cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22059143
title: Supplementary Material for: Differentiation of Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Fibrillation-Associated Ischemic Stroke Based on Serum Exosome miRNA-seq

description: Abstract Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in the general population, and stroke is the most severe complication of AF. Exosomal miRNAs have been reported to be candidates as biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases, including AF and stroke. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in serum exosomes of AF and AF-associated ischemic stroke (AF-IS) patients and evaluate their potential in distinguishing AF and AF-IS patients. Methods: Serum exosomes were isolated from 8 healthy individuals with sinus rhythm (SR controls), 8 AF patients, and 8 AF-IS patients. miRNA-seq was performed to identify DEMs, and qRT-PCR analysis was performed to confirm the sequencing results. A support vector machine (SVM) model was developed using Python to distinguish AF and AF-IS patients. Results: 68 and 86 DEMs were identified in serum exosomes of AF patients compared to AF-IS patients and SR controls, respectively. Levels of miR-641 and miR-30e-5p were found significantly higher in AF-IS patients. The SVM model achieved an accuracy of 100%, with an area under curve (AUC) of 1. Conclusions: The results indicated that miRNA expression profiles of serum exosomes in AF patients were distinct from those in AF-IS patients, and based on the distinction, AF and AF-IS patients can be distinguished.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22067738
title: Supplementary Material for: Macrocytosis in Mitochondrial DNA Deletion Syndromes

description: Large single mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) deletion syndrome is a rare inborn error of metabolism with variable heteroplasmy levels and clinical phenotype among affected individuals. Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) is the most common phenotype in adults with this form of mitochondrial disease [1-2]. The common CPEO clinical manifestations are ptosis and ophthalmoplegia. More variable phenotypic manifestations of CPEO (CPEO plus) include involvement of the peripheral nervous system and myopathy. Here, we describe a 62-year-old female with CPEO and the major mitochondrial DNA deletion present at 40% heteroplasmy, who had a coexistent previously undescribed CPEO phenotypic feature of persistent unexplained macrocytosis without anemia. Building on this case, we reviewed other major mtDNA deletion cases seen in our Adult Metabolic Diseases Clinic (AMDC) at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada from 2016 to 2022. The major mtDNA deletion cases (n=26) were compared with mtDNA missense variants identified in the clinic over the same period who acted as the comparison group (n=16). Of these, the most frequent diagnosis was maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS). Ten out of 26 (38%) of mtDNA deletion patients had macrocytosis with elevated MCV (mean corpuscular volume), median (IQR, interquartile range) of 108fl (102-114fl). Seven of the patients with macrocytosis had no pertinent etiology. None of the comparison group had macrocytosis. There was a significant difference (P=0.000) between the MCV & MCH in the mtDNA deletion group compared to the comparison group. This communication sheds light on the association of macrocytosis with the mtDNA deletion syndrome. It would be of great interest to determine if the association is found in other mitochondrial disease clinic populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22193704
title: Supplementary Material for: Minor salivary gland biopsy for the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis

description: Introduction: The definite diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis is challenging since it requires a compatible histology of the nervous system. When neurosarcoidosis is suspected, other systemic manifestations are investigated to confirm the diagnosis. A minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB) is often performed since it is minimally invasive. The objective of the present study was to assess its performance for the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis. Methods: A retrospective single-center study included patients who underwent a MSGB in a tertiary neurological university hospital (Lyon, France) between 2015 and 2018. Clinical presentations unlikely to be compatible with neurosarcoidosis were excluded. Positive cases of neurosarcoidosis were defined as definite, probable, and possible cases, according to the latest international neurosarcoidosis diagnostic criteria from the Neurosarcoidosis Consortium Consensus Group. Results: A total of 529 patients underwent a MSGB for clinical manifestations compatible with neurosarcoidosis. Among the 13 who fulfilled the criteria for neurosarcoidosis, only one had a positive MSGB. The sensitivity of MSGB was 7.7% (95% CI [0.2–36.0%]) and the specificity was 100.0% (95% CI [99.3–100%]). Discussion/Conclusion: Considering the low sensitivity of MSGB for the diagnosis of NS, MSGB should be performed in selected indications, including a suspicion of spinal cord sarcoidosis, or when there is a strong clinical, laboratory and radiological suspicion of NS. MSGB should rather not be performed when the chest CT-scan does not show signs of pulmonary or lymph node sarcoidosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22227556
title: Supplementary Material for: Non-pharmacological treatments in Lewy body disease: a systematic review

description: Introduction: Lewy body disease (LBD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in patients older than 65 years. LBD is characterized by heterogeneous symptoms like fluctuation in attention, visual hallucinations, parkinsonism and REM sleep behavior disorders. Considering the relevant social impact of the disease, identifying effective non-pharmacological treatments is becoming a priority. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an up-to-date literature review of the most effective non-pharmacological treatments in patients with LBD, focusing on evidence-based interventions. Methods: Following PRISMA criteria, we carried out a systematic search through three databases (PubMed, Cochrane Libraries, PEDro) including physical therapy (PT), cognitive rehabilitation (CR), light therapy (LT), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), deep brain stimulation (DBS). All studies were qualitatively assessed using standardized tools (CARE and EPHPP). Results: We obtained a total of 1220 studies of which 23 original articles met eligibility criteria for inclusion. The total number of LBD patients included was 231, mean age 69.98, predominantly men (68%). Some physical therapy studies highlighted improvements in motor deficits. Cognitive rehabilitation produced significant improvements in mood, cognition and patient’s quality of life and satisfaction. Light therapy outlined a partial trend of improvements in mood and sleep quality. DBS, ECT and TMS showed some partial improvements mainly on neuropsychiatric symptoms whereas tDCS provided partial improvements in attention. Conclusion: This review highlights the efficacy of some evidence-based rehabilitation studies in LBD, however, further randomized controlled trials with larger samples are needed to provide definitive recommendations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22341601.v1
title: Development and validation of a pentaplex assay for the identification of antibodies against common viral diseases in cattle

description: Supporting data for 'Development and validation of a pentaplex assay for the identification of antibodies against common viral diseases in cattle'. This file has three worksheets with: 1. The mean fluorescent intensities for positive and negative samples used to estimate sensitivities and specificities in the ROC analyses. 2. Mean fluorescent intensities of positive and negative quality controls in the pentaplex assay, and their inter- and intra-assay coefficients of variation. 3. Correspondence analysis of sample status when analysed in either the monoplex or pentaplex formats.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22353703
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of continuous renal replacement therapy initiation on urine output and fluid balance: A multi-centre study.

description: Introduction The effect of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on renal function is poorly understood. However, the initiation of CRRT may induce oliguria. We aimed to investigate the impact of CRRT commencement on urine output (UO). Methods Retrospective cohort study in two intensive care units. We included all patients who underwent CRRT and collected data on hourly UO and fluid balance before and after CRRT commencement. We performed an interrupted time series analysis using segmented regression to assess the relationship between CRRT commencement and UO. Results We studied 1057 patients. Median age was 60.7 years (IQR, 48.3 – 70.6) and the median APACHE III was 95 (IQR, 76 – 115). Median time to CRRT was 17 hours (IQR, 5 - 49). With start of CRRT, the absolute difference in mean hourly urine output and mean hourly fluid balance was -27.0 mL/hr (95%CI -32.1 to -21.8; p value &lt; 0.01) and – 129.3 mL/hr (95%CI -169.2 to -133.3), respectively. When controlling for pre-CRRT temporal trends and patient characteristics, there was a rapid post initiation decrease in urine output (-0.12 mL/kg/hr; 95%CI -0.17 to -0.08; p value &lt;0.01) and fluid balance (-78.1 mL/hr; 95% CI -87.9 to -68.3; p value &lt;0.01), which was sustained over the first 24 hours of CRRT. Change in urine output and fluid balance were only weakly correlated (r -0.29; 95% CI -0.35 to -0.23; p value &lt;0.01). Conclusion Commencement of CRRT was associated with a significant decrease in urine output that could not be explained by extracorporeal fluid removal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22359094
title: Supplementary Material for: Changes in QT Interval in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients: Pre-Dialysis, One Hour after Initiation of Dialysis, and Post-Dialysis

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dialysis on change of QT interval in pre-dialysis, 1 h after dialysis initiation, and post-dialysis period in patients on maintenance dialysis (MHD). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> An observational prospective study was conducted, including 61 patients, on thrice-weekly MHD ≥3 months, and without acute diseases, at the Nephrology-Dialysis Department of a tertiary hospital in Vietnam. The exclusive criteria were atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, branch block, prolonged QT recorded in medical history, and taking antiarrhythmic drugs lengthening QT interval before entering the study. Twelve-lead electrocardiographs and blood chemistries were done simultaneously before, 1 h after initiation, and after the dialysis session. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The proportion of patients with prolonged QT interval increased significantly from 44.3% in pre-dialysis to 77% 1 h after dialysis initiation and 86.9% in post-dialysis session. Immediately after dialysis, the QT and QTc intervals on all 12 leads were significantly longer. Post-dialysis levels of potassium, chloride, magnesium, and urea decreased significantly from 3.97 (0.7), 98.6 (4.7), 1.04 (0.2), and 21.4 (6.1) to 2.78 (0.4), 96.6 (2.5), 0.87 (0.2), and 6.33 (2.8) mmol/L, respectively, whereas the calcium increased significantly from 2.19 (0.2) to 2.57 (0.2) mmol/L. There were significant differences in the potassium level at the dialysis initiation and its speed of reduction between the group without and with prolonged QT interval. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> There was an increased risk of prolonged QT interval in MHD patients regardless of the absence of the previous abnormal QT interval. Notably, this risk increased rapidly 1 h after the initiation of dialysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23268362
title: Supplementary Material for: The Role of Intermittent Fasting and Dieting on Cognition in Adult Population: A Systematic Review of the Randomized Controlled Trials

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> A healthy diet is a modifiable risk factor that may impact cognition. A unique type of diet may include intermittent fasting (IF), an eating pattern in which individuals go extended periods with little or no meal intake, intervening with periods of normal food intake. IF has multiple health benefits including maintenance of blood glucose levels, reduction of insulin levels, depletion or reduction of glycogen stores, mobilization of fatty acids, and generation of ketones. IF has shown neuroprotective effects as it may lead to increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus, which may contribute to cognitive resilience. Diets including IF were examined as lifestyle modifications in the prevention and management of cognitive decline. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A systematic literature search was conducted for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which assessed the effect of dieting on cognitive functions in adults. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), low-glycemic diets, and caloric restriction have shown improvement in cognitive function; however, there was a negative impact on problem-solving in those with comorbid cardiovascular disease. There is also contradictory evidence that caloric restriction and diet alone may not be sufficient for the improvement of cognitive functions and that exercise may have better efficacy on cognition. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> IF is considered a safe intervention, and no adverse effects were found in the reviewed studies; however, evidence is limited as there were only 9 low-quality RCTs that assessed the impact of IF on cognition. DASH, low-glycemic diets, and exercise may have effective roles in the management and prevention of cognitive decline, although further research is needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23565018
title: Supplementary Material for: Construction of an early alert system for intradialytic hypotension before initiating hemodialysis based on machine learning

description: Abstract Introduction: Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is prevalent and associated with high hospitalization and mortality rates. The purpose of this study was to explore the risk factors for IDH and use artificial intelligence to establish an early alert system before hemodialysis sessions to identify patients at high risk of IDH. Materials and methods: We obtained data on 314534 hemodialysis sessions conducted at Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from the Renal Disease Treatment Information System. IDH was defined as a systolic blood pressure drop≥20 mmHg, a mean arterial pressure drop≥10 mmHg during dialysis, or the occurrence of clinical hypotensive events requiring nursing intervention. After pre-processing, the data were randomly divided into training (80%) and testing (20%) sets. Four interpolation methods, three feature selection methods, and 18 machine learning algorithms were used to construct predictive models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was the main indicator for evaluating the performance of the models, while Shapley Additive ExPlanation (SHAP) was used to explain the contribution of each variable to the best predictive model. Results: A total of 3906 patients and 314534 dialysis sessions were included, of which 142237 cases showed IDH (incidence rate, 45.2%). Nineteen parameters were identified through artificial intelligence feature screening. They included age, pre-dialysis weight, dry weight, pre-dialysis blood pressure, heart rate, prescribed ultrafiltration, blood cell counts (neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, eosinophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts), hematocrit, serum calcium, creatinine, urea, glucose, and uric acid. Random forest, gradient boosting, and logistic regression were the three best models, and the AUCs were 0.812 (95% confidence interval[CI], 0.811-0.813), 0.748 (95% CI, 0.747-0.749), and 0.743 (95% CI, 0.742-0.744), respectively. Conclusion: Our dialysis software-based artificial intelligence alert system can be used to predict IDH occurrence, enabling the initiation of relevant interventions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23607879
title: Supplementary Material for: Ocular Syphilis with Retinal and Disc Neovascularization Treated with Bevacizumab: A Case Report

description: We report the findings observed in a young woman with ocular syphilis complicated with retinal and disc neovascularization successfully treated with intravitreal bevacizumab. Fluorescein angiography revealed in both eyes intense hyperfluorescence at the level of the disc, multifocal venous wall staining, multifocal paravenous leakage, multiple peripheral saccular venular dilations, diffuse retinal and macular edema, and retinal and disc neovascularization. There was no evidence of retinal ischemia in both eyes. After antibiotic and corticosteroid treatment, the neovascularization persisted in both eyes. Three consecutive doses of intravitreal bevacizumab were administered, with total regression of the retinal and disc neovascularization. Disc and retinal neovascularization along with nonocclusive retinal vasculitis may be a form of presentation of ocular syphilis. Combination of specific treatment, oral corticosteroids, and intravitreal bevacizumab may be useful for treating this clinical manifestation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23617173
title: Supplementary Material for: Undesirable High Astigmatism after Penetrating Keratoplasty in Pseudophakia Corrected with an Add-On Toric Intraocular Lens

description: The purpose of the present case is to report the visual outcomes of a pseudophakic patient with high post-penetrating keratoplasty astigmatism treated with implantation of toric AddOn<sup>®</sup> intraocular lens (IOL) in the sulcus. A 79-year-old man with a ophthalmologic history of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy had a graft failure after Descemet’s stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty procedure on his right eye. Consequently, a penetrating keratoplasty was performed, and a high corneal astigmatism of −9.8 D to 140° resulted in that eye after selective suture removal. A secondary AddOn<sup>®</sup> toric IOL customized for the patient with a manufacturer-calculated power of +11.0 D was implanted to 50° in sulcus of the right eye. Subjective refraction was used for IOL calculation. Final refraction was +1.0 D of sphere and −2.0 D of cylinder power to 105°, with spherical equivalent of 0.0 D. Best corrected visual acuity was logMAR 0.1 (20/25, 0.8 decimal) 1 year after the IOL implant. Our case report demonstrates that the toric AddOn<sup>®</sup> secondary IOL can be effective and safe in correcting residual refractive error of high regular astigmatism after keratoplasty in pseudophakic eyes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23684508
title: Supplementary Material for: Monitoring Delayed Toxoplasmosis-Related Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion Using Widefield En Face Optical Coherence Tomography and Multimodal Imaging

description: Ocular toxoplasmosis has a known, rare association with acute retinal artery occlusion (RAO). We describe a 21-year old male who presented with acute focal toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis in the right eye treated with intravitreal clindamycin, intravitreal dexamethasone, and adjunct oral therapy for vision-threatening retinitis with subsequent quiescence. Nine months from his initial presentation, the patient presented with a branch RAO adjacent to an inactive retinal scar in the right eye. Widefield en face structural swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) centered on the middle retina showed paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) in an arteriolar distribution. The patient was started on 81 mg of aspirin daily. Six months later, the en face structural SS-OCT and corresponding B-scans showed resolution of PAMM. Along with a review of the literature on toxoplasmosis-related RAOs, we present the first case of delayed-onset RAO in ocular toxoplasmosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23909847
title: Supplementary Material for: Subperiosteal Orbital Hematoma: a rare clinical manifestation of sickle cell disease - a case report

description: Sickle cell disease (SCD), an inherited vaso-occlusive disorder, results in recurrent painful episodes and a variety of serious systemic complications that can lead to severe disabilities and even death. Here we report a case of a 19-year-old African American patient with homozygous sickle cell trait who presented with right upper lid edema and ptosis, three days after his admission to the hospital following a sickle cell crisis. Initially mistaken as a superinfection in the context of his disease, a diagnosis of orbital abscess was made. Intravenous antibiotics and a proper treatment plan were set accordingly. Only after extensive clinical and radiological examinations, it turned out to be an acute subperiosteal orbital hematoma (SOH), a rare clinical manifestation of SCD. The aim of our case report is to highlight the difference in orbital presentation between osteomyelitis and subperiosteal hematoma, as well as spreading awareness among medical professionals and especially ophthalmologists for this rare presentation of orbital wall infarction, as the initial differential diagnosis of SCD patients with ocular involvement.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23910219
title: Supplementary Material for: Driving Automation for Older Adults with Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease

description: Background: Older adults with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) show changes in on-road driving performance. The impact of preclinical AD on using automated vehicle (AV) technology is unknown. The aim was to evaluate safety and cognitive workload while operating AV technology in drivers with preclinical AD. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 40 participants: 19 older adults (age 74.16 ± 4.78; MOCA scores 26.42 ± 2.52) with preclinical AD, evidenced by elevated cortical beta-amyloid; and 21 controls (age 73.81 ± 5.62; MOCA scores 28.24 ± 1.67). All participants completed two scenarios in a driving simulator. Scenario 1 included conditional automation with an emergency event that required a manual take-over maneuver. Scenario 2 was identical but with a cognitive distractor task. Emergency response time was the main safety outcome measure. Cognitive workload was calculated using moment-to-moment changes in pupillary size and converted into an Index of Cognitive Activity (ICA). Mann-Whitney U and independent t-tests were used to compare group differences. Results: Emergency response times were similar between drivers with preclinical AD and controls in scenario 1 (20.85s ± 1.08 vs 20.52s ± 3.18; p = 0.83) and scenario 2 (14.83s ± 7.37 vs 13.45s ± 10.43; p = 0.92). Likewise, no differences were found in ICA between drivers with preclinical AD and controls in scenario 1 (0.34 ± 0.08 vs 0.33 ± 0.17; p = 0.74) or scenario 2 (0.30 ± 0.07 vs 0.29 ± 0.17; p = 0.93). Conclusions: Older drivers with preclinical AD may safely operate AV technology, without increased response times or cognitive workload. Future on-road studies with AV technology should confirm these preliminary results in drivers with preclinical AD.