cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79667
title: Presbytery of Kenya, Kikuyu, Kenya, August 1926

description: The Presbytery of Kenya. [pictured] Beaton, Mortimer, Rev W.B. Stevenson, Mr Grieve, Mr Barlow. Zakayo, Rev Joshua, Rev Solomon, Rev Paulo (Tumutumu), Rev Jeremia (Chogoria), Rev Joshua, Rev Benjamin." Group portrait of ministers seated outside of The Manse. The Kikuyu Mission had been founded on a temporary site by the Imperial British East Africa Company in 1891, before moving to Kikuyu territory in 1898, under the Rev. Thomas Watson. Located on the ‘lower shamba’, the site stands 12 miles from Nairobi, at a distance of approximately 342 miles away from the coast. The Church of Scotland assumed control of the Mission in 1901. ❧ "A Series of Photos illustrating Life and Work at Kikuyu. August 1926. Rev W.B. Stevenson.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79481
title: Four old indigenous men, Anatom, ca.1890

description: “Aneityum [Anatom] - Native elders of the Mission Church. In the middle is a chief, the old man with the stick on the left hand is blind. When Mrs. Lawrie’s youngest child was born, this old man begged admission to the room where the infant lay. They wondered why, because he could not see the child. He asked them to guide his hand to the child’s head, and then sinking to his knees, prayed very earnestly for God’s blessing and protection on the infant’s life.”  Portrait of three men standing and one sitting in front of a building. They are heavily bearded and one appears to be carrying an umbrella. James Hay Lawrie and his wife were Presbyterian missionaries from Edinburgh and based on Aneityum, New Hebrides [Vanuatu], from 1879-1896. Later he was minister of several charges in New South Wales. Margaret Lawrie died in 1922 and her husband in 1929.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79457
title: Medical missionaries, Acheng, 1910

description: “Dr Cowan & Miss Paton, Ashihi [Acheng] 1910.” Portrait of two women standing at a circular gateway in a wall. The Women’s Foreign Mission had a strong presence in Manchuria and the majority of girl’s schools and women’s hospitals were run by female missionaries, many were qualified teachers or doctors. The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 when Dr Thomas Young arrived on itinerant medical work and treated over five hundred patients in three weeks. The mission was gifted a property from which they could do medical and evangelical work and Ashiho became the central hub for the region. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79473
title: Interior of the mission house, Ashiho, Manchuria, 1910

description: The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 and the town, which lay in the Sungari district in the north of Manchuria, was described as having mud walls and being irregularly laid out. James Stobie (b.1869) was appointed to Manchuria in 1894 and served in the Ashiho station with his wife Katherine Kirk Paton. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79448
title: Street scene, winter, Acheng, 1909

description: “Ashiho [Acheng] 1909.” Street scene of a snow covered road with shops lining both sides. The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 and the town was described as having mud walls and being irregularly laid out. James Stobie (b.1869) was appointed to Manchuria in 1894 and served in the Ashiho station with his wife Katherine Kirk Paton. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79470
title: David Cruden Davidson and Miss Davidson, Ashiho, Manchuria, 1910

description: “Rev. D. C. & Miss Davidson, Ashiho [Acheng], 1910.”Group portrait of a man and woman wearing winter clothes and standing in the snow. David Cruden Davidson (1880-) was ordained to Manchuria in 1905 and was based in Ashiho with his sister [Mary?]. He married Janet Anderson Watson on 13 July 1911and spent his war service in France with the Y.M.C.A., 1918-1920. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 and the town, which lay in the Sungari district in the north of Manchuria, was described as having mud walls and being irregularly laid out. James Stobie (b.1869) was appointed to Manchuria in 1894 and served in the Ashiho station with his wife Katherine Kirk Paton. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79491
title: Settlement, Havannah Harbour, Éfaté, ca.1890

description: "Efate [Éfaté] - French settlement, now vacated, at Havannah Harbour.”  Exterior view of grassed area with fenced-off buildings in the distance. Havannah Harbour was the main port of call in the New Hebrides [Vanuatu] until the early 1880s, when it was displaced as the group’s European metropolis by the more recent French settlement at Vila Bay.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79663
title: St Cuthbert's, Church, Limuru, Kenya, September 1926

description: St Cuthbert's, Limuru. Opened by Rev W.B. Stevenson. Sunday 5th September 1926. [pictured] Mr W.E.D Knight (Donor of site) & Colin [in middle] Rev Mr Stevenson." Group portrait of three individuals outside the main entrance to the chirch at Limuru during the official opening. The Kikuyu Mission had been founded on a temporary site by the Imperial British East Africa Company in 1891, before moving to Kikuyu territory in 1898, under the Rev. Thomas Watson. Located on the ‘lower shamba’, the site stands 12 miles from Nairobi, at a distance of approximately 342 miles away from the coast. The Church of Scotland assumed control of the Mission in 1901. ❧ "A Series of Photos illustrating Life and Work at Kikuyu. August 1926. Rev W.B. Stevenson.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80181
title: Female domestic staff, Blantyre School, Malawi, ca.1926

description: "Two dormitory girls." Portrait of two African school girls preparing to carry out domestic work.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79463
title: Korean Gate, Liaoyang, China, 1910

description: “Korean gate, Liaoyang” An ancient gate in the city wall where Chinese and Koreans were allowed to trade. This is where John Ross (1842-1915) presented a copy of the Chinese Testament to a Korean mandarin which led to the Korean translation of the New Testament. Liaoyang is situated on the Tai-tzu River south west of Moukden [Shenyang] and the United Presbyterian Church first established an outpost there when Old Wang, an indigenous evangelist, was sent there in 1882 by the Rev John Ross.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79539
title: Missionary’s house, Éfaté, ca.1890

description: “Rev. D. McDonald’s House.” Exterior view of a small modern-style clapboard house with a veranda and a metal sheet roof. Daniel Macdonald, a Presbyterian Church of Victoria missionary to the New Hebrides [Vanuatu] from 1872 to 1905, published widely and at length on the languages of Efaté [Éfaté]. He settled in Havannah Harbour in the north-west of the island at the now abandoned village of Utaon.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79454
title: Girl’s School, Acheng, 1910

description: “Ashiho [Acheng] Girl’s School” “Miss Paton” Group portrait of young school children posed outside the school in the snow. The Women’s Foreign Mission had a strong presence in Manchuria and the majority of girl’s schools and women’s hospitals were run by female missionaries, many were qualified teachers or doctors. The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 when Dr Thomas Young arrived on itinerant medical work and treated over five hundred patients in three weeks. The mission was gifted a property from which they could do medical and evangelical work and Ashiho became the central hub for the region. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79452
title: Girl’s School, Acheng, 1910

description: “Ashiho [Acheng] Girl’s School, 1910.” Unposed group portrait of children being organised into their places for a photograph. The Women’s Foreign Mission had a strong presence in Manchuria and the majority of girl’s schools and women’s hospitals were run by female missionaries, many were qualified teachers or doctors. The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 when Dr Thomas Young arrived on itinerant medical work and treated over five hundred patients in three weeks. The mission was gifted a property from which they could do medical and evangelical work and Ashiho became the central hub for the region. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79668
title: Train engine, Mombasa, Kenya, ca.1911

description: “In order to reach Kikuyu, we leave Mombasa at eleven o’clock one morning, by train which goes on to the Uganda Railway, right up to the Lake District a distance of over 550 miles. You travel all that day and night. The next morning when you waken up, you find you have got to the great rolling plains.” Three of the Kikuyu missionaries sit on a bench, fitted to the front of a steam engine above the ‘pilot’, and wear hats and heavy overcoats. ❧ "This Lecture was prepared by Dr J.W. Arthur in October 1911 on his voyage to Mombasa. The set of slides is the gift to the Kikuyu Mission of the Young Peoples Meeting at the Burgh Hall, Hillhead, of which he was for many years a member." A green folder marked 'Kikuyu' and containing lecture notes and relevant photographs to accompany lantern slides.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80055
title: Young boys eating, Malawi, ca.1910

description: "Porridge & Beans". Group portrait of four young boys sitting at a table, all on one side facing the camera, eating porridge and beans. There is a man behind them with a ladle full of food, which he is about to place on the plate of the boy second from the left. The boys are all holding porridge in their right hands. The table the boys are seated at is wood as is the bench they are sitting on. There is a brick wall in the background.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79648
title: Kamahea's School, Kikuyu, Kenya, August 1926

description: Kamahea's School". Group portrait of young and older students standing outside school building. The Kikuyu Mission had been founded on a temporary site by the Imperial British East Africa Company in 1891, before moving to Kikuyu territory in 1898, under the Rev. Thomas Watson. Located on the ‘lower shamba’, the site stands 12 miles from Nairobi, at a distance of approximately 342 miles away from the coast. In April of 1900, the first day-school was opened for children. By March 1926, The Alliance High School for older boys was established, principled by Mr G.A. Grieve. Crops were grown (maize, beans and sweet potatoes) in part to provide foods for the school children. The Church of Scotland then assumed control of the Mission in 1901. ❧ "A Series of Photos illustrating Life and Work at Kikuyu. August 1926. Rev W.B. Stevenson.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79561
title: Men and boys with slit drums, Malakula, ca.1890

description: “Heathen natives and idols – Malekula [Malakula] - people very savage at this place.” Group portrait of around 20 men and boys, naked except for ‘nambas’ (traditional penis sheaths from the New Hebrides [Vanuatu]). The people of the New Hebrides cut large logs with 'totem' type carvings on the outer surface and hollow out the centre leaving only a slit down the front. These hollowed out logs give the deep resonance of drums when hit on the outside with sticks.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79450
title: Mission at Acheng, Manchuria, 1909

description: “Ashiho [Acheng]. red mission building, 1909.”Exterior view of the red brick, single story, mission building at Ashiho with a figure standing in a temporary portico. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 and the town was described as having mud walls and being irregularly laid out. James Stobie (b.1869) was appointed to Manchuria in 1894 and served in the Ashiho station with his wife Katherine Kirk Paton. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79538
title: Missionary and congregation in front of church, Éfaté, ca.1890

description: “Efaté [Éfaté] - Rev. D. McDonald and his people in front of old church at Havannah Harbour.” Portrait of Daniel MacDonald and a large group of Christian converts in front of a thatched church building. Daniel Macdonald, a Presbyterian Church of Victoria missionary to the New Hebrides [Vanuatu] from 1872 to 1905, published widely and at length on the languages of Efaté [Éfaté]. He settled in Havannah Harbour in the north-west of the island at the now abandoned village of Utaon. Havannah Harbour was the main port of call in the New Hebrides [Vanuatu] until the early 1880s, when it was displaced as the group’s European metropolis by the more recent French settlement at Vila Bay.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79577
title: Indigenous pastor, Anatom, Vanuatu, 1903

description: “Epetento (native pastor) and wife standing in front of their house, Aneityum.” Exterior view showing a married couple standing outside a thatched hut. Epetento was ordained in 1897 on Aneityum.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80152
title: Laying foundations, Blantyre church, Malawi, November 1888

description: "Group taken at laying foundations of Blantyre Church". Group portrait showing Europeans present at the laying of the foundation stone of Blantyre church Malawi, November 1888. The group are arranged under a shelter with three men seated on the ground at the front of the image, the man to the right of the image holding his knee is Rev. D. C. Scott, the man in the middle is Dr. John Bowie. There are six women and two children are seated and seven men standing behind. The church was build by D.C. Scott to his own design and finished in 1891. David Clement Ruffelle Scott, (1853-1907) was born in Edinburgh. He attended school in Edinburgh then worked in an actuary's office before a calling to the church led him to study Arts and Divinity at the University of Edinburgh. Scott was ordained in 1881 and immediately sent to be head of the Church of Scotland mission at Blantyre in Nyasaland [Malawi]. Scott was a brilliant linguist, he wrote the Cyclopaedic Dictionary of the Mang'anja Language (1892). Much of the periodical Life and Work in Central Africa between 1886 and 1898 was written by Scott. In 1895 his wife, brother-in-law and brother died in Malawi. He resigned in 1898. In 1901 he returned to Africa, to head the Kikuyu mission in British East Africa (Kenya) which had just been taken over by the Church of Scotland. The death of his second wife in 1902, a series of illnesses, and criticism of his methods of running the mission at Kikuyu marred the final years of his life. Scott died there on the 13th of October 1907.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80040
title: Group portrait, school children, Mulanje, Malawi, ca.1904

description: "School Children, M'lange [Mulanje]". Exterior group portrait of school children, assembled in rows facing the camera.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79485
title: River scene, Erromango, Vanuatu, 1903

description: “Scene on River Williams, Erromanga [Erromango].” Landscape view with an indigenous man standing in a river. John Williams (1796-1839) was commissioned by the London Missionary Society in 1816, and active in the South Pacific. In 1839, while visiting a part of the New Hebrides where he was unknown, Williams and his fellow missionary James Harris were killed on the island of Erromango during an attempt to bring them the Gospel. The river and bay are named after him.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80128
title: Riverside picnic, Domasi, Malawi, ca.1910

description: "At Domasi". Exterior view taken across a river showing four European men and six European women seated on the rocks next to a river. There are two African attendants standing in the background. Forest surrounds the river on both sides.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80089
title: Building mission station at Kikuyu, Kenya, ca.1904

description: "(on right) Dr Uffman's house (centre) Dr Scott's Manse. Church in skeleton. (on left) native village". Exterior view of the construction of the mission station, there are three indigenous people facing the camera in the foreground of the image. There is a corrugated metal building to the right of the image and multiple traditional thatched huts in the process of construction to the left of the image. The skeleton of the church can be seen in the top left of the image. The Kikuyu mission was established by the East African Scottish Mission in 1891 under the direction of Mr Thomas Watson. Mr Watson died of pneumonia on the 4/12/1900 and the mission came under the management of the Church of Scotland Mission (CSM). Rev. David Clement Ruffelle Scott was sent from Blantyre to head the mission and arrived with his wife and Doctor Uffman in 1901.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80096
title: Workers gathered in front of church construction site, Kikuyu, Kenya, ca.1910

description: "Mission workers - Church (left) new Manse (in distance)". Exterior view showing a large group of people assembled on and around a road track in front of a church construction. The building can be seen to the left of the image and in the distance on a hill can be seen the manse. The Kikuyu mission was established by the East African Scottish Mission in 1891, at Kibwezi, under the direction of Mr Thomas Watson. It moved to Dagoretti in 1898 after severe hardships at the original site. Mr Watson died of pneumonia on the 4/12/1900 and the mission came under the management of the Church of Scotland Mission (CSM). Rev. David Clement Ruffelle Scott was sent from Blantyre to head the mission and arrived with his wife and Doctor Uffman in 1901.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80288
title: Dining hall, Livingstonia, Malawi, ca.1903

description: “Dining hall and dwelling house.” Exterior view of a large, one storey, brick building. ❧ The Livingstonia mission station was established in 1891 by Dr Robert Laws (1851-1934) when he travelled north from Bandawe to set up a Training Institution and Industrial Mission. It was situated four miles from Lake Nyasa at Khondowe. As well as the school, hospital and accommodation, there were workshops for carpentry, printing and engineering, and mills, brickworks and a pottery. The Overtoun Institution was named after John Campbell White, Baron of Overtoun (1843-1908) who was a Convener of the Livingstonia Mission and a major financial contributor. ❧ Album containing photographs recording a voyage up the Shire River and scenes from the Livingstonia mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80084
title: Room decorated for social event, Blantyre Malawi, ca.1910

description: "Blantyre School done up for social meeting". Interior view showing part of a room and adjoining space. The room has tables furnished with tablecloths and tea crockery and multiple woven, embroidered or wooden chairs. There is an upright piano on the mid-right side of the image and the tea settings continue on tables in the adjoining space. There are drapes on the windows and between the two rooms. A drape can be seen across the top right of the image.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79449
title: Street scene, winter, Acheng, 1909

description: “Ashiho [Acheng]. a temple. 1909.” Exterior view of a crowd of people gathering in an open area beside four large poles and several tents. The United Presbyterian Church started work in Ashiho in 1892 and the town was described as having mud walls and being irregularly laid out. James Stobie (b.1869) was appointed to Manchuria in 1894 and served in the Ashiho station with his wife Katherine Kirk Paton. The image is taken during the time of the Great Revival when interest in Christianity was at its height amongst the indigenous population and major inroads were being made into Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80295
title: Carpenters at work, Livingstonia, Malawi, ca.1903

description: “Sawing logs.” View of indigenous workmen cutting planks by hand. ❧ Livingstonia mission station was established in 1891 by Dr Robert Laws (1851-1934) when he travelled north from Bandawe to set up a Training Institution and Industrial Mission. It was situated four miles from Lake Nyasa at Khondowe. As well as the school, hospital and accommodation, there were workshops for carpentry, printing and engineering, and mills, brickworks and a pottery. The Overtoun Institution was named after John Campbell White, Baron of Overtoun (1843-1908) who was a Convener of the Livingstonia Mission and a major financial contributor. ❧ Album containing photographs recording a voyage up the Shire River and scenes from the Livingstonia mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80044
title: School building, Mulanje, Malawi, ca.1910

description: "M'kandia's School". Exterior view of grass roofed school building, with two men standing outside it facing the camera.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80073
title: Harry of Pantumbi and family, Malawi, ca.1910

description: "Harry of Pantumbi, with wife & child." Group portrait of a husband, wife and daughter. They are all facing the camera, with the woman on the left of the image and the little girl in front. The man is wearing European clothes and the woman and child are wearing a mix of European and African clothes. They are standing in front of bushes. Harry was from the Yao tribe and had been displaced by the Angoni raids. He returned to Angoniland, West of Lake Malawi, in 1898 to run the Pantumbi mission. He ran this mission independently and was eventually ordained. He was in charge of four native churches, with eight hundred members. He was known affectionately as “Father Harry”.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-80087
title: Namuli mountain range, Mozambique, ca.1910

description: "Namuli Mountain". Landscape view of the Namuli mountain range in Mozambique. Mount Namuli is the second highest mountain in Mozambique. To the foreground of the image is flat grassland with a large range of mountains in the distance.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79569
title: Three men, Vanuatu, ca.1890

description: “’The riddle solved’. The old man with the hat on acknowledges to having eaten human flesh, but his companion without the hat said he abhorred that kind of food.” Group portrait of two old men crouching and one man lying down with his back facing. New Hebrideans [Vanuatuans] developed a reputation as cannibals. In 1839 the first two British missionaries to be dispatched from the London Missionary Society, John Williams and James Harris, were killed and apparently eaten on Erromango or ‘Martyrs’ Island’.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79508
title: Missionary and wife with young family, Anatom, ca.1890

description: “Rev. J. H. Lawrie, Mrs. Lawrie, James Lawrie, Eliza Lawrie, John Lawrie - Aneityum [Anatom].” Studion family portrait. From James Hay Lawrie the names read anti-clockwise. He and his wife were Presbyterian missionaries from Edinburgh and based on Aneityum, New Hebrides [Vanuatu], from 1879-1896. Later he was minister of several charges in New South Wales. They had four children. Margaret Lawrie died in 1922 and her husband in 1929.