cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4wkxnx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Taeniochauliodes minutus, Taeniochauliodes, Taeniochauliodes natalensis, Taeniochauliodes attenuatus, Platychauliodes, Platychauliodes thornei, Platychauliodes capensis, Platychauliodes woodi, Platychauliodes pusillus, Leptosialis, Leptosialis africana, Sialis, Haplosialis afra, Haplosialis, Taeniochauliodes angustus, Madachauliodes bicuspidatus, Madachauliodes, Chloroniella, Chloroniella peringueyi, Taeniochauliodes fuscus, Euchauliodes distinctus, Euchauliodes, Leptosialis necopinata, Taeniochauliodes esbenpeterseni, Madachauliodes torrentialis, Taeniochauliodes ochraceopennis, Madachauliodes ranomafana, Taeniochauliodes barnardi)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen, Observation, Human Observation, Machine Observation, Material sample, Literature Occurrence, Material citation, Occurrence evidence)",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "Issue" : [
 "is one of (Recorded date invalid, Recorded date mismatch, Recorded date unlikely, Modified date invalid)"
 ]
 }
 },
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 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002496-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b8gtht79p
title: Sex differences in alternative reproductive tactics in response to predation risk in tree crickets

description: 1. Alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are variable, often
 discontinuous, behaviours that allow a particular sex to achieve enhanced
 mating success. Predation risk has been hypothesised to drive the
 evolution of ARTs, but few empirical studies have examined this. It is
 unclear whether predators affect fitness of the two sexes directly, by
 reducing survival, or indirectly, by altering mate-searching. 2. In
 crickets, mate-search typically involves acoustic signalling by males and
 acoustic-mediated movement towards males by silent females. Males and
 females may however employ ARTs, which includes silent searching by males,
 and mating without performing phonotaxis in females. 3. We empirically
 examined effects of increased predation risk on mate-searching behaviour
 and survival of male and female tree crickets, and their effects on mating
 success, using field-enclosure experiments with tree crickets Oecanthus
 henryi and their primary predator, green lynx spiders, Peucetia viridans.
 Crickets were allocated into three treatments with different levels of
 predation risk. 4. Increased predation risk strongly reduced survival, and
 thereby mating success, for both sexes. With increasing predation risk,
 males reduced calling and increased movement towards neighbouring callers,
 with negative effects on mating success. By comparing with simulated
 random movement, we found that male movement was significantly directed
 towards other calling males, implying a switch to satellite strategies.
 Female movement behaviour, however, remained unaltered. 5. Males and
 females thus differed in their response to comparable levels of predation
 risk, implying that the role of predation as a driver of alternative mate
 search strategies is sex-specific.
description: Data collected to address the question of whether increasing
 predation risk induces alternative reproductive tactics and/or affects
 survival and what consequently affects fitness in male and female
 crickets. Enclosure experiments were performed using 3 different predation
 treatments that varied in the predator-prey ratio maintained across 7
 nights.<br> <br> There are 4 datasets, 2 each for 2 sexes. The
 'arts_females_comm' and 'arts_males_comm' are
 individual-level data per night that include probabilitiy of co-occurrence
 with a spider, mate searching behaviour, survival and matings recorded for
 each individual. These data were used to analyse whether mate searching
 and survival were influenced by the nightly predation risk experienced by
 each individual separately for male and female crickets.<br>
 <br> The other two datasets, 'arts_females_ind_comm' and
 'arts_males_ind_comm' are the same data summarised for each
 individual across the duration they were alive. These data were used to
 analyse whether mating success were influenced by mate searching and
 survival of each individual separately for male and female
 crickets.
description: Female F318 in the dataset arts_females_ind_comm has a missing
 value under body size.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4j0zpc88m
title: Data from: The effect of external flow on the feeding currents of sessile microorganisms

description: Microscopic sessile suspension feeders live attached to surfaces and, by
 consuming bacteria-sized prey and by being consumed, they form an
 important part of aquatic ecosystems. Their environmental impact is
 mediated by their feeding rate, which depends on a self-generated feeding
 current. The feeding rate has been hypothesized to be limited by
 recirculating eddies that cause the  organisms to feed from water
 that is depleted of food particles. However, those results considered
 organisms in still water, while ambient flow is often present in their
 natural habitats. We show, using a point-force model, that even very slow
 ambient flow, with speed several orders of magnitude less than that of the
 self-generated feeding current, is sufficient to disrupt the eddies around
 perpendicular suspension feeders, providing a constant supply of food-rich
 water. However, the feeding rate decreases in external flow at a range of
 non-perpendicular orientations due to the formation of recirculation
 structures not seen in still water. We quantify the feeding flow and
 observe such recirculation experimentally for the suspension feeder
 Vorticella convallaria in external flows typical of streams and
 rivers.
description: Detailed methods are in "The effect of external flow on the
 feeding currents of sessile microorganisms." Included in this dataset
 are Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) flow fields for <em>Vorticella
 convallaria</em> in controlled external flow.  Also included are
 figures showing the correspondence between these measured flow fields and
 a simple point-force model.
description: A summary of the data and instructions on usage is in the
 READ_ME.pdf.
DOI: 10.25338/b8dp6c
title: Data from: The effects of temperature on the kinematics of rattlesnake predatory strikes in both captive and field environments

description: The outcomes of predator-prey interactions between endotherms and
 ectotherms can be heavily influenced by environmental temperature, owing
 to the difference in how body temperature affects locomotor performance.
 However, as elastic energy storage mechanisms can allow ectotherms to
 maintain high levels of performance at cooler body temperatures, detailed
 analyses of kinematics are necessary to fully understand how changes in
 temperature might alter endotherm-ectotherm predator-prey interactions.
 Viperid snakes are widely distributed ectothermic mesopredators that
 interact with endotherms both as predator and prey. Although there are
 numerous studies on the kinematics of viper strikes, surprisingly few have
 analyzed how this rapid movement is affected by temperature. Here we
 studied the effects of temperature on the predatory strike performance of
 rattlesnakes (Crotalus spp.), abundant new world vipers, using both field
 and captive experimental contexts. We found that the effects of
 temperature on predatory strike performance are limited, with warmer
 snakes achieving slightly higher maximum strike acceleration, but similar
 maximum velocity. Our results suggest that, unlike defensive strikes to
 predators, rattlesnakes may not attempt to maximize strike speed when
 attacking prey, and thus the outcomes of predatory strikes may not be
 heavily influenced by changes in temperature.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4x5y7y
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 626 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Calicotome villosa",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 626 records from 69 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002497-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqdj
title: Data on universities offering undergraduate degrees that train students for soil science careers at universities in the USA and its territories

description: Several soil science education studies over the last 15 years have focused
 on the number of students enrolled in soil science programs. However, no
 studies have quantitatively addressed the number of undergraduate soil
 science preparatory programs that exist in the United States, which means
 we do not have solid data concerning whether overall program numbers are
 declining, rising, or holding steady. This also means we do not have
 complete data on the same trends for total undergraduate soil science
 students in the United States. This study used the US Office of Personnel
 Management (OPM) Soil Science Series 0470 standards to determine if a
 bachelor’s degree met soil science preparatory criteria. Lists of the
 approximately 3,500 regionally accredited colleges and universities were
 obtained from the regional accrediting agencies and the website of each of
 the colleges and universities was visited to determine if they had a
 degree program that met the OPM 0470 criteria. A total of 92 soil science
 preparatory degree programs were identified at 86 colleges and
 universities. These programs were primarily linked to 1) agriculture, 2)
 environmental science, and 3) soil and water science based on number of
 degree occurrences. This study creates a baseline for future studies that
 can investigate trends in soil science programs. It also provides insight
 into the institutions and degree programs that should be included in soil
 science education studies.
description: Collected through an online search of course catalogs and other
 related information at universities in the USA. This was a collective
 effort of a group of reserachers, with input from Eric C. Brevik, Holly
 Dolliver, Susan Edinger-Marshall, Danny Itkin, Jodi Johnson-Maynard,
 Garrett Liles, Monday Mbila, Colby Moorberg, Yaniria Sanchez-de Leon,
 Joshua J. Steffan, April Ulery, and Karen Vaughan.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qnk98sfdc
title: The mycorrhizal community of the epiphytic orchid Thrixspermum japonicum is strongly biased toward a single Ceratobasidiaceae fungus, despite a wide range of fungal partners

description: PREMISE: Orchids depend primarily on mycorrhizal fungi to obtain nutrients
 throughout their life cycle. Epiphytic orchids account for 69% of orchid
 diversity. The unstable availability of water and nutrients in their
 arboreal habitats often results in severe water and nutrient stresses.
 Consequently, mycorrhizal associations may be important for the survival
 of epiphytic orchids, but our understanding thereof remains limited. Here,
 we investigated the mycorrhizal community in a single epiphytic orchid
 species, using more samples than in any previous study. METHODS: We
 assessed the mycorrhizal communities of Thrixspermum japonicum, one of the
 most common epiphytic orchids in the temperate region of Japan. In total,
 144 individuals were collected from 28 host tree species at 20 sites
 across 1300 km. The mycorrhizal fungi were identified based on nuclear
 ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences and assigned
 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) based on 97% sequence similarity.
 RESULTS: We obtained 24 OTUs, of which 9 and 15 belonged to the
 Ceratobasidiaceae and Tulasnellaceae, respectively. These OTUs are widely
 distributed throughout the phylogenetic trees of the two fungal families.
 However, a single Ceratobasidiaceae OTU accounted for 49.7% of all fungal
 sequences and was predominant in samples from 15 host tree species and 12
 sites. CONCLUSIONS: Our results imply that despite having a broad range of
 mycorrhizal partners, T. japonicum was predominantly associated with a
 single fungal taxon at most of the sites among the host-tree species
 investigated. These findings contribute to elucidating mycorrhizal
 symbiosis in epiphytic ha
description: The nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences from the three data sets were
 aligned using ClustalW. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using MEGA7.
 The phylogenetic tree was obtained using the maximum likelihood method
 based on the Kimura two-parameter model. To estimate the relative
 robustness of the branches, the bootstrap method was used with 1000
 replicates.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wpzgmsbjh
title: Acquisition of object-robbing and object/food-bartering behaviors: A culturally maintained token economy in free-ranging long-tailed macaques

description: The token exchange paradigm shows that monkeys and great apes are able to
 use objects as symbolic tools to request specific food rewards. Such
 studies provide insights into the cognitive underpinnings of economic
 behavior in non-human primates. However, the ecological validity of these
 lab-based experimental situations tends to be limited. Our field research
 aims to address the need for a more ecologically valid primate model of
 trading systems in humans. Around the Uluwatu Temple in Bali, Indonesia, a
 large free-ranging population of long-tailed macaques spontaneously and
 routinely engage in token-mediated bartering interactions with humans.
 These interactions occur in two phases: after stealing inedible and more
 or less valuable objects from humans, the macaques appear to use them as
 tokens, by returning them to humans in exchange for food. Our field
 observational and experimental data showed (1) age differences in
 robbing/bartering success, indicative of experiential learning, and (2)
 clear behavioral associations between value-based token possession and
 quantity or quality of food rewards rejected and accepted by subadult and
 adult monkeys, suggestive of robbing/bartering payoff maximization and
 economic decision-making. This population-specific, prevalent,
 cross-generational, learned and socially influenced practice may be the
 first example of a culturally maintained token economy in free-ranging
 animals.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0rxwdbrx9
title: The potential for low-grade metamorphism to facilitate fault instability in a geothermal reservoir

description: Swarms of earthquakes during shale gas exploitation in the Changning area
 of the Sichuan Basin indicate that hydraulic fracturing induces seismicity
 both within the target reservoir formation but also to depths of several
 kilometers below the horizontal well. These remote earthquakes are
 possibly triggered by total stress perturbations resulting from the
 hydraulic fracturing. We use a dislocation-based analytical model to
 simulate multistage hydraulic fracturing of three horizontal wells at a
 single well pad to explore the spatiotemporal evolution of the total
 stress perturbations. Results show that the number and distribution of
 fracturing stages affect both the distribution and magnitude of stress
 changes and that the stress change diminishes with distance. The undrained
 injection-induced stress change is less than 10-3 MPa at distances ≥1 km
 for single-stage fracturing but reach 10-1 MPa for multistage fracturing
 of 30 stages in all three wells. Undrained stress changes scale linearly
 with the magnitude of fluid leak-off into the formation – halving the
 effective fracture width halves the induced stress magnitudes and with an
 identical distribution – limiting the potential for fault reactivation.
 Scaling analysis for pressure diffusion distal from the reservoir
 indicates that the short-term (days to weeks) impact is indeed essentially
 undrained. Estimates for long-term reservoir depletion (months to years)
 identify a similar induced stress signal of opposite sign but with similar
 Coulomb potential for reactivation in the long term. Such magnitudes of
 Coulomb stress changes suggest the possibility of fault reactivation on
 deep critically-stressed faults at kilometer separation from the injection
 both in the short term due to stimulation and in the long term as a result
 of reservoir depletion.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pg4f4qrm8
title: The degree of spatial variation relative to temporal variation influences evolution of dispersal

description: In the face of ongoing global climate an land use change, organisms have
 multiple possibilities to cope with the modification of their environment.
 The two main possibilities are to either adapt locall or disperse to a
 more suitable habitat. The evolution of both local adaptation and
 dispersal interacts and can be influenced by the spatial and temporal
 variation (of e.g. temperature or precipitation). In an individual based
 model (IBM), we explore evolution of phenotypes in landscapes with varying
 degree of spatial relative to global temporal variation in order to
 examine it's influence on the evolution of dispersal, niche optimum
 and niche width. The relationship between temporal and spatial variation
 did neither influence the evolution of local adaptation in the niche
 optimum nor of niche widths. Dispersal probability is highly influenced by
 the spatio-temporal relationship: with increasing spatial variation,
 dispersal probability decreases. Additionally, the shape of the
 distribution of the trait values over patch attributes switches from hump-
 to U-shaped. At low spatial variance more individuals emigrate from
 average habitats, at high spatial variance more from extreme habitats. The
 comparatively high dispersal probability in extreme patches of landscapes
 with a high spatial variation can be explained by evolutionary succession
 of two kinds of adaptive response. Early in the simulations, extreme
 patches in landscapes with a high spatial variability act as sink
 habitats, where population persistence depends on highly dispersive
 individuals with a wide niche. With ongoing evolution, local adaptation of
 the remaining individuals takes over, but simultaneously a possible
 bet-hedging strategy promotes higher dispersal probabilities in those
 habitats. Here, in generations that experience extreme shifts from the
 temporal mean of the patch attribute, the expected fitness becomes higher
 for dispersing individuals than for philopatric individuals. This means
 under certain circumstances, both local adaptation and high dispersal
 probability can be selected for.
description: This dataset contains the results of an IBM for several
 parameters.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0rxwdbrxb
title: Winds at departure shape seasonal patterns of nocturnal bird migration over the North Sea

description: On their migratory journeys, terrestrial birds can come across large
 inhospitable areas with limited opportunities to rest and refuel. Flight
 over these areas poses a risk especially when wind conditions en route are
 adverse, in which case inhospitable areas can act as an ecological barrier
 for terrestrial migrants. Thus, within the East-Atlantic flyway, the North
 Sea can function as an ecological barrier. The main aim of this study was
 to shed light on seasonal patterns of bird migration in the southern North
 Sea and determine whether departure decisions on nights of intense
 migration were related to increased wind assistance. We measured migration
 characteristics with a radar that was located 18 km off the NW Dutch coast
 and used simulation models to infer potential departure locations of birds
 on nights with intense nocturnal bird migration. We calculated headings,
 track directions, airspeeds, groundspeeds on weak and intense migration
 nights in both seasons and compared speeds between seasons. Moreover, we
 tested if departure decisions on intense migration nights were associated
 with supportive winds. Our results reveal that on the intense migration
 nights in spring, the mean heading was towards E, and birds departed
 predominantly from the UK. On intense migration nights in autumn, the
 majority of birds departed from Denmark, Germany and north of the
 Netherlands with the mean heading towards SW. Prevailing winds from WSW at
 departure were supportive of a direct crossing of the North Sea in spring.
 However, in autumn winds were generally not supportive, which is why many
 birds exploited positive wind assistance which occurred on intense
 migration nights. This implies that the seasonal wind regimes over the
 North Sea alter its migratory dynamics which is reflected in headings,
 timing and intensity of migration.
description: The data published is not the data collected by the radar used in
 the related study. The radar data is the ownership of private companies
 and therefore cannot be shared with general public without permission. To
 obtain the data as recorded by the radar, please contact Ruben Fijn
 (r.c.fijn@buwa.nl). The data provided here is the
 output of a trajectory model described in the related study and it
 represents wind conditions and bird migration information at estimated
 bird departure areas. Additional information is
 available in the attached readme.txt file.