cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17387737
title: Dataset & Experimental Results

description: > **⚠️ For IEEE Access Reviewers**>> Here are the examples mentioned in the paper:>> - System Prompt for all experiments in dataset/system_prompt/system_prompt.pdf> - Dataset Prompt Comparison in datasets/prompt_comparison/prompt_comparison.pdf> - RQ2 Qualitative Analysis in results/rq2_qualitative_analysis/summary/summary.pdf

This repository contains the experimental data and analysis for a research study demonstrating how **Test-Driven Prompting (TDP)** significantly improves AI code generation across multiple programming languages and difficulty levels. All experimental data, statistical analysis, and qualitative comparisons are included.

## What is Test-Driven Prompting?

Instead of just asking an AI to write code, Test-Driven Prompting includes example test cases in the prompt. This helps the AI understand exactly what the code should do, similar to how human programmers use test-driven development.

![alt text](methodology_overview.png)

## Key Findings

Our study tested 8 different AI models (GPT-4, Claude, Qwen) on 3 programming benchmarks and found:

- 🎯 **Universal Improvement**: TDP worked better in 100% of test cases (16/16 model-dataset combinations)- 📈 **Significant Gains**: Average 6.09% improvement in code generation success rates, statistical results: (95% CI: [4.01, 8.18], p < 0.0001, Cohen’s d = 1.08)- 🚀 **Efficiency Boost**: Smaller AI models with TDP can outperform larger models using normal prompts- 💡 **Biggest Impact**: Most helpful for problems with unclear or implicit requirements

The findings suggest that including test cases in your prompts to AI coding assistants can significantly improve the quality of generated code, especially for complex or ambiguous programming tasks.

## Authors

**Muhammad Rizqullah** (mrizqullah@stu.kau.edu.sa) and **Emad Albassam** (ealbassam@kau.edu.sa)Computer Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

*Corresponding author: Muhammad Rizqullah. Any enquiries about the research should be directed to him.*

## Publication Status

This research is currently under review at [IEEE Access](https://ieeeaccess.ieee.org/), a Scopus Q2 and Web of Science SCIE Q2 journal with an Impact Factor of 3.6.

## Repository Structure

- `datasets/` - Programming problems and test cases from HumanEval, MBPP, and Code Contests- `raw_results/` - Complete experimental results for each AI model and dataset combination- `results/` - Statistical analysis and comparison reports- `abstract/` - Academic paper abstract with statistical findings

## Source Code Availability

Source code of the experimentation framework is available here: https://github.com/madnanrizqu/model-agnostic-empirical-evaluation-of-test-driven-prompt-engineering
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bv3k2h
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Tracheophyta)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((0 -45,7.5 -45,7.5 -37.5,0 -37.5,0 -45))"
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}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035645-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.3535/cpr-gcq-qtm
title: Rubus plicatus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/my9-rze-l9c
title: Rubus holerythros Focke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/xvk-afe-25h
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/agf-3h4-b6t
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/bfn-xx8-5jz
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/f4s-wla-09t
title: Lactuca tatarica (L.) C. A. Mey.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/fz5-lxb-4a4
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest x Rubus nessensis Hall

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/w17-b3j-wrk
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/rhr-5t9-9kj
title: Rubus wimmerianus (Sudre) Sprib.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/z5n-19r-jh5
title: Rubus juennensis Leute & W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qgq-m0l-bqm
title: Hieracium polatschekii Gottschl.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qsd-53c-nbh
title: Rubus furvicolor Focke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/w6t-kz6-l00
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dm8-y8p-apg
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/hqt-89d-2zn
title: Centaurea montana L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nyv-77z-8nc
title: Rubus weizensis W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/e0f-r9y-jw9
title: Rubus guentheri Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/rms-z15-w2d
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5xd-16h-48n
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/fnz-v8d-947
title: Rubus radula Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/g8t-xft-1vt
title: Rubus plicatus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/vrp-kd3-1n0
title: Rubus lindleianus Lees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/3g9-q1j-al7
title: Thalictrum lucidum L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/p9b-3dm-kaz
title: Rubus macrophyllus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/tqz-th4-ee6
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/hd9-hqw-3z2
title: Rubus ferox Vest.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/md8-028-sj7
title: Rubus weizensis W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ry0-94r-e07
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/423-kbv-yrr
title: Rubus nitidiformis Sudre

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/crv-4w3-skl
title: Astragalus exscapus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/lqn-77n-m12
title: Rubus styriacus Halácsy

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.y8cmcv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3818 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Aves)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((15 -52.5,22.5 -52.5,22.5 -45,15 -45,15 -52.5))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3818 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035647-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/99n-29e-v5r
title: Rubus integribasis P. J. Müll. ex Boulay

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/vf3-sjp-7ay
title: Rubus bregutiensis A. Kern. ex Focke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/yv7-n6c-gs3
title: Rubus nessensis Hall

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/4zg-34m-s41
title: Rubus vestitus Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5e0-va4-5tf
title: Rubus austromoravicus Holub

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/gkk-vf1-578
title: Rubus gracilis J. Presl & C. Presl

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/h0l-c3l-510
title: Rubus radula Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/m8l-bz4-hmg
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/p54-09e-7dc
title: Rubus vestitus Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/3ne-tl7-pjr
title: Rubus praecox A. Kern.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/mfw-fd7-5mm
title: Rubus fissus Lindl.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/z60-b9t-47f
title: Rubus juennensis Leute & W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/7n2-hf8-k2b
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/b32-217-efs
title: Rubus semisuberectus Sabr. ex Hayek

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/cwv-zsp-qnl
title: Rubus gracilis J. Presl & C. Presl

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/2fd-sz8-mtz
title: Rubus brunneri W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/h85-wng-l5y
title: Rubus vitifolius Cham. & Schltdl.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/j0e-p0y-anq
title: Rubus opacus Focke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/429-6g8-jlw
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/mxn-1cs-pkp
title: Rubus vestitus Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nmv-n5f-eye
title: Rubus juennensis Leute & W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/yjy-k23-kfy
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/mfj-h0c-92d
title: Rubus juennensis Leute & W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ne9-bmq-mfk
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/w1q-brv-mrw
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/sbt-spl-3a0
title: Rubus nessensis Hall

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wqf-b0j-r64
title: Rubus mollis J. Presl & C. Presl

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/yp3-pws-sxg
title: Rubus vestitus Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0tg-ckr-7rv
title: Rubus graecensis W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/2gm-tsl-dt5
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/evl-9h5-6yd
title: Rubus liubensis W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/3qa-1d9-75r
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/4a8-505-mn3
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/d9s-wmc-9v8
title: Rubus libertianus Weihe ex Lej. & Courtois

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/6v2-gl8-d45
title: Rubus widderi W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/vje-qxs-fm8
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/x5t-4tf-pxg
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/g85-4qe-x9b
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/h4w-t99-wzb
title: Nepeta tuberosa subsp. tuberosa L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wsd-yl2-aqs
title: Rubus liubensis W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/2rl-12r-a4v
title: Rubus aurora A. Beek, Bijlsma & F. M. Mull.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/8rg-5c0-ltn
title: Rubus juennensis Leute & W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ebs-6j3-lb4
title: Rubus plicatus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/zjc-d24-93x
title: Rubus obtusangulus Gremli

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ktl-yav-1tr
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ljp-z5x-1ww
title: Rubus gracilis J. Presl & C. Presl

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/m6a-2qa-0pq
title: Rubus anglobelgicus D. E. Allen & Vannerom

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/6d7-10a-0v4
title: Rubus liubensis W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/avs-bql-zxx
title: Rubus cinerosus W. M. Rogers

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ntd-jlz-9rs
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ktw-ta5-l9n
title: Arabis alpina L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ylh-m7m-qx7
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0v8-ybd-wcx
title: Rubus ferox Vest.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/c66-4vb-2tv
title: Rubus styriacus Halácsy

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/h3e-qyj-te5
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/1b7-nvd-bth
title: Rubus sulcatus Vest

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/6lh-xf5-3j7
title: Cerastium alpinum var. lanatum (Lam.) Hegetschw.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/r76-7lg-sem
title: Carduus personata (L.) Jacq.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/yg9-ssx-51m
title: Rubus liubensis W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5r3-e4q-5yb
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dfk-bsr-9rk
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/xl0-pwh-0vq
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0sf-xkm-74q
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/k19-4m6-w8r
title: Rubus adornatus P. J. Müll. ex Wirtg.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/r0z-lsx-vsj
title: Rubus semisuberectus Sabr. ex Hayek

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0az-kae-tg2
title: Rubus juennensis Leute & W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/bjj-qkb-38h
title: Rubus caeresiensis Sudre & Grav.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/haj-6f3-xel
title: Rubus splendidus P. J. Müll. & Lefèvre

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/j1m-dvs-01n
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qmf-0j7-88m
title: Rubus radula Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/xhw-tz2-x50
title: Glaucium corniculatum (L.) Rudolph

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dqp-df4-m15
title: Rubus opacus Focke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qn7-1r6-c7j
title: Rubus vestitus Weihe

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/yz9-fz9-43z
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0n5-wqd-tbz
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qfv-qqz-fss
title: Rubus plicatus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/s60-lg0-5l4
title: Rubus macrophyllus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/28j-b0n-wjk
title: Rubus epipsilos Focke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/83c-at6-fkv
title: Rubus juennensis Leute & W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/hwy-2p7-0er
title: Rubus hirtus Waldst. & Kit.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/k4su8t
title: Données naturalistes opportunistes issues de la plateforme INaturalist-Données naturalistes opportunistes Chloé B (chlima)

description: Données naturalistes opportunistes saisies sur iNaturalist à partir du compte "chlima"
DOI: 10.3535/200-08m-pbd
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/9l9-8fc-hn0
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/q1s-7e4-685
title: Rubus styriacus Halácsy

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/d8r-51g-lhf
title: Rubus macrophyllus Gremli

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/pa3-eg4-kdj
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ypl-tjz-mpm
title: Rubus plicatus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/crl-t4w-d2w
title: Rubus brunneri W. Maurer

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/q2r-pfa-n5z
title: Hieracium umbellatum subsp. brevifolioides Zahn

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/st3-kr9-76h
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/36v-1p4-2zp
title: Rubus rhodanthus W. C. R. Watson

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/4qd-vrt-bng
title: Rubus macrophyllus Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/31a-8nh-nv4
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/jnz-1gf-jq7
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nqv-sg8-aw6
title: Rubus affinis Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wam2x2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1675 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Aves)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((7.5 -52.5,15 -52.5,15 -45,7.5 -45,7.5 -52.5))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1675 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035648-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/anb-1p4-cw2
title: Rubus cuspidiferus P. J. Müll. & Lefèvre

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dqr-naz-rn2
title: Rubus affinis Weihe & Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/l2e-442-p31
title: Potentilla aurea L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/m53-9s4-453
title: Rubus laevicaulis A. Beek

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/1ax-zld-dns
title: Rubus gratus Focke

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/6ax-y8a-bdd
title: Rubus bertramii G. Braun

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/kdq-9ct-2e8
title: Rubus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/7ej-fk5-z87
title: Rubus canescens DC.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ezc-r3b-h2j
title: Rubus gracilis J. Presl & C. Presl

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.