cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18685240
title: NICAM HighResMIP mesoscale convective systems over South America

description: Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) over South America using NICAM HighResMIP dataset

This dataset was developed and used by Rehbein et al. (2026). Please review this paper for a complete description of this dataset. 

The MCSs in this dataset were first identified and tracked using brightness temperature (Tb) from the NICAM HighResMIP climate simulations (Kodama et al., 2021). For each timestep of all objects tracked with Tb, the precipitation underneath the cloud shield was calculated. Then, the family of objects that had met the criteria for an MCS (as described below) was selected. 

MCSs were obtained through the identification and tracking of all cloud systems over South America using the Forecasting and Tracking the evolution of Cloud Clusters (ForTraCC; Machado et al., 1998; Vila et al., 2008). ForTraCC was set to identify and track all the objects with one or more contiguous pixels with brightness temperature equal to or above 241 K. Since ForTraCC tracked and stored all pixel families that match that criteria, a post‐processing program was used to select the MCSs in that huge dataset (see https://github.com/salvatirehbein/percolator).

The final MCSs have, therefore, in common the following characteristics (Prein et al., 2024):

1. The continuous Tb ≤ 241 K area must be at least 40,000 km2 for at least four continuous hours.2. The maximum hourly precipitation underneath the ≤241 K Tb area must be larger than 10 mm hr^-1 for at least 4 continuous hours.3. The hourly precipitation volume must exceed 20,000 km2 mm h^-1 (e.g., 100 km × 100 km × 2 mm h^-1) at least once in the lifetime of the MCS.4. The minimum Tb must be <225 K during the MCS lifetime to account for overshooting tops.

 

References

Kodama C, Ohno T, Seiki T, Yashiro H, Noda AT, Nakano M, Yamada Y, Roh W, Satoh M, Nitta T, Goto D (2021). The Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model for CMIP6 HighResMIP simulations (NICAM16-S): experimental design, model description, and impacts of model updates. Geosci Model Dev 14:795–820.

Machado, L. A. T., Rossow, W. B., Guedes, R. L., & Walker, A. W. (1998). Life cycle variations of mesoscale convective systems over the Americas. Monthly Weather Review, 126(6), 1630-1654.

Prein, A. F., Feng, Z., Moon, Z., Ocasio, K. M. N., Kukulies, J., Roca, R., ... & Rasmussen, R. (2023). Km-scale simulations of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) over South America-A feature tracker intercomparison. Authorea Preprints.

Rehbein, A., Prein, A. F., Ambrizzi, T., Ikeda, K., Liu, C., & Rasmussen, R. M. (2025). 20 Years of MCSs simulations over South America using a convection-permitting model. Climate Dynamics, 63(1), 38.

Vila, D. A., Machado, L. A. T., Laurent, H., & Velasco, I. (2008). Forecast and Tracking the Evolution of Cloud Clusters (ForTraCC) using satellite infrared imagery: Methodology and validation. Weather and Forecasting, 23(2), 233-245.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18685241
title: NICAM HighResMIP mesoscale convective systems over South America

description: Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) over South America using NICAM HighResMIP dataset

This dataset was developed and used by Rehbein et al. (2026). Please review this paper for a complete description of this dataset. 

The MCSs in this dataset were first identified and tracked using brightness temperature (Tb) from the NICAM HighResMIP climate simulations (Kodama et al., 2021). For each timestep of all objects tracked with Tb, the precipitation underneath the cloud shield was calculated. Then, the family of objects that had met the criteria for an MCS (as described below) was selected. 

MCSs were obtained through the identification and tracking of all cloud systems over South America using the Forecasting and Tracking the evolution of Cloud Clusters (ForTraCC; Machado et al., 1998; Vila et al., 2008). ForTraCC was set to identify and track all the objects with one or more contiguous pixels with brightness temperature equal to or above 241 K. Since ForTraCC tracked and stored all pixel families that match that criteria, a post‐processing program was used to select the MCSs in that huge dataset (see https://github.com/salvatirehbein/percolator).

The final MCSs have, therefore, in common the following characteristics (Prein et al., 2024):

1. The continuous Tb ≤ 241 K area must be at least 40,000 km2 for at least four continuous hours.2. The maximum hourly precipitation underneath the ≤241 K Tb area must be larger than 10 mm hr^-1 for at least 4 continuous hours.3. The hourly precipitation volume must exceed 20,000 km2 mm h^-1 (e.g., 100 km × 100 km × 2 mm h^-1) at least once in the lifetime of the MCS.4. The minimum Tb must be <225 K during the MCS lifetime to account for overshooting tops.

 

References

Kodama C, Ohno T, Seiki T, Yashiro H, Noda AT, Nakano M, Yamada Y, Roh W, Satoh M, Nitta T, Goto D (2021). The Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model for CMIP6 HighResMIP simulations (NICAM16-S): experimental design, model description, and impacts of model updates. Geosci Model Dev 14:795–820.

Machado, L. A. T., Rossow, W. B., Guedes, R. L., & Walker, A. W. (1998). Life cycle variations of mesoscale convective systems over the Americas. Monthly Weather Review, 126(6), 1630-1654.

Prein, A. F., Feng, Z., Moon, Z., Ocasio, K. M. N., Kukulies, J., Roca, R., ... & Rasmussen, R. (2023). Km-scale simulations of mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) over South America-A feature tracker intercomparison. Authorea Preprints.

Rehbein, A., Prein, A. F., Ambrizzi, T., Ikeda, K., Liu, C., & Rasmussen, R. M. (2025). 20 Years of MCSs simulations over South America using a convection-permitting model. Climate Dynamics, 63(1), 38.

Vila, D. A., Machado, L. A. T., Laurent, H., & Velasco, I. (2008). Forecast and Tracking the Evolution of Cloud Clusters (ForTraCC) using satellite infrared imagery: Methodology and validation. Weather and Forecasting, 23(2), 233-245.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4mz4uc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 257 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Observation, Human Observation, Material sample, Specimen, Living Specimen, Occurrence evidence)",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Carex perglobosa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 257 records from 47 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0027969-260208012135463/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18672580
title: Dry reforming of methane over Ni/MFI catalysts: Role of the zeolite support acidity

description: Dry reforming of methane (DRM) was studied over 5 wt%Ni/MFI catalysts with different Si/Al atomic ratios (40,100 and ∞). The 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) catalyst, showing the highest acidity (largest Al content), led to the best Nidispersion with smaller particles (~6 nm). Additionally, for this material the only reduction peak observed atvery high temperature (715 ºC) through H2-TPR analysis, together with the binding energy of Ni2+ (856.19 eV) in the XPS spectra, denoted a strong interaction of the NiO nanoparticles with the zeolite. In contrast, the sametechniques applied to the other catalysts with lower or no Al content showed larger Ni particles with littleinteraction with the support. Through temperature-programmed DRM tests, it was found that the onset temperature of CH4 conversion was much lower (327 ºC) for 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) than for the other catalysts prepared with supports of lower acidity (367–474 ºC). Isothermal tests over 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) denoted that DRM was the predominant reaction at 500, 550 and 600 ºC, according to the obtained H2/CO ratio (~1). However, DRM only prevailed at 600 ºC with the other two catalysts while other competing reactions (mainly catalytic decomposition of methane) occurred at 500 and 550 ºC. 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) produced the lowest amount of carbon, especially at 600 ºC (~2 wt%). Therefore, these results evidence the key beneficial role of acidity of the zeolite in the development of selective and stable DRM catalysts operating at relatively low temperatures
description: The authors wish to thank Grant PID2021–124705OB-I00 (HYWARE) funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF/EU.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18672579
title: Dry reforming of methane over Ni/MFI catalysts: Role of the zeolite support acidity

description: Dry reforming of methane (DRM) was studied over 5 wt%Ni/MFI catalysts with different Si/Al atomic ratios (40,100 and ∞). The 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) catalyst, showing the highest acidity (largest Al content), led to the best Nidispersion with smaller particles (~6 nm). Additionally, for this material the only reduction peak observed atvery high temperature (715 ºC) through H2-TPR analysis, together with the binding energy of Ni2+ (856.19 eV) in the XPS spectra, denoted a strong interaction of the NiO nanoparticles with the zeolite. In contrast, the sametechniques applied to the other catalysts with lower or no Al content showed larger Ni particles with littleinteraction with the support. Through temperature-programmed DRM tests, it was found that the onset temperature of CH4 conversion was much lower (327 ºC) for 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) than for the other catalysts prepared with supports of lower acidity (367–474 ºC). Isothermal tests over 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) denoted that DRM was the predominant reaction at 500, 550 and 600 ºC, according to the obtained H2/CO ratio (~1). However, DRM only prevailed at 600 ºC with the other two catalysts while other competing reactions (mainly catalytic decomposition of methane) occurred at 500 and 550 ºC. 5Ni/ZSM-5(40) produced the lowest amount of carbon, especially at 600 ºC (~2 wt%). Therefore, these results evidence the key beneficial role of acidity of the zeolite in the development of selective and stable DRM catalysts operating at relatively low temperatures
description: The authors wish to thank Grant PID2021–124705OB-I00 (HYWARE) funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF/EU.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.y7bhy8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 143390064 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is South America",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 143390064 records from 10696 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0027934-260208012135463/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hr92ds
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 95314 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Tyrannus melancholicus Vieillot, 1819)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2010",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation)",
 "Continent is one of (North America, South America)",
 {
 "not" : {
 "Issue" : [
 "is one of (Zero coordinate, Country coordinate mismatch, Coordinate invalid, Coordinate out of range, Geodetic datum invalid, Coordinate reprojection suspicious, Coordinate reprojection failed, Coordinate precision invalid, Presumed negated longitude, Presumed negated latitude, Presumed swapped coordinate, Taxon match higher rank, Taxon match none, The scientific name differs on the record from that found in the checklist, The backbone match found using the taxon IDs differs from what would be found if using the scientific names, The scientific name ID was not found in the checklist, The taxon concept ID was not found in the checklist, The taxon ID was not found in the checklist, Recorded date invalid, Recorded date mismatch, Recorded date unlikely, Basis of record invalid, Occurrence status unparsable)"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 95314 records from 61 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0008231-250415084134356/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.r9yf3s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 257725 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "Country" : [
 "is unknown or invalid"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 257725 records were derived from 1225 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0008244-250415084134356/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fbzsbp
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 13095 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bubalus bubalis (Linnaeus, 1758)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 13095 records from 55 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002069-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ksbmer
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 10723 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bufo gargarizans Cantor, 1842",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 10723 records from 34 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002091-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zjf9aw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 29311 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bucanetes githagineus (M.H.K.Lichtenstein, 1823)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 29311 records from 58 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002071-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5wd6rb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 7959 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Buteo galapagoensis (Gould, 1837)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 7959 records from 16 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002099-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pm4xh8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1479 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bulinus globosus (Morelet, 1866)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1479 records from 20 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002092-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.21227/harr-pw82
title: "HetFCo-MAE"

description: "HetFCo-MAE's Dataset"
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bz3nqd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 11000300 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Buteo jamaicensis (Gmelin, 1788)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 11000300 records from 199 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002102-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.a2fv3g
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1449 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Burramys parvus Broom, 1896",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1449 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002097-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dca2nk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 99169 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 99169 records from 332 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002098-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cnek7u
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3414 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bulinus truncatus (Audouin, 1827)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3414 records from 30 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002094-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wfcpjq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 39653 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Buccinum undatum Linnaeus, 1758",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 39653 records from 270 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002074-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ujx6mu
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 50315 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Canis aureus Linnaeus, 1758",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 50315 records from 88 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002149-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ut7mmx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 93 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Carex angustisquama Franch.",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 93 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002267-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ruffv2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 188936 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Caretta caretta (Linnaeus, 1758)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 188936 records from 572 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002246-250123221155621/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/ggx-p3g-rp7
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qzg-fsk-zhr
title: Operculina d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8sp-f8v-ef2
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bqd-nf8-a1r
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gtz-mvj-tke
title: Echinoidea Schumacher, 1817

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/6rm-9jl-y0d
title: Orthiopteris Copel.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/wzl-ftk-zar
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5ms-dwp-ncp
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/jx8-610-bas
title: Orthiopteris Copel.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8cy-jfn-1cw
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ne3-c2f-lbj
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bl6-x9g-959
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/l50-tt2-j7w
title: Fagus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/vbr-x63-hpx
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.j4e8ur
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Vernicia fordii",
 "Country is Algeria",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021753-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.3535/px6-mcx-mn9
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xen-148-epe
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8xk-l2q-33v
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9az-lnn-pj0
title: †Naiadites Dawson, 1860

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/3gk-4sb-hqf
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mfe-vp5-6an
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/014-8yw-5m6
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/3x6-38x-d4g
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bp9-55r-shv
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xtd-8l4-nvy
title: Fagus L.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/m4e-hzs-nk6
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gbr84n
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Vernicia fordii",
 "Country is Eswatini",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021755-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.