cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129551
title: Supplementary Material for: Hemorrhage Risk in Pediatric Patients with Multiple Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> This study aims to characterize the clinical features, treatment strategies, and annual hemorrhage incidence rate of pediatric patients with multiple arteriovenous malformations (MAVM). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The PubMed and EMBASE databases and the arteriovenous malformations (AVM) database at the Johns Hopkins Hospital were searched for reports of pediatric patients (under 21 years of age) with MAVM. Data related to demographics, clinical features, management, and treatment outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Twenty-four pediatric patients met the inclusion criteria. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The annual hemorrhage incidence rate was 2.1%. The most common presenting features were neurological deficit (38%) and hemorrhage (21%). Treatment with embolization has become the most frequently used modality. In patients undergoing staged treatment of MAVM, hemorrhage of an untreated nidus (n = 1), visualization of a new nidus (n = 2), or disappearance of a draining vein (n = 1) occurred. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The annual hemorrhage incidence rate for pediatric patients with MAVM approaches the upper range of previously reported hemorrhage rates for solitary AVM. A staged approach to treating MAVM requires close follow-up as changes to the remaining nidi may occur during the latency period. Limitations of this study include its small sample size and reporting bias.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129551.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Hemorrhage Risk in Pediatric Patients with Multiple Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> This study aims to characterize the clinical features, treatment strategies, and annual hemorrhage incidence rate of pediatric patients with multiple arteriovenous malformations (MAVM). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The PubMed and EMBASE databases and the arteriovenous malformations (AVM) database at the Johns Hopkins Hospital were searched for reports of pediatric patients (under 21 years of age) with MAVM. Data related to demographics, clinical features, management, and treatment outcomes were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Twenty-four pediatric patients met the inclusion criteria. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The annual hemorrhage incidence rate was 2.1%. The most common presenting features were neurological deficit (38%) and hemorrhage (21%). Treatment with embolization has become the most frequently used modality. In patients undergoing staged treatment of MAVM, hemorrhage of an untreated nidus (n = 1), visualization of a new nidus (n = 2), or disappearance of a draining vein (n = 1) occurred. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The annual hemorrhage incidence rate for pediatric patients with MAVM approaches the upper range of previously reported hemorrhage rates for solitary AVM. A staged approach to treating MAVM requires close follow-up as changes to the remaining nidi may occur during the latency period. Limitations of this study include its small sample size and reporting bias.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129554.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Prestroke Antiplatelet Agents in First-Time Ischemic Stroke Are Related to Subtypes

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> It is not well known whether prestroke antiplatelet agents (PAs) are associated with the subtypes of ischemic stroke. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We screened patients in a hospital-based stroke registry. Patients who were admitted with a diagnosis of first-time ischemic stroke within 5 days of symptom onset were included. Ischemic stroke subtypes were classified in accordance with the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification based on stroke mechanism: large-artery atherosclerosis (LA), cardioembolism (CE), small vessel occlusion (SVO), other determined (OC) or undetermined causes (UC). Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of PA on stroke subtypes before and after propensity score matching. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among 3,025 patients, 748 (24.7%) were taking antiplatelet agents prior to stroke. After propensity score matching, 1,190 patients were ultimately included. The PA group was associated with strokes caused by SVO rather than LA in multinomial logistic regression of an unmatched dataset. However, multivariable analysis after propensity score matching demonstrated that PA use was associated with a higher probability of SVO and CE (OR 2.05, p &lt; 0.001 and OR 1.62, p = 0.05, respectively) compared with LA. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PAs were associated with specific index stroke subtypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129545
title: Supplementary Material for: Effects of Somatostatin Analogs and Dopamine Agonists on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Induced Insulin Receptor Isoform A Activation by Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) express insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-related factors [IGF1, IGF2; insulin receptor (IR)-A, IR-B; IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1-3] as well as somatostatin (SSTRs) and dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptors (D2Rs). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To (1) compare mRNA expression of IGF-related factors in human pancreatic NET (panNET) cell lines with that in human GEP-NETs to evaluate the usefulness of these cells as a model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) determine whether panNET cells produce growth factors that activate IR-A, and (3) investigate whether somatostatin analogs (SSAs) and/or dopamine agonists (DAs) influence the production of these growth factors. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In panNET cells (BON-1 and QGP-1) and GEP-NETs, mRNA expression of IGF-related factors was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Effects of the SSAs octreotide and pasireotide (PAS), the DA cabergoline (CAB), and the dopastatin BIM-23A760 (all 100 nM) were evaluated at the IGF2 mRNA and protein level (by ELISA) and regarding IR-A bioactivity (by kinase receptor activation assay) in panNET cells. <b><i>Results:</i></b> panNET cells and GEP-NETs had comparable expression profiles of IGF-related factors. Especially in BON-1 cells, IGF2 and IR-A were most highly expressed. PAS + CAB inhibited IGF2 (-29.5 ± 4.9%, p &lt; 0.01) and IGFBP3 (-20.0 ± 4.0%, p &lt; 0.01) mRNA expression in BON-1 cells. In BON-1 cells, IGF2 protein secretion was significantly inhibited with BIM-23A760 (-23.7 ± 3.8%). BON-1- but not QGP-1- conditioned medium stimulated IR-A bioactivity. In BON-1 cells, IR-A bioactivity was inhibited by BIM-23A760 and PAS + CAB (-37.8 ± 2.1% and -30.9 ± 4.1%, respectively, p &lt; 0.0001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> (1) The BON-1 cell line is a representative model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) BON-1 cells produce growth factors (IGF2) activating IR-A, and (3) combined SSTR and D2R targeting with PAS + CAB and BIM-23A760 suppresses IGF2-induced IR-A activation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129548
title: Supplementary Material for: Cognitive Impairment in Transient Ischemic Attack Patients: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Although by definition a transient ischemic attack (TIA) lasts less than 24 h, many patients experience cognitive complaints beyond focal symptom resolution. However, their prevalence, causes and profile are unclear. We therefore performed a systematic review on cognitive impairment after TIA. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Medline and Embase were searched for relevant studies. Risk of bias was assessed, and data synthesis was performed according to the severity of cognitive impairment. Thirteen studies were included, with considerable heterogeneity concerning methods and timing of cognitive testing. Confounding, detection bias and attrition were the main causes of a high risk of bias in several studies. The prevalence of post-TIA mild cognitive impairment ranged from 29 to 68%. Severe cognitive impairment was found in 8-22% of patients. Studies using a cognitive screening instrument and those performed shortly after TIA or several years later, reported the highest frequencies of impairment. Patients evaluated with a screening tool were substantially older than those who underwent a full neuropsychological assessment (weighted mean age difference 10.9 years). Based on limited data, the post-TIA cognitive profile showed prominent executive function deficits. Insufficient data refrained us from drawing conclusions on causality. The few studies that reported neuroimaging results found a minor correlation with cognitive impairment. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Mild cognitive impairment is present in more than a third of the TIA patients and has a profile comparable with vascular cognitive impairment. Reported rates of post-TIA cognitive impairment are highly variable and higher frequencies are found with cognitive screening tools. Considerable heterogeneity and insufficient data limit further conclusions about potential causative factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129557.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The ‘Brain Shadowing Sign': A Novel Marker of Fetal Craniosynostosis

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The prenatal diagnosis of fetal craniosynostosis is challenging, especially in single-suture cases. When sutures are obliterated, sound waves fail to penetrate the cortical bone, creating an evident acoustic shadow on the underlying brain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield of the ‘brain shadowing sign' (BSS) as a novel sonographic marker for craniosynostosis. <b><i>Subjects and Methods:</i></b> Patients with an antenatal diagnosis of fetal craniosynostosis (cases) and healthy controls paired for gestational age were enrolled in this retrospective case-control study. Two-dimensional scans were assessed by three examiners for the presence of the BSS and additional fetal findings. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The BSS was clearly depicted in all 24 cases on the first analysis and in 22 cases on the second analysis. No fetus from the control group (n = 48) presented the BSS in any of the analyses. Fifteen cases had isolated craniosynostosis and 9 were syndromic (Apert, Saethre-Chotzen and craniofrontonasal syndromes), which were diagnosed significantly earlier due to additional malformations. <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> The BSS is a novel sonographic marker of craniosynostosis which can be used to increase the diagnostic rate of this rare condition and does not require the use of high-definition three-dimensional transducers to be depicted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129542
title: Supplementary Material for: Is Modified Radical Hysterectomy Needed for Patients with Clinical Stage I/II Endometrial Cancers? A Historical Control Study

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the present study was to assess whether hysterectomy with wider resection could improve survival by preventing local recurrence. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Medical charts of the patients with clinical stage I/II endometrial cancers treated at our hospital between 1990 and 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse effects according to the type of hysterectomy. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 247 patients were identified: 46 patients treated with total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH group) and 201 patients with modified radical hysterectomy (mRH group). No significant differences were observed in OS (p = 0.52) and PFS (p = 0.67) between the two groups. Also, there was no significant difference in the distribution of recurrent sites between the two groups. The patients treated with mRH had a longer operation time and more frequently developed severe adverse events, such as blood loss and lymphedema. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In our cohorts, there were no significant differences in both PFS and OS according to surgical procedures, and the mRH group more frequently developed severe adverse events. Overall, clinical benefit was not obtained by mRH in patients with clinical stage I/II endometrial carcinomas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129545.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Effects of Somatostatin Analogs and Dopamine Agonists on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Induced Insulin Receptor Isoform A Activation by Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) express insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-related factors [IGF1, IGF2; insulin receptor (IR)-A, IR-B; IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1-3] as well as somatostatin (SSTRs) and dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptors (D2Rs). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To (1) compare mRNA expression of IGF-related factors in human pancreatic NET (panNET) cell lines with that in human GEP-NETs to evaluate the usefulness of these cells as a model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) determine whether panNET cells produce growth factors that activate IR-A, and (3) investigate whether somatostatin analogs (SSAs) and/or dopamine agonists (DAs) influence the production of these growth factors. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In panNET cells (BON-1 and QGP-1) and GEP-NETs, mRNA expression of IGF-related factors was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Effects of the SSAs octreotide and pasireotide (PAS), the DA cabergoline (CAB), and the dopastatin BIM-23A760 (all 100 nM) were evaluated at the IGF2 mRNA and protein level (by ELISA) and regarding IR-A bioactivity (by kinase receptor activation assay) in panNET cells. <b><i>Results:</i></b> panNET cells and GEP-NETs had comparable expression profiles of IGF-related factors. Especially in BON-1 cells, IGF2 and IR-A were most highly expressed. PAS + CAB inhibited IGF2 (-29.5 ± 4.9%, p &lt; 0.01) and IGFBP3 (-20.0 ± 4.0%, p &lt; 0.01) mRNA expression in BON-1 cells. In BON-1 cells, IGF2 protein secretion was significantly inhibited with BIM-23A760 (-23.7 ± 3.8%). BON-1- but not QGP-1- conditioned medium stimulated IR-A bioactivity. In BON-1 cells, IR-A bioactivity was inhibited by BIM-23A760 and PAS + CAB (-37.8 ± 2.1% and -30.9 ± 4.1%, respectively, p &lt; 0.0001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> (1) The BON-1 cell line is a representative model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) BON-1 cells produce growth factors (IGF2) activating IR-A, and (3) combined SSTR and D2R targeting with PAS + CAB and BIM-23A760 suppresses IGF2-induced IR-A activation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129464
title: Supplementary Material for: Investigation of Enthesopathy with Ultrasonography and Comparison with Skin Findings in Asymptomatic Psoriatic Patients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Joint involvement associated with psoriasis is referred to as psoriatic arthritis. A late diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis may cause a variety of morbidities; therefore, an early diagnosis and treatment of psoriatic arthritis are required. Asymptomatic psoriatic arthritis has been found in 8-70% of patients with psoriasis using imaging techniques. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate joint and enthesis regions by ultrasonography in patients with psoriasis without inflammatory joint symptoms to detect subclinical psoriatic arthritis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We included 50 psoriasis patients and 30 healthy control subjects without joint complaint in this study. Twelve joint regions of all subjects in each group were examined by ultrasonography. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The presence of any pathological ultrasonography finding (30%) was higher but did not significantly differ in psoriasis patients compared with the control group (13.33%; p &gt; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Although statistically not significant, the pathological ultrasonography findings were approximately twofold more common in patients with psoriasis compared with the control group. Therefore, the development of psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis should be more closely followed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129467
title: Supplementary Material for: Effectiveness of Barrier Creams against Irritant Contact Dermatitis

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Skin tissue is frequently exposed to various irritant substances in the workplace, particularly in wet work, which can lead to the development of occupational contact dermatitis. ‘Barrier' creams (BCs) are well known, and their applications are still the subject of many studies and controversies. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched all controlled trials investigating BCs against cutaneous irritants in humans published between 1956 and December 2014 from MEDLINE, PubMed, reference lists and existing reviews. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Thirty-nine studies about the effects of BCs against skin irritants in humans were selected. Among these, 27 trials in healthy volunteers were found to show many differences with regard to BCs and irritants used, their quantities, test locations, procedures and assessment methods. Finally, 14 patch test trials assessed by clinical scoring and evaporimetry emerged. Although the findings were generally positive, only few findings could be cross-checked from all the data, and vehicles seem to be as effective as BCs. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Although this review highlights the poor quality and the lack of standardization of most studies, BCs seem to have protective effects against irritants. Further well-designed, adequately powered randomized controlled trials with clinical and biophysical assessments are required.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129470
title: Supplementary Material for: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Patients with Social Anxiety Disorder Who Remain Symptomatic following Antidepressant Treatment: A Randomized, Assessor-Blinded, Controlled Trial

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Although antidepressants are still a commonly used treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD), a significant proportion of patients fail to remit following antidepressants. However, no standard approach has been established for managing such patients. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as an adjunct to usual care (UC) compared with UC alone in SAD patients who remain symptomatic following antidepressant treatment. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a prospective randomized open-blinded end-point study with two parallel groups (CBT + UC, and UC alone, both for 16 weeks) conducted from June 2012 to March 2014. SAD patients who remain symptomatic following antidepressant treatment were recruited, and a total sample size of 42 was set based on pilot results. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients were randomly allocated to CBT + UC (n = 21) or UC alone (n = 21). After 16 weeks, adjusted mean reduction in the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale from baseline for CBT + UC and UC alone was −40.87 and 0.68, respectively; the between-group difference was −41.55 (−53.68 to −29.42, p &lt; 0.0001). Response rates were 85.7 and 10.0% for CBT + UC and UC alone, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001). The corresponding remission rates were 47.6 and 0.0%, respectively (p = 0.0005). Significant differences were also found in favor of CBT + UC for social anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and functional impairment. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results suggest that in SAD patients who have been ineffectively treated with antidepressants, CBT is an effective treatment adjunct to UC over 16 weeks in reducing social anxiety and related symptoms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129539
title: Supplementary Material for: SUMOylation of DISC1: A Potential Role in Neural Progenitor Proliferation in the Developing Cortex

description: DISC1 is a multifunctional, intracellular scaffold protein. At the cellular level, DISC1 plays a pivotal role in neural progenitor proliferation, migration, and synaptic maturation. Perturbation of the biological pathways involving DISC1 is known to lead to behavioral changes in rodents, which supports a clinical report of a Scottish pedigree in which the majority of family members with disruption of the <i>DISC1 </i>gene manifest depression, schizophrenia, and related mental conditions. The discrepancy between modest evidence in genetics and strong biological support for the role of DISC1 in mental conditions suggests a working hypothesis that regulation of DISC1 at the protein level, such as posttranslational modification, may play a role in the pathology of mental conditions. In this study, we report on the SUMOylation of DISC1. This posttranslational modification occurs on lysine residues where the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) and its homologs are conjugated to a large number of cellular proteins, which in turn regulates their subcellular distribution and protein stability. By using in silico, biochemical, and cell-biological approaches, we now demonstrate that human DISC1 is SUMOylated at one specific lysine 643 (K643). We also show that this residue is crucial for proper neural progenitor proliferation in the developing cortex.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129542.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Is Modified Radical Hysterectomy Needed for Patients with Clinical Stage I/II Endometrial Cancers? A Historical Control Study

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of the present study was to assess whether hysterectomy with wider resection could improve survival by preventing local recurrence. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Medical charts of the patients with clinical stage I/II endometrial cancers treated at our hospital between 1990 and 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and adverse effects according to the type of hysterectomy. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 247 patients were identified: 46 patients treated with total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH group) and 201 patients with modified radical hysterectomy (mRH group). No significant differences were observed in OS (p = 0.52) and PFS (p = 0.67) between the two groups. Also, there was no significant difference in the distribution of recurrent sites between the two groups. The patients treated with mRH had a longer operation time and more frequently developed severe adverse events, such as blood loss and lymphedema. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In our cohorts, there were no significant differences in both PFS and OS according to surgical procedures, and the mRH group more frequently developed severe adverse events. Overall, clinical benefit was not obtained by mRH in patients with clinical stage I/II endometrial carcinomas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129461
title: Supplementary Material for: Standardized Postnatal Management of Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia in Europe: The CDH EURO Consortium Consensus - 2015 Update

description: In 2010, the congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) EURO Consortium published a standardized neonatal treatment protocol. Five years later, the number of participating centers has been raised from 13 to 22. In this article the relevant literature is updated, and consensus has been reached between the members of the CDH EURO Consortium. Key updated recommendations are: (1) planned delivery after a gestational age of 39 weeks in a high-volume tertiary center; (2) neuromuscular blocking agents to be avoided during initial treatment in the delivery room; (3) adapt treatment to reach a preductal saturation of between 80 and 95% and postductal saturation &gt;70%; (4) target PaCO<sub>2</sub> to be between 50 and 70 mm Hg; (5) conventional mechanical ventilation to be the optimal <i>initial</i> ventilation strategy, and (6) intravenous sildenafil to be considered in CDH patients with severe pulmonary hypertension. This article represents the current opinion of all consortium members in Europe for the optimal neonatal treatment of CDH.