cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.4.1.2020.006
title: Ring shear test data of glass beads 40-70 µm used for analogue experiments in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam

description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) on glass beads used in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam as an analogue for “weak” brittle layers in the crust or lithosphere (Ritter et al., 2016; Santimano et al., 2015; Contardo et al., 2011; Reiter et al., 2011; Hoth et al., 2007, 2006; Kenkmann et al., 2007; Deng et al., 2018) or in stick-slip experiments (Rudolf et al., 2019). The glass beads with a diameter of 40-70 µm have been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesions C as a remote service by the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. According to our analysis the material shows a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of the glass beads are µP = 0.46, µD = 0.40 and µR = 0.44, respectively. Cohesion ranges between 33 and 42 Pa. A rate-weakening of ~3 % per ten-fold change in shear velocity v is evident.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.4.1.2020.007
title: Ring shear test data of glass beads 70-110 µm used for analogue experiments in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam

description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) on glass beads used in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam as an analogue for “weak” brittle layers in the crust or lithosphere (Ritter et al., 2016; Santimano et al., 2015; Contardo et al., 2011; Reiter et al., 2011; Hoth et al., 2007, 2006; Kenkmann et al., 2007; Deng et al., 2018) or in stick-slip experiments (Rudolf et al., 2019). The glass beads with a diameter of 70-110 µm have been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesions C as a remote service by the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. According to our analysis the material shows a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of the glass beads are µP = 0.48, µD = 0.39 and µR = 0.44, respectively. Cohesion ranges between 3 and 28 Pa. A rate-weakening of ~4 % per ten-fold change in shear velocity v is evident.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.4.1.2020.008
title: Ring shear test data of glass beads 300-400 µm used for analogue experiments in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam

description: This dataset provides friction data from ring-shear tests (RST) on glass beads used in the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam as an analogue for “weak” brittle layers in the crust or lithosphere (Ritter et al., 2016; Santimano et al., 2015; Contardo et al., 2011; Reiter et al., 2011; Hoth et al., 2007, 2006; Kenkmann et al., 2007; Deng et al., 2018) or in stick-slip experiments (Rudolf et al., 2019). The glass beads with a diameter of 300-400 µm have been characterized by means of internal friction coefficients µ and cohesions C as a remote service by the Helmholtz Laboratory for Tectonic Modelling (HelTec) at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. According to our analysis the material shows a Mohr-Coulomb behaviour characterized by a linear failure envelope. Peak, dynamic and reactivation friction coefficients of the glass beads are µP = 0.58, µD = 0.43 and µR = 0.49, respectively. Cohesion ranges between 8 and 81 Pa. A rate-weakening of ~7 % per ten-fold change in shear velocity v is evident.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.4.4.2021.003
title: Risk Estimates from Process-based Regional Flood Model for Germany

description: This dataset provides risk estimates from the long-term (5000-year) simulations of the process-based Regional Flood Model chain (RFM) developed for Germany (Falter et al. 2015). The 5000-year simulation is run as an ensemble of 50 100-year simulations. Each of those 100-year simulations is referred to as a scenario. The risk estimates are derived in Euros adjusted to prices as of 2018 for all major catchments in Germany – Elbe, Danube, Rhine, Weser and Ems. The dataset consists of the risk estimates for every simulated event at the catchment-level classified according to the sector – private sector (ps), commercial (com) and agriculture (agr). Losses to buildings and contents are estimated for private and commercial sectors. Crop losses are estimated for the agriculture sector. The full description of the RFM along with the derivation of the risk estimates and uncertainty measurement is provided in Sairam et al. (2021).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.m9nua4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 69 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Zygotritonia bongensis",
 "Continent is Africa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 69 records from 14 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0044072-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.1.1.2021.006
title: GFZ Global Ionosphere Maps

description: This data publication contains global maps of the vertical total electron content (VTEC) of the Earth's ionosphere. They are computed at GFZ from ground GNSS data and provided on an operational basis. The dataset covers the period since the beginning of 2000 and is published in daily files.
description: Based on a network of around 250 GNSS stations of the tracking network of the International GNSS Service (IGS), the GFZ generates global VTEC solutions using the latest development version of the EPOS.P8 Software. Observation data from GPS, GLONASS (from 2012), and Galileo (from 2014) satellites are used. The processing is based on a rigorous least-squares approach using uncombined code and phase observations, and does not entail leveling techniques. A single-layer ionospheric model with a spherical harmonic VTEC representation is applied. VTEC values are provided with a temporal resolution of 2 hours and a spatial resolution of 2.5 degrees in latitude and 5 degrees in longitude. The processing is described in detail in Brack et al. (2021). The solution series contains daily files ( and refer to the year and day of year) in the ionex data format (https://files.igs.org/pub/data/format/ionex1.pdf): - GFZ0OPSRAP_0000_01D_02H_ION.IOX.gz: rapid solution published with a delay of one day - GFZ0OPSFIN_0000_01D_02H_ION.IOX.gz: final solution containing the middle day of a combination of the rapid solutions of three consecutive days The file naming follows the IGS Long Product Filename (http://acc.igs.org/repro3/Long_Product_Filenames_v1.0.pdf). All files are .gz compressed.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.2.4.2021.007
title: Ambient noise tomography model of the Ethiopian rift region

description: The Ethiopian rift is a unique natural environment to study the different stages of evolution from initial continental rifting to embryonic sea-floor spreading. We study the crust and uppermost mantle of the Afar, Main Ethiopian Rift and the adjoining plateaus using hierarchical Bayesian ambient seismic noise tomography. A shear wave velocity model of the crust is produced based on the point-wise linearized inversion of the dispersion curves extracted from the group velocity maps. This dataset provides 3-D shear velocity results from Eshetu et al. (2021). The file “3dmod.dat” contains the shear wave velocity model for the Ethiopian rift, sampled onto a regular grid. Poorly imaged cells are set to “nan”, see the main text for details. Note that the model primarly resolves S wave structure (Vs). P wave velocity (Vp) is not independently constrained but, during the inversion, calculated from Vs using empirical relations (Brocher, 2005).
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2019.008
title: The DGFI geoid based on spherical radial basis functions for the Colorado Experiment: ColSRBF-DGFI2019

description: The ColSRBF-DGFI2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI), Technical University of Munich (TUM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 251°E ≤ longitude ≤ 257°E, 36°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. Input data include terrestrial and airborne gravity observations, both used with their original observation sites. The computation method is based on spherical radial basis functions (SRBFs), using the Shannon function and the Cubic Polynomial (CuP) function for the terrestrial and airborne data, respectively. The computation is performed in the framework of a remove-compute-restore procedure, taking XGM2016 as global gravity model and Earth2014 / ERTM2160 for the topographic gravity effects. The terrestrial and airborne observations are combined within a parameter estimation procedure, and the relative weight between these two types of observations are determined by the method of variance component estimation (VCE). The classical formula by Heiskanen and Moritz (1967) is used for quasi-geoid to geoid conversion. The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.0 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.2.4.2021.008
title: Seismic Velocity Model of Crust and Upper Mantle beneath South Central Andes including Pampean and Payenia

description: A new seismic model for crust and upper mantle of the south Central Andes is derived from full waveform inversion, covering the Pampean flat subduction and adjacent Payenia steep subduction segments. Focused crustal low‐velocity anomalies indicate partial melts in the Payenia segment along the volcanic arc, whereas weaker low‐velocity anomalies covering a wide zone in the Pampean segment are interpreted as remnant partial melts. Thinning and tearing of the flat Nazca slab is inferred from gaps in the slab along the inland projection of the Juan Fernandez Ridge. A high‐velocity anomaly in the mantle below the flat slab is interpreted as relic Nazca slab segment, which indicates an earlier slab break‐off triggered by the buoyancy of the Juan Fernandez Ridge during the flattening process. In Payenia, large‐scale low‐velocity anomalies atop and below the re‐steepened Nazca slab are associated with the re‐opening of the mantle wedge and sub‐slab asthenospheric flow, respectively.
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2019.010
title: The CASM geoid based on spectral combination approach for the Colorado Experiment: ColSCA-CASM2019

description: The ColSCA-CASM2019 gravimetric geoid model has been computed by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping (CASM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109.5°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102.5°W, 35.5°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39.5°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The height anomaly computation from the satellite gravity model GOCO05S, terrestrial and airborne gravity data is based on the spectral combination approach. Spectral weights of each dataset are determined by using the KTH error degree variance estimation method. A remove-compute-restore procedure, based on the EGM2008 global gravity model, is applied to account for the contribution outside local gravity data coverage. A residual terrain correction is computed from the SRTM model to consider the short wavelength components of gravity field generated by the high frequency part of topography. Height anomalies are converted to geoid undulations by using the refined Bouguer anomalies and the gradient of the gravitational potential (Flury and Rummel, 2009). The accuracy of the geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.5 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/fidgeo.2021.032
title: P-wave traveltime tomography model derived from AlpArray Seismic Network data

description: We perform a teleseismic P-wave travel-time tomography to examine the geometry and structure of subducted lithosphere in the upper mantle beneath the Alpine orogen. The tomography is based on waveforms recorded at over 600 temporary and permanent broadband stations of the dense AlpArray Seismic Network deployed by 24 different European institutions in the greater Alpine region, reaching from the Massif Central to the Pannonian Basin and from the Po plain to the river Main. Teleseismic travel times and travel-time residuals of direct teleseismic P-waves from 331 teleseismic events of magnitude 5.5 and higher recorded between 2015 and 2019 by the AlpArray Seismic Network are extracted from the recorded waveforms using a combination of automatic picking, beamforming and cross-correlation. The resulting database contains over 162.000 highly accurate absolute P-wave travel times and travel-time residuals. For tomographic inversion, we define a model domain encompassing the entire Alpine region down to a depth of 600 km. Predictions of travel times are computed in a hybrid way applying a fast Tau-P method outside the model domain and continuing the wavefronts into the model domain using a fast marching method. We iteratively invert demeaned travel-time residuals for P-wave velocities in the model domain using a regular discretization with an average lateral spacing of about 25 km and a vertical spacing of 15 km. The inversion is regularized towards an initial model constructed from a 3D a priori model of the crust and uppermost mantle and a 1D standard earth model beneath. The resulting model provides a detailed image of slab configuration beneath the Alpine and Apenninic orogens. Major features are a partly overturned Adriatic slab beneath the Apennines reaching down to 400 km depth still attached in its northern part to the crust but exhibiting detachment towards the southeast. A fast anomaly beneath the western Alps indicates a short western Alpine slab whose easternmost end is located at about 100 km depth beneath the Penninic front. Further to the east and following the arcuate shape of the western Periadriatic Fault System, a deep-reaching coherent fast anomaly with complex internal stucture generally dipping to the SE down to about 400 km suggests a slab of European origin limited to the east by the Giudicarie fault in the upper 200 km but extending beyond this fault at greater depths. In its eastern part it is detached from overlying lithosphere. Further to the east, well-separated in the upper 200 km from the slab beneath central Alps but merging with it below, another deep-reaching, nearly vertically dipping high-velocity anomaly suggests the existence of a slab beneath the Eastern Alps of presumably the same origin which is completely detached from the orogenic root. The data are fully described in Paffrath et al. (2021). The model is provided as tabular data with six columns (1) Longitude (deg), (2) Latitude (deg), (3) Depth (km), (4) vp (km/s), (5) dVp (%), (6) Resolution.
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2019.009
title: The CASM quasi-geoid based on spectral combination approach for the Colorado Experiment: ColSCA-CASM2019

description: The ColSCA-CASM2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping (CASM). It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 109.5°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102.5°W, 35.5°N ≤ latitude ≤ 39.5°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The height anomaly computation from the satellite gravity model GOCO05S, terrestrial and airborne gravity data is based on the spectral combination approach. Spectral weights of each dataset are determined by using the KTH error degree variance estimation method. A remove-compute-restore procedure, based on the EGM2008 global gravity model, is applied to account for the contribution outside local gravity data coverage. A residual terrain correction is computed from the SRTM model to consider the short wavelength components of gravity field generated by the high frequency part of topography. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 3.1 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.3.6.2021.002
title: Evaluation of numerous J-, K-, L-, M-, and N-integrals used in perturbation theory: Integral raw data

description: Following Barker, Pople and Gubbins & Gray, the u-expansion of the perturbation theory, used for developing equations of state for fluids, requires sets of J-, K-, L-, M-, and N-integrals as a function of rho* and T*. These integrals are calculated here from pair and triplet correlation functions, which were derived in a previous communication, using particle configurations from extensive Monte-Carlo simulations of a Lennard-Jones fluid. The pair and triplet correlation functions are based on 27615 state points covering a rho*-T* space from 0.002-1.41 and 0.45-25 in reduced variables, respectively, which is also the range of the calculated integrals. Quadruplet correlation functions, required by the M- and N-integrals, were calculated using the trans-superposition approximation, using pair and triplet correlation functions. Here the unfitted raw data of 597 J-, 90 K-, 256 L-, 4M-, and 4N-integrals are reported. The number of available values at different rho*-T* state points are 27615 for the J-integrals, and in the range of 6999-7053, 6789-7055, 6440-6587, 6544-6751 for the K-, L-, M-, andN-integrals, respectively.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.fidgeo.2021.029
title: Digital Image Correlation of strike slip experiments in wet kaolin at different strain rates and boundary conditions

description: The data set includes the digital image correlation of 16 dextral strike-slip experiments performed at the University of Massachusetts at Amherst (USA). The DIC data sets were used for a machine learning project to build a CNN that can predict off-fault deformation from active fault trace maps. The experimental set up and methods are described with the main text and supplement to Chaipornkaew et al (in prep). To map active fault geometry and calculate the off-fault deformation we use the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to produce incremental horizontal displacement maps. Strain maps of the entire region of interest can be calculated from the displacements maps to determine the fault maps and estimate off-fault strain throughout the Region of Interest (ROI). We subdivide each ROI into five subdomains, windows, for training the CNN. This allows a larger dataset from the experimental results. The data posted here include the incremental displacement time series and animations of strain for the entire ROI.
description: We document the evolution of dextral strike-slip faults within wet kaolin loaded within a split box. All experiments used a 2.5 cm claybox but we varied 1) the loading rate from 0.25 to 1.5 mm/min, and the localized or distributed basal shear (abutting basalt plates or 2.5 cm wide elastic sheet respectively). All experiments were repeated twice. Red and black sand grains distributed on the surface of the clay provide the pixel variation that allow us to calculate the incremental horizontal displacement fields from the photos of the clay surface using DIC techniques. The distribution of sand and timing of photos are set to optimize both data resolution and displacement uncertainty. allows for &lt;0.01 mm uncertainty of horizontal displacement between successive images of our experiment measured at points with spacing of 1 mm. We use the matlab based PIVlab (Thielicke,2019) with a fast Fourier transform three-pass filter to optimize displacement resolution. Through the three passes with linear interpolation, the initial window size of 64 pixels reduces to 16 pixels, which corresponds to incremental displacement data every 0.89 mm. The resulting displacements vary along the edges of the ROI far from faults with mean standard of deviation of &lt;0.01 mm. We consider this to be the uncertainty of the incremental displacements.
DOI: 10.5880/fidgeo.2021.028
title: Digital image correlation data from analogue modelling experiments addressing the influence of basin geometry on gravity-driven salt tectonics at the Tectonic Modelling Lab of the University of Rennes (F)

description: This data set includes the results of digital image correlation of 35 brittle-viscous experiments on gravitational salt tectonics performed at the Tectonic Modelling Lab of the University of Rennes 1 (UR1). The experiments demonstrate the influence of basin geometry on gravity-driven salt tectonics. Detailed descriptions of the experiments can be found in Zwaan et al. (2021) to which this data set is supplementary. The data presented here consist of movies and images displaying the cumulative analogue model surface displacement, digital elevation models as well as profiles of the downslope cumulative displacements and surface elevation.