DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t7f058k
title: Data from: Stage-specific genotype-by-environment interactions for cold and heat hardiness in Drosophila melanogaster.

description: Environments often vary across a life cycle, imposing fluctuating natural
 selection across development. Such fluctuating selection can drive
 evolutionary responses specific to distinct life-history stages. However,
 selection and genetic variation, phenotypic plasticity, and their
 interaction (GxE), as well as genetic correlation across development
 dictate stage-specific evolution. Thus, quantifying genetic covariance of
 fitness-related traits and plasticity across development is vital to
 determine whether stage-specific adaptation occurs in nature.
 Additionally, the interaction of genetic variation and environmental
 plasticity (GxE) may be stage-specific, leading to a 3-way interaction
 between genotype, environment, and development or GxDxE. To test for these
 patterns in a natural system, we exposed larvae and adults of Drosophila
 melanogaster isogenic lines derived from a natural population to extreme
 heat and cold after developmental acclimation to cool (18°C) and warm
 (25°C) conditions and measured genetic variance for thermal hardiness. We
 detected significant GxE that was specific to larvae and adults for cold
 and heat hardiness (GxDxE), but no significant genetic correlation across
 development for either trait at either acclimation temperature. However,
 cross-development phenotypic correlations for acclimation responses
 suggest that plasticity itself may be developmentally constrained, though
 rigorously testing this hypothesis requires more experimentation. In
 general, we find evidence for thermal niche adaptation across development
 as larvae are more heat-hardy while adults are more cold-hardy. These
 results illustrate the potential for stage-specific adaptation within a
 complex life cycle and highlight the importance of measuring traits at
 appropriate developmental stages and environmental conditions when
 predicting evolutionary responses to changing climates.
description: Cold Shock Data - 18C
 RearingThis data includes
 survival proportions for each DGRP line in both larvae and adults after a
 1h cold shock at -5C and reared at 18C. Column A: DGRP genotype (line
 number), Column B: Lifestage (L=larva, A=adult), Column C: replicate
 number, Column D: total individuals assayed, Column E: number of
 individuals that survived, Column F: (Adults only) number of adult males
 that were assayed, Column G: (Adults only) number of adult females that
 were assayed, Column H: number of individuals that were scored as dead
 after assay, Column I: proportion of larvae or adults that survived the
 assay, Column J: number of males that survived or successfully eclosed
 (larval trial) after assay, Column K: number of females that survived or
 successfully eclosed (larval trial) after assay.Cold18.csvCold Shock Data - 25C RearingThis data includes survival proportions for each DGRP line in both larvae and adults after a 1h cold shock at -5C and reared at 25C. Column A: DGRP genotype (line number), Column B: Lifestage (L=larva, A=adult), Column C: replicate number, Column D: total individuals assayed, Column E: number of individuals that survived, Column F: (Adults only) number of adult males that were assayed, Column G: (Adults only) number of adult females that were assayed, Column H: number of individuals that were scored as dead after assay, Column I: proportion of larvae or adults that survived the assay, Column J: number of males that survived or successfully eclosed (larval trial) after assay, Column K: number of females that survived or successfully eclosed (larval trial) after assay.Cold25.csvHeat Shock Data - 18C RearingThis data includes survival proportions for each DGRP line in both larvae and adults after a 1h heat shock at 38C and reared at 18C. Column A: DGRP genotype (line number), Column B: Lifestage (L=larva, A=adult), Column C: replicate number, Column D: total individuals assayed, Column E: number of individuals that survived, Column F: (Adults only) number of adult males that were assayed, Column G: (Adults only) number of adult females that were assayed, Column H: number of individuals that were scored as dead after assay, Column I: proportion of larvae or adults that survived the assay, Column J: number of males that survived or successfully eclosed (larval trial) after assay, Column K: number of females that survived or successfully eclosed (larval trial) after assay.Heat18.csvHeat Shock Data - 25C RearingThis data includes survival proportions for each DGRP line in both larvae and adults after a 1h heat shock at 38C and reared at 25C. Column A: DGRP genotype (line number), Column B: Lifestage (L=larva, A=adult), Column C: replicate number, Column D: total individuals assayed, Column E: number of individuals that survived, Column F: (Adults only) number of adult males that were assayed, Column G: (Adults only) number of adult females that were assayed, Column H: number of individuals that were scored as dead after assay, Column I: proportion of larvae or adults that survived the assay, Column J: number of males that survived or successfully eclosed (larval trial) after assay, Column K: number of females that survived or successfully eclosed (larval trial) after assay.Heat25.csv