DOI: 10.5061/dryad.352385k
title: Data from: Parasitism offers large rewards but carries high risks: predicting parasitic strategies under different life history conditions in lampreys

description: The loss of parasitism in metazoan lineages is often seen as unlikely, but
 it has occurred in some lineages (e.g., leeches, lampreys). How and why
 parasitism is lost is aptly addressed by studying lampreys, because extant
 species include a range of feeding modes and parasitism has been lost
 repeatedly. An individual‐based model was developed to determine if
 variations in survival and growth rates in the larval and juvenile stages
 could favor parasitic or non‐parasitic strategies. A realization of the
 model for a Lampetra spp. population, a genus which includes parasitic and
 non‐parasitic animals, indicated that both strategies could be successful.
 A different model realization of the non‐parasitic species Lethenteron
 appendix also agreed with expectations, only non‐parasitic strategies were
 successful. Modeling anadromous Petromyzon marinus produced only parasitic
 animals, as expected, but suggested two different adult sizes should
 appear in the population, which has not been reported in the literature.
 Finally, a realization of an Ichthyomyzon castaneus population, only known
 to produce parasites, rarely selected for parasitism (~7% of model
 iterations), possibly because the population used to parameterize the
 model was unusual for the species. The results suggest that non‐parasitism
 in lampreys is common because parasitism, while offering better growth,
 also has lower survival. Additionally, non‐parasitic species may be
 generated at different rates because growth and survival thresholds in the
 model favoring parasitism are close to observed estimates in some
 populations. Loss of parasitism can occur when species have different
 tradeoffs in growth environments between life stages.
description: Data used to generate
 life history space figureThe data used to
 generate the figure showing life history space (Figure 4). Additionally,
 final adult weight is included. These data were generated by the model
 used within the paper.Extant max and min
 lamprey life histories dataData used to generate
 Figure 1, the life history space occupied by lampreys. Values were the
 minimum and maximum values from Renaud 2011 publication (Lampreys of the
 world)* for species which were known to be parasitic or non-parasitic.
 Unusual species, (i.e., dwarf parasitics) were not included in these
 minimums and maximums to clarify the meaning of the figure, because it is
 conceptual. *Renaud, Claude. (2011). Lampreys of the World. An Annotated
 and Illustrated Catalogue of Lamprey Species Known to
 Date.Lamprey Life Histories
 Conceptual Data.csvLamprey life history
 data bookAll fecundity data
 extracted from Renaud's 2011 publication (Lampreys of the world):
 Renaud, Claude. (2011). Lampreys of the World. An Annotated and
 Illustrated Catalogue of Lamprey Species Known to Date.Data for
 histograms_weight and countsData used to generate
 histograms, which were developed by taking the number of observations at
 an adult body size generated by each model realization.