cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1710265
title: Origin of the magnetism in heavily electron-doped iron-selenide superconductor

description: Elucidating the nature of magnetism in a high temperature superconductor is important. Our previous neutron measurements at low temperature revealed a resonance mode at Q = (pi, 0.62*pi) in heavily electron doped FeSe superconductor Li0.8Fe0.2ODFeSe (Tc = 41 K), which is different from that in FeAs superconductors. Most notably, we show that the spin excitations disperse outward at low energies and then inward at higher energies which is quite unique as well. These results suggest that the spin excitations might have different origins here which will lead to different temperature dependence. Very recently, our neutron scattering experiment on a triple axis spectrometer showed that the low energy spin excitation dispersion is indeed highly temperature dependent. Here we propose to measure the temperature dependence of high energy spin excitations from 50 K to 300 K in Li0.8Fe0.2ODFeSe.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1710295
title: In Situ Measurement of the Spin Seebeck Effect in Multilayers

description: The spin Seebeck effect is a newly discovered phenomenon that if harnessed, could result in a significant improvement of the efficiency of thermoelectric energy generators. Spin polarised neutron reflectivity will provide us with complementary measurements that enable determination of the spin polarisation of the film as well as surface sensitive magnetic ordering and disorder at the interface. This is especially important as the influence of the interface (i.e. the magnetic proximity effect) is still not well understood. We propose using PNR in conjunction with a sample environment developed by Jos Cooper in order to investigate the magnetic structure (as a function of depth), whilst measuring the generated spin Seebeck voltage for multilayer samples.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1710321
title: Investigating the speciation of hydrocarbonaceous deposits formed during oxidative dehydrogenation of propane

description: Natural gas comprising mainly methane, ethane and propane is widely used as a raw material for different petrochemical applications. For example, polyethylene and poly-propylene are produced from ethane and propane, respectively. In this case, these alkanes (ethane and propane) are dehydrogenated over a catalyst that selectively promotes the reaction to alkenes (ethene and propene) which are building blocks for polyalkenes. However, this catalytic process suffers from efficiency due to catalyst deactivation and selectivity issues, thus, it yields undesired side products such as CO2 or coke. We aim to improve this catalytic process by better understanding the surface reaction mechanism and catalyst structure-activity relationships using neutrons at ISIS.  This proposal aims to characterise the surface deposits on the catalysts, during ODH and for a deactivated catalyst using TOSCA.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1710440
title: Phase diagram of LAS molecule: SANS investigation into surfactant and lipid mixtures as a function of temperature and in the presence of div

description: This proposal would like SANS time to better understand the LAS phase diagram. This has been prompted by recent experiments which show the system is not fully understood under certain conditions.The keys issues I would like to address are: the temperature at which the phase of the LAS system starts to change; the exact ratio of SLES and C12E8, as co surfactants, which change the phase of the LAS system; the influence of Rhamnolipids on the LAS system, including effects of temperature and electrolyte effects on the system.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1720365
title: Crystal structure analysis of new hyperkagome iridates

description: The interplay between electron correlation and spin-orbit coupling gives rise to a variety of exotic electronic states in 5d transition-metal oxides like iridates. One example is hyperkagome iridate Na4Ir3O8 which is known to be a candidate for a 3-dimensional quantum spin liquid. Recently, Na4Ir3O8 was reported to show spin frozen state, instead of spin liquid state. It is not clear yet if the spin frozen state is intrinsic or induced by disordering inherent in Na4Ir3O8. Also the nature of magnetic coupling in Na4Ir3O8 is not fully understood yet. In order to address these issues, we synthesized new hyperkagome iridates tentatively denoted as Zn2Ir3O8 and Li3Ir3O8 by ion-exchange reactions. Their crystal structures are not fully solved because of dominant scattering of Ir atoms in x-ray diffraction. We propose to analyze the crystal structures of new hyperkagome iridates at HRPD, ISIS.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1720394
title: Unravelling the Interplay between Octahedral Distortions and High-Tc Superconductivity in Perovskite Bismuthates

description: We propose elastic neutron powder diffraction experiments on perovkite bismuthates (Ca,K)BiO3. Known as one of the earliest high-Tc oxide superconductors, bismuthates have provided a model system for studying novel superconductivity intertwined with a lattice structure. Recently, we have synthesized (Ca,K)BiO3 for the first time, and found that superconducting Tc was remarkably decreased (~8 K) compared to the sister compounds (Ba,K)BiO3 (34 K) and (Sr,K)BiO3 (13 K). High-resolution diffraction experiments at HRPD will enable us to precisely determine the crystal structure of (Ca,K)BiO3, in which large octahedral tilt distortions are expected due to the smaller Ca ions. Our results will be useful to understand the origin of superconductivity and its link to structural distortions among the bismuthate families, and can be applied to a design principle for new oxide superconductors.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1720464
title: Determination of the Field Induce Magnetic Structure of Erbium Tetraboride

description: We propose to investigate the field induced behaviour of ErB4 using WISH. ErB4 is an example of experimental realisation of the Shastry-Sutherland lattice, a frustrated lattice that has an exact ground state solution. Competition between the magnetic and quadrupolar interaction is believed to be crucial in establishing a ground state, leading to fractional magnetisation plateaux and complex phase diagrams. Our recent diffraction experiments on other two members of the family, HoB4 and NdB4 have shown that surprisingly the field evolution of the magnetic structures in these compounds (corresponding to 1/3 and 1/5 magnetisation plateaux) involves rearrangements of the magnetic moments in the neighbouring planes. We aim to  establish the magnetic structure of ErB4 in fields corresponding to the 1/2 magnetisation plateau. We have grown and characterised large single crystal samples of ErB4.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1800064
title: The MeV neutron response of the organic plastic scintillator, EJ299-33

description: A considerable number of high energy secondary neutrons are generated in the treatment nozzle and human body during proton therapy. These neutrons have a high biological effectiveness, which may result in a noticeable dose contribution outside the target volume and, hence, an increased risk of secondary cancer induction. Thus, secondary neutrons generated in proton therapy is worth studying. Our works aim to develop a usable detector for high energy neutrons generated during proton therapy. An organic scintillator, EJ 299-33, is devised for neutron detection via Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) technique. This could detect the MeV neutrons in real time without the safety hazards associated with liquid scintillators. ChipIR beamline is selected for the measurement as it could provide neutrons up to 100 MeV. The scintillator is exposed to different neutron energies with the use of shutter.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1800078
title: NTC 2018 Proposal Example 8

description: Please Ignore. This is just for setting up ERA's ready for the Neutron Training Course
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1800085
title: NTC 2018 Proposal Example 15

description: Please Ignore. This is just for setting up ERA's ready for the Neutron Training Course
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1800087
title: Radiation resistance of solar sintered regolith for space applications

description: The establishment of a permanent base on the lunar surface will require the construction of roads and habitats that need shielding from meteoroids and space radiation. In-Situ Resource Utilisation (ISRU), in which the construction is done using materials on the moon, would be a solution to reduce materials launcher limitations, cost, and the risk of realising a moon base. In this context, an ESA-GSTP project started in 2015, in partnership with DLR-Cologne, with the objective to turn lunar regolith simulant into solid construction blocks by additive manufacturing. Using the unique solar oven of DLR, a solar sintering process was designed to form building blocks without the use of any binder. This proposal requests beam time on the CHIP-IR facility within ISIS to determine the radiation shielding efficiency of different lunar simulants, sintered with different process parameters.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1810214
title: High resolution neutron powder diffraction on Ni-Mn-Sn based shape memory alloy showing multiple phase transitions

description: The composition Ni2.04Mn1.4Sn0.56 belongs to the group of metamagnetic shape memory alloys and it shows multiple magnetic phases as a function of temperature. In a recent muon spin rotation experiment on EMU at ISIS, these multiple magnetic transitions are beautifully depicted and it clears out some of the doubts regarding the nature of different magnetic phases. The sample shows paramagnetic behavior between two ferromagnetic phases and has a spin glass like ground state. It is quite essential that one should corroborate the nature of these multiple magnetic phases using complementary technique of powder neutron diffraction. Our main aim is to study the magnetic structure of the alloy at different temperatures (between 10 and 350 K) on WISH time of flight diffractometer.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1810371
title: Investigating the diffusion of liquids within the MFI zeolite ZSM-5

description: The properties of liquids confined in zeolites will be studied by quasi-elastic neutron scattering. Alongside the data previously acquired using quasi-elastic neutron scattering of the pure liquids, this experiment will provide vital diffusion data on the restricted movements of the sorbates. This study is complementary to ongoing total neutron scattering experiments studying liquids confined in catalysts and catalytic supports, which aims to deepen the understanding of liquid phase heterogeneous catalysis.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1810505
title: Quantitative measurement of muonium photochemical reaction kinetics of TIPS-Pn in DCM

description: Our first completed photo-musr experiment on 6,13-bis(tri-iso propylsilylethynyl) pentacene (TIPS-Pn) has recently been accepted for publication. We observed a significant light-induced change in amplitude of one of the ALC resonances. The timescale of this light-induced change corresponds to two known transient species. We have interpreted this as a modification of the chemical reactivity of the molecule and Mu as a result of the excitation. However, all of our results to date are qualitative. We have thus far only been able to show that there is an increase in the muonium reaction rate as a result of the excitation, but we have been unable to say how large the increase is. Given that the reaction should be diffusion limited, and that we need to estimate the reactivity of each adduct independently, we plan to perform is a concentration dependent measurement of ALC amplitude.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1820135
title: Neutron Reflection Studies on Adsorption of Lauroyl-L-Carnitine (C12-L-Canitine) at the SiO2/water Interface

description: Acyl L-Carnitines are a group of novel surfactants with attractive physical and biological properties associated with their head group charge features. This work proposes to use neutron reflection as the unique technique to determine the thickness and composition of surfactant adsorbed layers at the solid/water interface. Because silica is the model substrate that has been widely used for studying protein adsorption, it has been chosen here, also due to its mimicry to glass widely used as containers for therapeutic proteins. Because the head group has special charge responses to pH, it will be of interest to examine how the adsorbed layer structure changes with pH and ionic strength. We request 3 days of Inter (or 4 days of Surf)  beam time to complete the proposed measurements.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1820203
title: Measuring elemental macro-segregation in additively manufactured Nb-Si-Ti components

description: This study aim to develop a new materials which can replace the current alloys used in jet turbine engines. The materials can work at extreme high temperature to increases the efficiency of aero-engine. There are issues in manufacturing these new materials and we will examine one of the most important phenomena, macrosegregation, during additive manufacturing (so-called 3D printing) of the new materials. We will muon beams to measure the elemental distribution in manufactured components. The output of this experiment will provide detailed information about elemental macro-segregation to optimise the 3D printing process. The development of the extreme high temperature Nb-Si-Ti alloys will have a huge potential impact on the aerospace and energy generation sectors.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1820248
title: Deformation mechanism of a bulk metallic glass composite at cryogenic temperatures

description: Suffering brittleness in ambient temperature, the application of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is limited. To overcome that, bulk metallic glass composites (BMGCs) were manufactured by in-situ introducing bcc B2 phases into the glassy matrix, which have been demonstrated appreciable ductility combined with strong work-hardening behaviors at room temperature. Furthermore, several previous studies have verified that high strength and plasticity can be simultaneously achieved for BMGCs at cryogenic temperatures. However, the intrinsic deformation mechanism of BMGCs at cryogenic temperatures has not been revealed in details. In this proposed work, it is expected that the results obtained from these in-situ low temperature neutron diffraction experiments will offer more insights into the effects of cryogenic temperatures on the structural evolution and mechanical performance of BMGCs.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1820360
title: Structural characterization of cellulose-based nanocomposites

description: Cellulose, known as a fascinating biopolymer and a never ending-source of new sustainable materials, is attracting increasing attention in different fields owing to its abundance, biodegradability, unique physico-chemical properties, broad chemical modifying capacity, and formation of versatile semicrystalline (nano)morphologies. Recent publications address the use of vegetable cellulose and bacterial cellulose in combination with several other polymers to build cellulose-based functional materials. The applications of such materials range from wound healing and drug delivery to food packaging and fuel cells. Further development of these projects will profit from the deeper understanding the structure-properties relationships  a task which our team has embraced and for which INS provides a unique view.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1820480
title: Zwitterionic Polymers for Lipid Nanodisc Stabilisation

description: Polymer stabilized lipid nanodiscs offer enormous potential as tools for enabling membrane protein structural studies & biophysics. Previously we studied discs formed using a poly(styrene-alt-maleic acid) (PSMA) copolymer, and also with a commercial poly(styrene-alt-maleimide). However these polymers can be used only over limited pH ranges, as they precipitate when their charge is neutralised. To overcome this we have devised a simple modification of the hydrolysis procedure which produces a zwitterionic version of the copolymer from the same initial poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride). The modification can be done to either the widely used commercial polymers, or our controlled Mw copolymers from RAFT polymerisations. Here we wish to measure particles formed using zwitterionic copolymers with DMPC to confirm that they are nanodiscs and to compare to those formed using the acid copolymers
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1820580
title: PT-phase diagram of ammonium bromide

description: Ammonium bromide is a fundamental ionic solid that finds practical use, industrially, as a highly-effective flame retardant and also as an intermediary source of bromide in pharmaceutical preparations. It is reported to possess six solid phases, under non-ambient pressures and temperatures, and these can be divided into three groups  those that show i) ferro-type (F) ordering of the NH4+ cation, ii) anti-ferro-type (AF) ordering or, iii) disorder, where the molecules tumble in a plastic phase. Almost no work has been carried out on exploring the wider phase diagram as a function of simultaneous non-ambient pressure and temperature. We aim to identify the location of pressure-temperature phase boundaries - literature studies predict an AF --&gt; F --&gt; AF ordering sequence at low temperature, with increasing pressure, and we will seek to determine if this re-emergent AF behaviour exists.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1900048
title: ChipIR:  Characterization of soft errors for the 7-nm FinFET technology node for thermal neutron exposures

description: In addition to fast-neutron- and alpha particles, use of B10 in the fabrication process has resulted in high sensitivity to thermal neutrons for ICs fabricated at advanced technology nodes..  For the planar technologies, IC manufacturers had eliminated the use of B10 from the fabrication process.  But with the introduction of FinFET technologies, IC manufacturers have reintroduced B10 in the fabrication process. Experiments at several facilities by different researchers have shown increased vulnerability to thermal neutrons for FinFET technologies. For FinFET technology, that contribution has increased to about 20%.  In this project, we propose to measure the sensitivity of flip-flop cells fabricated at the 7-nm FinFET technology node to thermal neutrons.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1620116
title: The phase stability of alpha-glycine at high pressure

description: Though the beta and gamma forms of the simplest amino acid, glycine, yield a variety of different phases on application of pressure, Raman data suggest that the most common alpha form of glycine persists to 20 GPa.  In this experiment neutron powder diffraction data will be collected to 19 GPa, the anvil limit currently available on the PEARL instrument. This will be one of the highest pressure yet applied to an organic crystal structure. The results will enable the spectroscopic results to be tested, and provide data suitable for determination of the equation of state of alpha glycine. This will permit mechanical properties of alpha glycine to be compared to those of other phases, and the differences in phase behaviour understood in terms of the differing packing motifs which characterise their crystal structures.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1620163
title: Structure and conformation of thermo-responsive nanogels at air/water interface  concentration and temperature effect

description: Soft polymeric nanoparticles possess many interesting properties. Those based on N-isopropylacrylamide are surface active and respond to changes in temperature. This give rise to many applications, e.g. in nanomedicine, catalysis, sensing devices and as an emulsion stabilisers. However, to be able to fully use potential of such nanogels it is necessary to understand their behaviour and structure. Here we want to investigate how both concentration and temperature are influencing nanogel conformation at the air/water interface.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1620371
title: Li-diffusion dynamics in high voltage fluoride-containing cathodes

description: Research on positive insertion electrodes for high performance batteries has seen immense interest in fluoride containing compounds, since higher operating potentials can be achieved leading to important potent applications in high energy density demanding technologies.  Unclear up to now are the Li-diffusion mechanisms ongoing in this class of materials and we propose the use of muons to locally probe the Li diffusion dynamics. We are particularly interested in determining if the presence of these fluoride ions in the structure positively influences the Li-diffusion mechanism.  We will study a series of fluoride containing electrodes with increasing operating potentials to systematically probe this phenomenon. The results obtained will open up a new field of study, namely the evaluation of fluoride-containing compounds as energy storage electrodes.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1620385
title: Increasing Drug Solubilisation:  Matching Drug Structure with Surfactant Hydrophobe

description: It is estimated that &gt; 40% of new drug molecules are poorly water soluble. Although there are many options for improving aqueous solubility, few if any, achieve the required level of solubility. For many reasons, solubilisation in nonionic surfactant micelles is a favoured means of increasing apparent aqueous solubility. Recently our group has found that significant increases in drug solubilisation can be achieved by matching' the hydrophobe of the surfactant to the drug structure. In particular, we found that the drug, ibuprofen, is solubilised extremely well in micelles formed by the nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100, which has a hydrophobe which closely matches the structure of ibuprofen. The aim of the proposed SANS study is to understand the nature of the incorporation of the drug ibuprofen into Triton X-100 micelles in order to aid our rational design of new, improved surfactants.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1620391
title: Crystal structure analysis of new hyperhoneycomb iridate beta-H2IrO3

description: The realization of a spin liquid is a long-sought dream in condensed matter physics. The theoretical predication for Kitaev spin liquid in honeycomb iridates triggered tremendous interests. We discovered a new platform for Kitaev physics, beta-Li2IrO3 with a 3D analogue of honeycomb lattice dubbed hyperhoneycomb lattice. beta-Li2IrO3 in fact undergoes a magnetic ordering. Interestingly, an application of pressure drastically changes the magnetic properties of beta-Li2IrO3, indicating that its magnetic ground state is sensitive to lattice distortion. We therefore synthesized a new hyperhoneycomb iridate beta-H2IrO3 by an ion-exchange reaction to tune the lattice distortion. The magnetism of beta-H2IrO3 looks quite different from beta-Li2IrO3, but the details of structure are unknown. We plan to analyse such details with high resolution powder neutron diffraction measurements at HRPD.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1700013
title: Contrast-matching experiments to quantify pore connectivity in dolomites

description: Geologists are increasingly realizing the unique perspective that neutron scattering offersforunlocking the complex geologic histories of rocks. In this study, we propose to answerthequestions: What controls the formation and evolution of sub-micrometer porosity withincarbonatereservoirs? and Which of these pores are physically accessible to reservoir fluids (i.e.,water or hydrocarbons)? We will combine contrast-matching SANS to assess the sub-micrometerpore size distribution within carbonate reservoir sample and describe which of these pores areaccessible to contrast-matched fluids. From these results, we will begin to develop acategorization of where sub-micrometer porosity will exist within carbonate reservoirs, and therebygain a better understanding of the utility of particular formations for various uses.