quality traits of Hereford steers. Thirty Hereford steers fed on pasture were assigned to two treatments according to lairage time: 3 h (n = 15) and 12 h (n = 15). Individual temperament was assessed using crush score and flight speed. pH decline, glycogen content, meat color, and shear force were measured. pH was not different between treatments at any time point, showing a normal decline rate. Meat color and shear force did not differ between treatments, but muscle glycogen was lower in treatment with 3 h, not enough to affect quality but suggesting a higher level of stress in 3 h lairage time. Temperament did not have any impact on carcass and meat quality traits. No differences were found in pH, color, and tenderness between treatments, but the lower muscle glycogen concentrations for the shorter lairage suggest a higher risk regarding meat quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127554
title: Different cooking styles enhance antioxidant properties and carotenoids of biofortified pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch) genotypes

description: Abstract Biofortification is an important technique where the nutritional quality of food crops is enriched through the increase of nutrient content. Provitamin A deficiency is still a public health concern mainly in developing countries. Since beta-carotene is a vitamin A precursor, the increase of this compound in foods through biofortification is a manner to reach people under hidden hunger condition. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of different cooking styles on carotenoids content and antioxidant activity of two different genotypes of biofortified Cucurbita moschata. In the present study, biofortified pumpkins submitted to different cooking conditions were assessed for antioxidant activity by ABTS, DPPH, β-carotene/linoleic acid systems and have polyphenols and carotenoids content compared. The cooking style affected the antioxidant activity. Pumpkins from genotype 1 showed high levels of carotenoids, α-carotene and all-E-β-carotene compared to samples from genotype 2. There was an increase of all carotenoids in both cooked pumpkins, and steam cooking showed the highest retention percentages. Steam cooking presented a higher percentage of carotenoid retention. Pumpkin consumption in developing countries, especially in the Northeast Brazil may be promoted to combat vitamin A deficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127554.v1
title: Different cooking styles enhance antioxidant properties and carotenoids of biofortified pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch) genotypes

description: Abstract Biofortification is an important technique where the nutritional quality of food crops is enriched through the increase of nutrient content. Provitamin A deficiency is still a public health concern mainly in developing countries. Since beta-carotene is a vitamin A precursor, the increase of this compound in foods through biofortification is a manner to reach people under hidden hunger condition. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of different cooking styles on carotenoids content and antioxidant activity of two different genotypes of biofortified Cucurbita moschata. In the present study, biofortified pumpkins submitted to different cooking conditions were assessed for antioxidant activity by ABTS, DPPH, β-carotene/linoleic acid systems and have polyphenols and carotenoids content compared. The cooking style affected the antioxidant activity. Pumpkins from genotype 1 showed high levels of carotenoids, α-carotene and all-E-β-carotene compared to samples from genotype 2. There was an increase of all carotenoids in both cooked pumpkins, and steam cooking showed the highest retention percentages. Steam cooking presented a higher percentage of carotenoid retention. Pumpkin consumption in developing countries, especially in the Northeast Brazil may be promoted to combat vitamin A deficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127551
title: Effect of ultrasound on different quality parameters of functional sirkencubin syrup

description: Abstract Ultrasound is a process studied intensively for different products due to the increasing interest in non-thermal technologies. Sirkencubin syrup contains honey and vinegar and is a functional beverage maintaining health. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the ultrasound process (pH, titratable acidity, brix, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidants, total sugar, HMF, sensory evaluation andmicrobiological) on ultrasonic and functional sirkencubin syrup. Ultrasound treatments (26 kHz frequency, 60% amplitude, all samples 200 mL, 80 W power) with different times (2, 5, 8, 10 and 15 minutes) were applied using an ultrasonic processor. The increase in ultrasound time increased most bioactive compounds compared to control samples (untreated). Significant decreases in microbiological load were also recorded. The results of this study show that the ultrasound process can be used as a suitable technique for processing sirkencubin syrup by increasing the bioactive compounds and maintaining safety and quality standards with general acceptance by panelists.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127551.v1
title: Effect of ultrasound on different quality parameters of functional sirkencubin syrup

description: Abstract Ultrasound is a process studied intensively for different products due to the increasing interest in non-thermal technologies. Sirkencubin syrup contains honey and vinegar and is a functional beverage maintaining health. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the ultrasound process (pH, titratable acidity, brix, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidants, total sugar, HMF, sensory evaluation andmicrobiological) on ultrasonic and functional sirkencubin syrup. Ultrasound treatments (26 kHz frequency, 60% amplitude, all samples 200 mL, 80 W power) with different times (2, 5, 8, 10 and 15 minutes) were applied using an ultrasonic processor. The increase in ultrasound time increased most bioactive compounds compared to control samples (untreated). Significant decreases in microbiological load were also recorded. The results of this study show that the ultrasound process can be used as a suitable technique for processing sirkencubin syrup by increasing the bioactive compounds and maintaining safety and quality standards with general acceptance by panelists.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127548
title: Evaluation and screening of visual acuity in early childhood schoolchildren

description: Abstract Objective: To identify the incidence of visual impairment in 5-year-old children in public schools from Curitiba-PR. Methods: A selection of schools has been choosen randomly from Curitiba. The children, with completed 5 years at end of 2017 have been evaluated using Snellen table, trough minimum distance for image sharpness and Hirschberg test. Parents answered a questionnaire about the use of screens, ocular symptoms and family history of the child. Significance levels were defines as begin p≤0,05. Results: The results have shown that four hundred fifty-nine children were screened. Two hundred nineteen are female (47,7%) and two hundred fourty (52,3%), male. From all screened patients, one hundred were refered to specialized oftalmic evaluation. After trial completing, has been attained a prevalence value of 10,7% for myopia, 17,6% of hyperopia and 0,9% of strabismus. Strong correlation between parents and children has been undiscovered (p&lt;0,05). From listed oftalmic complaints, headache (30,4%) and frown (10%) where most prevalent. Conclusion: It has been attained that the prevalence of visual acuity is 21,8%. The relation between visual acuity alteration and familiar history has been shown to be significant related. On the other side, the average time in front of television has been shown the only habit that has correlation with visual acuity reduction (p=0,028). Vision complaints, although very frequent, doesn't translate into increased probability of visual acuity alteration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127548.v1
title: Evaluation and screening of visual acuity in early childhood schoolchildren

description: Abstract Objective: To identify the incidence of visual impairment in 5-year-old children in public schools from Curitiba-PR. Methods: A selection of schools has been choosen randomly from Curitiba. The children, with completed 5 years at end of 2017 have been evaluated using Snellen table, trough minimum distance for image sharpness and Hirschberg test. Parents answered a questionnaire about the use of screens, ocular symptoms and family history of the child. Significance levels were defines as begin p≤0,05. Results: The results have shown that four hundred fifty-nine children were screened. Two hundred nineteen are female (47,7%) and two hundred fourty (52,3%), male. From all screened patients, one hundred were refered to specialized oftalmic evaluation. After trial completing, has been attained a prevalence value of 10,7% for myopia, 17,6% of hyperopia and 0,9% of strabismus. Strong correlation between parents and children has been undiscovered (p&lt;0,05). From listed oftalmic complaints, headache (30,4%) and frown (10%) where most prevalent. Conclusion: It has been attained that the prevalence of visual acuity is 21,8%. The relation between visual acuity alteration and familiar history has been shown to be significant related. On the other side, the average time in front of television has been shown the only habit that has correlation with visual acuity reduction (p=0,028). Vision complaints, although very frequent, doesn't translate into increased probability of visual acuity alteration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127542
title: Oxygen delivery, carbon dioxide removal, energy transfer to lungs and pulmonary hypertension behavior during venous-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: a mathematical modeling approach

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To describe (1) the energy transfer from the ventilator to the lungs, (2) the match between venous-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) oxygen transfer and patient oxygen consumption (VO2), (3) carbon dioxide removal with ECMO, and (4) the potential effect of systemic venous oxygenation on pulmonary artery pressure. Methods: Mathematical modeling approach with hypothetical scenarios using computer simulation. Results: The transition from protective ventilation to ultraprotective ventilation in a patient with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and a static respiratory compliance of 20mL/cm H2O reduced the energy transfer from the ventilator to the lungs from 35.3 to 2.6 joules/minute. A hypothetical patient, hyperdynamic and slightly anemic with VO2 = 200mL/minute, can reach an arterial oxygen saturation of 80%, while maintaining the match between the oxygen transfer by ECMO and the VO2 of the patient. Carbon dioxide is easily removed, and normal PaCO2 is easily reached. Venous blood oxygenation through the ECMO circuit may drive the PO2 stimulus of pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction to normal values. Conclusion: Ultraprotective ventilation largely reduces the energy transfer from the ventilator to the lungs. Severe hypoxemia on venous-venous-ECMO support may occur despite the matching between the oxygen transfer by ECMO and the VO2 of the patient. The normal range of PaCO2 is easy to reach. Venous-venous-ECMO support potentially relieves hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127542.v1
title: Oxygen delivery, carbon dioxide removal, energy transfer to lungs and pulmonary hypertension behavior during venous-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support: a mathematical modeling approach

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To describe (1) the energy transfer from the ventilator to the lungs, (2) the match between venous-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) oxygen transfer and patient oxygen consumption (VO2), (3) carbon dioxide removal with ECMO, and (4) the potential effect of systemic venous oxygenation on pulmonary artery pressure. Methods: Mathematical modeling approach with hypothetical scenarios using computer simulation. Results: The transition from protective ventilation to ultraprotective ventilation in a patient with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and a static respiratory compliance of 20mL/cm H2O reduced the energy transfer from the ventilator to the lungs from 35.3 to 2.6 joules/minute. A hypothetical patient, hyperdynamic and slightly anemic with VO2 = 200mL/minute, can reach an arterial oxygen saturation of 80%, while maintaining the match between the oxygen transfer by ECMO and the VO2 of the patient. Carbon dioxide is easily removed, and normal PaCO2 is easily reached. Venous blood oxygenation through the ECMO circuit may drive the PO2 stimulus of pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction to normal values. Conclusion: Ultraprotective ventilation largely reduces the energy transfer from the ventilator to the lungs. Severe hypoxemia on venous-venous-ECMO support may occur despite the matching between the oxygen transfer by ECMO and the VO2 of the patient. The normal range of PaCO2 is easy to reach. Venous-venous-ECMO support potentially relieves hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127539
title: Validation of chromogenic in situ hybridization reactions for DNA and RNA detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) is used alternatively to the traditional immunohistochemical methods for the diagnosis of infectious diseases in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples, since it presents high sensitivity and specificity. This type of sample undergoes several chemical modifications during histological processing, and both poor and excessive fixation can impair sample quality, making it difficult to obtain good results. In CISH, it is common to use positive samples as quality control for the reactions; however, this practice does not provide any information regarding the preservation of the genetic material, nor does it avoid false-negative results. Objective: The objective of this study was to validate the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (+) and (-), and ribonucleic acid (RNA) (+) and (-) control probes to be used as quality control for the samples, evaluating preservation of the genetic material. Materials and methods: Twelve histological sections were used (in quadruplicate, n = 48), prepared from a pool of tissues without microscopic changes related to infectious and/or inflammatory processes. The CISH protocol was conducted according to the manufacturer’s instructions, standardized under the conditions of our laboratory, using commercial DNA and RNA probes chemically linked to digoxigenin. Results and conclusion: Our results were very satisfactory, showing high reproducibility, accuracy, sensitivity and analytical specificity, high predictive values for positive and negative assays and with zero ratio of false-positive and false-negative results, allowing the validation of this reaction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127539.v1
title: Validation of chromogenic in situ hybridization reactions for DNA and RNA detection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) is used alternatively to the traditional immunohistochemical methods for the diagnosis of infectious diseases in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples, since it presents high sensitivity and specificity. This type of sample undergoes several chemical modifications during histological processing, and both poor and excessive fixation can impair sample quality, making it difficult to obtain good results. In CISH, it is common to use positive samples as quality control for the reactions; however, this practice does not provide any information regarding the preservation of the genetic material, nor does it avoid false-negative results. Objective: The objective of this study was to validate the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) (+) and (-), and ribonucleic acid (RNA) (+) and (-) control probes to be used as quality control for the samples, evaluating preservation of the genetic material. Materials and methods: Twelve histological sections were used (in quadruplicate, n = 48), prepared from a pool of tissues without microscopic changes related to infectious and/or inflammatory processes. The CISH protocol was conducted according to the manufacturer’s instructions, standardized under the conditions of our laboratory, using commercial DNA and RNA probes chemically linked to digoxigenin. Results and conclusion: Our results were very satisfactory, showing high reproducibility, accuracy, sensitivity and analytical specificity, high predictive values for positive and negative assays and with zero ratio of false-positive and false-negative results, allowing the validation of this reaction.