cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/h9v9-9g96
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Genovesa Crater Lake, Galápagos 400 Year Sediment Elemental Data

description: Genovesa Crater Lake is a remote, hypersaline lake in the northern Galápagos archipelago that contains a finely laminated sediment record. This sediment record has the potential to provide a high-resolution history of past climate variability in the eastern tropical Pacific. Here we present modern climate, lake, and sediment observations from 2009 to 2012 to explore how local climate variability influences Genovesa Crater Lake and its sediments. Surface lake temperature is strongly linked to air temperature and is highly seasonal. Temperature stratification is strongest during the warm season, whereas temperature becomes more uniform through the water column in the cool season. Deeper and earlier mixing occurred during the 2010 La Niña, which subsequently delayed 2011 cool season mixing and maximum warm season surface temperatures in 2011 and 2012. Lake salinity changes are influenced by precipitation, evaporation and persistent seawater influx. The largest declines in subsurface salinity follow months after the rainy season, when temperatures cool and fresher surface water from the previous warm/wet season mixes into the subsurface. Between 2009 and 2012, more calcium carbonate precipitated during a period of higher salinity. The period of highest calcium carbonate abundance measured in sediment records that span the late nineteenth to twentieth century coincides with the failure of two consecutive rainy seasons in 1988 and 1989 as well as the coldest monthly sea surface temperature measured at Puerto Ayora in 1989. More calcium carbonate-rich laminae from AD 1550 ± 70 to 1675 ± 90 may indicate a greater frequency of prolonged droughts or cooler temperatures, although enhanced productivity may also modulate carbonate precipitation. More Ca-rich laminae in Genovesa coincide with dry conditions inferred from other Galápagos sediment proxies, as well as prolonged dry and cool conditions inferred from reconstructions of the Southern Oscillation Index and NINO3 sea surface temperatures.
description: Sediment elemental geochemistry and lake water chemistry measurements from Genovesa Crater Lake, Galápagos
DOI: 10.25921/h1nx-5503
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Marcinkowski - Hidden Lake - TSME - ITRDB WA145

description: Mountain hemlock growth chronologies were used to reconstruct the mass balance of South Cascade Glacier, an alpine glacier in the North Cascade Range of Washington State. The net balance reconstruction spans 350 years, from 1659 to 2009. Summer and winter balances were reconstructed for 1346-2009 and 1615-2009, respectively. Relationships between mass balance and winter precipitation, temperature, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index, and the El Nino Southern Oscillation index indicate that these influence glacier balance at various temporal scales. Above-average net, summer, and winter mass balance occurred mainly in 1690-1710, 1810-1820, 1845-1860, 1865-1890, and 1975-1990, and below-average balance periods include 1680-1690, 1790-1810, 1820-1840, and 1930-1960. Above- and below-average reconstructed mass balances at South Cascade Glacier were concurrent with similar periods from other glacier balance reconstructions in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Agreement among these records suggests that changes in South Cascade Glacier mass balance are good indicators of regional balance fluctuations, and glaciers in the Pacific Northwest are responding similarly to regional external forcings. The current rate of decline, from 2000 to 2009, in the reconstructed balance record has been faster than any decline in a century. This decreasing trend is projected to continue with increasing temperatures, and will likely affect glacier-influenced water resources in the Pacific Northwest.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/h0qc-1372
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Marcinkowski - Minotaur Lake - TSME - ITRDB WA146

description: Mountain hemlock growth chronologies were used to reconstruct the mass balance of South Cascade Glacier, an alpine glacier in the North Cascade Range of Washington State. The net balance reconstruction spans 350 years, from 1659 to 2009. Summer and winter balances were reconstructed for 1346-2009 and 1615-2009, respectively. Relationships between mass balance and winter precipitation, temperature, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation index, and the El Nino Southern Oscillation index indicate that these influence glacier balance at various temporal scales. Above-average net, summer, and winter mass balance occurred mainly in 1690-1710, 1810-1820, 1845-1860, 1865-1890, and 1975-1990, and below-average balance periods include 1680-1690, 1790-1810, 1820-1840, and 1930-1960. Above- and below-average reconstructed mass balances at South Cascade Glacier were concurrent with similar periods from other glacier balance reconstructions in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Agreement among these records suggests that changes in South Cascade Glacier mass balance are good indicators of regional balance fluctuations, and glaciers in the Pacific Northwest are responding similarly to regional external forcings. The current rate of decline, from 2000 to 2009, in the reconstructed balance record has been faster than any decline in a century. This decreasing trend is projected to continue with increasing temperatures, and will likely affect glacier-influenced water resources in the Pacific Northwest.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/h7mt-et79
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Measurements of d18O on the Planktic Foraminifer Trilobatus sacculifer from different ocean basins

description: Oxygen isotope ratios (d18O) measured from planktic foraminifer shells are commonly used to reconstruct past surface-ocean conditions, yet the shells of many planktic foraminifers are an aggregate mixture of multiple carbonate phases with differing d18O compositions. Here we demonstrate how secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) can be used to measure intra-shell d18O heterogeneity by performing in situ analyses on micrometer-scale (3-10 μm) domains within individual shells of the extant, mixed layer species Trilobatus sacculifer. SIMS measurements on shells taken from Holocene-aged sediments at three sites in different ocean basins confirm that the d18O of gametogenic (GAM) calcite added to shells during the terminal (reproductive) stage of the life cycle is 1.0-1.4‰ higher than that of pre-gametogenic (PREGAM) calcite. Examination of shells in cross-section reveals that many have suffered varying degrees of internal dissolution, which further skews whole-shell d18O compositions toward higher values by preferentially removing low d18O PREGAM calcite. The results of this study echo the calls of earlier studies cautioning that spatiotemporal changes in the proportion of high d18O GAM calcite should be considered when assessing T. sacculifer d18O records generated via conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometry.
description: Provided Keywords: paleoceanography, foraminifera, oxygen isotopes, ion microprobe
DOI: 10.25921/hw52-rp85
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Cerrato - Bosco Antico - LADE - ITRDB ITAL050

description: The ongoing rise of the global mean temperature with an unprecedented recorded rate is well documented. Nevertheless, the knowledge of the past climate variations is fundamental for better understanding the ongoing climate change. This need is crucial in high mountain areas, where the effects of global warming are amplified and induce an accelerated glacial retreat. Thus, the use of climatic sensitive proxies such as tree-ring width offers tools to better comprehend the environmental dynamics in these sensible sites. Here we present the Bosco Antico composite chronology, a six-centuries long dataset from the most ancient living wood in Val di Sole area (Southern Rhaetian Alps, Italy), and its relationship with summer mean temperatures. The analyses were performed on earlywood and latewood separately as well as on tree rings width using static, moving and within-year correlations. The results pointed out that tree-rings and earlywood width are linked with June temperatures whereas latewood width is mainly driven by July temperatures. All the analyzed series are greatly influenced by June to July and June to August temperature showing different correlation indexes. Finally, a mean summer latewood-based temperature reconstruction since 1525 is proposed. Our results add an important dataset for a particular climatic area, allowing a better understanding of the climate dynamics and improving local as well as regional climate reconstructions.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/hvzb-fw22
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Brantner - Alan Seeger Natural Area - QUSP - ITRDB PA017

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the USGS Elevation Point Query Service (epqs) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/hvf4-tp30
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Beier - Nemo - CHNO - ITRDB AK158

description: Decline of yellow-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis ((D. Don) Spach) has occurred on 200 000 ha of temperate rainforests across southeastern Alaska. Because declining forests appeared soon after the Little Ice Age and are limited mostly to low elevations (whereas higher elevation forests remain healthy), recent studies have hypothesized a climatic mechanism involving early dehardening, reduced snowpack, and freezing injury. This hypothesis assumes that a specific suite of microclimatic conditions occurs during late winter and declining cedar populations across the region have responded similarly to these conditions. Based on the first geographically extensive tree ring chronologies constructed for southeastern Alaska, we tested these assumptions by investigating regional climatic trends and the growth responses of declining cedar populations to this climatic variation. Warming winter trends were observed for southeastern Alaska, resulting in potentially injurious conditions for yellow-cedar due to reduced snowfall and frequent occurrence of severe thaw-freeze events. Declining cedar forests shared a common regional chronology for which late-winter weather was the best predictor of annual growth of surviving trees. Overall, our findings verify the influence of elevational gradients of temperature and snow cover on exposure to climatic stressors, support the climatic hypothesis across large spatial and temporal scales, and suggest cedar decline may expand with continued warming.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/h1cz-0g28
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - de Graauw - Sydenstricker House - QUAL - ITRDB WV029

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Chronology derived from log building (Sydenstricker House; SH). NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-03-09.
DOI: 10.25921/hzzk-pv22
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pederson - Limestone Ridge Road - PSME - ITRDB MT163

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Upper Missouri River Basin Streamflow project NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-01-15.
DOI: 10.25921/h420-4a16
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Gutiérrez - Massis de Pedraforca - PIUN - ITRDB SPAI084

description: Aim

The aim was to decipher Europe‐wide spatio-temporal patterns of forest growth dynamics and their associations with carbon isotope fractionation processes inferred from tree rings as modulated by climate warming.
Location

Europe and North Africa (30-70 N, 10 W-35 E).
Time period

1901-2003.
Major taxa studied

Temperate and Euro-Siberian trees.
Methods

We characterize changes in the relationship between tree growth and carbon isotope fractionation over the 20th century using a European network consisting of 20 site chronologies. Using indexed tree-ring widths (TRWi), we assess shifts in the temporal coherence of radial growth across sites (synchrony) for five forest ecosystems (Atlantic, boreal, cold continental, Mediterranean and temperate). We also examine whether TRWi shows variable coupling with leaf-level gas exchange, inferred from indexed carbon isotope discrimination of tree-ring cellulose (Delta13Ci).

Results

We find spatial autocorrelation for TRWi and Delta13Ci extending over a maximum of 1,000 km among forest stands. However, growth synchrony is not uniform across Europe, but increases along a latitudinal gradient concurrent with decreasing temperature and evapotranspiration. Latitudinal relationships between TRWi and Delta13Ci (changing from negative to positive southwards) point to drought impairing carbon uptake via stomatal regulation for water saving occurring at forests below 60 N in continental Europe. An increase in forest growth synchrony over the 20th century together with increasingly positive relationships between TRWi and Delta13Ci indicate intensifying impacts of drought on tree performance. These effects are noticeable in drought-prone biomes (Mediterranean, temperate and cold continental).
Main conclusions

At the turn of this century, convergence in growth synchrony across European forest ecosystems is coupled with coordinated warming-induced effects of drought on leaf physiology and tree growth spreading northwards. Such a tendency towards exacerbated moisture-sensitive growth and physiology could override positive effects of enhanced leaf intercellular CO2 concentrations, possibly resulting in Europe‐wide declines of forest carbon gain in the coming decades.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-01-15.
DOI: 10.25921/haes-wq80
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Gut - Feusisberg-Friesischwand - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT371

description: The pairwise statistical comparison of ring-width series is the basic analysis of dendro-provenancing studies. It is assumed that statistical proximity indicates similar provenance, but this assumption often remains untested. Especially for small areas with high topographic complexity, it is unknown to what extent statistical proximity and geographical provenance are correlated.

In this paper, dendro-provenancing is framed as a search for statistical Nearest Neighbors. The 'k-Nearest Neighbors leave one-out cross-validation' process (k-NN) is proposed as a method for validating dendro-provenancing approaches. Furthermore, it allows researchers to consistently compare and evaluate different proximity measures with respect to their suitability for dendro-provenancing. The validation process is demonstrated on a data set of 401 ring-width series of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) encompassing 15 sites along elevational gradients in north-eastern Switzerland. Moreover, a new type of plot, the so-called scissor plot, is introduced to visualize the k-NN validation process.

Results indicate that dendro-provenancing depends heavily on differences in between sites high-frequency signal. Mean classification success for the relevant stages of the k-NN (CSRopen) ranged from 71.8% to 79.2% for the best performing measures. Classification errors occurred mainly between sites at elevations of 1000-1198 m a.s.l. At all other elevations and between different regions of the study area, only moderate differences in classification performance were detected. Thus, the results indicate that dendro-provenancing may be principally feasible even in a small region as studied here.
description: dendro-provenance study NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-03-09.
DOI: 10.25921/h8ay-ww45
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Baldwin Lake, California 120ky Multi-Proxy Sediment Data

description: A multiproxy record from Baldwin Lake, San Bernardino Mountains, allowed us to examine variation and relationships between erosion, wildfire, vegetation, and climate in subalpine Southern California from 120 to 15 ka. Bulk organics, biogenic silica, and molar C:N data were generally antiphased with magnetic and trace element data and displayed long-term (105 year) shifts between autochthonous and allocthonous deposition. This was most pronounced during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, and we hypothesize that local summer insolation was the primary driver for Baldwin Lake's productive and unproductive lake state alternations. Wildfire history was inferred from charcoal concentrations and vegetation change from pollen. Relationships between these ecological processes, basin deposition, and summer insolation were often nonlinear. Sagebrush expansion, wildfire, and weak basin weathering characterized MIS 4, while during MIS 2, the basin was highly erosive, rarely burned, and the forest was impacted by shifts in Southern Californian hydroclimate. Despite coniferous forest cover throughout MIS 3, submillennial oscillations in charcoal, pollen, and bulk organic content occurred, consistent with pollen records from Eurasia's Mediterranean biome that span multiple glacial-interglacial cycles. Highly resolved global CO2 records and sea surface temperatures in key regions of the Pacific show no apparent relationship to these landscape conditions, and we suggest submillennial hydroclimatic variability as a potential driver. Highly resolved long pollen records from Southern California are an urgent research need to better understand the finer-scale (<=103 year) interactions between past vegetation, wildfire, and erosion, given the current natural disaster risks that 21st century climate change poses to both human and ecological communities.
description: Chronology, magnetic susceptibility, LOI and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from Baldwin Lake, San Bernardino Mountains, California.
DOI: 10.25921/hagx-zg49
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Wilson - Landslide Expansion - PCGL - ITRDB CANA600

description: In north-western North America, the so-called divergence problem (DP) is expressed in tree ring width (RW) as an unstable temperature signal in recent decades. Maximum latewood density (MXD), from the same region, shows minimal evidence of DP. While MXD is a superior proxy for summer temperatures, there are very few long MXD records from North America. Latewood blue intensity (LWB) measures similar wood properties as MXD, expresses a similar climate response, is much cheaper to generate and thereby could provide the means to profoundly expand the extant network of temperature sensitive tree-ring (TR) chronologies in North America. In this study, LWB is measured from 17 white spruce sites (Picea glauca) in south-western Yukon to test whether LWB is immune to the temporal calibration instabilities observed in RW. A number of detrending methodologies are examined. The strongest calibration results for both RW and LWB are consistently returned using age-dependent spline (ADS) detrending within the signal-free (SF) framework. RW data calibrate best with June-July maximum temperatures (Tmax), explaining up to 28% variance, but all models fail validation and residual analysis. In comparison, LWB calibrates strongly (explaining 43-51% of May-August Tmax) and validates well. The reconstruction extends to 1337 CE, but uncertainties increase substantially before the early 17th century because of low replication. RW-, MXD- and LWB-based summer temperature reconstructions from the Gulf of Alaska, the Wrangell Mountains and Northern Alaska display good agreement at multi-decadal and higher frequencies, but the Yukon LWB reconstruction appears potentially limited in its expression of centennial-scale variation. While LWB improves dendroclimatic calibration, future work must focus on suitably preserved sub-fossil material to increase replication prior to 1650 CE.
description: Yukon ringwidth and inverted Blue Intensity data, used in the Wilson et al. 2019 reconstructions. This data set includes Landslide data previously archived as CANA354, with additional cores and Blue Intesity data added. The Blue Intensity data are inverted in order to track maximum density data NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-03-09.
DOI: 10.25921/hk56-v735
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pearl - Saco Heath Bog - CHTH - ITRDB ME040

description: High-resolution paleoclimate records are essential for improving our understanding of internal variability and the detection and attribution of forced climate system responses. The densely populated northeastern United States is at risk from increasing temperatures, severe droughts, and extreme precipitation, but the region has limited annual and seasonal-resolution paleoclimate records beyond the instrumental record. Chamaecyparis thyoides, L. (B.S.P.), Atlantic white cedar, a wetland conifer found within 200 km of the Atlantic coastline of the United States, is a promising tree-ring proxy that can fill in these data gaps. Here, we develop and analyze a new network of Atlantic white cedar tree-ring chronologies across the northeastern United States and demonstrate that site selection is important for regional paleoclimate reconstructions. Ring width variability reflects winter through summer temperatures at inland and hydrologically stable sites in the northernmost section of the species' range. Ombrotrophic sites along the coast record hydrological signals and correlate with growing season precipitation. We demonstrate skillful regional climate field reconstructions for the last several centuries and show the increased skill from incorporating our moisture sensitive sites into broad-scale products like the North American Drought Atlas. This comprehensive understanding of the species' climate responses leads to a tree-ring network that provides the long-term multivariate climate context at multidecadal and centennial time scales for the large-scale ocean-atmospheric processes that influence the climate of the region. We use this network to examine the covariance of temperature and drought across the New England area over the past two centuries.
description: These data were collected as part of northeastern United States network of Atlantic white cedar. They were used to generate a gridded temperature reconstruction for the region. Two or three cores per tree were extracted from each tree and labelled as "A", "B" or "C". NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-05-11.