cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220716
title: Evolution of droplet size in nonaqueous emulsions using time-resolved, time-of-flight SESANS

description: Emulsions consist of two immiscible fluids (most often water and oil), where one can be dispersed in the other. In addition to mixing water and oil, there is considerable interest in understanding emulsification of immiscible nonaqueous fluids (oil-in-oil emulsions), which have many applications. Techniques that can measure the droplet size over relevant length scales are required. Spin-echo SANS (SESANS) is a scattering technique suited for this purpose, due to its sensitivity to large (µm) length scales and its tolerance of large amounts of scattering. In this experiment, time-resolved measurements will be performed that will reveal the evolution of the particle size of nonaqueous emulsion droplets, using time-of-flight SESANS, a technique available on the Larmor instrument at ISIS that can measure scattering over a wide range of length scales simultaneously.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220716-2
title: Evolution of droplet size in nonaqueous emulsions using time-resolved, time-of-flight SESANS

description: Emulsions consist of two immiscible fluids (most often water and oil), where one can be dispersed in the other. In addition to mixing water and oil, there is considerable interest in understanding emulsification of immiscible nonaqueous fluids (oil-in-oil emulsions), which have many applications. Techniques that can measure the droplet size over relevant length scales are required. Spin-echo SANS (SESANS) is a scattering technique suited for this purpose, due to its sensitivity to large (µm) length scales and its tolerance of large amounts of scattering. In this experiment, time-resolved measurements will be performed that will reveal the evolution of the particle size of nonaqueous emulsion droplets, using time-of-flight SESANS, a technique available on the Larmor instrument at ISIS that can measure scattering over a wide range of length scales simultaneously.
DOI: 10.3535/rpv-6p8-jg9
title: Veronica syriaca Roem. & Schult.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/wq0-pp3-x5v
title: Medicago lupulina L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220145
title: NR Study of Membrane Disruptions by Rationally Designed Cationic Lipopeptides with Short Peptide Sequences

description: A group of designed lipopeptides with only 4 amino acids have displayed large differences in high antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli and high biocompatibility to host cells, as well as in secondary structures upon membrane binding. Neutron reflection is about the only method that could help reveal how these lipopeptides attack inner and outer bacterial membranes from the established membrane models for Gram-negative bacteria, whilst displaying sufficient biocompatibility to host cell membranes. This work is part of PhD research by Tianhao Ge and constitutes an important aspect of our design and development of effective antimicrobial peptides. We request 3 days of INTER time for this study. INTER is preferred for greater structural resolution, wider Q range and also selective runs to establish if any time-dependent binding and structural changes within the timescale of 10 to 60 min.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220145-1
title: NR Study of Membrane Disruptions by Rationally Designed Cationic Lipopeptides with Short Peptide Sequences

description: A group of designed lipopeptides with only 4 amino acids have displayed large differences in high antimicrobial efficacy against E. coli and high biocompatibility to host cells, as well as in secondary structures upon membrane binding. Neutron reflection is about the only method that could help reveal how these lipopeptides attack inner and outer bacterial membranes from the established membrane models for Gram-negative bacteria, whilst displaying sufficient biocompatibility to host cell membranes. This work is part of PhD research by Tianhao Ge and constitutes an important aspect of our design and development of effective antimicrobial peptides. We request 3 days of INTER time for this study. INTER is preferred for greater structural resolution, wider Q range and also selective runs to establish if any time-dependent binding and structural changes within the timescale of 10 to 60 min.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220274-1
title: Elucidating the structure of DNA linkers tethered to electrode surfaces

description: In surface-grown biofilms, bacteria are surrounded by an extracellular matrix (ECM) comprising sugars, proteins and DNA. The mechanisms of extracellular electron transport through the ECM remain largely unknown, but it has recently been suggested that DNA may play a key role. However, the conductivity of DNA is thought to depend strongly on its structure. In the ECM, DNA mostly exists as bundles of folded DNA called G-quadruplexes (‘GQ-DNA’). We recently completed a neutron reflectometry experiment at ISIS where we were able to monitor the structure of tethered DNA fragments on a gold electrode surface in situ as the potential was varied. Here, we wish to extend this method to these highly relevant GQ-DNA systems, to understand how structural changes relate to their electron-transport abilities, and to characterise formation of multilayered networks at the electrode surface.
DOI: 10.3535/dk3-nkx-wmn
title: Pentanema salicinum (L.) D. Gut. Larr., Santos-Vicente, Anderb., E. Rico & M. M. Mart. Ort.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/qsm-syg-y4k
title: Calamagrostis canescens (Weber) Roth

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220274
title: Elucidating the structure of DNA linkers tethered to electrode surfaces

description: In surface-grown biofilms, bacteria are surrounded by an extracellular matrix (ECM) comprising sugars, proteins and DNA. The mechanisms of extracellular electron transport through the ECM remain largely unknown, but it has recently been suggested that DNA may play a key role. However, the conductivity of DNA is thought to depend strongly on its structure. In the ECM, DNA mostly exists as bundles of folded DNA called G-quadruplexes (‘GQ-DNA’). We recently completed a neutron reflectometry experiment at ISIS where we were able to monitor the structure of tethered DNA fragments on a gold electrode surface in situ as the potential was varied. Here, we wish to extend this method to these highly relevant GQ-DNA systems, to understand how structural changes relate to their electron-transport abilities, and to characterise formation of multilayered networks at the electrode surface.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220767
title: Lithium diffusion in the solid-state electrolyte Li5+xLa3Nb2-xZrxO12

description: The development of cheap, efficient, and safe batteries is a key objective in the wider societal quest to build a green future. A promising technology in this regard is the lithium solid-state battery, where electrical current is made to flow by the migration of lithium ions through a material called an electrolyte. The use of a solid electrolyte confers the possible benefits of a higher energy storage capacity and stability over current battery technology, which uses liquid electrolytes. In the proposed study, we aim to investigate the atomic-scale motions of the lithium ions in one candidate solid-state electrolyte material, Li5+xLa3Nb2-xZrxO12. This will both provide important information on how lithium migrates through the material, and help to improve future computer simulations of similar processes.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220767-1
title: Lithium diffusion in the solid-state electrolyte Li5+xLa3Nb2-xZrxO12

description: The development of cheap, efficient, and safe batteries is a key objective in the wider societal quest to build a green future. A promising technology in this regard is the lithium solid-state battery, where electrical current is made to flow by the migration of lithium ions through a material called an electrolyte. The use of a solid electrolyte confers the possible benefits of a higher energy storage capacity and stability over current battery technology, which uses liquid electrolytes. In the proposed study, we aim to investigate the atomic-scale motions of the lithium ions in one candidate solid-state electrolyte material, Li5+xLa3Nb2-xZrxO12. This will both provide important information on how lithium migrates through the material, and help to improve future computer simulations of similar processes.
DOI: 10.3535/3t0-s79-xm8
title: Trifolium bullatum Boiss. & Hausskn.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/4hj-7gm-lxa
title: Potentilla sterilis (L.) Garcke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220015-1
title: Investigation of the excitation spectrum of the kagome-lattice antiferromagnet Nd3BWO9

description: The understanding of the physics of spin liquids is one of the key outstanding problems in quantum magnetism. From an experimental perspective, the lack of suitable candidate materials for this intriguing state hampers further development in the field. We propose the investigation of a promising newly discovered material, Nd3BWO9, where existing studies support the existence of a proximate spin-liquid state. We aim to obtain solid experimental proof of the existence of fractionalized excitations in this system at zero magnetic field, a signature of spin liquid ground states. Comparing the excitation spectrum at zero field and in a saturating high field will bring forward proof of the existence of the long-sought spin-liquid physics.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220413
title: Chiral magnetism in heavy rare-earth stannide Tb3Sn7

description: Chiral magnetic structures are at the focus of attention from varied fields, both fundamental and applied. One example is the skyrmion lattice, which is a regular array of hedgehog-like swirls of magnetic moments. These swirls can be moved by electrical fields and can potentially be used as bits in future data storage devices. We have obtained preliminary evidence that a compound of the rare-earth metal terbium and tin, Tb3Sn7, may potentially host a chiral magnetic phase at low temperatures. We thus propose to perform powder neutron diffraction experiments at WISH to determine what the magnetic structure of Tb3Sn7 is at low temperatures, i.e. how the magnetic moments are located and ordered within the material; and whether it is chiral.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220413-1
title: Chiral magnetism in heavy rare-earth stannide Tb3Sn7

description: Chiral magnetic structures are at the focus of attention from varied fields, both fundamental and applied. One example is the skyrmion lattice, which is a regular array of hedgehog-like swirls of magnetic moments. These swirls can be moved by electrical fields and can potentially be used as bits in future data storage devices. We have obtained preliminary evidence that a compound of the rare-earth metal terbium and tin, Tb3Sn7, may potentially host a chiral magnetic phase at low temperatures. We thus propose to perform powder neutron diffraction experiments at WISH to determine what the magnetic structure of Tb3Sn7 is at low temperatures, i.e. how the magnetic moments are located and ordered within the material; and whether it is chiral.
DOI: 10.3535/hkf-q7l-v3f
title: Trifolium haussknechtii Boiss.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220015
title: Investigation of the excitation spectrum of the kagome-lattice antiferromagnet Nd3BWO9

description: The understanding of the physics of spin liquids is one of the key outstanding problems in quantum magnetism. From an experimental perspective, the lack of suitable candidate materials for this intriguing state hampers further development in the field. We propose the investigation of a promising newly discovered material, Nd3BWO9, where existing studies support the existence of a proximate spin-liquid state. We aim to obtain solid experimental proof of the existence of fractionalized excitations in this system at zero magnetic field, a signature of spin liquid ground states. Comparing the excitation spectrum at zero field and in a saturating high field will bring forward proof of the existence of the long-sought spin-liquid physics.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220601
title: Optimising Tempering Precipitation in Castable Nanostructured Alloys for Nuclear Fusion Applications

description: The experiment aims to characterise fully the particle populations of a family of next-generation structural steels for use in the breeder blankets of fusion reactors. The alloys, Castable Nanostructured Alloys (CNAs), use advanced thermo-mechanical processing techniques to create a dense particle dispersion of nanoscale carbide and/or nitride [MX and M23C6] precipitates. These greatly increase the alloys’ high-temperature strength and creep resistance while improving their radiation damage tolerance, potentially enabling significantly enhanced reactor operation and lifetime. The nanoparticle size distributions of various CNAs will be determined by Small Angle Neutron Scattering linked to their compositions and thermomechanical processing parameters. As the particle distribution governs material behaviour, the CNAs can be optimised advancing the technology readiness of fusion reactors.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220601-1
title: Optimising Tempering Precipitation in Castable Nanostructured Alloys for Nuclear Fusion Applications

description: The experiment aims to characterise fully the particle populations of a family of next-generation structural steels for use in the breeder blankets of fusion reactors. The alloys, Castable Nanostructured Alloys (CNAs), use advanced thermo-mechanical processing techniques to create a dense particle dispersion of nanoscale carbide and/or nitride [MX and M23C6] precipitates. These greatly increase the alloys’ high-temperature strength and creep resistance while improving their radiation damage tolerance, potentially enabling significantly enhanced reactor operation and lifetime. The nanoparticle size distributions of various CNAs will be determined by Small Angle Neutron Scattering linked to their compositions and thermomechanical processing parameters. As the particle distribution governs material behaviour, the CNAs can be optimised advancing the technology readiness of fusion reactors.
DOI: 10.3535/g7t-c91-0eg
title: Pulicaria dysenterica (L.) Bernh.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/h8x-mxs-ehf
title: Dianthus carthusianorum subsp. carthusianorum

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2210358
title: Magnetic field and temperature dependent phase changes in the Y-type hexaferrite BSMFO with x=1.6 using SANSPOL

description: The microscopic origin of the giant magnetoelectric (ME) effect in multiferroic, single crystalline Ba2-xSrxMg2Fe12O22 with x=1.6 shall be investigated by half-polarized Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANSPOL). At applied magnetic fields above 4T, previous SANSPOL measurements have shown an additional, so-far unknown magnetic phase that is sensitive to the incoming neutron polarization. A relationship between this emergent magnetic phase and the giant ME effect shall be carefully mapped out by field- and temperature-dependent SANSPOL measurements at ZOOM. Additionally, also the lower field values of 0-4T shall be investigated by SANSPOL to directly probe the spin cone symmetry of the magnetic phases underlying the giant ME effect.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2210358-1
title: Magnetic field and temperature dependent phase changes in the Y-type hexaferrite BSMFO with x=1.6 using SANSPOL

description: The microscopic origin of the giant magnetoelectric (ME) effect in multiferroic, single crystalline Ba2-xSrxMg2Fe12O22 with x=1.6 shall be investigated by half-polarized Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANSPOL). At applied magnetic fields above 4T, previous SANSPOL measurements have shown an additional, so-far unknown magnetic phase that is sensitive to the incoming neutron polarization. A relationship between this emergent magnetic phase and the giant ME effect shall be carefully mapped out by field- and temperature-dependent SANSPOL measurements at ZOOM. Additionally, also the lower field values of 0-4T shall be investigated by SANSPOL to directly probe the spin cone symmetry of the magnetic phases underlying the giant ME effect.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2210378-2
title: Dynamic imaging of twin formation in NiMnGa based magnetic shapememory alloys under cyclic magnetic field.

description: Magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMA) are a unique class of material which produce huge elongation (up to 6%) upon the application of a magnetic field. This combined with their fast response makes them ideal for actuator applications. They achieve these unique properties through a deformation mechanism called twinning. Twinning is an important phenomenon which is widespread in metals and alloys. Because of the high speed of twinning these are often studied after the phenomenon has occurred. We are proposing a new stroboscopic imaging method to directly view the twinning phenomenon in magnetic shape memory alloys while the material undergoes twinning in a cyclic way. In a first of its kind experiment, we will be using a custom made rig to apply a cyclic magnetic field while synchronously collecting 4D neutron data to elucidate the dynamic nature of the twinning phenomenon.
DOI: 10.3535/4zh-vck-rkw
title: Solidago virgaurea subsp. minuta (L.) Arcang.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/hlr-fk5-rnl
title: Carduus personata subsp. personata

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220515
title: Structural and magnetic quality of epitaxial spinel ferrite thin films grown by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition

description: Spinel ferrite thin films have a potential to establish room-temperature spin-filtering, which has practical applications in emerging logic, memory, and sensor devices. The real-life device applications require fabrication processes that are compatible with large-scale manufacturing and microelectronics processing conditions. To address this need, we have developed a plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (ALD) methodology for high-quality epitaxial Ni- and Co ferrite thin films ((Ni,Co)Fe2O4) with room-temperature ferrimagnetic properties. We will use polarised neutron reflectometry (PNR) to measure the magnetisation profile of these films, and investigate their magnetic uniformity and presence of dead layers at the film/substrate interface or film surface. This information in critical for the future steps of film integration in CMOS-based spin filter devices.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220515-1
title: Structural and magnetic quality of epitaxial spinel ferrite thin films grown by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition

description: Spinel ferrite thin films have a potential to establish room-temperature spin-filtering, which has practical applications in emerging logic, memory, and sensor devices. The real-life device applications require fabrication processes that are compatible with large-scale manufacturing and microelectronics processing conditions. To address this need, we have developed a plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (ALD) methodology for high-quality epitaxial Ni- and Co ferrite thin films ((Ni,Co)Fe2O4) with room-temperature ferrimagnetic properties. We will use polarised neutron reflectometry (PNR) to measure the magnetisation profile of these films, and investigate their magnetic uniformity and presence of dead layers at the film/substrate interface or film surface. This information in critical for the future steps of film integration in CMOS-based spin filter devices.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220667-1
title: Exploration of solvent ordering in liquid and glassy di-methylsulphoxide (DMSO) solutions.

description: Nanoparticle dispersions in liquids have many technical applications, including embedding active nanoparticles in coatings and functional membranes. Carbon nitride materials with polymeric or graphitic structures are one group or materials that form such dispersions easily and there is, accordingly, interest in understanding the underlying factors that govern the carbon nitride solubility and solution properties. Preliminary studies have shown that there are dramatic changes in the structure of dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) as the graphitic carbon nitride, polytriazine imide (PTI) is added, with solvent ordering that persists to radial distances in excess of 15 Angstroms. In this proposal we will use neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution to study solutions of PTI in DMSO to evaluate solvent ordering as a function of concentration, temperature, and solvent composition.
DOI: 10.3535/9d7-8zq-cyy
title: Doronicum grandiflorum Lam.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/axs-px2-5wp
title: Reynoutria × bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220535-1
title: Study of possible quantum Dirac string in Nd2Zr2O7 in the (001) fields

description: Magnetic pyrochlore compounds display various fascinating physical phenomena due to geometrical frustration on the network of corner-sharing tetrahedra in the crystal structure. The classical spin ice state with macroscopic degeneracy and monopole-like excitations connected by Dirac strings are probably the most striking which was observed in (Ho/Dy)2Ti2O7. Classical spin ice (CSI) can be melted by quantum fluctuations introduced by terms transverse to the Ising axes in the spin Hamiltonian [3]. A magnetic field along the (001) direction polarized the spin ice state and aligns the Dirac string along the field direction. Here we propose to measure the excitations of the polarized quantum spin ice state in Nd2Zr2O7 in (001) field which could be propagating quantum Dirac strings.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2220667
title: Exploration of solvent ordering in liquid and glassy di-methylsulphoxide (DMSO) solutions.

description: Nanoparticle dispersions in liquids have many technical applications, including embedding active nanoparticles in coatings and functional membranes. Carbon nitride materials with polymeric or graphitic structures are one group or materials that form such dispersions easily and there is, accordingly, interest in understanding the underlying factors that govern the carbon nitride solubility and solution properties. Preliminary studies have shown that there are dramatic changes in the structure of dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) as the graphitic carbon nitride, polytriazine imide (PTI) is added, with solvent ordering that persists to radial distances in excess of 15 Angstroms. In this proposal we will use neutron diffraction with isotopic substitution to study solutions of PTI in DMSO to evaluate solvent ordering as a function of concentration, temperature, and solvent composition.
DOI: 10.3535/aff-vm1-6xf
title: Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.