DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pg4f4qrp6
title: GIS rasters to identify sites for creating habitat for American Woodcock in Rhode Island

description: The University of Rhode Island has conducted several studies of habitat
 use of Scolopax minor (American Woodcock) in Rhode Island, USA. In 2020 we
 developed a new species distribution model (SDM) tool to identify
 sites in the Rhode Island where forest clearcutting to create young forest
 habitat would have the most positive effect for American woodcock. A
 typical SDM predicts the probability of presence (POP) of a species at any
 location based on an analysis of known occurrences and environmental
 variables, but it cannot predict how much the POP of a species would
 change after a new patch of young forest is created in any location. We
 believe that our new tool is effective, and that it will help
 landowners identify the best locations on their properties to
 improve woodcock habitat. We also believe that similar tools can be
 developed for other wildlife species of conservation concern. We created
 the new tool by modifying the existing 2018 SDM raster for American
 Woodcock in Rhode Island. Creating the tool involved creating four new
 ArcGIS raster datasets. The existing 2018 SDM raster and the four new
 rasters are now publicly available in a geodatabase in the Dryad
 repository.
description: We used Maxent 3.4.1 to
 create our new SDM tool, and ArcGIS Desktop 10.6 to store the output
 raster datasets in a geodatabase that can only opened with geographic information system
 (GIS) software. The geodatabase uploaded to Dryad
 (Woodcock_POP_2018_Rasters) contains five raster datasets that cover the
 entire state of Rhode Island. A brief description of the five rasters is
 provided below. We provide a detailed description of how we created our
 new SDM tool, and how the tool can be used, in the following journal
 article: <strong><strong>Bill Buffum, Roger Masse and Scott R. McWilliams (2021) Novel Use of Species Distribution Modeling to Identify High Priority Sites for American Woodcock Habitat Management. Northeastern Naturalist 28: p. 233-247</strong>.</strong> <strong>Woodcock_POP_2018:  </strong>This raster (10m pixels) shows the 2018 probability of presence for woodcock in RI. It  is based on Maxent modelling of three years woodcock location data, obtained by catching 68 woodcock in RI in the spring, attaching transmitters, and tracking their movements until August. The Maxent model was projected onto 2018 spatial data. <strong>Woodcock Upland POP 2018: </strong>This raster (50m pixels) shows the 2018 probability of presence for woodcock in RI. It is similar to Woodcock POP 2018, but it has 50m pixels and only includes upland forest areas which are suitable for clearcuts to create young forest habitat. <strong>Woodcock POP After Forest Mgt 2018: </strong>This raster (50m pixels) was the primary product of our new SDM tool.  It shows the predicted probability of presence for woodcock in RI if young forest habitat is created at any upland forest location in RI. <strong>Increase in Woodcock POP After Forest Mgt 2018: </strong>This raster (50m pixels) shows the predicted increase in probability of presence for woodcock in RI if young forest habitat is created at any site. It was produced by using raster calculator to subtract the POP values of Woodcock Upland POP 2018 from Woodcock POP After Forest Mgt 2018 <strong>Top Priority Sites for Forest Mgt 2018: </strong>This raster (50m pixels) shows the top priority (top 20% and top 40%) sites for creating young forest habitat for woodcock in Rhode Island. The top 20% sites include area where both the predicted POP increase after forest management and the predicted POP after forest management are in the top 20% class. The top 40% sites include areas where both the predicted POP increase after forest management and the predicted POP after forest management are in the top 40% range.
description: The ArcGIS raster datasets can only be viewed by using geographic information system (GIS)
 software such as ArcGIS Desktop or ArcGIS Pro (Environmental
 Systems Research Institute, Redlands, CA). The geodatabase, a compressed
 version of which is uploaded to Dryad, contains a total of 619 files, but
 when it is opened with GIS software, the five raster datasets will be
 visible and easily opened.