DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g25cm28
title: Data from: Effect of epistasis and environment on flowering time of barley reveals novel flowering-delaying QTL allele

description: Flowering time is a complex trait and has key role in crop yield and
 adaptation to environmental stressors such as heat and drought. The aim of
 this study was to better understand interconnected dynamic of epistasis
 and environment and look for novel regulators. For this purpose we
 investigated 534 spring barley MAGIC DH lines for flowering time at
 various environments. Analysis of QTL, epistatic interaction, QTL ×
 environment (Q×E) and epistasis × environment (E×E) interactions were
 performed with single SNP and haplotype approaches. In total, 18 QTL and
 2,420 epistatic interactions were detected including intervals harboring
 major genes such as Ppd-H1, Vrn-H1, Vrn-H3 and denso/swd1. Epistatic
 interactions found in field and semi-controlled conditions were
 distinctive. Q×E and E×E interactions revealed that temperature influenced
 flowering time by triggering different interactions between known and
 newly-detected regulators. A novel flowering-delaying QTL allele could be
 identified on chromosome 1H (named “HvHeading”) that was shown to be
 engaged in epistatic and environment interactions. Results suggest that
 investigating epistasis, environment and their interactions, rather than
 only single QTL is an effective approach for detecting novel regulators.
 We assume that barley can adapt the time of flowering to the environment
 through alternative routes within the pathway.
description: Dataset
 S1Phenotypic data for days
 to heading (four years) using MAGIC DH linesDataset
 S2Growth degree day (GDD)
 during 100 days after sowing (2011, 2012, 2016 and
 2017)Dataset
 S3Genotyping data by
 barley 9k iSelect SNP array using MAGIC DH linesMethods
 S1SAS
 script and sample data for haplotype construction by K means clustering
 methodMethods
 S2SAS
 script for QTL and epistasis mapping process as well as environment
 interaction analysis including implementation of FDR and cross-validation
 proceduresSupplementary Tables
 S1-S14Table S1 Analysis of
 variance for 534 MAGIC DH lines Table S2 Descriptive statistics for growth
 degree day (GDD) during 100 days after sowing Table S3 Epistatic
 interactions by single SNP approach under field condition Table S4
 Epistatic interactions by haplotype approach under field condition Table
 S5 Epistatic interactions by single SNP approach under foil tunnel
 condition Table S6 Epistatic interactions by haplotype approach under foil
 tunnel condition Table S7 QTL × Environment interactions by single SNP
 approach under foil tunnel condition Table S8 QTL × Environment
 interactions by haplotype approach under foil tunnel condition Table S9
 QTL × Environment interactions by single SNP approach for four years
 (field and foil tunnel conditions) Table S10 QTL × Environment
 interactions by haplotype approach for four years (field and foil tunnel
 conditions) Table S11 Epistasis × Environment interactions by single SNP
 approach under field condition Table S12 Epistasis × Environment
 interactions by single SNP approach under foil tunnel condition Table S13
 Epistasis × Environment interactions by single SNP approach for four years
 Table S14 Epistasis × Environment interactions that engaged peak marker
 for HvHeading (BOPA1_1016_376) by single SNP approach for four
 years