cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1966
title: Monitoring of influenza A H5N1 virus from avian species in border areas between Thailand and neighboring countries (Laos and Myanmar)

description: To monitor Influenza A H5N1 virus from avian species in border areas between Thailand and neighboring countries (Laos and Myanmar) from September 2007 to June 2008. Two-thousand one hundred seventy five samples, including 2,139 live birds and 36 visceral organs, were collected. The H5N1 viruses were isolated and identified using embryonated egg inoculation, Hemagglutination test, Multiplex RT-PCR, Realtime RT-PCR, and PCR-ELISA. Then, the viruses were genetically characterized by using sequencing of whole genome avian influenza H5N1 viruses, phylogenetic analysis, and analysis of key determinant residue changes of 8 genes (PB2, PB1, PA, HA, NP, NA, M, and NS). The results revealed that the evidence of avian influenza H5N1 virus was 0.69% (15/2,175). The viruses had common genetic characteristics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI), with multiple basic amino acids in the HA cleavage site and a 20-amino acid deletion in NA stalk region. No point mutations were identified in the key determinant residues of those genes. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genes showed that the viruses clustered within the lineage of H5N1 avian isolates from Thailand-Vietnam lineage, genotype Z or clade 1. These indicate that avian influenza H5N1 virus circulating in border areas between Thailand, Laos and Myanmar were genetically related to avian influenza H5N1 virus in 2004-2006 in Thailand. In summary, this study presented the evidence of HPAI spreading in border area between Thailand and neighboring countries (Laos and Myanmar). Therefore, monitoring and surveillance of avian influenza virus along the border areas will be beneficial for prevention and control of H5N1 infection in humans.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1967
title: Separation and identification of anthocyanin from rice husk of oryza sativa l. cv. Chainat 1

description: In this work, separation and identification of anthocyanin from rice husk of Oryza sativa L. cv. Chainat1 was carried out. The combination of dichloromethane and ethyl acetate crude extracts was isolated by various chromatographic techniques. The isolation and the structure determination of these pink compound was performed as described previously. Compound 2 was indicated that it is one type of anthocyanin. Malvidin-3-rutinoside is a major pigment that give pink color in this compound. Malvidin-3-rutinoside and BHT showed the IC₅₀ value of 145 ± 30 and 11.6 ± 2.6 μg/ml, respectively.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1968
title: Collection station location and vehicle routing optimization in the natural rubber industry

description: This research addresses a real–life problem which aims to maximize profit of raw material collection system in the natural rubber industry. To establish the collection system, the system investigated in this research is concerned with not only location decision, allocation decision, and routing decision, but also with supplier selection decision with influence of step–price policy. Step–price policy sets by the factory give incentive to collector to collect as large quantity as possible of natural rubber from suppliers in order to receive a higher price for raw material. It is essential to find the set of suppliers included in the system. In addition, other conditions such as vehicle capacity and biological time duration are also considered. The main objective of this research is to find the optimal set of suppliers so that the profit of the collection system is maximized. The location allocation and vehicle routing with step–price policy is formulated as a Mixed Integer Programming model (MIP). With lots of complexities present in the problem, a heuristic method consisting of three stages is developed. The location allocation stage constructs one feasible solution while the routing improvement is then applied in order to reduce total system cost. The supplier screening stage is lastly added to find other potential sets of suppliers who can generate better profit. Computational test results are analyzed and discussed based on both performance and solving time. The comparison of the results shows that the solution of the heuristic solution method is slightly different from the mathematical model solution of which a less than 15.7% average difference is recorded. Meanwhile, computational time is saved more than 99.8% of average difference.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1969
title: An Improvement of probability approximation of randomized orthogonal array sampling

description: Let X be a random vector uniformly distributed on [0, 1][superscript 3] and let ƒ be an integrable function from ℝ3 into ℝ and define µ = Eƒ(X) = ∫ƒ(x)dx. A simple estimator of µ is 1/n ∑_n(i=1)nƒ(Xi) where X₁, X₂, ..., Xn are independent random vectors and uniformly distributed on [0,1][superscript 3]. However, there are many methods to choose the points Xi's. One of those is the orthogonal array. In 1996, Loh was the first one who considered the normal approximation of W = µ-µ/√Var(µ) where Var (µ)&gt;0 and gave a uniform bound. In 2008, Neammanee and Laipaporn improved the rate of convergence of Loh to be O(q-1/2) with the assumption that the sixth moment of ƒX is finite. In this thesis we improve their results under the finiteness of the fourth moment of ƒX. In the second part, we improve a non-uniform concentration inequality for a randomized orthogonal array which is given by Neammanee and Laipaporn in 2006.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1970
title: Numerical model for simulating point defect transients

description: A study on the dynamic of point defects in crystal structure was numerically conducted in order to observe their transients. It was found that when a single vacancy defect occurred in an initially perfect FCC-crystal structure, the average atomic volume was suddenly increased and then gradually decreased down to the value close to the initial value. In case of multiple vacancies at the same position with the number of vacancies up to 5, the results showed that the average atomic volumes at the beginning were very similar. However, the system with the higher number of point defects tended to approach the equilibrium faster and had the larger average atomic volume compared with the system with the lower number of point defects.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1971
title: Development of high performance inorganic scintillator for gamma-ray spectroscopy

description: To develop high performance inorganic scintillators for gamma-ray spectroscopy. In the first part of the experimental work, a dual zone vertical moving-temperature-gradient furnace was developed and applied to the Bridgman method. This technique helps to eliminate a driving mechanism leading to a reduction of vibrations which can adversely affect crystal growth quality. In the second part of the experimental work, charge preparation and equipment for growing process were developed. Crystal growth experiments of CsI:Tl, LaCl[subscript 3] :Ce and Ba[subscript 2] CsI[subscript 5] :Tl were performed. Tested results of the moving-temperature-gradient furnace illustrated that the growth zone exhibited a better thermal stability than the traditional Bridgman system. Only an error of less than 2% in the temperature gradient was found. The furnace was capable of growing simple CsI(Tl) crystal of is an empty set 22 × 22 mm size, starting from powder element of 99.9% purity, using 1 mm/hr growth rate with 25.5°C/cm temperature gradient and 2.5°C/hr temperature gradient drift rate. The analyzed crystal performance using the 662 keV energy of Cs-137 spectrum revealed the energy resolution of 7.53% and the intrinsic peak detection efficiency of 10.35% at 4.58:1 peak to Compton ratio. For LaCl [subscript 3] :Ce and Ba[subscript 2] CsI[subscript 5]:Tl grown crystals, the chemical activity of oxygen and moisture presented problem with charge preparation and affected crystal growth perfection, as grown crystals were foggy and cracked into small pieces. These experimental results were presented in this dissertation.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1972
title: Prevalence of and factors associated with depression in Thai adult general OPD patients at Phanomprai Hospital, Roi-Et province, Thailand

description: To study about the prevalence of depression and factors related to the depression in general Outpatients Department of Phanomphrai Hospital. The subjects were 425 patients aged 18-59 years old, who received treatment at the hospital during 3[superscript rd]-19[superscript th] March 2010. The tools composed of a structured interview about general information, social support (measured by The Personal Resource Questionnaire), life stress event and depression (measured by HRSR Scale: Diagnostic Screening for Depression in Thai). The variables were determined by percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square, independent t-test and Pearson Correlation. The results of this research were as follow: the prevalence of depression was 11.5%. The severity of the depression was classified as little to moderate 8% and severe 3.5%. Marital status, family member living with, and history of depression was statistically significant related with depression (p&lt;0.001), monthly household income was statistically significant related with depression (p&lt;0.01), gender, occupation, and depression in family was statistically significant related with depression (p&lt;0.05). Social support was statistically significant negative correlated with depression (r = -.647, p&lt;0.001). Stress in life was statistically significant positive correlated with depression (r = .648, p&lt;0.001). Scrupulous diagnosis for depressed subjects, special taking care of vulnerable group, education, and appropriate activities for reducing risk factors to depression are recommended to improve quality of life among Phanomphrai people.
DOI: 10.11578/1562034
title: Linear gyrokinetic simulations of microinstabilities within the pedestal region of H-mode NSTX discharges in a highly shaped geometry

description: Linear (local) gyrokinetic predictions of edge microinstabilities in highly shaped, lithiated and non-lihiated NSTX discharges are reported using the gyrokinetic code GS2. Microtearing modes dominate the non-lithiated pedestal top. The stabilization of these modes at the lithiated pedestal top enables the electron temperature pedestal to extend further inwards, as observed experimentally. Kinetic ballooning modes are found to be unstable mainly at the mid-pedestal of both types of discharges, with unstable trapped electron modes nearer the separatrix region. At electron wavelengths, ETG modes are found to be unstable from mid-pedestal outwards for eta(e,exp)~2.2, with higher growth rates for the lithiated discharge. Near the separatrix, the critical temperature gradient for driving ETG modes is reduced in the presence of lithium, reflecting the reduction of the lithiated density gradients observed experimentally. A preliminary linear study in the edge of non-lithiated discharges shows that the equilibrium shaping alters the electrostatic modes stability, found more unstable at high plasma shaping.
DOI: 10.11578/1562035
title: Phase coherence of parametric-decay modes during high-harmonic fast-wave heating in the National Spherical Torus Experiment

description: Third-order spectral analysis, in particular the auto bicoherence, was applied to probe signals from high-harmonic fast-wave heating experiments in the National Spherical Torus Experiment. Strong evidence was found for parametric decay of the 30 MHz radio-frequency (RF) pump wave, with a low-frequency daughter wave at 2.7 MHz, the local majority-ion cyclotron frequency. The primary decay modes have auto bicoherence values around 0.85, very close to the theoretical value of one, which corresponds to total phase coherence with the pump wave. The threshold RF pump power for onset of parametric decay was found to be between 200 kW and 400 kW.
DOI: 10.11578/1562037
title: Collisional dependence of Alfven mode saturation in tokamaks

description: Saturation of \alfven modes driven unstable by a distribution of high energy particles as a function of collisionalityis investigated with a guiding center code, using numerical eigenfunctions produced by linear theory and numerical high energy particle distributions. The most important resonance is found and it is shown that when the resonance domain is bounded, not allowing particles to collisionlessly escape, the saturation amplitude is given by the balance of the resonance mixing time with the time for nearby particles to collisionally diffuse across the resonance width. Saturation amplitudes are in agreement with theoretical predictions as long as the mode amplitude is not so large that it produces stochastic loss from the resonance domain.
DOI: 10.11578/1562040
title: The Role of Recti ed Currents in Far-Field RF Sheaths and in SOL Losses of HHFW Power on NSTX

description: Radio-frequency (RF) rectification is an important sheath phenomenon for wave heating of plasma in fusion devices and is proposed to be the mechanism responsible for converting highharmonic fast-wave (HHFW) power in the National Spherical Torus eXperiment (NSTX) into a heat ux to the divertor. RF rectification has two aspects: current rectification and voltage recti- fication, and, while the latter is emphasized in many application, we demonstrate the importance of current rectification in analysis of the NSTX divertor during HHFW heating. When rectified currents are accounted for in first-principle models for the heat ux to the tiles, we predict a sizeable enhancement for the heat ux in the presence of an RF field: for one case studied, the predicted heat ux increases from 0:103 MW=m2 to 0:209 MW=m2. We also demonstrate how this rectification scales with injected HHFW power by tracking probe characteristics during a HHFW power ramp; the rectified current may be clamped at a certain level. This work is important for minimizing SOL losses of HHFW power in NSTX-U but may also have implications for near-field studies of ICRF antennae: ignoring rectified current may lead to underestimated heat uxes and overestimated rectified voltages.
DOI: 10.11578/1562041
title: Density perturbation mode structure of high frequency compressional and global Alfvén eigenmodes in the National Spherical Torus Experiment using a novel reflectometer analysis technique

description: Reflectometry measurements of compressional (CAE) and global (GAE) Alfvén eigenmodes are analyzed to obtain the amplitude and spatial structure of the density perturbations associated with the modes. A novel analysis technique developed for this purpose is presented. The analysis also naturally yields the amplitude and spatial structure of the density contour radial displacement, which is found to be 2–4 times larger than the value estimated directly from the reflectometer measurements using the much simpler ‘mirror approximation’. The modes were driven by beam ions in a high power (6 MW) neutral beam heated H-mode discharge (#141398) in the National Spherical Torus Experiment. The results of the analysis are used to assess the contribution of the modes to core energy transport and ion heating. The total displacement amplitude of the modes, which is shown to be larger than previously estimated (Crocker et al 2013 Nucl. Fusion 53 43017), is compared to the predicted threshold (Gorelenkov et al 2010 Nucl. Fusion 50 84012) for the anomalously high heat diffusion inferred from transport modeling in similar NSTX discharges. The results of the analysis also have strong implications for the energy transport via coupling of CAEs to kinetic Alfvén waves seen in simulations with the Hybrid MHD code (Belova et al 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 115 15001). Finally, the amplitudes of the observed CAEs fall well below the threshold for causing significant ion heating by stochastic velocity space diffusion (Gates et al 2001 Phys. Rev. Lett. 87 205003).
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1974
title: Blood pressure prediction model for hypertensive patients at Saraburi hospital in 2009

description: The objectives of this study were to (1) Compare means of calories burnt by exercise, medication compliance, eating behavior score, knowledge about hypertension, age and blood pressure between gender. (2) Find correlations between calories burnt by exercise, medication compliance, eating behavior score, knowledge about hypertension, age and blood pressure. (3) Estimate hierarchical stepwise multiple regression analysis (MRA) model to predict blood pressure. A retrospective research by face to face interview and accessing clinical data were employed to investigate relationship between health behavior factors namely—calories burnt by exercise, medication compliance, eating behavior score, demographic data and blood pressure of 200 hypertensive patients at Saraburi hospital 2009, randomly generated by computer. This study found that total sample size of 200 (100%) hypertensive patients, mostly 118 (59%) were female, 82 (41%) were male with average age 55.21 ± 12.01 years, average calories burnt per week 2787.24 ± 141.61, average medication compliance score 7.41 ± 1.93, average eating behavior score 6.33 ± 1.14 average Systolic blood pressure 150.24 ± 18.49 and average Diastolic blood pressure 89.40 ± 9.15. Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient of Sorofman’s Compliance scale for constructs “right time” and “right amount” were 0.7978 and 0.7896 respectively and Auamnoy Eating Behavior Scale was 0.7915. One Way ANOVA confirmed that blood pressure, medication compliance, knowledge about hypertension, age and calories burnt by exercise between male and female were not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05). But eating behavior score between male and female were significantly different (p = 0.05). Pearson’s product moment correlation confirmed that age and eating behavior score were significantly positively correlated with Systolic blood pressure (r =*+0.16, **+0.59, R² = 0.03, 0.35 with p = 0.02, 0.00 respectively). Calories burnt by exercise and medication compliance were significantly negatively correlated with Systolic blood pressure (r = **-0.81, **-0.98, R² = 0.66, 0.96 with p = 0.00, 0.00 respectively). Correlation confirmed that age, calories burnt by exercise and medication compliance significantly inversely related with Diastolic blood pressure (r = **-0.19, **-0.43, **-0.60, R² = 0.04, 0.18, 0.36 with p = 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 respectively) but eating behavior score significantly related with Diastolic blood pressure (r =**+0.53, R² = 0.28 with p = 0.00). Hierarchical stepwise multiple regression analysis estimated the prediction equations. The three most significant variables those predicted Systolic blood pressure and Diastolic blood pressure were: medication compliance (Beta = -0.90,-0.70), eating behavior score (Beta = 0.82, 0.72) and calories burnt by exercise (Beta = -0.11, -0.29) P = 0.00, 0.00, 0.00 R² = 0.58, 0.55) respectively. Conclusion: eating behavior, calories burnt by exercise and medication compliance were three significantly most influence factors for predicting blood pressure.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1975
title: Palm oil plantations in Indonesia : government policy and its impact on indigenous peoples in West Kalimantan Province

description: This study is about the challenges faced by indigenous peoples in globalization era where modernization and development are inevitable making indigenous peoples among the most vulnerable sections of society. Land, territory and resources that are considered sacred, part of their identity and cultural integrity are at stake. Therefore, they need protections to ensure continuity of their very existence. This research focuses on land acquisition process for palm oil plantations and its impacts on the life of indigenous peoples in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. The study tries to find out how the government policymaking process carried out in West Kalimantan’s palm oil plantation and what are the impacts of government policy on palm oil plantations to the indigenous peoples in West Kalimantan? It is found that the conditional recognition on the rights of indigenous peoples within the Indonesia’s legal framework has caused problems around 1) land, culture and identity; 2) food security and livelihood; 3) water resources; 4) criminalization of indigenous leaders and costly justice; 5) the loss of sacred sites and; 6) indigenous women. The study recommends a reform in the national laws and policy to be consistent with international standard to ensure the protection of indigenous peoples and further prevent them from social exclusion and discrimination.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.1976
title: Making museums accessivle for visually impaired children

description: To investigate what could be done to improve accessibility of museums in Thailand for visually impaired children, so that they can be used as supporting learning venues given the restricted academic resources available in the country. The study seeks to discover fundamental characteristics of accessible museums corresponding to the Thai visually impaired children’s needs, using international visually impaired organizations’ recommendations on physical and intellectual characteristics facilitating visually impaired people as guidelines. Ten field researches were performed in four museums with eight visually impaired young volunteers. The four museums varying in their collections and the way they exhibit their collections are Bangkokian Museum, Museum of Siam, Bangkok Children Discovery Museum and Snake Farm. Divided into small groups, each group was taken to three different museums. Observation, structured and unstructured interviews were conducted before, during and after the field research to gather their opinions, observe their actual practices, and cross-examine if the two are in line with each other. The study finds the participants’ visual conditions, way of life, and traveling behaviors fundamentally influence their views toward the concept of accessibility. Touch and hearing are established as the core elements of intellectual access, and safety attributes are identified as most significant to physical access. Having taken all circumstances into account, the study eventually suggests that guides and docents be the key in making a museum accessible for visually impaired children.