cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8260142
title: Embodied energy in pre-use: comparison between steel deck- and massive slabs

description: Abstract Industrialisation has become a powerful economic solution: it allows the reduction of material consumption, human resources, energy, time and financial resources to varying extents. Hence, new technologies arise, such as the steel deck slab system, and also the need of new, detailed studies analysing energy consumption and environmental impact, as well comparisons with traditional systems. The goal of this study is to compare two types of slab systems (concrete- and steel deck systems) with regards to their incorporated energy in the pre-use phase, which includes raw material extraction, components production, transportation to the site and execution. The methodology applied had already been used in other studies that broke down the systems, allowing the calculation of mass and energy at lower levels of the most important components. The incorporated energy rates used were also from earlier studies. This study concluded that the systems differ in energy by 13%, and showed that the incorporated energy in steel deck slab systems is higher than that of massive slabs due to the steel component, which presents high levels of energy extraction and production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8260142.v1
title: Embodied energy in pre-use: comparison between steel deck- and massive slabs

description: Abstract Industrialisation has become a powerful economic solution: it allows the reduction of material consumption, human resources, energy, time and financial resources to varying extents. Hence, new technologies arise, such as the steel deck slab system, and also the need of new, detailed studies analysing energy consumption and environmental impact, as well comparisons with traditional systems. The goal of this study is to compare two types of slab systems (concrete- and steel deck systems) with regards to their incorporated energy in the pre-use phase, which includes raw material extraction, components production, transportation to the site and execution. The methodology applied had already been used in other studies that broke down the systems, allowing the calculation of mass and energy at lower levels of the most important components. The incorporated energy rates used were also from earlier studies. This study concluded that the systems differ in energy by 13%, and showed that the incorporated energy in steel deck slab systems is higher than that of massive slabs due to the steel component, which presents high levels of energy extraction and production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259746
title: Types and efficiency of rainwater treatment units: a literature review

description: Abstract The use of rainwater in buildings is an attractive alternative as a water source. However, to enable its use, rainwater must be treated in order to achieve the necessary quality. Filters are widely used for this purpose, and they are available in a variety of models. In order to assess different filtration systems, the results obtained by using each treatment unit and the limits recommended by ABNT (2007) were compared. The different systems’ efficiency were also compared with each other. A review was undertaken based on research studies available in the literature. This project aimed to organize information on state-of-the-art treatment units around the world and to contribute to consolidate these systems of rainwater treatment. The study detected a lack of standardisation in the methods and parameters analysed, which hinders a more precise analysis of which models would be most suitable to treat rainwater. The study also verified that the water quality required by the Brazilian regulation was not achieved by any of the filters. Nevertheless, the models studied showed promising results, i.e., they achieved high efficiency for most parameters, ranging between 60% and 100%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259746.v1
title: Types and efficiency of rainwater treatment units: a literature review

description: Abstract The use of rainwater in buildings is an attractive alternative as a water source. However, to enable its use, rainwater must be treated in order to achieve the necessary quality. Filters are widely used for this purpose, and they are available in a variety of models. In order to assess different filtration systems, the results obtained by using each treatment unit and the limits recommended by ABNT (2007) were compared. The different systems’ efficiency were also compared with each other. A review was undertaken based on research studies available in the literature. This project aimed to organize information on state-of-the-art treatment units around the world and to contribute to consolidate these systems of rainwater treatment. The study detected a lack of standardisation in the methods and parameters analysed, which hinders a more precise analysis of which models would be most suitable to treat rainwater. The study also verified that the water quality required by the Brazilian regulation was not achieved by any of the filters. Nevertheless, the models studied showed promising results, i.e., they achieved high efficiency for most parameters, ranging between 60% and 100%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259578
title: Performance measurement of the water distribution systems of the Brazilian Agreste region

description: Abstract According to the 2018 report produced by the National Sanitation Information System (hereby referred to by its Brazilian acronym SNIS), 40% of the total amount of water treated by state water utilities in 2016 was lost during its distribution, either through real losses or due to apparent losses. In addition to water, other types of loss are incurred in, such as financial resources and labour, moreover, the financial resources associated with these losses could otherwise be invested in improvements of the companies’ systems. This study aims to evaluate the performance of state water utilities in controlling and reducing water loss in supply systems based on the SNIS indicators in municipalities of the Brazilian Agreste. The methodology was based on descriptive statistics. Therefore, the adopted values of the operational indicators in each municipality were compared with reference values in order to analyse the efficiency of water supply systems and to establish a benchmark for the region. The best results were from Embasa (Bahia), while the worst performing state was Sergipe. The study provides useful information to managers of state companies when prioritising investments to improve inefficient systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259578.v1
title: Performance measurement of the water distribution systems of the Brazilian Agreste region

description: Abstract According to the 2018 report produced by the National Sanitation Information System (hereby referred to by its Brazilian acronym SNIS), 40% of the total amount of water treated by state water utilities in 2016 was lost during its distribution, either through real losses or due to apparent losses. In addition to water, other types of loss are incurred in, such as financial resources and labour, moreover, the financial resources associated with these losses could otherwise be invested in improvements of the companies’ systems. This study aims to evaluate the performance of state water utilities in controlling and reducing water loss in supply systems based on the SNIS indicators in municipalities of the Brazilian Agreste. The methodology was based on descriptive statistics. Therefore, the adopted values of the operational indicators in each municipality were compared with reference values in order to analyse the efficiency of water supply systems and to establish a benchmark for the region. The best results were from Embasa (Bahia), while the worst performing state was Sergipe. The study provides useful information to managers of state companies when prioritising investments to improve inefficient systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259455
title: Microdrainge design flow in ungaged basins: Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

description: Abstract The design of urban drainage facilities is normally based on intense rainfall data. This data is usually obtained through the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships or, when they are unavailable, by means of simplified methodologies such as nested intensities, isozones, or synthetic methods such as those proposed by Bell (1969) and Chen (1983). This paper presents an analysis of the applicability of Bell’s (1969) method, with a modification proposed by Back (2009), to estimate intense rainfall in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, and its use in microdrainage design. The results show what the modified Bell methodology is able to correctly estimate intense rainfall and flows (estimated by the rational formula) with a duration lower than 2 hours, where average variations were close to 10%. The exceptions were in Espumoso and Santa Vitória do Palmar, where the variation was over 15%, which makes the methodology an adequate option for the design of microdrainage facilities when IDFs are unavailable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259455.v1
title: Microdrainge design flow in ungaged basins: Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

description: Abstract The design of urban drainage facilities is normally based on intense rainfall data. This data is usually obtained through the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) relationships or, when they are unavailable, by means of simplified methodologies such as nested intensities, isozones, or synthetic methods such as those proposed by Bell (1969) and Chen (1983). This paper presents an analysis of the applicability of Bell’s (1969) method, with a modification proposed by Back (2009), to estimate intense rainfall in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, and its use in microdrainage design. The results show what the modified Bell methodology is able to correctly estimate intense rainfall and flows (estimated by the rational formula) with a duration lower than 2 hours, where average variations were close to 10%. The exceptions were in Espumoso and Santa Vitória do Palmar, where the variation was over 15%, which makes the methodology an adequate option for the design of microdrainage facilities when IDFs are unavailable.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6624037
title: Tineola bisselliella decontaminated gx

description: .
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6624036
title: Tineola bisselliella decontaminated gx

description: .
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8259845
title: Aesthetic evaluations of interfaces with different levels of permeability and proximity to public open spaces

description: Abstract The aim of this paper is to carry out aesthetic evaluations of interfaces with different levels of permeability and proximity to public open spaces, by three groups with different levels and types of educational background, namely: architects, non-architects college graduates and non college graduates. These urban interfaces are characterised by: buildings inside the blocks with no direct relationship with the street; buildings on the block perimeter with doors and windows facing the street; buildings with blind walls facing the street; gated condominium walls facing the street; gated condominiums' green walls facing the street; and garage doors facing the street. Data gathering means include questionnaires filled out by the three groups of respondents in the LimeSurvey software made available on the Internet. Non-parametric statistical tests such as Kruskal-Wallis and Kendal were used to analyse the data. The main results show, for example, that buildings with blind walls, gated condominium walls and buildings with garage doors facing the streets tend to produce negative aesthetic evaluations, while the opposite tends to occur with buildings on the block perimeter with doors and windows facing the street.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027342
title: Study on the factors of delay in construction works

description: Abstract The delay in civil construction works is observed globally and affects the economy of countries. Therefore, identifying the causes of delays is of paramount importance to minimize their consequences. This paper aims at identifying the causes of delay in construction works and their analysis and existing correlations through statistical factor analysis. The research methodology included a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), a Survey Research through questionnaires and interviews was conducted, as well as the identification of the main causes of delay through the Relative Importance Index (RIL) and the ABC Curve. Finally, factor analysis of the causes of delay was performed, not limiting only to their identification. The results showed that the 12 identified causes are correlated to 4 delay factors, which account for 69.18% of the sample variance: supply management (21.41%); workforce management (20,79%); project management (17.64%) and management of climatic conditions (9.34%). It is concluded hereby that the delay factors mentioned herein can be considered management deficiencies in the projects and that the research has expanded the knowledge on construction delays, thus contributing to the frontier of knowledge to mitigate this problem in several countries, especially developing ones.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027342.v1
title: Study on the factors of delay in construction works

description: Abstract The delay in civil construction works is observed globally and affects the economy of countries. Therefore, identifying the causes of delays is of paramount importance to minimize their consequences. This paper aims at identifying the causes of delay in construction works and their analysis and existing correlations through statistical factor analysis. The research methodology included a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), a Survey Research through questionnaires and interviews was conducted, as well as the identification of the main causes of delay through the Relative Importance Index (RIL) and the ABC Curve. Finally, factor analysis of the causes of delay was performed, not limiting only to their identification. The results showed that the 12 identified causes are correlated to 4 delay factors, which account for 69.18% of the sample variance: supply management (21.41%); workforce management (20,79%); project management (17.64%) and management of climatic conditions (9.34%). It is concluded hereby that the delay factors mentioned herein can be considered management deficiencies in the projects and that the research has expanded the knowledge on construction delays, thus contributing to the frontier of knowledge to mitigate this problem in several countries, especially developing ones.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027340
title: Environmental performance analysis for the construction phase of building projects by using the indicators recommended by PBQP-H

description: Abstract The construction industry uses certain performance indicators to monitor the impacts generated by their associated activities. However, the strict determination of these indicators cannot enhance the performance of a company, and certain benchmarks must be established to guide the goals and evaluate the performance of the companies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the scenario and evolution of the environmental performance of the construction phase of building projects by using the indicators recommended by the Brazilian Program for Quality and Productivity in Habitat (PBQP-H) and to establish benchmarks for these indicators. The research strategy adopted in this study corresponded to a survey with 186 building projects. The results involved environmental performance scenario of the building sector in different scopes. The main contribution of this study is the establishment of a set of parameters and benchmarks that can help enhance the performance of the building construction sector. As practical implication, the presented analysis and trends may provide guidance to governments and sectoral initiatives to formulate public policies to enhance the environmental performance of the sector.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027340.v1
title: Environmental performance analysis for the construction phase of building projects by using the indicators recommended by PBQP-H

description: Abstract The construction industry uses certain performance indicators to monitor the impacts generated by their associated activities. However, the strict determination of these indicators cannot enhance the performance of a company, and certain benchmarks must be established to guide the goals and evaluate the performance of the companies. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the scenario and evolution of the environmental performance of the construction phase of building projects by using the indicators recommended by the Brazilian Program for Quality and Productivity in Habitat (PBQP-H) and to establish benchmarks for these indicators. The research strategy adopted in this study corresponded to a survey with 186 building projects. The results involved environmental performance scenario of the building sector in different scopes. The main contribution of this study is the establishment of a set of parameters and benchmarks that can help enhance the performance of the building construction sector. As practical implication, the presented analysis and trends may provide guidance to governments and sectoral initiatives to formulate public policies to enhance the environmental performance of the sector.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027343
title: Complexity, urban scaling laws and losses in the distribution of potable water: an analysis in southern Brazilian cities

description: Abstract The drinking water supply to urban populations suffers losses caused by leaks, theft and unauthorised use. This by-product of urbanisation is disproportionately greater in large cities, suggesting that it derives from complex socio-technical mechanisms, with apparently unpredictable behaviours as populations and social activities increase. With the purpose of verifying this hypothesis and seek for quantitative regularities between city size, the size of the utilities and the amount of losses, we analysed a network of municipalities in southern Brazil from the perspective of the "New Science of Cities”, using simple statistical techniques. We found highly hierarchical distributions, typical of natural complex systems, as well as non-linear scaling regimes between the cities’ population and the selected indicators: exponent &lt;1 for the water distribution system variables (network extension, households connected, and volume produced) and &gt; 1 for the volume of losses. Water losses, consistently presented higher per capita volumes as the population increased, with “increasing returns” comparable to products of social activity such as university degrees or bank deposits. The study presents a complementary approach to the problem, suggesting a certain degree of predictability of the losses at a regional level that can inform policy-making and support better decisions regarding the supply of drinking water in Brazilian cities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027343.v1
title: Complexity, urban scaling laws and losses in the distribution of potable water: an analysis in southern Brazilian cities

description: Abstract The drinking water supply to urban populations suffers losses caused by leaks, theft and unauthorised use. This by-product of urbanisation is disproportionately greater in large cities, suggesting that it derives from complex socio-technical mechanisms, with apparently unpredictable behaviours as populations and social activities increase. With the purpose of verifying this hypothesis and seek for quantitative regularities between city size, the size of the utilities and the amount of losses, we analysed a network of municipalities in southern Brazil from the perspective of the "New Science of Cities”, using simple statistical techniques. We found highly hierarchical distributions, typical of natural complex systems, as well as non-linear scaling regimes between the cities’ population and the selected indicators: exponent &lt;1 for the water distribution system variables (network extension, households connected, and volume produced) and &gt; 1 for the volume of losses. Water losses, consistently presented higher per capita volumes as the population increased, with “increasing returns” comparable to products of social activity such as university degrees or bank deposits. The study presents a complementary approach to the problem, suggesting a certain degree of predictability of the losses at a regional level that can inform policy-making and support better decisions regarding the supply of drinking water in Brazilian cities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027345
title: Statistical model proposal for ranking the results of customer satisfaction surveys

description: Abstract Meeting customer requirements is crucial for any company or industry, since delivering to customers the products they need or desire is their reason for existing. In housing projects, understanding those requirements and translating them into design attributes is a way to achieve customer satisfaction and ensure a competitive edge to the company. In order to do that, different methods focused on the qualitative aspects have been used. However, those methods have proven to be limited with regards to ensuring the quality of building products. With the purpose of proposing a method to build a hierarchy of the requisites resulting from customer satisfaction surveys, based on quantitative aspects, this study analysed a databank formed by customer satisfaction surveys in housing developments with different economic standards. The study applied measures of central tendency and dispersion, reliability tests by means of the Cronbach's Alpha and factor analysis. The results show that the main tool to help meeting the aims is factor analysis, with the constructive aspects related to size, quality, functionality and comfort more likely to provide satisfaction to customers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20027345.v1
title: Statistical model proposal for ranking the results of customer satisfaction surveys

description: Abstract Meeting customer requirements is crucial for any company or industry, since delivering to customers the products they need or desire is their reason for existing. In housing projects, understanding those requirements and translating them into design attributes is a way to achieve customer satisfaction and ensure a competitive edge to the company. In order to do that, different methods focused on the qualitative aspects have been used. However, those methods have proven to be limited with regards to ensuring the quality of building products. With the purpose of proposing a method to build a hierarchy of the requisites resulting from customer satisfaction surveys, based on quantitative aspects, this study analysed a databank formed by customer satisfaction surveys in housing developments with different economic standards. The study applied measures of central tendency and dispersion, reliability tests by means of the Cronbach's Alpha and factor analysis. The results show that the main tool to help meeting the aims is factor analysis, with the constructive aspects related to size, quality, functionality and comfort more likely to provide satisfaction to customers.