cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1474
title: ROQI of a tire mould production improvement: A machine tool company case study

description: The objectives of this research is to reduce the number of defects in the tire mould production and calculating the return on quality investment of the process improvement. Initially, the team study the production process, statistics and the cost calculation method. FMEA is used to investigate the failure modes. The failure modes with RPN above 150 are selected for further analysis. They are from 4 processes, machining M2 & M3 and turning T1& T2. Fishbone analysis revealed that most of the problem come from inadequate control system and unskill operator. Training are given and controll doccuments are introduced. The team also found that the drill and reamer used for maching M3 process is inappropriate, creating oversized hole with rough surface. The carbide drill and inserted reamer will be tested via DOE. From screening experiment (2k factorial), cutting speed (Vc) and feed rate per tooth (fz) is found significant. 3k factorial technique is then used to find the optimal cutting parameters to obtain diameter between 19.85-19.86mm. The calculated Vc and fz are 95mm/min and 0.1404mm/tooth respectively. 3k factorial technique is employed to find optimal reamer condition. The optimal cutting parameters are 110mm/min for Vc and 0.0611mm/tooth for fz respectively with target diameter of 20.01mm. The calculated composite desirability of the new drill and reamer parameters are 1. The ROQI is divided into 2 parts, the ROQI from the entire tire mould production process and ROQI from the change of the new drill and reamer. The over all ROQI on monthly basis is 12.54 times and the ROQI from new setting is 42.65 times.
DOI: 10.5519/qd.njvufd11
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (5337 records)
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1475
title: Extraction and concentration of anthraquinones from roots of Morinda Citrifolia by non-ionic surfactant solution

description: The study investigated the use of micelle-mediated extraction (MME) of anthraquinones from the root of Morinda citrifolia and cloud point concentration (CPC) of the extract as effective alternatives for extraction and concentration of the product without using toxic organic solvent. Micelle-mediated extractions (MME) were carried out at ambient pressure and temperature using two types of surfactants: Triton X-100 and Genapol X-080 to determine the effect of concentrations on the percent antraquinones extracted. In addition, micelle mediated pressurized hot water extraction (MMPHWE) was investigated in a continuous flow system at a constant flow rate of 4 ml/min surfactant solutions at the concentration between 1 and 5% v/v. The extract from the most suitable MMPHWE, with 1% Triton X-100 solution at 80 [degree celcius], was then concentrated using CPC and the effect of surfactant concentration, the incubation time and temperature was determined on the concentration efficiency. For CPC, the most suitable condition was at 75 [degree celcius] and the incubation time was 30 min using Triton X-100 at 1% v/v (surfactant/the extract). The extract obtained by MMPHWE followed by CMC was analyzed with HPLC to quantify the amount of the most medicinally anti-cancer compound, damnacanthal and the result showed that of the compound degradation was reduced as the temperature required for extraction was lower compared with pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) without use of surfactant. In addition, the amount of energy required for extraction and concentration could be greatly reduced.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1476
title: Comparison of gamma radiation crosslinking and chemical crosslinking on properties of methylcellulose

description: This research aims to modify properties, particularly biodegradability, of methylcellulose (MC), by utilizing two crosslinking methods. The first method is gamma irradiation treatment to form insoluble MC gel by intermolecular crosslinking. The second one is the use of a glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinker to promote hemi-acetal linkages between MC polymer chains. In comparison of the rendered MC films from the two crosslinking methods, some important characterizations such as moisture adsorption, thermal properties, gel content, degree of swelling, and composting degradation were determined. MCs prepared from both crosslinking techniques show negligible effects on thermal properties such as T[subscript g] and T[subscript d]. In the swelling behavior, the radiation crosslinked MC films show higher polarity than chemically crosslinked MC films. From the visual observation of water-swelled crosslinked MC films, the radiation crosslinked MC films were observed to render heterogeneous gel structure whereas the chemically crosslinked MC films were found to provide homogeneous gel structure. The chemically crosslinked films at 0.3% and 0.5% by weight of a GA crosslinker can prolong the biodegradation time of the MC specimens.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1477
title: Conceptual decision support model for retrofiting energy consuming equipment in existing buildings by considering LCA of waste hazardous substances

description: The budget spent for retrofitting low energy efficiency equipment in buildings is normally planned after financial consideration of an internal rate of return and a simple payback period. The retrofitting has typically been done under forces from both mandatory and voluntary schemes in which an environmental review usually has not been considered. One of the overlooked aspects within the energy conservation measures is the cost of hazardous waste management from the removed. To facilitate consideration of all inventories and impacts, LCA (Life Cycle Analysis) is a good approach covering an environmental aspect,particularly hazardous waste, throughout the life cycle from raw material preparation, removal of existing equipment, installation, to appropriate waste disposal. This study takes into account only Hg in fluorescent tubes and CFC in air conditioners as representative of the wastes due to their potential emission during retrofitting. The LCA result is used to construct a conceptual decision making model, named ENVIROGY that clearly shows the components and structures of investment in retrofitting. In the model developed ENVIROGY is composed of energy, net waste recycling, violence impact from hazardous waste, investment for retrofitting, risk in terms of money, operating impact, gevernment intervention, and yeild from CDM (Clean Development Mechanism) by the UNFCCC (United Nation Framework Convention on Climate Change). The calculated ENVIROGY shows that for the whole lifetime of a retrofitting of 36 Watt fluorescent lamp, an investor has to pay for a net internal and external cost of -1,483 Baht/10 years. The value of ENVIROGY is -1,272 Baht/10 years for the base case which accounted only for energy consumption and investment for retrofitting. Likewise, a 12,000 Btu air-conditioner, ENVUROGY value is -56,572 Baht/10 years whereas the value of ENVIROGY is -46,962 Baht/10 years for the base case. The cost difference of ENVIROGY compared to base case should be managed by government at the phase of initial application for retrofitting. The ENVIROGY approach can be applied to other energy comsuming and conserving equipment.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1479
title: The effects of language ability and engineering background knowledge on ESP reading ability of Thai graduate students, their test taking strategies and attitudes towards the test

description: The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the interaction effect between language ability, and engineering background knowledge on ESP reading ability, (2) to compare the ESP reading performance between high and low language ability groups, (3) to explore the effect of background knowledge on ESP reading performance, (4) to compare test taking strategies used among test takers in answering different kinds of test items and (5) to study test takers’ attitudes towards the test. The population was first-year graduate students from Engineering and non-Engineering faculties at King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi of 2007 academic year. The samples consisted of 120 students from the population. They were assigned to two groups of high and low language ability. The instruments included the developed Engineering-English Reading Test (E-ERT), the KMUTT English placement test, an introspective interview and a test takers’ questionnaire. Two-way ANOVA was carried out to observe the effects of the two independent variables: language ability and engineering background knowledge. In addition, partial Eta squared was used to measure the effect size of the treatment. Frequency counts were employed to investigate test taking strategies. Descriptive statistics using mean score was carried out to reveal the test takers’ attitudes towards the test. The findings revealed that (1) there was no significant interaction effect between language ability and engineering background knowledge on ESP reading ability, (2) there was a significant difference between students with high language ability and low language ability, (3) there was a significant difference between students with engineering background knowledge and those without engineering background knowledge, (4) in general all the test takers employed the same test taking strategies in answering each kind of test item, but high language ability test takers used more strategies and used them more frequently than low language ability ones and (5) students had positive attitudes towards the developed test. The findings provide more insights into ESP reading assessment of graduate students in Thailand. In addition, English teachers as well as test writers can use the information to facilitate their ESP instructions and to develop more effective ESP reading tests for their institutions.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1480
title: Study of biomass-based integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) from agricultural residues in Thailand

description: In this work, the production of electricity from biomass-based integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) with low pressure air-blown bubbling fluidized bed gasifier is investigated using a multi-criteria analysis framework, where commercial software is used to perform a simulation. We consider potential raw materials based on agricultural residues in Thailand, and operating condition of the IGCC in order to achieve high thermal efficiency with low emissions. The operating variables considered include feedstock flow rate, gasifier temperature, air to gasifer ratio and air to gas turbine ratio. We found that the change of operating condition of IGCC drastically affect to thermal efficiency, net power and environmental performance. Net power obtained from the cycle with palm oil shell feedstock is highest. Rice straw feedstock has highest thermal efficiency. Further, the most promising option is rice straw feedstock with 700-860 ℃ gasifier temperature, 2.4 air to gasifier ratio and 5 air to gas turbine ratio.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1481
title: Six minute walk test in healthy persons with sufficient and insufficint levels of physical activity

description: Six minute walk test (6MWT) is a common functional exercise capacity test in individuals with cardiopulmonary disease. Recent reference equations were derived from majority healthy subjects with sufficient physical activity (86-90%). Predicted walk distance from the equations may overestimate when used in patients with limited physical activity. Objective: To compare six minute walk distance (6MWD) between healthy persons with sufficient and insufficient levels of physical activity. Methods: Thai volunteers aged 45-65 years living in Bangkok and metropolitan area (n = 162; 77 males and 85 females) performed three standard 6MWTs. Best 6MWD of three tests was recorded. Physical activity levels were determined using one week recall physical activity questionnaire. Data analyses were based on 2 groups of sufficient and insufficient levels of physical activity. Results: 6MWD in sufficient level of physical activity group was greater than insufficient one in both males (701 ± 89 m vs. 652 ± 55 m; p = 0.005) and females (619 ± 49 m vs. 571 ± 35 m; p &lt; 0.001). In women with insufficient physical activity, the predicted 6MWD from the equations of Hermione et al. and Bernadine et al. overestimated real 6MWD. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that height, energy expenditure per week, a percentage of the predicted maximal HR (%predHRmax), sex, weight and age were independent contributors of 6MWD in overall (r² = 0.58). Normal stride length, energy expenditure per week, %predHRmax, sex, weight and age were independent contributors of 6MWD in the group of sufficient physical activity (r² = 0.61). Height, %predHRmax and sex were independent contributors of 6MWD in the group of insufficient physical activity (r² = 0.54). Conclusion: Subjects with sufficient activity had significantly greater 6MWD than those with insufficiency activity. Using the published equations for females should be cautiously interpreted. Physical activity classification did not affect the prediction equations in males.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1482
title: Effect of calcination atmosphere on surface defect of nano Zro[subscript 2] and its application as catalysts for biodiesel synthesis

description: In this present research, the nanocrystalline ZrO[subscript 2] supports were prepared using the solvothermal method. The obtained ZrO[subscript 2] powders were treated at 500°C in various atmospheres (Air, H[subscript 2] , N[subscript 2] and O[subscript 2]). Then, the ZrO[subscript 2] supports were impregnated. with tungsten (Vl) chloride which were calcined further to form the oxide phase. Effect of calcinations atmospheres on the physiochemical properties of W/ZrO[subscript 2] catalysts and ZrO[subscript 2] supports were investigated using XRD, BET, Raman spectroscopy, ESR, titration and TEM techniques. BET surface area, crystallite sizes and monoclinic contests of all treated-ZrO[subscript 2] supports were slightly different and ranged between 76 to 95 m[superscript 2]/g, 3.5-6.9 nm and 21-29 wt.%, respectively. The ESR results revealed that the F-center defects on ZrO[subscript 2] supports increased as the calcinations atmospheres became more reducible. Catalytic performances of the W catalysts supported on these treated catalysts were studied in the liquid phase transesterification reaction of triacetin and methnol. The catalytic activities were improved in the order: WZ cal. H[subscript 2] (53%) &gt; WZ cal. N[subscript 2] (40%) &gt; WZ cal. O[subscript 2] (17%) = WZ cal. Air (16%). This result was in good agreement with the increased order of acidity determined by titration and Zr[superscript 3+] determined by ESR. Increasing of acidity was probably due to the increase of dispersion of WO[subscript x] species ZrO[subscript 2] supports.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1483
title: Cost-Effectiveness of Public and Metropolitan Dots Centres in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal

description: Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major cause of death worldwide. It is one of the major public health problems in Nepal. About 45 percent of the total populations are infected with TB, out of which 60 percents are adult and 70 percent of cases in the most economically productive age group. Though DOTS strategy being success in TB control, it is still a big challenges in urban area. This cost effectiveness analysis was carried out in Kathmandu Metropolitan city from provider prospective. Three from public (government health institution) and four from Metropolitan DOTS centers were selected for the study purpose. The public DOTS centers had microscopy and x-ray facility while Metropolitan DOTS centre had not. The study period was mid July 2005 to mid July 2006. Cost per effectiveness in public DOTS centers ranges from US$ 87 to US$ 197, while Metropolitan DOTS centers ranges from US$ 83 to US$ 116. The result showed that capital cost of each DOTS centre are less than 17 percent of total providers’ cost. But labor cost varied from 18 percent to 38 percent. In public DOTS centers, labor cost was 29 percent to 38.3 percent while in Metropolitan DOTS centre it was around 18 percent. In public DOTS center total providers’ cost found high per case treatment success because of its availability of diagnosis facility, infrastructure, staffing. In conclusion, Metropolitan DOTS centers seem more cost effective than public DOTS centre.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1484
title: Optimal temperature control for ethanol fermentation in a batch reactor

description: Increases in imported crude oil prices have led to seeking alternative resources. One of the possible solutions is to use the ethanol as an alternative. Ethanol can compete with gasoline, without any intervention, if its total production cost is lower than the gasoline's price. Therefore, this research presented the application of an optimal control for the temperature profile of a batch reactor in ethanol fermentation. The optimal temperature control strategy was applied to obtain the maximum amount of the desired ethanol product at the end of the operation. The solution of the optimal temperature control problem was computed using a sequential approach. It was found that the optimal temperature control provides the best value of final ethanol concentration among other processes. Later on, the effects of time interval were investigated in order to improve the control performance. In addition, preliminary economic analysis on the operating cost was used to compare the results between the system with the optimal temperature control and the isothermal process (31.02oC). The results showed that the unit operating costs of the system with optimal temperature control was relatively lower than that of the isothermal process and the unit profit of the system with the optimal temperature control was to a certain extent higher than that of the isothermal process. These results demonstrated that the optimal temperature control technique assist the ethanol fermentation process operates effectively.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1485
title: Protein compositions and biological activities of king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) venom

description: In this research involves comparison of protein composition and biological activities of different age and region of originate of three Ophiophagus hannah venoms. Biological activity was measured via cytotoxicity in cell line. KV2, crude venom showed higher toxicity than KV6 and KV9 venoms. Comparison of protein compositions of O.hannah venoms were performed using 1-D gel electrophoresis, 2D-gel electrophoresis and reverse-phase HPLC. Although protein compositions in all samples were similar, KV2 venom is very different from each other venom. The protein bands of KV2 in SDS-PAGE showed higher amount of all bands. 2DE gel of KV2 has many low molecular weight (14 kDa) spots. Spot No.2 and spot No.4 of KV2 are individual which are not found in KV6 and KV9. From peptides mass mapping by MALDI-TOF MS and amino acid sequence database searching, the amino acid sequence of protein spot 2 and spot 4 are similar to partial amino acid residue of phospholipase group from O.hannah venom. The RP-HPLC pattern of KV2 is different from other venoms. The eluted in range 31-50% ACN have high protein concentration than other venoms in same range. All of results indicated that variable protein composition were cause of difference in toxicity. The amino acid sequence of fraction 1.2.2 and 1.2.3, which were separated by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration chromatography, were similar to partial amino acid residue of natrin and ophanin from Naja atra and O.hannah venom respectively.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1486
title: Henstock-Stieltjes integrals of L₂-valued functions

description: The Henstock-Stieltjes integration for functions whose values are in L[subscript 2]-space is defined and its properties are investigated. The work is based on the idea of Henstock integration introduced by J.Kurzweil and R.Henstock
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1487
title: Applications of titanium dioxide nanocrystal modified by quenching processes for catalyst and catalyst support

description: In this work, pure anatase nano-TiO[subscript 2] with various crystallite sizes and metal-doped TiO[subscript 2] were synthesized by solvothermal method. The catalysts were subjected to a rapid quenching in various media such as H[subscript 2] O, 30%wt H[subscript 2]O[subscript 2], air, and liquid N[subscript 2]as a post-synthesis treatment. In order to identify the characteristics, all catalysts were characterized using N[subscript 2] physisorption, XRD, SEM, CO[subscript 2] -TPD, ESR, and XPS. The photocatalytic activities of TiO[subscript 2] catalysts were evaluated for the degradation of ethylene under UV illumination. It was found that photocatalytic activity of the nanosized TiO[subscript 2] quenched in different media is evidently different. It is likely that quenching process can modify surface properties of the TiO[subscript 2] samples i.e., enhancing the amount of surface defects (Ti[superscript 3+]) so that higher photocatalytic activity was obtained. The effect of quenching was more pronounced on the smaller crystallite size TiO[subscript 2] than on the larger ones. In addition, the selection of a suitable second metal doping can enhance photocatalytic activity of the TiO[subscript 2] . Moreover, the quenching processes tended to have positive effect on activity for CO hydrogenation reaction.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2007.1488
title: Synthesis of key intermediates towards HIV protease inhibitors

description: HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) are considered to be a highly potent class of drugs in AIDS therapy. The commercial anti-HIV drug Kaletra, patented by Abbott Laboratories, is the combination of two highly effective PIs; Ritonavir and Lapinavir. These two molecules contain the same 2S,5S-diamino-1,6-diphenyl-3-hexanol as their core structure. The rather complicate synthesis of this diamino alcohol core molecule effectively raises the price of Kaletra and limits the patients’ access to this drug. Consequently, a shorter and more effective strategy is needed. In this research, a derivative of L-phenylalanine was used as the starting material. Functional group manipulations gave the N-[(tert-benzyloxy)carbonyl]-L-phenylalaninal as the main substrate. By using McMurry coupling as the key step, the diastereomeric mixture of 2,5-bis[[(tert-butyloxy)carbonyl]amino]-3,4-dihydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexane from the homocoupling of the starting aldehydes was obtained. After column chromatography gave 0.12% yield of SSSS isomer and 0.2% yield of diastereomeric mixture of SRRS and SRSS in 1:1 ratio. In addition, the synthesis of the west and the east sides of Lopinavir, 2,6-Dimethylphenoxyacetic acid and urea derivative have been accomplished in 65% and 5.1% yield respectively.