cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006924
title: Environmental pollution and deaths due to stroke in a city with low levels of air pollution: ecological time series study

description: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Little has been discussed about the increased risk of stroke after exposure to air pollutants, particularly in Brazil. The mechanisms through which air pollution can influence occurrences of vascular events such as stroke are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between exposure to some air pollutants and risk of death due to stroke.DESIGN AND SETTING: Ecological time series study with data from São José dos Campos, Brazil.METHODS: Data on deaths due to stroke among individuals of all ages living in São José dos Campos and on particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and ozone were used. Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized additive model of Poisson regression with the Statistica software, in unipollutant and multipollutant models. The percentage increase in the risk of increased interquartile difference was calculated.RESULTS: There were 1,032 deaths due to stroke, ranging from 0 to 5 per day. The statistical significance of the exposure to particulate matter was ascertained in the unipollutant model and the importance of particulate matter and sulfur dioxide, in the multipollutant model. The increases in risk were 10% and 7%, for particulate matter and sulfur dioxide, respectively.CONCLUSION: It was possible to identify exposure to air pollutants as a risk factor for death due to stroke, even in a city with low levels of air pollution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006924.v1
title: Environmental pollution and deaths due to stroke in a city with low levels of air pollution: ecological time series study

description: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Little has been discussed about the increased risk of stroke after exposure to air pollutants, particularly in Brazil. The mechanisms through which air pollution can influence occurrences of vascular events such as stroke are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between exposure to some air pollutants and risk of death due to stroke.DESIGN AND SETTING: Ecological time series study with data from São José dos Campos, Brazil.METHODS: Data on deaths due to stroke among individuals of all ages living in São José dos Campos and on particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and ozone were used. Statistical analysis was performed using a generalized additive model of Poisson regression with the Statistica software, in unipollutant and multipollutant models. The percentage increase in the risk of increased interquartile difference was calculated.RESULTS: There were 1,032 deaths due to stroke, ranging from 0 to 5 per day. The statistical significance of the exposure to particulate matter was ascertained in the unipollutant model and the importance of particulate matter and sulfur dioxide, in the multipollutant model. The increases in risk were 10% and 7%, for particulate matter and sulfur dioxide, respectively.CONCLUSION: It was possible to identify exposure to air pollutants as a risk factor for death due to stroke, even in a city with low levels of air pollution.
DOI: 10.7916/d8-37sa-gy34
title:  GRID3 Mozambique Settlement Extents Version 02, Alpha

description: NOTE: This initial version of the Mozambique settlement extents has been superseded by the final version, "GRID3 Mozambique Settlement Extents, Version 01", now available here: https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-m2sf-ha59 The database constitutes a comprehensive set of settlement polygons nationwide. It is in geodatabase format and consists of three feature classes for built up areas (BUA), small settlement areas (SSA), and hamlets (hamlets). This work has been undertaken as part of the Geo-referenced Infrastructure and Demographic Data for Development (GRID3) initiative. GRID3 works with countries to generate, validate and use geospatial data on population, settlements, infrastructure, and subnational boundaries. For more information, see https://grid3.org/ Keywords: built up areas, BUA, small settlement areas, SSA, hamlets, settlement aggregation, settlement extent, CIESIN, GRID3, Novel-T
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006926
title: Relationship between silent atrial fibrillation and the maximum heart rate in the 24-hour Holter: cross-sectional study

description: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Occurrences of asymptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) are common. It is important to identify AF because it increases morbidity and mortality. 24-hour Holter has been used to detect paroxysmal AF (PAF). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between occurrence of PAF in 24-hour Holter and the symptoms of the population studied.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at a cardiology hospital.METHODS: 11,321 consecutive 24-hour Holter tests performed at a referral service were analyzed. Patients with pacemakers or with AF throughout the recording were excluded.RESULTS: There were 75 tests (0.67%) with PAF. The mean age was 67 ± 13 years and 45% were female. The heart rate (HR) over the 24 hours was a minimum of 45 ± 8 bpm, mean of 74 ± 17 bpm and maximum of 151 ± 32 bpm. Among the tests showing PAF, only 26% had symptoms. The only factor tested that showed a correlation with symptomatic AF was maximum HR (165 ± 34 versus 147 ± 30 bpm) (P = 0.03). Use of beta blockers had a protective effect against occurrence of PAF symptoms (odds ratio: 0.24, P = 0.031).CONCLUSIONS: PAF is a rare event in 24-hour Holter. The maximum HR during the 24 hours was the only factor correlated with symptomatic AF, and use of beta blockers had a protective effect against AF symptom occurrence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006926.v1
title: Relationship between silent atrial fibrillation and the maximum heart rate in the 24-hour Holter: cross-sectional study

description: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Occurrences of asymptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF) are common. It is important to identify AF because it increases morbidity and mortality. 24-hour Holter has been used to detect paroxysmal AF (PAF). The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between occurrence of PAF in 24-hour Holter and the symptoms of the population studied.DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at a cardiology hospital.METHODS: 11,321 consecutive 24-hour Holter tests performed at a referral service were analyzed. Patients with pacemakers or with AF throughout the recording were excluded.RESULTS: There were 75 tests (0.67%) with PAF. The mean age was 67 ± 13 years and 45% were female. The heart rate (HR) over the 24 hours was a minimum of 45 ± 8 bpm, mean of 74 ± 17 bpm and maximum of 151 ± 32 bpm. Among the tests showing PAF, only 26% had symptoms. The only factor tested that showed a correlation with symptomatic AF was maximum HR (165 ± 34 versus 147 ± 30 bpm) (P = 0.03). Use of beta blockers had a protective effect against occurrence of PAF symptoms (odds ratio: 0.24, P = 0.031).CONCLUSIONS: PAF is a rare event in 24-hour Holter. The maximum HR during the 24 hours was the only factor correlated with symptomatic AF, and use of beta blockers had a protective effect against AF symptom occurrence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006930
title: Bilateral maculopathy following electrical burn: case report

description: CONTEXT: Electrical burns are an important etiology in dealing with patients suffering from burns. In situations of extensive deep lesions of multiple organs and systems affecting young and economically active people, there is a need for expensive multidisciplinary treatment, with a high socioeconomic cost for the community. Among the permanent injuries that explain this high cost, eye injuries stand out, since they are widely disabling. Although rare, lesions of the posterior segment of the eye are associated with higher incidence of major sequelae, and thus deserve special attention for dissemination and discussion of the few cases observed.CASE REPORT: The authors report the case of a patient who suffered high-voltage electrical burns and presented bilateral maculopathy, which evolved with a need for a surgical approach to repair retinal detachment and permanent low visual acuity.CONCLUSION: This report highlights the rarity of the etiology of maculopathy and the need for campaigns for prevention not only of burns in general, but also especially of electrical burns.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006930.v1
title: Bilateral maculopathy following electrical burn: case report

description: CONTEXT: Electrical burns are an important etiology in dealing with patients suffering from burns. In situations of extensive deep lesions of multiple organs and systems affecting young and economically active people, there is a need for expensive multidisciplinary treatment, with a high socioeconomic cost for the community. Among the permanent injuries that explain this high cost, eye injuries stand out, since they are widely disabling. Although rare, lesions of the posterior segment of the eye are associated with higher incidence of major sequelae, and thus deserve special attention for dissemination and discussion of the few cases observed.CASE REPORT: The authors report the case of a patient who suffered high-voltage electrical burns and presented bilateral maculopathy, which evolved with a need for a surgical approach to repair retinal detachment and permanent low visual acuity.CONCLUSION: This report highlights the rarity of the etiology of maculopathy and the need for campaigns for prevention not only of burns in general, but also especially of electrical burns.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006932.v1
title: Pituitary macroadenoma presenting as a nasal tumor: case report

description: CONTEXT: Pituitary macroadenomas are rare intracranial tumors. In a few cases, they may present aggressive behavior and invade the sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity, causing unusual symptoms. In this paper, we report an atypical case of pituitary adenoma presenting as a nasal mass.CASE REPORT: The patient was a 44-year-old woman who had had amenorrhea and galactorrhea for ten months, with associated nasal obstruction, macroglossia and acromegaly. Both growth hormone and prolactin levels were increased. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large mass originating from the lower surface of the pituitary gland, associated with sella turcica erosion and tumor extension through the sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a chromophobe pituitary adenoma with densely packed rounded epithelial cells, with some atypias and rare mitotic figures. There was no evidence of metastases.CONCLUSION: Macroadenoma invading the nasal cavity is a rare condition and few similar cases have been reported in the literature. This study contributes towards showing that tumor extension to the sphenoid sinus and nasopharynx needs to be considered and investigated in order to make an early diagnosis when atypical symptoms like nasal obstruction are present.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20006932
title: Pituitary macroadenoma presenting as a nasal tumor: case report

description: CONTEXT: Pituitary macroadenomas are rare intracranial tumors. In a few cases, they may present aggressive behavior and invade the sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity, causing unusual symptoms. In this paper, we report an atypical case of pituitary adenoma presenting as a nasal mass.CASE REPORT: The patient was a 44-year-old woman who had had amenorrhea and galactorrhea for ten months, with associated nasal obstruction, macroglossia and acromegaly. Both growth hormone and prolactin levels were increased. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a large mass originating from the lower surface of the pituitary gland, associated with sella turcica erosion and tumor extension through the sphenoid sinus and nasal cavity. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a chromophobe pituitary adenoma with densely packed rounded epithelial cells, with some atypias and rare mitotic figures. There was no evidence of metastases.CONCLUSION: Macroadenoma invading the nasal cavity is a rare condition and few similar cases have been reported in the literature. This study contributes towards showing that tumor extension to the sphenoid sinus and nasopharynx needs to be considered and investigated in order to make an early diagnosis when atypical symptoms like nasal obstruction are present.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19849596
title: Ecuadorian <i>Coptoborus</i> beetles harbor <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Graphium</i> fungi previously associated with <i>Euwallacea</i> ambrosia beetles

description: Ambrosia beetles from the scolytine tribe Xyleborini (Curculionidae) are important to the decomposition of woody plant material on every continent except Antarctica. These insects farm fungi on the walls of tunnels they build inside recently dead trees and rely on the fungi for nutrition during all stages of their lives. Such ambrosia fungi rely on the beetles to provide appropriate substrates and environmental conditions for growth. A small minority of xyleborine ambrosia beetle–fungal partnerships cause significant damage to healthy trees. The xyleborine beetle <i>Coptoborus ochromactonus</i> vectors a <i>Fusarium</i> (Hypocreales) fungus that is lethal to balsa (<i>Ochroma pyramidale</i> (Malvaceae)) trees in Ecuador. Although this pathogenic fungus and its associated beetle are not known to be established in the United States, several other non-native ambrosia beetle species are vectors of destructive plant diseases in this country. This fact and the acceleration of trade between South America and the United States demonstrate the importance of understanding fungal plant pathogens before they escape their native ranges. Here we identify the fungi accompanying <i>Coptoborus</i> ambrosia beetles collected in Ecuador. Classification based ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS) sequences revealed the most prevalent fungi associated with <i>Coptoborus</i> are <i>Fusarium</i> sp. and <i>Graphium</i> sp. (Microascales: Microascaceae), which have been confirmed as ambrosia fungi for xyleborine ambrosia beetles, and <i>Clonostsachys</i> sp. (Hypocreales), which is a diverse genus found abundantly in soils and associated with plants. Phylogenetic analyses of the <i>Fusarium</i> strains based on ITS, translation elongation factor (<i>EF1-α</i>), and two subunits of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II (<i>RPB1</i> and <i>RPB2</i>) identified them as <i>Fusarium</i> sp. AF-9 in the Ambrosia <i>Fusarium</i> Clade (AFC). This <i>Fusarium</i> species was previously associated with a few xyleborine ambrosia beetles, most notably the species complex <i>Euwallacea fornicatus</i> (Eichhoff 1868) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini). Examination of ITS and <i>EF1-α</i> sequences showed a close affinity between the <i>Graphium</i> isolated from <i>Coptoborus</i> spp. and other xyleborine-associated <i>Graphium</i> as well as the soil fungus <i>Graphium basitruncatum</i>. This characterization of ambrosia fungi through DNA sequencing confirms the identity of a putative plant pathogen spread by <i>Coptoborus</i> beetles and expands the documented range of <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Graphium</i> ambrosia fungi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19849596.v1
title: Ecuadorian <i>Coptoborus</i> beetles harbor <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Graphium</i> fungi previously associated with <i>Euwallacea</i> ambrosia beetles

description: Ambrosia beetles from the scolytine tribe Xyleborini (Curculionidae) are important to the decomposition of woody plant material on every continent except Antarctica. These insects farm fungi on the walls of tunnels they build inside recently dead trees and rely on the fungi for nutrition during all stages of their lives. Such ambrosia fungi rely on the beetles to provide appropriate substrates and environmental conditions for growth. A small minority of xyleborine ambrosia beetle–fungal partnerships cause significant damage to healthy trees. The xyleborine beetle <i>Coptoborus ochromactonus</i> vectors a <i>Fusarium</i> (Hypocreales) fungus that is lethal to balsa (<i>Ochroma pyramidale</i> (Malvaceae)) trees in Ecuador. Although this pathogenic fungus and its associated beetle are not known to be established in the United States, several other non-native ambrosia beetle species are vectors of destructive plant diseases in this country. This fact and the acceleration of trade between South America and the United States demonstrate the importance of understanding fungal plant pathogens before they escape their native ranges. Here we identify the fungi accompanying <i>Coptoborus</i> ambrosia beetles collected in Ecuador. Classification based ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS) sequences revealed the most prevalent fungi associated with <i>Coptoborus</i> are <i>Fusarium</i> sp. and <i>Graphium</i> sp. (Microascales: Microascaceae), which have been confirmed as ambrosia fungi for xyleborine ambrosia beetles, and <i>Clonostsachys</i> sp. (Hypocreales), which is a diverse genus found abundantly in soils and associated with plants. Phylogenetic analyses of the <i>Fusarium</i> strains based on ITS, translation elongation factor (<i>EF1-α</i>), and two subunits of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II (<i>RPB1</i> and <i>RPB2</i>) identified them as <i>Fusarium</i> sp. AF-9 in the Ambrosia <i>Fusarium</i> Clade (AFC). This <i>Fusarium</i> species was previously associated with a few xyleborine ambrosia beetles, most notably the species complex <i>Euwallacea fornicatus</i> (Eichhoff 1868) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae: Xyleborini). Examination of ITS and <i>EF1-α</i> sequences showed a close affinity between the <i>Graphium</i> isolated from <i>Coptoborus</i> spp. and other xyleborine-associated <i>Graphium</i> as well as the soil fungus <i>Graphium basitruncatum</i>. This characterization of ambrosia fungi through DNA sequencing confirms the identity of a putative plant pathogen spread by <i>Coptoborus</i> beetles and expands the documented range of <i>Fusarium</i> and <i>Graphium</i> ambrosia fungi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19636874
title: New genera, species, and combinations of Boletaceae from Brazil and Guyana

description: <i>Brasilioporus olivaceoflavidus</i>, gen. et sp. nov., <i>Brasilioporus simoniarum</i>, sp. nov., <i>Neotropicomus australis</i>, gen. et sp. nov., and <i>Nevesoporus nigrostipitatus</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Boletaceae, Boletales, Basidiomycota), are described from the endangered Atlantic Forest biome of eastern Brazil. New combinations into these new genera are proposed for the Guyanese taxa <i>Xerocomus parvogracilis, Tylopilus rufonigricans</i>, and <i>Tylopilus exiguus</i>. Boletaceae subfamily Chalciporoideae was recircumscribed to include the new genus <i>Nevesoporus</i>. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using a multilocus data set (ITS+28S+<i>TEF1</i>+<i>RPB1</i>+<i>RPB2</i>) from a large taxon set across the Boletaceae justify recognition of the new genera. Morphological, ecological, and DNA sequence data are provided for the new species. A key to known native and introduced bolete species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest is provided.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19636874.v1
title: New genera, species, and combinations of Boletaceae from Brazil and Guyana

description: <i>Brasilioporus olivaceoflavidus</i>, gen. et sp. nov., <i>Brasilioporus simoniarum</i>, sp. nov., <i>Neotropicomus australis</i>, gen. et sp. nov., and <i>Nevesoporus nigrostipitatus</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Boletaceae, Boletales, Basidiomycota), are described from the endangered Atlantic Forest biome of eastern Brazil. New combinations into these new genera are proposed for the Guyanese taxa <i>Xerocomus parvogracilis, Tylopilus rufonigricans</i>, and <i>Tylopilus exiguus</i>. Boletaceae subfamily Chalciporoideae was recircumscribed to include the new genus <i>Nevesoporus</i>. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using a multilocus data set (ITS+28S+<i>TEF1</i>+<i>RPB1</i>+<i>RPB2</i>) from a large taxon set across the Boletaceae justify recognition of the new genera. Morphological, ecological, and DNA sequence data are provided for the new species. A key to known native and introduced bolete species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest is provided.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19674669.v1
title: <i>Tuber eburneum</i> and <i>Tuber mujicii</i>: New pine-associated <i>Tuber</i> species from eastern North America

description: The ectomycorrhizal truffle genus <i>Tuber</i> is widespread and diverse. Recent sampling of ascomata, ectomycorrhizal root tips, and environmental sequences has resulted in the identification of many <i>Tuber</i> species that cannot be assigned to described species and require formal description. Using morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis, we describe two North American <i>Tuber</i> species associated with pines (<i>Pinus</i> spp.). <i>Tuber eburneum</i>, sp. nov., is an early-diverging taxon in the Melanosporum clade that differs substantially from all other taxa in that clade due to its light-colored peridium and gleba, lack of peridial warts, and peridial hairs that are ornamented with small, irregular protrusions. <i>Tuber mujicii</i>, sp. nov., is a whitish truffle species in the Puberulum clade. Although <i>T. mujicii</i> is morphologically similar to many related taxa, it can be distinguished by a combination of characters, including peridium color, spore size, number of ascospores per ascus, and number of reticulations across the spore surface.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19674669
title: <i>Tuber eburneum</i> and <i>Tuber mujicii</i>: New pine-associated <i>Tuber</i> species from eastern North America

description: The ectomycorrhizal truffle genus <i>Tuber</i> is widespread and diverse. Recent sampling of ascomata, ectomycorrhizal root tips, and environmental sequences has resulted in the identification of many <i>Tuber</i> species that cannot be assigned to described species and require formal description. Using morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis, we describe two North American <i>Tuber</i> species associated with pines (<i>Pinus</i> spp.). <i>Tuber eburneum</i>, sp. nov., is an early-diverging taxon in the Melanosporum clade that differs substantially from all other taxa in that clade due to its light-colored peridium and gleba, lack of peridial warts, and peridial hairs that are ornamented with small, irregular protrusions. <i>Tuber mujicii</i>, sp. nov., is a whitish truffle species in the Puberulum clade. Although <i>T. mujicii</i> is morphologically similar to many related taxa, it can be distinguished by a combination of characters, including peridium color, spore size, number of ascospores per ascus, and number of reticulations across the spore surface.