DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3bf67
title: Data from: Host manipulation by an ichneumonid spider ectoparasitoid that takes advantage of preprogrammed web-building behaviour for its cocoon protection

description: Host manipulation by parasites and parasitoids is a fascinating phenomenon
 within evolutionary ecology, representing an example of extended
 phenotypes. To elucidate the mechanism of host manipulation, revealing the
 origin and function of the invoked actions is essential. Our study focused
 on the ichneumonid spider ectoparasitoid Reclinervellus nielseni, which
 turns its host spider (Cyclosa argenteoalba) into a drugged navvy, to
 modify the web structure into a more persistent cocoon web so that the
 wasp can pupate safely on this web after the spider's death. We
 focused on whether the cocoon web originated from the resting web that an
 unparasitized spider builds before moulting, by comparing web structures,
 building behaviour and silk spectral/tensile properties. We found that
 both resting and cocoon webs have reduced numbers of radii decorated by
 numerous fibrous threads and specific decorating behaviour was identical,
 suggesting that the cocoon web in this system has roots in the innate
 resting web and ecdysteroid-related components may be responsible for the
 manipulation. We also show that these decorations reflect UV light,
 possibly to prevent damage by flying web-destroyers such as birds or large
 insects. Furthermore, the tensile test revealed that the spider is induced
 to repeat certain behavioural steps in addition to resting web
 construction so that many more threads are laid down for web
 reinforcement.
description: Appendix 1 radii in
 normal orb webs Raw data of tensile test
 of radii in normal orb webs with graphs regarding force-strain curve. In
 all graphs, X-axis is strain and Y-axis is force [mN]. First graph (above)
 is raw force-strain curve, second (middle or below) is thirty points'
 moving-averaged force-strain curve, and third (below) is extract of
 initial slope used for calculation of Young's modulus, if any. All
 sample names described in each sheet in this category are designated as OR
 (meaning orb web radius) with the number behind hyphen representing each
 sample (individual web) and the lowercase alphabet representing
 replicates.   
 Appendix 2 frames in
 normal orb webs Raw data of tensile test
 of frame threads in normal orb webs with graphs regarding force-strain
 curve. In all graphs, X-axis is strain and Y-axis is force [mN]. First
 graph (above) is raw force-strain curve, second (middle) is thirty
 points' moving-averaged force-strain curve, and third (below) is
 extract of initial slope used for calculation of Young's modulus, if
 any. All sample names described in each sheet in this category are
 designated as OF (meaning orb web frame thread) with the number behind
 hyphen representing each sample (individual web). In this category, there
 is no replicates (a thread from one web).   
 Appendix 3 radii in
 resting webs Raw data of tensile test
 of radii in resting webs with graphs regarding force-strain curve. In all
 graphs, X-axis is strain and Y-axis is force [mN]. First graph (above) is
 raw force-strain curve, second (middle) is thirty points'
 moving-averaged force-strain curve, and third (below) is extract of
 initial slope used for calculation of Young's modulus. All sample
 names described in each sheet in this category are designated as RR
 (meaning resting web radius) with the number behind hyphen representing
 each sample (individual web) and the lowercase alphabet representing
 replicates.   
 Appendix 4 frames in
 resting webs Raw data of tensile test
 of frame threads in resting webs with graphs regarding force-strain curve.
 In all graphs, X-axis is strain and Y-axis is force [mN]. First graph
 (above) is raw force-strain curve, second (middle) is thirty points'
 moving-averaged force-strain curve, and third (below) is extract of
 initial slope used for calculation of Young's modulus. All sample
 names described in each sheet in this category are designated as RF
 (meaning resting web frame thread) with the number behind hyphen
 representing each sample (individual web). In this category, there is no
 replicates (a thread from one web).   
 Appendix 5 radii in
 cocoon webs Raw data of tensile test
 of radii in cocoon webs with graphs regarding force-strain curve. In all
 graphs, X-axis is strain and Y-axis is force [mN]. First graph (above) is
 raw force-strain curve, second (middle or below) is thirty points'
 moving-averaged force-strain curve, and third (below) is extract of
 initial slope used for calculation of Young's modulus, if any. All
 sample names described in each sheet in this category are designated as CR
 (meaning cocoon web radius) with the number behind hyphen representing
 each sample (individual web) and the lowercase alphabet representing
 replicates.   
 Appendix 6 frames in
 cocoon webs Raw data of tensile test
 of frame threads in cocoon webs with graphs regarding force-strain curve.
 In all graphs, X-axis is strain and Y-axis is force [mN]. First graph
 (above) is raw force-strain curve, second (middle) is thirty points'
 moving-averaged force-strain curve, and third (below) is extract of
 initial slope used for calculation of Young's modulus. All sample
 names described in each sheet in this category are designated as CF
 (meaning cocoon web frame thread) with the number behind hyphen
 representing each sample (individual web) and the lowercase alphabet
 representing replicates.   Appendix 7 raw data used for
 statistical analysis Raw data used for statistical
 analysis of tensile properties. Three sheets are presented; "Thread
 diameter (μm)", "Tensile properties", and
 "Analysis". The first sheet shows raw data on
 thread diameters in column D, the average values of intra-samples in
 column E, and the log-transformed averaged values in column F. Note that
 there are several errors and omitted data at the time of publication, so
 corresponding data are coloured and annotated in columns I-M. Correct
 values and their log-transformed values are shown in columns G and
 H. The second sheet shows breaking strain (column D),
 breaking force (column F), raw Young's modulus (column J), breaking
 stress (column L), and Young's modulus (column N). Column I shows
 representative diameters used to calculate breaking stress and
 Young's modulus. The values in columns L and N, which are partly
 incorrect because of incorrect thread diameters, were used for statistical
 analysis at the time of publication. Columns M and O show correct breaking
 stress and Young's modulus recalculated using correct thread
 diameters. The third sheet shows tidy data (linked with
 the previous two sheets) used for statistical analysis and a table of the
 results of ANOVA and the Tukey-Kramer test for multiple comparisons as a
 post hoc test. The tidy data show both datasets used for published results
 and those with corrected values. Changed values since publication are
 cloured. Regarding the statistical results of thread diameter, breaking
 stress, and Young's modulus, both published results with partly wrong
 dataset and reanalyzed results with correct dataset exhibit no difference
 among statistical relationships.