cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991718
title: Uncertainties Associated with Arithmetic Map Operations in GIS

description: Abstract Arithmetic map operations are very common procedures used in GIS to combine raster maps resulting in a new and improved raster map. It is essential that this new map be accompanied by an assessment of uncertainty. This paper shows how we can calculate the uncertainty of the resulting map after performing some arithmetic operation. Actually, the propagation of uncertainty depends on a reliable measurement of the local accuracy and local covariance, as well. In this sense, the use of the interpolation variance is proposed because it takes into account both data configuration and data values. Taylor series expansion is used to derive the mean and variance of the function defined by an arithmetic operation. We show exact results for means and variances for arithmetic operations involving addition, subtraction and multiplication and that it is possible to get approximate mean and variance for the quotient of raster maps.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991718.v1
title: Uncertainties Associated with Arithmetic Map Operations in GIS

description: Abstract Arithmetic map operations are very common procedures used in GIS to combine raster maps resulting in a new and improved raster map. It is essential that this new map be accompanied by an assessment of uncertainty. This paper shows how we can calculate the uncertainty of the resulting map after performing some arithmetic operation. Actually, the propagation of uncertainty depends on a reliable measurement of the local accuracy and local covariance, as well. In this sense, the use of the interpolation variance is proposed because it takes into account both data configuration and data values. Taylor series expansion is used to derive the mean and variance of the function defined by an arithmetic operation. We show exact results for means and variances for arithmetic operations involving addition, subtraction and multiplication and that it is possible to get approximate mean and variance for the quotient of raster maps.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991712
title: New insights into the structural characteristics of irradiated crotamine

description: AbstractBackground:Since ionizing radiation has the potential to alter the molecular structure and affect the biologica properties of biomolecules, it has been successfully employed to attenuate animal toxins. The present study aimed to characterize the structural modifications on irradiated crotamine, a toxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom, using circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).Methods:A combination of size exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography was used to purify the peptide using crude venom. The pure toxin was then submitted to 2 kGy gamma irradiation doses from a cobalt-60 source. Native and irradiated crotamine were analyzed using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. Wavelength was fixed at 295 nm and fluorescence emission scans were collected from 300 to 400 nm. CD and FTIR techniques were used to identify the secondary structure of both samples. DSC analyses were performed at a starting temperature of 20 °C up to a final temperature of 90 °C. AFM provided a 3D profile of the surfaces of both crotamine forms adsorbed on mica.Results:Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the quantum yield of the irradiated form decreased. CD spectra of native and irradiated crotamine solutions showed differences between the samples in wavelength, indicating that irradiation induced a transition of a small portion of the random coil regions towards an a-helical conformation. FTIR and CD showed that the native and irradiated crotamine spectra were different with regard to secondary structure. The thermodynamic analysis showed that irradiation caused changes in the calorimetric profile and CD showed that temperature-induced changes also occur in the secondary structure. Finally, AFM showed the possible formation of insoluble aggregates.Conclusions:Our results indicate that irradiation leads to progressive changes in the structure of the toxin, which could explain a decrease in myotoxic activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991712.v1
title: New insights into the structural characteristics of irradiated crotamine

description: AbstractBackground:Since ionizing radiation has the potential to alter the molecular structure and affect the biologica properties of biomolecules, it has been successfully employed to attenuate animal toxins. The present study aimed to characterize the structural modifications on irradiated crotamine, a toxin from Crotalus durissus terrificus venom, using circular dichroism (CD), fluorescence, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).Methods:A combination of size exclusion and ion-exchange chromatography was used to purify the peptide using crude venom. The pure toxin was then submitted to 2 kGy gamma irradiation doses from a cobalt-60 source. Native and irradiated crotamine were analyzed using a fluorescence spectrophotometer. Wavelength was fixed at 295 nm and fluorescence emission scans were collected from 300 to 400 nm. CD and FTIR techniques were used to identify the secondary structure of both samples. DSC analyses were performed at a starting temperature of 20 °C up to a final temperature of 90 °C. AFM provided a 3D profile of the surfaces of both crotamine forms adsorbed on mica.Results:Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the quantum yield of the irradiated form decreased. CD spectra of native and irradiated crotamine solutions showed differences between the samples in wavelength, indicating that irradiation induced a transition of a small portion of the random coil regions towards an a-helical conformation. FTIR and CD showed that the native and irradiated crotamine spectra were different with regard to secondary structure. The thermodynamic analysis showed that irradiation caused changes in the calorimetric profile and CD showed that temperature-induced changes also occur in the secondary structure. Finally, AFM showed the possible formation of insoluble aggregates.Conclusions:Our results indicate that irradiation leads to progressive changes in the structure of the toxin, which could explain a decrease in myotoxic activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991709
title: Immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia on Pristine or Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Application on Enzymatic Resolution of (RS)-1-Phenylethanol

description: The immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) on pristine or functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was studied in the resolution of (RS)-1-phenylethanol. For the functionalization, three treatments were used, these being in H2SO4/HNO3 (acid, MWCNTs-A), KOH (basic, MWCNTs-B) or in H2O2 (oxidizing agent, MWCNTs-O). It was found that the pristine or functionalized BCL/MWCNTs resulted in a 3-fold improvement in the conversion and in a 5-fold improvement in ees (enantiomeric excess of the substrate), when compared with free BCL under the same reaction conditions. This pristine or functionalized BCL/MWCNTs system could be reused for up to 8 times without significant decrease in the catalytic efficiency. Under the optimum conditions (pH of immobilization 6.0, 45 ºC and 25 mg/5 mg pristine or functionalized BCL/MWCNTs), the best results were obtained using BCL immobilized on MWCNTs-A. The simple process of physical adsorption of BCL onto MWCNTs-A has improved the catalytic efficiency when compared with free BCL and an increase in the stability was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991706
title: Circular Business Plan: entrepreneurship teaching instrument and development of the entrepreneurial profile

description: Abstract Due to the necessity for innovation and value creation for organizations, entrepreneurship education has become part of contemporary educational institutions. It is necessary to develop tools that provide a favorable learning environment. The Business Plan is an useful tool in teaching entrepreneurship, contributing to the development of entrepreneurial teachers and students from different areas. This paper aims to analyze the Circular Business Plan as an active methodology for teaching entrepreneurship during the workshop Building a Business Plan. The version of Circular Business Plan presented in this work was demonstrated through applied research, using qualitative method with exploratory goal during field of study. We analyzed 10 workshops Building a Business Plan in the same educational institution, with 160 participants develop 48 business ideas developed by groups with 3 people on average. Learning self-assessment answered by the participants, as well as the evaluation of teachers on student responses at Circular Business Plan built during the workshops Building a Business Plan, demonstrated that the active methodology contributes to the entrepreneurial development, from skills, different knowledge, attitudes and values. Future research will improve this active methodology and the teaching of entrepreneurship, as well as contribute to the development of the entrepreneurial profile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991706.v1
title: Circular Business Plan: entrepreneurship teaching instrument and development of the entrepreneurial profile

description: Abstract Due to the necessity for innovation and value creation for organizations, entrepreneurship education has become part of contemporary educational institutions. It is necessary to develop tools that provide a favorable learning environment. The Business Plan is an useful tool in teaching entrepreneurship, contributing to the development of entrepreneurial teachers and students from different areas. This paper aims to analyze the Circular Business Plan as an active methodology for teaching entrepreneurship during the workshop Building a Business Plan. The version of Circular Business Plan presented in this work was demonstrated through applied research, using qualitative method with exploratory goal during field of study. We analyzed 10 workshops Building a Business Plan in the same educational institution, with 160 participants develop 48 business ideas developed by groups with 3 people on average. Learning self-assessment answered by the participants, as well as the evaluation of teachers on student responses at Circular Business Plan built during the workshops Building a Business Plan, demonstrated that the active methodology contributes to the entrepreneurial development, from skills, different knowledge, attitudes and values. Future research will improve this active methodology and the teaching of entrepreneurship, as well as contribute to the development of the entrepreneurial profile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991709.v1
title: Immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia on Pristine or Functionalized Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Application on Enzymatic Resolution of (RS)-1-Phenylethanol

description: The immobilization of Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) on pristine or functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was studied in the resolution of (RS)-1-phenylethanol. For the functionalization, three treatments were used, these being in H2SO4/HNO3 (acid, MWCNTs-A), KOH (basic, MWCNTs-B) or in H2O2 (oxidizing agent, MWCNTs-O). It was found that the pristine or functionalized BCL/MWCNTs resulted in a 3-fold improvement in the conversion and in a 5-fold improvement in ees (enantiomeric excess of the substrate), when compared with free BCL under the same reaction conditions. This pristine or functionalized BCL/MWCNTs system could be reused for up to 8 times without significant decrease in the catalytic efficiency. Under the optimum conditions (pH of immobilization 6.0, 45 ºC and 25 mg/5 mg pristine or functionalized BCL/MWCNTs), the best results were obtained using BCL immobilized on MWCNTs-A. The simple process of physical adsorption of BCL onto MWCNTs-A has improved the catalytic efficiency when compared with free BCL and an increase in the stability was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991703
title: Wastewater treatment by overland flow: removal of metals

description: ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the removal and concentration of the metals cadmium (Cd), chrome (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) in municipal wastewater, we conducted field tests using the method of overland flow under two rates of surface application, 0.30 and 0.20 m3.m-1.h-1, on a ramp of 4.25 × 40 m with a slope of 3.5%, planted with Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.). In samples collected during the 15-month study, only Cu, Cr and Pb exceeded the discharge limit according to the National Environment Council (CONAMA) Resolution n. 430/2011 (BRASIL, 2011). The application rate does not influence the surface removal of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb; however, higher Zn removal occurred by applying rates of surface application of 0.30 m3.m-1.h-1. The rate of application does not influence the incorporation of Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni and Zn in the biomass, but greater incorporation of Pb occurred when applying 0.20 m3.m-1.h-1.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991703.v1
title: Wastewater treatment by overland flow: removal of metals

description: ABSTRACT In order to evaluate the removal and concentration of the metals cadmium (Cd), chrome (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and zinc (Zn) in municipal wastewater, we conducted field tests using the method of overland flow under two rates of surface application, 0.30 and 0.20 m3.m-1.h-1, on a ramp of 4.25 × 40 m with a slope of 3.5%, planted with Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.). In samples collected during the 15-month study, only Cu, Cr and Pb exceeded the discharge limit according to the National Environment Council (CONAMA) Resolution n. 430/2011 (BRASIL, 2011). The application rate does not influence the surface removal of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni and Pb; however, higher Zn removal occurred by applying rates of surface application of 0.30 m3.m-1.h-1. The rate of application does not influence the incorporation of Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni and Zn in the biomass, but greater incorporation of Pb occurred when applying 0.20 m3.m-1.h-1.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991697
title: Chemomechanical versus drilling methods for caries removal: an in vitro study

description: The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) with that of conventional drilling for efficacy of caries removal, time spent, morphological changes and microhardness of surface dentin, and microleakage of subsequent restorations. Forty-six carious deciduous molars were randomly divided into two groups: one each for caries removal by (1) CMCR and by (2) drilling. The completeness of caries removal was evaluated by visual and tactile criteria and a caries detector device. Twenty teeth in each group were restored with glass ionomer (GI) and subjected to thermocycling before undergoing microleakage and microhardness tests. In each group, three restored teeth were used for polarized light microscopic analysis, and three unrestored teeth for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There was no significant difference in the completeness of caries removal between groups. However, time spent for caries removal by CMCR was significantly longer than that required for drilling. Restorations in the CMCR group had significantly more microleakage than those in the drilling group. Dentin hardness of the cavity floor after CMCR was also significantly lower. Microscopic analyses showed roughened and irregular dentin surfaces in the CMCR group, unlike the smooth surfaces observed in the drilling group. In conclusion, CMCR was as efficacious as drilling in term of completeness of caries removal, but required longer excavation times and resulted in lower microhardness of residual dentin as well as more microleakage after restorations with GI. Further laboratory and clinical evaluations on the efficiency and performance of CMCR for the durability of subsequent restorations are required.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991700
title: Cell phone radiation effects on cytogenetic abnormalities of oral mucosal cells

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to cell phone electromagnetic radiation on the frequency of micronuclei, broken eggs cells, binucleated cells, and karyorrhexis in epithelial cells of the oral mucosa. The sample was composed of 60 cell phone users, who were non-smokers and non-drinkers, and had no clinically visible oral lesions. Cells were obtained from anatomical sites with the highest incidence of oral cancer: lower lip, border of the tongue, and floor of the mouth. The Feulgen reaction was used for quantification of nuclear anomalies in 1,000 cells/slide. A slightly increase in the number of micronucleated cells in the lower lip and in binucleated cells on the floor of the mouth was observed in individuals who used their phones &gt; 60 minutes/week. The analysis also revealed an increased number of broken eggs in the tongue of individuals owning a cell phone for over eight years. Results suggest that exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted by cell phones can increase nuclear abnormalities in individuals who use a cell phone for more than 60 minutes per week and for over eight years. Based on the present findings, we suggest that exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell phones may interfere with the development of metanuclear anomalies. Therefore, it is demonstrated that, despite a significant increase in these anomalies, the radiation emitted by cell phones among frequent users is within acceptable physiological limits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991697.v1
title: Chemomechanical versus drilling methods for caries removal: an in vitro study

description: The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of chemomechanical caries removal (CMCR) with that of conventional drilling for efficacy of caries removal, time spent, morphological changes and microhardness of surface dentin, and microleakage of subsequent restorations. Forty-six carious deciduous molars were randomly divided into two groups: one each for caries removal by (1) CMCR and by (2) drilling. The completeness of caries removal was evaluated by visual and tactile criteria and a caries detector device. Twenty teeth in each group were restored with glass ionomer (GI) and subjected to thermocycling before undergoing microleakage and microhardness tests. In each group, three restored teeth were used for polarized light microscopic analysis, and three unrestored teeth for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). There was no significant difference in the completeness of caries removal between groups. However, time spent for caries removal by CMCR was significantly longer than that required for drilling. Restorations in the CMCR group had significantly more microleakage than those in the drilling group. Dentin hardness of the cavity floor after CMCR was also significantly lower. Microscopic analyses showed roughened and irregular dentin surfaces in the CMCR group, unlike the smooth surfaces observed in the drilling group. In conclusion, CMCR was as efficacious as drilling in term of completeness of caries removal, but required longer excavation times and resulted in lower microhardness of residual dentin as well as more microleakage after restorations with GI. Further laboratory and clinical evaluations on the efficiency and performance of CMCR for the durability of subsequent restorations are required.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991700.v1
title: Cell phone radiation effects on cytogenetic abnormalities of oral mucosal cells

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of exposure to cell phone electromagnetic radiation on the frequency of micronuclei, broken eggs cells, binucleated cells, and karyorrhexis in epithelial cells of the oral mucosa. The sample was composed of 60 cell phone users, who were non-smokers and non-drinkers, and had no clinically visible oral lesions. Cells were obtained from anatomical sites with the highest incidence of oral cancer: lower lip, border of the tongue, and floor of the mouth. The Feulgen reaction was used for quantification of nuclear anomalies in 1,000 cells/slide. A slightly increase in the number of micronucleated cells in the lower lip and in binucleated cells on the floor of the mouth was observed in individuals who used their phones &gt; 60 minutes/week. The analysis also revealed an increased number of broken eggs in the tongue of individuals owning a cell phone for over eight years. Results suggest that exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted by cell phones can increase nuclear abnormalities in individuals who use a cell phone for more than 60 minutes per week and for over eight years. Based on the present findings, we suggest that exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell phones may interfere with the development of metanuclear anomalies. Therefore, it is demonstrated that, despite a significant increase in these anomalies, the radiation emitted by cell phones among frequent users is within acceptable physiological limits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991694
title: Septic arthritis of native hip joint by Staphylococcus lugdunensis: a case report

description: Abstract Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a rare virulent coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) that behaves similarly to Staphylococcus aureus in causing deep abscesses, skin and soft tissue infections, and central nervous system infections. Additionally, there can be certain blood stream infections including sepsis, septic shock, toxic shock syndrome, and endocarditis complicated by embolic events. Reports of septic arthritis of a native joint associated with this organism have been infrequent, justifying the presentation and discussion of this case.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991694.v1
title: Septic arthritis of native hip joint by Staphylococcus lugdunensis: a case report

description: Abstract Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a rare virulent coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) that behaves similarly to Staphylococcus aureus in causing deep abscesses, skin and soft tissue infections, and central nervous system infections. Additionally, there can be certain blood stream infections including sepsis, septic shock, toxic shock syndrome, and endocarditis complicated by embolic events. Reports of septic arthritis of a native joint associated with this organism have been infrequent, justifying the presentation and discussion of this case.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991688
title: Nopalea cactus pear fertilized with nitrogen: morphometric, productive and nutritional characteristics

description: ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the structural, productive and nutritional characteristics of cactus pear (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck. cv. Miúda/Doce) under five nitrogen doses and two planting orientations. A randomized block design in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme was used in the scheme: five nitrogen doses (0, 150, 300, 450 and 600 kg of N ha-1), and two planting orientations (North/South and East/West), with three replicates. Except for the thickness of the secondary (p = 0.04) and tertiary cladodes (p = 0.02), the morphometric characteristics of the cactus pear were not influenced by the nitrogen doses (p &gt; 0.05). The mean height was 120 cm, the areas of the primary, secondary and tertiary cladodium were 160.9; 208 and 158.4 cm², respectively. The application of nitrogen fertilizer, in the dry conditions and doses evaluated, did not affect the production of green matter (PGM, p = 0.56), dry matter (PDM, p = 0.74) and dry matter content (DM, p = 0.72), with averages of 276 t ha-1, 43.2 t ha-1 and 15.7%, respectively. The increase of the nitrogen doses does not improve the majority of the morphometric characteristics or the dry matter yield of the cactus pear cv. Miúda at 730 days after planting.