cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.57780/esa-591xj9i
title: 16749

description: Starbursting galaxies present the best laboratory to study the CGM since they are likely undergoing strong accretion events which trigger intense star formation-driven outflows. However comma  very few observations exist that have directly imaged their CGM and quantified the fine-scale substructure. Recent ultra-deep Keck-KCWI observations have mapped optical emission lines in the CGM to a distance of over 30 kpc from IRAS08 comma  a nearby starbursting galaxy with evidence for an ongoing accretion event. These KCWI observations contain bright emission line knots with sizes of order hundreds of parsecs and no evidence of stellar continuum comma  implying a lack of stars. The properties of these emission knots are consistent with cool comma  condensing clouds in recent simulations. However comma  the sizes from KCWI are near the seeing limit comma  and the continuum measurement is hampered by sky subtraction uncertainties. We aim to use HST to zoom in on this substructure in the CGM of IRAS08 and test hypotheses explaining the sub-kiloparsec features. We propose for 5 orbits of WFC3-UVIS to obtain the Halpha+CORCHETE_OPENNIICORCHETE_CLOSE (F665N) and broad-band starlight (F467M  and  F775W) to measure the sizes and fluxes of the CGM emission knots. These data will allow us to differentiate between three possible scenarios giving rise to these knots comma  including the cool condensing clouds predicted in high resolution simulations comma  external HII regions comma  and dwarf galaxies. These observations are part of a larger program to directly image the optical emission lines of the CGM in starbursting galaxies. This HST imaging will therefore be a Rosetta Stone for interpreting future data as we move into the new era of direct imaging of the CGM.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283930.09fu
title: SH1283930.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5ehlww8
title: 16683

description: Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) have enormous importance to cosmology and astrophysics comma  but their progenitors and explosion mechanisms are not understood in detail. Recently comma  observations and theoretical models have suggested that not all thermonuclear white-dwarf supernova explosions are normal SN Ia. In particular comma  type Iax supernovae (SN Iax comma  peculiar cousins to SN Ia) comma  are thought to be exploding white dwarfs that are not completely disrupted comma  leaving behind a bound remnant. We propose late-time HST WFC3 observations of three recent SN Iax to directly observe if they each harbor a bound remnant comma  with a radiation-driven wind. Our program is designed to discover a new category of stars comma  powered by radioactivity comma  and to show that some thermonuclear supernovae are not terminal events in the life of their progenitor white dwarfs (unlike the complete disruption thought to occur in normal SN Ia).
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283931.09fu
title: SH1283931.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5kkir0r
title: 16379

description: This program comprises basic tests for measuring the read noise and dark current of the ACS WFC and for tracking the growth of hot pixels. The recorded frames are used to create bias and dark reference images for science data reduction and calibration. This program will be executed on Monday comma  Wednesday comma  and Friday of each week. To facilitate scheduling comma  this program is split into three proposals. This proposal covers 216 internal orbits (4 orbits-day x 54 days) from 28 Jun 2021 to 29 Oct 2021.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283932.09fu
title: SH1283932.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5lz5weo
title: 16221

description: Constraining systematic uncertainties is critical to accurately and confidently use type Ia supernovae as precise cosmological distance indicators.  The two dominant astrophysical systematics in optical-based studies are dust reddening and intrinsic color differences.  Swift ultraviolet observations of even the most normal type Ia supernovae show a large dispersion in colors comma  consistent with contributions from both intrinsic differences and dust reddening.  The four sets of high-quality ultraviolet spectra with the Hubble Space Telescope do not yet fully sample this distribution comma  but comparisons among them reveal a complexity which requires the contribution of multiple effects.  We request a series of ultraviolet spectroscopy of two more type Ia supernovae.  These will be chosen based on early Swift photometry to be of the undersampled red variety comma  allowing us to measure the wavelength dependence of the intrinsic color and-or host galaxy reddening by comparison with the existing samples.  We will determine the source of the differences and constrain the effect they have on the optical measurements used in cosmological measurements.  The spectra will also be a significant fraction of the local comparison sample against which we can compare the rest-frame ultraviolet spectra of higher redshift type Ia supernovae.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5nt4y1e
title: 17132

description: Early comma  ultraviolet (UV) observations of hydrogen rich Type IIP-L core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are critical for understanding the connection between massive red supergiant (RSG) stars comma  their mass loss comma  and the subsequent SN explosion.  During the RSG phase comma  a significant amount of mass loss occurs comma  and depending on the duration can surround the star with dense and extended circumstellar material (CSM).  When the star eventually explodes as a CCSN comma  high energy photons from the shock breakout ionizes the CSM.  These ionization features can be used to constrain the properties of the CSM comma  including metallicity density comma  and structure comma  mapping the evolution of the final years of life of the progenitor star. UV observations during the first two weeks after explosion are crucial for detecting these high ionization lines comma  and are the most sensitive to lower densities and weaker CSM interactions which may occur in lower mass RSG progenitors. The dearth of UV (particularly FUV) observations of Type IIP-L SNe at this phase has left many open-ended questions about the role CSM interaction plays in d_commanormald_comma Type II SNe comma  and a disruptive ToO with HST in the UV is crucial to obtaining these important data on a very short timescale.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283933.09fu
title: SH1283933.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5oa6eh5
title: 16879

description: The discovery of some impressively luminous galaxies in the early universe has prompted questions about how such galaxies can build up so quickly.  Remarkably comma  luminous galaxies appear to have built up a significant amount of dust content and shine brightly in the infrared comma  as early as 600 Myr after the Big Bang.  Yet comma  despite keen interest from the astronomical community comma  only two particularly luminous galaxies are known showing prominent dust emission at z>=8 comma  only one of which shows a bright ISM cooling line. Clearly comma  a larger number of IR luminous galaxies need to be identified and characterized in detail. Fortunately comma  thanks to on-going observations from an ALMA large program comma  far-IR observations have revealed prominent dust-continuum emission in two additional UV-bright galaxies at z>virgul8 comma  effectively doubling the number of such sources known in the first 650 Myr.  Given the existence of only low spatial resolution imaging data of these sources from the ground comma  we propose for the necessary HST imaging to obtain a high spatial-resolution view of the unobscured star formation in the sources to match the far-IR view provided by ALMA comma  allowing for a more integration view of star formation.  For better sensitivity and to provide for a resolved view of dust obscuration comma  two-band F125W+F160W observations are requested.  One significant benefit of the proposed observations -- and a key rationale for mid-cycle time -- is this program.s significantly improving prospects for detecting ISM-cooling lines in the sources thanks to the improved photometric redshift constraints.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283934.09fu
title: SH1283934.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5t91b42
title: 16650

description: This proposal directly addresses a missing link in the story of galaxy formationdoublePoint the physical connection between feedback from a galaxy.s supermassive black hole and the kiloparsec-scale gas flows that comprise the circumgalactic medium (CGM). Now well-established comma  the relationship between the properties of the highly-ionized CGM and a galaxy.s star formation history is one of the most surprising and informative results from the last decade of HST-COS observations. Similar to the black hole (BH) M-sigma relation comma  such a global relationship likely reflects multi-scale feedback processes. We have assembled a novel sample of eight nearby virgulL* galaxies for which the SMBHs have dynamically resolved mass measurements comma  and which have nine FUV-bright background QSOs close on the sky ( Rproj < 130 kpc).  The sample galaxies span a narrow range in stellar mass comma  but host SMBHs that vary in mass by nearly two orders of magnitude.  COS spectroscopy of the background QSOs will establish the relationship between the cumulative feedback energy associated with long-term BH growth (as traced by the BH mass) and the content and kinematics of the gaseous halos around these systems. Specifically comma  we will measure CIV column densities and kinematics to test two predictionsdoublePoint (1) that galaxies with more massive BHs have more evacuated CGMs  and (2) that more massive BHs drive more extreme halo gas kinematics.  The HST-COS-G160M observations we propose will be the first and only empirical test to constrain the existence of any such connection  between long-term SMBH growth and the physical state of the surrounding halo gas.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5tk1rbk
title: 16819

description: The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) Director has decided to devote up to 1000 orbits of Director.s Discretionary time in observing Cycles 27-29 to a new Hubble Ultraviolet Legacy program focused on star formation and associated stellar physics. This new program comma  ULLYSES (UV Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards) comma  will provide a UV spectroscopic reference sample of young (< 10 Myr) high- and low-mass stars. It will target over virgul150 OB stars in the Magellanic Clouds and lower metallicity galaxies in the Local Group comma  and virgul40 T Tauri stars and brown dwarfs in the Milky Way. In addition comma  ULLYSES will monitor 4 typical T Tauri stars over different rotational phases through at least three rotation periods comma  and over timescales of months to years. The resulting library will provide template spectra of massive stars at metallicities substantially below the well studied comma  while the low mass sample will cover a wide range of ages comma  accretion rates comma  and masses comma  including objects down to well below 0.5 M_sun. The legacy of this large UV dataset on the first 10 Myr of stellar evolution will be enhanced by complementary datasets obtained by the scientific community. In addition to the core goals of the program related to stellar astrophysics of low and high mass stars comma  this data will also enable exciting science in the fields of ISM comma  CGM comma  jets comma  and exoplanets. ULLYSES will be modeled after the Frontier Fields programdoublePoint all data obtained will be non-proprietary. The implementation team at STScI is developing high-level science data products and a sophisticated database and website for disseminating data from the ULLYSES program and ancillary datasets for the ULLYSES target sample from space and ground-based facilities.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283935.09fu
title: SH1283935.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5urzxj8
title: 16193

description: Juno and HST form a powerful and unique combination to unravel the processes coupling the Jovian magnetosphere to its atmosphere through its auroras. As an example comma  context images of the UV auroras offered by HST help making sense out of the Juno in situ measurements and disentangle spatial from temporal effects. As Juno.s orbit evolves comma  new challenges and opportunities emerge during cycle 28. In particular comma  Juno will fly at lower and lower altitudes over the north pole comma  potentially accessing the deepest part of the region where the charged particle causing the aurora get accelerated. Unfortunately comma  Juno.s remote sensing instruments will be too close to Jupiter and Juno will fly to fast in the North to offer global images of the auroras associated with the in situ wave comma  field and particle measurements. Only HST is able to provide the spatially resolved UV images critical to properly interpret the data. Furthermore comma  Juno will cross the magnetic equator closer and closer to Jupiter comma  exploring new areas where some key physics for the dynamics of the plasma in Jupiter.s magnetosphere takes place. Simultaneous global images with the STIS instrument will allow the identification and classification of the structures crossed by Juno as well as estimates of their spatial range and temporal variability. In return comma  Juno will unravel the plasma processes giving rise to the auroral feature imaged by HST. Finally comma  we will take advantage of a rare opportunity for truly simultaneous imaging of the two polar auroras of Jupiter when Juno is in the southern hemisphere to shed light on the mystery of the conjugate auroral flares in the polar-most region of the Jovian auroras.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5xsze3e
title: 16555

description: Measure a photometric standard star field in Omega Cen in 50CCD annually to monitor CCD sensitivity over the whole field of view. This test will give a direct transformation of the 50CCD magnitudes to the Johnson-Cousins system for red sources. These transformations should be accurate to 1%.  The stability of these transformations will be measured to the sub-percent level. These observations also provide a check of the astrometric and PSF stability of the instrument over its full field of view.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283936.09fu
title: SH1283936.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-5xwt8oz
title: 16061

description: PSR J1023+0038 is a binary system that hosts a neutron star and a low-mass comma  main sequence companion star. It has been observed to switch on timescales of years between a radio millisecond pulsar state and a disc-dominated state comma  of uncertain origin. After its last switch to a disc-dominated state in 2013 comma  the source has been the object of extensive multiwavelength monitoring campaigns comma  during which the continuous switch between three X-ray modes (high comma  low and flare) on timescales of 10 s has been observed. Here we propose the ultimate comma  strictly simultaneous comma  multi-wavelength campaign to study in detail this unique mode-switching phenomenon. We will involve NuSTAR comma  XMM-EPIC comma  Swift-UVOT comma  XMM-OM comma  VLT-HAWK-I comma  and VLA observations to probe models using correlations and lags (a profitable tool to study the emission mechanisms) comma  as well as establish differences among the power spectra of the multi-band light curves. We will also track the elusive pulsations along the spectral energy distribution.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1283937.09fu
title: SH1283937.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.