DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bzkh189mc
title: Data from: Preparation and properties of nano-TiO₂/SiO₂ composite sol-modified cotton fabrics

description: The growing demand for eco-friendly and multifunctional textile finishings
 led to significant attention being placed on sustainable water repellent,
 ultraviolet (UV)-protective, and self-cleaning agents. In this study, a
 TiO₂/SiO₂ composite sol was prepared via the sol–gel method and applied to
 cotton fabric surfaces, thereby endowing textiles with superhydrophobic,
 anti-UV, and self-cleaning functionalities. X-ray photoelectron
 spectroscopy confirmed the formation of robust covalent bonds (C–O–Ti and
 C–O–Si) between the coating and the cotton substrate, contributing to an
 excellent washing durability. The composite sol formed a uniform
 micro/nanostructured coating, significantly enhancing the hydrophobicity
 with a water contact angle of 151.8°, which only slightly decreased to
 143.9° after 50 washing cycles. Additionally, the UV protection factor
 rose from 15.58 to 116.7, and the self-cleaning function (enabled by the
 photocatalytic activity of TiO₂) was enhanced by SiO₂ through suppressed
 electron–hole recombination. Despite minor reductions in the whiteness and
 air permeability characteristics, the introduced coating led to an
 enhanced colour fastness and shrinkage resistance. Overall, this work
 provides an effective strategy for durable and eco-friendly textile
 surface functionalization to produce materials that are suitable for
 outdoor protective and architectural applications.
description: # Data from: Preparation and properties of nano-TiO~2~/SiO~2~ composite
 sol-modified cotton fabrics **Description:** The dataset contains 9 files
 grouped into morphology/composition characterization (Files 1-8) and
 photocatalytic performance (File 9). --- **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR:
 data.xlsx - eds sheet** 1. Number of variables: 5 2. Number of cases/rows:
 4096 3. Variable List: * **Column 1: Energy (Unit: keV)**. The x-axis
 value representing X-ray energy. * **Columns 2-5: Intensity (Unit:
 counts)**. The y-axis signal intensity for each sample. * Order: Cotton,
 SiO2–cotton, TiO2–cotton, TiO2/SiO2–cotton. 4. Missing data codes: None 5.
 Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC
 INFORMATION FOR: data.xlsx - FTIR sheet** 1. Number of variables: 5 2.
 Number of cases/rows: 9603 3. Variable List: * **Column 1: Wavenumber
 (Unit: cm⁻¹)**. The frequency of infrared light absorbed (x-axis). *
 **Columns 2-5: Transmittance (Unit: a.u.)**. The spectral response for
 each sample. * Order: Cotton, SiO2–cotton, TiO2–cotton, TiO2/SiO2–cotton.
 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations
 used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: data.xlsx - xps survey sheet**
 1. Number of variables: 5 2. Number of cases/rows: 1361 3. Variable List:
 * **Column 1: Binding Energy (Unit: eV)**. The energy required to remove
 an electron (x-axis). * **Columns 2-5: Intensity (Unit: counts/s)**. The
 photoelectron counts detected (y-axis). * Order: Cotton, SiO2–cotton,
 TiO2–cotton, TiO2/SiO2–cotton. 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized
 formats or other abbreviations used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR:
 data.xlsx - xps C1s sheet** 1. Number of variables: 8 2. Number of
 cases/rows: 211 3. Variable List: * **Pattern Description**: Data is
 arranged in repeating pairs of columns for each sample (Cotton,
 SiO2–cotton, TiO2–cotton, TiO2/SiO2–cotton). * **Odd Columns (1, 3, 5, 7):
 Binding Energy (Unit: eV)**. Specific x-axis values for the C1s region. *
 **Even Columns (2, 4, 6, 8): Intensity (Unit: counts/s)**. Corresponding
 y-axis signal intensity. 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized
 formats or other abbreviations used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR:
 data.xlsx - XPS O1s sheet** 1. Number of variables: 8 2. Number of
 cases/rows: 201 3. Variable List: * **Pattern Description**: Data is
 arranged in repeating pairs of columns for each sample (Cotton,
 SiO2–cotton, TiO2–cotton, TiO2/SiO2–cotton). * **Odd Columns (1, 3, 5, 7):
 Binding Energy (Unit: eV)**. Specific x-axis values for the O1s region. *
 **Even Columns (2, 4, 6, 8): Intensity (Unit: counts/s)**. Corresponding
 y-axis signal intensity. 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized
 formats or other abbreviations used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR:
 data.xlsx - xps Si2p sheet** 1. Number of variables: 4 2. Number of
 cases/rows: 151 3. Variable List: * **Pattern Description**: Data is
 arranged in repeating pairs of columns for silicon-containing samples
 (SiO2–cotton, TiO2/SiO2–cotton). * **Odd Columns (1, 3): Binding Energy
 (Unit: eV)**. Specific x-axis values for the Si2p region. * **Even Columns
 (2, 4): Intensity (Unit: counts/s)**. Corresponding y-axis signal
 intensity. 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized formats or other
 abbreviations used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: data.xlsx - xps
 Ti2p sheet** 1. Number of variables: 4 2. Number of cases/rows: 271 3.
 Variable List: * **Pattern Description**: Data is arranged in repeating
 pairs of columns for titanium-containing samples (TiO2–cotton,
 TiO2/SiO2–cotton). * **Odd Columns (1, 3): Binding Energy (Unit: eV)**.
 Specific x-axis values for the Ti2p region. * **Even Columns (2, 4):
 Intensity (Unit: counts/s)**. Corresponding y-axis signal intensity. 4.
 Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations
 used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: data.xlsx - Particle size
 sheet** 1. Number of variables: 6 2. Number of cases/rows: 100 3. Variable
 List: * **Pattern Description**: Data is arranged in repeating pairs of
 columns for each sample (SiO2–cotton, TiO2–cotton, TiO2/SiO2–cotton). *
 **Odd Columns (1, 3, 5): Particle Diameter (Unit: nm)**. The size of the
 particles. * **Even Columns (2, 4, 6): Frequency/Proportion (Unit: %)**.
 The percentage distribution. 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized
 formats or other abbreviations used: None **DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR:
 data.xlsx - irradiation sheet** 1. Number of variables: 5 2. Number of
 cases/rows: 63 3. Variable List: * **Column 1: Wavelength (Unit: nm)**.
 Spectral range (approx. 380-780 nm). * **Columns 2-5: Absorbance (Unit:
 a.u.)**. Measured at specific irradiation times (Headers: 0h, 2h, 4h, 6h).
 4. Missing data codes: None 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations
 used: None