cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276197
title: Medicinal plants in cultures of Afro-descendant communities in Brazil, Europe and Africa

description: ABSTRACT Ethnomedicine focuses on empirical and traditional knowledge of healing practices of different human groups, including the use of plants as medicine. We aimed to determine whether there is consensus regarding the use of plants in traditional medicine of Afro-descendant communities in Brazil, Europe and Africa. Data were obtained through interviews, walks-in-the-woods, participant observations and bibliographic searches. We analyzed similarities among data sets to determine whether there is convergence in the use of traditional medicinal plants among these communities considering that they share influence from African culture and a common spoken language (Portuguese). Similarities among communities were assessed through cluster analysis using presence or absence data for the variables. We recorded 405 medicinal plants, most of which were spontaneously occurring, although some were cultivated. The most represented botanical families were Asteraceae and Lamiaceae. Similarity in medicinal plants among communities was found to be tenuous due to the biogeographical and spatial characteristics of the biomes, and to historical and cultural peculiarities of each locality, resulting in different sets of medicinal plants. This study contributes to understanding the role of the historical legacies of the African diaspora and of European (Portuguese) expansion in the adaptation and maintenance of new elements in local floras.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276194
title: Periodontal parameters of two types of 3 x 3 orthodontic retainer: a longitudinal study

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: bonded fixed retainers are often used to stabilize the results obtained with the orthodontic treatment. It is important that they do not prejudice dental health, as they will be used for a long period. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare periodontal indexes between two types of bonded fixed retainers, conventional 3 x 3 plain retainer (0.8-mm orthodontic wire, bonded to the canines only) and a manufactured braided retainer (0.2 x 0.7-mm stainless steel wire, bonded to all anterior teeth) after use. Methods: a test group of 15 volunteers (aged from 18 to 25 years) used both the conventional retainer and braided retainer for six months. A randomized longitudinal study design, with a two week washout interval, was applied. The dental plaque index, gingival index and dental calculus index were evaluated. Furthermore, the calculus accumulated along the retainer wire was measured and all patients answered a questionnaire about the use, acceptance and comfort of both types of retainers. Results: the scores for plaque and gingival indexes were higher for the braided retainer (p&lt; 0.05) on the lingual and proximal surfaces. The same occurred with the calculus index on the lingual surfaces (p&lt; 0.05). The calculus index along wire was higher for the braided retainer (p&lt; 0.05). All patients preferred the conventional retainer, and said that it was also more comfortable to use. Conclusion: it was concluded that the conventional retainer showed better periodontal indexes than the braided type.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276191
title: Cervical cytopathological changes in Pap smear test in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the cytopathologic alterations in women who undergo the Papanicolaou exam by the single health system in a laboratory in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methodology: Data were collected from cytopathological reports of the year 2015 by the cancer information system. The variables referring to age and cytopathologic alteration were selected. The analyzes were performed by descriptive statistics, including frequency, mean, standard deviation. The associations between the categorical variables were evaluated by the Qui Quadrado test in SPSS software version 22.0. Results: In the year 2015, 2346 women underwent cytopathological examination, where 34.7% were within the limits of normality, 62.6% presented benign cellular alteration, of which 47.5% were inflammatory. Of the alterations, 1.8% were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US); 0.6% were low-grad squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL); 0.2% were atypical squamous cells and it was not possible to exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H); and 0.1% were high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Regarding the age of the women, a higher frequency was observed in the age group above 55 years and an average of 46.5 years. Conclusion: The benign cellular alterations were the most frequent, with the prevalence of inflammation. The most common precursor lesions of cervical cancer were ASC-US and LSIL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276197.v1
title: Medicinal plants in cultures of Afro-descendant communities in Brazil, Europe and Africa

description: ABSTRACT Ethnomedicine focuses on empirical and traditional knowledge of healing practices of different human groups, including the use of plants as medicine. We aimed to determine whether there is consensus regarding the use of plants in traditional medicine of Afro-descendant communities in Brazil, Europe and Africa. Data were obtained through interviews, walks-in-the-woods, participant observations and bibliographic searches. We analyzed similarities among data sets to determine whether there is convergence in the use of traditional medicinal plants among these communities considering that they share influence from African culture and a common spoken language (Portuguese). Similarities among communities were assessed through cluster analysis using presence or absence data for the variables. We recorded 405 medicinal plants, most of which were spontaneously occurring, although some were cultivated. The most represented botanical families were Asteraceae and Lamiaceae. Similarity in medicinal plants among communities was found to be tenuous due to the biogeographical and spatial characteristics of the biomes, and to historical and cultural peculiarities of each locality, resulting in different sets of medicinal plants. This study contributes to understanding the role of the historical legacies of the African diaspora and of European (Portuguese) expansion in the adaptation and maintenance of new elements in local floras.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276185
title: Wind Profile in the Aquatic System Using Multirotor Aircraft: Sample Design and Instrumental Advances

description: Abstract The Project “unmanned aerial vehicles to wind assessment in aquatic systems” was a multi-institutional and multi-instrument experiment carried out to measure, in detail, the spatial characteristics of mean wind over a large tropical aquatic system and how is the flow modulated by hill, ramp and abrupt roughness change. Two field experiments were conducted during September and November 2016 in the Furnas reservoir and surrounding, an extensive (~1,250 km2) Brazilian typical reservoir. During the experiments, two towers were deployed on a hill and isle, and on the anchored buoy was installed a 10 m mast and a Doppler Lidar with a stabilizing mechanism. Vertical profile of temperature and humidity was obtained by attach sensor to tethered balloon. The present paper provides an overview of the Project as a whole, including a detailed description of the study area and the instrumentation and attempts to prove the viability of using an unmanned 6-motors rotorcraft, commonly known as a hexacopter, as a promising low-cost alternative to traditional platforms for vertical profiling in the atmospheric boundary layer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276191.v1
title: Cervical cytopathological changes in Pap smear test in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the cytopathologic alterations in women who undergo the Papanicolaou exam by the single health system in a laboratory in the city of Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methodology: Data were collected from cytopathological reports of the year 2015 by the cancer information system. The variables referring to age and cytopathologic alteration were selected. The analyzes were performed by descriptive statistics, including frequency, mean, standard deviation. The associations between the categorical variables were evaluated by the Qui Quadrado test in SPSS software version 22.0. Results: In the year 2015, 2346 women underwent cytopathological examination, where 34.7% were within the limits of normality, 62.6% presented benign cellular alteration, of which 47.5% were inflammatory. Of the alterations, 1.8% were atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US); 0.6% were low-grad squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL); 0.2% were atypical squamous cells and it was not possible to exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H); and 0.1% were high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Regarding the age of the women, a higher frequency was observed in the age group above 55 years and an average of 46.5 years. Conclusion: The benign cellular alterations were the most frequent, with the prevalence of inflammation. The most common precursor lesions of cervical cancer were ASC-US and LSIL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276194.v1
title: Periodontal parameters of two types of 3 x 3 orthodontic retainer: a longitudinal study

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: bonded fixed retainers are often used to stabilize the results obtained with the orthodontic treatment. It is important that they do not prejudice dental health, as they will be used for a long period. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare periodontal indexes between two types of bonded fixed retainers, conventional 3 x 3 plain retainer (0.8-mm orthodontic wire, bonded to the canines only) and a manufactured braided retainer (0.2 x 0.7-mm stainless steel wire, bonded to all anterior teeth) after use. Methods: a test group of 15 volunteers (aged from 18 to 25 years) used both the conventional retainer and braided retainer for six months. A randomized longitudinal study design, with a two week washout interval, was applied. The dental plaque index, gingival index and dental calculus index were evaluated. Furthermore, the calculus accumulated along the retainer wire was measured and all patients answered a questionnaire about the use, acceptance and comfort of both types of retainers. Results: the scores for plaque and gingival indexes were higher for the braided retainer (p&lt; 0.05) on the lingual and proximal surfaces. The same occurred with the calculus index on the lingual surfaces (p&lt; 0.05). The calculus index along wire was higher for the braided retainer (p&lt; 0.05). All patients preferred the conventional retainer, and said that it was also more comfortable to use. Conclusion: it was concluded that the conventional retainer showed better periodontal indexes than the braided type.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276179
title: Study of poultry carcass biodegradation through the Composting process in closed discontinuous digesters

description: ABSTRACT The study on poultry carcasses’ biodegradation through composting in closed discontinuous digesters enabled the evaluation of composting as an alternative for the treatment of solid waste generated on farms. The study began with the characterization of the waste that would be used in the process and went through the analysis and monitoring of the identified parameters to evaluate the composting process inside the digester. The composting was found satisfactory at the end of the process, and all carcasses were totally degraded and did not present any environmental risks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276185.v1
title: Wind Profile in the Aquatic System Using Multirotor Aircraft: Sample Design and Instrumental Advances

description: Abstract The Project “unmanned aerial vehicles to wind assessment in aquatic systems” was a multi-institutional and multi-instrument experiment carried out to measure, in detail, the spatial characteristics of mean wind over a large tropical aquatic system and how is the flow modulated by hill, ramp and abrupt roughness change. Two field experiments were conducted during September and November 2016 in the Furnas reservoir and surrounding, an extensive (~1,250 km2) Brazilian typical reservoir. During the experiments, two towers were deployed on a hill and isle, and on the anchored buoy was installed a 10 m mast and a Doppler Lidar with a stabilizing mechanism. Vertical profile of temperature and humidity was obtained by attach sensor to tethered balloon. The present paper provides an overview of the Project as a whole, including a detailed description of the study area and the instrumentation and attempts to prove the viability of using an unmanned 6-motors rotorcraft, commonly known as a hexacopter, as a promising low-cost alternative to traditional platforms for vertical profiling in the atmospheric boundary layer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276179.v1
title: Study of poultry carcass biodegradation through the Composting process in closed discontinuous digesters

description: ABSTRACT The study on poultry carcasses’ biodegradation through composting in closed discontinuous digesters enabled the evaluation of composting as an alternative for the treatment of solid waste generated on farms. The study began with the characterization of the waste that would be used in the process and went through the analysis and monitoring of the identified parameters to evaluate the composting process inside the digester. The composting was found satisfactory at the end of the process, and all carcasses were totally degraded and did not present any environmental risks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276170
title: Removal of 2,4-D in water samples by adsorption in fixed beds of granular activated carbon on reduced scale

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess by means of rapid tests of small-scale column the adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon (GAC) for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from samples of ultrapure water and filtered water from a water treatment plant. The adsorption capacities values obtained from distilled water samples were 67% higher than those obtained for water having natural organic matter (NOM). NOM strongly influenced the removal of 2,4-D, competing for GAC adsorption sites, and decreasing its adsorption capacity to 7 mg 2,4-D g-1 CAG. For 2,4-D concentration of 7089 ± 104 µg L-1 and the water treated volume/GAC volume at 766, it was possible to produce treated water with 2,4-D concentration less than 30 µg L-1 as recommended by Brazilian Drinking Water Legislation of the Ministry of Health (Portaria MS 2914/2011).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276164
title: Incorporation of nitrogen and phosphorus in the leaves of Typha domingensis Pers. macrophyte during treat dairy cattle wastewater in constructed wetlands

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of macrophyte Typha domingensis Pers. in different development stages in the nitrogen and phosphorus removal from a horizontal flow constructed wetland (WCH) applied for dairy cattle wastewater treatment. In this way, growth, nitrogen and phosphorus levels in the leaf tissue of macrophytes were monitored during a 120-day growth period. Typha domingensis Pers. macrophyte was responsible for a mean removal of 5.12 and 3.16% of the applied loads in the WCH, for nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively. The higher nutriens removal rates (30.2 and 6.4 g P kg-1) were identified when the higher tissue growth rates occurred (24.17 cm week-1).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276167
title: Long-Term Correlations in São Francisco River Flow: The Influence of Sobradinho Dam

description: Abstract In this work we study the influence of the Sobradinho dam construction on daily streamflow of São Francisco River, Brasil, by analyzing long-range correlations in magnitude and sign time series obtained from streamflow anomalies, using the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) method. The magnitude series relates to the nonlinear properties of the original time series, while the sign series relates to the linear properties. The streamflow data recorded during the period 1929-2009, were divided in the periods pre-construction (1929 to 1972) and post-construction (1980 to 2009) of Sobradinho dam and analyzed for small scales (less than 1 year) and for large scales (more than 1 year). In post-construction of Sobradinho dam, DFA-exponents of magnitude series increased at small scales (0.895 to 1.013) and at large scales (0.371 to 0.619) indicating that the memory associated with nonlinear components becames stronger. For sign series, the DFA-exponent increased at small scales (0.596 to 0.692) indicating stronger persistence of flow increments direction, and decreased at large scales (0.381 to 0.259) indicating stronger anti-persistence (positive increments are more likely to be followed by negative increments and vice versa). These results provide new evidence on the hydrological changes in the São Francisco River caused by human activities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276170.v1
title: Removal of 2,4-D in water samples by adsorption in fixed beds of granular activated carbon on reduced scale

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess by means of rapid tests of small-scale column the adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon (GAC) for removal of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) from samples of ultrapure water and filtered water from a water treatment plant. The adsorption capacities values obtained from distilled water samples were 67% higher than those obtained for water having natural organic matter (NOM). NOM strongly influenced the removal of 2,4-D, competing for GAC adsorption sites, and decreasing its adsorption capacity to 7 mg 2,4-D g-1 CAG. For 2,4-D concentration of 7089 ± 104 µg L-1 and the water treated volume/GAC volume at 766, it was possible to produce treated water with 2,4-D concentration less than 30 µg L-1 as recommended by Brazilian Drinking Water Legislation of the Ministry of Health (Portaria MS 2914/2011).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276158
title: A test method for determining the oil concentration in water samples contaminated with oil and grease

description: ABSTRACT Oil and grease concentration in water samples contaminated by oily residues can be determined by the procedures established in the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. However, its application does not always result in adequate values or satisfactory accuracy levels in order to meet regulatory standards. In this sense, this paper presents a test-method proposal for determining mineral oil concentration in water samples from runoff of paved areas subject to oil and grease spillages. This method is based on the partition-gravimetric method (5520 B) established by the Standard Methods. In the new procedure, the separation between the extraction solvent containing residues and the aqueous phase remainder was replaced by the whole water sample evaporation in an oven at 85ºC. In order to assess the proposed method’s efficiency, samples were prepared with known oil concentrations of 200, 100, 50, 25 and 15 mg.L-1, in distilled water and laboratory tests were performed to determine the oil content, according to the new procedure. The values obtained for the oil concentrations through the proposed procedure are quite satisfactory, presenting linear behavior in relation to the reference concentrations. This fact evidences the reliability of the new method and its applicability in determining the oil concentration in contaminated water samples from runoff in pavement surfaces.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276161
title: A Systematic Review of Relevant Variables in the Production of Errors in Mathematics

description: Abstract Issues involving the identification, analysis, and interpretation of mistakes made by mathematics students are not recent, although much still can be investigated on this subject. The aim of the present study was to identify, from the existing literature, relevant variables in the production of errors in mathematics. A systematic review of the literature of the period between 2012 and 2017 was independently performed by two researchers to evaluate the concordance between them. We searched the ERIC, PsycArticles, SciELO and Math Educ Database databases with the descriptors error AND mathematics OR math, error AND procedure AND mathematics OR math, error pattern AND mathematics OR math, analysis of errors AND mathematics OR math, systemic error AND mathematics OR math and their correspondents in Portuguese and Spanish. A total of 415 articles were identified, of which 31 were analyzed, dealing with error production. The variables identified as responsible for producing the most common errors refer to the student's internal causes or unspecified difficulties and errors in the teaching procedures. Responsibility for error is usually attributed to the students and the main trend of the research is only to inform the production of errors, since only a few studies have indicated ways to avoid or deal with errors produced by students in a specific and descriptive way. We emphasize importance and necessity of investigating educational practices to prevent and deal with errors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276167.v1
title: Long-Term Correlations in São Francisco River Flow: The Influence of Sobradinho Dam

description: Abstract In this work we study the influence of the Sobradinho dam construction on daily streamflow of São Francisco River, Brasil, by analyzing long-range correlations in magnitude and sign time series obtained from streamflow anomalies, using the Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) method. The magnitude series relates to the nonlinear properties of the original time series, while the sign series relates to the linear properties. The streamflow data recorded during the period 1929-2009, were divided in the periods pre-construction (1929 to 1972) and post-construction (1980 to 2009) of Sobradinho dam and analyzed for small scales (less than 1 year) and for large scales (more than 1 year). In post-construction of Sobradinho dam, DFA-exponents of magnitude series increased at small scales (0.895 to 1.013) and at large scales (0.371 to 0.619) indicating that the memory associated with nonlinear components becames stronger. For sign series, the DFA-exponent increased at small scales (0.596 to 0.692) indicating stronger persistence of flow increments direction, and decreased at large scales (0.381 to 0.259) indicating stronger anti-persistence (positive increments are more likely to be followed by negative increments and vice versa). These results provide new evidence on the hydrological changes in the São Francisco River caused by human activities.