cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885533
title: Mathematical modelling of vector-borne diseases and insecticide resistance evolution

description: Abstract Background: Vector-borne diseases are important public health issues and, consequently, in silico models that simulate them can be useful. The susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model simulates the population dynamics of an epidemic and can be easily adapted to vector-borne diseases, whereas the Hardy-Weinberg model simulates allele frequencies and can be used to study insecticide resistance evolution. The aim of the present study is to develop a coupled system that unifies both models, therefore enabling the analysis of the effects of vector population genetics on the population dynamics of an epidemic. Methods: Our model consists of an ordinary differential equation system. We considered the populations of susceptible, infected and recovered humans, as well as susceptible and infected vectors. Concerning these vectors, we considered a pair of alleles, with complete dominance interaction that determined the rate of mortality induced by insecticides. Thus, we were able to separate the vectors according to the genotype. We performed three numerical simulations of the model. In simulation one, both alleles conferred the same mortality rate values, therefore there was no resistant strain. In simulations two and three, the recessive and dominant alleles, respectively, conferred a lower mortality. Results: Our numerical results show that the genetic composition of the vector population affects the dynamics of human diseases. We found that the absolute number of vectors and the proportion of infected vectors are smaller when there is no resistant strain, whilst the ratio of infected people is larger in the presence of insecticide-resistant vectors. The dynamics observed for infected humans in all simulations has a very similar shape to real epidemiological data. Conclusion: The population genetics of vectors can affect epidemiological dynamics, and the presence of insecticide-resistant strains can increase the number of infected people. Based on the present results, the model is a basis for development of other models and for investigating population dynamics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885533.v1
title: Mathematical modelling of vector-borne diseases and insecticide resistance evolution

description: Abstract Background: Vector-borne diseases are important public health issues and, consequently, in silico models that simulate them can be useful. The susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model simulates the population dynamics of an epidemic and can be easily adapted to vector-borne diseases, whereas the Hardy-Weinberg model simulates allele frequencies and can be used to study insecticide resistance evolution. The aim of the present study is to develop a coupled system that unifies both models, therefore enabling the analysis of the effects of vector population genetics on the population dynamics of an epidemic. Methods: Our model consists of an ordinary differential equation system. We considered the populations of susceptible, infected and recovered humans, as well as susceptible and infected vectors. Concerning these vectors, we considered a pair of alleles, with complete dominance interaction that determined the rate of mortality induced by insecticides. Thus, we were able to separate the vectors according to the genotype. We performed three numerical simulations of the model. In simulation one, both alleles conferred the same mortality rate values, therefore there was no resistant strain. In simulations two and three, the recessive and dominant alleles, respectively, conferred a lower mortality. Results: Our numerical results show that the genetic composition of the vector population affects the dynamics of human diseases. We found that the absolute number of vectors and the proportion of infected vectors are smaller when there is no resistant strain, whilst the ratio of infected people is larger in the presence of insecticide-resistant vectors. The dynamics observed for infected humans in all simulations has a very similar shape to real epidemiological data. Conclusion: The population genetics of vectors can affect epidemiological dynamics, and the presence of insecticide-resistant strains can increase the number of infected people. Based on the present results, the model is a basis for development of other models and for investigating population dynamics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885530
title: Demetallization of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm: a preliminary study

description: Abstract Objectives To determine the concentration of calcium, iron, manganese and zinc ions after the application of chelator to Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Material and Methods Fifty bovine maxillary central incisors were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 60 days. The following were used as irrigation solutions: 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) combined with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), distilled water (pH 3, 7 and 10), and 2.5% NaOCl. Each solution was kept in the root canal for five minutes. Fifteen uncontaminated root canals were irrigated with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10). Six teeth were used as bacterial control. The number of calcium, iron, manganese and zinc ions was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) values were used for descriptive statistics. Results Calcium chelation using 17% EDTA at pH 7 was higher than at pH 3 and 10, regardless of whether bacterial biofilm was present. The highest concentration of iron occurred at pH 3 in the presence of bacterial biofilm. The highest concentration of manganese found was 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA at pH 7 in the presence of bacterial biofilm. Zinc levels were not detectable. Conclusions The pH of chelating agents affected the removal of calcium, iron, and manganese ions. The concentration of iron ions in root canals with bacterial biofilm was higher after the use of 17% EDTA at pH 3 than after the use of the other solutions at all pH levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885530.v1
title: Demetallization of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm: a preliminary study

description: Abstract Objectives To determine the concentration of calcium, iron, manganese and zinc ions after the application of chelator to Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. Material and Methods Fifty bovine maxillary central incisors were prepared and inoculated with E. faecalis for 60 days. The following were used as irrigation solutions: 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) combined with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10), distilled water (pH 3, 7 and 10), and 2.5% NaOCl. Each solution was kept in the root canal for five minutes. Fifteen uncontaminated root canals were irrigated with 17% EDTA (pH 3, 7 and 10). Six teeth were used as bacterial control. The number of calcium, iron, manganese and zinc ions was determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) values were used for descriptive statistics. Results Calcium chelation using 17% EDTA at pH 7 was higher than at pH 3 and 10, regardless of whether bacterial biofilm was present. The highest concentration of iron occurred at pH 3 in the presence of bacterial biofilm. The highest concentration of manganese found was 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA at pH 7 in the presence of bacterial biofilm. Zinc levels were not detectable. Conclusions The pH of chelating agents affected the removal of calcium, iron, and manganese ions. The concentration of iron ions in root canals with bacterial biofilm was higher after the use of 17% EDTA at pH 3 than after the use of the other solutions at all pH levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885527
title: The effects of different restorative materials on periodontopathogens in combined restorative-periodontal treatment

description: Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between subgingival restorations and the target periodontopathogenic bacteria (Pg, Td and Pi) in subgingival biofilm during one year after combined restorative-periodontal treatment. Material and Methods Seventeen systemically healthy subjects, who were positive for the presence of three cervical lesions associated with gingival recessions in three different adjacent teeth, were included in the study. A total of 51 combined defects were treated with connective tissue graft plus a nanofilled composite resin (NCR+CTG), a resin-modified glass ionemer cement (RMGI+CTG) and a fluoride-releasing resin material with pre-reacted glass (PRG), called giomer (Giomer+CTG). Periodontal clinical measurements and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from all combined defects at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after the surgery. The number of bacteria were evaluated by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. Results No statistically significant difference in the amount of DNA copies of Pg, Td and Pi was observed in any of the groups at any time points (p&gt;0.05). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of DNA copies of the bacteria at baseline and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, regardless of treatment group (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that subgingivally placed NCR, RMGI and giomer restorations can show similar effects on periodontopathogenic bacteria in the treatment of gingival recessions that are associated with noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885527.v1
title: The effects of different restorative materials on periodontopathogens in combined restorative-periodontal treatment

description: Abstract Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between subgingival restorations and the target periodontopathogenic bacteria (Pg, Td and Pi) in subgingival biofilm during one year after combined restorative-periodontal treatment. Material and Methods Seventeen systemically healthy subjects, who were positive for the presence of three cervical lesions associated with gingival recessions in three different adjacent teeth, were included in the study. A total of 51 combined defects were treated with connective tissue graft plus a nanofilled composite resin (NCR+CTG), a resin-modified glass ionemer cement (RMGI+CTG) and a fluoride-releasing resin material with pre-reacted glass (PRG), called giomer (Giomer+CTG). Periodontal clinical measurements and subgingival plaque samples were obtained from all combined defects at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after the surgery. The number of bacteria were evaluated by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method. Results No statistically significant difference in the amount of DNA copies of Pg, Td and Pi was observed in any of the groups at any time points (p&gt;0.05). In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of DNA copies of the bacteria at baseline and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, regardless of treatment group (p&gt;0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that subgingivally placed NCR, RMGI and giomer restorations can show similar effects on periodontopathogenic bacteria in the treatment of gingival recessions that are associated with noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885524
title: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF COLD BITUMINOUS MIXTURE UNDER EFFECTS OF STATIC AND REPEATED LOADS1

description: Abstract This paper presents the results of an experimental research aimed at analyzing the mechanical behavior of a cold bituminous mixture under effects of static and repeated loads. Initially, a Marshall mixture design was performed to determine the mixture design contents according to standard DNER (1994a). After obtaining the mixture design contents, nine bituminous specimens were molded and subjected to the following tests: resilient modulus, tensile strength by diametral compression, and fatigue. The Marshall stability, independent from the mixture content used, surpassed the minimum limit recommended by the service specification DNIT (2010a). Regarding the Marshall flow, the values found exceeded the required by the referred specification. The results obtained for the average tensile strength by diametral compression, resilient modulus and fatigue life of the bituminous mixture were, respectively, 0.47 MPa, in the range of 1530-1837 MPa, and lower than 1000 cycles (for most stress differences applied), which were lower than those commonly reported for hot mixtures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885524.v1
title: MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF COLD BITUMINOUS MIXTURE UNDER EFFECTS OF STATIC AND REPEATED LOADS1

description: Abstract This paper presents the results of an experimental research aimed at analyzing the mechanical behavior of a cold bituminous mixture under effects of static and repeated loads. Initially, a Marshall mixture design was performed to determine the mixture design contents according to standard DNER (1994a). After obtaining the mixture design contents, nine bituminous specimens were molded and subjected to the following tests: resilient modulus, tensile strength by diametral compression, and fatigue. The Marshall stability, independent from the mixture content used, surpassed the minimum limit recommended by the service specification DNIT (2010a). Regarding the Marshall flow, the values found exceeded the required by the referred specification. The results obtained for the average tensile strength by diametral compression, resilient modulus and fatigue life of the bituminous mixture were, respectively, 0.47 MPa, in the range of 1530-1837 MPa, and lower than 1000 cycles (for most stress differences applied), which were lower than those commonly reported for hot mixtures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885521
title: From potential to action: youth engagement in political parties

description: Abstract Studies on political engagement, like Fillieule’s, Oliveira’s and others, recommend that the understanding of such processes must be based on diachronic and synchronic analyses, combining (i) the construction of lasting dispositions to engage with (ii) the recognition of social networking and (iii) the experiences that allow for the transformation of such provisions into effective engagement. This article explores such aspects of the constitution of the youth engagement phenomenon through the analysis of narrative interviews conducted with 21 young students from Rio de Janeiro, all of whom are political party activists. The analysis allowed us to identify links between dispositions built along their personal and familial trajectories, through various educational processes, and the social networks and events that triggered such dispositions transforming them into effective political activism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885521.v1
title: From potential to action: youth engagement in political parties

description: Abstract Studies on political engagement, like Fillieule’s, Oliveira’s and others, recommend that the understanding of such processes must be based on diachronic and synchronic analyses, combining (i) the construction of lasting dispositions to engage with (ii) the recognition of social networking and (iii) the experiences that allow for the transformation of such provisions into effective engagement. This article explores such aspects of the constitution of the youth engagement phenomenon through the analysis of narrative interviews conducted with 21 young students from Rio de Janeiro, all of whom are political party activists. The analysis allowed us to identify links between dispositions built along their personal and familial trajectories, through various educational processes, and the social networks and events that triggered such dispositions transforming them into effective political activism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885515
title: Affirmative action public policies for indigenous people at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul: the perspective of the implementers

description: Abstract To investigate the implementation of affirmative action public policies for indigenous students at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, interviews were conducted with deans, members of the committee for quota-recipient support, and program coordinators. Of the 856 indigenous students admitted from 2004 to 2014, only 10.86% graduated. This low rate might be associated with prejudice, poor mastery of formal Portuguese, or cultural barriers. The interviewees acknowledged the programs as elitist by reporting situations of intolerance/resistance, and scant efforts to address diversity and affirmative action measures. The respondents recognized that, albeit isolated, these efforts existed in the form of tutoring, group activities, elective courses, the creation of a study center, and the implementation of the extended education project Rede de Saberes [Knowledge Network]. Further advances are still needed, as are mechanisms capable of ensuring inclusion and the minimum conditions for academic permanence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885515.v1
title: Affirmative action public policies for indigenous people at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul: the perspective of the implementers

description: Abstract To investigate the implementation of affirmative action public policies for indigenous students at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, interviews were conducted with deans, members of the committee for quota-recipient support, and program coordinators. Of the 856 indigenous students admitted from 2004 to 2014, only 10.86% graduated. This low rate might be associated with prejudice, poor mastery of formal Portuguese, or cultural barriers. The interviewees acknowledged the programs as elitist by reporting situations of intolerance/resistance, and scant efforts to address diversity and affirmative action measures. The respondents recognized that, albeit isolated, these efforts existed in the form of tutoring, group activities, elective courses, the creation of a study center, and the implementation of the extended education project Rede de Saberes [Knowledge Network]. Further advances are still needed, as are mechanisms capable of ensuring inclusion and the minimum conditions for academic permanence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885509
title: In vitro characterization of jellyfish venom fibrin(ogen)olytic enzymes from Nemopilema nomurai

description: Abstract Background: Because jellyfish are capable of provoking envenomation in humans, they are considered hazardous organisms. Although the effects of their toxins are a matter of concern, information on the venom components, biological activity and pathological mechanisms are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate a serine protease component of Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish venom (NnV) and unveil its characteristics. Methods: To determine the relationship between fibrinolytic activity of NnV and the serine protease, fibrin zymography was performed using metalloprotease and serine protease inhibitors. The biochemical characterization of serine proteases of NnV were determined by the amidolytic assay. Fractions with fibrinolytic activity were obtained by DEAE cation exchange column. Results: NnV displayed fibrinolytic activities with molecular masses of approximately 70, 35, 30, and 28 kDa. The fibrinolytic activity of NnV was completely obliterated by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, a prototype serine protease inhibitor. Based on amidolytic assays using chromogenic substrates specific for various kinds of serine proteases, NnV predominantly manifested a chymotrypsin-like feature. Its activity was completely eliminated at low pH (&lt; 6) and high temperatures (&gt; 37 °C). Some metal ions (Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+) strongly suppressed its fibrinolytic activity, while others (Ca2+ and Mg2+) failed to do so. Isolation of a serine protease with fibrionolytic activity from NnV revealed that only p3 showed the fibrinolytic activity, which was completely inhibited by PMSF. Conclusion: The present study showed that N. nomurai jellyfish venom has a chymotrypsin-like serine protease with fibrinolytic activity. Such information might be useful for developing clinical management of jellyfish envenomation and pharmacological agents with therapeutic potential for thrombotic diseases in the future.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5885509.v1
title: In vitro characterization of jellyfish venom fibrin(ogen)olytic enzymes from Nemopilema nomurai

description: Abstract Background: Because jellyfish are capable of provoking envenomation in humans, they are considered hazardous organisms. Although the effects of their toxins are a matter of concern, information on the venom components, biological activity and pathological mechanisms are still scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate a serine protease component of Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish venom (NnV) and unveil its characteristics. Methods: To determine the relationship between fibrinolytic activity of NnV and the serine protease, fibrin zymography was performed using metalloprotease and serine protease inhibitors. The biochemical characterization of serine proteases of NnV were determined by the amidolytic assay. Fractions with fibrinolytic activity were obtained by DEAE cation exchange column. Results: NnV displayed fibrinolytic activities with molecular masses of approximately 70, 35, 30, and 28 kDa. The fibrinolytic activity of NnV was completely obliterated by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, a prototype serine protease inhibitor. Based on amidolytic assays using chromogenic substrates specific for various kinds of serine proteases, NnV predominantly manifested a chymotrypsin-like feature. Its activity was completely eliminated at low pH (&lt; 6) and high temperatures (&gt; 37 °C). Some metal ions (Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+) strongly suppressed its fibrinolytic activity, while others (Ca2+ and Mg2+) failed to do so. Isolation of a serine protease with fibrionolytic activity from NnV revealed that only p3 showed the fibrinolytic activity, which was completely inhibited by PMSF. Conclusion: The present study showed that N. nomurai jellyfish venom has a chymotrypsin-like serine protease with fibrinolytic activity. Such information might be useful for developing clinical management of jellyfish envenomation and pharmacological agents with therapeutic potential for thrombotic diseases in the future.