cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b30c555
title: Data from: Sex-specific prey partitioning in breeding piscivorous birds examined via a novel, non-invasive approach

description: Piscivorous birds frequently display sex-specific differences in their
 hunting and feeding behaviour, which lead to diverging impacts on prey
 populations. Cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae), for example, were previously
 studied to examine dietary differences between the sexes and males were
 found to consume larger fish in coastal areas during autumn and winter.
 However, information on prey partitioning during breeding and generally on
 sex-specific foraging in inland waters is missing. Here, we assess
 sex-specific prey choice of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) during
 two subsequent breeding seasons in the Central European Alpine foreland,
 an area characterized by numerous stagnant and flowing waters in close
 proximity to each other. We developed a unique, non-invasive approach and
 applied it to regurgitated pellets: molecular cormorant sexing combined
 with molecular fish identification and fish-length regression analysis
 performed on prey hard parts. Altogether, 364 pellets delivered
 information on both, bird sex and consumed prey. The sexes differed
 significantly in their overall prey composition, even though Perca
 fluviatilis, Rutilus rutilus and Coregonus spp. represented the main food
 source for both. Albeit prey composition did not indicate the use of
 different water bodies by the sexes, male diet was characterized by higher
 prey diversity within a pellet and the consumption of larger fish. The
 current findings show that female and male cormorants to some extent
 target the available prey spectrum at different levels. Finally, the
 comprehensive and non-invasive approach has great potential for
 application in studies of other piscivorous bird species.
description: molecular sexing
 molecular fish ID hard part analysisdata based on cormorant
 pellets collected in the field; excel file constisting of 2 tables: Table
 1 has four parts providing per pellt: 1. molecular sexing of the pellets
 including peak heigth in capillary electrophoresis (RFU); females with 2
 peaks, males with one peak; 2. molecular fish identification from pellets
 (presence absence data); fish species as column headers; 3. morphological
 analysis (count data) of fish hard parts identifiable to species level and
 measurable i.e. suitable for fish-length regression analysis; 4.
 morphological analysis: all hard parts including non-measurable ones and
 not to species identifiable; Table 2 contains per pellet the mean fish
 length (mm) per fish speciesdata_thalinger.xlsxAlignment CHD1 cormorantSequence alignment with male (CHD1Z) and female (CHD1W) sequences of the chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 1 (CHD1) in 5’ – 3’ direction, including reference sequences from GenBank (two for CHD1Z and CHD1W each). sequences were obtained from DNA extracts of either muscle tissue of shot cormorants (K-samples) or regurgitate pellet samples collected between 29th March and 10th May 2012 at Chiemsee (S-samples).SI 3 Alignment Sexing_W&Z_Thalinger.fas
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8hf2p
title: Data from: A tradeoff between precopulatory and postcopulatory trait investment in male cetaceans

description: Mating with multiple partners is common across species, and understanding
 how individual males secure fertilization in the face of competition
 remains a fundamental goal of evolutionary biology. Game theory stipulates
 that males have a fixed budget for reproduction that can lead to a
 trade-off between investment in precopulatory traits like body size,
 armaments, and ornaments, and postcopulatory traits such as testis size
 and spermatogenic efficiency. Recent theoretical and empirical studies
 have shown that if males can monopolize access to multiple females, they
 will invest disproportionately in precopulatory traits and less in
 postcopulatory traits. Using phylogenetically controlled comparative
 methods, we demonstrate that across 58 cetaceans, species with the most
 prominent sexual dimorphism in size, shape, teeth, tusks, and singing
 invest significantly less in relative testes mass. In support of
 theoretical predictions, these species tend to show evidence of male
 contests, suggesting there is opportunity for winners to monopolize access
 to multiple females. Our approach provides a robust data set with which to
 make predictions about male mating strategies for the many cetacean
 species for which adequate behavioral observations do not exist.
description: Supplementary Table 1 of
 manuscriptMorphological data from
 58 cetacean speciessupp_table1.docxSupplementary Table 2 of manuscriptCharacterization of mating system across 58 species of cetaceans.supp_table2.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.15g78
title: Data from: Effects of Hd2 in the presence of the photoperiod-insensitive functional allele of Hd1 in rice

description: The role of photoperiod sensitivity (PS) of flowering genes have become
 well recognized in rice, whereas little attention has been drawn to the
 non-PS component of these genes, especially to their influence on
 gene-by-gene interactions. Rice populations in which the
 photoperiod-sensitive allele at Hd1 has become insensitive to photoperiod
 but continued to affect heading date (HD) were used in this study to
 fine-map a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for HD and analyze its genetic
 relationship to Hd1 The QTL was delimitated to a 96.3-kb region on the
 distal end of the long arm of chromosome 7. Sequence comparison revealed
 that this QTL is identical to Hd2 In the near-isogenic line (NIL)
 populations analyzed, Hd1 and Hd2 were shown to be photoperiod insensitive
 and have pleiotropic effects for HD, plant height and yield traits. The
 two genes were found to largely act additively in regulating HD and yield
 traits. The results indicate that non-PS components of flowering genes
 involved in photoperiod response play an important role in controlling
 flowering time and grain yield in rice, which should allow breeders to
 better manipulate pleiotropic genes for balancing adaptability and
 high-yielding accumulation.
description: NIL-F2 for QTL
 mappingNIL for interaction
 analysis
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8f5f3
title: Data from: Varyingly hungry caterpillars: predictive models and foliar chemistry suggest how to eat a rainforest

description: A long-term goal in evolutionary ecology is to explain the incredible
 diversity of insect herbivores and patterns of plant host use in speciose
 groups like tropical Lepidoptera. Here we used standardised food-web data,
 multigene phylogenies of both trophic levels and plant chemistry data to
 model interactions between Lepidoptera larvae (caterpillars) from two
 lineages (Geometridae and Pyraloidea) and plants in species-rich lowland
 rainforest in New Guinea. Model parameters were used to make and test
 blind predictions for two hectares of exhaustively sampled forest. For
 pyraloids we relied on phylogeny alone and predicted 54% of species level
 interactions, translating to 79% of all trophic links for individual
 insects, by sampling insects from only 15% of local woody plant diversity.
 The phylogenetic distribution of host plant associations in polyphagous
 geometrids was less conserved, reducing accuracy. In a truly quantitative
 food-web only 40% of pair-wise interactions were described correctly in
 geometrids. Polyphenol oxidative activity (but not protein precipitation
 capacity), was important for understanding the occurrence of geometrids
 (but not pyraloids) across their hosts. When both foliar chemistry and
 plant phylogeny were included, we predicted geometrid-plant occurrence
 with 89% concordance. Such models help to test macroevolutionary
 hypotheses at the community level.
description: Data and Code for Hungry
 CaterpillarsAn archive folder
 containing the 54 files needed to reproduce the results and figures
 reported in 'Varyingly Hungry Caterpillars: Predictive Models and
 Foliar Chemistry Suggest How to Eat a Rainforest'. The folder
 includes both raw data and files for analysis and one README file. Each
 file is described in the README file and is presented in the same order as
 in the R file containing the script necessary for the
 analyses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.296ds
title: Data from: Intraspecific variation in seed dispersal of a Neotropical tree and its relationship to fruit and tree traits

description: The distribution of wind-dispersed seeds around a parent tree depends on
 diaspore and tree traits, as well as wind conditions and surrounding
 vegetation. This study of a neotropical canopy tree, Platypodium elegans,
 explored the extent to which parental variation in diaspore and tree
 traits explained (1) rate of diaspore descent in still air, (2)
 distributions of diaspores dispersed from a 40-m tower in the forest, and
 (3) natural diaspore distributions around the parent tree. The geometric
 mean rate of descent in still air among 20 parents was highly correlated
 with geometric mean wing loading1/2 (r = 0.84). However, diaspore traits
 and rate of descent predicted less variation in dispersal distance from
 the tower, although descent rate−1 consistently correlated with dispersal
 distance. Measured seed shadows, particularly their distribution edges,
 differed significantly among six parents (DBH range 62–181 cm) and were
 best fit by six separate anisotropic dispersal kernels and surveyed
 fecundities. Measured rate of descent and tree traits, combined in a
 mechanistic seed dispersal model, did not significantly explain variation
 among parents in natural seed dispersal distances, perhaps due to the
 limited power to detect effects with only six trees. Seedling and sapling
 distributions were at a greater mean distance from the parents than seed
 distributions; saplings were heavily concentrated at far distances.
 Variation among parents in the distribution tails so critical for
 recruitment could not be explained by measured diaspore or tree traits
 with this sample size, and may be determined more by wind patterns and the
 timing of abscission in relation to wind conditions. Studies of wind
 dispersal need to devote greater field efforts at recording the “rare”
 dispersal events that contribute to far dispersal distances, following
 their consequences, and in understanding the mechanisms that generate
 them.
description: Analysis file
 details_metaOverview of all data
 files and R scripts used in analyses. Provides a description of each data
 file and the fields associated with it.Data
 filesIncludes 7 data files:
 1) Crown radii, 2) Individual fruits, 3) Measured dispersal distances, 4)
 Mechanistic model results, 5) Parent tree information, 6) Seed seedling
 sapling distributions, 7) Seed shadowsR
 scriptsIncludes three R
 scripts: 1) Make figures, 2) Variation in rate of descent and dispersal,
 3) Mechanistic models
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6q04p
title: Data from: Sex differences in senescence: the role of intra-sexual competition in early adulthood

description: Males and females frequently differ in their rates of ageing, but the
 origins of these differences are poorly understood. Sex differences in
 senescence have been hypothesized to arise, because investment in
 intra-sexual reproductive competition entails costs to somatic
 maintenance, leaving the sex that experiences stronger reproductive
 competition showing higher rates of senescence. However, evidence that sex
 differences in senescence are attributable to downstream effects of the
 intensity of intra-sexual reproductive competition experienced during the
 lifetime remains elusive. Here, we show using a 35 year study of wild
 European badgers (Meles meles), that (i) males show higher body mass
 senescence rates than females and (ii) this sex difference is largely
 attributable to sex-specific downstream effects of the intensity of
 intra-sexual competition experienced during early adulthood. Our findings
 provide rare support for the view that somatic maintenance costs arising
 from intra-sexual competition can cause both individual variation and sex
 differences in senescence.
description: data1: Body mass
 dataWhere; ID = Individual
 identity; CD = Date captured; MONTH = Month captured; YEAR = Year
 captured; YFC = Year in which an individual was first caught; WEIGHT =
 Weight (kg) at the focal capture event; AY = Age in decimal years; SEX =
 Sex; SOCG = Social group in which individual was captured at the focal
 capture event; LENGTH = individuals length (cm) at the focal capture
 event; NB.SOCG = Number of unique badgers caught within that social group
 within the current calendar year; DENSITY = Local density of unique
 badgers captured within the current calendar year; MALE.DENSITY = Local
 density of adult male badgers captured in the current calendar year;
 ELDE.ALL = Local density of unique badgers captured within the individuals
 first year of life; ELDE.CUBS = Local density of unique badger cubs
 captured within the individuals first year of life; DENS.ALL12 = Local
 density of unique badgers captured within the individuals first two years
 of adulthood; DENS.MALE12 = Local density of unique adult male badgers
 captured within the individuals first two years of adulthood;
 DENS.FEMALE12 = Local density of unique adult female badgers captured
 within the individuals first two years of adulthood; DENS.OR12 = Local sex
 ratio within the individuals first two years of adulthood; ALC = Age at
 which an individual was last captured; TERMINAL = binary variable denoting
 if individuals are in their last year of capture; MDISEASE = bTB status (1
 = negative, 2 = exposed)data1.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.648k2
title: Data from: Ecological segregation in a small mammal hybrid zone: habitat-specific mating opportunities and selection against hybrids restrict gene flow on a fine spatial scale

description: The degree to which closely related species interbreed is determined by a
 complex interaction of ecological, behavioral, and genetic factors. We
 examine the degree of interbreeding between two woodrat species, Neotoma
 bryanti and N. lepida, at a sharp ecological transition. We identify the
 ecological association of each genotypic class, assess the opportunity for
 mating between these groups, and test whether they have similar patterns
 of year-to-year persistence on our study site. We find that 13% of
 individuals have a hybrid signature but that the two parental populations
 and backcrosses are highly segregated by habitat type and use. Also, we
 find that adult hybrids are comparable to parental types in terms of
 year-to-year persistence on our site but that, among juveniles,
 significantly fewer hybrids reach adulthood on site compared to their
 purebred counterparts. Our analyses show that this hybrid zone is
 maintained by occasional nonassortative mating coupled with hybrid
 fertility, but that these factors are balanced by lower apparent survival
 of juvenile hybrids and habitat-based preference or selection that limits
 heterospecific mating while promoting backcrossing to habitat-specific
 genotypes. This system presents a novel example of the role that sharp
 resource gradients play in reproductive isolation and the potential for
 genetic introgression.
description: All data from N.
 bryanti/lepida hybrid zoneEach tab of the data
 file includes a distinct data set including model and simulation results
 and data from analyses of isotopes, survivorship, dispersal, and
 vegetation. See ReadMe file.Shurtliff et al
 Datasets_10-09-13.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r20tr
title: Data from: Subdigital adhesive pad morphology varies in relation to structural habitat use in the Namib Day Gecko, Rhoptropus afer

description: 1. Morphological features that lead to increased locomotor performance,
 such as faster sprint speed, are thought to evolve in concert with habitat
 use. The latter depends on available habitat structure, and how the animal
 moves within that habitat. Thus, this behavioral variation will impact how
 natural selection acts on locomotion and morphology. 2. Quantifying the
 interplay between escape behavior and locomotor morphology across habitats
 that vary in structural composition could reveal how selection acts on
 locomotion at local levels. Substrate features, such as incline and
 topographical variation, are likely key drivers of morphological and
 functional disparity among terrestrial animals. We investigated the impact
 of habitat variation and escape behavior on morphology, including the
 adhesive system, of Rhoptropus afer, a diurnal and cursorial gecko from
 Namibia. Substrate incline and topographical variation are likely
 important for this pad-bearing gecko due to the trade-off between adhering
 and sprinting (i.e. using adhesion results in decreased sprint speed) that
 is triggered by certain inclines. 3. We corroborate the hypothesis that
 the adhesive system exhibits the greatest degree of reduction in
 populations that utilize the flattest terrain during an escape. Our
 findings suggest that the adhesive apparatus is detrimental to rapid for
 locomotion on relatively horizontal surfaces, and may thus be
 counterproductive to the evasion of predators in such situations. A broad
 scale analysis of geckos would determine whether diversity of adhesive
 morphology is driven primarily by habitat use. 4. Phenotypic plasticity of
 the adhesive system and interspecific competition are plausible candidates
 for driving our results. However, it is unclear whether the differences we
 observed have a genetic basis. Future work should focus on how variation
 of the adhesive system impacts downstream locomotor components such as
 kinematics and mechanics, and how the integration of these traits is
 related to habitat use.
description: Rhoptropus_afer_morphology_data_Raw morphological dataRhoptropus_afer_Structural_composition_of_avail_habitat_Here are the raw measurements taken in the field to quantify the structural composition of each locality.Rhoptropus_afer_Structural_habitat_used_during_escape_Here are the habitat structures used while escape during simulated predation attempts.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m966q
title: Data from: New species of Isotomiella Bagnall, 1939 from Southeast of Brazil (Collembola, Isotomidae)

description: Two new species of the genus Isotomiella Bagnall, 1939 are described and
 illustrated, the first: Isotomiella macedoi sp. n., based on males and
 females, from the “Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos” (Teresópolis
 municipality, State of Rio de Janeiro) differs from the other by
 tibiotarsus III thickened and blunt and two antero-lateral chaetae of
 labrum strongly thickened. The second species Isotomiella uai sp. n. from
 “Serra da Gandarela”, (Caeté municipality, State of Minas Gerais) differs
 from the other by presence of short sensilla on antennal IV and tergites,
 two anterolabral chaetae thickened and falcate mucro.
description: Type
 localitiesMap of the type
 localities of the two new species of IsotomiellaIsotomiella.jpg
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v8969
title: Data from: Prenatal acoustic communication programs offspring for high post-hatching temperatures in a songbird

description: In many species, embryos can perceive and learn external sounds. Yet, the
 possibility that parents may use these embryonic capacities to alter their
 offspring’s developmental trajectories has not been considered. Here, we
 demonstrate that zebra finch parents acoustically signal high ambient
 temperatures (above 26°C) to their embryos. We show that exposure of
 embryos to these acoustic cues alone adaptively alters subsequent nestling
 begging and growth in response to nest temperature and influences
 individuals’ reproductive success and thermal preferences as adults. These
 findings have implications for our understanding of maternal effects,
 phenotypic plasticity, developmental programming, and the adaptation of
 endothermic species to a warming world.
description: all Datasets for
 Mariette Buchanan 2016 (1 per page)page1: occurrence and
 duration of incubation calls in relation to ambient temperature and time
 to expected hatch date. page2: nestling mass from day 1 to 13 in relation
 to playback and nest temperature. page 3: survival to day 13 in relation
 toplayback and temperature. page 4: nestling begging in relation to
 playback and nest temperature. page 5: breeding output female year 1. page
 6: breeding output female year 2. page 7: breeding output male year 1.
 page 8: breeding output male year 2. page 9: nest site selection year 1.
 page 10: nest site selection year 2.allDatasetsMarietteBuchanan2016.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.867g4c8
title: Data from: Living on the edge: exploring the role of coastal refugia in the Alexander Archipelago of Alaska

description: Although islands are of long-standing interest to biologists, only a
 handful of studies have investigated the role of climatic history in
 shaping evolutionary diversification in high latitude archipelagos. In
 this study of the Alexander Archipelago (AA) of Southeast Alaska, we
 address the impact of glacial cycles on geographic genetic structure for
 three mammals co-distributed along the North Pacific Coast. We examined
 variation in mitochondrial and nuclear loci for long-tailed voles
 (Microtus longicaudus), northwestern deermice (Peromyscus keeni), and
 dusky shrews (Sorex monticola), and then tested hypotheses derived from
 Species Distribution Models, reconstructions of paleo-shorelines, and
 island area and isolation. In all three species, we identified
 paleoendemic clades that likely originated in coastal refugia, a finding
 consistent with other paleoendemic lineages identified in the region such
 as ermine. Although there is spatial concordance at the regional level for
 endemism, finer scale spatial and temporal patterns are less clearly
 defined. Demographic expansion across the region for these distinctive
 clades is also evident and highlights the dynamic history of Late
 Quaternary contraction and expansion that characterizes high latitude
 species.
description: Appx I &
 IXAppendix I - Specimens
 examined. Museum number acronyms are MSB= Museum of Southwestern Biology,
 UAM=University of Alaska Museum of the North, Fairbanks, HG= Gwaii Haanas
 National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site, and UWBM=University of
 Washington Burke Museum. GenBank numbers correspond to cyt b, and each
 phased allele for M. longicaudus (ETS2, FGB and Rag1), Peromyscus (FGB,
 IRBP and Zp3) and S. monticola (ADH2, ApoB and FGB) respectively, –= not
 applicable. GenBank in bold were obtained from other studies. Appendix IX
 - Between group net genetic divergences of cyt b among refugial and
 non-refugial Southeast Alaskan populations lineages of M. longicaudus, P.
 keeni and S. monticola. The number of base differences per site from
 estimation of net average between groups of sequences is shown. Standard
 error estimate(s) are shown above the diagonal. All ambiguous positions
 were removed for each sequence pair. Evolutionary analyses were conducted
 in MEGA5.SupplementalTables_DYRAD.xlsx