cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.wgejxw
title: Characterization of Spacesuit Associated Microbial Communities and their Implications for Astrobiology Missions

description: Background. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is planning to send humans and spacecraft to search for life on other planets. Much of the scientific preparation for these expeditions centers on finding microbial life. However, both humans and associated objects typically carry a high microbial burden. Thus, it is essential to distinguish between microbes brought with the expedition and those present on the exploring planets. Modern spacesuits are unique, customized spacecraft which provide protection, mobility and life support to crew during spacewalks, yet they vent continuoulsy, and the mobility of microbes through spacesuits has not been studied. Results. To evaluate the microbial colonization of spacesuits, NASA used an Extravehicular Activity swab kit to examine viable microbial populations of 48 samples from spacesuits using both traditional microbiological methods and molecular sequencing methods. The cultivable microbial population ranged from below the detection limit to 9 x 102 colony forming units per 25 cm2 of sample and also significantly varied by the location. The cultivable microbial diversity was dominated by members of Bacillus, Arthrobcter, and Ascomycota. However, 16S rRNA-based viable bacterial burden ranged from 105 to 106 copies per 25 cm2 of sample. The shotgun metagenome sequencing revealed the presence of a diverse microbial population on the spacesuit surfaces, including Curtobacterium and Methylobacterium from across all sets of spacesuits in high abundance. Among bacterial species identified, higher abundance of Cutibacterium acnes, Methylobacterium oryzae, and M. phyllosphaerae reads were documented. Conclusion. The results of this study provides evidence that identical microbial strains may live on the wrist joint, inner gauntlet, and outer gauntlet of spacesuits. This raises the possibility, but does not confirm, that viable microbes are able to migrate between the interior and exterior of spacesuits. Overall, these data provide the first estimate of range for microbial motility within and outside of spacesuits, which will help future mission planning to meet planetary protection goals.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.qe40or
title: Observing Rivers with Varying Spatial Scales

description: The NASA/CNES Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission will estimate global river discharge using remote sensing. Synoptic remote sensing data extends in situ point measurements, but, at any given point, is generally less accurate. We address two questions: 1)What are the scales at which river dynamics can be observed, given spatial sampling and measurement noise characteristics? 2) Is there an equation whose variables are the averaged hydraulic antities obtained by remote sensing, and which describes the dynamics of spatially averaged rivers? We use calibrated hydraulic models to examine the power spectra of the different terms in the momentum equation, and conclude that the measurement of river slope sets the scale at which rivers can be observed. We introduce the reach-averaged Saint-Venant equations, that involve only observable hydraulic variations, and which parametrize within-reach variability with a variability index that multiplies the friction coeffcient and leads to an increased "effective" friction coeffcient. An exact expression is derived for the increase in the effective friction coeffcient, and we propose an approximation that requires only estimates of the hydraulic parameter variances. We validate the results using a large set of hydraulic models and find the approximated variability index is most faithful when the river parameters obey lognormal statistics. The effective friction coeffcient, which can vary from a few percent to more than 50% of the point friction coeffcient, is proportional to the river bed elevation variance and inversely proportional to the depth. This has significant implications for estimating discharge from SWOT data.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.s28dp9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 98573 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Luxembourg",
 "DatasetKey is iNaturalist Research-grade Observations"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 98573 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0286097-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/independent-c69-45443
title: Reviews / summaries of complaints & personnel files (1987-1990), 1991-05-24

description: Internal Affairs Division investigative file - research forms, random sample of complaints (1987-1990), 1991 May 24. PART OF A SERIES: To better understand how LAPD management reacts to problem officers, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom examined the Department's procedures regarding the identification, documentation, and response to personnel complaints. The series includes memoranda and correspondence; attorney notes; materials related to the firm's administrative capacities, including staff rosters and work plans; flow charts that illustrate the LAPD's structure and organization; and draft copies of the firm's contributions to the Commission report.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.j3jnbe
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 13532 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters 0.0-1100.0",
 "GadmGid is USA.33_1",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Hymenoptera, Syrphidae, Bombylidae, Sphingidae, Noctuidae, Colletidae, Scarabaeidae, Cerambycidae)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 13532 records from 24 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0169870-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.6m515f
title: Shape-morphing architected sheets with non-periodic cut patterns

description: In this work, we investigate the out-of-plane shape morphing capabilities of elastic sheets with architected cut patterns. Our cutting strategy transforms a sheet into an arrangement of tiles connected by flexible hinges, that feature a local mechanism-like behavior that enables large deformations with the application of small forces. By leveraging the kinematic frustration that arises in non-periodic architectures, our sheets buckle out of plane when actuated at few boundary points. This global buckling results into three-dimensional dome-like objects and patterns of wrinkles whose extent is independent from the tiles’ size. Relying on mono-layer materials, cutting fabrication techniques and easy-to-control tensile boundary loads provides an effective strategy for the realization of pop-up structures. While this work is centered on soft materials, we explore the extension to stiff elastic-plastic materials that can retain their shape upon load removal.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.xx6s5u
title: PLANCK 2013 RESULTS. XXII. CONSTRAINTS ON INFLATION

description: We analyse the implications of the Planck data for cosmic inflation. The Planck nominal mission temperature anisotropy measurements, combined with the WMAP large-angle polarization, constrain the scalar spectral index to be ns = 0:9603 _ 0:0073, ruling out exact scale invariance at over 5_: Planck establishes an upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio of r &lt; 0:11 (95% CL). The Planck data thus shrink the space of allowed standard inflationary models, preferring potentials with V00 &lt; 0. Exponential potential models, the simplest hybrid inflationary models, and monomial potential models of degree n _ 2 do not provide a good fit to the data. Planck does not find statistically significant running of the scalar spectral index, obtaining dns=dln k = 􀀀0:0134 _ 0:0090. We verify these conclusions through a numerical analysis, which makes no slowroll approximation, and carry out a Bayesian parameter estimation and model-selection analysis for a number of inflationary models including monomial, natural, and hilltop potentials. For each model, we present the Planck constraints on the parameters of the potential and explore several possibilities for the post-inflationary entropy generation epoch, thus obtaining nontrivial data-driven constraints. We also present a direct reconstruction of the observable range of the inflaton potential. Unless a quartic term is allowed in the potential, we find results consistent with second-order slow-roll predictions. We also investigate whether the primordial power spectrum contains any features. We find that models with a parameterized oscillatory feature improve the fit by __2 e_ _ 10; however, Bayesian evidence does not prefer these models. We constrain several single-field inflation models with generalized Lagrangians by combining power spectrum data with Planck bounds on fNL. Planck constrains with unprecedented accuracy the amplitude and possible correlation (with the adiabatic mode) of non-decaying isocurvature fluctuations. The fractional primordial contributions of cold dark matter (CDM) isocurvature modes of the types expected in the curvaton and axion scenarios have upper bounds of 0.25% and 3.9% (95% CL), respectively. In models with arbitrarily correlated CDM or neutrino isocurvature modes, an anticorrelated isocurvature component can improve the _2 e_ by approximately 4 as a result of slightly lowering the theoretical prediction for the ` &lt;_ 40 multipoles relative to the higher multipoles. Nonetheless, the data are consistent with adiabatic initial conditions.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ldgdda
title: Planck 2013 results. XXV. Searches for cosmic strings and other topological defects

description: Planck data have been used to provide stringent new constraints on cosmic strings and other defects. We describe forecasts of the CMB power spectrum induced by cosmic strings, calculating these from network models and simulations using line-of-sight Boltzmann solvers. We have studied Nambu-Goto cosmic strings, as well as field theory strings for which radiative eects are important, thus spanning the range of theoretical uncertainty in the underlying strings models. We have added the angular power spectrum from strings to that for a simple adiabatic model, with the extra fraction defined as f10 at multipole ` = 10. This parameter has been added to the standard six parameter fit using COSMOMC with flat priors. For the Nambu-Goto string model, we have obtained a constraint on the string tension of G=c2 &lt; 1:5 10􀀀7 and f10 &lt; 0:015 at 95% confidence that can be improved to G=c2 &lt; 1:3 10􀀀7 and f10 &lt; 0:010 on inclusion of high-` CMB data. For the Abelian-Higgs field theory model we find, GAH=c2 &lt; 3:2 10􀀀7 and f10 &lt; 0:028. The marginalised likelihoods for f10 and in the f10– bh2 plane are also presented. We have additionally obtained comparable constraints on f10 for models with semilocal strings and global textures. In terms of the eective defect energy scale these are somewhat weaker at G=c2 &lt; 1:1 10􀀀6. We have made complementarity searches for the specific non-Gaussian signatures of cosmic strings, calibrating with all-sky Planck resolution CMB maps generated from networks of post-recombination strings. We have validated our non-Gaussian searches using these simulated maps in a Planck-realistic context, estimating sensitivities of up to G=c2 4 10􀀀7. We have obtained upper limits on the string tension at 95% confidence of G=c2 &lt; 9:010􀀀7 with modal bispectrum estimation and G=c2 &lt; 7:810􀀀7 for real space searches with Minkowski functionals. These are conservative upper bounds because only post-recombination string contributions have been included in the non-Gaussian analysis.
DOI: 10.25549/independent-c69-45605
title: Reviews / summaries of complaints & personnel files (1987-1990), 1991-05-24

description: Internal Affairs Division investigative file - research forms, random sample of complaints (1987-1990), 1991 May 24. PART OF A SERIES: To better understand how LAPD management reacts to problem officers, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom examined the Department's procedures regarding the identification, documentation, and response to personnel complaints. The series includes memoranda and correspondence; attorney notes; materials related to the firm's administrative capacities, including staff rosters and work plans; flow charts that illustrate the LAPD's structure and organization; and draft copies of the firm's contributions to the Commission report.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.8f716c
title: Surface and subsurface dynamics of a perennial slow-moving landslide from ground, air and space

description: Landslides modify the natural landscape and cause 11 fatalities and property damage12 worldwide. Quantifying landslide dynamics is challenging due to the stochastic nature of the13 environment. With its large area of ~1 km2 and perennial motions at ~10-20 mm per day, the14 Slumgullion landslide in Colorado, USA, represents an ideal natural laboratory to better15 understand landslide behavior. Here, we use hybrid remote sensing data and methods to16 recover the four-dimensional surface motions during 2011-2018. We refine the boundaries17 of an area of ~0.35 km2 below the crest of the prehistoric landslide. We construct a18 mechanical framework to quantify the rheology, subsurface channel geometry, mass flow19 rate, and spatiotemporally dependent pore-water pressure feedback through a joint analysis20 of displacement and hydrometeorological measurements from ground, air and space. Our21 study demonstrates the importance of remotely characterizing often inaccessible, dangerous22 slopes to better understand landslide mechanisms, landscape modification, and other quasi23static mass fluxes in natural and industrial environments, which will ultimately help reduce24 landslide hazards.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pl51bk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3083229 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Sweden",
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Year is 2011"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3083229 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001518-150330110031120/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.nzb1r0
title: Do Submesoscales Affect the Large-Scale Structure of the Upper Ocean?

description: Submesoscale baroclinic instabilities have been shown to restratify the surface mixed layer and to seasonally energize submesoscale turbulence in the upper ocean. But do these instabilities also affect the large-scale circulation and stratification of the upper thermocline? This question is addressed for the North Atlantic subtropical mode water region with a series of numerical simulations at varying horizontal grid spacings (16, 8, 4, and 2 km). These simulations are realistically forced and integrated long enough for the thermocline to adjust to the presence or absence of submesoscales. Linear stability analysis indicates that a 2 km grid spacing is sufficient to resolve the most unstable mode of the wintertime mixed-layer instability. As the resolution is increased, spectral slopes of horizontal kinetic energy flatten and vertical velocities increase in magnitude, consistent with previous regional and short-time simulations. The equilibrium stratification of the thermocline changes drastically as the grid spacing is refined from 16 to 8 km and mesoscale eddies are fully resolved. The thermocline stratification remains largely unchanged, however, between the 8, 4, and 2 km runs. This robustness is argued to arise from a mesoscale constraint on the buoyancy variance budget. Once mesoscale processes are resolved, the rate of mesoscale variance production is largely fixed. This constrains the variance destruction by submesoscale vertical buoyancy fluxes, which thus remain invariant across resolutions. The bulk impact of mixed-layer instabilities on upper-ocean stratification in the subtropical mode water region through an enhanced vertical buoyancy flux is therefore captured at 8 km grid spacing, even though the instabilities are severely under-resolved.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5edh8k
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1558 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Melastoma dodecandrum Lour."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1558 records from 38 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0169882-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.0w6izl
title: Quantifying the processes controlling intraseasonal mixed-layer temperature variability in the tropical Indian Ocean

description: Spatial and temporal variation of processes that determine ocean mixed-layer (ML) temperature (MLT) variability on the timescale of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) in the Tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) are examined in a heat-conserving ocean state estimate for years 1993–2011. We introduce a new metric for representing spatial variability of the relative importance of processes. In general, horizontal advection is most important at the Equator. Subsurface processes and surface heat flux are more important away from the Equator, with surface heat flux being the more dominant factor. Analyses at key sites are discussed in the context of local dynamics and literature. At 0, 80.5E, for MLT events&gt;2 standard deviations, ocean dynamics account for more than two thirds of the net tendency during cooling and warming phases. Zonal advection alone accounts for 40% of the net tendency. Moderate events (1–2 standard deviations) show more differences between events, and some are dominated by surface heat flux. At 8S, 67E in the Seychelles-Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR) area, surface heat flux accounts for 70% of the tendency during strong cooling and warming phases; subsurface processes linked to ML depth (MLD) deepening (shoaling) during cooling (warming) account for 30%. MLT is more sensitive to subsurface processes in the SCTR, due to the thin MLD, thin barrier layer and raised thermocline. Results for 8S, 67E support assertions by Vialard et al. (2008) not previously confirmed due to measurement error that prevented budget closure and the small number of events studied. The roles of MLD, barrier layer thickness, and thermocline depth on different timescales are examined..
DOI: 10.25549/independent-c69-45467
title: Reviews / summaries of complaints & personnel files (1987-1990), 1991-05-24

description: Internal Affairs Division investigative file - research forms, random sample of complaints (1987-1990), 1991 May 24. PART OF A SERIES: To better understand how LAPD management reacts to problem officers, Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom examined the Department's procedures regarding the identification, documentation, and response to personnel complaints. The series includes memoranda and correspondence; attorney notes; materials related to the firm's administrative capacities, including staff rosters and work plans; flow charts that illustrate the LAPD's structure and organization; and draft copies of the firm's contributions to the Commission report.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.xs0pmf
title: Modeling Molecular Outgassing Transport and Deposition for Spacecraft Operating in Vacuum

description: Abstract. The science objectives of increasingly ambitious space missions require meeting stringent contamination requirements. The process of outgassing under vacuum exposure is often a primary source of spacecraft molecular contamination. Materials, such as cabling insulation and structural adhesives, evolve molecules that can be transported to and deposit on contamination-sensitive surfaces. Such deposition can negatively impact spacecraft performance: contaminant films may compromise scientific observations made by optical instruments, and may degrade the efficiency of radiators or solar arrays. The design of spacecraft and their mission operations is informed by contamination modeling, an engineering discipline combining empirical data and established science principles. Empirical data obtained from short-duration ASTM E1559 testing is used to determine outgassing rates from source materials. Scaling laws, based on Fick’s law of diffusion and Arrhenius factors to account for temperature variations, are used to extrapolate outgassing test data to mission conditions and durations. Outgassing contamination transport processes in vacuum are modeled as free molecular transport using a view factor formulation. Data from a thermo-gravimetric assessment performed at the conclusion of the ASTM E1559 test is used to estimate contamination condensation on spacecraft surfaces. An example describing the contamination model—incorporating source outgassing, free molecular transport, and condensation onto spacecraft surfaces—is presented for a representative mission.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.sfxfhk
title: A Tunable, Cyclical Spatial Heterodyne Spectrometer on Mt. Hamilton

description: We describe the design considerations, installation, and technical challenges of coupling a cyclical Spatial Heterodyne Spectrometer (SHS) with the Cassegrain telescope at the Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton, CA. The SHS instrument (named Khayyam after the mathematician) is mounted to a fixed focal plane shared by the 0.6m Cassegrain Coudé Auxiliary Telescope (CAT) and has the field-of-view (FOV) of ~ 4 arcmins, on the sky, spectral resolving power (R) of 48,000 and a tunable wavelength bandpass range over . This instrument-telescope pairing is optimal for temporal observations of extended astronomical targets, e.g., cometary coma, when significant observing time is available since it provides high-resolution spectra from small input apertures. Khayyam’s approach contrasts with traditional high spectral resolution spectrometers that need to be coupled to large aperture telescopes to compensate for their low throughput. Based on our reference lamp results, we were able to formulate the undesirable impact of the spider pattern on the SHS data that prohibited us from acquiring spectra from our sky targets. However, more analysis is needed to investigate if we can create a framework to systematically eliminate the diffracted spider pattern shadow from the fringe pattern without compromising the integrity and quality of the data.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.j46qkf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 26 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Dendrobium umbellatum (Gaudich.) Rchb.f."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 26 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0169887-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nhnefs
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 28467 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Plethodon glutinosus (Green, 1818)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 28467 records from 73 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001518-150410134957023/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.