DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0zpc8679n
title: First record of <em>Triops cancriformis</em> (Branchiopoda: Notostraca) in Qatar: Its origin and range expansion inferred from genetics, morphology, and reproduction

description: The presence of Triops cancriformis has not been broadly reported outside
 Europe or North Africa. Among the few exceptions, including the
 studies on the Middle Eastern populations, genetic information is almost
 completely absent.  This study confirms the presence of T.
 cancriformis as a single population in Rawdat Nu’man, Qatar, using both
 morphological and genetic data. The dataset focuses on the
 morphological traits in members of this only population of the species in
 Qatar. Their carina and telson were consistent with the traits in
 the subspecies of T. c. simplex, while their COI and 16S sequence analysis
 revealed that the population of Rawdat Nu’man is consistent with T. c.
 cancriformis. As this morphology vs. genetics inconsistency has been
 reported previously, the observation in the Qatari T. cancriformis further
 calls for reassessment of the status of the two subspecies. The
 COI-based phylogeny shows the Nu’man population being most closely related
 to a population in Königswartha, Germany.  Further, the presence
 of only female individuals, the absence of genetic diversity, and limited
 local distribution indicate recent colonization in Qatar, possibly through
 passive dispersal via diapausing cysts carried by avian vectors during
 seasonal migrations.
description: Morphometry of each specimen was made by measuring the length,
 width, and depth of the carapace, as well as the length of the exposed
 abdomen and the furca. The length of the carapace was measured from the
 anterior terminus along the carina to reach to the sulcus, the width as
 the widest span, and depth as the greatest thickness of the carapace.  In
 addition, the carina was also subject to assessment for the presence of
 ridges or spikes.
description: # First record of *Triops cancriformis* (Branchiopoda: Notostraca) in
 Qatar: Its origin and range expansion inferred from genetics, morphology,
 and reproduction Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.0zpc8679n](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0zpc8679n) ##
 Description of the data and file structure These are morphometric data of
 the tadpole shrimp *Triops cancriformis* in Qatar. Data are listed by each
 individual specimen for a total of 106 wild-caught individuals and 8
 lab-raised specimens. Wild-caught specimens were used to measure their
 carapace length, carapace width, carapace height, abdominal length (as
 Tail length or TL), furca length, all in millimeters.  The number of
 thoracic segment, abdominal segment, and apodal segments of the abdomen
 were discrete numbers without unit. Sex and gravid status were also
 included. Lab-raised specimens were used to measure only the ratio of
 caudal length to carapace length and to identify their sex. There are two
 sets of raw data: the morphometry of Triops cancriformis
 (**Morphometrics_Triops_cancriformis-Dryad.csv**)and the accession numbers
 of the sequences obtained from NCBI
 (**Accession_numbers_of_sequences_obtained_on_NCBI.txt**). ###
 Morphometrics_Triops_cancriformis-Dryad.csv Data are listed by each
 individual specimens collected on four separate dates. Each column
 indicates the individual specimen collected on the specific date. Each row
 specifies the morphological traits being measured. Traits measured include
 the carapace length, carapace width, carapace height, abdominal length (as
 Tail length or TL), and furca length, all in millimeters. The number of
 thoracic segment, abdominal segment, and apodal segment of the abdomen
 were in discrete numbers without unit. The gravidity status were also
 included. There were a total of 106 wild-caught individuals.  ###
 Accession_numbers_of_sequences_obtained_on_NCBI.txt This table lists the
 accession numbers of the COI gene sequences and the 16S gene sequences
 obtained from the NCBI databases. These sequences and the sequence from
 the Qatari *T. cancriformis* were analyzed phylogenetically to understand
 the relationship between the Qatari *T. cancriformis* population and the
 populations from other geographic locations.