DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jsxksn071
title: Data from Cretaceous-Paleogene plant extinction and recovery in Patagonia

description: The Cretaceous-Paleogene (K/Pg) extinction appears to have been
 geographically heterogeneous for some organismal groups. Southern
 Hemisphere K/Pg palynological records have shown lower extinction and
 faster recovery than in the Northern Hemisphere, but no comparable,
 well-constrained Southern Hemisphere macrofloras spanning this interval
 had been available. Here, macrofloral turnover patterns are addressed for
 the first time in the Southern Hemisphere, using over 3,500 dicot leaves
 from the latest Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) and the earliest Paleocene
 (Danian) of Argentine Patagonia. A maximum ca. 90% macrofloral extinction
 and ca. 45% drop in rarefied species richness is estimated across the
 K/Pg, consistent with substantial species-level extinction and previously
 observed extirpation of host-specialized leaf-mines. However, prior
 palynological and taxonomic studies indicate low turnover of higher taxa
 and persistence of general floral composition in the same sections. High
 species extinction, decreased species richness, and homogenous Danian
 macrofloras across time and facies resemble patterns often observed in
 North America, but there are several notable differences. When compared
 with boundary-spanning macrofloras at similar absolute paleolatitudes (ca.
 50⁰S or N) from the Williston Basin (WB) in the Dakotas, both
 Maastrichtian and Danian Patagonian species richness are higher, extending
 a history of elevated South American diversity into the Maastrichtian.
 Despite high species turnover, our analyses also reveal continuity and
 expansion of leaf morphospace, including an increase in lobed and toothed
 species unlike the Danian WB. Thus, both Patagonian and WB K/Pg
 macrofloras support a significant extinction event, but they may also
 reflect geographically heterogeneous diversity, extinction, and recovery
 patterns warranting future study.
description: This dataset contains a full inventory of curated and morphotyped
 leaf specimens studied in Stiles et al. 2020 (Paleobiology), currently
 located at the Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, as well as character
 matrices and results for cuantitative analyses. Danian specimens and
 morphotypes largely correspond to those published by Iglesias et al (2007,
 Geology) and Donovan et al. (2016, Nature Ecol Evo; 2018, Ameghiniana),
 with revised Maastrichtian morphotypes (revised from Donovan et al. 2016;
 2018).   Supplementary Table 1.
 Taxonomically studied macrofloral elements of the Maastrichtian Lefipán
 and Danian Salamanca and Peñas Coloradas formations. 
 Supplementary Table 2. Shared palyno-species among the
 Maastrichtian (M) -Danian (D) strata of the Lefipán (Lef) Formation San
 Ramón section and the Danian Salamanca (Sal) Palacio de los Loros and
 Bosque Ormachea localities. Compiled from Barreda et al. (2012), Clyde et
 al. (2014), and Barreda (pers. comm.). 1=present, 0=absent.
 Supplementary Table 3. Inventory of observed specimens for
 Maastrichtian Lefipán and Danian Salamanca and Peñas Coloradas formations
 and corresponding localities, curated at the MEF. Specimens denoted using
 repository number (MPEF-Pb) or unique field number as marked on
 specimen.  Supplementary Table 4. Maastrichtian
 (left) and Danian (right) dicot leaf morphotypes, exemplar specimens as
 curated in the MEF, specimen counts per locality and taxonomic affinity if
 available based on Iglesias et al. (2007; for Danian morphotypes). New
 Danian morphotypes added by Donovan (2016) marked with an *.   
 Supplementary Table 5. Character states and corresponding
 numerical code used to build morphological character matrix. Based on
 Manual of Leaf Architechture (Ellis et al., 2009). "NA" = not
 applicable. Supplementary Table 6. Morphological
 character matrix coded for each Maastrichtian and Danian morphotype (see
 Supplementary Table 3) based on characters listed in Supplementary Table 5
 (C=character number). "NA" = not applicable.
 Supplementary Table 7. Proportion of missing character data
 (coded as NA in character matrix: Table S6) for each character as
 percentage of all morphorypes, and per morphotype as percentage of
 characters not preserved in the specimens analyzed. Reported following
 recommendations by Gerber (2019). Supplementary Table
 8. Disparity measures calculated for representative assemblages of the
 Lefipán (LEF localities), Salamanca (PL1 and PL2) and Peñas Coloradas (LF)
 formations, and overall Maastrichtian and Danian floral
 assemblages.