cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-wwv6-bd26
title: Electric Power Network
title: in Seaside Testbed Data Inventory for Infrastructure, Population, and Earthquake-Tsunami Hazard

description: This dataset contains electric infrastructure characteristics for Seaside, Oregon.
description: This project contains datasets associated with Seaside, Oregon, a multi-hazard testbed for infrastructure resilience. Seaside is located along the Oregon coast and is subject to both seismic and tsunami hazards associated with the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ). The Seaside testbed was established as a multi-hazard testbed for the NIST Community Resilience Center of Excellence. The size of Seaside lends itself to parcel-level analyses of multi-infrastructure damage, loss, and recovery modeling. 


Datasets are provided for built-, natural-, and social-systems in Seaside. The built environment consists of buildings, electric power, transportation, and water infrastructures. The building inventory was constructed from tax-lot data, Google street view, and a field survey (Park et al., 2017b). The electric power network was constructed from aerial imagery. Bridges in the transportation network are from the National Bridge Inventory and roads are from the TIGER/Line database. The water network is from the city of Seaside public works (Kameshwar et al., 2019). The natural environment (hazards) are the result of a probabilistic seismic-tsunami hazards analysis (PSTHA; Park et al., 2017a). The social systems consist of results from a housing unit allocation (Rosenheim et al., 2019). Researchers, decision makers, and planners, among others, can utilize these datasets to conduct community-scale multi-hazard risk assessment, focusing on application to the coastal urban city of Seaside, Oregon.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-z7zb-bq89
title: Cyclic Direct Simple Shear tests - Effect of relative density
title: in LEAP-2022 - Effects of overburden stress, relative density, and static shear stress on cyclic strength of Ottawa F65 sand

description: The stress-strain behavior and liquefaction strength of Ottawa F65 sand was investigated through an extensive series of cyclic direct simple shear (CDSS) tests. The study quantified the effects of relative density on the cyclic strength of Ottawa F65 sand. The database of CDSS tests was used to develop an Artificial Neural Networks model to predict Ottawa F65 cyclic strength.
description: The stress-strain-strength behavior of Ottawa F-65 sand is investigated through a series of stress-controlled Cyclic Direct Simple Shear (CDSS) tests conducted as part of the Liquefaction Experiments and Analysis Project (LEAP-2022). The tests were performed with two different overburden stresses on specimens prepared with different relative densities and subjected to different static (initial) shear stresses prior to cyclic shearing. The report included here presents the setup and experimental procedure, as well as the liquefaction strength curves and the results obtained from each test. The dataset presented in this report builds on the soil characterization tests, cyclic triaxial tests, and direct simple shear tests performed for the LEAP-2017, LEAP-2018/9, and LEAP-2020 (ElGhoraiby, Park and Manzari, 2017, 2018a, b, 2020). The current dataset is archived on DesignSafe-CI and a MATLAB script is also provided for post-processing and visualization of the experimental data.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-041d-es47
title: Finite Element Micro-modeling of Earth Block Masonry Systems
title: in Finite Element Micro-modeling of Unreinforced Earth Block Masonry

description: This study investigates the limitations of SMMs to simulate the mechanical response of EBM. A detailed micro-model (DMM) is proposed to accurately simulate the behavior of EBM systems, in which both masonry blocks and mortar are modeled by continuum elements, and the block-mortar interfaces are represented by zero-thickness interface elements. DMMs explicitly model the behavior of the individual masonry constituents and address the intrinsic discontinuity and heterogeneity of masonry structures.
description: Earth block masonry (EBM) is attracting interest as an affordable and sustainable alternative to other mainstream materials and systems for low-rise buildings. However, most research on EBM focuses on its mechanical properties rather than its structural behavior. Additionally, numerical studies of EBM use finite element simplified micro-models, which were developed for fired-clay and cinder-block masonry and assume that cracking occurs mainly in the block-mortar interface and/or mortar, whereas block remains elastic. However, EBM often has significant cracking through the blocks since the compressive and tensile strength of the block, mortar, and unit-mortar interface are similar. This study shows that SMMs do not accurately simulate the mechanical response of EBM and develop a new detailed micro-model for EBM systems that is validated through a comparison of experimental and FE results for EBM walls subject to diagonal compression forces.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-2zs2-r990
title: Early Access Reconnaissance Report (EARR)
title: in StEER - 3 March 2020 Nashville Tornadoes

description: In the overnight and early morning hours of March 2-3, 2020, a series of tornadoes struck Tennessee and Kentucky. The seven tornadoes touching down in Tennessee caused 25 fatalities, 19 of which occurred within a two-mile stretch just west of Cookeville, TN. This Early Access Reconnaissance Report (EARR) is StEER’s second product in response to these tornadoes, (1) overviewing the hazard characteristics, (2) StEER’s event response, (3) preliminary findings based on the data and observations generated by its Field Assessment Structural Team (FAST), and (4) recommendations for further study. Note that all observations and findings provided in this EARR should be considered preliminary and are based on the limited scope of the FAST.
description: In the early morning hours of March 3, 2020, a strong tornado struck the City of Nashville and the surrounding metropolitan region with estimated maximum wind speeds of 165 mph. The tornado passed through Nashville and continued east for 53 miles, impacting the communities of Donelson, Mt. Juliet and Lebanon before lifting. The same storm system then produced a second tornado that struck Cookeville, TN with estimated wind speeds of 175 mph. The Nashville tornado was the third tornado that passed through the Five Points area of Nashville. Damage was reported across a diverse cross-section of buildings spanning a number of communities: Camden, Germantown/North Nashville, East Nashville/Five Points, Donelson, Mt. Juliet, Lebanon and Cookeville. Exposure of an urban metro area to this series of tornadoes resulted in significant impacts to power infrastructure and building performance ranging from loss of roof cover and broken windows to complete destruction. Affected typologies and building classes include single and multi-family wood framed homes, commercial construction (ranging from big box stores down to smaller restaurants/retail shops), airport and industrial buildings, and a number of schools. More gravely, these nocturnal tornadoes claimed two dozen lives and injured hundreds more. Given the loss of life and property in this event and the fact that the Nashville tornado sequence impacted an urban area with diverse building classes and typologies, this event offers an opportunity to advance our knowledge of structural resistance to strong winds, particularly given that new construction was among the inventory significantly damaged. This project encompasses the products of StEER's response to this event: Preliminary Virtual Reconnaissance Report (PVRR), Early Access Reconnaissance Report (EARR) and Curated Dataset.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-3rc2-qy38
title: Hurricane Harvey Twitter Data

description: Collected all tweets from a 12-day period from when Harvey first formed until remnants left the U.S. Tweets were collected using Twitter API searching for keywords of wind and water threats that co-occurred in the same tweet. Search terms included the following:  ((tornado OR #tornado OR \"funnel cloud\” OR funnelcloud) (\"flash flood\” OR flood OR flashflood OR \"storm surge\" OR stormsurge)). Tweets were classified into three categories: public user (e.g. seeking information and sharing personal experience), authoritative user (e.g. sharing information but not personal information), or other (e.g. private or deleted accounts and bots). After classification, Twitter was re queried via the API to collect contextual tweet streams (entire user history) for the 12-day period for public and authoritative users. As January 2021, the dataset contains 131,754 tweets from 233 authoritative users and 208,725 tweets from 337 public users.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-46wc-n185
title: Database of Diagonally-Reinforced Concrete Coupling Beams
title: in Database of Diagonally-Reinforced Concrete Coupling Beams

description: Test data of coupling beams were collected from the literature (Refs. 1-22) published between 1974 and
2020 in peer-reviewed journals, institute proceedings, conference proceedings, research center reports,
and theses. The database contains 60 specimens that meet the following conditions: 1) primary
longitudinal reinforcement consists of bonded straight diagonal bars, 2) sufficient information is available
to describe the specimen; 3) concrete is not fiber reinforced; 4) concrete is confined with rectilinear
hoops; 5) beam is subjected to cyclic loading and double curvature; 6) failure mode was not induced by
twisting due to inadequate bracing at supports; and 7) beam penetrations or notches are not present within
the beam span. 
The database originated as part of research projects by Ameen et al. (2018) and Weber-Kamin et al.
(2020), and further extended by the authors after the projects.
description: Test data of 60 coupling beams were collected from the literature published between 1974 and
2020 in peer-reviewed journals, institute proceedings, conference proceedings, research center reports,
and theses.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-4a4k-xv35
title: Undergraduate Research Experience (REU), NHERI 2021: Code Development for the Ongoing Research of Axially Loaded Flowline Tests in Gulf of Mexico Clay

description: For this research project, a pipe model was simulated in a laboratory to test the effect of cyclic loading on the axial resistance between a pipe and a clay from the Gulf of Mexico. By better understanding this frictional resistance, engineers can find ways to mitigate pipeline walking, a phenomenon that causes disturbances to pipe flowlines.The data for the cyclic load tests was processed using Python to access the data more efficiently and to use it for plotting and calculations. The tests for all four series were stored in a table where each individual series could be processed and displayed. A plot was then created for the second series of the second test to demonstrate the usage of the data in Python. The code created in this research project provided a framework to be utilized for different purposes to plot and efficiently access the abundance of data. The framework code created for this research project can be further expanded and used to answer bigger conceptual research questions.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-6dw9-vd39
title: Pull-off test
title: in RAPID: Performance of Reinforced Concrete Structures with Externally Bonded Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composite Retrofits in the 2018 Anchorage, Alaska Earthquake

description: Externally bonded fiber reinforced polymer (EBFRP) composites can be used to seismically retrofit structures in a simple and economical manner. However, lack of documented evidence of their performance during an earthquake still limits their widespread adoption. In this project, the effects of the November 30, 2018, earthquake (magnitude 7.0) in Anchorage, Alaska, on the performance of EBFRP composite retrofits in reinforced concrete buildings, were studied. This study, for the first time, provides information on the performance of EBFRP retrofitted structures in an earthquake that occurred in the United States. 
The main objective of this project is to collect perishable data on EBFRP response during the 2018 Alaskan earthquake to improve understanding of the performance of EBFRP-retrofitted structures. The data collection activities in Anchorage, Alaska, coordinated with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), included the following: (1) photographic documentation of damage to EBFRP retrofit systems (e.g., delamination, rupture, and environmental degradation), and (2) identification of in-situ characteristics of the EBFRP utilizing non-destructive (e.g., acoustic sounding and infrared thermography) and semi-destructive (e.g., bond pull-off test) methods. Where permissible, small samples of EBFRP were collected for chemical and thermal analysis to determine the extent of environmental degradation in EBFRP.
description: Bond pull-off testing was performed at Ted Stevens International Airport (TSIA) and McKinley Tower (MKT). Pull-off bond tests were performed on the selected interior and exterior columns of both buildings. Exterior EBFRP retrofits were exposed to a lower temperature and more moisture compared to interior EBFRPs. The effect of differences between these two locations was investigated through testing and comparing bond strength of EBFPR indoor and outdoor. The test procedure involved: sanding the test area, core-drilling trough the composite material into concrete, attaching 5 cm aluminum pucks to the test area using a quick-set epoxy adhesive and applying tension load though adhesion tester. Failure modes are recorded and described according to ASTM D7522. Assessment of the bond strength between EBFRP and concrete at TSIA and MKT showed that bond degradation might have occurred over time. The bond strength between EBFRP and concrete at TSIA was lower than the minimum strength required in ACI 440.2R. Collected information will provide data set for other researchers and practitioners to benchmark the numerical modeling techniques used to simulate the bond between EBFRP and concrete.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-6g7w-d357
title: High resolution wind tunnel experiments for high-rise building cladding design
title: in Analysis of peak suction events for high-rise building cladding design

description: This project has investigated the peak suction events that are relevant to high-rise building cladding design. High-resolution experiments were performed in the Wall of Wind NHERI EF under different atmospheric boundary layer conditions. The measurements have been compared to a previous experiment in a closed-section wind tunnel at the Politecnico di Milano, and they have been used to validate large-eddy simulations in a related numerical project (Quantifying Uncertainties in Computational Fluid Dynamics Predictions for Wind Loads on Buildings).
description: High-resolution pressure tap measurements were performed near the top corner of a high-rise building facade in the Wall of Wind NHERI EF. The model was tested under six different inflow conditions, representing two exposures (open and suburban) at three different Reynolds numbers. This data set contains the time series of cobra probe velocity measurements that characterize the incoming boundary layers and the time series of all pressure tap measurements. The data set can be used for validation of computational fluid dynamics simulations and for the development and validation of models to calculate design loads on cladding panels.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-6wq5-c559
title: Vs30 Estimates in California from the P-wave Seismogram Approach

description: Vs30 is a commonly used parameter in ground motion models and building codes to account for site effects. For locations where Vs30 measurements are not available, the P-wave seismogram method is an attractive alternative to estimate Vs30. The P-wave seismogram method estimates the near surface shear wave velocity using the ratio between the horizontal and vertical components of the initial portion of incident P-waves recorded at ground motion recording stations. This dataset contains the data files and scripts utilized to estimate the Vs30 at 194 ground motion recording stations in California. Please reference the READ_ME document for more detailed description of each file in this dataset.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-7sb3-ra83
title: Establishing a Social Research Infrastructure for Hazards and Disaster Studies - Atlantic Canada

description: This project aims to comprehensively map existing hazards and disaster educational resources and programs at post-secondary institutions across Atlantic Canada (New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland and Labrador). Data was collected from the official websites of 15 colleges and 22 universities, of which are a mix of public and private entities. The data collected includes the following: (1) description of the college or university, (2) website and address, (3) courses that focus on physical, social, or human hazards and risks, and (4) academic programs that address physical, social, or human hazards and risks explicitly. This data can be used to compare and illustrate the differences in the current level of hazards-and-disasters-specific-post-secondary educational resources at an intra- and inter- provincial level, which in turn, can encourage academic institutions and educators to address the existing gaps and explore possible solutions and remedies. The data can also be used by current and future students in identifying potential hazards-and-disaster-related programs and courses within the various institutions and their faculties.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-a74m-g031
title: Jupyter notebook for visualization of spatially distributed data in risk and resilience analysis

description: This project serves as the main repository for the Jupyter Notebook and complimentary input data required for the DesignSafe use case noted as “Jupyter notebooks for visualization of spatially distributed data in risk and resilience analysis”. The Jupyter Notebook leverages different Python packages and modules to visualize spatially distributed data that can be found as input (or output) data of the risk and resilience pipeline. The aim of this project is to share a Jupyter Notebook that can serve as a launching point for other researchers to create static, interactive, or dynamic maps for better visualization and communication of the risk and resilience pipeline intermediate and final outcomes. The Jupyter Notebook uses for illustrative purposes a highway bridge network hypothetically placed in the Memphis Metropolitan Statistical Area (MMSA) exposed to earthquake events. However, the visualization of spatial and temporal data has relevance to other hazards (e.g. floods, hurricanes, etc.) and other distributed infrastructure or lifelines (e.g., power, water, etc.).  The Jupyter Notebook navigates various stages, from visualizing static hazard outputs to developing animated figures to understand the recovery of the highway system after an event occurrence. Some of the visualized products represent data that can be obtained through the Tools & Applications space in the DesignSafe cyberinfrastructure (for example using the SimCenter research tools) or other platforms for resilience measurement science (for example, the IN-CORE platform). Ideas presented in the Jupyter Notebook are useful for sanity checks, verification and validation of data and results, standardization of figures and maps for presentations, publishing results of resilience analyses, enabling interaction between stakeholders, among others. This Jupyter Notebook can be used as guidance, or as a launching point, to develop more effective communication tools for the risk and resilience analysis of distributed infrastructure, enabling a better understanding of the inputs and outcomes of the projects during the different intermediate or final stages of analysis.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-dvve-9z57
title: Community disaster preparedness to earthquakes in Washington State: Research design documents and survey instruments in English
title: in Community Disaster Preparedness to Earthquakes

description: The rediscovery of large earthquakes, specifically magnitude-nine (M9) earthquakes, in the 1980s spurred interest in seismicity research from an interdisciplinary perspective. Researchers from the University of Washington"s "The M9 Project" conducted a study to assess individual- and community-level factors related to disaster preparedness and resilience to earthquakes. The study included: a paper mail survey sent to a random sample of Seattle households (N=1,340) stratified by zip codes selected for their contrasting demographic characteristics, and a convenience sample from the Vietnamese (N=54) Health Board in Seattle and King County. Participants were randomly selected to receive a survey instrument on either individual or community disaster preparedness; these surveys differed only in the formulation of a small number of questions about emergency preparations. The survey instruments were originally written in English, then adapted into Arabic, French, Spanish, and Vietnamese to suit the languages used in immigrant and refugee communities in the United States. The instruments used to collect the data are in this published project. The data will be archived at a later date.
description: This collection includes research design documents and survey instruments in English. Research design documents include the IRB application and variable list, a cover letter for a mail survey, and reminder postcards. The individual disaster preparedness (IDP) survey measured respondents’ reports of their own disaster preparedness whereas the community disaster preparedness (CDP) survey measured their reports of community-level disaster preparedness.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-jdyq-jk58
title: HWCM+ADCIRC model simulations
title: in Effect of Tropical Cyclone Landfall Angle on Storm Surge

description: We implemented the use of a newly developed model based on the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model- the Hybrid WRF Cyclone Model (HWCM)- to create a large number of synthetic tropical cyclones affecting the Mid-Atlantic Bight. The HWCM allows for the creation of tropical cyclones of similar characteristics and for a degree of control of the cyclone landfall location. The simulation design allowed for the comparison of the effect of storms approaching the coast at different angles. We investigated the role of tropical cyclone impact angle on storm surge. The HWCM tropical cyclone simulations were used as atmospheric forcing to the ADCIRC storm surge model.
description: This project contains model simulations conducted for a study to determine the sensitivity of storm surge to tropical cyclone landfall angle and location. The dataset presented contains both atmospheric and hydrodynamic model simulations. A total of 198 simulations of tropical cyclones were conducted with the Hybrid WRF Cyclone Model (HWCM). These simulations were used as atmospheric forcing to the hydrodynamic ADCIRC model to assess the storm surge impacts along the New Jersey and New York coastlines. The data presented can be used for additional assessment of tropical cyclone impacts (i.e. precipitation, winds) and sensitivity studies on the effect of atmospheric forcing on storm surge.

Additional information on file formatting is available in the README file.