DOI: 10.3886/icpsr38654
title: Exploring Resilience Portfolios for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence During the COVID Pandemic, United States, 2022
title: Archival Version

description: The purpose of this study was to better understand the protective factors most critical to resilience and financial wellbeing during the COVID-19
pandemic, particularly for women in the United States experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). The specific aims of this study were to: (1) Develop a conceptual model for economic resilience based on the Resilience Portfolio Model developed by Grych et al.; and (2) examine which economic resilience protective factors were most associated with IPV survivor health and safety during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The project used a web survey design with quantitative data collected from 576 survivors through Qualtrics Panel Service in July 2022.
description: The purpose of the research was to increase understanding of strengths, assets, and resources that promote resilience and financial wellbeing among women.
description: The research team used a cross-sectional design with non-probability sampling. Participants were recruited to complete an online survey via Qualtrics Research Panel Services and received compensation via email following survey completion.
description: Demographic variables include age, race, ethnicity, relationship status, sexual orientation, employment status, education level, and annual household income. Participants were also screened for occurrences of intimate partner violence or abuse in the past year before determining eligibility. Participants answered items centered on the following themes:

Coping with financial stress
Financial future orientation
Social support
Financial support seeking
Social capital
Financial, social, and emotional impact of COVID-19
Physical and mental health
Financial self-sufficiency and self-efficacy
Degree of financial hardship
Financial knowledge
Financial childhood socialization
Indicators of economic abuse and immigration abuse

Please refer to the Scales field for a full list of validated scales used in this study.
description: Not applicable.
description: Response Rates: Not available.
description: Presence of Common Scales: A number of Likert scales were used as part of this study. The majority of scales were previously validated, although some were adapted for the purpose of this research.

IPV screening questions: Eight (8) items were used to screen survivors for intimate partner violence. Of these, five (5) items came from E-HITS (Chan et al., 2010), one (1) stalking item was added from the National Violence Against Women Survey, and two (2) items were added from the Scale of Economic Abuse-2 (Adams et al., 2020). Response options ranged from 1 (never) to 5 (frequently).
Coping: A total of 13 items from the Coping Scale (Hamby et al., 2013) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (not true about me) to 4 (mostly true about me).
Future orientation: Five (5) items from the Future Orientation Scale (Hamby et al., 2018) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (not true about me) to 4 (mostly true about me).
Social support received: Five (5) items from the Social Support Received Scale (Hamby et al., 2018) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (not true about me) to 4 (mostly true about me).
Social support seeking: Six (6) items from the Social Support Seeking Scale (Hamby et al., 2018) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (not true about me) to 4 (mostly true about me).
Social capital: Five (5) items on social capital from the Fragile Families Survey (Reichman et al., 2001) were used. Response options were 0 (no) or 1 (yes).
Depression and anxiety: Four (4) items from the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (Lowe et al., 2010) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (not at all) to 4 (nearly every day).
PTSD: Five (5) items from the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (Prins et al., 2016) were used. Response options were 0 (no) or 1 (yes).
Economic self-sufficiency: Eight (8) items from the Scale of Economic Self-Sufficiency (Postmus et al., 2020) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (not at all) to 5 (all the time).
Material hardship: A total of 12 items from the Fragile Families Survey (Reichman et al., 2001) were used. Response options ranged from 0 (no) to 1 (yes).
Economic self-efficacy: Ten (10) items from the Scale of Economic Self-Efficacy (Hoge et al., 2020) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
Financial knowledge: A total of 15 items from the Financial Knowledge Scale (Postmus et al., 2013) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
Financial strain: Eight (8) items from the Financial Strain Survey (Postmus et al., 2020) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (never) to 5 (always).
Childhood financial socialization: Four (4) items on childhood financial socialization (Ammerman and Stueve, 2019) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (never) to 5 (quite often).
Intimate partner violence: A total of 22 items from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (2016) were used to measure IPV experiences. Response options ranged from 1 (never) to 5 (quite often).
Economic abuse: A total of 14 items from the Scale of Economic Abuse-2 (Adams et al., 2019) were used. Response options ranged from 1 (never) to 5 (quite often).
description: Only individuals who identified as women were eligible to participate in the study. Participants with a survey completion rate of 75% or higher were kept in the dataset. A total of 545 participants had a 100% survey completion rate. The final sample size was 576.
description: Datasets: 
DS1: Exploring Resilience Portfolios for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence During the COVID Pandemic, United States, 2022
description: Woman-identifying individuals in the United States experiencing intimate partner violence. Smallest Geographic Unit: None
description: web-based surveyThis project was conducted in collaboration with the Rutgers Violence Against Women Research Consortium (VAWRC). For more information on the Consortium project, please visit the VAWRC website.