DOI: 10.3886/icpsr35580
title: Creative Community Index [Silicon Valley, 2002 and 2005]
title: Archival Version

description: The Creative Community Index, a research initiative produced by Cultural Initiatives Silicon Valley, measured cultural participation and creativity in the Silicon Valley in 2002 and 2005. The first wave of the study, in 2002, consisted of two surveys: one survey measured the breadth and frequency of cultural participation by residents of Santa Clara County, and another survey gathered a range of data about the current health and vitality of nonprofit arts and culture organizations in the region. The second wave, in 2005, surveyed Silicon Valley residents, nonprofit cultural organizations, local area leaders, and local artists.


The Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2002] surveyed 361 adult residents of Santa Clara County, California in January and February 2002, and the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2005] surveyed 1,007 adult residents of Santa Clara County, California in April 2005. Respondents for both years were asked about their behavior and beliefs regarding arts and culture in their community. The Survey of Cultural Organizations [2002] collected data from 135 organizations in 2001. The organizations were asked a series of questions about their artistic products and programs, organizational capacity, and funding sources in an effort to gather a range of data about the current health and vitality of nonprofit arts groups in the region. The Survey of Silicon Valley Leaders [2005] surveyed adult residents of Santa Clara County between March and April 2005. The survey asked former and current members of American Leadership Forum-Silicon Valley about their organization's ability to attract and retain creative workers to Silicon Valley, as well as their participation, as an individual and with children, in arts and related activities.
description: For the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2002], Cultural Access Group, a survey research firm specializing in surveying across cultural and language barriers, implemented a quota-based in-person "intercept" survey of 361 adult residents of Santa Clara County, California in January and February 2002. Interviews were conducted in English, Spanish, and Vietnamese at 18 locations throughout Santa Clara County. All interviews were conducted on a continuous basis, seven days a week, daytime and evening hours, to ensure proportional representation of the total region.
For the Survey of Cultural Organizations [2002], Cultural Initiatives Silicon Valley constructed and thoroughly refined a database that contained a universe of 531 organizations and associations considered to be potential providers of arts and cultural programming and services in the Santa Clara County region. In 2001, a questionnaire was mailed to these 531 nonprofit organizations. The questionnaire informed respondents that a limited number of the first 100 survey respondents would receive Palm OS handheld computers. One hundred twenty-five organizations out of 531 responded to the survey, while thirty-five questionnaires were returned as undeliverable. In order to establish how representative the respondents were of the entire population of arts organizations in the region, researchers derived a correlation coefficient between the respondents and the database of arts organizations. Examining the distribution of National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities (NTEE) classifications for both datasets returned a correlation coefficient of .90 (p less than .05), and examining the distribution of ZIP codes for both datasets returned a coefficient of .73 (p less than .05). Based upon the correlation between these two datasets and the exhaustiveness of the database developed for this project, the researchers believe that the responses to this survey are a good representation of the community of nonprofit arts organizations in Silicon Valley. The 125 survey respondent organizations are estimated to represent more than 30 percent of all currently operating organizations presenting or performing works for the public or for members, and responsible for more than 80 percent of all attendance at nonprofit arts events in Silicon Valley throughout the 2001 year.
For the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2005], the Survey and Policy Research Institute (SPRI) at San Jose State University conducted a random telephone survey of 1,007 adult residents of Santa Clara County, California between April 11 and 15, 2005. Surveys were conducted in English, Spanish, and Vietnamese. At least six callbacks were made to any household where an answering machine, busy signal, or no answer was encountered. Results were weighted by gender, race, and population for each city and the unincorporated area of the county to reflect the 2000 United States Census Bureau count of persons 18 years of age or older. 
For the Survey of Silicon Valley Leaders [2005], the survey was conducted with the active partnership of American Leadership Forum Silicon Valley. Former and current members of American Leadership Forum-Silicon Valley had access to both paper and online versions of the survey. The Forum compiles a large database of local leaders from Silicon Valley's economic, civic and cultural sectors, from which it selects a representative group of about 20 to participate in a yearlong developmental program. In addition to members of the Forum, a special effort was made to obtain completed surveys from local mayors and city council members.
description: The Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2002 and 2005] asked respondents about their behavior and beliefs regarding arts and culture in their community. The Survey of Cultural Organizations [2002] asked organizations a series of questions about their artistic products and programs, organizational capacity, and funding sources in an effort to gather a range of data about the current health and vitality of nonprofit arts groups in the region. The Survey of Silicon Valley Leaders [2005] asked former and current members of American Leadership Forum-Silicon Valley about their organization's ability to attract and retain creative workers to Silicon Valley, as well as their participation, as an individual and with children, in arts and related activities.
description: For the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2002], Audience Insight conducted weighting of survey responses according to the 2000 Census demographics of Santa Clara County; however, the author elected not to use the weights in the published report due to concerns about the ability to make inferences about the population based on the survey's intercept sampling approach. Because the sample was not technically a random sample, generalizations to the population from which it was drawn are theoretically invalid; however, the deliberate oversampling of Spanish-speaking and Vietnamese-speaking individuals would normally indicate that weights are imperative in order to make the responses more likely to be representative of the true population. Users of the data should consider these issues carefully before determining whether or not to apply weights and how to word any discussions of the survey's results. 
For the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2005], survey results were weighted by gender, race, and population for each city and the unincorporated area of the county to reflect the 2000 United States Census Bureau count of persons 18 years of age or older. The resulting cases were within 1 percent of significant demographic and geographic characteristics of the county.
description: Response Rates: For the Survey of Cultural Organizations [2002], 125 organizations out of 531 responded to the Survey of Santa Clara County Arts Organizations.
description: For the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2002], quota-based, multi-lingual, mobile intercept in-person interviews were used. The margin of error, as derived by Cultural Access Group, was from plus or minus two percent to plus or minus five percent for top level responses at the 95 percent.
For the Survey of Cultural Organizations [2002], Cultural Initiatives Silicon Valley constructed an exhaustive database of 857 organizations throughout Santa Clara County using information provided by the City of San Jose, Arts Council Silicon Valley, tax filing information from the IRS, and incorporation filings from the California Secretary of State. These organizations were considered to be the entire universe of potential nonprofit arts and culture-related organizations in Santa Clara County. After a thorough process of refining this database and assigning NTEE code classifications, the researchers arrived at a universe of 531 organizations and associations that they considered to be potential providers of arts and cultural programming and services in the region.
For the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2005], households in Santa Clara County were selected randomly for inclusion in the sample. Selection at the household level was managed by asking to speak first to the youngest male at home and, if none was available, then to the oldest female. This approach was used to assure an adequate number of young males and older females, who are typically the most difficult populations to survey. The margin of error for the county-wide results is plus or minus 3 percent at the 95 percent confidence level.
 For the Survey of Silicon Valley Leaders [2005], the leadership survey was made available to members of all 16 previous classes of American Leadership Forum-Silicon Valley in both paper and online formats. In addition to members of the Forum, a special effort was made to obtain completed surveys from local mayors and city council members.
description: Datasets: 
DS0: Study-Level Files
DS1: Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2002]
DS2: Survey of Cultural Organizations [2002]
DS3: Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2005]
DS4: Survey of Silicon Valley Leaders [2005]
description: Survey of Silicon Valley Residents [2002 and 2005]: residents age 18 and over in Santa Clara County, California.


Survey of Cultural Organizations [2002]: non-profit arts and culture-related organizations in Santa Clara County, California.


Survey of Silicon Valley Leaders [2005]: Silicon Valley leaders who also were members of the American Leadership Forum-Silicon Valley and/or local mayors and city council members.
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description: computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI); face-to-face interview; mail questionnaireThe 2002 wave of this study was sponsored in partnership with the City of San Jose Office of Cultural Affairs, Americans for the Arts, and the Knight Foundation. Support for the 2005 wave was provided by the James Irvine Foundation, the Knight Foundation, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and Adobe Systems Incorporated.This data collection was previously distributed by the Cultural Policy and the Arts National Data Archive (CPANDA). The CPANDA Identification Number (study number) for the entire data collection is c00019. The CPANDA Identification number for the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents 2002 is a00216, for the Survey of Cultural Organizations 2002 is a00217, for the Survey of Silicon Valley Residents 2005 is a00233, for the Survey of Silicon Valley Leaders 2005 is a00235. CPANDA conducted the following processing steps for release of this collection: produced a codebook, checked for undocumented codes, performed consistency checks, provided frequencies, performed recodes, and reformatted the data.Quick facts for this data collection, "Arts Exposure of Children in the Silicon Valley," are available from the Center for Arts and Cultural Policy Studies (CACPS) at Princeton University.To protect the anonymity of respondents, all variables that could be used to identify individuals have been masked or recoded. For details regarding these changes, please refer to the Codebook Notes provided in the ICPSR Codebook in this data collection.