DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wpzgmsbt9
title: Data from: Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii

description: Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a growing threat to coastal habitats,
 and is likely to exacerbate the impacts of other stressors. Kelp forests
 are dominant habitats on temperate reefs but are declining due to ocean
 warming and overgrazing. We tested the independent and interactive effects
 of ALAN (dark vs ALAN) and warming (ambient vs warm) on grazing rates and
 gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii. Within these
 treatments, urchins were fed either ‘fresh’ kelp or ‘treated’ kelp.
 Treated kelp (Ecklonia radiata) was exposed to the same light and
 temperature combinations as urchins. We assessed photosynthetic yield,
 carbon and nitrogen content and C:N ratio of treated kelp to help identify
 potential drivers behind any effects on urchins. Grazing increased with
 warming and ALAN for urchins fed fresh kelp, and increased with warming
 for urchins fed treated kelp. Gonad index was higher in ALAN/ambient and
 dark/warm treatments compared to dark/ambient treatments for urchins fed
 fresh kelp. Kelp carbon content was higher in ALAN/ambient treatments than
 ALAN/warm treatments at one time point. This indicates ocean warming and
 ALAN may increase urchin grazing pressure on rocky reefs, an important
 finding for management strategies.
description: Please refer to the manuscript for more information. 
description: # Data from: Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates
 and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii This README
 file was generated on 13-03-24 by Amelia Caley This project is for the
 manuscript "Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing
 rates and gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii"
 from an experiment conducted in June - August 2022 in Sydney, Australia,
 testing the combined effects of Artificial Light at Night (ALAN, 50 lux)
 and warming (+ 2 degrees C) on urchin grazing rates and gonad index, kelp
 photosynthetic yield and C and N content, and on trophic interactions
 between urchins and kelp. The file called "Urchins ALAN Final"
 is the original dataset created during the experiment. This file can be
 imported for use with the original code, or the cleaned, long format
 dataset (created within this code) can be used. Photosynthetic yield,
 urchin gonad index and urchin grazing rates are visualised and modelled in
 the Urchin ALAN Analysis code, while other kelp variables (C:N ratio, C
 content and N content) are visualised and modelled in the kelp code. This
 code was written by Amelia Caley, UNSW. GENERAL INFORMATION 1\. Title of
 Dataset: Artificial light at night and warming impact grazing rates and
 gonad index of the sea urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii 2\. Author
 Information: Amelia Caley1*, Ezequiel M. Marzinelli2, Maria Byrne2,
 Mariana Mayer-Pinto1 1Centre for Marine Science and Innovation; Evolution
 & Ecology Research Centre; School of Biological, Earth and
 Environmental Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South
 Wales, Australia 2The University of Sydney, School of Life and
 Environmental Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 3\. Date of
 data collection (single date, range, approximate date): June - August 2022
 4\. Geographic location of data collection: Chowder Bay, Sydney, Australia
 5\. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the
 data: This work was supported by an ARC Discovery Early Career Award
 awarded to Mayer-Pinto [DE220100308] as well as the Australian Academy of
 Science, Thomas Davies Research Grant for Marine, Soil and Plant Biology
 awarded to Mayer-Pinto in 2022. SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 1\.
 Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: CC0 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0)
 Public Domain 2\. Links to publications that cite or use the data: Caley,
 A., Marzinelli, E.M., Byrne, M. & Mayer-Pinto, M. (2024). Artificial
 light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea
 urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
 Society B: Biological Sciences. 3\. Links to other publicly accessible
 locations of the data: None 4\. Links/relationships to ancillary data
 sets: None 5\. Was data derived from another source? No ``` A. If yes,
 list source(s): NA ``` 6\. Recommended citation for this dataset: Caley,
 A., Marzinelli, E.M., Byrne, M. and Mayer-Pinto, M., 2024. Artificial
 light at night and warming impact grazing rates and gonad index of the sea
 urchin Centrostephanus rodgersii [Dataset]. Dryad.
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wpzgmsbt9](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.wpzgmsbt9) DATA & FILE OVERVIEW 1\. File List: A) Urchin_ALAN_Analysis_100124.Rmd B) Hobo logger data files (individual files saved with serial code) C) Urchin_ALAN_Long_Format.csv D) Urchin_ALAN_Experiment_Data_Final_Urchins.csv E) Kelp_Data_Final.csv F) KelpCandN_030423.csv 2\. Relationship between files, if important: None 3\. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: None 4\. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? No ``` A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: NA i. Why was the file updated? NA ii. When was the file updated? NA ``` \######################################################################### Variable names Urchin_ALAN_Long_Format.csv is the cleaned long version of Urchin_ALAN_Experiment_Data_Final_Urchins.csv (which was included for transparency alongside the clean data file) Therefore I will describe the variables as in Urchin_ALAN_Long_Format.csv Tank = Tank where urchin was located Species = Species in tank (all Centrostephanus rodgersii) ALAN = light treatment, 0 lux (dark) or ALAN (50 lux) Temp = temperature treatment, warm (+1 degree) or ambient (ambient temperature) Kelp = kelp treatment, either normal (kelp fed to urchin was untreated) or treated (kelp fed to urchin was treated with the same light and temperature treatment as the urchin) Hobo.logger = serial number of hobo logger used in tank, so temperature data for tanks could be calulated Total.Weight = total weight of urchins, in grams, measured at end of experiment Test.diameter = test diameter of urchins in mm, measured at end of experiment Gonad weight = wet gonad weight in grams, measured at end of experiment Gonad index = Gonad weight/Total weight * 100 (i.e. gonad weight as a percentage of total weight), measured at end of experiment Treatment = ALAN column + Temp column Week = measurement week Consumption = grams of kelp consumed in 24 hours by that urchin in that week Group = urchin treatments and measures were staggered by 1 day. Group 1 always measured first, group 2 always measured the second (in each week). TempLight = same as treatment column. Variables in Kelp_data_final Tank = tank ID with kelps Species = species (all Ecklonia radiata) Light = light treatment, 0 lux (dark) or ALAN (50 lux) Temp = temperature treatment, warm (+1 degree) or ambient (ambient temperature) Logger Serial number = serial number of hobo logger used in tank, so temperature data for tanks could be calulated Week = measurement week Kelp = kelp collection group (kelp collected 3 times in experiment) Yield = photosynthetic yield measured with PAM fluorometer Bleaching = visual assessment of bleaching percent. Variables in KelpCandN_030423.csv This is the output from CHNS Mass spectrometer analysis at Macquarie University. I have highlighted the fields used in this analysis. No. = sample position in mass spectrometer Weight [mg] = weight of sample in mg Name = name of sample, either a sample standard, blank or kelp sample. Kelp samples are labelled with kelp tank (i.e. K1 - K8) and week (i.e. w1-w9). Method = method used N Area = Nitrogen area C Area = Carbon area H Area = Hydrogen area S Area = Sulfur area N [%] = % nitrogen content (used in analysis) C [%] = % carbon content (used in analysis) H [%] = % Hydrogen content S [%] = % sulfur content C/N ratio = ratio of carbon to nitrogen (used in analysis) C/H ratio = ratio of Carbon to Hydrogen N Factor = Nitrogen factor C Factor = Carbon factor H Factor = Hydrogen factor S Factor = Sulfur Factor N Blank = Nitrogen Blank C Blank = Carbon Blank H Blank = Hydrogen Blank S Blank = Sulfur blank Note for KelpCandN_030423.csv data: The first 13 rows are just quality controls, blanks and calibration. Every 8 samples I also ran quality controls (QCs) and blanks (RunIns) For all your data, we have already corrected the numbers by removing the “blank levels”. So basically no need to subtract the blanks anymore Hobo Logger data: Data with serial codes. Matches to Hobo logger serial codes for urchin and kelp data sheets. There are a total of 49 hobo logger files. 39 were spread across urchin tanks and 8 were in the 8 kelp tanks, and 2 were running in the air outside the tanks as spares. They measured temperature every 30 minutes for the entire experiment. This data can be found in the supplementary data files for this publication. Plot title = Hobo logger serial number Date Time, GMT+10:00 = date and time Temp, °C = temperature measured every 30 minutes Intensity, Lux = light intensity lux (however measurements were not accurate compared to hand held lux meter) Coupler Attached = says "logged" when coupler attached to hobo logger Host Connected = says "logged" when computer connected to hobo logger Stopped = says "logged" when hobo logger stopped (connected to computer) End Of File = says "logged" at end of file 4\. Missing data codes: NA (not applicable) 5\. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None