cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832829
title: External morphology, postcranial and appendicular osteology of three southwestern Atlantic flatfishes ( Paralichthys , Paralichthyidae), and comparisons with other congeneric species

description: ABSTRACT Comparisons of the external morphology and analysis of osteological features of the postcranial and appendicular skeletons of three southwestern Atlantic flatfish species of the genus Paralichthys (P. isosceles, P. orbignyanus and P. patagonicus) were carried out. Bones are described, and detailed morphological, morphometric and meristic characteristics of these flounders are given in order to provide information about the external and internal morphology of three species of Paralichthys occurring in the south-west Atlantic waters that add new information and will help regarding within the framework of a phylogenetic study of the group. Interspecific differences were found in the number of vertebrae and intermuscular bones, as well as in the morphology and morphometry of vertebrae, caudal skeletons, pectoral and pelvic girdle bones. Relationships between bones are discussed and bone characteristics compared with those found in other species of Paralichthys and in other pleuronectiform species. The position of Paralichthys isosceles within Paralichthys is discussed, along with other congeners such as P. triocellatus and P. oblongus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832829.v1
title: External morphology, postcranial and appendicular osteology of three southwestern Atlantic flatfishes ( Paralichthys , Paralichthyidae), and comparisons with other congeneric species

description: ABSTRACT Comparisons of the external morphology and analysis of osteological features of the postcranial and appendicular skeletons of three southwestern Atlantic flatfish species of the genus Paralichthys (P. isosceles, P. orbignyanus and P. patagonicus) were carried out. Bones are described, and detailed morphological, morphometric and meristic characteristics of these flounders are given in order to provide information about the external and internal morphology of three species of Paralichthys occurring in the south-west Atlantic waters that add new information and will help regarding within the framework of a phylogenetic study of the group. Interspecific differences were found in the number of vertebrae and intermuscular bones, as well as in the morphology and morphometry of vertebrae, caudal skeletons, pectoral and pelvic girdle bones. Relationships between bones are discussed and bone characteristics compared with those found in other species of Paralichthys and in other pleuronectiform species. The position of Paralichthys isosceles within Paralichthys is discussed, along with other congeners such as P. triocellatus and P. oblongus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832826
title: Population dynamics of Prochilodus nigricans (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) in the Putumayo River

description: ABSTRACT The black prochilodus (Prochilodus nigricans) is one of the most landed scaled fish species of the middle and upper parts of the Putumayo River, in the tri-national area between Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Despite its importance, biological information about this species is too scant to guide fisheries management in this portion of the Colombian Amazon. In this study, 10884 individuals were sampled in the fish markets of Puerto Leguízamo between 2009 and 2017. This sampling was used to document reproductive patterns, but also growth and mortality parameters from length frequency distributions. The size at which all fish were mature was 22 cm Ls, which should be the established as the minimum size of capture to ensure that all fish have had a chance to reproduce before being caught. Growth and mortality parameters indicated a slower growth in the Putumayo than in other Amazonian rivers and a relatively high exploitation rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832826.v1
title: Population dynamics of Prochilodus nigricans (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae) in the Putumayo River

description: ABSTRACT The black prochilodus (Prochilodus nigricans) is one of the most landed scaled fish species of the middle and upper parts of the Putumayo River, in the tri-national area between Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Despite its importance, biological information about this species is too scant to guide fisheries management in this portion of the Colombian Amazon. In this study, 10884 individuals were sampled in the fish markets of Puerto Leguízamo between 2009 and 2017. This sampling was used to document reproductive patterns, but also growth and mortality parameters from length frequency distributions. The size at which all fish were mature was 22 cm Ls, which should be the established as the minimum size of capture to ensure that all fish have had a chance to reproduce before being caught. Growth and mortality parameters indicated a slower growth in the Putumayo than in other Amazonian rivers and a relatively high exploitation rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832823
title: Defining the reproductive period of freshwater fish species using the Gonadosomatic Index: a proposed protocol applied to ten species of the Patos Lagoon basin

description: ABSTRACT This contribution records the reproductive periods of ten dominant freshwater fish species from the Patos Lagoon and Guaíba Lake (Astyanax fasciatus, Cyphocharax voga, Hoplias malabaricus, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Oligosarcus robustus, Hoplosternum littorale, Loricariichthys anus, Parapimelodus nigribarbis, Trachelyopterus lucenai, Pachyurus bonariensis). Data were derived from monthly samples in Casamento Lake (northern Patos Lagoon; Nov. 2002 to Apr. 2004) and Guaíba Lake (Jun. 2005 to May 2006). The reproductive period was determined according to the monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI). Fish reproduction was identified during all months of the year. Oligosarcus jenynsii started reproduction in winter, but extended spawning to spring (early warming-water reproduction). Three species also presented reproduction during warming water months, but beginning in spring and finishing in summer (late warm-water reproduction): P. nigribarbis, T. lucenai and P. bonariensis. Three species presented relatively short reproduction periods on summer (spotted warm-water reproduction): H. malabaricus, H. littorale and L. anus, and only one species reproduces almost continuously during warmer waters (long-season warm-water reproduction): A. fasciatus. Finally, two other species presented a very distinct reproductive pattern, starting reproduction on late summer but increasing GSI values along autumn and winter (long-season cooling-water reproducers): C. voga and O. robustus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832823.v1
title: Defining the reproductive period of freshwater fish species using the Gonadosomatic Index: a proposed protocol applied to ten species of the Patos Lagoon basin

description: ABSTRACT This contribution records the reproductive periods of ten dominant freshwater fish species from the Patos Lagoon and Guaíba Lake (Astyanax fasciatus, Cyphocharax voga, Hoplias malabaricus, Oligosarcus jenynsii, Oligosarcus robustus, Hoplosternum littorale, Loricariichthys anus, Parapimelodus nigribarbis, Trachelyopterus lucenai, Pachyurus bonariensis). Data were derived from monthly samples in Casamento Lake (northern Patos Lagoon; Nov. 2002 to Apr. 2004) and Guaíba Lake (Jun. 2005 to May 2006). The reproductive period was determined according to the monthly variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI). Fish reproduction was identified during all months of the year. Oligosarcus jenynsii started reproduction in winter, but extended spawning to spring (early warming-water reproduction). Three species also presented reproduction during warming water months, but beginning in spring and finishing in summer (late warm-water reproduction): P. nigribarbis, T. lucenai and P. bonariensis. Three species presented relatively short reproduction periods on summer (spotted warm-water reproduction): H. malabaricus, H. littorale and L. anus, and only one species reproduces almost continuously during warmer waters (long-season warm-water reproduction): A. fasciatus. Finally, two other species presented a very distinct reproductive pattern, starting reproduction on late summer but increasing GSI values along autumn and winter (long-season cooling-water reproducers): C. voga and O. robustus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832814
title: Analysis of behavior of beam-column assembly connection for precast concrete structures

description: Abstract The paper presents the evaluation of pinned connection between precast columns and beams, which can be used as temporary connections during the assembly phase. The use of a "U" shaped steel corbel embedded in the column and a hollow rectamgular steel hanger embedded in the beam, was the proposed model for the connection. The connection between the beam and the column was accomplished by the fitting of elements. To evaluate the structural behavior of connections components, steel corbel and steel hanger, a both analytical and experimental study was conducted. The experimental part included a structural frame, with the temporary connection in study, which was submitted to a test with static and monotonic loadings. The main experimental results were: a) the last bending moment for the steel corbel, in relation to the bending moment of plastification of the cross section, was 37.9% higher than the analytically determined value and, in relation to the bending moment at the beginning of steel yielding, the result obtained experimentally was 15.8% higher than the one determined analytically; b) the strength related to the bending moment at the beginning of steel yielding, for the steel ranger, was 61.1% higher than that determined analytically.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832811
title: Development of a comprehensive noninvasive prenatal test

description: Abstract Our aim was to develop and apply a comprehensive noninvasive prenatal test (NIPT) by using high-coverage targeted next-generation sequencing to estimate fetal fraction, determine fetal sex, and detect trisomy and monogenic disease without parental genotype information. We analyzed 45 pregnancies, 40 mock samples, and eight mother-child pairs to generate 35 simulated datasets. Fetal fraction (FF) was estimated based on analysis of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele fraction distribution. A Z-score was calculated for trisomy of chromosome 21 (T21), and fetal sex detection. Monogenic disease detection was performed through variant analysis. Model validation was performed using the simulated datasets. The novel model to estimate FF was robust and accurate (r2= 0.994, p-value &lt; 2.2e-16). For samples with FF &gt; 0.04, T21 detection had 100% sensitivity (95% CI: 63.06 to 100%) and 98.53% specificity (95% CI: 92.08 to 99.96%). Fetal sex was determined with 100% accuracy. We later performed a proof of concept for monogenic disease diagnosis of 5/7 skeletal dysplasia cases. In conclusion, it is feasible to perform a comprehensive NIPT by using only data from high coverage targeted sequencing, which, in addition to detecting trisomies, also make it possible to identify pathogenic variants of the candidate genes for monogenic diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832814.v1
title: Analysis of behavior of beam-column assembly connection for precast concrete structures

description: Abstract The paper presents the evaluation of pinned connection between precast columns and beams, which can be used as temporary connections during the assembly phase. The use of a "U" shaped steel corbel embedded in the column and a hollow rectamgular steel hanger embedded in the beam, was the proposed model for the connection. The connection between the beam and the column was accomplished by the fitting of elements. To evaluate the structural behavior of connections components, steel corbel and steel hanger, a both analytical and experimental study was conducted. The experimental part included a structural frame, with the temporary connection in study, which was submitted to a test with static and monotonic loadings. The main experimental results were: a) the last bending moment for the steel corbel, in relation to the bending moment of plastification of the cross section, was 37.9% higher than the analytically determined value and, in relation to the bending moment at the beginning of steel yielding, the result obtained experimentally was 15.8% higher than the one determined analytically; b) the strength related to the bending moment at the beginning of steel yielding, for the steel ranger, was 61.1% higher than that determined analytically.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832808
title: Fish diversity in the cascade of reservoirs along the Paranapanema River, southeast Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The Paranapanema River is a major tributary of the upper Paraná river basin. Eleven hydropower dams regulate its main course, but no study has investigated fish diversity in these impoundments at the basin-scale. The present study investigated spatial patterns of richness, composition, and abundance of native (non-migratory and migratory) and non-native fishes in the cascade of reservoirs along the Paranapanema River. The study is based on data collected from 34 independent studies conducted in nine reservoirs (47 samples). The compilation recorded 161 species, being 111 native (14 migratory) and 50 non-native. Total richness ranged between 56 and 112 species/reservoir, with a mean of 72 (49.9 non-migratory, 8.1 migratory and 14 non-native). The number of non-migratory species showed no spatial trend along the cascade system, but migratory and non-native richness increased toward downstream reaches. We also observed spatial variation in species composition along the cascade system, but some non-native fishes were widely distributed. Migratory fishes showed low relative abundance (usually &lt; 10%), while non-native species were common and more abundant, especially in reservoirs downstream. Our results revealed a high diversity of fishes in the cascade of impoundments, but indicated that migratory fishes are rare, while non-native species are common or dominant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832811.v1
title: Development of a comprehensive noninvasive prenatal test

description: Abstract Our aim was to develop and apply a comprehensive noninvasive prenatal test (NIPT) by using high-coverage targeted next-generation sequencing to estimate fetal fraction, determine fetal sex, and detect trisomy and monogenic disease without parental genotype information. We analyzed 45 pregnancies, 40 mock samples, and eight mother-child pairs to generate 35 simulated datasets. Fetal fraction (FF) was estimated based on analysis of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele fraction distribution. A Z-score was calculated for trisomy of chromosome 21 (T21), and fetal sex detection. Monogenic disease detection was performed through variant analysis. Model validation was performed using the simulated datasets. The novel model to estimate FF was robust and accurate (r2= 0.994, p-value &lt; 2.2e-16). For samples with FF &gt; 0.04, T21 detection had 100% sensitivity (95% CI: 63.06 to 100%) and 98.53% specificity (95% CI: 92.08 to 99.96%). Fetal sex was determined with 100% accuracy. We later performed a proof of concept for monogenic disease diagnosis of 5/7 skeletal dysplasia cases. In conclusion, it is feasible to perform a comprehensive NIPT by using only data from high coverage targeted sequencing, which, in addition to detecting trisomies, also make it possible to identify pathogenic variants of the candidate genes for monogenic diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832805
title: Activity of antioxidative enzymes in watercress and Chinese cabbage plants grown under hydroponic system with brackish water

description: ABSTRACT Underground water reserves in Semiarid Region present high salinity levels; however, scarcity of resource compels farmers to use this water for conventional agriculture. Biomass production and activity of the antioxidative defense system of Chinese cabbage and watercress were evaluated in plants grown under hydroponic NFT system with brackish water. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications and five water salinity levels (1.95; 3.37; 4.48; 6.82 and 7.51 dS m-1), obtained by an increasing addition of NaCl into the local water supply and nutrient salts for preparation of nutrient solution. Both watercress and Chinese cabbage plants decreased in fresh and dry shoot biomass, in relation to increase of salinity in solution, considering that these losses were marked in Chinese cabbage crop. The antioxidative defense system was activated in both evaluated species. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased their activity in relation to salinity increase in the solution. Watercress presented higher POD activity and was able to maintain catalase (CAT) and total phenols higher than control in most treatments, resulting in better adaptation to salt stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832808.v1
title: Fish diversity in the cascade of reservoirs along the Paranapanema River, southeast Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The Paranapanema River is a major tributary of the upper Paraná river basin. Eleven hydropower dams regulate its main course, but no study has investigated fish diversity in these impoundments at the basin-scale. The present study investigated spatial patterns of richness, composition, and abundance of native (non-migratory and migratory) and non-native fishes in the cascade of reservoirs along the Paranapanema River. The study is based on data collected from 34 independent studies conducted in nine reservoirs (47 samples). The compilation recorded 161 species, being 111 native (14 migratory) and 50 non-native. Total richness ranged between 56 and 112 species/reservoir, with a mean of 72 (49.9 non-migratory, 8.1 migratory and 14 non-native). The number of non-migratory species showed no spatial trend along the cascade system, but migratory and non-native richness increased toward downstream reaches. We also observed spatial variation in species composition along the cascade system, but some non-native fishes were widely distributed. Migratory fishes showed low relative abundance (usually &lt; 10%), while non-native species were common and more abundant, especially in reservoirs downstream. Our results revealed a high diversity of fishes in the cascade of impoundments, but indicated that migratory fishes are rare, while non-native species are common or dominant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832805.v1
title: Activity of antioxidative enzymes in watercress and Chinese cabbage plants grown under hydroponic system with brackish water

description: ABSTRACT Underground water reserves in Semiarid Region present high salinity levels; however, scarcity of resource compels farmers to use this water for conventional agriculture. Biomass production and activity of the antioxidative defense system of Chinese cabbage and watercress were evaluated in plants grown under hydroponic NFT system with brackish water. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications and five water salinity levels (1.95; 3.37; 4.48; 6.82 and 7.51 dS m-1), obtained by an increasing addition of NaCl into the local water supply and nutrient salts for preparation of nutrient solution. Both watercress and Chinese cabbage plants decreased in fresh and dry shoot biomass, in relation to increase of salinity in solution, considering that these losses were marked in Chinese cabbage crop. The antioxidative defense system was activated in both evaluated species. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) increased their activity in relation to salinity increase in the solution. Watercress presented higher POD activity and was able to maintain catalase (CAT) and total phenols higher than control in most treatments, resulting in better adaptation to salt stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832799
title: Dispersion of transposable elements and multigene families: Microstructural variation in Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) genomes

description: Abstract Eukaryotic genomes consist of several repetitive DNAs, including dispersed DNA sequences that move between chromosome sites, tandem repeats of DNA sequences, and multigene families. In this study, repeated sequences isolated from the genome of Characidium gomesi were analyzed and mapped to chromosomes in Characidium zebra and specimens from two populations of C. gomesi. The sequences were transposable elements (TEs) named retroelement of Xiphophorus (Rex); multigene families of U2 small nuclear RNA (U2 snRNA); and histones H1, H3, and H4. Sequence analyses revealed that U2 snRNA contains a major portion corresponding to the Tx1-type non-LTR retrotransposon Keno, the preferential insertion sites of which are U2 snRNA sequences. All histone sequences were found to be associated with TEs. In situ localization revealed that these DNA sequences are dispersed throughout the autosomes of the species, but they are not involved in differentiation of the specific region of the W sex chromosome in C. gomesi. We discuss mechanisms of TE invasion into multigene families that lead to microstructural variation in Characidium genomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832799.v1
title: Dispersion of transposable elements and multigene families: Microstructural variation in Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) genomes

description: Abstract Eukaryotic genomes consist of several repetitive DNAs, including dispersed DNA sequences that move between chromosome sites, tandem repeats of DNA sequences, and multigene families. In this study, repeated sequences isolated from the genome of Characidium gomesi were analyzed and mapped to chromosomes in Characidium zebra and specimens from two populations of C. gomesi. The sequences were transposable elements (TEs) named retroelement of Xiphophorus (Rex); multigene families of U2 small nuclear RNA (U2 snRNA); and histones H1, H3, and H4. Sequence analyses revealed that U2 snRNA contains a major portion corresponding to the Tx1-type non-LTR retrotransposon Keno, the preferential insertion sites of which are U2 snRNA sequences. All histone sequences were found to be associated with TEs. In situ localization revealed that these DNA sequences are dispersed throughout the autosomes of the species, but they are not involved in differentiation of the specific region of the W sex chromosome in C. gomesi. We discuss mechanisms of TE invasion into multigene families that lead to microstructural variation in Characidium genomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832796
title: Photodegradation Mechanisms on Poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)

description: Photodegradation of PCL was performed exposing injected specimens to ultraviolet radiation (UV-B) up to 9 weeks. Photodegradated PCL specimens were tested by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical properties, Optical Microscopy (MO) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).Upon exposure decrease in elongation at break and increase of elastic modulus were verified, higher degree of crystallinity was observed for longer exposure what can be due to the chemi-crystallization mechanism. From IR spectra new carbonyl group (C=O) peaks were observed. Presence of micro cracks on specimens’ surface was identified by MO. From morphological analyses is suggested that the photodegradation in PCL takes place by bulk erosion mechanism.