cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.60008mj
title: Data from: Bacterial communities within Phengaris (Maculinea) alcon caterpillars are shifted following transition from solitary living to social parasitism of Myrmica ant colonies

description: Bacterial symbionts are known to facilitate a wide range of physiological
 processes and ecological interactions for their hosts. In spite of this,
 caterpillars with highly diverse life histories appear to lack resident
 microbiota. Gut physiology, endogenous digestive enzymes, and limited
 social interactions may contribute to this pattern, but the consequences
 of shifts in social activity and diet on caterpillar microbiota are
 largely unknown. Phengaris alcon caterpillars undergo particularly
 dramatic social and dietary shifts when they parasitize Myrmica ant
 colonies, rapidly transitioning from solitary herbivory to ant tending
 (i.e., receiving protein‐rich regurgitations through trophallaxis). This
 unique life history provides a model for studying interactions between
 social living, diet, and caterpillar microbiota. Here, we characterized
 and compared bacterial communities within P. alcon caterpillars before and
 after their association with ants, using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and
 quantitative PCR. After being adopted by ants, bacterial communities
 within P. alcon caterpillars shifted substantially, with a significant
 increase in alpha diversity and greater consistency in bacterial community
 composition in terms of beta dissimilarity. We also characterized the
 bacterial communities within their host ants (Myrmica schencki), food
 plant (Gentiana cruciata), and soil from ant nest chambers. These data
 indicated that the aforementioned patterns were influenced by bacteria
 derived from caterpillars’ surrounding environments, rather than through
 transfers from ants. Thus, while bacterial communities are substantially
 reorganized over the life cycle of P. alcon caterpillars, it appears that
 they do not rely on transfers of bacteria from host ants to complete their
 development.
description: 16S amplicon sequencing
 and qPCR dataThis archive contains 1)
 raw Illumina MiSeq reads (300bp, PE, Reagent Kit v3) for all bacterial 16S
 V3/V4 amplicons used in our study, 2) metadata for each sample/individual,
 formatted as a QIIME 1.9 mapping file, 3) preprocessed data and .biom
 tables used to generate our results using phyloseq 1.22.3, and 4) raw data
 from qPCR analyses used to generate our results. We used two databases,
 greengenes 13_8 and SILVA NR Small Subunit v128 to assign taxonomy in our
 study; the filenames of preprocessed data include the database used to
 generate each file.Szenteczki_et_al_P_alcon_16S_sequencing_and_qPCR_data.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6bm4228
title: Data from: Trophy hunting mediates sex-specific associations between early-life environmental conditions and adult mortality in bighorn sheep

description: 1. Environmental conditions during early development, from conception to
 sexual maturity, can have lasting consequences on fitness components.
 Although adult lifespan often accounts for much of the variation in
 fitness in long-lived animals, we know little about how early environment
 affects adult lifespan in the wild, and even less about whether these
 effects differ between the sexes. 2. Using data collected over 45 years
 from wild bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), we investigated the effects of
 early environment on adult mortality in both sexes, distinguishing between
 natural and anthropogenic sources of mortality. 3. We used the average
 body mass of yearlings (at about 15 months of age) as a yearly index of
 environmental quality. We first examined sex differences in natural
 mortality responses to early environment by censoring harvested males in
 the year they were shot. We then investigated sex differences in the
 effects of early environment on overall mortality (natural and hunting
 mortality combined). Finally, we used path analysis to separate the direct
 influence of early environment from indirect influences, mediated by age
 at first reproduction, adult mass and horn length. 4. As early
 environmental conditions improved, natural adult mortality decreased in
 both sexes, although for males the effect was not statistically supported.
 Sex differences in the effects of early environment on adult mortality
 were detected only when natural and hunting mortality were pooled. Males
 that experienced favorable early environment had longer horns as adults
 and died earlier because of trophy hunting, which does not mimic natural
 mortality. Females that experienced favorable early environment started to
 reproduce earlier and early primiparity was associated with reduced
 mortality, suggesting a silver-spoon effect. 5. Our results show that
 early conditions affect males and females differently because of trophy
 hunting. These findings highlight the importance of considering natural
 and anthropogenic environmental factors across different life stages to
 understand sex differences in mortality.
description: Ram Mountain
 dataBoth sheets contain
 longitudinal data collected on male and female bighorn sheep at Ram
 Mountain, Alberta, Canada between 1973 and 2017. The first sheet includes
 data related to natural mortality, while the second sheet includes data
 related to overall (natural + hunting) mortality.data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.686t5s2
title: Data from: Site- and tree-related factors affecting colonization of cork oaks Quercus suber L. by ambrosia beetles in Tunisia

description: Key message: Ambrosia beetles are emerging globally as important agents of
 tree death and decline. In this work, we observed highly variable attack
 intensity by ambrosia beetles in cork oak stands in Tunisia. A correlation
 between the proportion of infested trees and average temperature was
 found. Tree diameter and tree phytosanitary variables further contribute
 to the attack densities of ambrosia beetles. Results can be relevant for
 preventive measures aiming to conserve this natural forest heritage.
 Context: Cork oak woodlands comprise a unique Mediterranean ecosystem
 supporting rich biological diversity and providing multiple services. A
 decline of cork oak forests has been observed in several regions of the
 Mediterranean Basin in the last four decades, which can be related to
 climate change, novel biotic agents, and changes in management practices.
 The ambrosia beetles have been one of the major biotic agents associated
 with cork oak decline, mostly in the western Mediterranean. Aims: Assess
 the presence and attack densities of ambrosia beetles in cork oak Tunisian
 forests. Methods: A total of 15 sites located in North Western of Tunisia,
 comprising 729 sample trees were evaluated. Using generalized linear
 models, the presence and density of ambrosia beetles’ holes were related
 to tree and site variables. Variables related to climate, tree
 (dendrometric parameters, debarking intensity) and biotic agents were
 examined. Results: The proportion of trees attacked per site varied from 0
 to 100%; in four sites it exceeded 50%. At the site level, the average
 temperature and tree diameter were the main variables explaining the
 proportion of attacked trees. Sites with warmer climates showed higher
 incidence of ambrosia beetles. At the tree level, the presence of attacks
 increased with tree diameter and concomitantly with intensity of
 debarking, as well as the presence of tree trunk cavities. Conclusion: The
 presence and density of insect attacks were related to tree diameter, area
 of debarking, and phytosanitary conditions. However, 19% of the trees
 attacked by ambrosia beetles had no signs of other biotic agents or
 decline. At the site level, attack rates increased with temperature and
 tree diameter. A warmer climate may change insect behavior from that of a
 non-agressive pest to that of an agressive bark beetle. Adaptive forest
 management practices are needed to reduce infestations.
description: Data total of trees and
 sites parametersThis is an excel file
 with trees and sites variables collected in 15 studied forests in the
 North of Tunisia.Data_sites-trees.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gh2hh05
title: Data from: Are house sparrow populations limited by the lack of cavities in urbanized landscapes? an experimental test.

description: Current urban policies are associated with deep changes in urban
 structures, which may impoverish urban biodiversity. A major concern is
 the disappearance of nesting sites for wild vertebrate species living in
 urban areas. New urban structures without any cracks or cavities may
 especially preclude cavity nesters from breeding in cities and they may
 cause population declines. In that context, we experimentally investigated
 this question in an urban exploiter bird species (the house sparrow,
 Passer domesticus), which is dramatically declining in most European
 cities. To test if the lack of cavities is limiting house sparrow
 populations in urban areas, we equipped 11 sites along an urbanization
 gradient with nest boxes and we then evaluated the rate of occupancy of
 these nest-boxes. This urbanization gradient was characterized by very
 rural places (isolated farms) and moderately urbanized areas (town of
 medium size, i.e. 60 000 inhabitants). Surprisingly, rural nest boxes were
 more occupied than urban ones, suggesting that cavity availability is
 probably more constraining in rural areas relative to urban ones.
 Therefore, our study suggests that urban house sparrow populations are
 probably not constrained by a lack of nesting sites in medium size cities
 with urban designs similar to our city of interest (Niort, Western
 France). This hypothesis definitely needs now to be tested in further
 urban landscapes (e.g. large cities and urban landscapes with other
 architecture and management policies).
description: Nest box occupancy by
 house sparrows along an urbanization gradientData include
 urbanization score, nest box occupancy rates (%), breeding rates (%) in 11
 sites for two consecutive years.Data
 Angelier_Brischoux-JAvBiol.pdf
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18350409
title: KEYS_BRAND7_5F_2_23C_0k_EDLC_single

description: MetSuperCap Project Dataset

5F SC sample 2

Keysight

Part of the Constant Temperature DataBase
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18350410
title: KEYS_BRAND7_5F_2_23C_0k_EDLC_single

description: MetSuperCap Project Dataset

5F SC sample 2

Keysight

Part of the Constant Temperature DataBase
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f6838bd
title: Data from: Anthrax outbreaks in the humans-livestock and wildlife interface areas of northern Tanzania: a retrospective review 2006 - 2016

description: BACKGROUND: Anthrax outbreaks in Tanzania have been reported from the
 human, livestock and wildlife sectors over several years, and is among the
 notifiable diseases. Despite frequent anthrax outbreaks, there is no
 comprehensive dataset indicating the magnitude and distribution of the
 disease in susceptible species. This study is a retrospective review of
 anthrax outbreaks from the human, livestock, and wildlife surveillance
 systems from 2006 to 2016. The objectives were to identify hotspot
 districts, describe anthrax epidemiology in the hotspot areas, evaluate
 the efficiency of the anthrax response systems and identify potential
 areas for further observational studies. METHODS: We prepared a
 spreadsheet template for a retrospective comprehensive record review at
 different surveillance levels in Tanzania. We captured data elements
 including demographic characteristics of different species, the name of
 health facility, and date of anthrax diagnosis. Also, we collected data on
 the date of specimen collection, species screened, type of laboratory
 test, laboratory results and the outcome recorded at the end of treatment
 in humans. After establishing the database, we produced maps in Quantum
 GIS software and transferred cleaned data to Stata software for supportive
 statistical analysis. RESULTS: Anthrax reported incidences over 4 years in
 humans were much higher in the Arusha region (7.88/100,000) followed by
 Kilimanjaro region (6.64/100,000) than other regions of Tanzania Mainland.
 The health facility based review from hotspot districts in parts of Arusha
 and Kilimanjaro regions from 2006 to 2016, identified 330 human anthrax
 cases from the selected health facilities in the two regions. Out of 161
 livestock and 57 wildlife specimen tested, 103 and 18 respectively, were
 positive for anthrax. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that there is gross
 under-reporting in the existing surveillance systems which is an obstacle
 for estimating a true burden of anthrax in the hotspot districts. Repeated
 occurrences of anthrax in livestock, wildlife and humans in the same
 locations at the same time calls for the need to strengthen links and
 promote inter-disciplinary and multi-sectoral collaboration to enhance
 prevention and control measures under a One Health approach.
description: Research tools _
 Questionnaires for the anthrax PhD project in TanzaniaResearch
 tools.pdf
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.24r7j4j
title: Data from: Ecological niche modeling as a tool for prediction of the potential geographic distribution of Bacillus anthracis spores in Tanzania

description: Introduction: Anthrax is caused by the spore-forming, Gram-positive
 bacterium Bacillus anthracis. The aim of this study was to predict the
 potential distribution of B. anthracis in Tanzania and produce
 epidemiological evidence for the management of anthrax outbreaks in the
 country. Methods: The Maxent algorithm was used to predict areas at risk
 of anthrax outbreaks based on the occurrence and environmental data in
 Arusha and Kilimanjaro regions; the model was later transferred to predict
 the entire country. Seventy percent of the occurrence data were used to
 train the model, while 30% were used for model evaluation. Results: Four
 regions of northern Tanzania are predicted to have a high risk for anthrax
 outbreaks, while the southern and western regions had low-risk areas. Soil
 type (56.5%), soil pH (23.7%), and isothermally (10.4%) were the most
 important variables for the model prediction, and the most significant
 soil types were solonetz, fluvisols, and lithosols. Conclusions: A strong
 risk level across districts of the Tanzania mainland was identified in
 this study. A total of 18 districts in Tanzania Mainland are predicted to
 be at very high risk of an anthrax outbreak occurrence. These findings are
 important for policymakers to effectively mount targeted control measures
 for anthrax outbreaks in Tanzania.
description: Occurrence
 dataPearson correlation
 datasetPoster
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t4s4t9s
title: Data from: Is telomere length a molecular marker of individual quality? insights from a long-lived bird

description: 1. In wild vertebrates, some individuals survive and reproduce better than
 others and this has led to the concept of individual quality. Despite its
 importance when studying ecological processes and life-history trade-offs,
 measuring individual quality is complex because individuals must be
 followed during a large part of their life. 2. Recently, telomere biology
 has been successfully brought into ecology and telomere length has been
 suggested to be a promising molecular tool to evaluate individual quality
 in wild vertebrates (‘the telomere – individual quality hypothesis’). 3.
 In this study, we tested this hypothesis in a long-lived species, the
 Black-browed albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys) by simultaneously
 measuring telomere length and several potential complementary phenotypic
 proxies of individual quality in a single year. In addition, we followed
 the return rate and the reproductive performance of these same albatrosses
 for a decade. 4. We found that long telomeres were associated with several
 markers of high individual quality (foraging behaviour, body size, and
 stress hormone levels). Furthermore, we found that a single measure of
 telomere length could predict future offspring productivity, for at least
 several years following telomere measurement (better productivity being
 associated with longer telomeres). 5. Altogether, these results support
 the ‘telomere – individual quality hypothesis’ and suggest that telomere
 length can be useful to estimate individual quality in long-lived
 seabirds.
description: Relationship between
 telomere length and several markers of indvidual qualitySex of individuals,
 baseline corticosterone levels (ng/ml), telomere length (kbp), body size
 index, duration of a foraging trip (hr), age (year)Data from the paper published
 in Functional Ecology.pdf
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cr65269
title: Data from: Interspecific conflict and the evolution of ineffective rhizobia

description: Microbial symbionts exhibit broad genotypic variation in their fitness
 effects on hosts, leaving hosts vulnerable to costly partnerships.
 Interspecific conflict and partner‐maladaptation are frameworks to explain
 this variation, with different implications for mutualism stability. We
 investigated the mutualist service of nitrogen fixation in a
 metapopulation of root‐nodule forming Bradyrhizobium symbionts in Acmispon
 hosts. We uncovered Bradyrhizobium genotypes that provide negligible
 mutualist services to hosts and had superior in planta fitness during
 clonal infections, consistent with cheater strains that destabilise
 mutualisms. Interspecific conflict was also confirmed at the
 metapopulation level – by a significant negative association between the
 fitness benefits provided by Bradyrhizobium genotypes and their local
 genotype frequencies – indicating that selection favours cheating
 rhizobia. Legumes have mechanisms to defend against rhizobia that fail to
 fix sufficient nitrogen, but these data support predictions that rhizobia
 can subvert plant defenses and evolve to exploit hosts.
description: Table_S1Table S1 Genotypes of Bradyrhizobium isolatesTable_S2Table S2 Table of all isolates included in analyses and associated accession numbers.Table_S3Table S3 Acmispon hosts and inoculation treatmentsTable_S4Table S4 Raw inoculation experiment data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.17pk7v8
title: Data from: Transparency reduces predator detection in mimetic clearwing butterflies

description: 1. Predation is an important selective pressure and some prey have evolved
 conspicuous warning signals that advertise unpalatability (i.e.
 aposematism) as an antipredator defence. Conspicuous colour patterns have
 been shown effective as warning signals, by promoting predator learning
 and memory. Unexpectedly, some butterfly species from the unpalatable
 tribe Ithomiini possess transparent wings, a feature rare on land but
 common in water, known to reduce predator detection. 2. We tested if
 transparency of butterfly wings was associated with decreased
 detectability by predators, by comparing four butterfly species exhibiting
 different degrees of transparency, ranging from fully opaque to largely
 transparent. We tested our prediction using both wild birds and humans in
 behavioural experiments. Vision modelling predicted butterfly
 detectability to be similar for these two predator types. 3. In
 concordance with predictions, the most transparent species were almost
 never found first and were detected less often than the opaque species by
 both birds and humans, suggesting that transparency enhances crypsis.
 However, humans were able to learn to better detect the more transparent
 species over time. 4. Our study demonstrates for the first time that
 transparency on land likely decreases detectability by visual predators.
description: Instructions and data
 filesDataDryad.7z
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3047r3f
title: Data from: Failed predator attacks have detrimental effects on antipredatory capabilities through developmental plasticity in Pelobates cultripes toads

description: 1. How predation events experienced by preys can shape phenotypic traits
 through the ontogenetic development of the interacting species should be a
 key issue in Evolutionary and Conservation Biology. 2. Locomotor
 performance plays a fundamental role on the fitness of many animals,
 mainly because it enhances ability to fleeing from predators. Predators
 represent indeed a capital selective force on prey, mainly because they
 end prey life. However, predators may also damage prey by other means,
 such as injuries caused by failed attacks. This damage can severely affect
 locomotion, among several other aspects of prey fitness. In the case of
 anuran tadpoles, failed predator attacks often result in injured tails,
 which reduces swimming performance. However, little is known about lasting
 effects of those failed attacks on fleeing capabilities after
 metamorphosis. 3. In this work, we clipped 55% tail length of
 pre-tail-resorption stage anaesthetized larval Pelobates cultripes toads,
 and compared metamorph hindlimb length and jump distance with metamorphs
 resulting from anaesthetized and non-anaesthetized non-clipped controls.
 Previous findings showed that this treatment produced metamorphs with
 reduced body condition. 4. Results herein suggest that partial tail loss
 in tadpoles diminishes jumping performance of resultant metamorphs. This
 effect is likely a consequence of tail-clipped tadpoles developing shorter
 hindlimbs as metamorphs, which is parallel to their reduced body
 condition. 5. Therefore, predator attacks in the tail may be less
 potentially mortal than those in the head and body, but have costs in
 terms of an efficient antipredatory response that persist in
 post-metamorphic stage. This effect might compromise metamorph ability to
 survive subsequent predator attacks.
description: FEZamora-CamachoST1
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3ds9484
title: Data from: Fitness and microbial networks of the common wasp, Vespula vulgaris (Hymenoptera: Vespidae), in its native and introduced range

description: 1. Variation in microbial communities between populations is increasingly
 hypothesized to affect animal fitness and performance, including for
 invasive species. Pathogenic species may be lost during the introduction
 process, enhancing invader fitness and abundance. 2. We assessed fitness,
 immune gene expression, and microbial network complexity of invasive
 common wasps, Vespula vulgaris. Microbial networks were assayed using 16S
 and 18S sequencing and gene expression arrays in the native (Belgium) and
 introduced range (New Zealand). We examined the immune gene expression of
 the wasp Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule (Dscam) gene homologue.
 Dscam expression can be induced by viruses, Gram-positive and
 Gram-negative bacteria, and parasites. 3. Individual nest fitness was
 higher in the native range of Belgium than in the introduced, New Zealand
 range. Microbial communities of wasps in the introduced range were more
 diverse with more complex networks, although some microorganisms were
 range specific. Microbial networks in the introduced range showed higher
 clustering coefficients, number of connected paths, network
 centralization, number of neighbours and network density. 4. Larvae,
 workers, virgin and foundress queens had higher expression of Dscam in the
 New Zealand samples. These immune gene expression patterns were associated
 with higher pathogen pressure and lower relative fitness in New Zealand
 compared to Belgium. 5. Epidemiological theory predicts that a high
 density of pathogen and microbial hosts should result in a high rate of
 disease infection, prevalence, and highly connected microbial networks.
 Our results support these predictions. Wasps displayed lower relative
 fitness and more highly connected microbial networks in New Zealand
 compared to Belgium.
description: 16S and 18S FASTA
 files16S and 18S amplicon
 sequencing files for microbial network analysis. Files are in FASTA
 format. One 18S and one 16S file is provided for each of the 18 samples in
 the study. Codes in the file name identify the species (VV), the region
 (NZ for New Zealand and EU for Belgium) and the life stage (Q for queen, L
 for larva and W for worker).VV-amplicon.zip