cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129305.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Die Allegianz von Forschenden als versteckter Moderator in der Psychotherapieforschung

description: Der direkte randomisierte Vergleich zwischen Behandlungen gilt als Standarddesign zur Ermittlung derjenigen Bestandteile komplexer psychotherapeutischer Behandlungen, die die Symptomverbesserung entscheidend beeinflussen. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den Einfluss einseitiger Allegianz von Forschenden - d.h. deren Präferenz für eine bestimmte Behandlung - als extra-therapeutischen Moderator des Behandlungseffekts. Da die Allegianz von Forschenden nur auf Studienebene gemessen werden kann, sind metaanalytische Strategien erforderlich, um mögliche Zusammenhänge zwischen einseitiger Allegianz und Studienergebnissen zu untersuchen. In der Übersichtsarbeit soll gezeigt werden, dass eine einseitige Allegianz von Forschenden bedeutsam mit Studienergebnissen korreliert. Auch wenn dieser Zusammenhang bei verschiedenen Behandlungsansätzen und Störungen beobachtet werden kann, sind die Ursachen und verantwortlichen Prozesse noch nicht weitgehend bekannt. Aufgrund der Vielfalt an potenziellen kausalen Erklärungen für den beobachteten Zusammenhang zwischen Allegianz und Studienergebnissen schlussfolgern wir, dass die explizite Nennung der Allegianz ein möglicher und sinnvoller Schritt zur besseren Beurteilung von Schlussfolgerungen in der Psychotherapieforschung sein kann.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129284
title: Supplementary Material for: Evaluation of Social Support, Quality of Life, and Body Image in Women with Breast Cancer

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> This study was aimed at comparing the quality of life, body image, and perceived social support in women with breast cancer surgery. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> Patients receiving breast-conserving surgery (BCS) (n = 72), mastectomy alone (n = 44), and mastectomy with breast reconstruction (n = 41) were evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the EORTC Breast Cancer Module (QLQ-BR23), the Body Image Scale (BIS) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results indicated that the BCS group had a better body image compared with the other 2 groups and better role functioning compared with the mastectomy-alone group. In the reconstruction group, body image correlated with perceived social support, especially from family and significant others. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results suggest that a positive perception of a supportive social network can help women with breast reconstruction to better cope with the psychological effects of surgery on their body image.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129287
title: Supplementary Material for: Association between Serum Uric Acid and Mortality among Chinese Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Several studies have investigated the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and the risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) but have yielded inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to assess whether there is an independent association of SUA with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Chinese patients with CAD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A prospective cohort study of 1,799 patients was conducted. Cox regression models were used to estimate the association of SUA with the risk of death. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a median follow-up of 3.9 years, 177 deaths were recorded and 126 of these were due to CVD. Patients in the highest SUA quartile had a 2.43-fold risk of all-cause mortality and a 2.44-fold risk of CVD mortality compared with those in the lowest quartile. In the subpopulation analysis, the association between SUA and mortality remained similar when participants were stratified by age, gender, body mass index and type of CAD. In contrast, we found a significant interaction with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). There was a stronger association between SUA and the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among patients with an eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, but no significant association was found in the population with an eGFR &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Elevated SUA levels were positively associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among CAD patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129290
title: Supplementary Material for: Effect of Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism on Tissue Thyroid Hormone Concentrations in Rat

description: <b><i>Background and Objective:</i></b> The present study was aimed at determining the effects of experimental hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on tissue thyroid hormones by a mass spectrometry-based technique. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Rats were subjected to propylthiouracil treatment or administration of exogenous triiodothyronine (T<sub>3</sub>) or thyroxine (T<sub>4</sub>). Tissue T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub> were measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in the heart, liver, kidney, visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, and brain. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Baseline tissue T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub> concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 20 pmol <b>∙</b> g<sup>-1</sup> and from 3 to 125 pmol <b>∙</b> g<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, with the highest values in the liver and kidney, and the lowest values in the adipose tissue. The T<sub>3</sub>/T<sub>4</sub> ratio (expressed as a percentage) was in the 7-20% range in all tissues except the brain, where it averaged 75%. In hypothyroidism, tissue T<sub>3</sub> was more severely reduced than serum free T<sub>3</sub>, averaging 1-6% of the baseline versus 30% of the baseline. The extent of tissue T<sub>3</sub> reduction, expressed as percentage of the baseline, was not homogeneous (p &lt; 0.001), with liver = kidney &gt; brain &gt; heart &gt; adipose tissue. The tissue T<sub>3</sub>/T<sub>4</sub> ratio significantly increased in all organs except the kidney, averaging 330% in the brain and 50-90% in the other tissues. By contrast, exogenous T<sub>3</sub> and T<sub>4</sub> administration produced similar increases in serum free T<sub>3</sub> and in tissue T<sub>3</sub>, and the relative changes were not significantly different between different tissues. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> While the response to increased thyroid hormones availability was similar in all tissues, decreased thyroid hormone availability induced compensatory responses, leading to a significant mismatch between changes in serum and in specific tissues.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129281
title: Supplementary Material for: Age-Dependent Impact of Medication Underuse and Strategies for Improvement

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Medication underuse is common in aging populations and, because of the growing risk for competing deaths, the benefit of preventive medicines gradually vanishes with advancing age, thus limiting their success. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To estimate the optimum time of initiation of the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events, we examined the impact of appropriate pharmacotherapy for different starting ages at which it is implemented. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In the competing risk framework, we obtained the population's life course from life tables, combined it with effect estimates quantifying the real-world effectiveness of secondary prevention, and compared the outcome of patients not receiving appropriate treatment (underuse) with those receiving preventive medicines that have demonstrated a reduction in the transition to serious cardiovascular events (START criteria). Starting at the age of 55 years, the population proportions of the distinct states of the framework were calculated for each year of chronological age in subgroups of appropriate treatment and underuse. These proportions were used over a follow-up period to estimate measures of treatment effectiveness and risks of underuse. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Despite increasing relative effectiveness with advancing age, benefits measured by patient-relevant endpoints, such as life years gained (LYG) or gained quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), markedly dropped after the starting age of 75 years, but even at an initiation age of 85 years, QALYs gained exceeded 1 year. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Interventions targeting medication underuse may achieve considerable benefits at any stage of later life, while the benefit is probably largest if appropriate treatment is started before 75 years.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129287.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Association between Serum Uric Acid and Mortality among Chinese Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Several studies have investigated the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and the risks of coronary artery disease (CAD) but have yielded inconsistent results. The aim of this study was to assess whether there is an independent association of SUA with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Chinese patients with CAD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A prospective cohort study of 1,799 patients was conducted. Cox regression models were used to estimate the association of SUA with the risk of death. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a median follow-up of 3.9 years, 177 deaths were recorded and 126 of these were due to CVD. Patients in the highest SUA quartile had a 2.43-fold risk of all-cause mortality and a 2.44-fold risk of CVD mortality compared with those in the lowest quartile. In the subpopulation analysis, the association between SUA and mortality remained similar when participants were stratified by age, gender, body mass index and type of CAD. In contrast, we found a significant interaction with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). There was a stronger association between SUA and the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among patients with an eGFR ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>, but no significant association was found in the population with an eGFR &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Elevated SUA levels were positively associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among CAD patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129296.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Prior Cannabis Use Is Associated with Outcome after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Recent evidence suggests that a potential harmful relationship exists between cannabis use and ischemic stroke. The purpose of this study was to determine the implications of cannabis use in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> An analysis of an international, multicenter, observational database of consecutive patients with spontaneous ICH was conducted. We extracted the following characteristics on presentation: demographics, risk factors, antiplatelet or anticoagulant use, Glasgow Coma Scale, ICH score, neuroimaging parameters, and urine toxicology screen (UTS) results. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score was utilized for determination of outcome at discharge. Adjusted logistic ordinal regression was used as shift analysis to assess the impact of cannabis use on mRS score at discharge. The adjusted common OR measured the likelihood that cannabis use would lead to lower mRS scores. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Within a cohort of 725 spontaneous ICH patients, UTS was positive for cannabinoids in 8.6%. Cannabinoids-positive (CB<sup>+</sup>) patients were more frequently Caucasian (p &lt; 0.001), younger (p &lt; 0.001), and had lower median ICH scores on admission (p = 0.017) than those who were cannabinoids-negative. CB<sup>+</sup> patients also showed a shift toward better outcome in the distribution of mRS categories, with an adjusted common OR of 0.544 (95% CI 0.330-0.895, p = 0.017). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In this multinational cohort, cannabis use was discovered in nearly 10% of patients with spontaneous ICH. Although there was no relationship between cannabis use and specific ICH characteristics, CB<sup>+</sup> patients had milder ICH presentation and less disability at discharge.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129275
title: Supplementary Material for: PKCα Deficiency in Mice Is Associated with Pulmonary Vascular Hyperresponsiveness to Thromboxane A2 and Increased Thromboxane Receptor Expression

description: Pulmonary vascular hyperresponsiveness is a main characteristic of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In PAH patients, elevated levels of the vasoconstrictors thromboxane A2 (TXA2), endothelin (ET)-1 and serotonin further contribute to pulmonary hypertension. Protein kinase C (PKC) isozyme alpha (PKCα) is a known modulator of smooth muscle cell contraction. However, the effects of PKCα deficiency on pulmonary vasoconstriction have not yet been investigated. Thus, the role of PKCα in pulmonary vascular responsiveness to the TXA2 analog U46619, ET-1, serotonin and acute hypoxia was investigated in isolated lungs of PKCα<sup>-/-</sup> mice and corresponding wild-type mice, with or without prior administration of the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I or Gö6976. mRNA was quantified from microdissected intrapulmonary arteries. We found that broad-spectrum PKC inhibition reduced pulmonary vascular responsiveness to ET-1 and acute hypoxia and, by trend, to U46619. Analogously, selective inhibition of conventional PKC isozymes or PKCα deficiency reduced ET-1-evoked pulmonary vasoconstriction. The pulmonary vasopressor response to serotonin was unaffected by either broad PKC inhibition or PKCα deficiency. Surprisingly, PKCα<sup>-/-</sup> mice showed pulmonary vascular hyperresponsiveness to U46619 and increased TXA2 receptor (TP receptor) expression in the intrapulmonary arteries. To conclude, PKCα regulates ET-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. However, PKCα deficiency leads to pulmonary vascular hyperresponsiveness to TXA2, possibly via increased pulmonary arterial TP receptor expression.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129278
title: Supplementary Material for: Placebos in der Psychotherapieforschung - eine systematische Analyse am Beispiel der systematischen Desensibilisierung

description: <b><i>Hintergrund:</i></b> Die Voraussetzungen der randomisierten, Placebo-kontrollierten Evaluation - die Ununterscheidbarkeit der Therapiebedingungen für die Patienten und die Verblindung der Therapeuten - sind in der Psychotherapieforschung nicht uneingeschränkt gegeben. Das Ziel dieser qualitativen systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, am Beispiel der systematischen Desensibilisierung (SD) die Vorgehensweisen zur Bestimmung der Behandlungsspezifität zu beschreiben und deren theoretische und praktische Implikationen zu diskutieren. <b><i>Methodik:</i></b> Auf der Basis einer systematischen Literaturrecherche in PsycINFO und PubMed für den Zeitraum von 1976-2015 wurden Psychotherapiestudien gesucht, in denen Patienten mit Angstsymptomen einer SD- oder Placebo-Gruppe zugewiesen und verglichen wurden. Nach Extraktion der gewählten Moderator-Variablen konnten 11 Studien eingeschlossen werden. <b><i>Ergebnisse:</i></b> Die Ergebnisse zu den spezifischen Effekten der SD waren nicht einheitlich. Eine durchgeführte Moderator-Analyse zeigte, dass der Nachweis spezifischer Effekte von der Glaubwürdigkeit des Placebos und dem dabei erlebten Ausmaß emotionaler Erfahrungen abhängig ist. <b><i>Schlussfolgerung:</i></b> Ob ein bestimmtes psychotherapeutisches Verfahren als spezifisch einzustufen ist, hängt von der Operationalisierung der Placebo-Kontrolle ab. Insbesondere bei SD scheint die Einschränkung des zu bearbeitenden Themas und in der Folge die Unterbindung der emotionalen Erfahrung des Patienten innerhalb der Kontrollbedingung eine Voraussetzung dafür zu sein, spezifische Effekte der SD zu finden.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129272
title: PlaybackDatabase_FigShare.xlsx

description: Raw data of the number of approaches to a playback speaker made by captive female harbor seals in response to playbacks of male vocalizations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129278.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Placebos in der Psychotherapieforschung - eine systematische Analyse am Beispiel der systematischen Desensibilisierung

description: <b><i>Hintergrund:</i></b> Die Voraussetzungen der randomisierten, Placebo-kontrollierten Evaluation - die Ununterscheidbarkeit der Therapiebedingungen für die Patienten und die Verblindung der Therapeuten - sind in der Psychotherapieforschung nicht uneingeschränkt gegeben. Das Ziel dieser qualitativen systematischen Übersichtsarbeit ist es, am Beispiel der systematischen Desensibilisierung (SD) die Vorgehensweisen zur Bestimmung der Behandlungsspezifität zu beschreiben und deren theoretische und praktische Implikationen zu diskutieren. <b><i>Methodik:</i></b> Auf der Basis einer systematischen Literaturrecherche in PsycINFO und PubMed für den Zeitraum von 1976-2015 wurden Psychotherapiestudien gesucht, in denen Patienten mit Angstsymptomen einer SD- oder Placebo-Gruppe zugewiesen und verglichen wurden. Nach Extraktion der gewählten Moderator-Variablen konnten 11 Studien eingeschlossen werden. <b><i>Ergebnisse:</i></b> Die Ergebnisse zu den spezifischen Effekten der SD waren nicht einheitlich. Eine durchgeführte Moderator-Analyse zeigte, dass der Nachweis spezifischer Effekte von der Glaubwürdigkeit des Placebos und dem dabei erlebten Ausmaß emotionaler Erfahrungen abhängig ist. <b><i>Schlussfolgerung:</i></b> Ob ein bestimmtes psychotherapeutisches Verfahren als spezifisch einzustufen ist, hängt von der Operationalisierung der Placebo-Kontrolle ab. Insbesondere bei SD scheint die Einschränkung des zu bearbeitenden Themas und in der Folge die Unterbindung der emotionalen Erfahrung des Patienten innerhalb der Kontrollbedingung eine Voraussetzung dafür zu sein, spezifische Effekte der SD zu finden.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129284.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Evaluation of Social Support, Quality of Life, and Body Image in Women with Breast Cancer

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> This study was aimed at comparing the quality of life, body image, and perceived social support in women with breast cancer surgery. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> Patients receiving breast-conserving surgery (BCS) (n = 72), mastectomy alone (n = 44), and mastectomy with breast reconstruction (n = 41) were evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), the EORTC Breast Cancer Module (QLQ-BR23), the Body Image Scale (BIS) and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results indicated that the BCS group had a better body image compared with the other 2 groups and better role functioning compared with the mastectomy-alone group. In the reconstruction group, body image correlated with perceived social support, especially from family and significant others. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results suggest that a positive perception of a supportive social network can help women with breast reconstruction to better cope with the psychological effects of surgery on their body image.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129272.v1
title: PlaybackDatabase_FigShare.xlsx

description: Raw data of the number of approaches to a playback speaker made by captive female harbor seals in response to playbacks of male vocalizations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129260
title: Supplementary Material for: Is Myomectomy Prior to Assisted Reproductive Technology Cost Effective in Women with Intramural Fibroids?

description: <b><i>Aim:</i></b> To evaluate the cost effectiveness of surgery to remove intramural (IM) fibroids prior to assisted reproductive technology (ART). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The decision tree mathematical model along with sensitivity analysis was performed to analyze cost effectiveness of: (1) myomectomy followed by ART or (2) ART with IM myoma(s) in situ. <b><i>Results:</i></b> At the median ongoing pregnancy (OP) rate (OPR) reported in the literature for a fresh, autologous ART cycle with IM fibroids in situ vs. post-IM myomectomy, average cost per OP was $72,355 vs. 66,075, indicating a cost savings with myomectomy. Sensitivity analysis over the range of reported OPRs demonstrated that pre-ART IM myomectomy was always cost effective when OPR among women with in situ myomas was &lt;15.4%. However, for OPRs ≥15.4%, pre-ART IM myomectomy was only cost effective if it increased OPR by at least 9.6%. At the high end of OPRs reported for patients with IM myomas in situ (31.4%), a 19.5% improvement in OPR was needed to justify IM myomectomy from a cost perspective. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Myomectomy should be used sparingly in cases where the goal of surgery is to achieve improvement in the outcomes of ART.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129266
title: Supplementary Material for: Granzymes A and B Regulate the Local Inflammatory Response during <b><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i></b> Pneumonia

description: <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> is a common cause of hospital-acquired pneumonia. Granzymes (gzms), mainly found in cytotoxic lymphocytes, have been implicated as mediators of infection and inflammation. We here sought to investigate the role of gzmA and gzmB in the host response to <i>K. pneumoniae-</i>induced airway infection and sepsis. For this purpose, pneumonia was induced in wild-type (WT) and gzmA-deficient <i>(gzmA</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup><i>)</i>, <i>gzmB</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> and <i>gzmAxB</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> mice by intranasal infection with <i>K. pneumoniae</i>. In WT mice, gzmA and gzmB were mainly expressed by natural killer cells. Pneumonia was associated with reduced intracellular gzmA and increased intracellular gzmB levels. Gzm deficiency had little impact on antibacterial defence: <i>gzmA</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> and <i>gzmAxB</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> mice transiently showed modestly higher bacterial loads in the lungs but not in distant organs. <i>GzmB</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> and, to a larger extent, <i>gzmAxB</i><sup><i>-/-</i></sup> mice displayed transiently increased lung inflammation, reflected in the semi-quantitative histology scores and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Most differences between gzm-deficient and WT mice had disappeared during late-stage pneumonia. Gzm deficiency did not impact on distant organ injury or survival. These results suggest that gzmA and gzmB partly regulate local inflammation during early pneumonia but eventually play an insignificant role during pneumosepsis by the common human pathogen <i>K. pneumoniae</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129257
title: Supplementary Material for: The Role of Antibiotics in Gut Microbiota Modulation: The Eubiotic Effects of Rifaximin

description: Antibiotics are mainly used in clinical practice for their activity against pathogens, but they also alter the composition of commensal gut microbial community. Rifaximin is a non-absorbable antibiotic with additional effects on the gut microbiota about which very little is known. It is still not clear to what extent rifaximin can be able to modulate gut microbiota composition and diversity in different clinical settings. Studies based on culture-dependent techniques revealed that rifaximin treatment promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. Accordingly, our metagenomic analysis carried out on patients with different gastrointestinal and liver diseases highlighted a significant increase in Lactobacilli after rifaximin treatment, persisting in the short time period. This result was independent of the disease background and was not accompanied by a significant alteration of the overall gut microbial ecology. This suggests that rifaximin can exert important eubiotic effects independently of the original disease, producing a favorable gut microbiota perturbation without changing its overall composition and diversity.