cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828305
title: Association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults: a meta-analysis and systematic review

description: To conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review on the association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults. Medical databases were searched included PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO and Google Scholar (up to December 7, 2022). Studies evaluating association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults were included. Studies without available data were excluded. We made meta-analysis by using adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I tool and statistical heterogeneity using the <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> statistic. Registration: INPLASY202330070. A total of six studies with 107,012 participants were included. Meta-analysis results showed that anticholinergic medication uses was related with an increased risk of pneumonia (aOR = 1.59; 95%CI, 1.32–1.92) and stroke-associated pneumonia (aOR = 2.02; 95%CI, 1.76–2.33). Moreover, risk estimates of pneumonia for high-potency anticholinergics (aOR = 1.96; 95%CI, 1.22–3.14) were higher than those for low-potency anticholinergics (aOR = 1.58; 95%CI, 1.27–1.97). And increased risk of pneumonia was associated with the anticholinergic medication uses within 30 days (aOR = 2.13; 95%CI, 1.33–3.43), within 90 days (aOR = 2.03; 95%CI, 1.26–3.26) and chronic use (aOR = 1.65; 95%CI, 1.09–2.51). The risk of pneumonia is increased in elderly adults with anticholinergic medication, especially with higher-potency anticholinergic drugs and in the initiation phase of anticholinergic medication. Clinicians should monitor their use in older patients carefully, especially when the pneumonia-related signs and symptoms are identified. Anticholinergic medication could increase the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults.The risk of pneumonia was higher in the initiation phase of anticholinergic medication and when the older patients was medicated with higher-potency anticholinergic drugs.Clinicians should monitor anticholinergic drugs use in older patients carefully, especially when the pneumonia-related signs and symptoms are identified. Anticholinergic medication could increase the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults. The risk of pneumonia was higher in the initiation phase of anticholinergic medication and when the older patients was medicated with higher-potency anticholinergic drugs. Clinicians should monitor anticholinergic drugs use in older patients carefully, especially when the pneumonia-related signs and symptoms are identified.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828305.v1
title: Association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults: a meta-analysis and systematic review

description: To conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review on the association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults. Medical databases were searched included PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO and Google Scholar (up to December 7, 2022). Studies evaluating association between anticholinergic medication uses and the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults were included. Studies without available data were excluded. We made meta-analysis by using adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I tool and statistical heterogeneity using the <i>I<sup>2</sup></i> statistic. Registration: INPLASY202330070. A total of six studies with 107,012 participants were included. Meta-analysis results showed that anticholinergic medication uses was related with an increased risk of pneumonia (aOR = 1.59; 95%CI, 1.32–1.92) and stroke-associated pneumonia (aOR = 2.02; 95%CI, 1.76–2.33). Moreover, risk estimates of pneumonia for high-potency anticholinergics (aOR = 1.96; 95%CI, 1.22–3.14) were higher than those for low-potency anticholinergics (aOR = 1.58; 95%CI, 1.27–1.97). And increased risk of pneumonia was associated with the anticholinergic medication uses within 30 days (aOR = 2.13; 95%CI, 1.33–3.43), within 90 days (aOR = 2.03; 95%CI, 1.26–3.26) and chronic use (aOR = 1.65; 95%CI, 1.09–2.51). The risk of pneumonia is increased in elderly adults with anticholinergic medication, especially with higher-potency anticholinergic drugs and in the initiation phase of anticholinergic medication. Clinicians should monitor their use in older patients carefully, especially when the pneumonia-related signs and symptoms are identified. Anticholinergic medication could increase the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults.The risk of pneumonia was higher in the initiation phase of anticholinergic medication and when the older patients was medicated with higher-potency anticholinergic drugs.Clinicians should monitor anticholinergic drugs use in older patients carefully, especially when the pneumonia-related signs and symptoms are identified. Anticholinergic medication could increase the risk of pneumonia in elderly adults. The risk of pneumonia was higher in the initiation phase of anticholinergic medication and when the older patients was medicated with higher-potency anticholinergic drugs. Clinicians should monitor anticholinergic drugs use in older patients carefully, especially when the pneumonia-related signs and symptoms are identified.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828310
title: Starch-based orodispersible film for diclofenac release

description: Abstract The form of drug administration affects the success of treatment, since it can influence adherence of the patient to the therapy. The use of orodispersible films has emerged as a way to overcome some drawbacks of conventional methods of drug delivery, especially for patients experiencing difficulty in swallowing. These films are prepared using a matrix that incorporates the drug and contains other substances that confer the properties of the system. The present work describes the use of thermoplastic starch as a carrier for the model drug diclofenac, including film preparation and testing of its orodispersible potential. Preparation of the film employed a microwave oven to gelatinize and plasticize corn starch, with incorporation of the model drug, followed by solvent-casting. The samples were characterized using mechanical tests, analyses of water uptake and water content, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the film presented promising properties as an alternative system for oral drug administration, with good incorporation and distribution of the drug in the matrix. The material displayed satisfactory mechanical properties, which are crucial for this type of material, due to the need for oral administration and handling before use.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828310.v1
title: Starch-based orodispersible film for diclofenac release

description: Abstract The form of drug administration affects the success of treatment, since it can influence adherence of the patient to the therapy. The use of orodispersible films has emerged as a way to overcome some drawbacks of conventional methods of drug delivery, especially for patients experiencing difficulty in swallowing. These films are prepared using a matrix that incorporates the drug and contains other substances that confer the properties of the system. The present work describes the use of thermoplastic starch as a carrier for the model drug diclofenac, including film preparation and testing of its orodispersible potential. Preparation of the film employed a microwave oven to gelatinize and plasticize corn starch, with incorporation of the model drug, followed by solvent-casting. The samples were characterized using mechanical tests, analyses of water uptake and water content, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the film presented promising properties as an alternative system for oral drug administration, with good incorporation and distribution of the drug in the matrix. The material displayed satisfactory mechanical properties, which are crucial for this type of material, due to the need for oral administration and handling before use.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828313
title: Measuring water retention in undisturbed samples of stony soils

description: ABSTRACT Stony soils have been increasingly used for agriculture production; however, little is known about their hydraulic properties due to problems, such as sample deformation and hydraulic continuity between samples and suction devices when the sampling and measurements are accomplished with traditional techniques. In this study, the traditional ring sampling technique was replaced by the sampling of undisturbed soil blocks coated with paraffin wax to preserve their structure. A saturated paste of fine-grained mineral particles was used to ensure contact and hydraulic continuity between samples and suction devices (sand table and ceramic plates). This allowed us to determine 30 water retention curves for three stony soils with coarse particle contents (&gt; 2 mm) ranging from zero to 69 %. The van Genuchten model was fitted to the measured retention data and the root mean square errors were between 0.0034 and 0.0331 m3 m–3, with no outliers or odd behavior in the retention curves. These results showed that consistent water retention curves for stony soils can be determined with the technique proposed. Fine-grained minerals sandwiched between the surface of suctions sources and sampled blocks improve hydraulic continuity between them. These techniques can be applied to determine water retention properties in structured soil samples with coarse particles where it is unfeasible to collect structured soil samples with metal sampling rings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828313.v1
title: Measuring water retention in undisturbed samples of stony soils

description: ABSTRACT Stony soils have been increasingly used for agriculture production; however, little is known about their hydraulic properties due to problems, such as sample deformation and hydraulic continuity between samples and suction devices when the sampling and measurements are accomplished with traditional techniques. In this study, the traditional ring sampling technique was replaced by the sampling of undisturbed soil blocks coated with paraffin wax to preserve their structure. A saturated paste of fine-grained mineral particles was used to ensure contact and hydraulic continuity between samples and suction devices (sand table and ceramic plates). This allowed us to determine 30 water retention curves for three stony soils with coarse particle contents (&gt; 2 mm) ranging from zero to 69 %. The van Genuchten model was fitted to the measured retention data and the root mean square errors were between 0.0034 and 0.0331 m3 m–3, with no outliers or odd behavior in the retention curves. These results showed that consistent water retention curves for stony soils can be determined with the technique proposed. Fine-grained minerals sandwiched between the surface of suctions sources and sampled blocks improve hydraulic continuity between them. These techniques can be applied to determine water retention properties in structured soil samples with coarse particles where it is unfeasible to collect structured soil samples with metal sampling rings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828312
title: NEURO-FUZZY MODELING AS SUPPORT FOR DECISION-MAKING IN THE PRODUCTION OF IRRIGATED CORIANDER UNDER MULCH IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION

description: ABSTRACT Reducing water consumption by crops in semi-arid regions is an important factor for the sustainability of agriculture in these locations. In this sense, this study aims to evaluate the neuro-fuzzy inference method as a support for decision-making in irrigated coriander cultivation. The experiment was performed in two cultivation cycles in Pentecoste-CE, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks arranged in a split-plot design with five primary treatments, consisting of irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the localized evapotranspiration, ETcloc), and five secondary treatments, consisting of different levels of bagana mulch (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, equivalent to 16 t ha−1). Neuro-fuzzy models with two input variables and eight output biometric variables were developed to evaluate growth (plant height, number of roots, and root length) and yield variables (productivity and shoot and root fresh and dry mass). In the first cycle, the best results occurred close to 55% ETcloc and between 40 and 50% of mulch; in the second cycle, water consumption returned results between 50 and 80% ETcloc. The fuzzy and multiple regression models showed MAE, MSE, and RMSE errors of 9, 22, and 10% lower, respectively. The neuro-fuzzy model might be a viable option for decision-making in irrigated crops, being able to optimize the use of natural resources and available water in semi-arid regions. The use of 55% of irrigation depth and a range of 40 to 50% of mulch can be a strategy for a higher water use efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828312.v1
title: NEURO-FUZZY MODELING AS SUPPORT FOR DECISION-MAKING IN THE PRODUCTION OF IRRIGATED CORIANDER UNDER MULCH IN THE SEMI-ARID REGION

description: ABSTRACT Reducing water consumption by crops in semi-arid regions is an important factor for the sustainability of agriculture in these locations. In this sense, this study aims to evaluate the neuro-fuzzy inference method as a support for decision-making in irrigated coriander cultivation. The experiment was performed in two cultivation cycles in Pentecoste-CE, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks arranged in a split-plot design with five primary treatments, consisting of irrigation depths (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150% of the localized evapotranspiration, ETcloc), and five secondary treatments, consisting of different levels of bagana mulch (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%, equivalent to 16 t ha−1). Neuro-fuzzy models with two input variables and eight output biometric variables were developed to evaluate growth (plant height, number of roots, and root length) and yield variables (productivity and shoot and root fresh and dry mass). In the first cycle, the best results occurred close to 55% ETcloc and between 40 and 50% of mulch; in the second cycle, water consumption returned results between 50 and 80% ETcloc. The fuzzy and multiple regression models showed MAE, MSE, and RMSE errors of 9, 22, and 10% lower, respectively. The neuro-fuzzy model might be a viable option for decision-making in irrigated crops, being able to optimize the use of natural resources and available water in semi-arid regions. The use of 55% of irrigation depth and a range of 40 to 50% of mulch can be a strategy for a higher water use efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828315
title: 3D-QSARpy: Combining variable selection strategies and machine learning techniques to build QSAR models

description: Abstract Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) is a computer-aided technology in the field of medicinal chemistry that seeks to clarify the relationships between molecular structures and their biological activities. Such technologies allow for the acceleration of the development of new compounds by reducing the costs of drug design. This work presents 3D-QSARpy, a flexible, user-friendly and robust tool, freely available without registration, to support the generation of QSAR 3D models in an automated way. The user only needs to provide aligned molecular structures and the respective dependent variable. The current version was developed using Python with packages such as scikit-learn and includes various techniques of machine learning for regression. The diverse techniques employed by the tool is a differential compared to known methodologies, such as CoMFA and CoMSIA, because it expands the search space of possible solutions, and in this way increases the chances of obtaining relevant models. Additionally, approaches for select variables (dimension reduction) were implemented in the tool. To evaluate its potentials, experiments were carried out to compare results obtained from the proposed 3D-QSARpy tool with the results from already published works. The results demonstrated that 3D-QSARpy is extremely useful in the field due to its expressive results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828315.v1
title: 3D-QSARpy: Combining variable selection strategies and machine learning techniques to build QSAR models

description: Abstract Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) is a computer-aided technology in the field of medicinal chemistry that seeks to clarify the relationships between molecular structures and their biological activities. Such technologies allow for the acceleration of the development of new compounds by reducing the costs of drug design. This work presents 3D-QSARpy, a flexible, user-friendly and robust tool, freely available without registration, to support the generation of QSAR 3D models in an automated way. The user only needs to provide aligned molecular structures and the respective dependent variable. The current version was developed using Python with packages such as scikit-learn and includes various techniques of machine learning for regression. The diverse techniques employed by the tool is a differential compared to known methodologies, such as CoMFA and CoMSIA, because it expands the search space of possible solutions, and in this way increases the chances of obtaining relevant models. Additionally, approaches for select variables (dimension reduction) were implemented in the tool. To evaluate its potentials, experiments were carried out to compare results obtained from the proposed 3D-QSARpy tool with the results from already published works. The results demonstrated that 3D-QSARpy is extremely useful in the field due to its expressive results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828316
title: Encapsulation of benznidazole in nanostructured lipid carriers and increased trypanocidal activity in a resistant Trypanosoma cruzi strain

description: Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, whose treatment has remained unsatisfactory for over 50 years, given that it is limited to two drugs. Benznidazole (BZN) is an efficient antichagasic drug used as the first choice, although its poor water-solubility, irregular oral absorption, low efficacy in the chronic phase, and various associated adverse effects are limiting factors for treatment. Incorporating drugs with such characteristics into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) is a promising alternative to overcome these limiting obstacles, enhancing drug efficacy and bioavailability while reducing toxicity. Therefore, this study proposed NLC-BZN formulations in different compositions prepared by hot-melt homogenization followed by ultrasound, and the optimized formulation was characterized by FTIR, DRX, DSC, and thermogravimetry. Biological activities included in vitro membrane toxicity (red blood cells), fibroblast cell cytotoxicity, and trypanocidal activity against epimastigotes of the Colombian strain of T. cruzi. The optimized NLC-BZN had a small size (110 nm), negative zeta potential (-18.0 mV), and high encapsulation (1.64% of drug loading), as shown by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. The NLC-BZN also promoted lower in vitro membrane toxicity (&lt;3% hemolysis), and 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) for NLC-BZN in L929 fibroblast cells (110.7 µg/mL) was twice the value as the free BZN (51.3 µg/mL). Our findings showed that the NLC-BZN had higher trypanocidal activity than free BZN against the epimastigotes of the resistant Colombian strain, and this novel NLC-BZN formulation proved to be a promising tool in treating Chagas disease and considered suitable for oral and parenteral administration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828316.v1
title: Encapsulation of benznidazole in nanostructured lipid carriers and increased trypanocidal activity in a resistant Trypanosoma cruzi strain

description: Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, whose treatment has remained unsatisfactory for over 50 years, given that it is limited to two drugs. Benznidazole (BZN) is an efficient antichagasic drug used as the first choice, although its poor water-solubility, irregular oral absorption, low efficacy in the chronic phase, and various associated adverse effects are limiting factors for treatment. Incorporating drugs with such characteristics into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) is a promising alternative to overcome these limiting obstacles, enhancing drug efficacy and bioavailability while reducing toxicity. Therefore, this study proposed NLC-BZN formulations in different compositions prepared by hot-melt homogenization followed by ultrasound, and the optimized formulation was characterized by FTIR, DRX, DSC, and thermogravimetry. Biological activities included in vitro membrane toxicity (red blood cells), fibroblast cell cytotoxicity, and trypanocidal activity against epimastigotes of the Colombian strain of T. cruzi. The optimized NLC-BZN had a small size (110 nm), negative zeta potential (-18.0 mV), and high encapsulation (1.64% of drug loading), as shown by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analysis. The NLC-BZN also promoted lower in vitro membrane toxicity (&lt;3% hemolysis), and 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) for NLC-BZN in L929 fibroblast cells (110.7 µg/mL) was twice the value as the free BZN (51.3 µg/mL). Our findings showed that the NLC-BZN had higher trypanocidal activity than free BZN against the epimastigotes of the resistant Colombian strain, and this novel NLC-BZN formulation proved to be a promising tool in treating Chagas disease and considered suitable for oral and parenteral administration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22828318
title: Functional performance indicators associated with hypertension in older people

description: Abstract Introduction During aging, changes occur in the human body that increase the probability of arterial hypertension which can potentiate deleterious effects on functional performance. Objective To analyze the association of functional performance indicators with hypertension in older people. Methods An epidemiological, population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 209 older adults (58.40% women). Functional performance was assessed by the following tests: handgrip strength; chair stand test; arm curl test; timed up and go (TUG); sit and reach test; and step in place test (SPT). Diagnosis of arterial hypertension was self-reported. Results The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 58.90% (males: 51.70%; females: 63.90%). It was also observed that the hypertensive individuals of both sexes had worse performance in SPT and TUG (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, it was found that each additional second for TUG increased by 11% the probability of hypertension in men (PR:1.11; 95%CI: 1.03-1.20) and by 7% in women (PR: 1.07; 95%CI: 1.04-1.12), while each step performed in the SPT decreased the probability for the outcome by 2% (men and women = PR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.97-0.99). Conclusion TUG was found to be positively associated with hypertension, while SPT was inversely associated with hypertension.