cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x1g
title: Historical biogeography of Vochysiaceae reveals an unexpected perspective of plant evolution in the Neotropics

description: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Despite the fast pace of exploration of the
 patterns and processes influencing Neotropical plant hyperdiversity, taxa
 explored are mostly from large groups that are widely distributed,
 morphologically diverse or economically
 important.  Vochysiaceae is an example of an
 undersampled taxon, providing an excellent system for investigating
 Neotropical biogeography.  We present a
 phylogenomic-based hypothesis of species relationships in Vochysiaceae to
 investigate its evolutionary history through space and time.
 METHODS: We inferred a phylogeny for 122 species from
 Vochysiaceae and seven other families of
 Myrtales.  Fossils from four myrtalean families were
 used to estimate the divergence times within
 Vochysiaceae.  Historical biogeography was estimated
 using ancestral range probabilities and stochastic mapping. KEY
 RESULTS: Monophyly of all genera was supported
 except Qualea, which was split
 by Ruizterania into two
 clades.  Vochysiaceae originated roughly 100 million
 years ago (Mya), splitting into an Afrotropical and a Neotropical lineage
 ca. 50 Mya, and its ancestral range is in the area currently occupied by
 the Cerrado. CONCLUSIONS: The most recent common ancestor of
 Vochysiaceae + Myrtaceae had a West Gondwanan distribution, supporting a
 South American + African ancestral range of
 Vochysiaceae.  On a global scale, geographic range
 reduction was the principal biogeographical event.  At a
 finer scale, initial range reduction was also important and the Cerrado
 region was the most ancestral area with multiple colonization events to
 the Amazon, Central America and the Atlantic
 Forest.  Colonization events occurred from open areas to
 forest vegetation providing an  unusual finding
 regarding evolution of plants in the Neotropics.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n5tb2rbsf
title: Major oscillations in spontaneous home‑cage activity in C57BL/6 mice housed under constant conditions

description: The mouse is the most important mammalian model in life science research
 and the behavior of the mouse is a key read-out of experimental
 interventions and genetic manipulations. To serve this purpose a solid
 understanding of the mouse normal behavior is a prerequisite. Using 14–19
 months of cumulative 24/7 home-cage activity recorded with a non-intrusive
 technique, evidence is here provided for a highly significant circannual
 oscillation in spontaneous activity (1–2 SD of the mean, on average 65%
 higher during peak of highs than lows; P = 7E−50) of male and female
 C57BL/6 mice held under constant conditions. The periodicity of this
 hitherto not recognized oscillation is in the range of 2–4 months (average
 estimate was 97 days across cohorts of cages). It off-sets responses to
 environmental stimuli and co-varies with the feeding behavior but does not
 significantly alter the preference for being active during the dark hours.
 The absence of coordination of this rhythmicity between cages with mice or
 seasons of the year suggest that the oscillation of physical activity is
 generated by a free-running intrinsic oscillator devoid of external timer.
 Due to the magnitude of this rhythmic variation it may be a serious
 confounder in experiments on mice if left unrecognized.
description: Collected via DVC from home-cage. Raw data from the 12 electrodes
 are averaged across electrode per min. Data covers +14 months of activity
 in 14 cages collected in 3 csv files.
description: All 10 data sets (one for
 each cage used) arranged in the three groups are available as three comma
 delimited csv files at: Dryad (doi:xx.xxx/dryad.sxxxxxx). All data files have the following
 column headings for each cage: Example from file CC
 III board GlobalAve age dt (local) n_count 
 A04 0.004902 
 43 2016-11-23
 09:19 238 
 A04 0.005252 
 43 2016-11-23
 09:20 238 
   Where <b>board</b> is
 the cage ID, <b>GlobalAve</b> is the average number of
 activations min<sup>-1</sup> across all twelve electrodes,
 <b>age</b> is the age of the animals inside the cage,
 <b>dt</b> is local date followed by time stamp (CET), and
 <b>n_count</b> is number of samples
 min<sup>-1</sup>. Lights-on and Lights-off,
 respectively, happened every day at 04:00 (h:min; zeitgeber time 0) and
 16:00 (h:min; zeitgeber time 12) dt (local).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.44j0zpc9t
title: Signatures of mito-nuclear climate adaptation in a warbler species complex

description: Mitochondrial (mtDNA) and nuclear (nDNA) genes interact to govern
 metabolic pathways of mitochondria. When differentiated populations
 interbreed at secondary contact, incompatibilities between mtDNA of one
 population and nDNA of the other could result in low fitness of hybrids.
 Hermit Warblers (S. occidentalis) and Townsend’s Warblers (Setophaga
 townsendi) exhibit distinct mtDNA haplotypes and a few nDNA regions of
 high differentiation, whereas coastal S.
 townsendi displays a mix of these genetic patterns consistent
 with ancient hybridization of S. occidentalis and
 inland S. townsendi. Of the few highly-differentiated nDNA
 regions between inland S.
 townsendi and S. occidentalis, two of these
 regions (on chromosome 5 and Z, respectively) are also differentiated
 between coastal and inland S. townsendi, similar to the
 mtDNA pattern. These two nDNA regions are associated with mitochondrial
 fatty acid metabolism. Moreover, these nDNA regions are correlated with
 mtDNA ancestries among sites, a pattern consistent with mito-nuclear
 co-adaptation. Such mito-nuclear coevolution might be driven by
 climate-related selection, because the mito-nuclear ancestry is correlated
 with climatic conditions among sampling sites. These results suggest that
 cryptic differentiation in this species complex has been shaped by
 climate-correlated adaptation associated with mito-nuclear fatty acid
 metabolism.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jwstqjq5z
title: Impact of upwelling on phytoplankton blooms and hypoxia along the Chinese coast in the East China Sea

description: This study evaluates the rarely observed phenomenon of the simultaneous
 occurrences of phytoplankton blooms, hypoxia, and upwelling along the
 Zhejiang coast in the East China Sea. Results show that the upwelling
 uplifted bottom water to 5–10 m below the surface. In the upwelling
 region, phytoplankton blooms (Chl a = 10.9 μg L−1) occurred and hypoxia or
 low-oxygen appeared below the surface water. High concentrations of
 nitrate and phosphate were regenerated in the hypoxic regions,
 corresponding with mean values (± SD) of 16.9 (± 1.5) and 0.90 (± 0.14)
 μM, respectively. The upwelling expanded the region of hypoxic water,
 which nearly reached the surface, thereby increasing the threat to marine
 life. In addition to fluvial nutrients, the upwelling of water with high
 nutrient levels, especially phosphates, can enhance phytoplankton blooms.
 The results suggest that hypoxia can become more severe due to further
 decomposition of bloom-derived organic matter after blooms crash.
description: Seawater temperature, conductivity, and pressure were recorded
 throughout the water column with a CTD (SBE 9 plus, Seabird Electronics
 Inc., USA). Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was measured
 throughout the water column using an irradiance sensor (4π; QSP-200
 L). Water samples were collected using Teflon-coated
 Go-Flo bottles (20 L, General Oceanics Inc., USA) mounted on a General
 Oceanic Rosette® assembly (Model 10151212, General Oceanics Inc.).
 Seawater at each station was taken at six depths at intervals of 3 to 25 m
 depending on the water column depth. Subsamples were taken immediately for
 further analysis [i.e., dissolved oxygen (DO), nutrients, particulate
 organic carbon (POC), and chlorophyll a (Chl a)]. The analyzed methods for
 each variable can be found from the paper. The data has been processed by
 a linear regression analysis using “SigmaStat” to produce a ms accepted
 for publication in Marine Pollution Bulletin.
description: The readme file contains an explanation of each of the variables
 in the dataset, its measurement units. Information on how the measurements
 were done can be found in the associated manuscript referenced
 above.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4j0zpc87r
title: Data from: Role of ambient pressure in self-heating torrefaction of dairy cattle manure

description: This paper describes the role of ambient pressure in self-heating
 torrefaction of livestock manure. We explored the initiating temperatures
 required to cause self-heating of wet dairy cattle manure at different
 ambient pressures (0.1, 0.4, 0.7, and 1.0 MPa). Then, we conducted
 proximate, elemental, and calorific analyses of biochar torrefied at 210,
 250, and 290 °C. The results showed that self-heating was induced at 155
 °C or higher for 0.1 MPa and at 115 °C or lower for 0.4 MPa or higher. The
 decrease of the initiating temperature at elevated pressure was due not
 only to more oxygen, but also to the retention of moisture that can
 promote chemical oxidation of manure. Biochar yields decreased with
 increasing torrefaction temperature and pressure, and the yield difference
 at 0.1 and 1.0 MPa was more substantial at lower temperatures: a 29.8,
 16.4, and 9.4% difference at 210, 250, and 290 °C, respectively. Proximate
 and elemental analyses showed that elevated pressure promotes
 devolatilization, deoxygenation, and coalification compared to atmospheric
 pressure; its impact, however, was less at higher temperatures as the
 torrefaction temperature became more dominant. Calorific analysis revealed
 that elevated pressure can increase the higher heating value (HHV) on a
 dry and ash-free basis at 210 °C because of the increase in carbon
 content, but its impact is limited at 250 and 290 °C. Meanwhile, the HHV
 on a dry basis exhibited the opposite trend due primarily to an
 enlargement of ash content. The present study revealed that ambient
 pressure considerably affects the initiating temperature of self-heating
 and the chemical properties of biochar at a low torrefaction temperature.
description: 1. R statistical software is required for running our
 code. 2. Our R scripts have been developed under R
 statistical software (version 3.6.2 for Mac OS X;
 https://www.r-project.org). 3. The carbon, hydrogen,
 nitrogen, and oxygen contents are expressed on a dry and ash-free (daf)
 basis. You can convert it to a dry basis (db) using the following
 equation; C[%db] = C[%daf] * (1-Ash[%db]/100).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7f8ry2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 145 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Almaleea incurvata",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 145 records from 14 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002263-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p8cz8w9m7
title: Janus microdimer swimming in oscillating magnetic field

description: Artiﬁcial microswimmers powered by magnetic fields have numerous
 applications, such as drug delivery, biosensing for minimally invasive
 medicine and environmental remediation. Recently, a Janus microdimer
 surface walker that can be propelled by an oscillating magnetic field near
 a surface was reported by Li et al.[2018]. To clarify the mechanism for
 the surface walker, we numerically studied in detail a Janus microdimer
 swimming near a wall actuated by an oscillating magnetic field. The
 results showed that a Janus microdimer in an oscillating magnetic field
 can produce magnetic torque in the y-direction, which eventually propels
 the Janus microdimer along the x-direction near a wall. Furthermore, we
 found that the Janus microdimer can also move along a special direction in
 an oscillating magnetic field with two orientations without a wall. The
 knowledge obtained in this study is fundamental for understanding the
 interactions between a Janus microdimer and surfaces in an oscillating
 magnetic field and is useful for controlling Janus microdimer motion with
 or without a wall.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p2ngf1vmz
title: Comparative analysis of larval growth in Lepidoptera reveals instar-level constraints

description: 1. Juvenile growth trajectories evolve via the interplay of selective
 pressures on age and size at maturity, and developmental constraints. In
 insects, the moulting cycle is a major constraint on larval growth
 trajectories. 2. Surface area to volume ratio of a larva decreases during
 growth, so renewal of certain surfaces by moulting is likely needed for
 the maintenance of physiological efficiency. A null hypothesis of
 isometry, implied by Dyar’s Rule, would mean that the relative measures of
 growth remain constant across moults and instars. 3. We studied
 ontogenetic changes and allometry in instar-specific characteristics of
 larval growth in 30 lepidopteran species in a phylogenetic comparative
 framework. 4. Relative instar-specific mass increments (RMI) typically,
 but not invariably, decreased across instars. Ontogenetic change in RMIs
 varied among families with little within-family variation. End-of-instar
 growth deceleration (GD) became stronger with increasing body size across
 instars. Across-instar change in GD was conserved across taxa. Ontogenetic
 allometry was generally non-isometric both in RMI and GD. 5. Results
 indicate that detailed studies on multiple species are needed for
 generalizations concerning growth trajectory evolution. Developmental and
 physiological mechanisms affecting growth trajectory evolution show
 different degrees of evolutionary conservatism, which must be incorporated
 into models of age and size at maturation.
description: Phenotypic data were collected by measuring growing larvae under
 controlled laboratory conditions. Data have been converted in a format
 that can be used in statistical analyses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kd51c5b2t
title: The diet of the striped hyena in Nepal’s lowland regions

description: Striped hyenas (Hyaena hyaena) are extremely rare in Nepal and only a few
 people have studied them in their natural forest and grassland habitat.
 Their rarity is due to anthropogenic pressures such as hunting, habitat
 modification, being killed on roads, and depletion of their natural prey.
 Here, we studied the feeding ecology of hyenas in lowland, Nepal. We
 employed an opportunistic sampling to collect hyena scats in a range of
 habitats, and the line transect sampling to identify the prey of the hyena
 in the study site. We collected 68 hyena scats between 2015 and 2018. Most
 of the hyena scat (39.7%) was found in the Churia Hill forest followed by
 riverbed (26.4%), mixed forest (14.7%), Sal (Shorea robusta), dominated
 forest (11.7%), and grassland area (7.3%). We found eleven mammalian prey
 species, plants and some unidentified items in the hyena scats. The
 frequency of occurrence and relative biomass of the medium-sized wild boar
 (Sus scrofa) was higher than other smaller prey species such as hare
 (Lepus nigricollis) and, rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). Similarly, the
 proportion of large prey species such as nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus)
 in the hyena diet was lower compared with wild boar, hares and rhesus
 macaques indicating medium-sized wild boar is the most preferred prey
 species. Livestock contributed 17.3% of the total dietary biomass.
 Domesticated species such as goats, sheep, cows and even dogs were found
 in the diet of hyenas. Predation of livestock by hyenas could cause
 conflict, especially if this ongoing issue continues in the future.
 Rather, more conservation effort is required in lowland areas of Nepal to
 protect the hyenas' natural prey species, particularly in wildlife
 habitats to reduce the lure of taking domestic livestock. Similarly,
 conservation education at the local level and active involvement of
 government authorities in the conservation of this species might be
 helpful to mitigate human-hyena conflict in the human-dominated landscape.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fn2z34tqs
title: In-water observations highlight the effects of provisioning on whale shark behaviour at the world’s largest whale shark tourism destination

description: The whale shark is the world’s largest fish that forms predictable
 aggregations globally, many of which support tourism industries. The
 largest non-captive provisioned whale shark destination globally is at
 Oslob, Philippines, where &gt;500,000 tourists visit yearly. There,
 the sharks are provisioned daily, year-round, allowing the human-shark
 interaction in nearshore waters. We used in-water behavioural observations
 of whale sharks between 2015 and 2017 to understand the relationship
 between external stimuli and shark behaviour, whether frequency of visits
 at the site can act as a predictor of behaviour, and the tourist
 compliance to the code of conduct. Mixed effects models revealed that the
 number of previous visits at the site was a strong predictor of whale
 shark behaviour, and that provisioned sharks were less likely to exhibit
 avoidance. Compliance was poor, with 93% of surveys having people
 &lt;2 m from the animal, highlighting overcrowding on whale sharks at
 Oslob. Given the behavioural implications to whale sharks highlighted here
 and the local community’s reliance on the tourism industry, it is
 imperative to look into improving management strategies to increase
 tourist compliance and strive for sustainable tourism practices.
description: The dataset was collected using through dedicated focal follows
 (Altmann, 1974) between February 2015 and May 2017. Within each survey, an
 assigned researcher would follow the first shark randomly encountered
 within the study area and identify the individual using
 photo-identification. The researcher would gather observations of the
 shark's predominant behaviour, and as well as events and the
 individual's corresponding reactions. Tourist compliance to the local
 code of conduct was also recorded within each survey.
 The data gathered was processed by fitting a binomial generalised
 linear mixed model (GLMM) using the R program to determine variables that
 influence whale shark behaviour.
description: The attached files include:  
 <strong>FocalFollowSurveys_RSOS_Legaspi-2.xlsx</strong>: a
 copy of the data collected from the focal follow surveys 
 <strong>GLMMcodes_RSOS_Legaspi.rtf</strong>: a
 copy the R-Script and the command codes used in R to analyse the
 dataset
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cnp5hqc27
title: Juvenile socio-ecological environment shapes material technology in nest-building birds

description: Variation in animal material technology, such as tool use and nest
 construction, is thought to be caused, in part, by differences in the
 early-life socio-ecological environment—that is, who and what is
 around—but this developmental hypothesis remains unconfirmed. We used a
 tightly controlled developmental paradigm to determine whether adult
 and/or raw-material access in early life shape first-time nest
 construction in captive zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata at sexual
 maturity. We found that juvenile access to both an unrelated adult and raw
 material of one color led to a majority preference (75%) by novice
 builders for this color of material over that for either natal-nest or
 novel colored material, whereas a lack of juvenile access to both an
 unrelated adult and raw material led to a four- and nearly three-fold
 reduction in the speed at which novice builders initiated and completed
 nest construction, respectively. Contrary to expectation, neither the
 amount of time juveniles nor their adult group-mate spent handling the raw
 material appear to drive these early-life effects on zebra finches’
 first-time nest construction, suggesting that adult presence might be
 sufficient to drive the development of animal material technology.
 Together these data show that the juvenile socio-ecological environment
 can trigger variation in at least two critical aspects of animal material
 technology (material preference and construction speed), revealing a
 potentially powerful developmental window for technological advancement.
 Thus, to understand selection on animal material technology, the
 early-life environment must be considered.
DOI: 10.82294/dvngdiiia
title: Observaciones semiestructuradas. Territorio: Cundinamarca. Eje medular: Experiencia estética. Sector: Cultura. Año: 2025

description: La experiencia estética se concibe como un proceso dinámico y complejo que involucra tanto la cognición como la emoción, manifestándose como una experiencia de un objeto que posee características estéticas. Implica la extracción de significado del entorno y se vincula intrínsecamente con la percepción detallada de las cualidades sensoriales de una obra. Es considerada un activador fundamental de los procesos de aprendizaje y un componente vital para una vida plena (D’Olimpio, 2022; Bara, Binney, Ward, & Ramsey; Manera, 2022)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t4b8gthzc
title: Data from: What smells? Developing in-field methods to characterize the chemical composition of wild mammalian scent cues

description: Olfactory cues play an important role in mammalian biology, but have been
 challenging to assess in the field.  Current methods pose
 problematic issues with sample storage and transportation, limiting our
 ability to connect chemical variation in scents with relevant ecological
 and behavioral contexts.  Real-time, in-field analysis via
 portable gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) has the potential to
 overcome these issues, but with tradeoffs of reduced sensitivity and
 compound mass range.  We field-tested the ability of portable
 GC-MS to support two representative applications of chemical ecology
 research with a wild arboreal primate, common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix
 jacchus).  We developed methods to: 1) evaluate the chemical
 composition of marmoset scent marks deposited at feeding sites, and 2)
 characterize the scent profiles of exudates eaten by marmosets. 
 We successfully collected marmoset scent marks across several canopy
 heights, with the portable GC-MS detecting known components of marmoset
 glandular secretions and differentiating these from in-field
 controls.  Likewise, variation in the chemical profile of scent
 marks demonstrated a significant correlation with marmoset feeding
 behavior, indicating these scents’ biological relevance.  The
 portable GC-MS also delineated species-specific olfactory signatures of
 exudates fed on by marmosets.  Despite the trade-offs, portable
 GC-MS represents a viable option for characterizing olfactory compounds
 used by wild mammals, yielding biologically relevant data.  While
 the decision to adopt portable GC-MS will likely depend on site- and
 project-specific needs, our ability to conduct two example applications
 under relatively challenging field conditions bodes well for the
 versatility of in-field GC-MS.
description: Olfactory data on scent marking and exudate feeding by wild
 common marmoset monkeys (Callithrix jacchus)