cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7418543
title: Prevalence and associated factors with Neospora caninum infection in female water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Pernambuco, Brazil

description: Abstract Neosporosis is one of the major parasitic diseases that causes reproductive problems, making it a limitation for optimal efficiency in livestock. The aim of the present study was to conduct a seroepidemiological survey for bubaline neosporosis and to analyse associated factors associated with N. caninum infection in female water buffaloes in the State of Pernambuco, northeast Brazil. The prevalence of N. caninum infection in the bubaline herds examined was 35.4% (122/345; 95% CI: 30.4%-40.7%), at least 1 Neospora-positive animal was found in each farm. Associated factors for N. caninum infection identified in this study were exclusive pasture feeding (OR: 5.91, p &lt;0.001) and purchase of animals of free fair and from reputable sellers (OR: 1.85; p =0.045). In this survey, we document the occurrence of neosporosis in female water buffaloes. Associated factors should be controlled in order to reduce the risk of N. caninum infection in these herds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7418543.v1
title: Prevalence and associated factors with Neospora caninum infection in female water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Pernambuco, Brazil

description: Abstract Neosporosis is one of the major parasitic diseases that causes reproductive problems, making it a limitation for optimal efficiency in livestock. The aim of the present study was to conduct a seroepidemiological survey for bubaline neosporosis and to analyse associated factors associated with N. caninum infection in female water buffaloes in the State of Pernambuco, northeast Brazil. The prevalence of N. caninum infection in the bubaline herds examined was 35.4% (122/345; 95% CI: 30.4%-40.7%), at least 1 Neospora-positive animal was found in each farm. Associated factors for N. caninum infection identified in this study were exclusive pasture feeding (OR: 5.91, p &lt;0.001) and purchase of animals of free fair and from reputable sellers (OR: 1.85; p =0.045). In this survey, we document the occurrence of neosporosis in female water buffaloes. Associated factors should be controlled in order to reduce the risk of N. caninum infection in these herds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7418552
title: Neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells in the intestinal wall of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum

description: Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by the protozoa Leishmania infantum and can cause an inflammatory reaction in the gastrointestinal tract, however the role of granulocytic cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells) in the intestine of dogs infected is not fully understood. We performed a quantitative analysis these cells in the intestinal wall of dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Twenty dogs were assigned to one of three groups: group 1 (G1, n=8), dogs with CVL and L. infantum amastigotes in the intestine; group 2 (G2, n=9), dogs with CVL but without intestinal amastigotes; and group 3 (G3, n=3), uninfected dogs (control group). Granulocytic cells were counted in the crypt-villus unit (mucosa), submucosa, and muscle layer of the intestinal mucosa. Cell counts were higher in the intestinal wall of dogs from G2 followed by G1 and G3 (p≤0.05). In G1, there was a low inverse correlation between parasite burden of the small intestine and granulocyte counts (r= -0.1, p≤0.01). However, in G2 dogs, mast cell and eosinophil numbers showed positive correlation (r=0.85, p≤0.01). The granulocytic cell hyperplasia observed in the intestine of L. infantum-infected dogs suggests that these cells may be involved in the cell-mediated immune response for parasite elimination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7418552.v1
title: Neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells in the intestinal wall of dogs naturally infected with Leishmania infantum

description: Abstract Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by the protozoa Leishmania infantum and can cause an inflammatory reaction in the gastrointestinal tract, however the role of granulocytic cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, and mast cells) in the intestine of dogs infected is not fully understood. We performed a quantitative analysis these cells in the intestinal wall of dogs with canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Twenty dogs were assigned to one of three groups: group 1 (G1, n=8), dogs with CVL and L. infantum amastigotes in the intestine; group 2 (G2, n=9), dogs with CVL but without intestinal amastigotes; and group 3 (G3, n=3), uninfected dogs (control group). Granulocytic cells were counted in the crypt-villus unit (mucosa), submucosa, and muscle layer of the intestinal mucosa. Cell counts were higher in the intestinal wall of dogs from G2 followed by G1 and G3 (p≤0.05). In G1, there was a low inverse correlation between parasite burden of the small intestine and granulocyte counts (r= -0.1, p≤0.01). However, in G2 dogs, mast cell and eosinophil numbers showed positive correlation (r=0.85, p≤0.01). The granulocytic cell hyperplasia observed in the intestine of L. infantum-infected dogs suggests that these cells may be involved in the cell-mediated immune response for parasite elimination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420685
title: Seroprevalence, spatial analysis and risk factors of infection with Neospora caninum in cattle in Brazil’s northern Pantanal wetland

description: Abstract Neosporosis is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan, Neospora caninum . It is considered one of the most widespread and frequent causes of abortion in cattle worldwide. To evaluate the prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies and associated risk factors, serum samples were collected from 2,452 bovines at 262 farms in the northern Pantanal, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Each farmer was asked to fill out a questionnaire for subsequent epidemiological data analysis. Anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected by means of the indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), using a cut-off dilution of 1:100. The overall anti-N. caninum antibodies prevalence was 25.44% (Confidence Interval - CI 95%; 20.10%; 30.78%), and the anti-N. caninum antibodies prevalence per herd was 76.72% (CI 95%; 71.60%; 81.84%). The presence of dogs, occurrence of abortion in cows, and sale of cattle for breeding were statistically associated with seropositivity in herds, while the risk of females being seropositive for N. caninum was higher in animals ≤ 6-years-old and in the presence of dogs. A spatial analysis indicated that the relative risk of the disease is spatially constant and that the farms with the highest prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies are located south of the region under study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420685.v1
title: Seroprevalence, spatial analysis and risk factors of infection with Neospora caninum in cattle in Brazil’s northern Pantanal wetland

description: Abstract Neosporosis is caused by an obligate intracellular protozoan, Neospora caninum . It is considered one of the most widespread and frequent causes of abortion in cattle worldwide. To evaluate the prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies and associated risk factors, serum samples were collected from 2,452 bovines at 262 farms in the northern Pantanal, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Each farmer was asked to fill out a questionnaire for subsequent epidemiological data analysis. Anti-N. caninum antibodies were detected by means of the indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), using a cut-off dilution of 1:100. The overall anti-N. caninum antibodies prevalence was 25.44% (Confidence Interval - CI 95%; 20.10%; 30.78%), and the anti-N. caninum antibodies prevalence per herd was 76.72% (CI 95%; 71.60%; 81.84%). The presence of dogs, occurrence of abortion in cows, and sale of cattle for breeding were statistically associated with seropositivity in herds, while the risk of females being seropositive for N. caninum was higher in animals ≤ 6-years-old and in the presence of dogs. A spatial analysis indicated that the relative risk of the disease is spatially constant and that the farms with the highest prevalence of anti-N. caninum antibodies are located south of the region under study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7418729
title: Morphological, molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Borrelia theileri in Rhipicephalus microplus

description: Abstract This study aimed to perform a morphological, molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Borrelia theileri obtained from infected Rhipicephalus microplus in Brazil. Fifty engorged R. microplus females from cattle in the municipality of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, were analyzed for spirochetes by hemolymph smear. Macerated eggs and positive ticks, as well as blood from the bovine infested by these ticks, were analyzed the glpQ, flaB and hpt genes by PCR. The PCR products were purified and sequenced for analysis and construction of a phylogenetic tree. Only 2% (1/50) of the ticks generated a positive result by both smear and PCR. The spiral forms (n = 50) had (media ± SD) a mean length of 19.17 ± 4.12 µm, diameter of 0.2935 ± 0.0469 and number of turns 8.44 ± 2.59. Sequence alignments of the three evaluated genes exhibited 98% similarity to B. theileri isolates, occurring in a clade highly related to B. theileri strain KAT. Egg maceration samples were positive for the three evaluated genes, whereas bovine blood was negative by PCR. This is the most detailed characterization of B. theileri in the Americas to-date, presenting morphological, molecular and phylogenetic data, including the transovarial transmission of the spirochete in the host tick.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7418729.v1
title: Morphological, molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Borrelia theileri in Rhipicephalus microplus

description: Abstract This study aimed to perform a morphological, molecular and phylogenetic characterization of Borrelia theileri obtained from infected Rhipicephalus microplus in Brazil. Fifty engorged R. microplus females from cattle in the municipality of Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, were analyzed for spirochetes by hemolymph smear. Macerated eggs and positive ticks, as well as blood from the bovine infested by these ticks, were analyzed the glpQ, flaB and hpt genes by PCR. The PCR products were purified and sequenced for analysis and construction of a phylogenetic tree. Only 2% (1/50) of the ticks generated a positive result by both smear and PCR. The spiral forms (n = 50) had (media ± SD) a mean length of 19.17 ± 4.12 µm, diameter of 0.2935 ± 0.0469 and number of turns 8.44 ± 2.59. Sequence alignments of the three evaluated genes exhibited 98% similarity to B. theileri isolates, occurring in a clade highly related to B. theileri strain KAT. Egg maceration samples were positive for the three evaluated genes, whereas bovine blood was negative by PCR. This is the most detailed characterization of B. theileri in the Americas to-date, presenting morphological, molecular and phylogenetic data, including the transovarial transmission of the spirochete in the host tick.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7900070
title: Histopathological findings of Fasciola hepatica infection in non-native European hare (Lepus europaeus) in Southern Chile

description: Abstract Fasciola hepatica is a parasite introduced in America from Europe, being considered of concern for public health and animal production, especially in countries with endemic areas as occur in Chile. In this country, the research has been focused mainly in domestic ruminants, with native and introduced wildlife being largely ignored. Thus, the aim of this study was to report the infection by Fasciola hepatica in an introduced mammal, the European hare, which is distributed along a vast area of the country. One in 42 hares hunted showed histological lesions compatible with F. hepatica, and harbored a parasitic load of 6 liver flukes. This is the first report of this lagomorph acting as host of this helminth in the country and the third in South America. Yet, we found no previous reports regard the pathology of this fluke in the species. Thus, we emphasize the importance of more studies regarding introduced mammals which could be acting as reservoirs for this important fluke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7900070.v1
title: Histopathological findings of Fasciola hepatica infection in non-native European hare (Lepus europaeus) in Southern Chile

description: Abstract Fasciola hepatica is a parasite introduced in America from Europe, being considered of concern for public health and animal production, especially in countries with endemic areas as occur in Chile. In this country, the research has been focused mainly in domestic ruminants, with native and introduced wildlife being largely ignored. Thus, the aim of this study was to report the infection by Fasciola hepatica in an introduced mammal, the European hare, which is distributed along a vast area of the country. One in 42 hares hunted showed histological lesions compatible with F. hepatica, and harbored a parasitic load of 6 liver flukes. This is the first report of this lagomorph acting as host of this helminth in the country and the third in South America. Yet, we found no previous reports regard the pathology of this fluke in the species. Thus, we emphasize the importance of more studies regarding introduced mammals which could be acting as reservoirs for this important fluke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7898405
title: Contracaecum larvae: morphological and morphometric retrospective analysis, biogeography and zoonotic risk in the amazon

description: Abstract In Brazil there are several records of parasitic nematodes of fish with zoonotic potential, especially those belonging to the family Anisakidae. This study considers the morphology, morphometry and prevalence of Contracaecum in Astronotus ocellatus , fish consumed in the Amazon and sold as ornamental and it also performs a retrospective analysis of the diversity of fish with larvae of Contracaecum, in studies carried out in Brazil over a period of 90 years. 40 specimens of A. ocellatus were necropsied, and the nematodes were collected and fixed in 93 parts 70% ethyl alcohol, 5 parts formaldehyde, and 2 parts glacial acetic acid (AFA) for morphological analysis under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Of the 40 fish collected during this work, 27 were parasitized by Contracaecum larvae with a total intensity of 150 larvae. Retrospective analysis of intermediate host diversity for Contracaecum larvae resulted in 16 orders, 49 families, 96 genera, 140 species and a hybrid morphotype. In the retrospective study, half of the fish were from freshwater, with the order Perciformes being the most representative, with 16 families, 30 genera and 37 species. In Brazil, the occurrence of larvae of Contracaecum in fish was reported in 15 of the 26 states, with Rio de Janeiro presenting the most information regarding fish harboring Contracaecum larvae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7898405.v1
title: Contracaecum larvae: morphological and morphometric retrospective analysis, biogeography and zoonotic risk in the amazon

description: Abstract In Brazil there are several records of parasitic nematodes of fish with zoonotic potential, especially those belonging to the family Anisakidae. This study considers the morphology, morphometry and prevalence of Contracaecum in Astronotus ocellatus , fish consumed in the Amazon and sold as ornamental and it also performs a retrospective analysis of the diversity of fish with larvae of Contracaecum, in studies carried out in Brazil over a period of 90 years. 40 specimens of A. ocellatus were necropsied, and the nematodes were collected and fixed in 93 parts 70% ethyl alcohol, 5 parts formaldehyde, and 2 parts glacial acetic acid (AFA) for morphological analysis under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Of the 40 fish collected during this work, 27 were parasitized by Contracaecum larvae with a total intensity of 150 larvae. Retrospective analysis of intermediate host diversity for Contracaecum larvae resulted in 16 orders, 49 families, 96 genera, 140 species and a hybrid morphotype. In the retrospective study, half of the fish were from freshwater, with the order Perciformes being the most representative, with 16 families, 30 genera and 37 species. In Brazil, the occurrence of larvae of Contracaecum in fish was reported in 15 of the 26 states, with Rio de Janeiro presenting the most information regarding fish harboring Contracaecum larvae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7898627
title: Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis and probable exposure to Rickettsia amblyommatis in dogs and cats in Natal, RN

description: Abstract Occurrence of infection or exposure to Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis and Rickettsia spp. was detected in feral cats living in two fragments from Atlantic rainforest, in Natal, RN, Brazil, and in dogs living around the parks. While serum samples were collected from 155 animals (53 cats living in the parks; 29 dogs living in human homes around the parks; and 73 dogs living at an animal control center - ACC), spleen samples were collected from 20 dogs that were euthanized at ACC. Serum samples were analyzed to Rickettsia spp. and E. canis antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence assay. Seventeen of the 102 dogs (17%) had E. canis antibodies and 13% (20/155) of all dogs and cats (i.e. 3% (3/102) of the dogs and 32% (17/53) of the cats) were seropositive for Rickettsia spp. antigens. The animals were therefore been exposed to R. amblyommatis or by a very closely related genotype. Among the 20 dog spleen samples analyzed, eight were PCR positive for E. canis and two for H. canis (GenBank accession number MG772657 and MG772658, respectively). In none of the spleen samples were obtained amplicons for Babesia spp. through PCR. This study provided the first evidence that Rickettsia of the spotted fever group is circulating among dogs and cats in Natal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7898627.v1
title: Occurrence of Ehrlichia canis and Hepatozoon canis and probable exposure to Rickettsia amblyommatis in dogs and cats in Natal, RN

description: Abstract Occurrence of infection or exposure to Ehrlichia canis, Hepatozoon canis and Rickettsia spp. was detected in feral cats living in two fragments from Atlantic rainforest, in Natal, RN, Brazil, and in dogs living around the parks. While serum samples were collected from 155 animals (53 cats living in the parks; 29 dogs living in human homes around the parks; and 73 dogs living at an animal control center - ACC), spleen samples were collected from 20 dogs that were euthanized at ACC. Serum samples were analyzed to Rickettsia spp. and E. canis antibodies using the indirect immunofluorescence assay. Seventeen of the 102 dogs (17%) had E. canis antibodies and 13% (20/155) of all dogs and cats (i.e. 3% (3/102) of the dogs and 32% (17/53) of the cats) were seropositive for Rickettsia spp. antigens. The animals were therefore been exposed to R. amblyommatis or by a very closely related genotype. Among the 20 dog spleen samples analyzed, eight were PCR positive for E. canis and two for H. canis (GenBank accession number MG772657 and MG772658, respectively). In none of the spleen samples were obtained amplicons for Babesia spp. through PCR. This study provided the first evidence that Rickettsia of the spotted fever group is circulating among dogs and cats in Natal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14328171.v1
title: Molecular detection of Leishmania infantum DNA according to clinical stages of leishmaniasis in dog

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to compare molecular tests used to diagnose Leishmania spp. in dogs with different stages of infection. Blood and conjunctival swab (CS) samples from dogs classified in four clinical stages were subjected to different PCR protocols (13A/13B, MC1/MC2, LITSR/L5.8S and LEISH-1/LEISH-2 primers). To the study, 22.3% (48/215) of dogs were classified as without clinical signs, 67.5% (145/215) stage I (mild disease), 7.0% (15/215) stage II (moderate disease) and 3.2% (7/215) stage III (severe disease). The results showed that in blood samples, 13A/13B detected a significant higher number of positive dogs in stage I (25/145) and in total (42/215) (p≤0.05). However, when CS samples were tested, no difference was observed (p&gt;0.05). On the other hand, in blood samples, MC1/MC2 detected significantly fewer positive dogs classified as without clinical signs (0/48), in stage I (0/145) and in total (1/215) (p≤0.05). Likewise, in CS samples, this primers showed also lower detection (1/215) (p≤0.05). So than, we can conclude that PCR on blood samples with 13A/13B primers has greater capacity to detect positive dogs, mainly at the initial of clinical disease than do other primers and MC1/MC2 are not a good choice to detect Leishmania infantum infection in dogs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14328171
title: Molecular detection of Leishmania infantum DNA according to clinical stages of leishmaniasis in dog

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to compare molecular tests used to diagnose Leishmania spp. in dogs with different stages of infection. Blood and conjunctival swab (CS) samples from dogs classified in four clinical stages were subjected to different PCR protocols (13A/13B, MC1/MC2, LITSR/L5.8S and LEISH-1/LEISH-2 primers). To the study, 22.3% (48/215) of dogs were classified as without clinical signs, 67.5% (145/215) stage I (mild disease), 7.0% (15/215) stage II (moderate disease) and 3.2% (7/215) stage III (severe disease). The results showed that in blood samples, 13A/13B detected a significant higher number of positive dogs in stage I (25/145) and in total (42/215) (p≤0.05). However, when CS samples were tested, no difference was observed (p&gt;0.05). On the other hand, in blood samples, MC1/MC2 detected significantly fewer positive dogs classified as without clinical signs (0/48), in stage I (0/145) and in total (1/215) (p≤0.05). Likewise, in CS samples, this primers showed also lower detection (1/215) (p≤0.05). So than, we can conclude that PCR on blood samples with 13A/13B primers has greater capacity to detect positive dogs, mainly at the initial of clinical disease than do other primers and MC1/MC2 are not a good choice to detect Leishmania infantum infection in dogs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14328173
title: First report of Trichodinella and new geographical records of trichodinids in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farmed in Brazil

description: Abstract Massive occurrence of trichodinids is frequently accompanied by serious disease in fish farms. In this study, trichodinid species from the gills and skin of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farmed in the central-western region of Brazil (state of Goiás) were morphologically characterized. Dried slides were prepared from the parasites and were impregnated with silver nitrate (2%). Morphometric characteristics were determined and schematic drawings of the denticles were made using photomicrographs produced from the slides. Seven species of trichodinid ectoparasites (Protozoa: Ciliophora: Trichodinidae) were found parasitizing the gills: four of the genus Trichodina Ehrenberg, 1838; one of Tripartiella Lom, 1959; one of Paratrichodina Lom, 1963; and one of Trichodinella Ṧrámek-Huṧek, 1953. On the body surface, three specimens of the genus Trichodina were identified. This study presents new geographical records of trichodinids in Brazil, thus confirming that Trichodina centrostrigeata, Trichodina compacta, Trichodina heterodentata, Paratrichodina africana and Tripartiella orthodens are widely distributed worldwide. Additionally, the first record of the genus Trichodinella in Brazil is presented.