DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16913557
title: Optimized PM2.5 Source Profiles Using CMAQ-DDM and a Standard Seed Profile

description: This dataset is a collection of optimized, chemically speciated PM2.5 source profiles for 11 sites in the Western United States on January 1, 2016. The sites are listed below:






Site Name



State



AQS Site ID



Latitude



Longitude





Bakersfield



CA



06-029-0014



35.356092



-119.041209





Boise



ID



16-001-0010



43.600699



-116.3478530





Bountiful



UT



49-011-0004



40.902967



-111.8844670





Denver



CO



08-031-0002



39.7511840



-104.9876250





Fresno



CA



06-019-0011



36.785322



-119.774174





Hawthorne



UT



49-035-3006



40.736389



-111.8722220





Las Vegas



NV



32-003-0540



36.1415384



-115.0820978





Modesto



CA



06-099-0005



37.642165



-120.9942120





Reno



NV



32-031-0016



39.525083



-119.8077170





Sacramento



CA



06-067-0006



38.613779



-121.368014





Visalia



CA



06-107-2002



36.332179



-119.291228





All profiles used the same nonlinear optimization process as explained in Ivey et al. 2016, (doi.org/10.1007/s11783-016-0866-6) with the addition of two source sectors that incorporate aging of initial emissions into PM2.5. "Raw" profiles use unconstrained CMAQ-DDM data for as the sensitivity input, while "NNSA" profiles use only the positive components of this data and treats all negative sensitivity values as 0. Both sets of profiles use chemical speciation network (CSN) measurements collected January 1, 2016 at the sites in question as the observational component. The unconstrained CMAQ-DDM data can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16914295.

The "seed profile" used in the optimization process is also available in this dataset as "Seed_Profile.csv" and uses speciated emissions data from Reff et al., (doi.org/10.1021/es802930x) as well as aged source impacts derived from CMAQ-DDM for AG (doi.org/10.1007/s11783-016-0866-6) and observations of organic nitrate and organosulfate molecular weights for BIO (doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-7307-2015). The optimized profiles are provided without row or column labels, but this information can be found in the seed profile file.

The optimized profiles are normalized by source (i.e., the sum of all species contributions for one source must equal 1), and the units in the profile are grams of speciated PM2.5/gram of total PM2.5 from the source. The source categories used here are:






Category name



Description of included sources





AG



Agricultural activities and livestock operations





AIR



Aircraft operations





BIO



Biogenics





COA



Coal combustion





DUS



Dust





FOI



Fuel oil combustion





MET



Metals processing





NDE



Non-road diesel combustion





NG



Natural gas combustion





NGA



Non-road gasoline





NRO



Non-road combustion of other fuels





ODE



On-road diesel combustion





OGA



On-road gasoline combustion





ORO



On-road combustion of other fuels





OTH



All other sources





RAL



Rail operations





RWC



Residential wood combustion





SHP



Marine shipping operations





SOL



Solvent use