cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5517/cc4trrf
title: CCDC 143925: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: C.A.Zechmann, T.J.Boyle, M.A.Rodriguez, R.A.Kemp|2000|Polyhedron|19|2557|doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)00566-0
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc4trsg
title: CCDC 143926: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: C.A.Zechmann, T.J.Boyle, M.A.Rodriguez, R.A.Kemp|2000|Polyhedron|19|2557|doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)00566-0
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc4trth
title: CCDC 143927: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: C.A.Zechmann, T.J.Boyle, M.A.Rodriguez, R.A.Kemp|2000|Polyhedron|19|2557|doi:10.1016/S0277-5387(00)00566-0
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110619901
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0156.202, PFAnep 0156.202

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0156.202, PFUT 0156-202 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impression on obverse, reverse and upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Flat edge broken off. Cracks on obverse face.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110619883
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0156.202, PFAnep 0156.202

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0156.202, PFUT 0156-202 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impression on obverse, reverse and upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Flat edge broken off. Cracks on obverse face.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110619882
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0156.202, PFAnep 0156.202

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0156.202, PFUT 0156-202 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impression on obverse, reverse and upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Flat edge broken off. Cracks on obverse face.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110621762
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0376.201, PFAnep 0376.201

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0376.201, PFUT 0376-201 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on left edge, obverse, right edge, reverse, upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Broken bottom edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110621748
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0374.202, PFAnep 0374.202

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0374.202, PFUT 0374-202 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on bottom edge, left edge, obverse, upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Encrustations on reverse, chip and some abrasion on upper edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110619877
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0156.202, PFAnep 0156.202

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0156.202, PFUT 0156-202 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impression on obverse, reverse and upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Flat edge broken off. Cracks on obverse face.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110621745
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0374.202, PFAnep 0374.202

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0374.202, PFUT 0374-202 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on bottom edge, left edge, obverse, upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Encrustations on reverse, chip and some abrasion on upper edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110622357
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0539.201, PFAnep 0539.201

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0539.201, PFUT 0539-201 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on bottom edge, left edge, obverse, reverse and upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Hole and crack on right edge. Chip on right edge. Crack on reverse. Abrasian and cracks on upper edge.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ajt682
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 46307 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Brassica nigra"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 46307 records from 789 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0026702-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110622343
title: Persepolis Fortification Anepigraphic Tablet 0538.201, PFAnep 0538.201

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAnep 0538.201, PFUT 0538-201 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with seal impressions on bottom edge, left edge, obverse, reverse and upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Black spots or splotches on bottom edge, left edge, obverse, upper edge. Cracks on bottom edge, obverse, upper edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc1sto1611457
title: InscriptiFact -- an image database of inscriptions and artifacts

description: The InscriptiFact Collection is designed to allow access via the Internet to high-resolution images of ancient inscriptions and artifacts, primarily from the Near Eastern and Mediterranean Worlds. The targeted inscriptions constitute some of the world’s earliest written records, which are mostly housed in a number of international museums and libraries, as well as field projects where inscriptions still remain in situ. Included, for example, are, selected Dead Sea Scrolls; cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia, Persia, Canaan and Egypt; early Jewish papyri from Egypt; lapidary inscriptions, primarily from Jordan, Lebanon and Cyprus; inscriptions on a variety of hard media (e.g., ostraca, copper, semi-precious stones, jar handles) mostly written in early Canaanite, Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Ammonite and Edomite; and much more. These ancient texts are foundational documents that serve as a point of reference for Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the cultures out of which they emerged. The name "InscriptiFact" is intended to convey the concept of a scholarly archive based on "facts" about "inscriptions" and "artifacts." West Semitic Research Project (WSRP) under the auspices of the University of Southern California (USC) is broadly acknowledged as a leader in the application of photographic and digital technologies to capture and analyze data of ancient texts. The West Semitic Research image archive now contains approximately 1,500,000 images. Important! Search terms with more than one word or number need to be enclosed in quotation marks.Guide to Searching InscriptiFact
DOI: 10.3886/e240052
title: Global Curtain Rods Market Analysis

description: The global Curtain Rods Market was valued at USD 5.30
billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 5.54 billion by the end of 2025.
The market is expected to grow to USD 6.91 billion by 2030, recording a
compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 4.5% from 2025 to 2030. This growth is
driven by rising e-commerce sales, expanding construction activities, and
increased investment in infrastructure globally.<br><br>For more information visit: https://www.nextmsc.com/report/curtain-rods-market-rc3573
DOI: 10.3535/dwk-sc8-hbv
title: Brachiopoda Duméril, 1805

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hdr-71s-wdd
title: †Protoretepora Koninck, 1878

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/eyx-kt7-2yg
title: Arthropoda

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/v1p-e09-mgr
title: Bryozoa

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ywm-jxf-2ts
title: †Cardiaster Forbes, 1850

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lbt-jg9-ea9
title: Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/vdq-5ne-83p
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lbd-xzx-44b
title: Cervidae Goldfuss, 1820

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ywf-cd6-7xm
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lv7-yc6-lk5
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/q63-czc-rxh
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/pg5-5xr-v6h
title: †Spiroclypeus wolfgangi van der Vlerk, 1925

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qgt-m08-r62
title: †Palorbitolina lenticularis (Blumenbach, 1805)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qz0-5s6-s8j
title: Isurus

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/4y3-pmp-x9m
title: Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/59e-w1n-9hv
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/3c7-v2e-nyp
title: Brachiopoda Duméril, 1805

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/thr-yv4-j4x
title: Cetorhinus

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/dy1-nnc-e5j
title: Cetacea Brisson, 1762

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w2a-48a-spd
title: †Galerites (Galerites) vulgaris

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ds5-lnd-clp
title: Equus (Equus) caballus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/vh5-w63-tqk
title: Bos taurus primigenius Bojanus, 1827

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/z7d-ppv-e6c
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ekh-dya-dts
title: Physeter Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lbm-14t-f0e
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/49l-7k0-qxe
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/djg-gnz-dpk
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rzb-prd-ae0
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/br1-56s-fxf
title: †Micraster L. Agassiz, 1835

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/jjt-ef0-twk
title: Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9jv-4an-er5
title: Graptolithina Bronn, 1849

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bg0-laa-lqn
title: †Nummulites curvospira (Savi & Meneghini, 1851)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7nh-axm-hkf
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/e7r-w48-acj
title: †Acanthocladia King, 1849

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cwr-hjy-0z2
title: Brachiopoda Duméril, 1805

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lfc-ajp-rnl
title: Flustra Linnaeus, 1761

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/93x-jg2-946
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/t0x-t8x-3l8
title: Graptolithina Bronn, 1849

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2bl-f3l-8en
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.892xmy
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Caudofoveata)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((100 -50,110 -50,110 -40,100 -40,100 -50))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020686-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qawpp5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Otidiformes)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-140 -80,-130 -80,-130 -70,-140 -70,-140 -80))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020685-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3svt2u
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Otidiformes)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-150 -80,-140 -80,-140 -70,-150 -70,-150 -80))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020684-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cv9kj7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 954 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Bivalvia)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-110 40,-100 40,-100 50,-110 50,-110 40))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 954 records from 22 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020687-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5517/cc8jyh6
title: CCDC 254618: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: S.Dagorne, I.Janowska, R.Welter, J.Zakrzewski, G.Jaouen|2004|Organometallics|23|4706|doi:10.1021/om0400806
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc8jyj7
title: CCDC 254619: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Kajiwara, N.Takeda, T.Sasamori, N.Tokitoh|2004|Organometallics|23|4723|doi:10.1021/om049558w
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc8jyk8
title: CCDC 254620: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Kajiwara, N.Takeda, T.Sasamori, N.Tokitoh|2004|Organometallics|23|4723|doi:10.1021/om049558w
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc8jyl9
title: CCDC 254621: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Peng Xue, Siwei Bi, H.H.Y.Sung, I.D.Williams, Zhenyang Lin, Guochen Jia|2004|Organometallics|23|4735|doi:10.1021/om049646g
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc8jymb
title: CCDC 254622: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Yamada, M.Tanabe, K.Osakada, Yong-Joo Kim|2004|Organometallics|23|4771|doi:10.1021/om049858d
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc8jync
title: CCDC 254623: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Yamada, M.Tanabe, K.Osakada, Yong-Joo Kim|2004|Organometallics|23|4771|doi:10.1021/om049858d
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc8jypd
title: CCDC 254624: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Yamada, M.Tanabe, K.Osakada, Yong-Joo Kim|2004|Organometallics|23|4771|doi:10.1021/om049858d
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.