cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125057
title: Supplementary Material for: Plasma Fatty Acid Composition and Incident Ischemic Stroke in Middle-Aged Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The association of individual fatty acids with ischemic stroke has not been thoroughly studied, and results have been inconsistent. Few prospective studies have systematically explored the association of biomarkers of fatty acid intake with stroke. The aim of this study was<b> </b>to explore which individual plasma fatty acids would be associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke among whites. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We studied 3,870 white men and women from the Minneapolis field center of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, aged 45-64 years at baseline (1987-1989), who had plasma cholesterol ester (CE) and phospholipid (PL) fatty acids measured. Participants were followed through 2008 for incident ischemic stroke. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) across quartiles of each fatty acid, measured as the percentage of total fatty acids, were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a maximum of 22 years of follow-up, we identified 168 cases of ischemic stroke. After adjustment for age and sex, plasma levels of saturated fatty acids were associated positively: HR (95% CI) of the highest versus the lowest quartile for CE fraction was 1.93 (1.23-3.04, p for trend = 0.01) and that for PL fraction was 1.64 (1.05-2.57, p for trend = 0.03). There was also a positive linear association with monounsaturated fatty acids, especially with palmitoleic acid: HR (95% CI) of the highest versus the lowest quartile for CE fraction was 1.86 (1.20-2.87, p for trend = 0.003) and that for PL fraction was 1.52 (0.99-2.34, p for trend = 0.005). No associations of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with ischemic stroke were observed, but linoleic acid was inversely and nonlinearly associated with ischemic stroke: HR (95% CI) of the highest versus the lowest quartile for CE fraction was 0.64 (0.43-0.97, p for trend = 0.13) and that for PL fraction was 0.69 (0.45-1.05, p for trend = 0.24). These associations were generally unchanged after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In this US cohort of whites, we found significant positive associations of plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, especially of palmitoleic acid, with ischemic stroke. We also found an inverse nonlinear association between linoleic acid and ischemic stroke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125060
title: Supplementary Material for: Chronische Bauchschmerzen: Psychosoziale Belastung und behandlungsinduzierte Veränderungen in der Krankheitsbewältigung

description: <b><i>Hintergrund: </i></b>Chronische Bauchschmerzen (CBS) sind im Kindesalter nicht nur weit verbreitet, sondern auch sehr stabil. Insbesondere psychosoziale Funktionseinschränkungen wie ein erhöhtes Stresserleben belasten die Kinder und deren Eltern und erschweren das Krankheitsmanagement; weitere komorbide Störungen können sich entwickeln. Dies legt nahe, dass eine Behandlung frühzeitig einsetzen und zudem auch die psychosozialen Aspekte mit berücksichtigen muss. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde das kognitiv-behaviorale, kindzentrierte Gruppenprogramm «Stopp den Schmerz mit Happy-Pingu» entwickelt und evaluiert. Wie ist die psychosoziale Situation der betroffenen Kinder? Ist das kognitiv-behaviorale Programm in der Lage, psychosoziale Einschränkungen zu verbessern? <b><i>Methodik: </i></b>Das Programm besteht aus 6 Sitzungen für die Kinder sowie 1 Elternabend; die Trainingssitzungen fanden 1-mal wöchentlich statt. Im Rahmen einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie wurde das Programm an 29 Kindern im Alter zwischen 6 und 12 Jahren auf seine Wirksamkeit hin überprüft. Die Evaluation erfolgte anhand eines Vergleiches zwischen Interventionsgruppe (IG) und Wartekontrollgruppe (WKG) zu den 3 Messzeitpunkten T1 (Prä), T2 (Post) und T3 (3-Monats-Follow-up). <b><i>Ergebnisse: </i></b>Bei den Kindern traten vor allem emotionale Probleme gehäuft auf. Die Akzeptanz des Programms war sehr hoch. Teilnehmer der IG erlebten im Vergleich zur WKG eine signifikante Verbesserung des Stresserlebens und der Coping-Strategien. Die Effektstärken sind überwiegend mittel bis hoch. <b><i>Schlussfolgerungen: </i></b>Multimodale kognitiv-behaviorale Ansätze scheinen geeignet, um Kinder mit CBS erfolgreich zu behandeln. Weitere kontrollierte Studien sollten unter anderem klären, welche Trainingselemente konkret für die Schmerzreduktion verantwortlich sind.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125042
title: Supplementary Material for: De novo dup p/del q or dup q/del p Rearranged Chromosomes: Review of 104 Cases of a Distinct Chromosomal Mutation

description: We compiled 104 constitutional de novo or sporadic rearranged chromosomes mimicking recombinants from a parental pericentric inversion in order to comment on their occurrence and parental derivation, meiotic or postzygotic origin, mean parental ages, and underlying pathways. Chromosomes involved were 1-9, 13-18, 20-22, and X (64 autosomes and 40 X chromosomes). In the whole series, mean paternal and maternal ages in cases of paternal (proved or possible; n = 29) or maternal (proved or possible; n = 36) descent were 31.14 and 28.31 years, respectively. Rearranged X chromosomes appeared to be of paternal descent and to arise through intrachromosomal non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR), whereas rec-like autosomes were of either maternal or paternal origin and resulted from mechanisms proper of non-recurrent rearrangements. Except for some mosaic cases, most rearranged chromosomes apparently had a meiotic origin. Except for 8 rearranged X chromosomes transmitted maternally, all other cases compiled here were sporadic. Hence, the recurrence risk for sibs of propositi born to euploid parents is virtually zero, regardless of the imbalance's size. In brief, recombinant-like or rea chromosomes are not related to advanced parental age, may (chromosome X) or may not (autosomes) have a parent-of-origin bias, arise in meiosis or postzygotically, and appear to be mediated by NAHR, nonhomologous end joining, and telomere transposition. Because rearranged chromosomes 10, 11, and Y are also on record, albeit just in abstracts or listed in large series, we remark that all chromosomes can undergo this distinct rearrangement, even if it is still to be described for pairs 12 and 19.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125054
title: Supplementary Material for: The Role of Innate Immunity in Promoting SaeR/S-Mediated Virulence in Staphylococcus aureus

description: The ability of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> to infect tissues is dependent on precise control of virulence through gene-regulatory systems. While the SaeR/S two-component system has been shown to be a major regulator of <i>S. aureus</i> virulence, the influence of the host environment on SaeR/S-regulated genes (<i>saeR/S </i>targets) remains incompletely defined. Using QuantiGene 2.0 transcriptional assays, we examined expression of genes with the SaeR binding site in USA300 exposed to human and mouse neutrophils and host-derived peptides and during subcutaneous skin infection. We found that only some of the <i>saeR/S </i>targets, as opposed to the entire SaeR/S virulon, were activated within 5 and 10 min of interacting with human neutrophils as well as α-defensin. Furthermore, mouse neutrophils promoted transcription of <i>saeR/S</i> targets despite lacking α-defensin, and the murine skin environment elicited a distinctive expression profile of <i>saeR/S</i> targets. These findings indicate that <i>saeR/S</i>-mediated transcription is unique to and dependent on specific host stimuli. By using isogenic USA300Δ<i>saeR/S</i> and USA300Δ<i>agr</i> knockout strains, we also determined that SaeR/S is the major regulator of virulence factors, while Agr, a quorum-sensing two-component system, has moderate influence on transcription of the <i>saeR/S </i>targets under the tested physiological conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125042.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: De novo dup p/del q or dup q/del p Rearranged Chromosomes: Review of 104 Cases of a Distinct Chromosomal Mutation

description: We compiled 104 constitutional de novo or sporadic rearranged chromosomes mimicking recombinants from a parental pericentric inversion in order to comment on their occurrence and parental derivation, meiotic or postzygotic origin, mean parental ages, and underlying pathways. Chromosomes involved were 1-9, 13-18, 20-22, and X (64 autosomes and 40 X chromosomes). In the whole series, mean paternal and maternal ages in cases of paternal (proved or possible; n = 29) or maternal (proved or possible; n = 36) descent were 31.14 and 28.31 years, respectively. Rearranged X chromosomes appeared to be of paternal descent and to arise through intrachromosomal non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR), whereas rec-like autosomes were of either maternal or paternal origin and resulted from mechanisms proper of non-recurrent rearrangements. Except for some mosaic cases, most rearranged chromosomes apparently had a meiotic origin. Except for 8 rearranged X chromosomes transmitted maternally, all other cases compiled here were sporadic. Hence, the recurrence risk for sibs of propositi born to euploid parents is virtually zero, regardless of the imbalance's size. In brief, recombinant-like or rea chromosomes are not related to advanced parental age, may (chromosome X) or may not (autosomes) have a parent-of-origin bias, arise in meiosis or postzygotically, and appear to be mediated by NAHR, nonhomologous end joining, and telomere transposition. Because rearranged chromosomes 10, 11, and Y are also on record, albeit just in abstracts or listed in large series, we remark that all chromosomes can undergo this distinct rearrangement, even if it is still to be described for pairs 12 and 19.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125039
title: Supplementary Material for: Health Technology Assessment of Computer-Assisted Pap Test Screening in Italy

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To assess the introduction of computer-assisted Pap test screening in cervical cancer screening. Various scenarios are considered: conventional and liquid-based cytology (LBC) slides, fully automatic instrumentation (Becton Dickinson FocalPoint™ Slide Profiler and Hologic ThinPrep® Imaging System), and semiautomatic scanner (Hologic Integrated Imager I-Squared). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A working group was formed that included researchers from the largest centers already using instrumentation. A questionnaire on laboratory management and on social/ethical issues and annual workload was proposed. Prices for the technology were obtained directly from the producers; costs were calculated from observed and literature data. The scope of the report and final draft were submitted to a consulting committee of stakeholders. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The break-even point was found to be 49,000 cases/year, if conventional slides were used, while it was near the theoretical maximum capacity, 70,000 cases/year, with LBC slides. Efficiency increased with the volume of slides. Screening time decreased by two thirds for conventional slides and by less than half for LBC slides. Acceptance of the instrumentation by the users was good. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Computer-assisted screening may increase productivity even if in most situations it will mean additional costs. Furthermore, primary screening with human papillomavirus tests will drastically reduce the need for Pap test reading.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125057.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Plasma Fatty Acid Composition and Incident Ischemic Stroke in Middle-Aged Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The association of individual fatty acids with ischemic stroke has not been thoroughly studied, and results have been inconsistent. Few prospective studies have systematically explored the association of biomarkers of fatty acid intake with stroke. The aim of this study was<b> </b>to explore which individual plasma fatty acids would be associated with higher risk of ischemic stroke among whites. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We studied 3,870 white men and women from the Minneapolis field center of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study, aged 45-64 years at baseline (1987-1989), who had plasma cholesterol ester (CE) and phospholipid (PL) fatty acids measured. Participants were followed through 2008 for incident ischemic stroke. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) across quartiles of each fatty acid, measured as the percentage of total fatty acids, were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a maximum of 22 years of follow-up, we identified 168 cases of ischemic stroke. After adjustment for age and sex, plasma levels of saturated fatty acids were associated positively: HR (95% CI) of the highest versus the lowest quartile for CE fraction was 1.93 (1.23-3.04, p for trend = 0.01) and that for PL fraction was 1.64 (1.05-2.57, p for trend = 0.03). There was also a positive linear association with monounsaturated fatty acids, especially with palmitoleic acid: HR (95% CI) of the highest versus the lowest quartile for CE fraction was 1.86 (1.20-2.87, p for trend = 0.003) and that for PL fraction was 1.52 (0.99-2.34, p for trend = 0.005). No associations of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with ischemic stroke were observed, but linoleic acid was inversely and nonlinearly associated with ischemic stroke: HR (95% CI) of the highest versus the lowest quartile for CE fraction was 0.64 (0.43-0.97, p for trend = 0.13) and that for PL fraction was 0.69 (0.45-1.05, p for trend = 0.24). These associations were generally unchanged after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In this US cohort of whites, we found significant positive associations of plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, especially of palmitoleic acid, with ischemic stroke. We also found an inverse nonlinear association between linoleic acid and ischemic stroke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125087
title: Raw data files associated with the manuscript 'Inferring the effects of sink strength on plant carbon balance from experimental measurements' by Mahmud et al. (2018)

description: This folder consists of existing dataset from the container volume experiment which was carried out at the Hawkesbury Forest Experiment site (33°37'S 150°44'E) in Richmond, NSW, Australia. The site and experimental setup have been explained in detail by Campany et al. (2017). This dataset is compiled from another data source of Campany C. (2017) which can be found in this link: http://doi.org/10.4225/35/58b4eaa87c64d.<br>In brief, 20 weeks old Eucalyptus tereticornis seedlings in tube stock were chosen from a single local Cumberland plain cohort. Ten additional seedlings of similar age and growth were harvested to measure initial leaf area and dry mass of leaves, stems and roots. A total of 49 Eucalyptus tereticornis seedlings were grown in a range of container sizes (5 L to 35 L) in field conditions, using freely-rooted seedlings as a control for the container size treatments, with the goal to examine how the C balance of the plants are affected to belowground sink limitations. Six container sizes were used with each container experiment had a complete replicate set of six container volumes along with a free seedling. Similar notations are used here as Campany et al. (2017) for the treatments in different pots as 5 L, 10 L, 15 L, 20 L, 25 L and 35 L in respect of their pot sizes. The experiment tracked leaf-level gas exchange, leaf carbohydrate accumulation and seedling allometry over the course of 4 months for all 7 treatments. p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 9.5px Helvetica; color: #023aeb} span.s1 {color: #000000}
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125030
title: Supplementary Material for: Proof of Concept Study: Relating Infarct Location to Stroke Disability in the NINDS rt-PA Trial

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The summed Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) for noncontrast head CT scan represents the extent of early brain ischemia and has been shown to be useful for predicting stroke outcome. The ASPECTS template contains information on anatomical location which so far has not been used in analysis. This may not have been done because adjacent brain regions have related functions and share vascular territory. The task of relating neurological deficit to infarct localization requires brain imaging analysis tools which deal with this issue of relatedness or collinearity. We have previously used partial least squares with penalized logistic regression (PLR) to handle this problem of collinearity. A disadvantage of this method is that it cannot be performed at the bedside and requires processing and analysis in the imaging laboratory. PLR is a simpler analytic tool compared to partial least squares with PLR for dealing with this issue of relatedness (collinearity). It provides results in terms of β coefficients related to specific infarct locations in a manner that is intuitively understood by clinicians. In this exploratory analysis, we hypothesized that infarct location as represented by the individual ASPECTS region may be independently related to disability. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> ASPECTS from CT scans of patients in the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) Study were obtained. Due to the collinearity between the ASPECTS regions, we used PLR to determine the independent associations of exposures (rt-PA), demographic variables (age and sex), and imaging (ASPECTS location) with poor outcome as defined by a modified Rankin Scale score of &gt;2. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 607/624 subjects with ASPECTS readings, variables significantly associated with poor outcome included: interactions between ASPECTS M6 region (primary motor cortex/parietal lobe) and age (p = 0.004), lentiform nucleus and age (p = 0.007), and blood sugar level and age (p = 0.01). The model suggested that older age or involvement of either M6 or lentiform nucleus slightly increased the odds of disability. However, the predominant effect was driven by rt-PA which reduced the odds of poor disability (OR 0.597, 95% CI 0.425-0.838, p = 0.003). This may potentially explain why certain patients have smaller gains from rt-PA treatments. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> At an older age, specific infarct locations may be associated with a poorer outcome in this exploratory re-analysis of the NINDS rt-PA Study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125033
title: Supplementary Material for: Clevidipine Rapidly and Safely Reduces Blood Pressure in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The ACCELERATE Trial

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) causes 10-15% of primary strokes, with mortality related to hematoma volume. Blood pressure (BP) reduction may attenuate hematoma expansion. ACCELERATE (the Evaluation of Patients with Acute Hypertension and Intracerebral Hemorrhage with Intravenous Clevidipine Treatment) is a pilot study representing the first evaluation of safety and efficacy of intravenous clevidipine for the rapid treatment of hypertension in ICH patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> ICH patients with a systolic BP (SBP) &gt;160 mm Hg who present within 6 h (n = 27) or 12 h (n = 10) of symptoms were prospectively enrolled, treated with open-label clevidipine until SBP ≤160 mm Hg was achieved and then titrated to keep target SBP between 140-160 mm Hg. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 35 patients with baseline median Glasgow Coma Scale score of 12, median NIH Stroke Scale score of 14, mean SBP of 186 mm Hg and a mean time from onset of symptoms of 5.5 h received clevidipine. Median time to achieve SBP target range was 5.5 min. All patients achieved target SBP within 30 min; 96.9% achieved target SBP with clevidipine monotherapy. CT scans showed minimal hematoma volume change for the overall population (median change 0.01 ml, -2.9%). Mild/moderate hypotension was reported in 3 patients and resolved with dose reduction or drug discontinuation. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Clevidipine monotherapy was effective and safe for rapid BP reduction in this cohort of critically ill ICH patients. Overall, patients showed minimal hematoma expansion with BP reduction, suggesting that rapid BP control with clevidipine may have a beneficial impact on hematoma expansion and warrants further investigation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125036
title: Supplementary Material for: Global Epidemiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Systematic Review of the Published Literature

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is relatively rare, yet the economic and social burden is substantial. Having accurate incidence and prevalence estimates would facilitate efficient allocation of healthcare resources. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To provide a comprehensive and critical review of the epidemiological literature on ALS. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> MEDLINE and EMBASE (1995-2011) databases of population-based studies on ALS incidence and prevalence reporting quantitative data were analyzed. Data extracted included study location and time, design and data sources, case ascertainment methods and incidence and/or prevalence rates. Medians and interquartile ranges (IQRs) were calculated, and ALS case estimates were derived using 2010 population estimates. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In all, 37 articles met the inclusion criteria. In Europe, the median incidence rate (/100,000 population) was 2.08 (IQR 1.47-2.43), corresponding to an estimated 15,355 (10,852-17,938) cases. Median prevalence (/100,000 population) was 5.40 (IQR 4.06-7.89), or 39,863 (29,971-58,244) prevalent cases. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Disparity in rates among ALS incidence and prevalence studies may be due to differences in study design or true variations in population demographics such as age and geography, including environmental factors and genetic predisposition. Additional large-scale studies that use standardized case ascertainment methods are needed to more accurately assess the true global burden of ALS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125024
title: Supplementary Material for: Methyl Sulfone Manifests Anticancer Activity in a Metastatic Murine Breast Cancer Cell Line and in Human Breast Cancer Tissue - Part 2: Human Breast Cancer Tissue

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Methyl sulfone is a small molecule that reverses cancerous phenotypes of a melanoma cell line. Here, we sought to determine whether methyl sulfone was effective against human breast cancer tissue. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We studied normal and cancerous breast tissue obtained from 17 patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Methyl sulfone introduced structural order, with cancer tissue taking on the morphology of normal in vivo breast tissue; this structural order was sustainable over long-term culture. Methyl sulfone promoted proper wound healing, including migration of cells into wounded areas and establishment of stable contact inhibition once wounds were covered. Methyl sulfone decreased expression of two breast stem cell marker proteins, HCAM and OCT3/4, which are associated with aberrantly rapid migration of metastatic cells. Finally, normal and cancerous primary breast cells remained viable and healthy in methyl sulfone culture for at least 90 days. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Methyl sulfone reintroduced a normal structural phenotype to human breast cancer tissues.