DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dg899
title: Data from: Crop-to-wild gene flow and spatial genetic structure in the closest wild relatives of the cultivated apple

description: Crop-to-wild gene flow have important evolutionary and ecological
 consequences and require careful consideration in conservation programs
 for wild genetic resources of potential use in breeding programs and in
 assessments of the risk of transgene escape into natural ecosystems. Using
 26 microsatellites and a set of 1181 trees, we investigated the extent of
 introgression from the cultivated apple, Malus domestica, to its three
 closest wild relatives, M. sylvestris in Europe, M. orientalis in the
 Caucasus and M. sieversii in Central Asia. We found footprints of
 introgression from M. domestica to M. orientalis (3.2% of hybrids), M.
 sieversii (14.8%) and M. sylvestris (36.7%). Malus sieversii and M.
 orientalis presented weak but significant genetic structures across their
 geographic range. Malus orientalis displayed genetic differentiation with
 three differentiated populations in Turkey, Armenia and Russia. Malus
 sieversii consisted of a main population spread over Central Asia and a
 smaller population in the Tian Shan Mountains. The low Sp values suggest
 high dispersal capacities for the wild apple relatives. High potential for
 crop-to-wild gene flow in apples needs to be considered in the
 implementation of in situ and ex situ actions for the conservation of wild
 apple genetic resources potentially useful to plant breeding.
description: dom_ref_orientalis_26SSR_structureThere are three files that we used for STRUCTURE analyses with the 26SSR markers that allowed us to detect hybrids and to do the following intra-species TESS analyses. Each file include wild species individuals and 40 M. domestica reference (last 40 individuals in each input file): (1) dom_ref_orientalis_26SSR_structure: the M. orientalis samples followed by the 40 M. domestica reference (2) dom_ref_sieversii_26SSR_structure: the M. sieversii samples followed by the 40 M. domestica reference (3) dom_ref_sylvestris_26SSR_structure: the M.sylvestris samples followed by the 40 M. domestica referencedom_ref_sieversii_26SSR_structureThere are three files that we used for STRUCTURE analyses with the 26SSR markers that allowed us to detect hybrids and to do the following intra-species TESS analyses. Each file include wild species individuals and 40 M. domestica reference (last 40 individuals in each input file): (1) dom_ref_orientalis_26SSR_structure: the M. orientalis samples followed by the 40 M. domestica reference (2) dom_ref_sieversii_26SSR_structure: the M. sieversii samples followed by the 40 M. domestica reference (3) dom_ref_sylvestris_26SSR_structure: the M.sylvestris samples followed by the 40 M. domestica referencedom_ref_sylvestris_26SSR_structureThere are three files that we used for STRUCTURE analyses with the 26SSR markers that allowed us to detect hybrids and to do the following intra-species TESS analyses. Each file include wild species individuals and 40 M. domestica reference (last 40 individuals in each input file): (1) dom_ref_orientalis_26SSR_structure: the M. orientalis samples followed by the 40 M. domestica reference (2) dom_ref_sieversii_26SSR_structure: the M. sieversii samples followed by the 40 M. domestica reference (3) dom_ref_sylvestris_26SSR_structure: the M.sylvestris samples followed by the 40 M. domestica reference