cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18739/a2kp7tt2n
title: Mean Annual Temperature, Methane, Total Air Content, Delta 15N-N2, and Delta Age from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2), North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM), and North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) ice cores, 0-18 thousand years before present

description: We present new measurements of methane (CH4), nitrogen isotopes (d15N-N2), and total air content (TAC) from the North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling (NEEM), North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP), and Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2) Greenland ice cores from the Last Glacial Maximum through the late Holocene (0 to ~18 thousand years before present [ka BP]). These records provide insight into spatial pattern of Greenland climate evolution across the deglaciation and the Holocene Thermal Maximum. The methane data allow for gas-phase synchronization of ice cores across Greenland and Antarctica, providing empirical delta age reconstructions. The nitrogen isotopic composition data allow for reconstruction of abrupt Greenland surface climate variations, which is provided for all 3 sites. Data are a combination of measurements conducted at Oregon State University, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and the National Institute for Polar Research using previously established techniques.
DOI: 10.18739/a2kp7tt34
title: Permafrost thaw slumps and postglacial canyon incision in the Aklavik Range, Richardson Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada, 2023

description: This dataset describes observations of permafrost thaw slumps and postglacial canyon incision in the Aklavik Range of the Richardson Mountains (Northwest Territories, Canada) which are used in the paper "Getraer, A., Nordin, B.J., Strauss, J.V., Palucis, M.C., Postglacial canyon incision primes ice-cored hillslopes for thaw slumping in the western Canadian Arctic, in review (2025)." The dataset contains mapped thaw slumps in the Willow River catchment, surficial geology features covering the study area, ArcticDEM elevation data, and the MATLAB code used to analyze these data and produce figures from the publication. This dataset includes 217 mapped thaw slump landforms within the Willow River catchment from the 1.2 meter (m) resolution ESRI World Imagery Wayback archive (2023-01-11), and postglacial bedrock canyons and alluvial deposits within the study area mapped from the 2 m resolution ArcticDEM Mosaic 4.1 digital elevation model (2023-08-07), both mapped at 1:1000 scale or better. Other units include bedrock/colluvium, glacial till, and outwash, mapped at ~1:10,000 scale.
DOI: 10.18739/a2ks6j64w
title: Comprehensive baseline inventory of Alaskan buildings and roads detected from 0.5 meter resolution satellite imagery (2018-2023) of communities and supplemented by OpenStreetMap

description: This dataset is a comprehensive inventory of Alaskan buildings, storage tanks, and roads that were: (1) detected from 0.5 meter resolution satellite imagery of communities (acquired between 2018-2023) and (2) supplemented by OpenStreetMap data. We created HABITAT (High-resolution Arctic Built Infrastructure and Terrain Analysis Tool), a deep learning-based, high-performance computing-enabled mapping pipeline to automatically detect buildings and roads from high-resolution Maxar satellite imagery across the Arctic region. Shapefiles beginning with "HABITAT_AK" contain only the post-processed deep learning predictions. Shapefiles beginning with "HABITAT_OSM" contain the post-processed deep learning predictions supplemented by OpenStreetMap data.
 The HABITAT pipeline is based on a ResNet50-UNet++ semantic segmentation architecture trained on a training dataset comprised of building and road footprint polygons manually digitized from Maxar satellite imagery across the circumpolar Arctic (including Alaska, Russia, and Canada). The code is made available at https://github.com/PermafrostDiscoveryGateway/HABITAT. From imagery of 285 Alaskan communities acquired between 2018-2023, we detected approximately 250,000 buildings and storage tanks (comprising a 41.76 million square meter footprint) and 15 million meters of road. Building (including storage tanks) footprint polygons and road centerlines were strictly mapped within the boundaries of Alaskan communities (both incorporated places and census designated places). After the deep learning model detected building and road footprints, post-processing was performed to smooth out building footprints, extract centerlines from road footprints, and remove falsely-detected infrastructure. In particular, a buffer is created around developed land cover identified by the 2016 Alaska National Land Cover Database map, and model predictions that fall outside of the buffer are assumed to be confused with non-infrastructure land cover. 
 Finally, we selected buildings and roads from the OpenStreetMap Alaska dataset (downloaded in June 2024 from https://download.geofabrik.de/) that do not intersect with any deep learning predictions to generate a merged OSM and HABITAT infrastructure dataset. This merged product comprises a total building footprint of 53 million square meters and a road network of 63,744 km across the state of Alaska.
DOI: 10.18739/a2m03z02f
title: Wetland plant functional trait responses to experimental warming, flooding, and herbivory, Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (Western Alaska, USA) (2022-2023)

description: This dataset was created to understand plant trait responses to warming, flooding, and herbivory in the Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) Delta (western Alaska, USA). We conducted a one-year field mesocosm experiment in which we passively increased temperatures, simulated periodic tidal flooding at two intensity levels (low and high), and applied three components of goose herbivory (grazing, feces addition, and trampling) during the summer growing season. Our treatments reflect changes expected in the Y-K Delta in the next 10-20 years. We conducted the experiment in three community types: a wet sedge-shrub meadow, a tundra, and a transitional wet community between the meadow and tundra, and only sampled the dominant species in these communities. At the end of the season, we harvested height, leaf area, specific leaf area, and leaf dry matter content from randomly selected individuals.
DOI: 10.18739/a2m32nc29
title: eXpendable Conductivity Temperature Depth (XCTD) profiles of temperature and salinity from Sermilik Fjord during August 2016

description: Sixteen temperature and salinity profiles from Sermilik Fjord and shelf region in Southeast Greenland. The profiles were collected using Sippican XCTD-1 eXpendable Conductivity Temperature Depth (XCTD) probes hand deployed from a helicopter (Profile #1 - 10) and from a small fishing vessel (Profile #11 - 16). The profiles were collected between August 9 and 11 2013 in the plume, ice mélange, main fjord branch, and shelf regions of the Helheim Glacier and Sermilik Fjord system. The profiles were manually examined, quality controlled, and are provided as 2-meter (m) depth bin averaged profiles. These data were collected as part of a long-term project to monitor Sermilik Fjord to determine what water masses flow into and out of the fjord; in particular, if warm, Atlantic water from the Irminger Sea penetrates into the fjord and how freshwater from ice melt is diluted and transported out of the fjord. Observations have been collected in the fjord since 2008.
DOI: 10.18739/a2m90251d
title: Multibeam bathymetry data (from 2021-2022) and bathymetry difference data (from 2021 and 2022 compared to the 1950s) from Harrison Bay, Alaska

description: This dataset contains ascii text files of latitude, longitude, and water depth data which were collected using a pole-mounted multibeam echosounder system from the R/V Ukpik in July-August, 2021. Dr. Emily Eidam was the team lead and Dan Duncan was the multibeam operator.
 The data were collected along discrete tracklines across Harrison Bay. The general study was seaward of the Colville Delta between Cape Halkett to the west and Oliktok Point to the east, with a maximum seaward extent to water depths of approximately 30 meters (m) (about half to three-quarters of the way across the shelf from the shoreline).
 The dataset also contains a netcdf file of bathymetric change which was computed as the difference between the combined 2021 and 2022 data contained in this archive and a 1950s dataset which was recently corrected and is publicly available through Zimmerman et al., 2022 (doi.org/10.1016/j.csr.2022.104745).
 The multibeam data provide information about a rich diversity of seabed features including large and small ice-keel scours, sand waves, strudel scour pits, and unusual scoured substrates. A detailed description of these datasets is provided in an in-preparation manuscript (Eidam et al., Seafloor sediments and morphologic features of Harrison Bay in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea).
 The bathymetric change data illustrates erosion of the inner and inner-middle shelf over the past ~70 years, including erosion of up to ~3 m near Cape Halkett and on the Colville Delta front. These changes are addressed in detail in Heath, 2024 (Oregon State University Master of Science Thesis, "Sedimentation and Erosion on an Arctic Continental Shelf: Harrison Bay and Colville River Delta, Alaska").
DOI: 10.18739/a2mc8rj1b
title: CAMS global biomass burning emissions based on fire radiative power (GFAS)

description: Emissions of atmospheric pollutants from biomass burning and vegetation fires are key drivers of the evolution of atmospheric composition, with a high degree of spatial and temporal variability, and an accurate representation of them in models is essential.
 The CAMS Global Fire Assimilation System (GFAS) utilises satellite observations of fire radiative power (FRP) to provide near-real-time information on the location, relative intensity and estimated emissions from biomass burning and vegetation fires. Emissions are estimated by (i) conversion of FRP observations to the dry matter (DM) consumed by the fire, and (ii) application of emission factors to DM for different biomes, based on field and laboratory studies in the scientific literature, to estimate the emissions. Emissions estimates for 40 pyrogenic species are available from GFAS, including aerosols, reactive gases and greenhouse gases, on a regular grid with a spatial resolution of 0.1 degrees longitude by 0.1 degrees latitude.
DOI: 10.18739/a2mc8rj2t
title: Nitrogen uptake measurements during a summer 2022 Alexandrium catenella bloom in the Alaskan Arctic (NRS2022_02S)

description: In the rapidly changing Arctic ecosystem, the recent emergence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) threatens human and ecosystem health. There is increasing evidence that toxic dinoflagellates of the Alexandrium genus are blooming in the Pacific Arctic Ocean, in dense enough concentrations to necessitate shellfishing closures and to detect toxins in marine mammals that forge in Alaskan waters. Our understanding of the nutrient dynamics that sustain HABs in the Pacific Arctic is severely limited, particularly as these blooms tend to occur in late summer when dissolved inorganic nitrogen is drawn down and limits phytoplankton growth. Dissolved organic nitrogen could prove a critical nitrogen source for HABs in the Pacific Arctic, as it has in other regions.
 This dataset presents measurements taken on Leg 2 of a research cruise (NRS2022_02S) on the Research Vessel (R/V) Norseman II in Aug-Sep 2022 to characterize the nutrient usage by A. catenella. It includes the nutrients (silicate, phosophate, total dissolved nitrogen, and four dissolved nitrogen substrates), particulate organic carbon and nitrogen, and chlorophyll concentrations; phytoplankton community composition; uptake rates; and nitrogen relative preference indices associated with13 incubation experiments in which we used stable isotope tracers to measure nitrogen uptake by the surface biological community. Tracer were 15N-nitrate, 15N-ammonium, 13C15N-urea, and 13C15N-dissolved free amino acids. We also include the salinity and temperature measurements from CTD-mounted sensors for water collection from Niskin bottles for each incubation set up.
 Other associated datasets include:
 Leah McRaven & Robert Pickart. (2024). Conductivity Temperature Depth (CTD) data from the Norseman II (NRS22-1s and NRS22-2s), as part of the 2022 Origin and Fate of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Warming Chukchi Sea cruise. Arctic Data Center. doi:10.18739/A2B853K56.
 Evangeline Fachon, Donald M Anderson, Mrunmayee Pathare, Michael Brosnahan, Eric Muhlbach, Kali Horn, Nathaniel Spada, & Anushka Rajagopalan. (2024). Alexandrium catenella planktonic cell abundance and toxicity from the Norseman II (NRS2022_01S and NRS2022_02S), as part of the 2022 Origin and Fate of Harmful Algal Blooms in the Warming Chukchi Sea cruise. Arctic Data Center. doi:10.18739/A2804XM7S.
 Miguel Goni & Dean Stockwell. (2024). Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD) Bottle Data from the Norseman II cruises (NRS2022_01S and NRS2022_02S) including Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) Particulate Nitrogen (PN), Chlorophyll (Chl), Phaeophytin (Phaeo), and dissolved nutrients (Nitrate, Nitrite, Phosphate, Silicate, and Ammonium) (2022). Arctic Data Center. doi:10.18739/A2M90249T.
DOI: 10.18739/a2mg7fx73
title: Natural ice-rich permafrost observatory, Prudhoe Bay, Alaska: 2022 field activities

description: The Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) Track 1 project "Landscape evolution and adapting to change in ice-rich permafrost systems (NNA-IRPS)" is investigating how climate change and infrastructure affect ice-rich permafrost systems (IRPS), the roles ecosystems play in the development and degradation of ice-rich permafrost (IRP), and how people and infrastructure can adapt to changes in IRPS. NNA-IRPS research at the Prudhoe Bay Oilfield (PBO), Alaska, is focused on (1) how differences in vegetation, soils, water, and time influence the accumulation and degradation of ground ice in IRP landscapes; and (2) how the loss of ground ice can radically change these landscapes, their components, and the infrastructure built on them. This data report covers data and preliminary analysis from the 2022 field seasons at Prudhoe Bay research sites, including descriptions of the study areas, summaries of research methods and results, and a summary of accomplishments and future directions. Descriptions of the field studies are divided into seven subsections: (1) vegetation studies including aboveground biomass and bryophyte diversity; (2) snow depth survey; (3) soil temperature along the soil moisture gradient; (4) thaw depths, water depths, and vegetation heights; (5) greenhouse gas fluxes; (6) permafrost monitoring and electrical resistivity tomography; and (7) remote-sensing activities. Data tables are grouped into appendices in this portable document format (PDF) volume and are also archived as separate datasets in the Arctic Data Center.
DOI: 10.18739/a2mk6599b
title: European Space Administration Snow Climate Change Initiative (Snow_cci): Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) level 3C daily global climate research data package (CRDP) (1979 – 2020), version 2.0

description: This dataset contains v2.0 of the Daily Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) product from the European Space Administration (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) Snow project, at 0.1 degree resolution.
 Snow water equivalent (SWE) indicates the amount of accumulated snow on land surfaces, in other words the amount of water contained within the snowpack. The SWE product time series covers the period from 1979/01 to 2020/05. Northern Hemisphere SWE products are available at daily temporal resolution with alpine areas masked.
 The dataset is aimed to serve the needs of users working on climate research and monitoring activities, including the detection of variability and trends, climate modeling, and aspects of hydrology and meteorology.
 The Finnish Meteorological Institute is responsible for the SWE product development and generation.
 This version 2 dataset has some notable differences compared to the v1 data. In v2, passive microwave radiometer data are obtained from the recalibrated enhanced resolution CETB ESDR dataset (MEaSUREs Calibrated Enhanced-Resolution Passive Microwave Daily EASE-Grid 2.0 Brightness Temperature (CETB) Earth System Data Record (ESDR) https://nsidc.org/pmesdr/data-sets/), the grid spacing is reduced from 25 kilometers (km) to 12.5 km, and spatially and temporally varying snow density fields are used to adjust SWE retrievals in post processing. The output grid spacing is reduced from 0.25-degree to 0.10-degree WGS84 latitude / longitude to be compatible with other Snow_cci products. The time series has been extended by two years with data from 2018 to 2020 added.
 The ESA CCI phased product development framework allowed for a systematic analysis of these changes to the input data and snow density parameterization that occurred between v1 and v2 using a series of step-wise developmental datasets. In comparison with in-situ snow courses, the correlation and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of v2 improved 18 percent (%) (0.1) and 12% (5 millimeters (mm)), respectively, relative to v1. The timing of peak snow mass is shifted two weeks later and a temporal discontinuity in the monthly northern hemisphere snow mass time series associated with the shift from the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) in 2009 is removed in v2.
 Luojus, K.; Moisander, M.; Pulliainen, J.; Takala, M.; Lemmetyinen, J.; Derksen, C.; Mortimer, C.; Schwaizer, G.; Nagler, T.; Venäläinen, P. (2022): ESA Snow Climate Change Initiative (Snow_cci): Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) level 3C daily global climate research data package (CRDP) (1979 – 2020), version 2.0. NERC EDS Centre for Environmental Data Analysis, 17 March 2022. doi:10.5285/4647cc9ad3c044439d6c643208d3c494. https://dx.doi.org/10.5285/4647cc9ad3c044439d6c643208d3c494
DOI: 10.18739/a2mp4vq1d
title: Resilience and adaptation to the effects of permafrost degradation induced coastal erosion - continuously observed ground temperatures, Alaska, 2023-2024

description: This project is part of Navigating the New Arctic (NNA) which addresses converging scientific challenges in the rapidly changing Arctic. Specifically, the goal of this project is to better understand ice-rich permafrost at local, regional, and circumpolar scales.
 This dataset provides ground temperature data in the active layer and near-surface permafrost to provide a baseline for assessing the future changes in the near-surface temperatures in the natural environment and next to the infrastructure/disturbed environment at Utqiagvik, Point Lay, and Wainwright in Alaska. Collected ground temperature data are intended to help researchers, communities and public with ongoing activities to mitigate a threat of thawing permafrost on the local and regional scale, and to provide spatial data for validation of climate scenario models and temperature reanalysis approaches.
 Update: Filename nomenclature has been changed from US_PIP_### to US_UTQ_### in order to separate different site location data.
DOI: 10.18739/a2ms3k363
title: Vertical properties of aerosols in the Arctic lower atmosphere and their impact on cloud radiative effects (2022)

description: These measurements were made as part of the Alaskan Layered Pollution And Chemical Analysis (ALPACA)-2022 field study (https://alpaca.community.uaf.edu/alpaca-field-study/), which investigated air pollution under dark and cold conditions in Fairbanks, Alaska in January and February, 2022. This data set includes vertical profiles of aerosol measurements (Number concentration above 7 nanometer (nm), number size distribution for mobility diameters between 8 and 270 nm and optical diameters between 186 and 3370 nm, light absorption coefficients at wavelengths of 450, 525 and 624 nm), trace gas measurements (Carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3) and carbon dioxide (CO2)) and temperature. Measurements were obtained from the Modular Multiplatform Compatible Air Measurement System (MoMuCAMS) (Pohorsky et al., 2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-731-2024), an instrumental platform for boundary layer profiling with a tethered-balloon. Measurements were performed at the University of Alaska (UAF) Farm site, a suburban area of Fairbanks (64.853°North [N], 147.859°West [W], 138 meter above sea level). In total 24 flights were performed with different instrumental setups.
DOI: 10.18739/a2n00zw1s
title: Alaska Soils Temperature Daily Database 2024

description: This database contains mean daily temperatures for sites associated with the Alaska Thermokarst Monitoring network. The data are from projects that we have conducted, as well as data compiled from some other project and publicly available data. The temperature data focus mainly on surface and deep (mainly ~ 1 meter [m], usually below the active layer) soils. This database is continually updated and currently includes only a portion of the soil temperature monitoring sites. The Access Database has 4 main data tables (tbl_) that include the MaintLog (maintenance log), Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QAQC) Summary (listing of gapfilling methods and quality), Sites (site environmental characteristics) and Soil_Temperatures_Daily (mean daily temperatures). Environmental characteristics in the Site table can be used for analyzing environmental effects on soil temperatures. Tables were exported to csv format for archiving.
DOI: 10.18739/a2n29p83g
title: eXpendable Conductivity Temperature Depth (XCTD) profiles of temperature and salinity from Sermilik and Sermiligaaq Fjords, Southeast Greenland during August 2021

description: Six temperature and salinity profiles from Sermilik and Sermiligaaq Fjords in Southeast Greenland. The profiles were collected using Sippican XCTD-1 eXpendable Conductivity Temperature Depth (XCTD) probes hand deployed from a small fishing vessel (Profiles #1-2) and from a helicopter (Profiles #3-6). The boat-based profiles were collected on August 10 in Sermiligaaq Fjord. The helicopter-based profiles were collected on August 11, 2021 in the ice mélange of Helheim Glacier. The profiles were manually examined, quality controlled, and are provided as 2-meter (m) depth bin averaged profiles. These data were collected as part of a long-term project to monitor Sermilik Fjord to determine what water masses flow into and out of the fjord; in particular, if warm, Atlantic water from the Irminger Sea penetrates into the fjord and how freshwater from ice melt is diluted and transported out of the fjord. Observations have been collected in the fjord since 2008.