cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026837.v1
title: Analysis of physical uncertainties in computer simulations of residential buildings

description: Abstract The aim of this paper is to analyse physical uncertainties in a computer simulation of a residential building and the implications for its thermal performance. The simulation experiment was performed using the Monte Carlo method, involving the thermal and physical properties of materials. The sensitivity of the variables was also analysed using regression and correlation coefficients. The degree-hours of discomfort criterion for heating and cooling for the climate of Florianópolis-SC were considered, according to adaptive thermal comfort limits. The results showed that uncertainties in degree-hours are high, i.e., 32% for cooling discomfort and 53% for heating discomfort. The uncertainty is largely due to the average monthly temperature of the ground. Other variables, such as the solar absorptance of the roof and the specific heat of the mortar of the walls had a relevant impact on heat discomfort. The density of the mortar and the specific heat of the brickwork walls affected the cooling discomfort. These variables need proper accuracy, either through more reliable databases and/or through field or laboratory measurements.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026840
title: Analysis of natural ventilation according to master plans: research results in Belem, PA

description: Abstract Urban design and territorial planning can be key factors in the environmental behaviour of constructed spaces. Among the different climate variables influenced by urban standards, the wind has a crucial importance. The wind flow speed is changed by urban occupation and densification. One of the tools available to study and predict wind flow is the physical space modelling software and computational fluid dynamic analysis, also known as CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The aim of this paper is to analyse wind flow in the central area of Belem, PA (Brazil), considering the urban planning prescriptions related to the Master Plans of 1993 and 2008. The method chosen in the study was CFD simulations. The results showed that urban densification and reduced indents between buildings are the biggest obstacles to wind flow in the simulated scenarios. These obstacles reduce wind speed and its ventilation potential, and are associated with the influence of the shape and orientation of buildings on the airflow conditions in urban areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026840.v1
title: Analysis of natural ventilation according to master plans: research results in Belem, PA

description: Abstract Urban design and territorial planning can be key factors in the environmental behaviour of constructed spaces. Among the different climate variables influenced by urban standards, the wind has a crucial importance. The wind flow speed is changed by urban occupation and densification. One of the tools available to study and predict wind flow is the physical space modelling software and computational fluid dynamic analysis, also known as CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The aim of this paper is to analyse wind flow in the central area of Belem, PA (Brazil), considering the urban planning prescriptions related to the Master Plans of 1993 and 2008. The method chosen in the study was CFD simulations. The results showed that urban densification and reduced indents between buildings are the biggest obstacles to wind flow in the simulated scenarios. These obstacles reduce wind speed and its ventilation potential, and are associated with the influence of the shape and orientation of buildings on the airflow conditions in urban areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026841
title: The analysis and the compatibility of the simplified and simulation methods from NBR 15575: bioclimatic zone 2

description: Abstract This paper aims to analyse and evaluate the relevance of the established limits, as well as to propose a compatibility methodology between the methods of evaluation of thermal performance adopted by NBR 15575. The studies were conducted for bioclimatic zone 2, taking a one-storey, social housing building as caso base. The studies were performed through a computer simulation of 300 randomly defined configurations using the Latin Hypercube method; the building was modelled and configured by the 3.0.0.105 Design Builder program version and then simulated according to NBR 15575's criteria for a typical summer and a typical winter day, as well for the entire year through a reference climate file. The results show that there is no compatibility between the simplified method and the simulation method in the typical days, since in the latter almost all configurations are approved. The annual simulation method by degree-hours proved to be more coherent with the requirements of the simplified method. By establishing discomfort degree-hours (DDH) criteria, it was possible to establish the compatibility between the methods, so that, in order to be approved by simulation, the building must present at least the performance specified by the simplified method. The limit values of the simplified method proved to be coherent, requiring only the indication of an increase in the minimum value of the thermal capacity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026841.v1
title: The analysis and the compatibility of the simplified and simulation methods from NBR 15575: bioclimatic zone 2

description: Abstract This paper aims to analyse and evaluate the relevance of the established limits, as well as to propose a compatibility methodology between the methods of evaluation of thermal performance adopted by NBR 15575. The studies were conducted for bioclimatic zone 2, taking a one-storey, social housing building as caso base. The studies were performed through a computer simulation of 300 randomly defined configurations using the Latin Hypercube method; the building was modelled and configured by the 3.0.0.105 Design Builder program version and then simulated according to NBR 15575's criteria for a typical summer and a typical winter day, as well for the entire year through a reference climate file. The results show that there is no compatibility between the simplified method and the simulation method in the typical days, since in the latter almost all configurations are approved. The annual simulation method by degree-hours proved to be more coherent with the requirements of the simplified method. By establishing discomfort degree-hours (DDH) criteria, it was possible to establish the compatibility between the methods, so that, in order to be approved by simulation, the building must present at least the performance specified by the simplified method. The limit values of the simplified method proved to be coherent, requiring only the indication of an increase in the minimum value of the thermal capacity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026845
title: Proposition of a "vegetation fraction" index and its relationship with air temperature and thermal comfort changes during daytime in summer in Curitiba

description: Abstract This paper analyses the impact of the introduction of green areas on the reduction of pedestrian heat stress in days with heat discomfort. The paper focuses on two relevant urban mobility initiatives that use greenery enhancement as a strategy for the requalification of urban environments in Curitiba: (1) the proposal of the first underground railway system in the state and (2) the transformation of an interstate highway into an urban avenue. Segments of such projects are evaluated as study areas (Sete de Setembro and Linha Verde) with the aim of proposing an index that estimates the vegetation cover needed to promote air temperature drops at the pedestrian scale during daytime in summer. Additionally, the study analyses the impact on thermal comfort through the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). For that purpose, we carried out a field study where we monitored relevant meteorological data, as well as computer simulations using the ENVI-met model. Results suggest that an increase of 70% in vegetated fraction would be needed to offset 1°C in mean ambient temperature in the area analysed, which represents the cooling potential of vegetation fractions in urban conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026845.v1
title: Proposition of a "vegetation fraction" index and its relationship with air temperature and thermal comfort changes during daytime in summer in Curitiba

description: Abstract This paper analyses the impact of the introduction of green areas on the reduction of pedestrian heat stress in days with heat discomfort. The paper focuses on two relevant urban mobility initiatives that use greenery enhancement as a strategy for the requalification of urban environments in Curitiba: (1) the proposal of the first underground railway system in the state and (2) the transformation of an interstate highway into an urban avenue. Segments of such projects are evaluated as study areas (Sete de Setembro and Linha Verde) with the aim of proposing an index that estimates the vegetation cover needed to promote air temperature drops at the pedestrian scale during daytime in summer. Additionally, the study analyses the impact on thermal comfort through the universal thermal climate index (UTCI). For that purpose, we carried out a field study where we monitored relevant meteorological data, as well as computer simulations using the ENVI-met model. Results suggest that an increase of 70% in vegetated fraction would be needed to offset 1°C in mean ambient temperature in the area analysed, which represents the cooling potential of vegetation fractions in urban conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026846
title: Analysis of the Brazilian bioclimatic zoning: case study of Colatina, ES

description: Abstract The development of bioclimatic zones enables the design of strategies targeted specifically at the different areas where buildings are going to be constructed. The Brazilian Standard NBR 15220-03/2005 features the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zoning and Construction Guidelines For Low-Income Family Housing. However, since its publication, researchers have argued that the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zoning needs to be updated, especially regarding the climate accuracy of Brazilian cities. As this standard is the only climate classification in the country, its recommendations are applied to a wide variety of buildings, which highlights the need for a review. With the contribution of these researchers, several suggestions of updates to the current zoning have emerged. The purpose of this paper is to discuss different proposals for Brazilian bioclimatic zoning, both that of NBR 15220-3's and its review proposals, through their application in the region of Colatina, in the sate of Espírito Santo. The research method consisted in applying the Colatina climate database files to each methodology employed in the definitions of bioclimatic zoning. The results showed that the chosen method directly interferes in the climate classification of Colatina: depending on the method used, the area under study may be considered to be in the same zone as its neighbouring cities or in a different one.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026846.v1
title: Analysis of the Brazilian bioclimatic zoning: case study of Colatina, ES

description: Abstract The development of bioclimatic zones enables the design of strategies targeted specifically at the different areas where buildings are going to be constructed. The Brazilian Standard NBR 15220-03/2005 features the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zoning and Construction Guidelines For Low-Income Family Housing. However, since its publication, researchers have argued that the Brazilian Bioclimatic Zoning needs to be updated, especially regarding the climate accuracy of Brazilian cities. As this standard is the only climate classification in the country, its recommendations are applied to a wide variety of buildings, which highlights the need for a review. With the contribution of these researchers, several suggestions of updates to the current zoning have emerged. The purpose of this paper is to discuss different proposals for Brazilian bioclimatic zoning, both that of NBR 15220-3's and its review proposals, through their application in the region of Colatina, in the sate of Espírito Santo. The research method consisted in applying the Colatina climate database files to each methodology employed in the definitions of bioclimatic zoning. The results showed that the chosen method directly interferes in the climate classification of Colatina: depending on the method used, the area under study may be considered to be in the same zone as its neighbouring cities or in a different one.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026848.v1
title: Multi-criteria comparative analysis of urban sustainability strategies applied to Cidade Pedra Branca (Palhoça, SC) and Vauban (Freiburg, Germany)

description: Abstract Urban areas can be considered as physical, functional and also energy systems, whose components present interdependencies that affect their metabolism, performance and efficiency. The purpose of this article is to analyse, in a comparative and multi-criteria method, urban sustainability strategies at a neighbourhood scale, using two case studies: Cidade Pedra Branca (Palhoça, Brazil) and Vauban (Freiburg, Germany). Parameters and indicators on governance, urban morphology, urban mobility and accessibility, as well as energy efficiency and energy supply were identified, systematized and analysed for their potential to solve technical, social, economic, environmental and /or institutional challenges. The results showed that urban planning at a neighbourhood scale could certainly contribute to improve the living conditions of urban communities and assist municipalities to manage and integrate different sectors. Besides, the most promising strategies have shown to be: strong governance carried out by the public sector or building owners to control schedule and quality of urban development projects; application of integrated strategies to enable more suitable urban transport systems; and enhancement of both energy demand and supply to achieve a higher overall energy performance and increase the use of renewable and local energy systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026848
title: Multi-criteria comparative analysis of urban sustainability strategies applied to Cidade Pedra Branca (Palhoça, SC) and Vauban (Freiburg, Germany)

description: Abstract Urban areas can be considered as physical, functional and also energy systems, whose components present interdependencies that affect their metabolism, performance and efficiency. The purpose of this article is to analyse, in a comparative and multi-criteria method, urban sustainability strategies at a neighbourhood scale, using two case studies: Cidade Pedra Branca (Palhoça, Brazil) and Vauban (Freiburg, Germany). Parameters and indicators on governance, urban morphology, urban mobility and accessibility, as well as energy efficiency and energy supply were identified, systematized and analysed for their potential to solve technical, social, economic, environmental and /or institutional challenges. The results showed that urban planning at a neighbourhood scale could certainly contribute to improve the living conditions of urban communities and assist municipalities to manage and integrate different sectors. Besides, the most promising strategies have shown to be: strong governance carried out by the public sector or building owners to control schedule and quality of urban development projects; application of integrated strategies to enable more suitable urban transport systems; and enhancement of both energy demand and supply to achieve a higher overall energy performance and increase the use of renewable and local energy systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026849
title: Mapping and analysis of permanent preservation areas and green corridors in the city of Araraquara

description: Abstract This paper presents a comparative analysis of the guidelines of the 2005 Master Plan of Araraquara city (PD) and its latest review, of 2014, regarding the space arrangement of permanent preservation areas (APPs) and green corridors (Ciecos). Data from the Municipal Department of the Environment (SMMA), and the Department of Urban Planning (SPU) were used, as well as satellite images from Google Earth, all integrated into QGIS software. It was possible to determine occupancy statistics, as well as the classification of APP's and Ciecos within the urban area of the city of Araraquara, Brazil. The researchers verified that the 2014 review of the PD implemented a reduction in the width of the Ciecos, from 70 meters to 50 meters, and expanded the purposes of allowed usage. In addition, 81.6% of APP's and 59.6% of the Ciecos did not present any characteristics of recent anthropic use. The changes introduced by the 2014 PD revision failed to consider the environmental attributions of the Ciecos, whose use had been allowed exclusively for the implementation of urban linear parks, which might indicate an urban development reality that overlooks environmental issues and ignores factors related to the quality of the life of citizens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026826
title: Supplementary Material for: Finerenone Reduces Renal RORγt γδ T Cells and Protects against Cardiorenal Damage

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Chronic activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) leads to pathological processes like inflammation and fibrosis during cardiorenal disease. Modulation of immunological processes in the heart or kidney may serve as a mechanistic and therapeutic interface in cardiorenal pathologies. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory/-fibrotic and immunological effects of the selective nonsteroidal MR antagonists finerenone (FIN) in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt model. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Male C57BL6/J mice were uninephrectomized and received a DOCA pellet implantation (2.4 mg/day) plus 0.9% NaCl in drinking water (DOCA-salt) or received a sham operation and were orally treated with FIN (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle in a preventive study design. Five weeks after the procedure, blood pressure (BP), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), glomerular and tubulointerstitial damage, echocardiographic cardiac function, as well as cardiac/renal inflammatory cell content by FACS analysis were assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> BP was significantly reduced by FIN. FACS analysis revealed a notable immune response due to DOCA-salt exposure. Especially, infiltrating renal RORγt γδ-positive T cells were upregulated, which was significantly ameliorated by FIN treatment. This was accompanied by a significant reduction of UACR in FIN-treated mice. In the heart, FIN reduced DOCA-salt-induced cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis and led to an improvement of the global longitudinal strain. Cardiac actions of FIN were not associated with a regulation of cardiac RORγt γδ-positive T cells. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> The present study shows cardiac and renal protective effects of FIN in a DOCA-salt model. The cardiorenal protection was accompanied by a reduction of renal RORγt γδ T cells. The observed actions of FIN may provide a potential mechanism of its efficacy recently observed in clinical trials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026826.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Finerenone Reduces Renal RORγt γδ T Cells and Protects against Cardiorenal Damage

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Chronic activation of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) leads to pathological processes like inflammation and fibrosis during cardiorenal disease. Modulation of immunological processes in the heart or kidney may serve as a mechanistic and therapeutic interface in cardiorenal pathologies. In this study, we investigated anti-inflammatory/-fibrotic and immunological effects of the selective nonsteroidal MR antagonists finerenone (FIN) in the deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt model. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Male C57BL6/J mice were uninephrectomized and received a DOCA pellet implantation (2.4 mg/day) plus 0.9% NaCl in drinking water (DOCA-salt) or received a sham operation and were orally treated with FIN (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle in a preventive study design. Five weeks after the procedure, blood pressure (BP), urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), glomerular and tubulointerstitial damage, echocardiographic cardiac function, as well as cardiac/renal inflammatory cell content by FACS analysis were assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> BP was significantly reduced by FIN. FACS analysis revealed a notable immune response due to DOCA-salt exposure. Especially, infiltrating renal RORγt γδ-positive T cells were upregulated, which was significantly ameliorated by FIN treatment. This was accompanied by a significant reduction of UACR in FIN-treated mice. In the heart, FIN reduced DOCA-salt-induced cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis and led to an improvement of the global longitudinal strain. Cardiac actions of FIN were not associated with a regulation of cardiac RORγt γδ-positive T cells. <b><i>Discussion/Conclusion:</i></b> The present study shows cardiac and renal protective effects of FIN in a DOCA-salt model. The cardiorenal protection was accompanied by a reduction of renal RORγt γδ T cells. The observed actions of FIN may provide a potential mechanism of its efficacy recently observed in clinical trials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20026849.v1
title: Mapping and analysis of permanent preservation areas and green corridors in the city of Araraquara

description: Abstract This paper presents a comparative analysis of the guidelines of the 2005 Master Plan of Araraquara city (PD) and its latest review, of 2014, regarding the space arrangement of permanent preservation areas (APPs) and green corridors (Ciecos). Data from the Municipal Department of the Environment (SMMA), and the Department of Urban Planning (SPU) were used, as well as satellite images from Google Earth, all integrated into QGIS software. It was possible to determine occupancy statistics, as well as the classification of APP's and Ciecos within the urban area of the city of Araraquara, Brazil. The researchers verified that the 2014 review of the PD implemented a reduction in the width of the Ciecos, from 70 meters to 50 meters, and expanded the purposes of allowed usage. In addition, 81.6% of APP's and 59.6% of the Ciecos did not present any characteristics of recent anthropic use. The changes introduced by the 2014 PD revision failed to consider the environmental attributions of the Ciecos, whose use had been allowed exclusively for the implementation of urban linear parks, which might indicate an urban development reality that overlooks environmental issues and ignores factors related to the quality of the life of citizens.