cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252902
title: Fatal side impact crash scenarios for rear seat and seat belt–restrained occupants from vulnerable populations

description: <b>Objective:</b> Previous studies have revealed vulnerability of school-age children and older adults in rear seats in motor vehicle crashes. Detailed information about crashes in which these fatalities occur could help improve vehicle and restraint design. <b>Methods:</b> Police accident reports were obtained for crashes from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System data set. Inclusion criteria were crashes in which there was at least one fatally injured restrained rear seat occupant between the ages of 6 and 12 or 55 and older in a passenger vehicle no older than 10 years at the time of the crash. Reports were reviewed for key crash data. Side impacts were selected for analysis. <b>Results:</b> Thirty-nine side impact crashes met the inclusion criteria, resulting in 46 fatalities of interest. Far-side or nondirect impact cases outnumbered near-side cases by 15–11 for juvenile occupants. Sixty-one percent of occupants were in vehicles with side airbags (SABs), all of which deployed for their position, although torso SABs were only present in 3 cases. Head injuries were present in all juvenile cases with injury data available and older occupants suffered equally from head and torso injuries. Impacts with pickup trucks and heavy trucks made up 31 and 22% of all cases, respectively. Three-quarters of cases were judged as survivable for the fatally injured occupant(s), and 5 of 7 cases deemed unsurvivable involved juvenile decedents. Further, of those deemed survivable, two-thirds had damage comparable in magnitude with the same vehicles in consumer information crash tests, evaluated by photo comparison. <b>Conclusions:</b> Older adults suffered thoracic injuries at a higher rate than older children—who suffered predominately head injuries—and most vehicles did not have torso SABs installed, which could have mitigated thoracic injuries. Side impacts in which younger occupants were killed were more severe than impacts that resulted in the death of an older occupant; however, vehicle damage and intrusion in many fatal impacts for both age cohorts appeared similar to that of consumer information testing. Large pickups and heavy vehicles were the striking vehicle in over half of all fatalities; vehicle designs and crash tests should continue to take this into consideration. This research highlights the need for continued work as the automotive safety community seeks to eliminate fatalities in motor vehicle crashes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252953.v1
title: Quebec allocation reports

description: Periodic reports from Quebec's Ministère de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les Changements Climatiques (MELCC) stating quantities of allowances distributed without charge to industrial emitters. <br><br>For each emission year, subsequent reports state the total quantity of allowances distributed. The initial allocations, in January of each year, are 75% of the estimated total allocation for that same year. The major revision to the allocations occurs in September of the following year, in which the remaining 25% of the (revised) estimated total allocation is distributed. There have been further revisions to each allocation, some positive and some negative (meaning that emitters had to return allowances to regulators).<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252902.v2
title: Fatal side impact crash scenarios for rear seat and seat belt–restrained occupants from vulnerable populations

description: <b>Objective:</b> Previous studies have revealed vulnerability of school-age children and older adults in rear seats in motor vehicle crashes. Detailed information about crashes in which these fatalities occur could help improve vehicle and restraint design. <b>Methods:</b> Police accident reports were obtained for crashes from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System data set. Inclusion criteria were crashes in which there was at least one fatally injured restrained rear seat occupant between the ages of 6 and 12 or 55 and older in a passenger vehicle no older than 10 years at the time of the crash. Reports were reviewed for key crash data. Side impacts were selected for analysis. <b>Results:</b> Thirty-nine side impact crashes met the inclusion criteria, resulting in 46 fatalities of interest. Far-side or nondirect impact cases outnumbered near-side cases by 15–11 for juvenile occupants. Sixty-one percent of occupants were in vehicles with side airbags (SABs), all of which deployed for their position, although torso SABs were only present in 3 cases. Head injuries were present in all juvenile cases with injury data available and older occupants suffered equally from head and torso injuries. Impacts with pickup trucks and heavy trucks made up 31 and 22% of all cases, respectively. Three-quarters of cases were judged as survivable for the fatally injured occupant(s), and 5 of 7 cases deemed unsurvivable involved juvenile decedents. Further, of those deemed survivable, two-thirds had damage comparable in magnitude with the same vehicles in consumer information crash tests, evaluated by photo comparison. <b>Conclusions:</b> Older adults suffered thoracic injuries at a higher rate than older children—who suffered predominately head injuries—and most vehicles did not have torso SABs installed, which could have mitigated thoracic injuries. Side impacts in which younger occupants were killed were more severe than impacts that resulted in the death of an older occupant; however, vehicle damage and intrusion in many fatal impacts for both age cohorts appeared similar to that of consumer information testing. Large pickups and heavy vehicles were the striking vehicle in over half of all fatalities; vehicle designs and crash tests should continue to take this into consideration. This research highlights the need for continued work as the automotive safety community seeks to eliminate fatalities in motor vehicle crashes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252953.v3
title: Québec Quantité d’unités d’émission versées en allocation gratuite

description: Periodic reports from Quebec's Ministère de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les Changements Climatiques (MELCC) stating quantities of allowances distributed without charge to industrial emitters. <br><br>For each emission year, subsequent reports state the total quantity of allowances distributed. The initial allocations, in January of each year, are 75% of the estimated total allocation for that same year. The major revision to the allocations occurs in September of the following year, in which the remaining 25% of the (revised) estimated total allocation is distributed. There have been further revisions to each allocation, some positive and some negative (meaning that emitters had to return allowances to regulators).<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252866
title: Rates and types of injuries during the three consecutive years 2016 to 2018 of the Vätternrundan—One of the world’s largest and longest bicycle races

description: <b>Objective:</b> The present study was performed during 3 consecutive years of the Vätternrundan in Sweden, one of the world’s longest and largest bicycle races. The aim was to examine the rates and types of injuries to participating cyclists in order to identify the reasons and mechanisms for injury, with the purpose of decreasing the risk of injury. <b>Method:</b> A retrospective observational interference study was performed over 3 consecutive years. Data were collected from medical records of cyclists who were treated at hospital for traumatic injuries at the Vätternrundan 2016. Injured cyclists were asked to fill out questionnaires about the accidents. During the 2 consecutive years 2017 to 2018, a follow-up was performed in order to evaluate whether the precautions taken, based on the data from the previous year, could decrease rate of injuries during the consecutive race. <b>Results:</b> Sixty-nine (0.35%) of the 19,663 participants in the Vätternrundan in 2016 were included in the study, due to their need for hospital care. The corresponding numbers for 2017 and 2018 were 52 (0.27%) and 44 (0.22%), respectively. The most common injury was fracture to the clavicle (18–30%). In total, 68–74% of all injuries were to the upper body (above the hip; <i>P</i> <b>Conclusion:</b> We found that the overwhelming majority of traumatic injuries were to the upper body, with the most common injury being clavicular fracture. The most common mechanism for injury was interference between cyclists in the first year’s race, mainly due to crowding because of the track being too narrow at certain locations. The interventions performed, based on these findings, resulted in a substantial decrease in injuries during the next 2 consecutive Vätternrundan races. Thus, systematic identification and elimination of hazards contributed to a reduction of the rate of injury by 37% (<i>P</i> = .0013, χ<sup>2</sup>) during the 3 years of the study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252902.v1
title: Fatal side impact crash scenarios for rear seat and seat belt–restrained occupants from vulnerable populations

description: <b>Objective:</b> Previous studies have revealed vulnerability of school-age children and older adults in rear seats in motor vehicle crashes. Detailed information about crashes in which these fatalities occur could help improve vehicle and restraint design. <b>Methods:</b> Police accident reports were obtained for crashes from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System data set. Inclusion criteria were crashes in which there was at least one fatally injured restrained rear seat occupant between the ages of 6 and 12 or 55 and older in a passenger vehicle no older than 10 years at the time of the crash. Reports were reviewed for key crash data. Side impacts were selected for analysis. <b>Results:</b> Thirty-nine side impact crashes met the inclusion criteria, resulting in 46 fatalities of interest. Far-side or nondirect impact cases outnumbered near-side cases by 15–11 for juvenile occupants. Sixty-one percent of occupants were in vehicles with side airbags (SABs), all of which deployed for their position, although torso SABs were only present in 3 cases. Head injuries were present in all juvenile cases with injury data available and older occupants suffered equally from head and torso injuries. Impacts with pickup trucks and heavy trucks made up 31 and 22% of all cases, respectively. Three-quarters of cases were judged as survivable for the fatally injured occupant(s), and 5 of 7 cases deemed unsurvivable involved juvenile decedents. Further, of those deemed survivable, two-thirds had damage comparable in magnitude with the same vehicles in consumer information crash tests, evaluated by photo comparison. <b>Conclusions:</b> Older adults suffered thoracic injuries at a higher rate than older children—who suffered predominately head injuries—and most vehicles did not have torso SABs installed, which could have mitigated thoracic injuries. Side impacts in which younger occupants were killed were more severe than impacts that resulted in the death of an older occupant; however, vehicle damage and intrusion in many fatal impacts for both age cohorts appeared similar to that of consumer information testing. Large pickups and heavy vehicles were the striking vehicle in over half of all fatalities; vehicle designs and crash tests should continue to take this into consideration. This research highlights the need for continued work as the automotive safety community seeks to eliminate fatalities in motor vehicle crashes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252866.v1
title: Rates and types of injuries during the three consecutive years 2016 to 2018 of the Vätternrundan—One of the world’s largest and longest bicycle races

description: <b>Objective:</b> The present study was performed during 3 consecutive years of the Vätternrundan in Sweden, one of the world’s longest and largest bicycle races. The aim was to examine the rates and types of injuries to participating cyclists in order to identify the reasons and mechanisms for injury, with the purpose of decreasing the risk of injury. <b>Method:</b> A retrospective observational interference study was performed over 3 consecutive years. Data were collected from medical records of cyclists who were treated at hospital for traumatic injuries at the Vätternrundan 2016. Injured cyclists were asked to fill out questionnaires about the accidents. During the 2 consecutive years 2017 to 2018, a follow-up was performed in order to evaluate whether the precautions taken, based on the data from the previous year, could decrease rate of injuries during the consecutive race. <b>Results:</b> Sixty-nine (0.35%) of the 19,663 participants in the Vätternrundan in 2016 were included in the study, due to their need for hospital care. The corresponding numbers for 2017 and 2018 were 52 (0.27%) and 44 (0.22%), respectively. The most common injury was fracture to the clavicle (18–30%). In total, 68–74% of all injuries were to the upper body (above the hip; <i>P</i> <b>Conclusion:</b> We found that the overwhelming majority of traumatic injuries were to the upper body, with the most common injury being clavicular fracture. The most common mechanism for injury was interference between cyclists in the first year’s race, mainly due to crowding because of the track being too narrow at certain locations. The interventions performed, based on these findings, resulted in a substantial decrease in injuries during the next 2 consecutive Vätternrundan races. Thus, systematic identification and elimination of hazards contributed to a reduction of the rate of injury by 37% (<i>P</i> = .0013, χ<sup>2</sup>) during the 3 years of the study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252716
title: CCDB_8246.jpg

description: The mouse was anesthetized with Nembutal and then perfused with Ringer's containing heparin and xylocaine and bubbled with 95% O2 / 5% CO2. The mouse was then perfused with 2.5% glutaraldehyde / 2% PFA in cacodylate buffer containing 2 mM CaCl.The brain was removed and placed in same post-fix for 2 hours and 15 minutes in fridge.The brain was cut in to 100 um thick vibratome sections in ice cold cac buffer with 2mM Ca.The slices were washed in cac w/ Ca for 30 minutes in fridge.The slices were placed into 2% OsO4 / 1.5% potassium ferrocyanide in cac w/ Ca at room temp for 1 hour.The slices were washed 3x 2 minutes with ddH2O and then placed into 1% aq. thiocarbohydrazide for 20 minutes at room temp.The slices were washed 2x 2 minutes with ddH2O and then placed in 2% aq. OsO4 for 30 min at room temp.The slices were washed 3x 2 min with ddH2O and then placed in 2% aq. UA overnight in fridge.The next day the slices were washed 3x 10 min in ddH2O and then placed in lead aspartate solution in 60 degree oven for 30 min.The slices were washed 3x 5min in ddH2O at room temp.The slices were dehydrated in series of ice cold EtOH solutions (70%, 90%, 100%, 100%; 10 min each).The slices were placed in ice-cold acetone for 10 min and left at room tempThe slices were placed in room temp acetone for 10 minutes.The slices were placed in 25% Durcupan for 3 hours. The slices were placed in 50% Durcupan overnight.The slices were placed in 75% Durcupan for 3 hours. The slices were placed in 100% Durcupan overnight.The slices were flat-embedded in fresh 100% Durcupan and left in 50 degree oven for 48 hours.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252716.v1
title: CCDB_8246.jpg

description: The mouse was anesthetized with Nembutal and then perfused with Ringer's containing heparin and xylocaine and bubbled with 95% O2 / 5% CO2. The mouse was then perfused with 2.5% glutaraldehyde / 2% PFA in cacodylate buffer containing 2 mM CaCl.The brain was removed and placed in same post-fix for 2 hours and 15 minutes in fridge.The brain was cut in to 100 um thick vibratome sections in ice cold cac buffer with 2mM Ca.The slices were washed in cac w/ Ca for 30 minutes in fridge.The slices were placed into 2% OsO4 / 1.5% potassium ferrocyanide in cac w/ Ca at room temp for 1 hour.The slices were washed 3x 2 minutes with ddH2O and then placed into 1% aq. thiocarbohydrazide for 20 minutes at room temp.The slices were washed 2x 2 minutes with ddH2O and then placed in 2% aq. OsO4 for 30 min at room temp.The slices were washed 3x 2 min with ddH2O and then placed in 2% aq. UA overnight in fridge.The next day the slices were washed 3x 10 min in ddH2O and then placed in lead aspartate solution in 60 degree oven for 30 min.The slices were washed 3x 5min in ddH2O at room temp.The slices were dehydrated in series of ice cold EtOH solutions (70%, 90%, 100%, 100%; 10 min each).The slices were placed in ice-cold acetone for 10 min and left at room tempThe slices were placed in room temp acetone for 10 minutes.The slices were placed in 25% Durcupan for 3 hours. The slices were placed in 50% Durcupan overnight.The slices were placed in 75% Durcupan for 3 hours. The slices were placed in 100% Durcupan overnight.The slices were flat-embedded in fresh 100% Durcupan and left in 50 degree oven for 48 hours.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252431
title: test data

description: test data<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252431.v1
title: test data

description: test data<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9252416
title: test data

description: test data<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9250865
title: Phosphate effects in physiological responses and carbohydrate production in Ulva fasciata Delile (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) from two populations.xlsx

description: Bioproducts derived from <i>Ulva</i> species have received increasing attention in several biotechnological fields due to their economic potential and cosmopolitan distribution. This study assessed the influence of different phosphate concentrations (0, 2 and 4 µM PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>) commonly found in eutrophic environments on carbohydrate production, growth rate, tissue phosphorus, phosphate uptake and photosynthetic response in <i>U. fasciata</i> from two distinct sites (Arraial do Cabo, an upwelling site, with cold and nutrient rich water, and Niterói / Rio de Janeiro – Brazil, a non-upwelling site). After fifteen days of the experiment, the carbohydrate content increased in both populations and in all treatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) at approximately 136 and 264 % for Arraial do Cabo and Niterói, respectively. In Arraial do Cabo individuals, the carbohydrate content was high in all treatments (71 % DW), while Niterói individuals cultivated in the highest phosphate concentration presented the lowest carbohydrate content (46 % DW). Individuals cultivated in the absence of phosphate (control) presented the lowest tissue P and a progressive decline in the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) over the experimental period (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Altogether, the results indicate that phosphate concentrations in the culture medium influenced the carbohydrate content of <i>U. fasciata</i> and that populations from sites with broad environmental variations can present higher productivity. Moreover, the different physiological responses and carbohydrate content throughout the experimental period suggest that populations are ecotypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9250865.v2
title: Phosphate effects in physiological responses and carbohydrate production in Ulva fasciata Delile (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) from two populations.xlsx

description: Bioproducts derived from <i>Ulva</i> species have received increasing attention in several biotechnological fields due to their economic potential and cosmopolitan distribution. This study assessed the influence of different phosphate concentrations (0, 2 and 4 µM PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>) commonly found in eutrophic environments on carbohydrate production, growth rate, tissue phosphorus, phosphate uptake and photosynthetic response in <i>U. fasciata</i> from two distinct sites (Arraial do Cabo, an upwelling site, with cold and nutrient rich water, and Niterói / Rio de Janeiro – Brazil, a non-upwelling site). After fifteen days of the experiment, the carbohydrate content increased in both populations and in all treatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) at approximately 136 and 264 % for Arraial do Cabo and Niterói, respectively. In Arraial do Cabo individuals, the carbohydrate content was high in all treatments (71 % DW), while Niterói individuals cultivated in the highest phosphate concentration presented the lowest carbohydrate content (46 % DW). Individuals cultivated in the absence of phosphate (control) presented the lowest tissue P and a progressive decline in the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) over the experimental period (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Altogether, the results indicate that phosphate concentrations in the culture medium influenced the carbohydrate content of <i>U. fasciata</i> and that populations from sites with broad environmental variations can present higher productivity. Moreover, the different physiological responses and carbohydrate content throughout the experimental period suggest that populations are ecotypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9250865.v1
title: Phosphate effects in physiological responses and carbohydrate production in Ulva fasciata Delile (Ulvales, Chlorophyta) from two populations.xlsx

description: Bioproducts derived from <i>Ulva</i> species have received increasing attention in several biotechnological fields due to their economic potential and cosmopolitan distribution. This study assessed the influence of different phosphate concentrations (0, 2 and 4 µM PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>) commonly found in eutrophic environments on carbohydrate production, growth rate, tissue phosphorus, phosphate uptake and photosynthetic response in <i>U. fasciata</i> from two distinct sites (Arraial do Cabo, an upwelling site, with cold and nutrient rich water, and Niterói / Rio de Janeiro – Brazil, a non-upwelling site). After fifteen days of the experiment, the carbohydrate content increased in both populations and in all treatments (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) at approximately 136 and 264 % for Arraial do Cabo and Niterói, respectively. In Arraial do Cabo individuals, the carbohydrate content was high in all treatments (71 % DW), while Niterói individuals cultivated in the highest phosphate concentration presented the lowest carbohydrate content (46 % DW). Individuals cultivated in the absence of phosphate (control) presented the lowest tissue P and a progressive decline in the maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) over the experimental period (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Altogether, the results indicate that phosphate concentrations in the culture medium influenced the carbohydrate content of <i>U. fasciata</i> and that populations from sites with broad environmental variations can present higher productivity. Moreover, the different physiological responses and carbohydrate content throughout the experimental period suggest that populations are ecotypes.