cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17704789
title: Colonization of <i>Piriformospora indica</i> enhances insect herbivore resistance of rice plants through jasmonic acid- and antioxidant-mediated defense mechanisms

description: <i>Piriformospora indica</i> (<i>P. indica</i>) is a mutualistic endophyte that colonizes plant roots. In this study, effects of <i>P. indica</i> on rice resistance against rice leaffolder (<i>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</i> Guenée) were investigated. Growth inhibition and leaf injury caused by leaffolder larvae infestation in <i>P. indica</i>-colonized rice was significantly alleviated. Moreover, growth retardation was observed in larvae which fed on <i>P. indica</i>-colonized plants. JA-Ile levels and trypsin inhibitor activities in leaf tissues of <i>P. indica</i>-colonized plants were higher than those in noncolonized plants under leaffolder-infested conditions. <i>P. indica</i> effects on increasing trypsin inhibitor expression and reducing larval growth were repressed by aspirin. JA signaling drives <i>P. indica</i>-enhanced insect resistance in rice, and trypsin inhibitors might be candidates involved in this mechanism. Changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde levels in <i>P. indica</i>-inoculated plants were observed, and it was demonstrated that oxidative stress induced by insect infestation could be reduced in <i>P. indica</i>-colonized plants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17704789.v1
title: Colonization of <i>Piriformospora indica</i> enhances insect herbivore resistance of rice plants through jasmonic acid- and antioxidant-mediated defense mechanisms

description: <i>Piriformospora indica</i> (<i>P. indica</i>) is a mutualistic endophyte that colonizes plant roots. In this study, effects of <i>P. indica</i> on rice resistance against rice leaffolder (<i>Cnaphalocrocis medinalis</i> Guenée) were investigated. Growth inhibition and leaf injury caused by leaffolder larvae infestation in <i>P. indica</i>-colonized rice was significantly alleviated. Moreover, growth retardation was observed in larvae which fed on <i>P. indica</i>-colonized plants. JA-Ile levels and trypsin inhibitor activities in leaf tissues of <i>P. indica</i>-colonized plants were higher than those in noncolonized plants under leaffolder-infested conditions. <i>P. indica</i> effects on increasing trypsin inhibitor expression and reducing larval growth were repressed by aspirin. JA signaling drives <i>P. indica</i>-enhanced insect resistance in rice, and trypsin inhibitors might be candidates involved in this mechanism. Changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde levels in <i>P. indica</i>-inoculated plants were observed, and it was demonstrated that oxidative stress induced by insect infestation could be reduced in <i>P. indica</i>-colonized plants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19246282.v1
title: Transcriptome and physiology analysis reveal key players of the shade-tolerant species <i>Panax notoginseng</i> in photosynthetic performance under both high and low light regimes

description: The present study aimed to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the light-induced depression of photosynthetic capacity in a typically shade-tolerant species <i>Panax notoginseng</i> grown under different light intensities. Photosynthetic performance was declined in the low-light- and high-light-grown plants. The physiological plasticity was low, while the plasticity of morpho-anatomy traits, biomass allocation and biochemical traits was great in response to the light environment. High light enhanced the expression of genes related to reactive oxygen scavenging, pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis. The expression of genes involved in the light reaction was suppressed in low light, along with a reduction in Rubisco activity. The expression of genes encoding Rubisco was repressed in high light. Photosynthetic capacity in low light might be inhibited by the deceleration on light reaction and by the increase of inactivated Rubisco, high-light-induced decrease of photosynthetic performance might result from the deceleration on Calvin cycle. <b>Abbreviations:</b><i>A</i><sub>net,</sub> net assimilation rate; LCP, light compensation point; PQ, plastoquinone pool; LSP, light saturation point; PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density; <i>C</i><sub>i</sub>, internal leaf CO<sub>2</sub> concentration; <i>A</i><sub>max</sub>, maximum net photosynthesis rate; CE, carboxylation efficiency; <i>J</i><sub>max</sub>, maximum electron transfer rate; <i>V</i><sub>cmax</sub>, maximum carboxylation efficiency; <i>R</i><sub>d</sub>, dark respiration rate; <i>F</i><sub>v</sub>/<i>F</i><sub>m</sub>, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II; Φ<sub>PSII</sub>, PSII photochemical quantum yield; qP, photochemical quenching; <i>F</i><sub>v</sub>′/<i>F</i><sub>m</sub>′, photochemical efficiency of PSII in the light; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching; <i>Φ</i><sub>f.d</sub>, fluorescence quenching dissipation; <i>Φ</i><sub>NPQ</sub>, non-photochemical quenching dissipation; (V + A+Z), the xanthophyll cycle pigment pool; L, lutein; N, neoxanthin; β-Car, β-Carotene; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; POD, peroxidase; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; MDHAR, monodehydroascorbate reductase; DHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19246282
title: Transcriptome and physiology analysis reveal key players of the shade-tolerant species <i>Panax notoginseng</i> in photosynthetic performance under both high and low light regimes

description: The present study aimed to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the light-induced depression of photosynthetic capacity in a typically shade-tolerant species <i>Panax notoginseng</i> grown under different light intensities. Photosynthetic performance was declined in the low-light- and high-light-grown plants. The physiological plasticity was low, while the plasticity of morpho-anatomy traits, biomass allocation and biochemical traits was great in response to the light environment. High light enhanced the expression of genes related to reactive oxygen scavenging, pentose phosphate pathway and glycolysis. The expression of genes involved in the light reaction was suppressed in low light, along with a reduction in Rubisco activity. The expression of genes encoding Rubisco was repressed in high light. Photosynthetic capacity in low light might be inhibited by the deceleration on light reaction and by the increase of inactivated Rubisco, high-light-induced decrease of photosynthetic performance might result from the deceleration on Calvin cycle. <b>Abbreviations:</b><i>A</i><sub>net,</sub> net assimilation rate; LCP, light compensation point; PQ, plastoquinone pool; LSP, light saturation point; PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density; <i>C</i><sub>i</sub>, internal leaf CO<sub>2</sub> concentration; <i>A</i><sub>max</sub>, maximum net photosynthesis rate; CE, carboxylation efficiency; <i>J</i><sub>max</sub>, maximum electron transfer rate; <i>V</i><sub>cmax</sub>, maximum carboxylation efficiency; <i>R</i><sub>d</sub>, dark respiration rate; <i>F</i><sub>v</sub>/<i>F</i><sub>m</sub>, maximum quantum yield of photosystem II; Φ<sub>PSII</sub>, PSII photochemical quantum yield; qP, photochemical quenching; <i>F</i><sub>v</sub>′/<i>F</i><sub>m</sub>′, photochemical efficiency of PSII in the light; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching; <i>Φ</i><sub>f.d</sub>, fluorescence quenching dissipation; <i>Φ</i><sub>NPQ</sub>, non-photochemical quenching dissipation; (V + A+Z), the xanthophyll cycle pigment pool; L, lutein; N, neoxanthin; β-Car, β-Carotene; SOD, superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; POD, peroxidase; APX, ascorbate peroxidase; MDHAR, monodehydroascorbate reductase; DHAR, dehydroascorbate reductase
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19355017
title: Phenolic characterization of olive genotypes potentially resistant to <i>Xylella</i>

description: The outbreak of the olive quick decline syndrome caused by <i>Xylella fastidiosa</i> represents one of the main agricultural threats in Italy. Recently, thirty asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic genotypes found in olive groves heavily compromised by the bacterium were identified. HPLC ESI/MS-TOF analyses on leaf petiole extract were carried out to characterize the metabolic profile of selected genotypes. Besides uni- and multi-variate statistical methods differentiated the metabolic profiles of olive genotypes genetically related to the cultivars ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ciciulara’, no common metabolic pattern was found among the selected genotypes with respect to susceptible one. In-depth evaluation of seven selected phenolic compounds highlighted quantitative differences between genotypes and the susceptible control cultivar but a resistance-related pattern cannot be yet defind. Nevertheless, an unusually high concentration of quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside characterized a genotype genetically related to Tunisian cultivars which displayed no symptoms besides high bacterial concentration, suggesting how tolerance may be related to peculiar phenolic profiles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19355017.v1
title: Phenolic characterization of olive genotypes potentially resistant to <i>Xylella</i>

description: The outbreak of the olive quick decline syndrome caused by <i>Xylella fastidiosa</i> represents one of the main agricultural threats in Italy. Recently, thirty asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic genotypes found in olive groves heavily compromised by the bacterium were identified. HPLC ESI/MS-TOF analyses on leaf petiole extract were carried out to characterize the metabolic profile of selected genotypes. Besides uni- and multi-variate statistical methods differentiated the metabolic profiles of olive genotypes genetically related to the cultivars ‘Leccino’ and ‘Ciciulara’, no common metabolic pattern was found among the selected genotypes with respect to susceptible one. In-depth evaluation of seven selected phenolic compounds highlighted quantitative differences between genotypes and the susceptible control cultivar but a resistance-related pattern cannot be yet defind. Nevertheless, an unusually high concentration of quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside characterized a genotype genetically related to Tunisian cultivars which displayed no symptoms besides high bacterial concentration, suggesting how tolerance may be related to peculiar phenolic profiles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21591173
title: Comparative transcriptomics of cupuassu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) offers insights into the early defense mechanism to <i>Moniliophthora perniciosa</i>, the causal agent of witches’ broom disease

description: Cupuassu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) is a fruit tree native to the Amazon region, presenting high social and economic value. Besides, owing to its suitability for agroforestry cultivation, cupuassu is useful for the conservation of the Amazon Forest. Cupuassu plantations are severely affected by <i>Moniliophthora perniciosa</i>. Thus, to gain insights into resistance against <i>M. perniciosa</i>, transcriptomes of susceptible (SG) and resistant (RG) genotypes of cupuassu were analyzed at the early stage of infection using RNA sequencing. A total of 21,441 unigenes were identified, and differentially expressed genes were detected in intra- (440) and inter-genotype (301) analyses. Gene expression was altered at 24 h after inoculation (HAI) in SG. This alteration was prominent at 48 HAI in RG. These datasets allowed the identification of genes potentially involved in defense mechanisms. Phytohormone signature analysis revealed a significant effect of hormones on genotype responses. The present study is the first large-scale transcriptomic analysis of cupuassu.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21591173.v1
title: Comparative transcriptomics of cupuassu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) offers insights into the early defense mechanism to <i>Moniliophthora perniciosa</i>, the causal agent of witches’ broom disease

description: Cupuassu (<i>Theobroma grandiflorum</i>) is a fruit tree native to the Amazon region, presenting high social and economic value. Besides, owing to its suitability for agroforestry cultivation, cupuassu is useful for the conservation of the Amazon Forest. Cupuassu plantations are severely affected by <i>Moniliophthora perniciosa</i>. Thus, to gain insights into resistance against <i>M. perniciosa</i>, transcriptomes of susceptible (SG) and resistant (RG) genotypes of cupuassu were analyzed at the early stage of infection using RNA sequencing. A total of 21,441 unigenes were identified, and differentially expressed genes were detected in intra- (440) and inter-genotype (301) analyses. Gene expression was altered at 24 h after inoculation (HAI) in SG. This alteration was prominent at 48 HAI in RG. These datasets allowed the identification of genes potentially involved in defense mechanisms. Phytohormone signature analysis revealed a significant effect of hormones on genotype responses. The present study is the first large-scale transcriptomic analysis of cupuassu.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19130998
title: Total mercury accumulation in aboveground parts of maize plants (<i>Zea mays</i>) throughout a growing season

description: We investigated Hg accumulation in maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) plants grown in non-contaminated conditions on a farm in Switzerland throughout a growing season. Concentrations of Hg in leaves and husk followed the same temporal pattern as the mass growth of these parts. In contrast, silk and tassel accumulated Hg almost linearly over time until harvest. At the end of the growing season Hg concentration was highest in tassel (10.4 ng g<sup>−1</sup>), followed by leaves (7.3 ng g<sup>−1</sup>) and silk (5.7 ng g<sup>−1</sup>). Silk and tassel had accumulated 5–10 times more Hg per unit dry mass than all aboveground parts of the plant on average. Cob and kernels contained only very small amounts of Hg. Greater exposure of a plant part to the atmosphere was clearly associated with higher rates of Hg accumulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19130998.v1
title: Total mercury accumulation in aboveground parts of maize plants (<i>Zea mays</i>) throughout a growing season

description: We investigated Hg accumulation in maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) plants grown in non-contaminated conditions on a farm in Switzerland throughout a growing season. Concentrations of Hg in leaves and husk followed the same temporal pattern as the mass growth of these parts. In contrast, silk and tassel accumulated Hg almost linearly over time until harvest. At the end of the growing season Hg concentration was highest in tassel (10.4 ng g<sup>−1</sup>), followed by leaves (7.3 ng g<sup>−1</sup>) and silk (5.7 ng g<sup>−1</sup>). Silk and tassel had accumulated 5–10 times more Hg per unit dry mass than all aboveground parts of the plant on average. Cob and kernels contained only very small amounts of Hg. Greater exposure of a plant part to the atmosphere was clearly associated with higher rates of Hg accumulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19775163.v1
title: Combination of the Systemin peptide with the beneficial fungus <i>Trichoderma afroharzianum</i> T22 improves plant defense responses against pests and diseases

description: <i>Trichoderma</i> spp<i>.</i> are among the most widely used plant beneficial fungi in agriculture. Its interaction with the plant triggers resistance responses by the activation of Induced Systemic Resistance mediated by Jasmonic acid and Ethylene and/or Systemic Acquired Resistance, which involves Salicylic acid, with the consequent control of a wide range of plant parasites. However, the benefit they can confer to plants may be reduced or nullified by environmental conditions or fungal ecological fitness. A novel approach to enhance their effectiveness in plant defense is to combine them with bioactive molecules including plant-derived compounds. Here, we show that plant treatment with <i>Trichoderma afroharzianum</i> (strain T22) and Systemin, a tomato peptide active in triggering plant defense, confers protection against the fungal pathogens <i>Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea</i> and the insect pest <i>Tuta absoluta</i>. The observed defensive response was associated with an increase of Jasmonic acid and related metabolites and a decrease of Salicylic acid.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19775163
title: Combination of the Systemin peptide with the beneficial fungus <i>Trichoderma afroharzianum</i> T22 improves plant defense responses against pests and diseases

description: <i>Trichoderma</i> spp<i>.</i> are among the most widely used plant beneficial fungi in agriculture. Its interaction with the plant triggers resistance responses by the activation of Induced Systemic Resistance mediated by Jasmonic acid and Ethylene and/or Systemic Acquired Resistance, which involves Salicylic acid, with the consequent control of a wide range of plant parasites. However, the benefit they can confer to plants may be reduced or nullified by environmental conditions or fungal ecological fitness. A novel approach to enhance their effectiveness in plant defense is to combine them with bioactive molecules including plant-derived compounds. Here, we show that plant treatment with <i>Trichoderma afroharzianum</i> (strain T22) and Systemin, a tomato peptide active in triggering plant defense, confers protection against the fungal pathogens <i>Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea</i> and the insect pest <i>Tuta absoluta</i>. The observed defensive response was associated with an increase of Jasmonic acid and related metabolites and a decrease of Salicylic acid.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20015983
title: Phenotypical, physiological and molecular assessment of drought tolerance of five Egyptian teosinte genotypes

description: Prolonged drought presents a serious challenge to the agricultural sector. The main concern of this work was to assess the phenotypical, physiological, and molecular responses of five teosinte (<i>Zea mexicana</i> Schrad L.) genotypes (Ba, Gm1, Gm2, Gm3 and Gm4). In a two-season (2020 and 2021) field experiment, fifteen-day-old teosinte plants were subjected to well-watered (15-day watering frequency) as a control, moderate drought (25-day watering frequency), and extreme drought (35-day watering frequency) treatments. Drought negatively affected growth, yield, chlorophyll, and POD activity of all genotypes, but promoted soluble sugars and proteins, osmoregulatory molecules (glycinebetaine, amino acids, and proline), non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids), and SOD activity. Furthermore, long-term water stress upregulated MOCOS, Rad17, NCED1, CAT1, and P5CS genes expression, with Gm3 and Gm4 being the most drought-tolerant genotypes. These findings could be employed in breeding programs to develop tolerant genotypes to address the challenges posed by climate changes like drought.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20015983.v1
title: Phenotypical, physiological and molecular assessment of drought tolerance of five Egyptian teosinte genotypes

description: Prolonged drought presents a serious challenge to the agricultural sector. The main concern of this work was to assess the phenotypical, physiological, and molecular responses of five teosinte (<i>Zea mexicana</i> Schrad L.) genotypes (Ba, Gm1, Gm2, Gm3 and Gm4). In a two-season (2020 and 2021) field experiment, fifteen-day-old teosinte plants were subjected to well-watered (15-day watering frequency) as a control, moderate drought (25-day watering frequency), and extreme drought (35-day watering frequency) treatments. Drought negatively affected growth, yield, chlorophyll, and POD activity of all genotypes, but promoted soluble sugars and proteins, osmoregulatory molecules (glycinebetaine, amino acids, and proline), non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids), and SOD activity. Furthermore, long-term water stress upregulated MOCOS, Rad17, NCED1, CAT1, and P5CS genes expression, with Gm3 and Gm4 being the most drought-tolerant genotypes. These findings could be employed in breeding programs to develop tolerant genotypes to address the challenges posed by climate changes like drought.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21288191
title: Imprints of PGPB association on the metabolic dynamism of <i>Piper nigrum</i>

description: Endophytes are endosymbiotic microorganisms that coexist within different plant species which assist the host in multifarious ways without causing any detrimental effects on the plant well-being. The current study is focused on the bacterial isolates found in the Piper nigrum in vitro culture in the basal MS medium. The growth of these bacterial isolates even after repeated surface sterilization of the explant concludes the nature of these isolates as endophytes and these isolates were identified as Pantoea sp., Luteibacter sp., Herbaspirillum sp., and Agrobacterium sp. through 16srRNA. The endophytes were tested for their potential to aid plant development by assessing the production of Indoleacetic Acid, Ammonia, Hydrogen Cyanide, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, Siderophore, fixation of Nitrogen, solubilization of Phosphate, heavy metal and salt tolerance. Pantoea sp. and Herbaspirillum sp. were found tolerant against salt and heavy metal stress respectively. Based on plant growth promotion assays, Pantoea sp. and Agrobacterium sp. were further selected for metabolomic profiling. The results indicated the effects of isolates on primary and secondary metabolite biogenesis, aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis and amino acid metabolic pathways. The profiling of important metabolites linked to crop development, revealing its metabolic mechanism of plant growth promoting activities facilitated through selected Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21288191.v1
title: Imprints of PGPB association on the metabolic dynamism of <i>Piper nigrum</i>

description: Endophytes are endosymbiotic microorganisms that coexist within different plant species which assist the host in multifarious ways without causing any detrimental effects on the plant well-being. The current study is focused on the bacterial isolates found in the Piper nigrum in vitro culture in the basal MS medium. The growth of these bacterial isolates even after repeated surface sterilization of the explant concludes the nature of these isolates as endophytes and these isolates were identified as Pantoea sp., Luteibacter sp., Herbaspirillum sp., and Agrobacterium sp. through 16srRNA. The endophytes were tested for their potential to aid plant development by assessing the production of Indoleacetic Acid, Ammonia, Hydrogen Cyanide, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, Siderophore, fixation of Nitrogen, solubilization of Phosphate, heavy metal and salt tolerance. Pantoea sp. and Herbaspirillum sp. were found tolerant against salt and heavy metal stress respectively. Based on plant growth promotion assays, Pantoea sp. and Agrobacterium sp. were further selected for metabolomic profiling. The results indicated the effects of isolates on primary and secondary metabolite biogenesis, aminoacyl-tRNA synthesis and amino acid metabolic pathways. The profiling of important metabolites linked to crop development, revealing its metabolic mechanism of plant growth promoting activities facilitated through selected Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria.