cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.51
title: Framework for phasing out electric shower water heater for Thailand

description: The power capacity (kW) of instantaneous electric shower unit water heater is generally 5-10 times greater than the substitution technology i.e. compact heat pumps and hot water solar collectors. The compact heat pumps is good for the available power grid area whereas the hot water solar collector is suitable for both grid and off grid area. The morning and evening peak demand from hot water showering could be cut by the substitution technology. In view of energy policy of the country, the phasing out of electric shower unit water heater must be done. For Thailand, the Ministry of Energy is the responsible organization for phasing out. The phasing out must be in the form of the slightly change because the existing manufacturer of the electric shower unit water heater need time for adaptation to the market transformation.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.52
title: Outdoor test of Si-based photovoltaic system for estimation of output energy in Japan

description: Currently the value of photovoltaic (PV) modules is evaluated by power rating given by energy conversion efficiency under the standard test condition (STC), i.e., incident solar irradiance: 1kW/m2; solar spectrum distribution: AM1.5G; module temperature: 25?C; and the total area of the PV modules. The output power of the PV modules is greatly influenced by environmental factors which can change every minute outdoor. Thus, the evaluation at the one fixed condition cannot accurately rate the real value of the PV modules. Also, the impact of the environmental factors is different on different PV technologies such as crystalline Si and thin-film Si PV technologies. In this study, we demonstrate how to evaluate the output power of various kinds of Si-based PV modules under real working condition using contour maps. Also, we propose one of the promising methods for energy rating, which is the method for the rating of the PV modules by output energy in certain period and conditions, using the contour maps.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.53
title: Photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water with metal loaded strontium titanate nanofibers

description: Hydrogen production rate via photocatalytic water-splitting of strontium titanate nanofibers was improved via silver and cobalt loading. The loading of the metal salts was achieved via photodeposition and co-electrospinning. The metal loaded photocatalysts were characterized via field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy, and photo-electron yield spectroscopy. Hydrogen production rates were found to be improved up to as high as 2.5 mmol h-1 g-1 for Co2+ loading and as high as 1.8 mmol h-1 g-1 for Ag+ loading. The improvement photocatalytic rates were majorly attributed to the change in electronical properties of SrTiO3 with the loading of the metals.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.54
title: Wave Energy Resource Assessment for Southeast Asia

description: Wind-generated ocean waves have the potential of contributing a significant amount of renewable energy. The conversion of ocean waves into sustainable electrical power has been increasingly concerned and the need for wave energy resource assessment therefore becomes essential. This paper explores the wave energy potential of Southeast Asia (SEA) by applying numerical wind-wave modelling. In particular, the spectral wave model with SEA domain and resolutions between 1? and 100m was run for one-year period. The boundary conditions were obtained from another spectral wave model with the coarser mesh of Indo-Western Pacific domain, comprising of the Indian Ocean and part of western Pacific Ocean ranges between 20? to 140? E and 60? S to 35? N. The modelling output presents the map of annual mean wave power of the region and it reveals that wave power is highest in the western side of Sumatra island, the Andaman Sea part offshore of Myanmar, followed by the South China Sea area between Vietnam and the Philippines. Within the Singapore Strait, wave energy is found to be strongest in the southeast, and showing the greatest magnitude during northeast monsoon.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.55
title: Energy saving potential in non-metallic industry in Thailand

description: In 2012, the industrial sector in Thailand consumed 36.7% of the total final energy, which increased 8.26% from the previous year. The major energy consumed in this sector was electricity, sharing 26.0% of its energy consumption, followed by coal & lignite, renewable energy, petroleum products, natural gas and traditional renewable energy respectively. Non-metallic industry is one of the large energy consumers in Thailand and is likely to increase its energy consumption due to the continuing expansion of the economy. Therefore it is necessary to promote energy conservation and energy efficiency in the industry. Factories in the non-metallic industry can be divided into 3 main groups; cement production, ceramic production, and glass production. Specific energy consumptions (SEC) for factories in the nonmetallic industry are calculated and plotted from the best to the worst against their productions. Those factories with higher SECs than the world best have the potentials to improve their energy efficiency. Cumulative energy saving potential for the factories constitutes the country energy saving potential for the non-metallic industry. SECs for glass and ceramic industries in the country are larger than the world best, which indicate possibility in energy efficiency improvement and energy saving potential. SEC for cement industry in the country is smaller than the world best, which implies that Thai cement industry is among the world leaders in energy efficiency.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.56
title: Electricity saving potential and carbon dioxide emission reduction in PVC industry in Thailand

description: It was reported that petrochemical sector in Thailand consumes 15% to 17% of the total industrial sector's energy consumption. Plastic resin industry in Thailand is one of the downstream sub-sectors of the petrochemical sector, which shares approximately 21% of the energy use of the sector. It is important for the industry to encourage the efficient energy management initiatives in order to minimize the energy cost and to maximize the benefit. In addition to the gain of energy conservation and higher energy efficiency, this will enhance the capability of the industry to compete with the same industry in the global scale. The objective of this research is to analyze the energy efficiency by evaluating the specific energy consumption (SEC) and the energy saving potential of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin industry in Thailand. The analysis consists of four steps. First, the 2013 baseline for energy and material use in PVC resin industry is established. Secondly, the characterization of energy-efficient technologies to improve energy efficiency is discussed, and the potential applications and impacts of these measures are determined. In addition, scaling up the saving energy from each measure and constructing conservation supply curve (CSC) to assess the economic potential for energy efficiency improvement in Thai PVC resin industry are performed. The result shows that the total technical and the cost effective (economic potential) of electricity-efficiency potential for the Thai PVC resin industry in 2013 is estimated to be about 25,355 and 16,625 megawatt-hours (MWh) respectively. Moreover, the economic potential and the total technical of carbon dioxide emission reduction are 10,654 and 6,986 tCO2, respectively.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.57
title: Effects of refrigerant circuiting of fin-and-tube condenser on performances of an inverter air conditioner using ozone-friendly refrigerants as alternatives to R-22

description: This paper presents the investigation of the proper refrigerant circuiting in the finned tube condenser for an inverter air conditioner. The experimental study was carried out with four coil configurations using R-22, R-407C, R-417A, R-404A and R-507 under a variety of refrigerant flow conditions. The test results indicate that refrigerant path arrangement affects the performance of variable capacity system significantly. The efficiency of retrofitted system could be improved by using the inner-split configuration with R-417A for a wide range of frequency, although Z-type path and upstreamsplit configurations would give better performances at low and high ranges of frequency, respectively. The finned-U tube models were developed using tube-by-tube and segment-by-segment algorithms comparatively. The simplified model with tube-by-tube method can predict capacities with acceptable accuracy level.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4911478
title: Particulate matter and composition data

description: This dataset contains the particulate matter and composition data in Tianjin, China.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4911477
title: Particulate matter and composition data

description: This dataset contains the particulate matter and composition data in Tianjin, China.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.58
title: Investigation of appropriate refrigerant circuiting of fin-and-tube evaporator in an inverter air conditioner using ozone-friendly refrigerants as alternatives to R-22

description: In this study, the effects of evaporator circuiting on the system performance of inverter air conditioner were investigated. Four evaporator configurations were tested using R-22, R-407C, R-417A, R-404A and R-507. The experimental results indicate that although the refrigerant circuiting is almost arranged properly with counter-cross flow configuration, however, the performance of R-407C and R-417A coils could be improved by parallel-cross flow configuration. This result is somewhat smaller at a low range of frequency. The two-circuit coil gives the maximum improvement in COP with lowest frequency. The three-inlet two-outlet configuration using R-417A can be properly used as substitute for the conventional configuration with R-22 under a wider range of frequency. This work also developed the improved models using tube-by-tube and segment-by-segment algorithms that are applicable to evaporator with complex circuitry under a wide range of refrigerant flow rate. The tube-by-tube- method has been found to suitably predict the experimental results.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.59
title: Energy use amongst 'new modern energy consumers' in the Greater Mekong Sub-region

description: Energy consumption is expected to rise over the next century, and much of this increased demand will be located in Asia. In particular, it is the emerging middle classes who are expected to drive future consumption patterns. This paper presents the results of a household survey that investigated energy consumption and energy efficiency amongst 'new Modern Energy CONsumers' in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam). New modern energy consumers are defined as those who live on US$2-5 per day, and who have access to electricity. This paper focuses on patterns of household energy consumption (for cooking, lighting and appliances), and awareness of energy efficiency. It finds that fuel stacking is common practice amongst this income group, both for cooking and lighting, and that biomass continues to be a widely-used cooking fuel. The use of electrical appliances, such as cookstoves, mobile phones and refrigerators, is also common across the five countries. Operating costs are an important factor for households, while energy efficiency labels have a positive influence on purchasing behaviours. This paper concludes that further work will be required to raise awareness of energy efficiency labels.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.60
title: Does gender influence energy efficient decisions in low-income households in GMS countries?

description: This paper studies influence of gender in energy efficient decisions in low-income households through a household questionnaire survey analysis. The study focuses on a particular consumer group, Modern Energy CONsumers (MECON), defined as those who has access to electricity but still poor with an income range of 2-5$/person/day in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) countries, namely Cambodia, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. The diversity of social structures, culture and policy regimes across GMS countries may have some gender influence in household energy decisions. Understanding influence of gender in household's energy decision will help designing strategies, targeting a particular gender, to increase uptake of energy efficient appliances in low-income households. The analysis show that in three of the four countries analyzed in this paper, those households where man takes energy decision have relatively high share of CFL lamps than that of the households where woman takes energy decisions. Analysis further shows that it was mostly men who has seen an energy label before. In contrast, analysis shows that energy labels influence mostly women in their energy decisions than that of men.
DOI: 10.5526/erdr-00000138
title: Light, power, action! Interaction of respiratory energy and blue light induced stomatal movements
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.61
title: Residential loads management by considering households' satisfactory levels for smart meter applications

description: In order to aim the target of using green energy resources in many countries, not only are energy harvesting technologies installed but demand side energy management has to be also implemented. With the fact that different person has different lifestyle; therefore, in this paper, satisfactory factor from households will be considered in residential loads management procedure. Loads will be shifted in order to avoid peak time period to off peak time while keeping the highest satisfactory score of users. The results show that after applying the procedure to 30 households in Tha Sala district, Nakhon Si Thammarat province, Thailand, overall price of electricity bills reduce at 2.17% with 95.6% satisfactory score by shifting only freely shiftable loads and the bills reduce at 6.22% with 87% satisfactory score by shifting all shiftable loads. It affirms that the procedure can be developed to be the algorithm for smart meters which will encourage households to attend the demand side management program as each household which has different lifestyles will be treated in their ways instead of using identical smart meter for all households having different ways of living.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.62
title: Trend of final energy intensity changes in Lao PDR

description: While being developed, Lao society and economy have gradually shifted from agricultural-based to service-industrial oriented one. As a result, final energy consumptions are also rapidly changing. The paper studied a trend of changes in final energy intensity by looking at sector-wide energy demand and contribution shares in Gross Domestic Products. It was found that intensity of total final energy consumption in Lao PDR gradually decreased during about the last decade, which was considered as a good trend. This was resulted of fast stable economic growth and comparatively slow growth in energy demand. Furthermore, Lao economy still relays mainly on less-energy intensive economic sectors, such as services and traditional agriculture. Although Energy intensity of the Industry, transportation and services sectors has decreasing trend, but slowed down in recent years. Moreover, energy intensity of agricultural sector has increasing trend. All these facts give a ground for thinking that in the future, when socio-economic development of the country will reach higher level, there will be more energy consuming activities, then energy demand will increase while economic growth will slow down, and therefore, energy intensity is to increase. Knowledge on trend of energy consumption changes would be useful for predicting energy demand and securing energy supply in the future.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.63
title: Reducing cooling requirement by using cladding for external walls ventilated at rear

description: The choice of building components can significantly influence the energy performance of buildings. In cold climates building components determine the dimensions of transmission and ventilation heat loss and are crucial to thermal comfort. On the other hand, the amount of solar heat gain in hot climates depends on the building components as well. Transparent components have a higher influence and play a more important role for heating up buildings than nontransparent (opaque) components do. Therefore more research has been conducted on transparent building components until now. Research on claddings has been neglected, even though it could prove to have a substantial influence on energy savings with respect to cooling. Claddings for external walls ventilated at rear (opaque) are characterized in their thermal behavior primarily by the properties of thermal insulation material and the micro-climatic conditions in the air layer. In summer situations, the temperature differences between surface temperature, exterior and interior and also the air gap temperature cause stack-effects. Therefore, a higher air mass flow for the air gap is expected. As a result, it can be supposed that the heat from the exterior layered cladding is reduced by heat transportation of the airflow. This paper deals with experimental studies to investigate and calculate the volumetric air flow of claddings for external walls ventilated at rear and their influence on reducing the cooling requirement. For this purpose, different cladding surfaces have been investigated.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.64
title: Ray tracing method for simulating daylight transmission through tubular light pipes with anidolic concentrator

description: Light pipes can bring both daylight from the sun and daylight from the sky into deep interior spaces of a building. However, light pipes are still considered costly. Adding an anidolic concentrator at the entry port of a light pipe will increase daylight capture and may reduce the overall cost per unit of delivered daylight flux, especially for long pipes or pipes with bends. This paper presents results of modeling, and simulation of transmission of beam daylight through tubular light pipes. Analytic method is used for tracing light rays from the sun and sources in the sky zones through the anidolic concentrator to the straight sections of a pipe through to the exit port. The vertical curvature surface of the anidolic concentrator is modelled as a parabolic section. The algorithms are coded in a MATLAB program. The results show that the concentration ratio of a concentrator is a function of its acceptance angle and the reflectance of its surface. The method can be used for analysis and design of such system.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.65
title: Study of current energy efficiency status and the barriers to effective energy efficiency practices for low-income households in Myanmar

description: In Myanmar, only 30% of the total population has an access to electricity and still utilizing the direct burning firewood- Biomass energy (65.5%) as the main source of energy at most of the rural areas. This study find out the evidence base current household energy usage and to identify the barriers to adoption of Energy efficiency technologies, measures and policies amongst the low-income households in Myanmar. The result indicated that the decision of how much percentage of the income will be spending for energy and what type of appliance will be used for low-income household including the barriers such as; electricity distribution system, bill payments, financial matters, educational level, information, availability of EE appliances in the market and their prices etc. As a conclusion, this study reveals the current status of energy use, the energy efficiency status and barriers for the effective energy efficiency practices for the low-income households in Myanmar and lead to find out the best solutions in order to reduce the energy poverty in the country. The energy policy makers could refer on this study when they consider the suitable policies for the low-income households.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.66
title: Efficient electrical home appliance supply chain for low income household in Thailand

description: Energy efficient (EE) household appliances are considered as one of important players to reduce energy consumption in the residential sector. Price and accessibility of EE appliances are still a crucial concern for low income household in Thailand. While there are several energy efficiency policies for producers and end-users, only few polices for retailers and wholesalers have been implemented in Thailand. A gap of EE distribution to low income household can partially be caused because of a lack of EE policy addressing the supply chain. Energy efficiency policy could focus more on retailer and wholesaler shops by introducing financial support and knowledge training. Providing business network and simplified information on EE to retailers could also help spreading out the benefit of using EE products directly to endusers. Policy integration of enforcement Minimum Energy Performance (MEP) and Standard Offer Program (SOP) for retailers and wholesalers could contribute to the EE supply chain improvement in the future.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.67
title: Household energy consumption perspectives for MECON group in Laos

description: Household energy consumption of New Modern Energy CONsumbers (MECON) group in Lao PDR is presented in this paper. MECON group is group of people earning between 60-150 USD per month and electrified household with monthly electricity bill less than 7 USD. The forecasted household energy consumption is very important in Laos because household sector represents the highest energy consumption comparing to other sectors. Therefore, energy consumption in household for MECON group is considered for case study for energy policy and planning for household sector because it is the second largest share after the low income group. LEAP is used as tool to simulate the energy consumption in MECON group in LAOS for up to the year 2030.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.68
title: Daylighting through external vertical slats on east windowed fa?ade in a tropical climate

description: In the tropics, daylighting from a side window requires shading to intercept direct sunlight from the window whilst allowing penetration of daylight from sky. In this paper, daylighting from external vertical slats was investigated for which they are equipped on east-facing window of a room. Full-scale experiments and simulations were conducted to characterize distribution of the interior daylight from the slat window under a real tropical climate. Performance of the slat window was evaluated in terms of the "Useful daylight illuminance" (UDI), interior daylight availability and light power density (LPD) of an integrated dimmable lighting system. Using our tropical records of daylight illuminance, the simulation results show that altering properly the tilted angle of the vertical slats with the same configuration as that of the experimental room can improve the interior daylight illuminance and distribution and can save about 75% of electric energy from dimmable lighting.