cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.175
title: FRCM SHEAR STRENGTHENING FOR CONCRETE BEAMS

description: This paper presents the results of an experimental study carried out to examine the efficacy of Fabric-Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) in strengthening RC beams susceptible to shear failure. In this paper, seven (7) shear-critical RC beams, of 2,500 mm in length, 150 mm in width, and 330 mm in depth, were tested under three-point loading until failure. Two main test variables were considered, which are:a) Strengthening material: carbon, polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO), or glass FRCM.b) Strengthening application pattern: a single full-length FRCM plate or a set of intermittent and spaced FRCM strips were applied along the critical shear zone.The test results confirmed the efficacy of FRCM strengthening in improving the load capacity of shear-critical RC beams. The FRCM-strengthening contributed to increases in the load capacity ranged between 31% and 100% compared to the reference specimen. The full-length strengthened specimens generally showed a better strength enhancement compared to the intermittent counterparts when using the same FRCM material. Such intuitive observation assures the importance of the amount of strengthening material applied in the critical shear zone. Besides, specimens utilizing carbon fibers in its FRCM strengthening material showed the highest strength enhancement among the three systems.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.176
title: On the use of experimental testing in RC building structures under construction

description: The current methods of building reinforced concrete (RC) structures have their origins in the first half of the 20th century. In the early stages, not a great deal of attention was paid to their behaviour under construction and not a lot was known about how loads were transmitted between shores and slabs. This meant that in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, there arose an interest in finding out how building structures behaved in the construction stage, and led to a large number of numerical and experimental studies being carried out.This paper gives a chronological account of the different experimental studies on the construction of RC building structures, together with a detailed research history of ICITECH, which in recent years has been a leader in this field, especially in the use of clearing (partial striking). This compilation of all the experimental studies sets out the objectives of each one, the results obtained, the advances achieved, and how each of them has contributed to the scientific community
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.177
title: STUDY OF CRITERIA USED TO OBTAIN A SUSTAINABLE BRIDGE

description: The sustainable development of bridges is mainly based on meeting the three pillars of sustainability (economic, social and environmental factors) which have different goals. Each main criterion groups a large number of subcritera. Therefore, achieve a sustainable bridge is a complicate problem that involves a high number of factors in each stage of bridge life-cycle. For this reason, decision-making is a helpful process to solve the sustainability problem. The objective of this work is to review the bridge life-cycle decision-making problems that involve criteria that represent the pillars of the sustainability. While some works only consider criteria related to one or two of these pillars, the most current works consider criteria that involve all the pillars of sustainability. Furthermore, most of the works reviewed only study one stage of bridge life-cycle.This study shows the criteria used in the revised journal articles in each bridge life-cycle phase. In addition, a statistical study shows the percentage of methods and tools used, and percentages of the application to the different life-cycle phase. The results show that operation and maintenance phase is the most studied phase with the 68.83% of the cases. Moreover, on the one hand traditional AHP method is the most used, and fuzzy logic is the most used tool.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.178
title: Fatigue Behaviour of the Upper End of Vertical Stiffener Connected with Sway Bracing

description: Lots of fatigue crackings were reported at the upper end of vertical stiffeners connected to intermediate bracings in steel highway girder bridges. Several countermeasures were proposed against those crackings, such as steel plate reinforcement between the upper flange and the vertical stiffener using high tension bolts after breaking RC slab, or re-welding. However, the work of breaking RC slab requires traffic lane closing, and re-welding may cause re-cracking. Then, some steel plate reinforcement methods using a jack-up jigs were proposed, in which traffic lane closing should not be required. But it has not been verified how effective in stress reduction and fatigue life extension.In this study, we investigate fatigue behaviour of the upper end of vertical stiffener connected with intermediate bracing, through fatigue tests using a full-scale specimen with three main girders under alternative loading using two actuators. As a result, alternative loading can reproduce the alternative stress at the upper ends of vertical stiffener in the middle girder under vehicles run on the true traffic lane and passing lane. In fatigue tests, root and toe cracks occurred after 0.1 to 1.6 million cycle loading, and it is confirmed that root cracks tend to be developed when the root width is large.Further studies are required on retrofitting methods against fatigue cracking at the upper end of vertical stiffener connected with intermediate bracing.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.179
title: INCREASING ROBUSTNESS OF RC STRUCTURES UNDER COLUMN LOSS SCENARIO

description: This paper presents simple and effective technique to enhance robustness of reinforced concrete frames toprogressive collapse under column loss scenario. The response of the mitigated frames is analyzed usingfiber force-based finite element analysis and applying displacement-controlled nonlinear static pushdownat the location of failed column. The technique includes addition of external unbounded steel cables to thecontinuous beam in each floor at anchorage and deviator locations. The cables transfer the loads abovethe failed column to the anchorages and deviators that are assumed to perform as rigid arms, which in turnredistribute the loads to adjacent columns. The numerical model computes the frame building progressivecollapse robustness using push-down analysis to simulate a column elimination and estimate the effects ofcable catenary action on the frame. Two-dimensional RC frame of six stories and four bays was adoptedin the study. The numerical results demonstrate the prospect of resisting progressive collapse of RCstructures by implementing the presented technique.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.180
title: Experimental Study of Restrained Steel-Concrete Composite Beams under Cyclic Loads

description: Composite structures is made from steel connected with slab concrete holding together with shear connectors. This facilitates in loading capacity according to AISC and AASHTO standard design. The test on restrained steel-concrete beams under monotonic loading and cyclic loading condition is with the fully composite and the partially composite. The result of this research is that the fully composite is more loading capacity than the partially composite. Moreover, the study also focuses on the deformation capacity ratio between the fully composite and the partially composite under both mentioned conditions. In this aspect , it is found that the deformation capacity of the fully composite is less than the partially composite. From the study, it is suggested that the steel concrete composite be design for the fully composite because it can hold the highest strength, prevent slipping between steel and slab concrete , and increase the durability.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.181
title: Cyclic Loading Tests on Post-tensioned Rocking Columns with Replaceable Energy Dissipaters

description: To mitigate the column damage during seismic events and to reduce the recovery time after a major earthquake, a post-tensioned bridge column with a rocking interface above the foundation and externally-installed energy dissipation devices was proposed. The energy dissipation devices were specially designed to serve as fuse elements that can be easily replaced after yielding. In addition, a mechanical joint that can rotate freely in all directions was incorporated at one end of the dissipater to ensure bending was not transmitted into this device. To verify the seismic performance of the proposed system, two proposed specimens with different prestressing forces and design details in the rocking base were constructed and tested. From the experiments, it was found that the proposed post-tensioned specimens suffered minor damage after cyclic loadings. All of the damage was concentrated on the inelastic deformation that occurred at the external energy dissipaters. The ease of replacement for the external energy dissipaters was also confirmed. However, the stiffness of the proposed system was less than that of the conventional cast-in-place monolithic specimen.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.182
title: Rehabilitation of Box Girder Bridge

description: A large pre-stress continuous box girder bridge consists of two separate parts, ten spans deck and eight spans deck. The bridge was subjected to multiple airstrikes, which caused several damages. The most serious are the complete destruction of four conductive spans in the ten spans deck, the movement of the remaining six spans longitudinally by about (1.25)m and transversely by about (0.1)m. Local damages occurred in other parts of the deck structure and minor damages in the piers and abutments. The deck structures were constructed by incremental launching method (ILM). Rehabilitation of the bridge included repair of the local damages, lifting and re-instatement the six spans, which weighs about (9000) tons, to its original position, the constructing and launching of new box girder to substitute for missing spans, and finally connecting old and new spans effectively. This paper introduces briefly the re-instatement of the six spans, connection details between the old new structures, then assessment of efficiency of the connection by performing analysis and load testing the connecting span.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.183
title: A Computational Framework for Holistic Life-Cycle Design of Buildings

description: This paper combines building information modeling with advanced structural modeling to optimize the design of building components using a life-cycle perspective. A new object-oriented software framework that extends an existing program is presented. It creates information-rich finite element models from industry foundation class files that are exported from building information programs. In addition to models for structural responses, the new components contain models for construction cost, repair cost, environmental impact cost, and human health cost. Random variable objects represent uncertainties in material properties, hazards, and cost models. Similarly, design variable objects represent decisions, such as structural dimensions and materials. All costs are summed and the expected value of this sum is employed as a decision criterion. This paper presents the software framework and a demonstration application.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.184
title: ANALYSIS OF TIMBER COLUMN-GROUND SILL JOINTS REINFORCED WITH IMPROVED ARAMID FIBER SHEETS

description: High-performance aramid fiber sheets are a new class of composite materials made up of weaved polyamide fibers. In this study, the seismic performance and failure behavior of timber column
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.185
title: STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TRADITIONAL THATCHED HOUSES IN THE OLD POST TOWN OF OUCHI-JUKU

description: We report the progress of our research on seismic performance estimation of a traditional thatched house in Ouchi-Juku, Fukushima prefecture, registered as an IPDGHB in 1981, based on field surveys. First, we carried out a field survey of two existing thatched houses to understand their structural properties and conducted microtremor measurements of these houses and examined their ground to analyze their vibrational characteristics. Based on vibration mode of the house, it was found that the amplitude was large on the front side, which was used as often as a souvenir shop and Japanese restaurant, because the front of the house had less walls. Finally, we calculated the yield base shear coefficient as an indicator of seismic performance and compared it with the regression functions of traditional town houses in Kyoto. It is found that the thatched house in Ouchi-Juku had a higher shear force than a wooden house in Kyoto.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.186
title: Estimation of Airborne Salt Level for Bridge Constructions

description: In the construction for steel bridges, it is important to accurately evaluate the environmental characteristics of the local region. It is well-known that the salt accumulation affects the corrosion of steel bridges. In order to evaluate the corrosion durability for a bridge, the airborne salt level is investigated monthly for a year prior to construction of the bridge. It is acknowledged that the airborne salt level varies seasonally, and thus it is possible that the one-year monitoring result does not necessarily represent long-term annual conditions for the airborne salt level. These climate changes makes it difficult for the engineer to evaluate the corrosion durability for the steel bridges over a period of 100 years. In this study, the authors invested efforts to develop a procedure of estimating the airborne salt level based on available meteorological information. The estimation results showed reasonable agreement with the measured airborne salt level. It is confirmed that the proposed concise evaluation procedure based on only wind direction and speed information is useful as a method for estimating the airborne salt level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14748465
title: Supplementary Material for: Successful Endoscopic Retrieval of a Retained Fractured Guidewire from the Main Pancreatic Duct

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.187
title: UTILIZATION OF STEEL FIBRES IN DIAGONALLY REINFORCED CONCRETE COUPLING BEAMS AS ADDITIONAL TRANSVERSE REINFORCEMENTS

description: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of transverse reinforcement such as crossties or steel fibers on the cracking and hysteretic behaviors of diagonally reinforced coupling beams aligned vertically over coupled special structural walls. Four 1/3-scale short beams were made and tested under cyclic shear in a double curvature condition. All specimens have the same reinforcement configuration except for transverse reinforcing details and the clear span length-to-section depth ratio (ln/h) of 2. Control coupling beam (CCB) was designed with full confinement of diagonally reinforced concrete beam section based on the seismic design provisions of the ACI 318-14 Code. The other specimens include simplified transverse reinforcement to improve the constructability while retaining adequate strength and ductility. Test results revealed that transverse reinforcement in the diagonally reinforced coupling beams have a significant effect on the cracking and structural behaviors. For fully confined coupling beams with diagonally oriented reinforcement and without crossties and hoop legs, the addition of steel fiber at volume fraction of 0.75% to concrete provides equal cracking and structural behaviors as compared to those of diagonally reinforced coupling beam with full confinement details.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.188
title: Seismic Performance of Six-story Fabricated Steel Frames under Pseudo-Dynamic Testing

description: In order to study the seismic behaviors of fabricated steel frames with bolted beam-height adjustable steel beam-to-column connections (BHA connections), a six-story steel frame was designed to run pseudo-dynamic experiments. Experiments were first carried out with the steel frames with and without BRBs under three different types of seismic records under 35gal and 70gal. Then the seismic records of EL_CENTRO amplified from 220gal to 1600gal were loaded on the braced frame. Results showed that there was no detachment, sliding, or yielding detected in BHA connections. After BRBs were installed, the story drift and the top-story maximum displacement could easily meet the codes, and the structure was still working in the elastic stage under 620gal. It could therefore be concluded that BHA connections have excellent seismic performance and they are suitable for application in fabricated steel frames. The braced frame using BHA connections has good lateral stiffness and energy dissipation capacity.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.189
title: Wind load perdition of large-span dry coal sheds based on GRNN and its application

description: The distribution and fluctuation of wind load on large-span dry coal sheds are complicated. Wind load on typical shape of roofs can be sometimes determined based on the wind tunnel tests carried out on roofs of similar shape. To expand the application scope of the test data, Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) is introduced. The prediction models on large-span dry coal are given, where the wind load is expressed by 8 parameters: mean, RMS, skewness, kurtosis of wind pressure coefficients, three auto-spectral parameters (including descendent slope in high frequency range, peak reduced spectrum and reduced peak frequency) and coherence exponent for cross-spectra. Cross validation and trails are carried out to determine the parameter in the GRNN model. Further, the wind load prediction is applied on a dry coal shed shell. The wind-induced responses are calculated and compared with the results of wind tunnel tests. The results are even close. Therefore, it can be concluded that GRNN is feasible in predicting wind load on roof structures.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.190
title: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON H-SHAPED STEEL BEAM WITH CONTINUOUS BRACING SUBJECTED TO END MOMENT

description: As for H-shaped beams, concrete floor slab and purlins can be considered as bracing if they have enough stiffness and strength. There are many studies about bracing against lateral torsional buckling. However the effect of lateral bracing cannot be properly considered in the practical design currently. The purpose of this study is to show the effect of the lateral bracing and vertical stiffener experimentally. The test on the lateral buckling of H-shaped steel beam with a steel plate which is a continuous bracing is carried out. Parameters are the position of bracing and presence or absence of vertical stiffener. The steel plate is welded on the compressive flange or the tensile flange. The vertical stiffener may be considered as the bracing for lateral buckling however the effects of them are not clear. The vertical stiffener is set at the position where the lateral deformation is assumed largest. The lateral buckling and local buckling occurs in the test specimens without bracing and with continuous bracing on the tensile flange. The maximum strength of the test specimen with a vertical stiffener is 5% smaller than that of the test specimen without a vertical stiffener. However, the strength degradation of the test specimen with a vertical stiffener is smaller and the load is 90 % more than the maximum load when the rotation angle is 0.07 rad.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.191
title: Measurement and comparison of Snow Density on Ground and Roof

description: With the intensification of global climate changing, the human and economic losses caused by snowstorms becomes higher and higher. Harbin, located in the north of China, has the geographical advantage of heavy snowfall, the density and the distribution of snow on the ground and roof were measured. In the aspect of snow density, the snow density on ground and roofs were measured. The snow is divided into three kinds, and the range of snow density is roughly determined. By comparing the two kinds of measurements on both fields, the effects of location, snow thickness and temperature on snow density are specified. Also, the differences of snow density on both ground and roof, new snow and old snow are got. The results show that the old snow density is greater than the new snow density; The snow density of the roof area is obviously larger than that of the ground area; the ground snow density increases with the accumulation of snowfall.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.192
title: NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE BEARING CAPACITY OF TRANSVERSELY PRESTRESSED CONCRETE DECK SLABS

description: The paper investigates the effect of various geometrical and material parameters on the bearing (punching shear) capacity of transversely prestressed concrete deck slabs by numerical methods. Experiments on a 1:2 scale model of such a bridge were carried out in the laboratory and a 3D nonlinear finite element (FE) model was developed in the finite element analysis software package TNO DIANA to study the structural behavior in punching shear. A comparison of the experimental and numerical ultimate loads show that the non-linear FE models can predict the load carrying capacity quite accurately with a standard deviation of 0.1 and the coefficient of variation of only 10%. The effect of varying the transverse prestressing level, the presence and size of the ducts, size of the loading plate and the concrete class is also described as part of the parametric study. It was observed that sufficient saving in cost can be made if calibrated numerical models are employed to investigate existing structures rather than doing expensive experimental studies.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.193
title: Effect of Seismic Strengthening of Wooden Building as Determined with Micro-tremor Measurements

description: In Japan, it is important to be able to determine the factors affecting changes in the vibration characteristics of wooden buildings resulting from their seismic strengthening, so as to ensure their seismic resilience. This study set out to determine the effect of seismic strengthening on the vibration characteristics of a wooden building and to clarify the factors affecting the changes in the vibration characteristics based on micro-tremor measurements. The results of the micro-tremor measurements were compared with the results of a seismic diagnosis. The main findings were as follows; 1) The installation of seismic strengthening increases the natural frequency. 2) The amplitude of the structure plane in which the steel columns and structural plywood were installed was reduced. 3) The results of micro-tremor measurements and a seismic diagnosis exhibited the same tendency regarding the effects of seismic strengthening.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2017.194
title: The static behaviors and numerical prediction on displacement of an existing arch dam

description: In order to estimate the seismic safety of existing arch dams, it is essential to assess the static behavior and the mechanical resistance of arch dam. Numerical analysis model for transverse joints (contraction joints) of the arch dam is developed considering the separation, sliding and re-contact behaviors of contraction joints. The static behaviors of an arch dam under annual change of temperature and water level were calculated by using non-linear three-dimensional finite element analysis method that incorporated the developed numerical analysis model of contraction joints. The displacement of the dam body was compared both in analysis and in measured data. At a result, the calculated results can give a good estimation for dam deformation of an existing arch dam caused by those loads. In addition, the effective arch zone was formed under consecutive contraction joints. Thus, the nature of load capacity mechanism was identified. Using these calculated results, the numerical prediction on the displacement of an existing arch dam was proposed for daily management.