DOI: 10.17188/1712064
title: Materials Data on LiTi2O4 by Materials Project

description: LiTi2O4 crystallizes in the monoclinic Pm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–9°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.54 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–9°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.54 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 6–16°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.47 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with eight TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 6–16°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.46 Å. There are eight inequivalent Ti+3.50+ sites. In the first Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with four TiO6 octahedra, and edges with five LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–18°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.21 Å. In the second Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with four TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 9–19°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.12 Å. In the third Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with four TiO6 octahedra, and edges with five LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–17°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.21 Å. In the fourth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with four TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 9–18°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.13 Å. In the fifth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with four TiO6 octahedra, and edges with five LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 6–17°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.20 Å. In the sixth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with four TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–18°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.14 Å. In the seventh Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO6 octahedra, corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with four TiO6 octahedra, and edges with five LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 6–17°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.21 Å. In the eighth Ti+3.50+ site, Ti+3.50+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form TiO6 octahedra that share corners with four TiO6 octahedra, edges with three LiO6 octahedra, and edges with four TiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 8–18°. There are a spread of Ti–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.14 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form distorted OLi3Ti3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, edges with three OLi3Ti3 octahedra, edges with five OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent OLiTi3 trigonal pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 16°. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form distorted OLi3Ti3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, edges with three OLi3Ti3 octahedra, edges with five OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, and edges with two equivalent OLiTi3 trigonal pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 16°. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form distorted OLi2Ti3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, a cornercorner with one OLiTi3 trigonal pyramid, edges with five OLi3Ti3 octahedra, and edges with three OLi2Ti3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–10°. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to one Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form distorted OLi2Ti3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, a cornercorner with one OLiTi3 trigonal pyramid, edges with five OLi3Ti3 octahedra, and edges with three OLi2Ti3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–10°. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted see-saw-like geometry to one Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form distorted OLi3Ti3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, edges with three OLi3Ti3 octahedra, edges with five OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, and an edgeedge with one OLiTi3 trigonal pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 8°. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form OLi3Ti3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, edges with three OLi3Ti3 octahedra, edges with five OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, and an edgeedge with one OLiTi3 trigonal pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 8°. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a T-shaped geometry to three Ti+3.50+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form OLi2Ti3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, a cornercorner with one OLiTi3 trigonal pyramid, edges with five OLi3Ti3 octahedra, and edges with three OLi2Ti3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–12°. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form OLiTi3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with two OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent OLiTi3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with three OLi3Ti3 octahedra. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form OLi2Ti3 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent OLi3Ti3 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, a cornercorner with one OLiTi3 trigonal pyramid, edges with five OLi3Ti3 octahedra, and edges with three OLi2Ti3 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–11°. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Li1+ and three Ti+3.50+ atoms to form OLiTi3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with two OLi2Ti3 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent OLiTi3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with three OLi3Ti3 octahedra.