cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7611674.v1
title: In-tube condensation data of R134a and R450A in a horizontal 4.7 mm ID tube

description: The attached data was collected at Oregon State University in the Thermal Energy Systems and Transport (TEST) Laboratory during flow condensation experiments for refrigerants R134a and R450A. The experiments were conducted in a horizontal circular copper tube with 4.7mm internal diameter. Water, flowing in the annulus, was used as the coolant. The local condensation heat transfer coefficients and the associated qualities for R-134 and R450A are presented at varying mass fluxes (100-2 s<sup>-1</sup>) and two different saturation conditions (T_dew ≈ 45 and 55<sup>o</sup>C) <br>The test section was divided into 7 segments. Exact length of each section is recorded in the attached file, and an attached figure shows visual representation of a segment. Water inlet and outlet temperature and the copper tube surface temperature are measured in each segment. The surface temperatures were measured at the center of each section using self-adhesive surface thermocouples. Using these measurements, local heat transfer coefficients and thermodynamic qualities were evaluated for each segment. This was accomplished by performing energy balances on the coolant side to determine the heat duties transferred in each section. <br>Summaries of the average measured values and the calculated variables are presented in the attached document. For more details regarding the experiments, results, and conclusions, please see cited references.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378939.v1
title: RNA-mediated degradation of microRNAs: A widespread viral strategy?

description: The use of RNAs to regulate small RNAs, including microRNAs, is a ubiquitous feature of gene regulatory system that can be exploited by viruses. Examples of this have been described in three different herpesviruses, where viral non-coding RNAs bind to highly abundant cellular miRNAs, mediating their degradation: miR-27 is targeted by both murine cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus saimiri, while the miR-17 family is targeted by human cytomegalovirus. We review what is known about RNA-mediated regulation of miRNA stability and propose three potential roles that viral non-coding RNAs might assume to initiate the destruction of a miRNA, acting as “recruiters”, “localizers” or “exposers”. Whereas the miRNAs (miR-17 and miR-27) appear to be ancient and pre-date the common ancestor of all mammalian herpesviruses, comparative analyses of herpesvirus genomes indicate that the three known viral regulators of miRNA each evolved independently, and much more recently. Noting that the anti-viral activity of miRNAs might be countered by a variety of mechanisms, we propose that (i) there has been continual turnover of these mechanisms during herpesvirus evolution, and (ii) there may be many other, as yet undescribed, anti-miRNA activities encoded by other herpesviruses and indeed by viruses from other families.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378939.v3
title: RNA-mediated degradation of microRNAs: A widespread viral strategy?

description: Regulation of small RNAs by other non-coding RNAs is a ubiquitous feature of gene regulatory systems that can be exploited by viruses. Examples of this have been described in 3 different herpesviruses, where viral non-coding RNAs bind to highly abundant cellular (miRNAs), mediating their degradation: miR-27 is targeted by both murine cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus saimiri, while the miR-17 family is targeted by human cytomegalovirus. We review what is known about RNA-mediated regulation of miRNA stability and propose 3 potential roles that viral non-coding RNAs might assume to initiate the destruction of a miRNA, acting as “recruiters,” “localizers” or “exposers.” Whereas the miRNAs (miR-17 and miR-27) appear to be ancient and pre-date the common ancestor of all mammalian herpesviruses, comparative analyses of herpesvirus genomes indicate that the 3 known viral regulators of miRNA each evolved independently, and much more recently. Noting that the anti-viral activity of miRNAs might be countered by a variety of mechanisms, we propose that (i) there has been continual turnover of these mechanisms during herpesvirus evolution, and (ii) there may be many other, as yet undescribed, anti-miRNA activities encoded by other herpesviruses and indeed by viruses from other families.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378939.v2
title: RNA-mediated degradation of microRNAs: A widespread viral strategy?

description: Regulation of small RNAs by other non-coding RNAs is a ubiquitous feature of gene regulatory systems that can be exploited by viruses. Examples of this have been described in 3 different herpesviruses, where viral non-coding RNAs bind to highly abundant cellular (miRNAs), mediating their degradation: miR-27 is targeted by both murine cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus saimiri, while the miR-17 family is targeted by human cytomegalovirus. We review what is known about RNA-mediated regulation of miRNA stability and propose 3 potential roles that viral non-coding RNAs might assume to initiate the destruction of a miRNA, acting as “recruiters,” “localizers” or “exposers.” Whereas the miRNAs (miR-17 and miR-27) appear to be ancient and pre-date the common ancestor of all mammalian herpesviruses, comparative analyses of herpesvirus genomes indicate that the 3 known viral regulators of miRNA each evolved independently, and much more recently. Noting that the anti-viral activity of miRNAs might be countered by a variety of mechanisms, we propose that (i) there has been continual turnover of these mechanisms during herpesvirus evolution, and (ii) there may be many other, as yet undescribed, anti-miRNA activities encoded by other herpesviruses and indeed by viruses from other families.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378931
title: Compressing an Ensemble With Statistical Models: An Algorithm for Global 3D Spatio-Temporal Temperature

description: One of the main challenges when working with modern climate model ensembles is the increasingly larger size of the data produced, and the consequent difficulty in storing large amounts of spatio-temporally resolved information. Many compression algorithms can be used to mitigate this problem, but since they are designed to compress generic scientific datasets, they do not account for the nature of climate model output and they compress only individual simulations. In this work, we propose a different, statistics-based approach that explicitly accounts for the space-time dependence of the data for annual global three-dimensional temperature fields in an initial condition ensemble. The set of estimated parameters is small (compared to the data size) and can be regarded as a summary of the essential structure of the ensemble output; therefore, it can be used to instantaneously reproduce the temperature fields in an ensemble with a substantial saving in storage and time. The statistical model exploits the gridded geometry of the data and parallelization across processors. It is therefore computationally convenient and allows to fit a nontrivial model to a dataset of 1 billion data points with a covariance matrix comprising of 10<sup>18</sup> entries. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378931.v2
title: Compressing an Ensemble With Statistical Models: An Algorithm for Global 3D Spatio-Temporal Temperature

description: One of the main challenges when working with modern climate model ensembles is the increasingly larger size of the data produced, and the consequent difficulty in storing large amounts of spatio-temporally resolved information. Many compression algorithms can be used to mitigate this problem, but since they are designed to compress generic scientific datasets, they do not account for the nature of climate model output and they compress only individual simulations. In this work, we propose a different, statistics-based approach that explicitly accounts for the space-time dependence of the data for annual global three-dimensional temperature fields in an initial condition ensemble. The set of estimated parameters is small (compared to the data size) and can be regarded as a summary of the essential structure of the ensemble output; therefore, it can be used to instantaneously reproduce the temperature fields in an ensemble with a substantial saving in storage and time. The statistical model exploits the gridded geometry of the data and parallelization across processors. It is therefore computationally convenient and allows to fit a nontrivial model to a dataset of 1 billion data points with a covariance matrix comprising of 10<sup>18</sup> entries. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378931.v1
title: Compressing an Ensemble with Statistical Models: An Algorithm for Global 3D Spatio-Temporal Temperature

description: One of the main challenges when working with modern climate model ensembles is the increasingly larger size of the data produced, and the consequent difficulty in storing large amounts of spatio-temporally resolved information. Many compression algorithms can be used to mitigate this problem, but since they are designed to compress generic scientific data sets, they do not account for the nature of climate model output and they compress only individual simulations. In this work, we propose a different, statistics-based approach that explicitly accounts for the space-time dependence of the data for annual global three-dimensional temperature fields in an initial condition ensemble. The set of estimated parameters is small (compared to the data size) and can be regarded as a summary of the essential structure of the ensemble output; therefore, it can be used to instantaneously reproduce the temperature fields in an ensemble with a substantial saving in storage and time. The statistical model exploits the gridded geometry of the data and parallelization across processors. It is therefore computationally convenient and allows to fit a non-trivial model to a data set of one billion data points with a covariance matrix comprising of 10<sup>18</sup> entries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378925
title: Simulating Univariate and Multivariate Nonnormal Distributions through the Method of Percentiles

description: This article derives a standard normal-based power method polynomial transformation for Monte Carlo simulation studies, approximating distributions, and fitting distributions to data based on the method of percentiles. The proposed method is used primarily when (1) conventional (or <i>L</i>) moment-based estimators such as skew (or <i>L</i>-skew) and kurtosis (or <i>L</i> -kurtosis) are unknown or (2) data are unavailable but percentiles are known (e.g., standardized test score reports). The proposed transformation also has the advantage that solutions to polynomial coefficients are available in simple closed form and thus obviates numerical equation solving. A procedure is also described for simulating power method distributions with specified medians, inter-decile ranges, left-right tail-weight ratios (skew function), tail-weight factors (kurtosis function), and Spearman correlations. The Monte Carlo results presented in this study indicate that the estimators based on the method of percentiles are substantially superior to their corresponding conventional product-moment estimators in terms of relative bias. It is also shown that the percentile power method can be modified for generating nonnormal distributions with specified Pearson correlations. An illustration shows the applicability of the percentile power method technique to publicly available statistics from the Idaho state educational assessment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378925.v2
title: Simulating Univariate and Multivariate Nonnormal Distributions through the Method of Percentiles

description: This article derives a standard normal-based power method polynomial transformation for Monte Carlo simulation studies, approximating distributions, and fitting distributions to data based on the method of percentiles. The proposed method is used primarily when (1) conventional (or <i>L</i>) moment-based estimators such as skew (or <i>L</i>-skew) and kurtosis (or <i>L</i> -kurtosis) are unknown or (2) data are unavailable but percentiles are known (e.g., standardized test score reports). The proposed transformation also has the advantage that solutions to polynomial coefficients are available in simple closed form and thus obviates numerical equation solving. A procedure is also described for simulating power method distributions with specified medians, inter-decile ranges, left-right tail-weight ratios (skew function), tail-weight factors (kurtosis function), and Spearman correlations. The Monte Carlo results presented in this study indicate that the estimators based on the method of percentiles are substantially superior to their corresponding conventional product-moment estimators in terms of relative bias. It is also shown that the percentile power method can be modified for generating nonnormal distributions with specified Pearson correlations. An illustration shows the applicability of the percentile power method technique to publicly available statistics from the Idaho state educational assessment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378925.v1
title: Simulating Univariate and Multivariate Nonnormal Distributions through the Method of Percentiles

description: This article derives a standard normal-based power method polynomial transformation for Monte Carlo simulation studies, approximating distributions, and fitting distributions to data based on the method of percentiles. The proposed method is used primarily when (1) conventional (or <i>L</i>) moment-based estimators such as skew (or <i>L</i>-skew) and kurtosis (or <i>L</i> -kurtosis) are unknown or (2) data are unavailable but percentiles are known (e.g., standardized test score reports). The proposed transformation also has the advantage that solutions to polynomial coefficients are available in simple closed form and thus obviates numerical equation solving. A procedure is also described for simulating power method distributions with specified medians, inter-decile ranges, left-right tail-weight ratios (skew function), tail-weight factors (kurtosis function), and Spearman correlations. The Monte Carlo results presented in this study indicate that the estimators based on the method of percentiles are substantially superior to their corresponding conventional product-moment estimators in terms of relative bias. It is also shown that the percentile power method can be modified for generating nonnormal distributions with specified Pearson correlations. An illustration shows the applicability of the percentile power method technique to publicly available statistics from the Idaho state educational assessment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378921
title: Wanna Get Away? Regression Discontinuity Estimation of Exam School Effects Away From the Cutoff

description: In regression discontinuity (RD) studies exploiting an award or admissions cutoff, causal effects are nonparametrically identified for those near the cutoff. The effect of treatment on inframarginal applicants is also of interest, but identification of such effects requires stronger assumptions than those required for identification at the cutoff. This article discusses RD identification and estimation away from the cutoff. Our identification strategy exploits the availability of dependent variable predictors other than the running variable. Conditional on these predictors, the running variable is assumed to be ignorable. This identification strategy is used to study effects of Boston exam schools for inframarginal applicants. Identification based on the conditional independence assumptions imposed in our framework yields reasonably precise and surprisingly robust estimates of the effects of exam school attendance on inframarginal applicants. These estimates suggest that the causal effects of exam school attendance for 9th grade applicants with running variable values well away from admissions cutoffs differ little from those for applicants with values that put them on the margin of acceptance. An extension to fuzzy designs is shown to identify causal effects for compliers away from the cutoff. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378921.v2
title: Wanna Get Away? Regression Discontinuity Estimation of Exam School Effects Away From the Cutoff

description: In regression discontinuity (RD) studies exploiting an award or admissions cutoff, causal effects are nonparametrically identified for those near the cutoff. The effect of treatment on inframarginal applicants is also of interest, but identification of such effects requires stronger assumptions than those required for identification at the cutoff. This article discusses RD identification and estimation away from the cutoff. Our identification strategy exploits the availability of dependent variable predictors other than the running variable. Conditional on these predictors, the running variable is assumed to be ignorable. This identification strategy is used to study effects of Boston exam schools for inframarginal applicants. Identification based on the conditional independence assumptions imposed in our framework yields reasonably precise and surprisingly robust estimates of the effects of exam school attendance on inframarginal applicants. These estimates suggest that the causal effects of exam school attendance for 9th grade applicants with running variable values well away from admissions cutoffs differ little from those for applicants with values that put them on the margin of acceptance. An extension to fuzzy designs is shown to identify causal effects for compliers away from the cutoff. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378911
title: Late Neoproterozoic granulite facies metamorphism in the Menderes Massif, Western Anatolia/Turkey: implication for the assembly of Gondwana

description: The Menderes Massif is a major polymetamorphic complex in Western Turkey. The late Neoproterozoic basement consists of partially migmatized paragneisses and metapelites in association with orthogneiss intrusions. Pelitic granulite, paragneiss and orthopyroxene-bearing orthogneiss (charnockite) of the basement series form the main granulite-facies lithologies. Charnockitic metagranodiorite and metatonalite are magnesian in composition and show calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic affinities. Nd and Sr isotope systematics indicate homogeneous crustal contamination. The zircons in charnockites contain featureless overgrowth and rim textures representing metamorphic growth on magmatic cores and inherited grains. Charnockites yield crytallization age of ~590 Ma for protoliths and they record granulite-facies overprint at ~ 580 Ma. These data indicate that the Menderes Massif records late Neoproterozoic magmatic and granulite-facies metamorphic events. Furthermore, the basement rocks have been overprinted by Eocene Barrovian-type Alpine metamorphism at ~42 Ma. The geochronological data and inferred latest Neoproterozoic–early Cambrian palaeogeographic setting for the Menderes Massif to the north of present-day Arabia indicate that the granulite-facies metamorphism in the Menderes Massif can be attributed to the Kuunga Orogen (600–500 Ma) causing the final amalgamation processes for northern part of the Gondwana.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378911.v2
title: Late Neoproterozoic granulite facies metamorphism in the Menderes Massif, Western Anatolia/Turkey: implication for the assembly of Gondwana

description: The Menderes Massif is a major polymetamorphic complex in Western Turkey. The late Neoproterozoic basement consists of partially migmatized paragneisses and metapelites in association with orthogneiss intrusions. Pelitic granulite, paragneiss and orthopyroxene-bearing orthogneiss (charnockite) of the basement series form the main granulite-facies lithologies. Charnockitic metagranodiorite and metatonalite are magnesian in composition and show calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic affinities. Nd and Sr isotope systematics indicate homogeneous crustal contamination. The zircons in charnockites contain featureless overgrowth and rim textures representing metamorphic growth on magmatic cores and inherited grains. Charnockites yield crytallization age of ~590 Ma for protoliths and they record granulite-facies overprint at ~ 580 Ma. These data indicate that the Menderes Massif records late Neoproterozoic magmatic and granulite-facies metamorphic events. Furthermore, the basement rocks have been overprinted by Eocene Barrovian-type Alpine metamorphism at ~42 Ma. The geochronological data and inferred latest Neoproterozoic–early Cambrian palaeogeographic setting for the Menderes Massif to the north of present-day Arabia indicate that the granulite-facies metamorphism in the Menderes Massif can be attributed to the Kuunga Orogen (600–500 Ma) causing the final amalgamation processes for northern part of the Gondwana.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1378911.v1
title: Late Neoproterozoic granulite facies metamorphism in the Menderes Massif, Western Anatolia/Turkey: implication for the assembly of Gondwana

description: The Menderes Massif is a major polymetamorphic complex in Western Turkey. The late Neoproterozoic basement consists of partially migmatized paragneisses and metapelites in association with orthogneiss intrusions. Pelitic granulite, paragneiss and orthopyroxene-bearing orthogneiss (charnockite) of the basement series form the main granulite-facies lithologies. Charnockitic metagranodiorite and metatonalite are magnesian in composition and show calc-alkalic to alkali-calcic affinities. Nd and Sr isotope systematics indicate homogeneous crustal contamination. The zircons in charnockites contain featureless overgrowth and rim textures representing metamorphic growth on magmatic cores and inherited grains. Charnockites yield crytallization age of ~590 Ma for protoliths and they record granulite-facies overprint at ~ 580 Ma. These data indicate that the Menderes Massif records late Neoproterozoic magmatic and granulite-facies metamorphic events. Furthermore, the basement rocks have been overprinted by Eocene Barrovian-type Alpine metamorphism at ~42 Ma. The geochronological data and inferred latest Neoproterozoic–early Cambrian palaeogeographic setting for the Menderes Massif to the north of present-day Arabia indicate that the granulite-facies metamorphism in the Menderes Massif can be attributed to the Kuunga Orogen (600–500 Ma) causing the final amalgamation processes for northern part of the Gondwana.