cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3886/e128221v1-74020
title: District principal evaluation policies and superintendent sensemaking

description: Almost every state in the U.S. has revamped their principal evaluation policies since 2009, yet we know little about how they are implemented. Based on interviews and document analysis in 21 small and medium-sized school districts, we found that superintendents’ sensemaking shaped their implementation of policy. Drawing on their beliefs about principals and evaluation and their understanding of their district context, superintendents in lower-performing districts reported that they complied with the processes specified in state principal evaluation policies but strayed from state guidelines regarding maintaining a focus on instructional leadership during evaluation. In contrast, superintendents of higher-performing districts reported that they implemented evaluation processes loosely but adhered to their state’s policy emphasis on instructional leadership. Our findings raise questions about whether the implementation of principal evaluation policies disadvantages principals in lower-performing districts. We thus caution against attaching high-stakes consequences such as incentive pay or sanctions to these policies.
description: n/a
description: Response Rates: n/a
description: Presence of Common Scales: n/a
description: face-to-face interview; other; telephone interview; Data include qualitative interviews of superintendents and rubrics used to evaluate the leadership practices of principals in the sample of districts. Interview data were collected through in-person interviews of 60-90 minutes in most cases. Rubrics were coded by trained raters. See paper for more detail.
description: purposive
DOI: 10.3886/e128221v1-74021
title: District principal evaluation policies and superintendent sensemaking

description: Almost every state in the U.S. has revamped their principal evaluation policies since 2009, yet we know little about how they are implemented. Based on interviews and document analysis in 21 small and medium-sized school districts, we found that superintendents’ sensemaking shaped their implementation of policy. Drawing on their beliefs about principals and evaluation and their understanding of their district context, superintendents in lower-performing districts reported that they complied with the processes specified in state principal evaluation policies but strayed from state guidelines regarding maintaining a focus on instructional leadership during evaluation. In contrast, superintendents of higher-performing districts reported that they implemented evaluation processes loosely but adhered to their state’s policy emphasis on instructional leadership. Our findings raise questions about whether the implementation of principal evaluation policies disadvantages principals in lower-performing districts. We thus caution against attaching high-stakes consequences such as incentive pay or sanctions to these policies.
description: n/a
description: Response Rates: n/a
description: Presence of Common Scales: n/a
description: face-to-face interview; other; telephone interview; Data include qualitative interviews of superintendents and rubrics used to evaluate the leadership practices of principals in the sample of districts. Interview data were collected through in-person interviews of 60-90 minutes in most cases. Rubrics were coded by trained raters. See paper for more detail.
description: purposive
DOI: 10.3886/e128221v1-74022
title: District principal evaluation policies and superintendent sensemaking

description: Almost every state in the U.S. has revamped their principal evaluation policies since 2009, yet we know little about how they are implemented. Based on interviews and document analysis in 21 small and medium-sized school districts, we found that superintendents’ sensemaking shaped their implementation of policy. Drawing on their beliefs about principals and evaluation and their understanding of their district context, superintendents in lower-performing districts reported that they complied with the processes specified in state principal evaluation policies but strayed from state guidelines regarding maintaining a focus on instructional leadership during evaluation. In contrast, superintendents of higher-performing districts reported that they implemented evaluation processes loosely but adhered to their state’s policy emphasis on instructional leadership. Our findings raise questions about whether the implementation of principal evaluation policies disadvantages principals in lower-performing districts. We thus caution against attaching high-stakes consequences such as incentive pay or sanctions to these policies.
description: n/a
description: Response Rates: n/a
description: Presence of Common Scales: n/a
description: face-to-face interview; other; telephone interview; Data include qualitative interviews of superintendents and rubrics used to evaluate the leadership practices of principals in the sample of districts. Interview data were collected through in-person interviews of 60-90 minutes in most cases. Rubrics were coded by trained raters. See paper for more detail.
description: purposive
DOI: 10.3886/e128221v1-74040
title: District principal evaluation policies and superintendent sensemaking

description: Almost every state in the U.S. has revamped their principal evaluation policies since 2009, yet we know little about how they are implemented. Based on interviews and document analysis in 21 small and medium-sized school districts, we found that superintendents’ sensemaking shaped their implementation of policy. Drawing on their beliefs about principals and evaluation and their understanding of their district context, superintendents in lower-performing districts reported that they complied with the processes specified in state principal evaluation policies but strayed from state guidelines regarding maintaining a focus on instructional leadership during evaluation. In contrast, superintendents of higher-performing districts reported that they implemented evaluation processes loosely but adhered to their state’s policy emphasis on instructional leadership. Our findings raise questions about whether the implementation of principal evaluation policies disadvantages principals in lower-performing districts. We thus caution against attaching high-stakes consequences such as incentive pay or sanctions to these policies.
description: n/a
description: Response Rates: n/a
description: Presence of Common Scales: n/a
description: face-to-face interview; other; telephone interview; Data include qualitative interviews of superintendents and rubrics used to evaluate the leadership practices of principals in the sample of districts. Interview data were collected through in-person interviews of 60-90 minutes in most cases. Rubrics were coded by trained raters. See paper for more detail.
description: purposive
DOI: 10.17188/1280880
title: Materials Data on CrC5SO7 by Materials Project

description: CrC5SO7 is alpha-like structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pna2_1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight CrC5SO7 clusters. Cr3+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to five C+2.60+ and one S2- atom. There are a spread of Cr–C bond distances ranging from 1.91–1.94 Å. The Cr–S bond length is 2.25 Å. There are five inequivalent C+2.60+ sites. In the first C+2.60+ site, C+2.60+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cr3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the second C+2.60+ site, C+2.60+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Cr3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.15 Å. In the third C+2.60+ site, C+2.60+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cr3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. In the fourth C+2.60+ site, C+2.60+ is bonded in a linear geometry to one Cr3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.15 Å. In the fifth C+2.60+ site, C+2.60+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to one Cr3+ and one O2- atom. The C–O bond length is 1.16 Å. S2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Cr3+ and two O2- atoms. Both S–O bond lengths are 1.45 Å. There are seven inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+2.60+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+2.60+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+2.60+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+2.60+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one C+2.60+ atom.
DOI: 10.3886/e128221v1-74060
title: District principal evaluation policies and superintendent sensemaking

description: Almost every state in the U.S. has revamped their principal evaluation policies since 2009, yet we know little about how they are implemented. Based on interviews and document analysis in 21 small and medium-sized school districts, we found that superintendents’ sensemaking shaped their implementation of policy. Drawing on their beliefs about principals and evaluation and their understanding of their district context, superintendents in lower-performing districts reported that they complied with the processes specified in state principal evaluation policies but strayed from state guidelines regarding maintaining a focus on instructional leadership during evaluation. In contrast, superintendents of higher-performing districts reported that they implemented evaluation processes loosely but adhered to their state’s policy emphasis on instructional leadership. Our findings raise questions about whether the implementation of principal evaluation policies disadvantages principals in lower-performing districts. We thus caution against attaching high-stakes consequences such as incentive pay or sanctions to these policies.
description: n/a
description: Response Rates: n/a
description: Presence of Common Scales: n/a
description: face-to-face interview; other; telephone interview; Data include qualitative interviews of superintendents and rubrics used to evaluate the leadership practices of principals in the sample of districts. Interview data were collected through in-person interviews of 60-90 minutes in most cases. Rubrics were coded by trained raters. See paper for more detail.
description: purposive
DOI: 10.17188/1280881
title: Materials Data on Th6FeBr15 by Materials Project

description: Th6FeBr15 crystallizes in the cubic Im-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of two Th6FeBr15 frameworks. Th is bonded to one Fe and five Br atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ThFeBr5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. The Th–Fe bond length is 2.77 Å. There are four shorter (2.94 Å) and one longer (3.05 Å) Th–Br bond lengths. Fe is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six equivalent Th atoms. There are two inequivalent Br sites. In the first Br site, Br is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent Th atoms. In the second Br site, Br is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Th atoms.
DOI: 10.17188/1280882
title: Materials Data on NbClF8 by Materials Project

description: NbClF8 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pcca space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of two NbClF8 ribbons oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. Nb is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six F atoms. There are a spread of Nb–F bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.03 Å. Cl is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four F atoms. There is two shorter (1.63 Å) and two longer (2.20 Å) Cl–F bond length. There are four inequivalent F sites. In the first F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. In the second F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Nb atom. In the third F site, F is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one Nb and one Cl atom. In the fourth F site, F is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Nb atom.
DOI: 10.17188/1280883
title: Materials Data on CaMgSiO4 by Materials Project

description: CaMgSiO4 is Ilmenite-derived structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Ca2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted CaO6 octahedra that share corners with four equivalent CaO6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent MgO6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent SiO4 tetrahedra, edges with two equivalent MgO6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 56–64°. There are a spread of Ca–O bond distances ranging from 2.31–2.51 Å. Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with four equivalent CaO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent SiO4 tetrahedra, edges with two equivalent CaO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent SiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 56–64°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.10–2.21 Å. Si4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent MgO6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent CaO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one CaO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 50–65°. There are a spread of Si–O bond distances ranging from 1.63–1.67 Å. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to two equivalent Ca2+, one Mg2+, and one Si4+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Ca2+, two equivalent Mg2+, and one Si4+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to one Ca2+, two equivalent Mg2+, and one Si4+ atom.
DOI: 10.17188/1280884
title: Materials Data on Mo6PbBr14 by Materials Project

description: Mo6PbBr14 crystallizes in the cubic Pn-3 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Mo2+ is bonded to five Br1- atoms to form MoBr5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one PbBr6 octahedra and edges with four equivalent MoBr5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 52°. There are a spread of Mo–Br bond distances ranging from 2.61–2.66 Å. Pb2+ is bonded to six equivalent Br1- atoms to form PbBr6 octahedra that share corners with six equivalent MoBr5 square pyramids. All Pb–Br bond lengths are 3.10 Å. There are three inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Mo2+ atoms. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Mo2+ atoms. In the third Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one Mo2+ and one Pb2+ atom.
DOI: 10.17188/1280886
title: Materials Data on FeSCl7 by Materials Project

description: FeCl4SCl3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four tetrachloroiron molecules and four SCl3 clusters. In each SCl3 cluster, S4+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Cl1- atoms. There are one shorter (2.02 Å) and two longer (2.03 Å) S–Cl bond lengths. There are three inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S4+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S4+ atom. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S4+ atom.
DOI: 10.17188/1280887
title: Materials Data on K2Ca(CO3)2 by Materials Project

description: K2Ca(CO3)2 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. K1+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine equivalent O2- atoms. There are six shorter (2.86 Å) and three longer (3.07 Å) K–O bond lengths. Ca2+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six equivalent O2- atoms. All Ca–O bond lengths are 2.34 Å. C4+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three equivalent O2- atoms. All C–O bond lengths are 1.30 Å. O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three equivalent K1+, one Ca2+, and one C4+ atom.
DOI: 10.17188/1280888
title: Materials Data on KBiN(ClO)3 by Materials Project

description: KBiN(OCl)3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. K1+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to five O2- and four Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of K–O bond distances ranging from 2.95–3.38 Å. There are a spread of K–Cl bond distances ranging from 3.32–3.44 Å. Bi3+ is bonded to two O2- and five Cl1- atoms to form a mixture of distorted corner and edge-sharing BiCl5O2 pentagonal bipyramids. There are one shorter (2.67 Å) and one longer (2.69 Å) Bi–O bond lengths. There are a spread of Bi–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.56–3.27 Å. N5+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of N–O bond distances ranging from 1.24–1.30 Å. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two equivalent K1+, one Bi3+, and one N5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one K1+, one Bi3+, and one N5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two equivalent K1+ and one N5+ atom. There are three inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to two equivalent K1+ and one Bi3+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one K1+ and two equivalent Bi3+ atoms. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one K1+ and two equivalent Bi3+ atoms.
DOI: 10.17188/1280890
title: Materials Data on Ca3BCNCl2 by Materials Project

description: Ca3BCNCl2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent Ca2+ sites. In the first Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded to one C4-, two equivalent N3-, and three equivalent Cl1- atoms to form CaCN2Cl3 octahedra that share corners with four CaC2NCl3 octahedra and edges with eight CaCN2Cl3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–90°. The Ca–C bond length is 2.54 Å. Both Ca–N bond lengths are 2.40 Å. There are one shorter (2.91 Å) and two longer (2.94 Å) Ca–Cl bond lengths. In the second Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded to two equivalent C4-, one N3-, and three Cl1- atoms to form distorted CaC2NCl3 octahedra that share corners with nine CaCN2Cl3 octahedra, edges with five CaCN2Cl3 octahedra, and a faceface with one CaC2Cl4 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–90°. Both Ca–C bond lengths are 2.58 Å. The Ca–N bond length is 2.39 Å. There are two shorter (2.88 Å) and one longer (3.02 Å) Ca–Cl bond lengths. In the third Ca2+ site, Ca2+ is bonded to two equivalent C4- and four Cl1- atoms to form distorted CaC2Cl4 octahedra that share corners with seven CaCN2Cl3 octahedra, edges with seven CaCN2Cl3 octahedra, and a faceface with one CaC2NCl3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–79°. Both Ca–C bond lengths are 2.58 Å. There are a spread of Ca–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.83–2.97 Å. B3+ is bonded in a linear geometry to one C4- and one N3- atom. The B–C bond length is 1.44 Å. The B–N bond length is 1.36 Å. C4- is bonded to five Ca2+ and one B3+ atom to form distorted CCa5B octahedra that share a cornercorner with one NCa3B tetrahedra, corners with nine ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids, edges with two equivalent CCa5B octahedra, edges with two equivalent NCa3B tetrahedra, and edges with four ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids. N3- is bonded to three Ca2+ and one B3+ atom to form distorted NCa3B tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one CCa5B octahedra, corners with two equivalent NCa3B tetrahedra, corners with seven ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids, edges with two equivalent CCa5B octahedra, and an edgeedge with one ClCa5 trigonal bipyramid. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 5°. There are two inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded to five Ca2+ atoms to form distorted ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with six equivalent CCa5B octahedra, corners with two equivalent NCa3B tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one ClCa5 trigonal bipyramid, edges with two equivalent CCa5B octahedra, and edges with six ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 6–60°. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded to five Ca2+ atoms to form ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with three equivalent CCa5B octahedra, corners with five equivalent NCa3B tetrahedra, corners with three ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids, edges with two equivalent CCa5B octahedra, an edgeedge with one NCa3B tetrahedra, and edges with four ClCa5 trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 14–75°.
DOI: 10.17188/1280891
title: Materials Data on K3Nd2(NO3)9 by Materials Project

description: K3Nd2(NO3)9 crystallizes in the cubic P4_332 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. K1+ is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to ten O2- atoms. There are a spread of K–O bond distances ranging from 2.83–3.21 Å. Nd3+ is bonded to twelve O2- atoms to form distorted corner-sharing NdO12 cuboctahedra. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.59–2.78 Å. There are two inequivalent N5+ sites. In the first N5+ site, N5+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.25 Å) and two longer (1.28 Å) N–O bond length. In the second N5+ site, N5+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There is two shorter (1.25 Å) and one longer (1.29 Å) N–O bond length. There are five inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two equivalent Nd3+ and one N5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one K1+, one Nd3+, and one N5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one K1+, one Nd3+, and one N5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one K1+, one Nd3+, and one N5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two equivalent K1+ and one N5+ atom.
DOI: 10.17188/1280892
title: Materials Data on KCuPO4 by Materials Project

description: KCuPO4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. The structure is three-dimensional. K1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of K–O bond distances ranging from 2.64–3.27 Å. Cu2+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Cu–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.54 Å. P5+ is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.61 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three equivalent K1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent K1+, one Cu2+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to one K1+, two equivalent Cu2+, and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one K1+, two equivalent Cu2+, and one P5+ atom.