cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644378.v1
title: Tolerance of melon cultivars to irrigation water salinity

description: ABSTRACT The use of saline water for irrigation causes severe restriction to nutritional balance, growth and production in many crops due to the effect of salts on plant and soil. The objective of this study was to investigate the response of melon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars to various levels of irrigation water salinity on yield and fruit quality. A field experiment was conducted in a split-plot randomized block design with four replicates. The factors were five levels of irrigation water salinity (0.54, 1.48, 2.02, 3.03 and 3.90 dS m-1) in the plots and five melon cultivars (C1 - Sancho - Pele de sapo; C2 - Medellín - Pele de sapo; C3 - Mandacaru - Canary; C4 - Néctar - Galia; C5 - Sedna - Cantaloupe) in the sub-plots. According to the results, among the five genotypes studied, Sancho was the most salt-tolerant genotype, followed by Mandacaru, Medellín, Sedna and Néctar. Since irrigation water salinity did not influence the mean fruit weight, the reduction in the number of fruits was the main cause of yield reduction of the melon crop under high salinity water. The contents of total soluble solids increased under high salinity level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644375
title: Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of Moringa oleifera under semi-arid conditions in Pernambuco

description: ABSTRACT Efficient water use in agriculture is fundamental, especially in semi-arid regions where water scarcity is intense. The aim of this study was to estimate water requirements and crop coefficients in the different phenological stages of Moringa oleifera. The experiment was carried out from February to April 2015 at the Experimental Unit for Reuse and Hydrological Management, located in Mutuca, PE (7º 15’ 18’’ S, 35º 52’’ 40’’ W, 550 m). A lysimeter was used to estimate crop evapotranspiration. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by indirect methods. In the lysimeter, soil salinity and leaf water potential of the crop were monitored. The direct and indirect methods presented an excellent performance compared with the standard grass-lysimeter, especially Hargreaves-Samani, which presented a remarkable result for the study area. Crop coefficients (Kc) ranged from 0.73 to 1.73 in the different phenological stages. Moringa crop evapotranspiration (ETc) exhibited temporal variations, with a cumulative rate of 139.8 mm, for a cumulative reference evapotranspiration of 130.97 mm. Moringa plants showed slight water restriction, at the times of lower solar radiation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644375.v1
title: Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients of Moringa oleifera under semi-arid conditions in Pernambuco

description: ABSTRACT Efficient water use in agriculture is fundamental, especially in semi-arid regions where water scarcity is intense. The aim of this study was to estimate water requirements and crop coefficients in the different phenological stages of Moringa oleifera. The experiment was carried out from February to April 2015 at the Experimental Unit for Reuse and Hydrological Management, located in Mutuca, PE (7º 15’ 18’’ S, 35º 52’’ 40’’ W, 550 m). A lysimeter was used to estimate crop evapotranspiration. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by indirect methods. In the lysimeter, soil salinity and leaf water potential of the crop were monitored. The direct and indirect methods presented an excellent performance compared with the standard grass-lysimeter, especially Hargreaves-Samani, which presented a remarkable result for the study area. Crop coefficients (Kc) ranged from 0.73 to 1.73 in the different phenological stages. Moringa crop evapotranspiration (ETc) exhibited temporal variations, with a cumulative rate of 139.8 mm, for a cumulative reference evapotranspiration of 130.97 mm. Moringa plants showed slight water restriction, at the times of lower solar radiation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644372
title: The Lubricity Analysis of Cutting Fluid Emulsions

description: The new generation of cutting fluids should have some characteristics, such as low toxicity and biodegradability. A bio-cutting fluid emulsion are an excellent option because they present those properties, as well as good mechanical performance. The present study aims to investigate the lubricity of O/W emulsions (cutting fluid emulsion), varying the concentration of anionic surfactant (1%, 2.5% and 5%) and epoxidized oil (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% e 25%). A sunflower oil was chemically modified by epoxidation reaction, then its viscosity, iodine and oxirane index, density, and acidity were characterized. The performances of the emulsions were evaluated using a tribometer HFRR (High Frequency Reciprocating Rig), under hydrodynamic lubrication conditions. The ball wear scars were analyzed using an optical microscopy. The results showed that a low concentration of surfactant promote friction and wear reduction. Based on the tribological performance, the emulsions with 5% and 10% of epoxidized oil are more suitable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644372.v1
title: The Lubricity Analysis of Cutting Fluid Emulsions

description: The new generation of cutting fluids should have some characteristics, such as low toxicity and biodegradability. A bio-cutting fluid emulsion are an excellent option because they present those properties, as well as good mechanical performance. The present study aims to investigate the lubricity of O/W emulsions (cutting fluid emulsion), varying the concentration of anionic surfactant (1%, 2.5% and 5%) and epoxidized oil (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% e 25%). A sunflower oil was chemically modified by epoxidation reaction, then its viscosity, iodine and oxirane index, density, and acidity were characterized. The performances of the emulsions were evaluated using a tribometer HFRR (High Frequency Reciprocating Rig), under hydrodynamic lubrication conditions. The ball wear scars were analyzed using an optical microscopy. The results showed that a low concentration of surfactant promote friction and wear reduction. Based on the tribological performance, the emulsions with 5% and 10% of epoxidized oil are more suitable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644369
title: BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM DAIRY CATTLE MANURE, UNDER ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

description: ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the production of biogas, as well as the biogas production potential resulting from the anaerobic biodigestion of dairy cattle manure under organic (CMOS) and conventional (CMCS) production system. Also, the concentration of thermotolerant coliforms was evaluated after the biodigestion process. Therefore, bench biodigesters prototypes were supplied with CMOS and CMCS for 30 weeks. The experimental design was completely randomized with four repetitions for each treatment. Analysis of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), biogas production potential, most probable number (MPN) of thermotolerant coliforms were made. The cumulative biogas production was 6.18 L and 11.15 L, when using the CMOS and CMCS, respectively. Average biogas production potential of CMCS were 0.2; 2.6 and 2.9 L kg-1 substrate, ST and SV added, respectively and for CMOS 0.1; 1.4 and 1.9 L kg-1substrate, ST and SV added, respectively. After the anaerobic biodigestion process of CMOS and CMCS, it was observed that the concentrations of thermotolerant coliforms were well below than the limit established by law.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644366
title: Where is sugarcane cropping expanding in the brazilian cerrado, and why? A case study

description: ABSTRACT Sugarcane growing area in Brazil sharply expanded between 2000 and 2010 due to the increasing world demand for sugar and ethanol. Since this expansion of sugarcane is said to occur in areas covered by degraded pastures, it is likely not threatening the environment or food production. In order to verify this assumption, we investigate at farm and field levels which types of land use sugarcane cropping replaced between 2005 and 2010 and the reasons for farmers shifting or not shifting to sugarcane, as a case study in two counties in the state of Goiás. Within the studied period, sugarcane cropping expansion was related to large farms, lower risk perceived by farmers, and higher profitability compared with soybean and beef cattle-raising. For smallholders, particularly dairy farmers, the need to comply with the set-aside rules under Brazilian Forest Code (Código Florestal Brasileiro) made a shift to sugarcane less attractive, as it would have forced them to reduce farm cultivable area, with loss of incomes. From 30,408 ha under sugarcane surveyed, 45.7% had used to be pastures, 31% had previously been pastures rotated with soybean and maize, and 23.3% had been cropped exclusively with soybean or maize.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644366.v1
title: Where is sugarcane cropping expanding in the brazilian cerrado, and why? A case study

description: ABSTRACT Sugarcane growing area in Brazil sharply expanded between 2000 and 2010 due to the increasing world demand for sugar and ethanol. Since this expansion of sugarcane is said to occur in areas covered by degraded pastures, it is likely not threatening the environment or food production. In order to verify this assumption, we investigate at farm and field levels which types of land use sugarcane cropping replaced between 2005 and 2010 and the reasons for farmers shifting or not shifting to sugarcane, as a case study in two counties in the state of Goiás. Within the studied period, sugarcane cropping expansion was related to large farms, lower risk perceived by farmers, and higher profitability compared with soybean and beef cattle-raising. For smallholders, particularly dairy farmers, the need to comply with the set-aside rules under Brazilian Forest Code (Código Florestal Brasileiro) made a shift to sugarcane less attractive, as it would have forced them to reduce farm cultivable area, with loss of incomes. From 30,408 ha under sugarcane surveyed, 45.7% had used to be pastures, 31% had previously been pastures rotated with soybean and maize, and 23.3% had been cropped exclusively with soybean or maize.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644363
title: Production and characterization of nanocapsules encapsulated linalool by ionic gelation method using chitosan as wall material

description: Abstract Linalool has been extensively applied in various fields, such as flavoring agent, perfumes, cosmetics and medical science. However, linalool is unstable, volatile and readily oxidizable. A sensitive substance can be encapsulated in a capsule, so encapsulation technology can solve these problems. In this paper, linalool-loaded nanocapsules (Lin-nanocapsules) were prepared via the ionic gelation method and Lin-nanocapsules were characterized. The results of Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that linalool was successfully encapsulated in the wall materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results demonstrated that the shapes of Lin-nanocapsules, with smooth surfaces, were nearly spherical. Lin-nanocapsule average particle size was 352 nm and its polydispersity index (PDI) was proved to be 0.214 by the results of dynamic light scattering (DLC). Thermogravimetric results indicated that linalool loading capacity (LC) was 15.17%, and encapsulation could decrease linalool release and increase linalool retaining time under the high temperature. Oscillatory shear and steady-state shear measurements of Lin-nanocapsule emulsions were systematically investigated. The results of steady-state shear showed that Lin-nanocapsule emulsion, which was Newtonian only for high shear rate, was non-Newtonian. It was proved by oscillatory shear that when oscillation frequency changed from low to high, Lin-nanocapsules emulsion changed from viscous into elastic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644363.v1
title: Production and characterization of nanocapsules encapsulated linalool by ionic gelation method using chitosan as wall material

description: Abstract Linalool has been extensively applied in various fields, such as flavoring agent, perfumes, cosmetics and medical science. However, linalool is unstable, volatile and readily oxidizable. A sensitive substance can be encapsulated in a capsule, so encapsulation technology can solve these problems. In this paper, linalool-loaded nanocapsules (Lin-nanocapsules) were prepared via the ionic gelation method and Lin-nanocapsules were characterized. The results of Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that linalool was successfully encapsulated in the wall materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results demonstrated that the shapes of Lin-nanocapsules, with smooth surfaces, were nearly spherical. Lin-nanocapsule average particle size was 352 nm and its polydispersity index (PDI) was proved to be 0.214 by the results of dynamic light scattering (DLC). Thermogravimetric results indicated that linalool loading capacity (LC) was 15.17%, and encapsulation could decrease linalool release and increase linalool retaining time under the high temperature. Oscillatory shear and steady-state shear measurements of Lin-nanocapsule emulsions were systematically investigated. The results of steady-state shear showed that Lin-nanocapsule emulsion, which was Newtonian only for high shear rate, was non-Newtonian. It was proved by oscillatory shear that when oscillation frequency changed from low to high, Lin-nanocapsules emulsion changed from viscous into elastic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644360
title: Object-based change detection using semivariogram indices derived from NDVI images: The environmental disaster in Mariana, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Object-based change detection is a powerful analysis tool for remote sensing data, but few studies consider the potential of temporal semivariogram indices for mapping land-cover changes using object-based approaches. In this study, we explored and evaluated the performance of semivariogram indices calculated from remote sensing imagery, using the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) to detect changes in spatial features related to land cover caused by a disastrous 2015 dam failure in Brazil’s Mariana district. We calculated the NDVI from Landsat 8 images acquired before and after the disaster, then created objects by multiresolution segmentation analysis based on post-disaster images. Experimental semivariograms were computed within the image objects and semivariogram indices were calculated and selected by principal component analysis. We used the selected indices as input data to a support vector machine algorithm for classifying change and no-change classes. The selected semivariogram indices showed their effectiveness as input data for object-based change detection analysis, producing highly accurate maps of areas affected by post-dam-failure flooding in the region. This approach can be used in many other contexts for rapid and accurate assessment of such land-cover changes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644360.v1
title: Object-based change detection using semivariogram indices derived from NDVI images: The environmental disaster in Mariana, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Object-based change detection is a powerful analysis tool for remote sensing data, but few studies consider the potential of temporal semivariogram indices for mapping land-cover changes using object-based approaches. In this study, we explored and evaluated the performance of semivariogram indices calculated from remote sensing imagery, using the Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) to detect changes in spatial features related to land cover caused by a disastrous 2015 dam failure in Brazil’s Mariana district. We calculated the NDVI from Landsat 8 images acquired before and after the disaster, then created objects by multiresolution segmentation analysis based on post-disaster images. Experimental semivariograms were computed within the image objects and semivariogram indices were calculated and selected by principal component analysis. We used the selected indices as input data to a support vector machine algorithm for classifying change and no-change classes. The selected semivariogram indices showed their effectiveness as input data for object-based change detection analysis, producing highly accurate maps of areas affected by post-dam-failure flooding in the region. This approach can be used in many other contexts for rapid and accurate assessment of such land-cover changes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644357
title: Morphological affinities of Homo naledi with other Plio-Pleistocene hominins: a phenetic approach

description: ABSTRACT Recent fossil material found in Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa, was initially described as a new species of genus Homo, namely Homo naledi. The original study of this new material has pointed to a close proximity with Homo erectus. More recent investigations have, to some extent, confirmed this assignment. Here we present a phenetic analysis based on dentocranial metric variables through Principal Components Analysis and Cluster Analysis based on these fossils and other Plio-Pleistocene hominins. Our results concur that the Dinaledi fossil hominins pertain to genus Homo. However, in our case, their nearest neighbors are Homo habilis and Australopithecus sediba. We suggest that Homo naledi is in fact a South African version of Homo habilis, and not a new species. This can also be applied to Australopithecus sediba.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644354
title: In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of polyphenol extracted from black garlic

description: Abstract This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of polyphenol extracted from black garlic. Black garlic polyphenol (BGP) was extracted from black garlic. The in vitro antioxidant activities of BGP were determined using DPPH·, OH and O2– radical scavenging assays. The in vivo antioxidant activities were determined by detecting the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in mice. Results showed that, the DPPH· radical inhibition rate of 200 and 250 μg/mL BGP was equivalent with Vc (P &gt; 0.05). With concentration of 400 and 500 μg/mL, the OH radical inhibition rate of BGP was slightly lower than Vc (P &gt; 0.05). The O2– radical inhibition rates of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 μg/mL BGP were significantly lower than Vc (P &lt; 0.05). In the groups treated with BGP with suitable dose, the serum MDA content was significantly decreased compared with model group (P &lt; 0.05), and the serum SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05). BGP has obvious DPPH· and ·OH radical scavenging activities, and can significantly decrease the serum MDA content in mice with oxidative damage, and increase the serum SOD and GSH-Px activities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644354.v1
title: In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of polyphenol extracted from black garlic

description: Abstract This study investigated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of polyphenol extracted from black garlic. Black garlic polyphenol (BGP) was extracted from black garlic. The in vitro antioxidant activities of BGP were determined using DPPH·, OH and O2– radical scavenging assays. The in vivo antioxidant activities were determined by detecting the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in mice. Results showed that, the DPPH· radical inhibition rate of 200 and 250 μg/mL BGP was equivalent with Vc (P &gt; 0.05). With concentration of 400 and 500 μg/mL, the OH radical inhibition rate of BGP was slightly lower than Vc (P &gt; 0.05). The O2– radical inhibition rates of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 μg/mL BGP were significantly lower than Vc (P &lt; 0.05). In the groups treated with BGP with suitable dose, the serum MDA content was significantly decreased compared with model group (P &lt; 0.05), and the serum SOD and GSH-Px activities were significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05). BGP has obvious DPPH· and ·OH radical scavenging activities, and can significantly decrease the serum MDA content in mice with oxidative damage, and increase the serum SOD and GSH-Px activities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644348
title: Influence of the Tungsten Content on Surface Properties of Electroless Ni-W-P Coatings

description: Ternary Ni-W-P films were produced by electroless deposition using baths with different tungsten concentrations. After deposition, the coated surfaces were annealed at 400°C for 1h. Surface morphology and film composition in the as-plated condition were assessed by SEM and EDS analyses, respectively. The crystalline phases after annealing were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Nanoindentation tests were performed to assess the mechanical properties of the deposited films. Surface roughness was determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Friction coefficient was evaluated by reciprocating were tests in a nanotribometer. The corrosion behavior was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization curves. The results showed that the surface morphology, crystallization behavior and corrosion resistance were affected by the tungsten content in the film. The best corrosion performance was obtained for the ternary films after annealing. Hardness, surface roughness and friction coefficient were dependent of the tungsten concentration in the film.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5644348.v1
title: Influence of the Tungsten Content on Surface Properties of Electroless Ni-W-P Coatings

description: Ternary Ni-W-P films were produced by electroless deposition using baths with different tungsten concentrations. After deposition, the coated surfaces were annealed at 400°C for 1h. Surface morphology and film composition in the as-plated condition were assessed by SEM and EDS analyses, respectively. The crystalline phases after annealing were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Nanoindentation tests were performed to assess the mechanical properties of the deposited films. Surface roughness was determined by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Friction coefficient was evaluated by reciprocating were tests in a nanotribometer. The corrosion behavior was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization curves. The results showed that the surface morphology, crystallization behavior and corrosion resistance were affected by the tungsten content in the film. The best corrosion performance was obtained for the ternary films after annealing. Hardness, surface roughness and friction coefficient were dependent of the tungsten concentration in the film.