cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2427-v1
title: The Effect of Acute Stress on the Maturing Brain, 2017

description: This project aims to increase the understanding of how the brain is affected and works after major psychological stresses. The study investigates whether a trauma like 22 July has affected important cognitive functions and underlying neurophysiological mechanisms among the survivors from Utøya compared to a control-group (similar age, gender, sociodemographic data and political interest). Data includes MR data, neuropsychiatric interviews, registration of circadian rhythms, survey and saliva tests. 

How psychologically stressful incidents such as July 22nd affect brain areas, like attention and memory, have not been previously been investigated in adolescents. This knowledge is important in order to offer better treatment and adaptation to both survivors after Utøya and future youths exposed to traumatic events. This project is a collaboration between the University of Bergen, the fMRI group in Bergen, the Research Group on Experimental and Clinical Stress and Sleep (RECSS), Helse Bergen and RVTS Vest. The University of Bergen is responsible for the study. The project also collaborates with the Department of Psychology at the University of Oslo who have been conducting a similar study.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2428-v1
title: Mental Health and Work Environment Factors in the Aftermath of the Oslo Terrorist Attack July 22nd 2011, 2014

description: The study "Mental Health and Work Environment Factors in the Aftermath of the Oslo Terrorist Attack July 22nd 2011, 2014" was a follow-up study of employees in relation to the bombing of the Norwegian ministries in July 2011. The project examines employees' mental health in relation to work environment factors, work participation and health in the aftermath of the Oslo Terrorist Attack July 22nd 2011. Data was collected through a survey and by use of data on sickness absence from NAV.

For further information about ”Mental Health and Work Environment Factors in the Aftermath of the Oslo Terrorist Attack July 22nd 2011, 2014”, please contact the principal investigator.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2429-v1
title: Experiences, Reactions and Professional Challenges After the Terror Attacks in Norway 22nd July 2011: A Study of Rescue Workers, 2012

description: This study investigated personnel and volunteers involved in the rescue operation after the terror attacks in Norway on July 22, 2011. The study examined the degrees of perceived peritraumatic strain, the duration of such experiences, the degree of post-traumatic stress symptoms during the follow-up and the levels of sick-leave. The study also mapped out to what extent the participants had previous experiences and training from exposure to such events. Health personnel, police personnel, fire-fighters, organized volunteers and unorganized volunteers (persons who by chance were near Utøya) participated in the study. A survey was collected around 10 months after the terror attacks.

For further information about "Experiences, Reactions and Professional Challenges After the Terror Attacks in Norway 22nd July 2011: A Study of Rescue Workers, 2012", please contact the principal investigator.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2430-v1
title: The Complement System and the CD14/TLR4/MD2 Complex as Targets for Therapy in Sepsis, 2016

description: The aim of this project was to develop a new therapeutic regime in conditions where the congenital immune system is over-activated and causes serious disease, as seen by sepsis (blood poisoning). Previous studies showed that inhibition of two important branches of the immune system, the complement system and the TRL system, inhibits the activation triggered by bacteria and other foreign substances in the test tube. In particular, combined inhibition of these systems gives a good effect. In this project it was found that a substance called coversin (OmCI) effectively inhibits complement factor 5 in both pigs and human beings. Further, the study worked with an antibody targeting CD14, a central molecule in the TLR system, and compared this to other inhibitors of the TLR family, such as anti-MD2. It was found that inhibition of CD14 is particularly effective in inhibiting activation and that the combination of inhibiting complement and CD14 is particularly effective in sepsis in pigs. The latest work published in the project, revealed to a large degree why clinical trials conducted to treat blood poisoning with the inhibition of the innate immune system (TLR4 / MD2) have not worked. This worked was published in the 'Journal of Infectious Diseases'.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2430-v2
title: The Complement System and the CD14/TLR4/MD2 Complex as Targets for Therapy in Sepsis, 2016

description: The aim of this project was to develop a new therapeutic regime in conditions where the congenital immune system is over-activated and causes serious disease, as seen by sepsis (blood poisoning). Previous studies showed that inhibition of two important branches of the immune system, the complement system and the TRL system, inhibits the activation triggered by bacteria and other foreign substances in the test tube. In particular, combined inhibition of these systems gives a good effect. In this project it was found that a substance called coversin (OmCI) effectively inhibits complement factor 5 in both pigs and human beings. Further, the study worked with an antibody targeting CD14, a central molecule in the TLR system, and compared this to other inhibitors of the TLR family, such as anti-MD2. It was found that inhibition of CD14 is particularly effective in inhibiting activation and that the combination of inhibiting complement and CD14 is particularly effective in sepsis in pigs. The latest work published in the project, revealed to a large degree why clinical trials conducted to treat blood poisoning with the inhibition of the innate immune system (TLR4 / MD2) have not worked. This worked was published in the 'Journal of Infectious Diseases'.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2433-v1
title: The Dynamics of State Failure and Violence: A Comparative Study of Rebellion and Peace Processes in South Sudan's Contemporary History, 2016

description: South Sudan's independence 9 July 2011 prompted several questions concerning the historical background for this new state formation: After more than fifty years of contentious politics, what made the establishment of South Sudan possible? Was the 54th state in Africa a result of the South Sudanese' decades of armed struggle, foreign diplomatic intervention or perhaps the weakness of the Sudanese state? Taking a step back we see that the combination of weak states and violent politics is a defining trait of the eastern African region where brutal counter-insurgency, proxy warfare and military intervention are constantly taking place. Yet, violent politics and the challenges of governing a country in a permanently bad neighbourhood has been poorly understood. This project sought to analyse South Sudan's independence within a broader regional and global context. It was achieved by taking a multi-disciplinary approach, and employing a range of methods; such as archival research, collection of oral sources, field visits, comparative case-study approaches, and testing of theoretical models. Project contributors delivered towards a two-pronged research agenda. One part focused on South Sudan's contemporary history using recently unearthed archival material. The other part focused on analysing the broader regional context through synthesising studies and close examination of cases in eastern African countries such as Somalia, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of Congo. For further information about ”The Dynamics of State Failure and Violence: A Comparative Study of Rebellion and Peace Processes in South Sudan's Contemporary History, 2016”, please contact the principal investigator.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2434-v1
title: Use of Social Media During and After the Terrorist Attacks in Norway in 2011, 2017

description: This subproject concerns the use of social media during and after the terrorist attacks in Norway in 2011. The subproject is a part of the project "Researching Social Media and Collaborative Software Use in Emergency Situations (RESCUE)". The data described here include the part of the RESCUE-project about the terrorist attacks in Norway in 2011 and social media (WP2).

The RESCUE project develops new knowledge based models of emergency communication by studying social media use in three different emergency cases: 
1. The terrorist attacks in Norway in 2011
2. An environmental disaster, the flooding in May and June 2013 in central Europe
3. The pandemic influenza popularly known as the swine flu, particularly during what was defined as its "critical phases" in 2009. 

In addition to improving the understanding of how social media has been used by key crisis/risk communicators (crisis/risk information authorities, rescue organizations and journalists) and what impact it has had in these emergencies, the RESCUE project will identify strengths and weaknesses in usage patterns and the assessment methods that have been applied. The second overarching objective was more normative and practical: To enable improved social media interaction in emergencies and use of social media tools in emergency communication. 

For further information about "Use of Social Media During and After the Terrorist Attacks in Norway in 2011, 2017", please contact the principal investigator.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2434-v2
title: Use of Social Media During and After the Terrorist Attacks in Norway in 2011, 2017

description: This subproject concerns the use of social media during and after the terrorist attacks in Norway in 2011. The subproject is a part of the project "Researching Social Media and Collaborative Software Use in Emergency Situations (RESCUE)". The data described here include the part of the RESCUE-project about the terrorist attacks in Norway in 2011 and social media (WP2).

The RESCUE project develops new knowledge based models of emergency communication by studying social media use in three different emergency cases: 
1. The terrorist attacks in Norway in 2011
2. An environmental disaster, the flooding in May and June 2013 in central Europe
3. The pandemic influenza popularly known as the swine flu, particularly during what was defined as its "critical phases" in 2009. 

In addition to improving the understanding of how social media has been used by key crisis/risk communicators (crisis/risk information authorities, rescue organizations and journalists) and what impact it has had in these emergencies, the RESCUE project will identify strengths and weaknesses in usage patterns and the assessment methods that have been applied. The second overarching objective was more normative and practical: To enable improved social media interaction in emergencies and use of social media tools in emergency communication. 

For further information about "Use of Social Media During and After the Terrorist Attacks in Norway in 2011, 2017", please contact the principal investigator.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2435-v1
title: Private Islamic Charity and Approaches to Poverty Reduction (ISPOR), 2015

description: "Private Islamic Charity and Approaches to Poverty Reduction (ISPOR), 2015" set out to generate new academic and policy-relevant knowledge about the relationship between Islamic charity and conceptions and practices of development. The project had a specific focus on gender aspects, as well as on the transnational dimensions, studied in the context of Punjab, Pakistan and the Pakistani diaspora in Oslo, Norway. The project addressed the questions: How does Islamic charity, as ideals and practices, influence initiatives to reduce poverty? How do Muslims organize their engagement for poverty reduction? What role does gender play? What is the role of the diaspora in poverty reduction in country of origin? For further information about "Private Islamic Charity and Approaches to Poverty Reduction (ISPOR), 2015”, please contact the principal investigator.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2435-v2
title: Private Islamic Charity and Approaches to Poverty Reduction (ISPOR), 2015

description: "Private Islamic Charity and Approaches to Poverty Reduction (ISPOR), 2015" set out to generate new academic and policy-relevant knowledge about the relationship between Islamic charity and conceptions and practices of development. The project had a specific focus on gender aspects, as well as on the transnational dimensions, studied in the context of Punjab, Pakistan and the Pakistani diaspora in Oslo, Norway. The project addressed the questions: How does Islamic charity, as ideals and practices, influence initiatives to reduce poverty? How do Muslims organize their engagement for poverty reduction? What role does gender play? What is the role of the diaspora in poverty reduction in country of origin?

For further information about "Private Islamic Charity and Approaches to Poverty Reduction (ISPOR), 2015”, please contact the principal investigator.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2436-v3
title: Local Election Survey 2015

description: The "Local Election Survey 2015" was intended to contribute to increased knowledge regarding the local election in in 2015 in particular, and local democracy's manner of operation and legitimacy in general. This is a continuation of similar surveys conducted for every election since 1995. Previously, these surveys consisted of a telephone interview and a subsequent postal part. In this survey, only a telephone interview was carried out. The project carried out a voter survey, which, together with previous surveys, can map development trends over time. More specifically, the following topics were studied: Voting, electoral participation, local party systems, the municipality as a political arena, 'outcome democracy', the role of the political parties in local politics, municipal reform, elderly participation and representation in local politics, election campaign and media, and measures for increased electoral participation. The sample was divided into quotas according to 6 strata, which made municipalities with small populations overrepresented compared to municipalities with larger populations. Therefore it is absolutely necessary to use weights when analyzing the material, if you want to say anything about the country as a whole. The survey was conducted by the Institute for Social Research, the University of Oslo and Uni Research Rokkan Centre in Bergen. These institutes worked in turn on behalf of the Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation. The Institute for Social Research held the project manager responsibility, and contact person and project manager at ISF was Jo Saglie.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2436-v4
title: Local Election Survey 2015

description: The "Local Election Survey 2015" was intended to contribute to increased knowledge regarding the local election in in 2015 in particular, and local democracy's manner of operation and legitimacy in general. This is a continuation of similar surveys conducted for every election since 1995. Previously, these surveys consisted of a telephone interview and a subsequent postal part. In this survey, only a telephone interview was carried out. The project carried out a voter survey, which, together with previous surveys, can map development trends over time. More specifically, the following topics were studied: Voting, electoral participation, local party systems, the municipality as a political arena, 'outcome democracy', the role of the political parties in local politics, municipal reform, elderly participation and representation in local politics, election campaign and media, and measures for increased electoral participation.

The sample was divided into quotas according to 6 strata, which made municipalities with small populations overrepresented compared to municipalities with larger populations. Therefore it is absolutely necessary to use weights when analyzing the material, if you want to say anything about the country as a whole. 

The survey was conducted by the Institute for Social Research, the University of Oslo and Uni Research Rokkan Centre in Bergen. These institutes worked in turn on behalf of the Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation. The Institute for Social Research held the project manager responsibility, and contact person and project manager at ISF was Jo Saglie.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd24361-v3
title: Local Election Survey 2015

description: The "Local Election Survey 2015" was intended to contribute to increased knowledge regarding the local election in in 2015 in particular, and local democracy's manner of operation and legitimacy in general. This is a continuation of similar surveys conducted for every election since 1995. Previously, these surveys consisted of a telephone interview and a subsequent postal part. In this survey, only a telephone interview was carried out. The project carried out a voter survey, which, together with previous surveys, can map development trends over time. More specifically, the following topics were studied: Voting, electoral participation, local party systems, the municipality as a political arena, 'outcome democracy', the role of the political parties in local politics, municipal reform, elderly participation and representation in local politics, election campaign and media, and measures for increased electoral participation. The sample was divided into quotas according to 6 strata, which made municipalities with small populations overrepresented compared to municipalities with larger populations. Therefore it is absolutely necessary to use weights when analyzing the material, if you want to say anything about the country as a whole. The survey was conducted by the Institute for Social Research, the University of Oslo and Uni Research Rokkan Centre in Bergen. These institutes worked in turn on behalf of the Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation. The Institute for Social Research held the project manager responsibility, and contact person and project manager at ISF was Jo Saglie.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2437-v1
title: Quality of Investigation – The Role and Responsibilities of the Police Prosecutor, 2015

description: Police University College Professor Tor-Geir Myhrer has published a report on investigations. Investigating offenses is one of the police's most important tasks. and through its guiding, decision-making and controlling role, the prosecutor has a significant responsibility for the investigation to maintain good quality. The report discusses what components the quality requirement consists of, what weight the different components have and what is the closer content of them. It is also discussed what the investigator's role in the investigation consists of and the legal basis for the decision, as well as what we actually know about the importance of good prosecuting leadership for the quality of the investigation. In conclusion, a questionnaire is being reported among prosecutors on how the prosecuting authority is practiced. The investigation shows that the prosecution lawyers focus the greatest attention on whether the case contains sufficient information to determine the debt issue (clarification) and to impose and measure a correct response, and whether the investigation has taken place with sufficient speed. They have relatively little focus on whether the investigation has been conducted processually correctly and with sufficient objectivity, although they indicate that they think this is important. 

The report "Quality in the Investigation" addresses the role and importance of the prosecutor and is part of a three-part research project called the "Investigation Project". The research project deals with various aspects of police district criminal proceedings.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2438-v1
title: Ideological Transformations, Organizational Development and Mainstream Reactions. A Comparison of Populist Parties in Four Nordic Countries, 2015

description: This project offers comparative knowledge on how, why and when popular attitudes towards the out-group population translate into party political preferences in countries that share very similar socio-political attributes; hence, the Nordic countries. The Nordic countries seem to constitute a fruitful design so as to move beyond demand side explanations and to acknowledge supply-oriented explanations for the varying electoral fortunes of the four nationalist-populist parties. This project involved contextualized comparisons over time. The study called attention to the rise of national-populist parties in the four Nordic countries: the Sweden Democrats (SD) in Sweden; the Danish People's Party (DPP) in Denmark; the Progress Party (PP) in Norway and the True Finns (TS) in Finland. These parties experienced their greatest electoral success in recent years and since 2010 they have all been represented in the national parliament. The main research question was why these four parties differ in terms of electoral support, policy influence and governmental experience. The empirical focus was on how the national-populist parties have changed ideologically and organizationally and which strategies the mainstream parties have adopted faced with a new political competitor arena and mainstream reactions to their development in the public debate. Data was collected by manual coding of e.g. topic and tone of the articles in four leading newspapers in Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2439-v1
title: Provision of Welfare to Irregular Migrants, 2013

description: An increasing number of 'irregular migrants' poses major challenges for welfare states. While they are defined as outside of society, human rights ideologies still require that certain measures be taken by authorities to secure a minimum standard of living.This project investigated the Norwegian welfare system's assessment of irregular migrant's rights and their actual social and health situation from a combined legal and social science approach, and examined the complex relationship between law, institutional practice, and migrants' lived experience. Researchers from law, sociology, social anthropology and political science, collaborated in the project. Methods included law analysis, ethnographic fieldwork and qualitative interviews. The theoretical framework was defined by traditional and critical legal perspectives and by anthropological theories of law and of the body. The project consisted of two separate, yet interwoven parts: 1) A legal study of national and international rules applying to welfare provisions to irregular migrants 2) A social scientific study of irregular migrant's access to, use and trust of social welfare institutions and how they experience being in an irregular situation. Focus was on welfare provisions in the areas of health and school/education and on how irregularity affects the lives of children. The component projects was related to the overarching research questions as stated in the primary and secondary objectives, working on a) international and national legal norms b) institutional practices and attitudes c) informal social networks d) migrants' experiences, agency and embodiment e) children's particular situation. Overall, the project's investigation of how 'irregularity' was legally, institutionally, socially, and culturally constructed and experienced offered much needed research-based knowledge of the consequences of present welfare policies and practices. For further information about ”Provision of Welfare to 'Irregular Migrants', 2013”, please contact the principal investigator.