cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388622.v1
title: Magnetic resonance imaging: dynamic contrast enhancement and diffusion-weighted imaging to identify malignant cervical lymph nodes

description: Abstract Objective: To examine the potential of two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques-dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-for the detection of malignant cervical lymph nodes. Materials and Methods: Using DCE and DWI, we evaluated 33 cervical lymph nodes. For the DCE technique, the maximum relative enhancement, relative enhancement, time to peak enhancement, wash-in rate, wash-out rate, brevity of enhancement, and area under the curve were calculated from a semi-quantitative analysis. For the DWI technique, apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) were acquired in the region of interest of each lymph node. Cystic or necrotic parts were excluded. All patients underwent neck dissection or node biopsy. Imaging results were correlated with the histopathological findings. None of the patients underwent neoadjuvant treatment before neck dissection. Results: Relative enhancement, maximum relative enhancement, and the wash-in rate were significantly higher in malignant lymph nodes than in benign lymph nodes (p &lt; 0.009; p &lt; 0.05; and p &lt; 0.03, respectively). The time to peak enhancement was significantly shorter in the malignant lymph nodes (p &lt; 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, the variables identified as being the most capable of distinguishing between benign and malignant lymph nodes were time to peak enhancement (sensitivity, 73.7%; specificity, 69.2%) and relative enhancement (sensitivity, 89.2%; specificity, 69.2%). Conclusion: Although DCE was able to differentiate between benign and malignant lymph nodes, there is still no consensus regarding the use of a semi-quantitative analysis, which is difficult to apply in a clinical setting. Low ADCs can predict metastatic disease, although inflammatory processes might lead to false-positive results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388619
title: Hemolytic, anticancer and antigiardial activity of Palythoa caribaeorum venom

description: Abstract Background Cnidarian venoms and extracts have shown a broad variety of biological activities including cytotoxic, antibacterial and antitumoral effects. Most of these studied extracts were obtained from sea anemones or jellyfish. The present study aimed to determine the toxic activity and assess the antitumor and antiparasitic potential of Palythoa caribaeorum venom by evaluating its in vitro toxicity on several models including human tumor cell lines and against the parasite Giardia intestinalis. Methods The presence of cytolysins and vasoconstrictor activity of P. caribaeorum venom were determined by hemolysis, PLA2 and isolated rat aortic ring assays, respectively. The cytotoxic effect was tested on HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (human mammary adenocarcinoma), K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia), U251 (human glyoblastoma), PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma) and SKLU-1 (human lung adenocarcinoma). An in vivo toxicity assay was performed with crickets and the antiparasitic assay was performed against G. intestinalis at 24 h of incubation. Results P. caribaeorum venom produced hemolytic and PLA2 activity and showed specific cytotoxicity against U251 and SKLU-1 cell lines, with approximately 50% growing inhibition. The venom was toxic to insects and showed activity against G. intestinalis in a dose-dependent manner by possibly altering its membrane osmotic equilibrium. Conclusion These results suggest that P. caribaeorum venom contains compounds with potential therapeutic value against microorganisms and cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388619.v1
title: Hemolytic, anticancer and antigiardial activity of Palythoa caribaeorum venom

description: Abstract Background Cnidarian venoms and extracts have shown a broad variety of biological activities including cytotoxic, antibacterial and antitumoral effects. Most of these studied extracts were obtained from sea anemones or jellyfish. The present study aimed to determine the toxic activity and assess the antitumor and antiparasitic potential of Palythoa caribaeorum venom by evaluating its in vitro toxicity on several models including human tumor cell lines and against the parasite Giardia intestinalis. Methods The presence of cytolysins and vasoconstrictor activity of P. caribaeorum venom were determined by hemolysis, PLA2 and isolated rat aortic ring assays, respectively. The cytotoxic effect was tested on HCT-15 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma), MCF-7 (human mammary adenocarcinoma), K562 (human chronic myelogenous leukemia), U251 (human glyoblastoma), PC-3 (human prostatic adenocarcinoma) and SKLU-1 (human lung adenocarcinoma). An in vivo toxicity assay was performed with crickets and the antiparasitic assay was performed against G. intestinalis at 24 h of incubation. Results P. caribaeorum venom produced hemolytic and PLA2 activity and showed specific cytotoxicity against U251 and SKLU-1 cell lines, with approximately 50% growing inhibition. The venom was toxic to insects and showed activity against G. intestinalis in a dose-dependent manner by possibly altering its membrane osmotic equilibrium. Conclusion These results suggest that P. caribaeorum venom contains compounds with potential therapeutic value against microorganisms and cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388616
title: MORPHOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY AND LEXICAL PROCESSING COSTS

description: ABSTRACT Although many words are formed by more than one morphological constituent, not all of them are complex words. In the framework of morphological analysis, the term ‘complex word’ usually sets apart words formed by a root, a stem index and inflectional affixes, from words formed by derivation, modification or compounding. This distinction is quite simplistic since all words display a certain degree of complexity. In the literature, there are abundant claims that morphological structure plays an important role in word processing, but the level of morphological complexity is never taken into account. In this paper, we will try to contribute to the discussion of the role of morphological structure for written word processing, namely by taking into consideration the level of morphological complexity of a particular set of Portuguese derived words. We will look at the results of a priming experiment involving a lexical decision task on three sets of derivatives in -oso: the first set is formed by compositional structures; in the second, we have included words that display an allomorph of the suffix (i.e. –oso ~ –uoso); and, in the third set, we gathered words that make use of an allomorphic base. The results of this experiment confirm that derived word processing is sensitive to the morphological structure of the word and they also show that compositional structures involve lower processing costs. Hence, these results allow us to claim that the degree of morphological complexity of complex words needs to be considered for the study of written word processing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388616.v1
title: MORPHOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY AND LEXICAL PROCESSING COSTS

description: ABSTRACT Although many words are formed by more than one morphological constituent, not all of them are complex words. In the framework of morphological analysis, the term ‘complex word’ usually sets apart words formed by a root, a stem index and inflectional affixes, from words formed by derivation, modification or compounding. This distinction is quite simplistic since all words display a certain degree of complexity. In the literature, there are abundant claims that morphological structure plays an important role in word processing, but the level of morphological complexity is never taken into account. In this paper, we will try to contribute to the discussion of the role of morphological structure for written word processing, namely by taking into consideration the level of morphological complexity of a particular set of Portuguese derived words. We will look at the results of a priming experiment involving a lexical decision task on three sets of derivatives in -oso: the first set is formed by compositional structures; in the second, we have included words that display an allomorph of the suffix (i.e. –oso ~ –uoso); and, in the third set, we gathered words that make use of an allomorphic base. The results of this experiment confirm that derived word processing is sensitive to the morphological structure of the word and they also show that compositional structures involve lower processing costs. Hence, these results allow us to claim that the degree of morphological complexity of complex words needs to be considered for the study of written word processing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388613
title: Suspicious amorphous microcalcifications detected on full-field digital mammography: correlation with histopathology

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate suspicious amorphous calcifications diagnosed on full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and establish correlations with histopathology findings. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 78 suspicious amorphous calcifications (all classified as BI-RADS® 4) detected on FFDM. Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) was performed. The histopathological classification of VABB core samples was as follows: pB2 (benign); pB3 (uncertain malignant potential); pB4 (suspicion of malignancy); and pB5 (malignant). Treatment was recommended for pB5 lesions. To rule out malignancy, surgical excision was recommended for pB3 and pB4 lesions. Patients not submitted to surgery were followed for at least 6 months. Results: Among the 78 amorphous calcifications evaluated, the histopathological analysis indicated that 8 (10.3%) were malignant/suspicious (6 classified as pB5 and 2 classified as pB4) and 36 (46.2%) were benign (classified as pB2). The remaining 34 lesions (43.6%) were classified as pB3: 33.3% were precursor lesions (atypical ductal hyperplasia, lobular neoplasia, or flat epithelial atypia) and 10.3% were high-risk lesions. For the pB3 lesions, the underestimation rate was zero. Conclusion: The diagnosis of precursor lesions (excluding atypical ductal hyperplasia, which can be pB4 depending on the severity and extent of the lesion) should not necessarily be considered indicative of underestimation of malignancy. Suspicious amorphous calcifications correlated more often with precursor lesions than with malignant lesions, at a ratio of 3:1.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388610
title: Birth month distribution and anthropometric measures of U-15 national elite soccer players

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the birth month distribution and anthropometric measurements of U-15 elite soccer players. The sample consisted of 400 athletes (15.4 ± 0.4 years, 171.0 ± 10.6 cm and 63.0 ± 8.8 kg) participants of the 11th edition of the Brazil U-15 Soccer Cup, who had their birth month information and height and body mass measures obtained from data available on the organization’s website. Athletes were separated according to the categorization of chronological age into four-month periods: 1st quarter (1st QDT), athletes born between January and April; 2nd quarter (2nd QDT), those born between May and August, and 3rd quarter (3rd QDT), those born between September and December. The non-parametric chi-square test (X2) was used to analyze the possible differences between observed and expected birth date distributions in the four-month periods. The significance level was P&lt;0.05. The results show that the number of players born in 1st QDT was higher when compared to 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05), and higher when compared to 2nd QDT with 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05). For variables height and body mass, it was observed that players born in 1st QDT presented values significantly higher than those born in 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05). In the same way, players born in 2nd QDT presented higher values than those born in 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05). It could be concluded that the relative age effect exerts an influence on the selection of Brazilian U-15 soccer players because it is associated with differences in the anthropometric characteristics of these young players.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388613.v1
title: Suspicious amorphous microcalcifications detected on full-field digital mammography: correlation with histopathology

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate suspicious amorphous calcifications diagnosed on full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and establish correlations with histopathology findings. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 78 suspicious amorphous calcifications (all classified as BI-RADS® 4) detected on FFDM. Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) was performed. The histopathological classification of VABB core samples was as follows: pB2 (benign); pB3 (uncertain malignant potential); pB4 (suspicion of malignancy); and pB5 (malignant). Treatment was recommended for pB5 lesions. To rule out malignancy, surgical excision was recommended for pB3 and pB4 lesions. Patients not submitted to surgery were followed for at least 6 months. Results: Among the 78 amorphous calcifications evaluated, the histopathological analysis indicated that 8 (10.3%) were malignant/suspicious (6 classified as pB5 and 2 classified as pB4) and 36 (46.2%) were benign (classified as pB2). The remaining 34 lesions (43.6%) were classified as pB3: 33.3% were precursor lesions (atypical ductal hyperplasia, lobular neoplasia, or flat epithelial atypia) and 10.3% were high-risk lesions. For the pB3 lesions, the underestimation rate was zero. Conclusion: The diagnosis of precursor lesions (excluding atypical ductal hyperplasia, which can be pB4 depending on the severity and extent of the lesion) should not necessarily be considered indicative of underestimation of malignancy. Suspicious amorphous calcifications correlated more often with precursor lesions than with malignant lesions, at a ratio of 3:1.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388610.v1
title: Birth month distribution and anthropometric measures of U-15 national elite soccer players

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the birth month distribution and anthropometric measurements of U-15 elite soccer players. The sample consisted of 400 athletes (15.4 ± 0.4 years, 171.0 ± 10.6 cm and 63.0 ± 8.8 kg) participants of the 11th edition of the Brazil U-15 Soccer Cup, who had their birth month information and height and body mass measures obtained from data available on the organization’s website. Athletes were separated according to the categorization of chronological age into four-month periods: 1st quarter (1st QDT), athletes born between January and April; 2nd quarter (2nd QDT), those born between May and August, and 3rd quarter (3rd QDT), those born between September and December. The non-parametric chi-square test (X2) was used to analyze the possible differences between observed and expected birth date distributions in the four-month periods. The significance level was P&lt;0.05. The results show that the number of players born in 1st QDT was higher when compared to 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05), and higher when compared to 2nd QDT with 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05). For variables height and body mass, it was observed that players born in 1st QDT presented values significantly higher than those born in 2nd QDT and 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05). In the same way, players born in 2nd QDT presented higher values than those born in 3rd QDT (P&lt;0.05). It could be concluded that the relative age effect exerts an influence on the selection of Brazilian U-15 soccer players because it is associated with differences in the anthropometric characteristics of these young players.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388607
title: Therapeutic Assessment of Vulvar Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions with CO2 Laser Vaporization in Immunosuppressed Patients

description: Abstract Objective A vulvar squamous intraepithelial lesion is deemed to be a preceding lesion to vulvar cancer, especially in women aged under 40 years, holders of an acquired or idiopathic immunosuppression. Several treatments have been used to treat these lesions. One of the aesthetically acceptable therapeutic methods is the CO2 laser vaporization. Methods In a transversal study, 46 records of immunosuppressed women bearing a vulvar low grade and/or high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion were selected out of the retrospective analysis, computing age, date of record, date of vulvar lesion treatment with CO2 laser, the time elapsed between the first and the last visit (in months), the number of visits, the presence or absence of condylomatous lesions in other female lower genital tract sites and whether or not recurrences and persistence of intraepithelial lesions have been noticed during the follow-up. Results Patients bearing vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and immunosuppressed (serumpositive forhumanimmunodeficiency virus [HIV] or with solid organs transplantation) have shown a higher level of persistence of lesions and a higher chance of having other areas of the female lower genital tract involved. Conclusion While the CO2 laser vaporization is the most conservative method for the treatment of vulvar high-grade intraepithelial lesions, it is far frombeing the ideal method, dueto the intrinsic infection features considered. The possibility of persistence, recurrences and spontaneous limited regression indicates that a closer surveillance in the long-term treated cases should be considered, in special for immunosuppressed patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388607.v1
title: Therapeutic Assessment of Vulvar Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions with CO2 Laser Vaporization in Immunosuppressed Patients

description: Abstract Objective A vulvar squamous intraepithelial lesion is deemed to be a preceding lesion to vulvar cancer, especially in women aged under 40 years, holders of an acquired or idiopathic immunosuppression. Several treatments have been used to treat these lesions. One of the aesthetically acceptable therapeutic methods is the CO2 laser vaporization. Methods In a transversal study, 46 records of immunosuppressed women bearing a vulvar low grade and/or high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion were selected out of the retrospective analysis, computing age, date of record, date of vulvar lesion treatment with CO2 laser, the time elapsed between the first and the last visit (in months), the number of visits, the presence or absence of condylomatous lesions in other female lower genital tract sites and whether or not recurrences and persistence of intraepithelial lesions have been noticed during the follow-up. Results Patients bearing vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and immunosuppressed (serumpositive forhumanimmunodeficiency virus [HIV] or with solid organs transplantation) have shown a higher level of persistence of lesions and a higher chance of having other areas of the female lower genital tract involved. Conclusion While the CO2 laser vaporization is the most conservative method for the treatment of vulvar high-grade intraepithelial lesions, it is far frombeing the ideal method, dueto the intrinsic infection features considered. The possibility of persistence, recurrences and spontaneous limited regression indicates that a closer surveillance in the long-term treated cases should be considered, in special for immunosuppressed patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388604
title: Peripheral and respiratory muscle strength in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

description: Abstract COPD is a pulmonary pathology associated with numerous systemic manifestations, among them musculoskeletal dysfunction. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in patients with COPD and healthy individuals. This is a cross-sectional, analytical and observational study, in which 18 individuals were evaluated, nine of them with COPD and nine healthy. Femoral quadriceps neuromuscular performance (assessed by means of isokinetic dynamometry), handgrip strength (manual dynamometer) and maximum respiratory pressure (manovacuometry) were evaluated. Data were expressed by mean and standard deviation, analyzed in the SPSS 20.0 statistical package. Significance level of 5% and confidence interval of 95% for all measures were considered. Individuals with COPD had lower quadriceps femoral neuromuscular performance and lower respiratory pressures than healthy subjects; however, there was a statistically significant difference only for muscle power and MIP (p &lt;0.05). Handgrip strength was higher in individuals with COPD (p &lt;0.05). individuals with COPD have neuromuscular changes in peripheral and respiratory muscles that may possibly cause reduced functional performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388604.v1
title: Peripheral and respiratory muscle strength in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

description: Abstract COPD is a pulmonary pathology associated with numerous systemic manifestations, among them musculoskeletal dysfunction. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare respiratory and peripheral muscle strength in patients with COPD and healthy individuals. This is a cross-sectional, analytical and observational study, in which 18 individuals were evaluated, nine of them with COPD and nine healthy. Femoral quadriceps neuromuscular performance (assessed by means of isokinetic dynamometry), handgrip strength (manual dynamometer) and maximum respiratory pressure (manovacuometry) were evaluated. Data were expressed by mean and standard deviation, analyzed in the SPSS 20.0 statistical package. Significance level of 5% and confidence interval of 95% for all measures were considered. Individuals with COPD had lower quadriceps femoral neuromuscular performance and lower respiratory pressures than healthy subjects; however, there was a statistically significant difference only for muscle power and MIP (p &lt;0.05). Handgrip strength was higher in individuals with COPD (p &lt;0.05). individuals with COPD have neuromuscular changes in peripheral and respiratory muscles that may possibly cause reduced functional performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388598
title: Magnetic resonance arthrography of the shoulder: a painful procedure?

description: Abstract Objective: To compare the pain expected to that effectively caused by magnetic resonance arthrography of the shoulder and, secondarily, to describe a simplified approach to the technique for articular access. Materials and Methods: We prospectively evaluated 40 participants who used a visual analog scale and a simplified categorical scale to indicate the level of pain expected and that experienced after the procedure, comparing the two with the Wilcoxon matched-pairs test. We also determined gender-related differences in pain conditions using the Mann-Whitney U test. In addition, we described a modified technique involving radiographic localization and the use of standard puncture needles for articular access. Results: Analysis of the visual analog scales showed that the pain experienced was less than had been expected, with median scores of 1.75 and 3.75, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). The level of pain expected was higher among women than among men, with median scores of 8.0 and 3.0, respectively (p = 0.014), as was the level of pain experienced, with median scores of 3.0 and 1.5, respectively (p = 0.139). The overall categorical evaluation corroborated that difference (p = 0.03). Articular access with the modified technique was successful in all patients. Conclusion: Magnetic resonance arthrography of the shoulder is less painful than patients expect. In addition, digital radiographic guidance combined with the use of standard puncture needles appears to improve the efficiency of the method.