cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288420.v1
title: SELECTIVITY OF INSECTICIDES USED IN CORN CROPS TO EGGS AND NYMPHS OF THE EARWING DORU LINEARE (ESCHSCHOLTZ, 1822) (DERMAPTERA: FORFICULIDAE)

description: ABSTRACT The goal of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of insecticides used in corn crops for the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on first-instar nymphs and eggs of the earwig Doru lineare. For the bioassays the standardized methodology of IOBC/WPRS was used in terms of temperature (25 ± 1º C), relative humidity (70 ± 15%) and photophase (14 hours). In the bioassay with nymphs for residual contact, the applications of insecticides was conducted with equipment pressurized by CO2 to 50 psi. For applications of insecticides on eggs, a Potter’s tower was used, with pressure of 10 psi. In both forms of spraying the deposit was 1.75±0.25 mg cm-2 of aqueous solution in accordance with the IOBC/WPRS methodology. The mortality of nymphs was used to classify insecticides as harmless (&lt; 30%), slightly harmful (30-79%), moderately harmful (80-99%) and harmful (&gt; 99%). Viability of eggs and survival of hatched nymphs were both evaluated by comparing with the positive (Sevin 480 SC) and negative (water) controls. The viability of eggs was reduced by Certero, Dimilin, Engeo Pleno, Karate Zeon 250 SC, Lorsban 480 BR, Match EC and Sevin 480 SC. The survival of nymphs from treated eggs was reduced by the insecticides Decis EC, Dimilin, Engeo Pleno, Karate Zeon 250 CS, Lorsban 480 BR and Sevin 480 SC. For nymphs of D. lineare in residual contact, all the insecticides were harmful.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288416.v1
title: PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF THE INSECTICIDE THIAMETHOXAM ON SUGARCANE

description: ABSTRACT With the purpose to evaluate the physiological effect of thiamethoxam on the initial development of sugarcane, two experiments were carried out. In the first, carried out in Gerbox-type plastic boxes (3.5 x 11 x 11 cm) containing substrate, thiamethoxam was applied on sugarcane cuttings at the doses of 0, 100, 150 and 200 g of active ingredient per hectare (a.i.ha-1). The second experiment was carried in PVC pipes (0.2 x 1.20 m), filled with soil. Six doses of thiamethoxam (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 g a.i.ha -1) were used on two cultivars (RB867515 and SP80-1816).Roots and shoots were evaluated 30 days after the insecticide application in the first experiment and after 130 days in the second one. In the first experiment it was observed that the height characteristics, diameter and dry mass of shoots did not change through the use of the insecticide on sugarcane cuttings, however, in the treatments with thiamethoxam there was an increase on roots dry mass up to 3.7 times more. In the second experiment, thiamethoxam increased the diameter of shoots and the root dry mass of RB867515 cultivar up 72.69%. However, the length of the root system and the shoot dry mass were not changed by insecticide application in seedlings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288414.v1
title: SURVEY OF LEPTOSPIRA SEROVARS IN A DAIRY CATTLE HERD IN PIAUÍ STATE, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to report the leptospira serovar varieties in animals from a farm located in the county of Buriti dos Lopes, within the so-called “milk basin” of Parnaíba, state of Piauí, Brazil. Samples of blood were collected from 18 Girolando cows who aborted between July 2004 and April 2005, and a sample was taken from a breeder bull. The samples were subjected to the microscopic agglutination test (SAM), using live antigens of 23 pathogenic leptospira serovars. Serum samples were screened in the dilution of 1:100. Data analysis revealed that 83.33% (15/18) of the samples showed anti-leptospira agglutinins, of which 53.33% were for the Hardjoprajitno serovar (8/15), 6.67% each for Hardjobovis (1/15), Wolffi (1/15) and Shermani (1/15), along with 4 (4/15) coagglutinations. The breeder-bull sample showed anti-leptospira agglutinins for serovar Hardjobovis with titration of 1:400, suggesting that this animal had participated in the spread of the infection in the herd.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288411.v1
title: SELECTION OF ISOLATES OF THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROK., AIMING AT THE CONTROL OF THE SUGARCANE BORER DIATRAEA SACCHARALIS (FABR., 1794)

description: ABSTRACT Aiming to improve the methods for controlling the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, this study tested some strains of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae under laboratory conditions. Initially, the value of the lethal concentration (LC90) was calculated, and set at 5 x 108 conidia/mL. Next, 27 different strains were tested for their pathogenicity and virulence in regard to larvae of D. saccharalis of approximately 1.5 cm, with retesting of the best isolates (confirmed mortalities above 80%) to confirm the results. Next, the values of lethal time (LT50) were calculated for the best strains, which were mass produced on pre-cooked rice, verifying the average sporulation of these isolates. Generally, the mortality confirmed among the 27 isolates ranged from 54 to 100%, with IBCB 167, 351, 383, 384, 410, 417, 418, 425 and 481 able to generate mortality over 80%. In terms of lethal time (LT50), IBCB 383 showed a shorter time of 6.83 days, while the greatest conidiogenesis was recorded for IBCB 417, with 2.52 x 109 conidia/g.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288408.v1
title: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEROLOGICAL TESTS FOR BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS DIAGNOSIS ADOPTED BY THE BRAZILIAN PROGRAM FOR ANIMAL BRUCELLOSIS AND TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL AND ERADICATION

description: ABSTRACT Serum samples from 1,061 bovine were analyzed by serological diagnostic techniques adopted by the Brazilian Program for Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Control and Eradication in order to compare, as a screening test, the rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), and as confirmatory tests, the 2-mercaptoethanol plus standard tube agglutination test (2-ME), and the complement fixation test (CFT). Relative sensitivity of 99.6%, 98.8% and 91.1% were observed, respectively, for RBPT, 2-ME and CFT, and relative specificity of 83.9%, 96.2% and 100.0%. The agreement between tests was analyzed by the kappa statistic (2-ME cut-off = titer 25, and CFT cutoff = titer 4). RBPT showed a substantial agreement (kappa: 2-ME = 0.80; and RFC = 0.73) with the confirmatory tests, and excellent agreement between the confirmatory tests (kappa = 0.86) was observed. However sera with a negative result in one of the confirmatory tests and a high titer in the other were observed, reinforcing that the serological diagnosis of bovine brucellosis is more reliable when based on the results of several tests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288407.v1
title: PHYSIOLOGIC SELECTIVITY OF PESTICIDES USED ON COFFEE PLANTATIONS ON EGGS AND ADULTS OF CRYPTOLAEMUS MONTROUZIERI MULSANT

description: ABSTRACT On coffee plantations, the association between selective compounds and natural enemies composes an important tool for the pest management. The objective of this study was to evaluate some pesticides used on coffee plantations in regard to their lethal and sublethal effects on eggs and adults of Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant under laboratory conditions. The bioassays were carried out in the Laboratory of Selectivity Studies, Department of Entomology of the Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, Brazil, under controlled conditions (climatic chamber) at 25 ± 2º C, RH of 70 ± 10% with a 12 h photophase. The pesticides and doses in g or mL of i.a. L-1 were: thiamethoxam (0.5), imidacloprid (0.7), mineral oil (13.3), endosulfan (2.63) and dimethoate (0.48). Distilled water was used as a control. The sprayings of the pesticides were accomplished using a Potter’s tower. The parameters evaluated were: specimen survival after the application of the compounds, oviposition and eggs viability. Thiamethoxam, imidacloprid and endosulfan were the most harmful to the treated individuals. When sprayed on eggs, thiamethoxam increased the embryonic period length (7.1 days). Mineral oil was the only compound that did not affect the reproduction of C. montrouzieri. In function of the selectivity presented by mineral oil, it can be recommended to be used in integrated pest management on coffee plantations in association with this predator.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288406.v1
title: GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF RABIES VIRUS ISOLATES FROM CATTLE IN MATO GROSSO, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT A total of 53 rabies virus (RV) isolates originating from cattle in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, were genetically characterized. Partial nucleoprotein gene sequences of these isolates were phylogenetically and geographically analyzed. Cattle isolates, which clustered with the vampire bat related RV group, were further subdivided into 7 subgroups. These subgroups were distributed widely in lowland regions, with some subgroups separated from each other by small mountains and hydrographical features. These results indicate that cattle rabies is derived from several regionally-defined variants, which suggests that its geographical distribution is related to that of the vampire bat population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288403.v1
title: THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS INSECTICIDES ON THE CONTROL OF INITIAL PESTS AND ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to test various insecticides in the treatment of sunflower seeds for the control of Cerotoma arcuatus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and assessing their influence on the physiological quality of seeds during storage. The results showed that tiodicarb 600 g.a.i./100 kg of seeds achieved close to 80, 100 and 85% of control against first-instar A. gemmatalis, second instar S. frugiperda and adult C. arcuatus, respectively. However, this treatment was inefficient against third instar S. frugiperda and B. tabaci. Tiodicarb + imidacloprid 157.5 + 52.5; thiamethoxan 210; thiamethoxan 280; imidacloprid 245 and fipronil 50 g.a.i./100 kg of seeds also achieved 80% control against C. arcuatus adults. Against A. gemmatalis, only fipronil 50 g.a.i. and azarachtin 10 and 20 g.a.i./100 kg of seeds did not achieve more than 80% control. Against B. tabaci no tested treatment reached 80% of efficacy. None of the tested insecticides harmed seed germination or emergence during the different storage periods (up to 4 months after seed treatment).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288402.v1
title: The effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on semen characteristics and testicular profiles of Red Sokoto Bucks

description: ABSTRACT. The present work evaluated the effects of feeding graded levels of whole cottonseed on reproductive parameters of Red Sokoto bucks. Twenty Red Sokoto bucks were used for the experiment. After a 14-day pre-treatment period, bucks were assigned for 90 days to one of four isonitrogeneous treatments: control (diet A); 0 mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet B); 15% mg kg-1 of total gossypol, (diet C); 30% mg kg-1 of total gossypol and (diet D); 45% mg kg-1 of total gossypol. The mean percentage sperm gross motility was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) compared to groups C (30% WCS) and A (control) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen pH and reaction time were not significantly (p &gt; 0.05) different among treatment groups. Semen colour of the bucks in the control group was majorly creamy, in group C (30% WCS) and B (15% WCS) creamy to milky and group D (45% WCS) colourless. The mean semen volume was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher in groups C and A compared to group D (45% WCS) at days 60, 75 and 90. The mean semen concentration was significantly (p &lt; 0.05) lower in group D (45% WCS) when compared to group A (control) at days 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90. Group A (control) bucks had significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher percentage live sperm compared to those in group D (45% WCS) at days 45, 60, 75 and 90. Mean Sperm morphological abnormalities including detached head, free tail curved tail and midpiece droplets were significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher in group D (45%) than in group A (Control) at day 15 (for free tails) and day 90 (for all). Testicular and epididymal sperm reserves were higher in animals supplemented with up to 30% whole cottonseed. In conclusion, feeding bucks above 30% WCS resulted in more deleterious effects on the semen characteristics and testicular profile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288401.v1
title: Milk yield of cows submitted to different levels of olive pomace in the diet

description: ABSTRACT. The cultivation of olive trees is expanding in Brazil, mainly in Rio Grande do Sul in order to meet the demand for olive oil, the main product of the industrialization of olives. However, from the extraction, there is a significant generation of waste. This residue has high moisture and an appropriate destination is necessary given its environmental and economic importance. The chemical composition of the residue is similar to other products used in animal feed, such as corn silage or sorghum, in relation to DM, CP and NDF, the differential being high levels of EE and ADL. In order to evaluate the replacement of corn silage by the extraction residue of olive oil (olive pomace), eight Holstein dairy cow, between 90 and 100 days of lactation, were used, making a double Latin square (4x4). Analyzes were made regarding animals, feed and milk product in order to verify the feasibility of the substitution. The inclusion of olive pomace, conserved as silage, to replace corn silage, in the diet of lactating cows up to 15% (dry basis) does not alter milk production, as well as its composition and feed efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288399.v1
title: MITES (ARACHNIDA: ACARI) ASSOCIATED WITH TROPICAL ORNAMENTAL PLANTSIN THE SOUTHERN COASTAL REGION OF BAHIA, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Due to the expansion of the tropical flower agribusiness in the southern coastal region of Bahia State, Brazil, and the lack of studies on mites associated to these cultures in the region, mite surveys were conducted from September 2006 to June 2007 in 34 species/cultivars of ornamental plants of the families Costaceae, Heliconiaceae, Musaceae and Zingiberaceae on 11 properties located in 6 counties (13º 21’ to 14º 58’ of south latitude and 39º 04’ to 39º 27’ of west longitude) with the aim of determining the composition of functional groups in the field through the analysis of the community at the family level using faunistic indexes. Mites were collected monthly from leaves and inflorescences. Twenty-two families were recorded. More than half of the mites pertained to predominantly predatory families, mainly to phytoseiids. Based on faunistic indexes, the families Phytoseiidae and Tetranychidae showed the maximum indexes of dominance, abundance, frequency and constancy. Tetranychids (Tetranychus aff. abacae Baker & Pritchard) were reported on Alpinia purpurata (Viell.) Schum, Etlingera elatior (Jack) R. M. Smith, Musa coccinea H.C. Andrews, Strelitzia reginae Aiton, Zingiber spectabilis Griffith, Heliconia latispatha Benth., Heliconia rivularis L. Emygd. & E. Santos, Heliconia rostrata Ruiz & Pavon, Heliconia wagneriana Petersen and on the cultivars of heliconia ‘Nappi Yellow,’ ‘Jacquinii,’ ‘She,’ ‘Golden Torch,’ ‘Red Opal,’ ‘Alan Carle,’ ‘Fire Bird’ and ‘Nappi Red.’ The species/cultivars with the largest number of mite families were H. latispatha. H. rostrata. M. coccinea, ‘Fire Bird,’ E. elatior ‘Vermelha,’ Z. spectabilis. E. elatior ‘Rosa,’ A. purpurata ‘Vermelha’ and heliconias ‘Alan Carle,’ ‘Sassy’ and ‘She.’ No mite-induced economic losses on tropical flower cultures were observed. The low population levels of phytophagous mites suggest an efficient natural control by predators, pathogens and other factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288397.v1
title: FAUNISTIC AND POPULATIONAL ANALYSIS OF FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN COMMERCIAL GUAVA ORCHARDS IN THE CARIRI REGION (STATE OF CEARÁ), BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Due to the importance of fruit-flies as pests in fruit growing, the present study was aimed to characterize the populations of fruit-flies in commercial guava orchards in the Cariri region (state of Ceará), Brazil, by means of faunistic indexes and to study their population fluctuation during the year. For this purpose, McPhail traps were installed in the counties Barbalha, Crato and Juazeiro do Norte. The traps were examined weekly and the captured flies were separated, preserved in 70% alcohol and identified. Anastrepha zenildae (Wiedemann), A. sororcula Zucchi, A. fraterculus (Wiedemann), A. obliqua (Macquart) and Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) were associated with guava fruits. Of them, A. zenildae. A. sororcula and A. obliqua were dominant and constant in the studied region, while A. fraterculus and C. capitata were non-dominant but constant. A. zenildae occurred in almost all months of the year, except October and December of 2008, with population peaks in the rainy season with its milder temperatures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288392.v1
title: Effect of different protocols for estrus synchronization on reproductive performance of Santa Inês ewes under Amazon environmental conditions

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different hormonal protocols on the reproductive performance of Santa Inês ewes in Amazon environmental conditions. Twenty-two Santa Inês ewes between 3 and 4 years-old were distributed in a randomized block experimental design, where the treatments consisted of two protocols for estrus synchronization (short and long) with eleven animals each. Data on the occurrence of estrus were described for each protocol. Data of estrus, pregnancy, and prolificity were firstly subjected to ANOVA and a subsequent Tukey’s test. Results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. The short-term protocol presented an interesting successful rate, where above 70% ewes tested had estrus. The long-term protocol also achieved a high successful rate, where above 80% ewes tested had estrus. However, comparing the protocols, the long-term protocol presented better results of positive estrus and pregnancy rates in ewes. Thus, it can be concluded that both protocols presented satisfactory results regarding estrus manifestation, and prolificity (lambs produced per ewe). However, under Amazon environmental conditions, the long-term protocol presented better results regarding positive manifestation of estrus and pregnancy rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288390.v1
title: Sheep and goat feeding behavior profile in grazing systems

description: ABSTRACT. Feeding behavior analysis provides information about the relationships between animals and pastures. Therefore, this review aims to describe some aspects of the feeding behavior profiles of both sheep and goats in grazing systems. The structure of the pasture is a key factor in the feeding behavior of grazing animals. The amount of feed consumed in a given period of time is affected by the number of meals, duration and velocity of swallowing, changes in grazing time, bite rate, bite weight, and quality of ingested forage. The different phenological stages of forage also influence the animals’ strategies to optimize their intake, which consequently changes their behavioral activities. Sheep and goats tend to be more selective than cattle, and young animals are more selective than older animals; this selectivity characteristic is one of the most important aspects to be observed in pasture management. According to the degree of selectivity, the animals will intake forages of higher or lower nutritive quality. In addition, the intensity and distribution of their daily activities (grazing, ruminating, and resting) are influenced by several factors, such as the availability and nutritive value of the pasture, its management, the animal activity in the group, and the predominant climatic conditions of the region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288387.v1
title: Nano-selenium and nano-zinc oxide supplementation in syrup on laying area, population size and hsp gene expression of honey bees in hot climate

description: ABSTRACT. This study was designed to examine the protective effects of nano-selenium and nano-zinc oxide on queen and workers performance under heat stress condition and gene expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) as an index of heat tolerance. Sixty colonies were randomly assigned to five treatments with 12 replicates from June until early September. Sugar syrup (50%) containing no supplement or nano-selenium at levels of 50 and 100 µg L-1 or nano-zinc at levels of 100 and 200 µg L-1 was fed to colonies. Nano-selenium supplementations had no effect, but nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 significantly decreased body malondialdehyde concentration. The highest bee population was seen in nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 and the lowest one in control group. The lowest and the highest body weight, fat and protein deposition was found in group received nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 and control, respectively. The highest gene expression was for group received nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1 In group received nano-zinc at level of 100 µg L-1, an increase in hsp70 gene expression was found. In conclusion, nano-zinc oxide at level of 100 µg L-1 could increase queen and worker performance and heat resistance of bees in the hot climate condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288386.v1
title: Babassu mesocarp meal for ewe lambs feeding: In vitro ruminal fermentation and in vivo apparent digestibility

description: ABSTRACT. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the in vitro fermentation (IVRF) and apparent in vivo digestibility (AIVD) of diets formulated with four inclusion levels of babassu mesocarp meal (BMM) (0.0; 7.5; 15.0 and 22.5%) in ewe lambs. The IVRF test was performed through the "Hohenheim Gas Test" technique, following a randomized complete block design, with four blocks (rumen fluids from four different bovines). Gas production was measured at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after incubation. For the AIVD trial, 20 ewe lambs were used in a completely randomized design with five replicates. The animals were housed in metabolic cages during the digestibility test. Diets with BMM showed lower fermentation levels than those without BMM. The BMM reduced the gas production per incubation time and dry matter effective degradability (DMED), possibly due to its chemical characteristics, or even to the influence of other factors, such as physical properties. The BMM negatively influenced the AIVD of DM. Thus, it can be stated that, despite being a starch source, BMM reduces ruminal fermentation parameters when included in ruminant diets, negatively interfering with diet digestibility. Therefore, its use should be cautious.