cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/e57w-m804
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - EPICA Dronning Maud Land, EPICA South Pole - CO2 Data for the Last Millennium

description: The most direct method of investigating past variations of the atmospheric CO2 concentration before 1958, when continuous direct atmospheric CO2 measurements started, is the analysis of air extracted from suitable ice cores. Here we present a new detailed CO2 record from the Dronning Maud Land (DML) ice core, drilled in the framework of the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica (EPICA) and some new measurements on a previously drilled ice core from the South Pole. The DML CO2 record shows an increase from about 278 to 282 parts per million by volume (ppmv) between AD 1000 and AD 1200 and a fairly continuous decrease to a mean value of about 277 ppmv around AD 1700. While the new South Pole measurements agree well with DML at the minimum at AD 1700 they are on average about 2 ppmv lower during the period AD 1000–1500. Published measurements from the coastal high-accumulation site Law Dome are considered as very reliable because of the reproducibility of the measurements, high temporal resolution and an accurate time scale. Other Antarctic ice cores could not, or only partly, reproduce the pre-industrial measurements from Law Dome. A comparison of the trends of DML and Law Dome shows a general agreement. However we should be able to rule out co-variations caused by the same artefact. Two possible effects are discussed, first production of CO2 by chemical reactions and second diffusion of dissolved air through the ice matrix into the bubbles. While the first effect cannot be totally excluded, comparison of the Law Dome and DML record shows that dissolved air diffusing to bubbles cannot be responsible for the pre-industrial variation. Therefore, the new record is not a proof of the Law Dome results but the first very strong support from an ice core of the Antarctic plateau.
description: We measured samples covering the time period from 950 to 1900 yr A.D. on 71 and 14 depth intervals of the DML and the South Pole ice core, respectively. At each depth interval of 60-100 mm, six samples were measured. The DML and South Pole data are corrected for gravitational separation of gases in the firn column based on the barometric formula to get closer to the true atmospheric value. For DML, a tentative timescale was used by adjusting the DML timescale to Dome C by comparing the records of electrical conductivity of both cores. The difference of gas age/ice age (D age) was assumed as 825 yrs. For the South Pole record, a new timescale was calculated,  because an event recorded with the electrical conductivity method (ECM) attributed to a volcanic eruption in 1259 yr A.D. [Langway et al., 1988] indicates that the timescale used in Siegenthaler et al. [1988] is too young at this depth. This results in a lower average accumulation rate of 76.2 kg m-2yr-1 compared to the previously used value of 84 kg m-2yr-1. On average, the South Pole scale was about 200 yrs too young over the last millennium.
DOI: 10.25921/eprw-j444
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Metal deposition and sedimentology in a closed-basin lake near Quelccaya Ice Cap during the Holocene

description: Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that is transported globally through the atmosphere. Emissions of Hg from mineral reservoirs and recycling between soil/biomass, oceans, and the atmosphere are fundamental to the global Hg cycle, yet past emissions from anthropogenic and natural sources are not fully constrained. We use a sediment core from Yanacocha, a headwater lake in southeastern Peru, to study the anthropogenic and natural controls on atmospheric Hg deposition during the Holocene. From 12.3 to 3.5 ka, Hg fluxes in the record are relatively constant (mean ± 1σ: 1.4 ± 0.6 ugm-2 a-1). Past Hg deposition does not correlate with changes in regional temperature and precipitation or with most large volcanic events that occurred regionally (~300–400 km from Yanacocha) and globally. In 1450 B.C. (3.4 ka), Hg fluxes abruptly increased and reached the Holocene-maximum flux (6.7 ugm-2 a-1) in 1200 B.C., concurrent with a ~100 year peak in Fe and chalcophile metals (As, Ag, Tl) and the presence of framboidal pyrite. Continuously elevated Hg fluxes from 1200 to 500 B.C. suggest a protracted mining-dust source near Yanacocha that is identical in timing to documented pre-Incan cinnabar mining in central Peru. During Incan and Colonial time (A.D. 1450–1650), Hg deposition remains elevated relative to background levels but lower relative to other Hg records from sediment cores in central Peru, indicating a limited spatial extent of preindustrial Hg emissions. Hg fluxes from A.D. 1980 to 2011 (4.0± 1.0 ugm-2 a-1) are 3.0 ± 1.5 times greater than preanthropogenic fluxes.
description: Continuous 1-cm sampling of a 3.3-m sediment core from Yanacocha and analysis for metals, LOI550, biogenic silica, and total Ti; Key Points, "Hg deposition did not vary with past precipitation, temperature,and volcanism", Maximum Holocene Hg fluxes occurred ~3 thousand years ago, Modern Hg fluxes are 3 times greater than natural fluxes.
DOI: 10.25921/ed3f-x037
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GRIP Ice Core 200KYR d18O of Atmospheric Oxygen

description: We make use of a simple diagnostic box model to determine the sensitivities of the influencing parameters for the isotopic signal transfer of seawater oxygen to atmospheric oxygen. We calculate the d18O of atmospheric oxygen from prescribed oxygen fluxes of the living and dead biomes on land and in the ocean, respectively. The model is driven by an assumed (experiment 1) or measured (experiments 2 and 3) temporal seawater d18O signal and a land biomass estimation. In experiment 1, we calculated the required changes of several model parameters in order to study fast variations of d18O of atmospheric oxygen as seen in the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice at depths assigned to the Eemian time period. Our calculations support evidence of stratigraphic problems at these depths in the GRIP ice core. In experiment 2, we adjusted the model output, which was driven by the benthic seawater d18O record from V19-30, to the measured Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 d18O record of atmospheric oxygen for the last 110,000 years, by varying the model parameter. Single and multi-parameter matchings were performed. The results for single-parameter runs exceed the uncertainty ranges for most of the parameters, while multiparameter variations are well within these ranges. The model calculations are most sensitive to the land respiration factor. Our results support the findings of Van de Water et al. [1994] that the fractionations associated with biomes activities were most probably lower during cold periods, which could point to a combination of fractionations with different temperature dependencies. The model results indicate periods of higher marine biological activity during the ice age than today. Temporal variations of the model parameters show a double peak around 10000 and 8000 years ago, which could be associated with meltwater pulses, as shown in experiment 3. However, they are hardly the well-known Fairbanks [Fairbanks et al., 1992] pulses since these occur 3000 to 4000 years earlier.
description: d18O values (permil against modern air taken at Bern in 1994).
DOI: 10.25921/ew11-bc30
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Smith - Wapiti Ridge - TSME - ITRDB CANA474

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-01-27. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/exmw-q495
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Wilson - Kootenay - PCEN - ITRDB CANA230

description: Maximum latewood density (MXD) is a strong proxy of summer temperatures. Despite this, there is a paucity of long MXD chronologies in the Northern Hemisphere, which limits large-scale tree-ring-based reconstructions of past temperature which are dominated by ring-width (RW) data - a weaker temperature proxy at inter-annual time-scales. This paucity likely results from the relative expense of measuring MXD and the lack of laboratories with the facilities to measure it. Herein, we test the ability of a relatively new, less expensive, tree-ring parameter, Blue Intensity (BI), to act as a surrogate parameter for MXD. BI was measured on Engelmann spruce samples from British Columbia where MXD had previously been measured to allow direct comparison between the two parameters. Signal strength analyses indicate that 8 MXD series were needed to acquire a robust mean chronology while BI needed 14. Utilising different detrending methods and parameter choices (RW + MXD vs RW + BI), a suite of reconstruction variants was developed. The explained variance from the regression modelling (1901-1995) of May-August maximum temperatures ranged from 52% to 55%. Validation tests over the earlier 1870-1900 period could not statistically distinguish between the different variants, although spectral analysis identified more lower frequency information extant in the MXD-based reconstructions - although this result was sensitive to the detrending method used. Ultimately, despite the MXD-based reconstruction explaining slightly more of the climatic variance, statistically robust reconstructions of past summer temperatures were also derived using BI. These results suggest that there is great potential in utilising BI for dendroclimatology in place of MXD data. However, more experimentation is needed to understand (1) how well BI can capture centennial and lower frequency information and (2) what biases may result from wood discolouration, either from species showing a distinct heartwood/sapwood boundary or from partly decayed sub-fossil samples. 
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/e5zd-7w68
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Smith - Liberty Glacier - ABLA - ITRDB CANA486

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-01-27. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/e46m-s032
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Hercules Nèvé, Antarctica 220 Year Ice Core d18O and Accumulation Data

description: A 42.2 m firn core was collected at the Hercules Nèvé Plateau (100 km inland and 2960 m a.s.l.) in Northern Victoria Land, during the 1994-95 Italian Antarctic Expedition. Chemical (Cl-, NO3-, SO4-2 and H2O2) and isotope (d18O) analyses were performed to evaluate the snow-accumulation rate at this site. Tritium measurements were performed in the upper part of the core in order to narrow down the dating of the core. High nss SO4-2 concentrations seem to be related to some explosive volcanic eruptions, such as Tambora (1815) and the preceding event called "Unknown" (A.D. 1809), Coseguina (A.D. 1835), Makjan (A.D. 1861), Krakatoa (A.D. 1883) and Tarawera (A.D. 1886). A comparison between the seasonal variations observed in the isotope and chemical profiles was carried out in order to reduce the dating uncertainty, using the tritium and the volcanic markers as time constraints. A deposition period of 222 years was thus determined. The 3 year smoothed d18O profile shows more negative values from the bottom of the core (dated A.D. 1770) throughout all the 19th century, suggesting 'cooler' conditions in agreement with other East Antarctic ice-core records. Subsequently, a general increase in d18O values is observed. The calculated average snow-accumulation rates between the above-mentioned time markers are 111-129 kg m-2 a-1.
description: Herlules Névé, Antarctica ice core d18O and accumulation data for the past 220 years.
DOI: 10.25921/e269-xx21
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lopez - Palestina - CEMC - ITRDB BOL002

description: Moisture sensitive tree ring chronologies of Centrolobium microchaete have been developed from seasonally dry forests in the southern Amazon Basin and used to reconstruct wet season rainfall totals from 1799 to 2012, adding over 150 years of rainfall estimates to the short instrumental record for the region. The reconstruction is correlated with the same atmospheric variables that influence the instrumental measurements of wet season rainfall. Anticyclonic circulation over midlatitude South America promotes equatorward surges of cold and relatively dry extratropical air that converge with warm moist air to form deep convection and heavy rainfall over this sector of the southern Amazon Basin. Interesting droughts and pluvials are reconstructed during the preinstrumental nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but the tree ring reconstruction suggests that the strong multidecadal variability in instrumental and reconstructed wet season rainfall after 1950 may have been unmatched since 1799.
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-13. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-29.
DOI: 10.25921/ejhr-8k40
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lopez - Santa Monica - CEMC - ITRDB BOL004

description: Moisture sensitive tree ring chronologies of Centrolobium microchaete have been developed from seasonally dry forests in the southern Amazon Basin and used to reconstruct wet season rainfall totals from 1799 to 2012, adding over 150 years of rainfall estimates to the short instrumental record for the region. The reconstruction is correlated with the same atmospheric variables that influence the instrumental measurements of wet season rainfall. Anticyclonic circulation over midlatitude South America promotes equatorward surges of cold and relatively dry extratropical air that converge with warm moist air to form deep convection and heavy rainfall over this sector of the southern Amazon Basin. Interesting droughts and pluvials are reconstructed during the preinstrumental nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but the tree ring reconstruction suggests that the strong multidecadal variability in instrumental and reconstructed wet season rainfall after 1950 may have been unmatched since 1799.
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-13. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-29.
DOI: 10.25921/e5e8-v161
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Mundo fire data from Morena Torre, Patagonia - IMPD ARMTO001

description: Fire is a major disturbance affecting forests worldwide with significant economic, social and ecological impacts. The southernmost forests on Earth extend continuously along the Andes from mid- to subantarctic latitudes in South America. In this region, warming and drying trends since the mid-20th century have been linked to a positive trend in the Southern Annual Mode (SAM), the leading mode of extratropical climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere. Due to the scarcity of documentary fire records and the lack of tree-ring fire histories, little is known about how wildfire activity responds to shifts in the westerly circulation pattern and associated climatic variability in the Andean region south of c. 44°S. For the first time, we applied dendrochronological techniques to reconstruct fire history from the angiosperm Nothofagus pumilio at 16 sites distributed from c. 44 to 50oS to determine relationships between fire occurrence and the two primary drivers of wildfire activity: climate variability and human activities. Partial cross-sections with fire-scars were collected from 363 trees in Argentina and Chile. Chronologies of annually resolved fire-scar dates start in 1791 and show a pattern of higher fire frequency during the 20th century, concurrent with the human occupation and colonization processes in southern Patagonia. Years of widespread fire occurring synchronously in two or more disjunct sites are associated with broad-scale climatic anomalies. Intense droughts inferred from extreme departures in temperature, precipitation and the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) during the growing seasons of 1944 and 1962 are consistent with the two most severe fires at northern sites. Extended droughts, reflected by the association of fire occurrence with 6-month cumulative precipitation and SPEI, create conditions for widespread fires at the southern sites (south of c. 46°S). Regional fires were concurrent with significant positive departures of SAM during the austral spring-summer. This tree-ring fire record reveals the influences of both climate variability and human activities on fire in the N. pumilio forests across the Andes, and also establishes the feasibility of using this tree species as a natural archive of fire history.
DOI: 10.25921/eh7g-2574
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Graybill - Rose Peak Recollection - PIPO - ITRDB AZ541

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156069.20241212.9.2
title: Acidovorax sp.

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156069.20251217.10
title: Acidovorax sp.

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.3535/dnc-tf0-ca5
title: Noctuidae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Finnish Museum of Natural History.
DOI: 10.3535/kn7-apf-xj4
title: Noctuidae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Finnish Museum of Natural History.
DOI: 10.3535/v3d-n1h-w5p
title: Noctuidae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Finnish Museum of Natural History.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156070.20241212.9.2
title: Bhargavaea ginsengi

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156070.20251217.10
title: Bhargavaea ginsengi

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156071.20241212.9.2
title: Schaalia turicensis

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.w5a97u
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 286 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-36.59065 25.47918,23.59065 25.47918,23.59065 49.52082,-36.59065 49.52082,-36.59065 25.47918))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Hedypnois arenaria"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 286 records from 33 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0078833-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156071.20251217.10
title: Schaalia turicensis

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156072.20241212.9.2
title: Enterobacter hormaechei

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156072.20251217.10
title: Enterobacter hormaechei

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156073.20241212.9.2
title: Bacteroides ovatus

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156073.20251217.10
title: Bacteroides ovatus

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156074.20241212.9.2
title: Eikenella corrodens

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156074.20251217.10
title: Eikenella corrodens

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156075.20241212.9.2
title: Clostridioides difficile

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156075.20251217.10
title: Clostridioides difficile

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156076.20241212.9.2
title: Clostridioides difficile

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156076.20251217.10
title: Clostridioides difficile

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.3535/mqy-1sh-h9r
title: Noctuidae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Finnish Museum of Natural History.
DOI: 10.3535/zkd-nqg-8qf
title: Sideridis (Aneda) Sukhareva, 1973

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Finnish Museum of Natural History.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156077.20241212.9.2
title: Dermabacter hominis

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive156077.20251217.10
title: Dermabacter hominis

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.