DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kprr4xhgs
title: Data from: Cross-scale effects of habitat fragmentation on local biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in a fragmented grassland landscape

description: Anthropogenic habitat fragmentation has become the main threat to
 terrestrial ecosystems worldwide. However, the impacts of habitat
 fragmentation at different spatial scales on biodiversity and ecosystem
 functions remain uncertain. Based on 130 fragmented grassland landscapes
 in the agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China, we investigated the
 hierarchical effects of habitat fragmentation at landscape and patch
 scales on plant, soil bacteria, and soil fungi diversity and ecosystem
 multifunctionality in local sample sites. We found that increased
 inter-patch distance within the landscape had the strongest negative
 effect on plant richness. Decreased habitat amount within the landscape
 had the strongest negative effect on bacteria richness, fungi richness,
 and 80% threshold multifunctionality. Decreased patch area and increased
 patch isolation had the strongest negative effects on 30% and 50%
 threshold multifunctionality, respectively. Importantly, we found that
 patch-scale fragmentation mediated the negative effects of landscape-scale
 fragmentation on biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality. And
 biodiversity had no significant effect on ecosystem multifunctionality.
 Synthesis. Our study highlights that both landscape-scale and patch-scale
 fragmentation decline biodiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality in the
 agro-pastoral ecotone in northern China, with a significant spatial
 hierarchical structure. Biodiversity poorly predicts ecosystem
 multifunctionality in the fragmented grassland landscape.
description: # Cross-scale effects of habitat fragmentation on local biodiversity and
 ecosystem multifunctionality in a fragmented grassland landscape Dataset
 DOI: [10.5061/dryad.kprr4xhgs](10.5061/dryad.kprr4xhgs) ## Description of
 the data and file structure There are two data files. The "Habitat
 Fragmentation Data" and "Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functions
 Data" files contain data from 130 sample sites collected in the Tabu
 River Basin in the Siziwang Banner of the agro-pastoral ecotone of
 northern China. ### Files and variables #### File:
 Biodiversity\_and\_Ecosystem\_Functions\_Data.xlsx **Description:**  #####
 Variables * Sample site: the ID of 130 sample sites. * Plant richness:
 number of plant species. * Bacteria richness: number of ASVs of soil
 bacteria. * Fungi richness: number of ASVs of soil fungi. * AGB:
 above-ground biomass (g). * SOC: soil organic carbon (%). * TN: soil total
 nitrogen (%). * NH4: soil ammonium (mg/kg). * NO3: soil nitrate (mg/kg). *
 TP: soil total phosphorus (g/kg). * AP: soil available phosphorus (mg/kg).
 * Multifunctionality 30%: ecosystem multifunctionality at the 30%
 threshold. * Multifunctionality 50%: ecosystem multifunctionality at the
 50% threshold. * Multifunctionality 80%: ecosystem multifunctionality at
 the 80% threshold. #### File: Habitat\_Fragmentation\_Data.xlsx
 **Description:**  ##### Variables * Sample site: the ID of 130 sample
 sites. * Longitude: longitude of sample site (expressed in decimal
 degrees). * Latitude: longitude of sample site (expressed in decimal
 degrees). * PA: area of the grassland patch where the sample site is
 located (ha). * DE: distance of the sample site from the grassland patch
 edge (m). * DM: distance of the grassland patch from the mainland (m). *
 HM(100-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 100 m (%). *
 HM(200-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 200 m (%). *
 HM(300-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 300 m (%). *
 HM(400-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 400 m (%). *
 HM(500-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 500 m (%). *
 HM(600-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 600 m (%). *
 HM(700-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 700 m (%). *
 HM(800-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 800 m (%). *
 HM(900-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 900 m (%). *
 HM(1000-m): habitat amount in the landscape with a radius of 1000 m (%). *
 ED(100-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 100 m (m/ha). *
 ED(200-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 200 m (m/ha). *
 ED(300-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 300 m (m/ha). *
 ED(400-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 400 m (m/ha). *
 ED(500-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 500 m (m/ha). *
 ED(600-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 600 m (m/ha). *
 ED(700-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 700 m (m/ha). *
 ED(800-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 800 m (m/ha). *
 ED(900-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 900 m (m/ha). *
 ED(1000-m): edge density in the landscape with a radius of 1000 m (m/ha).
 * ENN_MN(100-m): mean nearest-neighbor distance among grassland patches in
 the landscape with a radius of 100 m (m). * ENN_MN(200-m): mean
 nearest-neighbor distance among grassland patches in the landscape with a
 radius of 200 m (m). * ENN_MN(300-m): mean nearest-neighbor distance among
 grassland patches in the landscape with a radius of 300 m (m). *
 ENN_MN(400-m): mean nearest-neighbor distance among grassland patches in
 the landscape with a radius of 400 m (m). * ENN_MN(500-m): mean
 nearest-neighbor distance among grassland patches in the landscape with a
 radius of 500 m (m). * ENN_MN(600-m): mean nearest-neighbor distance among
 grassland patches in the landscape with a radius of 600 m (m). *
 ENN_MN(700-m): mean nearest-neighbor distance among grassland patches in
 the landscape with a radius of 700 m (m). * ENN_MN(800-m): mean
 nearest-neighbor distance among grassland patches in the landscape with a
 radius of 800 m (m). * ENN_MN(900-m): mean nearest-neighbor distance among
 grassland patches in the landscape with a radius of 900 m (m). *
 ENN_MN(1000-m): mean nearest-neighbor distance among grassland patches in
 the landscape with a radius of 1000 m (m).