cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/4826f7c3-d6f2-47e5-8dda-c084e54720f6
title: Stem respiration in human-modified forests of Eastern Amazonia 

description: This dataset includes measurements of stem respiration in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from June 2015 until July 2018. In December 2015, during the El Niño-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires.  
description: We measured stem respiration in 20 study plots (0.25ha) distributed along a gradient of forest disturbance in Eastern Amazonia: undisturbed primary forests (n = 5), logged primary forests (n = 5), logged-and-burned primary forests (n = 5), and secondary forests (n = 5). Forest disturbance classes were based on both an analysis of canopy disturbance in a chronosequence of satellite images (1988 to 2010) and on field assessments of fire scars, charcoal, and logging debris.

We installed stem collars in at least 13 trees per plot. These were installed 20 cm above dendrometers on trees stratified in five DBH classes: 10-19.99 cm, 20-29.99 cm, 30-39.99 cm, 40-49.99, and ≥50 cm. Collars were made out of PVC and had approximately 5 cm height and 10 cm diameter. The collar was connected to an infrared gas analyser (EGM5®) to measure the stem CO2 efflux (i.e. stem respiration). Measures were taken every 3 months.
DOI: 10.5285/d01084b2-c3b1-4187-b2e7-b0827c738855
title: Litterfall production in human-modified forests of Eastern Amazonia

description: This dataset includes measurements of litter in 20 plots (250 x 10 m each) in the Brazilian Amazon. Study plots were distributed across a gradient of forest disturbance, including: undisturbed primary forests , logged primary forests, logged-and-burned primary forests, and secondary forests. Data were collected from January 2015 until October 2018. In December 2015, during the El Niño-mediated drought, eight of our study plots were affected by understory fires. 
description: We sampled litter in 20 study plots (0.25ha) distributed along a gradient of forest disturbance in Eastern Amazonia: undisturbed primary forests (n = 5), logged primary forests (n = 5), logged-and-burned primary forests (n = 5), and secondary forests (n = 5). Forest disturbance classes were based on both an analysis of canopy disturbance in a chronosequence of satellite images (1988 to 2010) and on field assessments of fire scars, charcoal, and logging debris.  

Six litterfall traps (50 x 50 cm; 0.25 m2) were installed in each plot, spaced 50 m apart. Traps were placed 1.20 m above the ground. Trap contents at each site were collected every two weeks. All samples were taken to the field lab and separated into six parts – leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, wood, and rest (i.e. non-identifiable parts). Samples were then oven-dried at 80oC for 3 days before being and weighed to the nearest 0.01 g.
DOI: 10.5285/3b077711-f183-42f1-bac6-c892922c81f4
title: Global hydrological dataset of daily streamflow data from the Reference Observatory of Basins for INternational hydrological climate change detection (ROBIN), 1863 - 2022

description: The Reference Observatory of Basins for INternational hydrological climate change detection (ROBIN) dataset is a global hydrological dataset containing publicly available daily flow data for 2,386 gauging stations across the globe which have natural or near-natural catchments. Metadata is also provided alongside these stations for the Full ROBIN Dataset consisting of 3,060 gauging stations. Data were quality controlled by the central ROBIN team before being added to the dataset, and two levels of data quality are applied to guide users towards appropriate the data usage. Most records have data of at least 40 years with minimal missing data with data records starting in the late 19th Century for some sites through to 2022.

ROBIN represents a significant advance in global-scale, accessible streamflow data.

The project was funded the UK Natural Environment Research Council Global Partnership Seedcorn Fund - NE/W004038/1 and the NC-International programme [NE/X006247/1] delivering National Capability
description: Data were provided by national measuring agencies following a selection process from their wider networks. Following submission of data and metadata to the ROBIN Network, a quality control process was conducted centrally to assess the quality and suitability of the station's inclusion in the dataset. Daily streamflow records were visually screened for change points, visually anomalous conditions indicating methodology changes or infilled data gaps and obvious errors in the data. Stations were removed if they showed signs of not having a sufficiently ‘near-natural' regime, and edits were made over datasets to remove obviously erroneous data periods.
DOI: 10.5285/9f80e349-0594-4ae1-bff3-b055638569f8
title: High-resolution time series of turbidity, suspended sediment concentration, total phosphorus concentration, and discharge in the Littlestock Brook, England, 2017-2021

description: This dataset contains high-resolution (5-minute) discharge, turbidity, suspended sediment concentration, and total phosphorus concentration data measured at three stream sites in the Littlestock Brook catchment (a tributary of the River Evenlode) from 2017 to 2021. The turbidity and concentration data were derived from a combination of instream sensors and lab-analysed water samples. Discharge data were derived using a stage-discharge rating curve constructed from manual measurements of flow velocity and water level sensor measurements. This dataset was collected by UKCEH as part of a hydrological monitoring programme for the Littlestock Brook Natural Flood Management scheme. There are some periods of data gaps within the timeseries as a result of sensor errors which have been excluded. These data may be used to calculate suspended sediment and phosphorus fluxes loads leaving the catchment.

This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/L002531/1).

description: Data were generated using water level and turbidity sensors. Spot measurements of stream discharge were made using the velocity-area method and the dilution method to construct rating curves. Water samples were also taken across a range of flows to analyse suspended sediment and total phosphorus concentrations (mg L-1) in order to calibrate the turbidity readings. Data underwent QC to flag any spurious readings in the timeseries which were then removed and linearly interpolated where appropriate.
DOI: 10.5285/6749d033-cdf4-479b-ba85-015c3dbb476a
title: Channel topography and grain-scale sediment structure, measured in flume experiments

description: Terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and CT scan data collected during flume experiments on a gravel bed. TLS data show the bed surface topography before and after waterworking of the bed. CT scan data show the 3D structure of sections of the river bed after waterworking. Some CT data has been processed to segment the images into the individual gravel grains, and for some of these data a database of grain properties is also available. 
description: The flume was filled with gravel, and wire baskets were buried in it. The bed was scanned using TLS. Flow was run through the flume to waterwork the gravel, and then the flume was drained. The bed was rescanned using TLS. Then the baskets were extracted, and CT scanned. 15 experimental runs were completed, with increasing amounts of sand and clay added to the flume throughout the experiment. 

CT data were processed to remove any scan artefacts, and to segment the gravel grains from the surrounding matrix and other materials. These segmented scans were then analysed to measure grain properties.
DOI: 10.5285/6ab0ee70-96f8-41e6-a3e3-6f4c31fa5372
title: Dive times and depths of auks (Atlantic puffin, common guillemot and razorbill) from the Isle of May outside the seabird breeding season

description: This dataset contains the dive times (dive start time and dive end time) and depths (maximum depth attained on a dive) of three species of auk from the Isle of May outside the seabird breeding season. 

Data were collected from 12 Atlantic puffin individuals (Fratercula arctica), 13 common guillemot (Uria aalge) and 13 razorbill (Alca torda). 
Atlantic puffin data were collected between 19th July 2008 to 3rd December 2008; common guillemot data from 20th July 2005 to 28th January 2006; razorbill data from 1st July 2008 to 24th January 2009. 
description: Data have been collected by Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) staff on the May National Nature Reserve, Scotland (56°11′N, 02°33′W) using standardised methods since 1987, and this work has continued to the present as part of the Isle of May Long-term Study (IMLOTS; https://www.ceh.ac.uk/our-science/projects/isle-may-long-term-study).

As part of this long-term study, data on seabird diving outside the breeding season was collected as part of a biologging project part-funded by the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Data were collected using time-depth recorders during July – December 2008 for Atlantic puffins and razorbills and 2005 for common guillemots. The full methodology is available in the Supporting Information document attached to this record.
DOI: 10.5285/ce40e62a-21ae-45b9-ba5b-031639a504f7
title: SARS-CoV-2 qPCR and water chemistry data from wastewater at six sites in England and Wales between March and July 2020, with associated Covid-19 positive test and related-death data collated from other sources

description: Concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and physichochemical data on wastewater samples collected from six sites across England and Wales between March and July 2020. Also included are the number of COVID-19 positive tests and COVID-19 related deaths for the same period collated from publicly available records. COVID-19 data relate to the lower tier local authority that the wastewater treatment plant was located within.
description: Detailed descriptions of how the data were generated are available in the supporting documentation. All qPCR data are means of two PCR replicates of two extraction replicates (n=4). Positive and negative controls were run alongside each batch of qPCR assays.
DOI: 10.5285/18c8cbf3-ed55-4065-b52b-b2a4c2ffdf1c
title: Soya value chain in central Mozambique

description: This dataset contains the transcripts of interviews and discussion groups on the current soya production from ten villages in the Gurue district, Zambezia province, Mozambique. The ten villages were selected from different stages of a land scarcity gradient running from villages with abundant land to those with intense land constraints, mainly driven by expanding agricultural activities and population density. The villages had similar infrastructure, soils, rainfall, and vegetation types.  Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with village small-scale soya producers, emergent soya farmers, managers of commercial soya producing operations, district officer, technicians of NGOs, formal and informal traders between July and December 2015. Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme.
description: For the interviews with the different actor groups, guidelines with questions in Portuguese were prepared. Most interviews were conducted by the lead researcher together with one assistant/translator. Prior to each interview the assistant was trained on the objective of the interview and the way they should ask the questions. At a later stage, the trained assistant conducted some interviews. If needed, all questions were translated from Portuguese to Elomwe and vice versa. By discussing various topics repeatedly with different groups/persons, information could be validated and highlighted from different perspectives. Furthermore, context information gained through interviews, conversations and focus group discussions helped to gradually better focus the interviews. After each interview, all information was discussed either with the assistant or a colleague. This helped to improve the understanding of what was said. In case of lack of understanding, clarification was sought via communications with locals. Back in the office, all notes were written down in English. Notes taken by the assistant were recorded in Portuguese and translated to English.
DOI: 10.5285/64607f86-0228-4a03-9d87-6e36435028a1
title: Seed traits, seed viability and germination rates of seeds collected from 12 natural Juniper (Juniperus communis) populations in the UK, 2023-2025

description: These data describe the rates of filled, viable and germinating seeds from over 60 maternal juniper trees from across the UK. 12 populations from the Scottish Highlands to Southern English Downs were sampled in Fall 2023. Four different methods of seed viability testing were applied, and germination was monitored for over a year in response to nine different combinations of pretreatments and stratifications. Reproducible analyses and visualizations from an associated study are provided with an R project. This trial was conducted to determine the optimal treatment for juniper stratification and to quantify the variability in seedlot quality/viability among populations.
description: Berries were collected from populations in fall 2023, weighed, and inspected for parasitism. Seeds were extracted with a food processor; filled and empty seeds were separated using the float test, then surface sanitized and dried. Dried seeds were weighed  and stored at 4 degrees C until used. Seeds were then treated with  one of two different pretreatments, consisting of soaking them in water or a 1% Citric Acid solution for 48 hours. A Control group was also included that was not pretreated. Next, seeds were subject to one of 4 different thermal stratification treatments: A warm stratification followed by a cold stratification; just a warm stratification; just a cold stratification; and a control without a stratification treatment. Germination was then monitored for over a year, and the differences among seedlots, populations and regions of the UK were quantified. 
Additional seedlot quality and seed viability data were also collected for all 60 seedlots included in the germination trial. The field cut test (the proportion of seeds that are visibly filled with healthy embryonic tissue when bisected), the estimated numbers of filled and empty seeds from the float test, tetrazolium chloride (TZ) staining and X-ray viability are each applied to each seedlot. These results are then compared and contrasted to evaluate their relative accuracy and precision.
DOI: 10.5285/4f4d2ef6-2f31-4aa6-aa1a-fe79cc6d6b04
title: Wild bee abundance and species richness, survey data from Leighfield Forest, Leicestershire and Rutland, 2020

description: This dataset contains records on the abundance and species richness of wild bees along transects in ten 1x1 km survey squares of the Leighfield forest region of Leicestershire and Rutland, UK collected in the Spring and Summer of 2020. The dataset also contains a 10 m resolution raster land cover map of the survey sites and spatially referenced GIS files of the survey transect paths. The work was carried out by the data authors to assess pollinator abundance and species richness within the rural landscape of Leighfield Forest. The research was funded through NERC Grant Reference : NE/L002493/1Central England NERC Training Alliance (CENTA)
description: Records on the abundance and species richness of wild bees were collected across 20 field days via transect and pan trap surveys during the Spring and Summer of 2020. Species records were sense checked by the surveying ecologist, and double checked by the collating ecologist. Data were recorded on filedsheets and entered in spreadsheets.  Data were exported as comma seperated files for deposit into the EIDC.

The 10 m resolution raster land cover map was produced through a random forest classification of Sentinel-2 satellite imagery, accessed and classified in Google Earth Engine.  Classification accuracy  was assessed at 89.1% through a confusion matrix of 700 random points across the mapped area.
DOI: 10.5285/793874b5-48b0-4971-8172-1cf97c35230f
title: Thames catchment hydrometric and water quality data 2013-17

description: Urban water quality and hydrometric data for a range of urban developments in in the south of England. Water quality has been obtained from fortnightly-monthly sampling of river water using a Manta 2 sonde, and includes the parameters: ammonium, DO, pH, specific conductivity, temperature and turbidity. Rainfall was measured using a number of 2mm tipping bucket raingauges across the urban sites and through QC deriving a 15min time series of rainfall in millimetres for each site. Flow in cumecs was derived from in-situ stream channel measurements of velocity and depth using ultrasonic flow monitoring gauges. 
description: Hydrological and water quality data from urban catchments. Data time-step ranges from sub-hourly to monthly. Period of record is from autumn 2013 to spring 2017 with the bulk of the dataset being 24 month duration from autumn 2013. Depth and velocity data for small streams are converted to discharge measurements using cross-sectional information.
DOI: 10.5285/993c5778-e139-4171-a57f-7a0f396be4b8
title: Belowground carbon stock data in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, Madagascar

description: Data comprise root weight (fresh and dry), root biomass and carbon stock, root mat measurements, root architecture, litter measurements and pivot, stump and surface root data for trees selected using the Voronoi or Pit method and sampled in the Ankeniheny Zahamena forest corridor, the remains of the evergreen forest of eastern Madagascar.

Data were collected as part of a project funded under the Ecosystem Services for Poverty Alleviation (ESPA) programme. Work package 4 P4GES project, grant references: NE/K008692/1, NE/K010115/1, and NE/K010220-1
description: Full materials and methods available from Supporting Information (Manual_2_Belowground_Root_Survey)

A survey was conducted in humid tropical forest in Ankeniheny-Zahamena corridor (CAZ), located on the eastern Madagascar. This area, extends over 370,032 hectares (ha), is located between 48° 49' to 49°03 ' East and 17° 30' to 17° 43' south. Four zones of interest (ZOIs) were selected for the purposes of this study: Lakato (ZOI1), Andasibe (ZOI2), Anjahamana (ZOI3) and Didy (ZOI4). The selection of four zones was based on a range of biophysical criterias: altitude, slope and other biophysical criterias as bioclimate zone, length of dry season, soil type. Moreover, others criterias were considered such as the deforestation history and access.

In each zone, some sites were selected. Site is defined as a unit of sampling where field activities were done. The selection of sites was based on a number of criterias including:
-	Land use characterization: closed canopy, tree fallow, shrub fallow and tany maty or degraded grassland
-	Other criteria defined by biophysical workpackages (WP2 (Hydrology workpackage) &WP5 (biodiversity workpackage)): Slope of site should be less than 45 degrees.

The Voronoi polygon is the polygon of occupancy and the elementary space which is formed by the intersection of the perpendicular lines that pass through the midpoints of the lines connecting the center of the sampled tree to the center of the nearest neighboring trees. Here a simplified voronoi was used because of tropical forest complexity, where trees have different ages and different dimensions. Large trees are neighbours of small trees. 

In order to estimate the root biomass around the trees, we carried out an excavation of the roots in pits neighbouring the target tree where there is no tree.
DOI: 10.5285/ce514508-bd25-403e-bb35-42001e3c2b25
title: Countryside Survey 1990 mapped estimates of linear feature lengths in Great Britain

description: This dataset consists of stock (length) data for linear features across Great Britain in 1990 in a vector format. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 508 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as mean lengths per 1km square for seven different feature categories within 45 different land class types, based on the ITE Land Classification. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.
description: The data were recorded onto paper field sheets in the summer of 1990 by surveyors. Data were recorded from 508 1km squares sited across Britain, selected by random stratified sample. The boundary lines were digitized in the 1990s. The digitized data were used to generate national estimates of the stock of linear features for Great Britain using the standard Countryside Survey methodology (refer to the online documentation). Estimates are presented by ITE Land Class (2007 version), as mean lengths per 1km square.
DOI: 10.5285/e91e8c28-0176-4c5b-9b20-611eb505ab39
title: Chemical composition of anaerobic digestate and biomass ash blends as a result of storage

description: The dataset contains the chemical compositional changes occurred in anaerobic digestate, with and without biomass ash, simulating storage conditions during 128 days. Additionally, Sulphuric Acid (H2SO4) was added to these materials to test the effectivity on preventing nitrogen loss via acidification. Experiments were carried out in the laboratory during 2016, being measured via a combination of internal and external laboratories. The dataset provides data on chemical changes, namely: dry solids, pH, Kjeldahl nitrogen and total sulphur.
description:  All data was generated by the authors, yet a share of it was obtained via externally accredited analytical laboratories. Data quality was checked by appropriate means (dependent on the parameter measured) but generally: reported values were above the detection limit of the method; measurements were within accepted tolerance range; samples were diluted and re-measured when out of calibration range and all calculation were checked for errors before data deemed as definitive.