cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hn1rh
title: Data from: Case-oriented selection of investigation methods in direct access: A comparison between physiotherapy trainees at professional colleges and in bachelor's study courses

description: Objective: Direct access to physiotherapy services is currently discussed
 in Germany. Its introduction would mean that initial diagnoses must be
 made in physiotherapy practices as well. However, it was not yet
 investigated whether the current training in physiotherapy is sufficient
 for this, and whether there are differences between the training systems.
 This study aims to answer the question of whether trainees at the end of
 Bachelor’s studies (BS) are more reliably able to assess the case-related
 suitability of examination methods than professional college students
 (FS). Methodology: Questionnaires were developed to assess the suitability
 of examination methods for diagnostic inquiries. All professional colleges
 and bachelor’s study courses listed with the German Physiotherapy
 Association were asked to present the questionnaires to their final
 classes. Results: In 216 addressed professional colleges and 24 bachelor’s
 study courses, the return rate was 9.26% for professional colleges and
 33.33% for study courses. One hundred thirty-eight questionnaires from
 students in 8 study courses and 368 questionnaires from students at 20
 professional colleges were evaluated. The mean of correct decisions in
 total (of max. 54) was 19.01 (BS) or 15.73 (FS); in structure-related and
 function-related examination methods (of max. 42), it was 17.22 (BS) and
 14.8 (FS); in activity-related methods (of max. 12), it was 1.97 (BS) and
 0.89 (FS). Out of a max. of 49 examination methods, 23.45 (BS) and 26.72
 (FS) were stated as unknown. Conclusion: The university students made
 correct decisions on the suitability of examination methods significantly
 more frequently than the professional college students. However, the
 determined group difference is low. Overall, the results do not appear
 sufficient for direct access. Training would have to be adapted for this
 purpose.
description: Results Questionnaire
 "Selection of examination techniques"Results of a
 questionnaire in which the suitability of diagnostic methods for
 diagnostic tasks should be assessed. The achievements of graduates from
 vocational schools and bachelor's degree courses were
 recorded.Rohdaten.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qj120
title: Data from: Dietary patterns and household food insecurity in rural populations of Kilosa District, Tanzania

description: Introduction: Few studies have investigated the relationship between
 dietary pattern and household food insecurity. The objective of the
 present analysis was to describe the food consumption patterns and to
 relate these with the prevalence of food insecurity in the context of a
 rural community. Methodology: Three hundred and seven (307) randomly
 selected households in Kilosa district participated in the study. Data
 were collected during the rainy season (February–May) and post harvest
 season (September–October) in the year 2011. Food consumption pattern was
 determined using a 24-h dietary recall method. Food insecurity data were
 based on the 30 day recall experience to food insecurity in the household.
 Factor analysis method using Principal Components extraction function was
 used to derive the dietary patterns and correlation analysis was used to
 establish the existing relationship between household food insecurity and
 dietary patterns factor score. Results: (I) Meat and milk; (II) Pulses,
 legumes, nuts and cooking oils; (III) fish (and other sea foods), roots
 and tubers; (IV) Cereals, vegetables and fruits consumption patterns were
 identified during harvest season. Dietary patterns identified during the
 rainy season were as follows: (I) Fruits, cooking oils, fats, roots and
 tubers (II) Eggs, meat, milk and milk products (III) Fish, other sea
 foods, vegetables, roots and tubers and (IV) Pulses, legumes, nuts,
 cereals and vegetables. Household food insecurity was 80% and 69% during
 rainy and harvest–seasons, respectively (P=0.01). Household food
 insecurity access scale score was negatively correlated with the factor
 scores on household dietary diversity. Conclusion: Food consumption
 patterns and food insecurity varied by seasons with worst scenarios most
 prevalent during the rainy season. The risk for inadequate dietary
 diversity was higher among food insecure households compared to food
 secure households. Effort geared at alleviating household food insecurity
 could contribute to consumption of a wide range of food items at the
 household level.
description: Dietary Patterns and
 Household Food Insecurity in Rural Populations of Kilosa District,
 TanzaniaData on food consumption
 and household food insecurity is contained in this file for the Rural
 Populations of Kilosa District, Tanzania. Repeated measurements were
 performed whereby same households were followed up in two rounds of the
 surveys across agricultural seasons. The first survey was conducted during
 the long rainy season (February–March) and a second survey post-harvest
 (September–October) in 2011.Dietray pattern and food
 insecurity_Kilosa_J.E_Ntwenya.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.50m10
title: Data from: Naive juveniles are more likely to become breeders after witnessing predator mobbing

description: Responding appropriately during the first predatory attack in life is
 often critical for survival. In many social species, naive juveniles
 acquire this skill from conspecifics, but its fitness consequences remain
 virtually unknown. Here we experimentally demonstrate how naive juvenile
 Siberian jays (Perisoreus infaustus) derive a long-term fitness benefit
 from witnessing knowledgeable adults mobbing their principal predator, the
 goshawk (Accipiter gentilis). Siberian jays live in family groups of two
 to six individuals that also can include unrelated nonbreeders. Field
 observations showed that Siberian jays encounter predators only rarely,
 and, indeed, naive juveniles do not respond to predator models when on
 their own but do when observing other individuals mobbing them. Predator
 exposure experiments demonstrated that naive juveniles had a substantially
 higher first-winter survival after observing knowledgeable group members
 mobbing a goshawk model, increasing their likelihood of acquiring a
 breeding position later in life. Previous research showed that naive
 individuals may learn from others how to respond to predators, care for
 offspring, or choose mates, generally assuming that social learning has
 long-term fitness consequences without empirical evidence. Our results
 demonstrate a long-term fitness benefit of vertical social learning for
 naive individuals in the wild, emphasizing its evolutionary importance in
 animals, including humans.
description: final data
 setData used in analyses of
 paper. Descriptors are in the file on a separate sheet.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mp238
title: Data from: Elevational differences in developmental plasticity determine phenological responses of grasshoppers to recent climate warming

description: Annual species may increase reproduction by increasing adult body size
 through extended development, but risk being unable to complete
 development in seasonally limited environments. Synthetic reviews indicate
 that most, but not all, species have responded to recent climate warming
 by advancing the seasonal timing of adult emergence or reproduction. Here,
 we show that 50 years of climate change have delayed development in
 high-elevation, season-limited grasshopper populations, but advanced
 development in populations at lower elevations. Developmental delays are
 most pronounced for early-season species, which might benefit most from
 delaying development when released from seasonal time constraints. Rearing
 experiments confirm that population, elevation and temperature interact to
 determine development time. Population differences in developmental
 plasticity may account for variability in phenological shifts among
 adults. An integrated consideration of the full life cycle that considers
 local adaptation and plasticity may be essential for understanding and
 predicting responses to climate change.
description: development_indexThis data file describes the developmental stage of grasshoppers collected during field surveys. Columns are as follows: Species: species name; TimePeriod: observation period in years; Elevation_m: site elevation in meters; JulianDate: Julian date of observation; DevelopmentIndex: the average developmental stage of the population with 1 to 5 representing the 1st to 5th instars and 6 respresenting adults; seDevelopmentIndex: the standard error of the development index. Missing data are indicated with NAs.proportional_compositionThis data file describes the species composition of grasshoppers collected during field surveys. Columns are as follows: Species: species name; TimePeriod: observation period in years; Elevation_m: site elevation in meters; JulianDate: Julian date of observation; Proportion_xInstar: proportion of population within instar x.rearing_dataThis data file describes the mass and timing of Melanoplus sanguinipes reared in incubators in the lab at different temperatures. Columns are as follows: Elevation_m: site elevation in meters; Temperature_C: temperature in degrees Celsius; Mass_xInstar_g: average mass in grams at instar x; seMass_xInstar_g: the standard error of the mass in grams; Days_xInstar_g: average days until reaching instar x; seDays_xInstar_g: the standard error of the average days.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bg08n
title: Data from: Experimental evolution with Caenorhabditis nematodes

description: The hermaphroditic nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been one of the
 primary model systems in biology since the 1970s, but only within the last
 two decades has this nematode also become a useful model for experimental
 evolution. Here, we outline the goals and major foci of experimental
 evolution with C. elegans and related species, such as C. briggsae and C.
 remanei, by discussing the principles of experimental design, and
 highlighting the strengths and limitations of Caenorhabditis as model
 systems. We then review three exemplars of Caenorhabditis experimental
 evolution studies, underlining representative evolution experiments that
 have addressed the: (1) maintenance of genetic variation; (2) role of
 natural selection during transitions from outcrossing to selfing, as well
 as the maintenance of mixed breeding modes during evolution; and (3)
 evolution of phenotypic plasticity and its role in adaptation to variable
 environments, including host–pathogen coevolution. We conclude by
 suggesting some future directions for which experimental evolution with
 Caenorhabditis would be particularly informative.
description: R_simulation_codesimulation code for phenotypic experimental evolution and power analysis (written by Thiago Guzella, guzella@biologie.ens.fr)SupFile_simulation_code.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3c435
title: Data from: Lymph node transplantation decreases swelling and restores immune responses in a transgenic model of lymphedema

description: Introduction: Secondary lymphedema is a common complication of cancer
 treatment and recent studies have demonstrated that lymph node
 transplantation (LNT) can decrease swelling, as well as the incidence of
 infections. However, although these results are exciting, the mechanisms
 by which LNT improves these pathologic findings of lymphedema remain
 unknown. Using a transgenic mouse model of lymphedema, this study sought
 to analyze the effect of LNT on lymphatic regeneration and T cell-mediated
 immune responses. Methods: We used a mouse model in which the expression
 of the human diphtheria toxin receptor is driven by the FLT4 promoter to
 enable the local ablation of the lymphatic system through subdermal
 hindlimb diphtheria toxin injections. Popliteal lymph node dissection was
 subsequently performed after a two-week recovery period, followed by
 either orthotopic LNT or sham surgery after an additional two weeks.
 Hindlimb swelling, lymphatic vessel regeneration, immune cell trafficking,
 and T cell-mediated immune responses were analyzed 10 weeks later.
 Results: LNT resulted in a marked decrease in hindlimb swelling,
 fibroadipose tissue deposition, and decreased accumulation of
 perilymphatic inflammatory cells, as compared to controls. In addition,
 LNT induced a marked lymphangiogenic response in both capillary and
 collecting lymphatic vessels. Interestingly, the resultant regenerated
 lymphatics were abnormal in appearance on lymphangiography, but LNT also
 led to a notable increase in dendritic cell trafficking from the periphery
 to the inguinal lymph nodes and improved adaptive immune responses.
 Conclusions: LNT decreases pathological changes of lymphedema and was
 shown to potently induce lymphangiogenesis. Lymphatic vessels induced by
 LNT were abnormal in appearance, but were functional and able to transport
 antigen-presenting cells. Animals treated with LNT have an increased
 ability to mount T cell-mediated immune responses when sensitized to
 antigens in the affected hindlimb.
description: Raw
 Data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pg28510
title: Data from: Competitive asymmetry and local adaptation in Trinidadian guppies

description: 1. The outcome of competition between individuals often depends on
 body-size. These competitive asymmetries can drive variation in
 demographic rates, influencing the ecology and evolution of
 life-histories. The magnitude and direction of such asymmetries differ
 among taxa, yet little is known empirically about how adaptation to
 resource limitation alters competitive asymmetries. 2. Here, we
 investigate the relationship between size-dependent competitive ability
 and adaptation to resource limitation. 3. We examined size-dependent
 competition in two ecotypes of Trinidadian guppy, adapted to high or low
 levels of resource competition. Using aquaria-based competition
 experiments, we describe how the size and ecotype of competitors influence
 somatic growth rate, whilst controlling for the confounding effect of
 niche differentiation. We replicated our study across two independent
 evolutionary origins of the 'competitive' ecotype. 4. The two
 'competitive' ecotypes differed markedly in size-dependent
 asymmetry, indicating that adaptation to resource limitation alone is
 insufficient to explain changes in size-dependent competitive asymmetry.
 For one origin, the ecotype adapted to resource limitation was a superior
 competitor over a wide range of size pairings. 5. The equivalence of
 competitors varied over five-fold, dependent on size and ecotype; in three
 of four populations, larger individuals had a competitive advantage. 6.
 Our results demonstrate that competitive asymmetry has strong effects on
 somatic growth. Because somatic growth contributes to demographic
 parameters, intraspecific trait variation is likely to play a key role in
 regulating demographic rates. Our findings imply that the evolution of
 size-dependent asymmetries under conditions of intense competition is
 likely to be constrained by niche availability, although further research
 is needed to verify this.
description: Potter_et_al_2018_JAEZip file containing all data and R code required to perform the analysis
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14636219
title: Public Opinion on Climate Change (Updated Daily)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0p710k7
title: Data from: Can perfusion CT unmask postictal stroke mimics? A case-control study of 133 patients

description: OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnostic value of volume perfusion CT (VPCT) in
 patients with transient focal neurological deficits following and during
 epileptic seizures, that mimic symptoms of stroke. METHODS: a
 retrospective case-control study was performed on 159 patients that
 presented with a seizure and received an emergency VPCT within the first
 3.5 hours of admission, after being misjudged to have an acute stroke. The
 reference test was a clinical-based, EEG-supported diagnostic algorithm
 for seizure. RESULTS: We included 133 patients: 94 stroke-mimicking cases
 with postictal focal neurological deficits (“Todd’s phenomenon”, n=67) or
 ongoing seizure on hospital admission (“ictal patients”, n=27), and 39
 postictal controls without focal neurological deficits. Patients with
 Todd’s phenomenon showed normal (64%), hypo (21%)- and hyperperfusion
 (14%) on early VPCT. Ictal patients displayed more hyperperfusion compared
 to postictal patients (p=0.015). Test sensitivity of hyperperfusion for
 ictal patients is 38% CI [20.7-57.7], specificity 86% CI [77.3-91.7],
 positive predictive value (ppv) is 42% CI [27.5-58.7], the negative
 predictive value (npv) 83% CI [78.6-86.9]. A cortical distribution was
 seen in all hyperperfusion scans, compared to a cortico-subcortical
 pattern in hypoperfusion (p&lt;0.001). A history of complex focal
 seizure and age were associated with hyperperfusion (p= 0.046 and 0.038,
 respectively). CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class IV
 evidence that VPCT accurately differentiates ictal stroke mimics from
 acute ischemic stroke. CONCLUSION: VPCT can differentiate ictal stroke
 mimics with hyperperfusion from acute ischemic stroke, but not postictal
 patients who display perfusion patterns overlapping with ischemic stroke.
description: Supplement e-1 and e-2 _
 patient characteristics, clinical presentation , antiepileptic drug
 treatment and seizure aetiology.Table e-1: Patient
 characteristics, seizure semiology, symptoms on admission, seizure
 history, antiepileptic drugs (AED) and emergency therapy. Table e-2:
 Aetiology and triggerfactors of epileptic seizure
DOI: 10.15468/res3cx
title: Leicestershire and Rutland Environmental Records Centre records pre 2000

description: This dataset contains all species records held by LRERC recorded before 2000 that we are able to share with the NBN Atlas. It is a collated dataset containing only verified data (Accepted - correct, Accepted - considered correct or Unconfirmed). Records have been collated from many sources including, but not limited to, LRERC's own survey work, County Recorders, members of the public, Ecology Consultants and local recording groups and schemes.
Full record details are available by request directly from LRERC and may be subject to LRERCs standard charging policy.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c0v5r
title: Data from: Escitalopram and NHT normalized stress-induced anhedonia and molecular neuroadaptations in a mouse model of depression

description: Anhedonia is defined as a diminished ability to obtain pleasure from
 otherwise positive stimuli. Anxiety and mood disorders have been
 previously associated with dysregulation of the reward system, with
 anhedonia as a core element of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of
 the present study was to investigate whether stress-induced anhedonia
 could be prevented by treatments with escitalopram or novel herbal
 treatment (NHT) in an animal model of depression. Unpredictable chronic
 mild stress (UCMS) was administered for 4 weeks on ICR outbred mice.
 Following stress exposure, animals were randomly assigned to
 pharmacological treatment groups (i.e., saline, escitalopram or NHT).
 Treatments were delivered for 3 weeks. Hedonic tone was examined via
 ethanol and sucrose preferences. Biological indices pertinent to MDD and
 anhedonia were assessed: namely, hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic
 factor (BDNF) and striatal dopamine receptor D2 (Drd2) mRNA expression
 levels. The results indicate that the UCMS-induced reductions in ethanol
 or sucrose preferences were normalized by escitalopram or NHT. This
 implies a resemblance between sucrose and ethanol in their
 hedonic-eliciting property. On a neurobiological aspect, UCMS-induced
 reduction in hippocampal BDNF levels was normalized by escitalopram or
 NHT, while UCMS-induced reduction in striatal Drd2 mRNA levels was
 normalized solely by NHT. The results accentuate the association of stress
 and anhedonia, and pinpoint a distinct effect for NHT on striatal Drd2
 expression.
description: Escitalopram and NHT
 Normalized Stress-Induced Anhedonia and Molecular Neuroadaptations in a
 Mouse Model of Depressiondatabase
 13.10.17.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d0h7s
title: Data from: Basking sharks and oceanographic fronts: quantifying associations in the north-east Atlantic

description: 1. Understanding the mechanisms that link oceanographic processes and
 marine vertebrate space use is critical to our knowledge of marine
 ecosystem functioning, and for effective management of populations of
 conservation concern. 2. The basking shark Cetorhinus maximus has been
 observed in association with oceanographic fronts – physical interfaces at
 the transitions between water masses – exploiting foraging opportunities
 resulting from zooplankton aggregation. However, the scale, significance
 and variability of these associations have not previously been
 established. 3. Here, we quantify the influence of thermal and
 chlorophyll-a fronts on basking shark habitat use in the north-east
 Atlantic. We use animal-mounted archival tracking together with composite
 front mapping via Earth Observation (EO) remote sensing to provide an
 oceanographic context to shark movements. 4. We investigate levels of
 association with fronts occurring over two spatio-temporal scales, (i)
 broad-scale, seasonally persistent frontal zones and (ii) contemporaneous
 thermal and chl-a fronts. Using random walk simulations and logistic
 regression within an iterative generalized linear mixed modelling (GLMM)
 framework, we find that seasonal front frequency is a significant
 predictor of shark presence. 5. Oceanographic metrics time-matched to
 shark tracks indicate that sharks show a preference for productive regions
 and associate with contemporaneous thermal and chl-a fronts more
 frequently than could be expected at random. Moreover, we highlight the
 importance of front persistence and cross-frontal temperature step, which
 appear to interact to affect the degree of prey aggregation along thermal
 fronts in this shelf-sea system. 6. Our findings confirm that surface
 frontal activity is a predictor of basking shark presence in the
 north-east Atlantic, both over seasonal timescales and in near real-time.
 These insights have clear implications for understanding the preferred
 habitats of basking sharks in the context of anthropogenic threat
 management and marine spatial planning in the region.
description: GLS tracking locations +
 time-matched front metricsAll original GLS
 tracking locations, plus associated 7-day front thermal and chlorophyll-a
 front metrics (Thermal metrics = thermal front density, Tdens5; thermal
 front gradient density, Tgdens5; thermal front persistence, Tpfront;
 distance to closest thermal front (km), Tdist; side of thermal front,
 Tside; Chlorophyll-a metrics = chl-a front density, Cdens5; chl-a front
 gradient density, Cgdens5; persistence of chl-a front, Cpfront; distance
 to closest chl-a front, Cdist; side of chl-a front,
 Cside).gls_metrics_MASTER.txt