DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v677p
title: Data from: EEG theta dynamics within frontal and parietal cortices for error processing during reaching movements in a prism adaptation study altering visuo-motor predictive planning

description: Modulation of frontal midline theta (fmθ) is observed during error
 commission, but little is known about the role of theta oscillations in
 correcting motor behaviours. We investigate EEG activity of healthy
 partipants executing a reaching task under variable degrees of
 prism-induced visuo-motor distortion and visual occlusion of the initial
 arm trajectory. This task introduces directional errors of different
 magnitudes. The discrepancy between predicted and actual movement
 directions (i.e. the error), at the time when visual feedback (hand
 appearance) became available, elicits a signal that triggers on-line
 movement correction. Analysis were performed on 25 EEG channels. For each
 participant, the median value of the angular error of all reaching trials
 was used to partition the EEG epochs into high- and low-error conditions.
 We computed event-related spectral perturbations (ERSP) time-locked either
 to visual feedback or to the onset of movement correction. ERSP
 time-locked to the onset of visual feedback showed that fmθ increased in
 the high- but not in the low-error condition with an approximate time lag
 of 200 ms. Moreover, when single epochs were sorted by the degree of motor
 error, fmθ started to increase when a certain level of error was exceeded
 and, then, scaled with error magnitude. When ERSP were time-locked to the
 onset of movement correction, the fmθ increase anticipated this event with
 an approximate time lead of 50 ms. During successive trials, an error
 reduction was observed which was associated with indices of adaptations
 (i.e., aftereffects) suggesting the need to explore if theta oscillations
 may facilitate learning. To our knowledge this is the first study where
 the EEG signal recorded during reaching movements was time-locked to the
 onset of the error visual feedback. This allowed us to conclude that theta
 oscillations putatively generated by anterior cingulate cortex activation
 are implicated in error processing in semi-naturalistic motor behaviours.
description: Archivio_dati_perimaskData of the Time frequency analysis time locked to the onset of the visual feedback. 12 subjects (numbered from 1 to 12): each subject contributes 2 files relative to the High and Low error condition. Data were generated with the EEGLAB program.Archivio_dati_periECData relative to the timefrequency analysis time locked to the onset of error correction. 12 subjects. Each subject contributes 2 files relative to the High and Low error condition. Data were generated with the EEGLAB program.cinematicaThis archive containes the file concerning the kinematic data in four files Excel. AF progressivi 2 way RM 3 x 4 rigo 467.XLS contains the data relative to AF progression; dati cinematici e err ctr1 e prismi.xls contains the various kinematic parameters during baseline and prism; errori prismi ctr1 AF.xlsx contains the mean AF during each block; Error vs target direction.xls contains the error values in function of target direction at baselineMaps tutti i chThis file Excel contains the data of the temporal evolution of theta power time locked to visual feedback at single scalp locations in the High and Low error condition at t=250,350,450,550 after T=0.subject 1 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 1: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 2 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 2: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 3 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 3: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 4 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 4: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 5 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 5: single trial time-frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 6 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 6: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 7 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 7: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 8 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 8: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 9 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 9: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 10 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 10: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 11 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 11: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABsubject 12 single trial time frequency dataData relative to subject 12: single trial time frequency data created by EEGLABArchivio_Working files for_single trials analysisWorking files for single trial analysis: matricierr file contains the error associated with each trial; matricialpha1theta contains the power spetrum for the theta band