cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bnzs7h4c4
title: The AI Economist: Taxation policy design via two-level deep reinforcement learning

description: This dataset contains all raw experimental data for the paper "The AI
 Economist: Taxation Policy Design via Two-level Deep Multi-Agent
 Reinforcement Learning".  The accompanying simulation,
 reinforcement learning, and data visualization code can be found
 at https://github.com/salesforce/ai-economist. For the one-step
 economy experiments, we provide: training histories, configuration files
 (these experiments do not use phases), and final agent and planner models.
 For the Gather-Trade-Build scenario, the data covers 6 spatial layouts:
 two Open-Quadrant (with 4 and 10 agents), and four Split-World maps with
 different configurations of the high-skilled and low-skilled agents. It
 also covers 4 tax policies (the AI Economist, Saez, free-market, and US
 federal). In addition, the AI Economist has been optimized for two social
 welfare functions: the product of equality and productivity, and
 inverse-income weighted utility. The Saez tax policy also uses estimated
 elasticities.  Each experiment was repeated with different random
 seeds: 10 seeds for the Open-Quadrant scenarios, and 5 seeds for the
 Split-World scenarios. For each individual experiment, we
 provide:  Training histories (e.g. equality and productivity
 throughout training) the phase 1 and phase 2 configuration
 files,  40 episode dense logs (the final 10 simulation logs
 across 4 environment replicas), phase 1 final agent models, and phase 2
 final agent and planner models. Finally, we include all data and results
 used to calibrate the Saez elasticity estimates and to estimate elasticity
 directly from a sweep over flat-rate tax policies: training histories, the
 phase 1 and phase 2 configuration files,  phase 1 final agent
 models, and phase 2 final agent and planner models.
description: This data has been generated by applying multi-agent deep
 reinforcement learning in economic simulations. It contains all key
 reinforcement learning and economic metrics that support the results in
 the paper. We have included tutorials and configuration
 files (with the raw data itself) on 2-level RL to generate this data.
 These complement the code available in the following locations: 
 The Github repo https://github.com/salesforce/ai-economist has
 all the simulation and reinforcement learning code that produced this
 data. We also provide all the visualization and analysis code on Github.
 All figures in the paper can be generated by using the visualization code
 on Github with this experimental data.  In addition,
 all code is also available on Zenodo
 \url{https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5644182}. To
 reproduce this data, we have also provided instructions on Github to
 independently run reinforcement learning and the economic
 simulations.  This data has only been organized for
 clarity and not otherwise modified. 
description: Note: the 3 GB zip file inflates to ~20 GB. 
 For questions: stephan.zheng@salesforce.com or
 aieconomist@salesforce.com.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pc866t1pt
title: Camera-trapping records of birds and mammals visiting water-filled tree holes in the Calakmul region in southern Mexico

description: Using camera-traps we documented that 21 bird and 9 mammal species visited
 water-filled tree holes (dendrotelmata) in the seasonal tropical forest of
 the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, in southern Mexico. These species visited
 dendrotelmata primarily for foraging and drinking. The overall use of
 dendrotelmata was equally frequent between dry and rainy seasons but
 drinking behavior increased among birds during the dry season. This
 dataset includes information on the identity of visiting species, time and
 date of the visit, behavior of the visiting species, season (rainy/dry) in
 which the species was recorded, station (dendrotelma) in which the species
 was recorded, associated temperature and the number of individuals
 recorded in each visit.
description: We searched for trees with dendrotelmata by walking in a
 non-systematic way outside existing trails within the Calakmul Biosphere
 Rerserve (CBR) in the state of Campeche, southern Mexico. Our search was
 conducted only in the medium sub-perennial forest since it has trees with
 larger diameters. We located eight dendrotelmata, one per tree, at a
 minimum height of 2 m and a maximum of 9 m (mean ± SD = 5.6 ± 2.6 m), and
 separated by a distance of 5.9 ± 4.7 km. We set up one camera-trap aimed
 at each of the eight dendrotelmata. Cameras were active between June 2018
 and March 2020 (231 ± 147 days) and were programmed to take 20-s long
 videos each time they were triggered and to have a 5-s resting time before
 reactivation. All the species in the videos were identified by the same
 person using field guides for birds and mammals. Visitation events
 consisted of the grouped consecutive records of the same species and
 camera, following the method applied by Camargo-Sanabria & Mendoza
 (2016, <i>Acta oecologica</i>, vol. 73, p. 45-52) . We
 classified events into five behaviors: 1. Bathing—when the animal immersed
 a part of its body into the water; 2. Drinking—when the animal took water
 from the dendrotelma into its mouth 3. Bathing/Drinking—when the animal
 bathed and drank water; 4. Foraging— when the animal stopped at the
 entrance of the dendrotelma and conducted a visual search or dug around in
 the detritus accumulated within the empty dendrotelma; and 5. Passing
 by—when the animal crossed in front of the dendrotelma but did not stop to
 use it.
description: A readme file is attached.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mkkwh711n
title: Black caiman diet data from the Rupununi River, Guyana

description: Black caiman (Melanosuchus niger) are one of the largest predators in
 South America, yet we know little about adult diets. We studied stomach
 contents of adults in Guyana and found the largest individuals target
 mammals instead of fish and males exhibit cannibalism, a behavior never
 recorded for this species previously.
description: Stomach contents were collected with the hose-Heimlich
 technique.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.h957x8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 41 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Kazakhstan",
 "TaxonKey is Ferula varia"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 41 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002972-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7kz
title: Population connectivity across a highly fragmented distribution: Phylogeography of the Chalcophaps doves

description: Chalcophaps is a morphologically conserved genus of
 ground-walking doves distributed from India to mainland China, south to
 Australia, and across the western Pacific to Vanuatu. Here, we reconstruct
 the evolutionary history of this genus using DNA sequence data from two
 nuclear genes and one mitochondrial gene, sampled from throughout the
 geographic range of Chalcophaps. We find support for three major
 evolutionary lineages in our phylogenetic reconstruction, each
 corresponding to the three currently
 recognized Chalcophaps species. Despite this general
 concordance, we identify discordant mitochondrial and nuclear ancestries
 in the subspecies C. longirostris timorensis, raising
 further questions about the evolutionary history of this Timor endemic
 population. Within each of the three species, we find evidence for
 isolation by distance or hierarchical population structure, indicating an
 important role for geography in the diversification of this genus. Despite
 being distributed broadly across a highly fragmented geographic region
 known as a hotspot for avian diversification,
 the Chalcophaps doves show modest levels of phenotypic
 and genetic diversity, a pattern potentially explained by strong
 population connectivity owing to high overwater dispersal capability.
description: Sanger sequencing of two nuclear genes and one mitochondrial
 gene
DOI: 10.25349/d9bg8h
title: Contrasting patterns of risk from human and non-human predators shape temporal activity of prey

description: Spatiotemporal variation in predation risk arises from interactions
 between landscape heterogeneity, predator densities, and predator hunting
 mode, generating landscapes of fear for prey species that can have
 important effects on prey behaviour and ecosystem dynamics. As widespread
 apex predators, humans present a significant source of risk for hunted
 animal populations. Spatiotemporal patterns of risk from hunters can be
 overlapping or contrast with patterns of risk from other predators. Human
 infrastructure can also reshape spatial patterns of risk by facilitating
 or impeding hunter or predator movement, or deterring predators that are
 themselves wary of humans. We examined how anthropogenic and natural
 landscape features interact with hunting modes of rifle hunters and
 mountain lions (Puma concolor) to generate patterns of spatiotemporal risk
 for their primary prey. We explored the implications of human-modified
 landscapes of fear for Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus
 columbianus) in Mendocino County, California. We used historical harvest
 records, hunter GPS trackers, and camera trap records of mountain lions to
 model spatiotemporal patterns of risk for deer. We then used camera traps
 to examine deer spatial and temporal activity patterns in response to this
 variation in risk.  Hunters and mountain lions exhibited
 distinct, contrasting patterns of spatiotemporal
 activity.  Risk from rifle hunters, who rely on long
 lines of sight, was highest in open grasslands and near roads and was
 confined to the daytime. Risk from mountain lions, an ambush predator, was
 highest in dense shrubland habitat, farther from developed areas, and
 during the night and crepuscular periods. Areas of human settlement
 provided a refuge from both hunters and mountain lions. We found no
 evidence that deer avoided risk in space at the scale of our observations,
 but deer adjusted their temporal activity patterns to reduce the risk of
 encounters with humans and mountain lions in areas of higher risk. Our
 study demonstrates that interactions between human infrastructure, habitat
 cover, and predator hunting mode can result in distinct spatial patterns
 of predation risk from hunters and other predators that may lead to
 trade-offs for prey species. However, distinct diel activity patterns of
 predators may create vacant hunting domains that reduce costly trade-offs
 for prey. Our study highlights the importance of temporal partitioning as
 a mechanism of predation risk avoidance.
description: <br> Detailed data collection, processing, and analysis
 procedures can be found in the associated manuscript and supplementary
 information: Gaynor, K. M., McInturff, A., Brashares, J. S. Contrasting
 patterns of risk from human and non-human predators shape temporal
 activity of prey. Journal of Animal Ecology.
description: Usage notes can be found in the associated README.txt file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ghx3ffbq9
title: Linking population dynamics models with empirically derived models through phytoplankton primary production

description: There are alternative methods for estimation of phytoplankton primary
 production (PP) that are fundamentally different in the calculation
 approach. The process-oriented PP model is a mechanistic, empirically
 derived method based on the photosynthesis–light relationships. The
 population dynamics-based PP calculation, which is a synthetic method,
 provides a production estimate based on population dynamics of
 phytoplankton. These alternative methods were here compared with regard to
 production estimates and linked to enhance the performance of the existing
 models of population dynamics applied to a wide variety of lakes worldwide
 in terms of morphometry, nutrient status, and light environments.
 Estimates of primary production were shown to be sensitive to changes in
 phytoplankton sinking and zooplankton grazing rates in both methods.
 Production estimates in the process-oriented PP model were also sensitive
 to light-associated parameters such as day length. Although the production
 estimated from the population dynamics-based PP calculation tended to be
 lower than that from the process-oriented PP model irrespective of lake
 morphometry, production estimates calculated from both methods with
 standard parameterization were comparable when production was estimated on
 an annual timescale. However, it was also shown that the alternative
 methods could produce different production estimates when estimated on
 shorter timescales such as cyanobacterial blooms in summer. Cyanobacteria
 with low mortality due to grazing and sinking losses have been considered
 as trophic bottlenecks, but there is increasing evidence that their
 mortality is, to a considerable extent, due to parasitic pathogens. In the
 case of cyanobacterial blooms, an addition of parasite-related loss term
 (19–33% of standing stock) resulted in a resolution of the difference in
 production estimates between the methods. These analyses theoretically
 support the critical role of parasitism and resolve the bottleneck problem
 in aquatic ecosystem metabolism.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5qs
title: A retrospective cohort study on effects of antenatal steroids on respiratory morbidity for term elective Caesarean sections in South Asian women

description: Respiratory distress (RD) is higher among newborns born by caesarean
 section (CS) at term. RCOG recommend steroid administration for CS prior
 to 39 weeks. Evidence for effectiveness of steroids for neonatal RD at
 term is inconclusive. The racial differences are yet to be
 studied.  A single center retrospective cohort study was
 conducted in Colombo, Sri Lanka form December 2016 to February 2019. All
 mothers delivered by CS between 37+0 and 38+6 weeks were included in the
 study. Mothers with severe maternal hypertension, severe fetal rhesus
 sensitization, evidence of intrauterine infection, multiple pregnancies
 and those who received steroids due to other indications at a prior
 gestation and were excluded. Cohort was subdivided according to
 administration of IM dexamethasone prior to CS. Primary outcomes measured
 were RD, admissions to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and special
 care baby unit (SCBU). Neonatal infections and maternal duration of
 hospital stay was recorded as secondary outcome measures.  560
 patients were included in the study. 23.2% of patients received antenatal
 corticosteroids. Incidence of RD, NICU admissions and SCBU admissions in
 the study cohort was 10%, 0.9%, 2.7% respectively. RR for developing RD in
 the steroid group compared to non-steroid group was 2.67 (1.64-4.35). NICU
 and SCBU admissions was needed by 4.6% in steroid group and 3.3% in
 non-steroid group without a significant difference (p=0.464). A
 significantly higher number of babies in the steroid group needed IV
 antibiotics. Average days the mothers were admitted in the hospital was
 2.45 days (SD 1.424) for steroid group and 1.4 days (SD 0.856) for the
 non-steroid group (p &lt; 0.001). There is a significant increase in
 the respiratory morbidity in the dexamethasone administered south Asian
 mothers at term prior to CS. However, this effect has no clinical
 significance since the admission to NICU and SCBU were not significantly
 different.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ttdz08m0d
title: Data from: Intraspecific variations in life history traits of two pecky rice bug species from Japan: mapping emergence dates and number of annual generations

description: The mirid bugs Stenotus rubrovittatus and Trigonotylus caelestialium,
 which cause pecky rice, have become a threat to rice cultivation in Asia.
 Damage caused by these pests has rapidly become frequent since around 2000
 in Japan. Their expansion pattern is not simple, and predicting their
 future spread remains challenging. Some insects with wide ranges have
 locally adapted variations in life-history traits. We performed laboratory
 rearing experiments to assess the geographical scale of intraspecific
 variations in life-history traits of S. rubrovittatus and T.
 caelestialium. The experiments were aimed at increasing the accuracy of
 occurrence estimates and the number of generations per year. These results
 were compared with previous research, and differences in development rates
 were observed between populations of different latitudes, but not of the
 same latitude. Finally, plotting the timing of adult emergence and the
 potential number of generations per year on maps with a 5-km grid revealed
 that they differed greatly locally at the same latitude. These maps can be
 used for developing more efficient methods of managing mirid bugs in
 integrated pest management.
description: Number of days at each development stage and sex of Stenotus
 rubrovittatus and Trigonotylus caelestialium in the two populations under
 five constant rearing temperatures. Thorax width of
 Stenotus rubrovittatus and Trigonotylus caelestialium in the two
 populations obtained from the rearing experiments.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18398697
title: A 30-Year Synthetic Climate Dataset for Ghana

description: This repository provides a 30-year fully synthetic climate dataset for Ghana (1996–2025) generated using the Climate Data Simulation (CDSim) framework. The dataset represents a World Meteorological Organization (WMO) climatological normal and includes continuous monthly time series of minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and precipitation (rainfall only) across simulated stations representing Ghana’s major ecological zones.

The data are produced using stochastic simulation techniques that preserve realistic seasonal structure, variability, and temporal persistence while containing no proprietary or observational records. As a result, the dataset is fully reproducible and unrestricted for reuse. It is intended for method development, model benchmarking, machine-learning experiments, educational purposes, and reproducible climate data workflows, rather than operational forecasting or policy analysis.

The dataset is provided in CSV and NetCDF formats and complies with FAIR data principles.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qrfj6q5h8
title: Amplified drought induced by climate change reduces seedling emergence and increases seedling mortality for two Mediterranean perennial herbs

description: Seedling recruitment is a bottleneck for population dynamics and range
 shift. The vital rates linked to recruitment by seed are impacted by
 amplified drought induced by climate change. In the Mediterranean region,
 autumn and winter seedling emergence and mortality may have strong impact
 on the overall seedling recruitment. However, studies focussing on the
 temporal dynamic of recruitment during these seasons are rare.  
 This study was performed in a deciduous Mediterranean oak forest located
 in southern France and quantifies the impact of amplified drought
 conditions on autumn and winter seedling emergence and seedling mortality
 rates of two herbaceous plant species with meso-Mediterranean and
 supra-Mediterranean distribution (respectively, Silene italica
 and S. nutans). Seedlings were followed from October 2019 to May 2020 in
 both undisturbed and disturbed plots where the litter and the aboveground
 biomass has been removed to create open microsites.   Amplified
 drought conditions reduced seedling emergence and increased seedling
 mortality for both Silene species but these negative effects were
 dependent on soil disturbance conditions. Emergence of S. italica
 decreased only in undisturbed plots (-7%) whereas emergence of S. nutans
 decreased only in disturbed plots (-10%) under amplified drought
 conditions. The seedling mortality rate of S. italica was 51% higher under
 amplified drought conditions in undisturbed plots while that of S. nutans
 was 38% higher in disturbed plots.   Aridification due to lower
 precipitation in the Mediterranean region will negatively impact the
 seedling recruitment of these two Silene species. Climate change
 effects on early vital rates may likely have major negative impacts on the
 overall population dynamic.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18398696
title: A 30-Year Synthetic Climate Dataset for Ghana

description: This repository provides a 30-year fully synthetic climate dataset for Ghana (1996–2025) generated using the Climate Data Simulation (CDSim) framework. The dataset represents a World Meteorological Organization (WMO) climatological normal and includes continuous monthly time series of minimum temperature, maximum temperature, and precipitation (rainfall only) across simulated stations representing Ghana’s major ecological zones.

The data are produced using stochastic simulation techniques that preserve realistic seasonal structure, variability, and temporal persistence while containing no proprietary or observational records. As a result, the dataset is fully reproducible and unrestricted for reuse. It is intended for method development, model benchmarking, machine-learning experiments, educational purposes, and reproducible climate data workflows, rather than operational forecasting or policy analysis.

The dataset is provided in CSV and NetCDF formats and complies with FAIR data principles.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t4b8gtj3g
title: Deep vicariance and frequent transoceanic dispersal shape the evolutionary history of a globally distributed fern family

description: Premise Historical biogeography of ferns is typically expected to be
 dominated by long-distance dispersal, due to their minuscule spores.
 However, few studies have inferred the historical biogeography of a large
 and widely distributed group of ferns to test this hypothesis. Our aims
 are to determine the extent to which long-distance dispersal vs.
 vicariance have shaped the history of the fern family Blechnaceae, to
 explore ecological correlates of dispersal and diversification, and to
 determine whether these patterns differ between the northern and southern
 hemispheres. Methods We used sequence data for three chloroplast loci to
 infer a time-calibrated phylogeny for 154 out of 265 species of
 Blechnaceae, including representatives of all genera in the family. This
 tree was used to conduct ancestral range reconstruction and stochastic
 character mapping, estimate diversification rates, and identify ecological
 correlates of diversification. Key results Blechnaceae originated in
 Eurasia and began diversifying in the late Cretaceous. A lineage
 comprising most extant diversity diversified principally in the austral
 Pacific region around the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Land
 connections that existed near the poles during periods of warm climates
 likely facilitated migration of several lineages, with subsequent
 climate-mediated vicariance shaping current distributions. Long-distance
 dispersal is frequent and asymmetrical, with New Zealand/Pacific Islands,
 Australia, and tropical America being major source areas. Conclusions
 Ancient vicariance and extensive long-distance dispersal have shaped the
 history of Blechnaceae in both the northern and southern hemispheres. The
 exceptional diversity in austral regions appears to reflect rapid
 speciation in these areas; mechanisms underlying this evolutionary success
 remain uncertain.