cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83742
title: Watercolor of a woman by a window, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "'Indian Scenes' Series: 2. A South Indian Biblewoman.  From a Water-Colour Drawing by F.A. Baker."  This is a reproduction of a watercolor of a woman sitting next to a window.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83738
title: Girls and women gathered outside the Loretto Convent, Darjiling, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Loretto Convent.  Darjeeling [Darjiling]."  Girls and women are gathered outside the Loretto Convent.  Some carry tennis, or possibly squash, rackets.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83749
title: Convent buildings and Women carrying water jugs with their children, Salem, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Salem. - Couvent indigène et préparation d'un reposoir pour la Fête-Dieu.  Salem (Indes). - Porteuses d'eau."  There are two photographs printed here.  The first depicts the convent and preparation of the repository for Corpus Christi.  It is an aerial view mostly of the buildings, with a few people on one side.  The second depicts three women carrying water jugs on their heads, one woman holding a child, and two other children in the foreground, with other people walking in the background.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83734
title: A student and a baptized man, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  Université St Joseph. 25. - Un étudiant Brahme Telougou, sectateur de Siva.  Antoni Issar, Brahme Punjab, baptisé à Trichinopoly."  The first man pictured is a Telugu Brahmin student and follower of Siva.  The second man is Antoni Issar, a Punjab Brahman, who was baptized at Trichinopoly.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83747
title: Mother and daughter cleaning pots, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  3. - En famille, nettoyage des utensiles."  A mother is cleaning a pot with her foot in front of a thatched-roof house.  Her daughter, squatting on the ground, looks up at the woman.  Additional information on the back indicates that postcard was printed in Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83740
title: Portrait of a woman, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Mission des Soeurs de St-Joseph de Lyon au Maduré [Madura] (Inde).  1 - Jeune Mariée au beau Sari Soyeux."  A young woman stands in front of a wall hanging, dressed in traditional clothes.  Additional information reads, "Véritable Photo au Bromure - Reprod. Interdite.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83735
title: Two boys in front of statue of Karouppon, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  6. - Le dieu Karouppon dans la pagode de Madura."  Two boys stand in front of a large statue of the god Karouppon in the pagoda of Madura.  The God is sitting on a decorated horse, lifting its front legs, with statues of smaller people connected to the bottom of the large horse.  Additional information on the back indicates that postcard was printed in Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83744
title: School children with books made from palm leaves, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  2. - Écoliers chrétiens - Leurs livres sont en feuilles de palmier."  Six children pose for the camera in front of a stone wall.  Three are standing behind the three other sitting on the ground.  They are students at a Christian school and are holding books made of palm leaves.  Their clothes are quite tattered.  Additional information on the back indicates that postcard was printed in Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83748
title: Indigenous people around a statue of Ayampalayam, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  16. A AYAMPALAYAM, le génie protecteur des champs."  Men and women pose around a large statue of the god Ayampalayam, the protector of the fields.  Additional information on the back indicates that postcard was printed in Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83741
title: Pyramid of the temple of Minàcci, India, ca.1920-1940

description: MIssioni Salesiane di Tanjore - India - Serie II.  16. - Madura - Una delle quattro piramidi (m. 50) del tempio di Minàcci (la dea degli occhi di pesce)."  One of the four large pyramids of the temple of Minàcci (the goddess of the fish eyes) looms over smaller buildings around it and people wandering in the street below.  On the back is printed a quote from Sac. Giovanni Bosco regarding the good work of Missions.  It reads, "Colla vostra carità abbiamo stabilite le Missioni sino agli ultimi confini della terra."  This postcard was published by "Società Editrice Internazionale - Torino.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83743
title: Children in an outdoor classroom, Krishnagar, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Missions Salésiennes.  Indes II.  5. Diocèse de Krishnagar - Classe en plein air."  Children look up from their desks in an outdoor classroom at the Diocese of Krishnagar.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83746
title: A missionary bandages a girl's ankle, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus.  Chanoinesses - Missionnaires de Saint-Augustin."  A missionary of St. Augustine bandages a girl's ankle in front of a wooden house.  Additional information on the back, indicating that the postcard was printed in Belgium, reads "Heverlee-bij-Leuven" and "Ern. Thill, Brussel.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83737
title: Women and children selling pottery, Kollam, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Missioni dei Carmelitani Scalzi.  Serie II. - Quilon [Kollam] (Indie Orientali).  N. 10. - Usi e costumi - Venditori di terraglie."  Women and children stand and sit among pots and bowls, selling pottery.  The back indicates that this card was printed in Milan, Italy.  There is also a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83750
title: Aerial view of Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Missioni Salesiane di Tanjore - India - Serie II.  15. - Madura - Città indiana a volo d'uccello."  This bird's-eye view of Madura, India prominently displays three large towers that are part of their temples.  On the back is printed a quote from Sac. Giovanni Bosco regarding the good work of Missions.  It reads, "Colla vostra carità abbiamo stabilite le Missioni sino agli ultimi confini della terra."  This postcard was published by "Società Editrice Internazionale - Torino.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83739
title: Christians listening to a bishop's sermon and their church building, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Chrétiens écoutant le sermon de l'évêque.  Une chapelle de secours construite par les chrétiens."    The upper picture shows Christians listening to a sermon given by the bishop.  The lower picture shows a chapel built by Christians, with many people crowded in front of the building.  The postcard was printed in Calvados, France.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83751
title: Father missionary speaking to a group of people, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Il Padre Missionario che calechizza gl'Indiani."  A Father missionary speaks to a group of indigenous people, including men, women, and children.  They are standing and squatting outside.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83752
title: Missionary and indigenous people on a hiking trip, Tiruchchirappalli, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Series XVII. - 3. Half-way to Rock's Top Mantapan, Trichinopoly [Tiruchchirappalli]."  A group of people with a missionary stand in a portico partway up a mountain, overlooking the scenery below.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was printed to benefit the Industrial Schools in southern India.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83753
title: A nurse with her patients, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Inde. - Aux pansements Quelques-unes de nos petites malades avec leur infirmière Soeur Marie-Thérèse."  The nurse, Sister Mary-Theresa, poses with some of her young patients.  One child lays on a bench, another sits on the same bench, and three others stand next to Sister Mary-Theresa.  They are all outside.  Additional information indicates where the card was printed for the "Congrégation de Saint-Joseph de Cluny, 21, Rue Méchain, Paris."  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83754
title: Two boys with leprosy, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Catéchistes Missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée. - La misére indienne.  7. Léproserie du Sacré-Coeur. - Deux grands malades."  Two boys, afflicted with leprosy and malnourished, stare at the camera.  They are dressed in rags.  The postcard also notes the publisher as, "Regnault, photo - Orléans.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83755
title: Two girls eating, Puducherry, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Pondichéry [Puducherry] (Inde). - Deux gentilles Filleules."   Two young girls are sitting on the ground outside with food in front of them.  One girl is holding a doll.   Additional information indicates where the card was printed for the "Congrégation de Saint-Joseph de Cluny, 21, Rue Méchain, Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83756
title: Bhils youth fife and drum band, Rajasthan, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Les Capucins français aux Indes.  La Mission du Sacré-Coeur au Rajputana [Rajasthan].  La clique de l'école de Mickhelpura, chez les Bhils."  A fife and drum band of young boys with their teacher pose for the camera.  The boys are from the tribal people known as Bhils.  They are all dressed alike and standing in front of a building.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was printed in Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83757
title: Indigenous camp, Bengaluru, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "11.  Catéchistes Missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée. - Bengalore [Bengaluru].  En expédition: campement indien."  Indigenous people and a missionary all work in an indigenous camp.  Some food preparation items are visible, as well as piles of goods.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83758
title: Children doing handicrafts with nuns, Puducherry, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Pondichéry [Puducherry] (Inde). - Ouvroir de la Sainte Enfance."  Many children are gathered with nuns.  Some are sitting on steps, some standing at a table, and others gathered around.  All are in front of a building.  There is a woman sitting off to the side, watching the children.  They all appear to be doing handicrafts, such as making lace.  Additional information indicates that the postcard was published in Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83759
title: Grandmother and child, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  An elderly woman looks at a child, who in turn is looking at the camera.  The woman could be the child's grandmother.  The woman is clothed, but the child is nude.  Additional information on the back indicates that the postcard was published in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83760
title: Elderly couple, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  An elderly couple dressed in traditional clothing stares into the camera.  The man is holding a spear.  They are outside.  Additional information on the back indicates that the postcard was published in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83761
title: Children with fish, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  Two boys and a girl pose for the camera.  One of the boys is carrying two fish in his hand.  They are outside.  Additional information on the back indicates that the postcard was published in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83762
title: Woman carrying boy, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  A woman carries a boy on her hip.  Presumably they are mother and son.  They are standing outside.  Additional information on the back indicates that the postcard was published in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83763
title: Three male missionaries, Bangladesh, ca.1920-1940

description: "Serie X - India.  5. - Come vestono I Missionari nel Bengala (India)."  Three male missionaries pose in order to demonstrate what missionaries in Bangladesh ought to wear.  They are wearing Asian sun hats, robes, rope belts, and they are carrying walking sticks.  Information on the back indicates that this postcard was published in Rome, Italy.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83764
title: A missionary among indigenous people, Punjab, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Missiën der Paters Capucijnen: Pundjab [Punjab] (Ind.). Een vaste Missiepost."  At this mission post of the Capuchin Fathers, men, women, and children are gathered outside buildings made of mud.  A missionary stands in their midst.  Animals are also around them.  Information on the back asks that monetary donations be made to a center in Antwerp in the name of MIssions.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83765
title: Two girls, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  Two girls sit on a pile of earth and hay outside, staring at the camera.  Additional information on the back indicates that the postcard was published in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83766
title: Three elderly women, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  Three elderly women pose for the camera in front of buildings with large thatched rooves.  Additional information on the back indicates that the postcard was published in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83767
title: Male beggar, Chennai, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "14. Un mendiant à Madras [Chennai]."  A beggar holds a noise-making device and a bucket.  His shadow is cast on the wall behind him.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was printed in Brussels, Belgium.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83768
title: Orphans playing outside an orphanage, Bengaluru, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Catéchistes Missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée. - "Nos petits Indiens". - 13. - A l'Orphelinat de Bangalore [Bengaluru]."  Children hold hands, stand in groups, and play outside an the orphanage in Bengaluru.  Some of them are standing on the porch of a large building with columns supporting the roof.  Most of the children are girls.  A few missionaries are in their midst.  The postcard also notes the publisher as, "Regnault, Photo - Orléans.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83769
title: Three men milling lime, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "India - Serie Iia - 19.  Macina per la calce."  Three teenage boys drive a pair of animals to mill lime.  The back of the postcard indicates that it was published in Milan, Italy.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83770
title: Missionaries teaching students about Christ's sacrifice, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  22. - Leçon de catéchisme: Il a donné sa vie pour nous."  Missionaries are standing before a group of children, teaching them the catechism.  The teacher is using a picture on an easel of Christ dying on the cross.  The students are sitting with their backs toward the camera, facing the teacher.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was printed in Paris, France.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83771
title: Two men stopping along a road, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "India (Serie 1 - N. 16) - Una sosta nel viaggio."  Two men stop on their journey along a path.  They are overlooking a beautiful vista.  This postcard was published by "Il Pontificio Istituto delle Missioni Estere" in Milan, Italy.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83772
title: Children in front of Teppakoulam sacred pond, Tiruchchirappalli, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  20. - Le Teppakoulam, étang sacré de Siva l'église du collège de Trichinopoly [Tiruchchirappalli]."  Three young children and two slightly older children stand and sit beside the Teppakoulam sacred pond.  The tower for the church college of Siva is in the background, as well as other surrounding buildings.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was published in Paris, France.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83773
title: Missionary teaching the catechism to indigenous people, Kumbakonam, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Catéchistes Missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée - Kumbakonam (Hindoustan [Hindustan]). - Instruction des Catechumènes de l'Hospice."  A missionary teaches the catechism to elderly men and wome, a few younger men and women, and a child.  They are seated outside in front of a thatched-roof house and beside a well.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83774
title: Two missionaries crossing a river, Kumbakonam, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Catéchistes Missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée - Kumbakonam (Hindoustan [Hindustan]) - Vers un Village."  Two missionaries are crossing a river on a large log on their way to a village.  A few children stand on the bank of the river, and one stands in the water.  The postcard also notes the publisher as, "Regnault, Photo - Orléans.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83775
title: Children hiking, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  Three children with belongings strapped to their backs are walking down a path with walking sticks.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was published in Belgium.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83776
title: Orphaned girls, Mulagumudu, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Indes Anglaises - Les pius jeunes orphelines de Mulagamudu [Mulagumudu]."  Young orphaned girls stand on the steps of their orphanage to pose for the camera with a missionary standing beside them.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83777
title: The temple of the goddess Minatchi, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  1. - A Madura, le temple de la déesse Minatchi, femme de Siva."  The temple of the goddess Minatchi, a woman of Siva, is depicted.  There are four tall, ornate towers, rising above shorter buildings.  Additional information indicates that the postcard was published in Paris.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83778
title: Male students, Punjab, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Missiën der Paters Capucijnen: Pundjab [Punjab] (Ind.).  Een Missieschool."  Young boys and teenage boys pose outside for the camera with their teacher.  They are students in a mission school.   Information on the back asks that monetary donations be made to a center in Antwerp in the name of missions.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83779
title: Missionary and Brahmin boys, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Series XXIII. - I. Missionary and Brahmin converts."  The word converts is crossed out and replaced with "boys."  Brahmin boys pose for the camera with a missionary in front of foliage.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83780
title: Oxen pulling a covered cart for a missionary, Chennai, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Missions Salésiennes.  Indes II.  3. Archidiocèse de Madras [Chennai] - La voiture du missionnaire, souvent… de l'Archevêque."  Oxen pull a large, covered cart.  This kind of cart is for missionaries - usually the Archbishop.  One man stands near the cart, and another stands between the oxen.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was published in Lyon, France.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83781
title: Promontory of Tanjong in Singapore, ca. 1920-1940

description: "India (Serie I - N. 1) - Il promontorio di Tanjong a Singapore."   The promontory of Tanjong in Singapore is pictured here.  It is a cabin with a thatched roof cover both it and a porch.  The entire structure is on stilts in the water.   This postcard was published by "Il Pontificio Istituto delle Missioni Estere" in Milan, Italy.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83782
title: Young men driving a wagon with a missionary, Madura, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Mission du Maduré [Madura].  24. - En tournée apostolique."  Two young men are sitting in a covered wagon, pulled by oxen.  One of them is steering the oxen.  A missionary stands next to the wagon.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was printed in Paris, France.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83783
title: Family portrait, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "C. - Missions de l'Inde - Famille de Parsis, adoratrice du feu."  A family poses for the camera.  The family includes a mother, father, to young women, one young man, and two children.  They are standing in front of the steps of a building.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83784
title: Novitiate Sisters, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "2. Noviciat des Soeurs indigènes."  Novitiate Sisters pose for the camera.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83785
title: Men and women, Chota Nagpur Plateau, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Inboorlingen uit Chota Nagpore.  Pater Lievens verwekte onder de Moenda's en Oeraons van Chota Nagpore een machtige bekeeringsbeweging."  Native men and women from the Chota Nagpur Plateau pose for the camera.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83786
title: Two female pariahs, Kumbakonam, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Catéchistes Missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée - Kumbakonam.  Un jeune Ménage Paria, Chrétien."  Two young, female pariahs are being cleansed in front of a church.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83787
title: Transporting missionaries across a river, Kumbakonam, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "15. Catéchistes Missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée - Kumbakonam - Hindoustan [Hindustan].  En expédition.  Passage du fleuve - de la charette au 'parissou.'"  Men, women, and children are helping to ferry missionaries across a river.  They are in some sort of raft, and their wagon rolls beside them in the river.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83788
title: Two girls, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  Two girls pose for the camera outside.  They are dressed in relatively formal native clothing.  Additional information indicates that this postcard was printed in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83789
title: Missionary and two girls, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  A missionary poses with two girls.  They are standing on some rocks, partway up a hillside.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83790
title: Women and girls making lace with missionaries, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "7. Les dentellières."  Girls and young women sit on the ground, making lace.  Two missionaries stand among them, watching them make lace.  They are outside a building.  "Congrégation des Filles de la Croix de Liége" is printed on the back.  There is a handwritten note on the back.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83791
title: Young and elderly women, India, ca.1920-1940

description: Young women and elderly women pose for the camera in front of a building.  Some are native and some are European.  Presumably they are missionaries.  "Congrégation des Filles de la Croix de Liége" is printed on the back.  The postcard was printed in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83792
title: Woman with bowls on her head and child, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  A woman carries bowls on her head.  A child is strapped to her back.  This postcard was published in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83793
title: Personal letter of Father Lievens, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Eigenhandig geschreven brief van Pater Lievens (Eerste deel)."  The first part of a personal letter written by Father Lievens is reproduced on this postcard.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83794
title: Women from Torpa, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Indigènes de Torpa."  Women pose for the camera with white blankets wrapped around them and flowers in their hair.  They are outdoors.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83795
title: Women and children with two missionaries, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  Children and women gather with two missionaries in front of a thatched-roof home.  This postcard was printed in Brussels.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-83796
title: Indigenous people with a missionary, India, ca.1920-1940

description: "Kanunnikessen - Missiezusters van den H. Augustinus."  A missionary poses with men, women, and a child outside a thatched-roof home.  This postcard was printed in Brussels.