DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5w8
title: Data from: Evolutionary patterns of ploidy and genome size variations show positive correlations with taxonomic diversity in tropical gingers (Zingiberaceae)

description: Premise: Cytogenetic traits such as an organism's chromosome
 number and genome size are taxonomically critical and can define
 angiosperm diversity. Variations in these cytogenetic traits by
 evolutionary processes such as polyploidization are known to be common,
 although underexplored in tropical plants. Zingiberaceae is a pantropical
 monocot family with ~1500 species where cytogenetic characters have often
 been used to define taxonomic boundaries, but a family-wide synthesis of
 cytogenetic patterns is absent. Methods: A time-calibrated Bayesian
 phylogenetic tree was constructed to test for different models of
 chromosome number and genome size evolution in Zingiberaceae. We next
 tested how chromosome number and genome size variations differed with
 lineage-age, taxonomic diversity, and distributional range at two
 taxonomic ranks: within the family Zingiberaceae, and in the genus
 Hedychium using correlations, generalized linear models and phylogenetic
 least square models. Key results: The most frequent changes in chromosome
 number within Zingiberaceae were demi-polyploidization and
 polyploidization (~57 % of the time), followed by ascending dysploidy (~27
 %). The subfamily Zingiberoideae showed descending dysploidy at its base,
 while Alpinioideae showed polyploidization at its internal nodes. Although
 chromosome counts and genome sizes did not corroborate with each other,
 suggesting that they are not equivalent, at both taxonomic ranks, higher
 chromosome number variations and higher genome size variations were
 associated with higher taxonomic diversity and wider biogeographic
 distribution. Conclusions: Within Zingiberaceae, multiple incidences of
 polyploidization were discovered, and these cytogenetic events appear to
 have impacted the morphology, decreased genome sizes, and increased
 taxonomic diversity, distributional range and invasiveness of plants
 within this family. 
description: # Data from: Evolutionary patterns of chromosome counts and genome size
 variations show positive correlations with taxonomic diversity in tropical
 gingers (Zingiberaceae)
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5w8](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5w8) This dataset contains the following items: * Complied table of genome sizes for Zingiberaceae containing data from the literature as well as primary data * Complied table of chromosome counts for Zingiberaceae containing data from the literature as well as primary data * A table containing accession details for all the sequences used to build Zingiberaceae phylogeny in this study (this is an output from OneTwoTree). * Alignment file in fasta format used to reconstruct the Zingiberaceae phylogeny **Supplementary data:** * Figure showing the divergence dated tree of Zingiberaceae with bars on the node labels representing the divergence time and the bars representing the 95% HPD * Figure showing chronogram of the Zingiberaceae with posterior probability denoted on the nodes * For the tables of chromosome count and genome sizes, missing data is left as blank. The primary data generated in this study is denoted by 'This study' under the Reference coloumn * For the table of accession details, missing data is represented by '-' * The figures are compiled in to a single file