cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14328820
title: Development of fast dispersing tablets of nebivolol: experimental and computational approaches to study formulation characteristics

description: Formulation of FDT (fast dispersing tablets) of nebivolol was optimized and evaluated using simplex lattice design (SLD). The influence of type and concentration of three disintegrants viz.,Ac-Di-Sol, Primojel and Polyplasdone XL on hardness, friability and disintegration time of tablet was studied. Response surface plot and the polynomial equations were used to evaluate influence of polymer on the tablet properties. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, and a p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results reveal that fibrous integrity and optimal degree of substitution in Primojel and Ac-Di-Sol are mainly responsible for the hardness of the tablet. Use of Polyplasdone in higher percentage in tablet formulation may result in high friability. Increase in concentration of Ac-Di-Sol increases the disintegration time but increased concentration of Primojel in the tablet formulation decreases the disintegration time. This is also evident from model terms for disintegration time with a high 'F' value of 14.69 and 'p' value of 0.0031 (&lt;0.05). The reason could be that Primojel has higher swelling properties and an optimum hydration capacity, which favors fast disintegration of a tablet. In conclusion, careful selection of disintegrant for FDT could improve their properties. Use of Simplex Lattice Design for formulation development could simplify the formulation process and reduce the production cost.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14328820.v1
title: Development of fast dispersing tablets of nebivolol: experimental and computational approaches to study formulation characteristics

description: Formulation of FDT (fast dispersing tablets) of nebivolol was optimized and evaluated using simplex lattice design (SLD). The influence of type and concentration of three disintegrants viz.,Ac-Di-Sol, Primojel and Polyplasdone XL on hardness, friability and disintegration time of tablet was studied. Response surface plot and the polynomial equations were used to evaluate influence of polymer on the tablet properties. Results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA, and a p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results reveal that fibrous integrity and optimal degree of substitution in Primojel and Ac-Di-Sol are mainly responsible for the hardness of the tablet. Use of Polyplasdone in higher percentage in tablet formulation may result in high friability. Increase in concentration of Ac-Di-Sol increases the disintegration time but increased concentration of Primojel in the tablet formulation decreases the disintegration time. This is also evident from model terms for disintegration time with a high 'F' value of 14.69 and 'p' value of 0.0031 (&lt;0.05). The reason could be that Primojel has higher swelling properties and an optimum hydration capacity, which favors fast disintegration of a tablet. In conclusion, careful selection of disintegrant for FDT could improve their properties. Use of Simplex Lattice Design for formulation development could simplify the formulation process and reduce the production cost.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14328825.v1
title: Pullulan: an advantageous natural polysaccharide excipient to formulate tablets of alendronate-loaded microparticles

description: This work reports the preparation of tablets by direct compression of sodium alendronate-loaded microparticles, using pullulan as filler. The tableting properties of pullulan were compared with those of microcrystalline cellulose and lactose. Pullulan tablets showed low variations in average weight, thickness and drug content. Moreover, these tablets exhibited a higher hardness compared to the other excipients. In vitro release studies showed that only pullulan was capable to maintain gastroresistance and release properties of microparticles, due to its ability to protect particles against damage caused by compression force. Thus, pullulan was considered an advantageous excipient to prepare tableted microparticles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508828
title: Environmental planning and occupation of urban land in Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo state, Brazil

description: Urban environmental planning processes are of utmost importance to urban centers currently, assisting in rational occupation and environmental balance. They should not be separated from developmental policies because they are directly related to quality of life. Aiding in this process, the municipal Master Plan, constitutionally approved in 1988, is an essential instrument to guide the action of agents in favor of balanced urban development. Based on this premise, the primary goal of this article is to contribute to this discussion through the relations of use and occupation of urban land and the production of social housing in medium-sized cities, considering environmental issues. It is based on the case study of the reality experienced by the municipality of Presidente Prudente, western of Sao Paulo state, between 1997 and 1999. The methodology used was based on qualitative research, with field surveys of selected housing estates, according to architectural, urban and environmental aspects. The municipality analyzed presents an inadequate reality, with social housing projects inserted in the urban grid disregarding rules, laws and guidelines, in a process of urban policies inconsistent with desirable environmental purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7514834
title: Urban sprawl and mobility in the metropolitan region of Natal: population dynamics and life space expansion

description: Although the concentric and dispersed models of urbanization still coexist in urban space, we consider that this phenomenon reflects more the crystallization and materiality of the former processes than its perpetuation in urban dynamics nowadays. The hypothesis pursued is that of a new pattern of dispersed and fragmented urbanization that has made urban frames more socially heterogeneous, and that this characteristic poses new challenges to both the social sphere and the individual scale. Thus we present the process of urban expansion in the Metropolitan Region of Natal (MRN), from a spatial and demographic approach, towards the south axis of urban development. In this sense, observing the changes occurred throughout the 2000s, allows us to understand the dimension of this phenomenon and of the urban sprawl process in the study region, and further analyze their impact. The results confirm the expansion of life space associated with a trend to urban sprawl in the south axis of the MRN, therefore indicating that such processes can also occur in other metropolitan areas of northeastern Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508828.v1
title: Environmental planning and occupation of urban land in Presidente Prudente, Sao Paulo state, Brazil

description: Urban environmental planning processes are of utmost importance to urban centers currently, assisting in rational occupation and environmental balance. They should not be separated from developmental policies because they are directly related to quality of life. Aiding in this process, the municipal Master Plan, constitutionally approved in 1988, is an essential instrument to guide the action of agents in favor of balanced urban development. Based on this premise, the primary goal of this article is to contribute to this discussion through the relations of use and occupation of urban land and the production of social housing in medium-sized cities, considering environmental issues. It is based on the case study of the reality experienced by the municipality of Presidente Prudente, western of Sao Paulo state, between 1997 and 1999. The methodology used was based on qualitative research, with field surveys of selected housing estates, according to architectural, urban and environmental aspects. The municipality analyzed presents an inadequate reality, with social housing projects inserted in the urban grid disregarding rules, laws and guidelines, in a process of urban policies inconsistent with desirable environmental purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7514834.v1
title: Urban sprawl and mobility in the metropolitan region of Natal: population dynamics and life space expansion

description: Although the concentric and dispersed models of urbanization still coexist in urban space, we consider that this phenomenon reflects more the crystallization and materiality of the former processes than its perpetuation in urban dynamics nowadays. The hypothesis pursued is that of a new pattern of dispersed and fragmented urbanization that has made urban frames more socially heterogeneous, and that this characteristic poses new challenges to both the social sphere and the individual scale. Thus we present the process of urban expansion in the Metropolitan Region of Natal (MRN), from a spatial and demographic approach, towards the south axis of urban development. In this sense, observing the changes occurred throughout the 2000s, allows us to understand the dimension of this phenomenon and of the urban sprawl process in the study region, and further analyze their impact. The results confirm the expansion of life space associated with a trend to urban sprawl in the south axis of the MRN, therefore indicating that such processes can also occur in other metropolitan areas of northeastern Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7515245.v1
title: Environmental management of urban parks: the case of the Gunnar Vingren Ecological Park in Belem, Para state, Brazil

description: This paper addresses the factors that facilitate and hamper the implementation of urban parks. It discusses the advantages and difficulties inherent to the implementation of urban parks, taking into account the multiple interests involving social actors. The present study analyzes the case of the Gunnar Vingren Ecological Park in Belem, Para state, Brazil, and focuses on the concepts of participation, urban governance and environmental management. It uses the stakeholder theory to identify social actors and understand their behavior in the implementation process of the park. Methodologically, the research was based on qualitative approach and used direct observation and semi-structured interviews for data collection. It shows the importance of urban social movements to preserve the green areas of the city and improve urban life quality. It indicates that the environmental management of urban parks depends fundamentally on the spatial planning of their inner areas and surroundings. It shows that, in areas with disordered territory, there is high possibility of pressure on the park and depredation of its natural resources. The study also shows that urban management patterns influence the level of participation of social actors in the management committees of parks. Empirically, this paper shows a great progress in the institutional capacity for the management of the Gunnar Vingren Park; however, paradoxically, the municipal government organizational capacity is limited to manage the whole system. The most significant challenge in managing urban parks is to develop a participatory governance alliance between stakeholders.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7515245
title: Environmental management of urban parks: the case of the Gunnar Vingren Ecological Park in Belem, Para state, Brazil

description: This paper addresses the factors that facilitate and hamper the implementation of urban parks. It discusses the advantages and difficulties inherent to the implementation of urban parks, taking into account the multiple interests involving social actors. The present study analyzes the case of the Gunnar Vingren Ecological Park in Belem, Para state, Brazil, and focuses on the concepts of participation, urban governance and environmental management. It uses the stakeholder theory to identify social actors and understand their behavior in the implementation process of the park. Methodologically, the research was based on qualitative approach and used direct observation and semi-structured interviews for data collection. It shows the importance of urban social movements to preserve the green areas of the city and improve urban life quality. It indicates that the environmental management of urban parks depends fundamentally on the spatial planning of their inner areas and surroundings. It shows that, in areas with disordered territory, there is high possibility of pressure on the park and depredation of its natural resources. The study also shows that urban management patterns influence the level of participation of social actors in the management committees of parks. Empirically, this paper shows a great progress in the institutional capacity for the management of the Gunnar Vingren Park; however, paradoxically, the municipal government organizational capacity is limited to manage the whole system. The most significant challenge in managing urban parks is to develop a participatory governance alliance between stakeholders.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7516469
title: Master plans of small municipalities in Parana state: Cianorte, Rondon and São Tomé

description: The instruments of the Municipal Master Plan, by law or choice of management, are important planning mechanisms in use today. Thirteen years after federal law No. 10.257/2001 - City Statute and 8 years after state law No. 15.229/2006 were passed, virtually all municipalities in the state of Paraná have developed their Municipal Master Plans due to mandatory state requirement. This article aims to assess whether and how their implementation is assisting municipalities in the process of Urban Management. The municipalities of Cianorte, Rondon and São Tomé, in the mesoregion of northwestern Paraná state, are the focus of this work because of their peculiar urbanization process conducted by the “Companhia de Terras do Norte do Paraná”, later “Companhia Melhoramentos do Norte do Paraná”. The study identified that significant advances occurred in the application of the laws and instruments of the City Statute, and that the existence of the Master Plans have assisted in the management of the municipalities investigated. It was possible to identify that small municipalities, with populations smaller than 20,000 inhabitants, are also implementing their master plans, respecting their own limitations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7516469.v1
title: Master plans of small municipalities in Parana state: Cianorte, Rondon and São Tomé

description: The instruments of the Municipal Master Plan, by law or choice of management, are important planning mechanisms in use today. Thirteen years after federal law No. 10.257/2001 - City Statute and 8 years after state law No. 15.229/2006 were passed, virtually all municipalities in the state of Paraná have developed their Municipal Master Plans due to mandatory state requirement. This article aims to assess whether and how their implementation is assisting municipalities in the process of Urban Management. The municipalities of Cianorte, Rondon and São Tomé, in the mesoregion of northwestern Paraná state, are the focus of this work because of their peculiar urbanization process conducted by the “Companhia de Terras do Norte do Paraná”, later “Companhia Melhoramentos do Norte do Paraná”. The study identified that significant advances occurred in the application of the laws and instruments of the City Statute, and that the existence of the Master Plans have assisted in the management of the municipalities investigated. It was possible to identify that small municipalities, with populations smaller than 20,000 inhabitants, are also implementing their master plans, respecting their own limitations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7513154
title: Take care of the metro. The care-control, emerging form of underground regulations and threats

description: The Underground System of Santiago, Chile has undergone significant deterioration of its transportation conditions since it was integrated to the ‘Transantiago’ – the metropolitan bus network. The Underground operating company has given a great deal of visibility to the control devices of its new masses of users: optimized turnstiles, ubiquitous signage, increased number of agents, etc. The study of the operating company’s official speech and, above all, the ethnographic study of these devices show that the modes of control, themselves, have evolved. On top of the legal threat to foreigners and the regulation of flow through a discipline of the body, a care-control is being conducted on the population that requires protection: the people who are being cared for by the operating company are required, in return, to care for the Underground. The care-control not only constitutes an emerging mode of control, but it is also the general form of control in the Santiago’s Underground.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7513154.v1
title: Take care of the metro. The care-control, emerging form of underground regulations and threats

description: The Underground System of Santiago, Chile has undergone significant deterioration of its transportation conditions since it was integrated to the ‘Transantiago’ – the metropolitan bus network. The Underground operating company has given a great deal of visibility to the control devices of its new masses of users: optimized turnstiles, ubiquitous signage, increased number of agents, etc. The study of the operating company’s official speech and, above all, the ethnographic study of these devices show that the modes of control, themselves, have evolved. On top of the legal threat to foreigners and the regulation of flow through a discipline of the body, a care-control is being conducted on the population that requires protection: the people who are being cared for by the operating company are required, in return, to care for the Underground. The care-control not only constitutes an emerging mode of control, but it is also the general form of control in the Santiago’s Underground.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510199
title: Spatial conflict, exclusion and public space in the urban center of Xalapa, Veracruz

description: AbstractPhysical interventions to transform the public spatiality of historical centrality in Xalapa City, Veracruz have been increased in the past decade. This work analyzes the character and orientation of public interventions to transform and improve the urban public places. The case study was carry out with a research tool using two scenarios, which social-urban analysis allows to discuss the governmental intentions that, in association with private sector, reset the already mentioned spatialities. The research empirical results show that these processes area are dominated by a minority groups of interest over the citizenship. The whole situation affects the community sense, inclusion and pluralist function and public space democracy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510199.v1
title: Spatial conflict, exclusion and public space in the urban center of Xalapa, Veracruz

description: AbstractPhysical interventions to transform the public spatiality of historical centrality in Xalapa City, Veracruz have been increased in the past decade. This work analyzes the character and orientation of public interventions to transform and improve the urban public places. The case study was carry out with a research tool using two scenarios, which social-urban analysis allows to discuss the governmental intentions that, in association with private sector, reset the already mentioned spatialities. The research empirical results show that these processes area are dominated by a minority groups of interest over the citizenship. The whole situation affects the community sense, inclusion and pluralist function and public space democracy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510529
title: Housing changes in Brazilian metropolitan areas

description: From the 2000s, the Brazilian housing market has undergone significant changes that allowed the resumption of construction growth, the number of units built and sold. These changes were made possible due to a number of changes in urban and housing policies, especially in the expansion of the supply of housing finance, allowing the incorporation of a larger portion of the population in access to housing. However, the effects of these recent housing policies are not clear yet. On the one hand, the growth in the value of real estate was widespread, reaching levels comparable to the major worldwide centers, especially in large Brazilian cities and metropolitan areas. On the other hand, there is little knowledge about the quantitative effects of this model. That means that it is still unknown whether the share of homeowners has increased significantly, with a consequent reduction in the number of rented homes. To this end, this article proposes an initial exploratory analysis using data from the 1991, 2000 and 2010 Demographic Censuses. The objective is to assess whether these policies have altered the dynamics of occupation conditions in households in the metropolitan scale. We analyzed data from the three largest metropolitan areas (Belo Horizonte, Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro) in the country, comparing the changes between central and peripheral cities. The text is structured on the discussion of the housing market in Brazil, including the innovations in terms of public policies in recent period and on our own analysis of census data, indicating their potential and limits to deal with housing issues.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510529.v1
title: Housing changes in Brazilian metropolitan areas

description: From the 2000s, the Brazilian housing market has undergone significant changes that allowed the resumption of construction growth, the number of units built and sold. These changes were made possible due to a number of changes in urban and housing policies, especially in the expansion of the supply of housing finance, allowing the incorporation of a larger portion of the population in access to housing. However, the effects of these recent housing policies are not clear yet. On the one hand, the growth in the value of real estate was widespread, reaching levels comparable to the major worldwide centers, especially in large Brazilian cities and metropolitan areas. On the other hand, there is little knowledge about the quantitative effects of this model. That means that it is still unknown whether the share of homeowners has increased significantly, with a consequent reduction in the number of rented homes. To this end, this article proposes an initial exploratory analysis using data from the 1991, 2000 and 2010 Demographic Censuses. The objective is to assess whether these policies have altered the dynamics of occupation conditions in households in the metropolitan scale. We analyzed data from the three largest metropolitan areas (Belo Horizonte, Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro) in the country, comparing the changes between central and peripheral cities. The text is structured on the discussion of the housing market in Brazil, including the innovations in terms of public policies in recent period and on our own analysis of census data, indicating their potential and limits to deal with housing issues.