cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14173405.v2
title: Investigating Clustering and Violence Interruption in Gang-Related Violent Crime Data Using Spatial–Temporal Point Processes With Covariates

description: <b>Reported gang-related violent crimes in Los Angeles, California, from 1/1/14 to 12/31/17 are modeled using spatial–temporal marked Hawkes point processes with covariates. We propose an algorithm to estimate the spatial-temporally varying background rate nonparametrically as a function of demographic covariates. Kernel smoothing and generalized additive models are used in an attempt to model the background rate as closely as possible in an effort to differentiate inhomogeneity in the background rate from causal clustering or triggering of events. The models are fit to data from 2014 to 2016 and evaluated using data from 2017, based on log-likelihood and superthinned residuals. The impact of nonrandomized violence interruption performed by The</b> City of Los Angeles M<b>ayor’s Office of Gang Reduction Youth Development (GRYD) Incident Response (IR) Program is assessed by comparing the triggering associated with GRYD IR Program events to the triggering associated with sub-sampled non-GRYD events selected to have a similar spatial–temporal distribution. The results suggest that GRYD IR Program violence interruption yields a reduction of approximately 18.3% in the retaliation rate in locations more than 130 m from the original reported crimes, and a reduction of 14.2% in retaliations within 130 m.</b>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16550173.v3
title: Randomization Tests in Observational Studies With Staggered Adoption of Treatment

description: This article considers the problem of inference in observational studies with time-varying adoption of treatment. In addition to an unconfoundedness assumption that the potential outcomes are independent of the times at which units adopt treatment conditional on the units’ observed characteristics, our analysis assumes that the time at which each unit adopts treatment follows a Cox proportional hazards model. This assumption permits the time at which each unit adopts treatment to depend on the observed characteristics of the unit, but imposes the restriction that the probability of multiple units adopting treatment at the same time is zero. In this context, we study randomization tests of a null hypothesis that specifies that there is no treatment effect for all units and all time periods in a distributional sense. We first show that an infeasible test that treats the parameters of the Cox model as known has rejection probability under the null hypothesis no greater than the nominal level in finite samples. Since these parameters are unknown in practice, this result motivates a feasible test that replaces these parameters with consistent estimators. While the resulting test does not need to have the same finite-sample validity as the infeasible test, we show that it has limiting rejection probability under the null hypothesis no greater than the nominal level. In a simulation study, we examine the practical relevance of our theoretical results, including robustness to misspecification of the model for the time at which each unit adopts treatment. Finally, we provide an empirical application of our methodology using the synthetic control-based test statistic and tobacco legislation data found in Abadie, Diamond and Hainmueller. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16550173.v2
title: Randomization Tests in Observational Studies With Staggered Adoption of Treatment

description: This article considers the problem of inference in observational studies with time-varying adoption of treatment. In addition to an unconfoundedness assumption that the potential outcomes are independent of the times at which units adopt treatment conditional on the units’ observed characteristics, our analysis assumes that the time at which each unit adopts treatment follows a Cox proportional hazards model. This assumption permits the time at which each unit adopts treatment to depend on the observed characteristics of the unit, but imposes the restriction that the probability of multiple units adopting treatment at the same time is zero. In this context, we study randomization tests of a null hypothesis that specifies that there is no treatment effect for all units and all time periods in a distributional sense. We first show that an infeasible test that treats the parameters of the Cox model as known has rejection probability under the null hypothesis no greater than the nominal level in finite samples. Since these parameters are unknown in practice, this result motivates a feasible test that replaces these parameters with consistent estimators. While the resulting test does not need to have the same finite-sample validity as the infeasible test, we show that it has limiting rejection probability under the null hypothesis no greater than the nominal level. In a simulation study, we examine the practical relevance of our theoretical results, including robustness to misspecification of the model for the time at which each unit adopts treatment. Finally, we provide an empirical application of our methodology using the synthetic control-based test statistic and tobacco legislation data found in Abadie, Diamond and Hainmueller. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14173405.v1
title: Investigating Clustering and Violence Interruption in Gang-Related Violent Crime Data using Spatial-temporal Point Processes with Covariates

description: Reported gang-related violent crimes in Los Angeles, California, from 1/1/14 to 12/31/17 are modeled using spatial-temporal marked Hawkes point processes with covariates. We propose an algorithm to estimate the spatial-temporally varying background rate non-parametrically as a function of demographic covariates. Kernel smoothing and generalized additive models are used in an attempt to model the background rate as closely as possible in an effort to differentiate inhomogeneity in the background rate from causal clustering or triggering of events. The models are fit to data from 2014-2016 and evaluated using data from 2017, based on log-likelihood and superthinned residuals. The impact of non-randomized violence interruption performed by The City of Los Angeles Mayor’s Office of Gang Reduction Youth Development (GRYD) Incident Response (IR) Program is assessed by comparing the triggering associated with GRYD IR Program events to the triggering associated with sub-sampled non-GRYD events selected to have a similar spatial-temporal distribution. The results suggest that GRYD IR Program violence interruption yields a reduction of approximately 18.3% in the retaliation rate in locations more than 130 meters from the original reported crimes, and a reduction of 14.2% in retaliations within 130 meters.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5677418
title: Confocal and micro-CT data of Mesonosa scandens, holotype, NIGP173928

description: This dataset contains the raw confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) slices and X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) slices for the holotype of <em>Mesonosa scandens</em> (NIGP173928) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Confocal images were obtained with a Zeiss LSM710 confocal laser scanning microscope, using 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. The original CZI files are provided, which could be opened by the ZEISS ZEN software. Micro-CT data were obtained with a Zeiss Xradia 520 Versa 3D X-ray microscope. Scanning parameters were as follows: isotropic voxel size, 6.7745 μm; power, 4 W; acceleration voltage, 50 kV; exposure time, 2 s; projections, 2501. The TIFF stack is provided.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5677417
title: Confocal and micro-CT data of Mesonosa scandens, holotype, NIGP173928

description: This dataset contains the raw confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) slices and X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) slices for the holotype of <em>Mesonosa scandens</em> (NIGP173928) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Confocal images were obtained with a Zeiss LSM710 confocal laser scanning microscope, using 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. The original CZI files are provided, which could be opened by the ZEISS ZEN software. Micro-CT data were obtained with a Zeiss Xradia 520 Versa 3D X-ray microscope. Scanning parameters were as follows: isotropic voxel size, 6.7745 μm; power, 4 W; acceleration voltage, 50 kV; exposure time, 2 s; projections, 2501. The TIFF stack is provided.
DOI: 10.17638/datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/1571
title: Findings of a community screening programme for human cystic echinococcosis in Bungoma County, western Kenya
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5677374
title: Confocal and micro-CT data of Basinosa pengweii, holotype, NIGP173119

description: This dataset contains the raw confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) slices and X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) slices for the holotype of <em>Basinosa pengweii</em> (NIGP173910) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Confocal images were obtained with a Zeiss LSM710 confocal laser scanning microscope, using 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. The original CZI files are provided, which could be opened by the ZEISS ZEN software. Micro-CT data were obtained with a Zeiss Xradia 520 Versa 3D X-ray microscope. Scanning parameters were as follows: isotropic voxel size, 16.919 μm; power, 5 W; acceleration voltage, 60 kV; exposure time, 2 s; projections, 2001. The TIFF stack is provided.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5677373
title: Confocal and micro-CT data of Basinosa pengweii, holotype, NIGP173119

description: This dataset contains the raw confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) slices and X-ray microtomography (micro-CT) slices for the holotype of <em>Basinosa pengweii</em> (NIGP173910) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Confocal images were obtained with a Zeiss LSM710 confocal laser scanning microscope, using 488 nm Argon laser excitation line. The original CZI files are provided, which could be opened by the ZEISS ZEN software. Micro-CT data were obtained with a Zeiss Xradia 520 Versa 3D X-ray microscope. Scanning parameters were as follows: isotropic voxel size, 16.919 μm; power, 5 W; acceleration voltage, 60 kV; exposure time, 2 s; projections, 2001. The TIFF stack is provided.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260277
title: AA-Pruebadeposito-RE.xlsx

description: <br>List of participants in information and documentation studies<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260277.v1
title: AA-Pruebadeposito-RE.xlsx

description: <br>List of participants in information and documentation studies<br>
DOI: 10.5519/qd.gj9xgwjd
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (1 records)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260595
title: Supplementary Material for: Effects of Fluid Therapy on Mesenteric Microcirculation Using New Probe-Based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (Cellvizio®) in a Porcine Model of Endotoxic Shock

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Microcirculatory alterations have been observed at the early phase of sepsis, although macrocirculation seems preserved. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of crystalloid fluid therapy on mesenteric microcirculation, assessed by using the confocal laser endomicroscope Cellvizio®, in an endotoxic porcine model. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> It is a prospective endotoxic shock (lipopolysaccharide infusion) experimental trial. Piglets were divided into 3 groups: 6 in the sham group (no LPS injection, no fluid), 9 in the control group (LPS infusion, no fluid), and 6 in the crystalloids group (LPS infusion and fluid resuscitation with crystalloids). Fluid resuscitation consisted in a fluid bolus of 20 mL/kg 0.9% saline over 30 min followed by a 10 mL/kg/h fluid rate over 4 h. Mesenteric microcirculation was assessed using a confocal laser endomicroscope (Cellvizio®). Blood flow within capillaries was visually assessed according to the point of care microcirculation (POEM) score. <b><i>Results:</i></b> At baseline, the 3 groups were similar regarding hemodynamic, biological, and microcirculatory parameters. At T360, the POEM score significantly decreased in the control and crystalloids groups, whereas it remained unchanged in the sham group (respectively, 1.62 ± 1.06, 1.2 ± 0.45, and 5.0 ± 0, <i>p</i> = 0.011). There was no significant difference in cardiac output at T360 between the sham and crystalloids groups (3.1 ± 0.8 vs. 2.3 ± 0.6, <i>p</i> = 0.132) or between the control and crystalloids groups (2.0 ± 0.6 vs. 2.3 ± 0.6, <i>p</i> = 0.90). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> There was no significant improvement of microcirculatory alterations after crystalloids resuscitation despite improvement in macrocirculatory parameters in early experimental sepsis.
DOI: 10.5519/qd.0vdp6x06
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (1 records)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260394
title: Appendix to BEH 3739

description: Additional data to BEH 3739.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260394.v2
title: Appendix to BEH 3739

description: Additional data to BEH 3739.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260394.v1
title: Appendix to BEH 3739

description: Additional data to BEH 3739.
DOI: 10.18112/openneuro.ds003965.v1.0.0
title: NI-edu-data-minimal
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12130980.v124
title: MOOD Maps of Google community mobility change during the COVID-19 outbreak

description: The MOOD project (MOnitoring Outbreak events for Disease surveillance in a data science context. H2020) has geo-referenced the data Google has published as a series of PDF files presenting reports on national and subnational human mobility levels relative to a baseline data of late January 2020. The details and the PDF files can be found at https://www.google.com/covid19/mobility/.<br>More detail on these files can be found at https://www.moodspatialdata.com/humanmobilityforcovid19 <br>The first set of data were released on April 2 2020 and have been revised weekly since then. The maps now utilise the CSV data released by Google. Please note that the maps figures use a mean of the previous three days, while the Google PDFs use a single days data so there will be differences between values in our maps when compare to the Google PDFs.<br>The authors have extracted the majority of these data into a series of excel spreadsheets. Each worksheet provides the data for % change in numbers of records at various types of location categories illustrated by: retail and recreation, grocery and pharmacy, parks and beaches, transit stations, workplaces and residential (columns f to K). A second set of columns calculates the difference of each value from the mean values for each category (columns L to P) Columns A to E contain geographical details. Column Q contains the names used to link to a mapping file.There are separate worksheets for the date of the data from each dated release (e.g. 2903, 0504 etc.) and separate worksheets calculating the changes between specific dates.<br>A second spreadsheet has been added calculating the 3 day moving mean of each day from the 15th of February. Each day is referenced by the Gregorian calendar day count. So day 48 = Feb 17th.<br>The maps (for EU & Global) display these data. We provide 600 dpi jpegs of the Global (“WD”) and European (“EU”) mapped values at the latest date available, for each of the mobility categories: retail and recreation (“retrec”) , grocery and pharmacy (“grocphar”) , parks (“parks”) , transit stations (“transit”), residential (“resid”) and workplaces (“work”). We also provide maps of the changes from the previous week (“ch”).<br>All data extracting and subsequent processing have been carried out by ERGO (Environmental Research Group Oxford, c/o Dept Zoology, University of Oxford) on behalf of the MOOD H2020 project. Data will be periodically updated. Additional maps can be obtained on request to the authors.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5788547
title: List of participants in information and documentation studies

description: List of participants in information and documentation studies
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5788546
title: List of participants in information and documentation studies

description: List of participants in information and documentation studies
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260550
title: Raw-data processed in the manuscript "Seasonal timing of vegetative and fruit growth in Viscum album ssp. album on Malus domestica"

description: Methods: Two mistletoe (<i>Viscum album</i> L.) bearing apple trees (<i>Malus domestica </i>Borkh.) were selected in an orchard of the village of Arlesheim (Switzerland). Three vigorous, about 8 to 10 years old, well-shaped, female specimens of <i>V. album</i> ssp. <i>album</i> exposed at the periphery of the host were chosen on each of these two trees for the sampling period of 1996 to 1998. Sampling was repeated from 1999 to 2001 in six other mistletoe specimens of two different trees in the same orchard. Twice a month one twig was harvested from the upper part of each mistletoe plant consisting of three generations of internodes together with the accessory organs (young internodes, young and old leaves, flower shoots and fruit respectively). At the end of the year harvest was restricted again to three generations of internodes, disregarding the 4 years old internodes. All organs of the six twigs harvested twice monthly over the seasons were segregated into their respective classes. The individual organs of each class were united, counted, their fresh weights measured on an analytical balance (Mettler PN1210) immediately after harvesting.<br> For the measurement of fresh weights of the samples from the bi-monthly sampling, all organs of each generation were combined separately for each sampling time. Thereby each value of fresh weight represents the mean over all organs present in the united samples. @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}.MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;}
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17260550.v1
title: Raw-data processed in the manuscript "Seasonal timing of vegetative and fruit growth in Viscum album ssp. album on Malus domestica"

description: Methods: Two mistletoe (<i>Viscum album</i> L.) bearing apple trees (<i>Malus domestica </i>Borkh.) were selected in an orchard of the village of Arlesheim (Switzerland). Three vigorous, about 8 to 10 years old, well-shaped, female specimens of <i>V. album</i> ssp. <i>album</i> exposed at the periphery of the host were chosen on each of these two trees for the sampling period of 1996 to 1998. Sampling was repeated from 1999 to 2001 in six other mistletoe specimens of two different trees in the same orchard. Twice a month one twig was harvested from the upper part of each mistletoe plant consisting of three generations of internodes together with the accessory organs (young internodes, young and old leaves, flower shoots and fruit respectively). At the end of the year harvest was restricted again to three generations of internodes, disregarding the 4 years old internodes. All organs of the six twigs harvested twice monthly over the seasons were segregated into their respective classes. The individual organs of each class were united, counted, their fresh weights measured on an analytical balance (Mettler PN1210) immediately after harvesting.<br> For the measurement of fresh weights of the samples from the bi-monthly sampling, all organs of each generation were combined separately for each sampling time. Thereby each value of fresh weight represents the mean over all organs present in the united samples. @font-face {font-family:"Cambria Math"; panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:roman; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-536870145 1107305727 0 0 415 0;}@font-face {font-family:Calibri; panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal {mso-style-unhide:no; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; margin:0cm; margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:12.0pt; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}.MsoChpDefault {mso-style-type:export-only; mso-default-props:yes; font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}div.WordSection1 {page:WordSection1;}
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17032164
title: Protecting democracy from abroad: democracy aid against attempts to circumvent presidential term limits

description: The article addresses the question of whether international democracy aid helps to protect presidential term limits – a commonly accepted but increasingly challenged safeguard for democracy. According to our analysis, democracy aid is effective in countering attempts to circumvent term limits, thus, it contributed towards protecting democratic standards in African and Latin American countries between 1990 and 2014. Democracy aid helps to fend off term-limit circumventions, but it is not as effective in deterring presidents from trying to circumvent presidential term limits. Our analysis furthermore suggests that there is double the risk of an attempt to circumvent term limits in Latin American than in African states. Although our results confirm prior findings that “targeted aid” such as democracy aid makes a difference for maintaining democratic institutions, it challenges studies that argue democracy assistance has become “tame.” Our findings furthermore support previous indications that more refined theories on the effects of democracy aid in different phases of domestic processes are necessary, in particular in the face of global autocratization trends.