cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288132.v1
title: Yield potential of super sweet corn genotypes in progressive : breeding stages

description: ABSTRACT. This study aimed to present the advancements in different breeding stages of super sweet corn (SS), from heterotic field corn populations to the single-cross of SS. Two parental field corn populations, four backcrossed SS populations, four SS intervarietal hybrids (SS-IH), eighteen SS single hybrids (SS-SCH) and two controls were evaluated in two environments over two crop years. The SS-IH and SS-SCH categories presented the highest ear yield, and SS-SCH presented the highest ear yield without husk (11.3 t ha-1). Although SS-SCH was the most productive category, it presented the lowest husk coverage quality. The ear yield and husk cover traits expressed the highest heterosis based on the midparents. The hybrid genotype categories (SS-SCH, SS-IH and controls) had the greatest ear length and diameter, as well as plant and ear height. It was possible to conclude that the techniques used to exploit heterosis are efficient in increasing SS yield but not husk coverage, since this trait requires productive parents. Single-crosses, such as LCSH-116 x LP8HS-129 and LCSH-116 x LP8HS-130, stood out as promising genotypes for registration since they recorded high husk coverage yield and quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288130.v1
title: Genetic diversity and population structure of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) accessions by means of microsatellites markers

description: ABSTRACT. The success of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) breeding programs depends on the choice of productive parent lines that have a high industrial yield and are genetically divergent. This study assessed the genetic divergence and population structure of sugarcane accessions that are the parents of the RB05 Series of the Sugarcane Breeding Program of Brazil. The DNA of 82 accessions was evaluated using 36 simple sequence repeat markers. The Jaccard similarity coefficient and Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean clustering method were used to generate a cluster that was divided into 17 distinct groups derived from probabilistic models. The similarity coefficient used in both cases showed that the degree of similarity varied from 0.4716 (RB971551 x RB965586) to 0.9526 (RB936001 x SP89-1115), with a mean of 0.8536. This result demonstrates a high similarity between the 82 accessions and confirms Wright’s F statistic (0.125), which indicates moderate genetic variability. The less-similar crosses suggest that breeders seek a higher number of crosses using cultivar RB965586, highlighting the RB971551 x RB965586 and RB965586 x RB855511 crosses. The results demonstrate that crosses such as RB936001 x SP89-1115 and RB945954 x RB896342 should be avoided because of their high genetic similarity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288127.v1
title: Repeatability coefficients and number of measurements for evaluating traits in strawberry

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to estimate the coefficient of repeatability and the number of measurements required for production and quality variables in a strawberry crop. An experiment was conducted with two strawberry cultivars from two origins grown in four substrate mixtures, totaling 16 treatments, evaluated in a randomized block design with four replications. Mass (MF) and number (NF) of fruits per plant were evaluated as measures of production, and total soluble solids (SST), titratable acidity (AT) and firmness (FIR) of fruits during the crop cycle were evaluated as measures of quality. Subsequently, the repeatability coefficient was estimated by the following methods: analysis of variance (ANOVA), principal component analysis using a correlation matrix (PCcor), principal component analysis using a variance-covariance matrix (PCcov) and structural analysis (SA). The number of measurements was adjusted for each studied variable based on determination coefficients of 0.80, 0.85, 0.90, and 0.95. The repeatability coefficients ranged from low to medium. The ANOVA method gave the lowest r values, while the PCcov method presented the highest values of r. When using the PCcov method, 3.6, 2.9, 6.2, 3.2, and 3.8 measurements were needed to reach 80% confidence for the variables MF, NF, SST, AT, and FIR, respectively, and this increased to 7.3, 14.0, 29.6, 15.4, and 18.1 for 95% confidence in the results for MF, NF, SST, AT, and FIR, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288126.v1
title: Bell pepper production under saline stress and fertigation with different K+/Ca2+ ratios in a protected environment

description: ABSTRACT. Bell peppers are sensitive to salinity; therefore, it is necessary to find alternatives to reduce saline stress. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil, to evaluate the effects of salinity and K+/Ca2+ ratios on bell pepper production. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme with four replicates, corresponding to five K+/Ca2+ ratios (F1 = 3.3/1, F2 = 2.8/1, F3 = 2.2/1, F4 = 1.8/1, and F5 = 1.5/1) and four salinity levels in the nutrient solution using NaCl (1.75, 3.25, 4.75, and 6.25 dS m-1). The following parameters were evaluated: the number of fruits (total, marketable and unmarketable), the mean weight of fruits (marketable and unmarketable), fruit production (total, marketable and percentage of marketable fruits) and a salinity tolerance index. Generally, nutrient solution enrichment with K+ or Ca2+ did not cause significant increments in bell pepper yield. The fertigation treatments F2, F3, and F5 led to a higher bell pepper tolerance to salinity, allowing waters with higher salt concentrations to be used without causing a reduction in the yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288125.v1
title: Mineral supplementation of soybean seeds with different initial nutrient levels

description: ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of the chemical composition of soybean seeds and the efficiency of seed mineral supplementation on physiological quality and field performance. Two seed lots (high and low levels of mineral nutrition), with or without supplemental macro- and micronutrients, of three soybean cultivars (BMX Potência RR, BMX Turbo RR, and BMX Magna RR) were used. For the laboratory experiment, a completely randomized design with four replications was used. To evaluate the physiological quality of the seeds, the water content, first count, germination, 1,000-seed weight, and length and dry weight of the seedling were determined. For the field experiment, a randomized block design with four replications was used, and seedling emergence and grain yield were evaluated. Seeds with higher nutrient content produced seedlings of greater vigor and higher grain yield for all of the cultivars studied. The use of mineral supplementation in seed lots with low nutrient content resulted in greater vigor under laboratory conditions. The increase in grain yield after mineral supplementation depends on the quality of the seed lot.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288123.v1
title: Screening common bean germplasm for resistance to genetically diverse Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates from Argentina

description: ABSTRACT. White mold caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is a devastating disease that affects the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) crop worldwide. In Argentina, white mold has been detected in all bean production areas, reaching seed yield and quality losses up to 100% on susceptible common bean cultivars under favorable weather conditions. The aim of this study was to screen the physiological resistance of 20 common bean accessions to five genetically distinct isolates of S. sclerotiorum collected from the main common bean growing area of Argentina, using the greenhouse straw test. The white mold reaction was scored at 7, 14, and 21 days post-inoculation using a 1 (no disease symptoms) to 9 (severely diseased or dead plants) scale and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was determined. Highly significant differences (p &lt; 0.001) were observed between isolates, accessions and genotype x isolate interaction at the three evaluations dates. All cultivars and lines were susceptible at the end of the assessment, except line A 195 which was resistant to white mold against the five isolates tested and was significantly different from all accessions. This work represents a valuable contribution to regional breeding programmes aimed to obtain cultivars with durable resistance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288122.v1
title: Trait selection using procrustes analysis for the study of genetic diversity in Conilon coffee

description: ABSTRACT. Trait selection is occasionally necessary to save money and time, as well as accelerate breeding program processes. This study aimed to propose two criteria to select traits based on a Procrustes analysis that are poorly explored in genetic breeding: Criterion 1 (backward algorithm) and Criterion 2 (exhaustive algorithm). Then, these two criteria were further compared with Jolliffe’s criterion, which has often been used to select traits in genetic diversity studies. Sixteen agronomic traits were considered, and 40 Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) accessions were evaluated. This study showed that the flexibility in selecting traits by researcher preference, graphical visualization, and Procrustes M2 tatistic through criteria 1 and 2 is a fast and reliable alternative for decision-making. These decisions are based on the removal and addition of traits for phenotyping in studies of Conilon coffee diversity that can be applied to other crops. Other relevant aspects of selection traits criteria were also discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288120.v1
title: Analysis of static and dynamic capacity in Paraná State, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT. This study had two objectives - firstly, to analyze the total static and dynamic capacity of agricultural storage in Paraná State, Brazil and secondly, to verify if the storage followed the growth of grain production. The study was performed by mesoregion for the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 crop years. The methodology used was descriptive from an agricultural database of the Secretariat of Agriculture and Supply (SEAB), of the National Register System of Storage Units (SICARM), interviews were also made with agroindustrial cooperatives and official agencies. It was identified that in Paraná State there is an insufficiency of 17.75% of total static capacity of warehouses to comply with the total grain production (soybean, 1st and 2nd corn crops, and wheat). The results showed that the total dynamic capacity of warehouses is sufficient in the mesoregions of Eastern Center, Southern Center, Northern Center, and Metropolitan. Therefore, storage units vary uniformly in most municipalities, not following the growth of total grain production in the state of Paraná.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288117.v1
title: Estimates of genetic parameters and path analysis of crambe: An important oil plant for biofuel production

description: ABSTRACT. Crambe is an oilseed plant producing oil that can be used for various industrial purposes, including the production of biofuel. It is a short-cycle, non-food plant that can be grown as a second crop following soybean or corn crops and using the same agricultural machinery. This work aimed to estimate genetic parameters and correlations between traits of genotypes grown for two years in seven locations in two Brazilian states. The cultivar FMS Brilhante and the lines CR 1101, CR 1102, CR 1105, CR 1202, CR 1303, and CR 1304 were used. The traits evaluated were grain yield (YD), plant height (PH), stem diameter (SD), first fruiting branch height (BH), 1,000-seed weight (SW), and number of branches (NB). The correlations between traits were identified from the phenotypic covariance matrix through path analysis. Based on the joint analysis, the interaction of genotypes x years x locations was observed. Expressive genetic variability was verified for all evaluated traits, which allows gains to be made with the selection of genotypes. High broad-sense heritabilities based on plot means were verified for YD, BH, and SW (82, 84 and 77%, respectively), which indicates the possibility of directly selecting them. SW and SD showed the greatest direct effects and strongest correlations with YD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288115.v1
title: Multiple resistance of Conyza sumatrensis to three mechanisms of action of herbicides

description: ABSTRACT. Fleabane (Conyza spp.) is an important weed in grain production systems and is currently one of the most problematic weeds in Brazil. An important factor related to weeds such as fleabane is the characteristic of herbicide-resistant biotypes developed under selection pressure, with multiple resistance previously detected for Conyza spp. Thus, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the multiple resistance of Conyza sumatrensis to the herbicides paraquat, glyphosate, and chlorimuron. From the F2 seeds of biotypes with suspected resistance to paraquat, glyphosate, and chlorimuron, dose-response greenhouse experiments were conducted for the three herbicides. Herbicides were applied when the plants had 6-8 leaves that were at a height of 8 cm. At the end of the evaluations, 28 days after application, multiple resistance to paraquat, glyphosate, and chlorimuron was observed, with resistance factors (RF50) for the control of 7.43, 3.58, and 14.35 and for the reduction of dry mass of 2.65, 2.79, and 11.31, respectively. All the established criteria for demonstrating new cases of weed resistance were met; thus, the first case worldwide of a Conyza species with resistance to herbicides with three different mechanisms of action was confirmed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288112.v1
title: Resistance to Enneothrips flavens Moulton and genetic parameters estimation in interspecific genotypes of peanut

description: ABSTRACT. Peanut is an oilseed crop of great importance for Brazilian agribusiness. A major factor affecting its production is pest incidence, mainly thrips. This study aimed to evaluate the potential for resistance to Enneothrips flavens in genotypes derived from the cross between IAC 503 and the amphidiploid (A. magna x A. cardenasii)4x and to estimate the genetic and phenotype parameters in these genotypes, allowing for better targeting in the selection. The experiments were conducted in a Federer augmented block design with additional checks in two generations (F3 and F4). Resistance to thrips was evaluated by its natural infestation and the symptoms of attacks by the insect. They were also evaluated using agronomic trait indicators of interspecific segregating with cultivated species. The results indicated that the selected progeny exhibited high resistance to thrips compared to commercial genotypes, and they had the amphidiploid as the insect resistance source. Some progenies selected as resistant also had good production traits, but with the degree of suitability to the A. hypogaea L. genotypes still low, the use of a backcross as an alternative for the introgression of resistance genes and the consequent recovery of adapted genotypes of superior recurring parents is suggested.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288111.v1
title: Temporal stability of soil moisture under effect of three spacings in a eucalyptus stand

description: ABSTRACT. Soil moisture temporal variability is an important concept in understanding forest management. The objective of this study was to analyse the effect of planting density on soil profile moisture in a clonal Eucalyptus plantation. Soil moisture was observed every 15 days at 25 points distributed throughout the eucalyptus stand between November 2013 and October 2015 to characterize the moisture according to the following three types of spacings: 3 x 2, 3 x 3, and 3 x 5 m. At each point, the 0 - 10, 10 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 40, and 60 - 100 cm layers were evaluated using a Profile Probe PR2 model. Soil moisture showed high spatial variability in the 0 - 10 cm layer, whereas from 30 to 100 cm deep, the moisture tended to become more homogeneous throughout the area. The dry periods presented greater temporal soil moisture stability when compared to the rainy seasons. The 3 x 2 m spacing has greater temporal soil moisture stability when compared to the others, while the 3 x 3 m spacing presented greater temporal variability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288109.v1
title: Relationship between manganese toxicity and waterlogging tolerance in Zea mays L. cv. Saracura

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between excess manganese and waterlogging tolerance in 18th selection cycle Zea mays L. cv. Saracura plants. Maize plants were transferred to plastic receptacles containing solutions with different concentrations of manganese. Leaves and roots were evaluated at the beginning of treatment and after 7, 14, and 21 days for chlorophyll content, biomass production and antioxidant metabolism. Mn was strongly translocated from the roots to the leaves, triggering a decrease in chlorophyll content. Excess Mn promoted an increase in reactive oxygen species that was accompanied by higher levels of antioxidative enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation. Zea mays L. cv. Saracura efficiently sequestered relatively large amounts of Mn in the leaves, with a significant impact on metabolism; however, we did not observe visual symptoms or a large decrease in biomass production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288106.v1
title: Extractant efficiency in the solubilization of alternative sources of potassium

description: ABSTRACT. Knowledge of a rock's composition allows for inferences regarding several properties, ranging from its physical characteristics to its solubility. This study aimed to evaluate the use of different extractants to solubilize the K present in rocks as a potential source of nutrients and the effects of extractant contact time and temperature on rock solubilization. Samples of two rocks and a mineral concentrated from a granitic rock were treated with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4(H2PO4)), calcium dihydrogen phosphate (Ca(H2PO4)2), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and water (control). Sample-extractant treatments were performed using a water bath shaker at temperatures of 25 and 50°C for periods of 3, 7, 10, 20, and 30 days. The amounts of K extracted from rocks using the extractants were in the following order: NH4H2PO4&gt;Ca(HPO4)2&gt;NaOH&gt;water. The sequence of K release (ppm) based on the rocks studied was as follows: nepheline syenite&gt;green banded argillite&gt;concentrated biotite. Increasing the extractant contact time and temperature enhanced the solubilized K content.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288105.v1
title: Rhizobia inoculation and liming increase cowpea productivity in Maranhão State

description: ABSTRACT. The objetives of the study were to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of strains approved as inoculants for cowpea and of three new strains under selection, as well as to evaluate the influence of liming on the symbiosis and productivity. Two field experiments were conducted using cowpea (BRS Guariba) from June to September 2013. In the first experiment, a completely randomized block experimental design was used, with four replicates and seven treatments (INPA03-11B, UFLA03-84, UFLA03-153, UFLA03-154, UFLA03-164 and two controls). In the second experiment, a 7 x 2 factorial design was used, with the above described treatments being the first factor and liming as the second factor. Parameters evaluated were: nodule dry matter, shoot dry matter, shoot N content and accumulation, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds, grain yield and grain N content and accumulation. Strains UFLA03-153 and UFLA03-164 were more efficient for cowpea inoculation than the strains approved as inoculants, UFLA03-84 and INPA03-11B. Although the tested rhizobia strains and cultivar BRS Guariba are tolerant to soil acidity, productivity washigher when soil was limed. Yields obtained with fertilized and inoculated treatments were well above Maranhão state average.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288102.v1
title: Vegetative growth of Conilon coffee plants under two water conditions in the Atlantic region of Bahia State, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT. Extreme temperatures and persistent water stress stand out among the main factors that restrict the vegetative growth and productivity of Coffea canephora. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative growth of orthotropic and plagiotropic branches of C. canephora under non-irrigated and irrigated conditions, and their correlation with climatic factors in the Atlantic region of Bahia State, Brazil. The experiment was established with two treatments (non-irrigated and irrigated) in a completely random design with 14 replicates. One orthotropic and four plagiotropic branches were labelled on each plant. During the two-year experimental period, the growth of these branches was evaluated at 14-day intervals. Two harvests were performed to obtain productivity data. In summary, it was confirmed that irrigation resulted in an increased productivity of Conilon coffee in the Atlantic region of Bahia, Brazil. The growth rate of the orthotropic and plagiotropic branches was higher in irrigated plants. The growth rate of the plagiotropic branches was limited by the fruit load capacity. The growth rate of C. canephora branches was not limited by the minimum average air temperature in the Atlantic region of Bahia, Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288101.v1
title: Mutation of Trp-574-Leu ALS gene confers resistance of radish biotypes to iodosulfuron and imazethapyr herbicides

description: ABSTRACT. Acetolactate synthase inhibitors are the main group of herbicides used in winter crops in Southern Brazil where their intensive use has selected for herbicide-resistant biotypes of radish. The resistance affects the efficacy of herbicides, and identifying the resistance mechanism involved is important for defining management strategies. The aim of this study was to elucidate the resistance mechanism of radish biotypes by quantifying the enzyme activity, ALS gene sequencing and evaluating the response of biotypes to iodosulfuron and imazethapyr herbicide application after treatment with a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase inhibitor. The susceptible (B1) and resistant (B4 and B13) biotypes were from wheat fields in the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul State. The results demonstrated that the enzyme affinity for the substrate (KM) was not affected in biotypes B4 and B13 but that the Vmax of the resistant biotypes was higher than that of biotype B1. The resistant biotypes showed no differential metabolic response to iodosulfuron and imazethapyr herbicides when inhibited by malathion and piperonyl butoxide. However, gene sequencing of ALS showed a mutation at position 574, with an amino acid substitution of tryptophan for leucine (Trp-574-Leu) in resistant biotypes.