cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nk58h0m
title: Data from: Overexpression of an antioxidant enzyme improves male mating performance after stress in a lek-mating fruit fly

description: In many species, courtship displays are reliable signals of male quality,
 and current hypotheses suggest that mitochondrial function is a key
 mechanism underlying these condition-dependent traits. Environmental
 stressors generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that impair mitochondrial
 function, and thus antioxidant pathways that remove ROS are likely
 critical for preserving complex sexual behaviors. Here, we test the
 hypothesis that enhanced antioxidant activity in mitochondria preserves
 mating performance following oxidative stress. Using a transgenic
 approach, we directly manipulated mitochondrial antioxidant activity in
 the Caribbean fruit fly, Anastrepha suspensa, a lek-mating species with
 elaborate sexual displays and intense sexual selection that is also a
 model for Sterile Insect Technique programs. We generated seven transgenic
 lines that overexpress mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (MnSOD).
 Radiation is a severe oxidative stressor used commonly to induce sterility
 for sterile insect programs. After radiation treatment, two lines with
 intermediate MnSOD overexpression showed enhanced mating performance
 relative to wild-type males. These improvements in mating corresponded
 with reduced oxidative damage to lipids, demonstrating that MnSOD
 overexpression protects flies from oxidative stress at the cellular level.
 For lines with improved mating performance, overexpression also preserved
 locomotor activity, as indicated by a laboratory climbing assay. Our
 results show a clear link between oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity,
 and male performance. Our work has implications both for fundamentally
 understanding the role of mitochondrial antioxidants in sexual selection
 and shows promise for using transgenic approaches to enhance the field
 performance of insects released for area-wide pest management strategies
 and improving performance of biological control agents in general.
description: Teets et al Proc B
 dataExcel spreadhseet
 containing all raw data included in manuscript and supplemental
 information.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mq62g78
title: Data from: Plant community responses to stand-level nutrient fertilization in a secondary tropical dry forest

description: The size of the terrestrial carbon (C) sink is mediated by the
 availability of nutrients that limit plant growth. However, nutrient
 controls on primary productivity are poorly understood in the
 geographically extensive yet understudied tropical dry forest biome. To
 examine how nutrients influence above‐ and belowground biomass production
 in a secondary, seasonally dry tropical forest, we conducted a replicated,
 fully factorial nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization experiment
 at the stand scale in Guanacaste, Costa Rica. The production of leaves,
 wood, and fine roots was monitored through time; root colonization by
 mycorrhizal fungi and the abundance of N‐fixing root nodules were also
 quantified. In this seasonal forest, interannual variation in rainfall had
 the largest influence on stand‐level productivity, with lower biomass
 growth under drought. By contrast, aboveground productivity was generally
 not increased by nutrient addition, although fertilization enhanced growth
 of individual tree stems in a wet year. However, root growth increased
 markedly and consistently under P addition, significantly altering
 patterns of stand‐level biomass allocation to above‐ vs. belowground
 compartments. Although nutrients did not stimulate total biomass
 production at the community scale, N‐fixing legumes exhibited a twofold
 increase in woody growth in response to added P, accompanied by a dramatic
 increase in the abundance of root nodules. These data suggest that the
 relationship between nutrient availability and primary production in
 tropical dry forest is contingent on both water availability and plant
 functional diversity.
description: Waringetal_Ecology_TDF_fertilization_dataThis file contains data on productivity, arbuscular colonization of fine roots, nodule counts on fine roots, and soil chemistry for three years of a factorial nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization experiment in a secondary seasonally dry tropical forest in Costa Rica.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4hj4f77
title: Data from: Maintenance of deceptive gifts in a natural spider population: ecological and demographic factors

description: Alternative mating tactics are expected to occur predominantly when mate
 competition is intense, resources are in short supply, or as a result of
 asymmetric power relationships between individuals. Males of the nuptial
 gift-giving spider Pisaura mirabilis use a prevailing tactic of offering a
 nutritive gift (insect prey) and a deceptive tactic of offering a
 worthless gift (consumed prey) to prospective mates. If the male’s tactic
 depends on pre-copulatory male-male competition, worthless gifts should
 occur primarily late in the season, when the operational sex ratio (OSR)
 becomes male-biased. If it depends on resource availability and/or
 post-copulatory sexual selection (sperm competition), worthless gifts
 should occur mostly early in the mating season, when prey availability is
 low and most females are unmated (i.e. post-copulatory sexual selection is
 weak). Nuptial gift construction correlated positively with prey
 availability and negatively with OSR, suggesting that males increase
 reproductive effort when resource and mate availability increase. We did
 not find evidence for body condition affecting male tactic use. Male size
 had a marked effect on the reproductive tactic employed. Males that
 matured early in the season were very small and employed mostly the
 nutritive gift tactic during their short life. Among the males that
 matured later and persisted through the season, relatively small males
 employed the worthless gift tactic whereas large males employed the
 nutritive gift tactic. We suggest that the existence of two distinct life
 history strategies among males (early small and late large size) interacts
 with environmental and demographic conditions to maintain the deceptive
 tactic.
description: Data and models Albo et
 al 2019 Behavioral Ecology
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d305qm1
title: Data from: The importance of validating the demethylating effect of 5-aza-dC in model species

description: The use of DNA demethylating agents has been popular in epigenetic
 studies. Recently, Cook et al. (2015), claimed an effect of
 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) on the sex ratio of a parasitoid wasp
 without verifying its effect on DNA methylation. We repeated the 5-aza-dC
 feeding treatment to test its effectiveness. We used bisulfite amplicon
 sequencing of ten genes that were either heavily methylated, previously
 showed a response to 5-aza-dC or suggested to regulate fatty acid
 synthesis epigenetically, and demonstrate that wasps fed 5-aza-dC did not
 show reduced DNA methylation at these loci. Therefore, the conclusion that
 demethylation shifts sex ratios upwards needs reconsideration.
description: 20180710_AZAC_lipid
 dataThis file contains the
 phenotypic data on dry weight and lipid content associated with a
 demethylation experiment with 5-Aza-dC and its control (no azac) in
 Nasonia vitripennis. The data are taken at day 0, 2 and 9 of the
 experiment.20180710_AZAC_lipidtest.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ts0jb2s
title: Data from: An approach to incorporating inferred connectivity of adult movement into marine protected area design with limited data

description: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are important conservation tools that can
 support the resilience of marine ecosystems. Many countries, including
 Canada, have committed to protecting at least 10% of their marine areas
 under the Convention on Biological Diversity’s Aichi Target 11, which
 includes connectivity as a key aspect. Connectivity, the movement of
 individuals among habitats, can enhance population stability and
 resilience within and among MPAs. However, little is known about regional
 spatial patterns of marine ecological connectivity, particularly adult
 movement. We developed a method to assess and design MPA networks that
 maximize inferred connectivity within habitat types for adult movement
 when ecological data are limited. We used the Northern Shelf Bioregion in
 British Columbia, Canada, to explore two different approaches: 1)
 evaluating sites important for inferred regional connectivity (termed
 hotspots); and 2) assessing MPA network configurations based on their
 overlap with connectivity hotspots and interconnectedness between MPAs. To
 assess inferred connectivity via adult movement, we used two different
 threshold distances (15 km and 50 km) to capture moderate home ranges,
 which are most appropriate to consider in MPA design. We applied graph
 theory to assess inferred connectivity within sixteen habitat and depth
 categories (proxies for distinct ecological communities), and used novel
 multiplex network methodologies to perform an aggregated assessment of
 inferred connectivity. We evaluated inferred regional connectivity
 hotspots based on betweenness and eigenvector centrality metrics, finding
 that the existing MPA network overlapped a moderate proportion of these
 regional hotspots, and identified key areas to be considered as candidate
 MPAs. Network density among existing MPAs was low within the individual
 habitat networks, as well as the multiplex. This work informs an ongoing
 MPA planning process, and approaches for incorporating connectivity into
 MPA design when data are limited, with lessons for other contexts.
description: Friesen_2019_EcologicalApplications_NetworkAnalysis_Data Data used to evaluate ecological connectivity via adult movement using network centrality metrics, multiplex network structures, and network density. Northern Shelf Bioregion, British Columbia, Canada   Original substrate and bathymetry data accessed through the British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis (data sources: SciTech Environmental Consulting, Parks Canada, Government of British Columbia, Pacific Estuary Conservation Program
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jt88gv0
title: Data from: More than iso/anisohydry: hydroscapes integrate plant water‐use and drought tolerance traits in ten eucalypt species from contrasting climates

description: The iso/anisohydric continuum describes how plants regulate leaf water
 potential and is commonly used to classify species drought response
 strategies. However, drought response strategies comprise more than just
 this continuum, incorporating a suite of stomatal and hydraulic traits.
 Using a common garden experiment, we compared and contrasted four metrics
 commonly used to describe water use strategy during drought in ten
 eucalyptus species comprising four major ecosystems in eastern Australia.
 We examined the degree to which these metrics were aligned with key
 stomatal and hydraulic traits related to plant water use and drought
 tolerance. Species rankings of water use strategy were inconsistent across
 four metrics. A newer metric (Hydroscape) was strongly linked to various
 plant traits, including the leaf turgor loss (TLP), water potential at
 stomatal closure (Pgs90), leaf and stem hydraulic vulnerability to
 embolism (PL50 and Px50), safety margin of hydraulic segmentation (HSMHS),
 maximum stomatal conductance (gsmax) and Huber value (HV). In addition,
 Hydroscape was correlated with climatic variables representing the water
 availability at the seed source site. Along the continuum of water
 regulation strategy, species with narrow Hydroscapes tended to occupy
 mesic regions and exhibit high TLP, PL50 and Px50 values and narrow HSMHS.
 High gsmax recorded in species with broad hydroscapes were also associated
 with high HV. Despite a 4‐fold difference in Hydroscape area, all species
 closed their stomata prior to the onset of hydraulic dysfunction,
 suggesting a common stomatal response across species that minimises
 embolism risk during drought. Hydroscape area is useful in bridging
 stomatal regulation, hydraulic architecture and species drought tolerance,
 thus providing insight into species water use strategies.
description: Li et al.
 FE-2018-01132_Raw data_1This file contains the
 response of percentage loss of xylem conductivity to water potential for
 stem and leaf, as well as stomatal conductance response to water potential
 during dehydration for ten species.Li et al.
 FE-2018-01132_Raw data_2This file includes
 predawn and midday leaf water potential for ten species during
 drydown.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q835h5g
title: Data from: An ignored anatomical variable: pore shape shows a nonrandom variation pattern in xylem cross section

description: Anatomical characteristics of vessels have a profound impact on the
 hydraulic conductivity of the xylem. However, pore shape, the
 cross-section shape of a vessel, has been ignored in previous hydraulic
 architecture studies. In this study, we examined whether pore shape tended
 to be circular, and whether this variation tendency might be affected by
 water flow path-length and cambial age. The circularity pores in Betula
 platyphylla Roth and Quercus mongolica (only earlywood) were analyzed from
 the pith to the bark along the water flow path. It was found that although
 there were very few pores with absolutely circular shape, solitary pores
 did tend to be regularly circular. The pore shape of sequentially formed
 vessels in the xylem was influenced by cambial age and flow path-length.
 Pore shape tended to be more circular as flow path-length increased or
 cambial age decreased. Moreover, circular pore shape is an important
 morphogenetic mechanism for hydraulic architecture development, which can
 also expand the understanding of structure-function relationships for the
 xylem.
description: data(NJB-02249)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jf5f6h0
title: Data from: Seed masting causes fluctuations in optimum litter size and lag load in a seed predator

description: The episodic production of large seed crops by some perennial plants
 (masting) is known to increase seed escape by alternately starving and
 swamping seed predators. These pulses of resources might also act as an
 agent of selection on the life histories of seed predators, which could
 indirectly enhance seed escape by inducing an evolutionary load on seed
 predator populations. We measured natural selection on litter size of
 female North American red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) across 28
 years and five white spruce (Picea glauca) masting events. Observed litter
 sizes were similar to optimum litter sizes during non-mast years but were
 well below optimum litter sizes during mast years. Mast events, therefore,
 caused selection for larger litters (’ = 0.25) and a lag load (L = 0.25)
 on red squirrels during mast years. Reduced juvenile recruitment
 associated with this lag load increased the number of spruce cones
 escaping squirrel predation. Although, offspring and parents often
 experienced opposite environments with respect to the mast, we found no
 effect of environmental mismatches across generations on either offspring
 survival or population growth. Instead, squirrels plastically increased
 litter sizes in anticipation of mast events, which partially, although not
 completely, reduced the lag load resulting from this change in food
 availability. These results, therefore, suggest that in addition to
 ecological and behavioural effects on seed predators, mast seed production
 can further enhance seed escape by inducing maladaptation in seed
 predators through fluctuations in optimal trait values.
description: Spring_NumbersAnnual estimates of the abundance of squirrels in each of two study areas. Also includes estimates of cone abundance and the proportion of the population born during mast years.Litter_dataAttributes of red squirrel litters including litter size and the number of pups that recruited into the population.Fall_NumbersNumber of juveniles that were alive in August of each year. Number that might have been alive had females produced optimum litter sizes.Cones_dataNumber of cones produced per tree and the number of cones escaping squirrel predation in two study areas.Juvenile_dataJuvenile attributes including whether or not they recruited into the population and whether or not they were born during a mast year.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.44mn451
title: Data from: Multiplex PCR targeting lineage specific SNPs ‐ A highly efficient and simple approach to block out predator sequences in molecular gut content analysis

description: Background: Food webs form the basis of biological communities, though
 empirical research has been hindered by difficulties in quantifying
 interactions. Metabarcoding from predator gut content extractions with
 universal primers promises to provide simple and rapid insights into food
 web interactions. However, the highly overabundant predator DNA often
 completely outcompetes that of the digested prey DNA during PCR, impeding
 the ability to assess the abundance and diversity of prey items. Methods:
 Focusing on the issue of overabundance of predator DNA amplified by a
 commonly used COI primer pair, we use predator lineage-specific SNPs at
 the 3’-end of PCR primers to selectively block out predators from
 amplification. While this approach largely prevents predator
 amplification, it retains high taxonomic versatility for prey lineages. We
 introduce a novel multilocus assay, targeting four nuclear and
 mitochondrial rDNA markers and test our approach in a diverse set of
 spiders from 12 families. We estimate the recovered prey DNA proportions
 and compare the taxonomic composition of prey communities between markers.
 Using a feeding experiment, we also explore recovery of prey DNA over
 time. Results: While commonly used COI primers yield low and very
 unpredictable amounts of prey DNA, our assay allows for a considerable and
 consistent prey enrichment across all tested species. The recovered prey’s
 taxonomic composition is comparable between markers and supports results
 acquired by COI. The new marker set can be amplified in a simple multiplex
 PCR, considerably reducing the necessary workload. Conclusions: Our
 multi-locus approach allows the generation of an unprecedented amount of
 prey data at low cost and effort. Lineage specific PCR is taxonomically
 versatile and could readily be adapted to any prey-predator interaction,
 opening up the opportunity for community-wide studies on food web
 interactions.
description: Read files for all
 experimentsRead files for all
 experiments and all markers targetedReads.rarTable with all specimens used in our experiments and their according IDs, taxonomy and collections sitesTable with all specimens used in our experiments and their according IDs, taxonomy and collections sitesIDs_For_All_Spiders.xlsxOTU table for all markers and specimensOTU tables for all markers and specimensOTU_tables.xlsxTable with all taxa, which were used to test the efficiency of our newly designed primersTable with all taxa, which were used to test the efficiency of our newly designed primersSamplesUsedToTestPrimers.xlsxAlignments of reference sequences used for primer design and primersAlignments of reference sequences used for primer design and primersAlignments_for_Primer_Design.rar
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nk3560s
title: Data from: Resolving the paradox of environmental quality and sociality: the ecological causes and consequences of cooperative breeding in two lineages of birds

description: Cooperatively breeding animals occur in virtually every ecosystem on
 earth. Comparative and biogeographic studies suggest that that both benign
 and harsh, as well as stable and fluctuating, environments can favor the
 evolution of cooperative breeding behavior. The fact that cooperative
 societies occur in environments of such contrasting quality creates a
 paradox of environmental quality and sociality. The dual-benefits
 framework—which leads to the prediction that the ecological consequences
 of sociality (e.g. range size) vary depending on the benefits that
 individuals of each species receive by forming social groups—offers a
 potential resolution to this paradox. Here, we use a case study of two
 avian lineages, starlings (Sturnidae) and hornbills (Bucerotidae), in
 which environmental unpredictability appears to have opposite effects on
 the evolution of cooperation to test the dual-benefits framework.
 Consistent with previous work, harsh and unpredictable environments
 promote cooperative breeding behavior in starlings, which in turn leads to
 larger geographic ranges. However, cooperatively breeding hornbills occur
 in benign and stable environments, but sociality does not influence range
 size. Our study suggests that the paradox of environmental quality and
 sociality arises largely because cooperative breeding is an umbrella term,
 encompassing social species that form groups for different reasons.
 Differentiating between these reasons that social groups form is crucial
 for developing a predictive framework for understanding the evolution of
 cooperative breeding behavior.
description: Range size and
 cooperative breeding in starlings and hornbillsdata_cb_rangesize.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s6743c5
title: Data from: Species-level predation network uncovers high prey specificity in a Neotropical army ant community

description: Army ants are among the top arthropod predators and considered keystone
 species in tropical ecosystems. During daily mass raids with many thousand
 workers, army ants hunt live prey, likely exerting strong top-down control
 on prey species. Many tropical sites exhibit a high army ant species
 diversity (&gt;20 species), suggesting that sympatric species
 partition the available prey niches. However, whether and to what extent
 this is achieved has not been intensively studied yet. We therefore
 conducted a large-scale diet survey of a community of surface-raiding army
 ants at La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica. We systematically
 collected 3,262 prey items from eleven army ant species (genera Eciton,
 Nomamyrmex and Neivamyrmex). Prey items were classified as ant prey or
 non-ant prey. The prey nearly exclusively consisted of other ants (98%),
 and most booty was ant brood (87%). Using morphological characters and DNA
 barcoding, we identified a total of 1,105 ant prey specimens to the
 species level. 129 ant species were detected among the army ant prey,
 representing about 30% of the known local ant diversity. Using weighted
 bipartite network analyses, we show that prey specialization in army ants
 is unexpectedly high, and prey niche overlap very small. Besides food
 niche differentiation, we uncovered a spatio-temporal niche
 differentiation in army ant raid activity. We discuss competition-driven
 multidimensional niche differentiation and predator-prey arms races as
 possible mechanisms underlying prey specialization in army ants. By
 combining systematic prey sampling with species-level prey identification
 and network analyses, our integrative approach can guide future research
 by portraying how predator-prey interactions in complex communities can be
 reliably studied, even in cases where morphological prey identification is
 infeasible.
description: Prey overview
 imagesOverview photos of prey
 items collected from army ant raids/emigrations/prey caches collected at
 La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. Folder names give collection
 event IDs (see main article for more information).prey overview
 images.zip
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/bebjml
title: Replication Data for: Spatial Heterogeneity in Climate Risk and Human Flourishing: An Exploration with Generative AI

description: This dataset contains the replication data and replication script for the manuscript "Spatial Heterogeneity in Climate Risk and Human Flourishing: An Exploration with Generative AI". 

The data is derived from the larger HFGI dataset ( https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/T39JBY ) with the addition of the Climate Risk and Resilience-adjusted Index (CRI) dataset kindly provided by AlphaGeo ( https://alphageo.ai/our-data/ )