cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5065/d6gh9g0n
title: WCRP and WWRP THORPEX YOTC (Year of Tropical Convection) Project, Single Parameter 6-Hourly Pressure Level Forecast Time Series, Transformed to a Regular 1600 by 800 (N400) Gaussian Grid

description: The realistic representation of tropical convection in our global atmospheric models is a long-standing grand challenge for numerical weather forecasts and global climate predictions. Our lack of fundamental knowledge and practical capabilities in this area leaves us disadvantaged in modeling and predicting prominent phenomena of the tropical atmosphere such as the ITCZ, ENSO, TBO, monsoons and their active or break periods, the MJO, subtropical stratus decks, near-surface ocean properties, easterly waves, tropical cyclones, bulk budgets of cloud microphysical quantities, and even the diurnal cycle. Furthermore, tropical weather and climate disturbances strongly influence stratospheric-tropospheric exchange as well as the extratropics, with the later mediated via poleward migration of synoptic systems or through initiating Rossby wave trains that can involve a range of processes and time scales.To address the challenge of tropical convection, WCRP and WWRP/THORPEX propose a Year of coordinated observing, modeling and forecasting of organized tropical convection and its influences on predictability as a contribution to the United Nations Year of Planet Earth to complement the International Polar Year (IPY). This effort is intended to exploit the vast amounts of existing and emerging observations, the expanding computational resources and the development of new, high-resolution modeling frameworks, with the objective of advancing the characterization, diagnosis, modeling, parameterization and prediction of multiscale convective and dynamic interactions, including the two-way interaction between tropical and extra-tropical weather or climate. This activity and its ultimate success will be based on the coordination of a wide range of ongoing and planned international programmatic activities (e.g., GEWEX/CEOP/GCSS, AMY, EOS, GOOS), strong collaboration among the operational prediction, research laboratory and academic communities, and the construction of a comprehensive data base consisting of satellite data, in-situ data sets and global, high-resolution forecast and simulation model outputs relevant to tropical convection. The proposed timing, focus year approach and integrated framework of this effort is intended to leverage the most benefit from recent investments in Earth Science infrastructure as well as entrain a new generation of young scientists into tackling the outstanding problems in the field of weather and climate prediction.It is recommended that potential users of YOTC peruse the Related RDA Datasets ds629.1-ds629.6 (please see below) which represent transformed versions of the raw ECMWF YOTC archive (ds629.0) by the Data Support Section. The transformed versions are archived on an N400 1600 by 800 regular Gaussian grid, starting from high resolution reduced Gaussian grids and spectral coefficients. In addition, horizontal winds have been added and computed from spectral vorticity and divergence.
DOI: 10.5065/d6r20zdd
title: WCRP and WWRP THORPEX YOTC (Year of Tropical Convection) Project

description: The realistic representation of tropical convection in our global atmospheric models is a long-standing grand challenge for numerical weather forecasts and global climate predictions. Our lack of fundamental knowledge and practical capabilities in this area leaves us disadvantaged in modeling and predicting prominent phenomena of the tropical atmosphere such as the ITCZ, ENSO, TBO, monsoons and their active or break periods, the MJO, subtropical stratus decks, near-surface ocean properties, easterly waves, tropical cyclones, bulk budgets of cloud microphysical quantities, and even the diurnal cycle. Furthermore, tropical weather and climate disturbances strongly influence stratospheric-tropospheric exchange as well as the extratropics, with the later mediated via poleward migration of synoptic systems or through initiating Rossby wave trains that can involve a range of processes and time scales.To address the challenge of tropical convection, WCRP and WWRP/THORPEX propose a Year of coordinated observing, modeling and forecasting of organized tropical convection and its influences on predictability as a contribution to the United Nations Year of Planet Earth to complement the International Polar Year (IPY). This effort is intended to exploit the vast amounts of existing and emerging observations, the expanding computational resources and the development of new, high-resolution modeling frameworks, with the objective of advancing the characterization, diagnosis, modeling, parameterization and prediction of multiscale convective and dynamic interactions, including the two-way interaction between tropical and extra-tropical weather or climate. This activity and its ultimate success will be based on the coordination of a wide range of ongoing and planned international programmatic activities (e.g., GEWEX/CEOP/GCSS, AMY, EOS, GOOS), strong collaboration among the operational prediction, research laboratory and academic communities, and the construction of a comprehensive data base consisting of satellite data, in-situ data sets and global, high-resolution forecast and simulation model outputs relevant to tropical convection. The proposed timing, focus year approach and integrated framework of this effort is intended to leverage the most benefit from recent investments in Earth Science infrastructure as well as entrain a new generation of young scientists into tackling the outstanding problems in the field of weather and climate prediction.It is recommended that potential users of YOTC peruse the Related RDA Datasets ds629.1-ds629.6 (please see below) which represent transformed versions of the raw ECMWF YOTC archive (ds629.0) by the Data Support Section. The transformed versions are archived on an N400 1600 by 800 regular Gaussian grid, starting from high resolution reduced Gaussian grids and spectral coefficients. In addition, horizontal winds have been added and computed from spectral vorticity and divergence.
DOI: 10.5065/7wr1-vb85
title: JRA-55: Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, Near Real-Time Data -- Monthly Means and Variances

description: The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) conducted JRA-55, the second Japanese global atmospheric reanalysis project. It covers 55 years, extending back to 1958, coinciding with the establishment of the global radiosonde observing system. Compared to its predecessor, JRA-25, JRA-55 is based on a new data assimilation and prediction system (DA) that improves many deficiencies found in the first Japanese reanalysis. These improvements have come about by implementing higher spatial resolution (TL319L60), a new radiation scheme, four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) with Variational Bias Correction (VarBC) for satellite radiances, and introduction of greenhouse gases with time varying concentrations. The entire JRA-55 production was completed in 2013, and thereafter will be continued on a real time basis.Specific early results of quality assessment of JRA-55 indicate that a large temperature bias in the lower stratosphere has been significantly reduced compared to JRA-25 through a combination of the new radiation scheme and application of VarBC (which also reduces unrealistic temperature variations). In addition, a dry land surface anomaly in the Amazon basin has been mitigated, and overall forecast scores are much improved over JRA-25.Most of the observational data employed in JRA-55 are those used in JRA-25. Additionally, newly reprocessed METEOSAT and GMS data were supplied by EUMETSAT and MSC/JMA respectively. Snow depth data over the United States, Russia and Mongolia were supplied by UCAR, RIHMI and IMH respectively.
DOI: 10.5065/fqbk-hy30
title: JRA-55: Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, Daily and Monthly Climatologies, 1991-2020

description: The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) conducted JRA-55, the second Japanese global atmospheric reanalysis project. It covers 55 years, extending back to 1958, coinciding with the establishment of the global radiosonde observing system. Compared to its predecessor, JRA-25, JRA-55 is based on a new data assimilation and prediction system (DA) that improves many deficiencies found in the first Japanese reanalysis. These improvements have come about by implementing higher spatial resolution (TL319L60), a new radiation scheme, four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) with Variational Bias Correction (VarBC) for satellite radiances, and introduction of greenhouse gases with time varying concentrations. The entire JRA-55 production was completed in 2013, and thereafter will be continued on a real time basis.Specific early results of quality assessment of JRA-55 indicate that a large temperature bias in the lower stratosphere has been significantly reduced compared to JRA-25 through a combination of the new radiation scheme and application of VarBC (which also reduces unrealistic temperature variations). In addition, a dry land surface anomaly in the Amazon basin has been mitigated, and overall forecast scores are much improved over JRA-25.Most of the observational data employed in JRA-55 are those used in JRA-25. Additionally, newly reprocessed METEOSAT and GMS data were supplied by EUMETSAT and MSC/JMA respectively. Snow depth data over the United States, Russia and Mongolia were supplied by UCAR, RIHMI and IMH respectively.
DOI: 10.5065/d6t72fhn
title: JRA-55AMIP: Monthly Means and Variances Including Diurnal Statistics

description: As a subset of the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) project, an experiment using the global atmospheric model of the JRA-55 was conducted by the Meteorological Research Institute of the Japan Meteorological Agency. The experiment, named the JRA-55AMIP, has been carried out by prescribing the same boundary conditions and radiative forcing of JRA-55, including the historical observed sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, greenhouse gases, etc., with no use of atmospheric observational data. This project is intended to assess systematic errors of the model.
DOI: 10.5065/d6c827b7
title: JRA-55C: Monthly Means and Variances

description: As a subset of the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) project, the Meteorological Research Institute of the Japan Meteorological Agency has conducted a global atmospheric reanalysis that assimilates only conventional surface and upper air observations, with no use of satellite observations, using the same data assimilation system as the JRA-55. The project, named the JRA-55 Conventional (JRA-55C), aims to produce a more homogeneous dataset over a long period, unaffected by changes in historical satellite observing systems. The dataset is intended to be suitable for studies of climate change or multidecadal variability. The reanalysis period of JRA-55C is from November 1972 to December 2012. The JMA recommends the use of JRA-55 to extend JRA-55C back to January 1958.The Data Support Section at NCAR has downloaded all JRA-55C data. The entire archive has been reorganized into single parameter time series, and model resolution data has been transformed to a regular Gaussian grid. The JRA-55C products are currently being made accessible to RDA registered users of JRA-55, and will appear incrementally via the Data Access tab.
DOI: 10.5065/d6tb14zd
title: JRA-55AMIP: The Japanese 55-year Reanalysis AMIP-type Simulation

description: As a subset of the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) project, an experiment using the global atmospheric model of the JRA-55 was conducted by the Meteorological Research Institute of the Japan Meteorological Agency. The experiment, named the JRA-55AMIP, has been carried out by prescribing the same boundary conditions and radiative forcing of JRA-55, including the historical observed sea surface temperature, sea ice concentration, greenhouse gases, etc., with no use of atmospheric observational data. This project is intended to assess systematic errors of the model.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.sbzmav
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 183 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is Africa",
 "Country is Angola",
 "GadmGid is AGO.5_1",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Amphibia",
 "Year 1990-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 183 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0012473-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5065/d67h1gnz
title: JRA-55C: The Japanese 55-year Reanalysis Using Conventional Data Only

description: As a subset of the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis (JRA-55) project, the Meteorological Research Institute of the Japan Meteorological Agency has conducted a global atmospheric reanalysis that assimilates only conventional surface and upper air observations, with no use of satellite observations, using the same data assimilation system as the JRA-55. The project, named the JRA-55 Conventional (JRA-55C), aims to produce a more homogeneous dataset over a long period, unaffected by changes in historical satellite observing systems. The dataset is intended to be suitable for studies of climate change or multidecadal variability. The reanalysis period of JRA-55C is from November 1972 to December 2012. The JMA recommends the use of JRA-55 to extend JRA-55C back to January 1958.The Data Support Section at NCAR has downloaded all JRA-55C data. The entire archive has been reorganized into single parameter time series, and model resolution data has been transformed to a regular Gaussian grid. The JRA-55C products are currently being made accessible to RDA registered users of JRA-55, and will appear incrementally via the Data Access tab.
DOI: 10.5065/d60g3h5b
title: JRA-55: Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, Monthly Means and Variances

description: The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) conducted JRA-55, the second Japanese global atmospheric reanalysis project. It covers 55 years, extending back to 1958, coinciding with the establishment of the global radiosonde observing system. Compared to its predecessor, JRA-25, JRA-55 is based on a new data assimilation and prediction system (DA) that improves many deficiencies found in the first Japanese reanalysis. These improvements have come about by implementing higher spatial resolution (TL319L60), a new radiation scheme, four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) with Variational Bias Correction (VarBC) for satellite radiances, and introduction of greenhouse gases with time varying concentrations. The entire JRA-55 production was completed in 2013, and thereafter will be continued on a real time basis.Specific early results of quality assessment of JRA-55 indicate that a large temperature bias in the lower stratosphere has been significantly reduced compared to JRA-25 through a combination of the new radiation scheme and application of VarBC (which also reduces unrealistic temperature variations). In addition, a dry land surface anomaly in the Amazon basin has been mitigated, and overall forecast scores are much improved over JRA-25.Most of the observational data employed in JRA-55 are those used in JRA-25. Additionally, newly reprocessed METEOSAT and GMS data were supplied by EUMETSAT and MSC/JMA respectively. Snow depth data over the United States, Russia and Mongolia were supplied by UCAR, RIHMI and IMH respectively.The Data Support Section (DSS) at NCAR has processed the 1.25 degree version of JRA-55 with the RDA (Research Data Archive) archiving and metadata system. The model resolution data has also been acquired, archived and processed as well, including transformation of the TL319L60 grid to a regular latitude-longitude Gaussian grid (320 latitudes by 640 longitudes, nominally 0.5625 degree). All RDA JRA-55 data is available for internet download, including complete subsetting and data format conversion services.
DOI: 10.5065/d6hh6h41
title: JRA-55: Japanese 55-year Reanalysis, Daily 3-Hourly and 6-Hourly Data

description: Important Notice: Update of JRA-55 data will terminate at the end of January 2024. Please use Japanese Reanalysis for Three Quarters of a Century (JRA-3Q) [https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/d640000/] at that time.The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) conducted JRA-55, the second Japanese global atmospheric reanalysis project. It covers 55 years, extending back to 1958, coinciding with the establishment of the global radiosonde observing system. Compared to its predecessor, JRA-25, JRA-55 is based on a new data assimilation and prediction system (DA) that improves many deficiencies found in the first Japanese reanalysis. These improvements have come about by implementing higher spatial resolution (TL319L60), a new radiation scheme, four-dimensional variational data assimilation (4D-Var) with Variational Bias Correction (VarBC) for satellite radiances, and introduction of greenhouse gases with time varying concentrations. The entire JRA-55 production was completed in 2013, and thereafter will be continued on a real time basis.Specific early results of quality assessment of JRA-55 indicate that a large temperature bias in the lower stratosphere has been significantly reduced compared to JRA-25 through a combination of the new radiation scheme and application of VarBC (which also reduces unrealistic temperature variations). In addition, a dry land surface anomaly in the Amazon basin has been mitigated, and overall forecast scores are much improved over JRA-25.Most of the observational data employed in JRA-55 are those used in JRA-25. Additionally, newly reprocessed METEOSAT and GMS data were supplied by EUMETSAT and MSC/JMA respectively. Snow depth data over the United States, Russia and Mongolia were supplied by UCAR, RIHMI and IMH respectively.The Data Support Section (DSS) at NCAR has processed the 1.25 degree version of JRA-55 with the RDA (Research Data Archive) archiving and metadata system. The model resolution data has also been acquired, archived and processed as well, including transformation of the TL319L60 grid to a regular latitude-longitude Gaussian grid (320 latitudes by 640 longitudes, nominally 0.5625 degree). All RDA JRA-55 data is available for internet download, including complete subsetting and data format conversion services.
DOI: 10.5065/pphs-mx30
title: ECMWF Joint Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) Nature Run

description: A broad group of US and international partners organized and agreed to have ECMWF compute a high resolution global gridded dataset that serves as a reference dataset for general and collaborative observing system simulation experiments (OSSE). This model output is termed "Nature Run", because it is intended to be a best representation possible of the true environmental conditions. The temporal and spatial resolution are sufficient so the data may be used as an experimental samples and validation data for planning future observing systems. It is especially valuable for assessing future satellite systems.
DOI: 10.5065/hxps-6702
title: Kuwait Oil Fires Archive, 1991

description: This is data extracted from various NCEP observed and analyzed datasets and then put in our RPTOUT format to support the Kuwait Oil Fires studies.
DOI: 10.5065/5w7w-5224
title: GARD-LENS: A downscaled large ensemble dataset for understanding the future climate and its uncertainties

description: The Generalized Analog Regression Downscaling method Large Ensemble (GARD-LENS) dataset is comprised of daily precipitation, mean temperature, and temperature range over the Contiguous U.S., Alaska, and Hawaii at 12 km, 4 km, and 1 km resolutions, respectively. GARD-LENS downscales three CMIP6 global climate model large ensembles, CESM2, CanESM5, and EC-Earth3, totaling 200 ensemble members. GARD-LENS is the first downscaled SMILE (single model initial-condition large ensemble), providing information about the role of internal climate variability at high resolutions. GARD LENS uses GMET as a training dataset for the period 1980-2014, although Hawaii GMET data is only available for 1990-2014. The total dataset consists of 200 ensemble member files per region per variable (e.g., 200 files for t_mean for CONUS), for a total of 1800 files and a total dataset size of roughly 12 TB.The 150-year record of this large ensemble dataset provides ample data for assessing trends and extremes and allows users to robustly assess internal variability, forced climate signals, and time of emergence at high resolutions. As the need for high resolution, robust climate datasets continues to grow, GARD-LENS will be a valuable tool for scientists and practitioners who wish to account for internal variability in their future climate analyses and adaptation plans.
DOI: 10.5065/jpsk-1g72
title: ECMWF AMEX Global Tropospheric and Stratospheric Analyses, daily 1987Jan

description: This dataset contains daily tropospheric and stratospheric analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the Australian Monsoon Experiment (AMEX) period of January 10-January 22, 1987. The grids are in GRIB Edition 0 format, and parameters include temperature, geopotential height, relative humidity, vertical motion, vorticity, and wind divergence on levels from 1000mb up to 10mb. There are also some surface variables available.
DOI: 10.5065/krn3-vf22
title: Hildebrand's HAPEX King Air Flux and Soundings

description: The Hydrologic Atmospheric Pilot Experiment (HAPEX) was a project designed to measure the hydrological budget and evaporation flux at the scale of a general circulation model grid square (104 km^2 at the time). The HAPEX research area was in the southwest part of France, and the NCAR King Air participated by making routine daytime observations of heat, moisture, and momentum fluxes during a 67-day period May 9 and July 14, 1986. This dataset contains flight-level data from 20 King Air missions.
DOI: 10.5065/6xqw-zb02
title: Multi-decadal Convection-permitting Simulation of Current Climate over South America using WRF

description: A high resolution convection-permitting climate change simulation was performed at 4 km grid spacing covering the entire continent of South America. The simulation was performed using Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model. This dataset is from a 22-year simulation representing the current climate between January 2001 and January 2022. ERA5 data was used to initialize the model and force boundary every 3 hours. This high resolution simulation allowed for much improved representation of topography, convection, and orographic precipitation and snowpack, resulting in a unique dataset that can be used to study the hydroclimate processes in South America.
DOI: 10.5065/sffy-va96
title: TWERLE Southern Hemisphere Drifting Balloon Data

description: This dataset contains data from the Tropospheric Wind Earth Radio Location Experiment (TWERLE) constant-level balloons over the Southern Hemisphere for June 1975 to August 1976. The balloon measurements were taken at pressures near 150mb and include temperature and wind.