cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280640.v1
title: Mental disorders in adolescents, youth, and adults in the RPS Birth Cohort Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís), Brazil

description: Abstract: Although depression and anxiety are known to result in disabilities and workplace and health system losses, population-based studies on this problem are rare in Brazil. The current study assessed the prevalence of mental disorders in adolescents, youth, and adults and the relationship to sociodemographic characteristics in five birth cohorts (RPS) in Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo State), Pelotas (Rio Grande do Sul State), and São Luís (Maranhão State), Brazil. Major depressive episode, suicide risk, social phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder were assessed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Bootstrap confidence intervals were estimated and prevalence rates were stratified by sex and socioeconomic status in the R program. The study included 12,350 participants from the cohorts. Current major depressive episode was more prevalent in adolescents in São Luís (15.8%; 95%CI: 14.8-16.8) and adults in Ribeirão Preto (12.9%; 95%CI: 12.0-13.9). The highest prevalence rates for suicide risk were in adults in Ribeirão Preto (13.7%; 95%CI: 12.7-14.7), and the highest rates for social phobia and generalized anxiety were in youth in Pelotas, with 7% (95%CI: 6.3-7.7) and 16.5% (95%CI: 15.4-17.5), respectively. The lowest prevalence rates of suicide risk were in youth in Pelotas (8.8%; 95%CI: 8.0-9.6), social phobia in youth in Ribeirão Preto (1.8%; 95%CI: 1.5-2.2), and generalized anxiety in adolescents in São Luís (3.5%; 95%CI: 3.0-4.0). Mental disorders in general were more prevalent in women and in individuals with lower socioeconomic status, independently of the city and age, emphasizing the need for more investment in mental health in Brazil, including gender and socioeconomic determinants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280642
title: Antenatal exposure to antidepressant drugs and the risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review

description: Abstract: This study investigated whether antenatal exposure to antidepressants (ADs) increases the risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia and other mental illnesses, and cognitive and developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. PubMed, EMBASE, BIREME/BVS databases were searched to identify studies examining associations of ADs in pregnancy with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Twenty studies addressed ASD and/or ADHD risks while 30 focused on developmental and cognitive deficits in infants or preschool children. Most studies detected no association of antenatal AD with ASD after adjustment of risk ratios for maternal depression or psychiatric disorders. Some studies showed that maternal depression, regardless of whether it is treated or untreated, increased ASD risks. Seven out of 8 studies found no increase in ADHD risk associated with antenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the most commonly used AD. No consistent evidence was found linking AD in pregnancy to neurocognitive developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. A residual confounding by indication (depression severity) remained in almost all studies. This systematic review found no consistent evidence suggesting that ADs in pregnancy increase risks of ASD, ADHD, and neurocognitive development deficits. Some studies, however, found evidence that maternal depression increases ASD risks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280635
title: Occupational gender segregation in the Brazilian labor market: a decomposition analysis for the period 2004-2015

description: Abstract This article analyzes the evolution of occupational gender segregation in the Brazilian labor market from 2004 to 2015. Segregation is measured with traditional indicators, such as the dissimilarity and Gini indices, and also using the set of additively decomposable measures proposed by Hutchens (2004), which allows to separate segregation into two parts: one referring to segregation between large occupational groups (1-digit occupational classification), and the other one corresponding to a weighted sum of segregation levels within these groups. Our findings indicate that segregation increased between 2004 and 2015, reversing the downward trend reported in the literature for the period before 2004. The decomposition analysis indicates that this increase has been mainly driven by segregation among broadly defined occupational groups, i.e., across groups entailing very different tasks. We conclude that, as the female labor force participation rate stabilizes, the integration of occupations according to sex may have reached its limit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280638
title: From north to south, from east to west: change in racial identification in Brazil

description: Abstract First, this study updates and reconstructs the analysis carried out by Soares (2008) on the phenomenon of change in racial identification that has been occurring in Brazil since the early 2000s. Second, this analysis is expanded to include research into the existence of regional differences in this process. Results show that increases in the percentage of black population in Brazil, and in all of its five macro-regions were due almost exclusively to the change in the way people see themselves. As for the effect of the change in racial identification on the increase in the number of blacks, it was found that this varies considerably from region to region, being stronger in the South and Southeast major regions. Finally, the paper argues that any intertemporal analysis, starting in the 2000s, involving self-declaration of color or race, is potentially affected by this process of change in racial identification.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280638.v1
title: From north to south, from east to west: change in racial identification in Brazil

description: Abstract First, this study updates and reconstructs the analysis carried out by Soares (2008) on the phenomenon of change in racial identification that has been occurring in Brazil since the early 2000s. Second, this analysis is expanded to include research into the existence of regional differences in this process. Results show that increases in the percentage of black population in Brazil, and in all of its five macro-regions were due almost exclusively to the change in the way people see themselves. As for the effect of the change in racial identification on the increase in the number of blacks, it was found that this varies considerably from region to region, being stronger in the South and Southeast major regions. Finally, the paper argues that any intertemporal analysis, starting in the 2000s, involving self-declaration of color or race, is potentially affected by this process of change in racial identification.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280642.v1
title: Antenatal exposure to antidepressant drugs and the risk of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review

description: Abstract: This study investigated whether antenatal exposure to antidepressants (ADs) increases the risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), schizophrenia and other mental illnesses, and cognitive and developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. PubMed, EMBASE, BIREME/BVS databases were searched to identify studies examining associations of ADs in pregnancy with neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Twenty studies addressed ASD and/or ADHD risks while 30 focused on developmental and cognitive deficits in infants or preschool children. Most studies detected no association of antenatal AD with ASD after adjustment of risk ratios for maternal depression or psychiatric disorders. Some studies showed that maternal depression, regardless of whether it is treated or untreated, increased ASD risks. Seven out of 8 studies found no increase in ADHD risk associated with antenatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, the most commonly used AD. No consistent evidence was found linking AD in pregnancy to neurocognitive developmental deficits in infants or preschool children. A residual confounding by indication (depression severity) remained in almost all studies. This systematic review found no consistent evidence suggesting that ADs in pregnancy increase risks of ASD, ADHD, and neurocognitive development deficits. Some studies, however, found evidence that maternal depression increases ASD risks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280635.v1
title: Occupational gender segregation in the Brazilian labor market: a decomposition analysis for the period 2004-2015

description: Abstract This article analyzes the evolution of occupational gender segregation in the Brazilian labor market from 2004 to 2015. Segregation is measured with traditional indicators, such as the dissimilarity and Gini indices, and also using the set of additively decomposable measures proposed by Hutchens (2004), which allows to separate segregation into two parts: one referring to segregation between large occupational groups (1-digit occupational classification), and the other one corresponding to a weighted sum of segregation levels within these groups. Our findings indicate that segregation increased between 2004 and 2015, reversing the downward trend reported in the literature for the period before 2004. The decomposition analysis indicates that this increase has been mainly driven by segregation among broadly defined occupational groups, i.e., across groups entailing very different tasks. We conclude that, as the female labor force participation rate stabilizes, the integration of occupations according to sex may have reached its limit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280648
title: Presence and extension of the attributes of primary health care in public dental services in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

description: The objective was to compare the presence and extension of primary health care (PHC) in oral health services using the PHC attributes according to three different types of PHC organizational arrangements: Family Health Strategy (FHS), Community Health Service (CHS) and Traditional Primary Care (TPC). This is a cross-sectional study carried out between 2011-2013, following a cluster random sampling strategy. Adult users were interviewed from 15 health services of that 6 were managed by the CHS, 4 by the FHS and 5 by the TPC and which had the same oral health team for at least two years. The final sample was 407 users interviewed using the Primary Care Assessment Tool - Oral Health of Adults evaluation instrument and a sociodemographic questionnaire. PHC scores were calculated and transformed on a scale ranging from 0 to 10. For high scores, the cut-off point &gt; 5.5 was used. Most of the interviewees were females, for the three types of services. The performance of CHS and FHS was higher than those of TPC in almost all attributes (p &lt; 0.05). The extent of PHC attributes in services was poor (overall highest score was 5.75 in CHS). The CHS was the only service witch half of the users (83; 49.1%) rated oral health services as having a high overall score for PHC. It is concluded that there were differences among the organizational arrangements of PHC oral health services, however, there is much to be improved in the orientation of dental care services for PHC. More studies are necessary to evaluate the differences in PHC services considering oral health.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280649
title: Access to healthcare in Portugal in the wake of the crisis. Not everything is money?

description: Unmet healthcare needs have been used to assess access to healthcare. In scenarios of recession and financial constraints on public policies, it is important to identify which factors besides income can be used to mitigate barriers to access. This was the focus of our study on Portugal’s case in the wake of the crisis. We used 17,698 observations from the 5th National Health Survey (2014). We analyzed self-reported unmet needs for medical appointments and treatments, dental healthcare, and prescribed medications. We used a bivariate selection model, considering the fact that unmet needs could only be observed in the subsample of individuals that felt the need for healthcare. The risk of unmet needs for healthcare decreased in individuals with higher income and schooling levels and in the elderly and men. Exclusive coverage by the National Health Service increased the risk of unmet dental healthcare needs. The absence of a circle of close friends to whom one can ask for help and lack of trust in others increased the likelihood of unmet healthcare needs. Better health decreased the risk of unmet needs. While income is an important predictor of unmet needs, we found the impact of other factors such as gender, age, and education. Participation in informal groups reduced the likelihood of unmet needs. Individuals with more healthcare needs end up suffering additional risk.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12210566
title: Relationship between corporate classification of service providers and quality of primary healthcare in Brazil

description: This study aims to investigate a potential association between different categories of service providers in primary healthcare in Brazil and the quality of care provided, as measured by the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Basic Care (PMAQ). The study adopted a quantitative design with a descriptive and inferential approach via logistic regression. A total of 4,469 Brazilian municipalities (counties) were analyzed. The results showed that there was no association between type of service provider (public vs. private) and the score obtained in the certification process (p-value &gt; 0.05). Larger and more socioeconomically dynamic municipalities concentrated the largest proportions of municipalities with primary care services managed by private providers (23.2%). They also received the highest certification scores. Finally, for both categories (public and private), most municipalities obtained intermediate scores (from 50 to 69.99). We thus found that the quality of care in basic healthcare in Brazil, as measured by the PMAQ, is not associated with the type of provider involved in management of the service when the data are analyzed at the municipal level. Private providers and the highest scores in the certification process are concentrated in larger municipalities and those with the best socioeconomic indicators.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280645
title: The effect of children with intellectual disability in the labor supply of mothers in Brazil

description: Abstract This study aims to analyze the relationship between children’s mental illness and mother’s labor supply in Brazil. The analysis stratified results by the degree of limitation resulting from the disability and by type of syndromes or developmental disorders. Data come from the National Health Survey and Logit and Tobit econometric models were used in the estimations. Results suggest an average reduction of 17 percentage points in the probability of mother’s work if they raise a child with intellectual disability and, if disability leads to severe limitation, the reduction may reach 25 percentage points. We also find that the child’s intellectual disability negatively and significantly affects the number of weekly working hours for employed mothers, with an average reduction of 8.9 hours and, in cases of severe limitation, 11,2 hours. These results may have important implications for the formulation of public policies, since the child's intellectual disability proves to be a relevant obstacle to the participation of mothers in the labor market.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280645.v1
title: The effect of children with intellectual disability in the labor supply of mothers in Brazil

description: Abstract This study aims to analyze the relationship between children’s mental illness and mother’s labor supply in Brazil. The analysis stratified results by the degree of limitation resulting from the disability and by type of syndromes or developmental disorders. Data come from the National Health Survey and Logit and Tobit econometric models were used in the estimations. Results suggest an average reduction of 17 percentage points in the probability of mother’s work if they raise a child with intellectual disability and, if disability leads to severe limitation, the reduction may reach 25 percentage points. We also find that the child’s intellectual disability negatively and significantly affects the number of weekly working hours for employed mothers, with an average reduction of 8.9 hours and, in cases of severe limitation, 11,2 hours. These results may have important implications for the formulation of public policies, since the child's intellectual disability proves to be a relevant obstacle to the participation of mothers in the labor market.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280648.v1
title: Presence and extension of the attributes of primary health care in public dental services in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil

description: The objective was to compare the presence and extension of primary health care (PHC) in oral health services using the PHC attributes according to three different types of PHC organizational arrangements: Family Health Strategy (FHS), Community Health Service (CHS) and Traditional Primary Care (TPC). This is a cross-sectional study carried out between 2011-2013, following a cluster random sampling strategy. Adult users were interviewed from 15 health services of that 6 were managed by the CHS, 4 by the FHS and 5 by the TPC and which had the same oral health team for at least two years. The final sample was 407 users interviewed using the Primary Care Assessment Tool - Oral Health of Adults evaluation instrument and a sociodemographic questionnaire. PHC scores were calculated and transformed on a scale ranging from 0 to 10. For high scores, the cut-off point &gt; 5.5 was used. Most of the interviewees were females, for the three types of services. The performance of CHS and FHS was higher than those of TPC in almost all attributes (p &lt; 0.05). The extent of PHC attributes in services was poor (overall highest score was 5.75 in CHS). The CHS was the only service witch half of the users (83; 49.1%) rated oral health services as having a high overall score for PHC. It is concluded that there were differences among the organizational arrangements of PHC oral health services, however, there is much to be improved in the orientation of dental care services for PHC. More studies are necessary to evaluate the differences in PHC services considering oral health.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280649.v1
title: Access to healthcare in Portugal in the wake of the crisis. Not everything is money?

description: Unmet healthcare needs have been used to assess access to healthcare. In scenarios of recession and financial constraints on public policies, it is important to identify which factors besides income can be used to mitigate barriers to access. This was the focus of our study on Portugal’s case in the wake of the crisis. We used 17,698 observations from the 5th National Health Survey (2014). We analyzed self-reported unmet needs for medical appointments and treatments, dental healthcare, and prescribed medications. We used a bivariate selection model, considering the fact that unmet needs could only be observed in the subsample of individuals that felt the need for healthcare. The risk of unmet needs for healthcare decreased in individuals with higher income and schooling levels and in the elderly and men. Exclusive coverage by the National Health Service increased the risk of unmet dental healthcare needs. The absence of a circle of close friends to whom one can ask for help and lack of trust in others increased the likelihood of unmet healthcare needs. Better health decreased the risk of unmet needs. While income is an important predictor of unmet needs, we found the impact of other factors such as gender, age, and education. Participation in informal groups reduced the likelihood of unmet needs. Individuals with more healthcare needs end up suffering additional risk.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280653
title: Risk stratification for prediction of spread and severity by Covid-19 in Brazilian federation units

description: Abstract Objectives: To perform risk stratification for dissemination and mortality by COVID-19 from Brazilian federal units (FU), based on characteristics identified as risk situations. Methods: Social, demographic and health indicators were selected and underwent principal components analysis. Then, it was possible to divide the FUs by cluster analysis. Based on the factor load of the components created, a final score for the UF was obtained and they were then stratified with regard to the risk of dissemination and mortality by COVID-19. Findings: Components created refer to assistance, health (including risk factors), demographic and social conditions. These components allowed for the final classification of the 27 FU, with a difference in order with regard to the potential for dissemination and mortality. Conclusions: We believe risk stratification may be a measure to support public health, defining areas with the greatest potential for damage and on that basis, allow for the creation of priority intervention strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14280654.v1
title: The Civil Registry in the first four months of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil: a comparative study between deaths by month of occurrence and by month of registration

description: Abstract The Civil Registry provides information on demographic studies on mortality, fertility and nuptiality. Questions have been raised about death registration when the causes of death are related to Covid-19. Notification may be delayed. Based on information provided by the Civil Registry of deaths, stratified by two groups - date of registration and date of occurrence - by Covid-19, this study compares these groups by city categories (capital, metropolitan region, interior), over March, April, May and June 2020, occurring in the first four months of the pandemic in Brazil. The magnitude and meaning of the differences in death records between the two groups were assessed. Graphs and linear regression analyses were used for comparisons. The findings indicate a different behavior of deaths per month of registration compared to deaths per month of occurrence between March and June. It is important to identify such a difference in behavior since, for the very short-term monitoring of the pandemic, deaths from registry data anticipate deaths whose records will still be adequately available by occurrence data. Such variation occurs mainly due to the systematic correction and updating of the information. As for the city categories, the biggest difference between deaths by month of occurrence and registration was observed for the municipalities in the interior, in line with the spread of the epidemic towards the interior in the month of May.