DOI: 10.5061/dryad.z612jm6mq
title: Data from: Morphological and genetic evidence for the Stigmatodon goniorachis complex (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae) reveals a new species on inselbergs in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

description: This study evaluated the morphological variation and genetic structure of
 seven natural populations of the Stigmatodon goniorachis complex
 (Bromeliaceae) endemic to vertical faces of inselbergs in the Brazilian
 Atlantic Forest. A cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
 corroborated the existence of four clearly separated species, S.
 brassicoides, S. costae, S. francae, and S. goniorachis, and unveiled two
 distinct morphological groups in the S. goniorachis populations. The main
 components of variation revealed by PCA analysis were: inflorescence
 peduncle diameter, floral bract length, and hypanthium length. Both
 morphological and genetic analyses indicated two distinct groups among the
 four populations initially identified as S. goniorachis, which led to the
 recognition of a new species described here, Stigmatodon carioca.
  Besides the description of the new species, we present a
 comparative study that allows the morphological differentiation of the
 five species.
description: Five individuals were collected at each site, according to the
 availability of fertile individuals, for a total of 35 individuals from
 seven sites. The dimensions of fully developed leaves and floral
 structures were measured and analyzed for presence/absence, shape and type
 of indumentum. The colors of inflorescences, flowers and leaves observed
 in the field were included in the analyses. The four species that compose
 the S. goniorachis complex were analyzed together. Data were tabulated in
 matrices of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) × quantitative (19) and
 qualitative (7) morphological variables in order to conduct ordination and
 clustering analyses. For cluster analysis, the Gower index was used as a
 measure of similarity (Legendre and Legendre 1998), and the criterion of
 average linkage between groups (Unweighted Pair Group Method with
 Arithmetic mean – UPGMA). For the ordination of OTUs and quantitative
 variables, a Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was used to determine
 the gradient size, and a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to analyze
 which morphological characters were responsible for the formation of the
 possible groups (Legendre and Legendre 1998). For all analyses, Fitopac
 1.6 (Shepherd 2010), PC-Ord 4.10 (McCune and Mefford 1999) and Past v3.0
 (Hammer et al. 2001) were used. Clustering and ordination analyses of
 quantitative and qualitative variables were performed based on the
 character.
description: # **Morphological data from: Morphological and genetic evidence for the
 Stigmatodon goniorachis complex (Tillandsioideae, Bromeliaceae) reveals a
 new species on inselbergs in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest**
 **[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.z612jm6mq](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.z612jm6mq)** **Description of the data and file structure** **File: Morphological_data_matrix.xlsx** Description: matrix informing each quantitative and qualitative variable analyzed by the population of each of the four species in the study. In bold the codes of each population and each variable analyzed. **The data file contains the morphological characters evaluated and measured, along with the code for each character. The identified codes for each character are found below:** | Characters                                                                                                      | **Character Code** | | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------ | | Quantitative character  | | | Leaf sheath, lengh *(cm)*  | LSL | | Leaf sheath, width (cm) | LSW | | Leaf blade, lenght (cm) | LBL | | Leaf blade, width (cm) | LBW | | Inflorescence, total lenght (cm) | ITL | | Peduncle, diameter (cm) | PED | | Peduncle bract, lenght (cm) | PBL | | Peduncle bract, width (cm) | PBW | | Inflorescence median internode, lenght (cm) | IML | | Floral bract, lenght (cm) | FBL | | Floral bract, width (cm) | FBW | | Receptacle, length (cm) | RCL | | Receptacle, diameter (cm) | RCD | | Sepal, length (cm) | SPL | | Sepal, width (cm) | SPW | | Petal, lenght (cm) | PTL | | Petal, width (cm) | PTW | | Stamens, length (cm) | STL | | Pistil, length (cm) | PSL | | Qualitative character | | | Leaf, color (green-0, wine-green-1) | LVC | | Petal, color (white-0, greenish-white-1) | PTC | | Leaf trichomes (absent-0, present-1) | LTR | | Leaf, longitudinal posture (patent-0, twisted-1) | LLP | | Inflorescence branching pattern (simple-0, compound-1) | IBP | | Floral bracts, color (green-0, wine-green-1) | FBC | | Leaf, margin (convolute-0, revolute-1) | LFM | Code/software Files can be viewed in Excel software