cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5721025
title: Glomangiopericytoma: an unusual type of nasosinusal tumor

description: ABSTRACT Glomangiopericytomas are soft tissue tumors showing distinct perivascular myoid differentiation in sinonasal region that correspond to less than 0.5% of neoplasms in this region. We report the case of a 39-year-old patient with intranasal tumor of hemangiopericytoid pattern and immunohistochemistry compatible with glomangiopericytoma. We opted for external and endonasal surgical treatment, with preoperative embolization. Glomangiopericytomas are uncommon and are characterized by frequent recurrence, but metastases are rare. Generally painless, they present with unilateral nasal obstruction and/or epistaxis, with a polypoid, reddish and friable mass, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5721025.v1
title: Glomangiopericytoma: an unusual type of nasosinusal tumor

description: ABSTRACT Glomangiopericytomas are soft tissue tumors showing distinct perivascular myoid differentiation in sinonasal region that correspond to less than 0.5% of neoplasms in this region. We report the case of a 39-year-old patient with intranasal tumor of hemangiopericytoid pattern and immunohistochemistry compatible with glomangiopericytoma. We opted for external and endonasal surgical treatment, with preoperative embolization. Glomangiopericytomas are uncommon and are characterized by frequent recurrence, but metastases are rare. Generally painless, they present with unilateral nasal obstruction and/or epistaxis, with a polypoid, reddish and friable mass, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504698.v1
title: Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of microorganisms in a university hospital from Vitória (ES), Brazil

description: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) occur during the hospital stay as a result of underlying morbidity, invasive procedures, acute pathology or medical treatment. They lead prolonged stay and, consequently, to an increase in financial charges. The main tool to control these infections is the use of antimicrobials. However, the increase in resistance and the low frequency of discovery of new drugs justify the research that evaluates the resistance profile of microorganisms to antimicrobials. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of HAIs at a philanthropic reference hospital in Espírito Santo, Brazil. METHODS: Observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, between July 2014 and June 2016. Data on blood, urine and corporal secretions culture were collected from the data base of the Hospital Infection Control Commission. RESULTS: There was a high prevalence of HAIs in patients older than 60 years. Two hundred and forty three (47.55%) patients were female. The four most prevalent bacteria were: Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Polymyxin was the drug which presented the best antimicrobial effects. CONCLUSION: Polymyxin was active in vitro against all isolates of Acinetobacter spp. Regarding K. pneumoniae, both polymyxin and amikacin showed a significant effectiveness. Regarding Pseudomonas aeruginosa, polymyxin was effective in all samples. Regarding S. aureus, teicoplanin, daptomycin and vancomycin were effective in all samples. Polymyxin showed a good overall in vitro activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504698
title: Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of microorganisms in a university hospital from Vitória (ES), Brazil

description: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Healthcare associated infections (HAIs) occur during the hospital stay as a result of underlying morbidity, invasive procedures, acute pathology or medical treatment. They lead prolonged stay and, consequently, to an increase in financial charges. The main tool to control these infections is the use of antimicrobials. However, the increase in resistance and the low frequency of discovery of new drugs justify the research that evaluates the resistance profile of microorganisms to antimicrobials. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of HAIs at a philanthropic reference hospital in Espírito Santo, Brazil. METHODS: Observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study, between July 2014 and June 2016. Data on blood, urine and corporal secretions culture were collected from the data base of the Hospital Infection Control Commission. RESULTS: There was a high prevalence of HAIs in patients older than 60 years. Two hundred and forty three (47.55%) patients were female. The four most prevalent bacteria were: Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Polymyxin was the drug which presented the best antimicrobial effects. CONCLUSION: Polymyxin was active in vitro against all isolates of Acinetobacter spp. Regarding K. pneumoniae, both polymyxin and amikacin showed a significant effectiveness. Regarding Pseudomonas aeruginosa, polymyxin was effective in all samples. Regarding S. aureus, teicoplanin, daptomycin and vancomycin were effective in all samples. Polymyxin showed a good overall in vitro activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7452008
title: Evaluation of acute toxicity of β-lapachone associated with chitosan as a cytoprotective agent

description: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: β-lapachone (β-LAP), a potent antitumor agent, has limited therapeutic use due to its low solubility and high toxicity. A possible strategy to overcome these drawbacks may be the use of adjuvants such as chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide with biological properties of biocompatibility and biodegradability. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the adjuvant action of CS as a cytoprotectant associated with β-LAP, through acute toxicity studies, evaluating histopathological changes in organs such as liver and kidneys. METHODS: The β-LAP-CS conjugate was prepared in a 1:1 ratio, administered orally, with a single dose of β-LAP of 80 mg/kg, in Swiss mice. Histomorphological and histomorphometric analyses of the kidneys and liver were performed. RESULTS: In the histomorphological studies of the tested groups, we observed that the hepatocytes of animals treated with the free drug presented morphological alterations, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization, cellular extravasation, atypical and pyknotic nuclei. In this same group, the kidneys presented granular aspects suggestive of glomerulonephritis. These changes were not found in the control group and in animals treated with CS-conjugated β-LAP. There was no statistical difference in the histomorphometric analyses of the distal tubules and the renal glomeruli between the three groups analyzed, even with evident histomorphological alterations. After histomorphometric studies, it was observed that the area of hepatocytes and their cell nuclei presented a statistically significant difference between the animals treated with free β-LAP and the β-LAP-CS. CONCLUSION: The decrease in β-LAP toxicity after conjugation may be related to the hepatoprotective property of CS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7452008.v1
title: Evaluation of acute toxicity of β-lapachone associated with chitosan as a cytoprotective agent

description: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: β-lapachone (β-LAP), a potent antitumor agent, has limited therapeutic use due to its low solubility and high toxicity. A possible strategy to overcome these drawbacks may be the use of adjuvants such as chitosan (CS), a cationic polysaccharide with biological properties of biocompatibility and biodegradability. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the adjuvant action of CS as a cytoprotectant associated with β-LAP, through acute toxicity studies, evaluating histopathological changes in organs such as liver and kidneys. METHODS: The β-LAP-CS conjugate was prepared in a 1:1 ratio, administered orally, with a single dose of β-LAP of 80 mg/kg, in Swiss mice. Histomorphological and histomorphometric analyses of the kidneys and liver were performed. RESULTS: In the histomorphological studies of the tested groups, we observed that the hepatocytes of animals treated with the free drug presented morphological alterations, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization, cellular extravasation, atypical and pyknotic nuclei. In this same group, the kidneys presented granular aspects suggestive of glomerulonephritis. These changes were not found in the control group and in animals treated with CS-conjugated β-LAP. There was no statistical difference in the histomorphometric analyses of the distal tubules and the renal glomeruli between the three groups analyzed, even with evident histomorphological alterations. After histomorphometric studies, it was observed that the area of hepatocytes and their cell nuclei presented a statistically significant difference between the animals treated with free β-LAP and the β-LAP-CS. CONCLUSION: The decrease in β-LAP toxicity after conjugation may be related to the hepatoprotective property of CS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8127479
title: Histopathological profile of patients diagnosed with malignant tumors assisted in a hospital of reference of Agreste Pernambucano

description: ABSTRACT Cancer is considered a public health problem and is commonly known because of its high mortality rate worldwide. The histopathological evaluation is a fundamental requirement to determine the nature of the lesion, thus it is considered the gold standard examination for diagnosis of neoplasia. The present study aims to evaluate the histopathological profile of patients with malignant tumors diagnosed at a reference hospital in the Agreste Pernambucano. A cross-sectional, descriptive study of a quantitative documentary survey was conducted using the database of the clinical analysis laboratory of the referred Hospital in the field of pathology in the year 2016. A total of 74 cases were selected, and the male gender was the most affected. The age group of patients with the highest prevalence was between 50 and 70 years of age. Clinical characteristics: The most prevalent anatomical location with tumors was both the colon/rectum (30%) and skin (30%). The most common histological type was adenocarcinoma (47.2%). The pathological profile of cancer patients in the region studied were characterized, which served as a database for future epidemiological studies and as a subsidy for the implementation of preventive public policies for the population of this region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8194724
title: Oral cavity lipoma: a study of 101 cases in a Brazilian population

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Lipomas are benign soft tissue tumors commonly found in the human body. Although common in the head and neck region, in the oral cavity region they are uncommon, accounting for only 1% to 4% of benign oral cavity lesions. Objective: This study aims to identify the clinical and histopathological characteristics of oral cavity lipomas subjected to histopathological analysis at a pathology laboratory in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Methods: Data from all cases of oral lesions diagnosed as lipoma and confirmed by histopathological examination over a period of 10 years were collected, including: gender, age, anatomical location, clinical diagnosis and histopathological subtypes. Results: During the period evaluated, 101 cases were diagnosed as lipomas, representing 1.01% of oral cavity biopsies. Females were more affected, with a male/female ratio of 1: 1.8, and with a peak of incidence between 50 and 70 years of age. The buccal mucosa was the most affected anatomical region, followed by the lower lip. Classic lipoma and fibrolipoma were the histological variants of lipoma most commonly found in the oral cavity, with 64 cases of classic lipoma and 29 cases of fibrolipoma. Other histological variants were: sialolipoma, angiolipoma, chondrolipoma, myxolipoma and intramuscular lipoma. Conclusion: Lipomas are uncommon lesions in the oral cavity, which present a higher prevalence in the buccal mucosa of adults, aged between 50 and 70 years, and with higher female preference.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8194724.v1
title: Oral cavity lipoma: a study of 101 cases in a Brazilian population

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Lipomas are benign soft tissue tumors commonly found in the human body. Although common in the head and neck region, in the oral cavity region they are uncommon, accounting for only 1% to 4% of benign oral cavity lesions. Objective: This study aims to identify the clinical and histopathological characteristics of oral cavity lipomas subjected to histopathological analysis at a pathology laboratory in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Methods: Data from all cases of oral lesions diagnosed as lipoma and confirmed by histopathological examination over a period of 10 years were collected, including: gender, age, anatomical location, clinical diagnosis and histopathological subtypes. Results: During the period evaluated, 101 cases were diagnosed as lipomas, representing 1.01% of oral cavity biopsies. Females were more affected, with a male/female ratio of 1: 1.8, and with a peak of incidence between 50 and 70 years of age. The buccal mucosa was the most affected anatomical region, followed by the lower lip. Classic lipoma and fibrolipoma were the histological variants of lipoma most commonly found in the oral cavity, with 64 cases of classic lipoma and 29 cases of fibrolipoma. Other histological variants were: sialolipoma, angiolipoma, chondrolipoma, myxolipoma and intramuscular lipoma. Conclusion: Lipomas are uncommon lesions in the oral cavity, which present a higher prevalence in the buccal mucosa of adults, aged between 50 and 70 years, and with higher female preference.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025976
title: The importance of flow cytometry in the diagnosis and monitoring of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: The paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal disease of the hematopoietic stem cells, and it is clinically characterized by chronic intravascular hemolysis, bone marrow failure and hypercoagulability leading to thrombosis. It is a rare disorder of the hematopoietic stem cells that occurs due to a somatic mutation in the gene phosphatidylinositol glycan class A (PIG-A). Objective: Here we reviewed the importance of screening and monitoring of individuals with high risk of developing PNH, since the early diagnosis of the disease is essential for better prognostic and treatment choice for the patient. Method: A review was carried out with great focus on the pathophysiology and diagnosis of PNH, mainly with the use of flow cytometry technique to detect the disease. Results: This gene codifies an enzyme essential to the formation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), which acts as a molecular anchor for many membrane proteins. The alteration of GPI synthesis promotes a partial or complete loss of proteins that needs this molecular anchor to bind to the cell surface. Among these proteins are the CD55 and the CD59, which control the activation of the complement cascade. Conclusion: The immunophenotyping exam with flow cytometry is considered the reference test for PNH diagnosis, since the technique is highly sensitive and specific, presenting advantages as the quantitative identification of small populations of cells with PNH phenotype and the capacity to distinguish cells with partial or total deficiency of GPI-anchored proteins.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025976.v1
title: The importance of flow cytometry in the diagnosis and monitoring of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: The paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal disease of the hematopoietic stem cells, and it is clinically characterized by chronic intravascular hemolysis, bone marrow failure and hypercoagulability leading to thrombosis. It is a rare disorder of the hematopoietic stem cells that occurs due to a somatic mutation in the gene phosphatidylinositol glycan class A (PIG-A). Objective: Here we reviewed the importance of screening and monitoring of individuals with high risk of developing PNH, since the early diagnosis of the disease is essential for better prognostic and treatment choice for the patient. Method: A review was carried out with great focus on the pathophysiology and diagnosis of PNH, mainly with the use of flow cytometry technique to detect the disease. Results: This gene codifies an enzyme essential to the formation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), which acts as a molecular anchor for many membrane proteins. The alteration of GPI synthesis promotes a partial or complete loss of proteins that needs this molecular anchor to bind to the cell surface. Among these proteins are the CD55 and the CD59, which control the activation of the complement cascade. Conclusion: The immunophenotyping exam with flow cytometry is considered the reference test for PNH diagnosis, since the technique is highly sensitive and specific, presenting advantages as the quantitative identification of small populations of cells with PNH phenotype and the capacity to distinguish cells with partial or total deficiency of GPI-anchored proteins.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025978
title: Hereditary hemochromatosis associated with the development of liver cirrhosis

description: ABSTRACT Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive disease, most often associated with mutations in the HFE gene, which result in continuous absorption of iron, causing its overload. Liver tissue is the main site of iron deposition; thus, high levels of iron, when interacting with oxygen, induce the formation of free radicals that will act on proteins, lipids, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which may trigger deleterious effects at cellular and tissue levels. In order to elucidate the development and progression of liver cirrhosis due to iron overload, the purpose of this study is to describe the pathophysiology of the hepatic system in patients diagnosed with HH. For this purpose, searches for scientific articles were carried out in the main academic databases. We found that patients diagnosed with HH are more likely to develop liver cirrhosis, since chronic iron deposition in liver tissue induces injury and consequent tissue regeneration, progressing to collagen fibers synthesis surrounding the hepatocytes, leading to loss of liver function and development of cirrhosis. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out tests such as iron, ferritin and transferrin measurements, to evaluate body’s iron stores, aiming at an early diagnosis of iron overload, thus avoiding deleterious damage at cellular and tissue levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025978.v1
title: Hereditary hemochromatosis associated with the development of liver cirrhosis

description: ABSTRACT Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive disease, most often associated with mutations in the HFE gene, which result in continuous absorption of iron, causing its overload. Liver tissue is the main site of iron deposition; thus, high levels of iron, when interacting with oxygen, induce the formation of free radicals that will act on proteins, lipids, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which may trigger deleterious effects at cellular and tissue levels. In order to elucidate the development and progression of liver cirrhosis due to iron overload, the purpose of this study is to describe the pathophysiology of the hepatic system in patients diagnosed with HH. For this purpose, searches for scientific articles were carried out in the main academic databases. We found that patients diagnosed with HH are more likely to develop liver cirrhosis, since chronic iron deposition in liver tissue induces injury and consequent tissue regeneration, progressing to collagen fibers synthesis surrounding the hepatocytes, leading to loss of liver function and development of cirrhosis. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out tests such as iron, ferritin and transferrin measurements, to evaluate body’s iron stores, aiming at an early diagnosis of iron overload, thus avoiding deleterious damage at cellular and tissue levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025985.v1
title: Evaluation of urinalysis pre-analytical phase in a private laboratory of Maringá city, Paraná, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Routine urinalysis is among the most requested exams in the clinical laboratory, assisting in the diagnosis of various diseases and treatment follow-up. In this case, the pre-analytical phase is extremely important because the quality of the sample directly influences the analysis and interpretation of the result. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the main errors in the pre-analytical phase of routine urine examination in a private laboratory and their frequency of occurrence. Material and method: Data were collected from 2014 to 2018. In all, 107,277 urine samples were registered and 98 (0.09%) were sent for recollection. Results: Recollect requests were higher among females (81.6%), and the most affected age groups were 51 to 60 years old and 21 to 30 years old. The most common justification for recollection was insufficient material (48.0%), followed by confirmation of results in 24.5% of cases. The predominance of urine recollection in women was due to their having urine tests more often since they are more prone to urinary tract infections, especially in the sexually active and postmenopausal life stages. Conclusion: In general, the urine recollection rate obtained in the research was lower than the goal set by the laboratory; however, the main reasons that led to recollection request could be avoided or minimized if patients had been well educated on the correct collection procedures, indicating the need for constant training and training programs of the work team.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025985
title: Evaluation of urinalysis pre-analytical phase in a private laboratory of Maringá city, Paraná, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Routine urinalysis is among the most requested exams in the clinical laboratory, assisting in the diagnosis of various diseases and treatment follow-up. In this case, the pre-analytical phase is extremely important because the quality of the sample directly influences the analysis and interpretation of the result. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the main errors in the pre-analytical phase of routine urine examination in a private laboratory and their frequency of occurrence. Material and method: Data were collected from 2014 to 2018. In all, 107,277 urine samples were registered and 98 (0.09%) were sent for recollection. Results: Recollect requests were higher among females (81.6%), and the most affected age groups were 51 to 60 years old and 21 to 30 years old. The most common justification for recollection was insufficient material (48.0%), followed by confirmation of results in 24.5% of cases. The predominance of urine recollection in women was due to their having urine tests more often since they are more prone to urinary tract infections, especially in the sexually active and postmenopausal life stages. Conclusion: In general, the urine recollection rate obtained in the research was lower than the goal set by the laboratory; however, the main reasons that led to recollection request could be avoided or minimized if patients had been well educated on the correct collection procedures, indicating the need for constant training and training programs of the work team.