cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992504.v1
title: Air quality assessment in different urban areas from Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, using lichen transplants

description: Abstract Based on the need to monitor air pollution and on the importance of doing it with biological organisms, the present work had as main objective to assess air quality in urban areas through lichen transplants. Besides, we also tested whether there were differences among the studied sites, aiming to point out the main pollution characteristics of the areas. The monitoring was carried out in seven cities, which varied from mainly rural to mainly industrial, in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The foliose lichen Parmotrema tinctorum was used as the biomonitor species. Physiological tests and contents of sulphur and heavy metals were measured in the lichen thalli. Other pollutants assessed through air samplers were available for some cities, and modeled concentrations of fine particulate matter and nitrogen oxides for all sites. The effect of air pollution negatively reflected on the physiology parameters of the lichen and the concentration of all heavy metals increased after exposure, especially in the industrial sites. We generated a profile of air pollutants and pointed out that Charqueadas and Esteio had the worst air quality. Since they have high demographic densities, the results are of great public health concern and could be guidelines for future studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992501.v1
title: Identification of priority Health Regions in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, for Health Surveillance actions

description: Abstract This paper aimed to identify the priority Health Regions of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) to implement Health Surveillance strengthening actions. This is a descriptive study with data from time series of 11 (eleven) Health Surveillance indicators of the Ministry of Health’s 2016 Guidelines, Objectives, Targets and Indicators Journal agreed by the Bipartite Interagency Committee/RS. The selected indicators are synthesized to produce a Composite Health Surveillance Assessment Indicator (ICAVES) for each of the 30 Health Regions of the state, creating values ranging from zero (worst) to 1 (best), using the Human Development Index (HDI) construction calculation method. The lowest rates of the composite indicator are found in the Health Regions “20-Rota da Produção” and “19-Região do Botucaraí”. These two Health Regions are priorities for the strengthening of collective Health Surveillance actions and the management of health risks and diseases, considering horizontal equity as guideline of the Unified Health System.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992492
title: Current challenges for confronting the public health problem of snakebite envenoming in Central America

description: Snakebite envenoming is a serious public health problem in Central America, where approximately 5,500 cases occur every year. Panama has the highest incidence and El Salvador the lowest. The majority, and most severe, cases are inflicted by the pit viper Bothrops asper (family Viperidae), locally known as ‘terciopelo’, ‘barba amarilla’ or ‘equis’. About 1% of the bites are caused by coral snakes of the genus Micrurus (family Elapidae). Despite significant and successful efforts in Central America regarding snakebite envenomings in the areas of research, antivenom manufacture and quality control, training of health professionals in the diagnosis and clinical management of bites, and prevention of snakebites, much remains to be done in order to further reduce the impact of this medical condition. This essay presents seven challenges for improving the confrontation of snakebite envenoming in Central America. Overcoming these challenges demands a coordinated partnership of highly diverse stakeholders though inter-sectorial and inter-programmatic interventions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992492.v1
title: Current challenges for confronting the public health problem of snakebite envenoming in Central America

description: Snakebite envenoming is a serious public health problem in Central America, where approximately 5,500 cases occur every year. Panama has the highest incidence and El Salvador the lowest. The majority, and most severe, cases are inflicted by the pit viper Bothrops asper (family Viperidae), locally known as ‘terciopelo’, ‘barba amarilla’ or ‘equis’. About 1% of the bites are caused by coral snakes of the genus Micrurus (family Elapidae). Despite significant and successful efforts in Central America regarding snakebite envenomings in the areas of research, antivenom manufacture and quality control, training of health professionals in the diagnosis and clinical management of bites, and prevention of snakebites, much remains to be done in order to further reduce the impact of this medical condition. This essay presents seven challenges for improving the confrontation of snakebite envenoming in Central America. Overcoming these challenges demands a coordinated partnership of highly diverse stakeholders though inter-sectorial and inter-programmatic interventions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992489
title: Epidemiological study of traumatic dental injuries in 5- to 6-year-old Brazilian children

description: Monitoring traumatic dental injury (TDI) in primary teeth through epidemiological cross-sectional surveys provides descriptive information relevant to the development of public policies focused on the prevention of such injuries for the target population. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of TDI in 5- to 6-year-old Brazilian children and its association with biological and socioeconomic factors. A total of 684 children aged 5 to 6 years old, from 11 public schools in the city of Barueri (Brazil) were evaluated. Clinical examinations were carried out in the schools, by two trained and calibrated examiners. Gauze and a mouth mirror were used for the examinations. The reported TDIs were classified according to the Andreasen (2007) criteria for primary teeth. The results showed that 52.3% of the children had TDI. Enamel fracture (63.4%) was the most frequently observed sign of TDI, and the most affected teeth were the primary maxillary central incisors (26.9% maxillary right central incisor and 24% maxillary left central incisor). There was no association between the presence of TDI and biological or socioeconomic factors. In conclusion, the prevalence of TDI was high and had no statistically significant association with biological and socioeconomic factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992486
title: Nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in Brazil: evidence of nutritional epidemiological polarisation

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in Brazil in 2009 and its association with social and demographic factors. Data from the Household Budget Survey (Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar - POF 2008-2009) were used, in which the nutritional profile was evaluated according to the weight-for-age (W/A), height-for-age (H/A) and weight-for-height (W/H) indices (n = 14,569). The association was estimated by applying the Pearson association test, a logistic regression and a correspondence analysis. The correspondence analysis showed a higher association of thinness with children in the North and Northeast regions, in families with lower levels of income and in those of black colour/race. Overweight and obesity had a stronger relationship with children living in the South, Southeast and Central-West, in males, in those from urban areas, in those of Caucasian colour/race, in those aged 3 years and in those from families with intermediate income ranges. Overweight and obesity showed a heterogeneous spatial distribution amongst Brazilian states. A nutritional epidemiological polarisation that presents a major challenge for public health is indicated: we must reduce nutritional deficiencies and promote healthy eating habits from childhood to improve the nutritional and epidemiological profiles and mortality of the population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992489.v1
title: Epidemiological study of traumatic dental injuries in 5- to 6-year-old Brazilian children

description: Monitoring traumatic dental injury (TDI) in primary teeth through epidemiological cross-sectional surveys provides descriptive information relevant to the development of public policies focused on the prevention of such injuries for the target population. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of TDI in 5- to 6-year-old Brazilian children and its association with biological and socioeconomic factors. A total of 684 children aged 5 to 6 years old, from 11 public schools in the city of Barueri (Brazil) were evaluated. Clinical examinations were carried out in the schools, by two trained and calibrated examiners. Gauze and a mouth mirror were used for the examinations. The reported TDIs were classified according to the Andreasen (2007) criteria for primary teeth. The results showed that 52.3% of the children had TDI. Enamel fracture (63.4%) was the most frequently observed sign of TDI, and the most affected teeth were the primary maxillary central incisors (26.9% maxillary right central incisor and 24% maxillary left central incisor). There was no association between the presence of TDI and biological or socioeconomic factors. In conclusion, the prevalence of TDI was high and had no statistically significant association with biological and socioeconomic factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992483
title: A weighted AMMI algorithm for nonreplicated data

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to propose a weighting scheme for the additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) model, as well as to assess the usefulness of this W-AMMI model in the study of genotype x environment interaction (GxE) and quantitative trait locus x environment interaction (QxE) for nonreplicated data. Data from the 'Harrington' x TR306 barley (Hordeum vulgare) mapping population, with 141 genotypes evaluated in 25 environments, were used to compare the results from the AMMI model with those of two proposed versions of the W-AMMI model: equal weights per row and equal weights per column. The proposed W-AMMI columns algorithm is viable to analyze data with heterogeneous variance, when there are no replicates available. The use of the AMMI and W-AMMI models, in the indicated cases, improves QTL detection, besides providing a sound interpretation of GxE and a better understanding of QxE, which allows obtaining valuable information on increasing productivities in different environments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992480
title: A Validated NMR Approach for MDMA Quantification in Ecstasy Tablets

description: In recent years, ecstasy trafficking has grown in complexity and tablets has been commonly sold containing different contents of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or even other psychoactive substances. In contrast, identification and quantification of drugs of abuse is still a challenge, once the access to drug standards is very restricted in Brazil. In this work, ecstasy tablets seized by the Brazilian Federal Police have their chemical composition identified and quantified by gas chromatography and quantitative 1H nuclear magnetic resonance based on an internal standard approach (IS-1H-qNMR). Both methods were validated and showed suitable results for the figures of merit. IS-1H-qNMR shows excellent results of accuracy (relative error &lt; 5%) and precision (relative standard deviation (RSD) &lt; 2%). Comparatively, IS-1H-qNMR is more efficient and versatile than gas chromatography to accomplish in a single analysis the identification and quantification of target analytes. Since the method does not require a specific reference material, it is cost effective and provides agility to routine forensic analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992486.v1
title: Nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in Brazil: evidence of nutritional epidemiological polarisation

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of children under 5 years of age in Brazil in 2009 and its association with social and demographic factors. Data from the Household Budget Survey (Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar - POF 2008-2009) were used, in which the nutritional profile was evaluated according to the weight-for-age (W/A), height-for-age (H/A) and weight-for-height (W/H) indices (n = 14,569). The association was estimated by applying the Pearson association test, a logistic regression and a correspondence analysis. The correspondence analysis showed a higher association of thinness with children in the North and Northeast regions, in families with lower levels of income and in those of black colour/race. Overweight and obesity had a stronger relationship with children living in the South, Southeast and Central-West, in males, in those from urban areas, in those of Caucasian colour/race, in those aged 3 years and in those from families with intermediate income ranges. Overweight and obesity showed a heterogeneous spatial distribution amongst Brazilian states. A nutritional epidemiological polarisation that presents a major challenge for public health is indicated: we must reduce nutritional deficiencies and promote healthy eating habits from childhood to improve the nutritional and epidemiological profiles and mortality of the population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992477
title: Snake venom L-amino acid oxidases: an overview on their antitumor effects

description: The L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs) constitute a major component of snake venoms and have been widely studied due to their widespread presence and various effects, such as apoptosis induction, cytotoxicity, induction and/or inhibition of platelet aggregation, hemorrhage, hemolysis, edema, as well as antimicrobial, antiparasitic and anti-HIV activities. The isolated and characterized snake venom LAAOs have become important research targets due to their potential biotechnological applications in pursuit for new drugs of interest in the scientific and medical fields. The current study discusses the antitumor effects of snake venom LAAOs described in the literature to date, highlighting the mechanisms of apoptosis induction proposed for this class of proteins.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992480.v1
title: A Validated NMR Approach for MDMA Quantification in Ecstasy Tablets

description: In recent years, ecstasy trafficking has grown in complexity and tablets has been commonly sold containing different contents of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or even other psychoactive substances. In contrast, identification and quantification of drugs of abuse is still a challenge, once the access to drug standards is very restricted in Brazil. In this work, ecstasy tablets seized by the Brazilian Federal Police have their chemical composition identified and quantified by gas chromatography and quantitative 1H nuclear magnetic resonance based on an internal standard approach (IS-1H-qNMR). Both methods were validated and showed suitable results for the figures of merit. IS-1H-qNMR shows excellent results of accuracy (relative error &lt; 5%) and precision (relative standard deviation (RSD) &lt; 2%). Comparatively, IS-1H-qNMR is more efficient and versatile than gas chromatography to accomplish in a single analysis the identification and quantification of target analytes. Since the method does not require a specific reference material, it is cost effective and provides agility to routine forensic analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992477.v1
title: Snake venom L-amino acid oxidases: an overview on their antitumor effects

description: The L-amino acid oxidases (LAAOs) constitute a major component of snake venoms and have been widely studied due to their widespread presence and various effects, such as apoptosis induction, cytotoxicity, induction and/or inhibition of platelet aggregation, hemorrhage, hemolysis, edema, as well as antimicrobial, antiparasitic and anti-HIV activities. The isolated and characterized snake venom LAAOs have become important research targets due to their potential biotechnological applications in pursuit for new drugs of interest in the scientific and medical fields. The current study discusses the antitumor effects of snake venom LAAOs described in the literature to date, highlighting the mechanisms of apoptosis induction proposed for this class of proteins.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992471
title: Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of coffee pulp

description: ABSTRACT Coffee pulp is produced in large quantities, and its disposal can pollute the environment. However, the nutritional value and antioxidant content of coffee pulp make it a good option for animal feed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, the phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity of coffee pulp using fresh (FCP), ensiled (ECP), and ensiled and sun-dried (EDCP) coffee pulp. The study design was completely randomized with three treatments (n=4). Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity were determined. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and means were compared with the Tukey test. The percentage of CP, NDF and ADF was higher in ECP and EDCP than in FCP. There were no changes in lignin content. Ensiling and sun drying did not decrease (P&gt;0.05) caffeine or tannins. No differences were found in caffeic acid (2.031±2.873, 5.103±0.391, 4.913±0.018 mg g-1 DM in FCP, ECP, EDCP, respectively). The concentration of chlorogenic acid (FCP 2.593±1.756; ECP 5.368±0.422; EDCP 4.875±0.678 mg g-1) increased with the ensiling process, but it was not affected by sun drying. Ethanol decreased in ECP and EDCP relative to FPC (FPC 15.88±0.97%; ECP 7.04±1.16%; EDCP 0.00%); however, antioxidant capacity was not affected. It was concluded that the ensiling process and sun drying affected the nutritional value of coffee pulp but not its antioxidant capacity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992474
title: Synthesis and Optimization of Colloidal Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles by Hydrothermal Processes

description: This paper reports an optimized, simple, fast and inexpensive method for hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticle synthesis. Through a multivariate statistical analysis using a factorial design with 23 resolution, an empirical model was developed which allows control of the shape and size of the HA nanoparticles. This model was used to synthesize HA nanoparticles with sizes between 8 and 600 nm, formed by oriented attachment growth mechanism. The structure was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, which also showed that HA nanoparticles had well-defined nanorod forms and narrow size distributions. It was observed that the model is statistically significant and the main parameter for the growth of crystals in the hydrothermal process was temperature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992471.v1
title: Chemical composition and antioxidant capacity of coffee pulp

description: ABSTRACT Coffee pulp is produced in large quantities, and its disposal can pollute the environment. However, the nutritional value and antioxidant content of coffee pulp make it a good option for animal feed. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, the phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity of coffee pulp using fresh (FCP), ensiled (ECP), and ensiled and sun-dried (EDCP) coffee pulp. The study design was completely randomized with three treatments (n=4). Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity were determined. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance, and means were compared with the Tukey test. The percentage of CP, NDF and ADF was higher in ECP and EDCP than in FCP. There were no changes in lignin content. Ensiling and sun drying did not decrease (P&gt;0.05) caffeine or tannins. No differences were found in caffeic acid (2.031±2.873, 5.103±0.391, 4.913±0.018 mg g-1 DM in FCP, ECP, EDCP, respectively). The concentration of chlorogenic acid (FCP 2.593±1.756; ECP 5.368±0.422; EDCP 4.875±0.678 mg g-1) increased with the ensiling process, but it was not affected by sun drying. Ethanol decreased in ECP and EDCP relative to FPC (FPC 15.88±0.97%; ECP 7.04±1.16%; EDCP 0.00%); however, antioxidant capacity was not affected. It was concluded that the ensiling process and sun drying affected the nutritional value of coffee pulp but not its antioxidant capacity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992474.v1
title: Synthesis and Optimization of Colloidal Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles by Hydrothermal Processes

description: This paper reports an optimized, simple, fast and inexpensive method for hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticle synthesis. Through a multivariate statistical analysis using a factorial design with 23 resolution, an empirical model was developed which allows control of the shape and size of the HA nanoparticles. This model was used to synthesize HA nanoparticles with sizes between 8 and 600 nm, formed by oriented attachment growth mechanism. The structure was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images, which also showed that HA nanoparticles had well-defined nanorod forms and narrow size distributions. It was observed that the model is statistically significant and the main parameter for the growth of crystals in the hydrothermal process was temperature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992465
title: YOUNG PEOPLE, READING MEDIATIZATION AND NARRATIVES OF EXISTENTIAL MEANING: IMPLICATIONS TO SCHOOL EDUCATION

description: ABSTRACT: From data collected through field research, the authors analyze the current mediatization process of culture, and ask why young people are interested in mythical narratives, publicized in books, films and TV series, with its several extensions online. The analysis shows the new reading pattern of young people, the mediatization effects on reading practices today, and the existential link between epic/mythological stories and the condition of contemporary youth. The final observations point to school education: the school offering mediators between texts and young students, the relationship between new communication technologies and pedagogy, and the importance of the art of teaching when interacting with young students in a mediatized context.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992468
title: Water quality in rivers of Bahia State cities, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Monitoring and evaluation of surface water quality are of paramount importance for the sustainable management of water resources. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality of rivers located in different cities. Ten cities in the State of Bahia were selected, seven with sewage public system and three without it. We used the quarterly registry of the thermotolerant coliforms concentration of INEMA, BOD, total P, DO and water quality index of 14 points monitored in the period from 2008 to 2015. Data underwent statistical analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test. We verified that the cities of Feira de Santana, Itabuna, Jequié and Itororó, which have the sewage system and the highest percentages of population served with sewage in the urban area were those that presented the highest percentage of points in dissonance with CONAMA Resolution n. 357/2005 for the four evaluated parameters and the lowest water quality index values. This result may possibly be related to the fact that these cities present the largest number of inhabitants and, therefore, generate larger volumes of potentially sewage in rivers, when compared to cities without public sanitary sewage. The sewage system universalization and effectiveness are measures that may contribute to the improvement of river water quality, considering the discharge of sewage is the main cause for water quality degradation.