cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/gdpe-h158
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Medvedevskoe Lake Air Temperature Reconstructions during the Last 12,000 Years

description: The use of chironomids (Diptera: Chironomidae) as indicators of changes in natural and climatic settings allows one to reconstruct paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental conditions. Based on the results of lithological and chironomid analyses, the loss on ignition (LOI) values, as well as the results of radiocarbon dating (14C AMS), new data on the paleoclimate in the Karelian Isthmus, in particular the quantitative reconstruction of the mean July temperature (TJuly, °C) in the Late Pleistocene and Holocene and the evolution of the ecosystem of Medvedevskoe Lake have been obtained.
description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file.
DOI: 10.25921/gn0t-m571
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Arctic Western Siberia Air Temperature Reconstructions during the last 4000 Years

description: The Putorana Plateau, western Siberia, situated on the boundary of the Atlantic and continental Siberian climate provinces, is sensitive to shifts in atmospheric circulation. Three lakes on an altitudinal transect were studied using chironomid subfossils to provide the first estimates of late Holocene climate in this remote, poorly studied region of Arctic Russia. The analysis of sediment cores from three closely located lakes is rare in palaeoenvironmental studies and enables the role of other environmental variables, which may be a potential source of error in palaeoclimatic reconstructions, to be assessed. The chironomid-based reconstructions suggest a more maritime climate c. 3400 cal. BP with July temperatures c. 1.5°C warmer than present which cooled rapidly by c. 2°C, with a more continental climate between 3200 and 2600 cal. BP. These trends are similar in timing and scale to other northern hemisphere records. The recent chironomid records from all three lakes show pronounced faunal changes over the last 50 years probably directly or indirectly because of climate-driven changes in catchment hydrology. This is particularly evident in the recent record from an open lake within a large wetland habitat, which appears relatively insensitive to changes in July air temperatures.
description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.at2ad4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Phymatosorus scandens",
 "Country is Zimbabwe",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020821-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/ghs8-v163
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Japan Sea Organic Carbon and Bulk Nitrogen Isotopes and Major and Trace Elements over the Past 11 Ma

description: A multi-proxy study including organic carbon and bulk nitrogen isotopes along with major and trace element concentrations in sediments from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Sites U1425 and U1430 in the Japan Sea has been conducted in order to trace deep-water evolution in the Japan Sea and the North Pacific since the late Miocene. The moderate Ba enrichment factors (BaEF) and high total organic carbon (TOC) flux in sediments, as well as other published geochemical and sedimentary evidence, indicate the occurrence of anoxic deep-water in the Japan Sea before ~7.4 Ma. The lower nitrogen isotope values probably suggest (nearly) complete denitrification in redox-stratified ocean. In contrast, the sharply enhanced primary production but decreased burial of organic matter during ~7.4−4 Ma, as shown by high BaEF values, together with low TOC flux, highlights deep-water oxygenation in the Japan Sea since that time. We argue that deep-water formation in the North Pacific ventilated the deep Japan Sea via northern deep seaways before the sea became semi-closed in the early Pliocene. The ocean oxygenation occurred synchronously with increased pole-to-equator temperature gradients driven by late Miocene global cooling, which could have intensified Hadley circulation and caused southward shift of mid-latitude storm tracks, leading to significantly decreased precipitation in mid-latitude regions; this is supported by rapid expansion of C4 vegetation and aridification in the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. The resultant increases in surface salinity in the North Pacific may have broken the ocean stratification and favored deep-water formation, and further caused deep-water ventilation in the Japan Sea.
description: Organic carbon (δ13Corg) and bulk nitrogen (δ15Nbulk) isotopes, and major and trace element concentrations at IODP Site U1425.
    Provided Keywords: primary productivity; deep-water ventilation; late Miocene cooling; Japan Sea; North Pacific
DOI: 10.25921/gj01-rk63
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Chaohu and Pingwang, China Air Temperature Reconstruction over the Last 10,500 Years

description: Quantitative proxy-based and high-resolution palaeoclimatic datasets are scarce for the lower reaches of the Yangtze River (LYR) basin. This region is in a transitional vegetation zone which is climatologically sensitive; and as a birthplace for prehistorical civilization in China, it is important to understand how palaeoclimatic dynamics played a role in affecting cultural development in the region. We present a pollen-based and regionally-averaged Holocene climatic twin-dataset for mean total annual precipitation (PANN) and mean annual temperature (TANN) covering the last 10,000 years for the LYR region. This is based on the technique of weighted averaging-partial least squares regression to establish robust calibration models for obtaining reliable climatic inferences. The pollen-based reconstructions generally show an early Holocene climatic optimum with both abundant monsoonal rainfall and warm thermal conditions, and a declining pattern of both PANN and TANN values in the middle to late Holocene. The main driving forces behind the Holocene climatic changes in the LYR area are likely summer solar insolation associated with tropical or subtropical macro-scale climatic circulations such as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH), and El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Regional multi-proxy comparisons indicate that the Holocene variations in precipitation and temperature for the LYR region display an in-phase relationship with other related proxy records from southern monsoonal China and the Indian monsoon-influenced regions, but are inconsistent with the Holocene moisture or temperature records from northern monsoonal China and the westerly-dominated region in northwestern China. Overall, our comprehensive palaeoclimatic dataset and models may be significant tools for understanding the Holocene Asian monsoonal evolution and for anticipating its future dynamics in eastern Asia.
description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file.
DOI: 10.25921/g5m2-h586
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stowell Lake Chironomid Assemblage Inferred Summer Temperatures for the Last 14,000 Years

description: Fossil midge remains in a sediment core from Lake Stowell, a low-elevation lake in coastal British Columbia, Canada, were used to assess temporal changes in chironomid communities and to produce quantitative estimates of mean July air temperature (MJAT) for the past 14,000 years based on two different transfer functions. Chironomid assemblages are diverse throughout much of the record, with most taxa present at low relative abundances. The basal portion of the sediment record is characterized by low head capsule concentrations, taxonomic diversity and organic matter content, all of which increase towards the early Holocene. Inferred temperatures suggest a cool late-glacial interval with a minimum MJAT of 12.5 °C, ~2 °C cooler than the inferred modern temperature. Summer temperatures gradually increased from this minimum until a brief cooling of as much as ~3 °C relative to modern that coincides with the Younger Dryas chronozone. An interval of warmer summers with MJAT of ~16 to 18 °C (2–3 °C warmer than modern) is inferred between ~10,500 and 8000 cal year BP. This early Holocene warm period was followed by generally cooler inferred temperatures in the middle and late Holocene. The midge-inferred temperature record from Lake Stowell is generally consistent with other temperature reconstructions from the region based on chironomid remains and other climate proxies. This research underscores the potential of low-elevation, mid-latitude sites for chironomid-based temperature reconstructions. In order to maximize the availability of modern analogues for robust temperature reconstructions from similar sites, calibration datasets should be expanded to include more sites from the warm end of the temperature gradient.
description: Metadata are from the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data are from the supplemental material of Lemmen and Lacourse 2018 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-017-9998-3).
DOI: 10.25921/g67a-0k48
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Esper - Punkaharju Dry - PISY - ITRDB FINL093

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/g1th-dw16
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Cape Basin Authigenic Nd and Benthic Stable Isotope Data Over the Past 150 kyr

description: A common conception of the deep ocean during ice age episodes is that the upper circulation cell in the Atlantic was shoaled at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) compared to today, and that this configuration facilitated enhanced carbon storage in the deep ocean, contributing to glacial CO2 draw-down. Here we test this notion in the far South Atlantic, investigating changes in glacial circulation structure using paired neodymium and benthic carbon isotope measurements from International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Site U1479, at 2615 m water depth in the Cape Basin. We infer changes in circulation structure across the last glacial cycle by aligning our site with other existing carbon and neodymium isotope records from the Cape Basin, examining vertical isotope gradients, while determining the relative timing of inferred circulation changes at different depths. We find that Site U1479 had the most negative neodymium isotopic composition across the last glacial cycle among the analyzed sites, indicating that this depth was most strongly influenced by North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) in both interglacial and glacial intervals. This observation precludes a hypothesized dramatic shoaling of NADW above ~2000 m. Our evidence, however, indicates greater stratification between mid-depth and abyssal sites throughout the last glacial cycle, conditions that developed in Marine Isotope Stage 5. These conditions still may have contributed to glacial carbon storage in the deep ocean, despite little change in the mid-depth ocean structure.
DOI: 10.25921/gvtj-sa34
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Opiasa - Sedrun Uaul Prau Nausch - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT409

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Reference: 
# Opiasa M. 2016. Predisposition of Norway spruce to European spruce bark beetle infestation 
# and spatial development of an outbreak after a windthrow. Master thesis. ETH Zurich, Zurich. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-05-03.
DOI: 10.25921/gtmc-r923
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Gulf of Oman Coral Sr/Ca and d18O Data from 1986-2013 CE

description: We used a high-resolution oxygen isotope (δ18Ocoral), carbon isotope (δ13Ccoral) and Sr/Ca ratios measured in the skeleton of a reef-building coral, Porites sp., to reveal seasonal-scale upwelling events and their interannual variability in the Gulf of Oman. Our δ13Ccoral record shows sharp negative excursions in the summer, which correlate with known upwelling events. Using δ13Ccoral anomalies as a proxy for upwelling, we found 17 summer upwelling events occurred in the last 26 years. These anomalous negative excursions of δ13Ccoral result from upwelled water depleted in 13C (dissolved inorganic carbon) and decreased water-column transparency. We reconstructed biweekly SSTs from coral Sr/Ca ratios and the oxygen isotopic composition of seawater (δ18OSW) by subtracting the reconstructed Sr/Ca-SST from δ18Ocoral. Significant δ18OSW anomalies occur during major upwelling events. Our results suggest δ13Ccoral anomalies can be used as a proxy for seasonal upwelling intensity in the Gulf of Oman, which, driven by the Indian/Arabian Summer Monsoon, is subject to interannual variability.
DOI: 10.25921/gtd7-2k15
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Brice - Sunset Crater Update - PIPO - ITRDB AZ607

description: Snowpack in the western U.S. is on the decline, largely attributed to increasing temperatures in the region. This is a critical issue for many Native American communities who disproportionately rely on local snow-fed water supplies. In light of a combined ongoing drought and limited climate information for the Navajo Nation, Navajo water managers face decision-making challenges complicated by past and future climate uncertainty. Developed in partnership with the Navajo Nation Water Management Branch, this study documents two snowpack reconstruction options to address Navajo concerns about the amount and variability of snowpack in the Chuska Mountains. We used two separate snowpack datasets with tree rings collected in northern Arizona to develop and evaluate reconstructions of Chuska snowpack and their potential relevance and usefulness to Navajo water managers' decision-making. We found that both reconstructions skillfully estimated snowpack, though there were differences that may have meaningful implications for water managers. Major snow droughts occurred roughly once per century over the last 300 years, with droughts in 1728-1744, 1818-1834, 1950-1977, and 1999-2006. Extremely dry individual years in each reconstruction punctuate multi-year drought periods in a way that has not been recognized from instrumental data alone and that can have a large influence on the overall intensity of a given drought. The reconstruction that is most representative of Chuska snowpack has less explanatory power than the regionally representative reconstruction, but the Chuska reconstruction effectively captures snowpack extremes and snow drought timing unique to the Chuska Mountains, and may hold greater relevance to Navajo water management.
description: Update to Sunset Crater collection, ITRDB Site Code AZ564.
 Cores with IDs SCUxxx are 2016 update, measurement precision .001mm, series end flag -9999.
 Cores with IDs SUNxxx are original 2003 collection, measurement precision .01mm, series end flag 999. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-08-05.
DOI: 10.25921/g4q2-2072
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Platte Mound Trail - QUMA - ITRDB WI044

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/g1hc-f911
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus

description: Paleoscience data are extremely heterogeneous; hundreds of different types of measurements and reconstructions are routinely made by scientists on a variety of types of physical samples. This heterogeneity is one of the biggest barriers to finding paleoclimatic records, to building large-scale data products, and to the use of paleoscience data beyond the community of specialists. Here, we document the Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) thesaurus, the first authoritative vocabulary of standardized variable names for paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental data developed in a formal knowledge organization structure. This structure is designed to improve data set discovery, support automated processing of data, and provide connectivity to other vocabularies. PaST is now used operationally at the World Data Service for Paleoclimatology (WDS-Paleo), one of the largest repositories of paleoscience information. Terms from the PaST thesaurus standardize a broad array of paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic measured and inferred variables, providing enough detail for accurate and precise data discovery and thereby promoting data reuse. We describe the main design decisions and features of the thesaurus, the governance structure for ongoing maintenance, and WDS-Paleo services that now employ PaST. These services include an advanced search by variable name, an interface for thesaurus navigation, and a machine-readable representation in the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) standard. This overview is designed for developers of thesauri, data contributors, and users of the WDS-Paleo, and serves as a building block for future efforts within the broader paleoscience community to improve how data are described for long-term findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability.
description: The World Data Service for Paleoclimatology defines measured variables using the PaST thesaurus of standard terms. These terms describe the quantity measured, the material on which it was measured, reported error, units, analytical or statistical methods, transformations made to raw data, reconstructed seasonality, data type, and data format. Standard terms organize heterogeneous paleoclimate datasets and improve the findability, interoperability, and reusability of data.

Versioning of the PaST thesaurus is described in the thesaurus governance document at: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/PaST-governance.pdf. SKOS representations of  released versions are in https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS. SKOS that is downloadable from the PaST Navigator (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo-search/cvterms) includes incremental changes made since the last version release.

CHANGELOG:
   12-2-2020: Version 1.0 available at https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS/past-thesaurus-v1.0.rdf
DOI: 10.25921/g2e3-1235
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Palawan Island, South China Sea Coral Radiocarbon Data from 1947-1981 CE

description: Compared to the natural production of 14C, thermonuclear tests have produced a globally abnormal 14C signal. To examine and reconstruct ocean circulation in the South China Sea (SCS), we generated a prebomb to postbomb 14C time series from a Porites lobata coral from the west side of Palawan Island, Philippines. Results show a diluted early bomb 14C intrusion in late 1955. We use this record to extend our understanding of the surface ocean circulation in and around the SCS by tracing 14C labeled water from nuclear test sites. Our postbomb D14C peaked at 154 per mil in 1975, which lags ~10 years from the atmospheric peak, consistent with other marine records. This coral record also displayed clear seasonal D14C cycles indicating different surface waters passed the Palawan Island coral site due to seasonal variations of the East Asian Monsoon.
description: Coral radiocarbon and oxygen isotope data at monthly resolution from the west side of Palawan Island, South China Sea from 1947 to 1981