cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.168
title: STUDY OF THE COMPOSITE ACTION OF HOLLOWCORE PANELS USED IN GIRDER-SLAB SYSTEM

description: Floor construction with precast hollowcore panels produced by Lafarge Precast Edmonton results in a commonly used girder-slab system. Continuity between the elements is ensured by bent rebars and shear studs. Once all these elements are installed, a structural concrete is poured between the reinforced concrete panels and over the entire floor. The extent of composite action between the rigid diaphragm and the steel beams is not known. Therefore, its potential benefit is not taken into account in the current design procedures for the steel structure. The main components of this research project are the following: an experimental program consisting of a series of 6 large-scale shear tests were carried out. The outcome of this research shows that there is a potential for a composite action between a hollowcore plank and a standard hot rolled W shape. It was found that there is enough confinement to develop the steel stud strength when the beam is connected to the precast prestressed concrete panels using a 1/2" shear stud embedded between the planks and under two to three inches of concrete topping.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.169
title: STUDY ON THE SEISMIC VULNERABILITY OF A VIADUCT SUBJECTED TO NEAR-FAULT GROUND MOTIONS

description: Piers, abutments and bearings of viaducts may suffer severe damage during earthquakes, so it's not insufficient to evaluate the seismic vulnerability of a bridge system only by plastic hinge curvature, which is adopted in seismic design guidelines. In this paper, the seismic vulnerability evaluation of a viaduct is conducted by incremental dynamic analysis under 30 near-fault ground motions, which are selected from PEER database. Then several damage measures are recommended to make an overall estimation for the seismic vulnerability of the viaduct, including plastic hinge curvature, shear failure and sliding displacement failure of bearings and pounding force between abutments and the girder. The analysis results show that the transversal seismic excitations may lead to more severe damage than the longitudinal ground motions. No matter in which direction the ground motions are inputted, the bearings' seismic vulnerability resulted by shear force or sliding displacement is higher than the plastic hinge of piers, which indicates that the seismic vulnerability of the bridge system is determined by the bearings to an extent. As a result, bearings should be designed according to both static and seismic analyses to guarantee the safety during earthquakes.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.170
title: TEAMWORK IN SUCCESSFUL CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT OF ROAD IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS

description: This paper addresses the methodology and the art of construction management of road infrastructure projects from the viewpoint of practicing engineers using teamwork amongst organizations, which include owners, design engineers, consultants, construction managers, contractors, subcontractors, vendors, local residents, publics, and owners of other utilities. The author points out that most construction management text books and research papers have been written by academia without actual construction or management experience, and that successful construction management of infrastructures is not a simple task. To demonstrate this point, the collapse of the roof of the tunnel in the Big Dig project in Massachusetts and the collapse of the pedestrian bridge during installation in Florida in 2017 are mentioned. Both collapses cost the lives of road users and millions of dollars in litigations. The paper gives the factors contributing to successful teamwork as leadership, communication, collaboration, trust, transparency, common goal and mutual benefits. Using these traits, the author describes the construction management using teamwork concept in the successful completion of many road restoration projects in Chicago. It is concluded that the approach can be used equally well in other infrastructure projects of any sizes in USA or any other countries.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.171
title: TECHNICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR SOIL STABILIZATION USING COAL ASH

description: In most Latin American countries, low-volume roads are composed of unpaved roads
description: this is considered a problem of economic, social and environmental interest. There are different stabilization alternatives for this type of roads with traditional materials, i.e., Portland cement (OPC) and lime (L), both of which have a high environmental impact due to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This paper presents the results of the environmental assessment of an industrial residue Coal Ash (CA) with pozzolanic characteristics. The residue was alkaline activated with Ca(OH)2 from commercial lime (L). The binary system (CA+L) is called (CLM) and forms a material with cementing properties, and when it is mixed with soil, it increases the capacity to support loads. The CLM as a soil stabilizer is proposed along with the modification of some construction processes associated with lime technology and Portland cement. Finally, a technical and environmental comparison is made for conventional stabilizers and the binary system CLM. The results showed that stabilization of a silty soil with CLM can achieve a reduction of 58% and 75% in CO2 emissions when compared with L and OPC, respectively.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.172
title: TECHNOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL RETROFIT STRATEGIES FOR THE PUBLIC RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS OF THE SECOND POST-WAR

description: This experimental study on the renewal of post-World War II suburban areas addresses the theme of the technological retrofitting of buildings, focusing on typological features, construction techniques and, more in general, of all aspects that fail to meet the needs of contemporary living. An initial examination of Italian and international case studies helped to identify possible guidelines for the optimization of urban renewal activities. The guidelines were tested by applying them to a case study: a 1950s-era neighborhood in the city of Pisa. The study undertaken highlights the need to consistently integrate all of the activities that affect the building structures - consolidations and static adjustments, improvement of energy efficiency, functional and spatial adaptation - and that work towards strengthening social integration by taking into account the specific needs of the individual. The work is implemented on individual buildings and urban areas, with the aim of improving the local identity characteristics. The suggested approach is that of a circular economy, which helps to reduce the impact on the environment, mainly through the extensive use of recycled materials. The proposed experiment thus aims to test the resilience of buildings following their seismic, energy and functional updating, including sociological and environmental psychology assessments, with particular attention to vulnerable users, in order to find solutions capable of promoting social inclusion.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.173
title: THE APPLICATION OF WELD-BASED ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING STEEL TO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

description: The present work aims at providing the first considerations upon the application of innovative manufacturing technology for civil engineering purposes. In particular, among the 3D printing processes currently available, Weld-Based Additive Manufacturing (WAM) results to be the most suitable technique for the realization of innovative structural forms in metal material. The great potential of taking the printing head "out of the box" allows for the construction of innovative shapes by adding layer upon layer of welded steel. In particular, the study is focused on the realization of the first 3D-printed steel footbridge by a Dutch company held in Amsterdam, called MX3D, and its Additive manufacturing process, which results in specific constraints and limitations to be taken into account for design purposes. First, the design issues are described, by considering the printing parameters to be adopted for the realization of large-dimensions structures, and then the implications in terms of specific geometrical and mechanical characteristics are studied. These first engineering evaluations are intended to pave the way towards the development of a ground-breaking technology for the fully-automated design and construction of novel 3D-printed building structures through innovative robotic manufacturing processes whose parameters are still not fully known.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.174
title: THE BASICS OF FIXED CONNECTION IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STEEL FRAMES

description: This paper is concerned with the out-of-date design criteria in the assumption of end boundary conditions in computer analysis and design of steel building frames in some sectors of heavy industry. The two major concerns are addressed: one is the use of pinned end for the steel column base plates whose details are fixed end, and the second is the use of pinned connection design of steel beam to steel column in lieu of using moment connection. A typical frame is shown for demonstration purposes. The typical connection details used are shown. The author presents the pinned and fixed connection definition with reference to AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings. Examples of actual pinned end and actual fixed end are shown with reference to actual structures. A simple structure of a single column traffic sign post with a cantilever beam at the top of the column was selected to demonstrate a fixed end column base and a beam to column moment connection. It is the aim of this paper to clarify this simple but significant concept of fixed connections of column base plates and moment connection of beam to column, which in turn will lead to significant savings in the construction of steel buildings.
DOI: 10.25318/3310034101-eng
title: Reason business or organization is planning to close in the next 12 months, by business characteristics, second quarter of 2021

description: Primary reason the business or organization is expecting to close in the next 12 months, by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), business employment size, type of business, business activity and majority ownership, second quarter of 2021.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.175
title: THE FOUNDATIONS OF CONTINUUM DAMAGE MECHANICS

description: Damage Mechanics has become a useful theory in describing the nonlinear behavior of solids driven by the nucleation and growth of cracks and microcracks. This approach, based on the first principles of mechanics and thermodynamics, has also been combined with classical theories of plasticity to address a wide range of loading applications. In spite of the many different damage mechanics models and representations that are proposed, the foundation of damage mechanics is not well understood or at least not thoroughly published giving rise to the many inaccurate definitions and formulations. The intent of this paper is to provide the background of the continuum damage mechanics outlining the fundamentals on which this field theory is set up. The internal variable theory of continuum thermodynamics is reviewed and is shown that with Legendre transformation technique, various potential functions can be developed for damage mechanics formulation in either stress or strain space. The concept of constrained or neighboring equilibrium state is also introduced and is explained. The paper will conclude with the derivation of the general damage potential and a suggestion is given for the isotropic damage formulation with the resulting uniaxial stress-strain relation.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.176
title: THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PROPERTY MANAGEMENT COMPANIES AS CONDOMINIUM JURIDICAL PERSONS

description: This study examined Bangkok's condominium management system with a particular focus on the role of property management companies as members of juridical persons. The number of condominiums in Bangkok has been proliferating rapidly, particularly in areas near the mass rapid transit system. The Thailand Condominium Act requires that a condominium juridical person be registered upon transfer of ownership of the first condominium unit. This study's analysis of data collected from interviews with 16 condominium juridical persons found that there are three types: 1) property management companies
description: 2) juridical person employees
description: and 3) a combination of 1) and 2). All but one condominiumwhich used the mixed management typehad hired property management companies to oversee management and maintenance. Reasons cited for this overwhelming preference included insufficient management and maintenance knowledge among juridical employees, and limited beneficial connections with outsourcers and suppliers among juridical person employees. The interview results demonstrate that the responsibilities of property management companies extend beyond their job description and include caring for residents, seeking solutions for condominium problems, and creative thinking for innovative proposals for alternative management practices.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.177
title: THE INFLUENCE OF BAMBOO REINFORCEMENT AND ADDITION OF FIBERS ON HOLLOW BEAMS

description: The development of the artistic value of a building with reinforced concrete material continues to grow, one of which burrows the pipeline so as unexposed so that the condition of a building looks beautiful. This condition makes a weakening of the strength of concrete. As for the weakness of the concrete caused by a small crack due to deflection or the other anticipated by the addition of fiber one of the rebar tie wire (bendrat). Based on this condition, the beam testing was done with size by 150mm x 200mm x 1200mm with using one-point loading. Concrete mix design using SNI 03- 2834-2000. The load obtained without fibers using the steel reinforcement by 12.9% greater than the use of bamboo reinforcement. This is because the tensile strength of bamboo is smaller than the tensile strength of iron. Likewise, on the beam that added fiber as much as by 2% on the bamboo reinforcement, there is a difference of loading is smaller than the steel reinforcement by 25%. The interesting result is found in the 0.5 inch diameter beam which has an increase in load with the initial crack conditions close to the same as the beam without a hole.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.178
title: THE MYTH OF SAW-CUT JOINTS IN CONCRETE SLABS AND WALLS

description: This paper is concerned with the world-wide practice of providing shallow saw-cut joints or v-grooves at regular spacing, for structural purposes, in concrete walkway slabs, slabs-on-grade, and parapet walls. The primary purpose of this paper is to raise awareness among engineers that the practice is a myth and has no structural advantages, and for the engineers to think of a better and more positive/reliable approach to concrete crack control. The other purpose is to make aware the need for engineers to think and observe actual behavior of existing structures, and use that observation to improve future design, and not repeat unsound or useless practices. Elimination of useless saw-cut joints in future construction would save the whole world billions of dollars. The author demonstrates that the saw cuts have no structural impact by showing the pictures taken in New York of typical cracks seen on walkway slabs and parapet walls, and on garage floor slabs that were built with saw-cut joints. Note that this type of actual field observation is more representative than the crack observation on small concrete models tested in any engineering laboratories. For comparison, the author shows the examples of crack-free, maintenance-free garage floor slabs and parapet walls without any saw cuts that have been in service in Thailand for the past 30 years.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.179
title: THE POTENTIAL OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ON CONSTRUCTION SITES

description: Knowledge management is the process of creating, sharing, using, and managing knowledge, one of the most valuable organizational resources. This approach is wellknown in Austria's industrial sector, but applied only in major construction companies. It is mainly used to share knowledge between different departments, but it is not commonly found on construction sites. During the construction phase a variety of separate firms build a temporary multidisciplinary organization, to produce investment goods. To show the potential of knowledge management on building sites in Austria, 78 interviews were conducted. Construction sites of different types (new construction and refurbishment of buildings) were taken into account in order to guarantee a representative outcome. The highest cost-benefit ratio for knowledge management can be seen in knowledge intensive processes. The execution phase is characterized by craftwork which often includes many routine steps. But the survey shows that almost a quarter of the daily business is about knowledge intensive processes while the amount doesnดt correlate with the working experience. Furthermore, on construction sites with many trades the lack of information and knowledge transfer is the cause of nearly a quarter of the problems faced. The findings indicate the need for knowledge management on construction sites and the potential grows with the number of trades. The teambuilding process can be seen as the most important step for an efficient knowledge management during the execution phase.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.180
title: THE PROJECT BOUNDARY AND OCCUPATIONAL STRESS

description: Despite advances in project management practices and profession, projects continue to have an unacceptably high failure rate, which may be influenced by project manager being highly stressed and their decision-making capabilities becoming narrowed. The project manager's role necessitates that they occupy the boundary between sponsoring organisation, clients, and other actors involved in the project environment, where they are often subjected to time pressures, project uncertainties, conflicting demands, complex and often dynamic social structure involved in the project environment. In this social constructionist study thirty six senior executives participants were interviewed. It was observed that when discussing the personenvironment fit and competencies of a project manager, occupational stress and stress management were overlooked by executive project sponsors as a possible contributing factor for poor project manager performance and poor project outcomes. Despite the growing body of research evidence that has identified occupational stress across many different professions as having an adverse impact on an individual's performance and health, there has been little recognition within project management literature of the impacts of stress or coping strategies for managing stressors within the project environment. This strongly suggests that additional research on stress focused on the project environment is warranted, and that both project sponsors and project managers need to be made aware of the antecedents to stress and consequences of stress both in the personal and business sense.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.181
title: THEORETICAL ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS OF PROPERTY RIGHTS ON EXISTING RECONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM HOUSES

description: The paper assesses the impacts of property right on low-cost housing and the solutions to address the challenges of property rights on low-cost housing. A literature review is the primary research method on the subject matter to find answers to impacts of property rights on affordable housing. The basis of the study is a general literature review (locally and internationally) published by other researchers on the similar study. The study indicated that enhanced political voice and political accountability has an impact on improving the prospects for secure property rights. Moreover, influence and supports the notion that the rule of law, in providing legal security for property rights, is an enabling condition for economic growth. Furthermore, if governments of developing countries provide real property ownership with clear titles and rights enforceable by law, then poor people will be able to use their assets to obtain credit which can be employed in productive activities, and countries could lever themselves and their poor inhabitants out of poverty. The research will make contribution to type of land reform, which lead to sustainable development through land titling, a reduction in the probability of being evicted, or otherwise losing land rights and provide land users with greater assurance that they will enjoy fruits of their labor and investment, thereby encouraging them to make long-term investments for sustainable use of their properties.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.182
title: THEORETICAL VALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY ON LOW-COST HOUSING

description: The paper delivers a theoretical analysis of corporate governance and sustainability on low-cost housing. One of the constraints faced by low-cost housing projects is poor governance, which should be the development prospective of a company whose directive is to refine the economic potential of the countries in the process of transformation. Literature is the main method to investigate the research problem. Published, unpublished papers and journals were accurately reviewed to find solutions to the subject matter. The study revealed that it is a prerequisite in terms of the National Environmental Management Act for National and provincial department to formulate an Environmental Implementation Plan for any building construction activities that will have an impact on the environment. Green and sustainable are terms filled on company yearly reports, but the question is whether the Corporate Social Responsibility is valued or well thought of or highly regarded. The paper will assist the industry to realise that the achievement of the company does not only rely on the compliance of legislation and standards, but also by a broad series of economic, environment and social problems in a manner that is useful to global society. Organizational sustainability is an established requirement with many obligatory conditions enforcing ISO 14001 and environmental standards to be adhered to. Refining environmental performance through efficient use of energy and resources intensifies the success of companies.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.183
title: THIN-WALLED STEEL TUBULAR COLUMNS WITH UNIFORM AND GRADED THICKNESS UNDER CYCLIC LOADING

description: Thin-walled steel tubular circular columns are widely used as cantilever bridge piers due to their geometric efficiency, aesthetic appearance, and high earthquake resistance. However, local buckling, global buckling, or interaction between both is usually the main reason of significant strength and ductility loss in these columns, which eventually leads to their collapse. This paper investigates the behavior of uniform circular (C) and graded-thickness circular (GC) thin-walled steel tubular columns under constant axial and cyclic lateral loading. The GC column with size and volume of material equivalent to the C column is introduced and analyzed under constant axial and cyclic lateral loading. The analysis carried out using a finite-element model (FEM), which considers both material and geometric nonlinearities. The accuracy of the employed FEM is validated based on the experimental results available in the literature. The results revealed that, significant improvements in strength, ductility, and post-buckling behavior of thin-walled steel columns obtained using the GC column.