DOI: 10.15468/w3pkdy
title: MaNgROVIVIRga CUNICULI gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from bioturbated Red Sea mangrove sediment, and proposal of the novel family MaNgROVIVIRgaCeae fam. nov.

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Sefrji, Fatmah O., Michoud, Grégoire, Marasco, Ramona, Merlino, Giuseppe, Daffonchio, Daniele (2021): MaNgROVIVIRga CUNICULI gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from bioturbated Red Sea mangrove sediment, and proposal of the novel family MaNgROVIVIRgaCeae fam. nov. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (004866) 71 (7): 1-11, DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004866, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.004866AbstractA strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain R1 DC 9 T, was isolated from sediments of a mangrove stand on the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia via diffusion chamber cultivation. Strain R1 DC 9 T grew at 20–40 °C (optimum, 37°C), pH 6–10 (optimum, pH 8) and 3–11% NaCl (optimum, 7 –9%) in the cultivation medium. The genome of R1 DC 9 T was 4661901 bp long and featured a G+C content of 63.1mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence and whole-genome multilocus sequence analysis using 120 concatenated single-copy genes revealed that R1 DC 9 T represents a distinct lineage in the order Cytophagales and the phylum Bacteroidetes separated from the Roseivirgaceae and Marivirgaceae families. R1 DC 9 T displayed 90 and 89% 16S rRNA gene sequence identities with Marivirga sericea DSM 4125 T and Roseivirga ehrenbergii KMM 6017 T, respectively. The predominant quinone was MK7. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown phospholipids and two unknown lipids. The predominant cellular fatty acids were the saturated branch chain fatty acids iso-C 15:0, iso-C 17:0 3-OH and iso-C 17:0, along with a low percentage of the monounsaturated fatty acid C 16:1 ω 5 c. Based on differences in phenotypic, physiological and biochemical characteristics from known relatives, and the results of phylogenetic analyses, R1 DC 9 T (=KCTC 72349 T =JCM 33609 T =NCCB 100698 T) is proposed to represent a novel species in a new genus, and the name Mangrovivirga cuniculi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The distinct phylogenetic lineage among the families in the order Cytophagales indicates that R1 DC 9 T represents a new family for which the name Mangrovivirgaceae fam. nov. is proposed.Mangroves represent one of the most productive ecosystems, playing an important role in nutrient cycling and energy flow at the dynamic interface between land and sea [1, 2]. Mangrove sediments harbour an enormous microbial biomass (1× 109 –1× 1011 cells per gram of sediment [3, 4]) rich in functional and phylogenetic diversity [5 – 7]. Bacteroidetes account for a significant fraction of the bacterial community (i.e., 5–45% in mangrove sediments and contiguous environmental niches such as mangrove plant tissues [6 – 10]), indicating their importance in marine ecosystems, similar to other coastal and offshore sediments, seawater and hydrothermal vents [11 – 14].The phylum Bacteroidetes comprises four classes: Bacteroidia, Flavobacteriia, Sphingobacteriia and Cytophagia [15]. The taxonomy of this last class—including only the order Cytophagales —was recently revised with the inclusion of the families Cesiribacteraceae, Flexibacteraceae, Fulvivirgaceae, Marivirgaceae, Reichenbachiellaceae, Roseivirgaceae and Thermoflexibacteraceae [16 – 21]. Notably, the number of recognized genera in the phylum Bacteroidetes has increased exponentially [22 – 25], suggesting that this phylum contains untapped diversity.In this study, we describe Mangrovivirga cuniculi gen. nov., sp. nov. (R1 DC 9 T), which was isolated from crab-bioturbated mangrove sediment of the Red Sea coast, as the first representative species of a new genus (Mangrovivirga) and family (Mangrovivirgaceae) within the order Cytophagales.