cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128882
title: Supplementary Material for: Irrational Beliefs and Psychological Distress: A Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Since the cognitive revolution of the early 1950s, cognitions have been discussed as central components in the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses. Even though there is an extensive literature on the association between therapy-related cognitions such as irrational beliefs and psychological distress over the past 60 years, there is little meta-analytical knowledge about the nature of this association. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The relationship between irrational beliefs and distress was examined based on a systematic review that included 100 independent samples, gathered in 83 primary studies, using a random-effect model. The overall effects as well as potential moderators were examined: (a) distress measure, (b) irrational belief measure, (c) irrational belief type, (d) method of assessment of distress, (e) nature of irrational beliefs, (f) time lag between irrational beliefs and distress assessment, (g) nature of stressful events, (h) sample characteristics (i.e. age, gender, income, and educational, marital, occupational and clinical status), (i) developer/validator status of the author(s), and (k) publication year and country. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, irrational beliefs were positively associated with various types of distress, such as general distress, anxiety, depression, anger, and guilt (omnibus: r = 0.38). The following variables were significant moderators of the relationship between the intensity of irrational beliefs and the level of distress: irrational belief measure and type, stressful event, age, educational and clinical status, and developer/validator status of the author. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Irrational beliefs and distress are moderately connected to each other; this relationship remains significant even after controlling for several potential covariates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128885
title: Supplementary Material for: Outborns or Inborns: Where Are the Differences? A Comparison Study of Very Preterm Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Infants Cared for in Australia and New Zealand and in Canada

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Very preterm infants born outside tertiary centers are at higher risks of adverse outcomes than inborn infants. Regionalization of perinatal care has been introduced worldwide to improve outcomes. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To compare the risk-adjusted outcomes of both inborn and outborn infants cared for in tertiary neonatal intensive care units in Australia and New Zealand and in Canada. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Deidentified data of infants &lt;32 weeks' gestational age from the 29 Australian and New Zealand Neonatal Network units (ANZNN; n = 9,893) and 26 Canadian Neonatal Network units (CNN; n = 7,133) between 2005 and 2007 were analyzed for predischarge adverse outcomes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> ANZNN had lower rates of outborns compared to CNN (13 vs. 19%), particularly of late admissions (&gt;2 days of age; 5.8 vs. 22.2% of outborns) who had high morbidity rates. After adjusting for confounding variables including gestation, ANZNN inborn infants had lower odds of chronic lung disease [CLD; 17.0 vs. 23.3%; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.64-0.77], severe neurological injuries on ultrasound (SNI; 4.1 vs. 6.7%; AOR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.53-0.73), severe retinopathy (5.6 vs. 7%; AOR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.59-0.84) and necrotizing enterocolitis (3.5 vs. 5.4%; AOR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.56-0.79), but no difference in mortality odds. After excluding the late outborn admissions, ANZNN outborns had lower odds of SNI (AOR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.32-0.58) and CLD (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.49-0.81) than CNN. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> ANZNN inborn and early admitted outborn infants had lower odds of neonatal morbidities than their CNN counterparts. However, compared to ANZNN, the higher CNN rates of outborns and their late admissions are likely related to the differences in regionalization and referral practices, and may explain differences in outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128888
title: Supplementary Material for: Efficient Identification of Null-Allele Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> At the beginning of a genome-wide association study, many markers are discarded because they fail to meet standard quality control criteria. Some of these markers are out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) because they have ‘null alleles' (which may be deletions or third alleles that do not hybridize to standard probes). It may be useful to identify null-allele markers so that they can be analyzed under different models or in order to explore regions of copy number variation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We present a model for the chip-based genotype data that are produced when a null-allele single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is genotyped under standard (2-allele) assumptions. We show that this model can be combined with the standard HWE model to develop classification procedures based on the supervised learning algorithms Support Vector Machines (SVM), Classification and Regression Trees (CART) or Random Forests for identifying null-allele SNPs. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We report a list of null-allele SNPs we identified on the Illumina 660W-Quad chip and provide suggestions for applying our CART model to other SNP sets. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Properly identified null-allele SNPs can be used to test for genotype-phenotype associations or to identify regions which may contain copy number variants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128891.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Chronic Kidney Disease and Functional Outcomes 6 Months after Ischemic Stroke: A Prospective Multicenter Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The aim of this study was to investigate whether chronic kidney disease (CKD) predicts the outcome of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and the Korean version of the modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) 6 months after stroke with adjustment for age, gender, education, smoking, drinking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, the FIM or K-MBI at discharge and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score 7 days post stroke. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study is an interim report of the Korean Stroke Cohort for Functioning and Rehabilitation. The sample included 2,037 ischemic stroke patients aged 18 years or older. The FIM and K-MBI scores were assessed at discharge and at 6 months after the onset of stroke. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation. CKD was defined as an eGFR &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, the mean age was 65.5 (±12.4) years. The proportion of men was 62.6%. The proportion of CKD cases was 12.7%. The means of the 6-month FIM and K-MBI were 109.8 (±27.9) and 87.0 (±26.4), respectively. In multiple linear regressions, the 6-month FIM after stroke was significantly associated with CKD (-2.85, p &lt; 0.05), age (-0.29, p &lt; 0.01), the FIM at discharge (0.46, p &lt; 0.01) and the 7-day NIHSS score (-1.71, p &lt; 0.01). Additionally, the post-stroke 6-month K-MBI was significantly associated with CKD (-2.88, p &lt; 0.01), age (-0.27, p &lt; 0.01), the K-MBI at discharge (0.46, p &lt; 0.01) and the 7-day NIHSS score (-1.55, p &lt; 0.01). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This nationwide hospital-based cohort study showed that CKD might predict poor 6-month FIM and K-MBI scores in ischemic stroke patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128888.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Efficient Identification of Null-Allele Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> At the beginning of a genome-wide association study, many markers are discarded because they fail to meet standard quality control criteria. Some of these markers are out of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) because they have ‘null alleles' (which may be deletions or third alleles that do not hybridize to standard probes). It may be useful to identify null-allele markers so that they can be analyzed under different models or in order to explore regions of copy number variation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We present a model for the chip-based genotype data that are produced when a null-allele single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is genotyped under standard (2-allele) assumptions. We show that this model can be combined with the standard HWE model to develop classification procedures based on the supervised learning algorithms Support Vector Machines (SVM), Classification and Regression Trees (CART) or Random Forests for identifying null-allele SNPs. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We report a list of null-allele SNPs we identified on the Illumina 660W-Quad chip and provide suggestions for applying our CART model to other SNP sets. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Properly identified null-allele SNPs can be used to test for genotype-phenotype associations or to identify regions which may contain copy number variants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128879
title: Supplementary Material for: Metabolic Interaction Potential between Clopidogrel and Sulfonylurea Antidiabetic Agents: Effects on Clopidogrel Bioactivation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Patients with diabetes have increased rates of cardiovascular events, and concomitant use of antidiabetic agents and clopidogrel may increase the risk for drug interactions. This study was undertaken to investigate the interaction potential between sulfonylurea drugs and clopidogrel, with an emphasis on key steps in the clopidogrel bioactivation processes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Inhibition of clopidogrel metabolism by sulfonylureas was evaluated by monitoring the formation of clopidogrel carboxylic acid and 2-oxo-clopidogrel in human liver microsomes (HLM), human intestinal microsomes and recombinant human enzymes. CYP2C9-based interaction was investigated for both 2-oxo-clopidogrel and glimepiride using HLM and the recombinant CYP2C9 system. <b><i>Results:</i></b> For the formation of clopidogrel carboxylic acid (the deactivation step) and 2-oxo-clopidogrel (the first step of bioactivation) in human microsomes, the inhibition potency of the 3 sulfonylurea drugs tested followed the order of glimepiride &gt; glipizide &gt; gliclazide. For the metabolism of 2-oxo-clopidogrel (the second step of bioactivation), glimepiride demonstrated a relatively strong inhibition against CYP2C9 activity (IC<sub>50</sub> 12.7 μmol/l). In addition, 2-oxo-clopidogrel displayed a moderate inhibitory effect toward the CYP2C9-mediated metabolism of glimepiride. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The moderate inhibition observed for clopidogrel bioactivation may not present a significant risk for drug-drug interactions between sulfonylureas and clopidogrel. While these findings bode well for multidrug therapies involving sulfonylureas and clopidogrel, clinical investigations are needed to define the clinical risk and benefit for combining these agents for the management of cardiovascular events in diabetic patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128870
title: Supplementary Material for: Retrospective Consent to Hemicraniectomy after Malignant Stroke among the Elderly, Despite Impaired Functional Outcome

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) after space-occupying strokes among patients older than 60 years has been shown to reduce mortality rates but at the cost of severe disability. There is an ongoing debate about what could be considered an acceptable outcome for these patients. Data about retrospective consent to the procedure after lengthy time periods are lacking. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study included 79 consecutive patients who underwent DHC during a 7.75-year period. Surviving patients were assessed for functional and psychological outcome, quality of life (QoL) and retrospective consent for the procedure. Patients younger than 60 years were compared with older patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of our 79 patients, 44 were younger than 60 years (median 50 years, interquartile range (IQR) 19-59 years) and 35 were older (median 68 years, interquartile range 60-87 years). The 30-day mortality rate was higher for the older group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Functional outcome was significantly better in the younger group: 31% of the patients in this group vs. 10% in the older group had a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-3 (p = 0.046). The mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 17 ± 14 for the younger group and 29 ± 15 for the older group (p = 0.002). On the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, with the exception of the item ‘General health', the older group reported higher values for all items, with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups on the items ‘Role limitation emotional' (p = 0.0007) and ‘Vitality' (p = 0.02). In the younger group, 29% of patients retrospectively declined consent for DHC opposed to 0% of patients in the older group (p = 0.07). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Despite impaired functional outcome after DHC, indicators of QoL and retrospective consent are higher for patients older than 60 years over the long term. This finding should be taken into account by those who counsel patients and caregivers with regard to this serious procedure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128876
title: Supplementary Material for: Prevalence and Clinical Relevance of IgE Sensitization to Profilin in Childhood: A Multicenter Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Little is known about the prevalence and clinical relevance of hypersensitivity to the plant panallergen profilin in children. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The present study aimed to investigate prevalence, risk factors and clinical relevance of profilin sensitization in a large cohort of Italian children of different ages living in different geographic areas. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Children with pollen allergy enrolled by 16 pediatric outpatient clinics sited in three main geographic areas of Italy were studied. SPT were carried out with commercial pollen extracts and a commercial purified date palm pollen profilin. IgE specific for allergenic pollen molecules, Phl p 12 (grass profilin) and Pru p 3 (peach lipid transfer protein) were tested by ImmunoCAP FEIA. <b><i>Results:</i></b> IgE to Phl p 12 (≥0.35 kU/l) was observed in 296 of the 1,271 participants (23%), including 17 of the 108 (16%) preschool children. Profilin SPT was positive (≥3 mm) in 320/1,271 (25%) participants. The two diagnostic methods were concordant in 1,151 (91%, p &lt; 0.0001) cases. Phl p 12 IgE prevalence declined from northern to southern Italy and was directly associated with IgE to Phl p 1 and/or Phl p 5 and Ole e 1. Among children with IgE to Phl p 12, OAS was provoked by kiwi, melon, watermelon, banana, apricot and cucumber. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Profilin sensitization is very frequent among pollen-allergic children, occurs at a very young age and contributes to the development of childhood OAS with a typical pattern of offending foods. Pediatricians should always consider IgE sensitization to profilin while examining pollen-allergic children, even if they are at preschool age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128867
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of Serum Cytokine Levels on EEG-Measured Arousal Regulation in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Healthy Controls

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> In major depressive disorder (MDD), findings include hyperstable regulation of brain arousal measured by electroencephalography (EEG) vigilance analysis and alterations in serum levels of cytokines. It is also known that cytokines affect sleep-wake regulation. This study investigated the relationship between cytokines and EEG vigilance in participants with MDD and nondepressed controls, and the influence of cytokines on differences in vigilance between the two groups. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In 60 patients with MDD and 129 controls, 15-min resting-state EEG recordings were performed and vigilance was automatically assessed with the VIGALL 2.0 (Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig). Serum levels of the wakefulness-promoting cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10, IL-13 and somnogenic cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ and IL-2 were measured prior to the EEG. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Summed wakefulness-promoting cytokines, but not somnogenic cytokines, were significantly associated with the time course of EEG vigilance in the MDD group only. In both groups, IL-13 was significantly associated with the course of EEG vigilance. In MDD compared to controls, a hyperstable EEG vigilance regulation was found, significant for group and group × time course interaction. After controlling for wakefulness-promoting cytokines, differences in vigilance regulation between groups remained significant. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The present study demonstrated a relationship between wakefulness-promoting cytokines and objectively measured EEG vigilance as an indicator for brain arousal. Altered brain arousal regulation in MDD gives support for future evaluation of vigilance measures as a biomarker in MDD. Since interactions between cytokines and EEG vigilance only moderately differed between the groups and cytokine levels could not explain the group differences in EEG vigilance regulation, cytokines and brain arousal regulation are likely to be associated with MDD in independent ways.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128882.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Irrational Beliefs and Psychological Distress: A Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Since the cognitive revolution of the early 1950s, cognitions have been discussed as central components in the understanding and treatment of mental illnesses. Even though there is an extensive literature on the association between therapy-related cognitions such as irrational beliefs and psychological distress over the past 60 years, there is little meta-analytical knowledge about the nature of this association. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The relationship between irrational beliefs and distress was examined based on a systematic review that included 100 independent samples, gathered in 83 primary studies, using a random-effect model. The overall effects as well as potential moderators were examined: (a) distress measure, (b) irrational belief measure, (c) irrational belief type, (d) method of assessment of distress, (e) nature of irrational beliefs, (f) time lag between irrational beliefs and distress assessment, (g) nature of stressful events, (h) sample characteristics (i.e. age, gender, income, and educational, marital, occupational and clinical status), (i) developer/validator status of the author(s), and (k) publication year and country. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall, irrational beliefs were positively associated with various types of distress, such as general distress, anxiety, depression, anger, and guilt (omnibus: r = 0.38). The following variables were significant moderators of the relationship between the intensity of irrational beliefs and the level of distress: irrational belief measure and type, stressful event, age, educational and clinical status, and developer/validator status of the author. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Irrational beliefs and distress are moderately connected to each other; this relationship remains significant even after controlling for several potential covariates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128864
title: Supplementary Material for: Reduction of Caloric Intake Might Override the Prosteatotic Effects of the <b><i>PNPLA3</i></b> p.I148M and <b><i>TM6SF2</i></b> p.E167K Variants in Patients with Fatty Liver: Ultrasound-Based Prospective Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The adiponutrin <i>(PNPLA3)</i> p.I148M and transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 <i>(TM6SF2)</i> p.E167K variants represent risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we assessed the effects of caloric restriction on liver phenotypes in NAFLD patients in relation to the <i>PNPLA3</i> and <i>TM6SF2</i> genotypes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We genotyped both variants in 143 individuals with NAFLD (55 females, age 18-74 years) and 180 controls (85 females, age 33-66 years). Liver steatosis was assessed using the ultrasound-based Hamaguchi score. A 4-month dietetic intervention, consisting of restriction of daily caloric intake without changes in physical activity, was performed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Both <i>PNPLA3</i> (p = 0.002) and <i>TM6SF2</i> (p = 0.041) variants were associated with NAFLD before intervention. Overall, 88 patients completed the intervention, which led to a significant decrease of steatosis, ALT activities, body mass index, hip and waist circumferences, and waist-hip ratio (all p &lt; 0.0001). Hepatic steatosis and anthropometric traits improved significantly (p &lt; 0.05) in carriers of either <i>PNPLA3</i> or <i>TM6SF2</i> risk genotype. The improvement of phenotypic traits, apart from WHR (p = 0.02), was not modified by the presence of <i>PNPLA3</i> or <i>TM6SF2</i> variants. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The <i>PNPLA3</i> and <i>TM6SF2</i> polymorphisms are associated with NAFLD assessed by the Hamaguchi score. Neither <i>PNPLA3</i> nor <i>TM6SF2</i> risk alleles impair the response to dietetic intervention in NAFLD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128870.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Retrospective Consent to Hemicraniectomy after Malignant Stroke among the Elderly, Despite Impaired Functional Outcome

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) after space-occupying strokes among patients older than 60 years has been shown to reduce mortality rates but at the cost of severe disability. There is an ongoing debate about what could be considered an acceptable outcome for these patients. Data about retrospective consent to the procedure after lengthy time periods are lacking. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study included 79 consecutive patients who underwent DHC during a 7.75-year period. Surviving patients were assessed for functional and psychological outcome, quality of life (QoL) and retrospective consent for the procedure. Patients younger than 60 years were compared with older patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of our 79 patients, 44 were younger than 60 years (median 50 years, interquartile range (IQR) 19-59 years) and 35 were older (median 68 years, interquartile range 60-87 years). The 30-day mortality rate was higher for the older group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Functional outcome was significantly better in the younger group: 31% of the patients in this group vs. 10% in the older group had a modified Rankin Scale score of 0-3 (p = 0.046). The mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 17 ± 14 for the younger group and 29 ± 15 for the older group (p = 0.002). On the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, with the exception of the item ‘General health', the older group reported higher values for all items, with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups on the items ‘Role limitation emotional' (p = 0.0007) and ‘Vitality' (p = 0.02). In the younger group, 29% of patients retrospectively declined consent for DHC opposed to 0% of patients in the older group (p = 0.07). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Despite impaired functional outcome after DHC, indicators of QoL and retrospective consent are higher for patients older than 60 years over the long term. This finding should be taken into account by those who counsel patients and caregivers with regard to this serious procedure.