DOI: 10.5061/dryad.21364
title: Data from: Untangling taxonomy: a DNA barcode reference library for Canadian spiders

description: Approximately 1460 species of spiders have been reported from Canada, 3%
 of the global fauna. This study provides a DNA barcode reference library
 for 1018 of these species based upon the analysis of more than 30 000
 specimens. The sequence results show a clear barcode gap in most cases
 with a mean intraspecific divergence of 0.78% vs. a minimum
 nearest-neighbour (NN) distance averaging 7.85%. The sequences were
 assigned to 1359 Barcode index numbers (BINs) with 1344 of these BINs
 composed of specimens belonging to a single currently recognized species.
 There was a perfect correspondence between BIN membership and a known
 species in 795 cases, while another 197 species were assigned to two or
 more BINs (556 in total). A few other species (26) were involved in BIN
 merges or in a combination of merges and splits. There was only a weak
 relationship between the number of specimens analysed for a species and
 its BIN count. However, three species were clear outliers with their
 specimens being placed in 11–22 BINs. Although all BIN splits need further
 study to clarify the taxonomic status of the entities involved, DNA
 barcodes discriminated 98% of the 1018 species. The present survey
 conservatively revealed 16 species new to science, 52 species new to
 Canada and major range extensions for 426 species. However, if most BIN
 splits detected in this study reflect cryptic taxa, the true species count
 for Canadian spiders could be 30–50% higher than currently recognized.
description: Matrices of Pairwise
 Genetic Distances for 339 Spider SpeciesSpiders were collected
 from locations across Canada by various collectors. Sequencing was
 performed at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and the sequences
 uploaded to BOLD Systems. Sequence data was obtained by Sujeevan
 Ratnasingham from BOLD Systems and compiled as a
 matrix.Matrices_gen.zipMatrices of Pairwise Geographic Distances for 339 Spider SpeciesSpiders were collected from locations across Canada by various collectors. GPS coordinates were obtained at the time of collection, or looked up at a later date on Google Earth based on name of collection location. Coordinate data was obtained by Sujeevan Ratnasingham from BOLD Systems and compiled as a matrix.Matrices_geo.zipAligned COI Sequences for 27,269 Spider SpecimensSpiders were collected from locations across Canada by various collectors. Sequencing was performed at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and the sequences uploaded to BOLD Systems. Sequence data was obtained by James Robertson from BOLD Systems and aligned using mafft with the following parameters: mafft --auto --thread 3 --op 4 --ep 2 --reorder.spiders_aligned.fas.zipBOLD neighbour-joining tree (K2P) for all 27,269 COI sequences &gt;500 bp from spiders collected in CanadaSpiders were collected from locations across Canada by various collectors. Sequencing was performed at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and the sequences uploaded to BOLD Systems. Sequence data was obtained and a Taxon ID Tree was created by Jeremy deWaard on BOLD Systems using a Kimura 2 Parameter Distance Model. Sequences were aligned using the BOLD Aligner.FigS1.pdfNewick file - BOLD neighbour-joining tree (K2P) for all 27,269 COI sequences &gt;500 bp from spiders collected in CanadaSpiders were collected from locations across Canada by various collectors. Sequencing was performed at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding, and the sequences uploaded to BOLD Systems. Sequence data was obtained and a Taxon ID Tree was created by Jeremy deWaard on BOLD Systems using a Kimura 2 Parameter Distance Model. Sequences were aligned using the BOLD Aligner. Data file is a Newick tree file downloaded from BOLD.FigS1.nwk.nwk