DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5248s
title: Data from: Catechol 2,3-dioxygenase and other meta-cleavage catabolic pathway genes in the ‘anaerobic’ termite gut spirochete Treponema primitia

description: Microorganisms have evolved a spectacular diversity of metabolisms, some
 of which allow them to overcome environmental constraints, utilize
 abundant but inaccessible resources and drive nutrient cycling in various
 ecosystems. The termite hindgut microbial community is optimized to
 metabolize wood, and in recent years, the in situ physiological and
 ecological functions of community members have been researched.
 Spirochetes are abundant in the termite gut, and herein, putative aromatic
 meta-cleavage pathway genes typical of aerobic pseudomonads were located
 in genomes of homoacetogenic termite hindgut ‘anaerobes’, Treponema
 primitia str. ZAS-1 and ZAS-2. Phylogenetic analyses suggest the T.
 primitia catechol 2,3-dioxygenase and several other essential meta-pathway
 genes were acquired from an α-proteobacterium in the distant past to
 augment several genes T. primitia acquired from anaerobic firmicutes that
 do not directly catabolize aromatics but can contribute to the final
 pathway steps. Further, transcripts for each meta-pathway gene were
 expressed in strictly anaerobic cultures of T. primitia str. ZAS-2
 indicative of constitutive pathway expression. Also, the addition of
 catechol + O2 to T. primitia liquid cultures resulted in the transient
 accumulation of trace amounts of the yellow ring cleavage product,
 hydroxymuconic semialdehyde. This is the first evidence of aromatic ring
 cleavage in the phylum (division) Spirochetes. Results also support a
 possible role for T. primitia in termite hindgut O2/lignin aromatic
 monomer metabolism. Potential O2-dependent yet nonrespiratory microbial
 metabolisms have heretofore been overlooked and warrant further
 investigation. These metabolisms could describe the degradation of
 plant-derived and other aromatics in microoxic environments and contribute
 significantly to carbon turnover.
description: 2-hydroxymuconic
 semialdehyde hydrolase ARB output.nex2-oxopent-4-enoate
 hydratase ARB output.nex4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase ARB output.nex4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase DmpG-like domain ARB output.nex4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase HMGL-like domain ARB output.nexacetaldehyde dehydrogenase ARB output.nexacetaldehyde dehydrogenase dimerisation domain ARB output.nexacetaldehyde dehydrogenase NAD binding domain ARB output.nexcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase ARB output.nexcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain ARB output.nexcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain with extra-domain region ARB output.nexcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain with intra-domain region ARB output.nexcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain ARB output.nexcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain with extra-domain region ARB output.nexcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain with intra-domain region ARB output.nexferredoxin-like peptide ARB output.nexacetaldehyde dehydrogenase dimerisation domain Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain with extra-domain region Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain with intra-domain region Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain with intra-domain region.nex.con.treacetaldehyde dehydrogenase NAD binding domain Mr Bayes output.nex.con.tre4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase Mr Bayes output.nex.con.tre4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase HMGL-like domain Mr Bayes output.nex.con.tre4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase DmpG-like domain Mr Bayes output.nex.con.tre2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase Mr Bayes output.nex.con.tre2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain with extra-domain region Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain with intra-domain region Mr Bayes output.nex.con.treacetaldehyde dehydrogenase Mr Bayes output.nex.con.trecatechol 2,3-dioxygenase Mr Bayes output.nex.con.treferredoxin-like peptide Mr Bayes output.nex.con.treDepth of O2 penetration in Treponema primitia O2/aromatic gradient culturesDepth of O2 penetration in Treponema primitia O2:aromatic gradient cultures.xlsxRaw growth (OD) data.xlsx2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase original MUSCLE alignment.txt2-oxopent-4-enoate hydratase original MUSCLE alignment.txt4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase DmpG-like domain original MUSCLE alignment.txt4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase HMGL-like domain original MUSCLE alignment.txt4-hydroxy-2-oxopentanoate aldolase original MUSCLE alignment.txtacetaldehyde dehydrogenase dimerisation domain original MUSCLE alignment.txtacetaldehyde dehydrogenase NAD binding domain original MUSCLE alignment.txtacetaldehyde dehydrogenase original MUSCLE alignment.txtcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain original MUSCLE alignment.txtcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain with extra-domain region original MUSCLE alignment.txtcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase C-terminal domain with intra-domain region original MUSCLE alignment.txtcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain original MUSCLE alignment.txtcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain with extra-domain region original MUSCLE alignment.txtcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase N-terminal domain with intra-domain region original MUSCLE alignment.txtcatechol 2,3-dioxygenase original MUSCLE alignment.txtferredoxin-like peptide original MUSCLE alignment.txt