cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124289.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Collectin-11/MASP Complex Formation Triggers Activation of the Lectin Complement Pathway - The Fifth Lectin Pathway Initiation Complex

description: Collectins and ficolins are important in the clearance of endogenous and exogenous danger materials. A new human collectin-11 was recently identified in low concentration in serum in complex with mannose-binding lectin (MBL)/ficolin-associated serine proteases. Collectin-11 binds to carbohydrate residues present on various microorganisms. Thus, we hypothesized that collectin-11 could be a novel initiation molecule in the lectin pathway of complement. We can show that collectin-11 associates with all the known MBL-associated serine proteases (MASP-1, MASP-2 and MASP-3) as well as the lectin complement pathway regulator MAP-1. Furthermore, we found that complex formation between recombinant collectin-11 and recombinant MASP-2 on <i>Candida albicans</i> leads to deposition of C4b. Native collectin-11 in serum mediated complement activation and deposition of C4b and C3b, and formation of the terminal complement complex on <i>C. albicans</i>. Moreover, spiking collectin-11-depleted serum, which did not mediate complement activation, with recombinant collectin-11 restored the complement activation capability. These results define collectin-11 as the fifth recognition molecule in the lectin complement pathway in addition to MBL, ficolin-1, ficolin-2 and ficolin-3.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124292.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The Impact of Adverse Life Events on Clinical Features and Interaction with Gene Variants in Mood Disorder Patients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Adverse life events are precipitating and maintenance factors for mood and anxiety disorders. However, the impact of such events on clinical features and treatment response is still unclear. <b><i>Sampling and Methods:</i></b> The aim of this study was to investigate whether specific adverse events (early parental loss and physical abuse) influence clinical features in a sample of 1,336 mood disorder patients, and whether genetic parameters interact with adverse events to influence treatment outcomes in a subsample of 252 subjects. Participants were collected in the context of a European multicenter study and treated with antidepressants at adequate doses for at least 4 weeks. We focused on two genes (BDNF and CREB1) due to prior evidence of association with treatment outcomes in the same sample. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Patients with a history of physical abuse had higher suicidal risk (including history of attempts), comorbid panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol dependence compared to non-abused patients. Experience of early parental loss was a less detrimental type of life stressor. Treatment response was not affected by adverse events. No gene-environment interaction was found with genetic variations, using a corrected significance level. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> A limitation of the present study is that the subsample is too small for detecting gene-environment interactions. The clinical message of our findings is that mood disorder patients with a history of physical abuse showed a worse clinical profile, characterized by higher comorbid Axis I psychopathology and increased suicidal behavior.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124274
title: Supplementary Material for: Strategies for the Delivery of Multiple Collinear Infusion Clouds in Convection-Enhanced Delivery in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Delivery of multiple collinear payloads utilizing convection-enhanced delivery (CED) has historically been performed by retraction of a needle or catheter from the most distal delivery site. Few studies have addressed end-infusion morphology and associated payload reflux in stacked and collinear infusions, and studies comparing the advancement with the retraction mode are lacking. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To compare advancement versus retraction mode infusion results. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Infusion cloud pairs were created with the advancement and retraction technique in agarose gel using both open end-port SmartFlow™ (SF) and valve tip (VT) catheter infusion systems. Backflow, radius of infusion, and morphology were assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Infusions with the SF catheter, in contrast to the VT catheter, exhibited significantly more backflow in retraction mode at the shallow infusion site. Infusion morphology differed with the second infusion after retraction: the infusate at the proximal site first filling the channel left by the retraction and then being convected into gel in a pronouncedly non-spherical shape during the second infusion. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Significant differences in cloud morphology were noted with respect to external catheter geometry with retraction versus penetration between infusions in an agarose gel model of the brain. Further study is warranted to determine optimal protocols for human clinical trials employing CED with multiple collinear payloads.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124277
title: Supplementary Material for: Excessive Mood Elevation and Behavioral Activation with Antidepressant Treatment of Juvenile Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The prevalence, characteristics and implications of excessive arousal-activation in children and adolescents treated with antidepressants for specific illnesses have not been systematically examined. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We compared reports of antidepressant trials (n = 6,767 subjects) in juvenile depressive (n = 17) and anxiety disorders (n = 25) for consensus-based indications of psychopathological mood elevation or behavioral activation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Rates of excessive arousal-activation during treatment with antidepressants were at least as high in juvenile anxiety (13.8%) as depressive (9.79%) disorders, and much lower with placebos (5.22 vs. 1.10%, respectively; both p &lt; 0.0001). The antidepressant/placebo risk ratio for such reactions in paired comparisons was 3.50 (12.9/3.69%), and the meta-analytically pooled rate ratio was 1.7 (95% confidence interval: 1.2-2.2; both p ≤ 0.001). Overall rates for ‘mania or hypomania', specifically, were 8.19% with and 0.17% without antidepressant treatment, with large drug/placebo risk ratios among depressive (10.4/0.45%) and anxiety (1.98/0.00%) disorder patients. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Risks of excessive mood elevation during antidepressant treatment, including mania-hypomania, were much greater than with placebo, and similar in juvenile anxiety and depressive disorders. Excessive arousal-activation in children or adolescents treated with antidepressants for anxiety as well as depressive disorders calls for particular caution and monitoring for potential risk of future bipolar disorder.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124280
title: Supplementary Material for: Comparison of Wavelet Transform and Time-Domain Analysis of Second Trimester Uterine Artery Doppler Waveforms in Screening for Pre-Eclampsia

description: The aim of this study was to compare time-domain waveform analysis of second-trimester uterine artery Doppler using the resistance index (RI) with waveform analysis using a mathematical tool known as wavelet transform for the prediction of pre-eclampsia (PE). This was a retrospective, nested case-cohort study of 336 women, 37 of whom subsequently developed PE. Uterine artery Doppler waveforms were analysed using both RI and waveform analysis. The utility of these indices in screening for PE was then evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. There were significant differences in uterine artery RI between the PE women and those with normal pregnancy outcome. After wavelet analysis, significant difference in the mean amplitude in wavelet frequency band 4 was noted between the 2 groups. The sensitivity for both Doppler RI and frequency band 4 for the detection of PE at a 10% false-positive rate was 45%. This small study demonstrates the application of wavelet transform analysis of uterine artery Doppler waveforms in screening for PE. Further prospective studies are needed in order to clearly define if this analytical approach to waveform analysis may have the potential to improve the detection of PE by uterine artery Doppler screening.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124283
title: Supplementary Material for: Mononuclear Leukocyte Apoptosis and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> Increased apoptosis along with enhanced inflammation has been reported in hemodialysis and pre-dialysis patients. However, there is limited information at which stage during the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic mechanisms is disturbed and inflammatory response is activated. The aim of this study was to investigate possible alterations in apoptotic and inflammatory markers during CKD (stages 1–4) progression and the probable interactions between them. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a cross-sectional study, 152 steady-state CKD outpatients (83 males, 55%) with mean estimated glomerular filtration rate 46 (29–76) ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> were studied. Apoptosis was assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by estimating Bcl-2 expression, annexin V-propidium iodine staining and serum soluble Fas (sFas) and Fas-ligand. Serum levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 and plasma levels of fibrinogen were measured as markers of inflammation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Bcl-2 expression was found to decrease significantly in both lymphocytes and monocytes from CKD stage 1 to 4. In contrast, the activity of sFas increased significantly and so did the levels of TNF-α and fibrinogen. The majority of these alterations occurred as soon as patients entered stage 3 of CKD. A multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that CKD remained a significant predictor of the aggregate of the assessed markers. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Apoptosis appeared to increase across CKD stages 1–4, and this was associated with increased proinflammatory activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124286
title: Supplementary Material for: Wnt Signaling Regulates Intermediate Precursor Production in the Postnatal Dentate Gyrus by Regulating Cxcr4 Expression

description: Previous studies have examined the role of diverse signaling pathways in dentate neurogenesis, but how these signaling pathways are integrated remains unknown. Using mice that allow genetic manipulation of type 1 radial progenitors in the dentate, we show that forced induction of Wnt signaling leads to expansion of the intermediate progenitor cell (IPC) pool while selective activation of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling drives neurogenesis without significant expansion of IPCs. Thus, both Wnt and Shh signaling are proneurogenic, but they act in distinct manners when their signaling is forced in subgranular zone radial progenitors. We examined potential targets of the Wnt pathway in these cells and found that Cxcr4 is a direct target of Lef1 in dentate gyrus progenitors and that loss of Cxcr4 in postnatal neurogenesis decreases the production of IPCs. This suggests that Wnt activation of dentate gyrus progenitors induces Cxcl12 signaling by regulating receptor expression. This study provides evidence that distinct morphogenic pathways have notably different roles in regulating ongoing dentate neurogenesis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124277.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Excessive Mood Elevation and Behavioral Activation with Antidepressant Treatment of Juvenile Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The prevalence, characteristics and implications of excessive arousal-activation in children and adolescents treated with antidepressants for specific illnesses have not been systematically examined. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We compared reports of antidepressant trials (n = 6,767 subjects) in juvenile depressive (n = 17) and anxiety disorders (n = 25) for consensus-based indications of psychopathological mood elevation or behavioral activation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Rates of excessive arousal-activation during treatment with antidepressants were at least as high in juvenile anxiety (13.8%) as depressive (9.79%) disorders, and much lower with placebos (5.22 vs. 1.10%, respectively; both p &lt; 0.0001). The antidepressant/placebo risk ratio for such reactions in paired comparisons was 3.50 (12.9/3.69%), and the meta-analytically pooled rate ratio was 1.7 (95% confidence interval: 1.2-2.2; both p ≤ 0.001). Overall rates for ‘mania or hypomania', specifically, were 8.19% with and 0.17% without antidepressant treatment, with large drug/placebo risk ratios among depressive (10.4/0.45%) and anxiety (1.98/0.00%) disorder patients. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Risks of excessive mood elevation during antidepressant treatment, including mania-hypomania, were much greater than with placebo, and similar in juvenile anxiety and depressive disorders. Excessive arousal-activation in children or adolescents treated with antidepressants for anxiety as well as depressive disorders calls for particular caution and monitoring for potential risk of future bipolar disorder.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124283.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Mononuclear Leukocyte Apoptosis and Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> Increased apoptosis along with enhanced inflammation has been reported in hemodialysis and pre-dialysis patients. However, there is limited information at which stage during the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic mechanisms is disturbed and inflammatory response is activated. The aim of this study was to investigate possible alterations in apoptotic and inflammatory markers during CKD (stages 1–4) progression and the probable interactions between them. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a cross-sectional study, 152 steady-state CKD outpatients (83 males, 55%) with mean estimated glomerular filtration rate 46 (29–76) ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> were studied. Apoptosis was assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by estimating Bcl-2 expression, annexin V-propidium iodine staining and serum soluble Fas (sFas) and Fas-ligand. Serum levels of C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 and plasma levels of fibrinogen were measured as markers of inflammation. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Bcl-2 expression was found to decrease significantly in both lymphocytes and monocytes from CKD stage 1 to 4. In contrast, the activity of sFas increased significantly and so did the levels of TNF-α and fibrinogen. The majority of these alterations occurred as soon as patients entered stage 3 of CKD. A multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that CKD remained a significant predictor of the aggregate of the assessed markers. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Apoptosis appeared to increase across CKD stages 1–4, and this was associated with increased proinflammatory activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124265
title: Supplementary Material for: Anders denken – Metakognitive Therapie für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Zwangsstörung: Ein Behandlungsplan

description: Die Arbeit stellt ein metakognitives Therapiemanual für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Zwangsstörung vor. Adrian Wells entwickelte sein Behandlungsmanual für erwachsene Patienten. Metakognitive Therapie fokussiert nicht auf einzelne Gedankeninhalte, sondern auf kognitive Prozesse und die (metakognitive) Überbewertung von Zwangsgedanken. Nach einer gemeinsamen Fallkonzeption lernen die Patienten einen metakognitiven Umgang mit diesen Gedanken («losgelöste Achtsamkeit»). Danach werden metakognitive Überzeugungen zu den Zwangsritualen und dem Vermeidungsverhalten überprüft, um diese abzubauen. Exposition mit Reaktionsverhinderung dient der Überprüfung metakognitiver Überzeugungen; sie zielt nicht auf Habituation ab und wird daher wesentlich kürzer als im etablierten verhaltenstherapeutischen Vorgehen durchgeführt. Viele Interventionen lassen sich in leicht adaptierter Form gut bei Kindern und Jugendlichen anwenden. Mittels Rollenspielen lässt sich das abstrakte Konzept der Metakognition gerade für jüngere Kinder verständlicher machen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124268
title: Supplementary Material for: Aktueller Stand Internalisierender Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter: Sind sie aus den Kinderschuhen ausgewachsen?

description: Internalisierende Störungen sind die häufigsten psychischen Störungen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Es kann heute als erwiesen angesehen werden, dass Angst- und depressive Störungen nicht auswachsen, sondern im Gegenteil stabil sind und einen beträchtlichen Risikofaktor für die Entwicklung weiterer psychischer Störungen im Erwachsenenalter darstellen. Daher sollte diesen Störungen in der Früherkennung, Prävention und Versorgung vermehrt Beachtung geschenkt werden, da diese Kinder häufig zu lange im Stillen leiden, bevor sie adäquate Hilfe erhalten. Für eine Verbesserung der Versorgungslage sollte eine Reihe von Fachpersonen mit einbezogen werden, die mit Kindern und Jugendlichen in regelmäßigem Kontakt stehen. Zudem sollten auch Kinder und Jugendliche selbst über psychische Probleme aufgeklärt werden. Sind Angst- und depressive Störungen erkannt, liegen gut überprüfte Therapien vor, die auch nachhaltig wirksam sind. Nebst der Verbesserung der Früherkennung und Steigerung der Wirksamkeit von Interventionsprogrammen sollten Präventionsprogramme zur Verbesserung der allgemeinen psychischen Gesundheit gefördert und durchgeführt werden.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124271
title: Supplementary Material for: Gain of <b><i>FAM123B</i></b> and <b><i>ARHGEF9 </i></b>in an Obese Man with Intellectual Disability, Congenital Heart Defects and Multiple Supernumerary Ring Chromosomes

description: In a 24-year-old man with mild intellectual disability, congenital heart defects and obesity, we identified up to 4 small supernumerary marker chromosomes (sSMCs) in blood metaphases. The ring-shaped sSMCs were derived from chromosomes 11, 12 and X as well as a fourth, unidentified chromosome. In interphase nuclei of epithelial cells from the urinary tract and buccal mucosa, the presence of the r(11), r(12) and r(X) was confirmed by FISH. Using Illumina Infinium 317K SNP-arrays, we detected 3 copies of the pericentromeric regions of chromosomes 11, 12 and X. The r(X) was present in 84–89% of cells in the various tissues examined, lacks the <i>XIST</i> gene, but contains <i>FAM123B</i>, a potential dosage-sensitive candidate gene for congenital cardiac abnormalities, and <i>ARHGEF9</i>, a candidate gene for intellectual disability. <i>ARHGEF9</i> encodes collybistin (CB), which is required for localization of the inhibitory receptor-anchoring protein gephyrin and for formation and maintenance of postsynaptic GABA<sub>A</sub> and glycine receptors. We propose that the 2-fold increase in dosage of <i>ARHGEF9</i> disturbs the stoichiometry of CB with its interacting proteins at inhibitory postsynapses. SNP alleles and short tandem repeat markers on the r(11) and r(X) were compatible with a maternal origin of both sSMCs through a meiosis II error. The sSMCs may have resulted from predivision chromatid nondisjunction, leading to anaphase lagging, followed by incomplete degradation of the supernumerary chromosomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124262
title: Supplementary Material for: Asymptomatic Central Pontine Myelinolysis: A Case Report

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is an acquired demyelinating lesion of the basis pontis that typically occurs after rapid correction of hyponatremia. There are only a few reported cases of patients without symptoms that have demonstrated CPM on imaging. <b><i>Case Presentation:</i></b> We report the case of a 26-year-old Hispanic male with history of alcohol abuse who was transferred to our medical center for acute onset diffuse abdominal pain. During his work up, a computed tomography scan demonstrated a large pancreatic mass. He underwent an endoscopic guided biopsy which demonstrated a rare and aggressive natural killer T cell lymphoma. His laboratory values were consistent with hyponatremia, which the medical team gently corrected. An MRI was performed for staging purposes which revealed findings consistent with CPM. A full neurological exam demonstrated no deficits. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> We conducted a PubMed search using the following keywords: asymptomatic, central, pontine, and myelinolysis in order to find other case reports of asymptomatic CPM. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 29 results, only 6 previous case reports with English language abstracts of asymptomatic CPM were present since 1995. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Despite slow correction of hyponatremia, CPM can be an important consequence, especially in patients with chronic alcoholism. Although this patient did not demonstrate any neurological deficits, the fact that there were changes seen on MRI should caution physicians in aggressively treating hyponatremia. Furthermore, if there is a decision to treat, then fluid restriction and reversal of precipitating factors (i.e. diuretics) should be used initially, unless there is concern for hypovolemia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5124259
title: Supplementary Material for: Native Soluble Carcinoembryonic Antigen Is Not Involved in the Impaired Activity of CD56<sup>dim</sup> Natural Killer Cells in Malignant Pleural Effusion

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that play a crucial role in tumor immune surveillance. Accumulated data indicated that NK cells in the tumor microenvironment often display a suppressed function. However, the mechanism is not clear. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> In this study, the effects and relative mechanisms of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) from patients with lung cancer on NK cells were researched. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> MPE and peripheral blood (PB) samples were collected from patients with lung cancer. The cytotoxic activity of CD56<sup>dim</sup> NK cells in PB and MPE mononuclear cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> It was observed that the percentages of total NK cells and a CD56<sup>dim</sup> NK subset in MPE reduced accompanying impaired cytotoxic activity compared with that in paired PB. Cell-free MPE treatment reduced both the proportion and cytotoxic activity of CD56<sup>dim</sup> NK cells in PB from healthy donors. The suppression effects were not based on soluble carcinoembryonic antigen and the inhibitory cytokines interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-β<sub>1</sub>, but were dependent on the factor with a molecular weight &gt;100 kDa. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> These results demonstrated that native soluble carcinoembryonic antigen does not suppress the activity of NK cells, and an unknown factor with a molecular weight &gt;100 kDa plays a critical role in the impairment of CD56<sup>dim</sup> NK cells in MPE, which might lead to tumor progression.