DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t7882
title: Data from: Effect of HIV and malaria parasites co-infection on immune-hematological profiles among patients attending anti-retroviral treatment (ART) clinic in Infectious Disease Hospital Kano, Nigeria

description: Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria co-infection may
 present worse health outcomes in the tropics. Information on HIV/malaria
 co-infection effect on immune-hematological profiles is critical for
 patient care and there is a paucity of such data in Nigeria. Objective To
 evaluate immune-hematological profiles among HIV infected patients
 compared to HIV/malaria co-infected for ART management improvement.
 Methods This was a cross sectional study conducted at Infectious Disease
 Hospital, Kano. A total of 761 consenting adults attending ART clinic were
 randomly selected and recruited between June and December 2015.
 Participants’ characteristics and clinical details including two previous
 CD4 counts were collected. Venous blood sample (4ml) was collected in EDTA
 tube for malaria parasite diagnosis by rapid test and confirmed with
 microscopy. Hematological profiles were analyzed by Sysmex XP-300 and CD4
 count by Cyflow cytometry. Data was analyzed with SPSS 22.0 using
 Chi-Square test for association between HIV/malaria parasites co-infection
 with age groups, gender, ART, cotrimoxazole and usage of treated bed nets.
 Mean hematological profiles by HIV/malaria co-infection and HIV only were
 compared using independent t-test and mean CD4 count tested by mixed
 design repeated measures ANOVA. Statistical significant difference at
 probability of &lt;0.05 was considered for all variables. Results Of
 the 761 HIV infected, 64% were females, with a mean age of ± (SD) 37.30
 (10.4) years. Prevalence of HIV/malaria co-infection was 27.7% with
 Plasmodium falciparum specie accounting for 99.1%. No statistical
 significant difference was observed between HIV/malaria co-infection in
 association to age (p = 0.498) and gender (p = 0.789). A significantly (p
 = 0.026) higher prevalence (35.2%) of co-infection was observed among
 non-ART patients compared to (26%) ART patients. Prevalence of
 co-infection was significantly lower (20.0%) among cotrimoxazole users
 compared to those not on cotrimoxazole (37%). The same significantly lower
 co-infection prevalence (22.5%) was observed among treated bed net users
 compared to those not using treated bed nets (42.9%) (p = 0.001). Out of
 16 hematology profiles evaluated, six showed significant difference
 between the two groups (i) packed cell volume (p = &lt;0.001), (ii)
 mean cell volume (p = 0.005), (iii) mean cell hemoglobin concentration (p
 = 0.011), (iv) absolute lymphocyte count (p = 0.022), (v) neutrophil
 percentage count (p = 0.020) and (vi) platelets distribution width (p =
 &lt;0.001). Current mean CD4 count cell/μl (349±12) was significantly
 higher in HIV infected only compared to co-infected (306±17), (p = 0.035).
 A significantly lower mean CD4 count (234.6 ± 6.9) was observed among
 respondents on ART compared to non-ART (372.5 ± 13.2), p&lt;0.001,
 mean difference = -137.9). Conclusion The study revealed a high burden of
 HIV and malaria co-infection among the studied population. Co-infection
 was significantly lower among patients who use treated bed nets as well as
 cotrimoxazole chemotherapy and ART. Six hematological indices differed
 significantly between the two groups. Malaria and HIV co-infection
 significantly reduces CD4 count. In general, to achieve better management
 of all HIV patients in this setting, diagnosing malaria, prompt
 antiretroviral therapy, monitoring CD4 and some hematology indices on
 regular basis is critical.
description: HIV and malaria
 co-infection and immuno-hematological profiles of patients attending
 IDHIDH
 test.data_Dryad.sav