DOI: 10.5061/dryad.05qfttfb0
title: Data from: Skeletal mineralogy of marine organisms shaped by seawater temperature and evolutionary history - a case study of cheilostome bryozoans

description: The record of CaCO3 biominerals serves as a valuable repository
 documenting Earth's evolutionary history and environmental changes.
 An in-depth understanding of the mineralogical diversity within calcifying
 organisms is essential for interpreting the evolutionary record of CaCO3
 and evaluating the adaptability of biomineralizers to past and future
 environmental change. To offer insights into the relative importance of
 environment vs. phylogenetic history in determining mineralogy, this study
 explores the modern-day global distribution of mineralogies in cheilostome
 bryozoans. Cheilostome bryozoans vary considerably in their mineral
 composition: in our dataset 65% of the species possess purely calcite
 skeletons, 15% exclusively employ aragonite, and 20% exhibit mixed (i.e.,
 calcite and aragonite) mineralogies. Temperature is the predominant
 measured environmental factor influencing bryozoan skeletal mineralogy,
 accounting for 20% of its variability across species, when phylogenetic
 relatedness is unaccounted for. Bryozoans in lower latitudes,
 characterized by higher seawater temperatures, have higher aragonite
 concentrations. By accounting for phylogenetic structure using a subset of
 87 species for which we have topological information, 40% of the observed
 mineralogical variability could be attributed to present-day temperature.
 In contrast, depth and salinity played minor roles, explaining less than
 1% of the mineralogical variation each. This study emphasizes the
 influence of evolutionary history on the mineralogical variability of
 calcifying organisms, even when it can be shown that a single
 environmental factor (temperature) explains a substantial amount of this
 variability. When confronted with changing temperature, calcifiers such as
 bryozoans are likely to respond in diverse ways, depending on the species,
 given their phylogenetic relatedness and the external conditions they
 meet.
description: We employed X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the skeletal
 mineral composition of 872 individual colonies, representing 437 bryozoan
 species, in terms of calcite/aragonite ratios. We integrated this data
 with equivalent published data, thus reaching 981 species, and applied
 linear models (LMs), generalized linear models (GLMs), and phylogenetic
 generalized least squares models (PGLSs), to investigate the influences of
 temperature, salinity, depth, and phylogenetic history on the mineralogy
 of nearly 1,000 cheilostome bryozoan species.
description: # Data from: Skeletal mineralogy of marine organisms shaped by seawater
 temperature and evolutionary history - a case study of cheilostome
 bryozoans
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.05qfttfb0](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.05qfttfb0) ## Description of the data and file structure The Bryozoan Mineralogy Database (BryoMinBase). The records for 5,328 bryozoan colonies, are classified as follows: 4,938 colonies of Cheilostomatida, 299 colonies of Cyclostomatida, 3 colonies of Ctenostomatida, and 88 unidentified colonies. Of these, 144 cases were excluded from the analyses and indicated in the "Notes" column. For Cheilostomatida, 4,595 colonies representing 981 species have associated environmental data, including temperature, salinity, and depth. Species names in the "species_IDs_only_location_Ids" column are derived from a combination of colonies identified at the species level (species_IDs_only) and those identified only to the genus level. It is assumed that colonies from different locations are distinct species based on latitude and longitude (location_IDs). The table provides data on the composition of aragonite and calcite in weight percentages, sampling depth in meters, temperature in degrees Celsius (°C), and salinity in practical salinity units (psu). The "Mineralogy" column indicates the mineral type of the skeletons, with 'C' representing calcite, 'A' indicating aragonite, and 'B' denoting bimineralic composition. Clade membership was assigned with reference to Orr et al. (2022). The "Source" column categorizes the data into two groups: those obtained from literature sources (LITERATURE) and those generated in this study (NEW). 'NA' indicates cases where data is not available.