cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004939
title: Phenology and fruit set comparison of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) in a natural population and a plantation in the central Amazon, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Myrciaria dubia (Myrtaceae) is a shrub that produces fruits with high concentrations of ascorbic acid (1380 to 1490 mg 100 g-1 of pulp and 2050 mg 100 g-1 of peel), 20 times more than acerola and 100 times more than lemon. Native to the Amazon region, it occurs naturally on the seasonally-flooded banks of lakes and rivers, but also has been cultivated commercially in terra firme. In this study, phenological observations and fruit yield evaluations were carried out in a natural population of camu-camu in a floodplain habitat and a plantation in terra firme in central Amazonia. Biweekly visits were made over one year to collect data on flowering, fruiting and leaf phenology. At the height of flowering, flower buds were marked and tracked until fruit matured and were harvested for biometrics and seed counting. Fruits varied from 1.01 to 2.73 cm in diameter and 1.14 to 10.87 g in weight and fruit production was higher in the wild stand. Phenology differed between habitats and phenophase synchrony was higher in the natural population. Despite being native to flooplain forests, fruit production in terra firme occurred throughout the year, suggesting that there are few restrictions on fruit development in cultivated plantation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19826407.v1
title: Droplet size and surface hydrophobicity enhance bacterial plasmid transfer rates in microscopic surface wetness

description: <br> Data of experiment 1: 1) General data of exp 1: cell counts 6h.xlsx contains data of individual droplets at 6 hours post inoculation. Columns description: FOV name, droplet ID, Total cell number, donor cell number, recipient cell number, number of transcojugates, droplets area (um square) 2) Detailed subset data with positional information. This data is from Time = 6h; Two type fo files: a) Droplets_data Columns descrption: Well, droplet ID, total number of cells, droplet area (um square) b) W1, Wxx Columns descrption: label, droplet ID, x coordinae, y coordiante <br> There are 3 possible label values : SpotDetection (BF) - Recipient SpotDetection (Mcherry) - Donor SpotDetection (GFP) - Transconjugant <br> Data of experiment 2: two files: a) hydrophilic_t=6h_OD=3_7 FOVs_cell density b) hydrophobic_t=6h_OD=3_7 FOVs_cell density Columns description: FOV name, droplet ID, number of transcojugates, Total cell number, droplets area (um square) <br> <br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19826407
title: Droplet size and surface hydrophobicity enhance bacterial plasmid transfer rates in microscopic surface wetness

description: <br> Data of experiment 1: 1) General data of exp 1: cell counts 6h.xlsx contains data of individual droplets at 6 hours post inoculation. Columns description: FOV name, droplet ID, Total cell number, donor cell number, recipient cell number, number of transcojugates, droplets area (um square) 2) Detailed subset data with positional information. This data is from Time = 6h; Two type fo files: a) Droplets_data Columns descrption: Well, droplet ID, total number of cells, droplet area (um square) b) W1, Wxx Columns descrption: label, droplet ID, x coordinae, y coordiante <br> There are 3 possible label values : SpotDetection (BF) - Recipient SpotDetection (Mcherry) - Donor SpotDetection (GFP) - Transconjugant <br> Data of experiment 2: two files: a) hydrophilic_t=6h_OD=3_7 FOVs_cell density b) hydrophobic_t=6h_OD=3_7 FOVs_cell density Columns description: FOV name, droplet ID, number of transcojugates, Total cell number, droplets area (um square) <br> <br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004941
title: Diversity of ectoparasites and endoparasites infecting Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), a large migratory catfish from the Amazon

description: ABSTRACT Brachyplatystoma vaillantii is a large migratory catfish widely distributed in the Amazon basin, but its parasitic fauna is still poorly known. As it is an important fishery resource in the region of the Amazonas River estuary, the aim of this study was to investigate the parasite community in B. vaillantii from a tributary of the Amazonas River estuary system, in Brazil. We examined 31 juvenile fish, of which 80.6% were parasitized, and a total of 586 parasites were collected. We identified Dermidospermus brachyplastystimae and Dermidospermus araguiensis (Monogenea), Genarchella genarchella (Digenea), Harriscolex piramutab (Cestoda), Pseudoterranova sp. (Nematoda), Ergasilus xinguensis (Crustacea) and mites (Acarina). The dominance was of Pseudoterranova sp. larvae. The parasite community of B. vaillantii was composed of low values of species richness (2.0 ± 1.4), evenness (0.18 ± 0.21) and diversity (0.32 ± 0.37), with predominance of ectoparasite species with low prevalence, low abundance and overdispersion. Host body weight was the main correlate of parasite diversity and abundance, and a diet rich in crustaceans and other invertebrates may be important in structuring the parasite community of B. vaillantii. This is the first report of Dermidospermus brachyplastystimae and D. araguiensis, Pseudoterranova sp. and G. genarchella for B. vaillantii.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004941.v1
title: Diversity of ectoparasites and endoparasites infecting Brachyplatystoma vaillantii (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae), a large migratory catfish from the Amazon

description: ABSTRACT Brachyplatystoma vaillantii is a large migratory catfish widely distributed in the Amazon basin, but its parasitic fauna is still poorly known. As it is an important fishery resource in the region of the Amazonas River estuary, the aim of this study was to investigate the parasite community in B. vaillantii from a tributary of the Amazonas River estuary system, in Brazil. We examined 31 juvenile fish, of which 80.6% were parasitized, and a total of 586 parasites were collected. We identified Dermidospermus brachyplastystimae and Dermidospermus araguiensis (Monogenea), Genarchella genarchella (Digenea), Harriscolex piramutab (Cestoda), Pseudoterranova sp. (Nematoda), Ergasilus xinguensis (Crustacea) and mites (Acarina). The dominance was of Pseudoterranova sp. larvae. The parasite community of B. vaillantii was composed of low values of species richness (2.0 ± 1.4), evenness (0.18 ± 0.21) and diversity (0.32 ± 0.37), with predominance of ectoparasite species with low prevalence, low abundance and overdispersion. Host body weight was the main correlate of parasite diversity and abundance, and a diet rich in crustaceans and other invertebrates may be important in structuring the parasite community of B. vaillantii. This is the first report of Dermidospermus brachyplastystimae and D. araguiensis, Pseudoterranova sp. and G. genarchella for B. vaillantii.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004942
title: Reproductive cycle of the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) cultured in a macrotidal high-salinity zone on the Amazon mangrove coast of Brazil

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to establish the reproductive cycle of the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae cultured in the macrotidal estuary of the Paciência River, Maranhão state, on the northeastern coast of Brazil, and its relationship with environmental factors. Oysters were collected monthly throughout 2013 for histological analysis of sex ratio, gonadal development and condition index. The sex ratio was 1:1.39 (M:F) and only 5 specimens presented hermaphroditism. The breeding process was continuous throughout the year and mature (IIIA stage) and spawning oysters (IIIB stage) were present in practically all months. Low variation in temperature seemed to be the main factor for the continuity of the reproductive cycle. Besides temperature, the relationship between rainfall, salinity and primary productivity affected the stimulus and timing of reproductive events. The rainy season, with low values of salinity and high values of chlorophyll a and particulate organic matter, appeared to be the main reproductive period, with release of gametes and production and maturation of new gamete cohorts in the short term. In the tropics, where gamete maturation and release seem to be continuous and concomitant, the condition index does not appear to be the best method to assess reserve accumulation peaks and gonadal repletion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004942.v1
title: Reproductive cycle of the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae (Bivalvia: Ostreidae) cultured in a macrotidal high-salinity zone on the Amazon mangrove coast of Brazil

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to establish the reproductive cycle of the mangrove oyster, Crassostrea rhizophorae cultured in the macrotidal estuary of the Paciência River, Maranhão state, on the northeastern coast of Brazil, and its relationship with environmental factors. Oysters were collected monthly throughout 2013 for histological analysis of sex ratio, gonadal development and condition index. The sex ratio was 1:1.39 (M:F) and only 5 specimens presented hermaphroditism. The breeding process was continuous throughout the year and mature (IIIA stage) and spawning oysters (IIIB stage) were present in practically all months. Low variation in temperature seemed to be the main factor for the continuity of the reproductive cycle. Besides temperature, the relationship between rainfall, salinity and primary productivity affected the stimulus and timing of reproductive events. The rainy season, with low values of salinity and high values of chlorophyll a and particulate organic matter, appeared to be the main reproductive period, with release of gametes and production and maturation of new gamete cohorts in the short term. In the tropics, where gamete maturation and release seem to be continuous and concomitant, the condition index does not appear to be the best method to assess reserve accumulation peaks and gonadal repletion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004959
title: Effect of environmental and spatial factors on small-sized fish assemblages in a tropical river

description: ABSTRACT The river continuum concept predicts that gradual changes in river geomorphology and hydrology can drive longitudinal changes in aquatic community structure. Accordingly, we evaluated how environmental variables (electrical conductivity, pH, water transparency and water velocity), spatial factors (distance from headwaters and Moran’s eigen vector maps - MEMs), and the presence of dams affect small-sized fish assemblages along a 105-km stretch of the upper Branco River, a tributary in the Madeira River, Amazonas Basin, Brazil. Seine-net based collections were carried out at 15 sites up- and downriver from dams during the 2019 dry season. We captured a total of 4,330 individual fish belonging to three orders, nine families and 26 species (and a hybrid individual). Electrical conductivity and pH were affected by the presence of dams and the distance from headwaters. Species richness and abundance did not vary in response to environmental variables. While species richness showed no significant variation along the sampled river section, abundance showed a negative relationship with distance from headwaters. Species composition varied significantly in response to pH, linear spatial factors and the presence of dams. Our results suggest that change in species composition of small-sized fish assemblages in the upper Branco River occurs due to variation in water characteristics, inherent dispersal limitation, and in response to the presence of dams.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004959.v1
title: Effect of environmental and spatial factors on small-sized fish assemblages in a tropical river

description: ABSTRACT The river continuum concept predicts that gradual changes in river geomorphology and hydrology can drive longitudinal changes in aquatic community structure. Accordingly, we evaluated how environmental variables (electrical conductivity, pH, water transparency and water velocity), spatial factors (distance from headwaters and Moran’s eigen vector maps - MEMs), and the presence of dams affect small-sized fish assemblages along a 105-km stretch of the upper Branco River, a tributary in the Madeira River, Amazonas Basin, Brazil. Seine-net based collections were carried out at 15 sites up- and downriver from dams during the 2019 dry season. We captured a total of 4,330 individual fish belonging to three orders, nine families and 26 species (and a hybrid individual). Electrical conductivity and pH were affected by the presence of dams and the distance from headwaters. Species richness and abundance did not vary in response to environmental variables. While species richness showed no significant variation along the sampled river section, abundance showed a negative relationship with distance from headwaters. Species composition varied significantly in response to pH, linear spatial factors and the presence of dams. Our results suggest that change in species composition of small-sized fish assemblages in the upper Branco River occurs due to variation in water characteristics, inherent dispersal limitation, and in response to the presence of dams.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004960
title: Molecular analysis reveals high diversity in the Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) species complex from different Amazonian localities

description: ABSTRACT DNA barcoding proposes that a fragment of DNA can be used to identify species. In fish, a fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) has been effective in many studies with different foci. Here we use this molecular tool to provide new insights into the cryptic diversity found in the Hoplias malabaricus species complex. Popularly known as trahira, H. malabaricus is widely distributed in South America. The clade shows molecular and cytogenetic diversity, and several studies have supported the occurrence of a complex of species. We performed molecular and karyotypic analysis of H. malabaricus individuals from eight Amazonian localities to assess the diversity present in the nominal taxon, and to clarify relationships within this group. We used 12 samples in cytogenetic analyses and found two karyomorphs: 2n = 40 (20m + 20sm) (karyomorph C) and 2n = 42 (22m + 20sm) (karyomorph A). We used 19 samples in molecular analyses with COI as a molecular marker, maximum likelihood analyses, and the Kimura-2-parameter evolutionary model with bootstrap support. We found karyomorph-related differentiation with bootstrap of 100%. However, we found high molecular diversity within karyomorph C. The observed pattern allowed us to infer the presence of cryptic diversity, reinforcing the existence of a species complex.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004960.v1
title: Molecular analysis reveals high diversity in the Hoplias malabaricus (Characiformes, Erythrinidae) species complex from different Amazonian localities

description: ABSTRACT DNA barcoding proposes that a fragment of DNA can be used to identify species. In fish, a fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) has been effective in many studies with different foci. Here we use this molecular tool to provide new insights into the cryptic diversity found in the Hoplias malabaricus species complex. Popularly known as trahira, H. malabaricus is widely distributed in South America. The clade shows molecular and cytogenetic diversity, and several studies have supported the occurrence of a complex of species. We performed molecular and karyotypic analysis of H. malabaricus individuals from eight Amazonian localities to assess the diversity present in the nominal taxon, and to clarify relationships within this group. We used 12 samples in cytogenetic analyses and found two karyomorphs: 2n = 40 (20m + 20sm) (karyomorph C) and 2n = 42 (22m + 20sm) (karyomorph A). We used 19 samples in molecular analyses with COI as a molecular marker, maximum likelihood analyses, and the Kimura-2-parameter evolutionary model with bootstrap support. We found karyomorph-related differentiation with bootstrap of 100%. However, we found high molecular diversity within karyomorph C. The observed pattern allowed us to infer the presence of cryptic diversity, reinforcing the existence of a species complex.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004962
title: In vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts from cutaneous secretions of Amazonian amphibians against phytopathogens of agricultural interest

description: ABSTRACT The biochemical defense mechanisms of amphibians involve cutaneous secretions of bioactive molecules with antimicrobial activity. This study evaluated the in vitro activity of methanolic extracts from cutaneous secretions of two amphibian species of the Bufonidae family, Rhaebo guttatus and Rhinella marina, in the control of the phytopathogens Fusarium udum, Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum truncatum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Calonectria pseudometrosideri. The R. guttatus extract decreased the mycelial growth of F. udum, F. solani, A. flavus, and M. phaseolina at some tested concentrations. The R. marina extract decreased the mycelial growth of C. truncatum at the concentration of 0.5 mg mL-¹, and inhibited the mycelial growth of A. flavus at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg mL-¹, which was similar to the inhibition by the positive control. The R. marina extract also decreased the microsclerotia production by R. solani at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.3 mg mL-¹. In addition, the extracts inhibited conidial sporulation and germination at varying degrees. The inhibition of appressoria formation in C. truncatum by the R. guttatus and R. marina extracts was 85-99% and 63-100%, respectively. Our results demonstrated that treatment with extracts from R. guttatus and R. marina cutaneous secretions showed antifungal activity against the studied phytopathogens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004962.v1
title: In vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts from cutaneous secretions of Amazonian amphibians against phytopathogens of agricultural interest

description: ABSTRACT The biochemical defense mechanisms of amphibians involve cutaneous secretions of bioactive molecules with antimicrobial activity. This study evaluated the in vitro activity of methanolic extracts from cutaneous secretions of two amphibian species of the Bufonidae family, Rhaebo guttatus and Rhinella marina, in the control of the phytopathogens Fusarium udum, Fusarium solani, Colletotrichum truncatum, Aspergillus flavus, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, and Calonectria pseudometrosideri. The R. guttatus extract decreased the mycelial growth of F. udum, F. solani, A. flavus, and M. phaseolina at some tested concentrations. The R. marina extract decreased the mycelial growth of C. truncatum at the concentration of 0.5 mg mL-¹, and inhibited the mycelial growth of A. flavus at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.5 mg mL-¹, which was similar to the inhibition by the positive control. The R. marina extract also decreased the microsclerotia production by R. solani at concentrations of 0.2 and 0.3 mg mL-¹. In addition, the extracts inhibited conidial sporulation and germination at varying degrees. The inhibition of appressoria formation in C. truncatum by the R. guttatus and R. marina extracts was 85-99% and 63-100%, respectively. Our results demonstrated that treatment with extracts from R. guttatus and R. marina cutaneous secretions showed antifungal activity against the studied phytopathogens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004963.v1
title: Using osteological measurements to estimate body length in Amazonian manatees

description: ABSTRACT Body length is an important parameter in morphological, ecological and behavioral studies of a species and contributes to the understanding of the body condition of individuals. This parameter is essential for conservation and management strategies by informing studies evaluating growth rates, physical maturity and classification of individuals into age groups, promoting better accuracy for the biological parameters of the species. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of body length for Amazonian manatees (Trichechus inunguis) using metric characters of osteological materials. Eleven linear measurements of skull, jaw, scapulae and humeri were collected from 41 Amazonian manatee skeletons of different age classes (calf, juvenile and adult). Data were analyzed by simple linear regression. The condylobasal length was the best predictor of body length for the species (R = 0.943), however, all bones evaluated showed at least one measurement with the capacity to predict body size (R2 &gt; 0.9). Results of this study are useful for inferring body length of Amazonian manatees using bones deposited in museums and biological collections, expanding the informative potential of these materials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004963
title: Using osteological measurements to estimate body length in Amazonian manatees

description: ABSTRACT Body length is an important parameter in morphological, ecological and behavioral studies of a species and contributes to the understanding of the body condition of individuals. This parameter is essential for conservation and management strategies by informing studies evaluating growth rates, physical maturity and classification of individuals into age groups, promoting better accuracy for the biological parameters of the species. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of body length for Amazonian manatees (Trichechus inunguis) using metric characters of osteological materials. Eleven linear measurements of skull, jaw, scapulae and humeri were collected from 41 Amazonian manatee skeletons of different age classes (calf, juvenile and adult). Data were analyzed by simple linear regression. The condylobasal length was the best predictor of body length for the species (R = 0.943), however, all bones evaluated showed at least one measurement with the capacity to predict body size (R2 &gt; 0.9). Results of this study are useful for inferring body length of Amazonian manatees using bones deposited in museums and biological collections, expanding the informative potential of these materials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004965
title: New record of Cepa apeca (Diptera, Syrphidae, Eristalinae, Merodontini) in the Andean-Amazonian region of Colombia and expansion of its geographic range

description: ABSTRACT Flower flies of the genus Cepa are endemic to the Neotropical region and Cepa apeca is currently known only from Costa Rica. Here we report the first record of C. apeca in Colombia based on a single female collected using a canopy trap in a dense secondary forest in a mountainous ecosystem in the locality of Vereda San Francisco, municipality of Florencia-Caquetá, at an altitude of 643 m.a.s.l. This finding constitutes the first record of the genus Cepa in Colombia and expands the geographic range of Cepa apeca by approximately 1,500 km (straight line) southwards to South America. Our finding represents the southernmost occurrence of the species and contributes to the incipient knowledge on the Diptera diversity in the Colombian Andean-Amazonian region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20004965.v1
title: New record of Cepa apeca (Diptera, Syrphidae, Eristalinae, Merodontini) in the Andean-Amazonian region of Colombia and expansion of its geographic range

description: ABSTRACT Flower flies of the genus Cepa are endemic to the Neotropical region and Cepa apeca is currently known only from Costa Rica. Here we report the first record of C. apeca in Colombia based on a single female collected using a canopy trap in a dense secondary forest in a mountainous ecosystem in the locality of Vereda San Francisco, municipality of Florencia-Caquetá, at an altitude of 643 m.a.s.l. This finding constitutes the first record of the genus Cepa in Colombia and expands the geographic range of Cepa apeca by approximately 1,500 km (straight line) southwards to South America. Our finding represents the southernmost occurrence of the species and contributes to the incipient knowledge on the Diptera diversity in the Colombian Andean-Amazonian region.
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/3754378
title: YouTube Trending Video Dataset (updated daily)