DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13239524
title: EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Vespoidea Patch (VSP): EOL Vespoidea Patch

description: Taxonomic hierarchies & species lists for Armaniidae, Bradynobaenidae, Chyphotidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Sierolomorphidae, Thynnidae, and Tiphiidae to complement Catalogue of Life coverage. Compiled from multiple sources:

Baptiste, L. A., & Kimsey, L. S. (2000). New Caledonian Tiphiidae: revision of the genus Eirone (Hymenoptera: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 9(2):395-415.

Bartholomay PR, Williams KA, Luz DR, Morato EF. 2015. Frigitilla gen. nov., a new genus of Amazonian Mutillidae (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3957(1):49-58. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3957.1.3. PMID: 26249052.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 1997. Contribution to the knowledge of the Myzininae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae).  Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" 91:615–639.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2004. Tribe-groups of the Myzininae with special regard to the palaearctic taxa of the tribe Meriini (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 36:1205–1308.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2005. Anthoboscinae and Myzininae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae) from Madagascar. Linzer Biologische Beiträge 37:1077–1097.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2005. Third contribution to the knowledge of the Old World Myzininae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" [2004-2005] 96:363-428.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2007. The Afrotropical genera of the subtribe Meriina (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 39:1257- 1305.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2011. Myzininae of the Old World. The subtribe Braunsomeriina (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 43:363-380.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2013. Afrotropical taxa of the genus Mesa Saussure 1892 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 45:1657-1744.

Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2016. Meriini from Western Palaearctic and northern Afrotropical Regions (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Myzininae): new taxa and records. Onychium 12:47-81.

Brothers, D.J. 1971. The genera of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic on tsetse flies (Glossina, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 34:101-102.

Brothers, D.J. 1974. The first recent species of Protomutilla (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae: Myrmosinae). Psyche 81:268-271.

Brothers, D.J. 1975. Phylogeny and classification of the aculeate Hymenoptera, with special reference to Mutillidae. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 50: 483-648.

Brothers, D.J. 1983. Identity and classification of Physetopoda, Chaetotilla and Paramyrme. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 563:441–445.

Brothers, D.J. 1983. Identity of four species of Mutillidae described mistakenly as from Australia. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 46:325-330.

Brothers, D.J. 1999. Phylogeny and evolution of wasps, ants and bees (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea). Zoologica Scripta 28:233-249.

Brothers, D.J. 2018. Aglaotilla, a new genus of Australian Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) with metallic coloration. Zootaxa 4415(2):357-368. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4415.2.6.

Brothers, D.J., Carpenter, J.M. 1993. Phylogeny of Aculeata: Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2:227-304.

Brothers, D.J. & Finnamore A.T. 1993. Superfamily Vespoidea pp. 161-278.. In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. eds.. Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.

Brothers DJ, Lelej AS 2017. Phylogeny and higher classification of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) based on morphological reanalyses. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 60:1-97. DOI:10.3897/jhr.60.20091

Brown, G.R. 1983. Pentazeleboria. A New Genus of Australian Thynnini (Hymenoptera:
Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 22:61–64.

Brown, G.R. 1987. Revision of the Australian Genus Acanthothynnus Turner (Hymenoptera:
Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 26:181–188.

Brown, G.R. 1989. Revision of the Australian Genus Doratithynnus Tuner (Hymenoptera:
Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 28:1–17.

Brown, G.R. 1992. Bifidothynnus wubiniensis, a New Genus and Species of Australian
Thynnini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Australian Journal of Entomology
31:215–217.

Brown, G.R. 1995. New synonyms and combinations in the genus 'Zeleboria' Saussure
(Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). General and Applied Entomology: The Journal of the
Entomological Society of New South Wales 26:9.

Brown, G.R. 1995. Revision of the Australian wasp genus Macrothynnus
Turner (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Records of the Western Australian
Museum 17:267–275.

Brown, G.R. 1995. Tachyphron, a New Genus of Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera:
Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 34:241–246.

Brown, G.R. 1996. Arthrothynnus, a New Genus of Orchid-pollinating Thynninae
(Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the
Northern Territory 13:73.

Brown, G.R. 1996. Chilothynnus, a New Genus of Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera:
Tiphiidae) Associated with Orchids. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art
Galleries of the Northern Territory 13:61. 

Brown, G.R. 1998. Revision of the Neozeleboria cryptoides species group of thynnine wasps
(Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae): Pollinators of native orchids. Australian Journal of
Entomology 37:193–205.

Brown, G.R. 2000. Caetrathynnus, Nitidothynnus and Procerothynnus, New Genera of
Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) from Northern Australia. The Beagle: Records of
the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 16:107.

Brown, G.R. 2001. Status of the Ariphron generic group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae): A critical review. Australian Journal of Entomology 40(1):23-40.

Brown, G.R. 2005. A revision of Tachyphron Brown and description of two new genera
within the Ariphron group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Natural History 39:
197–239.

Brown, G.R. 2008. Umbothynnus, a newly recognised genus for the Rhagigaster alexius
Guérin group of species (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini) from
northern Australia. Zootaxa 1933:43–58. 

Brown, G.R. 2009. Description of Two New Pseudaposematic Species with a Review of
Defensive Adaptations in the Subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 25:69. 

Brown, G.R. 2010. 'Curvothynnus' gen. nov. erected for two unusual species of thynnine
wasps (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini). The Beagle: Records of
the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 26:89.

Brown, G.R. 2011. 'Dimorphothynnus' (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae: Rhagigasterini) newly
recorded from the Northern Territory, Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums
and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 27:107.

Brown, G.R. 2015. Rugosothynnus gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae:
Rhagigasterini), a newly recognised Australian genus. Zootaxa 3925:361–386.

Carnimeo, Fernando Henrique, Noll, Fernando Barbosa 2018. On the dumping ground genus Scotaena Klug, 1810 (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae): Phylogeny, taxonomy and geographic distribution. Zootaxa 4399(4): 451-490, DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.1

Durán-Moya, L. 1941. Die Thynniden von Chile. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 1941:71–176.

Elçin, G., Bariaçik, N. and M. Boni Bartalucci. 2013. New Myzinin wasps from Turkey (Hymenoptera Tiphiidae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 45(2):2155-2163.

Genise, J. & Kimsey, L.S. 1991. New genera of South American Thynninae (Tiphiidae, Hymenoptera). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 98:57–69. DOI:10.1155/1991/37156

Genise, J. & Kimsey, L.S. 1993. Revision of the South American Thynninae genus Elaphroptera Guérin-Méneville (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research  2:195–220.

Gess, S.K. & Gess, F.W. 2014. Wasps and bees in southern Africa. SANBI Biodiversity Series 24. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. 320 pp.

Given, B.B. 1953. Evolutionary Trends in the Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) With
Special Reference To Feeding Habits Of Australian Species. Transactions of the
Royal Entomological Society of London 105:1–10. 

Justino, C.E.L. 2013. Análise Filogenética de Scotaenini (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Masters Dissertation, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 55 pp.

Justino, C.E.L., dos Santos, E.F. & Noll, F.B. 2013. Geographic note on species of the genus Upa Kimsey, 1991 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae) in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Check List 9(5):1057–1061. DOI:10.15560/9.5.1057

Justino, C.E.L, dos Santos, E.F. & Noll, F.B. 2016. Diversity of Tiphiidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) in the fragmented Brazilian semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest. Journal of Insect Conservation, 20(3):417–431. DOI:10.1007/s10841-016-9875-9

Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Additional new genera and species of south american thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 98:71–80. DOI:10.1155/1991/83532

Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Relationships among the tiphiid wasp subfamilies (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 16: 427-438.

Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Revision of the South American wasp genus Aelurus (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Systematic Entomology 16:223–237. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00685.x

Kimsey, L.S. 1992. Phylogenetic relations among the South American Thynninae Tiphiidae wasps. Systematic Entomology 17:133–144. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1992.tb00326.x

Kimsey, L.S. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of the thynnine wasp tribe Rhagigasterini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 5:80–99.

Kimsey, L.S. 1996. Revision of the South American thynnine genus Upa (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98:55–63.

Kimsey, L.S. 2000. Revision of the Australian Tiphiid Genus Leiothynnus (Hymenoptera:
Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 9:18–28.

Kimsey, L.S. 2001. The New Western Australian Tiphiid Genus Dythynnus Kimsey
(Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 10:76–80.

Kimsey, L.S. 2002. New genus and five new species of heat-tolerant tiphiid wasps from
Western Australia (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Australian Journal of
Entomology 41:345–353.

Kimsey, L.S. 2003. A Peculiar New Genus of Locally Abundant Australian Thynninae
(Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 12:102–124.

Kimsey, L.S. 2004. Taxonomic changes and new generic synonymies in the tiphiid wasp subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106:508–512.

Kimsey, L.S. 2004. Illustrated keys to the genera of the male wasps in the subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106:571–585. 

Kimsey, L.S. 2005. Revision of the Northern South American tiphiid genus Merithynnus Kimsey, 1991 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 107:576–595.

Kimsey, L.S. 2006. 14.2: Familia Tiphiidae. In: Hanson, P.Y. & Gauld, I.D. (Eds.), Hymenoptera de la Región Neotropical. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, pp. 575–583.

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Kimsey, L.S. & Brothers, D.J. 2006. Capítulo 56: Familia Tiphiidae. In: Fernández, F.C. & Sharkey, M.J. (Eds.), Introducción a los Hymenoptera de La Región Neotropical. Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología, Colômiba, pp. 583–594.

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Lelej, A.S. 2005. Catalogue of the Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of the Oriental Region. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 1–252.

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van Noort, S. 2020. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the Afrotropical region. URL: www.waspweb.org
description: Vespoidea species to complement coverage of Catalogue of Life.
The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, eol.org) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented (Patterson et al., 2016). Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. 

To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy ([see current version here](https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/tram-807-808-809-810-dh-v1-1/resource/00adb47b-57ed-4f6b-8f66-83bfdb5120e8)) using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions.

For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see [EOL Dynamic Hierarchy](https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy)