cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79295
title: Out-Patient Department, Nagpur, India, ca.1927

description: "The Out-Patient Department" External view showing patients arriving at Mure Memorial Hospital. The hospital, which was founded by Dr Agnes Elizabeth Henderson in 1896 contained several wards including a children's and isolation ward. Dr Henderson was also responsible for raising significant sums of money to extend the hospital and as a result managed to build many new wards.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79283
title: Women's Welfare League, Nagpur, India, ca.1926

description: "The Women's Welfare League". Group portrait of ladies of the Welfare League.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79278
title: View from Top of Tower of Victory, Chittaurgarh, India, ca.1890

description: “View from top of Tower of Victory.” View of landscape surrounding Chittaurgarh. Chittaurgarh served as the third capital of the Mewar kingdom before it was sacked and the capital moved to Udaipur. The Tower of Victory, or Vijay Stambha, was constructed between 1458 and 1468 to commemorate the victory over the Muslim ruler of Delhi. It reaches 122 feet into the air, and its exterior is covered with ornate carvings. ❧ Views of Rajputana by Lala Deen Diyal.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79298
title: Ward Babies, Nagpur, India, ca.1927

description: "European Ward Babies, Celestine Anne Mott". Portrait of a young girl standing outside of a doorway. One of several images of European children born at the Mure Memorial Hospital in Nagpur. The hospital, which was founded by Dr Agnes Elizabeth Henderson in 1896, contained several wards including a children's ward and a TB ward. Dr Henderson was also responsible for raising significant sums of money to extend the hospital. The Nagpur mission was set up in 1845 by Stephen Hislop (1817-1863) for the Free Church of Scotland.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79144
title: Cotton Cleaners, Chomun, India, ca.1901

description: “The Cotton Cleaners, Chomun.” Group portrait of man and children seated in doorway cleaning cotton. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79407
title: Monument, Tomb of Huang Taiji, Shenyang, ca.1889

description: “Monument in n. tomb grounds.” Exterior view showing a European male standing next to a large stone monolith marked with Chinese inscriptions ❧ The North Tomb in Shenyang is still a popular tourist attraction and is the burial place of Huang Taiji (1592-1643), founder of the Qing dynasty. Animal sculptures line the pathway to the tomb, also known as the Luminous Tomb, and it is the largest of the imperial tombs north of the great wall. It took eight years to build (1643-1651) and is situated in Beiling Park. ❧ The United Presbyterian Mission in Manchuria had been established by John Ross (1842-1915) when he entered the region in 1872. Shenyang [Moukden] became an important station in the interior and Hospitals, Schools and Orphanages were built there. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79388
title: Mr Wylie's house, Manchuria, 1889

description: “Chinese house at side of principal house (Cook at door)”. Exterior view of manse at Liaoyang showing the domestic and cooking quarters which are built in a more traditional style to the main house. An indigenous man poses at the door. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894. He did much itinerant work and built upon the work of Old Wang who had been the ‘native evangelist’ in Liaoyang until his death in 1885. When the first Sino Japanese War (1894-1895) broke out troops were being gathered to send to Korea and suspicion of foreigners was heightened. In Liaoyang, on the 10 August 1894, a group of Chinese soldiers wrecked the U.P. chapel and attacked Mr Whylie, who died of his wounds several days later. Missionaries and foreigners then sought refuge in the port of Newchwang where many remained until the war ended the following year.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79329
title: Saoner, Nagpur, India, ca.1937

description: "Saoner. The Baptism of Lehanu and Family. Rev J.Misal, Dr Taylor, Rev T.W. Gardiner." Group portrait of the Lehanu family pictured with Reverend Misal and Reverend Gardiner. The Reverend T. W Gardiner was heavily involved in mission work and in attempting to unify the Hindu, Muslim and Christian faiths he created a book entitled ‘A House of Prayer for all Nations.’ Stephen Hislop (1817-1863) was charged, by the Free Church of Scotland, with setting up a mission in Nagpur in 1845 which had been endowed by an army officer, Brigadier W. Hill. Based 10 miles from Nagpur at Kamptee, a military camp situated on the Kanhan River, he taught at the school. He learnt the Marathi (the language of western and central India) quickly and integrated with local people. He had a keen interest in the sciences and followed the principles of Alexander Duff and set up a vernacular school (1846) which would eventually become the Hislop College. He died when on an archaeological expedition when horse and rider went over a bank into a swollen river and drowned.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79395
title: Mission church, Liaoyang, China, 1889

description: “Medical mission premises. U.P. Church, Liaoyang.” Exterior view of several one story buildings in a walled enclosure. In t he foreground are several small plots where various plants are growing. The church building is identifiable by the bell tower which is constructed in a Chinese style. A number of facilities where opened in Liaoyang around this time; Mrs Westwater opened a small women’s hospital and a training home for Bible women and a larger hospital was opened and run by Dr Westwater. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894. He did much itinerant work and built upon the work of Old Wang who had been the indigenous evangelist in Liaoyang from 1882 until his death in 1885. When the first Sino Japanese War (1894-1895) broke out troops were being gathered to send to Korea and suspicion of foreigners was heightened. In Liaoyang, on the 10 August 1894, a group of Chinese soldiers wrecked the U.P. chapel and attacked Mr Whylie, who died of his wounds several days later. Missionaries and foreigners then sought refuge in the port of Newchwang where many remained until the war ended the following year.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79784
title: Young Girls, Chogoria, Kenya, September 1926

description: "Young Girls". Group portrait of seven young girls, all wearing traditional dress. The site of Chogoria was established by a native evangelist and dispenser sent out from Kikuyu in 1916. It sits on the eastern slopes of Mount Kenya, 35 miles from the summit at 17,040 feet, and administered to the Chuka, Mwimbi and Meru tribes. Mission station established by Dr A.C. Irvine, his wife and Mr Ernest Carr when they arrived, in 1922, from TumuTumu. Chogoria is built on a wooded ridge at an altitude of 5,000 feet. Mr Carr arrived first and built a bungalow in 1922, the Irvines arrived that autumn. A stone church was built to replace the thatch and wattle old church and was opened in 1930.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79404
title: Mafee and horse in the millet field, Manchuria, 1889

description: “Kaoliang, Mafee, Horse.” Exterior view of an indigenous man holding the reins of a horse in front of a millet field where the stalks tower over them. Kaoliang is a distilled spirit, made from millet, and known as Chinese wine. It is popular in China and Korea. ❧ The United Presbyterian Mission in Manchuria had been established by John Ross (1842-1915) when he entered the region in 1872. Shenyang [Moukden] became an important station in the interior and Hospitals, Schools and Orphanages were built there. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79377
title: Presentation to Mr & Mrs. Webster, Manchuria, 1889

description: “Tablet presented to Mr & Mrs Webster by Tieling members.” Exterior group portrait with James Webster and his wife standing on the right, both wearing winter clothes. A large banner is displayed in front of the windows of the building behind. The Rev. James Webster arrived in Manchuria in 1882 and helped establish a station at Tiehling, a walled city forty miles north of Shenyang [Moukden], in 1885, under the authority of Chiao one of the indigenous evangelists. Chiao was manhandled and the chapel damaged by opponents and Mr Ross and Mr Webster both received rough treatment in attempting to establish the station. The family was probably based in Shenyang at this time. The Rev. James Webster was appointed Joint Foreign Mission Secretary in 1910. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79380
title: Mr Wylie's house, Manchuria, 1889

description: "(J.A.W's.)house in Liaoyang". Exterior view of a single story structure showing the front door and two windows built in a Chinese style. The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894. He did much itinerant work and built upon the work of Old Wang who had been the ‘native evangelist’ in Liaoyang until his death in 1885. When the first Sino Japanese War (1894-1895) broke out troops were being gathered to send to Korea and suspicion of foreigners was heightened. In Liaoyang, on the 10 August 1894, a group of Chinese soldiers wrecked the U.P. chapel and attacked Mr Whylie, who died of his wounds several days later. Missionaries and foreigners then sought refuge in the port of Newchwang where many remained until the war ended the following year.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79385
title: Residence of Dr Thomas Young, Shenyang, 1889

description: “House in Moukden [Shenyang] with Watchman and Teacher standing in front.” Exterior view of single story mission house that combines Chinese and Western styles, two indigenous men stand at different points in front of the building. Dr Thomas M Young and his wife arrived in the Manchuria field in 1889 and were based at Moukden [Shenyang] but Mrs Young would die the next year. Dr Young would pioneer the mission at Shuang-cheng-pu in the Sungari district, situated in the north of Manchuria, in 1892. Moukden was the state capital and an important centre for mission activity with a number of schools, orphanages and medical facilities being established there, the work was built upon the efforts of indigenous evangelists Old Wang and Tang who started work there in 1876. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79405
title: Mission picnic, Manchuria, 1891

description: “Hunter, Robertson, Carson, [Fleming?], Wylie, [?], [Mc?], [Mr D?], Inglis, [Mrs A H?], [Douglas?], Gillespie.[L to R]”Group portrait of the men, women and children of the Manchuria field sitting on blankets at the base of a tree. The group possibly includes Irish Presbyterians as well as members of the United Presbyterian Church. James Wylie (1863-1894) sits in the middle left behind the child with the straw hat. Dr Inglis sit with his hat over his chest. ❧ The United Presbyterian Mission in Manchuria had been established by John Ross (1842-1915) when he entered the region in 1872. Shenyang [Moukden] became an important station in the interior and Hospitals, Schools and Orphanages were built there. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79735
title: Tana River, Tumutumu, Kenya, September 1926

description: "Tana River". Landscape view of Tana River in Tumutumu (British East Africa), situated to the South East of the region. The East Africa Scottish Mission [EASM], formed by the Imperial East Africa Company and not connected to any particular church, sent seven missionaries to Kenya in 1891. Tumutumu was established in 1908 by Rev. Henry Scott and Dr. John Arthur and is situated in the Central Highlands of Kenya, 130km north of Nairobi. The mission was set up as a clinic but soon expanded to include a school and church serving the Kikuyu population indigenous to the region. Arthur Ruffelle Barlow (1888-1965), the nephew of David Clement Ruffelle Scott (1853-1907) and co-editor of the first Kikuyu – English Dictionary, was the first resident missionary at Tumutumu. ❧ The mission trained carpenters and masons, a quarry was nearby.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79331
title: Teacher's House, Nagpur, India, ca.1937

description: "A Teacher's House and The Dispensary at Dhapewada (Saoner District)". External view of the dispensary building and indigenous peoples standing outside. Doctors at the site, such as Doctor Anna Martin and colleagues Sister Davidson and Doctor Young were able to issue medicines and to tend to patients from local villages from this dispensary building. Other treatments were carried out at the Mure Memorial Hospital, which was founded by Dr Agnes Elizabeth Henderson in 1889/90, contained several wards including a children’s’ and isolation wards. Daughter of Sir William Henderson, she arrived in Nagpur in 1890, and was put in charge of the hospital there. She retired from work in 1922 but continued to raise significant sums of money to extend the hospital and as a result new wards were constructed. Doctor Henderson died in December 1925, and as a tribute to her memory the Church at Nagpur was named after her.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79383
title: Water carrier, Liaoyang, China, 1889

description: “Watchman carrying water.” Portrait of an indigenous man standing outside with a pole over one shoulder. Hanging from each end of the pole are two large wooden buckets. The Watchman was probably employed by the mission in Liaoyang. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894. He did much itinerant work and built upon the work of Old Wang who had been the ‘native evangelist’ in Liaoyang until his death in 1885. When the first Sino Japanese War (1894-1895) broke out troops were being gathered to send to Korea and suspicion of foreigners was heightened. In Liaoyang, on the 10 August 1894, a group of Chinese soldiers wrecked the U.P. chapel and attacked Mr Whylie, who died of his wounds several days later. Missionaries and foreigners then sought refuge in the port of Newchwang where many remained until the war ended the following year.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79417
title: Missionary transport, Shenyang, ca.1889

description: “Large cart with straw-matting over head.” Exterior view of a large two wheeled cart loaded with supplies and accommodating two people. The cart is one of Mr MacIntyre’s which is making the journey from Shenyang [Moukden] to Haicheng. Mr MacIntyre was one of the first of the United Presbyterian ministers in the Manchuria field and was predominately based in Haicheng with his wife Catherine. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church of Scotland attempted to establish a mission in China in 1862 but it was not until the arrival of Dr John Ross in 1872 that real in roads were made into the Manchuria field. Stations were established at Shenyang [Moukden], Liaoyang, Haicheng and Newchwang, stretching from the coast to the far interior. Many stations and outstations were run by indigenous pastors who were often sent into hostile areas with little support. John Ross and John MacIntyre would take turns in travelling around the field doing evangelical and medical work. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79408
title: Tomb of Huang Taiji, Shenyang, ca.1889

description: “The North Tomb (where the father of the founder of the Manchu dynasty lies.)” Exterior view showing one of the buildings at the north tomb. ❧ The North Tomb in Shenyang is still a popular tourist attraction and is the burial place of Huang Taiji (1592-1643), founder of the Qing dynasty. Animal sculptures line the pathway to the tomb, also known as the Luminous Tomb, and it is the largest of the imperial tombs north of the great wall. It took eight years to build (1643-1651) and is situated in Beiling Park. ❧ The United Presbyterian Mission in Manchuria had been established by John Ross (1842-1915) when he entered the region in 1872. Shenyang [Moukden] became an important station in the interior and Hospitals, Schools and Orphanages were built there. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79406
title: Mission picnic, Manchuria, ca.1889

description: “[L to R] Dr Greig, Mrs Greig, Mr Webster, Cissy Webster, J A Wylie, Mr Fulton, Baby Webster, Mrs Webster, Mr Fairlay [Furley?].” Group portrait of the Webster family and other members of the Presbyterian missions in China. ❧ The United Presbyterian Mission in Manchuria had been established by John Ross (1842-1915) when he entered the region in 1872. Shenyang [Moukden] became an important station in the interior and Hospitals, Schools and Orphanages were built there. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79418
title: Mr MacIntyre on the road, Liaoning, China, ca.1889

description: Exterior view of a road, next to thick forest, where two horsemen are followed by two horse drawn carts. One of the horsemen is probably Mr MacIntyre. Mr MacIntyre is making the journey from Shenyang [Moukden] to Haicheng where he was based for most of his time in the Manchuria field. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church of Scotland attempted to establish a mission in China in 1862 but it was not until the arrival of Dr John Ross in 1872 that real in roads were made into the Manchuria field. Stations were established at Shenyang [Moukden], Liaoyang, Haicheng and Newchwang, stretching from the coast to the far interior. Many stations and outstations were run by indigenous pastors who were often sent into hostile areas with little support. John Ross and John MacIntyre would take turns in travelling around the field doing evangelical and medical work. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79416
title: Missionary transport, Shenyang, ca.1889

description: “Mr MacIntyre’s carts starting from Moukden [Shenyang] for Haicheng.” Exterior view of, two, two wheeled carts packed with supplies and each hitched to horses. Mr MacIntyre helped John Ross expand the Manchuria field and he was based in Haicheng, with his wife Catherine, for many years. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church of Scotland attempted to establish a mission in China in 1862 but it was not until the arrival of Dr John Ross in 1872 that real in roads were made into the Manchuria field. Stations were established at Shenyang [Moukden], Liaoyang, Haicheng and Newchwang, stretching from the coast to the far interior. Many stations and outstations were run by indigenous pastors who were often sent into hostile areas with little support. John Ross and John MacIntyre would take turns in travelling around the field doing evangelical and medical work. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79412
title: Beggars, Shenyang, 1889

description: “A large group of beggars, Oct. 1889.” Group portrait of a large number of indigent people, mainly children, who are famished and ragged. The flooding and famine of 1888 left a large number of children homeless and orphaned. The missions in Manchuria set up a number of facilities in an attempt to alleviate the problems. Mrs Ross and Mrs Webster set up orphanages in Shenyang [Moukden]. ❧ The United Presbyterian Mission in Manchuria had been established by John Ross (1842-1915) when he entered the region in 1872. Shenyang [Moukden] became an important station in the interior and Hospitals, Schools and Orphanages were built there. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79400
title: Mission compound, Shenyang, China, 1889

description: “[L to R] Dr Christie’s house. Hospital gate. House next Hospital. The small river in front of the terrace.” Landscape from a field, over a river and looking on a collection of buildings formed by the mission. Dr Dugald Christie (1855-1936) established a chain of dispensaries throughout Manchuria after being appointed to the Manchuria field in 1881. He was ultimately based in Shenyang [Moukden] and it was there that he founded the Moukden Free Hospital and also the Moukden Medical College where he encouraged the education of indigenous doctors and medical staff. He became a government medical advisor and helped to contain the spread of a plague outbreak in 1911 through proper quarantine procedures. He received decorations for meritorious service from three Emperors as well as numerous awards and commendations. His own recollections were published under the title;’ Thirty Years in Moukden, 1883-1913’. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79818
title: Collecting water, Zanzibar, ca.1908-1912

description: "Women fetching water Zanzibar". Group portrait showing five women and two children collecting water into pots from wells in the ground using ladles.