cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s508j
title: Data from: Pale and dark morphs of tawny owls show different patterns of telomere dynamics in relation to disease status

description: Parasites are expected to exert long-term costs on host fecundity and
 longevity. Understanding the consequences of heritable polymorphic
 variation in disease defence in wild populations is essential in order to
 predict evolutionary responses to changes in disease risk. Telomeres have
 been found to shorten faster in malaria-diseased individuals compared with
 healthy ones with negative effects on longevity and thereby fitness. Here,
 we study the impact of haemosporidian blood parasites on telomere dynamics
 in tawny owls, which display a highly heritable plumage colour
 polymorphism. Previously, it has been shown that blood parasites have
 morph-specific impact on body mass maintenance. Here, we show that
 telomeres shortened faster in individuals with shorter breeding lifespan.
 Telomere length was negatively associated with the degree of pheomelanic
 brown coloration and shorter in infected than uninfected individuals. The
 rate of telomere shortening between breeding seasons was faster in darker
 pheomelanic individuals and suppression of parasite intensity between
 seasons was associated with faster telomere shortening in the paler
 individuals but not in darker ones. We propose that morph-specific
 physiological profiles cause differential telomere shortening and that
 this is likely to be a mechanism involved in previously documented
 environment-driven survival selection against the pheomelanic morph in
 this population.
description: Measurements of telomere
 length and blood parasitism in tawny owlsData are collected in
 the field. Molecular qPCR methods used to estimate telomere length and
 parasite intensity from blood samplesKarell_et_al_Data_TL_and_parasite.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2d7km
title: Data from: Body shape transformation along a shared axis of anatomical evolution in labyrinth fishes (Anabantoidei)

description: Major morphological transformations, such as the evolution of elongate
 body shape in vertebrates, punctuate evolutionary history. A fundamental
 step in understanding the processes that give rise to such transformations
 is identification of the underlying anatomical changes. But as we
 demonstrate in this study, important insights can also be gained by
 comparing these changes to those that occur in ancestral and closely
 related lineages. In labyrinth fishes (Anabantoidei), rapid evolution of a
 highly derived torpedo-shaped body in the common ancestor of the pikehead
 (Luciocephalus aura and L. pulcher) occurred primarily through exceptional
 elongation of the head, with secondary contributions involving reduction
 in body depth and lengthening of the precaudal vertebral region. This
 combination of changes aligns closely with the primary axis of anatomical
 diversification in other anabantoids, revealing that pikehead evolution
 involved extraordinarily rapid change in structures that were ancestrally
 labile. Finer-scale examination of the anatomical components that
 determine head elongation also shows alignment between the pikehead
 evolutionary trajectory and the primary axis of cranial diversification in
 anabantoids, with much higher evolutionary rates leading to the pikehead.
 Altogether, our results show major morphological transformation stemming
 from extreme change along a shared morphological axis in labyrinth fishes.
description: Morphological
 measurements in labyrinth fishesMorphological
 measurements for individual specimens from 24 labyrinth fish species.
 These characters describe dimensions of the body and head as well as the
 number and shape of individual vertebrae in the precaudal and caudal
 regions of the axial skeleton. Abbreviations are as follows: SL is
 standard length, BD is body depth, BW is body width, HL is head length, HD
 is head depth, HW is head width, PCN is number of precaudal vertebrae, PCL
 is length of precaudal vertebrae, PCD is depth of precaudal vertebrae, PCW
 is width of precaudal vertebrae, CN is number of caudal vertebrae, CL is
 length of caudal vertebrae, CD is depth of caudal vertebrae, and CW is
 width of caudal vertebrae. All linear measurements are in
 mm.labyrinth_data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4p30k
title: Data from: The combined effects of temporal autocorrelation and the costs of plasticity on the evolution of plasticity

description: Adaptive phenotypic plasticity is an important source of intraspecific
 variation, and for many plastic traits the costs or factors limiting
 plasticity seem cryptic. However, there are several different factors that
 may constrain the evolution of plasticity, but few models have considered
 costs and limiting factors simultaneously. Here we use a simulation model
 to investigate how the optimal level of plasticity in a population depends
 on a fixed fitness cost for maintaining a potential for plasticity or an
 incremental fitness cost for producing a plastic response in combination
 with environmental unpredictability (environmental fluctuation speed)
 limiting plasticity. Our model identifies two mechanisms that act, almost
 separately, to constrain the evolution of plasticity: 1) The fitness cost
 of plasticity scaled by the non-plastic environmental tolerance, and 2)
 the environmental fluctuation speed scaled by the rate of phenotypic
 change. That is, the evolution of plasticity is constrained by the high
 cost of plasticity in combination with high tolerance for environmental
 variation, or fast environmental changes in combination with slow plastic
 response. Qualitatively similar results are found when fixed and
 incremental fitness costs of plasticity are incorporated, although a
 larger degree of plasticity is selected for with an incremental cost. Our
 model highlights that it is important to consider direct fitness costs and
 phenotypic limitations in relation to non-plastic environmental tolerance
 and environmental fluctuations, respectively, to understand what
 constrains the evolution of phenotypic plasticity.
description: MATLAB Code -
 Autocorrelation and the costs of plasticityMatlab code for
 simulation and plotting selected degree of plasticity in a continuously
 changing environment.Plasticity_FixedMatlab code for simulation and plotting of selected plasticity and environmental specialisation in an environment with fixed environmental states
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0m480
title: Data from: Plasticity of parental care under the risk of predation: how much should parents reduce care?

description: Predation can be an important agent of natural selection shaping parental
 care behaviours, and can also favor behavioural plasticity. Parent birds
 often decrease the rate that they visit the nest to provision offspring
 when perceived risk is high. Yet the plasticity of such responses may
 differ among species as a function of either their relative risk of
 predation, or the mean rate of provisioning. Here, we report parental
 provisioning responses to experimental increases in the perceived risk of
 predation. We tested responses of 10 species of birds in north temperate
 Arizona and subtropical Argentina that differed in their ambient risk of
 predation. All species decreased provisioning rates in response to the
 nest predator but not to a control. However, provisioning rates decreased
 more in species that had greater ambient risk of predation on natural
 nests. These results support theoretical predictions that the extent of
 plasticity of a trait that is sensitive to nest predation risk should vary
 among species in accordance with predation risk.
description: Ghalamboretal_Predator_Induced_Behavior_Datathese data describe changes in nestling provisioning rates of 10 species of birds in response to increased perceived risk of nest predation. The data were collected in the field and match phylogenetically paired species from Arizona, USA and Salta, Argentina. The nest predator was a jay that occurs on each of the study sites.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s53ns
title: Data from: Tillage and herbicide reduction mitigate the gap between conventional and organic farming effects on foraging activity of insectivorous bats

description: The increased use of pesticides and tillage intensification is known to
 negatively affect biodiversity. Changes in these agricultural practices
 such as herbicide and tillage reduction have variable effects among taxa,
 especially at the top of the trophic network including insectivorous bats.
 Very few studies compared the effects of agricultural practices on such
 taxa, and overall, only as a comparison of conventional versus organic
 farming without accurately accounting for underlying practices, especially
 in conventional where many alternatives exist. Divergent results founded
 in these previous studies could be driven by this lack of clarification
 about some unconsidered practices inside both conventional and organic
 systems. We simultaneously compared, over whole nights, bat activity on
 contiguous wheat fields of one organic and three conventional farming
 systems located in an intensive agricultural landscape. The studied
 organic fields (OT) used tillage (i.e., inversion of soil) without
 chemical inputs. In studied conventional fields, differences consisted of
 the following: tillage using few herbicides (T), conservation tillage
 (i.e., no inversion of soil) using few herbicides (CT), and conservation
 tillage using more herbicide (CTH), to control weeds. Using 64 recording
 sites (OT = 12; T = 21; CT = 13; CTH = 18), we sampled several sites per
 system placed inside the fields each night. We showed that bat activity
 was always higher in OT than in T systems for two (Pipistrellus kuhlii and
 Pipistrellus pipistrellus) of three species and for one (Pipistrellus
 spp.) of two genera, as well as greater species richness. The same results
 were found for the CT versus T system comparison. CTH system showed higher
 activity than T for only one genus (Pipistrellus spp.). We did not detect
 any differences between OT and CT systems, and CT showed higher activity
 than CTH system for only one species (Pipistrellus kuhlii). Activity in OT
 of Pipistrellus spp. was overall 3.6 and 9.3 times higher than CTH and T
 systems, respectively, and 6.9 times higher in CT than T systems. Our
 results highlight an important benefit of organic farming and contrasted
 effects in conventional farming. That there were no differences detected
 between the organic and one conventional system is a major result. This
 demonstrates that even if organic farming is presently difficult to
 implement and requires a change of economic context for farmers,
 considerable and easy improvements in conventional farming are attainable,
 while maintaining yields and approaching the ecological benefits of
 organic methods.
description: barre_et_al_2017
 farming_practices_batsbarre_et_al_farming_practices_bats.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kf0h22h
title: Data from: Can larvae of a marine fish adapt to ocean acidification? Evaluating the evolutionary potential of California Grunion (Leuresthes tenuis)

description: Ocean acidification can reduce the growth and survival of marine species
 during their larval stages. However, if populations have the genetic
 capacity to adapt and increase their tolerance of low pH and high pCO2
 levels, this may offset the harmful effects of ocean acidification. By
 combining controlled breeding experiments with laboratory manipulations of
 seawater chemistry, we evaluated genetic variation in tolerance of ocean
 acidification conditions for a nearshore marine fish, the California
 Grunion (Leuresthes tenuis). Our results indicated that acidification
 conditions increased overall mortality rates of grunion larvae, but did
 not have a significant effect on growth. Groups of larvae varied widely
 with respect to mortality and growth rates in both ambient and acidified
 conditions. We demonstrate that the potential to evolve in response to
 ocean acidification is best described by considering additive genetic
 variation in fitness-related traits under both ambient and acidified
 conditions, and by evaluating the genetic correlation between traits
 expressed in these environments. We used a multivariate animal model to
 estimate additive genetic (co)variance in larval growth and mortality
 rates under both ambient and acidified conditions (low pH/high pCO2). Our
 results suggest appreciable genetic variation in larval mortality rates
 (h2Ambient = 0.120; h2Acidified = 0.183; rG = 0.460), but less genetic
 variation in growth (h2Ambient = 0.092; h2Acidified = 0.101; rG = 0.135).
 Maternal effects on larval mortality rates accounted for 26-36% of the
 variation in phenotypes, but maternal effects accounted for only 8% of the
 variation in growth. Collectively, our estimates of genetic variation and
 covariation suggest that populations of California Grunion have the
 capacity to adapt relatively quickly to long-term changes in ocean
 chemistry.
description: grunion_OA_exptMeasurements of mortality rates and average sizes of larvae under two treatments: ambient pCO2 and pH, and low pH/high pCO2
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17550627
title: Cluster Sensitivity Analysis: Thematic Stability with/without 2025 Publications – AI in Sustainable Finance and ESG

description:  

This dataset demonstrates the impact of 2025 publications on thematic clusters using Cohen's Kappa on 27 keywords.

Key result: Kappa = -0.249 (p = 0.0316) → significant cluster instability when including 2025 data.

Files:- cluster_sensitivity_kappa.R (full script)- cluster_keywords_27.csv (data)- kappa_cluster_result.txt (exact output)- README.md
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8538d
title: Data from: Age and early social environment influence guppy social learning propensities

description: Social learning, learning from others, allows animals to quickly and
 adaptively adjust to changing environments, but only if social learning
 provides reliable, useful information in that environment. Early life
 conditions provide a potential cue to the reliability of social
 information later in life. Here, we addressed whether direct early life
 experience of the utility of social learning influences later social
 learning propensities. We reared guppy, Poecilia reticulata, fry for 45
 days in three different social conditions which involved the presence of
 adult demonstrators providing cues about feeding locations in the tanks
 (‘follow adults’ and ‘avoid adults’ treatments), or their absence (‘no
 adults’ treatment). In the ‘follow adults’ treatment, juveniles that swam
 in the same direction as the adult demonstrators found food, whereas in
 the ‘avoid adults’ treatment, subjects that swam in the opposite direction
 to the demonstrators found food. We then tested the fish with a social
 learning task, to examine whether prior experience had influenced the
 social learning tendencies of the juveniles. After another 45 days of
 rearing under common-garden conditions with no adult fish present in the
 tanks, subjects were retested with the same social learning task, to
 investigate whether early experiences had effects persisting into
 adulthood. After 45 days of rearing we found no evidence for social
 learning in any of the experimental groups. However, after 90 days of
 rearing, we found evidence of social learning, but only in the ‘follow
 adults’ treatment. These results suggest that social learning propensities
 may develop over life, and that prior exposure to conspecifics providing
 useful foraging information during early life can shape the degree of
 reliance on social learning in adulthood.
description: DatasetPlease refer to ReadMe file.Data_LerisReaderAnBeh2016.csv
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17550626
title: Cluster Sensitivity Analysis: Thematic Stability with/without 2025 Publications – AI in Sustainable Finance and ESG

description:  

This dataset demonstrates the impact of 2025 publications on thematic clusters using Cohen's Kappa on 27 keywords.

Key result: Kappa = -0.249 (p = 0.0316) → significant cluster instability when including 2025 data.

Files:- cluster_sensitivity_kappa.R (full script)- cluster_keywords_27.csv (data)- kappa_cluster_result.txt (exact output)- README.md
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ds3v4
title: Data from: Highest genetic diversity at the northern range limit of the rare orchid Isotria medeoloides

description: Populations in previously glaciated regions are often genetically
 depauperate in comparison with populations at lower latitudes, due either
 to bottlenecks experienced in post-glacial colonization, or to
 contemporary genetic drift in small, peripheral populations. Populations
 of the rare self-fertilizing North American orchid Isotria medeoloides are
 largest in the previously glaciated region near the northern range limit,
 allowing us to examine the role of historical versus contemporary
 processes in determining population genetic diversity and structure. If
 contemporary processes predominate, genetic diversity should increase with
 increasing census size. In contrast, if sequential bottlenecks associated
 with colonization are paramount, diversity should decrease with latitude
 and be relatively insensitive to census size. We genotyped 299 individuals
 from 20 populations at four variable microsatellite loci to contrast
 genetic diversity and structure for populations in previously glaciated
 regions versus previously unglaciated regions. Populations were highly
 inbred (F = 0.95) and highly differentiated (RST = 0.485). Across all
 sampled populations, genetic diversity decreased and genetic
 differentiation increased with declining population size. Small southern
 populations were especially differentiated and genetically depauperate. In
 the glaciated part of the range, genetic diversity increased as
 populations approached the northern range limit, demonstrating the
 centrality of contemporary processes for this post-glacial colonist.
description: isotria_dataThe file provides fragment lengths generated by PCR at three microsatellite loci. For each locus, the first column gives one allele, and the "het" column gives the second allele if the plant was a heterozygote. Populations are numbered north to south.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8qg42
title: Data from: Multiple natural enemies cause distance-dependent mortality at the seed-to-seedling transition

description: Specialised natural enemies maintain forest diversity by reducing tree
 survival in a density- or distance-dependent manner. Fungal pathogens,
 insects and mammals are the enemy types most commonly hypothesised to
 cause this phenomenon. Still, their relative importance remains largely
 unknown, as robust manipulative experiments have generally targeted a
 single enemy type and life history stage. Here, we use fungicide,
 insecticide and physical exclosure treatments to isolate the impacts of
 each enemy type on two life history stages (germination and early seedling
 survival) in three tropical tree species. Distance dependence was evident
 for five of six species-stage combinations, with each enemy type causing
 distance dependence for at least one species stage and their importance
 varying widely between species and stages. Rather than implicating one
 enemy type as the primary agent of this phenomenon, our field experiments
 suggest that multiple agents acting at different life stages collectively
 contribute to this diversity-promoting mechanism.
description: Data and
 codeZipped folder containing
 data from field experiments on seeds and seedlings under fungicide,
 insecticide, and mammal exclusion treatments and R scripts for
 analysis.source and strength data and
 code.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.25d04
title: Data from: Genetic drift in antagonistic genes leads to divergence in sex-specific fitness between experimental populations of Drosophila melanogaster

description: Males and females differ in their reproductive roles and as a consequence
 are often under diverging selection pressures on shared phenotypic traits.
 Theory predicts that divergent selection can favor the invasion of
 sexually antagonistic alleles, which increase the fitness of one sex at
 the detriment of the other. Sexual antagonism can be subsequently resolved
 through the evolution of sex-specific gene expression, allowing the sexes
 to diverge phenotypically. While sexual dimorphism is very common, recent
 evidence also shows that antagonistic genetic variation continues to
 segregate in populations of many organisms. Here we present empirical data
 on the interaction between sexual antagonism and genetic drift in
 populations that have independently evolved under standardized conditions.
 We demonstrate that small experimental populations of Drosophila
 melanogaster have diverged in male and female fitness, with some
 populations showing high male, but low female fitness while other
 populations show the reverse pattern. The between-population patterns are
 consistent with the differentiation in reproductive fitness being driven
 by genetic drift in sexually antagonistic alleles. We discuss the
 implications of our results with respect to the maintenance of
 antagonistic variation in subdivided populations and consider the wider
 implications of drift in fitness-related genes.
description: HeskethEtAL_2012_Data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c2hf0
title: Data from: Amplicon-pyrosequencing based detection of compositional shifts in bryophyte-associated fungal communities along an elevation gradient.

description: Although bryophytes are a dominant vegetation component of boreal and
 alpine ecosystems, little is known about their associated fungal
 communities. HPLC assays of ergosterol (fungal biomass) and amplicon
 pyrosequencing of the ITS2 region of rDNA were used to investigate how the
 fungal communities associated with four bryophyte species changed across
 an elevational gradient transitioning from conifer forest to the low
 alpine. Fungal biomass and OTU richness associated with the four moss
 hosts did not vary significantly across the gradient (p&gt;0.05), and
 both were more strongly affected by host and tissue-type. Despite largely
 constant levels of fungal biomass, distinct shifts in community
 composition of fungi associated with Hylocomium, Pleurozium, and
 Polytrichum occured between the elevation zones of the gradient. This
 likely is a result of influence on fungal communities by major
 environmental factors such as temperature, directly or indirectly mediated
 by, or interacting with, the response of other components of the
 vegetation (i.e. the dominant trees). Fungal communities associated with
 Dicranum were an exception, exhibiting spatial autocorrelation between
 plots, and no significant structuring by elevation. Nevertheless, the
 detection of distinct fungal assemblages associated with a single host
 growing in different elevation zones along an elevational gradient is of
 particular relevance in light of the ongoing changes in vegetation
 patterns in boreal and alpine systems due to global climate warming.
description: GradientBiomassTab-delimited table indicating ergosterol content of mosses from four elevation zones.