cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718574
title: Evolutionary Medicine: Incorporating Evolutionary Theory on the Formation of Brazilian Health Professionals

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to introduce some principles of Evolutionary Medicine to the community of medical educators in Brazil. Evolutionary Medicine can be defined as the application of the theory of evolution through natural selection to the understanding of human health problems. This innovative approach provides the medical field with a theoretical framework which contributes to the explanation of a great variety of serious disorders. Evolutionary Medicine, which dates back to the early 1960s, aims to explain diseases based both on recent physiological causes — those most commonly addressed by medicine — and on more distant evolutionary causes — those responsible for the emergence and survival of useful and functional biological structures throughout the history of the planet. Evolutionary Medicine rests on the assumption that functional biological characteristics are the result of evolutionary adaptive processes. Therefore, it is possible to analyze a great number of diseases in terms of adaptive vulnerabilities connected to our phylogenetic inheritance, such as human bodily inadequacies in relation to the modern environment. Besides presenting a definition of Evolutionary Medicine, this paper discusses two health problems recently dealt with in the light of the theory of evolution through natural selection. First, we discuss how the appearance, the ethnic and geographic distribution of lactose intolerance (and, on the other hand, the persistence of lactase) can only be understood taking our species’ recent evolutionary history (including its cultural transformations) into consideration. The limitations faced by previous explanations, which lacked evolutionary causes — are discussed. Secondly, the paper discusses herniated spinal disc, trying to demonstrate the link between this condition and the adaptation problems that bipedal posture may entail in view of the demands of modern lifestyle. The understanding of such problems of adaptation, combined with restrictions to natural selection pressures when adjusting a quadruped structure to a biped lifestyle, serve as the basis for the development of specific concepts used to formulate a hypothesis with relevant diagnostic potential. Finally, the paper describes ways in which medical students could incorporate this relatively new knowledge into their education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718574.v1
title: Evolutionary Medicine: Incorporating Evolutionary Theory on the Formation of Brazilian Health Professionals

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to introduce some principles of Evolutionary Medicine to the community of medical educators in Brazil. Evolutionary Medicine can be defined as the application of the theory of evolution through natural selection to the understanding of human health problems. This innovative approach provides the medical field with a theoretical framework which contributes to the explanation of a great variety of serious disorders. Evolutionary Medicine, which dates back to the early 1960s, aims to explain diseases based both on recent physiological causes — those most commonly addressed by medicine — and on more distant evolutionary causes — those responsible for the emergence and survival of useful and functional biological structures throughout the history of the planet. Evolutionary Medicine rests on the assumption that functional biological characteristics are the result of evolutionary adaptive processes. Therefore, it is possible to analyze a great number of diseases in terms of adaptive vulnerabilities connected to our phylogenetic inheritance, such as human bodily inadequacies in relation to the modern environment. Besides presenting a definition of Evolutionary Medicine, this paper discusses two health problems recently dealt with in the light of the theory of evolution through natural selection. First, we discuss how the appearance, the ethnic and geographic distribution of lactose intolerance (and, on the other hand, the persistence of lactase) can only be understood taking our species’ recent evolutionary history (including its cultural transformations) into consideration. The limitations faced by previous explanations, which lacked evolutionary causes — are discussed. Secondly, the paper discusses herniated spinal disc, trying to demonstrate the link between this condition and the adaptation problems that bipedal posture may entail in view of the demands of modern lifestyle. The understanding of such problems of adaptation, combined with restrictions to natural selection pressures when adjusting a quadruped structure to a biped lifestyle, serve as the basis for the development of specific concepts used to formulate a hypothesis with relevant diagnostic potential. Finally, the paper describes ways in which medical students could incorporate this relatively new knowledge into their education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718571
title: Biostimulatory effects of simvastatin on MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells

description: Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of simvastatin (SV) applied to MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells. For this purpose, MDPC-23 cells were seeded in 96-well plates and submitted to treatments with 0.01 or 0.1 μM of SV for 24 h, 72 h or continuously throughout the experimental protocol. The negative control group (NC) was maintained in DMEM. Cell viability (MTT), ALP activity (thymolphthalein monophosphate), and mineralized matrix deposition (alizarin red) were analyzed at several time points. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Although cell viability was observed in the groups treated with SV, these groups did not differ from the NC up to 7 days. There was a reduction in cell viability for the groups treated with 0.1 μM of SV for 72 h, and submitted to continuous mode after 14 days. A significant increase in ALP activity occurred in the group treated with 0.01 μM of SV for 24 h, compared with the NC; however, only the group treated with 0.1 μM of SV in continuous mode reduced the ALP activity, in comparison with the NC. After 14 days, only continuous treatment with 0.1 μM of SV did not differ from NC, whereas the other experimental groups showed increased mineralized matrix deposition. Thus, it was concluded that low concentrations of simvastatin were bioactive and cytocompatible when applied for short periods to cultured MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718571.v1
title: Biostimulatory effects of simvastatin on MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells

description: Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of simvastatin (SV) applied to MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells. For this purpose, MDPC-23 cells were seeded in 96-well plates and submitted to treatments with 0.01 or 0.1 μM of SV for 24 h, 72 h or continuously throughout the experimental protocol. The negative control group (NC) was maintained in DMEM. Cell viability (MTT), ALP activity (thymolphthalein monophosphate), and mineralized matrix deposition (alizarin red) were analyzed at several time points. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Although cell viability was observed in the groups treated with SV, these groups did not differ from the NC up to 7 days. There was a reduction in cell viability for the groups treated with 0.1 μM of SV for 72 h, and submitted to continuous mode after 14 days. A significant increase in ALP activity occurred in the group treated with 0.01 μM of SV for 24 h, compared with the NC; however, only the group treated with 0.1 μM of SV in continuous mode reduced the ALP activity, in comparison with the NC. After 14 days, only continuous treatment with 0.1 μM of SV did not differ from NC, whereas the other experimental groups showed increased mineralized matrix deposition. Thus, it was concluded that low concentrations of simvastatin were bioactive and cytocompatible when applied for short periods to cultured MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718565
title: Reclassification and treatment of odontogenic keratocysts: A cohort study

description: Abstract: The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a recurrent cyst that has been recently reclassified from an odontogenic tumor to an odontogenic cyst. The aim of the present study was to investigate its treatment and address issues related to its association with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS). Lesions from the cohort of patients included in the present study consisted of 40 OKCs, of which 27 lesions were treated by enucleation (GE) and 13 underwent decompression (GD). Complementary treatment occurred in 38 (95%) lesions, of which 10 underwent isolated peripheral ostectomy (GO) and 28 underwent peripheral ostectomy combined with Carnoy's solution (GC). Thirteen lesions were associated with NBCCS (GS), while the others (n=27) were non-syndromic lesions (GnS). The recurrence-free periods (RFP) in the sample groups were compared using the Kaplan-Meier function and log-rank test at a significance level of 5% (p &lt; 0.05) and were used to calculate the cumulative risk of recurrence (CRR) in each postoperative year. During the follow-up period, which had a mean of 43.5 months (range: 12–102 months), six (15%) recurrences were diagnosed. There was no significant difference among the RFP for the compared groups (p &gt; 0.05) or increased CRR for the decompression (15.4%) over five years. Application of Carnoy's solution did not increase the efficacy of the peripheral ostectomy, but was related to a CRR of 0% for the syndromic lesions over five years. Therefore, 1) decompression did not increase the recurrence risk; 2) peripheral ostectomy demonstrated a similar efficacy as the combination with Carnoy's solution; 3) the association of NBCCS did not seem to significantly influence OKC recurrence; and 4) syndromic lesions seem to behave in the same manner as non-syndromic lesions when submitted to complementary treatments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718565.v1
title: Reclassification and treatment of odontogenic keratocysts: A cohort study

description: Abstract: The odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a recurrent cyst that has been recently reclassified from an odontogenic tumor to an odontogenic cyst. The aim of the present study was to investigate its treatment and address issues related to its association with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (NBCCS). Lesions from the cohort of patients included in the present study consisted of 40 OKCs, of which 27 lesions were treated by enucleation (GE) and 13 underwent decompression (GD). Complementary treatment occurred in 38 (95%) lesions, of which 10 underwent isolated peripheral ostectomy (GO) and 28 underwent peripheral ostectomy combined with Carnoy's solution (GC). Thirteen lesions were associated with NBCCS (GS), while the others (n=27) were non-syndromic lesions (GnS). The recurrence-free periods (RFP) in the sample groups were compared using the Kaplan-Meier function and log-rank test at a significance level of 5% (p &lt; 0.05) and were used to calculate the cumulative risk of recurrence (CRR) in each postoperative year. During the follow-up period, which had a mean of 43.5 months (range: 12–102 months), six (15%) recurrences were diagnosed. There was no significant difference among the RFP for the compared groups (p &gt; 0.05) or increased CRR for the decompression (15.4%) over five years. Application of Carnoy's solution did not increase the efficacy of the peripheral ostectomy, but was related to a CRR of 0% for the syndromic lesions over five years. Therefore, 1) decompression did not increase the recurrence risk; 2) peripheral ostectomy demonstrated a similar efficacy as the combination with Carnoy's solution; 3) the association of NBCCS did not seem to significantly influence OKC recurrence; and 4) syndromic lesions seem to behave in the same manner as non-syndromic lesions when submitted to complementary treatments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718562
title: Green polyurethane synthesis by emulsion technique: a magnetic composite for oil spill removal

description: Abstract After the consolidation of the Brazilian biodiesel industry, issues related to the final destination of the glycerin, the by-product from the biodiesel industrial process, drawing the attention of several researchers. There are several uses to this byproduct. Among them, the obtaining of polymers, such as polyurethane (PU), are very encouraged since the glycerin ca be used, as well as the castor oil, in the replacement of petrochemical polyols. The aim of this work was to propose a new route for the obtainment of a petroleum sorbent based on polyurethane resin from glycerin and castor oil, through the emulsion technique. In addition, maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) was mixed to the polymer matrix, producing a magnetic composite, able to make easier the oil cleanup process. The products synthesized were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, simultaneous Thermogravimetry (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Optical microscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, magnetic force and oil removal capability tests were also performed. The magnetic material was used to remove oil from water, exhibited a good oil removal capability. In a typical test, 1g of the composite containing 5wt% of maghemite was able to remove 10g of oil from water.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718562.v1
title: Green polyurethane synthesis by emulsion technique: a magnetic composite for oil spill removal

description: Abstract After the consolidation of the Brazilian biodiesel industry, issues related to the final destination of the glycerin, the by-product from the biodiesel industrial process, drawing the attention of several researchers. There are several uses to this byproduct. Among them, the obtaining of polymers, such as polyurethane (PU), are very encouraged since the glycerin ca be used, as well as the castor oil, in the replacement of petrochemical polyols. The aim of this work was to propose a new route for the obtainment of a petroleum sorbent based on polyurethane resin from glycerin and castor oil, through the emulsion technique. In addition, maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) was mixed to the polymer matrix, producing a magnetic composite, able to make easier the oil cleanup process. The products synthesized were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, simultaneous Thermogravimetry (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Optical microscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, magnetic force and oil removal capability tests were also performed. The magnetic material was used to remove oil from water, exhibited a good oil removal capability. In a typical test, 1g of the composite containing 5wt% of maghemite was able to remove 10g of oil from water.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718559
title: Convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage: clinical features and etiology of an Argentinian cohort

description: ABSTRACT Nontraumatic convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage is an increasingly recognized subtype of subarachnoid bleeding. Objective: Our aim was to describe the etiology and clinical features of a cohort of patients with convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all cases of convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and April 2017. Demographic features, clinical characteristics, complementary investigations, etiology and mortality were assessed. Twenty patients (65% females) were identified. Mean age: 53 years (range, 15-86 years). Results: Symptoms on admission: headache (65%), sensory and/or motor symptoms (50%) and seizures (35%). Commonest causes: cerebral vein thrombosis (20%), reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (20%) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (20%). Two patients died. Conclusion: Convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage may be related to a wide spectrum of etiologies. In our patients, an increased prevalence of cerebral vein thrombosis was observed. Mortality was low and not related to the bleeding itself.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718559.v1
title: Convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage: clinical features and etiology of an Argentinian cohort

description: ABSTRACT Nontraumatic convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage is an increasingly recognized subtype of subarachnoid bleeding. Objective: Our aim was to describe the etiology and clinical features of a cohort of patients with convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all cases of convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage admitted to our hospital between January 2012 and April 2017. Demographic features, clinical characteristics, complementary investigations, etiology and mortality were assessed. Twenty patients (65% females) were identified. Mean age: 53 years (range, 15-86 years). Results: Symptoms on admission: headache (65%), sensory and/or motor symptoms (50%) and seizures (35%). Commonest causes: cerebral vein thrombosis (20%), reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (20%) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (20%). Two patients died. Conclusion: Convexity subarachnoid hemorrhage may be related to a wide spectrum of etiologies. In our patients, an increased prevalence of cerebral vein thrombosis was observed. Mortality was low and not related to the bleeding itself.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718556
title: Is there correlation between polymerization shrinkage, gap formation, and void in bulk fill composites? A μCT study

description: Abstract: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the volume of polymerization shrinkage (VS), gap (VG), and void (VV) using computerized microtomography (μCT) in bulk fill resin composites and conventional class I restorations, and to establish a correlation between these factors. Class I cavities (4 x 5 x 4 mm), C-factor = 4.2, were performed on caries-free human third molars and randomly divided into five groups (n = 6): FSI (Filtek Supreme XTE incremental insertion); FSS [(Filtek Supreme XTE single insertion(SI)]; TBF [(Tetric Bulk Fill: SI and manual filling (MF)]; SFM (Sonic Fill: SI/MF); and SFS (SonicFill: SI and sonic filling). The teeth were scanned and analyzed by μCT at T0, after filling the cavity with resin, and at T1, after polymerization for VG and VV, and for VS (T1-T0). There was statistically significant difference in VS in μCT for the FSI and FSS groups and between SFS and FSS as well as some difference in VV for FSI and bulk fill resin composites and no difference in VG between the conventional technique and bulk fill composites. Bulk fill resin composites presented similar VS and gap formation to those of incrementally inserted conventional resin composites. There is a moderate and weak positive correlation between polymerization shrinkage and gap formation and void, respectively. The final gap formation was more dependent on the initial gap than on polymerization shrinkage or void volume.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718553
title: HEALTH INITIATIVES IN NATIONAL PAN-AMERICAN SWIMMING FEDERATIONS

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: National Swimming Federations (NFs) supervise a large number of athletes and have the duty to protect their health that implies also the opportunity to improve public health. Objective: 1) To determine if the health professionals, the priorities, activities, and researches of the Pan-American NFs are focused on protecting athletes’ health and promoting the health of the population in general. 2) To determine if the FINA rules, projects and programs are applied. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out among the 45 Pan-American NFs requesting information on the profile of the health professionals (dimension 1; D1), on programs, activities and research to promote health measures (dimension 2; D2), and on the importance of Pan-American NFs for the health of athletes and for the promotion of health in society in general (dimension 3; D3). We performed a similarity study according to the Rogers-Tanimoto coefficient (D1 and D2) and the chi-squared test (χ²) (D3). Results: Thirty NFs answered the survey (response rate: 66.6%). For each dimension, the NFs were classified into five groups (A, B, C, D, E). Among the NFs, 33.3% have physicians and 33.3% have physical therapists. In each of the dimensions, Group A accounted for the majority of NFs but their results were lower. The groups with the highest rates in each dimension contained a maximum of two NFs. The health of the elite athletes was ranked as the fourth most important issue. The health of the recreational athletes and the health of the general population had the lowest priority. Drowning prevention programs were the most common. Conclusions: Pan-American NFs have few medical resources and only a few have injury prevention programs for elite athletes. There is a need to improve health promotion programs to achieve relevant social outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718553.v1
title: HEALTH INITIATIVES IN NATIONAL PAN-AMERICAN SWIMMING FEDERATIONS

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: National Swimming Federations (NFs) supervise a large number of athletes and have the duty to protect their health that implies also the opportunity to improve public health. Objective: 1) To determine if the health professionals, the priorities, activities, and researches of the Pan-American NFs are focused on protecting athletes’ health and promoting the health of the population in general. 2) To determine if the FINA rules, projects and programs are applied. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was carried out among the 45 Pan-American NFs requesting information on the profile of the health professionals (dimension 1; D1), on programs, activities and research to promote health measures (dimension 2; D2), and on the importance of Pan-American NFs for the health of athletes and for the promotion of health in society in general (dimension 3; D3). We performed a similarity study according to the Rogers-Tanimoto coefficient (D1 and D2) and the chi-squared test (χ²) (D3). Results: Thirty NFs answered the survey (response rate: 66.6%). For each dimension, the NFs were classified into five groups (A, B, C, D, E). Among the NFs, 33.3% have physicians and 33.3% have physical therapists. In each of the dimensions, Group A accounted for the majority of NFs but their results were lower. The groups with the highest rates in each dimension contained a maximum of two NFs. The health of the elite athletes was ranked as the fourth most important issue. The health of the recreational athletes and the health of the general population had the lowest priority. Drowning prevention programs were the most common. Conclusions: Pan-American NFs have few medical resources and only a few have injury prevention programs for elite athletes. There is a need to improve health promotion programs to achieve relevant social outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5718547
title: Maternal socioeconomic factors and adverse perinatal outcomes in two birth cohorts, 1997/98 and 2010, in São Luís, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Several studies have identified social inequalities in low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth (PTB), and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which, in recent years, have diminished or disappeared in certain locations. Objectives: Estimate the LBW, PTB, and IUGR rates in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, in 2010, and check for associations between socioeconomic factors and these indicators. Methods: This study is based on a birth cohort performed in São Luís. It included 5,051 singleton hospital births in 2010. The chi-square test was used for proportion comparisons, while simple and multiple Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to estimate relative risks. Results: LBW, PTB and IUGR rates were 7.5, 12.2, and 10.3% respectively. LBW was higher in low-income families, while PTB and IUGR were not associated with socioeconomic factors. Conclusion: The absence or weak association of these indicators with social inequality point to improvements in health care and/or in social conditions in São Luís.