cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8r36rp3
title: Data from: A lateral flow strip based on gold nanoparticles to detect 6-monoacetylmorphine in oral fluid

description: We used lateral flow strips (LFS) based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to
 detect 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM; heroin’s unique metabolite) in oral
 fluid samples. In this competitive lateral chromatographic immunoassay,
 the 6-MAM was chemically synthesized and conjugated to bovine serum
 albumin (BSA). The results were qualitatively detected via the color
 change of the test line. By using a proper sample pad, a suitable NC
 membrane and a customized sponge device adsorbed the oral fluid directly
 from mouth, and total test time was 3 minutes. The sensitivity of the
 assay was 4.0 ng ml-1 without any cross-reactivity with ten normal drugs,
 which are widely subject to abuse, including morphine and codeine. This
 test could be easily used on site to detect heroin in oral fluid, and it
 could be a promising product in the future including for driving under the
 influence.
description: The coupling
 identification of 6-MAM-BSABecause of the positive
 results obtained with morphine immunoassay strips for the detection of
 6-MAM, coupling buffers and coupled proteins gave negative results, so the
 results of the coupling assay were identified using this
 method.DRYAD.tif
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qb509
title: Data from: Patterns of physiological decline due to age and selection in Drosophila melanogaster

description: In outbred sexually reproducing populations, age-specific mortality rates
 reach a plateau in late life following the exponential increase in
 mortality rates that marks aging. Little is known about what happens to
 physiology when cohorts transition from aging to late life. We measured
 age-specific values for starvation resistance, desiccation resistance,
 time-in-motion and geotaxis in ten Drosophila melanogaster populations:
 five populations selected for rapid development and five control
 populations. Adulthood was divided into two stages, the aging phase and
 the late-life phase according to demographic data. Consistent with
 previous studies, we found that populations selected for rapid development
 entered the late-life phase at an earlier age than the controls.
 Age-specific rates of change for all physiological phenotypes showed
 differences between the aging phase and the late-life phase. This result
 suggests that late life is physiologically distinct from aging. The ages
 of transitions in physiological characteristics from aging to late life
 statistically match the age at which the demographic transition from aging
 to late life occurs, in all cases but one. These experimental results
 support evolutionary theories of late life that depend on patterns of
 decline and stabilization in the forces of natural selection.
description: physio decline
 dataThis file has the raw
 data for the five ACO and five CO populations and their measured (I)
 desiccation resistance, (ii) starvation resistance, (iii) time-in-motion,
 (iv) geotaxis, and (V) mortality.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.22jr6
title: Data from: Thermodynamic constraints on the utility of ecological stoichiometry for explaining global biogeochemical patterns

description: Carbon and nitrogen cycles are coupled through both stoichiometric
 requirements for microbial biomass and dissimilatory metabolic processes
 in which microbes catalyse reduction-oxidation reactions. Here, we
 integrate stoichiometric theory and thermodynamic principles to explain
 the commonly observed trade-off between high nitrate and high organic
 carbon concentrations, and the even stronger trade-off between high
 nitrate and high ammonium concentrations, across a wide range of aquatic
 ecosystems. Our results suggest these relationships are the emergent
 properties of both microbial biomass stoichiometry and the availability of
 terminal electron acceptors. Because elements with multiple oxidation
 states (i.e. nitrogen, manganese, iron and sulphur) serve as both
 nutrients and sources of chemical energy in reduced environments, both
 assimilative demand and dissimilatory uses determine their concentrations
 across broad spatial gradients. Conceptual and quantitative models that
 integrate rather than independently examine thermodynamic, stoichiometric
 and evolutionary controls on biogeochemical cycling are essential for
 understanding local to global biogeochemical patterns.
description: Helton2015FinalDatasetData used in the analysis is available as a single merged, comma delimited text file with the following data columns: 1.NO3: nitrate concentrations (mg N L-1) 2.NH4: ammonium concentrations (mg N L-1) 3.DOC: dissolved or total organic carbon concentrations (mg C L-1) 4.Redox: Redox potential (mV) 5.DO: Dissolved oxygen concentration (mg L-1) 6.Data Source: indicated by number, source citation and description provided in the Supplemental Material. 7. System: Streams & Rivers, Groundwaters, Lakes, Wetland surface waters, wetland soil solution
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tm575v4
title: Data from: Non-native insects dominate daytime pollination in a high-elevation Hawaiian dryland ecosystem

description: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Over one-third of the native flowering plant species
 in the Hawaiian Islands are listed as federally Threatened or Endangered.
 Lack of sufficient pollination could contribute to reductions in
 populations, reproduction, and genetic diversity among these species, but
 has been little studied. METHODS: We used systematic observations and
 manual flower treatments to quantify flower visitation and outcrossing
 dependency of eight native (including four Endangered) plant species in a
 dryland ecosystem in Hawaii: Argemone glauca, Bidens menziesii, Dubautia
 linearis, Haplostachys haplostachya, Sida fallax, Silene lanceolata,
 Stenogyne angustifolia, Tetramolopium arenarium. KEY RESULTS: During
 576.36 hours of flower observations, only insects visited the flowers. Out
 of all recorded flower visits, 85% were performed by non-native species,
 particularly honeybee (Apis mellifera) and flies in the family Syrphidae.
 Some plant species received little visitation (e.g., S. angustifolia
 received one visit in 120 observation hours), while others were visited by
 a wide diversity of insects. The Endangered plant species were visited by
 fewer visitor taxa than were the common native plant species. For six of
 the focal plant species, bagging of flowers to exclude pollinators
 resulted in significant reductions in seed set. CONCLUSIONS: The flower
 visitor community in this system, although heavily dominated by non-native
 insects, appears to be facilitating pollination for multiple plant
 species. Non-native insects may thus be sustaining biotic interactions
 otherwise threatened with disruption in this island ecosystem. This may be
 particularly important for the studied Endangered plant species, which
 exhibit fewer partners than the more common plant species. In compliance
 with data protection regulations, please contact the publication office if
 you would like to have your personal information removed from the
 database.
description: Raw data from flower
 visitation observationsRaw data from flower
 visitation observations performed in a high-elevation dryland ecosystem on
 Hawaii Island from March 2015-May 2016.Pollination visitation obs for
 dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8v70v
title: Data from: Disentangling density-dependent dynamics using full annual cycle models and Bayesian model weight updating

description: Density dependence regulates populations of many species across all
 taxonomic groups. Understanding density dependence is vital for predicting
 the effects of climate, habitat loss and/or management actions on wild
 populations. Migratory species likely experience seasonal changes in the
 relative influence of density dependence on population processes such as
 survival and recruitment throughout the annual cycle. These effects must
 be accounted for when characterizing migratory populations via population
 models. To evaluate effects of density on seasonal survival and
 recruitment of a migratory species, we used an existing full annual cycle
 model framework for American black ducks Anas rubripes, and tested
 different density effects (including no effects) on survival and
 recruitment. We then used a Bayesian model weight updating routine to
 determine which population model best fit observed breeding population
 survey data between 1990 and 2014. The models that best fit the survey
 data suggested that survival and recruitment were affected by density
 dependence and that density effects were stronger on adult survival during
 the breeding season than during the non-breeding season. Analysis also
 suggests that regulation of survival and recruitment by density varied
 over time. Our results showed that different characterizations of density
 regulations changed every 8–12 years (three times in the 25-year period)
 for our population. Synthesis and applications. Using a full annual cycle,
 modelling framework and model weighting routine will be helpful in
 evaluating density dependence for migratory species in both the short and
 long term. We used this method to disentangle the seasonal effects of
 density on the continental American black duck population which will allow
 managers to better evaluate the effects of habitat loss and potential
 habitat management actions throughout the annual cycle. The method here
 may allow researchers to hone in on the proper form and/or strength of
 density dependence for use in models for conservation recommendations.
description: BPOP_summaryBlack duck breeding population estimates used in the analysis.Code for Combined SurvivalExecutes the first analysis described in the paper. Compares models with differing annual density dependent parameters.Code for Split SurvivalExecutes the second analysis described in the paper. Compares models with differing seasonal density dependent parameters.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3hq09
title: Data from: International Atomic Energy Agency survey study with referring physicians on patient radiation exposure and its tracking: A prospective survey using a web based questionnaire

description: OBJECTIVES: To assess the following themes among referring physicians: A.
 Importance of acquiring information about previous diagnostic exposures;
 B. Knowledge about radiation doses involved, familiarity with radiation
 units and, age related radiosensitivity; C. Opinion on whether patients
 should be provided information about radiation dose; and, D.
 Self-assessment of appropriateness of referrals. DESIGN: A prospective
 survey using a web based questionnaire. SETTING: International survey
 among referring physicians. PARTICIPANTS: Referring physicians from 28
 countries. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Knowledge, opinion and practice of the
 four themes of the survey. RESULTS: 728 responses from 28 countries (52.3%
 from developed and 47.7% from developing countries) indicated that while
 the vast majority (71.7%) of physicians feel that being aware of previous
 history of CT scans would always or mostly lead them to a better decision
 on referring patients for CT scans, only 43.4% often enquire about it. The
 majority of referring physicians (60.5%) stated that having a system that
 provides quick information about patient exposure history would be useful.
 The knowledge about radiation doses involved is poor, as only one-third
 (34.7%) of respondents chose the correct option of the number of chest
 x-rays with equivalence of a CT scan. 70.9% of physicians stated that they
 do not feel uncomfortable when patients ask about radiation risk from CT
 scans they prescribe. Most physicians (85.6%) assessed that they have
 rarely prescribed CT scans of no clinical use in patient management.
 CONCLUSIONS: This first ever multi-national survey among referring
 physicians from 28 countries indicates support for a system that provides
 radiation exposure history of the patient, demonstrates poor knowledge
 about radiation doses, supports radiation risk communication with patients
 and, mandatory provisions for justification of a CT examination.
description: De-identified_spreadsheetExcel file containing original detailed data obtained through survey
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.269gp
title: Data from: Multivariate heredity of melanin-based coloration, body mass and immunity

description: The genetic covariation among different traits may cause the appearance of
 correlated response to selection on multivariate phenotypes. Genes
 responsible for the expression of melanin-based color traits are also
 involved in other important physiological functions such as immunity and
 metabolism by pleiotropy, suggesting the possibility of multivariate
 evolution. However, little is known about the relationship between melanin
 coloration and these functions at the additive genetic level in wild
 vertebrates. From a multivariate perspective, we simultaneously explored
 inheritance and selection of melanin coloration, body mass and
 phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-mediated immune response by using long-term data
 over an 18-year period collected in a wild population of the common
 kestrel Falco tinnunculus. Pedigree-based quantitative genetic analyses
 showed negative genetic covariance between melanin-based coloration and
 body mass in male adults and positive genetic covariance between body mass
 and PHA-mediated immune response in fledglings as predicted by pleiotropic
 effects of melanocortin receptor (MCR) activity. Multiple selection
 analyses showed an increased fitness in male adults with intermediate
 phenotypic values for melanin color and body mass. In male fledglings,
 there was evidence for a disruptive selection on rump grey color but a
 stabilizing selection on PHA-mediated immune response. Our results provide
 an insight into the evolution of multivariate traits genetically related
 with melanin-based coloration. The differences in multivariate inheritance
 and selection between male and female kestrels might have resulted in
 sexual dimorphism in size and color. When pleiotropic effects are present,
 coloration can evolve through a complex pathway involving correlated
 response to selection on multivariate traits.
description: Kim_et_al_(Heredity)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jj3tp
title: Data from: Early Jurassic Trochotomidae (Vetigastropoda, Pleurotomariodea) from the Neuquén Basin, Argentina

description: Trochotomidae is a small but distinctive extinct family of
 pleurotomarioidean gastropods characterized by trochiform shells with an
 elliptical trema. Two new species of trochotomids are described from
 Pliensbachian deposits in the Neuquén Basin, Argentina. The new
 genus-group name Placotoma is proposed to replace the pre-occupied name
 Discotoma Haber non Mulsant. The record of Trochotoma (Trochotoma)
 protonotialis new species and Trochotoma (Placotoma) neuquensis new
 species in the early Jurassic of Argentina extends the
 paleobiogeographical distribution of the genus (and the family) to the
 Southern Hemisphere. The new taxa reported here represent a component of
 the pleurotomarioidean adaptive radiation that took place in the Tethyan
 region during the earliest Jurassic. They are related to local patch coral
 reefs of shallow, open-marine paleoenvironments, agreeing with the known
 habitat of most species of this family. The group was well represented in
 the Tethyan region during the Mesozoic, especially during the Jurassic,
 and the new species represent its southernmost occurrence.
description: Ferrari
 etal-SupplMaterial
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.60q44
title: Data from: Implications for welfare, productivity and sustainability of the variation in reported levels of mortality for laying hen flocks kept in different housing systems: a meta-analysis of ten studies.

description: Data from ten sources comprising 3,851 flocks were modelled to identify
 variation in levels of mortality in laying hens. The predicted increase
 with age was curvilinear with significant variation between the seven
 breed categories. Mortality was higher in loose housing systems than in
 cages and variable within system, confirming previous reports. Cumulative
 mortality (CM) was higher in flocks with intact beaks (?2 = 6.03; df 1;
 p=0.014) than in those with trimmed beaks. Most data were available for
 free-range systems (2,823 flocks), where producer recorded CM at 60-80
 weeks of age averaged 10% but with a range from 0% to 69.3%. Life cycle
 assessment showed that the main effect of increased levels of hen
 mortality is to increase the relative contribution of breeding overheads,
 so increasing environmental burdens per unit of production. Reducing CM to
 levels currently achieved by the 1st quartile could reduce flock
 greenhouse gas emissions by as much as 25%. Concurrently this would
 enhance hen welfare and better meet the expectation of egg consumers. More
 research to understand the genetic x environment interaction and detailed
 records of the causes of mortality are required so that improved genotypes
 can be developed for different systems and different breeds can be better
 managed within systems.
description: Mortality data and
 associated variablesThis is an Excel (.xlsx)
 file derived from an Access database of cumulative mortality data
 collected in the field from farm records in the UK, Sweden and the
 Netherlands. Associated data include housing system, flock size and
 genotype. See Notes sheet for description of
 abbreviations.Mortality data
 PONE-D-15-27282.xlsxData used in the LCA
 analysis by Cranfield UniversityThe file describes the
 content, which includes tables of average growth and feed data for the
 breed B used in the models of the paper plus a table of average mortality
 data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v8hk0
title: Data from: InGaAs/InAlAs single photon avalanche diode for 1550 nm photons

description: A single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) with an InGaAs absorption region,
 and an InAlAs avalanche region was designed and demonstrated to detect
 1550 nm wavelength photons. The characterization included leakage current,
 dark count rate and single photon detection efficiency as functions of
 temperature from 210 to 294 K. The SPAD exhibited good temperature
 stability, with breakdown voltage dependence of approximately 45 mV K−1.
 Operating at 210 K and in a gated mode, the SPAD achieved a photon
 detection probability of 26% at 1550 nm with a dark count rate of
 1 × 108 Hz. The time response of the SPAD showed decreasing timing jitter
 (full width at half maximum) with increasing overbias voltage, with 70 ps
 being the smallest timing jitter measured.
description: Data
 file_29thJan16Experimental results
 from single photon avalanche photodiodes reported in the
 manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.33mb8
title: Data from: Timing and route of migration of mature female blue crabs in a tidal estuary

description: Information on migration patterns is critical to using no-take migratory
 corridors and marine reserves to protect the spawning stock of
 commercially exploited species. Both active and passive acoustic tracking
 methods quantified movement of commercially and ecologically important
 blue crabs in the White Oak River estuary, NC, USA. We targeted
 post-mating female crabs migrating down-estuary to oceanic spawning
 grounds. Crabs travelled approximately 14.1 km mainly in deeper channels
 and over 12–26 days from mating areas to spawning grounds. No crabs were
 detected migrating down-estuary in the autumn and only 30% were detected
 migrating down-estuary in spring. None of the crabs detected near spawning
 grounds were detected or recaptured back up-estuary, suggesting that they
 either (i) do not return to the estuary after a one to two week period in
 the spawning area or (ii) were captured by fishermen. The results from
 this study demonstrate that (1) acoustic transmitters coupled with passive
 acoustic receivers provided reliable and valuable data on migration
 patterns of mature female blue crabs and (2) mature female blue crabs are
 capable of migrating primarily within deep channels to spawning grounds
 shortly after insemination.
description: Blue Crab 2008 2009
 DataMovement data for blue
 crabs tagged with acoustic transmitters
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2q5h1
title: Data from: Does density influence relative growth performance of farm, wild, and F1 hybrid Atlantic salmon in semi-natural and hatchery common garden conditions?

description: The conditions encountered by Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in
 aquaculture are markedly different from the natural environment.
 Typically, farmed salmon experience much higher densities than wild
 individuals, and may therefore have adapted to living in high densities.
 Previous studies have demonstrated that farmed salmon typically outgrow
 wild salmon by large ratios in the hatchery, but these differences are
 much less pronounced in the wild. Such divergence in growth may be
 explained partly by the offspring of wild salmon experiencing higher
 stress and thus lower growth when compared under high-density farming
 conditions. Here, growth of farmed, wild and F1 hybrid salmon was studied
 at contrasting densities within a hatchery and semi-natural environment.
 Farmed salmon significantly outgrew hybrid and wild salmon in all
 treatments. Importantly, however, the reaction norms were similar across
 treatments for all groups. Thus, this study was unable to find evidence
 that the offspring of farmed salmon have adapted more readily to higher
 fish densities than wild salmon as a result of domestication. It is
 suggested that the substantially higher growth rate of farmed salmon
 observed in the hatchery compared with wild individuals may not solely be
 caused by differences in their ability to grow in high-density hatchery
 scenarios.
description: HARVEY et al 2016
 ROSraw data associated with
 the manuscriptgrowth and mort code
 simpleR script for the growth
 and mortality models
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hh14r
title: Data from: Postmating isolation and genetically variable host use in ecologically divergent host forms of Neochlamisus bebbianae leaf beetles

description: Ecological speciation studies have more thoroughly addressed premating
 than postmating reproductive isolation. This study examines multiple
 postmating barriers between host forms of Neochlamisus bebbianae leaf
 beetles that specialize on Acer versus Salix trees. We demonstrate cryptic
 isolation and reduced hybrid fitness via controlled matings of these host
 forms. These findings reveal host-associated postmating isolation,
 although a non-ecological, ‘intrinsic’ basis for these patterns cannot be
 ruled out. Host preference and performance results among cross types
 further suggest sex-linked maternal effects on these traits, while family
 effects indicate their genetic basis and associated variation. Genes of
 major effect appear to influence these traits. Together with previous
 findings of premating isolation and adaptive differentiation in sympatry,
 our results meet many assumptions of ‘speciation with gene flow’ models.
 Here, such gene flow is likely asymmetric, with consequences for the
 dynamics of future ecological divergence and potential ecological
 speciation of these host forms.
description: Egan_etal_JEB2011Data on the oviposition, egg hatch rates, offspring weight, offspring host preference and offspring host-associated performance resulting from experimental crosses of Salix (willow) and Acer (maple) host forms of Neochlamisus bebbianae leaf beetles.