DOI: 10.18739/a28c9r55m
title: Northern Hemisphere cyclone track data - Arctic Ocean focus 1979-2018, 2071-2100

description: This dataset contains cyclone track data from reanalysis, regional climate model, and global climate model datasets as well as the analysis described in Valkonen et al. (2021). The cyclone tracking algorithm used to create these data was originally written by Serreze (1995) and Serreze et al. (1993) and updated by Crawford et al. (2016). The cyclone track code and citing information can be found here: https://github.com/alexcrawford0927/cyclonetracking. The cyclone track data provided here was created using version 10.3 of the cyclone track code. The cyclone tracking algorithm locates and tracks minima in gridded sea level pressure gridded to the Equal-Area Scalable Earth (EASE1) 50 kilometer (km) grid (latitudes/longitudes are provided in the Cyclone_lats_lons.nc file). The study area is the Northern Hemisphere with elevations less than 1500 meters, and the temporal resolution is 6 hourly. This dataset includes cyclone track output from the following datasets: Reanalysis datasets (time period 1979-2015) -European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts’ interim reanalysis (ERAI; (Dee et al. 2011) -European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts’ fifth generation reanalysis (ERA5; Hersbach, et al., 2020) -NOAA’s Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR); Saha el al., 2010) Regional climate model (time period 1989-2018) -Regional Arctic System Model (RASM; Cassano et al. 2017) CMIP6 model output (time period historical 1985-2014; time period future 2071-2100 (RCP8.5)) (Eyring et al., 2016) -Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model (BCC-CSM2-MR; Wu et al., 2019) -EC-Earth3 Earth system model (EC-Earth3; Döscher, et al. 2022) -Max Planck Institute Earth System Model 1.2, high resolution (MPI-ESM1-2-HR; Gutjahr et al., 2019) -Max Planck Institute Earth System Model 1.2, low resolution (MPI-ESM1-2-LR; Mauritsen et al., 2019) -The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0 (MRI-ESM2-0; Yukimoto et al. 2019) References cited here: Cassano, J. J., et al. 2017: Development of the Regional Arctic System Model (RASM): Near-surface atmospheric climate sensitivity. Journal Of Climate, 30, 5729-5753. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0775.1 Crawford A.D. and M.C. Serreze (2016). Does the Arctic frontal zone impact summer cyclone activity in the Arctic Ocean? Journal of Climate, 29, 4977-4993, doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0755.s1. Dee et al., 2011: The ERAI-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Q .J. Roy. Met. Soc., 137, 553-597. Döscher, R., et al. 2022: The EC-Earth3 Earth system model for the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6. Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 2973-3020. Eyring, V., et al. 2016: Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experimental design and organization. Geosci. Model. Dev., 9, 1937-1958. Gutjahr et al., 2019: Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM1.2) for the High-Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP). Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 3241-3281. Hersbach, H., et al., 2020: The ERA5 global reanalysis. Q .J. Roy. Met. Soc., 146, 1999-2049. Mauritsen, T., et al., 2019: Developments in the MPI-M Earth System Model version 1.2 (MPI-ESM1.2) and its response to increasing CO2, JAMES, 11, 998-1038. Saha, S., et al. (2010) The NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis. Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 91, 1015-1057. Serreze, M. C., 1995: Climatological aspects of cyclone development and decay in the Arctic. Atmos.–Ocean, 33 , 1–23 Serreze, M.C., Box, J.E., Barry, R.G. et al. Characteristics of Arctic synoptic activity, 1952–1989.Meteorl. Atmos. Phys. 51, 147–164 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01030491 Valkonen, E., et al. 2021: Arctic Cyclones and Their Interactions With the Declining Sea Ice: A Recent Climatology. J. Geophys. Res.-Atms., 126, e2020JD034366 Wu et al., 2019: The Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model (BCC-CSM): the main progress from CMIP5 to CMIP6, Geosci. Model Dev., 12, 1573-1600. Yukimoto, S., et al., 2019: The The Meteorological Research Institute Earth System Model Version 2.0, MRI-ESM2-0: Description and basic evaluation of the physical component. J. Met. Soc. Japan Ser II, 97, 5