DOI: 10.3886/icpsr27063.v1
title: China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset, Liaoning (CMGPD-LN), 1749-1909
title: Version 1

description: The China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset - Liaoning (CMGPD-LN) is drawn from the population registers compiled by the Imperial Household Agency (neiwufu) in Shengjing, currently the northeast Chinese province of Liaoning, between 1749 and 1909. It provides 1.5 million triennial observations of more than 260,000 residents from 698 communities. The population mainly consists of immigrants from North China who settled in rural Liaoning during the early eighteenth century, and their descendants. The data provide socioeconomic, demographic, and other characteristics for individuals, households, and communities, and record demographic outcomes such as marriage, fertility, and mortality. The data also record specific disabilities for a subset of adult males. Additionally, the collection includes monthly and annual grain price data, custom records for the city of Yingkou, as well as information regarding natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, and earthquakes. This dataset is unique among publicly available population databases because of its time span, volume, detail, and completeness of recording, and because it provides longitudinal data not just on individuals, but on their households, descent groups, and communities.
description: Possible applications of the dataset include the study of relationships between demographic behavior, family organization, and socioeconomic status across the life course and across generations, the influence of region and community on demographic outcomes, and development and assessment of quantitative methods for the analysis of complex longitudinal datasets.
description: ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Created variable labels and/or value labels.; Standardized missing values.; Created online analysis version with question text.; Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes..
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS0: Study-Level Files 
 DS1: Liaoning Basic File 
 DS2: Liaoning Restricted File 
 DS3: Liaoning Analytic File 
 DS4: Liaoning Kinship File 
 DS5: Analytic Supplement - Disability 
 DS6: Analytic Supplement - Position 
 DS7: Position 2 Supplement 
 DS8: Monthly Grain Prices 
 DS9: Annual Grain Prices 
 DS10: Yingkou Custom Records 
 DS11: Natural Disasters
description: China Multi-Generational Panel Datasets Series
description: Preparation of the CMGPD-LN dataset and documentation for public release via ICPSR DSDR was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD), grant R01 HD057175-01A1 "Multi-Generation Family and Life History Panel Dataset", with funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
There was no R file produced for the Kinship dataset due to a memory issue that could not be resolved. If you are an R user, it is recommended that you download the data in a different format and use the package 'foreign' to import the data file.
The Disability and Position supplements are intended to be merged with the Analytic dataset using the variables DATASET, DISABILITY_CODE, POSITION_CODE, and POSITION_2_CODE.
description: Smallest Geographic Unit: Chinese banners (8)
description: The data are from 725 surviving triennial registers from 29 distinct populations. Each of the 29 register series corresponded to a specific rural population concentrated in a small number of neighboring villages. These populations were affiliated with the Eight Banner civil and military administration that the Qing state used to govern northeast China as well as some other parts of the country. 16 of the 29 populations are regular bannermen. In these populations adult males had generous allocations of land from the state, and in return paid an annual fixed tax to the Imperial Household Agency, and provided to the Imperial Household Agency such home products as homespun fabric and preserved meat, and/or such forest products as mushrooms. In addition, as regular bannermen they were liable for military service as artisans and soldiers which, while in theory an obligation, was actually an important source of personal revenue and therefore a political privilege. 8 of the 29 populations are special duty banner populations. As in the regular banner population, the adult males in the special duty banner populations also enjoyed state allocated land free of rent. These adult males were also assigned to provide special services, including collecting honey, raising bees, fishing, picking cotton, and tanning and dyeing. The remaining populations were a diverse mixture of estate banner and servile populations. The populations covered by the registers, like much of the population of rural Liaoning in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, were mostly descendants of Han Chinese settlers who came from Shandong and other nearby provinces in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries in response to an effort by the Chinese state to repopulate the region.