cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288813
title: Fungicidal potential of essential oils in control of Fusarium spp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

description: ABSTRACT The use of highly toxic pesticides to control soil pathogens, such as Fusarium spp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has generated concern, due to the irreversible impacts caused on the environment, in addition to selecting resistant isolates. In this way, essential oils appear as an efficient alternative in control of diseases. Facing the problem of soil pathogens control and high antimicrobial fungicide that essential oils present, this work aimed to evaluate the in vitro fungicidal potential of essential oils in control of Fusarium spp. and S. sclerotiorum. A completely randomized design, factorial scheme 2×4×8 was used, with two isolates (Fusarium spp. and S. sclerotiorum), four essential oils (Aloysia citriodora, Cymbopogon winterianus, Lippia alba and Ocimum americanum), eight essential oil concentrations (0.0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; 1.2 and 1.4 ?L·mL-1), and ten replicates. The essential oils inhibited mycelial growth of the fungi in different concentrations, being their potential justified by the presence of antifungal chemical compounds. Essential oils of A. citriodora, C. winterianus, L. alba and O. americanum present high fungicidal potential, being viable alternatives for formulation of commercial products, boosting the pesticides industry.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288810
title: Sugarcane froghoppers in northeast Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Froghoppers (Mahanarva spp.) are pests of great economic importance for various regions of Brazil. Many species have a variation in the alar pattern, a parameter that often leads to incorrect identification. We collected froghopper adults in sugarcane fields in the municipalities of Murici and Maceió, in Alagoas, Lagoa de Itaenga and Camutanga, in Pernambuco, São Raimundo das Mangabeiras, in Maranhão, and União and Boa Hora, in the Teresina microregion in Piauí. The froghoppers were assembled and identified and are representatives of three species: M. spectabilis, M. fimbriolata, and M. posticata. This is the first record of M. spectabilis attacking sugarcane fields in the states of Piauí and Maranhão, Brazil. We found the species M. posticata and M. fimbriolata in the sugarcane fields of Alagoas and only M. posticata in Pernambuco.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288805
title: New occurrences of Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Occurrences of Anastrepha barbiellinii Lima, Anastrepha connexa Lima, Anastrepha consobrina (Loew), Anastrepha kuhlmanni Lima, Anastrepha leptozona Hendel, and Anastrepha xanthochaeta Hendel are recorded for the first time in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species were captured in McPhail traps baited with hydrolyzed protein (5%) in orchards of cultivated species and in a remnant of the Atlantic Forest in the municipality of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, or obtained from the collection of species deposited in the Regional Museum of Entomology (UFVB) of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Campus Viçosa, in the state of Minas Gerais.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288799
title: Weed management in glyphosate-resistant maize

description: ABSTRACT The application of glyphosate associated with other herbicides is an important alternative for weed control in maize, to increase control spectrum and to minimize problems with resistance and tolerance from some species to the product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy, selectivity and effects on the grain yield components of glyphosate-resistant maize as a function of its application, associated or not with other pre- and postemergence herbicides. The design used was randomized blocks with four replications. Treatments consisted in the use of glyphosate combined with the herbicides: atrazine, [atrazine + simazine], [atrazine + oil], [atrazine + S-metolachlor], applied pre- and/or postemergence and [nicosulfuron + mesotrione] only postemergence, plus two controls, one weeded and one infested. The evaluated variables were maize phytotoxicity, weed control, ear insertion height, number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, one thousand grain mass and grain yield. Herbicide treatments caused low phytotoxicity to maize, less than 6%; control greater than 88, 95 and 95% for alexandergrass, turnip and sunflower, respectively, and did not affect grain yield components. The tested herbicides are selective to the hybrid Forseed 2A521 PW and effective in weed control. Weed control with weeding or herbicide increased maize Forseed 2A521 PW yield by 43%. The association of glyphosate with pre- or postemergence herbicides increased maize grain yield by approximately 14%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288797
title: Isolation of entomopathogenic nematodes in the west region of Santa Catarina, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are potential candidate for integrated pest management programs. As little is known about the presence of these organisms in the state of Santa Catarina, it was aimed to perform soil sampling in the cities of Chapecó, Palmitos, Seara and Concordia for the isolation of EPNs. In total, 200 samples (100 g soil) were collected. In Chapecó, 40 samples from soil containing green manure (Raphanus sativus), five samples from native forest area and five samples from riparian forest were collected. In the city of Palmitos, 40 soil samples were obtained in the areas of soybean (Glycine max), corn (Zea mays), oats (Avena strigosa), and pasture (Pennisetum purpureum), and in each location 10 samples were taken. Sixty soil samples were collected in the city of Concordia, in a pasture area (A. strigosa). In Seara, the 50 soil samples were collected at a pasture consortium site between ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) and black oats (A. strigosa). For the isolation, the collected soil samples were conditioned in 350 mL plastic containers and sent to the laboratory of the university. Later, four larvae of Tenebrio molitor of last instar were inserted, and the sets were maintained at the temperature of 25°C for seven days. After this period, the presence of dead larvae was verified, and the confirmation of the mortality by EPNs was evaluated using of White’s trap. The positive samples for EPNs were obtained from the cities of Chapecó and Concordia, which corresponded to 2% of the total soil samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288795
title: Evaluation of the hygienic-sanitary conditions of a dairy localized in the Island of São Luís, Maranhão

description: ABSTRACT: The product quality is a competitive advantage that plays a differential role among companies. In the food industry, which is based on the Quality Management System, such as Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), which cover the hygiene procedure, aiming at food safety. In view of the above, the aim of this study was to evaluate the hygienic-sanitary conditions of a selected dairy from the São Luís Island - MA. An application of the checklist was performed, swab collection from the hands of the manipulators and equipment and the collection of water and yogurt for microbiological analysis. After this step, a training was performed for food handlers and finally, new collections and microbiological analysis were performed. All the microbiological analysis performed were satisfactory, except for the water sample, one before and again for training. It can be verified that the hygienic-sanitary condition of the dairy was good. However, after a lecture and new microbiological analyzes, improvements were observed in the results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288792
title: Biological efficiency and nutritional value of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in agroindustrial wastes of palm oil fruits and cocoa almonds

description: ABSTRACT The cocoa and palm oil agro-industries active in the state of Bahia, Brazil, generate high quantities of lignocellulosic wastes that could be recycled through their use in the formulation of substrates to cultivate edible mushrooms. Pleurotus ostreatus, also known as oyster mushroom, is the second most cultivated mushroom in the world due to its highly appreciated gastronomic, nutritional, and medicinal characteristics. This work evaluated the vertical mycelium growth, biological efficiency, mushroom yield, and nutritional composition of P. ostreatus produced in substrates formulated with a combination of palm oil fruit mesocarp (POFM) and cocoa almond peels (CAP) processing wastes. The substrates were formulated with the following POFM/CAP proportions (%/%): S1 – 86.4/9.6; S2 – 76.8/19.2; S3 – 67.2/28.8; S4 – 57.6/38.4, and S5 – 48.0/48.0. Substrates also received 3% powdered charcoal and 1% calcium carbonate. Substrates S1, S2, S3, and S4 were superior for vertical mycelium growth. S2 promoted the best biological efficiency (148.8%) and yield (560.5g·kg-1).The mushrooms produced in all substrates presented good nutritional values, although mushrooms produced using the S2 presented the highest crude protein content. Overall, S1 is the recommended substrate as it results in higher yields of nutrient rich mushrooms. Production of P. ostreatus in substrates composed of POFM and CAP represents a good alternative for recycling these wastes with potential economic and ecological benefits to regions where palm oil and cocoa are grown.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288791
title: Oviposition behavior of Helicoverpa armigera in soybean

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the oviposition behavior of Helicoverpa armigera confined in different adult pair density and growth stages of soybean plants, and the resistance of soybean genotypes to H. armigera in the category nonpreference for oviposition. The oviposition behavior of H. armigera was assessed using one, two, and four adult pairs per soybean plant of the cultivar BR-16 at the growth stages: vegetative V8 (eighth unrolled trifoliate leaf), reproductive R2 (full bloom) and reproductive R5.2 (beginning seed). The nonpreference for oviposition was evaluated using eight soybean genotypes and an oviposition preference index was calculated. The number of trichomes in leaflets was quantified for being correlated to H. armigera oviposition. One adult pair and soybean plants stage at pod-set affected and showed the best results oviposition preference on soybean plants. The genotypes M8230-RR and W711-RR presented resistance characteristics, and PI-227687 was preferred for oviposition. The trichome density positively affects the female oviposition behavior.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288790
title: Rapid test to detect cytotoxic activity in vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease

description: ABSTRACT Substances with cytotoxic activity present in vaccines against the foot-and-mouth disease may interfere with methods used to detect residual live virus in the product or cause undesirable postvaccination reactions. This study describes a rapid in vitro test to detect cytotoxic activity in water-in-oil vaccines against foot-and-mouth disease using a commercial saponin as a cytotoxic agent and a solution of sheep’s red blood cells as substrate. Hemolytic and cytotoxic activity was analyzed using experimental and commercial vaccines prepared with and without saponin. The hemolytic and cytotoxic potential of preparations containing saponin was evident. In contrast, hemolytic and cytotoxic activities were not observed in vaccines without saponin in their composition. The method described here allows to easily detect if the vaccine under study has cytotoxic activity, making it possible to select the most appropriate method to process the sample to be used for the innocuity test. Additionally, due to undesirable effects that may be observed in animals receiving vaccines containing saponin in their formulation, the use of the rapid test described here allows to identify those vaccines with cytotoxic activity and to verify the presence of saponin on them, through the mass spectrometry method.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288789
title: Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) rearing in Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) submitted to different diets*

description: ABSTRACT The ecological, physiological and behavioral processes of insects are linked to their nutrition. The diet of host insects can modify the development of natural enemies and affect their reproductive performance. The objective of this work was to evaluate the development and reproduction of Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle, 1993 (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) parasitizing pupae of Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus, 1785 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) rearing in different diets. Pupae of T. molitor generated in six different diets (wheat bran, cornmeal, pelleted feed for rabbits, and bran, pelleted or crushed feed for laying hens) were individually placed in plastic pots and exposed to parasitism by six females of P. elaeisis during 72 h. The biological variables of P. elaeisis were observed and bromatological analyses were performed with pupae of T. molitor and the diets used. The percentage of parasitism and emergency was 100% in all treatments. There was no difference in the life cycle, the offspring number and longevity of the parasitoid. Pupae of T. molitor obtained from larvae fed with cornmeal were smaller and generated P. elaeisis offspring with low sex ratio and shorter length of the tibia. The T. molitor diet based on cornmeal was not suitable for the reproduction of P. elaeisis in the laboratory.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288786
title: Viability of Cyperus rotundus L. tubers after application of herbicide in pre- and postemergence

description: ABSTRACT Chemical management is the most widely adopted technique to control weeds in sugarcane crops. Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is among the most difficult species to control. Herbicides need to be absorbed and translocated in a sufficient amount for the tuber chain to be effective. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the herbicides sulfentrazone, diclosulam, imazapic, imazapyr, halosulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, monosodium methyl arsenate (MSMA), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in controlling C. rotundus and reducing the viability of its tubers. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design, with nine treatments and four replications. The herbicides sulfentrazone (800 g active ingredient – ai·ha?1), diclosulam (193.17 g ai·ha?1), imazapic (133 g ai·ha?1), and imazapyr (500 g acid equivalent – ae·ha?1) were applied in preemergence at five days after planting the tubers, while halosulfuron (112.5 g ai·ha?1), ethoxysulfuron (135 g ai·ha?1), MSMA (1,975 g ai·ha?1), and 2,4-D (1,340 g ae·ha?1) were applied in postemergence (4 to 5 leaves). The parameters visual control, shoot dry matter, number of tubers and bulbs, weight of tubers + bulbs, number of epigeal manifestations, and tuber viability were analyzed. The herbicides diclosulam, halosulfuron, and ethoxysulfuron provided 100% control of the shoot at 90 days after application (DAA). All herbicides reduced the number of bulbs, weight of tubers + bulbs, and shoot dry matter. The herbicides sulfentrazone, imazapic, halosulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, and MSMA provided the highest reduction in tuber viability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288784
title: Occurrence of Phelypera griseofasciata and its parasitism in munguba in Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro

description: ABSTRACT: Pachira aquatica (Malvaceae), known as munguba, is cultivated for afforestation of many Brazilian cities. In Seropédica campus of UFRRJ, it was observed the defoliation of one specimen of Pachira aquatica with presence of larvae, pre-pupae, and pupae of beetle of the subfamily Hyperinae, which were reared in laboratory until the emergence of the adults; these insects were identified as belonging to the species Phelypera griseofasciata Capiomont (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). These immature forms (n=86) were again collected in this same specimen and reared in laboratory to verify the occurrence of parasitism. It was obtained 128 adults of Jaliscoa nudipennis Bouček (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), responsible for 44.2% of total parasitism. The sex ratio was 0.70, so the highest number of offspring was of females. Intersexual and intrasexual dimorphisms were also observed in J. nudipennis regarding the shape of the head and characteristics of the wings. This study is the first record of both insect species associated with Pachira aquatica in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288781
title: Performance of RR soybean submitted to postemergence application of glyphosate with a foliar elicitor product

description: ABSTRACT With the advent of glyphosate-resistant soybean, postemergence applications of the herbicide have become routine. In this way, problems related to the selectivity of glyphosate have been shown to be increasingly intense, due to the use of increased dosages and applications of the herbicide at unrecommended moments. In order to evaluate the agronomic performance of soybean plants subjected to the postemergence application of glyphosate – both in isolation and together with Crop+ – at different stages and dosage levels, a randomized block design experiment was carried out with two adjacent checks and four repetitions. The treatments consisted of: glyphosate (1296 g·ha-1); glyphosate + Crop+ (1296 + 0.25 g or L·ha-1); glyphosate + Crop+ (1296 + 0.5 g or L·ha-1); glyphosate (2592 g·ha-1); glyphosate + Crop+ (2592 + 0.25 g or L·ha-1); glyphosate + Crop+ (2592 + 0.5 g or L·ha-1); 2 × glyphosate (2 × 1296 g·ha-1); 2 × glyphosate + Crop+ (2 × 1296 + 0.25 g or L·ha-1); 2 × glyphosate + Crop+ (2 × 1296 + 0.5 g or L·ha-1) and Crop+ (0.5 g·ha-1). The phytotoxicity, soil plant analysis development (SPAD) index, height, stand, mass of 100 grains, and yield of the soybean plants were evaluated. The use of Crop+ on soybean plants led to an increase in the SPAD index; the use of Crop+ in association with glyphosate made possible the attenuation of visible symptoms of damage, preventing reductions in crop yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288779
title: Seed systems of Brachiaria species in intercropping with grain sorghum in the off-season

description: ABSTRACT The grain sorghum intercropped with Brachiaria provides the production of grains and dry mass in the off-season; however, there is a lack of information related to the implantation of these species. The objective of this study was to identify the best association of sorghum and Brachiaria in the production of grain and dry matter in the Brazilian Cerrado region. The experiment was conducted in Rio Verde, State of Goiás, in the experimental design of randomized blocks, in a 2×3×4+5 factorial scheme, with four replications. Two sorghum hybrids (BRS 330 and DKB 551) associated to three Brachiaria species (Brachiaria brizantha cultivar Marandu, Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria ruziziensis) were evaluated in four systems of Brachiaria implantation (row, interrow, row + interrow of sorghum and spread). Additional treatments referred to the two sorghum monocrops and the three Brachiaria species. The sorghum and Brachiaria consortium resulted in a reduction in grain yield, but the Brachiaria implantation systems in the row, interrow and spread were the most promising. The sorghum hybrid DKB 551 was the most sensitive to the competition with Brachiaria, although there were no grain yield differences in the intercropping. The Brachiaria intercropped in the interrow and in the row + interrow, mainly with B. ruziziensis, were the most promising for the production of dry mass and total crude protein. The cultivation of Brachiaria intercropped with sorghum provided a greater contribution of dry mass in the off-season, an important fact for the no-tillage system in the agricultural production systems of the Brazilian Cerrado.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288777
title: Stink bug control at different stages of soybean development

description: ABSTRACT This study evaluates the effects of combinations of pyrethroids and neonicotinoids on the control of stink bugs at different stages of soybean crop development. The experiment was set up in a factorial randomized block design (4×6: 4 treatments and 6 stages) with 4 repetitions. The following treatments were tested during the V6/V7, R2, R4, R5.1, R5.5 and R 6 phenological stages: 1 – control (no application), 2 – thiamethoxam + λ-cyhalothrin, 3 – acetamiprid + α-cypermethrin, and 4 – dinotefuran + α-cypermethrin. Infestation, number of damaged seeds, number of pods, number of pods per plant, and yield (kg/ha) were evaluated. Stink bug infestations were smaller when applications commenced during the vegetative stages (V6-V8). Pod numbers and yields were highest in the dinotefuran + α-cypermethrin treatment with applications from V6/V8 to R4. The active ingredients dinotefuran + α-cypermethrin reduced stink bug populations and increased yields and could therefore be considered in integrated pest management (IPM) programs for soybean crops.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288774
title: Monitoring of Newcastle disease in poultry at migratory birds landing sites: Mangue Seco and Cacha Pregos between 2013 and 2014

description: ABSTRACT The poultry industry has been considered one of the most efficient agricultural activities, placing Brazil in the ranking of the largest producers of chicken meat. However, a threat to the poultry production chain is the entrance of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the country, which would bring huge economic and social losses. Monitoring of the virus was conducted in domestic poultry (Gallus gallus domesticus) farms on the migratory birds landing sites Mangue Seco and Cacha Pregos between 2013 and 2014 to control Newcastle disease (NCD) in these locations. Activities in health education, filling the questionnaire to define the sanitary profile of the farms, georeferenced registration and collection of blood samples, cloacal and tracheal swabs of the backyard birds were the epidemiological surveillance actions performed. A total of 133 serum samples were analyzed in Mangue Seco and 81 in Cacha Pregos. The results showed that both Mangue Seco (63.4%) and Cacha Pregos (88.9%) presented reactive animals for the NDV. The results of real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viral isolation analyses were negative, proving that the domestic poultry were not eliminating the virus at the time of sample collection. The high percentage of reactive animals by indirect ELISA test in both epidemiological units studied suggests the presence of NDV circulating lentogenic strain, since there was no death registration and the birds did not have characteristic symptoms of the disease.