DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14188525
title: TABLE 3 in Phylum Nematoda: feeding habits for all valid genera using a new, universal scheme encompassing the entire phylum, with descriptions of morphological characteristics of the stoma, a key, and discussion of the evidence for trophic relationships

description: TABLE 3. Trophic groups for an alphabetic list of every valid genus of nematodes recognized by Hodda (2021a) to the end of 2019. Columns of Primary categories separated by thick lines, Secondary categories by double lines and minor categories by single lines. Feeding habit abbreviations listed from left to right as per footnote.
GenusMic — suck — suspMic — suck — partMic — proc — suspMic — proc — partMic— piercMic — crushMic — scrapPred— ingestPred— piercPara — plant — int — mod — aerPara —plant — int —mod — b. g.Para — plant — int — mig— aerPara —plant — int —mig —b. g.Para — plant — ext root — sub-sPara — plant — ext root— surfPara — plant — ext browsPara — plant — wood or barkPara— invert — arthPara — invert — othPara— vert — fishPara — vert — amphibPara — vert — reptPara— vert — birdPara — vert — mammPara — host 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ractincaXStrelkovimermisXXStreptocaraXStreptopharagusXXStrianemaXStriatodoraXStriatofilariaXStrongylacanthaXStrongyloidesXStrongylurisXXStrongylusXStruthiofilariaXStygodesmodoraXSubanguinaXSubaspiculurisXSubsphaerolaimusXXSubulascarisXSubuluraXXSucamphidaXSudhausiaXXXSuifilariaXSuifunemaXSulcascarisXXSulphuretylenchusXXSuncinemaXSutarostrongylusXSuttonemaXSwangeriaXXSyafruddinemaXSychnotylenchusXXSyconemaXSymplocostomaXSymplocostomellaXSyncheilaxonchiumXXSyncuariaXXSyngamusXSyngnathinemaXSynhimantusXSynodontisiaXSynodontiumXSynoecnemaXSynonchiellaXSynonchiumXSynonchoidesXSynonchusXSynonemaXXSyphabuleaXSyphaciaXSyphaciellaXSyphaciurisXSypharistaXSyphatineriaXSyringolaimusXSyringoplatycomaSyrphonemaXTachygonetriaXTachynemaXTadaridanemaXTakakiaXTakamangaiXXTakamangiXXTalanemaXXTanquaXTantunemaXXTanzaniusXTapiaXTapironemaXTarantobelusXXTarsubuluraXTarvaiaXTasmanemaXTawilaXTejeraiaXXTeladorsagiaXTeleomermisXXTelomerliniusXTelotylenchoidesXTelotylenchusXTendinemaXTenoranemaXTenuidraconemaXTenunemaXTenunemellusXXTenuostrongylusXTeporingonemaXTeratocephalusXTeratodiplogasterXXXTeratolobusXTeratorhabditisXTermirhabditisXXTernidensXTerranovaXTerromermisXXTerschellingiaXTerschellingioidesXTetanonemaXTethystrongylusXTetleyusXTetrabothriostrongylusXTetracheilonemaXTetradomermisXXTetradonemaXTetragomphiusXTetrameresXTetramermisXXTetrarhabditisXTetylenchusXXTexicospiruraXThadaXThainemaXThaistrongylusXThalassironusXXThalassoalaimusXThalassogenusXThalassomermisXXThalassomonhysteraXThalassonemaXThallostonemaXThamugadiaXThapariaXThaumamermisXXTheilerianaXThelandrosXThelastomaXThelaziaXThelonemaXTheristusXXXThoonchusXThoracostomaXThoracostomopsisXThornediaXThorneellaXXThornenemaXXThorneumXXThorniaXXThorniosaXXThraustomermisXXThripinemaXThubunaeaXThylaconemaXThylonemaXThylostrongylusXTiacuatzoxyurisXTigronchoidesXTikusnemaXTimmiaXTimminemaXTimmungellaXTimmusXXTipulacomisXXTitilleusXTobriliaXXTobriloidesXTobrilonchulusXTobrilusXXTokobaevimermisXXTonaudiaXTonoscolecinemaXTorquatoidesXTorrestrongylusXTorsiomermisXXTorumanawaXXTorynurusXTouzetaXToxascarisXToxocaraXTrachactinolaimusXTrachyglossoidesXTrachyglossusXTrachypharynxXTrachypleurosumXTraklosiaXTravassallodapaXTravassosascarisXTravassosinemaXTravassosiusXTravassosnemaXTravassostrongylusXTravnemaXTrefusiaXTrefusialaimusXTremonemaXXTriaulolaimusXTricaenonchusXXTricephalobusXXXTriceratonemaXTricheiliaXXTricheilonemaXXTrichenoplusXTrichinellaXTrichocheniaXTrichodorusXTrichofreitasiaXTrichohelixXTricholeiperiaXTricholinstowiaXTrichonemaXTrichoskrjabiniaXTrichosomoidesXTrichospiruraXTrichostrongyellaXTrichostrongylusXTrichotheristusXTrichotravassosiaXTrichotylenchusXTrichromadoraXTrichromadoritaXTrichurisXTrichuroidesXTricirronemaXTricomaXTridentelliaXTridentocapillariaXTridentoinfundibulumXTridentulusXTriepsilonemaXTrifurcataXTrigonostonemaXTrileptiumXTriligullaXTrilobostrongylusXTriodontolaimusXTriodontophorusXTripiusXXTripylaXXTripylellaXXTripylinaXTripyliumXTripyloidesXTrischistomaXXTrissonchulusXXTrithornusXTriumphalisnemaXTrochamusXTroglostrongylusXXTrogolaimusXTrophomeraXXTrophomermisXXTrophotylenchulusXTrophurusXTrualaimusXTruttaedacnitisXTruxonchusXTrypanoxyurisXTsuganemaXTsukubanemaXXTubixabaXXTubolaimellaXTubolaimoidesXTuerkianaXTumiotaXTunicamermisXXTupaiostrongylusXTurbatrixXTurgidaXTutunemaXTylaphelenchusXXTylenchocriconemaXTylenchodoroidesXXTylenchodorusXTylencholaimellusXXTylencholaimusXXTylenchorhynchusXTylenchulusXTylenchusXXTyleptusXXTylocephalusXTylodorusXTylolaimophorusXXTylopharynxXTyphlonemaXTyphlophorosXTyphlopsiaXTziminemaXUdonchusXXUliginotylenchusXUltratenellaXXUmingmakstrongylusXXUncinariaXUndescribedXUngellaXUngulilaimellaXXUngulilaimusXXUniovariaXUrbanonemaXUrodelemaXUrucuiaXUsarpnemaXUtahnemaXUtriculimermisXXValvaelaimoidesXValvaelaimusXXVampyronemaXVanderlindiaXVarestrongylusXXVarotylusXVasculonemaXVasorhabdochonaXVasostomaXVaucherusXVeleshkinemaXVenteliaXVersternemaXVerutusXVetusXXVeversiaXVexillataXViannaiaXViannellaXVigisospiruraXViguerastrongylusXViguieraXViktorocaraXVirenodiplogasterXXXViscosiaXViverranisakisXViverrostrongylusXVogeloidesXVoguracuariaXVulcanonemaXWachekitylenchusXXWaerebekeiaXWallabinemaXWanaristrongylusXWasimellusXXWebsternemaXWeisoncholaimusXWelchimermisXXWellcomiaXWestindicusXWetanemaXWieseriaXWillinemaXWillmottiaXWilsonemaXWoodwardostrongylusXWoolleyaXWuchereriaXXWuiaXXenellaXXenocordonXXenocriconemellaXXenocyatholaimusXXenolaimusXXenonemaXXericolaXXeroxyurisXXiphidorusXXiphinemaXXiphinemellaXXXustrostomaXXyalaXXylorhabditisXXyoXXystrognathusXXyzzorsXYagansiellaXYatesiaXYatinemaXYeatesiniaXYubeldusXYunqueusXZaglonemaXZalonemaXZalophideraXXZalophoraXZanenchusXZealandoderaXZebrincolaXZeldiaXZenkoxyurisXZetalaimusXXZoniolaimusXZonothrixXZygocaulusXZygonemellaXZygotylenchusXZygradusXZyxispiniferXTotal number of genera22418128188311582101781158356106646149434178518477141163701108Total number of species22241554346142932364621946203616379833328542020367121464726276844022761035166216974866651Total species per major 11197 trophic type36736074320811534651
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
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Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
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Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
...Continued on the next page
Primary categories: Mic =Microbial Feeder; Pred =Predator; Para =Parasite.
Secondary categories: (Microbial Feeders) suck =suckers; proc =processors; pierc =piercers; crush =crushers; scrap =scrapers; (Predators) inges =ingesters; pierc =piercers; (Parasites) plant =plant feeders; invert =invertebrate associates; vert =vertebrate associates; host unknown =host unknown.
Minor categories: (Microbial Feeders) susp =suspension feeders; part =particulate feeders; (Parasites) int =internal feeders; ext root =external root feeders; ext brows =external browser; wood or bark =wood or bark associate; mod =modifier; mig =migrator; aer =aerial; b.g. =below ground; sub-s =sub surface feeder; surf =surface feeder; arth =arthropod associate; oth =other invertebrate associate; fish =fish associate; amphib =amphibian associate; rep =reptile associate; bird = bird associate; mamm =mammal associate
description: Published as part of Hodda, Mike, 2022, Phylum Nematoda: feeding habits for all valid genera using a new, universal scheme encompassing the entire phylum, with descriptions of morphological characteristics of the stoma, a key, and discussion of the evidence for trophic relationships, pp. 350-451 in Zootaxa 5114 (1) on page 350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5114.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6391138