cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nk98sf7w6
title: Bird migration in space and time: chain migration by Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata arquata) along the East Atlantic Flyway

description: Migration patterns in birds vary in space and time. Spatial patterns
 include chain, leap frog, and telescopic migration. Temporal patterns such
 as migration duration, number and duration of stopovers may vary according
 to breeding latitude, sex and season. This study aimed to verify these
 patterns in a long-distance migrant, the Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata
 arquata), and to provide a synopsis of spatio-temporal migration patterns
 in this species of concern throughout the East Atlantic Flyway. We tagged
 85 adults with GPS-data loggers in Germany, Poland, France, and Estonia
 between 2013 and 2019. We computed the distance flown, linear loxodromic
 distance, duration, stopover number, total stopover duration, mean
 stopover duration, departure time, and arrival time for 177 out of 187
 tracks. On average (± standard deviation), spring migration occurred from
 April 4–14 (10.2 ± 8.4 days), curlews flew 3,623 ± 1,366 km, and had 5.8 ±
 3.6 stopovers, with a duration of 29.4 ± 38.2 h per stopover, while autumn
 migration occurred from June 18–29 (10.9 ± 9.9 days), curlews flew 3,362 ±
 1,351 km, and had 5.4 ± 4.0 stopovers, with 31.8 ± 32.3 h per stopover.
 Curlews displayed chain migration, because wintering curlews maintained
 the latitudinal sequence to their breeding sites. Southern curlews had a
 longer nesting period due to their earlier arrivals. While spring arrival
 at breeding sites did not differ between the sexes, in autumn females
 departed earlier than males. Migration duration and distance, as well as
 stopover number and duration showed a significant increase with breeding
 site latitude but did not differ between the sexes or between spring and
 autumn migrations, suggesting that curlews took a comparable amount of
 time migrating during both seasons. The high site faithfulness in curlews
 suggests that rapid autumn migration allows them to return to defend their
 winter foraging areas.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.76hdr7t02
title: Stochastic dispersal shapes the spatial pattern of species richness in mountain landscapes

description: Aim: Biogeographers have begun to address the problem of species
 distribution patterns in three-dimensional space. A key question is: What
 patterns of species richness would arise on the three-dimensional surface
 of a landscape under minimal biological assumptions? Recently, a theory
 called “Landscape Elevational Connectivity” (LEC) has been developed,
 which measures how topography and geomorphology drive biodiversity
 patterns. Here, we tested the predictive ability of LEC for spatial
 patterns of species richness for the first time. Location: The
 Tibetan Plateau. Methods: We used the “stacked species
 distribution models” (S-SDMs) approach to estimate the empirical
 spatial distribution pattern of bird species richness on the Tibetan
 Plateau based on online species occurrence data and expert maps, and we
 compared this estimated distribution with the predictions of LEC.
 Results: We found a high correlation between the LEC null model
 and observed bird species richness in the biodiversity hotspot on the
 southeast edge of the Tibetan Plateau (Spearman’s
 correlation, rs = 0.746, 95% CI: 0.744-0.748). On a
 wider scale, LEC was better correlated with species richness in regions
 higher net primary productivity than in regions with lower net primary
 productivity. Main conclusions: Our results suggest that the
 impact of stochastic processes on the spatial distribution pattern of
 species richness may have been routinely underestimated, especially in
 regions with rich resources and high species richness. We conclude that it
 would be fruitful to reconsider the contribution of deterministic factors
 to the distribution pattern of species richness, especially in mountain
 landscapes, by applying LEC as a null model.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7h44j0zws
title: Patch quality and genotype-by-environment interactions shape dispersal and post-settlement survival in a butterfly metapopulation

description: Active dispersal is driven by extrinsic and intrinsic factors at the three
 stages of departure, transfer, and settlement. Most empirical studies
 capture only one stage of this complex process, and knowledge of how much
 can be generalized from one stage to another remains unknown. Here we use
 genetic assignment tests to reconstruct dispersal across five years and
 232 patches of a butterfly metapopulation. We link individual dispersal
 events to weather, landscape structure, size and quality of patches, and
 individual genotype to identify the factors that influence the three
 stages of dispersal and post-settlement survival. We found that nearly all
 tested factors strongly affected departure probabilities, but that the
 same factors explained very little variation in realized dispersal
 distances. Surprisingly, we found no effect of dispersal distance on
 post-settlement survival. Rather, survival was influenced by weather
 conditions, carry-over effects of natal patch quality, and a strong
 interaction between genotype and occupancy status of the settled patch,
 with more mobile genotypes having higher survival as colonists rather than
 as immigrants. Our work highlights the multicausality of dispersal and
 that some dispersal costs can only be understood by considering extrinsic
 and intrinsic factors and their interaction across the entire dispersal
 process.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4tmpg4fcp
title: Mating and fitness consequences of variation in male allocation in a wind pollinated plant

description: In hermaphrodites, the allocation of resources to each sex function can
 influence fitness through mating success. A prediction that arises from
 sex allocation theory is that in wind-pollinated plants, male fitness
 should increase linearly with investment of resources into male function
 but there have been few empirical tests of this prediction. In a field
 experiment we experimentally manipulated allocation to male function in
 Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) and measured mating success in
 contrasting phenotypes using genetic markers. We investigated the effects
 of morphological traits and flowering phenology on male siring success,
 and on the diversity of mates. Our results provide evidence for a linear
 relation between allocation to male function, mating and fitness. We find
 earlier onset of male flowering time increases reproductive success,
 whereas later flowering increases the probability of mating with diverse
 individuals. Our study is among the first empirical studies testing the
 prediction of linear male fitness returns in wind pollinated plants and
 emphasize the importance of a large investment into male function by wind
 pollinated plants and mating consequences of temporal variation in sex
 allocation. 
description: The dataset contains phenoytpic data for <em>Ambrosia
 artemisiifolia</em> (ragweed) plants grown in a common garden field
 array. For a subset of 60 plants, twenty seeds were genotyped with
 microsatellite markers. The paternity of seeds was assessed, so that for
 each plant in the field there is data on the number of seeds it sired, the
 number of different mates on which it sired seeds. For the focal females,
 there is data on the number of different males that sired the
 seeds.
DOI: 10.7280/d1jx1z
title: Data set for: Experimentally reduced feather microbial loads improve reproductive performance in captive Zebra Finches

description: We performed a laboratory experiment on caged, domesticated zebra finches
 to assess the effects of antimicrobial treatment applied to birds'
 plumage on the feather microbial loads of breeding pairs and their
 associated reproductive performance. Treatments included an experimental
 group that experienced frequent misting with a broad-spectrum
 antimicrobial, as well as two control groups. Microbial loads sampled from
 the belly feathers of breeders were higher post-hatching than
 pre-hatching, and experimental pairs had lower loads than controls at all
 sampled breeding stages.  Clutch size and hatching success did
 not differ among treatments, but experimental pairs fledged nearly 50%
 more offspring than controls due to experiencing much lower nestling
 mortality.  Offspring development rate varied among treatments:
 beak color scores sampled midway in the development of adult phenotype
 revealed that offspring of experimental pairs had more rapid
 development.  Findings imply that experimentally reduced density
 of feather microbial loads on breeders decreased reproductive costs in the
 post-hatch phase, resulting in increased offspring survival and
 condition.  At the time offspring fledged, uropygial gland volume
 tended to be greater among breeders that had experienced antimicrobial
 application throughout the breeding cycle.  These results are
 consistent with a growing literature showing that the feather microbiome
 contributes significantly to the evolution of avian life histories and
 behavior and indicate that zebra finches are a useful laboratory model for
 investigating in vivo effects of the feather microbiome on avian hosts.
description: The data were collected in an experiment on captive breeding
 zebra finches that were allowed to produce one clutch.  Belly feathers of
 breeding birds were swabbed at several reproductive stages for microbes,
 and samples were cultured on TSA plates. Microbial loads were measured as
 colony-forming units (CFUs).  Several measures of phenotype were taken on
 breeders and their offspring. Results were analyzed in STATA 15.
description: There are some missing values for uropygial gland size and CFU
 counts.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhg4
title: Wildfire extends the shelf-life of elk nutritional resources regardless of fire severity

description: Large-scale, high severity wildfires are increasingly frequent across the
 western United States. Fire severity affects the amount of vegetation
 removed and helps dictate what, where, and how many plants regenerate
 postfire, potentially altering the available habitat and nutritional
 landscape for wildlife. To evaluate the effects of fire severity on summer
 nutritional resources for elk (Cervus canadensis), we collected field data
 and remotely sensed information in years two and three after a large-scale
 wildfire to compare forage quality and quantity across forest types and
 fire severities within the summer range of one elk population in
 west-central Montana. To understand the landscape level effects of fire
 severity on nutritional resources, we developed predictive forage quality
 and quantity models. We used these models to predict nutritional resources
 across the landscape for four scenarios representing different fire
 severity patterns (i.e., an unburned landscape, a landscape burned only at
 low severity, a landscape burned only at high severity, and the observed
 landscape burned at a mixed severity). Shortly after the wildfire, summer
 forage quality and herbaceous forage quantity increased in both mesic and
 dry mixed conifer forests regardless of fire severity. Summer shrub forage
 quantity was greater in unburned mesic and dry forests, and there was no
 difference between fire severities in dry forests. Low severity burned
 mesic forests had significantly greater shrub forage quantity compared to
 high severity burned mesic forests. The three predicted fire scenarios had
 the highest percentage of the summer range with adequate forage quality
 which increased throughout the summer. In contrast, the predicted unburned
 landscape had the lowest percentage of adequate forage quality which
 decreased throughout the summer. Wildfire extended the duration in which
 elk can access high quality forage in the summer in years two and three
 postfire. Therefore, shortly after a large-scale wildfire, elk may be
 better able to meet their nutritional requirements which may positively
 impact elk body condition, reproductive performance, and survival.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2rbnzs7qq
title: Data from: Evolution of plumage patterns in pattern morphospace: A phylogenetic analysis of melanerpine woodpeckers

description: Plumage patterns of melanerpine (Melanerpes-Sphyrapicus) woodpeckers are
 strikingly diverse. Understanding the evolution and function of this
 diversity is challenging due to the difficulty of quantifying plumage
 patterns. We use a 3-dimensional space to characterize the evolution of
 melanerpine achromatic plumage patterns. The axes of the space are three
 pattern features (spatial frequency, orientation, and contrast) quantified
 using 2-dimensional fast Fourier transformation of museum specimen images.
 Mapping plumage in pattern space reveals differences in how species and
 subclades occupy the space. To quantify these differences, we derive two
 new measures of pattern: “pattern diversity” (diversity across plumage
 patches within a species) and “pattern uniqueness” (divergence of patterns
 from those of other species). We estimate that the melanerpine ancestor
 had mottled plumage and find that pattern traits across patches and
 subclades evolve at different rates. We also find that smaller species are
 more likely to display horizontal face patterning. We promote pattern
 spaces as powerful tools for investigating animal pattern evolution.
description: The photographs were collected with a Nikon D7000 camera and have
 been converted from .nef file format to .ppm format for use in
 MATLAB.
description: MATLAB R
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zkh1893cg
title: Floral traits mediate pollinator disease transmission

description: Plants modulate multitrophic ecological interactions, and variation in
 plant traits can affect these interactions. Pollinators are exposed to
 pathogens at flowers and acquire or transmit pathogens at different rates
 on different plant species, but the traits mediating those interactions
 are almost entirely unknown. We experimentally manipulated five plant
 traits that span scales including flower, inflorescence, and plant, to
 determine their effects on pathogen transmission between foraging bees.
 Specifically, we manipulated two morphological traits (corolla lip length
 and flower orientation within an inflorescence) and three resource
 distribution traits (inflorescence nectar, plant patch nectar and plant
 aggregation) in tents to test how plant traits affect bee pathogen
 transmission. We also quantified foraging behavior and fecal deposition
 patterns as potential mechanisms driving differences in transmission, and
 assessed trait manipulation consequences for bee reproduction. We found
 that pathogen transmission was reduced when we trimmed the corolla lip,
 evenly dispersed nectar distribution within an inflorescence, or
 aggregated plants in space. Some traits also affected bee reproduction;
 tents with trimmed corollas had more larval production than control tents,
 and tents with evenly distributed nectar across plant patches had more
 larval production than tents with clumped resources. Thus, some trait
 manipulations both reduced transmission and increased bee microcolony
 reproduction, although our design does not allow us to discern whether
 these are related or separate effects. Taken together, our results
 demonstrate causal effects of several floral traits on pathogen
 transmission and pollinator reproduction, indicating the importance of
 intraspecific plant trait variation for pollinator health and population
 dynamics.
description: This data was collected in experimental foraging arenas in
 Massachusetts. Commercially sourced bumble bees were experimentally
 inoculated with Crithidia bombi, and allowed to coforage with uninfected
 bees in tents for 10-14 days, at which point bees were assessed for
 pathogen infection. Data collected were associated wtih this experiment,
 looking at fogaring behavioral changes, fecal deposition, reproduction,
 and pathogen transmission. Inside the tents floral traits were
 experimentally manipulated to ak the question - how do floral traits
 mediate pathogen transmission in bees, and what are the
 mechanisms.
description: Readme files are associated to explain the variables in all data
 sets. In additon, it is important to note that each set of experiments,
 for each flower, should be analyzed separately.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7wm37pvwk
title: A stream-to-sea experiment reveals inhibitory effects of freshwater residency on organic-matter decomposition in the sea

description: One billion tons of carbon are annually transported to the global ocean,
 and the fate of this carbon hinges not only on marine processing rates,
 but also on freshwater processing during downstream transport. Using a
 cotton-strip assay we assessed the decomposition of organic matter in
 marine and freshwater sites and simulated its downstream transport from
 freshwater to the sea by translocating cotton strips approximately
 half-way through the freshwater incubation period. We observed faster
 decomposition in the sea relative to the stream and interestingly, an
 inhibitory effect of stream incubation on subsequent decomposition in the
 sea. Total nitrogen content and ∂15N in the cotton strips were both
 greater in the strips incubated entirely in the sea, suggesting greater
 microbial activity in the marine habitat. Our results lend needed insights
 into global carbon cycling, the factors that govern organic-carbon
 processing, and highlight the importance of connections that exist among
 some of Earth’s major ecosystems.
description: The data is orginal and collected during autumn 2016 in Kaldfjord, a fjord near
 Tromsø, Northern Norway (69°44′N 18°37′E) at the mouth of the mountain
 stream Urdaelv. <br>
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fbg79cnx9
title: Dataset and software to analyze and simulate neuronal morphogenesis in Drosophila class IV da neurons

description: The highly ramified arbors of neuronal dendrites provide the substrate for
 the high connectivity and computational power of the brain. Altered
 dendritic morphology is associated with neuronal diseases. Many molecules
 have been shown to play crucial roles in shaping and maintaining dendrite
 morphology. Yet, the underlying principles by which molecular interactions
 generate branched morphologies are not understood. To elucidate these
 principles, we visualized the growth of dendrites throughout larval
 development of Drosophila sensory neurons and discovered that the tips of
 dendrites undergo dynamic instability, transitioning rapidly and
 stochastically between growing, shrinking, and paused states. By
 incorporating these measured dynamics into a novel, agent-based
 computational model, we showed that the complex and highly variable
 dendritic morphologies of these cells are a consequence of the stochastic
 dynamics of their dendrite tips. These principles may generalize to
 branching of other neuronal cell-types, as well as to branching at the
 subcellular and tissue levels.
description: Three packages have been developed to analyse and simulate the
 morphogenesis of Drosophila class IV da neurons. Here are the
 details: 1. TipTrack: A MATLAB based tracking software
 that can precisely measure the length of slender filamentous structures
 (e.g. microtubules, dendrites etc.). This software has been used to
 measure dendritic length as a function of time with subpixel accuracy. The
 tracked dendrites traces are then used to calculate the growth/shrink
 velocity and transition rates between different states.
 2. NeuroMorpho: This package can measure the coarse properties
 (e.g. branch length, branch number etc.) and fine scale properties (
 fractal dimension, mesh size etc.) of class Iv and other types of
 neurons. 3. NeuronArbor Simulator: This package
 implements the agent based model described in Shree et. al.,2022, in
 C.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.41ns1rnh5
title: Behavioral and postural analyses establish sleep-like states for mosquitoes that can impact host landing and blood feeding

description: Sleep is an evolutionarily conserved process that has been described in
 different animal systems. For insects, sleep characterization has been
 primarily achieved using behavioral and electrophysiological correlates in
 a few systems. Sleep in mosquitoes, which are important vectors of
 disease-causing pathogens, has not been directly examined. This is
 surprising as circadian rhythms, which have been well studied in
 mosquitoes, influence sleep in other systems. In this study, we
 characterized sleep in mosquitoes using body posture analysis and
 behavioral correlates and quantified the effect of sleep deprivation on
 sleep rebound, host landing and blood-feeding propensity. Body and
 appendage position metrics revealed a clear distinction between the
 posture of mosquitoes in their putative sleep and awake states for
 multiple species, which correlate with a reduction in responsiveness to
 host cues. Sleep assessment informed by these posture analyses indicated
 significantly more sleep during periods of low activity. Nighttime and
 daytime sleep deprivation resulting from the delivery of vibration stimuli
 induced sleep rebound in the subsequent phase in day and night active
 mosquitoes, respectively. Lastly, sleep deprivation suppressed host
 landing in both laboratory and field settings, and impaired blood-feeding
 of a human host when mosquitoes would normally be active. These results
 suggest that quantifiable sleep states occur in mosquitoes and highlight
 the potential epidemiological importance of mosquito sleep.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fxpnvx0vc
title: Date advanced functional nuclear magnetic resonance techniques for pediatric population diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

description: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent
 childhood-onset neurodevelopment disorder. Several clinical tools are used
 for ADHD diagnosis such as behavior rating scales, intelligence tests,
 severity, and dysfunction scales. However, these methods depend to the
 experience and training of physician increasing human error. DICOM Images
 using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides quantitative result such
 as fractional anisotropy or the number of tracts that could be helpful to
 support ADHD diagnosis.
description: The data set being sent is made up of
 two data sets. One data set is composed of children with ADHD and the
 other data set is composed of healthy control children.  All MRI studies were performed on 1.5 T
 Philips Intera Achieva scanner (Philips, Inc., Netherlands) using an eight
 channel SENSE head-coil, Gradient Coils NOVA, (Copley 271 Dual, slew rate
 80mT/m/ms, peak amplitude 120mT/m). Diffusion weighted images were obtained
 covering the entire brain, with an axial EPI sequence with settings TR =
 9491s, TE = 75 ms, FOV = 230 mm × 230 mm, matrix 124 × 124, 15
 non-collinear directions (b-value 800 s/mm2) with fat suppression. Scans
 were acquired in the supine position and with the eyes closed (but always
 awake).
DOI: 10.57707/fmi-b2share.4h1k4-3wg55
title: PV production data with ancillary PV and meteorological data including solar radiation measurements from FMI's open-air solar laboratories in Helsinki, Kuopio and Sodankylä (Finland) starting from August 2015 and ending Dec 2021

description: The data is described in Karhu et al. (2025) (to be submitted to Geoscience Data Journal). 

The data files (*.csv) are PV system specific i.e. each data file contains all meteorological ancillary-PV and PV production data from one of the four different systems specifically. Each data file has a header explaining the variables (separated with ';'). The variables are somewhat different from site to site.

FMI_Helsinki_PV.csv
FMI_Kuopio_PV.csv
FMI_Sodankyla_20deg_PV.csv
FMI_Sodankyla_90deg_PV.csv

In addition to the data files there is a compressed tar archive containing hourly taken photographic images of the modules of the FMI's open-air solar laboratory in Sodankylä:

Sodankyla_module_images_2018-2021.tar.gz