DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zcrjdfn9x
title: Evolutionary implications of dental anomalies in bats

description: The gain or loss of anatomical features is an important mechanism of
 morphological evolution and ecological adaptation. Dental anomalies –the
 loss or gain of teeth– are widespread and a potential source of
 craniodental specialization among mammals, yet their macroevolutionary
 patterns have been rarely explored. We present the first phylogenetic
 comparative study of dental anomalies across the second largest mammal
 Order, Chiroptera (bats). We conducted an extensive literature review and
 surveyed a large sample of museum specimens to analyze the types and
 prevalence of dental anomalies across bats, and performed phylogenetic
 comparative analyses to investigate the role of phylogenetic history and
 dietary specialization on incidence of dental anomalies. We found dental
 anomalies have a significant phylogenetic signal, suggesting they are not
 simply the result of idiosyncratic mutations or random developmental
 disorders, but may have ancestral genetic origins or result from shared
 developmental pathways among closely related species. The incidence of
 dental anomalies was not associated with diet categories, suggesting no
 effect of craniodental specialization on dental anomalies across bats. Our
 results give insight into the macroevolutionary patterns of dental
 anomalies in bats, and provide a foundation for investigating new
 hypotheses underlying the evolution of dental variation and diversity in
 mammals.
description: We compiled an extensive database of dental anomalies spanning
 17,905 bat specimens using the diffenrent resources, and performed
 phylogenetic comparative analyses to investigate the role of phylogenetic
 history and dietary specialization on incidence of dental
 anomalies.
description: This dataset contains information used in the corresponding
 analyzes: Supplementary Data 1. Number of specimens
 included per species of bats, <br>                       and the
 list of museums and catalogue numbers of <br>                      
 specimens examined (.docx).<br> Supplementary Data 2. Dietary
 classification for 269 bat species used in <br>                    
   the present study. Data sources and references are <br>          
             included (.docx and .xlsx).<br> Supplementary Data 3.
 Phylogeny of 269 bat operational taxonomic units <br>              
         (OTUs) with dental anomalies data. Molecular <br>          
             phylogeny modified from Shi and Rabosky (2015). <br>    
                   Major taxonomic groups are indicated (.docx).<br>
 Supplementary Data 4. Bat family, species, type of anomaly, number
 of <br>                       individuals with anomalies, total
 number recorded, <br>                       and percentage incidence
 analyzed in this study (.docx and .xlsx). <br> Supplementary Data 5.
 Bat families, genus and species recorded with dental<br>            
           anomalies. Oligodontia or polyodontia are described <br>  
                     by species and a list of references is included (.docx
 and .xlsx).<br> Supplementary Data 6. Phylogenies showing the
 percentage incidence of <br>                       dental anomalies
 in oligodontia (left), and <br>                       polyodontia
 (right) across species, with branch <br>                      
 colors representing ancestral state estimation using<br>            
           maximum likelihood (.docx).<br> Supplementary Data 7A. Bar
 plots showing the extent of the data coverage. <br>                
       The first bar plot shows raw data and the second <br>        
               log raw data.  7B. Estimating the effect of
 sample <br>                       size (.docx).