cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288407
title: PHYSIOLOGIC SELECTIVITY OF PESTICIDES USED ON COFFEE PLANTATIONS ON EGGS AND ADULTS OF CRYPTOLAEMUS MONTROUZIERI MULSANT

description: ABSTRACT On coffee plantations, the association between selective compounds and natural enemies composes an important tool for the pest management. The objective of this study was to evaluate some pesticides used on coffee plantations in regard to their lethal and sublethal effects on eggs and adults of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant under laboratory conditions. The bioassays were carried out in the Laboratory of Selectivity Studies, Department of Entomology of the Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Brazil, under controlled conditions (climatic chamber) at 25 ± 2º C, RH of 70 ± 10% with a 12 h photophase. The pesticides and doses in g or mL of i.a. L-1 were: thiamethoxam (0.5), imidacloprid (0.7), mineral oil (13.3), endosulfan (2.63) and dimethoate (0.48). Distilled water was used as a control. The sprayings of the pesticides were accomplished using a Potter’s tower. The parameters evaluated were: specimen survival after the application of the compounds, oviposition and eggs viability. Thiamethoxam, imidacloprid and endosulfan were the most harmful to the treated individuals. When sprayed on eggs, thiamethoxam increased the embryonic period length (7.1 days). Mineral oil was the only compound that did not affect the reproduction of C. montrouzieri. In function of the selectivity presented by mineral oil, it can be recommended to be used in integrated pest management on coffee plantations in association with this predator.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288406
title: GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF RABIES VIRUS ISOLATES FROM CATTLE IN MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT A total of 53 rabies virus (RV) isolates originating from cattle in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, were genetically characterized. Partial nucleoprotein gene sequences of these isolates were phylogenetically and geographically analyzed. Cattle isolates, which clustered with the vampire bat related RV group, were further subdivided into 7 subgroups. These subgroups were distributed widely in lowland regions, with some subgroups separated from each other by small mountains and hydrographical features. These results indicate that cattle rabies is derived from several regionally-defined variants, which suggests that its geographical distribution is related to that of the vampire bat population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288405
title: CLINICAL COCCIDIOSIS IN BROILER CHICKS NATURALLY INFECTED AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSED WITH DEXAMETHASONE

description: ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of clinical coccidiosis in broilers immunosuppressed with dexamethasone. Male and female broiler chickens, from 35 to 38 days old were divided into 3 groups – group I (n = 25), including chickens without coccidiosis and negative for coccidia in fecal examination; group II (n = 25), including birds with coccidiosis and positive for coccidia in fecal examination; group III (n = 25), constituted by chickens with no coccidiosis, negative for coccidia in fecal examination and immunosuppressed with dexamethasone (4 mg/kg/day for 4 days, subcutaneous route). The diagnosis of coccidiosis was achieved using the centrifugal floatation technique in sucrose solution to investigate the presence of oocystis in stools, as well as by the observation of macroscopic and microscopic changes in the gut after necropsy. The immune response was evaluated by determination of cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity (CBH) response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and of the weight ratio of bursa of Fabricius and spleen in relation to body weight. Broilers from group II and III presented decreased CBH reaction to PHA in relation to group I, suggesting a decrease of the immune response. In addition, chickens from group III presented a significant decrease in the weight of the bursa of Fabricius and of the spleen. The coccidian types were E. acervulina and E. maxima in chickens from groups II and III, as well as E. tenella in chickens treated with dexamethasone. Immunosuppression induced by dexamethasone increased susceptibility to natural coccidiosis in commercially raised broiler chicks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288403
title: THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS INSECTICIDES ON THE CONTROL OF INITIAL PESTS AND ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test various insecticides in the treatment of sunflower seeds for the control of Cerotoma arcuatus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and assessing their influence on the physiological quality of seeds during storage. The results showed that tiodicarb 600 g.a.i./100 kg of seeds achieved close to 80, 100 and 85% of control against first-instar A. gemmatalis, second instar S. frugiperda and adult C. arcuatus, respectively. However, this treatment was inefficient against third instar S. frugiperda and B. tabaci. Tiodicarb + imidacloprid 157.5 + 52.5; thiamethoxan 210; thiamethoxan 280; imidacloprid 245 and fipronil 50 g.a.i./100 kg of seeds also achieved 80% control against C. arcuatus adults. Against A. gemmatalis, only fipronil 50 g.a.i. and azarachtin 10 and 20 g.a.i./100 kg of seeds did not achieve more than 80% control. Against B. tabaci no tested treatment reached 80% of efficacy. None of the tested insecticides harmed seed germination or emergence during the different storage periods (up to 4 months after seed treatment).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288402
title: The effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on semen characteristics and testicular profiles of Red Sokoto Bucks

description: ABSTRACT. The present work evaluated the effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on reproductive parameters of Red Sokoto bucks. Twenty Red Sokoto bucks were used for the experiment. After a 14-day pre-treatment period, bucks were assigned for 90 days to one of four isonitrogeneous treatments: control (diet A); 0 mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet B); 15% mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet C); 30% mg kg-1 of total gossypol and (diet D); 45% mg kg-1 of total gossypol. The mean percentage sperm gross motility was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) compared to groups C (30% WCS) and A (control) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen pH and reaction time were not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different among treatment groups. Semen colour of the bucks in the control group was majorly creamy, in group C (30% WCS) and B (15% WCS) creamy to milky and group D (45% WCS) colourless. The mean semen volume was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher in groups C and A compared to group D (45% WCS) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen concentration was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) when compared to group A (control) at days 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90. Group A (control) bucks had significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher percentage live sperm compared to those in group D (45% WCS) at days 45, 60, 75 and 90. Mean Sperm morphological abnormalities including detached head, free tail curved tail and midpiece droplets were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher in group D (45%) than in group A (Control) at day 15 (for free tails) and day 90 (for all). Testicular and epididymal sperm reserves were higher in animals supplemented with up to 30% whole cottonseed. In conclusion, feeding bucks above 30% WCS resulted in more deleterious effects on the semen characteristics and testicular profile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288401
title: Milk yield of cows submitted to different levels of olive pomace in the diet

description: ABSTRACT. The cultivation of olive trees is expanding in Brazil, mainly in Rio Grande do Sul in order to meet the demand for olive oil, the main product of the industrialization of olives. However, from the extraction, there is a significant generation of waste. This residue has high moisture and an appropriate destination is necessary given its environmental and economic importance. The chemical composition of the residue is similar to other products used in animal feed, such as corn silage or sorghum, in relation to DM, CP and NDF, the differential being high levels of EE and ADL. In order to evaluate the replacement of corn silage by the extraction residue of olive oil (olive pomace), eight Holstein dairy cow, between 90 and 100 days of lactation, were used, making a double Latin square (4x4). Analyzes were made regarding animals, feed and milk product in order to verify the feasibility of the substitution. The inclusion of olive pomace, conserved as silage, to replace corn silage, in the diet of lactating cows up to 15% (dry basis) does not alter milk production, as well as its composition and feed efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288399
title: MITES (ARACHNIDA: ACARI) ASSOCIATED WITH TROPICAL ORNAMENTAL PLANTSIN THE SOUTHERN COASTAL REGION OF BAHIA, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Due to the expansion of the tropical flower agribusiness in the southern coastal region of Bahia State, Brazil, and the lack of studies on mites associated to these cultures in the region, mite surveys were conducted from September 2006 to June 2007 in 34 species/cultivars of ornamental plants of the families Costaceae, Heliconiaceae, Musaceae and Zingiberaceae on 11 properties located in 6 counties (13º 21’ to 14º 58’ of south latitude and 39º 04’ to 39º 27’ of west longitude) with the aim of determining the composition of functional groups in the field through the analysis of the community at the family level using faunistic indexes. Mites were collected monthly from leaves and inflorescences. Twenty-two families were recorded. More than half of the mites pertained to predominantly predatory families, mainly to phytoseiids. Based on faunistic indexes, the families Phytoseiidae and Tetranychidae showed the maximum indexes of dominance, abundance, frequency and constancy. Tetranychids (Tetranychus aff. abacae Baker & Pritchard) were reported on Alpinia purpurata (Viell.) Schum, Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith, Musa coccinea H.C. Andrews, Strelitzia reginae Aiton, Zingiber spectabilis Griffith, Heliconia latispatha Benth., Heliconia rivularis L. Emygd. & E. Santos, Heliconia rostrata Ruiz & Pavon, Heliconia wagneriana Petersen and on the cultivars of heliconia ‘Nappi Yellow,’ ‘Jacquinii,’ ‘She,’ ‘Golden Torch,’ ‘Red Opal,’ ‘Alan Carle,’ ‘Fire Bird’ and ‘Nappi Red.’ The species/cultivars with the largest number of mite families were H. latispatha. H. rostrata. M. coccinea, ‘Fire Bird,’ E. elatior ‘Vermelha,’ Z. spectabilis. E. elatior ‘Rosa,’ A. purpurata ‘Vermelha’ and heliconias ‘Alan Carle,’ ‘Sassy’ and ‘She.’ No mite-induced economic losses on tropical flower cultures were observed. The low population levels of phytophagous mites suggest an efficient natural control by predators, pathogens and other factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288397
title: FAUNISTIC AND POPULATIONAL ANALYSIS OF FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN COMMERCIAL GUAVA ORCHARDS IN THE CARIRI REGION (STATE OF CEARÁ), BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Due to the importance of fruit-flies as pests in fruit growing, the present study was aimed to characterize the populations of fruit-flies in commercial guava orchards in the Cariri region (state of Ceará), Brazil, by means of faunistic indexes and to study their population fluctuation during the year. For this purpose, McPhail traps were installed in the counties Barbalha, Crato and Juazeiro do Norte. The traps were examined weekly and the captured flies were separated, preserved in 70% alcohol and identified. Anastrepha zenildae (Wiedemann), A. sororcula Zucchi, A. fraterculus (Wiedemann), A. obliqua (Macquart) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) were associated with guava fruits. Of them, A. zenildae. A. sororcula and A. obliqua were dominant and constant in the studied region, while A. fraterculus and C. capitata were non-dominant but constant. A. zenildae occurred in almost all months of the year, except October and December of 2008, with population peaks in the rainy season with its milder temperatures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288392
title: Effect of different protocols for estrus synchronization on reproductive performance of Santa Inês ewes under Amazon environmental conditions

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different hormonal protocols on the reproductive performance of Santa Inês ewes in Amazon environmental conditions. Twenty-two Santa Inês ewes between 3 and 4 years-old were distributed in a randomized block experimental design, where the treatments consisted of two protocols for estrus synchronization (short and long) with eleven animals each. Data on the occurrence of estrus were described for each protocol. Data of estrus, pregnancy, and prolificity were firstly subjected to ANOVA and a subsequent Tukey’s test. Results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. The short-term protocol presented an interesting successful rate, where above 70% ewes tested had estrus. The long-term protocol also achieved a high successful rate, where above 80% ewes tested had estrus. However, comparing the protocols, the long-term protocol presented better results of positive estrus and pregnancy rates in ewes. Thus, it can be concluded that both protocols presented satisfactory results regarding estrus manifestation, and prolificity (lambs produced per ewe). However, under Amazon environmental conditions, the long-term protocol presented better results regarding positive manifestation of estrus and pregnancy rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288390
title: Sheep and goat feeding behavior profile in grazing systems

description: ABSTRACT. Feeding behavior analysis provides information about the relationships between animals and pastures. Therefore, this review aims to describe some aspects of the feeding behavior profiles of both sheep and goats in grazing systems. The structure of the pasture is a key factor in the feeding behavior of grazing animals. The amount of feed consumed in a given period of time is affected by the number of meals, duration and velocity of swallowing, changes in grazing time, bite rate, bite weight, and quality of ingested forage. The different phenological stages of forage also influence the animals’ strategies to optimize their intake, which consequently changes their behavioral activities. Sheep and goats tend to be more selective than cattle, and young animals are more selective than older animals; this selectivity characteristic is one of the most important aspects to be observed in pasture management. According to the degree of selectivity, the animals will intake forages of higher or lower nutritive quality. In addition, the intensity and distribution of their daily activities (grazing, ruminating, and resting) are influenced by several factors, such as the availability and nutritive value of the pasture, its management, the animal activity in the group, and the predominant climatic conditions of the region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288387
title: Nano-selenium and nano-zinc oxide supplementation in syrup on laying area, population size and hsp gene expression of honey bees in hot climate

description: ABSTRACT. This study was designed to examine the protective effects of nano-selenium and nano-zinc oxide on queen and workers performance under heat stress condition and gene expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) as an index of heat tolerance. Sixty colonies were randomly assigned to five treatments with 12 replicates from June until early September. Sugar syrup (50%) containing no supplement or nano-selenium at levels of 50 and 100 µg L-1 or nano-zinc at levels of 100 and 200 µg L-1 was fed to colonies. Nano-selenium supplementations had no effect, but nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 significantly decreased body malondialdehyde concentration. The highest bee population was seen in nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 and the lowest one in control group. The lowest and the highest body weight, fat and protein deposition was found in group received nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 and control, respectively. The highest gene expression was for group received nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 In group received nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1, an increase in hsp70 gene expression was found. In conclusion, nano-zinc oxide at level of 100 µg L-1 could increase queen and worker performance and heat resistance of bees in the hot climate condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288386
title: Babassu mesocarp meal for ewe lambs feeding: In vitro ruminal fermentation and in vivo apparent digestibility

description: ABSTRACT. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the in vitro fermentation (IVRF) and apparent in vivo digestibility (AIVD) of diets formulated with four inclusion levels of babassu mesocarp meal (BMM) (0.0; 7.5; 15.0 and 22.5%) in ewe lambs. The IVRF test was performed through the "Hohenheim Gas Test" technique, following a randomized complete block design, with four blocks (rumen fluids from four different bovines). Gas production was measured at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after incubation. For the AIVD trial, 20 ewe lambs were used in a completely randomized design with five replicates. The animals were housed in metabolic cages during the digestibility test. Diets with BMM showed lower fermentation levels than those without BMM. The BMM reduced the gas production per incubation time and dry matter effective degradability (DMED), possibly due to its chemical characteristics, or even to the influence of other factors, such as physical properties. The BMM negatively influenced the AIVD of DM. Thus, it can be stated that, despite being a starch source, BMM reduces ruminal fermentation parameters when included in ruminant diets, negatively interfering with diet digestibility. Therefore, its use should be cautious.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288384
title: CLONING, EXPRESSION, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN OF INFECTIOUS BRONCHITIS VIRUS IN ESCHERICHIA COLI AND PICHIA PASTORIS

description: ABSTRACT The nucleocapsid protein (N) gene (1,230 bp) of the M41 strain of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and cloned in two systems; pET28a Escherichia coli and pFLD Pichia pastoris. The recombinant expression constructs (pET28a-N or pFLD-N) were identified by PCR and sequencing analysis. The transformant clones of BL21 strain of E. coli or GS115 of P. pastoris were submitted to appropriate inducting protocols. Expression of histidine-tagged fusion N proteins with a molecular mass of 54 kDa was determined by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting analysis, confirming that both recombinant N proteins were comparable in size and antigenicity to native IBV N protein. The E. coli system overexpressed the recombinant N protein, while the P. pastoris system produced a low yield of this recombinant protein. The bacteria expressed N protein was purified by chromatography on nickel-sepharose resin. These results indicated that the pET28a E. coli expression system is more effective to generate N recombinant protein for using as an antigen to detect anti-IBV antibodies in immuno-assays for this viral infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288383
title: Spineless cactus varieties resistant to carmine cochineal (Dactylopius sp.) on the composition and sensory properties of goat milk

description: ABSTRACT. The physical-chemical characteristics and sensory attributes of milk are variable. This study aimed to evaluate how spineless cactus varieties resistant to carmine cochineal (Dactylopius sp.) influences the composition and sensory characteristics of goat milk. Twelve lactating goats with body weights of 51.35 ± 3.75 kg were distributed in a 4 × 4 Latin square, with three simultaneous squares composed of four animals, four periods, and four experimental diets: Control - goats fed tifton grass hay and concentrate; SCOE - goats fed the Orelha-de-elefante spineless cactus, tifton hay, and concentrate; SCB - goats fed the Baiana spineless cactus, tifton hay, and concentrate; SCM - goats fed the Miúda spineless cactus, tifton hay, and concentrate. The levels of protein and non-greasy solids and the sensory attributes of the milk (odor, butter flavor, and global acceptance) did not differ between the treatments (p &gt; 0.05). The lipid content of the milk was reduced in the SCOE treatment compared to the control (p = 0.0014). The milk obtained from animals fed the SCOE and SCM treatments had a stronger flavor (p &lt; 0.05). These results suggest that varieties of spineless cactus resistant to carmine cochineal can be used as goat feed without affecting milk production or global acceptance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288381
title: Evaluation of cardiac status, ascites related factors and growth performance of five commercial strains of broiler chickens

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of the current study was to evaluate cardiac status, ascites susceptibility, thyroid hormones, some hematological parameters and performance of five commercial broiler strains. Chicks were selected from strains of Cobb, Hubbard, Ross 308, Arbor Acres, and Arian (Iranian commercial broiler strain). Management and nutritional conditions were the same for all strains. Ascites related factors, and growth performance were measured. The highest and lowest, RV weight/live weight at 21 day of age were related to Arian and Ross 308 strains, respectively (p &lt; 0.05). The TV weight, TV weight/live weight and the RV weight/live weight were significantly different between various strains at 49 and 54 days of age (p &lt; 0.05). Strain had no effect on RV/TV. Performance, T3 and T4 hormones, hematological parameters, and mortalities were not significantly different among the strains (p &gt; 0.05). Ascites mortalities in the Ross 308 was zero; however, it had no significant difference with other strains (p &gt; 0.05). It was concluded that, based on performance and physiological status, even though considered broiler strains did not differ significantly because of the same genetic programs probably, but according to the prices and market conditions each can be selected for breeding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288378
title: Effect of mixture of herbal plants on ruminal fermentation, degradability and gas production

description: ABSTRACT. Reducing livestock negative environmental impacts get great interest in last years. So, present study was carried out to determine the effect of adding different levels of mixture of thyme and celery versus salinomycin on ruminal fermentation, gas production, dry, organic matter and fiber degradation. Four experimental treatments were used by in-vitro batch culture technique, as follow: 60% CFM, 40% clover hay (control), control diet + 2.5 gm thyme + 2.5 gm celery kg-1 DM (T1), control diet + 5 gm thyme + 5 gm celery kg-1 DM (T2), control diet + 10 gm thyme + 10 gm celery kg-1 DM (T3), control diet + 0.4 gm Salinomycin kg-1 DM (T4). Ruminal pH value was significantly increased (p &lt; 0.05) with T4 compared with other treatments. While, the T4 recorded the lowest value (p &lt; 0.05) for microbial protein, short chain fatty acids concentrations (SCFA), total gas production, dry matter and organic matter degradability (DMd and OMd) compared with other treatments. Fiber fraction degradability (NDFd and ADFd) appeared no significant variance (p &gt; 0.05) between control and other treatments except for T1 that recorded the lowest value (p &lt; 0.05). It is concluded that mixture of thyme plus celery could be alternate for ionophores in the ruminant diets to enhance ruminal fermentation, reducing gas production without any negative effect on nutrients degradability.