DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pf8011h
title: Data from: Divergence of tropical pitvipers promoted by independent colonization events of dry montane Andean habitats

description: Aim: One aspect that is still poorly explored about the origin and
 maintenance of Neotropical biodiversity is how the evolutionary dynamics
 of colonization and differentiation in relation to lowland and highland
 habitats has impacted lineage formation. Most speciation models for this
 region have focused on vicariant events, and the need to assess the
 influence of demographic processes has been recognized only recently. We
 evaluate if the origin of Andean montane lineages of terciopelo pitvipers
 is explained by either of two historical processes that represent
 fundamental phylogeographic mechanisms: differentiation by isolation
 within the highlands or different dispersal events from the lowlands.
 Location: Western Ecuador. Taxon: Terciopelo pitvipers (Bothrops asper
 species complex). Methods: We use genomic data and genetic clustering
 analyses, evaluation of historical migration between genetic clusters, and
 demographic model selection to investigate recent diversification events
 in South America using a vertebrate group rarely explored in
 phylogeographic studies: tropical Andean snakes. Specifically, the origin
 of two Ecuadorian montane lineages of terciopelo pitvipers was evaluated
 given ambiguous phylogenetic relationships with the presumably ancestral
 Pacific lowland lineage. Results: Discrepancies of evolutionary
 relationships previously obtained with tree-like methods are resolved
 through the use of modeling approaches. We found strong support for the
 independent origin of montane lineages based on topologies inferred by
 maximum-likelihood trees and modeling approaches that take into account
 possible gene flow. Main conclusions: Recent large-scale studies have
 found support for identifying dispersal events as important drivers of
 diversification in the Neotropical region. We contribute to these ideas by
 identifying a fine-scale case in a rarely explored group of animals
 -Andean snakes- in which river valleys acted as an entrance for the upward
 colonization of montane dry habitats and subsequent ecological
 diversification.
description: Input data for program
 StructureSamples collected in the
 field. RADseq data processed as explained in the text with program AftrRAD
 4.1 in order to produce this input file.StructureInput.txtInput data for adegenet R packageSamples collected in the field. RADseq data processed as explained in the text with program AftrRAD 4.1 in order to produce this input file.Adegenet_100.struInput data for program TreeMixSamples collected in the field. RADseq data processed as explained in the text with program AftrRAD 4.1 in order to produce this input file.TreeMixInputHEC4.gzInput site frequency spectrum data for program FastSimCoalSamples collected in the field. RADseq data processed as explained in the text with program AftrRAD 4.1 in order to produce this input file.Original_DSFS.obsEST file for historical demography model AHistorical demography model A specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelA_Iso_HECout.estTPL file for historical demography model AHistorical demography model A specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelA_Iso_HECout.tplEST file for historical demography model BHistorical demography model B specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelB_Iso_PECHECout.estTPL file for historical demography model BHistorical demography model B specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelB_Iso_PECHECout.tplEST file for historical demography model CHistorical demography model C specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelC_Mig_HECout.estTPL file for historical demography model CHistorical demography model C specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelC_Mig_HECout.tplEST file for historical demography model DHistorical demography model D specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelD_Mig_PECHECout.estTPL file for historical demography model DHistorical demography model D specified for program FastSimCoal.ModelD_Mig_PECHECout.tpl