DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7960
title: Data from: Where do monomorphic sexual systems fit in the evolution of dioecy? Insights from the largest family of angiosperms

description: A range of hypothesized evolutionary pathways has been proposed for
 describing the evolution of dioecy. However, the evolutionary links
 between other sexual systems not directly involved in dioecy evolution
 remain largely unexplored, and hence, a comprehensive picture of
 evolutionary transitions between sexual systems is still lacking. We
 explored the diversity and evolution of sexual systems in Asteraceae, the
 largest family of flowering plants, where almost all sexual systems are
 present. We used a phylogenetic approach to build a model of evolutionary
 transitions between sexual systems. The best model involved nine
 transitions, including those from hermaphroditism to andromonoecy,
 gynomonoecy and gynodioecy, those from gynomonoecy to monoecy and
 trimonoecy, two transitions to dioecy -one through gynodioecy and the
 other through monoecy-, and reversals from monoecy to gynomonoecy and from
 gynomonoecy to hermaphroditism. Our reconstruction of the evolution of
 sexual systems in Asteraceae provided for the first time a joint view of
 the evolutionary transitions between seven sexual systems, unveiling the
 evolutionary links between monomorphic sexual systems. A pathway from
 hermaphroditism to monoecy through gynomonoecy instead of from
 andromonoecy was highly supported which was consistent with a gradient of
 floral gender specialization.
description: Sexual system data for
 1597 genera of AsteraceaeThis file includes
 sexual system data for 1597 genera of Asteraceae collected by R. Torices.
 If you have any question related with this data set, please contact with
 Rubén Torices (rubentorices@gmail.com). The file includes two worksheets:
 "Data" and "References". In "Data" are the
 sexual system information, whereas in "References" are the
 bibliographic references cited in "Data" and used to collect
 sexual system information.1_fulldata.xlsPhylogenetic supertree of AsteraceaePhylogenetic supertree of Asteraceae family in NEXUS format obtained from Funk VA, Bayer R, Keeley S, Chan R, Watson L, Gemeinholzer B, Schilling E, Panero J, Baldwin B, García-Jacas NT, et al. 2005. Everywhere but Antarctica: Using a supertree to understand the diversity and distribution of the Compositae. Biologiske Skrifter 55: 343-374.2_funketal2005.treAsteraceae supertree with branch lengths from Torices (2010)Asteraceae supertree from Funk et al. (2005) where those genera having more than one sexual system were split into as many separate clades as sexual systems present. Branch lengths were obtained from Torices R. 2010. Adding time-calibrated branch lengths to the Asteraceae supertree. Journal of Systematic and Evolution 48: 271-278. The file is in NEXUS format.3_funketal2005_dated.tre500 dichotomous supertrees from randomly resolving polytomies500 dichotomous supertrees obtained from randomly resolving polytomies from "2_funketal2005_dated.tre". The file is in NEXUS format.4_funketal2005_500random_modified_trees.treSexual system matrixMatrix with sexual system data for taxa included in phylogenetic hypotheses. Sexual system was extracted from "fulldata.xls". 0 = hermaphroditism, 1 = andromonoecy, 2 = gynomonoecy, 3 = monoecy, 4 = dioecy, 5 = gynodioecy, 6 = trimonoecy.5_sex_system.nex