cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279188
title: Interactive key (Lucid) for identification of fungi in vegetable seeds

description: ABSTRACT Interactive keys are tools that aid research and technical work since identification of organisms has become increasingly present in the scientific and academic context. An interactive key was developed with the software Lucid v. 3.3 for the identification of eleven fungal species associated with onion, carrot, pepper and tomato seeds. It was based on a matrix composed of six features: crop, conidium, conidiophore, color of long conidiophore, color of mycelium and presence of setae, besides 21 character states. In addition, descriptions, illustrations and high-resolution photographs of the morphological characters and states were made available to aid in the correct identification of fungal species. Validation of the interactive key was performed by distinct groups of volunteers: (i) graduate students with prior knowledge and using the interactive key; (ii) undergraduate students with little prior knowledge and using the interactive key, and (iii) undergraduate students with little prior knowledge and using the conventional identification system such as the printed manuals used in seed pathology laboratories. We analyzed the time spent by each volunteer to evaluate 25 seeds infected with the fungal species in the key, as well as the percentage of success and the difficulty level for each participant. The high percentage of correct answers with the use of the interactive key and the ease of use by the volunteers confirmed its efficiency because there was an increase in the identification accuracy when compared to the conventional system. Furthermore, the rate of success and the difficulty level presented low variability within groups (i) and (ii). These results are a consequence of the interaction of the user with characteristics of the developed tool, such as high-resolution photographs, which faithfully reproduce the fungal characteristics observed in the seeds under a stereomicroscope. Thus, the interactive key presented here can aid in teaching, institutional and commercial research, inspection and certification of seeds, making diagnosis safer and more accurate. The key is available for free at https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/seed_fungi/.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942379.v1
title: Plant materials applied to the agroecological management of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato plants

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fresh leaves of leucaena, cassava and castor bean, applied as cover fertilizers, on the control of M. incognita in tomato plants and on the development of these plants under greenhouse conditions. The materials were applied to the soil surface at 30 days after seed germination and, after 10 days, the plant growth substrate was infested. Plants grown on non-infested soil were used to evaluate the effect of the materials on the development of tomato plants. In both tests, 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g fresh leaves of leucaena, cassava and castor bean were applied per kg of soil as independent treatments. The evaluation occurred at 45 days after the application of plant materials. In treatments where the soil was infested, the plant materials increased root and shoot fresh mass of the tomato plants and inhibited the reproduction of the pathogen. There was a reduction in the number of eggs, a reduction in the reproduction factor, gall index and egg mass index of M. incognita in the plants of treatments that had plant material, regardless of the used concentration. The materials increased the development of plants and this increase was more pronounced when they were cultivated in the presence of leucaena, at all concentrations of the plant material. These results indicate the potential of such plant materials on the sustainable control of root-knot nematode in tomato plants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986429
title: Volatile compounds of saprobic conidial fungi from Southern Amazonia for in vitro control of phytopathogens

description: ABSTRACT Studies on volatile organic compounds (VOC) produced by saprobic conidial fungi of the Amazonian region (SCFA) are still non-existent. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the production of VOC’s from SCFA and their potential for controlling phytopathogens in vitro. The SCFA Beltrania rhombica, Brachysporiella sp., Dictyochaeta sp. and Gonytrichum sp. were used and their production of VOC’s was evaluated through germination and viability of phytopathogen spores and their mycelial growth, following the methodologies of Botelho 2010 and Maia 2011, with modifications. There was a reduction in spore germination for Colletotrichum musae (63.56%) after exposure to B. rhombica, Brachysporiella sp. (86.66%), Dictyochaeta sp. (79.68%) and Gonytrichum sp. (85.71%). When the phytopathogens C. truncatum, C. musae and Fusarium sp. were exposed to VOC from Brachysporiella sp., Dictyochaeta sp. and Gonytrichum sp., their spores were unviable after 3 and 7 days of exposure. The VOC’s from SCFA reduced the mycelial growth rate index and inhibited the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sp. and S. sclerotiorum, besides reducing sclerotia production after exposure to VOC’s from B. rhombica, B. gayanaa and D. fertilis. We concluded that the studied SCFA showed VOC production, with potential for the biological control of plant diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986429.v1
title: Volatile compounds of saprobic conidial fungi from Southern Amazonia for in vitro control of phytopathogens

description: ABSTRACT Studies on volatile organic compounds (VOC) produced by saprobic conidial fungi of the Amazonian region (SCFA) are still non-existent. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the production of VOC’s from SCFA and their potential for controlling phytopathogens in vitro. The SCFA Beltrania rhombica, Brachysporiella sp., Dictyochaeta sp. and Gonytrichum sp. were used and their production of VOC’s was evaluated through germination and viability of phytopathogen spores and their mycelial growth, following the methodologies of Botelho 2010 and Maia 2011, with modifications. There was a reduction in spore germination for Colletotrichum musae (63.56%) after exposure to B. rhombica, Brachysporiella sp. (86.66%), Dictyochaeta sp. (79.68%) and Gonytrichum sp. (85.71%). When the phytopathogens C. truncatum, C. musae and Fusarium sp. were exposed to VOC from Brachysporiella sp., Dictyochaeta sp. and Gonytrichum sp., their spores were unviable after 3 and 7 days of exposure. The VOC’s from SCFA reduced the mycelial growth rate index and inhibited the mycelial growth of Sclerotinia sp. and S. sclerotiorum, besides reducing sclerotia production after exposure to VOC’s from B. rhombica, B. gayanaa and D. fertilis. We concluded that the studied SCFA showed VOC production, with potential for the biological control of plant diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279188.v1
title: Interactive key (Lucid) for identification of fungi in vegetable seeds

description: ABSTRACT Interactive keys are tools that aid research and technical work since identification of organisms has become increasingly present in the scientific and academic context. An interactive key was developed with the software Lucid v. 3.3 for the identification of eleven fungal species associated with onion, carrot, pepper and tomato seeds. It was based on a matrix composed of six features: crop, conidium, conidiophore, color of long conidiophore, color of mycelium and presence of setae, besides 21 character states. In addition, descriptions, illustrations and high-resolution photographs of the morphological characters and states were made available to aid in the correct identification of fungal species. Validation of the interactive key was performed by distinct groups of volunteers: (i) graduate students with prior knowledge and using the interactive key; (ii) undergraduate students with little prior knowledge and using the interactive key, and (iii) undergraduate students with little prior knowledge and using the conventional identification system such as the printed manuals used in seed pathology laboratories. We analyzed the time spent by each volunteer to evaluate 25 seeds infected with the fungal species in the key, as well as the percentage of success and the difficulty level for each participant. The high percentage of correct answers with the use of the interactive key and the ease of use by the volunteers confirmed its efficiency because there was an increase in the identification accuracy when compared to the conventional system. Furthermore, the rate of success and the difficulty level presented low variability within groups (i) and (ii). These results are a consequence of the interaction of the user with characteristics of the developed tool, such as high-resolution photographs, which faithfully reproduce the fungal characteristics observed in the seeds under a stereomicroscope. Thus, the interactive key presented here can aid in teaching, institutional and commercial research, inspection and certification of seeds, making diagnosis safer and more accurate. The key is available for free at https://keys.lucidcentral.org/keys/v3/seed_fungi/.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279189
title: Potential of Trichosporon asahii against Alternaria sp. and mechanisms of actions

description: ABSTRACT Alternaria sp. is a fungus that causes rot in several crops, causing damage to the agricultural production chain. Biological control agents constitute an alternative to reduce the use of pesticides in the crops, a social demand for modern agriculture. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the antagonistic effect of the yeast Trichosporon asahii (3S44) on the mycelial development of Alternaria sp. and some in vitro mechanisms of action. Trichosporon asahii showed antagonistic activity towards Alternaria sp., presenting mycelial inhibition (57.47%). The assays indicated production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), competition for nutrients, biofilm formation, production of killer toxins and β-1,3-glucanase as mechanisms of action of T. asahii. Collectively, our results showed the potential of T. asahii to control the mycelial development of Alternaria sp. and some mechanisms of action of this yeast for future biotechnological studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279189.v1
title: Potential of Trichosporon asahii against Alternaria sp. and mechanisms of actions

description: ABSTRACT Alternaria sp. is a fungus that causes rot in several crops, causing damage to the agricultural production chain. Biological control agents constitute an alternative to reduce the use of pesticides in the crops, a social demand for modern agriculture. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the antagonistic effect of the yeast Trichosporon asahii (3S44) on the mycelial development of Alternaria sp. and some in vitro mechanisms of action. Trichosporon asahii showed antagonistic activity towards Alternaria sp., presenting mycelial inhibition (57.47%). The assays indicated production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), competition for nutrients, biofilm formation, production of killer toxins and β-1,3-glucanase as mechanisms of action of T. asahii. Collectively, our results showed the potential of T. asahii to control the mycelial development of Alternaria sp. and some mechanisms of action of this yeast for future biotechnological studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279191
title: Non-autoclaved poultry litter and soil are efficient in controlling Scytalidium lignicola growth, the causal agent of cassava black root

description: ABSTRACT Cassava root rot caused by Scytalidium lignicola has become an important disease for producing states due to large production losses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sources and levels of organic matter alone and added to sandy soil under suppressiveness to S. lignicola CMM 1098 mycelial growth. Two experiments were conducted, the first one was to evaluate the effect of organic extracts (poultry litter, goat manure, cattle and earthworm excrements) added to the culture medium potato dextrose agar (PDA) at different concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40%) (v / v), while the second experiment was to evaluate the effect of organic materials mixed with sandy soil, using the same sources and concentrations. The source poultry litter was most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of S. lignicola at a concentration of 40%, inhibiting the mycelial growth by 69.75% only when extracts were not autoclaved. Non-autoclaved poultry litter at levels starting from 30% was efficient in suppressing S. lignicola CMM 1098 mycelial growth. Non-autoclaved sandy soil added to different sources and levels of organic matter is highly efficient for suppressiveness to S. lignicola CMM 1098 growth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279191.v1
title: Non-autoclaved poultry litter and soil are efficient in controlling Scytalidium lignicola growth, the causal agent of cassava black root

description: ABSTRACT Cassava root rot caused by Scytalidium lignicola has become an important disease for producing states due to large production losses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sources and levels of organic matter alone and added to sandy soil under suppressiveness to S. lignicola CMM 1098 mycelial growth. Two experiments were conducted, the first one was to evaluate the effect of organic extracts (poultry litter, goat manure, cattle and earthworm excrements) added to the culture medium potato dextrose agar (PDA) at different concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40%) (v / v), while the second experiment was to evaluate the effect of organic materials mixed with sandy soil, using the same sources and concentrations. The source poultry litter was most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of S. lignicola at a concentration of 40%, inhibiting the mycelial growth by 69.75% only when extracts were not autoclaved. Non-autoclaved poultry litter at levels starting from 30% was efficient in suppressing S. lignicola CMM 1098 mycelial growth. Non-autoclaved sandy soil added to different sources and levels of organic matter is highly efficient for suppressiveness to S. lignicola CMM 1098 growth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279194
title: Induced resistance on the management of leaf blight in yam

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of both the extract from Allamanda blanchetti (Ab) and the resistance inducer acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) on the control of Curvularia eragrostidis and on the induction of resistance mechanisms in seedlings of yam cv. São Tomé (Dioscorea alata). The isolate of C. eragrostidis was obtained from yam leaves with disease symptoms. Mycelial growth and sporulation were evaluated by adding treatments [extract of A. blanchetti 100, 500 and 1000 ppm, ASM (200 mg.L-1), fungicide Mancozeb® (200 g.ha-1), and control consisting of distilled water] to PDA medium. In a greenhouse, 60-day-old seedlings were sprayed with the treatments on both sides of their leaves to the point of runoff, at 0, 24, 48, 96 and 192h intervals, followed by spraying with a spore suspension (1x105 conidia.mL-1). The activity of peroxidases, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and β-1,3-glucanase was analyzed in relation to the time of application of treatments. There was no in vitro fungitoxic action of treatments on C. eragrostidis. Extract of Ab and ASM reduced the disease incidence and severity and increased the activity of peroxidases, PAL and β-1,3-glucanase, when applied prior to inoculation with the pathogen. These results indicate the potential of A. blanchetti for C. eragrostidis control in yam plants by the activation of defense mechanisms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279195
title: Control of root rot (Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis) in black pepper cv. Bragantina with crude aqueous extracts and fungicide

description: ABSTRACT Fusarium or root rot, the main disease affecting black pepper, leads to severe production limitation caused by the fungus (Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of crude aqueous extracts and fungicide on the control of fusariosis in black pepper. The percentage of F. solani mycelial inhibition in Petri dishes with PDA medium supplemented with crude aqueous leaf extracts (EBA) of black pepper, cassava, castor bean, coriander and bitter melon were evaluated at the concentrations 5, 10, 15 and 20% (v/v). Control was the plate containing PDA medium without addition of any product. To evaluate the effect of extracts on the development of fusariosis, black pepper seedlings were inoculated with the pathogen and sprayed with 20 mL crude aqueous extracts of bitter melon and cassava at the concentrations 10 and 15%. The fungicide carbendazim was brushed as paste on the stems of plants at one dose (0.2 g.100 mL-1). The disease incidence was evaluated 30 days after inoculation. Results showed that the extracts of bitter melon and cassava at the concentrations 10 and 15% provided the highest percentages of mycelial inhibition (61.01 and 57.61% and 51.55 and 55.48%, respectively). The EBA of bitter melon at the concentration of 15% and the fungicide were efficient in reducing fusariosis incidence in black pepper seedlings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279194.v1
title: Induced resistance on the management of leaf blight in yam

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of both the extract from Allamanda blanchetti (Ab) and the resistance inducer acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) on the control of Curvularia eragrostidis and on the induction of resistance mechanisms in seedlings of yam cv. São Tomé (Dioscorea alata). The isolate of C. eragrostidis was obtained from yam leaves with disease symptoms. Mycelial growth and sporulation were evaluated by adding treatments [extract of A. blanchetti 100, 500 and 1000 ppm, ASM (200 mg.L-1), fungicide Mancozeb® (200 g.ha-1), and control consisting of distilled water] to PDA medium. In a greenhouse, 60-day-old seedlings were sprayed with the treatments on both sides of their leaves to the point of runoff, at 0, 24, 48, 96 and 192h intervals, followed by spraying with a spore suspension (1x105 conidia.mL-1). The activity of peroxidases, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and β-1,3-glucanase was analyzed in relation to the time of application of treatments. There was no in vitro fungitoxic action of treatments on C. eragrostidis. Extract of Ab and ASM reduced the disease incidence and severity and increased the activity of peroxidases, PAL and β-1,3-glucanase, when applied prior to inoculation with the pathogen. These results indicate the potential of A. blanchetti for C. eragrostidis control in yam plants by the activation of defense mechanisms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279195.v1
title: Control of root rot (Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis) in black pepper cv. Bragantina with crude aqueous extracts and fungicide

description: ABSTRACT Fusarium or root rot, the main disease affecting black pepper, leads to severe production limitation caused by the fungus (Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis). The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of crude aqueous extracts and fungicide on the control of fusariosis in black pepper. The percentage of F. solani mycelial inhibition in Petri dishes with PDA medium supplemented with crude aqueous leaf extracts (EBA) of black pepper, cassava, castor bean, coriander and bitter melon were evaluated at the concentrations 5, 10, 15 and 20% (v/v). Control was the plate containing PDA medium without addition of any product. To evaluate the effect of extracts on the development of fusariosis, black pepper seedlings were inoculated with the pathogen and sprayed with 20 mL crude aqueous extracts of bitter melon and cassava at the concentrations 10 and 15%. The fungicide carbendazim was brushed as paste on the stems of plants at one dose (0.2 g.100 mL-1). The disease incidence was evaluated 30 days after inoculation. Results showed that the extracts of bitter melon and cassava at the concentrations 10 and 15% provided the highest percentages of mycelial inhibition (61.01 and 57.61% and 51.55 and 55.48%, respectively). The EBA of bitter melon at the concentration of 15% and the fungicide were efficient in reducing fusariosis incidence in black pepper seedlings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279199
title: Interaction between a biostimulant and cyazofamid in the control of clubroot of crucifers under conditions of high disease density

description: ABSTRACT Clubroot of crucifers is a root disease caused by the fungus Plasmodiophora brassicae, responsible for causing more than 40% economic damage to brassica crops. This disease has led to a gradual decline in brassica production in several countries, including Brazil, where an approximate volume of 50 thousand tons are marketed every year. There are few studies involving the control of this disease, which led to the development of an experiment with four treatments: T1. negative control, T2. biostimulant (phosphorus + auxin + fulvic acid), T3. biostimulant + fungicide (phosphorus + auxin + fulvic acid + cyazofamid) and T4. fungicide (cyazofamid). The lowest incidence value obtained in the last evaluation was 21% (79% control) with the mixture of biostimulant and fungicide; the biostimulant alone did not significantly differ from the negative control, considering the condition of high inoculum density, which serves as a basis for future studies with a mixture of new compounds and biocontrol agents compatible with the fungicide.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279199.v1
title: Interaction between a biostimulant and cyazofamid in the control of clubroot of crucifers under conditions of high disease density

description: ABSTRACT Clubroot of crucifers is a root disease caused by the fungus Plasmodiophora brassicae, responsible for causing more than 40% economic damage to brassica crops. This disease has led to a gradual decline in brassica production in several countries, including Brazil, where an approximate volume of 50 thousand tons are marketed every year. There are few studies involving the control of this disease, which led to the development of an experiment with four treatments: T1. negative control, T2. biostimulant (phosphorus + auxin + fulvic acid), T3. biostimulant + fungicide (phosphorus + auxin + fulvic acid + cyazofamid) and T4. fungicide (cyazofamid). The lowest incidence value obtained in the last evaluation was 21% (79% control) with the mixture of biostimulant and fungicide; the biostimulant alone did not significantly differ from the negative control, considering the condition of high inoculum density, which serves as a basis for future studies with a mixture of new compounds and biocontrol agents compatible with the fungicide.