cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288639.v1
title: INTENSIDAD DE PLAGAS Y SUS ENEMIGOS NATURALES EN UNA ASOCIACIÓN DE MAÍZ Y FRÍJOL FERTILIZADOS CON DIFERENTES FORMAS DE LODO DE ALCANTARILLADO

description: RESUMEN Se evaluó la intensidad del ataque de plagas y enemigos naturales en una asociación de maíz (Zea maiz) y fríjol caupí (Vigna unguiculata), así como la incidencia de plagas en granos almacenados de los respectivos cultivos. Los tratamientos consistieron en: Suelo sin fertilización, Encalado y fertilización química, Lodo no higienizado, Lodo higienizado con extracto de neem (Azadirachta indica), Lodo tratado con cal virgen, Compuesto orgánico de lodo y Ipomoea carnea, Compuesto orgánico de lodo y I. carnea + fosfato natural al inicio del compostaje, Lodo no higienizado + fosfato natural en el campo, Lodo higienizado con neem + fosfato natural en el campo, Lodo tratado con cal virgen + fosfato natural en el campo, Compuesto orgánico de lodo y I. carnea + fosfato natural en el campo. Se realizaron observaciones semanales de plagas y enemigos naturales y los datos obtenidos se sometieron a análisis de varianza y la prueba de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidad. El suelo que recibió lodo de alcantarillado tratado con neem fue el que presentó el menor ataque de plagas. Otro tratamiento poco atacado por plagas fue el que recibió lodo de alcantarillado seco higienizado con extracto de neem + aplicación en el campo de fosfato natural reactivo. Por lo tanto, esos dos tratamientos son los recomendados para los productores.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288636.v1
title: ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) AND PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN FIVE HOSPITALS IN THE CITY OF PELOTAS, STATE OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to verify the occurrence of ants in 5 hospitals in the city of Pelotas, analyzing their seasonality and identifying associated pathogenic bacteria. For this, 2 baits were used, one containing honey, sugar and the earthworm Eisenia foetida. and another containing Coqueiro® brand sardines. Both baits were fixed close to the floor skirtings in 19 to 21 sectors in each hospital (99 sectors in total), and collected after 24h. The study was developed over the seasons of 2008 and 2009, for a total of 792 sampling points. A total of 7 ant species were found, distributed among 13 of the 99 sectors sampled (13.1%). Summer was the season with the highest percentage of specimens gathered, 57.6%, with the lowest number in the winter, 9.1%. A total of 28 ant samples were aseptically collected, from which 25 (89.3%) showed the occurrence of pathogenic bacteria. Enterobacteriaceae were found on 17 ant samples, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus in 13 and 9 samples, respectively. Furthermore, ants from 20 sampling points showed the occurrence of more than one bacteria species, the maximum being 5. It was concluded that the ants are important carriers of pathogenic bacteria in hospitals, and must be controlled in order to avoid a higher occurrence of nosocomial infections. Moreover, attention must be given to the ant management in the external areas of the hospitals, where the colonies of most of the specimens collected are located.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288633.v1
title: SURVEY OF ANASTREPHA SPECIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) IN PRODUCTION UNDER MITIGACION RISKS SYSTEMS

description: ABSTRACT The present work was conducted from February to November 2008 into Cucurbitaceae areas under Pest Mitigation Risk System for Anastrepha grandis Macquart in Regente Feijó, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in order to monitoring and identifying the fruit fly species captured in McPhail traps, in Cucurbitaceae areas to exportation. A total of 48 specimens of Anastrepha were captured, being 32 males (66.7%) and 16 females (33.3%). We captured Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart), A. pickeli Lima, A. montei Lima, .A. fraterculus (Wied.) and Anastrepha sp. The most frequent species were A. pickeli (15.4%) and A. fraterculus (10.26%). Anastrepha pickeli was the most predominant and frequent. A. grandis was not captured, that indicate conditions to reaching area of low prevalence status.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288630.v1
title: SEASONAL DYNAMICS OF EGG DIAPAUSE IN MAHANARVA SPECTABILIS (DISTANT, 1909) (HEMIPTERA: CERCOPIDAE) ON ELEPHANT GRASS

description: ABSTRACT This work examines the occurrence, duration and viability of diapause eggs of Mahanarva spectabilis (Distant, 1909) at different periods of the year. Adult insects were gathered twice a month in a greenhouse from September 2005 to May 2006 as well as in the same period in 2006-2007. The spittlebugs collected were taken to the laboratory, sexed and kept in cages containing one elephant grass plant potted in a 500 mL plastic cup with the upper part wrapped in gauze to serve as a substrate for egg laying. Around one hundred eggs obtained on each sample date were kept in climate-controlled chambers. The duration and viability of the eggs were analyzed daily. The viability was greater than 50% and 72%, respectively, in the evaluations for September 2005 to May 2006 and the same period of 2006-2007. The average embryonic period from September 2005 the first half of March 2006 varied from 15.79 to 28.24 days, except in the first half of January. In the other samples it varied from 94.80 to 139.04 days, with these being considered diapause. In the second study period (2006-2007), an embryonic period under 27 days was registered from September to the first half of November 2006 and again in January and February 2007. In the other evaluations the insects remained in the egg phase from 55.30 to 196.42 days. The largest number of diapause eggs occurred in the autumn, with 100% and 90% for the first and second evaluation periods, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288629.v1
title: REACTION OF SUNFLOWER GERMPLASM TO SEPTORIA LEAF SPOT CAUSED BY SEPTORIA HELIANTHI

description: ABSTRACT With the objective of evaluating the reaction of sunflower germplasm in relation to the resistance of Septoria helianthi, a study was conducted under field conditions in an experimental area at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in 2008. The experiment involved 24 genotypes of sunflower, sown by hand in randomized blocks with 4 replications. The rate of disease progress and the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were calculated based on the severity of the disease in the lower, middle and upper thirds of the plants. The more resistant cultivars were PARDISE 33 followed by HLE 16, HLE 17, EXP 1452 CL, V 20041 and SRM 840.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288628.v1
title: EVALUATION OF THE INDICATORS OF INFLAMMATION IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF BOVINE MASTITIS

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this trial was to evaluate and compare the distinct indictors of inflammation in the diagnosis of mastitis. The somatic cell count (SCC), the California Mastitis Test score, the electrical conductivity, the hydrogen ion concentration (pH), the chloride content and the bacteriological status of 321 milk samples from mammary glands without any clinical signs were analyzed. Their predictor value as an indicator of inflammation was calculated considering the bacteriologic examination as the gold standard test. Then, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and likelihood ratio at various cut-off values were established. The bacteriologic exam resulted in 46.73% of the samples being positive, with Staphylococcus sp. the main genus isolated. The SCC and CMT proved to be the best predictors. On the other hand, pH, electrical conductivity and chloride content did not prove to be reliable diagnostic indicators when used in isolation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288626.v1
title: EFFECTIVENESS OF TRIAZOLE FUNGICIDES FOR THE CONTROL OF BROWN EYE SPOT ON COFFEE SEEDLINGS

description: ABSTRACT Triazole fungicides and their mixtures with insecticides are usually employed for the control of coffee rust and leaf miner in coffee crops. In this study these chemicals were evaluated for the control of brown eye spot, caused by Cercospora coffeicola, another important disease of this crop. Three experiments were carried out in a greenhouse with coffee seedlings of the cultivar Mundo Novo IAC 501. The fungicides epoxiconazole, epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin, tetraconazole, ciproconazole, copper oxychloride, azoxystrobin and carbendazim were applied to the leaves of coffee seedlings, and ciproconazole + tiametoxam, triadimenol + dissulfotom, and triadimenol were applied to the seedlings substrate. Controls were also included in all experiments. The seedlings were inoculated with suspensions prepared with a mixture of five C. coffeicola isolates (3-4 conidia/mL). The incidence and severity of the disease were evaluated 20 to 56 days after the inoculations. With the exception of copper oxychloride, all products were efficient for the control of brown eye spot. The triazoles, with the exception of tetraconazole, showed reversible phytotoxic effects. Ciproconazole + tiametoxam, epoxiconazole + pyraclostrobin and carbendazim had the highest residual effects and maintained small levels of the disease until 56 days after their application. The triazoles used for the control of coffee rust are also effective for the control of brown eye spot.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288622.v1
title: SCREENING OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER AGAINST TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH.

description: ABSTRACT The two-spotted spider mite is the most important pest to Brazilian crops. The incorrect use of chemical control leads to serious consequences, such as the presence of residues in fruits and the emergence of resistant populations. There is a need for alternative methods for managing the mite, such as biological control, which has been used as a tool in the management of various pests of agricultural importance in the world. Bioassays were carried out to analyze 120 strains of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner in regard to their pathogenicity to Tetranychus urticae Koch. Suspensions were prepared of the different strains, containing 3 × 108 spores/mL of distilled water, and applied on Jack-bean (Canavalia ensiformes DC) leaf disks. Each strain constituted a treatment, with 8 repetitions, each containing 10 adult Tetranychus urticae females. The tests in laboratory conditions showed that mortality was significantly, ranging from 6.7% (strains LMJ7A) to 54.9% (strains 1077B and 886f).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288621.v1
title: EFFECT OF INSECTICIDAL PLANTS ON THE BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR OF PLUTELLA XYLOSTELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: PLUTELLIDAE).

description: ABSTRACT The effect of aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Sapindus saponaria L., Nim + Piretro + Rotenona, Dimorphandra mollis and Stryph nodendron adstringens (Mart) Coville was evaluated in relation to non-preference for oviposition and feeding, attractiveness and biology of Plutella xylostella. For the experiment, leaf discs from cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) plants of the Butter cultivar were immersed in each extract at the concentration 10% (weight/volume) for 30 seconds. For the no-choice test the treatments that presented less attractiveness were the extracts of A. indica and D. mollis, and the consumption was lower in A. indica. The extracts of A. indica. S. saponaria. D. mollis and S. adstringens provided a deterrent effect on oviposition of P. xylostella. The treatments A. indica. S. saponaria and S. adstringens showed a negative effect for the biological parameters of the pest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288619.v1
title: PESTICIDE EFFECTS ON THE PATHOGENICITY OF CONIDIA OF LECANICILLIUM LECANII TO TETRANYCHUS URTICAE

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pesticides on the pathogenicity of conidia of Lecanicillium lecanii, strain JAB 02, produced in culture media containing acaricides and insecticides, to the two-spotted mite Tetranychus urticae. A blend was made of insecticides (acephate, cyromazine, endosulfan, formetanate hydrochloride, imidacloprid, methiocarb, methomyl, monocrotophos, thiamethoxam) and acaricides (abamectin and propargite) in the culture media PDA, that was poured into a Petri dishes. After solidification, the fungus inoculation was realized at three points and the dishes were incubated for 16 days at a temperature of 25.5 ± 0.5º C and 12 hours of photophase. After the fungus growth, the colonies were cut out and removed to test tubes containing distilled water and detergent Tween 80Ò. The fungus suspension obtained for each treatment was standardized at 1 x 107 con./mL and 1 mL was sprayed on Canavalia ensiformis leaves. After the spraying, 15 mites were placed on each leaf disk and after 2, 4 and 6 days the mortality was evaluated in a stereoscopic microscope. The presence of acaricides and insecticides in the culture media did not affect the pathogenicity of conidia of L. lecanii, which on the 6th evaluation day presented a confirmed mortality in the range of 47 to 76% on two-spotted mites T. urticae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288618.v1
title: EFFICIENCY AND ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF APPLICATION OF FUNGICIDES IN THE CONTROL OF ASIATIC RUST OF SOYBEANS IN CAMPO GRANDE, MS, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The present study evaluated the efficiency and the economic viability of the application of fungicides to control Asian soybean rust, Phakopsora packyrhizi, in Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The assay was carried in the 2007-2008 harvest. The following fungicides were evaluated (g a.i./ha): picoxystrobin + cyproconazol (40 + 16, 50 + 20 and 60 +24) + nimbus 0.25% (v/v); pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazol (66.5 + 25); azoxystrobin + cyproconazol (60 + 24) + nimbus 0.25% (v/v); trifloxystrobin + tebuconazol (50 + 100) + auero 0.13% (v/v) and trifloxystrobin + cyproconazol (56.25 + 24) + aureo 0.13% (v/v). The fungicide treatments started from the phenologic stage R2. Three applications were realized, 15 days apart. The disease severity (upper and lower part of the plant) was quantified weekly, totaling 10 evaluations. In addition, at the R7 stage, the defoliation was evaluated every seven days. The curves of progress (CP) were plotted and calculated the areas under the CP for the disease severity (AACPD) and defoliation (AACPDes). At the end of the assay, the grain yield (Rend - kg/ha), the mass of 1,000 grains (MMG - g) and the economic viability of the disease control were evaluated. The climate during the conduction of the experiment was favorable to the development of Asian soybean rust. There was a positive relationship between rainfall and severity of the disease. All fungicides showed AACPD below the control, especially picoxystrobin + cyproconazol (higher fungicide dose). This treatment also showed the lowest rate of AACPDes. The fungicides presented similar rates of Rend, although higher than the control treatment. In relation to MMG, the highest index was attributed to azoxystrobin + cyproconazol. The mixture trifloxystrobin + tebuconazol showed the lowest efficiency for the control of Asian soybean rust. Based on the severity of the disease, grain yield and the economic benefits generated by the application of fungicides, picoxystrobin + cyproconazol (60 + 24), azoxystrobin + cyproconazol and trifloxystrobin + cyproconazol were identified as the most promising for the control of P. packyrhizi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288615.v1
title: POTENTIAL USE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI IN THE CONTROL OF TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE) IN PAPAYA: CULTIVAR EFFECT ON PATOGENICITY

description: ABSTRACT Papaya Carica papaya (L.) is affected by various phytosanitary problems, and the mite Tetranychus urticae (Koch, 1836) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a key pest. The use of entomopathogenic fungi is an alternative to the use of pesticides, lowering the risk of resistance while reducing the the load of toxic substances in the environment. This study was conducted to determine whether the different cultivars of papaya interfere with the pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana. Metarhizium anisopliae and Lecanicillium longisporum. The bioas say was carried out using adult T. urticae females maintained for at least one generation on leaves of four papaya cultivars (Calimosa, Golden, Sunrise, Tainung 01) or on jack bean leaves (control). Ten females were transferred to Petri dishes with leaf disks of the origin cultivars and jack beans. The mites were then sprayed with a 5 x 107 conidia.mL-1 suspension in a Potter Tower. Conidial suspensions were prepared from the commercial formulations Boveril® B. bassiana, Metarril® M. anisopliae, and Vertirril® L. longisporum. The corrected and confirmed mortalities were evaluated. Differences were observed (Tukey, P &lt; 0.05) among the papaya cultivars in terms of the T. urticae pathogenic response. On the 3rd day after spraying (DAS), a better efficiency in mortality percentage was observed for the Vertirril® formulation applied to the Calimosa, Golden and Sunrise cultivars, and for Metarril® applied to the Tainung 01cultivar. On the 5th DAS, the efficiencies among the cultivars were very close.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288613.v1
title: SURVEY AND POPULATIONAL DYNAMICS OF PARASITOIDS OF FRUIT FLIES (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) OCCURING IN GUAVA (PSIDIUM GUAJAVA L.) IN FORTALEZA, CEARÁ, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT This study was aimed to identify the parasitoids associated to fruit-fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) occurring in an urban guava (Psidium guajava L.) (Myrtaceae) orchard located in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil, as well as to determine the populational dynamics of these organ isms in the ecosystem. Ripe and newly fallen guava fruits, from November 1999 to December 2000 were collected. The parasitoids obtained belong to the families Braconidae, Chalcididae, Figitidae (Eucoilinae), Diapriidae (Diapriinae) and Eulophidae. The most common parasitoids belong to the family Figitidae. The highest occurrences were in January and March 2000.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288611.v1
title: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS CONDEMNATIONS IN ABATTOIRS IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Analyzing data and samples collected at abattoirs in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, the present study provided a profile of the tuberculosis condemned bovine and characterized their herds. From May/2002 to January/2004, tuberculosis lesions from 587 animals were sampled in 79 abattoirs, and from these samples a total of 253 Mycobacterium bovis isolates were obtained. The herds of these animals were tracked down and an epidemiological questionnaire was applied. A dataset about the condemned carcasses was attached to each sample. The data analyses showed that bovine tuberculosis in São Paulo state is concentrated in dairy herds with some sophistication of the production system and mostly affects dairy cows of European breeds older than 36 months. Moreover, the owners of infected herds sell animals without testing them for tuberculosis, contributing to the spread of the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288610.v1
title: INFLUENCE OF HYGIENE MANAGEMENT ON GASTROINTESTINAL HELMINTH INFECTION IN PIGS IN METROPOLITAN RECIFE AND THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE STATE OF PERNAMBUCO, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of management systems at intensive high-tech farms and subsistence farms on the prevalence of swine gastrointestinal helminthes in metropolitan Recife and the coastal zone of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. For such, the slaughtering process at three slaughterhouses registered with the state inspection system was followed up between July 2008 to May 2009, totaling 447 pigs from 11 properties (8 high-tech farms and 3 subsistence farms). Fecal samples were collected and the parasitological examinations were carried out using the modified McMaster technique and coproculture for identification of larvae. A questionnaire was administered to determine the management condition of each farm. Strongyloidea eggs were present in 2.5% (11/447) of the pigs, and 0.2% (1/447) were positive for Trichuris sp. Coproculture revealed that 5.5% (19/349) were positive for helminthes, 2.9% (10/349) for Hyostrongylus sp., 0.3% (1/349) for Trichostrongylus sp., 2.0% (7/349) for Oesophagostomum sp., and 0.3% (1/349) with mixed infection by Hyostrongylus and Oesophagostomum sp. The occurrence of helminthes was significantly associated (p &lt; 0.05) with helminth gender, feeding, veterinary care, quarantine, live animal trade, anti-helminth agents, water supply, water treatment, hygiene quality of stalls, dung removal frequency and knowledge regarding worms and milk spots. The percentages of positivity were significantly higher among animals on the subsistence farms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288609.v1
title: BIOLOGIC STUDIES OF MEALYBUGS OF THE GENUS PLANOCOCCUS (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) ON DIFFERENT HOSTS.

description: ABSTRACT This work was carried out to study the development of populations of the genus Planococcusin different plant species, aiming at the verification of host specificity. The mealybugs Planococcus minorwere obtained from cocoa plants (Theobroma cacaoL.) and coffee crop (Coffea canephoraL.), andPlanococcus citrifrom citrus seedlings (Citrus sinensisL. Osbeck). Single eggs were transferred to Petri dishes containing leaf discs of cocoa (T. cacaocultivar Catongo), coffee (Coffea arabicaL. cultivar Mundo Novo) and citrus (C. sinensiscultivar Pêra Rio). They were maintained on a water-agar slide at 1%, with the abaxial surface turned upwards. The dishes were sealed with a PVC plastic film and kept in climatized chambers regulated at 25 ± 1º C, 70 ± 10% RH and 12 hours of photophase. For the mealybugs coming from cocoa plants, the citrus substrate prolonged the nymphal development of the males (26.0 days). In the nymphal period of females and males coming from coffee plants, the coffee substrate allowed a shorter duration of that period (19.2 and 21.3 days, respectively) and, in addition to having providing a longer longevity to the females (59.1 days). The highest rates of mortality were obtained when they were reared on the cocoa substrate, regardless of the host plant from which they were originally collected, and when kept on citrus, for insects collected on coffee plants. P. citriand P. minorhave higher preference for coffee substrate regardless of the original host, thus showing partial host specificity.