cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503111
title: Susceptibility of Clonal Seedlings of Eucalyptus spp. to Powdery Mildew Disease

description: ABSTRACT Powdery mildew is one of the main diseases in eucalyptus clonal nursery. The present work aimed to confirm the identity of the causal agent of powdery mildew in clonal seedlings of Eucalyptus spp., and to evaluate the susceptibility reaction of clones to this disease. Conidia were collected in minigardens for molecular identification of the pathogen. We assessed susceptibility by testing 4 clones: Clone 1 (Eucalyptus benthamii ), Clone 2 (E. dunni), Clone 3 (E. benthamii) and Clone 4 (E. urophylla x E. globulus). Scale of classes was used for calculations of Disease Index (DI) and Final Incidence (I). Temporal analysis was performed using the Logistic and Gompertz models. The molecular identification confirmed the identity of the isolates approximate to Podosphaera pannosa (teleomorphic phase of Oidium eucalypti). The Gompertz model obtained a better adjustment to the severity and incidence data, and clones 1 and 2 showed greater susceptibility to eucalyptus powdery mildew.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511975.v1
title: Resistance of TiO2-treated Eucalyptus botryoides Wood to the Fungus Ganoderma applanatum

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to investigate the resistance of Eucalyptus botryoides treated with TiO2 particles to attack by the fungus Ganoderma applanatum. The Bethel treatment method was applied to wood specimens (25 × 25 × 9 mm) and compared to CCB. The wood was subjected to the accelerated decay test and characterized through Rockwell Hardness and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The TiO2-treated wood showed lower degradation and greater resistance to the penetration of a steel sphere (Rockwell Hardness) than the untreated wood. In addition, the results of the TiO2 treatment were statistically equal to those of CCB. The FT-IR analysis showed that the fungus degraded lignin and hemicellulose in untreated samples. The present results showed the TiO2 efficiency in forming a protective layer on the cell wall and in preventing the development of microorganisms, a fact that verifies its fungicidal action on wood.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511975
title: Resistance of TiO2-treated Eucalyptus botryoides Wood to the Fungus Ganoderma applanatum

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to investigate the resistance of Eucalyptus botryoides treated with TiO2 particles to attack by the fungus Ganoderma applanatum. The Bethel treatment method was applied to wood specimens (25 × 25 × 9 mm) and compared to CCB. The wood was subjected to the accelerated decay test and characterized through Rockwell Hardness and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The TiO2-treated wood showed lower degradation and greater resistance to the penetration of a steel sphere (Rockwell Hardness) than the untreated wood. In addition, the results of the TiO2 treatment were statistically equal to those of CCB. The FT-IR analysis showed that the fungus degraded lignin and hemicellulose in untreated samples. The present results showed the TiO2 efficiency in forming a protective layer on the cell wall and in preventing the development of microorganisms, a fact that verifies its fungicidal action on wood.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518926
title: Operational Performance of the Selective Cutting of Trees With Chainsaw

description: ABSTRACT The objective was to obtain a statistical model to estimate the operational performance of cutting trees with a chainsaw in the natural tropical forest north of Mato Grosso state. One-hundred-and-fifty-one operational cycles of selective logging for commercial purposes were registered. In each cycle, the effective time for cutting, the diameter of the trees, commercial height, the number of logs per tree, and the distance between trees was determined. A step-by-step regression analysis was performed to obtain the coefficients of the models and statistical parameters. The result of the analysis concluded that the most accurate model to estimate the operational performance is the one that transforms the diameter variable at breast height (DBH) squared and also includes the variables number of logs per tree and distance between logged trees.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518926.v1
title: Operational Performance of the Selective Cutting of Trees With Chainsaw

description: ABSTRACT The objective was to obtain a statistical model to estimate the operational performance of cutting trees with a chainsaw in the natural tropical forest north of Mato Grosso state. One-hundred-and-fifty-one operational cycles of selective logging for commercial purposes were registered. In each cycle, the effective time for cutting, the diameter of the trees, commercial height, the number of logs per tree, and the distance between trees was determined. A step-by-step regression analysis was performed to obtain the coefficients of the models and statistical parameters. The result of the analysis concluded that the most accurate model to estimate the operational performance is the one that transforms the diameter variable at breast height (DBH) squared and also includes the variables number of logs per tree and distance between logged trees.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510196
title: Prediction System for Diameter Distribution and Wood Production of Eucalyptus

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to propose a prediction system to estimate the diameter distribution and wood production in unthinned eucalyptus clone plantations. Data was obtained from permanent sample units, with ages from 28 to 78 months. The Weibull distribution was used to estimate the frequency of the number of trees per diameter class. Models were used to relate the Weibull distribution coefficients with forest stand attributes. The forest stand variables most correlated with the Weibull distribution parameters were the minimum, medium, maximum and quadratic diameters and the dominant height. The projected frequency of tree numbers and the production by diameter class obtained by the system of equations did not differ statistically from the observed values evaluated by the t-test at 95% probability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510196.v1
title: Prediction System for Diameter Distribution and Wood Production of Eucalyptus

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to propose a prediction system to estimate the diameter distribution and wood production in unthinned eucalyptus clone plantations. Data was obtained from permanent sample units, with ages from 28 to 78 months. The Weibull distribution was used to estimate the frequency of the number of trees per diameter class. Models were used to relate the Weibull distribution coefficients with forest stand attributes. The forest stand variables most correlated with the Weibull distribution parameters were the minimum, medium, maximum and quadratic diameters and the dominant height. The projected frequency of tree numbers and the production by diameter class obtained by the system of equations did not differ statistically from the observed values evaluated by the t-test at 95% probability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518488
title: Tree Responses to Soil and Edge Effects in a Semideciduous Forest Remnant

description: ABSTRACT The present study seeks to characterize the composition, structure, and functional traits of the tree stratum of a Semideciduous Forest in Pouso Alegre, MG, Brazil (22º12’43”S and 45º59’30”W), by comparing Edge and Interior habitats and their relation to human impacts and soil variables. The tree community (diameter at 1.3 m (DBH) higher than 5 cm) was inventoried using the point-centered quarter method by laying out 12 transects of 450 m each (six transects in the Edge and six in the Interior). Functional traits – wood density and seed mass – were obtained by genus. The impact evaluation and soil sample collection were realized per transect. We found significant differences in terms of the basal area (higher in Interior), diversity (higher in Interior) and community seed mass (higher in Edge). The effects of higher values of soil traits such as Calcium, Magnesium, cation sum (CS) and base saturation (V) on species composition were stronger in the Interior, while human induced impacts and soil Potassium had an overwhelming effect on the Edge.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518488.v1
title: Tree Responses to Soil and Edge Effects in a Semideciduous Forest Remnant

description: ABSTRACT The present study seeks to characterize the composition, structure, and functional traits of the tree stratum of a Semideciduous Forest in Pouso Alegre, MG, Brazil (22º12’43”S and 45º59’30”W), by comparing Edge and Interior habitats and their relation to human impacts and soil variables. The tree community (diameter at 1.3 m (DBH) higher than 5 cm) was inventoried using the point-centered quarter method by laying out 12 transects of 450 m each (six transects in the Edge and six in the Interior). Functional traits – wood density and seed mass – were obtained by genus. The impact evaluation and soil sample collection were realized per transect. We found significant differences in terms of the basal area (higher in Interior), diversity (higher in Interior) and community seed mass (higher in Edge). The effects of higher values of soil traits such as Calcium, Magnesium, cation sum (CS) and base saturation (V) on species composition were stronger in the Interior, while human induced impacts and soil Potassium had an overwhelming effect on the Edge.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512689
title: Evaluating the Effects of Removing Fines from Particleboards Manufactured from Amazonian Wood Residue

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of removing fines on the physical and mechanical properties of high-density particleboard produced by mechanical processing of Caryocar villosum (pequiá), Tachigali myrmecophyla (tachi-preto) and Hymenolobium excelsum (angelim-da-mata) Amazonian woods. The panels were produced with nominal density of 850 kg.m-3, thickness of 15.7 mm and phenol formaldehyde adhesive. The experimental design was arranged in a factorial design, with the assessment of the effects of three species (pequiá, tachi-preto and angelim-da-mata) and two particle classifications (with and without fines). Their performance was evaluated with respect to their physical (apparent density, moisture content, water absorption and thickness swelling) and mechanical (static bending – modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture and internal bond) properties, realized according to ABNT NBR 14810-3. The removal of fines in the production of panels generated a tendency towards increased MoR, MoE and internal bond values and contributed to reductions in AAw2h, AAw24h and ST2h.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512689.v1
title: Evaluating the Effects of Removing Fines from Particleboards Manufactured from Amazonian Wood Residue

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of removing fines on the physical and mechanical properties of high-density particleboard produced by mechanical processing of Caryocar villosum (pequiá), Tachigali myrmecophyla (tachi-preto) and Hymenolobium excelsum (angelim-da-mata) Amazonian woods. The panels were produced with nominal density of 850 kg.m-3, thickness of 15.7 mm and phenol formaldehyde adhesive. The experimental design was arranged in a factorial design, with the assessment of the effects of three species (pequiá, tachi-preto and angelim-da-mata) and two particle classifications (with and without fines). Their performance was evaluated with respect to their physical (apparent density, moisture content, water absorption and thickness swelling) and mechanical (static bending – modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture and internal bond) properties, realized according to ABNT NBR 14810-3. The removal of fines in the production of panels generated a tendency towards increased MoR, MoE and internal bond values and contributed to reductions in AAw2h, AAw24h and ST2h.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510262
title: Nutrient Input via Incident Rainfall in a Eucalyptus dunnii Stand in the Pampa biome

description: ABSTRACT We evaluated the nutrient input via incident rainfall in a Eucalyptus dunnii stand in the Brazilian Pampa biome. During the two-year study, we analyzed nutrient concentrations in incident rainfall (P), throughfall via drip (Pi), and stemflow (Et). Ion concentrations (NO2-, NO3-, PO43- , SO42-, Cl-, K+, Ca2+ , and Mg2+) were determined from the aqueous solution, and based on the water volume, the quantity per hectare (kg ha-1) was estimated for each element. Statistical differences observed by ANOVA and separation of means contrasts were subjected to Tukey’s test (5%), adopting a completely randomized design. Higher concentrations of SO4 2- in P; NO3- in Pi solution, and K+, Ca2+ , Mg2+, and Cl- in Et were observed. Greater amounts of nutrients such as Cl-, K+, Ca2+, and SO42 were incorporated via Pi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510262.v1
title: Nutrient Input via Incident Rainfall in a Eucalyptus dunnii Stand in the Pampa biome

description: ABSTRACT We evaluated the nutrient input via incident rainfall in a Eucalyptus dunnii stand in the Brazilian Pampa biome. During the two-year study, we analyzed nutrient concentrations in incident rainfall (P), throughfall via drip (Pi), and stemflow (Et). Ion concentrations (NO2-, NO3-, PO43- , SO42-, Cl-, K+, Ca2+ , and Mg2+) were determined from the aqueous solution, and based on the water volume, the quantity per hectare (kg ha-1) was estimated for each element. Statistical differences observed by ANOVA and separation of means contrasts were subjected to Tukey’s test (5%), adopting a completely randomized design. Higher concentrations of SO4 2- in P; NO3- in Pi solution, and K+, Ca2+ , Mg2+, and Cl- in Et were observed. Greater amounts of nutrients such as Cl-, K+, Ca2+, and SO42 were incorporated via Pi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510166
title: Seed Bank from Abandoned Pastures in the Coastal Region of Paraná

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seed bank of three contiguous areas: pasture abandoned for ten years, with soil amended by partial beheading for two years at horizon A (area I); pasture identical to the previous example, but with recent mobilization of the topsoil (area II); area in the early stages of regeneration (area III). Field work was conducted in Morretes-PR, in an area of evergreen rain forest. In November 2013, seed bank samples were collected from ten points per area (0.30 × 0.30 m) and at three depths (0-3 cm + litter, 3.1 to 6.0 cm and 6.1 to 9.0 cm). We obtained 25.151 seeds m-2, distributed between 85 species. The predominant life form was herbaceous (98%), with the Cyperaceae family being the most abundant. In the seed banks of the three areas, only a few seeds from a restricted number of woody species were found, which therefore, represents a limited resource for forest restoration purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510166.v1
title: Seed Bank from Abandoned Pastures in the Coastal Region of Paraná

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the seed bank of three contiguous areas: pasture abandoned for ten years, with soil amended by partial beheading for two years at horizon A (area I); pasture identical to the previous example, but with recent mobilization of the topsoil (area II); area in the early stages of regeneration (area III). Field work was conducted in Morretes-PR, in an area of evergreen rain forest. In November 2013, seed bank samples were collected from ten points per area (0.30 × 0.30 m) and at three depths (0-3 cm + litter, 3.1 to 6.0 cm and 6.1 to 9.0 cm). We obtained 25.151 seeds m-2, distributed between 85 species. The predominant life form was herbaceous (98%), with the Cyperaceae family being the most abundant. In the seed banks of the three areas, only a few seeds from a restricted number of woody species were found, which therefore, represents a limited resource for forest restoration purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518503
title: Characteristics of Wood and Charcoal from Eucalyptus clones

description: ABSTRACT The characteristics of wood and charcoal depend on the genetic material and the sampling position on the tree trunk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of clone and longitudinal position on the characteristics of wood and charcoal of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla. Specimens belonging to I144 and GG100 clones both at seven years of age were felled and mechanically processed for disc removal at different longitudinal positions of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 meters from the ground. The wood and charcoal physical and energetic characteristics were evaluated according to the different longitudinal positions. The genetic material and longitudinal position influenced the wood and charcoal characteristics. Sampling positions on the tree trunks can be considered for the energetic direction of “in natura” or carbonized biomass.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518503.v1
title: Characteristics of Wood and Charcoal from Eucalyptus clones

description: ABSTRACT The characteristics of wood and charcoal depend on the genetic material and the sampling position on the tree trunk. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of clone and longitudinal position on the characteristics of wood and charcoal of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla. Specimens belonging to I144 and GG100 clones both at seven years of age were felled and mechanically processed for disc removal at different longitudinal positions of 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 meters from the ground. The wood and charcoal physical and energetic characteristics were evaluated according to the different longitudinal positions. The genetic material and longitudinal position influenced the wood and charcoal characteristics. Sampling positions on the tree trunks can be considered for the energetic direction of “in natura” or carbonized biomass.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102571
title: Soil Macrofauna as Indicator of Environmental Recovery in a Mining Area

description: ABSTRACT This work aimed to characterize the composition of the soil macrofauna in non-mined and mined areas recovered with native vegetation, Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden and Acacia mearnsii De Wild. plantations, in a coal mine. Five areas were evaluated, namely, three non-mined areas and two mined and recovered areas. Six soil samples per area were collected using a 10x10 cm circular probe, every month during one year. Defragmentation of the soil and removal of specimens was carried out in a laboratory. A total of 3,195 specimens from 11 taxa were collected. The most abundant groups were Hymenoptera, Isoptera and Coleoptera. There were significant correlations (p&lt;0.05) between the total abundance of Isoptera and Coleoptera with some meteorological variables. The recovery process of the mined areas with black-wattle and eucalyptus plantations proved to be efficient because there was similarity of macrofauna groups between the non-mined, mined and native vegetation areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102571.v1
title: Soil Macrofauna as Indicator of Environmental Recovery in a Mining Area

description: ABSTRACT This work aimed to characterize the composition of the soil macrofauna in non-mined and mined areas recovered with native vegetation, Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden and Acacia mearnsii De Wild. plantations, in a coal mine. Five areas were evaluated, namely, three non-mined areas and two mined and recovered areas. Six soil samples per area were collected using a 10x10 cm circular probe, every month during one year. Defragmentation of the soil and removal of specimens was carried out in a laboratory. A total of 3,195 specimens from 11 taxa were collected. The most abundant groups were Hymenoptera, Isoptera and Coleoptera. There were significant correlations (p&lt;0.05) between the total abundance of Isoptera and Coleoptera with some meteorological variables. The recovery process of the mined areas with black-wattle and eucalyptus plantations proved to be efficient because there was similarity of macrofauna groups between the non-mined, mined and native vegetation areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102715
title: Protected Area Systems in South American Countries

description: ABSTRACT Protected Areas (PA) represent an important biodiversity conservation strategy, but these areas are threatened by increasing human pressure and inefficient management. Thus, the objective was to analyze the management of PA in South America, a continent with particular characteristics in relation to the political and socioeconomic complexity that reflect the way each country manages its PA. The results showed that, although there is progress in establishing PAs, there is only effective protection when they have adequate size and management, and Protected Area Systems (PAS) are established. It was possible to observe the importance of the PAS, since, PA managed outside it have comprehensive norms, without defined criteria, with several organs operating without connection. For PA management, uniform and standardized actions are fundamental in order to allow a global network for biodiversity protection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102715.v1
title: Protected Area Systems in South American Countries

description: ABSTRACT Protected Areas (PA) represent an important biodiversity conservation strategy, but these areas are threatened by increasing human pressure and inefficient management. Thus, the objective was to analyze the management of PA in South America, a continent with particular characteristics in relation to the political and socioeconomic complexity that reflect the way each country manages its PA. The results showed that, although there is progress in establishing PAs, there is only effective protection when they have adequate size and management, and Protected Area Systems (PAS) are established. It was possible to observe the importance of the PAS, since, PA managed outside it have comprehensive norms, without defined criteria, with several organs operating without connection. For PA management, uniform and standardized actions are fundamental in order to allow a global network for biodiversity protection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102733.v1
title: Development of Forestry Species Inoculated with Trichoderma spp. Fertilized with Rock Phosphate

description: ABSTRACT The study aimed to determine the effects of inoculation of Trichoderma spp. on the development and extraction of nutrients from Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. (uvaieira) and Myrcianthes punges (O.Berg.) (guabiju) subjected to fertilization with rock phosphate. The treatments used at planting were: Control; Trichonat PM®; Trichoderma sp. FS1; Rock phosphate; Trichonat PM® + Rock phosphate; and Trichoderma sp. FS1 + Rock Phosphate. The following characteristics were evaluated at 540 days after planting: plant height, crown diameter, branch insertion points, biomass, and nutrient content. The uvaieiras inoculated with Trichonat PM® and Thrichoderma spp. showed higher vegetative growth and higher values of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S, respectively. For guabijuzeiros, the treatment with Trichoderma spp. presented the highest insertion point of the branches without phosphorus fertilization However, the treatments did not affect nutrient extraction. Thus, Trichoderma spp. inoculants have the potential to promote vegetative growth and nutrient extraction in plants.