cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667106.v1
title: Natural environmental water sources in endemic regions of northeastern Brazil are potential reservoirs of viable Mycobacterium leprae

description: BACKGROUND The detection of live Mycobacterium leprae in soil and animals other than humans suggests that the environment plays a role in the transmission of leprosy. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of viable M. leprae in natural water sources used by the local population in five municipalities in the state of Ceará, northeastern Brazil. METHODS Samples were collected from 30 different sources. Viable bacilli were identified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the M. leprae gyrA gene and sequencing of the PCR products. Physicochemical properties of each water source were also assessed. FINDINGS M. leprae gyrA mRNA was found in 23 (76.7%) of the water sources. No association was found between depth of the water and sample positivity, nor was there any association between the type of water used by the population and sample positivity. An association between viable M. leprae and temperature and pH was found. Georeferencing showed a relation between the residences of leprosy cases and water source containing the bacterium. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The finding of viable M. leprae in natural water sources associated with human contact suggests that the environment plays an important role in maintaining endemic leprosy in the study region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667103
title: Proton spectroscopy of the thalamus in a homogeneous sample of patients with easy-to-control juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

description: Abstract Objective: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a subtype of genetically determined generalized epilepsy that does not present abnormalities on conventional magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this study was to identify metabolic alterations in the thalamus in a clinically homogeneous sample of patients with easy-to-control JME, using short-echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Materials and Methods: We performed single-voxel (2 cm × 2 cm × 2 cm), short-echo time (TE = 35 ms) proton MRS of the thalamus in 21 patients with JME and in 14 healthy age-matched controls. We quantified N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total NAA, creatine (Cr), choline, and myo-inositol (MI), as well as the sum of glutamate and glutamine signals, all scaled to internal water content, and we calculated metabolite ratios using Cr as a reference. Values of p &lt; 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The MI level and the MI/Cr ratio were significantly lower in the thalami of patients diagnosed with JME than in those of the controls. Other metabolites and their ratios did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: In our sample of 21 JME patients, we identified lower levels of MI in the thalamus. No significant abnormalities were observed in the concentrations or ratios of other metabolites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667103.v1
title: Proton spectroscopy of the thalamus in a homogeneous sample of patients with easy-to-control juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

description: Abstract Objective: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a subtype of genetically determined generalized epilepsy that does not present abnormalities on conventional magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this study was to identify metabolic alterations in the thalamus in a clinically homogeneous sample of patients with easy-to-control JME, using short-echo time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Materials and Methods: We performed single-voxel (2 cm × 2 cm × 2 cm), short-echo time (TE = 35 ms) proton MRS of the thalamus in 21 patients with JME and in 14 healthy age-matched controls. We quantified N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total NAA, creatine (Cr), choline, and myo-inositol (MI), as well as the sum of glutamate and glutamine signals, all scaled to internal water content, and we calculated metabolite ratios using Cr as a reference. Values of p &lt; 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The MI level and the MI/Cr ratio were significantly lower in the thalami of patients diagnosed with JME than in those of the controls. Other metabolites and their ratios did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: In our sample of 21 JME patients, we identified lower levels of MI in the thalamus. No significant abnormalities were observed in the concentrations or ratios of other metabolites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667100
title: Structural and Magnetic Properties of Duplex Stainless steel (UNS S31803) Powders Obtained by high Energy Milling of Chips with Additions of NbC

description: In this study, the high energy mechanical milling was utilized to the production of duplex stainless steel powders from the recycling chips with and without the addition niobium carbide. The effect of milling time and addition carbide on the morphology, particle size and magnetic properties of the powders was investigated. The utilization of the powder metallurgy constitute an important alternative for the reuse of waste in the industrial sector. The milling was realized using a planetary ball mill for 20 hours at a milling speed of 350 rpm and ball-to-powder weight ratio of 15:1were used, and the (0% and 3 wt. %) niobium carbide (NbC) addition. Scanning electron microscopy and particle distribution analysis were used for characterization of morphology and measure of particle size. Also, to analyze the transformations of phases were investigated using the magnetic characterization and x-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the addition of niobium carbide results in the reduction of the particle size of steel of the order of 20%, besides the reduces the transformation of austenite into strain induced martensitic phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667100.v1
title: Structural and Magnetic Properties of Duplex Stainless steel (UNS S31803) Powders Obtained by high Energy Milling of Chips with Additions of NbC

description: In this study, the high energy mechanical milling was utilized to the production of duplex stainless steel powders from the recycling chips with and without the addition niobium carbide. The effect of milling time and addition carbide on the morphology, particle size and magnetic properties of the powders was investigated. The utilization of the powder metallurgy constitute an important alternative for the reuse of waste in the industrial sector. The milling was realized using a planetary ball mill for 20 hours at a milling speed of 350 rpm and ball-to-powder weight ratio of 15:1were used, and the (0% and 3 wt. %) niobium carbide (NbC) addition. Scanning electron microscopy and particle distribution analysis were used for characterization of morphology and measure of particle size. Also, to analyze the transformations of phases were investigated using the magnetic characterization and x-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the addition of niobium carbide results in the reduction of the particle size of steel of the order of 20%, besides the reduces the transformation of austenite into strain induced martensitic phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667097
title: Parenteral adjuvant potential of recombinant B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin

description: BACKGROUND The B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) is a potent mucosal immune adjuvant. However, there is little information about LTB's potential as a parenteral adjuvant. OBJECTIVES We aimed at evaluating and better understanding rLTB's potential as a parenteral adjuvant using the fused R1 repeat of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae P97 adhesin as an antigen to characterise the humoral immune response induced by this construct and comparing it to that generated when aluminium hydroxide is used as adjuvant instead. METHODS BALB/c mice were immunised intraperitoneally with either rLTBR1 or recombinant R1 adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide. The levels of systemic anti-rR1 antibodies (total Ig, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ratio of IgG1 and IgG2a was used to characterise a Th1, Th2, or mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. FINDINGS Western blot confirmed rR1, either alone or fused to LTB, remained antigenic; anti-cholera toxin ELISA confirmed that LTB retained its activity when expressed in a heterologous system. Mice immunised with the rLTBR1 fusion protein produced approximately twice as much anti-rR1 immunoglobulins as mice vaccinated with rR1 adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide. Animals vaccinated with either rLTBR1 or rR1 adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide presented a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. We speculate this might be a result of rR1 immune modulation rather than adjuvant modulation. Mice immunised with rLTBR1 produced approximately 1.5-fold more serum IgA than animals immunised with rR1 and aluminium hydroxide. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that rLTB is a more powerful parenteral adjuvant than aluminium hydroxide when administered intraperitoneally as it induced higher antibody titres. Therefore, we recommend that rLTB be considered an alternative adjuvant, even if different administration routes are employed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667097.v1
title: Parenteral adjuvant potential of recombinant B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin

description: BACKGROUND The B subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LTB) is a potent mucosal immune adjuvant. However, there is little information about LTB's potential as a parenteral adjuvant. OBJECTIVES We aimed at evaluating and better understanding rLTB's potential as a parenteral adjuvant using the fused R1 repeat of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae P97 adhesin as an antigen to characterise the humoral immune response induced by this construct and comparing it to that generated when aluminium hydroxide is used as adjuvant instead. METHODS BALB/c mice were immunised intraperitoneally with either rLTBR1 or recombinant R1 adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide. The levels of systemic anti-rR1 antibodies (total Ig, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ratio of IgG1 and IgG2a was used to characterise a Th1, Th2, or mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. FINDINGS Western blot confirmed rR1, either alone or fused to LTB, remained antigenic; anti-cholera toxin ELISA confirmed that LTB retained its activity when expressed in a heterologous system. Mice immunised with the rLTBR1 fusion protein produced approximately twice as much anti-rR1 immunoglobulins as mice vaccinated with rR1 adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide. Animals vaccinated with either rLTBR1 or rR1 adsorbed onto aluminium hydroxide presented a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response. We speculate this might be a result of rR1 immune modulation rather than adjuvant modulation. Mice immunised with rLTBR1 produced approximately 1.5-fold more serum IgA than animals immunised with rR1 and aluminium hydroxide. MAIN CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that rLTB is a more powerful parenteral adjuvant than aluminium hydroxide when administered intraperitoneally as it induced higher antibody titres. Therefore, we recommend that rLTB be considered an alternative adjuvant, even if different administration routes are employed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667094
title: INFLUENCE OF VERTICAL JUMP IN THE PERCEPTION OF THE INTERNAL VOLLEYBALL TRAINING LOAD

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: In volleyball, vertical jump is considered an extremely important element in training, since it is necessary during setting, serve, block, and attack, determining the achievement of important advantages in offensive (attack) and defensive (block) actions, fundamental elements for the achievement of points in the game. Objective: To analyze the influence of the vertical jump in the quantification of training load in volleyball through the method of the subjective perceived exertion (RPE) of the session. Methods: Fifteen male athletes from a volleyball team participated in the study. The quantification of jumps and RPE of 30 training sessions was performed. Results: In the analysis by position, the RPE was positively correlated with the number of jumps and was stronger in the opposites (r = 0.44; p = 0.001; n = 57), followed by the setters (r = 0,34; p &lt; 0,001; n = 109) and middles (r = 0.18; p = 0.03; n = 141). Conclusion: It is concluded that the attack vertical jump has greater influence on the final value of RPE pointed out by the athletes in training sessions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667094.v1
title: INFLUENCE OF VERTICAL JUMP IN THE PERCEPTION OF THE INTERNAL VOLLEYBALL TRAINING LOAD

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: In volleyball, vertical jump is considered an extremely important element in training, since it is necessary during setting, serve, block, and attack, determining the achievement of important advantages in offensive (attack) and defensive (block) actions, fundamental elements for the achievement of points in the game. Objective: To analyze the influence of the vertical jump in the quantification of training load in volleyball through the method of the subjective perceived exertion (RPE) of the session. Methods: Fifteen male athletes from a volleyball team participated in the study. The quantification of jumps and RPE of 30 training sessions was performed. Results: In the analysis by position, the RPE was positively correlated with the number of jumps and was stronger in the opposites (r = 0.44; p = 0.001; n = 57), followed by the setters (r = 0,34; p &lt; 0,001; n = 109) and middles (r = 0.18; p = 0.03; n = 141). Conclusion: It is concluded that the attack vertical jump has greater influence on the final value of RPE pointed out by the athletes in training sessions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667091
title: Investigation on Prospective Energy Power from Corncob Husk Biomass and its Biochars by Kinetic Parameters and Isoconversional Models

description: The biofuel properties of biomass play an important role in achieving their utilization on agro-systems and industries. In this context the biomass waste of maize, corncob husk, and its biochars were taken into account to be investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, thermodynamic parameters for non-isothermal analyses using the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall kinetic isoconversional model in order to comprehend its possible fuels features. It was also investigated the compounds generated after pyrolysis and their relation with oxidation reactions for the safe-handling and storage. It was found that corncob husk biochar produced at 300 °C shows the best qualities as a solid biofuel, since it requires less energy input through pyrolysis to be produced. Finally, analysing the compounds generated and remained on the biochar’s surface, by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, biochars produced at low temperatures present one of the lowest features prone to oxidation reactions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667091.v1
title: Investigation on Prospective Energy Power from Corncob Husk Biomass and its Biochars by Kinetic Parameters and Isoconversional Models

description: The biofuel properties of biomass play an important role in achieving their utilization on agro-systems and industries. In this context the biomass waste of maize, corncob husk, and its biochars were taken into account to be investigated by thermogravimetric analysis, thermodynamic parameters for non-isothermal analyses using the Ozawa-Flynn-Wall kinetic isoconversional model in order to comprehend its possible fuels features. It was also investigated the compounds generated after pyrolysis and their relation with oxidation reactions for the safe-handling and storage. It was found that corncob husk biochar produced at 300 °C shows the best qualities as a solid biofuel, since it requires less energy input through pyrolysis to be produced. Finally, analysing the compounds generated and remained on the biochar’s surface, by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, biochars produced at low temperatures present one of the lowest features prone to oxidation reactions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667085
title: Severe Plastic Deformation and Additive Distribution in Mg-Fe to Improve Hydrogen Storage Properties

description: Magnesium (Mg) is a light metal with relatively low cost. Its hydride (MgH2) is interesting for the safe hydrogen storage in solid state and has a high gravimetric capacity of 7.6%. Practical application of Mg is still hampered by high reaction temperatures and slow kinetics. In order to improve it and focus on more viable industrial processing conditions, Mg plates, with or without iron (Fe) addition, in the form of wires and powders, were submitted to severe plastic deformation (SPD) in air, starting with extensive cold rolling (ECR), followed by repetitive rolling (ARB). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). H2 storage properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Sievert's volumetric method. Mg processed by ECR+ARB resulted in larger grain refinement and densities of cracks than ECR. In addition, Fe in the form of continuous wires was fragmented and resulted in a better distribution of particles than powders, which agglomerated. Thus, finally, the synergetic effect of microstructural features and Fe as catalyst and its distribution improved activation, kinetics and hydrogen storage capacity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667085.v1
title: Severe Plastic Deformation and Additive Distribution in Mg-Fe to Improve Hydrogen Storage Properties

description: Magnesium (Mg) is a light metal with relatively low cost. Its hydride (MgH2) is interesting for the safe hydrogen storage in solid state and has a high gravimetric capacity of 7.6%. Practical application of Mg is still hampered by high reaction temperatures and slow kinetics. In order to improve it and focus on more viable industrial processing conditions, Mg plates, with or without iron (Fe) addition, in the form of wires and powders, were submitted to severe plastic deformation (SPD) in air, starting with extensive cold rolling (ECR), followed by repetitive rolling (ARB). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). H2 storage properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Sievert's volumetric method. Mg processed by ECR+ARB resulted in larger grain refinement and densities of cracks than ECR. In addition, Fe in the form of continuous wires was fragmented and resulted in a better distribution of particles than powders, which agglomerated. Thus, finally, the synergetic effect of microstructural features and Fe as catalyst and its distribution improved activation, kinetics and hydrogen storage capacity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667082
title: Social representations of poverty built by post-graduation students of the course about Education, Poverty and Social Inequality held in the Rio Grande do Norte state: first results

description: ABSTRACT Social representations are a modality of knowledge produced by common sense that have as their primary function the elaboration of behaviors and communication between individuals. All social representation is the particular reading of an object, performed by a subject (individual or collective), based on the beliefs, values and information that the same shares in the culture in which they are located. Following this theory, the present research sought to identify and know the structure of social representation or social representations about "poverty" constructed by the EPSI’ students in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The research universe was composed of 301 students who answered a free word evocation questionnaire, whose data were analyzed with the support of EVOC software. Based on Jean-Claude Abric's central nucleus approach to social representations, it was possible to identify the structure of the representational contents shared by the subjects investigated. In this structure, there is a central system composed of the elements "inequality" and "exclusion" and a peripheral system composed of the elements shortage, hunger, misery, necessity. The results indicate the existence of two social representations: one of ideological character, which emphasizes the macroeconomic and political aspects or the role of education in the production of the phenomenon and another, that considers poverty as part of social reality, therefore without criticism of an economic or political nature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667082.v1
title: Social representations of poverty built by post-graduation students of the course about Education, Poverty and Social Inequality held in the Rio Grande do Norte state: first results

description: ABSTRACT Social representations are a modality of knowledge produced by common sense that have as their primary function the elaboration of behaviors and communication between individuals. All social representation is the particular reading of an object, performed by a subject (individual or collective), based on the beliefs, values and information that the same shares in the culture in which they are located. Following this theory, the present research sought to identify and know the structure of social representation or social representations about "poverty" constructed by the EPSI’ students in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The research universe was composed of 301 students who answered a free word evocation questionnaire, whose data were analyzed with the support of EVOC software. Based on Jean-Claude Abric's central nucleus approach to social representations, it was possible to identify the structure of the representational contents shared by the subjects investigated. In this structure, there is a central system composed of the elements "inequality" and "exclusion" and a peripheral system composed of the elements shortage, hunger, misery, necessity. The results indicate the existence of two social representations: one of ideological character, which emphasizes the macroeconomic and political aspects or the role of education in the production of the phenomenon and another, that considers poverty as part of social reality, therefore without criticism of an economic or political nature.