DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ss368
title: Data from: The Pillars of Hercules as a bathymetric barrier to gene-flow promoting isolation in a global deep-sea shark (Centroscymnus coelolepis)

description: Knowledge of the mechanisms limiting connectivity and gene-flow in
 deep-sea ecosystems is limited, especially for deep-sea sharks. The
 Portuguese dogfish (Centroscymnus coelolepis) is a globally distributed
 and Near Threatened deep-sea shark. C. coelolepis population structure was
 studied using 11 nuclear microsatellite markers and a 497 bp fragment from
 the mtDNA Control Region. High levels of genetic homogeneity across the
 Atlantic (ΦST=-0.0091, FST= 0.0024, P &gt; 0.05) were found suggesting
 one large population unit at this basin. The low levels of genetic
 divergence between Atlantic and Australia (ΦST= 0.0744, P&lt;0.01;
 FST=0.0015, P &gt; 0.05) further suggested that this species may be
 able to maintain some degree of genetic connectivity even across ocean
 basins. In contrast, sharks from the Mediterranean Sea exhibited marked
 genetic differentiation from all other localities studied (ΦST=0.3808,
 FST=0.1149, P &lt; 0.001). This finding suggests that the shallow
 depth of the Strait of Gibraltar acts as a barrier to dispersal and that
 isolation and genetic drift may have had an important role shaping the
 Mediterranean shark population over time. Analyses of life-history traits
 allowed the direct comparison among regions providing a complete
 characterization of this shark population. Sharks from the Mediterranean
 had markedly smaller adult body size and size at maturity compared to
 Atlantic and Pacific individuals. Together these results suggest the
 existence of an isolated and unique population of C. coelolepis inhabiting
 the Mediterranean that most likely became separated from the Atlantic in
 the late Pleistocene.
description: CC_microsatellites_genotypesThis file contains the microsatellites genotypes for the 503 specimens of Centroscymnus coelolepis (CC). The file is in genepop 3 digits format, which is widely used and can be easily converted in other types of files. It contains the genotypes for the 11 nuclear loci screened in the 8 localities studied: AZ-Azores; SAZ-South of Azores; UKIRE-United Kingdom and Ireland; MAU-Mauritania; MED-Western Mediterranean; PT-Portugal mainland; MAD-Madeira; AUS-Australia.CC_CR_aligment_allThis file contains all the 347 mtDNA Control Region sequences used in the above studied. The file is in fasta format with all the aligned sequences with 497bp.Localities codes: AZ-Azores; MAR-Mid-Atlantic Ridge; SAZ-South of Azores; UK-United Kingdom; IRE-Ireland; MAU-Mauritania; MED-Western Mediterranean; PT-Portugal mainland; MAD-Madeira; AUS-Australia; SAF-South Africa.CC_CR_aligment_haplotypesThis file contains all 27 haplotypes found in the studied areas for Centroscymnus coelolepis. The file is in fasta format. Haplotypes frequencies: H1-121; H2-144; H3-3; H4-1: H5-20; H6-1; H7-1;H8-1; H9-1; H10-7; H11-1; H12-1; H13-6; H14-4; H15-2; H16-1; H17-1; H18-8; H19-10; H20-4; H21-1; H22-1; H23-1; H24-1; H25-1; H26-2; H27-2.CC_DB_biologic_dataThis file in excel format contains the biological data used in the life-history analyses. Each line refers to one sampled specimen and the columns refer to: Cruise/Source- Code for the scientific cruise where the samples were collected or in other case provenience of the samples; Data provider- Person responsible/owner for the collection of the biological data; Genetic code- Sample genetic code, specimens without a genetic code were not screened with genetic markers; Area- Geographic region of the specimens collected: Atlantic, Mediterranean, Australia; Date: specimen capture date; Depth: specimen capture depth in meters; Total length: Specimen total length in centimeters; Total weight: specimen total weight in kilograms; Sex: Male or female; Mature/immature; Source: data from this study or retrieved from the literature (only for some Australian samples).IMa_parameter_fileThis file contains the command lines with all the parameters used to run IMa2 software. Input file was constructed from individual sequences and microsatellite genotypes for the subset of C. coelolepis samples. The subset consists of 53 samples drawn randomly from both Atlantic and Mediterranean groups (altogether 106 samples) and only samples with available microsatellite genotypes and mtDNA sequences were considered. The mutation rate was obtained from the DIYABC analysis.