DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cm4nm
title: Data from: Frugivory-related traits promote speciation of tropical palms

description: Animal-mediated seed dispersal by frugivorous birds and mammals is central
 to the ecology and functioning of ecosystems, but whether and how
 frugivory-related traits have affected plant speciation remains little
 explored. Fruit size is directly linked to plant dispersal capacity and
 therefore influences gene flow and genetic divergence of plant
 populations. Using a global species-level phylogeny with comprehensive
 data on fruit sizes and plant species distributions, we test whether fruit
 size has affected speciation rates of palms (Arecaceae), a plant family
 characteristic of tropical rainforests. Globally, the results reveal that
 palms with small fruit sizes have increased speciation rates compared with
 those with large (megafaunal) fruits. Speciation of small-fruited palms is
 particularly high in the understory of tropical rainforests in the New
 World, and on islands in the Old World. This suggests that
 frugivory-related traits in combination with geography and the movement
 behaviour of frugivores can influence the speciation of fleshy-fruited
 plants.
description: Palm functional traits
 as used in Onstein et al. NatEcolEvolTrait data for 1774 palm
 species used in Onstein et al. "Frugivory-related traits promote
 speciation of tropical palms" published in Nature Ecology and
 Evolution. These traits include fruit size (binary, 1 = small fruits &lt;
 4 cm, 0 = large, megafaunal fruits &gt; 4 cm), understory growth form
 (binary, 1 = understory growth form, 0 = non understory growth form, i.e.
 canopy), island distribution (binary, i.e. 1 = species occurs on oceanic
 or atoll island, 0 = species occurs on mainland or continental island),
 realm (binary, New World or Old World). These traits can be used to
 perform Binary State Speciation and Extinction (BiSSE) and Multiple State
 Speciation and Extinction (MuSSE) analyses as done in this
 study.traits_Onstein_et_al.csvBiSSE_scriptR script to perform the Binary State Speciation and Extinction (BiSSE) analysis as done in Onstein et al. "Frugivory-related traits promote speciation of tropical palms" published in Nature Ecology and Evolution.MuSSE_scriptR script to perform the Multiple State Speciation and Extinction model (MuSSE multistate) analyses as done in Onstein et al. "Frugivory-related traits promote speciation of tropical palms" published in Nature Ecology and Evolution.Palm MCC phylogenetic treePalm (Arecaceae) Maximum Clade Credibility (MCC) phylogenetic tree based on data from Faurby, S., Eiserhardt, W. L., Baker, W. J. & Svenning, J.-C. An all-evidence species-level supertree for the palms (Arecaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 100, 57-69, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.002 (2016). This tree was used in Onstein et al. "Frugivory-related traits promote speciation of tropical palms" published in Nature Ecology and Evolution and can be used to perform the BiSSE and MuSSE analyses.TREEPalm 100 phylogenetic trees100 palm (Arecaceae) trees from Faurby, S., Eiserhardt, W. L., Baker, W. J. & Svenning, J.-C. An all-evidence species-level supertree for the palms (Arecaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 100, 57-69, doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2016.03.002 (2016). These trees were used in Onstein et al. "Frugivory-related traits promote speciation of tropical palms" published in Nature Ecology and Evolution to perform the BiSSE and MuSSE analyses.TREES.nex