cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79cnp5hv8
title: Background complexity can mitigate poor camouflage

description: Avoiding detection through camouflage is often key to survival. However,
 an animal’s appearance is not the only factor affecting conspicuousness:
 background complexity also alters detectability. This has been
 experimentally demonstrated for both artificially patterned backgrounds in
 the lab and natural backgrounds in the wild, but only for targets that
 already match the background well. Do habitats of high visual complexity
 provide concealment to even relatively poorly-camouflaged animals? Using
 artificial prey which differed in their degrees of background matching to
 tree bark, we were able to determine their survival, under bird predation,
 with respect to the natural complexity of the background. The latter was
 quantified using low-level vision metrics of feature congestion (or
 ‘visual clutter’) adapted for bird vision. Higher background orientation
 clutter (edges with varying orientation) reduced the detectability of all
 but the poorest background-matching camouflaged treatments; higher
 background luminance clutter (varying achromatic lightness) reduced
 average mortality for all treatments. Our results suggest that poorer
 camouflage can be mitigated by more complex backgrounds, with implications
 for both camouflage evolution and habitat preferences.
description: Data file is: Rowe_at_al_data.txt    <br> Format:
 tab-delimited text    <br> Created: 24/03/2021    
 Description of variables (columns)    <br> Block  
  "Experimental block (different part of study site on different
 dates): factor with 27 levels, 1 to 27."<br> Treatment  
  "Experimental treatment (varied average luminance): factor with 9
 levels (1 = darkest, 9 = lightest)."<br> Replicate  
  "Replicate number, factor with 10 levels, nested within Block and
 Treatment."<br> Censored    "Binary code: 1 = bird
 predation, 0 = disappearance for any other reason (e.g. invertebrate
 predation) or survival to the end of the trial."<br> Day  
  "Day of disappearance: numeric, taking values 0 to 5. 0 indicates
 the replicate was lost before deployment (n=3)."<br> Notes  
  Plain text description of fate of target.<br> contrast.fc  
  Luminance contrast metric of feature congestion.<br> colour.fc  
  Colour contrast metric of feature congestion.<br> orientation.fc  
  Edge orientation metric of feature congestion.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m905qfv11
title: Acute hypertensive response in patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage: A narrative review

description: Objective: To review the role of the acute hypertensive response in
 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, current treatment options and
 areas for further research. Methods: Systematic review of the literature
 to assess 1) Frequency of acute hypertensive response in intracerebral
 hemorrhage 2) Consequences of acute hypertensive response in clinical
 outcomes 3) Acute hypertensive response and secondary brain injury:
 hematoma expansion and perihematomal edema 4) Vascular autoregulation,
 safety data side effects of acute antihypertensive treatment, and 5)
 Randomized clinical trials and meta-analyses. Results: An acute
 hypertensive response is highly frequent in patients with acute
 intracerebral hemorrhage, and it is associated with poor clinical
 outcomes. However, it is not clear whether high blood pressure is a cause
 poor clinical outcome, or it solely represents a marker of severity.
 Although current guidelines recommend intensive blood pressure treatment
 (&lt;140 mmHg) in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, two
 randomized clinical trials have failed to demonstrate a consistent
 clinical benefit from this approach, and new data suggest that intensive
 blood pressure treatment could be beneficial for some patients, but
 detrimental for others. Conclusions: Intracerebral hemorrhage is a
 heterogenous disease, thus, a one-fit-all approach for blood pressure
 treatment may be suboptimal. Further research should concentrate on
 finding subgroups of patients more likely to benefit from aggressive BP
 lowering, considering ICH etiology, ultraearly randomization and risk
 markers of hematoma expansion on brain imaging.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396858
title: SYNONYMY IN SOMATIC PROVERBS OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396857
title: SYNONYMY IN SOMATIC PROVERBS OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kh189325h
title: Effects of salinity on the simultaneous anammox and denitrification process: performance, sludge morphology, and shifts in microbial communities

description: In this study, the long-term effects of different salinities on the
 performance, sludge morphology, and shifts in microbial communities were
 studied in a simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) process at a
 C/N ratio of 0.5. Stable nitrogen removal efficiencies of 86.96% and
 84.58% and nitrogen removal rates of 0.95 kg/(m3·d) and 0.93 kg/(m3·d)
 could be achieved under low (25 mmol/L) and moderate (50 mmol/L) salinity,
 respectively. However, the performance collapsed when the system was
 exposed to high salinity (100 mmol/L). The content of extracellular
 polymeric substances increased as salinity increased, which resulted in
 larger sizes of granular sludge under low and moderate salinities.
 Nevertheless, high salinity shock disintegrated granular sludge, thereby
 decreasing the average granule size. The Illumina-Miseq sequencing results
 revealed that Candidatus Jettenia was the sole salinity-tolerant AnAOB
 genus during the entire operation, whereas the main denitrification
 bacterial genera shifted from Denitrisoma under low salinity to
 Denitrisoma, Thauera, and Ignavibacterium under high salinity. The results
 of this study provide a comprehensive and practical evaluation of the SAD
 process for organic nitrogen-rich saline wastewater treatment.
description: This data is for Figure 1-4 and Figure S2-S4 of associated
 article.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qrfj6q5fc
title: A trait-based approach across the native and invaded range to understand plant invasiveness and community impact

description: Alien plant species invasiveness and impact on diversity (i.e. species
 richness and composition) can be driven by the altered competitive
 interactions experienced by the invader in its invaded range compared to
 its native range. Trait-based competition effects on invasiveness can be
 mediated through size-asymmetric competition, i.e. a trait suit of the
 invader that drives competitive dominance, and through ‘niche
 differences’, i.e. trait differentiation and thus minimized competition
 between invader and the invaded community. In terms of invasion impact,
 size-asymmetric competition is expected to result in competitive exclusion
 of co-occurring subordinate species, whereas ‘niche differences’ might
 result in competitive exclusion of the most functionally similar
 co-occurring species. Although observational work does not allow the full
 disentanglement of both trait-based effects, it does allow to verify the
 occurrence of expected theoretical trait patters. In this study, we
 explored the trait-based competition effects on invasiveness and diversity
 impact for Rosa rugosa in both its invaded range in Belgium and its native
 range in Japan, based on seven functional traits across 100 vegetation
 plots. Following the predictions for enhanced invasiveness, we found much
 lower functional overlap between R. rugosa and the co-occurring species in
 the invaded range compared to the native range. This likely also explains
 the absence of diversity impact in its native range. Despite the absence
 of changes in species richness in the invaded range, the invader did
 strongly impact species composition of invaded communities. This impact
 occurred through strong shade tolerance responses, suggesting
 size-asymmetric competition effects and cover loss of co-occurring
 dominant species, next to exclusion of co-occurring species most
 functionally similar to the invader; suggesting niche difference effects.
 In conclusion, this case-study illustrates how exploring functional trait
 patterns across a species native and invaded range can help in
 understanding how trait-based competition processes can affect
 invasiveness and community impact.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x3t
title: Data from: Low-copy nuclear genes reveal new evidence of incongruence in relationships within Malvaceae s.l.

description: The family Malvaceae s. l. is a clade that comprises nine subfamilies.
 Phylogenetic relationships among them are not completely resolved and are
 inconsistent among studies, probably due to low phylogenetic
 informativeness of conventional molecular markers. In the present study,
 we provide new phylogenetic information for Malvaceae s.l. derived from
 newly-designed group-specific nuclear markers. By mining transcriptome
 data from the One Thousand Plant Project (1KP) and publicly available
 genome information from cotton, cacao, and Arabidopsis, we designed a set
 of molecular markers of potentially single-or low-copy nuclear genes for
 Malvaceae s.l. Phylogenetic potential of these new loci was compared to
 previously applied conventional markers (i.e., plastid trnK-matK region
 and rbcL gene and the nrDNA ITS region) using the phylogenetic
 informativeness method. The results show that, when the mined nuclear
 regions are used in combination, it is possible to resolve relationships
 at different taxonomic levels within the phylogeny. However, incongruence
 among nuclear loci is frequent in the group, explaining the prevalence of
 unresolved phylogenetic relationships.
description: Transcriptome/genomic mining to obtain low-copy nuclear genes.
 Sanger sequencing and multiple sequence alignment. Phylogenetic analysis
 with Bayesian inference using MrBayes. Phylogenetic discordance using
 Bayesian Concordance Analysis with BUCKy.
description: Supplementary Material (PDF): tables and figures.
 Alignment (Nexus): concatenated alignment with the mined nuclear
 loci, plastid <i>rbcL</i> gene and
 <i>trnK-matK</i> region, and ITS region.
 Supplementary_Material_BUCKy-results (zip file): results from the
 BCA applied to a four-loci (Loci4 folder) and three-loci (Loci3 folder)
 analysis.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vx0k6djr7
title: Early-life environmental conditions influence parasitism at adulthood and life-history of a cuckoo host

description: Environmental conditions experienced by individuals early in life can
 extend into adult phenotypes with potential fitness consequences. Early
 life environmental effects can be relevant for hosts because bad early
 life conditions may impair host cognition increasing the risk of future
 parasitism or lowering parasite recognition. Here we provide a first test
 of this possibility by using data from a 16-year study of individually
 marked female magpie Pica pica hosts for which we know natal and adult
 environments, occurrence of costly great spotted cuckoo Clamator
 glandarius parasitism, egg discrimination ability and life history in
 detail. Females born in warmer years were more likely to be parasitized in
 adulthood and produced fewer offspring throughout their life. Egg
 discrimination behavior and lifespan of magpies were not influenced by the
 quality of natal environments. These results provide support for the idea
 that there exists annual environmental variation potentially promoting
 cohort effects in magpie hosts that may have an impact on cuckoo-host
 co-evolutionary dynamics.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.280gb5mpr
title: Does brain size affect mate choice? An experimental examination in pygmy halfbeaks

description: This dataset allows for an examination into the repeatability between
 external and internal brain measurements in pygmy halfbeaks and the
 repeatability between observers of external measurements (part 1). It also
 allows an examination of whether mate choice is affected by female brain
 size and the difference in sexual ornamentation between two males when a
 female is choosing in a dichotomous choice chamber, using both categorical
 and continuous variables (part 2). The code allows for these to be
 statistically investigated.
description: Methods are described in full in McNeil et al (2021). 
description: Full ReadMe file contains a list of abbreviations within the
 dataset.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v15dv41vw
title: Geographic variation in body size and plumage colour according to diet composition in a nocturnal raptor

description: Predator–prey interactions are amongst the strongest selective forces that
 promote the evolution of local phenotypes in both predators and prey.
 However, intraspecific spatial covariation in phenotypic traits between
 predators and prey has been rarely investigated, especially at a large
 geographic scale. Here, we studied the covariation between prey
 composition and some phenotypic traits, such as wing length, bill length
 and plumage colour, of a widely-distributed nocturnal predator, the
 western barn owl Tyto alba. By using 3100 specimens collected across its
 entire range of distribution, spanning from Europe to Middle East and
 Africa, we showed that wing length positively covaries with prey size, but
 not with taxonomic composition. This finding suggests that larger prey
 might have selected for larger body size and/or that larger individuals
 might be more selective in hunting large prey. In addition, we also found
 that paler-plumaged populations generally hunt larger prey. Paler barn
 owls might be thus better specialized in capturing averagely larger prey
 and/or mainly hunt in habitats where larger prey are more abundant. In
 addition, considering that paler individuals are generally larger than
 brownish ones, it is possible that paler plumage colour might have evolved
 as a by-product of selection towards a large body size, which in turn have
 emerged in response to prey size composition. However, irrespectively of
 the direction of causality and the phenotypic target of selection, we
 showed that predator–prey interactions can affect spatial phenotypic
 variation by promoting the evolution of local adaptations.
description: The readme file contains an explanation of each of the variables
 in the dataset, and its measurement unit. #NA = 
 values not available. Information on how the
 measurements were done can be found in the main manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.djh9w0w05
title: A collection of Tweets related to climate change/infectious diseases and vaccines, broken down by week

description: Twitter has been widely used to share opinions and sentiments on various
 topics. Studies have found correlations between the sentiments on Twitter
 and social trends in the real world. Here, we collected the tweet IDs
 related to climate change, infectious diseases, and vaccines through
 Twitter Application Programming Interface (API), which can be useful for
 further research on different topics. The data ranges from October 30th,
 2016, to April 24th, 2021, and is broken down by week.
description: The dataset was collected through the Twitter Application
 Programming Interface (API).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r7sqv9sbq
title: Age-specific fecundity under pathogenic threat in an insect: terminal investment versus reproductive restraint

description: The terminal investment hypothesis predicts that as an organism’s
 prospects for survival decrease, through age or when exposed to a
 pathogenic infection, it will invest more in reproduction, which should
 trade-off against somatic maintenance (including immunity) and therefore
 future survival. Attempts to test this hypothesis have produced mixed
 results, which, in addition, mainly rely on the assessment of changes in
 reproductive effort and often overlooking its impact on somatic defences
 and survival. Alternatively, animals may restrain current reproduction to
 sustain somatic protection, increasing the chance of surviving for
 additional reproductive opportunities. We tested both of these hypotheses
 in females of the yellow mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, an iteroparous
 insect with reproductive tactics similar to that of long-lived organisms.
 To achieve this, we mimicked pathogenic bacterial infections early or late
 in the life of breeding females by injecting them with a suspension of
 inactivated Bacillus cereus, a known natural pathogen of T. molitor, and
 measured female age-specific fecundity, survival, body mass and immunity.
 Inconsistent with a terminal investment, females given either an early or
 late-life immune challenge did not exhibit reduced survival or enhance
 their reproductive output. Female fecundity declined with age and was
 reduced by the early but not the late immune challenge. Both early and
 late-life fecundity correlated positively with life expectancy. Finally,
 young and old females exhibited similar antibacterial immune responses,
 suggesting that they both restrained reproduction to sustain immunity. Our
 results clearly demonstrate that age-specific reproduction of T. molitor
 females under pathogenic threat is inconsistent with a terminal
 investment. In contrast, our results instead suggest that females used a
 reproductive restraint strategy to sustain immunity and therefore
 subsequent reproductive opportunities. However, as infections were
 mimicked only, the fitness benefit of this reproductive restraint could
 not be shown.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2280gb5rm
title: Agriculture is adapting to phenological shifts caused by climate change, but grassland songbirds are not

description: Migratory birds time their migration based on cues that signal resource
 availability for reproduction. However, with climate change, the timing of
 seasonal events may shift, potentially inhibiting the ability of some
 species to use them as accurate cues for migration.  We studied
 the relationship between phenological shifts and reproduction by long- and
 short-distance migratory songbirds—Bobolinks (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) and
 Savannah Sparrows (Passerculus sandwichensis). Our study population breeds
 in hayfields and pastures in Vermont, USA, where farmers are also changing
 management activities in response to climate change. From 2002-2019 we
 monitored nest initiation dates to quantify correlations with
 environmental factors and the timing of nest initiation. We collected
 historical and projected precipitation and temperature data for the
 breeding grounds, and their respective wintering and stopover sites, the
 North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the El Niño Southern Oscillation
 (ENSO). We predicted that winter conditions experienced by the
 short-distance migrant, the Savannah Sparrow, but not the long-distance
 migrant, the Bobolink, would explain the timing and success of nesting,
 however that this timing would be misaligned with changes in agricultural
 practices by hay farmers.  Nest initiation dates did not show
 significant directional change for either species, but did vary among
 years. Interannual variation in Savannah Sparrow nest initiation dates was
 best explained by the interaction between precipitation on the breeding
 grounds and average wintering site (Wilmington, North Carolina). For
 Bobolinks, interannual variation in nest initiation dates was best
 explained by the interaction between breeding ground precipitation and
 average temperature in their fall stopover site (Barquisimieto,
 Venezuela). However, first haying dates in Vermont advanced by ~10 days
 over 18 years. These results suggest that the conflict between the timing
 of hay harvests and grassland songbird reproduction will increase, further
 threatening population processes for these species, as early harvests
 notably decrease annual productivity.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jm63xsj9t
title: Stage-structured ontogeny in resource populations generates non-additive stabilizing and de-stabilizing forces in populations and communities

description: Demographic heterogeneity influences how populations respond to density
 dependent intraspecific competition and trophic interactions. Distinct
 stages across an organism’s development, or ontogeny, are an important
 example of demographic heterogeneity. In consumer populations, ontogenetic
 stage structure has been shown to produce categorical differences in
 population dynamics, community dynamics, and even species coexistence
 compared to models lacking explicit ontogeny. The study of
 consumer-resource interactions must also consider the ontogenetic stage
 structure of the resource itself, particularly plants, given their
 fundamental role at the basis of terrestrial food webs. We incorporate
 distinct ontogenetic stages of plants into an adaptable multi-stage
 consumer-resource modeling framework that facilitates studying how stage
 specific consumers shape trophic dynamics at low trophic levels. We
 describe the role of density dependent demographic rates in mediating the
 dynamics of stage-structured plant populations. We then investigate how
 these demographic rates interact with consumer pressure to influence
 stability and coexistence in multiple stage-specific consumer-resource
 interactions. Results detail how density dependent effects across distinct
 ontogenetic stages in plant development produce non-additivity in the
 drivers of dynamic stability both in single populations and in
 consumer-resource settings, challenging the ubiquity of certain
 traditional ecological dynamic paradigms. We also find categorical
 differences in the population variability induced by herbivores consuming
 separate plant stages. Consumer-resource models, such as plant-herbivore
 interactions, often average out demographic heterogeneity in populations.
 Here, we show that explicitly including plant demographic heterogeneity
 through ontogeny yields distinct dynamic expectations for both plants and
 herbivores compared to traditional consumer-resource formulations. Our
 results indicate that efforts to understand the demographic effect of
 herbivores on plant populations may need to also consider the effects of
 plant demographics on herbivores and the reciprocal relationship between
 them.
description: Attached here are the 4 models used in Glaum & Vandermeer
 2021 (Oikos DOI: 10.11111/oik.08099). Each model is in its own
 file. These files were created using Mathematica and are run using
 Wolfram's CDF (computable document format) Player which can run
 Mathematica code.
description: The files provided here are Wolfram .cdf files (computable
 document format). A CDF is a public format that can be used with
 Wolfram's free CDF Player, available (as of April 2021) at
 https://www.wolfram.com/player/