cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278184.v1
title: Expansion of T regulatory lymphocytes by murine bone marrow dendritic cells previously stimulated with Anisakis simplex larval antigens

description: BACKGROUND Anisakis simplex antigens present immunomodulatory properties by the induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) in mice. OBJECTIVES To study the capacity of DCs stimulated with A. simplex excretory-secretory (ES) or crude extract (CE) to generate Tregs. To investigate in vitro effects of antigens on the metabolic activity of splenocytes induced by LPS or CpG. METHODS Phenotypic and functional characterization of T cells co-cultured with A. simplex-pulsed DCs was performed by flow cytometry. Lymphocyte mitochondrial respiratory activity was estimated by the Alamar Blue® Assay. FINDINGS In C57BL/6J, CD4+CD25-Foxp3+ and CD8+CD25-Foxp3+ populations increased by CE-stimulated-DCs. In BALB/c, CE-stimulated-DCs caused the expansion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+IL-10+ and CD8+CD25+Foxp3+IL-10+. IFN-γ expression raised in BALB/c CD4+CD25+ and CD4+CD25- for CE and ES, respectively. ES-stimulated-DCs increased CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ and CD8+CD25- Foxp3+ expression in T cells. The association of ES or CE with LPS produced the increase in splenocyte activity in C57BL/6J. The association of CE with CpG decreased the proliferation caused by CpG in C57BL/6J. MAIN CONCLUSIONS A. simplex increase the frequency of Tregs, which in turn produce IL-10 and IFN-γ. The host genetic base is essential in the development of anti-Anisakis immune responses (Th2, Th1, Treg).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278187
title: The gene expression of Leishmania infantum chagasi inside Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

description: Leishmania infantum chagasi is the causative agent and Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas. We investigated the expression of Leishmania genes within L. longipalpis after artificial infection. mRNAs from genes involved in sugar and amino acid metabolism were upregulated at times of high parasite proliferation inside the insect. mRNAs from genes involved in metacyclogenesis had higher expression in late stages of infection. Other modulated genes of interest were involved in immunomodulation, purine salvage pathway and protein recycling. These data reveal aspects of the adaptation of the parasite to the microenvironment of the vector gut and reflect the preparation for infection in the vertebrate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278187.v1
title: The gene expression of Leishmania infantum chagasi inside Lutzomyia longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil

description: Leishmania infantum chagasi is the causative agent and Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in the Americas. We investigated the expression of Leishmania genes within L. longipalpis after artificial infection. mRNAs from genes involved in sugar and amino acid metabolism were upregulated at times of high parasite proliferation inside the insect. mRNAs from genes involved in metacyclogenesis had higher expression in late stages of infection. Other modulated genes of interest were involved in immunomodulation, purine salvage pathway and protein recycling. These data reveal aspects of the adaptation of the parasite to the microenvironment of the vector gut and reflect the preparation for infection in the vertebrate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14268544.v1
title: Validation of ELISA with recombinant antigens in serological diagnosis of canine Leishmania infantum infection

description: BACKGROUND Dogs are the main peridomiciliary reservoir of Leishmania infantum thus the correct diagnosis of infection is essential for the control of the transmission and treatment as well. However, the diagnosis is based on serological assays that are not fully effective. OBJECTIVE We aimed to establish an effective serological assay for the diagnosis of L. infantum infected dogs using Leishmania-derived recombinant antigens. METHODS Leishmania derived rK39-, rK28-, rKR95-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was standardized using symptomatic and asymptomatic L. infantum-infected dogs. Then 2,530 samples from inquiry in endemic areas for VL were evaluated and the results compared with recommended assays by the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MH algorithm). Further samples from a cohort of 30 dogs were searched. FINDINGS For rK39-, rK28- and rKR95-ELISA the sensitivity was around 97% and specificity 100%. The positivity of these three ELISA in the inquiry samples was 27-28%, around 10% higher than the assays currently in use. When cohort samples were searched, we observed likely false-negative results (&gt; 65%) with supposedly negative samples that turned positive six months later with the assays in use (MH algorithm). MAIN CONCLUSIONS For the diagnosis of L. infantum-infected dogs, rK39-based ELISA showed better diagnostic performance than other assays in use in Brazil and worldwide.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278191
title: Morphology and morphogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero-E6 cells

description: BACKGROUND The coronaviruses (CoVs) called the attention of the world for causing outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), in Asia in 2002-03, and respiratory disease in the Middle East (MERS-CoV), in 2012. In December 2019, yet again a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) first identified in Wuhan, China, was associated with a severe respiratory infection, known today as COVID-19. This new virus quickly spread throughout China and 30 additional countries. As result, the World Health Organization (WHO) elevated the status of the COVID-19 outbreak from emergency of international concern to pandemic on March 11, 2020. The impact of COVID-19 on public health and economy fueled a worldwide race to approve therapeutic and prophylactic agents, but so far, there are no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines available. In current scenario, the development of in vitro systems for viral mass production and for testing antiviral and vaccine candidates proves to be an urgent matter. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is study the biology of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero-E6 cells at the ultrastructural level. METHODS In this study, we documented, by transmission electron microscopy and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the infection of Vero-E6 cells with SARS-CoV-2 samples isolated from Brazilian patients. FINDINGS The infected cells presented cytopathic effects and SARS-CoV-2 particles were observed attached to the cell surface and inside cytoplasmic vesicles. The entry of the virus into cells occurred through the endocytic pathway or by fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane. Assembled nucleocapsids were verified inside rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns (RER). Viral maturation seemed to occur by budding of viral particles from the RER into smooth membrane vesicles. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the susceptibility of Vero-E6 cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the viral pathway inside the cells were demonstrated by ultrastructural analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278191.v1
title: Morphology and morphogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero-E6 cells

description: BACKGROUND The coronaviruses (CoVs) called the attention of the world for causing outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV), in Asia in 2002-03, and respiratory disease in the Middle East (MERS-CoV), in 2012. In December 2019, yet again a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) first identified in Wuhan, China, was associated with a severe respiratory infection, known today as COVID-19. This new virus quickly spread throughout China and 30 additional countries. As result, the World Health Organization (WHO) elevated the status of the COVID-19 outbreak from emergency of international concern to pandemic on March 11, 2020. The impact of COVID-19 on public health and economy fueled a worldwide race to approve therapeutic and prophylactic agents, but so far, there are no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines available. In current scenario, the development of in vitro systems for viral mass production and for testing antiviral and vaccine candidates proves to be an urgent matter. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is study the biology of SARS-CoV-2 in Vero-E6 cells at the ultrastructural level. METHODS In this study, we documented, by transmission electron microscopy and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), the infection of Vero-E6 cells with SARS-CoV-2 samples isolated from Brazilian patients. FINDINGS The infected cells presented cytopathic effects and SARS-CoV-2 particles were observed attached to the cell surface and inside cytoplasmic vesicles. The entry of the virus into cells occurred through the endocytic pathway or by fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane. Assembled nucleocapsids were verified inside rough endoplasmic reticulum cisterns (RER). Viral maturation seemed to occur by budding of viral particles from the RER into smooth membrane vesicles. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the susceptibility of Vero-E6 cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the viral pathway inside the cells were demonstrated by ultrastructural analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278193
title: Inhibition of nitric oxide production of activated mice peritoneal macrophages is independent of the Toxoplasma gondii strain

description: BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis and is controlled by activated macrophages. However, infection of macrophages by tachyzoites induces TGF-β signaling (TGF-s) inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production. NO inhibition may be a general escape mechanism of distinct T. gondii strains. OBJECTIVES To evaluate in activated macrophages the capacity of T. gondii strains of different virulence and genetics (RH, type I; ME-49, type II; VEG, type III; P-Br, recombinant) to evade the NO microbicidal defense system and determine LC3 loading to the parasitophorous vacuole. METHODS Activated peritoneal macrophages were infected with the different T. gondii strains, NO-production was evaluated by the Griess reagent, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, TGF-s, and LC3 localisation assayed by immunofluorescence. FINDINGS Only RH persisted in macrophages, while VEG was more resistant than P-Br and ME-49. All strains induced TGF-s, degradation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and NO-production inhibition from 2 to 24 h of infection, but only RH sustained these alterations for 48 h. By 24 h of infection, TGF-s lowered in macrophages infected by ME-49, and P-Br, and NO-production recovered, while VEG sustained TGF-s and NO-production inhibition longer. LC3 loading to parasitophorous vacuole was strain-dependent: higher for ME-49, P-Br and VEG, lower for RH. All strains inhibited NO-production, but only RH sustained this effect probably because it persisted in macrophages due to additional evasive mechanisms as lower LC3 loading to parasitophorous vacuole. MAIN CONCLUSIONS These results support that T. gondii can escape the NO microbicidal defense system at the initial phase of the infection, but only the virulent strain sustain this evasion mechanism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278193.v1
title: Inhibition of nitric oxide production of activated mice peritoneal macrophages is independent of the Toxoplasma gondii strain

description: BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis and is controlled by activated macrophages. However, infection of macrophages by tachyzoites induces TGF-β signaling (TGF-s) inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production. NO inhibition may be a general escape mechanism of distinct T. gondii strains. OBJECTIVES To evaluate in activated macrophages the capacity of T. gondii strains of different virulence and genetics (RH, type I; ME-49, type II; VEG, type III; P-Br, recombinant) to evade the NO microbicidal defense system and determine LC3 loading to the parasitophorous vacuole. METHODS Activated peritoneal macrophages were infected with the different T. gondii strains, NO-production was evaluated by the Griess reagent, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, TGF-s, and LC3 localisation assayed by immunofluorescence. FINDINGS Only RH persisted in macrophages, while VEG was more resistant than P-Br and ME-49. All strains induced TGF-s, degradation of inducible nitric oxide synthase, and NO-production inhibition from 2 to 24 h of infection, but only RH sustained these alterations for 48 h. By 24 h of infection, TGF-s lowered in macrophages infected by ME-49, and P-Br, and NO-production recovered, while VEG sustained TGF-s and NO-production inhibition longer. LC3 loading to parasitophorous vacuole was strain-dependent: higher for ME-49, P-Br and VEG, lower for RH. All strains inhibited NO-production, but only RH sustained this effect probably because it persisted in macrophages due to additional evasive mechanisms as lower LC3 loading to parasitophorous vacuole. MAIN CONCLUSIONS These results support that T. gondii can escape the NO microbicidal defense system at the initial phase of the infection, but only the virulent strain sustain this evasion mechanism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278194
title: Place marketing: state of the art and future perspectives

description: The purpose of this work is to contribute for rethinking the nature and meaning of place marketing in the literature, describing the three main influential perspectives in its development – promotion, planning and branding – and present a critical analysis of its evolutional process. To guide the understanding, avoid individual interpretations and propose a common language, this analysis includes the convergence of perspectives on a concept characterized as an important management tool for exchanges occurring in territorial scope aimed at socioeconomic development of the place. As a contribution, the paper presents a structure for future research by identifying gaps between the theory of place marketing and the way it is understood, as well as significant difficulties in its implementation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278194.v1
title: Place marketing: state of the art and future perspectives

description: The purpose of this work is to contribute for rethinking the nature and meaning of place marketing in the literature, describing the three main influential perspectives in its development – promotion, planning and branding – and present a critical analysis of its evolutional process. To guide the understanding, avoid individual interpretations and propose a common language, this analysis includes the convergence of perspectives on a concept characterized as an important management tool for exchanges occurring in territorial scope aimed at socioeconomic development of the place. As a contribution, the paper presents a structure for future research by identifying gaps between the theory of place marketing and the way it is understood, as well as significant difficulties in its implementation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278197
title: Differences in the patent management in Brazilian companies with and without plants abroad

description: This paper compares the procedures of local Brazilian companies (those which have plants in Brazil only) with those of international Brazilian companies (which have plants in at least two countries) regarding the patent management. Although there are a lot more variables to consider when examining the issue of patents in companies, this study presents and analyzes the results of a qualitative research on the decision to patent innovations, the choice of countries where to patent and the strategic significance of patents to the company.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278197.v1
title: Differences in the patent management in Brazilian companies with and without plants abroad

description: This paper compares the procedures of local Brazilian companies (those which have plants in Brazil only) with those of international Brazilian companies (which have plants in at least two countries) regarding the patent management. Although there are a lot more variables to consider when examining the issue of patents in companies, this study presents and analyzes the results of a qualitative research on the decision to patent innovations, the choice of countries where to patent and the strategic significance of patents to the company.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278200
title: Attraction and voluntary resignation of young workers: a case study in the newspaper industry

description: In this exploratory case study, developed into a large company of the newspaper industry, the purpose was to analyze factors of attraction and resignation of young people who voluntarily chose to leave the organization. The theoretical basis for this research was built on the following aspects: job and career aspirations of Generation Y workers; factors of attraction and retention, and organizational culture, given the organization’s need to adapt its culture to the strategic competitive challenges it has been facing. The data collection was made through in-depth interviews with 17 members of the Generation Y, who chose to leave after at least one year working in the company. As main factors of attraction, there were the image and reputation of the company’s leading newspaper, which greatly contributes to its employer brand. On the other hand, some traits of the organizational culture were in contrast with the participants’ values, indicating a mismatch that may be leading the organization to lose young talent, considered important due to the identified need for a cultural change. Regarding the personal motivations to leave the company, three groups were identified – idealistic ones, career-oriented ones and immediatist ones – driven by different desires and professional perspectives.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278200.v1
title: Attraction and voluntary resignation of young workers: a case study in the newspaper industry

description: In this exploratory case study, developed into a large company of the newspaper industry, the purpose was to analyze factors of attraction and resignation of young people who voluntarily chose to leave the organization. The theoretical basis for this research was built on the following aspects: job and career aspirations of Generation Y workers; factors of attraction and retention, and organizational culture, given the organization’s need to adapt its culture to the strategic competitive challenges it has been facing. The data collection was made through in-depth interviews with 17 members of the Generation Y, who chose to leave after at least one year working in the company. As main factors of attraction, there were the image and reputation of the company’s leading newspaper, which greatly contributes to its employer brand. On the other hand, some traits of the organizational culture were in contrast with the participants’ values, indicating a mismatch that may be leading the organization to lose young talent, considered important due to the identified need for a cultural change. Regarding the personal motivations to leave the company, three groups were identified – idealistic ones, career-oriented ones and immediatist ones – driven by different desires and professional perspectives.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278202
title: International analysis of the countries where Brazilian franchise chains operate

description: This paper aims to demonstrate which external environment factors are involved in the international commitment of Brazilian franchise chains. Our objectives herein are to understand which external country characteristics lead to international franchising operations and to ascertain the influence of such characteristics in the commitment of franchise chains in each country they operate in. The database has 54 Brazilian franchise chains with international operations in 26 countries, which implies in 157 franchises operating abroad. Regarding external environment factors, the independent variables form a group divided into market opportunity and business efficiency – trust and ease to doing business. The result of the three distinct clusters show how the market opportunity and the business efficiency (trust and ease in doing business) work as drivers to the international operation of Brazilian franchises. The paper shows that the franchise chains operating in the USA (cluster 3) have an inferior international commitment in comparison with the franchises which operate in developed countries and in small Latin American countries (cluster 2). It is also possible to notice a large number of franchises that operate in underdeveloped countries from Latin America and Africa (cluster 1) with worse business efficiency due to the advantage of learning how to operate in a country that could have some similarities with Brazil
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278205
title: To carry out researches without action or action research in the area of administration? A methodological reflection

description: The main objective of this study was to analyse how the action-research has been conducted in organisational studies in Brazil. This study compiled information of 44 journals in Brazil and 22 congresses between 2000 and 2010. Among those 44 journals and 22 congresses only 21 papers and 4 event presentations have approached the subject. Objectives, procedures, effort of the outsiders and consequences of both cycles, action and academic were the topics analysed. The survey results indicate that, overall, the authors don’t distinguish properly the two intentions on the methodology, except few exceptions. It is speculated, then, about the use of action research in the field of study of administration in Brazil. It is concluded that the concept of action research is acknowledged and internalized by the authors, but reports of its application are still insufficient. Finally, it is argued that research and action in the area of Administration can and must walk together and propose some suggestions for research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278205.v1
title: To carry out researches without action or action research in the area of administration? A methodological reflection

description: The main objective of this study was to analyse how the action-research has been conducted in organisational studies in Brazil. This study compiled information of 44 journals in Brazil and 22 congresses between 2000 and 2010. Among those 44 journals and 22 congresses only 21 papers and 4 event presentations have approached the subject. Objectives, procedures, effort of the outsiders and consequences of both cycles, action and academic were the topics analysed. The survey results indicate that, overall, the authors don’t distinguish properly the two intentions on the methodology, except few exceptions. It is speculated, then, about the use of action research in the field of study of administration in Brazil. It is concluded that the concept of action research is acknowledged and internalized by the authors, but reports of its application are still insufficient. Finally, it is argued that research and action in the area of Administration can and must walk together and propose some suggestions for research.