cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13286031.v2
title: Effects of adjunct treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins on the course of severe COVID-19: results from a retrospective cohort study

description: To evaluate the effect of adjunct treatment with Octagam, an intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) product, on clinical outcomes and biomarkers in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Data from a single center was analyzed retrospectively. Patients had received preliminary standard intensive care (SIC) according to a local treatment algorithm, either alone or along with IVIG 5% at 30 g/day for 5 days. The two groups were compared regarding baseline characteristics, survival and changes in inflammation markers. Imbalance in baseline APACHE II scores was addressed by propensity score matching. Otherwise, Kaplan–Meier and multiple logistic regression models were used. Out of 93 patients, 51 had received IVIG and 42 had not. About 75% of patients were male and both groups had comparable body mass index and AB0 blood type distribution. IVIG-treated patients were younger (mean 65 ± 15 versus 71 ± 15 years, <i>p</i> = .066) and had slightly lower baseline disease scores (APACHE II: 20.6 versus 22.4, <i>p</i> = .281; SOFA: 5.0 versus 7.0, <i>p</i> = .006). Overall survival was 61% in the SIC + IVIG and 38% in the SIC only group (odds ratio: 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 0.9–5.4, <i>p</i> = .091 after controlling for baseline imbalances). IVIG significantly prolonged median survival time (68 versus 18 days, <i>p</i> = .014) and significantly reduced plasma levels of C-reactive protein (median change from baseline −71.5 versus −0.3 mg/L, <i>p</i> = .049). Clinically relevant benefits through adjunct IVIG treatment in COVID-19 need to be confirmed in a randomized, controlled trial.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13663538.v2
title: The nutritional status of the elderly patient infected with COVID-19: the forgotten risk factor?

description: Since the first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan, the nutritional status of individuals infected with the virus has not been included in the risk profiles prepared. However, nutritional status, along with other factors, is decisive in the evolution of patients with other infectious diseases. The nutritional status of individuals is considered an indicator of health status. Furthermore, optimal nutritional status transcends the individual, and poor diet in a population can be considered a group risk factor. Evidence exists on the influence that diet has on the immune system and susceptibility to disease. To evaluate the nutritional status of patients older than 65 years who were admitted due to COVID-19 and how this has influenced the evolution of patients. This prospective and observational study was performed in patients with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were collected from the first 24 h of admission. All patients admitted during one month to the wards assigned to COVID-19 infection were included. A total of 83 patients were studied. The statistical study of mortality showed associations with age (<i>p</i> = .005), living in a nursing home (<i>p</i> = .022), a high Charlson Comorbidity Index (<i>p</i> = .039), hypertension (<i>p</i> = .032), comorbidities of dementia (<i>p</i> = .019) and cerebral vascular disease (<i>p</i> = .041), and Barthel Index (<i>p</i> = .010). The analysis of the influence of the nutritional state on mortality revealed a statistical association between malnutrition and mortality in the pooled data analysis (<i>p</i> = .005) and analysis by degrees of malnutrition (<i>p</i> = .27). Malnutrition was a risk factor as powerful as others such as hypertension, age, and different comorbidities. We must evaluate and treat the nutritional status of elderly patients with COVID-19 infection since it directly affects their evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13713843
title: Effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in Asian patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease

description: We compared the effectiveness and safety outcomes of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and warfarin in patients with AF and VHD, as these patients have been partially excluded from clinical trials. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Patients with AF and VHD and above 20 years of age, who were prescribed oral anticoagulants such as warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban, were included. Propensity score matching was performed to balance intergroup differences. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the effectiveness and safety of warfarin and NOACs. We included 5833 NOAC-warfarin pairs, 3001 dabigatran-warfarin pairs and 2595 rivaroxaban-warfarin pairs. Warfarin and NOACs had similar risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–1.06; <i>p</i> = .25) and bleeding events (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.78–1.02; <i>p</i> = .10). NOACs showed reduced risk of venous thromboembolism, intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality (HR and 95% CI, 0.39 [0.20–0.77], <i>p</i> = .01; 0.62 [0.45–0.84], <i>p</i> p NOACs had a comparable risk of ischemic stroke and bleeding in patients with AF and VHD, and reduced the risk of venous thromboembolism, intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality, compared to warfarin. Therefore, NOAC is an effective and safe alternative to warfarin in these patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13713843.v2
title: Effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in Asian patients with atrial fibrillation and valvular heart disease

description: We compared the effectiveness and safety outcomes of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and warfarin in patients with AF and VHD, as these patients have been partially excluded from clinical trials. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Patients with AF and VHD and above 20 years of age, who were prescribed oral anticoagulants such as warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban, were included. Propensity score matching was performed to balance intergroup differences. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the effectiveness and safety of warfarin and NOACs. We included 5833 NOAC-warfarin pairs, 3001 dabigatran-warfarin pairs and 2595 rivaroxaban-warfarin pairs. Warfarin and NOACs had similar risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–1.06; <i>p</i> = .25) and bleeding events (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.78–1.02; <i>p</i> = .10). NOACs showed reduced risk of venous thromboembolism, intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality (HR and 95% CI, 0.39 [0.20–0.77], <i>p</i> = .01; 0.62 [0.45–0.84], <i>p</i> p NOACs had a comparable risk of ischemic stroke and bleeding in patients with AF and VHD, and reduced the risk of venous thromboembolism, intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality, compared to warfarin. Therefore, NOAC is an effective and safe alternative to warfarin in these patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270015.v1
title: Impasse in health financing in Brazil: from the constitutional assembly to the regulation of amendment 29/00

description: This case study reports the interaction between the legislative and executive powers in the definition of federal legislation impacting on health funding since the last National Constituent Assembly. It highlights the legislative histories and the effects of the following laws: the 1988 Constitution, the Organic Health Law; those related to the Provisional Contribution on Financial Transactions; Constitutional Amendment 29 of 2000, and the Complementary Law 141 of 2012. It was observed that, despite the Legislative best endeavor to move the health financing agenda forward, its dependence on external stimuli has rendered its performance fragmented and inconsistent. The advancements depend on incremental, yet insufficient, solutions to be adopted by the government coalitions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13286031.v1
title: Effects of adjunct treatment with intravenous Octagam on the course of severe COVID-19: results from a retrospective cohort study

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To evaluate the effect of adjunct treatment with Octagam, an intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) product, on clinical outcomes and biomarkers in critically ill COVID-19 patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data from a single center was analyzed retrospectively. Patients had received preliminary standard of intensive care (SIC) according to a local treatment algorithm, either alone or along with Octagam 5% at 30 g/day for 5 days. Both groups were compared regarding baseline characteristics, survival, and changes in inflammation markers. Imbalance in baseline APACHE II scores was addressed by propensity score matching. Otherwise, Kaplan-Meier and multiple logistic regression models were used. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of 93 patients, 51 had received Octagam and 42 had not. About 75% of patients were male and both groups had comparable body mass index and AB0 blood type distribution. Octagam-treated patients were younger (mean 65 ± 15 versus 71 ± 15 years, p = 0.066) and had slightly lower baseline disease scores (APACHE II: 20.6 versus 22.4, p = 0.281; SOFA: 5.0 versus 7.0, p = 0.006). Overall survival was 61% in the SIC + Octagam and 38% in the SIC only group (odds ratio: 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 0.9-5.4, p = 0.091 after controlling for baseline imbalances). Octagam significantly prolonged median survival time (68 versus 18 days, p = 0.014) and significantly reduced plasma levels of C-reactive protein (median change from baseline -71.5 versus -0.3 mg/L, p = 0.049). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Clinically relevant benefits through adjunct Octagam treatment in COVID-19 need to be confirmed in a randomized, controlled trial.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13663538
title: The nutritional status of the elderly patient infected with COVID-19: the forgotten risk factor?

description: Since the first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan, the nutritional status of individuals infected with the virus has not been included in the risk profiles prepared. However, nutritional status, along with other factors, is decisive in the evolution of patients with other infectious diseases. The nutritional status of individuals is considered an indicator of health status. Furthermore, optimal nutritional status transcends the individual, and poor diet in a population can be considered a group risk factor. Evidence exists on the influence that diet has on the immune system and susceptibility to disease. To evaluate the nutritional status of patients older than 65 years who were admitted due to COVID-19 and how this has influenced the evolution of patients. This prospective and observational study was performed in patients with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were collected from the first 24 h of admission. All patients admitted during one month to the wards assigned to COVID-19 infection were included. A total of 83 patients were studied. The statistical study of mortality showed associations with age (<i>p</i> = .005), living in a nursing home (<i>p</i> = .022), a high Charlson Comorbidity Index (<i>p</i> = .039), hypertension (<i>p</i> = .032), comorbidities of dementia (<i>p</i> = .019) and cerebral vascular disease (<i>p</i> = .041), and Barthel Index (<i>p</i> = .010). The analysis of the influence of the nutritional state on mortality revealed a statistical association between malnutrition and mortality in the pooled data analysis (<i>p</i> = .005) and analysis by degrees of malnutrition (<i>p</i> = .27). Malnutrition was a risk factor as powerful as others such as hypertension, age, and different comorbidities. We must evaluate and treat the nutritional status of elderly patients with COVID-19 infection since it directly affects their evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13663538.v1
title: The nutritional status of the elderly patient infected with COVID-19: the forgotten risk factor?

description: Since the first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan, the nutritional status of individuals infected with the virus has not been included in the risk profiles prepared. However, nutritional status, along with other factors, is decisive in the evolution of patients with other infectious diseases. The nutritional status of individuals is considered an indicator of health status. Furthermore, optimal nutritional status transcends the individual, and poor diet in a population can be considered a group risk factor. Evidence exists on the influence that diet has on the immune system and susceptibility to disease. To evaluate the nutritional status of patients older than 65 years who were admitted due to COVID-19 and how this has influenced the evolution of patients. This prospective and observational study was performed in patients with COVID-19 infection confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were collected from the first 24 hours of admission. All patients admitted during one month to the wards assigned to COVID-19 infection were included. A total of 83 patients were studied. The statistical study of mortality showed associations with age (p = 0.005), living in a nursing home (p = 0.022), a high Charlson Comorbidity Index (p = 0.039), hypertension (p = 0.032), comorbidities of dementia (p = 0.019) and cerebral vascular disease (p = 0.041), and Barthel Index (p = 0010). The analysis of the influence of the nutritional state on mortality revealed a statistical association between malnutrition and mortality in the pooled data analysis (p = 0.005) and analysis by degrees of malnutrition (p = 0.27). Malnutrition was a risk factor as powerful as others such as hypertension, age, and different comorbidities. We must evaluate and treat the nutritional status of elderly patients with COVID-19 infection since it directly affects their evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13713843.v1
title: Effectiveness and Safety of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Asian Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Valvular Heart Disease

description: We compared the effectiveness and safety outcomes of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and warfarin in patients with AF and VHD, as these patients have been partially excluded from clinical trials. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. Patients with AF and VHD and above 20 years of age, who were prescribed oral anticoagulants such as warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban, were included. Propensity score matching was performed to balance intergroup differences. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to compare the effectiveness and safety of warfarin and NOACs. We included 5833 NOAC-warfarin pairs, 3001 dabigatran-warfarin pairs and 2595 rivaroxaban-warfarin pairs. Warfarin and NOACs had similar risk of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–1.06; <i>p</i> = 0.25) and bleeding events (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.78–1.02; <i>p</i> = 0.10). NOACs showed reduced risk of venous thromboembolism, intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality (HR and 95% CI, 0.39 [0.20-0.77], <i>p</i> = 0.01; 0.62 [0.45-0.84], <i>p</i> p NOACs had a comparable risk of ischemic stroke and bleeding in patients with AF and VHD, and reduced the risk of venous thromboembolism, intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality, compared to warfarin. Therefore, NOAC is an effective and safe alternative to warfarin in these patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270015
title: Impasse in health financing in Brazil: from the constitutional assembly to the regulation of amendment 29/00

description: This case study reports the interaction between the legislative and executive powers in the definition of federal legislation impacting on health funding since the last National Constituent Assembly. It highlights the legislative histories and the effects of the following laws: the 1988 Constitution, the Organic Health Law; those related to the Provisional Contribution on Financial Transactions; Constitutional Amendment 29 of 2000, and the Complementary Law 141 of 2012. It was observed that, despite the Legislative best endeavor to move the health financing agenda forward, its dependence on external stimuli has rendered its performance fragmented and inconsistent. The advancements depend on incremental, yet insufficient, solutions to be adopted by the government coalitions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270026
title: Sacred dance and quality of life in women mastectomy: a pilot study

description: This interventional study evaluated the life quality of women who underwent mastectomy that participated in the study and in the control group carried out before and after the application of sacred dance. The World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF version was applied as well as other demographics questionnaires. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences after the intervention as for the study group in what psychological, physical and environmental perspectives are concerned. The sacred dance has provided benefits and changes in life quality of women in the study group. The results of this study may encourage health professionals to carry on alternative forms of care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7517105.v1
title: Spatial Distribution of Cattleya granulosa Lindl.: an Endangered Orchid Species

description: Cattleya granulosa is an endemic and endangered orchid species of the coastal region of northeastern Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of spatial aggregation in a preserved population, in an area of 4.225 m2 of the conservation unit of ‘Parque das Dunas’ Natal, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. We evaluated the life form of the population as well as its neighborhood density factor (NDF) to determine the spatial distribution in distance classes, using the SpPack software program. Regarding the life form, 73% of the plants (N = 136) were epiphyte and 27% were terrestrial (N = 50). The epiphytes present specificity with a single host tree, Eugenia spp. (Myrtaceae). The spatial pattern of Cattleya granulosa is aggregated, with the highest density of neighbors (NDF) within a radius of 5 m. These data suggest restricted dispersion with direct influence on actions for conservation of the species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7517105
title: Spatial Distribution of Cattleya granulosa Lindl.: an Endangered Orchid Species

description: Cattleya granulosa is an endemic and endangered orchid species of the coastal region of northeastern Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of spatial aggregation in a preserved population, in an area of 4.225 m2 of the conservation unit of ‘Parque das Dunas’ Natal, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. We evaluated the life form of the population as well as its neighborhood density factor (NDF) to determine the spatial distribution in distance classes, using the SpPack software program. Regarding the life form, 73% of the plants (N = 136) were epiphyte and 27% were terrestrial (N = 50). The epiphytes present specificity with a single host tree, Eugenia spp. (Myrtaceae). The spatial pattern of Cattleya granulosa is aggregated, with the highest density of neighbors (NDF) within a radius of 5 m. These data suggest restricted dispersion with direct influence on actions for conservation of the species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270029
title: Geoffrey Rose and the precautionary principle: to build the quaternary prevention in the prevention

description: Prevention has been medicalized leading to frequent iatrogenic harms. This calls for quaternary prevention (P4) in prevention: to avoid unnecessary medicalization/interventions and its associated iatrogenic harms. We present a conceptual articulation which guides P4 in prevention. Geoffrey Rose shows the difference between “reductive” preventive measures (reduce risks derived from modern life, such as reducing sedentary and ultraprocessed food) and “additive” (add protective artificial factors such as vaccinations, screenings, lipid-lowering drugs). The great potential harms of additive preventive measures require systematic application of the precautionary principle (PP). The PP advises that persisting scientific doubts about significant potential harms of preventive interventions, the State should actively discourage them by requiring the proponents to provide the appropriate evidence of their effectiveness/safety, exploring harmless alternatives, and increasing public participation in decision-making process. Unfortunately, this approach does not often occur in potentially iatrogenic preventive measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270029.v1
title: Geoffrey Rose and the precautionary principle: to build the quaternary prevention in the prevention

description: Prevention has been medicalized leading to frequent iatrogenic harms. This calls for quaternary prevention (P4) in prevention: to avoid unnecessary medicalization/interventions and its associated iatrogenic harms. We present a conceptual articulation which guides P4 in prevention. Geoffrey Rose shows the difference between “reductive” preventive measures (reduce risks derived from modern life, such as reducing sedentary and ultraprocessed food) and “additive” (add protective artificial factors such as vaccinations, screenings, lipid-lowering drugs). The great potential harms of additive preventive measures require systematic application of the precautionary principle (PP). The PP advises that persisting scientific doubts about significant potential harms of preventive interventions, the State should actively discourage them by requiring the proponents to provide the appropriate evidence of their effectiveness/safety, exploring harmless alternatives, and increasing public participation in decision-making process. Unfortunately, this approach does not often occur in potentially iatrogenic preventive measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677377.v1
title: Association between familial risk and caries risk in 5 year old scholars

description: ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association of familial social risk and caries risk in 5-year-old school students from the municipality of Coari. Methods: The sample consisted of 361 students from 3 schools in the city. Data were collected from file A of the Basic Attention Information System and from records of families enrolled in Family Health Units for the classification of families according to Family Social risk and caries risk was classified according to the Secretary of Health of São Paulo. A descriptive data analysis and a multiple logistic regression were performed to verify the possible association of family social risk with family social risk and demographic variables. Results: The results showed that 51% of the sample were female, the prevalence of caries was 67.6%; and dmf-t 3.16. There was an association of high social risk with prevalence, and high risk of caries. Conclusion: Therefore, children at high risk of caries were more likely to belong to families with higher social risk. Thus, this research indicates that the present tool for assessing family social risk can be used in other studies related to planning, organization and access to oral health services.