DOI: 10.3886/icpsr39093
title: National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA): Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Longitudinal Dataset by Census Tract, United States, 1981-2021
title: Archival Version

description: The Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) database (Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 2022) has compiled mortgage lending data since 1981, but the collection and dissemination methods have changed over time (Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 2018), creating barriers to conducting longitudinal analyses. This HMDA Longitudinal Dataset (HLD) organizes and standardizes information across different eras of HMDA data collection between 1981 and 2021, enabling such analysis. This collection contains two types of datasets: 1) HMDA aggregated data by census tract for each decade and 2) HMDA aggregated data by census tract for individual years. Items for analysis include borrower income values, mortgages by loan type (e.g., conventional, Federal Housing Administration (FHA), Veterans Affairs (VA), refinances), and mortgages by borrower race and gender.
description: The purpose of this project was to organize and standardize data obtained from the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) database in order to conduct longitudinal analyses of home lending patterns in the United States.
description: Data covering the period from 1981 to 2006 were obtained from the National Archives, and data covering the period from 2007 to 2020 were obtained from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. Records without census tract identification were excluded from the dataset. Yearly-aggregated data were not adjusted for inflation, but decade-aggregated were adjusted for inflation (December 30, 2020 dollars). Originations included in the dataset are for mortgages made to owner-occupied, single-family homes that were site built within each tract. Originations made for speculation, second homes, vacation homes, and multi-family homes were excluded.
Multiple methods were used to normalize the data. To adjust borrower income at tract-level, percentiles of income at the national level were established for each year, loan counts for each percentile were calculated, and income breakpoints were established in $30,000 increments. Counts were normalized to 2010 census tract boundaries using the Longitudinal Tract Database (LTDB) crosswalk file. To normalize loan amounts to 2020 U.S. dollars, the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers was used to obtain Consumer Price Indices (CPI) as of December 30 each year and divided each year's CPI by the CPI for December 30, 2020. Please refer to the study documentation for more information on dataset limitations and changes to data collection methodology over the years.
description: Data are structured at the tract-level (1 observation per tract) and are grouped by decade (DS1, DS3 through DS6) and by individual year (DS2, DS7 through DS47). Each dataset contains the following aggregated items:

Counts of reported borrower income values grouped by percentile and by $30,000 intervals
Total and percent of originations (number and U.S. dollar amount) to all borrowers, grand total and by lender type: conventional, government, Federal Housing Administration, Veterans Affairs, Rural Housing Service
Total and percent of originations (number and U.S. dollar amount) by loan type: home purchase, home improvement, refinance
Total and percent of mortgages (number and U.S. dollar amount) by borrower race and gender
description: Datasets: 
DS0: Study-Level Files
DS1: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data by Decade
DS2: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data by Year 1981-2021
DS3: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data by Decade 1981-1990
DS4: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data by Decade 1991-2000
DS5: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data by Decade 2001-2010
DS6: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) Data by Decade 2011-2020
DS7: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1981 Data
DS8: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1982 Data
DS9: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1983 Data
DS10: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1984 Data
DS11: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1985 Data
DS12: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1986 Data
DS13: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1987 Data
DS14: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1988 Data
DS15: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1989 Data
DS16: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1990 Data
DS17: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1991 Data
DS18: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1992 Data
DS19: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1993 Data
DS20: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1994 Data
DS21: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1995 Data
DS22: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1996 Data
DS23: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1997 Data
DS24: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1998 Data
DS25: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 1999 Data
DS26: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2000 Data
DS27: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2001 Data
DS28: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2002 Data
DS29: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2003 Data
DS30: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2004 Data
DS31: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2005 Data
DS32: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2006 Data
DS33: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2007 Data
DS34: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2008 Data
DS35: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2009 Data
DS36: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2010 Data
DS37: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2011 Data
DS38: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2012 Data
DS39: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2013 Data
DS40: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2014 Data
DS41: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2015 Data
DS42: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2016 Data
DS43: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2017 Data
DS44: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2018 Data
DS45: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2019 Data
DS46: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2020 Data
DS47: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) 2021 Data
description: Census tracts in the 50 U.S. states, including U.S. island territories. Smallest Geographic Unit: Census tract
description: For additional information on the National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA), please visit the NaNDA website.