cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30866612.v1
title: Efficacy and safety of urate-lowering therapies in asymptomatic hyperuricaemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of key clinical outcomes

description: Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia (AH) is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular events, and metabolic disorders. However, controversies persist regarding the clinical use of urate-lowering therapies (ULTs). This study employs a network meta-analysis (NMA) to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of ULTs in AH across seven key endpoints: serum uric acid (SUA), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), composite renal events (CREs) and drug-induced liver injury (DILI). The findings aim to inform clinical decision-making. Four databases were systematically searched from their inception to March 2025 for all relevant literature, screening and evaluating randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing ULTs in AH. A frequentist NMA was conducted using R software. The Risk of Bias 2.0 tool was employed for bias assessment, and therapies were ranked <i>via</i> P-scores. In addition, transitivity assessment, network meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis were also performed. A total of 51 studies involving 8 ULTs and 10,281 subjects were included in this NMA. Random-effects modelling showed that, compared to controls, Verinurad_Febuxostat (P-score = 0.82; pooled mean difference [95% CI]: −3.20 [−4.76 to −1.64]) was the most effective in reducing SUA, Febuxostat (P-score = 0.78; 1.91 [0.47 to 3.35]) was the most effective in improving eGFR, Topiroxostat (P-score = 0.96; −6.10 [−11.75 to −0.45]) was most effective in improving SBP, and Febuxostat (P-score = 0.78; 0.77 [0.61 to 0.98]) reduced the risk of CREs most effectively. A None of the interventions showed significant differences in hs-CRP, MACE, or DILI. The Confidence in Network Meta-Analysis (CINeMA) assessment indicated that the overall quality of evidence was low to moderate. Available evidence suggests that febuxostat not only plays a significant role in lowering SUA levels but also significantly delays the decline in eGFR and reduces the risk of CREs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29973018
title: Emotional stress: a prominent factor positively related to the onset and recurrence of bladder cancer as revealed by NHANES and a Chinese database

description: Bladder cancer and emotional stress are both common physiologic problems, with few published studies and a lack of studies with large samples discussing their association. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between bladder cancer and emotional stress. We used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for the period 2005 to 2020 and the Bladder Cancer Database from Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University. The above two databases were used for two independent cross-sectional studies, respectively. We adopted the method of multivariate logistic regression to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of bladder cancer and depression, as well as the relationship between the recurrence of bladder cancer and emotional stress. Based on the NHANES database, a total of 23,801 participants were enrolled in our study, including 100 participants diagnosed with bladder cancer and 23,701 participants not diagnosed with bladder cancer. After adjustment for covariates, there was a significant positive association between bladder cancer and mild depression (OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.41, 4.00). There was a significant positive association between recurrence of bladder cancer and general depression (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.88) among 303 bladder cancer patients in the Chinese database. This study reveals a strong association between bladder cancer and emotional stress, with patients with bladder cancer having a significant risk of depression and elevated emotional stress potentially associated with bladder cancer recurrence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29973018.v1
title: Emotional stress: a prominent factor positively related to the onset and recurrence of bladder cancer as revealed by NHANES and a Chinese database

description: Bladder cancer and emotional stress are both common physiologic problems, with few published studies and a lack of studies with large samples discussing their association. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between bladder cancer and emotional stress. We used data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for the period 2005 to 2020 and the Bladder Cancer Database from Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University. The above two databases were used for two independent cross-sectional studies, respectively. We adopted the method of multivariate logistic regression to analyze the relationship between the occurrence of bladder cancer and depression, as well as the relationship between the recurrence of bladder cancer and emotional stress. Based on the NHANES database, a total of 23,801 participants were enrolled in our study, including 100 participants diagnosed with bladder cancer and 23,701 participants not diagnosed with bladder cancer. After adjustment for covariates, there was a significant positive association between bladder cancer and mild depression (OR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.41, 4.00). There was a significant positive association between recurrence of bladder cancer and general depression (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.20, 3.88) among 303 bladder cancer patients in the Chinese database. This study reveals a strong association between bladder cancer and emotional stress, with patients with bladder cancer having a significant risk of depression and elevated emotional stress potentially associated with bladder cancer recurrence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30284628
title: Machine learning-based identification of small RNA signatures in aqueous humor as a step toward precision diagnosis of glaucoma

description: Glaucoma is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the optic nerve and one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Small RNAs (including miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms underlying glaucoma remain incompletely understood and current diagnostic tools primarily detect the disease at later stages, when substantial neuronal loss has already occurred. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze small RNA expression in the aqueous humor of patients with glaucomatous disease and identify specific RNA biomarkers associated with disease progression. This prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study involved 51 individuals: 31 adult patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 20 patients with cataracts qualified for elective surgery. A gradient-boosting decision tree classifier was implemented to classify POAG from cataracts. The model performance was rigorously assessed during cross-validation using a suite of metrics, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the ROC curve, accuracy, recall, sensitivity, F1 score, specificity, precision, and negative predictive value. Expression of hsa-miR-21-5p was significantly higher in POAG than that in cataracts, indicating its potential as both a biomarker and therapeutic target. Moreover, miR-210-3p expression was associated with apoptosis occurrence in trabecular meshwork cells treated with TGF-β1. Our study highlights the diagnostic potential of small-RNAs for distinguishing POAG from cataracts by integrating molecular profiling with advanced bioinformatics approaches. These findings provide new avenues for early diagnosis, personalized medicine, and improved clinical management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30284628.v1
title: Machine learning-based identification of small RNA signatures in aqueous humor as a step toward precision diagnosis of glaucoma

description: Glaucoma is a progressive neurodegenerative disease of the optic nerve and one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Small RNAs (including miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms underlying glaucoma remain incompletely understood and current diagnostic tools primarily detect the disease at later stages, when substantial neuronal loss has already occurred. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze small RNA expression in the aqueous humor of patients with glaucomatous disease and identify specific RNA biomarkers associated with disease progression. This prospective, single-center, cross-sectional study involved 51 individuals: 31 adult patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 20 patients with cataracts qualified for elective surgery. A gradient-boosting decision tree classifier was implemented to classify POAG from cataracts. The model performance was rigorously assessed during cross-validation using a suite of metrics, including receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the ROC curve, accuracy, recall, sensitivity, F1 score, specificity, precision, and negative predictive value. Expression of hsa-miR-21-5p was significantly higher in POAG than that in cataracts, indicating its potential as both a biomarker and therapeutic target. Moreover, miR-210-3p expression was associated with apoptosis occurrence in trabecular meshwork cells treated with TGF-β1. Our study highlights the diagnostic potential of small-RNAs for distinguishing POAG from cataracts by integrating molecular profiling with advanced bioinformatics approaches. These findings provide new avenues for early diagnosis, personalized medicine, and improved clinical management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29370999
title: Distinguishing very high-risk patients among high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases: development and validation of a nomogram based on a multicenter population-based retrospective cohort study

description: High-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are highly heterogeneous. This study aimed to developa nomogram for predicting recurrence in patients with high-risk GISTand to provide guidance for adjuvant therapy. Data were retrospectively collected from 971 patients with high-risk GIST who underwent genetic testingat 13 centers in China. A nomogram was constructed in the training cohort and validated in the validation cohort. The training and validation cohorts included 696 and 275 patients, respectively. The nomogram incorporated blood plateletlevels, total protein, tumor location, tumor size, mitotic count, tumor rupture, Ki-67 index, and gene mutations. The C-index and AUC were 0.758 and 0.781 in the training cohort and 0.841 and 0.755, respectively, in the validation cohort. Calibration and DCA curves confirmed favorable discrimination, calibration accuracy, and clinical benefits. Using the nomogram, patients were categorized into a general high-risk groupand a very high-risk group. Among the general high-risk group, no significant difference in RFS was observed between patients who received adjuvant imatinib for 2.5 years or longer. Conversely, in the very high-risk group, patients receiving adjuvant imatinib for five or more years had markedly improved RFS. Based on the largest nomogram-related multicenter study in high-risk GIST, the nomogram accurately predicted RFS in patients with high-risk GIST and provided guidance on adjuvant therapy for the first time. For general high-risk patients, 3 years of adjuvant imatinib is adequate, whereas very high-risk patients benefit significantly from more than 5 years of adjuvant imatinib.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29370999.v1
title: Distinguishing very high-risk patients among high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor cases: development and validation of a nomogram based on a multicenter population-based retrospective cohort study

description: High-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are highly heterogeneous. This study aimed to developa nomogram for predicting recurrence in patients with high-risk GISTand to provide guidance for adjuvant therapy. Data were retrospectively collected from 971 patients with high-risk GIST who underwent genetic testingat 13 centers in China. A nomogram was constructed in the training cohort and validated in the validation cohort. The training and validation cohorts included 696 and 275 patients, respectively. The nomogram incorporated blood plateletlevels, total protein, tumor location, tumor size, mitotic count, tumor rupture, Ki-67 index, and gene mutations. The C-index and AUC were 0.758 and 0.781 in the training cohort and 0.841 and 0.755, respectively, in the validation cohort. Calibration and DCA curves confirmed favorable discrimination, calibration accuracy, and clinical benefits. Using the nomogram, patients were categorized into a general high-risk groupand a very high-risk group. Among the general high-risk group, no significant difference in RFS was observed between patients who received adjuvant imatinib for 2.5 years or longer. Conversely, in the very high-risk group, patients receiving adjuvant imatinib for five or more years had markedly improved RFS. Based on the largest nomogram-related multicenter study in high-risk GIST, the nomogram accurately predicted RFS in patients with high-risk GIST and provided guidance on adjuvant therapy for the first time. For general high-risk patients, 3 years of adjuvant imatinib is adequate, whereas very high-risk patients benefit significantly from more than 5 years of adjuvant imatinib.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29487812
title: The relationship between homocysteine and new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction

description: Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) are linked to an augmented risk of cardiovascular disorders. However, relationship between Hcy and in-hospital new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) among patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains uncertain. This study investigated the association between Hcy and incidence of NOAF in patients with AMI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study, involving 3,347 patients with AMI. Participants were categorized into tertiles on the basis of Hcy levels during admission, and the outcome was the incidence of NOAF. Logistic regression models were employed to explored the associations between Hcy and NOAF when adjusting for potential confounders. Non-linear relationships were explored using generalized additive models (GAMs) and threshold effect analyses. Stratified analyses were performed to explore the robustness and potential interaction effects of other clinical factors on Hcy-NOAF relationship. Higher Hcy were consistently linked with a greater likelihood of in-hospital NOAF across all models (OR: 1.03, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). GAM analyses revealed a nonlinear association with a steeper increase in NOAF risk at higher Hcy levels. Threshold effect analysis identified a turning point at 34.27 μmol/L and below this point the association between Hcy and NOAF was stronger. Stratified analyses indicated a stronger in patients with smaller left atrial anterior-posterior diameter (LAAD). A nonlinear association has been identified between elevated Hcy and the likelihood of in-hospital NOAF among individuals diagnosed with AMI, particularly among those with smaller LAAD measurements.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29487812.v1
title: The relationship between homocysteine and new-onset atrial fibrillation in patients with acute myocardial infarction

description: Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) are linked to an augmented risk of cardiovascular disorders. However, relationship between Hcy and in-hospital new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) among patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains uncertain. This study investigated the association between Hcy and incidence of NOAF in patients with AMI. We conducted a retrospective cohort study, involving 3,347 patients with AMI. Participants were categorized into tertiles on the basis of Hcy levels during admission, and the outcome was the incidence of NOAF. Logistic regression models were employed to explored the associations between Hcy and NOAF when adjusting for potential confounders. Non-linear relationships were explored using generalized additive models (GAMs) and threshold effect analyses. Stratified analyses were performed to explore the robustness and potential interaction effects of other clinical factors on Hcy-NOAF relationship. Higher Hcy were consistently linked with a greater likelihood of in-hospital NOAF across all models (OR: 1.03, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). GAM analyses revealed a nonlinear association with a steeper increase in NOAF risk at higher Hcy levels. Threshold effect analysis identified a turning point at 34.27 μmol/L and below this point the association between Hcy and NOAF was stronger. Stratified analyses indicated a stronger in patients with smaller left atrial anterior-posterior diameter (LAAD). A nonlinear association has been identified between elevated Hcy and the likelihood of in-hospital NOAF among individuals diagnosed with AMI, particularly among those with smaller LAAD measurements.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29819390
title: Immune checkpoint changes correlate with the progression and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) urgently requires robust biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic stratification. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of membrane-bound and soluble immune checkpoint molecules in ALS pathogenesis. In the present study at Fujian Medical Union Hospital, 72 participants (46 ALS and 26 healthy controls [HC]) underwent flow cytometry analysis of PD-1 expression in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and its subsets. A second cohort (<i>n</i> = 93, 44 ALS, 30 HC and 19 ALS mimics [Mimics]) was evaluated using Luminex technology for 14 serum immune checkpoint molecules. A single-molecule array was used to screen the neurofilament light chain (NFL) in serum. Flow cytometry revealed elevated PD1 expression in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, particularly in Th9 and Th17 subsets (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). ALS patients exhibiting a greater percentage of PD-1 in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells showed accelerated functional decline. Serum analyses identified four elevated soluble checkpoints in ALS versus both HCs and Mimics (sPD-1/sBTLA/sCTLA-4/sCD27, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with sCD28/TIM-3 showing higher in ALS than in Mimics, and sGITR/sCD137/sIDO/sCD80/sLAG3/sPD-L2 elevating in ALS compared to HCs. Soluble TIM-3 correlated inversely with ALSFRS-R, while sPD-L1 demonstrated dual associations: negative with ALSFRS-R and positive with NFL (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Our research demonstrated a considerable increase in membrane-bound and soluble PD-1 in ALS patients, correlating with disease progression and worse prognosis. Furthermore, we explored 13 other immune checkpoint molecules. Collectively, these molecules may be implicated in peripheral immune mechanisms underlying ALS pathogenesis. While baseline PD-1 levels show some association with prognosis, their elevation potentially indicates an unfavorable course.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29819390.v1
title: Immune checkpoint changes correlate with the progression and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) urgently requires robust biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic stratification. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic potential of membrane-bound and soluble immune checkpoint molecules in ALS pathogenesis. In the present study at Fujian Medical Union Hospital, 72 participants (46 ALS and 26 healthy controls [HC]) underwent flow cytometry analysis of PD-1 expression in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and its subsets. A second cohort (<i>n</i> = 93, 44 ALS, 30 HC and 19 ALS mimics [Mimics]) was evaluated using Luminex technology for 14 serum immune checkpoint molecules. A single-molecule array was used to screen the neurofilament light chain (NFL) in serum. Flow cytometry revealed elevated PD1 expression in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, particularly in Th9 and Th17 subsets (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). ALS patients exhibiting a greater percentage of PD-1 in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells showed accelerated functional decline. Serum analyses identified four elevated soluble checkpoints in ALS versus both HCs and Mimics (sPD-1/sBTLA/sCTLA-4/sCD27, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with sCD28/TIM-3 showing higher in ALS than in Mimics, and sGITR/sCD137/sIDO/sCD80/sLAG3/sPD-L2 elevating in ALS compared to HCs. Soluble TIM-3 correlated inversely with ALSFRS-R, while sPD-L1 demonstrated dual associations: negative with ALSFRS-R and positive with NFL (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Our research demonstrated a considerable increase in membrane-bound and soluble PD-1 in ALS patients, correlating with disease progression and worse prognosis. Furthermore, we explored 13 other immune checkpoint molecules. Collectively, these molecules may be implicated in peripheral immune mechanisms underlying ALS pathogenesis. While baseline PD-1 levels show some association with prognosis, their elevation potentially indicates an unfavorable course.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30550920
title: ACT001 alleviates MASLD through gut microbiota–bile acid–FXR axis in mice

description: ACT001 is a novel sesquiterpene lactone derivative with noteworthy antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of ACT001 against metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) pathogenesis in two established murine models, and to elucidate its regulatory role in the gut microbiota–bile acid–FXR axis. A high-fat diet (HFD) and a methionine–choline-deficient (MCD) diet induced two MASLD models in C57BL/6J mice. Histological analysis was performed, biochemical indices were measured, and the expression of tight junctions and farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-related pathways was detected. Gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rDNA sequencing, while bile acids (BAs) in fecal samples were analyzed using UPLC/MS–MS. ACT001 decreased liver injury, alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation, and restored intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, 16S rDNA illustrated that ACT001 could partially rebalance intestinal dysbacteriosis and upregulate the relative abundance of various bacteria, especially <i>Clostridium</i> and <i>Erysipelotrichaceae</i>_<i>Clostridium</i>. Moreover, ACT001 facilitated the generation of uncombined BAs and accumulated specific BAs within the ileum, such as 23-Nor-deoxycholic acid (23-DCA) and lithocholic acid-3-sulfate (LCA-3S), which had a downregulation effect on the expression of the enteral FXR–fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) pathway. ACT001 exerted a multifactorial therapeutic effect on MASLD, potentially linked to the regulation of the gut microbiota–BAs–FXR axis. Thus, it has the potential to be an effective treatment for MASLD.