cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720935
title: Exercise training reverse autonomic dysfunction and hypertension in rats fed with high-fat diet

description: Abstract AIMS We evaluated whether exercise training ameliorates cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in obesity-induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in rats. METHODS Wistar male rats were assigned in normal diet, sedentary (ND-S) and trained (ND-T) and HFD, sedentary (HFD-S) and trained (HFD-T). Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), BP variability (BPV), cardiac baroreflex and cardiac autonomic tonus were assessed. RESULTS HFD-S showed higher bodyweight increase (19.4%) compared to all other groups (HFD-T: 13.2%, ND-S: 14% and ND-T: 12.4%). Relative epididymal, retroperitoneal and visceral fat was also greater in HFD-S compared to all other groups. Resting bradycardia in ND-T (339.5±10.6 bpm) and HFD-T (341.0 ± 9.4 bpm) was more pronounced than ND-S (438.4 ± 6.3 bpm; p&lt;0.05) and HFD-S (448.5 ± 18.7 bpm; p&lt;0.05). The HFD-T group showed lower systolic (125.3 ( 1.9 mmHg), diastolic (88.5 ( 2.0 mmHg) and mean BP (100.3 ± 2.5 mmHg) in comparison with HFD-S (153.8 ( 3.7; 103.5 ( 2.6 and 120.5 ± 3.7 mmHg; p&lt;0.05, respectively). Lower variance of HRV and higher variance of diastolic BPV was observed in HFD-S compared to other groups while sympathetic modulation of HRV and BPV was higher in HFD-S, as well as the LF/HF ratio. HFD-T showed a decrease in sympathetic tonus compared to HFD-S. ND-T and HFD-T showed higher cardiac vagal tonus than respective sedentary groups. Analysis showed an association between visceral fat, sympathetic activity and BP. CONCLUSIONS HFD induces hypertension and is associated with autonomic imbalance in rats, while exercise training may reverse these harmful changes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720935.v1
title: Exercise training reverse autonomic dysfunction and hypertension in rats fed with high-fat diet

description: Abstract AIMS We evaluated whether exercise training ameliorates cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in obesity-induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in rats. METHODS Wistar male rats were assigned in normal diet, sedentary (ND-S) and trained (ND-T) and HFD, sedentary (HFD-S) and trained (HFD-T). Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), BP variability (BPV), cardiac baroreflex and cardiac autonomic tonus were assessed. RESULTS HFD-S showed higher bodyweight increase (19.4%) compared to all other groups (HFD-T: 13.2%, ND-S: 14% and ND-T: 12.4%). Relative epididymal, retroperitoneal and visceral fat was also greater in HFD-S compared to all other groups. Resting bradycardia in ND-T (339.5±10.6 bpm) and HFD-T (341.0 ± 9.4 bpm) was more pronounced than ND-S (438.4 ± 6.3 bpm; p&lt;0.05) and HFD-S (448.5 ± 18.7 bpm; p&lt;0.05). The HFD-T group showed lower systolic (125.3 ( 1.9 mmHg), diastolic (88.5 ( 2.0 mmHg) and mean BP (100.3 ± 2.5 mmHg) in comparison with HFD-S (153.8 ( 3.7; 103.5 ( 2.6 and 120.5 ± 3.7 mmHg; p&lt;0.05, respectively). Lower variance of HRV and higher variance of diastolic BPV was observed in HFD-S compared to other groups while sympathetic modulation of HRV and BPV was higher in HFD-S, as well as the LF/HF ratio. HFD-T showed a decrease in sympathetic tonus compared to HFD-S. ND-T and HFD-T showed higher cardiac vagal tonus than respective sedentary groups. Analysis showed an association between visceral fat, sympathetic activity and BP. CONCLUSIONS HFD induces hypertension and is associated with autonomic imbalance in rats, while exercise training may reverse these harmful changes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720926
title: Physical Activity during Pregnancy: Recommendations and Assessment Tools

description: Abstract The literature that supports and recommends the practice of exercise during pregnancy is extensive.However, although a more complete research on ways to evaluate the physical activity performedby pregnant women has been perfomed, it is found that there is no gold standard and that the articles in the area are inconclusive. Thus, the objective of the present article is to review relevant aspects, such as, technique and applicability of the different methods for the assessment of physical activity during pregnancy to providemore reliable and safe information for health professionals to encourage their pregnant patients to engage in the practice of physical activity. This review concluded that all tools for the analysis of physical activity have limitations. Thus, it is necessary to establish the objectives of evaluation in an appropriate manner, as well as to determine their viability and costeffectiveness for the population under study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720926.v1
title: Physical Activity during Pregnancy: Recommendations and Assessment Tools

description: Abstract The literature that supports and recommends the practice of exercise during pregnancy is extensive.However, although a more complete research on ways to evaluate the physical activity performedby pregnant women has been perfomed, it is found that there is no gold standard and that the articles in the area are inconclusive. Thus, the objective of the present article is to review relevant aspects, such as, technique and applicability of the different methods for the assessment of physical activity during pregnancy to providemore reliable and safe information for health professionals to encourage their pregnant patients to engage in the practice of physical activity. This review concluded that all tools for the analysis of physical activity have limitations. Thus, it is necessary to establish the objectives of evaluation in an appropriate manner, as well as to determine their viability and costeffectiveness for the population under study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720923
title: Enteric methane in grazing beef cattle under full sun, and in a silvopastoral system in the Amazon

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of pasture and enteric methane (CH4) emission of Curraleiro Pé-duro x Nellore cattle in a pasture of Megathyrsus maximus 'Mombaça', both in full sun and in a consortium with babassu palms (Attalea spp.) in the Amazonian biome. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six steers per system, and the evaluations were done during the dry period (2015) and rainy period (2016). In comparison to forage in the full sun system, forage in the silvopastoral system showed, in the dry period, higher levels of crude protein, ether extract, total digestible nutrient, and in vitro digestible organic matter, and lower levels of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and total carbohydrate (TCHO). In the rainy period, forage in the silvopastoral system showed higher levels of crude protein and a reduction of nonfibrous carbohydrate and TCHO. The CH4 emissions were similar in both systems within the same period, and ranged from 44.0 to 74.2 kg per year per animal. During the dry period, the emission per kilogram of dry ingested matter and the loss of gross energy as methane were lower in the silvopastoral system. During the rainy period, the emissions were similar in both systems. The silvopastoral system yields forage with good quality in the dry period, and considering both periods, it is more efficient (emission of CH4 per daily weight gain) than the system in full sun.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720923.v1
title: Enteric methane in grazing beef cattle under full sun, and in a silvopastoral system in the Amazon

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of pasture and enteric methane (CH4) emission of Curraleiro Pé-duro x Nellore cattle in a pasture of Megathyrsus maximus 'Mombaça', both in full sun and in a consortium with babassu palms (Attalea spp.) in the Amazonian biome. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six steers per system, and the evaluations were done during the dry period (2015) and rainy period (2016). In comparison to forage in the full sun system, forage in the silvopastoral system showed, in the dry period, higher levels of crude protein, ether extract, total digestible nutrient, and in vitro digestible organic matter, and lower levels of dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and total carbohydrate (TCHO). In the rainy period, forage in the silvopastoral system showed higher levels of crude protein and a reduction of nonfibrous carbohydrate and TCHO. The CH4 emissions were similar in both systems within the same period, and ranged from 44.0 to 74.2 kg per year per animal. During the dry period, the emission per kilogram of dry ingested matter and the loss of gross energy as methane were lower in the silvopastoral system. During the rainy period, the emissions were similar in both systems. The silvopastoral system yields forage with good quality in the dry period, and considering both periods, it is more efficient (emission of CH4 per daily weight gain) than the system in full sun.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720920
title: Macrophytes from Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brazil

description: Abstract Macrophytes are organisms that have active photosynthetic parts and may be permanently or seasonally submerged, or floating. Given the ecological and physiognomic relevance of the group, this study aimed to determine the richness of aquatic plants from the Parque Estadual de Itaúnas (PEI), Espírito Santo, Brazil, and its floristic links with other areas in the Atlantic Forest. A total of 66 species, 48 genera and 31 families of aquatic macrophytes were found for PEI, of which two are unpublished records for Brazil (Sesbania herbacea and Utricularia biloba), five for the state (Ipomoea bahiensis, Ludwigia cf filiformis, Ludwigia hyssopifolia, Mollugo verticillata, Paspalum repens) and 49 new occurrences for PEI. Most of species are represented by angiosperms and only three species belong to Ferns and Licophytes. The similarity analysis results revealed two groups, one formed exclusively by areas considered as “restingas” while another is composed by areas with different plant physiognomies. Thus, new records allied to the low similarity of species composition make evident the importance of the area for the conservation of aquatic macrophytes from the Atlantic Forest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720920.v1
title: Macrophytes from Parque Estadual de Itaúnas, Espírito Santo, Brazil

description: Abstract Macrophytes are organisms that have active photosynthetic parts and may be permanently or seasonally submerged, or floating. Given the ecological and physiognomic relevance of the group, this study aimed to determine the richness of aquatic plants from the Parque Estadual de Itaúnas (PEI), Espírito Santo, Brazil, and its floristic links with other areas in the Atlantic Forest. A total of 66 species, 48 genera and 31 families of aquatic macrophytes were found for PEI, of which two are unpublished records for Brazil (Sesbania herbacea and Utricularia biloba), five for the state (Ipomoea bahiensis, Ludwigia cf filiformis, Ludwigia hyssopifolia, Mollugo verticillata, Paspalum repens) and 49 new occurrences for PEI. Most of species are represented by angiosperms and only three species belong to Ferns and Licophytes. The similarity analysis results revealed two groups, one formed exclusively by areas considered as “restingas” while another is composed by areas with different plant physiognomies. Thus, new records allied to the low similarity of species composition make evident the importance of the area for the conservation of aquatic macrophytes from the Atlantic Forest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720917
title: Agroclimatic zoning for urucum crops in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Hardier crops are needed in the arid regions of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, and annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is a good candidate. Producers, however, do not know if their areas are suitable for its cultivation and so are not investing in its implementation. Agroclimatic zoning would provide guidance to the producers. Identifying potential areas for the production of this crop would thus contribute to the agroclimatic zoning of B. orellana in Minas Gerais. We collected data for air temperature and precipitation from 852 meteorological stations in the state to classify regions as suitable, marginally suitable, or unsuitable for the crop. Suitable regions had an air temperature between 22 and 27 °C and precipitation between 800 and 1600 mm.y-1. Marginally suitable regions had an air temperature between 22 and 27 °C and precipitation less than 800 mm.y-1. Unsuitable regions had air temperature less than 22 °C or greater than 27 °C. A geographic information system was used for the spatial interpolation of air temperature and precipitation for all meteorological stations using kriging. The agroclimatic zoning of annatto crops for Minas Gerais was obtained by interpolating the two maps, air temperature and precipitation. Minas Gerais has great potential for urucum production, and agroclimatic zoning enabled the classification of regions by climatic suitability. The northern, western, northwestern, and part of the eastern regions of Minas Gerais have favourable climates suitable for the cultivation of B. orellana.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720917.v1
title: Agroclimatic zoning for urucum crops in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Hardier crops are needed in the arid regions of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, and annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is a good candidate. Producers, however, do not know if their areas are suitable for its cultivation and so are not investing in its implementation. Agroclimatic zoning would provide guidance to the producers. Identifying potential areas for the production of this crop would thus contribute to the agroclimatic zoning of B. orellana in Minas Gerais. We collected data for air temperature and precipitation from 852 meteorological stations in the state to classify regions as suitable, marginally suitable, or unsuitable for the crop. Suitable regions had an air temperature between 22 and 27 °C and precipitation between 800 and 1600 mm.y-1. Marginally suitable regions had an air temperature between 22 and 27 °C and precipitation less than 800 mm.y-1. Unsuitable regions had air temperature less than 22 °C or greater than 27 °C. A geographic information system was used for the spatial interpolation of air temperature and precipitation for all meteorological stations using kriging. The agroclimatic zoning of annatto crops for Minas Gerais was obtained by interpolating the two maps, air temperature and precipitation. Minas Gerais has great potential for urucum production, and agroclimatic zoning enabled the classification of regions by climatic suitability. The northern, western, northwestern, and part of the eastern regions of Minas Gerais have favourable climates suitable for the cultivation of B. orellana.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720914
title: What do Cochrane systematic reviews say about probiotics as preventive interventions?

description: ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Probiotics have been used for a range of clinical situations and their use is strongly encouraged by the media worldwide. This study identified and summarized all Cochrane systematic reviews about the preventive effects of probiotics in clinical practice. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of systematic reviews, conducted in the Discipline of Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). METHODS: We included all Cochrane reviews on any probiotics when they were used as preventive interventions and compared with no intervention, placebo or any other pharmacological or non-pharmacological intervention. RESULTS: 17 Cochrane systematic reviews fulfilled our inclusion criteria and were summarized in this report. None of the reviews included in the present study provided high-quality evidence for any outcome. The benefits from use of probiotics included decreased incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea; decreased incidence of upper respiratory tract infections and duration of episodes; decreased need for antibiotics and absences from school due to colds; and decreased incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Probiotics seem to decrease the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, birthweight, risk of vaginal infection and incidence of eczema. CONCLUSION: Despite the marketing and the benefits associated with probiotics, there is little scientific evidence supporting the use of probiotics. None of the reviews provided any high-quality evidence for prevention of illnesses through use of probiotics. More trials are needed to gain better knowledge of probiotics and to confirm when their use is beneficial and cost-effective.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720914.v1
title: What do Cochrane systematic reviews say about probiotics as preventive interventions?

description: ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Probiotics have been used for a range of clinical situations and their use is strongly encouraged by the media worldwide. This study identified and summarized all Cochrane systematic reviews about the preventive effects of probiotics in clinical practice. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of systematic reviews, conducted in the Discipline of Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). METHODS: We included all Cochrane reviews on any probiotics when they were used as preventive interventions and compared with no intervention, placebo or any other pharmacological or non-pharmacological intervention. RESULTS: 17 Cochrane systematic reviews fulfilled our inclusion criteria and were summarized in this report. None of the reviews included in the present study provided high-quality evidence for any outcome. The benefits from use of probiotics included decreased incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea; decreased incidence of upper respiratory tract infections and duration of episodes; decreased need for antibiotics and absences from school due to colds; and decreased incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Probiotics seem to decrease the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, birthweight, risk of vaginal infection and incidence of eczema. CONCLUSION: Despite the marketing and the benefits associated with probiotics, there is little scientific evidence supporting the use of probiotics. None of the reviews provided any high-quality evidence for prevention of illnesses through use of probiotics. More trials are needed to gain better knowledge of probiotics and to confirm when their use is beneficial and cost-effective.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720908
title: The influence of meal and food markets in fruit and vegetable consumption among adults in the city of São Paulo

description: ABSTRACT: Introduction: Despite the increased consumption of fruits and vegetables in the Brazilian population, a great proportion of people do not meet the recommendations. Purchasing sites associated with fruit and vegetable consumption has not been widely explored. Objective: To explore the association between fruit and vegetable purchasing and consumption sites and the consumption of these foods among adults living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 2 thousand individuals living in the city of São Paulo, aged between 20 and 59 years, participants of the “Obesogenic Environment Study in São Paulo”. The outcome was fruit and vegetable consumption measured by weekly consumption. Exposure variables included purchasing sites (supermarkets, open-air food markets, fruit and vegetable specialized markets, and corner stores) and consumption sites (full service restaurants and fast food restaurants). Results: The sample comprises women (52.3%) aged between 25 and 34 years (30.2%), with at least 8 years of schooling (42.8%) receiving 2 to 5 minimum wages (34.6%). Demographic and socioeconomic variables showed association with regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (p &lt; 0.05). The regular consumption of meals in full service restaurant was associated with vegetables consumption. The regular consumption of meals in fast-food restaurants was not associated with vegetables consumption. Food purchasing sites were not associated with fruit or vegetable consumption. Conclusion: The choice of restaurant type was associated with vegetable consumption. In the studied population, food purchasing sites were not associated with fruit or vegetable consumption.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720908.v1
title: The influence of meal and food markets in fruit and vegetable consumption among adults in the city of São Paulo

description: ABSTRACT: Introduction: Despite the increased consumption of fruits and vegetables in the Brazilian population, a great proportion of people do not meet the recommendations. Purchasing sites associated with fruit and vegetable consumption has not been widely explored. Objective: To explore the association between fruit and vegetable purchasing and consumption sites and the consumption of these foods among adults living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 2 thousand individuals living in the city of São Paulo, aged between 20 and 59 years, participants of the “Obesogenic Environment Study in São Paulo”. The outcome was fruit and vegetable consumption measured by weekly consumption. Exposure variables included purchasing sites (supermarkets, open-air food markets, fruit and vegetable specialized markets, and corner stores) and consumption sites (full service restaurants and fast food restaurants). Results: The sample comprises women (52.3%) aged between 25 and 34 years (30.2%), with at least 8 years of schooling (42.8%) receiving 2 to 5 minimum wages (34.6%). Demographic and socioeconomic variables showed association with regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (p &lt; 0.05). The regular consumption of meals in full service restaurant was associated with vegetables consumption. The regular consumption of meals in fast-food restaurants was not associated with vegetables consumption. Food purchasing sites were not associated with fruit or vegetable consumption. Conclusion: The choice of restaurant type was associated with vegetable consumption. In the studied population, food purchasing sites were not associated with fruit or vegetable consumption.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720905
title: Factors that influence in Jatropha curcas L. latex production

description: ABSTRACT Latex from Jatropha curcas L. exhibits biotechnological potential for the development of biodiesel and drugs. Little is known about the collection methods and latex productivity of this species. In order to garner information on the use of J. curcas latex, factors that influence production by this species were assessed. As a result, no significant difference was found between the volume of latex collected in the stem and the branches. With respect to environmental characteristics, climatic conditions, such as low temperatures and rainfall, affected production. The period of low temperatures and leaf fall occurs after fruit harvest and, in the absence of strong sinks, the plant can use the assimilates to generate greater latex production. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that latex production is positively associated with plant height and negatively associated with fruit production and other variables that maximize it. During the fruiting process the plant uses most of the assimilates for fruit development and a lower percentage to produce secondary compounds, resulting in less availability of these metabolites for latex production. In general, the latex production obtained from this species is low and limits commercial exploitation of this compound, despite its possible pharmacological potential.