DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9zw3r22nw
title: Three new taxa of Collinsia (Plantaginaceae) provide additional evidence for neoendemism in the upper Merced River watershed of the central Sierra Nevada, California

description: Field and phylogenetic studies of Collinsia previously resulted in
 discovery of the distinctive “metamorphica” clade from metamorphic scree
 of the upper Merced River drainage on the western slope of the central
 Sierra Nevada, California.  The three component lineages within
 this clade are described here as new taxa:  C. metamorphica from
 the South Fork Merced River watershed, C. parkii from Trumbull Peak, and
 C. wakahlmae from the Merced River canyon in the vicinity of El
 Portal.  These new taxa, first collected in the 1980s, have been
 confused with C. childii, C. linearis, and C. rattanii. 
 Collectively, the three new taxa can be distinguished from C. childii by
 their narrower mid- to distal-stem leaves, and, in fruit, their much less
 recurved to erect calyx lobes that are not longer than the capsule, or not
 conspicuously so.  They are distinguishable from C. linearis and
 C. rattanii by their non-revolute leaf margins and capsules with only two
 seeds.  The three new taxa differ in part from one another by a
 combination of corolla color, size, and shape, calyx length, and leaf
 blade shape.  These morphologically and geographically
 distinctive taxa provide additional evidence for angiosperm
 diversification within the upper Merced River watershed and collectively
 have distributions similar to those of some other endemics of the area
 that co-occur on metamorphic scree exposures.  Further
 exploration of these habitats for undescribed plant diversity and any
 undiscovered populations of these rare new taxa is warranted.
description: The dataset was based on nrDNA and cpDNA sequences analyzed by
 Baldwin et al. (2011 <em>American Journal of Botany</em> 98:
 731–753).  Outgroup = <em>Collinsia bartsiifolia</em> Benth.
 var. <em>bartsiifolia</em> (<em>BGB & WSA
 858</em>) and <em>C. greenei</em> A.Gray (<em>BGB
 952</em>) — both at JEPS (first two taxa in sequence matrix). Tip
 names for ingroup correspond to sample locality; numbers correspond to
 sample designations for the “metamorphica” clade in Baldwin et al. (2011),
 as follows (<em>BGB</em> = Bruce G. Baldwin;
 <em>MSP</em> = Michael S. Park; <em>WSA</em> = W.
 Scott Armbruster): (1) <em>MSP 1614</em>; (2) <em>MSP
 1897</em>; (3) <em>BGB & WSA 1483</em>; (4)
 <em>MSP 1899</em>; (5) <em>MSP 2147</em>; (6)
 <em>MSP 1905</em>; (7) <em>BGB & WSA
 1484</em>; and (8) <em>MSP 1871</em> — all at JEPS. The
 treefile represents a maximum likelihood phylogram; analyses were
 conducted using IQ-TREE (Trifinopoulos et al. 2016 <em>Nucleic Acids
 Research</em> 44: W232–W235), with TIM3e substitution model chosen
 by ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017 <em>Nature
 Methods</em> 14: 587–589).
description: # THREE NEW TAXA OF COLLINSIA (PLANTAGINACEAE) FROM THE UPPER MERCED RIVER
 WATERSHED OF THE CENTRAL SIERRA NEVADA, CALIFORNIA
 The dataset represents the
 DNA sequence data matrix and maximum likelihood tree file supporting Fig.
 1 in the Systematic Botany article by Baldwin, B. G., S. Fawcett, and W.
 S. Armbruster. Fig_1_sequence_matrix = Combined nuclear ribosomal DNA
 internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and external transcribed spacer (ETS)
 sequences and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences of members of the
 *Collinsia* "metamorphica" clade (ingroup), plus two outgroup
 sequences, from *C. bartsiifolia* and *C. greenei*. Matrix is in NEXUS
 format. Fig_1_treefile = Maximum likelihood tree based on
 Fig_1_sequence_matrix, in newick format. Analyses were conducted using
 IQ-TREE (Trifinopoulos et al. 2016), with TIM3e substitution model chosen
 by ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al. 2017).