cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/9kak-4x02
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Woodhouse - Trail Gulch update - PIED - ITRDB CO649

description: In western North America, snowpack has declined in recent decades, and further losses are projected through the 21st century. Here, we evaluate the uniqueness of recent declines using snowpack reconstructions from 66 tree-ring chronologies in key runoff-generating areas of the Colorado, Columbia, and Missouri River drainages. Over the past millennium, late 20th century snowpack reductions are almost unprecedented in magnitude across the northern Rocky Mountains and in their north-south synchrony across the cordillera. Both the snowpack declines and their synchrony result from unparalleled springtime warming that is due to positive reinforcement of the anthropogenic warming by decadal variability. The increasing role of warming on large-scale snowpack variability and trends foreshadows fundamental impacts on streamflow and water supplies across the western United States.
description: Purpose of Collection: 
# Climatology - Snowpack reconstruction
#  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/93kj-xw93
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Wiles - Basin Bushwack - TSME - ITRDB AK100

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/9pdq-xk02
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - North Icelandic Shelf 1350 Year Molusc Radiocarbon Data

description: Despite numerous investigations, the dynamical origins of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age remain uncertain. A major unresolved issue relating to internal climate dynamics is the mode and tempo of Atlantic meridional overturning circulation variability, and the significance of decadal-to-centennial scale changes in Atlantic meridional overturning circulation strength in regulating the climate of the last millennium. Here we use the time-constrained high-resolution local radiocarbon reservoir age offset derived from an absolutely dated annually resolved shell chronology spanning the past 1,350 years, to reconstruct changes in surface ocean circulation and climate. The water mass tracer data presented here from the North Icelandic shelf, combined with previously published data from the Arctic and subtropical Atlantic, show that surface Atlantic meridional overturning circulation dynamics likely amplified the relatively warm conditions during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the relatively cool conditions during the Little Ice Age within the North Atlantic sector.
description: Radiocarbon content of shells of the long-lived marine bivalve 
Arctica islandica collected on the North Icelandic shelf. 
The shells were absolutely dated using crossdating techniques 
derived from dendrochronology, and provide a 1350-year record 
of water mass migration and strength of the Atlantic meridional 
overturning circulation. 

Shells were collected near the island of Grimsey, North Icelandic 
Shelf, at a water depth of 81-83 m from the RV Bjarni Saemundsson 
(Cruise No. B05-2006, trawl B05AD03). 

Trawl B05AD03: 66°31.59'N, 18°11.74'W, ~82m water depth.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.1.1880.5203/1
title: General mechanisms of citation system of scientific articles(581)
DOI: 10.25921/90gw-xm38
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - East Rongbuk Glacier 350 Year Trace Element Data

description: High-resolution major and trace elements (Sr, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Bi, U, Tl, Al, S, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co) quantified in a Mount Everest ice core (6518 m above sea level) spanning the period 1650-2002 AD provides the first Asian record of trace element concentrations from the pre-industrial era, and the first continuous high-resolution Asian record from which natural baseline concentrations and subsequent changes due to anthropogenic activities can be examined. Modern concentrations of most elements remain within the pre-industrial range; however, Bi, U, and Cs concentrations and their enrichment factors (EF) have increased since the ~1950s, and S and Ca concentrations and their EFs have increased since the late 1980s. A comparison of the Bi, U, Cs, S, and Ca data with other ice core records and production data indicates that the increase in atmospheric concentrations of trace elements is widespread, but that enrichment varies regionally. Likely sources for the recent enrichment of these elements include mining, metal smelting, oil and coal combustion, and end uses for Bi, and mining and refinement for U and Cs. The source of the synchronous enrichment of Ca and S is less certain, but may be related to land use and environmental change.
description: High resolution (sub-annual) Sr, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, 
Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Bi, U, Tl, Al, S, Ca, Ti, V, 
Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co data from the 2002 Mt. Everest East Rongbuk 
Glacier col ice core.
DOI: 10.25921/9zwb-xa02
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Woodhouse - Green Mountain Reservoir update - PSME - ITRDB CO646

description: In western North America, snowpack has declined in recent decades, and further losses are projected through the 21st century. Here, we evaluate the uniqueness of recent declines using snowpack reconstructions from 66 tree-ring chronologies in key runoff-generating areas of the Colorado, Columbia, and Missouri River drainages. Over the past millennium, late 20th century snowpack reductions are almost unprecedented in magnitude across the northern Rocky Mountains and in their north-south synchrony across the cordillera. Both the snowpack declines and their synchrony result from unparalleled springtime warming that is due to positive reinforcement of the anthropogenic warming by decadal variability. The increasing role of warming on large-scale snowpack variability and trends foreshadows fundamental impacts on streamflow and water supplies across the western United States.
description: Purpose of Collection: 
# Climatology - Snowpack reconstruction
#  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/9x9a-qa41
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Arabian Sea MD04-2881 750KYr Paleoproductivity Data

description: Marine isotope stage (MIS) 13 (~500 000 years ago) has been recognized as atypical in many paleoclimate records and, in particular, it has been connected to an exceptionally strong summer monsoon throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we present a multi-proxy study of a sediment core taken from the Murray Ridge at an intermediate water depth in the northern Arabian Sea that covers the last 750 000 years. Our results indicate that primary productivity conditions were anomalously high during MIS 13 in the Arabian Sea and led to extreme carbonate dissolution and glauconitization in the deep-sea sediments. These observations could be explained by increased wind driven upwelling of nutrient-rich deep waters and, hence, by the occurrence of an exceptionally strong summer monsoon event during MIS 13, as it was suggested in earlier studies. However, ice core records from Antarctica demonstrate that atmospheric methane concentrations, which are linked to the extent of tropical wetlands, were relatively low during this period. This constitutes a strong argument against an extremely enhanced global monsoon circulation during MIS 13 which, moreover, is in contrast with results of transient climate modelling experiments. As an alternative solution for the aberrant conditions in the Arabian Sea record, we propose that the high primary productivity was probably related to the onset of an intensive meridional overturning circulation in the Atlantic Ocean at the end of the Mid-Pleistocene transition. This may have led to an increased supply of nutrient-rich deep waters into the Indian Ocean euphotic zone, thereby triggering the observed productivity maximum.
description: Multiproxy geochemical record of Arabian Sea primary productivity 
from Murray Ridge core MD04-2881.  

Age estimates are based on tuning the benthic oxygen isotope 
record to the global LR04 isotope stack
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2xhdn7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 339 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Cheilosia caerulescens",
 "Country is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 339 records from 9 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0025175-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/9kjx-jk22
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - LOVECLIM Climate Model Simulation Constrained by Mann et al. 2009 Reconstruction

description: Proxy reconstructions suggest that peak global temperature during the past warm interval known as the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, roughly 950-1250 AD) has been exceeded only during the most recent decades. To better understand the origin of this warm period, we use model simulations constrained by data assimilation establishing the spatial pattern of temperature changes that is most consistent with forcing estimates, model physics and the empirical information contained in paleoclimate proxy records. These numerical experiments demonstrate that the reconstructed spatial temperature pattern of the MCA can be explained by a simple thermodynamical response of the climate system to relatively weak changes in radiative forcing combined with a modification of the atmospheric circulation, displaying some similarities with the positive phase of the so-called Arctic Oscillation, and with northward shifts in the position of the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio currents. The mechanisms underlying the MCA are thus quite different from anthropogenic mechanisms responsible for modern global warming.
description: We have performed simulations with the LOVECLIM climate model 
(Goosse et al. 2010) using a so-called "particle filter" 
(van Leeuwen 2009; Dubinkina et al. 2011) that constrains model 
results to follow the signal provided by an annual mean surface 
temperature reconstruction based on a global proxy data network 
(Mann et al. 2009). The central variable in our results is thus 
also the annual mean temperature. The data constrain is applied 
only over the region 30-90°N so this is the only region where 
a good agreement with the reconstruction is expected. 


The data is in the file ts_LOVECLIM_ASSIM_MANN2009.nc. 
It includes annual mean temperatures on a Gaussian 62 x 32 grid. 
The data is in netCDF format and contains one variable, ts, 
the surface temperature in the model in °C for the period 501AD-2000AD. 
It is the best estimate provided by the data assimilation method.
DOI: 10.25921/92q9-4583
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Laguna Pumacocha, Peru, Holocene Stable Isotope Data

description: Oxygen isotope ratios of authigenic calcite (d18Ocal) measured at annual to decadal resolution from Laguna Pumacocha document Andean precipitation variability during the last 11,200 years. Modern limnological data show that Pumacocha d18Ocal reflects the average annual isotopic composition of the lake's surface waters (d18Olw), and that d18Olw tracks the isotopic composition of precipitation (d18Oprecip), which is largely controlled by the intensity of the South American summer monsoon (SASM). Based on these relationships we use down-core d18Ocal measurements as a proxy for d18Oprecip that varies with the intensity of SASM precipitation. Pumacocha d18Ocal increased rapidly between 11,200 and 10,300 yr B.P. from -14.5‰ to -10.5‰, reaching a maximum of -10.3‰ by 9800 yr B.P. After 9800 yr B.P., d18Ocal underwent a long-term decrease that tracked increasing Southern Hemisphere summer insolation, suggesting that enhanced SASM precipitation was linked to precessional forcing. Higher-frequency trends did not follow insolation and therefore represent other variability in the climate system. Millennial-scale trends from Pumacocha strongly resemble those from lower-resolution tropical Andean ice and lake core isotopic records, particularly the Huascaran ice core, and low elevation speleothems. These relationships suggest that tropical Andean isotopic records reflect variations in precipitation intensity related to precessional forcing rather than tropical temperatures. They also demonstrate a coherent pattern of SASM variability, although with differences between low elevation and Andean records during the late Glacial to Holocene transition and the late Holocene. Centennial and decadal SASM precipitation variability is also apparent. Reduced SASM rainfall occurred from 10,000-9200, 7000-5000, 1500-900 yr B.P. and during the last 100 years. Intensifications of the SASM occurred at 5000, 2200-1500, and 550-130 yr B.P. with the amplitude of variability increasing after 2200 yr B.P. These periods may represent SASM responses to ocean-atmosphere variability related to orbital and radiative forcing (e.g., El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Intertropical Convergence Zone).
description: Stable isotope and limnological data from Laguna Pumacocha, Peru, spanning the last 11,000 years. 0 yr B.P. = AD 1950. Laguna Pumacocha, Peru: 10.700154°S, 76.060543°W, 4300 m asl, water depth 23.5 m.
DOI: 10.25921/9fae-6003
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southeastern United States 346 Year PDSI Reconstruction

description: The depth of the 2006-9 drought in the humid, southeastern US left several metropolitan areas with only a 60-120 day water supply. To put the region's recent drought variability in a long-term perspective, a dense and diverse tree-ring network-including the first records throughout the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint river basin - is used to reconstruct drought from 1665 to 2010 CE. The network accounts for up to 58.1% of the annual variance in warm-season drought during the 20th century and captures wet eras during the middle to late 20th century. The reconstruction shows that the recent droughts are not unprecedented over the last 346 years. Indeed, droughts of extended duration occurred more frequently between 1696 and 1820. Our results indicate that the era in which local and state water supply decisions were developed and the period of instrumental data upon which it is based are amongst the wettest since at least 1665. Given continued growth and subsequent industrial, agricultural and metropolitan demand throughout the southeast, insights from paleohydroclimate records suggest that the threat of water-related conflict in the region has potential to grow more intense in the decades to come.
description: Tree ring reconstruction of southeastern US drought (Palmer Drought Severity Index, PDSI) for the headwaters of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) river basin over the last 346 years. Instrumental PDSI data from NOAA's north-central Georgia climate division are used from 2002-2010 to complete the tree-ring based reconstruction up to 2010. Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) headwaters region, SE USA: ~32-35°N, ~83-86°W
DOI: 10.25921/95m3-5z83
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Baisan - Green River House historical - TSCA - ITRDB VT013

description: Six water emergencies have occurred since 1981 for the New York City region (NYC) despite: 1) its perhumid climate, 2) substantial conservation of water since 1979 and 3) meteorological data showing little severe or extreme drought since 1970. We reconstruct 472 years of moisture availability for the NYC watershed to place these emergencies in long-term hydroclimatic context. Using nested reconstruction techniques, 32 tree-ring chronologies comprised of 12 species account for up to 66.2% of the average May-August Palmer Drought Severity Index. Verification statistics indicate good statistical skill from 1531-2003. The use of multiple tree species, including rarely-used species that can sometimes occur on mesic sites like Liriodendron tulipifera, Betula lenta and Carya spp., seems to aid reconstruction skill. Importantly, the reconstruction captures pluvial events in the instrumental record nearly as well as drought events and is significantly correlated to precipitation over much of the northeastern US. While the mid-1960s drought is a severe drought in the context of the new reconstruction, the region experienced repeated droughts of similar intensity, but greater duration during the 16th and 17th centuries. The full record reveals a trend towards more pluvial conditions since ca 1800 that is accentuated by an unprecedented, 43-year pluvial event that continues through 2011. In the context of the current pluvial, decreasing water usage, but increasing extra-urban pressures, it appears that the water supply system for the greater NYC region could be severely stressed if the current water boom shifts towards hydroclimatic regimes like the 16th and 17th centuries.
description: This collection of Tsuga canadensis raw ring widths was made 
# from the Green River House in Guilford, VT by C. Baisan. 
# Construction was in 1835~1838 and composed of local timber.
# 
# While we cannot say much about the original forest from which 
# these timbers originated, it is not a stretch to consider 
# detrending these raw data with closed-canopy or forest interior 
# conditions in mind given eastern hemlock?s basic life-history 
# traits and typical growth patterns.
# 
# For the Pederson et al. (2012) paper, these data were combined 
# with the Pack Forest (Tsuga canadensis) data that are accessible 
# in the ITRDB. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the USGS Elevation Point Query Service (epqs) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.kkgqcz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 821 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "Continent is North America",
 "TaxonKey is Convallaria majalis"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 821 records from 97 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0025178-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/9pvb-w333
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kangerlussuaq, Greenland Holocene Multiproxy Lake Sediment Data

description: The Kangerlussuaq area of southwest Greenland is a lake-rich landscape that covers a climate gradient: a more maritime, cooler and wetter coastal zone contrasts with a dry, continental interior. Radiocarbon-dated sediment sequences (covering ~11,200-8,300 cal year) from paired lakes at the coast and the head of the fjord were analysed for lithostratigraphic variables (organic-matter content, bulk density, Ti, Ca). Minerogenic and carbon accumulation rates from the four lakes were compared to determine catchment and lake response to Holocene climatic variability. Catchment erosion at the coast was dominated by cryonival processes, with considerable sediment production due to the limited vegetation cover and exposed rock faces. Input of minerogenic sediment at one site (AT4) was high (>1 gDW cm-2 year-1) during the period 5,800-4,000 cal year BP, perhaps reflecting intensification of cryogenic processes on northeast-facing slopes and rapid delivery to the lake. This period of erosional activity was not observed at the nearby, higher elevation site (AT1) due to the lower catchment relief; instead, there was an abrupt decline in carbon and minerogenic accumulation rates at ~5,800 cal year BP. Sediment accumulation rates at the inland sites were much lower (<0.005 gDW cm-2 year-1) reflecting greater catchment stability (more extensive vegetation cover), lower relief and substantially lower precipitation, but synchronous increases in mineral accumulation rates from ~1,200 to 1,000 cal year BP may reflect wind erosion associated with regional cooling and local aridity. Carbon-accumulation-rate profiles were similar at the two inland sites, with higher-than-average accumulation (~6-8 g C m-2 year-1) during the early Holocene and a subsequent decline after ~6,000 cal year BP. At the inland lakes, both mineral and carbon accumulation rates exhibited a stronger link to climate, driven by trends in effective precipitation and regional aeolian activity. Catchment differences (relief, altitude) lead to more individualistic records in both erosion history and lake productivity at the coast.
description: Multiproxy Holocene sediment data from 4 lakes in Kangerlussuaq, southwest Greenland. The lakes sampled include two near the coast (AT1 and AT4) and two at the head of the fjord (SS1381 and SS8). Paleoenvironmental proxies measured include Loss-on-Ignition (LOI), Mass Accumulation Rate (MAR), bulk density, plus Calcium and Titanium content derived from XRF.
Kangerlussuaq lake locations: 
SS1381: 67.014°N, 51.102°W, 196m elevation, 18m water depth
SS8: 67.011°N, 51.074°W, 188m elevation, 10m water depth
AT1: 66.968°N, 53.402°W, 475m elevation, 16m water depth
AT4: 66.965°N, 53.499°W, 200m elevation, 17m water depth.
DOI: 10.25921/98tq-kh79
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Barclay - Prince William Sound - TSME - ITRDB AK094

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/94yp-pf53
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Knight - Spreewell Bluff - PIPA - ITRDB GA017

description: The depth of the 2006-9 drought in the humid, southeastern US left several metropolitan areas with only a 60-120 day water supply. To put the region's recent drought variability in a long-term perspective, a dense and diverse tree-ring network-including the first records throughout the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint river basin - is used to reconstruct drought from 1665 to 2010 CE. The network accounts for up to 58.1% of the annual variance in warm-season drought during the 20th century and captures wet eras during the middle to late 20th century. The reconstruction shows that the recent droughts are not unprecedented over the last 346 years. Indeed, droughts of extended duration occurred more frequently between 1696 and 1820. Our results indicate that the era in which local and state water supply decisions were developed and the period of instrumental data upon which it is based are amongst the wettest since at least 1665. Given continued growth and subsequent industrial, agricultural and metropolitan demand throughout the southeast, insights from paleohydroclimate records suggest that the threat of water-related conflict in the region has potential to grow more intense in the decades to come.
description:  NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.