cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18739/a28k74x4v
title: In situ ice deformation from borehole inclinometry measurements in Western Greenland, 2015-16

description: In situ measurements of ice deformation advance understanding of ice dynamics on the Greenland ice sheet by revealing rheological characteristics of the ice column, providing critical targets for numerical ice sheet flow modeling, and quantifying rates of basal motion by partitioning deformational flow from measured surface velocity. Here, we present measurements of ice tilt in two orthogonal directions and azimuth through a vertical column extending from the ice surface to the bed at a site in western Greenland.
DOI: 10.18739/a24t6f41m
title: In situ ice deformation from borehole inclinometry measurements in Western Greenland, 2015-16

description: In situ measurements of ice deformation advance understanding of ice dynamics on the Greenland ice sheet by revealing rheological characteristics of the ice column, providing critical targets for numerical ice sheet flow modeling, and quantifying rates of basal motion by partitioning deformational flow from measured surface velocity. Here, we present measurements of ice tilt in two orthogonal directions and azimuth through a vertical column extending from the ice surface to the bed at a site in western Greenland.
DOI: 10.18739/a2154dp90
title: Global Positioning System (GPS) positions and in situ ice deformation from borehole inclinometry measurements in Western Greenland, winter 2015-16

description: Combined measurements of Global Positioning System (GPS) surface positions and in situ measurements of ice deformation advance understanding of ice dynamics on the Greenland ice sheet by allowing the for the partitioning of surface motion into its basal and deformation components. We analyzed winter motion by partitioning the surface into sliding and deformation. Here, we present GPS positions from a five station GPS array and of ice tilt in two orthogonal directions and azimuth through a vertical column extending from the ice surface to the bed at eight boreholes drilled at location western Greenland and collected over the 2015-16 winter. We find that sliding dominates ice motion, comprising 96% of the total surface motion during the winter. Interestingly, we find time variations in the tilt rates of the near basal inclinometers, which are attributable to the effects of basal roughness on the local stress field as the ice slides across the basal boundary.
DOI: 10.18739/a2wd3q25h
title: COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Response of the Northwest Greenland Cryosphere to Holocene Climate Change

description: The aim of this collaborative project between investigators at three universities is to develop records of past climate in northwest (NW) Greenland and synthesize them with records of the position of ice margin to evaluate the response of the Greenland Ice Sheet to past warm periods, such as the Holocene Climatic Optimum (approximately 5 to 9 thousand years ago). Recent studies suggest that rapid ice loss is expanding northwards into NW Greenland, as demonstrated by the dramatic August, 2010 calving event from Petermann Glacier. However, little paleoclimate and ice sheet research has been conducted in NW Greenland, despite the proximity to a logistics center at Thule Air Base. The proposed research integrates multiple climate proxies and glaciological modeling experiments in the Thule region with the following research objectives:

1) Reconstruct Holocene climate in NW Greenland via inferences from reconstructed local ice cap extents (North Ice Cap, Tuto Ice Cap), ice core stable isotope and precipitation records, and data from nearby lake sediments. 

2) Examine the sensitivity of the NW Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) to Holocene climate changes by developing the history of the areal extent of the GIS and synthesizing proxy data with glaciological modeling experiments to examine past GIS changes and predict future GIS retreat.

Results from the proposed research will enable a more accurate prediction of the NW Greenland cryospheric response to a future warmer world and provide information directly relevant to predictions of future sea-level rise. The investigators propose to enhance public outreach and K-12 science education through development of educational modules using simplified, web-based, climate and glaciological models. They would involve graduate and undergraduate students in field and lab research, participate in the Dartmouth Women In Science Project, and partner with the Dartmouth polar IGERT program.
DOI: 10.18739/a2mw28f70
title: The Beaufort Gyre System: Flywheel of the Arctic Climate?

description: This project explores the hypothesis that the state and variability of the Beaufort Gyre (BG) system (ocean, sea ice and atmosphere) are natural indicators of Arctic climate health. The major goal of this project is to understand the structure of the BG system, its regulating mechanisms, and impact on Arctic climate. The project team intends to accomplish this by investigating the composition and variability during the period 2003 - 2008 of the atmospheric, cryospheric and oceanic components of this system based on a specially designed observational program, improved modeling studies, and analyses of improved and reconstructed historical data sets. The project will use several major methods to explore the BG system: in situ observations, satellite remote sensing technology, methods of tracer analyses, numerical modeling, historical data mining and reconstruction procedures, and statistical analyses tools. New technologies will be applied: moored profiler instrumentation, satellite techniques allowing mapping of sea ice thickness and sea surface heights in the ice covered regions, and an easily-deployed Ice-Tethered Profiler (ITP) capable of returning daily high-vertical-resolution measurements of upper ocean temperature and salinity. This project relies extensively on working with other NSF projects, and Canadian collaborators, subcontracting with Russian scientists, and freely obtaining other products from our USA and international collaborators from Germany and UK. The specific scientific objectives are: Determine the circulation of the BG throughout the entire water column, and its variability at synoptic to interannual time scales; Measure time series of sea ice draft and determine statistics of the sea ice thickness (SIT), Determine the statistics of ice drift, ocean currents and sea surface heights (SSH) in the BG; Quantify the vertical and temporal scales of variability in the temperature and salinity fields, especially in the halocline and the Pacific and Atlantic layers where many dramatic changes have occurred during the past decade; Assess the impact of this region on large-scale changes in the circulation and properties of the Arctic Ocean; Use all these measurements to increase dynamical understanding of the BG flywheel system and to encourage improved modeling of this system; Compare the observed variations with concurrent variations in the local ocean/atmosphere environment and with variations in atmospheric circulation indices; Synthesize project results characterizing oceanic, cryospheric and atmospheric systems of the BG in order to describe and understand mechanisms and phenomena, both regulating and being regulated by the BG flywheel; Provide quality controlled documented data sets to the Arctic research community and share results of the project with the wider community through an outreach program.
DOI: 10.18739/a2h41jn35
title: Collaborative Research: An investigation of wave dynamics in the Arctic mesosphere and coupling between the lower and upper polar atmosphere

description: The research objective is to utilize a suite of instruments, including an airglow imager, to investigate short-period gravity waves in the Arctic atmosphere over Alaska. Short-period gravity waves are an important component of the larger atmospheric circulation as these waves are believed to transport a large amount of vertical moment flux into the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. While the propagation nature and sources of these waves have been studied extensively at low- and mid-latitudes, little is known about their behavior at high latitudes. Recent efforts have begun to characterize the waves over the Antarctic continent, while the project proposed here will focus on the Arctic. Specifically, the proposed research will establish a long-term winter time series of short-period gravity waves in the Arctic, including their dominant source regions, and influences of large-scale tidal and planetary wave motion. The co-located Rayleigh LIDAR will provide essential high vertical resolution temperature measurements to help elucidate the vertical wave propagation, individual wave contribution to the Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux, and coupling between the lower and upper atmosphere during stratospheric warming events.
DOI: 10.18739/a2cc0tt9d
title: Collaborative Research: P2C2--Reconstructing Central Alaskan Precipitation Variability and Atmospheric Circulation during the Past Millennium

description: Large-scale atmospheric circulation systems affect the geographic distribution of precipitation in western North America, yet little is known about how these systems may have varied before the instrumental period of the last 150 years. The main goal of this project is to reconstruct the history of precipitation in Alaska during the last thousand years using ice core records of snow accumulation. The researchers plan to collect several new ice cores from the Mt. Hunter Plateau in the Alaska Range of Denali National Park and the new ice cores will be combined with an existing spatial array of ice cores in the region to map changes in the spatial patterns of precipitation. Because changes in atmospheric circulation patterns caused by ENSO and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) affect where the precipitation falls, this spatial array of ice cores will provide a record of how these larger scale climate systems have varied during the last thousand years. The project will focus on determining the differences in the precipitation patterns at the Little Ice Age (approximately 200 to 600 years ago) and Medieval Climate Anomaly (approximately 800 to 1,200 years ago).

This project will evaluate how changes in the climate state affect atmospheric circulation and precipitation. In addition the project includes K-12, undergraduate and graduate education activities, and, in conjunction with the National Park Service, the development of an interactive display showing the climate history of the region and the history of glacier advance and retreat in Denali National Park.
DOI: 10.18739/a27p8td8f
title: Airglow Image Data

description: Airglow image data of various emissions are stored in .png image format. The filename indicates the observation site (PFRR = Poker Flat Research Range), the observation time (year, month, day, hour, min, and sec) of image acquisition start, and finally the emission identifier follows (for example OH or Na). Please note that this data set is the RAW data and contain the entire set of images obtained during the project period. This include high, medium, and low quality image data. While we do not require co-authorship in publications using the data set, we encourage users to contact the PI to make sure the data has been interpreted correctly. Otherwise, standard scientific ethic is expected.
DOI: 10.17028/rd.lboro.27888804.v1
title: Supplementary files for Employees’ experiences of outdoor adventure training on psychological capital and wellbeing: A mixed methods case study

description: Supplementary files for Employees’ experiences of outdoor adventure training on psychological capital and wellbeing: A mixed methods case study.<br><br><b>Article abstract</b>Outdoor adventure (OA) programmes have developed an enduring reputation for developing desirable psychological states and enhancing wellbeing. However, research examining the impact of these experiences in occupational contexts is limited. Through an in-depth case study research design, this study explored the experiences of nine employees while participating in a five-day OA-based programme. Data were collected through psychological capital (PsyCap) questionnaires administered before and 1-week after the programme, visual analogue scales and audio recordings completed during the programme along with participant observations by a researcher, and qualitative interviews conducted 8 weeks after the programme. Participants reported a mean increase in PsyCap scores, indicating the programme's positive impact on individuals' self-efficacy, resilience, optimism, and hope in work specific contexts. Additionally, the themes identified through the qualitative data suggested that employees and the team experienced a deep sense of accomplishment, shared success, and developed desirable attitudes towards teamwork. Employees also reported an enhanced sense of psychological wellbeing through connecting with natural environments and stepping away from the demands of the workplace. Findings shed light on the value of outdoor experiential forms of learning as an alternative to more traditional occupational training programmes in promoting desirable psychosocial outcomes in workforces.© The Authors
DOI: 10.18739/a23x83m4p
title: Collaborative Research: An investigation of wave dynamics in the Arctic mesosphere and coupling between the lower and upper polar atmosphere

description: The research objective is to utilize a suite of instruments, including an airglow imager, to investigate short-period gravity waves in the Arctic atmosphere over Alaska. Short-period gravity waves are an important component of the larger atmospheric circulation as these waves are believed to transport a large amount of vertical moment flux into the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. While the propagation nature and sources of these waves have been studied extensively at low- and mid-latitudes, little is known about their behavior at high latitudes. Recent efforts have begun to characterize the waves over the Antarctic continent, while the project proposed here will focus on the Arctic. Specifically, the proposed research will establish a long-term winter time series of short-period gravity waves in the Arctic, including their dominant source regions, and influences of large-scale tidal and planetary wave motion. The co-located Rayleigh LIDAR will provide essential high vertical resolution temperature measurements to help elucidate the vertical wave propagation, individual wave contribution to the Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux, and coupling between the lower and upper atmosphere during stratospheric warming events.
DOI: 10.18739/a2057ct1b
title: Collaborative Research: Interactions Between Air Temperature, Permafrost and Hydrology in the High Latitudes of Eurasia

description: This proposal builds off of work conducted under the Freshwater Integration program and seeks to address two interrelated hypotheses aimed at improved understanding of the Arctic system at various time and space scales. The first hypothesis will explore the seasonal relationship between air temperature, river ice thickness, and winter runoff, while the second will investigate the contribution of thawing permafrost to river discharge. Research will focus on several river basins and feeder streams within the Russian Arctic and sub-Arctic where hydrometeorological measurements have been collected since 1950 and climate data are available from a number of global data archives. These data sets will be augmented by new field data collected by the PI team, focusing on permafrost, isotopic, hydrochemical, and higher time and spatial resolution hydrologic sampling. This suite of measurements will be used to test the hypotheses using watershed scale models and the Geophysical Institute Permafrost Lab model coupled to the Water Balance and Discharge Transformation Model (WBMplus). Graduate students and an undergraduate will receive training in fieldwork and modeling, and the grant will support an early career principal investigator. Results and methodology will also be incorporated into courses taught at the awardee institutions as well as through minority high school outreach programs. During fieldwork, an ongoing collaboration with residents near Igarka will be maintained and materials provided for their local permafrost museum.
DOI: 10.18739/a2vd6p56r
title: Collaborative Research: A multi-faceted evaluation of aerosol impacts on Arctic clouds

description: The project will utilize results from several Arctic measurement sites, including long-term observations at Barrow, Alaska, and shorter-term observations from Summit, Greenland, and two measurement campaigns over the Arctic Ocean to improve upon previous estimates of Arctic aerosol-cloud interactions. To do this a critical first step will involve understanding the conditions under which surface aerosol conditions, as generally used in the compilation of statistical datasets addressing this issue, are comparable to those at cloud level. Using a variety of techniques, the distinction between surface-coupled and decoupled cloud states will focus evaluation of aerosol-cloud interactions on appropriate cases, reducing statistical contamination. From these cases, a statistical evaluation will be performed to reveal co-variation between key cloud (e.g. liquid water path, ice water path) and aerosol (e.g. concentration, size, hygroscopicity) properties. Combined with surface radiation measurements and idealized radiative transfer simulations, the results from this evaluation will provide an improved estimate of the net radiative impact of aerosols on Arctic clouds. Additionally, it will provide an overview of the seasonal evolution and surface-state dependence of these relationships. Outreach plans include several visits to Arctic regions, with a focus on the North Slope of Alaska and Greenland. The primary aim of these visits is to disseminate information relevant to the proposed research to seminar audiences consisting of local people (including underrepresented native people), primary school students, and local officials. A secondary aim of these visits is to give Arctic researchers (particularly early career researchers) who have never had a chance to visit the Arctic themselves an opportunity to see firsthand the region on which their efforts focus. This project will also support two early career scientists at the University of Colorado.
DOI: 10.18739/a2qn5zc2m
title: Collaborative Research: Analysis of McCall Glacier Ice Core and Related Modern Process Studies

description: This is a collaborative project involving four institutions. The proposed research addresses two major questions related to climate in the eastern Alaskan Arctic: 1) How has climate, terrestrial ecology, and pollutant transport changed over the past 250 years in this region, based on ice core reconstructions from McCall Glacier? and 2) How well can we overcome the challenges of core proxy interpretations from ice cores taken from small polythermal valley glaciers through modern-process studies? To answer these questions the investigators conduct an inter-disciplinary analysis of ice core proxies, atmospheric dynamics, modern processes, and numerical ice flow modeling. A 152-meter long core has already been drilled through McCall Glacier and analyzed for 35 chemical proxies. The proposed work will focus on 1) interpretation of these proxies, 2) analysis of pollen in the core, 3) process studies to identify sources of pollen to McCall Glacier, 4) tying the weather and climate record of the past 50 years to the upper section of the core, 5) continuing 3D flow modeling of the glacier and local weather observations, 6) conducting modern process investigations of the effects of seasonal melt on the generation of the core proxy record. The project will support two graduate students.
DOI: 10.18739/a2kw57j87
title: Collaborative Research: Sensitivity of Circum-Arctic Peatland Carbon to Holocene Warm Climates and Climate Seasonality

description: Collaborative Research: RUI: Sensitivity of Circum-Arctic Peatland Carbon to Holocene Warm Climates and Climate Seasonality (PIs: Zicheng Yu, David Beilman, and Philip Camill) Recent accelerated Arctic warming has caused widespread changes in terrestrial ecosystems, including carbon dynamics. Past climate warming and documented ecosystem responses provide crucial insights from Earth?s history for understanding and projecting possible responses to future climate change. In this project, researchers from Lehigh University, University of Hawaii and Bowdoin College will evaluate the outcomes of ?natural climate-warming experiments? that have occurred across the Arctic over the Holocene (the last 12,000 years). They will focus on two warm climate intervals: (1) the Holocene Thermal Maximum ranging in timings between 10,000 and 6000 years ago, and (2) the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly around 1000 years ago. The funds were requested (1) to collect new samples from carbon-rich peatlands from several critical regions (including Alaska, Mackenzie Basin, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Labrador, and Kamchatka), (2) to carry out integration and synthesis of available data, and (3) to work on climate-carbon modeling experiments along with their collaborators. The idea that both temperature and climate seasonality are dominant controls of carbon balances in carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems has important implications for projecting the fate of Arctic carbon in the future, as future warming is expected mainly in the winter season. Other broader impacts include (1) the support of new faculty career development, (2) training of undergraduate students, graduate students, and a postdoctoral fellow, emphasizing groups traditionally underrepresented in the natural sciences, (3) international collaborations and training through two workshops, and (4) public outreach through a symposium on Arctic climate change and soil carbon dynamics and the development of long-term exhibits at the Peary-MacMillan Arctic Museum at Bowdoin College.
DOI: 10.18739/a2g44hr4d
title: Collaborative Research: Do Holocene Variations In Arctic Sea Ice And Greenland Icebergs Drifting Through Denmark Strait Reflect Natural Cycles

description: Historical observations and theory suggest the importance of the extent and duration of drift ice on the Climate System through changes in the Hemispheric albedo and the impact of freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean and Greenland Ice Sheet on the Thermohaline Circulation. Funds are provided to develop 50-100 yr resolution records of changes in sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean and iceberg transport from tidewater ice streams of NE Greenland that reach the Denmark Strait and to develop a detailed history of ice-rafted debris (IRD) over the last 12,000 cal yr BP. Denmark Strait is believed to be a critical area for study as it lies at the boundary between the southward export of Polar and Arctic waters and the northwestern limb of the North Atlantic Drift in the form of the Irminger Current. The research will explore a sources-to-sink model along the ENE/E Greenland shelf and across the Denmark Strait using sediment characteristics to document spatial and temporal changes in composition in a series of well-dated, high-resolution cores from either side of the Denmark Strait and along the NE Greenland shelf. This information will be used to infer changes in the transport of sea ice through the Denmark Strait. Given the ongoing observations of changing sea ice character in the Arctic, changes in the flux of sea ice into the Greenland-Norwegian Seas and the North Atlantic Ocean, and possible acceleration of ice loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet through iceberg calving, a better understanding of how these processes varied in the past will help inform projections of future climate variations. This project will develop data sets that contribute to that understanding.