cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rv15dv4c9
title: Diet of a threatened rattlesnake (eastern massasauga) revealed by DNA metabarcoding

description: Characterizing the diet of imperiled species using minimally invasive
 methods is crucial to understanding their ecology and conservation
 requirements. Here, we apply a DNA metabarcoding approach to study the
 diet of the eastern massasauga rattlesnake (Sistrurus catenatus), a
 Federally Threatened snake found throughout the Great Lakes region.
 Eighty-three fecal samples collected across 10 different massasauga
 populations located in Michigan, USA, were sequenced, with 70 samples
 containing prey DNA. We used universal metazoan primers and developed a
 host-specific oligonucleotide blocker to characterize their diet. We
 identified at least 12 different prey species, with eastern massasaugas
 exhibiting opportunistic feeding and a strong preference towards small
 mammals. Meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) were the most common prey
 item (70% of diet) followed by the northern short-tailed shrew (Blarina
 brevicauda) and masked shrew (Sorex cinereus; 15.7% of diet each), along
 with occasional bird and snake prey. Adult individuals exhibited a more
 generalized diet, consuming a larger number of prey taxa on average.
 Younger snakes consumed a smaller variety of prey items and tended to
 consume smaller-sized mammals such as masked shrews (Sorex cinereus) and
 northern short-tailed shrews (Blarina brevicauda). We conclude that small
 mammals are a crucial part of eastern massasauga rattlesnake diet and
 recommend this be taken into consideration when conservation strategies
 are developed. The methods developed in this study can be applied to other
 reptile species, providing an accurate, minimally invasive, and thorough
 diet assessment for at-risk reptile species.
DOI: 10.6078/d1n41x
title: Data from: Probing lithium mobility at a solid electrolyte surface

description: Solid-state electrolytes overcome many challenges of present lithium-ion
 batteries such as safety hazards and dendrite formation. However, detailed
 understanding of the involved lithium dynamics is missing due to a lack of
 in operando measurements with chemical and interfacial
 specificities. Here, we investigate a prototypical solid-state electrolyte
 using linear and nonlinear absorption spectroscopies. Leveraging the
 surface sensitivity of extreme-ultraviolet second-harmonic generation
 spectroscopy (XUV-SHG), we obtained a direct spectral signature of surface
 lithium ions, showing a distinct blue-shift relative to the bulk
 absorption spectra. First-principles simulations attributed the shift to
 transitions from the lithium 1s state into hybridized Li-s/Ti-d orbitals
 at the surface. Our calculations further suggest a reduction in lithium
 interfacial mobility due to suppressed low-frequency rattling modes, which
 is the fundamental origin of the large interfacial resistance in this
 material. Our findings pave the way for new optimization strategies for
 these electrochemical devices via interfacial engineering of lithium ions.
description: See associated manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.866t1g1vk
title: Data from: Form function relationships support fast ecological shift in a lizard

description: Macroevolutionary changes such as variation in habitat use or diet are
 often associated with convergent, adaptive changes in morphology. However,
 it is still unclear how small-scale morphological variation at the
 population level can drive shifts in ecology as observed at a
 macroevolutionary scale. Here, we address this question by investigating
 how variation in cranial form and feeding mechanics relate to rapid
 changes in diet in an insular lizard (Podarcis siculus) after experimental
 introduction into a new environment. We first quantified differences in
 the skull and jaw muscle architecture between the source and introduced
 population using 3D geometric morphometrics and dissections. Next, we
 tested the impact of the observed variation in morphology on the
 mechanical performance of the masticatory system using computer-based
 biomechanical simulation techniques. Our results show that the small
 differences in shape, combined with variation in muscle architecture, can
 result in significant differences in performance allowing access to novel
 trophic resources. The confrontation of these data with the already
 described macroevolutionary relationships between cranial form and
 function in these insular lizards provides insights into how selection
 can, over relatively short time scales, drive major changes in ecology
 through its impact on mechanical performance.
description: The muscle architecture
 dataset is composed of 18 specimens from Pod Kopište and 19 specimens from Pod
 Mrčaru. Each muscle bundle was extracted by
 dissecting the left side of the head. Muscle bundles were blotted dry and
 weighed with a digital balance (Mettler AE100; ± 0.1 mg). The connective tissue surrounding the
 muscles was digested by submerging the muscles in a 30% aqueous nitric
 acid solution for 24h. Next, the nitric acid was removed, and a 50%
 glycerol solution was added to arrest the muscle digestion. Muscle fibers
 were drawn under a binocular scope (Leica) with <em>camera lucida
 </em>(see Taverne et al. 2021) and measured using Image J (Rasband
 1997). Muscle volume was calculated as the ratio between muscle mass and
 muscle density (1.06 g.cm<sup>-3</sup>; see Mendez &
 Keys 1960). The physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) of each muscle
 bundle was subsequently calculated by dividing muscle volume by the mean
 fiber length. The muscles were grouped into four functional groups: the
 external adductors, the pseudotemporalis group, the adductor posterior,
 and the pterygoid group (Table S2). The jaw depressors and the constrictor
 dorsalis muscles were not considered since they are not involved in jaw
 closing.
description: The dataset is an .xcl file that can be opened with any table
 sheet editor.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gmsbcc2st
title: Complex life cycles drive community assembly through immigration and adaptive diversification

description: Most animals undergo ontogentic niche shifts during their life. Yet,
 standard ecological theory builds on models that ignore this complexity.
 Here, we study how complex life cycles, where juvenile and adult
 individuals each feed on different sets of resources, affect community
 richness. Two different modes of community assembly are considered:
 gradual adaptive evolution and immigration of new species with randomly
 selected phenotypes. We find that under gradual evolution complex life
 cycles can lead to both higher and lower species richness when compared to
 a model of species with simple life cycles that lack an ontogenetic niche
 shift. Thus, complex life cycles do not per se increase the scope for
 gradual adaptive diversification. However, complex life cycles can lead to
 significantly higher species richness when communities are assembled
 through immigration, as immigrants can occupy isolated peaks of the
 dynamic fitness landscape that are not accessible via gradual evolution.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hhmgqnkmn
title: Draining the swamp dodders: Systematics of Cuscuta gronovii s.l. (subgenus Grammica, sect. Oxycarpae)

description: Cuscuta gronovii species complex (sensu lato, s.l.) is a North American
 group of species that belong to sect. Oxycarpae of subgenus Grammica.
 Members of C. gronovii s.l. are often associated with riparian or wet
 habitats, and their delimitation has been problematic historically. DNA
 sequences from multiple plastid and nuclear ribosomal non-coding regions
 were used to reconstruct evolutionary relationships among taxa. Molecular
 phylogeny supported the resurrection of C. saururi, a taxon that has been
 treated either as C. gronovii var. latiflora or a nomenclatural synonym of
 C. gronovii var. gronovii. Cuscuta saururi was inferred to be sister to C.
 cephalanthi, but the relationships among the rest of taxa, although
 forming a clade with a moderate support, remained largely unresolved.
 Thus, the species limits of C. gronovii s.l. aggregate were also
 comprehensively investigated through a morphometric study. Plants with
 4-merous flowers from New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, Canada, which were
 previously thought to be C. cephalanthi, were described as a new species,
 C. acadiana. Cuscuta acadiana, although fertile and producing abundant
 seeds, is unusual in that the majority of its pollen grains intergrade
 from zonocolpate, syncolpate or pantocolpate, with variously shaped or
 twisted ectoapertures. Cuscuta gronovii var. calyptrata, a widely accepted
 but virtually unknown taxon, was typified and included in all the
 analyses. Cuscuta umbrosa was treated as a variety of C. gronovii (var.
 curta), and C. rostrata was maintained as a species. An identification
 key, detailed descriptions, illustrations, and a summary of geographical
 distribution, ecology and conservation status were provided for all the
 members of C. gronovii s.l. The only taxon of this species complex found
 to be weedy, especially in cranberries, was C. gronovii var. gronovii.
description: The dataset consists of 47 characters measured or scored from
 rehydrated and dissected flowers, fruits and seeds of seven
 <em>Cuscuta</em> taxa. 200 herbarium specimens deposited in
 different herbaria from North America were used for this purpose (For full
 details of the specimens see Appendix 1 in the article).
 This Dryad submission also includes: - One
 supplementary table (Table S1); - Theree supplementary
 figures (Figs. S1, S2, S3). For more details, see the
 article.
description: Excel and Word (Microsoft).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.05qfttf76
title: Data from: Trait-based effects of plant invasion on floral resources, hoverflies and bees

description: 1. Plant invasions can lead to homogeneous communities with decreased
 functional diversity. However, invasive plants, with various morphological
 and phenological traits, may drive pollinator communities in a less
 predictable, more complex way. They can promote pollinators compatible
 with their floral traits while leaving others without foraging resources.
 2. Our observational study on 10 invasive herbaceous species applied a
 trait-based approach to investigate plant invasion-driven changes in
 floral resources, hoverfly, and bee communities. We sampled invaded and
 non-invaded (control) sites before and during the flowering of the
 invasive plants. We analysed the differences in floral traits between
 invasive and native plants, functional diversity, and trait distributions
 of flower and pollinator communities between the invaded and control
 sites. 3. Five invasive plant species differed from natives in floral
 traits. Plant invasion caused species-specific changes in functional
 diversity and trait distributions of communities. For instance, invaded
 sites had a decreased functional diversity of hoverflies before flowering
 of invasive species, and larger hoverflies during flowering of invasive
 species compared with control sites. Smaller bees were associated with
 invasive plants with shallow flowers, while larger and long-tongued bees
 were associated with two invasive species with restricted floral access.
 4. Similar to previous studies, pollinator traits showed mixed or neutral
 responses to plant invasion. This is probably due to the high integration
 capability of invasive plants into plant-pollinator systems, or
 limitations in sampling, trait resolution, and unrevealed environmental
 factors. We provide recommendations for future studies to better
 understand the trait-based community composition of flowering plants and
 pollinators.
DOI: 10.57707/fmi-b2share.qaz1e-5yj54
title: This is a test record to be deleted
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18375944
title: Exploring Cyber Resilience in Fire Departments - Dataset

description: This dataset contains all the important study materials.

The original documents are in German and have been translated into American English using DeepL.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p2ngf1vvt
title: Phylogenetic data for: Synchrospora gen. nov., a new Peronosporaceae genus with aerial lifestyle from a natural cloud forest in Panama

description: During a survey of Phytophthora diversity in Panama, fast-growing oomycete
 isolates were obtained from naturally fallen leaves of an unidentified
 tree species in a tropical cloud forest. Phylogenetic analyses of
 sequences from the nuclear ITS, LSU and ß–tubulin loci and the
 mitochondrial cox1 and cox2 genes revealed they belong to a new species of
 a new genus, officially described here as Synchrospora gen. nov., which
 resided as a basal genus within the Peronosporaceae. The type
 species S. medusiformis has unique morphological characters. The
 sporangiophores show determinate growth, multifurcating at the end forming
 a stunted, candelabra-like apex from which multiple (8 to &gt;100)
 long, curved pedicels are growing simultaneously in a medusa-like way. The
 caducous papillate sporangia mature and are shed synchronously. The
 breeding system is homothallic, hence more inbreeding than outcrossing,
 with smooth-walled oogonia, plerotic oospores and paragynous antheridia.
 Optimum and maximum temperatures for growth are 22.5 and 25–27.5 °C,
 consistent with its natural cloud forest habitat. It is concluded that S.
 medusiformis is adapted to a lifestyle as canopy-dwelling leaf pathogen in
 tropical cloud forests. More oomycete surveys in the canopies of tropical
 rainforests and cloud forests are needed to elucidate the diversity and
 role of oomycetes and, in particular, S. medusiformis and possibly other
 Synchrospora taxa in this as yet under-explored habitat.
description: For phylogenetic analyses, the
 sequences obtained in this study were complemented with publicly available
 sequences of Oomycetes sourced from the GenBank Nucleotide Collection and
 GenBank Whole-Genome Shotgun contigs.
 To study the phylogenetic
 position of the potentially new genus among other oomycete genera, a
 5–partition (<em>LSU</em> - <em>ITS</em> -
 <em>Btub</em> - <em>cox1</em> -
 <em>cox2</em>) dataset of representative species from all
 genera of the Peronosporaceae and Pythiaceae together with five isolates
 from the new species were analysed with <em>Saprolegnia</em>
 <em>parasitica</em> (CBS 223.65) and
 <em>Aphanomyces</em> <em>euteiches</em> (ATCC
 201684) as outgroups (dataset: 60 isolates and 4,954 characters). Maximum
 likelihood (ML) and Bayesian (BI) analyses were carried out.
 Detailed methodology can
 be found in the official publication
 "<em>Synchrospora</em> gen. nov., a new Peronosporaceae
 genus with aerial lifestyle from a natural cloud forest in
 Panama".
description: Data
 supplied: Table for identification of species, isolates
 and sequences used on the phylogenetic analyses;
 Sequence alignments (fasta files, used as input
 files in ML and BI
 analyses). Trees obtained from BI and ML analyses (50%
 majority-rule consensus
 trees)<strong>.</strong>
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fbg79cp09
title: Group orientation and social order versus disorder: perspective of outsiders toward experimental chains of social hermit crabs

description: Social organisms form groups with diverse configurations. While the
 dynamics within social groups have been explored extensively, the
 perspective of individuals outside of groups has been considered less.
 Here we studied social hermit crabs (Coenobita compressus) and
 experimentally tested the perspective of ‘outsiders’—individuals that were
 not yet part of a group but were actively searching for a group to join.
 Using architectural arrays of shells, we simulated a natural social
 structure—a ‘social chain’—in which all group members piggyback in
 sequence. We then tested how outsiders perceived experimentally simulated
 social chains, which we varied in orientation (horizontal vs. vertical)
 and which we arranged to be either socially ordered or disordered (i.e.,
 all members arranged in order of size vs. randomly). Outsiders were more
 attracted to horizontally- vs. vertically-oriented chains, consistent with
 a specialization for detecting groups along the horizon. Outsiders were
 also more attracted to the long rather than the short side of
 horizontally-oriented chains, consistent with the greater perceptual
 salience of the long side. Finally, outsiders were only marginally capable
 of determining where they belonged within groups—in terms of
 size-matching—for ordered chains; and they showed no such capability for
 disordered chains. Broadly, our experiments suggest that a group’s
 configuration, including both its orientation and social ordering,
 influence outsiders’ perceptions and decisions.
DOI: 10.5068/d17x0j
title: 5-species MHD study of Martian proton loss and source

description: Although photochemistry-enabled escape of oxygen is a dominant atmospheric
 loss process at Mars today, ion outflow plays an essential role in the
 long-term evolution of Mars’ atmosphere. Apart from heavy planetary ions
 such as O+, O2+, and CO2+, the loss of planetary protons is also important
 because it could be related to water loss. To study planetary proton loss
 due to solar wind interaction, we improve the 4-species (O+, O2+, CO2+,
 and H+) single-fluid magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model of Mars, to a
 5-species (separating planetary protons and solar wind protons) MHD model
 so that the two types of protons can be tracked separately. The global
 distributions of solar wind protons and planetary ions at low altitudes
 are investigated. The calculated planetary proton escape rates are larger
 than heavy ion loss rates and solar wind proton inflows for both solar
 maximum and minimum conditions. Planetary proton escape rates are 1–2
 orders less than neutral hydrogen loss, suggesting that planetary protons
 could contribute to no more than 10% of the hydrogen loss under current
 conditions. By comparing normal cases with cases for which H-O charge
 exchange reactions or electron impact ionizations are switched off, we
 find that H-O charge exchange mainly affects densities at low altitudes,
 while impact ionizations exert great influence on escape rates at high
 altitudes. The overall results suggest the specific treatment of proton
 origins in models of Mars atmosphere escape provides better insight into
 the contributing processes and should be included in future studies
 focusing on water’s fate.
DOI: 10.5068/d1469s
title: Spontaneous urban flora of Los Angeles: Transect data

description: The city of Los Angeles comprises nearly 500 square miles and supports
 nearly four million people who reside on lands that were once composed of
 a diverse mosaic of wetland and upland plant community associations. On
 top of these historic vegetation layers are socioeconomic legacies of a
 redlining grading system for the city established by the Federal Housing
 Administration's Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC). Throughout
 neighborhoods in public parkways, the spaces between property bounds and
 the road, reside an often overlooked spontaneous and self-propagating
 community of native and introduced taxa. With an interest in documenting
 this flora at a time of rapid environmental and socioeconomic change in
 the city, I performed a series of floristic checklists for nearly 400
 blocks comprising nearly 50 total miles at sixteen neighborhoods
 throughout the city between the end of January and middle of March 2021.
 Transects were walked within specific neighborhood communities chosen to
 represent all four HOLC codes and a combination of historic wetland and
 upland vegetative communities. Across all transects and sites, I found a
 total of 168 spontaneous self-propagating plant taxa, and a significant
 effect of historical plant community (upland, wetland) on plant species
 richness and phylogenetic diversity but not HOLC code. I also present and
 discuss patterns of community similarity and turnover between sites. This
 dataset of plant species presence by block, and the list of transect
 locations, is publicly available via dataDryad so that it may serve as a
 point of reference for future studies of urban ethnobiology.
description: Data was collected by performing a series of walking transect
 checklists to identify and list each species that occurs on each block
 surveyed. Data consists of a matrix of each transect and whether each
 taxon was present (1) or absent (0).
description: # Spontaneous urban flora of Los Angeles: Transect data --- Transect
 Presence (1) and Absence (0) data were conducted end of January 2022 to
 mid-March 2022. List of transects and location provided. Walking transects
 were performed by Anthony E. Baniaga. This is version 2, with minor
 updates to taxonomic names (30 June 2024). ## Description of the data and
 file structure Matrix file and pdf of transect location start and end
 points. ## Sharing/Access information Open Access upon anticipated
 publication. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: N/A
 Data was derived from the following sources: * observational transects
DOI: 10.7280/d1r39k
title: Fruit secondary metabolites alter the quantity and quality of a seed dispersal mutualism

description: Plant secondary metabolites are key mechanistic drivers of species
 interactions. These metabolites have primarily been studied for their role
 in defense, but they can also have complex consequences for mutualisms,
 including seed dispersal. Although the primary function of fleshy fruits
 is to attract seed-dispersing animals, fruits often contain complex
 mixtures of toxic or deterrent secondary metabolites that can reduce the
 quantity or quality of seed dispersal mutualisms. Furthermore, because
 seeds are often dispersed across multiple stages by several dispersers,
 the net consequences of fruit secondary metabolites for the effectiveness
 of seed dispersal and ultimately plant fitness are poorly understood.
 Here, we tested the effects of amides, nitrogen-based defensive compounds
 common in fruits of the neotropical plant genus Piper (Piperaceae), on
 seed dispersal effectiveness (SDE) by ants, which are common secondary
 seed dispersers. We experimentally added amide extracts to Piper fruits
 both in the field and lab, finding that amides reduced the quantity of
 secondary seed dispersal by reducing ant recruitment (87%) and fruit
 removal rates (58% and 66% in the field and lab, respectively). Moreover,
 amides not only reduced dispersal quantity but also altered seed dispersal
 quality by shifting the community composition of recruiting ants (notably
 by reducing the recruitment of the most effective disperser by 90% but
 having no detectable effect on the recruitment of a cheater species that
 removes fruit pulp without dispersing seeds). Although amides did not
 affect the distance ants initially carried seeds, they altered the quality
 of seed dispersal by reducing the likelihood of ants cleaning seeds (67%)
 and increasing their likelihood of redispersing seeds outside of the nest
 (200%). Overall, these results demonstrate that secondary metabolites can
 alter the effectiveness of plant mutualisms, by both reducing mutualism
 quantity and altering mutualism quality through multiple mechanisms. These
 findings present a critical step in understanding the factors mediating
 the outcomes of seed dispersal and, more broadly, demonstrate the
 importance of considering how defensive secondary metabolites influence
 the outcomes of mutualisms surrounding plants.
DOI: 10.5519/qd.ahxkmpcy
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (5 records)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yz9c8n
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 245 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Pastinaca sativa L.",
 "Country is Slovenia"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 245 records from 16 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0007431-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.