cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f17j3
title: Data from: Neutralizing misinformation through inoculation: exposing misleading argumentation techniques reduces their influence

description: Misinformation can undermine a well-functioning democracy. For example,
 public misconceptions about climate change can lead to lowered acceptance
 of the reality of climate change and lowered support for mitigation
 policies. This study experimentally explored the impact of misinformation
 about climate change and tested several pre-emptive interventions designed
 to reduce the influence of misinformation. We found that false-balance
 media coverage (giving contrarian views equal voice with climate
 scientists) lowered perceived consensus overall, although the effect was
 greater among conservatives. Likewise, misinformation that confuses people
 about the level of scientific agreement regarding anthropogenic global
 warming (AGW) had a polarizing effect, with political conservatives
 reducing their acceptance of AGW and political liberals increasing their
 acceptance of AGW. However, we found that inoculating messages that (1)
 explain the flawed argumentation technique used in the misinformation or
 that (2) highlight the scientific consensus on climate change were
 effective in neutralizing those adverse effects of misinformation. We
 recommend that climate communication messages should take into account
 ways in which scientific content can be distorted, and include pre-emptive
 inoculation messages.
description: Data for Cook,
 Lewandowsky & Ecker (2017)Data for Experiments 1
 & 2 for Cook, Lewandowsky & Ecker (2017). Neutralizing
 Misinformation Through Inoculation: Exposing Misleading Argumentation
 Techniques Reduces Their Influence. PLOS ONE.Cook_data_anonymized.zip
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18366359
title: scPMMI: A Pre-trained Multimodal Model for Integrative Analysis of Single-Cell Multi-Omics Beyond Highly Variable Feature Selection
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18366360
title: scPMMI: A Pre-trained Multimodal Model for Integrative Analysis of Single-Cell Multi-Omics Beyond Highly Variable Feature Selection
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4r4r6
title: Data from: Utility of island populations in reintroduction programs—relationships between Arabian gazelles (Gazella arabica) from the Farasan Archipelago and endangered mainland populations

description: Understanding local adaptation and population differentiation is vital to
 the success of reintroduction initiatives. Like other mammals living on
 islands, Arabian gazelles (G. arabica) show reduced body size on the
 Farasan archipelago, which we corroborated in this study through
 morphometric analyses of skulls. In light of the steep population decline
 on the Arabian Peninsula—but stable population development on the
 archipelago—we tested the potential suitability of Farasan gazelles as a
 source for reintroductions on the mainland. We, therefore, investigated
 genetic differentiation between Farasan and mainland populations using
 eleven nuclear microsatellite loci and detected a distinct genetic cluster
 exclusively present on the archipelago, which we inferred to be separated
 from the mainland cluster for less than 2,000 years. About 30% of sampled
 individuals from Farasan Islands showed assignment to a mainland cluster
 with signs of ongoing introgression. Analyses using the
 Isolation-with-Migration model confirmed recent (probably human-induced)
 bidirectional exchange of gazelles between mainland and island
 populations. Hence, the surprisingly uniform island dwarfism most likely
 reflects phenotypic plasticity, i.e., altered morphology as a direct
 consequence of harsh environmental conditions and resource limitation on
 the archipelago. Should a further decline of Arabian gazelles on the
 mainland necessitate restocking in the future, Farasan gazelles may thus
 become an additional source for captive breeding programs.
description: µSat
 DataIn this file the
 microsatellite data for each individual (ID) and its group is given in the
 first two columns. The following 22 columns are organized in pairs with
 both allels of one loci each. Values -9 indicate missing
 data.IMa input
 fileInput file for
 Isolation-with-Migration analyses. Data is arranged locuswise, giving also
 locus-specific mutation rates (95% confidence interval). far = individuals
 originated from Farasan Islands; main = individuals originated from the
 south-western part of the Arabian PeninsulaIMa
 input.uskull
 measurementsSkull measurements for
 morphologcial analyses. Given is individual (ID), group (main = originated
 from the mainland of the Arabian Peninsula; far = originated from Farasan
 Islands), Sex (0 = males; 1 = females), wildcaptive (0 = individual
 originated from the wild; 1 = individual were bred in captivity) and data
 for 32 linear, log10-transformed skull measurements (for abbreviations see
 Fig. S2).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.650gr
title: Data from: Homage to Bateman: sex roles predict sex differences in sexual selection

description: Classic sex role theory predicts that sexual selection should be stronger
 in males in taxa showing conventional sex roles and stronger in females in
 role reversed mating systems. To test this very central prediction and to
 assess the utility of different measures of sexual selection, we estimated
 sexual selection in both sexes in four seed beetle species with divergent
 sex roles using a novel experimental design. We found that sexual
 selection was sizeable in females and the strength of sexual selection was
 similar in females and males in role-reversed species. Sexual selection
 was overall significantly stronger in males than in females and residual
 selection formed a substantial component of net selection in both sexes.
 Furthermore, sexual selection in females was stronger in role-reversed
 species compared to species with conventional sex roles. Variance-based
 measures of sexual selection (the Bateman gradient and selection
 opportunities) were better predictors of sexual dimorphism in reproductive
 behavior and morphology across species compared to trait-based measures
 (selection differentials). Our results highlight the importance of using
 assays that incorporate components of fitness manifested after mating. We
 suggest that the Bateman gradient is generally the most informative
 measure of the strength of sexual selection in comparisons across sexes
 and/or species.
description: Bateman gradient data on
 4 species
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.830d7
title: Data from: Thermoregulatory behavior is widespread in the embryos of reptiles and birds

description: Recent studies have demonstrated that thermoregulatory behavior occurs not
 only in post-hatching turtles, but also prior to hatching. Does
 thermoregulatory behavior also occur in the embryos of other reptile and
 bird species? Our experiments show that such behavior is widespread but
 not universal in reptile and bird embryos. We recorded repositioning
 within the egg, in response to thermal gradients, in the embryos of three
 species of snakes (Xenochrophis piscator, Elaphe bimaculata, and Zaocys
 dhumnades), two turtles (Chelydra serpentina and Ocadia sinensis), one
 crocodile (Alligator sinensis), and four birds (Coturnix coturnix, Gallus
 gallus domesticus, Columba livia domestica and Anas platyrhynchos
 domestica). However, we detected no significant thermoregulation by the
 embryos of two lizard species (Takydromus septentrionalis and
 Phrynocephalus frontalis). Overall, embryonic thermoregulatory behavior is
 widespread in reptile as well as bird species, but may be unimportant in
 the small eggs laid by most lizards.
description: Datadeposited
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3g1h2
title: Data from: Detection of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic subjects using ultrasound radiofrequency-tracking technology

description: Objective: Atherosclerosis is a chronic and systemic disease and its
 developmental process involves the synergism of multiple risk factors such
 as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity and smoking. The
 diagnosis of subclinical atherosclerosis is essential for strategic
 guidance towards suitable treatments and efficient prevention against
 acute cardiovascular events. This study employed ultrasound radiofrequency
 (RF) tracking technology to characterize human carotid arteries in vivo in
 terms of intima-media thickness (IMT) and artery stiffness, and evaluated
 the statistical correlation between carotid IMT and stiffness, and the
 number of risk factors for atherosclerosis. Methods: A total of 160
 asymptomatic subjects were enrolled. Ultrasound RF-tracking technology was
 employed to acquire carotid IMT and stiffness parameters: maximum IMT
 (MAXIMT), RF Quality IMT (RFQIMT), distensibility coefficient (),
 compliance coefficient (), index, index and local pulse wave velocity ().
 The subjects were categorized in four groups in terms of the number of
 risk factors: ‘zero’, ‘single’, ‘double’, and ‘multiple’, and statistical
 analyses of carotid IMT and stiffness parameters were performed between
 these different groups. Results: The subjects (n = 145) with MAXIMT
 smaller than 1.0 mm matched the IMT criteria for non-atherosclerosis and
 were named as NA-subjects. Spearman’s rho correlation analysis of the
 whole group and the NA-subjects both showed that MAXIMT correlated
 positively with RFQIMT, , , and , and negatively with and (p&lt;0.01).
 The analysis of covariance of NA-subjects showed significant differences
 between subjects with and without risk factors, and also showed
 significant differences between the ‘zero’, ‘single’, ‘double’, and
 ‘multiple’ groups. Conclusions: The carotid IMT and stiffness parameters
 obtained by the ultrasound RF-tracking technology were demonstrated to
 possess significant statistical correlation with the number of risk
 factors from 160 subjects, and these anatomical and mechanical parameters
 may potentially be used together with the IMT criteria to support
 subclinical atherosclerosis diagnosis.
description: RF_analysis_Data1
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pn088
title: Data from: Optimal foraging by herbivores maintains polymorphism in defence in a natural plant population

description: 1. Many species of plants and animals exhibit polymorphism for defensive
 traits. Adaptive foraging by natural enemies has long been hypothesized to
 maintain such polymorphism, but this has not been clearly demonstrated in
 a natural prey or host population. 2. The purpose of this study was to
 address whether the brassica leaf beetle Phaedon brassicae promotes the
 maintenance of defence polymorphism in the trichome-producing (hairy) and
 trichomeless (glabrous) morphs of Arabidopsis halleri subsp. gemmifera.
 Here, we modelled foraging behaviours of herbivores and demography of the
 host plant. Then, we estimated the model parameters based on the
 likelihood of observed data from a natural A. halleri population. 3. The
 patterns of leaf damage to hairy and glabrous plants were well explained
 when we presumed the optimal diet choice by P. brassicae. The observed
 dynamics in the plant number and morph frequency were well supported by
 the model with the estimated parameter values. Our numerical analysis
 showed that the optimal diet choice by P. brassicae caused a negative
 frequency-dependent selection on trichrome dimorphism. The coexistence of
 two morphs was allowed over a wide range of herbivory pressure and the
 cost of defence. 4. These results indicate that the optimal diet choice by
 P. brassicae contributes to the coexistence of hairy and glabrous A.
 halleri. While species interaction and stochastic dispersal are both
 involved in polymorphism dynamics in the field, our findings suggest that
 the role of consumer behaviours in the maintenance of defence polymorphism
 may be more important than currently appreciated.
description: Source_codes_and_data.zipThe .zip folder includes source codes (one .hpp, one .cpp, one .r) and data (four .csv files) with a .doc README file.SatoItoKudoh_FunctEcol_code_and_data.zip
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3netsq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3810 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "GadmGid is CHN.18.1_1",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year 2000-2024"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3810 records from 26 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000991-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r6d4190
title: Data from: Use of auto-germ to model germination timing in the Sagebrush-steppe

description: Germination timing has a strong influence on direct seeding efforts, and
 therefore is a closely tracked demographic stage in a wide variety of
 wildland and agricultural settings. Predictive seed germination models,
 based on soil moisture and temperature data in the seed zone are an
 efficient method of estimating germination timing. We utilized Visual
 Basic for Applications (VBA) to create Auto-Germ, which is an Excel
 workbook that allows a user to estimate field germination timing based on
 wet-thermal accumulation models and field temperature and soil moisture
 data. To demonstrate the capabilities of Auto-Germ, we calculated various
 germination indices and modeled germination timing for 11 different
 species, across 6 years, and 10 Artemisia-steppe sites in the Great Basin
 of North America to identify the planting date required for 50% or more of
 the simulated population to germinate in spring (1 March or later), which
 is when conditions are predicted to be more conducive for plant
 establishment. Both between and within the species, germination models
 indicated that there was high temporal and spatial variability in the
 planting date required for spring germination to occur. However, some
 general trends were identified, with species falling roughly into three
 categories, where seeds could be planted on average in either fall
 (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis and Leymus cinereus), early winter
 (Festuca idahoensis, Poa secunda, Elymus lanceolatus, Elymus elymoides,
 and Linum lewisii), or mid-winter (Achillea millefolium, Elymus
 wawawaiensis , and Pseudoroegneria spicata) and still not run the risk of
 germination during winter. These predictions made through Auto-Germ
 demonstrate that fall may not be an optimal time period for sowing seeds
 for most non-dormant species if the desired goal is to have seeds
 germinate in spring.
description: Count and Germination
 Indices DataEach sheet within the
 workbook contains the count and germination indices data for a specific
 species within the study. For each column with a date, the number
 correlates with the number of seeds that germinated on that specific
 date.Final
 Data, Auto-Germ Paper.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kk6832p
title: Data from: Effects of macrophytes on lake‐water quality across latitudes: a meta‐analysis

description: Macrophytes are widely recognized for improving water quality and
 stabilizing the desirable clear‐water state in lakes. The positive effects
 of macrophytes on water quality have been noted to be weaker in the
 (sub)tropics compared to those of temperate regions. We conducted a global
 meta‐analysis using 47 studies that met our set criteria to assess the
 overall effects of macrophytes on water quality (measured by phytoplankton
 chlorophyll a concentration, total nitrogen concentration, total
 phosphorus concentration, Secchi depth, and the trophic state index) and
 to investigate how these effects correlate with latitude using
 meta‐regressions. We also examined if the effects of macrophytes on
 lake‐water quality differ with growth form in (sub)tropical and temperate
 areas by grouping the data and then comparing the effect sizes. We found
 that macrophytes significantly reduced phytoplankton chlorophyll a
 concentration, total nitrogen concentration, total phosphorus
 concentration, as well as the trophic state index, but they did not have a
 significant overall effect on Secchi depth. The effects of macrophytes on
 reducing phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentration, total nitrogen
 concentration, and the trophic state index did not differ with latitude.
 However, the reduction of total phosphorus concentration was greater at
 lower latitudes. We showed that at lower latitudes, the positive effects
 of macrophytes on water quality are similar to or greater than those at
 higher latitudes, thus challenging the prevailing paradigm of macrophytes
 being less effective at enhancing lake‐water quality in the (sub)tropics.
 Furthermore, our data showed that the macrophyte effects vary by growth
 forms, and the growth forms that positively affect water quality differ
 between the (sub)tropical and temperate areas. We showed a lack of
 significant macrophyte effects in surveys within and outside macrophyte
 stands, suggesting difference in the sensitivities of study designs or
 possibly weaker effects of macrophytes in lakes compared to experimental
 settings.
description: Studies included in the
 meta-analysis, calculation of effect sizes and relevant
 information.The dataset contains
 information on the 301 pairwise comparisons from 47 publications included
 in the meta-analysis. The calculations of Hedges' g effect sizes are
 shown. Relevant information including the study design, macrophyte growth
 form, latitude, longitude, elevation, climatic zone, experiment duration,
 lake area, lake depth and macrophyte coverage are
 recorded.Song et al
 2018.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cc3jg
title: Data from: Plant fertilization interacts with life history: variation in stoichiometry and performance in nettle-feeding butterflies.

description: Variation in food stoichiometry affects individual performance and
 population dynamics, but it is also likely that species with different
 life histories should differ in their sensitivity to food stoichiometry.
 To address this question, we investigated the ability of the three
 nettle-feeding butterflies (Aglais urticae, Polygonia c-album, and Aglais
 io) to respond adaptively to induced variation in plant stoichiometry in
 terms of larval performance. We hypothesized that variation in larval
 performance between plant fertilization treatments should be functionally
 linked to species differences in host plant specificity. We found
 species-specific differences in larval performance between plant
 fertilization treatments that could not be explained by nutrient
 limitation. We showed a clear evidence of a positive correlation between
 food stoichiometry and development time to pupal stage and pupal mass in
 A. urticae. The other two species showed a more complex response. Our
 results partly supported our prediction that host plant specificity
 affects larval sensitivity to food stoichiometry. However, we suggest that
 most of the differences observed may instead be explained by differences
 in voltinism (number of generations per year). We believe that the
 potential of some species to respond adaptively to variation in plant
 nutrient content needs further attention in the face of increased
 eutrophication due to nutrient leakage from human activities.
description: Larvae_Pupae_body_content_Audusseau_et_alData on body content of nitrogen and phosporus (% dry mass) according to species (Aglais urticae, Aglais io, Polygonia c-album), plant fertilization treatment, and stage (Larva L or Pupa P).body_content_HA.csvDevelopment.time_Pupal.mass_Audusseau_et_alData on pupal time (day) and pupal mass (mg) according to species (A. urticae, A. io, P. c-album), family (or clutch), and plant fertilization treatment.performance_data_HA.csvPlant_nutrient_content_Audusseau_et_alLeaf content of nitrogen and phosphorus (% dry mass) of plants in the four fertilization treatments and plants collected in nature. Time corresponds to the number of day from the beginning of the experiment.PlantNP.csvsurvival_Audusseau_et_alNumber of individuals that failed to reach emergence and number of individuals that reached adulthood according to species (A. urticae, A. io, P. c-album), family (or clutch), and plant fertilization treatment.survival_HA.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.11r07
title: Data from: Costs of CRISPR-Cas mediated resistance in Streptococcus thermophilus

description: CRISPR-Cas is a form of adaptive sequence-specific immunity in microbes.
 This system offers unique opportunities for the study of coevolution
 between bacteria and their viral pathogens, bacteriophages. A full
 understanding of the coevolutionary dynamics of CRISPR-Cas requires
 knowing the magnitude of the cost of resisting infection. Here, using the
 gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus and its associated
 virulent phage 2972, a well-established model system harbouring at least
 two type II functional CRISPR-Cas systems, we obtained different fitness
 measures based on growth assays in isolation or in pairwise competition.
 We measured the fitness cost associated with different components of this
 adaptive immune system: the cost of Cas protein expression, the
 constitutive cost of increasing immune memory through additional spacers,
 and the conditional costs of immunity during phage exposure. We found that
 Cas protein expression is particularly costly, as Cas-deficient mutants
 achieved higher competitive abilities than the wild-type strain with
 functional Cas proteins. Increasing immune memory by acquiring up to four
 phage-derived spacers was not associated with fitness costs. In addition,
 the activation of the CRISPR-Cas system during phage exposure induces
 significant but small fitness costs. Together these results suggest that
 the costs of the CRISPR-Cas system arise mainly due to the maintenance of
 the defence system. We discuss the implications of these results for the
 evolution of CRISPR-Cas-mediated immunity.
description: Vale-et-al-PRSB-CRISPR-Cost-DataData on growth rate, lag time, yield and competitive fitness of several strains of Streptococcus thermophilus. Data is provided for individual replicates, and organised separately for each set of figures.See methods section for experimental details.