cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124865.v1
title: Fuzzy logic and geostatistics in studying the fertility of soil cultivated with the rubber tree

description: ABSTRACT Knowledge of the spatial variability of soil attributes is an aid to soil management. The aim of this study was to apply fuzzy logic and geostatistics in defining the spatial variability of soil fertility, in soil cultivated with the rubber tree. Soil samples from the 0-0.20 m and 0.20-0.40 m layers were collected in a stratified random sampling grid, with a shortest distance of 6 m, for a total of 60 points. The chemical attributes were P, K, Ca, Mg, BS, CEC and V. The spatial dependence of the attributes was determined, and the maps were constructed using ordinary kriging interpolation. The interpolated values were transformed into degrees of pertinence (FI), with the lower and upper limits previously defined, using an increasing model. The nutrient P displayed values in both layers below the recommended lower limit (&lt; 20 mg dm-3). The rules of inference indicated that the total area shown in the fuzzy maps of soil fertility requires the application of correctives and fertiliser, as it has an FI &lt; 0.50 and a percentage area &gt; 50%. This methodology reduced the number of maps for interpreting soil fertility in the area, enabling visualisation of the spatial and gradual variability of the needs of the region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6125114
title: Ion accumulation in young plants of the ‘green dwarf’ coconut under water and salt stress

description: ABSTRACT Water scarcity and salinity are two major limitations on agricultural production. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical mechanisms associated with the separate and/or concurrent effects of water deficit and soil salinity on young plants of the ‘green dwarf’ coconut from the responses of ion accumulation (potassium, sodium and chloride) in the leaves and roots. The experiment was carried out in a screened greenhouse in Fortaleza, in the State of Ceará, Brazil. A randomised complete block statistical design was used in a scheme of treatments in subdivided plots, to evaluate the effects of different levels of water deficiency (plots) using different percentages for the replacement of water lost through potential crop evapotranspiration (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%), associated with sub-plots comprising increasing levels of soil salinity (1.72, 6.25 , 25.80 and 40.70 dS m-1) found in soils collected in the Morada Nova Irrigated Perimeter (Morada Nova/Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará). Under conditions of water scarcity, K+ is maintained and/or accumulated in the leaves; while in the roots, levels are jointly affected by water deficiency and soil salinity, where these stress agents act in an antagonistic way on the K+ content. Conditions of salt stress lead to increases in the levels of Na+ both in the leaves and especially in the roots. The Cl- ion content of the leaves and roots responds to the interaction between water deficiency and salinity, demonstrating synergy in the relationship between stress agents. The accumulation of inorganic solutes in the leaves and roots of the coconut follows the order: Cl- &gt; K+ &gt; Na+.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6125114.v1
title: Ion accumulation in young plants of the ‘green dwarf’ coconut under water and salt stress

description: ABSTRACT Water scarcity and salinity are two major limitations on agricultural production. The aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical mechanisms associated with the separate and/or concurrent effects of water deficit and soil salinity on young plants of the ‘green dwarf’ coconut from the responses of ion accumulation (potassium, sodium and chloride) in the leaves and roots. The experiment was carried out in a screened greenhouse in Fortaleza, in the State of Ceará, Brazil. A randomised complete block statistical design was used in a scheme of treatments in subdivided plots, to evaluate the effects of different levels of water deficiency (plots) using different percentages for the replacement of water lost through potential crop evapotranspiration (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100%), associated with sub-plots comprising increasing levels of soil salinity (1.72, 6.25 , 25.80 and 40.70 dS m-1) found in soils collected in the Morada Nova Irrigated Perimeter (Morada Nova/Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará). Under conditions of water scarcity, K+ is maintained and/or accumulated in the leaves; while in the roots, levels are jointly affected by water deficiency and soil salinity, where these stress agents act in an antagonistic way on the K+ content. Conditions of salt stress lead to increases in the levels of Na+ both in the leaves and especially in the roots. The Cl- ion content of the leaves and roots responds to the interaction between water deficiency and salinity, demonstrating synergy in the relationship between stress agents. The accumulation of inorganic solutes in the leaves and roots of the coconut follows the order: Cl- &gt; K+ &gt; Na+.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124892
title: Effects of processing phases on the quality of massai grass seeds

description: ABSTRACT Massai grass is an important tropical forage grass. The harvested seeds upon being received by the company, are found to be contaminated with impurities which are removable by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to produce seeds of a quality level within standards established for commercialization and sowing purposes. The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of processing phases on the physical and physiological quality of massai grass (Panicum maximum x P. infestum, cv. Massai) seeds for commercialization purposes. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); treating machine; and second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, physical (purity and 1,000 seeds weight) and physiological quality (germination, first count of germination, seedling vigor classification, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in the field, speed of emergence index, and primary root length, shoot length). Massai grass seeds had their physical and physiological qualities improved when they were processed by an air and screen machine and a gravity table. Seeds from the intermediate discharge spout of the first gravity table, after going through the air and screen machine, are those of with highest physiological potential. The seeds of this species do not need to be processed to fit the germination and purity standards when the national market is the goal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124892.v1
title: Effects of processing phases on the quality of massai grass seeds

description: ABSTRACT Massai grass is an important tropical forage grass. The harvested seeds upon being received by the company, are found to be contaminated with impurities which are removable by processing machines. This procedure is necessary to produce seeds of a quality level within standards established for commercialization and sowing purposes. The objective of this project was to evaluate the effects of processing phases on the physical and physiological quality of massai grass (Panicum maximum x P. infestum, cv. Massai) seeds for commercialization purposes. Seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); treating machine; and second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, physical (purity and 1,000 seeds weight) and physiological quality (germination, first count of germination, seedling vigor classification, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in the field, speed of emergence index, and primary root length, shoot length). Massai grass seeds had their physical and physiological qualities improved when they were processed by an air and screen machine and a gravity table. Seeds from the intermediate discharge spout of the first gravity table, after going through the air and screen machine, are those of with highest physiological potential. The seeds of this species do not need to be processed to fit the germination and purity standards when the national market is the goal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124733
title: Storage of pollen and properties of olive stigma for breeding purposes

description: ABSTRACT In order to ensure success in controlled hybridizations in olive tree cultivation, the information on pollen viability and stigma receptivity is essential. The aim was to establish methodologies that increase the preservation of pollen viability and to establish the time to perform crossbreeds in hybridization studies with olive trees. Three experiments were performed with plants from the cultivar Arbequina, in Maria da Fé, MG, Brazil. In the first experiment, the description of the flower events was performed. In the second, anthers were desiccated in eppendorfs, being stored at three different conditions for pollen viability test: room temperature (27 ºC), refrigerator (8 ºC) and freezer (-10 ºC). In order to evaluate the in vitro germination, culture medium for olive pollen grains was used. In this respect, pollen grains were transferred in Petri dish containing culture medium and placed in a BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) chamber at 28 ºC for 60 h, being counted. The first evaluation was performed prior to the assembly of the experiment, testing the initial viability, whereas the second occurred 24 h after storage. Subsequently, seven evaluations were performed fortnightly. In the third experiment, the stigma receptivity was verified by the 3% hydrogen peroxide method, with flowers in pre-anthesis, anthesis and post-anthesis, evaluated hourly in the period from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. for three days. In the description of the flower events, it was verified that the olive tree shows diurnal anthesis, with flower opening between 10 a.m. and 11 a.m. The anthers stored in a freezer preserved the viability for 60 days and the stigmas were receptive since the pre-anthesis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124733.v1
title: Storage of pollen and properties of olive stigma for breeding purposes

description: ABSTRACT In order to ensure success in controlled hybridizations in olive tree cultivation, the information on pollen viability and stigma receptivity is essential. The aim was to establish methodologies that increase the preservation of pollen viability and to establish the time to perform crossbreeds in hybridization studies with olive trees. Three experiments were performed with plants from the cultivar Arbequina, in Maria da Fé, MG, Brazil. In the first experiment, the description of the flower events was performed. In the second, anthers were desiccated in eppendorfs, being stored at three different conditions for pollen viability test: room temperature (27 ºC), refrigerator (8 ºC) and freezer (-10 ºC). In order to evaluate the in vitro germination, culture medium for olive pollen grains was used. In this respect, pollen grains were transferred in Petri dish containing culture medium and placed in a BOD (biochemical oxygen demand) chamber at 28 ºC for 60 h, being counted. The first evaluation was performed prior to the assembly of the experiment, testing the initial viability, whereas the second occurred 24 h after storage. Subsequently, seven evaluations were performed fortnightly. In the third experiment, the stigma receptivity was verified by the 3% hydrogen peroxide method, with flowers in pre-anthesis, anthesis and post-anthesis, evaluated hourly in the period from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. for three days. In the description of the flower events, it was verified that the olive tree shows diurnal anthesis, with flower opening between 10 a.m. and 11 a.m. The anthers stored in a freezer preserved the viability for 60 days and the stigmas were receptive since the pre-anthesis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6125003
title: Substrates of Mauritia flexuosa and wastewater from pig farming on growth and quality in seedlings of Acacia mangium

description: ABSTRACT Sustainable alternatives should be adopted to minimise the negative environmental impacts of agricultural activities. The use of wastewater as well as organic waste, from agricultural activities or found naturally, such as the decomposed stems of the Buriti palm (Mauritia flexuosa), can be a sustainable alternative in the production of seedlings for the reforestation of areas in the process of degradation or desertification, common in the State of Piauí, Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and quality in seedlings of Acacia mangium Willd grown in substrates with different proportions of decomposed stems of Mauritia flexuosa (DSB), and irrigated with wastewater from pig farming (WPF). The experimental design was completely randomised, arranged in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to five proportions of DSB and soil (v/v,% - 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20), and two sources of irrigation water (well water and WPF), with four replications. At 100 days after sowing (DAS), the seedlings were collected to measure the variables related to growth, quality and nodulation. Height, root collar diameter, shoot dry weight, leaf area and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots were significantly influenced (p≤0.05) by the interaction between substrate and source of irrigation water. The WPF had no significant influence on the growth or quality of the Acacia mangium Willd seedlings. The best ratio between DSB substrate and soil was 46:54, considered the most suitable for seedling production in Acacia mangium Willd.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6125003.v1
title: Substrates of Mauritia flexuosa and wastewater from pig farming on growth and quality in seedlings of Acacia mangium

description: ABSTRACT Sustainable alternatives should be adopted to minimise the negative environmental impacts of agricultural activities. The use of wastewater as well as organic waste, from agricultural activities or found naturally, such as the decomposed stems of the Buriti palm (Mauritia flexuosa), can be a sustainable alternative in the production of seedlings for the reforestation of areas in the process of degradation or desertification, common in the State of Piauí, Brazil. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and quality in seedlings of Acacia mangium Willd grown in substrates with different proportions of decomposed stems of Mauritia flexuosa (DSB), and irrigated with wastewater from pig farming (WPF). The experimental design was completely randomised, arranged in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to five proportions of DSB and soil (v/v,% - 0:100, 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, 80:20), and two sources of irrigation water (well water and WPF), with four replications. At 100 days after sowing (DAS), the seedlings were collected to measure the variables related to growth, quality and nodulation. Height, root collar diameter, shoot dry weight, leaf area and nitrogen accumulation in the shoots were significantly influenced (p≤0.05) by the interaction between substrate and source of irrigation water. The WPF had no significant influence on the growth or quality of the Acacia mangium Willd seedlings. The best ratio between DSB substrate and soil was 46:54, considered the most suitable for seedling production in Acacia mangium Willd.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124547
title: Corn yield for silage and grains in different integrated crop-livestock systems

description: Abstract In this study, the objective was to assess the influence of two doses of N (90 and 180 kg N ha-1, added to the winter pastures), two integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS, with and without trees) and five positions between the tree rows, on the corn (Zea mays L.) quality and productivity, for silage and grain. Adopting the complete randomized block design, the treatments included three replicates. In 2006, following the 14 x 3 m spacing (currently with 158 trees ha-1) the trees were planted in 6 out of the 12 paddocks. While the corn was implemented during summer of 2013/2014, cattle grazing on the annual pasture was done during the prior winter, in both ICLS. Corn for silage was reaped at the R5 phenological stage, whereas for grains it was done at 176 days post seeding. For silage, the corn plants were grinded and then stocked in the experimental mini PVC silos. The silage varied slightly in quality along the positions between the tree rows. The differences observed between N levels in the dry matter, crude protein (CP) and grain productivity are expressions of the residual effects of the winter fertilization. Silage quality was improved by the shade effect which minimized the acid detergent fiber and raised the CP, although it reduced the corn production for silage and grains by 52%. Some feasible techniques to reduce these losses are discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124547.v1
title: Corn yield for silage and grains in different integrated crop-livestock systems

description: Abstract In this study, the objective was to assess the influence of two doses of N (90 and 180 kg N ha-1, added to the winter pastures), two integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS, with and without trees) and five positions between the tree rows, on the corn (Zea mays L.) quality and productivity, for silage and grain. Adopting the complete randomized block design, the treatments included three replicates. In 2006, following the 14 x 3 m spacing (currently with 158 trees ha-1) the trees were planted in 6 out of the 12 paddocks. While the corn was implemented during summer of 2013/2014, cattle grazing on the annual pasture was done during the prior winter, in both ICLS. Corn for silage was reaped at the R5 phenological stage, whereas for grains it was done at 176 days post seeding. For silage, the corn plants were grinded and then stocked in the experimental mini PVC silos. The silage varied slightly in quality along the positions between the tree rows. The differences observed between N levels in the dry matter, crude protein (CP) and grain productivity are expressions of the residual effects of the winter fertilization. Silage quality was improved by the shade effect which minimized the acid detergent fiber and raised the CP, although it reduced the corn production for silage and grains by 52%. Some feasible techniques to reduce these losses are discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6502754
title: Availability and spatial variability of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in soils of the State of Ceará, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present work was to: (i) determine and map the micronutrient content (copper - Cu, iron - Fe, manganese - Mn and zinc - Zn) in soils of the State of Ceará; (ii) evaluate soil attributes related to micronutrient availability; and (iii) evaluate, by ordinary kriging, the spatial dependence of the micronutrient content. The study area is located in the central region of Ceará, in the basin of the River Banabuiú. Soil samples were collected in the surface and subsurface layers to determine the chemical attributes, granulometry, and micronutrient content, extracted with Mehlich-1 solution. The sites of the principal types of soil in the region were spatialised and the results submitted to descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. The semivariograms with the best fit were tested using the ordinary kriging method, and the maps of spatial variability were prepared. The highest values for the mean, maximum and minimum levels of Cu and Fe are found in the subsurface layers, while for Mn and Zn, they are found in the surface layers. In the surface layers, the majority of soils present Fe, Mn and Zn in levels suitable for agricultural production, while the levels of Cu are classified as medium to low. The micronutrients showed a significant positive correlation, especially with the soil attributes and with each other. Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn are classified as having medium to strong spatial dependence in the surface and subsurface layers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6502754.v1
title: Availability and spatial variability of copper, iron, manganese and zinc in soils of the State of Ceará, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present work was to: (i) determine and map the micronutrient content (copper - Cu, iron - Fe, manganese - Mn and zinc - Zn) in soils of the State of Ceará; (ii) evaluate soil attributes related to micronutrient availability; and (iii) evaluate, by ordinary kriging, the spatial dependence of the micronutrient content. The study area is located in the central region of Ceará, in the basin of the River Banabuiú. Soil samples were collected in the surface and subsurface layers to determine the chemical attributes, granulometry, and micronutrient content, extracted with Mehlich-1 solution. The sites of the principal types of soil in the region were spatialised and the results submitted to descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. The semivariograms with the best fit were tested using the ordinary kriging method, and the maps of spatial variability were prepared. The highest values for the mean, maximum and minimum levels of Cu and Fe are found in the subsurface layers, while for Mn and Zn, they are found in the surface layers. In the surface layers, the majority of soils present Fe, Mn and Zn in levels suitable for agricultural production, while the levels of Cu are classified as medium to low. The micronutrients showed a significant positive correlation, especially with the soil attributes and with each other. Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn are classified as having medium to strong spatial dependence in the surface and subsurface layers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504623
title: Yield of strawberry crops under different irrigation levels and biofertilizer doses

description: ABSTRACT Strawberry is produced and appreciated in different regions of the world, due to its productive and commercial characteristics. Biofertilizer is an organic fertilizer that is easy to prepare and effective to nourish plants. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of different irrigation levels and anaerobically fermented bovine biofertilizer doses, on biomass accumulation and strawberry crop yield. The experiment was carried out in the experimental area of the UFC, in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, from August to December 2012, under a screened environment. The experimental design was randomized blocks designed into subdivided plots, in which irrigation levels were applied via drip irrigation (equivalent to 33.3, 66.6, 100, 133.3 and 166.6% of the evaporation measured in the Class A tank - ECA), corresponding to the plots. The four doses of bovine biofertilizer (125, 250, 375 and 500 mL plant-1 week-1) were the subplots, with four replications. The assessed parameters were: biomass (root, shoot and total dry matter), fruit diameter, fruit length, number of fruits per plant, average fruit mass and yield. The biofertilizer and irrigation increased strawberry shoot biomass and total biomass. The interaction between irrigation and bovine biofertilizer raised the root matter to 3.7 g. The biofertilizer was nutritionally efficient for the strawberry regarding number of fruit, fruit diameter and yield. Irrigation increased strawberry length and average mass.