DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qrfj6q5tn
title: Wildfire and extreme rainfall reduce soil carbon and nitrogen pools in a semiarid shrubland ecosystem

description: This study took advantage of a wildfire, natural variation in rainfall,
 and a controlled rain-shelter experiment to examine the interactions of
 fire and rain on soil structure and organic matter storage in a coastal
 sage scrub ecosystem in southern California. The study includes data from
 2022-2024. Passive rain shelters were installed in the fall of 2022, and
 were paired with nearby control plots. The years preceding the study were
 drier than average, while 2023 was an exceptionally high rainfall year,
 and 2024 was close to the long-term average. The study includes two areas
 that burned in a January 2021 wildfire and an adjacent unburned area. For
 most variables, there are at total of 36 datapoints for each year (3 areas
 x 2 rainfall treatments x 6 replicates). The datasets include carbon and
 nitrogen associated with different soil physical fractions, including
 water stable aggregates, particulate organic matter, mineral associated
 organic matter, and soluble pools. Additionally, soil water content was
 measured at three depths at 15 minute intervals in each plot. This project
 was funded by NSF grant 2154746.  
description: # Wildfire and extreme rainfall reduce soil carbon and nitrogen pools in a
 semiarid shrubland ecosystem Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.qrfj6q5tn](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.qrfj6q5tn) ##
 Description of the data and file structure The study includes data from
 2022-2024 from a coastal sage scrub ecosystem in southern California.
 Passive rain shelters (diverting 66% of rainfall) were installed in the
 fall of 2022, and were paired with nearby control plots. The years
 preceding the study were drier than average, while 2023 was an
 exceptionally high rainfall year, and 2024 was close to the long-term
 average. The study includes two areas that burned in a January 2021
 wildfire (A and B) and an adjacent unburned area (C). Soil samples (25 cm
 deep) were collected in January 2022 and late spring of 2023 and 2024. For
 most variables, there are at total of 36 data points for each year (3
 areas x 2 rainfall treatments x 6 replicates). The datasets include carbon
 and nitrogen associated with different soil physical fractions, including
 water stable aggregates, particulate organic matter, mineral associated
 organic matter, and soluble pools. Additionally, soil water content was
 measured at three depths (0-12, 13-25 and 38-50cm) at 15 minute intervals
 in each plot. ### Files and variables #### **File:
 VWC2024recalibrated.csv** **Description:** soil volumetric water content
 (unitless, cm^3^ H~2~O cm^-3^ soil) at three depths from 36 plots
 collected in water year 2024 (May 2023 to May 2024). Odd numbered plots
 had rain shelters, even numbered plots were controls with no shelters.
 Plots 1-12 were in burned zone A, plots 13-24 were in burned zone B, and
 plots 25-36 were in the unburned zone, C.    **Variables** * UTCdate:
 date/time of measurement in UTC time zone (local time zone was Pacific,
 UTC-8) * VWC_1_a: volumetric water content, plot 1, 0-12 cm * VWC_1_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 1, 13-25 cm * VWC_1_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 1, 38-50 cm * VWC_2_a: volumetric water content, plot 2,
 0-12 cm * VWC_2_b: volumetric water content, plot 2, 13-25 cm * VWC_2_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 2, 38-50 cm * VWC_3_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 3, 0-12 cm * VWC_3_b: volumetric water content, plot 3,
 13-25 cm * VWC_3_c: volumetric water content, plot 3, 38-50 cm * VWC_4_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 4, 0-12 cm * VWC_4_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 4, 13-25 cm * VWC_4_c: volumetric water content, plot 4,
 38-50 cm * VWC_5_a: volumetric water content, plot 5, 0-12 cm * VWC_5_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 5, 13-25 cm * VWC_5_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 5, 38-50 cm * VWC_6_a: volumetric water content, plot 6,
 0-12 cm * VWC_6_b: volumetric water content, plot 6, 13-25 cm * VWC_6_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 6, 38-50 cm * VWC_7_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 7, 0-12 cm * VWC_7_b: volumetric water content, plot 7,
 13-25 cm * VWC_7_c: volumetric water content, plot 7, 38-50 cm * VWC_8_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 8, 0-12 cm * VWC_8_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 8, 13-25 cm * VWC_8_c: volumetric water content, plot 8,
 38-50 cm * VWC_9_a: volumetric water content, plot 9, 0-12 cm * VWC_9_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 9, 13-25 cm * VWC_9_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 9, 38-50 cm * VWC_10_a: volumetric water content, plot 10,
 0-12 cm * VWC_10_b: volumetric water content, plot 10, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_10_c: volumetric water content, plot 10, 38-50 cm * VWC_11_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 11, 0-12 cm * VWC_11_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 11, 13-25 cm * VWC_11_c: volumetric water content, plot 11,
 38-50 cm * VWC_12_a: volumetric water content, plot 12, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_12_b: volumetric water content, plot 12, 13-25 cm * VWC_12_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 12, 38-50 cm * VWC_13_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 13, 0-12 cm * VWC_13_b: volumetric water content, plot 13,
 13-25 cm * VWC_13_c: volumetric water content, plot 13, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_14_a: volumetric water content, plot 14, 0-12 cm * VWC_14_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 14, 13-25 cm * VWC_14_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 14, 38-50 cm * VWC_15_a: volumetric water content, plot 15,
 0-12 cm * VWC_15_b: volumetric water content, plot 15, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_15_c: volumetric water content, plot 15, 38-50 cm * VWC_16_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 16, 0-12 cm * VWC_16_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 16, 13-25 cm * VWC_16_c: volumetric water content, plot 16,
 38-50 cm * VWC_17_a: volumetric water content, plot 17, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_17_b: volumetric water content, plot 17, 13-25 cm * VWC_17_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 17, 38-50 cm * VWC_18_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 18, 0-12 cm * VWC_18_b: volumetric water content, plot 18,
 13-25 cm * VWC_18_c: volumetric water content, plot 18, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_19_a: volumetric water content, plot 19, 0-12 cm * VWC_19_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 19, 13-25 cm * VWC_19_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 19, 38-50 cm * VWC_20_a: volumetric water content, plot 20,
 0-12 cm * VWC_20_b: volumetric water content, plot 20, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_20_c: volumetric water content, plot 20, 38-50 cm * VWC_21_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 21, 0-12 cm * VWC_21_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 21, 13-25 cm * VWC_21_c: volumetric water content, plot 21,
 38-50 cm * VWC_22_a: volumetric water content, plot 22, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_22_b: volumetric water content, plot 22, 13-25 cm * VWC_22_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 22, 38-50 cm * VWC_23_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 23, 0-12 cm * VWC_23_b: volumetric water content, plot 23,
 13-25 cm * VWC_23_c: volumetric water content, plot 23, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_24_a: volumetric water content, plot 24, 0-12 cm * VWC_24_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 24, 13-25 cm * VWC_24_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 24, 38-50 cm * VWC_25_a: volumetric water content, plot 25,
 0-12 cm * VWC_25_b: volumetric water content, plot 25, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_25_c: volumetric water content, plot 25, 38-50 cm * VWC_26_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 26, 0-12 cm * VWC_26_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 26, 13-25 cm * VWC_26_c: volumetric water content, plot 26,
 38-50 cm * VWC_27_a: volumetric water content, plot 27, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_27_b: volumetric water content, plot 27, 13-25 cm * VWC_27_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 27, 38-50 cm * VWC_28_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 28, 0-12 cm * VWC_28_b: volumetric water content, plot 28,
 13-25 cm * VWC_28_c: volumetric water content, plot 28, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_29_a: volumetric water content, plot 29, 0-12 cm * VWC_29_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 29, 13-25 cm * VWC_29_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 29, 38-50 cm * VWC_30_a: volumetric water content, plot 30,
 0-12 cm * VWC_30_b: volumetric water content, plot 30, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_30_c: volumetric water content, plot 30, 38-50 cm * VWC_31_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 31, 0-12 cm * VWC_31_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 31, 13-25 cm * VWC_31_c: volumetric water content, plot 31,
 38-50 cm * VWC_32_a: volumetric water content, plot 32, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_32_b: volumetric water content, plot 32, 13-25 cm * VWC_32_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 32, 38-50 cm * VWC_33_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 33, 0-12 cm * VWC_33_b: volumetric water content, plot 33,
 13-25 cm * VWC_33_c: volumetric water content, plot 33, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_34_a: volumetric water content, plot 34, 0-12 cm * VWC_34_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 34, 13-25 cm * VWC_34_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 34, 38-50 cm * VWC_35_a: volumetric water content, plot 35,
 0-12 cm * VWC_35_b: volumetric water content, plot 35, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_35_c: volumetric water content, plot 35, 38-50 cm * VWC_36_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 36, 0-12 cm * VWC_36_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 36, 13-25 cm **File: VWC2023recalibrated.csv**
 **Description:** soil volumetric water content (unitless, cm^3^ H~2~O
 cm^-3^ soil) at three depths from 36 plots collected in water year 2023
 (Nov 2022 to May 2023). Odd numbered plots had rain shelters, even
 numbered plots were controls with no shelters. Plots 1-12 were in burned
 zone A, plots 13-24 were in burned zone B, and plots 25-36 were in the
 unburned zone, C. **Variables** * UTCdate: date/time of measurement in UTC
 time zone (local time zone was Pacific, UTC-8) * VWC_1_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 1, 0-12 cm * VWC_1_b: volumetric water content, plot 1,
 13-25 cm * VWC_1_c: volumetric water content, plot 1, 38-50 cm * VWC_2_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 2, 0-12 cm * VWC_2_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 2, 13-25 cm * VWC_2_c: volumetric water content, plot 2,
 38-50 cm * VWC_3_a: volumetric water content, plot 3, 0-12 cm * VWC_3_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 3, 13-25 cm * VWC_3_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 3, 38-50 cm * VWC_4_a: volumetric water content, plot 4,
 0-12 cm * VWC_4_b: volumetric water content, plot 4, 13-25 cm * VWC_4_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 4, 38-50 cm * VWC_5_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 5, 0-12 cm * VWC_5_b: volumetric water content, plot 5,
 13-25 cm * VWC_5_c: volumetric water content, plot 5, 38-50 cm * VWC_6_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 6, 0-12 cm * VWC_6_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 6, 13-25 cm * VWC_6_c: volumetric water content, plot 6,
 38-50 cm * VWC_7_a: volumetric water content, plot 7, 0-12 cm * VWC_7_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 7, 13-25 cm * VWC_7_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 7, 38-50 cm * VWC_8_a: volumetric water content, plot 8,
 0-12 cm * VWC_8_b: volumetric water content, plot 8, 13-25 cm * VWC_8_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 8, 38-50 cm * VWC_9_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 9, 0-12 cm * VWC_9_b: volumetric water content, plot 9,
 13-25 cm * VWC_9_c: volumetric water content, plot 9, 38-50 cm * VWC_10_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 10, 0-12 cm * VWC_10_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 10, 13-25 cm * VWC_10_c: volumetric water content, plot 10,
 38-50 cm * VWC_11_a: volumetric water content, plot 11, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_11_b: volumetric water content, plot 11, 13-25 cm * VWC_11_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 11, 38-50 cm * VWC_12_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 12, 0-12 cm * VWC_12_b: volumetric water content, plot 12,
 13-25 cm * VWC_12_c: volumetric water content, plot 12, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_13_a: volumetric water content, plot 13, 0-12 cm * VWC_13_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 13, 13-25 cm * VWC_13_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 13, 38-50 cm * VWC_14_a: volumetric water content, plot 14,
 0-12 cm * VWC_14_b: volumetric water content, plot 14, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_14_c: volumetric water content, plot 14, 38-50 cm * VWC_15_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 15, 0-12 cm * VWC_15_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 15, 13-25 cm * VWC_15_c: volumetric water content, plot 15,
 38-50 cm * VWC_16_a: volumetric water content, plot 16, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_16_b: volumetric water content, plot 16, 13-25 cm * VWC_17_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 17, 0-12 cm * VWC_17_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 17, 13-25 cm * VWC_17_c: volumetric water content, plot 17,
 38-50 cm * VWC_18_a: volumetric water content, plot 18, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_18_b: volumetric water content, plot 18, 13-25 cm * VWC_19_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 19, 0-12 cm * VWC_19_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 19, 13-25 cm * VWC_19_c: volumetric water content, plot 19,
 38-50 cm * VWC_20_a: volumetric water content, plot 20, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_20_b: volumetric water content, plot 20, 13-25 cm * VWC_20_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 20, 38-50 cm * VWC_21_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 21, 0-12 cm * VWC_21_b: volumetric water content, plot 21,
 13-25 cm * VWC_21_c: volumetric water content, plot 21, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_22_a: volumetric water content, plot 22, 0-12 cm * VWC_22_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 22, 13-25 cm * VWC_22_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 22, 38-50 cm * VWC_23_a: volumetric water content, plot 23,
 0-12 cm * VWC_23_b: volumetric water content, plot 23, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_23_c: volumetric water content, plot 23, 38-50 cm * VWC_24_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 24, 0-12 cm * VWC_24_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 24, 13-25 cm * VWC_24_c: volumetric water content, plot 24,
 38-50 cm * VWC_25_a: volumetric water content, plot 25, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_25_b: volumetric water content, plot 25, 13-25 cm * VWC_25_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 25, 38-50 cm * VWC_26_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 26, 0-12 cm * VWC_26_b: volumetric water content, plot 26,
 13-25 cm * VWC_26_c: volumetric water content, plot 26, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_27_a: volumetric water content, plot 27, 0-12 cm * VWC_27_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 27, 13-25 cm * VWC_27_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 27, 38-50 cm * VWC_28_a: volumetric water content, plot 28,
 0-12 cm * VWC_28_b: volumetric water content, plot 28, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_28_c: volumetric water content, plot 28, 38-50 cm * VWC_29_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 29, 0-12 cm * VWC_29_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 29, 13-25 cm * VWC_29_c: volumetric water content, plot 29,
 38-50 cm * VWC_30_a: volumetric water content, plot 30, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_30_b: volumetric water content, plot 30, 13-25 cm * VWC_30_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 30, 38-50 cm * VWC_31_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 31, 0-12 cm * VWC_31_b: volumetric water content, plot 31,
 13-25 cm * VWC_31_c: volumetric water content, plot 31, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_32_a: volumetric water content, plot 32, 0-12 cm * VWC_32_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 32, 13-25 cm * VWC_32_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 32, 38-50 cm * VWC_33_a: volumetric water content, plot 33,
 0-12 cm * VWC_33_b: volumetric water content, plot 33, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_33_c: volumetric water content, plot 33, 38-50 cm * VWC_34_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 34, 0-12 cm * VWC_34_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 34, 13-25 cm * VWC_34_c: volumetric water content, plot 34,
 38-50 cm * VWC_35_a: volumetric water content, plot 35, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_35_b: volumetric water content, plot 35, 13-25 cm * VWC_35_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 35, 38-50 cm * VWC_36_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 36, 0-12 cm * VWC_36_b: volumetric water content, plot 36,
 13-25 cm **File: VWC2022recalibrated.csv** **Description:** soil
 volumetric water content (unitless, cm^3^ H~2~O cm^-3^ soil) at three
 depths from 36 plots collected in 2022, prior to installation of rain
 shelters (Mar to Oct 2022). Plots 1-12 were in burned zone A, plots 13-24
 were in burned zone B, and plots 25-36 were in the unburned zone, C.
 **Variables** * UTCdate: date/time of measurement in UTC time zone (local
 time zone was Pacific, UTC-8) * VWC_1_a: volumetric water content, plot 1,
 0-12 cm * VWC_1_b: volumetric water content, plot 1, 13-25 cm * VWC_1_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 1, 38-50 cm * VWC_2_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 2, 0-12 cm * VWC_2_b: volumetric water content, plot 2,
 13-25 cm * VWC_2_c: volumetric water content, plot 2, 38-50 cm * VWC_3_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 3, 0-12 cm * VWC_3_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 3, 13-25 cm * VWC_3_c: volumetric water content, plot 3,
 38-50 cm * VWC_4_a: volumetric water content, plot 4, 0-12 cm * VWC_4_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 4, 13-25 cm * VWC_4_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 4, 38-50 cm * VWC_5_a: volumetric water content, plot 5,
 0-12 cm * VWC_5_b: volumetric water content, plot 5, 13-25 cm * VWC_5_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 5, 38-50 cm * VWC_6_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 6, 0-12 cm * VWC_6_b: volumetric water content, plot 6,
 13-25 cm * VWC_6_c: volumetric water content, plot 6, 38-50 cm * VWC_7_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 7, 0-12 cm * VWC_7_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 7, 13-25 cm * VWC_7_c: volumetric water content, plot 7,
 38-50 cm * VWC_8_a: volumetric water content, plot 8, 0-12 cm * VWC_8_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 8, 13-25 cm * VWC_8_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 8, 38-50 cm * VWC_9_a: volumetric water content, plot 9,
 0-12 cm * VWC_9_b: volumetric water content, plot 9, 13-25 cm * VWC_9_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 9, 38-50 cm * VWC_10_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 10, 0-12 cm * VWC_10_b: volumetric water content, plot 10,
 13-25 cm * VWC_10_c: volumetric water content, plot 10, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_11_a: volumetric water content, plot 11, 0-12 cm * VWC_11_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 11, 13-25 cm * VWC_11_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 11, 38-50 cm * VWC_12_a: volumetric water content, plot 12,
 0-12 cm * VWC_12_b: volumetric water content, plot 12, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_12_c: volumetric water content, plot 12, 38-50 cm * VWC_13_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 13, 0-12 cm * VWC_13_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 13, 13-25 cm * VWC_13_c: volumetric water content, plot 13,
 38-50 cm * VWC_14_a: volumetric water content, plot 14, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_14_b: volumetric water content, plot 14, 13-25 cm * VWC_14_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 14, 38-50 cm * VWC_15_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 15, 0-12 cm * VWC_15_b: volumetric water content, plot 15,
 13-25 cm * VWC_15_c: volumetric water content, plot 15, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_16_a: volumetric water content, plot 16, 0-12 cm * VWC_16_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 16, 13-25 cm * VWC_17_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 17, 0-12 cm * VWC_17_b: volumetric water content, plot 17,
 13-25 cm * VWC_17_c: volumetric water content, plot 17, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_18_a: volumetric water content, plot 18, 0-12 cm * VWC_18_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 18, 13-25 cm * VWC_19_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 19, 0-12 cm * VWC_19_b: volumetric water content, plot 19,
 13-25 cm * VWC_19_c: volumetric water content, plot 19, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_20_a: volumetric water content, plot 20, 0-12 cm * VWC_20_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 20, 13-25 cm * VWC_20_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 20, 38-50 cm * VWC_21_a: volumetric water content, plot 21,
 0-12 cm * VWC_21_b: volumetric water content, plot 21, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_21_c: volumetric water content, plot 21, 38-50 cm * VWC_22_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 22, 0-12 cm * VWC_22_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 22, 13-25 cm * VWC_22_c: volumetric water content, plot 22,
 38-50 cm * VWC_23_a: volumetric water content, plot 23, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_23_b: volumetric water content, plot 23, 13-25 cm * VWC_23_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 23, 38-50 cm * VWC_24_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 24, 0-12 cm * VWC_24_b: volumetric water content, plot 24,
 13-25 cm * VWC_24_c: volumetric water content, plot 24, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_25_a: volumetric water content, plot 25, 0-12 cm * VWC_25_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 25, 13-25 cm * VWC_25_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 25, 38-50 cm * VWC_26_a: volumetric water content, plot 26,
 0-12 cm * VWC_26_b: volumetric water content, plot 26, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_26_c: volumetric water content, plot 26, 38-50 cm * VWC_27_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 27, 0-12 cm * VWC_27_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 27, 13-25 cm * VWC_27_c: volumetric water content, plot 27,
 38-50 cm * VWC_28_a: volumetric water content, plot 28, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_28_b: volumetric water content, plot 28, 13-25 cm * VWC_28_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 28, 38-50 cm * VWC_29_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 29, 0-12 cm * VWC_29_b: volumetric water content, plot 29,
 13-25 cm * VWC_29_c: volumetric water content, plot 29, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_30_a: volumetric water content, plot 30, 0-12 cm * VWC_30_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 30, 13-25 cm * VWC_30_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 30, 38-50 cm * VWC_31_a: volumetric water content, plot 31,
 0-12 cm * VWC_31_b: volumetric water content, plot 31, 13-25 cm *
 VWC_31_c: volumetric water content, plot 31, 38-50 cm * VWC_32_a:
 volumetric water content, plot 32, 0-12 cm * VWC_32_b: volumetric water
 content, plot 32, 13-25 cm * VWC_32_c: volumetric water content, plot 32,
 38-50 cm * VWC_33_a: volumetric water content, plot 33, 0-12 cm *
 VWC_33_b: volumetric water content, plot 33, 13-25 cm * VWC_33_c:
 volumetric water content, plot 33, 38-50 cm * VWC_34_a: volumetric water
 content, plot 34, 0-12 cm * VWC_34_b: volumetric water content, plot 34,
 13-25 cm * VWC_34_c: volumetric water content, plot 34, 38-50 cm *
 VWC_35_a: volumetric water content, plot 35, 0-12 cm * VWC_35_b:
 volumetric water content, plot 35, 13-25 cm * VWC_35_c: volumetric water
 content, plot 35, 38-50 cm * VWC_36_a: volumetric water content, plot 36,
 0-12 cm * VWC_36_b: volumetric water content, plot 36, 13-25 cm **File:
 profiles2023smooth.csv** **Description:** Water storage (kg/m2) in upper
 50 cm of soil, estimated from volumetric water content at three depths,
 for 36 plots in water year 2023 (Nov 2022-May 2023). Daily averages are
 listed except for days with rain events, which are at 15 minute
 intervals. Odd numbered plots had rain shelters, even numbered plots were
 controls with no shelters. Plots 1-12 were in burned zone A, plots 13-24
 were in burned zone B, and plots 25-36 were in the unburned zone, C.
 **Variables** * UTCdate: date/time of measurement in UTC time zone (local
 time zone was Pacific, UTC-8) * profile_1: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of
 soil, plot 1 * profile_2: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 2 *
 profile_3: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 3 * profile_4: kg H2O/m2
 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 4 * profile_5: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of
 soil, plot 5 * profile_6: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 6 *
 profile_7: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 7 * profile_8: kg H2O/m2
 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 8 * profile_9: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of
 soil, plot 9 * profile_10: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 10 *
 profile_11: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 11 * profile_12: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 12 * profile_13: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 13 * profile_14: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 14 * profile_15: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 15 * profile_16:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 16 * profile_17: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 17 * profile_18: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 18 * profile_19: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 19 *
 profile_20: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 20 * profile_21: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 21 * profile_22: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 22 * profile_23: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 23 * profile_24: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 24 * profile_25:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 25 * profile_26: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 26 * profile_27: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 27 * profile_28: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 28 *
 profile_29: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 29 * profile_30: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 30 * profile_31: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 31 * profile_32: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 32 * profile_33: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 33 * profile_34:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 34 * profile_35: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 35 * profile_36: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 36 **File: profiles2022smooth.csv** **Description:** Water storage
 (kg/m2) in upper 50 cm of soil, estimated from volumetric water content at
 three depths, for 36 plots in 2022, prior to installation of rain shelters
 (Mar - Oct 2022). Daily averages are listed except for days with rain
 events, which are at 15 minute intervals. Plots 1-12 were in burned zone
 A, plots 13-24 were in burned zone B, and plots 25-36 were in the unburned
 zone, C. **Variables** * UTCdate: date/time of measurement in UTC time
 zone (local time zone was Pacific, UTC-8) * profile_1: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 1 * profile_2: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 2 * profile_3: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 3 * profile_4: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 4 * profile_5: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 5 * profile_6: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 6 *
 profile_7: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 7 * profile_8: kg H2O/m2
 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 8 * profile_9: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of
 soil, plot 9 * profile_10: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 10 *
 profile_11: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 11 * profile_12: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 12 * profile_13: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 13 * profile_14: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 14 * profile_15: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 15 * profile_16:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 16 * profile_17: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 17 * profile_18: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 18 * profile_19: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 19 *
 profile_20: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 20 * profile_21: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 21 * profile_22: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 22 * profile_23: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 23 * profile_24: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 24 * profile_25:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 25 * profile_26: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 26 * profile_27: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 27 * profile_28: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 28 *
 profile_29: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 29 * profile_30: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 30 * profile_31: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 31 * profile_32: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 32 * profile_33: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 33 * profile_34:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 34 * profile_35: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 35 * profile_36: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 36 **File: profiles2024smooth.csv** **Description:** Water storage
 (kg/m2) in upper 50 cm of soil, estimated from volumetric water content at
 three depths, for 36 plots in water year 2024 (May 2023-May 2024). Daily
 averages are listed except for days with rain events, which are at 15
 minute intervals. Odd numbered plots had rain shelters, even numbered
 plots were controls with no shelters. Plots 1-12 were in burned zone A,
 plots 13-24 were in burned zone B, and plots 25-36 were in the unburned
 zone, C. **Variables** * UTCdate: date/time of measurement in UTC time
 zone (local time zone was Pacific, UTC-8) * profile_1: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 1 * profile_2: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 2 * profile_3: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 3 * profile_4: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 4 * profile_5: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 5 * profile_6: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 6 *
 profile_7: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 7 * profile_8: kg H2O/m2
 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 8 * profile_9: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of
 soil, plot 9 * profile_10: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 10 *
 profile_11: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 11 * profile_12: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 12 * profile_13: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 13 * profile_14: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 14 * profile_15: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 15 * profile_16:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 16 * profile_17: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 17 * profile_18: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 18 * profile_19: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 19 *
 profile_20: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 20 * profile_21: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 21 * profile_22: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 22 * profile_23: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 23 * profile_24: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 24 * profile_25:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 25 * profile_26: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 26 * profile_27: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 27 * profile_28: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 28 *
 profile_29: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 29 * profile_30: kg
 H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 30 * profile_31: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50
 cm of soil, plot 31 * profile_32: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot
 32 * profile_33: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 33 * profile_34:
 kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil, plot 34 * profile_35: kg H2O/m2 in upper
 50 cm of soil, plot 35 * profile_36: kg H2O/m2 in upper 50 cm of soil,
 plot 36 **File: sfwsa.csv** **Description:** fraction of sand-free water
 stable aggregates contributing to soil mass. Blank cells represent missing
 values. **Variables** * plot: experimental plot #1-36 * pair: paired rain
 shelter plot and adjacent control plot, 1-18 * zone: burned site A, burned
 site B, unburned site C * burn: burned in in 2021 wildfire or adjacent
 unburned area * rain: rain shelter (blocked 66% rain) or shelter-free
 control (received full rainfall) * year: year of soil collection * sf4000:
 fraction (unitless) of soil in &gt;4000 um aggregates * sf2000: fraction
 (unitless) of soil in 2000-4000 um aggregates * sf500: fraction (unitless)
 of soil in 500-2000 um aggregates * sf125: fraction (unitless) of soil in
 125-500 um aggregates **File: PALcations2022.csv**
 **Description:** acid-extractable cations from soil, collected in 2022.
 **Variables** * Sample: plot# (1-36) * zone: burned site A, burned site B,
 unburned site C * burn: burned in in 2021 wildfire or adjacent unburned
 area * rain: rain shelter treatment to which plot would eventually be
 assigned (not yet installed at time of sampling)  * Ca_ppm: calcium, parts
 per million * Fe_ppm: iron, parts per million * K_ppm: potassium, parts
 per million * Mg_ppm: magnesium, parts per million * Na_ppm: sodium, parts
 per million **File: extractableN2023.csv** **Description:** Concentrations
 of soluble N forms in 0.5M potassium sulfate extracts from soils collected
 in 2023.    **Variables** * PAL Site: experimental plot#1-36 *
 pair: paired rain shelter plot and adjacent control plot, 1-18 *
 site: burned site A, burned site B, unburned site C * burn: burned in in
 2021 wildfire or adjacent unburned area * rain: rain shelter (blocked 66%
 rain) or shelter-free control (received full rainfall) * NO3_ugN_g:
 nitrate, ug N/g soil * NH4_ugN_g: ammonium, ug N/g soil * TDNugN_g: total
 dissolved N, ug N/g soil **File: soilCNfractions_allyears.csv**
 **Description:** Carbon and nitrogen associated with soil physical
 fractions. Blank cells indicate missing data.  **Variables** * plot:
 experimental plot #1-36  * year: year of soil collection  * pair: paired
 rain shelter plot and adjacent control plot, 1-18 * site: burned site A,
 burned site B, unburned site C  * burn: burned in in 2021 wildfire or
 adjacent unburned area * rain: rain shelter (blocked 66% rain) or
 shelter-free control (received full rainfall) * wsa125mgN_g: water stable
 aggregates, 125-500 um fraction, mg N/g soil * wsa125mgC_g: water stable
 aggregates, 125-500 um fraction, mg C/g soil * wsa500mgN_g: water stable
 aggregates, 500-2000 um fraction, mg N/g soil * wsa500mgC_g: water stable
 aggregates, 500-2000 um fraction, mg C/g soil * wsa2000mgN_g: water stable
 aggregates, 2000-4000 um fraction, mg N/g soil * wsa2000mgC_g:water stable
 aggregates, 2000-4000 um fraction, mg C/g soil * wsa4000mgN_g: water
 stable aggregates, &gt;4000 um fraction, mg N/g soil * wsa4000mgC_g: water
 stable aggregates, &gt;4000 um fraction, mg C/g soil * MAOMmgN_g:
 mineral-associated organic matter, mg N/g soil *
 MAOMmgC_g: mineral-associated organic matter, mg C/g soil * POMmgN_g:
 particulate organic matter, mg N/g soil * POMmgC_g: particulate organic
 matter, mg C/g soil * bulkmgN_g: whole (unfractionated) soil, mg N/g
 soil   * bulkmgC_g: whole (unfractionated) soil, mg C/g soil * DOC_ug_g:
 dissolved organic C, ug C/g soil **File: sensortable2.csv**
 **Description:** information about soil moisture sensors, required by
 diurnalsmooth.R **Variables** * filename: original name of file containing
 raw data for sensor * len: number of records in original file * start:
 date-time code for first record * addrows: used to align sensors to same
 starting time * jump: used to detect time of installation in field (VWC
 jump) * sd: standard deviation of soil temperature, used to verify soil
 depth * serial: serial number of TMS4 sensor * plot: experimental plot
 #1-36  * depthcat: categorical description of sensor depth (a, b, c =
 shallow, medium, deep) * depthcm: sensor depth in cm * zone: burned site
 A, burned site B, unburned site C * burned: burned in in 2021 wildfire or
 adjacent unburned area * raintrt: rain shelter (blocked 66% rain) or
 shelter-free control (received full rainfall) **File:
 vwc_summary2022recalibrated.csv** **Description:** Mean, maximum, minimum,
 and standard deviation of volumetric water content (VWC) for each sensor
 (3 depths/plot), and water stored in the soil profile at each plot, and
 summation of water gains and losses from the profile over the pre-shelter
 period of the study (Mar-Oct 2022). **Variables** * plot: experimental
 plot #1-36  * zone: burned site A, burned site B, unburned site C * burn:
 burned in in 2021 wildfire or adjacent unburned area * raintrt: rain
 shelter (blocked 66% rain) or shelter-free control (received full
 rainfall) * maxa: maximum VWC for shallow sensor (0-12cm) * maxb: maximum
 VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) * maxc: maximum VWC for deep sensor
 (38-50cm, nominal) * maxprof: maximum water storage in 50 cm profile *
 mina: minimum VWC for shallow sensor (0-12cm) * minb: minimum VWC for
 medium sensor (13-25cm) * minc: minimum VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm,
 nominal) * minprof: minimum water storage in 50 cm profile * avga: mean
 VWC for shallow sensor (0-12cm) * avgb: mean VWC for medium sensor
 (13-25cm) * avgc: mean VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm, nominal) * avgprof:
 mean water storage in 50 cm profile * sda: standard deviation of VWC for
 shallow sensor (0-12cm) * sdb: standard deviation of VWC for medium sensor
 (13-25cm) * sdc: standard deviation of VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm,
 nominal) * sdprof: standard deviation of water storage in 50 cm profile *
 sumET: sum of water lost from profile (evapotranspiration and subsurface
 flow) * sumperc: sum of water entering profile **File:
 vwc_summary2023recalibrated.csv** **Description:** Mean, maximum, minimum,
 and standard deviation of volumetric water content (VWC) for each sensor
 (3 depths/plot), and water stored in the soil profile at each plot, and
 summation of water gains and losses from the profile over the 2023 water
 year (Nov 2022-May 2023). **Variables** * plot: experimental plot #1-36  *
 zone: burned site A, burned site B, unburned site C * burn: burned in in
 2021 wildfire or adjacent unburned area * raintrt: rain shelter (blocked
 66% rain) or shelter-free control (received full rainfall) * maxa: maximum
 VWC for shallow sensor (0-12cm) * maxb: maximum VWC for medium sensor
 (13-25cm) * maxc: maximum VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm, nominal) *
 maxprof: maximum water storage in 50 cm profile * mina: minimum VWC for
 shallow sensor (0-12cm) * minb: minimum VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) *
 minc: minimum VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm, nominal) * minprof: minimum
 water storage in 50 cm profile * avga: mean VWC for shallow sensor
 (0-12cm) * avgb: mean VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) * avgc: mean VWC for
 deep sensor (38-50cm, nominal) * avgprof: mean water storage in 50 cm
 profile * sda: standard deviation of VWC for shallow sensor (0-12cm) *
 sdb: standard deviation of VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) * sdc: standard
 deviation of VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm, nominal) * sdprof: standard
 deviation of water storage in 50 cm profile * sumET: sum of water lost
 from profile (evapotranspiration and subsurface flow) * sumperc: sum of
 water entering profile **File: vwc_summary2024recalibrated.csv**
 **Description:** Mean, maximum, minimum, and standard deviation of
 volumetric water content (VWC) for each sensor (3 depths/plot), and water
 stored in the soil profile at each plot, and summation of water gains and
 losses from the profile over the 2024 water year (June 2023-May 2024).
 **Variables** * plot: experimental plot #1-36  * zone: burned site A,
 burned site B, unburned site C * burn: burned in in 2021 wildfire or
 adjacent unburned area * raintrt: rain shelter (blocked 66% rain) or
 shelter-free control (received full rainfall) * maxa: maximum VWC for
 shallow sensor (0-12cm) * maxb: maximum VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) *
 maxc: maximum VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm, nominal) * maxprof: maximum
 water storage in 50 cm profile * mina: minimum VWC for shallow sensor
 (0-12cm) * minb: minimum VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) * minc: minimum
 VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm, nominal) * minprof: minimum water storage in
 50 cm profile * avga: mean VWC for shallow sensor (0-12cm) * avgb: mean
 VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) * avgc: mean VWC for deep sensor (38-50cm,
 nominal) * avgprof: mean water storage in 50 cm profile * sda: standard
 deviation of VWC for shallow sensor (0-12cm) * sdb: standard deviation of
 VWC for medium sensor (13-25cm) * sdc: standard deviation of VWC for deep
 sensor (38-50cm, nominal) * sdprof: standard deviation of water storage in
 50 cm profile * sumET: sum of water lost from profile (evapotranspiration
 and subsurface flow) * sumperc: sum of water entering profile **File:
 diurnalsmooth.R** **Description:** R code for smoothing out noise in water
 sensor data due to diurnal temperature fluctuations. Retains 15-minute
 data for rain events but uses daily averages for non-rainy days. Outputs
 smoothed time courses and yearly summary files. Uses sensortable2.csv,
 VWC2022recalibrated.csv, VWC2023recalibrated.csv and
 VWC2024recalibrated.csv files. **File: lmeVWC.R** **Description:** R code
 for linear mixed effects (lme) models run on summarized VWC data
 (vwc_summary2022recalibrated.csv, vwc_summary2023recalibrated.csv, and
 vwc_summary2024recalibrated.csv files). **File: palwsa_lme22-24.R**
 Description: R code for lme analysis of soil organic fractions: water
 stable aggregate C, dissolved organic C (DOC), particulate organic matter
 (POM), mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) and total soil C and N for
 all years of the study, and extractable N data for 2023. Uses
 soilCNfractions_allyears.csv and extractableN2023.csv files. **File:
 sandfreewsa.R** **Description:** R code for lme analysis of sand-free
 water stable aggregates. Uses sfwsa.csv file. **File: wsa_CvN.R**
 **Description:** R code for regression analysis on C- and N-content of
 water stable aggregates. Uses soilCNfractions_allyears.csv file. **File:
 cations_JGR.R** **Description:** R code for lme analysis of extractable
 cations. Uses PALcations2022.csv file. ## Code/software No special
 software is required to view data. All data files are in comma-separated
 text format. R code was run on R version 4.4.3 (2025-02-08), with packages
 specified within each file. ## Access information Other publicly
 accessible locations of the data: * NA Data was derived from the following
 sources: * NA