cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4142/13
title: Reuse_SollichEberhard2023Comparison.csv

description: Evaluation of Reuse, based on the cited Source, the Section, where the citation occured, if the affiliation is associated with the research group (ITM), if the citation is used for referring or reusing (Claim), What (Method, Modell, Treatment, Softwware, SPH-Model) is How (assumption, adjustment, application, comparision) and the sentence in which the citation occurred (Mentioned).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27646137.v1
title: Original data for figure 2 and supplementary figure 6

description: Original data for Figure 2 and Supplementary Figure 6 for the article 'River-lake ecosystems exhibit a strong seasonal cycle of greenhouse gas emissions'.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4142/14
title: Comparison_of_Articles_Research_Cases.tab

description: Data evaluation of all reuse_Authorname.csv files
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4142
title: Database for: Documenting Research in Simulation Science to Enhance Understanding for Reusability

description: &lt;p&gt;Replication Data for an analysis of research articles from computational mechanics, all using the software Pasimodo &lt;a href="https://www.itm.uni-stuttgart.de/en/software/pasimodo/"&gt;https://www.itm.uni-stuttgart.de/en/software/pasimodo/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Categories for analysing the articles:&lt;br&gt;
To understand the context of the citation, we classified the citations into referring and reuse. Where referring is meant to be, when a citation is used in a document to refer to another article, but the content of that article is not used to contribute or support the work at hand. The term reuse refers to the use of data, concepts, or theories previously established by others to enhance, sustain, or build upon for the own work. It can also mean that the referenced article is used to set boundaries or differentiate the current work from that of the cited article. To gain a more profound understanding of these purposes of reuse of other research, we defined a further subdivision of the term reuse: adjustment, application, assumption and comparison. In this way, adjustment refers to an existing concept, combined with something new to refer to the broader concept or idea, while application and assumption focus more on details. The term application employs when the reference was used for an existing concept that was incorporated into the work itself in the form of formulas, models, theories, or parameters. Unlike assumption, where an existing concept was referenced, which was incorporated into the model without formulas. Comparison is used for an existing concept to compare or validate its results, methods, or assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;

Overview_Articles_Research_Cases.csv contains the metadata about the analysed and a key to identify the articles.&lt;br&gt;
Evaluation_of_Articles_Research_Cases.csv contains further information about the scope of every article.&lt;br&gt;
Reuse_&lt;key&gt;.csv contains the detailed analysis of the article (see method).&lt;br&gt;
Comparison_of_Articles_Research_Cases.csv includes data analysis across all Reuse_&lt;key&gt;.csv files.&lt;br&gt;
in Reuse_in_Articles_Research_Cases.xlsx contains all files above.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4142/15
title: Reuse_in_Articles_Research_Cases.xlsx

description: All csv-files as excel-spreadsheet
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4345/10
title: :unav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4345/11
title: :unav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4345/12
title: :unav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.1285/i18285368axxxviiin107p222
title: VIE DELLA RICERCA = PATHWAYS OF RESEARCH
DOI: 10.18419/darus-4345/13
title: :unav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/1
title: coupler.stp
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/2
title: coupler.pdf
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/3
title: sliding_part.stp
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/4
title: sliding_part.pdf
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/5
title: additional_weight.stp
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/6
title: additional_weight.pdf
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/7
title: clamping.pdf
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/8
title: clamping.stp
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/10
title: beam.pdf
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/9
title: block.stp
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/11
title: beam.stp
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462
title: Self-adaptive beam slider system

description: This dataset contains the CAD-files and drawings specifying the geometry, material and manufacturing tolerances of the prototype of our self-adaptive beam-slider system. Under external harmonic excitation, this system has the capability to passively adjust its dynamics such that a very large vibration level is achieved and maintained in a broad range of operating conditions.
description: Siemens NX, 11
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2462/12
title: block.pdf
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/1
title: SP_v100_forw.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/2
title: SP_v100_backw.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/3
title: SP_v50_backw.mat
DOI: 10.1285/i18285368axxxviiin107p223
title: L'image ou le réel sans profondeur. Considérations phénoménologiques sur la superficialité de l'imagination (Husserl, Sartre, Henry) = The image or the film without depth. Phenomenological considerations on the superficiality of the imagination (Husserl, Sartre, Henry)

description: The role of imagination seems an act of consciousness that neutralizes the existence of things it encounters. Unlike perception, it creates free experiences. It shows things without positioning them in the space or engaging the spatiotemporal position of our body. This paper aims to demonstrate how the neutralization of existence regarding things in imagination, due to the suspension of reality, creates a different form of depth. Not only the perceived form, but also the experienced one. Through the phenomenology of imagination, we can reach a reconsideration of the phenomenological dualism discussing the monism proposal. There is in fact a link between the two, that is, the superficiality of the image and the absoluteness of subjective life.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/4
title: SP_v50_forw.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/5
title: SP_v75_backw.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/6
title: SP_v75_forw.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/7
title: SP_v25_backw.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/8
title: SP_v25_forw.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/9
title: validate_SP_s0_720_v10_LDAComp.mat

description: Validation measurement with LDD compensation (lookup table) activated. pos 0 m to 0.72 m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/10
title: validate_SP_s720_0_v10_LDAComp.mat

description: Validation measurement with LDD compensation (lookup table) activated. pos 0.72 m to 0 m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/11
title: LDD_Transfer_function_Force_controlled.csv

description: RBS signal on current (force) controlled LDD to extract transfer function. Extracted with SIEMENS Starter. Measured variables are desired Force (C0:Lineardirektantrieb.r77) and actual force (C0:Lineardirektantrieb.r78[0]).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t6pyjb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Polyommatus icarus (von Rottemburg, 1775)",
 "Year is 0",
 "Country is Netherlands"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006922-241107131044228/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563
title: Identification data for Linear Direct Drive Forces compensation

description: &lt;p&gt;Linear direct drive forces are identified for compensation, where a linear direct drive is mounted in parallel to a ball screw feed drive axis.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Please refer to &lt;a href="https://darus.uni-stuttgart.de/file.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.18419/darus-2563/12"&gt;Readme.md&lt;/a&gt; contained in the dataset for more detailed information.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Nut forces are measured via 4 parallel KISTLER force sensors in the nut. Total force is in `F_nut_sum`. Note, that the sensors may drift and have to be referenced.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Contained measurements are:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;LDD_Transfer_function_Force_controlled.csv ... PRBS on linear direct drive current/force controlled for identification of its dynamics&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;SP_ ... constant velocity with different velocities (named in mm/s) forward (positive axes direction) and backwards (negative axes direction)&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;validate_SP ... constant velocity motion with compensation turned on to measure remaining forces and postiion errors&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;


&lt;h5&gt;Abbreviations used in data/metadata:&lt;/h5&gt;

&lt;ul&gt;
&lt;li&gt;LDA/LDD ... linear direct drive&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;li&gt;KGT/BSC ... ball screw drive&lt;/li&gt;
&lt;/ul&gt;
description: dSPACE Control Desk, 7.3
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2563/12
title: Readme.md
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/3
title: Neweul_theory_multibodysystems.pdf

description: Theory of multibody systems computed with Neweul (German).
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/4
title: Notes_compare_documenation_Neweul.pdf

description: Table comparing the content of the wiki with that of the official documentation in Matlab.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/6
title: Cluster_Neweul_Documentation.pdf

description: Table showing the content of the documentation in Neweul, what form the documentation has, its location, the author, and the audience.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/7
title: Notes_Dumux_Workshop.pdf

description: Feedback from external research software developers during a workshop on what could be improved in the documentation.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/1
title: Notes.pdf

description: Scan of handwritten unstructured notes with thoughts and ideas (German).
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/10
title: Notes_ResearchQuestion.pdf

description: Initial reflections and findings on the research question (German).
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/11
title: Notes_Neweul_featute_reactionforces.pdf

description: In-depth evaluation of the documentation of the reaction force feature in Neweul (partly in German)
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/2
title: Poster_status seminar_SH.pdf

description: Poster presentation at the Simtech status seminar to receive feedback from other researchers about the findings.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/5
title: Notes_on_Articles.pdf

description: Table with comparison and classification of core statements, methods, and schools of thought (German) from a first literature review.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/8
title: Notes_Precice_interview.pdf

description: Findings from the interviews with Precice Research Software Engineers.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/9
title: Notes_ReactionForce.pdf

description: Detailed description of problems encountered when solving a concrete example in Neweul (German).
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681
title: Case Study Database for: Documenting Research Software in Engineering Science

description: This dataset contains the collected data of a case study on the documentation of research software in the institutional everyday life of engineering scientists. All files beginning with "Notes" contain personal thoughts and transcripts. More detailed descriptions about the content of the files are located directly on the file.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2681/12
title: Final_selection_of_literature.csv

description: Literature examined in the article.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/1
title: noDox-CcrM-WT Rep1 A11_EKDL210007913-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L2_1.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/2
title: noDox-CcrM-WT Rep1 A11_EKDL210007913-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L2_2.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/3
title: 10dDox-CcrM-WT Rep1 A12_EKDL210007914-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L3_2.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/4
title: 10dDox-CcrM-WT Rep1 A12_EKDL210007914-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L3_1.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/5
title: 10dDox-CcrM-Inactive Rep1 A13_EKDL210007915-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L3_2.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/6
title: 10dDox-CcrM-Inactive Rep1 A13_EKDL210007915-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L3_1.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/7
title: noDox-CcrM-WT Rep2 A14_EKDL210007916-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L2_1.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/8
title: noDox-CcrM-WT Rep2 A14_EKDL210007916-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L2_2.fq.gz
DOI: 10.1285/i18285368axxxviiin107p242
title: And the eerie? Un'indagine fenomenologica sull'inquietante di Mark Fisher = And the eerie? A phenomenological investigation into the uncanny by Mark Fisher

description: This article provides a theoretical examination of the "weird" and "eerie" as distinct ontological and phenomenological experiences, emphasizing their divergence from Freud's "unheimlich" (the uncanny). Drawing on Mark Fisher's insights, the "weird" is explored as an intrusive, dissonant presence that unsettles the familiar, while the "eerie" is analyzed as the unsettling perception of an absence where presence is expected or a presence where absence should be. The paper challenges Fisher's psychoanalytic reading, proposing instead a phenomenological interpretation that positions the "eerie" as an atmospheric, spatial event exceeding mere subjective experience.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/9
title: 10Dox-CcrM-WT Rep2 A15_EKDL210007917-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L1_1.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/10
title: 10Dox-CcrM-WT Rep2 A15_EKDL210007917-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L1_2.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/11
title: 10dDox-CcrM-Inactive Rep2 A16_EKDL210007918-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L3_2.fq.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813
title: Gene expression data related to Broche et al.: "Genome-wide deposition of 6-methyladenine in human DNA reduces the viability of HEK293 cells and directly influences gene expression"

description: In the publication "Genome-wide deposition of 6-methyladenine in human DNA reduces the viability of HEK293 cells and directly influences gene expression" bacterial DNA-adenine N6-Methyltransferases were expressed in human HEK293 cells. Cell proliferation and gene expression were investigated. Gene expression was investigated by RNA-seq.&lt;br/&gt;
RNA-seq data were obtained from stable HEK293 cell lines, containing the bacterial N6-MTase CcrM (wildtype or catalytically inactive D39A mutant). Expression of CcrM was controlled by the doxycycline (dox)-inducible TRE3G promoter. RNA-seq experiments were performed with cells before ('no dox') or after 10 days ('10d dox') of dox treatment. &lt;br/&gt;
Total RNA was isolated from ~10^6 cells using the RNeasy® Mini Kit (Qiagen), and quantified via NanoDrop1000. For each library, 1 µg RNA was taken as input material. Since total RNA is mostly constituted of rRNA (≥ 80%), poly-adenylated mRNA was first enriched using the NEBNext® Poly(A) mRNA Magnetic Isolation Module (NEB). Afterwards, RNA-seq libraries were generated using the NEBNext® Ultra™ II Directional RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina® (NEB), in combination with NEBNext® Multiplex Oligos for Illumina® (Index Primers Set 1) (NEB), thus resulting in strand-specific RNA libraries (opposite sense strand). For quality assessment of the RNA-seq libraries, fragment size distributions and concentrations were determined by Labchip® GX Touch (Perkin Elmer). Finally, 300 ng of each RNA library was submitted to Novogene Corporation Inc. U.K. for Next-Generation-Sequencing (Illumina Novaseq 6000 system, paired-end, 2 x 150bp-mode). Sequencing data were received in FASTQ format (~2 x 20 million reads/sample), and all subsequent data processing steps were performed on the &lt;a href="https://usegalaxy.eu/"&gt;European Galaxy Platform&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkw343"&gt;Afgan et al., 2016&lt;/a&gt;).
DOI: 10.18419/darus-2813/12
title: 10dDox-CcrM-Inactive Rep2 A16_EKDL210007918-1a_HMYVLDSX2_L3_1.fq.gz
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14065516
title: Single cell deletion of the transcription factors Trps1 and Sox9 reveals novel functions in adult cortical astrocytes
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14065517
title: Single cell deletion of the transcription factors Trps1 and Sox9 reveals novel functions in adult cortical astrocytes
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/1
title: Fundamental_matrix.m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/11
title: Chebyshev_basis.m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/6
title: Chebyshev_Galerkin_method.m

description: Solves eigenvalue problem using Chebyshev-Galerkin method
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/8
title: Chebyshev_integrals.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/9
title: Direct_numerical_simulation.m

description: Solves the original governing equations
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/10
title: Readme.txt

description: Description of main features of files
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/2
title: transform.m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/3
title: Gaussian_quadrature.mat
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/4
title: Ground_state.m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/5
title: plot_dns.m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/7
title: index.m
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057
title: Code for: Solution approaches for evaporation-driven density instabilities in a slab of saturated porous media

description: This dataset concerns codes and solution approaches for a case of evaporation-driven density instabilities from a porous slab that is bounded vertically. Two solution approaches (Chebyshev-Galerkin and Fundamental matrix) for the resulting eigenvalue problem is included, as well as a code for the direct numerical simulation of the governing system of equations.
description: The main codes to be run are Chebyshev_Galerkin_method.m, Fundamental_matrix_method.m and Direct_numerical_simulation.m, while the other files are supporting files used by these codes. The file Readme.txt gives an overview of the main features of these three codes, while description of input and output parameters for the three main codes are given in the beginning of the respective .m-file.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3057/12
title: Fundamental_matrix_method.m

description: Solves eigenvalue problem using Fundamental matrix method
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/1
title: data.tar.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/2
title: Results.tar.gz
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/3
title: plot.py
DOI: 10.1285/i18285368axxxviiin107p259
title: Progettare per competenze: i lessici del sillabo = Designing for competences: syllabus lexicons

description: This essay outlines the main stages of an educational proposal within certification programs aimed at designing a philosophy syllabus. The proposal focused specifically on developing terminology, including both instructional language and content-specific terms. To ensure a rigorous approach, key pedagogical concepts were identified and analyzed, establishing a framework for critically and thoughtfully situating philosophical curriculum planning. Among the thematic vocabularies selected, those related to the issue of dwelling (Wohnungsfrage) were prioritized.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/4
title: train.yml
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/5
title: LICENSE
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/6
title: train_model_TurbNetGeo_Light.py
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/7
title: data.py
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/8
title: utils.py
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/9
title: unet.py
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/10
title: train_model_TurbNetGeo.py
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/11
title: train_model_TurbNetGeo_noSkip_Light.py
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184
title: Replication Data for: Geothermal-ML - predicting thermal plume from groundwater heat pumps

description: This dataset provides all python3 code necessary to train convolutional neural networks built with pyTorch, as well as the data to train the networks. A &lt;a href="https://darus.uni-stuttgart.de/file.xhtml?fileId=164422"&gt;README file&lt;/a&gt; is provided with instructions for accessing the training data, viewing the alread computed models, and all software dependency versions.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3184/12
title: README.md
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/1
title: case1_params.input

description: params.input file of DuMuX for benchmark case 1 including placeholders filled via ViPLab
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/2
title: case2_params.input

description: params.input file of DuMuX for benchmark case 2 including placeholders filled via ViPLab
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/3
title: case3_params.input

description: params.input file of DuMuX for benchmark case 3 including placeholders filled via ViPLab
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/4
title: case4_params.input

description: params.input file of DuMuX for benchmark case 4 including placeholders filled via ViPLab
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/5
title: berre2020.tar.gz

description: Source code containing the DuMuX applications for the benchmark cases.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/6
title: Dockerfile

description: Recipe for the creation of a docker container from the source code of this dataset.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/7
title: README.md

description: Documentation and installation instructions (copy of the README of the source code in berre2020.tar.gz).
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/8
title: berre2020_docker_image.tar.gz

description: Archive containing the docker image built with the recipe from this dataset.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/9
title: case1.computation-template.json

description: Configuration file for ViPLab to execute benchmark case 1.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/10
title: case2.computation-template.json

description: Configuration file for ViPLab to execute benchmark case 2.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/11
title: case3.computation-template.json

description: Configuration file for ViPLab to execute benchmark case 3.
DOI: 10.18419/darus-3228/12
title: case4.computation-template.json

description: Configuration file for ViPLab to execute benchmark case 4.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wym9sm
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 439457 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Abies cephalonica Loudon, Abies cephalonica Link, 1842, Acacia dealbata Link, Acacia dealbata A.Cunn., Acacia mearnsii De Wild., Acacia mearnsii DeWild., Acacia provincialis A.Camus, Acacia pycnantha Benth., Acacia pycnantha Boiv., Acacia micrantha (Cav.) Domin, Acacia synantha Maslin, M.D.Barrett & R.L.Barrett, Acacia micrantha Benth., Acacia micrantha Desv., Acacia pinnata Dalzell & A.Gibson, Acacia pinnata Link, Acacia micrantha Ham., 1825, Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L.Wendl., Acacia salicina Lindl., Acacia saltiana Steud., Acacia halliana Maslin, Acalypha virginica L., Acalypha virginica Benth., Acalypha virginica Michx., Acalypha virginica Wall., Acalypha virginea Dragend., Acer negundo L., Acer eonegundo Wolfe & Tanai, 1987, Agave americana subsp. americana, Agave americana var. americana, Agave fourcroydes Lem., Agave ingens A.Berger, Agave salmiana var. ferox (K.Koch) Gentry, Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb., Amaranthus albus L., Amaranthus albus Rodschied, Amaranthus albus Rodschied ex F.Dietr., Amaranthus albus Thunb., Amaranthus albus Robin, Amaranthus alius E.H.L.Krause, Amaranthus alius K.Krause)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2000"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 439457 records from 1784 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006915-241107131044228/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15735346
title: R code for random forest and piecewise SEM
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15735345
title: R code for random forest and piecewise SEM
DOI: 10.4121/60df7c4f-ca47-4ad0-8a7d-1962077ed09d.v1
title: Data and scripts for "Acoustic Profiling of Suspended Sediment Concentration in a Hyperturbid Tidal Environment"

description: Measurements of SSCs in the water column are important for understanding many processes related to sediment management. Direct sampling is, however, often too labor intensive. Therefore, we often rely on indirect sampling using Acoustic Doppler Current Profiling observations. The acoustic inversion method typically used is based on the propagation of the emitted and received sound wave, relating acoustic properties to sediment concentrations. To simplify the approach constant calibration coefficients are often assumed, representing homogeneous sediment properties in time and space. Our observations from the near-bed layers in a stratified high-turbid navigation channel of the Ems estuary show that the vertical uniformity assumption only performs well when backscatter profiles vary nearly linearly with depth.