cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0038
title: Low temperature photo pyroelectric study on the glassy state in the presence of cryoprotectants - comparison with DSC and viscosity studies.

description: Cryopreservation is gaining more importance in today’s industry as it is an important tool for the preservation of biological cells or tissues for future studies or transplantation. In vitrification, a well practiced cryopreservation technique, addition of cryoprotectants is an essential part to avoid ice formation. Studying the glassy state and the fragility is very important to understand the capability of cryoprotective agents of being used in vitrification. Photopyroelectric (PPE) technique is an accurate method to determine the thermal fluctuations in a sample. This paper emphasis on the setup and calibration of an instrument using PPE technique between -180°C and room temperature and the method used to find the glass transition temperature and fragility parameter from PPE. It concludes with a comparative study using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and viscosity measurements giving a better understanding about the glass transition temperature (Tg) and fragility (m).
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0059
title: Impact of personal characteristics on whole body cryostimulation settings: a numerical simulation study using the FPC model.

description: Given the considerable between-subject variability in skin cooling under whole-body cryostimulation (WBC), we performed a simulation study on the impact of personal characteristics following a stepwise approach. The Fiala thermal Physiology and Comfort (FPC) numerical simulation model adapted to cryotherapy settings was first validated against published averaged data and further calibrated to individual body and skin temperature responses observed from six volunteers during WBC exposures in the PolarFit®Care Single Person WBC Unit. The FPC model was then used to simulate skin temperature responses to 3 min WBC exposure at −110 °C for 65 female and male configurations with varying anthropometric and morphological body characteristics. The results indicated that the skin temperature response was always fast yet very sensitive to variations in personal settings and could well be captured by the individualized FPC numerical simulation model. Body fat content and the fat free mass index were found to significantly affect the personal skin temperature response and would thus also affect the protocol settings regarding both WBC safety-related and cooling efficacy-related issues.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0087
title: Comparison of direct expansion and combined direct expansion and organic Rankine cycle for power generation by utilizing LNG cold energy.

description: A large temperature difference between liquefied natural gas (LNG) and the environment offers the potential for extraction of power from the cold energy that is usually wasted in many LNG regasification terminals. Direct Expansion (DE), or DE coupled with Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is used for this purpose at some LNG receiving terminals. In this work, effects of parameters such as working fluids (pure hydrocarbons, their derivatives and mixtures), flow rates, operating pressures and thermal sizes of the heat exchangers are evaluated through exergy analysis by simulating the system with Aspen Hysys 8.6TM process simulator. Exergy analysis identifies less efficient components in thermodynamic systems. Comparison of optimum parameters that generate a maximum exergy efficiency (implying the maximum power generation) for a desired condition (objective function) may help to arrive at a suitable process. Integration of DE and ORC have a higher efficiency than that of DE and ORC alone.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0090
title: Analysis of cascade cycle and reverse Brayton cycle based bog reliquefaction systems for their suitability in LNG carrier ships with dual fuel engines.

description: Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carrier ships with dual fuel engines use natural gas often by pumping and vaporizing LNG. The cold energy of LNG can be utilized to improve the performance of the reliquefaction system. Cascade cycle (using hydrocarbon or derivatives) and Reverse Brayton cycle (RBC) (using nitrogen) are compared for their suitability as reliquefaction systems using exergy analysis. To condense an equal quantity of boil-off gas (BOG), heat exchangers and exergy input required for RBC are higher. RBC performs better when cold is utilized by BOG stream rather than by N2 stream. For cascade system, LNG cold cannot be extracted gainfully if flow rate of LNG through the pump is very low. One may apply the results given in this paper to choose either RBC or cascade cycles for reliquefaction of BOG utilizing cold from LNG fuel to engine and meet the criteria of size, power consumption and safety.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0106
title: Liquid air energy storage. Part of the joint project "offshore wind solution".

description: The growth core "Offshore Wind Solution" (OWS) is one of the largest since the beginning of this funding program. The growth core is generally engaged with the broadening as well as the increase of technical and economic efficiency of offshore wind energy as a key part of the exit from nuclear and fossil-fuel energy in Germany and Europe. Within the project an energy storage system adapted to the requirements of offshore wind farms has to be developed. This energy storage is based on the principle of liquefied air, in which the existing processes for the liquefaction and regasification have to be adapted to the requirements of the electricity storage to achieve significant efficiency gains and to utilize synergies in the process chain. Within the project, the partial processes are transformed in such a way that the energy losses of the process chain are as low as possible. This also means that all processes must be adapted and optimized to the available cooling and heat flows, with regard to their energy requirements and thermal benefit. The major components within this procedure are different accumulators for cold, heat and pressure and a flexible electrical energy storage. Currently, the identified and evaluated subcomponents are coordinated with respect to their performance and size and the regulatory process chain is matched, whereby the dynamic control processes require the biggest part of project work. Subsequently, the details of the most important subcomponents are designed and developed or enhanced for increasing efficiency.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0117
title: The purity of liquid helium revisited.

description: Helium has the lowest boiling point of any element, therefore it is reasonable to expect that, after purification and solid particle filtration, obtaining a completely pure liquid should be relatively straightforward, however this is not the case. In order to gain a better understanding of the origin of residual contaminants in what should be "pure" liquid helium we discuss two possible underlying mechanisms: a) those produced by the vapour pressure of the solids contaminants and, b) those dissolved in the liquid due to the solubility of the solid contaminants. We show that both mechanisms lead to a similar result: the only non-negligible residual
contaminant that is left after purification is H2 and its presence in the vapour and in the liquid is very similar (yH2=10-10). This small amount of H2 is enough to produce the blocking of fine capillary tubes used to achieve temperatures below 4.2 K in helium pumped cryostats. To solve this problem, we present a purification system based on a combination of cryocondensation and chemisorption that produces hydrogenfree clean helium, which prevents blockages in capillaries.
DOI: 10.21429/c9t056
title: Drought Indicators of the South Central Plains (1981-2014)

description: The South Central U.S. is one of the main agricultural regions in North America: annual agricultural production is valued at more than $44 billion dollars. However, as climate conditions change, the region is experiencing more frequent and severe droughts, with significant impacts on agriculture and broader consequences for land management. For example, in 2011 drought caused an estimated $7.6 billion in agricultural losses in Texas and an additional $1.6 billion in Oklahoma. Although there are many drought monitoring tools available, most of these tools were developed without input from the stakeholders, such as farmers and ranchers, who are intended to use them. The goal of this project is to assess the information needs of farmers, ranchers, and local land managers in the South Central region and to develop drought monitoring tools that are effective and responsive to their needs. The results of this project will be directly and immediately applicable to land management decisions in the region. Further, this approach to improving drought monitoring could be applied to other regions of the country facing similar challenges. Finally, in addition to advancing our knowledge of how drought information is used, this project will also contribute to our understanding of how private land owners and agronomists make decisions related to landscape-scale change.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc11kh25
title: CCDC 970116: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: W.Q.Wang|2017|CSD Communication|||
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc11srrb
title: CCDC 977112: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: J.-H. Choi, D. Moon|2017|CSD Communication|||
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc12vc09
title: CCDC 1008430: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Cecilia Chacón, Julia Bruno-Colmenárez, Joazaizulfazli Jamalis, Gerzon E. Delgado|2017|Studii si Certerari Stiintifice - Seria Chimie si Inginerie Chimica, Biotehnolog|18|111|
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0016
title: The analysis of refrigeration cycles in the technologies of producing of neon and its stable isotopes AT T = 28 K.

description: Comparative analysis of the cycles using neon, hydrogen and helium as working substances has been conducted. The refrigerators combined with technological circuits of the separators have been considered. The circuits, in which the refrigerant is one of the final products in order to reduce the number of compressors, have been proposed. Estimated dependencies to forecast the composition of working substance, when the refrigerant circuit is fed by final product, have been received. Energy characteristics of the series of cycles, which are based on available compressor and vacuum equipment, are presented. Individual cost items have been calculated and the reserves to reduce them are identified.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0023
title: CO2 and H2H cryogenic removal process evaluation for the biogas upgrading and liquefaction.

description: At present there is an increasing focus on environmental issues and air pollution. Although several measures were taken to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, major efforts will be necessary in order to comply with the European climate targets. In this context, the transport sector accounts for almost a quarter of the global GHG emissions. Several studies demonstrate that natural gas (NG) could efficiently substitute conventional fuels, reducing the environmental impact. In particular, its liquid form (LNG) presents additional advantages, due to its high energy density. Recently, an interesting opportunity in this way was found in using purified biogas as feedstock gas, namely biomethane. In order to obtain such a gas, H2S and CO2 have to be removed from biogas. Actually, several upgrading and purification technologies are available but, to produce LNG, cryogenic upgrading technologies become very interesting. Purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility to remove H2S and CO2, obtaining liquefied biogas (LBG), with a single plant. The analysis is performed by means of HYSYS software. An economic comparison between this technology and conventional systems and between this technology and another cryogenic upgrading method is also performed. Results indicate that the proposed technology is a valid option for LBG production.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0027
title: Exergetic analysis of reverse brayton cryocooler for different cooling loads at 65 K for HTS cables.

description: Cryocoolers with cooling capacity of 1-5 kW at 65 K are required to operate the high-temperature superconductors (HTS) power cables. In this paper, an RBC for cooling of HTS cables is analysed and optimized using Aspen HYSYS V8.6®. Exergy approach has been adopted to analyse the RBC. The optimization problem developed based on exergy efficiency maximization. Three load conditions of 1, 3 and 5 kW at 65 K with neon and helium as working fluids have been considered. Additionally, the effects of variation of operating parameters on the performance of the systems were identified, and the effects of turbine and compressor efficiencies and heat exchanger effectiveness have been studied. As a result, the cycle configurations with optimum process parameters have been identified and presented in this work. The conclusions of this article will be helpful in deciding modification in basic different cooling loads.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0032
title: Thermal performance of a helium pulsating heat pipe.

description: A Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP) utilizing helium as the working fluid and operating between 3 K and 5.2 K under a variety of conditions demonstrates effective thermal conductivity values as high at 60,000 W/m-K. Heat rates up to 0.9 watts are transferred from the evaporator end and absorbed at the condenser end by a Sumitomo RDK-408A2 cryocooler. The PHP is comprised of stainless steel tubing with inner and outer diameters of 0.5 mm and 0.8 mm respectively and looping back and forth between the evaporator and condenser ends 21 times. The condenser, adiabatic and evaporator sections have respective lengths of 0.1 m, 0.3 m and 0.1 m. Here we report data from an on-going experiment that describes the performance of the PHP under random changes and distributions of heat load on the evaporator. The completely passive yet significant heat transfer characteristics of the PHP enable localized cooling such as provided at the cold tip of a cryocooler to be effectively spread over a broad region with minimal added mass and without the need for any auxiliary mechanical pumping. The triple point and critical point temperature of the working fluid usually determine the operating temperature range of the PHP. In the case of helium, the lower temperature limit of the PHP is determined by the thermal balance between the cooling power of the cryocooler and the heat load to the PHP. Significantly lower temperatures are possible with systems that incorporate more stringent thermal isolation.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0052
title: Commissioning results of the jt-60sa cryogenic system.

description: The JT-60SA cryogenic system is the French voluntary contribution f to the joint European - Japanese project JT-60SA, a superconducting tokamak currently under assembly in QST Fusion Institute in Naka, Japan. The cryoplant was manufactured in Europe and installed in Japan by Air Liquide Advanced Technologies (AL-aT). After one year of commissioning, the acceptance tests were successfully completed in October 2016. The cryogenic system with an equivalent refrigerant power of 9,5 kW at 4,5 K, supplies different cryogenic users at various temperatures: the superconducting magnets at 4,4 K, the current leads at 50 K , the thermal shields at 80 K and the diverter cryo-pumps at 3,7 K. The major challenge of the commissioning was the demonstration of the pulse operation as the cyclic plasma operation induces large variation of thermal loads to the distribution and refrigeration cold boxes. A thermal damper of 7 m3 mitigates the pulsed heat loads simulated by heaters. An adaptive control of the pressure was successfully tested on the cold compressor and the downstream cryogenic valve to the return LP line. The commissioning results are reported detailing the main operating modes.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0064
title: Influence of laser excitation on inverse proximity effect in BiOI/NB neterostructures.

description: In recent years, the light-induced effects in superconductors have attracted intensive attention. The photosensitive bismuth oxyhalides semiconductors BiOX (X = Cl, Br and I) are promising substrates for sputtering due to their photosensitive properties and layered structure. In the current work, the superconductivity of 25 nm thick Nb films sputtered on the photosensitive semiconductors BiOI under laser irradiation was investigated. The resistive superconducting transitions were measured in the temperature range 5 K ≤ T ≤ 9 K. The shift of the superconducting transition temperature under laser excitation is in good agreement with the McMillan model which indicates the influence of the inverse proximity effect induced by the interface.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0072
title: A computational study for characterizing cavitating flow in hydrofoils operating at cryogenic conditions.

description: In our previous research [1], we have identified the potential regimes of flow instabilities such as tip vortex cavitation, backflow vortices at different design and off-design condition for the inducer of a LOX booster turbopump. Cavitation is the development of vapor structures in an originally liquid flow due to localized pressure depression. In general, cryogenic propellants used in modern rocket engines have high vapour–liquid density ratio and with a small latent heat of vaporization are operated close to the thermodynamic critical point. The temperature depression due to the latent heat of vaporization suppresses the growth of cavitation and alleviates cavitation instability in space inducers. Hence, designing a turbopump needs a proper understanding of the cavitation phenomenon. In this paper, an attempt has been made to simulate cryogenic cavitating flow aimed at liquid rocket propulsion applications and to estimate the temperature and pressure profiles for different operating conditions for different fluids. The physical implications of the existing cavitation models are re-examined for the 0.5 caliber hydrofoil from the standpoint of cryogenic fluids.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.cryo.2017.0085
title: Compact plug&play monitors for precise low temperature measurements.

description: During the last years, temperature monitors from Lake Shore are mostly known in many cryogenic laboratories and organizations. For example the “LS 218” monitor is the main instrument for the FAIR SIS100 magnet prototype testing at the GSI in Darmstadt. The demands for the SIS100 accelerator system include immunity against harsh electromagnetic radiation and low radiation dose for long life time. Usually instrumentation modules for low temperatures regimes are very expensive and require high skill specialists for implementation of calibration curves for temperature sensors. For satellite helium refrigerators the ILK developed reliable instrumentation modules for low temperature measurements with cold multiplexers. Based on these instruments a new temperature monitor has been designed which fulfils the GSI specifications. Beside this, the universal “plug & play“ temperature monitor from ILK brings new features like: SD card for reading of calibration curves and recording of data, long time offline battery operation, efficient suppressing of electromagnetic noise and high channel count with optional cold multiplexer. First metrology comparison tests of both LS 218 and monitors of ILK, performed by the GSI, showed a better performance of the ILK design. Specialists at the GSI are testing and evaluating the ILK units for the open market. This new developed ILK temperature monitors, their test results and specifications will be presented and discussed in this paper.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1016049
title: Vibrato Dataset

description: Vibrato Dataset is the extended version of the previous dataset. It consists of vibrato sounds for five different instruments providing different pitch ranges of notes, melodies, articulations, scales and musical techniques as staccato and legato. It includes 295 note tracks with vibratos and corresponding non vibrato tones and 49 melody and articulation tracks. 

Data Collection

It is organized according to the source of the recordings. Sounds with vibrato and no vibrato are presented within the folders with their annotations in cvs format. All annotations except than the alto saxophone recordings include derivative analysis of pitch parameters.

The reason of choosing following subsets is that all subsets are created in MTG and they are open source. 

The MTG violin recordings includes single notes of two octaves and four different melodies starting from different pitch are recorded in wav format sampled at 44.1 kHz. Each sound separated by semitones is recorded four times for no vibrato,slow, standard and fast rates of vibrato. Melodies were played for no vibrato and vibrato at a standard rate to have the attenuation at the end of the note. Good-sounds alto-sax recordings main feature is that it offers the quality of the vibrato sound and provides vibrato tracks of articulation, scales and staccato, legato techniques. The remaining subset offers a good variety of instruments and mostly two octave range of vibrato-non vibrato pairs.

Dataset Description

The database is meant for organizing the sounds in a handy way. It is organized according to the creator. In each three datasets, annotations and analysis parameters are available within the csv files and each has 11 field descriptor.


	Carlos_Vaquero
	
		Transverse_flute
		Violin
		Violoncello
		Bassoon
	
	
	Good-sounds-Alto sax
	
		Alto-sax
	
	
	MTG - Violin
	
		Violin
	
	


Except than alto-sax recordings, each annotation files contain following parameters:


	<strong>Peak_Percentage:</strong> Percent wise proportion of peaks in first derivation of the pitch trajectory.
	<strong>Mean_Difference:</strong> Mean value of the differences of two consecutive peaks.
	<strong>Max_Difference:</strong> Maximum separation of side by side peaks.
	<strong>Index_Max (first one):</strong> Index value of the maximum peak in the derivative array.
	<strong>Location_Max (%):</strong> Location of the maximum peak in the array, percent wise.
	<strong>Start_End_Time (seconds):</strong> Starting and ending time instants of vibrato in the recording.
	<strong>Duration:</strong> Duration of the vibrato part of the recording.


License

All the software is distributed with the Affero GPL v3 license.