DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t1g1jwt6r
title: Data from: Sampling methodology influences habitat suitability modeling for Chiropteran species

description: Technological advances increase opportunities for novel wildlife survey
 methods. With increased detection methods, many organizations and agencies
 are creating habitat suitability models (HSMs) to identify critical
 habitats and prioritize conservation measures. However, multiple
 occurrence data types are utilized independently to create these HSMs with
 little understanding of how biases inherent to those data might impact HSM
 efficacy. We sought to understand how different data types can influence
 HSMs using three bat species (L. borealis, L. cinereus, and P. subflavus).
 We compared the overlap of models created from passive-only (acoustics),
 active-only (mist-netting and wind turbine mortalities), and combined
 occurrences to identify the effect of multiple data types and detection
 bias. For each species, the active-only models had the highest
 discriminatory ability to tell occurrence from background points and for
 two of the three species, active-only models performed best at maximizing
 the discrimination between presence and absence values. By comparing the
 niche overlaps of HSMs between data types, we found a high amount of
 variation with no species having over 45% overlap between the models.
 Passive models showed more suitable habitat in agricultural lands, while
 active models showed higher suitability in forested land, reflecting
 sampling bias. Overall, our results emphasize the need to carefully
 consider the influences of detection and survey biases on modeling,
 especially when combining multiple data types or using single data types
 to inform management interventions. Biases from sampling, behavior at the
 time of detection, false positive rates, and species life history
 intertwine to create striking differences among models. The final model
 output should consider biases of each detection type, particularly when
 the goal is to inform management decisions, as one data type may support
 very different management strategies than another. 
description: Reference Information ===================== Provenance for this README
 -------------------------- * File name: README.txt * Authors: Sarah M.
 Gaulke * Other contributors: Tara C. Hohoff, Brittany A. Rogness, Mark A.
 Davis * Date created: 2023-04-01 * Date modified: 2023-04-01 Dataset
 Version and Release History ----------------------------------- * Current
 Version: * Number: 1.0.0 * Date: 2023-04-01 * Persistent identifier: DOI:
 10.5061/dryad.t1g1jwt6r * Summary of changes: n/a * Embargo Provenance:
 n/a * Scope of embargo: n/a * Embargo period: n/a Dataset Attribution and
 Usage ----------------------------- * Dataset Title: Data for the article
 "Sampling Methodology Influences Habitat Suitability Modeling for
 Chiropteran Species" * Dataset Contributors: * Creators: Sarah M.
 Gaulke, Tara C. Hohoff, Brittany A. Rogness, Mark A. Davis * Date of
 Issue: 2023-01-16 * Publisher: Ecology and Evolution * License: Use of
 these data is covered by the following license: * Title: CC0 1.0 Universal
 (CC0 1.0) * Specification:
 https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/; the authors
 respectfully request to be contacted by researchers interested in the
 re-use of these data so that the possibility of collaboration can be
 discussed. * Suggested Citations: * Dataset citation: &gt; Gaulke,
 Sarah M. et al. (2023), Data for: Sampling Methodology Influences Habitat
 Suitability Modeling for Chiropteran Species, Dryad, Dataset,
 https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.t1g1jwt6r. * Corresponding publication:
 &gt; Gaulke, S. M., Hohoff, T. C., Rogness, B. A., & Davis, M.
 A. (2023). Sampling Methodology Influences Habitat Suitability Modeling
 for Chiropteran Species. Ecology and Evolution. Submitted. Contact
 Information ------------------- * Name: Sarah M. Gaulke * Affiliations:
 Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of
 Illinois Urbana-Champaign * ORCID ID:
 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2657-5844 * Email: sgaulke95@gmail.com *
 Alternative Contact: PI * Name: Mark A. Davis * Affiliations: Illinois
 Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois
 Urbana-Champaign * ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-9430 *
 Email: davis63@illinois.edu * Address: 1816 S Oak Street, Champaign, IL,
 61820 * Contributor ORCID IDs: * Sarah M. Gaulke:
 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2657-5844 * Tara C. Hohoff:
 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5463-711X * Mark A. Davis:
 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9034-9430 - - - Additional Dataset Metadata
 =========================== Acknowledgements ---------------- * Funding
 sources: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Award: W194R1, W194R2, Illinois
 Department of Natural Resources, Award: IDNR FWS W194 R2 Dates and
 Locations ------------------- * Dates of data collection: Occurrence
 records collated from 1999-2021. * Geographic locations of data
 collection: Illinois, United States of America. - - - Methodological
 Information ========================== * Methods of data
 collection/generation: see manuscript for details - - - Data and File
 Overview ====================== Summary Metrics --------------- * File
 count: 54 * Total file size: 211 MB * File formats: .tif (Raster files)
 Naming Conventions ------------------ * File naming scheme: files with
 "combined" in the name are the final summed rasters that have
 been thresholded to create binary layers from both active and passive data
 types, files with "active" in the name are the final summed
 rasters that have been thresholded to create binary layers from active
 data, and files with "passive" in the name are the final summed
 rasters that have been thresholded to create binary layers from passive
 data. * Species naming scheme: LABO- Eastern red bat- Lasiurus borealis;
 LACI- Hoary bat- Lasiurus cinereus; PESU- Tricolored bat- Perimyotis
 subflavus Table of Contents ----------------- * PESU_combined.tif *
 PESU_active.tif * PESU_passive.tif * LABO_combined.tif * LABO_active.tif *
 LABO_passive.tif * LACI_combined.tif * LACI_active.tif * LACI_passive.tif
 Setup ----- * Unpacking instructions: n/a * Recommended software/tools:
 ArcGIS 10.8, QGIS 3.28, R version 4.2.2 (Example R packages to load in tif
 files include 'raster', 'sf', and 'terra') *
 Coordinate System: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_16N - - - File/Folder Details
 =================== Details for: PESU_combined.tif
 --------------------------------------- * Description: a raster file of
 the habitat suitability model from the tri-colored bat that has been
 thresholded to create a binary map with data from both active and passive
 data types * Format(s): .tif * Size(s): 5.04MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns
 and 6190 rows * Values: values are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating
 un-suitable habitat and 1 indicating suitable habitat Details for:
 PESU_active.tif --------------------------------------- * Description: a
 raster file of the habitat suitability model from the tri-colored bat that
 has been thresholded to create a binary map with data from active data *
 Format(s): .tif * Size(s): 5.04MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns and 6190 rows
 * Values: values are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating un-suitable habitat
 and 1 indicating suitable habitat Details for: PESU_passive.tif
 --------------------------------------- * Description: a raster file of
 the habitat suitability model from the tri-colored bat that has been
 thresholded to create a binary map with data from passive data *
 Format(s): .tif * Size(s): 5.04MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns and 6190 rows
 * Values: values are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating un-suitable habitat
 and 1 indicating suitable habitat Details for: LABO_combined.tif
 --------------------------------------- * Description: a raster file of
 the habitat suitability model from the eastern red bat that has been
 thresholded to create a binary map with data from both active and passive
 data types * Format(s): .tif * Size(s): 20.16MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns
 and 6190 rows * Values: values are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating
 un-suitable habitat and 1 indicating suitable habitat Details for:
 LABO_active.tif --------------------------------------- * Description: a
 raster file of the habitat suitability model from the eastern red bat that
 has been thresholded to create a binary map with data from active data *
 Format(s): .tif * Size(s): 20.16MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns and 6190
 rows * Values: values are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating un-suitable
 habitat and 1 indicating suitable habitat Details for: LABO_passive.tif
 --------------------------------------- * Description: a raster file of
 the habitat suitability model from the eastern red bat that has been
 thresholded to create a binary map with data from passive data *
 Format(s): .tif * Size(s): 20.16MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns and 6190
 rows * Values: values are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating un-suitable
 habitat and 1 indicating suitable habitat Details for: LACI_combined.tif
 --------------------------------------- * Description: a raster file of
 the habitat suitability model from the hoary bat that has been thresholded
 to create a binary map with data from both active and passive data types *
 Format(s): .tif * Size(s): 20.16MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns and 6190
 rows * Values: values are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating un-suitable
 habitat and 1 indicating suitable habitat Details for: LACI_active.tif
 --------------------------------------- * Description: a raster file of
 the habitat suitability model from the hoary bat that has been thresholded
 to create a binary map with data from active data * Format(s): .tif *
 Size(s): 20.16MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns and 6190 rows * Values: values
 are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating un-suitable habitat and 1 indicating
 suitable habitat Details for: LACI_passive.tif
 --------------------------------------- * Description: a raster file of
 the habitat suitability model from the hoary bat that has been thresholded
 to create a binary map with data from passive data * Format(s): .tif *
 Size(s): 20.16MB * Dimensions: 3415 columns and 6190 rows * Values: values
 are either 0 or 1 with 0 indicating un-suitable habitat and 1 indicating
 suitable habitat - - - END OF README