cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273232
title: Toxicity of Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil and citral for Spodoptera frugiperda

description: ABSTRACT Fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous insect responsible for damage to several crops. Synthetic chemical insecticides and genetically modified plants are the most commonly used methods for FAW control. However, the selection of resistant populations has been reported in several studies, justifying the search for new molecules to be used in the control of S. frugiperda. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil (LEO) and its major component (citral) in relation to FAW. Additionally, the anticholinesterase activity of LEO and citral was evaluated using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from Electrophorus electricus. The LEO was toxic to FAW when added to an artificial diet (LC50 = 1.35 mg mL-1) at the highest concentrations tested, and the median lethal time (LT50) was 18.85 h. Major components of LEO were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and citral, the most abundant component, was used in FAW bioassays. The insecticidal activity of citral was statistically similar to that of LEO, demonstrating that citral was responsible for the insecticidal activity of LEO. Inhibition of AChE was measured, and the mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for LEO and citral were 650- and 405-fold higher, respectively, than that verified for the positive control (methomyl insecticide), suggesting selectivity for non-target organisms. Based on these results, citral and C. flexuosus have the potential to be applied in the development of new products for the control of S. frugiperda.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273235.v1
title: Health Comprehensiveness in Medical Education in Brazil: State of the Question

description: ABSTRACT Medical education has been leading important transformations in the initial decades of the 21st century in Brazil, seeking to redirect the training offered, in order to meet the principles and guidelines of the Sistema Único de Saúde [Unified Health System] – the universal national health system of Brazil. The main goal of this study is to investigate comprehensiveness as a guiding axis of graduate-level medical teaching in Brazil, seeking to contribute to discussions on the subject. This is a literature review, inspired by the state of the question approach, which proposes to conduct a targeted bibliographic mapping in order to identify, enhance and highlight the specificity and relevance of the research object. The research was carried out in the second half of 2017, on the databases SciELO and Lilacs, using the search terms “Medical education” and “Comprehensiveness in Health”. As inclusion criteria, only scientific articles published in the period 2007 to 2017 were selected. Based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria, five articles were selected to compose the research data. The analysis and interpretation was based on the analysis of thematic content, resulting in three categories: polysemy and integrality polyphony, contribution of the notion of competence to comprehensiveness, and comprehensiveness as a permanent goal of care and teaching. The results indicate that medical students have difficulty conceptualizing comprehensiveness in its broader sense, limiting their understanding to the sense of “comprehensive care”; teachers also find it difficult to work comprehensively in their teaching. However, in courses with competency-oriented curricula, as recommended by the National Curricular Guidelines for the medical course, comprehensiveness is more prevalent in the theory-practice relationship; Finally, comprehensiveness is seen by the authors as a permanent search to guide the medical training since graduation. These results demonstrate that there is interest and concern in training medical professionals to meet the health needs of individuals and populations, based on a comprehensive, theoretical and practical understanding of comprehensiveness.
DOI: 10.7284/127884
title: GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) data collected during research cruise SAV-17-18 using a Furuno GP-90 instrument system onboard the platform RV Savannah

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273232.v1
title: Toxicity of Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil and citral for Spodoptera frugiperda

description: ABSTRACT Fall armyworm (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous insect responsible for damage to several crops. Synthetic chemical insecticides and genetically modified plants are the most commonly used methods for FAW control. However, the selection of resistant populations has been reported in several studies, justifying the search for new molecules to be used in the control of S. frugiperda. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) essential oil (LEO) and its major component (citral) in relation to FAW. Additionally, the anticholinesterase activity of LEO and citral was evaluated using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from Electrophorus electricus. The LEO was toxic to FAW when added to an artificial diet (LC50 = 1.35 mg mL-1) at the highest concentrations tested, and the median lethal time (LT50) was 18.85 h. Major components of LEO were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and citral, the most abundant component, was used in FAW bioassays. The insecticidal activity of citral was statistically similar to that of LEO, demonstrating that citral was responsible for the insecticidal activity of LEO. Inhibition of AChE was measured, and the mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for LEO and citral were 650- and 405-fold higher, respectively, than that verified for the positive control (methomyl insecticide), suggesting selectivity for non-target organisms. Based on these results, citral and C. flexuosus have the potential to be applied in the development of new products for the control of S. frugiperda.
DOI: 10.7284/127885
title: Gyrocompass data collected during research cruise SAV-17-18 using a Yokogawa CMZ700B instrument system onboard the platform RV Savannah

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273220
title: The composition and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in karst soils and roots collected from mulberry of different ages

description: ABSTRACT: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been attracted more scientific attentions due to its critical role in enhancement of drought tolerance of plants for growth and vegetation restoration in karst fragile ecosystem. However, scientists know little about the AMF composition and diversity occurring in root systems of mulberry (Morus sp.), and in karst habitats which return land use from mulberry forestry, as well as the effects of soil environment change on the diversity of the AMF communities. To understand: (1) the AMF community composition and diversity at different stage of returning cropland to forest; and (2) the effects of soil environment change on the diversity of the AMF communities, soil and mulberry root samples were collected from Bijie and Libo sites, China, which experienced one and ten years, respectively, after returning croplands to forest. With the high throughput 454-sequencing technology, 8 known genera including 83 virtual species were distinguished and the genera Glomus, Paraglomus, Archaeospora and Diversispora were found to be dominant in soil and root sample. Compared to the samples in Libo, the genera Glomus, Paraglomus, Acaulospora and Claroideoglomus in root samples at Bijie site had a relatively abundance of species indicating that the returning cropland to forest is benefit to the AMF diversity and abundance, which was attribute to the variation of soil physiochemical properties. This conclusion is of great significance for guiding the return of farmland to forests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273226
title: Cooperative Learning and the Training of the Physicians through Active Methodologies: Views of Students and Teachers

description: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION In order to acquire the medical skills recommended by the National Curricular Guidelines, academic institutions in the area of heath have looked for new strategies. In this context, it is seen that cooperative learning, when stimulated in the framework of active teaching-learning methodologies, can bring important advantages for medical training. The general objective of this study was to explore students’ and teachers’ views on cooperative learning in a medical curriculum based on active methods (Problem Based-Learning and Investigation). The specific objectives were: to investigate the benefits of cooperation in small groups of students, and to identify the needs for teachers to adapt their practices when working with these small groups. METHODS This is a descriptive, quantitative and qualitative study, with the application of questionnaires and semi structured interviews to students in the first to fourth years of medical school, and teachers participating in tutorials and pedagogical cycles. The data from the questionnaires were arranged in tables and evaluated through a Likert scale. The interviews were recorded and transcribed for subsequent grouping of cores of meaning for content analysis, thematic modality. The research was supported by Pibic/CNP, with process number 115007/2016-4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Regarding the student’s profile, the majority were aged between 22 and 25 years, female, and White. Regarding the teachers’ profile, 85% had graduated by the traditional method, with 16 to 30 years since graduating,15 to 21 years of working with active methods, and 92% with postgraduate degrees. The quantitative and qualitative results were convergent; the students and teachers presented analogous conceptions about the benefits ofcooperative learning in small groups, believing that communication skills, critical thinking, positive interdependence, advance toward teamwork, and the acquisition of cognitive knowledge are guaranteed in this process. It was also observed that as the students moved up through the grades, their views changed slightly in relation to several questions. This may be realted to the extra maturity that comes with the passage of years, but it is largely due to the experience withactive methods. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS Cooperative learning is efficient within small groups. It brings social, cognitive and psychomotor benefits, and it is favored in the area of active methodologies with lifelong learning. The results of this study could be useful for providing guidance to managers and coordinators of other medical courses seeking to use active methodologies, or even for those that already use them.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273220.v1
title: The composition and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in karst soils and roots collected from mulberry of different ages

description: ABSTRACT: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been attracted more scientific attentions due to its critical role in enhancement of drought tolerance of plants for growth and vegetation restoration in karst fragile ecosystem. However, scientists know little about the AMF composition and diversity occurring in root systems of mulberry (Morus sp.), and in karst habitats which return land use from mulberry forestry, as well as the effects of soil environment change on the diversity of the AMF communities. To understand: (1) the AMF community composition and diversity at different stage of returning cropland to forest; and (2) the effects of soil environment change on the diversity of the AMF communities, soil and mulberry root samples were collected from Bijie and Libo sites, China, which experienced one and ten years, respectively, after returning croplands to forest. With the high throughput 454-sequencing technology, 8 known genera including 83 virtual species were distinguished and the genera Glomus, Paraglomus, Archaeospora and Diversispora were found to be dominant in soil and root sample. Compared to the samples in Libo, the genera Glomus, Paraglomus, Acaulospora and Claroideoglomus in root samples at Bijie site had a relatively abundance of species indicating that the returning cropland to forest is benefit to the AMF diversity and abundance, which was attribute to the variation of soil physiochemical properties. This conclusion is of great significance for guiding the return of farmland to forests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273226.v1
title: Cooperative Learning and the Training of the Physicians through Active Methodologies: Views of Students and Teachers

description: ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION In order to acquire the medical skills recommended by the National Curricular Guidelines, academic institutions in the area of heath have looked for new strategies. In this context, it is seen that cooperative learning, when stimulated in the framework of active teaching-learning methodologies, can bring important advantages for medical training. The general objective of this study was to explore students’ and teachers’ views on cooperative learning in a medical curriculum based on active methods (Problem Based-Learning and Investigation). The specific objectives were: to investigate the benefits of cooperation in small groups of students, and to identify the needs for teachers to adapt their practices when working with these small groups. METHODS This is a descriptive, quantitative and qualitative study, with the application of questionnaires and semi structured interviews to students in the first to fourth years of medical school, and teachers participating in tutorials and pedagogical cycles. The data from the questionnaires were arranged in tables and evaluated through a Likert scale. The interviews were recorded and transcribed for subsequent grouping of cores of meaning for content analysis, thematic modality. The research was supported by Pibic/CNP, with process number 115007/2016-4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Regarding the student’s profile, the majority were aged between 22 and 25 years, female, and White. Regarding the teachers’ profile, 85% had graduated by the traditional method, with 16 to 30 years since graduating,15 to 21 years of working with active methods, and 92% with postgraduate degrees. The quantitative and qualitative results were convergent; the students and teachers presented analogous conceptions about the benefits ofcooperative learning in small groups, believing that communication skills, critical thinking, positive interdependence, advance toward teamwork, and the acquisition of cognitive knowledge are guaranteed in this process. It was also observed that as the students moved up through the grades, their views changed slightly in relation to several questions. This may be realted to the extra maturity that comes with the passage of years, but it is largely due to the experience withactive methods. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS Cooperative learning is efficient within small groups. It brings social, cognitive and psychomotor benefits, and it is favored in the area of active methodologies with lifelong learning. The results of this study could be useful for providing guidance to managers and coordinators of other medical courses seeking to use active methodologies, or even for those that already use them.
DOI: 10.7284/127882
title: Meteorological Station data collected during research cruise SAV-17-18 using a RM Young 26800 instrument system onboard the platform RV Savannah

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.7284/127889
title: CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) data collected during research cruise SAV-17-21 using a Sea-Bird SBE-25 instrument system onboard the platform RV Savannah

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273208
title: Epidemiological and imaging features that can affect the detection of ureterolithiasis on ultrasound

description: Abstract Objective: To identify, in patients with clinical suspicion of ureterolithiasis, epidemiological and imaging features that affect calculus detection on ultrasound, as well as to compare ultrasound with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Materials and Methods: We searched our database for patients who underwent ultrasound, followed by MDCT (if the ultrasound was negative), for suspected ureterolithiasis in an emergency setting. Patients were divided into three groups: positive ultrasound (US+); negative ultrasound/positive MDCT (US−/MDCT+); and negative ultrasound/negative MDCT (US−/MDCT−). We evaluated age, gender, ureterolithiasis laterality, location of the calculus within the ureter, body mass index, calculus diameter, and calculus attenuation on MDCT. Results: Of a total of 292 cases of suspected ureterolithiasis, 155 (53.1%) were in the US+ group, 46 (15.7%) were in the US−/MDCT+ group, and 91 (31.2%) were in the US−/MDCT− group. There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of age, gender, ureterolithiasis laterality, and mean MDCT attenuation values. Distal ureterolithiasis was most common in the US+ group, and calculi at other ureteral locations were more common in the US−/MDCT+ group. The mean body mass index was significantly higher in the US−/MDCT+ group than in the US+ group, and the mean calculus diameter was significantly greater in the US+ group than in the US−/MDCT+ group. Conclusion: A high body mass index, large calculus diameter, and calculus location in the distal third of the ureter are the major factors favoring ureterolithiasis detection on ultrasound.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273211
title: CHILDREN WITH ADHD SHOWN DIFFERENT ALPHA, BETA AND SMR EEG BANDS DURING HABIL MOTOR TASKS WITH HIGH ATTENTION DEMAND

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: ADHD probably affects more than 50% of schoolchildren, yet although characteristics such as inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsiveness are clear, electrophysiological brain behavior during motor activity is not fully understood. Objective: To investigate alpha, beta, and SMR band patterns on the EEG in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during attention-demanding motor skills tasks. Methods: Fourteen children with a mean age of 9.64±1.74 years divided into diagnosed and undiagnosed with ADHD underwent an EEG at rest and during task performance with attentional demand. Alpha, SMR and beta waves were observed on the EEG. Data were evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test in order to determine data normality. ONE WAY ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to determine intragroup and intergroup differences, and the Pearson (r) and Spearman (p) correlations were used to determine correlations. All treatments had a significance of 5%. Results: The ADHD and N-ADHD groups showed no difference in cortical alpha, beta and SMR bands at rest, but there were differences in cortical behavior during activity. The cortical activity correlation coefficient (0.30) differed from undiagnosed children (0.70). Conclusion: The ADHD group had a low correlation coefficient between rest and activity, contrary to the N-ADHD group. In the intergroup comparison, ADHD had higher alpha, beta and SMR band output power during the same high attentional task when compared with N-ADHD. Level of Evidence III.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273208.v1
title: Epidemiological and imaging features that can affect the detection of ureterolithiasis on ultrasound

description: Abstract Objective: To identify, in patients with clinical suspicion of ureterolithiasis, epidemiological and imaging features that affect calculus detection on ultrasound, as well as to compare ultrasound with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Materials and Methods: We searched our database for patients who underwent ultrasound, followed by MDCT (if the ultrasound was negative), for suspected ureterolithiasis in an emergency setting. Patients were divided into three groups: positive ultrasound (US+); negative ultrasound/positive MDCT (US−/MDCT+); and negative ultrasound/negative MDCT (US−/MDCT−). We evaluated age, gender, ureterolithiasis laterality, location of the calculus within the ureter, body mass index, calculus diameter, and calculus attenuation on MDCT. Results: Of a total of 292 cases of suspected ureterolithiasis, 155 (53.1%) were in the US+ group, 46 (15.7%) were in the US−/MDCT+ group, and 91 (31.2%) were in the US−/MDCT− group. There were no significant differences among the groups in terms of age, gender, ureterolithiasis laterality, and mean MDCT attenuation values. Distal ureterolithiasis was most common in the US+ group, and calculi at other ureteral locations were more common in the US−/MDCT+ group. The mean body mass index was significantly higher in the US−/MDCT+ group than in the US+ group, and the mean calculus diameter was significantly greater in the US+ group than in the US−/MDCT+ group. Conclusion: A high body mass index, large calculus diameter, and calculus location in the distal third of the ureter are the major factors favoring ureterolithiasis detection on ultrasound.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273211.v1
title: CHILDREN WITH ADHD SHOWN DIFFERENT ALPHA, BETA AND SMR EEG BANDS DURING HABIL MOTOR TASKS WITH HIGH ATTENTION DEMAND

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: ADHD probably affects more than 50% of schoolchildren, yet although characteristics such as inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsiveness are clear, electrophysiological brain behavior during motor activity is not fully understood. Objective: To investigate alpha, beta, and SMR band patterns on the EEG in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) during attention-demanding motor skills tasks. Methods: Fourteen children with a mean age of 9.64±1.74 years divided into diagnosed and undiagnosed with ADHD underwent an EEG at rest and during task performance with attentional demand. Alpha, SMR and beta waves were observed on the EEG. Data were evaluated using the Shapiro-Wilk test in order to determine data normality. ONE WAY ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to determine intragroup and intergroup differences, and the Pearson (r) and Spearman (p) correlations were used to determine correlations. All treatments had a significance of 5%. Results: The ADHD and N-ADHD groups showed no difference in cortical alpha, beta and SMR bands at rest, but there were differences in cortical behavior during activity. The cortical activity correlation coefficient (0.30) differed from undiagnosed children (0.70). Conclusion: The ADHD group had a low correlation coefficient between rest and activity, contrary to the N-ADHD group. In the intergroup comparison, ADHD had higher alpha, beta and SMR band output power during the same high attentional task when compared with N-ADHD. Level of Evidence III.