cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/3s3k-b156
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Peltier - Southwest Ecological Memory Project Site J3-P8 - PIED - ITRDB NM625

description: Trees are long-lived organisms that integrate climate conditions across years or decades to produce secondary growth. This integration process is sometimes referred to as 'climatic memory.' While widely perceived, the physiological processes underlying this temporal integration, such as the storage and remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), are rarely explicitly studied. This is perhaps most apparent when considering drought legacies (perturbed post-drought growth responses to climate), and the physiological mechanisms underlying these lagged responses to climatic extremes. Yet, drought legacies are likely to become more common if warming climate brings more frequent drought. To quantify the linkages between drought legacies, climate memory and NSC, we measured tree growth (via tree ring widths) and NSC concentrations in three dominant species across the southwestern USA. We analyzed these data with a hierarchical mixed effects model to evaluate the time-scales of influence of past climate (memory) on tree growth. We then evaluated the role of climate memory and the degree to which variation in NSC concentrations were related to forward-predicted growth during the hot 2011-2012 drought and subsequent 4-year recovery period. Populus tremuloides exhibited longer climatic memory compared to either Pinus edulis or Juniperus osteosperma, but following the 2011-2012 drought, P. tremuloides trees with relatively longer memory of temperature conditions showed larger (more negative) drought legacies. Conversely, Pinus edulis trees with longer temperature memory had smaller (less negative) drought legacies. For both species, higher NSC concentrations followed more negative (larger) drought legacies, though the relevant NSC fraction differed between P. tremuloides and P. edulis. Our results suggest that differences in tree NSC are also imprinted upon tree growth responses to climate across long time scales, which also underlie tree resilience to increasingly frequent drought events under climate change.
description: These tree ring data were collected to assess the climate memory of tree growth around the southwestern US in "ecologically sampled" trees. Trees were from a range of size classes and vigors, but were all dominant or co-dominant. Sites J3 (Juniper) and P8 (Pinyon) are co-located. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/3k0p-wk61
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Teringi Bog, Estonia 4,200 Year Stable Isotope and Carbon Data

description: Radiocarbon-dated peat cores collected from an ombrotrophic bog in southern Estonia record shifting environmental conditions and carbon accumulation rates in northern Europe during the late Holocene. Modern observations indicate that the water balance of the peatland is highly influenced by changes in relative humidity, followed by temperature and precipitation. The modern d18O and d2H values of surface water suggest that the groundwater is an integration of several months of precipitation. There also appears to be little or no direct influence of surface evaporation on the water within the bog, suggesting that water loss is preferentially through transpiration and sub-surface flow. Bulk peat d13C values exhibit a trend of higher values through the late Holocene, suggesting a pattern of overall increased surface wetness. The d15N values were low from ~4130 to 3645 cal yr BP, suggesting drier conditions, followed by intermediate values until ~2995 cal yr BP. The d15N values decrease again from ~2995 to 2470 cal yr BP, suggesting a return to drier conditions, followed by intermediate values until ~955 cal yr BP. The d15N values were high, suggesting wetter conditions from ~955 to 250 cal yr BP, followed by intermediate values through the modern. Carbon accumulation rates were low to intermediate from ~4200 to 2470 cal yr BP, followed by intermediate-to-high values until ~1645 cal yr BP. Carbon accumulation rates were then low until ~585 cal yr BP, followed by intermediate values through the modern. The geochemical data, combined with observed changes in peat composition and regional proxies of temperature and water table fluctuations through the late Holocene, suggest that carbon accumulation rates were relatively low under dry and warm conditions, whereas accumulation was generally higher (up to ~80 g C m-2 yr-1) when the climate was wetter and/or colder. These findings further suggest that future environmental changes affecting the regional water balance and temperature will impact the potential for northern peatlands to capture and store carbon.
description: Stable isotope (d13C and d15N) and geochemical (carbon, nitrogen, organic carbon) data from sediments collected in Teringi Bog, Estonia, for the past 4,200 years.
DOI: 10.25921/3gxj-e626
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Jersey Valley County Park - QUMA - ITRDB WI036

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/3hqh-t167
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Boyd - Interior Alaska Aspen Site SA1021 - PPTR - ITRDB AK177

description: Climate change-driven droughts and insect outbreaks are becoming more frequent and widespread, increasing forest vulnerability to mortality. By addressing the impacts of climate and insects on tree growth preceding death, we can better understand tree mortality risk under a changing climate. Here, we used tree stature and interannual growth (basal area increment; BAI) to assess processes leading to trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) survival or mortality during an unprecedented leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) outbreak in boreal North America. We identified eight sites (22 plots) in the longest running forest monitoring network in Alaska, spanning ~350 km of latitude, that experienced >=0.25 Mg ha-1 yr-1 aspen mortality during the outbreak. We compared the size and canopy position, growth patterns, and sensitivity to climate and leaf mining of aspen that survived (living; n = 84) vs. died (dying; n = 76) and linked the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to plot-level aspen growth and stand biomass recruitment, growth, and mortality. Dying aspen were in the subcanopy, smaller in diameter, and after a drought in 1957 had lower growth than living aspen until death. Before the outbreak, growth of all trees was positively influenced by moisture and negatively by temperature, but only living trees maintained this climate response during the outbreak. Leaf mining reduced growth of both groups, exerting at least a twofold greater impact than climate. The NDVI captured plot-level tree growth and stand biomass growth and mortality, yet it was nearly two times more strongly associated with living than dying tree growth and 12 times more strongly associated with biomass growth than mortality. These differences suggest that NDVI may inadequately detect insect-driven dieback and dispersed mortality of aspen across the boreal biome. Our findings reveal that a historic drought triggered a multi-decadal growth decline that predisposed aspen to mortality during the leaf miner outbreak and that while aspen growth is influenced by moisture and temperature, it is more strongly affected by P. populiella. We conclude that as the climate warms and insect outbreaks increase in frequency and magnitude at high latitudes, we should expect to see persistent and greater declines in aspen growth and increases in mortality.
description: This data file contains raw ring-width chronologies of individual trees that died (dying) and survived (living) an insect oubreak of Phyllocnistis populiella (outbreak period: 1997-2013) in Interior Alaska.  Living trees have ring-width measurements up to 2015 and the tree names are preceded by TA whereas dying tree ring-width measurements end in 1997-2013 and the tree names are preceded by TM. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.10669.69603
title: A Proposal for the falisity of First Imcompleteness Goedel Yheorem
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.18324.30087
title: software for turing pattern formation
DOI: 10.25921/3s96-9c26
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - West Pacific GeoB17402-2 18,000 Year Foraminifera Stable Isotope Data

description: During the early part of the last glacial termination (17.2–15 ka) and coincident with a ∼35 ppm rise in atmospheric CO2, a sharp 0.3‰–0.4‰ decline in atmospheric δ13CO2 occurred, potentially constraining the key processes that account for the early deglacial CO2 rise. A comparable δ13C decline has also been documented in numerous marine proxy records from surface and thermocline-dwelling planktic foraminifera. The δ13C decline recorded in planktic foraminifera has previously been attributed to the release of respired carbon from the deep ocean that was subsequently transported within the upper ocean to sites where the signal was recorded (and then ultimately transferred to the atmosphere). Benthic δ13C records from the global upper ocean, including a new record presented here from the tropical Pacific, also document this distinct early deglacial δ13C decline. Here we present modeling evidence to show that rather than respired carbon from the deep ocean propagating directly to the upper ocean prior to reaching the atmosphere, the carbon would have first upwelled to the surface in the Southern Ocean where it would have entered the atmosphere. In this way the transmission of isotopically light carbon to the global upper ocean was analogous to the ongoing ocean invasion of fossil fuel CO2. The model results suggest that thermocline waters throughout the ocean and 500–2000 m water depths were affected by this atmospheric bridge during the early deglaciation.
description: Stable isotope (d13C and d18O) data from the bentic foraminifera Cibicidoides mundulus from west Pacific core GeoB17402-2 for the past 18,000 years.
DOI: 10.25574/43768
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 43768
DOI: 10.25921/3tm4-0274
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Esper - Eifel - PCAB - ITRDB GERM235

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Missing rings were inserted with the value 1. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-09-03.
DOI: 10.25921/3w61-bq07
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Greater Yellowstone Ecoregion 1,250 Year Maximum Temperature Reconstruction

description: Projected warming of global surface air temperatures will further exacerbate droughts, wildfires, and other agents of ecosystem stress. We use latewood blue intensity from high-elevation Picea engelmannii to reconstruct late-summer maximum air temperature for the Greater Yellowstone Ecoregion (GYE) spanning 770-2019 CE. Using a robust regression model (r2=0.60), the 1,250-year reconstruction reveals 2016 as the single-warmest year and the warming trend since ca. 2000 as the most intense. The Medieval Climate Anomaly contained the highest-ranking warm event (1050-1070 CE) and was characterized by substantial multi-decadal variability rather than a period of prolonged, homogeneous warming. We document regional expression of past warm and cool events, such as an anomalously warm period spanning the 15th-16th centuries, and the Maunder and Dalton minima of the Little Ice Age. Summer temperature variability across the GYE shows multi-centennial agreement with trends in solar irradiance, volcanic activity, snowpack, and other regional-to-hemispheric temperature records.
description: Reconstruction of late-summer maximum air temperature based on latewood blue intensity from high-elevation Picea engelmannii tree-rings for 770-2019 CE.
DOI: 10.25921/3hf3-az51
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Vanoni - Sumvitg - ABAL - ITRDB SWIT397

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Reference: 
# Vanoni M. 2012. Klimatische Einflusse auf die Wachstumsvariabilitat von Weisstanne und Fichte entlang des Weisstannen-Ausbreitungsgradienten. Master thesis. ETH Zurich, Zurich. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-05-03.
DOI: 10.25574/43787
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 43787
DOI: 10.25921/32v3-4280
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan 11,000 Year Lake Sediment Metals Data

description: The Old Copper Complex (OCC) refers to the production of heavy copper-tool technology by Archaic Native American societies in the Lake Superior region. To better define the timing of the OCC, we evaluated 53 (eight new and 45 published) radiocarbon (14C) dates associated with copper artifacts and mines. We compared these dates to six lake sediment-based chronologies of copper mining and annealing in the Michigan Copper District. 14C dates grouped by archaeological context show that cremation remains, and wood and cordage embedded in copper artifacts have ages that overlap with the timing of high lead (Pb) concentrations in lake sediment. In contrast, dates in stratigraphic association and from mines are younger than those from embedded and cremation materials, suggesting that the former groups reflect the timing of processes that occurred post-abandonment. The comparatively young dates obtained from copper mines therefore likely reflect abandonment and infill of the mines rather than active use. Excluding three anomalously young samples, the ages of embedded organic material associated with 15 OCC copper artifacts range from 8500 to 3580 cal BP, confirming that the OCC is among the oldest known metalworking societies in the world.
description: Sediment metals (Pb, Ti, Mg, Fe) plus organic matter concentration data from 5 lakes in the Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan for the past 11,000 years.
DOI: 10.25574/43796
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 43796
DOI: 10.25921/37k2-bk64
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Maxwell - Johnson Nature Preserve - QURU - ITRDB OH015

description: Our understanding of the natural variability of hydroclimate before the instrumental period (ca. 1900 CE in the United States) is largely dependent on tree-ring-based reconstructions. Large-scale soil moisture reconstructions from a network of tree-ring chronologies have greatly improved our understanding of the spatial and temporal variability in hydroclimate conditions, particularly extremes of both drought and pluvial (wet) events. However, certain regions within these large-scale network reconstructions in the US are modeled by few tree-ring chronologies. Further, many of the chronologies currently publicly available on the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) were collected in the 1980s and 1990s, and thus our understanding of the sensitivity of radial growth to soil moisture in the US is based on a period that experienced multiple extremely severe droughts and neglects the impacts of recent, rapid global change. In this study, we expanded the tree-ring network of the Ohio River valley in the US, a region with sparse coverage. We used a total of 72 chronologies across 15 species to examine how increasing the density of the tree-ring network influences the representation of reconstructing the Palmer Meteorological Drought Index (PMDI). Further, we tested how the sampling date and therefore the calibration period influenced the reconstruction models by creating reconstructions that ended in the year 1980 and compared them to reconstructions ending in 2010 from the same chronologies. We found that increasing the density of the tree-ring network resulted in reconstructed values that better matched the spatial variability of instrumentally recorded droughts and, to a lesser extent, pluvials. By extending the calibration period to 2010 compared to 1980, the sensitivity of tree rings to PMDI decreased in the southern portion of our region where severe drought conditions have been absent over recent decades. We emphasize the need of building a high-density tree-ring network to better represent the spatial variability of past droughts and pluvials. Further, chronologies on the ITRDB need updating regularly to better understand how the sensitivity of tree rings to climate may vary through time.
description: Density of tree-ring network influence on drought reconstruction NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-12-29.
DOI: 10.25921/3w9r-m207
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Chernykh - Tsypinsky Pogost Church of Elijah the Prophet - PISP - ITRDB RUSS285

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: dendrochronological dating of archaeological materials; site ID: cipinoetR NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-11-18.
DOI: 10.25921/3zya-mj09
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bahamas Blue Hole Grain Size Data and Paleohurricane Frequency Data

description: The northern Bahamas have experienced more frequent intense-hurricane impacts than almost anywhere else in the Atlantic since 1850 CE. In 2019, category 5 (Saffir-Simpson scale) Hurricane Dorian demonstrated the destructive potential of these natural hazards. Problematically, determining whether high hurricane activity levels remained constant through time is difficult given the short observational record (< 170 years). We present a 700-year long, near-annually resolved stratigraphic record of hurricane passage near Thatchpoint Blue Hole (TPBH) on Abaco Island, The Bahamas. Using longer sediment cores (888 cm) and more reliable age-control, this study revises and temporally expands a previous study from TPBH that underestimated the sedimentation rate. TPBH records at least 13 >= category 2 hurricanes per century between 1500 to 1670 CE, which exceeds the 9 >= category 2 hurricanes per century within 50 km of TPBH since 1850 CE. The eastern United States also experienced frequent hurricanes from 1500 to 1670 CE, but frequency was depressed elsewhere in the Atlantic Ocean. This suggests that spatial heterogeneity in Atlantic hurricane activity since 1850 CE could have persisted throughout the last millennium. This heterogeneity is impacted by climatic and stochastic forcing, but additional high-resolution paleo-hurricane reconstructions are required to assess the mechanisms that impact regional variability.
description: Near-annually resolved coarse sediment fraction data and 700-year paleohurricane event reconstruction from Great Abaco Island, Bahamas (Thatchpoint Blue Hole), plus South Andros Island, Bahamas composite (AM2, AM4, AM5 Blue Holes) tropical cyclone event and frequency records.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110864750
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0406.204, PFAnep 0406.204

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0406.204, PFUT 0406-204 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on bottom edge, left edge, obverse, upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Part of reverse damaged, with cracks. (Upper and bottom edges may be reversed)
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110864752
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0406.204, PFAnep 0406.204

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0406.204, PFUT 0406-204 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on bottom edge, left edge, obverse, upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Part of reverse damaged, with cracks. (Upper and bottom edges may be reversed)
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110863558
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0404.201, PFAnep 0404.201

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0404.201, PFUT 0404-201 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on bottom edge, reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Some damage on left edge, obverse.