cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.58445
title: Data from: Effects of land use on lake nutrients: the importance of scale, hydrologic connectivity, and region

description: Catchment land uses, particularly agriculture and urban uses, have long
 been recognized as major drivers of nutrient concentrations in surface
 waters. However, few simple models have been developed that relate the
 amount of catchment land use to downstream freshwater nutrients. Nor are
 existing models applicable to large numbers of freshwaters across broad
 spatial extents such as regions or continents. This research aims to
 increase model performance by exploring three factors that affect the
 relationship between land use and downstream nutrients in freshwater: the
 spatial extent for measuring land use, hydrologic connectivity, and the
 regional differences in both the amount of nutrients and effects of land
 use on them. We quantified the effects of these three factors that relate
 land use to lake total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) in 346
 north temperate lakes in 7 regions in Michigan, USA. We used a linear
 mixed modeling framework to examine the importance of spatial extent, lake
 hydrologic class, and region on models with individual lake nutrients as
 the response variable, and individual land use types as the predictor
 variables. Our modeling approach was chosen to avoid problems of
 multi-collinearity among predictor variables and a lack of independence of
 lakes within regions, both of which are common problems in broad-scale
 analyses of freshwaters. We found that all three factors influence land
 use-lake nutrient relationships. The strongest evidence was for the effect
 of lake hydrologic connectivity, followed by region, and finally, the
 spatial extent of land use measurements. Incorporating these three factors
 into relatively simple models of land use effects on lake nutrients should
 help to improve predictions and understanding of land use-lake nutrient
 interactions at broad scales.
description: Soranno_MI_LULCWe compiled lake water quality and land use/land cover (LULC) data on Michigan lakes. We broadly define lakes to include both lakes and reservoirs. MSU’s Remote Sensing and GIS Outreach and Services (RS/GIS) staff conducted all landscape analyses that have been incorporated into this database. At RS/GIS, Justin Booth and Sarah Acmoody were the analysts creating the landscape portions of the database. Lakes were selected that had historical water quality data collected from ~ 1975-1985 by the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality. The lakes were further selected based on whether they had lake depth associated with them, lake classifications, and other metrics. All lakes that the MI-DEQ sampled only were &gt; 20 ha and had public access.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tg80g
title: Data from: The effect of leaf shape on the thermoregulation and frost tolerance of an annual vine, Ipomoea hederacea (Convolvulaceae)

description: Premise of study: Leaf shape is predicted to have important
 ecophysiological consequences; for example, theory predicts that lobed
 leaves should track air temperature more closely than their
 entire-margined counterparts. Hence, leaf-lobing may be advantageous
 during cold nights (∼0°C) when there is the risk of damage by radiation
 frost (a phenomenon whereby leaves fall below air temperature because of
 an imbalance between radiational heat loss and convective heat gain).
 Methods: Here, we test whether radiation frost can lead to differential
 damage between leaf shapes by examining a leaf-shape polymorphism in
 Ipomoea hederacea, where leaves are either lobed or heart-shaped depending
 on a single Mendelian locus. We logged leaf temperature during midautumn,
 and measured chlorophyll fluorescence and survival as proxies of
 performance. Furthermore, we tested if the leaf-shape locus confers
 freezing tolerance using freezing assays on leaf tissue from different
 leaf shapes. Key results: We found that lobed leaves consistently remain
 warmer than heart-shaped leaves during the night, but that no pattern
 emerged during the day, and that temperature differences between leaf
 shapes were typically small. Furthermore, we found that leaf types did not
 differ in frost tolerance, but that a 1°C decrease leads to a transition
 from moderate to complete damage. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate
 that Ipomoea hederacea leaf shapes do experience different nighttime
 temperatures, and that only minor temperature differences can lead to
 disparate levels of freezing damage, suggesting that the differential
 thermoregulation could result in different levels of frost damage.
description: Campitelli et al 2013 -
 Rooftop Leaf temperatureRaw leaf temperature
 data for the rooftop experiment. The column headers (Lobe, Heart, Hetero)
 refer to the three leaf shape genotypes outlined in the
 paper.Campitelli et al 2013 -
 Rooftop Fv_Fm & SurvivalRaw data for
 photosynthetic efficiency (FV/FM) for each plant in the rooftop
 experiment, as described in the paper. For any given plant, if FV/FM is
 missing ("."), this indicates that plant has died; hence, this
 data can also be used to estimate the time length of survival for each
 plant.Campitelli et al 2013 -
 Relative Conductivity Non-acclimated plantsRelative conductivity
 values (estimated as described in the paper) for non-acclimated plant
 tissue. These data correspond to the "Freezing tolerance of
 non-acclimated tissue" experiment, described in the
 paper.Campitelli et al 2013 -
 Relative Conductivity Acclimated plantsRelative conductivity
 values of acclimated plant tissue, calculated as described in the paper.
 These data correspond to the "Freezing tolerance of cold-hardened
 tissue" experiment described in the paper
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1v1g1b0
title: Data from: Long-term live imaging of the Drosophila adult midgut reveals real-time dynamics of division, differentiation, and loss

description: Organ renewal is governed by the dynamics of cell division,
 differentiation, and loss. To study these dynamics in real time, we
 present a platform for extended live imaging of the adult Drosophila
 midgut, a premier genetic model for stem cell-based organs. A window cut
 into a living animal allows the midgut to be imaged while intact and
 physiologically functioning. This approach prolongs imaging sessions to
 12-16 hours and yields movies that document cell and tissue dynamics at
 vivid spatiotemporal resolution. Applying a pipeline for movie processing
 and analysis, we uncover new, intriguing cell behaviors: that mitotic stem
 cells dynamically re-orient, that daughter cells use slow kinetics of
 Notch activation to reach a fate-specifying threshold, and that
 enterocytes extrude via ratcheted constriction of a junctional ring. By
 enabling real-time study of midgut phenomena that were previously
 inaccessible, our platform opens a new realm for dynamic understanding of
 adult organ renewal.
description: Martin_SourceData
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f8539
title: Data from: Transmission advantage favors selfing allele in experimental populations of self-incompatible Witheringia solanacea (Solanaceae)

description: The evolution of self-fertilization is one of the most commonly traversed
 transitions in flowering plants, with profound implications for population
 genetic structure and evolutionary potential. We investigated factors
 influencing this transition using Witheringia solanacea, a predominantly
 self-incompatible (SI) species within which self-compatible (SC) genotypes
 have been identified. We showed that self-compatibility in this species
 segregates with variation at the S-locus as inherited by plants in F1 and
 F2 generations. To examine reproductive assurance and the transmission
 advantage of selfing, we placed SC and SI genotypes in genetically
 replicated gardens and monitored male and female reproductive success, as
 well as selfing rates of SC plants. Self-compatibility did not lead to
 increased fruit or seed set, even under conditions of pollinator scarcity,
 and the realized selfing rate of SC plants was less than 10%. SC plants
 had higher fruit abortion rates, consistent with previous evidence showing
 strong inbreeding depression at the embryonic stage. Although the selfing
 allele did not provide reproductive assurance under observed conditions,
 it also did not cause pollen discounting, so the transmission advantage of
 selfing should promote its spread. Given observed numbers of S-alleles and
 selfing rates, self-compatibility should spread even under conditions of
 exceedingly high initial inbreeding depression.
description: pollinators_allThis file shows pollinator visitation rates to single focal plants across nine common gardens. It includes two rainy and two dry seasons.FruitSetThis file shows the number of flowers marked and the number that developed into fruits for plants in nine common gardens over two rainy and two dry seasons.abortion_data_2011This file shows the days to abscission for marked flowers of self-compatible and self-incompatible plants.paternityThis file shows genotypes at microsatelliite loci for parental plants and their progeny formed in seven common gardens.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.190pk253
title: Data from: Behavioral types of predator and prey jointly determine prey survival: potential implications for the maintenance of within species behavioral variation

description: Recent studies in animal behavior have emphasized the ecological
 importance of individual variation in behavioral types (e.g. boldness,
 activity). Such studies have emphasized how variation in one species
 affects its interaction with other species. But few (if any) studies
 simultaneously examine variation in multiple interacting species, despite
 the potential for coevolutionary responses to work to either maintain or
 eliminate variation in interacting populations. Here, we investigate how
 individual differences in behavioral types of both predators (Ochre
 Seastars, Pisaster ochraceus) and prey (Black Turban Snails, Chlorostoma
 funebralis) interact to mediate predation rates. We assessed
 activity-level, degree of predator avoidance behavior, and maximum shell
 diameter of individual C. funebralis and activity-levels of individual P.
 ochraceus. We then placed 46 individually-marked C. funebralis into
 outdoor mesocosms with a single P. ochraceus and allowed them to interact
 for 14 days. Overall, predator avoidance behavior and maximum shell
 diameter were positively associated with survival for C. funebralis,
 however, the effects of these traits depended on the predator's
 behavioral type: greater predator avoidance behavior was favored with
 active P. ochraceus and low predator avoidance behavior was favored with
 inactive P. ochraceus. We argue that, even in two-species interactions,
 trait variation in heterospecifics could be an important factor
 maintaining trait variation within populations.
description: Pruitt et al. Dryad
 File
DOI: 10.15139/s3/htb4t2
title: Data Management and Sharing Plan for: Therapy for Non-Hodgkin lympoma

description: The Data Management and Sharing Plan describes the scientific data to be generated and/or used in the research and outlines a strategy for managing and sharing project data.
description: Data Management and Sharing Plan
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rn160
title: Data from: Artificial selection to increase the phenotypic variance in gmax fails

description: Stabilizing selection is important in evolutionary theories of the
 maintenance of genetic variance, and has been invoked as the key process
 determining macro-evolutionary patterns of trait evolution. However,
 manipulative evidence for the extent of stabilizing selection,
 particularly on multivariate trait combinations is lacking. We used
 artificial disruptive selection in Drosophila serrata as a tool to
 determine the relative strength of stabilizing selection experienced by
 multivariate trait combinations with contrasting levels of genetic and
 mutational variance. Contrary to expectation, when disruptive selection
 was applied to the major axis of standing genetic variance, we observed a
 significant and repeatable decrease in its phenotypic variance. In
 contrast, the trait combination predicted to be under strong stabilizing
 selection, showed a significant and repeatable increase in its phenotypic
 variance. Correlated responses were observed in all selection treatments,
 and viability selection operating on extreme phenotypes of traits
 genetically correlated with those directly selected upon limited our
 ability to increase their phenotypic range. Our manipulation revealed that
 multivariate trait combinations were subject to stabilizing selection;
 however, we did not observe a direct relationship between the strength of
 stabilizing selection and the levels of standing genetic variance.
 Contrasting patterns of allele frequencies underlying traits with high vs.
 low levels of standing genetic variance may be implicated in determining
 the response to artificial selection in multivariate trait combinations.
description: Cuticular hydrocarbon
 (CHC) data from artificial disruptive selection
 experimentThe data file contains
 CHC data from an artificial disruptive selection experiment conducted on a
 lab adapted population of D. serrata males.CHC_data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dn7b8
title: Data from: Consequences of a demographic bottleneck on genetic structure and variation in the Scandinavian brown bear

description: The Scandinavian brown bear went through a major decline in population
 size approximately 100 years ago, due to intense hunting. After being
 protected, the population subsequently recovered and today numbers in the
 thousands. The genetic diversity in the contemporary population has been
 investigated in considerable detail, and it has been shown that the
 population consists of several subpopulations that display relatively high
 levels of genetic variation. However, previous studies have been unable to
 resolve the degree to which the demographic bottleneck impacted the
 contemporary genetic structure and diversity. In this study, we used
 mitochondrial and microsatellite DNA markers from pre- and postbottleneck
 Scandinavian brown bear samples to investigate the effect of the
 bottleneck. Simulation and multivariate analysis suggested the same
 genetic structure for the historical and modern samples, which are
 clustered into three subpopulations in southern, central and northern
 Scandinavia. However, the southern subpopulation appears to have gone
 through a marked change in allele frequencies. When comparing the
 mitochondrial DNA diversity in the whole population, we found a major
 decline in haplotype numbers across the bottleneck. However, the loss of
 autosomal genetic diversity was less pronounced, although a significant
 decline in allelic richness was observed in the southern subpopulation.
 Approximate Bayesian computations provided clear support for a decline in
 effective population size during the bottleneck, in both the southern and
 northern subpopulations. These results have implications for the future
 management of the Scandinavian brown bear because they indicate a recent
 loss in genetic diversity and also that the current genetic structure may
 have been caused by historical ecological processes rather than recent
 anthropogenic persecution.
description: BrownBear_historicalsamples_microsatsAlignment_Scandinavian_Brown_Bear_Modern_and_Historical_SamplesSequence alignment including individuals from the historical and modern sample set. Code names with "SC" and "MB" correspond to the historical and modern samples respectively.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v7370
title: Data from: Female and male genetic effects on offspring paternity: additive genetic (co)variances in female extra-pair reproduction and male paternity success in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia)

description: Ongoing evolution of polyandry, and consequent extra-pair reproduction in
 socially monogamous systems, is hypothesised to be facilitated by indirect
 selection stemming from cross-sex genetic covariances with components of
 male fitness. Specifically, polyandry is hypothesised to create positive
 genetic covariance with male paternity success due to inevitable
 assortative reproduction, driving ongoing coevolution. However, it remains
 unclear whether such covariances could or do emerge within complex
 polyandrous systems. First, we illustrate that genetic covariances between
 female extra-pair reproduction and male within-pair paternity success
 might be constrained in socially monogamous systems where female and male
 additive genetic effects can have opposing impacts on the paternity of
 jointly reared offspring. Second, we demonstrate non-zero additive genetic
 variance in female liability for extra-pair reproduction and male
 liability for within-pair paternity success, modelled as direct and
 associative genetic effects on offspring paternity respectively, in
 free-living song sparrows (Melospiza melodia). The posterior mean additive
 genetic covariance between these liabilities was slightly positive, but
 the credible interval was wide and overlapped zero. Therefore, while
 substantial total additive genetic variance exists, the hypothesis that
 ongoing evolution of female extra-pair reproduction is facilitated by
 genetic covariance with male within-pair paternity success cannot yet be
 definitively supported or rejected either conceptually or empirically.
description: female.data.dryad.finalPhenotypic data for quantitative genetic analysis of female liability for extra-pair reproductionfemale.Ainv.finalInverse A matrix for quantitative genetic analysis of female liability for extra-pair reproductionmale.data.dryad.finalPhenotypic data for quantitative genetic analysis of male liability for within-pair paternity successmale.Ainv.finalInverse A matrix for quantitative genetic analysis of male liability for within-pair paternity successmale.female.data.dryad.finalPhenotypic data for joint quantitative genetic analysis of female liability for extra-pair reproduction and male liability for within-pair paternity successmale.female.Ainv.finalInverse A matrix for joint quantitative genetic analysis of female liability for extra-pair reproduction and male liability for within-pair paternity success
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gc67t
title: Data from: Southern Ocean mesopelagic fish comply with Bergmann's rule

description: The applicability of macroecological rules to patterns in body size varies
 between taxa. One of the most examined is Bergmann's rule, which
 states that body size increases with decreasing temperature and increasing
 latitude, although the rule is not universal and the proposed mechanisms
 underpinning it are multifarious and lack congruence. This study considers
 the degree to which Bergmann's rule applies to the Southern Ocean
 mesopelagic fish community. We studied patterns in body size, temperature
 and latitude across a 12° latitudinal gradient within the Scotia-Weddell
 sector. Intra-specific Bergmann's rule was found to apply to 8 out of
 the 11 biomass-dominant species in the family Myctophidae. The rule was
 also apparent at an inter-specific level. Our study suggests that greater
 attainable body size in this community is a necessary attribute to reach
 colder regions further south. The adherence of these taxa to
 Bergmann's rule enables such species to act as sentinels for
 identifying the drivers and consequences of ocean warming on the Southern
 Ocean ecosystem.
description: Body size and
 temperature at depth measurements for Southern Ocean myctophid
 fishMyctophid_data_Am.Nat_Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t11f5
title: Data from: Habitat-based polymorphism is common in stream fishes

description: 1. Morphological differences (size and shape) across habitats are common
 in lake fish where differences relate to two dominant contrasting
 habitats: the pelagic and littoral habitat. Repeated occurrence of
 littoral and pelagic morphs across multiple populations of several lake
 fish species has been considered as important evidence that polymorphism
 is adaptive in these systems. It has been suggested that these
 habitat-based polymorphic differences are due to the temporal stability of
 the differences between littoral and pelagic habitats. 2. Although streams
 are spatially heterogeneous, they are also more temporally dynamic than
 lakes and it is still an open question whether streams provide the
 environmental conditions that promote habitat-based polymorphism. We
 tested whether fish from riffle, run and pool habitats, respectively,
 differed consistently in their morphology. 3. Our test compared patterns
 of morphological variation (size and shape) in 10 fish species from the
 three stream habitat types in 36 separate streams distributed across three
 watersheds. 4. For most species, body size and shape (after controlling
 for body size) differed across riffle, run and pool habitats. Unlike many
 lake species, the nature of these differences was not consistent across
 species, possibly because these species use these habitat types in
 different ways. 5. Our results suggest that habitat-based polymorphism is
 an important feature also in stream-fishes despite the fact that streams
 are temporally variable in contrast to lake systems. Future research is
 required to assess whether the patterns of habitat-polymorphism
 encountered in streams have a genetic basis or they are simply the result
 of within generation phenotypic plasticity.
description: DataSenayetal2014In this file you will find partial warps and fish length for the 10 species studied. It is also indicated the site and the patch where they have been captured. There is also the environmental characteristics that has been measured for all patches and sites.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mp089
title: Data from: Deceived by stripes: conspicuous patterning on vital anterior body parts can redirect predatory strikes to expendable posterior organs

description: Conspicuous colouration, which presumably makes prey more visible to
 predators, has intrigued researchers for long. Contrastingly coloured,
 conspicuous striped patterns are common among lizards and other animals,
 but their function is unknown. We propose and test a novel hypothesis, the
 'redirection hypothesis', wherein longitudinal striped patterns,
 such as those found on the anterior body parts of most lacertilians,
 redirect attacks away from themselves during motion towards less
 vulnerable posterior parts, for e.g. the autotomous tail. In experiments
 employing human 'predators’ attacking virtual prey on a touchscreen,
 we show that longitudinal striped patterns on the anterior half of prey
 decreased attacks to the anterior, and increased attacks to the posterior.
 The position of stripes mattered – they worked best when they were at the
 anterior. By employing an adaptive psychophysical procedure, we show that
 prey with striped patterning are perceived to move slower, offering a
 mechanistic explanation for the redirective effect. In summary, our
 results suggest that the presence of stripes on the body (i.e. head and
 trunk) of lizards in combination with caudal autotomy can work as an
 effective antipredator strategy during motion.
description: Experiment_1Redirection Experiment: Experiment 1Experiment_2Redirection Experiment : Experiment 2Experiment_3Redirection Experiment: Experiment 3Experiment_4Speed match experiment : Experiment 4