DOI: 10.3886/icpsr38733
title: COVID-19 and the Experiences of Populations at Greater Risk: Wave 2, United States, 2020-2021
title: Archival Version

description: In the context of COVID-19, RAND and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation partnered again to build from the National Survey of Health Attitudes to implement a longitudinal survey to understand how health views and values have been affected by the experience of the pandemic, with particular focus on populations deemed vulnerable or underserved, including people of color and those from low- to moderate-income backgrounds.
The study is a longitudinal study, collecting data in four waves. The study
also included 2 populations: A sample of populations at greater risk,
and a general population sample. This study includes the results for Wave 2 for populations at greater risk.
One previous wave and two future waves were conducted. The questions in the surveys were largely similar across all four waves. All respondents who participated in Wave 1 were invited to participate in the future waves.
Demographic info includes sex, marital status, household size, race and ethnicity, family income, employment status, age, and census region.
description: The objectives of this survey were:
1. to understand the experience of COVID-19, with particular focus on underserved populations, especially in terms of income and race and ethnicity
2. To examine how these populations may be thinking about COVID-19 in the context of health mindset and expectations, the role of government versus the private sector, and
health equity and to explore how this thinking evolves as communities continue to experience impacts but also recover
3. To identify, over time, whether American views about health and health equity have evolved and, in short, assess whether the progress toward a Culture of Health has evolved
(e.g., greater understanding of what influences health, the existence of health inequities, the willingness and action to engage civically for health).
description: Data were collected via the RAND American Life Panel (ALP) and the KnowledgePanel, two nationally representative internet panels recruited via probability-based sampling methods. Both surveys were fielded from October 9 through November 2, 2020. The two survey efforts combined resulted in a final total sample of 4,143 completed surveys (1,045 from the ALP and 3,098 from the KnowledgePanel). All respondents from the first wave were invited to participate in the second wave.
description: To create weights to match the distribution of characteristics in the sample as closely as possible to that of the population from the 2019 Current Population Survey (CPS), a raking algorithm was used, following the methods described in Deming (1943) and Deville, Särndal, and Sautory (1993). The study aimed to match population proportions on interactions of gender and race and ethnicity, gender and education, and gender and age and household income interacted with household size.
description: Response Rates: 80.2% retention rate from Wave 1.
description: Respondents for the KnowledgePanel (now part of Ipsos, previously GfK) and the RAND American Life Panel were recruited using probability-based methods (such as Address Based Sampling and Random Digit Dialing).
In both panels, respondents who are Black, Hispanic, or Asian were oversampled. The KnowledgePanel sample was limited to individuals in households with incomes under $125,000. The ALP sample limited White individuals to those with household incomes under $125,000 but imposed no income limits on Black, Hispanic, or Asian respondents.
Four surveys were conducted. All respondents to the first survey were invited for the last three surveys.
description: Datasets: 
DS1: COVID-19 and the Experiences of Populations at Greater Risk: Wave 2, United States, 2020-2021
description: Adult population of the United States, with oversamples of Black, Hispanic, and Asian. Sample restricted to households with income under $125,000 per year. Smallest Geographic Unit: Census region
description: web-based surveyRespondents can be linked across all four waves using the <strong> RANDID </strong> variable.For more information, please visit the study report page on the RAND Corporation website.