DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jb85f
title: Data from: Trophic sensitivity of invasive predator and native prey interactions: integrating environmental context and climate change

description: Climate change is predicted to intensify the impacts of invasive species
 by enhancing their performance relative to their native counterparts.
 However, few studies have compared the performance of invasive predators
 and native prey, despite the fact that non-native predators are well known
 to disrupt native communities. The ‘trophic sensitivity hypothesis’
 suggests that predators are less tolerant of increasing environmental
 stress than their prey, whereas the ‘tolerant invaders hypothesis’
 suggests that invaders are more tolerant than native species due to
 selection during the introduction process. It is therefore unclear how
 invasive predators will respond to increasing climate stressors. We
 coupled physiological measurements (thermal tolerance, thermal optima,
 salinity tolerance, predation rate) with environmental time-series data to
 assess the effects of warming and extreme low salinity events on
 non-native predators (gastropods) and native prey (oysters) from a coastal
 ecosystem. In general support of the trophic sensitivity hypothesis, we
 found that both non-native predators exhibited lower thermal optima
 relative to native prey, lower salinity tolerance and one predator was
 less tolerant of warming. However, because warming tolerance was extremely
 high (i.e. habitat temperature is 7·9–21 °C below thermal tolerance),
 near-term warming may first increase predator performance (consumption and
 growth rates), with negative effects on prey. Low salinity will likely
 produce heterogeneous effects on predator–prey interactions due to varying
 watershed sizes among estuaries that control the duration of low salinity
 events. The trophic sensitivity hypothesis may be a useful framework for
 understanding community responses to extreme climate change, which
 portends a decoupling of predator–prey interactions. However, we conclude
 that this hypothesis must be evaluated in environmental context and that
 coupling physiological metrics with in situ environmental data offers the
 best predictive power of near-term climate change impacts on invaded
 communities. Within our study system, warming is likely to intensify the
 impacts of both invasive predators, which may greatly reduce the abundance
 of the native oyster, a species of conservation and restoration focus.
description: Thermal tolerance
 dataThermal tolerance data
 from the heat bar experiment. Each row is an individual animal and each
 column describes the conditions and response for that animal.
 "tube" refers to the tube number for the heat bar.
 "row" refers to the row within the heat bar. "Species"
 refers to Oyster (Ostrea lurida), Atlantic drill (Urosalpinx cinerea), and
 Japanese drill (Ocenebra inornata). "temp" refers to the
 temperature during the last hour of exposure in degrees Celsius.
 "alive" refers to whether or not the animal was alive the
 following day after heat exposure (Y = yes, N = no). "survival"
 is a binary coding for the alive response (1 = yes, 0 = no).
 "size" is the shell height of the animal in
 millimeters."time" refers to the temporal block during which the
 experiment was conducted (1,2, or 3).Cheng et al Thermal Tolerance
 Data.csvSalinity Tolerance Data
 - GastropodsSalinity tolerance data
 for oyster drills (gastropods). Each row is an individual animal and each
 column is a variable. "species" refers to Urosalpinx (Atlantic
 oyster drill) and Ocenebra (Japanese oyster drill). "salinity"
 is the exposure salinity in practical salinity units. "duration"
 is the length of exposure in days. "size" is the shell height in
 millimeters. "alive" is whether or not the animal survived the
 salinity exposure. "survival" is a numerical code for
 "alive" where 1 = alive and 0 = death.Cheng et al Salinity Tolerance
 Data.csvSalinity Tolerance Data
 - OystersSalinity tolerance data
 for Olympia oysters (Ostrea lurida). Each row is an individual animal and
 each column is a variable. "species" refers to oysters
 (invariant). "Salinity" is the exposure salinity in practical
 salinity units. "size" is the shell height in millimeters.
 "alive" is whether the animal survived the salinity exposure
 (yes or no). "Survival" is a numerical code for the
 "alive" variable (1 = alive, 0 = dead). "Duration" is
 the number of days that the animal was exposed to the target
 salinity.Cheng et al Salinity Tolerance
 Data Oysters.csvThermal Growth High
 Ration Data - OystersOyster growth data for
 thermal performance curve. Each row is an individual oyster and each
 column is a variable. "tile" refers to a numbered value assigned
 to each pvc square that oysters were settled upon. "tile.side"
 is the side upon which the oyster was located (a or b).
 "oyster.no" is a unique number assigned to every oyster.
 "tank" is the number assigned to each 38 liter tank during the
 experiment. "temp" is the temperature in degrees Celsius.
 "initial.area" is the shell area centimeters squared for that
 oyster at the beginning of the experiment. "area" is the final
 area in centimeters squared after the temperature
 exposure.Cheng et al Oyster Growth High
 Ration.csvThermal Growth Low
 Ration Data - OystersGrowth data for low
 ration oyster experiment. Each row is an individual animal and each column
 is a variable. "food.ration" is low (invariant).
 "tile" refers to the pvc plate that each oyster is assigned to.
 "initial.area" is the size in centimeters squared for the oyster
 at the beginning of the experiment. "final.area" is the oyster
 size in centimeters squared at the end of the experiment.
 "group" is a numerical code for the temperature treatment.
 "temp" is the temperature that the oysters were assigned to in
 degrees Celsius. "growth" is the difference between the final
 and initial size in centimeters squared. "cum.growth" is the
 cumulative growth for each tile in centimeters squared.Cheng et al Oyster Growth Low
 Ration.csvThermal Growth High
 Ration Data - GastropodsThermal growth data for
 the gastropods under high ration availability. Each row is an individual
 animal and each column is a variable. "species" is either
 Atlantic drill (Urosalpinx cinerea) or Japanese drill (Ocenebra inornata).
 "snail.no" is a unique number given to every experimental snail.
 "teaball" is a number given to each housing.
 "temperature" is the water temperature that each snail was
 exposed to in degrees Celsius. "tank" is the tank number that
 each teaball was housed in. "alive" is a numerical code for
 whether or not the snail survived the experiment (1 = alive, 0 = dead).
 "initial.sh" is the shell height of each snail at the beginning
 of the experiment in millimeters. "final.sh" is the shell heigh
 of each snail at the end of the experiment in millimeters.
 "final.sh.width" is the shell width (at widest point) at the end
 of the experiment. "notes" are given for a subset of
 snails.Cheng et al Gastropod Growth
 High Ration.csvEnvironmental Data
 Tomales - Middle BayPhysical environmental
 data from "Middle Bay" site within Tomales Bay, CA. Data was
 collected with a YSI 6920V2 sonde deployed at latitude 38.150328 degrees
 and longitude -122.905767 degrees. Data collection began on November 24,
 2010 and ended on January 16, 2014. Each row is an observation and each
 column is a variable. "date" is the date in month/day/year
 format. "time" is the local time in hour:minute:second format.
 "DateTimeStamp" is a concatenated string of "date" and
 "time". "temp" is the water temperature in degrees
 Celsius. "spcond" is the specific conductivity in millisiemens
 per centimeter. "salinity" is the calculated salinity from
 specific conductivity in practical salinity units. "pH" is the
 water column pH in total scale. "do.sat" is the dissolved oxygen
 in percent saturation. "do.mgl" is the dissolved oxygen in
 milligrams per liter.Cheng et al Environmental
 Data.csvEnvironmental Data
 Tomales - Inner BayEnvironmental data from
 Tomales Bay, CA. Temperature data collected with an iButton data logger
 (DS-1922L). Logger was deployed at 0.0 meters above mean lower low water
 level at latitude 38.115117 degrees and longtitude -122.870695 degrees.
 "date.time" is the date and time in month/dat/year hour:minute
 format. "oday" is the ordinal day. "tide.time" is the
 time of sea level measurements. "aerial.exposure" is whether the
 sensor is estimated to be in air or water given the tide.
 "water.temp" is the temperature of the water in degrees Celsius.
 "air.temp" is the temperature of the air in degrees
 Celsius.Cheng et al Environmental Data
 Inner Bay.csv