cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m4r46
title: Data from: Biomechanical diversity of mating structures among harvestmen species is consistent with a spectrum of precopulatory strategies

description: Diversity in reproductive structures is frequently explained by selection
 acting at individual to generational timescales, but interspecific
 differences predicted by such models (e.g., female choice or sexual
 conflict) are often untestable in a phylogenetic framework. An alternative
 approach focuses on clade- or function-specific hypotheses that predict
 evolutionary patterns in terms neutral to specific modes of sexual
 selection. Here we test a hypothesis that diversity of reproductive
 structures in leiobunine harvestmen (daddy longlegs) of eastern North
 America reflects two sexually coevolved but non-overlapping precopulatory
 strategies, a primitive solicitous strategy (females enticed by
 penis-associated nuptial gifts), and a multiply derived antagonistic
 strategy (penis exerts mechanical force against armature of the female
 pregenital opening). Predictions of sexual coevolution and fidelity to
 precopulatory categories were tested using 10 continuously varying
 functional traits from 28 species. Multivariate analyses corroborated
 sexual coevolution but failed to partition species by precopulatory
 strategy, with multiple methods placing species along a spectrum of
 mechanical antagonistic potential. These findings suggest that
 precopulatory features within species reflect different co-occurring
 levels of solicitation and antagonism, and that gradualistic evolutionary
 pathways exist between extreme strategies. The ability to quantify
 antagonistic potential of precopulatory structures invites comparison with
 ecological variables that may promote evolutionary shifts in precopulatory
 strategies.
description: meanheights1Nexus file of maximum clade credibility tree.MechDataDimensionally size-corrected, log10-transformed data file.DFAmorphoDimensionally size-corrected, log10 transformed data file for discriminant analysis.BurnsShultzMechDataAnalysisR script for all phylogenetic comparative analysis.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18383650
title: SARS-CoV-2 Infektionen in Deutschland

description: Im Datensatz "SARS-CoV-2 Infektionen in Deutschland" des Robert Koch-Instituts werden die Daten basierend auf Meldungen zu SARS-CoV-2 Infektionen nach dem Infektionsschutzgesetz (IfSG) bereitgestellt. Darin enthalten sind Informationen auf Landkreisebene zu bestätigten Infektionen, Todesfällen und Genesungen, differenziert nach Altersgruppen und Geschlecht. Diese Daten dienen als Grundlage für epidemiologische Bewertungen und gesundheitspolitische Maßnahmen.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j4923
title: Data from: Complex effects of inbreeding on biparental cooperation

description: There is mounting evidence that inbreeding can have detrimental effects on
 the fitness of outbred individuals that interact with or depend on inbred
 individuals. However, little is currently known about the behavioral
 mechanisms by which interactions with inbred individuals induce fitness
 costs in outbred individuals. Here, we study effects of inbreeding on the
 behavioral dynamics of biparental cooperation in the burying beetle
 Nicrophorus vespilloides. To this end, we used a two-by-two factorial
 design, in which an inbred or outbred female was mated to an inbred or an
 outbred male and tested for effects on cooperation between male and female
 parents providing care for their joint offspring. We found no evidence
 that inbred parents provided less care than outbred parents. Nevertheless,
 partners of inbred parents increased the amount of care they provided,
 leading to overcompensation. Our study shows that inbreeding can have
 strong and complex effects on the behavioral dynamics of biparental
 cooperation and that these effects are mediated mainly through changes in
 the partner’s behavior. We suggest that similar effects of inbreeding on
 outbred individuals may extend to other social contexts, such as
 cooperative breeding and mating.
description: Dryad - Complex effects
 of inbreeding on biparenatal cooperationMicrosoft Excel file
 containing data collected in a laboratory experiment at the University of
 Edinburgh. For an explanation of short hand column titles a read me file
 is attached.For Dryad - Mattey &
 Smiseth - Complex effects of inbreeding on biparenatal
 cooperation.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gv0hb
title: Data from: Brood size, telomere length, and parent-offspring color signaling in barn swallows

description: Trade-offs select for optimal allocation of resources among competing
 functions. Parents are selected to maximize production of viable offspring
 by balancing between progeny number and “quality.” Telomeres are
 nucleoproteins, at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, that shorten when
 cells divide. Because shortening below a certain threshold depresses
 organismal functioning and rate of shortening depends on environmental
 conditions, telomeres are good candidates as mediators of trade-offs. We
 altered brood size of barn swallow Hirundo rustica and found that brood
 enlargement caused a reduction in relative telomere length (RTL). Reliable
 signals of offspring quality should evolve that mediate adaptive parental
 care allocation. Because nestlings with darker coloration receive more
 care, we analyzed the covariation between RTL and coloration and found
 that RTL increased with plumage darkness, both within and between broods.
 Hence, we provide unprecedented evidence that signals relevant to
 parent-offspring communication reflect telomere length and thus offspring
 reproductive value.
description: Costanzo et
 al_data_Telomeres, brood size and offspring signalsdata
 costanzo.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s9b8d
title: Data from: Maternal food availability affects offspring performance and survival in a viviparous lizard

description: 1. Whether maternal effects are adaptive or not has been a long standing
 topic of discussion in evolutionary ecology. The effects of maternal diet
 on offspring has been addressed by several studies on diverse organisms,
 but results are typically conflicting or inconclusive. 2. In this study,
 we conducted food manipulation experiments with a factorial design (high
 and low maternal food conditions × high and low offspring food conditions)
 in a viviparous lacertid lizard (Eremias multiocellata) to test four
 competing hypotheses on the evolutionary significance of maternal effects:
 environmental matching hypothesis, low-food compensation hypothesis,
 low-food pathology hypothesis, and no-compensation hypothesis. 3. We found
 that offspring under the maternal low-food treatment had higher growth and
 survival rates than those under the maternal high-food treatment,
 supporting the low-food compensation hypothesis rather than the
 environmental matching hypothesis, which has been widely accepted as an
 explanation for the adaptive significance of maternal effects. 4. Our
 study highlights the importance of testing multiple competing hypotheses
 that involve both adaptive and non-adaptive explanations when studying the
 evolutionary significance of phenotypic plasticity.
description: Food effects on
 lizardsThe effects of maternal
 and offspring food availability on offspring traitsfood
 effect-Data.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5f6v8
title: Data from: Assessment of tea garden soils at An’xi County in southeast China reveals a mild threat from contamination of potentially harmful elements

description: An extensive study on the spatial distribution characteristics of
 potentially harmful elements (PHEs) in tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O.
 Kuntze) garden soils and ecological risk assessment at An’xi County, the
 birthplace of oolong tea in China, was implemented. A total of 78 soil
 samples were examined to determine the concentration of five PHEs (As, Cd,
 Cr, Hg, and Pb), soil organic matter, and pH by using geostatistical
 approaches combined with geographic information system (GIS) analysis. All
 potentially harmful elements presented in the study area were slightly
 higher than their background values for provincial and national standards
 except Cr. Moreover, ecological risk assessment of PHEs in the tea garden
 soils at An’xi County was performed by means of the Håkanson method. The
 average ecological potential risk index (Er) of the five PHEs followed a
 descending order of Cd &gt; Hg &gt; Pb &gt; As &gt; Cr,
 and suggested a moderate ecological risk in the study area.
description: Soil
 dataMetal concentrations,
 pH, Soil organic matter concentrations, coordinates of sampling
 sitesRaw
 data.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j14316c
title: Data from: Tracking data and retrospective analyses of diet reveal the consequences of loss of marine subsidies for an obligate scavenger, the Andean condor

description: Over the last century, marine mammals have been dramatically reduced in
 the world’s oceans. We examined evidence that this change caused dietary
 and foraging pattern shifts of the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) in
 Patagonia. We hypothesized that, after the decrease in marine mammals and
 the increase in human use of coastlines, condor diet changed to a more
 terrestrial diet which, in turn, influenced their foraging patterns. We
 evaluated the diet by means of stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N and
 δ34S) of current (last decade) and historical (1841-1933) feathers. We
 further evaluated the movement patterns of 23 condors using satellite
 tracking of individuals. Condors reduced their use of marine-derived prey
 in recent compared to historical times from 33±13% to less than 8±3%
 respectively, however, they still breed close to the coast. The average
 distance between the coast and nests was 62.5 km. Some nests were located
 close to the sea, but some birds forage up to 86k m from nesting sites and
 must cross over the mountain range to find food. The worldwide reduction
 in marine mammal carcasses, especially whales, may have major consequences
 on the foraging ecology of scavengers as well as on the flux of marine
 inputs within terrestrial ecosystems.
description: File_SIA_CondorIsotopic values of historical and modern Andean condors and their main trophic resources collected in the Patagonian area
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m827p
title: Data from: Vascular plants mediate the effects of aridity and soil properties on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and archaea

description: An integrated perspective of the most important factors driving the
 abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) in natural
 ecosystems is lacking, especially in drylands. We evaluated how different
 climatic, abiotic, and nutrient-related factors determine AOA and AOB
 abundance in bare and vegetated microsites from grasslands throughout the
 Mediterranean Basin. We found a strong negative relationship between the
 abundance of AOA genes and soil fertility (availability of C, N, and P).
 Aridity and other abiotic factors (pH, sand content, and electrical
 conductivity) were more important than soil fertility in modulating the
 AOA/AOB ratio. AOB were more abundant under vegetated microsites, while
 AOA, highly resistant to stressful conditions, were more abundant in bare
 ground areas. These results suggest that AOA may carry out nitrification
 in less fertile microsites, while AOB predominate under more fertile
 conditions. Our results indicate that the influence of aridity and pH on
 the relative dominance of AOA and AOB genes is ultimately determined by
 local-scale environmental changes promoted by perennial vegetation. Thus,
 in spatially heterogeneous ecosystems such as drylands, there is a mutual
 exclusion and niche division between these microorganisms, suggesting that
 they may be functionally complementary.
description: Abundance of amoA and
 amoB genes in soils from Stipa tenacissima grasslands along an aridity
 gradient in the MediterraneanData on the abundance of
 amoA and amoB genes in soils from Stipa tenacissima grasslands along a
 Mediterranean aridity gradient (from Spain to Tunisia). The database also
 includes information about different soil variables and the abiotic
 characteristics of the sites surveyed. All the units and information about
 the variables are included in the "Metadata"
 spreadsheet.FEMS_dryad.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.33fq5
title: Data from: Parasites in bloom: flowers aid dispersal and transmission of pollinator parasites within and between bee species

description: The dispersal of parasites is critical for epidemiology, and the
 interspecific vectoring of parasites when species share resources may play
 an underappreciated role in parasite dispersal. One of the best examples
 of such a situation is the shared use of flowers by pollinators, but the
 importance of flowers and interspecific vectoring in the dispersal of
 pollinator parasites is poorly understood and frequently overlooked. Here,
 we use an experimental approach to show that during even short foraging
 periods of 3 h, three bumblebee parasites and two honeybee parasites were
 dispersed effectively onto flowers by their hosts, and then vectored
 readily between flowers by non-host pollinator species. The results
 suggest that flowers are likely to be hotspots for the transmission of
 pollinator parasites and that considering potential vector, as well as
 host, species will be of general importance for understanding the
 distribution and transmission of parasites in the environment and between
 pollinators.
description: Apis provider Apis
 coloniesSPSS data
 fileApis provider Bombus
 coloniesSPSS data
 fileApis Provider_All
 flowersSPSS data
 fileBombus Provider Apis
 coloniesSPSS data
 fileBombus Provider Bombus
 coloniesSPSS data
 fileBombus Provider_All
 flowersSPSS data
 file
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j2c13
title: Data from: Influence of sediment characteristics on the composition of soft-sediment intertidal communities in the northern Gulf of Mexico

description: Benthic infaunal communities are important components of coastal
 ecosystems. Understanding the relationships between the structure of these
 communities and characteristics of the habitat in which they live is
 becoming progressively more important as coastal systems face increasing
 stress from anthropogenic impacts and changes in climate. To examine how
 sediment characteristics and infaunal community composition were related
 along the northern Gulf of Mexico coast, we sampled intertidal infaunal
 communities at seven sites covering common habitat types at a regional
 scale. Across 69 samples, the communities clustered into four distinct
 groups on the basis of faunal composition. Nearly 70% of the variation in
 the composition of the communities was explained by salinity, median grain
 size, and total organic content. Our results suggest that at a regional
 level coarse habitat characteristics are able to explain a large amount of
 the variation among sites in infaunal community structure. By examining
 the relationships between infaunal communities and their sedimentary
 habitats, we take a necessary first step that will allow the exploration
 of how changes in habitat and community composition influence higher
 trophic levels and ecosystem scale processes.
description: Community Composition
 DataExcel spreadsheet
 containing data on community composition of intertidal invertebrate
 communities along the Northern Gulf of Mexico coast at 7 sites. Each
 column provides data from a single sample. For each sample, the date the
 sample was collected, the date the sample was sorted and the abundance of
 within 24 taxa are recorded. Specific information on the location of
 samples is given in the sampling data.Invert Community Data 2012
 RAW.xlsxSampling
 DataSampling data for cores
 taken to assess intertidal invertebrate composition at seven sites along
 the Northern Gulf of Mexico coast. For each group of samples the date of
 collection, location, time, size and material of the corer used,
 lattitude, longitude and general weather conditions are
 recorded.2012 Invertebrates sampling
 data.xlsxSediment
 DataCSV file containing data
 on sediment granulometrics determined by a laser diffraction particle size
 analyzer for sediment from 7 sites along the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Each
 row is a sample and the columns give different summary statistics grain
 size distributions.Sediment data
 2012.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b551h
title: Data from: Medical school selection criteria as predictors of medical student empathy: a cross-sectional study of medical students, Ireland

description: Objectives: To determine whether performance in any of the HPAT sections,
 most specifically the interpersonal understanding section, correlates with
 self-reported empathy levels in medical students. Setting: The study was
 conducted in University College Cork, Ireland. Participants: 290 students
 participated in the study. Matching HPAT scores were available for 263
 students. All male and female undergraduate students were invited to
 participate. Post graduate and international students were excluded.
 Primary and secondary outcome measures: HPAT-Ireland and JSPE scores were
 compared including subsection analysis. Comparisons were made between
 groups such as gender and year of programme. Results : A total of 290
 students participated. Males scored significantly higher than females for
 total HPAT-Ireland [U = 7329, z = -2.04, p &lt; 0.05], HPAT-Ireland
 Section 1 [U = 5382, z = -5.21, p &lt; 0.0001], and Section 3 scores
 [U = 6833, z = -2.85, p &lt; 0.01]. In contrast, females scored
 significantly higher than males on HPAT-Ireland Section 2 [U = 5844, z =
 -4.46, p &lt; 0.0001]. Females demonstrated significantly higher total
 JSPE scores relative to males [mean score ± SEM: 113.33 ± 1.05 vs 109.21 ±
 0.95; U = 8450, z = -2.83, p &lt; 0.01]. No significant association
 was observed between JSPE scores and any of the HPAT-Ireland measures [all
 p &gt; 0.05]. There was no effect of programme year on JSPE scores
 [all p &gt;0.05]. Conclusion : The introduction of the HPAT–Ireland
 test was partly designed to identify students with strong interpersonal
 skills. A significant finding of this study is that JSPE values did not
 correlate with HPAT-Ireland scores. This study suggests no clear link
 between scores on a selection test, the HPAT-Ireland, which is designed to
 assess several skill domains including interpersonal skills, and scores on
 a psychometric measure of empathy, at any point during medical education.
description: HPAT
 excelExcel file of data input
 for study. This data set is an excel sheet of all the students who
 answered the JSPE questionnaire with stated empathy score aligned with
 their corresponding gender, age, year of study, HPAT results (total HPAT,
 subsection 1,2 and 3).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sp70m
title: Data from: High cover of hedgerows in the landscape supports multiple ecosystem services in Mediterranean cereal fields

description: Field-margin diversification through conservation and restoration of
 hedgerows is becoming a prominent intervention for promoting biodiversity
 and associated ecosystem services in intensive agricultural landscapes.
 However, how increasing cover of hedgerows in the landscape can affect
 ecosystem services has rarely been considered. Here, we assessed the
 effect of increased field-margin complexity at the local scale and
 increasing cover of hedgerows in the landscape on the provision of pest
 control, weed control and potential pollination. Locally, three types of
 field margin were compared as follows: (i) standard grass margin, (ii)
 simple hedgerow and (iii) complex hedgerow, along two independent
 gradients of hedgerow cover and arable land cover in the landscape. We
 performed an exclusion experiment to measure biological control of cereal
 aphids and assessed natural enemy and pest abundance in the field. We
 sampled plant weed communities and performed a phytometer experiment to
 test the effects of pollinators on plant reproductive success. At the
 local scale, planting a new hedgerow or improving its structural
 complexity and vegetation diversity did not enhance the delivery of
 ecosystem services in the neighbouring field. However, high cover of
 hedgerows in the landscape enhanced aphid parasitism (from 12 to 18%) and
 potential pollination (visitation rate and seed set increased up to 70%)
 irrespective of local margin quality. The cover of arable land in the
 landscape reduced the abundance of plant-dwelling predators and weed
 diversity, but did not affect the delivery of the investigated ecosystem
 services. Synthesis and applications. Our results highlight the key
 importance of the surrounding landscape context, rather than local
 factors, to the delivery of ecosystem services. This suggests a need for
 new policies that pay particular attention to the conservation of
 hedgerows at large scales for promoting multiple ecosystem services in
 agroecosystems. Specifically, hedgerows can serve to develop a network of
 ecological corridors that can facilitate the movement of beneficial
 organisms, such as pollinators and natural enemies in the agricultural
 matrix. Such interventions may be a ‘low cost–high benefit solution’,
 since farmers can create or conserve high-quality habitats taking little
 or no land from crop production and without the need to change their crop
 management.
description: Dainese_etal_2016_JAEThe excel file contains data regarding (1) landscape composition, (2) field margin structure, (3) predation index (cage experiment), (4) abundance of aphids, vegetation-dwelling predators (ladybirds, web spiders and lacewings), and parasitism rate, (5) abundance of ground-dwelling predators (carabids, rove beetles and cursorial spiders), (6) weed species richness and weed cover, (7) visitation rate (phytometer experiment), and (8) seed set (phytometer experiment).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3486n266
title: Data from: Chikungunya virus impacts the diversity of symbiotic bacteria in mosquito vector

description: Mosquitoes transmit numerous arboviruses including dengue and chikungunya
 virus (CHIKV). In recent years, mosquito species Aedes albopictus has
 expanded in the Indian Ocean region and was the principal vector of
 chikungunya outbreaks in La Reunion and neighbouring islands in 2005 and
 2006. Vector-associated bacteria have recently been found to interact with
 transmitted pathogens. For instance, Wolbachia modulates the replication
 of viruses or parasites. However there has been no systematic evaluation
 of the diversity of the entire bacterial populations within mosquito
 individuals particularly in relation to virus invasion. Here, we
 investigated the effect of CHIKV infection on the whole bacterial
 community of Ae. albopictus. Taxonomic microarrays and quantitative PCR
 showed that members of Alpha-, and Gamma-proteobacteria phyla, as well as
 Bacteroidetes, responded to CHIKV infection. The abundance of bacteria
 from the Enterobacteriaceae family increased with CHIKV infection whereas
 the abundance of known insect endosymbionts like Wolbachia and
 Blattabacterium decreased. Our results clearly link pathogen propagation
 with changes in the dynamics of the bacterial community suggesting that
 cooperation or competition occurs within the host, which may in turn
 affects mosquito traits like vector competence.
description: Kinetics_CHIKVRelative_density_bacteria_Ae. albopictus_ALPROVRelative_Intensity_Probes discriminating infected from noninfected