cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.z8w9ghxcw
title: Morphological and behavioural differences facilitate tropical butterfly persistence in variable environments

description: 1. The thermal biology of ectotherms largely determines their abundance
 and distributions. In general, tropical species inhabiting warm and stable
 thermal environments tend to have low tolerance to cold and variable
 environments, which may restrict their expansion into temperate climates.
 However, the distribution of some tropical species does extend into cooler
 areas such as tropical borders and high elevation tropical mountains.
 Behavioural and morphological differences may therefore play important
 roles in facilitating tropical species to cope with cold and variable
 climates at tropical edges. 2. We used field-validated biophysical models
 to estimate body temperatures of butterflies across elevational gradients
 at three sites in southern China and assessed the contribution of
 behavioural and morphological differences in facilitating their
 persistence in tropical and temperate climates. We investigated the
 effects of temperature on the activity of 4,844 individuals of 144
 butterfly species along thermal gradients and tested whether species of
 different climatic affinities -- tropical and widespread (distributed in
 both temperate and tropical regions) -- differed in their thermoregulatory
 strategies (i.e. basking). In addition, we tested whether
 thermally-related morphology, or the strength of solar radiation (when
 butterflies were recorded) were related to such differences. 3. We found
 that activities of tropical species were restricted (low abundance) at low
 air temperatures compared to widespread species. Active tropical species
 were also more likely to bask at cooler body temperatures than widespread
 species. Heat gain from behavioural thermoregulation was higher for
 tropical species (when accounting for species abundance), and heat gain
 correlated with larger thorax widths but not with measured solar
 radiation. 4. Our results indicate that physiological intolerance to cold
 temperatures in tropical species may be compensated through behavioural
 and morphological responses in thermoregulation in variable sub-tropical
 environments. Increasing climatic variability with climate change may
 render tropical species more vulnerable to cold weather extremes compared
 to widespread species that are more physiologically suited to variable
 environments.
description: We collected the dataset from butterfly transect walks in
 southern and southwest China. We collected butterfly behaviours by field
 observation. We logged the air temperature and solar radiation during the
 butterfly surveys. We used these environmental variables and morphological
 features of butterfly to build biophysical models to predict butterfly
 body temperature during basking in the sun. More details please see our
 assocaited paper.
description: Please check our paper and Readme file for the limitation of the
 data collected.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1g1jwstx5
title: Dataset of Rapid adaptive responses of rosette-type macrophyte Vallisneria natans juveniles to varying water depths: The role of leaf trait plasticity

description: Rosette-type submerged macrophytes are widely distributed across a range
 of water depths in shallow lakes and play a key role in maintaining
 ecosystem structures and functions. However, little is known about the
 rapid adaptive responses of such macrophytes to variations in water depth,
 especially at the juvenile stage. Here, we conducted a short term in situ
 mesocosm experiment, in which the juveniles of Vallisneria natans were
 exposed to a water depth gradient ranging from 20 to 360 cm. Twenty-two
 leaf-related traits were examined after four weeks of growth in a shallow
 lake. Most (18) traits of V. natans generally showed high plasticity in
 relation to water depth. Specifically, juveniles allocated more biomass to
 leaves, and had higher specific leaf area, leaf length to width ratio,
 chlorophyll content, and carotenoids content in deep waters, displaying
 trait syndrome associated with high resource acquisition. In contrast, V.
 natans juveniles in shallow waters had higher leaf dry matter content,
 leaf soluble carbohydrate content, carotenoids per unit chlorophyll, and
 peroxidase activity, pertaining to resource conservation. Notably,
 underwater light intensity was found to be the key factor explaining the
 trait plasticity along the water depth gradient, and 1.30 mol photons m–2
 d–1 (at 270 cm) could be the optimal irradience level based on the total
 biomass of V. natans juveniles. The present study highlights the
 significance of leaf trait plasticity for rosette-type macrophytes in
 response to variations in water depth, and sheds new light on the
 differences between trade-offs in deep- and shallow-water areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31167361
title: <b>Human-AI Collaborative Decision System for Insurance Claims Fraud through Bayesian Deep Learning with Expert Prior</b>

description: Insurance claim fraud detection is a critical task in financial risk control, where traditional machine learning methods suffer from limited uncertainty quantification and insufficient utilization of domain knowledge. This paper proposes a Bayesian deep learning-based human-AI collaborative decision system that integrates expert prior knowledge to improve both detection accuracy and decision reliability. Expert experience rules are encoded as informative prior distributions over Bayesian neural network weights, while variational inference is employed for efficient posterior approximation and uncertainty estimation. Based on predictive entropy, an adaptive human-AI routing mechanism is designed to automatically process high-confidence cases and refer uncertain cases to human experts. Experiments on a real-world insurance dataset containing 127,543 claim records demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an F1 score of 0.7980 and an AUC of 0.9218, outperforming an ensemble deep learning baseline by 7.5% and 2.1%, respectively. The recall rate is improved to 0.8143, representing an 8.4% relative gain. Moreover, the expected calibration error is reduced to 0.028, indicating substantially improved confidence calibration. Ablation studies confirm that expert priors, uncertainty quantification, and human-AI collaboration each contribute significantly to performance gains. The proposed system can automatically handle 68.4% of cases while maintaining high accuracy, providing a practical and trustworthy solution for insurance fraud detection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31167361.v1
title: <b>Human-AI Collaborative Decision System for Insurance Claims Fraud through Bayesian Deep Learning with Expert Prior</b>

description: Insurance claim fraud detection is a critical task in financial risk control, where traditional machine learning methods suffer from limited uncertainty quantification and insufficient utilization of domain knowledge. This paper proposes a Bayesian deep learning-based human-AI collaborative decision system that integrates expert prior knowledge to improve both detection accuracy and decision reliability. Expert experience rules are encoded as informative prior distributions over Bayesian neural network weights, while variational inference is employed for efficient posterior approximation and uncertainty estimation. Based on predictive entropy, an adaptive human-AI routing mechanism is designed to automatically process high-confidence cases and refer uncertain cases to human experts. Experiments on a real-world insurance dataset containing 127,543 claim records demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an F1 score of 0.7980 and an AUC of 0.9218, outperforming an ensemble deep learning baseline by 7.5% and 2.1%, respectively. The recall rate is improved to 0.8143, representing an 8.4% relative gain. Moreover, the expected calibration error is reduced to 0.028, indicating substantially improved confidence calibration. Ablation studies confirm that expert priors, uncertainty quantification, and human-AI collaboration each contribute significantly to performance gains. The proposed system can automatically handle 68.4% of cases while maintaining high accuracy, providing a practical and trustworthy solution for insurance fraud detection.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p2ngf1vr8
title: m6A modifications regulate intestinal immunity and rotavirus infection

description: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is an abundant mRNA modification and affects many
 biological processes. However, how m6A levels are regulated during
 physiological or pathological processes such as virus infections, and
 the in vivo function of m6A in the intestinal immune
 defense against virus infections are largely unknown. Here, we uncover a
 novel antiviral function of m6A modification during rotavirus (RV)
 infection in small bowel intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). We found that
 rotavirus infection induced global m6A modifications on mRNA transcripts
 by down-regulating the m6a eraser ALKBH5. Mice lacking the m6A writer
 enzymes METTL3 in IECs (Mettl3ΔIEC) were resistant to RV infection and
 showed increased expression of interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes
 (ISGs). Using RNA-sequencing and m6A RNA immuno-precipitation
 (RIP)-sequencing, we identified IRF7, a master regulator of IFN responses,
 as one of the primary m6A targets during virus infection. In the absence
 of METTL3, IECs showed increased Irf7 mRNA stability and
 enhanced type I and III IFN expression. Deficiency in IRF7 attenuated the
 elevated expression of IFNs and ISGs and restored susceptibility to RV
 infection in Mettl3ΔIEC mice. Moreover, the global m6A
 modification on mRNA transcripts declined with age in mice, with a
 significant drop from 2 weeks to 3 weeks post birth, which likely has
 broad implications for the development of intestinal immune system against
 enteric viruses early in life. Collectively, we demonstrated a novel host
 m6A-IRF7-IFN antiviral signaling cascade that restricts rotavirus
 infection in vivo.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.76hdr7sxg
title: Data from: Why do youths initiate to smoke? A data mining analysis on tobacco advertising, peer, and family factors for Indonesian youths

description: Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), Indonesia showed that 60,9 % of
 students noticed cigarette advertisements or promotions in outdoor media.
 Our study aimed to understand the impact of outdoor tobacco advertising
 and peer and family association with Youth's smoking behavior. This
 study deployed a cross-sectional approach to explore factors related to
 youth smoking behavior, such as peers, family, and tobacco advertising.
 The GYTS questionnaire was adapted as the instrument and distributed to
 400 students from 20 high schools to observe smoking behavior. The chosen
 schools based on the previous study whose classify school in hot-spot and
 non-hot-spot areas. This study applied a data mining approach with a
 decision tree to generate the models. This study generates a decision tree
 model that describes the peer factor as the key to introducing Youth to
 smoking. The model also reveals that youth in the non-hotspot advertising
 area are not likely to develop Youth to smoke. The model has a performance
 classification of 77.5 % This study found that youth with smoking fathers
 are more likely to start smoking earlier, youth whose both parents are
 smokers, and mothers who are smokers have a confidence level of 100 % to
 smoke. Further research is warranted to investigate rural districts to
 explore any regional and socioeconomic variations.
description: This study deployed a cross-sectional quantitative study to
 explore factors related to youth smoking behaviour. This study surveyed
 and interviewed 400 students as a sample of high schools to observe
 smoking behaviour using adaptations of the GYTS questionnaires. This study
 applied a data mining approach with a decision tree method to generate the
 models. Later, the models were compared between several weighting
 criteria: Information Gain, Gini Index, Gain Ratio, and Accuracy. The
 comparison explored the most factors contributing to developing children
 smokers among peers, family, and tobacco advertising.
description: There are 400 cases in this dataset. The
 attributes: Outdoor advertising
 (hotspot,non hotspot); Parent Smoker (No one, Father,
 Mother, Both of them, Do not know); Peer Smoker (No
 one, Few, Most of them, all smoker); Children smoker
 (No, Yes); Start to smoke ( never smoke, &lt; 7
 years old, 8-9 years old, 10-11 years old, 12-13 years old, 14-15 years
 old)
description: {"title":"Why do youths initiate to smoke? A Data mining
 analysis on Tobacco Advertising, Peer, and Family Factors for Indonesian
 Youths  
 ","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.76hdr7sxg","step":1,"step1":"There are 400 cases in this dataset.\n\nThe attributes:\n\n* Outdoor advertising (hotspot,non hotspot);\n* Parent Smoker (No one, Father, Mother, Both of them, Do not know);\n* Peer Smoker (No one, Few, Most of them, all smoker);\n* Children smoker (No, Yes);\n* Start to smoke ( never smoke, &lt; 7 years old, 8-9 years old, 10-11 years old, 12-13 years old, 14-15 years old)\n\n"}
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k0p2ngf8x
title: Data for: Ear pinnae in a neotropical katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) function as ultrasound guides for bat detection

description: Early predator detection is a key component of the predator-prey arms race
 and has driven the evolution of multiple animal hearing systems. Katydids
 (Insecta) have sophisticated ears, each consisting of paired tympana on
 each foreleg that receive sound both externally, through the air, and
 internally via a narrowing ear canal running through the leg from an
 acoustic spiracle on the thorax. These ears are pressure-time difference
 receivers capable of sensitive and accurate directional hearing across a
 wide frequency range. Many katydid species have cuticular pinnae which
 form cavities around the outer tympanal surfaces, but their function is
 unknown. We investigated pinnal function in the katydid Copiphora
 gorgonensis by combining experimental biophysics and numerical modelling
 using 3D ear geometries. We found that the pinnae in C. gorgonensis do not
 assist in directional hearing for conspecific call frequencies, but
 instead act as ultrasound detectors. Pinnae induced large sound pressure
 gains (20–30 dB) that enhanced sound detection at high ultrasonic
 frequencies (&gt;60 kHz), matching the echolocation range of
 co-occurring insectivorous gleaning bats. These findings were supported by
 behavioural and neural audiograms and pinnal cavity resonances from live
 specimens, and comparisons with the pinnal mechanics of sympatric katydid
 species, which together suggest that katydid pinnae primarily evolved for
 the enhanced detection of predatory bats.
description: Please see the README document ("README_Pinnae.txt")
 and the accompanying published article:  Pulver, C.,
 Celiker, E., Woodrow, C., Geipel, I., Soulsbury, C.D., Cullen, D.A.,
 Rogers, S.M., Veitch, D., Montealegre-Z, F. Ear pinnae in a neotropical
 katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) function as ultrasound guides for bat
 detection. eLife 11:e77628.  The dataset was collected
 from three different methods used in the publication: laser Doppler
 vibrometry (LDV), numerical simulations, and micro-CT. The LDV data
 consists of ASCII (.txt) files from recordings on live specimes and 3D
 prints.  The files are composed of time and frequency domain recordings. 
 Microsoft Excel sheets with ASCII file inputs are provided if .txt not
 uploaded.  The numerical simulations consists of FEA files for each
 specimen and compressed.  The micro-CT data were uploaded as .stl files
 for each ear from experimental specimen.  Laser Doppler
 vibrometry files require Polytec Software (.psv) if files have not been
 exported as ASCII .txt files or imported in Excel.  
 Numerical simulation files require COMSOL software.
description: Data are in formats easily readable by common programs.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f4qrfj6wr
title: Effects of population density on static allometry between horn length and body mass in mountain ungulates

description: Little is known about the effects of environmental variation on allometric
 relationships of condition-dependent traits, especially in wild
 populations. We estimated sex-specific static allometry between horn
 length and body mass in four populations of mountain ungulates that
 experienced periods of contrasting density over the course of the study.
 These species displayed contrasting sexual dimorphism in horn size; high
 dimorphism in Capra ibex and Ovis canadensis and low dimorphism in
 Rupicapra rupicapra and Oreamnos americanus. The effects of density on
 static allometric slopes were weak and inconsistent while allometric
 intercepts were generally lower at high density, especially in males from
 species with high sexual dimorphism in horn length. These results confirm
 that static allometric slopes are more canalized than allometric
 intercepts against environmental variation induced by changes in
 population density, particularly when traits appear more costly to produce
 and maintain.
description: The methods to collect the data are described in detail in the
 supporting information of the paper.
description: See Readme file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xgxd254hc
title: Disentangling the direct and indirect effects of canopy and understory vegetation on the foraging habitat selection of the brown bear Ursus arctos

description: Elucidating the factors affecting the foraging habitat selection of
 wildlife can further our understanding of the animal– habitat
 relationships and inform wildlife conservation and management. Canopy and
 understory vegetation may directly or indirectly affect the foraging
 habitat selection of carnivores through changes in habitat structure and
 prey availability, respectively; however, the relative importance of these
 two effects remains largely unknown. Dwarf bamboo Sasa kurilensis is a
 predominant understory plant that suppresses regeneration in the forests
 of northern Japan. The purpose of this study was to disentangle the direct
 and indirect effects of canopy forest type Larix kaempferi plantation
 versus natural mixed forest) and dwarf bamboo on foraging habitat
 selection of a large carnivore, the brown bear Ursus arctos. In the
 Shiretoko World Heritage, brown bears dig for cicada nymphs during summer.
 We evaluated the frequency of brown bear foraging on cicadas by
 investigating traces of digging for cicada nymphs. A structural equation
 model was used to statistically disentangle the direct and indirect
 effects of vegetation. Our results demonstrated that canopy and understory
 vegetation directly and indirectly affected foraging habitat selection of
 brown bears. Dwarf bamboo negatively affected cicada nymph density, which
 positively affected brown bear digging. This suggests that dwarf bamboo
 also had indirect negative effects on brown bears. Forest type had
 significant direct and indirect effects via change in cicada nymph density
 on foraging behavior in brown bears. Forestry managers in northern Japan,
 including the study site, try to remove dwarf bamboo for assisting natural
 regeneration. Removal of dwarf bamboo by scarification might not only
 promote natural regeneration, but also provide a beneficial foraging
 habitat for bears.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8kprr4xpd
title: Assessing spatial patterns of phylogenetic diversity of Mexican mammals for biodiversity conservation

description: Phylogenetic diversity is a biodiversity measurement that describes the
 amount of evolutionary history contained by the taxonomic units in a
 region. It has proven to be an important metric for determining
 conservation priorities. Mammalian phylogenetic diversity patterns have
 been suggested as potential surrogates of biodiversity for establishing
 priority areas for conservation. This study aims to identify areas of high
 mammalian phylogenetic diversity in Mexico, a megadiverse country with
 high mammalian richness, and to assess how well protected areas encompass
 the phylogenetic diversity. IUCN distribution data for 479 Mexican mammals
 were used to estimate species richness. Data for the molecular markers
 cytB, 12S and COI, were gathered from GenBank and from laboratory
 extractions for reconstructing a maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree.
 Spatial patterns in phylogenetic diversity were estimated by summing the
 branch lengths of the phylogenetic tree representing species presence
 across grid cells. The results were compared with the distribution of
 protected areas in Mexico in order to assess if phylogenetic diversity is
 effectively conserved. The southeastern part of Mexico was found to be the
 most diverse. The breadth of the phylogenetic tree was well represented
 within the protected areas. Beta-diversity analyses showed that the
 species composition between protected and unprotected areas is very
 similar. Protected areas group based on the phylogenetic composition of
 mammal species into three clusters corresponding to the Nearctic,
 Neotropical, and Mexican Transition Zone biogeographical regions, which
 suggests that protected areas could be managed based on these clusters.
description: Data for the molecular markers <em>cytB</em>,
 <em>12S</em> and <em>COI</em>, were gathered from
 GenBank and from laboratory extractions of DNA from museum specimens.
 These data were aligned and used for reconstructing a maximum-likelihood
 phylogenetic tree. Spatial patterns in phylogenetic diversity were estimated by summing the
 branch lengths of the phylogenetic tree representing species presence
 across grid cells. The results were compared with the distribution of
 protected areas in Mexico in order to assess if phylogenetic
 diversity is effectively
 conserved.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18366078
title: Numerical data of vertical and horizontal ground deformation

description: This repository contains two geotiff images of ground surface velocity measured relative to the ITRF2014 and projected in EPSG:4326 (WGS84). vertical.tif contains vertical velocity in metres per year, and horizontal.tif contains east velocity in metres per year.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18366079
title: Numerical data of vertical and horizontal ground deformation

description: This repository contains two geotiff images of ground surface velocity measured relative to the ITRF2014 and projected in EPSG:4326 (WGS84). vertical.tif contains vertical velocity in metres per year, and horizontal.tif contains east velocity in metres per year.