cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241508.v1
title: Erratum: Stem Cell Treatment for Chronic Lung Diseases

description: Chronic lung diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and cystic fibrosis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide with a considerable human, societal and financial burden. In view of the current disappointing status of available pharmaceutical agents, there is an urgent need for alternative more effective therapeutic approaches that will not only help to relieve patient symptoms but will also affect the natural course of the respective disease. Regenerative medicine represents a promising option with several fruitful therapeutic applications in patients suffering from chronic lung diseases. Nevertheless, despite relative enthusiasm arising from experimental data, application of stem cell therapy in the clinical setting has been severely hampered by several safety concerns arising from the major lack of knowledge on the fate of exogenously administered stem cells within chronically injured lung as well as the mechanisms regulating the activation of resident progenitor cells. On the other hand, salient data arising from few ‘brave' pilot investigations of the safety of stem cell treatment in chronic lung diseases seem promising. The main scope of this review article is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the application status of stem cell treatment in chronic lung diseases, address important safety and efficacy issues and present future challenges and perspectives. In this review, we argue in favor of large multicenter clinical trials setting realistic goals to assess treatment efficacy. We propose the use of biomarkers that reflect clinically inconspicuous alterations of the disease molecular phenotype before rigid conclusions can be safely drawn.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241514.v1
title: Erratum: Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation from Human Leukocyte Antigen-Matched Sibling Donors and Unrelated Donors in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

description: There have been rare comparative studies of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from matched sibling donors (MSDs) and unrelated donors (URDs) with regard to peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). We performed a retrospective study of 104 consecutive acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who had received an allogeneic PBSCT from an MSD or a URD in order to compare transplant outcomes and posttransplant complications between the 2 groups of patients. The cumulative incidence of grade 2-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) at 100 days (22.6% with MSD vs. 35.3% with URD; p = 0.107) and that of chronic GVHD (cGVHD) at 2 years (72.9% with MSD vs. 56.1% with URD; p = 0.153) was not significantly different between the 2 groups. Multivariate analysis also indicated that a URD was not an independent predictor of grade 2-4 aGVHD or cGVHD. No statistically significant differences were observed in terms of relapse incidence (p = 0.371), nonrelapse mortality (p = 0.473), disease-free survival (p = 0.925) or overall survival (p = 0.534) at 2 years. URDs are comparable with MSDs as a donor type for PBSCT in AML patients if risk-stratified GVHD prophylaxis is adopted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241493
title: Erratum: Microscopic Margins of Resection Influence Primary Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Survival

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>Primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are stromal tumors that arise from the gastrointestinal tract. Both surgical resection and molecular therapy are crucial in the treatment of these tumors. This study analyzes the outcomes of 151 patients with GIST treated at 3 institutions. These institutions comprise the GISTologist Study Group and provided follow-up data. <b><i>Patients and Methods: </i></b>151 patients with primary GIST were admitted and treated at the St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital in Bologna, Italy, the Catholic University Hospital in Rome, Italy, and the Modena University Hospital and National Cancer Institute in Naples, Italy, over the past 11 years. Patient data as well as tumor and therapy variables were studied to identify factors predicting survival with a focus on the microscopic margins of resection. <b><i>Results: </i></b>All 151 patients had primary disease without metastasis and underwent complete resection of gross disease. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 77%. Disease-free survival was predicted by tumor size, mitotic count, and margins of resection. Recurrence of disease after resection was predominantly intra-abdominal. <b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>Tumor size, mitotic count, and microscopic margins of resection predict disease-free survival in patients with primary GIST.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241496
title: Erratum: Natural Enamel Caries: A Comparative Histological Study on Biochemical Volumes

description: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that organic volume is the main variable for explaining the optical properties and predictive degree of diffusion of enamel histological points at zones of natural enamel caries (NEC; surface layer, SL, n = 30, and body of the lesion, BL, n = 58) and normal enamel (NE, n = 131). Molars with either NEC or NE were quantitatively analyzed regarding the mineral, organic and water volumes (considered as effective pore volume), opacity (predicted in 94% of cases by water volume in NEC), and water volume more easily available for diffusion, α<sub>d</sub> (squared water volume divided by the nonmineral volume; related to permeability). NEC presented lower mineral volumes and higher organic volumes, effective pore volume and opacity than NE. External origin of organic volume in NEC was evidenced by an organic gradient decreasing from the surface inward (R<sup>2</sup> = –0.7), which was not detected in teeth with NE only; α<sub>d</sub> values of the SL and NE were similar and both were lower (p &lt; 0.0001) than that of the BL. Comparing the SL from both NEC and artificial enamel caries (AEC; published data; n = 71), with similar mineral volumes, against developing enamel (published data), AEC showed more effective pore volume (3 times higher), higher α<sub>d</sub> and opacity than NEC mainly due to differences in organic volumes. Our results reasonably matched widely known features of NEC histological zones, and confirmed the organic volume as the main variable for explaining optical properties and α<sub>d</sub> (related to permeability).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241499
title: Erratum: Downregulation of Fumarate Hydratase Is Related to Tumorigenesis in Sporadic Renal Cell Cancer

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Although germline mutations of fumarate hydratase<b> </b>(FH) are a useful molecular marker of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (RCC) syndrome, their clinical significance in sporadic RCC has not been studied in detail. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible correlations between the expression of <i>FH</i> and the clinical implications of sporadic RCC. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b><i>FH</i> mRNA levels were evaluated in 140 tumor specimens from patients with primary RCC and in 62 specimens of corresponding normal-appearing kidney tissue using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 6 normal surrounding tissues and 71 RCC tissues. <b><i>Results:</i></b><i>FH</i> mRNA levels were significantly lower in tumor tissues than in matched normal-appearing kidney tissues (p = 0.031). In all normal tissues, FH staining intensity was strong. However, the expression of <i>FH</i> showed no significant correlation with the pathological and clinical characteristics of patients with sporadic RCC. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results showed that <i>FH</i> mRNA expression decreased significantly in correlation with the transition from normal renal parenchyma to RCC. <i>FH</i> may be an indicator or tumorigenesis in sporadic RCC and could be a potential target for therapies against RCC in the future.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241490
title: Erratum: The Polyketide Synthase-Associated Multidrug Tolerance in <b><i>Mycobacterium intracellulare</i></b> Clinical Isolates

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Intrinsic multidrug resistance of the <i>Mycobacterium avium</i>-<i>intracellulare</i> complex presents a serious problem in the treatment of the diseases caused by these bacteria. Recently, it was shown that deletion of a polyketide synthase, Pks12, in an <i>M. avium</i> laboratory strain decreases this intrinsic resistance. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We investigated Pks12 expression and its enzymatic activity in 9 clinical isolates of <i>M. intracellulare</i>, and compared their drug susceptibilities to 4 drugs. Also, we made <i>pks12</i>-disrupted <i>M. bovis</i> bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) mutant and its complemented strain. Using these BCG and <i>M. intracellulare</i> strains, we observed intracellular accumulation of ethidium bromide (EtBr). <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found positive correlations between Pks12 and drug resistance for all of the antibiotics tested. The drug susceptible <i>M. intracellulare</i> strain showed higher EtBr accumulation. Consistent with this, EtBr was much more accumulated in <i>pks12</i>-disrupted BCG than wild-type or the complemented strains. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Collectively, these results suggest that Pks12 controls the multidrug resistance in part through intracellular drug accumulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241499.v1
title: Erratum: Downregulation of Fumarate Hydratase Is Related to Tumorigenesis in Sporadic Renal Cell Cancer

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Although germline mutations of fumarate hydratase<b> </b>(FH) are a useful molecular marker of hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (RCC) syndrome, their clinical significance in sporadic RCC has not been studied in detail. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible correlations between the expression of <i>FH</i> and the clinical implications of sporadic RCC. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b><i>FH</i> mRNA levels were evaluated in 140 tumor specimens from patients with primary RCC and in 62 specimens of corresponding normal-appearing kidney tissue using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on 6 normal surrounding tissues and 71 RCC tissues. <b><i>Results:</i></b><i>FH</i> mRNA levels were significantly lower in tumor tissues than in matched normal-appearing kidney tissues (p = 0.031). In all normal tissues, FH staining intensity was strong. However, the expression of <i>FH</i> showed no significant correlation with the pathological and clinical characteristics of patients with sporadic RCC. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results showed that <i>FH</i> mRNA expression decreased significantly in correlation with the transition from normal renal parenchyma to RCC. <i>FH</i> may be an indicator or tumorigenesis in sporadic RCC and could be a potential target for therapies against RCC in the future.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241487
title: Erratum: The Effects of Palmitic Acid on Nitric Oxide Production by Rat Skeletal Muscle: Mechanism via Superoxide and iNOS Activation

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>Increased plasma concentrations of free fatty acids (FFA) can lead to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, impaired effects on mitochondrial function, including uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and decrease of endogenous antioxidant defenses. Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly diffusible gas that presents a half-life of 5-10 seconds and is involved in several physiological and pathological conditions. The effects of palmitic acid on nitric oxide (NO) production by rat skeletal muscle cells and the possible mechanism involved were investigated. <b><i>Methods: </i></b>Primary cultured rat skeletal muscle cells were treated with palmitic acid and NO production was assessed by nitrite measurement (Griess method) and 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2-DA) assay. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB) activation was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay and iNOS protein content by western blotting. <b><i>Results: </i></b>Palmitic acid treatment increased nitric oxide production. This effect was abolished by treatment with NOS inhibitors, L-nitro-arginine (LNA) and L-nitro-arginine methyl esther (L-NAME). NF-ĸB activation and iNOS content were increased due to palmitic acid treatment. The participation of superoxide on nitric oxide production was investigated by incubating the cells with DAF-2-DA in the presence or absence of palmitic acid, a superoxide generator system (X-XO), a mixture of NOS inhibitors and SOD-PEG (superoxide dismutase linked to polyethylene glycol). Palmitic acid and X-XO system increased NO production and this effect was abolished when cells were treated with NOS inhibitors and also with SOD-PEG. <b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>In summary, palmitic acid stimulates NO production in cultured skeletal muscle cells through production of superoxide, nuclear factor-kappa B activation and increase of iNOS protein content.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241493.v1
title: Erratum: Microscopic Margins of Resection Influence Primary Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Survival

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>Primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are stromal tumors that arise from the gastrointestinal tract. Both surgical resection and molecular therapy are crucial in the treatment of these tumors. This study analyzes the outcomes of 151 patients with GIST treated at 3 institutions. These institutions comprise the GISTologist Study Group and provided follow-up data. <b><i>Patients and Methods: </i></b>151 patients with primary GIST were admitted and treated at the St. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital in Bologna, Italy, the Catholic University Hospital in Rome, Italy, and the Modena University Hospital and National Cancer Institute in Naples, Italy, over the past 11 years. Patient data as well as tumor and therapy variables were studied to identify factors predicting survival with a focus on the microscopic margins of resection. <b><i>Results: </i></b>All 151 patients had primary disease without metastasis and underwent complete resection of gross disease. The 5-year disease-free survival rate was 77%. Disease-free survival was predicted by tumor size, mitotic count, and margins of resection. Recurrence of disease after resection was predominantly intra-abdominal. <b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>Tumor size, mitotic count, and microscopic margins of resection predict disease-free survival in patients with primary GIST.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241478
title: Erratum: Could Alarmingly High Rates of Negative Diagnoses in Remote Rural Areas Be Minimized with Liquid-Based Cytology? Preliminary Results from the RODEO Study Team

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> It was the aim of this study to compare diagnostic performances of the BD SurePath™ liquid-based Papanicolaou test (LBC) and the conventional Papanicolaou test (CPT) in cervical samples of women from remote rural areas of Brazil. <b><i>Study Design:</i></b> Specimens were collected by mobile units provided by Barretos Cancer Hospital. This report evaluates the manual screening arm of the RODEO study. Of 12,048 women seen between May and December 2010, 6,001 were examined using LBC and 6,047 using CPT. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Comparative (LBC vs. CPT) outcomes were: all abnormal tests, 2.1 versus 1.0%; ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of unknown significance), 0.7 versus 0.1%; ASC-H (atypical squamous cells with possible high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions) and AGC (atypical glandular cells), 0.4 versus 0.3%; LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), 0.7 versus 0.3%; HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), 0.4 versus 0.2%, and unsatisfactory, 0.03 versus 0.08%. The LBC arm detected significantly more lesions (ASC-US+) than CPT (p &lt; 0.001); however, when we divided the diagnoses into two groups, ASC-H– (negative/ASC-US/LSIL) and ASC-H+ (ASC-H/AGC/HSIL), the difference was not statistically important (p = 0.213). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> With inherent difficulties in patient recruitment and patient compliance with cancer screening, best test performance including human papillomavirus test capability are vitally necessary in Brazil’s struggle to reduce cervical cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241481
title: Erratum: Steps through the Revision Process of Reproductive Health Sections of ICD-11

description: In 2007, the WHO initiated an organizational structure for the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Effective deployment of ICD-derived tools facilitates the use and collection of health information in a variety of resource settings, promoting quantitatively informed decisions. They also facilitate comparison of disease incidence and outcomes between different countries and different health care systems around the world. The Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) coordinates the revision of chapters 14 (diseases of the genitourinary system), 15 (pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium), and 16 (conditions originating in the perinatal period). RHR convened a technical advisory group (TAG), the Genito-Urinary Reproductive Medicine (GURM) TAG, for the ICD revision. The TAG’s work reflects the collective understanding of sexual and reproductive health and is now available for review within the ICD-11 revision process.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241469
title: Erratum: Psychoanalytic Single Cases Published in ISI-Ranked Journals: The Construction of an Online Archive

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241472
title: Erratum: Red Blood Cell Clearance in Inflammation

description: Anemia is a frequently encountered problem in the critically ill patient. The inability to compensate for anemia includes several mechanisms, collectively referred to as anemia of inflammation: reduced production of erythropoietin, impaired bone marrow response to erythropoietin, reduced iron availability, and increased red blood cell (RBC) clearance. This review focuses on mechanisms of RBC clearance during inflammation. We state that phosphatidylserine (PS) expression in inflammation is mainly enhanced due to an increase in ceramide, caused by an increase in sphingomyelinase activity due to either platelet activating factor, tumor necrosis factorα, or direct production by bacteria. Phagocytosis of RBCs during inflammation is mediated via RBC membrane protein band 3. Reduced deformability of RBCs seems an important feature in inflammation, also mediated by band 3 as well as by nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and sialic acid residues. Also, adherence of RBCs to the endothelium is increased during inflammation, most likely due to increased expression of endothelial adhesion molecules as well as PS on the RBC membrane, in combination with decreased capillary blood flow. Thereby, clearance of RBCs during inflammation shows similarities to clearance of senescent RBCs, but also has distinct entities, including increased adhesion to the endothelium.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241475
title: Erratum: Side Effects of Anti-Thyroid Drugs and Their Impact on the Choice of Treatment for Thyrotoxicosis in Pregnancy

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Hyperthyroidism in pregnancy is a serious condition and its management is complex. Whilst carbimazole/methimazole (CBZ/MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) have similar efficacies in controlling hyperthyroidism, their risk of side effects such as major congenital abnormalities and hepatotoxicity are different. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Various combinations of the terms ‘anti-thyroid drugs’, ‘thionamide’, ‘carbimazole’, ‘methimazole’, ‘propylthiouracil’, ‘pregnancy’, ‘side effects’, ‘agranulocytosis’, ‘birth defects’, ‘congenital malformations’, ‘embryopathy’, ‘aplasia cutis’, ‘hepatotoxicity’, ‘hepatic failure’, ‘maternal’ and ‘fetus’ were used to search MEDLINE and the Cochrane library. The references of retrieved papers were also reviewed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There is increasing evidence for a CBZ/MMI embryopathy, whilst data remain lacking for major congenital abnormalities with PTU. In contrast, PTU is associated with increased risk of severe liver injury. Management strategies to reduce these risks by using PTU in the first trimester and CBZ/MMI in the later trimesters remain untested. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> More evidence is still needed in defining the relative risks between CBZ/MMI and PTU of major congenital abnormalities and severe liver injury in pregnancy. Studies are also needed to establish the suitability of recent management suggestions in switching from PTU to CBZ/MMI after the first trimester. Major adverse outcomes secondary to CBZ/MMI and PTU are rare, and inadequately treated hyperthyroidism poses a far greater risk.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241478.v1
title: Erratum: Could Alarmingly High Rates of Negative Diagnoses in Remote Rural Areas Be Minimized with Liquid-Based Cytology? Preliminary Results from the RODEO Study Team

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> It was the aim of this study to compare diagnostic performances of the BD SurePath™ liquid-based Papanicolaou test (LBC) and the conventional Papanicolaou test (CPT) in cervical samples of women from remote rural areas of Brazil. <b><i>Study Design:</i></b> Specimens were collected by mobile units provided by Barretos Cancer Hospital. This report evaluates the manual screening arm of the RODEO study. Of 12,048 women seen between May and December 2010, 6,001 were examined using LBC and 6,047 using CPT. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Comparative (LBC vs. CPT) outcomes were: all abnormal tests, 2.1 versus 1.0%; ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of unknown significance), 0.7 versus 0.1%; ASC-H (atypical squamous cells with possible high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions) and AGC (atypical glandular cells), 0.4 versus 0.3%; LSIL (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), 0.7 versus 0.3%; HSIL (high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions), 0.4 versus 0.2%, and unsatisfactory, 0.03 versus 0.08%. The LBC arm detected significantly more lesions (ASC-US+) than CPT (p &lt; 0.001); however, when we divided the diagnoses into two groups, ASC-H– (negative/ASC-US/LSIL) and ASC-H+ (ASC-H/AGC/HSIL), the difference was not statistically important (p = 0.213). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> With inherent difficulties in patient recruitment and patient compliance with cancer screening, best test performance including human papillomavirus test capability are vitally necessary in Brazil’s struggle to reduce cervical cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241481.v1
title: Erratum: Steps through the Revision Process of Reproductive Health Sections of ICD-11

description: In 2007, the WHO initiated an organizational structure for the 11th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Effective deployment of ICD-derived tools facilitates the use and collection of health information in a variety of resource settings, promoting quantitatively informed decisions. They also facilitate comparison of disease incidence and outcomes between different countries and different health care systems around the world. The Department of Reproductive Health and Research (RHR) coordinates the revision of chapters 14 (diseases of the genitourinary system), 15 (pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium), and 16 (conditions originating in the perinatal period). RHR convened a technical advisory group (TAG), the Genito-Urinary Reproductive Medicine (GURM) TAG, for the ICD revision. The TAG’s work reflects the collective understanding of sexual and reproductive health and is now available for review within the ICD-11 revision process.