cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227172
title: Nutritional value changes in response to temperature, microalgae mono and mixed cultures

description: Abstract Aim The response of mixed cultures and monocultures of Pseudopediastrum boryanum (Turpin) E. Hegewald and Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing was assessed in the laboratory at three different temperatures: 20, 30 and 40 °C. The change in biomass and biochemical composition of these cultures was evaluated. Methods Microalgae were placed in a batch culture over 21-days in ASM1 medium. Cell density was directly counted every two days using a Fuchs-Rosenthal hemocytometer. Chlorophyll ‘a’ and total carotenoids were extracted twice. Protein, carbohydrate, total lipid and fatty acid contents were determined at the end of the experiment. Results Cultures grown in 40 °C exhibited no growth. However, there was increased cell density (13.6 x 106 cell.mL-1) and biomass (55 g.L-1) in the S. obliquus monoculture at 30 °C. High protein concentrations (672.6 mg.g-1) were observed in monocultures P. boryanum and S. obliquus at 20 °C treatments. There were high carbohydrate concentrations (6.17 mg.g-1) in P. boryanum unialgal at 30 °C. There was no significant difference in total lipid content between S. obliquus (95.5 mg.g-1), P. boryanum (96.3 mg.g-1) and the mixed culture at 20 °C (105.3 mg.g-1). FAMEs varied significantly regarding the number of unsaturated components, which predominantly consisted of fatty acids with two or more unsaturated bonds. Conclusions The biomass of the treatments analyzed was rich in proteins and essential fatty acids (such as linolenic acid), yet low in carbohydrate content, suggesting its potential use as a food supplement. Our results indicate that mixed culture of P. boryanum and S. obliquus was inefficient in cultivating biomass or biochemical compounds as compared to the unialgal cultivations. However, algae grown together showed better stability in their biochemical composition in response to changes in temperature, an important factor for microalgae production in open ponds and in food safety measures. These results suggest the consortia among different species of microalgae should be tested to determine better methodologies for the production of biomass and metabolites with greater stability towards environmental factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227175.v1
title: Monitoring simplification in plankton communities using different ecological approaches

description: Abstract Aim This study aimed to answer: (i) can phytoplankton communities be used as surrogate of zooplankton communities?; (ii) can we use ecological approaches like functional groups (FG) or morphofunctional classification (MBFG) as surrogate for phytoplankton species?; (iii) can we use substitute groups (cladocera, copepod, rotifer or testate amoebae) as surrogate for zooplankton species?; (iv) are the environmental variables’ ordination standards concordant with the ordering patterns of phytoplankton and zooplankton species?; and (v) for both communities, is the spatial pattern of ordination maintained using density data or presence/absence of individuals or lower taxonomic resolutions? Methods The study was conducted in 25 water bodies that supply central-pivot irrigation in the Federal District - Brazil (Rio Preto Basin), in October 2012. We evaluated some physical and chemical variables as well as phytoplankton and zooplankton samples. To evaluate correlation among biological groups, numerical and higher taxonomic resolutions, we performed some Mantel and Procrustes analyses. Results Evaluating the use of substitute groups, comparisons between phytoplankton and zooplankton, FG and MBFG classifications and almost all the comparisons between zooplankton groups suggested concordant patterns. However, the values of r were low, all below 0.70. Biological analyses with phytoplankton and zooplankton can be performed using presence/absence of individuals without significant loss of information, except for MBFG classification and copepods. Data may also be used at genus or family level for copepods and testate amoebae and only data at genus level for cladocerans and rotifers. Different results were found concerning taxonomic resolution for phytoplankton considering that, while being significant, the r value was less than 0.70. Conclusions For environmental monitoring purposes, it is important to sample both phytoplankton and zooplankton communities because one is not surrogate of the other one, in the same way as phytoplankton density and their functional and morphofunctional approaches. On the other hand, to simplify the environmental monitoring, it is possible to adopt presence/absence species data instead of abundance data for both zooplankton and phytoplankton communities, except for copepods and morphofunctional approach. It is also possible to adopt genera level for zooplankton community and family level for copepods and testate amoebae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227163
title: Anomalous values and missing data in clinical and experimental studies

description: Abstract During analysis of scientific research data, it is customary to encounter anomalous values or missing data. Anomalous values can be the result of errors of recording, typing, measurement by instruments, or may be true outliers. This review discusses concepts, examples and methods for identifying and dealing with such contingencies. In the case of missing data, techniques for imputation of the values are discussed in, order to avoid exclusion of the research subject, if it is not possible to retrieve information from registration forms or to re-address the participant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227166
title: Beyond paradigms in Organization Studies: the Circle of Epistemic Matrices

description: Abstract In this article, I present a sketch of a new proposition to guide organizational studies: the Cicle of Epistemic Matrices. Inspired by Thomas Kuhn and based on the thesis of paradigms' incommensurability, Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan drew the diagram of sociological paradigms, but its inclusion in the academy has encouraged a paradigms war. The Circle of Epistemic Matrices also provides an outline for the guidance of organizational studies, but it is based on Habermas and defends the thesis of cognitive incompleteness, suggesting that the sociological and organizational knowledge grows according to the thesis of epistemic reconstructions. To accomplish these propositions and elaborations, I present the debate about the paradigms' war in literature and I question the adequacy of sociological paradigms of Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan to organizational studies, with the issue of the influence that it suffered from Kuhnian paradigms and logic. In the following sections, there is an exhibition of alternative proposition - the of Circle of Epistemic Matrices - and, also, I support the thesis of cognitive incompleteness and the thesis of epistemic reconstructions in order to bring a new theory of knowledge development to the area. Finally, I present the findings and thoughts for future research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227172.v1
title: Nutritional value changes in response to temperature, microalgae mono and mixed cultures

description: Abstract Aim The response of mixed cultures and monocultures of Pseudopediastrum boryanum (Turpin) E. Hegewald and Scenedesmus obliquus (Turpin) Kützing was assessed in the laboratory at three different temperatures: 20, 30 and 40 °C. The change in biomass and biochemical composition of these cultures was evaluated. Methods Microalgae were placed in a batch culture over 21-days in ASM1 medium. Cell density was directly counted every two days using a Fuchs-Rosenthal hemocytometer. Chlorophyll ‘a’ and total carotenoids were extracted twice. Protein, carbohydrate, total lipid and fatty acid contents were determined at the end of the experiment. Results Cultures grown in 40 °C exhibited no growth. However, there was increased cell density (13.6 x 106 cell.mL-1) and biomass (55 g.L-1) in the S. obliquus monoculture at 30 °C. High protein concentrations (672.6 mg.g-1) were observed in monocultures P. boryanum and S. obliquus at 20 °C treatments. There were high carbohydrate concentrations (6.17 mg.g-1) in P. boryanum unialgal at 30 °C. There was no significant difference in total lipid content between S. obliquus (95.5 mg.g-1), P. boryanum (96.3 mg.g-1) and the mixed culture at 20 °C (105.3 mg.g-1). FAMEs varied significantly regarding the number of unsaturated components, which predominantly consisted of fatty acids with two or more unsaturated bonds. Conclusions The biomass of the treatments analyzed was rich in proteins and essential fatty acids (such as linolenic acid), yet low in carbohydrate content, suggesting its potential use as a food supplement. Our results indicate that mixed culture of P. boryanum and S. obliquus was inefficient in cultivating biomass or biochemical compounds as compared to the unialgal cultivations. However, algae grown together showed better stability in their biochemical composition in response to changes in temperature, an important factor for microalgae production in open ponds and in food safety measures. These results suggest the consortia among different species of microalgae should be tested to determine better methodologies for the production of biomass and metabolites with greater stability towards environmental factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227160
title: Precipitation Recycling and Deforestation in the Amazon: A Numerical Modeling Study

description: Abstract The regional model ETA of National Institute for Space Research (INPE) was used to assess the role of changes in the use and land cover in the recycling of rainfall in the Amazon basin through deforestation scenarios for the current state and future projections. Precipitation recycling southeast of increased north-northwest of the basin, with values ranging from 20% to 40%, is directly related to the intensification of the moisture transport in the east-west direction. Significant changes in recycling occurred in the scenarios 2050 and 2100, while for the current situation, the changes were not intense enough to affect the rainfall regime in the basin. Reductions in recycling precipitation (9% and 30% for the scenarios 2050 and 2100, respectively) were explained by reduction in the evapotranspiration and increased moisture transport; however, the reduction in evapotranspiration had a preponderant role. The reduction in the total precipitation was determined by reduction of advected precipitation (68%) and local (32%). If anthropogenic activities do not allow there environmental regeneration, climate-vegetation balance will be affected, leading to a warmer and dry condition, which in turn, will result in serious consequences for the Amazon ecosystems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227163.v1
title: Anomalous values and missing data in clinical and experimental studies

description: Abstract During analysis of scientific research data, it is customary to encounter anomalous values or missing data. Anomalous values can be the result of errors of recording, typing, measurement by instruments, or may be true outliers. This review discusses concepts, examples and methods for identifying and dealing with such contingencies. In the case of missing data, techniques for imputation of the values are discussed in, order to avoid exclusion of the research subject, if it is not possible to retrieve information from registration forms or to re-address the participant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227154
title: Seasonal Forecast of Accumulated Rainfall in Southern Uruguay During Spring and Summer

description: Abstract We develop dynamical-statistical forecast models in order to predict seasonal rainfall in southern Uruguay during summer and spring. The statistical technique consists of linear regressions between dynamic variables and rainfall observations. The forecasts for September-October-November are initialized in August and the ones for December-January-February in November. The dynamic variables are ICTP-MGCAs outputs, forced with sea surface temperature, predicted by NCEP-CFSv2, as boundary conditions. The observational data is accumulated monthly, values are measured in 10 meteorological stations that are cross-correlated, using one year windows, with the dynamic variables in order to find the best predictor indexes. We conclude that the best predictor index is the meridional wind in the 200 hPa level averaged in an area that includes the Southeast of South America. Northern wind anomalies in this area are associated with positive rainfall anomalies in Southern Uruguay. We found that while forecasts for the south of the country are skillful only in spring, forecasts for the metropolitan area of Montevideo are skilfull in both seasons showing their best performance in summer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227157
title: Plumes in uniform flow with two-layer stratification

description: ABSTRACT Plumes occur when a fluid is discharged into another fluid with different density, such as pollutants in the atmosphere. In this work, an experimental study was carried out in a water tank and a mathematical modelling using the integral approach was performed to investigate the flow generated by saline plumes in uniform flow with two-layer stratification. The results indicated that the upper layer’s height (less dense) increased with the outflow from the lower layer, and decreased with the buoyancy flux of the plume, confirming the results available in the literature for systems supplied by point sources (non-uniform sources). After fitting the parameters of the classical theory for turbulent plumes, it was possible to predict the interface’s height with a maximum deviation of ±8%, and a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.98. This indicates that the uniform flow did not affect significantly the plumes’ hydrodynamics compared to previous studies. On the other hand, unlike the systems supplied by point sources, the streamlines obtained through the injection of dye into the uniform flow followed a potential flow pattern, with all the flow being directed to the plume, therefore not mixing at the interface between the two layers. Thus, based on the principle of mass conservation, equations were proposed to generate the streamlines around the plumes, which were validated with the experimental data. Finally, practical applications of the proposed model in natural ventilation in buildings and pollutant discharges in the atmosphere were presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227160.v1
title: Precipitation Recycling and Deforestation in the Amazon: A Numerical Modeling Study

description: Abstract The regional model ETA of National Institute for Space Research (INPE) was used to assess the role of changes in the use and land cover in the recycling of rainfall in the Amazon basin through deforestation scenarios for the current state and future projections. Precipitation recycling southeast of increased north-northwest of the basin, with values ranging from 20% to 40%, is directly related to the intensification of the moisture transport in the east-west direction. Significant changes in recycling occurred in the scenarios 2050 and 2100, while for the current situation, the changes were not intense enough to affect the rainfall regime in the basin. Reductions in recycling precipitation (9% and 30% for the scenarios 2050 and 2100, respectively) were explained by reduction in the evapotranspiration and increased moisture transport; however, the reduction in evapotranspiration had a preponderant role. The reduction in the total precipitation was determined by reduction of advected precipitation (68%) and local (32%). If anthropogenic activities do not allow there environmental regeneration, climate-vegetation balance will be affected, leading to a warmer and dry condition, which in turn, will result in serious consequences for the Amazon ecosystems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227166.v1
title: Beyond paradigms in Organization Studies: the Circle of Epistemic Matrices

description: Abstract In this article, I present a sketch of a new proposition to guide organizational studies: the Cicle of Epistemic Matrices. Inspired by Thomas Kuhn and based on the thesis of paradigms' incommensurability, Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan drew the diagram of sociological paradigms, but its inclusion in the academy has encouraged a paradigms war. The Circle of Epistemic Matrices also provides an outline for the guidance of organizational studies, but it is based on Habermas and defends the thesis of cognitive incompleteness, suggesting that the sociological and organizational knowledge grows according to the thesis of epistemic reconstructions. To accomplish these propositions and elaborations, I present the debate about the paradigms' war in literature and I question the adequacy of sociological paradigms of Gibson Burrell and Gareth Morgan to organizational studies, with the issue of the influence that it suffered from Kuhnian paradigms and logic. In the following sections, there is an exhibition of alternative proposition - the of Circle of Epistemic Matrices - and, also, I support the thesis of cognitive incompleteness and the thesis of epistemic reconstructions in order to bring a new theory of knowledge development to the area. Finally, I present the findings and thoughts for future research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227151
title: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Motor Behavior Checklist (MBC) into Brazilian Portuguese

description: Abstract Introduction There are only a few instruments available to assess behavioral problems in school-age children based on reports of physical education teachers. The Motor Behavior Checklist (MBC) was designed to be completed by this professional in free play-situations or during physical education classes to rate students’ motor-related behavior using 5-point Likert scales. The MBC comprises 59 items distributed into two broadband factors (externalizing and internalizing) and seven behavior problem scales: rule breaking, hyperactivity/impulsivity, lack of attention, low energy, stereotyped behaviors, lack of social interaction, and lack of self-regulation. The objective of this study was to describe the translation and cross-cultural adaptation processes of the MBC into Brazilian Portuguese. Method The following procedures were conducted: forward translation of the original instrument, production of a synthesized version, back-translation, literal and semantic comparison, back-translator’s evaluation of divergent items, synthesized version with back-translator’s suggestions, clarity assessment of the synthesized version by professionals (physical education teachers), focus group to assess clarity indicators of the instrument, evaluation of adjustments by the author of the instrument, and production of the final version. Results The results indicated a satisfactory level of agreement between the original and the back-translated versions, with 68% of exact equivalence between the translated items and 16% of terms requiring minor adjustments. In the draft version, 84% of the items were evaluated as clear by physical education teachers. Conclusion The translated version has compatible content with the original version. Future studies should be conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the MBC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227154.v1
title: Seasonal Forecast of Accumulated Rainfall in Southern Uruguay During Spring and Summer

description: Abstract We develop dynamical-statistical forecast models in order to predict seasonal rainfall in southern Uruguay during summer and spring. The statistical technique consists of linear regressions between dynamic variables and rainfall observations. The forecasts for September-October-November are initialized in August and the ones for December-January-February in November. The dynamic variables are ICTP-MGCAs outputs, forced with sea surface temperature, predicted by NCEP-CFSv2, as boundary conditions. The observational data is accumulated monthly, values are measured in 10 meteorological stations that are cross-correlated, using one year windows, with the dynamic variables in order to find the best predictor indexes. We conclude that the best predictor index is the meridional wind in the 200 hPa level averaged in an area that includes the Southeast of South America. Northern wind anomalies in this area are associated with positive rainfall anomalies in Southern Uruguay. We found that while forecasts for the south of the country are skillful only in spring, forecasts for the metropolitan area of Montevideo are skilfull in both seasons showing their best performance in summer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8227157.v1
title: Plumes in uniform flow with two-layer stratification

description: ABSTRACT Plumes occur when a fluid is discharged into another fluid with different density, such as pollutants in the atmosphere. In this work, an experimental study was carried out in a water tank and a mathematical modelling using the integral approach was performed to investigate the flow generated by saline plumes in uniform flow with two-layer stratification. The results indicated that the upper layer’s height (less dense) increased with the outflow from the lower layer, and decreased with the buoyancy flux of the plume, confirming the results available in the literature for systems supplied by point sources (non-uniform sources). After fitting the parameters of the classical theory for turbulent plumes, it was possible to predict the interface’s height with a maximum deviation of ±8%, and a Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of 0.98. This indicates that the uniform flow did not affect significantly the plumes’ hydrodynamics compared to previous studies. On the other hand, unlike the systems supplied by point sources, the streamlines obtained through the injection of dye into the uniform flow followed a potential flow pattern, with all the flow being directed to the plume, therefore not mixing at the interface between the two layers. Thus, based on the principle of mass conservation, equations were proposed to generate the streamlines around the plumes, which were validated with the experimental data. Finally, practical applications of the proposed model in natural ventilation in buildings and pollutant discharges in the atmosphere were presented.