DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8gg57
title: Data from: Consistent scaling of population structure across landscapes despite intraspecific variation in movement and connectivity

description: Understanding the spatial scale of population structure is fundamental to
 long-standing tenets of population biology, landscape ecology and
 conservation. Nonetheless, identifying such scales has been challenging
 because a key factor that influences scaling – movement among patches or
 local populations – is a multicausal process with substantial phenotypic
 and temporal variation. We resolve this problem via a novel application of
 network modularity. When applied to movements, modularity provides a
 formal description of the functional aggregation of populations and
 identifies potentially critical scales for ecological and evolutionary
 dynamics. We first test for modularity using several different types of
 biologically relevant movements across the entire geographic range of an
 endangered bird, the snail kite (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus). We then
 ask whether variation in movement based on (i) age, (ii) sex and (iii)
 time (annual, seasonal and within-season movements) influences spatial
 population structure (i.e. modularity) in snail kites. We identified
 significant modularity in annual dispersal of snail kites (all adults,
 males only, females only, and juveniles only) and in within-breeding
 season movements of adults, yet no evidence of modularity in seasonal
 (non-breeding) movements. For those movements with observed modular
 structure, we found striking similarities in the spatial configuration of
 population structure, even though movement properties varied considerably
 among these different types of movements. Our results suggest that the
 emergence of modularity in population networks can be robust despite
 movement heterogeneity and differences in patch-based measures of
 connectivity. Furthermore, our comparison of the population structure and
 connectivity across multiple movement phases helps to identify wetland
 patches most critical to population connectivity at multiple
 spatiotemporal scales. We argue that understanding modularity in
 populations may provide a robust complement to existing measures of
 population structure and connectivity and will help to clarify the
 limiting roles of movement for populations. Such information is
 increasingly needed for interpreting population persistence and guiding
 effective conservation strategies with ongoing environmental change.
description: A_adults.adjustedTransition matrix with observed adult dispersal adjusted for habitat-specific imperfect detectionA_adultsTransition matrix with observed adult dispersalA_femalesTransition matrix with observed adult female dispersalA_juvenilesTransition matrix with observed juvenile dispersalA_malesTransition matrix with observed adult male dispersalA_seasonalTransition matrix with observed seasonal movements (breeding season to October (non-breeding season))A_withinTransition matrix with observed within breeding season adult movementsMaster Locations ListList of wetland sites with centroid locationsModularity assessment with significance testR code to perform (1) modularity assessment, (2) significance test using Poisson GLM, (3) modularity decompistion, and (4) modularity assessment using spatial null model (Qspa)Modularity_SASource R code to conduct analyses. Includes functions for modularity assessment, significance test using Poisson GLM, and modularity decomposition.Results_allmembershipsModule memberships identified for each network used to assess similarity.Similiarity test_example comparing modularity of male vs female dispersal networksSimulation-based similarity assessment of module partitions (patch memberships) using NMIA.ad.postTransition matrix based on subset of adult dispersal (2005-2013only).Connectivity metrics_within module degree and participation coefficientfunctions to calculate connectivity metrics (within module degree and participation coefficient)modularity_within module degree and participation coefficient.r