cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.316293
title: Current meter data at station ACM1_298 (CMDB code rcm02934)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.316294
title: Current meter data at station ACM1_298 (CMDB code rcm02935)
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206940
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge and reverse ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on reverse.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17585418
title: Self-Organized Electro-Plasmonic Resonator Model for Ball Lightning Phenomena

description: This repository contains the manuscript and supporting files for a quantitative model of ball lightning as an electro-plasmonic resonator. The work presents:

Analytical formulas for nanoparticle polarizability, effective medium permittivity, resonance conditions, stored energy, and radiative losses.

Representative numerical examples illustrating resonance wavelengths, linewidths, and quality factors (Q-factors) using realistic physical parameters.

A reproducible Python script (resonance_FWHM.py) that computes numerical resonance wavelengths, absorption-like peaks, FWHM, and Q-factors for metallic nanoparticles in a dielectric plasma environment.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.316295
title: Current meter data at station ACM1_299 (CMDB code rcm02937)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.316302
title: Current meter data at station ACM1_300 (CMDB code rcm02953)
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk0b
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17585417
title: Self-Organized Electro-Plasmonic Resonator Model for Ball Lightning Phenomena

description: This repository contains the manuscript and supporting files for a quantitative model of ball lightning as an electro-plasmonic resonator. The work presents:

Analytical formulas for nanoparticle polarizability, effective medium permittivity, resonance conditions, stored energy, and radiative losses.

Representative numerical examples illustrating resonance wavelengths, linewidths, and quality factors (Q-factors) using realistic physical parameters.

A reproducible Python script (resonance_FWHM.py) that computes numerical resonance wavelengths, absorption-like peaks, FWHM, and Q-factors for metallic nanoparticles in a dielectric plasma environment.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219253
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Volgograd
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.316296
title: Current meter data at station ACM1_299 (CMDB code rcm02942)
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110203678
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0000.110 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge, reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on all sides.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206932
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge and reverse ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on reverse.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.101424
title: Temperature measurements in firn drill hole B15 on the Filchner-Ronne Schelf Ice

description: Temperature measurements started 12 hours after the drilling operation was stopped at 1992-02-16 14:00 and 1992-02-17 20:00 UTC. Values are the mean of 2 thermistors, which were heaved in the dry borehole. Thermistors touched the walls.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219416
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Blois
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk0a
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.778085
title: Time series of zooplankton abundance at station L4 in the English Channel from 1988 to 2008

description: Samples were collected by vertical net hauls (WP2 net, mesh 200 µm; UNESCO 1968) from the sea floor (approximately 50m) to the surface and stored in 5% formalin. Find more information in the further details document of doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.778092.To avoid potential issues with use and interpretation of these data it is essential for users to consult the associated metadata which provide descriptions of sampling and analysis method, issues and data continuity and comparability, and detailed explanations of how each data field has been constructed. The data originators will gladly help in interpretation as and when required. Ask Angus Atkinson (mailto:aat@pml.ac.uk) to obtain an account to download these datasets.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.778088
title: Time series of zooplankton abundance at station L4 in the English Channel in 2010

description: Samples were collected by vertical net hauls (WP2 net, mesh 200 µm; UNESCO 1968) from the sea floor (approximately 50m) to the surface and stored in 5% formalin. Find more information in the further details document of doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.778092.To avoid potential issues with use and interpretation of these data it is essential for users to consult the associated metadata which provide descriptions of sampling and analysis method, issues and data continuity and comparability, and detailed explanations of how each data field has been constructed. The data originators will gladly help in interpretation as and when required. Ask Angus Atkinson (mailto:aat@pml.ac.uk) to obtain an account to download these datasets.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206931
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge and reverse ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on reverse.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110210635
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 1387.101, Fort 1387.101

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 1387.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on obverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on all sides.
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk0x
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219385
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Khartoum
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.778089
title: Time series of zooplankton abundance at station L4 in the English Channel in 2011

description: Samples were collected by vertical net hauls (WP2 net, mesh 200 µm; UNESCO 1968) from the sea floor (approximately 50m) to the surface and stored in 5% formalin. Find more information in the further details document of doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.778092.To avoid potential issues with use and interpretation of these data it is essential for users to consult the associated metadata which provide descriptions of sampling and analysis method, issues and data continuity and comparability, and detailed explanations of how each data field has been constructed. The data originators will gladly help in interpretation as and when required. Ask Angus Atkinson (mailto:aat@pml.ac.uk) to obtain an account to download these datasets.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206912
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge and reverse ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on reverse.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219386
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Natasquan
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219415
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Alcala del Rio
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110210619
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 1387.101, Fort 1387.101

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 1387.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on obverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on all sides.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219202
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Thiokoye
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219203
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Thompsonville
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk09
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219032
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Pokiok
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219204
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tiassale
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219255
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station VV de Rodao
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206890
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge and reverse ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on reverse.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110210616
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 1372.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on all sides.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219365
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tczew
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219366
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station The Dalles
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk08
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219206
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tirukoilur Anicut
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219212
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Traipu
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219256
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Wabo
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110216594
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0266.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge, reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Cracks on left edge, reverse, right edge. Some wear and damage on obverse, reverse
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219036
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Polavaram
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219213
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Trang
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110210612
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 1387.101, Fort 1387.101

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 1387.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on obverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on all sides.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219215
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tulsa
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219257
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Wae Gwan
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk07
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219039
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Ponte de Canavezes
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219260
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Washington
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110210611
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 1372.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on all sides.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110216591
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0294.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Broken areas on left edge, bottom edge, right edge.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219040
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Ponte de Vouzela
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219367
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tomsk
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219207
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tisza-palkonya
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219208
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tokwe Confluence
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110216579
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0266.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge, reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Cracks on left edge, reverse, right edge. Some wear and damage on obverse, reverse
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk06
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219042
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Pont Lardier
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219368
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tortosa
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206835
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.103 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on bottom edge, left edge, right edge and reverse.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t5fezh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 492 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Honduras",
 "TaxonKey is Gasteracantha cancriformis"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 492 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0027883-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219265
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Watopa Pontoon
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219369
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Trenton
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk05
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219046
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Porter
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219211
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tournouta
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206396
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge and reverse ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on reverse.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110216572
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0276.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Broken areas on left edge, upper edge. Some damage on obverse, reverse.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219049
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Porto Velho
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219271
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Winneba
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219370
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Ust-Pinega
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219149
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Sidi Saad
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219273
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Woodend
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110216561
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 0314.104, Fort 0314.104

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0314.104 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Broken left edge, upper edge. Large crack on reverse.
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk04
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219050
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Posadas
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219216
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Tulun
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206388
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impressions on left edge and reverse ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on reverse.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219371
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Villa Montes
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219375
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Aliwal North
DOI: 10.25549/kada-ouc11399lk03
title: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919

description: Clippings on Japanese rule in Korea, 1918-1919
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219158
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Soke
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219276
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Wuzhou 3
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219376
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Birchbank
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110206389
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0317.103 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage or cracks on bottom edge, left edge, right edge and reverse.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110216402
title: Scans

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0276.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Broken areas on left edge, upper edge. Some damage on obverse, reverse.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219277
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Wyszkow
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219278
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Yabassi
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219279
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Yadgiri
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.219377
title: Monthly mean river discharge at gauging station Bladder Rapids