cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305678.v1
title: Region and industry in Brazil: is “concentrated deconcentration” still evident?

description: Abstract This article provides an analysis of the rearrangements of the industrial sector across the territory in the 1996-2015 period. Recent data have confirmed that regional concentration of industrial activities faced decline. Meanwhile, the following concerns should be considered: a) there is an undeniable loss in importance of the industrial sector in the Brazilian economy; b) industrial restructuring has been centered on natural resource and labor-intensive industrial activities, where productivity levels are very low; and c) industrial activities are, despite the recent deconcentration, spatially concentrated in relevant industrial agglomerations located in the South and Southeast.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305675.v1
title: Varieties of state interventionism in financial policy in the aftermath of the 2008 global crisis

description: Abstract Thanks to lessons learned and reforms implemented after the financial crises of the late 1990s, most emerging market economies proved relatively resilient to the 2008 global crisis. Yet to cope with the turbulence that ensued, several interventions by monetary authorities in foreign exchange and capital markets were carried out. The literature on Latin American financial systems and central bank reform tends to emphasize international actors and pressures as key determinants of policy change. In contrast, this paper raises the hypothesis that domestic concerns were the main drivers of financial policymaking after the 2008 crisis even in countries with different institutional arrangements and macroeconomic trajectories such as Brazil, Mexico and Argentina. Through a comparative case study analysis, it is concluded that indeed the three countries’ approaches to exchange markets and capital controls contradicted international perceptions and even the IMF’s stance on foreign exchange policies and the management of capital flows. By pursuing more autonomy and responding to domestic priorities, each of the three countries adopted different policy measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305674.v1
title: Is Brazil desindustrializing? A study of the classical approach and alternative analyses between 1998 and 2014

description: Abstract There is great controversy in the Brazilian economic literature regarding the hypothesis of Brazilian deindustrialization. The different diagnoses are due to the different definitions of the process and the analysis criteria. The present study will address the theme both from the classical definition used in the seminal work of Rowthorn and Wells (1987) and according to three alternative concepts: i) premature deindustrialization; ii) the "Cambridge vision" and iii) structural change within the manufacturing industry. The results show that Brazilian deindustrialization is more intense when analyzed considering the alternative approaches, since this process occurs at a lower level of aggregate productivity than the deindustrialization in advanced countries, the productive structure of the manufacturing sector is increasing its participation in low productivity sectors and has presented a deficit trade balance since 2008.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305671.v1
title: Caixa, BB and the BNDES - An analysis of balance sheet evolution

description: Abstract The purpose of this article is to evaluate the strategies of Caixa Econômica Federal, Banco do Brasil and the BNDES, by analyzing the development of their equity positions, between 2000 and 2015. The article uses data collected by the Brazilian Central Bank- in particular the series of Balancetes, which are more detailed than those usually discussed in studies on the subject - as well as in their respective management reports. It is believed that the analysis of the equity positions of these three institutions, in greater detail, contributes to clarifying their different performance patterns. The article is organized into four sections, in addition to the introduction and conclusion. In the first section, we discuss the dynamics of credit operations of federal State-owned banks, identifying distinct phases and highlighting their countercyclical role in the heyday of the international financial crisis. In the following sections, the active and passive positions of the three institutions are analyzed individually. Focus is given to the strategies for asset allocation and performance in the various credit market niches, as well as the sources of funding, mainly public, used to support the expansion observed in their credit operations. The study identifies the centrality of the diversification strategies of the three institutions in the credit market. They have remained secure in their respective niches, accompanied by diversification in the origins of their funding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305669.v1
title: The marginalist interpretation of conspicuous consumption: inconsistencies and limitations of the neoclassical synthesis of the theory of the leisure class

description: Abstract The theory of conspicuous consumption is an element of the Veblenian theoretical construction originally elaborated in his first book The Theory of the Leisure Class. The term is understood as the level of consumption (especially) of the leisure class used as a status symbol, a demonstration of individual prestige and social distinction. Thus, it presents an important cultural component, in which preferences are formed endogenously, emulated by the other classes, and thus become a socialized behavior. By the middle of the twentieth century, this general idea that richer classes seek to demonstrate wealth through consumption of luxury goods has been absorbed by conventional microeconomics. The purpose of this article is to examine the general characteristics of the Veblenian concept and to demonstrate the inconsistencies and limitations of its “neoclassization”. It is concluded that this neoclassical interpretation resulted in certain abstractions that justified the institutionalist author’s original proposal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305666.v1
title: Density, distance, division and global production networks: the case of Brazil’s oil and gas sector

description: Abstract In addition to fostering increased trade between countries, globalization has significantly changed economic processes by enabling companies to divide production and marketing chains into various segments, which have spread throughout the world. Therefore, organizationally fragmented and spatially dispersed global production networks (GPNs) have become a new structure that is increasingly driving the world economy. Based on the concepts of density, distance and division, which are deemed by the World Bank’s World Development Report 2009 as determining factors of forging regional development, this article aims to analyze the way in which Brazil’s oil and gas sector has connected to GPNs, the conditions that benefit as well as hinder these connections and the implications of this for regional development.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305665.v1
title: Export capacity: evidence for Brazilian companies

description: Abstract The aim of this essay is to verify if the innovation of Brazilian businesses has a positive impact on the probability of exporting and the intensity of exportation. The sample is made up of information from the crossover of PIA and PINTEC (Research of Technological Innovation), both from IBGE (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics), with the SECEX/MDIC records of foreign trade, for the years 2003, 2005 and 2008. The Probit, Bivariate Probit and Ordered Probit models were estimated. The results reveal that innovation has a positive influence on the propensity to export, especially when the lagging innovation variables are inserted into the model. However, the coefficients associated with the impact of innovation on the intensity of exportation were negative and statistically significant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305663.v1
title: Growth of black pepper plantlets under different substrates and irrigation levels

description: ABSTRACT Optimization of the use of water and the possibility of using residues as substrate in the black pepper production chain can yield economic and environmental benefits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the biometric and physiological traits of black pepper plantlets (Piper nigrum L.), cv. Bragantina, at different irrigation levels and soilless substrates. Plantlets were grown for 120 days on three substrates [biosolid + crushed coconut fiber (3:1, by volume); biosolid + granitic rock powder (3:1, by volume); and biosolid + crushed coconut fiber + granitic rock powder (2:1:1, by volume)] and at five irrigation levels [36 % (very low); 55 % (low); 85 % (moderate); 100 % (well-irrigated); and 126 % of the reference irrigation level (over-irrigated)]. The biometric traits evaluated increased as the irrigation levels increased, with the exception of root dry mass, which was not influenced by this factor, nor water use efficiency, which decreased as the irrigation levels increased. In general, plants grown with a mixture of the three wastes (biosolid + crushed coconut fiber + granitic rock powder) exhibited higher values for biometric variables and chlorophyll content when they were moderately, well or over-irrigated, in comparison with the other two substrates. It was possible to achieve the plantlet commercial standard using this three waste mixture and the moderate irrigation level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305661.v1
title: Production and characterization of a new mango distilled beverage

description: ABSTRACT The large scale of mango production allows for the application of immediate technologies to minimize post-harvest losses and add even more value to the fruit chain. As a consequence of feasible applications, the production of alcoholic beverages through fermentation and distillation has been elaborated, resulting in a supply of products with different characteristics. This study aimed to monitor the development of a distilled mango beverage and its profile for consumption. The mangoes were selected, pulped and subjected to physicochemical characterization and, subsequently, to fermentation and distillation processes where the kinetics were monitored, and the beverage obtained was compared to similar products found in the literature. During column distillation, the relationship between the temperature profile and the alcohol content was observed, allowing for careful selection of each fraction of the distillate and the establishment of a standard for future distillations. As regards the fraction of interest, good results were obtained in terms of composition with compounds such as methanol and acetaldehyde in minimal quantities, indicating a product that can be consumed without health risks. The small amount of studies following the same line of research confirms the potential mango pulp named Tommy Atkins for the formulation of alcoholic products.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305659.v1
title: The hatching of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) in response to different inorganic ions

description: ABSTRACT Cereal cyst nematode is a major pest of small grain cereals, which causes huge yield losses to crops in China and other parts of the world. In this study, the effects of five inorganic ion concentrations on egg hatching of Heterodera avenae were studied. Results revealed that ZnCl2 and FeCl3 promoted hatching of induced and natural diapausing eggs. The cumulative hatching rates of eggs were 49 % and 13 % at 30 mM ZnCl2 and 10 mM FeCl3, respectively, which were higher than those of other treatments. The hatching ability promoted by ZnCl2 is greater than by FeCl3. Diapause induced eggs in ZnCl2 continued to hatch after 10 days; however, those in FeCl3 mainly hatched in the first two weeks. ZnCl2 had obvious stimulating effects on the hatching of natural diapause and non–diapause free eggs at 15 and 30 mM concentrations. FeCl3 promoted the hatching of natural diapause eggs; howevr, it inhibited hatching of non–diapause free eggs. Conversely, different concentrations of inorganic ions did not have any stimulatory effect on white female eggs. In the nematode life cycle, hatching is the critical stage because juveniles may be infected. The results of this study provide useful information the use of new fertilizers (including promoted hatching inorganic ions) applied before planting for controlling nematode diseases caused by H. avenae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305658.v1
title: Methodology to filter out outliers in high spatial density data to improve maps reliability

description: ABSTRACT The considerable volume of data generated by sensors in the field presents systematic errors; thus, it is extremely important to exclude these errors to ensure mapping quality. The objective of this research was to develop and test a methodology to identify and exclude outliers in high-density spatial data sets, determine whether the developed filter process could help decrease the nugget effect and improve the spatial variability characterization of high sampling data. We created a filter composed of a global, anisotropic, and an anisotropic local analysis of data, which considered the respective neighborhood values. For that purpose, we used the median to classify a given spatial point into the data set as the main statistical parameter and took into account its neighbors within a radius. The filter was tested using raw data sets of corn yield, soil electrical conductivity (ECa), and the sensor vegetation index (SVI) in sugarcane. The results showed an improvement in accuracy of spatial variability within the data sets. The methodology reduced RMSE by 85 %, 97 %, and 79 % in corn yield, soil ECa, and SVI respectively, compared to interpolation errors of raw data sets. The filter excluded the local outliers, which considerably reduced the nugget effects, reducing estimation error of the interpolated data. The methodology proposed in this work had a better performance in removing outlier data when compared to two other methodologies from the literature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305657.v1
title: Genetic diversity and heterotic grouping of sorghum lines using SNP markers

description: ABSTRACT: Sorghum breeding programs are based predominantly on developing homozygous lines to produce single cross hybrids, frequently with relatively narrow genetic bases. The adoption of complementary strategies, such as genetic diversity study, enables a broader vision of the genetic structure of the breeding germplasm. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of sorghum breeding lines using structure analysis, principal components (PC) and clustering analyses. A total of 160 sorghum lines were genotyped with 29,649 SNP markers generated by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). The PC and clustering analyses consistently divided the R (restorer) and B (maintainer) lines based on their pedigree, generating four groups. Thirty-two B and 21 R lines were used to generate 121 single-cross hybrids, whose performances were compared based on the diversity clustering of each parental line. The genetic divergence of B and R lines indicated a potential for increasing heterotic response in the development of hybrids. The genetic distance was correlated to heterosis, allowing for the use of markers to create heterotic groups in sorghum.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305654.v1
title: New alternatives for improving and assessing the color of dark–cutting beef – a review

description: ABSTRACT Myoglobin (Mb) is a sarcoplasmic heme protein present in muscle cells, which acts as a short–term oxygen (O2) reserve in the muscle tissue. After slaughtering and exsanguination, Mb is the major pigment that provides the red color in meat. The concentration of Mb together with its redox state are two pivotal factors that determine meat color. The elevated pH of dark–cutting beef can affect both physical and biochemical properties resulting in decreased oxygenation. The darkening observed in high ultimate pH (pHu) beef concerns meat processors as color is the initial attribute that impacts on the purchase. Thus, any atypical meat color (i.e., loss of brightness) reduces consumer interest in the product. Several studies have demonstrated that immunological castration is effective in preventing both aggressive behavior and undesirable dark–cutting of bull meat. However, little information is available on the effects of processing techniques that limit the oxidation of ferrous iron (Fe2+), Mb or promote metmyoglobin (MMb) reduction in dark–cutting beef. Because of the importance of color to fresh beef marketability, this review aimed at overviewing the significance of pHu in beef color and color stability and to discuss new alternatives for improving and assessing the beef color of dark–cutting beef, especially in Nellore bulls and their crossbreds, which are widely used in beef cattle production in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305650.v1
title: Determining the geographical origin of lettuce with data mining applied to micronutrients and soil properties

description: ABSTRACT Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is the main leafy vegetable produced in Brazil. Since its production is widespread all over the country, lettuce traceability and quality assurance is hampered. In this study, we propose a new method to identify the geographical origin of Brazilian lettuce. The method uses a powerful data mining technique called support vector machines (SVM) applied to elemental composition and soil properties of samples analyzed. We investigated lettuce produced in São Paulo and Pernambuco, two states in the southeastern and northeastern regions in Brazil, respectively. We investigated efficiency of the SVM model by comparing its results with those achieved by traditional linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The SVM models outperformed the LDA models in the two scenarios investigated, achieving an average of 98 % prediction accuracy to discriminate lettuce from both states. A feature evaluation formula, called F–score, was used to measure the discriminative power of the variables analyzed. The soil exchangeable cation capacity, soil contents of low crystalized Al and Zn content in lettuce samples were the most relevant components for differentiation. Our results reinforce the potential of data mining and machine learning techniques to support traceability strategies and authentication of leafy vegetables.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305648.v1
title: Impact of crop management systems on soil nematode communities in South Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The analysis of nematode communities allows inferring consequences of management practices on the soil food web. We studied the taxonomic structure of nematode communities in preserved areas of the Atlantic forest (native forest = NF) in Ponta Grossa, Paraná State, Brazil, and in three different agroecosystems in neighboring areas to assess the effect of agricultural land use on nematode assemblages. Agroecosystems were located in a red latosol cropped during 30 years under conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage (NT), and minimal tillage (MT). We collected ten composite soil samples in each area in the summer. Nematodes were extracted by Baermann funnel and fixed with formalin. Subsequently, individuals were classified into taxonomic groups and counted on a Peters slide to determine densities of each taxon. Plant-parasitic and free-living nematodes were classified at the genus level. Data were analyzed with the parameters abundance, Bray & Curtis, Shannon-Weaver, and Simpson indexes. We recorded 35 genera and abundance of nematodes in MT and NT areas was more similar. Higher richness was observed in NF in relation to cropped areas, especially under NT and CT. The PCA and clustering analyses from both nematode communities and soil chemical characteristics showed that MT and CT were more similar and NT was clustered near NF. The replacement of native vegetation by cropping systems caused a reduction of nematode diversity, demonstrating the influence of agricultural practices on nematode communities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305646.v1
title: Macro scale analysis of Syrah vineyards under winter growing cycles: Agronomical and ecophysiological responses

description: ABSTRACT: In Southeast Brazil, the change of grape harvest from wet summer to dry winter through double-pruning management has improved the quality of wines, currently denominated winter wines. In order to better understand the influences of soil, macroclimate, and vineyard management in winter wines, we investigated seven vineyards in the states of Minas Gerais (Três Corações – TC, Três Pontas – TP, Cordislândia – COR, São Sebastião do Paraíso – SSP and Andradas – AND) and São Paulo (Itobi – ITO and Espirito Santo do Pinhal – PIN) during three consecutive growing seasons. The vineyards are located in warm temperate zones and grouped in four soil types: Acrudox in TC, AND and SSP, Hapludox in TP; Hapludult in AND and PIN; Eutrudept in ITO. The high clay content (&gt; 35 %) observed in all soil types, associated to low evapotranspiration demand, avoided the occurrence of severe water stress, as observed by the high values of leaf and stem water potential, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and transpiration. Differences in vigor were more related to vineyard management and did not affect grape composition. Among vineyards, parameters for berry quality from ITO, such as sugar and acidity, were more associated to high soil sand content and winter temperature. No significant differences were found in anthocyanins and total phenols of berries among vineyards, suggesting that the high thermal range and low precipitation during autumn-winter, historically observed in all municipalities, seemed to be the main factor for improvement of phenolic compounds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305643.v1
title: Bovine landscape genetics in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to explore spatial genetic structure patterns in cattle breeds adapted to local conditions in Brazil. We georeferenced 876 animals of ten breeds raised in Brazil kept in the Genebank of Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) by sample locations using the QGIS 2.4.0 software. The Mantel tests, spatial autocorrelation, and Monmonier tests were performed. The distances for spatial correlation tests ranged from 5 to 15 classes. The results indicated genetic discontinuities in cattle breeds from the Midwest, South, and Southeast of the country. Correlation between genetic and geographic distance was low, but significant. The Monmonier Maximum Distance Algorithm indicated an initial subdivision of Curraleiro and then Pantaneiro from the other breeds. In another subdivision, Criollo, Mocho Nacional, and Caracu were grouped. Genetic discontinuity was observed beyond 431 km, the minimum sampling distance between populations for conservation purposes.