cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504620.v1
title: Hazing and the Mental Health of Medical Students

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: The practice of hazing is a phenomenon that began in the Middle Ages and persists in many universities around the world. In Brazil, although the problem is widely recognized, it has been insufficiently studied. Objective: To estimate the prevalence and to identify factors associated with the occurrence of hazing in a public Medical School, located in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 477 medical students from the first to the sixth year of the course. The self-reporting questionnaire included questions and structured instruments to access: socio-demographic and academic life characteristics, social support, symptoms of depression, harmful alcohol use (using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test — Audit), common mental disorder (using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire — SRQ) and if the participant had suffered any form of hazing that he/she considered abusive or if the participant had practiced hazing about which he/she felt guilty or regretful afterwards. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were conducted to identify factors independently associated with each of the outcomes (having suffered abusive hazing or having participated in hazing and feeling regretful afterwards). Results: The response rate was 87.0%. Among the students, 39.8% (95% Cl: 35.4% — 44.2%) reported having suffered abusive hazing, while 7.5% (95% CI: 5.2% — 9.9%) reported having practiced hazing of which they repented. Being subjected to abusive hazing was associated with: male gender, not being adapted to the city, presenting lower scores on the social support scale and psychiatric and/or psychological treatment after admission to university. Having practiced hazing, in turn, was associated with male gender, older age and higher score in the Audit. Conclusion: Hazing was associated with male gender, and with the pursuit of mental health treatment among those who received it and with harmful alcohol use among the perpetrators. It is essential that medical schools discuss and better understand the problem of hazing in order to adopt effective preventive measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504617
title: TRAUMATIC INJURIES OF THE CERVICAL SPINE: CURRENT EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PANORAMA

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To collect data from patients with cervical fracture who were treated surgically in a tertiary health service, in order to better understand the current scenario of this kind of injury in our population. Methods: This retrospective survey examined consecutive cases of patients with cervical spine trauma who received surgical treatment during 2013 and 2014. The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Fifty-two patients were treated with surgery during 2013 and 2014. All patients classified as Frankel A and B developed respiratory failure. Patients classified as Frankel A, B, and C had significantly higher rates for postoperative complications (p &lt; 0.01) than patients classified as Frankel D and E, except for the rate of postoperative infections (p = 0.717). Hospitalization time was also longer in the first group (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: Patients with cervical trauma who present with neurological deficit at hospital admission should receive special attention, since the rate of postoperative complications is higher and hospital stays are lengthier in this group. In addition, patients with Frankel A and B classification should be monitored in an intensive care unit. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504617.v1
title: TRAUMATIC INJURIES OF THE CERVICAL SPINE: CURRENT EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PANORAMA

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To collect data from patients with cervical fracture who were treated surgically in a tertiary health service, in order to better understand the current scenario of this kind of injury in our population. Methods: This retrospective survey examined consecutive cases of patients with cervical spine trauma who received surgical treatment during 2013 and 2014. The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Results: Fifty-two patients were treated with surgery during 2013 and 2014. All patients classified as Frankel A and B developed respiratory failure. Patients classified as Frankel A, B, and C had significantly higher rates for postoperative complications (p &lt; 0.01) than patients classified as Frankel D and E, except for the rate of postoperative infections (p = 0.717). Hospitalization time was also longer in the first group (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusion: Patients with cervical trauma who present with neurological deficit at hospital admission should receive special attention, since the rate of postoperative complications is higher and hospital stays are lengthier in this group. In addition, patients with Frankel A and B classification should be monitored in an intensive care unit. Level of Evidence III; Retrospective comparative study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504611
title: PREPARATION, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROLLED RELEASE OF GALACTOMANNAN MICROPARTICLES CONTAINING ALLANTOIN

description: In this work, the allantoin was encapsulated with galactomannan extruded from Delonyx regia, by the spray drying technique. The microparticles obtained were structurally characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the controlled release profile was evaluated. The results of IR suggested the formation of the polymeric wall of the microcapsules and SEM revealed spherical particles with an average size range of 2.84 ± 0.41 µm. X-ray diffraction showed the loss of crystallinity of the active after encapsulation and differential explanatory calorimetry exhibited the loss of its peak melt. The encapsulation efficiency for the microparticles was approximately 84% for the different environmental conditions. The coating of allantoin with the biopolymer promoted a gradual release of the drug over a period of 6 hours and these results are in accordance with the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. The set of results obtained in this work is relevant and accredits the system developed as a possible alternative for the formation of encapsulated natural drugs destined to possible treatments of cutaneous cellular regeneration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504611.v1
title: PREPARATION, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROLLED RELEASE OF GALACTOMANNAN MICROPARTICLES CONTAINING ALLANTOIN

description: In this work, the allantoin was encapsulated with galactomannan extruded from Delonyx regia, by the spray drying technique. The microparticles obtained were structurally characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the controlled release profile was evaluated. The results of IR suggested the formation of the polymeric wall of the microcapsules and SEM revealed spherical particles with an average size range of 2.84 ± 0.41 µm. X-ray diffraction showed the loss of crystallinity of the active after encapsulation and differential explanatory calorimetry exhibited the loss of its peak melt. The encapsulation efficiency for the microparticles was approximately 84% for the different environmental conditions. The coating of allantoin with the biopolymer promoted a gradual release of the drug over a period of 6 hours and these results are in accordance with the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia. The set of results obtained in this work is relevant and accredits the system developed as a possible alternative for the formation of encapsulated natural drugs destined to possible treatments of cutaneous cellular regeneration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504596
title: Occurrence of Capillaria sp. in the liver of sheep (Ovis aries ) in a slaughterhouse in the state of Acre, Brazil

description: Abstract Although sheep farming has grown in the state of Acre over the past four decades, little is known about occurrences of helminthiases in the herds of this region. The objective of the study was to assess the occurrences of non-intestinal helminthiasis among sheep slaughtered in Rio Branco. A total of 110 sheep livers were inspected from two slaughter batches (july 2014 and march 2015) in a slaughterhouse in Rio Branco. Livers with macroscopic lesions were photographed and were then subjected to histopathological analysis under an optical microscope. The macroscopic lesions showed small nodes with inflammatory characteristics and areas of fibrosis, which appeared to be calcified, thus suggesting a granulomatous reaction. Of the 110 evaluated livers, we noticed 110 nodules in total; these nodules have an average size of 0.5 cm. The histopathological analysis showed alterations to the architecture of the hepatic lobe, with multiple foci of necrosis and polymorphonuclear cells. Two samples revealed the presence of helminths from Nematode class and Capillaria sp. eggs identified by the typical morphology and morphometry. This seems to be the first report of Capillaria sp. in sheep livers in Brazil, and it serves as an important alert regarding animal health surveillance and control and regarding the Capillaria sp. zoonotic role in humans.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504596.v1
title: Occurrence of Capillaria sp. in the liver of sheep (Ovis aries ) in a slaughterhouse in the state of Acre, Brazil

description: Abstract Although sheep farming has grown in the state of Acre over the past four decades, little is known about occurrences of helminthiases in the herds of this region. The objective of the study was to assess the occurrences of non-intestinal helminthiasis among sheep slaughtered in Rio Branco. A total of 110 sheep livers were inspected from two slaughter batches (july 2014 and march 2015) in a slaughterhouse in Rio Branco. Livers with macroscopic lesions were photographed and were then subjected to histopathological analysis under an optical microscope. The macroscopic lesions showed small nodes with inflammatory characteristics and areas of fibrosis, which appeared to be calcified, thus suggesting a granulomatous reaction. Of the 110 evaluated livers, we noticed 110 nodules in total; these nodules have an average size of 0.5 cm. The histopathological analysis showed alterations to the architecture of the hepatic lobe, with multiple foci of necrosis and polymorphonuclear cells. Two samples revealed the presence of helminths from Nematode class and Capillaria sp. eggs identified by the typical morphology and morphometry. This seems to be the first report of Capillaria sp. in sheep livers in Brazil, and it serves as an important alert regarding animal health surveillance and control and regarding the Capillaria sp. zoonotic role in humans.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504590
title: Valine in diets for Nile tilapia

description: ABSTRACT This study verified the effect of valine on the zootechnical performance, percentage composition and growth of skeletal muscle fibre in fingerlings of Nile tilapia. A total of 270 fish (average initial weight 1.57 ± 0.05 g and total initial length 4.16 ± 0.46 cm) were used, distributed in 18 tanks (250 litres), in a completely randomised design with six treatments and three replications. Six diets (26.81% DP and 3200.00 kcal DE) were formulated with increasing levels of valine (0.82, 0.86, 0.98, 1.04, 1.10 and 1.26% of the diet). The zootechnical performance, percentage composition of the fish, and muscle-fibre distribution were evaluated. There was no effect from the different levels of valine (P&gt;0.05) on zootechnical performance, percentage composition or the frequency distribution of muscle fibre. The addition of 0.82% valine (2.65% crude protein valine) is recommended in the diet of Nile tilapia fingerlings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504590.v1
title: Valine in diets for Nile tilapia

description: ABSTRACT This study verified the effect of valine on the zootechnical performance, percentage composition and growth of skeletal muscle fibre in fingerlings of Nile tilapia. A total of 270 fish (average initial weight 1.57 ± 0.05 g and total initial length 4.16 ± 0.46 cm) were used, distributed in 18 tanks (250 litres), in a completely randomised design with six treatments and three replications. Six diets (26.81% DP and 3200.00 kcal DE) were formulated with increasing levels of valine (0.82, 0.86, 0.98, 1.04, 1.10 and 1.26% of the diet). The zootechnical performance, percentage composition of the fish, and muscle-fibre distribution were evaluated. There was no effect from the different levels of valine (P&gt;0.05) on zootechnical performance, percentage composition or the frequency distribution of muscle fibre. The addition of 0.82% valine (2.65% crude protein valine) is recommended in the diet of Nile tilapia fingerlings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504587
title: Occurrences of Ornithocoris toledoi (Cimicidae) on a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

description: Abstract Ornithocoris toledoi is a hematophagous insect that parasites birds, particularly, galliformes. Although the occurrence of this arthropod is relatively low in Brazil, this is an important ectoparasite associated with backyarding poultry. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of O. toledoi in a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including aspects of its taxonomic identification, biology and epidemiology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504584
title: Anthelmintic effect of Cassia fistula and Combretum leprosum protein fractions against goat gastrointestinal nematodes

description: Abstract In this study, we evaluated the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of protein preparations obtained from Cassia fistula L. and Combretum leprosum Mart. leaves on the gastrointestinal parasites of goats. Protein preparations were obtained after the extraction of C. fistula L. and C. leprosum Mart. leaves, followed by protein fractionation (with ammonium sulfate saturation percentages of 30%, 30%-60%, and 60%-90%) and dialysis, which resulted in protein fractions (called F1, F2, and F3, respectively). The fractions were evaluated by egg hatching (the eggs were recovered in stool samples from naturally infected goats) and larval development tests. The results reveled that the inhibition of hatching of eggs caused by the protein fractions of C. fistula (38%) were similar to that of the control drug, thiabendazole. In addition, the fractions of C. fistula caused significant inhibition (61-69%) of larval development also. However, C. leprosum did not reveal significant inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. We conclude that C. fistula L. showed better ovicidal and larvicidal activity against endoparasites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504587.v1
title: Occurrences of Ornithocoris toledoi (Cimicidae) on a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

description: Abstract Ornithocoris toledoi is a hematophagous insect that parasites birds, particularly, galliformes. Although the occurrence of this arthropod is relatively low in Brazil, this is an important ectoparasite associated with backyarding poultry. The objective of this study was to report the occurrence of O. toledoi in a free-range chicken farm in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, including aspects of its taxonomic identification, biology and epidemiology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504584.v1
title: Anthelmintic effect of Cassia fistula and Combretum leprosum protein fractions against goat gastrointestinal nematodes

description: Abstract In this study, we evaluated the ovicidal and larvicidal activity of protein preparations obtained from Cassia fistula L. and Combretum leprosum Mart. leaves on the gastrointestinal parasites of goats. Protein preparations were obtained after the extraction of C. fistula L. and C. leprosum Mart. leaves, followed by protein fractionation (with ammonium sulfate saturation percentages of 30%, 30%-60%, and 60%-90%) and dialysis, which resulted in protein fractions (called F1, F2, and F3, respectively). The fractions were evaluated by egg hatching (the eggs were recovered in stool samples from naturally infected goats) and larval development tests. The results reveled that the inhibition of hatching of eggs caused by the protein fractions of C. fistula (38%) were similar to that of the control drug, thiabendazole. In addition, the fractions of C. fistula caused significant inhibition (61-69%) of larval development also. However, C. leprosum did not reveal significant inhibition of egg hatching and larval development. We conclude that C. fistula L. showed better ovicidal and larvicidal activity against endoparasites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504578
title: Prediction of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear yield by morphological characters and artificial neural networks

description: ABSTRACT Estimating cactus pear yield is important for the planning of small and medium rural producers, especially in environments with adverse climatic conditions, such as the Brazilian semi-arid region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of artificial neural networks (ANN) for predicting yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear, and determine the most important morphological characters for this prediction. The experiment was conducted in the Instituto Federal Baiano, Guanambi campus, Bahia, Brazil, in 2009 to 2011. The area used is located at 14° 13’ 30” S and 42° 46’ 53” W, and its altitude is 525 m. Six vegetative agronomic characters were evaluated in 500 plants in the third production cycle. The data were subjected to ANN analysis using the R software. Ten network architectures were trained 100 times to select the one with the lowest mean square error for the validation data. The networks with five neurons in the middle layer presented the best results. Neural networks with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.87 were adjusted for sample validation, assuring the generalization potential of the model. The morphological characters with the highest relative contribution to yield estimate were total cladode area, plant height, cladode thickness and cladode length, but all characters were important for predicting the cactus pear yield. Therefore, predicting the production of cactus pear with high precision using ANN and morphological characters is possible.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504578.v1
title: Prediction of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear yield by morphological characters and artificial neural networks

description: ABSTRACT Estimating cactus pear yield is important for the planning of small and medium rural producers, especially in environments with adverse climatic conditions, such as the Brazilian semi-arid region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of artificial neural networks (ANN) for predicting yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear, and determine the most important morphological characters for this prediction. The experiment was conducted in the Instituto Federal Baiano, Guanambi campus, Bahia, Brazil, in 2009 to 2011. The area used is located at 14° 13’ 30” S and 42° 46’ 53” W, and its altitude is 525 m. Six vegetative agronomic characters were evaluated in 500 plants in the third production cycle. The data were subjected to ANN analysis using the R software. Ten network architectures were trained 100 times to select the one with the lowest mean square error for the validation data. The networks with five neurons in the middle layer presented the best results. Neural networks with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.87 were adjusted for sample validation, assuring the generalization potential of the model. The morphological characters with the highest relative contribution to yield estimate were total cladode area, plant height, cladode thickness and cladode length, but all characters were important for predicting the cactus pear yield. Therefore, predicting the production of cactus pear with high precision using ANN and morphological characters is possible.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504575
title: Controlling factors of ‘Caatinga’ and sugarcane evapotranspiration in the Sub-middle São Francisco Valley

description: ABSTRACT In the Sub-middle São Francisco Valley, the main controlling factors of ‘Caatinga’ and irrigated sugarcane ETr were investigated in this study. Between 2015 and 2016, environmental variables were measured by sensors coupled to two micrometeorological towers, one in the preserved ‘Caatinga’ and the other in an irrigated sugarcane crop. Soil moisture and vegetation cover index were also evaluated and biometric data were obtained only in the sugarcane. Actual evapotranspiration was determined based on the latent heat flux, by the energy balance method. Therefore, the ratio between actual and reference evapotranspiration was calculated. Response variables were formed by the actual evapotranspiration and by its ratio with the reference evapotranspiration. Explanatory variables included growth and environmental data. Multicollinearity, canonical and track analyses were applied. It was verified that only the environmental variables exhibited correlation with the actual evapotranspiration and its ratio with the reference evapotranspiration. In the ‘Caatinga’, soil moisture directly and indirectly influenced ETr, as the global solar radiation altered the response of actual evapotranspiration to the atmospheric demand. In sugarcane, ETr was directly and indirectly controlled by the intercepted photosynthetically active radiation and soil temperature, and the latter one also affected the ratio between actual and reference evapotranspiration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504575.v1
title: Controlling factors of ‘Caatinga’ and sugarcane evapotranspiration in the Sub-middle São Francisco Valley

description: ABSTRACT In the Sub-middle São Francisco Valley, the main controlling factors of ‘Caatinga’ and irrigated sugarcane ETr were investigated in this study. Between 2015 and 2016, environmental variables were measured by sensors coupled to two micrometeorological towers, one in the preserved ‘Caatinga’ and the other in an irrigated sugarcane crop. Soil moisture and vegetation cover index were also evaluated and biometric data were obtained only in the sugarcane. Actual evapotranspiration was determined based on the latent heat flux, by the energy balance method. Therefore, the ratio between actual and reference evapotranspiration was calculated. Response variables were formed by the actual evapotranspiration and by its ratio with the reference evapotranspiration. Explanatory variables included growth and environmental data. Multicollinearity, canonical and track analyses were applied. It was verified that only the environmental variables exhibited correlation with the actual evapotranspiration and its ratio with the reference evapotranspiration. In the ‘Caatinga’, soil moisture directly and indirectly influenced ETr, as the global solar radiation altered the response of actual evapotranspiration to the atmospheric demand. In sugarcane, ETr was directly and indirectly controlled by the intercepted photosynthetically active radiation and soil temperature, and the latter one also affected the ratio between actual and reference evapotranspiration.