DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p1j7n43
title: Data from: Meta‐analysis of chromosome‐scale crossover rate variation in eukaryotes and its significance to evolutionary genomics

description: Understanding the distribution of crossovers along chromosomes is crucial
 to evolutionary genomics because the crossover rate determines how
 strongly a genome region is influenced by natural selection. Nevertheless,
 generalities in the chromosome-scale distribution of crossovers have not
 been investigated formally. We fill this gap by synthesizing joint
 information on genetic and physical maps across 62 animal, plant, and
 fungal species. Our quantitative analysis reveals a strong and
 taxonomically wide-spread reduction of the crossover rate in the center of
 chromosomes relative to their peripheries. We demonstrate that this
 pattern is poorly explained by the position of the centromere, but find
 that the magnitude of the relative reduction in the crossover rate in
 chromosome centers increases with chromosome length. That is, long
 chromosomes often display a dramatically low crossover rate in their
 center whereas short chromosomes exhibit a relatively homogeneous
 crossover rate. This observation is compatible with a model in which
 crossovers are initiated from the chromosome tips, an idea with
 preliminary support from mechanistic investigations of meiotic
 recombination. Consequently, we show that organisms achieve a higher
 genome-wide crossover rate by evolving smaller chromosomes. Summarizing
 theory and providing empirical examples, we finally highlight that
 taxonomically wide-spread and systematic heterogeneity in crossover rate
 along chromosomes generates predictable broad-scale trends in genetic
 diversity and population differentiation by modifying the impact of
 natural selection among regions within a genome. We conclude by
 emphasizing that chromosome-scale heterogeneity in crossover rate should
 urgently be incorporated into analytical tools in evolutionary genomics,
 and in the interpretation of emerging patterns.
description: Raw recombination
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