DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rn8pk0p6n
title: Data from: Optimizing enrichment of deadwood for biodiversity by varying sun exposure and tree species: an experimental approach

description: 1. The enrichment of deadwood is essential for the conservation of
 saproxylic biodiversity in managed forests. However, existing strategies
 focus on a cost-intensive increase of deadwood amount, while largely
 neglecting increasing deadwood diversity. 2. Deadwood objects, i.e. logs
 and branches, from six tree species were experimentally sun-exposed,
 canopy-shaded, and artificially shaded for four years, after which the
 alpha-, beta-, and gamma-diversity of saproxylic beetles, wood-inhabiting
 fungi, and spiders were analyzed. Analyses of beta-diversity included the
 spatial distance between exposed deadwood objects. A random-drawing
 procedure was used to identify the combination of tree species and sun
 exposure that yielded the highest gamma-diversity at a minimum of exposed
 deadwood amount. 3. In sun-exposed plots, species numbers in logs were
 higher than in shaded plots for all taxa, while in branches we observed
 the opposite for saproxylic beetles. Tree species affected the species
 numbers only of saproxylic beetles and wood-inhabiting fungi. The
 beta-diversity of saproxylic beetles and wood-inhabiting-fungi among logs
 was influenced by sun exposure and tree species, but beta-diversity of
 spiders by sun exposure only. For all saproxylic taxa recorded in logs,
 differences between communities increased with increasing spatial
 distance. 4. A combination of canopy-shaded Carpinus logs and sun-exposed
 Populus logs resulted in the highest species numbers of all investigated
 saproxylic taxa among all possible combinations of tree species and
 sun-exposure treatments. 5. Synthesis and applications. We recommend
 incorporating the enrichment of different tree species and particularly
 the variation in sun exposure into existing strategies of deadwood
 enrichment. Based on the results of our study, we suggest to combine logs
 of softwood broadleaf tree species (e.g. Carpinus, Populus), hardwood
 broadleaf tree species (e.g. Quercus) and coniferous tree species (e.g.
 Pinus) under different conditions of sun exposure and distribute them
 spatially in a landscape to maximize the beneficial effects on overall
 diversity.
description: Deadwood objects, i.e. logs and branches, from six tree species
 were experimentally sun-exposed, canopy-shaded, and artificially shaded
 for four years in a temperate forest in northern Bavaria. Species of
 saproxylic beetles and spiders were collected by using stem emergence
 traps (logs) and rearing (branches). Basidiomes of wood-inhibiting fungi
 were assessed visually. This dataset
 includes: 1. Species data: Species data of saproxylic
 beetles, wood-inhabiting fungi and spiders 2.
 Coordinates: Coordinates of single deadwood objects 3.
 Phylogenetic tree: Phylogenetic tree of established tree species
 4. Branch data: Data of volume and surface of single branch
 bundles
description: The phylogenetic tree of tree species was adapted from Durka
 & Michalski (2012). Durka, W., & Michalski, S. G. (2012). Daphne : a dated phylogeny of a large European flora for phylogenetically informed ecological analyses. <i>Ecology</i>, <i>93</i>(7), 2297.