DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3929090
title: Soil profile, climatic, physiographic, overstory and understory data in mixed and monospecific plots of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus pinaster in Spain

description: This dataset provides valuable environmental information about a triplets’ essay of Scots pine and Maritime pine in Spain. The data characterizes the soil profile (physicochemical parameters of organic and mineral horizons), climate, physiography, understory and overstory. The essay, located in North-Central Spain, consists of eighteen forest plots divided in six triplets. Each triplet includes three circular plots of 15 m-radius located less than 1 km from each other: two monospecific plots dominated by <em>P. sylvestris</em> or <em>P. pinaster</em>, and one mixed plot of both species. In each plot, one pit up to 50 cm depth, one 15 m-radius overstory features inventory and ten understory 1x1 m inventories were carried out. Additionally, physiographic and climatic variables were collected per plot. The file contains information about the 218 environmental variables studied in the eighteen forest plots. Triplet: Triplet to which the plot belongs(1: Triplet 1; 2: Triplet 2; 3: Triplet 3; 4: Triplet 4; 5: Triplet 5; 6: Triplet 6). Stand_type: Type of stand (PS: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.; PP: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait.; MM: mixed stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.and <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait.). Plot: Plot identification (PS01: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. of triplet 1; PS02: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. of triplet 2; PS03: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. of triplet 3; PS04: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. of triplet 4; PS05: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. of triplet 5; PS06: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. of triplet 6; MM01: mixed stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.and <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 1; MM02: mixed stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris </em>L.and <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 2; MM03: mixed stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.and <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 3; MM04: mixed stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L.and <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 4; MM05: mixed stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris </em>L.and <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 5; MM06: mixed stand of <em>Pinus sylvestris </em>L.and <em>Pinus pinaster Ait</em>. of triplet 6; PP01: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 1; PP02: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 2; PP03: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus pinaster </em>Ait. of triplet 3; PP04: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 4; PP05: monospecific stand of <em>Pinus pinaster</em> Ait. of triplet 5; PP06: monospecific stand of<em> Pinus pinaster </em>Ait. of triplet 6). Lat: Plot latitude in degrees. Long: Plot longitude in degrees. Province: Province to which the plot belongs (B: Province of Burgos; Sp: Province of Soria). Municipality: Municipality to which the plot belongs (M: Town of Mamolar; HP: Town of Hontoria del Pinar; N: Town of Navaleno; St: Town of Soria; CP: Town of Cabrejas del Pinar). Forest: Name of the forest where is located the plot (MB: Mata Blanca; MR: Mata Robledo; FP: Fuente del Pardo; PM: Pajar de la molinera; MP: Mojon Pardo; CM: Cueva de Matarubias). Alti: Plot elevation above sea level in m a.s.l. Slope: Slope (gradient) of the plot in percentage. Ori: Plot orientation in degrees. Clim: Climate classification according to Köppen classification (1936) (Cfb: Temperate without a dry season and temperate summer climate; Csb: Temperate with dry summer climate). XR: Accumulated rainfall in one year according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. JR: January rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ mm FR: February rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. MR: March rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. AR: April rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. MyR: May rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. JnR: June rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. JlR: July rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. AgR: August rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. SR: September rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. OR: October rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. NR: November rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. DR: December rainfall according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in mm. XT: Anual mean temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. JT: January temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. FT: February temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. MT: March temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. AT: April temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. MyT: May temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. JnT: June temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. JlT: July temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. AgT: August temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. ST: September temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. OT: October temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. NT: November temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. DT: December temperature according to ‘Atlas Agroclimático de Castilla y León-ITACYL-AEMET’ in ºC. Par_mat: Soil parental material according to Spanish Geological Map on a 1M scale. (IGME , 2015) (SM: Sandstones and Marls). Geo_age: Geological age of plot according to Spanish Geological Map on a 1M scale. (IGME, 2015) (Mz: Mesozoic age). Soil: Soil type according to Soil-Survey-Staff (2014) (TpDx: Typic Dystroxerept; TpHx:: Typic Humixerept; AqHx:: Aquic humixerept) Litter_B: Total Leaf Litter Biomass in Mg/ha. FF_Th: Forest floor Thickness in cm. Fs: Percentage of Fresh to Total Leaf Litter in %. Fr: Percentage of Fragmented to Total Leaf Litter in %. Hm: Percentage of Humified to Total Leaf Litter in %. GH1: Fist genetic soil horizon according to Soil Survey-Staff (2014) (Ah: Mineral horizon with accumulation of organic matter. This horizon is formed at the soil surface or below an O horizon). GH2: Second genetic soil horizon according to Soil Survey-Staff (2014) (AB: Transition horizon between A and B. A is a mineral horizon formed at the surface or below an O horizon, B is a subsurface horizon in which the structure of the rock is obliterated; AC: Transition horizon between A and C. A is a mineral horizon formed at the surface or below an O horizon; C is a mineral horizon, excluding hard bedrock, that is little affected by pedogenetic processes; Bw: Mineral B horizon where the development of color or structure are its more important diagnostic characteristics). GH3: Third genetic soil horizon according to Soil Survey-Staff (2014) (Bw: Mineral B horizon where the development of color or structure are its more important diagnostic characteristics; C: Mineral horizon, excluding hard bedrock, that is little affected by pedogenetic processes; Cg: Mineral horizon in which a distinct pattern of mottling occurs that reflects alternating conditions of oxidation and reduction of sesquioxides, caused by seasonal surface waterlogging). Th_H1: Thickness of the first soil horizon in cm. Th_H2: Thickness of the second soil horizon in cm. Th_H3: Thickness of the third soil horizon in cm. moistCol_H1: Wet matrix color (Hue Value/Chroma) of the first soil horizon according to Munsell soil color chards (10YR2/1: black; 10YR2/2: very dark brown; 10YR3/1: very dark grey; 10YR3/2: very dark greyish brown; 10YR4/1: dark grey; 10YR6/3: pale brown). moistCol_H2: Wet matrix colour (Hue Value/Chroma) of the second soil horizon according to Munsell soil color chards (5YR5/8: yellowish red; 7.5YR4/6: strong brown; 10YR3/2: very dark greyish brown; 10YR4/1: dark grey; 10YR4/2: dark greyish brown; 10YR4/4: dark yellowish brown with chroma 4; 10YR4/6: dark yellowish brown with chroma 6; 10YR5/3: brown; 10YR5/4: yellowish brown with chroma 4; 10YR5/6: yellowish brown with chroma 6; 10YR5/8: yellowish brown with chroma 8; 10YR6/4: light yellowish brown; 10YR6/6: brownish yellow). moistCol_H3: Wet matrix colour (Hue Value/Chroma) of the third soil horizon according to Munsell soil color chards (5YR4/6: yellowish red; 10YR4/4: dark yellowish brown with chroma 4; 10YR4/6: dark yellowish brown with chroma 6; 10YR5/8: yellowish brown; 10YR6/1: grey). dryCol_H1:Dry matrix color (Hue Value/Chroma) of the first soil horizon according to Munsell soil color chards (10YR4/1: dark grey; 10YR4/2: dark greyish brown; 10YR5/1: grey with value 5; 10YR5/2: greyish brown; 10YR5/3: brown; 10YR6/1: grey with value 6; 10YR6/2: light yellowish brown; 10YR7/2: light grey). dryCol_H2: Dry matrix color (Hue Value/Chroma) of the second soil horizon according to Munsell soil color chards (7.5YR6/6: redish brown; 10YR4/1: dark grey; 10YR6/1: grey with value 6; 10YR6/2: light yellowish brown with chroma 2; 10YR6/3: pale brown; 10YR6/4: light yellowish brown with chroma 4; 10YR6/6: brownish yellow; 10YR7/3: very pale brown with value 7 and choma 3; 10YR7/4: very pale brown withvalue 7 and choma 4; 10YR8/4: very pale brown with value 8 and choma 4). dryCol_H3: Dry matrix color (Hue Value/Chroma) of the third soil horizon according to Munsell soil color chards (5YR5/6: yellowish red; 7.5YR5/6: strong brown; 10YR6/4: light yellowish brown; 10YR6/6: brownish yellow; 10YR7/4: very pale brown; 10YR8/1: white). Sand_H1: Percentage of sand of the first soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Sand_H2: Percentage of sand of the second soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Sand_H3: Percentage of sand of the third soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Silt_H1: Percentage of silt of the first soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Silt_H2: Percentage of silt of the second soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Silt_H3: Percentage of silt of the third soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Clay_H1: Percentage of clay of the first soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Clay_H2: Percentage of clay of the second soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Clay_H3: Percentage of clay of the third soil horizon determined by the pipette method (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) in % weight/weight. Tex_H1: Textural class of the first soil horizon according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) (SL: Sandy Loam; L: Loam). Tex_H2: Textural class of the second soil horizon according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) (SL: Sandy Loam; L: Loam). Tex_H3: Textural class of the third soil horizon according to Soil Survey Staff (2014) (SL: Sandy Loam; L: Loam; CL: Clay loam; C: Clay). Stones_H1: Coarse soil material (&gt; 2 mm) of the first soil horizon in % weight/weight. Stones_H2: Coarse soil material (&gt; 2 mm) of the second soil horizon in % weight/weight. Stones_H3: Coarse soil material (&gt; 2 mm) of the third soil horizon in % weight/weight. bD_H1: Bulk density of the first soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in g/cm<sup>3</sup>. bD_H2: Bulk density of the second soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in g/cm<sup>3</sup>. bD_H3: Bulk density of the third soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in g/cm<sup>3</sup>. pD_H1: Particle density of the first soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in g/cm<sup>3</sup>. pD_H2: Particle density of the second soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in g/cm<sup>3</sup>. pD_H3: Particle density of the third soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Poro_H1: Porosity of the first soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in % vol/vol. Poro_H2: Porosity of the second soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in % vol/vol. Poro_H3: Porosity of the third soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in % vol/vol. pH_H1: pH (1:2.5 H2O) of the first soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) pH_H2: pH (1:2.5 H2O) of the second soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) pH_H3: pH (1:2.5 H2O) of the third soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) EC_H1: Electrical conductivity of the first soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in dS/m. EC_H2: Electrical conductivity of the second soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in dS/m. EC_H3: Electrical conductivity of the third soil horizon according to (Van-Reeuwijk 2002) in dS/m. avP_H1: Available phosphorus of the first soil horizon according to Olsen and Sommers (1982) in mg/kg. avP_H2: Available phosphorus of the second soil horizon according to Olsen and Sommers (1982) in mg/kg. avP_H3: Available phosphorus of the third soil horizon according to Olsen and Sommers (1982) in mg/kg. avPstock_H1: Available phosphorus stock of the first soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. avPstock_H2: Available phosphorus stock of the second soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. avPstock_H3: Available phosphorus stock of the third soil horizon up to 50 cm depth according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. avPstock_50: Available phosphorus stock of whole soil profile up to 50 cm depth according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TN_Fs: Total nitrogen of the fresh forest floor analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg TN_Fg: Total nitrogen of the fragmented forest floor analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg TN_Hm: Total nitrogen of the humified forest floor analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg TN_H1: Total nitrogen of the first soil horizon analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg. TN_H2: Total nitrogen of the second soil horizon analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg. TN_H3: Total nitrogen of the third soil horizon analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg. TNstock_H1: Total nitrogen stock of the first soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TNstock_H2: Total nitrogen stock of the second soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TNstock_H3: Total nitrogen stock of the third soil horizon up to 50 cm depth according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TNstock_50: Total nitrogen stock of whole soil profile up to 50 cm depth according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TOC_Fs: Total organic carbon of the fresh forest floor analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg TOC_Fg: Total organic carbon of the fragmented forest floor analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg TOC_Hm: Total organic carbon of the humified forest floor analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg TOC_H1: Total organic carbon of the first soil horizon analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg. TOC_H2: Total organic carbon of the second soil horizon analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg. TOC_H3: Total organic carbon of the third soil horizon analyzed with a LECO-CHN 2000 elemental analyzer in g/kg. TOCstock_H1:Total organic carbon stock of the first soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TOCstock_H2: Total organic carbon stock of the second soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TOCstock_H3: Total organic carbon stock of the third soil horizon up to 50 cm depth according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. TOCstock_50: Total organic carbon stock of whole soil profile up to 50 cm depth according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. C/N_Fs: Ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen of the fresh forest floor C/N_Fg: Ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen of the fragmented forest floor C/N_Hm: Ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen of the humified forest floor C/N_H1: Ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen of the first soil horizon C/N_H2: Ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen of the second soil horizon C/N_H3: Ratio of total organic carbon to total nitrogen of the third soil horizon OxC_H1: Easily oxidizable carbon of the first soil horizon according to Walkley (1947) in mg/kg. OxC_H2: Easily oxidizable carbon of the second soil horizon according to Walkley (1947) in mg/kg. OxC_H3: Easily oxidizable carbon of the third soil horizon according to Walkley (1947) in mg/kg. OxCstock_H1: Easily oxidizable carbon stock of the first soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. OxCstock_H2: Easily oxidizable carbon stock of the second soil horizon according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. OxCstock_H3: Easily oxidizable carbon stock of the third soil horizon up to 50 cm depth according to López-Marcos et al. (2019) in Mg/ha. OxCstock_50: Easily oxidizable carbon
description: When using this data, please cite the original publications that generated the dataset: López-Marcos D, Martínez-Ruiz C, Turrión MB, et al (2018) Soil carbon stocks and exchangeable cations in monospecific and mixed pine forests. Eur J For Res 137:831–847. doi: 10.1007/s10342-018-1143-y López-Marcos D, Turrión MB, Bravo F, Martínez-Ruiz C (2019) Understory response to overstory and soil gradients in mixed vs . monospecific Mediterranean pine forests. Eur J For Res 138(6):939-955 doi: 10.1007/s10342-019-01215-0 López-Marcos D, Turrión MB, Bravo F, Martínez-Ruiz C (2020a) Can mixed pine forests conserve understory richness by improving the establishment of understory species typical of native oak forests ? Ann For Sci 77:15. doi: 10.1007/s13595-020-0919-7 López-Marcos D, Martínez-Ruiz C, Turrión MB, Bravo F (2020b) Characterization of mixed and monospecific stands of Scots pine and Maritime pine. Soil profile, physiography, climate, overstory and understory data. Ann For Sci (Under revisión)
description: {"references": ["Bravo-Oviedo A, del R\u00edo M, Montero G (2007) Geographic variation and parameter assessment in generalized algebraic difference site index modelling. For Ecol Manage 247:107\u2013119. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.04.034", "L\u00f3pez-Marcos D, Mart\u00ednez-Ruiz C, Turri\u00f3n MB, et al (2018) Soil carbon stocks and exchangeable cations in monospecific and mixed pine forests. Eur J For Res 137:831\u2013847. doi: 10.1007/s10342-018-1143-y", "L\u00f3pez-Marcos D, Turri\u00f3n MB, Bravo F, Mart\u00ednez-Ruiz C (2019) Understory response to overstory and soil gradients in mixed vs . monospecific Mediterranean pine forests. Eur J For Res 138(6):939-955 doi: 10.1007/s10342-019-01215-0", "L\u00f3pez-Marcos D, Turri\u00f3n MB, Bravo F, Mart\u00ednez-Ruiz C (2020a) Can mixed pine forests conserve understory richness by improving the establishment of understory species typical of native oak forests\u202f? Ann For Sci 77:15. doi: 10.1007/s13595-020-0919-7", "Mehlich A (1953) Rapid determination of cation and anion exchange properties and pH of soils. J Assoc Off Agric Chem 36:445\u2013457", "Nafr\u00eda-Garc\u00eda DA, Garrido-del-Pozo N, \u00c1lvarez-Arias MV, et al (2013) Atlas agroclim\u00e1tico de Castilla y Le\u00f3n, 1st edn. Instituto Tecnol\u00f3gico Agrario, Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n- Agencia Estatal de Meteorolog\u00eda.", "Olsen SR, Sommers LE (1982) Phosphorus. In: Page AL, Miller RH, Keeney DR (eds) Methods of Soil Analysis. American Society of Agronomy, Madison, WI (USA), pp 403\u2013427", "Rivas-mart\u00ednez S (2011) Mapa de series, geoseries y geopermaseries de vegetaci\u00f3n de Espa\u00f1a - Parte II. Itinera Geobot 18:5\u2013424", "Rojo A, Montero G (1996) El pino silvestre en la Sierra de Guardarrama. Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentaci\u00f3n, Madrid (Spain)", "Schollenberger CJ, Simon RH (1945) Determination of exchange capacity and exchangeable bases in soil - ammonium acetate method. Soil Sci 9:13\u201324", "Soil-Survey-Staff (2014) Keys to Soil Taxonomy, 12 th. USDA-Natural Resources Conservation Service, Washington, DC (USA)", "Walkley A (1947) A critical examination of rapid method for determining organic carbon in soils. Soil Sci 63:251\u2013254. doi: 10.1097/00010694-194704000-00001", "Van Reeuwijk L (2002) Procedures for Soil Analysis, 6th Editio. ISRIC, FAO, FAO", "Andivia E, Rolo V, Jonard M, et al (2016) Tree species identity mediates mechanisms of top soil carbon sequestration in a Norway spruce and European beech mixed forest. An For Sci 73: 437\u2013447 doi: 10.1007/s13595-015-0536-z", "Cattaneo N, Schneider R, Bravo F, Bravo-oviedo A (2020) Inter-speci fi c competition of tree congeners induces changes in crown architecture in Mediterranean pine mixtures. For Ecol Manage 476:118471. doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118471"]}