cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/nsz2-xr14
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Boninsegna - Estancia San Justo - NOPU - ITRDB ARGE034

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-13. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-29.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dawrcz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Caudofoveata)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-180 40,-170 40,-170 50,-180 50,-180 40))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021171-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/n21a-sn39
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Yuste Herederu - Navafria I - PISY - ITRDB SPAI013

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-19. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/ney2-ed79
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Moore et al. 2001 Baffin Island 1200 Year Summer Temperature Reconstruction

description: Clastic varved sediments from Donard Lake, in the Cape Dyer region of Baffin Island, provide a 1250 yr record of decadal-to-centennial scale climate variability. Donard Lake experiences strong seasonal fluctuations in runoff and sediment fluxes due to the summer melting of the Caribou Glacier, which presently dominates its catchment. The seasonal variation in sediment supply results in the annual deposition of laminae couplets. A radiocarbon date measured on moss fragments, with a calibrated age of 860 ± 80 yrs before present (BP), is in close agreement with the age based on paired-layer counts. Together with the fabric of the laminae determined from microscope analysis, the age agreement demonstrates that the laminae couplets are annually deposited varves. Comparisons of varve thickness and average summer temperature from nearby Cape Dyer show a significant positive correlation (r= 0.57 for annual records, r = 0.82 for 3-yr averages), indicating that varve thickness reflects changes in average summer temperature. Varve thickness was used to reconstruct average summer temperatures for the past 1250 yrs, and shows abrupt shifts and large amplitude decadal-to-centennial scale variability throughout the record. The most prominent feature of the record is a period of elevated summer temperatures from 1200-1375 AD, followed by cooler conditions from 1375-1820 AD, coincident with the Little Ice Age.
description: Please refer to study 5466 for complete metadata and data files.
DOI: 10.25921/nynk-q091
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Cook et al. 2002 Well-Verified Multiproxy Winter NAO Reconstruction

description: A new, well-verified, multiproxy reconstruction of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index is described that can be used to examine the variability of the NAO prior to twentieth century greenhouse forcing. It covers the period a.d. 1400–1979 and successfully verifies against independent estimates of the winter NAO index from European instrumental and noninstrumental data as far back as 1500. The best validation occurs at interannual timescales and the weakest at multidecadal periods. This result is a significant improvement over previous proxy-based estimates, which often failed to verify prior to 1850, and is related to the use of an extended reconstruction model calibration period that reduced an apparent bias in selected proxies associated with the impact of anomalous twentieth century winter NAO variability on climate teleconnections over North Atlantic sector land areas. Although twentieth century NAO variability is somewhat unusual, comparable periods of persistent positive-phase NAO are reconstructed to have occurred in the past, especially before 1650.
DOI: 10.25921/nvwv-1j24
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - North Iceland Shelf (MD99-2269) Holocene Coccolith Abundance Data

description: The North Iceland shelf bears essential components of the present surface and intermediate circulation of the northern North Atlantic. Instrumental and historical data give evidence of the sensitivity of this domain to broad, regional-scale oceanic and atmospheric anomalies. Our investigation of the paleohydrological variability off Northern Iceland throughout the last 10 000 cal yr suggests that atmospheric forcing alone, through combined changes in strength of the wind stress curl and sea-level atmospheric pressure pattern over the Nordic Seas, is sufficient to explain the recorded changes in origins and dynamics of surface and intermediate water masses. Our biotic proxies, coccoliths and benthic foraminifera, were extracted from a giant piston core (MD99-2269) collected in a shelf trough where sediment accumulated at an excess rate of 2 m/kyr. The mid-Holocene from 6.5 to 3.5 cal kyr BP was a time of peaked carbonate production and subsequent sedimentation, and strong water-column stratification with a thick layer of cold-fresh Arctic surface water overlapping an enhanced flow of Irminger/Atlantic Intermediate water. Applying conditions triggering present-time carbonate plankton blooms in the studied area, we infer that a lowered cyclonic activity associated with decreased winter storms and reduced production of Arctic Intermediate Water in the Iceland Sea were conductive of the recorded mid-Holocene water column structure. The opposite situation (warm Atlantic surface water, low vertically-integrated inflow of Irminger water, abutment of Arctic Intermediate water in deep shelf troughs) characterized the early Holocene as well as a shorter late Holocene period centred at 2 cal kyr BP. The Little Ice Age (ca. 0.2ŋ0.6 cal kyr BP) and a short event at around 3 cal kyr BP stand as times of extreme advection of polar waters and extended seaŋice development. A comparison of the recorded long-term Holocene evolution of water column structure off Northern Iceland with climate and hydrological changes in the north-eastern Atlantic suggests that the strength of Atlantic inflow into the Nordic Seas was subjected to a balance between the Irminger and the Norwegian branches. This balance is thought to be mostly related to changes in the intensity and location of westerly winds and associated atmospheric pressure gradients in the North Atlantic.
DOI: 10.25921/n8pd-vs84
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stokes - Defiance West (Defiance/Nazlini) - PSME - ITRDB AZ046

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/n8vz-0881
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stahle - Porter's Creek - CADN - ITRDB TN012

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/n8mq-pa45
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Wilson - Kokanee - PCEN - ITRDB CANA226

description: Maximum latewood density (MXD) is a strong proxy of summer temperatures. Despite this, there is a paucity of long MXD chronologies in the Northern Hemisphere, which limits large-scale tree-ring-based reconstructions of past temperature which are dominated by ring-width (RW) data - a weaker temperature proxy at inter-annual time-scales. This paucity likely results from the relative expense of measuring MXD and the lack of laboratories with the facilities to measure it. Herein, we test the ability of a relatively new, less expensive, tree-ring parameter, Blue Intensity (BI), to act as a surrogate parameter for MXD. BI was measured on Engelmann spruce samples from British Columbia where MXD had previously been measured to allow direct comparison between the two parameters. Signal strength analyses indicate that 8 MXD series were needed to acquire a robust mean chronology while BI needed 14. Utilising different detrending methods and parameter choices (RW + MXD vs RW + BI), a suite of reconstruction variants was developed. The explained variance from the regression modelling (1901-1995) of May-August maximum temperatures ranged from 52% to 55%. Validation tests over the earlier 1870-1900 period could not statistically distinguish between the different variants, although spectral analysis identified more lower frequency information extant in the MXD-based reconstructions - although this result was sensitive to the detrending method used. Ultimately, despite the MXD-based reconstruction explaining slightly more of the climatic variance, statistically robust reconstructions of past summer temperatures were also derived using BI. These results suggest that there is great potential in utilising BI for dendroclimatology in place of MXD data. However, more experimentation is needed to understand (1) how well BI can capture centennial and lower frequency information and (2) what biases may result from wood discolouration, either from species showing a distinct heartwood/sapwood boundary or from partly decayed sub-fossil samples. 
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/n3zt-rs06
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Oppo and Sun 2005 South China Sea d18O and Mg/Ca Data and SST Reconstruction

description: Magnesium/calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios of foraminiferal shells from a sediment core from the northern South China Sea, a semi-enclosed basin in the western tropical Pacific, document variations in sea-surface temperature (SST) during the past 145 k.y. Glacial SSTs were 4 °C colder than interglacial SSTs. During the last deglaciation, most of the warming was accomplished in a single abrupt step after continental ice-sheet decay had already begun, but warming and ice-sheet demise were nearly synchronous during the penultimate deglaciation. Abrupt SST changes of the past 15 k.y. were apparently synchronous with events in East Asian monsoon rainfall, suggesting that variations in monsoon winds and their influence on surface circulation of the western Pacific exerted a strong control on northern South China Sea SSTs. We suggest that this link persisted for the previous 130 k.y., during which time orbital-scale 2-3 °C SST changes and several small (2 °C) abrupt SST events occurred in the northern South China Sea. The similar timing of northern South China Sea SST, on a benthic d18O time scale, to a well-dated speleothem record from eastern China suggests that the demise of ice sheets associated with the penultimate deglaciation did not precede Northern Hemisphere summer insolation increase. Our results suggest that surface waters had higher d18O values during times of strong summer monsoon than during times of weak monsoon, likely reflecting a redistribution of 18O-depleted rainfall from land during times of strong summer monsoons, to the western Pacific during times of weaker summer monsoons.
DOI: 10.25921/n9ww-tr96
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Wilson - Park Mountain - PCEN - ITRDB CANA231

description: Maximum latewood density (MXD) is a strong proxy of summer temperatures. Despite this, there is a paucity of long MXD chronologies in the Northern Hemisphere, which limits large-scale tree-ring-based reconstructions of past temperature which are dominated by ring-width (RW) data - a weaker temperature proxy at inter-annual time-scales. This paucity likely results from the relative expense of measuring MXD and the lack of laboratories with the facilities to measure it. Herein, we test the ability of a relatively new, less expensive, tree-ring parameter, Blue Intensity (BI), to act as a surrogate parameter for MXD. BI was measured on Engelmann spruce samples from British Columbia where MXD had previously been measured to allow direct comparison between the two parameters. Signal strength analyses indicate that 8 MXD series were needed to acquire a robust mean chronology while BI needed 14. Utilising different detrending methods and parameter choices (RW + MXD vs RW + BI), a suite of reconstruction variants was developed. The explained variance from the regression modelling (1901-1995) of May-August maximum temperatures ranged from 52% to 55%. Validation tests over the earlier 1870-1900 period could not statistically distinguish between the different variants, although spectral analysis identified more lower frequency information extant in the MXD-based reconstructions - although this result was sensitive to the detrending method used. Ultimately, despite the MXD-based reconstruction explaining slightly more of the climatic variance, statistically robust reconstructions of past summer temperatures were also derived using BI. These results suggest that there is great potential in utilising BI for dendroclimatology in place of MXD data. However, more experimentation is needed to understand (1) how well BI can capture centennial and lower frequency information and (2) what biases may result from wood discolouration, either from species showing a distinct heartwood/sapwood boundary or from partly decayed sub-fossil samples. 
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/nmxe-9044
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Dean - Jack's Canyon - PIED - ITRDB AZ101

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/nxq5-ta33
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Meko - Navajo Canyon - PSME - ITRDB CO647

description: In western North America, snowpack has declined in recent decades, and further losses are projected through the 21st century. Here, we evaluate the uniqueness of recent declines using snowpack reconstructions from 66 tree-ring chronologies in key runoff-generating areas of the Colorado, Columbia, and Missouri River drainages. Over the past millennium, late 20th century snowpack reductions are almost unprecedented in magnitude across the northern Rocky Mountains and in their north-south synchrony across the cordillera. Both the snowpack declines and their synchrony result from unparalleled springtime warming that is due to positive reinforcement of the anthropogenic warming by decadal variability. The increasing role of warming on large-scale snowpack variability and trends foreshadows fundamental impacts on streamflow and water supplies across the western United States.
description: Purpose of Collection: 
# Climatology - Snowpack reconstruction
#  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/nwah-xb24
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Buckley - Nam Nao - PIMK - ITRDB TH002

description: The Asian monsoon system affects more than half of humanity worldwide, yet the dynamical processes that govern its complex spatiotemporal variability are not sufficiently understood to model and predict its behavior, due in part to inadequate long-term climate observations. Here we present the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), a seasonally resolved gridded spatial reconstruction of Asian monsoon drought and pluvials over the past millennium, derived from a network of tree-ring chronologies. MADA provides the spatiotemporal details of known historic monsoon failures and reveals the occurrence, severity, and fingerprint of previously unknown monsoon megadroughts and their close linkages to large-scale patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperatures. MADA thus provides a long-term context for recent monsoon variability that is critically needed for climate modeling, prediction, and attribution.
description: Purpose of Collection:  
# Climatology - precipitation analysis NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/n74z-9539
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Ahmed - Mt. William - AGAU - ITRDB NEWZ090

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-01.
DOI: 10.25921/n4qh-vk65
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Baffin Bay Holocene/Late Glacial Mineralogical Data

description: To better understand the glacial history of the ice sheets surrounding Baffin Bay and to provide information on sediment pathways, samples from 82 seafloor grabs and core tops, and from seven box cores were subjected to quantitative X-ray diffraction weight percent (wt.%) analysis of the <2 mm sediment fraction. The samples were collected between 67°N and 78°N, in water depths of 155 to 2375 m and were retrieved on cruises between A.D. 1964 and 2009. Grain size, magnetic characteristics, and colour reflectance data were also obtained on many of the samples. Twenty-one non-clay and 10 clay mineral species were identified; the average wt.% of the non-clay minerals was 70% and was dominated by quartz, various feldspars, and dolomite, whereas the dominant clay minerals were 1 M illite, biotite, and chlorite. Cluster analysis on principal component scores identified three main mineral groups, which also had strong associations with grain size and sediment magnetic properties. Box cores from the deep central basin (>2000 m) all show an abrupt drop in calcite wt.% (post-5 cal ka BP?) following a major peak in detrital carbonate (mainly dolomite). This dolomite-rich detrital carbonate (DC) event in JR175BC06 is possibly coeval with the Younger Dryas cold event. Four possible glacial-sourced end members were employed in a compositional unmixing algorithm to gain insight into down core changes in sediment provenance at the deep central basin. Estimates of the rates of sediment accumulation in the central basin are only in the range of 2 to 4 cm/cal ka, surprisingly low given the glaciated nature of the surrounding land.
description: Sediment mineral composition data from X-ray diffraction weight 
percent (wt.%) analysis of the <2 mm sediment fraction from 
82 seafloor samples and 6 box cores collected in Baffin Bay.
DOI: 10.25921/njc1-1h45
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Last Glacial Maximum Temperature Reconstructions and Climate Sensitivity

description: Assessing impacts of future anthropogenic carbon emissions is currently impeded by uncertainties in our knowledge of equilibrium climate sensitivity to atmospheric carbon dioxide doubling. Previous studies suggest 3 K as best estimate, 2-4.5 K as the 66% probability range, and non-zero probabilities for much higher values, the latter implying a small but significant chance of high-impact climate changes that would be difficult to avoid. Here, combining extensive sea and land surface temperature reconstructions from the Last Glacial Maximum with climate model simulations, we estimate a lower median (2.3 K) and reduced uncertainty (1.7-2.6 K 66% probability). Assuming paleoclimatic constraints apply to the future as predicted by our model, these results imply lower probability of imminent extreme climatic change than previously thought.
description: Data for Schmittner et al. 2011 
"Climate Sensitivity Estimated From Temperature Reconstructions 
of the Last Glacial Maximum" Science 334:1385. 
Data archived at NOAA/WDC for Paleoclimatology: 
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/gcmoutput/uvic/schmittner2011/ 

Bartlein et al. 2010 data set available at: 
http://www.springerlink.com/content/2762k2451307l623/382_2010_Article_904_ESM.html 
or 
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/9897

MARGO Project data are available at: 
https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/12034
and in the netCDF file margo09.nc 

Shakun et al. LGM temperature anomalies are available as a combined 
Excel file:
LGM_deltaT_synthesis_Shakun_etal_2011.xlsx 
or as three separate netcdf files containing updated MARGO grid points: 
dt_updated_MARGO.nc
other ocean grid points: 
dt_other_ocean.nc 
and land grid points on a 2x2 grid: 
dt_other_land_2x2.nc 
 
Note that the updates MARGO grid points should replace the corresponding 
data in the original MARGO dataset. 

A Table with references is also provided: 
Shakun_table.pdf 

The results from the UVic model simulations from the pre-industrial 
control and LGM simulations are in the file: 
sat_sst_aice.tar.gz

The probability density functions PDFs (Figure 3) are in file: 
ECS_pdfs.txt 
and the random samples from the Markov chains from which the pdfs 
were derived are in the file: 
ECS_chains.txt.gz