cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.33s566q
title: Data from: Multifunctionality of an arthropod predator’s body colouration

description: Animal body colours can be shaped by many factors, including the need to
 attract mates, avoid predators, and lure prey. In some contexts these
 needs might compete. A number of studies have recently demonstrated that
 the silver, white, yellow or red bodies of spiders attract mates, lure
 prey, or startle predators. Nevertheless, when spider bodies display
 different colours little is known about the multifunctionality of the
 colours and whether they interact. The Australasian coin spider, Herrenia
 multipuncta, displays unconventional body colouration, with orange, black
 and grey regions across its body. We hypothesized that its colouration
 serves a multifunctional role, with the dorsal orange bands on its prosoma
 attracting prey and its orange ventrum deterring predators. We tested our
 hypothesis with field and laboratory experiments using dummies and real
 spiders, and modelling the visibility of the various colours to different
 predators and prey. Our field experiment showed significant prey
 attraction toward the orange‐grey dorsal pattern during the day and night,
 while our laboratory experiment showed that the lizard Japalura swinhonis
 stared at spiders and hesitated before attacking spiders when the orange
 abdominal region was uncovered. Our various visual models confirmed our
 experimental results by showing that the orange and grey body parts were
 always visible when contrasted against their natural backgrounds. Combined
 our analyses provide evidence to conclude that the orange body colour of
 H. multipuncta is multifunctional, serving in both prey attraction and
 predator avoidance.
description: Prey & predator of
 dummy, prey composision, spider defence to lizard and lizard response, and
 spectrum.Liao-et-al-Functional-Ecology.ods
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v3g896t
title: Data from: Changes in the chlorophyll content of grape leaves could provide a physiological index for responses and adaptation to UV-C radiation

description: Stilbenes are a group of phytoalexins that play an important role in
 grapevine (Vitis) basal immunity and can be induced by biotic and abiotic
 stresses. The levels of chlorophylls, the main pigments in plant cells,
 can also indicate the tolerance of plants to various stresses. Here, the
 response of different grapevine genotypes to UV-C radiation treatment was
 tested and the abundance of chlorophyll in the Hoe29 and Ke53 genotypes
 was observed to increase significantly within 6 h of UV-C treatment.
 Conversely, chlorophyll levels decreased markedly in the Augster Weiss and
 Müller-Thurgau genotypes. Furthermore, stilbene abundance increased
 substantially in the Hoe29, Ke53, Ke83 and Pinot Blanc genotypes, but
 increased only slightly in Augster Weiss and Müller-Thurgau. The
 expression of RESVERATROL SYNTHASE, which encodes a key enzyme in the
 stilbene synthesis pathway, increased in Hoe29, Ke53, Ke83 and Pinot Blanc
 following UV-C treatment, in a manner consistent with stilbene
 accumulation. In addition, we observed that reactive oxygen species (ROS)
 provide a key trigger in physiological responses and changes in secondary
 metabolite contents. In summary, the results from this study support a
 link between ROS, chlorophyll levels and genetic diversity for stilbene
 abundance in different grape genotypes, providing insights into mechanisms
 for plant physiological and biochemical responses and adaptations to
 stress.
description: The Chla+b (mg·l-1)
 average concentrationThe Chla+b (mg·l-1)
 average concentration at each time point (0h, 1h, 3h and 6h) which leaves
 were exposed to UV-C in different genotypes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hk83497
title: Data from: Renal imaging in 199 Dutch patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome: screening compliance and outcome

description: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome is associated with an increased risk for renal
 cell carcinoma. Surveillance is recommended, but the optimal imaging
 method and screening interval remain to be defined. The main aim of our
 study was to evaluate the outcomes of RCC surveillance to get insight in
 the safety of annual US in these patients. Surveillance data and medical
 records of 199 patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome were collected
 retrospectively using medical files and a questionnaire. These patients
 were diagnosed in two Dutch hospitals and data were collected until June
 2014. A first screening for renal cell carcinoma was performed in 172/199
 patients (86%). Follow-up data were available from 121 patients. The mean
 follow-up period per patient was 4.2 years. Of the patients known to be
 under surveillance, 83% was screened at least annually and 94% at least
 every two years. Thirty-eight renal cell carcinomas had occurred in 23
 patients. The mean age at diagnosis of the first tumour was 51. Eighteen
 tumours were visualized by ultrasound. Nine small tumours (7-27 mm) were
 visible on MRI or CT and not detected using ultrasound. Our data indicate
 that compliance to renal screening is relatively high. Furthermore,
 ultrasound might be a sensitive, cheap and widely available alternative
 for MRI or part of the MRIs for detecting clinically relevant renal
 tumours in BHD patients,but the limitations should be considered
 carefully. . Data from larger cohorts are necessary to confirm these
 observations.
description: Renal imaging data
 repositoryData used to calculate
 the mean age at initial screening and to make table 1.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j64t6q9
title: Data from: Drivers of sex ratio bias in the eastern bongo: lower inbreeding increases the probability of being born male

description: Parent sex ratio allocation has consequences for individual fitness,
 population dynamics, and conservation. Theory predicts that parents should
 adjust offspring sex ratio when the fitness returns of producing male or
 female offspring varies. Previous studies have assumed that only mothers
 are capable of biasing offspring sex ratios, and neglected fathers given
 the expectation of an equal proportion of X- and Y-chromosome bearing
 sperm (CBS) in ejaculates due to sex chromosomes segregation at meiosis.
 This assumption has been recently refuted and both paternal fertility and
 paternal genetic quality have been shown to bias sex ratios. Here we test,
 simultaneously, the relative contribution of paternal, maternal and
 individual genetic quality, as measured by inbreeding, on the probability
 of being born a son or a daughter, using pedigree and life-long offspring
 sex ratio data for the eastern bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus isaaci). Our
 models showed firstly that surprisingly as individual inbreeding decreases
 the probability of being male increases, second, that paternal genetic
 effects on sex ratio were stronger than maternal genetic effects (which
 were absent). Furthermore, paternal effects were opposite in sign to those
 predicted; father inbreeding increases the probability of having sons.
 Previous paternal effects have been interpreted as adaptive due to
 sex-specific inbreeding depression for reproductive traits. We argue that
 in the eastern bongo, the opposite sign of the paternal effect on sex
 ratios results from a reversed sex-specific inbreeding depression pattern
 (present for female but not male reproductive traits). We anticipate that
 this research will help stimulate research on evolutionary constraints to
 sex ratios. Finally, the results open a new avenue of research to predict
 sex ratio allocation in an applied conservation context.
description: Data-Malo et al
 2019Data and code for Malo,
 Gilbert, Riordan
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jp33n5f
title: Data from: Dynamic measurements of black oystercatcher (Haematopus bachmani) predation on mussels (Mytilus californianus)

description: Intertidal zone mussels can face threats from a variety of predatory
 species during high and low tides, and they must balance the threat of
 predation against other needs such as feeding and aerobic respiration.
 Black oystercatchers (Haematopus bachmani) on the Pacific coast of North
 America can depend on the mussel Mytilus californianus for a substantial
 portion of their diet. Observations suggest that oystercatchers tend to
 focus on mussels beginning to gape their valves during rising tides,
 following periods of aerial emersion. We present detailed, autonomous
 field measurements of the dynamics of three such predation events in the
 rocky intertidal zone. We measured accelerations of up to 4 g imposed on
 mussels, with handling times of 115 to 290 s required to open the shell
 and remove the majority of tissue. In each case a single oystercatcher
 attacked a mussel that had gaped the shell valves slightly wider than its
 neighbors as the rising tide began to splash the mussel bed, but no other
 obvious characteristic of the mussels, such as body temperature or
 orientation, could be linked to the oystercatcher’s individual prey
 choice.
description: Data and analysis code
 for Miller & Dowd 2019Zipped archive contains
 data and analysis code. Detailed descriptions of available files can be
 found in the README.md file contained in the archive.Oystercatcher_Dryad_repository.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sh629f6
title: Data from: When to cut your losses: dispersal allocation in an asexual filamentous fungus in response to competition

description: Fungal communities often form on ephemeral substrates and dispersal is
 critical for the persistence of fungi among the islands that form these
 metacommunities. Within each substrate, competition for space and
 resources is vital for the local persistence of fungi. The capacity to
 detect and respond by dispersal away from unfavorable conditions may
 confer higher fitness in fungi. Informed dispersal theory posits that
 organisms are predicted to detect information about their surroundings
 which may trigger a dispersal response. As such, we expect that fungi will
 increase allocation to dispersal in the presence of a strong competitor.
 In a laboratory setting, we tested how competition with other filamentous
 fungi affected the development of conidial pycnidiomata (asexual fruiting
 bodies) in Phacidium lacerum over 10 days. Phacidium lacerum was not
 observed to produce more asexual fruiting bodies or produce them earlier
 when experiencing interspecific competition with other filamentous fungi.
 However, we found that a trade‐off existed between growth rate and
 allocation to dispersal. We also observed a defensive response to specific
 interspecific competitors in the form of hyphal melanization of the colony
 which may have an impact on the growth rate and dispersal trade‐off. Our
 results suggest that P. lacerum have the capacity to detect and respond to
 competitors by changing their allocation to dispersal and growth. However,
 allocation to defence may come at a cost to growth and dispersal. Thus, it
 is likely that optimal life history allocation in fungi constrained to
 ephemeral resources will depend on the competitive strength of neighbors
 surrounding them.
description: Pycnidia
 Count_DryadDevelopment of pycnidial
 conidiomata and colony size of Phacidium lacerum in response to
 competition with other filamentous fungi over 7 days
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vj7sh73
title: Data from: A risk-based forecast of extreme mortality events in small cetaceans: using stranding data to inform conservation practice

description: Effective conservation requires monitoring and pro-active risk
 assessments. We studied the effects of at-sea mortality events (ASMEs) in
 marine mammals over two decades (1990-2012) and built a risk- based
 indicator for the European Union’s Marine Strategy Framework Directive
 (MSFD). Strandings of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena), short-beaked
 common dolphins (Delphinus delphis), and striped dolphins (Stenella
 coeruleoalba) along French coastlines were analysed using Extreme Value
 Theory (EVT). EVT operationalises what is an extreme ASME, and allows the
 probabilistic forecasting of the expected maximum number of dead animals
 assuming constant pressures. For the period 2013-2018, we forecast the
 strandings of 80 harbour porpoises, 860 common dolphins, and 57 striped
 dolphins in extreme ASMEs. Comparison of these forecasts with observed
 strandings informs whether pressures are increasing, decreasing or stable.
 Applying probabilistic methods to stranding data facilitates the building
 of risk-based indicators, required under the MSFD, to monitor the effect
 of pressures on marine mammals.
description: Monthly three-day
 maximal number of stranded individualsThe published data are
 the necessary data to redo the analysis used in the targeted publication.
 For each species, the data are the three-day maximal number of stranded
 individuals for each month and over the period from 1990 to 2016 (for the
 short-beaked common dolphin and the striped dolphin) or the period from
 1997 to 2016 (for the harbour porpoise). Please refer to the targeted
 publication and the Supporting Information.Data.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8d2t65n
title: Data from: Experimentally reduced insulin/IGF-1 signalling in adulthood extends lifespan of parents and improves Darwinian fitness of their offspring

description: Classical theory maintains that ageing evolves via energy trade-offs
 between reproduction and survival leading to accumulation of unrepaired
 cellular damage with age. In contrast, the emerging new theory postulates
 that ageing evolves because of deleterious late-life hyper-function of
 reproduction-promoting genes leading to excessive biosynthesis in
 late-life. The hyper-function theory uniquely predicts that optimizing
 nutrient-sensing molecular signalling in adulthood can simultaneously
 postpone ageing and increase Darwinian fitness. Here we show that reducing
 evolutionarily conserved insulin/IGF-1 nutrient-sensing signalling via
 daf-2 RNA interference (RNAi) fulfils this prediction in Caenorhabditis
 elegans nematodes. Long-lived daf-2 RNAi parents showed normal fecundity
 as self-fertilizing hermaphrodites and improved late-life reproduction
 when mated to males. Remarkably, the offspring of daf-2 RNAi parents had
 higher Darwinian fitness across three different genotypes. Thus, reduced
 nutrient-sensing signalling in adulthood improves both parental longevity
 and offspring fitness supporting the emerging view that sub-optimal gene
 expression in late-life lies at the heart of ageing.
description: Egg size of parents
 mutantsEgg size of mutants (N2,
 ppw-1, rrf-1) subjected to either daf-2 RNAi or empty
 vector.eggs
 parents Dryad.xlsxlifespan of mated
 parents N2Lifespan of mated
 parents (N2) subjected to daf-2 RNAi or empty vector. If they died of
 matricide it is coded as 1 in matricide column.lifespan mated parents N2 for
 Dryad.xlsxlifespan unmated parents
 N2Lifespan of unmated
 parents (N2) subjected to daf-2 RNAi or empty vector. If they died of
 matricide it is coded as 1 in matricide column.lifespan parents mutants
 for DryadLifespan of parents
 (N2,rrf-1,ppw-1) subjected to daf-2 RNAi or empty vector. If they died of
 matricide it is coded as 1 in matricide column.lifespan offspring for
 DryadLifespan of offspring
 (N2,rrf-1,ppw-1) from parents subjected to daf-2 RNAi or empty vector. If
 they died of matricide it is coded as 1 in matricide column. Offspring
 always on empty vector.reproduction
 offspringDaily reproduction of
 offspring (N2,rrf-1,ppw-1) from parents subjected to daf-2 RNAi or empty
 vector. Offspring always on empty vector.reproduction mated
 parents N2Daily reproduction of
 mated parents (N2) subjected to daf-2 RNAi or empty
 vector.reproduction unmated
 parents N2Daily reproduction of
 unmated parents (N2) subjected to daf-2 RNAi or empty
 vector.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hr5d4g8
title: Data from: Genomic analyses suggest adaptive differentiation of Northern European native cattle breeds

description: Native domestic breeds represent important cultural heritage and genetic
 diversity relevant for production traits, environmental adaptation and
 food security. However, risks associated with low effective population
 size, such as inbreeding and genetic drift, have elevated concerns over
 whether unique within-breed lineages should be kept separate or managed as
 one population. As a conservation genomic case study of the genetic
 diversity represented by native breeds, we examined native and commercial
 cattle (Bos taurus) breeds including the threatened Danish Jutland cattle.
 We examined population structure and genetic diversity within breeds and
 lineages genotyped across 770K single nucleotide polymorphism loci to
 determine (a) the amount and distribution of genetic diversity in native
 breeds, and (b) the role of genetic drift vs. selection. We further
 investigated the presence of outlier loci to detect (c) signatures of
 environmental selection in native vs. commercial breeds, and (d) native
 breed adaptation to various landscapes. Moreover, we included older
 cryopreserved samples to determine (e) if cryopreservation allows
 (re)introduction of original genetic diversity. We investigated a final
 set of 195 individuals and 677K autosomal loci for genetic diversity
 within and among breeds, examined population structure with principal
 component analyses and a maximum likelihood approach, and searched for
 outlier loci suggesting artificial or natural selection. Our findings
 demonstrate the potential of genomics for identifying the uniqueness of
 native domestic breeds, and for maintaining their genetic diversity and
 long-term evolutionary potential through conservation plans balancing
 inbreeding with carefully designed outcrossing. One promising opportunity
 is the use of cryopreserved samples, which can provide important genetic
 diversity for populations with few individuals, while helping to preserve
 their traditional genetic characteristics. Outlier tests for native vs.
 commercial breeds identified genes associated with climate adaptation,
 immunity and metabolism, and native breeds may carry genetic variation
 important for animal health and robustness in a changing climate.
description: Northern European
 cattle_genomic profiles.zipThe data include PLINK
 files in binary format (bed, bim, fam) for 195 individual cattle and
 677,311 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. Additionally,
 we include an Excel file with information on each of the 195 individuals,
 including PLINK family ID (FID) and individual ID (IID), breed/lineage,
 and birth year or sampling period.Northern_European_Cattle_195.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8kt4675
title: Data from: Foraging mode, relative prey size and diet breadth: a phylogenetically-explicit analysis of snake feeding ecology

description: 1. Foraging modes (ambush vs. active foraging) are often correlated with a
 suite of morphological, physiological, behavioral and ecological traits
 known as the adaptive syndrome or syndrome hypothesis. In snakes, an
 ecological correlate often reported in the literature is that
 ambush-hunting snakes have a higher relative meal size compared to
 actively foraging snakes which feed on smaller prey items. This “large
 meal vs. small meal” feeding hypothesis between ambush and active foragers
 has become a widely-accepted paradigm of snake feeding ecology, despite
 the fact that no rigorous meta-analysis has been conducted to support this
 generalization. 2. We conducted a phylogenetically-explicit meta-analysis,
 which included ca. 100 species, to test this paradigm of snake feeding
 ecology. 3. We gathered data on prey size by inducing regurgitation by
 palpation in free-ranging snakes and by examining the stomach contents of
 preserved museum specimens. When we found prey, we recorded both snake and
 prey mass to estimate relative prey mass (prey mass/snake mass). We also
 reviewed published studies of snake feeding ecology to gather similar
 information for other species. 4. Ambush and active foragers did not
 differ in minimum or average meal size but the maximum meal sizes consumed
 by ambush-foraging snakes were larger than the maximum meal sizes eaten by
 active foragers. This results in ambush-foraging snakes consuming a
 significantly wider range of meals sizes, rather than being large meal
 specialists compared to active foragers. We argue that ambush foragers
 evolved to be more opportunistic predators because they encounter prey
 less frequently compared to active foragers. This hypothesis is further
 supported by the fact that ambush foragers also exhibited marginally wider
 diet breadths, consuming a broader range of prey types in comparison to
 active foragers. 5. Our study challenges aspects of the foraging syndrome
 as it is currently conceived, and our results have important implications
 for our understanding of how foraging mode has shaped the behavior and
 physiology of ambush-foraging snakes.
description: Foraging mode and prey
 size in snakesThe data were collected
 in the field and by dissection of museum specimens. The data are stored in
 an excel file and the abbreviations means: Prop for proportion, RPM for
 relative prey mass, and Ba is an index of the dietary breadth of a
 speciesArchived_data.xlsx