DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r2280gbp1
title: Data from: Light-level geolocators and species distribution modeling reveal that the vulnerable Sporophila cinnamomea (Chestnut Seedeater) migrates through the Paraná-Paraguay System to Central Brazil

description: The movement ecology of migratory Sporophila seedeaters in the Neotropics,
 particularly their migratory routes and nonbreeding areas, remains poorly
 understood. This study aimed to fill this gap by providing a detailed
 description of these migratory routes, stopovers, and nonbreeding areas
 using light-level geolocators on Sporophila cinnamomea (Chestnut
 Seedeater), a vulnerable species that breeds in southern South America.
 Species Distribution Modelling was employed to estimate the probability of
 occurrence at distribution extremes. Over 3 breeding seasons (October to
 March 2018–2021), geolocators were affixed to 14 adult males. The overall
 device recovery rate was 64% (n = 9), and these eight devices operated on
 average for 301 days. Autumn migration commenced on 24 February, lasting
 46 days and spanning 1,679 km, with an average of 2.38 ± 0.92
 stopovers—twice the number observed during spring migration (1.40 ± 0.89).
 We identified eight nonbreeding areas utilized by the birds for an average
 of 145 days, primarily located between the northern and northeastern
 regions of the Paraná and Paraguay Rivers and the southern Tocantins
 River. Spring migration began in early September, lasted approximately 58
 days, and covered 2,940 km. In both migrations, birds followed routes
 along the Paraná-Paraguay River valleys, with no significant difference in
 the number of stopovers detected between seasons. The nonbreeding period
 model indicated high habitat suitability in two regions within the Cerrado
 biome, particularly a larger area predominantly in the southern and then
 in the central regions of the Tocantins River. In the southern limit, the
 breeding model highlighted the most representative area, which is located
 in the central-eastern region of the Uruguay River. Our study offers
 valuable insights into the migratory patterns of S. cinnamomea. These
 findings should be used to inform the planning and establishment of
 protected areas aimed at conserving grassland species.
description: # Light-level geolocators and species distribution modeling reveal that
 the Vulnerable Sporophila cinnamomea (Chestnut Seedeater) migrates through
 the Paraná-Paraguay System to Central Brazil
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r2280gbp1](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.r2280gbp1) ## Description of the data and file structure This dataset belongs to the manuscript titled: "Light-level geolocators and species distribution modeling reveal that the vulnerable Sporophila cinnamomea (Chestnut Seedeater) migrates through the Paraná-Paraguay System to Central Brazil" published in Ornithological Applications with doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duaf002 and the authors are as follows:  Jonas Rafael Rodrigues Rosoni, [jonas.rosoni@gmail.com](mailto:jonas.rosoni@gmail.com) Carla Suertegaray Fontana, [xolmis@gmail.com](mailto:xolmis@gmail.com) Hernandi Francisco Krammes Filho, [hernandik@gmail.com](mailto:hernandik@gmail.com) Caio José Carlos, [macronectes1@gmail.com](mailto:macronectes1@gmail.com) This repository contains general data on the migrations of the Chestnut Seedeater (*Sporophila cinnamomea*), covering both the spring and autumn migrations. The data is presented in Excel spreadsheets and provides an overview of the migratory movements of the birds. Additionally, Sporophila cinnamomea is globally vulnerable to extinction, and to protect the species from its main threat, wildlife trafficking, we provide location data with low precision. However, the corresponding author will provide the data used in this article upon request. ### Files and variables #### File: Migration\_Data\_ChestnutSeedeater.xlsx **Description:** This spreadsheet contains data for each individual with a geolocator, including the migration period referred to as "season," duration in days for each migration, distance traveled in kilometers, and migration speed per day and per hour. ##### Variables: 5 Season: autumn/spring Migration duration: day Distance: km Speed: km/day and km/hour #### File: Stopover\_Autumn\_ChestnutSeedeater.xlsx **Description:** This spreadsheet contains data for autumn migration, where "behavior" refers to the migration period (autumn/spring), arrival and departure dates for each stopover, and the latitude and longitude of each stopover location. ##### Variables: 3 #### File: Individual\_Weight\_Geolocator\_Recovery-ChestnutSeedeater.xlsx **Description:** This refers to the body mass of the individuals after the removal of the geolocation devices. ##### Variables: 2 #### File: Stopover\_Spring\_ChestnutSeedeater.xlsx **Description:** This spreadsheet contains data for spring, where "behavior" refers to the migration period (autumn/spring), arrival and departure dates for each stopover, and the latitude and longitude of each stopover location. ##### Variables: 3 #### File: Individual\_Weight\_Geolocator\_Deployment\_ChestnutSeedeater.xlsx **Description:** This refers to the body mass of the individuals before the deployment of the geolocation devices. ##### Variables: 2 #### File: LatLong\_EnvironmentalVariables\_ChesnutSeedeater.xlsx **Description:** The file contains latitude and longitude data for the species (with low precision), along with environmental variables used for SDM. These data include variables such as average temperature, precipitation, probability of S. parviflora, probability of P. plicatulim, elevation, and distance to wetlands, intended for analyses related to species distribution modeling. ##### Variables: 6 Precipitation: mm Temperature: °C Setpar (Setaria parviflora): % Paspli (Paspalum plicatulum): % Elevation: m Wetland distance: km ## Code/software We follow the codes according to: Lisovski, S., Bauer, S., Briedis, M., Davidson, S.C., Dhanjal-Adams, K.L., Hallworth, M.T., Karagicheva, J., Meier, C.M., Merkel, B., Ouwehand, J., Pedersen, L., Rakhimberdiev, E., Roberto-Charron, A., Seavy, N.E., Sumner, M.D., Taylor, C.M., Wotherspoon, S.J. & E.S. Bridge (2019) Light-Level Geolocator Analyses: A user’s guide. Journal of Animal Ecology. DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13036 This is available at: [https://geolocationmanual.vogelwarte.ch/index.html](https://geolocationmanual.vogelwarte.ch/index.html)