DOI: 10.5061/dryad.96g44
title: Data from: Rapid evolution of a native species following invasion by a congener

description: In recent years, biologists have increasingly recognized that evolutionary
 change can occur rapidly when natural selection is strong; thus, real-time
 studies of evolution can be used to test classic evolutionary hypotheses
 directly. One such hypothesis is that negative interactions between
 closely related species can drive phenotypic divergence. Such divergence
 is thought to be ubiquitous, though well-documented cases are surprisingly
 rare. On small islands in Florida, we found that the lizard Anolis
 carolinensis moved to higher perches following invasion by Anolis sagrei
 and, in response, adaptively evolved larger toepads after only 20
 generations. These results illustrate that interspecific interactions
 between closely related species can drive evolutionary change on
 observable time scales.
description: Exp.PerchHeight_19951998_Data.Acarolinensis This .Rdata file contains an object (Exp.PerchHeight19951998_Data_Acarolinensis) that contains perch height (cm), island (small, medium, or large), sex, and treatment (0=control, 1=treatment) information for Anolis carolinensis. These data were used to create Figure 1. Mixed models R-code for two-way interaction (package nlme) which includes the pre introduction data mixed.phl.2way.b &lt;- lme(sqrt(PH)~ as.factor(Treat)*as.factor(Event) + Sex, random =~Sex | as.factor(Island), na.action=na.omit) Mixed models R-code for two-way interaction (package nlme) which does not include the pre introduction data mixed.phl.2way.no.pre &lt;- lme(sqrt(PH)~ as.factor(Treat)*as.factor(Event) + Sex, random =~Sex | as.factor(Island), na.action=na.omit)   Exp.PerchHeight_19951998_Data_Asagrei This .Rdata file contains an object (“x”) that contains perch height (cm), island/treatment (small treatment, medium treatment, or large treatment), and sex (0=f, 1=m) information for Anolis sagrei. These data were used to create Figure S1.   CommonGarden.ToepadLamellae_Data_Acarolinensis This .Rdata file contains an object “data.red” which contains the common garden A. carolinensis toepad area and lamella number data used to create Figure 3. The columns are cge.id (hatchling id), dam.hatch.id (hatchling birth mother and date), dam id (adult, wildcaught), island, sagrei present (0=no, 1=yes), ar.av.mm (average toepad area), lam.av.areacount (average lamella number at area scan), hatch.svl.at.area (hatchling svl at area scan), hatch.mass.at.area, sex.at.area, dam.mass (mass of mother at wild capture), dam.svl (at wild capture), hatch.svl.at.hatch (hatchling svl upon hatching from the egg), and hatch.mass.at.hatch. Mixed models R-code for toepad area and lamella number in 2010 Toepad area x &lt;- lmeControl(maxIter=1000, msMaxIter=1000, niterEM=1000) model.area.1 &lt;- lme(ar.av.mm~sag.present + hatch.svl.at.area, random = ~hatch.svl.at.area|island, control = x, na.action=na.omit) Lamella number x &lt;- lmeControl(maxIter=1000, msMaxIter=1000, niterEM=1000) model.lam.1 &lt;- lme(lam.av.areacount~sag.present + hatch.svl.at.area, random = ~hatch.svl.at.area|island, control = x, na.action=na.omit)   Comp.PerchHeight_2010_Data_Acarolinensis This .Rdata file contains an object “Eco.Ac.red” which contains the A. carolinensis perch height data used to create Figure S2 and to test for perch height shifts in the 2010 comparative study. Column headers are island, sagrei.present (1=yes, 0=no), sex, phl (lizard perch height) and pdia (lizard perch diameter). Mixed models R-code for perch height in 2010 mixed.phl.red &lt;-lme(sqrt(phl) ~ sagrei.present + sex, random = ~sex|island, na.action = na.omit)   Comp.PerchHeight_2010_Data_Asagrei This .Rdata file contains an object “Eco.As.red” which contains the A. sagrei perch height data used to create Figure S2. Column headers are island, sagrei.present (1=yes, 0=no), sex, phl (lizard perch height) and pdia (lizard perch diameter).   HabitatSurvey This Rdata file contains an object (“x”) which contains the point-quarter habitat survey data from which species richness and tree heights were obtained. Table S7.   Comp.ToepadLamellae_2010_Data_Acarolinensis This .Rdata file contains an object “lam.mf.good.av.red” which contains the wildcaught A. carolinensis toepad area and lamella number data used to create Figure 3, analyze morphological evolution, and calculate haldanes. The columns are island, presence of sagrei (0=no, 1=yes), snout-vent length, sex, count.av (average lamella count across right and left 4th hindtoes) and area.mm2.av (average toepad area in mm2 across right and left 4th hindtoes). Mixed models R-code for toepad area and lamella number in 2010 Toepad area x &lt;- lmeControl(maxIter=100, msMaxIter=100, niterEM=100) model.area.mf222 &lt;- lme(area.mm2.av~sagrei.present + sex + svl, random = ~sex + svl | island, control = x) Lamella number x &lt;- lmeControl(maxIter=100, msMaxIter=100, niterEM=100) model.lam.mf &lt;- lme(count.av~sagrei.present + sex + svl, random = ~sex + svl | island, control = x)   Macrohabitat This Rdata file contains an object “macrohabitat” that contains island, treatment (2=sagrei invaded, 1 = sagrei not invaded), closest distance to the mainland, Total area (meters squared), vegetated area (meters squared), and vegetated area without mangrove (meters squared). Used for Table S7.   Species.Richness This Rdata file contains an object “richness” that contains abundance counts for each major species collected during random habitat surveys (HabitatSurvey.Rdata). Species richness was calculated from this matrix. Used for Table S7. Blk.mangrove = Black Mangrove (Avicennia germinans) Buttonwood = Conocarpus erectus Cedar = Eastern Red Cedar (Juniperus virginiana) Cpalm = Cabbage Palm (Sabal palmetto) Ox-eye = Sea Ox-eye Daisy (Borrichia frutescens) Pepper = Brazilian Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) Vacc = Vaccinium sp. Wax-myrt = Wax Myrtle (Morella cerifera) Wt. mangrove = (Laguncularia racemosa)   Stuartetal2014_dryad.tar This gzipped folder contains 4 files: README.txt with a description of file format and contents; Stuartetal2014_metadata.xlsx with metadata in Microsoft Excel format; calls_allSNPs.txt - genotypes for unfiltered SNPs; and SNPs_min150_minMAF05_trimmed_1408730.nex - genotypes for filtered SNPs in nexus format.