cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126899.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Association of Initial Twice-Weekly Hemodialysis Treatment with Preservation of Residual Kidney Function in ESRD Patients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Residual kidney function (RKF) has consistently been a predictor of greater survival in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. The relationship between hemodialysis (HD) treatment frequency and RKF preservation has not been well examined. We hypothesized that initial twice-weekly HD helps in maintaining a longer RKF. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a dialysis center in Shanghai, 168 ESRD patients were screened and finally 85 patients were identified for this main cohort study. We first examined these 85 MHD patients; 30 of them were initiated with twice-weekly HD for 6 months or longer and 55 patients were started and maintained on thrice-weekly HD treatment. Then a subcohort study in 48 incident MHD patients was implemented to assess the independent risk factors responsible for RKF decline during the first year of HD therapy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was then employed to examine the odds ratio of RKF loss. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The main cohort study showed that the clinical outcomes were almost the same between the two groups in 85 patients, but the percent of patients with RKF loss was significantly lower in the twice-weekly group compared with the thrice-weekly group, especially during the first year of HD initiation. In the 48 incident MHD patients, we found no significant differences between the two groups except for variations in the HD frequency, weekly Kt/V. The multivariate analysis showed that factors such as the male gender, HD frequency, URR and intradialytic hypotension episode were associated with RKF loss, and the odds ratio of RKF loss for each additional HD treatment per week was 7.2. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Twice-weekly HD during the first year of dialysis therapy appears to be associated with better RKF preservation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126881
title: Supplementary Material for: Adenosine Triphosphate-Induced Rabbit Corneal Endothelial Cell Proliferation in vitro via the P2Y2-PI3K/Akt Signaling Axis

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> To investigate the effect of the ATP-P2Y2-PI3K/Akt signaling axis on promoting rabbit corneal endothelial cell (RCEC) proliferation in vitro. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Five concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP; 1, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μM) were added to RCECs, and the cell proliferation was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining. Other P2Y2 receptor agonists and antagonists were added to the cells, and the proliferation effect was evaluated using CCK8 to determine the involvement of the P2Y2 receptor. Changes in the expression of phosphorylated Akt in RCECs treated with different concentrations of extracellular ATP and the duration of extracellular ATP on Akt phosphorylation were investigated using Western blotting. The pharmacological profiles with or without the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors were also determined using Western blotting. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found that 10 μM ATP strongly promoted RCEC proliferation in vitro. Additionally, 25 μM ATP had a proliferation effect, whereas other concentrations (1, 50 and 100 μM) had no effect compared with the control group. Selective P2Y2 receptor agonists (UTP, ATPγS and Ap<sub>4</sub>A) showed the same promotion effect, while P2Y2 antagonists and PI3K/Akt inhibitors inhibited the effect of ATP. Moreover, phosphorylated Akt could be induced by the addition of extracellular ATP at all five concentrations and lasted for 1 h. This phosphorylation was prevented by PI3K/Akt inhibitors and a P2Y2 antagonist. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> These findings showed that 10 μM ATP markedly promoted RCEC proliferation via the P2Y2-PI3K/Akt signaling axis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126887
title: Supplementary Material for: Subsets of a Large Cognitive Battery Better Power Clinical Trials on Early Stage Alzheimer's Disease

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Cognitive batteries routinely used by the Alzheimer's disease (AD) research community may contain items that are uninformative for tracking disease progression to power clinical trials on early stage AD. We aim to identify the subsets of the most informative items from an existing cognitive battery to better power clinical trials on early AD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Longitudinal change in item scores from the battery was associated with the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in 1,513 elderly individuals. Items whose longitudinal changes were correlated with the onset of MCI were selected as informative for tracking the early cognitive progression. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 226 items in the battery were annually assessed over a follow-up of up to 13 years. Changes of item scores over time from 187 items were significantly correlated with the onset of MCI. For clinical trials on preclinical AD and on MCI, informative items permit smaller or similar sample sizes as compared to the entire battery, whereas uninformative items require much larger sample sizes. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Longitudinal changes in item scores from about 17% of items in the cognitive battery are uninformative for tracking early disease progression. Clinical trials on early AD can be better powered using informative items rather than the entire battery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126890
title: Supplementary Material for: Guggulsterone, a Plant-Derived Inhibitor of NF-TB, Suppresses CDX2 and COX-2 Expression and Reduces the Viability of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Induction by bile acid of caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression via nuclear factor-TB (NF-TB) activation is a critical event in the development of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Guggulsterone (GS) is a plant sterol that inhibits NF-TB activity. Here, we evaluated whether GS has either or both chemopreventive or therapeutic effects against EAC. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Two EAC cells lines were treated with deoxycholic acid (DCA) in the presence of GS or vehicle. The levels of transcription and translation of <i>ITBE</i>, <i>CDX2</i>, and <i>COX-2</i> were determined. Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) levels, cell viability, and cell cycle distribution were assessed as well. <b><i>Results:</i></b> GS inhibited DCA-induced ITBE phosphorylation. GS and the NF-TB inhibitor BAY11-7085 suppressed DCA-induced <i>CDX2</i> and <i>COX-2</i> expression in EAC cells. GS also suppressed basal transcription levels of <i>CDX2</i> and <i>COX-2</i> and reduced constitutive synthesis of COX-2 and PGE<sub>2</sub>. Further, GS reduced the viability of EAC cells, increased their numbers in the apoptotic sub-G1 fraction. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> GS suppressed DCA-induced and NF-TB-dependent activation of <i>CDX2</i> and <i>COX-2</i> expression. Further, GS also reduced the viability of EAC cells. GS may serve as candidate for preventing and treating EAC and BE. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126884
title: Supplementary Material for: The Influence of the Acyl Chain on the Transdermal Penetration-Enhancing Effect of Synthetic Phytoceramides

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> The skin has become very attractive as a route for drug administration. Optimization of topical drug formulations by the addition of penetration enhancers may facilitate the passage of drugs through the stratum corneum. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this paper, the skin penetration effect of phytosphingosine and 9 derived phytoceramides (PCERs) on 3 transdermal model drugs (i.e. caffeine, testosterone, ibuprofen) was investigated via Franz diffusion cell experiments using split-thickness human skin. Azone was included as a positive control. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The main finding in our study was that the PCERs exerted a compound-dependent penetration-enhancing effect. Some of the investigated PCERs exhibited a penetration-enhancing ratio of more than 2 (mean ± SE): for caffeine PCER1 (2.48 ± 0.44), PCER2 (2.75 ± 0.74), PCER3 (2.62 ± 0.93) and PCER6 (2.70 ± 0.45) and for testosterone PCER1 (2.08 ± 0.56), PCER2 (2.56 ± 0.13), PCER3 (3.48), PCER4 (2.53), PCER5 (2.04 ± 0.14), PCER6 (2.05 ± 0.48) and PCER10 (4.84 ± 0.79), but none of them had an influence on ibuprofen. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The investigated PCERs exhibited a penetration-enhancing effect on caffeine and testosterone but not on ibuprofen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126887.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Subsets of a Large Cognitive Battery Better Power Clinical Trials on Early Stage Alzheimer's Disease

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Cognitive batteries routinely used by the Alzheimer's disease (AD) research community may contain items that are uninformative for tracking disease progression to power clinical trials on early stage AD. We aim to identify the subsets of the most informative items from an existing cognitive battery to better power clinical trials on early AD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Longitudinal change in item scores from the battery was associated with the onset of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in 1,513 elderly individuals. Items whose longitudinal changes were correlated with the onset of MCI were selected as informative for tracking the early cognitive progression. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 226 items in the battery were annually assessed over a follow-up of up to 13 years. Changes of item scores over time from 187 items were significantly correlated with the onset of MCI. For clinical trials on preclinical AD and on MCI, informative items permit smaller or similar sample sizes as compared to the entire battery, whereas uninformative items require much larger sample sizes. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Longitudinal changes in item scores from about 17% of items in the cognitive battery are uninformative for tracking early disease progression. Clinical trials on early AD can be better powered using informative items rather than the entire battery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126881.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Adenosine Triphosphate-Induced Rabbit Corneal Endothelial Cell Proliferation in vitro via the P2Y2-PI3K/Akt Signaling Axis

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> To investigate the effect of the ATP-P2Y2-PI3K/Akt signaling axis on promoting rabbit corneal endothelial cell (RCEC) proliferation in vitro. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Five concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP; 1, 10, 25, 50 and 100 μM) were added to RCECs, and the cell proliferation was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining. Other P2Y2 receptor agonists and antagonists were added to the cells, and the proliferation effect was evaluated using CCK8 to determine the involvement of the P2Y2 receptor. Changes in the expression of phosphorylated Akt in RCECs treated with different concentrations of extracellular ATP and the duration of extracellular ATP on Akt phosphorylation were investigated using Western blotting. The pharmacological profiles with or without the PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors were also determined using Western blotting. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found that 10 μM ATP strongly promoted RCEC proliferation in vitro. Additionally, 25 μM ATP had a proliferation effect, whereas other concentrations (1, 50 and 100 μM) had no effect compared with the control group. Selective P2Y2 receptor agonists (UTP, ATPγS and Ap<sub>4</sub>A) showed the same promotion effect, while P2Y2 antagonists and PI3K/Akt inhibitors inhibited the effect of ATP. Moreover, phosphorylated Akt could be induced by the addition of extracellular ATP at all five concentrations and lasted for 1 h. This phosphorylation was prevented by PI3K/Akt inhibitors and a P2Y2 antagonist. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> These findings showed that 10 μM ATP markedly promoted RCEC proliferation via the P2Y2-PI3K/Akt signaling axis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126884.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The Influence of the Acyl Chain on the Transdermal Penetration-Enhancing Effect of Synthetic Phytoceramides

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> The skin has become very attractive as a route for drug administration. Optimization of topical drug formulations by the addition of penetration enhancers may facilitate the passage of drugs through the stratum corneum. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this paper, the skin penetration effect of phytosphingosine and 9 derived phytoceramides (PCERs) on 3 transdermal model drugs (i.e. caffeine, testosterone, ibuprofen) was investigated via Franz diffusion cell experiments using split-thickness human skin. Azone was included as a positive control. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The main finding in our study was that the PCERs exerted a compound-dependent penetration-enhancing effect. Some of the investigated PCERs exhibited a penetration-enhancing ratio of more than 2 (mean ± SE): for caffeine PCER1 (2.48 ± 0.44), PCER2 (2.75 ± 0.74), PCER3 (2.62 ± 0.93) and PCER6 (2.70 ± 0.45) and for testosterone PCER1 (2.08 ± 0.56), PCER2 (2.56 ± 0.13), PCER3 (3.48), PCER4 (2.53), PCER5 (2.04 ± 0.14), PCER6 (2.05 ± 0.48) and PCER10 (4.84 ± 0.79), but none of them had an influence on ibuprofen. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The investigated PCERs exhibited a penetration-enhancing effect on caffeine and testosterone but not on ibuprofen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126890.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Guggulsterone, a Plant-Derived Inhibitor of NF-TB, Suppresses CDX2 and COX-2 Expression and Reduces the Viability of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cells

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Induction by bile acid of caudal type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression via nuclear factor-TB (NF-TB) activation is a critical event in the development of Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Guggulsterone (GS) is a plant sterol that inhibits NF-TB activity. Here, we evaluated whether GS has either or both chemopreventive or therapeutic effects against EAC. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Two EAC cells lines were treated with deoxycholic acid (DCA) in the presence of GS or vehicle. The levels of transcription and translation of <i>ITBE</i>, <i>CDX2</i>, and <i>COX-2</i> were determined. Prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> (PGE<sub>2</sub>) levels, cell viability, and cell cycle distribution were assessed as well. <b><i>Results:</i></b> GS inhibited DCA-induced ITBE phosphorylation. GS and the NF-TB inhibitor BAY11-7085 suppressed DCA-induced <i>CDX2</i> and <i>COX-2</i> expression in EAC cells. GS also suppressed basal transcription levels of <i>CDX2</i> and <i>COX-2</i> and reduced constitutive synthesis of COX-2 and PGE<sub>2</sub>. Further, GS reduced the viability of EAC cells, increased their numbers in the apoptotic sub-G1 fraction. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> GS suppressed DCA-induced and NF-TB-dependent activation of <i>CDX2</i> and <i>COX-2</i> expression. Further, GS also reduced the viability of EAC cells. GS may serve as candidate for preventing and treating EAC and BE. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126872
title: Supplementary Material for: A Hospital-Based Survey on Food Allergy in the Population of Kolkata, India

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Food allergy is increasing worldwide, and Asian countries are not the exception. Still, ample data are lacking in India. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a metropolis of Eastern India to record the presence of food allergy among the local population. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The prevalence of food allergy was investigated among patients reporting to The Institute of Child Health and Mediland Diagnostics in Kolkata, India. A total of 5,161 patients were subdivided into 3 age groups and surveyed accordingly. The evaluation was conducted via a questionnaire and a skin prick test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among the 5,161 patients tested, 4,160 showed a positive response to one or more food items. Banana (32%), brinjal (29%), wheat (22%), and egg (23%) were found to be dominant allergens. Sixty-three percent of patients with a family history of allergy showed either a sudden or an insidious mode of onset, whereas the remaining 37% suffered insidious allergic symptoms with no record of a family history of allergy. Skin rashes, cough, and sneezing were the major symptoms observed. Patients in the age group of 15-40 years were the most susceptible. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It has been observed that certain specific foods consumed in specific regions cause allergies that are unique to their respective populations. In the present study, the most commonly consumed foods in the studied area, e.g. banana, brinjal, wheat, and egg, had severe effects on the local population. Complementary studies in other countries as well as in other parts of India will allow us to gain further insight into this fact. Some other influencing factors were found to be genetics, cultural habits, and occupation. Avoidance of the allergy-causing food is the best way to deal with food allergy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126875
title: Supplementary Material for: Die Funktionsanalyse in der Verhaltenstherapie

description: Die funktionale Betrachtung von psychischen Störungen ist allen Ansätzen gemein, die verhaltenstherapeutische Prinzipien nutzen. Allerdings variieren die Ansätze beträchtlich bezüglich der Aspekte, die sie in den Fokus der Funktionsanalyse stellen. Insbesondere die teleologische Betrachtung psychischer Symptome im Sinne der Zweckdienlichkeit problematischer Verhaltensweisen erweist sich häufig als außerordentlich wertvoll für Verständnis und Modifikation einer bestimmten Symptomatik. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Funktionsanalyse in der Tradition der Verhaltenstherapie sowie in neueren Ansätzen der sogenannten Dritten Welle und stellt Möglichkeiten zur Erschließung von Funktionalitäten im Rahmen des psychotherapeutischen Prozesses vor.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126878
title: Supplementary Material for: Intra-Arterial Signal on Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion MRI to Identify the Presence of Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The susceptibility vessel sign on gradient echo-type-T2*-weighted imaging is a well-known marker of arterial occlusion. Stagnant flow in front of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion sites may contribute to the intra-arterial, high-intensity signal on arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), making it another potential marker of MCA occlusion. We compared the intra-arterial, high-intensity signal and susceptibility vessel sign in patients with symptomatic MCA occlusion and patients without major vessel occlusion. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We identified transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke patients with (1) 3-T MRI performed within 24 h after clinical onset including arterial spin labeling, T2*-weighted imaging, and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and (2) either having MCA occlusion (n = 34 patients) or without major vessel occlusion (n = 24 patients). The intra-arterial, high-intensity signal was defined as an enlarged circular or linear bright hyperintensity within the artery. The susceptibility vessel sign was defined as an enlarged spot of hypointensity within the MCA, in which the diameter of the hypointense signal within the vessel exceeded the contralateral vessel diameter. The presence or absence of the intra-arterial, high-intensity signal and susceptibility vessel sign were assessed, along with their inter-rater agreement and consistency with the presence of MCA occlusion on MRA. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The intra-arterial, high-intensity signal was detectable in 30 patients (52%), and susceptibility vessel sign was observed in 17 patients (29%). The sensitivity of the intra-arterial high-intensity signal was significantly higher than that of the susceptibility vessel sign (88% vs. 50%; p &lt; 0.05). The accuracy of the intra-arterial high-intensity signal was also higher than that of the susceptibility vessel sign (93% vs. 71%; p &lt; 0.05). The intra-arterial high-intensity signal was situated in the proximal regions of the susceptibility vessel sign on T2*WI within the MCA. Neither the intra-arterial high-intensity signal nor the susceptibility vessel sign was observed in patients without major vessel occlusion. Inter-rater agreement was good for intra-arterial high-intensity signal detection (κ = 0.73) and moderate for susceptibility vessel sign detection (κ = 0.47). The presence or absence of the intra-arterial high-intensity signal was highly consistent with that of MCA occlusion on MRA (κ = 0.74). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The intra-arterial high-intensity signal on arterial spin labeling appears to be useful to identify the presence of acute MCA occlusion and may be associated with stagnant flow in front of occlusion sites. The intra-arterial high-intensity signal may also be used to identify the occlusion site.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126866
title: Supplementary Material for: Association of U.S. Dialysis Facility Neighborhood Characteristics with Facility-Level Kidney Transplantation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Improving access to optimal healthcare may depend on the attributes of neighborhoods where patients receive healthcare services. We investigated whether the characteristics of dialysis facility neighborhoods - where most patients with end-stage renal disease are treated - were associated with facility-level kidney transplantation.<b><i> Methods:</i></b> We examined the association between census tract (neighborhood)-level sociodemographic factors and facility-level kidney transplantation rate in 3,983 U.S. dialysis facilities where kidney transplantation rates were high. Number of kidney transplants and total person-years contributed at the facility level in 2007-2010 were obtained from the Dialysis Facility Report and linked to the census tract data on sociodemographic characteristics from the American Community Survey 2006-2010 by dialysis facility location.<b> </b>We used multivariable Poisson models with generalized estimating equations to estimate the link between the neighborhood characteristics and transplant incidence. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Dialysis facilities in the United States were located in neighborhoods with substantially greater proportions of black and poor residents, relative to the national average. Most facility neighborhood characteristics were associated with transplant, with incidence rate ratios (95% CI) for standardized increments (in percentage) of neighborhood exposures of: living in poverty, 0.88 (0.84-0.92), black race, 0.83 (0.78-0.89); high school graduates, 1.22 (1.17-1.26); and unemployed, 0.90 (0.85-0.95). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Dialysis facility neighborhood characteristics may be modestly associated with facility rates of kidney transplantation. The success of dialysis facility interventions to improve access to kidney transplantation may partially depend on reducing neighborhood-level barriers.