cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31294984
title: <b>Type VII secretion system promotes</b><b><i> Streptococcus agalactiae</i></b><b> virulence through magnesium acquisition and capsule maintenance</b>

description: <i>Streptococcus </i><i>agalactiae</i>, also known as Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS), is a major pathogen causing substantial economic losses in global tilapia aquaculture. The type VII secretion systems (T7SS), present in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, secrete effector proteins implicated in bacterial virulence, yet its functional mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we constructed an <i>essC</i> deletion mutant (∆<i>essC</i>) in <i>S. agalactiae</i> strain HN016 to investigate the role of T7SS in virulence. The ∆<i>essC</i> exhibited an impaired growth and declined intracellular magnesium ion concentration in THB or magnesium-limited chemically defined medium (1 mM Mg<sup>2+</sup>-CDM), these defect that were complemented by addition of wild-type culture supernatant. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses revealed altered sugar metabolism and significant downregulation of capsule biosynthesis genes (<i>cpsA</i>, <i>cpsB</i>, <i>cpsD</i>) in ∆<i>essC</i>. Consistent with this, the mutant produced markedly less capsular polysaccharide and displayed impaired capsule integrity. Furthermore, cellular assays confirmed that compared to HN016, the ∆<i>essC</i> mutant exhibited significantly reduced adhesion capacity, immune evasion ability and cytotoxicity. More importantly, the ∆<i>essC</i> mutant showed attenuated virulence <i>in vivo</i>, with reduced bacterial loads in host tissues and diminished ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Our findings provide the first evidence that the T7SS influences magnesium homeostasis and is essential for maintaining capsule integrity, both of which contribute critically to pathogenicity. This study identifies T7SS as a potential target for novel therapeutic strategies against streptococcal disease in aquaculture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31294984.v1
title: <b>Type VII secretion system promotes</b><b><i> Streptococcus agalactiae</i></b><b> virulence through magnesium acquisition and capsule maintenance</b>

description: <i>Streptococcus </i><i>agalactiae</i>, also known as Group B <i>Streptococcus</i> (GBS), is a major pathogen causing substantial economic losses in global tilapia aquaculture. The type VII secretion systems (T7SS), present in Actinobacteria and Firmicutes, secrete effector proteins implicated in bacterial virulence, yet its functional mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we constructed an <i>essC</i> deletion mutant (∆<i>essC</i>) in <i>S. agalactiae</i> strain HN016 to investigate the role of T7SS in virulence. The ∆<i>essC</i> exhibited an impaired growth and declined intracellular magnesium ion concentration in THB or magnesium-limited chemically defined medium (1 mM Mg<sup>2+</sup>-CDM), these defect that were complemented by addition of wild-type culture supernatant. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses revealed altered sugar metabolism and significant downregulation of capsule biosynthesis genes (<i>cpsA</i>, <i>cpsB</i>, <i>cpsD</i>) in ∆<i>essC</i>. Consistent with this, the mutant produced markedly less capsular polysaccharide and displayed impaired capsule integrity. Furthermore, cellular assays confirmed that compared to HN016, the ∆<i>essC</i> mutant exhibited significantly reduced adhesion capacity, immune evasion ability and cytotoxicity. More importantly, the ∆<i>essC</i> mutant showed attenuated virulence <i>in vivo</i>, with reduced bacterial loads in host tissues and diminished ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Our findings provide the first evidence that the T7SS influences magnesium homeostasis and is essential for maintaining capsule integrity, both of which contribute critically to pathogenicity. This study identifies T7SS as a potential target for novel therapeutic strategies against streptococcal disease in aquaculture.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7dyh55
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 566182 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "GadmGid is USA.33.32_1",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year 2024-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 566182 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002897-260208012135463/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18553470
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Ioan Borcea, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18538170. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q18538170
DOI: 10.17898/adp_sjm082_v1/1
title: sjm082_vp2_sl_v1_r2.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.17898/adp_sjm082_v1/2
title: sjm082_p1_sl_v1_r3.tab

description: :unav
DOI: 10.17898/adp_sjm082_v1/3
title: SJM082_pokazne kartice.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.17898/adp_sjm082_v1
title: Slovensko javno mnenje 2008/2

description: Vsebina raziskave je proceduralno ekvivalentna ponovitev Evropske družboslovne raziskave (ESS08). Zajeta so razna področja; uro dolg osebni intervju je vključeval vprašanja glede različnih osrednjih tem, ki so bile tudi del prejšnjih serij ESS ter še dveh modulov, ki se pojavita samo v tej seriji in sicer zaznava različnih starostnih skupin ter šport in rekreacija. Primerjalne raziskave: SJM921, SJM942, SJM952, SJM042, SJM061.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.nstomg
title: First aircraft-based VOC measurements using thermal infrared remote sensing: Mapping fire plumes with the Scanning High-resolution Infrared Sounder (S-HIS)

description: Wildfires emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that contribute to ozone and aerosol pollution. Quantification is challenged by the diversity of emitted species and by their complex dependence on fire characteristics, with scarce field observations available for model evaluation. Remote sensing in the thermal infrared (IR) is a powerful tool for detecting fire VOCs: many compounds exhibit distinct signatures at these wavelengths, and measurements are unaffected by fine aerosols prevalent in smoke. Here, we develop the first thermal IR VOC measurements from an airborne platform, using radiance observations from the Scanning High-resolution Interferometer Sounder (S-HIS) deployed aboard the NASA ER-2 during the 2019 FIREX-AQ campaign. We focus on methanol and ethene, and employ a neural network retrieval adapted from Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) algorithms. The S-HIS retrievals achieve high precision (R2 = 0.90–0.98) and accuracy (median absolute bias &lt; 5.5×1015 molec/cm2) versus the full training dataset. However, at low-to-moderate concentrations retrieval performance is degraded by instrument noise. When considering scenes below the median methanol signal encountered during FIREX-AQ, 30-fold aggregation is needed to achieve R2 = 0.8, and no amount of aggregation yields the performance that would be achievable for a single pixel with the 10 lower noise of CrIS. The S-HIS VOC observations exhibit clear enhancements over and downwind of fires that align with those seen by CrIS. Our results provide a foundation for future airborne VOC measurements in the thermal IR, and emphasize the critical importance of instrument noise for the design of future airborne and spaceborne sounders.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.xzhuxo
title: Space Mission Options for Reconnaissance and Mitigation of Asteroid 2024 YR4

description: Near-Earth asteroid 2024 YR4 was discovered on 2024-12-27 and its probability of Earth impact in December 2032 peaked at ∼3% on 2025-02-18. Additional observations ruled out Earth impact by 2025-02-23. However, the probability of lunar impact in December 2032 then rose, reaching ∼4% by the end of the apparition in May 2025. James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations on 2025-03-26 estimated the asteroid’s diameter at 60 ± 7 m. Studies of 2024 YR4’s potential lunar impact effects suggest lunar ejecta could increase micrometeoroid debris flux in low Earth orbit up to 1000 times above background levels over just a few days, possibly threatening astronauts and spacecraft. In this work, we present options for space missions to 2024 YR4 that could be utilized if lunar impact is confirmed. We cover flyby & rendezvous reconnaissance, deflection, and robust disruption of the asteroid. We examine both rapid-response and delayed launch options through 2032. We evaluate chemical and solar electric propulsion, various launch vehicles, optimized deep space maneuvers, and gravity assists. Re-tasking extant spacecraft and using built spacecraft not yet launched are also considered. The best reconnaissance mission options launch in late 2028, leaving only approximately three years for development at the time of this writing in August 2025. Deflection missions were assessed and appear impractical. However, kinetic robust disruption missions are available with launches between April 2030 and April 2032. Nuclear robust disruption missions are also available with launches between late 2029 and late 2031. Finally, even if lunar impact is ruled out there is significant potential utility in deploying a reconnaissance mission to characterize the asteroid.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.2pv9dq
title: Fizeau wavemeter stabilized Rydberg dissipative time crystals

description: Sustained dissipative time crystal (DTC) oscillations are demonstrated in a room-temperature Rb-87 vapor cell enabled by stabilization of the coupler laser to a Fizeau wavemeter. The ladder scheme employs a 780nm probe on the D2 transition and a 960nm coupler (frequency-doubled to 480nm) driving the 5P3/2→63D3/2 Rydberg transition. The 960nm coupler, locked via feedback from a Fizeau interferometric wavemeter, achieves frequency stability with Allan deviation &lt;33kHz for τ&gt;10s. This stabilization reproducibly generates DTC oscillations near 31kHz, while free-running operation leads to rapid decay, drift, or low-Q modes. Allan deviation of the DTC oscillation frequency itself confirms ~20Hz stability for τ&gt;100s. These results establish wavemeter-based stabilization as a simple and broadly applicable method for accessing long-duration Rydberg DTC dynamics.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.pkrbuh
title: Northern hemisphere warm fronts are less efficient at precipitating ice than their southern hemisphere counterparts

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18553472
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Charles Palmer Nott, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5081283. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5081283
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ehdeeo
title: Towards Global Mapping of Dynamic Surface Water Extents Using Sentinel-1 SAR Data

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ugx6xk
title: Dark Energy After DESI DR2: Observational Status, Reconstructions, and Physical Models

description: In general relativity (GR) on a Friedmann–Lemaˆıtre–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) background, late-time cosmic acceleration requires an effective component with equation of state w(z) ≡p/ρ&lt;−1/3. The minimal description is a cosmological constant, w =−1 and ρΛ = ΩDEρcrit,0 with ρcrit,0 = 3H20 /(8πG), whose vacuum-energy interpretation faces radiative-instability and naturalness problems. We review the observational status of dark energy after the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Data Release 2 (DR2), emphasizing the interplay between Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and perturbation-sensitive probes (redshift-space distortions and weak lensing). DESI DR2 provides percent-level BAO distance ratios over 0 ≲ z≲ 2.5 and a high-redshift Lyα-forest anchor at zeff = 2.33. In combinations with CMB data, flat ΛCDM exhibits a mild parameter discrepancy, while allowing the Chevallier–Polarski–Linder (CPL) w0–wa form (i.e. w0waCDM) can improve the fit; the reported preference is dataset-dependent and is sensitive to SN calibration and selection systematics at the few×10−2 mag level. To sharpen physical interpretation at the likelihood level, we provide two diagnostics: (i) an rd-independent anisotropic-BAO quantity, the Alcock–Paczynski parameter FAP(z) ≡DM(z)/DH(z), computed directly from the published (DM/rd, DH/rd) values; and (ii) a linear-response mapping that converts redshift-dependent SN distance-modulus systematics δµ(z) into characteristic biases in (w0,wa), thereby stating an explicit calibration requirement for DESI-era claims of evolving w(z). We synthesize reconstruction methods for w(z) and ρDE(z), and map phenomenology to microphysical models (scalar-field dark energy, interacting dark sectors, early-time physics that shifts rd, and modified gravity), including perturbation stability and gravitational-wave propagation constraints.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18553474
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Cornelis Kalkman, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5199552. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5199552
DOI: 10.26207/zewr-9672
title: Data for "Can structural tilt be measured from exhumed channel belts on Mars?"

description: Seismic data, processing scripts, exhumation model, and all data produced for the entire workflow from the associated manuscript.

Funding provided by a NASA Solar System Workings grant 80NSSC22K1381 awarded to Cardenas.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.axvaw5
title: Propulsion Trades for a 2035–2040 Solar Gravitational Lens Mission

description: Direct multipixel imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy of exoplanets with the Solar Gravitational Lens (SGL) requires operations on the focal line at z ≃650–900 AU, where solar power is negligible and transportation dominates time-to-first-science. Reaching 650 AU in 20 yr implies a mean radial speed ¯ vr = 32.5 AU yr−1 = 154 km s−1 (ballistic lower bound), motivating propulsion beyond chemical and gravity-assist-only options. We compare close-perihelion solar sailing, fission-powered nuclear electric propulsion (NEP), and Oberth-enabled hybrid injection using transparent time-to-distance models (excluding architecture-dependent inner-solar-system injection overhead). Solar sailing provides the highest near-term in-principle hyperbolic excess: at r_p = 0.05 AU, v_∞ = 105 km s−1 requires σ_tot ≃4.9 g m−2, while v_∞ = 155 km s−1 requires σ_tot ≃2.3 g m−2, placing sub-20 yr sail-only access in a combined low-areal-density and deep-perihelion survivability regime at mission scale. For NEP, constant-power stage closure shows that a m_0 = 20 t spacecraft with mpay = 800 kg, η= 0.7, and high-Isp propulsion reaches z = 650 AU in∼27–33 yr for αtot = 10–20 kg kW^−1 e (typical optima: Pe ≃0.18–0.30 MWe, mp ≃15–17 t, thrust of only a few newtons). NEP-only sub-20 yr transfers require extremely aggressive system assumptions (αtot ≲ 3 kg kW^−1 e and very high-voltage, long-life EP), whereas hybrid architectures become plausible for αtot ∼10–15 kg kW^−1 e if an injection stage supplies v0 ≳ 50–70 km s−1 prior to NEP cruise. We map these requirements to technology readiness and programmatics and identify the system-level demonstrations needed by the early 2030s for a credible 2035–2040 start.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.gfl9vn
title: Craters and Lunar Lua (Pits/Skylights) in Mare Tranquillitatis and Marius Hills Reveal Variations in Protolith Properties

description: We investigated the regolith parent rock (‘protolith’) properties of Mare Tranquillitatis and Marius Hills on the Moon, utilizing lunar pit craters (‘lua’) to contextualize observations of rock abundance and crater degradation. We discovered a significant difference in underlying materials: the region around the Tranquillitatis lua is characterized by a competent, dense, solidified basalt, whereas the region around the Marius Hills lua exhibits a more friable protolith, indicative of porous or vesicular volcanic deposits. These distinct protoliths directly influence rock evolution, with the Marius Hills region demonstrating higher initial rock excavation but also more rapid degradation of rocky ejecta and interiors, while the Mare Tranquillitatis region produces larger, more persistent blocks that resist fragmentation for longer periods. Consequently, the competent protolith of Mare Tranquillitatis makes its lua an ideal candidate for future lunar exploration missions, offering superior geotechnical integrity for potential subsurface habitats and enhanced protection from surface radiation and impact bombardment.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18553476
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Miroslav Tetter, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8312023. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8312023
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.nzboyx
title: Optimal soil and vegetation cover estimation for global imaging spectroscopy using spectral mixture analysis

description: The Earth surface Mineral dust source InvesTigation (EMIT) is a visible-to-shortwave infrared (VSWIR) imaging spectrometer currently aboard the International Space Station. Derivations of fractional cover from spectral unmixing algorithms have provided insights into various ecosystem functions. In the case of EMIT, they will be used by multiple global Earth systems models to constrain the sign of dust-related radiative forcing. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of different approaches for estimating fractional cover and quantifying the corresponding uncertainty, and serves as a model to encapsulate the true error budget for EMIT and future global imaging spectroscopy missions. We simulated surface reflectance from a spectral library compiled from various drylands to generate millions of candidate spectra made up of different random fractions of nonphotosynthetic vegetation (NPV), green vegetation (GV), and soil, representing various fractional covers of these ground cover components in remote sensing imagery. Simulated spectra were used as-is but we also tested the impact of atmospheric conditions/surface reflectance retrieval by using them to calculate top-of-atmosphere radiance then using the current EMIT surface reflectance retrieval algorithm to estimate apparent surface reflectance. We tested approaches to unmixing these simulated spectra using multiple strategies for dealing with spectrum brightness, within-class spectral variability, and library selection. We also incorporated a Monte Carlo approach to stabilize fractional cover retrievals and quantify uncertainty. The best spectral unmixing approaches produced mean absolute error $\textless$ 0.10 for NPV and soil and $\textless$ 0.06 for GV with uncertainties $\leq\pm$ 0.02 for all classes. We also found that our fractional cover retrievals are insensitive to atmospheric residuals in the surface reflectance data.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.qqz28u
title: Confluence: Cloud-based global river discharge estimation software for the SWOT satellite

description: The NASA/CNES Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission generates unprecedented volumes of hydrology data requiring the use of cloud computing to produce river discharge estimates for SWOT observations. We present Confluence, a cloud-based workflow that produces discharge on over 150,000 river reaches via 16 workflow stages with unique, hydrologic, and mission requirements. The stages are written in a variety of software languages and were developed over the past decade by more than 30 different hydrologists. A large challenge has been standardizing and operationalizing these diverse stages into a single unified framework. Doing so and providing publicly archived outputs ensures standardization and eliminates redundant processing. We show Confluence costs ~$6,000 to run globally, taking ~4d14hr to complete. Discharge results are consistent with hydrologic and mission expectations. Confluence is an operational software designed to provide value to both NASA and the hydrology community for as long as SWOT is in orbit.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ikeqvb
title: First detection of an asteroid's heliocentric deflection: The Didymos system after DART

description: NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) was the world’s first planetary defense technology demonstration mission1 . In September 2022, the DART spacecraft impacted Dimorphos, the secondary asteroid in the (65803) Didymos binary asteroid system, and reduced its orbital period around Didymos2–4 . However, as anticipated, some fraction of the impulse delivered by the spacecraft and impact ejecta was also imparted onto the system barycenter, causing a change in the system’s heliocentric orbit5,6 . Here, we present the first-ever measurement of human-caused change in the heliocentric orbit of a natural body in the solar system. Thanks to stellar occultation observations in 2022-2025 combined with radar measurements in 2003 and 2022, we estimate that the DART impact applied an along-track change in velocity, or ∆V of −11.7±1.3µms−1 to the Didymos system, resulting in a measurable departure from the system’s pre-DART heliocentric orbit. This measurement further allows us to constrain the heliocentric momentum enhancement factor for the DART impact at 2.0±0.3 as well as the bulk density of Didymos at 2600±140kgm−3 and that of Dimorphos at 1540±220kgm−3 . Our result of an underdense secondary supports the theory that Dimorphos formed as a result of accretion7–9 . Finally, our results demonstrate that targeting the secondary asteroid in a binary system constitutes a viable strategy for kinetic impact-based deflection, adding to humanity’s planetary defense capabilities.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ywq3ei
title: Wide-swath Altimetry Observes Global River Water Storage Variability

description: Rivers are Earth's most renewable and accessible freshwater resource[1], yet global estimates of the magnitude and variability in river water storage have remained few and inconsistent[1–9]. Previous estimates of variability have relied either on sparse and asynchronous remote sensing observations[10] or on hydrological models constrained by incomplete understanding of surface water balance and poorly known river channel characteristics[2,3]. The insufficient knowledge of temporal variations in river water storage across space hinders effective management of this critical freshwater resource[11,12]. Here we present the first global observations of active river channel geometry and associated monthly changes in water storage at the reach scale derived from the first water year (October 2023 to September 2024) of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission at 126,674 reaches worldwide. Clear patterns of riverbed shape and storage variability expectedly emerge across major basins. SWOT reveals a range of 321.6 km³ in global annual river storage variability, approximately 26% lower than the lowest previously modeled estimates for the same wide reaches. While the Amazon’s 2024 record drought likely contributed to the discrepancy, the new observations point to distinct knowledge limitations in surface water science. These findings highlight key opportunities to improve the fundamental representation of surface water dynamics in global models and to better inform water resource management and disasters mitigation at scale.