cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/k336-r342
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pafuri, South Africa 1000 Year Baobab Tree Carbon Isotope Data

description: A proxy rainfall record for northeastern South Africa based on carbon isotope analysis of four baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) trees shows centennial and decadal scale variability over the last 1,000 years. The record is in good agreement with a 200-year tree ring record from Zimbabwe, and it indicates the existence of a rainfall dipole between the summer and winter rainfall areas of South Africa. The wettest period was c. AD 1075 in the Medieval Warm Period, and the driest periods were c. AD 1635, c. AD 1695 and c. AD 1805 during the Little Ice Age. Decadal-scale variability suggests that the rainfall forcing mechanisms are a complex interaction between proximal and distal factors. Periods of higher rainfall are significantly associated with lower sea-surface temperatures in the Agulhas Current core region and a negative Dipole Moment Index in the Indian Ocean. The correlation between rainfall and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation Index is non-static. Wetter conditions are associated with predominantly El Niño conditions over most of the record, but since about AD 1970 this relationship inverted and wet conditions are currently associated with la Nina conditions. The effect of both proximal and distal oceanic influences are insufficient to explain the rainfall regime shift between the Medieval Warm Period and the Little Ice Age, and the evidence suggests that this was the result of a northward shift of the subtropical westerlies rather than a southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
description: Carbon isotopic data of tree rings from South African baobab trees (Adansonia digitata L.) as a rainfall proxy.  Composite record derived from 4 boabab trees. NOTE: Please see data from Woodborne et al. (2016) Plos One for updated age model for these data. Data available at: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/19320; https://doi.org/10.25921/ye8y-3g15. Ages and data in this file are as originally reported in Woodborne et al. 2015 (no data or age values have been modified). Keywords: ITCZ, DMI, Agulhas Current SST, southern Africa.
IITRDB13
DOI: 10.25921/kmz2-0s60
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Central Andes composite 11 Tree ring width, PAGES LOTRED-SA Version

description: This study presents a comprehensive assessment of high-resolution Southern Hemisphere (SH) paleoarchives covering the last 2000 years. We identified 174 monthly to annually resolved climate proxy (tree ring, coral, ice core, documentary, speleothem and sedimentary) records from the Hemisphere. We assess the interannual and decadal sensitivity of each proxy record to large-scale circulation indices from the Pacific, Indian and Southern Ocean regions over the twentieth century. We then analyse the potential of this newly expanded palaeoclimate network to collectively represent predictands (sea surface temperature, sea level pressure, surface air temperature and precipitation) commonly used in climate reconstructions. The key dynamical centres-of-action of the equatorial Indo-Pacific are well captured by the palaeoclimate network, indicating that there is considerable reconstruction potential in this region, particularly in the post AD 1600 period when a number of long coral records are available. Current spatiotemporal gaps in data coverage and regions where significant potential for future proxy collection exists are discussed. We then highlight the need for new and extended records from key dynamical regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Although large-scale climate field reconstructions for the SH are in their infancy, we report that excellent progress in the development of regional proxies now makes plausible estimates of continental- to hemispheric-scale climate variations possible.
description: Uploaded by R. Neukom, data obtained from original authors.
	These are not raw data but processed and truncated chronologies, representing a composite of two or more individual sites. Details see (Neukom and Gergis 2011, The Holocene, DOI: 10.1177/0959683611427335). For the raws contact the authors or/and check ITRDB.
DOI: 10.25921/k6tv-b540
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Scharnweber - Blumberg - QURO - ITRDB GERM218

description: For north-eastern Germany regional climate models project rising temperatures in combination with decreasing summer and increasing winter precipitation. The resulting overall drier conditions during the growing season will considerably impact forest growth there. We evaluate the consequences of increasing drought on the growth of the two locally most important broadleaf tree species common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.). Three mixed forests of beech and oak were sampled along a west-east gradient of declining precipitation. In total we used 257 ring-width samples from 133 trees to build six species and site specific chronologies. Additionally, we modelled the soil water budget for each site. We performed continuous and discontinuous (pointer year) analysis of climate-tree-growth relationships with particular emphasis on inter-annual-variations and their dependence upon climatic factors (temperature, precipitation, soil moisture) and on the stability of the obtained relationships. Results of climate-growth correlations together with pointer year analysis indicate a strong dependency of growth of both species from water availability, especially during early summer (June and July). General correlation pattern between growth and climate are similar for both species, but climate sensitivity of beech is generally higher. We identified drought as the main driver of negative growth depressions in both species. Increasing drought stress along the gradient is expressed in higher correlations to climatic variables, higher sensitivity (variance) of growth, and a higher number of negative pointer years for both species. For beech we also found a significant trend of decreasing average growth rates along the gradient. Growth superiority of beech compared to oak declines with decreasing precipitation. The relationships were generally stable throughout the 20th century. A rise of sensitivity together with a higher frequency of negative pointer years during the last decades suggests that increasing climatic variability together with rising temperatures might be influencing growth of Fagus at the more humid sites. If we substitute space by time it seems that already small changes in precipitation regime can have considerable impact, especially on the growth of beech. Other, more drought tolerant species like oak might gain competitive advantages under the projected climatic changes.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/kx5n-ez68
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Central Andes composite 14 Tree ring width, PAGES LOTRED-SA Version

description: This study presents a comprehensive assessment of high-resolution Southern Hemisphere (SH) paleoarchives covering the last 2000 years. We identified 174 monthly to annually resolved climate proxy (tree ring, coral, ice core, documentary, speleothem and sedimentary) records from the Hemisphere. We assess the interannual and decadal sensitivity of each proxy record to large-scale circulation indices from the Pacific, Indian and Southern Ocean regions over the twentieth century. We then analyse the potential of this newly expanded palaeoclimate network to collectively represent predictands (sea surface temperature, sea level pressure, surface air temperature and precipitation) commonly used in climate reconstructions. The key dynamical centres-of-action of the equatorial Indo-Pacific are well captured by the palaeoclimate network, indicating that there is considerable reconstruction potential in this region, particularly in the post AD 1600 period when a number of long coral records are available. Current spatiotemporal gaps in data coverage and regions where significant potential for future proxy collection exists are discussed. We then highlight the need for new and extended records from key dynamical regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Although large-scale climate field reconstructions for the SH are in their infancy, we report that excellent progress in the development of regional proxies now makes plausible estimates of continental- to hemispheric-scale climate variations possible.
description: Uploaded by R. Neukom, data obtained from original authors.
	These are not raw data but processed and truncated chronologies, representing a composite of two or more individual sites. Details see (Neukom and Gergis 2011, The Holocene, DOI: 10.1177/0959683611427335). For the raws contact the authors or/and check ITRDB.
DOI: 10.25921/kgce-xr07
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Central Andes composite 2 Tree ring width, PAGES LOTRED-SA Version

description: This study presents a comprehensive assessment of high-resolution Southern Hemisphere (SH) paleoarchives covering the last 2000 years. We identified 174 monthly to annually resolved climate proxy (tree ring, coral, ice core, documentary, speleothem and sedimentary) records from the Hemisphere. We assess the interannual and decadal sensitivity of each proxy record to large-scale circulation indices from the Pacific, Indian and Southern Ocean regions over the twentieth century. We then analyse the potential of this newly expanded palaeoclimate network to collectively represent predictands (sea surface temperature, sea level pressure, surface air temperature and precipitation) commonly used in climate reconstructions. The key dynamical centres-of-action of the equatorial Indo-Pacific are well captured by the palaeoclimate network, indicating that there is considerable reconstruction potential in this region, particularly in the post AD 1600 period when a number of long coral records are available. Current spatiotemporal gaps in data coverage and regions where significant potential for future proxy collection exists are discussed. We then highlight the need for new and extended records from key dynamical regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Although large-scale climate field reconstructions for the SH are in their infancy, we report that excellent progress in the development of regional proxies now makes plausible estimates of continental- to hemispheric-scale climate variations possible.
description: Uploaded by R. Neukom, data obtained from original authors.
	These are not raw data but processed and truncated chronologies, representing a composite of two or more individual sites. Details see (Neukom and Gergis 2011, The Holocene, DOI: 10.1177/0959683611427335). For the raws contact the authors or/and check ITRDB.
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/13386819
title: Peer-to-Peer Boliviano (BOB) Exchange Data
DOI: 10.25921/kh83-qc33
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Knapp - Ferry Landing Research Natural Area - PSME - ITRDB MT129

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/kdav-pa16
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - EPICA Dronning Maud Land Ice Core 1cm Electric Conductivity Measurements (ECM)

description: We present a technique that modifies and extends down-hole target methods to provide absolute measures of uncertainty in radar-reflector depth of origin. We use ice-core profiles to model wave propagation and reflection, and then cross-correlate the model results with radio-echo sounding (RES) data to identify the depth of reflector events. Stacked traces recorded with RES near the EPICA drill site in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, provide reference radargrams, and dielectric properties along the deep ice core form the input data to a forward model of wave propagation that produces synthetic radargrams. Cross-correlations between synthetic and RES radargrams identify differences in propagation wave speed. They are attributed to uncertainties in pure-ice permittivity and are used for calibration. Removing conductivity peaks results in the disappearance of related synthetic reflections and enables the unambiguous relation of electric signatures to RES features. We find that (i) density measurements with gamma-attenuation or dielectric profiling are too noisy below the firn-ice transition to allow clear identification of reflections, (ii) single conductivity peaks less than 0.5 m wide cause the majority of prominent reflections beyond a travel time of about 10 mu s (~900 m depth) and (iii) some closely spaced conductivity peaks within a range of 1-2 m cannot be resolved within the RES or synthetic data. Our results provide a depth accuracy to allow synchronization of age-depth profiles of ice cores by RES, modeling of isochronous internal structures, and determination of wave speed and of pure-ice properties. The technique successfully operates with dielectric profiling and electrical conductivity measurements, suggesting that it can be applied at other ice cores and drill sites.
description: Electrical conductivity measurements (ECM) at 1cm. resolution.
DOI: 10.25921/ktp5-2m64
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Soulé - Cabin Gulch Research Natural Area - PSME - ITRDB MT133

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/kpzy-h430
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Copenheaver - Sinking Creek Mountain - QUAL - ITRDB VA034

description: Habitat specificity of tree species has traditionally been determined by identifying synchronous abiotic characteristics and species presence on the landscape. On a local scale this identifies many species as specialists; however, on a regional scale, most tree species are classified as generalists because individual species are present across a wide-range of edaphic and topographic conditions. To improve our ecological understanding of habitat specificity in trees, we classified white oak (Quercus alba) based on two performance currencies: responsiveness to climate and maximum tree age. We sampled tree rings from both ridge and valley stands in the southern Appalachian Mountains to contrast the dendroclimatic response at these topographic positions. White oak had radial growth responses to Palmer Drought Severity Index, temperature, and precipitation that was not dependent upon topographic position (ridge vs. valley), suggesting that white oak is a generalist species. A dendroclimatic response that is not dependent upon topographic position should allow white oak to adapt readily to climatic shifts that span a range of environmental conditions. Tree age has served as a successful performance currency in relatively undisturbed forests; however, in the southern Appalachian Mountains where there is a long history of human disturbance, maximum tree age revealed more about regional logging history than about white oak habitat specificity. Understanding habitat specificity of plant species improves predictions of species' response to environmental change. Traditionally trees have been classified based on occurrence on the landscape; however, in heavily-impacted forests occurrence is a reflection of land-use history. Dendroclimatology offers a more accurate tool to assess a tree's habitat specificity and was successfully applied in several ridge and valley sites in the Appalachian Mountains to identify white oak as a generalist species.
description: Cores are stored at:
# Virginia Tech, Forest Ecology Laboratory, Blacksburg, VA 24060 NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/km5w-mq96
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Eastern Arabian Sea 4,700 Year Mg/Ca-d18O Data and SST/SSS Reconstructions

description: Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) shows a weak correlation with solar variability in the 20th century. However, such climatological observations on solar activity-monsoon relationship are very short and hence uncertain. A few paleomonsoon records also exhibit prominent correspondence with solar activity during early Holocene and beyond. But despite the strong recent solar minima (e.g. Maunder, Sporer, Oort, Wolf), their correlation with monsoon precipitation is weak and inconclusive. Additionally, many of the earlier studies have been from the western Arabian Sea that provides records of the ISM wind intensity instead of the ISM precipitation. We present here mid-Holocene to recent sea surface temperature (SST) reconstructed from Mg/Ca measurements of planktic foraminifera (Globigerinoides ruber; white, sensu stricto) on a centennial-scale resolution from the southeastern Arabian. These measurements are used to correct the oxygen isotope ratios of G. ruber to reconstruct salinity related to monsoon runoff in this region more precisely than hitherto. The long-term trend indicates that the ISM precipitation has declined since the mid-Holocene similar to the solar activity. On shorter multi-centennial timescale, we show that the ISM precipitation declined concurrently with the recent periods of strong solar minima, but lagged by a couple of hundred years beyond 1300 yr BP toward the mid-Holocene - confirmed statistically using wavelet analysis. This nonstationary phase relationship between the ISM and the solar activity indicates the possible influence of the tropical coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon.
description: High-resolution (centennial to bi-centennial scale) SST and salinity data from the eastern Arabian Sea since mid-Holocene, based on foraminiferal Mg/Ca and d18O data.
DOI: 10.25921/k2s1-0685
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Saladyga - Babcock State Park - PIRI - ITRDB WV009

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description:  NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/kapn-br85
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Large Scale Climate Reconstructions from Tree-Rings

description: Records of past temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables derived from paleoclimate proxies.  Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set.  Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations.
description: This data set contains files of reconstructed temperature and 
precipitation data, derived from tree ring data by Dr. Harold 
Fritts of the University of Arizona.  The reconstructions were 
made for a network of weather observation stations in the 
United States.  For a discussion of the methodology of climate 
reconstructions, and potential limits in their application, 
please consult the original reference.  The data are accompanied 
by DOS display software.  The DIFMAP program opens the data files 
and creates maps of reconstructed temperature or precipitation 
patterns, either on screen or as a printer file. The program 
SERIES displays reconstructed values for a single location, 
as a graph or a numerical table.  Documentation for the programs 
is in the files MANUAL.DOC and SERIES.DOC.  

Original Reference:
H.C. Fritts, 1991, RECONSTRUCTING LARGE-SCALE CLIMATIC PATTERNS 
FROM TREE RING DATA: A DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS, University of Arizona Press,
Tucson, AZ, USA.  ISBN 0-8165-1218-3
DOI: 10.25921/kx18-ag59
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Easter Island Radiocarbon Ages (EIRA) Database

description: The archaeological and anthropological relevance of Easter Island (Rapa Nui) for human history in a regional Pacific context has been highlighted since the early 20th century (Routledge, 1919). At first, the interest was focused on the giant stone statues called moai, which had been carved on the island’s volcanic rocks by an enigmatic ancient civilization. The interest on the island received a boost several decades ago, after the expedition leaded by Thor Heyedahl (Heyerdahl and Ferdon, 1961) and the first palynological studies suggesting a recent ecological catastrophe, led by an abrupt island-wide deforestation likely due to the over-exploitation of natural resources, and an ensuing cultural collapse (Flenley and King, 1984; Flenley et al., 1991). This ‘ecocidal’ theory became paradigmatic and the case of Easter Island was considered a microcosmic model for the whole planet and a warning against the uncontrolled use and of natural resources (Flenley and Bahn, 2003; Diamond, 2005). Further archaeological and palaeoecological studies have challenged this ecocidal theory (Hunt, 2007; Hunt and Lipo, 2006, 2011; Lipo and Hunt, 2016), which has revitalized the debate on the recent cultural history of Easter Island (reviews in Rull et al., 2010, 2013).
description: Easter Island Radiocarbon Ages (EIRA) database containing the radiocarbon dates published to date (2019) from lake sediments and peat bogs of Easter Island (Rapa Nui).  Updated to version 2.6, 26Feb2019
DOI: 10.25921/knv2-5f55
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Arolik Lake, Alaska 15,000 Year Biogenic Silica Data

description: High-resolution analyses of lake sediment from southwestern Alaska reveal cyclic variations in climate and ecosystems during the Holocene. These variations occurred with periodicities similar to those of solar activity and appear to be coherent with time series of the cosmogenic nuclides 14C and 10Be as well as North Atlantic drift ice. Our results imply that small variations in solar irradiance induced pronounced cyclic changes in northern high-latitude environments. They also provide evidence that centennial-scale shifts in the Holocene climate were similar between the subpolar regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific, possibly because of Sun-ocean-climate linkages.
description: Biogenic silica (BSi) data from Arolik Lake, southwestern Alaska.  Presented are raw biogenic silica values plus detrended and smoothed BSi.  Ages reported as calibrated thousand years before present (BP). Core depth (Depth) is reported in cm after tephras were removed from the depth scale. Arolik Lake (59°28'N, 161°07'W, 145 m above sea level)