cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279485
title: Preceptors in Medical Residency Programs: Epidemiological Profile and Pedagogic Training

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medical Residency is a specialization course characterized as in-service training, considered in Brazil as the gold standard in the development of specialist physicians’ training. The medical residency preceptorship is an activity carried out by a specialist physician, responsible for monitoring resident physicians. However, there is neither a definition of the main requirements for such a preceptor, nor of his/her academic background to carry out the due teaching training, and it was possible to notice a relative lack of preparation regarding the pedagogical aspects. Methods: Descriptive study based on a quantitative approach, comprising 200 preceptors, of both genders, from medical residency programs in Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil. Results: The mean age was 43.31 ± 10.31 years, with a slight majority of female participants (52.5%). The mean time since graduation was 19.5 ± 10.58 years, and 83% of the participants had graduated in the state of Alagoas. Moreover, 78.5% said they had their Medical Residency certification, with an increased trend of public institution preceptors getting their degree at the stricto sensu level. The mean time of their completed postgraduate course was 12.63 ± 10.87 years and 7.07 ± 6.99 years being a preceptor. Only 19% mentioned they had some qualification for exercising the preceptorship, and 29.5% work as the teachers at the undergraduate level. The state of Alagoas has followed the expansion of the Residency programs, justifying the mean age found, similar to other studies. The majority of female participants can be associated with the feminization of health care professionals. The high percentage of preceptors with medical residency qualification is in accordance with Resolution n. 4/1978. We found experienced preceptors, but some authors differed. The low percentage of preceptors with qualification for exercising preceptorship indicates low interest and lack of available training. Conclusion: This study population is characterized as being young, and most are females. They have had long professional experience, and most have graduated in the state of Alagoas. There is a predominance of medical residency as their main qualification, and few of them have had training in the field. Finally, preceptors from public institutions have mostly got their degrees at the stricto sensu level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279485.v1
title: Preceptors in Medical Residency Programs: Epidemiological Profile and Pedagogic Training

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medical Residency is a specialization course characterized as in-service training, considered in Brazil as the gold standard in the development of specialist physicians’ training. The medical residency preceptorship is an activity carried out by a specialist physician, responsible for monitoring resident physicians. However, there is neither a definition of the main requirements for such a preceptor, nor of his/her academic background to carry out the due teaching training, and it was possible to notice a relative lack of preparation regarding the pedagogical aspects. Methods: Descriptive study based on a quantitative approach, comprising 200 preceptors, of both genders, from medical residency programs in Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil. Results: The mean age was 43.31 ± 10.31 years, with a slight majority of female participants (52.5%). The mean time since graduation was 19.5 ± 10.58 years, and 83% of the participants had graduated in the state of Alagoas. Moreover, 78.5% said they had their Medical Residency certification, with an increased trend of public institution preceptors getting their degree at the stricto sensu level. The mean time of their completed postgraduate course was 12.63 ± 10.87 years and 7.07 ± 6.99 years being a preceptor. Only 19% mentioned they had some qualification for exercising the preceptorship, and 29.5% work as the teachers at the undergraduate level. The state of Alagoas has followed the expansion of the Residency programs, justifying the mean age found, similar to other studies. The majority of female participants can be associated with the feminization of health care professionals. The high percentage of preceptors with medical residency qualification is in accordance with Resolution n. 4/1978. We found experienced preceptors, but some authors differed. The low percentage of preceptors with qualification for exercising preceptorship indicates low interest and lack of available training. Conclusion: This study population is characterized as being young, and most are females. They have had long professional experience, and most have graduated in the state of Alagoas. There is a predominance of medical residency as their main qualification, and few of them have had training in the field. Finally, preceptors from public institutions have mostly got their degrees at the stricto sensu level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279486.v1
title: The Role of the Pediatric Advanced Life Support Instructor in Applying Best Practices in Pediatric Resuscitation

description: Abstract: Introduction: Cardiopulmonary arrest is an emergency event that requires both early identification of signs of clinical deterioration and rapid and effective actions for its reversal. Many physicians and nurses who provide care for children seek to training in this area of care by completing the Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) course, and subsequently becoming an instructor. The aim of this research was to understand the PALS instructors’ views on their role in connecting simulated scenarios to real life pediatric resuscitation situations. Method: The article has a qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews were used as the research technique. Twelve interviews were conducted with PALS instructors linked to various training centers in São Paulo. For qualitative analysis of the interviews the method proposed by Minayo was used, and Pierre Bourdieu’s field and habitus theoretical framework was also adopted. Results: Analysis of the interviews showed that after becoming PALS instructors, physicians and nurses feel recognized and self-confident, are better team leaders, make constructive interventions, suggest more training in pediatric emergencies and implement improvements in their services. The built-in habitus in the simulated field was reproduced by the instructors in the field of assistance, except in the debriefing application. Conclusion: The role of the instructors was to multiply best practices, involving the teams and favoring the execution of systematized and evidence-based care, with positive results in the day-to-day of hospital institutions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279492
title: Nutritional Education: a Gap in Medical Training

description: Abstract: Introduction: The role of nutrition in medicine has changed from a passive function, from an adjuvant therapy, to a proactive and sophisticated therapy that prevents various health problems and changes the natural history of the disease. Recent studies show up that medical education does not sufficiently and efficiently address the patient’s nutritional aspects, thus training physicians who are not confident in providing nutritional care to their patients. This study aimed to analyze and describe scientific studies that have evaluated nutrition education in medical schools, seeking within this context to find nutrition topics important for undergraduate medical education. Methods: This research was conducted through a cross-sectional, descriptive, scoping review after searching for synonyms using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) and DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors) tools. Results: We initially found 1.057 publications that underwent sequential screening until reaching a total of 16 articles, which achieved the scope of this research. Most articles are from the United States of America (50%), assessed a total of 860 medical students and 243 medical schools using different approaches regarding the teaching of nutrition. Final considerations: In this review, we have shown that despite several studies ratifying the well-established association between nutrition and prevention/treatment of diseases that require outpatient care, or at the hospital level, nutrition education in undergraduate medical school has not accompanied this evidence and, for many years, the subject has been underestimated. In Brazil, no studies were found on this topic with the used descriptors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279492.v1
title: Nutritional Education: a Gap in Medical Training

description: Abstract: Introduction: The role of nutrition in medicine has changed from a passive function, from an adjuvant therapy, to a proactive and sophisticated therapy that prevents various health problems and changes the natural history of the disease. Recent studies show up that medical education does not sufficiently and efficiently address the patient’s nutritional aspects, thus training physicians who are not confident in providing nutritional care to their patients. This study aimed to analyze and describe scientific studies that have evaluated nutrition education in medical schools, seeking within this context to find nutrition topics important for undergraduate medical education. Methods: This research was conducted through a cross-sectional, descriptive, scoping review after searching for synonyms using MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) and DeCS (Health Sciences Descriptors) tools. Results: We initially found 1.057 publications that underwent sequential screening until reaching a total of 16 articles, which achieved the scope of this research. Most articles are from the United States of America (50%), assessed a total of 860 medical students and 243 medical schools using different approaches regarding the teaching of nutrition. Final considerations: In this review, we have shown that despite several studies ratifying the well-established association between nutrition and prevention/treatment of diseases that require outpatient care, or at the hospital level, nutrition education in undergraduate medical school has not accompanied this evidence and, for many years, the subject has been underestimated. In Brazil, no studies were found on this topic with the used descriptors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279494
title: Global View of Academic Managers, Students and Teachers of a Medicine Course in the Southeast of Brazil on Sustainability and its Relationships with Health

description: Abstract: Introduction: In the face of changes in the socio-environmental, cultural, and technological spheres, the proposal of this study was to assess the knowledge of academic managers, teachers and students of an undergraduate Medicine course in the southeast of Brazil in relation to sustainability and its implications in the area of health. Methods: A case study was carried out combining qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The study included analysis of the course curriculum and lesson plans, interviews with academic managers and teachers, and a questionnaire for the students. The study categories were: concept of sustainability, importance for health, relationships between sustainability and health, and sustainability in the curriculum. Results: The participants are nearing an approach of weak sustainability, with the students showing the most reductionist perspective; whereby the relationship between sustainability and health are established through illnesses and/or quality of life, and the curriculum has limited inclusion of the perspective of sustainability. Conclusion: All the participants consider it important to include sustainability in health areas to improve the training of professionals and are willing to participate in activities for their own training and development of the approach. This suggestion points to a future curriculum assimilation project for sustainability at the institutional level, in which special attention should be paid to teacher training in relation to the development of the approach in their own classes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279497
title: Mental Health of Medical Students Submitted to Problem-Based Learning: Systematic Literature Review

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medical students are subjected to potentially stressful factors that can lead to psychological illness. Alternatives to traditional training methods, such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), can impact on students’ mental health. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of studies that evaluate the mental health of medical students submitted to the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method. Method: A highly sensitive search was carried out in the main scientific databases associated with mental health (Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, Regional Health Portal (VHL), Eric and EMBASE) with inclusion up to September 22, 2019. Indexed descriptions and identification terms were defined by specialists and evaluated by the information technology group of the StateUniversity of Pará. The inclusion criteria for the study search were: articles presented in full, written in any language, published in the period from 1998 to 2018, focusing on the mental health of medical students submitted to the PBLmethod. Articles that did not assess mental health, articles in which the sample was not submitted to PBL, andreview articleswere excluded. After selection, the articles were assessed twice by independent reviewers for risk of bias and quality of evidence using the ROBINS-I tool. Results: 1261 studies were identified, of which 1251 were excluded following the PRISMA protocol, leaving a final sample of ten articles, which were descriptively summarized.In general, studies have shown that PBL, compared to traditional teaching methods, promotes better academic performance, as well as stimulating practical activities, a fact that generates a certain degree of satisfaction. Conclusion: Medical students submitted to the PBL method are more likely to be associated with better learning outcomes and medical-scientific performance. However, better study designs, based on rigorous systematic methodologies are required in order to elucidate the benefits and harms of this educational methodology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279497.v1
title: Mental Health of Medical Students Submitted to Problem-Based Learning: Systematic Literature Review

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medical students are subjected to potentially stressful factors that can lead to psychological illness. Alternatives to traditional training methods, such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), can impact on students’ mental health. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of studies that evaluate the mental health of medical students submitted to the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method. Method: A highly sensitive search was carried out in the main scientific databases associated with mental health (Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, Regional Health Portal (VHL), Eric and EMBASE) with inclusion up to September 22, 2019. Indexed descriptions and identification terms were defined by specialists and evaluated by the information technology group of the StateUniversity of Pará. The inclusion criteria for the study search were: articles presented in full, written in any language, published in the period from 1998 to 2018, focusing on the mental health of medical students submitted to the PBLmethod. Articles that did not assess mental health, articles in which the sample was not submitted to PBL, andreview articleswere excluded. After selection, the articles were assessed twice by independent reviewers for risk of bias and quality of evidence using the ROBINS-I tool. Results: 1261 studies were identified, of which 1251 were excluded following the PRISMA protocol, leaving a final sample of ten articles, which were descriptively summarized.In general, studies have shown that PBL, compared to traditional teaching methods, promotes better academic performance, as well as stimulating practical activities, a fact that generates a certain degree of satisfaction. Conclusion: Medical students submitted to the PBL method are more likely to be associated with better learning outcomes and medical-scientific performance. However, better study designs, based on rigorous systematic methodologies are required in order to elucidate the benefits and harms of this educational methodology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279494.v1
title: Global View of Academic Managers, Students and Teachers of a Medicine Course in the Southeast of Brazil on Sustainability and its Relationships with Health

description: Abstract: Introduction: In the face of changes in the socio-environmental, cultural, and technological spheres, the proposal of this study was to assess the knowledge of academic managers, teachers and students of an undergraduate Medicine course in the southeast of Brazil in relation to sustainability and its implications in the area of health. Methods: A case study was carried out combining qualitative and quantitative research techniques. The study included analysis of the course curriculum and lesson plans, interviews with academic managers and teachers, and a questionnaire for the students. The study categories were: concept of sustainability, importance for health, relationships between sustainability and health, and sustainability in the curriculum. Results: The participants are nearing an approach of weak sustainability, with the students showing the most reductionist perspective; whereby the relationship between sustainability and health are established through illnesses and/or quality of life, and the curriculum has limited inclusion of the perspective of sustainability. Conclusion: All the participants consider it important to include sustainability in health areas to improve the training of professionals and are willing to participate in activities for their own training and development of the approach. This suggestion points to a future curriculum assimilation project for sustainability at the institutional level, in which special attention should be paid to teacher training in relation to the development of the approach in their own classes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279500
title: Brazilian Version of the Tool for Assessing Cultural Competence Training (TACCT): a Cultural Competence Model

description: Abstract: Introduction: To translate, adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Tool for Assessing Cultural Competence Training (TACCT) to Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: The TACCT items were transculturally adapted through several stages, namely: translation, reconciliation, backtranslation, revision of backtranslation, independent reviews, Delphi stage, pretest, and incorporation of the pretest results into the translation process. The final Portuguese version of the instrument was self-applied by 320 medical students. The scale accuracy was verified using reliability analysis. We employed confirmatory factor analysis to assess the construct validity and instrument dimensionality. Results: The final version of the TACCT was adequate, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the TACCT is valid and reliable, and it can be used to implement, review, and improve new curriculum content of Brazilian medical schools.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279500.v1
title: Brazilian Version of the Tool for Assessing Cultural Competence Training (TACCT): a Cultural Competence Model

description: Abstract: Introduction: To translate, adapt and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Tool for Assessing Cultural Competence Training (TACCT) to Brazilian Portuguese. Methods: The TACCT items were transculturally adapted through several stages, namely: translation, reconciliation, backtranslation, revision of backtranslation, independent reviews, Delphi stage, pretest, and incorporation of the pretest results into the translation process. The final Portuguese version of the instrument was self-applied by 320 medical students. The scale accuracy was verified using reliability analysis. We employed confirmatory factor analysis to assess the construct validity and instrument dimensionality. Results: The final version of the TACCT was adequate, and its validity and reliability were confirmed. Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the TACCT is valid and reliable, and it can be used to implement, review, and improve new curriculum content of Brazilian medical schools.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279504
title: Feelings of Medical Students and Resident Doctors Facing Death: a Systematic Review

description: Abstract: Introduction: Most professionals in the medical field will have to deal with the issue of death. This paper aims to describe the feelings of Brazilian medical students and resident doctors regarding end of life and death, as well as to understand how they experience their undergraduate training and specialization in dealing with this process. Method: This is a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA methodology, conducted between August and December 2019 with the descriptors “medical students” and “death,” in both English and Portuguese, in papers indexed in the Virtual Health Library (VHL). Results: 372 papers were identified in the search; 18 were published studies that met all the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Analysis of the articles concerning the feelings of medical students and resident doctors facing situations involving death revealed that most studies reported negative experiences, such as fear, insecurity, sadness, anger, and guilt. Despite the subjects and institutionalized strategies still being relatively new, it would seem that as their training and professional practice progress, the young doctors’ negative feelings are attenuated as they experience end-of-life and death situations more frequently, thus learning through observation and posture in these practical situations, seeing as death and dealing with it is part of everyday medical work. Conclusions: Medical students and medical residents in Brazil experience discomfort and difficulty in dealing with the processes of death and dying. To improve their preparedness in this respect, there is a consensus among them about the need to include the theoretical/practical disciplines of Thanatology, Palliative Care and medical psychology in the medical curriculum and to reformulate the content in order to approach the subject of death in a more practical context.