cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123224
title: Supplementary Material for: Tracking Cognitive Change over 24 Weeks with Longitudinal Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Alzheimer’s Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Previous studies have revealed that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in specific brain regions correlates with cross-sectional performance on standardized clinical trial measures in Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, the relationship between longitudinal change in fMRI-BOLD signal and neuropsychological performance remains unknown. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To identify changes in regional fMRI-BOLD activity that tracks change in neuropsychological performance in mild AD dementia over 6 months. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty-four subjects (mean age 71.6) with mild AD dementia (mean Mini Mental State Examination 21.7, Global Clinical Dementia Rating 1.0) on stable donepezil dosing participated in two task-related fMRI sessions consisting of a face-name paired associative encoding memory paradigm 24 weeks apart during a randomized placebo-controlled pharmaco-fMRI drug study. Regression analysis was used to identify regions where the change in fMRI activity for Novel &gt; Repeated stimulus contrast was associated with the change scores on postscan memory tests and the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Correlations between changes in postscan memory accuracy and changes in fMRI activity were observed in regions including the angular gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and cerebellum. Correlations between changes in FCSRT-free recall and changes in fMRI were observed in regions including the inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Changes in encoding-related fMRI activity in regions implicated in mnemonic networks correlated with changes in psychometric measures of episodic memory retrieval performed outside the scanner. These exploratory results support the potential of fMRI activity to track cognitive change and detect signals of short-term pharmacologic effect in early-phase AD studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123227
title: Supplementary Material for: Frequency and Determinants of Using Pharmacological Enhancement in the Clinical Practice of In-Hospital Stroke Rehabilitation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Pharmacological enhancement in stroke rehabilitation (PESR) is promising. Data about its use in clinical practice are missing. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a prospective, explorative study of four rehabilitation centers, we systematically observed the frequency and determinants of using PESR in consecutive patients. PESR was defined as using agents potentially enhancing post-stroke recovery exclusively to aid rehabilitation without an established indication. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 257 (55.4%) of 464 patients had agents potentially enhancing recovery. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) (n = 125, 26.9%), levodopa (n = 114, 24.6%), serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) (n = 52, 11.2%), and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (n = 48, 10.3%) were used most often. SSRI in 102/125 patients and SNRI in 46/52 patients were mostly used for accompanying depressive symptoms. 159 (34.3%) patients had PESR (without an otherwise established indication). In PESR patients, levodopa (n = 102, 64.1%) was used most commonly. PESR was primarily used for aphasia (36.5%) and paresis (25.2%). PESR patients did not differ from non-PESR patients in age, gender and stroke type. However, the utilization rates of PESR differed significantly across centers (2, 4, 38 and 55%). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> SSRI and SNRI were predominately used for accompanying depression, while levodopa was nearly exclusively used to aid stroke rehabilitation in the absence of an otherwise established indication. The differences in utilization rates for PESR between centers suggest therapeutic uncertainty and indicate the need for additional studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123212
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of Statin Use and Lipid Profile on Symptomatic Intracerebral Haemorrhage, Outcome and Mortality after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Stroke

description: <i>Background:</i> It is unclear if a certain lipid profile and/or statin use contribute to symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH), poor outcome or mortality after intravenous thrombolysis for ischaemic stroke. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of statin use and lipid profile on sICH, outcome and mortality following thrombolysis in acute stroke. <i>Methods:</i> From 2001 to 2010, all patients admitted to our hospital and undergoing intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke were included into an open, prospective database. Initial stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Demographics, vascular risk factors, admission blood pressure, glucose levels, previous medication including statin use, lipid profiles including low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride levels were recorded. Outcome measures included sICH according to the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II criteria, modified Rankin scale and mortality at 3 months. <i>Results:</i> 1,066 patients were included in the analysis; 5.3% (57 patients) had sICH. Mortality at 3 months was 17.6% (188 patients). A favourable outcome (modified Rankin scale 0–1) at 3 months was attained by 35.6% (379 patients). Prior statin use was not associated with increased odds for sICH (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.55–2.04, p = 0.864), mortality (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.90–1.93, p = 0.152) or favourable outcome (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.65–1.24, p = 0.507). Similar results were found for the different lipid variables: high LDL (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.36–2.60, p = 0.942), high triglyceride (OR 1.74, 95% CI 0.84–3.56, p = 0.132) and low HDL (OR 1.78, 95% CI 0.68–4.65, p = 0.279) were not associated with increased odds for sICH. Likewise, neither mortality nor functional outcome at 3 months was significantly associated with any of the lipid variables in the univariable analysis following Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. The same results were found in the multivariable analysis adjusting for imbalances in baseline characteristics. <i>Conclusions:</i> In contrast to previous studies, we found that in stroke patients receiving thrombolysis therapy, neither the lipid profile nor prior statin use were associated with increased odds for sICH, functional outcome or mortality at 3 months.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123218
title: Supplementary Material for: On the Origin of Oscillopsia during Pedunculopontine Stimulation

description: We report a case of induced oscillopsia caused by deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). Recent reports have described involuntary oscillopsia during DBS of the PPN that patients have described as <i>trembling vision</i>. Here we substantiate this observation using infra-red eye tracking. It has been suggested that this phenomenon might be used as an indicator of accurate targeting of the PPN with DBS. Our observations suggest that this phenomenon may not be related to a constricted anatomical structure and therefore such practise may be unwise. Scrutiny has led us to believe that the oscillopsia in our patient is not caused by direct stimulation of the oculomotor nerve as suggested in a previous report, but by stimulation of fibres in the uncinate fasciculus of the cerebellum and the superior cerebellar peduncle, which in turn stimulate the saccadic pre-motor neurones in the brainstem.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123227.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Frequency and Determinants of Using Pharmacological Enhancement in the Clinical Practice of In-Hospital Stroke Rehabilitation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Pharmacological enhancement in stroke rehabilitation (PESR) is promising. Data about its use in clinical practice are missing. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a prospective, explorative study of four rehabilitation centers, we systematically observed the frequency and determinants of using PESR in consecutive patients. PESR was defined as using agents potentially enhancing post-stroke recovery exclusively to aid rehabilitation without an established indication. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 257 (55.4%) of 464 patients had agents potentially enhancing recovery. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) (n = 125, 26.9%), levodopa (n = 114, 24.6%), serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) (n = 52, 11.2%), and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (n = 48, 10.3%) were used most often. SSRI in 102/125 patients and SNRI in 46/52 patients were mostly used for accompanying depressive symptoms. 159 (34.3%) patients had PESR (without an otherwise established indication). In PESR patients, levodopa (n = 102, 64.1%) was used most commonly. PESR was primarily used for aphasia (36.5%) and paresis (25.2%). PESR patients did not differ from non-PESR patients in age, gender and stroke type. However, the utilization rates of PESR differed significantly across centers (2, 4, 38 and 55%). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> SSRI and SNRI were predominately used for accompanying depression, while levodopa was nearly exclusively used to aid stroke rehabilitation in the absence of an otherwise established indication. The differences in utilization rates for PESR between centers suggest therapeutic uncertainty and indicate the need for additional studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123206
title: Supplementary Material for: Kompetenzerwartungen in der Ausbildung Psychologischer Psychotherapeuten und Kinder- und Jugendtherapeuten in der Verhaltenstherapie

description: Hintergrund: Die Psychotherapieausbildung wird mehr und mehr zum Gegenstand empirischer Forschung. In Deutschland hat sich die Psychotherapeutenausbildung nach Inkrafttreten des Psychotherapeutengesetzes erheblich verändert. In Bezug auf die neuen Ausbildungsgänge beginnt nun die Phase der empirischen Evaluation. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, zu dieser Entwicklung im Hinblick auf die Ausbildung in der Verhaltenstherapie (VT) beizutragen. Methode: Eine Stichprobe von n = 2106 Ausbildungskandidaten in VT konnte mit einem Fragebogen zu Ausbildungsbedingungen, Ausbildungserfahrungen und subjektiven Kompetenzerwartungen in Bezug auf psychotherapeutische Kompetenzen befragt werden. Der Fragebogen wurde in Anlehnung an Instrumente zum Hochschulranking in einem mehrstufigen Prozess entwickelt. Durch hierarchische, mehrfach lineare Regressionsanalysen wurde versucht, 5 psychotherapeutische Kompetenzbereiche durch soziodemografische, ausbildungsbezogene und institutionsstrukturelle Prädiktoren vorherzusagen. Ergebnisse: Insgesamt war die erklärte Varianz gering. Ein als angemessen beurteiltes Aufwand/Nutzen-Verhältnis bei der Ausbildung und die persönliche Unterstützung durch einen kompetenten Supervisor konnten jedoch in allen untersuchten Kompetenzbereichen signifikant zur Erklärung der Varianz beitragen. Schlussfolgerungen: Um unterschiedliche Bedürfnisse von Ausbildungskandidaten zu berücksichtigen, sollten unterschiedliche Ausbildungsangebote gemacht werden. Persönliche Unterstützung in der Supervision durch einen erfahrenen Kollegen ist wesentlich für die Entwicklung einer positiven professionellen Kompetenzerwartung.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123212.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of Statin Use and Lipid Profile on Symptomatic Intracerebral Haemorrhage, Outcome and Mortality after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Stroke

description: <i>Background:</i> It is unclear if a certain lipid profile and/or statin use contribute to symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH), poor outcome or mortality after intravenous thrombolysis for ischaemic stroke. The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of statin use and lipid profile on sICH, outcome and mortality following thrombolysis in acute stroke. <i>Methods:</i> From 2001 to 2010, all patients admitted to our hospital and undergoing intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke were included into an open, prospective database. Initial stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale. Demographics, vascular risk factors, admission blood pressure, glucose levels, previous medication including statin use, lipid profiles including low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride levels were recorded. Outcome measures included sICH according to the European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study II criteria, modified Rankin scale and mortality at 3 months. <i>Results:</i> 1,066 patients were included in the analysis; 5.3% (57 patients) had sICH. Mortality at 3 months was 17.6% (188 patients). A favourable outcome (modified Rankin scale 0–1) at 3 months was attained by 35.6% (379 patients). Prior statin use was not associated with increased odds for sICH (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.55–2.04, p = 0.864), mortality (OR 1.32, 95% CI 0.90–1.93, p = 0.152) or favourable outcome (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.65–1.24, p = 0.507). Similar results were found for the different lipid variables: high LDL (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.36–2.60, p = 0.942), high triglyceride (OR 1.74, 95% CI 0.84–3.56, p = 0.132) and low HDL (OR 1.78, 95% CI 0.68–4.65, p = 0.279) were not associated with increased odds for sICH. Likewise, neither mortality nor functional outcome at 3 months was significantly associated with any of the lipid variables in the univariable analysis following Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons. The same results were found in the multivariable analysis adjusting for imbalances in baseline characteristics. <i>Conclusions:</i> In contrast to previous studies, we found that in stroke patients receiving thrombolysis therapy, neither the lipid profile nor prior statin use were associated with increased odds for sICH, functional outcome or mortality at 3 months.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123224.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Tracking Cognitive Change over 24 Weeks with Longitudinal Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Alzheimer’s Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Previous studies have revealed that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in specific brain regions correlates with cross-sectional performance on standardized clinical trial measures in Alzheimer’s disease (AD); however, the relationship between longitudinal change in fMRI-BOLD signal and neuropsychological performance remains unknown. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To identify changes in regional fMRI-BOLD activity that tracks change in neuropsychological performance in mild AD dementia over 6 months. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty-four subjects (mean age 71.6) with mild AD dementia (mean Mini Mental State Examination 21.7, Global Clinical Dementia Rating 1.0) on stable donepezil dosing participated in two task-related fMRI sessions consisting of a face-name paired associative encoding memory paradigm 24 weeks apart during a randomized placebo-controlled pharmaco-fMRI drug study. Regression analysis was used to identify regions where the change in fMRI activity for Novel &gt; Repeated stimulus contrast was associated with the change scores on postscan memory tests and the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Correlations between changes in postscan memory accuracy and changes in fMRI activity were observed in regions including the angular gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus and cerebellum. Correlations between changes in FCSRT-free recall and changes in fMRI were observed in regions including the inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Changes in encoding-related fMRI activity in regions implicated in mnemonic networks correlated with changes in psychometric measures of episodic memory retrieval performed outside the scanner. These exploratory results support the potential of fMRI activity to track cognitive change and detect signals of short-term pharmacologic effect in early-phase AD studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123203
title: Supplementary Material for: Five-Year Follow-Up of 10 Patients Treated with Globus Pallidus Internus Deep Brain Stimulation for Segmental or Multisegmental Dystonia

description: <i>Introduction:</i> Globus pallidus internus (GPi) deep brain stimulation (DBS) represents a validated, effective, and safe treatment for patients affected by generalized dystonia resistant to conservative treatment. Segmental and multisegmental dystonia have more recently been proposed as further indications for GPi DBS despite the lack of long-term homogenous follow-up. Here we present an original and detailed long-term follow-up (5 years) of a homogeneous population of 11 patients affected by segmental or multisegmental dystonia. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Ten patients underwent bilateral GPi DBS electrode implantations under a Leksell stereotactic guide, with intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. The follow-ups at 1, 3 and 5 years were collected using video-BFMDRS for motor and disability scores. The statistical analysis of the results is provided. <i>Results:</i> We reported a statistically significant improvement in motor and disability overall scores until 5 years after treatment. At the last follow-up, even the single motor subitems were statistically improved. <i>Discussion:</i> We observed a continuous and statistically significant improvement in all of the motor subitems and in the overall disability score until the 3-year follow-up. These results did not improve any further but they appeared steady at the last follow-up. We also report a significant improvement in the cranial-cervical subitems. <i>Conclusions:</i> GPi DBS should definitely be considered a safe and effective treatment also for segmental and multisegmental dystonia even in cases of relevant or prevalent cranial-cervical involvement.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123209
title: Supplementary Material for: Stationäre kognitive Verhaltenstherapie bei Zwangsstörungen: Effektivität und Erfolgsprädiktoren in der Routineversorgung

description: Hintergrund: Effektivitätsstudien zur Behandlung von Zwangsstörungen unter klinischen Routineversorgungsbedingungen sind im ambulanten und stationären Bereich bisher rar. Multimorbide, bereits vorbehandelte Patienten werden in randomisierten, kontrollierten Studien (RCTs) meist ausgeschlossen. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde untersucht, ob sich durch stationäre kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) in einer wenig selektierten Stichprobe unter alltäglichen Routinebedingungen gleich hohe Effekte erzielen lassen wie in RCTs und welche Prädiktoren den Therapieerfolg beeinflussen. Methoden: 108 Zwangspatienten wurden in einer naturalistischen Studie untersucht. 91% nahmen bereits Psychotherapie in Anspruch, 76% hatten zusätzliche komorbide Störungen, 63% wurden bei Aufnahme mit Antidepressiva behandelt. Zu Beginn und am Ende einer stationären multimodalen KVT (mittlere Verweildauer = 52,0 Tage; SD = 11,9) wurden die Yale-Brown Obsessive- Compulsive Scale-Selbstrating (Y-BOCS-SR) und das Beck-Depressionsinventar (BDI) zur Veränderungsmessung eingesetzt. Prädiktorvariablen wurden über die Routinebasisdokumentation erfasst. Ergebnisse: Zwangssymptomatik und Depressivität nahmen deutlich ab. Es ergaben sich hohe Effekte (Y-BOCS-SR: d = 1,7; BDI: d = 0,9), auch wenn vorzeitig entlassene Patienten in die Analysen einbezogen wurden. Bei Therapieende war die Hälfte der Patienten gebessert, ein Drittel remittiert. Keines der untersuchten Merkmale (Symptomschwere, komorbide Störung, depressive Störung, komorbide Persönlichkeitsstörung, psychotherapeutische Vorbehandlung, sexuelle Traumatisierung, Partnerschaftsprobleme, Arbeitslosigkeit) hatte einen Einfluss auf den Therapieerfolg. Schlussfolgerungen: Unter stationären Routineversorgungsbedingungen lassen sich mit kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie bei multimorbiden, bereits vorbehandelten Zwangspatienten sehr gute Therapieeffekte erzielen. Im Vergleich zu RCTs, die im stationären Setting durchgeführt wurden, fielen sie etwas geringer aus, allerdings bei ebenfalls geringerer Behandlungsdauer. Um die in verschiedenen Studien erzielten Therapieeffekte sinnvoll miteinander vergleichen zu können, müssen weitere Studienmerkmale wie beispielsweise Therapiedosis, Stichprobenmerkmale, Ausschlusskriterien/-rate oder eingesetzte Messinstrumente sorgfältig dokumentiert und gegenübergestellt werden.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123218.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: On the Origin of Oscillopsia during Pedunculopontine Stimulation

description: We report a case of induced oscillopsia caused by deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). Recent reports have described involuntary oscillopsia during DBS of the PPN that patients have described as <i>trembling vision</i>. Here we substantiate this observation using infra-red eye tracking. It has been suggested that this phenomenon might be used as an indicator of accurate targeting of the PPN with DBS. Our observations suggest that this phenomenon may not be related to a constricted anatomical structure and therefore such practise may be unwise. Scrutiny has led us to believe that the oscillopsia in our patient is not caused by direct stimulation of the oculomotor nerve as suggested in a previous report, but by stimulation of fibres in the uncinate fasciculus of the cerebellum and the superior cerebellar peduncle, which in turn stimulate the saccadic pre-motor neurones in the brainstem.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123188
title: Supplementary Material for: Evaluation of Antidepressant-Like Activity of Novel Water-Soluble Curcumin Formulations and St. John's Wort in Behavioral Paradigms of Despair

description: <i>Background:</i> Curcumin is the active principle of <i>Curcuma longa</i>, one of the widely used components in the traditional system of medicine in India. Despite its efficacy in experimental studies aiming at neuronal disorders like depression, curcu-min's poor water solubility challenges the production of therapeutic formulations. This study investigates the antidepressant-like activity of novel water-soluble curcumin formulations, dispensed in three different concentrations. Further, the study comparatively evaluates St. John's wort (SJW), another herbal preparation. <i>Methods:</i> These compounds were evaluated in the forced swimming test in mice, and the corresponding changes in the neurotransmitter levels were measured. <i>Results:</i> Three water-soluble curcumin formulations, C-5, C-20 and C-50 (50-200 mg/kg p.o.) decreased the immobility period, and increased serotonin and dopamine levels in the brain tissues. A subeffective dose (50 mg/kg) of these formulations enhanced the antidepressant-like effect of classical antidepressants with varied mechanisms of action. In addition, an SJW dose of 25 mg/kg showed a significant antidepressant-like effect in all the behavioral studies and also significantly increased brain neurotransmitter levels, especially that of serotonin. The effects produced by C-5 were comparable with those of SJW and fluoxetine, respectively. <i>Conclusion:</i> In all these observations, the water-soluble formulations showed a significant antidepressant-like effect, including enhancement of neurotransmitter levels as compared to the similar dose of a conventional curcumin preparation. Thus, these formulations may be used as a novel treatment option in the management of mental depression.