cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/25069
title: Land use maps of Upper reaches of Changhua Watershed, Hainan

description: To protect biodiversity and improve environmental conditions, China has invested billions of dollars in reforestation and payments for ecosystem service programs. Here, we examine the Sloping Land Conversion Program, the largest such programin the world and found that after 13 years of implementation at our study site, it has had negative impacts on natural tropical forests. GIS and remote sensing techniques revealed that both natural forests and natural shrub and grasslands were replaced by non-native monocultural plantations on Hainan Island, China, a key tropical biodiversity hotspot. Under current Chinese policy, these plantations are classified simply as forests, with the assumption that they are equivalent to natural forests. This lack of a distinction in forest quality has led to substantial deforestation and plantation expansion, including encroachment into protected areas on Hainan. Additional social and economic drivers of these changes were identified by examining the participants in this program and their actions. Without a new ecologically based definition of forests and new goals for reforestation, such programs designed to improve ecosystem services, and fores
t quality may actually threaten remaining natural forests and other vegetation types in Hainan and in other areas of mainland China.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/2cf14e
title: Colombia and Peru Oil Palm Site

description: This study contains data that was collected for the Oil Palm sites in Colombia and Peru.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/h45wfn
title: Useful tree species for Eastern Africa: a species selection tool based on the VECEA map version 2.0.

description: Data sets describing the dominant, characteristic, present and marginal tree species for potential natural vegetation types mapped by the VECEA project (http://www.vegetationmap4africa.org) in 8 countries in eastern and southern Africa (Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia). Information is provided on documented products and services that each species provides, and hyperlinks are provided to a number of web-based databases. The data sets are made available as interactive Excel ‘species selectors’ allowing to select subsets of useful tree species for each vegetation type via http://www.vegetationmap4africa.org/3_Species/Species_selection_tool.html
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/nzb89c
title: Growth of Ricinodendron heudelotii trees from cutting at Mbalmayo field site, Cameroon 2017.

description: Growth evaluation
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/xgmqdg
title: Minimum Acceptable Diet Survey

description: Test-Retest of data collection mode on dietary diversity data (via the Minimum Acceptable Diet for Infants and Young Children indicator) and poverty data (via the Progress Out of Poverty Index) for children aged 6-23.99 months in Kenya. Modes tested were face-to-face interviewing and computer assisted telephone interviewing (CATI). Data were collected in November and December 2016.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/xwbwjg
title: Tree planting by smallholder farmers in Malawi: Using the theory of planned behaviour to examine the relationship between attitudes and behaviour

description: This study examined farmers' attitudes towards tree planting on farms in Malawi, using the theory of planned behaviour as a conceptual framework. Questionnaires containing a scale that measures attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control in relation to tree planting were administered to 200 farmers in Chiradzulu and Mzimba districts in Malawi. Farmers who reported planting trees in the last five years had more positive attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control compared to farmers who have not planted trees. A hierarchical logistic regression analysis showed that membership of a farmer group and attitudes had a significant positive influence on reported behaviour. Nevertheless, many farmers considered household needs such as buying food and agricultural inputs, as well as children's education, as more urgent than investing their scarce resources in tree planting, suggesting that poverty is a barrier to tree planting.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/yviyfk
title: Growth of accessions of Irvingia wombulu, Mbalmayo field site, Cameroon 2017.

description: Growth evaluation
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/23617
title: Replication data for: Cameroon’s Environmental Impact Assessment Decree and Public Participation in Concession-Based Forestry: An Exploratory Assessment of Eight Forest-Dependent Communities

description: This paper examines the degree to which public participation in concession-based forestry decision-making - as  outlined by the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Decree (No. 2005/0577/PM)-is taking place in eight  forest-dependent communities of Cameroon. Of the total respondents that took part in the survey, only 39 per cent stated that they were involved in decisions concerning concession-based forestry. Furthermore, there seems to be a generally negative perception on the part of local communities towards the government’s implementation of public participation legislation in concession-based forestry decision-making. Obstacles to public decision-making process are identified and recommendations are proffered for more effective public participation.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/24980
title: Replication data for: Rethinking Rights and Interests of Local Communities in REDD+ Designs: Lessons Learnt from Current Forest Tenure Systems in Cameroon

description: It is increasingly becoming clear that reforms based on the claims of local forest communities regarding the right to natural resources will be needed to adequately address issues of sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa. The current institutional and policy frameworks of Cameroon and other SSA countries have bestowed exclusive land tenure rights to the State, while curtailing access of local farmers to forest and forest-based resources on which they depend for a living. It is therefore unlikely that successful forest conservation and implementation of REDD+ can be possible without recognition and enforcement of customary tenure.This paper aimed to sense smallholders’ perceptions on rights and risks in the current forestry policy arena linked with the climate change debate in Cameroon. Using semistructured questionnaires and focus group discussions about 7 key informants and 66 community forest users were investigated about the current tenure systems and the risks of related conflicts. Findings from the field provide empirical evidence on the sources of conflict. Based on failures and positive elements of community forestry, the lessons learnt could enrich the on-going REDD safeguard debates and serve as guiding milestones towards the effectiveness of this initiative across the cou
ntry and the continent
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/28457
title: Improving Measurements of Agricultural Productivity through Methodological validation and Research (LSMS-ISA)

description: N/A
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/5q4lat
title: Replication Data for: System wide impacts of fuel usage patterns in the Ethiopian highlands: Potentials for breaking the negative reinforcing feedback cycles

description: Due to scarcity of firewood, farmers in rural Ethiopia are forced to use cattle dung as a complementary energy source. By looking at patterns of firewood and cattle dung use for energy generation and their implications for food crop production, forest regeneration and community level emission reduction potentials, this study explores system interactions using a community living next to the Menagesha Suba state forest in Ethiopia as a case study. Mixed methods were used including household surveys, nutrient content analyses of firewood and cattle dung, and calculations of fuel and emission reductions for four cooking energy efficiency scenarios. It was found that the community and surrounding environment is stuck in a negative feedback cycle. Therefore shifts in current practices and systems are needed to break this cycle, for example by enhancing firewood supply, improving soil fertility, improving energy efficiency and enabling access to carbon financing for emissions reduced.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/dpwjhs
title: Agroforestry for Food Security Programme (AFSP)

description: ICRAF launched the Malawi Agroforestry Food Security Programme (AFSP) in 2007 with the goal of providing agroforestry options to smallholder farmers in Malawi that will enable them to increase food security through improvements in soil fertility, increase nutrition security and income diversification. The program has been implemented over 4 year period, from 2007 to 2011, jointly with government departments (Extension Services, Agricultural Research Services, Land Resource Conservation) and a local research and training institution (Bunda College of Agriculture). 
This dataset comes from a survey implemented to provide empirical evidence on the effects of fertilizer tree adoption on household welfare such as food security. The survey was carried in six districts: Karonga and Mzimba in the north, Salima and Kasungu in the central, and Thyolo and Mulanje in the south
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/e2fz45
title: Replication data for: Prototype hedgegrow intercropping systems

description: Farmers' maize (Zea mays) yields in semiarid Kenya are low because of low and erratic rainfall and soil nutrient depletio
n. An experiment was conducted in Machakos, Kenya, during November 1989–July 1995 to explore the potential of hedgerow intercropping (HI) with Leucaena leucocephala as an alternative strategy to the use of inorganic fertilizers for improving maize yields in semiarid bimodal highlands. The study, conducted in a randomized block design with three replications, evaluated on an operational scale with four treatments: sole maize with or without fertilizer; and HI with prunings of L. leucocephala hedges used as green manure or with prunings and maize stover fed to oxen and manure returned to soil. About 1.4 t ha−1 of L. leucocephala foliar biomass and 1.2 t ha−1 manure were incorporated each season in green-manure and ox-manure systems, respectively. Although sole maize responded to inorganic fertilizer in six of 11 seasons, maize yield was improved by HI, with prunings used as green manure, only once, 5 yrs after the commencement of the study, when rainfall exceeded 500 mm. Over the experimental period, maize yields were 15% and 30% less in green-manure and ox-manure systems, respectively, than in unfertilized maize, primarily because of the competition of hedgerows with crops for water. The fodder system of HI recycled only 27% of N and 50% of P exported from the field in fodder, grain and stover, and depleted nutrients more than the other systems. The green-manure system made a positive N balance, with similar P depletion as in the fodder system. No changes were detected in soil organic carbon or cations in any of the systems during the experimental period while extractable P was significantly improved by fertilizing maize. Net present value of returns from fertilizing maize at 40 kg N and 18 kg P ha−1 was 10% higher than from the unfertilized control. Fertilizer use would be 25% more profitable, however, if P were applied only to match the amount of P removed by crop (9 kg P ha−1 per season) and if maize were not topdressed (amounting to 50% of the recommended N) in poor rainfall seasons. Of the two HI systems, only the fodder system was more profitable than either system of sole-cropped maize because the high value of fodder more than compensated the smaller maize yield obtained in HI. However, the fodder system may not give higher economic returns than a sole L. leucocephala fodder bank. Hence, HI using competitive species such as L. leucocephala and with the level of productivity observed in this study, is not appropriate for semiarid climates to increase cereal yields, either directly through green manuring or indirectly by fodder production and nutrient cycling through livestock.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/jnoezm
title: Raw data for net income from bee-keeping in Lamu County, Kenya

description: The Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) in its programme on biodiversity conservation partnered with the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) to implement biodiversity-based interventions along the Kenya-Somalia border. Investing in Honey Value Chains (HVC) for rural communities to conserve biodiversity was one of the key interventions for the programme. ICRAF commissioned a baseline survey in Witu and Awer (Lamu County) to collect information on variables such as the price of honey per litre, the total income from sale of honey per year, the number of women currently practicing beekeeping, level of education of beekeepers and different beekeeping practices. The survey targeted villages surrounding conservation areas of Boni, Dodori and Witu forests in Lamu County, Kenya.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/wi3y7h
title: Replication Data for: Effectiveness of Grassroots Organisations in the Dissemination of Agroforestry Innovations.

description: The aim of the study was to determine the performance of relay organisations involved in agroforestry innovations.  Four ICRAF staff members were interviewed as resource persons to inventory agroforestry innovations developed with ROs and to identify criteria for selection and evaluation of ROs. The second category of respondents was composed of leaders of the 8 ROs selected for this study. Information collected at this level included general information about the ROs, their human, financial and material resources and their involvement in the participatory development of agroforestry innovations. Semi-structured interviews were then held with the leaders of 27 farmer groups in order to identify innovations received at group level, dissemination approaches used by the ROs and group achievements in terms of agroforestry. At the level of individual farmers, 76 group members (35 women) and 7 farmers (all male) who stopped collaboration with the ROs were interviewed to record which of the agroforestry innovations they had adopted and whether they were satisfied with the support given by the ROs.
DOI: 10.25592/dgs.corpus-type-69864
title: WETTER2^ (MEINE DGS – annotiert. Öffentliches Korpus der Deutschen Gebärdensprache, mehrere Releases)
title: WEATHER2^ (MY DGS – annotated. Public Corpus of German Sign Language, several releases)

description: Ein Type aus der Annotation von MEINEDGS mit allen seinen Tokens aus MEINEDGS: The Public DGS Corpus consists of more than 50 hours of video data from the DGS-Korpus project made available together with annotations for research purposes. In this project, data were collected all across Germany in the timeframe 2010-2012. The public corpus shows 330 informants in 4 different age groups (from 18 years on) from 13 different regions. All parts are conversations between two informants in German Sign Language (DGS). The majority of transcripts included cover discussions and reports on Deaf life and personal experiences, although there are examples of other tasks such as story retellings as well.<br>Transcripts are made available in iLex and ELAN format as well as in SRT subtitles format that can be imported in MaxQDA and other analysis tools, together with the mp4 video files in 360p50. Über diese versionsunabhängige DOI ist die jeweils neueste Version des Datensatzes auffindbar.
description: A type from the annotation of MYDGS including all its tokens in MYDGS: Das Öffentliche DGS-Korpus besteht aus mehr als 50 Stunden Video aus dem Projekt DGS-Korpus , die zusammen mit Annotationen für Forschungszwecke zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Die Datenerhebung im Projekt fand im Zeitraum 2010-2012 in ganz Deutschland statt. Das öffentliche Korpus besteht aus Gesprächen jeweils zweier Informantinnen oder Informanten in Deutscher Gebärdensprache. Das Korpus umfasst 330 Informantinnen und Informanten in vier verschiedenen Altersgruppen (ab 18 Jahren) aus 13 verschiedenen Regionen. Der Schwerpunkt der Sammlung liegt auf Transkripten von Diskussionen und Berichten über das Leben Gehörloser sowie persönliche Erfahrungen, sie enthält aber auch Beispiele anderer Erhebungsformate wie Nacherzählungen.<br>Transkripte werden im iLex- und ELAN-Format sowie als SRT-Untertiteldateien (zum Import etwa in MaxQDA) zur Verfügung gestellt. Die zugehörigen MP4-Videodaten sind durchgängig im Format 360p50. This version-dependent DOI allows you to find the latest version of the dataset.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/14pzff
title: Programme for the Development of Alternative Biofuel Crops

description: Household survey data
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/24916
title: Influence of indigenous tree presence on soil macrofauna and soil organic matter dynamics in tropical agricultural landscapes

description: Abstract Trees in farmlands contribute to soil organic matter levels through leaf litter additions and root turnover. Trees also play important roles in the improvement of nutrient cycling and a more efficient utilization of existing soil nutrients as well as those externally applied. Soil macrofauna distribution is influenced by spatial variability of organic resources as they
are influenced by land use and climate. There is limited information available on the effect of trees on the spatial distribution of soil macrofauna activity in agricultural landscapes. This study was therefore undertaken to understand the influence of indigenous trees, land use and soil moisture on soil macrofauna as related to changes in soil physical and chemical properties. The soil macrofauna study was conducted at the Kiberashi Sentinel Site, Tanzania (AfSIS), following the LDSF nested sampling design across a total area of 100 square kilometers.  A total of six-hundred and forty (640) monoliths (25 x 25 x 10 cm) were collected, soil macrofauna separated by hand sorting, and soil samples prepared for spectroscopic analyses.  Organisms were not identified to species and only the main taxa were considered. In the laboratory, organisms were separated into seven broad groups (earthworms, termites, ants, beetles, millipedes, centipedes and âother invertebratesâ). Density and biomass of each of these groups were determined in each of the soil monoliths. Mid-Infrared (MIR) Spectroscopic analyses and soil textural analysis were used to characterize monolith soils inhabited by soil macrofauna. Earthworms, centipedes, millipedes and beetles showed significant clustering, while termites and ants did not. Moisture conditions influenced the distribution of earthworms and beetes. Soil total C, pH, available P, clay content and exchangeable bases explained close to 80% of the variation in soil properties. High abundance of beetles and lower abundance of earthworms and centipedes were found in soils of higher pH, while higher C soils had lower abundance of beetles and termites. Higher abundance of termites was found in soils with high clay content.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/25202
title: Replication data for: Can Rural Development Projects Generate Social Capital? A Case Study of Ricinodendron heudelotii Kernel Marketing in Cameroon

description: Social capital is an important pillar of farmersâ livelihoods and its importance for sustainable rural development has been recognised. Nevertheless, the creation of social capital through external interventions remains challenging. This study investigated the generation of social capital within a rural development project of the World Agroforestry Centre to promote Rici
nodendron heudelotii (Baill) Pierre ex Pax. kernel commercialisation. Combining quantitative and qualitative measurement techniques, the change in social capital over a period of 5 years was evaluated. Households of project villages were compared to control households. Project households increased their social assets significantly at different levels. Development interventions thus enhanced social capital, this improvement was mutually reinforced by a positive change in other farmer livelihood assets, in particular financial capital. This study reveals the complexity of social capital generation through external intervention and its implications for farmer livelihoods specifically and development work in general.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/25263
title: Replication data for: Market analysis of selected agroforestry products in the Vision for Change (V4C) Project intervention zone, CÃ´te d'Ivoire

description: Titles in the Working Paper Series aim to disseminate interim results on agroforestry research and practices and stimulate feedback from the scientific community. Other publication series from the World Agroforestry Centre include: Trees for Change, Technical Manuals and Occasional Papers. Cocoa yield per hectare in CÃ´te d`Ivoire is among the lowest in the world, ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 tons/ha per year. This figure continues to decline each season due to decreased soil fertility, increased disease pressure, the aging of cocoa orchards, and low use of inputs (Assiri et al. 2012, FLA 2012). Yields could be increased if farmers were able to apply fertilizer in recommended quantities, replant old orchards (especially with improved cocoa varieties), and control diseases with fungicides and other methods. However, for various reasons such as lack of financial means, low levels of technical training and reduced incentives to invest in cocoa because of low prices, the majority of Ivorian cocoa farmers
are not implementing these soil and crop improvement management methods. In view of this, Mars Incorporated, in collaboration with the Ivorian Government, embarked on the Vision for Change (V4C) project as a means of addressing the problem of low productivity of cocoa. This project is being implemented by the World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF). The initiative is currently setting up a network of Cocoa Development Centres (CDCs) throughout the region of SoubrÃ©, the most productive cocoa region in CÃ´te d`Ivoire, and conducting on-farm research into different cocoa cultivars, rehabilitation of old orchards by grafting, and the effect of fertilizer application and other management practices (ICRAF 2012). In future the project will enter the extension stage, and the best methods of increasing cocoa yields, plus affordable inputs to accomplish them, will be made accessible to farmers throughout the region. This initiative is designed on the same model as a successful project initiated in Indonesia by Mars in 2003, which increased cocoa yields from 0.5 to 2.5 tons/ha per year, on average (Pye-Smith 2011). Initial studies of the effects of rehabilitation methods in field trials in CÃ´te dâIvoire are encouraging, showing an 83% average increase in yields and an average profitability rate of 377% (Assiri et al. 2012). The data collected for this report comes from several different sources. Detailed information was collected on production, consumption and sale of the selected products in villages in the intervention zone via a targeted quantitative survey. In order to create value chain maps, estimate demand, and determine overall advantages and constraints for development of each product, methods used included targeted interviews with key informants, market observations, interviews of selected actors in the value chains of the different products, and farmer focus group meetings. The use of multiple methods allows data to be triangulated and cross-checked for consistency
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/25338
title: Baseline information on Rural institutions in East Africa

description: This data contains basic information about the project population. The study sought to profile all groups present in 6 project sites: Embu and Bungoma in kenya, Kapchorwa and Masindi in Uganda and Lushoto and Pemba in Tanzania.  The data collected were then used to select groups the project was to work in the 6 sites and was also used in coming up with a maturity assessment tool.