cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d1nd3
title: Data from: Temperature-size rule is mediated by thermal plasticity of critical size in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Most ectotherms show an inverse relationship between developmental
 temperature and body size, a phenomenon known as the temperature size rule
 (TSR). Several competing hypotheses have been proposed to explain its
 occurrence. According to one set of views, the TSR results from inevitable
 biophysical effects of temperature on the rates of growth and
 differentiation, whereas other views suggest the TSR is an adaptation that
 can be achieved by a diversity of mechanisms in different taxa. Our data
 reveal that the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, obeys the TSR using a
 novel mechanism: reduction of critical size at higher temperatures. In
 holometabolous insects, attainment of critical size initiates the hormonal
 cascade that terminates growth, and hence, Drosophila larvae appear to
 instigate the signal to stop growth at a smaller size at higher
 temperatures. This is in contrast to findings from another holometabolous
 insect, Manduca sexta, in which the TSR results from the effect of
 temperature on the rate and duration of growth. This contrast suggests
 that there is no single mechanism that accounts for the TSR. Instead, the
 TSR appears to be an adaptation that is achieved at a proximate level
 through different mechanisms in different taxa.
description: Growth curve
 dataMetadata used for Figure
 1, Figure 2 and supplementary Figure 1. # The variables in the file
 include temp = rearing temperature of flies age = hours from hatching
 stage = developmental stage weight = weight of individuals in
 mggrowth.curve.data.csvCritical size dataMetadata used for to calculate the critical size (Figure 2, Figure 3 & supplementary figure 1) Variables in the file include: temp = rearing temperature for the flies. larval = larval weight at starvation. pupariate = pupariation status. ttp = time to pupariation from starvation in hours. pupal = pupal weight. eclose = eclosion statuscsdata.csvCritical size breakpoint R scriptR script for calculating using the breakpoint method. The file includes scripts for finding the breakpoint in the plot of ttp vs. larval weight at starvation, bootstrapping data and permutation test.CS_breakpoint_R_script.pdf
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nf663
title: Data from: Strong pollinator-mediated selection for increased flower brightness and contrast in a deceptive orchid

description: Contrasting flower color patterns that putatively attract or direct
 pollinators towards a reward are common among angiosperms. In the
 deceptive orchid Anacamptis morio, the lower petal, which makes up most of
 the floral display, has a light central patch with dark markings. Within
 populations, there is pronounced variation in petal brightness, patch
 size, amount of dark markings, and contrast between patch and petal
 margin. We tested whether pollinators mediate selection on these color
 traits and on morphology (plant height, number of flowers, corolla size,
 spur length), and whether selection is consistent with facilitated or
 negative frequency-dependent pollination. Pollinators mediated strong
 selection for increased petal brightness (Δβpoll = 0.42) and contrast
 (Δβpoll = 0.51). Pollinators also tended to mediate stabilizing selection
 on brightness (Δγpoll = -0.27, n.s.) favoring the most common phenotype in
 the population. Selection for reduced petal brightness among
 hand-pollinated plants indicated a fitness cost associated with
 brightness. The results demonstrate that flower color traits influence
 pollination success and seed production in A. morio, indicating that they
 affect attractiveness to pollinators, efficiency of pollen transfer, or
 both. The documented selection is consistent with facilitated pollination
 and selection for color convergence towards co-occurring rewarding
 species.
description: Standardized phenotypic
 traits and relative fitness in the Anacamptis morio population in
 2014Standardized phenotypic
 traits (plant height, number of flowers, corolla area, spur length, petal
 brightness, central patch size, petal contrast, proportion dark markings)
 and relative fitness for 314 individuals of Anacamptis morio (178
 open-pollinated controls and 136 supplementally hand-pollinated
 plants).A_morio_2014_restandard_Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.99s52
title: Data from: Population structure, gene flow, and historical demography of a small coastal shark (Carcharhinus isodon) in US waters of the Western Atlantic Ocean

description: Patterns of population structure, genetic demographics, and gene flow in
 the small coastal shark Carcharhinus isodon (finetooth shark) sampled from
 two discrete nurseries along the southeastern US coast (Atlantic) and
 three nurseries in the northern Gulf of Mexico (Gulf), were assessed using
 16 nuclear-encoded microsatellites and 1077 base pairs of the
 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. Significant heterogeneity in
 microsatellite allele distributions was detected among all localities
 except between the two in the Atlantic. Significant heterogeneity in mtDNA
 haplotypes was not detected, a result likely due to extremely low mtDNA
 diversity. The genetic discontinuities combined with seasonal movement
 patterns, a patchy distribution of appropriate nursery habitat, the
 apparent absence of sex-biased gene flow, and the occurrence of mating in
 the vicinity of nursery areas, suggest that both male and female finetooth
 sharks display regional philopatry to discrete nursery areas. Global and
 local tests of neutrality, using mtDNA haplotypes, and demographic model
 testing, using Approximate Bayesian Computation of microsatellite alleles,
 supported a range-wide expansion of finetooth sharks into US waters
 occurring less than ∼9000 years ago. These findings add to the growing
 number of studies in a variety of coastally distributed marine fishes
 documenting significant barriers to gene flow around peninsular Florida
 and in the eastern Gulf. The findings also provide further evidence that
 the traditional model of behavioural ecology, based on large coastal
 sharks, may not be appropriate for understanding and conserving small
 coastal sharks.
description: Full data, finetooth
 sharks, microsatsMicrosatellite genotypes
 for finetooth sharks sampled in the studyFull data, finetooth
 sharks, haplotypesMitochondrial DNA
 haplotypes observed in the study
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31152478
title: <b>"Multi</b><b>-Omics Investigation Dissects a Unidirectional Causality and Shared Genes between Sleep Duraiton and Tinnitus" Supplementary Tables</b>

description: Sleep disorders and tinnitus coexist in some patients, yet the genetic causal relationship and shared molecular mechanisms underlying their comorbidity remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that short sleep duration and insomnia are key risk factors, and identified 22 shared genes between the two conditions. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of comorbidity between sleep duration and tinnitus and offer translational potential for targeted interventions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31152478.v1
title: <b>"Multi</b><b>-Omics Investigation Dissects a Unidirectional Causality and Shared Genes between Sleep Duraiton and Tinnitus" Supplementary Tables</b>

description: Sleep disorders and tinnitus coexist in some patients, yet the genetic causal relationship and shared molecular mechanisms underlying their comorbidity remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that short sleep duration and insomnia are key risk factors, and identified 22 shared genes between the two conditions. These findings enhance our understanding of the pathophysiology of comorbidity between sleep duration and tinnitus and offer translational potential for targeted interventions.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.673tr
title: Data from: Silent fish surveys: bubble-free diving highlights inaccuracies associated with SCUBA-based surveys in heavily fished areas

description: 1. Underwater visual census (UVC) using SCUBA is a commonly used method
 for assessing reef fish communities. Evidence suggests, however, that fish
 avoid divers due to the sound of bubbles produced by open-circuit SCUBA,
 and avoidance behaviour is more pronounced as fishing pressure increases.
 Despite the potential for producing biased counts and conclusions, these
 behavioural effects have rarely been quantified, especially when assessing
 the effectiveness of marine protected areas (MPAs). 2. To test the
 magnitude of avoidance behaviour, we surveyed fish populations inside and
 outside two MPAs in Guam, using two diving systems: standard open-circuit
 (OC) SCUBA and a closed-circuit rebreather (CCR) that produces no bubbles.
 Data were collected using a diver-operated stereo-video system
 (stereo-DOV), which provided counts of relative abundance, measures of
 fish length and the minimum approach distance of the diver to a fish. 3.
 Inside MPAs, fish surveys conducted with CCR recorded similar community
 metrics to fish surveys conducted with conventional OC SCUBA. In contrast,
 outside the MPAs, the bubble-free diving system recorded 48% more species
 and up to 260% greater fish abundance. These differences reflected the
 ability of a diver wearing the silent CCR unit to sample the larger, most
 heavily targeted species that are shy of divers in fished areas. This
 difference was also large enough to change some results from ‘reject’ to
 ‘accept’ the null hypothesis of ‘no significant differences exist between
 fished and protected areas’. 4. The use of CCR for fish surveys clearly
 minimizes behavioural biases associated with fish avoiding open-circuit
 SCUBA divers. We recommend the use of this bubble-free diving system for
 surveys assessing reef fish populations, especially in areas where fish
 are heavily targeted by spearfishing. If fish behaviour is not accounted
 for, surveys using SCUBA could result in erroneous conclusions when
 comparing fished and protected areas. While the behaviour of fish towards
 divers is rarely mentioned in conclusions from studies using UVC, it is an
 important source of bias that should be acknowledged and minimized where
 possible.
description: Data used in
 publicationExcel file with the data
 used for analysisLindfield et al
 MEE.xlsx
DOI: 10.15468/dl.da5ntc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 186 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Calibrachoa calycina",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 186 records from 32 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000855-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.31b9h5m
title: Data from: Toxins or medicines? Phytoplankton diets mediate host and parasite fitness in a freshwater system

description: Diets must satisfy the everyday metabolic requirements of organisms and
 can also serve as medicines to combat disease. Currently, the medicinal
 role of diets is much better understood in terrestrial than in aquatic
 ecosystems. This is surprising because phytoplankton species synthesize
 secondary metabolites with known antimicrobial properties. Here, we
 investigated the medicinal properties of phytoplankton (including
 toxin-producing cyanobacteria) against parasites of the dominant
 freshwater herbivore, Daphnia. We fed Daphnia dentifera on green algae and
 toxic cyanobacteria diets known to vary in their nutritional quality and
 toxin production, and an additional diet of Microcystis with added pure
 microcystin-LR. We then exposed Daphnia to fungal and bacterial parasites.
 Anabaena, Microcystis and Chlorella diets prevented infection of Daphnia
 by the fungal parasite Metschnikowia, while Nodularia toxins increased
 offspring production by infected hosts. In contrast to their medicinal
 effects against Metschnikowia, toxic phytoplankton generally decreased the
 fitness of Daphnia infected with the bacterial parasite, Pasteuria. We
 also measured the amount of toxin produced by phytoplankton over time.
 Concentrations of anatoxin-a produced by Anabaena increased in the
 presence of Metschnikowia, suggesting parasite-induced toxin production.
 Our research illustrates that phytoplankton can serve as toxins or
 medicines for their consumers, depending upon the identity of their
 parasites.
description: SporeParasiteCounts_KristelSanchez_DietEffectsOnParasitismThese are spore counts of each individual Daphnia in our experiment. Daphnia were reared in the laboratory (one individual per beaker). Individuals were exposed to following infection treatments: (a) bacterial parasite only (Pasteuria), (b) fungal parasite only (Metschnikowia), (c) both parasites at the same time, and (d) no parasites (controls).Host Offspring production, Length, & MortalityHost fitness data taken throughout host lifetime.HostOffspringLengthMortality_KristelSanchez_DietEffectsOnParasitism.csvAnatoxin-a concentrations produced by AnabaenaAnatoxin-a concentrations from water samples belonging from water from beakers in which Daphnia were reared. Concentrations were measured using Abraxis ELISA phycotoxins kit as described by the manufacturer.AnabaenaAnatoxinWaterConcentration_KristelSanchez_DietEffectsOnParasitism.xlsxNodularin concentrations produced by NodulariaNodularin concentrations from water samples belonging from water from beakers in which Daphnia were reared. Concentrations were measured using Abraxis ELISA phycotoxins kit as described by the manufacturer.NodulariaNodularinWaterConcentration_KristelSanchez_DietEffectsOnParasitism.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kc4dc
title: Data from: Diversification and convergence of aposematic phenotypes: truncated receptors and cellular arrangements mediate rapid evolution of coloration in harlequin poison frogs

description: Aposematic signals represent one of the classical systems to study
 evolution and, as such, they have received considerable empirical and
 theoretical investigation. Despite the extensive literature on aposematic
 coloration, much uncertainty remains about genetic changes responsible for
 the repeated evolution of similar signals in multiple lineages. Here, we
 study the diversification and convergence of coloration among lineages of
 aposematic harlequin poison frogs (O. histrionica complex). Our results
 suggest that different background phenotypes, showing different color
 and/or luminance contrast, have evolved independently at least twice in
 this group. We suggest that cellular arrangements are behind the striking
 diversity of color and patterns in this group and propose that differences
 in dorsal background color may be related to either or both, the
 presence/absence of xanthophores and the dispersion of melanosomes. Our
 genetic analyses support a role for the melanocortin receptor MC1R in
 melanosome aggregation, and we show evidence that two different mutations
 (∆433 and C432A) are responsible for the darker phenotypes that may
 display a more detectable, easier to learn, aposematic signal.
description: Color_Data_All_popsColoration dataset for entire populationsColor_Data_Dryad_Evol.xlsxColour_Data_Santa_CeciliaColoration dataset for Santa Cecilia IndividualsColour_Data_Santa_Dryad_Evol.xlsxHistology_Data_MelanosomesMelanosome measurements and data from histology analysis (TEM)Melanosome_Data_Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s67kg
title: Data from: Sources of (co)variation in alternative siring routes available to male great tits (Parus major)

description: Males of socially monogamous species can increase their siring success via
 within-pair and extra-pair fertilizations. In this study, we focused on
 the different sources of (co)variation between these siring routes, and
 asked how each contributes to total siring success. We quantified the
 fertilization routes to siring success, as well as behaviors that have
 been hypothesized to affect siring success, over a five-year period for a
 wild population of great tits Parus major. We considered siring success
 and its fertilization routes as “interactive phenotypes” arising from
 phenotypic contributions of both members of the social pair. We show that
 siring success is strongly affected by the fecundity of the social
 (female) partner. We also demonstrate that a strong positive correlation
 between extra-pair fertilization success and paternity loss likely
 constrains the evolution of these two routes. Moreover, we show that more
 explorative and aggressive males had less extra-pair fertilizations,
 whereas more explorative females laid larger clutches. This study thus
 demonstrates that (co)variation in siring routes is caused by multiple
 factors not necessarily related to characteristics of males. We thereby
 highlight the importance of acknowledging the multi-level structure of
 male fertilization routes when studying the evolution of male mating
 strategies.
description: Siring
 successSiring success and its
 components.SiringSuccess.csvAggressionFertilization routes and aggressionAgggression.csvExplorationExploration and fertilization routes
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kn5s2
title: Data from: Fertilizer legacies meet saltwater incursion: challenges and constraints for coastal plain wetland restoration

description: Coastal wetland restoration is an important tool for climate change
 adaptation and excess nutrient runoff mitigation. However, the capacity of
 restored coastal wetlands to provide multiple ecosystem services is
 limited by stressors, such as excess nutrients from upstream agricultural
 fields, high nutrient legacies on-site, and rising salinities downstream.
 The effects of these stressors are exacerbated by an accelerating
 hydrologic cycle, expected to cause longer droughts punctuated by more
 severe storms. We used seven years of surface water and six years of soil
 solution water chemistry from a large (440 ha) restored wetland to examine
 how fertilizer legacy, changes in hydrology, and drought-induced
 salinization affect dissolved nutrient and carbon concentrations. To
 better understand the recovery trajectory of the restored wetland, we also
 sampled an active agricultural field and two mature forested wetlands. Our
 results show that nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations in soil
 solution were 2–10 times higher in the restored wetland compared to two
 mature forested wetlands, presumably due to legacy fertilizer mobilized by
 reflooding. Despite elevated nutrient concentrations relative to reference
 wetlands, the restored wetland consistently attenuated N and P pulses
 delivered from an upstream farm. Even with continued loading, N and P
 concentrations in surface water throughout the restored wetland have
 decreased since the initial flooding. Our results suggest that high
 nutrient concentrations and export from wetlands restored on agricultural
 lands may be a severe but temporary problem. If field to wetland
 conversion is to become a more widespread method for ameliorating nutrient
 runoff and adapting coastal plain ecosystems to climate change, we should
 adopt new methods for minimizing the initial export phase of wetland
 restoration efforts.
description: tower_longterm_surfacewaterFile contains 7 years of surface water chemistry from the Timberlake Observatory for Wetland Restoration (TOWeR) site.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s7m33
title: Data from: Host stress hormones alter vector feeding preferences, success, and productivity

description: Stress hormones might represent a key link between individual-level
 infection outcome, population-level parasite transmission, and zoonotic
 disease risk. Although the effects of stress on immunity are well known,
 stress hormones could also affect host–vector interactions via
 modification of host behaviours or vector-feeding patterns and subsequent
 reproductive success. Here, we experimentally manipulated songbird stress
 hormones and examined subsequent feeding preferences, feeding success, and
 productivity of mosquito vectors in addition to defensive behaviours of
 hosts. Despite being more defensive, birds with elevated stress hormone
 concentrations were approximately twice as likely to be fed on by
 mosquitoes compared to control birds. Moreover, stress hormones altered
 the relationship between the timing of laying and clutch size in blood-fed
 mosquitoes. Our results suggest that host stress could affect the
 transmission dynamics of vector-borne parasites via multiple pathways.
description: Msat Primer info for
 Bird Id in InsectsInformation about
 microsatellite primers used to ID blood meals of
 vectors.MS Data
 FullRaw data for manuscript.
 Separate tabs indicate corresponding experiments or data sets
 analyzed.dataforProceedingsB.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c45cd
title: Data from: Local and regional specialization in plant–pollinator networks

description: Specialization of species is often studied in ecology but its
 quantification and meaning is disputed. More recently, ecological network
 analysis has been widely used as a tool to quantify specialization, but
 here its true meaning is also debated. However, irrespective of the tool
 used, the geographic scale at which specialization is measured remains
 central. Consequently, we use data sets of plant–pollinator networks from
 Brazil and the Canary Islands to explore specialization at local and
 regional scales. We ask how local specialization of a species is related
 to its regional specialization, and whether or not species tend to
 interact with a non-random set of partners in local communities. Local and
 regional specialization were strongly correlated around the 1:1 line,
 indicating that species conserve their specialization levels across
 spatial scales. Furthermore, most plants and pollinators also showed link
 conservatism repeatedly across local communities, and thus seem to be
 constrained in their fundamental niche. However, some species are more
 constrained than others, indicating true specialists. We argue that
 several geographically separated populations should be evaluated in order
 to provide a robust evaluation of species specialization.
description: Interactiondata_all_BrazilEdgelist data file with interactions from all seven Brazilian sites.QuanMat_loc_Western Sahara-2016-12-14Interaction matrix for Western Sahara site.QuanMat_loc_Teno-2016-12-14Interaction matrix for Teno site.QuanMat_loc_Tenerife Syd-2016-12-14Interaction matrix for Tenerife South site.QuanMat_loc_Gran Canaria-2016-12-14Interaction matrix for Gran Canaria site.QuanMat_loc_Gomera-2016-12-14Interaction matrix for Gomera site.QuanMat_loc_Fuerteventura-2016-12-14Interaction matrix for Fuerteventura site.QuanMat_loc_El Hierro-2016-12-14Interaction matrix for El Hierro site.