DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gmsbcc30t
title: Adaptation to host's chemical defenses as a driver of wing morphological evolution and developmental instability in cactophilic Drosophila

description: We used wing morphometric data from two Drosophila species. Wing shape,
 size, and developmental instability were obtained using landmark-based
 geometric morphometrics. We assessed whether specialization on a novel
 host plant leads to correlated evolution of morphology in phytophagous
 insects. Therefore, here we share the raw data required for the analysis
 of wing size, shape, and fluctuating asymmetry.
description: # Adaptation to host ́s chemical defenses as a driver of wing
 morphological evolution and developmental instability in cactophilic
 *Drosophila* Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.gmsbcc30t](10.5061/dryad.gmsbcc30t) ## Description of the
 data and file structure Data wing size: This file contains the value of
 wing size of both *Drosophila* species reared in four cactus of the
 *Trichocereus* genus for each selection strain. Data wing shape: This file
 contains the value of each realtive warp for each *Drosophila* species
 raised in four cactus of the *Trichocereus* species for each selection
 strain. The name of the photo taken of the wing is also incorporated. Data
 of flutuating asymmetry: This file contains the wing size value for right
 and left wing of both *Drosophila* species raised in four cactus of the
 *Trichocereus* genus for each selection strain.  ### Files and variables
 #### File: Data\_Fluctuating\_asymmetry.xlsx
 **Description:** Developmental instability was estimated through the
 Fluctuating Asymmetry (FA) of centroid size, using data of both wings of
 seven randomly chosen males per treatment (i.e., each combination of
 strain and cactus). Landmark positioning was done twice for each wing
 to estimate measurement error. This dataset includes the centroid size of
 each Drosophila species (both, the left and right wings) reared in each
 cactus hosts for each artificial selection strain. This dataset was used
 to perform the Palmer ANOVA to calculate FA. **Variables**: The
 explanatory variables are cactus, strain and species and the response
 variable is the centroid and the units are pixels. #### File:
 Data\_Wing\_Shape.xlsx **Description:**  We photographed between 7 and 15
 pairs of wings of males per combination of strain and cactus for each
 Drosophila species (276 pairs in total). Then, we placed 10 landmarks at
 the junctions of the most representative veins or the junction of the
 veins and wing margin in each image using tpsDig. The Procrustes technique
 was utilized to quantify wing morphology, employing the
 Morpho package. All wings were superimposed to minimize differences
 relative to size, position and orientation. This procedure generated 20
 new Procrustes coordinates and eliminated four degrees of freedom,
 resulting in 16 shape-space dimensions. Shape variables generated
 afterwards, known as partial warps, indicate the partial contributions of
 hierarchically scaled vectors spanning a linear shape-space. Subsequently,
 principal components analysis of the partial warps scores matrix was
 conducted to obtain 16 new shape variables called relative warps (RWs).
 Hence, the dataset includes 16 relative warps for both Drosophila species
 reared in each cactus host for each artificial selection strain.
 **Variables**: The explanatory factors are cactus, strain, and species and
 the response variables are the relative warps. It does not have unities.
 #### File: Data\_Wing\_size.xlsx **Description:** We photographed between
 7 and 15 pairs of wings of males per combination of strain and cactus for
 each Drosophila species (276 pairs in total). Then, we placed 10 landmarks
 at the junctions of the most representative veins or the junction of the
 veins and wing margin in each image using tpsDig. Centroid size was
 calculated as the square root of the sum of the squared distances from
 each landmark to the centroid (geometric center) of the configuration of
 landmarks. The dataset includes the centroid size of the wing for both
 Drosophila species reared in different cactus hosts for each ariticial
 selection strain. **Variables:** The explanatory factors are wing,cactus,
 strain, and species; the response variable is the centroid and the units
 are pixels. Variables: * Cactus (host cactus studied): *T. terscheckii, T.
 schickendantzii,T. atacamensis, and T. tarijensis* * Strain (Strains of
 experimental flies): Control, S1 (: Selection regimen 1 (S1), corresponded
 to a balanced mix of 50/50% standard and chlorenchyma medium), S2
 (Selection regimen 2 (S2), a more challenging rearing media, was composed
 of 25% standard medium and 75% chlorenchyma powder) * Species: *D.
 koepferae* and *D. buzzatii* * Wing: Left or Right Datasets do not
 include missing values.