DOI: 10.16904/envidat.460
title: Community structure, life-history traits and performance traits of urban cavity-nesting bees annd wasps

description: Background
Urban ecosystems are associated with socio-ecological conditions that can filter and promote taxa. However, the strength of the effect of ecological filtering on biodiversity could vary among biotic and abiotic factors. Here, we provide the data used to investigate the effects of habitat amount, temperature, and host-enemy biotic interactions in shaping communities of cavity-nesting bees and wasps (CNBW) and their natural enemies. To do so, we installed trap-nests in 80 sites distributed along urban intensity gradients in 5 European cities (Antwerp, Paris, Poznan, Tartu and Zurich). We quantified the species richness and abundance of CNBW hosts and their natural enemies, as well as two performance traits (survival and parasitism) and two life-history traits (sex ratio and number of offspring per nest for the hosts).
The dataset contains:
* The taxonomic metrics on CNBW
* The taxonomic metrics on the natural enemies from CNBW
* The life-history traits and performance traits
description: Resource Title: Taxonomic metrics on CNBW
 Size: 14605 bytes
 Format: text/csv
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1994598f-ea53-4394-b6de-9c5cd06ecc64/resource/971340ee-519a-4616-a8fb-58a854a3374b/download/25042022_community_structure_life_history_site.csv
 Description: The data contains at the site level the species richness of cavity-nesting bees and wasps. It also contains site level estimates of the life-history traits and the performance traits.

We calculated species richness, abundance, and number of nests of the hatched hosts separately for bees and wasps. We calculated the abundance of hatched hosts as the number of brood cells where an individual emerged, i.e. the total number of brood cells minus the number of parasitized cells and the number of cells with no emergence for reasons other than parasitism. 

City codes: An =Antwerp, Pa = Paris; Po = Poznan; Ta =Tartu; Zu= Zurich
description: Resource Title: Taxonomic metrics on the natural enemies
 Size: 3882 bytes
 Format: text/csv
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1994598f-ea53-4394-b6de-9c5cd06ecc64/resource/1d628995-7010-42e5-b2b4-61e74ad78207/download/25042022_enemy_info.csv
 Description: It contains the species richness and the abundance of natural enemies per site.
description: Resource Title: Performance traits and life-history traits
 Size: 411653 bytes
 Format: text/csv
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1994598f-ea53-4394-b6de-9c5cd06ecc64/resource/34eacb06-974a-43c5-9c9b-e347cd84705a/download/25042022_life_history_nest.csv
 Description: It contains the data of two performance traits (survival and parasitism) and two life-history traits (sex ratio and number of offspring per nest for the hosts) at the nest level.

We assessed performance traits, i.e. survival and parasitism, at the individual cell level. Specifically, for each cell within a nest, we noted whether the cell was alive or dead (survival), and whether it had a parasite or not (parasitism). Further, we calculated the parasitism rate as the number of cells with a parasite divided by the total number of cells. Concerning life-history traits, we calculated the total number of brood cells per nest as the total number of brood cells within a single nest, regardless of whether the larvae were dead, alive or parasitized. Finally, we used the probability that a femalehost emerged from a given cell as a proxy for the sex ratio. To do so, we first identified the sex of the individual hosts. Then, we noted it in a binary way to indicate whether the host was a female or not. We could identify the sex of all hatched hosts. Further, because CNBW first lay females and then males, on some occasions we could also identify the host sex in dead and parasitized cells, that is, when we had already identified the sex of the preceding and the following cells.
description: Resource Title: Information on the study sites
 Size: 14688 bytes
 Format: text/csv
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1994598f-ea53-4394-b6de-9c5cd06ecc64/resource/527f3701-eabd-4f19-a49c-890fd892c418/download/16072024_study_sties.csv
 Description: For each site, the IDs, city, coordinates, structure where the trapnest was attached and height is provided
description: Resource Title: Predictors of the study
 Size: 32135 bytes
 Format: text/csv
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/1994598f-ea53-4394-b6de-9c5cd06ecc64/resource/f510735e-de09-44fd-a355-997320ef1db1/download/predictors.non.scaled.csv
 Description: