DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jqz
title: Data from: Assessing short- and long-term anthropogenic threats to a reintroduced fish in a restored urban riverscape

description: Understanding which species can persist in human-modified environments is
 essential to biodiversity conservation in the Anthropocene. In urbanized
 environments, many stressors limit the persistence of imperiled native
 species via impacts on the abiotic and biotic environment. Habitat
 restoration followed by reintroduction of native species may be an
 effective strategy to maintain or even regenerate biodiversity in
 urbanized environments, but few studies have assessed these two
 conservation strategies concomitantly in urban freshwater
 ecosystems. We assessed short-term population dynamics
 and habitat associations of an endemic species of conservation concern,
 Guadalupe bass (Micropterus treculii, ‘GB’), that was reintroduced in a
 restored urbanized riverscape already occupied by a generalist congener,
 largemouth bass (M. salmoides, ‘LMB’). We performed four seasonal surveys
 of habitat association and one capture-mark-recapture survey of the two
 species at eight sites distributed along a 17 km reach of the San Antonio
 River within San Antonio, Texas—the seventh largest city in the United
 States. Detection of multiple size classes at all eight sites
 indicated that reintroduced GB have dispersed throughout this riverscape
 and are naturally recruiting. Juvenile GB were associated with restored
 riffles and transitioned to pools as adults—an ontogenetic habitat shift
 documented in rivers draining natural landscapes elsewhere in the GB
 native range. By contrast, juvenile and adult LMB were associated with
 pool habitats. Our results indicated that the construction of riffle
 habitats along this restored riverscape provide essential habitat for
 juvenile GB that was unavailable prior to restoration. Habitat overlap of
 adult bass indicated the potential for competition between the two
 species; however, GB body condition did not vary with LMB abundance across
 sites or seasons. Next, we assessed long-term stressors
 by comparing dispersal barriers, hydrologic alteration, pollution proxies,
 and fish kill frequencies in the urbanized restored riverscape to
 minimally-impacted riverscapes throughout the native GB range. The
 urbanized restored riverscape was subject to more barriers, flashier
 hydrology, and more pollution; however, these stressors did not translate
 to more frequently-documented fish kills in our study. We showed
 that restoration of instream habitat followed by reintroduction of native
 species enhanced urbanized biodiversity. Monitoring population responses
 to multiple urbanized stressors and mitigating those that threaten the
 long-term persistence of reintroduced species remains important.
description: # Data from: Assessing short- and long-term anthropogenic threats to a
 reintroduced fish in a restored urban riverscape
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jqz](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jqz) ## Description of the data and file structure Three data tables are provided in .csv format: - **capture_mark_recapture** (.csv file): Input for Schnabel and Schumacher-Eschmeyer population size analysis. - **habitat_association_fish** (.csv file): Input for outlying mean index (OMI) analysis. - **habitat_association_transects** (.csv file): Input for outlying mean index (OMI) analysis. ### Files and variables #### File: capture_mark_recapture.csv **Description:**  ##### Variables * site_no: Site numbers listed from 1 (most upstream) to 8 (most downstream). * date: Date of fish capture. * day: Day on which the individual was captured (can be day 1, day 2, or day 3). * genspe: Abbreviation for the Latin name of the individual captured (Micropterus salmoides or M. treculii). * TL_mm: Total length of captured individual measured in millimeters. * recap: Boolean variable indicating whether the captured individual was a recapture (i.e., had been captured and marked on a previous day). * marked_day1: Boolean variable indicating whether the recaptured individual was also captured on day 1. * marked_day2: Boolean variable indicating whether the recaptured individual was also captured on day 2. #### File: habitat_association_fish.csv **Description:**  ##### Variables * season: Season during which measurement was taken (summer 2021, fall 2021, winter 2022, or spring 2022). * site_no: Site numbers listed from 1 (most upstream) to 8 (most downstream). * date: Date of habitat measurement. * lat: Latitude of habitat measurement in decimal degrees. * lon: Longitude of habitat measurement in decimal degrees. * species: Abbreviation for the Latin name of the individual captured (Micropterus salmoides or M. treculii). * TL_mm: Total length of captured individual measured in millimeters. * mass_g: Mass of captured individual measured in grams. * dep_cm: Water depth at survey point measured in centimeters. * vel_mps: Flow velocity at survey point measured in meters per second. * emb_pct: Substrate embeddedness at survey point measured as percent coverage (0% = unembedded, 100% fully embedded). * can_pct: Canopy cover (streamside vegetation or human infrastructure) at survey point measured in percent cover (0% = open, 100% = covered). * substrate: Substrate size class at survey point following modified Wentworth scale. * undercut: Boolean variable indicating presence of undercut bank at survey point. * bank_veg: Boolean variable indicating presence of bank vegetation overhanging the water surface at survey point. * macrophyte: Boolean variable indicating presence of macrophytes at survey point. * algae: Boolean variable indicating presence of algae at survey point. * detritus: Boolean variable indicating presence of detritus at survey point. * wood: Boolean variable indicating presence of woody debris at survey point. * boulder: Boolean variable indicating presence of boulders at survey point. * Missing data: NA #### File: habitat_association_transects.csv **Description:**  ##### Variables * season: Season during which measurement was taken (summer 2021, fall 2021, winter 2022, or spring 2022). * site_no: Site numbers listed from 1 (most upstream) to 8 (most downstream). * date: Date of habitat measurement. * transect_no: Transect numbers within a site listed from 1 (most downstream) to 16 (most upstream). * point_no: Point numbers within a transect listed from 1 (east bank) to 11 (west bank). * dep_cm: Water depth at survey point measured in centimeters. * vel_mps: Flow velocity at survey point measured in meters per second. * emb_pct: Substrate embeddedness at survey point measured as percent coverage (0% = unembedded, 100% fully embedded). * can_pct: Canopy cover (streamside vegetation or human infrastructure) at survey point measured in percent cover (0% = open, 100% = covered). * substrate: Substrate size class at survey point following modified Wentworth scale. * undercut: Boolean variable indicating presence of undercut bank at survey point. * bank_veg: Boolean variable indicating presence of bank vegetation overhanging the water surface at survey point. * macrophyte: Boolean variable indicating presence of macrophytes at survey point. * algae: Boolean variable indicating presence of algae at survey point. * detritus: Boolean variable indicating presence of detritus at survey point. * wood: Boolean variable indicating presence of woody debris at survey point. * boulder: Boolean variable indicating presence of boulders at survey point. ## Access information Other publicly accessible locations of the data: * Global Biodiversity Information Facility ([www.gbif.org](http://www.gbif.org)). * StreamCat Dataset ([https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic-resource-surveys/streamcat-dataset](https://www.epa.gov/national-aquatic-resource-surveys/streamcat-dataset)). * USGS National Water Information System: 15-minute water temperature data from 66 study sites ([https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis](https://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis)). * Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Kills and Spills Database ([https://tpwd.texas.gov/landwater/water/environconcerns/kills_and_spills/](https://tpwd.texas.gov/landwater/water/environconcerns/kills_and_spills/)).