cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/9tpbr3
title: Gastropods of the Lower Jurassic Hierlatz Limestone Formation, part 3. New pleurotomarioideans from the fauna of Hierlatz Alpe (Hallstatt, Austria)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Szabó, János (2017): Gastropods of the Lower Jurassic Hierlatz Limestone Formation, part 3. New pleurotomarioideans from the fauna of Hierlatz Alpe (Hallstatt, Austria). Fragmenta Palaeontologica Hungarica 34: 9-48, DOI: 10.17111/FragmPalHung.2017.34.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.17111/fragmpalhung.2017.34.9Abstract – This paper adds sixteen pleurotomarioidean species to the fauna from the type locality area of the Lower Jurassic Hierlatz Limestone Formation (Hallstatt, Austria). Majority of these species are unknown from former publications; only one species has already been recognised from the Bakony Mts (Hungary). Most of the species belong or are related to the genus Pleurotomaria or Laevitomaria but two new genera are also established besides eleven new species: Neorotomaria n. gen., Granulizona n. gen., Pleurotomaria nodulocostulata n. sp., Pleurotomaria wiesberghausensis n. sp., Pleurotomaria nodulocincta n. sp., Pleurotomaria seminodosa n. sp., Pleurotomaria indistincta n. sp., Pleurotomaria nongradata n. sp., Pleurotomaria? homoruspira n. sp., Pleurotomaria? laponya n. sp., Neorotomaria obertraunensis n. sp., Neorotomaria subgradata n. sp. and Granulizona mandli n. sp. With 145 figures.
DOI: 10.15468/nwdbeh
title: Malagasy spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae), a taxonomic review of genera from Madagascar

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Bucher, Manon, Bouteille, Emilien, Cesne, Maxime Le (2024): Malagasy spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae), a taxonomic review of genera from Madagascar. European Journal of Taxonomy 935: 166-202, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.935.2555, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2555/11547Abstract. The nine genera of Malagasy spittlebug are revised, with the addition of new characters, facilitating the identification of the species. Nesaulax Jacobi, 1917, is synonymized with Amberana Distant, 1908, leading to a new combination for Amberana vittipennis (Bergroth, 1894). A new endemic genus Soulierana Bucher & Bouteille gen. nov. is proposed for two species originally placed in Literna Stål, 1866, based on morphological characters of the head, tegmina and male genitalia. Also, three new species are described in this genus: Soulierana bigidea Bucher gen. et sp. nov., Soulierana claudinae Bouteille gen. et sp. nov. and Soulierana kelymena Le Cesne gen. et sp. nov. Pictures of species and drawings of the male genitalia for all genera, with the exception of Rhinaulax Amyot & Serville, 1843, Alluaudensia Lallemand, 1920 and Literna, are included. An identification key is available in both a dichotomous format and an interactive format (Xper3).
DOI: 10.15468/77e9y2
title: Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Devillez, Julien, Charbonnier, Sylvain, Hyžný, Matúš, Leroy, Lucien (2016): Review of the Early Cretaceous erymid lobsters (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Western Tethys. Geodiversitas 38 (4): 515-541, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2016n4a4ABSTRACTErymid lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Erymidae) are relatively common and abundant in Jurassic rocks (c. 70 species) but are far less common in the Early Cretaceous with about 20 species only listed in Europe, North America, South America, Australia, Antarctic, Japan, and Madagascar. A study of the twelve species of erymid lobsters from the Early Cretaceous of Europe (France, United Kingdom) is here presented. Based on new observations, the concepts of some erymid genera are updated and new diagnoses are proposed for Eryma Meyer, 1840, Enoploclytia M’Coy, 1849, Palaeastacus Bell, 1850, Pustulina Quenstedt, 1857, and Stenodactylina Beurlen, 1928, including carapace groove pattern, first pereiopods and also a new structure –the post-orbital area – located in front of the cephalic region. The new genus Tethysastacus n. gen. is erected with Tethysastacus tithonius n. comb. (Valanginian, France) as type species. Five new species are described: Eryma vocontii n. sp. (Albian, France), Enoploclytia augustobonae n. sp. (Barremian, France), Enoploclytia gigantea n. sp. (Albian, Texas), Pustulina occitana n. sp. (Berriasian, France), and Pustulina colossea n. sp. (Hauterivian, France).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066624
title: РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО УЛУЧШЕНИЮ КАЧЕСТВА И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РАБОТЫ АНЕСТЕЗИОЛОГОВ-РЕАНИМАТОЛОГОВ В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066625
title: РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО УЛУЧШЕНИЮ КАЧЕСТВА И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ РАБОТЫ АНЕСТЕЗИОЛОГОВ-РЕАНИМАТОЛОГОВ В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ
DOI: 10.15468/723vm8
title: Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Copilaș-Ciocianu, Denis, Sidorov, Dmitry (2022): Taxonomic, ecological and morphological diversity of Ponto-Caspian gammaroidean amphipods: a review. Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 22 (2): 285-315, DOI: 10.1007/s13127-021-00536-6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13127-021-00536-6AbstractThe dynamic geological history of the Ponto-Caspian region drove the evolution of a highly adaptable endemic fauna that gave rise to notorious aquatic invaders. Amphipod crustaceans of the superfamily Gammaroidea attained considerable diversity, becoming the world’s second most speciose ancient lake amphipod radiation. Nonetheless, apart from a few species that became invasive, this group remains poorly studied. Herein, we review and quantify the taxonomic, morphological and ecological diversity, as well as the phylogenetic context of Ponto-Caspian gammaroids within the adaptive radiation framework. Molecular phylogenies indicate that this radiation has a likely monophyletic mid-Miocene Paratethyan origin and is nested within the morphologically conserved Atlanto-Mediterranean Echinogammarus clade. We find extensive disparity in body shape, size, ornamentation and appendage length, along a broad ecological gradient from mountain springs to depths exceeding 500 m, on virtually all substrate types (including symbiosis). We propose four putative ecomorphs that appear convergent with distantly related oceanic and Baikal Lake taxa. Thus, the identified patterns support the adaptive radiation hypothesis, although extensive further research is needed. A checklist and provisional key to all known endemic species are provided to facilitate taxonomic research. Ponto-Caspian gammaroids could be a potentially powerful model for studying adaptive radiations and invasive species evolution.
DOI: 10.15468/cwhejc
title: Nouvelles fourmis de diverses provenances, surtout d'Australie.

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Forel, A. (1895): Nouvelles fourmis de diverses provenances, surtout d'Australie. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique 39: 41-49, URL: http://antbase.org/ants/publications/3954/3954.pdf
DOI: 10.15468/qeg497
title: A catalogue of the Pompilidae (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea) of Gabon

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Madl, Michael, P, Cryptocheilus, D, Cyphononyx (2022): A catalogue of the Pompilidae (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea) of Gabon. Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (1): 219-224, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7507384
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066609
title: Infogravity 4.2+: Entropy, Informational Projection, and the Structural Origin of Geometry

description: Infogravity 4.2+ develops a structural account of how spacetime geometry and gravity may emerge from deeper informational organisation. The framework starts from the observation that every effective physical description involves irreversible loss of microscopic detail — an informational projection — naturally characterised by entropy. In this view, entropy functions not only as a measure of uncertainty, but as a selection principle: only relational structures that remain stable under repeated projection persist as geometric form.

 

Gravity is therefore interpreted as the large-scale, entropic phase of an underlying informational dynamics, rather than a fundamental interaction of the same type as the gauge forces. A minimal structural requirement follows: bound systems in three dimensions possess a six-dimensional internal phase space (X = 6), with the hydrogen atom representing the simplest realisation of such a stable informational node.

The aim is not to modify General Relativity, but to clarify the structural conditions under which geometric description becomes stable and unavoidable. In this sense, Infogravity 4.2+ situates gravity at the interface of physics and philosophy, identifying entropy-driven selection as a possible structural origin of emergent geometry.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066632
title: ДИФФУЗНАЯ АЛОПЕЦИЯ: ПРИЧИНЫ, МЕХАНИЗМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ, ДИАГНОСТИКА И МЕТОДЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066633
title: ДИФФУЗНАЯ АЛОПЕЦИЯ: ПРИЧИНЫ, МЕХАНИЗМЫ РАЗВИТИЯ, ДИАГНОСТИКА И МЕТОДЫ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yn3jxz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Nototriton tapanti"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0066715-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dbx9ee
title: Aportaciones al inventario de los Heteroptera (Hemiptera) de Galicia (N. O. Península Ibérica). I. Familia Coreidae Leach, 1815.

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Valcárcel, Javier Pérez, Piloña, Fernando Prieto (2009): Aportaciones al inventario de los Heteroptera (Hemiptera) de Galicia (N. O. Península Ibérica). I. Familia Coreidae Leach, 1815. Arquivos Entomolóxicos 1: 3-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372577Resumen: Se recopilan datos faunísticos de 22 especies pertenecientes a la Familia Coreidae Leach, 1815 (Heteroptera) presentes en Galicia (N.O. de la Península Ibérica). Arenocoris waltlii (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1834), Centrocoris spiniger (Fabricius, 1781), Centrocoris variegatus Kolenati, 1843, Spathocera dalmannii (Schilling, 1829) y Gonocerus insidiator (Fabricius, 1787) se citan de Galicia por primera vez.Palabras clave: Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Coreidae, Península Ibérica, Galicia, faunística.
DOI: 10.15468/2yt9gu
title: Catálogo De Modelos De Animales Extintos En El Colegio Nacional De Buenos Aires: “ Los Modelos Vetter ”

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Martinelli, Agustín G., Bogan, Sergio, Agnolín, Federico, Miñana, Marcelo, Mayoni, Gabriela, Pérez Winter, Cecilia V., Padula, Horacio, Winckler, Greta (2025): Catálogo De Modelos De Animales Extintos En El Colegio Nacional De Buenos Aires: “ Los Modelos Vetter ”. Historia Natural 15 (1): 27-55, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15724540Resumen. Este trabajo presenta el catálogo de los modelos de animales prehistóricos comercializados por Chrétien Vetter, una empresa establecida en Hamburgo, Alemania, a fines del siglo XIX. Estos modelos se encuentran actualmente en el Departamento de Geografía del Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires (CNBA), una de las instituciones educativas más antiguas de Argentina. La colección de Modelos Vetter es única en su tipo y, hasta la fecha, se sabe muy poco sobre Chrétien Vetter y su empresa, que se dedicó a la distribución de piezas de Historia Natural a museos, gabinetes científicos, escuelas y universidades de diversas partes del mundo durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.Palabras clave. Paleontología, Paleoarte, Gabinetes de Historia Natural.
DOI: 10.15468/h89nya
title: The early gephuroceratid ammonoids from the Roteisenstein Formation of Dillenburg (Cephalopoda, Ammonoidea)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Korn, Dieter, Bockwinkel, Jürgen (2022): The early gephuroceratid ammonoids from the Roteisenstein Formation of Dillenburg (Cephalopoda, Ammonoidea). European Journal of Taxonomy 823: 10-47, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.823.1811, URL: http://zoobank.org/d5ac626b-4a10-4cd9-b77b-6d7efe8d180eAbstract. The ammonoids of the suborder Gephuroceratina from the Roteisenstein (Red Ironstone) Formation of the area around Dillenburg (eastern Rhenish Mountains) are revised, mainly based on historical collections stored in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin. The new species Ponticeras materni sp. nov. is described and the species Pseudoprobeloceras pernai (Wedekind, 1918), Pseudoprobeloceras applanatum (Wedekind, 1918), Ponticeras aequabile (Beyrich, 1837), Darkaoceras galeatum (Matern, 1931), Taouzites acutus (Matern, 1931), Koenenites lamellosus (Sandberger & Sandberger, 1851), Acanthoclymenia forcipifera (Sandberger & Sandberger, 1851) and Acanthoclymenia planorbis (Sandberger & Sandberger, 1851) are revised. The stratigraphic distribution of the genera is discussed; they are assigned to three assemblages: (1) Pseudoprobeloceras pernai Zone (latest Givetian; genera Pseudoprobeloceras, Ponticeras, Darkaoceras and Taouzites), (2) Koenenites lamellosus Zone (early Frasnian, containing Koenenites lamellosus and Acanthoclymenia forcipifera) and (3) Mesobeloceras kayseri Zone (middle Frasnian, containing Acanthoclymenia planorbis).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066652
title: ДИНАМИКА РОСТА ВОЛОС У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С АЛОПЕЦИЕЙ В ХОДЕ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066653
title: ДИНАМИКА РОСТА ВОЛОС У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С АЛОПЕЦИЕЙ В ХОДЕ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ
DOI: 10.15468/bg2pvy
title: On some new and poorly-known Chrysillini from arid western South Africa (Araneae, Salticidae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Haddad, Charles Richard, Wesołowska, Wanda (2024): On some new and poorly-known Chrysillini from arid western South Africa (Araneae, Salticidae). African Invertebrates 65 (2): 127-159, DOI: 10.3897/AfrInvertebr.65.136083AbstractFollowing a rapid biodiversity assessment of spiders in the arid western interior of South Africa, we report on the occurrence of some poorly known and new species of chrysilline jumping spiders. Helafricanus patellaris (Simon, 1901), Heliocapensis capensis (Wesołowska, 1986), H. mirabilis (Wesołowska, 1986) and Menemerus lesserti Lawrence, 1927 are recorded from the Northern Cape Province for the first time, and Heliocapensis maluti (Wesołowska & Haddad, 2014) (Lesotho) and Heliophanus deformis Wesołowska, 1986 (Angola) are recorded from South Africa for the first time, both also from the Northern Cape. The hitherto unknown females of Heliocapensis mirabilis (Wesołowska, 1986) and Icius pulchellus Haddad & Wesołowska, 2011 and the male of M. lesserti are described for the first time. Three new species are described: Icius jacksoni sp. nov. (♂), Menemerus foordi sp. nov. (♂) and Natta triguttata sp. nov. (♂ ♀). One new combination, Afraflacilla matabelensis (Wesołowska, 2011), comb. nov. (ex Pseudicius Simon, 1885), is proposed. We present the first comprehensive molecular analysis of South Africa Chrysillini jumping spiders, based on the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene, which supports the monophyly of all but two genera (Helafricanus Wesołowska, 1986 and Heliophanus C. L. Koch, 1833), which we briefly discuss.
DOI: 10.15468/r69tkk
title: A review of the genus Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Pall-Gergely, Barna, Hunyadi, Andras, Meng, Kaibaryer, Fekete, Judit (2022): A review of the genus Laeocathaica Moellendorff, 1899 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Camaenidae). ZooKeys 1086: 33-76, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.77408
DOI: 10.15468/rhbqga
title: New data from the historical bee collection (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) of the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra and additional faunistic updates for Portugal

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Gaspar, Hugo, Flaminio, Simone, Soares, Albano, Rufino, Cristina, Loureiro, João, Castro, Sílvia, Wood, Thomas J. (2025): New data from the historical bee collection (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) of the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra and additional faunistic updates for Portugal. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 165-194, DOI: 10.3897/jhr.98.142965AbstractEntomological collections hold significant scientific potential, especially understudied taxa of historical collections from important biogeographical regions, such as bees in Portugal. The Science Museum of the University of Coimbra (MCUC) holds the largest historical collection of Portuguese bees, primarily because M. A. Diniz, one of the few Portuguese bee experts, was based in this institution during the 20 th century, and several historical collections are stored there from that period and before. Nevertheless, most of the records were unpublished and unrevised. In this work, we revised and databased (via GBIF) 13,374 Portuguese bee records (11,053 unpublished), covering 464 species, of which 11 are new to Portuguese fauna. All 9 type specimens from Portuguese species (1 holotype, 2 syntypes, 5 paratypes and 1 dismissed type) were reported and photographed. We also provide an update of the Anthophila checklist for continental Portugal, with three additional unreported species from other institutions (for a total of 14 new species) and removal or confirmation of exclusion of 19 previously reported species, producing a revised total for the Portuguese continental bee fauna of 736 species.
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14307444
title: World Weather Repository ( Daily Updating )
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gcyvgk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Nototriton tomamorum"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0066718-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/md2n6c
title: Revision of Trigastrotheca Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae) with descriptions of 13 new species

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Quicke, Donald L. J., Van Noort, Simon, Ranjith, Avunjikkattu Parambil, Friedman, Ariel L. L., Mejlon, Hans, Butcher, Buntika A. (2024): Revision of Trigastrotheca Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae) with descriptions of 13 new species. ZooKeys 1205: 115-167, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1205.125014AbstractThe Old World braconine wasp genus Trigastrotheca Cameron is revised. The genus is recorded from the island of Madagascar for the first time based on two new species, T. christianhenrichi Quicke & Butcher, sp. nov. and T. formosa Quicke & Friedman, sp. nov. Trigastrotheca griffini Quicke, sp. nov. is described from Australia; T. aethiopica Quicke & Friedman, sp. nov. is described from Ethiopia; T. braeti Quicke & Butcher, sp. nov. is described from Congo; T. simba van Noort, sp. nov. is described from Tanzania; T. freidbergi Quicke & Friedman, sp. nov., T. carinata Ranjith, sp. nov., T. flava Ranjith, sp. nov. and T. similidentata Ranjith, sp. nov. are described from India; T. khaoyaiensis Quicke & Butcher, sp. nov., T. naniensis Quicke & Butcher, sp. nov., and T. sublobata Quicke & Butcher, sp. nov. are described from Thailand. Trigastrotheca tridentata is recorded from Thailand for the first time. A putative female of T. sureeratae is described for the first time. Acrocerilia tricolor Quicke & Ingram, 1993 is transferred into Trigastrotheca, as T. acroceropsis nom. nov. A key is provided for the identification of species.
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14307456
title: Peer-to-Peer Boliviano (BOB) Exchange Data
DOI: 10.15468/ustudz
title: The collection of the genus Mispila Pascoe, 1864 housed in the Natural History Museum, London (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Xie, Guanglin, Barclay, Maxwell V. L., Wang, Wenkai (2023): The collection of the genus Mispila Pascoe, 1864 housed in the Natural History Museum, London (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Zootaxa 5352 (2): 245-265, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5352.2.6AbstractData on the collection of the genus Mispila Pascoe, 1864 (Lamiinae, Pteropliini) deposited in the Natural History Museum, London are presented. Mispila (s. str.) auguralis Pascoe, 1878 is removed from synonymy with Mispila (s. str.) venosa Pascoe, 1864 and considered as a subspecies: Mispila (s. str.) venosa auguralis Pascoe, 1878 stat. rev. . Lectotypes are designated for Mispila (s. str.) obscura Gahan, 1890 and Mispila (Dryusa) flexuosa (Pascoe, 1864). The variation of Mispila venosa venosa Pascoe, 1864 is shown. A total of 20 valid species/subspecies are listed.
DOI: 10.15468/y6vmww
title: An updated infrageneric classification of the pantropical species-rich genus Garcinia L. (Clusiaceae) and some insights into the systematics of New Caledonian species, based on molecular and morphological evidence

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Gaudeul, Myriam, Sweeney, Patrick, Munzinger, Jerome (2024): An updated infrageneric classification of the pantropical species-rich genus Garcinia L. (Clusiaceae) and some insights into the systematics of New Caledonian species, based on molecular and morphological evidence. PhytoKeys 239: 73-105, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.239.112563, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.239.112563
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hdetxf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 413278 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Observation",
 "Month is one of (January, March)",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year 2001-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 413278 records from 55 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0066714-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18066589
title: THE NEXT-GENERATION INNOVATIVE AND INTERACTIVE SCHOOL: EMBRACING AI.

description: In this article, the focus of learning is not the formal "completion" of subjects, but real, meaningful action. The educational process being built here is described as a system of projects and research trajectories, in which subjects work together to create a unified semantic space.

Interdisciplinary is not an add-on, but the foundation. All modules are designed so that students see the connections between linguistics, physics, literature, mathematics, and history. This is a world where knowledge is not divided into "textbooks" but reflects the structure of life.