cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129428
title: Supplementary Material for: Patients with Rosacea Have Increased Risk of Depression and Anxiety Disorders: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that affects self-esteem and quality of life. However, data on depression and anxiety in patients with rosacea are scarce. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between rosacea and new-onset depression and anxiety disorders. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data on all Danish citizens aged ≥18 years between January 1, 1997, and December 31, 2011, were linked at individual level in nationwide registers. Incidence rates per 1,000 person-years were calculated, and crude and adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated by Poisson regression models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The study comprised a total of 4,632,341 individuals, including 30,725 and 24,712 patients with mild and moderate-to-severe rosacea, respectively. Mild and moderate-to-severe rosacea increased the risk of both depression [IRR 1.89 (95% CI 1.82-1.96) and IRR 2.04 (95% CI 1.96-2.12)] and anxiety disorders [IRR 1.80 (95% CI 1.75-1.86) and IRR 1.98 (95% CI 1.91-2.05)]. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Rosacea was associated with a disease severity-dependent, increased risk of depression and anxiety disorders. The findings may call for increased awareness of psychiatric morbidity in patients with rosacea.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129434
title: Supplementary Material for: Incidentally Raised Cardiac Troponin I Has a Worse Prognosis in Older Patients Compared to Those with Normal Cardiac Troponin I and Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Cohort Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Incidentally elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels are common in acutely unwell older patients. However, little is known about how this impacts on the prognosis of these patients. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We aimed to investigate whether incidentally elevated cTnI levels (group 1) are associated with poorer outcome when compared to age- and sex-matched patients without an elevated cTnI level (group 2), and to patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (group 3). <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> This prospective, matched cohort study placed patients ≥75 years old who were admitted to a University teaching hospital into groups 1-3, based on the cTnI levels and underlying diagnosis. Outcomes were compared between the groups using mixed-effects regression models and adjusted for renal function and C-reactive protein. All-cause mortality at discharge, at 1 month and 3 months, alongside the length of hospital stay (LOS), were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 315 patients were included, with 105 patients in each of the 3 groups. The mean age was 84.8 ± 5.5 years, with 41.9% males. All patients were followed up for 3 months. The percent all-cause mortality at discharge and the LOS for groups 1, 2 and 3 were 12.4, 3.8 and 8.6% and 11.2, 8.5 and 7.7 days, respectively. Group 1 had significantly increased mortality at 3 months [odds ratio (OR) 2.80, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-6.96; p = 0.040] and LOS (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.08-1.79; p = 0.008) compared to group 2 and did not differ significantly when compared to 3-month mortality (OR 2.39, 95% CI 0.91-6.29; p = 0.079) or LOS (OR 1.26, 95% CI 0.96-1.66; p = 0.097) in group 3. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There is a significant association between an incidental rise in cTnI level with mortality and LOS in older patients. Further research is required to evaluate whether a more systematic management of these patients would improve the prognosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129437.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Assessment of Primary Cancer Incidence in Growth Hormone-Treated Children: Comparison of a Multinational Prospective Observational Study with Population Databases

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Although results of the majority of clinical studies have shown no association between growth hormone (GH) treatment in childhood and risk of primary cancer, concerns remain regarding the potential influence of GH therapy on neoplastic cell growth. This study evaluated the incidence of primary malignancies in a large observational study of paediatric GH treatment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Primary cancer incidence was assessed in a cohort of 19,054 GH-treated children without a reported prestudy history of malignancy in the observational Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short Stature International Study (GeNeSIS). The standardised incidence ratio (SIR) for primary cancer in GH-treated children was determined by comparing cancer incidence in the GeNeSIS study population with incidence rates for country-, age-, and sex-matched cohorts of the general population. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a mean follow-up of 3.4 years in GeNeSIS (64,705 person-years), 13 incident potential primary cancers were identified in GH-treated patients. The SIR (95% confidence interval) for all observed cancers was 1.02 (0.54-1.75), and the crude incidence was 20.1 (10.7-34.4) cases per 100,000 person-years. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Acknowledging the relatively short follow-up in our study, GH-treated children without a history of previous malignancy did not have a higher risk of all-site primary cancer during the study when compared to general-population cancer registries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129422
title: Supplementary Material for: Meconium Evacuation for Facilitating Feed Tolerance in Preterm Neonates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> A delayed passage of meconium is considered as a risk factor for feed intolerance in preterm neonates. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to review the effects of different therapeutic agents for meconium evacuation on feed tolerance in preterm neonates. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of different therapeutic agents for meconium evacuation in preterm neonates (gestation &lt;32 weeks and/or birth weight &lt;1,500 g) using the Cochrane systematic review methodology was undertaken. Databases including Google Scholar were searched in January 2016. The primary outcome was the time to reach full feeds (TFF; ≥120 ml/kg feeds with stoppage of parenteral nutrition &gt;24 h). Secondary outcomes included necrotising enterocolitis (NEC), weight at discharge and adverse effects. The results were summarised as per the GRADE guidelines. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Six RCTs (2 each of glycerine suppository and enema, 1 normal saline enema and 1 oral osmotic contrast agent; n = 442) with a low or unclear risk of bias were included. The pooled estimate (random effects model) showed no reduction in TFF [mean difference (MD) -0.03, 95% CI -2.47, 2.41, p = 0.98; level of evidence: low]. No differences in NEC [risk ratio (RR) 1.71, 95% CI 0.63, 4.65, p = 0.30; level of evidence: low] and weight at discharge (MD -0.08, 95% CI -0.30, 0.15, p = 0.50; level of evidence: low) were found. The trial assessing oral osmotic contrast agents reported a trend towards a higher incidence of NEC ≥ stage II. There were no other adverse effects. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Limited low-quality evidence indicates that prophylactic glycerine suppository, small volume glycerine/normal saline enema or oral osmotic contrast agents to evacuate meconium did not reduce TFF in preterm neonates. Large, well-designed trials are essential to study this clinically significant issue.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129416
title: Supplementary Material for: Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate: Fit for What Purpose?

description: There is important nosologic utility in staging chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on estimates of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These equations have been optimized for estimating GFR at a single point in time. Risk assessment models used for prognosis of specified outcome events have commonly incorporated estimated GFR (eGFR), but the validity of this approach has not been evaluated. The current objective is to evaluate the risk of all-cause mortality over a 10-year follow-up period with multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis, comparing CKD stages based on eGFR to Cockcroft-Gault estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCl). There were significant differences between Stage 3A and Stage 3B-5 hazard ratios for all-cause mortality (p = 0.003) using eCrCl categories, but not for the same eGFR categories (p = 0.241). Discrimination analysis showed that a clinically significant difference (relative integrated discrimination improvement 778.6%; p = 0.001) was observed between the 2 models for the age strata ≤64. While eGFR is more precise and accurate than the Cockcroft Gault equation for estimating measured GFR at a single point in time, eGFR does not perform as well as eCrCl for assessing risk of all-cause mortality over 10-year follow-up intervals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129419
title: Supplementary Material for: Endovascular Management of Acute Ischemic Strokes with Tandem Occlusions

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Ischemic strokes with tandem occlusions are associated with a poor prognosis. Recent studies demonstrating the effectiveness of endovascular treatment for large vessel occlusions have shown less impressive results in patients with tandem occlusions than in those with isolated intracranial occlusions. Also, the indications and effects of carotid stenting remain unclear. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From a prospectively gathered registry, we analyzed data of 70 consecutive patients who underwent mechanical endovascular treatment for acute stroke with tandem occlusions from November 2011 to August 2014. Clinical (including demographics, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and stroke etiology), imaging (including diffusion-weighted imaging-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score), and endovascular treatment data were assessed and reviewed in consensus by 2 observers. Good clinical outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale of ≤2 at 3-month follow-up. <b><i>Results:</i></b> At 3-month follow-up, 50.8% had a poor clinical outcome, including death in 13.4%. Lower NIHSS (initial, at day 1, and at discharge) and successful recanalization (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b-3) were associated with a good clinical outcome (p &lt; 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between patients with a good or poor clinical outcome in terms of intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator use, delay between symptom onset and recanalization, and endovascular technique including the carotid stenting. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Despite the recent randomized control trials demonstrating the effectiveness of thrombectomy, there is still a research gap about tandem occlusions. This subtype of stroke, which usually responds poorly to IV thrombolysis, is also difficult to treat by endovascular means. Guidelines for the endovascular management of tandem occlusions are needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129407
title: Supplementary Material for: Protection on Skin Aging Mediated by Antiapoptosis Effects of the Water Lily (<b><i>Nymphaea Tetragona</i></b> Georgi) via Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

description: <b><i>Aims:</i></b> The water lily (WL) is found in Europe, Asia, and North America. WL reportedly has various pharmacological activities that improve the activities of daily life in humans. To our knowledge, no previous study has investigated about the aspect of protection on skin aging due to the mitochondria-mediated antiapoptosis effects of WL rhizome extract (WLRE) on human epidermal keratinocytes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Human epidermal keratinocytes cells were treated with WLRE (100, 200, and 400 μg/ml) for 1 h and then with ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) (50 mJ/cm<sup>2</sup>) for another 23 h. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase, reactive oxygen species (ROS), MitoTracker, caspase-3, and glutathione were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Also, the levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family proteins were determined with immunohistochemistry or western blotting. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We investigated the protective effects of WLRE against UVB-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. WLRE significantly and concentrations-dependently reduced UVB-induced apoptotic cytotoxicity. Furthermore, WLRE decreased ROS generation, mitochondrial dysfunction, Bcl-2-associated X protein levels, and cytochrome c release from mitochondria while increasing Bcl-2 protein levels as assessed. Moreover, WLRE inhibited caspase-3 activity and expression, indicating the inhibition of the apoptotic cascade, and induced increased levels of total glutathione, heme oxygenase 1, and radical-scavenging activity. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Together, these results demonstrate that WLRE can protect human epidermal keratinocytes against UVB-induced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by regulating ROS-eliminating pathways.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129413
title: Supplementary Material for: Squamocellular Carcinoma of the Skin: Clinicopathological Features Predicting the Involvement of the Surgical Margins and Review of the Literature

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The new AJCC classification has highlighted some particular risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) relevant for prognosis. Incomplete excision is not infrequent in SCC. The aim of this study is to examine features that can predict an incomplete excision on the basis of the new AJCC classification and to review the literature on this topic. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> 81 SCC patients were included. All patients were submitted to excisional biopsy with a margin of at least 4 mm from the clinical edges as recommended. Histological characteristics of the lesions analysed were maximum diameter, grading, site, Breslow thickness, Clark level, deep tissue invasion (neural, bone, muscle), presence of ulceration and positivity of the margins. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The average Breslow thickness was 3.93 mm. Out of the 81 patients included, 14 showed involved margins. The 2 parameters that were implicated in predicting involvement of the margins in the multivariable model were Breslow thickness and location of the lesion on the ear or lip. Grading was not associated with involvement of margins. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> According to the new AJCC classification, this study could be useful to plan the most suitable surgical technique in order to avoid the risk of incomplete surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129416.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate: Fit for What Purpose?

description: There is important nosologic utility in staging chronic kidney disease (CKD) based on estimates of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). These equations have been optimized for estimating GFR at a single point in time. Risk assessment models used for prognosis of specified outcome events have commonly incorporated estimated GFR (eGFR), but the validity of this approach has not been evaluated. The current objective is to evaluate the risk of all-cause mortality over a 10-year follow-up period with multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analysis, comparing CKD stages based on eGFR to Cockcroft-Gault estimated creatinine clearance (eCrCl). There were significant differences between Stage 3A and Stage 3B-5 hazard ratios for all-cause mortality (p = 0.003) using eCrCl categories, but not for the same eGFR categories (p = 0.241). Discrimination analysis showed that a clinically significant difference (relative integrated discrimination improvement 778.6%; p = 0.001) was observed between the 2 models for the age strata ≤64. While eGFR is more precise and accurate than the Cockcroft Gault equation for estimating measured GFR at a single point in time, eGFR does not perform as well as eCrCl for assessing risk of all-cause mortality over 10-year follow-up intervals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129419.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Endovascular Management of Acute Ischemic Strokes with Tandem Occlusions

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Ischemic strokes with tandem occlusions are associated with a poor prognosis. Recent studies demonstrating the effectiveness of endovascular treatment for large vessel occlusions have shown less impressive results in patients with tandem occlusions than in those with isolated intracranial occlusions. Also, the indications and effects of carotid stenting remain unclear. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From a prospectively gathered registry, we analyzed data of 70 consecutive patients who underwent mechanical endovascular treatment for acute stroke with tandem occlusions from November 2011 to August 2014. Clinical (including demographics, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and stroke etiology), imaging (including diffusion-weighted imaging-Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score), and endovascular treatment data were assessed and reviewed in consensus by 2 observers. Good clinical outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale of ≤2 at 3-month follow-up. <b><i>Results:</i></b> At 3-month follow-up, 50.8% had a poor clinical outcome, including death in 13.4%. Lower NIHSS (initial, at day 1, and at discharge) and successful recanalization (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction 2b-3) were associated with a good clinical outcome (p &lt; 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between patients with a good or poor clinical outcome in terms of intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator use, delay between symptom onset and recanalization, and endovascular technique including the carotid stenting. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Despite the recent randomized control trials demonstrating the effectiveness of thrombectomy, there is still a research gap about tandem occlusions. This subtype of stroke, which usually responds poorly to IV thrombolysis, is also difficult to treat by endovascular means. Guidelines for the endovascular management of tandem occlusions are needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129404
title: Supplementary Material for: The Frequency of Huntington Disease and Huntington Disease-Like 2 in the South African Population

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Huntington disease (HD) has most recently been estimated to affect between 10.6 and 13.7 per 100,000 individuals in European populations. However, prevalence is known to differ geographically. In South Africa, the only published estimates are from a survey performed in the 1970s, an era when the disease was believed to be rare or absent in black individuals and molecular confirmation was absent. The disease phenotype in South Africa is currently attributable to mutations in both the huntington and junctophilin-3 genes, which underlie the well-known HD and the rarer HD-like 2 (HDL2) respectively. This study aimed at providing improved minimum estimates of disease frequency in South Africa, based on molecular genetic testing data. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A review of all testing records for HD and HDL2 over a 20-year period was undertaken. HDL2 is virtually indistinguishable on clinical features, thus necessitating its inclusion. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Based on molecular diagnostic records, minimum estimates of disease frequency are: 5.1, 2.1 and 0.25 (per 100,000 individuals) for the white, mixed ancestry and black population groups respectively. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Although ascertainment remains incomplete, these minimum estimates suggest that disease frequencies are significantly higher than those previously reported in South Africa.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129410
title: Supplementary Material for: A Genome-Wide Test of the Differential Susceptibility Hypothesis Reveals a Genetic Predictor of Differential Response to Psychological Treatments for Child Anxiety Disorders

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The differential susceptibly hypothesis suggests that certain genetic variants moderate the effects of both negative and positive environments on mental health and may therefore be important predictors of response to psychological treatments. Nevertheless, the identification of such variants has so far been limited to preselected candidate genes. In this study we extended the differential susceptibility hypothesis from a candidate gene to a genome-wide approach to test whether a polygenic score of environmental sensitivity predicted response to cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) in children with anxiety disorders. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We identified variants associated with environmental sensitivity using a novel method in which within-pair variability in emotional problems in 1,026 monozygotic twin pairs was examined as a function of the pairs' genotype. We created a polygenic score of environmental sensitivity based on the whole-genome findings and tested the score as a moderator of parenting on emotional problems in 1,406 children and response to individual, group and brief parent-led CBT in 973 children with anxiety disorders. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The polygenic score significantly moderated the effects of parenting on emotional problems and the effects of treatment. Individuals with a high score responded significantly better to individual CBT than group CBT or brief parent-led CBT (remission rates: 70.9, 55.5 and 41.6%, respectively). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Pending successful replication, our results should be considered exploratory. Nevertheless, if replicated, they suggest that individuals with the greatest environmental sensitivity may be more likely to develop emotional problems in adverse environments but also benefit more from the most intensive types of treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129401
title: Supplementary Material for: Aortic Valve Gradient and Clinical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Severe Aortic Stenosis

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To explore the relation between the baseline aortic valve gradient (AVG) as a continuous variable and clinical outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in general and specifically in patients with high-gradient aortic stenosis (AS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We reviewed 317 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI at our institution. We investigated the relation between AVG as a continuous/categorical variable and outcome among all patients and in patients without low-flow low-gradient AS, using the Cox proportional hazard model adjusting for multiple prognostic variables. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients had a peak AVG of 79.9 ± 22.8 mm Hg (mean 50.5 ±15.7). During a mean follow-up of 2.7 years, AVG was inversely associated with mortality and mortality or cardiac hospitalization. Every 10-mm-Hg increase in peak AVG was associated with 18% reduction in mortality (p = 0.003) and 19% reduction in mortality/cardiac hospitalization (p &lt; 0.001). Every 10-mm-Hg increase in mean AVG was associated with a 24% reduction in both outcomes (p = 0.005 and p &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis of patients with left-ventricular ejection fraction &gt;40% or peak AVG &gt;64 mm Hg yielded similar results. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Mean and peak baseline AVGs are directly associated with improved outcomes after TAVI; AVG can be used to select the patients most likely to benefit from TAVI.