cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17603/ds2w98j
title: KMD02 Centrifuge testing of saturated sand (DRo=25%)
title: in Effect of strain history on cone penetration resistance and cyclic strength of saturated sand

description: This series of tests demonstrate the use of dynamic centrifuge model testing to develop CPT based correlations for the cyclic strength of soil. Level profiles of saturated Ottawa sand were subjected to multiple shaking events until the models were no longer liquefiable.  In-flight cone penetration tests track the progressive change in relative density over multiple shaking events. Dense arrays of accelerometers and pore pressure transducers provide the basis for computing cyclic stress ratios, shear strains, and volumetric strains through inverse analyses. These tests with clean sand facilitate comparison of the results with liquefaction triggering correlations developed by other means.
description: Changes in CPT and cyclic strength of saturated sand across multiple shaking events
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-40x3-ne17
title: Optical Measurements of Tsunami Inundation and Debris Movement in a Laboratory Wave Basin
title: in Experimental Investigation of Tsunami Inundation and Debris Movement in a Large-Scale Wave Basin

description: Experiments were conducted in the  Directional Wave Basin (DWB) at the O. H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory at Oregon State University. The basin had a rectangular shape with the dimensions of 48.8 m long, 26.5 m wide and 2.1 m high. A segmented piston-type wave-maker with a maximum stroke of 2.1 m and maximum velocity of 2.0 m/s was employed to generate the long waves. The bathymetry was constructed of smooth concrete with a float finish so that the roughness height is estimated in the range of 0.1-0.3 mm. The flat test section represented part of a shipping container yard at a port facility with a geometric scale of approximately 1:20. Seven model configurations were tested based on three main characteristics, including the number of boxes, the induced rotation, and the segmentation of groups. The debris specimens were constructed from 12.7 mm thick plywood. Each box had a nominal footprint of 60 cm by 60 cm and is nominally 40 cm tall. The sides of boxes were painted blue with black number on one side for unique identification and a black scale to facilitate run-up observations via webcam. An image processing technique was developed for measuring the position and orientation of multiple debris specimens using a unique color scheme for the box lids. The database consisted of separate files for each configuration and corresponding trials, including time, location, velocities, and orientation for individual boxes and the centroid.
description: The aim of this project was to understand the characteristics of tsunami debris behavior that can be used as a benchmark for numerical simulations of tsunami debris motion. The project investigated the tsunami inundation and debris movement in a large-scale wave basin. Experiments were conducted in the Directional Wave Basin (DWB) at the O. H. Hinsdale Wave Research Laboratory at Oregon State University. The debris consisted of rectangular boxes  placed unconstrained on a flat section raised above the basin floor with no still water on the raised section. Seven model configurations were tested based on three main characteristics, including the number of boxes, the induced rotation, and the segmentation of groups. This dataset is the bases for the Related Work mentioned above. The quality and completeness of the data were verified by the team.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-wp34-5x78
title: Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU), NHERI 2022: Using ParaView for Non-Invasive Subsurface Imaging of Anomalies in Newberry, Florida

description: This project is about one method of creating visualizations for surface wave data collected in Newberry, Florida using Smart Solo Sensors and fiber-optic cable. The data processed for this project can be used to create visualizations in an software in which usable filetypes can be created. The data collected for this project is a uniquely massive data set of surface wave data collected using the large-scale mobile shakers from NHERI at University of Texas. This paper is intended primarily for geotechnical engineering researchers, specifically those who will be using the data this project used to help conduct their own analyses.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-63y9-4052
title: RESTAB-prediction (REgional Seismic STABility-prediction)

description: This project provides access to the Matlab code, RESTAB-prediction. RESTAB stands for REgional Seismic STABility and can be used to predict landslides of possible earthquake scenarios. The code can generate the size characteristics (i.e., area and volume) and shapefiles of predicted landslides. The users can select seismic displacement models they want to use from seven commonly-used seismic displacement models. The users can read the README file to apply the codes to predict landslides of regions of their interest. The code is described in detail in the paper by Gong, Zekkos, and Clark titled "The Influence of Seismic Displacement Models on Spatial Prediction of Regional Earthquake-Induced Landslides". For the inversion algorithm of RESTAB, click here: https://doi.org/10.17603/ds2-ag21-vz41.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-dptb-tr35
title: Sustaining Partnerships with Socially Vulnerable Populations—CONVERGE Extreme Events Research Check Sheets Series

description: This check sheet summarizes best practices for maintaining long-lasting relationships with socially vulnerable populations and organizations that serve them. About the CONVERGE Extreme Events Research Check Sheets Series: The National Science Foundation-supported CONVERGE facility at the Natural Hazards Center at the University of Colorado Boulder has developed a series of brief check sheets that are meant to be used as researchers design their studies, prepare to enter the field, conduct field research, and exit the field. The series offers best practices for extreme events research and includes check sheets that are free to the research community. More information is available at: https://converge.colorado.edu/resources/check-sheets.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-e3sy-e318
title: Observations of Wellington Earthquake Damage
title: in New Zealand Earthquake-Damaged Building Envelopes: Photographs from Christchurch and Wellington

description: This project captures earthquake damage to building envelopes due to seismic activity in New Zealand. Two cities central business districts were targeted; Christchurch following the 2010-2011 earthquakes, and Wellington following the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake. A total of 247 photographs for Christchurch and 1491 for Wellington were taken to establish the common failure types associated with the earthquakes and building types used in New Zealand. The findings showed that three types of failures were prevalent: window gasket dislodgement, glazing cracking, and glazing dislodgement. The three failures are found on the glazing systems that are common to all building envelopes and this provided a commonality when comparing envelopes of different kinds, on different superstructures, and in different regions of the country. The findings were used to develop a seismic testing protocol for the non-structural component (building envelopes), and to aid in developing a design prediction tool to predict seismic-related damage to the envelopes.
description: Images of damaged building envelopes in Wellington's financial district. During data gathering, all the damaged buildings were surveyed.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-ser9-8521
title: Microtremor Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (mHVSR) Data Collection at Tarzana, 2022
title: in Microtremor Measurements Performed Within Southern California

description: El Caballero country club is situated in Tarzana, which is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley (SFV) region of Los Angeles, CA. This area experiences seismic activity due to its proximity to the many faults within the SFV. In an effort to better understand the geology and also aid in future site response model development, microtremor Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio (mHVSR) surveys were performed specifically near vertical arrays. Collaborative research between the University of Southern California (USC) and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) have performed mHVSR surveys at 15 areas near the golf course area. The HVSR spectra developed using this dataset may be accessed in the United States Community Shear-Wave Velocity (VS) Profile Database (PDB) (https://vspdb.org). This work was supported by the Sonny Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California(USC).
description: Microtremor Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratios (mHVSR) are derived from ratios of the horizontal and vertical components of a Fourier Amplitude Spectra (FAS) from a 3-component recording of microtremors. This is done by recording ground vibrations either from a temporarily-deployed broadband seismometer, typically recording for a relatively short period of time (~1-2 hrs.), or from a permanently-installed broadband seismometer for a longer period of time. mHVSR can be very useful in identifying resonant frequencies where peaks in mHVSR represent resonance from impedance contrasts at a site. Many studies have found that the lowest resonant peak found in mHVSR is associated with the fundamental frequency of site. This study aims to perform mHVSR surveys at various sites in southern California to aid in the development of site response models by utilizing mHVSR to inform them and to also aid in the development of a large publicly accessible database for use in furthering research using mHVSR. This work will aid in a larger project associated with another DesignSafe doi (PRJ-4064). The database has been established and is available in the United States Community Shear-Wave Velocity (VS) Profile Database (PDB) (https://vspdb.org); the work presented in this doi is contributing to this database.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-9v51-k957
title: Evolution of Cascadia Subduction Zone Sciences: Qualitative Research Instrument and Planning Documents
title: in Coastal Hazards Planning in Time: Evolution of Cascadia Subduction Zone Sciences

description: This project explores how Cascadia Subduction Zone research has developed over the last 30 years in the United States and Canada through the perspective of hazard researchers who research this phenomenon. Interviewees were asked about their personal and professional histories, and the current state of research on the Cascadia Subduction Zone, including scientific uncertainties and unknowns. This project is part of a larger project that develops and evaluates new public communication tools for coastal resilience known as “geo-narratives.” To aid the larger project, interviewees were asked about scientific visualizations and datasets that could be included in the communication tools.
description: Included in this collection is an interview guide that can be used to explore the personal and professional history of hazard researchers, as well as the current state of research on the Cascadia Subduction Zone, including scientific uncertainties and unknowns. This research instrument is intended to facilitate the co-generation of data that yields insights into how this area of research has developed over the last 30 years in the United States and Canada. The interview guide includes implementation details, a workflow checklist, a materials checklist, researcher reflections and tips, and the interview guide. The research team used an interview tracking spreadsheet to track interviews from scheduling through transcription. Also included are the interview consent and oral history release forms used by the research team and the IRB for this project.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-hhjd-0z25
title: Examining the generation of peak and fluctuating pressures in a two-dimensional separating-reattaching flow on a blunt prismatic prism
title: in Model to Full-Scale Validation of Peak Pressure Mechanisms in Buildings that Cause Cladding Failures and Windstorm Damage

description: This project sought to obtain almost full-scale wind flow and pressures over a generic bluff body – prism - to validate more than 50 years of obtaining wind loads on tall buildings from very small models at reduced wind speeds in boundary layer wind tunnels.  Differences between model- and full-scale are known as Reynolds Number effects in the field of Wind Engineering.

Tests were carried in the NHERI FIU Wall-of-Wind (WoW) facility on a blunt prismatic prism that generated a separation bubble under which the highest wind suctions are known to be generated.  A substantial part of the project became generating stable, consistent and repeatable flow fields at very high wind speeds (~50m/s) and for two types of turbulent flow – smooth (low turbulence) and turbulent (~14%) consistent with full scale situations.

Pressure distributions beneath the separation bubble as a function of Reynolds Number and turbulence parameters, intensity, and scale, were obtained and demonstrated some dependence on the actual wind speed, even for this sharp-edged prismatic shape.  Preliminary PIV measurements of the flow field around the prism were attempted with a new and novel system purchased for the WoW facility, late in the life of this project.  These measurements indicated that it may be possible to pursue these studies at very high Reynolds Number (high speed) despite the difficulties of working in natural lighting and sufficient seeding of the flow field in the Wall-of-Wind facility.
description: This project seeks to utilize the NHERI-WoW facility at Florida International University to evaluate the Reynolds Number scalability of decades of fluid mechanics research on separated flows which have predominately been performed at low Reynolds Numbers, ie., low speed and small scale. A large scale bluff body will be exposed to a range of turbulent structures and intensities at very high Reynolds Number and flow and pressure fields will be studied simultaneously.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-dpam-dm40
title: Downtown San Francisco case study for High-resolution post-earthquake recovery simulation: Impact of safety cordons

description: This project provides an example of how to use the cranes Python package, as well as a record of the inputs and outputs of the downtown San Francisco case study in the journal paper: Hulsey et at. (2021) "High-resolution post-earthquake recovery simulation: Impact of safety cordons." Earthquake Spectra. (In Review). See the README for further details on how to use the dataset.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2xt3h
title: Effective stress - Stress dependent constitutive model
title: in Free field Analysis using OpenSees

description: These TCL scripts present examples on the use of OpenSees to perform 1D nonlinear free field analysis. Total and effective stresses are considered. Two different constitutive models are used; i.e., Pressure Independent Multi Yield (PIMY) and Pressure Dependent Multi Yield (PDMY). The earthquake excitation is applied at the bottom of each model. To capture the compliance of the rock the earthquake excitation is input as a surface traction and the rock is represented as a dashpot. A 2% Rayleigh damping at 0.2 and 20 Hz is used to capture damping at small elastic strains. The Stabilized Single Point quad elements SSPQuad and SSPQuadUP are used to discretize the domain. The element discretization is done satisfying the criteria of 10 elements per wave length. Nodes at each elevation are constrained to move equal to represent the 1D condition. Each simulation has a simulation report describing the components of its constitutive model (simulation model,  inputs and outputs, and analysis).
description: The components of this simulation's constitutive model (simulation model, inputs and outputs, and analysis) are included in the corresponding Effective Stress Analysis Report.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.uq9nnw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 36 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Ailuropoda melanoleuca (David, 1869)",
 "Country is China",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1900"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 36 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0015627-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-dqk8-6371
title: Quasistatic cyclic testing of column-top mounted elastomeric bearings with applied top rotation
title: in Stiffness of Rubber Bearings Considering Non-standard Top and Bottom Boundary Conditions

description: Typical installations of seismic isolation use rigid diaphragms to bound the end plates of the isolators. An alternative form of isolation involves placing the isolation plane on top of first floor columns, potentially resulting in flexible boundary conditions. To address this, an experimental program on a quarter-scale column-bearing subassembly was conducted to investigate how rotations of both top and bottom bearing end plates impact key design assumptions such as horizontal stiffness, rotational stiffness, and stability.
description: Test of a column-bearing subassembly. Horizontal displacements were applied at the base of the column simultaneously to rotation at the top of the bearing. Displacements and rotations were applied cyclically while axial load was held constant. Testing was done with a natural and a lead rubber bearing, mounted on columns of varying stiffnesses.  The data provides information on the decrease in bearing stiffness with increased rotational boundary condition flexibility.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-z56a-fk20
title: Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU), NHERI 2024: Evaluating Mean Wind Loads on Tall Buildings: ABL and Downburst Winds

description: This paper presents a comparative analysis of mean wind loads on tall buildings subjected to two distinct wind profiles: Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) winds, typically associated with hurricanes, and thunderstorm downburst (DB) winds. The study aims to evaluate the aerodynamic responses of a tall building model under these differing wind conditions, with a focus on understanding the implications for structural design and building code requirements. This paper, poster and presentation can be used to further investigate or compare the effects of differing wind types in aerodynamic testing. This work helps to provide more downburst testing on tall buildings where previously this field has limited prior research. The work it tailored to a novice audience within the wind engineering field.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-a7qt-h765
title: Prediction of failure modes, strength, and deformation capacity of RC shear walls through machine learning

description: • The performance of ML algorithms in predicting the seismic behavior of RC wallmachine l is studied.
• ML model developed in this study predict the strength of RC wall more accurate and efficient.
• A brief boundary that separate flexure-shear failure from other failure modes is provided.

Shear walls are typically the major lateral load-carrying components in high-rise buildings owing to their high lateral strength and stiffness. This study introduces a technique for predicting the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) walls using machine learning (ML) methods. Based on various ML algorithms, predictive models were developed using a database containing experimental data of 429 RC walls collected from the literature. The performance of each predictive model was discussed in detail. The results indicated that the XGBoost and GB algorithms accurately predicted the failure modes of RC walls with an accuracy of 97%. The gradient boosting and random forest algorithms performed best in predicting the lateral strength and ultimate drift ratio of RC walls, with a mean predicted-to-tested strength ratio of 1.01 and a predicted-to-tested ultimate drift ratio of 1.08. The flexure-to-shear strength ratio and shear-to-span ratio of RC walls had a greater influence on the failure modes of RC walls, with a relative importance factor of 54.1% for these two characteristics. Boundary longitudinal reinforcement, shear-to-span ratio, and distributed reinforcement had an obvious influence on the lateral strength of RC walls with summation of relative important factors of over 80%. The greatest influence on the ultimate drift ratio of RC walls is shear-to-span ratio, with a relative importance factor of 34.1%. The comparisons indicate that the model developed in this study can predict the shear strength and flexural strength of RC walls more accurate and efficient than the existing design formulas. Furthermore, a brief boundary that could separate flexure-shear failure from other failure modes is provided based on the ML models. Finally, a graphical user interface (GUI) platform is created to facilitate the practical design of RC walls.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-dr4z-p877
title: University of Cambridge Centrifuge Experiments of the Seismic Performance of Sheet Pile Walls in Liquefiable Soils
title: in LEAP-GWU-2022 Experiments:  Seismic Performance of Sheet Pile Walls in Liquefiable Soils

description: Two centrifuge tests (CU1, CU2) were conducted at Cambridge University to evaluate the seismic response of sheet-pile retaining structures in liquefiable soils for the 2022 Liquefaction Experiments and Analysis Project (LEAP-GWU-2022).
description: As part of the Liquefaction Experiments and Analysis Projects (LEAP - an international collaboration among several institutions with expertise and capabilities in centrifuge modeling, constitutive modeling, and numerical modeling) LEAP-2022 investigated the seismic performance of sheet pile walls in liquefiable soils.  The results of twenty centrifuge model tests, performed as part of a round robin test program, are shared in this archive. The datasets produced by the model tests are published as six separate experiments in this archive (one experiment per centrifuge facility). Each "experiment" includes a few model tests and each model test includes between one and three destructive shaking events. All of the tests modeled a sheet pile wall supporting a liquefiable soil (Ottawa F-65 sand and Silica sand).  The tests covered a range of ground motion intensities and a range of relative densities to define the median response and the sensitivity of the response to relative density and shaking intensity. The six centrifuge facilities involved in this test program included Ehime University (Japan), Korea Advanced Institute of Science & Technology (ROK), National Central University (Taiwan), Rensselaer Polytechnic institute (USA), University of Cambridge (UK), and Zhejiang University (PRC).  For each "experiment", a presentation file (video), prepared for LEAP-GWU-2022 workshop, is also included.  The presentations describe the centrifuge experiments in each participating centrifuge facility and the observed responses in details. A Web application for visualization of LEAP-GWU-2022 centrifuge data and their comparisons with user-generated numerical simulations is provided in the Code Project (PRJ-4245) published in Design-Safe.