cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092652
title: Comparison of anxiety and child-care education characteristics of mothers who have children with or without speech delays

description: Abstract Introduction: Speech delay in a child could be the cause and/or result of the emotional disorder. The child rearing attitude that the parents have accepted could have both positive and negative effects on the personality of the child. Objective: The current study aimed to investigate the sociodemographic features and the mothers' anxiety of children with speech delay. Methods: One hundred five mothers with children aged between 3 and 6 years with speech delays were included in the patient group, and 105 mothers who have children aged between 3 and 6 years with normal speech and language development were included in the control group. An information form questionnaire including demographic characteristics, the Family Life and Childrearing Attitude Scale (PARI - Parental Attitude Research Instrument) and Beck anxiety scale were requested from all mothers in the patient and the control groups. Results: In the current study, there was a significant difference between the groups in terms of gender (p = 0.001). According to Parental Attitude Research Instrument, the mean of mothers of the children with speech delays was higher than the mean of mothers of normal children in terms of the answers to overprotective mother aspect (p &lt; 0.01). The mothers of children with speech delays had more overprotective motherhood attitudes; however, the difference in terms of the answers to the aspects of democratic attitude and provision of equality, refusal to be a housewife, husband-wife conflict, and suppression and discipline were not statistically significant. The Beck anxiety scale, a significant difference was detected between the two groups (p &lt; 0.01). It was found that the mothers of children with speech delays had more severe levels of anxiety. Conclusion: The social structure of the family, the attitudes and the behaviors of the mother, and the anxiety levels of the mothers have important effects on child development. Thus, it is necessary to perform further studies related to speech delays, in which many factors play a role in the etiology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092661.v1
title: LEARNING AND SENSE: BAKING ACTIVITY OF SETTLED WOMEN

description: ABSTRACT Purpose: This article is the result of an ethnographic study carried out in a settlement in the interior of Paraná, Brazil, which, from the perspective of the Social Learning Theory, aimed to understand how the learning of the productive baking activity of settled women occurs, serving as a path to a diversity of studies that seek to understand why certain practices emerge, institutionalize or are altered over time through an approach that sees them as a collective endeavor. Originality/value: In revealing the sense of the activity and participation of these women in the baking activity and their relation with learning in the enterprise, this study was justified for its contribution to the understanding of this learning, answering questions that can serve as reference to understand the reality of productive groups of this new economy. Design/methodology/approach: The proposals of Engeström (2009) and Nicolini (2009) formed a methodological package whose results showed the sense of activity as the search for an identity, the will to belong, factors generators of internal and external contradictions that extend the horizon of possibilities of the enterprise, leading to an expansionary cycle that causes the development of learning. Findings: The results revealed that in the system of activity, learning and participation are intrinsically related, associating the development of the group with participatory learning and the negotiation of meanings in the community in which it is inserted, linking past and future, individual and collective, new and existing knowledge, in a transformative movement of identities of the subjects and generator of a socially constructed knowledge.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092664.v1
title: The influence of supervised training and of the Institutional Scholarship Program for Initial Teaching (PIBID) on the motivation of future teachers of Biology

description: Abstract In this paper, we examined how the formative experiences offered by an Undergraduate Program of Biological Sciences, with an emphasis on the Institutional Scholarship Program for Initial Teaching (Brazilian PIBID) and supervised training motivated students to pursue teaching careers in basic education. Thus, the Theory of Motivation of Self-Determination was adopted as a theoretical reference. The analyzed data come from autobiographical narratives by six undergraduate students, obtained from individual interviews, analyzed through Interpretative Analysis. In the results, we present and discuss the main elements that motivated or discouraged students in both experiences, resulting in the higher or lower interest of these students in teaching.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092637
title: State of art of landfills that use biogas for the generation of electrical energy and biomethane in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The use of biogas generated by the decomposition of organic matter from urban solid waste, besides being a renewable source of energy, also contributes to the reduction of the methane and carbon dioxide’s release into the atmosphere, which are significant greenhouse effect gases (GHG). However, biogas is little explored in the country and its potential remains controversial, mainly due to the different adopted methodologies of evaluation. This research shows that, between 2004 and 2015, only nine thermoelectric plants were implanted in waste landfills in the country, which together generated 86.3MW of electricity and two plants that produced biomethane. Considering the existing estimates, Brazil exploits only 7 to 20% of the biogas produced in landfills for energy purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092640
title: Wideband acoustic absorbance in children with Down syndrome,

description: Abstract Introduction: Tympanometry is currently the most frequently used tool for assessing the status of the middle ear, commonly assessed using a single 226 Hz tone. However, the use of the Acoustic Immittance Measures with a wideband stimulus is a promising high-resolution evaluation, especially in individuals known to have middle ear alterations, such as Down syndrome patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the acoustic absorbance measurements in children with Down syndrome. Methods: Cross-sectional study, approved by the institution's ethics committee. Data were collected from 30 children, with a mean age of 8.4 years, 15 with Down syndrome (DS-study group) and 15 children with typical development and no hearing complaints (control group). Energy absorbance was measured at frequencies of 226-8000 Hz at ambient pressure and at peak pressure as a function of frequency using TITAN equipment. Statistical analysis was performed using the established level of statistical significance of 5%. Results: With the 226 Hz probe tone, 30 ears of the control group and 22 of the study group exhibited Type A tympanograms, whereas Type B was observed in eight children in the study group. The mean acoustic absorbance ratio of the study group was lower than that of the control group at frequencies centered at 2520 Hz (p = 0.008) for those with normal tympanometry results, and 226-4000 Hz (p &lt; 0.03) for those with a Type B tympanometry curve. Conclusion: The low energy absorption in the presence of normal tympanograms in children with Down syndrome may suggest middle ear abnormalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092646
title: POWER, IDENTITY, AND CULTURE IN INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF ACADEMIC WRITING

description: ABSTRACT Issues surrounding English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and its use by English as an additional language (EAL) students in higher education have become increasingly significant in recent years, fueled both by increased international student mobility and increased linguistic and cultural diversity within and outside of the student body. As well as posing language-related challenges, the transfer of EAL students to an English-speaking foreign university also demands the negotiation of new university expectations, channeled through a new cultural environment. While Academic Literacies research has identified that concepts such as power, identity, and culture play a role in academic writing, students’ own perceptions remain relatively unexplored. Consequently, this study analyzes the ways in which EAL students articulate their relationship with academic writing at a tertiary institution in Ireland. Data for this study were gathered through questionnaires and interviews and analyzed through discourse analysis through a critical lens. The findings suggest that while participants generally positively reflect on their ability to negotiate academic writing through the English language, there is nonetheless a high level of conflict between dominant linguistic norms and the students’ expression of their identity and culture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092649
title: Sourgrass Resistance Mechanism to the Herbicide Glyphosate

description: ABSTRACT: The knowledge on the mechanism that gives a weed resistance to a particular herbicide is essential regarding scientific, academic, and practical aspects because it determines the recommendations for prevention and management of resistance in the field. Studies on the sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) glyphosate resistance mechanism in the literature have not been conclusive. Thus, the aim of this research was to study and evaluate the putative resistance mechanisms whichgives sourgrass biotypes, the ability to survive after glyphosate application. For this, 14C-glyphosate leaf absorption and translocation were compared in the biotypes Matão (R), Campo Florido (MG), Diamantino (MT), and Iracemápolis (S) as a function of the time after its application. In addition, the possibility that the mechanism of resistance results from a mutation in the EPSPs-encoding gene was also studied. The biotypes S, R, MG, and MT absorbed similar amounts of 14C-glyphosate. The biotypes R, MG, and MT did not present differences in 14C-glyphosate translocation when compared to the biotype S. The sequencing of the EPSPs-encoding gene showed no mutation in the regions 106 and 182, which normally give resistance to glyphosate in the case of other species. No mutation in the EPSPs-encoding gene was observed. Therefore, they are not glyphosate resistance mechanisms for the evaluated biotypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092640.v1
title: Wideband acoustic absorbance in children with Down syndrome,

description: Abstract Introduction: Tympanometry is currently the most frequently used tool for assessing the status of the middle ear, commonly assessed using a single 226 Hz tone. However, the use of the Acoustic Immittance Measures with a wideband stimulus is a promising high-resolution evaluation, especially in individuals known to have middle ear alterations, such as Down syndrome patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the acoustic absorbance measurements in children with Down syndrome. Methods: Cross-sectional study, approved by the institution's ethics committee. Data were collected from 30 children, with a mean age of 8.4 years, 15 with Down syndrome (DS-study group) and 15 children with typical development and no hearing complaints (control group). Energy absorbance was measured at frequencies of 226-8000 Hz at ambient pressure and at peak pressure as a function of frequency using TITAN equipment. Statistical analysis was performed using the established level of statistical significance of 5%. Results: With the 226 Hz probe tone, 30 ears of the control group and 22 of the study group exhibited Type A tympanograms, whereas Type B was observed in eight children in the study group. The mean acoustic absorbance ratio of the study group was lower than that of the control group at frequencies centered at 2520 Hz (p = 0.008) for those with normal tympanometry results, and 226-4000 Hz (p &lt; 0.03) for those with a Type B tympanometry curve. Conclusion: The low energy absorption in the presence of normal tympanograms in children with Down syndrome may suggest middle ear abnormalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092649.v1
title: Sourgrass Resistance Mechanism to the Herbicide Glyphosate

description: ABSTRACT: The knowledge on the mechanism that gives a weed resistance to a particular herbicide is essential regarding scientific, academic, and practical aspects because it determines the recommendations for prevention and management of resistance in the field. Studies on the sourgrass (Digitaria insularis) glyphosate resistance mechanism in the literature have not been conclusive. Thus, the aim of this research was to study and evaluate the putative resistance mechanisms whichgives sourgrass biotypes, the ability to survive after glyphosate application. For this, 14C-glyphosate leaf absorption and translocation were compared in the biotypes Matão (R), Campo Florido (MG), Diamantino (MT), and Iracemápolis (S) as a function of the time after its application. In addition, the possibility that the mechanism of resistance results from a mutation in the EPSPs-encoding gene was also studied. The biotypes S, R, MG, and MT absorbed similar amounts of 14C-glyphosate. The biotypes R, MG, and MT did not present differences in 14C-glyphosate translocation when compared to the biotype S. The sequencing of the EPSPs-encoding gene showed no mutation in the regions 106 and 182, which normally give resistance to glyphosate in the case of other species. No mutation in the EPSPs-encoding gene was observed. Therefore, they are not glyphosate resistance mechanisms for the evaluated biotypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092634
title: Size of plots for experiments with cactus pear cv. Gigante

description: ABSTRACT The definition of experimental plot size is an essential tool to ensure precision in statistical analysis in experiments. The objective of this study was to estimate the plot size for the cactus pear cv. Gigante using the Modified Maximum Curvature Method, under the semi-arid conditions of Northeastern Brazil. The uniformity test was conducted at the Federal Institute of Bahia, Guanambi Campus, Bahia state, Brazil, during the agricultural period from 2009 to 2011. The spatial arrangement was composed of ten rows with 50 plants each, whose evaluated area was formed by the eight central rows with 48 plants per row, making 384 plants and area of 153.60 m2. The following variables were evaluated: plant height; length, width and thickness of cladode; number of cladodes; total area of cladodes; cladode area and green mass yield in the third production cycle. In the evaluations, each plant was considered as a basic experimental unit (BEU), with an area of 0.4 m2, comprising 384 basic units (BU), whose adjacent ones were combined to form 15 pre-established plot sizes with rectangular shapes and in rows. The characteristics total area of cladodes and green mass yield require larger plot sizes to be evaluated with greater experimental accuracy. For experimental evaluation of cactus pear cv. Gigante, plot size should be eight plants in the direction of the crop row.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092646.v1
title: POWER, IDENTITY, AND CULTURE IN INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF ACADEMIC WRITING

description: ABSTRACT Issues surrounding English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and its use by English as an additional language (EAL) students in higher education have become increasingly significant in recent years, fueled both by increased international student mobility and increased linguistic and cultural diversity within and outside of the student body. As well as posing language-related challenges, the transfer of EAL students to an English-speaking foreign university also demands the negotiation of new university expectations, channeled through a new cultural environment. While Academic Literacies research has identified that concepts such as power, identity, and culture play a role in academic writing, students’ own perceptions remain relatively unexplored. Consequently, this study analyzes the ways in which EAL students articulate their relationship with academic writing at a tertiary institution in Ireland. Data for this study were gathered through questionnaires and interviews and analyzed through discourse analysis through a critical lens. The findings suggest that while participants generally positively reflect on their ability to negotiate academic writing through the English language, there is nonetheless a high level of conflict between dominant linguistic norms and the students’ expression of their identity and culture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092625
title: Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in beef cattle from the northern region of Paraná state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The presence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in beef cattle slaughtered in the northern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, was evaluated. A total of 401 blood samples were collected; 281 samples from the municipality of Rolândia and 120 from the municipality of Borrazópolis, between April 2015 and November 2016. Of the total samples, 289 were from females and 112 from males, aged one and a half to eight years. Indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was performed, using a cut-off of 1:100. Variables were tabulated for statistical analyses (Fisher’s exact test and chi-square tests, p≤0.05). The analysis showed that of the 401 samples, 37 were positive for N. caninum, indicating a prevalence of 9.2 %, and observed titers were 1:100 (16), 1:200 (14), and 1:400 (7). The variables sex, age, and location did not differ statistically (p&gt;0.05). Our results showed a sero-occurrence of N. caninum in cattle slaughtered in the northern region of the state of Paraná.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092634.v1
title: Size of plots for experiments with cactus pear cv. Gigante

description: ABSTRACT The definition of experimental plot size is an essential tool to ensure precision in statistical analysis in experiments. The objective of this study was to estimate the plot size for the cactus pear cv. Gigante using the Modified Maximum Curvature Method, under the semi-arid conditions of Northeastern Brazil. The uniformity test was conducted at the Federal Institute of Bahia, Guanambi Campus, Bahia state, Brazil, during the agricultural period from 2009 to 2011. The spatial arrangement was composed of ten rows with 50 plants each, whose evaluated area was formed by the eight central rows with 48 plants per row, making 384 plants and area of 153.60 m2. The following variables were evaluated: plant height; length, width and thickness of cladode; number of cladodes; total area of cladodes; cladode area and green mass yield in the third production cycle. In the evaluations, each plant was considered as a basic experimental unit (BEU), with an area of 0.4 m2, comprising 384 basic units (BU), whose adjacent ones were combined to form 15 pre-established plot sizes with rectangular shapes and in rows. The characteristics total area of cladodes and green mass yield require larger plot sizes to be evaluated with greater experimental accuracy. For experimental evaluation of cactus pear cv. Gigante, plot size should be eight plants in the direction of the crop row.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092637.v1
title: State of art of landfills that use biogas for the generation of electrical energy and biomethane in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The use of biogas generated by the decomposition of organic matter from urban solid waste, besides being a renewable source of energy, also contributes to the reduction of the methane and carbon dioxide’s release into the atmosphere, which are significant greenhouse effect gases (GHG). However, biogas is little explored in the country and its potential remains controversial, mainly due to the different adopted methodologies of evaluation. This research shows that, between 2004 and 2015, only nine thermoelectric plants were implanted in waste landfills in the country, which together generated 86.3MW of electricity and two plants that produced biomethane. Considering the existing estimates, Brazil exploits only 7 to 20% of the biogas produced in landfills for energy purposes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092622
title: Budget analysis of the ‘Brazil Quilombola Program’ in the state of Maranhão and nationwide: the decline of a public policy

description: Abstract One milestone of the public policies directed to the Quilombola communities in Brazil was the launch of the ‘Brazil Quilombola Program’ (PBQ) and its institutionalization with the ‘Quilombola Social Agenda’. The objective of this article is to analyze the budgetary allocation of the ‘Brazil Quilombola Program’ and its relation with the implementation of public policies in Brazil and the state of Maranhão. The methodology was based on data analysis of the Brazilian Law of Budgetary Guidelines for the period 2004 to 2014, and on documentary analysis. The budget data was obtained from the online portal ‘Siga Brasil’ of the Federal Senate, which compiles data from the Federal Government’s Integrated System of Financial Administration (Siafi). Documentary analyzes were carried out in the State Plan for Integrated Actions of the Brazil Quilombola Plan in Maranhão and in the Report on the Implementation of the Brazil Quilombola Plan in Maranhão. The data gathered led to the conclusion that the Brazil Quilombola Program operated as a governance device that symbolically included Quilombola communities, apparently meeting demands of social movements. However, in practice, it effectively excluded them, because of the budget’s regulation. In addition, it was noted the decline, at least in terms of budget, of public policies with racial cut in the country within the federal government.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092625.v1
title: Anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in beef cattle from the northern region of Paraná state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The presence of anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in beef cattle slaughtered in the northern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, was evaluated. A total of 401 blood samples were collected; 281 samples from the municipality of Rolândia and 120 from the municipality of Borrazópolis, between April 2015 and November 2016. Of the total samples, 289 were from females and 112 from males, aged one and a half to eight years. Indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was performed, using a cut-off of 1:100. Variables were tabulated for statistical analyses (Fisher’s exact test and chi-square tests, p≤0.05). The analysis showed that of the 401 samples, 37 were positive for N. caninum, indicating a prevalence of 9.2 %, and observed titers were 1:100 (16), 1:200 (14), and 1:400 (7). The variables sex, age, and location did not differ statistically (p&gt;0.05). Our results showed a sero-occurrence of N. caninum in cattle slaughtered in the northern region of the state of Paraná.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8092610
title: Validation of a customized subset of SNPs for sheep breed assignment in Brazil

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the usefulness of a subset of 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for breed identification of Brazilian Crioula, Morada Nova (MN), and Santa Inês (SI) sheep. Data of 588 animals were analyzed with the Structure software. Assignments higher than 90% confidence were observed in 82% of the studied samples. Most of the low-value assignments were observed in MN and SI breeds. Therefore, although there is a high reliability in this subset of 18 SNPs, it is not enough for an unequivocal assignment of the studied breeds, mainly of hair breeds. A more precise panel still needs to be developed for the widespread use in breed assignment.