cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/ewvysz
title: Cartilaginous fish diversity in the Western Visayas, Philippines, including two putative unidentified species and the first record of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Cabebe-Barnuevo, Roxanne, Penuela, Dianne Frances, Delloro Jr., Emmanuel S., Babaran, Ricardo P., Motomura, Hiroyuki, Malay, Maria Celia D. (2025): Cartilaginous fish diversity in the Western Visayas, Philippines, including two putative unidentified species and the first record of Carcharhinus plumbeus (Elasmobranchii: Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae). Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 55: 51-75, DOI: 10.3897/aiep.55.139721AbstractThis annotated checklist documents the diversity of cartilaginous fishes, including sharks, batoids (rays and skates), and chimaeras, from Panay and Guimaras islands, Western Visayas, Philippines, through surveys at fish markets and ports. A total of fourteen species were sampled and identified, including one chimaera, six sharks, and seven batoids from ten families (Chimaeridae, Hemiscylliidae, Scyliorhinidae, Carcharhinidae, Pristiophoridae, Rhinobatidae, Plesiobatidae, Urolophidae, Dasyatidae, and Aetobatidae). Among these, the presence of the sandbar shark, Carcharhinus plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) in Philippine waters is confirmed for the first time, whereas a potential unidentified batoid species within the genera Himantura Müller et Henle, 1837 and Urolophus Müller et Henle, 1837 are reported. The twelve nominal taxa described herein include three species classified as Least Concern, five are Near Threatened, two Vulnerable, one Endangered, and one is Critically Endangered as per the IUCN Red List assessments. These documented species supplement recent inventories, expanding our knowledge on the diversity and distribution of cartilaginous fishes in the region and country, while also providing comprehensive morphological descriptions, validated molecular data, and curated voucher specimens for future reference.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30957509
title: On-device benchmark and robustness results for lightweight CNNs on MangoLeafDB/MangoLeafDB-C

description: This Figshare item provides the consolidated, paper-ready artifacts supporting the manuscript “A Comparative Analysis of Lightweight CNNs for Robust and Efficient Mango Leaf Disease Classification”. It includes final figures (PDF), on-device benchmark outputs (JSON) reporting latency statistics (including P90) and throughput for multiple devices (Android smartphones and Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W) using TensorFlow Lite (CPU), robustness results on the MangoLeafDB-C corruption benchmark (JSON/XLSX), clean accuracy summary, and the exported model files (.tflite/.keras) with size summaries. Datasets are not redistributed; MangoLeafDB is available on Kaggle and MangoLeafDB-C can be generated using the provided corruption scripts referenced in the repository.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30957509.v1
title: On-device benchmark and robustness results for lightweight CNNs on MangoLeafDB/MangoLeafDB-C

description: This Figshare item provides the consolidated, paper-ready artifacts supporting the manuscript “A Comparative Analysis of Lightweight CNNs for Robust and Efficient Mango Leaf Disease Classification”. It includes final figures (PDF), on-device benchmark outputs (JSON) reporting latency statistics (including P90) and throughput for multiple devices (Android smartphones and Raspberry Pi Zero 2 W) using TensorFlow Lite (CPU), robustness results on the MangoLeafDB-C corruption benchmark (JSON/XLSX), clean accuracy summary, and the exported model files (.tflite/.keras) with size summaries. Datasets are not redistributed; MangoLeafDB is available on Kaggle and MangoLeafDB-C can be generated using the provided corruption scripts referenced in the repository.
DOI: 10.15468/gmh6bn
title: Revision of the leachella group of Megachile subgenus Eutricharaea in the Western Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae): A renewed plea for DNA barcoding type material

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Praz, Christophe J., Benon, Dimitri (2023): Revision of the leachella group of Megachile subgenus Eutricharaea in the Western Palaearctic (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae): A renewed plea for DNA barcoding type material. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 95: 143-198, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96796, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.96796
DOI: 10.15468/dl.r4r2fd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 28218 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Glycyrrhiza"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 28218 records from 559 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0066547-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/afjtrh
title: High and dry: integrative taxonomy of the Andean spider genus Nerudia (Araneae: Pholcidae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Huber, Bernhard A., Meng, Guanliang, Král, Jiří, Ávila Herrera, Ivalú M., Izquierdo, Matias A., Carvalho, Leonardo S. (2023): High and dry: integrative taxonomy of the Andean spider genus Nerudia (Araneae: Pholcidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198: 534-591, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac100
DOI: 10.15468/gc3c2t
title: The genera Mouffetina Frey and Trichosia Winnertz (Diptera, Sciaridae) in Japan with a key for the Japanese species and an updated world checklist

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Sutou, Mitsuaki, Menzel, Frank (2025): The genera Mouffetina Frey and Trichosia Winnertz (Diptera, Sciaridae) in Japan with a key for the Japanese species and an updated world checklist. Contributions to Entomology 75 (1): 167-182, DOI: 10.3897/contrib.entomol.75.e145605AbstractTaxonomy of the genera Mouffetina Frey and Trichosia Winnertz of black fungus gnats in Japan is studied. Seven new species, M. duopalpus sp. nov., T. stylofornix sp. nov., T. fumoranea sp. nov., T. basiconstricta sp. nov., T. paraborealis sp. nov., T. comprimera sp. nov., and T. montaclaria sp. nov. are described, and six species T. scotica, T. conglobata, T. acrotricha, T. hypertricha, T. lengersdorfi and T. edwardsi are newly recorded from Japan. This study records the species of Mouffetina from Japan for the first time, and increases the number of known Japanese Trichosia from only one species to thirteen species. Intraspecific morphological variability of the widely distributed species is discussed. The larva of T. conglobata is described in detail, and its morphology compared with larvae of other genera of black fungus gnats. Updated world checklist is attached to overview the diversity of the members of these genera.
DOI: 10.15468/ayp6jk
title: Further notes on the genu Naarda Walker, 1866 of Taiwan with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Hypeninae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Wu, Shipher, Owada, Mamoru (2022): Further notes on the genu Naarda Walker, 1866 of Taiwan with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Hypeninae). Zootaxa 5138 (5): 591-596, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5138.5.7
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14304945
title: BITCOIN Historical Datasets 2018-2025 Binance API
DOI: 10.15468/s9kje3
title: The arboreal snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) of Southeast Asia: 1. Molecular systematics of some Vietnamese species and related species from Cambodia, Indonesia, and Laos

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Jirapatrasilp, Parin, Huang, Chih-Wei, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Lee, Chi-Tse (2024): The arboreal snail genus Amphidromus Albers, 1850 (Eupulmonata, Camaenidae) of Southeast Asia: 1. Molecular systematics of some Vietnamese species and related species from Cambodia, Indonesia, and Laos. ZooKeys 1196: 15-78, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.112146, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.112146
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14304948
title: Ethereum Price Data Binance API (2017–Now)
DOI: 10.15468/6vja5t
title: Astata Latreille, 1796 (Hymenoptera, Astatidae) from Africa, south of the Sahara

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Jacobs, Hans-Joachim (2023): Astata Latreille, 1796 (Hymenoptera, Astatidae) from Africa, south of the Sahara. Contributions to Entomology 73 (2): 251-267, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/contrib.entomol.73.e107780, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/contrib.entomol.73.e107780
DOI: 10.15468/324ytc
title: Taxonomic review of the millipede genus Touranella Attems, 1937, with a redescription of the type species, T. gracilis Attems, 1937, and descriptions of three new species from Laos (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Likhitrakarn, Natdanai, Golovatch, Sergei I., Inkhavilay, Khamla, Panha, Somsak, Sutcharit, Chirasak (2025): Taxonomic review of the millipede genus Touranella Attems, 1937, with a redescription of the type species, T. gracilis Attems, 1937, and descriptions of three new species from Laos (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae). ZooKeys 1238: 183-208, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.147550AbstractThe flat-back millipede genus Touranella Attems, 1937 is currently comprised of 13 species, including three new ones from Laos: T. chenla Likhitrakarn, sp. nov., T. srisonchaii Likhitrakarn, sp. nov., and T. jaegeri Likhitrakarn, sp. nov. The generic diagnosis is updated, a key is given to all known species, and their distributions are mapped. Additionally, T. gracilis, the type species of Touranella from Vietnam, has been redescribed and illustrated based on type specimens.
DOI: 10.15468/5n9ubv
title: Chlamyphoridae

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original book chapter Russell A. Mittermeier, Don E. Wilson (2018): Chlamyphoridae. In: Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions: 48-71, ISBN: 978-84-16728-08-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6623975
DOI: 10.15468/pntw47
title: Revision of the Traumatomutilla quadrinotata species-group (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae, Sphaeropthalminae): new synonyms, sex associations, and a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Bartholomay, Pedro R., Williams, Kevin A., Cambra, Roberto A., Lopez, Vinícius M., Oliveira, Marcio L. (2025): Revision of the Traumatomutilla quadrinotata species-group (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae, Sphaeropthalminae): new synonyms, sex associations, and a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 995: 1-75, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.995.2913, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2913/13193Abstract. The Traumatomutilla quadrinotata species-group is reviewed, leaving it with six species known from both sexes, four known from females only and two known from males only. The following junior synonyms are proposed: Traumatomutilla austera (Gerstaecker, 1874) [= Mutilla sigillata Gerstaecker, 1874 syn. nov.]; T. chrysozona (Gerstaecker, 1874) [= Mutilla lugubrina Dalla Torre, 1897 syn. nov.; = Ephuta dives André, 1906 syn. nov.]; T. quadripustulata (Klug, 1821) [= M. pruinosa Smith, 1855 syn. nov.; = M. maraca Cresson, 1902 syn. nov.]; T. sancta (Gerstaecker, 1874) [= M. solemnis Cresson, 1902 syn. nov.]; T. incerta (Spinola, 1841) [= M. dentata Smith, 1879 syn. nov.; = M. sodalicia Kohl, 1882 syn. nov.; = T. tabatinga Casal, 1969 syn. nov.; = T. dignitosa Mickel, 1952 syn. nov.]; T. pompiliformis (Gerstaekcer, 1874) [= M. serra Cresson, 1902 syn. nov.]; T. infernalis (Gerstaecker, 1874) [= M. floccosa Gerstaecker, 1874 syn. nov.]. The hitherto undescribed males of T. ameliae Casal, 1969 and T. quadrinotata (Klug, 1821), are fully described and illustrated. A new species, T. tetratrauma Bartholomay & Williams sp. nov., is described based on couples from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. All previously described species are redescribed and illustrated. Identification keys for males, females, and known color forms are also provided.
DOI: 10.15468/n16trf
title: Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana.

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article LaPolla, J. S., Sosa-Calvo, J. (2006): Review of the ant genus Rogeria (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Guyana. Zootaxa 1330: 59-68, URL: http://antbase.org/ants/publications/21125/21125.pdfAbstractThe myrmicine ant genus Rogeria in Guyana is reviewed. Using previously published records, older collections, and collections from recent leaf litter ant survey work, nine Rogeria species are now known from Guyana, with another two species that probably also occur in Guyana. Among these eleven species, a new species, R. tsumani, is here described, and four of them, including the new species, are new records for Guyana. A key to the species found in Guyana is provided, along with illustrations of all 11 species.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jjfw9y
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "ScientificName is Erebia eurydale",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters is less than or equal to 1000",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1970",
 "Country is one of (Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Slovenia, France)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0066549-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/krycjd
title: A taxonomic study of Cheiloneurus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) from China

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Wang, Haiyang, Cui, Wenyu, Xi, Chunxiang, Cao, Xinyu, Li, Weiqiong, Zu, Guohao (2024): A taxonomic study of Cheiloneurus Westwood (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae) from China. ZooKeys 1198: 143-172, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1198.118944
DOI: 10.15468/zgbzaa
title: Identification key for chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) infesting the Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) with one new country record and new host record for Saudi Arabia

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Nasser, Mohamed, Al-Ahmed, Azzam, Shobrak, Mohammed, Aldryhim, Yousif (2015): Identification key for chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera, Ischnocera) infesting the Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus) with one new country record and new host record for Saudi Arabia. Turkish Journal of Zoology 39 (1): 88-94, DOI: 10.3906/zoo-1312-44, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1312-44Abstract: The amblyceran and ischnoceran lice removed from the Indian Peafowl (Pavo cristatus L.) collected at the Riyadh bird market, and other specimens available in the King Saud University Museum of Arthropods, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, were identified. Amyrsidea minuta Emerson, a new country record, and Goniodes dissimilis Denny were found infesting the Indian Peafowl in Saudi Arabia. Goniodes dissimilis is recorded for the first time from this bird species, along with Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch), the well-known chicken body louse. All previous records of the 12 species of chewing louse reported from the Indian Peafowl are reviewed. An identification key for the 13 species is given with taxonomic notes. Additionally, a new photo-editing technique for chewing louse images is noted.
DOI: 10.15468/b65sfk
title: Acotylea (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida) from the southern and western Iberian Peninsula, with the description of five new species

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Pérez-García, Patricia, Gouveia, Filipa, Calado, Gonçalo, Noreña, Carolina, Cervera, Juan Lucas (2024): Acotylea (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida) from the southern and western Iberian Peninsula, with the description of five new species. Zoosystematics and Evolution 100 (4): 1487-1513, DOI: 10.3897/zse.100.128211AbstractMost of the European polyclad species were described after material was collected from the Gulf of Naples, Italy, which was compiled in the renowned monograph of Arnold Lang in 1884. On the other hand, little is known about the diversity of flatworms in the Iberian Peninsula, with 49 recorded species, which are mainly registered in the northern coast of Spain. Moreover, polyclads in Portugal have never been studied before. In our study, specimens of 13 species of acotylean flatworms were collected from the southern and western Atlantic coasts of the Iberian Peninsula. All of the species included here are well documented with colour pictures and histological sections. The geographical distribution of the known species has been updated. Five of the collected species are new to science: Stylochus erytheius sp. nov., S. marimarensis sp. nov., Plehnia cascaisensis sp. nov., Izmira lusitanica sp. nov., and Emprosthopharynx onubensis sp. nov.
DOI: 10.15468/fwmukz
title: A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Carrion-Bonilla, Carlos Alberto, Cook, Joseph Anthony (2020): A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis. Therya 11 (3): 508-532, DOI: 10.12933/therya-20-999, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12933/therya-20-999
DOI: 10.15468/ekrtuc
title: Two new species of Platynectes Régimbart, 1879 from China with notes on other Chinese members of the genus, including a key to species (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Agabinae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Jiang, Zhuo-Yin, Zhao, Shuang, Jia, Feng-Long, Šťastný, Jaroslav (2023): Two new species of Platynectes Régimbart, 1879 from China with notes on other Chinese members of the genus, including a key to species (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Agabinae). Zootaxa 5227 (4): 401-425, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.4.1AbstractTwo new Platynectes species, P. maizuqii sp. nov. from Guangdong and P. pangu sp. nov. from Yunnan, are described. New records are provided for the following species: P. davidorum Hájek, Alarie, Šťastný & Vondráček, 2019 from Jiangxi, P. dissimilis (Sharp, 1873) from Guangxi, P. gemellatus Šťastný, 2003 from Hunan and Zhejiang, P. kashmiranus lemberki Šťastný, 2003 from Xizang and P. nanlingensis Šťastný, 2003 from Jiangxi. Additional records are also given for most other Chinese species. Platynectes kashmiranus kashmiranus J. Balfour-Browne, 1944 is removed from the Chinese fauna. The habitus of all and the male genitalia of most species are illustrated. An updated key to all Chinese species of Platynectes is provided.
DOI: 10.15468/yjdbr9
title: A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Shattuck, S. O. (2009): A revision the Australian species of the ant genus Myrmecina (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zootaxa 2146: 1-21, URL: http://hol.osu.edu/reference-full.html?id=22782AbstractThe Australian species belonging to the ant genus Myrmecina are revised. The genus was found to contain thirteen species, eleven of which are described here for the first time. The species include M. alpina sp. n., M. australis Wheeler and Wheeler, M. difficulta sp. n., M. eruga sp. n., M. inaequala sp. n., M. pumila sp. n., M. rugosa Forel, M. silvalaeva sp. n., M. silvampla sp. n., M. silvangula sp. n., M. silvarugosa sp. n., M. silvatransversa sp. n. and M. wesselensis sp. n. The majority of species are found in coastal Queensland with two also occurring in eastern New South Wales and one restricted to the Northern Territory. Several species are known from very limited regions and one is only known to occur above approximately 1000m, making these some of the most restricted and high-elevation specialist ants known from Australia.Key words: Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae, Myrmecina, taxonomy, new species, Australia
DOI: 10.15468/dl.v4mena
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 792775 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Platalea ajaja",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-180 -90, 180 -90, 180 90, -180 90, -180 -90))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 792775 records from 227 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0066538-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hen3jr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 32 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is South America",
 "Country is Colombia",
 "TaxonKey is Magnolia polyhypsophylla (Lozano) Govaerts"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 32 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0059046-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.8oxznb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 750 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "or" : [
 "Country is United States of America",
 "Country is Chile"
 ]
 },
 "TaxonKey is Amblyopappus Hook. & Arn."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 750 records from 21 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0015556-180508205500799/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ufkghz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2722 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "or" : [
 "TaxonKey is Amphibia",
 "TaxonKey is Aves",
 "TaxonKey is Insecta",
 "TaxonKey is Reptilia",
 "TaxonKey is Mammalia",
 "TaxonKey is Chilopoda",
 "TaxonKey is Diplopoda",
 "TaxonKey is Arachnida"
 ]
 },
 {
 "or" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "BasisOfRecord is Observation",
 "BasisOfRecord is Machine Observation"
 ]
 },
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than or equal to 85.000000",
 "DecimalLongitude is less than 90.000000",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than or equal to 50.000000",
 "DecimalLatitude is less than 55.000000",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2000",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2018"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2722 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001914-180730143533302/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mq2zph
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 47 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791)",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 47 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001914-180925134338326/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.