cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/3a0a5132-797c-4ed5-98b9-1c17eaa2f2b7
title: Carbon dioxide and methane emissions from incubated streambed sediments from the rivers Tern and  Lambourn, England (2015)

description: The dataset contains carbon dioxide and methane emissions, as well as resorufin production (as a proxy for microbial metabolic activity) and dissolved oxygen concentrations, resulting from laboratory incubation experiments of streambed sediments. The sediments were collected from the upper 10 centimetres of the streambed in the River Tern and the River Lambourn in September 2015, with three samples collected from each river. These samples were collected from three areas: silt-dominated sediment underneath vegetation (fine), sand-dominated sediment from unvegetated zones (medium) and gravel-dominated sediment from unvegetated zones (coarse). The sediment was used in laboratory incubation experiments to determine the effect of temperature, organic matter content, substrate type and geological origin on streambed microbial metabolic activity, and carbon dioxide and methane production.

The work was carried out as part of a Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) funded PhD (NERC award number 1602135). The work was also part funded through the Seventh Framework Programme (EU grant number 607150).
description: Sediment was collected using a shovel before being sieved (0.8 cm for fine, and 1.6 cm for medium and coarse) and homogenised prior to storage. The sediment was stored airtight in the cold and dark. Sediment of varying organic matter content from two geological origins (chalk and sandstone) was incubated at five temperatures (5, 9, 15, 21 and 26°C). Resorufin production was measured using a GGUN-FL30 on-line fluorometer, dissolved oxygen was measured using a Pyro-science Firesting fixed needle-type probe, and carbon dioxide and methane concentrations were measured using an Agilent 7890A Gas Chromatograph - Flame Ionisation Detector. The carbon dioxide and methane concentrations were converted to production per hour by calculating the difference in concentration between zero and five hours and normalising the production by the length of the incubation period. The data was then converted to emissions per volume of dry sediment using the Bunsen coefficient and the volume of sediment in each jar, resulting in units of milligrams of carbon per square metre per hour.  Greenhouse gas concentrations were corrected for any machine drift using results from a standard gas mixture ran periodically during gas analysis. The resorufin concentration was converted to production per hour by calculating the difference in concentration between zero and five hours and normalising the production by the length of the incubation period. The production was then normalised by the concentration of resazurin added to the jar, resulting in units of nanograms of resorufin per microgram of resazurin per hour. Data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and exported as a comma separated value file (.csv) for ingestion into the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/8d42ea20-6e8f-4b39-a735-8a6b3b95984e
title: Methane ebullition from two lowland floodplain fens

description: This dataset includes measurements of methane fluxes from two lowland floodplain fen sites in East Anglia, UK under conservation management (Sutton and Strumpshaw Fens). The data were collected on seven monthly to bimonthly visits during 2013 and comprise methane ebullition fluxes measured using inverted funnels, and methane fluxes measured using static chambers. The tall, static chambers captured methane transported by diffusion, plant-mediated transport and steady ebullition, whereas the inverted funnels captured methane transported by steady and episodic ebullition. The dataset also includes measurements of water level and meteorological variables (net radiation, soil temperature, air pressure) along with an allometric measure of plant biomass (Vascular Green Area).
description: Fieldwork measurements were made following the protocols developed by Defra project SP1210 'Lowland Peatland Systems in England and Wales'. Methane ebullition fluxes were measured using twelve inverted glass funnels at each site. Chamber methane fluxes were measured using six tall, static chambers at each site to capture diffusion, plant-mediated transport and steady ebullition. Measurements were taken within a 0.04 km2 area at each site in vegetation dominated by Phragmites australis. At each site an automatic weather station (MiniMet, Skye Instruments, UK) was used to measure meteorological variables. Six pressure transducers (Levelogger Gold, Solinst, Canada) were installed in dipwells adjacent to each static chamber collar to measure water level. Manual dips taken on a monthly basis were used to calibrate the pressure transducer data. Vascular Green Area was monitored non-destructively within each chamber collar. Measurements of methane concentration in funnels and static chambers were made by gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization detector. The analytical instrument was calibrated each run and certified gases were used to ensure accuracy.
DOI: 10.5285/8ecabd05-9ad6-4e4a-861c-dd767aba57a0
title: Vegetation data from permanent sample plots established during a 2019 field campaign in Gorongosa National Park, Gorongosa District, Mozambique

description: This dataset contains tree species and associated measurements from an initial survey of 8 x 1 ha Permanent Sample Plots (PSP) and 2 x 1 ha biomass measurement plots established on the Eastern Plateau of Gorongosa National Park, Sofala, Mozambique, with intention of assessing the long-term impacts of tropical cyclone damage on woodland structure. Methodology used was in accordance with specifications of the Socio Ecological Observatory for Southern African Woodlands (SEOSAW) plot protocol. PSPs were established between 1st August 2019 to 1st October 2019. PSP establishment was undertaken by University of Edinburgh in collaboration with Eduardo Mondlane University and the Mozambique Institute of Agricultural Research (IIAM) with assistance of Gorongosa National Park Scientific Services Department.
description: Data were collected using physical datasheets (copies held by the University of Edinburgh) and entered as csv during and in the period immediately following fieldwork. A series of quality assurance checks were performed on each field and any inexplicable values were cross-checked with physical records to resolve. Species names and taxonomic reference were also standardised at this point.
DOI: 10.5285/3c77e7bf-78a0-433c-b260-b630e9a36cc0
title: Water chemistry data and elemental content of dissolved organic matter extracted from freshwaters in the UK, 2018-19

description: The data contains site characteristics (water body type, elevation, catchment area) and water chemistry data (pH, dissolved and particulate organic carbon concentrations (DOC and POC)). The composition of DOM extracted by different methods was analysed by elemental analysis; there are data for carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen content. 
The dataset result from an experiment to determine the reliability of various methods to extract dissolved organic matter (DOM) from freshwaters in the UK. 



description: Water samples were collected from sites across the UK and analysed in 2018 and 2019. Laboratory analysis took place as soon as possible after collection. Data were quality checked and analysed in 2019 and 2020.
DOI: 10.5285/47644e3d-3abf-4fa2-9b82-991031f18b0b
title: Earthworm toxicity data for exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles

description: This dataset was generated from a laboratory experiment investigating the toxicity of Zinc oxide nanoparticles and non-nanoparticles to the earthworm Eisenia andrei. The experiment followed the OECD protocol 222 OECD guideline for testing of chemicals Earthworm reproduction test (Eisenia fetida/andrei) 2004. Earthworms, Eisenia andrei, were exposed to Zinc oxide particles and nanoparticles, as well as an ionic reference, Zinc chloride, in soil for 28 days after which survival, reproduction and weight change were measured to assess the toxicity of the different zinc compounds.
description: This dataset was generated from a laboratory experiment investigating the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles and non-nanoparticles to the earthworm Eisenia andrei. The experiment followed the OECD protocol 222: OECD guideline for testing of chemicals: Earthworm reproduction test (Eisenia fetida/andrei) 2004. Earthworms, Eisenia Andrei, were exposed to ZnO particles and nanoparticles, as well as an ionic reference, ZnCl2, in soil for 28 days after which survival, reproduction and weight change were measured to assess the toxicity of the different zinc compounds.
DOI: 10.5285/739c65a5-12c0-439b-bbcd-1252a4086e87
title: UK maps representing baseline uncertainty in CO2 and CH4 fluxes

description: This dataset provides UK maps of baseline prior uncertainty (UQ) in fluxes of Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) carbon dioxide, CO2 (2014-15) and methane, CH4 (2015). Spatial maps of these GHG emissions are produced annually in the National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) but it is important to quantify uncertainty in these maps. These uncertainty estimates come from sectoral uncertainty data provided by the NAEI. Here, we propagate the uncertainty in the maps for each of the sectors contributing to the emissions using a Monte Carlo method, in order to quantify the uncertainty in the total emissions spatially.

The Monte Carlo method employed here uses a novel approach (Nearest Neighbour Gaussian Process) to make calculations computationally affordable.  These estimate the influence on the overall uncertainty of unknown errors in the model structure. Further details of the methodology used here can be found in the supporting documentation included with this data. 

In the near term, this methodology will be used and developed further in the NERC-funded project, DARE-UK (NE/S003614/1), to update UQ in maps of CO2 and CH4 for the UK. For that work and in general, it is useful to have a baseline prior uncertainty quantification against which future UK maps of uncertainty in CO2 and CH4 fluxes can be compared. 
description: The steps involved in creating this data were as follows:
1) Maps of emissions of CO2 and CH4 for each sector for years 2014/15 (CO2) 2015 (CH4) and contributing to the total emissions were obtained from the National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory  (NAEI).
2) Prior uncertainty in the maps for each sector was estimated based on NAEI guidance (https://naei.beis.gov.uk/resources/Sector_Summary_Factsheet_2018-v1.html#5_uncertainties CO2) and (https://uk-air.defra.gov.uk/assets/documents/reports/empire/naei/ipcc/uncertainty/tables.html)
3) Uncertainty in the maps for each of the sectors were propagated using a Monte Carlo method to quantify the uncertainty in the total emissions spatially. 

Full details of the Monte Carlo methodology used can be found in the supporting documentation.

Uncertainty maps:
There are three maps (5th, 50th and 95th quantiles) for each of CO2 and CH4 representing the baseline prior uncertainty spatially in the emissions.  

Dates:
The annual maps provided here are for:

  - March 2014 to Feb 2015 (CO2)
  - Jan 2015 to Dec 2015 (CH4)

Units: 
The units of CO2 fluxes in the data submission are micro mol per metre squared per second. The units of CH4 fluxes are nano mol per metre squared per second.
DOI: 10.5285/0869d961-99ca-4946-9192-f35afccdda38
title: Perception of environmental and other risks - data from a 2018 social science questionnaire in the UK

description: This dataset contains the answers gathered from the 806 participants who successfully finished an on-line survey on risk perception of environment-associated risks. The survey was launched on the 15th of February 2018 and ran for five days. The survey contained best worst scaling (BWS) to understand people's perceptions to certain risks. In this study sixteen risks were included in the BWS including four air-, food- and waterborne illnesses and twelve other hazards. The BWS was run in two blocks to consider two factors: first the respondents selected which risk they fear the most/least and in the second block they selected the risk they believed they had the most/least control. The survey also contained a detailed questionnaire on the participants eating habits and health status. Participants were also asked about their knowledge on enteric pathogens and whether they have ever sought or would consider seeking advice on the symptoms. Respondents were also asked whether they have experienced the hazards described in the BWS and whether they have done anything to reduce the risks in their life. 

The data were collected to gather information on people perceptions on environment-associated risks. This was done to understand the common knowledge on environment-associated pollutants and enlighten issues regarding risk management and mitigation. 

The data were collected as part of the VIRAQUA project was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) under the Environmental Microbiology and Human Health (EMHH) Programme (NE/M010996/1).
description: All data was collected online and facilitated by Research Now Ltd, UK. The company provided a spreadsheet with answers from 1006 respondents. Responses taking less than 5 minutes to complete the survey and those giving repetitive answers were excluded. The number of respondents included in the dataset is 806. The spreadsheet was converted to a CSV file for ingestion into the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/6a5a9a2a-730b-49f7-9e42-2295040aee56
title: Chemical composition of Central Asian forage plants

description: The database of chemical composition of Central Asian forage plants contains just under 1000 desert and steppe species with information such as Latin and Russian names and family and related records of chemical composition from various sources including percentages by weight of protein, ash, cellulose and fat. Where available, it also includes data on digestible protein content, metabolisable energy and Soviet Feed Units (SFU). Records also include information on the country, location, season or month and phenological phase at time of collection of each sample.  As one of the original uses of the database was for modelling food and energy intake by the saiga antelope, it also includes information identifying saiga food plant species along with sources of this information. Data on the edibility of many species for livestock in different seasons are also available. See the detailed documentation available here for more information on the data types, definitions and sources.

NB The database is in text format and must be imported e.g. into relational database software, as Unicode (UTF-8) in order to convert the Cyrillic characters in Russian names.
description: The data come from a number of Soviet era sources listing thousands of records of plant chemical composition, and from an additional number of secondary or field sources compiled since 1991. All sources are listed in the database, which holds only a fraction of the total information available.   
See documentation for more details.
DOI: 10.5285/b8e9c03e-4b71-4e3b-9110-820b7bc0bac7
title: Ecosystem function data from Winklebury Hill, UK, in 2013

description: This dataset contains nitrate and ammonium concentrations, nitrification and mineralisation rates, particle size and microbial biomass data from soils taken from an experiment based at Winklebury Hill, UK. The experiment used seeds and plug plants to create different plant communities on the bare chalk on Winklebury Hill and tested the resulting carbon and nutrient cycling rates and compared these to the characteristics of different plant functional groups. The experiment ran from 2013 to 2016 and this dataset contains data from 2013 only. This experiment was part of the Wessex BESS project, a six-year (2011-2017) project aimed at understanding how biodiversity underpins the ecosystem functions and services that landscapes provide.
description: KCl extractable N and potential mineralisation were measured using an autoanalyser, running 5% analytical replicates, recalibration (at 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 ppm) and blanks every 20 samples. Extracts were adjusted for soil moisture. Standardised protocols were followed in all cases, details of which can be found in the supporting documentation.
DOI: 10.5285/16649ff0-af24-41b0-bcb4-15e610dac170
title: Operational taxonomic units for epilithon bacteria in the rivers Wolf and Tamar catchments

description: This dataset contains operational taxonomic units for epilithon (water samples): Approximate location of sampling sites was determined from maps to provide good spatial coverage of the Wold River through to the Tamar River. Exact sites were determined in the field, considering accessibility and other logistics. The exact location of each sample site was determined using a Garmin GPS12. Three stones were taken from each of the 20 locations and epilithon removed from a defined area. Samples were kept in the cold and removed to the laboratory for analyses. DNA was extracted from all soil and epilithon samples using the MOBIO Powersoil 96 well DNA extraction kit. DNA was quality checked for purity and yield prior to submission for 454 pyrosequencing to assess both bacterial and eukaryotic biodiversity within each sample. Following bioinformatic sequence processing, sequencing were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU) and the data tables display the percentage of each OTU within each sample.
description: Epilithon (water samples): Approximate location of sampling sites was determined from maps to provide good spatial coverage of the Wold River through to the Tamar River. Exact sites were determined in the field, considering accessibility and other logistics. The exact location of each sample site was determined using a Garmin GPS12. Three stones were taken from each of the 20 locations and epilithon removed from a defined area. Samples were kept in the cold and removed to the laboratory for analyses. DNA was extracted from all soil and epilithon samples using the MOBIO Powersoil 96 well DNA extraction kit. DNA was quality checked for purity and yield prior to submission for 454 pyrosequencing to assess both bacterial and eukaryotic biodiversity within each sample. Following bioinformatic sequence processing, sequencing were clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTU) and the data tables display the percentage of each OTU within each sample.
DOI: 10.5285/7794cbfa-1d74-4885-b303-8c20f4608728
title: Photosynthetic pigments in water samples from 20 lochs in Scotland, May-June 2022

description: This dataset describes the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophylls, carotenoids and phycocyanin) measured by HPLC and spectrophotometry in water samples of 20 lochs in Scotland. Data were collected between May and June 2022.
description: Water samples were collected by grab sampling from the surface water layers. Sampling sites were located along the lake shores, except at Loch Leven, where boats were used to collect samples from the open water.

Chlorophylls and carotenoids were determined with High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Phycocyanin was determined by spectrophotometry.

Samples for HPLC and spectrophotometry were collected on glass fibre filters (GF/F Whatman or Fisherbrand MF300) so that the filters were not clogged but were notably coloured.

The HPLC sample filters were folded to enclose the samples and wrapped in aluminium foil before flash-freezing them by submerging them in liquid nitrogen and then storing them at -80 °C. Sample filters for spectrophotometry were stored at -20 °C.

Filters were shipped on dry-ice to the analysis laboratories where they were stored at -80 °C (HPLC) and 20 °C (spectrophotometry) and analysed within 4-6 months of collection. Details of the HPLC protocol and spectrophotometry are given in data_descriptor.docx.
DOI: 10.5285/1d4d70ad-dc38-4e5f-bc39-066babca2fb2
title: Methane fluxes from peatland plateaus and thawing peatland plateaus and from burnt and unburnt forests from permafrost in subarctic Canada

description: This dataset contains methane fluxes from peatland plateaus and thawing peatland plateaus and from burnt and unburnt forests from permafrost in subarctic Canada. Methane fluxes were monitored during summer in 2013 and 2014 in Yukon and Northwest Territories. Monitored sites included peatland plateaus and thawing features of peatland plateaus.
description: Methane flux measurements were performed by placing on the ground PVC-made collars and chambers and monitoring headspace concentrations over time. A portable methane gas analyser Detecto Pak-Infrared (DP-IR, Heath Consultants) was used to monitor methane concentrations. A certified gas standard was used to check the performance of the analyser. The slopes of the linear regression of methane concentrations and time were used to calculate the flux rates.
DOI: 10.5285/6c6d3844-e95a-4f84-a12e-65be4731e934
title: Flower density values of common British plant species [AgriLand]

description: This dataset consists of flower density values of common British plant species. The data were collected during field surveys taking place from February to October in 2011 and 2012. The majority of field sites were located in the south of England. The data were collected under a project named 'Agriland' ( Linking agriculture and land use change to pollinator populations) based at the University of Bristol, as part of the UK Insect Pollinators Initiative. The Insect Pollinators Initiative (IPI) was funded by Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the Scottish Government and the Wellcome Trust, under the auspices of the Living With Environmental Change (LWEC) partnership. 
description: The data were collected during field surveys taking place from February to October in 2011 and 2012. The majority of field sites were located in the south of England. For each species, one or two field populations, in one or two distinct locations, were monitored for the study. For further information, see the Online Supporting Documentation.