cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ngnsun
title: The Boulder-Rich Blocky Unit of the Western Jezero Upper Fan: Discriminating Olivine and Pyroxene Compositions and Constraining Provenance

description: The boulder-rich unit of the Upper Western Fan in Jezero crater, Mars is the youngest preserved unit of the fan stratigraphy. Understanding boulder compositions, distribution, and textures is critical to constraining their emplacement, provenance, and the depositional history of the Western fan. We use Mastcam-Z multispectral images to identify and discriminate between two compositions of boulders: olivine- and pyroxene-bearing. Spectral parameters distinguish endmembers from other geologic units investigated by the Perseverance rover within Jezero crater and indicate a distinct provenance. We map the distribution of each typeacross distinct lobes of the fan, characterize their morphology, and use WATSON images to interpret grain-scale textures. Differences in type-distribution among lobes of the fan supports the distinction of those lobes as previously mapped. The olivine-bearing boulders are dominant across the unit with rounded shapes consistent with fluvial deposition sourced from the regional olivine unit. Less populous and rougher pyroxene-bearing boulders may have been emplaced through shorter fluvial transport distance from the pyroxene-bearing crater rim deposits, or as possible impact ejecta. This work supports earlier claims that high-energy fluvial activity played a role in the later stages of the Western Fan formation in Jezero crater. Ongoing and future exploration of the Jezero crater rim will allow further study and evaluation of potential source regions for the boulders of the Western Jezero fan top.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cweruh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 3 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-3.49943 40.44621,-3.49206 40.44621,-3.49206 40.45061,-3.49943 40.45061,-3.49943 40.44621))",
 "TaxonKey is Animalia"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 3 records were derived from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0040271-250920141307145/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.klu0fu
title: Discovery and Preliminary Characterization of a Third Interstellar Object

description: We report initial observations aimed at the characterization of a third interstellar object. This object, 3I/ATLAS or C/2025 N1 (ATLAS), was discovered on 2025 July 1 UT and has an orbital eccentricity of e ⇠ 6.1, perihelion of q ⇠ 1.36 au, inclination of ⇠ 175 , and hyperbolic velocity of V1 ⇠ 58 km s1 . We report deep stacked images obtained using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope and the Very Large Telescope that resolve a compact coma. Using images obtained from several smaller ground-based telescopes, we find minimal light curve variation for the object over a ⇠ 4 day time span. The visible/near-infrared spectral slope of the object is 17.1±0.2 %/100 nm, comparable to other interstellar objects and primitive solar system small bodies (comets and D-type asteroids). 3I/ATLAS will be observable through early September 2025, then unobservable by Earth-based observatories near perihelion due to low solar elongation. It will be observable again from the ground in late November 2025. Although this limitation unfortunately prohibits detailed Earth-based observations at perihelion when the activity of 3I/ATLAS is likely to peak, spacecraft at Mars could be used to make valuable observations at this time.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.f82ush
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 110 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Vespidae",
 "Year is 1913",
 "Continent is Europe",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 110 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0040297-250920141307145/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.p4o9iq
title: Optimized Observation Sequencing in Low-Earth Orbit with the SPHEREx Survey Planning Software

description: SPHEREx is a NASA infrared astronomy mission that launched on March 12th, 2025 and is operating successfully in low-Earth orbit (LEO). The mission is currently observing the entire sky in 102 spectral channels in four independent all-sky surveys and also achieves enhanced coverage in two deep fields. This data will resolve key science questions about the early universe, galaxy formation, and the origin of water and biogenic molecules. In this paper, we describe the survey planning software (SPS) that enables SPHEREx to observe efficiently while mitigating a range of operational challenges in LEO. Our optimal target selection algorithm achieves the required high coverage in both the All-Sky and Deep Surveys. The algorithm plans observations to stay within our time-varying allowable pointing zone, interleaves required data downlink passes, and mitigates outages due to the South Atlantic Anomaly and other events. As demonstrated by the sky coverage achieved in the first SPHEREx public data release, our approach is performing well in flight. The SPHEREx SPS is a key new capability that enables the mission to deliver groundbreaking science from LEO.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7v2326
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Sorghum bicolor",
 "Country is Malta",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0040299-250920141307145/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.myrnec
title: Launch and Initial Checkout of the Psyche Spacecraft

description: Psyche is a mission to explore the largest metal-rich asteroid in the Solar System. This paper provides an overview of the spacecraft and its first six months of operations in space. It describes launch operations and initial testing, including in-space tests of the spacecraft’s unique electric propulsion and power systems, demonstration of the Deep Space Optical Communications technology payload, and validation of its all-electric 3-axis momentum management strategy. Psyche has successfully completed its initial checkout phase, transitioned to cruise operations, and started its 2.2 billion mile journey to its target in the main belt, asteroid (16) Psyche.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.xv5enc
title: Modeling Low-Temperature Plasmas Simulating Titan's Atmosphere

description: In the study presented here, we model the gas phase chemistry induced by plasma discharge at low temperature (150 K) in the NASA Ames COSmIC Simulation Chamber (COSmIC) using a 1-dimensional multi-fluid plasma model named CO-PRISM (COSmIC Plasma Reactivity and Ionization Simulation Model). Our model incorporates an extensive chemical reaction network to simulate the neutral-neutral and ion-neutral reactions occurring in the COSmIC experiments when using N2 – CH4-based gas mixtures relevant to Titan’s atmosphere. Our reaction network now includes crucial reactions involving the first electronically-excited state of atomic nitrogen, recent electron collision cross-sections, and radical chemistry. In particular, we have investigated the influence of C2H2 on the gas phase polymeric growth and the elemental composition of the chemical products, and we have compared our findings to recently published solid phase analyses. The modeling results are consistent with experimental measurements of N2 – CH4 – C2H2 plasmas on COSmIC, showing the production of C6Hx intermediates and precursors of larger organics, as well as methanimine in small concentration. Our numerical results point to cationic pathways enabling efficient intermediate-sized and nitrogen-rich C2H2-driven chemistry driving tholin production. Comparison of the modeled gas phase elemental composition with elemental composition of the solid phase samples produced in COSmIC reveal similar trends, with C/N increasing when C2H2 is present in the gas mixture. Finally, our results demonstrate the importance of such synergistic studies using low-temperature plasma chemistry experiments combined with modeling efforts to improve our understanding of cold planetary environments.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ocscod
title: Evaluating IPCC projections of global sea-level change from the pre-satellite era

description: With an acceleration of global sea-level rise during the satellite altimetry era (since 1993) firmly established, it is now appropriate to examine sea-level projections made around the onset of this time period. Here we show that the mid-range projection from the Second Assessment Report of the IPCC (1995/1996) was strikingly close to what transpired over the next 30 years, with the magnitude of sea-level rise underestimated by only ~1 cm. Projections of contributions from individual components were more variable, with a notable underestimation of dynamic mass loss from ice sheets. Nevertheless – and in view of the comparatively limited process understanding, modeling capabilities, and computational resources available three decades ago – these early attempts should inspire confidence in presently available global sea-level projections. Such multidecadal evaluations of past climate projections, as presented here for sea-level change, offer useful tests of past climate forecasts, and highlight the essential importance of continued climate monitoring.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.rpcpnf
title: S3A global 'climate opportunity benefit' of forest regeneration: meta-analysis shows warming from soil CH4 and N2O is small relative to agriculture

description: Global assessments of ecosystem regeneration as a climate mitigation strategy have traditionally focused on CO2, despite the acknowledgement that methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are also important greenhouse gasses (GHGs). We conducted a meta-analysis of studies that measured soil CH4 and N2O fluxes in unmanaged regenerating forested and savanna ecosystems, with a focus on understanding biome-specific differences in these GHG fluxes compared to a counterfactual of agricultural land use. We expected most regenerating ecosystems to act as small CH4 sinks and relatively larger N2O sources, with a net warming CH4-N2O effect. Three of the five forested biomes we studied followed this pattern: subtropical/tropical forest, subtropical/tropical savanna and temperate conifer forest (1.64 ± 0.56, 0.24 ± 0.07, and 0.65 ± 0.38 Mg CO2e ha-1 yr-1, respectively). Results suggest that after 100 years of regeneration, the radiative cooling of the climate from CO2 sequestration still exceeds the radiative warming driven by the net CH4-N2O effect among non-boreal ecosystems. We also found that the “climate opportunity benefit” of ecosystem regeneration—the subtraction of the net CH4-N2O effect of agriculture from the net CH4-N2O effect of regeneration—is positive (i.e., a net cooling effect) for all non-boreal biomes. However, our results underscore that it is unsound to use ecosystem regeneration as a justification for the proliferation of emissions-heavy activities. Ecosystem regeneration must be paired with swift and meaningful decarbonization to be an effective nature-based climate solution.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ytwe0w
title: Thermal stress in degraded forests in the Brazilian Amazon Arc of Deforestation

description: 2 36 Abstract37 Understanding thermal stress in tropical forests has taken on new urgency in light of38 accelerating climate change and expansion of deforestation and forest degradation. Degraded39 tropical forests in particular may be approaching critical temperature thresholds even more40 rapidly than intact forests, with implications for tree survival and ecosystem recovery. We41 investigate thermal stress in degraded tropical forests within the Brazilian Amazon Arc of42 Deforestation. Using land surface temperature data from the ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal43 Radiometer Experiment on the international Space Station (ECOSTRESS), we compared canopy44 temperatures of intact, selectively logged, and burned forests in Feliz Natal, Mato Grosso, Brazil.45 Even after 1-5 years of recovery, upper canopy temperatures in previously burned forests were46 4.1% higher (mean = 36.5°C) and 50.9% more variable compared to intact and logged forests,47 which showed remarkably similar temperature distributions (means of 34.9°C and 35.1°C,48 respectively). Modeled leaf temperature distributions based on canopy temperature49 measurements from the warmest day in a 2-year dry season record indicated that 87% of leaves50 in the warmest burned forest patches exceeded the temperature threshold where respiration51 surpasses photosynthesis, compared to approximately 72-74% in intact and logged forests,52 respectively, in the same time period. After controlling for environmental factors, burned forests53 were predicted to be 3.1°C warmer on average than intact forests at low canopy heights (10m),54 with this effect decreasing to ~2°C at 40m height. Critically, the probability of leaves exceeding55 temperatures that cause permanent leaf damage was five times higher in burned forests, with56 implications for the future of degraded forest regeneration in water-limited regions of the57 Amazon basin. In particular, the combination of higher mean temperatures, greater temperature58 variability, and more frequent exposure to damaging thermal thresholds implies that burned59 tropical forests will experience substantially higher mortality rates and slower biomass recovery60 compared to intact forests, especially in water-limited regions where trees cannot rely on61 evaporative cooling to moderate canopy temperatures.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.yf4ycj
title: Multi-Platform Methane Plume Detection via Model and Domain Adaptation

description: Prioritizing methane for near-term climate action is crucial due to its significant impact on global warming. Previous work used columnwise matched filter products from the airborne AVIRIS-NG imaging spectrometer to detect methane plume sources; convolutional neural networks (CNNs) discerned anthropogenic methane plumes from false positive enhancements. However, as an increasing number of remote sensing platforms are used for methane plume detection, there is a growing need to address cross-platform alignment. In this work, we describe model- and data-driven machine learning approaches that leverage airborne observations to improve spaceborne methane plume detection, reconciling the distributional shifts inherent with performing the same task across platforms. We develop a spaceborne methane plume classifier using data from the EMIT imaging spectroscopy mission. We refine classifiers trained on airborne imagery from AVIRIS-NG campaigns using transfer learning, outperforming the standalone spaceborne model. Finally, we use CycleGAN, an unsupervised image-to-image translation technique, to align the data distributions between airborne and spaceborne contexts. Translating spaceborne EMIT data to the airborne AVIRIS- NG domain using CycleGAN and applying airborne classifiers directly yields the best plume detection results. This methodology is useful not only for data simulation, but also for direct data alignment. Though demonstrated on the task of methane plume detection, our work more broadly demonstrates a data-driven approach to align related products obtained from distinct remote sensing instruments.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ksj8wi
title: JWST Observations of Potentially Hazardous Asteroid 2024 YR4

description: The destructive power of an impacting asteroid is primarily es&gt;mated by knowledge of its size. Asteroid 2024 YR4 reached a peak 2032 impact probability with Earth of 3%, motivating a desire to determine its size. Owing to its infrared capabilities, JWST is uniquely suited for such assessment, especially for decameter-scale objects (Burdanov et al. 2025). We used JWST to observe 2024 YR4 and find a diameter of 60± 7 m. This size range corresponds to an albedo for 2024 YR4 of 8-18%, consistent with observation that it is an S-type asteroid (International Asteroid Warning Network), if at the low-albedo end of that asteroid taxon. Future observations through May 2025 will help further refine the asteroid’s thermophysical model.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.krbxs4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Sorghum bicolor",
 "Country is Lithuania",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0040298-250920141307145/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.rtf4hb
title: Climate change and the future of U.S. May tornado outbreaks

description: Tornado outbreaks, involving multiple destructive tornadoes in close succession, result from interactions between large-scale atmospheric patterns and mesoscale dynamics. With a warming climate altering atmospheric behavior, the frequency and distribution of outbreak-favorable patterns may change, influencing future risks. Previous studies identified a dominant pattern associated with historic May outbreaks in the United States and demonstrated the ability of a global climate model (MPI-ESM1.2-HR) to reproduce this pattern in historical simulations (1980–2014). Here, we investigate how the simulated pattern evolves in future projections (2065–2100) using the same model and four emissions scenarios. Across all scenarios, the favorable atmospheric pattern for May tornado outbreaks increases in frequency and expands northward and eastward beyond its historical geographic focus in the Great Plains and southeastern U.S. Consequently, future U.S. May tornado outbreak risks are projected to increase across the eastern U.S., emphasizing the need for adaptive preparedness strategies in a warming climate.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ruopyu
title: The COSMOS-Web Lens Survey (COWLS) II: depth, resolution, and NIR coverage from JWST reveal 17 spectacular lenses

description: The COSMOS-Web Lens Survey (COWLS) presents the first systematic search for strong gravitational lenses in the COSMOSWeb field using data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Using high-resolution NIRCam imaging, we visually inspected over 42 660 galaxies and identified over 400 lensing candidates. Here, we report the 17 most obvious and spectacular strong lensing systems, distinguished by large Einstein rings, arcs, and distinct lens and source colours. These diverse lenses, identified only through visual inspection of lens-light-subtracted images, represent the extremes of lens parameter space. Exceptionally high signal-to-noise, multi-wavelength imaging enables unprecedented lensing analysis, including ‘HST-dark’ source galaxies that are also invisible in deeper but bluer JWST wavebands: enabling clean deblending between the lens and the source. Some sources exhibit dramatic morphological changes across wavelengths, and patterns of dust absorption within lenses. No other current facility, including the Hubble Space Telescope, can discover or image such lenses with comparable detail. We estimate that JWST uncovers a new spectacular lens approximately every 10 to 12 NIRCam pointings, suggesting that over 40 similar lenses remain undetected within its first three years of observations. All COWLS data is publicly available on GitHub.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.6qiqlg
title: THE RADIO ANDMICROWAVESKYAS SEENBY JUNO ON ITSMISSIONTOJUPITER

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fakxqs
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Sorghum bicolor",
 "Country is Mongolia",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0040300-250920141307145/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.pbpulp
title: Multiple Episodes of Fluid Alteration in Jezero Crater Indicated by MIST Mineral Identifications in PIXL XRF Data from the First 1100 Sols of the Mars 2020 Mission

description: The Mineral Identification by Stoichiometry (MIST) algorithm can identify mineral species in geochemical datasets. MIST is applied to X-ray fluorescence (XRF) chemical analyses from the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL) on the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover to identify mineral phases in abraded rock targets at Jezero crater. We used a Monte Carlo error propagation technique to assess confidence in the results. Our study reports 24 high-confidence mineral phases from the first 1100 sols of Perseverance’s traverse. Primary mineral groups include plagioclase, pyroxene, and olivine, in agreement with previously published results, and support an (ultra)mafic rock source. Additionally, MIST identified a range of phyllosilicate for minerals, including nontronite, saponite, hisingerite, greenalite, minnesotaite, and sepiolite; identification of such alteration phases is essential for constraining the aqueous alteration historyof Jezero’s rocks. An initial survey of the reported phases suggests multiple, distinct stages of fluid alteration in Jezero’s history: high temperature and acidic, moderate temperature and circumneutral, and later stage ambient alkaline conditions. MIST results from PIXL data help determine rocks of interest on Mars’ surface for investigation by Perseverance and will also be important for informing analysis of samples when returned to Earth.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qfy976
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 362635 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Rosa canina)",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 362635 records from 2565 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0040264-250920141307145/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ecv9hc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 9066 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is NABU|naturgucker",
 "Country is Belgium"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 9066 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0069649-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15744446
title: Königsberg /Pr Apotheke Zum Goldenen Adler (ca. 1924/1947)

description: Historical questionnaire/s 1924/1948 and index cards, partly selected enclosures regarding the history of a German pharmacy, catalogued via Kalliope portal (Historischer Fragebogen 1924/1948 und Karteikarten, ggf. gemeinfreie Anlagen zur Apothekengeschichte; als Katalog dient das Nachlassportal Kalliope): https://kalliope-verbund.info/DE-611-BF-70963 [Funktion: Im Findbuch anzeigen]Please note: The Kalliope catalogue entry might indicate related material in the archival folder which cannot be published due to copyright or other legal restrictions (NB: Das Katalogisat bei Kalliope kann auch auf Materialien - teils erheblichen Umfangs - verweisen, die aus archiv- oder urheberrechtlichen Gründen nicht veröffentlicht werden dürfen).