DOI: 10.5061/dryad.31zcrjdjn
title: Are lifestyle pattern changes associated to poor subjective sleep quality?: a cross-sectional study by gender among the general Japanese population underwent specified medical checkups in 2014 and 2015.

description: Objectives: Subjective sleep quality (SSQ) is defined by the satisfaction
 of one’s overall sleep experience, and is composed of sleep depth and
 restfulness. It has not been clarified how poor SSQ is associated to
 changes in lifestyles. The purpose is to reveal the association of
 lifestyle pattern changes and poor SSQ. Design: A cross-sectional study.
 Setting: The data on basic attributes, SSQ, and lifestyle such as
 presence/absence of smoking, exercise, physical activity, supper time
 close to bedtime, drinking habits, and alcohol intake amount per day were
 obtained from database and questionnaire of specified medical checkups in
 FY 2014 and 2015 in Japan. The analysis was conducted in 2019.
 Participants: The subjects comprised 49,483 residents (26,087 males and
 23,396 females), aged 40 to 74 years who had undergone an annual specified
 medical checkup from 2014 to 2015 in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan. Outcome
 measure: Status of SSQ in 2015 was assessed using a question asking
 whether or not the subjects usually got enough sleep. Poor SSQ in 2015 and
 lifestyle pattern changes in 2014-2015 were compared between those who
 were in healthy status both in 2014 and 2015 (referent) and non-referent,
 using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Unhealthy lifestyle
 pattern for 2014-2015 was significantly associated to poor SSQ in 2015:
 “absent to absent” in exercise for males (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.472; 95%
 confidence interval [CI] = 1.316, 1.647) and females (OR = 1.428; 95%CI =
 1.285, 1.587), physical activity for males (OR = 1.420; 95%CI = 1.270,
 1.588) and females (OR = 1.471; 95%CI = 1.322, 1.638), and “present to
 present” in supper time for males (OR = 1.149; 95%CI = 1.020, 1.294) and
 females (OR = 1.288; 95%CI = 1.102, 1.505). Conclusions: Health care
 workers may be able to contribute to the improvement of SSQ, focusing on
 changeable lifestyles.
description: In this cross-sectional study, we used the data of 91,795
 residents, aged 40 to 74 years, who had undergone an annual specified
 medical checkup in all years from 2014 to 2015 in Fukushima Prefecture,
 Japan, by the National Health Insurance Organization. Of 91,795 residents,
 individuals who had poor SSQ in 2014 and whose data on age, gender, body
 mass index (BMI), blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1C
 (HbA1c), habits of smoking, exercise, physical activity, eating meals
 close to bedtime, drinking (frequency and volume of alcohol intake), and
 sleep quality were incomplete were excluded from the present study. The
 analysis was conducted in 2019, and the total number of participants was
 49,483 (26,087 males and 23,396 females).
description: This readme is for the dataset of the article entitled
 "Association between lifestyle pattern change and non-restorative
 sleep by gender among the general Japanese population: a cross-sectional
 study." in BMJ Open. id: subject id.<br>
 gender: 1 = male; 2 = female.<br> 2014Age: age in 2014.<br>
 2014BMI: BMI in 2014.<br> 2014SBP: systolic blood pressure in
 2014.<br> 2014DBP: diastolic blood pressure in 2014.<br>
 2014FPG: fasting plasma glucose in 2014.<br> 2014HbA1c:  hemoglobin
 A1C in 2014.<br> 2014smoking: smoking habits; 1 = present, 2 =
 absent.<br> 2014EX: exercise habits; 1 = present, 2 =
 absent.<br> 2014PA: physical activity habits; 1 = present, 2 =
 absent.<br> 2014meals: habits of eating meals close to bedtime; 1 =
 present, 2 = absent.<br> 2014DF: drinking frequency; 1 = every day,
 2 = sometimes, 3 = rarely drink (cannot drink).<br> 2014AI: alcohol
 intake amount; 1 = &lt; 1 glass per day, 2 = 1-2 glasses per day, 3 =
 2-3 glasses per day, 4 = ≥ 3 glasses per day.<br> 2014NRS: present
 of non-restorative sleep; 1 = absent, 2 = present.
 Variables in 2015 were coded according to rules as same as those
 of 2014, and thus omitted. 2014BMI3class and
 2015BMI3class: categorized BMI in 2014 and 2015; 1 = Underweight (&lt;
 18.5), 2 = Normal (≥ 18.5 and &lt; 25), 3 = Overweight (≥
 25).<br> 2014_2015BMI: change of BMI from 2014 to 2015; 1 = Normal
 to normal, 2 = Underweight/overweight to normal, 3 =
 Underweight/normal/overweight to underweight, 4 =
 Underweight/normal/overweight to overweight.<br> 2014Hypertension
 and 2015Hypertension: presence/degree of hypertension; 1 = Normal, 2 =
 Elevated, 3 = Stage1, 4 = Stage2.<br> 2014HT_binary and
 2015HT_binary: dichotomized category of hypertension presence; 1 =
 present, 2 = absent.<br> 2014_2015Hypertension: change of
 hypertension from 2014 to 2015; 1 = Absent to absent, 2 = Absent to
 present, 3 = Present to absent, 4 = Present to present.<br>
 2014Diabetes and 2015Diabetes: presence of diabetes; 1 = Present, 2 =
 Absent.<br> 2014_2015Diabetes: change of diabetes from 2014 to 2015;
 1 = Absent to absent, 2 = Absent to present, 3 = Present to absent, 4 =
 Present to present.<br> 2014Smoking and 2015Smoking: presence of
 smoking habits; 1 = present, 2 = absent.<br> 2014_2015Smoking:
 change of smoking habits from 2014 to 2015; 1 = Absent to absent, 2 =
 Absent to present, 3 = Present to absent, 4 = Present to
 present.<br> 2014Exercise and 2015Exercise: presence of exercise
 habits; 1 = present, 2 = absent.<br> 2014_2015Exercise: change of
 exercise habits from 2014 to 2015; 1 = Absent to absent, 2 = Absent to
 present, 3 = Present to absent, 4 = Present to present.<br>
 2014PhysicalActivity and 2015PhysicalActivity: presence of physical
 activity habits; 1 = present, 2 = absent.<br>
 2014_2015PhysicalActivity: change of physical activity habits from 2014 to
 2015; 1 = Absent to absent, 2 = Absent to present, 3 = Present to absent,
 4 = Present to present.<br> 2014Supper and 2015Supper: presence of
 supper time close to bedtime; 1 = present, 2 = absent.<br>
 2014_2015Supper: change of supper time close to bedtime from 2014 to 2015;
 1 = Absent to absent, 2 = Absent to present, 3 = Present to absent, 4 =
 Present to present.<br> 2014DrinkHabit and 2015DrinkHabit: drinking
 frequency; 1 = Every day, 2 = Sometimes, 3 = Rarely/cannot
 drink.<br> 2014Drink_binary and 2015Drink_binary: dichotomized
 category of drinking frequency (habits); 1 = present, 2 =
 absent.<br> 2014_2015DrinkHabit: change of drinking habits from 2014
 to 2015; 1 = Absent to absent, 2 = Absent to present, 3 = Present to
 absent, 4 = Present to present.<br> 2014AlcoIntake and
 2015AlcoIntake: alcohol intake amount per day; 1 = &lt; 20 g, 2 =
 20–39 g, 3 = 40–59 g, 4 = ≥ 60 g.<br> 2014Alco_binary and
 2015Alco_binary: dichotomized category of alcohol intake amount per day; 1
 = binge, 2 = moderate.<br> 2014_2015AlcoIntake: change of alcohol
 intake amount from 2014 to 2015; 1 = Moderate to moderate, 2 = Moderate to
 binge, 3 = Binge to moderate, 4 = Binge to binge.<br>