cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5531737.v1
title: Nucleopolyhedrovirus infection enhances plant defences by increasing plant volatile diversity

description: Plant–herbivore–entomopathogen tri-trophic interactions and biodiversity are relatively understudied topics in ecology. Particularly, the effects of entomopathogens on herbivore-induced plant volatiles and plant volatile diversity on the defensive function of plants have not been studied in detail. We used soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>), beet armyworm larvae (<i>Spodoptera exigua</i>), and nucleopolyhedrovirus (NPV) as a tri-trophic system to determine whether NPV infection can promote the emission and diversity of volatiles from plants. We also investigated whether NPV infection affects the attraction of <i>Microplitis pallidipes</i>, an important endoparasitoid of larval <i>S</i>. <i>exigua</i>. Uninfested soybean plants released 7 detectable volatile compounds while plants fed upon by healthy and NPV-infected <i>S. exigua</i> larvae released 12 and 15 volatiles, respectively. Female parasitoids were more attracted to the volatiles from plants that were fed upon by NPV-infected larvae than healthy larvae, and more attracted to the volatiles from plants that were fed upon by healthy larvae than no larvae. The selective responses of parasitoids to plant odours increased as plant volatile diversity increased. Our study suggests that the NPV infection facilitates the release of plant volatiles and enhances the defensive function of plants by increasing plant volatile diversity which in turn attracts more parasitoids. Also, this work reveals that plants might accrue two indirect benefits from NPV infection, cessation of herbivore feeding and more parasitisation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532076
title: Data S2 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The fat mass of body weight in each group at week 4 and week 8.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532076.v1
title: Data S2 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The fat mass of body weight in each group at week 4 and week 8.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532100
title: Data S1 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The body weight of mice in ND, HFD and HFD+Cur group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532100.v1
title: Data S1 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The body weight of mice in ND, HFD and HFD+Cur group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532121
title: Data S5 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The serum lipid profiles and FFA level of mice in ND, HFD and HFD+Cur group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532121.v1
title: Data S5 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The serum lipid profiles and FFA level of mice in ND, HFD and HFD+Cur group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532142
title: Data S3 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The fasting blood glucose of mice in ND, HFD and HFD+Cur group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532142.v1
title: Data S3 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The fasting blood glucose of mice in ND, HFD and HFD+Cur group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532157
title: Data S4 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The results of OGTT at week 4 and week 8.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5532157.v1
title: Data S4 from Curcumin improves glycolipid metabolism through regulating peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ signalling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice and 3T3-L1 adipocytes

description: The results of OGTT at week 4 and week 8.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5533111
title: Study of chest injuries to 3-year-old child occupants seated in impact shield and 5-point harness CRSs

description: <b>Objective</b>: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the 5-point harness or the impact shield child restraint system (CRS) or both have the potential to cause chest injuries to children. This is determined by examining whether the loading to the chest reaches the internal organ injury threshold for children. <b>Method</b>: The chest injury risk to a child occupant in a CRS was investigated using Q3 dummy tests, finite element (FE) simulations (Q3 dummy and human models), and animal tests. The investigation was done for 2 types of CRSs (i.e., the impact shield CRS and 5-point harness CRS) based on the UN R44 dynamic test specifications. <b>Results</b>: The tests using a Q3 dummy indicated that although the chest deflection of the dummy in the impact shield CRS was large, it was less than the injury threshold (40 mm). Computational biomechanics simulations (using finite element FE analysis) showed that the Q3 dummy's chest is loaded by the shield and deforms substantially under this load. To clarify whether chest injuries due to chest compression can occur with an impact shield or with the 5-point harness CRS, 7 experiments were performed using Tibetan miniature pigs with weights ranging from 9.7 to 13 kg. Severe chest and abdominal injuries (lung contusion, coronary artery laceration, liver laceration) were found in the tests using the impact shield CRS. No chest injuries were present when using the 5-point harness CRS. <b>Conclusion</b>: When using the impact shield CRS, the chest deformed substantially in dummy tests and FE simulations, and chest and abdominal injuries were observed in pig tests. It is possible that these chest injuries could also occur to child occupants sitting in the impact shield CRS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5533111.v2
title: Study of chest injuries to 3-year-old child occupants seated in impact shield and 5-point harness CRSs

description: <b>Objective</b>: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the 5-point harness or the impact shield child restraint system (CRS) or both have the potential to cause chest injuries to children. This is determined by examining whether the loading to the chest reaches the internal organ injury threshold for children. <b>Method</b>: The chest injury risk to a child occupant in a CRS was investigated using Q3 dummy tests, finite element (FE) simulations (Q3 dummy and human models), and animal tests. The investigation was done for 2 types of CRSs (i.e., the impact shield CRS and 5-point harness CRS) based on the UN R44 dynamic test specifications. <b>Results</b>: The tests using a Q3 dummy indicated that although the chest deflection of the dummy in the impact shield CRS was large, it was less than the injury threshold (40 mm). Computational biomechanics simulations (using finite element FE analysis) showed that the Q3 dummy's chest is loaded by the shield and deforms substantially under this load. To clarify whether chest injuries due to chest compression can occur with an impact shield or with the 5-point harness CRS, 7 experiments were performed using Tibetan miniature pigs with weights ranging from 9.7 to 13 kg. Severe chest and abdominal injuries (lung contusion, coronary artery laceration, liver laceration) were found in the tests using the impact shield CRS. No chest injuries were present when using the 5-point harness CRS. <b>Conclusion</b>: When using the impact shield CRS, the chest deformed substantially in dummy tests and FE simulations, and chest and abdominal injuries were observed in pig tests. It is possible that these chest injuries could also occur to child occupants sitting in the impact shield CRS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5533111.v1
title: Study of Chest Injuries to 3YO Child Occupants Seated in Impact Shield and 5-point Harness CRSs

description: <b>Objective</b>: To investigate whether the 5-point harness or the impact shield CRS or both has the potential to cause chest injuries to children. This is determined by examining whether the loading to the chest reaches the internal organ injury threshold for children. <b>Method</b>: The chest injury risk to a child occupant in a child restraint system (CRS) was investigated using Q3 dummy tests, finite element (FE) simulations (Q3 dummy and human models) and animal tests. The investigation was done for two types of CRSs (i.e., the impact shield CRS and 5-point harness CRS) based on the UN R44 dynamic test specifications. <b>Results</b>: The tests using a Q3 dummy indicated that although the chest deflection of the dummy in the impact shield CRS was large, it was less than the injury threshold (40 mm). Computational biomechanics simulations (using finite element FE analysis) showed that the Q3 dummy's chest is loaded by the shield and deforms substantially under this load. To clarify whether chest injuries due to chest compression can occur with an impact shield or with the 5-point harness CRS, seven experiments were performed using Tibetan miniature pigs with weights ranging from 9.7 kg to 13 kg. Severe chest and abdomen injuries (lung contusion, coronary artery laceration, liver laceration) were found in the tests using the impact shield CRS. No chest injuries were present when using the 5-point harness CRS. <b>Conclusion</b>: When using the impact shield CRS, the chest deformed substantially in dummy tests and FE simulations, and chest and abdominal injuries were observed in pig tests. It is possible that these chest injuries also could occur to child occupants sitting in the impact shield CRS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5540104.v1
title: Experimental Investigation of Turbulent Flame Propagation and Pressure Oscillation in a Constant Volume Chamber Equipped With an Orifice Plate

description: In this work, the main contribution is an understanding of different combustion phenomena involving flame acceleration, flame propagation, and the pressure oscillation resulting from flame-shock interactions. These physical phenomena were experimentally studied using a newly developed confined combustion chamber equipped with one or two orifice plates. The results showed that there are five stages of flame propagation when a laminar flame passes through the orifice plate in a confined space. These include the deceleration of the laminar flame, jet flame formation and rapid acceleration, deceleration of the flame, turbulent flame formation and acceleration, and turbulent flame propagation in the end-gas region. Flame acceleration and pressure oscillation were found to be strongly related to the aperture size of the orifice plate. The high amplitudes of pressure oscillations were found to be the results of two combustion mechanisms: the end gas auto-ignition and the interactions between the accelerated turbulent flame and shock wave. To further accelerate the flame and promote stronger disturbance in the end gas, another identical orifice plate was employed. Subsequently, strong flame-shock interaction caused end-gas auto-ignition with an extremely high-amplitude pressure oscillation. Eventually, the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation exceeded 8 MPa as end-gas auto-ignition occurred in the end region of the combustion chamber.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5540104
title: Experimental Investigation of Turbulent Flame Propagation and Pressure Oscillation in a Constant Volume Chamber Equipped With an Orifice Plate

description: In this work, the main contribution is an understanding of different combustion phenomena involving flame acceleration, flame propagation, and the pressure oscillation resulting from flame-shock interactions. These physical phenomena were experimentally studied using a newly developed confined combustion chamber equipped with one or two orifice plates. The results showed that there are five stages of flame propagation when a laminar flame passes through the orifice plate in a confined space. These include the deceleration of the laminar flame, jet flame formation and rapid acceleration, deceleration of the flame, turbulent flame formation and acceleration, and turbulent flame propagation in the end-gas region. Flame acceleration and pressure oscillation were found to be strongly related to the aperture size of the orifice plate. The high amplitudes of pressure oscillations were found to be the results of two combustion mechanisms: the end gas auto-ignition and the interactions between the accelerated turbulent flame and shock wave. To further accelerate the flame and promote stronger disturbance in the end gas, another identical orifice plate was employed. Subsequently, strong flame-shock interaction caused end-gas auto-ignition with an extremely high-amplitude pressure oscillation. Eventually, the maximum amplitude of pressure oscillation exceeded 8 MPa as end-gas auto-ignition occurred in the end region of the combustion chamber.
DOI: 10.25919/cr8a-mb89
title: Parkes observations for project P595 semester 2023OCTS_12

description: We propose to continue the PULSE@Parkes project in which high school students from Australia and around the World use the Parkes radio telescope in a remote observing model to observe and analyse pulsar data. The data from some PULSE@Parkes observations are used to support the space missions, other observations supplement the P456 Pulsar Timing Array project and the remainder were chosen in order to make a detailed analysis of pulsar timing irregularities and intermittency.
DOI: 10.25919/p3bx-zk23
title: Parkes observations for project P1054 semester 2023OCTS_15

description: With this proposal we ask time to continue our timing follow-up campaign of pulsars discovered with the MeerKAT telescope. Twentyfive sources have been discovered in targeted observations of Fermi unidentified point sources, one in association with a Supernova Remnant, 13 in the Magellanic Clouds, 72 in Globular Clusters and 78 in a survey of the Galactic plane. A large fraction of the new discoveries are recycled pulsars (including at least one double neutron star system and several 'spider' binaries), or young pulsars. Timing observations have an essential role in exploiting the full potential of any pulsar discovery, allowing the precise measurement of rotational, astrometric and orbital parameters which, in turn, give us powerful tools to improve our understanding of the physics in extreme environments as well as of the population of neutron stars as a whole. The UWL receiver of the Parkes telescope is a sensitive, versatile instrument that is allowing us to successfully time these new sources, in the bright-end of TRAPUM discoveries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5556727
title: Data resubmission from Macroecological factors shape local-scale spatial patterns in agriculturalist settlements

description: Macro-scale patterns of human systems ranging from population distribution to linguistic diversity have attracted recent attention, giving rise to the suggestion that macroecological rules shape the assembly of human societies. However, in which aspects the geography of our own species is shaped by macroecological factors remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a first demonstration that macroecological factors shape strong local-scale spatial patterns in human settlement systems, through an analysis of spatial patterns in agriculturalist settlements in eastern mainland China based on high-resolution Google Earth images. We used spatial point pattern analysis to show that settlement spatial patterns are characterized by over-dispersion at fine spatial scales (0.05–1.4 km), consistent with territory segregation, and clumping at coarser spatial scales beyond the over-dispersion signals, indicating territorial clustering. Statistical modelling shows that, at macroscales, potential evapotranspiration and topographic heterogeneity have negative effects on territory size, but positive effects on territorial clustering. These relationships are in line with predictions from territory theory for hunter-gatherers as well as for many animal species. Our results help to disentangle the complex interactions between intrinsic spatial processes in agriculturalist societies and external forcing by macroecological factors. While one may speculate that humans can escape ecological constraints because of unique abilities for environmental modification and globalized resource transportation, our work highlights that universal macroecological principles still shape the geography of current human agricultural societies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5556727.v1
title: Data resubmission from Macroecological factors shape local-scale spatial patterns in agriculturalist settlements

description: Macro-scale patterns of human systems ranging from population distribution to linguistic diversity have attracted recent attention, giving rise to the suggestion that macroecological rules shape the assembly of human societies. However, in which aspects the geography of our own species is shaped by macroecological factors remains poorly understood. Here, we provide a first demonstration that macroecological factors shape strong local-scale spatial patterns in human settlement systems, through an analysis of spatial patterns in agriculturalist settlements in eastern mainland China based on high-resolution Google Earth images. We used spatial point pattern analysis to show that settlement spatial patterns are characterized by over-dispersion at fine spatial scales (0.05–1.4 km), consistent with territory segregation, and clumping at coarser spatial scales beyond the over-dispersion signals, indicating territorial clustering. Statistical modelling shows that, at macroscales, potential evapotranspiration and topographic heterogeneity have negative effects on territory size, but positive effects on territorial clustering. These relationships are in line with predictions from territory theory for hunter-gatherers as well as for many animal species. Our results help to disentangle the complex interactions between intrinsic spatial processes in agriculturalist societies and external forcing by macroecological factors. While one may speculate that humans can escape ecological constraints because of unique abilities for environmental modification and globalized resource transportation, our work highlights that universal macroecological principles still shape the geography of current human agricultural societies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5568136
title: Overexpression of U1 snRNA induces decrease of U1 spliceosome function associated with Alzheimer’s disease

description: We recently reported that presenilin-1 (PS1) induced an increase of U1 snRNA expression accompanied with the change of amyloid precursor protein expression, β-amyloid level and cell death. In the present study, our data showed that both overexpression and knockdown of U1 snRNA could cause the loss in the function of U1 snRNA and resulted in PCPA as well as the same downstream phenomena including the expression changes of genes specific to AD, tau hyperphosphorylation on the site of Thr212, the decrease of acetylated α-tubulin, the reduction of cell viability and upregulation of RIPK1, RIPK3 and caspase8. These findings not only helped researchers better understand the functions of U1 snRNA, but also paved the way to reveal the mechanisms of AD from a different point of view and may find a new therapeutic target for the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5568136.v1
title: Overexpression of U1 snRNA induces decrease of U1 spliceosome function associated with Alzheimer’s disease

description: We recently reported that presenilin-1 (PS1) induced an increase of U1 snRNA expression accompanied with the change of amyloid precursor protein expression, β-amyloid level and cell death. In the present study, our data showed that both overexpression and knockdown of U1 snRNA could cause the loss in the function of U1 snRNA and resulted in PCPA as well as the same downstream phenomena including the expression changes of genes specific to AD, tau hyperphosphorylation on the site of Thr212, the decrease of acetylated α-tubulin, the reduction of cell viability and upregulation of RIPK1, RIPK3 and caspase8. These findings not only helped researchers better understand the functions of U1 snRNA, but also paved the way to reveal the mechanisms of AD from a different point of view and may find a new therapeutic target for the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5568391
title: Causes of blood methylomic variation for middle-aged women measured by the HumanMethylation450 array

description: To address the limitations in current classic twin/family research on the genetic and/or environmental causes of human methylomic variation, we measured blood DNA methylation for 479 women (mean age 56 years) including 66 monozygotic (MZ), 66 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs and 215 sisters of twins, and 11 random technical duplicates using the HumanMethylation450 array. For each methylation site, we estimated the correlation for pairs of duplicates, MZ twins, DZ twins, and siblings, fitted variance component models by assuming the variation is explained by genetic factors, by shared and individual environmental factors, and by independent measurement error, and assessed the best fitting model. We found that the average (standard deviation) correlations for duplicate, MZ, DZ, and sibling pairs were 0.10 (0.35), 0.07 (0.21), -0.01 (0.14) and -0.04 (0.07). At the genome-wide significance level of 10<sup>−7</sup>, 93.3% of sites had no familial correlation, and 5.6%, 0.1%, and 0.2% of sites were correlated for MZ, DZ, and sibling pairs. For 86.4%, 6.9%, and 7.1% of sites, the best fitting model included measurement error only, a genetic component, and at least one environmental component. For the 13.6% of sites influenced by genetic and/or environmental factors, the average proportion of variance explained by environmental factors was greater than that explained by genetic factors (0.41 vs. 0.37, <i>P</i> value &lt;10<sup>−15</sup>). Our results are consistent with, for middle-aged woman, blood methylomic variation measured by the HumanMethylation450 array being largely explained by measurement error, and more influenced by environmental factors than by genetic factors.