cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/1015-6h79
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Zhuye Lake, China Holocene Grain Size and Mineralogy Carbon Cycle Data

description: Carbonate deposition is a main inorganic carbon sink in lakes, which varies depending on climate change and internal lake dynamics. Research on the relationship between lake carbonate and climate will help to understand mechanisms of carbon cycle in lacustrine systems. The approach of this study is to explicitly link carbonate formation with Holocene long-term climate change and lake evolution in a paleo-lake (Zhuye Lake), which is a terminal lake of a typical inland drainage basin in arid China. This paper presents analysis on grain-size, carbonate content and mineralogical composition of sediment samples from different locations of Zhuye Lake. The results show that calcite and aragonite are two main components for the lake carbonate, and the carbonate enrichment is associated with lake expansion during the Late Glacial and early to middle Holocene. Holocene lake expansion in arid regions of China is usually connected with high basin-wide precipitation that can strengthen the basin-wide surface carbonate accumulation in the terminal lake. For this reason, Zhuye Lake plays a role of carbon sinks during the wet periods of the Holocene.
description: Holocene mineralogy and grain-size data from five sections collected in Zhuye Lake, north-west China.
Provided Keywords: Carbonate; Carbon cycle; Lake sediments; Mineralogical composition; Climate change; Lithology; Grain-size
DOI: 10.25921/1zs5-6868
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Natural Bridge Caverns, Texas 6700 Year Speleothem Stable Isotope Data

description: Delineating the climate processes governing precipitation variability in drought-prone Texas is critical for predicting and mitigating climate change effects, and requires the reconstruction of past climate beyond the instrumental record. We synthesize existing paleoclimate proxy data and climate simulations to provide an overview of climate variability in Texas during the Holocene. Conditions became progressively warmer and drier transitioning from the early to mid Holocene, culminating between 7 and 3 ka (thousand years ago), and were more variable during the late Holocene. The timing and relative magnitude of Holocene climate variability, however, is poorly constrained owing to considerable variability among the different records. To help address this, we present a new speleothem (NBJ) reconstruction from a central Texas cave that comprises the highest resolution proxy record to date, spanning the mid to late Holocene. NBJ trace-element concentrations indicate variable moisture conditions with no clear temporal trend. There is a decoupling between NBJ growth rate, trace-element concentrations, and d18O values, which indicate that (i) the often direct relation between speleothem growth rate and moisture availability is likely complicated by changes in the overlying ecosystem that affect subsurface CO2 production, and (ii) speleothem d18O variations likely reflect changes in moisture source (i.e., proportion of Pacific-vs. Gulf of Mexico-derived moisture) that appear not to be linked to moisture amount.
description: Speleothem stable isotope (d18O and d13C) from Natural Bridge Caverns, Bexar County, central Texas for the past 6,700 years. Provided Keywords: Holocene, Texas, North America
DOI: 10.25921/1e8v-x595
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - South Asian Summer Monsoon Index 1105 Year Reconstruction

description: Proxy-based reconstructions have indicated that the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) has shown interannual- to centennial-scale oscillations over the past millennium; however, the variability and mechanisms that operate over different timescales remain to be explicitly identified. This is firstly because of the inadequate spatial representation within previous SASM reconstructions, which is caused by the scarcity of tree-ring records from the core monsoon region. This study used eight additional Indian tree-ring width chronologies from the core region of the SASM to update the reconstructed SASM index that covers the past 1105 years. We found that the most significant interannual variability of SASM is mainly related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) over the past few hundred years. The decadal/multidecadal oscillations show a high negative/positive correlation with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO)/Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) after the late 19th century. The centennial component of the SASM, which accounts for 19.4% of the total variance, begins to weaken from the mid-13th century and reaches a minimum in the mid-15th century. The component gradually strengthens again to reach its peak in the early 17th century, followed by a decline trend toward recent. The centennial variations agree well with historical changes in solar activity before the nineteenth century that caused changes in land-sea thermal contrast. However, the close linkage between the SASM and solar activity has weakened since the Industrial era, probably because of the enhanced influence of anthropogenic aerosol emissions.
description: Tree-ring based reconstruction of the South Asian Summer Monsoon Index (SASMI) for the past 1,105 years.  This is an updated version of the Shi et al. 2014 SASMI reconstruction (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17369), utilizing an expanded set of 23 tree-ring predictors (8 additional tree-ring series from India).
DOI: 10.25921/1esk-zs20
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Chen Ha Cave, Belize Mid-Holocene Speleothem Stable Isotope Data

description: Understanding past climate may contribute to a better understanding of future climate change, allowing for adaptations to changing water resources. High latitude paleoclimate reconstructions reveal a warmer northern hemisphere during the mid-Holocene, yet paleoclimate records from tropical Central America are lacking, especially seasonally resolved reconstructions needed to resolve seasonal shifts. Here we reconstruct mid-Holocene precipitation using high-resolution (sub-annual to biannual) stable isotope ratios (oxygen and carbon) extracted from a speleothem recovered from Belize to investigate the frequency and magnitude of precipitation variability. We found a slight increase in precipitation during the mid-Holocene in Belize with less variability compared to the late-Holocene. This increase in precipitation may be a result of the expansion of the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH), which strengthens the Caribbean Lower Level Jet, enhancing westward advection of atmospheric moisture to Belize. The decrease in precipitation variability could be derived from a northward movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) placing Belize within the bounds of the ITCZ for a longer period each year. Time series analysis reveals periodicities of 200-250 years which correspond to the Suess solar cycle. The additional periods of ~100 and ~50 years also have origins in solar irradiance. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV; also known as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)), long recognized as important drivers of precipitation variability in the region, are present but only at the 90% significance level. We posit that the reduced influence of the NAO and AMV could be caused by the northerly migration of the ITCZ during the mid-Holocene.
description: Speleothem CH04-02 stable isotope (d18O and d13C) data from Chen Ha Cave, Vaca Plateau, Belize for the mid-Holocene (7150-4630 Years BP).  The calcite speleothem was sampled at 200um resolution down its c-axis for carbon and oxygen isotope analysis.
DOI: 10.25921/1bfy-n921
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Meriläinen - Valkeajarvi Makkola Kerimäki subfossil - PISY - ITRDB FINL033

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/1rh7-8t65
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Dieterich fire data from Chimney Springs - IMPD USCHS002

description: Records of past fire occurrence from tree rings, charcoal found in lake sediments, and other proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set.  Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations.  Additional information on the International Multiproxy Database (IMPD) data set procedures are also available.
DOI: 10.25921/1ee1-ht94
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Hessl fire data from Narstai Mountains - IMPD MNNRS001

description: Recent increases in wildland fire, warming temperatures, and land use change have coincided in many forested regions, making it difficult to parse causes of elevated fire activity. Here we use 20 multicentury fire scar chronologies (464 fire scar samples) from Mongolia to evaluate the role of climate forcing of fire in the context of livestock grazing and minimal fire suppression. We observe no change in fire return intervals post-1900; however, since the 1500s, periods of drought are coincident with more fire and shorter fire return intervals. We observe same year and some antecedent year effects of dought on fire, a pattern typical of semiarid forests elsewhere. During the instrumental period, drought remains an important drive of fire however, limited fire activity in recent decades may be due to the coincidence of drought and intensive grazing that have synergized to reduce fuel continuity and fire spread.
DOI: 10.25921/1626-g603
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Palmer - Pegleg Creek Update - PHAL - ITRDB NEWZ130

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Core samples from trees growing at Pegleg Creek adjacent to the Arthurs Pass highway. This is a site update of NEWZ017.rwl. 27 trees and 69 series. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-12-04.
DOI: 10.25921/1weg-sk60
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Thapa - Khaptad National Park - ABPI - ITRDB NEPA044

description: This study aims to understand the influence of climate on radial growth of Abies pindrow growing in the plateau of mixed forest in Khaptad National Park in Western Nepal Himalaya. Based on the dated tree-ring samples, 362-year long tree-ring width chronology was developed dating back to 1650. The studied taxa of this region was found to have dendroclimatic potentiality that was evident from the chronology statistics calculated. The tree-ring chronology was correlated with climate (temperature and precipitation) data to derive the tree-growth climate relationship. The result showed significant negative relationship with March-May temperature and positive relationship with March-May precipitation. This indicates that the availability of moisture is the primary factor in limiting the tree growth.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08.
DOI: 10.25921/1fqk-z842
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Dante Cave, Namibia 550 Year Stalagmite Stable Isotope Data

description: Multiple proxies using variation in d18O, d13C, mineralogy, and petrography in a newly generated high-resolution record of Stalagmite DP1 from Dante Cave indicate a linkage between changes in hydroclimate in northeastern Namibia and changes in solar activity and changes in global temperatures. The record suggests that during solar minima and globally cooler conditions (ca. 1660-1710 and ca. 1790-1830), wetter periods (reflecting longer summer seasons) in northeastern Namibia were linked to advances of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and the Inter-Ocean Convergence Zone (IOCZ) southwestward. A slight southward push of the Angola-Benguela Front (ABF) during such intervals could also be expected, bringing more rainfall inland. On the other hand, drier and warmer periods in northeastern Namibia, inferred from the increasing d18O trend in Stalagmite DP1 after AD 1715, coincide with globally warmer conditions, and thus a northeastward migration of the ITCZ, specifically with more warming of the Northern Hemisphere (NH). This finding agrees with reducing precipitation observed in the summer rainfall zone of southern Africa since ca. 1900. Therefore, predictions of warming in high-latitude regions of the NH in the next century should suggest that the presently semi-arid climate of northern Namibia may become even drier. 
description: Stalagmite stable isotope (d13C and d18O) data from Dante Cave, Namibia for the past 550 years
DOI: 10.25921/1v4p-0p84
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Jacoby - Water Supply - TSME - ITRDB AK029

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/13q6-a233
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - North Atlantic SST and Salinity Reconstructions over the Past Millennium

description: There were several centennial-scale fluctuations in the climate and oceanography of the North Atlantic region over the past 1,000 years, including a period of relative cooling from about AD 1450 to 1850 known as the Little Ice Age1. These variations may be linked to changes in solar irradiance, amplified through feedbacks including the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation2. Changes in the return limb of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation are reflected in water properties at the base of the mixed layer south of Iceland. Here we reconstruct thermocline temperature and salinity in this region from AD 818 to 1780 using paired d18O and Mg/Ca ratio measurements of foraminifer shells from a subdecadally resolved marine sediment core. The reconstructed centennial-scale variations in hydrography correlate with variability in total solar irradiance. We find a similar correlation in a simulation of climate over the past 1,000 years. We infer that the hydrographic changes probably reflect variability in the strength of the subpolar gyre associated with changes in atmospheric circulation. Specifically, in the simulation, low solar irradiance promotes the development of frequent and persistent atmospheric blocking events, in which a quasi-stationary high-pressure system in the eastern North Atlantic modifies the flow of the westerly winds. We conclude that this process could have contributed to the consecutive cold winters documented in Europe during the Little Ice Age.
description: Chronology for RAPiD-35-25B found in Moffa-Sanchez et al., 2014 Surface changes in the eastern Labrador Sea around the onset of the Little Ice Age, Paleoceanography, 2013PA002523, doi:10.1002/2013PA002523. 
Provided Keywords: Last millennium, Subpolar North Atlantic
DOI: 10.25921/1gd2-dy20
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Silver Lake, California 14,800 Year Sediment Physical Properties Data

description: Silver Lake is the modern terminal playa of the Mojave River in southern California (USA). As a result, it is well located to record both influences from the winter precipitation dominated San Bernardino Mountains - the source of the Mojave River - and from the late summer to early fall North American monsoon at Silver Lake. Here, we present various physical, chemical and biological data from a new radiocarbon-dated, 8.2m sediment core taken from Silver Lake that spans modern through 14.8 cal ka BP. Texturally, the core varies between sandy clay, clayey sand, and sand-silt-clay, often with abrupt sedimentological transitions. These grain-size changes are used to divide the core into six lake status intervals over the past 14.8 cal ka BP. Notable intervals include a dry Younger Dryas chronozone, a wet early Holocene terminating 7.8 - 7.4 cal ka BP, a distinct mid-Holocene arid interval, and a late Holocene return to ephemeral lake conditions. A comparison to potential climatic forcings implicates a combination of changing summer - winter insolation and tropical and N Pacific sea-surface temperature dynamics as the primary drivers of Holocene climate in the central Mojave Desert.
description: Grain size, mineralogy, and geochemical data from Silver Lake sediments for the past 14,800 years.
DOI: 10.25921/1fk4-jc97
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Allen - Mount Field Update - ATCU - ITRDB AUSL040

description: Occurrence of drought and dry periods in southeastern Australia has been linked to broad scale climate phenomena including the Southern Oscillation, Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and persistence of blocking high pressure in the Tasman Sea. We examine relationships between Athrotaxis tree ring chronologies from southern Australia extending over much of the past millennia and these broad scale indices. We also examine relationships between the chronologies, temperature, precipitation and a standardised precipitation and evapotranspiration index. Timing of significant correlations with maximum temperature varies between species. The responses of the species with broadscale indices vary with location: northern Athrotaxis cupressoides (Pencil Pine) are more strongly related to the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) and Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) than southern sites. As an exception to this, a site in the far south had significant correlations with both the SOI and IPO, opposite in sign to those observed for the northern sites. Significant spectral power at frequencies consistent with the SOI and IPO occur in all chronologies. Western and southern sites are more strongly related to a seasonalised index of SAM. These three systems have played important roles in determining moisture conditions in southeastern Australia over the past millennium. Results suggest that reconstructions of the SOI, IPO or SAM are unlikely based solely on this Athrotaxis network. The Athrotaxis network of tree ring sites, is however, likely to be an important input to multi-proxy models reconstructing the SOI, IPO or SAM in the Australian sector. The Athrotaxis network of sites is also an important extension of the existing network of Australian tree ring sites that could be used to reconstruct historical drought in southeastern Australia.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-01.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29271101
title: Thermometer time response investigations

description: This work investigated the time response of thermometers used for air temperature measurement, comparing sensors various exposed in a Stevenson screen and an aspirated thermometer shield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29271101.v1
title: Thermometer time response investigations

description: This work investigated the time response of thermometers used for air temperature measurement, comparing sensors various exposed in a Stevenson screen and an aspirated thermometer shield.
DOI: 10.25921/16pa-br85
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Paleo-pCO2 Database Middle Miocene ODP761 Boron Isotope and CO2 Data

description: The amplitude of climatic change, as recorded in the benthic oxygen isotope record, has varied throughout geological time. During the late Pleistocene, changes in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) are an important control on this amplitude of variability. The contribution of CO2 to climate variability during the pre-Quaternary however is unknown. Here we present a new boron isotope-based CO2 record for the transition into the middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MCO) between 15.5 and 17 Myr that shows pronounced variability between 300 ppm and 500 ppm on a roughly 100 kyr time scale during the MCO. The CO2 changes reconstructed for the Miocene are ~2 times larger in absolute terms (300 to 500 ppm compared to 180 to 280 ppm) than those associated with the late Pleistocene and ~15% larger in terms of climate forcing. In contrast, however, variability in the contemporaneous benthic oxygen isotope record (at ~1 permil) is approximately two thirds the amplitude of that seen during the late Pleistocene. These observations indicate a lower overall sensitivity to CO2 forcing for Miocene (Antarctic only) ice sheets than their late Pleistocene (Antarctic plus lower latitude northern hemisphere) counterparts. When our Miocene CO2 record is compared to the estimated changes in contemporaneous d18Osw (ice volume), they point to the existence of two reservoirs of ice on Antarctica. One of these reservoirs appears stable, while a second reservoir shows a level of dynamism that contradicts the results of coupled climate-ice sheet model experiments given the CO2 concentrations that we reconstruct.
description: Paleo-CO2 derived from boron isotope measurements on marine sediment core ODP761B for the middle Miocene (~17 - 15 million years ago), contributed to the Paleo-pCO2 Database.