cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13894
title: The women's hospital at Ing Hok, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: A view of the roof of the women's hospital from the southern side of the missionary residence at Ing Hok [Ing Tai]. Written above this photograph in the album it was pasted: "Looking south from the front of mission residence. Roof of women's hospital second floor, of which now used for girls' boarding school. Over church tower, across the river, are the Buddhist pagoda and Confucian monastery. Between, church on one hill and pagoda on the other, the city of Ing Hok with 20,000 inhabitants."; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13842
title: Religious procession outside a church, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: The procession participants are facing a large brick church. There are a number of people kneeling with their heads bowed, and others are lined on either side of those kneeling, holding banners in their hands. The clergy members are inside the church's entrance.; The back of the postcard contains: "No 5. - Ruanda: Reposoir de la Mission d'Isavi, Halting place with altar at Isavi." There is also printed information about the publisher: "Edition: Jos. Dardenne. Serie no 2 A. luke- Repr. int.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13898
title: A view of the Ing Hok River from the American mission, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: A view of the Ing Hok [Ing Tai] River from the piazza of the American missionary residence. Mountains cascade over the opposite bank of the river. Written beneath the photograph in the album: "The river (Ing Hok river) to the eastward. Under the cross, two churches [Puai-sioh? Unqiang?] twelve miles away from Ing Hok city. There are twelve of these mountain churches."; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13684
title: Convention jubilee of the ABCFM mission, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 1896

description: A large annual gathering at the American mission in Foochow [Fuzhou] is shown under at tent. Most of the crowd is Chinese. Some Ameican missionaries can be seen in the background.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13691
title: Chinese girls at Beacon Hill Farm, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: A group of young Chinese women and children pose with Emily S. Hartwell and Caroline Chittenden. The girls helped with the work at Beacon Hill Farm. One of the girls is about to be married.; Emily Susan Hartwell was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13685
title: Congregation of the Hartwell Memorial Church, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: The congregation of the Hartwell Memorial Church is shown inside the church. Emily S. Hartwell is at the pulpit. The ten commandments and verses printed in Chinese characters hang on the wall behind the pulpit.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13688
title: Gathering at a wedding, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: A young newly-wed Chinese couple have their picture taken with a large group. Emily S. Hartwell stands to the right in the front row. Dr. Culver can be seen behind the newly weds while his wife stands to the left of the bride.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13811
title: Smith family with friends and students, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1931

description: The Smith family is seated on a wicker couch in the center of the group. The Rev. Edward Huntington Smith is on the left. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith, is on the right. Their daughter, Helen Huntington Smith, sits between them. Also seated in the front row, from left to right: Ding Ngiong Tiang, Ding Cung, Ling Diong-loh (Hing Huang's son-in-law), Susan Armstrong, Mrs. Su Tieng Yang, Eunice Thomas, Caroline Chittenden, Lin Qieng So, Deng Kui w/ his wife and two children, Lang Cing Sing, Yang Li Gong and Edward. Standing in the rear from left to right: Ding Ceng Hui, Feu Yenching, Muong Sie Kong, Dai Kan, Ding Ceng Huang, Ding Buo, Dang Ding Chung, Yenching, Ngu Nguk, Liong Chin (Hospital), Eng Ko Dung, Dai Wong, Ling Bek Ngi, Sung Kan, Ding Nguong Guang Sung Kan, Lang Buoi Guang, Ling Lang, Wong Ing Guang Dai Kan, Dang Sung Ging (Ing Muoi's son), Ding Eng,  Tang Ing Muoi, Ngu Ciong Chiok, Ding Ing, Ling Bek Ging, Ciong Ling Long.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13779
title: Farm lands at Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: Terraced fields are set into the hillsides of Ing Tai. Mountains dominate the background.; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family, missionaries serving the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13692
title: Chinese chicken farmers, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: A family of chicken farmers poses for the camera. Chickens are in the foreground. The photograph seems to be two photos superimposed.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, who was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13916
title: The girls of Ms. Chittenden's School, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: A group photograph of the girls enrolled in Caroline Chittenden's school. They are all dressed in traditional Chinese clothing. Written under the photograph in its album: "Girls of Miss Chittenden's school - some are slave girls, most have husbands. The one with star brought from Foochow, and sold up in the mountains. Her mother-in-law died. She is housekeeper for husband and father-in-law, in a house with 15 other families in a mountain canon: is a Christian."; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13832
title: Christmas celebration at school, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1930

description: "Ngu Dung Mui 1930" The back of the photograph reads: "School", "Christian", "Xmas 1929". The date on the back of the photograph conflicts with the date written on the front of it: "1930". Many children are present.; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family. The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13841
title: Consul Gracey's fiftieth birthday party, Kuliang, Fujian, China, 1904

description: The 50th birthday party of Consul Gracey. A large group of Americans and Chinese are eating at tables outdoors. On the back of the photograph is written: "Dr. & Mrs. Gracy, Miss Pratt and [name not legible]. The rest (90 in all) you do not know. They are neighbors at Kuliang who Dr. Gracey invited to a feast on his birthday (Sept. 9). Grace and I were there too, but were not invited to take part in this feast. We had a jolly time. Helen [the Smith's daughter] was frightened by all the preachers. This is their Kuliang house, not far from us."; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family. The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13921
title: The entering class at the Boys' Boarding School at Ing Hok, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, 27 October 1906

description: The entering class at the Boys' Boarding School at Ing Hok. The class consisted of four young Chinese boys: Ma, Jong, U Hen Hung, and John Lau. The boys are seated on a staircase outdoors. They are all dressed and groomed in proper Chinese fashion.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14054
title: Indigenous priest delivering the sacrament, Uganda, ca.1920-1940

description: The priest and five attendants are standing in front of the elaborate altar participating in Holy Communion.; The back of the postcard is blank with information about the Catholic mission agency and a caption: "Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 10. Een inlandsch priester reikt de H. Communie ult (Uganda), Missionnaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 10. Pretre indigene distribuant la Sainte Communion (Uganda)." ("Indigenous priest distributing Holy Communion") and also information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Brussel."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13665
title: Group of Western and Chinese men, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: This appears to be a formal reception for a large group of Chinese and Westerners, possibly businessmen and diplomats. Some men are in uniforms. The header contains writing in Chinese characters.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, who was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13835
title: Edward and Grace Smith with coworkers, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1902

description: Edward Huntington Smith is standing on the far left. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith, is sitting to his right. She is wearing an ornate hat. The other three women are American teachers. The three Chinese men are named Su, Pang, and Wong. The Ing Tai river is visible in the background. A Chinese tower can also be seen on a hill on the opposite bank of the river. Written on the photograph: "On our hill at Ing tai, 1902".; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13900
title: The Smiths and Ms. Chittenden at Ing Hok station, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1904

description: The Rev. Edward Huntington Smith and his wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith, are holding their 16 month old daughter, Helen H. Smith. Dr. Emily Smith stands directly to the right of Mrs. Smith. Caroline Chittenden, a teacher at the girls' boarding school, stands to the right of Dr. Smith. This photograph was taken in May of 1904.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15263
title: Children holding flowers, Kisantu, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: 31. Ecoliers - Kisantu- Schooljongens" ("School boys") Five boys are standing outside in a field holding flowers in their hands.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Mission du Kwango. Kwango- Missie.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13690
title: Orphan boys of Ah-do and Emily S. Hartwell, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: Emily S. Hartwell presides over a portion of the one hundred seventy Chinese boys at the Ah-do orphanage. Their dormitory is behind them.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13829
title: Edward Huntington Smith with a Chinese family, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1939

description: The Rev. Edward Huntington Smith stands by a Chinese woman and her three young children.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15225
title: Marist mission, Kisangani, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: "Stanleyville- Mission des Freres Maristes vue par avion. Stanleyville- Missie der Broeders Maristen. Per vliegtuig gezien." ("Stanleyville- Mission of the Marist Brothers order by air") An aerial view of the Marist mission. There is also information about the mission agency: "Congo Belge. Belgische Kongo.- Serie Reeks 8 No 2. Desaix, Bruxelles."; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15223
title: Cathedral, Kisangani, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: "Eglise de Stanleyville. Kerk van Stanleyville." ("Eglise de Stanleyville") An exterior view of the cathedral and the land in front of the building. There is also information about the mission agency: "Congo Belge. Belgische Kongo.- Serie Reeks 8 No 2. Desaix, Bruxelles."; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13644
title: Children weaving at the Christian Herald Industrial Mission, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: Manchu children at the Christian Herald are seated at looms or standing, posed for the photograph.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, who was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13679
title: Gathering in front of Hartwell Memorial Church, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 1931

description: A large group of Chinese and a few Western missionaries gather outside the Hartwell Memorial Church in Foochow [Fuzhou] in 1931. The Westerners in front of the church entrance from the front row to the rear are Carrie Hartwell Tupper, Emily Tupper, Edward Tupper, Willard Topping, and Charles Culver. Many of the Chinese congregants are in their bare feet. There is Chinese writing on the upper right corner of the photograph.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13643
title: Christian Herald weaving shop, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: Young women and children are working at looms at the Christian Herald Industrial Mission.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, who was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13772
title: Graduate of Ing Tai Academy, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, 1934 June 26

description: Ling Song Mui poses for a graduation picture at Ing Tai Academy. The picture is addressed to Miss Thomas; presumably this picture was sent to Grace W. Thomas Smith.; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family, missionaries serving the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13686
title: Martha Wiley with three Chinese women, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: Martha Wiley stands beside three Chinese women.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13646
title: Manchu men, Fujian, China, ca. 1915

description: A group of Manchu young and old men in traditional garb are standing in a group posed for the photograph.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, who was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4234
title: Stone carving on temple, Gansu Province, China, ca. 1926

description: "Carving of entrance to a large temple. Cut from one piece of stone (Kansu Prov.)"  Designs in carving include dragons.; Mary W. Caldwell was a missionary serving under the American Presbyterian Mission, South in Taichow, Jiangsu province, who took a trip through Gansu province in 1926.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4810
title: Participants in song contest, St. Mary's School, Shanghai, China, 1923

description: "The Annual Song Contest was established in 1923. Each class composed one, either in English or Chinese. A Chinese song won."  A group of women students is posed on the steps of a building, holding a banner that says "Song Contest."; Margaret Hart Barbour, the photographer, was an American Episcopal missionary in Shanghai from 1916 to 1923.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m60152
title: Three men guiding logs down a river, Japan, ca. 1930-1950

description: Photograph of three men guiding a log float down a river. Behind them, the rocky shore leads up to a mountain.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4233
title: Wayside temple, Gansu Province, China, ca.1926

description: "Wayside Temple (Kansu Prov.)" Wooden structure set in front of steep hillside.  Statues of people and horses are visible behind a slatted wooden front. Banners with Chinese characters hang from top.; Mary W. Caldwell was a missionary serving under the American Presbyterian Mission, South in Taichow, Jiangsu province, who took a trip through Gansu province in 1926.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5810
title: Prisoners preparing for execution following Kucheng massacre, Fujian, China,1895

description: "Execution ground"  Seven prisoners kneel in line for execution.  Executioners stand behind.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3149
title: Exterior of building used as dining room by Methodist mission, Beijing, China, ca.1902

description: "W.F.M.S. Dining Room.  A few buildings on Chen Chiang Lu-t'ung were kindly put at the disposal of the W.F.M. Soc. by Dr. Lowry."  A wooden building with lattice-work windows and carved woodwork on porch.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5811
title: Prisoners executed following Kucheng massacre, Fujian, China,1895

description: "After the execution"  Prisoners lay on the ground with arms bound behind their back; some clearly decapitated.  Some individuals are viewing the bodies from on top of a stone wall.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3203
title: Girl students exercising with weights, Beijing, China, 1910

description: "High school girls at dumb-bell practice -- spring 1910."  A group of about thirty girls participating in exercises in a courtyard at the Methodist boarding school in Peking.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5809
title: Prisoner being tortured following Kucheng massacre, Fujian, China,1895

description: "Torture of prisoner"  The prisoner is seated in a wooden slatted box.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5816
title: Girl in orphanage, Fujian, China, ca.1897

description: "c. 1897 Chinese girl in orphanage" A young girl is standing beside a table with a poster of Jesus on the wall behind her.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5812
title: Monument to victims of Kucheng massacre, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca.1895

description: Angel monument to victims of the massacre, 1895."  "Cemetery under the olives at Foochow.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m72541
title: Pupils of Libamba, in Cameroon

description: Portrait of two girls who are pupils in the secondary school of Libamba.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5801
title: Commission of Enquiry in session following Kucheng massacre, Fujian, China,1895

description: "Commissioners in session."  The commissioners are seated at wooden desks on three sides of a room.; Some of the individuals in this photograph can be identifed from the Banister report. From the left, the first man is unknown, the young man second in on left is probably Lt.  Evans of the USN. Man in black behind Evans is Banister, who acted as Secretary. He had been the CMS missionary in Kucheng before Stewart.; E. L. B. Allen British vice-consul is next to Banister. Two standing Chinese at left rear unknown. niformed European unknown. Centre right back, Prefect of Foochow In front left is City Magistrate, at right is Deputy City Magistrate. Right Front is a Chinese Interpreter, then Dr J.J. Gregory, American Methodist Episcopal missionary who treated wounded after massacre. The man in black beside Gregory is Colonel James Courtney Hixson US Consult Foochow. Next is a Chinese interpreter. The next or the one next to him is W. Mansfield, British Consul in Foochow. Behind them are Chinese unknown.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13683
title: Graves of Rev. Charles Hartwell and fellow American missionaries, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1930

description: The grave of the Rev. Charles Hartwell is shown, with the headstone of his wife, H. Louisa Plimpton, to the right. To the right of her grave is the headstone of Ellen (Nellie) Louisa Peet Hubbard. To the left of the Rev.'s grave lie the headstones of his children.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13652
title: Two female missionaries with two Chinese men, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: Caroline Chittenden is seated on the right. Martha Wiley is seated on the left. Two Chinese men stand behind them.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, who was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13642
title: Men in front of Morrison Cottage, Sharp Peak, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: Chinese men rest in front of Morrison Cottage, a stone dwelling on Sharp Peak.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, who was an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13834
title: Interior of the missionary station at Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1902

description: Three American women and several Chinese persons stand around a railing in the American Board Mission station at Ing Tai in 1902. They appear to be in a small roofless courtyard. Grace W. Thomas Smith is standing on the far left. Written on the photograph: "Ing tai station at home, 1902".; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family. The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13770
title: Walled garden, Fujian, China, ca. 1930

description: The garden is enclosed by a large stone wall. Beyond the wall is an unidentified river and hills/mountains.; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family, missionaries serving the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].