cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fqz612js3
title: Do sexually selected weapons drive diversification?

description: Sexual selection is often thought to promote speciation. This expectation
 is largely driven by the fact that sexually selected traits can influence
 mating patterns and contribute to reproductive isolation. Indeed, some
 comparative studies have shown that clades with sexually selected traits
 have increased rates of speciation and diversification. However, these
 studies have almost exclusively focused on one mechanism of sexual
 selection: female choice. Another widespread mechanism is male-male
 competition. Few empirical studies (if any) have investigated the role of
 this alternative mechanism in driving diversification. Nevertheless,
 recent reviews have suggested that male-male competition can increase
 speciation rates. Here, we investigated whether traits associated with
 precopulatory male-male competition (i.e. sexually selected weapons) have
 promoted speciation and diversification in insects. We focused on three
 clades with both weapons and suitable phylogenies: leaf-footed and
 broad-headed bugs (Coreidae+Alydidae; ~2,850 species), stick insects and
 relatives (Phasmatodea; ~3,284 species), and scarab beetles
 (Scarabaeoidea; ~39,717 species). We found no evidence that weapon-bearing
 lineages in these clades have higher rates of speciation or
 diversification than their weaponless relatives. Thus, our results suggest
 that precopulatory male-male competition may not have strong, general
 effects on speciation and diversification in insects, a group encompassing
 ~60% of all described species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wm37pvmmp
title: Effects of soil phosphorus, light, AMF and jasmonic acid on growth and defense of Plantago lanceolata

description: This dataset contains data from a two-part greenhouse experiments
 described in the paper: “Qu, L., Wang, M., and Biere, A. (2021)
 Interactive effects of Mycorrhizae, Soil Phosphorus and Light on Growth
 and Induction and Priming of Defense in Plantago lanceolata. Frontiers in
 Plant Science 12: 647372”.  The experiment investigates the
 effects of a factorial combination of three factors: inoculation with AMF
 (the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Funneliformis mosseae; yes/no), soil
 phosphorus level (Soil P, 10.5 vs. 105 mg P/kg soil), and light intensity
 (15% vs. 50% shade), on growth and defense of ribwort plantain (Plantago
 lanceolata). In the first experiment (“Sequential harvests”), the effect
 of these three factors is studied on plant biomass accumulation and
 allocation, shoot and root morphology, and biochemistry at four
 consecutive harvests, 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks after seedling
 transplantation. In the second experiment (“Bioassays”), detached leaves
 of plants grown under a factorial combination of the abovementioned three
 factors are offered to caterpillars of the noctuid Mamestra bassicae at
 two time points (7 weeks and 10 weeks after seedling transplantation) to
 study the amount of leaf area and weight eaten by caterpillars and the
 amount of biomass accumulated by caterpillars during short bioassays. Two
 days before the bioassays plants were treated with jasmonic acid
 (JA, 0.5 ml of a 9.5 mM solution) or a mock treatment to study whether the
 three factors described above influence the extend to which the plant’s
 and caterpillar’s respond to the JA treatment (JA-induced defense). Main
 results of the experiments are that (1) AMF reduces biomass
 production, the strength depending on light and soil P conditions;
 (2) JA application induces resistance to M.
 brassicae, its extent being independent of light and soil P
 conditions; (3) in younger plants, JA-induced resistance is repressed
 by AMF under high resource conditions; (4) in older plants, low
 soil P and light enhance susceptibility to M. brassicae due to
 enhanced leaf nitrogen levels and reduced leaf levels of the defense
 metabolite catalpol.  
description: The dataset was collected during a greenhouse study at the
 Netherlands Institue of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) and has been processed by a
 series of generalized linear mixed models (SAS procedure MIXED) to produce
 a MS accepted for publication in Frontiers of Plant Science.
description: The readme file contains an explanation of each of the variables
 in the dataset, its measurement units, and -if it concerns a derived
 variable (displayed in grey) - the way it was calculated from the primary
 data (displayed in black). #NA =  values not available. Information on how
 the measurements were done can be found in the associated manuscript
 referenced above.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396777
title: DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING PROPAEDEUTICS OF CHILDHOOD DISEASES: A REVIEW OF RECENT ADVANCES AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES

description: This review article examines the current state of digital educational technologies in teaching propaedeutics of childhood diseases in medical higher education. Emphasis is placed on simulation-based learning, virtual patient platforms, and interactive digital tools that enhance students’ clinical reasoning, practical skills, and professional competence. The study synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed publications, global guidelines, and educational reports to identify effective pedagogical approaches and highlight existing challenges. The review concludes with recommendations for integrating digital technologies into pediatric propaedeutics curricula to optimize learning outcomes.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396778
title: DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING PROPAEDEUTICS OF CHILDHOOD DISEASES: A REVIEW OF RECENT ADVANCES AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES

description: This review article examines the current state of digital educational technologies in teaching propaedeutics of childhood diseases in medical higher education. Emphasis is placed on simulation-based learning, virtual patient platforms, and interactive digital tools that enhance students’ clinical reasoning, practical skills, and professional competence. The study synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed publications, global guidelines, and educational reports to identify effective pedagogical approaches and highlight existing challenges. The review concludes with recommendations for integrating digital technologies into pediatric propaedeutics curricula to optimize learning outcomes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qfttdz0gd
title: Uptake of nitrogen forms by diploid and triploid white poplar depends on seasonal carbon use strategy and elevated summer ozone

description: This dataset contains data from an experiment described in the
 paper: "Miaomiao Wang, Guolei Li, Zhaozhong Feng, Yong Liu, Yansen
 Xu, Mercedes Uscola. Uptake of nitrogen forms by diploid and triploid
 white poplar depends on seasonal carbon use strategy and elevated summer
 ozone. Journal of Experimental Botany, erab317,
 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erab317". In the study, we investigated
 the mechanisms of N forms acquisition in response to developmental phase
 allowing us to analyze the plasticity in N forms preferences due to
 internal plant N demands that are modified by growth rates. As a second
 objective we evaluate the effects of O3 enriched atmosphere
 during summer on the N forms uptake rates, which is a major air pollutant
 harmful to terrestrial vegetation and to human health.  Main
 results of the experiments are that (1) Both ploidy levels had
 the physiological capacity to absorb intact glycine, and differed in
 growth, C and N acquisition patterns and N forms preferences. (2) Diploid,
 with six times higher RGR in spring than in summer, but similar absolute
 growth between seasons, showed plasticity on N forms preferences in
 response to seasons, shifting from no preferences in spring to strong
 preference on NO3- in summer. (3) Triploid, with only two times
 higher RGR in spring than in summer, but strongly higher absolute growth
 in summer than in spring, showed no plasticity among N forms in response
 to season and an overall preference for NO3-. (4) In response to O3, both
 ploidy levels decreased their NO3- uptake rates as a consequence of C
 acquisition reduction. However, while diploid was not able to modify its
 preferences among N forms, and therefore decreased total N uptake rate,
 triploid was able to compensate the reduction in NO3- uptake by
 increasing NH4+ and glycine acquisition, further decreasing the
 cost of N uptaken metabolism. (5) The different plasticity on N forms
 preferences across seasons and in response to elevated O3 between
 ploidy levels was attributed to different C and N use strategy among
 nutrients functions in plants, i.e. mass growth, N uptake and metabolism
 and nutrient reserve, including repair or detoxication in response to O3.
 Those strategies are deeply explored in the discussion.
description: The dataset was collected during a open top chamber study at
 Yanqing county in Beijing and has been processed by a series of
 generalized linear mixed models to produce a MS accepted for publication
 in Journal of Experimental Botany.
description: The readme file contains an explanation of each of the variables
 in the dataset and its measurement units. null =  none value.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zs7h44j7x
title: Application of Hantzsch reaction for sensitive determination of eflornithine in cream, plasma and urine samples

description: Eflornithine is an anti-Trypanosoma Brucei agent for the medication of
 Sleeping Sickness and widely distributed for the treatment of hirsutism
 (unwanted facial hair in women). The presented work demonstrates a
 comprehensive analytical approach for the spectrofluorometric
 determination of eflornithine in the commercial cream samples and varied
 biological media. The proposed methodology is based on the formation of a
 highly yellow-green fluorescence dihydropyridine derivative after the
 interaction between eflornithine and acetylacetone/formaldehyde reagent in
 a slightly acidic medium. Furthermore, the optimal variables such as
 reagent volumes, pH of the medium, heating time, buffer volume, heating
 temperature and diluting solvent were carefully selected to achieve the
 maximum fluorescence activity. The fluorescence activity for the formed
 derivative was measured at λemission  =  477 nm after
  λexcitation  =  418 nm. Concerning linearity,
 accuracy, sensitivity, preciseness and robustness, the presented work was
 validated and verified according to ICH guiding principles. Moreover, the
 proposed work offered a selective determination for eflornithine in
 various brands of pharmaceutical cream without any interference from
 excipients.  Eventually, the current approach was assured to be
 successful in the estimation of eflornithine in urine and plasma specimens
 with acceptable recovery results.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gb5mkkwpf
title: Double-tagging scores of seabirds reveals that light-level geolocator accuracy is limited by species idiosyncrasies and equatorial solar profiles

description: Light-level geolocators are popular bio-logging tools, with advantageous
 sizes, longevity, and affordability. Biologists tracking seabirds often
 presume geolocator spatial accuracies between 186-202 km from
 previously-innovative, yet taxonomically, spatially, and computationally
 limited, studies. Using recently developed methods, we investigated
 whether assumed uncertainty norms held across a larger-scale, multispecies
 study. We field-tested geolocator spatial accuracy by synchronously
 deploying these with GPS loggers on scores of seabirds across five species
 and 11 Mediterranean Sea, East Atlantic and South Pacific breeding
 colonies. We first interpolated geolocations using the geolocation package
 FLightR without prior knowledge of GPS tracked routes. We likewise applied
 another package, probGLS, additionally testing whether sea-surface
 temperatures could improve route accuracy. Geolocator spatial accuracy was
 lower than the ~200km often assumed. probGLS produced the best accuracy
 (mean ± SD = 304 ± 413 km, n = 185 deployments) with 84.5% of GPS-derived
 latitudes and 88.8% of longitudes falling within resulting uncertainty
 estimates. FLightR produced lower spatial accuracy (408 ± 473 km, n = 171
 deployments) with 38.6% of GPS-derived latitudes and 27% of longitudes
 within package-specific uncertainty estimates. Expected inter-twilight
 period (from GPS position and date) was the strongest predictor of
 accuracy, with increasingly equatorial solar profiles (i.e., closer
 temporally to equinoxes and/or spatially to the Equator) inducing more
 error. Individuals, species and geolocator model also significantly
 affected accuracy, while the impact of distance travelled between
 successive twilights depended on the geolocation package. Geolocation
 accuracy is not uniform among seabird species and can be considerably
 lower than assumed. Individual idiosyncrasies and spatiotemporal dynamics
 (i.e., shallower inter-twilight shifts by date and latitude) mean that
 practitioners should exercise greater caution in interpreting geolocator
 data and avoid universal uncertainty estimates. We provide a function
 capable of estimating relative accuracy of positions based on
 geolocator-observed inter-twilight period.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhcq
title: Data from: Is increased male flower production a strategy for avoidance of predispersal seed predation in andromonoecious plants?

description: Floral gender in angiosperms often varies within and among populations. We
 conducted a field survey to test how predispersal seed predation affects
 sex allocation in an andromonoecious alpine herb Peucedanum
 multivittatum. We compared plant size, male and perfect flower production,
 fruit set, and seed predation rate over three years among nine populations
 inhabiting diverse snowmelt conditions in alpine meadows. Flowering period
 of individual populations varied from mid-July to late August reflecting
 the snowmelt time. Although perfect flower and fruit productions increased
 with plant size, size-dependency of male flower production was less clear.
 The number of male flowers was larger in the early-flowering populations,
 while the number of perfect flowers increased in the late-flowering
 populations. Thus, male-biased sex allocation was common in the
 early-flowering populations. Fruit-set rates varied among populations and
 between years, irrespective of flowering period. Fruit-set success of
 individual plants increased with perfect flower number, but independent of
 male flower number. Seed predation by lepidopteran larvae was intense in
 the early-flowering populations, whereas predation damage was absent in
 the late-flowering populations, reflecting the extent of phenological
 matching between flowering time of host plants and oviposition period of
 predator moths. Seed predation rate was independent of male and perfect
 flower numbers of individual plants. Thus, seed predation is a stochastic
 event in each population. There was a clear correlation between the
 proportion of male flowers and the intensity of seed predation among
 populations. These results suggest that male-biased sex allocation could
 be a strategy to reduce seed predation damage but maintain the effort as a
 pollen donor under intensive seed predation.
description: We surveyed the relationship between floral sex allocation and
 predispersal seed predation in an alpine andromonoecious
 herb, <i>Peucedanum multivittatum</i>, across nine populations
 in the Taisetsu mountains of northern Japan over three years (2017-2019).
 I this dataset, locations of populations, plant size, number of male and
 hermaphrodite flowers, fruit-set, and seed predation rate are included,
 that were used for analyses. All data were collected in the field survey
 by the authors.
description: In the Excel file, four sheets are included: <br> 1)
 Notes<br> 2) Location of study plots in the Taisetsu Mountains,
 Hokkaido of northern Japan<br> 3) Reproductive data of Peucedanum
 multivittatum populations across plots during three observation years
 (2017-2019)<br> 4) Data set of size-dependent sex allocation and
 reproductive performance observed in 2017
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rjdfn2z9s
title: Data from: Seasonal progression and differences in major floral resource use by bees and hoverflies in a diverse horticultural and agricultural landscape revealed by DNA metabarcoding

description: Gardens are important habitats for pollinators, providing floral resources
 and nesting sites. There are high levels of public support for growing
 ‘pollinator-friendly’ plants but whilst plant recommendation lists are
 available, they are usually inconsistent, poorly supported by scientific
 research and target a narrow group of pollinators. In order to supply the
 most appropriate resources, there is a clear need to understand foraging
 preferences, for a range of pollinators, across the season within
 horticultural landscapes. Using an innovative DNA metabarcoding approach,
 we investigated foraging preferences of four groups of pollinators in a
 large and diverse, horticultural, and agricultural landscape, across the
 flowering season and over two years, significantly improving on the
 spatial and temporal scale that can be achieved using observational
 studies. Bumblebees, honeybees, non-corbiculate bees, and hoverflies
 visited 191 plant taxa. Overall floral resources were shared between the
 different types of pollinators, but significant differences were seen
 between the plants used most abundantly by bees (Hymenoptera) and
 hoverflies (Diptera). Floral resource use by pollinators is strongly
 associated with seasonal changes in flowering plants, with pollinators
 relying on dominant plants found within each season, with preferences
 consistent across both years. The plants identified were categorised
 according to their native status to investigate the value of native and
 non-native plants. The majority of floral resources used were of native
 and near-native origin, but the proportion of horticultural and
 naturalised plants increased during late summer and autumn. Synthesis and
 applications: We recommend that plant lists should distinguish between
 bees and hoverflies and provide evidence-based floral recommendations
 throughout the year that include native as well as non-native plants for
 use in the UK and Northern Europe. Specific management recommendations
 include reducing mowing to encourage plants such as dandelion Taraxacum
 officinale, buttercups Ranunculus spp., and reducing scrub management to
 encourage bramble Rubus fruticosus.
description: Supporting Data: 
 Tab Data Pollen_sample_metadata Metadata relating to the insects sampled rbcL_consensus_ID_read_counts 2018 and 2019 pollen rbcL metabarcoding data as read counts ITS2_consensus_ID_read_counts 2018 and 2019 pollen ITS2 metabarcoding data as read counts rbcL_and_ITS2_consensus_read_counts 2018 and 2019 pollen metabarcoding data - rbcL and ITS2 read counts summed rbcL_and_ITS2_consensus_rra 2018 and 2019 pollen metabarcoding data - rbcL and ITS2 combined relative read abundance consensus_identifications Consensus identifications used to match taxa between each marker floral_surveys Most abundant plants across both years per transect area per season
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0gb5mkm0t
title: Data from: Evolution of cold tolerance and thermal plasticity in life history, behaviour and physiology during a poleward range expansion

description: 1. Many species that are moving polewards encounter novel thermal regimes
 to which they have to adapt. Therefore, rapid evolution of thermal
 tolerance and of thermal plasticity in fitness-related traits in edge
 populations can be crucial for the success and speed of range expansions.
 2. We tested for adaptation in cold tolerance and in life history,
 behavioural and physiological traits and their thermal plasticity during a
 poleward range expansion. 3. We reconstructed the thermal performance
 curves of life history (survival, growth and development rates), behaviour
 (food intake) and cold tolerance (chill coma recovery time) in the aquatic
 larval stage of the damselfly Ischnura elegans that is currently showing a
 poleward range expansion in northern Europe. We studied larvae from three
 edge and three core populations using a common-garden experiment. 4.
 Consistent with the colder annual temperatures, larvae at the expansion
 front evolved an improve cold tolerance. The edge populations showed no
 overall (across temperatures) evolution of a faster life history that
 would improve their range-shifting ability. Moreover, consistent with
 damselfly edge populations from colder latitudes, edge populations evolved
 at the highest rearing temperature (28 °C) a faster development rate,
 likely to better exploit the rare periods with higher temperatures. This
 was associated with a higher food intake and a lower metabolic rate. 5. In
 conclusion, our results suggest that the edge populations rapidly evolved
 adaptive changes in trait means and thermal plasticity to the novel
 thermal conditions at the edge front. Our results highlight the importance
 of considering besides trait plasticity and the evolution of trait means,
 also the evolution of trait plasticity to improve forecasts of responses
 to climate change.
description: Dataset was collected from laboratory experiments. Dataset
 supplied is raw data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ns1rn8ps9
title: Filoplume morphology and number data

description: Do birds detect and respond to forces acting on feathers through
 filoplumes, which appear to be unique mechanosensory feathers? If
 filoplumes function as sensors, their morphology should co-vary with the
 morphology of their companion feather to better detect feather movements
 and position. We explore covariation in filoplumes and primaries across
 five species of birds that vary in body size, molt strategy, and the
 functional life-span of their primaries (Green-wing Teal, Ring-billed
 Gull, Turkey Vulture, Red-tailed Hawk, Red-winged Blackbird). Filoplumes
 never extended beyond the coverts and inserted immediately adjacent to the
 base of their companion primaries, positioning them to detect subtle
 changes in feather vibration or movement. Far more variation in filoplume
 number and morphology was due to species differences than to individuals
 or position in the wing. Across species, filoplume length and number
 increased with calamus length of primaries. In the two species with
 growing primaries, the number and length of filoplumes was only weakly
 associated with molting primaries, suggesting that filoplumes were not
 replaced when their companion primary was replaced. Further, filoplumes
 associated with a growing primary were not replaced synchronously, leaving
 others to sense primary position and movement. Finally, filoplume number
 and length was greatest in Red-tailed Hawks, a species that carries
 individual feathers for multiple years, but links between filoplume
 morphology and molt strategy await broader comparative studies. Taken
 together, the morphology of filoplumes and their replacement schedule
 relative to their associated primary suggests they are sensors, capable of
 detecting subtle differences in the position and movement of their
 companion feathers.
description: The ReadMe section is in a tab in the data file's
 spreadsheet.