DOI: 10.5683/sp3/m7so6q
title: Simulated monthly potential groundwater recharge with land cover changes in southern Quebec Database – period 1951-2100
title: Data for: Impact of land cover changes on long-term and regional-scale groundwater recharge simulation in cold and humid climates.

description: The dataset contains potential groundwater recharge (GWR) simulated with a 500 m x 500 m resolution over southern Quebec, with a monthly time step, and with time-variant land cover (LC). The dataset is comprised of the LC classifications and the simulated spatial-temporal GWR. It contains (1) the reclassified, resampled, and annually distributed LC classifications for the 1990-2010 period based on the LC classifications for 1990, 2000, and 2010 (NRCan, 2021); (2) the downscaled LC scenarios from the land use harmonization dataset for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (Hurtt et al., 2011); and (3) the reclassified and resampled LC map for 2015 from Bissonnette et al. (2016) used for the GWR simulation of Dubois et al. (2021a, 2022b). The dataset also contains (4) the simulated GWR over the 1990-2010 period simulated with LC changes from the NRCan (2021) classification and (5) 12 GWR scenarios spanning 1951-2100 simulated with the LC scenarios. GWR data were simulated with these LC scenarios using the HydroBudget model (Dubois et al., 2021a, b) and are presented in Dubois et al. (2022a). They were compared to the data presented in Dubois et al. (2021a, 2022b) for constant LC.
For the 1990-2010 period, interpolated climate data were provided by the Quebec Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (Ministère de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques - MELCC). For the 1951-2100 period, a selection of 12 climate scenarios provided by the Ouranos Consortium from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project— Phase 5 (CMIP5) ensemble (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, various global climate models) were used as input. The simulations were performed at UQAM by the team of Pr Marie Larocque’s research Chair on Water and land conservation (Chaire Eau et conservation du territoire), as part of a project funded by the MELCC.
The study area is located in the Province of Quebec (humid and cold climate; Canada), between the St. Lawrence River and the Canada–USA border and between the Quebec–Ontario border and Quebec City (35 800 km2). The study area is divided into 140 656 cells of 500 m x 500 m.
The simulation results are sorted in netCDF files for each LC classifications (5 classes: agriculture, forest, wetlands, water, urban) and for each GWR simulation. The resampled and reclassified LC map from Bissonnette et al. (2016) is provided as a .csv file. Beside the LC classifications, the available variables are composed of the monthly values of simulated vertical inflow (VI; sum of observed rainfall and simulated snowmelt – mm/month), average temperature (°C), simulated runoff (runoff + excess runoff – mm/month), simulated actual evapotranspiration (mm/month), and simulated GWR (mm/month) for each grid cell. All data have a 500 m x 500 m spatial resolution.
description: Authors contributions: 
Conceptualization and methodology: Emmanuel Dubois, Marie Larocque, and Philip Brunner; Software and visualization, data curation: Emmanuel Dubois; Writing (original draft and review & editing): Emmanuel Dubois and Marie Larocque; Funding acquisition and supervision: Marie Larocque 
The meteorological data (daily total precipitation and daily min and max temperature) used as input to the GWR simulation for the1990-2010 period and presented in the dataset in the post-processed form of VI and average monthly temperature were provided by the Quebec Ministry of the Environment (MELCC). They are not under the CC0 - "Public Domain Dedication" licence and are provided for reproduction purposes only. 
The authors are grateful to the Ouranos Consortium for providing downscaled climate scenarios (daily total precipitation and daily min and max temperature), presented in the GWR scenarios dataset as VI and average monthly temperature. They acknowledge the model output data from the World Climate Research Programme CMIP5 as well as the gridded observation data made available by Natural Resources Canada (NRCan). If re-used, both the source of the data and the provider must be acknowledged.
The LC classification for the 1990-2010 period was resampled and reclassified from the LC maps for 1990, 2000, and 2010 (NRCan, 2021). If re-used, the source of the data must be acknowledged.
The LC scenarios were downscaled on a 500 m x 500 m spatial resolution from the land use harmonization dataset (Hurtt et al., 2011) which is freely available to download from https://luh.umd.edu/. If re-used, the source of the data must be acknowledged.
The resampled and reclassified LC map from Bissonnette et al. (2016) were provided by the Quebec Ministry of the Environment (MELCC). It is not under a CC0 - "Public Domain Dedication" licence and is provided for reproduction purposes only.