cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11869236
title: Nutritive value of sugarcane silages with different bacterial additives and fermentation periods

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of sugarcane silage with or without inoculation with P. acidipropionici or L. buchneri, over three fermentation periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 inoculant by fermentation period factorial arrangement (without inoculant, inoculant 1, inoculant 2; x three fermentation periods, 10, 60, 90 days). Values of pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose (HEM) and lignin were determined and in situ DM degradability profiles were modelled for parameters a, b and c, potential degradation (A) and effective degradability (ED). The 90 day fermentation yielded a lower pH for both inoculants. There was an interaction between inoculant and fermentation period (P &lt; 0.05) for DM content, with a reduction in silage DM without the additive at 90 days. The CP, HEM, ADF and lignin contents of sugarcane were not influenced by the treatments. The addition of P. acidipropionici provided the lowest NDF content at 10 days and presented a higher fraction a, potential degradation and ED. At 60 days, there was no variation in soluble fraction, the control silage showed a higher fraction b, higher potential degradation and ED. At 90 days of fermentation, L. buchneri silages presented a higher fraction a, degradation rate and DE and a higher b value was obtained in the silage without inoculant. Inoculants are effective in maintaining the silage DM content and nutritional value during prolonged fermentation periods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11869236.v1
title: Nutritive value of sugarcane silages with different bacterial additives and fermentation periods

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of sugarcane silage with or without inoculation with P. acidipropionici or L. buchneri, over three fermentation periods. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 3 x 3 inoculant by fermentation period factorial arrangement (without inoculant, inoculant 1, inoculant 2; x three fermentation periods, 10, 60, 90 days). Values of pH, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose (HEM) and lignin were determined and in situ DM degradability profiles were modelled for parameters a, b and c, potential degradation (A) and effective degradability (ED). The 90 day fermentation yielded a lower pH for both inoculants. There was an interaction between inoculant and fermentation period (P &lt; 0.05) for DM content, with a reduction in silage DM without the additive at 90 days. The CP, HEM, ADF and lignin contents of sugarcane were not influenced by the treatments. The addition of P. acidipropionici provided the lowest NDF content at 10 days and presented a higher fraction a, potential degradation and ED. At 60 days, there was no variation in soluble fraction, the control silage showed a higher fraction b, higher potential degradation and ED. At 90 days of fermentation, L. buchneri silages presented a higher fraction a, degradation rate and DE and a higher b value was obtained in the silage without inoculant. Inoculants are effective in maintaining the silage DM content and nutritional value during prolonged fermentation periods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322134
title: Non-volant mammalian species richness in the ecotonal Brazilian midnorth: checklist for Maranhão State

description: Abstract: The state of Maranhão, located in the westernmost portion of the Northeast Region of Brazil, is characterized by a dynamic and unstable ecotone among the Amazon, Caatinga and Cerrado biomes that presents a high degree of biodiversity with high vulnerability to anthropogenic activities. Despite the enormous potential for sheltering high levels of species diversity and abundance, little is known about many aspects the state’s biodiversity, especially with regard to mammalian fauna. A capture-recapture methodology using live-traps was employed to inventory the non-volant, small mammal community. In addition, we recorded medium and large mammals based on direct and indirect observations, camera-trap surveys, and interviews. An extensive literature search of published research was also performed to maximize the elaboration of a complete mammal species checklist for Maranhão. A total of 89 non-volant mammal species, representing 9 orders and 27 families were recorded in the state of Maranhão. Of these taxa, 25.84% are included in the Brazilian Red List for endangered species, while 20 are considered as being endemic to Brazil. The preservation status of some areas, coupled with the strong presence of agro-pastoral environments, contributed to some unusual species occurrences, while the state’s ecotonal nature was noted by the numbers of species associated with the Amazon (N=65) and Cerrado (N=66) biomes.. Given the rapid development and effects of numerous anthropogenic impacts occurring in the state, it is a crucial time to quantify, even at specific scales, the environmental richness of Maranhão. The significant levels of biodiversity, high degree of endemism, and the presence of numerous rare and endangered species characterizes Maranhão as being among the most biologically important parts of Brazil. Nonetheless, many gaps in our basic knowledge regarding the biodiversity of this area remain, such that the execution of additional biological inventories is imperative, as are greater efforts to clarify certain species limits and necessary taxonomic revisions, most notably that for small mammals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322134.v1
title: Non-volant mammalian species richness in the ecotonal Brazilian midnorth: checklist for Maranhão State

description: Abstract: The state of Maranhão, located in the westernmost portion of the Northeast Region of Brazil, is characterized by a dynamic and unstable ecotone among the Amazon, Caatinga and Cerrado biomes that presents a high degree of biodiversity with high vulnerability to anthropogenic activities. Despite the enormous potential for sheltering high levels of species diversity and abundance, little is known about many aspects the state’s biodiversity, especially with regard to mammalian fauna. A capture-recapture methodology using live-traps was employed to inventory the non-volant, small mammal community. In addition, we recorded medium and large mammals based on direct and indirect observations, camera-trap surveys, and interviews. An extensive literature search of published research was also performed to maximize the elaboration of a complete mammal species checklist for Maranhão. A total of 89 non-volant mammal species, representing 9 orders and 27 families were recorded in the state of Maranhão. Of these taxa, 25.84% are included in the Brazilian Red List for endangered species, while 20 are considered as being endemic to Brazil. The preservation status of some areas, coupled with the strong presence of agro-pastoral environments, contributed to some unusual species occurrences, while the state’s ecotonal nature was noted by the numbers of species associated with the Amazon (N=65) and Cerrado (N=66) biomes.. Given the rapid development and effects of numerous anthropogenic impacts occurring in the state, it is a crucial time to quantify, even at specific scales, the environmental richness of Maranhão. The significant levels of biodiversity, high degree of endemism, and the presence of numerous rare and endangered species characterizes Maranhão as being among the most biologically important parts of Brazil. Nonetheless, many gaps in our basic knowledge regarding the biodiversity of this area remain, such that the execution of additional biological inventories is imperative, as are greater efforts to clarify certain species limits and necessary taxonomic revisions, most notably that for small mammals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322135
title: A conceptual model to understand the drivers of change in tropical wetlands: a comparative assessment in India and Brazil

description: Abstract: Tropical wetlands are amongst the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth and have immense socio-ecological value. However, tropical wetlands are considered exploitable resources and continue to be drained and converted to other “productive” uses. It is therefore urgent to identify and understand the interactions between various drivers of change triggering degradation of such wetlands. In the present study, we systematically reviewed and analyzed the existing literature on wetlands in two tropical countries namely India and Brazil with special reference to inland wetlands, and proposed a conceptual model illustrating the intricate linkages of such wetlands with different drivers of change. We also developed the Nature Futures’ Framework to depict the diverse values of inland wetlands contributing to human wellbeing in the two tropical countries. Findings revealed similar drivers of change triggering the degradation of Indian and Brazilian wetlands. These include changes in climate & land use, population growth, poor land governance due to weak policies, besides other anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, and overexploitation of wetland resources. Among these, land-use change such as agriculture intensification and infrastructure development were the major direct drivers; whereas, institutional and governance factors such as the absence of concrete policy measures were the major indirect drivers threatening the inland wetlands in India and Brazil. Results also revealed some contrasting drivers of change such as illegal human settlements, and land grabbing by the brick industry for Indian wetlands; while, gold mining and intensification of bovine systems for Brazilian wetlands. Our paper also provides an insight into the status of wetland conservation in India and Brazil. We recommend the promotion of community-based conservation practices while adopting sustainable livelihood strategies by the local people for the conservation and wise use of inland wetlands in India and Brazil. The arguments raised in the paper have the potential to assist the stakeholders and/or decision-makers towards implementing sustainable management strategies for inland wetlands in the two countries, and tropical wetlands in general.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322135.v1
title: A conceptual model to understand the drivers of change in tropical wetlands: a comparative assessment in India and Brazil

description: Abstract: Tropical wetlands are amongst the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth and have immense socio-ecological value. However, tropical wetlands are considered exploitable resources and continue to be drained and converted to other “productive” uses. It is therefore urgent to identify and understand the interactions between various drivers of change triggering degradation of such wetlands. In the present study, we systematically reviewed and analyzed the existing literature on wetlands in two tropical countries namely India and Brazil with special reference to inland wetlands, and proposed a conceptual model illustrating the intricate linkages of such wetlands with different drivers of change. We also developed the Nature Futures’ Framework to depict the diverse values of inland wetlands contributing to human wellbeing in the two tropical countries. Findings revealed similar drivers of change triggering the degradation of Indian and Brazilian wetlands. These include changes in climate & land use, population growth, poor land governance due to weak policies, besides other anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, and overexploitation of wetland resources. Among these, land-use change such as agriculture intensification and infrastructure development were the major direct drivers; whereas, institutional and governance factors such as the absence of concrete policy measures were the major indirect drivers threatening the inland wetlands in India and Brazil. Results also revealed some contrasting drivers of change such as illegal human settlements, and land grabbing by the brick industry for Indian wetlands; while, gold mining and intensification of bovine systems for Brazilian wetlands. Our paper also provides an insight into the status of wetland conservation in India and Brazil. We recommend the promotion of community-based conservation practices while adopting sustainable livelihood strategies by the local people for the conservation and wise use of inland wetlands in India and Brazil. The arguments raised in the paper have the potential to assist the stakeholders and/or decision-makers towards implementing sustainable management strategies for inland wetlands in the two countries, and tropical wetlands in general.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322137.v1
title: Meningiomas and the tumor microenvironment: expression of PD-L1 and expression of PD-L1 and interferon-gamma in the prognosis

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors in adults. One of the mechanisms used by tumor cells to escape death by immune cells is to interfere with immunological checkpoints, thereby preventing the establishment of adequate immune response. Following this concept, a promising target for an immunomodulatory therapy is blocking programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1 axis), which is known to be crucial for immune escape mechanisms. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is related to PD-L1 expression, produced by activated T cells, and may promote hyper-regulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional cohort study analyzed 93 patients diagnosed with meningioma of different degrees, and immunohistochemical reactions of PD-L1 and IFN-γ proteins were performed. Results: This study did not detect PD-L1 immunoexpression in any of the 93 analyzed cases. The PD-L1 expression in meningioma cells and their potential role in local immunosuppression are not fully established and their indication for anti-PD-L1 therapy as an alternative treatment for meningiomas is still controversial. Conclusion: IFN-γ immunoexpression was related to lower rates of tumor recurrence and longer progression-free survival time; there was also a relationship with the absence of pleomorphism, better differentiation and lower tumor grade for this marker.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322137
title: Meningiomas and the tumor microenvironment: expression of PD-L1 and expression of PD-L1 and interferon-gamma in the prognosis

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors in adults. One of the mechanisms used by tumor cells to escape death by immune cells is to interfere with immunological checkpoints, thereby preventing the establishment of adequate immune response. Following this concept, a promising target for an immunomodulatory therapy is blocking programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1 axis), which is known to be crucial for immune escape mechanisms. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is related to PD-L1 expression, produced by activated T cells, and may promote hyper-regulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional cohort study analyzed 93 patients diagnosed with meningioma of different degrees, and immunohistochemical reactions of PD-L1 and IFN-γ proteins were performed. Results: This study did not detect PD-L1 immunoexpression in any of the 93 analyzed cases. The PD-L1 expression in meningioma cells and their potential role in local immunosuppression are not fully established and their indication for anti-PD-L1 therapy as an alternative treatment for meningiomas is still controversial. Conclusion: IFN-γ immunoexpression was related to lower rates of tumor recurrence and longer progression-free survival time; there was also a relationship with the absence of pleomorphism, better differentiation and lower tumor grade for this marker.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322138
title: Parotid follicular lymphoid hyperplasia - a rare entity: the challenges in differential diagnosis

description: ABSTRACT A 61-year-old female patient presented a nodular lesion located in the right buccal mucosa with a 3-month evolution. Clinical hypotheses of salivary duct cyst and mucocele were proposed, and the patient underwent excisional biopsy. Microscopically, a well-circumscribed and encapsulated lymphoid aggregate fragment was observed, characterized by layers of well-differentiated small lymphocytes and collections of reactive lymphoblasts. These findings, associated with immunohistochemistry, established the diagnosis of follicular lymphoid hyperplasia. Currently, the patient is well, under follow-up after six months.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322138.v1
title: Parotid follicular lymphoid hyperplasia - a rare entity: the challenges in differential diagnosis

description: ABSTRACT A 61-year-old female patient presented a nodular lesion located in the right buccal mucosa with a 3-month evolution. Clinical hypotheses of salivary duct cyst and mucocele were proposed, and the patient underwent excisional biopsy. Microscopically, a well-circumscribed and encapsulated lymphoid aggregate fragment was observed, characterized by layers of well-differentiated small lymphocytes and collections of reactive lymphoblasts. These findings, associated with immunohistochemistry, established the diagnosis of follicular lymphoid hyperplasia. Currently, the patient is well, under follow-up after six months.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322143
title: Efficacy of complex decongestive therapy for lymphedema of the lower limbs: a systematic review

description: Abstract Lymphedema is a chronic condition that negatively affects function and quality of life. There is currently no definitive treatment. However, some options have been proposed to mitigate its consequences. Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) stands out as one of the main treatment methods of choice. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this technique for treating lower extremity lymphedema. The results revealed that CDT was effective in reducing the volume of affected limbs. However, some questions have not yet been answered, such as: How long do patients benefit from using CDT? and How to maintain the gains obtained? It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis because of heterogeneity, unsatisfactory methodological quality of the available studies, and the lack of a gold-standard protocol for administration of the technique. Further studies are needed to advance lymphedema research and therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322143.v1
title: Efficacy of complex decongestive therapy for lymphedema of the lower limbs: a systematic review

description: Abstract Lymphedema is a chronic condition that negatively affects function and quality of life. There is currently no definitive treatment. However, some options have been proposed to mitigate its consequences. Complex Decongestive Therapy (CDT) stands out as one of the main treatment methods of choice. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this technique for treating lower extremity lymphedema. The results revealed that CDT was effective in reducing the volume of affected limbs. However, some questions have not yet been answered, such as: How long do patients benefit from using CDT? and How to maintain the gains obtained? It was not possible to perform a meta-analysis because of heterogeneity, unsatisfactory methodological quality of the available studies, and the lack of a gold-standard protocol for administration of the technique. Further studies are needed to advance lymphedema research and therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322141.v1
title: DRIVERS OF SERVICE INNOVATION: PROPOSAL OF A THEORETICAL MODEL

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To propose a theoretical model based on nine drivers of service innovation (organizational culture, strategies, research and development, employees, technological trajectory, institutional trajectory, competitors, consumers, and suppliers) in order to comprehend the phenomenon. Originality/value: Given its recent empowerment and the manufacturing focus it has initially received, service innovation still lacks models that seek to comprehend the phenomenon within an encompassing and particular framework. The originality of this study arises from this issue. Design/methodology/approach: The method consists of a multiple case study. We used semi-structured interviews with strategic hospital managers and documental research with an analysis of accounting balances, organograms, and other documents. We addressed the cases from a systemic perspective in order to permit comparison within the same structure. Results: The model permitted us to recognize that the analyzed hospitals were having difficulty innovating, as shown by some characteristics found through the drivers that were proposed by this study. More specifically, the hospitals follow a unidimensional and outdated concept of innovation; that is, they consider innovation in services to be the adoption of technologies from the industry, as shown by Barras (1986). There are also no strategic innovation programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14322141
title: DRIVERS OF SERVICE INNOVATION: PROPOSAL OF A THEORETICAL MODEL

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To propose a theoretical model based on nine drivers of service innovation (organizational culture, strategies, research and development, employees, technological trajectory, institutional trajectory, competitors, consumers, and suppliers) in order to comprehend the phenomenon. Originality/value: Given its recent empowerment and the manufacturing focus it has initially received, service innovation still lacks models that seek to comprehend the phenomenon within an encompassing and particular framework. The originality of this study arises from this issue. Design/methodology/approach: The method consists of a multiple case study. We used semi-structured interviews with strategic hospital managers and documental research with an analysis of accounting balances, organograms, and other documents. We addressed the cases from a systemic perspective in order to permit comparison within the same structure. Results: The model permitted us to recognize that the analyzed hospitals were having difficulty innovating, as shown by some characteristics found through the drivers that were proposed by this study. More specifically, the hospitals follow a unidimensional and outdated concept of innovation; that is, they consider innovation in services to be the adoption of technologies from the industry, as shown by Barras (1986). There are also no strategic innovation programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14268314
title: The state of the art of institutional capacity: a scoping review of the literature in Portuguese

description: Abstract Government institutional capacity is generally understood as the set of skills observed in governmental institutions, which are necessary to achieve public goals. However, there are numerous conceptualizations in the literature. This study aimed to breakdown institutional capacity, into its constitutive dimensions. The search for proxies active in the Brazilian context and that empirically allow measuring the operationalization of institutional capacity took place after an extensive literature review from three perspectives: a) analysis of the network of authors, identifying the main researchers exploring the topic of institutional capacity, b) a descending hierarchical classification technique aimed to distinguish the classes (if any) that represent distinct forms of discourse on the concept of institutional capacity, and c) the word tree technique, which identified connections between the keyword institutional capacity, and the entire textual corpus. We conclude that it is possible to advance empirically in studies on institutional capacity by examining the government’s fiscal, administrative, and political dimensions.