cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b7093hv2
title: Data from: Evolution of root plasticity responses to variation in soil nutrient distribution and concentration

description: Root plasticity, a trait that can respond to selective pressure, may help
 plants forage for nutrients in heterogeneous soils. Agricultural breeding
 programs have artificially selected for increased yield under
 comparatively homogeneous soil conditions, potentially decreasing the
 capacity for plasticity in crop plants like barley (Hordeum vulgare).
 However, the effects of domestication on the evolution of root plasticity
 are essentially unknown. Using a split container approach, we examined
 differences in root plasticity among three domestication levels of barley
 germplasm (wild, landrace, and cultivar) grown under different
 concentrations and distribution patterns of soil nutrients. Domestication
 level, nutrient concentration, and nutrient distribution interactively
 affected average root diameter; differential root allocation (within-plant
 plasticity) was greatest in wild barley (H. spontaneum), especially under
 low nutrient levels. Correlations of within-plant root plasticity and
 plant size were most pronounced in modern cultivars under low nutrient
 conditions. Barley plants invested more resources to root systems when
 grown in low nutrient soils and allocated more roots to higher nutrient
 locations. Root plasticity in barley is scale dependent and varies with
 domestication level. Although wild barley harbors a greater capacity for
 within-plant root plasticity than domesticated barley, cultivars exhibited
 the greatest capacity to translate within-plant plasticity into increased
 plant size.
description: EVA-2011-182-OA.R1_Grossman and Rice_datafileExcel workbook containing three spreadsheets: 1) the data associated with this study, 2) a description of the data fields, 3) a list of the accessions used in the study.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jf1bv
title: Data from: Daily blood feeding rhythms of laboratory-reared North American Culex pipiens

description: Background: Blood feeding by free-living insect vectors of disease is
 rhythmic and can be used to predict when infectious bites will occur.
 These daily rhythms can also be targeted by control measures, as in
 insecticide-treated nets. Culex pipiens form pipiens and C.p. f. molestus
 are two members of the Culex pipiens assemblage and vectors of West Nile
 Virus throughout North America. Although Culex species vector human
 pathogens and parasites, the daily blood feeding rhythms of C.p. f.
 molestus, to our knowledge, have not been studied. We described and
 compared the daily blood feeding rhythms of three laboratory-reared
 populations of Culex pipiens, one of which has confirmed molestus
 ancestry. We also examined the plasticity of blood feeding time for these
 three populations. Results: For most (&gt;70%) C.p. f. pipiens and
 C.p. f. molestus collected from metropolitan Chicago, IL, blood feeding
 took place during scotophase. Peak blood feeding occurred in
 mid-scotophase, 3-6 hours after lights off. For C.p. f. pipiens
 originating from Pennsylvania, most mosquitoes (&gt; 90%) blood fed
 during late photophase and early scotophase. C.p. f. molestus denied a
 blood meal during scotophase were less likely to blood feed during early
 photophase (&lt; 20%) than were C.p. f. pipiens from Chicago (&gt;
 50%). C.p. f. pipiens from Pennsylvania were capable of feeding readily at
 any hour of photo- or scotophase. Conclusions: Daily blood feeding rhythms
 of C.p. f. molestus are similar to those of C.p. f. pipiens, particularly
 when populations originate from the same geographic region. However, the
 timing of blood feeding is more flexible for C.p. f. pipiens populations
 relative to C.p. f. molestus.
description: BFR_elapsed_timeCulex pipiens blood feeding rhythms during a 24 h day as measured by elapsed time to feeding. Please see descriptive information at the head of the file.blood_feeding_data_for_analysisCulex pipiens blood feeding rhythms as measured by proportion fed at 3 h intervals over a 24 h day. Please see descriptive information at the head of the file.sep_cagesCulex pipiens feeding when cages were only allowed access to the blood feeder for one 3 h interval during the 24 h test. Please see descriptive information at the head of the data file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v49vd
title: Data from: Selection for life-history traits to maximize population growth in an invasive marine species

description: Species establishing outside their natural range, negatively impacting
 local ecosystems, are of increasing global concern. They often display
 life-history features characteristic for r-selected populations with fast
 growth and high reproduction rates to achieve positive population growth
 rates (r) in invaded habitats. Here, we demonstrate substantially earlier
 maturation at a 2 orders of magnitude lower body mass at first
 reproduction in invasive compared to native populations of the comb jelly
 Mnemiopsis leidyi. Empirical results are corroborated by a theoretical
 model for competing life-history traits that predicts maturation at the
 smallest possible size to optimize r, while individual lifetime
 reproductive success (R0), optimized in native populations, is near
 constant over a large range of intermediate maturation sizes. We suggest
 that high variability in reproductive tactics in native populations is an
 underappreciated determinant of invasiveness, acting as substrate upon
 which selection can act during the invasion process.
description: Fig_1_ln_weight_vs_ageUnderlying data for Fig. 1 regarding weight of M. leidyi (as ln mgC) versus age. Check publication for details.Fig_1_SEP_vs_ageUnderlying data for Fig. 1 regarding specific egg production of M. leidyi (per day) versus age. Check publication for details.Fig.2_life_time_reproductive_success_population_growth_rateUnderlying data for Fig. 2 regarding life time reproductive success and population growth rate of M. leidyi versus maturation size (mgC). Check publication for details.Fig.2.txtTable3_Fig3a_4a_eggs_vs_sizeAll data from review table 3 which have been used to generate Figures 3a and 4a. Data refer to all studies summarized in Table 3 of the underlying publication and includes oral-aboral length of M. leidyi, egg production rates (ind.-1 d-1) and respective references, where those data have been sourced from.Fig.3b SPE_versus_MassUnderlying data for Fig. 3b regarding Fraction of surplus energy allocated to reproduction of M. leidyi versus body mass (mgC), split up into native and invasive sub-populations. Check publication for details.Fig.3b.txtFig.4b_Egg_production_native_invasive_subpopulations_size_binsUnderlying data for Fig. 4b regarding egg production rates of native and invasive sub-populations versus 1cm size bins for M. leidyi. Check publication for details.Fig.4b.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2gr06
title: Data from: Quantitative genetic insights into the coevolutionary dynamics of male and female genitalia

description: The spectacular variability that typically characterizes male genital
 traits has largely been attributed to the role of sexual selection. Among
 the evolutionary mechanisms proposed to account for this diversity, two
 processes in particular have generated considerable interest. On the one
 hand, females may exploit postcopulatory mechanisms of selection to favour
 males with preferred genital traits (cryptic female choice; CFC), while on
 the other hand females may evolve structures or behaviours that mitigate
 the direct costs imposed by male genitalia (sexual conflict; SC). A
 critical but rarely explored assumption underlying both processes is that
 male and female reproductive traits coevolve, either via the classic
 Fisherian model of preference-trait coevolution (CFC) or through sexually
 antagonistic selection (SC). Here, we provide evidence for this prediction
 in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), a polyandrous livebearing fish in
 which males transfer sperm internally to females via consensual and forced
 matings. Our results from a paternal half-sibling breeding design reveal
 substantial levels of additive genetic variation underlying male genital
 size and morphology—two traits known to predict mating success during
 non-consensual matings. Our subsequent finding that physically interacting
 female genital traits exhibit corresponding levels of genetic
 (co)variation reveals the potential intersexual coevolutionary dynamics of
 male and female genitalia, thereby fulfilling a fundamental assumption
 underlying CFC and SC theory.
description: QG of male and female
 genitaliaColumn headings are
 self-explaining and can be easily connected to main
 text.data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.365fj
title: Data from: Stochastic population dynamics and life-history variation in marine fish species

description: We examined whether differences in life-history characteristics can
 explain interspecific variation in stochastic population dynamics in nine
 marine fish species living in the Barents Sea system. After observation
 errors in population estimates were accounted for, temporal variability in
 natural mortality rate, annual recruitment, and population growth rate was
 negatively related to generation time. Mean natural mortality rate, annual
 recruitment, and population growth rate were lower in long-lived species
 than in short-lived species. Thus, important species-specific
 characteristics of the population dynamics were related to the species
 position along the slow-fast continuum of life-history variation. These
 relationships were further associated with interspecific differences in
 ecology: species at the fast end were mainly pelagic, with short
 generation times and high natural mortality, annual recruitment, and
 population growth rates, and also showed high temporal variability in
 those demographic traits. In contrast, species at the slow end were
 long-lived, deepwater species with low rates and reduced temporal
 variability in the same demographic traits. These interspecific
 relationships show that the life-history characteristics of a species can
 predict basic features of interspecific variation in population dynamical
 characteristics of marine fish, which should have implications for the
 choice of harvest strategy to facilitate sustainable yields.
description: FishDataSee ReadMe fileDryad.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b0b68
title: Data from: On the widespread capacity for and functional significance of extreme inbreeding in ferns

description: Homosporous vascular plants utilize three different mating systems, one of
 which, gametophytic selfing, is an extreme form of inbreeding only
 possible in homosporous groups. This mating system results in complete
 homozygosity in all progeny and has important evolutionary and ecological
 implications. Ferns are the largest group of homosporous land plants, and
 the significance of extreme inbreeding for fern evolution has been the
 subject of debate for decades. We cultured gametophytes in the laboratory
 and quantified the relative frequencies of sporophyte production from
 isolated and paired gametophytes, and examined associations between
 breeding systems and several ecological and evolutionary traits. The
 majority of fern species studied show a capacity for gametophytic selfing,
 producing sporophytes from both isolated and paired gametophytes. While we
 did not follow sporophytes to maturity to investigate potential
 detrimental effects of homozygosity at later developmental stages, our
 results suggest that gametophytic selfing may have greater significance
 for fern evolution and diversification than has previously been realized.
 We present evidence from the largest study of mating behavior in ferns to
 date that capacity for extreme inbreeding is prevalent in this lineage,
 and we discuss its implications and relevance and make recommendations for
 future studies of fern mating systems.
description: Supplementary tables S1
 and S2Supplementary tables S1
 and S2Dryad
 upload.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gr020
title: Data from: Conservation tillage mitigates the negative effect of landscape simplification on biological control

description: Biological pest control is a key ecosystem service, and it depends on
 multiple factors acting from the local to the landscape scale. However,
 the effects of soil management on biological control and its potential
 interaction with landscape are still poorly understood. In a field
 exclusion experiment, we explored the relative effect of tillage system
 (conservation vs. conventional tillage) on aphid biological control in 15
 pairs of winter cereal fields (barley and wheat) selected along a gradient
 of landscape complexity. We sampled the abundance of the main natural
 enemy guilds, and we evaluated their relative contribution to aphid
 predation and parasitism. Conservation tillage was found to support more
 abundant predator communities and higher aphid predation (16% higher than
 in the fields managed under conventional tillage). In particular, both the
 abundance and the aphid predation of vegetation- and ground-dwelling
 arthropods were increased under conservation tillage conditions.
 Conservation tillage also increased the parasitism rate of aphids. A high
 proportion of semi-natural habitats in the landscape enhanced both aphid
 parasitism and predation by vegetation-dwelling organisms but only in the
 fields managed under conventional tillage. The better local habitat
 quality provided by conservation tillage may compensate for a low-quality
 landscape. Synthesis and applications. Our study stresses the importance
 of considering both soil management and landscape composition when
 planning strategies to maximize biological control services in
 agro-ecosystems, highlighting the role played by conservation tillage in
 supporting natural enemy communities. In simple landscapes, the adoption
 of conservation tillage will locally improve biological control provided
 by both predators and parasitoids mitigating the negative effects of
 landscape simplification. Moreover, considering the small scale at which
 both predation and parasitism responded to landscape composition, a
 successful strategy to improve biological control would be to establish a
 fine mosaic of crop and non-crop areas such as hedgerows, tree lines and
 small semi-natural habitat patches.
description: Data regarding the paper
 "Conservation tillage mitigates the negative effect of landscape
 simplification on biological control" (Tamburini et al.
 2015)The excel file contains
 data regarding 1) the preliminary aphid survey in the fields, 2) the
 predation index for each of the exclusion treatment combination, 3)
 abundance of ground-dwelling predators (carabids, rove beetles and
 cursorial spiders), 4) abundance of vegetation-dwelling predators
 (ladybirds, hoverfly larvae and web spiders), 5) parasitism rate, 6)
 landscape composition.Tamburini et al.
 2015.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.43pv1
title: Data from: Perinatal and juvenile social environments interact to shape cognitive behaviour and neural phenotype in prairie voles

description: Social environments experienced at different developmental stages
 profoundly shape adult behavioural and neural phenotypes, and may have
 important interactive effects. We asked if social experience before and
 after weaning influenced adult social cognition in male prairie voles.
 Animals were raised either with or without fathers and then either housed
 singly or in sibling pairs. Males that were socially deprived before
 (fatherless) and after (singly housed) weaning did not demonstrate social
 recognition or dissociate spatial from social information. We also
 examined oxytocin and vasopressin receptors (OTR and V1aR) in areas of the
 forebrain associated with social behaviour and memory. Pre- and post-wean
 experience differentially altered receptor expression in several
 structures. Of note, OTR in the lateral septum—an area in which oxytocin
 inhibits social recognition—was greatest in animals that did not clearly
 demonstrate social recognition. The combination of absentee fathers on
 V1aR in the retrosplenial cortex and single housing on OTR in the
 septohippocampal nucleus produced a unique phenotype previously found to
 be associated with poor reproductive success in nature. We demonstrate
 that interactive effects of early life experiences throughout development
 have tremendous influence over brain–behaviour phenotype and can buffer
 potentially negative outcomes due to social deprivation.
description: Raw Data for Prounis
 Foley Rehman and OphirThis is the entire data
 raw data set for all comparisons reported in the manuscript. Data were
 analyzed using GraphPad Prism 5.0.Prounis et al. Raw
 Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9hr7t
title: Data from: Sea urchins in a high-CO2 world: the influence of acclimation on the immune response to ocean warming and acidification

description: Climate-induced ocean warming and acidification may render marine
 organisms more vulnerable to infectious diseases. We investigated the
 effects of warming and acidification on the immune response of the sea
 urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma. Sea urchins were gradually introduced
 to four combinations of temperature and pHNIST (17°C/pH 8.15, 17°C/pH 7.6,
 23°C/pH 8.15 and 23°C/pH 7.6) and then held in temperature–pH treatments
 for 1, 15 or 30 days to determine if the immune response would adjust to
 stressors over time. Coelomocyte concentration and type, phagocytic
 capacity and bactericidal activity were measured on day 1, 15 and 30 with
 different sea urchins used each time. At each time point, the coelomic
 fluid of individuals exposed to increased temperature and acidification
 had the lowest coelomocyte concentrations, exhibited lower phagocytic
 capacities and was least effective at inhibiting bacterial growth of the
 pathogen Vibrio anguillarum. Over time, increased temperature alleviated
 the negative effects of acidification on phagocytic activity. Our results
 demonstrate the importance of incorporating acclimation time to multiple
 stressors when assessing potential responses to future ocean conditions
 and indicate that the immune response of H. erythrogramma may be
 compromised under near-future ocean warming and acidification.
description: Raw
 DataRaw data set for
 coelomocyte counts and concentrations, phagocytic activity, and bacterial
 survival indices after sea urchins (Heliocidaris erythrogramma) were
 exposed to temperature and pH conditions for 1, 15, and 30
 days.data_immune_response_20140908_dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rr084
title: Data from: Geographic origins and population genetics of bats killed at wind-energy facilities

description: An unanticipated impact of wind-energy development has been large-scale
 mortality of insectivorous bats. In eastern North America, where mortality
 rates are among the highest in the world, the hoary bat (Lasiurus
 cinereus) and the eastern red bat (L. borealis) comprise the majority of
 turbine-associated bat mortality. Both species are migratory tree bats
 with widespread distributions; however, little is known regarding the
 geographic origins of bats killed at wind-energy facilities or the
 diversity and population structure of affected species. We addressed these
 unknowns by measuring stable hydrogen isotope ratios (δ2H) and conducting
 population genetic analyses of bats killed at wind-energy facilities in
 the central Appalachian Mountains (USA) to determine the summering
 origins, effective size, structure, and temporal stability of populations.
 Our results indicate that ~1% of hoary bat mortalities and ~57% of red bat
 mortalities derive from non-local sources, with no relationship between
 the proportion of non-local bats and sex, location of mortality, or month
 of mortality. Additionally, our data indicate that hoary bats in our
 sample consist of an unstructured population with a small effective size
 (Ne) and either a stable or declining history. Red bats also showed no
 evidence of population genetic structure, but in contrast to hoary bats,
 the diversity contained in our red bat samples is consistent with a much
 larger Ne that reflects a demographic expansion after a bottleneck. These
 results suggest that the impacts of mortality associated with intensive
 wind-energy development may affect bat species dissimilarly, with red bats
 potentially better able to absorb sustained mortality than hoary bats
 because of their larger Ne. Our results provide important baseline data
 and also illustrate the utility of stable isotopes and population genetics
 for monitoring bat populations affected by wind-energy development.
description: Microsatellite Data for
 246 Lasiurus cinereus (14 loci)Microsatellite genotype
 scores for 246 hoary bats (Lasiurus cincereus) at 14
 loci.HOBA_for_Tandem_original_tandem.txtGenotype scores for 142 Lasiurus borealis (14 loci)Microsatellite genotype scores for 142 easter red bats (Lasiurus cincereus) at 14 loci.ERBA_for_Tandem_original_tandem.txtHair hydrogen isotope data for 246 Lasiurus cinereusStable hydrogen isotope ratios of hair for hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus)Hoary bat H isotope data_dryad.xlsxHair hydrogen isotope data for 144 Lasiurus borealisStable hydrogen isotope ratios of hair for red bats (Lasiurus borealis)Red bat H isotope data_dryad.xlsx