cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/bfd085ef64c38cefb1a9dec248d6c910
title: Soil Respiration at Forest Edges along an Urban to Rural Gradient in Massachusetts since 2018

description: As urbanization and forest fragmentation increase around the globe, it is critical to understand how rates of respiration and carbon losses from soil carbon pools are affected by these processes. This study characterizes soils in fragmented forests along an urban to rural gradient, evaluating the sensitivity of soil respiration to changes in soil temperature and moisture near the forest edge. While previous studies found elevated rates of soil respiration at temperate forest edges in rural areas compared to the forest interior, we find that soil respiration is suppressed at the forest edge in urban areas. At urban sites, respiration rates are 25% lower at the forest edge relative to the interior, likely due to high temperature and aridity conditions near urban edges. While rural soils continue to respire with increasing temperatures, urban soil respiration rates asymptote as temperatures climb and soils dry. Soil temperature- and moisture-sensitivity modeling show that respiration rates in urban soils are less sensitive to rising temperatures than those in rural soils. Scaling these results to Massachusetts (MA), which encompasses 0.25 Mha of urban forest, we find that failure to account for decreases in soil respiration rates near urban forest edges leads to an overestimate of growing-season soil carbon fluxes of greater than 350,000 MgC. This difference is almost 2.5 times that for rural soils in the analogous comparison (underestimate of less than 143,000 MgC), even though rural forest area is more than four times greater than urban forest area in MA. While a changing climate may stimulate carbon losses from rural forest edge soils, urban forests may experience enhanced soil carbon sequestration near the forest edge. These findings highlight the need to capture the effects of forest fragmentation and land use context when making projections about soil behavior and carbon cycling in a warming and increasingly urbanized world. 
 We provide soil respiration, soil temperature and soil volumetric water content (VWC) data collected from forest edge soils at 8 field sites in Massachusetts.
DOI: 10.25828/5zye-y989
title: Consumer Price Index 1970-2023
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/e57b1e40c303788e76b8977f84070bad
title: Oak Forest Response to Lymantria dispar Defoliation in Central Massachusetts since 2019

description: Invasive forest insects are a major global change driver, and the Northeastern U.S. is an invasion hotspot. Lymantria dispar is one of the region’s most destructive defoliators. After thirty years of quiescence, a surprisingly severe outbreak began in 2015 in southern New England, and by 2018 had caused dramatic oak mortality across thousands of forested acres.
 Lymantria dispar is considered a generalist, but in New England, oaks (Quercus sp.) are its preferred host trees. Oaks are key overstory trees in eastern North America. In New England, they have been a dominant component of the forest for thousands of years, and play a leading role in providing habitat, timber, and carbon sequestration. However, oak prominence is declining throughout New England. 
 The reasons for oak’s decreasing abundance are the subject of lively debate but the role of L. dispar is likely underappreciated. Therefore, we need to understand the causes and consequences of oak dieback and mortality to this disturbance event, so that we can better predict responses to future outbreaks. To address this need, we established a set of permanent plots in central Massachusetts, chosen to capture a range of defoliation severity.
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/e17902bafcbf65f02834b4d9fd5d52a3
title: Survey of Wild Bee Pollinators on Nyssa Sylvatica at Harvard Forest since 2021

description: Black gum (Nyssa sylvatica) is amongst the latest blooming canopy species to produce vast numbers of flowers and abundant nectar and pollen within forests of the Northeastern United States, a position previously held by the American Chestnut (Castanea dentata). Prior research indicates N. sylvatica is insect pollinated and wild bees have been observed visiting flowers; we are unaware, however, of any detailed surveys and/or characterization of the Nyssa-associated wild bee community in the Northeastern United States. Wild bee species frequent the canopy from early to late spring, presumably to forage, prior to being found in blooming crops such as apple and strawberry later in the season. The late bloom time of N. sylvatica (in early June) may extend floral resource availability in the temperate forest canopy and support forest-associated wild bee communities prior to the bloom of summer-flowering plant species.
DOI: 10.24432/c50p62
title: NASA Flood Extent Detection
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/f45d80898bd7c9c7f2b2fbda5dcec0eb
title: Root Systems of Individual Plants Worldwide 2022

description: The above- and below-ground sizes and shapes of plants strongly influence plant competition, community structure, and plant-environment interactions, but the plant size and shape across climate regimes remain incompletely understood. In this study I seek to understand how plant geometries respond to varying climates via trade-offs in shoot height and width, and root depth and spread. I more than doubled the Root Systems of Individual Plants (RSIP) database to contain 5,647 observations, to our knowledge the largest database describing the maximum rooting depth, lateral spread, and shoot size of terrestrial plants in the world. Shoot size and root system size strongly covary. Across climatic gradients woody plants show deeper-narrower root systems in arid climates and taller shoots in humid climates. Phylogeny greatly influences shoot size. Rooting depth is primarily influenced by climate seasonality and lateral root spread is strongly influenced by shoot size. Using our newly expanded global database I found that shoot size covaries strongly with rooting system size; however, these relationships are not static across the climate space, as the geometries of plants shift considerably.
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/eb856519e993f084e82677e710ed7bac
title: Assessing Plant Phenological Patterns in Tropical Brazil 1901–2020

description: Phenology is a key biological trait of an organism’s success and is one of the best indicators of its response to recent climate change. Plants are among the most well-studied organisms in this regard, but observational data bearing on this topic are largely restricted to species of the northern hemisphere, mostly from ca. the last three decades. Phenological data from tropical latitudes are especially lacking. Recent research has demonstrated that mobilized online herbarium specimens provide important, albeit mostly neglected, information on plant phenology. Here, we use the web tool CrowdCurio to crowdsource phenological data from nearly 35,000 herbarium specimens representing 260 flowering plant species broadly distributed across tropical Brazil. Our results, spanning 120 years and generated from over 1000 crowdsourcers, clarify numerous aspects of tropical plant phenology. First, they reveal that plant reproductive timing is exceptionally diverse across tropical biomes and taxa. Second, they identify that phenological responses to climate are variable across taxa and biomes. Third, among those species with broad latitudinal ranges, populations from more southern latitudes are significantly more phenologically sensitive to precipitation than those from northern populations. Our results are robust to a variety of confounding factors and span large phylogenetic distances and various life histories. These may represent more global trends in the latitudinal gradient of tropical phenological response with myriad potential ecological and evolutionary consequences.
 This dataset may be used for non-commercial purposes. Please provide the following attribution: Davis, C., Lyra, G., Park, D., Zhang, H., Asprino, R., Maruyama, R., Torquato, D., Cook, B., Xie, J., Ellison, A. 2022. Assessing plant phenological patterns in tropical Brazil 1901–2020. Harvard Forest Data Archive: HF427. Please note that the license we provide does not apply to images linked from the data set. Please check each content provider’s online documentation to see what licenses may be provided and what terms and restrictions they impose.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10358155
title: cis-mQTL results in prostate cancer tissue of European ancestry patients and African ancestry patients

description: cis-mQTL results of in tumor tissues
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10358156
title: cis-mQTL results in prostate cancer tissue of European ancestry patients and African ancestry patients

description: cis-mQTL results of in tumor tissues
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24717789
title: EC-data-

description: This dataset contains the Electrochemical testing results for the paper titled: <b>Effect of Solid-Electrolyte Pellet Density on Failure of Solid-State Batteries</b>
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10304060
title: cis-mQTL results in prostate benign tissue of European ancestry patients and African ancestry patients
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10304061
title: cis-mQTL results in prostate benign tissue of European ancestry patients and African ancestry patients
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/ed7195e63496043ad49e2fc5b9dcb705
title: Soil Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen at the Soil Warming Plus Nitrogen Experiment at Harvard Forest since 2018

description: This dataset includes soil air CO2 and O2 concentrations measured from the organic/mineral horizon interface and 10, 30, and 50 cm depths of the mineral soil at SWaN using permanently installed stainless steel gas wells. Measurements were made 4-8 times throughout the year in 2018, 2019, and 2020.
DOI: 10.57967/hf/1452
title: dac6-instruct
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/39bbe685257e9b49e3c27d372ed71390
title: Inorganic Nutrient Concentrations in Forested Headwater Streams at Harvard Forest since 2017

description: For the past 8000 years hemlock has been the foundation species throughout the northeast. The unique functional characteristics of Hemlock have dictated biogeochemical fluxes from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems (Ellison et al. 2005). Unfortunately, it is currently in an irreversible decline due to the Hemlock Wooly Adelgid and the consequences on riparian ecology are unknown but likely profound (Adams et al. 2012). Red maple, black birch, and northern red oak are some of the most abundant trees in southern New England and are poised to replace hemlock across the landscape (Orwig et al. 2012). Decline and loss of hemlock, and its replacement with hardwood species containing different functional traits are expected to lead to changes in litterfall inputs, forest evapotranspiration, surface water hydrology, including seasonal streamflow/stormflow dynamics, stream temperature, decomposition, and nutrient release (Ellison et al. 2005; Ford and Vose 2007; Guswa and Spence 2011;Brantley et al. 2014). This anticipated shift to hardwoods has far reaching effects as it will significantly alter receiving water primary productivity and food web structure (Humborg et al. 2000, Garnier et al. 2010) by changing watershed N:P:Si export ratios and nutrient availability downstream (e.g., Currie et al. 1996, Fulweiler and Nixon 2005, Carey and Fulweiler 2013).
 The goal of this ongoing project is to quantify watershed export of inorganic nutrients overtime from the three gauged forested streams at Harvard Forest. To do this we aim to collect samples weekly and then we will calculate monthly, seasonal, and annual changes in inorganic nutrient export. Further we are investigating inorganic nutrient concentration as well as flux vs. stream discharge patterns to better understand the role of physical vs. biological processes in driving watershed nutrient export.
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/196c572062085cf760f935c13bfacca7
title: Belowground Carbon Observatory Network (BeCON) at Harvard Forest since 2020

description: A central goal of the recent Harvard Forest C Synthesis activity was to identify high-priority needs for C-cycle research at the forest. While there were a number of areas needing follow-up research, belowground C pools and fluxes remain the single largest gap in the C budget and therefore our understanding of the C cycle of the forest. To this end, we developed the Belowground Carbon Observatory Network (BeCON) as a part of the LTER-VI grant proposal.
 The long-term goal of BeCON is to understand temporal and spatial variations in belowground C pools in response to the various environmental changes the forest now faces [e.g., rising CO2, changes in atmospheric N, S and O3 chemistry, invading insects, land-use change, immigrating (large) herbivores]. There are two great challenges in achieving this goal: (1) excessive spatial heterogeneity in belowground C pools; and (2) lack of automated systems for analysis. These characteristics make it very difficult to quantify changes because the work is intrinsically labor intensive with low replication and the noisy data lead to low statistical power.
 Here, we measured soil carbon content, root biomass and carbon content, and annual root productivity following the protocols for BeCON.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24745518
title: Phenotypic growth data of Arunachali Yak

description: The attached files include birth weight, body weight at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months data of Arunachali yak found in Tawang and West Kameng districts of Arunachal Pradesh
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/ade36a6a8388a32a0dd6e7754b4e997b
title: Carbon Cycle Dynamics in Soil Warming Experiments at Harvard Forest 2019

description: Microbes are responsible for cycling carbon (C) through soils, and predicted changes in soil C stocks under climate change are highly sensitive to shifts in the mechanisms assumed to control the microbial physiological response to warming. Two mechanisms have been suggested to explain the long-term warming impact on microbial physiology: microbial thermal acclimation and changes in the quantity and quality of substrates available for microbial metabolism. Yet studies disentangling these two mechanisms are lacking. To resolve the drivers of changes in microbial physiology in response to long-term warming, we sampled soils from 13- and 28-year-old soil warming experiments in different seasons. We performed short-term laboratory incubations across a range of temperatures to measure the relationships between temperature sensitivity of physiology (growth, respiration, carbon use efficiency, and extracellular enzyme activity) and the chemical composition of soil organic matter. We observed apparent thermal acclimation of microbial respiration, but only in summer, when warming had exacerbated the seasonally-induced, already small dissolved organic matter pools. Irrespective of warming, greater quantity and quality of soil carbon increased the extracellular enzymatic pool and its temperature sensitivity. We propose that fresh litter input into the system seasonally cancels apparent thermal acclimation of C-cycling processes to decadal warming. Our findings reveal that long-term warming has indirectly affected microbial physiology via reduced C availability in this system, implying that earth system models including these negative feedbacks may be best suited to describe long-term warming effects on these soils.
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/0de4c1a36ba744901727fc06cec57668
title: Visual Counts of Tree Reproduction near NEON plots at Harvard Forest since 2020

description: Mast seeding, a resource pulse that has cascading effects in the environment, is a measure that can provide insight into forest dynamics. When masting data is collected in sequential years it can provide information on how tree populations are responding to climatic and environmental variables, and can also be used to relate to other indices, such as seed-eating animal species. The objective of this study is to quantify the yearly seed production of mast seeding tree species at Harvard Forest which are located near National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) plots. This project is part of larger NEON-enabled project examining mast seeding on a continental scale at 25 NEON sites in the United States, which uses mast seeding records in conjunction with NEON collected data products like mammal box-trapping, tick drags, and bird point counts. Data collected on mast seeding can be linked to these other indices at regional and continental scales.
DOI: 10.25390/caryinstitute.11801052.v61
title: Cary Institute Environmental Monitoring Program Current Year Data 2023

description: The Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Environmental Monitoring Program is a long-term data collection program designed to understand how the environment changes over time. The program includes monitoring of climate including temperature and precipitation, as well as variables related to air pollution, such as acid deposition and ozone, and water pollution and other streamwater chemistry. Our solar radiation monitoring includes diffuse and global photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), diffuse and global shortwave radiation, net radiation and UV. Long-term monitoring of solar radiation provides us with an understanding of atmospheric energy dynamics, which can affect natural and human systems. The Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Environmental Monitoring Program furnishes data under the following conditions: The data have received quality assurance scrutiny by our program, and, although we are confident of the accuracy of these data, Cary Institute will not be held liable for errors in these data. Data are subject to change resulting from updates in data screening or models used. Data citation: please click on the Cite button in the Figshare repository.<br>
Those wishing to publish data from Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Environmental Monitoring Program are encouraged to contact data manager Vicky Kelly, kellyv@caryinstitute.org.<br>
For complete data for previous years and for complete metadata, please see appropriate items for the Cary Institute Environmental Monitoring Program at https://caryinstitute.figshare.com/
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24794766
title: growth data_AY.xlsx

description: The data file contains body weight data for yaks of Arunachal Pradesh. This data was used in the estimation of genetic parameters for the population.
DOI: 10.57967/hf/1453
title: code-procedure-civile
DOI: 10.3886/e170141v1-143718
title: Prison Agriculture in the United States

description: The Prison Agriculture Lab at Colorado State University compiled a first-of-a-kind nationwide data set tracking prison agriculture in the United States. The data set identifies 1101 adult state-operated prisons, including 662 adult state-operated prisons with some type of crops and silviculture; horticulture and landscaping; animal agriculture; and/or food processing and production. These four types of agriculture are further broken down into subtypes, which are more detailed descriptions of an agricultural activity. The data set furthermore entails details on the specific drivers of agriculture, which are the goals or justifications for agriculture at each prison provided by prison authorities. The drivers are broadly classified into financial, idleness reduction, training, or reparative driver groups. Data covers all 50 states and was collected between 2019-2022 by speaking with prison authorities and by scraping official government and agency reports and websites. To enrich the geospatial aspects of this data set, the prison agriculture data provides a key to link with Homeland Infrastructure Foundation-Level prison boundaries data from 2020.
description: Response Rates: We have confirmed data on agricultural activities for 662 out of 1101 adult government-run state prisons.<br>
description: The data collection sought to include all members of the universe.
description: Adult (18+) government-run state prisons in the United States. Smallest Geographic Unit: Individual prison
description: other; telephone interview; web scraping;
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10361708
title: Label-free imaging of DNA interactions with 2D materials

description: Raw images and data analysis related to the manuscript entitled "Label-free imaging of DNA interactions with 2D materials"
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10361707
title: Label-free imaging of DNA interactions with 2D materials

description: Raw images and data analysis related to the manuscript entitled "Label-free imaging of DNA interactions with 2D materials"
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23735277.v1
title: A first checklist of native names and ethnozoological notes of snakes (Squamata: Serpentes) from Kichwa and Shiwiar territories at the Amazonian Ecuador

description: Traditional knowledge, much like scientific knowledge, is the product of observation and reflection from the relationship between people and their habitat. This paper documents the first inventory of native names and ethnozoological information of snakes in the language of the Shiwiar-Chicham (SC) and Kichwa (KW), for those territories located in the Pastaza and Napo basins, Amazonia of Ecuador. Additionally, we analyzed the diversity of native names with the Shannon-Wiener index (D). A total of 50 snake species are inventoried, where 36 species (80%) and 49 (100%) snakes possessed a name in the SC and KW languages, respectively. The KW language (D = 4.02) presented a greater diversity of names assigned to snakes, in comparison to the SC language (D = 3.04). The great cultural and linguistic diversity demonstrates that there is still a need to document and safeguard the ethnozoological knowledge related to snakes in the Amazon.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22713423
title: What constitutes a community? A co-occurrence exploration of the Costa Rican avifauna

description: The concept of a “community” as a form of organization for natural biological systems is both widespread and widely accepted within the ecological and biological sciences. Communities have been defined as groups of organisms that interact in ways that denote interdependence between individuals and taxa (e.g. as defined by “food webs”) but they have also been defined as groups of co-occurring organisms that are assumed to interact by virtue of their shared spatiotemporal existence. The latter definition has been debated and challenged in the literature, with mounting evidence for co-occurrence being more indicative of coincident ecological niches in space and time rather than being evidence of ecological interaction or dependency. Using a dataset of 460 Costa Rican bird species divided into breeding and non-breeding season datasets, we empirically demonstrate the ways in which co-occurrence can create illusory communities based on similar occupied ecological niches and similar patterns of co-occurrence at different times of year. We discuss the importance of discerning coincidental co-occurrence from true ecological interactions that would manifest a true community, and further address the importance of differentiating communities of co-occurrence from communities of demonstrable ecological interaction. While co-occurrence is a necessary aspect of interspecific interactions, we discuss and demonstrate here that such co-occurrence does not make a community, nor should explicit patterns of co-occurrence be seen as evidence for evolutionarily important ecological interactions.