cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2014.26
title: LIQUEFACTION COUNTERMEASURE METHODS USING A COMBINATION OF PILES AND RAFT FOUNDATIONS

description: Saturated loose sandy ground is easily liquefied and damaged during earthquake shaking. In recent years, seismic design that takes into account liquefaction has become required in various kinds of standard specifications. Some countermeasures for liquefaction have been developed, including soil improvement techniques and seismic reinforcement using piles. This paper reports on liquefaction countermeasure methods using a combination of piles and raft foundations. Raft foundations with sallow soil improvement could reduce the differential settlement of building. The piles could share parts of lateral loading during sand liquefaction and reduce the shear deformation of the ground surrounded by piles. The purpose of this research is to understand the lateral-loading share ratio of piles and shear-deformation reduction rate of ground with different pile spacings. It will attempt to solve engineering questions on designing piles foundations against sand liquefaction, both in simplified terms and in terms of providing a basic understanding for appropriate analytical platforms. The performance of piles in liquefying ground under lateral loading is a complex problem, so to simplify it, our research is two-fold: 1) the lateral-loading share ratio of piles, and 2) shear deformations reduction rate of ground. This paper focuses on the first part: the lateral-loading share ratio of piles.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2014.27
title: GROUND DISPLACEMENT BEHAVIORS CONSIDERING UNSTEADY SEEPAGE FLOW AND NON-LINEAR DEFORMATION

description: One major concern for excavation projects is the ground displacement generated around the excavated zone. In this paper, a 2-dimensional model analysis was made on non-linear ground behavior around excavation due to unsteady seepage of groundwater, taking into account the saturated-unsaturated theory by using Toyo-ura sand. The finite-element method and finite-different method were employed to study the space problem and time dimension, respectively. The numerical simulation code implemented by FORTRAN was applied to predict the flow-velocity distribution and the results of ground displacement. To validate the programming, a simple model was tested for comparison with tri-axial test data. The samples were made of Toyo-ura sand with a relative density of 90%. The programming also calculated flow-velocity distribution and ground displacement results of dewatering in excavation work over time. Results showed that the effect of horizontal displacement caused by seepage flow plays a very important role in the displacement field. This numerical simulation method provides a more reasonable computing scheme compared to traditional methods. All have theoretical meaning and applicable value, and also present useful references for the excavation stability and disaster prediction.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.80
title: Evaluation of greenhouse gas emission from residential buildings in Thailand

description: Apart from energy sector, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission from the construction industry has become more significant especially indirect GHGs from carbon embedded in construction materials. This paper presents the evaluation of GHGs from construction materials in different residential buildings such as detached houses with different styles (contemporary, modern and Thai modern houses) and low-rise and high-rise condominiums in Bangkok. The concept of carbon footprint was applied in this study to evaluate how much GHG emitted from construction process. The activity data were extracted from floor plans and Bill of Quantities (BOQ) of 42 houses and 12 condominiums. The GHG emissions in the unit of kgCO2 e/m2 were calculated in the scope of cradle to gate, following Thai national guideline for carbon footprint of product and Thai national life cycle inventory database (TGO, 2011). The high-rise condominium built from precast concrete emitted the highest GHGs (326.77 ? 22.01 kgCO2e/m2). While the Thai-modern house built from half wood-half concrete emitted the lowest GHGs (2.47 ? 36.37 kgCO2e/m2) due to the large carbon offset from wooden construction materials.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.81
title: An enhancement of the daylighting from side-window using two-section venetian blind

description: In the tropics, daylighting from a side window requires shading to intercept direct sunlight from entering the window whilst allowing penetration of daylight from sky. Daylighting from a double-pane glazed window with enclosed horizontal slats has long been investigated under different climates and locations. In this paper, a double-pane window with the slats that were separated into two sections (lower and upper sections) was investigated for its daylight application in tropical climate. A series of full-scale experiments and simulations were conducted under real tropical skies and by which the slats in each section were tilted to different angles. Through the yearly simulations, performance of the two-section slat window was evaluated in terms of "useful daylight illuminance" (UDI), average interior daylight illuminance (ADI), and reduced light power density (LPD) of a dimmable lighting system. The results show that the two-section slat window can enhance the daylight use in the building by increasing more useful daylight illuminance, and providing better uniformity of the interior daylight distribution than the single-section slat window.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.82
title: Rationale for studying encouragement of energy efficiency amongst new modern energy consumers in the Mekong region

description: Energy efficiency improvements offer multiple benefits, such as reduced household energy expenditure and improved productivity, thus contributing to economic growth. Energy efficiency (EE) also results in reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and enhanced energy security. For developing countries, EE could make modern energy services available at a faster pace and at lower costs to those who currently lack access to electricity. New modern energy consumers, i.e. those who are connected to the electricity grid with daily incomes of US$ 2 to 5, are expected to account for a large share of the expected increase in energy demand and thus GHG emissions in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (also known as GMS: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam). However, this target group does not exist in OECD countries and for that reason there are few examples of EE policies that can be replicated and/ or adapted to the GMS. Furthermore, effective implementation of energy policies remains a key challenge in GMS and other countries of the developing world. This paper describes the rationale for research that will investigate EE amongst "New Modern Energy Consumers" in the Greater Mekong Sub-region in order to improve policy design and implementation of EE measures.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.83
title: Influence of thermal treatment on PtAu/C catalyst for glycerol electrooxidation in alkaline media

description: The Au-based catalysts were prepared by using polyvinyl alcohol protected method. The physical and electrochemical properties of the as-prepared catalysts were measured. The catalytic activity and stability of the PtAu/C catalysts toward glycerol electrooxidation were measured using cyclic voltammetric and chronoamperometric methods. To promote the alloy formation between Au and Pt, heat treatment of the catalyst was performed with PtAu/C in a temperature range of 300-700?C at a heating rate of 10?C/min of under nitrogen atmosphere. The alloying degree of the heat-treated catalyst increased with increasing heat treatment temperature. Consequently, the significant enhancement of the onset potential of glycerol oxidation was achieved for the catalyst treated at 700?C. Moreover, The H-300 PtAu/C catalyst exhibited the lowest decay rate. However, the heat treatment also promoted sintering phenomenon of the metal particles leading to the decrease of the maximum current density. Therefore, the untreated PtAu/C showed higher performance than the heat-treated one.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.84
title: Numerical simulation and experimental validation of PEMFC

description: This work presents Computational Fluid Dynamic model development with 100 cm2 active area of multi-serpentine flow channel for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). Single Cell PEMFC test station was established in order to validate numerical result. Most input parameters were obtained by experimental measurement and literature survey. However some parameters such as reference exchange current density was fitted to calibrate model result as well as surface volume ratio of catalyst layer had been adjusted. The result of numerical model shows good agreement with experiment in terms of polarization curve. Moreover several reaction transport results have been explored through the simulation. This research aim to develop fundamental understanding of transport phenomena in order to gain insight complex coupled process taking place in PEMFC as well as to aid further optimization in design process.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.85
title: An application of resonant inverters for hysteresis-loop measurement

description: This paper presents an application of a resonant inverter for hysteresis loop measurement of a ferrite core. The series resonant inverter is used as a replacement of the commonly used linear power amplifier where the bias current level is limited. The proposed system is design to measure a hysteresis loop of a ferromagnetic material at high frequency. The maximum flux density (Bm) and maximum magnetic field intensity (Hm) of a ferrite core is obtained through variation of the input voltage and frequency. A comparison of the experimental results and the specifications from the manufacturer is provided.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.86
title: Examination of carbon fiber production from the extracts produced from the solvent treatment of biomass

description: A production of carbon fiber by using a Soluble-based precursor, a low-molecular-weight compound extracted from a degradative solvent extraction process of rice straw, was examined in this study. The procedure of carbon fiber production started from improvement of softening point of the Soluble, melt spinning, followed by stabilization and carbonization steps. During spinning, three collecting speeds were varied; 600, 800 and 1000 rpm. Based on 100 wt% of Soluble, it was found that the average yields of the spun fibers after experiencing stabilization step and carbonization step were around 69.7-70.0 wt% and 33.7-34.2 wt%, respectively. The average diameters of the spun fibers were found to reduce with increasing spinning speed; 11.6, 11.0 and 9.6 ?m for the fibers spun at 600, 800 and 1000 rpm, respectively. The tensile strength distributions of each spun fiber condition were shown to vary showing in the ranges of 578.2 MPa, 551.6 MPa and 626.3 MPa for the spinning speeds of 600, 800 and 1000 rpm, respectively. These preprimary results were judged to show a good potential for the carbon fiber production from the Soluble extracted from rice straw.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.87
title: On the economic prospects of alternative powertrains in car transport

description: Passenger cars are one of the largest producers of carbon dioxide. These emissions could be significantly reduced with the increasing use of alternative powertrains. However, alternative technologies especially battery electric vehicles and fuel cell cars are currently very expensive and not competitive with conventional cars. This paper investigates the long-term prospects of environmental friendly alternative powertrains in a dynamic framework up to 2050 for average conditions of EU-15 countries. We conduct a dynamic technical and economic analysis and investigate when in the future these vehicles could become under favorable conditions economically competitive. To evaluate the economics we calculate the transport service costs per 100 kilometers driven. The major conclusions of this analysis are: With respect to the economic competitiveness of alternative powertrains compared to conventional vehicles in the most favorable case (long distance driven cars) battery electric vehicles will enter the market by about 2025. Fuel cell vehicles powered by hydrogen will become competitive later, by about 2040. However, the major uncertainty is technological learning especially in the case of batteries and fuel cells.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.88
title: Steam gasification of iron-loaded biochar and subbituminous coal mixture

description: This study aims to investigate the effect of the addition of the iron-loaded biomass pyrolysate (Fe-biochar) on the steam gasification of Indonesian Adaro sub-bituminous coal. The amount of hydrogen evolved from the steam gasification of the mixture of Fe-biochar and Adaro coal at 800?C for 60 min was much higher than that from the steam gasification of iron-loaded Adaro coal. From the result that the specific reaction rate did not decrease during the steam gasification of the mixture of Fe-biochar and Adaro coal, the iron catalyst on the biochar was found to be relatively stable in the steam gasification. The activity of iron catalyst was discussed by the differences in the chemical form and the crystallite size of iron catalyst.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.89
title: Selective removal of organic sulfur in fuels

description: In a series of studies on precleaning technology based on sulfur forms, an advanced desulfurization process that can be carried out under mild conditions has been developed for the production of clean sulfur-free fuel. The selectivity of adsorption of various metal compounds to thiols, sulfides, and thiophenes in a model fuel at room temperature was investigated. Among the studies metal compounds, lead oxide showed the highest selectivity to aliphatic and aromatic thiols. For the extraction of thiophenic sulfur selectively from the fuel, halogen-free ionic liquids with different alkyl chain lengths were prepared. The extraction yield of dibenzothiophene increased linearly with an increase in the length of alkyl chains and mass ratio of the ionic liquid to the model fuel.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.90
title: Longan drying using microwave-hot air and microwave-vacuum

description: Dried longan Thai economic product with an export revenue of 4,026.3 million baht in 2013, is traditionally produced by a hot air drying method, which takes more drying times and deteriorates qualities of the dried product. To improve the qualities of dried longan, alternative drying techniques, i.e. microwave combined with hot air (MHD) and microwave under vacuum pressure (MVD) were proposed in this study. Longans (Dor variety) were dried from the initial moisture content of 360-400% (d.b.) to the intermediate moisture content of 70% (d.b.) with MHD and MVD, and then further dried by only hot air to the final moisture content of 20% (d.b.) Temperature of hot air with velocity of 0.3 m/s and recycled air of 80% was set at 65 ? C and vacuum pressure was set at10 kPa. The effect of microwave power at 100, 125 and 150 W on longan drying kinetics and qualities of dried longan in terms of color as well as drying energy were studied. Comparison to hot air drying, it was found that the MHD and MVD reduced drying time and specific energy consumption as well as produced dried longan with less redness and yellowness but more lightness.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.91
title: Optimization of hydrogen production from a sorption-enhanced steam reforming process

description: The sorption-enhanced steam reforming is considered to be a suitable process for hydrogen production. By adding solid calcium oxide (CaO) to a reformer, carbon dioxide (CO2) is removed via a carbonation reaction and the yield of hydrogen is improved. The aim of this study is to find the optimal operating conditions of the sorption-enhanced steam reforming process using methanol as a hydrogen source. The fixed-bed reactor model in flowsheet simulator is applied to explain the sorption-enhanced steam reforming based on the kinetics of methanol steam reforming, methanol decomposition, water gas shift reaction and carbonation reaction. The sensitivity analyses of primary parameters of the sorptionenhanced steam reformer were performed and the obtained results were used for the optimization task with the aim to find its optimal operating conditions to maximize hydrogen yield with the presence of CO in the hydrogen product below 10 ppm. It was founded that the sorption-enhanced steam reformer should be run at the temperature of 347?C and steam-to-carbon feed ratio of 1.78. The maximum hydrogen yield of 3 mole hydrogen per mole methanol used is achieved and the CO content in the hydrogen product is less than 10 ppm. However, the net heat input required for the sorption-enhanced steam reforming process is about 52% higher than a conventional steam reforming process due to the combustion unit for CaO regeneration.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.92
title: Effects of the geometry of the air flowfield on the performance of an open-cathode PEMFC

description: The present work performed an experimental study on a forced-air open-cathode PEMFC. The aim of this work is focused on the effect of the geometry, in terms of the flow area and the shape, of the cathode channel on the performance of the PEMFC. The single-cell open-cathode PEMFC with the active area of 100 cm2 is designed and fabricated for the study. A fan is used to supply an adequate flow rate for cooling and chemical reaction as well as to supply the pressure to overcome the pressure drop across the air flow channel. At low current density, the same performance was found regardless of the flow area and the aspect ratio. The performance at 0.6 V is about 180 mA/cm2. At higher current density, the performance increases with the higher aspect ratio. In contrast, the different flow areas exhibit mostly insignificant effect on the performance of the fuel cell. However, the larger flow area is more preferable due to the net system efficiency and the lower production cost.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.93
title: The co-flow planar anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell micro-scale model

description: Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are of great interest due to their high energy efficiency, low emission level, and multiple fuel utilization. In this study, a mathematical model of a co-flow planar anode-supported SOFC has been developed. The model simultaneously solves mass transport equations coupled with electrochemical reaction, as well as transportation of electrons and ions through the respective spherical shaped electron and ion conducting particles inside the electrodes. The influence of electrode microstructure on cell performance was investigated. The investigation confirmed the strong effects of microstructure geometry, especially the electrochemical active surface area (Av), on the SOFC performance. The largest Av is achieved when the size and solid volumetric fraction of ion and electron conducting particles are equal. The model was validated with existing experimental results from the available literature.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.94
title: Experiments on lignite combustion in a circulating fluidized-bed reactor

description: In this study, a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) (0.15 m i.d. and 5.4 m high) was used to investigate the combustion characteristics, including riser temperature, major pollutant emissions (CO, SO2 and NO) and combustion efficiency, of Thai lignite. The combustion experiments were carried out at different excess air ratios (?0 = 0.97-1.50). The experimental results from combustion tests demonstrate that either or both the resulted change in the riser temperature in the CFB riser and the O2 availability for combustion affected the combustion efficiency (Ec) and formation of CO, SO2 and NO. The combustion efficiency varies between 96.0-97.4% depending on the excess air ratio.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.95
title: Glass Ceramics Seals for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

description: In this paper, several silicate glass ceramics with thermal expansion coefficients ranging from about 5 x10-6 to 12x10-6/oC have been assessed as sealing for SOFCs. Glass ceramics with thermal expansions close to YSZ and GDC10 solid oxide electrolytes were selected for electrical property measurement and development of hermetic seals. Small addition of zirconia up to 0.4 mole % to barium calcium alumina borosilicate glass compositions confers beneficial effect to the development of hermetic seals without covering the surface of the fuel cell element. This has enabled the power density of single fuel cell elements to be evaluated. The thermal expansion and the insulating behaviour of the sealing materials in moist oxidising and reducing environments are presented and discussed in relation to the microstructures evolved.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2014.28
title: DEVELOPMENT OF A SEISMIC FITTING FOR WOODEN BUILDINGS

description: Japanese wooden buildings are vulnerable to large earthquakes, and ensuring their seismic safety is a significant issue. However, many owners of wooden buildings hesitate to install seismic reinforcement because of the long construction period and high expense. There are many sliding doors in wooden buildings, which can be used for efficient seismic reinforcement. The objective of this study is to develop a seismic fitting for Japanese wooden buildings. Full-scale lateral loading tests were conducted for wooden frames that include a seismic fitting. The fittings can be constructed quickly and at a low cost. The parameters of the full-scale lateral loading tests were chosen in order to examine the effect of the fitting and the restriction condition surrounding a fitting on the seismic performance of a wooden frame. The relationships between the lateral load and deformation angle, the collapse mechanism, and the quantitative effect of seismic reinforcement for a wooden frame were clarified. From the results of the full-scale tests, it is found that the lift up of a seismic fitting should be restricted by a hanging wall for the seismic reinforcement of wooden frames.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2014.29
title: CONSTRUCTION DEFECTS IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDING PROJECTS: PILOT STUDY

description: A vast number of studies about construction defects have been published in different countries, confirming that construction defects are a global issue. This problem often adversely affects the budgets, timing, and quality of construction projects. The lack of understanding about which construction tasks are prone to defects make implementation more uncertain and increases the chances of defects. This study seeks to identify and understand the behavior and pattern of task actions that are more prone to defects through the anatomy process of a specific task. The first objective in this study was to identify, track, and record construction defects during the execution of a number of actions within a specified task. The second objective was quantifying which actions are more prone to construction defects and determining the reasons why. Fifteen case studies were conducted on residential buildings, which included 45 items focusing on the column sub-task. Initial results suggest that some actions within specific sub-tasks are more susceptible to defects. This research aims to improve the understanding of construction defects and solutions, enhance cost controls, reduce time overruns, and improve execution quality.