DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r8gd0pg
title: Data from: Plant population success across urban ecosystems – a framework to inform biodiversity conservation in cities

description: 1. In a rapidly urbanising world, the ability of plant species to survive
 and build self-sustaining populations in urban environments is
 increasingly important for biodiversity conservation. Yet the contribution
 of cities to biodiversity conservation remains unclear because ecologists
 have studied biodiversity patterns, largely without considering the
 population establishment of plants and the ways in which different kinds
 of urban ecosystems harbour native and endangered plant species. These
 limitations can mislead conservation policies for cities. 2. To
 better-understand how urban ecosystems can contribute to biodiversity
 conservation, we propose a framework that links the population status
 (casual or established) of plant species with ecosystem novelty and
 highlights barriers to population establishment in different types of
 urban ecosystems, from natural remnants to novel ecosystems. 3. To
 quantify the relative importance of natural remnants vs. human-shaped
 ecosystems for the conservation of self-sustaining urban plant populations
 we re-analyse a unique dataset from a metropolitan region in Europe with
 information on the population status of 1199 plant species. 4. Results
 demonstrate that urban ecosystems harbour many established native and
 endangered species although a considerable share (37%) of species of
 conservation concern are confined to natural remnants. In hybrid and
 immature novel ecosystems, high species numbers reflect many species with
 only casual populations. The role of novel ecosystems as habitats for
 native and endangered plant species increases as novel ecosystems mature.
 5. Synthesis and applications. General information about plant species
 richness in urban environments may mislead conservation policies as
 different kinds of urban ecosystems can play different roles in harbouring
 species of conservation concern. Moreover, presence-absence data can mask
 establishment failures of species. This proposed framework helps to
 distinguish between casual and established populations of plant species,
 and highlights barriers to population persistence in urban ecosystems;
 reflecting different land uses and land use histories over time. Revealing
 the role of natural remnants vs. hybrid vs. novel ecosystems as habitats
 for species of conservation concern illustrates opportunities for
 biodiversity conservation in all urban ecosystems and can support setting
 priorities for conservation.
description: Species establishment,
 native status and endangerement in the Berlin flora 1990The file includes data
 on species establishment, native status and endangerement of 1199 plant
 species of the Berlin flora in 1990. It is an exerpt from two original
 sources: a.) for endangerement: Böcker R, Auhagen A, Brockmann H, Kowarik
 I, Scholz H, Sukopp H, Zimmermann F (1991) Liste der wildwachsenden Farn-
 und Blütenpflanzen von Berlin (West) mit Angaben zur Gefährdung der
 Sippen, zum Zeitpunkt ihres ersten spontanen Auftretens und zu ihrer
 Etablierung im Gebiet sowie zur Bewertung der Gefährdung.
 Landschaftsentwicklung und Umweltforschung, S6, 57–88.; b.): for all other
 data: Kowarik I (1991) Berücksichtigung anthropogener Standort- und
 Florenveränderungen bei der Aufstellung Roter Listen. In: Auhagen A,
 Platen R, Sukopp H (Eds., 1991) Rote Listen der gefährdeten Pflanzen und
 Tiere in Berlin 1990. Landschaftsentwicklung und Umweltforschung, S6,
 25-56.Species establishment
 Berlin.csv