cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1cn5p
title: Data from: Demonstrating the potential for dynamic auditory stimulation to contribute to motion sickness

description: Auditory cues can create the illusion of self-motion (vection) in the
 absence of visual or physical stimulation. The present study aimed to
 determine whether auditory cues alone can also elicit motion sickness and
 how auditory cues contribute to motion sickness when added to visual
 motion stimuli. Twenty participants were seated in front of a curved
 projection display and were exposed to a virtual scene that constantly
 rotated around the participant's vertical axis. The virtual scene
 contained either visual-only, auditory-only, or a combination of
 corresponding visual and auditory cues. All participants performed all
 three conditions in a counterbalanced order. Participants tilted their
 heads alternately towards the right or left shoulder in all conditions
 during stimulus exposure in order to create pseudo-Coriolis effects and to
 maximize the likelihood for motion sickness. Measurements of motion
 sickness (onset, severity), vection (latency, strength, duration), and
 postural steadiness (center of pressure) were recorded. Results showed
 that adding auditory cues to the visual stimuli did not, on average,
 affect motion sickness and postural steadiness, but it did reduce vection
 onset times and increased vection strength compared to pure visual or pure
 auditory stimulation. Eighteen of the 20 participants reported at least
 slight motion sickness in the two conditions including visual stimuli.
 More interestingly, six participants also reported slight motion sickness
 during pure auditory stimulation and two of the six participants stopped
 the pure auditory test session due to motion sickness. The present study
 is the first to demonstrate that motion sickness may be caused by pure
 auditory stimulation, which we refer to as “auditorily induced motion
 sickness”.
description: SPSS data: auditorily
 induced motion sicknessThe SPSS data file
 contains subjective ratings of motion sickness and vection. Descriptive
 data (sex, age) and postural steadiness data (center of pressure) are
 included as well.data.sav
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1qv0s
title: Data from: Age-dependent effects of predation risk on reproductive success in a freshwater snail

description: Reproductive performance is often age-dependent, showing patterns of
 improvement and/or senescence as well as trade-offs with other traits
 throughout the lifespan. High levels of extrinsic mortality (e.g., from
 predators) have been shown to sometimes, but not always, select for
 accelerated actuarial senescence in nature and in the lab. Here we explore
 the inductive (i.e., plastic) effects of predation risk (i.e., non-lethal
 exposure to chemical cues from predators) on the reproductive success of
 freshwater snails (Physa acuta). Snails were reared either in the presence
 or absence of chemical cues from predatory crayfish and mated early in
 life or late in life (a 2×2 factorial design); we measured egg hatching
 and early post-hatching survival of their offspring. Both age and
 predation risk reduced reproductive success, illustrating that predation
 risk can have a cross-generational effect on the early survival of
 juveniles. Further, the decline in reproductive success was over 3 times
 faster under predation risk compared to the no-predator treatment, an
 effect that stemmed from a disproportionate, negative effect of predation
 risk on the post-hatching survival instead of hatching rate. We discuss
 our results in terms of a hypothesized consequence of elevated stress
 hormone levels.
description: Auld & Houser
 data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8hr6m
title: Data from: Plum germplasm in Croatia and neighbouring countries assessed by microsatellites and DUS descriptors

description: At a certain period during the last century, former Yugoslavia (which
 among others used to include Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Serbia)
 was the biggest producer of plums in the world. Traditional plum
 cultivars, still grown in this region, represent a mixture of several
 species including: European plums (Prunus domestica L.), mirabelles
 (Prunus insititia var. syriaca (Borkh.) Koehne), and damsons (P. insititia
 L.). The basic problem with the utilization of this plum germplasm, either
 for cultivation or breeding purposes, is a lack of reliable pomology data
 or reference repositories that would enable positive identification of
 cultivars. In this study, 62 plum accessions (42 traditional Croatian
 accessions, six well-known traditional accessions collected from Serbia
 and Bosnia, and 14 international, reference cultivars) were assessed using
 microsatellite markers and distinctness, uniformity, and stability (DUS)
 plum descriptors. Nine primer pairs amplified 168 distinct alleles, or on
 average 18.7 alleles per locus. A significant differentiation between the
 traditional plum cultivars and international reference cultivars, was
 detected through Fst (Fst = 0.022; P &lt; 0.0001), analyses of
 molecular variance (AMOVA; f CT = 0.054; P &lt; 0.05) and later
 confirmed by a factorial correspondence analysis (FCA). Bayesian method
 enabled the classification of mirabelle, damson, and European plum
 genotypes. Principal component analyses, based on 22 morphologic traits,
 managed to separate mirabelle accession from the European plum and damson
 accessions, but there was a general lack of correlation between the
 observed morphologic traits and the molecular data. Results of this study
 indicate that traditional Croatian accessions represent a diverse and
 underutilized plant genetic material, which should be conserved.
description: SSR profiles and sizes
 of private alleles of 62 analysed plum accessionsTable1 - SSR profiles
 (allele sizes expressed in base pairs) of 62 analysed plum accessions (42
 traditional accessions from Croatia, 6 traditional, regional cultivars
 from the neighbouring countries along with 14 international reference
 cultivars), investigated using 9 SSR markers. Table 2 -Sizes of 52 private
 alleles registered exclusively among traditional Croatian plum accessions
 and eight private alleles found only among international reference
 cultivars.Online
 resources.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.860jq72n
title: Data from: Genetic analysis of the peatmoss Sphagnum cribrosum (Sphagnaceae) indicates independent origins of an extreme infra-specific morphology shift

description: Within Sphagnum cribrosum, a dioicous aquatic peatmoss, a unique
 morphological variant (the “waveform”), found at only two lakes in North
 Carolina, has a branching architecture that is extremely differentiated
 from anything otherwise known in Sphagnum, though the plants are
 microscopically indistinguishable from S. cribrosum. At one site where the
 two morphologies co-occur, sixty years of field observations demonstrate
 the persistence of each morphology, even where the two forms grow
 intermixed. We conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment in which
 waveform and normal plants maintained their divergent morphologies for
 eight months. We sampled populations throughout the range and conducted
 genetic and phylogenetic analyses with microsatellite markers and DNA
 sequences to investigate the genetic context of the waveform morphology
 within S. cribrosum. Haplotype networks from DNA sequences showed the two
 waveform populations are separated by 11 substitutions across three loci.
 Microsatellite analyses using non-parametric clustering and admixture
 models also indicated genetic dissimilarity between genotypes with
 waveform morphology at the two lakes. Both molecular datasets suggest that
 the waveform morphology had at least two independent origins despite
 proximity of the two lakes where it uniquely occurs. Given the clonal
 nature of the waveform, it is unlikely to form a cohesive evolutionary
 lineage deserving of taxonomic status. The analysis also revealed a
 genetically diverse population in Georgia as the potential source of
 variation found in all other populations of S. cribrosum.
description: msat_data_dryadMicrosatellite data and locality information for normal and waveform Sphagnum cribrosum samples. 188 samples at 14 loci.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m1fb658
title: Data from: Density-dependent positive feedbacks buffer aquatic plants from interactive effects of eutrophication and predator loss

description: Self-facilitation allows populations to persist under disturbance by
 ameliorating experienced stress. In coastal ecosystems, eutrophication and
 declines of large predatory fish are two common disturbances that can
 synergistically impact habitat-forming plants by benefitting ephemeral
 algae. In theory, density-dependent intra-specific plant facilitation
 could weaken such effects, by ameliorating the amount of experienced
 stress. Here, we tested if and how shoot density of a common aquatic plant
 (Myriophyllum spicatum) alters the response of individual plants to
 eutrophication and exclusion of large predatory fish, using a 12-week cage
 experiment in the field. Results showed that high plant density benefitted
 individual plant performance, but only when the two stressors were
 combined. Epiphytic algal biomass per plant more than doubled in cages
 that excluded large predatory fish, indicative of a trophic cascade.
 Moreover, in this treatment individual shoot biomass, as well as number of
 branches, increased with density when nutrients were added, but decreased
 with density at ambient nutrient levels. In contrast, in open cages that
 large predatory fish could access, epiphytic algal biomass was low, and
 individual plant biomass and number of branches were unaffected by plant
 density and eutrophication. Plant performance generally decreased under
 fertilization, suggesting stressful conditions. Together, these results
 suggest that intra-specific plant facilitation occurred only when large
 fish exclusion (causing high epiphyte load) was accompanied by
 fertilization, and that intraspecific competition instead prevailed when
 no nutrients were added. As coastal ecosystems are increasingly exposed to
 multiple and often interacting stressors like eutrophication and declines
 of large predatory fish, maintaining high plant density is important for
 ecosystem-based management.
description: Epiphyte biomass, plant
 traits and grazer data from the cage experimentplant_grazer_data_SDonadi.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s1p14
title: Data from: A new role for carbonic anhydrase 2 in the response of fish to copper and osmotic stress: implications for multi-stressors studies

description: The majority of ecotoxicological studies are performed under stable and
 optimal conditions, whereas in reality the complexity of the natural
 environment faces organisms with multiple stressors of different type and
 origin, which can activate pathways of response often difficult to
 interpret. In particular, aquatic organisms living in estuarine zones
 already impacted by metal contamination can be exposed to more severe
 salinity variations under a forecasted scenario of global change. In this
 context, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of copper
 exposure on the response of fish to osmotic stress by mimicking in
 laboratory conditions the salinity changes occurring in natural estuaries.
 We hypothesized that copper-exposed individuals are more sensitive to
 osmotic stresses, as copper affects their osmoregulatory system by acting
 on a number of osmotic effector proteins, among which the isoform two of
 the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA2) was identified as a novel factor
 linking the physiological responses to both copper and osmotic stress. To
 test this hypothesis, two in vivo studies were performed using the
 euryhaline fish sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) as test species
 and applying different rates of salinity transition as a controlled way of
 dosing osmotic stress. Measured endpoints included plasma ions
 concentrations and gene expression of CA2 and the α1a-subunit of the
 enzyme Na+/K+ ATPase. Results showed that plasma ions concentrations
 changed after the salinity transition, but notably the magnitude of change
 was greater in the copper-exposed groups, suggesting a sensitizing effect
 of copper on the responses to osmotic stress. Gene expression results
 demonstrated that CA2 is affected by copper at the transcriptional level
 and that this enzyme might play a role in the observed combined effects of
 copper and osmotic stress on ion homeostasis.
description: Enpoints results from in
 vivo 1 and 2The file contains all
 the measured endpoints of the two in vivo experiments (Worksheet 1 and 2)
 described in the manuscript, including: plasma ions concentrations and
 gene expression levels of NKA and CA2 in samples of gills and intestine.
 The spreadsheet also reports fish sex, copper exposure concetrations and
 salinity. The datasets are presented in a format that can be easily used
 for PCA analysis.ALL
 DATA.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4735b
title: Data from: A physiological signature of the cost of reproduction associated with parental care

description: Costs of reproduction are an integral and long-standing component of
 life-history theory, but we still know relatively little about the
 specific physiological mechanisms underlying these trade-offs. We
 experimentally manipulated workload during parental care in female
 European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) using attachment of radios and/or
 wing clipping and assessed measures of workload, current breeding
 productivity, future fecundity, and survival (local return rate) in
 relation to treatment. Females with wing clipping and radio attachment
 paid a clear cost of reproduction compared with all other treatment
 groups: they had lower future fecundity and lower return rates despite
 having lower current breeding productivity. We then measured 13
 physiological traits, including measures of aerobic/metabolic capacity,
 oxidative stress and muscle damage, intermediary metabolism and energy
 supply, and immune function. Our results show that the cost of
 reproduction in females with wing clipping and radio attachment was
 associated with lower oxygen-carrying capacity (lower hematocrit and
 hemoglobin levels), lower energy reserves (plasma nonesterified fatty acid
 and triglyceride levels), decreased immune function (lower haptoglobin
 levels), and elevated levels of oxidative stress (higher levels of dROMs
 [reactive oxygen metabolites] and lower levels of the endogenous
 antioxidant uric acid). Our study provides evidence that costs of
 reproduction involve a widespread decline in physiological function across
 multiple physiological systems consistent with long-standing ideas of
 cumulative “wear and tear” and allostatic load.
description: Dryad_AmNat_Fowler_WilliamsLife-history and physiology data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4t5rt
title: Data from: There is no such thing as a free cigarette: lining nests with discarded butts brings short-term benefits, but causes toxic damage

description: Adaptation to human-modified environments such as cities is poised to be a
 major component of natural history in the foreseeable future. Birds have
 been shown to adapt their vocalizations, use of nesting places and
 activity rhythms to the urban environments, and we have previously
 reported that some species, including the house finch (Carpodacus
 mexicanus), use cellulose from smoked cigarette butts as lining material
 and thus reduce the number of ectoparasites in their nests, probably
 because the nicotine repels arthropods. Nicotine is only one of hundreds
 of potentially harmful substances found in cigarette butts. Here, we
 investigated whether the presence of such chemicals is harmful for house
 finches adding cigarette butts to their nests. We found that hatching and
 fledging success and chick immune response were all positively correlated
 to the proportion of the nest that was made up of butts. However, the
 signs of genotoxicity in the blood cells also increased with the
 proportion of butt cellulose in the nests. Although we have not measured
 the effect of genotoxicity on post-fledging survival and breeding success,
 it seems that bringing cigarette butts to the nest has negative
 consequences that may counterbalance the benefits of using them as
 ectoparasites repellents.
description: SR and MG data- There is
 no such thing...Spreadsheet containing
 all data used to conduct the analyses reported in the manuscript,
 organised in sections each corresponding to one
 analysisSR
 and MG data- There is not such a
 thing....xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.547rp
title: Data from: An experimental test of buffer utility as a technique for managing pool-breeding amphibians

description: Vegetated buffers are used extensively to manage wetland-dependent
 wildlife. Despite widespread application, buffer utility has not been
 experimentally validated for most species. To address this gap, we
 conducted a six-year, landscape-scale experiment, testing how buffers of
 different widths affect the demographic structure of two amphibian species
 at 11 ephemeral pools in a working forest of the northeastern U.S. We
 randomly assigned each pool to one of three treatments (i.e., reference,
 100m buffer, 30m buffer) and clearcut to create buffers. We captured all
 spotted salamanders and wood frogs breeding in each pool and examined the
 impacts of treatment and hydroperiod on breeding-population abundance, sex
 ratio, and recapture rate. The negative effects of clearcutting tended to
 increase as forest-buffer width decreased and be strongest for salamanders
 and when other stressors were present (e.g., at short-hydroperiod pools).
 Recapture rates were reduced in the 30m, but not 100m, treatment.
 Throughout the experiment for frogs, and during the first year post-cut
 for salamanders, the predicted mean proportion of recaptured adults in the
 30m treatment was only 62% and 40%, respectively, of that in the reference
 treatment. Frog sex ratio and abundance did not differ across treatments,
 but salamander sex ratios were increasingly male-biased in both cut
 treatments. By the final year, there were on average, only about 40% and
 65% as many females predicted in the 100m and 30m treatments,
 respectively, compared to the first year. Breeding salamanders at
 short-hydroperiod pools were about 10% as abundant in the 100m versus
 reference treatment. Our study demonstrates that buffers partially
 mitigate the impacts of habitat disturbance on wetland-dependent
 amphibians, but buffer width and hydroperiod critically mediate that
 process. We provide the first experimental evidence showing that 30-m-wide
 buffers may be insufficient for maintaining resilient breeding populations
 of pool-dependent amphibians, at least during the first six years
 post-disturbance.
description: veysey powell and
 babbitt_data_buffers and amphibiansSee ReadMe for
 explanation of variable names.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k186f
title: Data from: Enemy at the gates: rapid defensive trait diversification in an adaptive radiation of lizards

description: Adaptive radiation, the product of rapid diversification of an ancestral
 species into novel adaptive zones, has become pivotal in our understanding
 of biodiversity. While it has widely been accepted that predators may
 drive the process of adaptive radiation by creating ecological opportunity
 (e.g. enemy-free space), the role of predators as selective agents in
 defensive trait diversification remains controversial. Using phylogenetic
 comparative methods, we provide evidence for an ‘early burst’ in the
 diversification of antipredator phenotypes in Cordylinae, a relatively
 small adaptive radiation of morphologically diverse southern African
 lizards. The evolution of body armour appears to have been initially
 rapid, but slowed down over time, consistent with the ecological
 niche-filling model. We suggest that the observed ‘early burst’ pattern
 could be attributed to shifts in vulnerability to different types of
 predators (i.e. aerial versus terrestrial) associated with thermal habitat
 partitioning. These results provide empirical evidence supporting the
 hypothesis that predators or the interaction therewith might be key
 components of ecological opportunity, though the way in which predators
 influence morphological diversification requires further study.
description: Morphological trait
 measurements of cordyline lizardsMeasurements of 21
 morphological traits of cordyline lizards obtained using micro-CT as well
 as residuals and PC-scores used as input for phylogenetic comparative
 analyses.Data for
 Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sf1s3
title: Data from: Tadpole begging reveals high quality

description: Parents can benefit from allocating limited resources non-randomly among
 offspring, and offspring solicitation (i.e., begging) is often
 hypothesized to evolve because it contains information valuable to choosy
 parents. We tested the diagnostic predictions of three ‘honest begging’
 hypotheses –Signal of Need, Signal of Quality, and Signal of Hunger – in
 the tadpoles of a terrestrial frog (Oophaga pumilio). In this frog,
 mothers provision tadpoles with trophic eggs, and when mothers visit,
 tadpoles perform a putative begging signal by stiffening their bodies and
 vibrating rapidly. We assessed the information content of intense tadpole
 begging with an experimental manipulation of tadpole condition
 (need/quality) and food-deprivation (hunger). This experiment revealed
 patterns consistent with the Signal of Quality hypothesis and directly
 counter to predictions of Signal of Need and Signal of Hunger. Begging
 effort and performance were higher in more developed and higher condition
 tadpoles and declined with food-deprivation. Free-living mothers were
 unlikely to feed tadpoles of a non-begging species experimentally
 cross-fostered with their own, and allocated larger meals to more
 developed tadpoles and those that vibrated at higher speed. Mother O.
 pumilio favour their high quality young, and because their concurrent
 offspring are reared in separate nurseries, must do so by making active
 allocation decisions. Our results suggest that these maternal choices are
 based at least in part on offspring signals, indicating that offspring
 solicitation can evolve to signal high quality.
description: Data for Dugas et al. O.
 pumilio beggingEach analysis in the
 manuscript is on its own tab in this file.pumilio_begging_data.xlsx