cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862477.v1
title: Performance and carcass characteristics of two biotypes of Santa Inês sheep grazing pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks

description: SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Santa Inês lambs fed pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks (MB). Twenty whole lambs were used, 10 of the Santa Inês Tradicional and 10 Santa Inês Moderno biotypes. These were distributed in a completely randomized design, where they remained until reaching the slaughtering age of 264 days. Although they had different biotypes, sheep did not differ statistically for performance variables, quantitative, qualitative, morphometry, biometrics, only the palette yield variable was higher for the biotype in 19. 75%, while for the traditional one it was 19. 18%. Increasing use of the multinutritional block was observed by lambs up to 56 days of experiment, reaching a maximum of 0.240g/animal/day, but at 84 days there was a decline to 0.198g/animal/day. The average daily gain (ADG) was 144.22 and 146.67 for the traditional and modem biotypes, respectively, and the final weight (FW) was 32. 26 and 32. 66kg for each biotype. The carcass of the animals is moderate and therefore a lean carcass. The gross profit margin was 78 reais/animal. Despite the biotypic differences, the Santa Inês lambs fed pasture and supplemented with multinutritional blocks showed similar carcass characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862081
title: Apparent digestibility and rumen protozoal profile of sheep fed cassava wastewater

description: SUMMARY The effects of cassava wastewater on nutrient digestibility and rumen protozoa were evaluated in 32 Santa Inês sheep fed a diet with Tifton hay, ground corn cob, and concentrate, containing 0, 500, 1000, or 1500 mL cassava wastewater. Uncastrated sheep at an average age of 167 days and average weight of 25.3 kg were housed in individual stalls and distributed in a randomized complete design with four treatments and eight replicates. The experimental period was 70 days: 15 days for adaptation to the diets and 60 days to collect the ingredients and diets supplied. Prior to this stage, the animals were adapted to the consumption of cassava wastewater, in collective cages, for seven days. Apparent digestibility was determined by partial feces collection and by using the LIPE® external marker in 250-mg capsules. The apparent digestibility of nutrients did not differ (P&gt;0.05) in relation to the cassava wastewater levels tested. Eleven genera of rumen protozoa were identified, and they formed a community that, except for Ophryoscolex, did not differ among the cassava wastewater treatments with respect to composition. However, Entodinium species were observed at a higher density (P&lt;0.05) in sheep that received 1500 mL of cassava wastewater. The use of cassava wastewater in the sheep diet does not affect the digestibility of nutrients or composition of rumen protozoa; however, it causes a significant increase in Entodinium density.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862081.v1
title: Apparent digestibility and rumen protozoal profile of sheep fed cassava wastewater

description: SUMMARY The effects of cassava wastewater on nutrient digestibility and rumen protozoa were evaluated in 32 Santa Inês sheep fed a diet with Tifton hay, ground corn cob, and concentrate, containing 0, 500, 1000, or 1500 mL cassava wastewater. Uncastrated sheep at an average age of 167 days and average weight of 25.3 kg were housed in individual stalls and distributed in a randomized complete design with four treatments and eight replicates. The experimental period was 70 days: 15 days for adaptation to the diets and 60 days to collect the ingredients and diets supplied. Prior to this stage, the animals were adapted to the consumption of cassava wastewater, in collective cages, for seven days. Apparent digestibility was determined by partial feces collection and by using the LIPE® external marker in 250-mg capsules. The apparent digestibility of nutrients did not differ (P&gt;0.05) in relation to the cassava wastewater levels tested. Eleven genera of rumen protozoa were identified, and they formed a community that, except for Ophryoscolex, did not differ among the cassava wastewater treatments with respect to composition. However, Entodinium species were observed at a higher density (P&lt;0.05) in sheep that received 1500 mL of cassava wastewater. The use of cassava wastewater in the sheep diet does not affect the digestibility of nutrients or composition of rumen protozoa; however, it causes a significant increase in Entodinium density.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861931
title: Performance of sheep fed forage cactus with total water restriction

description: SUMMARY A lack of water in livestock production can limit the performance of the animals; therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water restriction on the growth performance of sheep that were fed forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). Forty-two male sheep were used, with an average age and weight of ±100 days and 18.75 ± (2,05) kg , respectively, and they were fed diets containing concentrate, mineral mixture and three levels of substitution (30, 50 and 70%) of Tifton hay with forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). The animals were slaughtered when they reached 32 kg (± 1 kg) of body weight or 90 days. The experimental design was a 3x2 factorial arrangement, forage cactus (30, 50, 70%) x water (with or without water) plus a control group (n=6). Variables were analyzed using Tukey and Dunnett's test at 5% with PROC GLM in SAS software. Voluntary water intake and dry matter intake (DMI) decreased with the inclusion of forage cactus; however, preformed water intake and total water intake increased with the inclusion of forage cactus. Water restriction and its interaction with the treatments had no effect on animal performance. Daily weight gain was higher for the diets with 30 and 50%forage cactus inclusion, at 174 and 155 g, respectively, compared with 90 g for the control diet. Cactus, therefore, can be used as a food supplement and water resource.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861931.v1
title: Performance of sheep fed forage cactus with total water restriction

description: SUMMARY A lack of water in livestock production can limit the performance of the animals; therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of water restriction on the growth performance of sheep that were fed forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). Forty-two male sheep were used, with an average age and weight of ±100 days and 18.75 ± (2,05) kg , respectively, and they were fed diets containing concentrate, mineral mixture and three levels of substitution (30, 50 and 70%) of Tifton hay with forage cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera). The animals were slaughtered when they reached 32 kg (± 1 kg) of body weight or 90 days. The experimental design was a 3x2 factorial arrangement, forage cactus (30, 50, 70%) x water (with or without water) plus a control group (n=6). Variables were analyzed using Tukey and Dunnett's test at 5% with PROC GLM in SAS software. Voluntary water intake and dry matter intake (DMI) decreased with the inclusion of forage cactus; however, preformed water intake and total water intake increased with the inclusion of forage cactus. Water restriction and its interaction with the treatments had no effect on animal performance. Daily weight gain was higher for the diets with 30 and 50%forage cactus inclusion, at 174 and 155 g, respectively, compared with 90 g for the control diet. Cactus, therefore, can be used as a food supplement and water resource.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512236
title: Elephant grass silages with or without wilting, with cassava meal in silage production

description: SUMMARY The experiment was developed to evaluate the effects of wilting and inclusion of cassava meal level on nutritive value, fermentative characteristics and losses of elephant grass silage. The 4 x 2 factorial scheme was adopted, with four repetitions, in a completely randomized design. The factors evaluated were wilting (without and with) and cassava meal level (0; 7.5; 15 and 22.5% of natural matter, DN). PVC silos with 50 cm height and 10 cm diameter were used for silages production, which were opened after 60 days. The wilting and cassava meal addition had increasing linear effect on DM content. Silages with cassava meal showed reduction of total nitrogen, ether extract, acid detergent insoluble nitrogen, neutral detergent fiber ash and protein free, acid detergent fiber, celluloses, hemicelluloses and lignin contents and increase of organic matter content, DM in vitro digestibility and total digestible nutrients. Relative to variables inherent to silages’ fermentative characteristics, pH presented quadratic behavior. Concerning to ammonia nitrogen, it was observed quadratic and decreasing linear behavior for silages without and with wilting, respectively. Wilting and cassava meal inclusion provided smaller effluent losses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512236.v1
title: Elephant grass silages with or without wilting, with cassava meal in silage production

description: SUMMARY The experiment was developed to evaluate the effects of wilting and inclusion of cassava meal level on nutritive value, fermentative characteristics and losses of elephant grass silage. The 4 x 2 factorial scheme was adopted, with four repetitions, in a completely randomized design. The factors evaluated were wilting (without and with) and cassava meal level (0; 7.5; 15 and 22.5% of natural matter, DN). PVC silos with 50 cm height and 10 cm diameter were used for silages production, which were opened after 60 days. The wilting and cassava meal addition had increasing linear effect on DM content. Silages with cassava meal showed reduction of total nitrogen, ether extract, acid detergent insoluble nitrogen, neutral detergent fiber ash and protein free, acid detergent fiber, celluloses, hemicelluloses and lignin contents and increase of organic matter content, DM in vitro digestibility and total digestible nutrients. Relative to variables inherent to silages’ fermentative characteristics, pH presented quadratic behavior. Concerning to ammonia nitrogen, it was observed quadratic and decreasing linear behavior for silages without and with wilting, respectively. Wilting and cassava meal inclusion provided smaller effluent losses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519232
title: Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga

description: SUMMARY This study aimed to verify the influence of months on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of pasture and forage selected by goats in the semiarid region of Brazil’s Pernambuco state. Six male goats fistulated in the rumen were used in a completely randomized design. Forage collection was conducted in herbaceous and shrub/tree layers, in order to simulate goat grazing, and materials were separated into leaves and branches. Extrusa and pasture collections were held in November, January and February/March. There was collection month (P &lt;0.05) effect for pasture on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), with average values of 458.27g/kg NM and 155.46, 521.30 and 390.13g/kg DM, respectively. For the stem (P &lt;0.05) for DM, Organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), ethereal stratum (EE), ADF, acid detergent unavailable protein (AIP), total carbohydrates (TCHO) and dry matter in vitro digestibility (DMIVD), with average values of 487.47g/kg NM and 930.80, 69.07, 20.67, 440.30 and 63.78g/kg DM, respectively. About the extrusa, there was collection time effect (P &lt;0.05) on the DM, OM, MM, CP, EE, AIP, TCHO, Non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and DMIVD, with average values of 84.53g/kg DM, 863.03, 136.97, 152.90, 33.60, 14.07, 676.37 and 55.35g/kg DM, respectively. Rainfall changes in the rainy season in the caatinga altered pasture quality, causing changes in the diet selected by goats, mainly in DM, CP, CNF and DMIVD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519232.v1
title: Influence of the period of year on the chemical composition and digestibility of pasture and fodder selected by goats in caatinga

description: SUMMARY This study aimed to verify the influence of months on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of pasture and forage selected by goats in the semiarid region of Brazil’s Pernambuco state. Six male goats fistulated in the rumen were used in a completely randomized design. Forage collection was conducted in herbaceous and shrub/tree layers, in order to simulate goat grazing, and materials were separated into leaves and branches. Extrusa and pasture collections were held in November, January and February/March. There was collection month (P &lt;0.05) effect for pasture on dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), with average values of 458.27g/kg NM and 155.46, 521.30 and 390.13g/kg DM, respectively. For the stem (P &lt;0.05) for DM, Organic matter (OM), mineral matter (MM), ethereal stratum (EE), ADF, acid detergent unavailable protein (AIP), total carbohydrates (TCHO) and dry matter in vitro digestibility (DMIVD), with average values of 487.47g/kg NM and 930.80, 69.07, 20.67, 440.30 and 63.78g/kg DM, respectively. About the extrusa, there was collection time effect (P &lt;0.05) on the DM, OM, MM, CP, EE, AIP, TCHO, Non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and DMIVD, with average values of 84.53g/kg DM, 863.03, 136.97, 152.90, 33.60, 14.07, 676.37 and 55.35g/kg DM, respectively. Rainfall changes in the rainy season in the caatinga altered pasture quality, causing changes in the diet selected by goats, mainly in DM, CP, CNF and DMIVD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511804
title: Microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of the water used to Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum species, in Maranhão State

description: SUMMARY Brazil has favorable hydrographic and climatic conditions for the development of fish farming. The success of this activity depends on the quality of the water, since it directly influences its productivity. Therefore, in order to verify the microbiological and physico - chemical characteristics of the water in the creation of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) species in fish farming in São Bento, a municipality located in the. State, 16 water samples from six fish farms were evaluated for the physical parameters (Temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, color, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate and nitrite) and microbiological (coliforms and heterotrophic mesophilic bacteria). According to the findings, all samples were contaminated by total and thermotolerant coliforms, 13 (77.15%) were outside the standards recommended by the legislation. As for the mesophilic aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, the mean counts ranged from 30.6 x 102 to 4.7 x 104 CFU / mL. As for the physical-chemical parameters, it was verified that the temperature ranged from 27.4°C to 30°C; PH 5.0 to 8.2; Transparency ranged from 0 to 46 cm; Turbidity from 12 to 1,251 NTU, the color from 0 to 666.50 UH; Dissolved oxygen from 7.1 to 14.7 mg / L; Alkalinity of 17.5 to 412 mg / L; Hardness from 14.6 to 1027.8 mg / L; Nitrate from 1 to 160 mg / L and nitrite from 0.01 to 0.45 mg / L. The findings show that the water of fish farms has inadequate microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics for fish farming.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511804.v1
title: Microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of the water used to Tambaqui Colossoma macropomum species, in Maranhão State

description: SUMMARY Brazil has favorable hydrographic and climatic conditions for the development of fish farming. The success of this activity depends on the quality of the water, since it directly influences its productivity. Therefore, in order to verify the microbiological and physico - chemical characteristics of the water in the creation of the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) species in fish farming in São Bento, a municipality located in the. State, 16 water samples from six fish farms were evaluated for the physical parameters (Temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, color, alkalinity, hardness, nitrate and nitrite) and microbiological (coliforms and heterotrophic mesophilic bacteria). According to the findings, all samples were contaminated by total and thermotolerant coliforms, 13 (77.15%) were outside the standards recommended by the legislation. As for the mesophilic aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, the mean counts ranged from 30.6 x 102 to 4.7 x 104 CFU / mL. As for the physical-chemical parameters, it was verified that the temperature ranged from 27.4°C to 30°C; PH 5.0 to 8.2; Transparency ranged from 0 to 46 cm; Turbidity from 12 to 1,251 NTU, the color from 0 to 666.50 UH; Dissolved oxygen from 7.1 to 14.7 mg / L; Alkalinity of 17.5 to 412 mg / L; Hardness from 14.6 to 1027.8 mg / L; Nitrate from 1 to 160 mg / L and nitrite from 0.01 to 0.45 mg / L. The findings show that the water of fish farms has inadequate microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics for fish farming.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519463.v1
title: Accuracy of two hand-held electronic devices for determination of blood β-hydroxybutyrate in dairy cows

description: SUMMARY The cowside determination of blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is an important tool for diagnosing subclinical ketosis in dairy cattle. Portable methods to measure BHB have been introduced in the past years. This study evaluated the accuracy of two hand-held electronic devices for blood determination of BHB in dairy cows at early postpartum. A total of 98 blood samples were collected from dairy cows in the first month of lactation and tested with FreeStyle Optium (FSO, Abbott) and KetoVet (KVE, TaiDoc) portable devices according to the manufacturer instructions. Spectrophotometric BHB analysis (Ranbut, Randox) was used as standard method. The incidence of subclinical ketosis was 37.7 % determined by the standard method, 40.8 % determined by the FSO system and 42.8 % detected with the KVE system. The sensitivity and specificity indexes were 88.1% and 98.4% for FSO and 78.7% and 92.4% for KVE, respectively. The Pearson´s correlation coefficients comparing the portable devices to the standard technique were 0.96 for FSO and 0.93 for KVE. No significant difference in BHB values was found between the two portable tests and the standard method. Predictive values (PV) were better using FSO (positive PV 97.3 %, negative PV 92.4%) than using KVE (positive PV 88.1 %, negative PV 85.9 %). Passing-Bablok regressions revealed good agreement between methods. Though FSO system had a better performance than KVE system, the results suggest that the two portable systems have good accuracy and are reliable for measuring BHB.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518290
title: Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil and leaf extracts of Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam. against serotypes of Salmonella

description: SUMMARY The present study aimed to identify and quantify the components of the essential oil of Zanthoxylum caribaeum and to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different plant extracts and the essential oil of this plant against different serotypes of Salmonella enterica, which is of greater occurrence and isolated in the western region of Paraná, Brazil. The extraction of the essential oil was performed using Clevenger apparatus and the chemical composition was determined by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The extracts were obtained through different solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and distilled water). The antibacterial activity was carried out according to the broth microdilution technique. The GC-MS analysis resulted in the identification of 15 main components, all terpenes, representing 63.88% of the total essential oil. The major compounds identified were Germacrene-D (20.77%), a-Panasinsene (14.40 %) and b-Selinene (11.68 %). The essential oil presented antibacterial activity against 5 serotypes of Salmonella enterica, with MIC and MBC ranging from 7000 to 437 μg.mL-1. While MIC and MBC from the range from 200 to 25 mg.mL-1, being effective to most serotypes of S. enterica, with the exception of the aqueous extract. The results suggest that the essential oil and leaf extracts of Z. caribaeum represent an alternative for the control of S. enterica in the poultry sector, in this way reflecting a new perspective for studies with natural products.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518290.v1
title: Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oil and leaf extracts of Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam. against serotypes of Salmonella

description: SUMMARY The present study aimed to identify and quantify the components of the essential oil of Zanthoxylum caribaeum and to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of different plant extracts and the essential oil of this plant against different serotypes of Salmonella enterica, which is of greater occurrence and isolated in the western region of Paraná, Brazil. The extraction of the essential oil was performed using Clevenger apparatus and the chemical composition was determined by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The extracts were obtained through different solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and distilled water). The antibacterial activity was carried out according to the broth microdilution technique. The GC-MS analysis resulted in the identification of 15 main components, all terpenes, representing 63.88% of the total essential oil. The major compounds identified were Germacrene-D (20.77%), a-Panasinsene (14.40 %) and b-Selinene (11.68 %). The essential oil presented antibacterial activity against 5 serotypes of Salmonella enterica, with MIC and MBC ranging from 7000 to 437 μg.mL-1. While MIC and MBC from the range from 200 to 25 mg.mL-1, being effective to most serotypes of S. enterica, with the exception of the aqueous extract. The results suggest that the essential oil and leaf extracts of Z. caribaeum represent an alternative for the control of S. enterica in the poultry sector, in this way reflecting a new perspective for studies with natural products.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519463
title: Accuracy of two hand-held electronic devices for determination of blood β-hydroxybutyrate in dairy cows

description: SUMMARY The cowside determination of blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is an important tool for diagnosing subclinical ketosis in dairy cattle. Portable methods to measure BHB have been introduced in the past years. This study evaluated the accuracy of two hand-held electronic devices for blood determination of BHB in dairy cows at early postpartum. A total of 98 blood samples were collected from dairy cows in the first month of lactation and tested with FreeStyle Optium (FSO, Abbott) and KetoVet (KVE, TaiDoc) portable devices according to the manufacturer instructions. Spectrophotometric BHB analysis (Ranbut, Randox) was used as standard method. The incidence of subclinical ketosis was 37.7 % determined by the standard method, 40.8 % determined by the FSO system and 42.8 % detected with the KVE system. The sensitivity and specificity indexes were 88.1% and 98.4% for FSO and 78.7% and 92.4% for KVE, respectively. The Pearson´s correlation coefficients comparing the portable devices to the standard technique were 0.96 for FSO and 0.93 for KVE. No significant difference in BHB values was found between the two portable tests and the standard method. Predictive values (PV) were better using FSO (positive PV 97.3 %, negative PV 92.4%) than using KVE (positive PV 88.1 %, negative PV 85.9 %). Passing-Bablok regressions revealed good agreement between methods. Though FSO system had a better performance than KVE system, the results suggest that the two portable systems have good accuracy and are reliable for measuring BHB.