cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/ecd04881-fd86-45e2-99e1-f0ec61324329
title: Impacts of Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) on seed dispersal services in Jonkershoek, Cape Floristic Region South Africa

description: This dataset describes the seed dispersal process of both invaded (presence of Linepithema humile) and non-invaded (absence of L. humile) ant communities. Data were collected from Jonkershoek Nature Reserve (33°55'51"S, 18°51'16"E) in South Africa, during the summer months of 2014 (November-December), 2015 (January-February), and 2017 (January-February).

 - Experiment 1: Ant community structure of both invaded and non-invaded ant communities was determined using a series of pitfall and baiting traps.
 - Experiment 2: Ant communities were presented with seeds (from twelve plant species) via a cafeteria setup and the rate of removal was measured over three hours.
 - Experiment 3: Seeds were presented to nests of both the invasive L. humile and six native ant species, after 24 hours nests were cast with dental plaster and excavated. The seeds were retrieved, and their burial depths were recorded. 

Data were collected from all three experiments to test hypothesis about the dispersal ability of the dominant seed dispersing ant species in both invaded and non-invaded ant communities.

Funding was received from a NERC-Case studentship (NE/K007076/1) and Varley-Gradwell Travelling Fellowship.
description: Data was collected on the impacts of Linepithema humile on both ant community structure and seed dispersal ability. All data was collected in a systematic manner using a series of three independent experiments. Details of the experimental methodologies can be found in the supporting documentation, and online through the Bristol thesis repository.
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/13721553
title: Peer-to-Peer Boliviano (BOB) Exchange Data
DOI: 10.5285/102f8141-2a9a-4ffd-89f6-961af36ddcb3
title: Concentrations of antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater and receiving waters following water treatment in SW England, June-October, 2015

description: Prevalence of quinolone qnrS resistance gene in the aquatic environment from the Avon river catchment area receiving treated wastewater from 5 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), serving 1.5 million people and accounting for 75% of inhabitants living in the catchment area in the South West of England.

Funded by NERC Grant NE/N019261/1
description: Wastewater influent and effluent were collected for 7 consecutive days running from Wednesday to Tuesday between June and October 2015 from five major WWTPs contributing to one river catchment in the South-West UK.

Measurements of qnrS gene quantification using made using dPCR (Digital PCR). See supporting documentation for further details.
DOI: 10.5285/7055965b-7fe5-442b-902d-63193cbe001c
title: Model estimates of topsoil nutrients [Countryside Survey]

description: Topsoil nutrient data - total nitrogen (N) concentration (%), C:N ratio and Olsen-Phosphorus (mg/kg). Data is representative of 0 - 15 cm soil depth. Cores from 256 1km x 1km squares across Great Britain were analysed in 2007. For total N concentration (and therefore C:N ratio), a total of 1024 cores were analysed, and for Olsen-P, a total of 1054 cores were analysed. See Emmett et al. 2010 for further details of sampling and methods (http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5201/1/CS_UK_2007_TR3%5B1%5D.pdf)

Estimates of mean values within selected habitats and parent material characteristics across GB were made using Countryside Survey (CS) data from 1978, 1998 and 2007 using a mixed model approach. The estimated means of habitat/parent material combinations are modelled on dominant habitat and parent material characteristics derived from the Land Cover Map 2007 and Parent Material Model 2009, respectively. The parent material characteristic used was that which minimised AIC in each model (see Dataset Documentation). Please see Scott, 2008 for further details of similar statistical analysis (http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5202/1/CS_UK_2007_TR4%5B1%5D.pdf). 

Areas, such as urban and littoral rock, are not sampled by CS and therefore have no associated data. Also, in some circumstances sample sizes for particular habitat / parent material combinations were insufficient to estimate mean values.
description: Data used are taken from the Countryside Survey Soils Report (Emmett et al. 2010) which can be found at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/9354/1/CS_UK_2007_TR9.pdf
DOI: 10.5285/e7ab3cd1-98fe-4ac4-ad44-e66aad3f2b74
title: Point count survey data for birds in the East of England, UK, in 2014

description: This dataset comprises bird abundance data collected using point count methods in Bedford, Luton and Milton Keynes in the summer of 2014.  The purpose of the study was to characterise the variation in breeding bird fauna across a range of urban forms. 

The data were collected as part of the Fragments, Functions and Flows in Urban Ecosystem Services (F3UES) project, as part of the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) framework.

description: The data were collected between May and June 2014 in Bedford, Luton and Milton Keynes, UK.  A subset of 500m x 500m survey tiles (n = 116) were selected from across the three towns using a stratified sampling design.  Point count methods were then used to survey birds at up to four pre-defined survey points within each tile.  All tiles were visited twice between 06:00am and 10:00am.  During each visit, ten minute point counts were conducted at all survey points within the tile in a random order.  Over two-minute intervals, observers recorded all birds seen or heard within five distance categories or in flight.  Birds singing and not singing were recorded separately.  The survey conditions and the numbers of people observed during each observation period were also recorded.
DOI: 10.5285/7c2bf22d-2ff6-4d06-b4c1-b74ed4b45fc1
title: Moth community and parasitoid data from a hedgerow cutting regime experiment in Cambridgeshire, England, 2011

description: This dataset contains moth species, parasitoid and resource provisioning data from a hedgerow experiment investigating the long-term effects of timing and frequency of cutting on resource provision for wildlife. The experiment site was based at at Monks Wood, Cambridgeshire, UK. Moth larvae were collected in May to September 2011 and reared in a laboratory. Moth larvae or adult moths, and any emerging parasitoids, were identified to species level where possible. Data on hedge plot dimensions and branching density and length were measured in the field at the same time as moth larvae sampling. Leaf samples were also collected and used to calculate biomass and determine foliar total carbon and nitrogen content.

The hedgerow experiment was one of three long running hedgerow experiments focusing on management to maintain and restore the hedgerow resource under agri-environment schemes. These long running experiments were funded by Defra and managed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
description: Data were digitised into Excel after field or laboratory collection and then imported into an Oracle database that contained all the data from the long running hedgerow experiments. The data provided here have been exported from the Oracle database. The following measures were taken to ensure quality and accuracy: a standard protocol was used, species data were collected by experienced and appropriately qualified field surveyors, species identifications were checked by an expert, and data were checked for anomalous values both prior to and post import into the Oracle database. A thorough check was also undertaken after upload of data to the Oracle database to check for and input missing values.
DOI: 10.5285/7eee41f8-dbde-4b5e-b2d5-7296b5bfc558
title: Fish biomass and density data for 3 intensively studied Wessex chalkstream sites, England, UK

description: Density and biomass of fish taxa from three chalkstreams in the Wessex chalk area: Nine Mile River, River Till and River Wylye. Data were collected on five occasions, between October 2012 and October 2013. The density of fish taxa at each of the three streams was estimated using benthic fish sampling and multi-pass electrofishing. The mean biomass of individuals of each taxon at each site on each occasion was then applied to the density estimates to derive an estimate of the biomass per m2 of each taxon at each site on each occasion. Data were collected to quantify food webs detailing the flux of mass and nutrients between nodes of the food web. This dataset was created as part of work package 3.2 of the Wessex Biodiversity & Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) project.
description: Samples were collected on five separate occasions from the three sites.  Sampling did not occur during the salmonid breeding season, December to March, so as not to disturb redds.  Protocols and standard procedures were strictly followed for benthic fish sampling and electrofishing but there was no formal quality assurance procedure, such as repeat surveying of the same reach on a different day within the same sampling period.  Electrofishing was undertaken by fully qualified and very experienced fish biologists (Bill Bellamy and Luke Scott) from the Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust.  

Fish populations were assessed by multi-pass electrofishing.  Population density estimates were derived using the the Zippin maximum likelihood method (Zippin, 1958). As electrofishing is not particularly effective at catching certain benthic species e.g. bullheads, stone loach, we used a modified Hess sampler (0.12 m2) to assess populations of these species, deployed 20 times on each date, using a stratified-random regime. The mean biomass of individuals of each taxa captured at each site on each occassion was determined using length-mass regressions, and multiplied by the density estimate to derive a biomass estimate.
DOI: 10.5285/07896bb2-7078-468c-b56d-fb8b41d47065
title: Countryside Survey 1998 vegetation plot data

description: This dataset consists of plant species presence and abundance in different sizes and types of plots from 569 1km x 1km square sites surveyed across Great Britain in 1998 and 1999 (under a project named Countryside Survey 2000). Many of the plots are repeated from surveys in 1978 and 1990 and were surveyed again in 2007. General information about the plot was recorded including plot number and type as well as species presence and (usually) cover. Data were collected under the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. 
description: The data were recorded onto paper field sheets in the summer of 1998 by surveyors (a few sites were surveyed in 1999). Data were recorded from 569 1km squares sited across Britain, selected by random stratified sample. The survey was managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (formerly the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology). Standard Countryside Survey methodology was applied (refer to the online documentation).
DOI: 10.5285/4962468f-54c4-49ff-adb8-03e9e88cffdd
title: Freshwater particulate organic radiocarbon for four major UK catchments, 2013-2014

description: This dataset includes radiocarbon (14C) content and d13C for river water samples collected across the UK. Samples were concentrated to four major catchments - the Ribble, Conwy, Hampshire Avon and Scottish Dee. Samples were collected at high flow. The dataset also includes suspended particulate matter concentration and % organic carbon content. 
description: We collected 5 litre water samples from the tidal limit of four major catchments in the UK (Ribble, Hampshire Avon, Conwy, Scottish Dee) in high-density polyethylene bottles. To minimise risk of carbon contamination, all equipment used during sampling and processing was new or acid-washed and all samples were managed in a radiocarbon tracer-free laboratory. For the Ribble, Conwy and Dee sites samples were collected during high-flow events. For the Avon, which has a much less flashy flow regime, they were taken at regular intervals throughout one year. High flow events were identified from daily river levels measured at gauging stations near the sampling sites, and made available on-line by the Environment Agency of England and Wales and the Scottish Environment Protection Agency. During the period October 2013-October 2014, four samples were taken for most of the sites, but only three each at the Gairn and Dee A sites. Additional 500 or 1000 mL samples were collected for the determination of SPMconcentration and the carbon content of the SPM.
DOI: 10.5285/4c02ae08-5703-46f4-947e-80e5d0a34a28
title: Experimental data on herbivorous pest insects, predatory insect occurrence and population growth rates of artificially established aphids from three crops

description: This dataset contains percentage cover of plants, mean numbers of aphids, mean counts of predators and mean counts of herbivores on three crops (field bean, wheat and oilseed rape) within different grassland types (improved, restored and species rich). Data were collected in 2013 on five farms in the Salisbury Plain area of the UK as part of the Wessex Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services Sustainability (BESS) project within the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) BESS programme. This data set was used to provide an assessment of the potential for different grassland types to provide natural pest control ecosystem services. The study uses sentinel plants of the three crops established in the grasslands to monitor herbivorous pest insects, predatory insect occurrence and the population growth rates of artificially established aphids.
description: Data has been checked for anomalous values following its entry from hand written sheets to electronic spreadsheet.  Invertebrate identification was verified by comparison to museum held material at the Oxford University Museums of Natural History.
DOI: 10.5285/4d3813b6-714b-403a-aeeb-e2fa518a1520
title: Soil physico-chemical properties and palm nutrient concentrations in smallholder oil palm plantations, Perak, Malaysia, 2019

description: This dataset contains information on soil physico-chemical characteristics and palm nutrient concentrations collected in 2019 across twenty-five smallholder oil palm farms in Perak, Malaysia. Leaf and rachis were sampled from 3 palms within each plot. Soils were sampled to 30cm depth in the palm circle of the same 3 palms and the adjacent inter-row area. These data were collected to assess the soil condition and nutritional status of oil palms across smallholder farms. This information was used to advise on best agronomic practice. 

The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant No. 355 NE/R000131/1).
description: Soil and palm tissue samples were collected by UKCEH staff and trained oil palm extension workers before being processed and analysed according to standard protocols at a Standards Malaysia accredited commercial laboratory in Selangor, Malaysia.
DOI: 10.5285/5a93161f-0124-4650-a2c9-7e8aaea7e6bb
title: Eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide, energy and water fluxes at an organically managed grassland, Berkshire, UK, 2017 to 2019

description: This dataset contains time series observations of surface-atmosphere exchanges of net ecosystem carbon dioxide exchange (NEE), sensible heat (H) and latent heat (LE), and momentum (τ) measured at an area of organically managed grassland located on the Berkshire Downs, UK. Turbulent flux densities were monitored using the micrometeorological eddy covariance (EC) technique between 1st January 2017 and 31st July 2019. The dataset includes ancillary weather and soil physics observations, as well as variables describing atmospheric turbulence and the quality of the turbulent flux observations. 

This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.
description: Eddy covariance (EC) and micrometeorological observations were made using an open-path eddy covariance system. Ancillary meteorological and soil physics observations were obtained from a co-located COSMOS-UK station. 
Turbulent flux densities were calculated from the raw EC data using the EddyPRO® Flux Calculation Software Version 6.1.

Quality Control of EC data involved removal of statistical outliers and tests that theoretical requirements for the successful application of the EC technique were not violated significantly. Data gaps in EC data (NEE, LE, H) and the partitioning of NEE into gross ecosystem production and total ecosystem production were performed using the REddyProc Package for R (Reichstein et al., 2019).

Further details are available in the supporting documentation.
DOI: 10.5285/7c4c1ed0-3d45-4b7f-8007-b81f6028d686
title: Elemental cycling in recently deglaciated landscapes, Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska

description: This data set includes soil chemical, physical and microbial properties collected across a two-century glacial chronosequence across six streams in Glacier Bay, Southeast Alaska, U.S.A. We measured soil potential nitrification, denitrification, as well as stable isotopes (delta-15N and delta-13C) of leaves and soil to establish how physical and biological changes associated with ecosystem development interact to determine rates of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) turnover. Secondly, how these interactions were reflected in the isotopic signature of vegetation and SOM. Data were collected between June 2011 and September 2013 during summer sampling campaigns.
description: We collected soil samples and leaves from the dominant vegetation types within each catchment. For each vegetation type we collected composite soil samples from three locations. At each location we combined three soil samples taken from within 1 m2 to account for small-scale heterogeneity. We collected soil to a depth of 10 cm using a hand trowel and soil corer. Soils were kept shaded and cool and were processed within four days of collection at the Glacier Bay field laboratory station. Field moist soils were sieved through a 2 mm mesh screen to remove stones and large detritus. We analysed this 2 mm fraction for gravimetric soil moisture, organic matter content (loss on ignition), and pH following standard methods. We used a separate sample, collected with a hand-corer, to estimate bulk density after drying. Soil texture was analysed using laser diffraction. We determined potential nitrite oxidation by nitrite consumption during a 30-hour incubation as a proxy of nitrification. Potential denitrification was analysed using the acetylene block technique. We extracted〖 NH〗_4^+, NO_2^-, and NO_3^- from slurries of 10 g (equivalent dry weight) of field-moist soil and 80 ml of 2M KCl. Soil slurries were agitated on a continuous wheel shaker for 1 h in 100ml high-density polyethylene bottles. Extracts were filtered to 0.2 μm with nylon filters (Millipore), frozen, and transported to the University of Birmingham, UK. 〖 NH〗_4^(+ ) was determined using the buffered hypochlorite method and NO_3^- using cadmium column reduction to NO_2^- followed by a Griess diazotization reaction. NO_2^- was also determined by Griess diazotization reaction. Colorimetric analyses were accomplished on a Jenway 6800 UV/Vis spectrophotometer. The limit of detection was 0.05 μg ml-1 for all N species, accuracy was equal to or better than 90 percent, and coefficient of variation was lower than 1 percent. We measured total N, total C, δ13C, and δ15N of soil and leaves with an elemental analyzer (Vario PYRO cube, Elementar, Hanau, Germany) coupled to an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (Isoprime, micromass, Manchester, UK) at the Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, France. The coefficient of variation was 0.2‰ for δ 13C and 0.3‰ for 15N.
DOI: 10.5285/dfe2a4a5-2b3a-4731-ba7f-aea7e926f1dd
title: Input to Yield Ratio (IYR) maps for wheat farming in England, 2010-2017

description: These maps show the Input to Yield Ratio (IYR) of wheat farming in England, calculated as the ratio of agrochemical inputs to agricultural reward as yield. 

We assess the IYR at a 1km resolution for wheat grown in England over the period the period 2010-2017, considering the different agrochemicals used and their differing forms of environmental impact. We provide four mapped products: IYR for Nitrogen fertilisers, IYR for Phosphorus fertilisers, IYR for pesticide risk to earthworms, and IYR for pesticide risk to honeybees. The IYR is calculated using scaled rather than absolute values, with the maximum value in each yield and inputs dataset set as 1, so that all inputs and rewards are expressed proportionally to each other.

The research was funded under research programme NE/N018125/1 ASSIST and NE/W005050/1 AgZero+.
description: We mapped estimated pesticide and fertiliser applications to 1km grid squares in England using data from the Fera Pesticide Utilisation Survey and the British Survey of Fertiliser Practice, respectively. Estimated pesticide applications were converted to risk values to honeybees and earthworms using information on toxicity from the Pesticide Property Database. Areas with winter wheat crop were identified from the UKCEH Land Cover® plus: Crops map. Data from the June Survey of Agricultural and Horticultural activity were used to create an average wheat yield map for England.

We then compared the fertiliser and pesticide application datasets separately to estimated yields of wheat in order to derive the Input to Yield Ratio (IYR) for four separate agrochemical inputs: Nitrogen fertilisers, Phosphorus fertilisers, pesticide exposure for earthworms, and pesticide exposure for honeybees.
DOI: 10.5285/0537af26-5cab-4381-aca0-d997db421111
title: Mapped stream networks for the Mundeni Aru, Maduru Oya and Miyangolla Ela river basins in eastern Sri Lanka

description: This dataset provides stream networks for three river basins in eastern Sri Lanka (Mundeni Aru, Maduru Oya and Miyangolla Ela). The stream networks were developed for use in hydrologic modelling and are provided as shapefiles.

The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/S005838/1).
description: Natural and artificial watercourses were manually mapped using satellite imagery from Google Earth and their widths measured. The resulting stream networks have been checked for integrity, including to ensure lines are snapped at vertices and points ordered in the downhill direction.
DOI: 10.5285/6410a578-d21a-4285-8e9c-57efbe2b60d5
title: Soil pyrogenic and organic carbon data in intact forest permanent plots across the Amazon Basin, 2015-2019

description: This dataset contains measurements of soil pyrogenic carbon, ratio of %PyC to %Bulk Carbon and organic carbon, which were collected in a soil fertility gradient in the Amazon Basin. All samples were taken in old-growth forests. In total, 49 forest plots were sampled and analysed for PyC soil concentration, representing 395 soil samples. 
description: We analysed 395 soil samples for pyrogenic and organic carbon. These samples were collected in 49 plots of old-growth forest distributed in a gradient of fertility in the Amazon Basin. 
From these 49 forest plots, 37 plots were previously sampled, with soil samples collected and analysed for total organic carbon (TOC) following the protocol described in Quesada et al. 2010. The other 12 forest plots were sampled in 2017. 
In forest plots ≥1 ha, we sampled a minimum of five different locations; in the four corners and in the centre of the plot. In plots <1 ha, we sampled soil in 3 locations; 2 corners and in the centre. We sampled soil to 2 metres depth, where the majority of the sampling was taken in the following intervals: 0-5, 5-10, 10-20, 20-30, 30-50, 50-100, 100-150, 150-200 cm of depth. For each plot, we formed a composite sample by depth interval, resulting in one sample per depth range per plot. The samples were analysed at James Cook University.