cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mkkwh711v
title: Neutral and adaptive loci reveal fine-scale population structure in Eleginops maclovinus from North Patagonia

description: Patagonia is an understudied area, especially when it comes to population
 genomic studies with relevance to fishery management. However, the dynamic
 and heterogeneous landscape in this area can harbor important but cryptic
 genetic population structure. Once such information is revealed, it can be
 integrated into the management of infrequently investigated species.
 Eleginops maclovinus is a protandrous hermaphrodite species with economic
 importance for local communities that is currently managed as a single
 genetic unit. In this study, we sampled five locations distributed across
 a salinity cline from Northern Patagonia to investigate the genetic
 population structure of E. maclovinus. We use Restriction-site Associated
 DNA (RAD) sequencing and outlier tests to obtain 11,712 neutral, 338
 adaptive loci, and 78 loci associated to environmental variables. We
 identified a spatial pattern of structuration with gene flow and spatial
 selection by environmental association. Neutral and adaptive loci showed
 two and three genetic groups, respectively. The effective population sizes
 estimated ranged from 572 to 14,454 and were influenced more by locality
 than salinity cline. We found loci putatively associated with salinity
 suggesting that salinity may act as a selective driver in E. maclovinus
 populations. These results suggest a complex interaction between genetic
 drift, geneflow, and natural selection in this area. Our findings suggest
 that at least two to three genetic units exist in this area, and the
 information should be integrated into the management of this species. We
 discuss the significance of these results for fishery management and
 suggest future directions to improve our understanding of how E.
 maclovinus is adapted to the dynamic waters of Northern Patagonia.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.98sf7m0kc
title: Population and seascape genomics of a critically endangered benthic elasmobranch, the blue skate Dipturus batis

description: The blue skate (Dipturus batis) has a patchy distribution across the
 North-East Atlantic Ocean, largely restricted to occidental seas around
 the British Isles following fisheries-induced population declines and
 extirpations. The viability of remnant populations remains uncertain, and
 could be impacted by continued fishing and bycatch pressure and the
 projected impacts of climate change. We genotyped 503 samples of D. batis,
 obtained opportunistically from the widest available geographic range,
 across 6,350 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using a
 reduced-representation sequencing approach. Genotypes were used to assess
 the species’ contemporary population structure, estimate effective
 population sizes, and identify putative signals of selection in relation
 to environmental variables using a seascape genomics approach. We
 identified genetic discontinuities between inshore (British Isles) and
 offshore (Rockall and Faroe Island) populations, with differentiation most
 pronounced across the deep waters of the Rockall Trough. Effective
 population sizes were largest in the Celtic Sea and Rockall, but low
 enough to be of potential conservation concern among Scottish and Faroese
 sites. Among the 21 candidate SNPs under positive selection was one
 significantly correlated with environmental variables predicted to be
 affected by climate change, including bottom temperature, salinity, and
 pH. The paucity of well annotated elasmobranch genomes precluded us from
 identifying a putative function for this SNP. Nevertheless, our findings
 suggest that climate change could inflict a strong selective force upon
 remnant populations of D. batis, further constraining its already
 restricted habitat. Furthermore, the results provide fundamental insights
 on the distribution, behaviour, and evolutionary biology of D. batis in
 the North-East Atlantic that will be useful for the establishment of
 conservation actions for this and other critically endangered
 elasmobranchs.
DOI: 10.57760/sciencedb.27229
title: A statistical dataset of Beijing green pepper wholesale market transaction price survey from 2012 to 2018
title: 2012–2018年北京市青椒批发市场交易价格调查统计数据集

description: Green pepper is an important characteristic vegetable crop in my country, and price fluctuations have a significant impact on the development of the green pepper industry. Relying on the key agricultural product market monitoring database of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the national agricultural product business information public service platform, the national agricultural product wholesale market price information system and other platforms, combined with the actual research of the project team, the transaction price survey statistics of the green pepper wholesale market in Beijing from 2012 to 2018 were obtained data set. This data set includes the annual, seasonal, monthly, and weekly average wholesale prices and change rate EXCEL data sets of 9 green pepper wholesale markets in Beijing and the corresponding distribution line chart, and on this basis, the annual average price of green peppers in the regional wholesale markets in Beijing is processed and drawn The multi-level change distribution atlas provides basic scientific data for carrying out relevant research and analyzing the characteristics of green pepper price fluctuations, guiding the orderly conduct of the green pepper market, and effectively formulating corresponding regulations, policies, industrial development policies and support measures.
description: Green pepper is an important characteristic vegetable crop in my country, and price fluctuations have a significant impact on the development of the green pepper industry. Relying on the key agricultural product market monitoring database of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the national agricultural product business information public service platform, the national agricultural product wholesale market price information system and other platforms, combined with the actual research of the project team, the transaction price survey statistics of the green pepper wholesale market in Beijing from 2012 to 2018 were obtained data set. This data set includes the annual, seasonal, monthly, and weekly average wholesale prices and change rate EXCEL data sets of 9 green pepper wholesale markets in Beijing and the corresponding distribution line chart, and on this basis, the annual average price of green peppers in the regional wholesale markets in Beijing is processed and drawn The multi-level change distribution atlas provides basic scientific data for carrying out relevant research and analyzing the characteristics of green pepper price fluctuations, guiding the orderly conduct of the green pepper market, and effectively formulating corresponding regulations, policies, industrial development policies and support measures.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k6djh9w7k
title: Carbon sequestration of a forested wetland receiving nutrient inputs - soil, tree and greenhouse gas data

description: Here we describe a pilot wetland carbon project located 30 km west of New
 Orleans where measurements were taken in 2013 and 2018, and applied to the
 carbon offset methodology, “Restoration of Degraded Deltaic Wetlands of
 the Mississippi Delta” (“the ACR Methodology”) published by the American
 Carbon Registry (ACR). Baseline emissions were modeled using values
 derived from scientific literature. Results indicate net sequestration
 rate of 619,727 tons carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e)
 over the 40 year project duration, which equates
 to 16,527 t CO2-e/yr, if wetland greenhouse gases (GHGs)
 are included, and 200,143 t CO2e over 40 years, or 5,003
 t CO2-e/yr, if wetland greenhouse gasses were conservatively omitted. A
 kriging exercise was carried out that modeled the tree and soil pools,
 which resulted in net sequestration of 723,375 t CO2-e over 40
 years (annual mean 18,084 t CO2-e/yr) with greenhouse gases,
 and 262,472 t CO2-e over 40 years (annual mean rate 6,560 t
 CO2-e/yr) if greenhouse gases were
 omitted. Unfortunately, the project was withdrawn, prohibiting
 the issuance and eventual transaction of carbon credits, due to very large
 uncertainty estimates mostly associated with GHG emissions and the kriging
 approach as in situ sampling could not be conducted as required by the
 methodology.
description: Methods are detailed in 'Lane RR, Mack SK, Day JW, et al.
 Carbon sequestration at a forested wetland receiving treated municipal
 effluent. Wetlands 2017;37(5):861-873.' Datasets
 include tree biomass, soil organic carbon and greenhouse gasses
description: Please refer to 'Lane RR, Mack SK, Day JW, et al. Carbon
 sequestration at a forested wetland receiving treated municipal effluent.
 Wetlands 2017;37(5):861-873.'
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9km4
title: Natural and anthropogenic noise increase vigilance and decrease foraging behaviors in song sparrows

description: Animals glean information about risk from their habitat. The acoustic
 environment is one such source of information, and is an important, yet
 understudied ecological axis. Although anthropogenic noise has become
 recently ubiquitous, risk mitigation behaviors have likely been shaped by
 natural noise over millennia. Listening animals have been shown to
 increase vigilance and decrease foraging in both natural and anthropogenic
 noise. However, direct comparisons could be informative to conservation
 and understanding evolutionary drivers of behavior in noise. Here, we used
 27 song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) and 148 laboratory behavioral trials
 to assess foraging and vigilance behavior in both anthropogenic and
 natural noise sources. Using 5 acoustic environments (playbacks of roadway
 traffic, a white-water river, a white-water river shifted upwards in
 frequency, a river with the amplitude modulation of roadway traffic, and
 an ambient control), we attempt to parse out the acoustic characteristics
 that make a foraging habitat risky. We found that sparrows increased
 vigilance or decreased foraging in 4 of 6 behaviors when foraging in
 higher sound levels regardless of the noise source or variation in
 frequency and amplitude modulation. These responses may help explain
 previously-reported declines in abundance of song sparrows exposed to
 playback of intense river noise. Our results imply that natural
 soundscapes have likely shaped behavior long before anthropogenic noise,
 and that high sound levels negatively affect the foraging-vigilance
 trade-off in most intense acoustic environments. Given the ever-increasing
 footprint of noise pollution, these results imply potential negative
 consequences for bird populations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5hqbzkh74
title: Xylem anatomy traits of Quercus species

description: 1. Climate is a major evolutionary force in driving adaptive
 differentiation and plasticity in plant function. Xylem anatomy and
 hydraulic architecture are critical to water use, growth, and responses of
 trees to drought and thus important in delimiting their ecological niches.
 How wood properties have been shaped through evolution by their climatic
 origins and the importance of plasticity for species persistence remain
 open questions critical to understanding plant responses to changing
 climate. 2. We measured 11 wood anatomical traits for 18 Quercus (oak)
 species in arboreta that span contrasting climates (California-US,
 southwestern France, and central England). We investigated coordinate
 evolution of xylem anatomical properties with climatic niche and
 intraspecific variation in relation to growth environment. 3. Species
 originating from climates with drier summers had traits associated with
 higher resistance to drought– higher density of vasicentric tracheids
 (VT), lower vessel hydraulic diameter (Dmh), and lower hydraulic
 conductivity. Species that evolved in climates with drier, hotter summers
 or colder winters had higher numbers of VT than those from mesic climates,
 supporting hypotheses that VT are critical for water-transport during
 drought. We found limited intraspecific variation in xylem traits
 associated with growth environment– only four traits (pit fraction, VT,
 vessel density, and Dmh)– differed among gardens. 4. Xylem traits showed
 high lability across the phylogeny, consistent with evidence for parallel
 sympatric adaptive radiation and global diversification of the oaks. Our
 results provide evidence for the physiological mechanisms that underlie
 adaptation to changing environments and responses to climate change.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zkh1893bm
title: Interrogating genomic data in the phylogenetic placement of treeshrews reveals potential sources of conflict

description: The position of some taxa on the Tree of Life remains controversial
 despite the increase in genomic data used to infer phylogenies. While
 analyzing large datasets alleviates stochastic errors, it does not prevent
 systematic errors in inference, caused by both biological (e.g.,
 incomplete lineage sorting, hybridization) and methodological (e.g.,
 incorrect modeling, erroneous orthology assessments) factors. In this
 study, we systematically investigated factors that could result in these
 controversies, using the treeshrew (Scandentia, Mammalia) as a study case.
 Recent studies have narrowed the phylogenetic position of treeshrews to
 three competing hypotheses: sister to primates and flying lemurs
 (Primatomorpha), sister to rodents and lagomorphs (Glires), or sister to a
 clade comprising all of these. We sampled 50 mammal species including
 three treeshrews, a selection of taxa from the potential sister groups,
 and outgroups. Using a large diverse set of loci, we assessed support for
 the alternative phylogenetic position of treeshrews. The results suggest
 that the data has statistical support for two hypotheses for the
 placements of treeshrews, sister to Primatomorpha and to Primatomorpha +
 Glires. While we observe differences in properties of loci of different
 types (e.g., CDS, intron, etc.) with respect to the strength of the
 signal, the support for any particular topology is not dependent on the
 properties of the data. Rather, we show that the method of phylogenetic
 signal assessment, as well as whether the signal is measured using the
 full dataset or only loci with the strongest signal, impacts the results
 much more.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18399081
title: Cosmological Application of Geometric Unification: Galactic Rotation Curves and Accelerated Expansion from Torsion-Gauge Field Coupling

description: We present a cosmological application of the geometric unification framework developed in (1),where spacetime torsion is dynamically coupled to Standard Model gauge fields through a funda-mental algebraic constraint. This application provides a unified geometric explanation for three keyastrophysical phenomena: (1) flat galactic rotation curves without additional dark matter particles,(2) the accelerated expansion of the Universe without cosmological constant, and (3) the origin anddiversity of galactic structures including spiral arms and thin disks. The mechanism involves theformation of chiral condensates in curved spacetime with torsion, leading to effective potentials thatmodify gravitational dynamics on galactic scales while naturally generating observed morphologies.All parameters are determined from first principles of the fundamental theory. We derive the modi-fied Friedmann equations from the geometric constraint, solve for galactic rotation profiles, explainspiral structure formation and galactic planarity, and demonstrate consistency with observationaldata from SPARC galaxies and Planck satellite. The model predicts testable signatures in CMBpolarization, gravitational lensing statistics, and detailed galactic structure properties, providingcomprehensive observational tests of the geometric unification framework.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c866t1g85
title: Data and R code from: Relics of beavers past: time and population density drive scale-dependent patterns of ecosystem engineering

description: Like many ecological processes, natural disturbances exhibit
 scale-dependent dynamics that are largely a function of the magnitude,
 frequency, and scale at which they are assessed. Ecosystem engineers
 create patch-scale disturbances that affect ecological processes, yet we
 know little about how these effects scale across space or vary through
 time. Here, we investigate how patch disturbances by beavers (Castor
 canadensis), ecosystem engineers renowned for their pond-creation
 behavior, affect ecological processes across space and time. We evaluated
 how beaver population recovery influenced surface water dynamics in
 relation to population density over 70 years across multiple spatial
 scales (pond, watershed, and regional) in northern Minnesota. Surface
 water area was positively related to population density at the watershed
 scale; however, despite variation in beaver densities (and therefore
 surface water area) at the watershed scale, regional-scale surface water
 area was stable through time. This stability appears to have been driven
 by asynchronous beaver density fluctuations among watersheds, combined
 with the increasing importance of abandoned ponds. Beavers initially
 created and occupied larger ponds with greater surface water area, but
 through time shifted towards occupying smaller ponds. As ponds accumulated
 on the landscape proportionally more surface water was stored within
 abandoned ponds, which offset the smaller size of occupied ponds. Beaver
 engineering—driven by density-dependent mechanisms and the legacy effects
 from abandoned ponds—not only follows general patterns of patch
 disturbance dynamics by creating a spatial mosaic of patches, but the
 organism-created mosaic also appears to generate ecological stability at
 greater spatial scales. We suggest restoring beavers to landscapes is a
 viable method for increasing surface water storage and will ultimately
 help advance numerous conservation and rewilding objectives. Our study
 demonstrates that ecosystem engineering effects can be scale-dependent,
 indicating researchers should evaluate the ecological impact of engineers
 across diverse spatiotemporal scales to fully understand their functional
 roles in ecosystems.
description: Refer to main text of the published manuscript for all methods
 related to this data set. All analyses were performed in program
 R.
description: This data set contains two data files and the R code needed to
 perform all analyses conducted in the main text and supporting information
 documents, including code for generating all figures and tables.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jq2bvq89r
title: The role of behavioral type composition on resource use and growth of a juvenile predator

description: Juvenile largemouth bass have distinct behavioral types that separate
 along the exploring behavioral axis and differ in diet. We used a mesoxosm
 experiement to test the hypothesis that groups composed of mixed
 behavioral types would have more efficient use of prey resources and
 reduced competition between individuals than experimental populations
 composed of similar behavioral types. Fish growth, diets and prey
 composition were quantified over a four-week period in mesocosms
 containing prey communities that were mixtures of zooplanktion and natural
 colonization by terrestrial insects. Mesocosms contained juvenile
 largemouth bass of either all fast exploratory-type, all slow
 exploratory-type or a 50/50 mix of the two behavioral types. Treatments
 with similar behavioral types had lower growth than treatments with mixed
 behavioral types. While evidence showed that slow explorers in homogeneous
 groups consumed fewer macroinvertebrates outside of refuge habitat, the
 same was not true of fast explorers. Results suggest that populations
 composed of different compositions of behavioral types may also differ in
 their food web interactions. The differences in growth suggest that
 individual performance can be higher in populations with a balanced
 mixture of behavioral types compared to more homogenous populations and
 adds to the growing knowledge that individual behavioral traits can have
 emergent population level effects.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cfxpnvx6j
title: Increasing Instability of a Rocky Intertidal Meta-Ecosystem

description: Climate change threatens to destabilize ecological communities,
 potentially moving them from persistently-occupied “basins of attraction”
 to different states. Increasing variation in key ecological processes can
 signal impending state shifts in ecosystems. In a rocky intertidal
 meta-ecosystem consisting of three distinct regions spread across 260 km
 of the Oregon coast, we show that annually cleared sites are characterized
 by communities that exhibit signs of increasing destabilization (loss of
 resilience) over the past decade despite persistent community states. In
 all cases, recovery rates slowed and became more variable over time. The
 conditions underlying these shifts appear to be external to the system,
 with thermal disruptions (e.g., marine heat waves, El Niño-Southern
 Oscillation) and shifts in ocean currents (e.g., upwelling) being the
 likely proximate drivers. Although this iconic ecosystem has long-appeared
 resistant to stress, the evidence suggests that subtle destabilization has
 occurred over at least the last decade.
description: Estimating Abundances. We initiated the experiment series in 2011
 by haphazardly locating, then permanently marking five pairs of 0.5 x 0.5
 m low intertidal plots. In July 2011 we photographed, then cleared one
 plot of each pair of all macrobiota, including macrophytes and sessile
 invertebrates. Adjacent uncleared reference plots were left intact.
 Clearances (“disturbed plots”) were allowed to recover without further
 intrusion for 12 months, when they were photographed and recleared.
 Experiments were conducted at each of two sites (separated by 0.5 to 10
 km) nested within three regions or capes (separated by 61 to 197 km) along
 ~260 km of the central and southern Oregon coast (SI Fig. S1).
 Percent cover of each species was estimated by inspecting annual
 plot photographs taken after one year of recovery, prior to reclearing.
 The 0.5 x 0.5 m quadrats were subdivided into 0.1 x 0.1 subquadrats, each
 consisting of 4% cover. Abundances of each taxon were estimated by eye for
 each subquadrat, and totals were obtained by adding across all 25
 subquadrats. In the ordinations, we grouped species into functional groups
 (see SI Table S3 for group composition).
description: README file added