DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d1r
title: Transcriptomes of Rotaria rotatoria under thermal stress

description: Global warming has raised concerns regarding the potential impact on
 aquatic biosafety and health. To illuminate the adaptive mechanisms of
 bdelloid rotifers in response to global warming, the ecological and
 transcriptomic characteristics of two strains (HX and ZJ) of Rotaria
 rotatoria were investigated at 25°C and 35°C. Our results showed an
 obvious genetic divergence between the two geographic populations. Thermal
 stress significantly reduced the average lifespan of R. rotatoria in both
 strains, but increased the offspring production in the ZJ strain.
 Furthermore, the expression levels of genes Hsp70 were significantly
 upregulated in the HX strain, while GSTo1 and Cu/Zn‐SOD were on the
 contrary. In the ZJ strain, the expression levels of genes Hsp70, CAT2,
 and GSTo1 were upregulated under thermal stress. Conversely, a significant
 decrease in the expression level of the Mn‐SOD gene was observed in the ZJ
 strain under thermal stress. Transcriptomic profiling analysis revealed a
 total of 105 and 5288 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the HX and
 ZJ strains under thermal stress, respectively. The PCA results showed
 clear differences in gene expression pattern between HX and ZJ strains
 under thermal stress. Interestingly, compared to the HX strain, numerous
 downregulated DEGs in the ZJ strain were enriched into pathways related to
 metabolism under thermal stress, suggesting that rotifers from the ZJ
 strain prioritize resource allocation to reproduction by suppressing
 costly metabolic processes. This finding is consistent with the life table
 results. This study provides new insights into the adaptive evolution of
 aquatic animals in the context of global climate change.
description: We collected experimental rotifers from Hexian and Zhanjiang,
 China, and conducted subsequent experiments following stock culture in the
 laboratory.  For transcriptomics experiment, total RNA
 was extracted from the rotifer samples using Trizol reagent (Invitrogen,
 CA, USA), following the manufacturer's protocol. The concentration
 and integrity of the RNA were determined using Bioanalyzer 2100 and RNA
 6000 Nano LabChip Kit (Agilent, CA, USA) with a RIN (RNA integrity number)
 ≥ 7.0. Sequencing libraries were obtained following the handbook for the
 NEBNext Ultra RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina (NEB, USA). Index codes
 were added to attribute sequences to each sample. Poly(A) RNA was purified
 from 5 µg of the total RNA sample using poly-T oligo-attached magnetic
 beads and two rounds of purification. The mRNA was fragmented into small
 pieces using divalent cations under elevated temperature conditions. The
 fragmented RNA was then reverse-transcribed to construct the final cDNA
 library. The protocol for the mRNASeq sample preparation kit (Illumina,
 San Diego, USA) was followed, with an average insert size of 300 bp (±50
 bp) for the paired-end libraries. Paired-end sequencing was performed
 using an Illumina Novaseq™ 6000 at LC Sciences (USA), in adherence to the
 vendor's recommended protocol.
description: # Transcriptomes of *Rotaria rotatoria* under thermal stress
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d1r](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ffbg79d1r) The dataset comprises COI gene sequences from 20 clones and 24 transcript sequences of *Rotaria rotatoria*. The COI gene sequences were utilized for species identification and genetic distance analysis of *R. rotatoria,* and the transcriptome was sequenced in paired-end mode using Illumina Novaseq™ 6000 by LC Sciences (USA) to investigate the response of *R. rotatoria* to temperature stress (35℃ vs. 25℃). The results demonstrate differences in responses to temperature stress among rotifers originating from different geographical locations. ## Description of the data and file structure * ZJ.fas: COI gene sequences of *R. rotatoria* collected from Zhanjiang, China * HX_25_1_R1.fastq.gz, HX_25_1_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (HX strain) cultured at 25℃ (Repeat 1) * HX_25_2_R1.fastq.gz, HX_25_2_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria *(HX strain) cultured at 25℃ (Repeat 2) * HX_25_3_R1.fastq.gz, HX_25_3_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (HX strain) cultured at 25℃ (Repeat 3) * HX_35_1_R1.fastq.gz, HX_35_1_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria *(HX strain) cultured at 35℃ (Repeat 1) * HX_35_2_R1.fastq.gz, HX_35_2_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria *(HX strain) cultured at 35℃ (Repeat 2) * HX_35_3_R1.fastq.gz, HX_35_3_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria *(HX strain) cultured at 35℃ (Repeat 3) * ZJ_25_1_R1.fastq.gz, ZJ_25_1_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (ZJ strain) cultured at 25℃ (Repeat 1) * ZJ_25_2_R1.fastq.gz, ZJ_25_2_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (ZJ strain) cultured at 25℃ (Repeat 2) * ZJ_25_3_R1.fastq.gz, ZJ_25_3_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (ZJ strain) cultured at 25℃ (Repeat 3) * ZJ_35_1_R1.fastq.gz, ZJ_35_1_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (ZJ strain) cultured at 35℃ (Repeat 1) * ZJ_35_2_R1.fastq.gz, ZJ_35_2_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (ZJ strain) cultured at 35℃ (Repeat 2) * ZJ_35_3_R1.fastq.gz, ZJ_35_3_R2.fastq.gz: The transcriptome sequence of *R. rotatoria* (ZJ strain) cultured at 35℃ (Repeat 3)