cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bv4tg
title: Data from: Quantitative genetic analyses of male color pattern and female mate choice in a pair of cichlid fishes of Lake Malawi, East Africa

description: The traits involved in sexual selection, such as male secondary sexual
 characteristics and female mate choice, often co-evolve which can promote
 population differentiation. However, the genetic architecture of these
 phenotypes can influence their evolvability and thereby affect the
 divergence of species. The extraordinary diversity of East African cichlid
 fishes is often attributed to strong sexual selection and thus this system
 provides an excellent model to test predictions regarding the genetic
 architecture of sexually selected traits that contribute to reproductive
 isolation. In particular, theory predicts that rapid speciation is
 facilitated when male sexual traits and female mating preferences are
 controlled by a limited number of linked genes. However, few studies have
 examined the genetic basis of male secondary sexual traits and female
 mating preferences in cichlids and none have investigated the genetic
 architecture of both jointly. In this study, we artificially hybridized a
 pair of behaviorally isolated cichlid fishes from Lake Malawi and
 quantified both melanistic color pattern and female mate choice. We
 investigated the genetic architecture of both phenotypes using
 quantitative genetic analyses. Our results suggest that 1) many
 non-additively acting genetic factors influence melanistic color patterns,
 2) female mate choice may be controlled by a minimum of 1–2 non-additive
 genetic factors, and 3) F2 female mate choice is not influenced by male
 courting effort. Furthermore, a joint analysis of color pattern and female
 mate choice indicates that the genes underlying these two traits are
 unlikely to be physically linked. These results suggest that reproductive
 isolation may evolve rapidly owing to the few genetic factors underlying
 female mate choice. Hence, female mate choice likely played an important
 role in the unparalleled speciation of East African cichlid fish.
description: Data for female mate
 choice factor analysisThis is the dataset to
 calculate number of genetic factors for female mate
 choiceData for color pattern
 factor analysisThis is the dataset to
 calculate number of genetic factors for male color
 patternF2 female behavior
 scoreThis is the dataset to
 evaluate time in association, male courting effort on female mate
 choice
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n7n64k9
title: Data from: Divergent melanism strategies in Andean butterfly communities structure diversity patterns and climate responses

description: Aim: Geographic distributions are driven by a combination of species
 sensitivity and exposure to climate. We quantified colour lightness, a
 trait that mediates the interaction between sensitivity and exposure, of
 diverse butterfly communities to test whether colour lightness is
 associated with community assembly across climate-elevation gradients.
 Location: Ecuadorian Andes Methods: We used a long-term dataset of museum
 specimens for two of the most speciose genera of Pieridae butterflies in
 Ecuador, Catasticta and Leptophobia. Within a phylogenetic framework we
 examined how communities assemble based on four traits across elevation:
 colour lightness, species-specific heating rate, maximum temperature
 (under experimental solar exposure), and elevation breadth. Results: We
 found that colour lightness in both genera was related to elevation, but
 the two genera exhibited opposite patterns; Catasticta are darker and
 Leptophobia are lighter with increasing elevation. The two genera have
 opposite configurations of body and body + wings colour lightness but
 achieve comparable thermoregulation, assessed via their rates of heating
 under experimental solar exposure. Additionally, we found that the
 phylogenetic signal for colour lightness was strong, and that patterns
 between traits and elevation held after correction for phylogeny in
 Catasticta but not in Leptophobia. Main conclusions: The two genera
 exhibit divergent relationships between elevational and colour lightness
 patterns, with evidence that these relationships evolved multiple times in
 Catasticta. Communities from these two genera have likely been shaped by
 selection on different traits, with Catasticta colour lightness more
 responsive to temperature than Leptophobia. The observed geographic
 patterns of colour lightness in both body + wings (Catasticta) and body
 (Leptophobia) correspond strikingly with the distribution of montane cloud
 forests. Habitat fragmentation and cloud lifting from climate change
 documented across the Andes may therefore significantly impact communities
 through increased exposure to solar radiation and highlights the
 complexity of conserving these diverse montane communities.
description: Morphological,
 thermoregulatory and elevation ranges' data associated with
 Catasticta and Leptophobia speciesButterflies of two
 genera (Catasticta and Leptophobia) collected from the field over 25 years
 in the Andes. Morphological (size and colour lightness) data collected
 from museum specimens and colour lightness extracted with Photoshop.
 Thermoregulatory data (heating rate, Tmax) obtained under experimental
 solar exposure.Dufour et al 2018_Divergent
 melanism strategies structure diversity
 patterns_dataset.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m8t91
title: Data from: Extended dispersal kernels in a changing world: insights from statistics of extremes

description: Dispersal ecology is a topical discipline that involves understanding and
 predicting plant community responses to multiple drivers of global change.
 Propagule movements that entail long-distance dispersal (LDD) events are
 crucial for plants to reach and colonize suitable sites across fragmented
 landscapes. Yet, LDD events are extremely rare, and thus, obtaining
 reliable estimates of the maximum distances that propagules move across
 and of their frequency has been a long-lasting challenge in plant ecology.
 Recent advances in dispersal ecology have provided reliable records of
 dispersal distances, but they remain confined to focal populations,
 limiting our ability to infer the frequency and actual extent of LDD
 events across landscapes. In this study, we view LDD events as extreme
 values of a dispersal function, and we apply statistics of extremes to
 derive the frequency and extent of LDD events of simulated and empirical
 data sets. We first briefly explain the rationale behind statistics of
 extremes, and we then illustrate how dispersal ecology can benefit
 conceptually and analytically from applying extreme value analyses. We
 apply the block maxima approach to simulated seed shadows, and we apply
 the peak over a threshold method to empirical data sets that contain
 pollen and seed dispersal distances recorded for a population of Prunus
 mahaleb, an insect-pollinated and vertebrate-dispersed tree species.
 Diagnostic plots reveal a distance threshold of υ = 80 m for pollen grains
 and of υ = 170 m for dispersed seeds. Values that exceed the threshold fit
 a light-tailed distribution function for pollen and fit a fat-tailed
 Pareto distribution for seed dispersal distances. Both distribution
 functions estimate a low (but nonzero) conditional probability of reaching
 distant locations, extending well beyond the borders of our focal
 population as follows: Pr (X ≥ 1 km) = 9 × 10−5 for pollen grains and Pr
 (X ≥ 10 km) = 7 × 10−5 for dispersed seeds. Synthesis. Dispersal
 ecologists can take the most of their dispersal distance records by
 applying statistics of extremes to infer the probability of occurrence of
 extremely rare, but crucial, long distance dispersal events that reach
 locations well beyond focal populations.
description: Garcia_LBA_JoE_Data_SetThis file contains 4 data sets used to apply extreme value functions to infer the probability and extent of very long dispersal distance events.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q9d78
title: Data from: Climate change, transgenic corn adoption and field-evolved resistance in corn earworm

description: Increased temperature anomaly during the twenty-first century coincides
 with the proliferation of transgenic crops containing the bacterium
 Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner) (Bt) to express insecticidal Cry
 proteins. Increasing temperatures profoundly affect insect life histories
 and agricultural pest management. However, the implications of climate
 change on Bt crop–pest interactions and insect resistance to Bt crops
 remains unexamined. We analysed the relationship of temperature anomaly
 and Bt adoption with field-evolved resistance to Cry1Ab Bt sweet corn in a
 major pest, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie). Increased Bt adoption during
 1996–2016 suppressed H. zea populations, but increased temperature anomaly
 buffers population reduction. Temperature anomaly and its interaction with
 elevated selection pressure from high Bt acreage probably accelerated the
 Bt-resistance development. Helicoverpa zea damage to corn ears, kernel
 area consumed, mean instars and proportion of late instars in Bt varieties
 increased with Bt adoption and temperature anomaly, through additive or
 interactive effects. Risk of Bt-resistant H. zea spreading is high given
 extensive Bt adoption, and the expected increase in overwintering and
 migration. Our study highlights the challenges posed by climate change for
 Bt biotechnology-based agricultural pest management, and the need to
 incorporate evolutionary processes affected by climate change into
 Bt-resistance management programmes.
description: Bt resistance in corn
 earworm, and temperature anomalyThis file contains raw
 data on indicators of Helicoverpa zea resistance to Cry1Ab expressing
 transgenic (Bt) corn during 1996-2016. Also included are the acreage of Bt
 corn in agricultural districts of Maryland, USA where the study area were
 located, along with temperature anomaly values.Btresistance_tempanomalyBtacreage_rawdata_consolidated.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c2pt0
title: Data from: Variant at serotonin transporter gene predicts increased imitation in toddlers: relevance to the human capacity for cumulative culture

description: Cumulative culture ostensibly arises from a set of sociocognitive
 processes which includes high-fidelity production imitation, prosociality
 and group identification. The latter processes are facilitated by
 unconscious imitation or social mimicry. The proximate mechanisms of
 individual variation in imitation may thus shed light on the evolutionary
 history of the human capacity for cumulative culture. In humans, a genetic
 component to variation in the propensity for imitation is likely. A
 functional length polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene, the
 short allele at 5HTTLPR, is associated with heightened responsiveness to
 the social environment as well as anatomical and activational differences
 in the brain's imitation circuity. Here, we evaluate whether this
 polymorphism contributes to variation in production imitation and social
 mimicry. Toddlers with the short allele at 5HTTLPR exhibit increased
 social mimicry and increased fidelity of demonstrated novel object
 manipulations. Thus, the short allele is associated with two forms of
 imitation that may underlie the human capacity for cumulative culture. The
 short allele spread relatively recently, possibly due to selection, and
 its frequency varies dramatically on a global scale. Diverse observations
 can be unified via conceptualization of 5HTTLPR as influencing the
 propensity to experience others' emotions, actions and sensations,
 potentially through the mirror mechanism.
description: Dataset analyzed for
 paper described aboveData for 577
 two-year-old humans who participated in the Boston University Twin
 Project. Twin pairs were assigned to cluster j, and individuals
 (monozygotic) or twin pairs (dizygotic) to cluster k. Collection of data
 for Mental Development Index (MDI) and Elicited Composite Score (EIS)
 described in doi:10.1007/s10519-007-9160-5; genotyping for 5HTTLPR
 described in doi:10.1186/1471-244X-10-102. Variable "male" is
 assigned value of 1 if male, 0 if female; variable
 "short_allele" is assigned value of 1 if individual has 1 or 2
 copies of short allele at 5HTTLPR.Data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sp5jd
title: Data from: The evolution of fecundity is associated with female body size but not female-biased sexual size dimorphism among frogs

description: Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is one of the most common ways in which males
 and females differ. Male-biased SSD (when males are larger) is often
 attributed to sexual selection favouring large males. When females are
 larger (female-biased SSD), it is often argued that natural selection
 favouring increased fecundity (i.e. larger clutches or eggs) has
 co-evolved with larger female body size. Using comparative phylogenetic
 and multi-species regression model selection approaches, we test the
 hypothesis that among-species variation in female fecundity is associated
 with the evolution of female-biased SSD. We also ask whether the
 hypothesized relationship between SSD and fecundity is relaxed upon the
 evolution of parental care. Our results suggest a strong relationship
 between the evolution of fecundity and body size, but we find no
 significant relationship between fecundity and SSD. Similarly, there does
 not appear to be a relationship between fecundity and the presence or
 absence of parental care among species. Thus, although female body size
 and fecundity coevolve, selection for increased fecundity as an
 explanation for female-biased SSD is inconsistent with our analyses. We
 caution that a relationship between female body size and fecundity is
 insufficient evidence for fecundity selection driving the evolution of
 female-biased SSD.
description: Frogs: clutch size, egg
 size and body size dataThis file contains mean
 body length data for both females and males of 70 frog species. Similarly,
 it contains mean clutch size data for approximately 66 frog species, mean
 egg size data for approximately 49 frog species and presence or absence of
 parental care data for approximately 62 species (references are given in
 the file).Data_Clutch_Egg.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6nq0d
title: Data from: Soil gross N ammonification and nitrification from tropical to temperate forests in eastern China

description: 1. Nitrogen (N) ammonification and nitrification are two primary microbial
 processes controlling the availability of soil ammonium (NH4+), a key
 nutrient for vegetative growth. The large-scale patterns of gross
 ammonification (GA) and gross nitrification (GN) rates represent soil
 microbial adaptations to different vegetative and environmental
 conditions. In this study, we investigated GA and GN rates in nine forest
 soils along a 3500-km north-south transect in eastern China (NSTEC). 2. We
 used 15N-labeling techniques, along with field experiments and laboratory
 incubations, to as-sess in situ and potential rates of the GA and GN. The
 mean in situ GA rate was 4.9 ± 0.5 mg N kg–1 day–1, whereas the mean
 potential rate of GA was 32.0 ± 8.6 mg N kg–1 day–1. The mean in situ GN
 rate was 1.7 ± 0.3 mg N kg–1 day–1 (potential GN rate: 3.2 ± 0.6 mg N kg–1
 day–1). GA was sig-nificantly higher than GN along the transect and there
 were high variations in GA and GN among different forests. Significant
 relationships were identified between meteorological factors (tempera-ture
 and precipitation) and the GA and GN rates during the sampling month
 (August 2013). How-ever, the mean GA rate in primary forest was
 significantly lower in the Huzhong (HZ), Dongling (DL), Taiyue (TY), and
 Dinghu (DH) sites compared with other sites, whereas with the exception of
 the Liangshui (LS) sampling site, the mean GN rate in primary and
 secondary forests showed the same trends. Significant differences in GA
 rates were found between primary and secondary forests at the LS and Chang
 Bai (CB) sites, and differences were detected in GN rate at the HZ, LS,
 and Jiulian (JL) sites. 3. Structural equation modeling analysis suggested
 that soil N contents, microbial biomass N pool sizes, and bacterial
 abundance are the primary determinants of the in situ rates of GA and GN.
 The strong control of edaphic factors on GA and GN indicates a need to
 improve soil N models with more explicit representation of edaphic factors
 and their control on soil N transformations.
description: Data for Gross
 ammonification and nitrification ratesData for "Soil
 gross N ammonification and nitrification from tropical to temperate
 forests in eastern China"Data of the paper from Soil
 gross N ammonification and nitrification from tropical to temperate
 forests in eastern China.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t474mn0
title: Data from: Salmonid species diversity predicts salmon consumption by terrestrial wildlife

description: 1. Resource waves - spatial variation in resource phenology that extends
 feeding opportunities for mobile consumers - can affect the behaviour and
 productivity of recipient populations. Interspecific diversity among
 Pacific salmon species (Oncorhynchus spp.) creates staggered spawning
 events across space and time, thereby prolonging availability to
 terrestrial wildlife. 2. We aim to understand how such variation might
 influence consumption by terrestrial predators compared with resource
 abundance and intra- and inter- specific competition. 3. Using stable
 isotope analysis, we investigated how the proportion of salmon in the
 annual diet of male black bears (Ursus americanus; n = 405) varies with
 species diversity and density of spawning salmon biomass, while also
 accounting for competition with conspecific black and grizzly bears (U.
 arctos horribilis), in coastal British Columbia, Canada. 4. We found that
 the proportion of salmon in the annual diet of black bears increased by
 ≈40% in the absence of grizzly bears, but detected little effect of
 relative black bear density and salmon biomass density. Rather, salmon
 diversity had the largest positive effect on consumption. On average,
 increasing diversity from one salmon species to ~four (with equal biomass
 contributions) approximately triples the proportion of salmon in diet. 5.
 Given the importance of salmon to bear reproduction, this work provides
 early empirical support for how resource waves may increase the
 productivity of consumers at population and landscape scales. Accordingly,
 terrestrial wildlife management might consider maintaining not only salmon
 abundance but also diversity.
description: Data from Service et al.
 JAEAll data to support the
 analysis of black bear salmon consumption ("prop.salmon") in
 relationship to salmon species diversity ("diversity"), salmon
 biomass ("biomass"), grizzly bear presence ("griz"),
 and black bear abundance ("blackbear"). All continuous data are
 presented raw (suffix ".raw") and in centered and standardized
 form (no suffix). Random effects of year ("year") and watershed
 ("wsdID") are included. All bear related data are from a
 multiyear field sampling effort. All salmon related data are derived from
 a publically available salmon enumeration database that is curated by the
 Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Canada).Service_et_al_2018_JAE_data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6nn23
title: Data from: Is embryonic hypothermia tolerance common in birds?

description: Avian incubation temperatures oscillate within narrow limits to ensure
 proper embryonic development. However, field observations and experimental
 studies have found that some species can tolerate very low incubation
 temperatures, either regularly or occasionally. We artificially incubated
 eggs from five domestic species, which represent a range of egg sizes, to
 examine whether a diversity of avian species could exhibit an unusual
 hypothermia tolerance, as observed in the field. We found that eggs of the
 chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), pigeon (Columba livia domestica),
 Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) and budgerigar (Melopsittacus
 undulatus) survived the incubation period and hatched after experiencing
 10°C hypothermia for 6 h each day. However, embryos of white-rumped munia
 (Lonchura striata) died after 10 days of hypothermia. Our results showed
 that unusual hypothermia tolerance occurs in several avian species. This
 phenomenon might have been selected through the evolutionary history of
 birds. Future research should identify the importance of phylogeny, egg
 size and embryonic stage in tolerance to hypothermia.
description: Data_bl_upload
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f74fs
title: Data from: River banks and channels as hotspots of soil pollution after large-scale remediation of a river basin

description: Riparian areas are highly dynamic systems where the control of soil
 pollution might be particularly challenging. Limited accessibility to
 river banks and bed sediments makes reclamation operations particularly
 difficult in these topographical positions, in comparison to floodplains.
 This usually leads to the large-scale spread of pollutants following
 pollution episodes in riparian areas. Here, we aimed to evaluate the
 persistence of trace-element pollution in the soils of Guadiamar River
 Valley (SW Spain), a large-scale remediation after a mine-spill. We
 monitored topsoil along the river basin, and in different topographical
 positions across the river section (river channel, river banks and
 floodplain), 16 years after a pollution episode and subsequent remediation
 program. River channels and banks were identified as hotspots of soil
 pollution, where soluble concentrations of As, Cd and Zn were
 significantly higher than in floodplains. Along the basin, soil pH and
 carbonate content was highly variable as a result of contrasted geological
 background, differential loads of sulfide deposition after the accident
 and irregular effectiveness of the applied amendments. Cadmium and Zn
 showed the highest levels of long-term re-distribution from the pollution
 source. The results suggests that the stabilization and remediation of
 soil pollution in river banks and channels, often overlooked when
 achieving remediation works, should be a priority for land managers.
description: Trace elements in soils
 from Guadiamar River Basin (SW Spain), year 2014This data set contains
 information on chemical properties of soils from the Guadiamar River
 Valley (SW Spain). This set corresponds to a series of environmental
 surveys conducted in the Guadiamar River Valley to monitor de fate of
 contaminating trace-elements in soils after a huge mine accident that
 released acid waters and trace-element contaminated sludge into the
 Guadiamar River basin. Data included in this package were gathered between
 February and March 2014, 16 years after the mining accident (occurred in
 April 1998) and subsequent remediation programme. It includes soil data
 (general properties and quasitotal and soluble trace element
 concentrations) from 20 sampling sites along the Guadiamar River basin,
 with three topographic locations along the river section sampled at each
 of the 20 sites.GUADIAMAR_TE2014.csv