DOI: 10.3886/icpsr38732
title: COVID-19 and the Experiences of Populations at Greater Risk: Wave 1, United States, 2020-2021
title: Archival Version

description: In the context of COVID-19, RAND and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation have partnered to
build from the National Survey of Health Attitudes to implement a longitudinal survey to
understand how health views and values have been affected by the experience of the
pandemic, with particular focus on populations deemed vulnerable or underserved, including
people of color and those from low-to moderate-income backgrounds.

This is the first of a four-wave survey intended for individuals and organizations interested in learning more about public attitudes
about a Culture of Health and how COVID-19 specifically may influence views about health,
health investments, and how different populations are affected.
This a longitudinal study, collecting data in four waves. The study also included 2 populations: A sample of populations at greater risk, and a general population sample. This study includes the results for Wave 1 for populations at greater risk.

Demographic info includes sex, marital status, household size, race and ethnicity, family income, employment status, age, and census region.
description: The objectives of this
survey were:

To understand the experience of COVID-19, with particular focus on underserved
populations, especially in terms of income and race and ethnicity
To examine how these populations may be thinking about COVID-19 in the context of
health mindset and expectations, the role of government versus the private sector, and
health equity and to explore how this thinking evolves as communities continue to
experience impacts but also recover
To identify, over time, whether American views about health and health equity have
evolved and, in short, assess whether the progress toward a Culture of Health has evolved
(e.g., greater understanding of what influences health, the existence of health inequities,
the willingness and action to engage civically for health).
description: Data were collected via the RAND American Life Panel (ALP) and the KnowledgePanel. Both
are nationally representative internet panels recruited via probability-based sampling methods.
Both provide computers and internet connections for respondents who do not already have them.
Both surveys were fielded from June 29 through July 22, 2020. The two survey efforts combined
resulted in a final total sample of 5,164 completed surveys.
description: To make the sample
representative of the selected population (or the overall population), the principal investigator used weighting, a statistical adjustment.
To create weights to match the distribution of characteristics in the sample as
closely as possible to that of the population from the 2019 Current Population
Survey (CPS), a raking algorithm was used, following the methods described in Deming
(1943) and Deville, Särndal, and Sautory (1993). The aim was to match population
proportions on interactions of gender and race and ethnicity, gender and
education, and gender and age and household income interacted with household
size.
description: Response Rates: 61.9%
description: Respondents for the KnowledgePanel (now part of Ipsos, previously GfK)
and the RAND American Life Panel were recruited using probability-based
methods (such as Address Based Sampling and Random Digit Dialing).

In both panels, respondents who are Black, Hispanic, or Asian were
oversampled. The KnowledgePanel sample was limited to individuals in households with incomes under $125,000. The
ALP sample limited White individuals to those with household incomes under
$125,000 but imposed no income limits on Black, Hispanic, or Asian respondents.

Four surveys were conducted. All respondents to the first survey were invited for the last three surveys.

In addition to the
data described above, data from respondents of higher income was collected.
This group included panelists with incomes between $75,000
and $125,000 who were not randomly selected for the COVID-19 and the Experiences
of Populations at Greater Risk Survey and all panelists with incomes over
$125,000. These data are also available.
description: Datasets: 
DS1: COVID-19 and the Experiences of Populations at Greater Risk: Wave 1, United States, 2020-2021
description: Adult population of the United States, with oversamples of Black, Hispanic, and Asian. Sample restricted to households with income under $125,000 per year. Smallest Geographic Unit: Census region
description: web-based surveyRespondents can be linked across all four waves using the <strong> RANDID </strong> variable.For more information, please visit the study report page on the RAND Corporation website.