cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-ptc4-nx84
title: JVH01: Centrifuge Test of Buried Water Reservoir - Unrotated Reservoir Orientation
title: in Centrifuge Modeling of Buried Water Reservoirs

description: The JVH01 centrifuge model test examined the dynamic response of a buried water reservoir in an unrotated configuration. The soil profile consisted of one layer of uniform medium-dense dry sand. The model was shaken using a suite of 6 broadband earthquake motions at three different reservoir water levels. The model and model structure were heavily instrumented to track the response of the soil-water-structure system. The model reservoir was placed at a shallow embedment depth with no relative rotation to the model container (i.e. the model was subject to one-dimensional shaking).
description: Buried water reservoirs have become a competitive option for water storage and conveyance in U.S. cities along the Pacific coast. Local municipalities rely on buried water reservoirs to deliver water int eh event of an emergency (e.g. fire fighting and continuous supply when other infrastructure systems fail). As such, the earthquake resilience of these structures is of paramount importance. Buried water reservoirs are a relatively new class of structure and have not been subjected to extreme events, such that their design procedures only rely on simplified analytical derivations while advanced numerical simulations do not have a benchmarking and validation basis. Morales et al. (2020 - PRJ 3192) investigated the hydrodynamic forces acting on the interior of a rigid tank structure through a series of centrifuge tests. To expand our current understanding of system level performance, a series of centrifuge model tests were performed to investigate the full soil-structure-water-interaction system. 

Both tests, JVH01 and JVH02, consisted of a model reservoir structure buried in a uniform medium-dense sand. The model reservoir was designed to replicate the structural response of buried reservoir structures built in cities along the Pacific coast. JVH01 saw the reservoir structure buried at a shallow depth and subject to a series of one directional broadband earthquake motions. The first sequence of shaking was performed on an empty reservoir structure, and subsequent shaking sequences were performed on the same structure with increasing water depth inside of the reservoir. JVH02 used the same reservoir structure and scaled shaking sequences, but with the model reservoir rotated to simulate the effects of a bidimensional earthquake motion. This report and data describes both large centrifuge tests, JVH01 and JVH02, performed on the 22-23rd April 2021 and 4th May 2021 as an effort to understand the system-level response buried water reservoirs subjected to earthquake loading.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-pwtv-p173
title: Database for the Development of Capacity Relationships for Earth Dam

description: This project provides a dataset that contains 94 case histories of earth dam performance during earthquakes since the 1906 San Francisco earthquake to the 2011 Tohoku, Japan earthquake. These case histories were used to develop seismic capacity relationships for earth dams in He and Rathje (2023). Information such as dam name, location of the dam, relative settlement, earthquake name, dam height, dam type, damage description source (if available), and damage description (if available) are provided for each case history. Damage assessments in this project are based on the original authors’ damage descriptions. The database is provided in both .pdf and .xlsx formats.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-w4r4-zt19
title: Low tide UAS lidar survey of the shoreline of the Elwha River Delta
title: in Elwha River Delta Shoreline Morphology Surveys

description: UAS LiDAR surveys in this project complement existing morphology data collected on the Elwha River delta since 2011, found at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5a01f6d0e4b0531197b72cfe. These data are collected in association with a long-term effort to map, at high resolution, the coastal morphology of the Elwha River delta at least annually, before, during and after dam removal on the Elwha River. Dam removal occurred between 2011 and 2014. The 3D point cloud model can be viewed in the Hazmapper link above or at: https://hazmapper.tacc.utexas.edu/geoapi/assets/1324/bb8b8a80-8b52-40d9-9e26-d413fefc10e5/index.html
description: This UAS LiDAR survey complements existing delta morphology data, found at https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/5a01f6d0e4b0531197b72cfe, collected in association with a long-term effort to map, at high resolution, the coastal morphology of the Elwha River delta at least annually, before, during and after dam removal on the Elwha River.  Dam removal occurred between 2011 and 2014.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2cp4w
title: RAPID/Collaborative Research: Investigation of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Damaged in the Magnitude 6.4 Southern Taiwan Earthquake of February 2016

description: The Magnitude- 6.4 Meinong Earthquake struck the Southern region of Taiwan in February 2016. The earthquake primarily resulted in building damage. The majority of these buildings had reinforced concrete frames as the primary lateral-load resisting system. The most common damage mechanism was a soft story resulting from shear and/or flexural-shear damage to the first-story columns. A study was undertaken to use these buildings to investigate the accuracy of the ASCE 41 Tier 1 evaluation procedure in determining the buildings as vulnerable to earthquake damage. The results were mixed with the primary shortcomings of the procedure being that (1) the shear strength of the columns is overestimated using the Tier 1, ASCE 41 and full ACI 318 shear expressions and (2) the minimum beam-to-column strength ratio of 1.2, which is used to indicate the likelihood of a soft-story mechanism, is too low.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2dd46
title: ABP03s - Centrifuge Modelling of Variable Rate Cone Penetration in 80S20K Silt-Clay Mixture (80g)
title: in Centrifuge modelling of variable rate cone penetration in low-plasticity silts

description: This experimental program supports a broader project toward validating methods for the mechanics-based development of relationships between cone penetration test measurements and the engineering properties of intermediate soils.
description: Centrifuge test with in-flight variable rate cone penetration soundings in a slurry deposited silt-clay mixture of 80% silica silt and 20% kaolin clay by dry mass (80S20K) with a plasticity index of 6. The test was performed at a centrifugal acceleration of 80g. Cone soundings were performed using a 6-mm diameter cone penetrometer.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-4132-bn84
title: Recon teams collected data from buildings after 2017 Mexico City Earthquake
title: in Buildings Surveyed after 2017 Mexico City Earthquakes

description: This project consists of building data collected in Mexico City after the 19 September 2017 Puebla-Morelos Earthquake.
Over 120 reinforced concrete structures were surveyed by engineers from USA, Mexico, and New Zealand with support from The Colegio of Ingenieros of Mexico City (CICM), National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), The National Science Foundation (NSF), and American Concrete Institute (ACI) Subcommittee 133. This effort involved researchers from Cal Poly-SLO, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, University of Nebraska, University of California-San Diego, University of Kansas, The University at Buffalo , Stanford, University of Alabama, University of Auckland, and Purdue University.
description: Recon teams obtained/created drawings of building plans, took photos and measured column/wall dimensions of over 120 reinforced concrete buildings in Mexico City
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-c5z3-wy42
title: SCEC Field Reconnaissance
title: in Ridgecrest, CA earthquake sequence, July 4 and 5, 2019

description: The second field reconnaissance mission focused on ground-based measurements of surface fault rupture and precariously balanced rocks.
description: The Ridgecrest Earthquake sequence included a M6.4 event on July 4 2019 followed by a M7.1 July 5 2019. These events occurred in the Eastern California Shear Zone, near Indian Wells Valley, south of China Lake and west of Searles Valley. The Geotechnical Extreme Events Reconnaissance (GEER) Association has partnered with several organizations to collect perishable data and document the important impacts of these events, including the United States Geological Survey, the California Geological Survey, the US Navy, the Southern California Earthquake Center, the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA) Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and local utilities. Critical geotechnical features of this event are extensive surface ruptures, roads, water pipes, and gas pipes crossing the faults, liquefaction and lateral spreading, and liquefaction effects on structures. These effects are documented using field (ground) mapping, and Structure from Motion (SfM) using images collected by UAV's to develop high-resolution digital elevation models.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-wckk-2425
title: Ehime-1 - Ehime University Experiment
title: in LEAP-ASIA-2019 Experiments (Liquefaction Experiments and Analysis Projects)

description: Building upon the database of LEAP-UCD-2017, twenty centrifuge model tests of liquefaction and lateral spreading are shared and compared in this archive. Some of the experiments were conducted according to the conventional centrifuge scaling laws; others were conducted according to a generalized scaling law. Please see the general report section of the published project for an overview comparison and background of all of the experiments. The comparisons presented in the general report section will serve as an index to help the users find individual experiments of interest.  This data from the model tests is published as ten separate experiments in this archive (one experiment per centrifuge facility). Each "experiment" includes one or more model tests and each model test includes between one and three destructive shaking events.
All of the tests modeled a 4 m thick deposit of Ottawa F-65 sand with a 5-degree surface slope in a rigid box. The tests covered a range of ground motion intensities and a range of relative densities to define the median response and the sensitivity of the response to relative density and shaking intensity. The ten centrifuge facilities involved in this test program included Cambridge University (UK), Ehime University (Japan), IFSTTAR (France), NCU (Taiwan), KAIST (Korea), Kyoto University (Japan), RPI (USA), UC Davis (USA), Tokyo Institute of Technology (Japan) and Zhejiang University (China).
description: Lateral spreading of a submerged slope and validation of generalized scaling laws for LEAP-ASIA-2019
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-z4hp-nv28
title: SHORT COLUMN AND SOFT STOREY BEHAVIOR AT 3D RC FRAMES ON THE SHAKING TABLE
title: in SHORT COLUMN AND SOFT STOREY BEHAVIOR AT 3D RC FRAMES ON THE SHAKING TABLE

description: The working principle of the shaking table used in experiments is converted from rotary motion to linear motion. The specimens were tested under constant axial load and sinusoidal cyclic were imposed to simulate the seismic action. The sinusoidal cyclic were processed by the DAQ-Card (Labjack-U3, 2015).
description: . The maximum positive and negative accelerations, duration, the failure mode of specimens
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-67r3-2y51
title: Event Briefing
title: in StEER - Hurricane Zeta

description: This Event Briefing is intended to: (1) to provide details of the hazards associated with Hurricane Zeta, (2) to describe damage to buildings and other infrastructure, as well as disruption to the community, and (3) to list key lessons learned.  Information provided herein was gathered from various websites, news channels, and agencies. As the product of entirely virtual reconnaissance, the Event Briefing is not based upon detailed field investigations by StEER.
description: This project encompasses only an Event Briefing, an abbreviated StEER response mechanism that briefly summarizes the event and any key lessons that can be learned or reemphasized from Hurricane Zeta.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-bpav-8w29
title: Acoustic propagation experiments in a turbulent atmosphere
title: in Prediction of Long-Range Infrasound Propagation from Tornadoes Based on New Atmospheric Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel Experiments

description: The University of Florida (UF) is developing a fast prediction model for infrasound propagation through turbulence for the purposes of predicting tornado formation, tracking tornadoes, and increasing safety via  improved early warning. Tornadoes create low frequency acoustic waves below the threshold of human hearing called infrasound. Triangulation of the information position via infrasound measurements will allow the development of early warning systems. Propagation of the infrasound through the atmosphere is altered due to the turbulence within the atmosphere. This atmospheric turbulence must be accounted for within the measurements used to identify tornadic infrasound signatures. The goal of this research is to quantify the alteration of the propagation of infrasound due to the atmospheric turbulence via wind tunnel experiments.
description: A series of acoustic propagation experiments are conducted in the University of Florida Boundary Layer Wind Tunnel (UFBLWT) to investigate tornadic infrasound propagation in the turbulent atmosphere. A synthetic acoustic wave is generated within a boundary layer wind field using a speaker, and is distorted by the surrounding turbulent atmosphere as it propagates along the UFBLWT fetch where it is measured by an acoustic microphone 22 meters downwind of the speaker. The wind tunnel operating speed and the configuration of the mechanical turbulence generating roughness elements are varied between experiments to alter the turbulence characteristics and thus the distortion in the acoustic wave. The wind field turbulence data is obtained by three Cobra probes mounted on an actuated and automated gantry. The turbulent induced distortion of the acoustic wave is captured by analyzing the signal at its source and as-measured downwind. The resultant dataset is presented in four stages: 1)The design of the synthetic acoustic wave at its source; 2) the characterization of the background turbulent noise in the UFBLWT at the same location as the acoustic wave measurement; 3) the acoustic wave propagation measurement within turbulence; and 4) turbulence profiles through the depth of the UFBLWT to capture the longitudinal evolution of the boundary layer. 
The major purpose of this study is to offer a publicly accessible dataset of acoustic wave propagation in a turbulent medium. The dataset comprises acoustic propagation through a wide range of turbulence to investigate turbulent effect.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-h74x-fw82
title: StEER - 21 Sept., 2019 Albania, Mw 5.6; 24 Sept., 2019 Kashmir, Mw 5.6 and 26 Sept., 2019 Turkey, Mw 5.7 Earthquakes: Event Briefing

description: Objectives of this event briefing were (1) to provide details of the three moderate intensity earthquakes, namely 21 September 2019 Mw 5.6 Albania, 24 September 2019 Mw 5.6 Kashmir, and 26 September 2019 Mw 5.7 Turkey earthquakes, (2) to describe damage to buildings and other infrastructure as well as the disruption to the community in terms of downtime and economic losses, and (3) list key lessons learned. Information provided here is based on various websites, news channels and USGS, therefore does not include detailed field investigations.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-kyvb-jn79
title: Influence of Stratigraphic Variability and Ground Motion Properties on the Effectiveness of Dense Granular Columns as Liquefaction Mitigation for Structures

description: This research aims to investigate the seismic performance of Dense Granular Columns (DGCs) used to mitigate liquefaction in sites with complex, stratigraphically variable soil conditions. Using fully-coupled, 3D, effective stress, nonlinear dynamic finite-element analyses, validated with centrifuge experimental data, this study evaluates how varying soil stratigraphy and mitigation properties affect the performance of DGCs and their impact on foundation and structural behavior. The dataset includes detailed numerical simulations that capture a range of critical parameters such as soil properties, foundation characteristics, DGC configurations, and ground motion characteristics. This comprehensive dataset is designed to aid in understanding the interactions between mitigation strategies, soil-structure systems, and ground motion characteristics, providing valuable insights for improving liquefaction mitigation practices.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-rzp6-ks38
title: Understanding Household Power Outage Experiences: A Case Study Comparison across U.S. Cities

description: Household power outage experiences vary based on outage characteristics and the household’s ability to cope with a disruption. While disaster management scholarship has produced methods to anticipate where the most significant impacts of a hazard may occur, these methods do not anticipate secondary impacts, such as power outages. This research is necessary as the expected risks associated with power outages will increase in the United States caused by climate change, increasing electricity demand, and poorly maintained infrastructure. To understand households power outage experiences, a survey collected 896 responses from three cities in the United States: Detroit, MI; Miami, FL; and Phoenix, AZ. Participants were recruited through Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) service to complete a Qualtrics survey. We hypothesized that those racial/ethnic minority groups, specifically non-whites, and lower income experienced more frequent and prolonged power outages. We also hypothesized the same groups were more likely to have experienced greater economic impacts, such as throwing away perishable food and not receiving assistance. We found that non-whites in Phoenix and Detroit were more likely to experience longer outages than whites; however, this association was not present in Miami and not statistically significant in any city. Income was not a substantial factor in predicting food waste or assistance received during the longest self-reported outage. Through this research, we demonstrated that two social vulnerability indicators – race and income – are possible factors for predicting adverse power outage effects. Further assessments in varying geographical and political contexts are necessary to increase understanding of how households experience power outages.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-xk37-h624
title: RAPID Hurricane Florence Social Media Data Analysis

description: --Provides Twitter data from Hurricane Florence and Jupyter Notebook scripts to process data, extract images, and classify images using GoogleML.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-be10-q668
title: Development of Deep Shear Wave Velocity Profiles at Seismic Stations in the Mississippi Embayment

description: This project contains the raw unprocessed active and passive surface wave data collected near nine seismic stations situated in the Mississippi Embayment. Surface wave data were recorded at the following seismic station sites: Central United States Seismic Observatory (CUSSO), HBAR, HENM, LNXT, LPAR, PARM, PEBM, PVMO, and TUMT. In addition, downhole seismic testing was conducted at the CUSSO site in two stages: preliminary shallow testing to 115 m and deep testing to 425 m.  Shallow and deep downhole testing was conducted in the 259 meter and 587 meter deep holes, respectively. In this project, each seismic station folder contains the unprocessed surface wave data and the metadata file.  The active surface wave data were recorded at each site using a linear array of 24, 4.5 Hz geophones with 2 m receiver spacing. Both vertical and horizontal geophones were used to record Rayleigh and Love waves, respectively. A 2 m source offset was used for P-wave refraction, whereas multiple source offsets of 5, 10, 20, and 40 m were used for the multichannel analysis surface wave (MASW) data. The passive microtremor array measurements (MAM) data were recorded using circular and L-shaped arrays. The circular array MAM measurements utilized nine three-component Trillium Compact, 20-second broadband seismometers. In each circular array arrangement, eight seismometers were uniformly distributed on the circumference, while the ninth seismometer was placed on the center. Circular arrays of 50 m, 200 m, and 500 m diameter were used at all sites. The L-array MAM measurements were carried out using 24, 4.5 Hz vertical geophones. An equal receiver spacing of 5 m was used, which resulted in an L-array with dimensions of 55 m x 60 m at most sites. The data was used to develop shear wave velocity profiles at these seismic station to bedrock which varied from 427 m to 923 m. The results of the study can be found in the following USGS funded project technical report- “Development of deep shear wave velocity profiles at seismic stations in the Mississippi Embayment”. The details of the recorded data are provided in the metadata files.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-bjqe-k676
title: Machine Learning-Based Settlement Models for Shallow-Founded Structures on Interbedded Liquefiable Sites Considering Dense Granular Columns

description: This project develops machine learning (ML)-based predictive models for estimating the permanent settlement of foundations on stratigraphically variable liquefiable deposits, considering both unmitigated conditions and those mitigated using Dense Granular Columns (DGCs). The dataset consists of approximately 4,000 fully-coupled, nonlinear finite element analyses performed in the object-oriented, open-source FE computational OpenSees platform. These analyses were validated with centrifuge experimental data and designed using quasi-Monte Carlo sampling to capture a broad range of parameters, including soil properties, foundation characteristics, seismic ground motion, and mitigation properties and geometry. The project integrates advanced numerical simulations with ML models to improve prediction accuracy for settlement behavior, key influencing factors, and mitigation design.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-fy1v-hh47
title: Subsurface Investigation at Selected Liquefaction Case History Sites, Christchurch, NZ

description: This mission included the subsurface investigation of true-false liquefaction case history sites using cone penetration tests (CPTs) in an effort to quantify the spatial variability of the soils at these sites. The four sites included the Avondale Playground, Shirley Intermediate School, Ti Rakau Reserve, and 38 Meadow Street sites. Manifestation of liquefaction was observed at three of the four sites during at least one of the four events comprising the Canterbury Earthquake Sequence (Avondale Playground, Shirley Intermediate School, and Ti Rakau Reserve), whereas evidence of liquefaction was not observed at the 38 Meadow Street site.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-rm7v-fe30
title: Modular Testbed Building (MTB2): A Shared-Use, Reconfigurable, Earthquake-Resistant Design

description: This project aims to verify the structural behavioral predictions of computer algorithms. In addition, it seeks to prove the importance of modular structural design in earthquake-prone regions. The data in this project can be reused to develop future experiments using the modular testbed building. This includes instrumentation and site planning, as well as determining structural mode shapes from experimental data. This project is unique because it is testing the seismic performance of a full-scale modularly constructed specimen with an innovative combination of lateral systems. The intended audience of this paper is future users of the modular testbed building and investigators studying the performance of modular construction under lateral loading.