cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.60773/pz40-d968
title: COVID-19 Large Network Center

description: Ohio includes a very diverse population, with many minority, underserved, and vulnerable communities (MUVP). The need to increase testing in Ohio’s MUVP is great – testing rates are only at 2.0 per 1000, with positivity rates indicating active community spread. With rapidly rising infection rates, ways to curb infection and morbidity/mortality are needed, especially in the most vulnerable populations. The RADx-UP Initiative Large Network proposal, RADx-UP Ohio, leverages the vast community partnership networks of the Ohio Center for Clinical and Translational Science Award and the OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center to identify reasons for and intervene to reduce disparities in COVID-19 education, testing, contact tracing, follow-up and treatment among MUVP in Ohio in a bi-directional academic-state-community partnership. This complements the work of Ohio Department of Health (ODH) emergency response to this pandemic. Our research process is guided by a socio-ecological model based on the Social Determinants of Health, the Proctor Model for Implementation Science and a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) framework and prior preliminary work of the team, using an implementation science framework and overall program evaluation. The goal of this RADx-UP Large Network Proposal (RADx-UP Ohio) is to address and reduce the disparities in COVID-19 education, testing, contact testing, follow-up and treatment (COVID-19 testing components) among minority, underserved, vulnerable and populations through the delivery of a CBPR integrated program that focuses on individual, social and community, health system and broader contextual-level barriers related to disparities in COVID-19 testing components, built upon a long-standing academic-community-government partnership. The specific aims are to: Aim1. Implement a multi-level intervention, built on effective interventions of the team, to increase the impact of COVID testing in MUVP in 12 selected counties informed by community partner input that will increase uptake of COVID-19 testing, knowledge of COVID-19 testing and results, and follow-up including contact tracing for positives. Aim 2. Assess the impact and sustainability of the intervention in different MUVP in Ohio. Aim 3. Interact with public health entities to disseminate successful strategies. The interventions will be culturally appropriate and tailored to the needs of each MUVP in the 12 selected counties using an implementation science design, with counties randomized in a 3-wave step wedge design. RADx-Up Ohio includes the following Units: Community Engagement and Intervention; Testing; Statistics and Data Management); Human Subjects, and Evaluation. RADx-UP Ohio uses a hub and spoke model where the units provide expertise to support the activities of the 4 regional teams, each of which includes CHWs from each of the 3 individual counties with at least one community stakeholder to provide community context and ensure authentic partnerships are maintained.
DOI: 10.60773/a7c6-ff66
title: Supporting COVID-19 Prevention and Testing for Marginalized and Minoritized Youth and Young Adults

description: This project will use a geographically diverse quantitative survey to assess patterns and disparities in COVID-19 testing and preventive behaviors longitudinally across 6 months, as well as the impact of multilevel factors, including stigma and policy. Informed by the results of this survey, and guided by the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills (IMB) Model, we will use a mixed-methods approach to iteratively develop a community engaged, health messaging intervention tailored towards SGMY and REMY to increase testing and preventive behaviors, provisionally titled Prev_Cvd. This text messaging intervention will be pilot tested by 100 REMY and SGMY to refine content and determine feasibility and acceptability. Given the lack of messaging guidelines for this population, this will be the first evidence-based messaging intervention for COVID-19 prevention among YYA. Developing and pilot testing such an intervention with active input from the community will allow for the intervention, if effective, to be rapidly scaled up and widely implemented to address disparities in COVID-19 among YYA and reduce overall transmission.
DOI: 10.60773/85ty-n986
title: Communities Fighting COVID!

description: Given observed disparities in COVID-19 morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality across race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, there is a great need to increase testing access and uptake with rapid return of test results. We propose a community health worker (CHW)-led approach to facilitate COVID-19 testing for underserved populations, with a focus on increasing testing access, uptake, and impact among Latinx, African American, Filipino, and immigrant communities using different testing implementation strategies. Our project will utilize COVID-19 contact tracing and community partner infrastructure to reach individuals aged 6 and above exposed or at risk of COVID-19 exposure. We will evaluate mobile and home-based testing strategies for increasing testing uptake among contacts, referred high-risk friends and family, and the broader community. Our specific aims are to: 1) Implement COVID-19 testing integrated into community health worker contact tracing home visits and compare the subsequent uptake of testing for referred high-risk friends and family in a mobile testing vs. home-based testing approach; 2) Using a community-led rapid cycle research process, identify effective strategies to promote uptake of COVID-19 testing through mobile/pop-up testing for Latinx, African American, Filipino, and immigrant populations exposed or at risk of exposure to COVID-19; 3) Gather CHW and community insights to establish best practices for future scale-up and sustainability. The project will contribute to health disparity reductions in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality and produce high impact through our core strengths in drawing on local knowledge, the team’s existing community partnerships, use of culturally-competent community healthcare workers, point-of-care rapid and inexpensive testing, and the use of geospatial data to prioritize locations for mobile pop-up testing. Our focus on underserved populations with high COVID-19 exposures will inform both future testing and vaccination efforts.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-4098
title: Fossils -- 240 million years old, presented to Occidetal College, 1951

description: 6 images. Fossils -- 240 million years old, presented to Occidetal College, June 5, 1951.
DOI: 10.60773/yrkh-gy81
title: LITE CONNECT: Addressing Testing Gaps and Epidemiologic Disparities of COVID-19 Among Transgender People in the United States

description: Transgender (TG) people are a NIH-designated health disparities population with high morbidity and mortality across multiple health conditions, including HIV infection, mental health, and substance use. These conditions are a product of and exacerbated by historical and ongoing discrimination and inequities in access to healthcare. In early 2020, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was recognized as a global pandemic. To date, no data exists on COVID-19 disease in TG people. There is an urgent need to understand the burden of COVID-19 disease, investigate its impact on other health conditions and vulnerabilities burdening TG populations, and identify future public health intervention targets. The current proposal aims to fill this gap. To accomplish these goals, disparities in access to testing among TG people must be identified and mitigated. The parent LITE study enrolled a baseline sample of more than 1500 TG women in the eastern and southern U.S. to assess HIV risk across 24 months of biobehavioral follow-up using technology-enhanced, digital methods of data capture. Leveraging the LITE infrastructure and in partnership with two community-based organizations, we aim to develop LITE-CONNECT, a rapid, community-engaged mixed-methods assessment that will enroll over 2,000 TG men and women across the U.S. The objective of this supplemental study is to characterize access and barriers to COVID-19 testing, provide access to and evaluate the use of home-based COVID-19 antibody testing to identify past infection and potential immunity, connect TG men and women to available community-based COVID-19 testing and support services, and identify community-based solutions to support access to COVID-19 testing, interventions, and care among TG people. Results from this study will be rapidly used to inform community-based efforts and national COVID-19 response that is inclusive of TG people. The proposed research will provide critical and timely insights about COVID-19 disease in TG people in a space in which almost no information currently exists. Early identification of disparities in COVID-19 morbidity and in access to COVID-19 testing and care is critical to ensuring access to services as the pandemic continues. We will leverage our existing infrastructure and community collaborations to gather new data, including unprecedented data from TG men, to guide urgently needed interventions to improve and optimize the health and wellbeing of TG people in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
DOI: 10.60773/6kbx-7v76
title: Back to ECE Safely with SAGE: Reducing COVID-19 Transmission in Hispanic and Low-Income Preschoolers

description: The overarching goal of this study is to determine the acceptability, feasibility, efficacy, and scalability of back-to-early childhood education (ECE) testing in young children (3-5 years). We will also determine whether outdoor garden-based education can help close the education gap experienced by children who have been out of school during the pandemic. The subject population is comprised of three groups of people: (1) ECE-enrolled children, (2) their parents, and (3) ECE personnel. We plan to enroll ~800 children between the ages of 3 and 5, with the average age of 4 years to be evenly distributed by sex from 40 ECE sites in Phoenix, Maricopa, County, AZ. We will also enroll one parent of each child most of whom ~90% will be women. We expect most children and parents in the sample to be Hispanic and many to be Spanish language dominant. We plan to enroll approximately 40 ECE personnel. We plan to recruit an additional 800 child and parent dyads.
DOI: 10.60773/nxck-yd76
title: Randomized COVID-19 Testing in Vulnerable Communities and Risk Tool Creation (FightCOVIDMKE)

description: Fight COVID MKE will use randomized COVID antibody testing in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin to measurethe population proportion infected and how this proportion varies over time and with patient demographic andhealth characteristics. Through partnerships with 20 primary care health centers and with local churches andcommunity agencies to conduct community outreach and engagement, the study will oversample minority,poor, and elderly populations to obtain more precise estimates for these groups.Fight COVID MKE will gather patient-reported health data and leverage extensive data linkages fromWisconsin state data partners to assess the risks of infection progressing to symptoms, hospitalization, ICUstay, or death and to calculate population infection rates as a function of patient and communitycharacteristics. A web-based risk assessment tool will be developed in English and Spanish to allowindividuals, families, and health care professionals to assess individual risk and advise high-risk individuals on risk mitigation as well as vaccination.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-39861
title: Murder suspect confesses, 1952

description: 4 images. Murder suspect confesses, 29 May 1952. Captain R.A. Lohrman (Officer); Deputy Chief Thad Brown; Henry R. Sutter -- 45 years (suspect); Detective Lieutenant Carl Lee. (Samuel Davis -- 53 years, Desert Hot Springs builder found in trunk of his own car at newport Beach).
DOI: 10.60773/n328-4344
title: A Community-Led Approach to Enhance COVID-19 Testing Among Vulnerable Latinos

description: Latinos are among the most heavily impacted communities by the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, with more than 3 times higher rate than non-Hispanic whites. To address this disparity, this team of investigators and community partners has established a multi-pronged approach that leverages the skill set of trusted bilingual/bicultural peer navigators (or promotoras) to address social determinants of health (SDOH) that create barriers to testing (such as lack of insurance, immigration status, stigmatization or loss of job/ income), and to expand access to free COVID-19 testing in community settings. Our preliminary findings show that leveraging the promotora model for timely delivery of results (within 48 hours), paired with rapid linkage of COVID-19 positive patients to critical services (including clinical follow-up, food delivery, cash assistance, and/or isolation hotel), and referral of contacts for testing, increased acceptability and uptake of COVID-19 testing in a heavily impacted Latino community. The overall goal of this Phase I Testing Research Project called Juntos (Together) is to work closely with our community partners to systematically evaluate and refine current COVID-19 testing strategies, and to implement and evaluate innovative customized
DOI: 10.60773/3v5j-f685
title: SCENTinel: A Rapid Smell Test for COVID-19 Surveillance

description: Smell loss is a predominant symptom of COVID-19, and initial evidence based on self-reports suggests that chemosensory loss is a sensitive predictor of COVID-19 in the general population, more so than fever. However, given the natural lack of awareness of chemosensory changes, self-reports underestimate the true prevalence of smell loss in patients with COVID-19 by 20% compared to an objective test. Therefore, we propose testing and deploying a rapid and objective measure of smell ability, the SCENTinel test, inspired by the NIH Toolbox® Odor Identification Test that our team developed. SCENTinel is an inexpensive, convenient, and robust smell test for COVID-19 surveillance of the population that quickly and easily assesses three smell loss factors: odor detection, odor intensity, and odor identification. It is designed for practical use in several contexts, including high-density areas such as community medical sites, universities, subacute care facilities, and both industrial and nonindustrial workplaces. Our multi-disciplinary team has expertise in understanding taste and smell, developing and validating chemosensory tests, as well as studying the broad symptomatology of COVID-19. This project aims to a) fine-tune SCENTinel’s ability to predict a positive COVID-19 diagnostic test; b) examine marginal smell loss as a sign of the earliest phases of COVID-19, before a positive diagnostic test; and c) assess the test’s psychometric validity with test-retest reliability measures and validation against the NIH Toolbox® Odor Identification Test. Together, these aims will establish a standardized protocol for use of SCENTinel as a rapid and objective smell test that can easily be incorporated into onsite COVID-19 testing centers, schools, and workplaces nationwide. Furthermore, it will provide key insights into early-onset chemosensory symptoms in relation to a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis, providing a crucially needed means to contain the spread of COVID-19.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-38895
title: Giant crane, 1952

description: 6 images. Giant crane, 20 January 1952. Shots of crane; USS "Iowa" in foreground; German crane ready to make lift.; Supplementary material reads: "Chernus. No. 2 which shows German crane ready to make lift. No. 7 which shows crane with other crane above heads of crowd as lift was made. No. 9 which was shot from dock at Iowa gangplank showing crowd going aboard with 16-inch guns in background. Nos. 12 & 17: Shot from quarterdeck toward bow of Iowa showing huge throng on foredeck and on dock with long line coming up gangway and stretching down along Pier 1, with shipyard in background. No. 20 which shows foredeck of Iowa shot from bow peak looking into 16-inch guns with huge throng of people on deck and of course the superstructure of the Iowa in background".
DOI: 10.60773/mq9p-yx64
title: Use of Behavioral Economics in Repeat SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Testing in Disadvantaged Communities

description: The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has greatly impacted underserved populations. This project aims to understand social and behavioral determinants of COVID-19 testing and variations within sub-groups of this population. In partnership with the largest federally qualified health center in the United States, we will collect survey data and conduct a randomized experiment on 2,160 individuals (540 families) to evaluate the effectiveness of risk-based messaging and incentives that promote repeated testing for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. In a 2 x 2 (Messaging x Incentive) factorial experiment, participants are randomized to receive personalized messaging promoting repeated testing. Messaging will focus upon either (1a)   household risk or (1b)  personal risk of COVID-19. They are also randomly assigned to an incentive condition that (2a) insures against losing baseline rewards for initial testing, or (2b) that enters them into a bonus lottery with a small chance to win $150 if they complete both tests. Both the insurance and lottery conditions carry the same incentive costs. Our previous work in similar populations demonstrated that adherence to planned health behaviors is higher with insurance-based incentives than cash payments of equal value.This experiment compares insurance-based incentives to lottery incentives that have been shown to be effective in multiple contexts.  Finally, we evaluate if social and behavioral determinants of health result in heterogeneous treatment effects that can inform customization of incentive offerings in future programs devoted to increasing uptake of testing or vaccinations among underserved populations.
DOI: 10.60773/jv00-r132
title: Understanding Factors Influencing COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination in Immigrant Low-Income and Homeless Populations and Testing Targeted Interventions

description: Working with our community partners, we will create and evaluate the impact of a public health intervention in the area of Cumberland County, Maine, to provide outreach, testing, and vaccination education to a large community of immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and Central America, higher-risk low-income people accessing a public health facility (with a sexually transmitted infections clinic, needle exchange, and a free clinic), and individuals experiencing homelessness. This will include a longitudinal study to understand beliefs about and knowledge of COVID-19, and barriers and beliefs about testing and vaccination. Results will inform a community-developed and based intervention to engage the cohort and other members of these populations in testing and vaccine education, and evaluate the impact of this intervention on testing and vaccination uptake in our immigrant, low-income, and homeless communities. The Specific Aims are:  Aim 1. To understand patient perceptions of, fears about, and experiences with COVID-19 testing in our immigrant, low-income, and homeless populations. Aim 2a.  To use the data from Aim 1 to develop and pilot test public health messaging in our immigrant, low-income, and homeless populations, and to develop a strategy for a testing program. Aim 2b.  To use the data from Aims 1 and 2a to develop, pilot test, and implement a walk-up, COVID-19 testing program to increase testing uptake in our immigrant, low-income, and homeless populations. Aim 3. To evaluate the impact of a public health messaging and testing program developed in Aim 2b on rapid COVID-19 testing uptake.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-39566
title: Civic light opera, 1952

description: 7 images. Civic light opera, 26 May 1952. Raoul Garcia; Jean Fenn; Mrs. Stanley Coates; Corporal Denis Sanchez; Mrs. Leslie G. Greeman; Mr. and Mrs. Charles Lovel Wright; Eric Scudder; Mr. and Mrs. William C. Hartshorn; Mr. and Mrs. Sterling Parr.
DOI: 10.60773/ws7v-2r18
title: Multiparametric Integrated Molecular Detection of SARS-CoV-2 from Biofluids by Adapting Single Extracellular Vesicle Characterization Technologies

description: COVID-19, a global pandemic due to its rapid progression, is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are different assays for COVID-19 testing, including nucleic acid, serological, antigen, and ancillary tests used in hospitals. In this study, it will be developed a biochip assay that can simultaneously detect SARS-CoV-2 protein and RNA from biofluids by using surface markers, and simultaneously detect/quantify target proteins and RNA at single virus resolution. Amplification of the signals will be achieved by targeting different regions of the viral RNA (e.g., viral nucleocapsid N1, N2), and a tyramide signal amplification (TSA) assay for viral surface proteins. To demonstrate the clinical utility of the technology, it will be deployed and tested using different biofluids, including NPS, and saliva from COVID-19 patients.
DOI: 10.60773/1scn-wv48
title: Using Health Communication to Increase COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination in Underserved Populations

description: null
DOI: 10.60773/pkzs-t351
title: Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Women Who Use Drugs (WWUD) Awareness, Acceptance and Uptake of COVID-19 Testing (The CARE Study)

description: In the U.S. women who use illicit drugs (WWUD) have disproportionately high rates of infectious (e.g., HIV, HCV), chronic, and pulmonary diseases that elevate their risk for COVID-19. Their health and disease profile is driven by enduring social conditions (e.g., scarcity of income, food insecurity, access to health services, housing, discrimination). These prevailing social conditions can also undermine WWUDs’ ability to protect themselves from COVID-19 (e.g., washing hands, social distancing). Drug procurement and use, which are largely social processes, further challenge these self-protection measures. Testingand future vaccination is vital to reducing COVID-19 among this high-risk population, necessitating accessible testing schemes. We propose a mixed methods study that draws upon the Andersen Behavioral Model10 and is grounded in eco-social theory. Specifically, the Baltimore-based study aims to: 1) explore predisposing social factors (e.g., housing, food security), individual-level factors (e.g., drug use, mental health), and beliefs (e.g., medical mistrust) that are facilitators and barriers of COVID-19 testing and perceived risks (e.g., income generation, violence) resulting from a diagnosis through in-depth interviews among WWUD (N=15) and a cultural domain analysis (N=45); 2) gain an understanding of the enabling community-level environment (e.g., medical and social service agencies that currently serve WWUD, existing city-wide COVID-19 testing sites) that could facilitate or hinder WWUDs’ COVID-testing uptake through observations (N=8-10) and key informant interviews (N=10); and examine predisposing social factors, individual-level factors, and beliefs that are associated with COVID-19 testing and retesting among a cohort (N=250) of WWUD at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Optional testing offered at bothstudy visits will be a self-administered, rapid antigen test. We will also examine the role of medical mistrust in shaping women’s use of healthcare services as well as experiences of stigma and discrimination in healthcare settings, particularly among Black participants. In Baltimore, this mistrust is particularly pronounced, with Johns Hopkins Hospital having a long history of mistrust in the Black community owing to experimentation and deception of research engagement. The study will be guided by a community advisory board (CAB) who will inform its design and implementation as well as engage in disseminating the results at community meetings to inform COVID-testing scale up.