cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7m5p4
title: Data from: Highway to the danger zone: exposure-dependent costs of immunity in a vertebrate ectotherm

description: Parasite exposure often causes innate immune activation, resulting in
 tradeoffs among physiological processes and strong selection on the
 parasite. Costs of immune activation vary widely among and within host
 populations though, likely dependent on the evolutionary history of
 host-parasite interactions and the environments in which they occur. For
 hosts, degree of exposure may drive the magnitude of costs incurred, and
 subsequently whether hosts resist or tolerate infections. If costs
 increase concomitantly with exposure, a threshold may exist where the
 expense of parasite resistance becomes prohibitive and parasite tolerance
 becomes favorable. Here, we characterized exposure-dependent costs of an
 innate immune response in brown anoles (Anolis sagrei) by tracking
 allocation of an isotopically-labelled essential amino acid (13C-leucine),
 to the liver and gonads. To elicit immune responses, we used
 lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a strongly immunogenic molecule from Salmonella
 spp. We found that both sexes paid dose-dependent costs of Salmonella
 LPS-induced immune activation, but costs were experienced differently by
 the sexes, likely due to differences in life history. Males allocated more
 leucine to their livers in response to higher LPS doses. In females, a
 tendency for increased costs in response to dose were only revealed when
 leucine allocation ratios between lymphoid and reproductive organs were
 considered. We also found that regardless of dose, males always allocated
 more leucine to their gonads than females. Lastly, and perhaps most
 interestingly, cost functions in both sexes were linear, but with shallow
 slopes, indicating modest costs of immune activation in response to
 Salmonella LPS in this species. Altogether, our results demonstrate that
 costs of immunity are dose-dependent in this introduced lizard species,
 but sexes experience costs differently. Characterization of relationships
 between host exposure and cost of immune activation such as these can
 facilitate predictions about how parasites might circulate through
 communities.
description: 13C allocation and
 individual descriptivesExcel file of 13C
 measurements (adjusted and transformed), individual organ weights, LPS
 dose and temperatureAJB MetaData for
 FE.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t00r3
title: Data from: Two new sterile species of Loxospora (Sarrameanaceae: lichenized ascomycetes) from the mid-Atlantic coastal plain

description: Molecular phylogenetic analyses of mtSSU and nrITS sequence data show that
 two new crustose species belong to the genus Loxospora. Both species are
 sterile asexually reproducing crustose lichens from the Mid-Atlantic
 Coastal Plain of eastern North America, and are chemically similar to L.
 lecanoriformis in producing 2-0-methylperlatolic acid. Loxosopora
 assateaguensis is a sorediate species that is described from a single
 locality on Assateague Island in Maryland. Loxospora confusa is a
 granulose-isidiate species that is widespread in the Mid-Atlantic with a
 disjunct population in the Joccassee Gorges of the southern Appalachian
 Mountains.
description: Loxospora_datasetsThis submission consists of a compressed zip folder that contains the mtSSU and nrITS data sets used in Maximum Likelihood (ML), Maximum Parsimony (MP), ad Bayesian Inference (BI) analyses conducted for this study.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3tc7s
title: Data from: The dorid nudibranchs Peltodoris lentiginosa and Archidoris odhneri as predators of glass sponges

description: The dorid nudibranchs Peltodoris lentiginosa and Archidoris odhneri were
 found on glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) during remotely operated
 vehicle surveys of three reefs in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia,
 Canada. Eight nudibranchs were sampled from 2009 to 2011. Identification
 of sponge spicules found in their gut and fecal contents confirmed the
 nudibranchs to be predators of the reef-forming hexactinellids
 Aphrocallistes vastus and Heterochone calyx, as well as of the demosponge
 Desmacella austini, which encrusts skeletons of the glass sponges. Four of
 five nudibranchs dissected for gut content analysis had stomachs
 containing sponge spicules. Counts from high-definition video footage
 taken during systematic surveys done in 2009 showed that nudibranchs were
 found in only two of the three glass sponge reefs. These data provide the
 first quantitative evidence of a molluscan predator on glass sponges found
 outside of Antarctica, and establish the first trophic link between glass
 sponges and their associated community of animals in a sponge reef
 ecosystem on the western Canadian continental shelf.
description: In situ observation data
 for dorid nudibranch predators of glass spongesSpatial distribution
 data of dorid nudibranchs found to eat glass sponges in reefs in the
 Strait of Georgia. A Canadian Healthy Oceans Network (CHONe) Marine
 Biodiversity project, MB-18.CHONe_MB-18_ChuJWF_data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.92961
title: Data from: Mismatch in the distribution of floral ecotypes and pollinators: insights into the evolution of sexually deceptive orchids

description: Plants are predicted to show floral adaptation to geographic variation in
 the most effective pollinator, potentially leading to reproductive
 isolation and genetic divergence. Many sexually deceptive orchids attract
 just a single pollinator species, limiting opportunities to experimentally
 investigate pollinator switching. Here we investigate Drakaea concolor,
 which attracts two pollinator species. Using pollinator choice tests, we
 detected two morphologically similar ecotypes within D. concolor. The
 common ecotype only attracted Zaspilothynnus gilesi, while the rare
 ecotype also attracted an undescribed species of Pogonothynnus. The rare
 ecotype occurred at populations nested within the distribution of the
 common ecotype, with no evidence of ecotypes occurring sympatrically.
 Surveying for pollinators at over 100 sites revealed that ecotype identity
 was not correlated with wasp availability, with most orchid populations
 only attracting the rare Z. gilesi. Using microsatellite markers, genetic
 differentiation among populations was very low (GST = 0.011) regardless of
 ecotype, suggestive of frequent gene flow. Taken together, these results
 may indicate that the ability to attract Pogonothynnus has evolved
 recently but this ecotype is yet to spread. The nested distribution of
 ecotypes, rather than the more typical formation of ecotypes in allopatry,
 illustrates that in sexually deceptive orchids pollinator switching could
 occur throughout a species’ range, resulting from multiple potentially
 suitable but unexploited pollinators occurring in sympatry. This unusual
 case of sympatric pollinators highlights D. concolor as a promising study
 system for further understanding the process of pollinator switching from
 ecological, chemical and genetic perspectives.
description: D concolor broad scale
 surveysLatitude and longitude
 of survey locations of the pollinators of Drakaea concolor. Includes the
 number of wasps detected in surveysD concolor microsat
 scoresMicrosatellite scores
 for a population genetic study of Drakaea concolorD concolor pollinator
 choice trialsChoice trials with the
 wasp Pogonothynnus sp., responding to different populations of the orchid
 Drakaea concolorD concolor pollinator
 sizeComparison of the sizes
 of the two pollinators of Drakaea concolor, Pogonothynnus sp. and
 Zaspilothynnus gilesi
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r406f
title: Data from: A novel approach to parasite population genetics: experimental infection reveals geographic differentiation, recombination, and host-mediated population structure in Pasteuria ramosa, a model bacterial parasite of Daphnia

description: The population structure of parasites is central to the ecology and
 evolution of host-parasite systems. Here, we investigate the population
 genetics of Pasteuria ramosa, a bacterial parasite of Daphnia. We used
 natural P. ramosa spore banks from the sediments of two geographically
 well-separated ponds to experimentally infect a panel of Daphnia magna
 host clones whose resistance phenotypes were previously known. In this
 way, we were able to assess the population structure of P. ramosa based on
 geography, host resistance phenotype and host genotype. Overall, genetic
 diversity of P. ramosa was high, and nearly all infected D. magna hosted
 more than one parasite haplotype. On the basis of the observation of
 recombinant haplotypes and relatively low levels of linkage
 disequilibrium, we conclude that P. ramosa engages in substantial
 recombination. Isolates were strongly differentiated by pond, indicating
 that gene flow is spatially restricted. Pasteuria ramosa isolates within
 one pond were segregated completely based on the resistance phenotype of
 the host—a result that, to our knowledge, has not been previously reported
 for a nonhuman parasite. To assess the comparability of experimental
 infections with natural P. ramosa isolates, we examined the population
 structure of naturally infected D. magna native to one of the two source
 ponds. We found that experimental and natural infections of the same host
 resistance phenotype from the same source pond were indistinguishable,
 indicating that experimental infections provide a means to
 representatively sample the diversity of P. ramosa while reducing the
 sampling bias often associated with studies of parasite epidemics. These
 results expand our knowledge of this model parasite, provide important
 context for the large existing body of research on this system and will
 guide the design of future studies of this host-parasite system.
description: P. ramosa estimated
 haplotypes in STRUCTURE formatP. ramosa estimated
 haplotypes in STRUCTURE formatP_ramosa_haplotypes.txtP_ramosa_allele_presence_absenceP. ramosa presence/absence data for each allele at each locus
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.44t2n
title: Data from: Incomplete offspring sex bias in Australian populations of the butterfly Eurema hecabe

description: Theory predicts unified sex ratios for most organisms, yet biases may be
 engendered by selfish genetic elements such as endosymbionts that kill or
 feminize individuals with male genotypes. Although rare, feminization is
 established for Wolbachia-infected Eurema butterflies. This paradigm is
 presently confined to islands in the southern Japanese archipelago, where
 feminized phenotypes produce viable all-daughter broods. Here, we
 characterize sex bias for E. hecabe in continental Australia. Starting
 with 186 wild-caught females, we reared &gt;6000 F1–F3 progeny in
 pedigree designs that incorporated selective antibiotic treatments. F1
 generations expressed a consistent bias across 2 years and populations
 that was driven by an ~5% incidence of broods comprising greater than or
 equal to80% daughters. Females from biased lineages continued to
 overproduce daughters over two generations of outcrossing to wild males.
 Treatment with antibiotics of differential strength influenced sex ratio
 only in biased lineages by inducing an equivalent incomplete degree of son
 overproduction. Brood sex ratios were nevertheless highly variable within
 lineages and across generations. Intriguingly, the cytogenetic signature
 of female karyotype was uniformly absent, even among phenotypic females in
 unbiased lineages. Molecular evidence supported the existence of a single
 Wolbachia strain at high prevalence, yet this was not clearly linked to
 brood sex bias. In sum, we establish an inherited, experimentally
 reversible tendency for incomplete offspring bias. Key features of our
 findings clearly depart from the Japanese feminization paradigm and
 highlight the potential for more subtle degrees of sex distortion in
 arthropods.
description: F1 Brood
 dataFamily-wise offspring
 sex ratio data for female Eurema hecabe sampled in North Queensland (2008
 and 2009).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jr74d
title: Data from: Cold-hearted bats: uncoupling of heart rate and metabolism during torpor at subzero temperatures

description: Many hibernating animals thermoregulate during torpor and defend their
 body temperature (Tb) below 10°C by an increase in metabolic rate. Above a
 critical temperature (Tcrit) animals usually thermoconform. We
 investigated the physiological responses above and below Tcrit for a small
 tree dwelling bat (Chalinolobus gouldii, ~14 g) that is often exposed to
 subzero temperatures during winter. Through simultaneous measurement of
 heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (V̇O2) we show that the
 relationship between oxygen transport and cardiac function is
 substantially altered in thermoregulating torpid bats between 1 and -2°C,
 compared with thermoconforming torpid bats at mild ambient temperatures
 (Ta 5-20°C). Tcrit for this species was Ta 0.7 ± 0.4°C, with a
 corresponding Tb of 1.8 ± 1.2°C. Below Tcrit animals began to
 thermoregulate, indicated by a considerable but disproportionate increase
 in both HR and V̇O2. The maximum increase in HR was only 4-fold greater
 than the average thermoconforming minimum, compared to a 46-fold increase
 in V̇O2. The differential response of HR and V̇O2 to low Ta was reflected
 in a 15-fold increase in oxygen delivery per heart beat (cardiac oxygen
 pulse). During torpor at low Ta, thermoregulating bats maintained a
 relatively slow HR and compensated for increased metabolic demands by
 significantly increasing stroke volume and tissue oxygen extraction. Our
 study provides new information on the relationship between metabolism and
 HR in an unstudied physiological state that may occur frequently in the
 wild and can be extremely costly for heterothermic animals.
description: Data C. gouldii HR, MR,
 Tb
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gd635
title: Data from: Population genetic structure of the giant cactus Echinopsis terscheckii in northwestern Argentina is shaped by patterns of vegetation cover

description: Species inhabiting drylands commonly depend on the surrounding vegetation
 for recruitment under stress, while competition may affect populations in
 moister environments. Our objective was to analyze how different climates
 and vegetation affect the fine-scale spatial genetic structure (SGS) of
 the columnar cactus Echinopsis terscheckii. At four sites we estimated
 vegetation cover by digitized patches and the normalized difference
 vegetation index (NDVI). We mapped 30 individuals per population and
 collected tissue for isozyme electrophoresis using 15 putative loci.
 Spatial autocorrelation between all possible genotype pairs and the number
 of genetically homogeneous groups and families were calculated for each
 population. Greater cover (66%) and average NDVI values were detected in
 the most humid habitat that consisted of fewer, larger, and more dispersed
 vegetation patches. All populations were genetically diverse and showed
 significant SGS. Positive correlations were found between the distance at
 which maximum autocorrelation and kinship values were reached and
 vegetation area and patch size. Also higher NDVI values were associated
 with lower number of patches. Populations exposed to higher precipitation
 and vegetation cover consisted of sparse individuals that clustered at
 larger distances whereas vegetation patches in arid climates produced
 groups of closely related genotypes at small distances. These results
 support the stress-gradient genetic hypothesis. Under water stress,
 facilitation promotes establishment underneath patchy vegetation resulting
 in fine-scale family structure. In moister xerophilous forests competition
 for resources, i.e. light, results in sparse individuals and thus
 coarse-scale neighborhoods. This information can guide conservation and/or
 restoration efforts, such as the spatial scale to be considered in
 germplasm collection.
description: Isozyme genotypes for 4
 populations of Echinopsis terscheckiiSpatial coordinates and
 isozyme genotypes for individuals within four populations (LH, LC, PA, VF)
 of Echinopsis terscheckiiQuipildor et al_Isozyme
 genotypes and spatial coordinates.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.374vb
title: Data from: Assessing the in situ fertilization status of two marine copepod species, Temora longicornis and Eurytemora herdmani; how common are unfertilized eggs in nature?

description: We utilized an egg staining technique to measure the in situ fertilization
 success of two marine copepod species, Temora longicornis and Eurytemora
 herdmani from May to October 2008 in coastal Maine and correlated
 fertilization success with environmental conditions in their habitat. T.
 longicornis is a free spawning species that releases eggs into the ambient
 seawater after mating. In contrast, E. herdmani carries eggs in an egg sac
 until they hatch. The proportion of fertilized eggs within E. herdmani egg
 sacs was significantly higher than the freely spawned clutches of T.
 longicornis. This may be a result of the asymmetrical costs associated
 with carrying vs. spawning unfertilized eggs. T. longicornis frequently
 laid both fertilized and unfertilized eggs within their clutch. T.
 longicornis fertilization was negatively associated with chlorophyll
 concentration and positively associated with population density in their
 local habitat. The fertilization status of E. herdmani egg sacs was high
 throughout the season, but the proportion of ovigerous females was
 negatively associated with an interaction between predators and the
 proportion of females in the population. This study emphasizes that, in
 addition to population level processes, community and ecosystem level
 processes strongly influence the fertilization success and subsequent
 productivity of copepods.
description: Fertilization status of
 Eurytemora egg sacsThese data are from a
 survey conducted in the summer of 2008. The dependent variable is the
 fertilization status of Eurytemora egg sacs. The independent variables
 include several physical and ecological parameters measured at the time of
 the survey.eury.GLMM.fert.csvPresence of egg sacs for EurytemoraThese data are from a survey conducted in the summer of 2008. The dependent variable is the of egg sacs carried by Eurytemora females. The independent variables include several physical and ecological parameters measured at the time of the survey.eury.GLMM.eggsac.csvFertilization status of Temora eggsThese data are from a survey conducted in the summer of 2008. The dependent variable is the fertilization status of Temora egg clutches. The independent variables include several physical and ecological parameters measured at the time of the survey.temGLMM.fert.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2jv81
title: Data from: The role of the endemic and critically endangered Colorful Puffleg Eriocnemis mirabilis in plant-hummingbird networks of the Colombian Andes

description: Ecological network approaches may contribute to conservation practices by
 quantifying within-community importance of species. In mutualistic
 plant-pollinator systems, such networks reflect potential pollination of
 the plants and a considerable portion of the energy consumption by the
 pollinators, two key components for each party. Here, we used two
 different sampling approaches to describe mutualistic plant-hummingbird
 networks from a cloud forest in the Colombian Western Andes, home to the
 Colorful Puffleg Eriocnemis mirabilis, an endemic and critically
 endangered hummingbird. We contrast networks between two localities (a
 protected area inside a National park vs. its buffer zone) and across
 sampling methods (floral visitation vs. pollen loads) to assess how the
 network structure and the importance of each hummingbird species within
 the networks may change. Visitation networks were characterized as having
 higher sampling completeness, yet pollen load network recorded more pollen
 types than plant species recorded by visitation. Irrespective of the
 sampling methods, the Colorful Puffleg was one of the most important
 hummingbird species in the network within the protected area inside the
 National park, but not in the buffer zone. Moreover, most species-level
 network indices were related to hummingbirds’ abundance. This suggests
 that conservation initiatives aimed at the endangered Colorful Puffleg may
 both help on the survival of this endangered hummingbird, as well as on
 maintaining its key role in the mutualistic interaction network inside the
 National Park. Our study illustrates how conservation practitioners could
 assess the local importance of endangered species using interaction
 network approaches.
description: Visitation and pollen
 matricesMatrices used to
 interaction network analysisvisitation and pollen
 matrices.xlsx
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18371941
title: Joint inversion results of receiver functions and apparent S-wave velocities, together with waveform data, for the central-southern segment of the Tanlu Fault Zone

description: The Waveform_data.zip directory contains waveform data from the newly deployed stations used for receiver function analysis. 

 

The Data_TLFZ directory contains the results of the joint inversion: Discontinuities.dat and TL_Vs_result.dat.

Discontinuities.dat:This text file contains data related to discontinuities for 292 stations, with the meaning of each column listed in the first row of the file.

TL_Vs_result.dat:The Vs model spans longitudes 114°E–122°E and latitudes 30°N–38°N on a 0.25° grid. Vertically it extends from 0 to 60 km at 1 km intervals. Results shallower than 45 km are considered the most reliable. Columns 1 to 5 represent longitude, latitude, depth, S-wave velocity, and the S-wave velocity uncertainty based on posterior probability, respectively.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18371942
title: Joint inversion results of receiver functions and apparent S-wave velocities, together with waveform data, for the central-southern segment of the Tanlu Fault Zone

description: The Waveform_data.zip directory contains waveform data from the newly deployed stations used for receiver function analysis. 

 

The Data_TLFZ directory contains the results of the joint inversion: Discontinuities.dat and TL_Vs_result.dat.

Discontinuities.dat:This text file contains data related to discontinuities for 292 stations, with the meaning of each column listed in the first row of the file.

TL_Vs_result.dat:The Vs model spans longitudes 114°E–122°E and latitudes 30°N–38°N on a 0.25° grid. Vertically it extends from 0 to 60 km at 1 km intervals. Results shallower than 45 km are considered the most reliable. Columns 1 to 5 represent longitude, latitude, depth, S-wave velocity, and the S-wave velocity uncertainty based on posterior probability, respectively.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q2s0s
title: Data from: Singing in the moonlight: dawn song performance of a diurnal bird varies with lunar phase

description: It is well established that the lunar cycle can affect the behaviour of
 nocturnal animals, but its potential to have a similar influence on
 diurnal species has received less research attention. Here we demonstrate
 that the dawn song of a cooperative songbird, the white-browed sparrow
 weaver (Plocepasser mahali), varies with moon phase. When the moon was
 above the horizon at dawn, males began singing on average 10 minutes
 earlier if there was a full moon compared to a new moon, resulting in a
 67% mean increase in performance period and greater total song output. The
 lack of a difference between full and new moon dawns when the moon was
 below the horizon suggests that the observed effects were driven by light
 intensity, rather than other factors associated with moon phase. Effects
 of the lunar cycle on twilight signalling behaviour have implications for
 both pure and applied animal communication research.
description: York et al_Data
 fileData collected from the
 field and location-specific values obtained from
 http://www.usno.navy.mil/USNO/astronomical-applications/data-services