cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25061840
title: Construction and development of new rabiesvirus vectors carrying enhanced greenfluorescent protein: supplementary data

description: Aim: Rabies is one of the most lethal viral diseases. This study developed a recombinant rabies virus,PVEGFP, expressing an EGFP protein based on PV strain to be applied in virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA)titration methods. Methods: The EGFP gene was inserted into the PVMCS strain, a previously discussedrecombinant virus. The recombinant virus was applied in the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT)VNA titration method, and six vaccinated persons were studied for validation. Results: The recombinantrabies strain showed similar propagation properties to its ancestry strain, PVMCS. It could also measureVNA titers in the RFFIT method not significantly different from those acquired using the CVS-11 virus.Conclusion: Utilizing the PVEGFP strain in the RFFIT method can produce rapid, reliable and affordableresults.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25061840.v1
title: Construction and development of new rabiesvirus vectors carrying enhanced greenfluorescent protein: supplementary data

description: Aim: Rabies is one of the most lethal viral diseases. This study developed a recombinant rabies virus,PVEGFP, expressing an EGFP protein based on PV strain to be applied in virus-neutralizing antibody (VNA)titration methods. Methods: The EGFP gene was inserted into the PVMCS strain, a previously discussedrecombinant virus. The recombinant virus was applied in the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT)VNA titration method, and six vaccinated persons were studied for validation. Results: The recombinantrabies strain showed similar propagation properties to its ancestry strain, PVMCS. It could also measureVNA titers in the RFFIT method not significantly different from those acquired using the CVS-11 virus.Conclusion: Utilizing the PVEGFP strain in the RFFIT method can produce rapid, reliable and affordableresults.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25288195
title: Supplementary data: GSTP, GSTT1, XRCC1 and CASP8 geneticvariations are associated with humanpapillomavirus in women with cervicalcancer from Zimbabwe

description: Aim: Investigate the role of host genetic variations in high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs). Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 238 cervical cancer patients. Variants in transport (ABCC2), xenobiotic metabolism (GSTP, GSTT1, GSTM1, NQO1), DNA repair (ERCC1, XRCC1), immune response (TLR4) and apoptosis (CASP8, FASL, p53) genes were characterized. Tumor DNA was genotyped for 14 HR-HPVs. Results: GSTP rs1695GG, XRCC1 rs1799782TT and GSTT1 del/del were associated with HPV51 (odds ratio [OR]: 3.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–11.7; p = 0.02) and HPV58 (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2–5.8; p = 0.048), respectively. CASP8 rs3834129del/del was associated with HPV16/18 (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2–6.0; p = 0.017) and HPV monoinfections (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2–4.4; p = 0.008). Conclusion: GSTP, GSTT1, XRCC1 and CASP8 variants were associated with HPV-positivity. With further research, a genetic-based screening tool can be developed, to use with HPV vaccines toward preventing cervical cancer.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25288195.v1
title: Supplementary data: GSTP, GSTT1, XRCC1 and CASP8 geneticvariations are associated with humanpapillomavirus in women with cervicalcancer from Zimbabwe

description: Aim: Investigate the role of host genetic variations in high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs). Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 238 cervical cancer patients. Variants in transport (ABCC2), xenobiotic metabolism (GSTP, GSTT1, GSTM1, NQO1), DNA repair (ERCC1, XRCC1), immune response (TLR4) and apoptosis (CASP8, FASL, p53) genes were characterized. Tumor DNA was genotyped for 14 HR-HPVs. Results: GSTP rs1695GG, XRCC1 rs1799782TT and GSTT1 del/del were associated with HPV51 (odds ratio [OR]: 3.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–11.7; p = 0.02) and HPV58 (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 1.2–5.8; p = 0.048), respectively. CASP8 rs3834129del/del was associated with HPV16/18 (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2–6.0; p = 0.017) and HPV monoinfections (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.2–4.4; p = 0.008). Conclusion: GSTP, GSTT1, XRCC1 and CASP8 variants were associated with HPV-positivity. With further research, a genetic-based screening tool can be developed, to use with HPV vaccines toward preventing cervical cancer.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25304224
title: Supplementary data: Decreased efficacy of sofosbuvir/velpatasvirin HIV patients coinfected with HCVgenotype 3b

description: Aim: To retrospectively assess the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3b in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment of lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/efavirenz. Methods: The primary end point of HCV treatment was estimated by sustained virologic response 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12). Results: Sixteen subjects who were followed up for 48 weeks after treatment were included. The SVR12 and SVR48 were 87.5% (95% CI: 60.4–97.8%) and 81.3% (95% CI: 53.7–95.0%), respectively. One patient experienced persistent low-level viremia of HIV after 12 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Twelve weeks of SOF/VEL is safe but has limited efficacy for HCV GT3b in HIV-infected patients receiving ART regimen including efavirenz, especially among patients with baseline HCV RNA≥6.0 log10 IU/ml.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25304224.v1
title: Supplementary data: Decreased efficacy of sofosbuvir/velpatasvirin HIV patients coinfected with HCVgenotype 3b

description: Aim: To retrospectively assess the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 3b in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment of lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/efavirenz. Methods: The primary end point of HCV treatment was estimated by sustained virologic response 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12). Results: Sixteen subjects who were followed up for 48 weeks after treatment were included. The SVR12 and SVR48 were 87.5% (95% CI: 60.4–97.8%) and 81.3% (95% CI: 53.7–95.0%), respectively. One patient experienced persistent low-level viremia of HIV after 12 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: Twelve weeks of SOF/VEL is safe but has limited efficacy for HCV GT3b in HIV-infected patients receiving ART regimen including efavirenz, especially among patients with baseline HCV RNA≥6.0 log10 IU/ml.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25481257
title: Exploration of the cross-immunity betweenSARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in mice: supplementary materials

description: Aim: This study aimed to develop a universal vaccine that can effectively address future outbreaks ofcoronavirus infections. Materials & methods: We developed recombinant DNA vaccines and vacciniavector vaccines specific for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 and evaluated them in BALB/c mice. Both cellularand humoral immune responses were analyzed. Results: Compared with those immunized with theSARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 vaccine alone, the cross-immune group exhibited a 21.2-fold increase incellular immune response, an over 80-fold increase in binding antibodies and a 136.7-fold increase inneutralizing antibodies. The combination of recombinant DNA and vaccinia vaccines induced a strongerimmune response than DNA vaccine immunization alone. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that crossimmunizationwith different coronaviruses can induce a broad immune response.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25481257.v1
title: Exploration of the cross-immunity betweenSARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 in mice: supplementary materials

description: Aim: This study aimed to develop a universal vaccine that can effectively address future outbreaks ofcoronavirus infections. Materials & methods: We developed recombinant DNA vaccines and vacciniavector vaccines specific for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 and evaluated them in BALB/c mice. Both cellularand humoral immune responses were analyzed. Results: Compared with those immunized with theSARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 vaccine alone, the cross-immune group exhibited a 21.2-fold increase incellular immune response, an over 80-fold increase in binding antibodies and a 136.7-fold increase inneutralizing antibodies. The combination of recombinant DNA and vaccinia vaccines induced a strongerimmune response than DNA vaccine immunization alone. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that crossimmunizationwith different coronaviruses can induce a broad immune response.
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25624569
title: Treatment response and Adverse Effects of Direct Acting Antivirals Among HCV patients carrying Comorbid Conditions - supplementary material

description: Supplementary Table - Pre-treatment Report of Adverse effects in HCV + HTN Patients
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25624569.v1
title: Treatment response and Adverse Effects of Direct Acting Antivirals Among HCV patients carrying Comorbid Conditions - supplementary material

description: Supplementary Table - Pre-treatment Report of Adverse effects in HCV + HTN Patients
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25635099
title: Analysis of the Application Value of HPV mRNA and DNA Detection in Early Screening of Cervical Lesions - Supplementary material

description: Table 1 Positive rates of Aptima HPV and COBAS HPVTable 2 Age distribution of HPV 16Table 3 Age distribution of HPV 18Table 4 Age distribution of HPV other risk typesTable 5 Colposcopy examination of HPV 18Table 6 Colposcopy examination of HPV 16Table 7 Colposcopy examination of HPV other risk typesTable 8 Pathological biopsy of HPV 18Table 9 Pathological biopsy of HPV 16Table 10 Pathological biopsy of HPV other risk typesTable 11 Pathological biopsy of HPV 16 (≥CIN2)Table 12 Pathological biopsy of HPV 18 (≥CIN2)Table 13 Pathological biopsy of HPV other risk types (≥CIN2)
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25635099.v1
title: Analysis of the Application Value of HPV mRNA and DNA Detection in Early Screening of Cervical Lesions - Supplementary material

description: Table 1 Positive rates of Aptima HPV and COBAS HPVTable 2 Age distribution of HPV 16Table 3 Age distribution of HPV 18Table 4 Age distribution of HPV other risk typesTable 5 Colposcopy examination of HPV 18Table 6 Colposcopy examination of HPV 16Table 7 Colposcopy examination of HPV other risk typesTable 8 Pathological biopsy of HPV 18Table 9 Pathological biopsy of HPV 16Table 10 Pathological biopsy of HPV other risk typesTable 11 Pathological biopsy of HPV 16 (≥CIN2)Table 12 Pathological biopsy of HPV 18 (≥CIN2)Table 13 Pathological biopsy of HPV other risk types (≥CIN2)
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25663941
title: Role of Nonlinear Transmission term in stability of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) dynamics - Supplementary material

description: Supplementary Material: Lyapunov stability analysis theory
DOI: 10.25402/fvl.25663941.v1
title: Role of Nonlinear Transmission term in stability of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) dynamics - Supplementary material

description: Supplementary Material: Lyapunov stability analysis theory
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yeqest
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Athanas setoensis Kubo, 1951"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019782-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7fhdn2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 276 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet",
 "Year 1901-2024"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 276 records from 14 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019784-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5284/1118841
title: Data from a Magnetometry Survey at Pinvin, Worcestershire, June - July 2022

description: This collection comprises comprises geophysics data, greyscale raster images, a CAD drawing and a report from a magnetometry survey at Pinvin, Worcestershire undertaken by SUMO Geosurveys in June and July 2022.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zb5fph
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 881 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 881 records from 50 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019785-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t5z7h3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Streptocephalus cirratus Daday, 1908"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019786-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3vkgce
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 53 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Spain",
 "GadmGid is ESP.4_1",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 53 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019787-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4awrzd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 7 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is BOLD:ADW9129"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 7 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019788-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.be7vf9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 168225 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is one of (Spergula arvensis L.)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 168225 records from 1344 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019772-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dj75zd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 582 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Luperina dumerilii Duponchel, 1826)",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-9.36035 44.71551,-10.59082 42.81152,-11.82129 36.80928,-7.69043 36.17336,-3.38379 35.88905,3.12012 38.13456,9.18457 38.20366,11.7334 37.16032,12.78809 34.74161,17.09473 33.79741, 23.15918 34.23451,30.10254 32.62087,33.2666 32.99024,35.72754 35.03,33.00293 35.53223,28.69629 35.17381,28.34473 36.31513,25.7959 37.50973,24.91699 39.90974,28.78418 40.6473,30.71777 41.17865,36.87012 45.213,38.18848 46.98025,38.71582 47.7541,39.94629 47.93107,40.20996 49.61071,37.0459 50.34546,35.72754 50.40152,33.79395 52.26816,31.68457 51.94426,31.4209 53.27835,32.56348 53.43572,30.98145 54.77535,30.89355 55.52863,28.43262 56.02295,27.20215 57.65716,27.37793 58.30949,27.90527 59.17593,29.66309 59.88894,27.6416 60.58697,31.50879 62.75473,28.78418 69.83962,30.89355 70.28912,29.22363 71.55274,21.75293 71.30079,14.28223 70.14036,11.38184 67.47492,4.87793 63.66576,-5.53711 71.52491,-10.63477 71.69129,-21.5332 67.74276,-28.56445 65.36684,-24.3457 61.35461,-9.36035 44.71551))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2021"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 582 records from 53 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0244818-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/pcra-c14-32579
title: Minute book no. 2, PMU, 1917-1922

description: [description english/roman)] Pentecostal Missionary Union [PMU] minute book No. 2 including 30 pages of subject index; 515 pages of council meeting minutes; 17 blank pages at end of minute book.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g67jsv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Begonia gungshanensis C.Y.Wu"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0088901-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mxs2fq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 7832 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON ((-72.7047883000000041 41.7744606999999988, -72.7047883000000041 41.7780234399999983, -72.7047883000000041 41.7844363700000017, -72.7047883000000041 41.7887116599999970, -72.7047883000000041 41.7948870800000023, -72.7047883000000041 41.7982123000000030, -72.6985980299999994 41.7982123000000030, -72.6921690500000039 41.7982123000000030, -72.6881211799999960 41.7982123000000030, -72.6824065299999944 41.7982123000000030, -72.6747870100000029 41.7982123000000030, -72.6688342500000033 41.7982123000000030, -72.6631201999999945 41.7982123000000030, -72.6631201999999945 41.7951245900000004, -72.6631201999999945 41.7915618500000008, -72.6631201999999945 41.7879991100000012, -72.6631201999999945 41.7846738900000005, -72.6631201999999945 41.7813486599999990, -72.6631201999999945 41.7768358599999985, -72.6631201999999945 41.7744606999999988, -72.6695485799999972 41.7744606999999988, -72.6740726799999948 41.7744606999999988, -72.6800254300000006 41.7744606999999988, -72.6847876399999961 41.7744606999999988, -72.6878830699999980 41.7744606999999988, -72.6926452699999999 41.7744606999999988, -72.6959788199999934 41.7744606999999988, -72.7009791299999932 41.7744606999999988, -72.7047883000000041 41.7744606999999988))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1932",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Living Specimen, Observation, Specimen, Machine Observation)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 7832 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0092614-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.c7t2er
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 146 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Cymbidium goeringii (Rchb.f.) Rchb.f."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 146 records from 25 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0388208-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/pcra-c14-32651
title: Minute book no. 2, PMU, 1917-1922

description: [description english/roman)] Pentecostal Missionary Union [PMU] minute book No. 2 including 30 pages of subject index; 515 pages of council meeting minutes; 17 blank pages at end of minute book.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vfsfwt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8430478 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Spain",
 "License is CC-BY 4.0",
 "TaxonKey is Plantae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8430478 records from 300 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0088881-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.h5xr29
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 46 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Platyrrhinus matapalensis Velazco, 2005"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 46 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0352006-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ykdrva
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 30 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Momordica kirkii (Hook.fil.) C.Jeffrey"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 30 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0042799-230530130749713/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/pcra-c14-26450
title: Correspondence book No. 1 of Pentecostal Missionary Union [PMU], 1914-1920

description: [description english/roman)] Pentecostal Missionary Union [PMU] Correspondence book No. 2 including 61 pages of subject index; 2011 pages of PMU outgoing correspondence;
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yfsxe2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 11015 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Continent is Europe",
 "Year is greater than 1978",
 "Year is less than 2014",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 11015 records from 77 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0088918-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ggjed5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Periconia hispidula (Pers.) E.W.Mason & M.B.Ellis",
 {
 "not" : {
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Global database of alien macrofungi"
 ]
 }
 },
 {
 "or" : [
 "Country is United States of America",
 "Country is United States",
 "Country is United States of America",
 "Country is Canada",
 "Continent is North America"
 ]
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0134093-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/pcra-c14-26276
title: Correspondence book No. 1 of Pentecostal Missionary Union [PMU], 1914-1920

description: [description english/roman)] Pentecostal Missionary Union [PMU] Correspondence book No. 2 including 61 pages of subject index; 2011 pages of PMU outgoing correspondence;
DOI: 10.15468/dl.79medm
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 64 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Systellura longirostris longirostris"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 64 records from 9 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0132337-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.