cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/fqh-l20-hd6
title: Juncus soranthus Schrenk

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/xmf-rtj-whw
title: Rumex dentatus subsp. dentatus

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/0r7-zmp-8j2
title: Chamaenerion angustifolium subsp. circumvagum (Mosquin) Moldenke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/9wg-fza-nzr
title: Oryza sativa L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/jth-823-mhn
title: Oryza sativa L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/6z9-f2m-8pq
title: Nepsera aquatica (Aubl.) Naudin

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/tbt-qqb-ema
title: Rumex scutatus subsp. scutatus

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/axd-5he-llr
title: Juncus effusus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/pmy-4n7-hl6
title: Oryza sativa L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/p8e-pb2-e8n
title: Pisonia aculeata L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/t5d-98p-l7z
title: Juncus biglumis L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/l4g-mx9-9b3
title: Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.) Willd.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/bme-dad-td1
title: Asparagus asparagoides (L.) Druce

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/geq-ke0-x88
title: Rumex divaricatus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mdchrh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 47 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-96.94371 19.46268,-96.94339 19.46128,-96.94307 19.45996,-96.94251 19.45845,-96.94104 19.45837,-96.93901 19.45877,-96.93757 19.45941,-96.93677 19.4608,-96.93633 19.46208,-96.93773 19.46395,-96.93909 19.46519,-96.94144 19.46555,-96.94275 19.46463,-96.94371 19.46268))",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 47 records were derived from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014533-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k4jp69
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3898 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "GadmGid is PRT.15.8_1",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Plantae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3898 records from 40 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014553-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.c24h6w
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 16 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Mitrephora keithii",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 16 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014552-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.71819/wpqtvw
title: Coleção de Carcinologia do MZUSP

description: Possui doutorado em Zoologia – Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris e Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; pós-doutorado pelo Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris; mestrado em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro e graduação em Ciências Biológicas pela Universidade Santa Úrsula. Atualmente é professor Livre-Docente da Universidade de São Paulo (Prof. Associado 3). Nomeado em 1995 “Correspondant du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris” e nomeado em 2010 Research Associate at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC”. Tem experiência na área de Zoologia, com ênfase em Carcinologia Sistemática, atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: filogenia, biogeografia, biodiversidade e bentos marinho. Foi Diretor da Divisão Científica do Museu de Zoologia da USP de 2006 a 2010 e, atualmente, é Vice-Diretor do Museu de Zoologia. Pesquisador nível 1 do CNPq.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4jhwm2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 636 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Crepis blattarioides, Crepis blattarioides, Crepis conyzifolia, Crepis conyzifolia)",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1900",
 "Geometry POLYGON ((8.643 46.99, 14.1 46.92, 14.43 50.75, 8.534 50.83, 8.643 46.99))",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Observation, Human Observation, Machine Observation, Material sample)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 636 records from 9 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014556-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18024516
title: T-Cell-Derived Exosomes from Multicore Granules Exhibit Superior Caspase-3-Mediated Tumor-Suppressive Activity Compared to those from Multivesicular Bodies

description: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are emerging as potential mediators of antitumor immunity; however, their subcellular origins and functional properties remain incompletely defined. In this study, we investigated the intracellular routes and cytotoxic potential of CTL-derived exosomes. Using correlative light and electron microscopy, we discovered that CTL-derived exosomes originate from both classical multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and the recently identified multi core granules (MCGs). Through total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrated that, in contrast to MVB-derived exosomes, MCG-derived exosomes are released at the immunological synapse in a stimulus-dependent manner. To enable functional characterization, we developed a scalable primary cell culture method for the isolation of high-purity exosomes. Super-resolution microscopy revealed significant heterogeneity in exosome size and tetraspanin composition. Notably, MCG-derived exosomes exhibited fivefold higher cytotoxic activity than MVB-derived exosomes, inducing apoptosis in tumor cells via a caspase 3-dependent mechanism. These findings reveal that CTLs exploit distinct secretory pathways to release heterogeneous exosome populations with differential cytotoxic capacities, offering new insights into CTL-mediated immune responses and providing a basis for the development of novel exosome-based immunotherapies.
description: This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, collaborative research center (SFB 894 (ID number 157660137), subproject A9 (to U.B.), A10 (to J.R, and  A14 (to V.F.)), ID number 203827099 (to V.F.), ID number 469256325 (to Markus R. Meyer, Homburg) and ID number 445684568 (to C.F.-T.).  European Commission (ERC-2021-SyG_951329 to the Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Saarland University and M.L.D.).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18024515
title: T-Cell-Derived Exosomes from Multicore Granules Exhibit Superior Caspase-3-Mediated Tumor-Suppressive Activity Compared to those from Multivesicular Bodies

description: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are emerging as potential mediators of antitumor immunity; however, their subcellular origins and functional properties remain incompletely defined. In this study, we investigated the intracellular routes and cytotoxic potential of CTL-derived exosomes. Using correlative light and electron microscopy, we discovered that CTL-derived exosomes originate from both classical multivesicular bodies (MVBs) and the recently identified multi core granules (MCGs). Through total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, we demonstrated that, in contrast to MVB-derived exosomes, MCG-derived exosomes are released at the immunological synapse in a stimulus-dependent manner. To enable functional characterization, we developed a scalable primary cell culture method for the isolation of high-purity exosomes. Super-resolution microscopy revealed significant heterogeneity in exosome size and tetraspanin composition. Notably, MCG-derived exosomes exhibited fivefold higher cytotoxic activity than MVB-derived exosomes, inducing apoptosis in tumor cells via a caspase 3-dependent mechanism. These findings reveal that CTLs exploit distinct secretory pathways to release heterogeneous exosome populations with differential cytotoxic capacities, offering new insights into CTL-mediated immune responses and providing a basis for the development of novel exosome-based immunotherapies.
description: This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, collaborative research center (SFB 894 (ID number 157660137), subproject A9 (to U.B.), A10 (to J.R, and  A14 (to V.F.)), ID number 203827099 (to V.F.), ID number 469256325 (to Markus R. Meyer, Homburg) and ID number 445684568 (to C.F.-T.).  European Commission (ERC-2021-SyG_951329 to the Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Saarland University and M.L.D.).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18498567
title: PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF METHODS AIMED AT DEVELOPING REFLECTIVE SKILLS IN DOCTORS

description: The article analyzes the problem of developing the reflexive skills of doctors in modern medical education, its theoretical and methodological foundations, and the mechanisms of practical application. The study, based on the results of experimental work conducted in medical higher educational institutions of Andijan, Bukhara, and Fergana, reveals the influence of the reflexive approach on the quality of clinical decision-making, patient safety, empathy, and professional stability. The author's methodology was developed based on the integration of a reflective diary, portfolio, simulation, debriefing, and mentoring, the effectiveness of which is substantiated by empirical and statistical analysis.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18498566
title: PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF METHODS AIMED AT DEVELOPING REFLECTIVE SKILLS IN DOCTORS

description: The article analyzes the problem of developing the reflexive skills of doctors in modern medical education, its theoretical and methodological foundations, and the mechanisms of practical application. The study, based on the results of experimental work conducted in medical higher educational institutions of Andijan, Bukhara, and Fergana, reveals the influence of the reflexive approach on the quality of clinical decision-making, patient safety, empathy, and professional stability. The author's methodology was developed based on the integration of a reflective diary, portfolio, simulation, debriefing, and mentoring, the effectiveness of which is substantiated by empirical and statistical analysis.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.j5547b
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 106 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Mkilua fragrans",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 106 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014557-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qsp3gb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 365363 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Tracheophyta",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1990",
 "Year is less than or equal to 1994",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-25.0 64.0, 45.0 64.0, 45.0 69.0, -25.0 69.0, -25.0 64.0))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 365363 records from 105 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014504-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.z3njj5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 20315732 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-102.72333 14.89518,-88.67533 14.89518,-88.67533 20.52018,-102.72333 20.52018,-102.72333 14.89518))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Animalia"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 20315732 records from 1562 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014491-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fy2cq8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is (Table 1) Proportion of Toxoplasma gondii seropositive arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) by age group and geographic area"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001771-160430102343922/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bly57h
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is (Table 1) Proportion of Toxoplasma gondii seropositive arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) by age group and geographic area"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0009588-160311141623029/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.er5wbz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt.",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Country is Japan",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0206990-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nb0wte
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 182458806 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Plantae",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 182458806 records from 4086 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0045105-180508205500799/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rkusfx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2337 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-115.11274 32.10726,-107.69945 23.24191,-110.8658 22.23105,-107.21232 22.23105,-107.45588 20.07324,-102.09744 16.02158,-94.54691 14.96538,-88.09242 11.52822,-85.16963 7.08273,-79.08049 6.59907,-78.59336 4.53864,-84.07358 -3.00576,-83.34289 -4.70679,-80.54188 -12.17007,-72.50422 -17.92997,-71.77352 -23.50855,-75.18344 -36.24227,-77.13196 -45.77218,-76.40127 -53.40853,-70.79926 -56.55143,-63.16162 -55.30395,-56.70713 -51.60872,-57.80318 -50.53751,-64.7448 -47.83204,-62.67449 -42.9622,-60.96953 -40.23065,-57.55961 -39.38871,-55.61109 -36.01741,-54.02791 -36.01741,-46.84272 -27.10929,-40.99715 -24.81011,-37.58723 -14.74162,-33.69018 -10.46417,-33.81196 -4.67207,-50.1351 3.56391,-58.29454 12.12134,-59.75594 16.60316,-64.87082 18.69195,-80.09367 23.90893,-97.49039 25.76263,-99.30497 26.18211,-99.59322 27.46509,-100.30889 28.17107,-100.7493 29.11319,-101.46497 29.68872,-102.26321 29.80821,-102.62104 29.68872,-102.75867 29.42534,-102.7862 29.13724,-103.22661 28.94472,-104.59795 29.57891,-104.92825 30.50816,-105.42371 30.81596,-106.22196 31.49905,-106.46969 31.80366,-108.2038 31.75686,-108.25885 31.35813,-111.23162 31.38163,-114.865 32.52598,-115.11274 32.10726))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Glossophaga leachii (Gray, 1844)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2337 records from 51 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0237564-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.z9c956
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 368 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Crambe strigosa L'Hér."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 368 records from 46 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0148067-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xtpvnp
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 30 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Piriqueta ochroleuca Urb."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 30 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0237576-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3tpfgc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 26 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Bletia urbana Dressler"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 26 records from 9 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0160097-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rbmafm
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 37 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Viburnum hainanense Merr. & Chun"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 37 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0240743-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.95ebss
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 70 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Comibaena argentataria (Leech, 1897)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 70 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0129140-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.kytrjq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Argentina",
 "TaxonKey is Sisyrinchium megapotamicum Malme"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0105457-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g48y96
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 533 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "Country is Mexico",
 "TaxonKey is Myotis velifer (J.A.Allen, 1890)",
 "Year 1999-2023"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 533 records from 17 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0237577-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2tqd7b
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 92 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON ((-87.9545848000000063 43.0986715000000018, -87.9545848000000063 43.1004753599999972, -87.9545848000000063 43.1021503699999968, -87.9545848000000063 43.1043407700000003, -87.9545848000000063 43.1056292399999990, -87.9545848000000063 43.1080773300000004, -87.9545848000000063 43.1100100399999988, -87.9545848000000063 43.1115562000000025, -87.9516169799999972 43.1115562000000025, -87.9489070599999962 43.1115562000000025, -87.9463261799999998 43.1115562000000025, -87.9438743399999936 43.1115562000000025, -87.9401320599999963 43.1115562000000025, -87.9367769199999998 43.1115562000000025, -87.9347122100000007 43.1115562000000025, -87.9317441999999971 43.1115562000000025, -87.9294215999999977 43.1115562000000025, -87.9294215999999977 43.1087215700000002, -87.9294215999999977 43.1066600099999988, -87.9294215999999977 43.1047273100000012, -87.9294215999999977 43.1020215200000010, -87.9294215999999977 43.0986715000000018, -87.9312280200000060 43.0986715000000018, -87.9339379500000007 43.0986715000000018, -87.9367769199999998 43.0986715000000018, -87.9406482400000016 43.0986715000000018, -87.9446485999999936 43.0986715000000018, -87.9471004399999998 43.0986715000000018, -87.9500684500000034 43.0986715000000018, -87.9520041199999980 43.0986715000000018, -87.9545848000000063 43.0986715000000018))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1932",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Living Specimen, Observation, Specimen, Machine Observation)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 92 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0105345-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cjm9ks
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 12 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Nanorana liebigii (Günther, 1860)",
 "Year 2001-2023"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 12 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0255972-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ane2nx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 466 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Cymbidium aloifolium (L.) Sw."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 466 records from 51 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0240745-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.