DOI: 10.3886/icpsr39109
title: United States COVID-19 County Policy Database, 2020-2021
title: Archival Version

description: The objective of the U.S. COVID-19 County Policy (UCCP) Database was to systematically gather, characterize, and assess geographic and longitudinal variation in U.S. COVID-19-related policies at the county and state levels. The research team gathered policy data on a weekly basis for 309 counties in 50 states and Washington D.C. Although these counties were not nationally representative, they included over half of the U.S. population and were diverse with respect to geography, the race/ethnicity of residents, and political climate. Weekly data were collected between January 2020 and December 2021 on a wide range of COVID-19-related policies that were in effect, providing a longitudinal picture of county policies during that period.
description: The objective of the U.S. COVID-19 County Policy (UCCP) Database was to systematically gather, characterize, and assess geographic and longitudinal variation in U.S. COVID-19-related policies at the county and state levels.
description: Between January 2020 and December 2021, the research team gathered data each week on COVID-19 related policies. Primary data sources included social media (Facebook, X/Twitter) captures from public officials, local and county government offices, transportation authorities, and school districts; news articles; official public documents (e.g., executive orders, guidelines, press releases) through government websites; and other compiled COVID-19 policy databases. Modeling the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, data were collected on 26 policies within three overarching domains: 1) containment and closure, 2) economic support, and 3) public health. Policies not applicable to counties were excluded. Additional policies on social services that may impact health (e.g., housing and nutrition support) were included. For each policy, standardized scoring criteria were determined to assess the comprehensiveness of the policy.
description: For each of the 25 policy items, the dataset includes the original rating for a policy within a county, the original rating for the corresponding state, the imputed value if there was no information available to determine the policy in place, and an indicator reflecting the imputation status of county policies. Higher rating values equal greater levels of restrictions or comprehensiveness. Summary measures include counts of policies in place and a comprehensive score for each of the three policy domains. (Please refer to the study documentation for further details on ratings and interpretation.) When available, primary source URLs are included for each policy item for reference.
Additional variables include start and end date of the data collection week and geographic identifiers such as state, county, FIPS codes, largest city in the county, and largest school district in the county.
description: To achieve the goal of broad national coverage while ensuring that counties with high proportions of marginalized populations, the research team randomly sampled 269 counties from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. There was no intent to create a nationally representative sample with respect to any county characteristics.
First, the team stratified counties based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), oversampling counties with more vulnerable populations by including those above the median value of the SVI (0.5) at a rate of 2:1 relative to lower-SVI counties. From each stratum, probability-proportional to size (PPS) sampling was implemented so that more populous counties had a greater probability of inclusion. These two steps were repeated until a sample was achieved that included at least one county in each state and greater than or equal to 10 percent rural or non-metropolitan counties.
The collected sample of 269 counties was supplemented with a prior sample of 40 counties selected based on a sample of patients in the U.S. COVID Citizen Science Study (funded by the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, or PCORI). In total, 309 total counties were included in the final database.
description: Datasets: 
DS1: United States COVID-19 County Policy Database, 2020-2021
description: Policies and/or programs related to COVID-19 implemented in the United States during the study timeframe. Smallest Geographic Unit: County
description: web scrapingAn earlier version of this dataset is available through openICPSR.For more information on the U.S. COVID-19 County Policy (UCCP) Database, please visit the project webpage hosted by the Social Policies for Health Equity Research (SPHERE) Center.