DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d0f3b
title: Data from: Pollinator body size mediates the scale at which land use drives crop pollination services

description: 1. Ecosystem services to agriculture, such as pollination, rely on natural
 areas adjacent to farmland to support organisms that provide services.
 Native insect pollinators depend on natural or semi-natural land
 surrounding farms for nesting and alternative foraging resources. Despite
 interest in conserving pollinators through habitat restoration, the scale
 at which land use affects pollinators and thus crop pollination services
 is not well understood. 2. We measured abundance of native, wild bee
 pollinators and the pollination services they provided to highbush
 blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum L. crops at 16 sites that varied in the
 proportion of surrounding agricultural land cover at both the field scale
 (300 m radius) and the landscape scale (1500 m radius). We designed our
 study such that agricultural land cover at the field scale was
 uncorrelated with agricultural cover at the landscape scale across sites.
 We used model selection to determine which spatial scale better predicted
 aggregate bee abundance, abundance of large versus small bees, and crop
 pollination services. 3. We found that, overall, bees responded more
 strongly to farm-scale than to landscape-scale land cover, but the scale
 at which land cover had the strongest effect varied by bee body size.
 Large bees showed a negative response to increasing agricultural cover at
 both scales, but were most strongly affected by the landscape scale. Small
 bees were negatively affected by agricultural land cover but only at the
 farm scale, while they had a small positive response to agricultural cover
 at the landscape scale. 4. Aggregate pollination services from native bees
 were more strongly influenced by local agricultural cover, due to the
 combined effects of both large and small bees responding at that scale. 5.
 Synthesis and applications. Bee abundance and pollination services were
 strongly determined by farm-scale agricultural cover, suggesting that
 farm-scale set-asides may provide significant benefits to pollination
 services. Further, we found that pollinators respond differently to land
 use depending on body size, but all groups of bees benefit from decreasing
 agricultural cover at the farm scale. Therefore, small-scale modifications
 to habitat can have significant impacts on both pollinator abundance and
 pollination services to crop plants.
description: Benjamin site visit
 dataVisitation rate data for
 observed and collected bees visiting blueberry flowers. We used 16 study
 sites in this analysis. For the privacy of our growers, sites have been
 labeled A-P. Sites were visited 9 times ("round") over three
 years ("year"). We also report the mean temperature
 ("avgtemp") and mean wind speed ("avgwind") at the
 start of observation periods for that site visit, and the mean fraction of
 open flowers ("open") for that site visit. Columns labeled
 "and" - "xyl" are codes for bees observed visiting
 flowers; columns labeled "A_screpteropsis" -
 "X_virginica" are genus & species of visitors collected on
 flowers.Benjamin site land use
 dataFraction of agricultural
 cover at each of 16 study sites at each of two radii: 300 m
 ("ag300") and 1500 m ("ag1500").Benjamin single visit
 summary dataSummary data for single
 visits used to determine pollination service to blueberry flowers by
 different species groups. "Species Group" -- for details, see
 Benjamin, Reilly & Winfree (in press). Only pollen grains with tubes
 were included in this data set. Sample size refers only to the number of
 single visits used for each species group. Controls are not
 included.