DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c2fqz61p1
title: A microneedle device for rapid dermal interstitial fluid sampling

description: Dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) offers a promising alternative to invasive
 blood tests and opportunities for novel skin diagnostics. Progress in both
 the understanding and adoption of ISF tests is hindered by sampling
 challenges, including lengthy collection times, non-negligible failure
 rates, variable collection volumes, and inconsistent bioanalyte levels.
 The causes of many of these issues are not well understood. We demonstrate
 a microneedle device that is several times faster than state-of-the-art,
 collecting an average of 15.5 mg of ISF in 5 minutes in humans with a
 near-zero failure rate. This improvement was achieved by designing the
 spatial pressure gradient driving ISF flow. The influence of penetration
 depth, collection time, pressure, and age on ISF collection was
 elucidated, with Darcy's law explaining multiple observations. A
 data-driven acceptance criterion of &lt;1% blood contamination for ISF
 is proposed. The device and findings presented will empower researchers to
 better conduct robust studies in the development of ISF diagnostics.
description: # A microneedle device for rapid dermal interstitial fluid sampling
 Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.c2fqz61p1](10.5061/dryad.c2fqz61p1) ##
 Description of the data and file structure This dataset contains all 3D
 models, data, simulations, and code from the associated publication,
 organized by figure. It includes device design and simulation files,
 proteomics data for ISF, plasma, and RBC, contaminant protein lists for
 RBC and plasma, and code for removing blood contamination. Raw mass
 spectrometry proteomics data are on ProteomeXchange. ### Files and
 variables Additional details regarding individual files can be found in
 the README included in each zip file. Definitions of variables are found
 in the README files for CSV data and in the Variables sheet for XLSX
 files. #### File: 3Dmodels.zip **Description:** 3D model files of all
 versions of the POP device and experimental accessories. Both STL and
 Autodesk Fusion F3D files are included.  #### File: Figure2.zip
 **Description:** Raw data for Figure 2, including Autodesk Fusion F3D
 files of the simulation setups and VTU files of the simulation results.
 #### File: Figure3.zip **Description:** Raw data for Figure 3, including
 proteomics data and R code for generating volcano plots in the figure.
 Documentation for the input, output, and purpose of each R file is
 included.  #### File: Figure4.zip **Description:** Raw data for Figure 4.
 #### File: Figure5.zip **Description:** R code and files for 1) generating
 ranked lists of RBC and plasma contaminant proteins, 2) estimating
 proteomic quantification error at any blood contamination level, and 3)
 processing proteomics data to remove proteins affected by blood
 contamination. Documentation for the input, output, and purpose of each R
 file is included.  #### File: Figure6.zip **Description:** Raw data for
 Figure 6, including R code for decontaminating proteomics data in Figure
 6A to show the fraction of the most abundant ISF and plasma proteins by
 iBAQ. Documentation for the input, output, and purpose of each R file is
 included.  #### File: Supplementary.zip **Description:** R code and input
 file for generating a histogram of the coefficient of variation to
 estimate MS quantification error. List of Early Detection Research Network
 proteins found in ISF and plasma. ## Code/software Autodesk Fusion is
 needed to view the F3D design and simulation setup files. Alternatively,
 STL and VTU files are included and are viewable in open-source software
 such as ParaView. RStudio is used to run R scripts. Required R packages
 are shown in the R files. Documentation of the input, output, and purpose
 of each R file is included in the individual zip files.  ## Missing Data
 Where applicable, an explanation for missing data is found in the README
 associated with each figure. For proteomic data, 0 or an empty cell
 indicates that the protein is below the threshold of detection.
 Alternatively, a peptide-spectrum match can yield slightly different
 results between technical replicates, resulting in empty cells. For
 tabular data derived from proteomic data, an empty cell indicates
 insufficient sample size for performing the calculations.   ## Access
 information Associated mass spectrometry proteomics data on
 ProteomeXchange: Accession PXD064496 ## Human subjects data Human
 participants in the study consented to the publication of de-identified
 data in the public domain. A unique sample number was generated for each
 de-identified specimen collected from the participant. No link was
 maintained between the sample numbers and the participants.