DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pvmcvdnmb
title: Widespread coexistence of self-compatible and self-incompatible phenotypes in a diallelic self-incompatibility system in Ligustrum vulgare (Oleaceae)

description: The breakdown of self-incompatibility (SI) in angiosperms is one of the
 most commonly observed evolutionary transitions. While multiple examples
 of SI breakdown have been documented in natural populations, there is
 strikingly little evidence of stable within-population polymorphism with
 both inbreeding (self-compatible) and outcrossing (self-incompatible)
 individuals. This absence of breeding system polymorphism corroborates
 theoretical expectations that predict that in/outbreeding polymorphism is
 possible only under very restricted conditions. However, theory also
 predicts that a diallelic sporophytic SI system should facilitate the
 maintenance of such polymorphism. We tested this prediction by studying
 the breeding system of Ligustrum vulgare L., an insect pollinated
 hermaphroditic species of the Oleaceae family. Using stigma tests with
 controlled pollination and paternity assignment of open-pollinated
 progenies, we confirmed the existence of two self-incompatibility groups
 in this species. We also demonstrated the occurrence of self-compatible
 individuals in different populations of Western Europe arising from a
 mutation affecting the functioning of the pollen component of SI. Our
 results show that the observed low frequency of self-compatible
 individuals in natural populations is compatible with theoretical
 predictions only if inbreeding depression is very high.
description: This dataset contains phenotypic and genotypic data collected in
 an experimental population of <em>Ligutrum vulgare. </em>The
 species has a rare mating system, a sporophytic diallelic
 self-incompatibility system (only two compatibility groups, named
 G<sub>A</sub> and G<sub>B</sub> can be observed
 <em>in natura</em>). This was confirmed using two approaches :
 (1) stigma tests, where stigmas collected on all individuals in the
 experimental population were tested with self-pollen, pollen from a
 G<sub>A</sub> tester genotype and pollen from a
 G<sub>B</sub> tester genotype and (2) paternity analysis on
 offspring produced by open-pollination in the experimental
 population. Phenotypic data (i.e. results from stigma
 tests) was collected on 125 adult shrubs. Genotypic
 data corresponds to multilocus nuclear microsatellite data, obtained for
 125 adults and 1209 offspring from the experimental population (5 nuclear
 microsatellites).
description: Column names and contents of the 3 sub-datasets are described
 below. -&gt; Sub-data-set 1 :
 Adult_Phenotypes.txt ID : Name of the plant<br>
 Pop : Full name of the population of origin<br> Pop_ID : Identifier
 of the population of origin<br> Region : Region of the population of
 origin<br> Country : Country of the population of origin<br>
 Phenotype : Results of the stigma tests, with four possible outcomes (GA :
 incompatible from the GA group, GB : incompatible from the GB group, GA-SF
 : self-compatible from the GA group and NT : not tested)
 -&gt; Sub-data-set 2 : Adult_Genotypes.txt
 ID : Name of the plant<br> Pop : Full name of the
 population of origin<br> Pop_ID : Identifier of the population of
 origin<br> Region : Region of the population of origin<br>
 Country : Country of the population of origin<br> Lv01 to Lv19 :
 diallelic genotypes for the five nuclear microsatellites that were used in
 the study - missing data is coded as "000"
 -&gt; Sub-data-set 3 : Offspring_Genotypes.txt
 Offspring_ID : Name of the offspring<br> Mother_ID : Name
 of the mother plant (i.e. plant on which the offspring was
 collected)<br> Tissue : Type of tissue that was used for DNA
 extractions (either "Embryo" or "Leaf"
 tissue)<br> Lv01 to Lv19 : diallelic genotypes for the five nuclear
 microsatellites that were used in the study- missing data is coded as
 "000"