cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26064772.v1
title: The lost gardens of the Palace of Meirás (Pazo de Meirás), a journey through time

description: The Pazo de Meirás (Meirás Palace) is a vast historical and artistic heritage complex with a great cultural and political importance in the recent history of Spain, being one of the most recognizable buildings for the Spanish people nowadays. Therefore, the current conservation status of the gardens has been assessed through the reconstruction of its historical evolution. Originally, the Pazo de Meirás and its gardens were built linked to the artistic and romantic style imprint of the outstanding writer Countess Emilia Pardo Bazán (1856­–1921). The gardens experienced their greatest splendor during this period. In fact, the historical floral diversity of the gardens, with a total of 154 recorded taxa, is among the highest in Galician manor houses. However, the context of the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) involved a drastic change: the palace became the summer residence of the head of the Spanish state, General Francisco Franco (1938–1975). Despite subsequent neglect and a fire in 1978, the estate’s intrinsic value led to its return to the Spanish State in 2020. Currently, the gardens could constitute a significant cultural asset linked to the Countess of Pardo Bazán and to the socio-political changes that took place in Spain during the 20<sup>th</sup> century.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26080609
title: Measuring short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Central New Jersey air using chemical ionization mass spectrometry

description: Real-time measurements of short-chain (C &lt; 8) per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were performed in Central New Jersey air using chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS). The CIMS was calibrated for C<sub>2</sub> – C<sub>6</sub> perfluorinated carboxylic acids, and 4:2 and 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohols. Of these, only trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was detected in ambient air above instrumental detection limits. However, instrumental sensitivities (and thus ambient mixing ratios) were estimated for other detected PFAS including C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>F<sub>6</sub>O and C<sub>6</sub>HF<sub>11</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. TFA mixing ratios reached up to 0.7 parts-per-trillion by volume (pptv). Estimated C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>F<sub>6</sub>O and C<sub>6</sub>HF<sub>11</sub>O<sub>3</sub> mixing ratios reached the single pptv level. These latter two formulas are consistent with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) respectively, though they may potentially represent multiple isomers. Diel profiles of detected PFAS, along with local meteorological data can provide information on potential local sources of these compounds. However, only limited discussion of potential sources was provided here given the sparse detection of these compounds above instrument detection limits. These results demonstrate the potential of online CIMS instrumentation for measuring certain PFAS in ambient outdoor air in real time at or below the pptv level. This technique also has potential for fenceline monitoring and other near-source applications. <i>Implications</i>: Online chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) has potential for fast, real-time measurements of certain airborne per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Three short-chain (C &lt; 8) PFAS were detected by CIMS in Central New Jersey ambient air near or above the parts-per-trillion by volume (pptv) level. This technique also has potential for fenceline monitoring and other near-source applications for airborne PFAS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26080609.v1
title: Measuring short-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in Central New Jersey air using chemical ionization mass spectrometry

description: Real-time measurements of short-chain (C &lt; 8) per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were performed in Central New Jersey air using chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS). The CIMS was calibrated for C<sub>2</sub> – C<sub>6</sub> perfluorinated carboxylic acids, and 4:2 and 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohols. Of these, only trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was detected in ambient air above instrumental detection limits. However, instrumental sensitivities (and thus ambient mixing ratios) were estimated for other detected PFAS including C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>F<sub>6</sub>O and C<sub>6</sub>HF<sub>11</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. TFA mixing ratios reached up to 0.7 parts-per-trillion by volume (pptv). Estimated C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>F<sub>6</sub>O and C<sub>6</sub>HF<sub>11</sub>O<sub>3</sub> mixing ratios reached the single pptv level. These latter two formulas are consistent with hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA) respectively, though they may potentially represent multiple isomers. Diel profiles of detected PFAS, along with local meteorological data can provide information on potential local sources of these compounds. However, only limited discussion of potential sources was provided here given the sparse detection of these compounds above instrument detection limits. These results demonstrate the potential of online CIMS instrumentation for measuring certain PFAS in ambient outdoor air in real time at or below the pptv level. This technique also has potential for fenceline monitoring and other near-source applications. <i>Implications</i>: Online chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) has potential for fast, real-time measurements of certain airborne per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Three short-chain (C &lt; 8) PFAS were detected by CIMS in Central New Jersey ambient air near or above the parts-per-trillion by volume (pptv) level. This technique also has potential for fenceline monitoring and other near-source applications for airborne PFAS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16837846
title: Macrofaunal communities in the Cenomanian-Turonian strata of Kasserine area (west central Tunisia, North Africa)

description: The Cenomanian/Turonian strata of the Kasserine area: Tunisia exhibit a unique sedimentological and palaeontological pattern. Five lithological units have been identified: 1) lower unfossilferous black shale; 2) well-bedded marly unit with thin limestone interbeds; 3) marl unit, 4) same as 2, and 5) unfossilferous dolomitic thick-bedded limestone. The middle three units contain low diversity macrofaunal communities dominated mainly by oyster bivalves with few gastropods and echinoids. Fortunately, three marker ammonite species were identified and are used to subdivide the studied interval into three biozones, including 1) <i>Calycoceras cenomanense</i>, 2) <i>Pseudaspidoceras pseudonodosoides</i> and 3) <i>Neoptychites Cephalotus</i>. Based on constrained clustering and ordination techniques, three distinct macrofaunal associations were identified: 1) <i>Ceratostreon flabellatum</i>, 2) <i>Ilymatogyra africana</i> and 3) <i>Tylostoma (Tylostoma) globosum</i>. In general, the macrofaunal diversity decreases at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary, which is interpreted to be a consequence of a global sea-level rise and the destruction of shallower habitats. Based on the life habits of the macrofaunal communities, a change from a high-energy (<i>Ceratostreon</i> and <i>Ilymatogyra)</i> to a low-energy (<i>Tylostoma)</i> shallow marine environment was indicated. The dominance of oysters in these nutrient-rich sediments was attributed to their ability to tolerate high turbidity water and to colonise soft-substrate sea bottoms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16837846.v1
title: Macrofaunal communities in the Cenomanian-Turonian strata of Kasserine area (west central Tunisia, North Africa)

description: The Cenomanian/Turonian strata of the Kasserine area: Tunisia exhibit a unique sedimentological and palaeontological pattern. Five lithological units have been identified: 1) lower unfossilferous black shale; 2) well-bedded marly unit with thin limestone interbeds; 3) marl unit, 4) same as 2, and 5) unfossilferous dolomitic thick-bedded limestone. The middle three units contain low diversity macrofaunal communities dominated mainly by oyster bivalves with few gastropods and echinoids. Fortunately, three marker ammonite species were identified and are used to subdivide the studied interval into three biozones, including 1) <i>Calycoceras cenomanense</i>, 2) <i>Pseudaspidoceras pseudonodosoides</i> and 3) <i>Neoptychites Cephalotus</i>. Based on constrained clustering and ordination techniques, three distinct macrofaunal associations were identified: 1) <i>Ceratostreon flabellatum</i>, 2) <i>Ilymatogyra africana</i> and 3) <i>Tylostoma (Tylostoma) globosum</i>. In general, the macrofaunal diversity decreases at the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary, which is interpreted to be a consequence of a global sea-level rise and the destruction of shallower habitats. Based on the life habits of the macrofaunal communities, a change from a high-energy (<i>Ceratostreon</i> and <i>Ilymatogyra)</i> to a low-energy (<i>Tylostoma)</i> shallow marine environment was indicated. The dominance of oysters in these nutrient-rich sediments was attributed to their ability to tolerate high turbidity water and to colonise soft-substrate sea bottoms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13013747
title: Geochemical analyses suggest stratigraphic origin and late Miocene age of reworked vertebrate remains from Penanjong Beach in Brunei Darussalam (Borneo)

description: We report on sporadic fossil vertebrates from Brunei Darussalam (Borneo). Most of these isolated remains are reworked and derive from Penanjong Beach known for former coastal cliffs used to be rich in marine molluscs. Previously, the only vertebrate remains reported were shark teeth. With new material, the fish fauna is now represented by six shark and a single ray taxa, while remains of three turtle families were discovered (Trionychidae, Cheloniidae, Geoemydidae). This fauna is compared to nearby upper Miocene fossiliferous beds from where remains of cheloniid and trionychid turtles were unearthed. To assess the origin of the reworked remains, rare earth element (REE) concentrations of the fossil bioapatite were compared between the reworked and the geographically closest <i>in-situ</i> Ambug Hill fauna. The obtained trend in REE variations are identical, revealing similar REE uptake mechanism and early diagenetic conditions. With the additional fact that the succession outcropping at Ambug Hill cuts the coastline imply that the majority of the reworked fossils derive from the local Miocene beds. This is supported by Sr-isotope ages from reworked calcite bivalve shells ranging from 9.74 to 6.62 Ma. These turtle remains thus represent the hitherto known first Neogene fossil tetrapods from Borneo.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13013747.v1
title: Geochemical analyses suggest stratigraphic origin and late Miocene age of reworked vertebrate remains from Penanjong Beach in Brunei Darussalam (Borneo)

description: We report on sporadic fossil vertebrates from Brunei Darussalam (Borneo). Most of these isolated remains are reworked and derive from Penanjong Beach known for former coastal cliffs used to be rich in marine molluscs. Previously, the only vertebrate remains reported were shark teeth. With new material, the fish fauna is now represented by six shark and a single ray taxa, while remains of three turtle families were discovered (Trionychidae, Cheloniidae, Geoemydidae). This fauna is compared to nearby upper Miocene fossiliferous beds from where remains of cheloniid and trionychid turtles were unearthed. To assess the origin of the reworked remains, rare earth element (REE) concentrations of the fossil bioapatite were compared between the reworked and the geographically closest <i>in-situ</i> Ambug Hill fauna. The obtained trend in REE variations are identical, revealing similar REE uptake mechanism and early diagenetic conditions. With the additional fact that the succession outcropping at Ambug Hill cuts the coastline imply that the majority of the reworked fossils derive from the local Miocene beds. This is supported by Sr-isotope ages from reworked calcite bivalve shells ranging from 9.74 to 6.62 Ma. These turtle remains thus represent the hitherto known first Neogene fossil tetrapods from Borneo.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13136015
title: The Ruditayoj-Tunasniyoj fossil area (Chuquisaca, Bolivia): a Triassic chirotheriid megatracksite and reinterpretation of purported thyreophoran tracks

description: The South American tetrapod track record is highly diverse and well known mainly from Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. To date, many tracksites are known from Bolivia, most studied during the past century. From the Jurassic-Cretaceous La Puerta Formation of the Tunasniyoj locality (Incapampa-Icla syncline) thyreophoran trackways have previously been described. New geological studies related with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province in Bolivia recognised the track-bearing unit as the Ipaguazú Formation, dated as Late Triassic in age. In this significantly new context, we present here a new track-bearing locality: Ruditayoj, neighbour to Tunasniyoj, near Icla, Chuquisaca, Bolivia. A detailed study of the trackways from this new site allowed new interpretations consistent with the geological context. Hundreds of <i>Brachychirotherium</i> trackways are present at the site with a wide diversity of preservational types. Behavioural issues such as gregariousness and grouping around ponds are suggested. Trackway parameters, track size and shape support large ‘rauisuchid’ or aetosaur pseudosuchian producers. Previous assignations to thyreophoran producers are discussed. This is the first record of <i>Brachychirotherium</i> from Bolivia, filling the lack of information about suchian fossils, well known in other South American sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13136015.v1
title: The Ruditayoj-Tunasniyoj fossil area (Chuquisaca, Bolivia): a Triassic chirotheriid megatracksite and reinterpretation of purported thyreophoran tracks

description: The South American tetrapod track record is highly diverse and well known mainly from Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile and Peru. To date, many tracksites are known from Bolivia, most studied during the past century. From the Jurassic-Cretaceous La Puerta Formation of the Tunasniyoj locality (Incapampa-Icla syncline) thyreophoran trackways have previously been described. New geological studies related with the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province in Bolivia recognised the track-bearing unit as the Ipaguazú Formation, dated as Late Triassic in age. In this significantly new context, we present here a new track-bearing locality: Ruditayoj, neighbour to Tunasniyoj, near Icla, Chuquisaca, Bolivia. A detailed study of the trackways from this new site allowed new interpretations consistent with the geological context. Hundreds of <i>Brachychirotherium</i> trackways are present at the site with a wide diversity of preservational types. Behavioural issues such as gregariousness and grouping around ponds are suggested. Trackway parameters, track size and shape support large ‘rauisuchid’ or aetosaur pseudosuchian producers. Previous assignations to thyreophoran producers are discussed. This is the first record of <i>Brachychirotherium</i> from Bolivia, filling the lack of information about suchian fossils, well known in other South American sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13317472
title: First reliable records of the genus <i>Chersine</i> (Testudines: Testudinidae) from the Pliocene of Moldova

description: The shell remains of tortoises of the genus <i>Chersine</i> (= <i>Eurotestudo</i>) are described from the early Pliocene of the Musait and Colibasi localities of Moldova. The incomplete shell from the Musait locality is assigned to a new species, <i>Chersine khosatzkyi</i> sp. nov., which can be distinguished from all other species of <i>Chersine</i> by relatively wide posterior lobe of the plastron with nearly parallel lateral borders and presence of additional suprapygal. An isolated pygal from the Colibasi locality is attributed to <i>Chersine</i> sp. <i>Chersine</i> from the Musait and Colibasi localities represent first reliable records of <i>Chersine</i> in Moldova and the easternmost records of <i>Chersine</i> (the second one outside the Mediterranean region). In addition, these finds are among the oldest fossil records of the genus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13077269
title: The effects of prey size on carnivore tooth mark morphologies on bone; the case study of Canis lupus signatus

description: Carnivore feeding behaviour is a valuable line of research of increasing value in taphonomic analyses. An interesting component of these studies lies in the differentiation of carnivore activity based on tooth marks left on bone. Among the methodological approaches available, a major protagonist in recent years has been the incorporation of hybrid geometric morphometric studies with artificially intelligent algorithms, reaching over 95% accuracy in some cases. In spite of this recent success, a number of methodological questions are still to be answered for wide scale application of these techniques into other applied fields of science. One of these questions lies in the possible variability induced by prey size on tooth mark morphologies. Here we compile data regarding these effects, using the Iberian wolf as a relevant case study in both contemporary and prehistoric European and North American ecology. The methodology employed opens new questions regarding carnivore tooth marks that should consider the effects of mastication biomechanics. While in most cases prey size is not a significant conditioning factor, caution is advised for future experimentation when considering small prey where some statistical noise may be present. Nevertheless, future experimentation into other carnivore case studies can be considered a valuable research goal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13077269.v1
title: The effects of prey size on carnivore tooth mark morphologies on bone; the case study of Canis lupus signatus

description: Carnivore feeding behaviour is a valuable line of research of increasing value in taphonomic analyses. An interesting component of these studies lies in the differentiation of carnivore activity based on tooth marks left on bone. Among the methodological approaches available, a major protagonist in recent years has been the incorporation of hybrid geometric morphometric studies with artificially intelligent algorithms, reaching over 95% accuracy in some cases. In spite of this recent success, a number of methodological questions are still to be answered for wide scale application of these techniques into other applied fields of science. One of these questions lies in the possible variability induced by prey size on tooth mark morphologies. Here we compile data regarding these effects, using the Iberian wolf as a relevant case study in both contemporary and prehistoric European and North American ecology. The methodology employed opens new questions regarding carnivore tooth marks that should consider the effects of mastication biomechanics. While in most cases prey size is not a significant conditioning factor, caution is advised for future experimentation when considering small prey where some statistical noise may be present. Nevertheless, future experimentation into other carnivore case studies can be considered a valuable research goal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13144936
title: First cancer in an extinct Quaternary non-human mammal

description: Here we report a parosteal osteosarcoma, a malignant bone neoplasm, in a right femur assigned to the Quaternary ground sloth <i>Nothrotherium maquinense</i>. The specimen was collected at Lapa dos Peixes I, a cave located at Serra do Ramalho plateau, Bahia, Brazil. The diagnosis was based on the macroscopic, radiologic and histologic appearance of the lesion. The presence of this pathology may indicate that the individual suffered from local pain, localised swelling and limitation of joint movement, which would have been extremely harmful for its life. Even though neoplasms are recognised in almost all metazoans, this is the first case of cancer reported for a Quaternary non-human mammal and appears to be the first report of this specific form of bone cancer in the fossil record.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13144936.v1
title: First cancer in an extinct Quaternary non-human mammal

description: Here we report a parosteal osteosarcoma, a malignant bone neoplasm, in a right femur assigned to the Quaternary ground sloth <i>Nothrotherium maquinense</i>. The specimen was collected at Lapa dos Peixes I, a cave located at Serra do Ramalho plateau, Bahia, Brazil. The diagnosis was based on the macroscopic, radiologic and histologic appearance of the lesion. The presence of this pathology may indicate that the individual suffered from local pain, localised swelling and limitation of joint movement, which would have been extremely harmful for its life. Even though neoplasms are recognised in almost all metazoans, this is the first case of cancer reported for a Quaternary non-human mammal and appears to be the first report of this specific form of bone cancer in the fossil record.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13317472.v1
title: First reliable records of the genus <i>Chersine</i> (Testudines: Testudinidae) from the Pliocene of Moldova

description: The shell remains of tortoises of the genus <i>Chersine</i> (= <i>Eurotestudo</i>) are described from the early Pliocene of the Musait and Colibasi localities of Moldova. The incomplete shell from the Musait locality is assigned to a new species, <i>Chersine khosatzkyi</i> sp. nov., which can be distinguished from all other species of <i>Chersine</i> by relatively wide posterior lobe of the plastron with nearly parallel lateral borders and presence of additional suprapygal. An isolated pygal from the Colibasi locality is attributed to <i>Chersine</i> sp. <i>Chersine</i> from the Musait and Colibasi localities represent first reliable records of <i>Chersine</i> in Moldova and the easternmost records of <i>Chersine</i> (the second one outside the Mediterranean region). In addition, these finds are among the oldest fossil records of the genus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13220743
title: At the southern fringe: extant and fossil water voles of the genus <i>Arvicola</i> (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Arvicolinae) from Israel, with the description of a new species

description: The (palaeo)biogeography of water voles is a puzzle that is not solved in detail yet. Extant species of the genus <i>Arvicola</i> cover a vast geographic area of the Palearctic. In this study, we collected morphometric data of extant and fossil <i>Arvicola</i> from Israel at the southern fringe of the water vole distribution area. The dental evolution of water voles is characterised by certain clear trends in the first lower molar (m1) related to crown height, tooth length, the proportion of the anteroconid-complex, and enamel differentiation. Trans-regional correlation of the latter trend shows that it did not develop completely synchronously in all the geographic areas of water voles’ distribution, i.e., not at the same evolutionary rate. Based on the size and geographic distribution, we tentatively consider the Israeli material to belong to an <i>A. persicus</i> group, which facilitates the possibility of future taxonomic subdivision. Among the Israeli material, Late Pleistocene remains from Nahal Mahanayeem Outlet (NMO) show a very particular morphology of the first lower molar compared to samples from other localities in Israel and western Asia, which – in our opinion – justifies the establishment of a new species <i>Arvicola nahalensis</i> n. sp.