cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288478
title: EFFECT OF THE PARASITOID AND HOST AGE ON THE REPRODUCTION OF TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSUM RILEY (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) IN EGGS OF BONAGOTA SALUBRICOLA (MEYRICK) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

description: ABSTRACT Biological characteristics ofTrichogramma pretiosumRiley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) strain bonagota with three ages on eggs of Bonagota salubricola (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) at five embryonic developmental stages was studied under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1º C, 70 ± 10% of relative humidity and 14 hours of photophase). B. salubricola eggs with 0–24, 24–48, 48–72, 72–96, 96–120 hours of embryonic developmental stages were offered to T. pretiosum during 24 hours using parasitoid females with 0–24, 24–48 and 48–72 life hours. Parasitoid females with age of 0– 24 hours showed a higher parasitism rate in eggs of B. salubricola with 24–48 hours of embryonic development. Females with age of 24–48 and 48–72 hours, showed a preference for eggs with 0– 24 hours of embryonic development. Adult emergence and sex ratio ranged from 20.0 to 60.0% and from 0.56 to 0.85 respectively. The number of parasitoids/egg was always more than one, ranging from 1.03 to 1.14. The ideal for a biological control program of B. salubricola using T. pretiosum strain bonagota is to use parasitoids with a maximum of 24 hours of age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288476
title: STUDY OF A RICINUS COMMUNIS L. (CASTOR OIL) DERIVATIVE AS A BIOCIDAL AGENT AND VISCOSITY REDUCER ON LEUCONOSTOC MESENTEROIDES IN THE SUGAR AND ALCOHOL INDUSTRIES

description: ABSTRACT Castor-oil, extracted from seeds of Ricinus communis L., is normally used in natura or in its modified form in the medical, pharmaceutical and industrial areas. One of its chemical derivates – Poliquilgerm® – has shown antifungal properties on Candida albicans, and bacteriostatic/bactericide effects on Escherichia coli reaching 99.9%. Considering these features, in the present study Poliquilgerm® was applied in cultures of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, a frequent contaminant bacterium of musts in the sugar and alcohol industries. This bacterium, when a contaminant of must, produces lactic acid as well as dextran, a polymer of glucose which may increase the viscosity of fluids in the operation. The present study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of Poliquilgerm® on viscosity produced by L. mesenteroides cultures under different conditions of various culture media, pH and temperature. A 20.56% decrease in viscosity was verified when 1.0% of the product was used, and bacterium growth inhibition after 20 hours in media with 1.0 and 0.2% of Poliquilgerm®. L. mesenteroides showed a higher growth rate in pH 6.0, at both 28 and 33º C, evidenced by greater biomass production. Also, in the culture media at this pH a greater decrease in viscosity percentages was verified at both concentrations used. The media with these same concentrations reached up to 100% decrease of UFC/mL after 24 hours in the presence of the product, observed by biomass quantification and confirmed by the Pour Plate technique.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288475
title: EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON LADY BEETLES HIPPODAMIA CONVERGENS GUÉRIN-MENEVILLE (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) IN COTTON PLANT

description: ABSTRACT The combination of chemical and biological methods to control pests is essential to ensure the sustainability of agricultural system, to reduce using of chemicals products. The objective this work was to evaluate the effects of insecticides on the coccinellid predatory Hyppodamia convergens, the cotton plant, in conditions laboratory and field. Were the following treatments established, expressed in g or mL of active ingredient of insecticide per hectare: flonicamid to 50, 80 and 150 g, thiamethoxam at 200 g to 150 g acetamiprid, imidacloprid to 250 mL and control without application. The evaluation effect of insecticides applied directly and indirectly (residual effects on leaves) on H. convergens, was performed by quantification of insects survived to 7 days after application. Based on the results of experiments, we can conclude that among the insecticides evaluated, flonicamid caused the lower mortality of H. convergens. The insecticides thiamethoxam, acetamiprid and imidacloprid showed similar behavior, causing high mortality of H. convergens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288474
title: EFFECT OF PESTICIDE APPLICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTROL OF STINK BUGS IN THE SOYBEAN CROP

description: ABSTRACT Stink bugs are an important pest in the soybean crop. The aim of this research was to evaluate the control of this pest with pesticides applied at two air speeds using an air assisted sleeve boom sprayer arranged with two nozzles. Two experiments were carried out at FCA/UNESP Botucatu, SP (Brazil), using soybean plants of the Conquista variety (season 2006/2007). The experimental design was randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions in a 2 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme (two levels of air speed, 0 and 100%, two nozzles: flat fan nozzle AXI 11002 and hollow cone nozzle JA-2, plus nontreated plots). The insecticide tiametoxam associated with lambdacialotrina (experiment 1) at 25.38 + 19.08 g i.a. ha-1 and endosulfan (experiment 2) at 437.5 g.i.a. per hectare were applied in the growth stage V6 with support of the spray Advanced Vortex 2000 using a volume rates of 200 L ha-1 for both treatments and experiments. The evaluations before (0) and 1, 3, 6, 10 and 14 days after applications were made by the method of hits on the cloth. The average numbers of stink bugs were significantly lower in treated plots in relation to nontreated plots. In general, there was no statistical difference between the application technologies in both experiments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288471
title: EFFECT OF CRUDE EXTRACT AND ESSENTIAL OIL OF ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L. ON THE IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF CORYNESPORA CASSIICOLA AND PROTECTION OF CUCUMBER AGAINST CORINESPORA LEAF SPOT

description: ABSTRACT The control of diseases by using crude extracts (CE) and essential oils (EO) are being investigated as an alternative to conventional fungicides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of aqueous extracts and essential oil of Achillea millefolium on mycelial growth, sporolution and spores germination of Corynespora cassiicola, as well as peroxidase activity in cucumber plants. For this, crude extract (1; 5; 10; 20 and 25%) was incorporated into potato dextrose agar medium (PDA), and essential oil (20, 40, 60, 100 and 200 mL) was distributed over the surface of the PDA. The mycelial growth was measured daily for 7 days. In the in vivo test, cucumber plants were sprayed with crude extracts at concentrations 1; 10 and 25%, and Saccharomyces cereviseae 20% (control), 4 and 2 days before and the same time as inoculation with C. cassiicola. The severity of disease and peroxidase activity were evaluated. For crude extract, neither mycelial growth nor spore germination and sporulation was inhibited at any of the tested concentrations. In the treatments with essential oil there was inhibition up to 63% of the mycelial growth. In the sporulation and spores germination the inhibition was 100% and 98%, respectively, for 200uL of EO. In the control of the disease the mosteffective treatment was the crude extract 25% when carried out at the same time as the inoculation. In the evaluated period, no peroxidase activity was found.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288468
title: BOVINE CLOSTRIDIAL MYONECROSIS

description: ABSTRACT Clostridial myonecroses are highly fatal diseases, characterized by black leg and malignant oedema. In order to determine the occurrence of the different agents involved in Brazilian clostridial myonecrosis, a retrospective study was conducted concerning 30 suspected cases of blackleg and gas gangrene using a streptavidin-biotin peroxidase technique in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of cattle from the archives of pathology of different states of Brazil. The clostridia predominantly detected wereClostridium chauvoei(70%), followed by Clostridium septicum (5 cases or 17%), C. chauvoei plus C. septicum (2 cases or 7%), C. chauvoei plus Clostridium sordellii (1 case or 3%), C. chauvoei plus Clostridium novyi type A (1 case or 3%). This is the first diagnosis of C. novyi type A in Brazil. The findings of the higher occurrence of C. chauvoei and C. septicum concur with previous works in Brazil. This article also includes the first report in Brazil of the occurrence of C. chauvoei associated with a lesion in the myocardium. Thus, this study supplies important data about the occurrence of the agents responsible for clostridial myonecrosis in different states of Brazil, these data being important for decisions relative to control of these diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288466
title: GRANULOMATOUS MENINGOMYELOENCEPHALITIS IN A CALF CAUSED BY MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS

description: ABSTRACT Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, characterized by respiratory disorders, emaciation and lymphadenomegaly. Neurological signs associated with granulomatous lesions in the central nervous system are rarely seen. In Brazil, the National Program for Control and Eradication of bovine tuberculosis has begun in 2001, and notification of the disease is compulsory. A case of tuberculous meningomyeloencephalitis is reported in a dairy calf less than one year old presenting neurological signs (irritability, aggressiveness, weakness, dizziness and recumbency) which progressed to death in three days. Brain, spinal cord, and lung tissue samples were examined histopathologically. The spinal cord showed granulomatous meningomyelitis with Langhans giant cells in the meninges and perivascular mononuclear cuffing in the white and gray matter. There were a few granulomas in the cerebral cortex with a central area of necrosis surrounded by mononuclear infiltrate. Mononuclear perivascular cuffing, satellitosis, hyperemia, and severe granulomatous meningitis with Langhans giant cells were observed in the neuropile. Samples of brain were inoculated into Petragnani and Stonebrink media. M. bovis was isolated and identified by PCR with JB21-JB22 primers. Considering the 2,888 samples of bovine CNS sent for surveillance of neurological syndrome and negative for Rabies, this was the only case of tuberculous meningomyeloencephalitis (0,035%) diagnosed from 2004 to 2008 by the Laboratory of Anatomopathology of Instituto Biológico. Although tuberculous meningomyeloencephalitis is not so frequent, it’s important to diagnose M. bovis as a causative agent of bovine neurological disorders. In accordance with Brazilian regulations, sanitary measures in the infected herd (test-and-slaughter) should be adopted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288463
title: RESISTANCE TO IVERMECTIN IN POPULATIONS OF MUSCA DOMESTICA (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) FROM POULTRY FARMS

description: ABSTRACT Larvicidal effect and resistance to ivermectin in 10 populations of Musca domestica from poultry farms was evaluated by concentration-response bioassays. For this purpose, the larval growth medium was treated with different concentrations of ivermectin (0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 ppm). As a result, larvicidal activity of ivermectin was observed and some anomalies were detected in pupae. The population from Monte Mor, SP, was the most resistant to ivermectin (LC50 = 0.262 ppm and RF = 13.1). Fly populations from Campinas, SP (LC50 = 0.141 ppm and RF = 7.1), Promissão, SP (LC50 = 0.110 ppm and RF = 5.5), Santa Cruz da Conceição, SP (LC50 = 0.102 ppm and RF = 5.1), Holambra, SP (LC50 = 0.071 ppm and RF = 3.6) and Hortolândia, SP (LC50 = 0.068 ppm and RF = 3.4) were more resistant than the ones from Sumaré, SP (LC50 = 0.052 ppm and RF = 2.6), Sarapuí, SP (LC50 = 0.050 ppm and RF = 2.5), and Itanhandu, MG (LC50 = 0.047 ppm and RF = 2.4). The population most susceptible to ivermectin was that from Grande Porto Alegre, RS (LC50 = 0.020 ppm and RF = 1.0). The results indicate that ivermectin can be effective against larvae ofM. domestica. However, since resistance was suspected in some of the populations studied, it is important to carry out new studies in these places.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288462
title: SELECTIVITY OF INSECTICIDES USED IN THE CORN CROP TO ADULTS OFDORU LINEARE (ESCHSCHOLTZ, 1822) (DERMAPTERA: FORFICULIDAE)

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of insecticides used in the corn crop to Doru lineare (Eschscholtz, 1822) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), following methodology suggested by IOBC/WPRS, under laboratory conditions. Adult insects were placed on glass plates or fed on Spodoptera frugiperda eggs, both containing previously sprayed insecticide residues. The adult mortality by the residual contact was used to classify insecticides as harmless (&lt; 30%), slightly harmful (30-79%), moderately harmful (80-99%) and harmful (&gt; 99%). The adult mortality due to consumption of the contaminated eggs was compared to the control. For adults ofD. linearein residual contact after 360 HASE (hours after start of exposure) the insecticides Decis 25 EC, Dimilin, Engeo Pleno, Karate Zeon 250 CS, Lorsban 480 BR, Match EC, Neem Azal and Sevin 480 SC were harmful. Certero, Fastac 100 SC and Tracer were moderately harmful. Intrepid 240 SC and Mimic 240 SC were slightly harmful. The mortality of adults after consumption of contaminated eggs was noteworthy for the insecticides Certero, Dimilin, Tracer, Engeo Pleno, Lorsban 480 BR and Sevin 480 SC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288460
title: USE OF SPOLIGOTYPING FOR GENETIC TYPING OF MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS ISOLATES FROM SLAUGHTERED ANIMALS IN THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF SALVADOR, BAHIA, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Tuberculosis is an infectious chronic disease that affects mammals and birds and constitutes a serious problem for public and animal health. Pulmonary and mediastinic lymph node lesions of 43 animals slaughtered in 3 slaughterhouses in the metropolitan region of the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, were analyzed with the objective of obtaining a molecular survey of the disease in bovines slaughtered in slaughterhouses in the state. Seven isolates ofMycobacterium bovis were identified through the spoligotyping technique and classified into 3 different spoligotypes (SB1055, SB0120, SB0268), described in Brazil and in many areas worldwide. The results indicate that the diagnostic method utilized may contribute to the creation of a database for the epidemiologic study of bovine tuberculosis in the state of Bahia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288459
title: ISOLATION OF CORYNEBACTERIUM PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS FROM THE SEMEN OF A SHEEP IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The present paper describes the isolation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis from a semen sample of a Suffolk ram from São Martinho da Serra County, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Physical examination revealed a subcutaneous mass close to the insertion of the scrotum, more specifically around the left pampiniform plexus. A routine andrological exam with semen collection was performed. Also, the mass was aspirated yielding a viscous greenish material. Samples were sent to a bacteriology lab for culture and identification. Gram positive coccobacillus C. pseudotuberculosis was isolated from both samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288458
title: EFFECT OF PLANT EXTRACTS ON THE MORTALITY OF SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (J. E. SMITH) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) CATERPILLARS

description: ABSTRACT The armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is considered the main pest of the maize crop, being responsible for the intense use of synthetic insecticide in agricultural areas and the consequent rise in costs and environmental concerns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 20 plant extracts on the larval mortality of S. frugiperda. Extracts were obtained through a mix of plant leaves or roots, in a 1:10 proportion. The infusion was obtained by the addition of hot water at 90ºC and the grinding was prepared with water at 4º C. Sixty second-instar caterpillars were used per treatment in the bioassays when 100 ?L of plant extracts were applied, while distilled water was applied in the control treatments. The plant extracts were assessed by spectrophotometry and SDS-PAGE. Of the 20 species tested, 7 showed mortality for caterpillars S. frugiperda. Petiveria alliacea. Malva sylvestris. Bacharis genistelloides,Zengiber officinale. Artemisia verlotorum,Cymbopogon citratus and Ruta graveolens. Mortality rates caused by these extracts must be related to substances that have not been evaluated and should be the target of future studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288456
title: SOMATIC CELL COUNTS, COMPOSITION AND TOTAL BACTERIAL COUNTS OF MILK FROM DAIRY FARMS IN THE CITIES OF MIRANDA DO NORTE, ITAPECURÚ-MIRIM AND SANTA RITA, MARANHÃO STATE, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate somatic cell counts (SCC), composition and total bacterial counts (TBC) of milk from dairy farms in Miranda do Norte, Itapecurú-Mirim and Santa Rita, all located in Brazilian Maranhão state. In the A period, it were verified means of 2,236,700 somatic cells/mL; 3.87% fat; 3.19% protein; 4.36% lactose; 12.25% (TS); 8.55% non-fat solids (NFS) and 677.90 clonies forming unit (CFU)/mL. In the winter period means were 2,629,950 cells/mL; 3.87% fat; 3.27% protein; 4.45% lactose; 13.19% TS; 8.74% NFS and 8,421,35 CFU/mL. Regarding sazonality, both SCC and TBC means were higher during the period B than during the period A.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288453
title: RESIDUAL ACTION OF INSECTICIDES TO LARVAE AND ADULTS OF THE PREDATOR CYCLONEDA SANGUINEA LINNAEUS, 1763 (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE)

description: ABSTRACT The residual action of the insecticides imidacloprid/Beta-cyfluthrin, clothianidin and chlorfenapyr was evaluated in regard to third-instar larvae and adults of the predator Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus). Cotton seeds of the cultivar BRS IPÊ were sowed in PVC pots and the plants were maintained in the greenhouse. Upon reaching 25 days of age, the plants were sprayed with the lowest dosages of the products recommended by the manufacturers, using a manual sprayer. The insecticides evaluated in g a.i.L-1 of water were imidacloprid/Beta-cyfluthrin (Imidacloprido/Beta-ciflutrina 100/12.5 CS – 0.25/0.03), clothianidin (Clotianidina 500 WP – 0.33) and chlorfenapyr (Clorfenapir 240 CS0.80). Distilled water was used as a control. Previously marked leaves, from each treatment, were removed from the plants and taken to the laboratory where they were placed in Petri dishes containing bacteriologic agar solution. Eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) were placed on cotton leaves following the release of a Trichogramma specimen per dish after 1, 12, 23 and 35 days from pesticides application. Each Petri dish was immediately closed with plastic PVC film. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with 4 treatments and 12 replicates, each one formed by 3 third-instar larvae or 1 couple of adults. The number of dead larvae and adults in each treatment was examined 12, 24 and 48 hours after exposure to the chemicals. The products were classified according to categories proposed by the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC). All the compounds tested were evaluated as class 4 = persistent, causing mortality above 30% up to 31 days after application on cotton leaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288451
title: MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY IN BOVINE CARCASSES AND THE INFLUENCE OF REFRIGERATION ON CONTAMINATING MICROBIOTA

description: ABSTRACT With the aim of evaluating the presence of microorganisms in bovine carcasses and the influence of refrigeration on the contaminating microbiotics, some samples were collected from the outer surface of half-carcasses in these regions (rump, loin and rib), after washing and after 24 hours under refrigeration. The average of the mesophilic heterotrofic, psychrotrofic andStaphylococcusmicroorgarnisms, obtained immediately after the carcass washing were respectively 1.8 x 10, 6.4 x 10 and 3.5 x 10 CFU/cm2, while for the samples collected after refrigeration these values were 1.3 x 10, 1.6 x 102 and 5.2 x 10 CFU/cm2. The populations were considered low due to the hygienic practices during the slaughter process, and the differences observed between the averages of the two groups of samples were not statistically significant, leading to the conclusion that that was not an increase of the microorganism population, thus demonstrating the efficacy of the refrigeration process after the slaughter.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288450
title: THERMAL REQUIREMENTS AND ESTIMATIVE OF NUMBER OF GENERATIONS OF SPALANGIA ENDIUS WALKER, 1839 (HYMENOPTERA, PTEROMALIDAE) IN PELOTAS, RS, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to estimate the thermal requirements and the number of generations, monthly and annually, of Spalangia endius in pupae of Musca domestica at four constant temperatures. The development period of S. endius was obtained through 100 pupae of M. domestica, with ages between 24-48 hours, exposed for 24 hour to the parasitoids for each temperature, with three replicas. After this period the pupae were individualized in assay tubes and placed in B.O.D. with temperatures of 20, 25, 30 and 35º C and humidity ≥ 70% and photophase (12h), where they were observed daily until the emergence of the parasitoids. The temperature influenced the duration of the development period of S. endius. The shorter period form egg to adult was at 35º C (16.84 days) and the higher percentage of emergence was at 20º C (37%). The basis temperature was 11.27ºC with a thermal constant of 390.96 degrees-day (DD). The development period was inversely proportional to temperature and the medium of generations per year was 7.24, varying from 7.03 to 7.48.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288448
title: PATHOGENICITY INDEX, PRODUCTION OF HEMOLYSIN AND SEROGROUP OF SAMPLES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM COMMERCIAL LAYING HENS

description: ABSTRACT This work evaluated the index of pathogenicity, the production of hemolysin and determination of serogroups in Escherichia coli strains isolated from liver of commercial laying hens with one day of age. Thirtytwo lots were analyzed, of which 15 were positive for the isolation ofE. coli in the liver, for a total of 24 samples. The pathogenicity in one-day-old chicks was determined by inoculation in air sac and was classified as high, intermediate or low pathogenicity, or non-pathogenic. Serogroups were identified using a set of anti-O antisera (O1 to O180). The production of hemolysin was determined by plating on chicken blood agar (8%) and sheep blood agar (8%). Of the samples studied, 17 (70.83%) were classified as non-pathogenic, 6 (25%) as low pathogenicity and 1 (4.17%) as high pathogenicity. Fourteen different serogroups were identified: O1, O2, O5, O8, O15, O18, O22, O36, O64, O70, O75, O115, O132 and O141, while 5 samples were non-typable. Regarding the test for production of hemolysin, all strains were considered negative for both the test performed with chicken blood agar and that with sheep blood agar. The results of this study demonstrate the importance of identifying the prevalent strains of E. coli in different producing regions, as this information can be used in epidemiological studies.