cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241103
title: Erratum: Retinoid Receptor Alpha and Beta Expression in Serous Ovarian Tumors

description: The expression of retinoid acid receptors α (RARα) and β (RARβ) and estrogen receptor α (ERα) was assessed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting in normal ovaries, serous cystadenoma (n = 20), serous borderline (n = 14), and serous ovarian cancer (n = 47) and was correlated in cancer cases with stage, grade, progress-free survival (PFS), and survival. RARα was increasingly expressed in benign cystadenomas, borderline, and low-stage and advanced-stage neoplasms (p &lt; 0.001). In stage III, G3 serous carcinoma, increased RARα expression was an independent prognostic factor associated with lower chemoresponse to first-line chemotherapy (taxol and carboplatin) and shorter PFS (p &lt; 0.002).RARβ and ERα expression did not correlate with RARα tumor characteristics or PFS and survival.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241109
title: Erratum: Elements of Structure and Ultrastructure of the BIood-Thymus Barrier in ACTH Involuted Thymus

description: The ACTH influence upon the thymus may be a reliable model for stress involution. In this case, the cortical lymphocytic depletion is accompanied by mast cell accumulation and increased caliber of the blood vessels. The blood-thymus barrier which has an active role in involution shows an enriched transport activity of the endothelial cells, great enlargement of the basement membrane, increased macrophage activity within the perivascular space with elevated values of acid phosphatase activity, and thickening of the fibrillar network. The epithelioreticular cells show plenty of vacuoles in their cytoplasm, the mitochondria undergo swelling processes, and their cristae are diminished. The ultrastructural data show that lymphocyte depletion is carried out by macrophage-mediated lymphocytolisis. But by counting the peripheral blood cells an earlier mechanism is revealed; i.e. migration through the enlarged but more permeable blood-thymus barrier. The epithelioreticular cells do not seem to have an active, direct implication in any of the phenomena.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241100.v1
title: Erratum: Prevalence of Dementia in the United States: The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study

description: <i>Aim:</i> To estimate the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias in the USA using a nationally representative sample. <i>Methods:</i> The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study sample was composed of 856 individuals aged 71 years and older from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) who were evaluated for dementia using a comprehensive in-home assessment. An expert consensus panel used this information to assign a diagnosis of normal cognition, cognitive impairment but not demented, or dementia (and dementia subtype). Using sampling weights derived from the HRS, we estimated the national prevalence of dementia, AD and vascular dementia by age and gender. <i>Results:</i> The prevalence of dementia among individuals aged 71 and older was 13.9%, comprising about 3.4 million individuals in the USA in 2002. The corresponding values for AD were 9.7% and 2.4 million individuals. Dementia prevalence increased with age, from 5.0% of those aged 71–79 years to 37.4% of those aged 90 and older. <i>Conclusions:</i> Dementia prevalence estimates from this first nationally representative population-based study of dementia in the USA to include subjects from all regions of the country can provide essential information for effective planning for the impending healthcare needs of the large and increasing number of individuals at risk for dementia as our population ages.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241097
title: Erratum: Urinary Cytokines and Steroid Responsiveness in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome of Childhood

description: <i>Background/Aim:</i> Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) has been associated with activation of TGF-β<sub>1</sub> and progression to chronic kidney disease. Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) has been associated with activation of T-cells and favorable outcome. Our objective was to distinguish SRNS from SSNS and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) from minimal change disease (MCD) on the basis of urinary cytokine profile. <i>Method:</i> We used a high-throughput cytokine array. ICAM-1 and TGF-β<sub>1</sub> in urine and kidney tissue were evaluated by ELISA and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. <i>Results:</i> Age, gender, race, body mass index, and glomerular filtration rate were similar among groups. There were no statistically significant differences between SRNS (n = 12) and SSNS (n = 12) in regard to the presence of hypertension, treatment with ACE inhibitors, and renal histology. Arrays detected a 1- to 5.5-fold increase in urinary cytokine expression in subjects with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) as compared to controls. Using ELISA, urinary excretion of ICAM-1 was significantly higher in INS subjects than in controls (control group, n = 12; p = 0.005), but it did not differentiate SRNS from SSNS, or FSGS from MCD. IHC failed to reveal differences in renal tissue expression of ICAM-1 among controls, SRNS and SSNS. There were no significant differences among controls, and patients with SRNS and SSNS in the urinary excretion of TGF-β<sub>1</sub> (p = 0.21). However, urinary TGF-β<sub>1</sub> levels were significantly higher in FSGS than in MCD (p = 0.03), and IHC showed increased immunoreactivity in FSGS. <i>Conclusion: </i>Our data indicate that urinary TGF-β<sub>1</sub> was able to differentiate between FSGS and MCD but was not a biomarker of steroid responsiveness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241085
title: Erratum: Endothelin-1-Mediated Wave-Like [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> Oscillations in Intact Rabbit Inferior Vena Cava

description: Endothelin-1 (ET1) is an endogenous vasoconstrictor released by the vascular system to regulate the contractility of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). It is implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension and diabetic vasculopathy. In rabbit inferior vena cava (IVC), 10 n<i>M</i> ET1 induces tonic contraction mainly via type A endothelin receptor activation. Using confocal imaging of Fluo-3 loaded in thein situ VSMC within the intact IVC, we found that ET1 elicited [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> oscillations with an average frequency of 0.31 ± 0.01 Hz. These [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> oscillations occurred as repetitive Ca<sup>2+</sup> waves traveling along the longitudinal axis of the cells with an average velocity of 29 ± 3 µm/s. The Ca<sup>2+</sup> waves were not synchronized between neighboring VSMC nor were they propagated between them. Nifedipine (10 µ<i>M</i>) inhibited the tonic contraction by 27.0 ± 5.0% while SKF96365 (50 µ<i>M</i>) abolished the remaining contraction. In a parallel Ca<sup>2+</sup> study, nifedipine reduced the frequency of the oscillations to 0.22 ± 0.01 Hz while SKF96365 abolished the remaining [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> oscillations. Subsequent application of 25 m<i>M</i> caffeine elicited no further Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal. Thus, we conclude that ET1 stimulates tonic contraction in the rabbit IVC by inducing [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> oscillations and that stimulated Ca<sup>2+</sup> entry through both the L-type voltage-gated Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels and a nifedipine-resistant and SKF96365-sensitive pathway is crucial for the maintenance of [Ca<sup>2+</sup>]<sub>i</sub> oscillations and tonic contraction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241088
title: Erratum: Transcutaneous Bilirubin Measurement: Evaluation of Bilitest™

description: <i>Objective:</i> The early discharge of neonates from hospitals makes transcutaneous measurement of total serum bilirubin concentration a useful tool to monitor neonatal jaundice. The objective of this study was to evaluate the Bilitest BB 77™ (Bertocchi SRL Elettromedicali, Cremona, Italy), a new device for noninvasive transcutaneous total bilirubin measurement. <i>Methods:</i> We studied 241 newborn infants ≧32 weeks of gestation admitted to the Neonatal Nursery of Careggi University Hospital, Florence. These infants had total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels measured by a standard laboratory test (group B = 198) as part of their normal care, and transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) levels were obtained within 10 min after heel pricking. <i>Results:</i> There was a good correlation between TSB and TcB values. The linear regression plot showed a general underestimation of Bilitest BB 77 measurement compared to standard laboratory test; the negative difference between Bilitest BB 77 values and TSB increased at higher bilirubin levels, as confirmed by the Bland-Altman error plot. To visualize the accuracy of the Bilitest BB 77 measurements, ROC curves plot sensitivity versus specificity and the maximum range of difference between Bilitest BB 77 and TSB were considered. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that Bilitest BB 77 accuracy was independent of gestational and postnatal age of newborns. <i>Conclusion:</i> We conclude that the Bilitest BB 77, a new device for bilirubin transcutaneous measurement, shows a good correlation with standard laboratory method and has the merit to be quite inexpensive and does not need calibration with consumable or disposable parts. However, because TcB measurements with Bilitest BB 77 underestimated STB levels particularly at STB ≧12 mg/dl, serum bilirubin measurements are still required when treatment with phototherapy or exchange transfusion is being considered.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241097.v1
title: Erratum: Urinary Cytokines and Steroid Responsiveness in Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome of Childhood

description: <i>Background/Aim:</i> Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) has been associated with activation of TGF-β<sub>1</sub> and progression to chronic kidney disease. Steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) has been associated with activation of T-cells and favorable outcome. Our objective was to distinguish SRNS from SSNS and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) from minimal change disease (MCD) on the basis of urinary cytokine profile. <i>Method:</i> We used a high-throughput cytokine array. ICAM-1 and TGF-β<sub>1</sub> in urine and kidney tissue were evaluated by ELISA and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. <i>Results:</i> Age, gender, race, body mass index, and glomerular filtration rate were similar among groups. There were no statistically significant differences between SRNS (n = 12) and SSNS (n = 12) in regard to the presence of hypertension, treatment with ACE inhibitors, and renal histology. Arrays detected a 1- to 5.5-fold increase in urinary cytokine expression in subjects with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) as compared to controls. Using ELISA, urinary excretion of ICAM-1 was significantly higher in INS subjects than in controls (control group, n = 12; p = 0.005), but it did not differentiate SRNS from SSNS, or FSGS from MCD. IHC failed to reveal differences in renal tissue expression of ICAM-1 among controls, SRNS and SSNS. There were no significant differences among controls, and patients with SRNS and SSNS in the urinary excretion of TGF-β<sub>1</sub> (p = 0.21). However, urinary TGF-β<sub>1</sub> levels were significantly higher in FSGS than in MCD (p = 0.03), and IHC showed increased immunoreactivity in FSGS. <i>Conclusion: </i>Our data indicate that urinary TGF-β<sub>1</sub> was able to differentiate between FSGS and MCD but was not a biomarker of steroid responsiveness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241076
title: Erratum: Haplotype Diversity in Four Genes <i>(CLCNKA, CLCNKB, BSND, NEDD4L) </i>Involved in Renal Salt Reabsorption

description: <i>Objective:</i> Differences exist among various populations with regards to hypertension prevalence, severity, progression and response to therapy. Such differences may be due to genetic or environmental factors. We characterized the genetic variation and haplotype diversity of four hypertension candidate genes <i>(CLCNKA</i>, <i>CLCNKB</i>, <i>BSND</i>, <i>NEDD4L)</i> in four different ethnic groups (Caucasian Americans, African-Americans, Han Chinese, and Mexican-Americans). <i>Methods:</i> We genotyped 42 single nucleotide polymorphisms across the four genes in equal numbers of each ethnically defined population, then tested for linkage disequilibrium, computed allelic and haplotype frequencies, and compared data across the different ethnic groups. <i>Results:</i> We identified significant genotype and allele frequency differences among ethnic groups. The strongest differences were observed between African-American and Mexican-Americans and between Caucasian and Mexican-Americans. In addition, haplotype blocks were defined for <i>BSND</i>, <i>CLCNKA_B</i> and <i>NEDD4L</i> in the four populations examined. Completely mismatched (‘yin yang’) haplotypes were also observed. We found that the number of inferred halpotypes varied gene to gene and in some instances between the populations for a given gene indicating substantial haplotype diversity. The haplotype diversity among the various ethnic populations observed in our study was greater than that reported in Perlegen database. <i>Conclusions:</i> Haplotype diversity in hypertension candidate genes has important implications for designing and evaluating candidate gene or genome-wide blood pressure association studies that consider these genes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241079
title: Erratum: Liver Cyst Caused by the Peritoneal Catheter of a CSF Shunt

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241082
title: Erratum: Signaling Axis in Osteoclast Biology and Therapeutic Targeting in the RANKL/RANK/OPG System

description: Bone integrity is maintained through a balance between bone formation and bone resorption, and osteoclasts are primary cells involved in bone resorption. Recent studies have revealed an essential role of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) in the development of osteoclasts, and detailed molecular cascades that induce osteoclast differentiation, activation and apoptosis have been clarified. Osteoclasts are involved in various pathologic conditions, such as osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis and tumor-induced bone disease, which are characterized by abnormal bone resorption, and the finding of RANKL has provided us a good therapeutic target for such pathologic conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241073
title: Erratum: The Novel mTOR Inhibitor RAD001 (Everolimus) Induces Antiproliferative Effects in Human Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

description: <i>Background/Aim:</i> Tumors exhibiting constitutively activated PI(3)K/Akt/mTOR signaling are hypersensitive to mTOR inhibitors such as RAD001 (everolimus) which is presently being investigated in clinical phase II trials in various tumor entities, including neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, no preclinical data about the effects of RAD001 on NET cells have been published. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of RAD001 on BON cells, a human pancreatic NET cell line that exhibits constitutively activated PI(3)K/Akt/mTOR signaling. <i>Methods:</i> BON cells were treated with different concentrations of RAD001 to analyze its effect on cell growth using proliferation assays. Apoptosis was examined by Western blot analysis of caspase-3/PARP cleavage and by FACS analysis of DNA fragmentation. <i>Results:</i> RAD001 potently inhibited BON cell growth in a dose-dependent manner which was dependent on the serum concentration in the medium. RAD001-induced growth inhibition involved G0/G1-phase arrest as well as induction of apoptosis. <i>Conclusion:</i> In summary, our data demonstrate antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of RAD001 in NET cells in vitro supporting its clinical use in current phase II trials in NET patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241067
title: Erratum: Strategy for Detecting Susceptibility Genes with Weak or No Marginal Effect

description: Most human diseases result from complex interactions among multiple genes that yield weak or modest effects. Despite the growing awareness of the importance of gene-gene interactions, the paradigm of detectable effects of individual variants remains the cornerstone of genome association studies with tagSNPs. The interactive effect of two variants is only tested once the individual effect of one variant is detected. Both genes, however, may have at the same time a weak (or even no) marginal effect but an important effect through their interaction. In such a situation, current approaches may fail to detect variants having a crucial role in the causal chain. Here, we propose a new strategy: the 2-locus TDT. It allows the detection of the involvement of two genes without individual effect. Our strategy simultaneously uses information on biallelic candidate polymorphisms in two genes M and N. We first estimate the relative marginal penetrances of the genotype at each locus and of the joint (two-locus) genotype and then we test for the interactive effect of the two genes using a likelihood ratio test. We show that our approach has good power to detect the effect of two genes in situations for which a locus-by-locus strategy would have been unsuccessful. At a time where genome-wide association studies are fashionable, we think it is important to consider the strategy of studying good candidate pathways with our approach.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241076.v1
title: Erratum: Haplotype Diversity in Four Genes <i>(CLCNKA, CLCNKB, BSND, NEDD4L) </i>Involved in Renal Salt Reabsorption

description: <i>Objective:</i> Differences exist among various populations with regards to hypertension prevalence, severity, progression and response to therapy. Such differences may be due to genetic or environmental factors. We characterized the genetic variation and haplotype diversity of four hypertension candidate genes <i>(CLCNKA</i>, <i>CLCNKB</i>, <i>BSND</i>, <i>NEDD4L)</i> in four different ethnic groups (Caucasian Americans, African-Americans, Han Chinese, and Mexican-Americans). <i>Methods:</i> We genotyped 42 single nucleotide polymorphisms across the four genes in equal numbers of each ethnically defined population, then tested for linkage disequilibrium, computed allelic and haplotype frequencies, and compared data across the different ethnic groups. <i>Results:</i> We identified significant genotype and allele frequency differences among ethnic groups. The strongest differences were observed between African-American and Mexican-Americans and between Caucasian and Mexican-Americans. In addition, haplotype blocks were defined for <i>BSND</i>, <i>CLCNKA_B</i> and <i>NEDD4L</i> in the four populations examined. Completely mismatched (‘yin yang’) haplotypes were also observed. We found that the number of inferred halpotypes varied gene to gene and in some instances between the populations for a given gene indicating substantial haplotype diversity. The haplotype diversity among the various ethnic populations observed in our study was greater than that reported in Perlegen database. <i>Conclusions:</i> Haplotype diversity in hypertension candidate genes has important implications for designing and evaluating candidate gene or genome-wide blood pressure association studies that consider these genes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241079.v1
title: Erratum: Liver Cyst Caused by the Peritoneal Catheter of a CSF Shunt

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241058
title: Erratum: Effect of Polymorphism of the β<sub>2</sub>-Adrenergic Receptor on Response to Regular Use of Albuterol in Asthma

description: <i>Background:</i> Regular use of inhaled β-adrenergic agonists may have adverse effects in some asthma patients. Polymorphisms of the β<sub>2</sub>-adrenergic receptor (β<sub>2</sub>-AR) can affect its regulation; however, results of smaller studies of the effects of such polymorphisms on response to β-agonist therapy have been inconsistent. <i>Methods:</i> We examined the possible effects of polymorphisms at codons 16 (β<sub>2</sub>-AR-16) and 27 (β<sub>2</sub>-AR-27) on response to albuterol by genotyping 190 asthmatics who had participated in a trial of regular versus as-needed albuterol use. <i>Results:</i> During the 16-week treatment period, patients homozygous for arginine (Arg/Arg) at β<sub>2</sub>-AR-16 who used albuterol regularly had a small decline in morning peak expiratory flow (AM PEF). This effect was magnified during a 4-week run-out period, when all patients returned to as-needed albuterol only. By the end of the study, Arg/Arg subjects who had used albuterol regularly had an AM PEF 30.5 ± 12.1 liters/min lower (p = 0.012) than Arg/Arg patients who had used albuterol as needed only. Subjects homozygous for glycine at β<sub>2</sub>-AR-16 showed no such decline. Evening PEF also declined in the Arg/Arg regular but not in as-need albuterol users. No significant differences between regular and as-needed treatment were associated with polymorphisms at β<sub>2</sub>-AR-27. <i>Conclusions:</i> Polymorphisms of the β<sub>2</sub>-AR may influence airway responses to regular inhaled β-agonist treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241061
title: Erratum: Clinicopathologic Features of Mucinous Gastric Carcinoma

description: <i>Background/Aims:</i> Mucinous gastric carcinoma (MGC) is a histopathologic subtype of gastric carcinoma with a poor prognosis. The purpose of this study was to compare the disease course of MGC with non-mucinous gastric carcinoma (NMGC) and study the clinicopathologic features that influence the prognosis of MGC patients. <i>Methods:</i> We reviewed the records of 2,383 patients with a confirmed histologic diagnosis of gastric carcinoma. There were 157 patients with MGC compared to 2,226 with NMGC. <i>Results:</i> A depth of invasion greater than T3 was more frequently found in MGC than in NMGC. The mean number of lymph nodes with metastases was 2.78 in MGC and 2.28 in NMGC (p &lt; 0.001). There were more MGC patients with TNM stages II through IV (UICC classification). The overall survival rate was lower for the MGC group (46.5%) than for the NMGC group (64.0%; p &lt; 0.05). Depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, and stage at diagnosis were significant factors affecting the outcome. <i>Conclusion:</i> The factors influencing the poorer prognosis (lower 5-year survival rate) of MGC are the advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, lymph node metastases, and a higher TNM status. Mucinous histologic type itself was not an independent predictive factor in survival.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241064
title: Erratum: RETRACTION: Intraoperative Touch Imprint Cytological Analysis of Sentinel Lymph Nodes for the Presence of Metastases in Breast Cancer

description: Background: Imprint cytology may provide a fast and accurate method for intraoperative screening of sentinel lymph nodes, so a decision can be made regarding whether to perform axillary clearance during primary surgery. If the findings are negative, in many cases axillary dissection can be omitted. Patients and Methods: 128 sentinel nodes from a cohort of 87 patients that had been identified using technetium-99m nanocolloid as a radioactive tracer and Patent blue dye were disected for rapid Diff-Quick stained touch preparations. Intraoperative evaluation of sentinel node status by imprint cytology was correlated with histopathological results of permanent sections. Tumor-negative nodes in routine paraffin sections were further investigated with the employment of an anti-cytokeratin antibody. Results: 36 of all sentinel nodes harbored metastases in the paraffin sections, of which 32 were identified by imprint cytology (sensitivity 88.8%). 3 sentinel nodes were positive by imprint cytology and negative by histopathology of the paraffin sections. Comparison of the results of the touch preparations with the final histopathology (hematoxylin-eosin and anticytokeratin antibody stains) demonstrated a sensitivity of 83.3% and a negative predictive value of 92.5%. The specificity and positive predictive value were 100% each. Conclusions: Touch imprint cytology is potentially useful for intraoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer patients.