DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6pp3d
title: Data from: Extreme climate events and individual heterogeneity shape life-history traits and population dynamics

description: Extreme climatic conditions and their ecological impacts are currently
 emerging as critical features of climate change. We studied extreme sea
 ice condition (ESIC) and found it impacts both life-history traits and
 population dynamics of an Antarctic seabird well beyond ordinary
 variability. The Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides) is an
 ice-dependent seabird, and individuals forage near the ice edge. During an
 extreme unfavorable year (when sea ice area is reduced and distance
 between ice edge and colony is high), observed foraging trips were greater
 in distance and duration. As a result, adults brought less food to their
 chicks, which fledged in the poorest body condition. During such
 unfavorable years, breeding success was extremely low and population
 growth rate (λ) was greatly reduced. The opposite pattern occurred during
 extreme favorable years. Previous breeding status had a strong influence
 on life-history traits and population dynamics, and their responses to
 extreme conditions. Successful breeders had a higher chance of breeding
 and raising their chick successfully during the following breeding season
 as compared to other breeding stages, regardless of environmental
 conditions. Consequently, they coped better with unfavorable ESIC. The
 effect of change in successful breeder vital rates on λ was greater than
 for other stages' vital rates, except for pre-breeder recruitment
 probabilities, which most affected λ. For environments characterized by
 ordinary sea ice conditions, interindividual differences were more likely
 to persist over the life of individuals and randomness in individual
 pathways was low, suggesting individual heterogeneity in vital rates
 arising from innate or acquired phenotypic traits. Additionally,
 unfavorable ESIC tended to exacerbate individual differences in intrinsic
 quality, expressed through differences in reproductive status. We discuss
 the strong effects of ESIC on Southern Fulmar life-history traits in an
 evolutionary context. ESICs strongly affect fitness components and act as
 potentially important agents of natural selection of life histories
 related to intrinsic quality and intermittent breeding. In addition,
 recruitment is a highly plastic trait that, if heritable, could have a
 critical role in evolution of life histories. Finally, we find that
 changes in the frequency of extreme events may strongly impact persistence
 of Southern Fulmar populations.
description: DATA of the study
 “Extreme climate events and individual heterogeneity shape life history
 traits and population dynamics.” by Stéphanie Jenouvrier, Clara Péron and
 Henri Weimerskirch. Ecological Monographs 2015This folder contains the
 data used to draw figure, calculate foraging trips, body conditions and
 demographic parameters of the study. figure 1 and 2: see folder
 foraging_data figure 3: VitalRates.xls (raw data in folder
 demographic_data and files summarizing the statistical model developed
 with software Esurge {Program E-Surge: A Software Application for Fitting
 Multievent Models Rémi Choquet, Lauriane Rouan, Roger Pradel 2009}) figure
 4: lambda_det.xls figure 5 to 7: SADS_sensitivities.xls figure 8:
 Lambda_sto.xls Table 1: bodyconditions.xls (raw data in folder body
 conditions)Archive.zip