DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fj6q57425
title: Data from: Ants prey on cicada hatchlings

description: Temperate-zone cicadas are characterised among insects by their long-lived
 underground nymphal stages, which live for 5–20 years or more. Here we
 report the extensive occurrence of above-ground predation on eggs and
 first-instar nymphs of the common Japanese brown
 cicada, Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata, by colonial ants in a
 city park. Predation on eggs and first-instar nymphs by ants may
 be a major source of above-ground mortality rate in a population of this
 Japanese cicada species.
description: Newly hatched cicada nymphs (Hayashi & Saisho, 2015) of
 the most common brown-winged Japanese cicada, <em>Graptopsaltria
 nigrofuscata</em>, were studied. The observation site comprised
 three trees in Miyazaki 3rd Park, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Japan
 (35.591329/139.590882), a typical small city park with planted trees. All
 three planted trees were a Japanese endemic species of conifer known as
 Sawara cypress, <em>Chamaecyparis pisifera </em>(Siebold et
 Zucc.) Endl. (Cupressales: Cupressaceae). The observation period was from
 June 7 to September 8, 2022 and from April 30 to October 4, 2023 for eggs
 and nymphs and from August 7 to August 17, 2023 for oviposition and
 hole-digging behavior. Cicada eggs were suspected to belong to the same
 species because of the rarity of occurrence of other species within the
 observed periods. A cell phone camera (Oppo Ax7) was used to capture both
 movies and photos. Foraging ant species recorded in photos or movies were
 estimated to belong to the species as ants observed in nearby
 nests.
description: # Cicada nymph predation by ants ## Description of the data and file
 structure The video movie below is (1) those of the emergence of 1st
 instar nymphs of Japanese common brown cicadas (*Graptopsaltria
 nigrofuscat*a) on the tree to movement to the ground before digging into
 the soil, where no ant is observed. See the table below for date, time,
 duration for all files below. * VID20230701113232-no01.mp4 The video
 movies and jpg photos below are: (2) those of the emergence of 1st instar
 nymphs (or eggs) of Japanese common brown cicadas (*Graptopsaltria
 nigrofuscata*) on the tree to movement to the ground before digging into
 the soil, where the nymphs are caught by an ant. See the table below for
 date, time, duration for all files below. *
 VID20230701113655-no02-movie3.mp4  * VID20230701113051-no03.mp4 *
 VID20220612083841-no04.mp4 * IMG20220612083934-no05.jpg *
 VID20220828112346-no06.mp4 * VID20220828112538-no07-movie4.mp4 *
 IMG20220901081236-no08.jpg * VID20220903093415-no09.mp4 *
 VID20220903093700-no10.mp4 * IMG20220903093350-no11.jpg *
 IMG20220906080834-no12.jpg * VID20230430082222-no13.mp4 *
 VID20230430081318-no14.mp4 * VID20230430083259-no15.mp4 *
 VID20230430082443-no16-movie5b.mp4 * VID20220828153701-no17.mp4 The video
 movies and jpg photos below is (3) Ant is actively hunting (searching for)
 a prey, but a cicada nymph is not found in the area. *
 VID20230624083050-no18.mp4   (see the table below for date, time, duration
 for all files below) * VID20230806175052-no19.mp4 *
 VID20230806074843-no20.mp4 * VID20230626064932-no21.mp4 The video movies
 and jpg photos below are (4) both nymphs and ants are not seen, when the
 weather is too hot. * VID20230806075008-no22.mp4  (see the table below 
 for date, time, duration) The detail tables of video movies and photos of
 the above listed files. | No. | Filename | Date (MM/DD/YYYY) | Time
 (Hour:Min) | Duration (seconds) | Weather | | :-- |
 -------------------------: | ----------------: | --------------: |
 -----------------: | -------: | | 1 | VID20230701113232-no01 | 7/1/2023 |
 11:32 | 19 | rain\\ | | 2 | VID20230701113655-no02 | 7/1/2023 | 11:36 | 12
 | rain\\ | | 3 | VID20230701113051-no03 | 7/1/2023 | 11:30 | 5 | rain\\ |
 | 4 | VID20220612083841-no04 | 6/12/2022 | 8:38 | 13 | cloudy\\ | | 5 |
 IMG20220612083934-no05.jpg | 6/12/2022 | 8:39 | photo image | cloudy\\ | |
 6 | VID20220828112346-no06 | 8/28/2022 | 11:23 | 48 | cloudy\\ | | 7 |
 VID20220828112538-no07 | 8/28/2022 | 11:25 | 99 | cloudy\\ | | 8 |
 IMG20220901081236-no08.jpg | 9/1/2022 | 8:12 | photo image | cloudy\\ | |
 9 | VID20220903093415-no09.mp4 | 9/3/2022 | 9:34 | 33 | cloudy\\ | | 10 |
 VID20220903093700-no10.mp4 | 9/3/2022 | 9:37 | 43 | cloudy\\ | | 11 |
 IMG20220903093350-no11.jpg | 9/3/2022 | 9:33 | photo image | cloudy\\ | |
 12 | IMG20220906080834-no12.jpg | 9/6/2022 | 8:08 | photo image | sunny\\
 | | 13 | VID20230430082222-no13.mp4 | 4/30/2023 | 8:22 | 60 | cloudy\\ | |
 14 | VID20230430081318-no14.mp4 | 4/30/2023 | 8:13 | 43 | cloudy\\ | | 15
 | VID20230430083259-no15.mp4 | 4/30/2023 | 8:32 | 132 | cloudy\\ | | 16 |
 VID20230430082443-no16.mp4 | 4/30/2023 | 8:24 | 110 | cloudy\\ | | 17 |
 VID20220828153701-no17.mp4 | 8/28/2022 | 15:37 | 45 | cloudy\\ | | 18 |
 VID20230624083050-no18.mp4 | 6/24/2023 | 8:30 | 80 | sunny\\ | | 19 |
 VID20230806175052-no19.mp4 | 8/6/2023 | 17:50 | 35 | cloudy\\ | | 20 |
 VID20230806074843-no20.mp4 | 8/6/2023 | 7:48 | 60 | sunny\\ | | 21 |
 VID20230626064932-no21.mp4 | 6/26/2023 | 6:49 | 43 | cloudy\\ | | 22 |
 VID20230806075008-no22.mp4 | 8/6/2023 | 7:50 | 11 | sunny\\ |