cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124316.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Bayesian Modeling of Pretransplant Variables Accurately Predicts Kidney Graft Survival

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Machine learning can enable the development of predictive models that incorporate multiple variables for a systems approach to organ allocation. We explored the principle of Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) to determine whether a predictive model of graft survival can be derived using pretransplant variables. Our hypothesis was that pretransplant donor and recipient variables, when considered together as a network, add incremental value to the classification of graft survival. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed a retrospective analysis of 5,144 randomly selected patients (age ≥18, deceased donor kidney only, first-time recipients) from the United States Renal Data System database between 2000 and 2001. Using this dataset, we developed a machine-learned BBN that functions as a pretransplant organ-matching tool. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A network of 48 clinical variables was constructed and externally validated using an additional 2,204 patients of matching demographic characteristics. This model was able to predict graft failure within the first year or within 3 years (sensitivity 40%; specificity 80%; area under the curve, AUC, 0.63). Recipient BMI, gender, race, and donor age were amongst the pretransplant variables with strongest association to outcome. A 10-fold internal cross-validation showed similar results for 1-year (sensitivity 24%; specificity 80%; AUC 0.59) and 3-year (sensitivity 31%; specificity 80%; AUC 0.60) graft failure. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We found recipient BMI, gender, race, and donor age to be influential predictors of outcome, while wait time and human leukocyte antigen matching were much less associated with outcome. BBN enabled us to examine variables from a large database to develop a robust predictive model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124307
title: Supplementary Material for: Self-Reported Cognitive Decline on the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly Is Associated with Dementia, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Depression but Not Longitudinal Cognitive Change

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> A subjective history of cognitive decline is integral to dementia screening, yet there are few data on the accuracy of retrospective self-reports. We prospectively examined the longitudinal predictors of self-reported decline, including rate of cognitive change, clinical diagnosis, depressive symptoms and personality. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used a large (n = 2,551) community-dwelling sample of older adults (60–64 years at baseline) and tracked their cognitive functioning over 3 waves across a period of 8 years. Individual rates of change in multiple domains of cognition, incident dementia and mild cognitive disorders, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype, level of education, depressive symptoms and personality were examined as predictors of wave 3 retrospective self-reported decline as measured by the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The rate of cognitive decline did not predict subjective decline. Significant predictors of self-reported decline included dementia diagnosis, problems with instrumental activities of daily living, depression and neuroticism at the time of self-report, as well as the presence of an APOE ε4 allele. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In this relatively young cohort, retrospective self-report of cognitive decline does not reflect objective deterioration in cognition over the time period in question, but it may identify individuals in the initial stages of dementia and those with elevated psychological and genotypic risk factors for the development of dementia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124310
title: Supplementary Material for: Age-Dependent Predictors for Recurrent Stroke: The Paradoxical Role of Triglycerides

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Although long-term predictors of mortality and vascular events after ischemic stroke are well defined, the age-dependent differences in predicting outcomes are unknown, particularly for lipid parameters. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We assessed recurrent stroke and other vascular events in patients with first-ever ischemic strokes who were registered in a prospectively collected hospital-based stroke registry. Patients were classified into a middle-age group (40–64 years old) and an old-age group (65 years and older). <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 551 patients comprising 235 middle-age and 316 old-age subjects were investigated. At the mean follow-up of 26.4 months, 49 (8.9%) patients had experienced recurrent stroke. Outcome events in the middle-age group (3.8%) were less frequent than in the old-age group (12.7%). The effects of vascular risk factors were different across age groups. In particular, the hazard ratio direction for triglycerides was significantly different between age groups for recurrent stroke or composite outcomes. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Incidence and predictors of stroke and other vascular events following ischemic stroke are age-dependent. Differential effects of triglycerides on long-term outcomes following ischemic stroke were found to be hazardous at middle age but turned out to be non-significant at old age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124322.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Gender Differences in the Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Status: Systematic Review of 51 Publications

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Sex hormones may influence the activity of enzymes which are involved in the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The objective of this review was to assess the role of gender in determining the fatty acid composition of human samples, like plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipids, and adipose tissue. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The method included a structured search strategy on MEDLINE, Scopus and the Cochrane databases, with formal inclusion/exclusion criteria, data extraction procedure and meta-analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We evaluated 51 publications, dated from 1975 to 2011. Meta-analysis showed significantly lower values of both arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in total plasma lipids (32 and 33 studies) and in plasma phospholipids (PL; 21 and 23 studies) in men than in women. Primary analysis of the phospholipid fraction showed the mean difference in AA to be 0.42% weight/weight (95% CI: 0.18–0.65, n = 7,769) and in DHA 0.37% weight/weight (95% CI: 0.24–0.51, n = 8,541), while there was no gender difference in the values of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This systematic review based on 51 publications showed significantly lower contribution of AA and DHA to plasma total lipids and plasma PL in men than in women. Gender distribution should be regarded as a significant potential confounding factor in every study assessing data on fatty acid composition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124298
title: Supplementary Material for: Molecular Cytogenetics (FISH, GISH) of <b><i>Coccinia grandis</i></b>: A ca. 3 myr-Old Species of Cucurbitaceae with the Largest Y/Autosome Divergence in Flowering Plants

description: The independent evolution of heteromorphic sex chromosomes in 19 species from 4 families of flowering plants permits studying X/Y divergence after the initial recombination suppression. Here, we document autosome/Y divergence in the tropical Cucurbitaceae <i>Coccinia grandis</i>, which is ca. 3 myr old. Karyotyping and C-value measurements show that the <i>C. grandis</i> Y chromosome has twice the size of any of the other chromosomes, with a male/female C-value difference of 0.094 pg or 10% of the total genome. FISH staining revealed 5S and 45S rDNA sites on autosomes but not on the Y chromosome, making it unlikely that rDNA contributed to the elongation of the Y chromosome; recent end-to-end fusion also seems unlikely given the lack of interstitial telomeric signals. GISH with different concentrations of female blocking DNA detected a possible pseudo-autosomal region on the Y chromosome, and C-banding suggests that the entire Y chromosome in <i>C. grandis</i> is heterochromatic. During meiosis, there is an end-to-end connection between the X and the Y chromosome, but the X does not otherwise differ from the remaining chromosomes. These findings and a review of plants with heteromorphic sex chromosomes reveal no relationship between species age and degree of sex chromosome dimorphism. Its relatively small genome size (0.943 pg/2C in males), large Y chromosome, and phylogenetic proximity to the fully sequenced <i>Cucumis sativus</i> make <i>C. grandis</i> a promising model to study sex chromosome evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124301
title: Supplementary Material for: Psychometric Properties of the German Version of the Borderline Personality Disorder Severity Index - Version IV

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Although the Borderline Personality Disorder Severity Index - Version IV (BPDSI-IV) has already been used in several studies, psychometric properties are only known from two developing studies. <b><i>Sampling and Methods:</i></b> To examine item characteristics, reliability, and validity indicators, a large sample including subjects with borderline personality disorder (n = 163), a mixed psychiatric group (n = 58), and a healthy control group (n <i>= </i>43) were interviewed with the German version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II) as well as the BPDSI-IV. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The indices for interrater reliability as well as internal consistency of the BPDSI-IV were excellent to good. The total score and the subscales of the BPDSI-IV discriminated between diagnostic subgroups. As expected, its subscales were associated with the scores in the SCID-II and applied self-rating measures. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In a subsequent version, subscales might have to be adapted to the proposed traits of the borderline type in DSM-V.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124304
title: Supplementary Material for: Inconclusive Evidence for or against Positive Antigen Selection in the Shaping of Human Immunoglobulin E Repertoires: A Call for New Approaches

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The mechanisms driving the development of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody repertoires are a matter of debate. Alternatives to the classical view on antibody development, involving somatic mutation and antigen-driven selection of high-affinity variants in germinal centers, have been proposed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We have re-analyzed the pattern of mutations in previously isolated and characterized human clonally unrelated IgE-encoding transcripts using the validated focused binomial methodology to find evidence in such genes of antigen-specific selection. <b><i>Results:</i></b> As expected there is a selection against replacement mutations in IgE framework regions. In contrast, in all examined cases but one (assessing IgE repertoires of parasite-infected individuals) there was no evidence in favor of either positive or negative selection in complementarity determining regions. Importantly, however, the validated method also failed to detect selection for replacement mutations in two, non-IgE, hypermutated antibody populations targeting tetanus toxoid and vaccinia virus, respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Current methodology is unable to define with certainty, using commonly assessed IgE repertoire sizes, whether antigen selection is or is not a major driving force in the establishment of human IgE. New approaches are needed to address this matter.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124295
title: Supplementary Material for: The German Translation and Validation of the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication: A Factor Analytic Study

description: The Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication (TLC) represents an instrument for the assessment of formal thought disorder (FTD). The factorial dimensionality of the TLC has yielded ambiguous results for a distinction between positive (e.g. circumstantiality) and negative (e.g. poverty of speech) FTD. The purpose of the current study was to first translate and validate the TLC scale in German. Second, the internal structure was explored in order to identify different FTD dimensions. Two hundred and ten participants (146 patients with ICD-10 diagnoses: depression n = 63, schizophrenia n = 63, mania n = 20; 64 healthy subjects) were interviewed and FTD was rated with the TLC. The principal component analysis of the German TLC version revealed a 3-factor solution, reflecting a disorganized factor, an emptiness factor and a linguistic control factor. The current investigation yielded similar results to those originally reported for the TLC. Thus, a distinction between a positive disorganized, a negative and a semantic word level factor can be supported for the German translation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124307.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Self-Reported Cognitive Decline on the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly Is Associated with Dementia, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and Depression but Not Longitudinal Cognitive Change

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> A subjective history of cognitive decline is integral to dementia screening, yet there are few data on the accuracy of retrospective self-reports. We prospectively examined the longitudinal predictors of self-reported decline, including rate of cognitive change, clinical diagnosis, depressive symptoms and personality. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used a large (n = 2,551) community-dwelling sample of older adults (60–64 years at baseline) and tracked their cognitive functioning over 3 waves across a period of 8 years. Individual rates of change in multiple domains of cognition, incident dementia and mild cognitive disorders, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype, level of education, depressive symptoms and personality were examined as predictors of wave 3 retrospective self-reported decline as measured by the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The rate of cognitive decline did not predict subjective decline. Significant predictors of self-reported decline included dementia diagnosis, problems with instrumental activities of daily living, depression and neuroticism at the time of self-report, as well as the presence of an APOE ε4 allele. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In this relatively young cohort, retrospective self-report of cognitive decline does not reflect objective deterioration in cognition over the time period in question, but it may identify individuals in the initial stages of dementia and those with elevated psychological and genotypic risk factors for the development of dementia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124310.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Age-Dependent Predictors for Recurrent Stroke: The Paradoxical Role of Triglycerides

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Although long-term predictors of mortality and vascular events after ischemic stroke are well defined, the age-dependent differences in predicting outcomes are unknown, particularly for lipid parameters. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We assessed recurrent stroke and other vascular events in patients with first-ever ischemic strokes who were registered in a prospectively collected hospital-based stroke registry. Patients were classified into a middle-age group (40–64 years old) and an old-age group (65 years and older). <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 551 patients comprising 235 middle-age and 316 old-age subjects were investigated. At the mean follow-up of 26.4 months, 49 (8.9%) patients had experienced recurrent stroke. Outcome events in the middle-age group (3.8%) were less frequent than in the old-age group (12.7%). The effects of vascular risk factors were different across age groups. In particular, the hazard ratio direction for triglycerides was significantly different between age groups for recurrent stroke or composite outcomes. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Incidence and predictors of stroke and other vascular events following ischemic stroke are age-dependent. Differential effects of triglycerides on long-term outcomes following ischemic stroke were found to be hazardous at middle age but turned out to be non-significant at old age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124289
title: Supplementary Material for: Collectin-11/MASP Complex Formation Triggers Activation of the Lectin Complement Pathway - The Fifth Lectin Pathway Initiation Complex

description: Collectins and ficolins are important in the clearance of endogenous and exogenous danger materials. A new human collectin-11 was recently identified in low concentration in serum in complex with mannose-binding lectin (MBL)/ficolin-associated serine proteases. Collectin-11 binds to carbohydrate residues present on various microorganisms. Thus, we hypothesized that collectin-11 could be a novel initiation molecule in the lectin pathway of complement. We can show that collectin-11 associates with all the known MBL-associated serine proteases (MASP-1, MASP-2 and MASP-3) as well as the lectin complement pathway regulator MAP-1. Furthermore, we found that complex formation between recombinant collectin-11 and recombinant MASP-2 on <i>Candida albicans</i> leads to deposition of C4b. Native collectin-11 in serum mediated complement activation and deposition of C4b and C3b, and formation of the terminal complement complex on <i>C. albicans</i>. Moreover, spiking collectin-11-depleted serum, which did not mediate complement activation, with recombinant collectin-11 restored the complement activation capability. These results define collectin-11 as the fifth recognition molecule in the lectin complement pathway in addition to MBL, ficolin-1, ficolin-2 and ficolin-3.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124292
title: Supplementary Material for: The Impact of Adverse Life Events on Clinical Features and Interaction with Gene Variants in Mood Disorder Patients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Adverse life events are precipitating and maintenance factors for mood and anxiety disorders. However, the impact of such events on clinical features and treatment response is still unclear. <b><i>Sampling and Methods:</i></b> The aim of this study was to investigate whether specific adverse events (early parental loss and physical abuse) influence clinical features in a sample of 1,336 mood disorder patients, and whether genetic parameters interact with adverse events to influence treatment outcomes in a subsample of 252 subjects. Participants were collected in the context of a European multicenter study and treated with antidepressants at adequate doses for at least 4 weeks. We focused on two genes (BDNF and CREB1) due to prior evidence of association with treatment outcomes in the same sample. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients with a history of physical abuse had higher suicidal risk (including history of attempts), comorbid panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence compared to non-abused patients. Experience of early parental loss was a less detrimental type of life stressor. Treatment response was not affected by adverse events. No gene-environment interaction was found with genetic variations, using a corrected significance level. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A limitation of the present study is that the subsample is too small for detecting gene-environment interactions. The clinical message of our findings is that mood disorder patients with a history of physical abuse showed a worse clinical profile, characterized by higher comorbid Axis I psychopathology and increased suicidal behavior.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124295.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The German Translation and Validation of the Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication: A Factor Analytic Study

description: The Scale for the Assessment of Thought, Language and Communication (TLC) represents an instrument for the assessment of formal thought disorder (FTD). The factorial dimensionality of the TLC has yielded ambiguous results for a distinction between positive (e.g. circumstantiality) and negative (e.g. poverty of speech) FTD. The purpose of the current study was to first translate and validate the TLC scale in German. Second, the internal structure was explored in order to identify different FTD dimensions. Two hundred and ten participants (146 patients with ICD-10 diagnoses: depression n = 63, schizophrenia n = 63, mania n = 20; 64 healthy subjects) were interviewed and FTD was rated with the TLC. The principal component analysis of the German TLC version revealed a 3-factor solution, reflecting a disorganized factor, an emptiness factor and a linguistic control factor. The current investigation yielded similar results to those originally reported for the TLC. Thus, a distinction between a positive disorganized, a negative and a semantic word level factor can be supported for the German translation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124298.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Molecular Cytogenetics (FISH, GISH) of <b><i>Coccinia grandis</i></b>: A ca. 3 myr-Old Species of Cucurbitaceae with the Largest Y/Autosome Divergence in Flowering Plants

description: The independent evolution of heteromorphic sex chromosomes in 19 species from 4 families of flowering plants permits studying X/Y divergence after the initial recombination suppression. Here, we document autosome/Y divergence in the tropical Cucurbitaceae <i>Coccinia grandis</i>, which is ca. 3 myr old. Karyotyping and C-value measurements show that the <i>C. grandis</i> Y chromosome has twice the size of any of the other chromosomes, with a male/female C-value difference of 0.094 pg or 10% of the total genome. FISH staining revealed 5S and 45S rDNA sites on autosomes but not on the Y chromosome, making it unlikely that rDNA contributed to the elongation of the Y chromosome; recent end-to-end fusion also seems unlikely given the lack of interstitial telomeric signals. GISH with different concentrations of female blocking DNA detected a possible pseudo-autosomal region on the Y chromosome, and C-banding suggests that the entire Y chromosome in <i>C. grandis</i> is heterochromatic. During meiosis, there is an end-to-end connection between the X and the Y chromosome, but the X does not otherwise differ from the remaining chromosomes. These findings and a review of plants with heteromorphic sex chromosomes reveal no relationship between species age and degree of sex chromosome dimorphism. Its relatively small genome size (0.943 pg/2C in males), large Y chromosome, and phylogenetic proximity to the fully sequenced <i>Cucumis sativus</i> make <i>C. grandis</i> a promising model to study sex chromosome evolution.