cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14459019
title: Exploring possible ontogenetic trajectories in tyrannosaurids using tracks from the Wapiti Formation (upper Campanian) of Alberta, Canada

description: Fossil tracks should theoretically capture differences in pedal anatomy between growth stages of the same taxon, particularly those related to the soft tissue of the foot, providing a more realistic view of pedal ontogeny than skeletal material alone. However, recognizing these ontogenetic trajectories is complicated by the influence of preservation and kinematics on track morphology, as well as the inherent difficulty of referring different tracks to a single taxon. Here, we explore differences in track morphology from a collection of tracks attributed to tyrannosaurids from Unit 4 of the Wapiti Formation (upper Campanian) in western Canada. Along with morphology, close geographic and stratigraphic associations suggest that the tracks pertain to similar tyrannosaurid trackmakers. A geometric morphometric analysis of the track outlines reveals size-dependent increase in relative track robusticity, driven primarily by an increase in ‘heel’ breadth and surface area. This relationship is lost when the dataset is expanded to include tyrannosaurid tracks globally, which we attribute to increased stratigraphic and taxonomic ‘noise’ within the global dataset that masks the tightly constrained patterns obtained from the Wapiti Formation tracks. Although there is some substrate and kinematic influence on certain aspects of track morphology, we hypothesize that the observed size-dependent relationship reflects genuine expansion in the breadth of the heel soft tissues and probably their overall surface area associated with growth. Increased pedal robusticity likely assisted with weight bearing and locomotor stability as body mass increased over ontogeny, supporting previous hypotheses that some tyrannosaurids underwent a growth-related reduction in relative agility and/or cursorial performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14459019.v1
title: Exploring possible ontogenetic trajectories in tyrannosaurids using tracks from the Wapiti Formation (upper Campanian) of Alberta, Canada

description: Fossil tracks should theoretically capture differences in pedal anatomy between growth stages of the same taxon, particularly those related to the soft tissue of the foot, providing a more realistic view of pedal ontogeny than skeletal material alone. However, recognizing these ontogenetic trajectories is complicated by the influence of preservation and kinematics on track morphology, as well as the inherent difficulty of referring different tracks to a single taxon. Here, we explore differences in track morphology from a collection of tracks attributed to tyrannosaurids from Unit 4 of the Wapiti Formation (upper Campanian) in western Canada. Along with morphology, close geographic and stratigraphic associations suggest that the tracks pertain to similar tyrannosaurid trackmakers. A geometric morphometric analysis of the track outlines reveals size-dependent increase in relative track robusticity, driven primarily by an increase in ‘heel’ breadth and surface area. This relationship is lost when the dataset is expanded to include tyrannosaurid tracks globally, which we attribute to increased stratigraphic and taxonomic ‘noise’ within the global dataset that masks the tightly constrained patterns obtained from the Wapiti Formation tracks. Although there is some substrate and kinematic influence on certain aspects of track morphology, we hypothesize that the observed size-dependent relationship reflects genuine expansion in the breadth of the heel soft tissues and probably their overall surface area associated with growth. Increased pedal robusticity likely assisted with weight bearing and locomotor stability as body mass increased over ontogeny, supporting previous hypotheses that some tyrannosaurids underwent a growth-related reduction in relative agility and/or cursorial performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13553464.v1
title: Effects of football fitness training on lymphedema and upper-extremity function in women after treatment for breast cancer: a randomized trial

description: Breast cancer survivors are encouraged to be physically active. A recent review suggests that football training is an effective exercise modality for women across the lifespan, positively influencing health variables such as strength, fitness and social well-being. However, football is a contact sport, potentially posing an increased risk of trauma-related injury. Against this backdrop, breast cancer survivors are advised to avoid trauma or injury to the affected or at-risk arm in order to protect against lymphedema onset or exacerbation. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the feasibility and safety of Football Fitness training in relation to lymphedema and upper-extremity function after treatment for breast cancer. Sixty-eight women aged 18–75 years, who had received surgery for stage I-III breast cancer and completed (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy within five years, were randomized (2:1) to a Football Fitness group (FFG, <i>n</i> = 46) or a control group (CON, <i>n</i> = 22) for twelve months. Secondary analyses using linear mixed models were performed to assess changes in upper-body morbidity, specifically arm lymphedema (inter-arm volume % difference, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; extracellular fluid (L-Dex), bioimpedance spectroscopy), self-reported breast and arm symptoms (EORTC breast cancer-specific questionnaire (BR23) and upper-extremity function (DASH questionnaire) at baseline, six- and twelve-month follow-up. We observed similar point prevalent cases of lymphedema between groups at all time points, irrespective of measurement method. At the six-month post-baseline assessment, reductions in L-Dex (extracellular fluid) were found in FFG versus CON. These significant findings were not maintained at the twelve-month assessment. No difference between groups was observed for inter-limb volume difference %, nor any of the remaining outcomes. While superiority of Football Fitness was not observed, the results support that participation in Football Fitness training is feasible and suggests no negative effects on breast cancer-specific upper-body morbidity, including lymphedema. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03284567
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13553464
title: Effects of football fitness training on lymphedema and upper-extremity function in women after treatment for breast cancer: a randomized trial

description: Breast cancer survivors are encouraged to be physically active. A recent review suggests that football training is an effective exercise modality for women across the lifespan, positively influencing health variables such as strength, fitness and social well-being. However, football is a contact sport, potentially posing an increased risk of trauma-related injury. Against this backdrop, breast cancer survivors are advised to avoid trauma or injury to the affected or at-risk arm in order to protect against lymphedema onset or exacerbation. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the feasibility and safety of Football Fitness training in relation to lymphedema and upper-extremity function after treatment for breast cancer. Sixty-eight women aged 18–75 years, who had received surgery for stage I-III breast cancer and completed (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy within five years, were randomized (2:1) to a Football Fitness group (FFG, <i>n</i> = 46) or a control group (CON, <i>n</i> = 22) for twelve months. Secondary analyses using linear mixed models were performed to assess changes in upper-body morbidity, specifically arm lymphedema (inter-arm volume % difference, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; extracellular fluid (L-Dex), bioimpedance spectroscopy), self-reported breast and arm symptoms (EORTC breast cancer-specific questionnaire (BR23) and upper-extremity function (DASH questionnaire) at baseline, six- and twelve-month follow-up. We observed similar point prevalent cases of lymphedema between groups at all time points, irrespective of measurement method. At the six-month post-baseline assessment, reductions in L-Dex (extracellular fluid) were found in FFG versus CON. These significant findings were not maintained at the twelve-month assessment. No difference between groups was observed for inter-limb volume difference %, nor any of the remaining outcomes. While superiority of Football Fitness was not observed, the results support that participation in Football Fitness training is feasible and suggests no negative effects on breast cancer-specific upper-body morbidity, including lymphedema. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03284567
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13622148
title: Self-reported questionnaires for lymphoedema: a systematic review of measurement properties using COSMIN framework

description: Lymphoedema may develop as a result of numerous genetic and traumatic causes; however, treatment for cancer is the most common cause of its development in more economically developed nations. This systematic review critically appraised, compared and summarised the measurement properties of lymphoedema-specific self-reported questionnaires (SRQs) measuring various patient-reported outcomes including quality of life (QOL), function, morbidity, and symptoms. Seven databases were searched to identify studies of the measurement properties of SRQs. Two review teams independently evaluated the quality of the individual studies using the risk of bias tool from the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN). Measurement properties of the SRQs presented in the studies were then rated. Study level ratings were summarised for an SRQ if they were reported in multiple studies, and their overall quality of the evidence were then graded. Forty articles, reporting on 19 SRQs were identified from 8615 records. The focus of the 19 SRQs included eight on QOL, four on symptoms, two on function, and two on impairment. The other three SRQs were on illness perception, self-efficacy, and patient-relevant treatment benefit, respectively. Eight and three SRQs were upper limb and lower limb-specific, respectively, whereas seven questionnaires were for both upper and lower limb lymphoedema. One SRQ was developed for head and neck lymphoedema. According to the COSMIN framework, none of the SRQs reviewed had sufficient evidence to support all nine measurement properties. In lower limb questionnaires, the LYMQOL-leg has sufficient content, structural, and construct validity as well as internal consistency and reliability. For upper limb lymphoedema questionnaires, the Lymph-ICF-UL had sufficient content and construct validity as well as reliability. LYMQOL-leg SRQ is recommended with confidence for evaluation of QOL of people with lower limb lymphoedema while the Lymph-ICF-UL is recommended for evaluation of the QOL of the breast cancer-related lymphoedema with some confidence. In view of the high level of the indeterminate ratings of the measurement properties of the existing SRQs, further research is desirable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13622148.v1
title: Self-reported questionnaires for lymphoedema: a systematic review of measurement properties using COSMIN framework

description: Lymphoedema may develop as a result of numerous genetic and traumatic causes; however, treatment for cancer is the most common cause of its development in more economically developed nations. This systematic review critically appraised, compared and summarised the measurement properties of lymphoedema-specific self-reported questionnaires (SRQs) measuring various patient-reported outcomes including quality of life (QOL), function, morbidity, and symptoms. Seven databases were searched to identify studies of the measurement properties of SRQs. Two review teams independently evaluated the quality of the individual studies using the risk of bias tool from the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN). Measurement properties of the SRQs presented in the studies were then rated. Study level ratings were summarised for an SRQ if they were reported in multiple studies, and their overall quality of the evidence were then graded. Forty articles, reporting on 19 SRQs were identified from 8615 records. The focus of the 19 SRQs included eight on QOL, four on symptoms, two on function, and two on impairment. The other three SRQs were on illness perception, self-efficacy, and patient-relevant treatment benefit, respectively. Eight and three SRQs were upper limb and lower limb-specific, respectively, whereas seven questionnaires were for both upper and lower limb lymphoedema. One SRQ was developed for head and neck lymphoedema. According to the COSMIN framework, none of the SRQs reviewed had sufficient evidence to support all nine measurement properties. In lower limb questionnaires, the LYMQOL-leg has sufficient content, structural, and construct validity as well as internal consistency and reliability. For upper limb lymphoedema questionnaires, the Lymph-ICF-UL had sufficient content and construct validity as well as reliability. LYMQOL-leg SRQ is recommended with confidence for evaluation of QOL of people with lower limb lymphoedema while the Lymph-ICF-UL is recommended for evaluation of the QOL of the breast cancer-related lymphoedema with some confidence. In view of the high level of the indeterminate ratings of the measurement properties of the existing SRQs, further research is desirable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13721843
title: Sinonasal cancer in Denmark 2008–2015: a population-based phase-4 cohort study from DAHANCA

description: Sinonasal cancer is considered a rare disease with poor survival. Its treatment has changed profoundly in recent years, primarily following the introduction of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and minimally invasive endoscopic surgery. Danish national guidelines on treatment of patients diagnosed with sinonasal carcinoma were introduced in 2007. The aim of this phase-4 study was to assess the effect of the implementation of guidelines by describing treatment outcomes in a consecutive nationwide cohort. All patients diagnosed with sinonasal carcinoma in Denmark from 2008 to 2015 were identified in the nationwide clinical database, DAHANCA, and were followed until May 2020. Overall survival (OS) was analysed using Kaplan–Meier estimator. Cumulative incidence of locoregional failure (LRF) and disease-specific mortality (DSM) were analysed using the Aalen–Johansen estimator. Competing risks were death from other causes (DSM) and distant failure and death (LRF). Analysis of prognostic factors was performed using Cox proportional hazard analysis. Start of follow-up was time of diagnosis. The results are presented as estimates with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). A total of 331 patients were identified. Curatively intended treatment was performed in 264 patients (80%). Non-compliance with treatment guidelines was registered in 24 patients (9%). Non-compliance was associated with LRF (hazard ratio [HR], 2.0 [95% CI: 1.1–3.5]). Among patients qualified for curative treatment, failure occurred in 109 patients (41%), primarily at the primary tumour site (81%). Anatomical tumour site and disease stage were independent prognostic factors. The 5-year OS was 56% in patients treated with curative intent, and a combined treatment strategy showed reduced LRF (HR, 0.53 [95% CI: 0.30–0.92]) in a multivariate analysis. Guideline compliance and a combined treatment approach reduced the incidence of LRF and thereby increased OS. Our results confirm those of international studies. Treatment of sinonasal carcinoma remains a challenge that requires multidisciplinary team coordination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13582347
title: Extending hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy to tumours larger than 70cc – effects and side effects

description: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for tumours ≥5 cm is poorly studied and its utility and feasibility is uncertain. We here report the Karolinska experience of SBRT in this setting. All patients had a gross tumour volume (GTV) ≥70 cc, a prescribed physical dose of at least 40 Gy and received treatment between 1995–2012. We included 164 patients with 175 tumours located in the thorax (<i>n</i> = 86), the liver (<i>n</i> = 27) and the abdomen (<i>n</i> = 62) and treated with a median prescribed dose (BED<sub>α/β 10Gy</sub>) of 80 Gy (71.4–113). One- and 2- year local control rates were 82% and 61%. In multivariate analyses, minimum dose to the GTV and histological subtype were associated with local control. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) histology showed the most favourable local control − 94% at 2 years for all histologies. Thirty-seven patients experienced grade 3–5 toxicity most likely related to SBRT. Seven of the ten patients with grade 5 toxicity, had a centrally located tumour in the thorax. SBRT of tumours &gt;5 cm in diameter may be an option for peripherally located lung and abdominal tumours. Histological origin and tumour location should be considered before treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13721843.v1
title: Sinonasal cancer in Denmark 2008–2015: a population-based phase-4 cohort study from DAHANCA

description: Sinonasal cancer is considered a rare disease with poor survival. Its treatment has changed profoundly in recent years, primarily following the introduction of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and minimally invasive endoscopic surgery. Danish national guidelines on treatment of patients diagnosed with sinonasal carcinoma were introduced in 2007. The aim of this phase-4 study was to assess the effect of the implementation of guidelines by describing treatment outcomes in a consecutive nationwide cohort. All patients diagnosed with sinonasal carcinoma in Denmark from 2008 to 2015 were identified in the nationwide clinical database, DAHANCA, and were followed until May 2020. Overall survival (OS) was analysed using Kaplan–Meier estimator. Cumulative incidence of locoregional failure (LRF) and disease-specific mortality (DSM) were analysed using the Aalen–Johansen estimator. Competing risks were death from other causes (DSM) and distant failure and death (LRF). Analysis of prognostic factors was performed using Cox proportional hazard analysis. Start of follow-up was time of diagnosis. The results are presented as estimates with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). A total of 331 patients were identified. Curatively intended treatment was performed in 264 patients (80%). Non-compliance with treatment guidelines was registered in 24 patients (9%). Non-compliance was associated with LRF (hazard ratio [HR], 2.0 [95% CI: 1.1–3.5]). Among patients qualified for curative treatment, failure occurred in 109 patients (41%), primarily at the primary tumour site (81%). Anatomical tumour site and disease stage were independent prognostic factors. The 5-year OS was 56% in patients treated with curative intent, and a combined treatment strategy showed reduced LRF (HR, 0.53 [95% CI: 0.30–0.92]) in a multivariate analysis. Guideline compliance and a combined treatment approach reduced the incidence of LRF and thereby increased OS. Our results confirm those of international studies. Treatment of sinonasal carcinoma remains a challenge that requires multidisciplinary team coordination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13139347
title: Vitamin D levels and the risk of prostate cancer and prostate cancer mortality

description: Vitamin D has a role in bone turnover and potentially bone-metastatic spread of prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this observational study was to address the association between levels of serum vitamin D, diagnosis of PCa and subsequent mortality in men who underwent a biopsy of the prostate. All men who underwent prostatic biopsy in the Danish PCa Registry (DaPCaR) and who had a serum vitamin D measurement during the period 2004 to 2010 (<i>n</i> = 4,065) were identified. Men were categorized by clinical cut-offs based on seasonally adjusted serum vitamin D levels in &lt;25 (deficient), 25–50 (insufficient), 50–75 (sufficient) and &gt;75 nmol/L (high) serum vitamin D. Logistic regression model for association between vitamin D and risk of PCa diagnosis and multivariate survival analyses were applied. No association between serum vitamin D and risk of PCa was found. Overall survival was lowest for serum vitamin D deficiency and a significantly higher PCa specific mortality (HR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.45–3.90, <i>p</i> p = .001) was found for PCa patients with serum vitamin D deficiency compared to serum vitamin D sufficiency. No association was found between serum vitamin D categories and risk of PCa in men who underwent biopsy of the prostate. Men with PCa and serum vitamin D deficiency had a higher overall and PCa specific mortality compared to men with a sufficient level of serum vitamin D.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13139347.v1
title: Vitamin D levels and the risk of prostate cancer and prostate cancer mortality

description: Vitamin D has a role in bone turnover and potentially bone-metastatic spread of prostate cancer (PCa). The aim of this observational study was to address the association between levels of serum vitamin D, diagnosis of PCa and subsequent mortality in men who underwent a biopsy of the prostate. All men who underwent prostatic biopsy in the Danish PCa Registry (DaPCaR) and who had a serum vitamin D measurement during the period 2004 to 2010 (<i>n</i> = 4,065) were identified. Men were categorized by clinical cut-offs based on seasonally adjusted serum vitamin D levels in &lt;25 (deficient), 25–50 (insufficient), 50–75 (sufficient) and &gt;75 nmol/L (high) serum vitamin D. Logistic regression model for association between vitamin D and risk of PCa diagnosis and multivariate survival analyses were applied. No association between serum vitamin D and risk of PCa was found. Overall survival was lowest for serum vitamin D deficiency and a significantly higher PCa specific mortality (HR: 2.37, 95%CI: 1.45–3.90, <i>p</i> p = .001) was found for PCa patients with serum vitamin D deficiency compared to serum vitamin D sufficiency. No association was found between serum vitamin D categories and risk of PCa in men who underwent biopsy of the prostate. Men with PCa and serum vitamin D deficiency had a higher overall and PCa specific mortality compared to men with a sufficient level of serum vitamin D.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13582347.v1
title: Extending hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy to tumours larger than 70cc – effects and side effects

description: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for tumours ≥5 cm is poorly studied and its utility and feasibility is uncertain. We here report the Karolinska experience of SBRT in this setting. All patients had a gross tumour volume (GTV) ≥70 cc, a prescribed physical dose of at least 40 Gy and received treatment between 1995–2012. We included 164 patients with 175 tumours located in the thorax (<i>n</i> = 86), the liver (<i>n</i> = 27) and the abdomen (<i>n</i> = 62) and treated with a median prescribed dose (BED<sub>α/β 10Gy</sub>) of 80 Gy (71.4–113). One- and 2- year local control rates were 82% and 61%. In multivariate analyses, minimum dose to the GTV and histological subtype were associated with local control. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) histology showed the most favourable local control − 94% at 2 years for all histologies. Thirty-seven patients experienced grade 3–5 toxicity most likely related to SBRT. Seven of the ten patients with grade 5 toxicity, had a centrally located tumour in the thorax. SBRT of tumours &gt;5 cm in diameter may be an option for peripherally located lung and abdominal tumours. Histological origin and tumour location should be considered before treatment.