cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503066.v1
title: ABA regulation of post-germination desiccation tolerance in wheat cultivars contrasting in drought tolerance

description: ABSTRACT Post-germination desiccation tolerance (DT) was studied in two wheat cultivars. Effect of pretreatment of abscisic acid (ABA)/ osmotic/ salt/ heat stress was also studied. One day (d)-old seedlings of wheat cultivars PBW 644 (drought tolerant) and PBW 343 (drought susceptible) were exposed to ABA/stress treatment for next 1 d, desiccated for 4 d and subsequently rehydrated for 4 d. Biomass, protein, water, protein carbonyls (oxidative toxicity) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured in 2 d (treated), 6 d (desiccated), 10 d (rehydrated) seedlings. Vegetative reactive oxygen species (ROS)/ NO-pathways were studied under normal condition and ABA supply by supplying ROS/NO scavengers. Desiccation caused water loss and increased oxidative toxicity. PBW 644 showed very low level of toxicity but higher loss of water under desiccation. ABA/ stress pretreatment further reduced water level under desiccation and reduced biomass upon rehydration in PBW 644 only. On the other hand, PBW 343 did not show higher decrease of water but showed high toxicity under desiccation where ABA/stress pretreatment improved this response by increasing biomass upon rehydration. This indicated that PBW 644 used metabolic arrest under desiccation for survival while PBW 343 used growth promotive mode. ABA/ROS/NO-pathways were operational in both cultivars.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503063
title: Levels of knowledge about asthma of parents of asthmatic children

description: ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the levels of knowledge about asthma of parents of school children. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with parents of children with medical diagnosis of asthma (mild, moderate and severe), followed up at an outpatient referral center for childhood asthma in the Southern region of Brazil (Asthma Group). Parents of children with asthma in remission and healthy children were also selected (Control Group). The Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ) questionnaire was applied in both groups. Results A total of 154 parents of children participated in the study; in that, 62 (40.26%) in the Asthma Group, and 92 (59.74%) in the Control Group, with a mean age of 35.60±10.03 years. Of these, 132 (85.7%) were female, and 72 (46.8%) parents studied up to high school. The average score of level of knowledge was 18.06±4.11 points. Only 30.5% parents had acceptable levels of knowledge about asthma, which were more prevalent in the Asthma Group than in the Control Group (41.9% versus 22.8%, p=0.01). The mean score in Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ) was higher in the Asthma Group (19.32±3.92 versus 17.21±4.03, p=0.001), respectively. The parents with mild and moderate asthmatic children scored more than those of severe asthma (19.5 and 19.9 versus 18.2 points, p=0.02). Conclusion Most parents had an unsatisfactory level of knowledge about asthma, which reinforces the need for changes in public asthma management programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503063.v1
title: Levels of knowledge about asthma of parents of asthmatic children

description: ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the levels of knowledge about asthma of parents of school children. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with parents of children with medical diagnosis of asthma (mild, moderate and severe), followed up at an outpatient referral center for childhood asthma in the Southern region of Brazil (Asthma Group). Parents of children with asthma in remission and healthy children were also selected (Control Group). The Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ) questionnaire was applied in both groups. Results A total of 154 parents of children participated in the study; in that, 62 (40.26%) in the Asthma Group, and 92 (59.74%) in the Control Group, with a mean age of 35.60±10.03 years. Of these, 132 (85.7%) were female, and 72 (46.8%) parents studied up to high school. The average score of level of knowledge was 18.06±4.11 points. Only 30.5% parents had acceptable levels of knowledge about asthma, which were more prevalent in the Asthma Group than in the Control Group (41.9% versus 22.8%, p=0.01). The mean score in Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (NAKQ) was higher in the Asthma Group (19.32±3.92 versus 17.21±4.03, p=0.001), respectively. The parents with mild and moderate asthmatic children scored more than those of severe asthma (19.5 and 19.9 versus 18.2 points, p=0.02). Conclusion Most parents had an unsatisfactory level of knowledge about asthma, which reinforces the need for changes in public asthma management programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503057
title: Social conditions and immune response in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in Brazil

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION The functioning of the immune system during pregnancy is altered in both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected women. Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions have been indicative of higher morbidity and mortality and worsening of the immune system. The aim of this study was to correlate social status with levels of interleukin (IL)-10 (non-inflammatory) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ; inflammatory) cytokines. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with three groups of women: 33 pregnant HIV-infected (G1); 40 non-pregnant, HIV-infected (G2); and 35 pregnant, HIV-uninfected. To measure the social status, a compound indicator called the social status index (SSI), was established using sociodemographic variables (i.e., education level, housing conditions, per capita income, and habitation and sanitary conditions). RESULTS The HIV-infected women had a higher proportion of unfavorable SSI (73% and 75% of G1 and G2, respectively). There were significantly lower IL-10 levels in the G1 group with both unfavorable and favorable SSI than in the other groups. No significant difference in IFN-γ levels was observed among groups. However, the G1 group had higher IFN-γ values among both favorable and unfavorable SSI groups. CONCLUSIONS Higher rates of unfavorable conditions, including lower education levels, IL-10 levels, and a trend for higher IFN-γ levels, were identified among HIV-infected women, pregnant and non-pregnant. These factors may interfere in health care and lead to poor outcomes during pregnancy. Therefore, we suggest that health policies could be created to specifically address these factors in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503057.v1
title: Social conditions and immune response in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive pregnant women: a cross-sectional study in Brazil

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION The functioning of the immune system during pregnancy is altered in both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and uninfected women. Unfavorable socioeconomic conditions have been indicative of higher morbidity and mortality and worsening of the immune system. The aim of this study was to correlate social status with levels of interleukin (IL)-10 (non-inflammatory) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ; inflammatory) cytokines. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with three groups of women: 33 pregnant HIV-infected (G1); 40 non-pregnant, HIV-infected (G2); and 35 pregnant, HIV-uninfected. To measure the social status, a compound indicator called the social status index (SSI), was established using sociodemographic variables (i.e., education level, housing conditions, per capita income, and habitation and sanitary conditions). RESULTS The HIV-infected women had a higher proportion of unfavorable SSI (73% and 75% of G1 and G2, respectively). There were significantly lower IL-10 levels in the G1 group with both unfavorable and favorable SSI than in the other groups. No significant difference in IFN-γ levels was observed among groups. However, the G1 group had higher IFN-γ values among both favorable and unfavorable SSI groups. CONCLUSIONS Higher rates of unfavorable conditions, including lower education levels, IL-10 levels, and a trend for higher IFN-γ levels, were identified among HIV-infected women, pregnant and non-pregnant. These factors may interfere in health care and lead to poor outcomes during pregnancy. Therefore, we suggest that health policies could be created to specifically address these factors in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503054
title: Copper and zinc fractions in the profile of an Inceptisol cultivated with apple in southern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the accumulation and distribution of Cu and Zn fractions in the profile of an Inceptisol by application of fungicides with a previous history of apple cultivation in southern Brazil. Stratified soil samples (0.0 – 0.025 m, 0.025 –0.050 m, 0.05 – 0.10 m, 0.10 – 0.15 m, 0.15 – 0.20 m and 0.20 – 0.40 m depth) were collected in two apple orchards (8 years old and 18 years old), and in a native pasture area adjacent to the orchards. The soil was subjected to analysis of physical and chemical properties and to chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn. The fractions of soluble, exchangeable, organic, residual and total Cu and Zn accumulated in the topsoil (0.0 – 0.025 m) of the orchards, being higher in the orchard cultivated for 18 years. Most Cu, especially in the topsoil of the 18 years old orchard, accumulated in the less stable organic fraction, which can potentiate toxicity to plants and transfer Cu e Zn to ground water. In deeper layers, Cu was also distributed in the residual and mineral fractions, which are more stable. Most Zn in the soil of the apple orchards was distributed in the mineral and residual fractions, which have low mobility and low potential toxicity to plants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503054.v1
title: Copper and zinc fractions in the profile of an Inceptisol cultivated with apple in southern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the accumulation and distribution of Cu and Zn fractions in the profile of an Inceptisol by application of fungicides with a previous history of apple cultivation in southern Brazil. Stratified soil samples (0.0 – 0.025 m, 0.025 –0.050 m, 0.05 – 0.10 m, 0.10 – 0.15 m, 0.15 – 0.20 m and 0.20 – 0.40 m depth) were collected in two apple orchards (8 years old and 18 years old), and in a native pasture area adjacent to the orchards. The soil was subjected to analysis of physical and chemical properties and to chemical fractionation of Cu and Zn. The fractions of soluble, exchangeable, organic, residual and total Cu and Zn accumulated in the topsoil (0.0 – 0.025 m) of the orchards, being higher in the orchard cultivated for 18 years. Most Cu, especially in the topsoil of the 18 years old orchard, accumulated in the less stable organic fraction, which can potentiate toxicity to plants and transfer Cu e Zn to ground water. In deeper layers, Cu was also distributed in the residual and mineral fractions, which are more stable. Most Zn in the soil of the apple orchards was distributed in the mineral and residual fractions, which have low mobility and low potential toxicity to plants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503045
title: Performance of explicit approximations of the coefficient of head loss for pressurized conduits

description: ABSTRACT One of the parameters involved in the design of pressurized hydraulic systems is the pressure drop in the pipes. The verification of the pressure drop can be performed through the Darcy-Weisbach formulation, which considers a coefficient of head loss (f) that can be estimated by the implicit Colebrook-White equation. However, for this determination, it is necessary to use numerical methods or the Moody diagram. Because of this, numerous explicit approaches have been proposed to overcome such limitation. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the explicit approximations of the f for pressurized conduits in comparison to the Colebrook-White formulation, determining the most precise ones so that they can be used as an alternative solution that is valid for the turbulent flow regime. Twenty nine explicit equations found in the literature were analysed, determining the f through the Reynolds number in the range of 4 × 103 ≤ Re ≤ 108 and a relative roughness (Ɛ/D) of 10-6 ≤ Ɛ/D ≤ 5 × 10-2, and obtaining 160 points for each equation. The performance index and relative error of the formulations were analyzed in relation to the Colebrook-White equation. Considering the equations analyzed, we found seven that presented excellent performance and high precision, highlighting the formulation of Offor & Alabi, which can be used as an alternative to the Colebrook-White standard equation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503045.v1
title: Performance of explicit approximations of the coefficient of head loss for pressurized conduits

description: ABSTRACT One of the parameters involved in the design of pressurized hydraulic systems is the pressure drop in the pipes. The verification of the pressure drop can be performed through the Darcy-Weisbach formulation, which considers a coefficient of head loss (f) that can be estimated by the implicit Colebrook-White equation. However, for this determination, it is necessary to use numerical methods or the Moody diagram. Because of this, numerous explicit approaches have been proposed to overcome such limitation. In this sense, the objective of this study was to analyze the explicit approximations of the f for pressurized conduits in comparison to the Colebrook-White formulation, determining the most precise ones so that they can be used as an alternative solution that is valid for the turbulent flow regime. Twenty nine explicit equations found in the literature were analysed, determining the f through the Reynolds number in the range of 4 × 103 ≤ Re ≤ 108 and a relative roughness (Ɛ/D) of 10-6 ≤ Ɛ/D ≤ 5 × 10-2, and obtaining 160 points for each equation. The performance index and relative error of the formulations were analyzed in relation to the Colebrook-White equation. Considering the equations analyzed, we found seven that presented excellent performance and high precision, highlighting the formulation of Offor & Alabi, which can be used as an alternative to the Colebrook-White standard equation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503042
title: Association between Hormonal Contraception and Injuries Induced by Human Papillomavirus in the Uterine Cervix

description: Abstract Objective To evaluate the association between hormonal contraception and the appearance of human papillomavirus HPV-induced lesions in the uterine cervix of patients assisted at a school outpatient clinic - ObGyn outpatient service of the Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Methods A case-control study, with women in fertile age, performed between 2012 and 2015. A total of 101 patients with cervical lesions secondary to HPV were included in the case group, and 101 patients with normal oncotic colpocytology, in the control group. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, US) software, version 24.0, using the 95% confidence interval. To test the homogeneity of the proportions, the chi-square (χ2) test was used for the qualitative variables, and the Student t-test, for the quantitative variables. Results When comparing the occurrence of HPV lesions in users and non-users of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), the association with doses of 0.03 mg or higher of ethinylestradiol (EE) was observed. Thus, a higher probability of developing cervical lesions induced by HPV was identified (odds ratio [OR]: 1.9 p = 0.039); and when these cases were separated by the degree of the lesion, the probability of these patients presentingwith lowgrade squamous intraepithelial lesion was 2.1 times higher (p = 0.036), but with no impact on high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and the occurrence of invasive cancer. No significant differences were found in the other variables analyzed. Conclusion Although the results found in the present study suggest a higher probability of the users of combined hormonal contraceptives with a concentration higher than 0.03 mg of EE to develop low-grade intraepithelial lesions, more studies are needed to conclude causality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503039
title: Alternatives in the control of Alternaria brown spot in ‘Dancy’

description: ABSTRACT The tangerine ‘Dancy’ has desirable characteristics such as color, aroma, flavor and wide acceptance by the market. This variety is highly produced in the state of Paraíba but is susceptible to Alternaria brown spot (MMA), caused by Alternaria alternata, responsible for compromising the fruit quality in tangerine producing regions. To prevent this disease, research using alternative products has been expanded. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the potential of the extract of Caesalpinia ferrea and Chitosan® in the management of MMA in fruits of ‘Dancy’ tangerine. The fruits were disinfested and immersed in extract of C. ferrea at concentrations of 0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 µg/mL, and Chitosan® at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/L. After 24 h of the application of products, the fungus A. alternata was inoculated (105 spores/mL). From the second day after inoculation (DAI), severity (AUDPC) was daily evaluated. For analysis of the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, three fruits/replicate were taken on the first and twelfth days of the experiment. The design was completely randomized including 9 treatments (concentrations of products) and 5 replicates with 5 fruits, which constituted an experimental unit with 225 fruits. Regression analysis and Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05) were performed by using SAS® System 9.3 software. The concentrations of 500 µg/mL of C. ferrea extract and 1.5 g/L Chitosan® reduced the severity of Alternaria brown spot and promoted high activities of the enzymes in ‘Dancy’ tangerine fruits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503042.v1
title: Association between Hormonal Contraception and Injuries Induced by Human Papillomavirus in the Uterine Cervix

description: Abstract Objective To evaluate the association between hormonal contraception and the appearance of human papillomavirus HPV-induced lesions in the uterine cervix of patients assisted at a school outpatient clinic - ObGyn outpatient service of the Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina. Methods A case-control study, with women in fertile age, performed between 2012 and 2015. A total of 101 patients with cervical lesions secondary to HPV were included in the case group, and 101 patients with normal oncotic colpocytology, in the control group. The data were analyzed through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, IBM Corp. Armonk, NY, US) software, version 24.0, using the 95% confidence interval. To test the homogeneity of the proportions, the chi-square (χ2) test was used for the qualitative variables, and the Student t-test, for the quantitative variables. Results When comparing the occurrence of HPV lesions in users and non-users of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), the association with doses of 0.03 mg or higher of ethinylestradiol (EE) was observed. Thus, a higher probability of developing cervical lesions induced by HPV was identified (odds ratio [OR]: 1.9 p = 0.039); and when these cases were separated by the degree of the lesion, the probability of these patients presentingwith lowgrade squamous intraepithelial lesion was 2.1 times higher (p = 0.036), but with no impact on high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and the occurrence of invasive cancer. No significant differences were found in the other variables analyzed. Conclusion Although the results found in the present study suggest a higher probability of the users of combined hormonal contraceptives with a concentration higher than 0.03 mg of EE to develop low-grade intraepithelial lesions, more studies are needed to conclude causality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503039.v1
title: Alternatives in the control of Alternaria brown spot in ‘Dancy’

description: ABSTRACT The tangerine ‘Dancy’ has desirable characteristics such as color, aroma, flavor and wide acceptance by the market. This variety is highly produced in the state of Paraíba but is susceptible to Alternaria brown spot (MMA), caused by Alternaria alternata, responsible for compromising the fruit quality in tangerine producing regions. To prevent this disease, research using alternative products has been expanded. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the potential of the extract of Caesalpinia ferrea and Chitosan® in the management of MMA in fruits of ‘Dancy’ tangerine. The fruits were disinfested and immersed in extract of C. ferrea at concentrations of 0, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 µg/mL, and Chitosan® at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/L. After 24 h of the application of products, the fungus A. alternata was inoculated (105 spores/mL). From the second day after inoculation (DAI), severity (AUDPC) was daily evaluated. For analysis of the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, three fruits/replicate were taken on the first and twelfth days of the experiment. The design was completely randomized including 9 treatments (concentrations of products) and 5 replicates with 5 fruits, which constituted an experimental unit with 225 fruits. Regression analysis and Dunnett’s test (P ≤ 0.05) were performed by using SAS® System 9.3 software. The concentrations of 500 µg/mL of C. ferrea extract and 1.5 g/L Chitosan® reduced the severity of Alternaria brown spot and promoted high activities of the enzymes in ‘Dancy’ tangerine fruits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503036
title: Does fertility in Brazil and Argentina converge? A focus on inequalities

description: Abstract The idea of trend in fertility levels towards convergence in Latin America and the Caribbean is widely accepted, both in academic studies and in the underlying assumptions of the population projections in the region. However, little is known about the demographic convergence processes when fertility is decomposed according to variables of social differentiation. The aim of this article is to compare the convergence hypothesis in Argentina and Brazil from 1970 to 2010 through the analysis of the evolution of the Total Fertility Rate by statistical regions, educational levels and socio-occupational categories. Data come from national population censuses and variables were harmonized to allow comparisons between both countries. A variation of the Brass P/F ratio method and the Gompertz relational model was used to estimate fertility levels and measures of convergence was calculated to assess the hypothesis of convergence according to the categories of analysis. The results show evidence of convergence in fertility during the period of study, especially in Brazil, although some cycles of divergence and marked differences between the two countries were observed, particularly those arising from the position in the occupational structure.