DOI: 10.17603/ds2-mm04-xq43
title: StEER: 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaras, Turkiye Earthquake Sequence Preliminary Virtual Reconnaissance Report (PVRR) Media Repository
title: in StEER- February 6, 2023, Kahramanmaras, Türkiye, Mw 7.8 Earthquake

description: An Mw 7.8 earthquake occurred at a depth of 17.9 km and with epicenter coordinates 37.174°N 37.032°E near the city of Nurdağı in the Gaziantep province of Türkiye at about 4:17 AM local time on February 6, 2023. As a result of this sequence of earthquakes and aftershocks, around 28,500 buildings partially or completely collapsed, while another 66,000 buildings were severely damaged in Türkiye. In Syria, more than 22,000 buildings were affected by the earthquakes, with 2,850 partially/completely collapsed or severely damaged. As of March 8, the total official death toll due to these earthquakes was reported to be 45,968 confirmed deaths in Türkiye and 7,259 in Syria. In Türkiye alone, more than 100,000 people were reported as injured. The province of Hatay in Türkiye was severely impacted by this sequence of ground shaking, including an Mw 6.4 earthquake that occurred on February 20, two weeks after the main event. Around half of the buildings in the affected regions of Türkiye were constructed before 2000, i.e., before modern principles of earthquake design were implemented in the Turkish Seismic Code. Fragility functions developed for the building stock in the area showed that collapse under large shaking was possible for these relatively older buildings. However, several collapses of buildings constructed after 2000 were also observed. The performance of infrastructures was generally acceptable, with most bridges, roads, and tunnels remaining operational and no significant issues with the power grid and water supply infrastructure.  
In terms of good performance, the 12 seismically isolated hospitals in the earthquake-impacted region were operational after the earthquakes and, more importantly, allowed these healthcare facilities to serve their emergency response functions in the aftermath of the extraordinary destruction. Their operational performance greatly contrasted with the observed collapses of some hospitals that were not seismically isolated.
This project encompasses the joint products of the StEER and EERI LFE program's response to this event: Preliminary Virtual Reconnaissance Report (PVRR). The PVRR includes both the official report as well as a supplementary media repository containing additional imagery gathered by the VAST, and a spreadsheet summarizong the metadata of geolocated images contained in the Media Repository.
description: The Media Repository includes over 150 graphical summaries of individual structure performances, hazard characteristics, and other relevant impacts of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Kahramanmaras, Turkiye earthquake. Each graphical summary includes the geolocation, defined as precisely as possible, the source of the graphic(s), the name of the VAST member(s) that collected the information, a short technical description of the graphics, the graphic(s) depicting various impacts of the earthquake. In many cases, the graphics are annotated to further elucidate key findings or observations from the graphics. The Media Respository includes separate sections for Hazard Characteristics, Buildings, Infrastructure, and Geotechnical & Coastal Protective Systems. Accompanying the Media Repository is a spreadsheet that compiles the metadata (geolocation, source, building type) for all buildings from the Media Repository that were able to be precisely geolocated, and further assigns a global damage rating to the buildings based on EMS 98 (Grunthal, 1998). 

References:
Grunthal, G. (1998). “European Macroseismic Scale 1998. Cahiers du Centre Européen de Géodynamique et de Séismologie”, 15: p. 1-97.