DOI: 10.16904/envidat.494
title: Ring wind tunnel experiments - airborne snow metamorphism and stable water isotopes

description: This dataset collection contains all datasets collected during the ring wind tunnel experiments in January and May 2023 at the SLF cold laboratory facilities in Davos. A full description of the experiment set-up can be found in Wahl et al. (2024). The collection contains data from 19 experiments. The dataset collection entails measurements of the stable water isotopic composition of snow samples and the water vapour inside the wind tunnel, measurements of the meteorological variables inside the wind tunnel and snow sample properties as measured with microCT measurements (sphere size distribution and specific surface area (SSA)).
description: Resource Title: Snow samples - stable water isotopic composition
 Size: 20365 bytes
 Format: text/plain
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2ebc8e9-e757-47a8-8713-8892cb1cb25f/resource/68873e4c-7b30-4f82-b97c-446c80546216/download/windtunnel2023_snow_isotopes.txt
 Description: The dataset contains the stable water isotopic composition (d18O, dD. d-excess) of the snow samples taken during the ring wind tunnel experiments in January and May 2023 at the SLF cold laboratory facilities in Davos. The snow samples were collected in air-tight WhirlPaks and kept frozen at -20°C until they were melted in the closed sampling bags, filtered and 1.8ml were transferred into a 2ml glass vial and shipped to the Paul Scherrer Institut in Villigen, Switzerland where they were analysed following established laboratory procedures. The combined uncertainty on the individual isotopic composition is &lt;0.5‰ for dD and &lt;0.1‰ for d18O which yields an uncertainty of 0.9‰ on d-excess.
Timestamps are given for local Davos time (LT) and synchronised to the CRDS instrument which is in UTC. The "ExpNo" column refers to the experiment numbers given in Wahl et al. (2024), Table 1. The "type" of the snow samples is: "ini" = initial snow before introduction to the wind tunnel, "airborne" = snow sampled out of the air, "acc_in" = inner part of accumulated snow, "acc_out" = outer surface layer of accumulated snow.
description: Resource Title: Wind tunnel water vapour isotopic composition
 Size: 46068957 bytes
 Format: text/plain
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2ebc8e9-e757-47a8-8713-8892cb1cb25f/resource/e1ffe37c-e289-4eb5-a65f-af474e56fae7/download/windtunnel2023_vapor_isotopes.txt
 Description: The water vapour and its calibrated isotopic composition sampled inside the wind tunnel at 46cm height during the experiments. The vapour was pumped through a heated copper tube at a rate of 0.2 l/min to the CRDS instrument located in a temperate room outside the cold laboratory. The data has 1 second resolution with the timestamp in UTC (CRDS reference time). The measured variables are the calibrated d18O (‰), dD (‰) and d-excess (‰) signals and the uncalibrated ("H2Oraw", ppmv) and calibrated ("H2Ocali",ppmv) humidity readings of the CRDS and converted to specific humidity ("spechum", g/kg). The isotope data was corrected for its humidity-isotope dependency and referenced against the VSMOW-SLAP scale. Calibration runs were performed daily and details can be found in Wahl et al. (2024) including the Supplementary Materials.
description: Resource Title: Meteorological variables measured inside the wind tunnel during the May 2023 experiments
 Size: 290145 bytes
 Format: text/plain
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2ebc8e9-e757-47a8-8713-8892cb1cb25f/resource/1fcb9bb3-769d-40ee-948f-1b6899c6d488/download/windtunnel2023_metvariables_1min.txt
 Description: The dataset contains the 1-minute averages of the calibrated meteorological variables: temperature (T, °C), relative humidity (RH, %), relative humidity referenced against saturation over ice (RHice, %), specific humidity (q, g/kg) and wind speed (WS, m/s) as measured in the observation section of the wind tunnel at different heights and the room temperature of the laboratory measured outside the wind tunnel (Lab_Ta, °C). The measurement heights correspond to: "Top"=42.5cm, "Mid"=30cm, "Bot"=15cm, "PT100_Ta"=3cm. "WS" was measured at 36.5cm height. The time was synchronised to the concurrent CRDS measurements (which are UTC) and adjusted for the time lag resulting from pumping vapour from inside the wind tunnel to the CRDS. The timestamps indicate the beginning of the averaging period.
description: Resource Title: Snow samples - sphere size statistics files
 Size: 62459 bytes
 Format: application/zip
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2ebc8e9-e757-47a8-8713-8892cb1cb25f/resource/d91180d7-3057-462d-b893-20a01974b0a1/download/snowsamples_spheresizedistributions.zip
 Description: The individual measurement reports of the microCT scan for each snow sample as combined zip file. The file names and the sample number indicate which snow sample it is, see "Snow samples - microCT measurements". Each file contains the statistics and the count of fitted sphere size diameters and the respective share (in-%) in the frequency distribution. Immediately after snow sampling, a small portion of snow was transferred to the cylindrical μCT sample holder with a diameter of 15 mm and analysed at -20°C using a Scanco® CT-40 scanner. The analysis followed Hildebrand and Rüegsegger (1997).
description: Resource Title: Meteorological variables measured inside the wind tunnel during the January 2023 experiments
 Size: 41430 bytes
 Format: text/plain
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2ebc8e9-e757-47a8-8713-8892cb1cb25f/resource/a9edeb00-0547-47a3-821d-0a70b86af7ab/download/windtunnel2023_janmetvariables_1min.txt
 Description: The dataset contains the 1-minute averages of the calibrated meteorological variables: temperature (T, °C), relative humidity (RH, %), relative humidity referenced against saturation over ice (RHice, %), specific humidity (q, g/kg) and wind speed (WS, m/s) as measured in the observation section of the wind tunnel at different heights. The measurement heights correspond to: "Top"=42.5cm, "Mid"=30cm, "Bot"=15cm, "PT100_Ta"=3cm. "WS" was measured at 36.5cm height. The timestamp is in local time (UTC+1) and indicates the start of the averaging period.
description: Resource Title: Snow samples - microCT measurements
 Size: 3800 bytes
 Format: text/plain
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/f2ebc8e9-e757-47a8-8713-8892cb1cb25f/resource/93606a69-9f2e-4f8d-bca5-3f28001ee056/download/windtunnel2023_ct_measurements.txt
 Description: The data of the snow samples that were analysed in a Scanco® CT-40 scanner using a sample holder of 15 mm diameter which allowed for a high-resolution analysis with voxel size of 8 μm. The timestamp (local time, Davos, Switzerland) of snow sampling is given as well as the type of snow sample (see Snow samples - stable water isotopic composition dataset), the corresponding wind tunnel experiment number ("ExpNo", Wahl et al. (2024), Table 1) and the time since the snow introduction to the wind tunnel. The measured SSA is given in units 1/mm. The column "hist_filename" lists the name of the corresponding .txt file which contains the sphere size statistics of the snow samples. The sphere size statistics files are compressed in a .zip file.