cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104471
title: Supplementary Material for: The «Protocole d’Examen Cognitif de la Personne Agée – Lausanne» (PECPA-L): A Cognitive Assessment Tool for the French-Speaking Elderly in Switzerland

description: <i>Objective:</i> The main objective of this study was to validate and normalize, in the French-speaking population of Switzerland, an empirically derived structured cognitive assessment scale for the elderly. <i>Method:</i> 237 healthy elderly and 115 elderly with mild-to-moderate dementia as well as a preliminary sample of 27 subjects with MCI, all community-dwelling, were assessed using the PECPA-L for its validation and normalization using Crohnbach’s alpha, rank comparisons, and AUROC measures. <i>Results:</i> The internal consistency of the PECPA-L was good (Crohnbach’s Alpha = 0.79). The discriminating power of the PECPA-L between the normal elderly and the mildly to moderately demented (AUROC = 0.940) and those with MCI (AUROC = 0.925) was high. Normal aging does not influence all cognitive domains equally; therefore, the subscores of the PECPA-L vary in their discriminating power between the normal and the demented elderly, with gnosis abilities having the least (AUROC = 0.719) and delayed memory performance having the highest (AUROC = 0.927) discriminating power. Normative data according to age and education are provided. <i>Conclusions:</i> The PECPA-L is a highly appropriate tool for the detection and documentation of early cognitive impairment in the French-speaking population in Switzerland while accounting for age and education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104483.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Sensitivity Analysis of Cost Factors for Various Therapy Options in the Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma

description: Background: In Germany, patients with relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma do not all receive the same treatment. In this study, 3 therapy regimens were analyzed which were considered to be similar. With the goal of determining the treatment option with the lowest direct costs whilst maintaining the same degree of effectiveness, a cost analysis model was established and applied by way of example to the existing illness constellation. Methods: The German doctors’ fee scale (Einheitlicher Bewertungsmaßstab, EBM) valid until 2005 served as the basis for the calculation of medical services within the scope of the present statutory health insurance guidelines. A virtual standard patient was constructed for the cost model and treated with the different therapy regimens. The incidences of individual adverse events described in literature served as the basis for the characterization of the average toxicity of the respective treatment methods. Result: The overall costs result from the sum of the treatment costs and the toxicity-related costs. The effect of additional interventions on the overall cost was also examined. Conclusion: Whereas the accompanying documentation of costs in clinical studies is organizationally complex and very tedious, the model applied here offers a reliable method of quantifying the costs of the different therapy regimens. It permits the comparison of different treatment alternatives, and it enables, by means of a cost variance analysis, the identification of cost drivers and less expensive measures within a therapy method.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104486.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Effectiveness, Safety and Cost-Effectiveness of Homeopathy in General Practice – Summarized Health Technology Assessment

description: Introduction: The Health Technology Assessment report on effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and appropriateness of homeopathy was compiled on behalf of the Swiss Federal Office for Public Health (BAG) within the framework of the ‘Program of Evaluation of Complementary Medicine (PEK)’. Materials and Methods: Databases accessible by Internet were systematically searched, complemented by manual search and contacts with experts, and evaluated according to internal and external validity criteria. Results: Many high-quality investigations of pre-clinical basic research proved homeopathic high-potencies inducing regulative and specific changes in cells or living organisms. 20 of 22 systematic reviews detected at least a trend in favor of homeopathy. In our estimation 5 studies yielded results indicating clear evidence for homeopathic therapy. The evaluation of 29 studies in the domain ‘Upper Respiratory Tract Infections/Allergic Reactions’ showed a positive overall result in favor of homeopathy. 6 out of 7 controlled studies were at least equivalent to conventional medical interventions. 8 out of 16 placebocontrolled studies were significant in favor of homeopathy. Swiss regulations grant a high degree of safety due to product and training requirements for homeopathic physicians. Applied properly, classical homeopathy has few side-effects and the use of high-potencies is free of toxic effects. A general health-economic statement about homeopathy cannot be made from the available data. Conclusion: Taking internal and external validity criteria into account, effectiveness of homeopathy can be supported by clinical evidence and professional and adequate application be regarded as safe. Reliable statements of cost-effectiveness are not available at the moment. External and model validity will have to be taken more strongly into consideration in future studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104465
title: Supplementary Material for: A 1.3-Mb interval map of equine homologs of HSA2

description: A comparative approach that utilizes information from more densely mapped or sequenced genomes is a proven and efficient means to increase our knowledge of the structure of the horse genome. Human chromosome 2 (HSA2), the second largest human chromosome, comprising 243 Mb, and containing 1246 known genes, corresponds to all or parts of three equine chromosomes. This report describes the assignment of 140 new markers (78 genes and 62 microsatellites) to the equine radiation hybrid (RH) map, and the anchoring of 24 of these markers to horse chromosomes by FISH. The updated equine RH maps for ECA6p, ECA15, and ECA18 resulting from this work have one, two, and three RH linkage groups, respectively, per chromosome/chromosome-arm. These maps have a three-fold increase in the number of mapped markers compared to previous maps of these chromosomes, and an increase in the average marker density to one marker per 1.3 Mb. Comparative maps of ECA6p, ECA15, and ECA18 with human, chimpanzee, dog, mouse, rat, and chicken genomes reveal blocks of conserved synteny across mammals and vertebrates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104477.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Paralogs of Genes Encoding Metal Resistance Proteins in <i>Cupriavidus metallidurans</i> Strain CH34

description: <i>Cupriavidus (Wautersia, Ralstonia, Alcaligenes) metallidurans </i>strain CH34is a well-studied example of a metal-resistant proteobacterium. Genome sequence analysis revealed the presence of a variety of paralogs of proteins that were previously shown to be involved in heavy metal resistance. Which advantage has <i>C. metallidurans</i> in maintaining all these paralogs during evolution? Paralogs investigated belong to the families RND (resistance nodulation cell division) or CHR (chromate resistance). The respective genes were localized by PCR either on one of the two native megaplasmids pMOL28 and pMOL30 of strain CH34, or on its chromosomal DNA. Gene expression was studied by real-time reverse transcriptase PCR and by reporter gene constructs. Genes found to be inducible were disrupted and their contribution to metal resistance measured. When two or three highly related genes were present, usually one was inducible by heavy metals while the other one or two were silent or constitutively expressed. This suggests that <i>C. metallidurans</i> CH34 carries a variety of no longer or not yet used genes that might serve as surplus material for further developments, an advantage that may compensate for the costs of maintaining these genes during evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104459
title: Supplementary Material for: A link between repetitive sequences and gene replication time

description: Genes display a wide range of replication times in S phase. In general, late replication is associated with transcriptionally repressive states and early replication with transcriptional competence. Rare examples of early-replicating repressive states have also been identified that are consistent with molecular evidence that repressive states are not all uniform in nature. Here we show that the replication times of over 4000 <i>Drosophila</i> genes correlate with the abundance of repetitive sequences in ∼200-kb regions flanking the genes. In particular, Satellite-Related sequences (SRs) and the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (CA)<sub>n</sub> and (ACTG)<sub>n</sub> were increasingly abundant in the regions flanking progressively later replicating genes, while (CATA)<sub>n</sub> repeats were more abundant around earlier replicating genes. These four sequences comprise less than 0.5% of the ‘euchromatic genome’ in <i>Drosophila</i>, yet they account for 5% of the variation of gene replication timing. Although the effect is not strong, it is broad: 99% of the genome is within the region of correlation of at least one of the above repeats. The role of SSRs and non-centromeric SRs in the genome is not known. We propose that SSRs and SRs foster transcriptionally repressive states throughout the genome in order to minimize spurious transcription.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104471.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The «Protocole d’Examen Cognitif de la Personne Agée – Lausanne» (PECPA-L): A Cognitive Assessment Tool for the French-Speaking Elderly in Switzerland

description: <i>Objective:</i> The main objective of this study was to validate and normalize, in the French-speaking population of Switzerland, an empirically derived structured cognitive assessment scale for the elderly. <i>Method:</i> 237 healthy elderly and 115 elderly with mild-to-moderate dementia as well as a preliminary sample of 27 subjects with MCI, all community-dwelling, were assessed using the PECPA-L for its validation and normalization using Crohnbach’s alpha, rank comparisons, and AUROC measures. <i>Results:</i> The internal consistency of the PECPA-L was good (Crohnbach’s Alpha = 0.79). The discriminating power of the PECPA-L between the normal elderly and the mildly to moderately demented (AUROC = 0.940) and those with MCI (AUROC = 0.925) was high. Normal aging does not influence all cognitive domains equally; therefore, the subscores of the PECPA-L vary in their discriminating power between the normal and the demented elderly, with gnosis abilities having the least (AUROC = 0.719) and delayed memory performance having the highest (AUROC = 0.927) discriminating power. Normative data according to age and education are provided. <i>Conclusions:</i> The PECPA-L is a highly appropriate tool for the detection and documentation of early cognitive impairment in the French-speaking population in Switzerland while accounting for age and education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104474.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Patient Recognition of and Response to Symptoms of TIA or Stroke

description: <i>Background and Purpose:</i> Campaigns within Australia and internationally have sought to increase awareness of the emergent nature of stroke. For these initiatives to be effective it is important to gather information about delay in seeking treatment and the reasons given for the delay by people with stroke. The purpose of this study was to examine delay in seeking treatment in people with an evolving stroke or TIA and identify clinical, behavioral and demographic factors that contributed to the delay. <i>Subjects and Methods:</i> During a 1-year period 150 participants were given the Response to Stroke Symptoms Questionnaire. The six domains included in the questionnaire were: (1) context in which the stroke occurred; (2) antecedents to symptoms; (3) affective response to symptoms; (4) behavioral response to symptoms; (5) cognitive response to symptoms; (6) the response of others to patient symptoms. <i>Results:</i> The median delay time from symptom onset to admission to hospital was 4.5 h. While 41% of participants delayed less than 3 h, more than 45% delayed greater than 6 h. Independent predictors of delay time included mode of arrival at hospital with those taking an ambulance having a median delay time of 2.7 h vs. 15.4 h for those arriving by private car (p = 0.04). Gender also predicted delay with women delaying longer (p = 0.001). The first response of others was also an independent predictor of delay time (p = 0.003) with those who called the emergency services number or took the patient to hospital resulting in the shortest patient delays. Finally, if the patient appraised their symptoms as serious they had a shorter delay time (p = 0.02). <i>Conclusions:</i> The message about the emergent nature of stroke may be helping to improve delay times. However, there are still many people who delay greater than 3 h after symptom onset. It is important to direct education programs to those with known risk factors for stroke and their families, who often make the decision to call an ambulance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104465.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: A 1.3-Mb interval map of equine homologs of HSA2

description: A comparative approach that utilizes information from more densely mapped or sequenced genomes is a proven and efficient means to increase our knowledge of the structure of the horse genome. Human chromosome 2 (HSA2), the second largest human chromosome, comprising 243 Mb, and containing 1246 known genes, corresponds to all or parts of three equine chromosomes. This report describes the assignment of 140 new markers (78 genes and 62 microsatellites) to the equine radiation hybrid (RH) map, and the anchoring of 24 of these markers to horse chromosomes by FISH. The updated equine RH maps for ECA6p, ECA15, and ECA18 resulting from this work have one, two, and three RH linkage groups, respectively, per chromosome/chromosome-arm. These maps have a three-fold increase in the number of mapped markers compared to previous maps of these chromosomes, and an increase in the average marker density to one marker per 1.3 Mb. Comparative maps of ECA6p, ECA15, and ECA18 with human, chimpanzee, dog, mouse, rat, and chicken genomes reveal blocks of conserved synteny across mammals and vertebrates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104447
title: Supplementary Material for: In silico Analysis of 2085 Clones from a Normalized Rat Vestibular Periphery 3′ cDNA Library

description: The inserts from 2400 cDNA clones isolated from a normalized <i>Rattus norvegicus</i> vestibular periphery cDNA library were sequenced and characterized. The Wackym-Soares vestibular 3′ cDNA library was constructed from the saccular and utricular maculae, the ampullae of all three semicircular canals and Scarpa’s ganglia containing the somata of the primary afferent neurons, microdissected from 104 male and female rats. The inserts from 2400 randomly selected clones were sequenced from the 5′ end. Each sequence was analyzed using the BLAST algorithm compared to the Genbank nonredundant, rat genome, mouse genome and human genome databases to search for high homology alignments. Of the initial 2400 clones, 315 (13%) were found to be of poor quality and did not yield useful information, and therefore were eliminated from the analysis. Of the remaining 2085 sequences, 918 (44%) were found to represent 758 unique genes having useful annotations that were identified in databases within the public domain or in the published literature; these sequences were designated as known characterized sequences. 1141 sequences (55%) aligned with 1011 unique sequences had no useful annotations and were designated as known but uncharacterized sequences. Of the remaining 26 sequences (1%), 24 aligned with rat genomic sequences, but none matched previously described rat expressed sequence tags or mRNAs. No significant alignment to the rat or human genomic sequences could be found for the remaining 2 sequences. Of the 2085 sequences analyzed, 86% were singletons. The known, characterized sequences were analyzed with the FatiGO online data-mining tool (http://fatigo.bioinfo.cnio.es/) to identify level 5 biological process gene ontology (GO) terms for each alignment and to group alignments with similar or identical GO terms. Numerous genes were identified that have not been previously shown to be expressed in the vestibular system. Further characterization of the novel cDNA sequences may lead to the identification of genes with vestibular-specific functions. Continued analysis of the rat vestibular periphery transcriptome should provide new insights into vestibular function and generate new hypotheses. Physiological studies are necessary to further elucidate the roles of the identified genes and novel sequences in vestibular function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104453
title: The probability of the wing damage in the dragonfly Sympetrum vulgatum (Anisoptera: Libellulidae): a field study (Suppl data)

description: This file contains the wings investigated in our "The probability of the wing damage in the dragonfly Sympetrum vulgatum (Anisoptera: Libellulidae): a field" study. Please, do not hesitate to contact me at harajabi@hotmail.com, if you have any question.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104456
title: Supplementary Material for: Intracranial Navigation Using a Novel Device for Endoscope Fixation and Targeting: Technical Innovation

description: Intracranial endoscopy involves point-to-point navigation: first, in the introduction of the endoscope into a cerebrospinal fluid-containing space and, second, in the identification of a target structure. We report testing and preliminary clinical use of a device for the direct cranial fixation and point-to-point neuronavigation of a rigid ventricular endoscope. An 18-month-old female child presented with rapidly progressive macrocephaly, developmental delay and left hemiparesis. Neuroimaging revealed a large suprasellar cyst and obstructive hydrocephalus. We adapted a ball-stem device with an endoscopic working channel for direct cranial fixation over a burr hole. This device was successfully used in conjunction with MR-based neuronavigation to fenestrate the cyst. Seven months after the operation her developmental delay, macrocephaly and hemiparesis resolved. This device may be particularly effective in cases of small ventricles, ambiguous intra-ventricular landmarks, and in children too young for head-holder immobilization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104459.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: A link between repetitive sequences and gene replication time

description: Genes display a wide range of replication times in S phase. In general, late replication is associated with transcriptionally repressive states and early replication with transcriptional competence. Rare examples of early-replicating repressive states have also been identified that are consistent with molecular evidence that repressive states are not all uniform in nature. Here we show that the replication times of over 4000 <i>Drosophila</i> genes correlate with the abundance of repetitive sequences in ∼200-kb regions flanking the genes. In particular, Satellite-Related sequences (SRs) and the simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (CA)<sub>n</sub> and (ACTG)<sub>n</sub> were increasingly abundant in the regions flanking progressively later replicating genes, while (CATA)<sub>n</sub> repeats were more abundant around earlier replicating genes. These four sequences comprise less than 0.5% of the ‘euchromatic genome’ in <i>Drosophila</i>, yet they account for 5% of the variation of gene replication timing. Although the effect is not strong, it is broad: 99% of the genome is within the region of correlation of at least one of the above repeats. The role of SSRs and non-centromeric SRs in the genome is not known. We propose that SSRs and SRs foster transcriptionally repressive states throughout the genome in order to minimize spurious transcription.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104438
title: Supplementary Material for: Phenotypic Characterization of Human Chondrocyte Cell Line C-20/A4: A Comparison between Monolayer and Alginate Suspension Culture

description: DNA microarray analysis was used to investigate the molecular phenotype of one of the first human chondrocyte cell lines, C-20/A4, derived from juvenile costal chondrocytes by immortalization with origin-defective simian virus 40 large T antigen. Clontech Human Cancer Arrays 1.2 and quantitative PCR were used to examine gene expression profiles of C-20/A4 cells cultured in the presence of serum in monolayer and alginate beads. In monolayer cultures, genes involved in cell proliferation were strongly upregulated compared to those expressed by human adult articular chondrocytes in primary culture. Of the cell cycle-regulated genes, only two, the CDK regulatory subunit and histone H4, were downregulated after culture in alginate beads, consistent with the ability of these cells to proliferate in suspension culture. In contrast, the expression of several genes that are involved in pericellular matrix formation, including MMP-14, COL6A1, fibronectin, biglycan and decorin, was upregulated when the C-20/A4 cells were transferred to suspension culture in alginate. Also, nexin-1, vimentin, and IGFBP-3, which are known to be expressed by primary chondrocytes, were differentially expressed in our study. Consistent with the proliferative phenotype of this cell line, few genes involved in matrix synthesis and turnover were highly expressed in the presence of serum. These results indicate that immortalized chondrocyte cell lines, rather than substituting for primary chondrocytes, may serve as models for extending findings on chondrocyte function not achievable by the use of primary chondrocytes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5104444
title: Supplementary Material for: The structures of mouse and human L1 elements reflect their insertion mechanism

description: L1 is an abundant, interspersed repeated DNA element of mammalian genomes. It has achieved its high copy number via retrotransposition. Like other non-LTR retrotransposons, L1 insertion into chromosomal DNA apparently occurs by target-site primed reverse transcription, or TPRT. L1 retrotransposition often generates elements with 5′ truncations that are flanked by a duplication of the genomic target site (TSD). It is typically assumed that the 5′ truncated elements are the consequence of poor processivity of the L1 reverse transcriptase. However, we find that the majority of young L1 elements from both the human and mouse genomes are truncated at sequences that can basepair with the target site. Thus, to whatever extent truncation is a consequence of poor processivity, we suggest that truncation is likely to occur when target site sequence can basepair with L1 sequence. This finding supports a model for insertion that occurs by two sequential TPRT reactions, the second of which relies upon the homology between the target site and L1. Because perfect heteroduplex formation is not required for all insertions, a dynamic relationship between the primer, template and enzyme during reverse transcription is inferred. 5′ truncation may be a successful evolutionary strategy that is exploited by L1 as a means to escape host suppression of transposition.