cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832385.v1
title: Improved tree height estimation of secondary forests in the Brazilian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT This paper presents a novel approach for estimating the height of individual trees in secondary forests at two study sites: Manaus (central Amazon) and Santarém (eastern Amazon) in the Brazilian Amazon region. The approach consists of adjusting tree height-diameter at breast height (H:DBH) models in each study site by ecological species groups: pioneers, early secondary, and late secondary. Overall, the DBH and corresponding height (H) of 1,178 individual trees were measured during two field campaigns: August 2014 in Manaus and September 2015 in Santarém. We tested the five most commonly used log-linear and nonlinear H:DBH models, as determined by the available literature. The hyperbolic model: H = a.DBH/(b+DBH) was found to present the best fit when evaluated using validation data. Significant differences in the fitted parameters were found between pioneer and secondary species from Manaus and Santarém by F-test, meaning that site-specific and also ecological-group H:DBH models should be used to more accurately predict H as a function of DBH. This novel approach provides specific equations to estimate height of secondary forest trees for particular sites and ecological species groups. The presented set of equations will allow better biomass and carbon stock estimates in secondary forests of the Brazilian Amazon.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832376
title: A HIGHLY SELECTIVE FLUORESCENT SENSOR FOR DETECTION OF TRIVALENT METAL IONS BASED ON A SIMPLE SCHIFF-BASE

description: A simple and easily synthesized fluorescent sensor L, based on condensation reaction of 1-Naphthylamine and terephthalaldehyde, was synthesized and characterized systemically. Both UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopic studies indicated that the sensor L showed good selectivity toward trivalent metal ions (such as Al3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, La3+ and Ce3+) over other monovalent or divalent metal ions. The sensing mechanism was suggested that the trivalent ion promoted the hydrolysis of Schiff base. Meanwhile, took the common trivalent ions Al3+, Fe3+ and Cr3+ as examples, limit of detection (LOD) values of sensor L were calculated to be 1.23, 0.94 and 1.14 nM for Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+, respectively, suggesting very high sensitivity towards the cations which could make it attractive in trivalent metal ions detection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832376.v1
title: A HIGHLY SELECTIVE FLUORESCENT SENSOR FOR DETECTION OF TRIVALENT METAL IONS BASED ON A SIMPLE SCHIFF-BASE

description: A simple and easily synthesized fluorescent sensor L, based on condensation reaction of 1-Naphthylamine and terephthalaldehyde, was synthesized and characterized systemically. Both UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopic studies indicated that the sensor L showed good selectivity toward trivalent metal ions (such as Al3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, La3+ and Ce3+) over other monovalent or divalent metal ions. The sensing mechanism was suggested that the trivalent ion promoted the hydrolysis of Schiff base. Meanwhile, took the common trivalent ions Al3+, Fe3+ and Cr3+ as examples, limit of detection (LOD) values of sensor L were calculated to be 1.23, 0.94 and 1.14 nM for Al3+, Cr3+ and Fe3+, respectively, suggesting very high sensitivity towards the cations which could make it attractive in trivalent metal ions detection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832367
title: Analysis support for the design process of school buildings

description: Abstract This paper presents an analysis procedure to improve school design. The procedure uses design parameters, precedent examples and comparisons for a Brazilian context. A literature review on methods and tools to analyse and evaluate architectural school design projects was undertaken. Three methods were singled out to structure the procedure. Design parameters were selected specifically for the Foundation for Educational Development (Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da Educação - FDE). The FDE manages over 5,000 public (non-private) school buildings in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The literature on school architecture supplied the precedent examples. The procedure contains a structured design analysis method based on design parameters and comparisons between precedents and local design solutions. Tests on 34 design proposals brought to light important parameters for school design and decision-making was more transparent and efficient. The procedure broadens reflections on multidisciplinary aspects of the contemporary school environment and is seen as a design process tool for various contexts to inspire school architecture with users and learning in mind.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832364
title: Manipulation of growth of the Amazonian fish tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae): analysis of physiological and zootechnical aspects

description: ABSTRACT Colossoma macropomum, known locally as tambaqui, is the native fish most farmed in Brazil, however, technological advances are needed to reach efficient production rates. Modulating growth factors, such as growth hormone, may be associated with improved growth rate and feed efficiency. The use of exogenous hormone for fish rearing is prohibited in Brazil, yet the experimental use of bovine hormone can be useful in research aimed at understanding how to stimulate endogenous growth hormones in fish. Therefore, the present study had the strict objective of understanding the effects of growth hormone on the physiology and zootechnical parameters of C. macropomum under experimental conditions. The animals were intraperitoneally injected every fifteen days with 1, 10 and 100 μg g-1 of bGH using 0.9% NaCl saline as diluent. The 10 and 100 μg g-1 bolus had a positive effect on the performance indexes of C. macropomum: weight gain (g), growing length (cm), daily weight gain (g), feed conversion and specific growth rate (% per day). The bGH promoted a greater increase in length than in mass, which caused a reduction in condition factor of the individuals receiving a bolus of 10 and 100 μg g-1. Furthermore, bGH caused no changes in glucose levels, cortisol, hematological parameters, plasma levels of Na+ and K+, and activity of gill’s H+-ATPase and Na+, K+-ATPase, at least during the experimental period considered in the present study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832367.v1
title: Analysis support for the design process of school buildings

description: Abstract This paper presents an analysis procedure to improve school design. The procedure uses design parameters, precedent examples and comparisons for a Brazilian context. A literature review on methods and tools to analyse and evaluate architectural school design projects was undertaken. Three methods were singled out to structure the procedure. Design parameters were selected specifically for the Foundation for Educational Development (Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da Educação - FDE). The FDE manages over 5,000 public (non-private) school buildings in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The literature on school architecture supplied the precedent examples. The procedure contains a structured design analysis method based on design parameters and comparisons between precedents and local design solutions. Tests on 34 design proposals brought to light important parameters for school design and decision-making was more transparent and efficient. The procedure broadens reflections on multidisciplinary aspects of the contemporary school environment and is seen as a design process tool for various contexts to inspire school architecture with users and learning in mind.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832361
title: Relationship between thermal comfort indices and internal temperature of grazing lactating Holstein × Gyr cows in western Amazonia

description: ABSTRACT The relationship between the indices of thermal comfort and internal temperature in lactating cows was evaluated inRondônia, western Amazonia in a 2 × 2 crossover trial carried out with eight Girolando cows, ½ Holstein × ½ Gyr (n=4) and – Holstein × ¼ Gyr (n=4), grazing palisade grass supplemented with or without soybean oil concentrates. Data logger thermometers adapted to intravaginal devices (hormone free) were used to measure internal temperatures (IT) every 10 min over 48 h. Concomitantly, environmental parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation) were collected for the estimation of the temperature-humidity index (THI), equivalent temperature index (ETI), and predicted respiratory rate (PRR). Supplementation with soybean oil did not affect the internal temperature of the cows. IT varied significantly between the genetic groups, with the highest mean observed at night in the – Holstein × ¼ Gyr cows, compared with that in the ½ Holstein × ½ Gyr cows (39.54 °C vs 39.06 °C, respectively). THI, ETI, and PRR were significantly and positively correlated with the IT of the Girolando cows; however, the PRR was not found to be adequate in indicating the night-time heat stress in cows.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832364.v1
title: Manipulation of growth of the Amazonian fish tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae): analysis of physiological and zootechnical aspects

description: ABSTRACT Colossoma macropomum, known locally as tambaqui, is the native fish most farmed in Brazil, however, technological advances are needed to reach efficient production rates. Modulating growth factors, such as growth hormone, may be associated with improved growth rate and feed efficiency. The use of exogenous hormone for fish rearing is prohibited in Brazil, yet the experimental use of bovine hormone can be useful in research aimed at understanding how to stimulate endogenous growth hormones in fish. Therefore, the present study had the strict objective of understanding the effects of growth hormone on the physiology and zootechnical parameters of C. macropomum under experimental conditions. The animals were intraperitoneally injected every fifteen days with 1, 10 and 100 μg g-1 of bGH using 0.9% NaCl saline as diluent. The 10 and 100 μg g-1 bolus had a positive effect on the performance indexes of C. macropomum: weight gain (g), growing length (cm), daily weight gain (g), feed conversion and specific growth rate (% per day). The bGH promoted a greater increase in length than in mass, which caused a reduction in condition factor of the individuals receiving a bolus of 10 and 100 μg g-1. Furthermore, bGH caused no changes in glucose levels, cortisol, hematological parameters, plasma levels of Na+ and K+, and activity of gill’s H+-ATPase and Na+, K+-ATPase, at least during the experimental period considered in the present study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832358
title: Habitat complexity does not influence prey consumption in an experimental three-level trophic chain

description: ABSTRACT Habitat complexity influences species diversity and regulates trophic interactions, mostly by increasing resource partitioning within habitats and providing refuge for prey. The influence of habitat complexity on more than two trophic levels is not well understood, mainly because behavioral modifications of prey and predator may influence the outcome of trophic interactions. Thus, we conducted a two-factor experiment with a three-level trophic chain: a piscivorous fish [Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Spix & Agassiz 1829)], an invertivorous fish (Moenkhausia forestii Benine, Mariguela & C. de Oliveira, 2009) and an aquatic macroinvertebrate (Chironomidae larvae). We measured prey consumption in low, intermediate and high habitat complexity, provided by submerged macrophyte densities, in the presence and the absence of the piscivore, intending to test the hypothesis that higher habitat complexities decrease predators foraging success in different trophic levels. We calculated the percentage of consumed prey in all treatment combinations. There was no significant effect of habitat complexity on prey consumption for neither the piscivorous nor the invertivorous fish, but a positive correlation was found between the percentages of consumed prey by both the piscivore and the invertivore. Observed modifications in the foraging behavior of the piscivore may have resulted in similar prey consumptions in low and high macrophyte densities. Moreover, more active M. forestii could have suffered a higher predation pressure by H. unitaeniatus, resulting in the positive correlation found. We conclude that behavior patterns in different habitat complexities possibly influenced predation rates in the three experimental trophic levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832358.v1
title: Habitat complexity does not influence prey consumption in an experimental three-level trophic chain

description: ABSTRACT Habitat complexity influences species diversity and regulates trophic interactions, mostly by increasing resource partitioning within habitats and providing refuge for prey. The influence of habitat complexity on more than two trophic levels is not well understood, mainly because behavioral modifications of prey and predator may influence the outcome of trophic interactions. Thus, we conducted a two-factor experiment with a three-level trophic chain: a piscivorous fish [Hoplerythrinus unitaeniatus (Spix & Agassiz 1829)], an invertivorous fish (Moenkhausia forestii Benine, Mariguela & C. de Oliveira, 2009) and an aquatic macroinvertebrate (Chironomidae larvae). We measured prey consumption in low, intermediate and high habitat complexity, provided by submerged macrophyte densities, in the presence and the absence of the piscivore, intending to test the hypothesis that higher habitat complexities decrease predators foraging success in different trophic levels. We calculated the percentage of consumed prey in all treatment combinations. There was no significant effect of habitat complexity on prey consumption for neither the piscivorous nor the invertivorous fish, but a positive correlation was found between the percentages of consumed prey by both the piscivore and the invertivore. Observed modifications in the foraging behavior of the piscivore may have resulted in similar prey consumptions in low and high macrophyte densities. Moreover, more active M. forestii could have suffered a higher predation pressure by H. unitaeniatus, resulting in the positive correlation found. We conclude that behavior patterns in different habitat complexities possibly influenced predation rates in the three experimental trophic levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832361.v1
title: Relationship between thermal comfort indices and internal temperature of grazing lactating Holstein × Gyr cows in western Amazonia

description: ABSTRACT The relationship between the indices of thermal comfort and internal temperature in lactating cows was evaluated inRondônia, western Amazonia in a 2 × 2 crossover trial carried out with eight Girolando cows, ½ Holstein × ½ Gyr (n=4) and – Holstein × ¼ Gyr (n=4), grazing palisade grass supplemented with or without soybean oil concentrates. Data logger thermometers adapted to intravaginal devices (hormone free) were used to measure internal temperatures (IT) every 10 min over 48 h. Concomitantly, environmental parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation) were collected for the estimation of the temperature-humidity index (THI), equivalent temperature index (ETI), and predicted respiratory rate (PRR). Supplementation with soybean oil did not affect the internal temperature of the cows. IT varied significantly between the genetic groups, with the highest mean observed at night in the – Holstein × ¼ Gyr cows, compared with that in the ½ Holstein × ½ Gyr cows (39.54 °C vs 39.06 °C, respectively). THI, ETI, and PRR were significantly and positively correlated with the IT of the Girolando cows; however, the PRR was not found to be adequate in indicating the night-time heat stress in cows.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832355
title: Antioxidant extract counteracts the effects of aging on cortical spreading depression and oxidative stress in the brain cortex

description: Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of Murici extract on the brain excitability-dependent phenomenon known as cortical spreading depression (CSD) and on brain oxidative stress. Methods: Adult and aged Wistar rats were supplemented with murici extract (150 mg/kg/day or 300 mg/kg/day) by gavage for fifteen days. Afterwards, the animals were submitted to a CSD electrophysiological recording and to brain oxidative stress evaluation. Results: Our results showed that aging decreased CSD propagation velocity, catalase activity and glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in the brain cortex of the rats, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The highest dose (300 mg/kg/day) of murici extract accelerated CSD, whereas the lowest (150mg/kg/day) decelerated, in both adult and aged animals. In contrast, aged animals supplemented with murici extract in both doses presented low MDA levels and high GSG/GSSG ratio in comparison to the control-aged animals. Conclusion: Murici extract supplementation seems to revert detrimental effects in aged brains and could be considered as a strategy in the treatment of pathologies related to aging and cortical spreading depression.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832352
title: Sunflower Residue Incorporation Suppresses Weeds, Enhances Soil Properties and Seed Yield of Spring-Planted Mung Bean

description: ABSTRACT: Continuous and excessive use of herbicides to control various weed biotypes is posing severe threats to soil and human health. Nevertheless, the strategy of using allelopathic crop residues and water extracts for weed control seems to be a sustainable and friendly option to reduce dependence on synthetic herbicides. In addition to controlling weeds, residues of allelopathic crops positively affected soil health. A two-year field study was carried out to examine the impact of sunflower residues on soil properties, weed dynamics and productivity of mung bean. The study was comprised of five treatments viz., control, sunflower water extracts at 10 and 20 L ha-1, and sunflower residues incorporation at 4 and 6 ton ha-1. Results indicated that application of sunflower water extracts reduced weed density by 5-26% and weed dry weight by 9-31%, while sunflower residue incorporation caused 44-57% reduction in weed density and 58-70% reduction in weed dry weight compared with the control. At mung bean harvest, total nitrogen and organic matter in soil were increased by 86% and 74%, respectively, with the incorporation of sunflower residues at 6 ton ha-1 as compared with the control. In case of soil enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and dehydrogenase were recorded at 186 mg NP g-1 soil h-1 and 38 mg TPF g-1 soil h-1, respectively, when sunflower residue was incorporated at 6 ton ha-1. In conclusion, sunflower residue incorporation at 6 ton ha-1 improved soil health, suppressed weeds and resulted in better seed yield (36%) and profitability (339 $ ha-1) of spring-planted mung bean.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832355.v1
title: Antioxidant extract counteracts the effects of aging on cortical spreading depression and oxidative stress in the brain cortex

description: Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of Murici extract on the brain excitability-dependent phenomenon known as cortical spreading depression (CSD) and on brain oxidative stress. Methods: Adult and aged Wistar rats were supplemented with murici extract (150 mg/kg/day or 300 mg/kg/day) by gavage for fifteen days. Afterwards, the animals were submitted to a CSD electrophysiological recording and to brain oxidative stress evaluation. Results: Our results showed that aging decreased CSD propagation velocity, catalase activity and glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) in the brain cortex of the rats, and increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. The highest dose (300 mg/kg/day) of murici extract accelerated CSD, whereas the lowest (150mg/kg/day) decelerated, in both adult and aged animals. In contrast, aged animals supplemented with murici extract in both doses presented low MDA levels and high GSG/GSSG ratio in comparison to the control-aged animals. Conclusion: Murici extract supplementation seems to revert detrimental effects in aged brains and could be considered as a strategy in the treatment of pathologies related to aging and cortical spreading depression.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832349
title: Mineralogy, Micromorphology, and Genesis of Soils with Varying Drainage Along a Hillslope on Granitic Rocks of the Atlantic Forest Biome, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Although the physical environment of the Atlantic Forest realm is well known, studies on the soil-landform relationships are fundamental to improve the management of soil resources to facilitate sustainable development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a representative topossequence on the “Mares de Morros” landscape of deeply weathered regolith on leucocratic granite rocks and demi-orange convex slopes. The soils varied along the topossequence according to drainage and were classified as Acrudox, Pseudogleysol, and Epiaquent. The clay fraction was composed by kaolinite, in association with gibbsite, goethite, hematite, and traces of vermiculite and hydroxy-Al interlayered vermiculite (HIV). The kaolinite crystallinity index obtained by different methods showed high structural disorder throughout the sequence, indicating that long-term pre-weathering has produced a homogenous regolith with little differences in terms of mineralogy, despite the changes in drainage. On the other hand, micromorphological features showed a complete change from the typical, well-developed microaggregate structure of upland, well-drained soils, to a massive, poorly developed structure downslope, consistent with the morphological description. Changes in microstructure development and micropedological features occurred both vertically and laterally along the topossequence and indicate that mineralogy alone cannot account for the microaggregate structure of kaolinitic Latossolos (Oxisols) well-drained with low Fe contents. Soils from the “Mares de Morros” landscape of the Alegre river basin on leucocratic granitic rocks highlight an inheritance of a deep pre-weathered regolith, showing subtle chemical and mineralogical changes, but marked morphological and physical differences along the topossequence, basically controlled by soil drainage in the past or present.