cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.xqcmrf
title: Co-author paper: Oyama et al

description: Deuterium fractionation in molecules is known as one of the powerful tools to study chemical processes during star and planet formation. Among various interstellar molecules, methanol often shows very high deuterium fractionation. It is the most abundant saturated organic molecule and is known as a parent species to form more complex organic molecules. However, deriving the abundance of the deuterated methanol suffers from the uncertainty of intrinsic line intensities (Sμ2) of CH3OH isotopologues. Due to their floppy nature, the Sμ2 values are not readily to be theoretically evaluated particularly for the asymmetric-top asymmetric-frame isotopologue such as CH2DOH. In this study, we have measured the line frequencies and their intensities for CH2DOH in the millimeter-wave region from 216 GHz to 264 GHz by using an emission-type millimeter and submillimeter-wave spectrometer. For the a-type transition, derived Sμ2 values are slightly larger than those theoretically reported except for some transitions affected by avoided level crossing. For the b-type transitions, significant systematic differences are found between theoretical and experimental Sμ2 values. The results of the present 29 study enable us to derive CH2DOH abundances from observations accurately, which are 30 essential to understand deuterium fractionation in various sources.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.htr9pr
title: A superconducting-nanowire single-photon camera with 400,000 pixels

description: For the last 50 years, superconducting detectors have offered exceptional sensitivity and speed for detecting faint electromagnetic signals in a wide range of applications. These detectors operate at very low temperatures and generate a minimum of excess noise, making them ideal for testing the non-local nature of reality, investigating dark matter, mapping the early universe, and performing quantum computation and communication. Despite their appealing properties, however, there are currently no large-scale superconducting cameras – even the largest demonstrations have never exceeded 20 thousand pixels. This is especially true for one of the most promising detector technologies, the superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD). These detectors have been demonstrated with system detection efficiencies of 98.0%, sub-3-ps timing jitter, sensitivity from the ultraviolet (250 nm) to the mid-infrared (&gt;10 μm), and dark count rates below 6.2×10−6 counts per second (cps), but despite more than two decades of development they have never achieved an array size larger than a kilopixel. Here, we report on the implementation and characterization of a 400,000 pixel SNSPD camera, a factor of 400 improvement over the previous state-of-the-art. The array spanned an area 4 × 2.5mm with a 5 × 5 μm resolution, reached unity quantum efficiency at wavelengths of 370nm and 635 nm, counted at a rate of 1.1 × 105 cps, and had a dark count rate of 1.0e−4 cps per detector (corresponding to 0.13 cps over the whole array). The imaging area contains no ancillary circuitry and the architecture is scalable well beyond the current demonstration, paving the way for large-format superconducting cameras with 100% fill factors and near-unity detection efficiencies across a vast range of the electromagnetic spectrum.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.pr638g
title: Impact of M-dwarf StellarWind and Photoevaporation on the Atmospheric Evolution of Small Planets

description: The evolution of a planet’s atmosphere depends strongly on its host star’s properties. When their host stars are younger, planets can experience stronger winds and EUV emissions. This is particularly true for planets orbiting M-dwarfs due to their close proximity to the host star. To determine if these planets retain an atmosphere, we consider the impacts from stellar wind and EUV fluxes in driving atmospheric escape throughout the planet’s lifetime. For this, we determined the atmospheric mass loss due to stellar wind and photoevaporation on 4 planets in close orbit and 34 in their star’s habitable zone (HZ). The M-dwarf host stars’ wind velocity, density, and EUV flux were calculated through rotation period and X-ray flux scaling over time. The mass loss rate due to stellar wind and photoevaporation was then computed as a function of time and accumulated throughout the planet’s age to determine the total atmospheric mass loss of the planet’s initial H/He envelope. We find that for HZ planets at orbits &lt; 0.1 AU, stellar wind can only remove ≤ 1% of the H/He envelope, while photoevaporation is essential for completely removing the H/He envelope of most targets. Moreover, due to either mechanism, most planets orbiting at &gt; 0.1 AU do not have their primordial envelope stripped. Overall, out of the 38 planets studied, 13 were predicted to have lost the primordial envelope due to photoevaporation, while 2 planets lost the envelope due to both stellar wind and photoevaporation.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.uzezhy
title: OH Roaming and Beyond in the Unimolecular Decay of the Methyl-Ethyl Substituted Criegee Intermediate: Observations and Predictions

description: Alkene ozonolysis generates short-lived Criegee intermediates, which are a significant source of hydroxyl (OH) radicals. This study demonstrates that roaming of the separating OH radicals can yield alternate hydroxycarbonyl products, thereby reducing the OH yield. Specifically, hydroxybutanone has been detected as a stable product arising from roaming in the unimolecular decay of the methyl-ethyl substituted Criegee intermediate (MECI) under thermal flow cell conditions. The dynamical features of this novel multistage dissociation plus roaming unimolecular decay process have also been examined with ab initio kinetics calculations. Experimentally, hydroxybutanone isomers are distinguished from isomeric MECI by their higher ionization threshold and distinctive photoionization spectra. Moreover, the exponential rise of the hydroxybutanone kinetic time profile matches that for unimolecular decay of MECI. A weaker methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) photoionization signal is also attributed to OH roaming. Complementary multireference electronic structure calculations have been utilized to map the unimolecular decay pathways for MECI, starting with 1,4 H-atom transfer from a methyl or methylene group to the terminal oxygen, followed by roaming of the separating OH and butanonyl radicals in the long-range region of the potential. Roaming via reorientation and addition of OH to the vinyl group of butanonyl is shown to yield hydroxybutanone, and subsequent C-O elongation and H-transfer can lead to MVK. A comprehensive theoretical kinetic analysis has been conducted to evaluate rate constants and branching yields (ca. 10-11%) for thermal unimolecular decay of MECI to conventional and roaming products under laboratory and atmospheric conditions, consistent with the estimated experimental yield (ca. 7%).
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.iaqlbb
title: Climate grief for the climate scientist

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.t6efsj
title: Apparent Tropospheric Observation of Criegee Intermediate Oligomerization Reaction Signatures

description: Criegee intermediates are zwitterionic carbonyl oxide reactive intermediates that are implicated in transforming the composition of Earth’s troposphere and in the formation of secondary organic aerosol, impacting Earth’s radiation balance, air quality and human health. Yet, direct identification of their signatures in the field remains elusive. From particulate and gas-phase mass spectrometric measurements in the Amazon rainforest, we identify sequences of masses that are consistent with expected signatures of oligomerization of the CH2OO Criegee intermediate, a process implicated in ozonolysis-driven aerosol formation. We assess the potential contributions of oligomerization through laboratory ozonolysis experiments, direct kinetic studies of Criegee intermediate reactions, and high-level theoretical calculations. Global atmospheric models built on these kinetics results indicate that Criegee intermediate chemistry may play a larger role in altering the composition of Earth’s troposphere than is captured in current atmospheric models, especially in areas of high humidity. However, the models still capture only a relatively small fraction of the observed signatures, suggesting the considerable underestimates of Criegee intermediate concentrations and reactivity and/or the dominance of other oxidation mechanisms. Resolving remaining uncertainties in emission inventories and the effects of atmospheric water vapor on key chemical reactions will be required to definitively assess the role of Criegee intermediate oligomerization reactions.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.jh1cew
title: Quantifying the impact of vertical resolution on the representation of marine boundary layer physics for global-scale models

description: While GCM horizontal resolution has received the majority of scale improvements in recent years, ample evidence suggests that a model’s vertical resolution exerts a strong control on its ability to accurately simulate the physics of the marine boundary layer. Here we show that, regardless of parameter tuning, the ability of a Single Column Model (SCM) to simulate the subtropical marine boundary layer improves when its vertical resolution is improved. We introduce a novel objective tuning technique to optimize the parameters of a Single Column Model (SCM) against profiles of temperature and moisture and their turbulent fluxes, horizontal winds, cloud water, and rain water from Large Eddy Simulations (LES). We use this method to identify optimal parameters for simulating marine stratocumulus and shallow cumulus. The novel tuning method utilizes an objective performance metric that accounts for the uncertainty in the LES output, including the co-variability between model variables. Optimization is performed independently for different vertical grid spacings and value of time step, ranging from coarse scales often used in current global models (120 m, 180 s) to fine-scales often used in parameterization development and large eddy simulations (10 m, 15 s). Uncertainty-weighted disagreement between the SCM and LES decreases by a factor of ~5 when vertical grid spacing is improved from 120 m to 10 m, with time step reductions being of secondary importance. Model performance is shown to converge at a vertical grid spacing of 20 m, with further refinements to 10 m leading to little further improvement.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.47gamg
title: Contamination Control Program for the Psyche Asteroid Mission

description: Psyche is a NASA Discovery-class mission that will visit the metallic asteroid (16) Psyche to determine its origin and conditions of formation and to understand whether parallels between the asteroid and the cores of terrestrial planets can be drawn. [1] The Psyche instrument suite consists of a magnetometer, a gamma ray and neutron spectrometer (GRNS), the Psyche Multispectral Imagers (PMI) and the Deep Space Optical Communications (DSOC) technology demonstration payload. PMI and DSOC drive the overall contamination sensitivity of the Psyche mission. Unique contamination analysis challenges for the Psyche mission included: developing a novel molecular contamination transport model for parametric assessments of outgassing risk [2]; implementing a contamination-induced optical throughput degradation model; justifying the need for a T-0 purge and deployable aperture cover for DSOC; and modelling the sputtering and transport of contaminants due to electric propulsion system plume impingement. Contamination control implementation challenges on Psyche included: using a commercial telecommunications satellite bus to host scientific instruments; interfacing with a new spacecraft contractor; and creating a “chamber inside a chamber” for spacecraft TVAC to protect JPL’s 25ft Space Simulator. [3] This work describes JPL’s Contamination Control program for the Psyche mission, including the planning and execution of strategies to resolve those mission-unique challenges in preparation for launch.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.nkgx5m
title: Design, Alignment, and Laboratory Calibration of the Compact Wide Swath Imaging Spectrometer II (CWIS-II)

description: The Compact Wide Swath Imaging Spectrometer II (CWIS-II) is an imaging spectrometer built, tested, calibrated, and delivered for the University of Zurich (UZH). CWIS-II will be integrated into an aircraft for Earth science research, algorithm development, and satellite calibration and validation. CWIS-II’s two-mirror telescope and Dyson-type spectrometer are optically fast (F/1.8), span a wide swath (40.2-degree field of view over 1240 spatial pixels), record data at 216 frames per second, and operate over the 380-2500 nm solar-reflected spectrum with 7.4 nm spectral sampling. This work describes the CWIS-II instrument configuration, optical alignment process, and present final laboratory spectral and spatial performance.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ide1us
title: Model-based Systems Engineering Efficiencies

description: NASA, JPL, and other space agencies rely on ever larger, more complex software systems to do challenging science. This trend raises the stakes and drives the need for breakthrough solutions which reduce mission risk. At the laboratory, the emergence of model-based design reformulates the design process, and therefore the nature of software systems engineering must change accordingly. For example, Mars Polar Lander is thought to have failed when the software turned off its engines too soon – the flaw in the software-system design was introduced when the software requirements were derived from the system requirements; had there been a software-system model, this flaw would have been easily detected with the approach we advocate. Model based engineering is used on other missions, but we're specifically talking about 3 Mars missions (Mars Science Laboratory, Mars 2020, and Mars Sample Retrieval Lander) in this paper. Model-based systems engineering promises to shift the way space mission designs are captured, reviewed and elaborated from being centered on drawings and text-based documents to computer processable models. In this context, model-based software systems engineering aims to validate mission-specific, model-based components of spacecraft flight software designs. Our goal is to identify the places where applications of model-based design allows for 3-fold or better improvements in defect detection rates. For example, if current requirements inspections are able to detect 70% of a certain class of defects – that leaves 30% undetected. We are seeking techniques that are able to detect at least 90% of that class of defects – thus reducing the undetected rate to 10% or less (a 3-fold reduction or better). The results of this research are necessary to ensure the laboratory is ready for model-based design and the increasingly challenging missions developed with this paradigm. This paper gives a synopsis of how these methods and techniques evolved and makes recommendations as to how they should be infused into systems engineering at the laboratory.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.tegchc
title: Altamira Comet Proof-of-Concept

description: Beginning some 30,000 years ago, nine of our Paleolithic ancestors painted their unique hands on the walls of Altamira Cave in Cantabria, Spain—an act of communication by the community, for the community. We present a proof-of- concept for the Altamira Comet, a 21st century work that expresses the evolution of this gesture in our digital age: we all go. The Altamira Comet invites everyone on Earth to participate, individually and uniquely, through our contemporary society’s iconic representation of identity: the selfie. Everyone’s selfies will be cast as microscopic low relief golden busts, frozen into a ball of ice, and deployed into heliocentric orbit as a sublimating comet, embodying millions of individual humans from around the world. The proof-of-concept is a vial of five million discrete selfie sculptures in solution, using computer vision, electron-beam lithography and high-vacuum deposition to fabricate each selfie the size of a grain of cosmic dust. We also discuss plans to deploy the comet using an off-the-shelf CubeSat deployer and to scale the work to support a goal of at least one billion global participants.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.n9u75v
title: Development of a Cloud-based Data Match-Up Service (CDMS) in Support of Ocean Science Applications

description: There is a need in the oceanographic community for a generalized data collocation capability for satellite and/or in-situ observations that is publicly accessible and provides flexibility and reproducibility for use cases ranging from open science to satellite retrieval calibration and validation. The Cloud-based Data Match-Up Service (CDMS) is a collaborative effort between NASA JPL, COAPS, NCAR, and Saildrone to address this need. With an exponential increase in the volume of satellite data, the CDMS architecture is designed to be scalable and to leverage the elasticity of the cloud. The heterogeneous nature of in situ data makes developing a generic system challenging, but CDMS is designed with the consideration of making it possible to efficiently onboard new datasets. This paper describes the architecture and technologies behind CDMS and provides details on how the data match-up implementation is validated.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.qgayva
title: Submillimeter-Wave Phased Array for Titan Atmospheric Sounding Instrument

description: Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, is anorganically reach world with Earth-like geological conditionssuch as thick nitrogen atmosphere and stable liquid on itssurface. Unique to Titan is the surface-atmosphere interactionswhich transfer the complex organic molecules formed up in theatmosphere to the surface. These organic materials are thenmoved and shaped by wind and rain into dunes, lakes and seas.Understanding of this complex surface-atmosphere relation isthe need of the hour as it will facilitate future missions to thisunique world. In this work, we present a submillimeter-wavelimb sounder instrument concept that can directly measure thevertical profiles of temperature, winds, and trace gases inTitan’s atmosphere which will help to improve ourunderstanding of the complex atmospheric circulations on Titanas well as on other slow rotating planetary bodies. Here wepresent a demonstration of submillimeter-wave phased arrayantenna system for electronic beam steering that will enablesignificant reduction on size-weight-and-power requirements ofthe potential future missions.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.0dacro
title: Extreme Quasar Variability

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.35lv4l
title: An efficient high-etendue imaging spectrometer

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.iecwgw
title: Contamination Control Program for the Psyche Asteroid Mission

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.bju3hv
title: Telecommunications for Time Domain Multimessenger Astrophysics Missions: The Deep Space Network

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.mar6qu
title: Effects of Unique Interplanetary Trajectories on Entry, Descent, and Landing of the Sample Retrieval Lander Mission

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.gtaoms
title: NISAR L1 and L2 products

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.dclt6e
title: Enhanced Lander Vision System (ELViS) as a Radar Alternative

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.jh43tz
title: JPL GHG Missions

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.hyyzr9
title: Capacitively Isolated DC DC Converters: Enabling Very High Power Density

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.acjiol
title: Motion Planning and Control Strategies:1) Safety Under Uncertainty, 2) Formation Sensing, and 3) Resilient Multi-Agent Systems

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.hmwaxw
title: What's Happening in the Solar System and Beyond?

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.yexanj
title: From Earth to Mars - The Deep Space Network Services for NASA's Perseverance Rover, UAE's Hope, and ESA's ExoMars Rover Missions

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.eer5l7
title: An In-situ Instrument Package for Direct Measurements of both gases and aerosols in Venus and other Planetary Atmospheres

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.txtf7x
title: CADRE - NASA GCD Annual Performance Review Presentation

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.jliqfd
title: Comparative Study of the Capabilities of L-band and S-band SAR for Characterizing Oil Spills

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.y9gsnl
title: NEXT STEPSNISAR Applied Science Applications Community Engagement

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.rmoi3b
title: SpaceClimate_Krakov_JoanFeynman

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ut85of
title: Atmospheric Passive Remote Sensing

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.15468/7q6wtq
title: Indigenous ornamental freshwater ichthyofauna of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve, India: status and prospects: Fishes Checklist

description: Ornamental fishes are the most popular pet throughout the world and figh demand for these fishes has made them an important component of the world fish trade. India contrfibutes a very meager percentage to the world ornamental fish trade; but considering the high ichthyofaunal diversity it has the potential to compete with the world’s leading ornamental fish producers in the near future. Sundarban Biosphere Reserve has abundant waterbodies with rich fish diversity. Although some research has been carried out on ichthyofaunal resources off the Sundarban; detailed documentafion on freshwater indigenous ornamental ichthyofaunal resources off this region is sill not available. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study has been conducted to list the indigenous ornamental ichthyofaunal resources of the Sundarban Biosphere Reserve along with their conservation status and their prospective utilization for improved livelihood of local communities. Eighty four species belonging to 11 orders, 28 families and 59 genera were collected from the study area with species representing the order Cypriniformes dominating the ichthyofauna. Nine species have been listed as Near Threatened in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Indigenous fish species of the Sundarban having great potential to support domestic as well as the international ornamental fish trade from India in near future. The ornamental fish species would also be able to generate alternate livelihood options for the impecunious communities of the Sundarban. However, serious concern must also be paid to the conservation of these fish species as some of them are under near threatened categories of IUCN Red list.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3761562.v2707
title: Online Labour Index: Measuring the Online Gig Economy for Policy and Research

description: Data repository for the data underlying the Online Labour Index. See http://ilabour.oii.ox.ac.uk online-labour-index/ for details.