cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1698
title: Zieger-Natta catalyst on magnesium chloride support prepared from magnesium complex

description: This thesis involved the preparation of disordered MgCl₂ based support and the optimization of Ziegler-Natta catalysts on magnesium chloride support prepared from magnesium complex. Magnesium complex was prepared by reacting butyloctyl magnesium with 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. The chlorination reaction of magnesium complex was performed with chlorinating agent. It was found that optimum triethylaluminium (TEA)/Mg molar ratio was 0.5. Ziegler-Natta catalyst was synthesized under different Ti/Mg molar ratio using the optimum TEA/Mg molar ratio. The performance of catalyst was evaluated by polyethylene yield under hydrogen pressures of 1 bar and 3 bars. Melt flow index (MFI) of polymers was measured and represented hydrogen response of catalyst. Activity balance (AB) value of the catalyst was calculated. Furthermore, the effect of ethyl benzoate as internal donor (ID) on catalyst property was studied. Amount of Ti and ethyl benzoate fixed on MgCl₂ surface was determined. The higher ethyl benzoate content, the lower Ti amount was fixed on MgCl₂ surface. The property of the catalyst can be further improved by varying post reaction treatment: aging time and aging temperature. It was found that the catalyst was inactive under high hydrogen concentration in polymerization condition if the aging temperature was above 85℃. The replication effect of catalyst morphology on derived polymer particles morphology was shown. It was found that the produced catalyst showed regular shape and did not cause reactor fouling. Molecular weight distribution of polymer produced from this work is similar to that of commercial one.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1699
title: Technical efficiency of university hospitals in Thailand

description: The objective of this study was to measure the university hospitals efficiency and identified the determinants of the efficiency. DEA technique specified with inputs (number of bed and number of physician) and outputs (OPD visits, IPD bed days and number of medical student year 6th) was used in the first step. 29 data from 5 university hospitals since 2001 to 2007 were analyzed. The analysis found that efficiency scores were ranged from 0.525 to 1, average was about 0.887. 72.4% of decision making units (DMUs) were found inefficiency in scale, while about 31.0% were inefficiency in technique. Among the scale inefficiency hospitals, about 95.2% were operated with decreasing returns to scale pattern. Also found that, UC implementation tended to increase technical efficiency level. Next step, regression analysis was done and the results showed that bed-physician ratio and pharmacist-physician ratio related to scale efficiency score significantly. Increasing in the ratios by 1 unit will make the score decreased by 0.08 and increased by 1.18 in sequences. For technical efficiency score was related to occupancy rate, out-patient visit-physician ratio and number of medical student year 6th-bed ratio significantly. Increasing in the factors by 1 units will make the score increased 0.01, increased 2.98E-05 and decreased 0.69 in sequences. Moreover, the study also found that hospitals under ministry of education control had higher technical efficiency level than was not. The reasons for this finding might be because of economy of scope and scale, management system and image of hospital. For policy makers, this study shows the evidence that most university hospitals were running in a decreasing return to scale pattern, so downsizing of the hospitals should be done to meet the most efficiency scale at constant return to scale pattern. Focusing on bed utilization at the maximal capacity or decreasing number of bed should be one solution to be considered because from the study shows that bed-physician ratio and occupancy rate highly significantly related to technical efficiency score.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1713
title: Carbonyl compounds in Bangkok ambient air associated with gasohol

description: This study has been conducted to focus on carbonyl compounds in Bangkok associated with gasohol. The objectives of the study were: to identify and quantify the carbonyl compounds present in urban air; to study the spatial distribution of carbonyl compounds in Bangkok urban area; and to determine the concentration of carbonyl compounds in relation to traffic density. In order to meet these objectives, ambient air samples were collected at 10 sites in Bangkok during 2007 to 2008, by using active cartridge sampler containing 2,4 DNPH and samples were extracted and analyzed using HPLC technique utilizing Compendium Method TO-11A of the US EPA as guideline. The results of the study indicated that there were 10 prevalent carbonyl compounds found both at the roadside and residential areas in Bangkok namely; formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, butyraldehyde, propionaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, benzaldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, and hexanaldehyde. Formaldehyde was abundant in Bangkok ambient air especially in the roadside areas which ranged from 5.14 to 17.2 µg/m³ (average 11.53 µg/m³) while, in the residential areas during the same period ranged from 3.06 to 19.9 µg/m³ (average 9.65 µg/m³). The concentration of acetaldehyde in roadside areas in Bangkok during the same period ranged from 1.59 to 7.95 µg/m³ (average 3.51 µg/m³) while at the residential areas the concentration of this compound, ranged from 1.07 to 8.05 µg/m³ (average 3.11 µg/m³). Concentration levels of other carbonyl compounds in Bangkok were low. It was also found that at the roadside areas, during high traffic density the concentration of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde increased. The correlation between formaldehyde concentration and car density was calculated which indicated good correlations (R²= 0.977). The correlation between acetaldehyde concentrations in the roadside area and car density was also calculated, and the (R²= 0.9256), which indicated good correlation.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1714
title: The revival of Cambodian classical dance after 1979

description: The Revival of Cambodian Classical Dance After 1979 explores the evolution of classical dance dating from the first century to the present day, with an emphasis on the post-Khmer Rouge period. The essential objective of this research is to clarify the actors, forces, and events that shaped the reconstruction of classical dance after its demise during the 1975 – 1979period. In tracing the socio-cultural, historical, and political roots of this art form, the thesis has a two-fold objective: to study the nature of the revival in the modern day period and to examine some of the contemporary challenges facing classical dance. Using qualitative methods of direct interviews of dancers from the Khmer Rouge period, as well as a review of cultural documents and media, the author finds that this revival was due to the support of a wide variety of stakeholders. The most important of these has been the dancers themselves, who have contributed their energies and creative memories to the restitution of the original dance forms. Of secondary importance are the ruling elites who throughout Cambodian history have taken an interest in preserving or restoring classical dance. Having been resurrected with the power of human and institutional resources, however, Cambodian classical dance is facing another challenge today. Classical dance has in the past decade experienced a commodification which is a direct result of an increase in international tourism and other pressures of globalization. The impact of globalization on the utility, form, and function of classical dance represents the next challenge facing the Khmer people as they struggle to preserve this important part of their national identity.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1715
title: Effect of pomegranate juice in modification of mutagenicity of nitrite treated aminopyrene and nitrite treated chicken extract using Ames test

description: The objectives of this study were to investigate the direct mutagenicity of fresh, pasteurized and sterilized pomegranate juices and their effects on mutagenesis induced by nitrite treated 1-aminopyrene and nitrite treated chicken extract in the absence of metabolic activation on Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100. It was found that fresh juice was not mutagenic on both strains either with or without nitrite treatment. The pasteurized and sterilized juices exhibited slight mutagenicity on TA98, but on TA100, only day90 sterilized juice exhibited slightly mutagenic at 24.67 mg/plate. Fresh juice, pasteurized juices kept for 0 and 7 days and sterilized juices kept for 0, 30 and 90 days were evaluated for their antimutagenicity against nitrite treated 1-aminopyrene and nitrite treated chicken extract. Fresh pomegranate juice did not show antimutagenic activity but it presented co-mutagenic effect. It might be due to unknown natural compounds from arils and/or seeds. Pasteurized juices presented negligible effect (0-20%). On the other hand, sterilized juice kept for 90 days exhibited weak antimutagenic activity (31-34% inhibition) against nitrite treated 1- aminopyrene, but exhibited moderate co-mutagenic activity (46–57% enhancement) with nitrite treated 1- aminopyrene. This was possibly due to some flavonoids and tannins that could enhance activating enzymes of mutagens (nitroreductase and O-acetyltransferase) in Salmonella cell or induce the bacterial membrane permeability.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1716
title: Community-based disaster management in Myanmar : the case of cyclone Nargis affected communities in Bogale township, Ayeyarwady division

description: This study aims to identify and assess existing efforts of the local people in managing natural disaster at the community level. It also explores the necessary conditions for the promotion of community-based disaster management focusing on three communities of Bogale Township, Ayeyarwady delta, including Ma Gu Ywar Ma, Pay Chaung Lay and Thar Yar Gone villages. Exploratory and qualitative methods are used in the study. Analysis is based on empirical field observations guided by disaster management framework of the UN agencies, international non-governmental organizations and local non-governmental organizations concerned. The study evaluates the government policies and framework on disaster management, and the role of local communities in disaster relief activities. Local household members were interviewed. The study finds the villagers were able to organize themselves at a minimum level, e.g., maintaining relief items in their communities' warehouses, and reconstructing the school. Aspects of community disaster management were not well established such as early warning system and evacuation protocols as well as the humanitarian relief operation. This reflects upon the government's initial arrangement for the community was not adequate. The ability to mobilize and utilize local resources and the capacity of local communities still requires continuous national and international assistance. Under the strictly control of the government's command over the relief operation, the community-based disaster management cannot be fully exercised. This is due to the fact that the community needs to access to the initial humanitarian relief to be able to play a greater role in reviving their livelihoods; and the two-way communication channels with other actors including the government agencies is not established.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1717
title: Comparision of structural property of cubic GaN films grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy on (311) and on (001) GaAs substrates / Nuttapong Discharoen

description: Strain and hexagonal phase generation in c-GaN layers grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy on (001) GaAs and on (311) GaAs substrates were investigated using HRXRD and Raman scattering. The results show that c-GaN films are compressive. This contrasts with results which should be under tensile strain. In addition, c-GaN films have a cubic structure which is generated on the (001) and (311) planes and contain some amount of hexagonal phase generated on plane. From HRXRD results, it is found that the relief of strains in the c-GaN layers has a complicated dependence on the growth conditions. We interpreted this as the interaction between the lattice mismatch and thermal mismatch stresses. The fully relaxed lattice constants of cubic GaN are determined to be 4.5045 ± 0.0021 Å, which is in agreement with the theoretical prediction of 4.503 Å. The c-GaN layers contain 25-85% hexagonal phase inclusion. Although, the hexagonal phase inclusion in c-GaN layers on GaAs (311) cannot be determined by HRXRD measurement. On the other hand, Raman scattering is a very sensitive method for measuring an existence of hexagonal phase. The hexagonal phase inclusion determined by Raman spectroscopy technique, HRaman, exhibits a linear dependence on the HXRD, providing a useful calibration method to determine the hexagonal phase inclusion in c-GaN layers.
DOI: 10.17632/fktrsc7kb3.1
title: Data for: Study on Modified Maximum Extension Length Prediction Model for Horizontal Wells Considering Differential Sticking

description: Research data of Figs.3-9 in the manuscript.
DOI: 10.25345/c52w9h
title: MassIVE MSV000084220 - MSstats splitplot method for protein quantitation in MS datasets-SRM controlled mixture
title: Digested Escherichia coli protein extract were mixed with 89 different isotopically-labelled reference heavy peptides (5 pmol, 15N2,13C6-Lys, 15N4,13C6-Arg), and with different amounts of the corresponding light peptides (10 pmol, 5 pmol, 2.5 pmol), as 1, 2 and 4, respectively. Light peptides were dived in three different subsets and five different mixtures were prepared in triplicates. SRM measurements for the light-heavy synthetic peptides were performed on a hybrid triple quadrupole/ion trap mass spectrometer (4000 Q-Trap, AB Sciex) equipped with a nano-LC electrospray ionization source. Details are available in description.pdf
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1718
title: Effect of fructooligosaccharides on constipation in pediatric patients at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health

description: This randomized prospective parallel trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on chronic constipation in 4-12 year-old pediatric patients at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health (n = 54). The subjects were divided into 2 groups. The first group was treated with 2.4 grams of milk of magnesia (MOM) per day and the other group was treated with 5 grams of FOS per day for the duration of 6 weeks. All subjects performed defecation pattern record before and after treatments and also recorded defecation and adverse effects during receiving the treatments. Dietary intake at the beginning and the last week of the treatments were assessed by 24-hour recall and 3-day food record respectively to determine total energy, protein, carbohydrate, fat, dietary fiber, and water intakes per day. In addition, nutritional status of the subjects were assessed 3 times of visit (at baseline, week 2 and week 6 of the treatments) by weight and height measurements Results of FOS treatment in constipated pediatric patients showed a significant increase in the stool frequency, improvement of stool consistency, no straining, no pain at anus and blood-streaked stool during defecation when compared with baselines (p &lt; 0.001). Dietary patterns of the subjects in the FOS and MOM groups at the beginning of the study were not significantly different. After the intervention, the amount of protein and fat intakes in the MOM group were significantly greater than those in the FOS group (p = 0.046 and 0.039 respectively). The proportion of dietary fiber intake in the FOS and MOM groups increased after the treatments compared to baseline. The nutritional status of all subjects was in normal range. It indicated that FOS did not interfere the growth status. The efficacy in treatment of constipation with FOS and MOM were not significantly different (p = 0.361). Twenty-four percent of the subjects treated with FOS suffered from adverse effects including abdominal pain, flatulence, flatus, and nausea; however, these effects were not serious. This study indicated that FOS could be an alternative choice to treat chronic pediatric constipation.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1719
title: Phase equilibrium optimization using differential evolution with the gradient-based repair method

description: Phase equilibrium computations using the Gibbs free energy minimization correspond to mass balance and thermodynamic model of the system are the global optimization problem and usually solved by the Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs). However, the equality constraint-handling techniques of the EAs have been still insufficient. Thus, the aim of this work is to develop the EAs for the efficient phase equilibrium computation by using the gradient-based algorithm to handle the equality constraints in Differential Evolution (DE). Moreover, a new objective function for the phase equilibrium problems modeled with the SAFT (Statistical Associating Fluid Theory) equation of state is proposed in this work. The new objective function uses the thermodynamic fundamental equation information in stead of the fugacity equation. The results show that the solutions obtained from our developed DE have smaller constraint violation than that of traditional DE. In addition, the Gibbs free energy value obtained and the number of function evaluation are also investigated in this work. The solutions obtained by our developed method with the SAFT model agree well with previous research and experimental works for the system of non-associating molecule.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1720
title: Antioxidant evaluation and formulation development of Zingiber officinale extract loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles for skin delivery

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate antioxidative activity of ginger extracts, to formulate and characterize solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) containing ginger extract. Ginger extracts which were reported to contain the main principle namely, [6]-gingerol were evaluated using the DPPH method and the hydroxyl radicals scavenging assay. The DPPHscavenging activity of acetone and isolated [6]-gingerol extracts were lower than vitamin E and vitamin C, while the standard [6]-gingerol had the greatest activity. In the hydroxyl radical scavenging test, acetone and isolated [6]-gingerol extract exhibited higher activity than quercetin. Consequently, acetone extract which was prepared by simple extraction method was selected to load in SLN. SLN were produced by high pressure homogenization technique using two lipids, glyceryl palmitostearate (GP) and glyceryl behenate (GB). Either Poloxamer 188 (P188) or Tween 80 (Tw80) of 1-5% was used as stabilizer. The sizes measured by photon correlation spectroscopy of GP-SLN were smaller than those of GB-SLN with acceptable size distribution. SLN displayed better stability profiles at 4 °C than at room temperature. Six stable SLN formulations were obtained from the GP-SLN with 3 and 5% of P188 or Tw80 and GB-SLN with 3 and 5% Tw80. The particle sizes from transmission electron electroscopy of SLN were predominantly 200-300 nm. The entrapment efficiency of [6]-gingerol of six formulations were ranged from 84.36-96.24% and changed to 78.91- 93.26% at 2 months storage. Differential scanning calorimetry and powder x-ray diffraction studies revealed that lipid transformation to stable polymorph was occurred during storage and affected the expulsion of ginger extract from lipid core. The release profiles showed that [6]-gingerol released approximately 25-30% from all SLN formulations was achieved at 24 hours. The sustained release profiles were performed according to high entrapment efficiency of SLN. The release mechanism of [6]-gingerol was analyzed to be proportional to the square root of time, indicating that [6]-gingerol might be released from the nanoparticles by diffusion. The skin permeation study using porcine skin as model membrane showed that [6]-gingerol permeated into skin approximately 2.54±0.43%.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1721
title: A haunting past : the role of ghosts in reflecting Chinese immigrants' identity in Amy Tan's novels

description: วิทยานิพนธ์ฉบับนี้ศึกษาการนำเสนอผีและบทบาทของผีในนวนิยายสามเรื่องของเอมี่ ตัน นักเขียนชาวอเมริกันเชื้อสายจีน ได้แก่ เรื่อง เดอะ คิทเช่นก็อดไวฟ์ เดอะ โบนเซ็ตเตอรส์ดอเทอร์ และ เดอะ ฮันเดรดซีเครตเซ้นส์ โดยมีวัตถุประสงค์ในการศึกษาเพื่อแสดงให้เห็นว่าภาพของผีและธรรมชาติที่จับต้องไม่ได้ของผีซึ่งทำให้เกิดภาวะมีอยู่แต่มองไม่เห็น สามารถนำมาใช้เพื่อบรรยายถึงลักษณะของวัฒนธรรมและบทบาทของตัวละครสตรีในงานเขียนชาติพันธุ์ นอกจากผีจะสามารถสื่อถึงภาวะไร้อำนาจของตัวละครได้แล้ว วิทยานิพนธ์นี้ยังนำเสนอการอ่านผีในมุมมองใหม่ซึ่งสามารถมองได้ว่าผีเป็นแหล่งที่มาของอำนาจและการต่อต้านสำหรับตัวละครชายขอบ การศึกษานี้ใช้บทวิเคราะห์ของแคทลีน โบรแกน ในหนังสือ Cultural Haunting: Ghosts and Ethnicity in Recent American Literature (2005) ซึ่งกล่าวถึงบทบาทของผีที่ปรากฎอยู่ในนวนิยายว่าผีสื่อถึงความเสื่อมสูญและความต่อเนื่องทางวัฒนธรรมโดยทำหน้าที่เชื่อมโยงช่องว่างระหว่างวัฒนธรรม นอกจากนี้ ในนวนิยายทั้งสามเรื่องยังแสดงให้เห็นถึงสภาวะเงียบของตัวละครสตรีชาวอเมริกันเชื้อสายจีนซึ่งเรื่องเล่าและอดีตของตัวละครเหล่านี้ถูกละเลยและกดทับโดยเรื่องเล่ากระแสหลัก (Official Narrative) ดังนั้นภาพของผีจึงสื่อถึงสถานะความเป็นอื่นของตัวละครสตรีชาวอเมริกันเชื้อสายจีนที่ไร้ซึ่งอัตลักษณ์และตัวตน อย่างไรก็ตาม สภาวะที่คลุมเครือของผีซึ่งท้าทายต่อความพยายามที่จะควบคุมหรือให้คำนิยามความเป็นผี ทำให้อาจมองได้ว่าผีเป็นรูปแบบหนึ่งของการต่อต้านวัฒนธรรมกระแสหลักและเรื่องเล่ากระแสหลัก (Official Narrative) ที่พยายามจะลบล้างความเป็นอื่นซึ่งถูกถ่ายทอดผ่านภาพลักษณ์ของผี
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2008.1722
title: Factors influencing child workers' migration from Lao PDR to Thailand and its consequences : a case study of child domestic workers

description: The geographical, cultural and linguistic links between Laos and Thailand are factors for people migration. However, seeking better income opportunity is the reason for migration. The objectives of this study are to examine factors influencing the decision of child domestic workers from Lao PDR to migrate to THailand, to examine the work conditions of child domestic workers, and to study the consequences child domestic workers after returning and parental attitudes of child migration. The study was conducted in Vientiane capital, Bolikhamxai and Savannakhet provinces. 101 (female 96 and male 5) who used to work as domestic workers in Thailand were interviewed. In addition, parents, village headmen and district officials of the Ministry of Social Welfare were included. The study found that the main factor influencing child worker's migration from Laos to Thailand is personal expectations to earn more incomes. Their working conditions are relatively poor; 66% have to work for 12 hours a day, 61% have a day off while 36% have no day off. 62% received 3000-5000 Bath while 30% received less than 3000 Bath. 14% experienced soome kinds of abuses. The study also found that parental attitudes of child migration are positive since they do not bring back only economic benefits but potentially some new skills and knowledge. On the other hand, parents have seen a few child returnees imported a new culture in term of living style, behavior and dress which is contradicted with local norms and culture. Their living conditions after returning are better improved because of savings, new knowledge and skills they gained, which are more significant for them and family.