cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gh7v525
title: Data from: Purring crickets: the evolution of a novel sexual signal

description: Opportunities to observe contemporary signal change are incredibly rare,
 but critical for understanding how diversity is created and maintained. We
 discovered a population of the Pacific field cricket (Teleogryllus
 oceanicus) with a newly evolved song (“purring”), different from any known
 cricket. Male crickets use song to attract females from afar and to court
 females once near. Teleogryllus oceanicus is well-known for sexual signal
 evolution, as exemplified by a recent signal loss. In this study, we
 characterized the new purring sound and investigated the role of the purr
 in long distance and short distance communication. The purring sound
 differed from typical ancestral calls in peak frequency, amplitude, and
 bandwidth. Further, the long-distance purring song facilitated mate
 location, though the role of courtship purring song is less clear. Our
 discovery of purring male crickets is an unprecedented opportunity to
 watch the emergence of a newly evolved sexual signal unfold in real time,
 and has potential to illuminate the mechanisms by which evolutionary
 novelties arise and coevolve between the sexes.
description: Data from Tinghitella
 Broder et al. Can she hear me nowFour csv data files used
 to create the tables and figures in Tinghitella Broder et al. "Can
 she hear me now? The evolution of a novel signal" in The American
 NaturalistData from Can she hear me
 now.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7m3dq
title: Data from: Facultative paedomorphosis as a mechanism promoting intraspecific niche differentiation

description: Organisms with complex life cycles are characterized by a metamorphosis
 that allows for a major habitat shift and the exploitation of alternative
 resources. However, metamorphosis can be bypassed in some species through
 a process called paedomorphosis, resulting in the retention of larval
 traits at the adult stage and is considered important at both micro- and
 macroevolutionary scales. In facultatively paedomorphic populations of
 newts, some individuals retain gills and a fully aquatic life at the adult
 stage (paedomorphs), while others undergo complete metamorphosis
 (metamorphs), allowing for a terrestrial life-stage. Because facultative
 paedomorphosis affects trophic structures and feeding mechanism of newts,
 one hypothesis is that it may be maintained as a trophic polymorphism,
 with the advantage to lessen intraspecific competition during the shared
 aquatic life-stage. Here, we tested this hypothesis combining stomach
 content data with stable isotope techniques, using carbon and nitrogen
 stable isotopes, in facultatively paedomorphic alpine newts (Ichthyosaura
 alpestris). Both stomach content and stable isotope analyses showed that
 paedomorphs had smaller trophic niches and were more reliant on pelagic
 resources, while metamorphs relied more on littoral resources,
 corresponding to a polyphenism along the littoral-pelagic axis and the
 extension of the population’s trophic niche to otherwise ‘underused’
 pelagic resources by paedomorphs. Interestingly, stable isotopes revealed
 that the trophic polyphenism was less marked in males than in females and
 potentially linked to sexual activity. Although paedomorphosis and
 metamorphosis are primarily seen as results of trade-offs between the
 advantages of using aquatic versus terrestrial habitats, this study
 provides evidence that additional forces, such as intraspecific trophic
 niche differences between morphs and trophic niche expansion, may play an
 important role in the persistence of this dimorphism in heterogeneous
 environments. Moreover, the different patterns found in males and females
 show the importance of considering sex to understand the evolutionary
 ecology of trophic polymorphisms.
description: Stomach contents and
 morphological measurements of newtsContains stomach
 contents (as numerical abundance), total ingested dry mass, snout-vent
 length and body mass of each newt.raw-data-stomach-content.csvStable isotopes composition of newtsContains carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition of each newt.raw-data-stable-isotopes.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j3mk157
title: Data from: Phenotypic determinants of inter-individual variability of litter consumption rate in a detritivore population

description: Abstract not entered
description: Rota_et_al_2018_Oikos_Data_sets
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8kr0m
title: Data from: Variation in costs of parasite resistance among natural host populations

description: Organisms that can resist parasitic infection often have lower fitness in
 the absence of parasites. These costs of resistance can mediate host
 evolution during parasite epidemics. For example, large epidemics will
 select for increased host resistance. In contrast, small epidemics (or no
 disease) can select for increased host susceptibility when costly
 resistance allows more susceptible hosts to outcompete their resistant
 counterparts. Despite their importance for evolution in host populations,
 costs of resistance (which are also known as resistance trade-offs) have
 mainly been examined in laboratory-based host-parasite systems. Very few
 examples come from field-collected hosts. Furthermore, little is known
 about how resistance trade-offs vary across natural populations. We
 addressed these gaps using the freshwater crustacean Daphnia dentifera and
 its natural yeast parasite, Metschnikowia bicuspidata. We found a cost of
 resistance in two of the five populations we studied – those with the most
 genetic variation in resistance and the smallest epidemics in the previous
 year. However, yeast epidemics in the current year did not alter slopes of
 these trade-offs before and after epidemics. In contrast, the no-cost
 populations showed little variation in resistance, possibly because large
 yeast epidemics eroded that variation in the previous year. Consequently,
 our results demonstrate variation in costs of resistance in wild host
 populations. This variation has important implications for host evolution
 during epidemics in nature.
description: AuldetalDryadThe following file contains data for parasite transmission rate (column: Beta), instantaneous host birth rate (column: b) according to host population (column: Population) isofemale line (column: iso-f line), whether the isofemale line were collected before or after the parasite epidemic (column: Epidemic, 0 is before the epidemic, 1 is after the epidemic) and whether or not the population exhibited a resistance trade-off (i.e., a positive relationship between b and Beta; column: Trade-off)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m3p21
title: Data from: Warming and top predator loss drive ecosystem multifunctionality

description: Global change affects ecosystem functioning both directly by modifications
 in physicochemical processes, and indirectly, via changes in biotic
 metabolism and interactions. Unclear, however, is how multiple
 anthropogenic drivers affect different components of community structure
 and the performance of multiple ecosystem functions (ecosystem
 multifunctionality). We manipulated small natural freshwater ecosystems to
 investigate how warming and top predator loss affect seven ecosystem
 functions representing two major dimensions of ecosystem functioning,
 productivity and metabolism. We investigated their direct and indirect
 effects on community diversity and standing stock of multitrophic macro
 and microorganisms. Warming directly increased multifunctional ecosystem
 productivity and metabolism. In contrast, top predator loss indirectly
 affected multifunctional ecosystem productivity via changes in the
 diversity of detritivorous macroinvertebrates, but did not affect
 ecosystem metabolism. In addition to demonstrating how multiple
 anthropogenic drivers have different impacts, via different pathways, on
 ecosystem multifunctionality components, our work should further spur
 advances in predicting responses of ecosystems to multiple simultaneous
 environmental changes.
description: Antiqueira et al.
 Ecology letters paperOriginal
 data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q3j4t
title: Data from: Does developmental acclimatization reduce the susceptibility to predation in newt larvae?

description: Many organisms respond to the heterogeneity of abiotic environmental
 conditions by plastic modifications of their phenotypes (acclimation or
 acclimatization). Despite considerable research efforts in this area, the
 beneficial (adaptive) effect of acclimation or acclimatization is still
 debated. We examined whether development of newt larvae (Ichthyosaura
 alpestris) in different natural light and thermal conditions subsequently
 altered their susceptibility to predation in sun-exposed versus shaded
 tanks in nature. During predation trials in various light and temperature
 conditions, newt larvae that developed in sun-exposed warmer tanks
 consistently suffered from higher predation by dragonfly nymphs (Aeshna
 cyanea) than larvae from shaded or colder tanks. We conclude that higher
 sun exposure during embryonic and larval development negatively affects
 antipredator performance even in sun-exposed tanks: this result is
 inconsistent with the beneficial acclimation hypothesis.
description: BJLS-2427_dataData used for statistical analyses
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j2r53
title: Data from: Interspecific functional convergence and divergence and intraspecific negative density dependence underlie the seed-to-seedling transition in tropical trees

description: The seed-to-seedling transition constitutes a critical bottleneck in the
 life history of plants and represents a major determinant of species
 composition and abundance. However, we have surprisingly little knowledge
 regarding the forces driving this ontogenetic transition. Here we utilize
 information regarding organismal function to investigate the strength of
 intra- and interspecific negative density dependence during the
 seed-to-seedling transition in Puerto Rican tree species. Our analyses
 were implemented at individual sites and across an entire 16-ha forest
 plot, spanning 6 years. The functional richness of seedling assemblages
 was significantly lower than expected given the seed assemblages, but the
 functional evenness was significantly higher than expected, indicating the
 simultaneous importance of constraints on the overall phenotypic space and
 trait differences for successful transitions from seed to seedling. The
 results were consistent across years. Within species, we also found
 evidence for strong intraspecific negative density dependence, where the
 probability of transition was proportionally lower when in a site with
 high conspecific density. These results suggest that filtering of similar
 phenotypes across species and strong negative density dependence within
 and among species are simultaneously driving the structure and dynamics of
 tropical tree assemblages during this critical life-history transition.
description: Swenson_Umana_PuertoRicoFunctional trait data collected from adult trees in the El Yunque National Forest, Puerto Rico. Species names are given as species codes used by the Luquillo LTER.Swenson.UmanaEtAl.dryad.csv
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18385742
title: Spin1/2 without QM
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18385741
title: Spin1/2 without QM
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2qr77
title: Data from: Complex coevolution of wing, tail, and vocal sounds of courting male bee hummingbirds

description: Phenotypic characters with a complex physical basis may have a
 correspondingly complex evolutionary history. Males in the ‘bee’
 hummingbird clade court females with sound from tail-feathers, which
 flutter during display dives. On a phylogeny of 35 species, flutter sound
 frequency evolves as a gradual, continuous character on most branches. But
 on at least six internal branches fall two types of major, saltational
 changes: mode of flutter changes, or the feather that is the sound source
 changes, causing frequency to jump from one discrete value to another. In
 addition to their tail 'instruments', males also court females
 with sound from their syrinx and wing feathers, and may transfer or switch
 instruments over evolutionary time. In support of this, we found a
 negative phylogenetic correlation between presence of wing trills and
 singing. We hypothesize that transference occurs because wing trills and
 vocal songs serve similar functions and are thus redundant. There are also
 three independent origins of self-convergence of multiple signals, in
 which the same species produces both a vocal (sung) frequency sweep, and a
 highly similar non-vocal sound. Moreover, production of vocal, learned
 song has been lost repeatedly. Male bee hummingbirds court females with a
 diverse, coevolving array of acoustic traits.
description: Ultrametric Bee
 Hummingbird treeUltrametric bee
 hummingbird phylogeny including 35 taxa of bee hummingbird, and 6
 outgroups from other hummingbird clades. See also Figure
 S1.ultra_bee.tre
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f2m2s
title: Data from: Molecular data confirm morphological variability in the widespread foliose lichen Canoparmelia carolinana (Parmeliaceae)

description: Canoparmelia caroliniana is among the most common macrolichens in
 southeastern North America, occurring on the bark of trees in habitats
 from urban centers to pristine wilderness. Canoparmelia amabilis was
 distinguished from C. caroliniana on the basis of differences in the color
 of the lower surface and morphology of the isidia. Recent fieldwork
 revealed previously overlooked morphologically variability within C.
 caroliniana, prompting a revision based on morphology, ecology, and
 analyses of nrITS sequence data. These data do not support the distinction
 between C. amabilis and C. caroliniana, and indicate that C. amabilis
 should be placed in synonymy with C. caroliniana. Analyses of nrITS
 sequence data confirmed the monophyly of C. caroliniana (including C.
 amabilis) as well as that of C. cryptochlorophaea and C. texana. A
 lectotype is selected for Canoparmelia amabilis because the holotype is
 presumed to be lost.
description: Canoparmelia_datasetThis data file comprises a zipped folder that contains the input files used for three sets of molecular phylogenetic analyses in this study.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c36k6
title: Data from: Behavioral plasticity and the origins of novelty: the evolution of the rattlesnake rattle

description: Environmentally induced behavior (behavioral plasticity) has long been
 hypothesized to promote the origins of novel morphological traits, but
 this idea remains controversial. One context in which this hypothesis can
 be evaluated is animal communication, where behavior and morphology are
 often linked. Here, we examined the evolution of one of nature’s most
 spectacular communication signals: the rattlesnake rattle. We specifically
 evaluated whether rattlesnake rattling behavior—and, hence, the
 rattle—originated from a simple behavior: vibrating the tail when
 threatened. By reconstructing the ancestral state of defensive tail
 vibration, we show that this behavior is nearly ubiquitous in the
 Viperidae (the family that includes rattlesnakes) and widespread in the
 Colubridae (the largest snake family, nearly all of which are
 nonvenomous), suggesting a shared origin for the behavior between these
 families. After measuring tail vibration in 56 species of Viperidae and
 Colubridae, we show that the more closely related a species was to
 rattlesnakes, the more similar it was to rattlesnakes in duration and rate
 of tail vibration. Thus, the rattlesnake rattle might have evolved via
 elaboration of a simple behavior. These data thereby support the
 long-standing hypothesis that behavioral plasticity often precedes—and
 possibly instigates—the evolution of morphological novelty.
description: Duration of Tail
 Vibration Behavior in Different Snake SpeciesThis spreadsheet
 describes the average duration, in seconds, of tail vibration behavior in
 the snake species filmed for this project. The spreadsheet also lists each
 species' distance to the monophyletic rattlesnake node. Our research
 found that the more closely related a species was to rattlesnakes, the
 more similar the duration of its tail vibration was to
 rattlesnakes.duration.csvProbability of Tail Vibration Behavior in Different Snake SpeciesThis spreadsheet describes the average probability of a snake species engaging in tail vibration behavior among the snakes filmed for this project. The spreadsheet also lists each species' distance to the monophyletic rattlesnake node. Our research did not find a significant relationship between degree of taxonomic relatedness to rattlesnakes and propensity to engage in tail vibration behavior.probability.csvRate of Tail Vibration Behavior in Different Snake SpeciesThis spreadsheet describes the average rate, in vibrations per second, of tail vibration behavior in the snake species filmed for this project. The spreadsheet also lists each species' distance to the monophyletic rattlesnake node. Our research found that the more closely related a species was to rattlesnakes, the more similar the rate of its tail vibration was to rattlesnakes.rate.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.885g3
title: Data from: Personality predicts social dominance in male domestic fowl

description: Individuals in social species commonly form dominance relationships, where
 dominant individuals enjoy greater access to resources compared to
 subordinates. A range of factors such as sex, age, body size and prior
 experiences has to varying degrees been observed to affect the social
 status an individual obtains. Recent work on animal personality (i.e.
 consistent variation in behavioural responses of individuals) demonstrates
 that personality can co-vary with social status, suggesting that also
 behavioural variation can play an important role in establishment of
 status. We investigated whether personality could predict the outcome of
 duels between pairs of morphologically matched male domestic fowl (Gallus
 gallus domesticus), a species where individuals readily form social
 hierarchies. We found that males that more quickly explored a novel arena,
 or remained vigilant for a longer period following the playback of a
 warning call were more likely to obtain a dominant position. These traits
 were uncorrelated to each other and were also uncorrelated to aggression
 during the initial part of the dominance-determining duel. Our results
 indicate that several behavioural traits independently play a role in the
 establishment of social status, which in turn can have implications for
 the reproductive success of different personality types.
description: Personality_predicts_social_status_dataThe file contains data for the study "Personality predicts social dominance in male domestic fowl" by A Favati, O Leimar and H Løvlie, 2014, PLoS ONE. The data consists of behavioural responses of male domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus) to a novel arena test and a startle test, outcome of duels and aggression scores during the duels and when presenting a manually restrained intruder. The dataset also contains information on the males morphological characters.Personality_predicts_social_dominance_data.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jf45095
title: Data from: Trophic structure alters consequences of environmental warming

description: Climate warming can directly affect traits and demographic rates of
 organisms. However, individuals are embedded in complex networks of
 ecological interactions with other members of the community, allowing for
 a range of direct and indirect effects that depend on the trophic
 structure of the community. Here we show that effects of warming (i.e.
 increase in mean temperature) on a given species can strongly depend on
 the community context and trophic complexity of the system. Specifically,
 we manipulated the presence/ absence of two competing tadpole species and
 their dragonfly predators to simulate different food webs of increasing
 complexity that were exposed to ambient or warmed conditions. We found
 that warming dramatically reduced herbivore (tadpole) survival in the
 absence of strong interspecific competition and predation, but it had no
 measureable effect on demographic rates on the dominant competitor in more
 complex communities where it was exposed to interspecific competition and
 predation. Conversely, our results also indicate that warming reduced the
 strength of interspecific competition and predation in our system. These
 results suggest that trophic complexity could potentially buffer climate
 change effects on populations and emphasize that we often cannot predict
 the effects of changes in abiotic conditions on a given population without
 accounting for the community context.
description: Tadpole
 dataNumber of emerged
 metamorphs, and remaining tadpoles of two anuran species, including wet
 and dry mass for both and treatment design.Survival_Mass_Dryad.csvPrimary producersDensity/Concentration of two primary producers : periphyton and phytoplanktonPrimariProduver_Dryad.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.34t55
title: Data from: The cranial endocast of the Middle Devonian dipnonan Dipterus valenciennesi and a fossilized dipnoan otoconial mass

description: The well known Middle Devonian (Eifelian–Givetian) lungfish Dipterus
 valenciennesi from Scotland, UK, has been studied for more than one
 hundred years though our understanding of the neurocranium and cranial
 cavity is incomplete. Micro-CT scanning demonstrates that the internal
 cast of the cranial cavity, the endocast, possesses a mix of primitive and
 derived characters. The olfactory bulbs are sessile, as in the derived
 extant Lepidosirenidae. However, Dipterus valenciennesi possesses the
 primitive condition of a shallow telencephalon unlike Upper Devonian forms
 such as Rhinodipterus kimberleyensis and extant lungfish taxa. Further
 information revealed by micro-CT scanning has allowed coding for
 characters pertaining to the neurocranial cristae, previously unobservable
 in Dipterus valenciennesi, allowing hypotheses of relationships between
 Devonian Dipnoi and the position of Dipterus valenciennesi to be
 reassessed. New analyses do not refine the phylogenetic position of
 Dipterus valenciennesi but do increase support for most recently
 established Devonian dipnoan phylogeny. The first record of a
 three-dimensionally preserved fossilized otoconial mass from the utricular
 recess in a fossil dipnoan is also described. Comparison of morphometric
 data of the endosseous and soft tissue manifestations of the labyrinth
 system in extant dipnoan taxa demonstrates that there is largely good
 correspondence between the two. When compared to Dipterus valenciennesi,
 extant taxa exhibit semi-circular canals that are reduced in length.
 Furthermore, compared to Dipterus, in extant dipnoan taxa the size of the
 otoconial mass has increased relative to the utricular and sacculolagenar
 pouches containing them. The functional implications for these
 observations suggest that the Dipnoi have evolved towards a more sedentary
 lifestyle and behaviour at least since the Middle Devonian.
description: Challands2015Analysis1Challands 2015 matrix - Friedman 2007 Dipnoan matrix ammended for Dipterus valenciennesi without Rhinodipterus kimberleyensis.Challands2015Analysis2Challands 2015 matrix - Friedman 2007 Dipnoan matrix with Rhinodipterus kimberleyensis i.e. the matrix of Clement updated for Dipterus valenciennesi.