cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075373.v1
title: Facebook as a tool to promote radiology education: expanding from a local community of medical students to all of South America

description: Abstract Objective: To assess the feasibility of Facebook to promote a radiology education project and to expand it from our university community of medical students to a wider audience. Materials and Methods: A group of 12 medical students created a Facebook page in June 2015, to contribute to radiology education in our university. From August 2015, clinical cases, including a brief explanation of clinical findings, along with different imaging modalities, were posted weekly and subscribers were encouraged to choose the most appropriate diagnosis. All cases were followed by the appropriate answer and an explanation to highlight imaging findings and diagnosis. Aiming to reach a larger audience, we also shared cases to a public Latin-American Facebook group, comprising a collective total of 28,182 physicians and medical students. Using the Facebook Insights tracking tool, we prospectively analyzed subscriber interaction with our page for 14 months. Results: During the period analyzed, 35 cases were posted. The most common imaging modalities were X-ray (n = 15) and computed tomography (n = 13). Before we began posting the weekly cases, our page had 286 likes. By October 2016, that number had grown to 4244, corresponding to an increase of 1484% and eight times the size of the medical student community at our institution (n = 530). Medical students made up most (76%) of the subscribers, followed by radiology residents (6%). An excellent or moderate contribution to personal image interpretation skills was reported by 65.3% and 33.1% of the users, respectively. Conclusion: Creating a Facebook page and posting weekly clinical cases proved to be an effective method of promoting radiology education.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/lcmjia
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description: :unav
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075364
title: Trends in surgical treatment of femoral neck fractures in the elderly

description: ABSTRACT Objective To analyze recent demographic and medical billing trends in treatment of femoral neck fracture of American elderly patients. Methods The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was analyzed from 2006 to 2015, for patients aged 65 years and older, using the Current Procedural Terminology codes 27130, 27125, 27235, and 27236. Patient demographics, postoperative complications, and frequency of codes were compared and analyzed over time. Our sample had 17,122 elderly patients, in that, 70% were female, mean age of 80.1 years (standard deviation±6.6 years). Results The number of cases increased, but age, gender, body mass index, rates of diabetes and smoking did not change over time. Open reduction internal fixation was the most commonly billed code, with 9,169 patients (53.6%), followed by hemiarthroplasty with 5,861 (34.2%) patients. Combined estimated probability of morbidity was 9.8% (standard deviation±5.2%), and did not change significantly over time. Postoperative complication rates were similar between treatments. Conclusion Demographics and morbidity rates in femoral neck fractures of elderly patients did not change significantly from 2006 to 2015. Open reduction internal fixation was the most common treatment followed by hemiarthroplasty.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075370.v1
title: New insights into Phakopsora pachyrhizi infection based on transcriptome analysis in planta

description: Abstract Asian soybean rust (ASR) is one of the most destructive diseases affecting soybeans. The causative agent of ASR, the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi, presents characteristics that make it difficult to study in vitro, limiting our knowledge of plant-pathogen dynamics. Therefore, this work used leaf lesion laser microdissection associated with deep sequencing to determine the pathogen transcriptome during compatible and incompatible interactions with soybean. The 36,350 generated unisequences provided an overview of the main genes and biological pathways that were active in the fungus during the infection cycle. We also identified the most expressed transcripts, including sequences similar to other fungal virulence and signaling proteins. Enriched P. pachyrhizi transcripts in the resistant (PI561356) soybean genotype were related to extracellular matrix organization and metabolic signaling pathways and, among infection structures, in amino acid metabolism and intracellular transport. Unisequences were further grouped into gene families along predicted sequences from 15 other fungi and oomycetes, including rust fungi, allowing the identification of conserved multigenic families, as well as being specific to P. pachyrhizi. The results revealed important biological processes observed in P. pachyrhizi, contributing with information related to fungal biology and, consequently, a better understanding of ASR.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075364.v1
title: Trends in surgical treatment of femoral neck fractures in the elderly

description: ABSTRACT Objective To analyze recent demographic and medical billing trends in treatment of femoral neck fracture of American elderly patients. Methods The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was analyzed from 2006 to 2015, for patients aged 65 years and older, using the Current Procedural Terminology codes 27130, 27125, 27235, and 27236. Patient demographics, postoperative complications, and frequency of codes were compared and analyzed over time. Our sample had 17,122 elderly patients, in that, 70% were female, mean age of 80.1 years (standard deviation±6.6 years). Results The number of cases increased, but age, gender, body mass index, rates of diabetes and smoking did not change over time. Open reduction internal fixation was the most commonly billed code, with 9,169 patients (53.6%), followed by hemiarthroplasty with 5,861 (34.2%) patients. Combined estimated probability of morbidity was 9.8% (standard deviation±5.2%), and did not change significantly over time. Postoperative complication rates were similar between treatments. Conclusion Demographics and morbidity rates in femoral neck fractures of elderly patients did not change significantly from 2006 to 2015. Open reduction internal fixation was the most common treatment followed by hemiarthroplasty.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/rwtjlq
title: 679.png

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DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/gyriqf
title: 339.png

description: :unav
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075355
title: Magnitude of visual impairment, blindness and causes in the southwest region of São Paulo state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Purposes: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the magnitude and determinants of bilateral blindness and visual impairment (VI) in the southwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted during 2013 and 2014 targeted people of all ages in 10 districts in the southwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Ophthalmologists in a mobile unit measured visual acuity and examined eyes. Visual acuity was categorized according to the World Health Organization sex-adjusted rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Number of blindness and visually impaired was projected for the entire study area. Results: We examined 2,306 participants. The age- and sex-adjusted frequency of bilateral blindness was 0.26% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4). Females (0.35%) and patients 350 years old (0.58%) had higher rate of blindness compared with males and younger individuals. The rate of severe VI was 9.1% (95% CI: 8.8-10.6) and was higher among males (11.6%) and those 350 years (12.3%). There could be 880 people with bilateral SVI in the study area. Bilateral severe VI was attributed to cataracts in 63% and was attributed to refractive error in 18%. Conclusion: Visual impairment and blindness in the study population was low and mainly due to cataract and refractive errors. Initiatives should be addressed by health care services to further reduce avoidable blindness in the region.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/etjmtn
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description: :unav
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075355.v1
title: Magnitude of visual impairment, blindness and causes in the southwest region of São Paulo state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Purposes: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the magnitude and determinants of bilateral blindness and visual impairment (VI) in the southwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted during 2013 and 2014 targeted people of all ages in 10 districts in the southwest region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Ophthalmologists in a mobile unit measured visual acuity and examined eyes. Visual acuity was categorized according to the World Health Organization sex-adjusted rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Number of blindness and visually impaired was projected for the entire study area. Results: We examined 2,306 participants. The age- and sex-adjusted frequency of bilateral blindness was 0.26% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4). Females (0.35%) and patients 350 years old (0.58%) had higher rate of blindness compared with males and younger individuals. The rate of severe VI was 9.1% (95% CI: 8.8-10.6) and was higher among males (11.6%) and those 350 years (12.3%). There could be 880 people with bilateral SVI in the study area. Bilateral severe VI was attributed to cataracts in 63% and was attributed to refractive error in 18%. Conclusion: Visual impairment and blindness in the study population was low and mainly due to cataract and refractive errors. Initiatives should be addressed by health care services to further reduce avoidable blindness in the region.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/kwpxiv
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DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075352
title: Extravasation of iodinated contrast medium in cancer patients undergoing computed tomography

description: Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of extravasation of iodinated contrast medium (ICM) at the site of intravenous injection in oncology patients submitted to computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, single-center study that evaluated all patients who underwent CT with ICM administration and presented ICM extravasation, at a cancer center, between January 2010 and December 2015. Results: During the study period, we evaluated a total of 99,076 ICM injections and identified 199 cases of extravasation, the incidence rate therefore being 0.20%. Among the patients who presented extravasation, the mean age was 59.22 years and 60% were female. The extravasation was classified as mild in 94.10% of the patients and as moderate in 5.90%. There were no cases of severe extravasation in the sample. Conclusion: The incidence of ICM extravasation in cancer patients submitted to CT in the present study was similar to that reported for the general population, according to other studies in the literature. The vast majority of cases of extravasation were considered mild, and no severe cases were observed in the study sample.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075352.v1
title: Extravasation of iodinated contrast medium in cancer patients undergoing computed tomography

description: Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of extravasation of iodinated contrast medium (ICM) at the site of intravenous injection in oncology patients submitted to computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive, single-center study that evaluated all patients who underwent CT with ICM administration and presented ICM extravasation, at a cancer center, between January 2010 and December 2015. Results: During the study period, we evaluated a total of 99,076 ICM injections and identified 199 cases of extravasation, the incidence rate therefore being 0.20%. Among the patients who presented extravasation, the mean age was 59.22 years and 60% were female. The extravasation was classified as mild in 94.10% of the patients and as moderate in 5.90%. There were no cases of severe extravasation in the sample. Conclusion: The incidence of ICM extravasation in cancer patients submitted to CT in the present study was similar to that reported for the general population, according to other studies in the literature. The vast majority of cases of extravasation were considered mild, and no severe cases were observed in the study sample.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/6gmorb
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DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075349
title: Technological game changers: convergence, hype, and evolving supply chain design

description: Abstract Paper aims Poor supply chain design cost Boeing, Chipotle, Lego, and Toyota billions in revenues, capitalization, and reputational value. This paper introduces a purposive, systematic supply chain design process, identifies economic disrupters, and describes how a proactive approach to supply chain design can support and propel visionary business models. Originality The paper introduces punctuated equilibrium as a critical lens to evaluate how technological disrupters will transform supply chain design and the development of Industry X.0. Converging game changers will place more companies at existential risk, making it essential to identify potential trigger events and how they might change the competitive rules. Research method Conceptual development following over 100 interviews with companies during a 10 year longitudinal study. Main findings Emerging technologies promise/threaten to transform the economy on the scale of the industrial and information revolutions. We discuss how each technology might influence supply chain design. Individually, each technology represents a game changer. Their convergence requires purposive supply chain design to shape the emergence of Industry X.0. Implications for theory and practice Managers who employ astute scanning and nuanced scenario analysis will position their companies to not only identify inflection points but also accurately assess the timing of the transformation. This skill set will be critical to designing and developing a supply chain able to support and propel visionary business models.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/6dogix
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description: :unav
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075349.v1
title: Technological game changers: convergence, hype, and evolving supply chain design

description: Abstract Paper aims Poor supply chain design cost Boeing, Chipotle, Lego, and Toyota billions in revenues, capitalization, and reputational value. This paper introduces a purposive, systematic supply chain design process, identifies economic disrupters, and describes how a proactive approach to supply chain design can support and propel visionary business models. Originality The paper introduces punctuated equilibrium as a critical lens to evaluate how technological disrupters will transform supply chain design and the development of Industry X.0. Converging game changers will place more companies at existential risk, making it essential to identify potential trigger events and how they might change the competitive rules. Research method Conceptual development following over 100 interviews with companies during a 10 year longitudinal study. Main findings Emerging technologies promise/threaten to transform the economy on the scale of the industrial and information revolutions. We discuss how each technology might influence supply chain design. Individually, each technology represents a game changer. Their convergence requires purposive supply chain design to shape the emergence of Industry X.0. Implications for theory and practice Managers who employ astute scanning and nuanced scenario analysis will position their companies to not only identify inflection points but also accurately assess the timing of the transformation. This skill set will be critical to designing and developing a supply chain able to support and propel visionary business models.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075343
title: Demanda por Automóveis e as Avaliações de Segurança do Latin NCAP

description: Resumo O presente trabalho procura avaliar a relevância da informação sobre a segurança dos automóveis para os consumidores brasileiros estimando um modelo de demanda logit aninhado controlado pelas notas de zero a cinco estrelas obtidas nos crash tests do Latin NCAP, pesquisa até o momento única no Brasil. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a nota obtida nos crash tests são relevantes para a utilidade média dos consumidores com os carros mais bem avaliados mostrando um nível de utilidade maior em relação aos veículos menos seguros.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075340
title: Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. Pathophysiology and new horizons in preconditioning and therapy

description: Abstract It is well known that during hepatic operative procedures, it is often critical that the irrigation is interrupted to avoid possible bleeding, blood transfusions, variable intensities, and their short and long-term consequences. It was believed in the past that the flow interruption should not exceed 20 minutes, which limited the use of this maneuver. However, it has been postulated that ischemia could be maintained for more than 60 minutes in healthy livers. The present paper review includes: 1) A brief introduction to justify the rationale of the review design; 2) Aspects of the pathophysiology of the three stages of the liver ischemia-reperfusion injury; 3) The innate and acquired immunity; 4) Oxidative stress; 5) Apoptosis and autophagy, Some essential biomarkers (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, nitric oxide, metalloproteinases); and, finally; 6) Preventive (“cheating”) strategies, non-pharmacological and pharmacological options to treat the liver IR injury.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075343.v1
title: Demanda por Automóveis e as Avaliações de Segurança do Latin NCAP

description: Resumo O presente trabalho procura avaliar a relevância da informação sobre a segurança dos automóveis para os consumidores brasileiros estimando um modelo de demanda logit aninhado controlado pelas notas de zero a cinco estrelas obtidas nos crash tests do Latin NCAP, pesquisa até o momento única no Brasil. Os resultados obtidos mostram que a nota obtida nos crash tests são relevantes para a utilidade média dos consumidores com os carros mais bem avaliados mostrando um nível de utilidade maior em relação aos veículos menos seguros.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/fkvjzi
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description: :unav
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075337
title: Ruralidades e Política Ambiental: heterogeneidade socioeconômica e lógicas indiferenciadas dos projetos públicos de pagamento por serviços ambientais

description: Abstract: The new ruralities have as a major feature a high degree of socio-economic and socio-cultural heterogeneity, based on the coexistence of farmers and new residents in rural areas. As landowners, both become the target of new environmental policies, including payment for water-related ecosystem services (PSA-Water). The paper analyzes the central component of PSA-Water, the payment, from the perspective of equity in the distribution of financial resources in the context of new ruralities. In 2013, we interviewed 77 farmers participating in three major Brazilian projects of PSA-Water. The projects were implemented in areas where landowners have different socioeconomic profiles. The degree of dependence on the rural property for the social reproduction of the household is a central component of this differentiation. PSA projects allocated larger amounts to landholders less dependent on the property for their livelihoods, but proportionally to the income of the households, contributed more to landholders more dependent on their lands. Two features of the design of projects tend to make invisible the heterogeneity of landholders. First, to adopt mainly environmental criteria to define the amount of the payment; and second, to take being a landholder (any type) as the main criterion for eligibility.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075340.v1
title: Liver ischemia and reperfusion injury. Pathophysiology and new horizons in preconditioning and therapy

description: Abstract It is well known that during hepatic operative procedures, it is often critical that the irrigation is interrupted to avoid possible bleeding, blood transfusions, variable intensities, and their short and long-term consequences. It was believed in the past that the flow interruption should not exceed 20 minutes, which limited the use of this maneuver. However, it has been postulated that ischemia could be maintained for more than 60 minutes in healthy livers. The present paper review includes: 1) A brief introduction to justify the rationale of the review design; 2) Aspects of the pathophysiology of the three stages of the liver ischemia-reperfusion injury; 3) The innate and acquired immunity; 4) Oxidative stress; 5) Apoptosis and autophagy, Some essential biomarkers (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, nitric oxide, metalloproteinases); and, finally; 6) Preventive (“cheating”) strategies, non-pharmacological and pharmacological options to treat the liver IR injury.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075337.v1
title: Ruralidades e Política Ambiental: heterogeneidade socioeconômica e lógicas indiferenciadas dos projetos públicos de pagamento por serviços ambientais

description: Abstract: The new ruralities have as a major feature a high degree of socio-economic and socio-cultural heterogeneity, based on the coexistence of farmers and new residents in rural areas. As landowners, both become the target of new environmental policies, including payment for water-related ecosystem services (PSA-Water). The paper analyzes the central component of PSA-Water, the payment, from the perspective of equity in the distribution of financial resources in the context of new ruralities. In 2013, we interviewed 77 farmers participating in three major Brazilian projects of PSA-Water. The projects were implemented in areas where landowners have different socioeconomic profiles. The degree of dependence on the rural property for the social reproduction of the household is a central component of this differentiation. PSA projects allocated larger amounts to landholders less dependent on the property for their livelihoods, but proportionally to the income of the households, contributed more to landholders more dependent on their lands. Two features of the design of projects tend to make invisible the heterogeneity of landholders. First, to adopt mainly environmental criteria to define the amount of the payment; and second, to take being a landholder (any type) as the main criterion for eligibility.
DOI: 10.26165/juelich-data/tvwuup/vqqs6r
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description: :unav
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7075325
title: Programmatic congruence in the Southern Cone. Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay in comparative perspective

description: Abstract Institutionalized party systems can coexist with a low programmatic congruence between elites and citizens. To the contrary, less institutionalized party systems could be in a position to generate greater programmatic congruence. We analyze this apparent anomaly in the Southern Cone of Latin America, comparing Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. Methodologically, we used three measures of congruence: averages, comparison of distributions (many-to-many), distance between voters and a median legislator (many-to-one). For this last measure, we designed multiple regression models to identify the variables that predict greater congruence. We arrived at the conclusion that in stable systems the electoral preferences remain despite the distance between elites and voters in some areas of the competition—Uruguay being the most representative case.