cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wstqjq2m2
title: Evaluating the role of body size and habitat type in movement behavior in human-dominated systems: A frog’s eye view

description: Animal movement is a key process that connects and maintains populations
 on the landscape, yet for most species we do not understand how intrinsic
 and extrinsic factors interact to influence individual movement
 behavior.  Land-use/land-cover changes highlight that
 connectivity among populations will depend upon an individual’s ability to
 traverse habitats, which may vary as a result of habitat permeability,
 individual condition, or a combination of these factors. We examined the
 effects of intrinsic (body size) and extrinsic (habitat type) factors on
 desiccation tolerance, movement, and orientation in three anuran species
 (American toads, Anaxyrus americanus; northern leopard frogs, Lithobates
 pipiens; and Blanchard’s cricket frogs, Acris blanchardi) using laboratory
 and field studies to connect the effects of susceptibility to desiccation,
 size, and movement behavior in single habitat types and at habitat edges.
 Smaller anurans were more vulnerable to desiccation, particularly for
 species that metamorphose at relatively small sizes. Habitat type had the
 strongest effect on movement, while body size had more situational and
 species-specific effects on movement. We found that individuals moved the
 farthest in habitat types that, when given the choice, they oriented away
 from, suggesting that these habitats are less favorable and could
 represent  barriers for movement. Overall, our work demonstrated
 that differences in habitat type had strong impacts on individual movement
 behavior and influenced choices at habitat edges. By integrating intrinsic
 and extrinsic factors into our study, we provided evidence that population
 connectivity may be influenced not only by the habitat matrix, but the
 condition of the individuals leaving the habitat patch.
description: These data were collected by coating juvenile anurans with
 fluorescent powder, releasing them, then returning four hours later. The
 powder trail was followed, and changes in direction were marked with
 flags. Starting locations were also noted, both within single habitat
 enclosures and at habitat edges. Characteristics of the path were
 recorded, including total path distance, displacement (distance from
 release point to final location), path linearity (displacement/total path
 distance).   Dehydration data was collected by
 performing desiccation trials on juveniles of three anurans over a period
 of 4 hours. 
description: Excel
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.w3r2280qt
title: Introgression between Sphyrapicus nuchalis and S. varius sapsuckers in a hybrid zone in west-central Alberta

description: Studying species interactions at hybrid zones allows biologists to
 understand the forces that promote speciation. Hybridization among
 Sphyrapicus nuchalis, S. varius, and S. ruber has long been acknowledged,
 and hybrid zones between S. nuchalis/S. ruber and S. varius/S. ruber have
 been characterized with both genetic and genomic data. Using a combination
 of next-generation Restriction Site-Associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq)
 and traditional genetic methods, we examined patterns of introgression in
 the poorly characterized S. nuchalis/S. varius contact zone; the two most
 similar species in the complex, though they are not each other’s closest
 relatives. We found high introgression rates, with several early and many
 advanced generation hybrids along a 275 km stretch of Rocky Mountain
 foothill, pointing to a well-established hybrid zone with hybrid
 individuals backcrossing with individuals from the parental species and
 each other. Plumage colouration in the hybrid zone was a relatively poor
 indicator of parental or hybrid status, which could be attributed to the
 possible involvement of few large effect genes.
description: Genetic data were taken from sapsucker blood and tissue samples.
 These were sequenced using GBS or ddRAD sequencing methods and/or
 screened at three polymorphic SNP loci. GBS data were processed in Stacks,
 ddRAD in Tassel, then statistical analyses were performed in R. PCAs were
 made using scripts (named genomics_r_functions.R) from Irwin, D.E.,
 Alcaide, M., Delmore, K.E., Irwin, J.H., & Owens, G. (2016).
 Recurrent selection explains parallel evolution of genomic regions of high
 relative but low absolute differentiation in a ring species. Molecular
 Ecology, 25(18), 4488–4507.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7js
title: A multi-state occupancy model to non-invasively monitor visible signs of wildlife health with camera traps that accounts for image quality

description: Camera traps are an increasingly popular tool to monitor wildlife
 distributions. However, traditional analytical approaches to camera trap
 data are difficult to apply to visible wildlife characteristics in single
 images, such as infection status. Several parasites produce visible signs
 of infection that could be sampled via camera traps. Sarcoptic mange
 (Sarcoptes scabiei) is an ideal disease to study using cameras because it
 results in visible hair loss and affects a broad host range. Here, we
 developed a multi-state occupancy model to estimate the occurrence of
 mange in coyotes (Canis latrans) across an urban gradient. This model
 incorporates a secondary detection function for apparent by-image
 infection status to provide detection corrected estimates of mange
 occurrence. We analyzed a multi-year camera trap dataset in Chicago,
 Illinois, USA to test whether the apparent occurrence of sarcoptic mange
 in coyotes (Canis latrans) increases with urbanization or varies through
 time. We documented visible signs consistent with current or recovering
 mange infection and variables we hypothesized would improve mange
 detection: the proportion of the coyote in frame, image blur, and whether
 the image was in color. We were more likely to detect coyotes with mange
 in images that were less blurry, in color, and if a greater proportion of
 the coyote was visible. Mangy coyote occupancy was significantly higher in
 urban developed areas with low housing density and higher canopy cover
 whereas coyote occupancy, mangy or otherwise, decreased with
 urbanization.  By incorporating image quality into our by-image
 detection function, we provide a robust method to non-invasively survey
 visible aspects of wildlife health with camera traps. Apparently mangy
 coyotes were associated with low-density forested neighborhoods, which may
 offer vegetated areas while containing sources of anthropogenic resources.
 This association may contribute to human-wildlife conflict and reinforces
 posited relationships between infection risk and habitat use. More
 generally, our model could provide detection-corrected occupancy estimates
 of visible characteristics that vary by image such as body condition or
 injuries. 
description: All of the camera trap data came from a large-scale, long term
 camera trapping survey throughout Chicago. Refer to the manuscript for
 additional details about the sampling process, or refer to the
 dryad_readme.pdf for a description of all the data and scripts on this
 repository.
description: This repository only holds the data used for this analysis. See
 the readme.pdf for info about the file structure. If you would like all of
 the software as well, it can be found on github repository
 (https://github.com/mfidino/coyote-mange) and zenodo
 (https://zenodo.org/record/4721850#.YIcpg5BKiUk).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m37pvmd24
title: Spatial heterogeneity in resources alters selective dynamics in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Environmental features can alter the behaviours and phenotypes of
 organisms evolving within them influencing the dynamics of natural and
 sexual selection. Experimental environmental manipulation, particularly
 when conducted in experiments where the dynamics of the purging of
 deleterious alleles are compared, has demonstrated both direct and
 indirect effects on the strength and direction of selection. However, many
 of these experiments are conducted with fairly simplistic environments
 when it is not always clear how or why particular forms of spatial
 heterogeneity influence behaviour or selection. Using Drosophila
 melanogaster, we tested three different spatial environments designed to
 determine if spatial constraint of critical resources influences the
 efficiency of natural and sexual selection. We conducted two allele
 purging experiments to 1) assess effects of these spatial treatments on
 selective dynamics of six recessive mutations, and 2) determine how these
 dynamics changed when sexual selection was relaxed and spatial area
 reduced for 2 of the mutants. Allele purging dynamics depended on spatial
 environment, however the patterns of purging rates between the
 environments differed across distinct deleterious mutations. We also
 tested two of the mutant alleles, and demonstrate sexual selection
 increased the purging rate.
description: A detailed description is provided in the paper. In brief, this
 data represents the counts of individuals (by sex and genotype) from a
 series of deleterious allele purging experiments (short-term experimental
 evolution) in <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>. Details of the
 rearing conditions within and between populations, source populations and
 introgression of deleterious alleles, and experimental crosses are all
 described in detail in the manuscript. We provide a
 short readme detailing variable descriptions and with the R scripts to
 replicate analyses.
description: Information is provided in the readme file. We
 also have the data and scripts available on github
 (https://github.com/idworkin/Wilson2021_Evolution_Data)
 The few columns with missing data either are empty, or have
 NA.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cfxpnvx52
title: Autumn larval cold tolerance does not predict the northern range limit of a widespread butterfly species

description: Climate change is driving range shifts, and a lack of cold tolerance is
 hypothesized to constrain insect range expansion at poleward latitudes.
 However, few, if any, studies have tested this hypothesis during autumn
 when organisms are subjected to sporadic low temperature exposure but may
 not have become cold tolerant yet. In this study, we integrated organismal
 thermal tolerance measures into species distribution models for larvae of
 the Giant Swallowtail butterfly, Papilio cresphontes, living at the
 northern edge of its actively expanding range. Cold hardiness of
 field-collected larvae was determined using three common metrics of
 cold-induced physiological thresholds: the supercooling point (SCP),
 critical thermal minimum (CTmin), and survival following cold exposure. P.
 cresphontes larvae in autumn have a CTmin of 2.14°C, and were determined
 to be tolerant of chilling. These larvae have a SCP of -6.6°C and can
 survive prolonged exposure to -2°C. They generally die, however, at
 temperatures below their SCP (-8°C), suggesting they are chill tolerant or
 modestly freeze avoidant. Using this information, we examined the
 importance of low temperatures at a broad scale, by comparing species
 distribution models of P. cresphontes based only on environmental data
 derived from other sources to models that also included the cold tolerance
 parameters generated experimentally. Our modelling revealed that growing
 degree-days and precipitation best predicted the distribution of P.
 cresphontes, while the cold tolerance variables did not explain much
 variation in habitat suitability. As such, the modelling results were
 consistent with our experimental results: low temperatures in autumn are
 unlikely to limit the distribution of P. cresphontes. Further
 investigation into the ecological relevance of the physiological
 thresholds determined here will help determine how climate limits the
 distribution of P. cresphontes. Understanding the factors that limit
 species distributions is key to predicting how climate change will drive
 species range shifts.
description: SCP= Super cooling point in celsius Mass= For
 SCP in miligrams/for chambers test in grams
 QUBS= Queens university biological station
 Tubes= The number of the tube in which the larvae was
 tested Date collected= Time at when the larve were
 obtained from the field Date tested= Date at wich the
 larve were tested Time= time in seconds spent in the
 cooling fluid
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q2bvq83jj
title: Infection data and spore counts for cross inoculation experiments

description: Determining the processes that drive the evolution of pathogen host range
 can inform our understanding of disease dynamics and the potential for
 host-shifts. In natural populations, patterns of host range could be
 driven by genetically based differences in pathogen infectivity or
 ecological differences in host availability. In northwestern Italy, four
 reproductively isolated lineages of the fungal plant-pathogen Microbotryum
 have been shown to co-occur on several species in the genus Dianthus. We
 carried out cross-inoculation experiments to determine whether patterns of
 realized host range in these four lineages were driven by differences in
 infectivity and to test whether there was evidence of a trade-off between
 host range and within-host reproduction. We found strong concordance
 between field patterns of host range and pathogen infectivity on different
 Dianthus species using experimental inoculation, indicating that infection
 ability is a major driving force of host range. However, we found no
 evidence of a trade-off between the ability to infect a wider range of
 host species and spore production on a shared host.
description: Data was collected in three cross inoculation experiments. 
 Methods are described in the linked paper.  Four data sets are
 available:  "Experiment 1 cross inoculation
 infection and flowering data.xls" contains infection status and date
 of first flower for each individual plant in Experiment 1.
 "Spores.xls" contains spore count data on each
 infected <em>D. pavonius </em>flower that flowered in the
 first year.  "D. segueiri repeat
 experiments.xls" contains counts of infected and diseased plants in a
 repeat experiment of experiment 1.  "Experiment 2
 D. seguieri pops.xls" contains counts of infected and diseased plants
 of D. seguieri plants from eight different populations.  
description: There is a readme file in a separate tab in each excel
 file.
DOI: 10.25903/7515-h378
title: Influence of Anthropomorphism on Pro-environmental Behaviour Survey Data

description: <p><strong>Background:</strong></p>
<p>The present study explored the effects of anthropomorphism of nature on six different types of Pro-Envionrmental Behaviours (PEB) (i.e., activist, avoider, green consumer, green passenger, recycler, utility saver) using the Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) theory by conducting hierarchical multiple regression on online survey data from 155 respondents. It was hypothesised that anthropomorphism of nature accounts for a significant proportion of variance in six types of PEB and total PEB. However, hierarchical regressions with anthropomorphism of nature as the focal variable were not significant for PEB types or for total PEB. However, findings suggest that there is a possible mediator between anthropomorphism of nature and PEB. Additionally, the VBN theory did not predict green passenger and recycling behaviours, which prompts a need for further exploration to investigate the mechanisms and utility of an-thropomorphism of nature when included in theories predicting PEB.</p>
<p><strong>This data record contains:</strong></p>
<p>Survey data in .csv, .sav and .ods format.</p>
<p>--//--</p>
<p>Software/equipment used to create/collect the data: Qualtrics </p>
<p>Software/equipment used to manipulate/analyse the data: IBM SPSS Statistics 27 </p>
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bnzs7h4bc
title: Shared decision making in Australian physiotherapy practice: a survey of knowledge, attitudes, and self-reported use

description: This is an Excel file of data downloaded from an online survey via Survey
 Monkey platform. Each sheet of the Excel file contains a question from the
 survey with the results and a graph, where applicable. Verbatim responses
 and free text have been removed.  Aim The aim of the survey was
 to assess Australian physiotherapists’ knowledge about, attitudes towards,
 and self-reported use of shared decision making, as well as perceived
 barriers to its implementation in practice. Methods Physiotherapists
 registered for a national Australian physiotherapy conference were invited
 via email and the conference app to complete a self-administered online
 questionnaire about shared decision making, including: a) knowledge, b)
 attitude to and reported approach in practice, c) behaviours used, d)
 barriers, e) previous training and future training interest. Responses
 were analysed descriptively and open-ended questions synthesised
 narratively. Results 372 physiotherapists completed the survey.
description: This dataset was collected by online anonymous survey. Data were
 analysed descriptively.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79cnp5hvm
title: Intense nocturnal warming alters growth strategies, coloration, and parasite load in a diurnal lizard

description: 1. In the past decades, nocturnal temperatures have been playing a
 disproportionate role in the global warming of the planet. Yet, they
 remain a neglected factor in studies assessing the impact of global
 warming on natural populations. In ectotherms, physiological performance
 is influenced by thermal conditions and an increase in body temperature of
 a few degrees during night-time is sufficient to induce a disproportionate
 increase in metabolic expenditure. 2. Here, we question whether an intense
 augmentation of nocturnal temperatures is beneficial or deleterious to
 ectotherms. Warmer nights may expand a species thermal niche and open new
 opportunities for prolonged activities and improve foraging efficiency.
 However, increased activity may also have deleterious effects on energy
 balance if exposure to warmer nights reduces resting periods and elevates
 resting metabolic rate. 3. We assessed whether warmer nights affected an
 individual’s growth, dorsal skin colouration, thermoregulation behaviour,
 oxidative stress status and parasite load by exposing yearling common
 lizards (Zootoca vivipara) from four populations to either ambient or high
 night-time temperatures for approximately five weeks. 4. Warmer nocturnal
 temperatures increased the prevalence of ectoparasitic infestation and
 altered allocation of resources toward structural growth rather than
 storage. We found no change in markers for oxidative stress. The thermal
 treatment did not influence thermal preferences, but influenced dorsal
 skin brightness and luminance, in line with a predicted acclimation
 response in colder environments to enhance heat gain from solar radiation.
 5. Altogether, our results highlight the importance of considering
 nocturnal warming as an independent factor affecting ectotherms
 life-history in the context of global climate change.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3tx95x6g5
title: Who’s for dinner? Bird prey diversity and choice in the great evening bat, Ia io

description: The mysterious predator-prey interaction between bats and nocturnally
 migrating birds is a very rare and incredible process in natural
 ecosystems. So far only three avivorous bat species,
 including two noctule
 bats (Nyctalus lasiopterus and Nyctalus aviator) and the great evening bat (Ia io), are known to regularly prey on songbirds during nocturnal avian migration. The information related to the diversity and the characteristics of the birds as prey, as well as the hunting strategy in both species of noctule bats are already clear. However, the diversity of bird prey in the diet of I. io as confirmed by molecular identification remains unknown. Moreover, like hunting insects, it remains unclear if the avivorous bats opportunistically prey on birds. Here, we used DNA metabarcoding to investigate the bird prey composition, diversity, and choice in diets of I. io. We found I. io consumed 22 species of seven families from Passeriformes with a body mass of 6–19 g, and preferentially selected small-sized passerine birds for optimizing the benefit/risk trade-off. Moreover, most of the species preyed upon were migratory birds, while four species were local resident birds, indicating that I. io may adopt both aerial-hawking and gleaning strategies on songbirds as do the other two noctules. Further, I. io body mass did not influence in prey choice and predation richness on birds, suggesting I. io is an opportunistic avivorous predator. This study provides novel insights into the avian dietary ecology of I. io and completes the analysis of predator/prey interaction between three avivorous bats and nocturnally migrating birds. Our results also indicate bat predation on birds which occurs as an act of ecological opportunity may subject bats to intense natural selection pressure, causing them access to the new diet-defined adaptive zones.
description: <strong>Avian_otu_reps</strong>
 Representative sequences for each MOTU.
  
 <strong>OTU_table</strong>
 OTU table used for data analysis which removed those MOTUs that
 represented less than 1% of the total sequences for each
 sample.  
 <strong>Data_set</strong>
 This data set includes sample information, and raw data (Data 1
 and Data 2) used for statistical analysis. Data 1
 used for generalized linear model (GLM) analysis to determine the key
 factors affecting predation richness (PR). Data 2
 used for simple linear regression to test the correlation between body
 mass of bats and birds.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhmpr
title: Imaging mass cytometry data: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissue section

description: High dimensional cytometry is an innovative tool for immune monitoring in
 health and disease, it has provided novel insight into the underlying
 biology as well as biomarkers for a variety of diseases. However, the
 analysis of multiparametric “big data” usually requires specialist
 computational knowledge. Here we describe ImmunoCluster
 (https://github.com/kordastilab/ImmunoCluster) an R package for immune
 profiling cellular heterogeneity in high dimensional liquid and imaging
 mass cytometry, and flow cytometry data, designed to facilitate
 computational analysis by a non-specialist. The analysis framework
 implemented within ImmunoCluster is readily scalable to millions of cells
 and provides a variety of visualization and analytical approaches, as well
 as a rich array of plotting tools that can be tailored to users’ needs.
 The protocol consists of three core computational stages: 1, data import
 and quality control, 2, dimensionality reduction and unsupervised
 clustering; and 3, annotation and differential testing, all contained
 within an R-based open-source framework.