cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29500538.v1
title: Evaluated anatomical variations in children by sacrococcygeal ultrasonography as a new tool: a report from a Chinese tertiary hospital

description: Anatomical variations in the sacrococcygeal region can lead to complications such as accidental dural puncture during caudal block. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sacrococcygeal anatomical variations using ultrasonography and to evaluate the necessity of ultrasound guidance in sacral block procedures. Ultrasound findings of sacrococcygeal anatomy were validated against magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A detailed ultrasound protocol was subsequently applied to assess sacrococcygeal anatomy in pediatric patients. Ultrasound and MRI demonstrated strong concordance in evaluating sacrococcygeal anatomy. The most common anatomical variation was a low-lying dural sac (16.2%), followed by incomplete sacral cornua (4.9%). The dural sac termination level was inversely associated with age (odds ratio: 0.996, 95% CI: 0.945–0.987; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Other variations included abnormal coccyx curvature (4.3%), sacral skewness (3.8%), and sacral hiatus atresia (1.1%), with no pathological abnormalities detected. Comprehensive ultrasound scanning effectively identifies anatomical variations in the sacrococcygeal region of pediatric patients, which are highly prevalent. Routine preprocedural ultrasound examinations and ultrasound guidance during caudal block procedures are strongly recommended to enhance safety and accuracy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30149046
title: Perception gaps between healthcare professionals and people with CLBP: an online survey of current primary care management practices in the United Kingdom

description: This study examined differences in perspectives and perceptual gaps in the management of chronic low back pain (CLBP) between healthcare professionals—general practitioners (GPs) and physiotherapists—and people with CLBP in United Kingdom primary care. A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 32 GPs, 53 physiotherapists, and 138 people with CLBP. Closed- and open-ended questions assessed management strategies, perceived effectiveness, treatment goals, and alignment of perspectives. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and qualitative responses through content analysis. GPs most frequently recommended exercise (87.5%), analgesics (84.4%), and referral to physiotherapy (62.5%). Physiotherapists emphasised exercise (98%), pain education (73.6%), and active lifestyle advice (47.2%). Both groups prioritised active management, while patients most often reported analgesic use (44.9%) and passive treatments such as manual therapy (12.3%) and electrotherapy (12.3%). Regarding treatment goals, GPs and physiotherapists prioritised functional improvement, pain reduction, mental health, daily activity, and quality of life (all ≥80%), reflecting a biopsychosocial approach. Patients, however, focused mainly on pain relief (52.2%) and return to activity (33.3%), underscoring expectation gaps. While GPs and physiotherapists generally follow guideline-recommended, active strategies for CLBP, substantial differences remain between clinician recommendations and patient-reported practices and goals. Addressing these gaps requires enhanced communication, shared decision-making, and more person-centred care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30149046.v1
title: Perception gaps between healthcare professionals and people with CLBP: an online survey of current primary care management practices in the United Kingdom

description: This study examined differences in perspectives and perceptual gaps in the management of chronic low back pain (CLBP) between healthcare professionals—general practitioners (GPs) and physiotherapists—and people with CLBP in United Kingdom primary care. A cross-sectional online survey was completed by 32 GPs, 53 physiotherapists, and 138 people with CLBP. Closed- and open-ended questions assessed management strategies, perceived effectiveness, treatment goals, and alignment of perspectives. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and qualitative responses through content analysis. GPs most frequently recommended exercise (87.5%), analgesics (84.4%), and referral to physiotherapy (62.5%). Physiotherapists emphasised exercise (98%), pain education (73.6%), and active lifestyle advice (47.2%). Both groups prioritised active management, while patients most often reported analgesic use (44.9%) and passive treatments such as manual therapy (12.3%) and electrotherapy (12.3%). Regarding treatment goals, GPs and physiotherapists prioritised functional improvement, pain reduction, mental health, daily activity, and quality of life (all ≥80%), reflecting a biopsychosocial approach. Patients, however, focused mainly on pain relief (52.2%) and return to activity (33.3%), underscoring expectation gaps. While GPs and physiotherapists generally follow guideline-recommended, active strategies for CLBP, substantial differences remain between clinician recommendations and patient-reported practices and goals. Addressing these gaps requires enhanced communication, shared decision-making, and more person-centred care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30092388
title: Development and validation of a novel risk stratification signature derived from migrasome and tumor microenvironment-related genes for molecular subtyping and improving clinical outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

description: The tumor microenvironment (TME) and migrasomes released by tumor cells significantly influence carcinogenesis and immune evasion. However, our understanding of the prognostic and therapeutic implications of migrasome and tumor microenvironment-related genes (mtmRGs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains limited. We explored the relationship between mtmRGs and HNSCC prognosis by utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Subsequently, we developed an innovative prognostic signature, and assessed its prognostic significance using the Kaplan-Meier method, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and Cox regression analyses. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we conducted gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GESA), and immune infiltration analysis. A nomogram was developed to estimate the overall survival (OS) rates for HNSCC patients. Lastly, we chose P4HA1, which was part of the signature, for additional experimental validation <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. The mtmRGs signature effectively classifies HNSCC patients into two distinct risk subgroups, with the high-risk cohort demonstrating significantly poorer OS. The risk score serves as an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC patients; those with lower risk scores are more likely to exhibit favorable responses to immunotherapy, particularly with CTLA4 inhibitors. Furthermore, a lower risk score is significantly correlated with the sensitivity of HNSCC patients to cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine, and axitinib. This study presents an innovative gene signature associated with mtmRGs, which may be utilized both for predicting survival and directing personalized chemotherapy and immunotherapy regiments for patients with HNSCC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30092388.v1
title: Development and validation of a novel risk stratification signature derived from migrasome and tumor microenvironment-related genes for molecular subtyping and improving clinical outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

description: The tumor microenvironment (TME) and migrasomes released by tumor cells significantly influence carcinogenesis and immune evasion. However, our understanding of the prognostic and therapeutic implications of migrasome and tumor microenvironment-related genes (mtmRGs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains limited. We explored the relationship between mtmRGs and HNSCC prognosis by utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Subsequently, we developed an innovative prognostic signature, and assessed its prognostic significance using the Kaplan-Meier method, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and Cox regression analyses. To explore the underlying mechanisms, we conducted gene set variation analysis (GSVA), gene set enrichment analysis (GESA), and immune infiltration analysis. A nomogram was developed to estimate the overall survival (OS) rates for HNSCC patients. Lastly, we chose P4HA1, which was part of the signature, for additional experimental validation <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>. The mtmRGs signature effectively classifies HNSCC patients into two distinct risk subgroups, with the high-risk cohort demonstrating significantly poorer OS. The risk score serves as an independent prognostic factor for HNSCC patients; those with lower risk scores are more likely to exhibit favorable responses to immunotherapy, particularly with CTLA4 inhibitors. Furthermore, a lower risk score is significantly correlated with the sensitivity of HNSCC patients to cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine, and axitinib. This study presents an innovative gene signature associated with mtmRGs, which may be utilized both for predicting survival and directing personalized chemotherapy and immunotherapy regiments for patients with HNSCC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29606112
title: Zanamivir exposure in healthy rats and rats with acute lung injury

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and lung penetration of zanamivir in healthy rats and rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Three pharmacokinetic (PK) studies have been conducted to evaluate systemic PK and local exposure of zanamivir in male Wistar rats (<i>n</i> = 62, 16 weeks old). Zanamivir was administered to healthy rats and rats with LPS-induced ALI intravenously (IV) and by inhalation (INH) <i>via</i> nebulisation. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid concentrations were analysed to assess drug permeation across barriers. All zanamivir concentrations were determined using the HPLC–MS/MS method. The concentrations of zanamivir in BAL after IV dosing were approximately 3.1-, 4.0- and 5.0-fold higher in healthy animals compared with ALI at 30, 60 and 240 min after dosing, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.005, 0.001 and 0.016). Zanamivir permeation between BAL fluid and serum was compared for IV and INH administrations, revealing that the BAL AUC<sub>30–240</sub> following IV administration was 6.5-fold lower than after INH. Furthermore, the AUC<sub>30–240</sub> in BAL fluid after IV administration was approximately 3.3 times higher in healthy animals than those with ALI (35,815 vs. 10,886 ng/mL × h). ALI also reduced the rate and extent of systemic absorption compared to healthy conditions. The absolute bioavailability of nebulised zanamivir was 1.91%. Our findings confirm PK superiority of INH administration to achieve local intrapulmonary exposition and indicate that ALI significantly impairs zanamivir penetration into the lungs from systemic circulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29606112.v1
title: Zanamivir exposure in healthy rats and rats with acute lung injury

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and lung penetration of zanamivir in healthy rats and rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Three pharmacokinetic (PK) studies have been conducted to evaluate systemic PK and local exposure of zanamivir in male Wistar rats (<i>n</i> = 62, 16 weeks old). Zanamivir was administered to healthy rats and rats with LPS-induced ALI intravenously (IV) and by inhalation (INH) <i>via</i> nebulisation. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid concentrations were analysed to assess drug permeation across barriers. All zanamivir concentrations were determined using the HPLC–MS/MS method. The concentrations of zanamivir in BAL after IV dosing were approximately 3.1-, 4.0- and 5.0-fold higher in healthy animals compared with ALI at 30, 60 and 240 min after dosing, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.005, 0.001 and 0.016). Zanamivir permeation between BAL fluid and serum was compared for IV and INH administrations, revealing that the BAL AUC<sub>30–240</sub> following IV administration was 6.5-fold lower than after INH. Furthermore, the AUC<sub>30–240</sub> in BAL fluid after IV administration was approximately 3.3 times higher in healthy animals than those with ALI (35,815 vs. 10,886 ng/mL × h). ALI also reduced the rate and extent of systemic absorption compared to healthy conditions. The absolute bioavailability of nebulised zanamivir was 1.91%. Our findings confirm PK superiority of INH administration to achieve local intrapulmonary exposition and indicate that ALI significantly impairs zanamivir penetration into the lungs from systemic circulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28093898
title: Exploring the effect and mechanism of action of Jinlida granules (JLD) in the treatment of diabetes-associated cognitive impairment based on network pharmacology with experimental validation

description: To explore the effect and the probable mechanisms of JLD in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) - associated cognitive impairment (TDACI). The effect of JLD in combating TDACI was assessed in T2DM model mice by conducting Morris water maze (MWM) behaviour testing. Active components and their putative targets, as well as TDACI-related targets, were collected from public databases. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses and molecular docking were then utilized to explore potential molecular network mechanisms. Finally, the main targets were verified in animal model experiments. MWM test showed that JLD improved aspects of behaviour in T2DM model mice. JLD improved glucose intolerance, tissue insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and enhanced synapse-associated protein expression in hippocampus tissue. Network pharmacology revealed 185 active components, 337 targets of JLD, and 7998 TDACI related targets were obtained . PPI network analyses revealed 39 core targets. GO and KEGG analyses suggested that JLD might improve TDACI by regulating gene expression, apoptotic processes and inflammatory responses mainly <i>via</i> PI3K-AKT and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding of the main components to core targets. JLD reduced hippocampus tissue expression of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL6), core targets of treatment of TDACI. The findings suggested that JLD has the potential to improve TDACI through multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways. JLD may be a promising treatment for diabetic cognitive impairment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28093898.v1
title: Exploring the effect and mechanism of action of Jinlida granules (JLD) in the treatment of diabetes-associated cognitive impairment based on network pharmacology with experimental validation

description: To explore the effect and the probable mechanisms of JLD in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) - associated cognitive impairment (TDACI). The effect of JLD in combating TDACI was assessed in T2DM model mice by conducting Morris water maze (MWM) behaviour testing. Active components and their putative targets, as well as TDACI-related targets, were collected from public databases. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses and molecular docking were then utilized to explore potential molecular network mechanisms. Finally, the main targets were verified in animal model experiments. MWM test showed that JLD improved aspects of behaviour in T2DM model mice. JLD improved glucose intolerance, tissue insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and enhanced synapse-associated protein expression in hippocampus tissue. Network pharmacology revealed 185 active components, 337 targets of JLD, and 7998 TDACI related targets were obtained . PPI network analyses revealed 39 core targets. GO and KEGG analyses suggested that JLD might improve TDACI by regulating gene expression, apoptotic processes and inflammatory responses mainly <i>via</i> PI3K-AKT and AGE-RAGE signaling pathways. Molecular docking revealed strong binding of the main components to core targets. JLD reduced hippocampus tissue expression of the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL6), core targets of treatment of TDACI. The findings suggested that JLD has the potential to improve TDACI through multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways. JLD may be a promising treatment for diabetic cognitive impairment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28255985
title: Age-specific abnormal glucose metabolism in HIV-positive people on antiviral therapy in China: a multicenter case-control study

description: Update, the link between HIV infection and abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of HIV infection on AGM, including insulin resistance (IR), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus (DM). A multicenter case-control study was conducted in Zhejiang province, China. After matching, the study included 1030 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 1030 people living without HIV (PLWTH). The age-specific incidence of AGM was compared between the two groups. Poisson regression models were used to calculate the relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the associations. Compared to PLWTH, PLWH had a higher rate of IR, IFG and DM, and a higher risk of developing IR (RR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.60–2.10), IFG (RR: 3.87; 95% CI: 2.55–6.07), and DM (RR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.09–2.12). In the 30–44 age group, the risk of IR, IFG, and DM was the highest, with RRs of 2.04 (95%CI: 1.69–2.48), 7.46 (95%CI: 2.91–25.27), and 1.88 (95%CI: 0.90–4.10). HIV acquisition and cART usage &gt;5 years were associated with increased risks of DM. HIV infection is associated with early onset and high prevalence of IR and IFG. Longer duration of HIV infection and cART usage increased the occurrence of DM. These findings contribute to a better understanding of age-specific AGM and the modified glucose monitor strategies in PLWH.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28255985.v1
title: Age-specific abnormal glucose metabolism in HIV-positive people on antiviral therapy in China: a multicenter case-control study

description: Update, the link between HIV infection and abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of HIV infection on AGM, including insulin resistance (IR), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), and diabetes mellitus (DM). A multicenter case-control study was conducted in Zhejiang province, China. After matching, the study included 1030 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 1030 people living without HIV (PLWTH). The age-specific incidence of AGM was compared between the two groups. Poisson regression models were used to calculate the relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) to assess the associations. Compared to PLWTH, PLWH had a higher rate of IR, IFG and DM, and a higher risk of developing IR (RR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.60–2.10), IFG (RR: 3.87; 95% CI: 2.55–6.07), and DM (RR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.09–2.12). In the 30–44 age group, the risk of IR, IFG, and DM was the highest, with RRs of 2.04 (95%CI: 1.69–2.48), 7.46 (95%CI: 2.91–25.27), and 1.88 (95%CI: 0.90–4.10). HIV acquisition and cART usage &gt;5 years were associated with increased risks of DM. HIV infection is associated with early onset and high prevalence of IR and IFG. Longer duration of HIV infection and cART usage increased the occurrence of DM. These findings contribute to a better understanding of age-specific AGM and the modified glucose monitor strategies in PLWH.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28906665
title: Role of endoscopic ultrasound as a predictor of histological healing in ulcerative colitis

description: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with rising global prevalence.Histological healing (HH) is a key treatment target associated with better long-term outcomes. Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is known to be related to both clinical and endoscopic activity in UC, its role in defining HH remains unclear. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the association between EUS and histological activity (HA), as well as the predictive potential of EUS for HH. In this cross-sectional analysis, 68 UC adults underwent EUS and colonoscopy with biopsies. We used the Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES) for endoscopic activity, the Nancy Index (NI) for biopsy grading, and the Endoscopic Ultrasound-Ulcerative Colitis (EUS-UC) score for EUS analysis, defining endoscopic remission as MES ≤ 1 and HH as NI ≤ 1.A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to evaluate the ability of the indices to predict HH. Totally 23 patients (33.80%) achieved HH, while 45 (66.20%) showed HA. The EUS-UC scores were significantly lower in the HH group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and correlated strongly with NI (ρ = 0.73). EUS-UC score was an independent risk factor for HH (adjusted OR = 1.918, 95% CI: 1.195–3.080, <i>p</i> = 0.007). The EUS-UC score demonstrated a strong predictive value for HH, with an AUC of 0.840, a sensitivity of 75.56%, and a specificity of 78.26%. The EUS-UC score has a significant correlation with histological outcomes and shows strong potential as a reliable, invasive predictor of HH in UC, with implications for improved disease monitoring.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28906665.v1
title: Role of endoscopic ultrasound as a predictor of histological healing in ulcerative colitis

description: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with rising global prevalence.Histological healing (HH) is a key treatment target associated with better long-term outcomes. Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is known to be related to both clinical and endoscopic activity in UC, its role in defining HH remains unclear. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the association between EUS and histological activity (HA), as well as the predictive potential of EUS for HH. In this cross-sectional analysis, 68 UC adults underwent EUS and colonoscopy with biopsies. We used the Mayo Endoscopic Score (MES) for endoscopic activity, the Nancy Index (NI) for biopsy grading, and the Endoscopic Ultrasound-Ulcerative Colitis (EUS-UC) score for EUS analysis, defining endoscopic remission as MES ≤ 1 and HH as NI ≤ 1.A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was employed to evaluate the ability of the indices to predict HH. Totally 23 patients (33.80%) achieved HH, while 45 (66.20%) showed HA. The EUS-UC scores were significantly lower in the HH group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and correlated strongly with NI (ρ = 0.73). EUS-UC score was an independent risk factor for HH (adjusted OR = 1.918, 95% CI: 1.195–3.080, <i>p</i> = 0.007). The EUS-UC score demonstrated a strong predictive value for HH, with an AUC of 0.840, a sensitivity of 75.56%, and a specificity of 78.26%. The EUS-UC score has a significant correlation with histological outcomes and shows strong potential as a reliable, invasive predictor of HH in UC, with implications for improved disease monitoring.