cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201396.v2
title: Comparison of Q3s ATD Biomechanical Responses to Pediatric Volunteers

description: <b>Objective:</b> The biofidelity of pediatric anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) continues to be evaluated with scaled-down adult data, a methodology that requires inaccurate assumptions about the likeness of biomechanical properties of children and adults. Recently, evaluation of pediatric ATDs by comparison of pediatric volunteer (PV) data has emerged as a valuable and practical alternative to the use of scaled adult data. This study utilized existing PV data to evaluate a 3-year-old side impact ATD, the Q3s. Though ATDs have been compared to volunteer responses in frontal impacts, this study is the first to extend ATD-PV comparison methods to the Q3s ATD and among the first to extend these methods to side impacts.<b>Methods:</b> Previously conducted experiments were replicated in order to make a direct comparison between the Q3s and PVs. PV data were used from 4- to 7-year-olds (shoulder tests, <i>n</i> = 14) and 6- to 8-year-olds (sled tests, <i>n</i> = 7). Force–deflection data were captured during quasistatic shoulder tests through manual displacement of the shoulder joint. Resulting shoulder stiffness was compared between the Q3s and PVs. Low-speed far-side sled tests were conducted with the Q3s at lateral (90°) and oblique (60°) impacts. Primary outcomes of interest included (1) lateral displacement of the torso, (2) torso rollout angle, and (3) kinematic trajectories of the head and neck.<b>Results:</b> The Q3s exhibited shoulder stiffness values at least 32 N/mm greater than the PVs for all conditions (PV muscle tensed and relaxed, deflection calculated for full- and half-thoracic). In lateral sled tests, the Q3s demonstrated increased coronal torso rollout (Q3s: 49.2°; PVs: 35.7° ± 12.4°) and lateral (Δ<i>Y</i>) movement of the top of the head (Q3s: −389 mm; PVs: −320 ± 23 mm) compared to PVs. In oblique trials, the Q3s achieved significantly decreased lateral torso displacement (Q3s: 153.3 mm; PVs: 193.6 ± 25.6 mm) and top of the head forward (Δ<i>X</i>) motion (Q3s: 68 mm; PVs: 133 ± 20 mm) compared to PVs. In all tests, greater downward (Δ<i>Z</i>) excursions of C4 and T1 were observed in the Q3s relative to PVs.<b>Conclusions:</b> Increased Q3s shoulder stiffness could affect head–neck kinematics as well as thorax responses because unrealistic force can be transmitted to the spine from the shoulder. Q3s and PV trajectories were of similar shape, although Q3s head kinematics displayed rigid body motion followed by independent lateral bending of the head, suggesting cervical and thoracic spine rigidity compared to PVs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201508.v10
title: LTSTM data

description: This is the collection of low temperature STM data collected for my PhD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201395.v2
title: Comparison and Validation of Injury Risk Classifiers for Advanced Automated Crash Notification Systems

description: <b>Objective:</b> The odds of death for a seriously injured crash victim are drastically reduced if he or she received care at a trauma center. Advanced automated crash notification (AACN) algorithms are postcrash safety systems that use data measured by the vehicles during the crash to predict the likelihood of occupants being seriously injured. The accuracy of these models are crucial to the success of an AACN. The objective of this study was to compare the predictive performance of competing injury risk models and algorithms: logistic regression, random forest, AdaBoost, naïve Bayes, support vector machine, and classification <i>k</i>-nearest neighbors.<b>Methods:</b> This study compared machine learning algorithms to the widely adopted logistic regression modeling approach. Machine learning algorithms have not been commonly studied in the motor vehicle injury literature. Machine learning algorithms may have higher predictive power than logistic regression, despite the drawback of lacking the ability to perform statistical inference. To evaluate the performance of these algorithms, data on 16,398 vehicles involved in non-rollover collisions were extracted from the NASS-CDS. Vehicles with any occupants having an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 15 or greater were defined as those requiring victims to be treated at a trauma center. The performance of each model was evaluated using cross-validation. Cross-validation assesses how a model will perform in the future given new data not used for model training. The crash Δ<i>V</i> (change in velocity during the crash), damage side (struck side of the vehicle), seat belt use, vehicle body type, number of events, occupant age, and occupant sex were used as predictors in each model.<b>Results and Conclusions:</b> Logistic regression slightly outperformed the machine learning algorithms based on sensitivity and specificity of the models. Previous studies on AACN risk curves used the same data to train and test the power of the models and as a result had higher sensitivity compared to the cross-validated results from this study. Future studies should account for future data; for example, by using cross-validation or risk presenting optimistic predictions of field performance. Past algorithms have been criticized for relying on age and sex, being difficult to measure by vehicle sensors, and inaccuracies in classifying damage side. The models with accurate damage side and including age/sex did outperform models with less accurate damage side and without age/sex, but the differences were small, suggesting that the success of AACN is not reliant on these predictors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201396.v1
title: Comparison of Q3s ATD Biomechanical Responses to Pediatric Volunteers

description: <b>Objective:</b> The biofidelity of pediatric anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) continues to be evaluated with scaled-down adult data, a methodology that requires inaccurate assumptions about the likeness of biomechanical properties of children and adults. Recently, evaluation of pediatric ATDs by comparison of pediatric volunteer (PV) data has emerged as a valuable and practical alternative to the use of scaled adult data. This study utilized existing PV data to evaluate a 3-year-old side impact ATD, the Q3s. Though ATDs have been compared to volunteer responses in frontal impacts, this study is the first to extend ATD-PV comparison methods to the Q3s ATD and among the first to extend these methods to side impacts.<b>Methods:</b> Previously conducted experiments were replicated in order to make a direct comparison between the Q3s and PVs. PV data were used from 4- to 7-year-olds (shoulder tests, <i>n</i> = 14) and 6- to 8-year-olds (sled tests, <i>n</i> = 7). Force–deflection data were captured during quasistatic shoulder tests through manual displacement of the shoulder joint. Resulting shoulder stiffness was compared between the Q3s and PVs. Low-speed far-side sled tests were conducted with the Q3s at lateral (90°) and oblique (60°) impacts. Primary outcomes of interest included (1) lateral displacement of the torso, (2) torso rollout angle, and (3) kinematic trajectories of the head and neck.<b>Results:</b> The Q3s exhibited shoulder stiffness values at least 32 N/mm greater than the PVs for all conditions (PV muscle tensed and relaxed, deflection calculated for full- and half-thoracic). In lateral sled tests, the Q3s demonstrated increased coronal torso rollout (Q3s: 49.2°; PVs: 35.7° ± 12.4°) and lateral (Δ<i>Y</i>) movement of the top of the head (Q3s: −389 mm; PVs: −320 ± 23 mm) compared to PVs. In oblique trials, the Q3s achieved significantly decreased lateral torso displacement (Q3s: 153.3 mm; PVs: 193.6 ± 25.6 mm) and top of the head forward (Δ<i>X</i>) motion (Q3s: 68 mm; PVs: 133 ± 20 mm) compared to PVs. In all tests, greater downward (Δ<i>Z</i>) excursions of C4 and T1 were observed in the Q3s relative to PVs.<b>Conclusions:</b> Increased Q3s shoulder stiffness could affect head–neck kinematics as well as thorax responses because unrealistic force can be transmitted to the spine from the shoulder. Q3s and PV trajectories were of similar shape, although Q3s head kinematics displayed rigid body motion followed by independent lateral bending of the head, suggesting cervical and thoracic spine rigidity compared to PVs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201508.v11
title: LTSTM data

description: This is the collection of low temperature STM data collected for my PhD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201395.v1
title: Comparison and Validation of Injury Risk Classifiers for Advanced Automated Crash Notification Systems

description: <b>Objective:</b> The odds of death for a seriously injured crash victim are drastically reduced if he or she received care at a trauma center. Advanced automated crash notification (AACN) algorithms are postcrash safety systems that use data measured by the vehicles during the crash to predict the likelihood of occupants being seriously injured. The accuracy of these models are crucial to the success of an AACN. The objective of this study was to compare the predictive performance of competing injury risk models and algorithms: logistic regression, random forest, AdaBoost, naïve Bayes, support vector machine, and classification <i>k</i>-nearest neighbors.<b>Methods:</b> This study compared machine learning algorithms to the widely adopted logistic regression modeling approach. Machine learning algorithms have not been commonly studied in the motor vehicle injury literature. Machine learning algorithms may have higher predictive power than logistic regression, despite the drawback of lacking the ability to perform statistical inference. To evaluate the performance of these algorithms, data on 16,398 vehicles involved in non-rollover collisions were extracted from the NASS-CDS. Vehicles with any occupants having an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 15 or greater were defined as those requiring victims to be treated at a trauma center. The performance of each model was evaluated using cross-validation. Cross-validation assesses how a model will perform in the future given new data not used for model training. The crash Δ<i>V</i> (change in velocity during the crash), damage side (struck side of the vehicle), seat belt use, vehicle body type, number of events, occupant age, and occupant sex were used as predictors in each model.<b>Results and Conclusions:</b> Logistic regression slightly outperformed the machine learning algorithms based on sensitivity and specificity of the models. Previous studies on AACN risk curves used the same data to train and test the power of the models and as a result had higher sensitivity compared to the cross-validated results from this study. Future studies should account for future data; for example, by using cross-validation or risk presenting optimistic predictions of field performance. Past algorithms have been criticized for relying on age and sex, being difficult to measure by vehicle sensors, and inaccuracies in classifying damage side. The models with accurate damage side and including age/sex did outperform models with less accurate damage side and without age/sex, but the differences were small, suggesting that the success of AACN is not reliant on these predictors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201289
title: INFLUENCE OF STRENGTH TRAINING ON SELECTED SPEED AND STRENGTH PARAMETERS AMONG BASKET BALL PLAYERS

description: The study was designed to investigate the impact of strength training on selected strength and speed parameters among basketball players. To achieve the purpose 30 subject, age ranged between 18 and 25 years was selected from Bharathidasan University and Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India. The subjects (n=30) were randomly assigned to two equal groups of fifteen each. The groups were assigned as experiment group (EG) and control group (CG).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201287
title: ANALYSIS OF SKILL RELATED FITNESS AND WILL TO WIN OF NATIONAL KHO-KHO AND ATYA-PATYA PLAYERS

description: Sport is one of the most enduring of all human activities. Millions of people participate in sporting activities. Sports and games in the modern era occupy a very prominent and import place in every sphere of life. Sports consist of physical activity<br>carried out with a purpose for competition, self-enjoyment, to attain excellence and in the development of a skill. Spots psychology as an applied psychology is the greatest blessing of the modern-day science, in this stage within a span of time sports psychology has taken giant stride. Sport psychology explores the on and off field behavior of the athletes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201289.v1
title: INFLUENCE OF STRENGTH TRAINING ON SELECTED SPEED AND STRENGTH PARAMETERS AMONG BASKET BALL PLAYERS

description: The study was designed to investigate the impact of strength training on selected strength and speed parameters among basketball players. To achieve the purpose 30 subject, age ranged between 18 and 25 years was selected from Bharathidasan University and Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India. The subjects (n=30) were randomly assigned to two equal groups of fifteen each. The groups were assigned as experiment group (EG) and control group (CG).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201170
title: Jacana COI alignment and network

description: Includes the COI alignment and the median-joining network for the Jacana hybridization study
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1201287.v1
title: ANALYSIS OF SKILL RELATED FITNESS AND WILL TO WIN OF NATIONAL KHO-KHO AND ATYA-PATYA PLAYERS

description: Sport is one of the most enduring of all human activities. Millions of people participate in sporting activities. Sports and games in the modern era occupy a very prominent and import place in every sphere of life. Sports consist of physical activity<br>carried out with a purpose for competition, self-enjoyment, to attain excellence and in the development of a skill. Spots psychology as an applied psychology is the greatest blessing of the modern-day science, in this stage within a span of time sports psychology has taken giant stride. Sport psychology explores the on and off field behavior of the athletes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200796
title: CURRENT RATIO ANALYSIS OF HEAVY ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES IN INDIA (A Comparative Study between BHEL and Crompton Greaves)

description: Current ratio is the ratio of current assets of a company to its current liabilities and is used to assess the firm's ability to meet its short-term liabilities on time. The present study is an attempt to analyze the current ratio of Bharat Heavy Electricals<br>Limited (BHEL). For providing a suitable insight into the study a comparison is made between current ratio of BHELand Crompton Greaves (C.G). Further t-test is applied in order to find out whether there is a significant difference between quick ratio of BHEL<br>and C.G or not.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200623
title: THE CATARACTOGENIC EFFECT OF NICOTINE AND THE POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF CURCUMIN

description: The aim of the present investigation was to study the ophthalmological, histological and biochemical changes after intraperitoneal injection of nicotine for eight weeks. The possible protective role of curcumin was also evaluated. The study was<br>conducted on male albino rats (Wister strain). Three groups were included, the first group served as control, second group was injected with nicotine 2.5mg/Kg body weight (in physiological saline) for 8 weeks and the third group was administrated nicotine as in group 2 as well as curcumin 80 mg/kg body wt. Nicotine resulted in cataractous changes<br>in the form of thickened capsule, flattening epithelial cells as well as vacuolar changes and fissuring of the fibers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200796.v1
title: CURRENT RATIO ANALYSIS OF HEAVY ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES IN INDIA (A Comparative Study between BHEL and Crompton Greaves)

description: Current ratio is the ratio of current assets of a company to its current liabilities and is used to assess the firm's ability to meet its short-term liabilities on time. The present study is an attempt to analyze the current ratio of Bharat Heavy Electricals<br>Limited (BHEL). For providing a suitable insight into the study a comparison is made between current ratio of BHELand Crompton Greaves (C.G). Further t-test is applied in order to find out whether there is a significant difference between quick ratio of BHEL<br>and C.G or not.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200623.v1
title: THE CATARACTOGENIC EFFECT OF NICOTINE AND THE POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE ROLE OF CURCUMIN

description: The aim of the present investigation was to study the ophthalmological, histological and biochemical changes after intraperitoneal injection of nicotine for eight weeks. The possible protective role of curcumin was also evaluated. The study was<br>conducted on male albino rats (Wister strain). Three groups were included, the first group served as control, second group was injected with nicotine 2.5mg/Kg body weight (in physiological saline) for 8 weeks and the third group was administrated nicotine as in group 2 as well as curcumin 80 mg/kg body wt. Nicotine resulted in cataractous changes<br>in the form of thickened capsule, flattening epithelial cells as well as vacuolar changes and fissuring of the fibers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200613
title: Inadequate thermal refugia constrains landscape habitability for a grassland bird species

description: Readings collected at 126 locations on 6 ranches in the Rolling Plains of Texas from 2012–2014. Each row indicates a different sensor.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200613.v1
title: Inadequate thermal refugia constrains landscape habitability for a grassland bird species

description: Readings collected at 126 locations on 6 ranches in the Rolling Plains of Texas from 2012–2014. Each row indicates a different sensor.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200173
title: Lab 2 Plant Observation.

description: Transects measuring tape was used to record the diameter of 10 randomly selected trees of the same species in the wood at York university. The weather was clear and the sun was shiny and a perfect day to go out and study the environment. The study started approximately at 3:00 pm on Monday. The woods were covered with different types of trees so only one species was picked (probably the most common one) and 10 random trees of that species were. Diameter of the trees were measured and recorded. The species of the tree studied is either Elm or willow. Once the diameter of the randomly selected adult tree was measured, I looked for a sapling of the same species nearby, the distance between the adult tree and the sapling was measured (which should be near the adult tree) and the observations were recorded. After measuring the distance between the sapling and the adult tree , the diameter of the sapling was taken using the measuring tape (usually it is tiny compared to that of the adult tree). All observations were recorded. For the coverage of the adult tree, I used a camera to take a still image of the tree (is was the equivalent of making a square with the fingers. Then I looked at the picture and estimated how much sky I saw. Its was decided that too much of the sky means the leaves coverage. After writing down all the observations percentages were estimated. Branches of the trees were shook whenever I faced a problem locating its leaves since most of the trees are entangled to each other. It was made sure that all description of study site and recordable environment condions and the time of the day were written down.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200173.v1
title: Lab 2 Plant Observation.

description: Transects measuring tape was used to record the diameter of 10 randomly selected trees of the same species in the wood at York university. The weather was clear and the sun was shiny and a perfect day to go out and study the environment. The study started approximately at 3:00 pm on Monday. The woods were covered with different types of trees so only one species was picked (probably the most common one) and 10 random trees of that species were. Diameter of the trees were measured and recorded. The species of the tree studied is either Elm or willow. Once the diameter of the randomly selected adult tree was measured, I looked for a sapling of the same species nearby, the distance between the adult tree and the sapling was measured (which should be near the adult tree) and the observations were recorded. After measuring the distance between the sapling and the adult tree , the diameter of the sapling was taken using the measuring tape (usually it is tiny compared to that of the adult tree). All observations were recorded. For the coverage of the adult tree, I used a camera to take a still image of the tree (is was the equivalent of making a square with the fingers. Then I looked at the picture and estimated how much sky I saw. Its was decided that too much of the sky means the leaves coverage. After writing down all the observations percentages were estimated. Branches of the trees were shook whenever I faced a problem locating its leaves since most of the trees are entangled to each other. It was made sure that all description of study site and recordable environment condions and the time of the day were written down.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200162
title: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry

description: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200163
title: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry

description: File set: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200164
title: Population Sampling Data in Vari Hall and Central Square @ York University

description: Student population in Vari Hall and Central Square was sampled. From each location, 10 students with backpacks were spotted and observed for their gender, hair colour and backpack colour. In order to reduce the chance of missing samples, I sampled the data in the evening, where there is much less traffic. This dataset is for an assignment, York University BIOL 2050 Ecology Lab Week 1, under the supervision of Mr. Alex Filazzola and teachings of Professor Chris Lortie.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200162.v1
title: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry

description: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200161
title: Lab 3: Techniques lab animals- pan traps

description: Group members: Winnie Zhao, Yu Xiao, Kristine Georgilopoulos- Gulli This experiment was conducted on October 3rd, 2014 at 2:30 pm at York University- Keele campus . The weather on that day was rainy and windy. Ten multicoloured solo bowls (5 white, 4 white, 1 yellow) were placed in alternate colours in two different rows that were 10 cm apart from each other in the woodlot region. Another ten multicoloured solo bowls (4 white, 3 yellow, 3 blue) were also placed in alternate colours in two different rows that were 10 cm away from each other in the grassland region. All of the solo bowls were half filled with soapy water and were left in their position for 90 minutes. After 90 minutes, the bowls were observed and data was collected. The data collected included recording how many insects were found in each of the bowls, identifying each insect that was found in each of the bowls and also making note of the colour of each of the bowls that had insects trapped in it. This experiment was conducted to see if there was a relationship between the amount of insects collected and the colour of the bowls. The purpose of this experiment was also to test if the region (grassland or woodlot) would have an impact on the amount of insects found in the solo bowls. Please note that the data obtained in this experiment may not be representative due to the weather conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1200163.v1
title: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry

description: File set: Ecology Lab 3 WK4 Data - Stephen Henry