cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.54
title: Synthesis of ruthenium complexes as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells

description: Five ruthenium complexes, SS01-SS05, were synthesized. The physical and electronic properties were studied and the compounds were used as a critical part of a dye-sensitized solar cell. The complexes, which are dyes or photosensitizers, are used as mediator to convert light to electric power. In this study, one of the bipyridine ligand of the synthesized complexes was a derivative of 2,3-diphenylpyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline, which was to serve as the light-harvesting unit of the complexes. The SS01-SS05 bear different substituents at the para-position of the phenyl ring such as –H, –OMe, –NEt2, –Me, and –Br. The data obtained from 1H NMR and ATR-IR spectroscopy were used to identify the structure of the compounds. In studying electronic structure, cyclic voltammetry was used altogether with absorption spectra to calculate HOMO and LUMO electronic levels. Upon the study of photovoltaic characteristic of the cell staining with SS01-SS05, it was illustrated that the overall conversion efficiency of SS01-SS05 were 2.60, 3.04, 2.60, 2.50, and 1.06%, respectively, which were lower than the efficiency (5.07%) obtained from the cell staining with standard N719. These were the results from the lower current density of the cells staining with SS01-SS05, possibly due to poorer electron injection from SS01-SS05 onto the TiO2 surface, when compared to the standard N719.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.55
title: Transboder rubber investment and its implications on food security in Lao PDR : A case study of Thai rubber plantations in Atsaphone, Savannakhet province

description: Lao PDR is a resource rich but cash poor country where approximately 80% of the population live in rural areas and are subsistence or semi-subsistence farmers, the majority of whom still rely on agriculture and other natural resources for food production to satisfy their dietary needs. Industrial tree plantations, including rubber, have been promoted to the Government of Lao PDR to champion poverty eradication in Lao PDR. Private-sector actors from Thailand, China and Vietnam are all investors in rubber plantations in Lao PDR. To understand changes in rural food security, it is critical to study the changes in land tenure, access to natural resources and other social changes within host communities as a result of foreign direct investments (FDI) in rubber plantations in Lao PDR. Thaihua Rubber has made its rubber plantation investments in five provinces in Lao PDR including Don Kuang plantation, the area of the case study. The establishment of Don Kuang affected four villages including Kan Tiew village in Atsaphone District, Savannakhet Province. The study investigates how government, private sector, and civil society actors and the community themselves interact within the process of Thai transborder rubber investment in Lao PDR, and ultimately how this process accounts for and affects food security in Kan Tiew village using the political ecology approach. Findings reveal how Don Kuang plantation have caused changes which include land tenure security, decline in Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in Kan Tiew village and particularly the sub-standard contract conditions of Kan Tiew plantation households with the company have caused vulnerability to food insecurity. However, there are other factors causing the vulnerability beyond these immediate changes including the corporate behaviour of Thaihua Rubber and the process of its rubber investments in Lao PDR where the politics of power overriding the need to lessen the social and environmental impact on the ground and hence discounting food security. Given the growth of industrial plantation development in Lao PDR could not be reverted, the resultant food insecurity condition may eventually also threaten other aspects of human security.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.56
title: Relationship between OsCam1-1 and OsNUC1 gene expression in salt-stress respone in rice Oryza sativa L.

description: Nucleolin1 (OsNUC1) is a salt stress-responsive gene of which the role in rice is implicated in salt tolerance. The principal objective of this study was to understand the regulation of OsNUC1 gene expression under salinity stress. Promoter region of OsNUC1 was cloned from two pairs of rice cultivars/lines; including a salt-sensitive cultivar, Leung Pra Tew 123 (LPT123), and its salt-resistant mutated line, Leung Pra Tew 123-TC171 (LPT123-TC171), as well as a salt-sensitive cultivar, Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105) and its salt-resistant introgression line, FL530-IL. It was found that nucleotide sequence of OsNUC1 promoter contained important cis-regulatory elements that are associated with dehydration/salt responsive gene expression, i. e. MYB and MYC recognition sites, dehydration responsive element (DRE), and ABA-responsive elements (ABREs). Sequence comparison among the four rice cultivars/lines revealed that OsNUC1 promoter from the cultivar LPT123 and KDML105 were identical. However, They were different from those of LPT123-TC171 and FL530-IL in that the promoter of those lines exhibited greater number of MYB and MYC recognition sites and ABREs. These cis-element variations found on the gene promoter might be a cause for the distinct OsNUC1 expression patterns/levels in response to salinity amongst the rice cultivars/lines. Furthermore, the effect of the salt-stress sensor OsCam1-1 on OsNUC1 gene expression under salinity was assessed. It was found that salt stress-responsive expression of OsNUC1 was positively correlated with OsCam1-1 transcript levels, suggesting the involvement of Ca2+/calmodulin signaling in regulation of OsNUC1 gene expression under salinity. Moreover, in this study, putative calmodulin-binding R2R3-MYB transcription factors were identified from the rice genome, seven of which showed potential to interact with calmodulin. Four of the putative R2R3-MYB proteins were selected for a test of interaction with the salt-stress sensor OsCaM1-1 by yeast two-hybrid assay. However, the assay revealed the absence of protein interaction.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.57
title: Cloning and Sequencing of Sialoadhesin and CD163 cDNA from Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus infected Porcine Alveolar Macrophages

description: Sialoadhesin (Sn) and CD163 receptors were reported as two essential receptors on porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) for PRRSV infection and importance for the study of the immunity of pigs after infection. The objectives of this study were cloning and sequencing the porcine Sn (full and N-terminal domain) and CD163 (full and domain 5) cDNA from 3 strains of PRRSV infected PAM of Thai nursery pigs and comparison of gene expression level with GAPDH gene as internal reference. In this thesis, total RNA was extracted from 6 positive EU, US and HP-PRRSV infected PAM. The porcine Sn (full and N-terminal domain) and CD163 (full and domain 5) cDNA were further amplified using PCR technique. Band densitometry was used to quantify expression level. Then, the cDNA were cloned into pCR®-XL-TOPO® (full cDNA) and pCR®8-GW-TOPO® (N-terminal domain and domain 5 cDNA) vectors. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences including compositions were then analyzed and compared. The results showed that 10 clones of Sn (full) and 20 clones of CD163 (full) were constructed in pCR®-XL-TOPO® vectors, while 24 clones of Sn (N-terminal domain) and 29 clones of CD163 (domain 5) were transferred into pCR8®-GW-TOPO® vectors. The sequences and compositions of nucleotide and deduced amino acids of these genes from 3 strains of PRRSV were successfully analyzed and showed more than 95% similarity. Furthermore, the US strain of PRRSV infected PAM collected from Thai nursery pigs showed higher expression level of porcine Sn and CD163 cDNA than that of the HP and EU strains.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.58
title: Canine Uterine Infection and the Expression of Toll-like Receptor 2 and 4 in Canine Uterus

description: EXP. 1 aimed to identify the bacterial species in the vagina and uterus healthy bitches and bitches with closed-cervix and opened-cervix pyometra. Various bacterial species were found from the vagina and uterus of bitches in this study. No healthy bitches had a relationship between bacterial species in vagina and uterus and in 13 bitches with closed-cervix pyometra, the bacterial species of 10 bitches (76.92%) were not related between vagina and uterus. Meanwhile, in 20 bitches with opened-cervix pyometra, the bacterial species between vagina and uterus in 6 bitches (30%) had no relationship. Bacteria found in the vagina may not be an initial cause of uterine infection in bitches with closed-cervix pyometra. Bacterial species in the vagina of bitches with opened-cervix pyometra may be a cause of uterine infection or can be the result of uterine drainage. EXP. 2 aimed to investigate the number of leukocytes in the horn, body and cervix of the uterus in healthy dogs during the estrous cycle. The leukocytes that found from this study were lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and plasma cells. And lymphocytes were the most common leukocytes found in the uterus. In the endometrial stroma, the total leukocytes (P &lt; 0.05) and the number of macrophages (P &lt; 0.01) were significantly increased in anestrous dogs compared to other stages. The number of total leukocytes in the surface epithelium of the uterine horn significantly decreased at estrus (P &lt; 0.01) but significantly decreased at anestrous stage in the cervix compared to other stages (P &lt; 0.05). From this study, the number of leukocytes varied in a different tissue layers and different regions of the uterus at different stages of the estrous cycle which indicated the different role in the uterine immune surveillance protecting the host from the pathogen invasion. EXP. 3 aimed to investigate the expression of TLR2and TLR4 in canine uterus during the estrous cycle and in pyometra. The expression of TLR4 in the endometrial surface epithelium was significantly higher in dogs with pyometra compared with all other groups (P &lt; 0.01). While, the expression of TLR2 in the surface epithelium of the uterine body was significantly decreased in pyometra dogs (P &lt; 0.05). Interestingly, TLR2 was expressed in endometrial epithelium but absent in the endometrial stroma of healthy dogs at all stages. In dogs suffering from pyometra, when compared between the uterine regions, the expression of TLR4 was significantly more intensely in the surface epithelium and stroma of the uterine horn compared to the uterine body and the cervix (P &lt; 0.01). Conversely, the expression of TLR2 in the surface epithelium of the cervix was significantly higher than the uterine horn and body (P &lt; 0.01). From this study, the different levels of TLR2 and TLR4 expression related to distinct cell types of uterus, leukocytes populations and sex hormones.
DOI: 10.17632/d6wsyymvdt.1
title: Data for: Prediction of Postoperative Pain and Opioid Requirement in Patients Chronically Using Opioids
DOI: 10.18716/nmrshiftdb2/2296
title: NMR data for 13-epi-Phaeophorbide-a
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.60
title: Dendritic polyelectrolytes as fluorescent aptasensors for potassium ion

description: A tricationic phenyleneethynylene fluorophore containing three ammonium groups was synthesized from Sonogashira coupling of triiodotriphenylamine with three equivalents of N,N-dimethyl-4-ethynylaniline using Pd/Cu catalyst. Quaternization of the three dimethylaniline groups was accomplished by methylation with methyl iodide. The iodide salt, however, tended to demethylate upon storage in a solid form and became poorly soluble in water. The strongly nucleophilic I- was thus exchanged to a less nuleophilic Cl- using Amberlite IRA-410 anionic ion exchange resin. The fluorophore containing Cl- counter ion was stable and retained its water solubility upon storage. In Tris-HCl buffer, the synthesized compound exhibited maximum absorption and emission at 372 and 386 nm, respectively, with a quantum yield of 6.6%. The polycationic periphery was designed for charge interaction with polyanionic oligonucleotide chain. Three potassium aptameric ODNs i.e. Apt12, Apt15 and Apt21, and one non-aptameric ODN (nApt15) were tested for K+ aptasensing properties. A job’s plot showed the binding ratios of fluorophore/aptamer of 1:2, 1:1 and 1:1 for Apt12, Apt15 and Apt21, respectively. Upon complexation with the aptamer ODNs, the fluorescent signal was enhanced probably by the reduction of geometrical relaxation and aggregation process. In the presence of K+, the fluorescent signal decreases by the formation of the K+-aptamer G-quaduplex structure. Monitoring the fluorescent signal provided a method for determination of K+ concentration in urine samples.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.61
title: Genome-wide analysis of dna methylation and role of methylation status at line-1 and alu sequences in chronic plaque-type psoriasis

description: Long interspersed element-1 (LINE-1 or L1) and short interspersed elements (Alu) retrotransposons are identified to influence human genome in many fashions such as modifications in gene expression. Alterations in methylation of LINE-1 and Alu have been demonstrated to associate with many diseases, particularly in malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Moreover, level and pattern of LINE-1 hypomethylation were related to high cancer risk, prognosis and aggressiveness of many several cancers. But there is no study in Psoriasis. To evaluate DNA methylated status of repetitive sequence in psoriasis. We determined DNA methylation level and pattern of LINE-1 and Alu in keratinocyte and various hematopoietic cells from psoriasis (n=29) compared to normal controls (n=33) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (n=8), by the improved combined bisulfite restriction analysis of LINE-1 and Alu (COBRA-LINE-1 and Alu). COBRA-LINE-1 classified LINE-1 loci due to methylation patterns of 2 CpG dinucleotides at 5’UTR into four categories: hypermethylated (mCmC), hypomethylated (uCuC), and 2 forms of partially methylated loci (uCmC and mCuC). The consequences of epigenetic changes of psoriatic skin in intragenic LINE-1 in gene expression were tested on 2 expression microarrays (GSE13355 and GSE14905). We found hypomethylation of LINE-1 but not Alu in keratinocyte from psoriasis (p-value=0.044) (% methylation in psoriasis vs. normal = 41.64 VS. 45.15). The percentage of uCuC (%uCuC) of LINE-1 was significantly higher in keratinocyte from psoriasis than healthy subjects (p-value=0.045) (% methylation in psoriasis vs. normal = 41.11 VS. 37.40). A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated the cut-off value &gt;39.67% of %uCuC with sensitivity = 69.23% and specificity = 69.23% for psoriasis. Moreover, %uCmC of LINE-1 was significantly lower in severe psoriasis than mild psoriasis (p-value=0.022) (% methylation in severe vs. mild psoriasis = 9.10 VS. 18.80). ROC curve analyses displayed the possible of %uCmC as biomarker for psoriasis severity with a cut-off value of ≤ 10.87% (sensitivity = 83.33% and specificity = 100.00%). Genome-wide expression array analysis revealed a higher prevalence of down regulation when genes containing LINE-1s than without (p-value=3.84 x 10-27 and p-value=2.14 x 10-21, respectively). Changes in LINE-1 pattern and reduction in level can be observed in psoriatic skin. This change is one of the mechanisms that alter gene expression leading to phenotypic change of psoriatic skin. Consequently, certain classes of LINE-1 methylation patterns, %uCuC and %uCmC may be used as novel biomarker for psoriasis.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.62
title: Subcritical water extraction of resveratrol from barks of Shorea Roxburghii G. Don.

description: Phayom (Shorea roxburghii G. Don.) is a Thai plant traditionally known for its medicinal properties such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, cardiovascular disease and alzheimer disease protection. Phayom contains important polyphenolic compounds consisting of trans-resveratrol and glycosylated forms (known also as piceid), found especially in the barks. In general, the form existed in the plant is trans-piceid rather than free trans-resveratrol. Nevertheless, bioavailability of the trans-piceid is much lower, compared with that of the free trans-resveratrol. Therefore, this study aimed to extract trans-resveratrol and trans-piceid from Phayom barks obtained by subcritical water extraction (SCWE) and to obtain free form of trans-resveratrol via β-glucosidase hydrolysis of the extract. Firstly, the investigation was carried out to find suitable conditions for extraction of resveratrol from bark of Phayom with subcritical water. The effects of temperature (100-190 °C) and water flow rate (2-4 ml/min) were considered for extraction carried out for 6 hours, at a constant pressure of 10 MPa. The results were then compared with those obtained with conventional methods. The amount of trans-resveratrol in the extracts was found to be small (0.68 – 13.01 μg/g DW) compared with the amount of trans-piceid, whose maximum amount of 301.70 μg/g DW was obtained at 190 °C and at the flow rate of 3 ml/min. The amounts of trans-piceid obtained by the SCWE, solvent extraction and soxhlet extraction were 130.88, 68.37, 74.87 μg/g dry weight (DW), respectively. Overall, the extract obtained by SCWE has higher amount of trans-piceid than those of solvent extraction and soxhlet extraction. Secondly, the transformation of trans-piceid into free trans-resveratrol by using the enzymatic hydrolysis with β-glucosidase was studied. The hydrolysis was carried out at the incubation temperature of 30 °C and the incubation time of 17 hours. The results were compared for hydrolysis of various extracts obtained from SWE and other conventional methods. The amount of trans-piceid in the extracts obtained with soxhlet and reflux extraction with water was found to decrease as a result of β-glucosidase hydrolysis, while to the amount of trans-resveratrol increased. This result demonstrated that the conversion took place as a result of the enzymatic treatment of these water extracts. The hydrolysis of the subcritical water extract obtained at 190 °C gave similar results as that of the ethanol extract, that is, trans-piceid could not be converted to trans-resveratrol. Conversion of trans-piceid to trans-resveratrol may further be improved further by decreasing the extraction temperature and optimizing the hydrolysis condition.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.63
title: Catalytic upgrading of pyrolytic oil using CeO2-ZrO2 mixed oxide catalysts

description: Bio-oil produced from biomass is a mixture of oxygenated compounds including acids, alcohols, ketones, esters, ethers, aldehydes, phenols, and derivatives, as well as carbohydrates, and a large proportion (20–30 wt.%) of lignin-derived oligomers. One possible application of bio-oil being considered is converted to hydrogen by steam reforming. This thesis is to reports the development of catalyst for hydrogen production of steam reforming reaction over Ni supported on CeO₂-ZrO₂. Acetic acid, ethanol and acetone are used as a model of bio-oil. It was found that the Ni/Ce₀.₇₅Zr₀.₂₅O₂ exhibits an excellent activity for an acetic acid steam reforming comparing to Ni/MgO and Ni/Al₂O₃. This is due to good redox properties of Ce₀.₇₅Zr₀.₂₅O₂. Moreover, by adding potassium over Ni/Ce₀.₇₅Zr₀.₂₅O₂ catalyst is able to modify NiO phase from a rhombohedral to a cubic phase, resulting in the improvement of catalytic properties of the Ni/Ce0.₇₅Zr0.₂₅O₂ catalyst. The presence of K species, can also suppress carbon deposition. For the Co/Ce1-xZrxO₂ catalysts exhibit excellent activity for steam reforming of acetone. The catalytic steam reforming of acetone occurs on both mixed oxides supports and metal phases.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.64
title: Novel anionic extended surfactant and cationic surfactant mixtures for maximizing synergism (solubilization and adsolubilization) and minimizing precipitation

description: Generally, anionic and cationic surfactant mixtures exhibit desirable properties, but are limited by their tendency to form precipitates. In this research, mixture of anionic extended surfactants and a cationic surfactant have been evaluated for precipitation phase boundaries, surface tension, adsorption, adsolubilization, solubilization, desorption, and surface characterization. The results showed that anionic extended surfactant and cationic surfactant mixtures can greatly increase formulation space (reduce precipitation region) while maintaining synergism, although slightly reduced from conventional anionic-cationic mixtures reported previously. For adsorption study, mixed anionic extended surfactant and cationic surfactant systems can reach plateau adsorption region at lower surfactant concentration than that of the CPC alone, although the maximum adsorption capacity of CPC is not enhanced in our mixed surfactant systems. Moreover, stabilities of these mixed surfactant systems are slightly lower than have the individual surfactant system. However, solubilization and adsolubilization capacities of these mixed surfactant systems are higher than that of the individual surfactant system. From these results, these mixed surfactant systems can be employed in many environmental applications including enhanced contaminant extraction from subsurface water, and removing organic pollutants from wastewater.