cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217533.v1
title: Classifying coefficients of genetic variation and heritability for Eucalyptus spp.

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to establish classification ranges for genetic and additive genetic coefficients of variation, as well as for broad and narrow sense heritability, as a function of growth and wood quality traits for Eucalyptus spp. We conducted statistical analyses to determine differences in this classification the types of coefficients used. The selected studies that met the inclusion criteria, 58 presented genetic variation coefficients (448 data points) and 53 presented heritability coefficients (423 data points). To descriptive statistics and the Shapiro-Wilk test, we confirmed that it was necessary to separate coefficients and traits into groups. Inconsistencies for growth traits were observed, confirming the influence of experimental error, indirect estimation methods, and environmental effects on coefficient estimates. We recommend the use of the classification tables included in this literature review to interpret results in studies so as to standardize the classification of coefficients of genetic variation and heritability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217534
title: QTL mapping for Type II resistance to Fusarium head blight and spike architecture traits in bread wheat

description: Abstract In breeding for resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) there should be precise differentiation between QTL for resistance and those for spike architecture traits that indirectly affect disease. QTL mapping for FHB Type II resistance and spike architecture traits was carried out in a population of 80 RIL. Three QTL for FHB Type II resistance were identified respectively on chromosomes 2A, 4A and 6D, the last of which is reported here for the first time. The number of florets per spike and per spikelet was associated with FHB Type II resistance but there was not co-localization between QTL for these traits. However, QTL for number of spikelets per spike overlapped with those for FHB Type II resistance on chromosomes 2A and 6D. Spike architecture traits - notably, the number of florets per spike and per spikelet - should be considered in the design of breeding strategies to increase Type II resistance to FHB in bread wheat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217534.v1
title: QTL mapping for Type II resistance to Fusarium head blight and spike architecture traits in bread wheat

description: Abstract In breeding for resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) there should be precise differentiation between QTL for resistance and those for spike architecture traits that indirectly affect disease. QTL mapping for FHB Type II resistance and spike architecture traits was carried out in a population of 80 RIL. Three QTL for FHB Type II resistance were identified respectively on chromosomes 2A, 4A and 6D, the last of which is reported here for the first time. The number of florets per spike and per spikelet was associated with FHB Type II resistance but there was not co-localization between QTL for these traits. However, QTL for number of spikelets per spike overlapped with those for FHB Type II resistance on chromosomes 2A and 6D. Spike architecture traits - notably, the number of florets per spike and per spikelet - should be considered in the design of breeding strategies to increase Type II resistance to FHB in bread wheat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217540
title: Urban development financing

description: ABSTRACT This paper deals with a controversial aspect of the Brazilian public policies: the way urban investment and the provision of urban services are financed. The failure of pat solutions, based on a highly centralized decision-making process of channeling budgetary resources and forced savings to state and local governments, led to a situation in which financial difficulties became one of the main reasons of the deteriorating urban infrastructure and urban services in most of the major Brazilian cities. Against this background the paper argues for a through revision of the way and means of urban development financing, based on recommendations of pooling available resources, implementing professional management and moving toward better intergovernmental coordination of urban policies. Confidence in the newer rules, and in its maintenance over time, is also emphasized as an important requisite for attracting private capital to important areas, such as sanitation, transportation and housing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217540.v1
title: Urban development financing

description: ABSTRACT This paper deals with a controversial aspect of the Brazilian public policies: the way urban investment and the provision of urban services are financed. The failure of pat solutions, based on a highly centralized decision-making process of channeling budgetary resources and forced savings to state and local governments, led to a situation in which financial difficulties became one of the main reasons of the deteriorating urban infrastructure and urban services in most of the major Brazilian cities. Against this background the paper argues for a through revision of the way and means of urban development financing, based on recommendations of pooling available resources, implementing professional management and moving toward better intergovernmental coordination of urban policies. Confidence in the newer rules, and in its maintenance over time, is also emphasized as an important requisite for attracting private capital to important areas, such as sanitation, transportation and housing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217542
title: Comparator product issues for biowaiver implementation: the case of Fluconazole

description: Abstract The aim of this work was to assess if the commercially available Fluconazole drug products (Reference, Generic and Similar) would meet the biowaiver criteria from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Brazilian Agency for Health Surveillance (ANVISA) agencies. All formulations were evaluated considering the dissolution profile carried out in Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) pH 1.2, Acetate Buffer (AB) pH 4.5 and Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF) pH 6.8. The results demonstrated that all formulations fulfilled the 85% of drug dissolved at 30 min criterion in SGF pH 1.2. However, in AB pH 4.5 and SIF pH 6.8, some formulations, including the comparator, did not achieve this dissolution percentage. The discrepant dissolution profiles also failed the ƒ2 similarity factor analysis, since none of the formulations showed values between 50 and 100 in the three dissolution media. Comparative dissolution profiles were not similar, considering that the main issues concerning the dissolution were evidenced for the comparator product. Hence, a revision in the regulatory norms in order to establish criteria to switch the comparator could result in an increased application of drugs based on biowaiver criteria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217542.v1
title: Comparator product issues for biowaiver implementation: the case of Fluconazole

description: Abstract The aim of this work was to assess if the commercially available Fluconazole drug products (Reference, Generic and Similar) would meet the biowaiver criteria from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Brazilian Agency for Health Surveillance (ANVISA) agencies. All formulations were evaluated considering the dissolution profile carried out in Simulated Gastric Fluid (SGF) pH 1.2, Acetate Buffer (AB) pH 4.5 and Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF) pH 6.8. The results demonstrated that all formulations fulfilled the 85% of drug dissolved at 30 min criterion in SGF pH 1.2. However, in AB pH 4.5 and SIF pH 6.8, some formulations, including the comparator, did not achieve this dissolution percentage. The discrepant dissolution profiles also failed the ƒ2 similarity factor analysis, since none of the formulations showed values between 50 and 100 in the three dissolution media. Comparative dissolution profiles were not similar, considering that the main issues concerning the dissolution were evidenced for the comparator product. Hence, a revision in the regulatory norms in order to establish criteria to switch the comparator could result in an increased application of drugs based on biowaiver criteria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217543
title: Prey selectivity of the invasive largemouth bass towards native and non-native prey: an experimental approach

description: Abstract Non-native predators are known to cause ecological impacts through heightened consumption of resources and decimation of native species. One such species is Micropterus salmoides. Often introduced for sport fishing worldwide; it has been listed by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources as one of the 100 of the world’s worst invasive species. Whilst impacts conferred towards native prey are well known, its relationship with other non-native species has received much less attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to experimentally investigate the feeding preference of M. salmoides towards native prey (Geophagus iporangensis) compared to non-native prey (Oreochromis niloticus and Coptodon rendalli) using comparative consumption and the Manly-Chesson selectivity index. We found a higher consumption by M. salmoides towards the non-native prey and a tendency for this non-native preference to increase when prey availability increased. Our results are in line with the hypothesis that the invasion of the non-native predator can be facilitated by the high abundance and reproductive rate of the non-native prey. This is relevant considering the interaction of multiple invaders in an ecosystem, in particular environments modified by humans. Interspecific relationships are complex and their understanding is necessary for environmental management decision-making.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217543.v1
title: Prey selectivity of the invasive largemouth bass towards native and non-native prey: an experimental approach

description: Abstract Non-native predators are known to cause ecological impacts through heightened consumption of resources and decimation of native species. One such species is Micropterus salmoides. Often introduced for sport fishing worldwide; it has been listed by International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources as one of the 100 of the world’s worst invasive species. Whilst impacts conferred towards native prey are well known, its relationship with other non-native species has received much less attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was to experimentally investigate the feeding preference of M. salmoides towards native prey (Geophagus iporangensis) compared to non-native prey (Oreochromis niloticus and Coptodon rendalli) using comparative consumption and the Manly-Chesson selectivity index. We found a higher consumption by M. salmoides towards the non-native prey and a tendency for this non-native preference to increase when prey availability increased. Our results are in line with the hypothesis that the invasion of the non-native predator can be facilitated by the high abundance and reproductive rate of the non-native prey. This is relevant considering the interaction of multiple invaders in an ecosystem, in particular environments modified by humans. Interspecific relationships are complex and their understanding is necessary for environmental management decision-making.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217545
title: Biology, trophic chain, and ethnobiological calendar of the mangrove crab, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Brachyura, Ocypodidae), according to the perception of catchers in Itanhaém, São Paulo, Brazil

description: Abstract Ethnobiology helps to better understand research processes involving humans and nature. It produces important information for the management of ecosystems and their natural resources. The mangrove crab (Ucides cordatus) is an endemic mangrove crustacean that lives in close association with arboreal vegetation and whose distribution extends throughout this ecosystem along the Brazilian coast. It plays an important role in ecosystem processes, actively participating in sediment bioturbation and the flow of organic matter and energy, affecting the entire trophic chain of coastal environments. This study compiles ethnobiological data from catchers in the Itanhaém River Estuary (SP) on the biology of the mangrove crab according to morphotype (male and female), biological cycle (growth and reproductive period), fishing season, and its participation in the trophic chain of mangroves. Thus, this study serves as a basis for education and environmental management actions. The authors conducted interviews using the snowball technique and applied a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions for catchers. We submitted the data to qualitative and quantitative analysis and compared it with data from the available literature. We interviewed the entire sample universe of catchers in the study area. Ethnobiological data referring to the periods of growth and reproduction coincided with literature data in the following proportions: 66.8 % for Brazil and 82.5 % for the southeast-south region. The results reinforce the relevance and accuracy of local ecological knowledge in the interpretation of data from nature. Moreover, the results show gaps in compliance with the norms for the protection of this species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217545.v1
title: Biology, trophic chain, and ethnobiological calendar of the mangrove crab, Ucides cordatus (Linnaeus, 1763) (Brachyura, Ocypodidae), according to the perception of catchers in Itanhaém, São Paulo, Brazil

description: Abstract Ethnobiology helps to better understand research processes involving humans and nature. It produces important information for the management of ecosystems and their natural resources. The mangrove crab (Ucides cordatus) is an endemic mangrove crustacean that lives in close association with arboreal vegetation and whose distribution extends throughout this ecosystem along the Brazilian coast. It plays an important role in ecosystem processes, actively participating in sediment bioturbation and the flow of organic matter and energy, affecting the entire trophic chain of coastal environments. This study compiles ethnobiological data from catchers in the Itanhaém River Estuary (SP) on the biology of the mangrove crab according to morphotype (male and female), biological cycle (growth and reproductive period), fishing season, and its participation in the trophic chain of mangroves. Thus, this study serves as a basis for education and environmental management actions. The authors conducted interviews using the snowball technique and applied a semi-structured questionnaire with open and closed questions for catchers. We submitted the data to qualitative and quantitative analysis and compared it with data from the available literature. We interviewed the entire sample universe of catchers in the study area. Ethnobiological data referring to the periods of growth and reproduction coincided with literature data in the following proportions: 66.8 % for Brazil and 82.5 % for the southeast-south region. The results reinforce the relevance and accuracy of local ecological knowledge in the interpretation of data from nature. Moreover, the results show gaps in compliance with the norms for the protection of this species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217548
title: Direct Detection and Quantification of Bacterial Pathogens from Broiler Cecal Samples in the Slaughter Line by Real-Time PCR

description: ABSTRACT Chicken meat is an important source of foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Clostridium perfringens. These bacteria can occur in the intestinal microbiota of broilers and contaminate chicken carcasses in industrial meat processing. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a procedure based on real-time PCRs for the direct detection and quantification of these three bacteria in broilers’ ceca collected in poultry slaughter houses and demonstrate the occurrence of these important foodborne pathogens in Brazilian poultry production flocks. Cecal contents were collected from 45 different broiler flocks in three different slaughterhouses in the state of Paraná, Brazil, totaling 45 samples (in pools of 10 different ceca/chickens per broiler flock). Then, these samples were tested for the detection and quantification of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Clostridium perfringens by real-time PCRs. The results demonstrated the occurrence of three (6.7%) positive pools for Salmonella, 20 (44.4%) for Campylobacter, and 32 (71.1%) for C. perfringens. Mean bacterial concentrations in the positive samples were 4.3log10 cells/g for Salmonella, 6.4 log10 cells/g for Campylobacter, and 5.5 log10 cells/g for C. perfringens. In conclusion, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and C. perfringens could be detected and quantified directly from the broilers cecal contents collected in the slaughter line. This procedure will be certainly useful to more quickly detect these foodborne pathogens and prevent their occurrence in chicken meat and other poultry food products.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217548.v1
title: Direct Detection and Quantification of Bacterial Pathogens from Broiler Cecal Samples in the Slaughter Line by Real-Time PCR

description: ABSTRACT Chicken meat is an important source of foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Clostridium perfringens. These bacteria can occur in the intestinal microbiota of broilers and contaminate chicken carcasses in industrial meat processing. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a procedure based on real-time PCRs for the direct detection and quantification of these three bacteria in broilers’ ceca collected in poultry slaughter houses and demonstrate the occurrence of these important foodborne pathogens in Brazilian poultry production flocks. Cecal contents were collected from 45 different broiler flocks in three different slaughterhouses in the state of Paraná, Brazil, totaling 45 samples (in pools of 10 different ceca/chickens per broiler flock). Then, these samples were tested for the detection and quantification of Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Clostridium perfringens by real-time PCRs. The results demonstrated the occurrence of three (6.7%) positive pools for Salmonella, 20 (44.4%) for Campylobacter, and 32 (71.1%) for C. perfringens. Mean bacterial concentrations in the positive samples were 4.3log10 cells/g for Salmonella, 6.4 log10 cells/g for Campylobacter, and 5.5 log10 cells/g for C. perfringens. In conclusion, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and C. perfringens could be detected and quantified directly from the broilers cecal contents collected in the slaughter line. This procedure will be certainly useful to more quickly detect these foodborne pathogens and prevent their occurrence in chicken meat and other poultry food products.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20152408.v1
title: Observation of a coral-dwelling gall crab (Cryptochiridae) in a dead coral host highlights their vulnerability to reef degradation

description: Abstract Coral-associated fauna contributes greatly to coral reef biodiversity. Many species are obligately associated with their hosts on which they depend for food and/or refuge from predators. Their close relationship with their hosts makes them vulnerable to coral mortality. Here I report a coral-dwelling gall crab (Cryptochiridae) inhabiting a partially dead Echinopora Lamarck, 1816 coral, at Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives. Cryptochirids are thought to feed off the mucus provided by their coral host, although some questions about their feeding biology remain. This observation highlights that these crabs remain associated with a dead host, even if it can no longer provide nutrients. The strong host association makes gall crabs vulnerable to widespread habitat degradation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20152408
title: Observation of a coral-dwelling gall crab (Cryptochiridae) in a dead coral host highlights their vulnerability to reef degradation

description: Abstract Coral-associated fauna contributes greatly to coral reef biodiversity. Many species are obligately associated with their hosts on which they depend for food and/or refuge from predators. Their close relationship with their hosts makes them vulnerable to coral mortality. Here I report a coral-dwelling gall crab (Cryptochiridae) inhabiting a partially dead Echinopora Lamarck, 1816 coral, at Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives. Cryptochirids are thought to feed off the mucus provided by their coral host, although some questions about their feeding biology remain. This observation highlights that these crabs remain associated with a dead host, even if it can no longer provide nutrients. The strong host association makes gall crabs vulnerable to widespread habitat degradation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217552
title: Use of a mobile application for the control of anticoagulation with warfarin: a cluster randomized controlled clinical trial - Ijui/RS/Brazil

description: Abstract To evaluate the effectiveness of an anticoagulation protocol adapted in a mobile application (appG) for patients using warfarin. This was a cluster randomized controlled clinical trial carried out in basic health centers of Ijui, RS, Brazil, between April and October 2017. The appG was installed on the cell phones of all physicians belonging to the intervention group. Primary outcomes were bleeding and thrombosis, and secondary outcomes were changes in the dose of warfarin, use of new drugs, drug interactions, search for health services, and remaining on the target international normalized ratio. Thirty-three patients belonging to 11 basic health centers were included in this study. From these, 15 patients were in the intervention group which used the appG, and 18 were in the control group. After 6 months, patients in the appG group had fewer bleeding events (7% versus 50%, p-value=0.028) and a lower weekly dose of warfarin (29.3 ± 9.7 mg versus 41.7 ± 12.5 mg, p-value=0.030) when compared to the control group. The anticoagulation protocol adapted in a mobile app reduced bleeding in patients using warfarin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20217552.v1
title: Use of a mobile application for the control of anticoagulation with warfarin: a cluster randomized controlled clinical trial - Ijui/RS/Brazil

description: Abstract To evaluate the effectiveness of an anticoagulation protocol adapted in a mobile application (appG) for patients using warfarin. This was a cluster randomized controlled clinical trial carried out in basic health centers of Ijui, RS, Brazil, between April and October 2017. The appG was installed on the cell phones of all physicians belonging to the intervention group. Primary outcomes were bleeding and thrombosis, and secondary outcomes were changes in the dose of warfarin, use of new drugs, drug interactions, search for health services, and remaining on the target international normalized ratio. Thirty-three patients belonging to 11 basic health centers were included in this study. From these, 15 patients were in the intervention group which used the appG, and 18 were in the control group. After 6 months, patients in the appG group had fewer bleeding events (7% versus 50%, p-value=0.028) and a lower weekly dose of warfarin (29.3 ± 9.7 mg versus 41.7 ± 12.5 mg, p-value=0.030) when compared to the control group. The anticoagulation protocol adapted in a mobile app reduced bleeding in patients using warfarin.