cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qv9s4mwd3
title: Data from: Association of white matter hyperintensity markers on MRI and long-term risk of mortality and ischemic stroke: The SMART-MR study

description: Objective To determine whether white matter hyperintensity (WMH) markers
 on MRI are associated with long-term risk of mortality and ischemic
 stroke. Methods We included consecutive patients with manifest arterial
 disease enrolled in the SMART-MR study. We obtained WMH markers (volume,
 type and shape) from brain MRI scans performed at baseline using an
 automated algorithm. During follow-up, occurrence of death and ischemic
 stroke was recorded. Using Cox regression, we investigated associations of
 WMH markers with risk of mortality and ischemic stroke, adjusting for
 demographics, cardiovascular risk factors and cerebrovascular disease.
 Results We included 999 patients (59±10 years; 79% male) with a median
 follow-up of 12.5 years (range 0.2-16.0 years). A greater periventricular
 or confluent WMH volume was independently associated with a greater risk
 of vascular death (hazard ratio (HR) 1.29, 95% CI 1.13-1.47 for a 1 unit
 increase in natural log-transformed WMH volume) and ischemic stroke
 (HR=1.53, 95% CI 1.26-1.86). A confluent WMH type was independently
 associated with a greater risk of vascular (HR=1.89, 95% CI 1.15-3.11) and
 nonvascular death (HR=1.65, 95% CI 1.01-2.73), and ischemic stroke
 (HR=2.83, 95% CI 1.36-5.87). A more irregular shape of periventricular or
 confluent WMH, as expressed by an increase in concavity index, was
 independently associated with a greater risk of vascular (HR=1.20, 95% CI
 1.05-1.38 per standard deviation increase) and nonvascular death (HR=1.21,
 95% CI 1.03-1.42), and ischemic stroke (HR=1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.55).
 Conclusions WMH volume, type and shape are associated with long-term risk
 of mortality and ischemic stroke in patients with manifest arterial
 disease.
description: <b>Supplemental Figure e-1.
 </b>Examples of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on FLAIR images
 with corresponding visualizations in the automated algorithm.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zs7h44j70
title: Major compositions and mode of Kohistan lower crustal cumulates

description: Arc magmas, a major contributor to continental crust growth, are thought
 to be more oxidized than mid-ocean ridge basalts, but how arc magmas
 become oxidized is debated. In particular, fractionation of Fe-rich phases
 may change the Fe valence and thus the oxidation state of the derivative
 melt. Here we evaluate the redox effect of Fe-rich amphibole fractionation
 during arc magma differentiation. We present high precision Fe valence
 data determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy, and whole-rock Fe3+/∑Fe ratios
 by wet chemistry. Our results show that bulk Fe3+/∑Fe ratio of cumulates
 in mature island arc is mainly controlled by amphibole, and decreases
 (from 0.4 to 0.2) with decreasing Mg# due to decreasing Fe3+/∑Fe ratios of
 amphibole (from 0.35 to 0.2). Our modeling suggests that amphibole
 fractionation from arc magmas with Fe3+/∑Fe significantly above 0.2 can
 lead to increased Fe3+/∑Fe ratios of residual melt (Fe3+/∑Fe from 0.5 to
 0.7 with Mg# from 0.4 to 0.25), and the redox filter capability of
 amphibole increases with the evolution of arc magmas. However, the
 formation of the Kohistan cumulates with Fe3+/∑Fe of 0.3-0.4 from initial
 parental magma with Fe3+/∑Fe of ~0.2 may require additional mechanism. In
 addition, although garnet has much lower Fe3+/∑Fe ratios, its ability to
 control the whole-rock Fe3+/∑Fe in evolved arc magma in mature island arc
 is negligible compared with that of amphibole because of the low
 proportions. Importantly, our findings provide a new perspective for
 understanding the formation of porphyry Cu deposit and the crustal
 evolution from the insight of internal petrological processes.
description: The FeO contents are determined by wet chemistry, and the mode
 are determined by observations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ngf1vhhsg
title: Mapping Africa’s biodiversity: more of the same is just not good enough

description: Species distribution data are fundamental to the understanding of
 biodiversity patterns and processes. Yet, such data are strongly affected
 by sampling biases, mostly related to site accessibility. The
 understanding of these biases is therefore crucial in systematics,
 biogeography and conservation. Here we present a novel approach for
 quantifying sampling effort and its impact on biodiversity knowledge,
 focusing on Africa. In contrast to previous studies assessing sampling
 completeness (percentage of species recorded in relation to predicted), we
 investigate whether the lack of knowledge of a site attracts scientists to
 visit these areas and collect samples of species. We then estimate the
 time required to sample 90% of the continent under a constant sampling
 rate and the number of sampling events required to record ≥50% of the
 species. Using linear and spatial regression models, we show that previous
 sampling has been strongly influencing the resampling of areas, attracting
 repeated visits. This bias has existed for over two centuries, has
 increased in recent decades, and is most pronounced among mammals. It may
 take between 172 and 274 years, depending on the group, to achieve at
 least one sampling event per grid cell in the entire continent. Just one
 visit will however not be enough: in order to record ≥50% of the current
 diversity, it will require at least 12 sampling events for amphibians, 13
 for mammals and 27 for birds. Our results demonstrate the importance of
 sampling areas that lack primary biodiversity data and the urgency with
 which this needs to be done. Current practice is insufficient to
 adequately classify and map African biodiversity; it can lead to incorrect
 conclusions being drawn from biogeographic analyses, and can result in
 misleading and self-reinforcing conservation priorities.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wwpzgmshr
title: Phenomenon of music-induced opening of the blood-brain barrier in healthy mice

description: Music plays a more important role in our life than just being an
 entertainment. For example, it can be used as anti-anxiety therapy of
 human and animals. However, the unsafe listening of loud music triggers
 hearing loss in millions of young people and professional musicians (rock,
 jazz, and symphony orchestra) due to exposure to damaging sound levels
 using personal audio devices or at noisy entertainment venues including
 nightclubs, discotheques, bars, and concerts. Therefore, it is important
 to understand how loud music affects us. In this pioneering study on
 healthy mice, we discover that loud rock music below the safety threshold
 causes opening of the blood-brain barrier (OBBB), which plays an vital
 role in protecting the brain from viruses, bacteria and toxins. We clearly
 demonstrate that listening loud music during 2 hrs in an intermittent
 adaptive regime is accompanied by delayed (1h after music exposure) and
 short-lasting (during 1-4 hrs) OBBB to low and high molecular weight
 compounds without cochlear and brain impairments. We present the systemic
 and molecular mechanisms responsible for music-induced OBBB. Finally, a
 revision of our traditional knowledge about the BBB nature and the novel
 strategies in optimizing of sound-mediated methods for brain drug delivery
 are discussed.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sf7m0cg4r
title: Data from: Drivers of assemblage-wide calling activity in tropical anurans and the role of temporal resolution

description: 1. Temporal scale in animal communities is often associated with
 seasonality, despite the large variation in species activity during a diel
 cycle. A gap thus remains in understanding the dynamics of short-term
 activity in animal communities. 2. Here we assessed calling activity of
 tropical anurans and addressed how species composition varied during night
 activity in assemblages along gradients of local and landscape
 environmental heterogeneity. 3. We investigated 39 anuran assemblages in
 the Pantanal wetlands (Brazil) with passive acoustic monitoring during the
 peak of one breeding season and first determined changes in species
 composition between night periods (early, mid, and late) using two
 temporal resolutions (1-hour and 3-hour intervals). Then, we addressed the
 role of habitat structure (local and landscape heterogeneity variables
 from field-based and remote sensing metrics) and ecological context
 (species richness and phylogenetic relatedness) in determining changes in
 species composition (i) between night periods and (ii) across days. 4.
 Nocturnal calling activity of anuran assemblages varied more within the
 1-hour resolution than the 3-hour resolution. Differences in species
 composition between early and late-night periods were related to local
 habitat structure and phylogenetic relatedness, while a low variation in
 compositional changes across days was associated with low-heterogeneous
 landscapes. None of these relationships were observed using the coarser
 temporal resolution (3-hour). 5. Our findings on the variation of calling
 activity in tropical anuran assemblages suggest potential trades-off
 mediated by fine-temporal partitioning. Local and landscape heterogeneity
 may provide conditions for spatial partitioning, while the relatedness
 among co-signaling species provides cues on the ecological overlap of
 species with similar requirements. These relationships suggest a role of
 niche dimensional complementarity on the structuring of these anuran
 assemblages over fine temporal scales. We argue that fine-temporal
 differences between species in breeding activity can influence the outcome
 of species interaction and that addressing temporal scaling issues can
 improve our understanding of dynamics of animal communities.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p8cz8w9p5
title: Data From: Diversifying bioenergy crops increases yield and yield stability by reducing weed abundance

description: Relationships between species diversity, productivity, temporal stability
 of productivity, and plant invasion have been well documented in
 grasslands, and these relationships could translate to improved
 agricultural sustainability. However, few studies have explored these
 relationships in agricultural contexts where fertility and weeds are
 managed. Using seven years of biomass yield and species composition data
 from twelve species mixture treatments varying in native species
 diversity, we found that species richness increased yield and inter-annual
 yield stability by reducing weed abundance. Stability was driven by yield
 as opposed to temporal variability of yield. Nitrogen fertilization
 increased yield, but at the expense of yield stability. We show how
 relationships between diversity, species asynchrony, invasion,
 productivity and stability observed in natural grasslands can extend into
 managed agricultural systems. Increasing bioenergy crop diversity can
 improve farmer economics via increased yield, reduced yield variability,
 and reduced inputs for weed control, thus promoting perennial vegetation
 on agricultural lands.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x0k6djhhc
title: Data from: Anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with poor sleep health during a period of COVID-19 induced nation-wide lockdown: a cross-sectional analysis of adults in the Middle East

description: Background: Jordan, a Middle Eastern country, declared a state of national
 emergency due to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and a strict nation-wide
 lockdown on March 17, 2020, banning all travel and movement around the
 country, potentially impacting mental health. This study sought to
 investigate the association between mental health (e.g., anxiety and
 depressive symptoms) and sleep health among a sample of Jordanians living
 through a state of COVID-19 induced nation-wide lockdown. Methods: Using
 Facebook, participants (N=1,240) in Jordan in March 2020 were recruited
 and direct to a web-based survey measuring anxiety (items from GAD-7
 instrument), depressive symptoms (items from DES-10), sleep health (items
 from the PSQI), and sociodemographic. A modified Poisson regression model
 with robust error variance. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95%
 confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to examine how anxiety and
 depressive symptoms may affect different dimensions of sleep health: 1)
 poor sleep quality, 2) short sleep duration, 3) encountering sleep
 problems. Results: The majority of participants reported having
 experienced mild (33.8%), moderate (12.9%), or severe (6.3%) levels of
 anxiety during lockdown, and nearly half of respondents reported
 depressive symptoms during lockdown. Similarly, over 60 percent of
 participants reported having experienced at least one sleep problem in the
 last week, and nearly half reported having had short sleep duration.
 Importantly, Anxiety was associated with poor sleep health outcomes. For
 example, corresponding to the dose-response relationship between anxiety
 and sleep health outcomes, those reporting severe anxiety were the most
 likely to experience poor sleep quality (aPR =8.95; 95% CI =6.12–13.08),
 short sleep duration (aPR =2.23; 95% CI = 1.91–2.61), and at least one
 problem sleep problem (aPR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.54–1.95). Moreover,
 depressive symptoms were also associated with poor sleep health outcomes.
 As compared to scoring in the first quartile, scoring fourth quartile was
 associated with poor sleep quality (aPR = 11.82; 95% CI = 6.64 – 21.04),
 short sleep duration (aPR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.58–2.22), and experiencing at
 least one sleep problem (aPR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.66 – 2.18). Conclusions:
 Increased levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms can negatively
 influence sleep health among a sample of Jordanian adults living in a
 state of COVID-19 induced nation-wide lockdown.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2v6wwpzkr
title: Two light sensors decode moonlight versus sunlight to adjust a plastic circadian/circalunidian clock to moon phase

description: Many species synchronize their physiology and behavior to specific hours.
 It is commonly assumed that sunlight acts as the main entrainment signal
 for ~24h clocks. However, the moon provides similarly regular time
 information. Consistently, a growing number of studies have reported
 correlations between diel behavior and lunidian cycles. Yet, mechanistic
 insight into the possible influences of the moon on ~24hr timers remains
 scarce. We have explored the marine bristleworm Platynereis dumerilii to
 investigate the role of moonlight in the timing of daily behavior. We
 uncover that moonlight, besides its role in monthly timing, also schedules
 the exact hour of nocturnal swarming onset to the nights’ darkest times.
 Our work reveals that extended moonlight impacts on a plastic clock that
 exhibits &lt;24h (moonlit) or &gt;24h (no moon) periodicity.
 Abundance, light sensitivity, and genetic requirement indicate that the
 Platynereis light receptor molecule r-Opsin1 serves as a receptor that
 senses moonrise, whereas the cryptochrome protein L-Cry is required to
 discriminate the proper valence of nocturnal light as either moon- or
 sunlight. Comparative experiments in Drosophila suggest that
 cryptochrome’s principal requirement for light valence interpretation is
 conserved. Its exact biochemical properties differ, however, between
 species with dissimilar timing ecology. Our work advances the molecular
 understanding of lunar impact on fundamental rhythmic processes, including
 those of marine mass spawners endangered by anthropogenic change.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6wwpzgmwz
title: Ant taxonomic and functional beta-diversity

description: The decomposition of beta-diversity (β-diversity) into
 its replacement (βrepl) and richness (βrich) components
 in combination with a taxonomic and functional approach, may help to
 identify processes driving community composition along environmental
 gradients. We aimed to understand which abiotic and spatial
 variables influence ant β-diversity and identify which processes may drive
 ant β-diversity patterns in Mediterranean drylands by
 measuring the percentage of variation in ant taxonomic and functional
 β-diversity explained by local environmental, regional climatic and
 spatial variables. We found that taxonomic and functional replacement
 (βrepl) primarily drove patterns in overall β-diversity
 (βtot). Variation partitioning analysis showed that respectively
 16.8 %, 12.9 % and 21.6 % of taxonomic βtot, βrepl and
 βrich variation were mainly explained by local environmental
 variables. Local environmental variables were also the main determinants
 of functional β-diversity, explaining 20.4 %, 17.9 % and 23.2 % of βtot,
 βrepl and βrich variation respectively. Findings suggest
 that niche-based processes drive changes in ant β-diversity, as local
 environmental variables may act as environmental filters on species and
 trait composition. While we found that local environmental variables were
 important predictors of ant β-diversity, further analysis should address
 the contribution of other mechanisms, e.g. competitive exclusion and
 resource partitioning, on ant β-diversity.  
description: Ants were collected along a space-for-time aridity gradient and
 used to measure taxonomic and functional beta-diversity.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x2x
title: Data from: Corneal laser procedure for vision improvement in patients with late stage dry age-related macular degeneration

description: Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of corneal
 photovitrification (CPV), a new corneal laser procedure, for vision
 improvement in patients with late-stage dry age-related macular
 degeneration (AMD). Design: Retrospective observational cohort
 study Participants: 32 eyes of 17 patients with late-stage dry
 AMD; each eye received a single CPV corneal laser procedure and had 12
 months (12m) post-treatment (Tx) follow-up. Methods: Pre- and post-Tx
 examinations included slit-lamp biomicroscopy, subjective manifest
 refraction, best corrected distance and near visual acuity (BCDVA and
 BCNVA), and potential visual acuity (PVA). Additional examinations
 including contrast sensitivity (CS), corneal topography (CT), ray tracing
 aberrometry (RTA) and microperimetry (MP) were obtained for a subgroup
 (n=12) of eyes. Main Outcome Measures: BCDVA, BCNVA, PVA, CS, CT,
 RTA and MP measurements Results: Safety - There were no
 complications or adverse events.   Efficacy – Mean (±
 SD) BCDVA improved significantly (p &lt; 0.004) from 20/238 (1.08
 logMAR) at baseline to 20/144 (0.86 logMAR) at 12m post-Tx corresponding
 to 11.0 (± 13.1) letters gained.  Mean contrast sensitivity
 improved significantly (p &lt; 0.05) by a factor of 1.86 from baseline
 at 12m post-Tx. Conclusions: Subject to the limitation of a small
 sample size, this pilot study indicates that the CPV corneal laser
 procedure is safe and efficacious for vision improvement in patients with
 late-stage dry AMD.  The CPV Tx mechanism of action involves
 retinal irradiance distribution modifications that may stimulate patient
 use of functional, rather than atrophied, retinal regions. 
description: The dataset was collected in a retrospective observational cohort
 study.  Data were processed to provide descriptive statistics.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jm63xsj8p
title: Meta-analysis of glucose tracing studies

description: A longstanding assumption of glucose tracing experiments is that all
 glucose is microbially utilized during short incubations of
 ≤2 days to become microbial biomass or carbon dioxide. Carbon use
 efficiency (CUE) estimates have consequently ignored the formation of
 residues (non-living microbial products) although such materials could
 represent an important sink of glucose that is prone to stabilization as
 soil organic matter. We examined the dynamics of microbial residue
 formation from a short tracer experiment with frequent samplings over
 72 h, and conducted a meta-analysis of previously published
 glucose tracing studies to assess the generality of these experimental
 results. Both our experiment and meta-analysis indicated 30–34% of amended
 glucose-C (13C or 14C) was in the form of residues within the
 first 6 h of substrate addition. We expand the conventional
 efficiency calculation to include residues in both the numerator and
 denominator of efficiency, thereby deriving a novel metric of the
 potential persistence of glucose-C in soil as living microbial biomass
 plus residues (‘carbon stabilization efficiency’). This new metric
 indicates nearly 40% of amended glucose-C persists in soil
 180 days after amendment, the majority as non-biomass residues.
 Starting microbial biomass and clay content emerge as critical factors
 that positively promote such long term stabilization of labile C. Rapid
 residue production supports the conclusion that non-growth maintenance
 activity can illicit high demands for C in soil, perhaps equaling that
 directed towards growth, and that residues may have an underestimated role
 in the cycling and sequestration potential of C in soil.
description: We conducted a meta-analysis of previously published data. The
 search for relevant studies was conducted using the online ISI Web of
 Science Core Collection in September 2018. Search criteria were “C-13 AND
 glucose AND soil” (264 results) and “C-14 AND glucose AND soil” (378
 results). Search criteria resulted in a final list of 315 observations
 from 18 studies. Data presented in graphical form were gleaned using
 PlotDigitizer X (v. 2.0.1).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ghx3ffbmm
title: Regeneration data of bryophyte fragments extracted from feces of Chloephaga picta and Attagis malouinus in Navarino Island, sub-Antarctic Chile

description: Birds are known to act as potential vectors for the exogenous dispersal of
 bryophyte diaspores. Given the totipotency of vegetative tissue of many
 bryophytes, birds could also contribute to endozoochorous bryophyte
 dispersal. Research has shown that fecal samples of the upland goose
 (Chloephaga picta) and white-bellied seedsnipe (Attagis malouinus) contain
 bryophyte fragments. Although few fragments from bird feces have been
 known to regenerate, the evidence for the viability of diaspores following
 passage through the bird intestinal tract remains ambiguous. We evaluated
 the role of endozoochory in these same herbivorous and sympatric bird
 species in sub-Antarctic Chile. We hypothesized that fragments of
 bryophyte gametophytes retrieved from their feces are viable and capable
 of regenerating new plant tissue. Eleven feces samples containing
 undetermined moss fragments from C.
 picta and A. malouinus, six moss fragment samples from
 wild collected mosses
 (Conostomum tetragonum, Syntrichia robusta, and Polytrichum strictum), and one spore sample from C. tetragonum were grown ex situ in peat soil and in vitro using a Gamborg (agar) medium. After 91 days, 20% of fragments from A. malouinus feces, 50% of fragments from C. picta feces, and 57% of propagules from wild mosses produced new growth. The fact that moss diaspores remained viable and can regenerate under experimental conditions following the passage through the intestinal tracts of these robust fliers and altitudinal and latitudinal migrants, suggests that sub-Antarctic birds may play a critical, role in bryophyte dispersal. This relationship may have important implications in the way bryophytes disperse and colonize facing climate change.