cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129701
title: Supplementary Material for: New Developments in Mechanical Enhancement of Colonoscopy: Cuffs, Caps and Rings

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cause of cancer-related deaths. Early detection of precursor lesions in the adenoma-carcinoma sequence via colonoscopy can decrease mortality from CRC. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> In this review article, we have summarized retrospective studies, prospective single center, multicenter studies and randomized controlled trials describing the efficacy of endocuff colonoscopy (EC), cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) and endorings colonoscopy (ERC). Indications, techniques, outcomes, limitations and complications reported are discussed. <b><i>Key Message:</i></b> Use of colonoscope with cap, cuff or rings attached to its distal tip has been shown to increase the polyp detection rate and adenoma detection rate, predominantly for the small polyps (&lt;1 cm) and proximal colon location. Evidence is uniform for EC and ERC but not for CAC. Benefits of shorter cecum intubation time, improved cecum intubation rates and decreased pain scores during colonoscopy done with assistance of cuff or cap has potential to decrease the number of incomplete colonoscopy and increase overall patient satisfaction, thus improving follow-up. In the absence of any additional adverse events, EC, CAC and ERC have potential to enhance the benefits of colonoscopy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129704
title: Supplementary Material for: Comprehensive Analysis of Complement Genes in Patients with Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Genetic defects in complement proteins reportedly contribute to the atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). Numerous genetic studies have been published in recent years, but limited data have been gathered from Asian countries. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Genetic variants of 11 complement genes were analyzed in 23 Chinese patients with aHUS by high-throughput sequencing. The genotype-phenotype relationship in the Han population was evaluated and compared with the relationship that existed in other ethnicities. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We identified 20 causative mutations in complement genes, including 19 missense mutations and 1 splicing mutation. Six previously reported mutations, 6 mutations detected for the first time, and 8 rare polymorphisms were noted. Twelve out of 23 patients harbored complement mutations. Among the patients, one was a homozygote (Arg142Cys in CFHR3), and 4 carried combined mutations. Chinese patients have a similar prevalence of complement mutations as European, Japanese, and American patients. Complement factor H (CFH) mutations were common in aHUS in different ethnicities, but Chinese patients exhibited a higher percentage of complement factor B mutations than were found in European patients and a lower percentage of component 3 (C3) mutations than in Japanese patients. Compared with non-carriers, the aHUS patients carrying mutations had reduced C3 levels. In particular, patients with CFH mutations had a worse renal function than those with membrane cofactor protein mutations, a higher level of serum creatinine at the disease onset and a higher percentage of renal insufficiency during follow-up. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Because complement genetic dysfunction has clinical significance in aHUS, a comprehensive assessment of variants is necessary for the proper management of aHUS patients in China.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129695.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Dexamethasone Is One of the Factors Minimizing the Inner Ear Damage from Electrode Insertion in Cochlear Implantation

description: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of preoperative and intraoperative steroid administration for inner ear protection in cochlear implantation (CI). Nineteen subjects who underwent CI were included in the study, and 10 subjects were enrolled as controls (steroid-administered group, n = 19; control group, n = 10). Dexamethasone (dexamethasone sodium phosphate, 5 mg/ml) was systemically administered preoperatively (1 ml) and topically applied during CI (0.5 ml). The extent of hearing preservation (HP) after CI and the change in the bithermal caloric response were evaluated. Hearing level was calculated using mean thresholds [(250 Hz + 500 Hz + 1,000 Hz + 2,000 Hz)/4]. Preoperative hearing thresholds were similar in the steroid-administered and control groups (100.92 ± 12.60 vs. 103.29 ± 14.39 dB, p = 0.650). The mean thresholds significantly increased in both groups after surgery (108.46 ± 14.08 dB, p = 0.006, for the steroid-administered group; 117.50 ± 6.34 dB, p = 0.027, for the control group), and the difference between the groups was also significant (p = 0.027). The postoperative shift in the hearing thresholds at frequencies of 500 and 1,000 Hz was significant in the steroid-administered group and that at the frequencies of 500, 1,000 and 2,000 Hz was significant in the control group. However, the extent of the shift in hearing threshold levels at each frequency was not significantly different between the groups. Preservation of hearing thresholds was compared between the groups, and there were significantly more subjects with complete and partial HP in the steroid-administered group than in the control group (p = 0.008). The preoperative caloric response was maintained after CI in the steroid-administered group. This study suggests that the perioperative use of a steroid could minimize the inner ear damage after CI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129698
title: Supplementary Material for: Skin Wound Repair Is Not Altered in the Absence of Endogenous AnxA1 or AnxA5, but Pharmacological Concentrations of AnxA4 and AnxA5 Inhibit Wound Hemostasis

description: Skin injury induces the cell surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on damaged and dying cells to activate coagulation and repair processes. Annexins can bind to PS and may modulate the healing response. Here, we determine the relevance of annexins for skin wound healing using AnxA1- and AnxA5-deficient mice and recombinant annexins with distinct PS binding properties. Wound inflammation, closure and the formation of granulation tissue were not altered in AnxA1- or AnxA5-deficient mice or after increasing AnxA5 serum concentrations (100 nM) in wild-type mice. Increased serum concentrations (1 µM) of AnxA5 induced massive bleeding, but wound hemostasis was not delayed by AnxA1. Both annexins interact with PS, but only AnxA5 can form 2-dimensional (2D) arrays on the cell surface. The injection of an AnxA5 mutant that binds to PS but lacks the ability of 2D array formation failed to induce bleeding. 2D lattice-forming AnxA4, with high affinity to PS also caused bleeding, while hemostasis was not affected by AnxA8 with low affinity or the AnxA8 mutant with medium affinity for PS and the lack of 2D formation. Increased concentrations of AnxA4 and AnxA5 also delayed coagulation pathway activation in vitro. This effect was attenuated for the AnxA5 mutant as well as for AnxA1 and AnxA8. In conclusion, endogenous AnxA1 and AnxA5 are dispensable for wound hemostasis and repair, but pharmacologically excessive concentrations of AnxA4 and AnxA5 inhibit hemostasis in skin wounds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129686
title: Supplementary Material for: Rare-Variant Kernel Machine Test for Longitudinal Data from Population and Family Samples

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The kernel machine (KM) test reportedly performs well in the set-based association test of rare variants. Many studies have been conducted to measure phenotypes at multiple time points, but the standard KM methodology has only been available for phenotypes at a single time point. In addition, family-based designs have been widely used in genetic association studies; therefore, the data analysis method used must appropriately handle familial relatedness. A rare-variant test does not currently exist for longitudinal data from family samples. Therefore, in this paper, we aim to introduce an association test for rare variants, which includes multiple longitudinal phenotype measurements for either population or family samples. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This approach uses KM regression based on the linear mixed model framework and is applicable to longitudinal data from either population (L-KM) or family samples (LF-KM). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In our population-based simulation studies, L-KM has good control of Type I error rate and increased power in all the scenarios we considered compared with other competing methods. Conversely, in the family-based simulation studies, we found an inflated Type I error rate when L-KM was applied directly to the family samples, whereas LF-KM retained the desired Type I error rate and had the best power performance overall. Finally, we illustrate the utility of our proposed LF-KM approach by analyzing data from an association study between rare variants and blood pressure from the Genetic Analysis Workshop 18 (GAW18). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We propose a method for rare-variant association testing in population and family samples using phenotypes measured at multiple time points for each subject. The proposed method has the best power performance compared to competing approaches in our simulation study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129689
title: Supplementary Material for: Trends of Stroke Incidence from 1995 to 2013 in Joinville, Brazil

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Temporal trends on the incidence of stroke and its subtypes could help assess on-going public health policies and point to further targets for action among middle- and low-income countries, where the stroke burden is very high. This study aimed at evaluating longitudinal trends of stroke incidence in Joinville, Brazil. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We ascertained the incidence of all first-ever strokes occurred in 1995, 2005-2006 and 2012-2013, which were extracted from Joinville Stroke Registry, a prospective epidemiological data bank, launched in 1995. <b><i>Results:</i></b> From 1995 to 2013, the age-adjusted incidence of all strokes decreased 37% (95% CI 32-42). From 2005 to 2013, the haemorrhagic stroke (HS) incidence decreased 60% (95% CI 13-86), ischemic stroke (IS) incidence decreased 15% (95% CI 1-28), and subarachnoid haemorrhage incidence remained stable. The proportion of IS and HS patients with regularly treated hypertension increased by 60% (p = 0.01) and 33% (p = 0.01), respectively. The proportion of IS and HS patients that quit smoking increased 8% (p = 0.03) and 17% (p = 0.03), respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Stroke incidence has been decreasing in Joinville over the last 18 years, more so for HS than IS. Better control of hypertension and tobacco use might explain these findings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129680
title: Supplementary Material for: Icosabutate, a Structurally Engineered Fatty Acid, Improves the Cardiovascular Risk Profile in Statin-Treated Patients with Residual Hypertriglyceridemia

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To evaluate the efficacy and safety of icosabutate, an oral, once-daily, first-in-class medication, in reducing non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in patients with persistent hypertriglyceridemia despite statin therapy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The study was designed to randomly assign 140 patients with fasting triglyceride levels ≥200 but &lt;500 mg/dl on a stable dose of statin therapy to receive either masked icosabutate 600 mg once daily or a control for 12 weeks. The primary end point was a percentage change in non-HDL-C from baseline to 12 weeks. <b><i>Results:</i></b> With icosabutate, non-HDL-C levels were reduced (-9.2%) when compared with the control (-0.4%) for a between-group difference of -7.4% (p = 0.02). Compared with the control, icosabutate reduced triglycerides (-27.0%, p &lt; 0.001), very- low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol (-31.5%, p &lt; 0.001) and apolipoprotein C-III (-22.5%, p &lt; 0.001). LDL-C levels did not change (0.5%, p = 0.87). HDL-C (10.2%, p &lt; 0.001) was increased. After 113 subjects had been randomized, the study was terminated due to a partial clinical hold imposed by US regulators after observing QT prolongation at supratherapeutic doses of icosabutate in a dog study. In this study, adverse events were balanced between treatment arms, and there were no discontinuations due to adverse events. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Icosabutate was efficacious in lowering non-HDL-C and other biomarkers of cardiovascular risk and was generally well tolerated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129683
title: Supplementary Material for: Pure Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma Originating from the Urinary Bladder

description: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder (LELCB) is a rare variant of infiltrating urothelial carcinoma. We report a case of LELCB in a 43-year-old man. Ultrasonography and cystoscopy revealed two bladder tumors, one on the left side of the trigone and the other on the right side of the trigone. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumors was performed and pathological analysis revealed undifferentiated carcinoma. We therefore performed radical cystectomy and urinary diversion. Immunohistochemically the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin, but negative for Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA in situ hybridization as found for previous cases of LELCB. The final pathological diagnosis was a lymphoepithelioma-like variant of urothelial carcinoma with perivesical soft tissue invasion. For adjuvant systemic chemotherapy, three courses of cisplatin were administered. The patient subsequently became free of cancer 72 months postoperatively. Based on the literature, pure or predominant LELCB types show favorable prognoses due to their sensitivity to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. An analysis of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of bladder tumors examined in our institution revealed that the ADC value measured for this LELCB was relatively low compared to conventional urothelial carcinomas. This suggests that measuring the ADC value of a lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma prior to operation may be helpful in predicting LELCB.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129677
title: Supplementary Material for: High Plasma D-Dimer Indicates Unfavorable Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Receiving Intravenous Thrombolysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product and a possible marker of thromboembolic events. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between D-dimer levels and outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This retrospective study included AIS patients who received intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and provided plasma D-dimer level within 24 h after stroke onset during 2009 and 2014 at a single medical center. Unfavorable outcome was defined as modified Rankin scale ≥3 at 3 months after stroke. Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was defined as a deterioration of at least 4 points on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale within 36 h post thrombolysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 347 patients receiving intravenous rt-PA, 159 (mean age 67.6 ± 13.1 year, 59.7% male) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. In univariate analysis, patients with unfavorable outcome (n = 79) had significantly higher levels of D-dimer than those with favorable outcome (median ln D-dimer = 1.4 vs. 0.7 μg/ml, p &lt; 0.001). After adjustment for clinical variables, a higher level of D-dimer remained significantly associated with an unfavorable outcome (OR 1.90, 95% CI 1.27-2.86, p = 0.002) and the occurrence of symptomatic ICH (OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.15-7.70, p = 0.025). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The D-dimer level within 24 h after stroke onset can be an early outcome indicator in AIS patients receiving rt-PA therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129680.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Icosabutate, a Structurally Engineered Fatty Acid, Improves the Cardiovascular Risk Profile in Statin-Treated Patients with Residual Hypertriglyceridemia

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To evaluate the efficacy and safety of icosabutate, an oral, once-daily, first-in-class medication, in reducing non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in patients with persistent hypertriglyceridemia despite statin therapy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The study was designed to randomly assign 140 patients with fasting triglyceride levels ≥200 but &lt;500 mg/dl on a stable dose of statin therapy to receive either masked icosabutate 600 mg once daily or a control for 12 weeks. The primary end point was a percentage change in non-HDL-C from baseline to 12 weeks. <b><i>Results:</i></b> With icosabutate, non-HDL-C levels were reduced (-9.2%) when compared with the control (-0.4%) for a between-group difference of -7.4% (p = 0.02). Compared with the control, icosabutate reduced triglycerides (-27.0%, p &lt; 0.001), very- low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol (-31.5%, p &lt; 0.001) and apolipoprotein C-III (-22.5%, p &lt; 0.001). LDL-C levels did not change (0.5%, p = 0.87). HDL-C (10.2%, p &lt; 0.001) was increased. After 113 subjects had been randomized, the study was terminated due to a partial clinical hold imposed by US regulators after observing QT prolongation at supratherapeutic doses of icosabutate in a dog study. In this study, adverse events were balanced between treatment arms, and there were no discontinuations due to adverse events. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Icosabutate was efficacious in lowering non-HDL-C and other biomarkers of cardiovascular risk and was generally well tolerated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129689.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Trends of Stroke Incidence from 1995 to 2013 in Joinville, Brazil

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Temporal trends on the incidence of stroke and its subtypes could help assess on-going public health policies and point to further targets for action among middle- and low-income countries, where the stroke burden is very high. This study aimed at evaluating longitudinal trends of stroke incidence in Joinville, Brazil. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We ascertained the incidence of all first-ever strokes occurred in 1995, 2005-2006 and 2012-2013, which were extracted from Joinville Stroke Registry, a prospective epidemiological data bank, launched in 1995. <b><i>Results:</i></b> From 1995 to 2013, the age-adjusted incidence of all strokes decreased 37% (95% CI 32-42). From 2005 to 2013, the haemorrhagic stroke (HS) incidence decreased 60% (95% CI 13-86), ischemic stroke (IS) incidence decreased 15% (95% CI 1-28), and subarachnoid haemorrhage incidence remained stable. The proportion of IS and HS patients with regularly treated hypertension increased by 60% (p = 0.01) and 33% (p = 0.01), respectively. The proportion of IS and HS patients that quit smoking increased 8% (p = 0.03) and 17% (p = 0.03), respectively. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Stroke incidence has been decreasing in Joinville over the last 18 years, more so for HS than IS. Better control of hypertension and tobacco use might explain these findings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129665
title: Supplementary Material for: Antimicrobial Susceptibility among European Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Isolates Collected as Part of the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (2004-2014)

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> European centers (n = 226) involved in the Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (TEST, 2004-2014) submitted data and bacterial isolates. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Minimal inhibitory concentrations and susceptibility were determined using Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute methods and European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing breakpoints. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The rates of the following resistant pathogens increased from 2004 to 2014: extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive <i>Escherichia coli</i> (from 8.9 to 16.9%), multidrug-resistant <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> complex (from 15.4 to 48.5%), and ESBL-positive <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (from 17.2 to 23.7%). The rate of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was 27.5% in 2004 and 28.9% in 2014. Resistance to the carbapenems (imipenem and meropenem) was 37.4 and 14.5% for <i>A. baumannii</i> complex and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, respectively. Carbapenem resistance was ≤4.3% among the Enterobacteriaceae and 0.2% against <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae.</i> The resistance to tigecycline ranged between 7.4% against ESBL-producing <i>K. pneumoniae </i>and 0.0% against <i>S. aureus.</i><b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The carbapenems and tigecycline were active against Enterobacteriaceae. Agents with activity against <i>A. baumannii</i> complex and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> are limited. The carbapenems, tigecycline, linezolid, and vancomycin were active against Gram-positive organisms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129674
title: Supplementary Material for: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Cardiac Repolarization: Data from a Randomized Controlled Trial

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Altered cardiac repolarization is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death and seems to be increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) has been shown to improve breathing mechanics and lung function in patients with severe COPD and emphysema and possibly also improve altered cardiac repolarization. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty patients scheduled for LVRS were randomized to LVRS or to the control group. We investigated the treatment effect 3 months after LVRS on measures of cardiac repolarization and dispersion of repolarization (QTc interval, QT dispersion) derived from electrocardiography. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify possible confounders influencing the treatment effect. <b><i>Results:</i></b> LVRS<b> </b>was associated with an improvement in lung function (mean ± SD residual volume/total lung capacity of -9 ± 11% and forced expiratory volume in 1 s of +30 ± 29%). LVRS did not significantly reduce QTc (median -5.3 ms, 95% confidence interval, CI -15.5 to 3.7, p = 0.214) and QT dispersion (median -3.0 ms, 95% CI -13.0 to 7.0, p = 0.536) compared to the control group. No significant association between change in QTc and change in QT dispersion, respectively, and change in possible confounders was found. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> LVRS seems to have no effect on cardiac repolarization in patients with COPD. Thus, lung hyperinflation seems not to be a causal mechanism for altered cardiac repolarization in COPD patients.