DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3k2p7
title: Data from: Enhancing plant diversity in agricultural landscapes promotes both rare bees and dominant crop-pollinating bees through complementary increase in key floral resources

description: 1. Enhancing key floral resources is essential to effectively mitigate the
 loss of pollinator diversity and associated provisioning of pollination
 functions in agro-ecosystems. However, effective floral provisioning
 measures may diverge among different pollinator conservation targets, such
 as the conservation of rare species or the promotion of economically
 important crop pollinators. We examined to what extent such diverging
 conservation goals could be reconciled. 2. We analysed plant–bee
 visitation networks of 64 herbaceous semi-natural habitats representing a
 gradient of plant species richness to identify key resource plants of the
 three distinct conservation target groups rare bees (of conservation
 concern), dominant wild crop-pollinating bees, and managed
 crop-pollinating bees (i.e. honey bees). 3. Considering overall flower
 visitation, rare bees tended to visit nested subsets of plant species
 which were also visited by crop pollinators (46% and 77% nestedness in the
 dissimilarity between rare bees and wild crop pollinators or managed honey
 bees, respectively). However, the set of preferred plant species,
 henceforth ‘key plant species’ (i.e. those species disproportionately more
 visited than expected according to their floral abundance) was
 considerably more distinct and less nested among bee target groups. 4.
 Flower visits of all bee target groups increased with plant species
 richness at a similar rate. Importantly, our analyses revealed that an
 exponential increase in the flower abundance of the identified key plant
 species and complementarity in the bee visitation pattern across plant
 species ─ rather than total flower abundance ─ were the major drivers of
 these relationships. 5. Synthesis and applications. We conclude that the
 multiple goals of preserving high bee diversity, conserving rare species
 and sustaining crop pollinators can be reconciled if key plant species of
 different target groups are simultaneously available, which is facilitated
 by a high floral resource complementarity in the plant community. The list
 of identified key resource plant species we provide here can help
 practitioners such as land managers and conservationists to better design
 and evaluate pollinator conservation and restoration measures according to
 their goals. Our findings highlight the importance of identifying and
 promoting such plant species for pollinator conservation in agricultural
 landscapes.10-Mar-2017
description: model data and
 nestednessmod.dat.csv: all
 variables for all sites used for the models that were extracted from
 individual networks header of mod.dat.csv: region site functionalgroup
 target group of pollinators (icp, hb, rare) visitspertargetgroup number of
 visits functionalcomplementarity functional complementarity of plant
 community numberofkeyplantspresent key plant species richness
 flowerabundancekeyplants flower abundance of key plant species richness
 totalnumberofspecies total plant species richness totalflowerabundance
 total flower abundance prop.nestedness.csv. gives the proportional visits
 for each group to all visited plant species, data used to calculate
 dissimilarity and nestendess.20170313_Sutter_et_al._data.csv