cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519520
title: Estimate of annual daily maximum rainfall and intense rain equation for the Formiga municipality, MG, Brazil

description: Knowledge of the probabilistic behavior of rainfall is extremely important to the design of drainage systems, dam spillways, and other hydraulic projects. This study therefore examined statistical models to predict annual daily maximum rainfall as well as models of heavy rain for the city of Formiga - MG. To do this, annual maximum daily rainfall data were ranked in decreasing order that best describes the statistical distribution by exceedance probability. Daily rainfall disaggregation methodology was used for the intense rain model studies and adjusted with Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) and Exponential models. The study found that the Gumbel model better adhered to the data regarding observed frequency as indicated by the Chi-squared test, and that the exponential model best conforms to the observed data to predict intense rains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519520.v1
title: Estimate of annual daily maximum rainfall and intense rain equation for the Formiga municipality, MG, Brazil

description: Knowledge of the probabilistic behavior of rainfall is extremely important to the design of drainage systems, dam spillways, and other hydraulic projects. This study therefore examined statistical models to predict annual daily maximum rainfall as well as models of heavy rain for the city of Formiga - MG. To do this, annual maximum daily rainfall data were ranked in decreasing order that best describes the statistical distribution by exceedance probability. Daily rainfall disaggregation methodology was used for the intense rain model studies and adjusted with Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) and Exponential models. The study found that the Gumbel model better adhered to the data regarding observed frequency as indicated by the Chi-squared test, and that the exponential model best conforms to the observed data to predict intense rains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290432
title: Atrazine removal in aqueous solutions using activated carbon from peach stone

description: Abstract Activated carbon is commonly used as a material for contaminant-adsorption processes in aqueous systems. However, its use is more restricted to charcoal than to coal, for the most part, in view of the fact of the higher cost (~ 40%) if the mineral is a fossil fuel which needs to be extracted from the earth by mining. For this reason, the peach stone that comes from alimentary industrial tailings can be a good choice for the separation of pollutants from aqueous suspensions and other soluble substances. The purpose of this research was the development of a low-cost filter, using stones to remove atrazine from water. Appraisal and characterization studies were performed along with batch experiments to investigate dosing effects of the activated carbon, atrazine concentration, contact time, and adsorption pH on removal procedures. From the results of the experiment, an excellent removal of the analyte in question was observed under conditions that can be considered as close as possible to the environment, such as pH = 6.5, room temperature and 10 minutes of agitation time, always choosing the best alternative with the lowest cost of energy and time. Batch system application has been recommended as versatile for utilization in seasonal problems such as pesticide contamination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290432.v1
title: Atrazine removal in aqueous solutions using activated carbon from peach stone

description: Abstract Activated carbon is commonly used as a material for contaminant-adsorption processes in aqueous systems. However, its use is more restricted to charcoal than to coal, for the most part, in view of the fact of the higher cost (~ 40%) if the mineral is a fossil fuel which needs to be extracted from the earth by mining. For this reason, the peach stone that comes from alimentary industrial tailings can be a good choice for the separation of pollutants from aqueous suspensions and other soluble substances. The purpose of this research was the development of a low-cost filter, using stones to remove atrazine from water. Appraisal and characterization studies were performed along with batch experiments to investigate dosing effects of the activated carbon, atrazine concentration, contact time, and adsorption pH on removal procedures. From the results of the experiment, an excellent removal of the analyte in question was observed under conditions that can be considered as close as possible to the environment, such as pH = 6.5, room temperature and 10 minutes of agitation time, always choosing the best alternative with the lowest cost of energy and time. Batch system application has been recommended as versatile for utilization in seasonal problems such as pesticide contamination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290440
title: Toxicity of pesticides with fungicide and fungicide + insecticide effects to Eisenia andrei

description: Abstract Pesticides are widely used in the agricultural sector to control and prevent pests and diseases. The use of these products can adversely affect non-target organisms that have a significant role in the soil, such as earthworms. This study evaluated the toxicity of the commercial formulation of the fungicide Comet® (active ingredient - a.i. pyraclostrobin) at concentrations of 0.08, 0.17, 0.35, 0.70, 1.40 and 2.80 mg of the commercial formulation kg-1 soil and the fungicide + insecticide Standak®Top (a.i. pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil) at concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.60, 1.20 and 2.40 mg of the commercial formulation kg-1 soil, plus the control treatment, to Eisenia andrei in Tropical Artificial Soil (TAS) by means of standardized tests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290436
title: When loving in Africa costs you your life

description: Abstract The true case of Marianna, a lesbian from Senegal requesting asylum in Brussels, Belgium, is the key of this article that revolves around styles of persecution specifically of homosexual women and the reasons for their invisibility. The study deals specifically with female genital mutilation inflicted in aggravation of lesbo-phobia and in the analysis of the patriarchal symbolism that this practice entails and which leads to its perpetuation even today. An exploration is also done of the data about lack of systemization in reporting this practice as a means of control of lesbianism and the consequences this impunity has on women who must flee from their countries of origin seeking refuge. The investigation is part of the project of Community Art titled When loving in Africa costs you your life (2011) created by Toxic Lesbian.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290436.v1
title: When loving in Africa costs you your life

description: Abstract The true case of Marianna, a lesbian from Senegal requesting asylum in Brussels, Belgium, is the key of this article that revolves around styles of persecution specifically of homosexual women and the reasons for their invisibility. The study deals specifically with female genital mutilation inflicted in aggravation of lesbo-phobia and in the analysis of the patriarchal symbolism that this practice entails and which leads to its perpetuation even today. An exploration is also done of the data about lack of systemization in reporting this practice as a means of control of lesbianism and the consequences this impunity has on women who must flee from their countries of origin seeking refuge. The investigation is part of the project of Community Art titled When loving in Africa costs you your life (2011) created by Toxic Lesbian.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290441
title: Drinking water quality in Brazilian urban slums

description: Abstract The study analyzed the quality of drinking water used in Brazilian urban slum residences according to the standards established in Brazilian regulations. Bacteriological (n=231) and physicochemical parameters (n=134) were analyzed, as the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater establishes. The results revealed that contaminants in the water consumed, for the most part, exceed the limits of drinking water quality standards, putting the population's health at risk and reinforcing the urgency of the need for public policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290441.v1
title: Drinking water quality in Brazilian urban slums

description: Abstract The study analyzed the quality of drinking water used in Brazilian urban slum residences according to the standards established in Brazilian regulations. Bacteriological (n=231) and physicochemical parameters (n=134) were analyzed, as the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater establishes. The results revealed that contaminants in the water consumed, for the most part, exceed the limits of drinking water quality standards, putting the population's health at risk and reinforcing the urgency of the need for public policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290444
title: Effects of rainwater intrusion on an activated sludge sewer treatment system

description: Abstract Effluent collection and stormwater management make use of different drainage systems, which should remain unconnected with one another. If stormwater drains into sewage collection systems, it often causes changes in effluent quality indicators at sewage treatment plants. This study sought to quantify the changes caused by rain in a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located in Paulista, PE, which uses the activated sludge system. Accordingly, changes in pH, temperature, BOD, and treatment efficiency at the inlet and outlet, as well as inlet flow were analyzed on dry and rainy days at the plant, which has a sewage capacity of 400 L s-1. The input volume was found to be greater than the design flow of the station, about 25%. With this, some relevant operational controls were identified, such as temporarily shutting down sewage pumping stations in order to maintain full operation of the system and avoid overload. The pH increases slightly in alkalinity, about 0.3, but this does not interfere with the treatment process. The temperature of the influent on rainy days is about 3 to 5 degrees cooler, depending on the intensity of the event. Using the T and Z tests, it was possible to identify that BOD concentrations in the influent and the effluent were not significantly different (uneq. var. t: 1.18 &gt; 0.26 and uneq var. z: 0.71 &gt; 0.48, respectively), and the organic load removal efficiency was maintained, contrary to what is expected with other, more simple types of treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290445
title: Effect of land-use pattern on the physicochemical and genotoxic properties of water in a low-order stream in Central Brazil

description: Abstract Low-order streams located near urban areas usually receive domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters that negatively affect river water quality. Additionally, water pollution is associated with land-use variations around the river, which is characterized by unplanned urbanization, intense agricultural activities, and deforestation. This work correlated land-use patterns with physicochemical quality and genotoxic potential of water at four points (P1 to P4) along the Extrema River, located in an industrial and agricultural area of Central Brazil. Physicochemical analyses indicated that the water collected from the Extrema River is inappropriate for human consumption. Using the Allium cepa model, no evidence of cytotoxicity was observed at any point; in contrast, the genotoxic potential of these water samples was observed. The correlation of these results with land use showed that the water collected at P3 was the most contaminated; this is probably due to the inflow of wastewater from municipal, industrial, and agriculture activities. Different results were observed for P2 and P4, where land-use analysis attributed the water quality to forest burns. We concluded that differential use of the land changed the characteristics of the associated river water, and A. cepa parameters were more related to land-use characteristics than to physicochemical parameters. This study highlighted the importance of associating land use with the cyto genotoxic potential of water.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290445.v1
title: Effect of land-use pattern on the physicochemical and genotoxic properties of water in a low-order stream in Central Brazil

description: Abstract Low-order streams located near urban areas usually receive domestic, industrial, and agricultural wastewaters that negatively affect river water quality. Additionally, water pollution is associated with land-use variations around the river, which is characterized by unplanned urbanization, intense agricultural activities, and deforestation. This work correlated land-use patterns with physicochemical quality and genotoxic potential of water at four points (P1 to P4) along the Extrema River, located in an industrial and agricultural area of Central Brazil. Physicochemical analyses indicated that the water collected from the Extrema River is inappropriate for human consumption. Using the Allium cepa model, no evidence of cytotoxicity was observed at any point; in contrast, the genotoxic potential of these water samples was observed. The correlation of these results with land use showed that the water collected at P3 was the most contaminated; this is probably due to the inflow of wastewater from municipal, industrial, and agriculture activities. Different results were observed for P2 and P4, where land-use analysis attributed the water quality to forest burns. We concluded that differential use of the land changed the characteristics of the associated river water, and A. cepa parameters were more related to land-use characteristics than to physicochemical parameters. This study highlighted the importance of associating land use with the cyto genotoxic potential of water.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290440.v1
title: Toxicity of pesticides with fungicide and fungicide + insecticide effects to Eisenia andrei

description: Abstract Pesticides are widely used in the agricultural sector to control and prevent pests and diseases. The use of these products can adversely affect non-target organisms that have a significant role in the soil, such as earthworms. This study evaluated the toxicity of the commercial formulation of the fungicide Comet® (active ingredient - a.i. pyraclostrobin) at concentrations of 0.08, 0.17, 0.35, 0.70, 1.40 and 2.80 mg of the commercial formulation kg-1 soil and the fungicide + insecticide Standak®Top (a.i. pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil) at concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.60, 1.20 and 2.40 mg of the commercial formulation kg-1 soil, plus the control treatment, to Eisenia andrei in Tropical Artificial Soil (TAS) by means of standardized tests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290446
title: Estimation of tropical soils’ hydraulic properties with inverse method and tension infiltrometer field data

description: Abstract In the last few years, many studies have been published by authors from several countries offering approximations and use of the inverse method. However, the unique environmental conditions and distinct properties of the tropical soils in Brazil require extra considerations and the need to adjust these methods to tropical soil conditions. Considering the above, this determined the parameters of the van Genuchten (1980) model (θs, θr, α, n) of the water retention curve in the soils. It also determined the parameter (Ks) of the soil’s hydraulic conductivity curve by solving an inverse problem using the HYDRUS-2D model, considering cumulative infiltration data collected in the field by means of an infiltration test using the tension infiltrometer. It then compared the hydraulic properties determined by these methods in relation to the standard laboratory method. The inverse method was able to efficiently determine the water retention curves in the soils here studied; however, it was not possible to reliably determine the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curve.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290446.v1
title: Estimation of tropical soils’ hydraulic properties with inverse method and tension infiltrometer field data

description: Abstract In the last few years, many studies have been published by authors from several countries offering approximations and use of the inverse method. However, the unique environmental conditions and distinct properties of the tropical soils in Brazil require extra considerations and the need to adjust these methods to tropical soil conditions. Considering the above, this determined the parameters of the van Genuchten (1980) model (θs, θr, α, n) of the water retention curve in the soils. It also determined the parameter (Ks) of the soil’s hydraulic conductivity curve by solving an inverse problem using the HYDRUS-2D model, considering cumulative infiltration data collected in the field by means of an infiltration test using the tension infiltrometer. It then compared the hydraulic properties determined by these methods in relation to the standard laboratory method. The inverse method was able to efficiently determine the water retention curves in the soils here studied; however, it was not possible to reliably determine the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity curve.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290447
title: Influence of sand addition in the early stage retention of fine sludge dewatering by geotextile

description: Abstract The need to investigate viable methods to facilitate correct disposal of high-water content waste is immediate in the scenario of water source degradation. In this context, Closed Geotextile Systems (CGS) have shown promise for dewatering a variety of high water-content sediments, aiming to reduce the waste final volume, encapsulating particles, and at the same time allowing fluid drainage. Especially in Water Treatment Plants, the geotextiles generally employed in these systems have good tensile strength and rigidity to support mechanical solicitations and hydraulic properties that warrant good drainage conditions. In these applications, the geotextile element should assure the waste confinement and retention of some particles that will form a filter cake which will control internal flow conditions. The present work investigated how small portions of sand influence fine-particle retention. The sludge used consisted of a mixture of filtered water with two well-defined fractions of ground quartz: FG, a silt and CG, a fine sand. The results show that small amounts of sand are capable of leading to the formation of a pre-filter, even if the maximum diameter of the fine particles is much less than the geotextile filtration opening size. The test results indicate that the retention efficiency gradually increases as CG increases in the solution, up to a fraction of CG close to 14%, which represents only 0.7% of the total solution mass. The increase in particle retention was directly proportional to the increase in the GC fraction until reaching the filtration efficiency of approximately 72% where it stabilizes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290447.v1
title: Influence of sand addition in the early stage retention of fine sludge dewatering by geotextile

description: Abstract The need to investigate viable methods to facilitate correct disposal of high-water content waste is immediate in the scenario of water source degradation. In this context, Closed Geotextile Systems (CGS) have shown promise for dewatering a variety of high water-content sediments, aiming to reduce the waste final volume, encapsulating particles, and at the same time allowing fluid drainage. Especially in Water Treatment Plants, the geotextiles generally employed in these systems have good tensile strength and rigidity to support mechanical solicitations and hydraulic properties that warrant good drainage conditions. In these applications, the geotextile element should assure the waste confinement and retention of some particles that will form a filter cake which will control internal flow conditions. The present work investigated how small portions of sand influence fine-particle retention. The sludge used consisted of a mixture of filtered water with two well-defined fractions of ground quartz: FG, a silt and CG, a fine sand. The results show that small amounts of sand are capable of leading to the formation of a pre-filter, even if the maximum diameter of the fine particles is much less than the geotextile filtration opening size. The test results indicate that the retention efficiency gradually increases as CG increases in the solution, up to a fraction of CG close to 14%, which represents only 0.7% of the total solution mass. The increase in particle retention was directly proportional to the increase in the GC fraction until reaching the filtration efficiency of approximately 72% where it stabilizes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290450
title: Nanosatellites applied to optical Earth observation: a review

description: Abstract Nanosatellites and CubeSats were first developed for educational purposes. However, their low cost and short development cycle made nanosatellite constellations an affordable option for observing the Earth by remote sensing, increasing the frequency of high-resolution imagery, which is fundamental for studying and monitoring dynamic processes. In this sense, although still incipient, nanosatellite applications and proposed Earth observation missions are steadily growing in number and scientific fields. There are several initiatives from universities, space agencies and private companies to launch new nanosatellite missions. These initiatives are actively investigating new technologies to improve image quality and studying ways to increase acquisition frequency through the launch of larger constellations. So far, the private sector is leading the development of new missions, with proposals ranging from 12 to more than one thousand nanosatellite constellations. Furthermore, new nanosatellite missions have been proposed to tackle specific applications, such as natural disasters, or to test improvements on nanosatellite spatial, temporal and radiometric resolution. The unprecedented combination of high spatial and temporal resolution from nanosatellite constellations associated with improvement efforts in sensor quality is promising and may represent a trend to replace the era of large satellites for smaller and cheaper nanosatellites. This article first reports on the development and new nanosatellite missions of space agencies, universities and private companies. Then a systematic review of published articles using the most successful private constellation (PlanetScope and Doves) is presented and the principal papers are discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290451
title: Lactase production by Saccharomyces fragilis IZ 275 using different carbon sources

description: Abstract This study sought to create a better fermentation medium to maximize lactase production by Saccharomyces fragilis IZ 275 using different carbon sources, including reconstituted powdered cheese whey. A factorial design 24 was applied to evaluate the significant effects of variables which compose the fermentation medium. Then, a steepest descent-ascent design was applied to obtain the maximum activity. A Rotational Central Composite Design (RCCD) 24 was made to optimize the fermentation medium. We verified that the cheese whey, a by-product of the dairy industry, can be employed as an excellent fermentation medium by yeast, within the bioeconomy concept and used by the dairy industry as product with additional value. The employed methodology is an efficient tool in the optimization process for β-galactosidase production. In the optimized fermentation medium, the maximum production of β-galactosidase (54.68 U/mL) by S. fragilis IZ 275 is obtained with 14 g/L sucrose, 17.7 g/L reconstituted powdered cheese whey, 5.14 g/L yeast extract and 8.85 g/L peptone.