cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123659
title: Supplementary Material for: Internet-Based Psychodynamic versus Cognitive Behavioral Guided Self-Help for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Guided Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) has been tested in many trials and found to be effective in the treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has also been treated with ICBT, but there are no controlled trials on guided Internet-based psychodynamic treatment (IPDT). Since there is preliminary support for psychodynamic treatment for GAD, we decided to test if a psychodynamically informed self-help treatment could be delivered via the Internet. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of IPDT for GAD and to compare against ICBT and a waiting list control group. <b><i>Method:</i></b> A randomized controlled superiority trial with individuals diagnosed with GAD comparing guided ICBT (n = 27) and IPDT (n = 27) against a no treatment waiting list control group (n = 27). The primary outcome measure was the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. <b><i>Results:</i></b> While there were no significant between-group differences immediately after treatment on the main outcome measure, both IPDT and ICBT resulted in improvements with moderate to large within-group effect sizes at 3 and 18 months follow-up on the primary measure in the completer analyses. The differences against the control group, although smaller, were still significant for both PDT and CBT when conforming to the criteria of clinically significant improvement. The active treatments did not differ significantly. There was a significant group by time interaction regarding GAD symptoms, but not immediately after treatment. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> IPDT and ICBT both led to modest symptom reduction in GAD, and more research is needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123668.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Yamaguchi Facial Expression-Making Task in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Novel and Enjoyable Make-a-Face Game

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> To assess the ability to make emotional facial expressions, we newly developed the Yamaguchi facial expression-making task (Y-FEMT). <b><i>Method:</i></b> We recruited 20 normal controls and 61 outpatients: 10 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), 34 with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and 17 with moderate AD. In the Y-FEMT, smile and anger expressions were made by arranging face parts. We examined the relationship between each Y-FEMT score and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score or overlapping figure identification test (Fig-test). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The Total score (0–20) was nearly achieved in controls (18.9 ± 1.4) and declined with AD progression (aMCI 17.2 ± 2.4, mild AD 15.7 ± 2.6, moderate AD 12.3 ± 2.7). The Anger score (0–10) was significantly lower than the Smile score (0–10) in mild and moderate AD (p = 0.007 and p = 0.006, respectively). The Structure score (0–6 each) correlated well with both the MMSE score (r = 0.44, p &lt; 0.001) and Fig-test (r = 0.45, p &lt; 0.001), whereas the Expression score (0–4 each) correlated only with the MMSE score (r = 0.33, p = 0.01). The Subjective scores (0–4), evaluated by 10 therapists, highly correlated with the Total score. Additionally, the Y-FEMT promoted laughter and a convivial atmosphere. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The Y-FEMT pleasantly assessed the ability to make emotional facial expressions without special equipment. Furthermore, the Y-FEMT may provide helpful clues for caregivers to achieve good communication with AD patients for better care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123656.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Mood and the Menstrual Cycle

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Premenstrual mood symptoms are considered common in women, but such prevailing attitudes are shaped by social expectations about gender, emotionality and hormonal influences. There are few prospective, community studies of women reporting mood data from all phases of the menstrual cycle (MC). We aimed (i) to analyze daily mood data over 6 months for MC phase cyclicity and (ii) to compare MC phase influences on a woman’s daily mood with that attributable to key alternate explanatory variables (physical health, perceived stress and social support). <b><i>Method:</i></b> A random sample of Canadian women aged 18–40 years collected mood and health data daily over 6 months, using telemetry, producing 395 complete MCs for analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Only half the individual mood items showed any MC phase association; these links were either with the menses phase alone or the menses plus the premenstrual phase. With one exception, the association was not solely premenstrual. The menses-follicular-luteal MC division gave similar results. Less than 0.5% of the women’s individual periodogram records for each mood item showed MC entrainment. Physical health, perceived stress and social support were much stronger predictors of mood (p &lt; 0.0001 in each case) than MC phase. <b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>The results of this study do not support the widespread idea of specific premenstrual dysphoria in women. Daily physical health status, perceived stress and social support explain daily mood better than MC phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123662.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Evolutionary Molecular Cytogenetics of Catarrhine Primates: Past, Present and Future

description: The catarrhine primates were the first group of species studied with comparative molecular cytogenetics. Many of the fundamental techniques and principles of analysis were initially applied to comparisons in these primates, including interspecific chromosome painting, reciprocal chromosome painting and the extensive use of cloned DNA probes for evolutionary analysis. The definition and importance of chromosome syntenies and associations for a correct cladistics analysis of phylogenomic relationships were first applied to catarrhines. These early chromosome painting studies vividly illustrated a striking conservation of the genome between humans and macaques. Contemporarily, it also revealed profound differences between humans and gibbons, a group of species more closely related to humans, making it clear that chromosome evolution did not follow a molecular clock. Chromosome painting has now been applied to more that 60 primate species and the translocation history has been mapped onto the major taxonomic divisions in the tree of primate evolution. In situ hybridization of cloned DNA probes, primarily BAC-FISH, also made it possible to more precisely map breakpoints with spanning and flanking BACs. These studies established marker order and disclosed intrachromosomal rearrangements. When applied comparatively to a range of primate species, they led to the discovery of evolutionary new centromeres as an important new category of chromosome evolution. BAC-FISH studies are intimately connected to genome sequencing, and probes can usually be assigned to a precise location in the genome assembly. This connection ties molecular cytogenetics securely to genome sequencing, assuring that molecular cytogenetics will continue to have a productive future in the multidisciplinary science of phylogenomics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123650
title: Supplementary Material for: Modelling and Prediction of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Norwegian Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are suggested to influence the susceptibility and risk of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). Seasonal fluctuation of 25(OH)D levels may differ in magnitude between individuals. The purpose of this paper was to model the seasonal fluctuation of vitamin D in Norwegian MS patients and to examine to which extent one single 25(OH)D measurement predicts the level at other time points throughout the year. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> During December 2004 and July 2008, 762 serum samples were collected from 92 Norwegian relapsing-remitting MS patients. Time series analysis and multivariate modelling techniques were used to model seasonal fluctuations and intra- and inter-individual variations in 25(OH)D values. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Most patients reached their lowest 25(OH)D level in March/April and the highest in July/August. There were substantial intra-individual variations in the extent of seasonal fluctuation, with 36.6% of explainable variation in seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D levels (on a logarithmic scale) attributable to the patient level. The remaining 63.4% could be accounted for by sources of inter-individual variation. Both the total and inter-individual variabilities were lowest in February, and the prediction interval in this month was up to 26% narrower compared to other months. The prediction intervals would be at least 21% wider with only one observation available per patient. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The seasonal fluctuations of 25(OH)D levels in Norwegian relapsing-remitting MS patients are subject to pronounced intra- and inter-individual variation. The most representative measurements of 25(OH)D levels are taken in February.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123659.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Internet-Based Psychodynamic versus Cognitive Behavioral Guided Self-Help for Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Guided Internet-based cognitive behavior therapy (ICBT) has been tested in many trials and found to be effective in the treatment of anxiety and mood disorders. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has also been treated with ICBT, but there are no controlled trials on guided Internet-based psychodynamic treatment (IPDT). Since there is preliminary support for psychodynamic treatment for GAD, we decided to test if a psychodynamically informed self-help treatment could be delivered via the Internet. The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of IPDT for GAD and to compare against ICBT and a waiting list control group. <b><i>Method:</i></b> A randomized controlled superiority trial with individuals diagnosed with GAD comparing guided ICBT (n = 27) and IPDT (n = 27) against a no treatment waiting list control group (n = 27). The primary outcome measure was the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. <b><i>Results:</i></b> While there were no significant between-group differences immediately after treatment on the main outcome measure, both IPDT and ICBT resulted in improvements with moderate to large within-group effect sizes at 3 and 18 months follow-up on the primary measure in the completer analyses. The differences against the control group, although smaller, were still significant for both PDT and CBT when conforming to the criteria of clinically significant improvement. The active treatments did not differ significantly. There was a significant group by time interaction regarding GAD symptoms, but not immediately after treatment. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> IPDT and ICBT both led to modest symptom reduction in GAD, and more research is needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123641
title: Supplementary Material for: Cathepsin G Inhibitor Prevents Ultraviolet B- Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice via Inhibition of Fibronectin Fragmentation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Cathepsin G, a serine protease that is activated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, increases matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression in fibroblasts through fibronectin (Fn) fragmentation and promotes the conversion of proMMP-1 to active MMP-1. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study investigated whether [2-[3-[[(1-benzoyl-4-piperidinyl)methylamino]carbonyl]-2-naphthalenyl]-1-(1-naphthalenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-phosphonic acid (KPA), a cathepsin G inhibitor, plays any role in extracellular matrix (ECM) damage in an in vitro 3D dermal equivalent (DE) and an in vivo ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated hairless mice. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We examined the potential ECM-protective effects of a cathepsin G inhibitor in an in vitro 3D DE model and an in vivo UVB-irradiated hairless mouse skin model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among five known serine protease inhibitors, KPA showed the strongest potency and selectivity against cathepsin G. KPA inhibited the cathepsin G-mediated MMP-1 increase and alleviated the downregulation of mRNAs encoding collagen and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in an in vitro 3D DE model. Most importantly, topical application of KPA (0.025%) to the dorsal skin of hairless mice enhanced collagen expression and attenuated UVB-induced Fn fragmentation and upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Cathepsin G inhibitors may be useful for the prevention of UVB-induced photoaging through amelioration of ECM damage and MMP upregulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123647
title: Supplementary Material for: Raising Doubts about the Pathogenicity of Mitochondrial DNA Mutation m.3308T&gt;C in Left Ventricular Hypertraveculation/Noncompaction

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123650.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Modelling and Prediction of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels in Norwegian Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Patients

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are suggested to influence the susceptibility and risk of disease progression in multiple sclerosis (MS). Seasonal fluctuation of 25(OH)D levels may differ in magnitude between individuals. The purpose of this paper was to model the seasonal fluctuation of vitamin D in Norwegian MS patients and to examine to which extent one single 25(OH)D measurement predicts the level at other time points throughout the year. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> During December 2004 and July 2008, 762 serum samples were collected from 92 Norwegian relapsing-remitting MS patients. Time series analysis and multivariate modelling techniques were used to model seasonal fluctuations and intra- and inter-individual variations in 25(OH)D values. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Most patients reached their lowest 25(OH)D level in March/April and the highest in July/August. There were substantial intra-individual variations in the extent of seasonal fluctuation, with 36.6% of explainable variation in seasonally adjusted 25(OH)D levels (on a logarithmic scale) attributable to the patient level. The remaining 63.4% could be accounted for by sources of inter-individual variation. Both the total and inter-individual variabilities were lowest in February, and the prediction interval in this month was up to 26% narrower compared to other months. The prediction intervals would be at least 21% wider with only one observation available per patient. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The seasonal fluctuations of 25(OH)D levels in Norwegian relapsing-remitting MS patients are subject to pronounced intra- and inter-individual variation. The most representative measurements of 25(OH)D levels are taken in February.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123653.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Combining Structural Brain Changes Improves the Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>Several structural brain changes have been associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study investigated the prediction of AD by combining multiple brain changes with the hallmark medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA). <b><i>Methods: </i></b>High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of people with mild AD (n = 39), mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 82), and of healthy controls (HC; n = 58) were obtained at baseline. Among these people, 26 AD, 53 MCI, and 46 HC subjects had 24-month follow-up MRI scans. Bilateral MTA was evaluated using a medial temporal lobe atrophy scale (MTAS). Common changes in the aging brain were summarized using a brain atrophy and lesion index (BALI). The performance of the MTAS, BALI, and a score combining both, using a logistic regression model, were assessed. <b><i>Results: </i></b>The MTAS and BALI scores were closely correlated (r<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.56); each differed between the diagnostic groups. Having an unfavorable MTAS score was associated with an increased risk of MCI-AD conversion (OR = 3.71, p = 0.039), adjusted for age, sex, and education; having an unfavorable BALI score marginally contributed to such risks (OR = 4.08, p = 0.080). Combining MTAS and BALI components resulted in a greater OR (8.99, p = 0.007) and an improved predictive accuracy (75.9%, p = 0.002). <b><i>Conclusion: </i></b>Multiple structural changes have an additive effect on AD. The data support potential future roles of combining multiple coexisting structural changes to benefit AD diagnosis, progression monitoring, and/or treatment effect evaluation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123635
title: Supplementary Material for: One-Year Change in Kidney Function Is Associated with an Increased Mortality Risk

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Serum creatinine is routinely measured to estimate glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Long-term cohort studies report that death is a likelier outcome than progression to kidney failure. However, it is unclear how short-term changes in estimated GFR (eGFR) over a 1-year period relate to subsequent mortality risk. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using a provincial laboratory registry from Alberta, Canada, we identified 598,397 adults who had ≥2 outpatient eGFR measurements at least 6 months apart during a 1-year accrual period. Change in kidney function was categorized by both changes in eGFR category and percent change ≥25% into 5 groups: certain drop, uncertain drop, stable (no change in CKD category), uncertain rise, and certain rise. Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for baseline covariates, kidney function, and proteinuria were used to estimate the risk of all-cause mortality associated with each group change in kidney function in reference to stable kidney function. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the study participants, 447,570 (74.8%) had stable kidney function, 19,591 (3.3%) had a certain drop, and 22,171 (3.7%) had a certain rise in kidney function. Participants with change in kidney function (both drop and rise) were older, more likely to be female, and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities in comparison to those with stable kidney function. There were 51,473 (8.6%) deaths during a median follow-up of 3.5 years. Compared to participants with stable kidney function, those with a certain drop had an almost twofold increased mortality risk (hazard ratio 1.89, 95% CI 1.83–1.95) adjusted for baseline eGFR, proteinuria, and covariates. Participants with a certain rise (3.7%) in kidney function also experienced an increased mortality risk (hazard ratio 1.51, 95% CI 1.46–1.56) compared to those with stable kidney function. Risk of death was similarly increased with adjustment for eGFR at the last visit. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Change in kidney function of ≥25% in any direction over a 1-year period is associated with a substantially increased risk of mortality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123638
title: Supplementary Material for: Novel Pathways in the Pathobiology of Human Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a dilatation of the infrarenal aorta, typically affects males &gt;65 years. The pathobiological mechanisms of human AAA are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to identify novel pathways involved in the development of AAAs. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A custom-designed ‘AAA-chip’ was used to assay 43 of the differentially expressed genes identified in a previously published microarray study between AAA (n = 15) and control (n = 15) infrarenal abdominal aorta. Protein analyses were performed on selected genes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Altogether 38 of the 43 genes on the ‘AAA-chip’ showed significantly different expression. Novel validated genes in AAA pathobiology included <i>ADCY7, ARL4C, BLNK, FOSB, GATM, LYZ, MFGE8, PRUNE2, PTPRC, SMTN, TMODI </i>and<i> TPM2</i>. These genes represent a wide range of biological functions, such as calcium signaling, development and differentiation, as well as cell adhesion not previously implicated in AAA pathobiology. Protein analyses for GATM, CD4, CXCR4, BLNK, PLEK, LYZ, FOSB, DUSP6, ITGA5 and PTPRC confirmed the mRNA findings. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The results provide new directions for future research into AAA pathogenesis to study the role of novel genes confirmed here. New treatments and diagnostic tools for AAA could potentially be identified by studying these novel pathways.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123632
title: Supplementary Material for: New First-Trimester Crown-Rump Length Equations from a French General Population

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The purpose of this study was to obtain precise knowledge of fetal biometric measurements, in particular crown-rump length (CRL). Our results have been carefully compared to equations found in the literature. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Single-operator measurements of 2,123 spontaneous pregnancies from a general French population provided new statistical relationships between fetal age (FA) and CRL. Comparisons were made with measurements obtained from 402 in vitro fertilizations (IVFs) for which FA were known. Heteroskedastic and robust regressions were compared by cross-validation, and prediction errors were studied. All ultrasound measurements were taken during standard follow-ups of pregnancies, without any additional features. <b><i>Results:</i></b> From a cleaned subsample of 513 spontaneous pregnancies, we reported good modeling of first-term embryonic growth, with equations and predictions of standard deviations agreeing with objective datations for IVFs. Most precise CRL measurements were predicted for FA of 49 days. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> Our results allow future detection of fetal growth abnormalities using Z-scores throughout the first trimester.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123641.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Cathepsin G Inhibitor Prevents Ultraviolet B- Induced Photoaging in Hairless Mice via Inhibition of Fibronectin Fragmentation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Cathepsin G, a serine protease that is activated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, increases matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) expression in fibroblasts through fibronectin (Fn) fragmentation and promotes the conversion of proMMP-1 to active MMP-1. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study investigated whether [2-[3-[[(1-benzoyl-4-piperidinyl)methylamino]carbonyl]-2-naphthalenyl]-1-(1-naphthalenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-phosphonic acid (KPA), a cathepsin G inhibitor, plays any role in extracellular matrix (ECM) damage in an in vitro 3D dermal equivalent (DE) and an in vivo ultraviolet B (UVB)-irradiated hairless mice. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We examined the potential ECM-protective effects of a cathepsin G inhibitor in an in vitro 3D DE model and an in vivo UVB-irradiated hairless mouse skin model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among five known serine protease inhibitors, KPA showed the strongest potency and selectivity against cathepsin G. KPA inhibited the cathepsin G-mediated MMP-1 increase and alleviated the downregulation of mRNAs encoding collagen and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in an in vitro 3D DE model. Most importantly, topical application of KPA (0.025%) to the dorsal skin of hairless mice enhanced collagen expression and attenuated UVB-induced Fn fragmentation and upregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Cathepsin G inhibitors may be useful for the prevention of UVB-induced photoaging through amelioration of ECM damage and MMP upregulation.