cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/b8db8239-3bde-454a-aa75-d1cec24c8763
title: Sedimentological data from the Limpopo River Basin dams, southern Africa, 2018-2021

description: The data set contains grain size distributions, organic matter (OM) content and trace metal distribution (including Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr and Pb) of 37 shallow cores of sediments sampled from dams across the Limpopo River Basin.

The dams include: Gaborone, Lotsane and Shashe dams in Botswana; Houtrivier, Nwanedi and Mutshedzi dams in South Africa; Ripple Creek and Zhovhe dams in Zimbabwe; and Massingir Dam in Mozambique. Data from two cores sampled from an oxbow lake in Mozambique are also included. 

The cores were collected with a gravity corer using PVC pipes of 5 cm diameter by a team from Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) led by Dr. Franchi between July 2018 and April 2021.
description: Grain size analysis was carried on wet samples dispersed in water and analysed with a Malvern Mastersizer 3000 laser diffraction particle size analyser at Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST), Palapye (Botswana).b A few grams of the samples were dispersed into a glass container with half a spoon of sodium hexametaphosphate to prevent clays from flocculation. The data are reported as 10th percentile (Dx10), median (Dx50) and 90th percentile (Dx90).
The organic matter content was determined using Loss on Ignition (LOI) method whereby the samples were dried at 60 C for 24 hours to remove water content. The dried samples were placed in the funnel furnace at 550 C for 2 hours and then weighed again to determine LOI. Data are reported as percentage of mass loss during the ignition phase as compared with the initial mass of dried sample.
The sediments have been analysed for trace metal distribution using ICP-OES and ICP-MS on samples of sediments partially digested with aqua regia. All data are raw and unprocessed.
DOI: 10.5285/14c540a8-1894-43c5-ba3b-1045df73e28f
title: Smart sensor data from tracking cobble movement in rolling and sliding experiments

description: These data show the results of experiments consisting of releasing a cobble down a tilting table composed of two panels.  The first board was 150 cm wide and 150 cm long and can change the inclination, whereas the other one was 150 cm wide, and 200 cm long and always stayed horizontal.

Experiments were carried out for different slope angles and camera- and sensor-based data collected to show cobble motion over time.

The cobble motion is described by the smart sensor data (accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer) and the position computed from camera recordings by a detection algorithm
description: Experiments were carried out for different slopes, namely 18˚, 25˚, 30˚, 35˚, 40˚, 45˚, 50˚, and 55˚ . The experiments were recorded by a GoPro camera filming the experiments frontally with a 4K resolution and a frame rate of 30 fps. A sensor equipped with an accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer was installed within the cobble. The accelerometer and gyroscope had an acquisition frequency set at 59.5 Hz, whereas the magnetometer recorded at 4 Hz. The cobble motion is described by the smart sensor data and the position computed from camera recordings by a detection algorithm. 
Rolling experiments were repeated three times and sliding experiments repeated four times. For each test, given the different acquisition frequencies, data were upsampled so that sensor-based data and camera-based data have the same number of entries when referring to the same test, providing a time series describing cobble motion over time. After the upsampling, the timestep between any successive entries is 0.017 s. Additionally, filtered sensor- data and camera-based data are also provided to get more reliable data on cobble motion.
DOI: 10.5285/8db593bf-cdc9-4256-ac28-e002814d636d
title: Elemental and isotopic data for timed exchange experiments between clay, mineral water and seawater

description: This dataset presents both isotopic and elemental data for a series of cation exchange experiments between mineral water, montmorillonite clay and seawater. These were a series of in-house experiments to determine isotopic fractionation and elemental distribution coefficients (if any) as the exchange pool switched from mineral water rich to seawater rich.  
description: In-house experiments were conducted in 50mL centrifuge tubes. All reagents, reactants and products were analysed for elemental and isotopic compositions as described in the ‘Read_me’ of the csv file. Data were generated using an Agilent ICP-OES 1500 or a Thermo MC-ICP-MS Neptune. All data were calibrated and measured against in house and certified standard reference material.
DOI: 10.5285/de1d9de7-c0b9-4e53-b848-334bcf120d2c
title: Monitoring data from small mammal trapping in forest habitats in Kenya, 2021-2022

description: This dataset contains information on the trap-setting operations and the number and species of animals captured during systematic sampling surveys in natural habitats of Kenya between 2021 and 2022. The trapping data include dates of setting, checking and removal at multiple locations. Trapping at each location typically involved 3-5 nights per trap line, but this could vary. The trap lines typically comprised 12 pairs of traps each set 10 metres apart along a transect line, with geographical coordinates for the centre of a pair of traps along the trap line. Animals were primarily captured for tissue collection for genetic analysis (not included in this dataset) to investigate the effectiveness of habitat corridors for promoting movement.
description: Animals were captured during standardized trapping surveys with Sherman traps, and Tomahawk traps in systematic arrays. Trapping targeted small-medium sized rodents, carnivores and opossums. Captured animals were identified to species, marked individually, biometrics were recorded (ear size, hind foot and tail length), and tissue samples were collected, generally from the ear. The animals were then released alive. Trap and capture data are linked via a primary key field.
At each trap check, data from captured animals were recorded in the field on data sheets, and then later computerized by entering into spreadsheets. Data were checked against original field records for quality assurance and validation.
DOI: 10.5285/00185590-537e-40e4-969c-039f44b4dad9
title: Derived annual statistics of rainfall, streamflow and acidity for the Nant Esgair Garn catchment, Llyn Brianne, Mid Wales, UK. (1982 to 2012)

description: This dataset comprises of derived annual statistics for measures of rainfall, streamflow, temperature and stream acidity (pH) for a stream, draining a small, approximately 0.6 square kilometres, upland grassland catchment. The stream, Nant Esgair Garn, drains into the Llyn Brianne reservoir, Powys, United Kingdom. The data are for a 31 year period covering 1st April 1982 to 1st April 2012. The streamflow and acidity data are derived from 15 minute resolution observations throughout the calendar year 2013 from associated stream gauging and water quality stations on the Nant Esgair Garn. The monthly rainfall measures presented, were derived from local rain gauges. The monthly temperature measures presented were derived from observations at a weather station near Talgarth, Powys. Routines within the Lancaster University Computer-Aided Program for Time-series Analysis and Identification of Noisy Systems (CAPTAIN) Toolbox for Matlab were used to develop a dynamic model of these data. These models were then used to simulate the 31-year record for which monthly statistics were derived. The statistics were derived to develop greater understanding of the controls on the long-term dynamics of aquatic biodiversity observed by other researchers in this stream.

The work was part of the Diversity in Upland River Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project, NERC grant NE/J014826/1. Members of staff from the Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University installed, maintained and downloaded the stream gauging and water quality stations and also carried out statistical analysis of the data.
description: The streamflow and acidity data are derived from 15 minute resolution observations recorded onto Campbell Scientific CR1000 data loggers throughout the calendar year 2013 from associated stream gauging and water quality stations on the Nant Esgair Garn. Data from each data logger were downloaded at regular intervals onto a laptop. Raw data were then transferred to a secure data store created for the DURESS project, hosted at Lancaster University. Records for local rain gauges were requested from the data owners. Temperature data were requested from the Met Office from observations at a weather station near Talgarth, Powys. The requested data for both rainfall and temperature were held in the DURESS secure data store. Final data were derived from these raw data using analysis in the Matlab programming environment. Values were exported in Excel spreadsheets and then into comma separated values for ingestion into the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/f9ab3051-4f85-415f-b691-371ff8e951f2
title: Decadal maps of multiple alternative future land use based on UK Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (UK-SSPs) and climate projections (UK-RCPs)

description: The data describes future land use projections at 1 km^2 resolution developed by CRAFTY-GB.  For each of six Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP-RCP) scenarios, gridded land use maps for Great Britain are provided, each as a stacked raster file with seven bands representing land use at each decadal timestep, from 2020 to 2080. 

CRAFTY-GB is a new agent-based model of the British land system operating at a 1 km^2 resolution and based on a broad range of available land system data .  The model is based on linked UK-RCP climate scenarios and UK-SSPs socio-economic pathway (SSP) scenarios, based on global SSPs developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).  It extrapolates the impact of these on the British Land system at decadal timesteps from 2020-2080.
description: The data was developed as part of research done within the SPEED project under UKSCAPE. It is built upon other work done within the group on UK-specific Climate Change and Socio-ecological scenarios. These scenarios were then used to generate different parameters and inputs to an Agent-based model which explored how these would impact the development of Great Britain’s Land-use system. 

The application of the model to Great Britain was evaluated through sensitivity analyses as the model was developed, consultations with experts and stakeholders, and finally comparison to existing relevant literature on UK land use projections. The baseline allocation of agent types was compared against three (semi-)independent datasets to check its coverage and interpretation with respect to agricultural and ecological characteristics (see SI for details).
DOI: 10.5285/2dcc08e9-d8e6-4675-b78d-a318efc799d8
title: Temperature and humidity data supporting use of an in situ passive heating method, and associated whole tree responses, Cerrado, Brazil, 2020

description: The data include temperature and relative humidity (RH) values recorded every minute inside and outside whole-tree, passive heating, open top chambers. Respiration and photosynthesis rates were recorded (at incremental controlled leaf temperatures) on leaves on study individuals of Erythroxylum suberosum growing inside and outside the chambers.

Temperature, RH, and solar irradiance were measured every fifteen minutes by local weather station are also included for the whole testing period, June to September 2020, in an area of typical Cerrado, Bacaba Park, Nova Xavantina, Brazil.

The data were collected to enable development of methodology and testing of, a novel in situ passive heating method for evaluating whole-tree responses to daytime warming in remote environments using an open top chamber.
description: Internal and ambient (treatment and control respectively) air temperatures and RHs were measured by Adafruit DHT22 sensors housed inside commercial solar radiation shields (Windspeed Ltd.) and recorded to SD card by Arduino, with automatic calibration using values calculated during previous sensor testing. Sensors were placed one inside and one outside any structure being tested, and rotated between them during the testing period. Reference temperatures and RHs were measured by a local WatchDog weather station, with no extra calibration carried out. All times were converted to local time (BRT = UTC -3). 
Photosynthesis and dark respiration rates were measured at incremental leaf temperatures between 20 and 50°C using two LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis systems (LI-COR Biosciences Inc.), one with a fluorometer (6400-40) chamber head and one with an LED (6400-02B) chamber head (for photosynthesis and respiration measurements respectively). Photosynthesis and respiration were measured simultaneously between 08:00 and 11:30, on two different (healthy, fully expanded, and equally mature) leaves on the same individual. Respiration leaves were covered at dawn and kept in darkness for at least 40min before testing; photosynthesis leaves were exposed to direct sunlight for at least 40min prior to testing.
DOI: 10.5285/38a73c7b-3e3c-4517-a33f-bd28b292b9e1
title: Survey of British calcareous grasslands, 1990 and 2007

description: Vegetation species and soil data from a large national survey of calcareous grasslands, carried out in Great Britain in 1990-1993 (referred to as 1990) and 2006-2009 (referred to as 2007). Up to 128 12x12m plots were surveyed from across the country, selected on the basis of being representative of the calcareous grassland type. Details about plant species and soils were collected using standardized survey methods. The 1990 survey was completed under a contract from the Department of the Environment, by Lancaster University. The repeat survey in 2007 was completed under a NERC Grant by staff from Lancaster University, York University, Radboud University, Countryside Commission for Wales, National Museum Wales and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
description: Up to 128 12x12m plots were surveyed from across the country, selected on the basis of being representative of the calcareous grassland type. Details about plant species and soils were collected using standardized survey methods as described in the supporting documentation. The initial 1990 survey was carried out under contract from the Department of the Environment at Lancaster University. The 2007 resurvey was carried out under a NERC Grant by a consortium.
DOI: 10.5285/c099d04e-72e0-4ee9-ac72-11dc004ec1f6
title: Motion-activated camera trap images of Eurasian Lynx in the Ukrainian Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, 2012-2018

description: Data comprise a catalogue of motion activated digital trap camera images of Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx (L., 1758)) obtained from motion-activated digital trap cameras located within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, Ukraine (CEZ) over multiple years (2012-2018). Images of Eurasian lynx obtained from the cameras are included as part of the dataset.

The data were obtained from three research projects: 
 (1) NatEnvPr - Studies conducted 2012–2018
 (2) TREE - Studies conducted 2014–2016 and
 (3) RED FIRE - Studies conducted 2016–2017

The cameras for all projects were setup with the aim to capture images of medium-large mammals; the studies were not designed to obtain quantitative assessments of abundance and density of Eurasian lynx across the CEZ. No bait was used during any of the studies.
description: Most of the digital trap cameras used were Ltl Acorn 6210 MC; other models used were: Browning BTC5, Browning BTC-7FHD-PX, Bushnell 119437, Bushwhacker Big Eye D3, CCBetter, Covert Red40, Covert Red 40Ex, Ltl Acorn 5210A, Ltl Acorn 6210MG, ScoutGuard 880MK, ScoutGuard 882MK and Weltar 8210A. The available settings and capabilities of each camera were different.

Images (and videos) of Lynx  and camera metadata were downloaded from each camera memory card by the Chornobyl Center for Nuclear Safety. Using this information the Lynx Image catalogue was populated by the Chornobyl Center for Nuclear Safety and supplied to UKCEH as an MSExcel file; a separate MSExcel file containing camera details and site descriptions etc. was also provided. The same person from the Chornobyl Center recorded all descriptive parameters. All images and videos were provided to UKCEH as .jpg; .mov; .avi and .mp4  files respectively.

For quality control purposes a member of UKCEH staff ensured images of the Eurasian lynx observed were provided (or where this was not possible this was noted in the image catalogue). Any queries regarding the image catalogue and site descriptions were also investigated.
DOI: 10.5285/0239cdaf-deab-4151-8f68-715063eaea45
title: Antibiotic resistance and resistant genes in Escherichia coli from human, poultry and environmental samples in urban and rural Bangladesh (2017-18)

description: The dataset includes information on antibiotic-resistance and resistance genes in bacteria (Escherichia coli) from humans, poultry and the environment in rural households, poultry farms and urban food markets. The rural households and poultry farms (broiler chickens) were located in Mirzapur, Tangail district; and urban food markets were located in Dhaka city, Bangladesh. 

Environmental samples were collected from surface water, water supply, wastewater, soil, animal faeces (poultry and cattle) and solid waste between February 2017 and October 2018 . DNA samples from antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in all samples were analysed for quantitative assessment of two resistance genes. Trained staff from the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b) undertook sample collection and laboratory analysis.

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and associated genes among humans, poultry and environmental compartments in Bangladesh. 

The survey was part of a wider research project, Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Antimicrobial Resistance Transmission from the Outdoor Environment to Humans in Urban and Rural Bangladesh. The research was funded by NERC/BBSRC/MRC on behalf of the Antimicrobial Resistance Cross-Council Initiative award NE/N019555/1.
description: Samples were collected in the field and transported to the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh to undergo laboratory analysis and storage. Field measurements and laboratory results were recorded on paper-based forms or generated from automated readings, entered into Excel then converted to .csv files for ingestion into the Environmental Information Data Centre.
DOI: 10.5285/65c7085a-7bcf-481a-884a-8e1c9cfc395b
title: Drosophila activity, survival and pathogen shedding after oral infection with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa

description: The resource contains experimental data collected at the Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Edinburgh between Jan-Oct 2023. Sixty (60) lines from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) were exposed to an orally acquired infection of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Six to ten replicate flies for each line (60) and sex (2) were exposed. Total number of activity events were measured for each fly individually using Drosophila Activity Monitor (DAM), measured at 1 min resolution until death. Mortality was recorded as the last detected movement in DAM. Pathogen shedding was measured for each individual fly as the number of viable P. aeruginosa colony-forming units defecated by an infected fly for 24h following oral infection.
description: Sixty (60) lines from the DGRP were exposed to an orally acquired infection of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Six to ten replicate flies for each line (60) and sex (2) were exposed individually to infection overnight. Each treatment was replicated 5-10 times (707 samples in total). The experiment was split among 5 experimental blocks with a variable number of replicates tested in each, as described in the data file. 

Following infection (see above) pathogen shedding was measured by placing each individual fly inside a sterile Eppendorf and then quantifying the number of viable P. aeruginosa colony-forming units defecated each infected fly for 24h following oral infection. CFU (colony forming unit) plating was carried out on Pseudomonas sp. selective media (PIM) to select for P. aeruginosa CFUs only. 

Each fly was then transferred to Drosophila Activity Monitor (DAM) and the total number of activity events were measured for each fly individually measured at 1 min resolution until death (2500-~20,000 minutes). Data generated in the DAM included the total number of activity bouts recoded for each minute for the duration of the experiment (2500-~20,000 minutes). The values reported in the resource are the total number of activity bouts recoded per fly until death or until the end of the experiment. Mortality was recorded as the last detected movement in DAM.
DOI: 10.5285/a15c35d7-0247-4ea3-820b-f6f20cc5ffed
title: Time series of microbial carbon release from soil as carbon dioxide under different nitrogen and phosphorus treatments with a high glucose concentration added as a carbon source in the Conwy catchment, North Wales, UK (2016)

description: Time series data of carbon release in disintegrations per minute are presented for different nitrogen and phosphorus treatments with a high glucose concentration substrate added as a carbon source to soil samples from six depths (0-15, 15-30, 50-100, 100-150, 150-200 and 250-300 centimetres). Soil cores were collected from a field experiment in the Conwy catchment in July 2016 and returned the laboratories of the School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University. A high molecular weight substrate was added as a carbon source to the samples and the rate of 14C-substrate mineralization measured.
All the work was carried out by trained members of staff from Bangor University and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
The measurements were taken to improve understanding of the relationship between microbial activity and soil properties and depth of sampling, under differing nutrient availability.
The data were collected for the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (NE/J011991/1). The project is also referred to as Turf2Surf.

description: Soil cores were collected from the field site and returned to laboratories of the School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University.
In the laboratory soil cores were divided into depth intervals of 0-15, 15-30, 50-100, 100-150, 150-200 and 250-300 centimetres and passed through a 5 millimetre sieve in order to remove stones and any plant material and to ensure sample homogeneity.

To measure the rate of 14C-substrate mineralization, 5 grams of soil (dry weight equivalent to account for soil water content variability down the soil profile) was placed into sterile 50 ml polypropylene tubes. To determine the rate of 14CO2 evolution, 50 microlitres (µl) of 14C-glucose labelled nutrient solution was added to the soil surface. Immediately after nutrient addition, a vial containing 1 millilitre (ml) Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) trap (1 Molar (M)) was added into the polypropylene tubes to capture 14CO2 evolved. The tubes were hermetically sealed and incubated at 10 degrees Celsius to represent the mean annual temperature of the catchment. The NaOH traps were changed after 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 336, 504, 672, 840 and 1008 hours and then weekly up to six weeks after initial 14C-labelling for the glucose-C additions. On removal, the NaOH traps were mixed with Optiphase HiSafe 3® liquid scintillation fluid (PerkinElmer Inc.) and the amount of 14CO2 captured was determined using a Wallac 1404 liquid scintillation counter (Wallac EG & G).
Data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and exported as a .csv file for ingestion into the EIDC