DOI: 10.7277/2fy5-bk22
title: SERIES RC Walls Database

description: &lt;p&gt;This database was compiled by SERIES (&lt;a href="http://www.dap.series.upatras.gr"&gt;www.dap.series.upatras.gr&lt;/a&gt;) and it has been reproduced here to preserve the data and ensure continued access. It includes material and geometric properties, experimental results, digital load-deflection records and references for tests of reinforced concrete structural walls. The SERIES RC Wall Database provides researchers with data needed to evaluate and develop seismic performance models for RC walls.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The version of the database presented here was last updated in July 2013.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;This database builds on previous work carried out at the University of Washington (PEER database), University of Patras (Biskinis et al, 2004, Biskinis &amp; Fardis 2010a, 2010b, Panagiotakos and Fardis, 2001), Stanford University (Lignos and Krawinkler, 2009) and University of Ljubljana (Peru&scaron;, Poljan&scaron;ek and Fajfar, 2006; Poljan&scaron;ek, Peru&scaron; and Fajfar, 2008). Other partners are UPAT, EUCENTRE, ITU, IZIIS, LNEC, NTUA, TU IASI, UNAP, UNITN, UCAM and UOXF, IFSTTAR, METU, UNIVBRIS.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Parameter definitions are listed in the sections below.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table&gt; &lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td width="60%"&gt;&lt;a href="/site/resources/2015/09/00355/newfig1.png"&gt;&lt;img alt="image" class="contentimg" src="/site/resources/2015/09/00355/newfig1.png" style="width: 400px" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Figure 1. P-Delta Correction Cases&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="40%"&gt; &lt;h3&gt;General Information&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;br /&gt; Units (SI/US) indicates the type of units.&lt;br /&gt; Loading (C/M) indicates the type of load.&lt;br /&gt; Two types of loading are possible, namely: &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;C: Cyclic load&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;M: Monotonic load&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;br /&gt; N denotes the axial force.&lt;br /&gt; P-D indicates the P-delta effect.&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Overall Geometry&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Cross section indicates the type of cross-sectional area. The following types of cross-sections are possible:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;R: Rectangular&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;B: Barbell&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;F: Flanged&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;O: Other&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;b indicates the width of the boundary element.&lt;br /&gt; hb indicates the depth of the boundary element.&lt;br /&gt; lw indicates the total depth of the wall cross section.&lt;br /&gt; bw indicates the width of web.&lt;br /&gt; H indicates the total height of the wall.&lt;br /&gt; Ls indicates the length of equivalent cantilever.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/p&gt; &lt;table&gt; &lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td width="50%"&gt;&lt;a href="/site/resources/2015/09/00355/newfig2.png"&gt;&lt;img alt="image" class="contentimg" src="/site/resources/2015/09/00355/newfig2.png" style="width: 300px" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Figure 2. Test Configurations&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td width="50%"&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Test Configurations&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Six different types of test configuration are defined:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;C: Cantilever beam&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;DC: Double curvature&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;FB: Cantilever beam with flexible base&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;DE: Double ended&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;HH: Hammerhead&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;N-point loading: N is the number of loading points along the height of the wall (for N&gt;1)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt;   &lt;h3&gt;Concrete Properties&lt;/h3&gt; fct,fl indicates the modulus of rupture (flexural strength) of concrete.&lt;br /&gt; fct,sp indicates the splitting tensile strength of concrete.&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Reinforcement Properties&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longitudinal reinforcement of the boundary element&rsquo;s cross-section:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Diameter Corner is the diameter of longitudinal corner reinforcement bars.&lt;br /&gt; Diameter Interim Parallel to Load is the diameter of longitudinal intermediate reinforcement bars parallel to load.&lt;br /&gt; Diameter Interim Perpendicular to Load is the diameter of longitudinal intermediate reinforcement bars perpendicular to load.&lt;br /&gt; Total # Bars is the number of longitudinal reinforcing bars.&lt;br /&gt; Clear Cover (Perpendicular to Load) represents the distance from the outer surface of column to the outer edge of transverse reinforcement perpendicular to load.&lt;br /&gt; # Interim Bars (Perpendicular to Load) is the number of longitudinal intermediate reinforcing bars perpendicular to load.&lt;br /&gt; Clear Cover (Parallel to Load) represents the distance from the outer surface of column to the outer edge of transverse reinforcement parallel to load.&lt;br /&gt; # Interim Bars (Parallel to Load) is the number of longitudinal intermediate reinforcing bars parallel to load.&lt;br /&gt; Embedment Type is the type of longitudinal reinforcement anchorage.&lt;br /&gt; Le is the straight embedment length.&lt;br /&gt; Ribbed/Smooth Bars indicates the type of the longitudinal reinforcement bar.&lt;br /&gt; Reinforcement Ratio (Calculated) is the calculated longitudinal reinforcement ratio of each boundary element (area of steel of the boundary element divided by cross-sectional area of wall).&lt;br /&gt; Lsplice is the length of longitudinal reinforcement splice of boundary element.&lt;br /&gt; fyl Corner is the yield stress of longitudinal corner bars.&lt;br /&gt; ftl Corner is the ultimate steel strength of longitudinal corner bars.&lt;br /&gt; fyl Interim Parallel to Load is the yield stress of longitudinal intermediate bar parallel to load.&lt;br /&gt; fyl Interim Perpendicular to Load is the yield stress of longitudinal intermediate bars perpendicular to load.&lt;br /&gt; ftl Interim Parallel to Load is the ultimate steel strength of longitudinal intermediate bars parallel to load.&lt;br /&gt; ftl Interim Perpendicular to Load is the ultimate steel strength of longitudinal intermediate bars perpendicular to load.&lt;br /&gt; Steel Grade is steel grade of longitudinal reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;  &lt;/p&gt; &lt;table&gt; &lt;tbody&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td width="100%"&gt;&lt;a href="/site/resources/2015/09/00355/newfig3.png"&gt;&lt;img alt="image" class="contentimg" src="/site/resources/2015/09/00355/newfig3.png" style="width: 700px" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Figure 3. Confinement Types&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt; &lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Transverse reinforcement of the boundary element&rsquo;s cross-section:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Type of Confinement: Nine different types of confinement are defined:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt; &lt;li&gt;I: Interlocking ties&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;R: Rectangular ties (around perimeter)&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;RI: Rectangular and Interlocking ties&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;RU: Rectangular ties and U-bars&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;RJ: Rectangular ties with J-hooks&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;RD: Rectangular and diagonal ties&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;RO: Rectangular and octagonal ties&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;RIJ: Rectangular and Interlocking ties, with J-hooks&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;UJ: U-bars with J-hooks&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;Nv is the number of transverse shear bars in the cross section parallel to loading direction.&lt;br /&gt; Ribbed/Smooth Bars indicates the type of the transverse reinforcement bar.&lt;br /&gt; Bar Diameter is the diameter of transverse reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; Hoop Sets (Region of Close Spacing) is the number of hoop sets in the region of close spacing.&lt;br /&gt; Spacing (Region of Close Spacing) is the spacing of transverse reinforcement in region of close spacing.&lt;br /&gt; Bar Diameter (Region of Close Spacing) is the diameter of transverse reinforcement in region of close spacing.&lt;br /&gt; Hoop Sets (Region of Wide Spacing) is the number of hoop sets in the region of wide spacing.&lt;br /&gt; Spacing (Region of Wide Spacing) is the spacing of transverse reinforcement in region of wide spacing.&lt;br /&gt; Bar Diameter (Region of Wide Spacing) is the diameter of transverse reinforcement in region of wide spacing.&lt;br /&gt; Transverse Reinforcement Ratio Parallel to Load ( close spacing) is the reported transverse reinforcement ratio parallel to load in the region of close spacing.&lt;br /&gt; Transverse Reinforcement Ratio Parallel to Load (wide spacing) is the reported transverse reinforcement ratio parallel to load in the region of wide spacing.&lt;br /&gt; fyw Transverse is the yield stress of transverse reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; ftw Transverse is the ultimate steel strength of transverse reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; Steel Grade is the steel grade of transverse reinforcement.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Longitudinal reinforcement of web&rsquo;s cross-section:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bar Diameter is the diameter of web&rsquo;s longitudinal reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; sv is the spacing of web&rsquo;s longitudinal reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; Layers # denotes the number of layers of web&rsquo;s longitudinal reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; Reinforcement Ratio (Calculated) is the calculated longitudinal reinforcement ratio of web (Bar area multiplied by Layers # and divided by sv and bw).&lt;br /&gt; Lsplice is the Lap-splice length of web&rsquo;s longitudinal reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; fyv Longitudinal is the yield stress of longitudinal web&rsquo;s bars.&lt;br /&gt; fte Longitudinal is the ultimate steel strength of longitudinal web&rsquo;s bars.&lt;br /&gt; Steel Grade is steel grade of longitudinal reinforcement of web.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Transverse reinforcement of web&rsquo;s cross-section:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bar Diameter is the diameter of web&rsquo;s transverse reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; sw is the spacing of web&rsquo;s transverse reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; Reinforcement Ratio (Calc.) is the calculated transverse reinforcement ratio of web (Bar area multiplied by Layers # and divided by sw and bw).&lt;br /&gt; fyt Transverse is the yield stress of transverse web&rsquo;s bars.&lt;br /&gt; fte Transverse is the ultimate steel strength of transverse web&rsquo;s bars.&lt;br /&gt; Steel Grade is steel grade of transverse reinforcement of web.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diagonal reinforcement of wall&rsquo;s cross-section:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Bar Diameter is the diameter of diagonal reinforcement.&lt;br /&gt; # Diagonal Bars is the number of diagonal bars.&lt;br /&gt; Diagonal Reinforcement Ratio (Calculated) is the calculated diagonal reinforcement ratio.&lt;br /&gt; fy Diagonal is the yield stress of diagonal bars.&lt;br /&gt; Steel Grade is steel grade of diagonal reinforcement of web.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;Test Results&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;&ldquo;Failure&rdquo; provides a code indicating the type of failure, as it occurred during the test. In general,&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ol&gt; &lt;li&gt;Flexural&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Shear&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Shear-tension&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Shear compression&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Flexural-shear&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Lap-splice failure&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Anchorage failure&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Sliding shear&lt;/li&gt; &lt;li&gt;Non-failure&lt;/li&gt; &lt;/ol&gt; &lt;nb:citations&gt;&lt;p&gt;SERIES &#39;SEISMIC ENGINEERING RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURES FOR EUROPEAN SYNERGIES&#39;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/nb:citations&gt;