cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nv066
title: Data from: Local genetic structure in the critically endangered, cave-associated perennial herb Primulina tabacum (Gesneriaceae)

description: The local spatial genetic structures of cave-associated plants are seldom
 studied. Given that these plants are mainly confined to small areas in and
 around the entrances of caves, we hypothesized that they might lack
 genetic structures at local scales. To test this hypothesis, we sampled
 two large populations (named D and T) of a critically endangered perennial
 herb, Primulina tabacum, which is endemic to karst caves in southern
 China. We analysed nine microsatellite loci and sequenced four chloroplast
 DNA (cpDNA) intergenic spacer regions to study the genetic diversity and
 structure within and between both populations. Both populations have
 distinct genetic characteristics. Samples from two subpopulations in
 population D showed considerable genetic divergence. This is not
 consistent with the hypothesis that P. tabacum has a weak genetic
 structure at a local scale. However, 94% of the individuals in population
 T shared the same multilocus genotype, which indicates little genetic
 structure within this population. The contributions of seed flow, pollen
 flow and (sub)population history to the genetic diversity and structure in
 each and both populations are discussed. Our study is the first to
 investigate local genetic diversity and structure in a cave-associated
 plant, and provides valuable information for the sustainable conservation
 of such species.
description: micosatellite genotype
 of Primulina tabacum (Gesneriaceae)micosatellite genotype
 [indiv ID, sampling location, genotype at locus 1, genotype at locus 2
 etc]micosatellite
 genotype.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kc4j4
title: Data from: Playfulness, ideas and creativity: a survey

description: This paper investigates whether self-reports about playfulness are related
 to self-reports about creativity and the alternate uses of objects. An
 on-line survey was conducted of how people think about themselves. 1536
 people completed the survey. They were asked whether a variety of
 statements were very characteristic of themselves through to whether they
 were very uncharacteristic. Respondents were then asked to offer
 alternative uses for two different objects. Those people who characterised
 themselves as being playful clearly thought of themselves as being
 creative. The self-reports of their playfulness, creativity and innovation
 were positively correlated with each other and were validated with their
 suggested uses for two different objects. Personality measures were
 derived from the respondents’ self-assessments. On the Openness scale the
 measure was positively correlated with the respondents’ assessments of
 their own playfulness and with the number of alternative uses for two
 objects.
description: Survey data for
 DryadTables of analysed data
 some of which were used in the paper
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cb051
title: Data from: Microhabitats in the tropics buffer temperature in a globally coherent manner

description: Vegetated habitats contain a variety of fine-scale features that can
 ameliorate temperate extremes. These buffered microhabitats may be used by
 species to evade extreme weather and novel climates in the future. Yet,
 the magnitude and extent of this buffering on a global scale remains
 unknown. Across all tropical continents and using 36 published studies, we
 assessed temperature buffering from within microhabitats across various
 habitat strata and structures (e.g. soil, logs, epiphytes and tree holes)
 and compared them to non-buffered macro-scale ambient temperatures (the
 thermal control). Microhabitats buffered temperature by 3.9°C and reduced
 maximum temperatures by 3.5°C. Buffering was most pronounced in tropical
 lowlands where temperatures were most variable. With the expected increase
 in extreme weather events, microhabitats should provide species with a
 local layer of protection that is not captured by traditional climate
 assessments, which are typically derived from macro-scale temperatures
 (e.g. satellites). Our data illustrate the need for a next generation of
 predictive models that account for species' ability to move within
 microhabitats to exploit favourable buffered microclimates.
description: Scheffers et al Biology
 Letters Global Microhabitat Temperature DataData provided include:
 study, year of publication, biogeographical province, standardized
 microhabitat considered in study, standardized macrohabitat considered in
 study, elevation, difference in mean temperature, difference in maximum
 temperature, difference in variance for microhabitats and
 macrohabitatsScheffers et al Biology Letters
 Data_Global Microhabitats.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9073
title: Data from: Colonization of the Aeolian Islands by Pimelia rugulosa rugulosa Germar, 1824 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) inferred from the genetic structure of populations: geological and environmental relations.

description: The darkling beetle Pimelia rugulosa rugulosa Germar, 1824 was selected to
 investigate the process of colonization in a volcanic archipelago and the
 role of volcanism in determining spatial patterns of genetic variability.
 Analyses were conducted in the Aeolian Islands, located in the central
 Mediterranean directly off the Sicilian coast. Genetic variability and
 geographic structure were studied in individuals from each island of the
 archipelago based on sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2
 mitochondrial gene; a network approach was employed to identify haplotype
 lineages. A strong genetic structure, with no haplotype sharing among
 islands, was observed. Six separate lineages were identified that
 independently colonized different islands of the archipelago from the
 mainland and differentiated locally to form small haplogroups. Variability
 of observed haplogroups is correlated with island age and a positive
 correlation between tenebrionid diversity and mitotype diversity is
 reported. Some, yet undescribed, catastrophic event is hypothesized to
 explain the depletion of a substantial part of genetic as well as
 biological diversity in the island of Filicudi.
description: cox 2 sequences
 alignment of Pimelia rugulosa rugulosa haplotypes from Aeolian Islands and
 SicilyNaming of haplotypes
 includes GenBank accession number as well as the code used in the original
 publications. Codes of newly determined haplotypes in Stroscio et al.
 (2011, Biol J Linn Soc; Table 2) are given as _Aeolian_number. Codes of
 haplotypes taken from Stroscio et al. (2011, J Zool Syst Evol Res; Table
 S1) are given as _Sicily_number. GenBank accession is indicated in
 pre-script.P_r_rugulosa.fas
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18383404
title: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EARLY ANTIVIRAL THERAPY IN REDUCING COVID-19 SEVERITY

description: The global outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a critical need for effective therapeutic strategies. Among these, early administration of antiviral agents such as remdesivir and molnupiravir has shown potential to reduce disease severity and improve clinical outcomes. This study investigates the clinical impact of initiating antiviral therapy during the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, focusing on hospitalization rates, ICU admissions, and mortality.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18383403
title: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EARLY ANTIVIRAL THERAPY IN REDUCING COVID-19 SEVERITY

description: The global outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a critical need for effective therapeutic strategies. Among these, early administration of antiviral agents such as remdesivir and molnupiravir has shown potential to reduce disease severity and improve clinical outcomes. This study investigates the clinical impact of initiating antiviral therapy during the early phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection, focusing on hospitalization rates, ICU admissions, and mortality.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pr686
title: Data from: Role of multiple invasion mechanisms and their interaction in regulating the population dynamics of an exotic tree

description: Understanding the mechanisms that allow exotic species to have rapid
 population growth is an important step in the process of controlling
 existing invasions and preventing future invasions. Several hypotheses
 have been proposed to explain why some exotic species become invasive, the
 most prominent of which focus on the roles of habitat disturbance,
 competitors and consumers. The magnitude and direction of each of these
 mechanisms on population dynamics observed in previous studies is quite
 variable. It is possible that some of this variation results from
 interactions between mechanisms. We examined all of these mechanisms and
 their interactions on the population dynamics of the Asian exotic tree
 Ailanthus altissima (Simaroubaceae) in fire-suppressed oak-hickory forests
 in Missouri, USA. We experimentally reduced herbivory (using insecticide),
 reduced interspecific competition (plant removals), and manipulated
 disturbance with prescribed fire. We projected the effects of these
 treatments and their interactions on population dynamics by parameterizing
 an integral projection model. The lowest population growth rate is found
 where fire is absent and biotic interactions are present. Fire increased
 population growth rate, likely through the suppression of interspecific
 competitors, since competitor removal treatments increased population
 growth rate in the absence but not presence of fire. These results
 indicate that biotic resistance from interspecific competitors, more so
 than consumers, is important for slowing the invasion of A. altissima.
 Furthermore, disturbances that weaken biotic interactions, such as fire,
 should be used with caution when restoring habitats invaded by A.
 altissima. Synthesis and applications. Examining the main and interactive
 effects of disturbance, competition and herbivory on the population
 dynamics of exotic species provides a comprehensive understanding of the
 role of these factors in the invasion process and provides guidance for
 exotic species management.
description: Ailanthus altissima
 demography dataData file includes stage
 (NRA=nonreproductive adult; RA=reproductive adult; SDL= seedling) size
 (total diameter (cm) of all stems/individual at 0.5 cm aboveground),
 survival, and fecundity for Ailanthus altissima during 2012 and 2013.
 Sites were located on the Tyson Research Center near St. Louis, MO.
 Treatments are controls, competitor removal, and herbivore removal. Plots
 with these treatments were either burned or unburned during the dormant
 season of 2013.Crandall and Knight_Ailanthus
 for Dryad.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.67529
title: Data from: Back from the brink: potential for genetic rescue in a critically endangered tree

description: Rare plant species are vulnerable to genetic erosion and inbreeding
 associated with small population size and isolation due to increasing
 fragmentation, though the degree to which these problems undermine
 population viability remains debated. We explore genetic and reproductive
 processes in the critically endangered long-lived tropical tree Medusagyne
 oppositifolia, an endemic to the Seychelles with a naturally patchy
 distribution. This species is failing to recruit in three of its four
 populations. We evaluate whether recruitment failure is linked to genetic
 problems associated with fragmentation, and if genetic rescue can mitigate
 such problems. Medusagyne oppositifolia comprises 90 extant trees in four
 populations, with only the largest (78 trees) having successful
 recruitment. Using 10 microsatellite loci we demonstrated that genetic
 diversity is high (HE: 0.48 – 0.63; HO: 0.56 – 0.78) in three populations,
 with only the smallest population having relatively low diversity (HE:
 0.26 and HO: 0.30). All populations have unique alleles, high genetic
 differentiation, and significant within population structure. Pollen and
 seed dispersal distances were mostly less than 100 m. Individuals in small
 populations were more related than individuals in the large population,
 thus inbreeding might explain recruitment failure in small populations.
 Indeed, inter-population pollination crosses from the large donor
 population to a small recipient population resulted in higher reproductive
 success relative to within-population crosses. Our study highlights the
 importance of maintaining gene flow between populations even in species
 that have naturally patchy distributions. We demonstrate the potential for
 genetic and ecological rescue to support conservation of plant species
 with limited gene flow.
description: Microsatellite Data
 Medusagyne oppositifoliaThe data file contains
 alleleic information for 13 microsatellites from Medusagyne oppositifolia
 individuals from the Seychelles.Raw data
 Medusagyne.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.18637
title: Data from: Evidence for ship noise impacts on humpback whale foraging behaviour

description: Noise from shipping activity in North Atlantic coastal waters has been
 steadily increasing and is an area of growing conservation concern, as it
 has the potential to disrupt the behaviour of marine organisms. This study
 examines the impacts of ship noise on bottom foraging humpback whales
 (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the western North Atlantic. Data were
 collected from 10 foraging whales using non-invasive archival tags that
 simultaneously recorded underwater movements and the acoustic environment
 at the whale. Using mixed models, we assess the effects of ship noise on
 seven parameters of their feeding behaviours. Independent variables
 included the presence or absence of ship noise and the received level of
 ship noise at the whale. We found significant effects on foraging,
 including slower descent rates and fewer side-roll feeding events per dive
 with increasing ship noise. During 5 of 18 ship passages, dives without
 side-rolls were observed. These findings indicate that humpback whales on
 Stellwagen Bank, an area with chronically elevated levels of shipping
 traffic, significantly change foraging activity when exposed to high
 levels of ship noise. This measureable reduction in within-dive foraging
 effort of individual whales could potentially lead to population-level
 impacts of shipping noise on baleen whale foraging success.
description: Blair et al. Humpback
 foraging divesSpreadsheet with
 metadata and measurements for all foraging dives analyzed. This includes
 the tag record ID, individual, year and month collected, total dive time,
 descent rate, ascent rate, maximum dive depth, number of bottom
 side-rolls, time between foraging dives, surface time immediately
 following dive, whether or not ship noise was present during the dive, and
 received level of noise during the dive.MnNoise_Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qd5gj
title: Data from: Climate and habitat interacts to shape the thermal reaction norms of breeding phenology across lizard populations

description: 1. Substantial plastic variation in phenology in response to environmental
 heterogeneity through time in the same population has been uncovered in
 many species. However, our understanding of differences in reaction norms
 of phenology among populations from a given species remains limited. 2.
 Since the plasticity of phenological traits is often influenced by local
 thermal conditions, we expect local temperature to generate variation in
 the reaction norms between populations. 3. Here, we explored temporal
 variation in parturition date across 11 populations of the common lizard
 (Zootoca vivipara) from four mountain chains as a function of air
 temperatures during mid-gestation. We characterized among-population
 variation to assess how local weather conditions (mean and variance of
 ambient temperatures during mid-gestation) and habitat openness (an index
 of anthropogenic disturbance) influence the thermal reaction norms of the
 parturition date. 4. Our results provide evidence of interactive effects
 of anthropogenic disturbance and thermal conditions, with earlier
 parturition dates in warmer years on average especially in closed
 habitats. 5. Variation in the reaction norms for parturition date was
 correlated with mean local thermal conditions at a broad geographical
 scale. However populations exposed to variable thermal conditions had
 flatter thermal reaction norms. 6. Assessing whether environmental
 heterogeneity drives differentiation among reaction norms is crucial to
 estimate the capacity of different populations to contend with projected
 climatic and anthropogenic challenges.
description: Adaptation of Phenology
 across Populations_dataset_RutschmannThe dataset has been
 used to perform all statistical analyses in the manuscript: Climate and
 habitat interacts to shape the thermal reaction norms of breeding
 phenology across lizard populations. Data have been recolted in the Massif
 Central, France, between 2004 and 2014. #Pop (site of capture) #Id (lizard
 unique identity) # R_id (lizard capture code) #alt (elevation, m) #SVL
 (Snout-ventral length, mm) # W1 (weight at capture, g) #Part_y (year of
 parturition) #Part_d (parturition date, January-1st = 1) # T_gest
 (mid-gestation temperatures, °C) #FCI (Forest cover coefficient) #Region
 (mountain chain)Rutschmann_AdaptationofPhenologyacrossPopulations_dataset.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.55s6q
title: Data from: Retrospective stable isotope analysis reveals ecosystem responses to river regulation over the last century

description: Disruption of natural flow regimes, nutrient pollution, and other
 consequences of human population growth and development have impacted most
 major rivers of the world. Alarming losses of aquatic biodiversity and
 biotic homogenization coincide with human-caused river alteration, but
 effects on aquatic ecosystem processes are not as well documented. This is
 because unaltered systems for comparison are scarce, and some
 ecosystem-wide effects may take decades to manifest. We evaluated aquatic
 ecosystem responses to extensive river-floodplain engineering and nutrient
 addition in the Rio Grande of southwestern North America as revealed by
 changes in trophic structure of, and resource availability to, the fish
 community. Stable Isotope Analysis (SIA) was conducted on museum-preserved
 fishes collected over a 70-year period of intensive river management and
 exponential human population growth. Trophic complexity and resource
 heterogeneity for fish consumers (measured as 'isotopic niche
 breadth') decreased following sediment deprivation and
 channelization, and these effects persist into the present. Increased
 nutrient inputs led to δ15N enrichment in the entire fish community at all
 affected sites, and a shift to autochthonous sources of carbon at the most
 proximal site downstream of wastewater release probably via
 'bottom-up' transfer. Overall, retrospective SIA of apex
 consumers suggests radical change and functional impairment of a
 floodplain river ecosystem already marked by significant biodiversity
 loss.
description: C, N Stable Isotope
 (delta) values for Rio Grande fishes from 1939-2002Isotopic ratios for
 carbon and nitrogen reported in delta values (per mil) for fishes obtained
 from the Museum of Southwestern Biology (MSB) at the University of New
 Mexico for study of aquatic food web change over time. Sample No.=
 sequential number to track and count samples, Catalog No. = MSB catalog
 number, Field No. = number linking to field notes of Melanie S. Edwards,
 Species = taxonomic name, Date Range = years pooled for comparison,
 Location = sample site on the Rio Grande, New Mexico,delta 15N, delta 13C,
 Day, Month, Year. CORRECTED DATA: 1.0 per mil HAS BEEN ADDED TO CARBON,
 0.5 SUBTRACTED FROM NITROGEN FOR SAMPLES WITH MSB CATALOG NUMBER. 2002
 DATA ARE UNCORRECTED.Final
 HisIsotope_Summary_All_dates TT
 4.4.2015.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g625b
title: Data from: Microsatellite primers for the Pacific Northwest conifer, Callitropsis nootkatensis (Cupressaceae)

description: Premise of the study: Microsatellite primers were developed for Nootka
 cypress (Callitropsis nootkatensis) to provide quantitative measures for
 gene conservation that can assist in guiding management decisions for a
 species experiencing climate-induced decline. Methods and Results: Using
 multiplexed massively parallel sequencing, we identified 136,785
 microsatellite-containing sequences from 489,625 paired-end 80 bp reads.
 After stringent filtering, we selected 144 primer pairs and screened
 variation at these loci in five populations of C. nootkatensis. Loci show
 between 3 and 36 dinucleotide repeats per locus, with an average of
 thirteen. Screening of these markers in the Pacific Northwest relative
 Chamaecyparis lawsoniana demonstrated no marker transferability. This
 finding highlights the narrow taxonomic utility of microsatellite markers
 in Callitropsis. Conclusions: These microsatellites show high polymorphism
 and can be used for routine screening of natural variation in Callitropsis
 nootkatensis, and will be particularly helpful in identifying clones and
 inbred relatives at the stand-level.
description: Jennings_Nootkacypress_PopInfoThis comma-delimited file provides location and genotype data for individuals from three populations of Alaska and one population of Oregon Nootka cypress that were surveyed with 11 microsatellite loci. The file shows individual numbers, population names, population latitudes, population longitudes, and the microsatellite allele length for diploid loci. Missing genotypes are indicated by the value "0, 0".Jennings_NootkaCypress_PopInfo.csvJennings_Nootkacypress_PrimerSeqsThis comma-delimited file provides information for 144 primers that were screened on four Nootka cypress populations. Included are the primer name, forward and reverse primer sequence, the original sequence name from Illumina sequencing, and the nucleotide sequence of the microread (2 x 80 bp, with read 1 and read 2 separated by 8 N's).Jennings_NootkaCypress_PrimerSeqs.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k7s8s
title: Data from: Genetic inactivation of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) eggs using UV-irradiation: observations and perspectives

description: Androgenesis is a form of uniparental reproduction leading to progenies
 inheriting only the paternal set of chromosomes. It has been achieved with
 variable success in a number of freshwater species and can be attained by
 artificial fertilization of genetically inactivated eggs following
 exposure to gamma (γ), X-ray or UV irradiation (haploid androgenesis) and
 by restoration of diploidy by suppression of mitosis using a pressure or
 thermal shock. The conditions for the genetic inactivation of the maternal
 genome in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) were explored
 using different combinations of UV irradiation levels and durations. UV
 treatments significantly affected embryo survival and generated a wide
 range of developmental abnormalities. Despite the wide range of UV doses
 tested (from 7.2 to 720 mJ.cm−2), only one dose (60 mJ.cm−2.min−1 with 1
 min irradiation) resulted in a small percentage (14%) of haploid larvae at
 hatching in the initial trials as verified by flow cytometry.
 Microsatellite marker analyses of three further batches of larvae produced
 by using this UV treatment showed a majority of larvae with variable
 levels of paternal and maternal contributions and only one larva
 displaying pure paternal inheritance. The results are discussed also in
 the context of an assessment of the UV-absorbance characteristics of egg
 extracts in this species that revealed the presence of gadusol, a compound
 structurally related to mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) with known
 UV-screening properties.
description: UV absorbance of seabass
 egg extracts at pH8 and pH3UV absorbance of
 European seabass egg extracts at pH8 and pH3. Wavelengths cover the entire
 UV spectrum (UVC: 200-280 nm, UVB: 280-315 nm, and UVA: 315-400
 nm).Seabass_UV ABS_pH8 &
 pH3.xlsx