cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q2f55kf
title: Data from: Optimising sampling of flying insects using a modified window trap

description: Insect populations are globally declining but standardized long‐term data
 to evaluate trends and consequences are largely missing. One difficulty
 among many is the rather narrow taxonomic cover of most conventional trap
 types, which makes the use of several complementary collection methods
 necessary to achieve comprehensive coverage. To avoid the effort
 associated with operating multiple traps, we demonstrate how to modify
 window traps in a simple and standardizable way to capture a wider range
 of flying insect taxa. While a typical window trap only has a collection
 unit below the windows, we added an additional collection unit on top of
 the windows. We tested this modified trap design in 135 study plots in a
 temperate forest over 5 months and compared trap catches between top and
 bottom collection units. The top collection unit captured considerably
 more individuals of Hymenoptera, Diptera, Lepidoptera, Neuroptera,
 Auchenorrhyncha and Thysanoptera than the bottom collection unit. In
 contrast, there were more individuals of Coleoptera, Heteroptera,
 Sternorrhyncha and Psocoptera in the bottom collection unit. Both
 collection units captured a highly distinct insect community and patterns
 were consistent throughout the season. These modified traps are suitable
 for collecting a broader range of flying insects compared to conventional
 window traps. The additional top unit is fast and easy to build and the
 traps require little maintenance while operating in the field. These
 characteristics make modified window traps with top and bottom collection
 units a promising tool for standardized and replicable biodiversity
 studies covering a broad range of insect taxa.
description: Insect taxa captured by
 modified window trapsNumber of specimens per
 insect taxon captured by top and bottom collection units of modified
 window traps in forests in the southern Black Forest (Germany) between
 March and August in 2017. Column names: PlotID - Identifier for study
 plot; TrapID - Identifier for each of two traps per study plot;
 Collection_Unit - Identifier for top or bottom collection unit of a trap;
 Collect_start/_end - Start/end of a sampling period; Sampling_period -
 Identifier for pooling samples despite varying collection start into
 sampling periods; Sample_ID - Unique identifier for each
 sampleKnuff_ModifiedWindowTrap_CapturedInsectTaxa.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k10p97v
title: An unexpected genetic diversity pattern and a complex demographic history of a rare medicinal herb, Chinese asparagus (Asparagus cochinchinensis) in Korea

description: Range-wide population studies of wide spread species are often associated
 with complex diversity patterns resulting from genetically divergent
 evolutionary significant units (ESUs). The compound evolutionary history
 creating such a pattern of diversity can be inferred through molecular
 analyses. Asparagus cochinchinensis, a medicinally important perennial
 herb, is in decline due to overharvesting in Korea. Eight A.
 cochinchinensis populations in Korea and three neighboring countries
 (China, Japan and Taiwan) were examined using nine nuclear microsatellite
 loci and three chloroplast microsatellite loci to characterize molecular
 diversity patterns. The average within-population diversity was limited
 likely due to long-term bottlenecks observed in all eight populations.
 High pairwise FST values indicated that the populations have largely
 diverged, but the divergences were not correlated with geographic
 distances. Clustering analyses revealed a highly complex spatial structure
 pattern associated with two ESUs. Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC)
 suggest that the two ESUs split about 21,000 BP, were independently
 introduced to Korea approximately 1,800 years ago, and admixed in
 secondary contact zones. The two ESUs found in our study may have
 different habitat preferences and growth conditions, implying that the two
 genetically divergent groups should be considered not only for
 conservation and management but also for breeding programs in agricultural
 areas.
description: Asparagus_cochinchinensis_SSR_Data_final
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6vv10h0
title: Data from: Selection on Aedes aegypti alters Wolbachia-mediated dengue virus blocking and fitness

description: The viruses that cause dengue fever, Zika and chikungunya are transmitted
 by the mosquito, Aedes aegypti and threaten global public health. Current
 vaccines and treatments against these viruses along with methods of
 mosquito control are of limited efficacy and novel interventions are
 needed. Wolbachia are bacteria that inhabit insect cells and have been
 found to reduce viral infection, a phenotype that is referred to as viral
 ‘blocking’. Although not naturally found in A. aegypti, Wolbachia were
 stably introduced into this mosquito in 20115 and have been shown to
 reduce the transmission potential of dengue, Zika and chikungunya. Trials
 in the tropics show that Wolbachia can spread through A. aegypti
 populations and reduce the local incidence of dengue fever. Despite this,
 the stability of viral blocking over time is unknown. Here, we reveal
 genes in A. aegypti that appear to affect the strength of
 Wolbachia-mediated dengue blocking in response to selection. We find that
 mosquito genotypes associated with weaker dengue blocking have reduced
 fitness, suggesting that there is potential for blocking to be maintained
 by selection. These results will inform the use of Wolbachia as biocontrol
 agents against mosquito-borne viruses and direct further research into
 measuring and improving their efficacy.
description: Mosquito life history
 data: Egg counting reference curveEgg counting reference
 curve.xlsxMosquito life history
 data: Egg production rateEgg production
 rate.xlsxMosquito life history
 data: Female adult mortalityFemale adult
 mortality.xlsxMosquito life history
 data: Pupation ratePupation
 rate.xlsxMosquito life history
 data: sex ratiosex
 ratio.xlsxFig.2a virus load and
 Wolbachia density of evolved linesFig.2b Wolbachia
 negative samplesMosquitoes that
 underwent selection and their Wolbachia have since been removed with
 antibiotic treatmentFig.2b Wolbachia
 positive samplesFig.3 Population growth
 rate and virus load per populationResult of the model that
 is populated by the mosquito life history data.Fig.4d allele
 frequencies of SNP in the cadherin geneFig.4d allele frequencies of
 SNP in cadherin.csvFig.4b Cadherin gene
 expression relative to RPS17Fig.4c Alpha mannosidase
 gene expression relative to RPS17
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gm1h74f
title: Data from: Contrasting responses of steppe Stipa ssp. to warming and precipitation variability

description: Climate change, characterized by warming and precipitation variability,
 restricted the growth of plants in arid and semi-arid areas, and various
 functional traits are impacted differently. Comparing responses of
 functional traits to warming and precipitation variability and determining
 critical water threshold of dominate steppe grasses from Inner Mongolia
 facilitates the identification and monitoring of water stress effects. A
 combination of warming (ambient temperature, +1.5°C and +2.0°C) and
 varying precipitation (-30%, -15%, ambient, +15%, and +30%) manipulation
 experiments were performed on four Stipa species (S. baicalensis, S.
 bungeana, S. grandis, and S. breviflora) from Inner Mongolia steppe. The
 results showed that the functional traits of the four grasses differed in
 their responses to precipitation, but they shared common sensitive traits
 (root/shoot ratio, R/S and specific leaf area, SLA) under ambient
 temperature condition. Warming increased the response of the four grasses
 to changing precipitation, and these differences in functional traits
 resulted in changes to their total biomass, with leaf area, SLA and R/S
 making the largest contributions. Critical water thresholds of the four
 grasses were identified, and warming led to their higher optimum
 precipitation requirements. The four steppe grasses were able to adapt
 better to mild drought (summer precipitation decreased by 12%-28%) when
 warming 1.5°C rather than 2.0°C. These results indicated that if the Paris
 Agreement to limit global warming to 1.5°C will be accomplished, this will
 increase the probability for sustained viability of the Stipa steppes in
 the next 50-100 years.
description: data-ECE-2019-02-00145.R1A combination of warming (ambient temperature, +1.5°C and +2.0°C) and varying precipitation (-30%, -15%, ambient, +15%, and +30%) manipulation experiments were performed on four Stipa species (S. baicalensis, S. bungeana, S. grandis, and S. breviflora) from Inner Mongolia steppe. The datas includes soil relative water content(SRWC), plant height, leaf area, leaf number, aboveground biomass, belowground biomass, total biomass, root/shoot ratio(R/S), specific leaf area(SLA), and leaf area ratio(LAR) under different temperature and precipitation treatment in the four species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5270k42
title: Data from: Repeatable patterns of small-scale spatial variation in intertidal mussel beds and their implications for responses to climate change

description: The interaction of ocean conditions and weather with small-scale physical
 features of a habitat can have profound effects on the experiences of
 individual organisms. On topographically complex shorelines, and
 particularly within dense aggregations of organisms such as mussel beds, a
 mosaic of environmental conditions can develop, and the resulting
 variation in conditions within the aggregation could drastically alter the
 performance of neighboring individuals. Using a suite of sensors mounted
 to individual Mytilus californianus mussels over two summer field
 deployments, we have characterized the temperature variation and valve
 gaping behavior differences found at two spatial scales: within a group
 separated by centimeters, and between groups of mussels located at the
 upper and lower extents of the natural mussel zone separated by meters.
 While temperature conditions near the lower edge of the mussel bed were
 generally more benign, temperature extremes were similar at both heights
 in the bed, and variation in body temperature among neighbors increased as
 the daily mean temperature increased. These patterns were similar across
 years despite a 3.8°C difference in mean air and seawater temperatures
 between years. Gaping behavior was also highly variable among individuals,
 though that variability diminished at the high end of the mussel bed where
 the total time mussels spent submerged was much more constrained. These
 data indicate that an individual mussel’s physiological status and past
 history can be drastically different than those of its nearby neighbors,
 complicating our ability to characterize representative conditions within
 a habitat. These observations also provide for the possibility that the
 impacts of future climate change will be highly specific to certain
 individuals based on their relative exposure or protection within the
 mosaic. To address such possibilities, future work must examine the
 correlation between genotypic and physiological traits that determine
 performance and individuals' unique experiences in their disparate
 micro-environments.
description: Data and analysis code
 for Miller & Dowd 2019, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part
 ACBPA_MusselTracker_archive_v2.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.18f9q5d
title: Data from: The influence of habitat and adults on the spatial distribution of juvenile corals

description: Population distributions are affected by a variety of spatial processes,
 including dispersal, intraspecific dynamics, and habitat selection. Within
 reef-building coral communities, these processes are especially important
 during the earliest life stages when reproduction provides mobility among
 sessile organisms and populations experience the greatest mortality
 bottlenecks both before and immediately after settlement. Here, we used
 large-area imaging to create photomosaics that allowed us to identify and
 map the location of 4,681 juvenile (1-5 cm diameter) and 25,902 adult
 (&gt;5 cm diameter) coral colonies from eight 100m2 plots across the
 forereef of Palmyra Atoll. Using metrics of density, percent cover, and
 the relative location of each colony within each plot, we examined
 abundance and spatial relationships between juvenile and adult coral taxa.
 Within coral taxa, juvenile density was generally positively related to
 the numerical density and percent cover of adults. Nearest neighbor
 analyses showed aggregation of juveniles near adults of the same taxon for
 two of the focal taxa (Pocillopora and Fungiids), while all other taxa
 showed random spatial patterning relative to adults. Three taxa had
 clustered distributions of juveniles overall. Additionally, we found that
 on a colony level, juveniles for five of nine focal taxa (accounting for
 &gt;98% of all identified juveniles) associated with a specific
 habitat type, with four of those five taxa favoring unconsolidated (e.g.,
 rubble) over consolidated substrata. The general lack of clustering in
 juvenile corals contrasts with consistent clustering patterns seen in
 adult corals, suggesting that adult spatial patterns are largely driven by
 processes occurring after maturity such as partial colony mortality,
 including fission and fragmentation. The association of many taxa with
 unconsolidated habitat also suggests that corals may play an important
 role in colonizing natural rubble patches that could contribute to reef
 stabilization over time.
description: Juvenile
 DataContains data for each
 juvenile colony, including local x and y pixel coordinates within each
 site-specific image, diameter (cm), taxonomic identification, site
 location, and underlying habitat type.Adult_PNGsPNG files for each adult taxon at each site. Files are organized by site and named according to taxon. Within each file, adult areas are designated by the RGB value of 1,0,0.Habitat_DataRdata files containing habitat data for each site. Each file contains a matrix called habitat_mat, where each cell value corresponds to the habitat designation of every pixel within the site image. Values of 1 indicate unconsolidated habitat, while values of 0 indicate consolidated habitat.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r7360c7
title: Data from: Multiple models generate a geographic mosaic of resemblance in a Batesian mimicry complex

description: Batesian mimics—benign species that receive protection from predation by
 resembling a dangerous species—often occur with multiple model species.
 Here we examine whether geographic variation in the number of local models
 generates geographic variation in mimic-model resemblance. In areas with
 multiple models, selection might be relaxed or even favour imprecise
 mimicry relative to areas with only one model. We test the prediction that
 model-mimic match should vary with the number of other model species in a
 broadly-distributed snake mimicry complex where a mimic and a model
 co-occur both with and without other model species. We found that the
 mimic resembled its model more closely when they were exclusively
 sympatric than when they were sympatric with other model species.
 Moreover, in regions with multiple models, mimic-model resemblance was
 positively correlated with the resemblance between the model and other
 model species. However, contrary to predictions, free-ranging natural
 predators did not attack artificial replicas of imprecise mimics more
 often when only a single model was present. Taken together, our results
 suggest that multiple models might generate a geographic mosaic in the
 degree of phenotype matching between Batesian mimics and their models.
description: Supplementary Data
 FileMorphological data on
 Pliocercus elapiodes and several Micrurus species. Data on number of
 attacks on different artificial prey phenotypes with coral snake color
 patterns.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c3bm2j9
title: Data from: Demographic stochasticity alters expected outcomes in experimental and simulated non-neutral communities

description: Theory has shown that the effects of demographic stochasticity on
 communities may depend on the magnitude of fitness differences between
 species. In particular, it has been suggested that demographic
 stochasticity has the potential to significantly alter competitive
 outcomes when fitness differences are small (nearly neutral), but that it
 has minimal effects when fitness differences are large (highly
 non-neutral). Here we test such theory experimentally and extend it to
 examine how demographic stochasticity affects exclusion frequency and mean
 densities of consumers in simple, but non-neutral, consumer-resource
 communities. We used experimental microcosms of protists and rotifers
 feeding on a bacterial resource to test how varying absolute population
 sizes (a driver of demographic stochasticity) affected the probability of
 competitive exclusion of the weakest competitor. To explore whether
 demographic stochasticity could explain our experimental results, and to
 generalize beyond our experiment, we paired the experiment with a
 continuous-time stochastic model of resource competition, which we
 simulated for 11 different fitness inequalities between competiting
 consumers. Consistent with theory, in both our experiments and our
 simulations we found that demographic stochasticity altered competitive
 outcomes in communities where fitness differences were small. However, we
 also found that demographic stochasticity alone could affect communities
 in other ways, even when fitness differences between competitors were
 large. Specifically, demographic stochasticity altered mean densities of
 both weak and strong competitors in experimental and simulated
 communities. These findings highlight how demographic stochasticity can
 change both competitive outcomes in non-neutral communities and the
 processes underlying overall community dynamics.
description: Files for simulating
 stochastic consumer-resource modelThis ZIP archive
 contains R files for simulating a continuous-time stochastic
 consumer-resource model (2 consumers, 1 resource) for 9 parameter values
 and 2 population sizes. The model is simulated using Gillespie's
 stochastic simulation algorithm.Legaultetal2019.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2j87692
title: Data from: Active sound production of scarab beetle larvae opens up new possibilities for species-specific pest monitoring in soils

description: Root-feeding Scarabaeidae larvae can pose a serious threat to agricultural
 and forest ecosystems, but many details of larval ecology are still
 unknown. We developed an acoustic data analysis method based on active
 sound production by larvae (i.e. stridulations) for gaining new insights
 into larval ecology. In a laboratory study, third instar larvae of the
 Common Cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) (n = 38) and the Forest
 Cockchafer (M. hippocastani) (n = 15) kept in soil-filled containers were
 acoustically monitored for 5 min each, resulting in the first known
 stridulation recordings for each species. Subsequent continuous monitoring
 of three M. hippocastani larvae over several hours showed that a single
 larva could stridulate more than 70 times per hour, and stridulation rates
 increased drastically with increasing larval abundance. The new fractal
 dimension-based data analysis method automatically detected audio sections
 with stridulations and provided a semi-quantitative estimate of
 stridulation activity. It is the first data analysis method specifically
 targeting Scarabaeidae larvae stridulations in soils, enabling for the
 first time non-invasive species-specific pest monitoring.
description: Goerres2019AcousticExperiment1PartAGoerres2019AcousticExperiment1PartBGoerres2019AcousticExperiment2PartAGoerres2019AcousticExperiment2PartB
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.67v2m97
title: Data from: Does adaptation to historical climate shape plant responses to future rainfall patterns? A rainfall manipulation experiment with common ragweed

description: Climate change is affecting both the volume and distribution of
 precipitation, which in turn is expected to affect the growth and
 reproduction of plant populations. The near ubiquity of local adaptation
 suggests that adaptive differentiation may have important consequences for
 how populations are affected by and respond to changing precipitation.
 Here, we manipulated rainfall in a common garden to examine how
 differentiation among populations of common ragweed, Ambrosia
 artemisiifolia (Asteraceae) affects responses to water availability
 expected under climate change. We collected seeds from 26 populations
 along gradients of historical rainfall and used event-based rainout
 shelters and watering additions to simulate drier summer conditions and
 more extreme rainfall events, respectively. Ambrosia artemisiifolia had
 higher fitness on average under reduced rainfall, suggesting it may spread
 and become more abundant in areas projected to become hotter and drier
 during the summer months. We also found strong evidence for phenotypic and
 fitness clines across both latitude and longitude, and that phenological
 responses and fitness effects of altered rainfall depended on seed source
 or historical climate. The effect of rainfall treatment on female fitness
 was highest in western and mid longitudes, but there was little effect on
 eastern populations. Across latitude, the effect of rainfall treatment on
 male fitness was highest in southern populations. These phenology and
 fitness clines suggest that adaptive differentiation across the species’
 range has the potential to shape future responses of A. artemisiifolia
 populations to climate change, particularly altered patterns of rainfall.
description: Gorton2019_RainfallMS_DryadThis zip file contains all data files and R code used for analyses in Gorton et al. 2019 "Does adaptation to historical climate shape plant responses to future rainfall patterns? A rainfall manipulation experiment with common ragweed". Each R script has meta-data at the top of each script.