cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634532
title: Distribution of insect galls in xeric and mesic habitats of Floresta Nacional de Silvânia, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT We investigated the insect gall distribution along savanna (xeric) and forest (mesic) vegetation in the Floresta Nacional de Silvânia, Goiás, Brazil. We tested if the insect gall diversity is higher in the xeric vegetation than in the mesic vegetation, as predicted by the hygrothermal stress hypothesis. The insect gall fauna was surveyed between December 2009 and June 2010 in two transects established each vegetation type. In total we found 186 insect gall morphotypes, distributed on 35 botanical families and 61 plant species. Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) induced the most insect galls (34.1%), and the plant family Fabaceae had the greatest richness of insect gall morphotypes (18). We recorded 99 insect gall morphotypes in the forest and 87 morphotypes in the savanna vegetation, being that none insect gall morphotype occurred in both habitats. We found that the insect gall richness and abundance did not differ between forest and savanna transects. On the other hand, the estimated insect gall richness was higher in the forest than in the savanna. Our findings contrary the hygrothermal stress hypothesis possibly because forest habitats have higher plant architecture complexity and occurrence of super-host taxa than the savanna habitats.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634532.v1
title: Distribution of insect galls in xeric and mesic habitats of Floresta Nacional de Silvânia, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT We investigated the insect gall distribution along savanna (xeric) and forest (mesic) vegetation in the Floresta Nacional de Silvânia, Goiás, Brazil. We tested if the insect gall diversity is higher in the xeric vegetation than in the mesic vegetation, as predicted by the hygrothermal stress hypothesis. The insect gall fauna was surveyed between December 2009 and June 2010 in two transects established each vegetation type. In total we found 186 insect gall morphotypes, distributed on 35 botanical families and 61 plant species. Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) induced the most insect galls (34.1%), and the plant family Fabaceae had the greatest richness of insect gall morphotypes (18). We recorded 99 insect gall morphotypes in the forest and 87 morphotypes in the savanna vegetation, being that none insect gall morphotype occurred in both habitats. We found that the insect gall richness and abundance did not differ between forest and savanna transects. On the other hand, the estimated insect gall richness was higher in the forest than in the savanna. Our findings contrary the hygrothermal stress hypothesis possibly because forest habitats have higher plant architecture complexity and occurrence of super-host taxa than the savanna habitats.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634529
title: MILK CONSUMPTION IN INFANTS UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE AND VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH NON-MATERNAL MILK CONSUMPTION

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the type of milk consumed by children under one year of age and identify variables associated with non-maternal milk consumption (formula or cow milk). Methods: Cross-sectional study developed during the 2012 National Vaccination Campaign against Poliomyelitis. The companions of 935 children under one year of age answered a structured questionnaire on the child’s diet in the last 24 hours. The estimates are presented by points, with 95%CI. F-statistics were used to check for differences in the proportion of the types of milk consumption according to the children’s age range (&lt;6 months and 6-11 months) and the association between non-maternal milk consumption and the study variables. Results: The consumption of maternal milk and child formula was higher for children under six months of age - corresponding to 82.8% (95%CI 78.5-86.3) and 70.4% (95%CI 61.4-78.0), respectively -, whereas the consumption of cow milk was higher among children between 6 and 11 months of age - 74.2% (95%CI 66.5-80.6) -, with differences in the consumption proportions (p&lt;0.0001). The variables associated with higher cow milk consumption were lower maternal education (p&lt;0.0001), the fact that the mother does not have a paid occupation (p=0.0015), child doctor’s appointment in the public health network (p&lt;0.0001) and participation in the Child’s Milk Program (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: The infants received cow’s milk early (before the first year of life), especially children from families with lower socioeconomic levels and children who took part in a specific social program for milk distribuition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634529.v1
title: MILK CONSUMPTION IN INFANTS UNDER ONE YEAR OF AGE AND VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH NON-MATERNAL MILK CONSUMPTION

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To verify the type of milk consumed by children under one year of age and identify variables associated with non-maternal milk consumption (formula or cow milk). Methods: Cross-sectional study developed during the 2012 National Vaccination Campaign against Poliomyelitis. The companions of 935 children under one year of age answered a structured questionnaire on the child’s diet in the last 24 hours. The estimates are presented by points, with 95%CI. F-statistics were used to check for differences in the proportion of the types of milk consumption according to the children’s age range (&lt;6 months and 6-11 months) and the association between non-maternal milk consumption and the study variables. Results: The consumption of maternal milk and child formula was higher for children under six months of age - corresponding to 82.8% (95%CI 78.5-86.3) and 70.4% (95%CI 61.4-78.0), respectively -, whereas the consumption of cow milk was higher among children between 6 and 11 months of age - 74.2% (95%CI 66.5-80.6) -, with differences in the consumption proportions (p&lt;0.0001). The variables associated with higher cow milk consumption were lower maternal education (p&lt;0.0001), the fact that the mother does not have a paid occupation (p=0.0015), child doctor’s appointment in the public health network (p&lt;0.0001) and participation in the Child’s Milk Program (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: The infants received cow’s milk early (before the first year of life), especially children from families with lower socioeconomic levels and children who took part in a specific social program for milk distribuition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634520
title: Protein concentrates from defatted rice bran: preparation and characterization

description: Abstract The goal of this work is to determine the optimal conditions for the obtaining of protein concentrates from rice bran. The effects of defatting processes applied to this product in laboratory and in industrial scales were investigated. Through two experimental designs were performed, and production conditions to obtain the protein concentrates were chosen with values of protein contents average 59.9% and 57.1%, with protein yields of 61.6% and 30.7%. The concentrates produced with industrially defatted rice bran showed higher digestibility and increased thermal stability compared with the product obtained with laboratory defatted rice bran. Both concentrates show molecular weight proteins below 50 kDa. The morphology of the precipitated proteins, analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, there was a great difference in the size of particles, which form the wet precipitates. The differences presented by the concentrates can be due to defatting processes which raw materials were submitted. Thus, studying the protein extraction conditions and knowing its characteristics is very important for the industry, because food processing requires knowing the behavior of each compound during and after processes they will be submitted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634520.v1
title: Protein concentrates from defatted rice bran: preparation and characterization

description: Abstract The goal of this work is to determine the optimal conditions for the obtaining of protein concentrates from rice bran. The effects of defatting processes applied to this product in laboratory and in industrial scales were investigated. Through two experimental designs were performed, and production conditions to obtain the protein concentrates were chosen with values of protein contents average 59.9% and 57.1%, with protein yields of 61.6% and 30.7%. The concentrates produced with industrially defatted rice bran showed higher digestibility and increased thermal stability compared with the product obtained with laboratory defatted rice bran. Both concentrates show molecular weight proteins below 50 kDa. The morphology of the precipitated proteins, analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, there was a great difference in the size of particles, which form the wet precipitates. The differences presented by the concentrates can be due to defatting processes which raw materials were submitted. Thus, studying the protein extraction conditions and knowing its characteristics is very important for the industry, because food processing requires knowing the behavior of each compound during and after processes they will be submitted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634517
title: Forecasting the impact of an invasive macrophyte species in the littoral zone through aquatic insect species composition

description: ABSTRACT Invasive macrophytes threaten freshwater ecosystem biodiversity. We analyzed the impact of the invasive white ginger lily (Hedychium coronarium J. König, Zingiberaceae) on aquatic insect assemblages living in the littoral zone of a tropical reservoir. We took aquatic insect samples in the littoral zone on four main vegetal profile banks: white ginger monotypic bank, forest partially invaded, native macrophyte monotypic bank and riparian forest. At each vegetal bank, we measured abiotic variables such as dissolved oxygen, pH, water temperature and depth. We analyzed the aquatic insects through abundance, richness and Simpson diversity. We used the non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (nMDS) analysis to analyze the spatial distribution of each assemblage, and Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) to verify differences amongst dissimilarity distances. Additionally, we analyzed the main taxa associated with invasive macrophytes through indicator species analyses using IndVal index. We observed that the invasive macrophyte banks presented higher abundance of associated specimens, as well as lower dissimilarity of aquatic insect assemblages. Additionally, invasive macrophytes shifted the water pH and littoral depth of reservoir banks. The IndVal index indicated eight aquatic insects as indicator species. Labrundinia unicolor Silva, 2013, Ablabesmyia depaulai Neubern, 2013 and Diastatops Rambur, 1842 were indicator species on banks. We concluded that invasion of white ginger lily caused loss of shallow littoral habitat and altered the pH of the surrounding water probably by high decomposition rate and high production of plant biomass. We suggest the use of species of aquatic insects as indicator species to monitor white ginger lily impact in freshwater systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634517.v1
title: Forecasting the impact of an invasive macrophyte species in the littoral zone through aquatic insect species composition

description: ABSTRACT Invasive macrophytes threaten freshwater ecosystem biodiversity. We analyzed the impact of the invasive white ginger lily (Hedychium coronarium J. König, Zingiberaceae) on aquatic insect assemblages living in the littoral zone of a tropical reservoir. We took aquatic insect samples in the littoral zone on four main vegetal profile banks: white ginger monotypic bank, forest partially invaded, native macrophyte monotypic bank and riparian forest. At each vegetal bank, we measured abiotic variables such as dissolved oxygen, pH, water temperature and depth. We analyzed the aquatic insects through abundance, richness and Simpson diversity. We used the non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling (nMDS) analysis to analyze the spatial distribution of each assemblage, and Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) to verify differences amongst dissimilarity distances. Additionally, we analyzed the main taxa associated with invasive macrophytes through indicator species analyses using IndVal index. We observed that the invasive macrophyte banks presented higher abundance of associated specimens, as well as lower dissimilarity of aquatic insect assemblages. Additionally, invasive macrophytes shifted the water pH and littoral depth of reservoir banks. The IndVal index indicated eight aquatic insects as indicator species. Labrundinia unicolor Silva, 2013, Ablabesmyia depaulai Neubern, 2013 and Diastatops Rambur, 1842 were indicator species on banks. We concluded that invasion of white ginger lily caused loss of shallow littoral habitat and altered the pH of the surrounding water probably by high decomposition rate and high production of plant biomass. We suggest the use of species of aquatic insects as indicator species to monitor white ginger lily impact in freshwater systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634514
title: REPLACEMENT OF NITROBENZENE BY SOYBEAN OIL AS A PROPOSAL FOR THE TEACHING OF THE VOLHARD METHOD IN QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

description: Volhard method is extensively employed in the teaching laboratories of classical quantitative analysis to chloride determination and is based on the reaction of Ag+ with Cl- and Ag+ residual titration with SCN-. Its drawback is that SCN- reacts with the AgCl(s) initially formed. Nitrobenzene is used to avoid this stripping, but it is toxic to the environment and causes problems in final disposal. This work proposed the use of soybean oil as an alternative to nitrobenzene. The traditional and modified methods were applied in the standardization of 0.05 mol L-1 KSCN solution employing 0.05000 mol L-1 NaCl standard and the proposed modification did not affect the results obtained (α = 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the variances and NaCl recovery percentage in the titration of aliquots of 5.00 to 15.00 mL of solution of this salt. The recovery percentages obtained with soybean oil on the titration of synthetic 0.07000 mol L-1 NaCl samples diluted 1:1 to 1:100 were equivalent and even better than with nitrobenzene. The chloride determination in samples of saline, whey cheese, sea water and olive brine obtained by the modified method was satisfactory when compared to the official method with relative errors below 3%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634514.v1
title: REPLACEMENT OF NITROBENZENE BY SOYBEAN OIL AS A PROPOSAL FOR THE TEACHING OF THE VOLHARD METHOD IN QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

description: Volhard method is extensively employed in the teaching laboratories of classical quantitative analysis to chloride determination and is based on the reaction of Ag+ with Cl- and Ag+ residual titration with SCN-. Its drawback is that SCN- reacts with the AgCl(s) initially formed. Nitrobenzene is used to avoid this stripping, but it is toxic to the environment and causes problems in final disposal. This work proposed the use of soybean oil as an alternative to nitrobenzene. The traditional and modified methods were applied in the standardization of 0.05 mol L-1 KSCN solution employing 0.05000 mol L-1 NaCl standard and the proposed modification did not affect the results obtained (α = 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the variances and NaCl recovery percentage in the titration of aliquots of 5.00 to 15.00 mL of solution of this salt. The recovery percentages obtained with soybean oil on the titration of synthetic 0.07000 mol L-1 NaCl samples diluted 1:1 to 1:100 were equivalent and even better than with nitrobenzene. The chloride determination in samples of saline, whey cheese, sea water and olive brine obtained by the modified method was satisfactory when compared to the official method with relative errors below 3%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634511
title: Anatomic compatibility of pear and quince trees grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the graft growth and the anatomical characterization of pear (Pyrus communis x P. pyrifolia) and quince (Cydonia oblonga) cultivars grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks. Sprouted graft percentages at 60 days and the length and diameter of the graft sproutings at 120 days were evaluated. Stem cuttings from the grafting region were performed in transversal and longitudinal sections, and the secondary xylem was separated for tissue comparison. The pear trees showed good development on P.calleryana rootstock, and the anatomical sections showed that the vascular tissues were connected, which did not occur when the trees were grafted on C.sinensis, in which the grafts sprouted, but did not develop, and the vascular tissues did not connect. The quince trees showed good development on both rootstocks due to the good connection of the vascular tissues. The connection of vascular tissues is essential for the success of grafting. The evaluated species did not differ significantly as to their secondary xylem tissues. The incompatibility found between the pear trees and the C.sinensis rootstocks is not anatomical.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634511.v1
title: Anatomic compatibility of pear and quince trees grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the graft growth and the anatomical characterization of pear (Pyrus communis x P. pyrifolia) and quince (Cydonia oblonga) cultivars grafted on Pyrus calleryana and Chaenomeles sinensis rootstocks. Sprouted graft percentages at 60 days and the length and diameter of the graft sproutings at 120 days were evaluated. Stem cuttings from the grafting region were performed in transversal and longitudinal sections, and the secondary xylem was separated for tissue comparison. The pear trees showed good development on P.calleryana rootstock, and the anatomical sections showed that the vascular tissues were connected, which did not occur when the trees were grafted on C.sinensis, in which the grafts sprouted, but did not develop, and the vascular tissues did not connect. The quince trees showed good development on both rootstocks due to the good connection of the vascular tissues. The connection of vascular tissues is essential for the success of grafting. The evaluated species did not differ significantly as to their secondary xylem tissues. The incompatibility found between the pear trees and the C.sinensis rootstocks is not anatomical.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634508
title: SYNTHESIS OF 2-(2-PYRIDYL)QUINOLINES PROMOTED BY MICROWAVES AND THEIR ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES

description: In this work a series of 2-(2- pyridyl)quinolines were prepared via a Povarov reaction between anilines, 2-pyridinocarbadehyde and ethyl vinyl ether under microwaves heating conditions. The optimized conditions herein reported allowed the preparation of several pyridylquinolines in yields in the range of 30-83%, some of them not previously accessible by this multicomponent process. The reported methodology has advantage over previous report due to its larger scope and short reaction time (2 hours). All quinolines obtained were assayed against five species of clinically important yeasts Candida sp and against Cryptococcus neoformans. Some of them possessed a broad spectrum of action including 2-(2-pyridyl)quinoline (20) and 6,8-dimethoxy-2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinolone (22) that were highly effective in inhibiting Candida species (IC50 &lt; 1.95 µg/mL against C. tropicalis and C. krusei). Some compounds were more potent than commercial drugs Nistatin and Miconazole.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634508.v1
title: SYNTHESIS OF 2-(2-PYRIDYL)QUINOLINES PROMOTED BY MICROWAVES AND THEIR ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITIES

description: In this work a series of 2-(2- pyridyl)quinolines were prepared via a Povarov reaction between anilines, 2-pyridinocarbadehyde and ethyl vinyl ether under microwaves heating conditions. The optimized conditions herein reported allowed the preparation of several pyridylquinolines in yields in the range of 30-83%, some of them not previously accessible by this multicomponent process. The reported methodology has advantage over previous report due to its larger scope and short reaction time (2 hours). All quinolines obtained were assayed against five species of clinically important yeasts Candida sp and against Cryptococcus neoformans. Some of them possessed a broad spectrum of action including 2-(2-pyridyl)quinoline (20) and 6,8-dimethoxy-2-(pyridin-2-yl)quinolone (22) that were highly effective in inhibiting Candida species (IC50 &lt; 1.95 µg/mL against C. tropicalis and C. krusei). Some compounds were more potent than commercial drugs Nistatin and Miconazole.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634505
title: Obtaining anthocyanin-rich extracts from frozen açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp using pressurized liquid extraction

description: Abstract Açai is considered a functional food, and in addition to being a source of energy and fiber, it is a valuable source of bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, minerals and fatty acids. In the present work, antioxidant-rich extracts from açai pulp were obtained using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). The effects of the independent variables, including solvent type (pure ethanol and ethanol/water (50:50 v/v)), citric acid (0 and 0.3%, w/w), pressure (20 and 80 bar) and temperature (30 and 60 °C) were evaluated using a full factorial design. The extraction was affected primarily by the solvent type and the citric acid percentage. The results indicate that the maximum overall yield (X0) was 64± 9 (%, d.b.) when the process was performed using ethanol (99.5%) and citric acid (0.3% w/w). The maximum total anthocyanin content and anthocyanin recovered from the raw material were 7 ± 1 (mg anthocyanin/g extract, d.b.) and 11 ± 2 (%, d.b.), respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634505.v1
title: Obtaining anthocyanin-rich extracts from frozen açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) pulp using pressurized liquid extraction

description: Abstract Açai is considered a functional food, and in addition to being a source of energy and fiber, it is a valuable source of bioactive compounds such as anthocyanins, minerals and fatty acids. In the present work, antioxidant-rich extracts from açai pulp were obtained using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE). The effects of the independent variables, including solvent type (pure ethanol and ethanol/water (50:50 v/v)), citric acid (0 and 0.3%, w/w), pressure (20 and 80 bar) and temperature (30 and 60 °C) were evaluated using a full factorial design. The extraction was affected primarily by the solvent type and the citric acid percentage. The results indicate that the maximum overall yield (X0) was 64± 9 (%, d.b.) when the process was performed using ethanol (99.5%) and citric acid (0.3% w/w). The maximum total anthocyanin content and anthocyanin recovered from the raw material were 7 ± 1 (mg anthocyanin/g extract, d.b.) and 11 ± 2 (%, d.b.), respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634493
title: Effects of an alternating work shift on air traffic controllers and the relationship with excessive daytime sleepiness and stress

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate symptoms of stress and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in air traffic control (ATC) officers in Brazil. Methods: Fifty-two ATC officers participated, based at three air traffic control units, identified as A, B and C. Stress symptoms were assessed using the Lipp Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults, and EDS by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Results: The sample mean age was 37 years, 76.9% of whom were male. Excessive daytime sleepiness was identified in 25% of the ATC officers, with 84.6% of these based at air traffic control unit A, which has greater air traffic flow, operating a 24-hour alternating work shift schedule. A total of 16% of the ATC officers had stress symptoms, and of these, 62% showed a predominance of physical symptoms. Conclusion: The high percentage of ATC officers with EDS identified in group A may be related to chronodisruption due to night work and alternating shifts.