DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bw91
title: The critical impact of sub- and supra-optimal temperatures on male fertility potential of an invasive fruit fly

description: This study investigates the impact of temperature on male fertility in the
 invasive pest Drosophila suzukii, focusing on both developmental and
 post-emergence temperature effects. We exposed flies to 11 temperatures
 (10-30°C) over varying durations, revealing asymmetrical thermal
 performance curves. Developmental temperatures between 9.8–29°C and adult
 temperatures between 10.05–34.8°C defined fertility limits (TFmin and
 TFmax). Males exposed to sub- or supra-optimal temperatures were sterile
 at emergence, with sterility persisting across life stages. Supra-optimal
 temperatures in adults induced sterility within days, while sub-optimal
 temperatures at adulthood prevented fertility. Cold-acclimated males, in
 reproductive quiescence, progressively regained fertility when transferred
 to 20°C, showing anatomical recovery but reduced mating attractiveness.
 This study defines male sterility thermal limits and highlights the
 partial fertility recovery in cold-acclimated males, providing insights
 into D. suzukii population dynamics after winter.
description: Here investigated the impact of temperature on male fertility in
 the invasive pest, <em>Drosophila suzukii</em>. We assessed
 both developmental and post-emergence temperatures, using a range of 11
 temperatures from 10 to 30°C and varying chronic exposure durations.To
 assess the reproductive capacity of overwintering <em>D.
 suzukii</em> males, we also reared and acclimated males at low
 temperature and evaluated their fertility and its recovery, mating
 competitiveness, and size of reproductive organs at various time
 points.
description: # The critical impact of sub- and supra-optimal temperatures on male
 fertility potential of an invasive fruit fly
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bw91](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bw91) ## Description of the data and file structure Authors: Hervé COLINET Coline LEHNHOFF & Bréa RAYNAUD-BERTON This dataset includes raw data from three experiments on the thermal fertility limits and reproductive success of Drosophila suzukii. It covers the effects of temperature on male fertility, anatomical traits, and competitive mating success. The data files are as follows: ## **Experiment 1:** Eggs were developed into adults under 11 different temperatures, and male fertility was assessed after various durations, depending on temperature. Fertility was confirmed by the presence of progeny (n=20). **File: AllData1.txt** Variables in AllData1.txt : * Age_days: duration in days, corresponding to the age of flies * Fertile : fertity of the male : binomial response : "1" if fertile , "0" if not fertile * Sterile: sterility of the male : binomial response : "1" if sterile, "0" if not sterile * Replicate : the ID of the replicate (1 to 20) for each experimental condition * Temperature : development + adult temperature (°C) * Ratio : for each experimental condition (temperature x Age) the proportion of fertile males / 20 (ratio) ## **Experiment 2:** Eggs were developed into adults at 25°C, and male fertility was assessed under 11 different adult temperatures and various durations. Fertility was confirmed by progeny presence at each time point (n=20). **File: AllData2.txt** Variables in AllData2.txt : * Age_days: duration in days, corresponding to the age of flies * Fertile : fertity of the male : binomial response : "1" if fertile , "0" if not fertile * Sterile: sterility of the male : binomial response : "1" if sterile, "0" if not sterile * Replicate : the ID of the replicate (1 to 20) for each experimental condition * Temperature : adult temperature (°C) * Ratio : for each experimental condition (temperature x Age) the proportion of fertile males / 20 (ratio) ## **Experiment 3:** Design: Cold-winter-acclimated WA (or WM as synonym) were reared at low temperature (12°C) and then divided into two groups: WA12: remained at 12°C WA20: transferred to 20°C Controls are CTRL20 : developped and maintained at 20°C. Metrics Evaluated: Fertility rate (n=20) after 1, 5, 12 days Mating competitiveness in choice tests (n=40) Reproductive organ size: seminal vesicle length, seminal vesicle width, testis length, testis width and color (n=40) **File: Fertility data: Manip3-ferti.txt** Variables in Manip3-ferti.txt : * Date : date (D/M/Y) * Age: age of adult flies when tested (1, 5 or 12 days) * Temperature : thermal treatment (WA12, WA20 or CTRL20) * Replicate : the ID of the replicate (1 to 20) for each experimental condition * Fertile : fertity of the male : binomial response : "1" if fertile , "0" if not fertile * Sterile: sterility of the male : binomial response : "1" if sterile, "0" if not sterile * Ratio : for each experimental condition (temperature x Age) the proportion of fertile males / 20 (ratio) **Files: Competition data: Manip3-compet.txt & Manip3-competition.txt** Variables in Manip3-compet.txt : * Temperature : thermal treatment (WA12, WA20 or CTRL) * Age : age of male when tested (1, 5 or 12 days) * Mating : numb of successful matings (out of 40) in the experimental condition (temperature x Age) * No_mating: numb of mating failures (out of 40) in the experimental condition (temperature x Age) Variables in Manip3-competition.txt: * Temperature : thermal treatment (WA12, WA20 or CTRL) * Age : age of male when tested (1, 5 or 12 days) * Proportion: ratio of the numb of successful matings (out of 40) in the experimental condition (temperature x Age) [negative sign for displaying control group on left side of the barplot] **File: Reproductive organ measurements: Manip3-dissec.txt** Variables in Manip3-dissec.txt: * Date : date (D/M/Y) * Age: age of adult flies when tested (1, 5 or 12 days) * Temperature : thermal treatment (WA12, WA20 or CTRL20) * Replicate : the ID of the replicate (1 to 40) for each experimental condition * Long_testis : length of testis (mm) * Larg_testis : width of testis (mm) * Long_VS : length of seminal vesicle (mm) * Larg_VS : width of seminal vesicle (mm) * Color: coloration of the testes and seminal vesicles coded into 4 qualitative levels: from white (1) to intense yellow (4) **File Format:** The data is in tab-delimited text files (.txt), with column headers in the first row and data entries in subsequent rows.