cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283674.v1
title: Disinfection of greywater by heterogeneous photocatalysis

description: ABSTRACT Proper disinfection of greywater is needed to ensure the safety of its reuse, especially in applications with potential for human exposure. Various advanced oxidation processes have been used in recent years for the degradation of organic contaminants, as well as for disinfection of water and wastewater. The purpose of this study was to test TiO2 supported in microtubes to disinfect greywater by photocatalysis in order to reuse it in sanitary bowl. The greywater used in the experiments was collected after passing through a treatment system consisting of an evapotranspiration tank followed by constructed wetland with horizontal flow. Batch tests were conducted using a cylindrical photochemical reactor of 1.0 L (total volume of the reactor), filled with small glass Pyrex cylinders with supported TiO2. For disinfection tests, the processes UV, H2O2, UV/TiO2, UV/H2O2 and UV/TiO2/H2O2 were used. It was possible to obtain a homogeneous layer of TiO2 deposited in small Pyrex glass tubes with an average thickness of 35.3 µm; this layer was able to promote an increase in the greywater disinfection. However, even with a greater disinfection power of TiO2 compared with photolysis (UV), the processes with hydrogen peroxide was much more efficient in disinfection (total inactivation of total coliforms, enterococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and in the removal of organic matter in terms of chemical oxygen demand (around 60%). Samples stored at a room temperature and wrapped in plastic dark showed no bacterial regrowth after 24 hours of storage after the experiments, thus showing the viability of treated greywater for domestic reuse.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283675
title: Soil treated with cement for sorption of Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cr 3+, and As 5+ in permeable reactive barriers

description: ABSTRACT Environment contamination originates mainly from the exploitation of natural resources and industrial production, with the generation of waste generally disposed on the soil or in the water. One of the solutions for the contaminated groundwater remediation is the isolation of the region (plume) with reactive permeable barriers. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the sorption of lead (Pb2+), cadmium (Cd2+), chromium (Cr3+), and arsenic (As5+) by two soils with doses of 1, 2 and 4% of Portland cement. Batch equilibrium assays were performed with monospecific solutions of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, and As5+. Sorption isotherms were obtained from equilibrium concentration values of solute in solution (Ce) and mass of solute sorbed by soil mass (S), according to the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The data collected after models adjustment were submitted to regression analysis to evaluate the effect of the cement doses. The pH increase caused by the cement addition made it impossible for most elements in both soils to adjust the theoretical models of Freundlich or Langmuir due to the predominant precipitation of metals. The analyzed sorghum that best satisfied the sorption conditions, for both arsenic and lead, was sandy soil with 2% cement addition. As for cadmium, it was the clay soil with 1% cement. For chromium, it was not possible to establish the best cement dose due to the total metal precipitation at all doses evaluated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283675.v1
title: Soil treated with cement for sorption of Pb 2+ , Cd 2+ , Cr 3+, and As 5+ in permeable reactive barriers

description: ABSTRACT Environment contamination originates mainly from the exploitation of natural resources and industrial production, with the generation of waste generally disposed on the soil or in the water. One of the solutions for the contaminated groundwater remediation is the isolation of the region (plume) with reactive permeable barriers. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the sorption of lead (Pb2+), cadmium (Cd2+), chromium (Cr3+), and arsenic (As5+) by two soils with doses of 1, 2 and 4% of Portland cement. Batch equilibrium assays were performed with monospecific solutions of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+, and As5+. Sorption isotherms were obtained from equilibrium concentration values of solute in solution (Ce) and mass of solute sorbed by soil mass (S), according to the Langmuir and Freundlich models. The data collected after models adjustment were submitted to regression analysis to evaluate the effect of the cement doses. The pH increase caused by the cement addition made it impossible for most elements in both soils to adjust the theoretical models of Freundlich or Langmuir due to the predominant precipitation of metals. The analyzed sorghum that best satisfied the sorption conditions, for both arsenic and lead, was sandy soil with 2% cement addition. As for cadmium, it was the clay soil with 1% cement. For chromium, it was not possible to establish the best cement dose due to the total metal precipitation at all doses evaluated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283678
title: Evaluation of the impact of replacing ordinary by water saving plumbing fixtures in water consumption

description: ABSTRACT Water conservation is a matter of great importance. It is directly linked to the quality of life of society and the economic growth of cities. In this context, water saving plumbing fixtures are an option for reduction of consumption in buildings. This study aims to assess whether the replacement of ordinary plumbing fixtures with water saving ones in a University campus has an influence on water consumption. Besides the replacement of the plumbing fixtures, the influence of other variables such as temperature and number of students is analysed. Water meters were installed in one of the campus buildings in order to measure the isolated consumption in toilets, taps, urinals and drinking fountains. The study was divided in two stages: metering before the intervention and after the replacement of ordinary equipment with water saving devices (lavatory taps and toilets) and adjust of drinking fountains flow. For statistical analysis, a multiple linear regression model was used with consumption as the dependent variable and plumbing fixture replacement, number of students and daily temperature as the explanatory variables. The results show that the replacement of taps was significant for the total daily water consumption in the building, with 19.77% of reduction. According to an individual analysis of the plumbing fixtures, the replacement proved to be significant for the reduction of water consumption.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283681
title: Applicability of compartmentalized anaerobic reactor system followed by anaerobic filter on small swine wastewater treatment

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to assess the performance of a system composed by a compartmentalized anaerobic reactor (CAR) followed by anaerobic filter (AF) in the treatment of the wastewater of as mall pigfarm.The following parameters were analyzed: pH, total volatilefatty acids (VFA), total demand of chemical oxygen (DCOt), dissolved chemical oxygen demand (CODdiss), chemical oxygen demand due to suspended solids (CODSS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS) and total kjeldhal nitrogen (TKN). The effluents and AF values for the CAR, the DCOt, TSS and TKN were 6,633 and 4,361mg.L-1, 2,418 and 595 mg.L-1, and 888 and 954 mg.L-1, respectively, for a volumetric organic load (VOL) of 7.01 kgDCO(m3.d)-1 in CAR and 28.3 kgDCO(m3.d)-1 in AF, and hydraulic detention time of 70.5 hand 17.8 hin CAR and AF, respectively. The CAR system followed by FA presented a mean removal efficiency of 88.8% for COD and 80.5% for TSS. It is concluded that the anaerobic treatment system consisting of CAR followed by AF was efficient in removing DCO and TSS, allowing with the imposed operating conditions to achieve average removal values above 80%, becoming a great alternative for wastewater treatment in small swinefarms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283681.v1
title: Applicability of compartmentalized anaerobic reactor system followed by anaerobic filter on small swine wastewater treatment

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to assess the performance of a system composed by a compartmentalized anaerobic reactor (CAR) followed by anaerobic filter (AF) in the treatment of the wastewater of as mall pigfarm.The following parameters were analyzed: pH, total volatilefatty acids (VFA), total demand of chemical oxygen (DCOt), dissolved chemical oxygen demand (CODdiss), chemical oxygen demand due to suspended solids (CODSS), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS) and total kjeldhal nitrogen (TKN). The effluents and AF values for the CAR, the DCOt, TSS and TKN were 6,633 and 4,361mg.L-1, 2,418 and 595 mg.L-1, and 888 and 954 mg.L-1, respectively, for a volumetric organic load (VOL) of 7.01 kgDCO(m3.d)-1 in CAR and 28.3 kgDCO(m3.d)-1 in AF, and hydraulic detention time of 70.5 hand 17.8 hin CAR and AF, respectively. The CAR system followed by FA presented a mean removal efficiency of 88.8% for COD and 80.5% for TSS. It is concluded that the anaerobic treatment system consisting of CAR followed by AF was efficient in removing DCO and TSS, allowing with the imposed operating conditions to achieve average removal values above 80%, becoming a great alternative for wastewater treatment in small swinefarms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283682
title: Assessment of air pollution in the industrial area of the Maracanau district in Ceara state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The intensification of industrial activities and the increase in vehicular emissions have contributed significantly to the increase in atmospheric pollution in urban centers. In this context, the present study aimed to monitor the air quality in the area of Maracanaú Industrial District, in the state of Ceará, an important industrial area in northeastern region of Brazil. Samples were collected during 24 h from November 2015 to April 2016 for pollutants such as total suspended (TSP) and inhalable particle materials (PM10), NO2, SO2, O3 and heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn) associated with TSP and PM10. Ozone (O3) was determined by ultraviolet absorption (254 nm) and the concentration of heavy metals were estimated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The mean values observed for the pollutant concentrations were: 51.3 μg/m3 for TSP; 46.1 μg/m3 for PM10; 8.9 μg/m3 for SO2; 8.3 μg/m3 for NO2; 38.5 μg/m3 for O3 in 8 hours and 48.4 μg/m3 for O3 in 1 hour. Among metals, Fe (14.9 µg/m3) was the most abundant species in both particulates. All the parameters analyzed are in accordance with the values established by the Brazilian legislation and only PM10 are above the recommended by the World Health Organization in 16.7 % of the samples (mean 74.5 μg/m3). In general, the air quality in the industrial area under study can be considered good, according to the estimates of the air quality index (AQI) recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283683.v1
title: Portfolio management of sanitation projects in the PCJ Basin Committees: multicriteria method for hierarchization

description: ABSTRACT High costs and limited financial resources make it essential to prioritize sanitation projects. Multicriteria methods, for individual or group decisions, constitute modern tools to rank project portfolios. Currently, there are many methods available in the scientific and technical literature. In Brazil, the Hydrographic Basin committees constitute the institution for decentralized decisions to manage projects portfolios. This article proposes a multicriteria model of decision support for prioritizing a portfolio of sanitation projects within the scope of a basin committee. As a case study, a portfolio of 14 projects is used, which is the subject of a public notice for the application of financial resources from FEHIDRO and/or collected by charging raw water in the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí (PCJ) basins. The method Promethee II was used with the graphic extension GAIA. The model provided a detailed analysis of the potentialities of the alternatives. It was possible to visualize not only the ordering, but also all the overcoming properties of each alternative by the matrices and the graphs presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283686
title: Economic and financial analysis of the management of organic solid waste from a small-scale agro-processing industry

description: ABSTRACT Agro-industrial activities generate large quantities of organic solid waste. For this reason, they are responsible for establishing goals and strategies for the management of their waste, aiming at reuse, recycling, and treatment whenever possible. This work presents a case study was carried out to evaluate the economic and financial viability of different scenarios for the management of agro-industry residues generated by the minimum processing of vegetables, located in Teresopolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The scenarios that evaluated the costs of disposal of organic solid waste in landfills were high. On the other hand, in the scenario that considered the treatment of organic solid wastes, through the composting technique, it was observed that it was financially feasible and attractive for investment, since it presented a profitability of 19.28% per year, which is higher than different options available in the market. With the treatment of organic solid waste and the commercialization of the compound produced, the generation of revenue for the agroindustry and the environmentally correct destination of this waste are promoted, since it not only reduces the environmental impacts and the volume of waste generated, but also allows the reinsertion of nutrients into the productive cycle of new crops, generating income for the agroindustry. For the treatment of waste, an initial investment of R$ 385,388.09 is necessary, where it was estimated that the time required to recover financial capital was in the short term, with four years and ten months.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283682.v1
title: Assessment of air pollution in the industrial area of the Maracanau district in Ceara state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The intensification of industrial activities and the increase in vehicular emissions have contributed significantly to the increase in atmospheric pollution in urban centers. In this context, the present study aimed to monitor the air quality in the area of Maracanaú Industrial District, in the state of Ceará, an important industrial area in northeastern region of Brazil. Samples were collected during 24 h from November 2015 to April 2016 for pollutants such as total suspended (TSP) and inhalable particle materials (PM10), NO2, SO2, O3 and heavy metals (Sb, Cd, Pb, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn) associated with TSP and PM10. Ozone (O3) was determined by ultraviolet absorption (254 nm) and the concentration of heavy metals were estimated by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The mean values observed for the pollutant concentrations were: 51.3 μg/m3 for TSP; 46.1 μg/m3 for PM10; 8.9 μg/m3 for SO2; 8.3 μg/m3 for NO2; 38.5 μg/m3 for O3 in 8 hours and 48.4 μg/m3 for O3 in 1 hour. Among metals, Fe (14.9 µg/m3) was the most abundant species in both particulates. All the parameters analyzed are in accordance with the values established by the Brazilian legislation and only PM10 are above the recommended by the World Health Organization in 16.7 % of the samples (mean 74.5 μg/m3). In general, the air quality in the industrial area under study can be considered good, according to the estimates of the air quality index (AQI) recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283683
title: Portfolio management of sanitation projects in the PCJ Basin Committees: multicriteria method for hierarchization

description: ABSTRACT High costs and limited financial resources make it essential to prioritize sanitation projects. Multicriteria methods, for individual or group decisions, constitute modern tools to rank project portfolios. Currently, there are many methods available in the scientific and technical literature. In Brazil, the Hydrographic Basin committees constitute the institution for decentralized decisions to manage projects portfolios. This article proposes a multicriteria model of decision support for prioritizing a portfolio of sanitation projects within the scope of a basin committee. As a case study, a portfolio of 14 projects is used, which is the subject of a public notice for the application of financial resources from FEHIDRO and/or collected by charging raw water in the Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí (PCJ) basins. The method Promethee II was used with the graphic extension GAIA. The model provided a detailed analysis of the potentialities of the alternatives. It was possible to visualize not only the ordering, but also all the overcoming properties of each alternative by the matrices and the graphs presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283690
title: Measurement with hexagonal prismatic configuration: an alternative to macromeasuring

description: ABSTRACT Flow measurements are essential for processes management involving fluids. In water companies, measuring inlets and outlets of water is essential to manage revenue and water losses. The water can be measured through diverse instruments with different application principles. Due to the high acquisition costs of the usual water flow meters, as well the difficulties of installation and maintenance, macro meter in Brazil is deficient. The Pitot Cole Tube is able to determine flow in pipes through the pressure differential. The main advantages are the low cost and easy installation, that may occur with the pipe under load. However, its peaces are fragile and complex. This paper propose the construction of a simple and robust instrument to measure the water flow. The prototype is build with pressure plugs installed on opposite faces of a hexagonal prism, then is evaluated of its effectiveness in water flow measurements. The results were promising given the stability obtained in the calibration coefficient.
DOI: 10.22008/fk2/oiajvo/p4w3q0
title: snow_specific_area.tif

description: SICE version: Cloud removed, PPGC, SNAP7, pySICEv1.4
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283686.v1
title: Economic and financial analysis of the management of organic solid waste from a small-scale agro-processing industry

description: ABSTRACT Agro-industrial activities generate large quantities of organic solid waste. For this reason, they are responsible for establishing goals and strategies for the management of their waste, aiming at reuse, recycling, and treatment whenever possible. This work presents a case study was carried out to evaluate the economic and financial viability of different scenarios for the management of agro-industry residues generated by the minimum processing of vegetables, located in Teresopolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The scenarios that evaluated the costs of disposal of organic solid waste in landfills were high. On the other hand, in the scenario that considered the treatment of organic solid wastes, through the composting technique, it was observed that it was financially feasible and attractive for investment, since it presented a profitability of 19.28% per year, which is higher than different options available in the market. With the treatment of organic solid waste and the commercialization of the compound produced, the generation of revenue for the agroindustry and the environmentally correct destination of this waste are promoted, since it not only reduces the environmental impacts and the volume of waste generated, but also allows the reinsertion of nutrients into the productive cycle of new crops, generating income for the agroindustry. For the treatment of waste, an initial investment of R$ 385,388.09 is necessary, where it was estimated that the time required to recover financial capital was in the short term, with four years and ten months.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283687
title: Bioremediation of arsenic-contaminated soil through soil washing using biosurfactants

description: ABSTRACT Gold mining is one of the main sources of Arsenic (As) contamination in Minas Gerais, particularly at the Iron quadrangle. Arsenic is a toxic element that causes damage to human health. The soil washing technique using biosurfactants (BS) containing extracts was tested to promote the mobilization of the As contained in some soil samples collected in an abandoned gold mine, to investigate an environmentally friendly but equally efficient alternative to remove As from soils. Two mixed cultures of biosurfactant-producing bacteria (MPCB and MPBR), both adapted to the cultivation at high As concentrations (8 mg.L-1), were selected for extracts production. Surfactants were stable over a wide pH range, 3-11; temperature, 28-50ºC and salinity, 1-5% NaCl (p.v-1), and promoted the mobilization of As. The pH and solid:liquid ratio influenced the removal efficiency of the tested extracts. The highest removals were obtained at pH 11.0 and a solid:liquid ratio of 1:40 (g.mL-1). Under pH 11.0, the arsenic removal results obtained with MPCB (14.01 and 13.72%) and MPBR extracts (12.04 and 12.31%) were superior to those obtained by using 1% (w/v) solutions of the commercial surfactants SDS (0.87 and 0.71%), saponin (0.57 and 0.55%) and, soy lecithin (2.05 and 2.63%). The pH and the solid: liquid ratio influenced the results of the column tests. The highest As removals: 25.43% (MPCB) and 22.43% (MPBR) were obtained after 10 extraction cycles, at pH 11 and 1:40 ratio (g.mL-1). The extracts MPCB and MPBR removed the water-soluble arsenic as well as the carbonate associated As and the adsorbed ions. Both extracts behaved similarly to EDTA and the commercial microbial extract (GorduraKlin®).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14283690.v1
title: Measurement with hexagonal prismatic configuration: an alternative to macromeasuring

description: ABSTRACT Flow measurements are essential for processes management involving fluids. In water companies, measuring inlets and outlets of water is essential to manage revenue and water losses. The water can be measured through diverse instruments with different application principles. Due to the high acquisition costs of the usual water flow meters, as well the difficulties of installation and maintenance, macro meter in Brazil is deficient. The Pitot Cole Tube is able to determine flow in pipes through the pressure differential. The main advantages are the low cost and easy installation, that may occur with the pipe under load. However, its peaces are fragile and complex. This paper propose the construction of a simple and robust instrument to measure the water flow. The prototype is build with pressure plugs installed on opposite faces of a hexagonal prism, then is evaluated of its effectiveness in water flow measurements. The results were promising given the stability obtained in the calibration coefficient.