cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p1c3h
title: Data from: Epizoochorous dispersal by ungulates depends on fur, grooming and social interactions

description: The transport phase of the animal-mediated plant dispersal process is
 critical to dispersal effectiveness as it determines the spatial
 distribution of the diaspores released and their chance for further
 recruitment. Assessing this specific phase of the dispersal process
 generally requires combining diaspore retention times with the associated
 distances covered. Here, we specifically tested the effect of grooming
 behavior, interindividual contacts and ungulate fur on diaspore retention
 times and associated dispersal distances for the hooked diaspores of
 Xanthium strumarium L. experimentally attached to tamed individuals of
 three ungulate species. We used a comparative approach based on differing
 fur quality on different body zones of these three ungulates. During 6-hr
 sessions, we monitored for grooming and social interactions that may
 induce intended or inadvertent diaspore detachment. Additionally, we
 proposed innovative approaches to directly assessing diaspore dispersal
 distances by red deer in situ. Fat-tailed functions fitted diaspore
 retention time, highlighting the potential for long-distance dispersal
 events. The longer the hair, the higher the retention capacity of
 diaspores in the animal's fur. As predicted, donkey retained
 diaspores longer than red deer and dwarf goat; and we also confirmed that
 diaspores attached to the short hair of the head fell off more quickly
 than did those on the other body zones. Dwarf goat groomed more often than
 both red deer and donkey, but also when it carried diaspores. Up to 14% of
 the diaspores detached from animal fur after specific grooming behavior.
 We observed, in controlled conditions, for the first time and for each
 ungulate species, interindividual transfers of diaspores, representing 5%
 of the diaspores attached to animals’ fur. Our results militate for
 incorporating animal behavior into plant dispersal modeling approaches.
description: DatasetThis dataset comprises 3 sheets : 1) counts and causes of diaspore detachment per animal species 2) paired grooming monitoring data and 3) diaspore retention time and dispersal distance for the 756 monitored diaspores.Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d06j2
title: Data from: Seed fates in crop-wild hybrid sunflowers: crop allele and maternal effects

description: Domestication has resulted in selection upon seed traits found in wild
 populations, yet crop-wild hybrids retain some aspects of both parental
 phenotypes. Seed fates of germination, dormancy, and mortality can
 influence the success of crop allele introgression in crop-wild hybrid
 zones, especially if crop alleles or crop-imparted seed coverings result
 in out-of-season germination. We performed a seed burial experiment using
 crop, wild, and diverse hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus) cross types
 to test how a cross type's maternal parent and nuclear genetic
 composition might affect its fate under field conditions. We observed
 higher maladaptive fall germination in the crop- and F1- produced seeds
 than wild-produced seeds and, due to an interaction with percent crop
 alleles, fall germination was higher for cross types with more crop-like
 nuclear genetics. By spring, crop-produced cross types had the highest
 overwintering mortality, primarily due to higher fall germination. Early
 spring germination was identical across maternal types, but germination
 continued for F1-produced seeds. In conclusion, the more wild-like the
 maternal parent or the less proportion of the cross type's genome
 contributed by the crop, the greater likelihood a seed will remain
 ungerminated than die. Wild-like dormancy may facilitate introgression
 through future recruitment from the soil seed bank.
description: PaceSeedFatesEvoAppDryadDataFilePlot: Indicates plot number. Block: Indicates block number. #: Indicates strip number, 1-45. S#: Indicates compartment number within strip, 1-15. Removal: 1=Late Fall, 2=Early Spring, 3=Spring. Prop_crop: % crop alleles in each cross type. Cross: cross type identifying name. Mat: Maternal parent of cross type. Pat: Paternal parent of cross type. Q_able: counted dead, R3 only. #peek: open achenes, not yet technically germinated. #_germ: # germinated seeds. #germB: # germinated seeds, but with slight browning, indicating earlier germination date. Total_germ: #_germ + #germB. #_in_GC: # of seeds removed from strip and placed in growth chamber (GC). GC_g’d1: germinated seeds at first census. GC_g’d2: germinated seeds at second census. TZ: # seed put into tetrazolium chloride for viability testing. TZ_d: # seed found to be dormant by TZ test. TZ_DEAD: # seed found to be dead by TZ test. #dormant: figure used for “total ungerminated” in text. iDead: initial dead seed out of the burial strip. GC_Dead: seed determined to be dead in the growth chamber. Dead_Total: iDead + TZ Dead + GC_Dead. FG’d: Seeds determined to have germinated in the Fall, after the Late Fall date. Mt: empty achenes—never fertilized. Total: seeds – mt seeds.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5v3srg
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 289 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((148.68308 -53.16649,204.95717 -53.16649,204.95717 -30.66649,148.68308 -30.66649,148.68308 -53.16649))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Eurhynchium praelongum"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 289 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000902-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6tt0h5s
title: Data from: Heart rate during hyperphagia differs between two bear species

description: Hyperphagia is a critical part of the yearly cycle of bears when they gain
 fat reserves before entering hibernation. We used heart rate as a proxy to
 compare the metabolic rate between the Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus)
 in Japan and the Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos) in Sweden from summer
 in to hibernation. In the hyperphagic period, black bears feed on fat- and
 carbohydrate-rich hard masts whereas brown bears feed on sugar-rich
 berries. Availability of hard masts has quantitative and spatial annual
 fluctuations, which might require increased activity and result in
 intraspecific stress. Using generalized additive mixed models we analyze
 the differences in heart rate between the two species. Black bears had
 decreased heart rates during summer but had doubled heart rate values
 throughout the hyperphagic period compared to brown bears. This letter
 illustrates different physiological consequences of seasonal differences
 in food availability in two species of the same genus dealing with the
 same phenological challenge.
description: Daily mean heart rate of
 three asian black bears and four brown bearsHeart rate from three,
 free-ranging, female Asian black bears from Ashio, Japan and from four,
 free-ranging, female brown bears from Dalarna, Sweden. Data starts in mid
 May and ends in December. Object_ID is the unique ID of the bears.
 HeartRate is the daily mean heart rate in bpm GMT_date is the date for the
 mean heart rate. DenningDay is the day of the year the bear entered
 hibernation. BodyMass is the mass of the bear in kg. PrDenDay is the time
 difference of the GMT_date to the DenningDay in days. Species indicates
 the bear species.yradDataHyperphagia.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4ch3q
title: Data from: The rate of seasonal changes in temperature alters acclimation of performance under climate change

description: How the ability to acclimate will impact individual performance and
 ecological interactions under climate change remains poorly understood.
 Theory predicts that the benefit an organism can gain from acclimating
 depends on the rate at which temperatures change relative to the time it
 takes to induce beneficial acclimation. Here, we present a conceptual
 model showing how slower seasonal changes under climate change can alter
 species’ relative performance when they differ in acclimation rate and
 magnitude. To test predictions from theory, we performed a microcosm
 experiment where we reared a mid- and a high-latitude damselfly species
 alone or together under the rapid seasonality currently experienced at
 62°N and the slower seasonality predicted for this latitude under climate
 change and measured larval growth and survival. To separate acclimation
 effects from fixed thermal responses, we simulated growth trajectories
 based on species’ growth rates at constant temperatures and quantified how
 much and how fast species needed to acclimate to match the observed growth
 trajectories. Consistent with our predictions, the results showed that the
 midlatitude species had a greater capacity for acclimation than the
 high-latitude species. Furthermore, since acclimation occurred at a slower
 rate than seasonal temperature changes, the midlatitude species had a
 small growth advantage over the high-latitude species under the current
 seasonality but a greater growth advantage under the slower seasonality
 predicted for this latitude under climate change. In addition, the two
 species did not differ in survival under the current seasonality, but the
 midlatitude species had higher survival under the predicted climate change
 scenario, possibly because rates of cannibalism were lower when smaller
 heterospecifics were present. These findings highlight the need to
 incorporate acclimation rates in ecological models.
description: growthdataData on the growth of damselfly larvae when reared in microcosms under seasonally fluctuating temperatures. Growth is measured as larval headwidths (in mm) at the age of 0, 42, 84 and 136 days.mortalitydataData on the survival of damsefly larvae when reared together or alone in microcosms under seasonally fluctuating temperatures. Survival is measured as the number of individuals alive on day 136 of the experiment.temp_treatmentsTemperature treatments used in the microcosms experiment on damselfly larvae. The two treatments mimic the temperature seasonality currently experienced at the sampled sites, and that predicted for these sites under climate change. Temperatures are given as the water temperature experienced in the microcosms on each day of the experiment.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pk8997k0
title: Data from: Forest fragmentation genetics in a formerly widespread island endemic tree: Vateriopsis seychellarum (Dipterocarpaceae)

description: Habitat fragmentation and changed land use have seriously reduced
 population size in many tropical forest tree species. Formerly widespread
 species with limited gene flow may be particularly vulnerable to the
 negative genetic effects of forest fragmentation and small population
 size. Vateriopsis seychellarum (Dipterocarpaceae) is a formerly widespread
 canopy tree of the Seychelles, but is now reduced to 132 adult individuals
 distributed in eleven sites. Using ten microsatellite loci, a genetic
 inventory of all adult trees and a sample of 317 progeny, we demonstrate
 that despite its restricted range, overall genetic diversity was
 relatively high (HE: 0.56). The juvenile cohort, however, had
 significantly lower allelic richness (adults RS: 3.91; juveniles RS: 2.83)
 and observed heterozygosity than adult trees (adults HO: 0.62; juveniles
 HO: 0.48). Rare alleles were fewer and kinship between individuals was
 stronger in juveniles. Significant fine-scale spatial genetic structure
 was observed in remnant adults, and parentage analysis indicated that more
 than 90% of sampled progeny disperse &lt;25 m and pollen dispersed
 &lt;50 m. The molecular data confirmed that two populations were
 derived entirely from self-fertilized offspring from a single surviving
 mother tree. These populations produce viable offspring. Despite this
 extreme genetic bottleneck, self-compatibility may provide V. seychellarum
 with some resistance to the genetic consequences of habitat fragmentation,
 at least in the short term. We discuss our findings in the context of
 other rare and threatened dipterocarp species which are vulnerable to
 mis-management of genetic resources and population fragmentation.
description: Dryad_RawData_AFingerMicrosatellite and GPS data of adult and seedling individuals.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f7t62
title: Data from: Mating system and effective population size of the overexploited Neotropical tree (Myroxylon peruiferum L.f.) and their impact on seedling production

description: The reproductive system of a tree species has substantial impact on
 genetic diversity and structure within and among natural populations. Such
 information, should be considered when planning tree planting for forest
 restoration. Here, we describe the mating system and genetic diversity of
 an overexploited Neotropical tree, Myroxylon peruiferum L.f. (Fabaceae)
 sampled from a forest remnant (10 seed trees and 200 seeds) and assess
 whether the effective population size of nursery-grown seedlings (148
 seedlings) is sufficient to prevent inbreeding depression in reintroduced
 populations. Genetic analyses were performed based on eight microsatellite
 loci. M. peruiferum presented a mixed mating system with evidence of
 biparental inbreeding ( tm-ts = 0.118). We found low levels of genetic
 diversity for M. peruiferum species (allelic richness: 1.40 to 4.82;
 expected heterozygosity: 0.29 to 0.52). Based on Ne(v) within progeny, we
 suggest a sample size of 47 seed trees to achieve an effective population
 size of 100. The effective population sizes for the nursey-grown seedlings
 were much smaller ( Ne = 27.54 to 34.86) than that recommended for short
 term ( Ne ≥ 100) population conservation. Therefore, to obtain a
 reasonable genetic representation of native tree species and prevent
 problems associated with inbreeding depression, seedling production for
 restoration purposes may require a much larger sampling effort than is
 currently used, a problem that is further complicated by species with a
 mixed mating system. This study emphasizes the need to integrate species
 reproductive biology into seedling production programs and connect
 conservation genetics with ecological restoration.
description: Genotyping Data of the
 Myroxylon peruiferumGenotyping data of the
 mating system and seedlings of an overexploited Neotropical tree. We fist
 assessed the mating system of Myroxylon peruiferum in a forest remnant
 population found in the Caetetus Ecological Station, São Paulo State,
 southeastern Brazil. We further selected four forest nurseries that supply
 seedlings to restoration in the municipalities of Penápolis, Capão Bonito,
 Socorro and Ibaté. We used any abbreviations: COD – individual code;
 FAMLAB – family label; and NURLAB – nursery label.Genotyping
 Data.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g7m7c70
title: Data from: Effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance and rainfall on the specialization of ant-plant mutualistic networks in the Caatinga, a Brazilian dry forest

description: 1. Anthropogenic disturbance and climate change might negatively affect
 the ecosystem services provided by mutualistic networks. However, the
 effects of such forces remain poorly characterized. They may be especially
 important in dry forests, which (1) experience chronic anthropogenic
 disturbances (CADs) as human populations exploit forest resources and (2)
 are predicted to face a 22% decline in rainfall under climate change. 2.
 In this study, we investigated the separate and combined effects of CADs
 and rainfall levels on the specialization of mutualistic networks in the
 Caatinga, a seasonally dry tropical forest typical of northeastern Brazil.
 More specifically, we examined interactions between plants bearing
 extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) and ants. We analyzed whether differences in
 network specialization could arise from environmentally mediated variation
 in the species composition, namely via the replacement of specialist by
 generalist species. 3. We characterized these ant-plant networks in 15
 plots (20 x 20 m) that varied in CAD intensity and mean annual rainfall.
 We quantified CAD intensity by calculating three indices related to the
 main sources of disturbance in the Caatinga: livestock grazing (LG), wood
 extraction (WE), and miscellaneous resource use (MU). We determined the
 degree of ant-plant network specialization using four metrics: generality,
 vulnerability, interaction evenness, and H2’. 4. Our results indicate that
 CADs differentially influenced network specialization: we observed
 positive, negative, and neutral responses along LG, MU, and WE gradients,
 respectively. The pattern was most pronounced with LG. Rainfall also
 shaped network specialization, markedly increasing it. While LG and
 rainfall were associated with changes in network species composition, this
 trend was not related to the degree of species specialization. This result
 suggests that shifts in network specialization might be related to changes
 in species behavior, not species composition. 5. Our study highlights the
 vulnerability of such dry forest ant-plant networks to climate change.
 Moreover, dry forests experience highly heterogeneous anthropogenic
 disturbances, creating a geographic mosaic of selective forces that may
 shape the coevolution of interactions between ants and EFN-bearing plants.
description: DRYAD_dataDataset: dataset used to build networks between ant and plants bearing extrafloral nectaries. Info_aboutplots: information about rainfall and the intensity of disturbance that corresponds to the main sources of chronic anthropogenic disturbances. Networkmetric_info: Information about the degree of specialization between ant and plants bearing extrafloral nectaries from different observed and null-model metrics
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3372j
title: Data from: Trends in shell fragmentation as evidence of mid- Paleozoic changes in marine predation

description: Recent observations indicate that shell fragmentation can be a useful tool
 in assessing crushing predation in marine communities. However, criteria
 for recognizing shell breakage caused by durophagous predators versus
 physical factors are still not well established. Here, we provide data
 from tumbling and aquarium experiments to argue that physical and biotic
 processes lead to different patterns of shell damage, specifically that
 angular shell fragments are good indicators of durophagous predation.
 Using such angular shell fragments as a predation proxy, we analyze data
 from 57 European Paleozoic localities spanning the Ordovician through the
 Mississippian. Our results reveal a significant increase in angular shell
 fragments (either occurring as isolated valves or present in
 regurgitalites) in the Mississippian. The timing of this increase is
 coincident with the increased diversity of crushing predators as well as
 marked anti- predatory changes in the architecture and mode of life of
 invertebrate prey observed after the end-Devonian Hangenberg extinction
 (359 Ma). More specifically, the observed trend in shell fragmentation
 constitutes strong and independent confirmation of a recently suggested
 end-Devonian changeover in the primary method of fish predation from
 shearing to crushing. These results also highlight the important effect of
 extinction events, not only on taxonomic diversity, but also on the nature
 of predator-prey interactions.
description: Supplementary table
 1.-Investigated fossil localities.Angular shell fragments:
 absent or exceedingly rare (-); present (+); abundant
 (++).Gorzelak_SOM.doc
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cp3d8
title: Data from: Azithromycin-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in Guangzhou, China (2009–2013): coevolution with decreased susceptibilities to ceftriaxone and genetic characteristics

description: Background: The recent emergence of azithromycin-resistant (AZM-R) N.
 gonorrhoeae isolates that have coevolved decreased susceptibility to
 extended-spectrum cephalosporins has caused great concern. Here we
 investigated the prevalence of decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone
 (CROD) in AZM-R isolates and genetically characterized AZM-R isolates in
 Guangzhou, China from 2009 to 2013. Methods: The minimum inhibitory
 concentration (MIC) of AZM and ceftriaxone was determined using an
 agar-dilution method. All AZM-R isolates were screened for mutations in
 23S rRNA, mtrR and penA genes and genotyped using N. gonorrhoeae
 multi-antigen sequence typing (NG-MAST). Results: Of the 485 identified N.
 gonorrhoeae isolates, 445 (91.8%) were isolated from male urethritis
 subjects, and 77 (15.9%) were AZM-R (MIC ≥ 1 mg/L), including 33 (6.8%)
 with AZM low-level resistant (AZM-LLR, MIC = 1 mg/L) and 44 (9.1%) with
 AZM middle-level resistant (AZM-MLR, MIC ≥ 2 mg/L). Significantly more
 CROD (MIC ≥ 0.125 mg/L) showed in AZM-MLR isolates (43.2%, 19/44) as
 compared with that in AZM-LLR isolates (18.2%, 6/33) (p &lt; 0.05).
 For the 23S rRNA, mtrR, penA or combined 23S rRNA/MtrR/penA mutations, no
 significant difference was found between AZM-LLR isolates and AZM-MLR
 isolates (P &gt; 0.05); similar results were detected between combined
 AZM-LLR/CROD isolates and combined AZM-MLR/CROD isolates (P &gt;
 0.05). No mutation A2059G or AZM high-level resistant (AZM-HLR, MIC ≥ 256
 mg/L) isolate was detected. Among 77 AZM-R isolates, 67 sequence types
 (STs) were identified by NG-MAST, of which 30 were novel. Most STs were
 represented by a single isolate. Conclusions: The AZM-R together CROD
 isolates are now present in Guangzhou, China, which deserve continuous
 surveillance and the mechanism of concurrent resistance needs further
 study.
description: The sequencing data of
 porB, tbpB, 23S rRNA, mtrR and penA genesThe sequencing data of
 porB, tbpB, 23S rRNA, mtrR and penA genes in Neisseria
 gonorrhoeae
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5gk8j
title: Data from: Bats perceptually weight prey cues across sensory systems when hunting in noise

description: Anthropogenic noise can interfere with environmental information
 processing and thereby reduce survival and reproduction. Receivers of
 signals and cues in particular depend on perceptual strategies to adjust
 to noisy conditions. We found that predators that hunt using prey sounds
 can reduce the negative impact of noise by making use of prey cues
 conveyed through additional sensory systems. In the presence of masking
 noise, but not in its absence, frog-eating bats preferred and were faster
 in attacking a robotic frog emitting multiple sensory cues. The behavioral
 changes induced by masking noise were accompanied by an increase in active
 localization through echolocation. Our findings help to reveal how animals
 can adapt to anthropogenic noise and have implications for the role of
 sensory ecology in driving species interactions.
description: Dryad-data_24-8-2016data file contains behavioral measurements and echolocation measurements obtained from bats hunting frog models under different noise regimes.