cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289608.v1
title: Influence of a submaximal and maximal aerobic exercise session on mucociliary clearance and autonomic function in smokers

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate and to correlate the behavior of mucociliary clearance and the autonomic nervous system of smokers after submaximal and maximal aerobic exercise sessions. We evaluated 25 smokers and 15 nonsmokers aged between 30 and 50 years. Both groups were submitted to the saccharin transit time (STT) test and heart rate variability (HRV) before and after a submaximal (six-minute walk test) and maximal (cardiopulmonary test) exercise. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon were used for intragroup analysis and the unpaired t-test or Mann-Whitney for intergroup analysis. The correlation was performed using Pearson or Spearman coefficients (p&lt;0.05). Saccharine transit time reduced significantly after submaximal and maximal exercises in both groups. After the submaximal exercise, both groups presented significant reduction of the RR interval and increased heart rate (HR). In the nonsmoker group there were significant reductions in the RMSSD, HFms² and SD1 indexes. After maximal exercise, both groups showed significant reductions in SDNN, RMSSD, RR, LF and HF interval, in ms² and normalized units, SD1 and SD2, in addition to the increase in HR, LFun, and LF/HF ratio. STT positively correlated with LFms² (r = 0.520, p = 0.008) after the maximal exercise for the smoker group. We concluded, that regardless of the intensity of aerobic exercise, mucociliary clearance increases in smokers, but this alteration seems to be influenced by the autonomic nervous system only during maximum exercise.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289613
title: Prevalence of scapular dyskinesis and shoulder pain in amateur surfers from Rio Grande do Sul: A cross-sectional study

description: ABSTRACT The paddling movement represents 51.4% of total surfing practice time, generating high muscle demand for the shoulder complex. Despite this, there is a gap on the literature on the prevalence of pain and scapular dyskinesis (SD) in surfers. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of SD and shoulder pain in amateur surfers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The sample consisted of 21 men, aged between 18 and 42 years, surfing for at least two years. The outcomes evaluated were static SD, dynamic SD, shoulder pain - by the numerical pain rating scale -, pectoralis minor muscle length, and score on the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index. Continuous variables were expressed in mean and standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as percentages. Data associations were tested through chi-square test and Pearson correlation test. SD was present in 71.4% of the sample, with a higher prevalence of Type I dyskinesia (57.1%), and 42.9% presented shoulder pain during evaluation. SD was observed in most of the studied population, while pain was present in just under half of the participants. Although SD is a very prevalent find in amateur surfers, no correlation was observed between pain and reduced life quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289613.v1
title: Prevalence of scapular dyskinesis and shoulder pain in amateur surfers from Rio Grande do Sul: A cross-sectional study

description: ABSTRACT The paddling movement represents 51.4% of total surfing practice time, generating high muscle demand for the shoulder complex. Despite this, there is a gap on the literature on the prevalence of pain and scapular dyskinesis (SD) in surfers. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of SD and shoulder pain in amateur surfers in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional descriptive observational study. The sample consisted of 21 men, aged between 18 and 42 years, surfing for at least two years. The outcomes evaluated were static SD, dynamic SD, shoulder pain - by the numerical pain rating scale -, pectoralis minor muscle length, and score on the Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index. Continuous variables were expressed in mean and standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as percentages. Data associations were tested through chi-square test and Pearson correlation test. SD was present in 71.4% of the sample, with a higher prevalence of Type I dyskinesia (57.1%), and 42.9% presented shoulder pain during evaluation. SD was observed in most of the studied population, while pain was present in just under half of the participants. Although SD is a very prevalent find in amateur surfers, no correlation was observed between pain and reduced life quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720389
title: BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN BRAZIL: A PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW

description: Abstract The article reports the findings of a wide-ranging investigative study, designed to produce a ‘snapshot’ of Brazilian Biological Anthropology based on quantitative, qualitative, historical-documentary and bibliographic data. It includes excerpts from a series of interviews given by four Brazilian researchers who identify their area of work as Biological Anthropology, interspersed with other sources of information. These excerpts are organized into the following topics: (a) the peripheral status of Biological Anthropology within the wider field of anthropology in Brazil; (b) the relations between institutional affiliation and professional activity; and (c) the visibility of the area within the country and abroad. The aim is to provide a contribution, albeit preliminary, to a survey of the studies and discussions concerning the biological dimension of Anthropology in Brazil, in all its different aspects, especially the contemporary situation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289625
title: The bodies of Christ: performances and agencies of Passion in Ouro Preto

description: Abstract In this article, I analyze the enactments of the Passion of Christ that occur during the celebrations of Holy Week in Ouro Preto (Minas Gerais, Brazil). I follow the actors who perform the protagonist’s role and their different forms of rehearsal in more peripheral urban regions. Their conceptions of their practices - including how they distinguish a religious performance from a theatrical enactment - are explored through the idea of a continuum between the domains of ritual and theater identified by Victor Turner and Richard Schechner. I discuss the limits of the notion of performance proposed by the two authors and argue that, from a heuristic point of view, its semantic scope remains insufficient to explore ethnographic settings in which other agencies transcend the actor-audience duality. The analysis of the actors who play the role of Christ reveals different agencies (and intentionalities) that intervene in their performances and emphasizes the importance of the body as a primary locus of action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289623
title: Informational Capital and sens du jeu: Identifying the Quality of Higher Education

description: Abstract This article investigates the significance of access to higher education for a group of beneficiaries of a governmental scholarship scheme (ProUni) studying at the Catholic University of Rio (PUC-Rio). It investigates the different senses of access to higher education for these scholars, the different meanings of the ProUni in their educational careers, and how their motivations are related to their decision to carry out their studies at PUC-Rio. The analysis is carried out in dialogue with Bourdieu's concept of symbolic capital and informational capital. Using questionnaires and interviews, the article indicates how scholars guide and direct their access to higher education, in some cases changing institutions in order to guarantee the quality of their education and to increase their chances of upward mobility.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289625.v1
title: The bodies of Christ: performances and agencies of Passion in Ouro Preto

description: Abstract In this article, I analyze the enactments of the Passion of Christ that occur during the celebrations of Holy Week in Ouro Preto (Minas Gerais, Brazil). I follow the actors who perform the protagonist’s role and their different forms of rehearsal in more peripheral urban regions. Their conceptions of their practices - including how they distinguish a religious performance from a theatrical enactment - are explored through the idea of a continuum between the domains of ritual and theater identified by Victor Turner and Richard Schechner. I discuss the limits of the notion of performance proposed by the two authors and argue that, from a heuristic point of view, its semantic scope remains insufficient to explore ethnographic settings in which other agencies transcend the actor-audience duality. The analysis of the actors who play the role of Christ reveals different agencies (and intentionalities) that intervene in their performances and emphasizes the importance of the body as a primary locus of action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720389.v1
title: BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY IN BRAZIL: A PRELIMINARY OVERVIEW

description: Abstract The article reports the findings of a wide-ranging investigative study, designed to produce a ‘snapshot’ of Brazilian Biological Anthropology based on quantitative, qualitative, historical-documentary and bibliographic data. It includes excerpts from a series of interviews given by four Brazilian researchers who identify their area of work as Biological Anthropology, interspersed with other sources of information. These excerpts are organized into the following topics: (a) the peripheral status of Biological Anthropology within the wider field of anthropology in Brazil; (b) the relations between institutional affiliation and professional activity; and (c) the visibility of the area within the country and abroad. The aim is to provide a contribution, albeit preliminary, to a survey of the studies and discussions concerning the biological dimension of Anthropology in Brazil, in all its different aspects, especially the contemporary situation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11312963
title: When the Animal is the Therapist: Interspecies Practices in Human Care

description: Abstract The present article deals with the technical dimensions of zootherapy, focusing on the practices developed in this field in order to prepare the animal and the abilities already present in the animals themselves. Employing ethnographically-grounded data and focusing on the interactions between beings and the effects of these interactions, as observed and reported, we will discuss the works of Georges Haudricourt and Carole Ferret. We will then look at the potential and limits of the models presented by these two researchers, broadening the debate with the help of anthropology, by looking at the agency of the non-human beings involved in these practices (practices which seek to control many different processes). Finally, we will demonstrate that while zootherapy presents something of an enigma from the point of view of communications theory, it involves and highlights a series of actions that are socially learned by both humans and animals. In conclusion, we will consider some of the effects that this process has on humans.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11312963.v1
title: When the Animal is the Therapist: Interspecies Practices in Human Care

description: Abstract The present article deals with the technical dimensions of zootherapy, focusing on the practices developed in this field in order to prepare the animal and the abilities already present in the animals themselves. Employing ethnographically-grounded data and focusing on the interactions between beings and the effects of these interactions, as observed and reported, we will discuss the works of Georges Haudricourt and Carole Ferret. We will then look at the potential and limits of the models presented by these two researchers, broadening the debate with the help of anthropology, by looking at the agency of the non-human beings involved in these practices (practices which seek to control many different processes). Finally, we will demonstrate that while zootherapy presents something of an enigma from the point of view of communications theory, it involves and highlights a series of actions that are socially learned by both humans and animals. In conclusion, we will consider some of the effects that this process has on humans.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289623.v1
title: Informational Capital and sens du jeu: Identifying the Quality of Higher Education

description: Abstract This article investigates the significance of access to higher education for a group of beneficiaries of a governmental scholarship scheme (ProUni) studying at the Catholic University of Rio (PUC-Rio). It investigates the different senses of access to higher education for these scholars, the different meanings of the ProUni in their educational careers, and how their motivations are related to their decision to carry out their studies at PUC-Rio. The analysis is carried out in dialogue with Bourdieu's concept of symbolic capital and informational capital. Using questionnaires and interviews, the article indicates how scholars guide and direct their access to higher education, in some cases changing institutions in order to guarantee the quality of their education and to increase their chances of upward mobility.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244336
title: Artefacts urbanistiques en périphérie de rio de janeiro: la technologie du lotissement***

description: Abstract The spatial ordering of Rio de Janeiro’s poor suburbs, through subdivision (loteamento), did not raise such interest among anthropologists. Based on documents, mostly urban plans, and legislation, we intend to make a “genealogy” (Foucault) of the subdivision, giving attention to technical and political rationalities. We argue that the subdivision owes much to the “graphic reason” (Goody), to the kind of operations that the use of “graphic artifacts” allows. Moreover, this technology responds to specific problems: during colonial times, government regulated street opening in order to defend public spaces. At the end of the eighteenth century, the problem was how to reform the road network. Current subdivision regulations come from the early twentieth century, when new issues about collective needs aroused. Far from being an illegal city, poor suburbs appear as a laboratory for urban planning.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244336.v1
title: Artefacts urbanistiques en périphérie de rio de janeiro: la technologie du lotissement***

description: Abstract The spatial ordering of Rio de Janeiro’s poor suburbs, through subdivision (loteamento), did not raise such interest among anthropologists. Based on documents, mostly urban plans, and legislation, we intend to make a “genealogy” (Foucault) of the subdivision, giving attention to technical and political rationalities. We argue that the subdivision owes much to the “graphic reason” (Goody), to the kind of operations that the use of “graphic artifacts” allows. Moreover, this technology responds to specific problems: during colonial times, government regulated street opening in order to defend public spaces. At the end of the eighteenth century, the problem was how to reform the road network. Current subdivision regulations come from the early twentieth century, when new issues about collective needs aroused. Far from being an illegal city, poor suburbs appear as a laboratory for urban planning.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289626
title: From food to offspring: engagement between humans and sea turtles in two communities on the north coast of Espírito Santo

description: Abstract This article is the result of a research conducted in the villages of Regência Augusta and Povoação, in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The objective is to contribute to knowledge concerning biodiversity conservation projects and the relationships between these, local communities and emblematic species in the midst of socio-environmental conflicts. We intend to highlight some of the ways that human agents interact with each other through the relationship with other non-human agents, developing conceptions and actions in and with the world around them. The empirical analysis addresses the case of sea turtles and the environmental agents who deal with them. Those who patrol the beach are prominent in this text, but we will also consider the way in which these works form an ambiguous relationship with other knowledges and practices. The region is going through political, economic and environmental divergences related to resources and the local landscape, aggravated by the arrival of Samarco’s mud.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14289626.v1
title: From food to offspring: engagement between humans and sea turtles in two communities on the north coast of Espírito Santo

description: Abstract This article is the result of a research conducted in the villages of Regência Augusta and Povoação, in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The objective is to contribute to knowledge concerning biodiversity conservation projects and the relationships between these, local communities and emblematic species in the midst of socio-environmental conflicts. We intend to highlight some of the ways that human agents interact with each other through the relationship with other non-human agents, developing conceptions and actions in and with the world around them. The empirical analysis addresses the case of sea turtles and the environmental agents who deal with them. Those who patrol the beach are prominent in this text, but we will also consider the way in which these works form an ambiguous relationship with other knowledges and practices. The region is going through political, economic and environmental divergences related to resources and the local landscape, aggravated by the arrival of Samarco’s mud.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7243703.v1
title: Pentecostal cultures in urban peripheries: a socio-anthropological analysis of Pentecostalism in arts, grammars, crime and morality

description: Abstract In past decades, Catholicism in Brazil has emerged as a privileged theme in the Social Sciences literature, coming to be recognised as a key element in the formation of a "national culture". For the less affluent residents of the city, Catholicism constituted what Sanchis (1997) called “traditional urban popular culture”. Despite the abstraction contained in the notion of a "popular culture", Sanchis’ perspective has had wide academic repercussion. With the growing presence of Pentecostal Evangelicals in the public sphere, and the percentage of people who claimed to be “Evangelical” in the IBGE censuses since 1990, part of the social science literature began to reflect on the possible establishment of a "Pentecostal culture" in Brazil. In this article, I analyse the formation of a Pentecostal culture in urban peripheries. To this end, I consider that the increase in the number of Pentecostal churches and their devotees in these localities provoked changes in different spheres of social life. This article is based on empirical field research carried out intermittently between the years of 1996 and 2015 in the Acari shantytown (Rio de Janeiro).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420352
title: ‘Scientific torture’? Scientism and the marks of torture inside a police station in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

description: Abstract The aim of this article is to examine several architectural marks registered during 2013-2015 at the police station that once housed the DOPS, the headquarters of Brazil’s dictatorial police in the city of Belo Horizonte. To understand their importance as archaeological findings, we propose an analysis of ‘scientific torture’. We will examine the phrase’s genealogy and the practices associated with it in the second half of the twentieth century. While practiced by a number of institutions from several countries, it was the CIA that created an entire research program to organize bodies of knowledge about torture practices, producing now declassified documents about ‘interrogation techniques’. First, we will discuss some of the materialized practices developed as a result of those efforts. Second, we will discuss how these practices are reflected in the Kubark interrogation manual, edited by the CIA in 1963, particularly in what pertains to its more architectural recommendations. Finally, we will analyze the building which once housed the DOPS, to expose the notable congruencies between its architectural recommendations and the marks recorded at the DOPS building.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7243703
title: Pentecostal cultures in urban peripheries: a socio-anthropological analysis of Pentecostalism in arts, grammars, crime and morality

description: Abstract In past decades, Catholicism in Brazil has emerged as a privileged theme in the Social Sciences literature, coming to be recognised as a key element in the formation of a "national culture". For the less affluent residents of the city, Catholicism constituted what Sanchis (1997) called “traditional urban popular culture”. Despite the abstraction contained in the notion of a "popular culture", Sanchis’ perspective has had wide academic repercussion. With the growing presence of Pentecostal Evangelicals in the public sphere, and the percentage of people who claimed to be “Evangelical” in the IBGE censuses since 1990, part of the social science literature began to reflect on the possible establishment of a "Pentecostal culture" in Brazil. In this article, I analyse the formation of a Pentecostal culture in urban peripheries. To this end, I consider that the increase in the number of Pentecostal churches and their devotees in these localities provoked changes in different spheres of social life. This article is based on empirical field research carried out intermittently between the years of 1996 and 2015 in the Acari shantytown (Rio de Janeiro).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420352.v1
title: ‘Scientific torture’? Scientism and the marks of torture inside a police station in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

description: Abstract The aim of this article is to examine several architectural marks registered during 2013-2015 at the police station that once housed the DOPS, the headquarters of Brazil’s dictatorial police in the city of Belo Horizonte. To understand their importance as archaeological findings, we propose an analysis of ‘scientific torture’. We will examine the phrase’s genealogy and the practices associated with it in the second half of the twentieth century. While practiced by a number of institutions from several countries, it was the CIA that created an entire research program to organize bodies of knowledge about torture practices, producing now declassified documents about ‘interrogation techniques’. First, we will discuss some of the materialized practices developed as a result of those efforts. Second, we will discuss how these practices are reflected in the Kubark interrogation manual, edited by the CIA in 1963, particularly in what pertains to its more architectural recommendations. Finally, we will analyze the building which once housed the DOPS, to expose the notable congruencies between its architectural recommendations and the marks recorded at the DOPS building.