cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/17501db1-7a2b-4f4b-8965-f309d2d1c557
title: Microclimate proxy measurements from a logging gradient in Malaysian Borneo

description: Temperatures recorded 5cm above the forest floor in a gridded design (1 to 13m distance) within three, 1 hectare forest plots in Sabah, Borneo.  The dataset also includes air temperature data from a nearby weather station at the same temporal resolution, and spatially-interpolated measurements of topography and canopy structure in each forest plot at a 1m resolution.

iButton temperature measurement 5cm above the forest floor in gridded design (1-13m distance) within three 1-ha forest plots in Sabah, Borneo. Measurements were taken at 20 minute intervals over one continuous month (November 2015).  Dataset also includes nearby weather station air temperature data at identical temporal resolution, as well as spatially-interpolated (1-m) measurements of topography and canopy structure in each forest plot. Output of BALI project (NERC funded Human-modified Tropical Forest Programme).
description: We identified three sites along a logging intensity gradient in the Malaysian state of Sabah in Borneo. Sites each contain a 1-ha plot in lowland mixed dipterocarp forest. The plots are chosen to contrast an unlogged old growth forest with a moderately logged forest and a heavily logged forest. For further details of the experiment, please see the supporting document.
DOI: 10.5285/2ae5e8d3-be36-4517-b80c-c6b91792b769
title: Hourly temperature, environmental parameter and Daphnia magna phenotypic and genetic change in mesocosms with manipulated experimental parameters, 2017-2019

description: This dataset contains information about hourly temperature variation, phenotypic and genetic change, and change in environmental parameters in a two-year mesocosm study designed to tease apart the impact that phenotypic plasticity and genetic diversity have on rate of adaptation to experimental heatwaves. All data were collected between 2017 and 2019. Thermal data was collected continuously using data loggers. The frequency of natural heatwaves was manipulated using a programmable aquatic mesocosm facility using data collected from real heatwaves from 2006. Phenotypic evolution was tracked using intermittent common garden life-history studies while changes in clone frequency were determined using microsatellite markers to track changes in clone frequency in manipulated populations over two years. Experimental data on zooplankton community dynamics were monitored using intermittent depth integrated sampling of communities in each mesocosm over two years. 

The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/N016017/1).
description: Daphnia magna clones used in the experiment were isolated from Brown Moss in Shropshire (52°57'01"N 2°39'05"W) and Lake Ring in Denmark (55°57′51.83″N, 9°35′46.87″E) as hatched resting eggs.  How plastic each clone is was assayed by rearing clones in common garden studies using four different environments.

Forty-two mesocosms with different numbers of plastic and non-plastic Daphnia magna clones were established at Ness botanic gardens (53°16'20"N 3°02'34"W).

Heatwave induction and hourly temperature data were managed using heating elements and temperature sensors at 50cm depth connected to Campbell Scientific CR6 Wi-Fi data loggers connected to a virtual server.
Environmental parameter data were collected using hand-held meters every 2-weeks. Water chemistry data were collected every 3-months between 2017-2019 and analysed using a spectrophotometer (see supporting doc for details).

The life-history and thermal tolerance of D. magna in mesocosms was assayed 5 times a year before and after heatwaves (September 2017 March 2018, June 2018, August 2018, and October 2018) by sampling animals from each mesocosm and rearing an offspring in common garden study.

Clone-frequency changes were monitored in a subset of mesocosms at 8 timepoints between 2017-2019 using four microsatellite markers.

Community dynamics in each mesocosm were assessed at 8-timepoints between 2017-2019 using depth integrated samples from four locations across a mesocosm for a total of 10L of water, which was then filtered through 100 micromitre sieves and stored in 15% glycerol at 20 oC prior to counting.

All data were checked, verified and processed for analysis.
DOI: 10.5285/f26f391f-a17b-4a0d-85c7-ab8af85c3f1b
title: Larval mass and survival data for Maniola jurtina under drought stress, UK

description: Larval mass and survival data for Meadow Brown butterflies (Maniola jurtina) originating from nine different source populations in the UK and reared under one of two host plant treatment groups (either control or drought stress) in an outdoor insectary at UKCEH under natural environmental conditions. Each individual larva was monitored at three growth check points throughout development: 49 days after hatching (pre-overwintering), 162 days after hatching (post overwintering during larval growth) and 309 days after hatching (late larval growth and pupation phase). Larval masses (mg) were recorded for all individuals that survived up to the second growth monitoring point and the number of larvae that survived until the third growth monitoring point were recorded.
description: Newly hatched larvae were randomly selected and collected from laboratory stock populations that originated from nine different populations in UK. The larvae were placed (four per plant and all originating from the same laboratory source population) on potted host plants of Poa trivialis (either control or drought-stressed) and reared in netted cages in an outdoor insectary at UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) under natural environmental conditions. The outdoor insectary at UKCEH is an enclosed structure with a solid floor and roof, and 4 walls that are constructed such that they are half solid (bottom to mid-section), and half wire mesh (from mid-section to roof). The outdoor insectary provided the larval rearing cages with protection from rain and wind, but exposed them to the prevailing natural day/night temperatures, light and photoperiod. As a higher mortality was expected with drought stress, a total of 108 and 216 larvae were assigned to the control and drought stress treatment groups, respectively, and each laboratory source population contributed equivalent numbers of larvae to each treatment group.
DOI: 10.5285/ad3d4c0a-66d5-4367-a41c-5f3cdff752f7
title: Carbon and nitrogen stocks in soil organic matter fractions along grassland-to-forest conversion chronosequences across Scotland in 2018

description: This dataset contains the carbon and nitrogen content of soil organic matter fractions collected along grassland-to-forest conversion chronosequences. 

Four chronosequences of grassland-to-forest conversion were used across Scotland, from Alyth to Craik. Soil samples were collected in summer 2018. Soil samples were collected using soil corers. In 2020, soil samples were fractionated in the laboratory, and the elemental composition of bulk soil and soil fraction samples was determined. The goal of the study was to determine the changes in the quantity of soil organic carbon and nitrogen, and the form in which these carbon and nitrogen are stored.
description: The data were collected from the results of each measure made on all soil samples. These separate results were then merged by site/sample/soil depth into a single dataframe using R.
DOI: 10.5285/4600c752-ee9c-4e04-a95c-f5a5f8fb7f26
title:  Surface temperature, surface oxygen, water clarity, water chemistry and phytoplankton chlorophyll a data from Windermere North Basin, UK, 2021-2022

description: This is part of an ongoing long-term monitoring dataset of surface temperature, surface oxygen, water clarity, water chemistry and phytoplankton chlorophyll a from fortnightly sampling at the North Basin of Windermere in Cumbria, England that began in 1945 for some variables. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). The data available to download comprise surface temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, surface oxygen saturation (OXYG) in % air-saturation, Secchi depth (SECC) in metres, alkalinity (ALKA) in µg per litre as CaCO3 and pH. Ammonium (NH4N), nitrate (NO3N), soluble reactive phosphate (PO4P), total phosphorus (TOTP), dissolved reactive silicon expressed as SiO2 (SIO2) and phytoplankton chlorophyll a (TOCA) are all given in µg per litre. Water samples are based on a sample integrated from 0 to 7m. All data are from January 2021 until the end of 2022.
description: Measurements are made from a boat at a marked location (buoy) at the deepest part of the lake. 
Please note that the data presented here are raw data that have not yet been quality controlled and calibrated. However, data has been double entered and checked visually. Missing data are due to weather conditions, covid-19 restrictions or staff shortage.
DOI: 10.5285/98970053-b34c-44da-97bd-fbfc38fa8b7a
title: Real-time bioaerosol emission data from a range of environmental sources, UK, 2016-2018

description: The data offers insights to utility of single particle ultraviolet light- induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) measurements in providing quantification and spatio-temporal characterisation of bioaerosols alongside the size distribution and characteristics of biological materials in airborne particles based on intrinsic bio fluorophores signatures. A novel ultraviolet light-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) based bioaerosol sensor unit (Spectral Intensity Bioaerosol Sensor (SIBS)) was evaluated. The SIBS measures size, number, shape, and resolved fluorescence emission across 16 wavelength bands from 298 - 735 nm for two excitation wavelengths (285 nm and 370 nm) for single particles in real-time. Measurements entailed the chamber-based studies and real world environments (composting, dairy farms, chicken farms, sewage treatment plants, urban background, agricultural). This data stems as a part of a project (Detection and characterisation of inflammatory agents associated with bioaerosol emitted from biowaste and intensive agriculture) funded by the Natural Environment Research Council [NE/M01163/1]. The award was made under the auspices of the Environmental Microbiology and Human Health programme. The principal purpose was to assess the capabilities of the SIBS to enhance understanding of the bioaerosols emission and dispersion from industrial processes.
description: Data were generated through chamber based and real world measurements across different environments (composting, dairy farms, chicken farms, sewage treatment plants, urban background, agricultural).
DOI: 10.5285/f5a7d56c-cea0-4f00-b159-c3788a3b2b38
title: Inventory of reservoirs amounting to 90% of total UK storage

description: This dataset is an inventory of reservoir details for the UK. It provides information, including reservoir location, type (impounding or non-impounding), use (water resources, hydro-electric, ecological, flood storage, canal), capacity, planning date, construction date, catchment National River Flow Archive (NRFA) gauge references and membership of a reservoir group, based on current usage within the CEH Monthly Hydrological Summary (https://nrfa.ceh.ac.uk/monthly-hydrological-summary-uk). The dataset comprises 273 individual reservoirs, which amount to approximately 90% of total UK reservoir storage. Data quality has been recorded, using a data flag system and a notes section, with references relevant to each reservoir provided. 
description: Information on reservoirs and their capacity was collected from the Environment Agency under Open Government Licence through a Freedom of Information request, and the UK Lakes Portal (CEH). Information was then gathered from internet searches. The quality of source data has been identified wherever possible through the use of a data flag system, and use of the notes section. References are supplied for all information within the inventory.
The composition of reservoir groups were confirmed through correspondence with Water Companies responsible for submitting storage volumes for the Hydrological Summaries, produced by CEH. The inventory includes reservoirs up to 1,600 megalitre (Ml) capacity, as well as reservoirs below this capacity that are included within reservoir groups for which there is historic storage information and sufficient information on planning and construction dates. The threshold of 1,600 Ml was decided, based on less available information for smaller reservoirs, and that 1,600 Ml equates to approximately 90% capacity of all reservoirs in the Reservoirs Act 1975.
DOI: 10.5285/d356bddc-fd06-466a-a206-639711bba7f2
title: Sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for the UK, 2020-22

description: This dataset provides Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 1x1 kilometres (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2020 to 2022. 

The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition. 

Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and various Departments for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) contracts.

description: The Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) methodology generates maps of wet and dry deposition of sulphur, oxidised and reduced nitrogen, and base cations from measured concentrations of gases and particulate matter in air and measured concentrations of ions in precipitation. These data are collected at sites in the UK Eutrophying and Acidifying Pollutants (UKEAP) network. The site-based measurements are first interpolated to generate maps of concentrations for the UK. The ion concentrations in precipitation are combined with an annual precipitation map from the UK Meteorological Office to generate values of wet deposition. Gas and particulate matter concentration maps are combined with spatially distributed estimates of habitat-specific deposition velocities to generate dry deposition for 5 land cover categories: forest, moorland, grassland, arable and urban. The deposition to the 5 land cover categories are combined, depending on the relative proportions of different land cover categories in the grid square, to generate values for grid square averaged deposition. Dry deposition includes deposition of gases (Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitric Acid (HNO3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Ammonia (NH3) and particulate matter (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, calcium and magnesium) to vegetation. For critical load exceedance calculations, deposition values for moorland are applied to all non-woodland habitats, and deposition values for forest are applied to all woodland habitats. 

Data processing was done using the R programme and results output as CSV files. These were then transformed in a suitable format for ingestion into the Environmental Information Data Centre.
DOI: 10.5285/ec83a4ea-923a-4f02-8a9f-aeecc43d7123
title: E. coli counts of fresh cattle faeces from the North Wyke Farm Platform

description: The data consists of faecal microbiology and moisture content taken from two separate cohorts of 30 cattle. The cattle were from the North Wyke Farm Platform, a UK national capability, located at Rothamsted Research, North Wyke in Devon. Faecal samples were collected between November 2016 and July 2018. Samples were collected and microbiologically analysed in the laboratory within 6 to 8 hours.  

Two cohorts of 30 cattle were selected from 90 animals, ten from each of the three farmlets. Each cohort covering the period that cattle enter the farm platform, i.e. from weaning until slaughter ca. 16 – 20 months.

description: Faecal samples were taken by members of staff from Rothamsted Research North Wyke. In the laboratory one gram of faecal material was aseptically transferred to nine ml of sterile Ringers (Oxoid, Basingstoke, UK) and appropriate serial 10-fold dilutions were made. An aliquot (0.1 ml) was plated in duplicate on to Membrane Lactose Glucuronide Agar (MLGA) (Oxoid) and spread across the surface of the agar using a disposal plastic spreader (VWR). Antibiotics were added to the MLGA at suitable concentrations after autoclaving and prior to pouring the plates. Antibiotics were added at the following rates; 16 mg/l for tetracycline and cephalexin, 1.0 mg/l marbofloxacin, 8 mg/l meropenem. All plates were allowed to air dry prior to inversion and incubation, at 44.5 ◦C (±0.2 ◦C) for 18–24 h. Colonies were counted, after incubation, and reported as E.coli colony forming units (CFU) per gram fresh weight and also on a dry weight basis.  All colony counts were further transformed by log to base 10.
Gravimetric moisture content of faecal samples, approximately 50 g of faecal material was accurately weighed into a pre-weighed silver foil container and dried in an oven at 105 ◦C, until constant weight. To calculate % dry matter: 100 – (((fresh wt.-Dry wt.) /(fresh wt.))*100), effectively 100 – moisture content. 
The establishment licence under which the experiment was conducted was XA11784A2 and the project licence was P592D2677.

Data was collected for the NERC funded “Does the potential for AMR selection differ between common UK cattle grazing systems?” NE/N019792/1.
DOI: 10.5285/53210c27-87fc-46e4-a3d6-e731003dc541
title: Model estimates of topsoil microbes [Countryside Survey]

description: Topsoil microbe data - Bacteria. Data is representative of 0 - 15 cm soil depth and includes bacterial community structure as assessed by ordination scores, Shannon diversity index and Simpson diversity index. Over 1000 samples from 233 1km x 1km squares across Great Britain were sampled in 2007 and analysed. See Emmett et al. 2010 for further details of sampling and Griffiths et al. 2011 for further details of methods. Estimates of mean values within selected habitats and parent material characteristics across GB were made using Countryside Survey (CS) data from 2007 using a mixed model approach. The estimated means of habitat/parent material combinations using 2007 data are modelled on dominant habitat and parent material characteristics derived from the Land Cover Map 2007 and Parent Material Model 2009, respectively. The parent material characteristic used was that which minimised AIC in each model (see dataset documentation). Please see Scott, 2008 for further details of similar statistical analysis. Areas, such as urban and littoral rock, are not sampled by CS and therefore have no associated data. Also, in some circumstances sample sizes for particular habitat/parent material combinations were insufficient to estimate mean values.

References: 
Emmett, B.A., Frogbrook, Z.L., Chamberlain P.M., Griffiths R., Pickup R., Poskitt, J., Reynolds B., Rowe E., Rowland P., Spurgeon D., Wilson J., Wood, C.M. (2008).  Countryside Survey Technical Report No.03/07: Soils Manual.  Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5201/1/CS_UK_2007_TR3%5B1%5D.pdf

Griffiths, R.I.; Thomson, B.C.; James, P.; Bell, T.; Bailey, M.; Whiteley, A.S. (2011). The bacterial biogeography of British soils. Environmental Microbiology, 13 (6). 1642-1654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02480.x

Scott, W.A. (2008).  CS Technical Report No.4/07: Statistical Report.  Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5202/1/CS_UK_2007_TR4%5B1%5D.pdf 


description: Data used are taken from the Countryside Survey Soils Report (Emmett et al. 2010) which can be found at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/9354/1/CS_UK_2007_TR9.pdf
DOI: 10.5285/782ec845-2135-4698-8881-b38823e533bf
title: Spatial datasets of radionuclide contamination in the Ukrainian Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

description: Data comprise radionuclide deposition, radioactivity dose measurements, radioactive particle activity and physical characteristic information from soil samples collected within and around the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) following the Chernobyl nuclear accident in 1986.

Data include radiocaesium, radiostrontium and soil chemistry parameters from soils collected in 1997, plutonium isotope measurements in soil samples and soil layers collected in 2000 and 2001, 'Hot particle' dataset presenting radionuclide activity and some physical characteristics of 'hot particles' extracted from soils collected in the Ukraine and Poland between 1995 and 1997; and Ivankov region data (radionuclide activity concentrations and natural background dose measurements) from a survey of the Ivankov region, immediately to the south of the CEZ conducted in 2014.

Funding for preparing this data set was provided by the EU COMET project (http://www.radioecology-exchange.org/content/comet) and TREE (http://www.ceh.ac.uk/tree) project funded by the NERC, Environment Agency and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd. under the RATE programme.
description: Soil samples were dried, sieved  (1 mm sieve) and homogenized.  Sub-samples were taken from each sample for the determination of the total contents of radionuclides:
Gamma spectrometry measurements were performed using HPGe-detectors, of 30 % relative efficiency and 1.90 keV FWHM for 1333 keV (GEM-30185, EG&G ORTEC, USA) and a multichannel analyser (ADCAM-300, ORTEC, USA) using GammaVision32 software. The efficiency calibration was carried out for the 1 L Marinelli geometry using a spiked soil sample containing 241Am, 243Am, 152Eu, 154Eu, 137Cs, 40K. The average counting time was about 1 hour; for samples of lower activity the counting time was extended to obtain an acceptable error on the measurement (<30 % at 95th percentile confidence interval). 
The activity of 90Sr was determined using a radiochemical method with treatment of the samples by boiling in 6M nitric acid for four hours. 
Standard methods were used to determine organic matter content (GOST 26213-91), pHH2O (GOST 26423-85), pHKcl (GOST 26483-85), hydrolytic acidity (determined using the Kappen method (GOST 26212-91)), exchangeable Ca (GOST 26487-85), exchangeable K and P contents were determined using a method appropriate to the specific soil type (GOST 26207-91, GOST26204-91).
DOI: 10.5285/f61dcdcc-b838-4bfa-8d94-7820114a68c8
title: Germination rates, seed and berry data of juniper trees from UK populations under a warm-cool stratification glasshouse experiment

description: This dataset includes data describing the berries and seeds of 172 juniper trees from nineteen populations across the UK and the proportional germination rate of each tree. Berries were collected and processed in 2015 and used in a germination trial that ran from 2015-2018. 

Variables included: average berry and seed weights, estimates of the number of viable and nonviable seeds, average number of seeds per berry, proportion of viable seeds that germinated.
description: Berries were collection from 18 populations in 2015 then measured and processed by hand. Berries were stored at 4 deg C as necessary to keep them from moulding until they could be processed. Dry seeds were also stored at 4 deg C until they were sown for the germination trial. The germination trial was conducted at the greenhouse at the UKCEH Edinburgh, and seeds were sown in 1:1 mixture of sand and compost. 

Seed trays were subjected to a warm stratification treatment (7-14 deg C) for four months, then a cool stratification (4 deg C) for 8 months before being placed in the glasshouse at the UKCEH, Edinburgh.