DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tp4v3
title: Data from: Population differentiation and behavioural association of the two ‘personality’ genes DRD4 and SERT in dunnocks (Prunella modularis)

description: Quantifying the variation in behaviour-related genes within and between
 populations provides insight into how evolutionary processes shape
 consistent behavioural traits (i.e. personality). Deliberate introductions
 of non-native species offer opportunities to investigate how such genes
 differ between native and introduced populations and how polymorphisms in
 the genes are related to variation in behaviour. Here, we compared the
 genetic variation of the two ‘personality’ genes, DRD4 and SERT, between a
 native (United Kingdom, UK) and an introduced (New Zealand, NZ) population
 of dunnocks, Prunella modularis. The NZ population showed a significantly
 lower number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) compared to the UK
 population. Standardized F’st estimates of the personality genes and
 neutral microsatellites indicate that selection (anthropogenic and
 natural) probably occurred during and post the introduction event.
 Notably, the largest genetic differentiation was found in the intronic
 regions of the genes. In the NZ population, we also examined the
 association between polymorphisms in DRD4 and SERT and two highly
 repeatable behavioural traits: flight-initiation distance and mating
 status (promiscuous females and cobreeding males). We found 38 significant
 associations (for different allele effect models) between the two
 behavioural traits and the studied genes. Further, 22 of the tested
 associations showed antagonistic allele effects for males and females. Our
 findings illustrate how introduction events and accompanying ecological
 changes could influence the genetic diversity of behaviour-related genes.
description: Neutral_Microsatellites_dunnocksScores for 16 neutral microsatellites of the UK and NZ population of dunnocks (Prunella modularis).SERT_Microsatellites_dunnocksScores for two SERT microsatellites (SERTex1 and SERTIND110) of the UK and NZ population of dunnocks (Prunella modularis).DRD4_SNPs_Indels_dunnocksThe file lists single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels in the DRD4 gene of the UK and NZ population of dunnocks (Prunella modularis).SERT_SNPs_Indels_dunnocksThe file lists single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and indels in the SERT gene of the UK and NZ population of dunnocks (Prunella modularis).FID_data_NZ_dunnocksThe file lists flight-initiation distances (FID), sex, year and season of the New Zealand population of dunnocks (Prunella modularis).MatingStatus_NZ_dunnocksThe file lists mating statuses, sex and year of the New Zealand population of dunnocks (Prunella modularis).DRD4_In1_alignedFasta file containing aligned sequences of a 670 bp fragment of DRD4 intron 1.DRD4_Ex3_alignedFasta file containing aligned sequences of a 574 bp fragment of DRD4 spanning the 5’ flanking region of intron 2 and the complete exon 3.SERT_392_alignedFasta file containing aligned sequences of a 208 bp fragment of the SERT promoter.SERT_592_alignedFasta file containing aligned sequences of a 505 bp fragment of the SERT promoter.SERT_S2_alignedFasta file containing aligned sequences of a 775 bp fragment of SERT spanning intron 3, exon 4 and a part of the 5’-end of intron 4.SERT_S4_alignedFasta file containing aligned sequences of a 413 bp fragment of the 3’-end of the SERT intron 5.SERT_S5_alignedFasta file containing aligned sequences of a 364 bp fragment of SERT spanning the complete intron 7 anda part of exon 8.