cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d7wm37q4n
title: Conspicuous coloration of toxin-resistant predators implicates additional trophic interactions in a predator-prey arms race

description: Antagonistic coevolution between natural enemies can produce highly
 exaggerated traits, such as prey toxins and predator resistance. This
 reciprocal process of adaptation and counter-adaptation may also open
 doors to other evolutionary novelties not directly involved in the
 phenotypic interface of coevolution. We tested the hypothesis that
 predator-prey coevolution coincided with the evolution of conspicuous
 coloration on resistant predators that retain prey toxins. In western
 North America, common garter snakes (Thamnophis sirtalis) have evolved
 extreme resistance to tetrodotoxin (TTX) in the coevolutionary arms race
 with their deadly prey, Pacific newts (Taricha spp.). TTX-resistant snakes
 can retain large amounts of ingested TTX, which could serve as a deterrent
 against the snakes’ own predators if TTX toxicity and resistance are
 coupled with a conspicuous warning signal. We evaluated whether arms race
 escalation co-varies with bright red coloration in snake populations
 across the geographic mosaic of coevolution. Snake color variation departs
 from the neutral expectations of population genetic structure and
 co-varies with escalating clines of newt TTX and snake resistance at two
 coevolutionary hotspots. In the Pacific Northwest, bright red coloration
 fits an expected pattern of an aposematic warning to avian predators:
 TTX-resistant snakes that consume highly toxic newts also have relatively
 large, reddish-orange dorsal blotches. Snake coloration also seems to have
 evolved with the arms race in California, but overall patterns are less
 intuitively consistent with aposematism. These results suggest that
 interactions with additional trophic levels can generate novel traits as a
 cascading consequence of arms race coevolution across the geographic
 mosaic.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qrt6z3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1362 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
 "TaxonKey is Holocephali"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1362 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003318-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d7wm37q4p
title: Latitudinal cline for hypoxia but not low pH in Tigriopus californicus

description: Intertidal organisms must tolerate daily fluctuations in environmental
 parameters, and repeated exposure to co-occurring conditions may result in
 tolerance to multiple stressors correlating.  The intertidal
 copepod Tigriopus californicus experiences diurnal variation in dissolved
 oxygen levels and pH as the opposing processes of photosynthesis and
 cellular respiration lead to coordinated highs during the day and lows at
 night.  While environmental parameters with overlapping spatial
 gradients frequently result in correlated traits, less attention has been
 given to exploring temporally correlated stressors.  We
 investigated whether hypoxia tolerance correlates with low pH tolerance by
 separately testing the hypoxia and low pH stress tolerance separately of 6
 genetically differentiated populations of T. californicus.  We
 independently checked for similarities in tolerance for each of the two
 stressors by latitude, sex, size, and time since collection as
 predictors.  We found that although hypoxia tolerance correlated
 with latitude, low pH tolerance did not, and no predictor was significant
 for both stressors.  We concluded that temporally coordinated
 exposure to low pH and low oxygen did not result in populations developing
 equivalent tolerance for both. Although climate change alters several
 environmental variables simultaneously, organisms’ abilities to tolerate
 these changes may not be similarly coupled. 
description: Observations were collected in the field or in the laboratory by
 the authors.
description: A spreadsheet program for .csv files. An
 internet browser for the .svg file. A word processing
 program for the .docx and txt files. R programming
 language for the R-script.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8931zcrv4
title: Data from: Parallel shifts in trout feeding morphology suggest rapid adaptation to alpine lake environments

description: Eco-evolutionary interactions following ecosystem change provide critical
 insight into the ability of organisms to adapt to shifting resource
 landscapes. Here we explore evidence for the rapid parallel evolution of
 trout feeding morphology following eco-evolutionary interactions with
 zooplankton in alpine lakes stocked at different points in time in the
 Wind River Range (Wyoming, USA). In this system, trout predation has
 altered the zooplankton species community and driven a decrease in average
 zooplankton size. In some lakes that were stocked decades ago, we find
 shifts in gill raker traits consistent with the hypothesis that trout have
 rapidly adapted to exploit available smaller-bodied zooplankton more
 effectively. We explore this morphological response in multiple lake
 populations across two species of trout (cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus
 clarkii, and golden trout Oncorhynchus aguabonita) and examine the impact
 of resource availability on morphological variation in gill raker number
 among lakes. Furthermore, we present genetic data to provide evidence that
 historically stocked cutthroat trout populations likely derive from
 multiple population sources, and incorporate variation from genomic
 relatedness in our exploration of environmental predictors of feeding
 morphology. These findings describe rapid adaptation and eco-evolutionary
 interactions in trout and document an evolutionary response to novel,
 contemporary ecosystem change.
description: Trout were sampled with gill nets from alpine lakes in the Wind
 River Range (WY, USA) during the summers of 2018 - 2021. Gill raker data
 (i.e., feeding morphology) was collected by dissecting gill arches and
 obtaining measurements of morpholgoical features from gill arch
 photographs. Stomach content data was also collected from trout stomachs
 for a subset of samples, and raw data was obtained by counting the number
 of prey items within each identifiable taxonomic group. Environmental
 variables for each lake were also obtained either in the field or from
 Google Earth (Google Earth Pro, v7.3.4, accessed 2022) or Google Earth
 Engine (Gorelick et al. 2017, accessed 2022). Genotyping-by-sequencing
 data was collected for a subset of samples according to the same protocol
 outlined in Combrink et al., (2022) and Rosenthal et al., (2022)
 "Hybridization decreases native cutthroat trout reproductive
 fitness". Sequences were aligned to a Rainbow trout reference genome
 using the bwa algorithm and variants were called. A complete description
 of methods can be found in Combrink et al., (2022) Parallel Shifts in
 Trout Feeding Morphology Suggest Rapid Adaptation to Alpine Lake
 Environments"
description: R (R Core Team, 2012) and R Studio (Allaire, 2009). Google Earth
 (Google Earth Pro, v7.3.4, accessed 2022). Google Earth Engine (Gorelick
 et al. 2017).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t1g1jwt5q
title: Data from: Muscle force-length dynamics during walking over obstacles indicates delayed recovery and a shift towards more strut-like function in birds with proprioceptive deficit

description: Recent studies of in vivo muscle function in guinea fowl revealed that
 distal leg muscles rapidly modulate force and work to stabilize running in
 uneven terrain. Previous studies focused on running only, and it remains
 unclear how muscular mechanisms for stability differ between walking and
 running. Here we investigate in vivo function of the lateral gastrocnemius
 (LG) during walking over obstacles. We compare muscle function in birds
 with intact (iLG) versus self-reinnervated LG (rLG). Self-reinnervation
 results in proprioceptive feedback deficit due to loss of monosynaptic
 stretch reflex. We test the hypothesis that proprioceptive deficit results
 in decreased modulation of EMG activity in response to obstacle contact,
 and a delayed obstacle recovery compared to iLG. We found that total
 myoelectric intensity (Etot) of iLG increased by 68% in obstacle strides
 (S 0) compared to level terrain, suggesting a substantial reflex-mediated
 response. In contrast, Etot of rLG increased by 31% in S 0 strides
 compared to level, but also increased by 43% in the first post-obstacle
 (S+1) stride. In iLG, muscle force and work differed significantly from
 level only in the S 0 stride, indicating a single-stride recovery. In rLG,
 force increased in S 0, S+1, and S+2 compared to level, indicating
 three-stride obstacle recovery. Interestingly, rLG showed little variation
 in work output and shortening velocity obstacle terrain, indicating a
 shift towards near isometric strut-like function. Reinnervated birds also
 adopt a more crouched posture across level and obstacle terrains compared
 to intact birds. These findings suggest gait specific control mechanisms
 in walking and running.
description: See publication for detailed instruction on data collection
 protocols.  The data in this kinematics data sheet consist of 1987 strides of 12 individual guinea fowl (<em>Numida meleagris</em>) walking on a treadmill. The muscle dynamics table consists of 1344 strides during which EMG activation, muscle shortening dynamics and muscle force were collected. 6 of these animals were of an intact (I) cohort, the other 6 had undergone a self-reinnervation treatment at the LG muscle, resulting in a proprioceptive deficit in this muscle. The data presented in this datasheet has been used in the statistical analysis to produce the figures and statistics in the paper.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5ewem6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3619 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Lyssa zampa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3619 records from 22 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003317-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.djh9w0w3s
title: History of the Giraffe Pipe locality inferred from microfossil remains: A thriving freshwater ecosystem near the Arctic Circle during the warm Eocene

description: How will freshwater lakes in the Arctic respond to climate change,
 especially if polar amplification results in even greater warming at these
 northern latitudes? Deep-time analogs offer opportunities to understand
 the potential impacts of future climate warming on Arctic environments.
 The Giraffe Pipe fossil locality located in the Northwest Territories of
 Canada offers a window into the life of a thriving Arctic freshwater
 ecosystem in the Eocene under greenhouse conditions. The remains of an
 extensive deposit of microfossils, including photosynthetic protists
 (chrysophytes, diatoms and green algae), heterotrophic protists
 (euglyphids, heliozoans, paraphysomonads, and rotosphaerids), and sponges,
 were used to reconstruct the history of the ancient water body. The
 concentrations and diversity of chrysophyte taxa were extensive throughout
 the core, accounting for over 70 % of the microfossil remains. The ratio
 of chrysophyte cysts to diatom valves, with a mean value near 14
 throughout the core, further emphasized the dominance of the chrysophytes,
 and given the high diversity of taxa the locality represents a
 “paleo-hotspot” for this eukaryote lineage. Based on the totality of
 fossil evidence, the waterbody within the Giraffe Pipe crater represented
 a series of relatively shallow aquatic habitats, with changing physical
 and chemical conditions and varying water depths. Five major zones were
 identified, each found to be stable for an extended period of time, but
 with distinct transitions between successive zones signaling significant
 shifts in environmental conditions. The study provides valuable insight
 into how Arctic freshwater ecosystems responded to past warm climates, and
 to the organisms that could potentially thrive in these environments under
 future warming scenarios.
description: Analysis of an extensive drilled core from the Giraffe Pipe
 fossil locality. Rock samples were removed from specific depths along the
 core, and oxidized with different acid treatments resulting in aqueous
 slurries containing siliceous microfossils. Each sample was then studied
 with scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Identifications of
 all organisms were identified, quantified, and used in the analysis.
 Step-by-step details are contained within the publication in the Journal
 of Paleontology.
description: Microsoft excel
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nzs7h44vj
title: Data from: Does tolerance allow bonobos to outperform chimpanzees on a cooperative task? A conceptual replication of Hare et al., 2007

description: Across various taxa, social tolerance is thought to facilitate
 cooperation, and many species are treated as having species-specific
 patterns of social tolerance. Yet studies that assess wild and captive
 bonobos and chimpanzees result in contrasting findings. By replicating a
 cornerstone experimental study on tolerance and cooperation in bonobos and
 chimpanzees (Hare et al., 2007 Cur. Biol. 17, 619–623), we aim to
 understand whether current discrepant findings may result from noise,
 methodological differences, or behavioural variability. We tested bonobos
 and chimpanzees housed at the same facility in a co-feeding and
 cooperation task. Food was placed on dishes located on both ends or in the
 middle of a platform. In the co-feeding task, the tray was simply made
 available to the ape duos, whereas in the cooperation task the apes had to
 simultaneously pull at both ends of a rope attached to the platform to
 retrieve the food. In contrast to the published findings, bonobos and
 chimpanzees co-fed to a similar degree, indicating a similar level of
 tolerance. However, bonobos cooperated more than chimpanzees when the food
 was monopolizable, which replicates the original study. Our findings call
 into question the interpretation that at the species level bonobos
 cooperate to a higher degree because they are inherently more tolerant.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9w0vt4bk2
title: Periodical cicada emergences affect masting behavior of oaks

description: Oaks (Quercus spp.) are well-known “masting” species exhibiting highly
 variable and synchronized acorn production. We investigated the hypothesis
 that periodical cicadas (Magicada spp.), well-known to have
 strong effects on the ecosystems in which they occur, affect acorn
 production of oaks through their xylem feeding habits as nymphs, the
 oviposition damage they inflect as adults during emergences, or the
 nutrient pulse resulting from the decomposition of their bodies following
 breeding. We found negative effects on acorn production during emergence
 years and the year following emergences, and enhanced acorn production two
 years post-emergence. We also found evidence suggesting a significant
 effect of cicada emergences on spatial synchrony of acorn production by
 trees growing within the range of the same cicada brood compared to
 different broods. These results demonstrate that periodical cicadas act as
 a trophic environmental “veto” depressing acorn production during and
 immediately following emergences, after which the nutrient pulse
 associated with the cicada’s demise enhances oak reproduction.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fxc99r
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1328 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Fish occurrence in Kuban River basin"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1328 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003319-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6djh9w14h
title: Data for: The public sphere as a normative ideal for public communications: From mass media to digital platforms

description: Public sphere is a normative concept that has long been associated with
 traditional media; however, its validity and feasibility is tested under
 the digital media age. Implications needs to be valued under the growing
 concern over trust or mistrust against the social media, where
 ‘mediasphere’ became more relevant than ‘public sphere’. This study
 employs systematic literature review as the main research approach,
 sampling from 7449 papers to 535 corpus, to investigate discussions of
 public sphere under the relevance of trust communications. Findings
 suggest that the term ‘public sphere’ has increased since 2017, with an
 explicit correlation with trust in media more broadly.  
description: Collected from ProQuest and EBSCOhost, processed by PRISMA and
 Python.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.931zcrjpk
title: Data from: Sex differences in the predictability of risk-taking behaviour

description: Recent research has found that individuals often vary in how consistently
 they express their behaviour over time (i.e. behavioural predictability)
 and suggested that these individual differences may be heritable. However,
 little is known about the intrinsic factors that drive variation in the
 predictability of behaviour. Indeed, whether variation in behavioural
 predictability is sex-specific is not clear. This is important, as
 behavioural predictability has been associated with vulnerability to
 predation, suggesting that the predictability of behavioural traits may
 have key fitness implications. We investigated whether male and female
 eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) differed in the predictability
 of their risk-taking behaviour. Specifically, over a total of 954
 behavioural trials, we repeatedly measured risk-taking behaviour with
 three commonly used assays—refuge-use, thigmotaxis, and foraging latency.
 We predicted that there would be consistent sex differences in both
 mean-level risk-taking behaviour and behavioural predictability across the
 assays. We found that risk-taking behaviour was repeatable within each
 assay, and that some individuals were consistently bolder than others
 across all three assays. There were also consistent sex differences in
 mean-level risk-taking behaviour, with males being bolder across all three
 assays compared to females. In contrast, both the magnitude and direction
 of sex differences in behavioural predictability were assay specific.
 Taken together, these results highlight that behavioural predictability
 may be independent from underlying mean-level behavioural traits and
 suggest that males and females may differentially adjust the consistency
 of their risk-taking behaviour in response to subtle changes in
 environmental conditions.
description: See README.md file for methods description.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxpz4
title: Phylogenomics and the first higher taxonomy of Placozoa, an ancient and enigmatic animal phylum

description: Placozoa is an ancient phylum of extraordinarily unusual animals:
 miniscule, ameboid creatures that lack most fundamental animal features.
 Despite high genetic diversity, only recently have the second and third
 species been named. While prior genomic studies suffer from incomplete
 placozoan taxon sampling, we more than double the count with protein
 sequences from seven key genomes and produce the first nuclear
 phylogenomic reconstruction of all major placozoan lineages. This leads us
 to the first complete Linnaean taxonomic classification of Placozoa, over
 a century after its discovery: This may be the only time in the 21st
 century when an entire higher taxonomy for a whole animal phylum is
 formalized. Our classification establishes 2 new classes, 4 new orders, 3
 new families, 1 new genus, and 1 new species, namely classes
 Polyplacotomia and Uniplacotomia; orders Polyplacotomea, Trichoplacea,
 Cladhexea, and Hoilungea; families Polyplacotomidae, Cladtertiidae, and
 Hoilungidae; and genus Cladtertia with species Cladtertia collaboinventa,
 nov. Our likelihood and gene content tree topologies refine the
 relationships determined in previous studies. Adding morphological data
 into our phylogenomic matrices suggests sponges (Porifera) as the sister
 to other animals, indicating that modest data addition shifts this node
 away from comb jellies (Ctenophora). Furthermore, by adding the first
 genomic protein data of the exceptionally distinct and branching
 Polyplacotoma mediterranea, we solidify its position as sister to all
 other placozoans; a divergence we estimate to be over 400 million years
 old. Yet even this deep split sits on a long branch to other animals,
 suggesting a bottleneck event followed by diversification. Ancestral state
 reconstructions indicate large shifts in gene content within Placozoa,
 with Hoilungia hongkongensis and its closest relatives having the most
 unique genetics.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j3tx95xjh
title: Rapid evolution of ecological sexual dimorphism driven by resource competition

description: Sex differences in ecologically-important traits are common in animals and
 plants, and prompted Darwin to first propose an ecological cause of sexual
 dimorphism. Despite theoretical plausibility and Darwin’s original notion,
 a role for ecological resource competition in the evolution of sexual
 dimorphism has never been directly demonstrated and remains controversial.
 I used experimental evolution in Drosophila melanogaster to test
 the hypothesis that resource competition can drive the evolution of sex
 differences in diet. Following just three generations of adaptation,
 offspring from flies evolved in low-resource, high-competition
 environments show elevated sexual dimorphism in diet preference compared
 to both the ancestor and populations evolved on high resource
 availability. This increased sexual dimorphism was the result of
 divergence in male sucrose intake and female yeast intake consistent with
 the differential nutritional requirements of the
 sexes.  These results provide the first real-time direct
 evidence for evolution of sexual dimorphism driven by resource
 competition.