cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259500.v1
title: FAMILIES' VIEWS ON PHYSICAL EDUCATION: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

description: ABSTRACT It is clear that physical education is considered a compulsory subject and as such should be la-belled as an important subject, but this perspective is not always shared by the educational community. The aim of this study was to explore the perception of families with children enrolled in compulsory education about the subject of physical education. To this end, an ad hoc questionnaire was administered, consisting of 15 questions, two of which were socio-demographic in nature and the rest of which were Likert-type responses. The study is a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study sample consisted of a total of 120 respondents (M=40.28 years; SD= 6.95). Participants were selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The results showed a lack of knowledge regarding the subject of physical education which implies that there are diverse opinions about the functioning and the proposed aim of this subject. However, physical education should be seen as an essential subject for the integral development of the student.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259503
title: Epidemiological and anatomopathological findings of type 1 and 2 abomasum ulcers in cattle with different comorbidities

description: Abstract This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological and pathological findings of type 1 and 2 abomasal ulcers in cattle with different primary comorbidities. A total of 201 animals; 40/201 (20%) were young cattle under the age of two years and 161/201 (80%) were adult cattle over the age of two years, which were hospitalized for clinical care 152/201 (75,62%), 19/201 (9,45%) obstetric care, 17/201 (8,46%) surgical care and 13/201 (6,47%) for anatomopathological diagnosis, being euthanized or had natural death. The diagnosis of ulcers was based on the result of the post-mortem examination (macroscopic and histopathological analysis). Histopathological examination was performed on 201 fragments of ulcers and classified as type 1 or type 2. Of these, 193/201 (96.01%) corresponded to type 1 ulcers, of which 12/193 (5.97%) corresponded to subtype 1a lesions, 101/193 (50.25%) to subtype 1b, 77/ 193 (38.31%) to subtype 1c, 03/193 (1.49%) to subtype 1d, while 08/201 (3.98%) were type 2 ulcers. The ulcers were characterized by a focal, focally extensive, multifocal or diffuse inflammatory process, mainly by mononuclear cells. Abomasitis associated with ulcerated mucosa was found in 160/201 (79.60%). In 26/201 (12.93%) the abomasitis had diffuse foci of multifocal lymphocytic proliferation by atypical lymphocytes. Digestive and reproductive comorbidities were seen more frequently in cattle with type 1 or type 2 ulcers. The Subtype 1b focal ulcers and subtype 1a and 1b multifocal ulcers were more prevalent. In addition to the presence of comorbidities, most cases occur in the dry period, associated with feeding with higher amounts of concentrates and silages.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259506
title: The effects of exchange policy on public finances

description: ABSTRACT The study measures the direct effect of exchange policy on public finances in Brazil in the period 1985-1988. With the aim of measuring exchange policy effects, the change of real exchange rate vis-à-vis the American dollar will be used. The compilation of all public revenues and expenditures, affected by exchange rate changes, as well as their consolidation, was performed. For this purpose, the public sector balance of payments was drawn from actual data and, in their absence, from estimates. The survey concludes that the relationship between the Brazilian public sector and external sector, governed by the high external indebtedness determines a negative direct impact response of the public sector fiscal deficit to a real depreciation of the foreign exchange rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259506.v1
title: The effects of exchange policy on public finances

description: ABSTRACT The study measures the direct effect of exchange policy on public finances in Brazil in the period 1985-1988. With the aim of measuring exchange policy effects, the change of real exchange rate vis-à-vis the American dollar will be used. The compilation of all public revenues and expenditures, affected by exchange rate changes, as well as their consolidation, was performed. For this purpose, the public sector balance of payments was drawn from actual data and, in their absence, from estimates. The survey concludes that the relationship between the Brazilian public sector and external sector, governed by the high external indebtedness determines a negative direct impact response of the public sector fiscal deficit to a real depreciation of the foreign exchange rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259512
title: Identification of Heliothinae species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in chickpeas in central Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Chickpea is a commercially exploited crop on a relatively new scale in Brazil, that is why, little information on the main pests is available. Mostly caterpillars showing Heliothinae morphological characteristics have emerged in production areas. In order to point out the species of these insects in chickpea fields produced in the Federal District and the surrounding areas, this study aimed to determine the morphological and molecular identification of these invertebrates in order to assist producers in pest management in a more sustainable way. Caterpillars were hand-collected directly from the plants in six sites and the moth collection was collected using light traps in four sites, monthly, in 2017 and 2018. The morphological identification was made through the adult insect genitalia and the subsequent molecular identification was performed using the cytochrome oxidase I enzyme with the quantitative PCR technique, which resulted in the development of an efficient and low-cost DNA extraction protocol to be used in samples under unfavorable storage conditions. Morphological and molecular studies showed the presence of Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Chloridea virescens and Chloridea subflexa, with a predominance of Chloridea virescens in chickpea plants. Chloridea subflexa was verified for the first time feeding on chickpeas in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259512.v1
title: Identification of Heliothinae species (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in chickpeas in central Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Chickpea is a commercially exploited crop on a relatively new scale in Brazil, that is why, little information on the main pests is available. Mostly caterpillars showing Heliothinae morphological characteristics have emerged in production areas. In order to point out the species of these insects in chickpea fields produced in the Federal District and the surrounding areas, this study aimed to determine the morphological and molecular identification of these invertebrates in order to assist producers in pest management in a more sustainable way. Caterpillars were hand-collected directly from the plants in six sites and the moth collection was collected using light traps in four sites, monthly, in 2017 and 2018. The morphological identification was made through the adult insect genitalia and the subsequent molecular identification was performed using the cytochrome oxidase I enzyme with the quantitative PCR technique, which resulted in the development of an efficient and low-cost DNA extraction protocol to be used in samples under unfavorable storage conditions. Morphological and molecular studies showed the presence of Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea, Chloridea virescens and Chloridea subflexa, with a predominance of Chloridea virescens in chickpea plants. Chloridea subflexa was verified for the first time feeding on chickpeas in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259510
title: The Brazilian duality of Ignácio Rangel

description: ABSTRACT Brazilians dub the eighties “the lost decade”. After forty years of an average annual growth of 7%, the GDP per inhabitant dropped 5% in that decade. Ignácio Rangel, a Marxist economist, foresaw the coming of the crisis in 1978, and suggested the only way out: the privatization of the public utilities. That was before Reagan and Thatcher. The “Brazilian Duality” is the mainspring of Rangel’s thought. According to it, the national economy must be analysed from both its “internal side”, i.e., the national economy itself, and its “external side”, the world economy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259510.v1
title: The Brazilian duality of Ignácio Rangel

description: ABSTRACT Brazilians dub the eighties “the lost decade”. After forty years of an average annual growth of 7%, the GDP per inhabitant dropped 5% in that decade. Ignácio Rangel, a Marxist economist, foresaw the coming of the crisis in 1978, and suggested the only way out: the privatization of the public utilities. That was before Reagan and Thatcher. The “Brazilian Duality” is the mainspring of Rangel’s thought. According to it, the national economy must be analysed from both its “internal side”, i.e., the national economy itself, and its “external side”, the world economy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259518.v1
title: Social representations of racism and social exclusion. Contemporary Haitian human mobility in Latin America

description: Abstract The objective is to document and interpret the representations about racism and social exclusion that Haitian people in a condition of transnational migration have built, from experiences during integration processes in host cities in Chile and Mexico. Based on theoretical references on social representations and a conceptual fabric between racism, social exclusion and job insecurity, a content analysis is carried out with a narrative approach focused on the discourse of the interviewees. The results show representations that project daily lives symbolically violated by practices generated in the receiving societies, marked by racism, social exclusion and employability in precarious situations. These tensions are linked to an irregular migratory condition, they are recurrent although not generalized. They reflect, to different degrees and different nuances, a structural condition that operates at the macro and micro social levels in both Chile and Mexico.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259518
title: Social representations of racism and social exclusion. Contemporary Haitian human mobility in Latin America

description: Abstract The objective is to document and interpret the representations about racism and social exclusion that Haitian people in a condition of transnational migration have built, from experiences during integration processes in host cities in Chile and Mexico. Based on theoretical references on social representations and a conceptual fabric between racism, social exclusion and job insecurity, a content analysis is carried out with a narrative approach focused on the discourse of the interviewees. The results show representations that project daily lives symbolically violated by practices generated in the receiving societies, marked by racism, social exclusion and employability in precarious situations. These tensions are linked to an irregular migratory condition, they are recurrent although not generalized. They reflect, to different degrees and different nuances, a structural condition that operates at the macro and micro social levels in both Chile and Mexico.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259519
title: Gaps and setbacks in medical provision programs in the Amazon: challenges for the federal managers

description: Abstract The objective of this conjuncture note is to analyze the development of the Programs Mais Médicos and Médicos pelo Brasil in remote and rural Amazonian areas, pointing out challenges and disputes arising from local implementations. A bibliographical and observational survey was carried out on these programs in the Legal Amazon and the medical provision in the Brazilian Primary Health Care between 2013 and 2022. Literature with positive trends on the work process was identified, as well as primary care indicators with the implementation of Mais Médicos in these localities, but were drastically affected after the rupture of Brazil-Cuba cooperation in 2018. Alternatives such as hiring Brazilian physicians graduates abroad by the Mais Médicos and the promise of career of doctors in Brazil were not enough to ensure reasonable coverage of local teams. Progressive emptying is noticed in Mais Médicos in the region, without the equivalent replacement of Médicos pelo Brasil. Lack of studies is recognized on the Mais Médicos in the Amazon, especially after 2018, as well as data on the initial developments of Médicos pelo Brasil. Filling gaps and overcoming setbacks are necessary in the local medical provision, at risk of perpetuating serious inequalities in the health field.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259519.v1
title: Gaps and setbacks in medical provision programs in the Amazon: challenges for the federal managers

description: Abstract The objective of this conjuncture note is to analyze the development of the Programs Mais Médicos and Médicos pelo Brasil in remote and rural Amazonian areas, pointing out challenges and disputes arising from local implementations. A bibliographical and observational survey was carried out on these programs in the Legal Amazon and the medical provision in the Brazilian Primary Health Care between 2013 and 2022. Literature with positive trends on the work process was identified, as well as primary care indicators with the implementation of Mais Médicos in these localities, but were drastically affected after the rupture of Brazil-Cuba cooperation in 2018. Alternatives such as hiring Brazilian physicians graduates abroad by the Mais Médicos and the promise of career of doctors in Brazil were not enough to ensure reasonable coverage of local teams. Progressive emptying is noticed in Mais Médicos in the region, without the equivalent replacement of Médicos pelo Brasil. Lack of studies is recognized on the Mais Médicos in the Amazon, especially after 2018, as well as data on the initial developments of Médicos pelo Brasil. Filling gaps and overcoming setbacks are necessary in the local medical provision, at risk of perpetuating serious inequalities in the health field.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259521
title: Differences in the typology of dairy systems producing artisanal cheese and those producing only raw milk in Paraná State, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT We sought to develop a typology describing structural, production, and socioeconomic characteristics of dairy systems that produce artisanal cheese and compare it with that of systems that produce only raw milk. Data on 204 raw milk producers and 58 artisanal cheese producers in Paraná State, Brazil, were collected through on-site surveys and subjected to descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and means tests. Descriptive analyses were applied to characterize the sample and artisanal cheese production processes. Factor analysis identified the following three typological components: system production capacity, herd breed and milking characteristics, and farmer social characteristics. Farmers were divided into two groups, as follows: non-cheese producers (NCP) and artisanal cheese producers (ACP). Groups of farmers were compared in terms of typological components. It was found that ACP have smaller structure and production scale and focus less on herd breed and practices for improving milk quality than NCP. These results suggest that artisanal cheese production is a strategy to add value to milk that does not meet institutional or market requirements for transactions with the dairy industry, providing a foothold for producers to remain in the dairy business. Groups of farmers (ACP and NCP) do not differ in social indicators of typology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259521.v1
title: Differences in the typology of dairy systems producing artisanal cheese and those producing only raw milk in Paraná State, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT We sought to develop a typology describing structural, production, and socioeconomic characteristics of dairy systems that produce artisanal cheese and compare it with that of systems that produce only raw milk. Data on 204 raw milk producers and 58 artisanal cheese producers in Paraná State, Brazil, were collected through on-site surveys and subjected to descriptive analysis, factor analysis, and means tests. Descriptive analyses were applied to characterize the sample and artisanal cheese production processes. Factor analysis identified the following three typological components: system production capacity, herd breed and milking characteristics, and farmer social characteristics. Farmers were divided into two groups, as follows: non-cheese producers (NCP) and artisanal cheese producers (ACP). Groups of farmers were compared in terms of typological components. It was found that ACP have smaller structure and production scale and focus less on herd breed and practices for improving milk quality than NCP. These results suggest that artisanal cheese production is a strategy to add value to milk that does not meet institutional or market requirements for transactions with the dairy industry, providing a foothold for producers to remain in the dairy business. Groups of farmers (ACP and NCP) do not differ in social indicators of typology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259522
title: A new Bayesian approach to the Toler model for evaluating the adaptability and stability of genotypes

description: Abstract This study aimed to apply, in unprecedented depth, a Bayesian approach to the non-linear regression model developed by Toler for evaluating the stability and adaptability of genotypes. Twenty-five soybean cultivars were evaluated in twenty-one plots across the midwestern of Brazil. A complete block design was employed, with three replications. The evaluated variable was grain yield. The proposed methodology was implemented in the R program by means of the BRugs package. The methodology was capable of differentiating the effect of the environment on soybean cultivars in terms of yield in the different environments, allowing exploration of the response of each genotype to environmental variations. Cultivars 6266RSF, NS6990, GD19I435, GD19I439, GD19C443, RC0496 and IA18661 presented good stability and general adaptability, being the most recommended for future evaluations. The other cultivars presented specific adaptability and high responsiveness to unfavorable environments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259522.v1
title: A new Bayesian approach to the Toler model for evaluating the adaptability and stability of genotypes

description: Abstract This study aimed to apply, in unprecedented depth, a Bayesian approach to the non-linear regression model developed by Toler for evaluating the stability and adaptability of genotypes. Twenty-five soybean cultivars were evaluated in twenty-one plots across the midwestern of Brazil. A complete block design was employed, with three replications. The evaluated variable was grain yield. The proposed methodology was implemented in the R program by means of the BRugs package. The methodology was capable of differentiating the effect of the environment on soybean cultivars in terms of yield in the different environments, allowing exploration of the response of each genotype to environmental variations. Cultivars 6266RSF, NS6990, GD19I435, GD19I439, GD19C443, RC0496 and IA18661 presented good stability and general adaptability, being the most recommended for future evaluations. The other cultivars presented specific adaptability and high responsiveness to unfavorable environments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259524
title: Composting of fresh vegetable residues and its application in lettuce cultivation

description: ABSTRACT A considerable part of fresh plant-based food has been discarded as waste, although it could be used to make organic compost for growing plants, retaining nutrient that would be discarded without any control in the environment. The aim of this study was to produce an organic compost using fresh vegetable food discarded from restaurants and mowed grass and to evaluate it for production of lettuce. The compost was produced and mixed with the commercial substrate Tropstrato HT Hortaliças® to occupy 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25% of the volume of the mixture, which was used to grow Imperial and Imperial Roxa cultivars in the first experiment, and Camila and Red Star lettuce cultivars in the second one. The experiments were conducted under protected environment, organized in a 6x2 factorial scheme, following completely randomized design with three replicates. Chemical analyses of the substrate and compost and measurements of plant size and mass were carried out. The addition of compost caused an increase in all measurements of the plant traits, with the maximum estimated increase ranging from 1.7 to 9.0 times that estimated for the absence of compost in the plant growth substrate. Maximum estimated values for size and mass were observed with compost concentrations ranging from 20.1 to 26.7% of the mixture volume. The production of organic compost and its mixture with a commercial substrate proved to be an alternative for lettuce production, giving a better destination to the organic residues and promoting a reduction in the use of industrial inputs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23259524.v1
title: Composting of fresh vegetable residues and its application in lettuce cultivation

description: ABSTRACT A considerable part of fresh plant-based food has been discarded as waste, although it could be used to make organic compost for growing plants, retaining nutrient that would be discarded without any control in the environment. The aim of this study was to produce an organic compost using fresh vegetable food discarded from restaurants and mowed grass and to evaluate it for production of lettuce. The compost was produced and mixed with the commercial substrate Tropstrato HT Hortaliças® to occupy 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25% of the volume of the mixture, which was used to grow Imperial and Imperial Roxa cultivars in the first experiment, and Camila and Red Star lettuce cultivars in the second one. The experiments were conducted under protected environment, organized in a 6x2 factorial scheme, following completely randomized design with three replicates. Chemical analyses of the substrate and compost and measurements of plant size and mass were carried out. The addition of compost caused an increase in all measurements of the plant traits, with the maximum estimated increase ranging from 1.7 to 9.0 times that estimated for the absence of compost in the plant growth substrate. Maximum estimated values for size and mass were observed with compost concentrations ranging from 20.1 to 26.7% of the mixture volume. The production of organic compost and its mixture with a commercial substrate proved to be an alternative for lettuce production, giving a better destination to the organic residues and promoting a reduction in the use of industrial inputs.