cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/ge27-6959
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Norwegian Sea Foraminiferal Amino Acid Racemisation Data

description: While amino acid (AA) geochronology has been widely applied to foraminiferal biomineral proteins, there has been limited assessment of the potential of isolating an 'intra-crystalline' fraction of proteins to improve the reliability of AA geochronology for foraminifera. In this study, bleaching experiments were carried out on the foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) from an independently dated core from the south eastern Norwegian Sea spanning the last 120 ka. Results show that this species contains a bleach-resistant fraction of biomineral proteins, and that this intra-crystalline fraction may behave as a closed system. Racemisation in both the intra-crystalline and whole-protein fractions was found to systematically increase with time.

Isoleucine epimerisation showed reliable trends with depth when analysed by ion exchange chromatography (IEC); analysis by reverse-phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) resulted in reliable age-D/L relationships for aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine.

Isolating the intra-crystalline fraction with a 48 h bleach treatment reduced the influence of contamination in younger material. Therefore, this paper recommends that the intra-crystalline approach is used when analysing Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) for AA geochronology, especially for younger samples. Material-specific regression equations developed in this study successfully convert IEC A/I to RP-HPLC D/L values for aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine, enabling integration of geochronologies developed using different methods for this class of biomineral.
description: Amino acid racemization (AAR) data on Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral)  from Norwegian Sea IMAGES core MD99-2288/2289
DOI: 10.25921/gzs4-y271
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sangre de Cristo Mountains, New Mexico 280 Year Maximum Temperature Reconstruction

description: Our study examines the application of using blue intensity (BI) methods to develop a late summer maximum temperature (Tmax) reconstruction for the Southern Rocky Mountains - a mid-latitude (i.e., 36N), arid region in North America. We reconstruct August-September (AS) Tmax for the period 1735-2015 CE using a composite latewood BI (LWB) Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.) chronology from multiple sites across the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in Northern New Mexico, USA. This study presents the first BI-derived temperature reconstruction for the lower mid-latitudes (30-45N) of North America. We compare the climate response of multiple tree-ring parameters: LWB, earlywood BI (EWB), DeltaBI (earlywood BI minus latewood BI), ring width (RW), and maximum latewood density (MXD). Of all parameters, the site-composite LWB and DeltaBI chronologies show the strongest correlations with AS Tmax. Reconstructed AS Tmax demonstrates fluctuating warm and cool periods during the latter portion of the Little Ice Age (ca. 1730-1850) and pronounced warming through the early to mid-twentieth century (ca. 1920-1950s). The reconstruction also documents substantial warming over the last decade, the trend of which appears to be anomalous within the context of the past ca. 280 years. We highlight the potential for BI methods to be successfully used at high-elevation, mid-latitude locations where temperature proxy datasets are scarce or non-existent. As many places across the mid-latitudes lack contiguous, temporally resolved, decadal-scale paleotemperature proxies, we suggest here that BI methods can be effective at improving the spatial gaps in the Northern Hemisphere temperature proxy network.
description: Late summer (August-September) maximum temperature reconstruction for the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, northern New Mexico, USA, 1735-2015 CE, based on tree-ring blue intensity data
DOI: 10.25921/gtfn-bj98
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Oskolkov - Olkhon HAR - LASI - ITRDB RUSS289

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22.
DOI: 10.25921/ghnv-rs89
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Taylor Glacier Ice Core Last Interglacial Dust Data

description: Changes in the composition of dust trapped in ice provide evidence of past atmospheric circulation and earth surface conditions. Investigations of dust provenance in Antarctic ice during glacial and interglacial periods indicate that South America is the primary dust source during both climate regimes. Here, we present results from a new ice core dust archive extracted from the Taylor Glacier in coastal East Antarctica during the deglacial transition from Marine Isotope Stage 6 to 5e. Radiogenic strontium and neodymium isotopes indicate that last interglacial dust is young and volcanic, in contrast to the observed preindustrial and Holocene (Marine Isotope Stage 1) dust composition. The dust composition differences from the last interglacial and current interglacial period at the site require a profound difference in atmospheric transport and environmental conditions. We consider several potential causes for enhanced transport of volcanic material to the site, including increased availability of volcanic material and large-scale atmospheric circulation changes.
description: Antarctic ice core dust archive, MIS 6 to 5e, from a Taylor Glacier ice core.
DOI: 10.25921/grn9-9029
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Arctic Ostracode Database 2020 (AOD2020)

description: A new Arctic Ostracode Database-2015 (AOD-2015) provides census data for 96 species of benthic marine Ostracoda from 1340 modern surface sediments from the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas. Ostracoda is a meiofaunal, Crustacea group that secretes a bivalved calcareous (CaCO3) shell commonly preserved in sediments. Arctic and subarctic ostracode species have ecological limits controlled by temperature, salinity, oxygen, sea ice, food, and other habitat-related factors. Unique species ecology, shell chemistry (Mg/Ca ratios, stable isotopes), and limited stratigraphic ranges make them a useful tool for paleoceanographic reconstructions and biostratigraphy. The database, described here, will facilitate the investigation of modern ostracode biogeography, regional community structure, and ecology. These data, when compared to downcore faunal data from sediment cores, will provide a better understanding of how the Arctic has been affected by climatic and oceanographic change during the Quaternary. Images of all species and biogeographic distribution maps for selected species are presented, with brief discussion of representative species' biogeographic and ecological significance. Publication of AOD-2015 is open-sourced and will be available online at several public websites with latitude, longitude, water depth, and bottom water temperature for most samples. It includes material from Arctic abyssal plains and submarine ridges, continental slopes, and shelves of the Kara, Laptev, East Siberian, Chukchi, Beaufort Seas, and several subarctic regions.
description: Note: Gemery et al.(2015) sources AOD2015; more than 200 samples have been added to this updated version. There is no publication affiliated with AOD2020.
Provided Keywords: Arctic, Benthic, Biogeography, Crustacea, Ecology, Ostracoda, Meiofauna
DOI: 10.25921/gvka-c969
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Boettcher - QUMA - ITRDB WI021

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7y4n32
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 311 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Mexico",
 "TaxonKey is Totoaba macdonaldi"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 311 records from 16 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020819-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/gmta-sn65
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Schindler - QUMA - ITRDB WI052

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/gvfx-s307
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Wisnefske - QUMA - ITRDB WI057

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/g216-8897
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pezzo - Castiglione Chiavarese Genoa - CASA - ITRDB ITAL055

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: 456 year long chronology for chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.), Petronio Valley, Liguria. More than 200 samples from living trees and from several rural buildings. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-05-03.
DOI: 10.25921/g725-gn95
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Palmyra Atoll Coral Sr/Ca Data 1909-1995 CE

description: Coral strontium-to-calcium ratios (Sr/Ca) provide quantitative estimates of past sea surface temperatures (SST) that allow for the reconstruction of changes in the mean state and climate variations, such as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, through time. However, coral Sr/Ca ratios are highly susceptible to diagenesis, which can impart artifacts of 1–2°C that are typically on par with the tropical climate signals of interest. Microscale sampling via Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) for the sampling of primary skeletal material in altered fossil corals, providing much-needed checks on fossil coral Sr/Ca-based paleotemperature estimates. In this study, we employ a set modern and fossil corals from Palmyra Atoll, in the central tropical Pacific, to quantify the accuracy and reproducibility of SIMS Sr/Ca analyses relative to bulk Sr/Ca analyses. In three overlapping modern coral samples, we reproduce bulk Sr/Ca estimates within ±0.3% (1σ). We demonstrate high fidelity between 3-month smoothed SIMS coral Sr/Ca timeseries and SST (R = −0.5 to −0.8; p < 0.5). For lightly-altered sections of a young fossil coral from the early-20th century, SIMS Sr/Ca timeseries reproduce bulk Sr/Ca timeseries, in line with our results from modern corals. Across a moderately-altered section of the same fossil coral, where diagenesis yields bulk Sr/Ca estimates that are 0.6 mmol too high (roughly equivalent to −6°C artifacts in SST), SIMS Sr/Ca timeseries track instrumental SST timeseries. We conclude that 3–4 SIMS analyses per month of coral growth can provide a much-needed quantitative check on the accuracy of fossil coral Sr/Ca-derived estimates of paleotemperature, even in moderately altered samples.
DOI: 10.25921/gjqe-0202
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Peltier - Southwest Ecological Memory Project Site P2 - PIED - ITRDB AZ614

description: Trees are long-lived organisms that integrate climate conditions across years or decades to produce secondary growth. This integration process is sometimes referred to as 'climatic memory.' While widely perceived, the physiological processes underlying this temporal integration, such as the storage and remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), are rarely explicitly studied. This is perhaps most apparent when considering drought legacies (perturbed post-drought growth responses to climate), and the physiological mechanisms underlying these lagged responses to climatic extremes. Yet, drought legacies are likely to become more common if warming climate brings more frequent drought. To quantify the linkages between drought legacies, climate memory and NSC, we measured tree growth (via tree ring widths) and NSC concentrations in three dominant species across the southwestern USA. We analyzed these data with a hierarchical mixed effects model to evaluate the time-scales of influence of past climate (memory) on tree growth. We then evaluated the role of climate memory and the degree to which variation in NSC concentrations were related to forward-predicted growth during the hot 2011-2012 drought and subsequent 4-year recovery period. Populus tremuloides exhibited longer climatic memory compared to either Pinus edulis or Juniperus osteosperma, but following the 2011-2012 drought, P. tremuloides trees with relatively longer memory of temperature conditions showed larger (more negative) drought legacies. Conversely, Pinus edulis trees with longer temperature memory had smaller (less negative) drought legacies. For both species, higher NSC concentrations followed more negative (larger) drought legacies, though the relevant NSC fraction differed between P. tremuloides and P. edulis. Our results suggest that differences in tree NSC are also imprinted upon tree growth responses to climate across long time scales, which also underlie tree resilience to increasingly frequent drought events under climate change.
description: These tree ring data were collected to assess the climate memory of tree growth around the southwestern US in "ecologically sampled" trees. Trees were from a range of size classes and vigors, but were all dominant or co-dominant. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/gxem-9c71
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bay of Bengal U1446 Benthic and Leaf Wax Isotopes during the Last 640 kyr

description: Orbital-scale Indian Summer Monsoon variability is often interpreted as a direct response to northern hemisphere summer insolation. Here we present a continuous (0-640 kyr) orbital scale precipitation isotope (dDprecip) record using leaf wax dD from the core monsoon zone of India. The dDprecip record is quantitatively coherent with, and dDprecip minima in phase with, greenhouses gas maxima, and ice volume minima across all orbital bands. The dDprecip record is also coherent and in phase with the two existing orbital-scale Indian speleothem d18O records, demonstrating a consistent regional response among independent proxies. These findings preclude interpretation of Indian precipitation isotope records as a direct response to northern hemisphere summer insolation. Rather, they dominantly reflect changes in moisture source and transport paths associated with changes in greenhouse gases and ice volume. The orbital-scale precipitation isotope responses of the Indian and East Asian monsoon systems are uncoupled and are driven by different forcings.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ycn9zr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Phymatosorus scandens",
 "Country is South Africa",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020820-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/g71j-8415
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sahara Sand Wetland, Central Asia Holocene Alpine Peat-cellulose d13C Data

description: The long-term cooling or warming trend is one of the most important aspects of Holocene paleoclimatic research. However, there are currently significant discrepancies among climatic simulation results, sedimentary and synthesized Holocene temperature records. These discrepancies call for new Holocene temperature records with a robust chronology and unambiguous indicative significance. Here, we present a ca. 45-year-resolution alpine peat α-cellulose carbon isotopic (δ13C) record from the Altai Mountains in central Asia. The chronology of the record has been well-constrained by 22 AMS 14C dates of the peat α-cellulose samples. Based on detailed modern-process study results, the indicative significance of the record has been carefully determined as summer temperature indicator. The record reveals an overall trend of increasing summer temperature for the past ca. 11 ka with a warmer early (from ca. 8–6 ka BP) and late (from ca. 4–0 ka BP) Holocene and colder middle Holocene (from ca. 6–4 ka BP). The general pattern of a warmer early and late Holocene and colder middle Holocene is consistent with previously reported temperature records from central Asia, the Tibetan Plateau, and North China. The long-term warming trend in our summer temperature record is consistent with recently reported winter temperature records from high latitudes of continental Eurasia. All these results further support the reliability of our summer temperature record from central Asia. The better understandings about the Holocene temperature history and its possible driven mechanism(s) can be benefited potentially from more reliable Holocene temperature records, including our record reported in this paper.
description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file.