cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242078
title: Erratum: Roles of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and Vitamin D Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Regulating the Activation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and the PKCδ/ERK Signaling Pathway

description: <b><i>Background/Aims: </i></b>The study aims to elucidate the roles of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by regulating the activation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and the PKCδ/ERK signaling pathway. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From January 2013 to December 2015, a total of 130 SLE patients, 137 RA patients and 130 healthy controls were selected in this study. Serum levels of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and VDR mRNA expression were detected by ELISA and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Density gradient centrifugation was performed to separate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were separated using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells in logarithmic growth phase were collected and assigned into 9 groups: the normal control group, the normal negative control (NC) group, the VDR siRNA group, the RA control group, the RA NC group, the VDR over-expressed RA group, the SLE control group, the SLE NC group, and the VDR over-expressed SLE group. The mRNA and protein expressions of VDR, PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Bisulfite genomic sequencing was conducted to monitor the methylation status of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with healthy controls, serum 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> level and VDR mRNA expression in peripheral blood were decreased in SLE patients and RA patients. With the increase of concentrations of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> treatment, the VDR mRNA expression and DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L were declined, while the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L were elevated in SLE, RA and normal CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells. Compared with the SLE contro, RA control, SLE NC and RA NC groups, the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L decreased but DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L increased in the VDR over-expressed SLE group and VDR over-expressed RA group. However, compared with the normal control and normal NC groups, the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L increased, but DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L decreased in the VDR siRNA group. Compared with the normal control group, the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L increased, but DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L decreased in the SLE control and RA control groups. <b><i>Conclusion: </i></b>Our study provide evidence that 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and VDR could inhibit the activation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and suppress the immune response of SLE and RA through inhibiting PKCδ/ERK pathway and promoting DNA methylation of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242072
title: Erratum: Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Cholangiocarcinoma

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary liver cancer, being characterized by its late diagnosis and fatal outcome. Recent epidemiological reports indicate an increasing worldwide incidence of intrahepatic CCA but a decreasing incidence of extrahepatic CCA. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this review, we present an overview of the incidence and epidemiology of CCA and possible strategies for screening and surveillance. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Efficient strategies for the screening and surveillance of CCA have not been established so far. The vast majority of CCA occur sporadically without any apparent cause; however, several risk factors such as liver flukes, chronic biliary and liver diseases, and lifestyle-related aspects causing chronic inflammation and cholestasis in the liver have been linked to the development of CCA. These risk factors likely contribute to the increased incidence observed in some countries and also explain the wide geographical differences in the incidence of CCA. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Several risk factors for CCA have been identified. Given the dismal prognosis of advanced CCA, regular surveillance examinations with a combination of ultrasonography and laboratory tests appear to be useful in patients at risk and need to be explored in prospective trials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242069
title: Erratum: Paraduodenal Pancreatitis: Three Cases with Different Therapeutic Approaches

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Paraduodenal pancreatitis is a rare cause of chronic abdominal pain characterized by an inflammatory process and scarring in the groove area between the pancreatic head and the duodenal wall. Besides abdominal pain, symptoms such as vomiting and weight loss are common. Currently, advances in radiological and endoscopic diagnostic methods allow it to be identified without histological confirmation, although the differentiation from pancreatic adenocarcinoma could be challenging in some cases. Many therapeutic options are available nowadays including pharmacological, endoscopic, or surgical treatment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We report 3 cases of paraduodenal pancreatitis that had different therapeutic approaches. <b><i>Results and Conclusion:</i></b> They show that this pathology should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses with duodenal infiltration, and that its management should be individualized and judicious.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242075
title: Erratum: High Body Mass Index Worsens Survival in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma after Esophagectomy

description: <b><i>Aims:</i></b> To investigate the prognostic significance of body mass index (BMI) on the survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after esophagectomy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Between 2005 and 2008, 291 patients with ESCC who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The BMI cut-off values were as follows: 18.5-23 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for normal weight; 23-27.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for overweight; and ≥27.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> for those with obesity. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors for long-term survival. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients were divided into 3 groups: normal weight (<i>n</i> = 138), overweight (<i>n</i> = 103), and obese (<i>n</i> = 50). The median survival time was 56 months. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 40.8, 44.7, and 20.8% for normal weight, overweight, and obese patients respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified BMI as an independent prognostic factor for OS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). For 179 patients without lymph node metastasis, the 5-year OS rates were 46.5, 50.7, and 27.0% for normal weight, overweight, and obese patients respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A BMI ≥27.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> has a distinctly adverse impact on the long-term survival of ESCC patients after esophagectomy. High BMI is a potential predictor of worse prognosis in ESCC patients, particularly in patients without lymph node metastasis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242066
title: Erratum: Tetrahydrocannabinol:Cannabidiol Oromucosal Spray for Multiple Sclerosis-Related Resistant Spasticity in Daily Practice

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Tetrahydrocannabinol:cannabidiol (THC:CBD) oromucosal spray (Sativex®) is an add-on therapy for moderate-to-severe multiple sclerosis (MS)-related drug-resistant spasticity (MSS). <b><i>Aim:</i></b> The MOVE-2 EU study collected data from everyday clinical practice concerning the effectiveness and tolerability of THC:CBD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was an observational, prospective, multicentre, non-interventional study. Patients with resistant MSS prescribed add-on THC:CBD oromucosal spray according to approved labelling, were followed for 3 months. After 1 month, only responders (≥20% improvement in spasticity) continued treatment. The main endpoints were the evolution of MSS and associated symptoms, quality of life (QoL) and tolerability. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Four hundred and thirty three patients (55% female) were recruited (98% in Italy). The mean duration of MSS was 7.4 years and baclofen was used by 78.1% of participants. Three hundred and forty nine participants continued with THC:CBD oromucosal spray after 1 month, and 281 after 3 months. THC:CBD mean dosage was 6 sprays/day. MSS scores and spasticity-related symptoms (spasms, fatigue, pain, sleep quality and bladder dysfunction) were significantly improved by THC:CBD at 3 months, as were activities of daily living, and QoL (EQ-5D VAS). Adverse events, none of which were severe or serious, were reported by 10.4% of patients. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In everyday clinical practice, THC:CBD oromucosal spray provided symptomatic relief of MSS and related troublesome symptoms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242069.v1
title: Erratum: Paraduodenal Pancreatitis: Three Cases with Different Therapeutic Approaches

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Paraduodenal pancreatitis is a rare cause of chronic abdominal pain characterized by an inflammatory process and scarring in the groove area between the pancreatic head and the duodenal wall. Besides abdominal pain, symptoms such as vomiting and weight loss are common. Currently, advances in radiological and endoscopic diagnostic methods allow it to be identified without histological confirmation, although the differentiation from pancreatic adenocarcinoma could be challenging in some cases. Many therapeutic options are available nowadays including pharmacological, endoscopic, or surgical treatment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We report 3 cases of paraduodenal pancreatitis that had different therapeutic approaches. <b><i>Results and Conclusion:</i></b> They show that this pathology should be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of pancreatic masses with duodenal infiltration, and that its management should be individualized and judicious.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242078.v1
title: Erratum: Roles of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and Vitamin D Receptor in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Regulating the Activation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T Cells and the PKCδ/ERK Signaling Pathway

description: <b><i>Background/Aims: </i></b>The study aims to elucidate the roles of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by regulating the activation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and the PKCδ/ERK signaling pathway. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From January 2013 to December 2015, a total of 130 SLE patients, 137 RA patients and 130 healthy controls were selected in this study. Serum levels of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and VDR mRNA expression were detected by ELISA and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Density gradient centrifugation was performed to separate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells were separated using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells in logarithmic growth phase were collected and assigned into 9 groups: the normal control group, the normal negative control (NC) group, the VDR siRNA group, the RA control group, the RA NC group, the VDR over-expressed RA group, the SLE control group, the SLE NC group, and the VDR over-expressed SLE group. The mRNA and protein expressions of VDR, PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Bisulfite genomic sequencing was conducted to monitor the methylation status of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with healthy controls, serum 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> level and VDR mRNA expression in peripheral blood were decreased in SLE patients and RA patients. With the increase of concentrations of 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> treatment, the VDR mRNA expression and DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L were declined, while the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L were elevated in SLE, RA and normal CD4<sup>+</sup>T cells. Compared with the SLE contro, RA control, SLE NC and RA NC groups, the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L decreased but DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L increased in the VDR over-expressed SLE group and VDR over-expressed RA group. However, compared with the normal control and normal NC groups, the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L increased, but DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L decreased in the VDR siRNA group. Compared with the normal control group, the expressions of PKCδ, ERK1/2, CD11a, CD70 and CD40L increased, but DNA methylation levels of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L decreased in the SLE control and RA control groups. <b><i>Conclusion: </i></b>Our study provide evidence that 1,25(OH)<sub>2</sub>D<sub>3</sub> and VDR could inhibit the activation of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and suppress the immune response of SLE and RA through inhibiting PKCδ/ERK pathway and promoting DNA methylation of CD11a, CD70 and CD40L.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242060
title: Erratum: Practical Index of Urinary Incontinence Following Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate: A Case-Series Study of the 24-Hour Pad Test Immediately after Catheter Removal

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Epidemiological data regarding complications after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) are scarce in Japan. We examined the associations of the 24-hour pad test results immediately after HoLEP with continence acquisition at 3 months postoperatively. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> In this hospital-based case-series study, we reviewed medical charts of 341 patients without catheterization and 150 patients with catheterization at the time of surgery. The 24-hour pad test was conducted immediately after catheter removal to measure the leakage weight. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: leakage weight = 0 g (negative) and &gt;0 g (positive). Urinary incontinence (UI) at 3 months postoperatively was self-reported by patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Significant relationships were observed between pad test positivity and UI at 3 months postoperatively and between the pad test weight and the timing of continence acquisition in patients with and without catheterization. In multivariate analyses, the pad test positivity was associated significantly with the Overactive Bladder Symptom Score and enucleated tissue weight in patients without perioperative catheterization and with age in patients with catheterization. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The 24-hour pad test immediately after catheter removal could indicate the need for early and active intervention to prevent continuous postoperative UI. Patients' symptoms and clinical items predictive of test positivity should be carefully assessed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242051
title: Erratum: Estimated Dietary Intakes of Arachidonic Acid and Docosahexaenoic Acid in Infants and Young Children Living in Developing Countries

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> There are only few data on dietary arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake in infants from developing countries, and current global recommendations on intake during early life may not reflect the needs of the world's most vulnerable infants. The aim of the study was to provide estimates of intake of ARA and DHA in infants and young children aged 6-36 months who live in developing countries. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> FAO Food Balance Sheets and fatty acid composition data from Australian food composition tables were utilized to generate mean per capita intake estimates for DHA and ARA in developing countries. The median daily intake of DHA and ARA in children age 6-36 months in each country was determined by combining the fatty acid composition of breast milk and complementary foods with the estimated intakes being weighted according to median duration of any breastfeeding. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The median daily dietary intake for ARA and DHA across 76 developing countries was 64.0 and 48.9 mg/day, respectively. The lowest complementary food intake of ARA and DHA was present in countries with the lowest gross national income and highest birth rates. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Global recommendations on ARA and DHA in early life need to reflect the specific needs of infants and families living in low income countries, and country-specific food policies should address gaps between recommended and achieved intakes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242054
title: Erratum: Attentional Bias for Emotional Stimuli in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> In borderline personality disorder (BPD), attentional bias (AB) to emotional stimuli may be a core component in disorder pathogenesis and maintenance. <b><i>Sampling:</i></b> 11 emotional Stroop task (EST) studies with 244 BPD patients, 255 nonpatients (NPs) and 95 clinical controls and 4 visual dot-probe task (VDPT) studies with 151 BPD patients or subjects with BPD features and 62 NPs were included. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted two separate meta-analyses for AB in BPD. One meta-analysis focused on the EST for generally negative and BPD-specific/personally relevant negative words. The other meta-analysis concentrated on the VDPT for negative and positive facial stimuli. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There is evidence for an AB towards generally negative emotional words compared to NPs (standardized mean difference, SMD = 0.311) and to other psychiatric disorders (SMD = 0.374) in the EST studies. Regarding BPD-specific/personally relevant negative words, BPD patients reveal an even stronger AB than NPs (SMD = 0.454). The VDPT studies indicate a tendency towards an AB to positive facial stimuli but not negative stimuli in BPD patients compared to NPs. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The findings rather reflect an AB in BPD to generally negative and BPD-specific/personally relevant negative words rather than an AB in BPD towards facial stimuli, and/or a biased allocation of covert attentional resources to negative emotional stimuli in BPD and not a bias in focus of visual attention. Further research regarding the role of childhood traumatization and comorbid anxiety disorders may improve the understanding of these underlying processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242057
title: Erratum: Rare RET Variant p.D707E in a Chinese Pedigree with Hereditary Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma (HMTC) is thought to be associated with germline mutations of the RET proto-oncogene. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We detected RET proto-oncogene germline mutations from a pedigree with HMTC in the east of China and investigated the characteristics of these mutations in this pedigree and their correlation with HMTC by direct sequencing of all 21 exons in the RET gene of all 46 subjects. <b><i>Results and Conclusion:</i></b> (1) Thirteen types of RET gene variants were detected in this pedigree. Of these, p.F285S in exon 4, c.854_855CA in exon 4, and p.D707E in exon 11 are reported for the first time in our study. (2) Both linkage disequilibrium analysis and logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between the p.D707E variant and HMTC (LOD = 3.69, OR = 4.413, p = 0.000167), indicating that this variant is a risk factor for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). (3) The single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) G691S in exon 11 (rs1799939), S904S in exon 15 (rs1800863), and rs2075912 and rs2565200 in the 3′-untranslated region of the RET proto-oncogene are in complete linkage disequilibrium (D' = 1, r<sup>2</sup> = 1); no correlation of these SNP and MTC was observed in this pedigree. (4) No hot-spot mutation of the RET proto-oncogene was detected in this pedigree. We drew the conclusion that the heterozygous nonsynonymous variant p.D707E in the RET proto-oncogene is rare, but it is a risk factor for hereditary MTC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242048
title: Phylogeny in <i>Echinocereus</i> (Cactaceae) based on combined morphological and molecular evidence: taxonomic implications

description: <i>Echinocereus</i> is a morphologically diverse genus that includes 64 species grouped into eight taxonomic sections based on morphological traits. In previous molecular phylogenetic analyses, the relationships amongst <i>Echinocereus</i> species were not entirely revealed and useful characters to recognize clades were not provided. The inclusion of several sources of evidence in a phylogenetic analysis is likely to produce more supported hypotheses. Therefore, we performed a combined phylogenetic analysis with a set of 44 morphological characters and six chloroplast DNA sequences. Topologies from parsimony and Bayesian analyses were mostly congruent. However, the relationships of <i>E. poselgeri</i> were not consistent between analyses. A second Bayesian analysis using a long-branch extraction test resulted in a topology with the morphological position of <i>E. poselgeri</i> congruent with that in parsimony analysis. Parsimony and Bayesian analyses corroborated the monophyly of <i>Echinocereus</i>, which included eight monophyletic groups. The combined phylogeny integrated into different clades those taxa that were not determined in previous analyses and changed the relationships of some recognized clades. The clades did not recover the recent infrageneric classification. In the present study, a new sectional classification for <i>Echinocereus</i> is proposed based on the eight recovered clades, which is supported by a combination of morphological and molecular characters. An identification key for sections in the genus is included.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5242054.v1
title: Erratum: Attentional Bias for Emotional Stimuli in Borderline Personality Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> In borderline personality disorder (BPD), attentional bias (AB) to emotional stimuli may be a core component in disorder pathogenesis and maintenance. <b><i>Sampling:</i></b> 11 emotional Stroop task (EST) studies with 244 BPD patients, 255 nonpatients (NPs) and 95 clinical controls and 4 visual dot-probe task (VDPT) studies with 151 BPD patients or subjects with BPD features and 62 NPs were included. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted two separate meta-analyses for AB in BPD. One meta-analysis focused on the EST for generally negative and BPD-specific/personally relevant negative words. The other meta-analysis concentrated on the VDPT for negative and positive facial stimuli. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There is evidence for an AB towards generally negative emotional words compared to NPs (standardized mean difference, SMD = 0.311) and to other psychiatric disorders (SMD = 0.374) in the EST studies. Regarding BPD-specific/personally relevant negative words, BPD patients reveal an even stronger AB than NPs (SMD = 0.454). The VDPT studies indicate a tendency towards an AB to positive facial stimuli but not negative stimuli in BPD patients compared to NPs. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The findings rather reflect an AB in BPD to generally negative and BPD-specific/personally relevant negative words rather than an AB in BPD towards facial stimuli, and/or a biased allocation of covert attentional resources to negative emotional stimuli in BPD and not a bias in focus of visual attention. Further research regarding the role of childhood traumatization and comorbid anxiety disorders may improve the understanding of these underlying processes.