cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4081h6b
title: Data from: A common garden experiment to evaluate the morphological distinction between two species of shooting star (Primula section Dodecatheon) native to Pennsylvania

description: Two similar species of Primula section Dodecatheon are native and rare in
 Pennsylvania: P. meadia in the Potomac watershed and P. fassettii (syn. D.
 amethystinum), in the Susquehanna watershed. In the field P. meadia is
 more robust than P. fassettii in most features. We conducted a common
 garden experiment to determine whether P. fassettii would more nearly
 resemble P. meadia. We collected seeds from one field site in both
 watersheds in 2008. Plants were grown in a greenhouse at Mt. Cuba Center,
 Delaware until 2011, then in raised beds in a shade house. The first
 plants bloomed in 2012; almost all bloomed in 2013 and 2014. We gathered
 data on 22 characteristics through 2014. The two populations exhibited
 statistically significant convergence in the common garden (less
 difference than in the field) in leaf length and length-width ratio,
 flower number, and capsule wall thickness. Significant divergence (more
 difference than in the field) occurred in scape diameter, corolla color,
 and capsule shape and color value. The remaining characters did not
 converge or diverge: leaf width, leaf base coloration, scape length, calyx
 lobe length, corolla length, calyx:corolla length ratio, anther length,
 and anther color, as well as capsule length, width, length-width ratio,
 valve length, hue, and chroma. In common garden (compared to field), scape
 dimensions, flower number, capsule dimensions, and capsule wall thickness
 increased while calyx lobe length decreased. Corolla and anther length did
 not change. Corolla color was significantly darker in Susquehanna plants
 while capsule hue became more reddish in both populations.
description: DRYAD_data_Loeffler_and_Klotz._A_common_garden_study_of_two_species_of_shooting_star_06Apr2018Data and statistics associated with figures, tables, and appendices of the associated paper of the same name and authors published in Castanea
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bt5u5f
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 458 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Country is Mexico",
 "TaxonKey is Trimorphodon tau",
 "Year 1960-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 458 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000866-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n4k6p
title: Data from: Evidence for varying social strategies across the day in chacma baboons

description: Strong social bonds can make an important contribution to individual
 fitness, but we still have only a limited understanding of the temporal
 period relevant to the adjustment of social relationships. While there is
 growing recognition of the importance of strong bonds that persist for
 years, social relationships can also vary over weeks and months,
 suggesting that social strategies may be optimized over shorter
 timescales. Using biological market theory as a framework, we explore
 whether temporal variation in the benefits of social relationships might
 be sufficient to generate daily adjustments of social strategies in wild
 baboons. Data on grooming, one measure of social relationships, were
 collected from 60 chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) across two troops over a
 six month period. Our analyses suggest that social strategies can show
 diurnal variation, with subordinates preferentially grooming more dominant
 individuals earlier in the day compared with later in the day. These
 findings indicate that group-living animals may optimize certain elements
 of their social strategies over relatively short time periods.
description: Data used in Sick et al
 2014Sicketal2014data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4g6h8
title: Data from: Effects of UVB radiation on grazing of two cladocerans from high-altitude Andean lakes

description: Climate change and water extraction may result in increased exposition of
 the biota to ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) in high-altitude Andean lakes.
 Although exposition to lethal doses in these lakes is unlikely, sub-lethal
 UVB doses may have strong impacts in key compartments such as zooplankton.
 Here, we aimed at determining the effect of sub-lethal UVB doses on
 filtration rates of two cladoceran species (Daphnia pulicaria and
 Ceriodaphnia dubia). We firstly estimated the Incipient Limiting
 Concentration (ILC) and the Gut Passage Time (GPT) for both species.
 Thereafter we exposed clones of each species to four increasing UVB doses
 (treatments): i) DUV-0 (Control), ii) DUV-1 (0.02 MJ m2), iii) DUV-2 (0.03
 MJ m2) and iv) DUV-3 (0.15 MJ m2); and estimated their filtration rates
 using fluorescent micro-spheres. Our results suggest that increasing
 sub-lethal doses of UVB radiation may strongly disturb the structure and
 functioning of high-altitude Andean lakes. Filtration rates of D.
 pulicaria were not affected by the lowest dose applied (DUV-1), but
 decreased by 50% in treatments DUV-2 and DUV-3. Filtration rates for C.
 dubia were reduced by more than 80% in treatments DUV-1 and DUV-2 and 100
 % of mortality occurred at the highest UVB dose applied (DUV-3).
description: Gut passage time of
 Daphnia pulicariaGut passage time of
 Daphnia pulicaria was determined by testing 8 feeding
 times.GPT_Daphnia.xlsxGut passage time of Ceriodaphnia dubiaGut passage time of Ceriodaphnia dubia was determined by testing 4 feeding times.GPT_Ceriodaphnia.xlsxIncipient Limiting Concentration of Daphnia pulicariaIncipient Limiting Concentration of Daphnia pulicaria evaluated in 5 food concentrations.ILC_Daphnia.xlsxIncipient Limiting Concentration of Ceriodaphnia dubiaIncipient Limiting Concentration of Ceriodaphnia dubia determinated in 6 food concentrationsILC_Ceriodaphnia.xlsxFiltration rates of Daphnia pulicaria and Ceriodaphnia dubia under UVB radiationExperimental data of filtration rates of Daphnia pulicaria and Ceriodaphnia dubia under 3 different doses of UVB radiation.UV exp.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.35rs4
title: Data from: Large fluctuations in the effective population size of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. during vector control cycle

description: On Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea, indoor residual spraying (IRS) has
 been part of the Bioko Island Malaria Control Project since early 2004.
 Despite success in reducing childhood infections, areas of high
 transmission remained on the island. We therefore examined fluctuations in
 the effective population size (N_e) of the malaria vector Anopheles
 gambiae in an area of persistent high transmission over two spray rounds.
 We analyzed data for 13 microsatellite loci from 791 An. gambiae specimens
 collected at 6 time points in 2009 and 2010 and reconstructed the
 demographic history of the population during this period using Approximate
 Bayesian Computation (ABC). Our analysis shows that IRS rounds have a big
 impact on N_e, reducing it by 65% to 92% from pre-spray round N_e. More
 importantly our analysis shows that after 3-5 months, the An. gambiae
 population rebounded by 2,818% compared to shortly following the spray
 round. Our study underscores the importance of adequate spray round
 frequency to provide continuous suppression of mosquito populations, and
 that increased spray round frequency should substantially improve the
 efficacy of IRS campaigns. It also demonstrates the ability of ABC to
 reconstruct a detailed demographic history across only a few tens of
 generations in a large population.
description: Mongola2009andPE2010DataforDryadThe excel sheet labeled Data contains the genotypes of 791 Anopheles gambiae females for 13 microsatellite loci analyzed in the manuscript: Hodges et al. 2013. Large fluctuations in the effective population size of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae s.s. during vector control cycle. Evolutionary Applications (in press). The format is that of typical microsatellite genotype data, which can be easily imported into the GENALEX program and also formatted into input files for a number of genetic data software programs. The genotype data is arranged as 1 population for each time point with the most recent time point first: Pop1 is April 2010, Pop2 is November 2009, Pop3 is September 2009, Pop4 Is July 2009, Pop5 is May 2009, and Pop6 is March 2009.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cp3f820
title: Data from: Frequency-dependence shapes the adaptive landscape of imperfect Batesian mimicry

description: Despite more than a century of biological research on the evolution and
 maintenance of mimetic signals, the relative frequencies of models and
 mimics necessary to establish and maintain Batesian mimicry in natural
 populations remains understudied. Here we investigate the
 frequency-dependent dynamics of imperfect Batesian mimicry, using
 predation experiments involving artificial butterfly models. We use two
 geographically distinct populations of Adelpha butterflies that vary in
 their relative frequencies of a putatively defended model (Adelpha
 iphiclus) and Batesian mimic (Adelpha serpa). We found that in Costa Rica,
 where both species share similar abundances, Batesian mimicry breaks down,
 and predators more readily attack artificial butterfly models of the
 presumed mimic, A. serpa. In contrast, in Ecuador, where A. iphiclus
 (model) is significantly more abundant than A. serpa (mimic), both species
 are equally protected from predation. Our results provide compelling
 experimental evidence that imperfect Batesian mimicry is
 frequency-dependent on the relative abundance of models and mimics in
 natural populations, and contribute to the growing body of evidence that
 complex dynamics, such as seasonality or the availability of alternative
 prey, influence the evolution of mimetic traits.
description: Costa Rica and Ecuador
 Predation DataPredation data for
 Adelpha iphiclus, Adelpha serpa, Junonia evarete, and Adelpha leucopthalma
 during experiments in Costa Rica (March-April 2016) and Ecuador
 (January-February 2017). Data represent attacks by avian predators across
 four days in select forest sites.DRYAD Predation
 Data.xlsxCosta Rica and Ecuador
 Abundance DataAbundance data showing
 monthly observed adult records of Adelpha iphiclus and Adelpha serpa in
 Costa Rica (March 2015-August 2016) and Ecuador (July 2015-April 2017).
 Shaded rows indicate observations that overlap during predation
 experiments at those field locations.DRYAD Abundance
 Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.506sg
title: Data from: Not all weeds are created equal: a database approach uncovers differences in the sexual system of native and introduced weeds

description: Weedy species provide excellent opportunities to examine the process of
 successful colonization of novel environments. Despite the influence of
 the sexual system on a variety of processes from reproduction to genetic
 structure, how the sexual system of species influences weediness has
 received only limited consideration. We examined the hypothesis that weedy
 plants have an increased likelihood of being self-compatible compared with
 nonweedy plants; this hypothesis is derived from Baker's law, which
 states that species that can reproduce uniparentally are more likely to
 successfully establish in a new habitat where mates are lacking. We
 combined a database of the weed (weedy/nonweedy) and introduction status
 (introduced/native) of plant species found in the USA with a database of
 plant sexual systems and determined whether native and introduced weeds
 varied in their sexual systems compared with native and introduced
 nonweeds. We found that introduced weeds are overrepresented by species
 with both male and female functions present within a single flower
 (hermaphrodites) whereas weeds native to the USA are overrepresented by
 species with male and female flowers present on a single plant (monoecious
 species). Overall, our results show that Baker's law is supported at
 the level of the sexual system, thus providing further evidence that
 uniparental reproduction is an important component of being either a
 native or introduced weed.
description: BreedingSystemUSDAThis file contains the sexual system and weedy/native status for each species.Tree with branch lengthsThis file contains the tree data with branch lengths obtained via bladj. See paper for more details.phyloout.full.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9f392s7r
title: Data from: Brood mixing and reduced polyandry in a maternally mouthbrooding cichlid with elevated among-breeder relatedness

description: Uniparental maternal brood care often coincides with multiple paternity
 and single maternity of broods, possibly reflecting benefits of polyandry
 and costs of uniparental care. Genetic data from the maternally
 mouthbrooding cichlid fish Simochromis pleurospilus revealed the opposite
 pattern – low polyandry and allomaternal care. More than 70% of the
 investigated females had mated with a single male, and 14% of the females
 had unrelated fry in their broods. Broods with foreign fry were in the
 late stage of brood care, in which females guard free-swimming fry and
 recall the broods into their mouths for protection. With one exception,
 fostering females were related to their adopted fry at the level of first
 cousins (RQG&gt;0.12), but relatedness between fosters and adopted fry
 was not significantly higher than between fosters and fry tended by other
 females. Relatedness among breeders extended to the level of first-order
 relatives. Mean relatedness among contemporaneously breeding dams
 (RQG=0.08) was significantly higher than among dams breeding in different
 seasons (RQG=-0.04), which suggests a temporal or spatial concentration of
 mouthbrooding relatives. Indeed, females sometimes brood in small groups.
 This behavior may reduce brood predation but will increase the risk of
 brood mixing, which is possibly mitigated by low costs of brood care and
 indirect benefits accrued by relatedness among the breeders in the group.
 Remarkably, the apparent inbreeding potential did not give rise to
 bet-hedging polyandry or active avoidance of relatives, as half of the
 mated individuals were related at RQG&gt;0.13 and polyandry did not
 coincide with high within-pair relatedness.
description: Simochromis pleurospilus
 microsatellite genotypessee ReadMe
 file
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qg823
title: Data from: Different ornaments signal male health and MHC variation in two populations of a warbler

description: Male traits that signal health and vigour are used by females to choose
 better quality mates, but in some cases the male trait selected by females
 differs among populations. Multiple male traits can be maintained through
 female mate choice if both traits are equally honest indicators of male
 quality, but tests of this prediction are rare. By choosing males based on
 such traits, females could gain direct benefits from males (assistance
 with parental care), but when females choose extra-pair mates based on
 these traits, females gain only male sperm, and potentially indirect
 genetic benefits for their offspring. In common yellowthroats (Geothylpis
 trichas), female choice of extra-pair mates targets two different plumage
 ornaments: the black mask in a Wisconsin population and the yellow bib in
 a New York population. Previously, we found that the black mask in
 Wisconsin is related to greater major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
 class II variation, which in turn signals better survival and disease
 resistance. In this study, we examined the signalling function of the
 yellow bib in New York to test whether it signals the same aspects of male
 quality as the black mask in Wisconsin. As predicted, we found that the
 yellow bib in New York is most closely associated with MHC variation,
 which also signals survival and resistance to blood parasites. Thus, the
 ornament preferred by females differs between the two populations, but the
 different ornaments signal similar aspects of male health and genetic
 quality, specifically information regarding MHC variation and potential
 indirect genetic benefits to females.
description: data on male ornaments
 and MHC variationsee Read Me file for
 variable explanationsData from Whittingham et al.
 Mol. Ecol.2015.csvWhittingham Class I
 SequencesMHC sequences and
 presence/absence for each male in Whittingham et al. Molecular Ecology
 2015.Whittingham Class II
 SequencesMHC sequences and
 presence/absence for each male in Whittingham et al. Molecular Ecology
 2015.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.29470
title: Data from: Natural enemy ecology: comparing the effects of predation risk, infection risk and disease on host behavior

description: 1. Growing interest in unifying the field of natural enemy ecology has
 revealed similarities between predation and parasitism. In parallel with
 predation, parasite infection – and even the threat of infection – can
 alter host traits and indirectly affect community interactions.
 Nonetheless, few studies have considered multiple mechanisms of natural
 enemy-induced behavioural alteration in parallel (e.g. effects before and
 after enemy contact) or the factors that drive variation in behavioural
 responses. 2. We first evaluated how the threat of infection by a virulent
 trematode (Ribeiroia ondatrae) compared to the well studied risk of
 predation in triggering inducible defences in amphibian hosts, prior to
 direct contact with either enemy. We then evaluated five separate factors
 that influenced the magnitude of parasite-induced behavioural changes
 after successful transmission. 3. In both the laboratory and an outdoor
 mesocosm experiment, we found no evidence that tadpoles of two species
 (Pseudacris regilla and Anaxyrus boreas) altered their activity levels in
 response to chemical cues from uninfected host snails, trematode-infected
 snails, or from conspecifics actively becoming infected. In contrast,
 tadpoles sharply reduced their activity in response to lethal predation
 risks posed by caged dragonfly larvae. 4. After infection, however,
 Ribeiroia caused strong decreases in host activity and escape distance
 that correlated positively with infection intensity and negatively with
 host size and developmental stage. Five days after infection with a
 one-time pulse exposure, hosts recovered to near-normal activity levels.
 Hosts exposed to a chronic daily exposure of equal intensity, however,
 continued to decrease activity. Unlike Ribeiroia, two less virulent
 trematodes had no detectable effects on host behaviour. 5. Our results
 highlight key distinctions between predation and parasitism. The
 contrasting effects prior to enemy contact may stem from the fact that
 unlike predation, the consequences of macroparasite infection are
 intensity-dependent and unpredictable. In contrast, the strong changes in
 host behaviour after infection are more similar to non-consumptive
 predator effects in terms of their potential influences on host fitness
 and community interactions.
description: Data from Preston et al.
 FEThe
 data file consists of a metadata tab and seven data tabs. The metadata
 describes the contents of the data tabs.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5md87rm
title: Data from: Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in a long-term non-weeded field experiment

description: Many grassland biodiversity experiments show a positive relationship
 between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, however, in most these
 experiments plant communities are established by sowing and natural
 colonization is prevented by selective weeding of non-sown species. During
 ecosystem restoration, for example on abandoned fields, plant communities
 start on bare soil, and diversity is often manipulated in a single sowing
 event. How such initial plant diversity manipulations influence plant
 biodiversity development and ecosystem functioning is not well understood.
 We examined how relationships between taxonomic and functional diversity,
 biomass production and stability develop over 16 years in non-weeded plots
 sown with 15 species, 4 species, or that were not sown. We found that sown
 plant communities become functionally similar to unsown, naturally
 colonized plant communities. However, initial sowing treatments had
 long-lasting effects on species composition and taxonomic diversity. We
 found only few relationships between biomass production, or stability in
 biomass production, and functional or taxonomic diversity, and the ones we
 observed were negative. In addition, the cover of dominant plant species
 was positively related to biomass production and stability. We conclude
 that effects of introducing plant species at the start of secondary
 succession can persist for a long time, and that in secondary succession
 communities with natural plant species dynamics diversity-functioning
 relationships can be weak or negative. Moreover, our findings indicate
 that in systems where natural colonization of species is allowed effects
 of plant dominance may underlie diversity-functioning relationships.
description: Ecology_for
 DryadPlant trait, plant
 biomass and plant diversity data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6p889
title: Data from: Vertical partitioning between sister species of Rhizopogon fungi on mesic and xeric sites in an interior Douglas-fir forest

description: Understanding ectomycorrhizal fungal (EMF) community structure is limited
 by a lack of taxonomic resolution and autecological information.
 Rhizopogon vesiculosus and R. vinicolor (Basidiomycota) are
 morphologically and genetically related species. They are dominant members
 of interior Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) EMF
 communities, but mechanisms leading to their coexistence are unknown. We
 investigated the microsite associations and foraging strategy of
 individual R. vesiculosus and R. vinicolor genets. Mycelia spatial
 patterns, pervasiveness and root colonization patterns of fungal genets
 were compared between Rhizopogon species and between xeric and mesic soil
 moisture regimes. Rhizopogon spp. mycelia were systematically excavated
 from the soil and identified using microsatellite DNA markers. Rhizopogon
 vesiculosus mycelia occurred at greater depth, were more spatially
 pervasive, and colonized more tree roots than R. vinicolor mycelia. Both
 species were frequently encountered in organic layers and between the
 interface of organic and mineral horizons. They were particularly abundant
 within microsites associated with soil moisture retention. The occurrence
 of R. vesiculosus shifted in the presence of R. vinicolor towards mineral
 soil horizons, where R. vinicolor was mostly absent. This suggests that
 competition and foraging strategy may contribute towards the vertical
 partitioning observed between these species. R. vesiculosus and R.
 vinicolor mycelia systems occurred at greater mean depths and were more
 pervasive in mesic plots compared to xeric plots. The spatial continuity
 and number of trees colonized by genets of each species did not
 significantly differ between soil moisture regimes.
description: MEC-12-0646_SampleDatasee 'ReadMe_EnvironmentData'MEC-12-0646_EnvironmentDatasee 'ReadMe_EnvironmentData'MEC-12-0646_MyceliaSpatialsee 'ReadMe_EnvironmentData'MEC-12-0646_GenotypeDatasee 'ReadMe_GenotypeData'MEC-12-0646_PopDatasee 'ReadMe_GenotypeData'ReadMe_MEC-12-0646_DataPackReadMe provides general description of data files comprising data package associated with manuscript MEC-12-0646