DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4320051
title: Projected Changes to Cool-Season Storm Tides along the Northeastern U.S. Coast: Dataset

description: Contains datasets for the study entitled: "Projected Changes to Cool-Season Storm Tides in the 21st Century along the Northeastern United States Coast". Storm tide elevations were computed using the highly-resolved ADCIRC v55 hydrodynamic storm tide model under various atmospheric forcing over three northern hemisphere cool-season (November to March) decades: 1995-2004 (historical), 2045-2054 (mid-21st century), and 2085-2094 (late-21st century). Atmospheric forcing includes three dynamically downscaled regional climate models: WRF-CCSM4, WRF-GFDL, and WRF-HadGEM. The historical decade was also computed under ERA5 reanalysis forcing. Storm tides during each decade were computed five times with different astronomical tidal phase offsets (-10, -5, +0, +5, +10 hrs) from the actual datetime to account for random tide-surge timing. Extratropical cyclones were tracked based on their central sea level pressures in the various atmospheric models and the results are included in this dataset. <em><strong>Content List:</strong></em><br> <strong>Mesh+Tidal-Constituents.nc: </strong>Unstructured triangular mesh and ADCIRC hydrodynamic model metadata containing astronomical tidal constituents computed from one cool-season decade. [netcdf file] <strong>Tidegauge_historical_PST.xlsx: </strong>Excel spreadsheet containing the following three sheets: 1) metadata of NOAA tide gauges (name, ID, geographic location); 2) Modeled and observed 3-season PST (i.e., the storm tide elevation at the 3-season/year return interval) at the tide gauges for the historical decade; 3) same as 2) except for 1-season PST. <em>Peak Storm Tides (PST) at Coastal Counties:</em> <strong>County_3-season_PST.xlsx:</strong> Excel spreadsheet containing the following six sheets: 1) metadata of counties along the northeastern U.S. coast including numbering, county names, and associated state and subregion; 2) 3-season PST (i.e., the storm tide elevation at the 3-season/year return interval) at the coastal counties for the historical decade under ERA5 reanalysis atmospheric forcing; 3) 3-season PST for the historical, mid-21st century, and late-21st century decades under WRF-CCSM4 atmospheric forcing; 4) same as 3) under WRF-GFDL atmospheric forcing; 5) same as 3) under WRF-HadGEM atmospheric forcing; 6) Sea level rise estimates at the coastal counties in the mid-21st century and late-21st century decades from CCSM4, GFDL and HadGEM global climate model outputs. <strong>County_1-season_PST.xlsx:</strong> Same as 1) except for 1-season PST (i.e., the storm tide elevation at the 1-season/year return interval). <em>Peak Storm Tides (PST) at all Mesh Vertices:</em> <strong>ERA5_historical_PST.nc:</strong> Highest 45 peak storm tide elevations and their timing for the historical decade under ERA5 reanalysis atmospheric forcing on all of the ADCIRC v55 model mesh vertices (the mesh covers the entire western North Atlantic Ocean west of the 60 degree meridian) grouped by the astronomical tidal phase offset. [netcdf file] <strong>WRF-CCSM4_historical_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 1) except under WRF-CCSM4 atmospheric forcing. <strong>WRF-GFDL_historical_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 1) except under WRF-GFDL atmospheric forcing. <strong>WRF-HadGEM_historical_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 1) except under WRF-HadGEM atmospheric forcing. <strong>WRF-CCSM4_midcentury_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 2) except for the mid-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-GFDL_midcentury_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 3) except for the mid-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-HadGEM_midcentury_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 4) except for the mid-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-CCSM4_latecentury_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 2) except for the late-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-GFDL_latecentury_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 3) except for the late-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-HadGEM_latecentury_PST.nc:</strong> Same as 4) except for the late-21st century decade. <em>Extratropical Cyclone Tracks:</em> <strong>ERA5_historical_ETC-Tracks.nc: </strong>Tracked extratropical cyclones for the historical cool-season decade as simulated by the ERA5 atmospheric model. Contains: geographic location, datetime, minimum sea level pressure, and maximum 10-m wind speeds. [netcdf file] <strong>WRF-CCSM4_historical_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 1) except for the WRF-CCSM4 atmospheric model. <strong>WRF-GFDL_historical_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 1) except for the WRF-GFDL atmospheric model. <strong>WRF-HadGEM_historical_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 1) except for the WRF-HadGEM atmospheric model. <strong>WRF-CCSM4_midcentury_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 2) except for the mid-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-GFDL_midcentury_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 3) except for the mid-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-HadGEM_midcentury_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 4) except for the mid-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-CCSM4_latecentury_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 2) except for the late-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-GFDL_latecentury_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 3) except for the late-21st century decade. <strong>WRF-HadGEM_latecentury_ETC-Tracks.nc:</strong> Same as 4) except for the late-21st century decade.