cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012544
title: Enzymatic and antagonistic potential of bacteria isolated from typical fruit of Cerrado in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

description: Brazil has great biodiversity, which is observed in the Cerrado biome of the tropical Brazilian savanna. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify bacteria from Psychotria hoffmannseggiana with potential cellulase and pectinase production and with antagonistic activity against Aspergillus carbonarius, an Ochratoxin A (OTA) producer. Ripe fruit were collected in the region of Passos City in the preserved Cerrado area in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Serial dilutions were performed, and the bacteria isolated were biochemically characterized and identified by sequencing. To analyze the production of enzymes, the bacteria were cultivated in CMC and pectinase media. The better enzyme producers were optimized for production. Assays on the antagonistic activity for growth and sporulation were carried out in co-culture (bacteria and filamentous fungi). TLC was performed to verify the mycotoxin production. The predominant microbiota were Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Some isolates showed potential for enzymatic and antagonistic activity, especially the isolate identified as Lysinibacillus fusiformis. This species was a better producer of cellulases (maximum activity: 103.1 mg glucose min.-1 mg-1 protein). In conclusion, the bacteria isolated from Psychotria hoffmannseggiana showed biotechnological potential for agro-industry and the environmental aspect.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012544.v1
title: Enzymatic and antagonistic potential of bacteria isolated from typical fruit of Cerrado in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

description: Brazil has great biodiversity, which is observed in the Cerrado biome of the tropical Brazilian savanna. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify bacteria from Psychotria hoffmannseggiana with potential cellulase and pectinase production and with antagonistic activity against Aspergillus carbonarius, an Ochratoxin A (OTA) producer. Ripe fruit were collected in the region of Passos City in the preserved Cerrado area in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Serial dilutions were performed, and the bacteria isolated were biochemically characterized and identified by sequencing. To analyze the production of enzymes, the bacteria were cultivated in CMC and pectinase media. The better enzyme producers were optimized for production. Assays on the antagonistic activity for growth and sporulation were carried out in co-culture (bacteria and filamentous fungi). TLC was performed to verify the mycotoxin production. The predominant microbiota were Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Some isolates showed potential for enzymatic and antagonistic activity, especially the isolate identified as Lysinibacillus fusiformis. This species was a better producer of cellulases (maximum activity: 103.1 mg glucose min.-1 mg-1 protein). In conclusion, the bacteria isolated from Psychotria hoffmannseggiana showed biotechnological potential for agro-industry and the environmental aspect.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012545
title: Biological soil loosening by grasses from genus Brachiaria in crop-livestock integration

description: Soil compaction associated with pastures degradation can decrease animal productivity, forage longevity and compromise environmental sustainability. To confront this serious issue, the loosening potential of forages should be recognized. We evaluated the least limiting water range as indicator of biological loosening potential in relation to cultivation of grasses the genus Brachiariain crop-livestock integration. We also evaluated the water availability to soybean crop that succeeded these grasses. Our studies were performed in two stages. In the first stage, we divided 32 plots into four randomized blocks in which we cultivated corn combined with following treatments: 1 - Brachiaria brizanthacultivar Marandu; 2 - Xaraes; 3 - Piata; 4 - MG4; 5 - B. decumbens; 6 - B. ruziziensis; 7 - Invasive plants; and 8 - uncovered soil. We evaluated soil, to quantify the biological soil loosening, and also forages. In the second stage, we cultivated soybean and added: 9 - conventional tillage as a control treatment, increasing number of plots to 36. Our results suggest that it is possible to cultivate Brachiaria brizantha or Brachiaria decumbens as management strategy to aid edaphic recovery. Xaraes and Piata grasses provide greater soil loosening while increasing water availability to successive soybean crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012545.v1
title: Biological soil loosening by grasses from genus Brachiaria in crop-livestock integration

description: Soil compaction associated with pastures degradation can decrease animal productivity, forage longevity and compromise environmental sustainability. To confront this serious issue, the loosening potential of forages should be recognized. We evaluated the least limiting water range as indicator of biological loosening potential in relation to cultivation of grasses the genus Brachiariain crop-livestock integration. We also evaluated the water availability to soybean crop that succeeded these grasses. Our studies were performed in two stages. In the first stage, we divided 32 plots into four randomized blocks in which we cultivated corn combined with following treatments: 1 - Brachiaria brizanthacultivar Marandu; 2 - Xaraes; 3 - Piata; 4 - MG4; 5 - B. decumbens; 6 - B. ruziziensis; 7 - Invasive plants; and 8 - uncovered soil. We evaluated soil, to quantify the biological soil loosening, and also forages. In the second stage, we cultivated soybean and added: 9 - conventional tillage as a control treatment, increasing number of plots to 36. Our results suggest that it is possible to cultivate Brachiaria brizantha or Brachiaria decumbens as management strategy to aid edaphic recovery. Xaraes and Piata grasses provide greater soil loosening while increasing water availability to successive soybean crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012548
title: Parasitoids associated with the black scale Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in olive trees in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Black scale, Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) is an important pest of olive trees (Olea europaea L.) that requires the use insecticides for its control. Parasitoids are important regulating agents of this pest, but currently, no information on its complex of natural enemies and their impact on black scale in Brazilian conditions exists. This study focused on identifying parasitoid wasps that were associated with the black scale on olive trees to establish their relative abundance and rate of parasitism. Samplings were maintained in an olive orchard located in Maria da Fe, south of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and infested branches were stored in emergence containers to recover parasitoids. Another group was kept in Flanders batteries to evaluate the rate of parasitism in approximately 100 scales. Sixteen parasitoid species were collected during the sampling period, and the most common species were Coccophagus caridei (Brèthes) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Diversinervus elegans Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Mesopeltita truncatipennis (Waterston) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), the latter of which was most abundant and frequent. Parasitism ranged from 3 to 31% with peaks in summer and autumn. This level could be considered insufficient to hold the black scale under the economic injury level; however, these parasitoids should be preserved for contributions to population regulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012548.v1
title: Parasitoids associated with the black scale Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in olive trees in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Black scale, Saissetia oleae (Olivier) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) is an important pest of olive trees (Olea europaea L.) that requires the use insecticides for its control. Parasitoids are important regulating agents of this pest, but currently, no information on its complex of natural enemies and their impact on black scale in Brazilian conditions exists. This study focused on identifying parasitoid wasps that were associated with the black scale on olive trees to establish their relative abundance and rate of parasitism. Samplings were maintained in an olive orchard located in Maria da Fe, south of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and infested branches were stored in emergence containers to recover parasitoids. Another group was kept in Flanders batteries to evaluate the rate of parasitism in approximately 100 scales. Sixteen parasitoid species were collected during the sampling period, and the most common species were Coccophagus caridei (Brèthes) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), Diversinervus elegans Silvestri (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and Mesopeltita truncatipennis (Waterston) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), the latter of which was most abundant and frequent. Parasitism ranged from 3 to 31% with peaks in summer and autumn. This level could be considered insufficient to hold the black scale under the economic injury level; however, these parasitoids should be preserved for contributions to population regulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012551
title: Pochonia chlamydosporia promotes the growth of tomato and lettuce plants

description: ABSTRACT The fungus Pochonia chlamydosporia is one of the most studied biological agents used to control plant-parasitic nematodes. This study found that the isolates Pc-3, Pc-10 and Pc-19 of this fungus promote the growth of tomato and lettuce seedlings. The isolate Pc-19 colonized the rhizoplane of tomato seedlings in only 15 days and produced a large quantity of chlamydospores. This isolate was able to use cellulose as a carbon source, in addition to glucose and sucrose. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that hyphae of the P. chlamydosporia isolate Pc-10 penetrated the epidermal cells of the tomato roots. These three P. chlamydosporia isolates promote the growth of tomato and lettuce.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012554
title: The mixture volume sprayed by hydraulic and centrifugal energy nozzles for the control of Asian soybean rust

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate a means of controlling ASR (Phakopsora pachyrhizi H. Sydow & P. Sydow) by applying reduced fungicide volumes in association with spray nozzles using either hydraulic or centrifugal energy. Two experiments resulted from that objective: soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merril) of the 'BRS Valiosa RR' cultivar were grown at the Experimental Farm of the University of São Paulo State (Unesp) in Jaboticabal, Brazil. The treatments were distributed in the field according to a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of the volumes of 50, 100, and 150 L ha-1 (droplets resulting from hydraulic energy) and 17, 35, and 50 L ha-1 (droplets resulting from centrifugal energy). An additional treatment was applied without fungicide (i.e., baseline treatment). The volume of 150 L ha-1 with droplets formed by hydraulic energy permitted the best pathogen control using the fungicide azoxystrobina and cyproconazole in comparison with the other treatments. The volume of 17 L ha-1 with the droplets formed by centrifugal energy was the least efficient and resulted in the highest rust severity and the lowest grain yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012554.v1
title: The mixture volume sprayed by hydraulic and centrifugal energy nozzles for the control of Asian soybean rust

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate a means of controlling ASR (Phakopsora pachyrhizi H. Sydow & P. Sydow) by applying reduced fungicide volumes in association with spray nozzles using either hydraulic or centrifugal energy. Two experiments resulted from that objective: soybean plants (Glycine max (L.) Merril) of the 'BRS Valiosa RR' cultivar were grown at the Experimental Farm of the University of São Paulo State (Unesp) in Jaboticabal, Brazil. The treatments were distributed in the field according to a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of the volumes of 50, 100, and 150 L ha-1 (droplets resulting from hydraulic energy) and 17, 35, and 50 L ha-1 (droplets resulting from centrifugal energy). An additional treatment was applied without fungicide (i.e., baseline treatment). The volume of 150 L ha-1 with droplets formed by hydraulic energy permitted the best pathogen control using the fungicide azoxystrobina and cyproconazole in comparison with the other treatments. The volume of 17 L ha-1 with the droplets formed by centrifugal energy was the least efficient and resulted in the highest rust severity and the lowest grain yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012556
title: Micromorphometric analysis of porosity changes in the surface crusts of three soils in the Piracicaba region, São Paulo State, Brazil

description: The aim of this study was to micromorphologically analyze modifications in soil porosity due to the occurrence of erosive rainfall events. Three types of soils, Typic Hapludox, Typic Hapludult and Rhodic Kandiudalf, were analyzed to determine their total porosity and the distribution and number of pores. The soils were tilled with a heavy disk and leveling harrow to ensure homogeneity of surface conditions at the beginning of the trial period and to simulate cropping conditions. The soils were kept uncovered during the trial period, and rainfall events with intensities greater than 25 mm h-1were recorded. The results showed that all of the soils presented crust formation, influenced by the soil texture. NVef showed significant changes in total porosity, pore numbers and pore morphology, while LVAd and PVAd did not display marked modifications in these attributes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012556.v1
title: Micromorphometric analysis of porosity changes in the surface crusts of three soils in the Piracicaba region, São Paulo State, Brazil

description: The aim of this study was to micromorphologically analyze modifications in soil porosity due to the occurrence of erosive rainfall events. Three types of soils, Typic Hapludox, Typic Hapludult and Rhodic Kandiudalf, were analyzed to determine their total porosity and the distribution and number of pores. The soils were tilled with a heavy disk and leveling harrow to ensure homogeneity of surface conditions at the beginning of the trial period and to simulate cropping conditions. The soils were kept uncovered during the trial period, and rainfall events with intensities greater than 25 mm h-1were recorded. The results showed that all of the soils presented crust formation, influenced by the soil texture. NVef showed significant changes in total porosity, pore numbers and pore morphology, while LVAd and PVAd did not display marked modifications in these attributes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012557
title: Genetic dissimilarity for resistance to Mononychellus tanajoa (bondar) (Acari, Tetranychidae) among domesticated and wild Manihot species

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic dissimilarity among wild and domesticated species of Manihot for resistance to cassava green mite during the insect life cycle. Nine accessions of wild Manihot species, M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia, M. esculenta ssp. peruviana, and M. carthaginensis ssp. glaziovii, and two clones of M. esculenta (Cigana Preta and Sacaí) were evaluated under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH, and a 12-h photophase. Daily observations during the mite life cycle stages (larva-adult) were recorded. The data were subjected to an analysis of variance, a Scott-Knott test (5%), and Singh criterion, cluster, and principal component analyses. The larval-adult period ranged from 5.53 to 7.01 days: the longest period was observed on an M. glaziovii accession (GLA-19-DF) and the shortest on an M. flabellifolia accession (FLA-025V). The UPGMA method allowed the division of the genotypes into six groups, with the greatest distance between the FLA-025V and GLA-19-DF accessions. The first two main components explained 77.50% of the total accumulated variation. The association of the longest cycle duration of M. tanajoa with the lowest larval-adult viability suggests that GLA-19-DF is less favorable to mite development compared to the other accessions. Significant variability among the genotypes was observed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012557.v1
title: Genetic dissimilarity for resistance to Mononychellus tanajoa (bondar) (Acari, Tetranychidae) among domesticated and wild Manihot species

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic dissimilarity among wild and domesticated species of Manihot for resistance to cassava green mite during the insect life cycle. Nine accessions of wild Manihot species, M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia, M. esculenta ssp. peruviana, and M. carthaginensis ssp. glaziovii, and two clones of M. esculenta (Cigana Preta and Sacaí) were evaluated under laboratory conditions at 25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 10% RH, and a 12-h photophase. Daily observations during the mite life cycle stages (larva-adult) were recorded. The data were subjected to an analysis of variance, a Scott-Knott test (5%), and Singh criterion, cluster, and principal component analyses. The larval-adult period ranged from 5.53 to 7.01 days: the longest period was observed on an M. glaziovii accession (GLA-19-DF) and the shortest on an M. flabellifolia accession (FLA-025V). The UPGMA method allowed the division of the genotypes into six groups, with the greatest distance between the FLA-025V and GLA-19-DF accessions. The first two main components explained 77.50% of the total accumulated variation. The association of the longest cycle duration of M. tanajoa with the lowest larval-adult viability suggests that GLA-19-DF is less favorable to mite development compared to the other accessions. Significant variability among the genotypes was observed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012559
title: Hierarchical genetic clusters for phenotypic analysis

description: ABSTRACT Methods to obtain phenotypic information were evaluated to help breeders choosing the best methodology for analysis of genetic diversity in backcross populations. Phenotypes were simulated for 13 characteristics generated in 10 populations with 100 individuals each. Genotypic information was generated from 100 loci of which 20 were taken at random to determine the characteristics expressing two alleles. Dissimilarity measures were calculated, and genetic diversity was analyzed through hierarchical clustering and graphic projection of the distances. A backcross was performed from the two most divergent populations. A set of characteristics with variable heritability was taken into account. The environmental effect was simulated assuming x~N(0, σ2). For hierarchical clusters, the following methods were used: Gower Method, average linkage within the cluster, average linkage among clusters, the furthest neighbor method, the nearest neighbor method, Ward's method, and the median method. The environmental effect and heritability of the analyzed variables had an influence on the pattern of hierarchical clustering populations according to the backcrossed generations. The nearest neighbor method was the most efficient in reconstructing the system of backcrossing, and it presented the highest cophenetic correlation. The efficiency of the nearest neighbor method was the highest when the analysis involved characteristics of high heritability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012560
title: Chemical composition of grains from glyphosate-resistant soybean and its conventional parent under different edaphoclimatic conditions in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Glyphosate-tolerant (Roundup Ready(r), RR) soybean is the most widely cultivated genetically modified crop in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in a long-term field experiment, the chemical composition of grains in a pair of cultivars composed of the conventional parent (BRS 133) and the nearly isogenic transgenic (BRS 245RR) soybean. Plants were cropped under two different edaphoclimatic conditions in Brazil. The experiments began during the 2003/2004 growing season; samples were collected during the 2011/2012 harvest. Were quantified the contents of isoflavones (high performance liquid chromatography), fatty acids (gas chromatography), lipid and proteins (near infrared spectroscopy in the NIR - Near Infrared Reflectance) and minerals (atomic absorption flame spectrophotometry). All samples were analyzed in three replications. Major differences were observed between the two cultivation locations. In Ponta Grossa, which has lower temperatures and higher rainfall during the grain filling period, the contents of lipids and isoflavones were higher. In Londrina, which hassoil with higher fertility, the contents of minerals, proteins and carbohydrates in soybean grains were higher. Significant differences were observed between the cultivars. The conventional parent had higher protein contents and lower lipid contents. The transgenic soybean line had higher isoflavone contents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012560.v1
title: Chemical composition of grains from glyphosate-resistant soybean and its conventional parent under different edaphoclimatic conditions in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Glyphosate-tolerant (Roundup Ready(r), RR) soybean is the most widely cultivated genetically modified crop in the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in a long-term field experiment, the chemical composition of grains in a pair of cultivars composed of the conventional parent (BRS 133) and the nearly isogenic transgenic (BRS 245RR) soybean. Plants were cropped under two different edaphoclimatic conditions in Brazil. The experiments began during the 2003/2004 growing season; samples were collected during the 2011/2012 harvest. Were quantified the contents of isoflavones (high performance liquid chromatography), fatty acids (gas chromatography), lipid and proteins (near infrared spectroscopy in the NIR - Near Infrared Reflectance) and minerals (atomic absorption flame spectrophotometry). All samples were analyzed in three replications. Major differences were observed between the two cultivation locations. In Ponta Grossa, which has lower temperatures and higher rainfall during the grain filling period, the contents of lipids and isoflavones were higher. In Londrina, which hassoil with higher fertility, the contents of minerals, proteins and carbohydrates in soybean grains were higher. Significant differences were observed between the cultivars. The conventional parent had higher protein contents and lower lipid contents. The transgenic soybean line had higher isoflavone contents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012562
title: Controlled release fertilizer and container volumes in the production of Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan seedlings

description: ABSTRACT Growing demand for native tree seedlings will require improvements in quality standards of production processes through the use of more efficient cultivation techniques. This study evaluated the effects of different doses of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) and different container volumes in the production of Parapiptadenia rigida seedlings. We examined the effects of five different concentrations (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 g L-1 substrate) of CRF (18-5-9 NPK) and three different container volumes (50, 110 and 180 cm3) on seedling height (H) and collar diameter (CD) measured monthly for seven months and then calculated H/CD ratios. After 210 days of growth, the dry masses of the aerial portions, root systems, and total masses were determined, as well as the concentrations of macro- and micronutrients in the aerial portions of the seedlings. In general, the dose 9 g L-1 substrate combined with the 180 cm3 cultivation tubes demonstrated the best results in terms of the morphological variables analyzed, resulting in consistent quality seedlings for field planting.