cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11930367
title: Physical and chemical characterization of sewage sludge with different proportions of diatomaceous earth

description: ABSTRACT The use of residues for agricultural production is an alternative for the achievement of sustainability. When mixed with diatomaceous earth (DE) from biofuel filtration, sewage sludge (SS) plays an important role as soil conditioning agent. As a result, the objective of this work was to make a DE vermicompost at different proportions: 0; 7.53; 15.06; 22.59 and 30.12% v/v in relation to a SS pre-compost (PC) and gardening pruning residues. The experiment was carried out in 100-L containers in a randomized block design, with 5 treatments and 5 replications, in which Eisenia foetida earthworms were used in the pre-composting and vermicomposting processes. After four months, the physical characteristics of the vermicompost were analyzed. It was verified that the diatomaceous earth can be vermicomposted, even when soaked in biofuel oil, at amounts of up to 30.12% v/v, with no visible physical damage to earthworms and plants, and this proportion of DE reduced the concentration of nutrients, but improved the physical properties of the vermicompost, making it an excellent physical conditioner for use as a substrate of plants and fertilization of soils.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11930367.v1
title: Physical and chemical characterization of sewage sludge with different proportions of diatomaceous earth

description: ABSTRACT The use of residues for agricultural production is an alternative for the achievement of sustainability. When mixed with diatomaceous earth (DE) from biofuel filtration, sewage sludge (SS) plays an important role as soil conditioning agent. As a result, the objective of this work was to make a DE vermicompost at different proportions: 0; 7.53; 15.06; 22.59 and 30.12% v/v in relation to a SS pre-compost (PC) and gardening pruning residues. The experiment was carried out in 100-L containers in a randomized block design, with 5 treatments and 5 replications, in which Eisenia foetida earthworms were used in the pre-composting and vermicomposting processes. After four months, the physical characteristics of the vermicompost were analyzed. It was verified that the diatomaceous earth can be vermicomposted, even when soaked in biofuel oil, at amounts of up to 30.12% v/v, with no visible physical damage to earthworms and plants, and this proportion of DE reduced the concentration of nutrients, but improved the physical properties of the vermicompost, making it an excellent physical conditioner for use as a substrate of plants and fertilization of soils.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11930199
title: Nutrition of tree species in tropical dry forest and rainforest environments

description: ABSTRACT Knowledge of the nutritional efficiency of species can help revegetation of forest areas, guiding the use of species that best adapt to environmental humidity, altitude and diversity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient utilization efficiency of N, P, K, Ca and Mg of dominant species in tropical dry forest and rainforest environments. The work was carried out in two areas, both in Pernambuco state, characterized as: Tropical Dry Forest of Caatinga and Tropical Rainforest of Atlantic Forest. A floristic and phytosociological survey was carried out. Species with highest density were evaluated, four from the dry forest and three from the rainforest. For each species, leaves of five healthy individuals of similar size were sampled and nutrient contents were determined. Leaf biomass was estimated by allometric equations. Rainforest species were more efficient in the use of N and K, and dry forest species in the use of P and K. In the dry forest environment, the species Pilocarpus spicatus and Guapira oposita stored more nutrients, and in the rainforest, the species Dialuim guianese was more efficient. These species are essential for the balance of ecosystems and the continuous and sustainable cycling of nutrients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11930199.v1
title: Nutrition of tree species in tropical dry forest and rainforest environments

description: ABSTRACT Knowledge of the nutritional efficiency of species can help revegetation of forest areas, guiding the use of species that best adapt to environmental humidity, altitude and diversity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient utilization efficiency of N, P, K, Ca and Mg of dominant species in tropical dry forest and rainforest environments. The work was carried out in two areas, both in Pernambuco state, characterized as: Tropical Dry Forest of Caatinga and Tropical Rainforest of Atlantic Forest. A floristic and phytosociological survey was carried out. Species with highest density were evaluated, four from the dry forest and three from the rainforest. For each species, leaves of five healthy individuals of similar size were sampled and nutrient contents were determined. Leaf biomass was estimated by allometric equations. Rainforest species were more efficient in the use of N and K, and dry forest species in the use of P and K. In the dry forest environment, the species Pilocarpus spicatus and Guapira oposita stored more nutrients, and in the rainforest, the species Dialuim guianese was more efficient. These species are essential for the balance of ecosystems and the continuous and sustainable cycling of nutrients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11930361
title: Scientific novel: Araucaria angustifolia branch may be converted into orthotropic trunk by grafting

description: ABSTRACT Grafting technique has been presented as an alternative for Araucaria angustifolia propagation. However, vegetative rescuing mature trees and obtaining large numbers of propagules is difficult, because the use of branch grafts has not been indicated due to its plagiotropic and morphogenic characteristic, generally resulting in undesired growth of the graft. So we aimed to describe the unpublished fact occurred in four plants of A. angustifolia grafted with grafts from primary branches that resulted in conversion to trunk. Plant growth and morphology were evaluated ten years after grafting. We verified vertical growth and organization of trunk and persistent branches with defined whorls, same to plants grafted with trunk grafts. Field tests with grafted plants using grafts obtained from the four plants resulted in same development pattern, proving the permanent morphogenic change and opening new perspectives for araucaria vegetative rescue and grafting. We concluded that trunciform shoots can be obtained by A. angustifolia grafting with plagiotropic primary branches. Despite the morphological clarity of trunciform shoots on grafted plagiotropic primary branches, it has not yet been possible to identify the causes of this reversion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11930361.v1
title: Scientific novel: Araucaria angustifolia branch may be converted into orthotropic trunk by grafting

description: ABSTRACT Grafting technique has been presented as an alternative for Araucaria angustifolia propagation. However, vegetative rescuing mature trees and obtaining large numbers of propagules is difficult, because the use of branch grafts has not been indicated due to its plagiotropic and morphogenic characteristic, generally resulting in undesired growth of the graft. So we aimed to describe the unpublished fact occurred in four plants of A. angustifolia grafted with grafts from primary branches that resulted in conversion to trunk. Plant growth and morphology were evaluated ten years after grafting. We verified vertical growth and organization of trunk and persistent branches with defined whorls, same to plants grafted with trunk grafts. Field tests with grafted plants using grafts obtained from the four plants resulted in same development pattern, proving the permanent morphogenic change and opening new perspectives for araucaria vegetative rescue and grafting. We concluded that trunciform shoots can be obtained by A. angustifolia grafting with plagiotropic primary branches. Despite the morphological clarity of trunciform shoots on grafted plagiotropic primary branches, it has not yet been possible to identify the causes of this reversion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929197.v1
title: Aspects of the reproductive biology of Zingiber spectabile (Zingiberaceae)

description: ABSTRACT Ginger (Zingiber spectabile) is cultivated worldwide as a floriculture and landscaping species. Studies on the biology and floral morphology of this species are important for its improvement; however, they are scarce. We investigated the reproductive biology and floral morphology of gingers grown in a germplasm bank. Floral development was monitored during the pre-anthesis and anthesis periods. Floral morphometry, pollen viability, stigmatic receptivity, volume and concentration of nectar sugar, and performance of possible pollinators were evaluated. Ginger flowers had a 24-h durability. Ginger torch is an allogamous species that exhibits floral hercogamy like other Zingiberaceae. Ginger flowers had a 12-h anthesis. During anthesis, floral structures related to reproduction such as the style, stigma, and anther crest continued to develop, increasing floral herkogamy. Pollen viability was above 70% and the stigma remained receptive throughout the anthesis period. Hummingbirds were the only pollinators recorded in the study area that were able to move the anther crest. Fruiting was determined in a natural pollination system. The occurrence of nocturnal anthesis characterized by an increase in the development of reproductive structures and nectar production suggests that the species is adapted to nocturnal visitors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929197
title: Aspects of the reproductive biology of Zingiber spectabile (Zingiberaceae)

description: ABSTRACT Ginger (Zingiber spectabile) is cultivated worldwide as a floriculture and landscaping species. Studies on the biology and floral morphology of this species are important for its improvement; however, they are scarce. We investigated the reproductive biology and floral morphology of gingers grown in a germplasm bank. Floral development was monitored during the pre-anthesis and anthesis periods. Floral morphometry, pollen viability, stigmatic receptivity, volume and concentration of nectar sugar, and performance of possible pollinators were evaluated. Ginger flowers had a 24-h durability. Ginger torch is an allogamous species that exhibits floral hercogamy like other Zingiberaceae. Ginger flowers had a 12-h anthesis. During anthesis, floral structures related to reproduction such as the style, stigma, and anther crest continued to develop, increasing floral herkogamy. Pollen viability was above 70% and the stigma remained receptive throughout the anthesis period. Hummingbirds were the only pollinators recorded in the study area that were able to move the anther crest. Fruiting was determined in a natural pollination system. The occurrence of nocturnal anthesis characterized by an increase in the development of reproductive structures and nectar production suggests that the species is adapted to nocturnal visitors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929199
title: Storage of markies cultivar potatoes for prossessing

description: ABSTRACT The refrigerated induce the sweetening of the potato, which results in the dark color. The objective of this study was to determine the temperature and shelf life of Markies potato tubers under refrigerated storage for the processing of French fries. The levels of total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugars (RS), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity, color after frying and start of sprout were determined. The accumulation of TSS started at 30 days in the tubers at 4 and 5 °C and in the tubers at 6 and 8 °C, at 150 days. The activity of POD and PPO were not influenced by temperature or storage time. Tubers at 4 e 5 °C showed higher TSS and RS contents and darker color after frying than tubers stored at 6 and 8 °C which had their color maintained within the industry-acceptable standard up to 240 days of storage. Temperatures of 4 and 5 °C delayed the onset of sprouting, starting at 150 days, and at temperatures of 6 and 8 °C, the onset of sprouting occurred from 90 and 60 days of storage, respectively. It is concluded that the cultivar Markies should be stored at 6 °C for 240 days.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929199.v1
title: Storage of markies cultivar potatoes for prossessing

description: ABSTRACT The refrigerated induce the sweetening of the potato, which results in the dark color. The objective of this study was to determine the temperature and shelf life of Markies potato tubers under refrigerated storage for the processing of French fries. The levels of total soluble sugar (TSS), reducing sugars (RS), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity, color after frying and start of sprout were determined. The accumulation of TSS started at 30 days in the tubers at 4 and 5 °C and in the tubers at 6 and 8 °C, at 150 days. The activity of POD and PPO were not influenced by temperature or storage time. Tubers at 4 e 5 °C showed higher TSS and RS contents and darker color after frying than tubers stored at 6 and 8 °C which had their color maintained within the industry-acceptable standard up to 240 days of storage. Temperatures of 4 and 5 °C delayed the onset of sprouting, starting at 150 days, and at temperatures of 6 and 8 °C, the onset of sprouting occurred from 90 and 60 days of storage, respectively. It is concluded that the cultivar Markies should be stored at 6 °C for 240 days.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929202
title: Diversity of virulence of Pyricularia oryzae isolates obtained from a single lesion of wheat

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the virulence of Pyricularia oryzae isolates obtained from a single leaf blast lesion on wheat. The wheat cultivars (BRS Louro, BR 18, BRS Tarumã, BRS Parrudo, BRS 208) at the four-leaf stage were inoculated with a suspension of 100.000 conidia/mL. A significant difference was observed in the severity in the cultivars. Among the evaluated isolates, it was possible to observe differences in the susceptibility of the cultivars. Severity data ranged from 3.3 to 99.54% among treatments. Isolates 1 and 2 were the most aggressive for all cultivars tested. The greatest disease severity occurred in the interactions BRS 208 x isolate 1 (99.54%), BRS Louro x isolate 2 (99.34%), and BRS 208 x isolate 2 (99.09%).The lowest disease severity was observed in BRS Tarumã (68%) and BR 18 (75%) cultivars for the isolates 1 and 2, respectively. Isolate 3 presented medium aggressiveness in which the cultivars presented between 44 to 58% of wheat blast severity. The isolate 4 was the least aggressive for all cultivars with severity indexes ranging from 3 to 12%. These data indicate the existence of virulence diversity in P. oryzae isolates obtained from a single lesion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929202.v1
title: Diversity of virulence of Pyricularia oryzae isolates obtained from a single lesion of wheat

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the virulence of Pyricularia oryzae isolates obtained from a single leaf blast lesion on wheat. The wheat cultivars (BRS Louro, BR 18, BRS Tarumã, BRS Parrudo, BRS 208) at the four-leaf stage were inoculated with a suspension of 100.000 conidia/mL. A significant difference was observed in the severity in the cultivars. Among the evaluated isolates, it was possible to observe differences in the susceptibility of the cultivars. Severity data ranged from 3.3 to 99.54% among treatments. Isolates 1 and 2 were the most aggressive for all cultivars tested. The greatest disease severity occurred in the interactions BRS 208 x isolate 1 (99.54%), BRS Louro x isolate 2 (99.34%), and BRS 208 x isolate 2 (99.09%).The lowest disease severity was observed in BRS Tarumã (68%) and BR 18 (75%) cultivars for the isolates 1 and 2, respectively. Isolate 3 presented medium aggressiveness in which the cultivars presented between 44 to 58% of wheat blast severity. The isolate 4 was the least aggressive for all cultivars with severity indexes ranging from 3 to 12%. These data indicate the existence of virulence diversity in P. oryzae isolates obtained from a single lesion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929205
title: Nematological survey in coffee nursery in Espirito Santo state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Despite the important role of coffee production in the economy of Espirito Santo, the second largest coffee producing state in Brazil, productivity is still below the Brazilian average. One of the factors that explain this low productivity is the presence of nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. Contaminated seedlings are an important and efficient agent for disseminating nematodes. According to normative instruction no. 35 (IN 35), of 11/29/2012 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA), the presence of Meloidogyne spp. in a single plant among a field-lot of seedlings condemns it, and the plants that compose that lot should be destroyed. In Espirito Santo, no evaluation has been carried out in nurseries covering the entire State for phytonematode detection. Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out a nematological survey in nurseries to guide the nurserymen in relation to fulfilling IN 35 of MAPA, in addition to guiding them regarding the phytosanitary care during the production of their seedlings. The nurseries were evaluated in 19 municipalities located in both the north and the south of Espírito Santo. There were Meloidogyne spp. in evaluated samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929205.v1
title: Nematological survey in coffee nursery in Espirito Santo state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Despite the important role of coffee production in the economy of Espirito Santo, the second largest coffee producing state in Brazil, productivity is still below the Brazilian average. One of the factors that explain this low productivity is the presence of nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. Contaminated seedlings are an important and efficient agent for disseminating nematodes. According to normative instruction no. 35 (IN 35), of 11/29/2012 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA), the presence of Meloidogyne spp. in a single plant among a field-lot of seedlings condemns it, and the plants that compose that lot should be destroyed. In Espirito Santo, no evaluation has been carried out in nurseries covering the entire State for phytonematode detection. Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out a nematological survey in nurseries to guide the nurserymen in relation to fulfilling IN 35 of MAPA, in addition to guiding them regarding the phytosanitary care during the production of their seedlings. The nurseries were evaluated in 19 municipalities located in both the north and the south of Espírito Santo. There were Meloidogyne spp. in evaluated samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929206.v1
title: Hymenaea parvifolia Huber: dormancy breaking, morphology of fruit, seed and seedling

description: ABSTRACT The successful use of native species in conservation actions depends on basic knowledge of their biology, beginning with the identification of regenerating individuals in the field, up to the behavior and development of the species from the early stages of germination. Moreover, seed propagation and germination may be limited by the occurrence of dormancy. The objective of this work was to identify the best method to overcome seed dormancy of Hymenaea parvifolia Huber, besides characterizing the fruits, seeds, post-seminal development and seedlings of naturally occurring specimens in Amazonia. For this, (i) tests for the breakdown of dormancy were performed through thermal, chemical and mechanical treatments; (ii) analyses of their effects on seed germination were made; and (iii) morphology of germinative development of Hymenaea parvifolia was described. The treatments based on sulfuric acid for 15, 25 and 35 minutes were the most efficient in overcoming the integumentary dormancy. However, scarification by grinding is recommended because it had been less impact on the environment. External characteristics and shape of the fruit, seed and epicotyl can aid taxonomy of the genus and identification of its species in the field. In addition, morphological characters of the fruit, seed, germination and seedling were illustrated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929206
title: Hymenaea parvifolia Huber: dormancy breaking, morphology of fruit, seed and seedling

description: ABSTRACT The successful use of native species in conservation actions depends on basic knowledge of their biology, beginning with the identification of regenerating individuals in the field, up to the behavior and development of the species from the early stages of germination. Moreover, seed propagation and germination may be limited by the occurrence of dormancy. The objective of this work was to identify the best method to overcome seed dormancy of Hymenaea parvifolia Huber, besides characterizing the fruits, seeds, post-seminal development and seedlings of naturally occurring specimens in Amazonia. For this, (i) tests for the breakdown of dormancy were performed through thermal, chemical and mechanical treatments; (ii) analyses of their effects on seed germination were made; and (iii) morphology of germinative development of Hymenaea parvifolia was described. The treatments based on sulfuric acid for 15, 25 and 35 minutes were the most efficient in overcoming the integumentary dormancy. However, scarification by grinding is recommended because it had been less impact on the environment. External characteristics and shape of the fruit, seed and epicotyl can aid taxonomy of the genus and identification of its species in the field. In addition, morphological characters of the fruit, seed, germination and seedling were illustrated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929208
title: Determination of the optimum plot size for tomato seedlings

description: ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to determine the optimum plot size for tomato seedlings by Hatheway’s method, using the Mestiço and Ozone cultivars, and verify the possibility to obtain the optimum plot size only by non-destructive characteristics. Non-destructives (aerial part height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area) and destructives (aerial part dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter and Dickson quality index) characteristics were evaluated. For each characteristic evaluated, experimental plans were simulated in a randomized block design with the combination of I treatments (I = 3, 4, 5, ..., 10, 15, 20 and 25) and R repetitions (R= 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). The optimum plot size ranged according to the characteristic evaluated. Considering the number of treatments, repetitions and the same experimental accuracy, the stem diameter showed the highest size plot. Thus, the stem diameter can be used as a basis characteristic for the non-destructives characteristics, without the need to destroy the seedling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19929208.v1
title: Determination of the optimum plot size for tomato seedlings

description: ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to determine the optimum plot size for tomato seedlings by Hatheway’s method, using the Mestiço and Ozone cultivars, and verify the possibility to obtain the optimum plot size only by non-destructive characteristics. Non-destructives (aerial part height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area) and destructives (aerial part dry matter, root dry matter, total dry matter and Dickson quality index) characteristics were evaluated. For each characteristic evaluated, experimental plans were simulated in a randomized block design with the combination of I treatments (I = 3, 4, 5, ..., 10, 15, 20 and 25) and R repetitions (R= 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7). The optimum plot size ranged according to the characteristic evaluated. Considering the number of treatments, repetitions and the same experimental accuracy, the stem diameter showed the highest size plot. Thus, the stem diameter can be used as a basis characteristic for the non-destructives characteristics, without the need to destroy the seedling.