DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pc866t21s
title: Data from: Wild cherries, petioles and geography: Response to locational and elevational trends in Türkiye

description: Widely distributed plants demonstrate a number of anatomical differences
 that help them adapt to the variable abiotic factors across their ranges,
 which in turn contributes to intraspecies variation. The genus Prunus L.
 subgenus Cerasus (Mill.) Focke is distributed across the three major
 phytogeographical regions (Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian and
 Irano-Turanian) of Türkiye and on either side of the major geological
 divide known as the Anatolian Diagonal. According to the Köppen-Geiger
 climate classification, Türkiye features 10 subclassifications in the arid
 semi-arid (B), temperate (C) and continental (D) zones. To explore how
 these affect the variation of this taxonomically complex subgenus, we
 examined the petiole anatomy of 63 individuals of its 10 species collected
 from across the country, characterizing their differences on a taxonomic
 level and investigating geographical and climatic sources of variation. To
 explore the variation in petiole anatomical characters, we employed
 multivariate linear and logistical regression analyses using altitude and
 coordinate data, as well as phytogeographical region and position in
 relation to the Anatolian Diagonal, as independent inputs. The results
 indicate that geographical position and altitude had an effect on petiole
 and vascular bundle dimensions, while climate zone is an important source
 of variation in cortex layer number and nodal pattern for some species.
 Analysing the group as a whole also yields some insight into the
 differences that may help species adapt to their specific surroundings.
 Additionally, we discuss differences in petiole anatomy among species,
 their implications for taxonomy and provide a key based on petiole cross
 sections.
description: # Data from: Wild cherries, petioles and geography: Response to locational
 and elevational trends in Türkiye Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.pc866t21s](10.5061/dryad.pc866t21s) ## Description of the
 data and file structure Wild cherries, petioles and geography: response to
 locational and elevational trends in Türkiye Dataset DOI:
 10.5061/dryad.pc866t21s Summary To explore the variation of subgenus
 Cerasus in Türkiye, we examined the petiole anatomy of 63 individuals of
 its 10 species collected from across the country, characterizing their
 differences on a taxonomic level and investigating geographical and
 climatic sources of variation. To explore the variation in petiole
 anatomical characters, we employed multivariate linear and logistical
 regression analyses using altitude and coordinate data, as well as
 phytogeographical region and position in relation to the Anatolian
 Diagonal, as independent inputs. We used seven quantitative (width, height
 and width/height ratio of petiole and petiole vascular bundle, number of
 cortex layers) and seven qualitative (shape of epidermis cells and petiole
 cross-section; presence of papillae, trichomes, prismatic crystals and
 sclerenchyma; and nodal pattern) petiole anatomical features. For
 taxonomic analyses, we used one-way ANOVA using quantitative data to
 determine statistically significant features (p≤0.01), which were used in
 PCoAs along with qualitative characters. We used logistical regression to
 assess whether features change in regard to phytogeographical region or
 position in relation to the Anatolian Diagonal in Minitab statistical
 software. To accommodate species confined to one side of the Diagonal or
 one phytogeographic region, we also performed multivariate linear
 regression (MLR) using latitude, longitude and altitude as independent
 variables, and quantitative data as dependent variables. PCoA using
 Gower’s algorithm and MLR analyses were performed using PAST software
 version 4.03. **Description of the data and file structure** The data used
 in the statistical analysis of the study are given in comma delimited
 *.csv format. The measurements were taken with Argenit Kameram v3.1
 software. more details on method is given in the article under subtitle
 "taxonomic and geographic analyses". The file contains following
 variables: Vascular bundle width (micrometer), Vascular bundle height
 (micrometer), Vascular Bundle width-to-height ratio, Petiole width,
 Petiole height, Petiole width-to-height ratio, Cortex layers, Epidermis
 cell shape, Presence of papillae, Presence of trichomes,Presence of
 prismatic crystals, Petiole shape, Presence of sclerenchyma, Nodal
 pattern, Altitude (metres), Longtitude, Latitude. The file contains the
 data formatted for analysis in PAST (PAleontological STatistics) version
 4.03 software. CP Numbers are the collection numbers, and taxon names were
 abbreviated for easier use. Köppen-Geiger, diagonal and region
 informations are abbreviated and the abbreviations are given in this
 read-me file. Altitude is given in the table as meters above sea level.
 Latitude and longitude are given in decimal degree format. All
 measurements are in micrometers, and the presence/absence data are given
 in binary codes (1 as presence, 0 as absence). Abbreviations: CP No,
 collector numbers; W, width; H, height. Taxon: ALB, Prunus albicans; AVI,
 Prunus avium; BRA, Prunus brachypetala; CER, Prunus cerasus; HIP, Prunus
 hippophaeoides; INC, Prunus incana; MAH, Prunus mahaleb; MIC, Prunus
 microcarpa; PRO, Prunus prostrata. Relationship to the Anatolian Diagonal:
 E, east; W, west; O, on (the Anatolian Diagonal). Phytogeographical
 region: I, Irano-Turanian; C, Colchic; M, Mediterranean.  Köppen-Geiger
 Climate classifications: BSh, hot desert and semi-arid; BSk, cold desert
 and semi-arid; Csa, hot-summer temperate with mild winters; Csb,
 warm-summer temperate with mild winters; Cfa, humid sub-tropical; Cfb,
 oceanic; Dsa, hot-summer humid continental with cold winters; Dfa,
 continental with cold winters averaging above 22 °C in hottest month; Dsb
 warm-summer humid; Dfb; continental with cold winters occurring poleward
 of hot summer continental climates. Access information Other publicly
 accessible locations of the data: This data is available as supplementary
 material in the research article Data was derived from the following
 sources: Anatomical data was produced by the Biodiversity Research Group
 of Istanbul University's Botany department. Collection data for
 specimens used is available at ISTF digital herbarium
 [https://istf.istanbul.edu.tr/](https://istf.istanbul.edu.tr/),
 Phytogeographical regions are based on Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean
 Islands (Davis 1971).