DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7h44j105q
title: Data from: Adaptive immunity modulation linked to migratory behaviour in two partially migratory hoopoe populations (Upupa epops)

description: Ecophysiology has enhanced our understanding of avian migration, yet many
 aspects of how these processes interrelate are still unclear. Partially
 migratory populations provide an ideal framework for its study in the
 wild, since resident and migratory individuals coexist temporarily in the
 same area, and face similar selection pressures. We focused on two Iberian
 populations of Eurasian hoopoe (Upupa epops), a trans-Saharan
 long-distance migrant, to explore the links between the immune system and
 migratory behaviour. We determined the migratory status of individual
 hoopoes using stable isotope analysis of deuterium (2H) and measured a
 number of immunological parameters, including estimates of innate and
 adaptive immunity, as well as body condition, and muscle and fat stores.
 Our results indicate that resident hoopoes had higher IgY levels and
 higher muscle and fat stores compared to migrants during the breeding
 season. Moreover, we found seasonal variation in leukocyte profiles of
 resident birds, with higher H/L ratios in winter than during the breeding
 season. We observed significantly higher H/L ratios and complement
 activity in resident males than in resident females, but not within
 migratory birds. Overall, we show differences in immune response linked to
 migratory behaviour in partial migratory populations. This study
 contributes to unraveling the associations between physiological status
 and migratory behaviour and ultimately helps to understand how different
 migratory strategies are maintained in partially migratory populations.
description: # Adaptive immunity modulation linked to migratory behaviour in two
 partially migratory hoopoe populations (*Upupa epops*)
 &lt;10.1111/jav.03383&gt; ## Description of the data and file structure
 Data were collected by the authors during 2022-2024 in two localities in
 the Iberian Peninsula. Birds were captured and sampled under the
 corresponding permissions. Physiological variables were obtained through
 laboratory assays from plasma samples. ### File name
 data_immune_hoopoe.csv ### Variables description | Variable | | |
 :------------ |
 :--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | fieldnum | sample identification number | | ring | individual metal ring number | | season | season of bird capture (breeding/winter) | | date | julian day (1 = January 1, 2023) | | year | natural year of capture (2022/2023/2024) | | cycle | cycle of capture: cycle 1 = from dec 2022 to jan 2023; cycle 2 = from march 2023 to feb 2024. This variable is included in the analysis as "*year".* | | locality | locality of capture (guadix/plasencia) | | behaviour | migratory behaviour: migrant (mg), resident (rs), unknown (un) | | age | age class: subadult (1), adult (2), unknown (0) | | sex | sex: female (F), male (M), unknown (U) | | mass | body mass measured with pesola (gr.) | | tar | tarsus lentgh measured with calliper (mm) | | fat | fat accumulation score (from 0 to 3) | | muscle | muscle score (from 0.5 to 3) | | cond | body condition calculated from the mass/tarsus regression (residuals) | | h\_l | Heterophils/Lymphocites ratio | | agglutination | agglutination score: last dilution showing agglutination (i.e. concentration of natural antibodies) | | lysis | lysis score: last dilution showing lysis (i.e. complement activity) | | elisa\_abs1 | absorbance value from ELISA assay | | elisa\_abs2 | replicate absorbance value from ELISA assay | | hapto\_raw1 | absorbance value from haptoglobin concentration assay | | hapto\_raw2 | replicate absorbance value from haptoglobin concentration assay | | hapto\_log | log-transformed concentration of haptoglobin protein (mg/ml) | | batch\_hahl | number of batch in hemolysis-hemagglutination assay | | plate\_hahl | number of plate in hemolysis-hemagglutination assay | | plate\_hp | number of plate in haptoglobin concentration assay | | plate\_igy | number of plate in ELISA assay | Missing data: blank squares ## Code/Software All analyses were conducted using R (v 4.2.2). Script code is available at GitHub public repository [https://github.com/MercePalacios/hoopoe_code](https://github.com/MercePalacios/hoopoe_code)