cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.34894/jqnard
title: The racial and ethnic gap in behavioral measures rivals the gender gap in the United States – Replication Data

description: &lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;
This is the data of a paper published in PNAS: Dariel et al. (2026) "The racial and ethnic gap in behavioral measures rivals the gender gap in the United States", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.

&lt;h3&gt;Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;
We look at differences in competitiveness and risk tolerance, across Blacks, Hispanics and Whites in the United States.

&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
The data was gathered through an online survey by YouGov. The experiments are incentivized. (2026-01-02). 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
YouGov interviewed 2471 White, Black and Hispanic respondents between the ages of 25 and 54. 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
A sampling frame was constructed by stratified sampling from the full 2016 American Community Survey (ACS) 1-year sample with selection within strata by weighted sampling with replacements (using the person weights on the public use file). 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The respondents were weighted to the sampling frame using propensity scores. The cases and the frame were combined and a logistic regression was estimated for inclusion in the frame. The propensity score function included age, race/ethnicity, years of education, and region. 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The propensity scores were grouped into deciles of the estimated propensity score in the frame and post-stratified according to these deciles. The weights were then post-stratified on 2016 Presidential vote choice, and a four-way stratification of gender, age (4-categories), race (4- categories), and education (4-categories), to produce the final weight. 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
YouGov has provided weights: The respondents were weighted to the sampling frame using propensity scores. The cases and the frame were combined and a logistic regression was estimated for inclusion in the frame. The propensity score function included age, race/ethnicity, years of education, and region. 
&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;
The propensity scores were grouped into deciles of the estimated propensity score in the frame and post-stratified according to these deciles. The weights were then post-stratified on 2016 Presidential vote choice, and a four-way stratification of gender, age (4-categories), race (4- categories), and education (4-categories), to produce the final weight. 
&lt;/p&gt;
description: Stata, 18
description: This entry is a six-files data package totaling 728.10 kB, containing files in .do, .dta, .ods, .pdf and .txt formats. 

If you use this dataset, please cite: Stoop, J., Dariel, A., Ham, J., & Nikiforakis, N. (2026). <i> The racial and ethnic gap in behavioral measures rivals the gender gap in the United States – Replication Data</i> (Version V1) [Data set]. DataverseNL. 
 https://doi.org/10.34894/JQNARD
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18133191
title: Chronology: 1800-1883 Namibia and South Africa

description:  A chronology based on literature review from 1800-1883 in Namibia and South Africa. 

The text is continually updated at:

https://www.futurepasts.net/1800-1883

and in the googledocs version here: 

https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTrz7nor1E0GV84eVpKrrv3sLXT-GhMnDzPwNsWqa673nGhfU80d0dLYEqcc2jties0ZmkZUcdamh88/pub
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18133192
title: Chronology: 1800-1883 Namibia and South Africa

description:  A chronology based on literature review from 1800-1883 in Namibia and South Africa. 

The text is continually updated at:

https://www.futurepasts.net/1800-1883

and in the googledocs version here: 

https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vTrz7nor1E0GV84eVpKrrv3sLXT-GhMnDzPwNsWqa673nGhfU80d0dLYEqcc2jties0ZmkZUcdamh88/pub
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30988082
title: Adjusting the 15-method to Danish general practice: a participatory design approach

description: The 15-method is a primary healthcare tool for opportunistic screening and brief intervention for alcohol-related problems. A Danish feasibility test of the 15-method suggested that adjustments might enhance its fit to Danish general practice. This study reports on user-involving workshops aimed at refining a Danish version of the 15-method. Using a participatory design approach, we conducted iterative cycles of planning, user workshops, evaluating and revising design. Workshops engaged five general practitioners, three nurses, four patients, four researchers, a project manager, a graphics designer and a behavioral design specialist. Through prototyping and scenario enacting, participants co-developed solutions to improve the 15-method’s structure and usability. Prototypes were field tested and evaluated. The 15-method’s treatment step was shortened from four consultations to three by re-structuring of the patient material and increasing flexibility in transitioning from screening to treatment. A quick guide was developed as a shared reference for patients and healthcare professionals, alongside visual aids such as flyers and posters. The healthcare manual was re-designed for flexibility and updated to include varied screening approaches. Field testing confirmed that these adjustments enhanced usability and interdisciplinary collaboration. The participatory design process effectively refined the 15-method for Danish general practice. Future studies will assess the effectiveness of the adapted version on a larger scale.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30988082.v1
title: Adjusting the 15-method to Danish general practice: a participatory design approach

description: The 15-method is a primary healthcare tool for opportunistic screening and brief intervention for alcohol-related problems. A Danish feasibility test of the 15-method suggested that adjustments might enhance its fit to Danish general practice. This study reports on user-involving workshops aimed at refining a Danish version of the 15-method. Using a participatory design approach, we conducted iterative cycles of planning, user workshops, evaluating and revising design. Workshops engaged five general practitioners, three nurses, four patients, four researchers, a project manager, a graphics designer and a behavioral design specialist. Through prototyping and scenario enacting, participants co-developed solutions to improve the 15-method’s structure and usability. Prototypes were field tested and evaluated. The 15-method’s treatment step was shortened from four consultations to three by re-structuring of the patient material and increasing flexibility in transitioning from screening to treatment. A quick guide was developed as a shared reference for patients and healthcare professionals, alongside visual aids such as flyers and posters. The healthcare manual was re-designed for flexibility and updated to include varied screening approaches. Field testing confirmed that these adjustments enhanced usability and interdisciplinary collaboration. The participatory design process effectively refined the 15-method for Danish general practice. Future studies will assess the effectiveness of the adapted version on a larger scale.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25144137
title: A new stem-tetrapod fish from the Middle–Late Devonian of central Australia

description: Remote Devonian exposures in central Australia have produced significant but highly fragmentary remains of fish-grade tetrapodomorphs. We describe a new tetrapodomorph from the Middle–Late Devonian (Givetian–Frasnian) Harajica Sandstone Member of the Amadeus Basin, Northern Territory, which is represented by several nearly complete skulls along with much of the body and postcranial skeleton. The new form has a posteriorly broad postparietal shield, broad, triangular extratemporal bones, and a lanceolate parasphenoid. The spiracular openings are particularly large, a character also recorded in elpistostegalians and <i>Gogonasus</i>, demonstrating that these structures, suggestive of spiracular surface air-breathing, appeared independently in widely differing nodes of the stem-tetrapod radiation. A phylogenetic analysis resolves the new form within a cluster of osteolepidid-grade taxa, either as part of a polytomy or as the most basally branching representative of a clade containing ‘osteolepidids,’ canowindrids, and megalichthyids.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25144137.v2
title: A new stem-tetrapod fish from the Middle–Late Devonian of central Australia

description: Remote Devonian exposures in central Australia have produced significant but highly fragmentary remains of fish-grade tetrapodomorphs. We describe a new tetrapodomorph from the Middle–Late Devonian (Givetian–Frasnian) Harajica Sandstone Member of the Amadeus Basin, Northern Territory, which is represented by several nearly complete skulls along with much of the body and postcranial skeleton. The new form has a posteriorly broad postparietal shield, broad, triangular extratemporal bones, and a lanceolate parasphenoid. The spiracular openings are particularly large, a character also recorded in elpistostegalians and <i>Gogonasus</i>, demonstrating that these structures, suggestive of spiracular surface air-breathing, appeared independently in widely differing nodes of the stem-tetrapod radiation. A phylogenetic analysis resolves the new form within a cluster of osteolepidid-grade taxa, either as part of a polytomy or as the most basally branching representative of a clade containing ‘osteolepidids,’ canowindrids, and megalichthyids.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24989271
title: Cranial morphology of <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> Sukhanov, 2006, a stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of European Russia, with implications for the paleoecology of stem turtles

description: The detailed morphological description of the skull of the stem turtle <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of the Peski locality, Moscow Region, Russia, is provided herein. All cranial structures of <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> prove to be more advanced than in the Triassic and Early Jurassic stem turtles, but more primitive than in crown turtles; its morphology can be basic for both Cryptodira and Pleurodira. Only a few insignificant differences in skull morphology could be found between <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> and <i>Eileanchelys waldmani</i>, except for the size. Several cranial characters of <i>Heckerochelys romani</i>, such as architecture of the feeding apparatus and geometry of the cavum tympani, may indicate the aquatic habitat preference for this turtle, which is supported by taphonomic conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24989271.v1
title: Cranial morphology of <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> Sukhanov, 2006, a stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of European Russia, with implications for the paleoecology of stem turtles

description: The detailed morphological description of the skull of the stem turtle <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of the Peski locality, Moscow Region, Russia, is provided herein. All cranial structures of <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> prove to be more advanced than in the Triassic and Early Jurassic stem turtles, but more primitive than in crown turtles; its morphology can be basic for both Cryptodira and Pleurodira. Only a few insignificant differences in skull morphology could be found between <i>Heckerochelys romani</i> and <i>Eileanchelys waldmani</i>, except for the size. Several cranial characters of <i>Heckerochelys romani</i>, such as architecture of the feeding apparatus and geometry of the cavum tympani, may indicate the aquatic habitat preference for this turtle, which is supported by taphonomic conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25102294
title: Tusked walruses (Carnivora: Odobenidae) from the Miocene–Pliocene Purisima Formation of Santa Cruz, California (U.S.A.): a new species of the toothless walrus <i>Valenictus</i> and the oldest records of Odobeninae and Odobenini

description: Currently limited to cold climates near the Arctic circle, living walruses are the sole survivors of a previously much more diverse clade that occupied coastal waters throughout the northern hemisphere during the Mio–Pliocene. Though pinniped faunas have the highest diversity of walruses in the Miocene, the Purisima Formation of California records a moderately diverse assemblage of four walrus species. We report new specimens of tusked walruses (Odobeninae) including the oldest known members of Odobeninae, and Odobenini, and fossils of the specialized toothless odobenine walrus <i>Valenictus</i> Mitchell, 1961. Among these is the new species <i>Valenictus sheperdi</i> sp. nov., represented by a complete skull and referred post-crania from lower Pliocene strata within the Purisima Formation (5.33–4.89 Ma). Additionally, we report a geochronologically younger skull of <i>Valenictus chulavistensis</i> Deméré, 1994 from further up section (4.89–3.59 Ma). Expanded phylogenetic analysis recovers Odobeninae including <i>Ontocetus</i> Leidy, 1859 as the earliest diverging lineage in the Odobenini, and places a monophyletic <i>Valenictus</i> as the sister taxon to <i>Pliopedia</i>, Kellogg, 1921 which is included in a phylogeny for the first time; <i>Odobenus</i> is sister to the <i>Valenictus</i> + <i>Pliopedia</i> clade. Discovery of an isolated metacarpal near the base of the formation provides the oldest known well-dated evidence of odobenines. A diverse assemblage of molluskivores characterized the Neogene eastern North Pacific and their extinction around the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary coincided with tectonically driven paleogeographic changes on the Pacific coast. The loss of temperate walruses may have provided opportunities for both new molluskivores and the otariid and phocid pinnipeds that make up present North Pacific pinniped communities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25102294.v1
title: Tusked walruses (Carnivora: Odobenidae) from the Miocene–Pliocene Purisima Formation of Santa Cruz, California (U.S.A.): a new species of the toothless walrus <i>Valenictus</i> and the oldest records of Odobeninae and Odobenini

description: Currently limited to cold climates near the Arctic circle, living walruses are the sole survivors of a previously much more diverse clade that occupied coastal waters throughout the northern hemisphere during the Mio–Pliocene. Though pinniped faunas have the highest diversity of walruses in the Miocene, the Purisima Formation of California records a moderately diverse assemblage of four walrus species. We report new specimens of tusked walruses (Odobeninae) including the oldest known members of Odobeninae, and Odobenini, and fossils of the specialized toothless odobenine walrus <i>Valenictus</i> Mitchell, 1961. Among these is the new species <i>Valenictus sheperdi</i> sp. nov., represented by a complete skull and referred post-crania from lower Pliocene strata within the Purisima Formation (5.33–4.89 Ma). Additionally, we report a geochronologically younger skull of <i>Valenictus chulavistensis</i> Deméré, 1994 from further up section (4.89–3.59 Ma). Expanded phylogenetic analysis recovers Odobeninae including <i>Ontocetus</i> Leidy, 1859 as the earliest diverging lineage in the Odobenini, and places a monophyletic <i>Valenictus</i> as the sister taxon to <i>Pliopedia</i>, Kellogg, 1921 which is included in a phylogeny for the first time; <i>Odobenus</i> is sister to the <i>Valenictus</i> + <i>Pliopedia</i> clade. Discovery of an isolated metacarpal near the base of the formation provides the oldest known well-dated evidence of odobenines. A diverse assemblage of molluskivores characterized the Neogene eastern North Pacific and their extinction around the Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary coincided with tectonically driven paleogeographic changes on the Pacific coast. The loss of temperate walruses may have provided opportunities for both new molluskivores and the otariid and phocid pinnipeds that make up present North Pacific pinniped communities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24967582
title: Unraveling the diversity of early felines: a new genus of Felinae (Carnivora, Felidae) from the Middle Miocene of Madrid (Spain)

description: We describe a hemimandible of a medium-sized feline from the Middle Miocene (middle Aragonian, MN 5, local biozone Dc, around 15.5 Ma) site of Príncipe Pío-2, a recently discovered fossil locality placed in the urban limits of Madrid city (Spain), within an area previously known for its rich paleontological findings. The specimen is very well preserved, showing the complete hemimandible, as well as all the teeth except the incisors. Some characters, such as the missing talonid in m1, the high p3, the large mesial cuspid in p4, and the presence of a vestigial m2, prevent its adscription to other known feline taxa such as <i>Styriofelis turnauensis</i> or <i>Miopanthera lorteti</i>, previously recorded in the Middle Miocene faunas from Europe, but absent in the central basins of Spain. The hemimandible has robust mandibular corpus and ramus compared with these latter and to extant felines of similar size, and exhibits a relatively stronger ridged masseteric line, which points towards the existence of a proportionally larger and more powerful m. masseter that generated a strong bite when hunting. These characters suggest that the Príncipe Pío-2 feline could have preyed upon relatively larger prey than those of extant, similarly sized felines. We propose the new genus and species <i>Magerifelis peignei</i> for the studied specimen, a species that would also include the material from the French Middle Miocene localities of Bézian and Artenay.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24967582.v1
title: Unraveling the diversity of early felines: a new genus of Felinae (Carnivora, Felidae) from the Middle Miocene of Madrid (Spain)

description: We describe a hemimandible of a medium-sized feline from the Middle Miocene (middle Aragonian, MN 5, local biozone Dc, around 15.5 Ma) site of Príncipe Pío-2, a recently discovered fossil locality placed in the urban limits of Madrid city (Spain), within an area previously known for its rich paleontological findings. The specimen is very well preserved, showing the complete hemimandible, as well as all the teeth except the incisors. Some characters, such as the missing talonid in m1, the high p3, the large mesial cuspid in p4, and the presence of a vestigial m2, prevent its adscription to other known feline taxa such as <i>Styriofelis turnauensis</i> or <i>Miopanthera lorteti</i>, previously recorded in the Middle Miocene faunas from Europe, but absent in the central basins of Spain. The hemimandible has robust mandibular corpus and ramus compared with these latter and to extant felines of similar size, and exhibits a relatively stronger ridged masseteric line, which points towards the existence of a proportionally larger and more powerful m. masseter that generated a strong bite when hunting. These characters suggest that the Príncipe Pío-2 feline could have preyed upon relatively larger prey than those of extant, similarly sized felines. We propose the new genus and species <i>Magerifelis peignei</i> for the studied specimen, a species that would also include the material from the French Middle Miocene localities of Bézian and Artenay.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24967582.v2
title: Unraveling the diversity of early felines: a new genus of Felinae (Carnivora, Felidae) from the Middle Miocene of Madrid (Spain)

description: We describe a hemimandible of a medium-sized feline from the Middle Miocene (middle Aragonian, MN 5, local biozone Dc, around 15.5 Ma) site of Príncipe Pío-2, a recently discovered fossil locality placed in the urban limits of Madrid city (Spain), within an area previously known for its rich paleontological findings. The specimen is very well preserved, showing the complete hemimandible, as well as all the teeth except the incisors. Some characters, such as the missing talonid in m1, the high p3, the large mesial cuspid in p4, and the presence of a vestigial m2, prevent its adscription to other known feline taxa such as <i>Styriofelis turnauensis</i> or <i>Miopanthera lorteti</i>, previously recorded in the Middle Miocene faunas from Europe, but absent in the central basins of Spain. The hemimandible has robust mandibular corpus and ramus compared with these latter and to extant felines of similar size, and exhibits a relatively stronger ridged masseteric line, which points towards the existence of a proportionally larger and more powerful m. masseter that generated a strong bite when hunting. These characters suggest that the Príncipe Pío-2 feline could have preyed upon relatively larger prey than those of extant, similarly sized felines. We propose the new genus and species <i>Magerifelis peignei</i> for the studied specimen, a species that would also include the material from the French Middle Miocene localities of Bézian and Artenay.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25027425
title: New early and middle Eocene artiodactyls from the Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia, China

description: Eocene artiodactyls from Asia were considered less diverse and abundant than the contemporary perissodactyls, especially in the Eocene faunas from the Mongolia Plateau and Central Asia. By contrast, artiodactyls are highly diverse and endemic from the Eocene deposits of Europe and North America. Here we report two new genera and three new species of small- to medium-sized artiodactyls preserved by fragmentary materials from the Early and Middle Eocene of the Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia, China. <i>Paraphenacodus gabuniai</i> sp. nov. represents the first record of artiodactyls from Arshantan Asian Land Mammal Age, and shows some more primitive characters than <i>Paraphenacodus solivagus</i> from the Middle Eocene of the Zaysan Depression of Kazakhstan. Although <i>Paraphenacodus</i> with generally bunodont teeth shows some similarities with both Early Eocene <i>Tsaganohyus</i> from Mongolia and early cebochoerid <i>Gervachoerus</i> from Europe, its affinities with other artiodactyls remain obscure. Two new genera and species, <i>Irdinodon bicuspidata</i> gen. et sp. nov. and <i>Aliusuellus laolii</i> gen. et sp. nov., from the Irdinmanhan ALMA represent new taxa of Lantianiinae and Tapirulidae, respectively. <i>Irdinodon</i> is characterized by twinned metaconules and entoconids on the upper and lower molars in lantianiines. <i>Aliusuellus</i> is characterized by a large size and a distinct ridge raised along the posterolingual side of the paracone to its apex on M2. These new artiodactyl materials from the Erlian Basin, as well as recently reported tapirulids and bunodont <i>Erlianhyus</i>, increase the diversity of the Eocene artiodactyls from the Mongolia Plateau, and provide new clues on the origin and dispersal of some early artiodactyls.