DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14637241
title: ENER2020OP0019 Pathways for Energy Efficient Heating and Cooling - EU11 Heating and Cooling Data

description: This dataset supports the "Pathways for Energy Efficient Heating and Cooling" study, offering an in-depth analysis of heating and cooling (H&C) technologies in 11 European Union Member States (EU11): Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, and Sweden. The data is categorized by building types and H&C technology classes, providing a foundational resource for evaluating energy efficiency, environmental impacts, and economic considerations.

Content of the Dataset:



Values and Sources Country by Country:



Comprehensive data for each of the EU 11 Member States (Austria, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, and Sweden).

The source of each data point is detailed in the note associated with the specific cell containing the data



Values and sources EU11:



Aggregated weighted data for cooling technologies, district heating technologies, and end-use heating technologies across the EU11 Member States. The weightning process has been done based on the population size of each of the EU 11 Member States. 

Sources of all the aforementioned data.




Data Structure and Parameters 

The dataset is organized around the following dimensions:

Building Types (Residential and Service Sectors):



Residential Buildings:



Single-family houses (SFHs, 2–3 floors)

Multifamily houses (MFHs, 4–8 floors)

Apartment blocks (ABs, >8 floors)



Service Buildings:



Offices (private/public offices and office blocks)

Trade (e.g., shops, department stores, car sales, bakeries)

Education (schools, universities, research centers)

Health (hospitals, nursing homes, medical care centers)

Hotels and restaurants (cafés, pubs, canteens, catering facilities)

Other (e.g., warehouses, agricultural buildings, sports facilities)




H&C Technology Categories:



End-use Heating Technologies: Gas-fired boilers, biomass boilers, heat pumps, electric heating, solar thermal systems, and more.

District Heating Technologies: Biomass-fired plants, waste heat, solar-driven systems, high-efficiency geothermal, and CHP (Combined Heat and Power) systems.

Cooling Technologies: Air-conditioning, district cooling, and thermally-driven heat pumps.


Parameters:



Technical:



Energy sources and carriers (e.g., electricity, biomass, solar, geothermal).

Mean installed capacity (kW or MW).

Lifetime and replacement rates.

Energy efficiency metrics (SPF, SEER, COP).



Environmental:



CO2 equivalent emissions (g/kWh).

Primary renewable and non-renewable energy consumption (MJprim/kWh).



Economic:



Capital expenditure (CAPEX, 1000 €/MW).

Operational expenditure (OPEX, €/MW/year).



Qualitative:



Noise levels (quiet to noisy).

Pollution levels (low to high).

Maintenance complexity, fuel storage needs, spatial constraints, and energy source dependency.




Applications:

The dataset enables comparative assessment of H&C technologies' energy efficiency, environmental sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. It provides critical insights for policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders to inform decisions on decarbonizing the H&C sector, optimizing energy use, and transitioning to renewable sources.