cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v275qv6
title: Data from: The effects of agent hybridization on the efficacy of biological control of tansy ragwort at high elevations

description: The success rate of weed biological control programs is difficult to
 evaluate and the factors affecting it remain poorly understood. One aspect
 which is still unclear is whether releases of multiple, genetically
 distinct populations of a biological control agent increase the likelihood
 of success, either by independent colonization of different environmental
 niches or by hybridization that may increase the agent’s fitness and
 adaptive ability. Since hybridization is often invoked to explain the
 success of unintentionally introduced exotic species, hybridization among
 biocontrol agents may be similarly important in shaping the effectiveness
 of biological control programs. In this study, we first evaluated
 intraspecific hybridization among populations of a weed biological control
 agent, the ragwort flea beetle, Longitarsus jacobaeae. These insects were
 introduced as part of a classical biological control program from Italy
 and Switzerland. We genotyped 204 individuals from 15 field sites
 collected in northwest Montana, and an additional 52 individuals that
 served as references for Italian and Swiss populations. Bayesian analysis
 of population structure assigned seven populations as pure Swiss and one
 population as pure Italian while intra-specific hybrid individuals were
 detected in seven populations at frequencies of 5–69%. Subsequently we
 conducted a two-year exclusion experiment using six sites with Swiss
 beetles and three with hybrid beetles to evaluate the impact of biological
 control. We found that biological control by Swiss beetles and by hybrid
 beetles is effective, increasing mortality of the target plant, Jacobaea
 vulgaris, by 42 and 45%, and reducing fecundity of surviving plants by 44
 and 72%, respectively. Beetle densities were higher and mortality of
 larger plants was higher at sites with hybrids present. These results
 suggest that hybridization of ragwort flea beetles at high elevation sites
 may improve biological control of tansy ragwort, and that intraspecific
 hybridization of agents could benefit biological control programs.
description: Master_Data3 tabs with data (plant, larvae, genomics) and 3 tabs explaining the meaning of the various columns in the data sheets
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17748935
title: INRIM_Brand1_400F_1_23C_0k_EDLC_single

description: MetSuperCap Project Dataset 400F SC sample 1 INRIM   - EDLC Single - Brand1

Part of the Constant Temperature DataBase
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17748936
title: INRIM_Brand1_400F_1_23C_0k_EDLC_single

description: MetSuperCap Project Dataset 400F SC sample 1 INRIM   - EDLC Single - Brand1

Part of the Constant Temperature DataBase
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jp328r6
title: Data from: Butterfly-host plant synchrony determines patterns of host use across years and regions

description: Variation in the degree of synchrony among host plants and herbivores can
 disrupt or intensify species interactions, alter the strength of natural
 selection on traits associated with phenological timing, and drive novel
 host plant associations. We used field observations from three regions
 during four seasons to examine how timing of the butterfly herbivore
 Anthocharis cardamines relative to six host plant species (Arabis hirsuta,
 Cardamine pratensis, Arabis glabra, Arabidopsis thaliana, Thlaspi
 caerulescens, and Capsella bursa-pastoris) influenced host species use and
 the choice of host plant individuals within populations. Butterflies laid
 a larger fraction of their eggs on species that were closer to the
 butterfly’s preferred stage of development than on other host species.
 Within host plant populations, butterflies showed a stronger preference
 for individuals with a late phenology when plants within the population
 were on average more developed at the time of butterfly flight. Our
 results suggest that changes in synchrony between herbivores and their
 host plants are associated with changes in both host species use and the
 choice of host plant individuals differing in phenology within
 populations. This is likely to be an important mechanism generating
 variation in interaction intensities and trait selection in the wild, and
 therefore also relevant for understanding how anthropogenic induced
 changes, such as global warming, will influence natural communities.
description: Plant phenology in the
 fieldPlant phenology and
 occurrence of egg/larva recorded in the field during the sampling years
 2010-2013Sampling site
 areasAreas of the sampling
 plots in each of the sites/regions
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18389952
title: YUQORI SINF O'QUVCHILARIDA ESTETIK MADANIYATNI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY METODLARI

description: Ushbu maqolada estetik tarbiyaning mazmun-mohiyati, maqsad va vazifalari, o’quvchilarda estetik madaniyatni shakllantirishning pedagogik asoslari yoritib berilgan. Bugungi kunda o’quvchilarning estetik dunyoqarashini shakllantirish, ularning ijodiy qobiliyatlarini o’stirish va go’zallikni anglash ko’nikmalarini tarbiyalash dolzarb ahamiyatga ega. Maqolada estetik tarbiyaning ilmiy-nazariy asoslari, yuqori sinf o’quvchilarida estetik madaniyatni shakllantirishning asosiy tamoyillari va zamonaviy metodlari ko’rib chiqilgan.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18389953
title: YUQORI SINF O'QUVCHILARIDA ESTETIK MADANIYATNI SHAKLLANTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY METODLARI

description: Ushbu maqolada estetik tarbiyaning mazmun-mohiyati, maqsad va vazifalari, o’quvchilarda estetik madaniyatni shakllantirishning pedagogik asoslari yoritib berilgan. Bugungi kunda o’quvchilarning estetik dunyoqarashini shakllantirish, ularning ijodiy qobiliyatlarini o’stirish va go’zallikni anglash ko’nikmalarini tarbiyalash dolzarb ahamiyatga ega. Maqolada estetik tarbiyaning ilmiy-nazariy asoslari, yuqori sinf o’quvchilarida estetik madaniyatni shakllantirishning asosiy tamoyillari va zamonaviy metodlari ko’rib chiqilgan.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d6t5081
title: Data from: A Western route of prehistoric human migration from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula

description: Being at the Western fringe of Europe, Iberia had a peculiar prehistory
 and a complex pattern of Neolithization. A few studies, all based on
 modern populations, reported the presence of DNA of likely African origin
 in this region, generally concluding it was the result of recent gene
 flow, probably during the Islamic period. Here we provide evidence of much
 older gene flow from Africa to Iberia by sequencing whole genomes from
 four human remains from Northern Portugal and Southern Spain dated around
 4,000 years BP (from the Middle Neolithic to the Bronze Age). We found one
 of them to carry an unequivocal Sub-Saharan mitogenome of most likely West
 or West-Central African origin, never reported before in prehistoric
 remains outside Africa. Our analyses of ancient nuclear genomes show small
 but significant levels of Sub-Saharan African affinity in several ancient
 Iberian samples, which indicates that what we detected was not an
 occasional individual phenomenon, but an admixture event recognizable at
 the population level. We interpret this result as evidence of an early
 migration process from Africa into the Iberian Peninsula through a Western
 route, possibly across the Strait of Gibraltar.
description: Alignment_ancient_phylogenyAlignment of complete mitogenome sequences for ancient phylogeny (related to Figure 2)Alignment_modern_phylogenyAlingment of mitogenome sequences for modern phylogeny (related to Supplementary Figure S5)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.73rm81p
title: Data from: How do baleen whales stow their filter? A comparative biomechanical analysis of baleen bending

description: Bowhead and right whale (balaenid) baleen filtering plates, longer in
 vertical dimension (3-4+ m) than the closed mouth, presumably bend during
 gape closure. This has not been observed in live whales, even with
 scrutiny of videorecorded feeding sequences. To determine what happens to
 baleen as gape closes, we conducted an integrative, multifactorial study
 including materials testing, functional (flow tank and kinematic) testing,
 and histological examination. We measured baleen bending properties along
 the dorsoventral length of plates and anteroposterior location within a
 rack of plates via mechanical (axial bending, composite flexure,
 compression, and tension) tests of hydrated and air-dried tissue samples
 from balaenid and other whale baleen. Balaenid baleen is remarkably strong
 yet pliable, with ductile fringes and low stiffness and high elasticity
 when wet; it likely bends in the closed mouth when not used for
 filtration. Calculation of flexural modulus from stress/strain experiments
 shows baleen is slightly more flexible where it emerges from the gums and
 at its ventral terminus, but kinematic analysis indicates plates bend
 evenly along their whole length. Fin and humpback whale baleen has similar
 material properties but less flexibility, with no dorsoventral variation.
 Internal horn tubes have greater external and hollow luminal diameter but
 lower density in lateral relative to medial baleen of bowhead and fin
 whales, suggesting greater capacity for lateral bending. Baleen bending
 has major consequences not only for feeding morphology and energetics but
 also conservation given that entanglement in fishing gear is a leading
 cause of whale mortality.
description: baleen bending
 databaseRaw data for all parts
 of this investigation
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8f89tp3
title: Data from: SNP genotyping elucidates the genetic diversity of Magna Graecia grapevine germplasm and its historical origin and dissemination

description: Background: Magna Graecia is the ancient name used to label the area of
 South of Italy extensively populated by Greek colonizers. Archeological
 and historical evidences identified in this region the oldest winegrowing
 area in Italy, pointing out its importance in the spread of high
 specialized viticulture around the Mediterranean Sea shores. In this work,
 the genetic diversity of Magna Graecia grape germplasm was assessed and
 its role in the grapevine propagation around the Mediterranean basin was
 underlined. Results: A large collection of grapevines from Magna Graecia
 was compared with germplasm from Georgia up to the Iberian Peninsula by
 using the 18K SNP array. High level of genetic diversity of the analyzed
 germplasm was pointed out; clustering, structure analysis and DAPC
 (Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components) highlighted the genetic
 relationships among genotypes from South of Italy and Eastern
 Mediterranean Sea (Greece). A gene flow from East (Georgia) to West
 (Iberian Peninsula) was identified throughout the high number of admixed
 samples detected. Pedigree analysis showed a complex and well-structured
 network of first degree relationships, where the cultivars from Magna
 Graecia were mainly involved. Conclusions: This study provided evidence
 that Magna Graecia germplasm was shaped by historical events that occurred
 in the area due to the robust link between South Italian and Greek
 genotypes. The uniqueness of this ampelographic platform was mainly an
 outcome of a complex natural or man-driven crosses involving elite
 cultivars.
description: Additional file
 2SNP
 profiles of 187 grapevine accessions included in the set of samples #1,
 genotyped at 18K loci. Dataset resulted was filtered based on SNP call
 quality and GenTrain score: samples with low SNP call quality
 (p50GC&lt;0.54) were removed from the analysis and only SNPs with a
 GenTrain score higher than 0.6 were retained. "A": homozygous
 for dominant allele; "B": heterozygous for recessive allele;
 "?": missing data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s3b0n42
title: Data from: Context-dependent costs and benefits of tuberculosis resistance traits in a wild mammalian host

description: Disease acts as a powerful driver of evolution in natural host
 populations, yet individuals in a population often vary in their
 susceptibility to infection. Energetic trade-offs between immune and
 reproductive investment lead to the evolution of distinct life-history
 strategies, driven by the relative fitness costs and benefits of resisting
 infection. However, examples quantifying the cost of resistance outside of
 the laboratory are rare. Here, we observe two distinct forms of resistance
 to bovine tuberculosis (bTB), an important zoonotic pathogen, in a
 free-ranging African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) population. We characterize
 these phenotypes as ‘infection resistance’, in which hosts delay or
 prevent infection, and ‘proliferation resistance’, in which the host
 limits the spread of lesions caused by the pathogen after infection has
 occurred. We found weak evidence that infection resistance to bTB may be
 heritable in this buffalo population (h2=0.10) and comes at the cost of
 reduced body condition and marginally reduced survival once infected, but
 also associates with an overall higher reproductive rate. Infection
 resistant animals thus appear to follow a ‘fast’ pace of life syndrome, in
 that they reproduce more quickly but die upon infection. In contrast,
 proliferation resistance had no apparent costs and was associated with
 measures of positive host health- such as having a higher body condition
 and reproductive rate. This study quantifies striking phenotypic variation
 in pathogen resistance and provides evidence for a link between life
 history variation and a disease resistance trait in a wild mammalian host
 population.
description: Tavalire_et_al_E&E_S.caffer_unfiltered_SNPs_n=187This file contains unfiltered SNPs obtained by 2bRAD genomic sequencing methods. Each row contains one SNP with marker metadata in the first few columns, followed by animal genotypes in subsequent columns.Tavalire_et_al_E&E_S.caffer_unfiltered_SNPs_nTavalire_et_al_E&E_S.caffer_bTB_phenotypic_data_n=187_with_cost_measuresThis file contains the phenotypic data used in Tavalire et al. for the time to onset of bTB heritability analysis, characterization of infection and proliferation resistance, and the analyses of cost and survival following infection. Each row corresponds to an animal identified by a unique Animal_ID, followed by demographic and phenotypic information. All animals are female.Tavalire_et_al_E&E_S.caffer_bTB_phenotypic_data_n
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n05rj44
title: Data from: Sexual selection sustains biodiversity via producing negative density‐dependent population growth

description: 1. Mechanisms for maintaining biodiversity are still unclear despite
 considerable research. The classic theory predicts that stable
 co‐occurrence of competitive species requires niche differentiation. In
 fact, the co‐occurring species are often differentiated from each other.
 However, the neutral theory assuming equivalence of the reproductive rate
 of all individuals regardless of the species in a biological community has
 successfully recreated the observed patterns of species abundance
 distribution. This success is based on the unrealistic assumption
 suggesting that some mechanisms eliminate interspecific differences in the
 reproductive rates. 2. Here, I present sexual selection as a candidate of
 the mechanisms by constructing analytical and simulation models. Sexual
 selection affects the traits that increase mating success even at the
 expense of fecundity when the species is abundant. By contrast, when the
 species is at a relatively low density, this negative effect on fecundity
 is mitigated because less competition for mating occurs in the rare
 species. 3. The analytical model of this effect on fecundity predicted
 that sexual organisms stop population growth before exhausting resources
 due to the effect. This prediction was confirmed by simulation models. The
 simulations also showed that hundreds of competitive species with
 interspecific differences in reproductive potential can coexist over
 10,000 generations. Moreover, species abundance distributions obtained
 from the simulations were similar to the patterns observed in field data.
 Given the generality of sexual reproduction in nature, sexual selection is
 likely to play a significant role in sustaining biodiversity over a broad
 range of environments. 4. Synthesis. Evolution does not always maximize
 population growth rate. This study shows that evolution of sexual
 selection controls the population growth rate according to density and
 stabilizes the population size. This stabilizing effect has a potential to
 rescue endangered species from extinction, prevent overgrowth of common
 species, promote coexistence of competitive species, and successfully
 recreate the observed patterns of species abundance distribution.
description: 20181016JEcology_rawdata
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bf43443
title: Data from: Oxygen, temperature and the deep-marine stenothermal cradle of Ediacaran evolution

description: Ediacaran fossils document the early evolution of complex megascopic life,
 contemporaneous with geochemical evidence for widespread marine anoxia.
 These data suggest early animals experienced frequent hypoxia. Research
 has thus focused on the concentration of molecular oxygen (O2) required by
 early animals, while also considering the impacts of climate. One model,
 the Cold Cradle hypothesis, proposed the Ediacaran biota originated in
 cold, shallow-water environments due to increased O2 solubility. First, we
 demonstrate using principles of gas exchange that temperature does have a
 critical role in governing the bioavailability of O2 – but in cooler water
 the supply of O2 is actually lower. Second, the fossil record suggests the
 Ediacara biota initially occur ~571 Ma in deep-water facies, before
 appearing in shelf environments ~555 Ma. We propose an ecophysiological
 underpinning for this pattern. By combining oceanographic data with new
 respirometry experiments we show that in the shallow mixed layer where
 seasonal temperatures fluctuate widely, thermal and pO2 effects are highly
 synergistic. The result is that temperature change away from
 species-specific optima impairs tolerance to low pO2. We hypothesize that
 deep and particularly stenothermal (narrow temperature range) environments
 in the Ediacaran ocean were a physiological refuge from the synergistic
 effects of temperature and low pO2.
description: Boag_supplementary_table_1_collection_locationsCollection locations for Diadumene lineata used in the study.Boag_supplementary_table_2_physiology_data_mainExperimental respiration physiology data on Diadumene lineata including pO2crit measurements.Boag_supplementary_table_3_physiology_data_MO2Experimental respiration physiology data on Diadumene lineata including MO2 measurements.Boag_data_OSIvsoceanographic_FigsS1-8Oceanographic data used for comparisons between various variables and OSI outputs.Boag_data_surfaceocean_Fig1Oceanographic data from the global surface ocean and OSI output.Boag_data_temperatureatsurfacevs1000m_Fig 4bOceanographic temperature and other data data associated with surface and 1000 m water-depth from the global ocean.code_OxygenSupplyIndexR script used to calculate OSI and temperature data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h2hd82v
title: Data from: Can the use of digital algorithms improve quality care? An example from Afghanistan

description: Background Quality of care is a difficult parameter to measure. With the
 introduction of digital algorithms based on the Integrated Management of
 Childhood Illness (IMCI), we are interested to understand if the adherence
 to the guidelines improved for a better quality of care for children under
 5 years old. Methods More than one year after the introduction of digital
 algorithms, we carried out two cross sectional studies to assess the
 improvements in comparison with the situation prior to the implementation
 of the project, in two Basic Health Centres in Kabul province. One survey
 was carried out inside the consultation room and was based on the direct
 observation of 181 consultations of children aged 2 months to 5 years old,
 using a checklist completed by a senior physicians. The second survey
 queried 181 caretakers of children outside the health facility for their
 opinion about the consultation carried out through the tablet and
 prescriptions and medications given. Results We measured the quality of
 care as adherence to the IMCI’s guidelines. The study evaluated the
 quality of the physical examination and the therapies prescribed with a
 special attention to antibiotic prescription. We noticed a dramatic
 improvement (p&lt;0.05) of several indicators following the
 introduction of digital algorithms. The baseline physical examination was
 appropriate only for 23.8% [IC% 19.9-28.1] of the patients, 34.5% [IC%
 30.0-39.2] received a correct treatment and 86.1% [IC% 82.4-89.2] received
 at least one antibiotic. With the introduction of digital algorithms,
 these indicators statistically improved respectively to 84.0% [IC%
 77.9-88.6], &gt;85% and less than 30%. Conclusions Our findings
 suggest that digital algorithms improve quality of care by applying the
 guidelines more effectively. Our experience should encourage to test this
 tool in different settings and to scale up its use at province/state
 level.
description: Routine clinical data
 uploaded by the tablet during the ALMANACH projectThis is the raw data
 transmitted through CommCare to DHIS2 and it represents all the clinical
 information checked at the moment of the consultationData AFG original Routine data
 V2.0.xlsxData collected during
 the surveyThis excel file resume
 the paper checklist used to assess the quality of care of the health
 workers during the consultation. They are aggregated
 dataData
 CRS.xlsx
DOI: 10.4121/88df3e1d-c623-4261-a67d-f9337b1328dc
title: WadSED sediment data

description: Classification of sediment samples (density; composition; grain-size distribution (GSD)) that were collected during the deployment and retrieval of measurement frames in the Dutch Wadden Sea during the WadSED field campaigns in November 2023 - January 2024 and January - March 2025.
DOI: 10.4121/88df3e1d-c623-4261-a67d-f9337b1328dc.v1
title: WadSED sediment data

description: Classification of sediment samples (density; composition; grain-size distribution (GSD)) that were collected during the deployment and retrieval of measurement frames in the Dutch Wadden Sea during the WadSED field campaigns in November 2023 - January 2024 and January - March 2025.