cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923958.v1
title: Estimated prevalence of COVID-19 in Brazil with probabilistic bias correction

description: Abstract: Using data collected by the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey - COVID-19 (PNAD-COVID19) and semi-Bayesian modelling developed by Wu et al., we have estimated the effect of underreporting of COVID-19 cases in Brazil as of December 2020. The total number of infected individuals is about 3 to 8 times the number of cases reported, depending on the state. Confirmed cases are at 3.1% of the total population and our estimate of total cases is at almost 15% of the approximately 212 million Brazilians as of 2020. The method we adopted from Wu et al., with slight modifications in prior specifications, applies bias corrections to account for incomplete testing and imperfect test accuracy. Our estimates, which are comparable to results obtained by Wu et al. for the United States, indicate that projections from compartmental models (such as SEIR models) tend to overestimate the number of infections and that there is considerable regional heterogeneity (results are presented by state).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923960
title: Local effects of deforestation on stream fish assemblages in the amazon-savannah transitional area

description: Abstract The expansion of agriculture in the southeast Amazon-Savanah transitional area has greatly decreased forest cover and influenced stream structure and functioning. We assessed the effects of forest cover loss on the integrity of streams by assessing stream physical conditions and the taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages in this transitional area. We hypothesize that low forest cover, especially adjacent to streams, results in poor physical conditions (e.g., warmer temperatures, less physical structure, etc.), which in turn will decrease the taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages. We detected that loss of forest cover negatively affects natural stream conditions and reduces the functional diversity of fish assemblages, but we did not find a strong effect on taxonomic diversity. Ambush and stalking predators, diurnal surface pickers (groups that exhibit opportunistic life history strategies), grazers, pickers, and browsers (groups that exhibit equilibrium life history strategies) were the functional groups with the strongest relation to altered environments. These groups can explore different niches, both with natural characteristics or altered by human activities. Our results suggest that the preservation of riparian zones can minimize the loss of specialized fish species in assemblages of Amazon-Savannah stream systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923960.v1
title: Local effects of deforestation on stream fish assemblages in the amazon-savannah transitional area

description: Abstract The expansion of agriculture in the southeast Amazon-Savanah transitional area has greatly decreased forest cover and influenced stream structure and functioning. We assessed the effects of forest cover loss on the integrity of streams by assessing stream physical conditions and the taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages in this transitional area. We hypothesize that low forest cover, especially adjacent to streams, results in poor physical conditions (e.g., warmer temperatures, less physical structure, etc.), which in turn will decrease the taxonomic and functional diversity of fish assemblages. We detected that loss of forest cover negatively affects natural stream conditions and reduces the functional diversity of fish assemblages, but we did not find a strong effect on taxonomic diversity. Ambush and stalking predators, diurnal surface pickers (groups that exhibit opportunistic life history strategies), grazers, pickers, and browsers (groups that exhibit equilibrium life history strategies) were the functional groups with the strongest relation to altered environments. These groups can explore different niches, both with natural characteristics or altered by human activities. Our results suggest that the preservation of riparian zones can minimize the loss of specialized fish species in assemblages of Amazon-Savannah stream systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923963
title: Effects of urbanization and environmental heterogeneity on fish assemblages in small streams

description: Abstract The structure of freshwater assemblages may be driven directly by urbanization or indirectly by a reduction in environmental heterogeneity (EH). Disentangling the effects of urbanization and EH requires uncorrelated proxies of each of these factors. We assessed the effects of the degree of urbanization and EH on the structure of fish assemblages. We sampled fish in 45 streams located in the urban area of Cuiabá. We assessed the effects of urbanization and EH on rarefied fish species richness (Srarefied), the local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD), and composition with linear models and distance-based redundancy analysis. Our indexes of urbanization and EH were not correlated. We found that both Srarefied and the LCBD decreased with an increasing degree of urbanization, but were not associated with EH. We also noted that few native fish species abundances were associated with the EH. Serrapinnus microdon, S. calliurus, Hemigrammus tridens, and Astyanax lacustris were abundant in streams with a lower degree of urbanization. The non-native Poecilia reticulata was more abundant in streams with a higher degree of urbanization. Our results highlight that urbanization leads in negative impacts on fish assemblages, such as decreases in diversity and the dominance of non-native species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923963.v1
title: Effects of urbanization and environmental heterogeneity on fish assemblages in small streams

description: Abstract The structure of freshwater assemblages may be driven directly by urbanization or indirectly by a reduction in environmental heterogeneity (EH). Disentangling the effects of urbanization and EH requires uncorrelated proxies of each of these factors. We assessed the effects of the degree of urbanization and EH on the structure of fish assemblages. We sampled fish in 45 streams located in the urban area of Cuiabá. We assessed the effects of urbanization and EH on rarefied fish species richness (Srarefied), the local contribution to beta diversity (LCBD), and composition with linear models and distance-based redundancy analysis. Our indexes of urbanization and EH were not correlated. We found that both Srarefied and the LCBD decreased with an increasing degree of urbanization, but were not associated with EH. We also noted that few native fish species abundances were associated with the EH. Serrapinnus microdon, S. calliurus, Hemigrammus tridens, and Astyanax lacustris were abundant in streams with a lower degree of urbanization. The non-native Poecilia reticulata was more abundant in streams with a higher degree of urbanization. Our results highlight that urbanization leads in negative impacts on fish assemblages, such as decreases in diversity and the dominance of non-native species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923969
title: Cursed sciences? Assyriology and Egyptology: colonial metaphors, objects, and museums from South America

description: ABSTRACT This paper discusses how the construction of colonial metaphors from the mid-19th century in the Western world favored the foundation of the new imperialist order that promoted the political and economic domination of Asia and Africa and the looting of the cultural property of native peoples. These metaphors were embraced not only by members of the ruling class, but also by those belonging to the intelligentsia of the time, especially from the gestation of the so-called Ancient Near Eastern Studies. The confiscation of cultural objects from subject regions grounded the formation of the European and North American museums, whose collector model was emulated by the elites of South America.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923969.v1
title: Cursed sciences? Assyriology and Egyptology: colonial metaphors, objects, and museums from South America

description: ABSTRACT This paper discusses how the construction of colonial metaphors from the mid-19th century in the Western world favored the foundation of the new imperialist order that promoted the political and economic domination of Asia and Africa and the looting of the cultural property of native peoples. These metaphors were embraced not only by members of the ruling class, but also by those belonging to the intelligentsia of the time, especially from the gestation of the so-called Ancient Near Eastern Studies. The confiscation of cultural objects from subject regions grounded the formation of the European and North American museums, whose collector model was emulated by the elites of South America.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923967
title: SOFTWARE-ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF HEPATIC SINUSOIDAL DILATATION AND CENTRILOBULAR FIBROSIS

description: ABSTRACT Background: Heart dysfunction and liver disease often coexist because of systemic disorders. Any cause of right ventricular failure may precipitate hepatic congestion and fibrosis. Digital image technologies have been introduced to pathology diagnosis, allowing an objective quantitative assessment. The quantification of fibrous tissue in liver biopsy sections is extremely important in the classification, diagnosis and grading of chronic liver disease. Aim: To create a semi-automatic computerized protocol to quantify any amount of centrilobular fibrosis and sinusoidal dilatation in liver Masson’s Trichrome-stained specimen. Method: Once fibrosis had been established, liver samples were collected, histologically processed, stained with Masson’s trichrome, and whole-slide images were captured with an appropriated digital pathology slide scanner. After, a random selection of the regions of interest (ROI’s) was conducted. The data were subjected to software-assisted image analysis (ImageJ®). Results: The analysis of 250 ROI’s allowed to empirically obtain the best application settings to identify the centrilobular fibrosis (CF) and sinusoidal lumen (SL). After the establishment of the colour threshold application settings, an in-house Macro was recorded to set the measurements (fraction area and total area) and calculate the CF and SL ratios by an automatic batch processing. Conclusion: Was possible to create a more detailed method that identifies and quantifies the area occupied by fibrous tissue and sinusoidal lumen in Masson’s trichrome-stained livers specimens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923967.v1
title: SOFTWARE-ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS FOR IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF HEPATIC SINUSOIDAL DILATATION AND CENTRILOBULAR FIBROSIS

description: ABSTRACT Background: Heart dysfunction and liver disease often coexist because of systemic disorders. Any cause of right ventricular failure may precipitate hepatic congestion and fibrosis. Digital image technologies have been introduced to pathology diagnosis, allowing an objective quantitative assessment. The quantification of fibrous tissue in liver biopsy sections is extremely important in the classification, diagnosis and grading of chronic liver disease. Aim: To create a semi-automatic computerized protocol to quantify any amount of centrilobular fibrosis and sinusoidal dilatation in liver Masson’s Trichrome-stained specimen. Method: Once fibrosis had been established, liver samples were collected, histologically processed, stained with Masson’s trichrome, and whole-slide images were captured with an appropriated digital pathology slide scanner. After, a random selection of the regions of interest (ROI’s) was conducted. The data were subjected to software-assisted image analysis (ImageJ®). Results: The analysis of 250 ROI’s allowed to empirically obtain the best application settings to identify the centrilobular fibrosis (CF) and sinusoidal lumen (SL). After the establishment of the colour threshold application settings, an in-house Macro was recorded to set the measurements (fraction area and total area) and calculate the CF and SL ratios by an automatic batch processing. Conclusion: Was possible to create a more detailed method that identifies and quantifies the area occupied by fibrous tissue and sinusoidal lumen in Masson’s trichrome-stained livers specimens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923372
title: Markov chains to determine the probability of climate change for planting selection in the city of Caxias do Sul

description: ABSTRACT: The Markov stochastic chain model and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were used as tools to support decision-making for the best crop-planting choice in the city of Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Temperature and precipitation information were collected from the Meteorological Database for Teaching and Research of the National Institute of Meteorology of Brazil for the period 1997-2017. The stochastic model was applied to obtain the probability of transition between a range of variations for temperature and precipitation. In the second phase of the study, an algebraic model was developed, making it possible to link the probability of the Markov chain transition matrix to the AHP judgment matrix. In the third phase, the AHP was applied as a tool to determine the most beneficial crop that could be planted for the studied city, considering the evaluated criteria: temperature, precipitation, and soil pH. The alternatives for crop planting were carrots, tomatoes, apples, and grapes. These were chosen because they are the most-planted crops in the city of Caxias do Sul. The ranking of the benefit-force results of applying the model for spring was carrots (0.297), apples (0.259), grapes (0.228), and tomatoes (0.215); for summer: grapes (0.261), tomatoes (0.261), apples (0.238), and carrots (0.230); for autumn: carrots (0.316), grapes (0.243), tomatoes (0.228), and apples (0.213); and for winter: carrots (0.327), tomatoes (0.235), apples (0.222), and grapes (0.216). Thus, it was concluded that farmers would have a better chance of success if they planted carrots during the spring, autumn, and winter, and grapes during the summer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923372.v1
title: Markov chains to determine the probability of climate change for planting selection in the city of Caxias do Sul

description: ABSTRACT: The Markov stochastic chain model and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) were used as tools to support decision-making for the best crop-planting choice in the city of Caxias do Sul, Brazil. Temperature and precipitation information were collected from the Meteorological Database for Teaching and Research of the National Institute of Meteorology of Brazil for the period 1997-2017. The stochastic model was applied to obtain the probability of transition between a range of variations for temperature and precipitation. In the second phase of the study, an algebraic model was developed, making it possible to link the probability of the Markov chain transition matrix to the AHP judgment matrix. In the third phase, the AHP was applied as a tool to determine the most beneficial crop that could be planted for the studied city, considering the evaluated criteria: temperature, precipitation, and soil pH. The alternatives for crop planting were carrots, tomatoes, apples, and grapes. These were chosen because they are the most-planted crops in the city of Caxias do Sul. The ranking of the benefit-force results of applying the model for spring was carrots (0.297), apples (0.259), grapes (0.228), and tomatoes (0.215); for summer: grapes (0.261), tomatoes (0.261), apples (0.238), and carrots (0.230); for autumn: carrots (0.316), grapes (0.243), tomatoes (0.228), and apples (0.213); and for winter: carrots (0.327), tomatoes (0.235), apples (0.222), and grapes (0.216). Thus, it was concluded that farmers would have a better chance of success if they planted carrots during the spring, autumn, and winter, and grapes during the summer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923972
title: WHAT FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO DELAYED GASTRIC EMPTYING AFTER DUODENOPANCREATECTOMY WITH PILORIC PRESERVATION?

description: ABSTRACT Background: The delay in gastric emptying is the second most frequent complication after duodenopancreatectomy with pyloric preservation, that increases hospitalization time and hospital costs. Aim: To identify factors that contribute to the appearance the delay in this surgical procedure. Method: Ninety-five patients were submitted to duodenopancreatectomy with pyloric preservation. After retrospective analysis of the medical records, it was observed that 60 had prolonged hospitalization due to complications. Thus, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze predictors of delayed gastric emptying. Results: Delay was present in 65% (n=39) and pancreatic fistula in 38.3% (n=23). Univariate analysis revealed that the presence of pancreatic complications (pancreatic fistula, p=0.01), other intracavitary complications with the appearance of abdominal collections (p=0.03) and hypoalbuminemia (p=0.06) were responsible, also confirmed by the multivariate analysis. In those who presented delay without a determined cause, it was observed that high levels of total bilirubin (p=0.01) and direct bilirubin (p=0.01) could be related to it. Conclusion: The delay in gastric emptying in patients undergoing duodenopancreatectomy with pyloric preservation is due to intracavitary complications.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923972.v1
title: WHAT FACTORS CONTRIBUTE TO DELAYED GASTRIC EMPTYING AFTER DUODENOPANCREATECTOMY WITH PILORIC PRESERVATION?

description: ABSTRACT Background: The delay in gastric emptying is the second most frequent complication after duodenopancreatectomy with pyloric preservation, that increases hospitalization time and hospital costs. Aim: To identify factors that contribute to the appearance the delay in this surgical procedure. Method: Ninety-five patients were submitted to duodenopancreatectomy with pyloric preservation. After retrospective analysis of the medical records, it was observed that 60 had prolonged hospitalization due to complications. Thus, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze predictors of delayed gastric emptying. Results: Delay was present in 65% (n=39) and pancreatic fistula in 38.3% (n=23). Univariate analysis revealed that the presence of pancreatic complications (pancreatic fistula, p=0.01), other intracavitary complications with the appearance of abdominal collections (p=0.03) and hypoalbuminemia (p=0.06) were responsible, also confirmed by the multivariate analysis. In those who presented delay without a determined cause, it was observed that high levels of total bilirubin (p=0.01) and direct bilirubin (p=0.01) could be related to it. Conclusion: The delay in gastric emptying in patients undergoing duodenopancreatectomy with pyloric preservation is due to intracavitary complications.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923973
title: Palliative care: knowledge of cancer patients and their caregivers

description: Abstract The objective of this study is to verify the perception of palliative care, advance directives of will and do-not-resuscitate order of patients and their caregivers, as well as their relationship with health professionals. This is a quantitative descriptive research, carried out between 2018 and 2019 at the Center for High Complexity in Oncology of a Brazilian university hospital. The sample included 200 participants (100 cancer patients and 100 informal caregivers). The collected data were stored in Microsoft Excel and processed in the SPSS software. It was possible to observe the participants' lack of knowledge about issues related to the end of life, as well as the paradox of disagreeing with dysthanasia and agreeing with obstinate resuscitation. The results also attest to the importance of health professionals in the perception of caregivers about their own capacity to exercise this function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923973.v1
title: Palliative care: knowledge of cancer patients and their caregivers

description: Abstract The objective of this study is to verify the perception of palliative care, advance directives of will and do-not-resuscitate order of patients and their caregivers, as well as their relationship with health professionals. This is a quantitative descriptive research, carried out between 2018 and 2019 at the Center for High Complexity in Oncology of a Brazilian university hospital. The sample included 200 participants (100 cancer patients and 100 informal caregivers). The collected data were stored in Microsoft Excel and processed in the SPSS software. It was possible to observe the participants' lack of knowledge about issues related to the end of life, as well as the paradox of disagreeing with dysthanasia and agreeing with obstinate resuscitation. The results also attest to the importance of health professionals in the perception of caregivers about their own capacity to exercise this function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923975
title: Casa das Fazendas Pretas, urban trade, and mourning practices in the late 19th century

description: ABSTRACT The Casa das Fazendas Pretas (House of Funerary trousseaus) was a commercial establishment located in Rio de Janeiro between the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. Aimed at being “the only one of its kind,” as stated in its advertising, it was specialized in fabrics and articles for mourning and half-mourning. In retracing its history, one may observe the development of this particular kind of commerce, the concern with the mourning etiquette, and the social place occupied by these rules in the life of the elite and the middle classes at that time. This study was conducted with women’s and general interest magazines accessed through the National Library website and documents found in the National Archives, in Rio de Janeiro.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923975.v1
title: Casa das Fazendas Pretas, urban trade, and mourning practices in the late 19th century

description: ABSTRACT The Casa das Fazendas Pretas (House of Funerary trousseaus) was a commercial establishment located in Rio de Janeiro between the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century. Aimed at being “the only one of its kind,” as stated in its advertising, it was specialized in fabrics and articles for mourning and half-mourning. In retracing its history, one may observe the development of this particular kind of commerce, the concern with the mourning etiquette, and the social place occupied by these rules in the life of the elite and the middle classes at that time. This study was conducted with women’s and general interest magazines accessed through the National Library website and documents found in the National Archives, in Rio de Janeiro.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19923978
title: Physicians and low-risk frequent users in emergency services: ethical implications

description: Abstract There is an increasing demand for Emergency Department (ED) services from frequent users with problems of low clinical complexity. The overuse of ED poses several ethical-professional dilemmas for physicians and other medical staff. The study analyzes the ethical implications that emerge from the relationship between physicians and low-risk frequent users in a university hospital. This is a qualitative research developed through semi-structured interviews with physicians and low-risk frequent users and ethnographic observation in the field. It was observed that medical staff tend to stigmatize the demand of frequent patients. They, on the other hand, are satisfied with the physicians but discontent with primary health care and specialized outpatient care. It is concluded that the overuse generates ethicalprofessional conflicts, especially due to the stigmatization of these users by physicians. Nevertheless, frequent users are satisfied with the service, which motivates them to continue using it often.