cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/jtb-v76-0z6
title: Stellaria cupaniana (Jord. & Fourr.) Bég.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ng0-pzw-5gp
title: Potamogeton L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0s5-q2c-3g3
title: Potamogeton lucens L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/1fe-lrw-ap7
title: Potamogeton lucens L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/gzc-cer-65v
title: Potamogeton lucens L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/bf8-1rb-x6t
title: Aethionema armenum Boiss.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wj0-bwq-559
title: Potamogeton lucens L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/9c4-9cd-rqg
title: Potamogeton L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/gpg-wmk-s08
title: Ranunculus acris subsp. friesianus (Jord.) Syme

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yn5ju2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Rana dalmatina)",
 "Country is one of (Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, British Indian Ocean Territory, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Congo, Democratic Republic of the, Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, French Southern Territories, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0068873-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.3535/b9j-90j-brk
title: Valeriana glaziovii Taub.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nx4-z6x-qnk
title: Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Thwaites

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/095-dc1-n56
title: Filago pyramidata L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wra-fhm-07x
title: Onosma elegantissima Rech. fil. & Goulimy

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/pfb-m24-hyn
title: Fingerhuthia africana Nees ex Lehm.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/xrf-68r-eqb
title: Astragalus gigantirostratus Maassoumi, Ghahr. & Ghahrem.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/121-3kg-vml
title: Rumex orbiculatus A. Gray

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/a8b-1g4-ebc
title: Rumex orbiculatus A. Gray

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/bhl-1lq-w6y
title: Rumex orbiculatus A. Gray

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.n86zph
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 63 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "DatasetKey is one of (AMNH Bird Collection, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia Ornithology Collection, Vertebrate Zoology Division - Ornithology, Yale Peabody Museum, Field Museum of Natural History (Zoology) Bird Collection, CM Birds Collection, LACM Vertebrate Collection, UF Florida Museum of Natural History Ornithology, NMNH Extant Specimen Records (USNM, US))",
 "TaxonKey is Ramphastos citreolaemus"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 63 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0068875-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/7sz-qrx-1ee
title: Delphinium hispanicum Costa

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/bxb-kmm-m4m
title: Stenachaenium campestre Baker

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/82s-l93-l5l
title: Linaria albifrons (Sm.) Spreng.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wkk-qpg-tbd
title: Geranium lucidum L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15412355
title: Sri Lankan Classified Ads Dataset for Ad Matching and Retrieval

description: This dataset was developed to support research in ad matching, semantic retrieval, and intent alignment across offering and wanted ads in Sri Lankan classified marketplaces. It consists of 54,489 ad pairs, sourced from five major platforms—ikman.lk, patpat.lk, Riyasewana, adz.lk, and Hitad.lk—and includes both human-verified real and LLM-generated samples.

The dataset is particularly valuable for training and evaluating machine learning models that require generalization across low-resource subcategories, especially where wanted ads are underrepresented.

Each row contains:





Full offering and wanted ad texts




Titles and descriptions of both ad types




Main and subcategory labels



The dataset covers three main categories: electronics (37.17%), vehicles (33.25%), and property (29.58%), with further breakdown into 20 subcategories, including cars, vans, houses, land, mobile phones, and more.

Language distribution:





English (60.34%)




Mixed Sinhala/English or Tamil/English (34.46%)




Sinhala (5.20%)




Tamil (0.01%)



Construction details:





Human-matched ad pairs, double-annotated and adjudicated.




Synthetic matching wanted ads for existing real offering ads generated using Gemini 2.0 Flash (LLM) for rare subcategories, with structured prompt engineering.



All ads were collected from publicly accessible online marketplaces, and personally identifiable information (such as phone numbers) was replaced by placeholders through preprocessing. The dataset is anonymized and suitable for academic and non-commercial use.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15412356
title: Sri Lankan Classified Ads Dataset for Ad Matching and Retrieval

description: This dataset was developed to support research in ad matching, semantic retrieval, and intent alignment across offering and wanted ads in Sri Lankan classified marketplaces. It consists of 54,489 ad pairs, sourced from five major platforms—ikman.lk, patpat.lk, Riyasewana, adz.lk, and Hitad.lk—and includes both human-verified real and LLM-generated samples.

The dataset is particularly valuable for training and evaluating machine learning models that require generalization across low-resource subcategories, especially where wanted ads are underrepresented.

Each row contains:





Full offering and wanted ad texts




Titles and descriptions of both ad types




Main and subcategory labels



The dataset covers three main categories: electronics (37.17%), vehicles (33.25%), and property (29.58%), with further breakdown into 20 subcategories, including cars, vans, houses, land, mobile phones, and more.

Language distribution:





English (60.34%)




Mixed Sinhala/English or Tamil/English (34.46%)




Sinhala (5.20%)




Tamil (0.01%)



Construction details:





Human-matched ad pairs, double-annotated and adjudicated.




Synthetic matching wanted ads for existing real offering ads generated using Gemini 2.0 Flash (LLM) for rare subcategories, with structured prompt engineering.



All ads were collected from publicly accessible online marketplaces, and personally identifiable information (such as phone numbers) was replaced by placeholders through preprocessing. The dataset is anonymized and suitable for academic and non-commercial use.
DOI: 10.3535/6gm-t7k-q6a
title: Xylosma pseudosalzmannii Sleumer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/gxv-5sa-9br
title: Kickxia spuria subsp. integrifolia (Brot.) R. Fern.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/m09-cmv-m6z
title: Xylosma tweediana (Clos) Eichler

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dm1-41y-frl
title: Scoparia dulcis L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ha5-xqk-a72
title: Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/f1d-xgf-649
title: Lolium rigidum Gaudin

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/f45-7cw-ycw
title: Chenopodium vulvaria L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ap3-a5q-cc9
title: Parietaria lusitanica L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ym5-m8t-tn4
title: Parietaria lusitanica L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ryw-rjl-cvk
title: Phagnalon graecum Boiss. & Heldr.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ssd-j0j-9ga
title: Gundelia tournefortii L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/238-b8k-tcy
title: Saponaria calabrica Guss.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/p2z-gzm-ezr
title: Cerastium vourinense Möschl & Rech. fil.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.8y8pks
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 28 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Country is Brazil",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Anadenanthera macrocarpa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 28 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0068872-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/k1g-0qc-bzr
title: Potamogeton coloratus Hornem.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/3xf-1zy-41m
title: Geranium multiflorum A. Gray

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/fsh-tc0-b86
title: Scutellaria petiolata Hemsl. ex Lace & Prain

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5r0-n2a-dxw
title: Anabasis salsa (C. A. Mey.) Benth. ex Volkens

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/mj1-1h0-ejy
title: Hieracium apricorum subsp. subpallescens (Beck) Gottschl.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/1ak-17h-l08
title: Scutellaria neubaueri Rech.f.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/45w-apx-gwm
title: Veronica oxycarpa Boiss.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qbn-44h-jv9
title: Agalinis communis (Cham. & Schltdl.) D' Arcy

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.8yq3sh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 36 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Setaria parviflora",
 "Country is Guatemala",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 36 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0068874-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/6m9-zn3-exr
title: Hieracium bifidum subsp. basicuneatum (Zahn) Zahn

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wr0-hry-zx9
title: Pilosella bauhini subsp. bauhini

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/51v-8rk-pjw
title: Potamogeton praelongus Wulfen

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/x1e-17j-fx6
title: Cerastium elongatum Pursh

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5gy-lvt-x8z
title: Potamogeton perfoliatus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/sdd-q6z-r3z
title: Parietaria lusitanica L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nnc-wl3-d9b
title: Erysimum ochroleucum subsp. neumannii (Polatschek) G. López & Muñoz Garm.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nnf-4ge-zzr
title: Ranunculus buhsei Boiss.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/pmn-7q7-zs2
title: Salvia rhytidea Benth.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/015-e4w-866
title: Chaenorhinum rubrifolium subsp. gerense (Stapf) D. A. Sutton

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/19t-tgx-1lp
title: Potamogeton perfoliatus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/b8t-30p-vaj
title: Convolvulus hamrinensis Rech. fil.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/drd-ttw-sya
title: Stemodia verticillata (Mill.) Hassl.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/b9g-0zg-h9a
title: Atriplex patens (Litv.) Iljin

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/hj5-y00-c4b
title: Symplocos tetrandra (Mart.) Mart.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/mgf-n7l-mht
title: Potamogeton crispus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/z0l-l3d-w0a
title: Crucianella gilanica subsp. transcaucasica (Ehrend.) T.N.Popova & Takht.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qqv-rgj-89y
title: Orlaya daucoides (L.) Greuter

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/kzn-1y3-0wh
title: Potamogeton × torssanderi (Tiselius) Dörfl.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ykl-hs6-jrg
title: Atriplex patens (Litv.) Iljin

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5bl-ycd-k9s
title: Croton helichrysum Baill.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/kv3-g78-r83
title: Dianthera laeta (Mart. ex Nees) Hiern

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/83l-3hd-vbr
title: Potamogeton alpinus Balb.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/c3r-dg6-73q
title: Potamogeton coloratus Hornem.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/apy-x6f-0h7
title: Scirpus Tourn. ex L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qah-6nl-l3d
title: Aethionema saxatile subsp. saxatile

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/xhk-8hq-gmm
title: Linaria albifrons (Sm.) Spreng.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/156-bz7-gdv
title: Potamogeton coloratus Hornem.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/65f-lgh-caw
title: Onobrychis arenaria subsp. taurerica Hand.-Mazz.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/rg0-rfv-z7j
title: Galium hypocarpium subsp. hypocarpium

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15273744
title: Metadata of Recorded BGP Convergence Events

description: This data set contains a set of convergence event recordings from our testbed setup (full packet captures and gathered router logs) that can be analyzed by the TRIX pipeline to reproduce our evaluation results.

Download and extract the data set into a data/ subdirectory. For use with the TRIX pipeline, please refer to the Readme.md file on its repository.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15273745
title: Metadata of Recorded BGP Convergence Events

description: This data set contains a set of convergence event recordings from our testbed setup (full packet captures and gathered router logs) that can be analyzed by the TRIX pipeline to reproduce our evaluation results.

Download and extract the data set into a data/ subdirectory. For use with the TRIX pipeline, please refer to the Readme.md file on its repository.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.0li1br
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is (Table 1) Proportion of Toxoplasma gondii seropositive arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) by age group and geographic area"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0005747-160910150852091/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.m8eydn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 39969765 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Observation.org, Nature data from around the World"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 39969765 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0097265-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7rmjx9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 233 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Crystallogobius linearis (Düben, 1845)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 233 records from 47 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011899-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zm6yh6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is (Table 1) Proportion of Toxoplasma gondii seropositive arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) by age group and geographic area"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020758-180508205500799/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ar447p
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is (Table 1) Proportion of Toxoplasma gondii seropositive arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) by age group and geographic area"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0005785-160910150852091/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.tpm9jf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 34364755 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is Observation.org, Nature data from around the World",
 "Geometry POLYGON((2.98828 51.24679,6.06445 50.51203,7.29492 53.52594,4.68018 53.61728,2.98828 51.24679))",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 34364755 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0097368-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.9na4n4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1186 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Veronica biloba Schreb."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1186 records from 106 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029691-230810091245214/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ass8s6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 24070 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is one of (Rhea americana (Linnaeus, 1758), Rhea pennata d'Orbigny, 1834)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 24070 records from 125 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0097432-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.l2bgvl
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is (Table 1) Proportion of Toxoplasma gondii seropositive arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) by age group and geographic area"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0019443-160910150852091/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.9fu4zu
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 149657 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is Europe",
 "DatasetKey is iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Plataspidae, Pentatomidae, Scutelleridae, Acanthosomatidae, Cydnidae, Thyreocoridae)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 149657 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001799-230810091245214/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.