cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011331.v1
title: Cover crops, nitrogen doses, and inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense, in maize in the Cerrado

description: ABSTRACT With the aim of increasing productivity, and minimising costs and environmental impact, sustainable management techniques are necessary when growing maize. The aim of this study was to evaluate different cover crops (millet, crotalaria, pigeon pea, millet + crotalaria, millet + pigeon pea and fallow) and doses of N (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1), both with and without seed inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense of the maize crop, in the Cerrado region of Brazil. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, in a 6 x 4 x 2 factorial scheme, comprising 48 treatments with 4 replications. The study was carried out in the town of Selvíria, in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Plant cover, except for the pigeon pea in the first year and the fallow in the second year, produced enough residue (6 t ha-1) to maintain the no-tillage system in the Cerrado region, especially the treatment with millet + crotalaria. Maize production in succession to the pigeon pea and the millet + crotalaria was higher. In an area with a stabilised no-tillage system, the supply of nitrogen using fertiliser, gives an increase in productivity up to a dose of 114 kg N ha-1. Inoculating the seeds with Azospirillum brasilense gave a smaller final plant population, less plant height and lower 100-grain weight.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011333
title: Effect of fertilisation with urea on development in the ornamental bromeliad Aechmea fasciata

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of urea fertiliser on the bromeliad, Aechmea fasciata. Plants were submitted to weekly treatments with a solution of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 g urea L-1. After 210 days of the experiment, biometric variables of growth and development of the root and shoot systems were analysed, together with foliar levels of chlorophyll a and b, and of carotenoids. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with four replications; eight plants were used per plot. The data were submitted to regression analysis. The highest values for chlorophyll a and carotenoid content were obtained at a concentration of 1.23 g L-1 urea, and for chlorophyll b at a concentration 1.75 g L-1 urea. Plants of A. fasciata submitted to a solution with no nitrogen showed marked chlorosis of the leaves and reduced growth and development. The mean value for the maximum levels of photosynthetic pigments was 1.40 g L-1 urea, and this can be used as an indicator of the nutritional status of nitrogen in the species. From the results, an application of 1.46 g L-1 urea to the tank in A. fasciata is recommended, as this gave the greatest accumulation of total dry weight and an increase in the number of leaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011333.v1
title: Effect of fertilisation with urea on development in the ornamental bromeliad Aechmea fasciata

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of urea fertiliser on the bromeliad, Aechmea fasciata. Plants were submitted to weekly treatments with a solution of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 g urea L-1. After 210 days of the experiment, biometric variables of growth and development of the root and shoot systems were analysed, together with foliar levels of chlorophyll a and b, and of carotenoids. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with four replications; eight plants were used per plot. The data were submitted to regression analysis. The highest values for chlorophyll a and carotenoid content were obtained at a concentration of 1.23 g L-1 urea, and for chlorophyll b at a concentration 1.75 g L-1 urea. Plants of A. fasciata submitted to a solution with no nitrogen showed marked chlorosis of the leaves and reduced growth and development. The mean value for the maximum levels of photosynthetic pigments was 1.40 g L-1 urea, and this can be used as an indicator of the nutritional status of nitrogen in the species. From the results, an application of 1.46 g L-1 urea to the tank in A. fasciata is recommended, as this gave the greatest accumulation of total dry weight and an increase in the number of leaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011334
title: Concordance between botanical groups and genetic diversity in peanut

description: ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to characterize peanut accessions of germplasm collection of the CCA/UFC and check consistency between the pre-existing botanical groups to estimates of genetic diversity. For this were conducted a trial with 43 accessions of peanut in a randomized block design with three replications. To characterization were used 21 morphological descriptors, where revealed large genetic variation. The mass hundred grains trait showed the main discriminating factors, with relative percentage of 22.1%. The cluster obtained with the linkage complete method, it was possible to view the dendrogram the formation of seven groups based on the Mahalanobis distance. By principal components analysis was identified phenotypic diversity among genotypes. The first three components explained 81% of the total variation. Subsequently, built a three-dimensional scatter chart for access of visualization, eight groups being formed. There was medium magnitude of agreement between the botanical groups and genetic diversity, both by the dendrogram and graphic dispersion proving the dissimilarity between genotypes of different botanic groups. Therefore, crossings between group access botanical Spanish or Valencia with those belonging to the Virginia group should generate segregating populations with high genetic potential.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011334.v1
title: Concordance between botanical groups and genetic diversity in peanut

description: ABSTRACT The aims of this study were to characterize peanut accessions of germplasm collection of the CCA/UFC and check consistency between the pre-existing botanical groups to estimates of genetic diversity. For this were conducted a trial with 43 accessions of peanut in a randomized block design with three replications. To characterization were used 21 morphological descriptors, where revealed large genetic variation. The mass hundred grains trait showed the main discriminating factors, with relative percentage of 22.1%. The cluster obtained with the linkage complete method, it was possible to view the dendrogram the formation of seven groups based on the Mahalanobis distance. By principal components analysis was identified phenotypic diversity among genotypes. The first three components explained 81% of the total variation. Subsequently, built a three-dimensional scatter chart for access of visualization, eight groups being formed. There was medium magnitude of agreement between the botanical groups and genetic diversity, both by the dendrogram and graphic dispersion proving the dissimilarity between genotypes of different botanic groups. Therefore, crossings between group access botanical Spanish or Valencia with those belonging to the Virginia group should generate segregating populations with high genetic potential.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5668459
title: Zinc fertilization in cowpea cultivars

description: ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants, due to its role as a functional, structural, or regulatory cofactor in a large number of enzymes. The element is necessary for the synthesis of tryptophan, which is a precursor of indoleacetic acid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of two cowpea cultivars fertilized with four doses of Zn (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 kg of Zn ha-1) regarding dry grain yield (PGS), in addition to quantifying leaf and grain Zn content and grain crude protein. The experiment was conducted in the town of Brejo, in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A 4 x 2 factorial scheme was used with four replications. Response functions were adjusted by calculating the Zn doses which provided a maximum technical efficiency for each genotype. The tested cultivars of cowpea showed no great difference regarding Zn demand applied to the soil, ranging from 3.2 to 3.4 kg of Zn ha-1 for BRS Tumucumaque and BRS Guariba, respectively. Concerning Zn use efficiency, BRS Guariba was more responsive than was BRS Tumucumaque, i.e. the same dose of Zn produced 70 kg grain and 2.1 kg crude protein per hectare.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5668459.v1
title: Zinc fertilization in cowpea cultivars

description: ABSTRACT Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants, due to its role as a functional, structural, or regulatory cofactor in a large number of enzymes. The element is necessary for the synthesis of tryptophan, which is a precursor of indoleacetic acid. The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of two cowpea cultivars fertilized with four doses of Zn (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 6.0 kg of Zn ha-1) regarding dry grain yield (PGS), in addition to quantifying leaf and grain Zn content and grain crude protein. The experiment was conducted in the town of Brejo, in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A 4 x 2 factorial scheme was used with four replications. Response functions were adjusted by calculating the Zn doses which provided a maximum technical efficiency for each genotype. The tested cultivars of cowpea showed no great difference regarding Zn demand applied to the soil, ranging from 3.2 to 3.4 kg of Zn ha-1 for BRS Tumucumaque and BRS Guariba, respectively. Concerning Zn use efficiency, BRS Guariba was more responsive than was BRS Tumucumaque, i.e. the same dose of Zn produced 70 kg grain and 2.1 kg crude protein per hectare.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5668138
title: Accumulation of salts in the soil and growth of cowpea under salinity and phosphorus fertilization

description: ABSTRACT Cowpea is widely grown in the Brazilian semiarid region, however, due to excess salts in the soil and irrigation water constantly low crop productivity has been observed. Accumulation of salts in the soil, growth and biomass partition of cowpea under salt stress and phosphorus fertilization was evaluated in this study. The assay was conducted in a greenhouse in Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, from September to December 2015, using a Alfissol Latosolic with low phosphorus content. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a factorial 5 x 3 arrangement, consisting of five water salinity levels (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and three doses of superphosphate (60, 100 and 140% of the recommended dose for crop - 60 kg ha-1 of P2O5), with five repetitions. The plants of cowpea cv. Paulistinha were cultivated for 49 days after sowing in lysimeters with 8 dm3 capacity. During this period was determined the accumulation of salts in the soil, growth and biomass partition plants. Water with salinity higher than 1.5 dS m-1 increased soil salinity above the crop's threshold of 4.9 dS m-1, 21 days after sowing. Increased salinity impaired growth and biomass partition of cowpea plants, with greater accumulation of dry matter in the leaves and stem in comparison to the root. Hinghest dose of superphosphate promoted greater growth of cowpea plants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5668138.v1
title: Accumulation of salts in the soil and growth of cowpea under salinity and phosphorus fertilization

description: ABSTRACT Cowpea is widely grown in the Brazilian semiarid region, however, due to excess salts in the soil and irrigation water constantly low crop productivity has been observed. Accumulation of salts in the soil, growth and biomass partition of cowpea under salt stress and phosphorus fertilization was evaluated in this study. The assay was conducted in a greenhouse in Mossoró, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, from September to December 2015, using a Alfissol Latosolic with low phosphorus content. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a factorial 5 x 3 arrangement, consisting of five water salinity levels (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1) and three doses of superphosphate (60, 100 and 140% of the recommended dose for crop - 60 kg ha-1 of P2O5), with five repetitions. The plants of cowpea cv. Paulistinha were cultivated for 49 days after sowing in lysimeters with 8 dm3 capacity. During this period was determined the accumulation of salts in the soil, growth and biomass partition plants. Water with salinity higher than 1.5 dS m-1 increased soil salinity above the crop's threshold of 4.9 dS m-1, 21 days after sowing. Increased salinity impaired growth and biomass partition of cowpea plants, with greater accumulation of dry matter in the leaves and stem in comparison to the root. Hinghest dose of superphosphate promoted greater growth of cowpea plants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667919
title: Growth and gas exchange in cowpea plants under different managements and saline conditions

description: ABSTRACT The cowpea is one of the main crops of economic and social importance in the northeast of Brazil. However, the growing need to increase crop yield has prompted the use of irrigation water with high levels of salts. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate the effects of different irrigation depths and rates of liquid biofertilizer on growth and gas exchange in cowpea plants under saline conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, using a scheme of split lots consisting of four irrigation depths with saline water (75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and sub-lots of four different doses of biofertilizer (0; 5,000; 10,000 and 15,000 L ha-1). At 75 days after sowing (DAS), readings were taken of gas exchange in the plants (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration and transpiration), and growth analyses were carried out (plant height, leaf area and total dry matter). An increase in irrigation depth gives an increase in total dry weight and leaf area. Increasing irrigation depth causes a significant increase in gas exchange, with quadratic behavior noted for photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, and linear behavior for internal CO2 concentration and transpiration. The application of high doses of biofertilizer gives increased stomatal opening of the cowpea leaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667919.v1
title: Growth and gas exchange in cowpea plants under different managements and saline conditions

description: ABSTRACT The cowpea is one of the main crops of economic and social importance in the northeast of Brazil. However, the growing need to increase crop yield has prompted the use of irrigation water with high levels of salts. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate the effects of different irrigation depths and rates of liquid biofertilizer on growth and gas exchange in cowpea plants under saline conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, using a scheme of split lots consisting of four irrigation depths with saline water (75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration - ETc) and sub-lots of four different doses of biofertilizer (0; 5,000; 10,000 and 15,000 L ha-1). At 75 days after sowing (DAS), readings were taken of gas exchange in the plants (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration and transpiration), and growth analyses were carried out (plant height, leaf area and total dry matter). An increase in irrigation depth gives an increase in total dry weight and leaf area. Increasing irrigation depth causes a significant increase in gas exchange, with quadratic behavior noted for photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, and linear behavior for internal CO2 concentration and transpiration. The application of high doses of biofertilizer gives increased stomatal opening of the cowpea leaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667988.v1
title: Adaptability and stability of the zinc density in cowpea genotypes through GGE-Biplot method

description: ABSTRACT Biofortification is a strategy that aims to improve the nutritional quality of foods through genetic breeding. Zinc is an important mineral for human health. It is used in various physiological processes such as immune function, antioxidant protection, growth and development. Therefore, zinc is one of the most studied minerals in the biofortification of grains in cowpea. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of zinc density in the grain of 12 cowpea genotypes in four environments in the states of Piauí (PI) and Maranhão (MA), Brazil, by using the GGE-Biplot method. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Grain samples of each genotype were ground and the resulting flour was subjected to zinc density analysis by using an atomic flame absorption spectrophotometer. Analyses of variance were performed, and the adaptability and stability of zinc density in the grain was evaluated by the GGE-Biplot method. Genotypes showed different behavior depending on the environments tested for zinc concentration. According the GGE-Biplot method, Parnaiba-PI was the most discriminating environment for genotypes. Campo Grande do Piauí-PI and Parnaíba-PI were the most representative environments for selecting genotypes with zinc biofortification in the state of Piauí. Parnaíba-PI was the optimal environment for selection of genotypes adapted to high zinc density in grain. The cultivar BRS Xiquexique was the ideal genotype due to the high zinc density in the grain and high stability according to GGE-Biplot, followed by the lines MNC04-774F-78 and MNC04-782F-108.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5667988
title: Adaptability and stability of the zinc density in cowpea genotypes through GGE-Biplot method

description: ABSTRACT Biofortification is a strategy that aims to improve the nutritional quality of foods through genetic breeding. Zinc is an important mineral for human health. It is used in various physiological processes such as immune function, antioxidant protection, growth and development. Therefore, zinc is one of the most studied minerals in the biofortification of grains in cowpea. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of zinc density in the grain of 12 cowpea genotypes in four environments in the states of Piauí (PI) and Maranhão (MA), Brazil, by using the GGE-Biplot method. A randomized complete block design with four replications was used. Grain samples of each genotype were ground and the resulting flour was subjected to zinc density analysis by using an atomic flame absorption spectrophotometer. Analyses of variance were performed, and the adaptability and stability of zinc density in the grain was evaluated by the GGE-Biplot method. Genotypes showed different behavior depending on the environments tested for zinc concentration. According the GGE-Biplot method, Parnaiba-PI was the most discriminating environment for genotypes. Campo Grande do Piauí-PI and Parnaíba-PI were the most representative environments for selecting genotypes with zinc biofortification in the state of Piauí. Parnaíba-PI was the optimal environment for selection of genotypes adapted to high zinc density in grain. The cultivar BRS Xiquexique was the ideal genotype due to the high zinc density in the grain and high stability according to GGE-Biplot, followed by the lines MNC04-774F-78 and MNC04-782F-108.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5668267
title: Identification and quantification of antioxidant compounds in cowpea

description: ABSTRACT Dietary antioxidant compounds have been widely studied because of their ability to delay or inhibit oxidative damage, which allows them to play an important role in the prevention of diseases and the promotion of health. The identification and characterization of such compounds are required before their use in humans. This study aimed to identify and quantify antioxidant compounds in the cowpea cultivar, BRS Tumucumaque, and the cowpea strain, Pingo de Ouro 1-2, in view of their potential use in the development of new products with potent antioxidant activity. Here, we report the antioxidant activity and the phenolic compound content of the aforementioned cowpeas. The antioxidant extracts were analyzed by HPLC in a Shimadzu LC-20AT chromatograph model equipped with a manual injector using standard solutions of pure phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, quercetin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, . -coumaric acid, catechin, and epicatechin. Gallic acid was the phenolic compound with the highest level in both BRS Tumucumaque and Pingo de Ouro 1-2 (45.4 ± 2.66 and 93.4 ± 1.25 mg/100 g, respectively). Moreover, we identified and quantified catechin (5.67 ± 0.34 and 6.48 ± 0.51 mg/100 g, respectively), epicatechin (8.67 ± 0.47 and 2.95 ± 0.17 mg/100 g, respectively), ferulic acid (11.1 ± 1.42 and 13.8 ± 0.55 mg/100 g, respectively), and chlorogenic acid (2.39 ± 0.24 and 0.59 ± 0.28 mg/100 g, respectively). In contrast, caffeic acid was only identified in BRS Tumucumaque and quantified at 27.8 ± 2.99 mg/100 g. We conclude that Vigna unguiculata demonstrates functional potential, as both the strain and the cultivar contain antioxidant compounds that help in disease prevention and health maintenance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5668267.v1
title: Identification and quantification of antioxidant compounds in cowpea

description: ABSTRACT Dietary antioxidant compounds have been widely studied because of their ability to delay or inhibit oxidative damage, which allows them to play an important role in the prevention of diseases and the promotion of health. The identification and characterization of such compounds are required before their use in humans. This study aimed to identify and quantify antioxidant compounds in the cowpea cultivar, BRS Tumucumaque, and the cowpea strain, Pingo de Ouro 1-2, in view of their potential use in the development of new products with potent antioxidant activity. Here, we report the antioxidant activity and the phenolic compound content of the aforementioned cowpeas. The antioxidant extracts were analyzed by HPLC in a Shimadzu LC-20AT chromatograph model equipped with a manual injector using standard solutions of pure phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, quercetin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, . -coumaric acid, catechin, and epicatechin. Gallic acid was the phenolic compound with the highest level in both BRS Tumucumaque and Pingo de Ouro 1-2 (45.4 ± 2.66 and 93.4 ± 1.25 mg/100 g, respectively). Moreover, we identified and quantified catechin (5.67 ± 0.34 and 6.48 ± 0.51 mg/100 g, respectively), epicatechin (8.67 ± 0.47 and 2.95 ± 0.17 mg/100 g, respectively), ferulic acid (11.1 ± 1.42 and 13.8 ± 0.55 mg/100 g, respectively), and chlorogenic acid (2.39 ± 0.24 and 0.59 ± 0.28 mg/100 g, respectively). In contrast, caffeic acid was only identified in BRS Tumucumaque and quantified at 27.8 ± 2.99 mg/100 g. We conclude that Vigna unguiculata demonstrates functional potential, as both the strain and the cultivar contain antioxidant compounds that help in disease prevention and health maintenance.