cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s5c90
title: Data from: Trepostomate bryozoans from the upper Katian (Upper Ordovician) of Morocco: gigantism in high latitude Gondwana platforms

description: A study of the Upper Ordovician trepostomate bryozoans belonging to the
 families Amplexoporidae and Monticuliporidae, from the eastern Anti-Atlas
 of Morocco, is presented here. They occur in the marly to fine-grained
 limestone, intermediate unit of the Khabt-el-Hajar Formation, late Katian
 in age, representing outer-ramp depositional environments. They inhabited
 the highest paleolatitude known for a bryozoan fauna during the
 Ordovician, estimated at more than 65–70ºS. A total of 11 species of the
 genera Anaphragma, Atactoporella, Homotrypa, Monotrypa, Monticulipora, and
 Prasopora are described. Three species are already known from the
 equatorial-tropical paleocontinents of Baltica, Laurentia, and Siberia:
 Anaphragma mirabile, Monotrypa jewensis, and Prasopora falesi. Four new
 taxa are described:Anaphragma undulata, Atactoporella moroccoensis,
 Monticulipora globulata, and Monticulipora irregularis. The two species of
 Anaphragma and the one of Atactoporella display significantly larger
 zoarial sizes than congeneric species, representing gigantism among
 bryozoans. Polar gigantism is rejected for the two species of Anaphragma
 as is gigantism related to photosynthetic endosymbionts. An alternative
 proposal for their giant size is their long zoarial life span due to their
 well-balanced, robust branching form, with a relatively wide basal
 supporting surface, adapted to unconsolidated substrates in environments
 below wave base. Their great stability in outer-ramp environments, with
 infrequent storms, would allow the zoaria to grow for an extended time and
 reach large sizes before being overturned and buried. Atactoporella
 moroccoensis, has both zoaria and zooecia gigantic, suggesting a
 hypothesis of polar gigantism.
description: Supplemental
 fileMorphometric analysis of
 selected species
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fn6h0
title: Data from: Cost-effective large-scale occupancy–abundance monitoring of invasive brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) on New Zealand’s Public Conservation Land

description: There is interest in large-scale and unbiased monitoring of biodiversity
 status and trend, but there are few published examples of such monitoring
 being implemented. The New Zealand Department of Conservation is
 implementing a monitoring program that involves sampling selected biota at
 the vertices of an 8-km grid superimposed over the 8.6 million hectares of
 public conservation land that it manages. The introduced brushtail possum
 (Trichosurus Vulpecula) is a major threat to some biota and is one taxon
 that they wish to monitor and report on. A pilot study revealed that the
 traditional method of monitoring possums using leg-hold traps set for two
 nights, termed the Trap Catch Index, was a constraint on the cost and
 logistical feasibility of the monitoring program. A phased implementation
 of the monitoring program was therefore conducted to collect data for
 evaluating the trade-off between possum occupancy–abundance estimates and
 the costs of sampling for one night rather than two nights. Reducing
 trapping effort from two nights to one night along four trap-lines reduced
 the estimated costs of monitoring by 5.8% due to savings in labour, food
 and allowances; it had a negligible effect on estimated national possum
 occupancy but resulted in slightly higher and less precise estimates of
 relative possum abundance. Monitoring possums for one night rather than
 two nights would provide an annual saving of NZ$72,400, with 271 fewer
 field days required for sampling. Possums occupied 60% (95% credible
 interval; 53–68) of sampling locations on New Zealand’s public
 conservation land, with a mean relative abundance (Trap Catch Index) of
 2.7% (2.0–3.5). Possum occupancy and abundance were higher in forest than
 in non-forest habitats. Our case study illustrates the need to evaluate
 relationships between sampling design, cost, and occupancy–abundance
 estimates when designing and implementing large-scale occupancy–abundance
 monitoring programs.
description: Brushtail possum
 occupancy-abundance data collected at 164 sampling locations in New
 ZealandBrushtail possum
 occupancy and relative abundance was assessed at a total of 164 sampling
 locations in the North, South and Stewart islands of New Zealand during
 2011–12 and 2012–13: 85 sampling locations in forest habitat and 79
 sampling locations in non-forest habitat. Only 16% of sampling locations
 did not have all four trap-lines and four pellet lines surveyed, mostly
 due to the presence of dangerous terrain.possum_data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.66v3d46
title: Data from: Plumage colouration and social context influence male investment in song

description: Animals use multiple signals to attract mates, including elaborate song,
 brightly coloured ornaments and physical displays. Female birds often
 prefer both elaborate male song, and intense carotenoid-based plumage
 colouration. This could lead less visually ornamented males to increase
 song production to maximize their attractiveness to females. We tested
 this possibility in the highly social and non-territorial house finch
 (Haemorhous mexicanus), in which females discriminate among males based on
 both song, and on the intensity of red carotenoid-based plumage
 colouration. We manipulated male plumage colouration through carotenoid
 supplementation during moult, so that males were either red or yellow.
 Males were then housed under three social environments: 1) all red birds,
 2) all yellow birds, or 3) a mixture of red/yellow birds. We recorded song
 after presentation of a female. Red males produced more song than yellow
 males. But when yellow males were housed with red conspecifics, they
 produced more song relative to yellow males housed with equally
 unattractive yellow males. This study provides novel evidence that a
 male’s plumage colouration, and the plumage colour of his social
 competitors influences investment in song.
description: Male song and female
 behaviour dataData.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kg008
title: Data from: Social information use and social learning in non-grouping fishes

description: Although it is natural to expect that group-living animals will utilize
 social learning, the expectation for non-grouping species is less clear.
 Only a few studies have explored the relationship between sociality and
 social learning. Here we presented 4 non-grouping fish species,
 fifteenspine sticklebacks (Spinachia spinachia), bullhead sculpins (Cottus
 gobio), stone loach (Barbatula barbatula) and juvenile European flounders
 (Platichthys flesus) with social information provided by groups of a
 shoal-forming heterospecific, the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus
 aculeatus). Using a binary choice procedure we allowed individual test
 subjects to select between simulated prey patches. Although the test
 subjects could not sample the patches directly they were able to use
 information generated by the heterospecific demonstrators to select the
 “richer” of the 2 patches. For comparison we also recorded social
 information use in 2 shoaling species, threespine, and ninespine
 sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius). We saw evidence of social information
 use and social learning in all 6 species, with no differences seen between
 social and non-grouping species. We argue that social learning is not
 likely to be restricted to group-living species, since many solitary
 species too are regularly exposed to social stimuli from both conspecifics
 and heterospecifics, and can benefit from using social information. We
 suggest that researchers have much to learn about the sensory, perceptive,
 and cognitive mechanisms underlying social learning, and the extent to
 which these vary (if at all) between grouping and non-grouping species.
description: Data from Webster &
 Laland 2017Data from Webster &
 Laland (2017) Social information use and social learning in non-grouping
 fishes. Behavioural Ecology
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1s471m3
title: Data from: HSP90 as a global genetic modifier for male genital morphology in Drosophila melanogaster

description: The molecular chaperone protein HSP90 has been proposed to modulate
 genotype-phenotype relationship in a broad range of organisms. To
 understand the genetic modifier effect of HSP90, genetic variations under
 the influence of HSP90 need to be identified on a genome-wide scale. Here,
 we show that HSP90 functions as a genetic modifier of genital morphology
 in Drosophila melanogaster. We identified a large number of
 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with an HSP90-dependent effect by
 using genome wide association analysis. We classified the SNPs into the
 ones under capacitance effect (smaller allelic effect under HSP90
 inhibition) or the ones under potentiation effect (larger allelic effect
 under HSP90 inhibition). Although the majority of SNPs are under
 capacitance, there are a large number of SNPs under potentiation. This
 observation provides support for a model in which Hsp90 is not described
 exclusively as a ‘genetic capacitor’, but is described more broadly as a
 ‘genetic modifier’. Because the majority of the candidate genes estimated
 from SNPs with an HSP90-dependent effect in the current study have never
 been reported to interact with HSP90 directly, the global genetic modifier
 effect of HSP90 may be exhibited through epistatic interactions in gene
 regulatory networks.
description: Posterior lobe shape
 (PC1) under control treatmentMean PC1 scores for DGRP
 strains under the control treatment.PC1_C.csvPosterior lobe shape (PC1) under geldanamycin treatmentMean PC1 scores for DGRP strains under the geldanamycin treatment.PC1_G.csvPosterior lobe shape (PC2) under control treatmentMean PC2 scores for DGRP strains under the control treatment.PC2_C.csvPosterior lobe shape (PC2) under geldanamycin treatmentMean PC2 scores for DGRP strains under the geldanamycin treatment.PC2_G.csvPosterior lobe size (mm) under control treatmentMean Posterior lobe size (mm) for DGRP strains under the control treatment.Size_mm_C.csvPosterior lobe size (mm) under geldanamycin treatmentMean Posterior lobe size (mm) for DGRP strains under the geldanamycin treatment.Size_mm_G.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cb91k
title: Data from: Costs of sleeping in: circadian rhythms influence cuckoldry risk in a songbird

description: 1. Circadian (i.e. daily) regulation of behaviors is thought to provide
 fitness benefits to organisms by enabling them to anticipate diel changes
 in the environment, such as sunrise. 2. A common behavior among socially
 monogamous songbirds that usually takes place in the early mornings is
 extra-pair mating, i.e. copulating with partners outside of the social
 pair bond. 3. Thus, variation in when individuals begin their daily
 activity may influence their reproductive success; early risers may be
 better able to gain copulations guard their partners thus minimizing their
 risk of being cuckolded compared to late risers. Sexual selection may thus
 play an important role in shaping circadian behaviors, but this assumption
 has yet to be tested in free-living animals. 4. Here we experimentally
 weakened endogenous circadian rhythmicity and thus anticipation of dawn in
 male great tits (Parus major) in the wild through the subcutaneous
 administration of implants filled with melatonin shortly before egg-laying
 began in this population; melatonin is a hormone released during the dark
 phase of the day, and is one important cue animals use to entrain their
 circadian clock. 5. Experimental individuals delayed onset of daily
 activity compared with controls, and were more likely to be cuckolded
 compared with control males. Manipulation did not alter other behavioral
 traits observed; no difference between treatments was observed in activity
 levels during the day or in the end time of daily activity. 6. These
 results strongly support the assumption that selection, particularly
 sexual selection, shapes circadian phenotypes of wild vertebrates which
 enable anticipation of important and predictive diel changes in an
 individual's biotic and abiotic environment.
description: DRYAD.NEST.DATA.2010.2011DRYAD.2011.active periodsDRYAD.MALE.WAKEUPDRYAD.DNA-nestdata
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n6c67
title: Data from: What does body size mean, from the “plant's eye view”?

description: Alternative metrics exist for representing variation in plant body size,
 but the vast majority of previous research for herbaceous plants has
 focused on dry mass. Dry mass provides a reasonably accurate and easily
 measured estimate for comparing relative capacity to convert solar energy
 into stored carbon. However, from a “plant's eye view”, its
 experience of its local biotic environment of immediate neighbors
 (especially when crowded) may be more accurately represented by measures
 of “space occupancy” (S–O) recorded in situ—rather than dry mass measured
 after storage in a drying oven. This study investigated relationships
 between dry mass and alternative metrics of S–O body size for resident
 plants sampled from natural populations of herbaceous species found in
 Eastern Ontario. Plant height, maximum lateral canopy extent, and
 estimated canopy area and volume were recorded in situ (in the field)—and
 both fresh and dry mass were recorded in the laboratory—for 138 species
 ranging widely in body size and for 20 plants ranging widely in body size
 within each of 10 focal species. Dry mass and fresh mass were highly
 correlated (r2 &gt; .95) and isometric, suggesting that for some
 studies, between-species (or between-plant) variation in water content may
 be unimportant and fresh mass can therefore substitute for dry mass.
 However, several relationships between dry mass and other S–O body size
 metrics showed allometry—that is, plants with smaller S–O body size had
 disproportionately less dry mass. In other words, they have higher “body
 mass density” (BMD) — more dry mass per unit S–O body size. These results
 have practical importance for experimental design and methodology as well
 as implications for the interpretation of “reproductive economy”—the
 capacity to produce offspring at small body sizes—because fecundity and
 dry mass (produced in the same growing season) typically have a positive,
 isometric relationship. Accordingly, the allometry between dry mass and
 S–O body size reported here suggests that plants with smaller S–O body
 size—because of higher BMD—may produce fewer offspring, but less than
 proportionately so; in other words, they may produce more offspring per
 unit of body size space occupancy.
description: PIC body size data
 herbaceous speciesPIC data for herbaceous
 annuals, biennials and perennials. Includes PICs for height, lateral
 extent, volume, area, fresh and dry mass.Size
 data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6p6f8m5
title: Data from: Increased female resistance to mating promotes the effect of mechanical constraints on latency to pair

description: Size-assortative mating, defined as a positive linear association of body
 size between members of mating pairs, can arise from mechanical
 constraints on pairing efficiency, particularly when mating success is
 affected by males' mate-grasping force. In this context, female
 resistance is predicted to have an important role in changing the
 threshold force necessary for males to hold females, thereby contributing
 to the effect of mechanical constraints. Thus, increased female resistance
 is expected to increase the paring success of an optimally sized male
 relative to the female body size (sexual size ratio = male body
 size/female body size = 0.86), which leads to positive size-assortative
 mating. However, very little is known about the extent to which female
 resistance affects mechanical constraints on mate grasping. Here, using
 the water strider Gerris gracilicornis (Hemiptera: Gerridae), we tested
 whether the level of female resistance affected the relationship between
 the sexual size ratio and latency to pair. We found that optimally sized
 males mated sooner than other males when females resisted a male’s mating
 attempts. When females did not resist, an effect of sexual size ratio on
 latency to pair was not found. Our results thus imply that increased
 female resistance to male mating attempts may strengthen the pattern of
 size-assortative mating. We provide clear empirical evidence that female
 resistance to mating influences the effect of mechanical constraints on
 size-assortative mating under sexual conflict. This result further
 suggests that patterns of size-assortative mating can be altered by a
 variety of ecological circumstances that change female resistance to
 mating in many other animal species under sexual conflict.
description: datafileSSR2 = SSR^2 SSR = sexual size ratio R = female resistance (NR=no resistance, R=resistance) standardised_duration = z-transformed latency to pair
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tr61n
title: Data from: Host range expansion of native insects to exotic trees increases with area of introduction and presence of congeneric native trees

description: 1. Exotic tree species are widely used in forest plantations for their
 often high productivity and performance compared to native trees. However,
 these advantages may be compromised by herbivore damage. 2. A list of
 European insect species that have expanded their host range to one of 28
 exotic tree species introduced to Europe was compiled from a systematic
 literature review. The number of successful expansions was analysed using
 three predictors: (1) phylogenetic relatedness between exotic and European
 tree species; (2) area covered by exotic tree species in Europe; and (3)
 time since their introduction into Europe. 3. In total, 590 host
 expansions of native insects to exotic trees were found, mainly of
 polyphagous species (43%); 25% of the cases reported some type of damage.
 Bark and wood borers, and defoliators were the dominant guilds. 4. The
 number of recruited native insect species and cases where major damage
 occurred were positively correlated with the geographical extent of exotic
 trees in Europe and the presence of congeneric native trees. 5. Synthesis
 and applications. The use of exotic tree species creates opportunities for
 native insect herbivores to expand their host range and increase their
 damage if they are widely planted next to native congeners. Risk
 assessment studies are recommended when introducing new tree species for
 forestry plantations. Risk assessments should include trials on
 susceptibility to any potential damaging organisms in the introduced
 range.
description: Model input
 dataData used on model
 regression, comprising: exotic tree species; phylogenetic relatedness to
 European native species, geographic distribution and time since
 introduction; number of native insects expressed in different
 terms.JAPPL-2014-00474_species
 data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dh8tt
title: Data from: Causes and consequences of living in closed societies: lessons from a long-term socio-genetic study on Bechstein's bats

description: Understanding the ecological, behavioural and genetic factors influencing
 animal social systems is crucial to investigating the evolution of
 sociality. Despite the recent advances in population genetic methods and
 the analysis of social interactions, long-term studies exploring the
 causes and consequences of social systems in wild mammals are rare. Here,
 we provide a synthesis of 15 years of data on the Bechstein’s bat (Myotis
 bechsteinii), a species that raises its young in closed societies of 10-45
 females living together for their entire lives and where immigration is
 virtually absent. We discuss the potential causes and consequences of
 living in closed societies, based on the available data on Bechstein’s bat
 and other species with similar social systems. Using a combination of
 observational and genetic data on the bats together with genetic data on
 an ecto-parasite, we suggest that closed societies in Bechstein’s bats are
 likely caused by a combination of benefits from cooperation with familiar
 colony members and parasite pressure. Consequences of this peculiar social
 system include increased sensitivity to demographic fluctuations and
 limits to dispersal during colony foundation, which have broad
 implications for conservation. We also hope to illustrate by synthesising
 the results of this long-term study the diversity of tools that can be
 applied to hypothesise about the factors influencing a species’ social
 system. We are convinced that with the expansion of the number of social
 mammals for which comparably detailed socio-genetic long-term data are
 available, future comparative studies will provide deeper insights into
 the evolution of closed societies.
description: MsatDataNewBechsteinColoniesMicrosatellite data for 6 Bechstein's bat colonies across Europe.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s0t00
title: Data from: Artificial light at night alters trophic interactions of intertidal invertebrates

description: Despite being globally widespread in coastal regions, the impacts of light
 pollution on intertidal ecosystems has received little attention.
 Intertidal species exhibit many night-time-dependent ecological
 strategies, including feeding, reproduction, orientation and predator
 avoidance, which are likely negatively affected by shifting light regimes,
 as has been observed in terrestrial and aquatic taxa. Coastal lighting may
 shape intertidal communities through its influence on the nocturnal
 foraging activity of dogwhelks (Nucella lapillus), a widespread predatory
 mollusc that structures biodiversity in temperate rocky shores. In the
 laboratory, we investigated whether the basal and foraging activity of
 this predator was affected by exposure to night-time lighting both in the
 presence and absence of olfactory predator cues (Carcinus maenas, common
 shore crab). Assessments of dogwhelks’ behavioural responses to night-time
 white LED lighting were performed on individuals that had been acclimated
 to night-time white LED lighting conditions for 16 days and individuals
 that had not previously been exposed to artificial light at night.
 Dogwhelks acclimated to night-time lighting exhibited natural
 refuge-seeking behaviour less often compared to control animals, but were
 more likely to respond to and handle prey irrespective of whether
 olfactory predator cues were present. These responses suggest night-time
 lighting likely increased the energetic demand of dogwhelks through
 stress, encouraging foraging whenever food was available, regardless of
 potential danger. Contrastingly, whelks not acclimated under night-time
 lighting were more likely to respond to the presence of prey under
 artificial light at night when olfactory predator cues were present,
 indicating an opportunistic shift towards the use of visual instead of
 olfactory cues in risk evaluation. These results demonstrate that
 artificial night-time lighting influences the behaviour of intertidal
 fauna such that the balance of interspecific interactions involved in
 community structuring may be affected.
description: Data from the acclimated
 experimentExp
 1.csvData from the
 non-acclimated experimentExp
 2.csv