cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.206
title: Correlation between herbicide contamination and effects on reproductive system of cyprinid fish Puntioplites proctozysron in Nan river, Wiangsa district, Nan province

description: The use of herbicides, especially paraquat, glyphosate and atrazine in Nan Province, northern part of Thailand is dramatically increased. Nan River nearby agricultural areas is thus susceptible to contamination by the herbicide runoff. Aquatic animals are probably at risk of affecting by the contamination. In this study, Puntioplites proctozysron was used as a sentinel species to monitor the effects of herbicide contamination in Nan River. The fish were collected from the river nearby agricultural areas in San Sub-district, Wiang Sa District, Nan Province in rainy season (July and October 2010) and dry season (January and April 2011). The analyses of herbicide residues revealed detectable levels of atrazine in water (ND-0.15 mg/L), sediment (ND-0.24 mg/Kg) and fish gonads (ND-0.15 µg/g), whereas glyphosate was detected only in the fish gonad samples (1.20-2.01 ng/g). The analyses of condition factor (CF) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) showed that, CF of both sexes was significantly higher in January 2011. GSI of male fish was significantly higher in January 2011, while GSI of female fish was significantly higher in July 2011. Spearman's correlation between atrazine concentrations and general health indices revealed the positive correlation in CF and GSI for male fish and negative correlation in GSI for female fish. However, the link between herbicide contamination to CF and GSI of P. proctozysron did not clearly exhibited. These trends were alternatively explained by seasonal variation, rather than effect of herbicide contamination alone. The evaluation of herbicide effect in cellular level was done by histopathological observation of gonadal tissue. The testicular atrophy, testicular degeneration, degeneration of Leydig and Sertoli cells, asynchronus development, karyorhexis, karyolysis, germ cell atrophy, germ cell hypertrophy, eosinophilic cytoplasm was observed in testicular tissue of the male fish. Ovarian degeneration, oocyte hyperplasia, atresia in oogonia, atresia in previtellogenic oocytes, vacuolar degeneration and follicular hyperplasia were found in ovarian tissues of the female fish. Atrazine concentrations in gonadal tissues showed significantly positive correlation with testicular atrophy and degeneration of Leydig cells in male fish and atresia in previtellogenic oocyte and vacuolar degeneration in female fish. According to the results, it is concluded that the atrazine contamination in Nan River may involved with several histopathological alterations in the fish gonadal tissue, which may lead to further reproductive problems in the fish population. The results also suggested that Leydig cells in male fish and oocytes at early developmental stage in female fish are most susceptible. Histopathological alterations detected here have proven that P. proctozysron could be considered as a good sentinel species in monitoring study of the herbicide contamination in the river.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.207
title: Heart Rate Variability and Plasma Norepinephrine Concentration in Diabetic Dogs at Rest

description: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy in dogs with diabetes mellitus (DM) were evaluated using time-and frequency-domain parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) as well as the plasma norepinephrine (NE) concentration compared with control healthy non-diabetic dogs. Dogs were divided into 2 groups according to frequency of insulin adjustment, their fasting plasma glucose and plasma fructosamine concentrations: group 1, the control healthy non-DM group (n = 13), group 2, diabetic group (n = 22). The diabetic group was further divided into 2 subgroups, the well-controlled DM (n = 11) and the poorly-controlled DM (n = 11). None of these dogs had heart failure or received any drug that affected HRV or autonomic nervous system. The blood pressures were recorded along with the measurements of complete blood count, blood gas analysis, biochemical profiles and plasma NE concentrations. For HRV, the electrocardiogram (ECG) was recorded continuously for at least 30 minutes at rest. The results showed that the concentrations of fasting blood glucose and serum fructosamine were significantly higher in both DM subgroups compared with control group (p &lt; 0.001). The time-domain parameters, NNA and SDANN in poorly-controlled DM were significantly lower than control group (601.9+28.5 vs 697.4+31.9 ms and 22.40+5.53 vs 50.96+10.74 ms, respectively) ( p &lt; 0.05) while heart rate was significantly higher than control and well-controlled DM (102.7+6.6 vs 88.1+3.9 and 85.7+3.7 bpm, respectively) (p &lt; 0.05). In poorly-controlled DM, the NNA, SDNN, SDNN index and pNN50% were also significantly lower when compared with well-controlled DM (601.9+28.5 vs 711.5+27.1 ms, 118.9 +12.3 vs 178.1+19.0 ms, 115.4+12.2 vs 174.5+18.7 ms and 46.73+6.96 vs 68.23+5.25 ms, respectively) (p &lt; 0.05). The frequency-domain parameters, HF and total power in poorly-controlled DM were significantly lower (7,670+1,829 vs 20,503+6,030 ms2 and 14,694+2591 vs 32,097+7,148 ms2,respectively) (p &lt; 0.05) while the LF/HF was higher (0.54+0.15 vs 0.21+0.04) (p &lt; 0.05) when compared with well-controlled DM. In poorly-controlled DM, systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures were significantly higher while plasma NE concentrations were significantly lower than control group (210.4+36.7 vs 478.9+74.3 pg/ml) (p &lt;0.05). However, in well-controlled DM group, no significant change was found among all parameters when compared with control group. The plasma NE concentrations had negative correlation with plasma fructosamine concentrations (p &lt; 0.05, r = -0.359). It is concluded that the cardiac autonomic neuropathy occurred only in poorly-controlled DM dogs. The sympathetic activity in this group was suppressed as shown by decrease in both plasma NE concentration and LF component resulting in higher arterial blood pressure and heart rate.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.208
title: Study of line-1 methylation levels in salivary mucoepidernoid carcinoma

description: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC), malignancy of salivary gland, can be classified into low-, intermediate-, and high-grade tumors based on its histological features. The proportion of cellular components or the presence of a cystic component, neural invasion, necrosis, mitotic activity and anaplasia are used. However, none of the system has not been universally accepted. Methylation levels of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) and Alu elements reduce in cancerous tissue and relate to the severity of some cancers. However, there has been no study of LINE-1 and Alu methylation in MEC tissues. This study investigated LINE-1 and Alu element methylation in MEC by using combined bisulfite restriction analysis. MEC tissue showed a significantly lower level of LINE-1 and Alu element methylation overall compared to the normal salivary gland tissue. These levels were also significantly different between cell types and showed a stepwise decrease from the adjacent normal salivary gland to the intermediate, mucous and squamous cells. In addition, the percentage of hypermethylation pattern of LINE-1 and hypomethylation pattern of Alu were significantly difference between MEC and normal salivary gland tissue. Moreover, the reduced methylation levels of LINE-1 were correlated with poorer histological grades. The results suggested that the proportion of cells may be important for MEC classification. LINE-1 and Alu elememt methylation levels and patterns may be useful for accurate MEC diagnosis and prognostic prediction, which can improve survival rates and quality of life of patients.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.209
title: Antiplatelet aggregation and fibrinolytic activity of Artemisia Vulgaris L. extract

description: Platelet aggregation is involved in atherosclerosis plaque, one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease. The objectives of the present study are to determine antiplatelet and fibrinolytic activities of herbal extracts from Phikud Benjakot. The ethanol and water extracts of each herb in Phikud Benjakot, Kot Soa (Angelica dahurica, AD), Kot Kamao (Atractylodes lancea, AL), Kot Huabua (Ligusticum sinense, LS), Kot Chiang, (Angelica sinensis, AS) and Kot Chulalumpa (Artemisia vulgaris, AV), at the concentration of 1 mg/mL did not affect both viability and DNA damage of human umbilical vein endothelial ECV304 cells. The effect of the herbal extracts at the concentration of 1 mg/mL on platelet aggregation induced by ADP was performed using light transmission aggregometry method. The result demonstrated that antiplatelet activity of ethanol and water extracts were in descending order of AV &gt; AD &gt; AS. Since AV expressed the highest antiplatelet activity, the ethanol and water extracts of AV were chosen for a concentration-dependent study, resulting in exhibiting IC50 values of 0.43 and 0.51 mg/mL, respectively. However, both extracts did not inhibit platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid and collagen. The result suggested that the ethanol and water extracts of AV are likely to inhibit platelet aggregation via ADP signaling pathway. To confirm whether the antiplatelet activity of both extracts of AV was not due to platelet damage, platelet viability was then performed using MTT reduction assay. Treatment of platelets with both extracts of AV at the antiplatelet concentration for 1 h did not affect platelet viability. Additionally, AV did not affect platelet function using acid phosphatase assay. The result indicated that antiplatelet activity of AV was not due to their toxicity or interfering platelet function. The effect of both extracts of AV on platelet adhesion to collagen was determined based on acid phosphatase activity. Both extracts of AV did not affect platelet adhesion when allowed to adhere to collagen for 1 h. Since endothelial-derived nitric oxide can inhibit platelet aggregation, the effect of the ethanol extract of AV on phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS in ECV304 cells was studied using Western blot analysis. The result revealed that the ethanol extract of AV at the concentration of 0.5 mg/mL for 1 h treatment could enhance the phosphorylation of eNOS, but not Akt, in ECV304 cells under serum-free condition. Our findings suggested that AV, one of crude drugs in Phikud Benjakot, could be considered as a candidate herb in the treatment of platelet-associated vascular disease.
DOI: 10.17632/sc4wfvfs6v.1
title: Data for: Broadband Plasmonic Coupling and Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency in Luminescent Solar Concentrator

description: Different concentration of gold core silver shell nanocuboids were incorporated in a waveguide containing 70 ppm Lumogen Reg305 dye. Emission from the edge of the waveguide was collected via an integrating sphere. Enhancement in the fluorescence of the dye was observed for the optimum concentration of gold core silver shell nanocuboids.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.210
title: The effect of poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) sodium salt polyelectrolyte multilayer films to bone formation on titanium in vitro and in vivo study

description: This study was to examine both in vitro and in vivo responses of osteoblast on titanium (Ti) coated with {(PDADMAC/PSS)4/PDADMAC}PSS-co-MA polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films formed by poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC), poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid)sodium salts (PSS-co-MA) to generate PEM films. In vitro study included the study of physical characteristics using scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurement, respectively. Fibrin clot formations, utilizing whole blood dropped, on Ti were investigated. Gene expressions of MC3T3E1-osteoblast cells were determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and in vitro calcifications were detected using alizarin red-S staining. Titanium pins were implanted into the Wistar rat femurs and new bone formations were confirmed by histomorphometric analysis. Results showed PSS-co-MA coated Ti surface had a better hydrophilic property however no change in surface roughness was detected compared to the control. The amount of fibrin formation on coated surface was higher than that on the control. The expressions of type-I collagen were significantly increased at day-5 while the expressions of osteopontin, bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin increased at day-10. Higher alizarin red-S staining was observed at day-15 on coated Ti compared to the control. The bone-to-implant contact around the coated Ti pins significantly increased compared to the control in the rats at 2 weeks. However, no significant differences in bone volume were observed among the different groups. In conclusions, modified Ti surface by PSS-co-MA PEM films accelerates the bone formations. This technique may be the candidate to improve dental implant surface for accelerating osseointegration.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.211
title: Area under the curve of glucose : an accurate indicator of glucose control in type 2 diabetic patients

description: Relationships between the area under the curve of glucose (AUC glucose), self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) levels and hemoglobin A1c(A!C) in type 2 diabetes patients were studied. Within 2 weeks patients did SMBG four times a day for each meal twice on different days; immediately before meal (“0 h” or pre meal), 1, 2 and 4 hour(h) after meal. SMBG level at each time point was reported as mean level from two measurements. A1C was measured 2 months later. AUC glucose for each meal were calculated from SMBG between 0-1 h, 1-2 h, and 2-4 h. Relationships between AUC glucose, SMBG level and A1C were done by using Pearson correlation. Sixty-four patients at the Police General Hospital, Bangkok were studied. The sum of AUC glucose 3 meals was strongly correlated with A1C (r=0.746, p&lt; 0.01). AUC glucose of lunch meal and 2-4 hour post lunch were strongly correlated with A1C (r=0.759 and r= 0.727, p&lt; 0.01) in insulin combined with oral agent users (N=25). In oral agent users (N= 39) AUC glucose of dinner meal and 0-1 hour after dinner correlated with A1C (r =0.680 and r=0.707, p&lt;0.01). The mean SMBG levels of 3 meal and of pre breakfast were correlated with A1C [ r= 0.766, and r=0.689, p&lt; 0.01 (N=64) ; r = 0.786 and r=0.638, p &lt;0.01(N=25) and r=0.695,and r=0.652, p&lt;0.01(N=39)] . SMBG level at 4 hour post lunch was also correlated with A1C (r=0.671, p&lt;0.01)(N=64). This same relationship was also found with the insulin combined with oral user group (r=0.725, p&lt; 0.01) (N=25). For oral agent users, A1C was correlated with SMBG level before dinner (r=0.628, p &lt;0.01) (N=39). AUC glucose and SMBG level can be used as indicators of glucose control. Besides pre breakfast SMBG level at 4 hour post lunch and pre dinner are recommended for insulin combined users and oral agent users, respectively.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.212
title: Kinetics of ultraviolet B irradiation-mediated reactive oxygen species generation in humen keratinocytes

description: UVB-mediated oxidative stress in keratinocytes has been accepted as an important factor contributing to skin damages. The present study revealed the kinetics of ROS production and identified main specific ROS generated in human keratinocytes exposed to UVB. Keratinocytes were exposed to various doses of UVB and intracellular ROS kinetics were evaluated by specific oxidant probes, namely, DCFH2-DA, DHE, Amplex Red, and HPF. Results revealed that UVB-irradiated cells exhibited significantly higher rate of ROS production in the early time period (0-2 h) compared to the non-treated control cells; however, the rate of ROS generation afterward (2-6 h) was similar to that of control cells. Specific ROS including superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radical were enhanced in keratinocytes treated with UVB. Results regarding kinetics of specific ROS production revealed that superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical were main ROS contributing to oxidative stress in the early phase (0-2 h) after UVB treatment in these cells. Furthermore, this study demonstrated the effect of known antioxidants vitamin C, vitamin E, and silymarin on ROS generating kinetics in UVB-exposed keratinocytes. The results indicated that all antioxidants could suppress ROS generation in response to UVB irradiation in a time-dependent manner ascompared to non-antioxidant treated cells. In addition, the linear regression analysis revealed that the rate of ROS generation in early period (0-2 h) correlated with apoptotic cell death of keratinocytes.These findings revealed the novel information regarding ROS generating kinetic in UVB-exposed keratinocytes, which may benefit the development of new strategies in protecting of skin damage.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.213
title: Characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates in Thailand

description: Quinolone resistance is mainly caused by chromosomal mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Recently, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) including target protection mechanism encoded by qnr, efflux pump encoded by qepA and fluoroquinolone-modifying enzyme encoded by aac(6’)-Ib-cr has been described. This study characterized genes encoding PMQR and investigated the prevalence of quinolone and extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Enterobactericeae isolates. A total of 671 Enterobacteriaceae isolated from patients during 2009-2011 were included in this study. The resistance rates to nalidixic, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone were 47.10%, 36.22%, 37.71%, 19.68%, 46.20%, 35.77% and 44.11%, respectively. The PMQR genes were detected in 20.57% (138 isolates).Of the 671 Enterobacteriaceae isolates, 86(12.82%), 49 (7.30%) and 3 (0.45%) carried qnr, aac(6’)-Ib-cr and qepA, respectively. The qnrS gene (8.05%) was the most common qnr found in Enterobacteriaceae isolates followed by qnrA (2.38%) and qnrD (2.38%) genes, respectively. The qnrB and qnrC genes were not detected in any isolates. Of the138 PMQR-positive isolates, 60.14% (83/138) were ESBL producers, 3.62% (5/138) were AmpC producers and 6.52% (9/138) were both ESBL and AmpC producers. The bla CTX-M gene was the most common ESBL determinant (31.16%, 43/138). The aac(6’)-Ib-cr-carrying isolates were commonly associated with ESBL genes (87.76%, 43/49) and qnr gene were found to be co-harboured with ESBL genes in 43.02% (37/86). All 3 qepA-positive isolates harboured ESBL genes (blaCTX-M and/or bla TEM). Mutations in quinolone target were investigated in 23 PMQR representative isolates. Three isolates which were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (MICs of &gt;256 µg/ml) had amino acid substitutions at S83L, D87N in GyrA and S80I in ParC, whereas no mutation was found in 20 isolates with reduced susceptibility and intermediate resistance to ciprofloxacin. All 3 ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates harbored the qepA gene and had efflux pump activity. The qnrA, qnrS, blaCIT, blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaVEB genes were successfully transferred to E. coli UB1637AzR by conjugation method. The qnr, ESBL and ampC genes were found to be co-transferred. Our study showed high rates of quinolone and extended spectrum-cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae. The qnr genes were the most prevalent PMQR determinant and were able to be transferred with ESBL and ampC genes. This is the first report of the presence of qepA and qnrD genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Thailand.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.215
title: Autophagy induction by pathogenic leptospira in human and murine macrophages

description: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with a worldwide distribution, caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Pathogenic leptospires may evoke severe systemic infection in humans but only cause mild chronic disease or asymptomatic carrier state in several animals. The reasons for this difference in infection and related natural defense mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to study autophagy induction by pathogenic Leptospira in murine and human macrophages. L. interrogans serovar Pomona was used to infect RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line and THP-1 human monocytic cell line. Autophagy formation in murine and human macrophages was detected as the appearance of autophagic markers, LC3-II, in Western blot. Furthermore, the leptospires in the murine macrophages were observed under transmission electron microscopy to be located within double membrane vesicles, which is the characteristic of autophagosomes. Leptospires in human macrophages, however, were found in the single membrane compartment and/or in the cytosol. In addition, in contrast to murine macrophages, co-localization of leptospires with lysosome was not observed by confocal microscopy in human macrophages at 8 hour post infection. Treatment with an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine, the autophagy process seemed to participate in the killing of pathogenic Leptospira in murine macrophages but was not the major mechanism in the clearance of pathogenic Leptospira in human macrophages. Furthermore, TLR4 may contribute to autophagy after pathogenic Leptospira infection in murine macrophages. Therefore, the distinct autophagic process between human and murine cells may explain the nature of infection in different hosts of Leptospira.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2011.216
title: Activities of the ethanolic extract of Wisumpayayai remedy on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mcrophages

description: Wisumpayayai is one of the household traditional remedy approved by the Ministry of Public Health of Thailand in The National Drug List as anti-flatulence and anti-dyspepsia medication. It is composed of 20 herbal plants including; Coriandrum sativum, Diospyros decandra, Myristica fragrans, Amomum krervanh, Syzygium aromaticum, Angelica dahurica, Atractylodes lancea, Conioselinum univitatum, Angelica sinensis, Artemisia pallens, Cinnamomum verum, Cinnamomum bejolghota, Terminalia arjuna, Terminalia chebula, Acorus calamus, Aristolochia sp., Tinospora crispa, Zingiber kerrii, Melastoma saugnineum, Piper retrofractum. Some of the plants in this remedy have been reported to exert anti-inflammatory activities and a variety of the pharmacological properties. No evidences have been found in the anti-inflammatory effect of Wisumpayayai remedy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the ethanol extract of Wisumpayayai remedy on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages and to determine its total anti-oxidant activities by FRAP assay. The results demonstrated that the ethanol extracts of Wisumpayayai remedy significantly inhibited phagocytic activity of the activated macrophages by zymosan-NBT reduction assay in a concentration-dependent manner (12.5-100 µg/ml). It also significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production either by pretreatment and cotreatment of the extract and without cytotoxic effect to the cells. Their IC50 values for NO inhibition were 40.77 and 37.39 µg/ml for pre-treatment and co-treatment respectively. The extract 50 and 100µg/m significantly decreased mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). These enzymes were responsible for PGE2 and NO production in the activated macrophages. Moreover, the extract 50 and 100 µg/ml were able to inhibit mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α as well as chemokines MCP-1, MIP-1α and IL-8. These enzymes and cytokines are inflammatory mediators produced during inflammatory process. The antioxidant assay showed high antioxidant activity of the extracts at 100 µg/ml. The results obtained from this study indicated that Wisumpayayai ethanol extract were able to inhibit activated macrophages functions. Therefore, this remedy may possess anti-inflammatory activity.