DOI: 10.16904/envidat.341
title: Distribution maps of permanent grassland habitats for Switzerland

description: We modelled the spatial distribution of 20 permanent grassland habitats at the level of phytosociological alliances according to the Swiss habitat typology (TypoCH; Delarze et al. 2015) at 10x10 m resolution across Switzerland. The 20 grassland habitat types belong to the following habitat groups: fens, wet meadows, raised bogs, re-seeded and heavy fertilized grasslands, dry grasslands, nutrient-poor alpine and subalpine grasslands, nutrient-rich pastures and meadows as well as fallow grasslands. 
We followed a two-step approach: 
(1) Ensemble models provide **distribution maps of the 20 individual grassland habitat types**, using training data from various sources. Predictors were Copernicus Sentinel satellite imagery and variables describing climate, soil and topography. The performance of these maps was assessed with the True Skill Statistics and split‐sampling of the data. 
Available maps for each grassland habitat: (1) *Map of the median of predicted probability of occurrence*; (2) *Map of the standard deviation of the predicted probability of occurrence* (available upon request); (3) *Binary presence/absence map* (available upon request). For an overview, see *Overview: Maps of the individual grassland habitats*.
(2) **Combined maps**: The individual maps were combined into countrywide maps of the most and second most likely habitat type, respectively, using an expert‐based weighting approach. The performance of the combined map for the most likely habitat type was assessed via an independent testing dataset and a comparison of the predicted habitat‐type proportions with extrapolations from field surveys.
Available combined maps: Map of the most likely habitat type (M1F; after regional corrections); Map of the second most likely habitat type (M2); Map of the most likely habitat type without regional corrections (available upon request); Map of the weighted median of the predicted probability of occurrence for the most/second most likely habitat type, respectively (available upon request); map of the ratio of the probabilities of occurrence of the most and second most likely habitat types (available upon request)
description: Resource Title: List of modelled grassland habitat types
 Size: 439991 bytes
 Format: application/pdf
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/0ca16003-d007-43f3-a5da-bbae47e7855d/download/modelled_grasslandhabitattypes.pdf
 Description: List of the 20 grassland habitat types modelled

Attributes: TypoCH, Modelled, Latin, Français, Deutsch, Italiano, English
description: Resource Title: Map of the most likely grassland habitat type
 Size: 49162944 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/69d45303-8a2e-4931-8270-9e2867a1c1ca/download/m1f.tif
 Description: Final combined map of the most likely grassland habitat type (i.e., after regional corrections) at 10x10 m resolution

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95 

Value: TypoCH Name 
1: 2.2.1 *Magnocaricion* + *Cladetium* 
2: 2.2.2 *Caricion fuscae* 
3: 2.2.3 *Caricion davallianae* 
4: 2.3.1 *Molinion * 
5: 2.3.2/3 *Calthion* + *Filipendulion* 
6: 2.4.1 *Sphagnion magellanici * 
7: 4.0.2 Re-seeded and heavy fertilized grassland/Kunstrasen 
8: 4.2.1/2/3 *Stipo-Poion*, *Xerobromion*, *Diplachnion* 
9: 4.2.4 *Mesobromion * 
10: 4.3.1 *Seslerion* 
11: 4.3.2/4 *Caricion firmae* + *Elynion* 
12: 4.3.3 *Caricion ferrugineae* 
13: 4.3.5 *Nardion* 
14: 4.3.6 *Festucion variae* 
15: 4.3.7 *Caricion curvulae* 
16: 4.5.1 *Arrhenatherion* 
17: 4.5.2 *Polygono-Trisetion* 
18: 4.5.3 *Cynosurion* 
19: 4.5.4 *Poion alpinae* 
20: 4.6 Fallow grassland/Grasbrachen
description: Resource Title: Overview: individual grassland habitats in the combined map
 Size: 277471 bytes
 Format: application/pdf
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/63d14be6-ee58-4033-a16f-63175794b6b3/download/summary_grassland.pdf
 Description: Overview of the occurrence of the individual habitat types in the combined map (M1F): 

For each grassland habitat type, its predicted occurrence is shown per elevation, slope, aspect and biogeographic region.
description: Resource Title: Map of the second most likely grassland habitat type
 Size: 3084994590 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/18319e46-e740-4e56-804b-9b4469a2d072/download/m2.tif
 Description: Map of the second most likely grassland habitat type at 10x10 m resolution; Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95 

Value: TypoCH Name 
1: 2.2.1 *Magnocaricion* + *Cladetium* 
2: 2.2.2 *Caricion fuscae* 
3: 2.2.3 *Caricion davallianae* 
4: 2.3.1 *Molinion * 
5: 2.3.2/3 *Calthion* + *Filipendulion* 
6: 2.4.1 *Sphagnion magellanici * 
7: 4.0.2 Re-seeded and heavy fertilized grassland/Kunstrasen 
8: 4.2.1/2/3 *Stipo-Poion*, *Xerobromion*, *Diplachnion* 
9: 4.2.4 *Mesobromion * 
10: 4.3.1 *Seslerion* 
11: 4.3.2/4 *Caricion firmae* + *Elynion* 
12: 4.3.3 *Caricion ferrugineae* 
13: 4.3.5 *Nardion* 
14: 4.3.6 *Festucion variae* 
15: 4.3.7 *Caricion curvulae* 
16: 4.5.1 *Arrhenatherion* 
17: 4.5.2 *Polygono-Trisetion* 
18: 4.5.3 *Cynosurion* 
19: 4.5.4 *Poion alpinae* 
20: 4.6 Fallow grassland/Grasbrachen
description: Resource Title: Overview: Maps of the individual grassland habitats
 Size: 2447652 bytes
 Format: application/pdf
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/ac1c81ca-89d9-4678-8baf-a23691af9a49/download/maps_individual_habitats.pdf
 Description: Countrywide ensemble maps of the 20 grassland habitat types

(1) Median predicted probability of occurrence

(2) Standard deviation of predicted probability of occurrence

(3) Presence/Absence map
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 2.2.1 (Magnocaricion + Cladietum)
 Size: 504731638 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/c2c06c9e-c0c5-4477-90ea-5fca0fb5caab/download/l221_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Magnocaricion* and *Cladietum* (TypoCH 2.2.1) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 2.2.2 (Caricion fuscae)
 Size: 592984534 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/16d79e2b-5e6f-4031-ab47-8228a75b857a/download/l222_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Caricion fuscae* (TypoCH 2.2.2) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 2.2.3 (Caricion davallianae)
 Size: 603396500 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/beb9dca9-cd4c-4654-93f3-dc2a3342e65a/download/l223_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Caricion davallianae* (TypoCH 2.2.3) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 2.3.1 (Molinion)
 Size: 578477498 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/15543981-f701-4273-a63f-5a7db98096b7/download/l231_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Molinion* (TypoCH 2.3.1) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 2.3.2/3 (Calthion + Filipendulion)
 Size: 524488494 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/0026fd29-8bee-46f8-9815-5c489fae506d/download/l232_233_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Calthion* (TypoCH 2.3.2) and *Filipendulion* (TypoCH 2.3.3) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 2.4.1 (Sphagnion magellanici)
 Size: 500506898 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/d95f49f4-9f29-486f-aebd-ec8d7faac204/download/l241_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Sphagnion magellanici* (TypoCH 2.4.1) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.2.1/2/3 (Stipo-Poion/Cirsio-Brachypodion/Xerobromion)
 Size: 363839680 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/2569b6bf-56f9-4532-a2c8-c3c67c81916a/download/l421_2_3_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Stipo Poion* (TypoCH 4.2.1.1), *Cirsio-Brachypodion* (TypoCH 4.2.1.2), *Xerobromion* (TypoCH 4.2.2) and *Diplachnion* (TypoCH 4.2.3) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.2.4 (Mesobromion)
 Size: 513903476 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/e06daaa9-70a1-4098-a92d-36bda23ef3c6/download/l424_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Mesobromion* (TypoCH 4.2.4) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.3.1 (Seslerion)
 Size: 518699774 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/bd6b2b47-349d-4a69-83da-87437c40281d/download/l431_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Seslerion* (TypoCH 4.3.1) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 2.3.2/4 (Caricion firmae + Elynion)
 Size: 483551196 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/ee7b72e2-5b40-4a55-9132-2ce8979f0abc/download/l432_434_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Caricion firmae* (TypoCH 4.3.2) and *Elynion* (TypoCH 4.3.4) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.3.3 (Caricion ferrugineae)
 Size: 493675110 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/8644ffa8-5409-4e17-bc21-4d0431b0926b/download/l433_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Caricion ferrugineae* (TypoCH 4.3.3) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.3.5 (Nardion)
 Size: 512834428 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/39cb15f2-2f1c-4ec4-8e21-26466ebe8d48/download/l435_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Nardion* (TypoCH 4.3.5) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.3.6 (Festucion variae)
 Size: 442803704 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/62d767ef-cbf5-4159-997c-b3e1fb1bbca2/download/l436_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Festucion variae* (TypoCH 4.3.6) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.3.7 (Caricion curvulae)
 Size: 541733778 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/91752954-5a53-416c-989b-36f04df29d5e/download/l437_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Caricion curvulae* (TypoCH 4.3.7) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.5.1 (Arrhenatherion)
 Size: 624559384 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/08575677-bce9-4f88-a47e-a7a5f13aaee1/download/l451_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Arrhenatherion* (TypoCH 4.5.1) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.5.2 (Polygono-Trisetion)
 Size: 604765764 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/96ad41bb-dec5-4be4-a14a-0cbc2170d458/download/l452_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Polygono-Trisetion* (TypoCH 4.5.2) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.5.3 (Cynosurion)
 Size: 603546258 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/1ba6d6fb-66c0-4e48-b10f-137433a32732/download/l453_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Cynosurion* (TypoCH 4.5.3) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.5.4 (Poion alpinae)
 Size: 590805046 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/85401a15-993d-499e-927d-284f5a5824b0/download/l454_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for *Poion alpinae* (TypoCH 4.5.4) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.
description: Resource Title: Map for TypoCH 4.6 (Fallow/Abandoned grassland)
 Size: 638711608 bytes
 Format: image/tiff
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/afbb1c97-937a-4b21-aa95-a3346ee4339d/resource/ad717a5d-778b-4830-9dae-fcae0758fe61/download/l46_median.tif
 Description: Probability of occurrence for fallow/abandoned grasslands (TypoCH 4.6) as predicted by the ensemble models

Values: 0-1000 corresponding to probabilities of occurrence from 0-1

Coordinate System: CH1903+_LV95

Spatial resolution: 10x10m

Remarks: No masking applied to remove non-grassland areas such as forested areas, etc.