DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3nj1k8s
title: Data from: Tooth replacement in basal sarcopterygians

description: Teeth were an important innovation in vertebrate evolution but basic
 aspects of early dental evolution remain poorly understood. Teeth differ
 from other odontode organs, like scales, in their organised, sequential
 pattern of replacement. However, tooth replacement patterns also vary
 between the major groups of jawed vertebrates. Although, tooth replacement
 in stem- osteichthyans and extant species has been intensively studied it
 has been difficult to resolve scenarios for the evolution of osteichthyan
 tooth replacement because of a dearth of evidence from living and fossil
 sarcopterygian fishes. Here we provide new anatomical data informing
 patterns of tooth replacement in the Devonian sarcopterygian fishes
 Onychodus, Eusthenopteron and Tiktaalik and the living coelacanth
 Latimeria based on microfocus- and synchrotron radiation-based X-Ray
 microtomography. Early sarcopterygians generated replacement teeth on the
 jaw surface in a pattern similar to stem-osteichthyans, with damaged teeth
 resorbed and replacement teeth developed on the surface of the bone.
 However, resorption grades and development of replacement teeth vary
 spatially and temporally within the jaw. Particularly in Onychodus, where
 teeth were also shed through anterior rotation and resorption of bone at
 the base of the parasymphyseal tooth whorl, with new teeth added
 posteriorly. As tooth whorls are also present in more stem-osteichthyans,
 and statodont tooth whorls are present among acanthodians (putative
 stem-chondrichthyans), rotational replacement of the anterior dentition
 may be a stem-osteichthyan character. Thus, our data are compatible with a
 disparate pattern of evolution of tooth replacement and more complex
 evolutionary history of jawed vertebrates.
description: MDXR01a_Onychodus_maxillaOnychodus jandemarrai left maxilla (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMDXR01d_Onychodus_maxilla_ROI_part1Onychodus jandemarrai maxilla (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMDXR01d_Onychodus_maxilla_ROI_part2Onychodus jandemarrai maxilla (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMDXR01d_Onychodus_maxilla_ROI_part3Onychodus jandemarrai maxilla (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMDXR02a_Onychodus_dentary_part1Onychodus jandemarrai dentary (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMDXR02a_Onychodus_dentary_part2Onychodus jandemarrai dentary (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMDXR02b_Onychodus_dentary_ROIOnychodus jandemarrai dentary (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMDXR03_Onychodus_ectopterygoidOnychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataMR153a_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part1Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMR153a_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part2Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part3Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMR153a_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part4Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMR153a_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part5Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMR153a_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part6Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMR153a_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part7Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMR153a_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part8Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part1Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part2Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part3MDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part4Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part5Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part6Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part7Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part8Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_2b_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part9Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part1Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part2Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part3Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part4Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part5Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part6Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part7Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part8Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part9Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_6c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part10Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part1Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part2Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part3Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part4Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part5Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part6Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part7Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part8Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part9Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part10Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part11Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part12Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_10c_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part13Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part1Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part2Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part3Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part4Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part5Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part6Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part7Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part8Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part9Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part10Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part11Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part12Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part13Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataMDXR03_16_Onychodus_ectopterygoid_synchrotron_part14Onychodus jandemarrai ectopterygoid (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) SRXTM dataXMR3a_Onychodus_tooth_whorlOnychodus jandemarrai parasymphyseal tooth whorl (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataXMR3b_Onychodus_tooth_whorlOnychodus jandemarrai parasymphyseal tooth whorl (NHMUK PV P63570, Frasnian, Gogo Formation, Western Australia) micro-CT dataEfoordi1_Eusthenopteron_lower_jawEusthenopteron foordi lower jaw (NRM-PAL P.35, Frasnian, Escuminac Formation, Miguasha National Park, Canada) micro-CT dataMDXR05a_Eusthenopteron_lower_jawEusthenopteron foordi lower jaw (NRM-PAL P.35, Frasnian, Escuminac Formation, Miguasha National Park, Canada) micro-CT dataTiktaalik_dentary_part1Tiktaalik roseae lower jaw (NUFV666, Frasnian, Fram Formation, Nunavut territory, Canada) micro-CT dataTiktaalik_dentary_part2Tiktaalik roseae lower jaw (NUFV666, Frasnian, Fram Formation, Nunavut territory, Canada) micro-CT dataTiktaalik_dentary_part3Tiktaalik roseae lower jaw (NUFV666, Frasnian, Fram Formation, Nunavut territory, Canada) micro-CT dataTiktaalik_dentary_part4Tiktaalik roseae lower jaw (NUFV666, Frasnian, Fram Formation, Nunavut territory, Canada) micro-CT dataTiktaalik_dentary_part5Tiktaalik roseae lower jaw (NUFV666, Frasnian, Fram Formation, Nunavut territory, Canada) micro-CT data