cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/88hd-bx96
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kim - Halla Mountain - ABKO - ITRDB KORE005

description: Annual rings from trees have been used to infer past climate variability beyond the observational records. Here, we assess if two conifer species from the humid subtropical island of Jeju, South Korea, can be used as proxies for past regional climate variability and large-scale ocean current variability, such as the Kuroshio Current, over the Western North Pacific. Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora) and Korean fir (Abies koreana) were sampled close to their altitudinal limits of distribution on the southern slopes of the volcano Mt. Halla at 1320 m and 1640 m a.s.l., respectively. Comparison with climate variables from nearby meteorological stations indicated a significant positive association between temperature in January/April and Korean red pine growth, which suggests that the red pine can be used to reconstruct mid-winter/spring temperatures back in time. Positive correlations were also found between the tree-ring growth and October (for Korean fir) and January (for Korean red pine) precipitation. Moreover, pine tree growth showed significant multi-month associations with sea surface temperatures over the Western North Pacific and variability of the Kuroshio Extension. The results suggest that subtropical trees from South Korea can be used as indicators of past climate variability on local to regional scales, and possibly also to infer the past variability of the Kuroshio Current in the Western North Pacific.
description: Tree-ring width measurement file from Halla Mountain, South Korea for the period 1944 to 2016. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.19883.23840
title: STEM Today , October 2016 , No.13
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.31941.86248
title: Supplementary Data for Advanced Spectroscopic Analyses on a:C-H Materials: Revisiting the EELS Characterization and its Coupling with multi-wavelength Raman Spectroscopy
DOI: 10.25921/859k-9189
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - LOVECLIM 1.0 2000 Year Climate Model Simulation

description: An ensemble of simulations performed with a coarse resolution 3-D climate model driven by various combinations of external forcing is used to investigate possible causes for differences noticed in two recent simulations of the climate of the past millennium using General Circulation Models (GCMs). Our results strongly suggest that differences in sensitivity (equilibrium and transient climate response) could be responsible for temperature changes that differ by more than a factor of two between two models. In addition, the spin-up procedure could explain some differences between the simulations during the first centuries of the second millennium. The choice of the forcing reconstruction is found to play a smaller role for the differences in the simulated climate, in the model configurations analyzed here. Furthermore, at decadal scale, internal climate variability can mask the differences associated with different forcing reconstructions.
description: We have performed simulations with the LOVECLIM climate model over the period covering the period 1-2000 AD driven by anthropogenic and natural forcing. The data corresponds to the first member of the ensemble that is used in standard analyses but other members are available upon request. In the original paper the model is called ECBILT-VECODE-CLIO but we have applied here the new name of the model LOVECLIM for easier comparison with more recent simulations. 

Two data file are available. 
1) ts_LOVECLIM_EXP_D2000.nc 
includes monthly mean temperatures on a Gaussian 62 x 32 grid. The data is in netCDF format and contains one variable, ts, the surface temperature in the model in °C for the period 1AD-2000AD. 
2) SST_LOVECLIM_EXP_D2000.nc 
includes monthly mean temperatures interpolated on a regular 120 X 60 grid (i.e 3° by 3° grid). The data is in netCDF format 
and contains one variable, sst, the sea surface temperature in the model in °C for the period 1AD-2000AD.
DOI: 10.25921/8cr5-f916
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kenigsberg - Hot Creek - ABLA - ITRDB CANA368

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/86by-pj08
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Greenland 800 Year Temperature Anomalies

description: The surface temperature of the Greenland ice sheet is among the most important climate variables for assessing how climate change may impact human societies due to its association with sea level rise. However, the causes of multidecadal-to-centennial temperature changes in Greenland temperatures are not well understood, largely owing to short observational records. To examine these, we calculated the Greenland temperature anomalies (GTA[G-NH]) over the past 800 yr by subtracting the standardized northern hemispheric (NH) temperature from the standardized Greenland temperature. This decomposes the Greenland temperature variation into background climate (NH); polar amplification; and regional variability (GTA[G-NH]). The central Greenland polar amplification factor as expressed by the variance ratio Greenland/NH is 2.6 over the past 161 yr, and 3.3-4.2 over the past 800 yr. The GTA[G-NH] explains 31-35% of the variation of Greenland temperature in the multidecadal-to-centennial time scale over the past 800 yr. We found that the GTA[G-NH] has been influenced by solar-induced changes in atmospheric circulation patterns such as those produced by the North Atlantic Oscillation/Arctic Oscillation (NAO/AO). Climate modeling and proxy temperature records indicate that the anomaly is also likely linked to solar-paced changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and associated changes in northward oceanic heat transport.
description: Standardized 800 Year Greenland Temperature and Greenland Temperature Plus Anomalies (GTA and GTP).  
 Greenland temperature variation was decomposed into three factors: background climate (NH); polar amplification 
 factor (the ratio of the standard deviations for Greenland and NH temperatures); and regional variability (GTA[G-NH]).  
 For the NH temperature, two proxy-based reconstructions by Moberg et al. (2005) and Mann et al. (2009) were used. 
For Greenland temperature, we used a recently developed record of the temperature at Summit that was reconstructed 
from air trapped in the GISP2 ice core (Kobashi et al., 2010).  Greenland temperatures are found to deviate from 
North Hemispheric temperature trend by solar variability, and may relate with the North Atlantic Oscillation Index. 
 We calculated a second principal component of the two time series, "GTP[G-NH]" (Greenland temperature plus = 
standardized Greenland temperature + standardized NH temperature). GTP[G-NH] can be used to investigate inphase 
climate signals in the two time series.
DOI: 10.25921/820f-1785
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Eastern North America 18,000 Year Vegetation Mapping

description: The method of modern analogs and an extensive data base of modern and fossil pollen data were used to generate a new series of paleovegetation maps for eastern North America spanning the past 18 ka. The maps illustrate the continuous nature of climate-induced vegetation change and the development, after about 10 ka, of modern regional vegetation patterns. Before the Holocene, vegetation biomes without modern analogs were widespread in response to climate conditions without modern analogs and, to a lesser extent, to the rapidity of climate change over the last glacial-interglacial transition. This geological perspective suggests that possible future climate changes could force similarly complex changes in natural vegetation, including the development of biomes without modern analogs.
description: These maps are based on 11,700 fossil pollen samples and 1744 modern pollen samples. Twenty-one pollen taxa were included in analyses: Alnus, Fraxinum, Populus, Tilia, Fagus, Betula, Ulmus, Abies, Celtis, Corylus, Tsuga, Carya, Ostrya/Carpinus, Quercus, Pinus, Prairie, Cyperaceae, Picea, Liquidambar, Platanus, and Juglans.

Analog/no anolog vegetation types were assigned to a 100x100km at 1000 year intervals using a three dimensional, time-space, interpolation scheme. To generate maps the paleocoast line/ocean and Laurentide Ice Sheet were overlain to mask out appropriate portions of equal area grid boxes.

Age estimates are based on uncalibrated radiocarbon dates.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.29687.42404
title: Source code for impedance fitting by R
DOI: 10.25921/885j-c472
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Voelker - MOFEP Site 3 - QUVE - ITRDB MO062

description: Despite experimental evidence showing that elevated CO2 levels increase growth in most plants, the isolation of a signal consistent with anthropogenically caused increases in atmospheric CO2 from the dendrochronological record has shown mixed results. Our extensive sets of tree ring data from the Ozark Mountains in Missouri showed that since 1850, Quercus velutina Lam., Quercus coccinea Muench., and Pinus echinata Mill. trees increased in stem growth coincidently with increases in atmospheric CO2. Those long-term increases in radial growth appear unrelated to historical disturbance levels for the region, to long-term changes in relevant climatic variables, or to productivity of sites sampled for the purpose of creating a time sequence of tree ring growth. It is still unclear what the potential role of nitrogen deposition might have been for tree growth. We cross-dated a large number of increment cores and aligned the ring width data by pith date for accurate age constant assessments of growth over the past 150 years. Thus, we circumvented changes in growth trend associated with differences in physiological functioning during development, as well as the need for statistical detrending that removes an unknown degree of long-term environmental signal, the so called segment length curse that applies to standard dendrochronological investigations. When the positive relationship between CO2 and ring width was examined at different ages, an ontogenetic decline in the rate of growth stimulation was found. Specifically, both the pooled Quercus spp. and P. echinata were characterized by a negative exponential pattern of response over a developmental sequence through age 50. Further knowledge of an intrinsic decline in CO2 sensitivity with tree age or size such as this may be important for increased accuracy in estimating terrestrial carbon stocks across successional landscapes.
description: Cores Stored at:
# Oregon State University
# 
# Data were collected on tagged trees from MOFEP plots that were 
# dominated by black oak, scarlet oak and shortleaf pine. The trees were 
# dominant or co-dominant. Each series ID represents the site (first 
# digit) plot (second two digits) and tree (last three digits). NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.

# Publication DOI: 10.1890/0012-9615(2006)076[0549:HCGEDW]2.0.CO;2
DOI: 10.25921/8kz8-v888
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Iberian Margin 420KYr Geochemical and Color Variations Data

description: Here we report 420 kyr long records of sediment geochemical and color variations from the southwestern Iberian Margin. We synchronized the Iberian Margin sediment record to Antarctic ice cores and speleothem records on millennial time scales and investigated the phase responses relative to orbital forcing of multiple proxy records available from these cores. Iberian Margin sediments contain strong precession power. Sediment "redness" (a* and 570-560 nm) and the ratio of long-chain alcohols to n-alkanes (C26OH/(C26OH + C29)) are highly coherent and in-phase with precession. Redder layers and more oxidizing conditions (low alcohol ratio) occur near precession minima (summer insolation maxima). We suggest these proxies respond rapidly to low-latitude insolation forcing by wind-driven processes (e.g., dust transport, upwelling, precipitation). Most Iberian Margin sediment parameters lag obliquity maxima by 7-8 ka, indicating a consistent linear response to insolation forcing at obliquity frequencies driven mainly by high-latitude processes. Although the lengths of the time series are short (420 ka) for detecting 100 kyr eccentricity cycles, the phase relationships support those obtained by Shackleton [2000]. Antarctic temperature and the Iberian Margin alcohol ratios (C26OH/(C26OH + C29)) lead eccentricity maxima by 6 kyr, with lower ratios (increased oxygenation) occurring at eccentricity maxima. CO2, CH4, and Iberian SST are nearly in phase with eccentricity, and minimum ice volume (as inferred from Pacific d18Oseawater) lags eccentricity maxima by 10 kyr. The phase relationships derived in this study continue to support a potential role of the Earth's carbon cycle in contributing to the 100 kyr cycle.
description: Sediment geochemical data and color variations from 2 marine sediment cores collected along the southwestern Iberian Margin.
DOI: 10.25921/83vr-2n26
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bigelow - Plumas County - PILA - ITRDB CA684

description: Large trees (>76 cm breast-height diameter) are vital components of Sierra Nevada/Cascades mixed-conifer ecosystems because of their fire resistance, ability to sequester large amounts of carbon, and role as preferred habitat for sensitive species such as the California spotted owl. To investigate the likely performance of large trees in a rapidly changing climate, we analyzed growth rings of five conifer species against 20th century climate trends from local weather stations. Over the local station period of record, there were no temporal trends in precipitation, but maximum temperatures increased by 0.10 to 0.13C/decade (summer and autumn), and minimum temperatures increased by 0.11 to 0.19C/decade in all seasons. All species responded positively to precipitation, but more variation was explained by a significant positive response to minimum winter temperatures. High maximum summer temperature adversely affected growth of two species, and maximum spring temperatures in the year prior to ring formation were negatively associated with growth of one species. The strong coherent response to increasing minimum temperatures bodes well for growth of large trees in Sierra/Cascades region mixed conifer forest under continued climatic warming, but these trees will still be under threat by the increased fire intensity that is a indirect effect of warming.
description: Purpose of Collection:
# Ecology
# Cores Stored at:
# Malcolm North lab, UC Davis
# Notes:
# Data collected at 17 sites in Plumas county. Locations available upon 
# request to S. Bigelow. Data collected to determine tree growth response 
# with respect to climate. Detrended with spline removing 50at 2/3 series 
# length. Residual chronology prewhitened, means obtained with Tukey's 
# Biweight robust mean. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the USGS Elevation Point Query Service (epqs) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/8q1d-5789
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Youngblut - Trout Lake - PIAL - ITRDB CANA403

description: We present a network of thirteen annual ring-width chronologies from high elevation whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) sites in the western Canadian Cordillera in order to assess the dendroclimatic potential of this long-lived tree species. The temperature signal within the chronologies is complex and strongly influenced by diverging trends in the summer temperature and ring-width records from across the region. A first differences transformation of the tree-ring and temperature records illustrates a loss of frequency coherence in growth response to summer temperatures following reduced radial growth in the 1950s. Prior to reduced growth, we note a positive association with summer temperatures for both first differenced (rd = 0.60) and traditional (r = 0.50) records. Following reduced growth, the association at first differences is maintained (rd = 0.49) whereas there is a change in the lower frequency component of tree growth response to summer temperatures (r = -0.34). We suggest the cause of this reduced temperature sensitivity is related to the interaction between diurnal temperature and cloud cover patterns, the hydrological regime of snowpack, and site conditions which have been amenable to the initiation of moisture stress during the latter half of the 20th century. Reduced radial growth is coincident with the arrival of white pine blister rust (Cronatium ribicola J.C. Fisch. ex Raben) into the study region which suggests this infestation may be related to the observed reduction in radial growth. Whitebark pine has considerable potential for the field of dendroclimatology. Unfortunately, the decline of the species due to the combined effects of climate change, white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopk.), and forest fire exclusion practices indicate this potential may remain unfulfilled.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/8dre-1881
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kelly fire data from Lucky Lake, Yukon Flats, Alaska - IMPD USLUL008

description: Wildfire activity in boreal forests is anticipated to increase dramatically, with far-reaching ecological and socioeconomic consequences. Paleorecords are indispensible for elucidating boreal fire regime dynamics under changing climate, because fire return intervals and successional cycles in these ecosystems occur over decadal to centennial timescales. We present charcoal records from 14 lakes in the Yukon Flats of interior Alaska, one of the most flammable ecoregions of the boreal forest biome, to infer causes and consequences of fire regime change over the past 10,000 y. Strong correspondence between charcoal-inferred and observational fire records shows the fidelity of sedimentary charcoal records as archives of past fire regimes. Fire frequency and area burned increased ~6,000–3,000 y ago, probably as a result of elevated landscape flammability associated with increased Picea mariana in the regional vegetation. During the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; ~1,000–500 cal B.P.), the period most similar to recent decades, warm and dry climatic conditions resulted in peak biomass burning, but severe fires favored less-flammable deciduous vegetation, such that fire frequency remained relatively stationary. These results suggest that boreal forests can sustain high severity fire regimes for centuries under warm and dry conditions, with vegetation feedbacks modulating climate–fire linkages. The apparent limit to MCA burning has been surpassed by the regional fire regime of recent decades, which is characterized by exceptionally high fire frequency and biomass burning. This extreme combination suggests a transition to a unique regime of unprecedented fire activity. However, vegetation dynamics similar to feedbacks that occurred during the MCA may stabilize the fire regime, despite additional warming.
description: Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >180 microns) from Lucky Lake #13 sediments Yukon Flats, Alaska; 
Entity name, LU08 (Internal lab code); 
Contact person, Kelly R.; 
Sampling date, 2008-07-19;
Sampling device, All cores were taken with a combination of 7.5 cm livingstone, 5 cm livingstone, and 7.5 cm polycarbonate tube;
Water depth(cm), 1750;
Sample storage, All cores have archive halves intact, and working halves sliced at 0.25-cm resolution. These are kept at 4°C in the Hu Lab, University of Illinois, Urbana.;
Analysis method, Macroscopic charcoal counts. Please see Kelly et al. 2013 for details;
Location Description, Yukon Flats Alaska;
DOI: 10.25921/8ym6-2t26
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - King - Mammoth Peak Yosemite National Park - PIAL - CA605, PAGES North America 2K Version

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
DOI: 10.25921/8h54-5534
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Fischer - Nordrhein-Westfalen/Haiger-Siegerland drh04 - PCAB - ITRDB GERM192

description: An improved understanding of the spatiotemporal climate/growth relationship of our forests is of particular importance for assessing the consequences of climate warming. A total of 67 stands of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and spruce (Picea abies Karst.) from sites located in the transition zone from the lowlands to the low mountain ranges of West Germany have been analysed. A combination of pointer year and cluster analysis was used to find groups with similar growth anomaly patterns over the 1941-2000 period. Shifted reaction patterns especially characterise differences in the growth behaviour of the clusters. These are controlled by different reactions to the climate conditions in winter and spring and are determined by a complex system of forcing factors. Results of this study reflect the enormous importance of the length of the growing season. Increasing the duration of the vegetation period climate warming can change the climate/growth relationship of trees, thereby confounding climate reconstructions which use tree rings. Since forcing factors have been detected that are more important than the tree species, we recommend the application of growth-specific approaches for the analysis of tree species' vulnerability to climate.
description: Purpose of Collection:
# climate/growth relationship NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.