cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fq18t
title: Data from: Geographic shifts in the effects of habitat size on trophic structure and decomposition

description: Habitat size is known to affect community structure and ecosystem
 function, but few studies have examined the underlying mechanisms over
 sufficient size gradients or in enough geographic contexts to determine
 their generality. Our goal in this study was to determine if the
 relationship between habitat size and leaf decomposition varied across
 geographic sites, and which factors may be driving the differences. We
 conducted replicated observations in a coastal forest in Brazil, and in
 rainforests in Costa Rica and Puerto Rico. We used leaf litter
 decomposition and macroinvertebrate composition in bromeliad phytotelmata
 of varying sizes to determine the relationships between habitat size,
 trophic structure and decomposition over a wide geographical range. We
 experimentally disentangled the effects of site and litter quality by
 quantifying invertebrate control of decomposition of a native and a
 transplanted litter type within one site. We found that the relationship
 between bromeliad size and decomposition rates differed among study sites.
 In rainforests in Costa Rica and Puerto Rico, decomposition was strongly
 linked to macroinvertebrate trophic structure, which varies with bromeliad
 size, driving strong bromeliad size-decomposition relationships. However,
 in Brazil there was no relationship between bromeliad size and
 decomposition. Our manipulative experiment suggests that within coastal
 forest in Brazil, the poor quality of native litter resulted in little
 invertebrate control of decomposition. Furthermore, the key detritivore in
 this site builds a predator-resistant case, which likely prevented effects
 of bromeliad size on trophic structure from being transmitted to
 decomposition even when litter quality was increased. We conclude that
 differences in both leaf litter quality and macroinvertebrate traits among
 sites determine the link between decomposition and macroinvertebrates, and
 consequently the decomposition-bromeliad size relationship. These results
 show that the response of decomposition to habitat size is
 context-dependent, and depends on which component of the food web is the
 main driver of the function.
description: LeCraw_Ecography_LeafMass_BromSizeDecomposition rate experiment; Figure 1 Raw leaf mass data from leaf packs in all three experimental sites. Table headings: Site – Experimental Site M0_g – Starting dry leaf mass Mt_g – Final dry leaf mass T_days – length of experiment in days Brom_capacity_mL – Maximum water holding capacity of bromeliad K – Exponential decay constant calculated as (ln(start)-ln(final))/daysLeCraw_Ecography_LeafSp_DecompLeaf litter species comparisons; Figure 2 Raw leaf mass data from leaf species experiment in Brazil. Table headings: Brom_capacity_ml – Maximum water holding capacity of bromeliad Leaf_Sp – Leaf Species identified by genus Mesh – Mesh size of leaf packs M0_g – Starting dry leaf mass Mt_g – Final dry leaf mass (experiment duration 30 days)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.30dn3
title: Data from: There is more to pollinator-mediated selection than pollen limitation

description: Spatial variation in pollinator-mediated selection (Δβpoll) is a major
 driver of floral diversification, but we lack a quantitative understanding
 of its link to pollen limitation and net selection on floral traits. For
 2-5 years, we quantified Δβpoll on floral traits in two populations each
 of two orchid species differing in pollen limitation. In both species,
 spatio-temporal variation in Δβpoll explained much of the variation in net
 selection. Selection was consistently stronger and the proportion that was
 pollinator-mediated was higher in the severely pollen-limited deceptive
 species than in the rewarding species. Within species, variation in pollen
 limitation could not explain variation in Δβpoll for any trait, indicating
 that factors influencing the functional relationship between trait
 variation and pollination success govern a major part of the observed
 variation in Δβpoll. Separating the effects of variation in mean
 interaction intensity and in the functional significance of traits will be
 necessary to understand spatio-temporal variation in selection exerted by
 the biotic environment.
description: Multiyear selection
 estimates in Dactylorhiza lapponica and Gymnadenia
 conopseaPollen limitation,
 variance in relative fitness, and estimates of linear selection gradients
 in open-pollinated and hand-pollinated plants of Dactylorhiza lapponica
 and Gymnadenia conopseaDryad MS
 13-0868_R1.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1d67r
title: Data from: Genotype × environment interaction in the allometry of body, genitalia, and signal traits in Enchenopa treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae)

description: Developmental plasticity may promote divergence by exposing genetic
 variation to selection in novel ways in new environments. We tested for
 this effect in the static allometry (i.e., scaling on body size) of traits
 in advertisement signals, body and genitalia. We used a member of the
 Enchenopa binotata species complex of treehoppers - a clade of
 plant–feeding insects in which speciation is associated with colonization
 of novel environments involving marked divergence in signals, subtle
 divergence in body size and shape, and no apparent divergence in
 genitalia. We found no change in mean allometric slopes across
 environments, but substantial genetic variation and genotype × environment
 interaction (G×E) in allometry. The allometry of signal traits showed the
 most genetic variation and G×E, and that of genitalia showed the weakest
 G×E. Our findings suggest that colonizing novel environments may have
 stronger diversifying consequences for signal allometry than for genitalia
 allometry.
description: reaction norms for
 allometric slopesExcel spread
 sheet
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p5q4ph6
title: Data from: The taxonomic utility of micromorphology in Lepidaploa (Vernonieae: Asteraceae)

description: Lepidaploa belongs to tribe Vernonieae, one of the most complex tribes of
 Asteraceae, and relationships among Lepidaploa and related genera are
 poorly understood. Microcharacters may be of taxonomic value and used in
 the identification of different taxonomic categories. [DM1]The morphology
 of phyllaries, florets and cypselae was analysed in detail for the first
 time in 23 species of Lepidaploa to evaluate the reliability of
 microcharacters as taxonomic markers. The results were also discussed in
 relation to closely related genera of the Vernonieae. The species were
 studied using stereo, light, and scanning electron microscopy. Eight
 trichome types (non–glandular and glandular) were observed on phyllaries,
 florets and cypselae. This study demonstrates that the ocurrence in
 different combinations of trichome types and crystals, presence of a
 stylar basal node, idioblasts and glandular apical anther appendages are
 taxonomically important to differentiate between related species of
 Lepidaploa. However, they are of little utility to distinguish between
 closely related genera of Vernonieae.
description: Supplementary material
 Appendix 1Table A1- Data matrix of
 Lepidaploa taxa here analysed.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j574gb3
title: Data from: Severity of impacts of an introduced species corresponds with regional eco-evolutionary experience

description: Invasive plant impacts vary widely across introduced ranges. We tested the
 hypothesis that differences in the eco-evolutionary experience of native
 communities with the invader correspond with the impacts of invasive
 species on native vegetation, with impacts increasing with ecological
 novelty. We compared plant species richness and composition beneath Pinus
 contorta to that in adjacent vegetation and other P. contorta stands
 across a network of sites in its native (Canada and USA) and non-native
 (Argentina, Chile, Finland, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden) ranges. At
 sites in North America and Europe, within the natural distribution of the
 genus Pinus, P. contorta was not associated with decreases in diversity.
 In the Southern Hemisphere, where there are no native Pinaceae, plant
 communities beneath P. contorta were less diverse than in other regions
 and compared to uninvaded native vegetation. Effects on native vegetation
 were particularly pronounced where P. contorta was a more novel life form
 and exhibited higher growth rates. Our results support the hypothesis that
 the eco-evolutionary experience of the native vegetation, and thus the
 novelty of the invader, determines the magnitude of invader impacts on
 native communities. Understanding the eco-evolutionary context of
 invasions will help to better understand and predict where invasion
 impacts will be greatest and to prioritize invasive species management.
description: Stand
 dataThis file contains the
 mean species richness, litter depth, Pinus contorta growth rate, and basal
 area of each stand sampled in the study. The values are the means of 10
 2x2 m plots that were randomly located in each stand. At each site there
 was a Pinus contorta stand and a stand of non-Pinus contorta vegetation.
 We use the term "stand" for simplicity but the other vegetation
 types could include other forest types, plantations, shrublands or
 grasslands. The vegetation type of each stand is noted. The location of
 each site is also noted.Davis_et_al_plot_data.csv
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18385300
title: Data related to Dual-functionality of NiSe2-CoSe2 nanowires for electrochemical charge storage and efficient thermal energy conversion

description: These are the raw data files associated with the publication "Dual-functionality of NiSe2-CoSe2 nanowires for electrochemical charge storage and efficient thermal energy conversion" (Dual-functionality of NiSe2-CoSe2 nanowires for electrochemical charge storage and efficient thermal energy conversion).
description: TRANSLATE is a €3.4 million EU-funded research project that aims to develop a new nanofluidic platform technology to effectively convert waste heat to electricity. This technology has the potential to improve the energy efficiency of many devices and systems, and provide a radically new zero-emission power source. The TRANSLATE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 964251, for the action of 'The Recycling of waste heat through the Application of Nanofluidic ChannelS: Advances in the Conversion of Thermal to Electrical energy'. More information can be be found on the TRANSLATE project website: https://translate-energy.eu/
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18385299
title: Data related to Dual-functionality of NiSe2-CoSe2 nanowires for electrochemical charge storage and efficient thermal energy conversion

description: These are the raw data files associated with the publication "Dual-functionality of NiSe2-CoSe2 nanowires for electrochemical charge storage and efficient thermal energy conversion" (Dual-functionality of NiSe2-CoSe2 nanowires for electrochemical charge storage and efficient thermal energy conversion).
description: TRANSLATE is a €3.4 million EU-funded research project that aims to develop a new nanofluidic platform technology to effectively convert waste heat to electricity. This technology has the potential to improve the energy efficiency of many devices and systems, and provide a radically new zero-emission power source. The TRANSLATE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 964251, for the action of 'The Recycling of waste heat through the Application of Nanofluidic ChannelS: Advances in the Conversion of Thermal to Electrical energy'. More information can be be found on the TRANSLATE project website: https://translate-energy.eu/
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hg000c2
title: Data from: Individual variation in the transmission of ultraviolet radiation in the young adult eye.

description: Objectives: Data obtained mostly from animal models and ex vivo samples
 show that a small portion of ultraviolet light (UV, 300-400 nm) penetrates
 the cornea and crystalline lens and impinges on the human retina. UV
 transmission to the retina appears to be unique to the young and some
 older pseudophakes. In this study, we determine the variation in UV
 transmission in a relatively homogenous sample of young adults. Methods:
 42 subjects were tested (M = 19 ± 1.3 years). Absolute thresholds to UV
 radiation were collected (max = 315 nm, 305-325). Macular pigment optical
 density (MPOD, measured using heterochromatic flicker photometry) and iris
 color (using a standardized color scale) were also assessed as potential
 covariates. Results: All of the subjects could detect UV radiation at 315
 nm but individual variation was large (over a factor of 30). Higher MPOD
 and darker iridies were not related to UV sensitivity in this young
 sample. Males, however, were more sensitive to UV than the females
 (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: The large individual differences in UV
 reaching the retina of younger individuals suggests equally significant
 vulnerability to the actinic effects of this highly energetic light.
description: UV
 Data-Hammond
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2263n
title: Data from: Decline in new drug launches: myth or reality? Retrospective observational study using 30 years of data from the UK

description: Objective: To describe trends in new drugs launched in the UK from 1982 to
 2011 and test the hypothesis that the rate of new drug introductions has
 declined over the study period. There is wide concern that pharmaceutical
 innovation is declining. Reported trends suggest that fewer new drugs have
 been launched over recent decades, despite increasing investment into
 research and development. Design: Retrospective observational study.
 Setting and data source: Database of new preparations added annually to
 the British National Formulary (BNF). Main outcome measures: The number of
 new drugs entered each year, including new chemical entities(NCEs) and new
 biological drugs, based on first appearance in the BNF. Results: There was
 no significant linear trend in the number of new drugs introduced into the
 UK from 1982 to 2011. Following a dip in the mid-1980s (11–12 NCEs/new
 biologics introduced annually from 1985 to 1987), there was a variable
 increase in the numbers of new drugs introduced annually to a peak of 34
 in 1997. This peak was followed by a decline to approximately 20 new
 drugs/year between 2003 and 2006, and another peak in 2010. Extending the
 timeline further back with existing published data shows an overall slight
 increase in new drug introductions of 0.16/year over the entire 1971 to
 2011 period. Conclusions: The purported ‘innovation dip’ is an artefact of
 the time periods previously studied. Reports of declining innovation need
 to be considered in the context of their timescale and perspective.
description: Numbers of new drugs UK
 1971-2011Excel spreadsheet of
 annual numbers of new drugs launched in the UK from 1971 to 2011. Contains
 data in 6 columns: A: Year. B-D: Data from NIHR HSC, derived from new
 preparations added to the BNF from 1982-2011. Shows numbers of NCEs, new
 biologics and totals for each year. E: Data from CMR (1991), published by
 Tansey et al(1994). Shows numbers of NCEs for each year from 1971-1989. F:
 Combines data from columns D & E to show numbers of new drugs from
 1971-2011. Years 1982-89 show the average of the two values, rounded to
 the nearest whole number.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t7rb4
title: Data from: Picky hitch-hikers: vector choice leads to directed dispersal and fat-tailed kernels in a passively dispersing mite

description: Dispersal is a central life-history trait for most animals and plants: it
 allows to colonize new habitats, escape from competition or avoid
 inbreeding. Yet, not all species are mobile enough to perform sufficient
 dispersal. Such passive dispersers may use more mobile animals as
 dispersal vectors. If multiple potential vectors are available, an active
 choice can allow to optimize the dispersal process and to determine the
 distribution of dispersal distances, i.e. an optimal dispersal kernel. We
 explore dispersal and vector choice in the neotropical flower mite
 Spadiseius calyptrogynae using a dual approach which combines experiments
 with an individual-based simulation model. Spadiseius calyptrogynae is
 found in lowland rainforests in Costa Rica. It inhabits inflorescences of
 the understorey palm Calyptrogyne ghiesbreghtiana and is phoretic on a
 number of flower visitors including bats, beetles and stingless bees. We
 hypothesised that the mites should optimise their dispersal kernel by
 actively choosing a specific mix of potential phoretic vectors. In a
 simple olfactometer setup we showed that the flower mites do indeed
 discriminate between potential vectors. Subsequently we used an
 individual-based model to analyse the evolutionary forces responsible for
 the observed patterns of vector choice. The mites combine vectors
 exhibiting long-distance dispersal with those allowing for more localized
 dispersal. This results in a fat-tailed dispersal kernel that guarantees
 the occasional colonization of new host plant patches (long distance)
 while optimizing the exploitation of clumped resources (local dispersal).
 Additionally, kin competition results in a preference for small vectors
 that transport only few individuals at a time. At the same time, these
 vectors lead to directed dispersal towards suitable habitat, which
 increases the stability of this very specialized interaction. Our findings
 can be applied to other phoretic systems but also to vector-based seed
 dispersal, for example.
description: Scent choice
 dataAll datafiles contain
 the time (in seconds) a mite (continuously numbered in the column
 "repeat"; the instar and sex can be found in the column
 "mite": f - adult female, m - adult male, l - larva, pn -
 protonymph, dn - deutonymph) spend in the respective sector of the
 olfactometer. The sectors with the respective treatments (extract of
 phoretic vectors or controls) can be found in the column headings. For all
 olfactometer experiments four sectors (with four scents) were used.
 Therefore, the tables from the dual choice experiments contain each two
 columns with the same header.data.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qc1jn
title: Data from: Fit for genomic and proteomic purposes: sampling the fitness of nucleic acid and protein derivatives from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue

description: The demand for nucleic acid and protein derivatives from formalin-fixed
 paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue has greatly increased due to advances in
 extraction and purification methods, making these derivatives available
 for numerous genomic and proteomic platforms. Previously, DNA, RNA,
 microRNA (miRNA), or protein derived from FFPE tissue blocks were
 considered "unfit" for such platforms, as the process of tissue
 immobilization by FFPE resulted in cross-linked, fragmented, and
 chemically modified macromolecules. We conducted a systematic examination
 of nucleic acids and proteins co-extracted from 118 FFPE blocks sampled
 from the AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource (ACSR) at The George Washington
 University after stratification by storage duration and the three most
 common tumor tissue types at the ACSR (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell
 carcinoma, and papillary carcinoma). DNA, RNA, miRNA, and protein could be
 co-extracted from 98% of the FFPE blocks sampled, with DNA and miRNA
 "fit" for diverse genomic purposes including sequencing. While
 RNA was the most labile of the FFPE derivatives, especially when assessed
 by RNA integrity number (RIN), it was still "fit" for genomic
 methods that use smaller sequence lengths, e.g., quantitative PCR. While
 more than half of the protein derivatives were fit for proteomic purposes,
 our analyses indicated a significant interaction effect on the absorbance
 values for proteins derived from FFPE, implying that storage duration may
 affect protein derivatives differently by tumor tissue type. The mean
 absorbance value for proteins derived from more recently stored FFPE was
 greater than protein derived from older FFPE, with the exception of
 adenocarcinoma tissue. Finally, the fitness of one type of derivative was
 weakly associated with the fitness of derivatives co-extracted from the
 same FFPE block. The current study used several novel quality assurance
 approaches and metrics to show that archival FFPE tissue blocks are a
 valuable resource for contemporary genomic and proteomic platforms.
description: Absorbance values,
 concentration, and RNA integrity numberThis represents
 absorbance values, concentration, and RNA integrity number from DNA, RNA,
 miRNA and protein from 118 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue
 blocks from the AIDS and Cancer Specimen Resource (ACSR) at the George
 Washington University.FFPE.CSV
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.674k8j4
title: Data from: Killer whales (Orcinus orca) in Iceland show weak genetic structure among diverse isotopic signatures and observed movement patterns

description: Local adaption through ecological niche specialization can lead to genetic
 structure between and within populations. In the Northeast Pacific, killer
 whales (Orcinus orca) of the same population have uniform specialized
 diets that are non-overlapping with other sympatric, genetically divergent
 and socially isolated killer whale ecotypes. However, killer whales in
 Iceland show intra-population variation of isotopic niches and observed
 movement patterns: some individuals appear to specialise on herring and
 follow it year-round while others feed upon herring only seasonally or
 opportunistically. We investigated genetic differentiation among Icelandic
 killer whales with different isotopic signatures and observed movement
 patterns. This information is key for management and conservation purposes
 but also for better understanding how niche specialization drives genetic
 differentiation. Photo-identified individuals (N = 61) were genotyped for
 22 microsatellites and a 611 bp portion of the mitochondrial control
 region. Photo-identification of individuals allowed linkage of genetic
 data to existing data on individual isotopic niche, observed movement
 patterns and social associations. Population subdivision into three
 genetic units was supported by a Discriminant Analysis of Principal
 Components (DAPC). Genetic clustering corresponded to the distribution of
 isotopic signatures, mtDNA haplotypes and observed movement patterns, but
 genetic units were not socially segregated. Genetic differentiation was
 weak (FST &lt;0.1), suggesting ongoing gene flow or recent separation
 of the genetic units. Our results show that killer whales in Iceland are
 not as genetically differentiated, ecologically discrete or socially
 isolated as the Northeast Pacific prey-specialized killer whales. If any
 process of ecological divergence and niche specialization is taking place
 among killer whales in Iceland it is likely at a very early stage and has
 not led to the patterns observed in the Northeast Pacific.
description: Mitochondrial haplotype
 and microsatellite genotypes of killer whales in IcelandThis dataset includes
 mitochondrial haplotype (mtDNA) and 22 microsatellite genotypes from 61
 killer whales (Orcinus orca) collected during dedicated fieldwork in
 Icelandic waters. 0 represents missing values. mtDNA sequences were
 visually inspected using the software FinchTV v1.4.0 and individual mtDNA
 haplotype was determined using the software BioEdit v7.2.5. Peak Scanner
 Software 2 was used to size each microsatellite allele.Tavares et al 2018 Ecology and
 Evolution.csv