cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201034.v1
title: Breaking bad news in ophthalmology: a literature review

description: ABSTRACT Medical specialties have recognized that breaking bad news assists clinical practice by mitigating the impact of difficult conversations. This scenario also encourages various studies on breaking bad news in ophthalmology since certain ocular diagnoses can be considered bad news. Thus, the objective is to review the scientific literature on breaking bad news in ophthalmology. The literature databases like MEDLINE/PUBMED, EMBASE, LILACS, SCOPUS, COCHRANE, and SCIELO, were screened for related research publications. Two independent reviewers read all the articles and short-listed the most relevant ones. Seven articles, in the formats of original article, review, editorial, oral communication, and correspondence, were reviewed. Conclusively it reveals that ophthalmologists are concerned with communicating bad news effectively but lack related studies. Nevertheless, there is a growing realization that training in breaking bad news can increase physicians’ confidence during communication, thus, benefiting the therapeutic relationship with the patient and his family. Therefore, it would be valuable to include breaking bad news training in the curriculum of residencies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201037
title: An invisible villain: high perceived stress, its associated factors, and possible consequences in a population-based survey in southern Brazil

description: Abstract Introduction Much of the evidence on the relationship between stress, lifestyle, and other physical and mental health outcomes comes from studies conducted in high-income countries. There is therefore a need for research among populations in low and middle-income settings. Objectives To measure stress levels and identify factors associated with a high stress level and its consequences for health. Methods This was a population-based cross-sectional study carried out in 2016 with adults aged 18 years or older in a municipality in southern Brazil. A two-stage sampling strategy based on census tracts was used. Stress levels were measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and classified into quartiles. The impact of the highest stress levelon each outcome was assessed with etiologic fractions (EF). Results The most stressed groups were: females (PR = 1.51, 95%CI 1.25-1.81), younger people (PR = 1.76, 95%CI 1.26-2.46), middle-aged individuals (PR = 1.60, 95%CI 1.17-2.19), those with lower schooling (PR = 1.56, 95%CI 1.20-2.02), the physically inactive (PR = 1.51, 95%CI 1.20-1.91), people who spent three or more hours watching television per day (PR = 1.29, 95%CI 1.12-1.50), and those with food insecurity (PR = 1.44, 95%CI 1.19-175). Possible consequences of high stress level were regular or poor self-perception of health (EF = 29.6%), poor or very poor sleep quality (EF = 17.3%), lower quality of life (EF = 45.6%), sadness (EF = 24.2%), and depressive symptoms (EF = 35.8%). Conclusions Stress plays an important role in several domains of health. Both public policies that target reduction of inequalities and specific stress-management interventions can reduce stress levels in populations, thereby decreasing the burden of other negative physical and mental health outcomes related to stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201037.v1
title: An invisible villain: high perceived stress, its associated factors, and possible consequences in a population-based survey in southern Brazil

description: Abstract Introduction Much of the evidence on the relationship between stress, lifestyle, and other physical and mental health outcomes comes from studies conducted in high-income countries. There is therefore a need for research among populations in low and middle-income settings. Objectives To measure stress levels and identify factors associated with a high stress level and its consequences for health. Methods This was a population-based cross-sectional study carried out in 2016 with adults aged 18 years or older in a municipality in southern Brazil. A two-stage sampling strategy based on census tracts was used. Stress levels were measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and classified into quartiles. The impact of the highest stress levelon each outcome was assessed with etiologic fractions (EF). Results The most stressed groups were: females (PR = 1.51, 95%CI 1.25-1.81), younger people (PR = 1.76, 95%CI 1.26-2.46), middle-aged individuals (PR = 1.60, 95%CI 1.17-2.19), those with lower schooling (PR = 1.56, 95%CI 1.20-2.02), the physically inactive (PR = 1.51, 95%CI 1.20-1.91), people who spent three or more hours watching television per day (PR = 1.29, 95%CI 1.12-1.50), and those with food insecurity (PR = 1.44, 95%CI 1.19-175). Possible consequences of high stress level were regular or poor self-perception of health (EF = 29.6%), poor or very poor sleep quality (EF = 17.3%), lower quality of life (EF = 45.6%), sadness (EF = 24.2%), and depressive symptoms (EF = 35.8%). Conclusions Stress plays an important role in several domains of health. Both public policies that target reduction of inequalities and specific stress-management interventions can reduce stress levels in populations, thereby decreasing the burden of other negative physical and mental health outcomes related to stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201039.v1
title: The story of memory and executive functions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case-control study

description: Abstract Objective Neuropsychological findings in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are mainly clustered around the role of memory and executive functions. However, outcomes vary across different OCD populations. In addition, the extent to which each of these factors can distinguish patients with OCD (PwOCD) from healthy individuals remains uncertain and attracts great attention. The present study aims to investigate the above issues. Method This was a cross-sectional study of 182 individuals (90 PwOCD and 92 matched healthy controls). After screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were administered neuropsychological tests including, the Wechsler Memory Scale-III (WMS-III), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT). Data were analyzed to test the study hypotheses using comparison of means and regression analysis methods. Results The results showed that PwOCD had poorer performance than the control group in Immediate Memory, General Memory, and Working Memory and also according to response inhibition indexes. The results also showed that General Memory and Reaction Time2 from the SCWT index could be predictive variables for discriminating between PwOCD and controls. Conclusion The findings of this study support the prior assumptions that PwOCD would have impaired memory dimensions and response inhibition, but did not support worse set-shifting performance. We also present an initial model for the predictive role of these neuropsychological variables in discriminating OCD from healthy individuals and increasing diagnostic accuracy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201039
title: The story of memory and executive functions in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a case-control study

description: Abstract Objective Neuropsychological findings in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are mainly clustered around the role of memory and executive functions. However, outcomes vary across different OCD populations. In addition, the extent to which each of these factors can distinguish patients with OCD (PwOCD) from healthy individuals remains uncertain and attracts great attention. The present study aims to investigate the above issues. Method This was a cross-sectional study of 182 individuals (90 PwOCD and 92 matched healthy controls). After screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria, the participants were administered neuropsychological tests including, the Wechsler Memory Scale-III (WMS-III), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and the Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT). Data were analyzed to test the study hypotheses using comparison of means and regression analysis methods. Results The results showed that PwOCD had poorer performance than the control group in Immediate Memory, General Memory, and Working Memory and also according to response inhibition indexes. The results also showed that General Memory and Reaction Time2 from the SCWT index could be predictive variables for discriminating between PwOCD and controls. Conclusion The findings of this study support the prior assumptions that PwOCD would have impaired memory dimensions and response inhibition, but did not support worse set-shifting performance. We also present an initial model for the predictive role of these neuropsychological variables in discriminating OCD from healthy individuals and increasing diagnostic accuracy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201040
title: Morphofunctional evaluation of peripapillary retinoschisis associated with myopic posterior staphyloma and hyaloid traction: does it cause peripapillary vitreoretinal traction?

description: ABSTRACT This case report presents the details of a 33-year-old female patient who was referred to a specialized retina service because of mild vision loss in her right eye). The patient’s visual acuity was 20/25 in right eye and 20/50 in the left eye (; amblyopic); the spherical equivalent was -12.75 diopters (right eye) and -14.75 diopters (left eye). Multimodal retinal imaging showed peripapillary schisis in both the inner and outer retinal layers, grade II posterior vitreous detachment, and a tessellated fundus. Using Humphrey perimetry and MP-3 microperimetry, the functional evaluation indicated macular sensitivity within normal limits and decreased sensitivity in the peripapillary region, especially in right eye. The pattern-re versal visual evoked potential was measured. The N75 and P100 latency and amplitude in right eye were within normal values for checks of 1º. However, the amplitude was low for checks of 15′. Highly myopic patients who have posterior staphyloma that involves the optic nerve are susceptible to posterior hyaloid traction, and the resulting peripapillary vitreous traction may compromise vision.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201040.v1
title: Morphofunctional evaluation of peripapillary retinoschisis associated with myopic posterior staphyloma and hyaloid traction: does it cause peripapillary vitreoretinal traction?

description: ABSTRACT This case report presents the details of a 33-year-old female patient who was referred to a specialized retina service because of mild vision loss in her right eye). The patient’s visual acuity was 20/25 in right eye and 20/50 in the left eye (; amblyopic); the spherical equivalent was -12.75 diopters (right eye) and -14.75 diopters (left eye). Multimodal retinal imaging showed peripapillary schisis in both the inner and outer retinal layers, grade II posterior vitreous detachment, and a tessellated fundus. Using Humphrey perimetry and MP-3 microperimetry, the functional evaluation indicated macular sensitivity within normal limits and decreased sensitivity in the peripapillary region, especially in right eye. The pattern-re versal visual evoked potential was measured. The N75 and P100 latency and amplitude in right eye were within normal values for checks of 1º. However, the amplitude was low for checks of 15′. Highly myopic patients who have posterior staphyloma that involves the optic nerve are susceptible to posterior hyaloid traction, and the resulting peripapillary vitreous traction may compromise vision.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201043
title: Analysis of a novel class A β-lactamase OKP-B-6 of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae: structural characterisation and interaction with commercially available drugs

description: BACKGROUND Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria produce beta-lactamase as factors to overcome beta-lactam antibiotics, causing their hydrolysis and impaired antimicrobial action. Class A beta-lactamase contains the chromosomal sulfhydryl reagent variable (SHV, point mutation variants of SHV-1), LEN (Klebsiella pneumoniae strain LEN-1), and other K. pneumoniae beta-lactamase (OKP) found mostly in Klebsiella’s phylogroups. The SHV known as extended-spectrum β-lactamase can inactivate most beta-lactam antibiotics. Class A also includes the worrisome plasmid-encoded Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC-2), a carbapenemase that can inactivate most beta-lactam antibiotics, carbapenems, and some beta-lactamase inhibitors. OBJECTIVES So far, there is no 3D crystal structure for OKP-B, so our goal was to perform structural characterisation and molecular docking studies of this new enzyme. METHODS We applied a homology modelling method to build the OKP-B-6 structure, which was compared with SHV-1 and KPC-2 according to their electrostatic potentials at the active site. Using the DockThor-VS, we performed molecular docking of the SHV-1 inhibitors commercially available as sulbactam, tazobactam, and avibactam against the constructed model of OKP-B-6. FINDINGS From the point of view of enzyme inhibition, our results indicate that OKP-B-6 should be an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) susceptible to the same drugs as SHV-1. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This conclusion advantageously impacts the clinical control of the bacterial pathogens encoding OKP-B in their genome by using any effective, broad-spectrum, and multitarget inhibitor against SHV-containing bacteria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201043.v1
title: Analysis of a novel class A β-lactamase OKP-B-6 of Klebsiella quasipneumoniae: structural characterisation and interaction with commercially available drugs

description: BACKGROUND Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria produce beta-lactamase as factors to overcome beta-lactam antibiotics, causing their hydrolysis and impaired antimicrobial action. Class A beta-lactamase contains the chromosomal sulfhydryl reagent variable (SHV, point mutation variants of SHV-1), LEN (Klebsiella pneumoniae strain LEN-1), and other K. pneumoniae beta-lactamase (OKP) found mostly in Klebsiella’s phylogroups. The SHV known as extended-spectrum β-lactamase can inactivate most beta-lactam antibiotics. Class A also includes the worrisome plasmid-encoded Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC-2), a carbapenemase that can inactivate most beta-lactam antibiotics, carbapenems, and some beta-lactamase inhibitors. OBJECTIVES So far, there is no 3D crystal structure for OKP-B, so our goal was to perform structural characterisation and molecular docking studies of this new enzyme. METHODS We applied a homology modelling method to build the OKP-B-6 structure, which was compared with SHV-1 and KPC-2 according to their electrostatic potentials at the active site. Using the DockThor-VS, we performed molecular docking of the SHV-1 inhibitors commercially available as sulbactam, tazobactam, and avibactam against the constructed model of OKP-B-6. FINDINGS From the point of view of enzyme inhibition, our results indicate that OKP-B-6 should be an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) susceptible to the same drugs as SHV-1. MAIN CONCLUSIONS This conclusion advantageously impacts the clinical control of the bacterial pathogens encoding OKP-B in their genome by using any effective, broad-spectrum, and multitarget inhibitor against SHV-containing bacteria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201042.v1
title: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF KEY PARAMETERS OF A FERTILISATION DEVICE ON FERTILISATION DEPTH

description: ABSTRACT In view of the problems of the uneven spatial distribution of particle fertiliser and unstable depths of side-deep fertilisation, caused by existing fertiliser application devices in fertile ditches, the influence of key factors of fertiliser application devices on the depth of fertilisation was studied, in combination with the agronomic characteristics of side-deep fertilisation for the direct seeding of rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. By analysing the incident mud process of fertiliser particles, the factors influencing the impact of mud resistance were determined. Through the theoretical and simulation analysis of the fertilisation device, it was determined that the impact distance, the impact surface radian and the fertiliser particle diameter have the greatest impact on the fertilisation depth of the device. Single factor and orthogonal tests were carried out, with three key factors as test factors and fertilisation depth as the test index. The test results revealed that the influence of the three factors on fertilisation depth follows the order of fertiliser particle diameter &gt; impact distance &gt; impact surface radian. With the maximum fertilisation depth as the objective, the optimal combination of the working parameters was identified as fertiliser particle diameter = 16.0 mm, impact distance = 56.5 mm, and impact surface radian = 29.6°. Furthermore, field tests were carried out in paddy fields with a water content of 37.00 ± 2.60%. When the fertilisation depth was pre-set as 50 mm, the relative error between the pre-set value and actual fertilisation depth was lower than 8.8%. The fertilisation depth can meet the agronomic requirements of side deep fertilisation and the results provide an important reference for the design of a non-contact fertilisation device for direct rice seeding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201042
title: STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF KEY PARAMETERS OF A FERTILISATION DEVICE ON FERTILISATION DEPTH

description: ABSTRACT In view of the problems of the uneven spatial distribution of particle fertiliser and unstable depths of side-deep fertilisation, caused by existing fertiliser application devices in fertile ditches, the influence of key factors of fertiliser application devices on the depth of fertilisation was studied, in combination with the agronomic characteristics of side-deep fertilisation for the direct seeding of rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. By analysing the incident mud process of fertiliser particles, the factors influencing the impact of mud resistance were determined. Through the theoretical and simulation analysis of the fertilisation device, it was determined that the impact distance, the impact surface radian and the fertiliser particle diameter have the greatest impact on the fertilisation depth of the device. Single factor and orthogonal tests were carried out, with three key factors as test factors and fertilisation depth as the test index. The test results revealed that the influence of the three factors on fertilisation depth follows the order of fertiliser particle diameter &gt; impact distance &gt; impact surface radian. With the maximum fertilisation depth as the objective, the optimal combination of the working parameters was identified as fertiliser particle diameter = 16.0 mm, impact distance = 56.5 mm, and impact surface radian = 29.6°. Furthermore, field tests were carried out in paddy fields with a water content of 37.00 ± 2.60%. When the fertilisation depth was pre-set as 50 mm, the relative error between the pre-set value and actual fertilisation depth was lower than 8.8%. The fertilisation depth can meet the agronomic requirements of side deep fertilisation and the results provide an important reference for the design of a non-contact fertilisation device for direct rice seeding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201046
title: Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on performance and carcass yield of broilers

description: ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of including Moringa oleifera (moringa) leaf meal on performance, carcass yield and characteristics, and relative organ weights of broilers from 10 to 42 days of age. We distributed 420 male Cobb 500 chicks in a completely randomized design with five treatments and six replicates with 14 birds each. Treatments consisted of five experimental diets in which the moringa leaf meal was included at 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0% in the diets. The following performance variables were evaluated: weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion; weights and yields of carcass, carcass traits, organs, and abdominal fat; and feet color. Significant differences between the treatment means were analyzed by Dunnett’s test. The meal inclusion levels did not affect performance, carcass characteristics and yield, or organs weight. However, feet pigmentation increased linearly, and abdominal fat was greater only at the 1.5% level when compared with the control group. Moringa leaf meal can be included in the diet of broilers from 10 to 42 days of age, up to the level of 6%, without compromising performance or carcass yield of these birds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201046.v1
title: Effects of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on performance and carcass yield of broilers

description: ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of including Moringa oleifera (moringa) leaf meal on performance, carcass yield and characteristics, and relative organ weights of broilers from 10 to 42 days of age. We distributed 420 male Cobb 500 chicks in a completely randomized design with five treatments and six replicates with 14 birds each. Treatments consisted of five experimental diets in which the moringa leaf meal was included at 0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0% in the diets. The following performance variables were evaluated: weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion; weights and yields of carcass, carcass traits, organs, and abdominal fat; and feet color. Significant differences between the treatment means were analyzed by Dunnett’s test. The meal inclusion levels did not affect performance, carcass characteristics and yield, or organs weight. However, feet pigmentation increased linearly, and abdominal fat was greater only at the 1.5% level when compared with the control group. Moringa leaf meal can be included in the diet of broilers from 10 to 42 days of age, up to the level of 6%, without compromising performance or carcass yield of these birds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21201048
title: Perception of women about telehealth during the coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-2)

description: Abstract Introduction Since the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) was declared a pandemic, health care was one of the fields that underwent significant changes. Telemedicine, that uses technological and communication resources to provide health care, was deemed a safe alternative to continue patient care while quarantine and social isolation measures were in place. Objective To analyze the perception of women treated at an outpatient clinic in relation to remote health care implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Descriptive research conducted at the Women’s Physiotherapy Outpatient Clinic of the Prof. Fernando Figueira Comprehensive Medicine Institute (IMIP) in Recife, Pernambuco state, Brazil. The study included women above the age of 18 years who were being remotely treated and excluded those who discontinued treatment. Data were collected from November 2020 to July 2021, using a questionnaire which was sent to the participants via WhatsApp. Results Twenty-six women with an average age of 52 ± 10.1 years were interviewed. Most (61.54%) were being treated for urinary incontinence at the outpatient clinic and 38.5% had been undergoing physiotherapy for at least six months. A total of 92.3% of the participants reported feeling safe with remote health care and 70.4% noticed an improvement in their symptoms. Conclusion Most patients noticed an improvement in their symptoms, felt comfortable and safe with teleservices and would agree to continue even after returning to in-person care. However, to ensure more effective results, patients need to be well informed and have some prior knowledge about the proposed treatment.