cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.4211/hs.387427bf8b1d45d991507405a3a05c89
title: Geologic and Thermal Analysis at Ft. Benning, GA using DTS

description: Determine the Thermal Conductivity of the soil at  different "layers" down to 500'

RAW DTS data can be found here: https://nevada.app.box.com/folder/118087363227
DOI: 10.4211/hs.2b58f4b54e8e408f9e5c262372f9cea7
title: Install fiber optic cable to detect groundwater upwelling in small section of Newtown Creek Canal in New York City. The site has DNAPL contaminants.

description: Install fiber optic cable to detect groundwater upwelling in small section of Newtown Creek Canal in New York City. The site has DNAPL contaminants.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.0bf6b5daaa3a44ff8827c777fe3276b3
title: Ice Diver Distributed Temperature Sensing

description: Design, construction and laboratory testing (prior to testing in Madison) of a melt
probe with cabling to enable deployment of Raman DTS, as well as injection of ethanol
at 0 C above the descending probe, in collaboration with Collaborative Research
partners at the University of Nevada - Reno (Scott Tyler, PI) and Oregon State
University (J. Selker, PI). The University of Nevada/OSU focus is on the integration of
the DTS system into the melt probe design to provide both real time feedback on the
thermal condition of the probe, and most importantly, the entire borehole from the ice
surface to the probe. This aspect is critical as the system design relies upon a small
diameter unfroze portion of the borehole to remain open throughout the descent
phase. 

Deployment in February 2019 to Madison, WI Ice Drilling Program testing facility,
equipment testing, and return to Seattle (see Supporting Files 1 and 2 for
photographs). The new trials tested our approaches to melt-hole control and probe
recovery in the taller column, as well as cable and cable-tension-management methods
more nearly approximating those needed to work on ice sheets. Following the Madison
field trial, we conducted extensive discussion and review of data and lessons
learned.  Post audit analysis of the test indicated weaknesses in the heater designs as
well as the cable feed system, weaknesses that the testing was designed to probe.  We
then carried out modifications to the melt probe, changing the heater mountings and
control system and redesigning the DTS fiber termination system to allow for a more
seamless integration of other telemetry and ethanol.

Numerical modeling of melt-hole refreezing with and without injection of anti-freeze,
to understand quantitatively conditions where slush formation in a melt-hole filled with
ethanol/water solution and thus to guide equipment design and experimental
procedures (see Supporting Files 3 and 4 for explanatory figures). This work resulted in
a publication currently under review for a special issue of the Annals of Glaciology.

RAW DTS data can be found here:  https://nevada.app.box.com/folder/118092693469
DOI: 10.4211/hs.78d924c88b584763900780b34489622c
title: mass balance paper, 2022, supplemental figures

description: This repository holds supplemental figures for the paper "On Strictly Enforced Mass Conservation Constraints for Modeling the Rainfall-Runoff Process". These include distributions of event-based runoff ratios, scatter plots comparing event-based runoff ratios, initial (antecedent) flows, and rainfall totals, and hydrographs of every qualifying "event" that spans both Daymet and NLDAS forcing data.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.33c362aee5cc4fab93899963ed58239f
title: Willistown Conservation Trust Water Chemistry Monitoring in Ridley, Crum, and Darby Creeks

description: The goal of this project is to understand water chemistry dynamics in headwater streams in Southeastern Pennsylvania through high-frequency monitoring. A total of 10 sites in the third and fourth order stretches of Ridley, Crum, and Darby Creeks were sampled every 4 weeks from January, 2018 through July, 2022. 

This dataset includes information on methods, sample sites, and data for all the water chemistry variables studied during the entire study period. Sampling is ongoing, and files will be updated as more data are collected.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.03b262396bd54486b7120c37905322e4
title: mass balance paper, 2022, supplemental figures

description: This repository holds supplemental figures for the paper "On Strictly Enforced Mass Conservation Constraints for Modeling the Rainfall-Runoff Process". These include distributions of event-based runoff ratios, scatter plots comparing event-based runoff ratios, initial (antecedent) flows, and rainfall totals, and hydrographs of every qualifying "event" that spans both Daymet and NLDAS forcing data.
Contents: 1) "hydrographs" is a directory with images showing hydrographs for every event in the record where the event criteria is met by both NLDAS and Daymet forcings coincidentally, 2) "basin_event_distributions_and_scatter_plots" is a directory with images showing distributions of runoff coefficients (runoff ratios) from 100 nearest-neighbour events; empirical membership values of potential runoff coefficients from nearest-neighbour storms based on Mahalabonis distances based on antecedent streamflow and rainfall total, and 3) "regional_q_q_plots" is a directory with images showing quantile-quantile plots of the percentile bins of the count of the events against the corresponding idealized percentile count. This is commonly referred to as a quantile-quantile plot. We then also plot the distance (and cumulative distance) of these quantiles from the one-to-one line.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.46d980a71d2c4365aa290dc1bfdac823
title: Community Workflows to Advance Reproducibility in Hydrologic Modeling: Separating model-agnostic and model-specific configuration steps in applications of large-domain hydrologic models - Continental basin discretizations and river networks

description: Hydrologic modeling can benefit from well-documented workflows that track every decision made during model configuration. Such a workflow is described in the paper "Community Workflows to Advance Reproducibility in Hydrologic Modeling: Separating model-agnostic and model-specific configuration steps in applications of large-domain hydrologic models". This resource contains the ESRI shapefiles used in this paper's global and continental test cases. The shapefiles are provided per continent (excluding Greenland and Antarctica) and contain both river basin discretizations and river networks. These shapefiles are based on the Merit Hydro basin delineation (Lin et al., 2019) and differ from that work only in small ways. They are provided here to provide full traceability of the work presented in the "Community Workflows" paper.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.fb8349d2dcfb480cbcf0773545d675c0
title: WARM-D-22-00426

description: None
DOI: 10.4211/hs.d6e258cd5cb74bf18a4ef90177b4cd1d
title: Accompanying data to Golla et al. (2022, EPSL) "Subsurface weathering signatures in stream chemistry during an intense storm"

description: This repository contains supporting material for Golla, J.K., Bouchez, J., Kuessner, M.L. , Rempe, D.M., and Druhan, J.L. (2022) 'Subsurface weathering signatures in stream chemistry during an intense storm', Earth and Planetary Science Letters, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117773
DOI: 10.4211/hs.df4ca2bc4d84410a86f863c306c04cf8
title: Projected changes in annual maximum discharge for Iowa communities

description: Understanding the projected changes in annual maximum peak discharge is important to improve resiliency in water resource planning and design at the community level. Currently, much of the literature on climate change impacts focuses on analyses at the regional scale. In this study we use a hydrologic model to evaluate the projected changes in annual maximum peak discharge at the community-level across Iowa under two emission scenarios, Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 and 8.5 (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). We utilize climate forcings from global climate models part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projected Phase 5 (CMIP5) from 1950 to 2100. Our simulations show a detectable increase in annual maximum discharge for 70% of the Iowa communities under RCP8.5. However, under RCP4.5 only 2% of the communities are projected to face an increase in annual maximum discharge by the end of the 21st century; furthermore, precipitation intensity under this scenario is not projected to increase in the latter half of the 21st century. Our results point to a larger increase in precipitation intensity and annual maximum discharge under RCP8.5 compared to RCP4.5, especially in the second half of this century. This pattern is present in the changes in flood peak distributions, with changes detected earlier in the current century under RCP4.5. This study provides a basis for analyzing climate change impacts at a local decision-making scale. 

This resource provides the codes and some data used for this analysis.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.3953b24e0238467980a226c72cfc360e
title: Peatland Canal Methane Data from Badas, Brunei Darussalam

description: This data accompanies a manuscript submission for a study of methane dynamics in a tropical peatland drainage canal.
The data includes:
(1) Concentration of dissolved methane, carbon dioxide and d13C (isotopic signature) for canal water and peat porewater from a disturbed tropical peatland in Badas, Brunei Darussalam. 
(2) Major Ion chemistry data for porewater and canal water
(3) Levelogger data files which were used to calculate streamflow.
(4) Matlab model codes used in the publication. The Matlab script is also available from a GitHub repository: https://github.com/Lauren-Somers/Badas_Methane
DOI: 10.4211/hs.c01ef51ca2b3495785d0f24c62142e23
title: Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in streams and precipitation and young water fractions across the Andes mountains and Amazon floodplain

description: This dataset includes oxygen (d18O) and hydrogen (d2H) isotope ratios in streams and precipitation across the Andes mountains and Amazon foreland floodplain in southern Perú. Samples were collected approximately twice monthly from 2015–2020. Data presented here can be used to calculate the fraction of streamflow comprised of recent precipitation (e.g., the young water fraction sensu Kirchner, 2016). These data are used in Burt et al., 2023 to understand how precipitation moves through watersheds across the geomorphic gradient of the Andes mountains and Amazon floodplain. We also provide a Matlab script that will calculate flow-weighted young water fractions and carry out a bootstrap resampling routine to generate uncertainty intervals (e.g., Figure 8 from Burt et al., 2023)
DOI: 10.4211/hs.f1c12fa6c5be4c61a5ec617fa62e13d6
title: Large-sample hydro-meteorological dataset for the Alps

description: This dataset provides daily streamflow for 827 catchments in the Central Alps for the period 1970-2017. 
In addition, it provides daily hydro-meteorological time series for the following variables: precipitation, temperature, and snow-water-equivalent derived from gridded ERA5-Land data.This dataset accompanies the manuscript by Brunner et al. (2023) and is needed to reproduce their results.

Brunner, M. I., Götte, J., Schlemper, C., & Van Loon, A. F. (2023). Hydrological drought generation processes and severity are changing in the Alps. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, e2022GL101776. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL101776
DOI: 10.4211/hs.2ba17567bf4b429eae309750083d8634
title: Dataset for paper 'Experimental study on wake structure of an emergent vegetation patch over a high permeability bed'

description: Vegetation patches are commonly found in channels with high-permeability beds, such as gravel channels, floodplains, and wetlands. The current knowledge on patch-scale hydrodynamics is largely based on the assumption of impervious bed. It has been shown that the hydrodynamic characteristics of the river channels without vegetation are affected by bed permeability. The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of bed permeability on the hydrodynamic characteristics of vegetated channels and its mechanism. A Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) was used to investigate the wake structure of an emergent vegetation patch over a high-permeability bed.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.fdfdddbc35494e21ad2dda279f81832b
title: Stable isotopes of water and seasonal origin indices of precipitation, stream, lysimeter and plant xylem waters

description: We present oxygen (d18O) and hydrogen (d2H) isotope ratios (relative to VSMOW and in permil notation) of precipitation, stream, lysimeter and plant xylem waters collected over several years in a tropical montane cloud forested watershed in southern Peru (-13.192550, -71.587950). The stable isotope data can be used to trace the flow of water through ecosystems and addresses the sources of water that sustain streams and trees. Reported oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in precipitation have been corrected for orographic isotope effects. The plant xylem waters were corrected back to their source water isotope composition (sensu Benettin et al., 2018) – we report both the corrected isotope ratios and the uncorrected isotope ratios. From the oxygen isotope ratios, we calculate seasonal origin indices (sensu Allen et al., 2019) of stream, lysimeter and plant xylem waters, reported here. We also provide a Matlab script to load the data from Burt et al., 2023 and calculate the young water fraction of these pools and fluxes of water (sensu Kirchner, 2016), as well as generate uncertainty intervals for the young water fractions using a bootstrap resampling regime.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.9d3fafcc6327416da3f0aa577571bbc8
title: Sample code and data for 'Controls on spatial variability in mean concentrations and export patterns of river chemistry across the Australian continent'

description: This repository contains sample code and data used for H-BMA and C-BMA described in the paper "Controls on spatial variability in mean concentrations and export patterns of river chemistry across the Australian continent" which has been published in the Water Resources Research (https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR032365). 

The repository contains three files/folders:

Fuctions_C_mean_C_Q_analysis.R: R code of functions to perform H-BMA and C-BMA analysis. 

BHM_C_mean_C_Q_analysis.R: A script showing how functions are created in Fuctions_C_mean_C_Q_analysis.R can be applied to example data. 

Sample data folder: catchment characteristics (Sample_data_catchment_characteristics.txt) and C-Q metrics (Sample_data_C_Q_metrics.txt) used in this analysis. 


The state and dynamics of river chemistry are influenced by both anthropogenic and natural catchment characteristics. However, understanding key controls on catchment mean concentrations and export patterns comprehensively across a wide range of climate zones is still lacking, as most of this research is focused on temperate regions. In this study, we investigate the catchment controls on mean concentrations and export patterns (concentration–discharge relationship, C–Q slope) of river chemistry, using a long-term data set of up to 507 sites spanning five climate zones (i.e., arid, Mediterranean, temperate, subtropical, tropical) across the Australian continent. We use Bayesian model averaging (BMA) and hierarchical modelling (BHM) approaches to predict the mean concentrations and export patterns and compare the relative importance of 26 catchment characteristics (e.g., topography, climate, land use, land cover, soil properties and hydrology). Our results demonstrate that mean concentrations result from the interaction of catchment natural and anthropogenic factors (i.e., land use, topography and soil), while export patterns are more influenced by catchment natural characteristics only (i.e., topography). We also found that incorporating the effects of climate zones in a BHM framework improved the predictability of both mean concentrations and C–Q slopes, suggesting the importance of climatic controls on hydrological and biogeochemical processes. Our study provides insights into the contrasting effects of catchment controls across different climate zones. Investigating those controls can inform sustainable water quality management strategies that consider the potential changes in river chemistry state and export behaviour.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.a8529ec2281443ebb4b4728d3c5353db
title: FLUORESCENCE EXCITATION EMISSION SPECTRA OF SOIL WATER EXTRACTABLE ORGANIC MATTER ACROSS THE CONTINENTAL U.S.

description: Using multi-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), we built and validated a 6-component model to characterize SOM extracted using sequential cold (hydrologically active fraction) and hot water extractions (microbially available or labile fraction) from 40 National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) sites across the continental U.S.. Three components identified are associated with traditionally termed ‘humic-like’ components, one component is representative of particle scatter, and two components are associated with amino acid-like peaks. This dataset contains TIFF images of all blank subtracted and corrected EEMS used in building the WEOM PARAFAC Model.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.1a040b3d2bca409b92c54ccfc89f86c8
title: example input files e2022WR031943

description: This is the example input files as a supplement for the paper "Xu et al. (2022). Effects of Geologic Setting on Contaminant Transport in Deltaic Aquifers, Water Resources Research, 58, e2022WR031943."
DOI: 10.4211/hs.6f5b34803dc247e890925d7f26b04a3b
title: Map of surface water frequency observed 2017-2020, Schaffer-Smith et al 2022

description: Surface water in arid regions is essential to many organisms including large mammals of conservation concern. For many regions little is known about the extent, ecology and hydrology of ephemeral waters, because they are challenging to map given their ephemeral nature and small sizes. Our goal was to advance surface water knowledge by mapping and monitoring ephemeral water from the wet to dry seasons across the Kavango-Zambezi (KAZA) transfrontier conservation area of southern Africa (300,000 km2). We mapped individual waterholes for six time points each year from mid-2017 to mid-2020, and described their presence, extent, duration, variability, and recurrence. We further analyzed a wide range of physical and landscape aspects of waterhole locations, including soils, geology, and topography, to climate and soil moisture. We identified 2.1 million previously unmapped ephemeral waterholes (85-89% accuracy) that seasonally extend across 23.5% of the study area. We confirmed a distinct ‘blue wave’ with ephemeral water across the region peaking at the end of the rainy season. We observed a wide range of waterhole types and sizes, with large variances in seasonal and interannual hydrology. We found that ephemeral surface water spatiotemporal patterns were was associated with soil type; loam soils were most likely to hold water for longer periods in the study area. From the wettest time period to the driest, there was a ~44,000 km2 (62%) decrease in ephemeral water extent across the region—these dramatic seasonal fluctuations have implications for wildlife movement. A warmer and drier climate, expected human population growth, and associated agricultural expansion and development may threaten these sensitive and highly variable water resources and the wildlife that depend on them. 

This resource contains a map of surface water frequency observed 2017-2020.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.c8bd7d03609448aa9dfda01b90f81a13
title: Oak Ridge Earthflow Extensometer, GPS, and Piezometer Data

description: This archive includes data used in Finnegan et al.'s GRL paper "Seasonal Slow Landslide Displacement is Accommodated by mm-Scale Stick-Slip Events."  There are three directories that contain 1) Extensometer data, including Matlab processing scripts; 2) Processed GPS data; and 3) Pore fluid pressure pressure data.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.9d25aa9097864c3ab69ac87099ab2c60
title: VHGs before and after beaver dam analogue installation: Red Canyon Creek, WY, USA

description: Beaver dam analogues (BDAs) are widely used as restoration structures in western US. Thirty-one (31) new BDAs were installed in the 1.2-km study reach at Red Canyon Creek (RCC), Wyoming, USA in summer 2021, along with the repair and upgrade of four existing ones. The patterns and controls in streambed upwelling and downwelling around these dams were investigated using over 100 mini-piezometers and quantified as vertical hydraulic gradients (VHGs), both before and after installation of the structures. Results indicate that the magnitude of elevation gradient across the BDA acts as primary control: VHGs were highest near the BDAs and diminished once more than a few meters from the BDAs.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.64c594835dc841b0a43b2ad28dd01f25
title: Sagehen Creek UAS thermal sensing

description: Uncooled thermal infrared (TIR) imagers, commonly used on aircraft and small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS, “drones”), can provide high‐resolution surface temperature maps, but their accuracy is dependent on reliable calibration sources. A novel method for correcting surface temperature observations made by uncooled TIR imagers uses observations over melting snow, which provides a constant 0 °C reference temperature. This bias correction method is applied to remotely sensed surface
temperature observations of forests and snow over two mountain study sites: Laret, Davos, Switzerland (27 March 2017) in the Alps, and Sagehen Creek, California, USA (21 April 2017) in the Sierra Nevada. Surface temperature retrieval errors that arise from temperature‐induced instrument bias, differences in image resolution, retrieval of mixed pixels, and variable view angles were evaluated for these forest snow scenes. Applying the melting snow‐based bias correction decreased the root‐mean‐square error by about 1 °C for retrieving snow, water, and forest canopy temperatures from airborne TIR observations. The inﬂuence of mixed pixels on surface temperature retrievals over forest snow scenes was found to depend on
image resolution and the spatial distribution of forest stands. Airborne observations over the forests at Sagehen showed that near the edges of TIR images, at more than 20° from nadir, the snow surface within forest gaps smaller than 10 m was obscured by the surrounding trees. These off‐nadir views, with fewer mixed pixels, could allow more accurate airborne and satellite‐based observations of canopy surface temperatures.

RAW and processed data can be found here:  https://nevada.app.box.com/folder/172808842498
DOI: 10.4211/hs.413ac690e68f44ad885f0fda3a24a662
title: AMIGOS Thwaites Glacier

description: The Automated Meteorology - Ice - Geophysics – Ocean observing System, (AMIGOS-III) is an autonomous multi-sensor station designed to support investigations of ice-ocean-atmosphere interactions in polar environments. It consists of a microprocessor running a simplified Linux operating system, with weather, GPS, accumulation, and surface melt, and includes a set of ocean and ice measurement sensors (CTD, doppler current flow, and DTS thermal profiler). Two stations are installed on the Thwaites Eastern Ice Shelf as of January 2020 and are still transmitting GPS data at this time.

RAW DTS and DAS data can be found here: https://nevada.app.box.com/folder/172261197639