cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858278
title: Application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in the Gap Filling of Meteorological Time Series

description: Abstract This study estimates and fills real flaws in a series of meteorological data belonging to four regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro. For this, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) was applied. In order to evaluate its adequacy, the monthly variables of maximum air temperature and relative humidity of the period between 05/31/2002 and 12/31/2014 were estimated and compared with the results obtained by Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Regions Average (RA), and still faced with the recorded data. To analyze the estimated values and define the best model for filling, statistical techniques were applied such as correlation coefficient (r), Mean Percentage Error (MPE) and others. The results showed a high relation with the recorded data, presenting indexes between 0.94 to 0.98 of (r) for maximum air temperature and between 2.32% to 1.05% of (MPE), maintaining the precision between 97% A 99%. For the relative air humidity, the index (r) with MLP remained between 0.77 and 0.94 and (MPE) between 2.41% and 1.85%, maintaining estimates between 97% and 98%. These results highlight MLP as being effective in estimating and filling missing values.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858275.v1
title: Post-harvest quality of ‘Vitória’ pineapple as a function of the types of shoots and age of the plant for floral induction

description: Abstract For the production and quality of pineapple fruits, the appropriate choice of the type of propagule to be used combined with the management of the ages for floral induction are important factors to reach the maximum of desirable characteristics that will define the success in the production of the pineapple and its good acceptance in the market. The objective of this research was to evaluate the post-harvest quality of fruits developed from different types of shoots and ages of floral induction of ‘Vitória’ pineapple. The experiment was carried out in a complete randomized block design with four replications. The plots were made up of the shoots (slip and sucker) and the subplots were composed of the different ages of floral induction (8, 10 and 12 months after planting and natural flowering). Evaluations of biomass characteristics of fruits with and without crown, circumference, length, diameter, firmness, translucency, pulp color and physicochemical quality were performed. No significant interaction was observed for the biometric and biomass variables, and the type of shoots influenced only the crown biomass and the central cylinder diameter, which were higher in the slips. In addition, for the attributes color, translucent area and firmness, no interaction was found, and they were influenced only by the induction times, except for the variable color referring to the intensity of green and red colors. Regardless of the types of the shootss evaluated in the environmental conditions of planting carried out in April 2015, the fruits originated from natural inductions and inductions at 12 months presented greater firmness, a desirable characteristic for export and industrialization, mainly for the processing of slices of pineapple, pieces in syrup and crystallized. The slips natural induced and induced at 12 months provided fruits with a greater ratio between soluble solids and acidity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858278.v1
title: Application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in the Gap Filling of Meteorological Time Series

description: Abstract This study estimates and fills real flaws in a series of meteorological data belonging to four regions of the state of Rio de Janeiro. For this, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) was applied. In order to evaluate its adequacy, the monthly variables of maximum air temperature and relative humidity of the period between 05/31/2002 and 12/31/2014 were estimated and compared with the results obtained by Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Regions Average (RA), and still faced with the recorded data. To analyze the estimated values and define the best model for filling, statistical techniques were applied such as correlation coefficient (r), Mean Percentage Error (MPE) and others. The results showed a high relation with the recorded data, presenting indexes between 0.94 to 0.98 of (r) for maximum air temperature and between 2.32% to 1.05% of (MPE), maintaining the precision between 97% A 99%. For the relative air humidity, the index (r) with MLP remained between 0.77 and 0.94 and (MPE) between 2.41% and 1.85%, maintaining estimates between 97% and 98%. These results highlight MLP as being effective in estimating and filling missing values.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858269
title: Assessment of Precipitation Trends in the Sertão Paraibano Mesoregion

description: Abstract The state of Paraíba, located in the northeastern region of Brazil, comprises 223 municipalities and covers an area of 56,469 km2. Paraíba is divided into four major mesoregions: Zona da Mata, Agreste, Borborema and Sertão Paraibano. For this study, the Sertão Paraibano mesoregion, a semiarid area, was chosen to understand vulnerability to climate change, taking into account the region’s economic importance for water and energy supply. The Mann-Kendall non-parametric test was applied to evaluate trends in the historical series of monthly, trimestrial, biannual and annual precipitation data. The series utilized corresponded to the period 1912-2012 and were built from data generated by five meteorological stations distributed throughout the mesoregion. These stations are maintained by the Executive Agency for Water Management (AESA) and National Department of Works Against Drought (DNOCS). The results indicated increasing precipitation trends for the Sertão Paraibano mesoregion, especially in the annual evaluation, for the first semester of the year (January to June), for the trimester December-January-February and the month of January, with slopes between 2.67 mm/year and 5.45 mm/year. The results evidenced the need to deepen studies on the influence of climate change in the area, to promote prompt adaptation measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858269.v1
title: Assessment of Precipitation Trends in the Sertão Paraibano Mesoregion

description: Abstract The state of Paraíba, located in the northeastern region of Brazil, comprises 223 municipalities and covers an area of 56,469 km2. Paraíba is divided into four major mesoregions: Zona da Mata, Agreste, Borborema and Sertão Paraibano. For this study, the Sertão Paraibano mesoregion, a semiarid area, was chosen to understand vulnerability to climate change, taking into account the region’s economic importance for water and energy supply. The Mann-Kendall non-parametric test was applied to evaluate trends in the historical series of monthly, trimestrial, biannual and annual precipitation data. The series utilized corresponded to the period 1912-2012 and were built from data generated by five meteorological stations distributed throughout the mesoregion. These stations are maintained by the Executive Agency for Water Management (AESA) and National Department of Works Against Drought (DNOCS). The results indicated increasing precipitation trends for the Sertão Paraibano mesoregion, especially in the annual evaluation, for the first semester of the year (January to June), for the trimester December-January-February and the month of January, with slopes between 2.67 mm/year and 5.45 mm/year. The results evidenced the need to deepen studies on the influence of climate change in the area, to promote prompt adaptation measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858263
title: A Long-term Estrogen Deficiency in Ovariectomized Mice is Associated with Disturbances in Fatty Acid Oxidation and Oxidative Stress

description: Abstract Objective The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes caused by estrogen deficiency in lipid metabolism. Methods This study encompassed direct measurements of plasma biochemical analyses, liver lipid contents, and assessments of the mitochondrial β-oxidation capacity as well as an evaluation of the liver redox status in an animal model of estrogen deficiency. Results When compared with control mice, the livers of ovariectomized (OVX) mice presented considerable accretions in their lipid contents, which were accompanied by increased levels of lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates andmitochondria from OVX groups and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) contents. In isolated mitochondria, estrogen deficiency inhibited mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids irrespective of their chain length. The liver mitochondrial and peroxisomal H2O2 generations in OVX mice were increased. Additionally, the activities of all antioxidant enzymes assessed were decreased. Conclusion These data provide one potential explanation for the increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases observed after menopause.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858266
title: Discussion practices in the mathematics classroom: the cases of two teachers

description: Abstract Mathematical discussions are a powerful activity for students’ learning by supporting the presentation, justification, argumentation, and systematization of the reasoning associated to the work on mathematical tasks. The teacher plays a fundamental role in leading the discussion, being called to carry out a set of instructional actions, based on his/her didactic knowledge. In this paper, we present discussions practices of two 8th grade mathematics teachers, in order to understand how they use discussions when teaching algebra topics. The study is qualitative and interpretive and is based on the case study of two teachers, who are part of a collaborative group. The results show that the teachers structure the mathematical discussion at three main moments and manage the discourse for the generalization of algebraic ideas. Thereby, they undertake a set of instructional actions that help the presentation, justification, and argumentation of several solution strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858266.v1
title: Discussion practices in the mathematics classroom: the cases of two teachers

description: Abstract Mathematical discussions are a powerful activity for students’ learning by supporting the presentation, justification, argumentation, and systematization of the reasoning associated to the work on mathematical tasks. The teacher plays a fundamental role in leading the discussion, being called to carry out a set of instructional actions, based on his/her didactic knowledge. In this paper, we present discussions practices of two 8th grade mathematics teachers, in order to understand how they use discussions when teaching algebra topics. The study is qualitative and interpretive and is based on the case study of two teachers, who are part of a collaborative group. The results show that the teachers structure the mathematical discussion at three main moments and manage the discourse for the generalization of algebraic ideas. Thereby, they undertake a set of instructional actions that help the presentation, justification, and argumentation of several solution strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858260
title: Ajmalicine Bioproduction in Catharanthus Roseus (L) G. Don Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Fertilized with Nitrogen

description: ABSTRACT Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don (Madagascar periwinkle) belongs to the Apocynaceace family and is widely spread throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The plant produces several important alkaloids, such as ajmalicine and serpentine, which are used in the treatment of circulatory diseases. The potential of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen fertilization to enhance the production of alkaloids was investigated in periwinkle. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and N fertilizer dosages on plant growth, production of ajmalicine, and nutrient content in roots. The concentration of ajmalicine was determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with four microbiological treatments (control - without mycorrhiza; Claroideoglomus etunicatum; Rhizophagus intraradices; mixed inoculum - Rhizophagus clarus + Gigaspora margarita), and four N fertilizer dosages (15, 30, 60, and 120 mg kg-1) with four replications. Catharanthus roseus growth was higher when plants were inoculated with mixed inoculum (R. intraradices + G. margarita) and C. etunicatum. The mixed inoculum (R. intraradices + G. margarita) and C. etunicatum, combined with N fertilization, enhanced ajmalicine yield. Catharanthus roseus inoculated with mycorrhiza showed increased P absorption and reduced N content.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858263.v1
title: A Long-term Estrogen Deficiency in Ovariectomized Mice is Associated with Disturbances in Fatty Acid Oxidation and Oxidative Stress

description: Abstract Objective The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes caused by estrogen deficiency in lipid metabolism. Methods This study encompassed direct measurements of plasma biochemical analyses, liver lipid contents, and assessments of the mitochondrial β-oxidation capacity as well as an evaluation of the liver redox status in an animal model of estrogen deficiency. Results When compared with control mice, the livers of ovariectomized (OVX) mice presented considerable accretions in their lipid contents, which were accompanied by increased levels of lipid peroxidation in liver homogenates andmitochondria from OVX groups and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) contents. In isolated mitochondria, estrogen deficiency inhibited mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids irrespective of their chain length. The liver mitochondrial and peroxisomal H2O2 generations in OVX mice were increased. Additionally, the activities of all antioxidant enzymes assessed were decreased. Conclusion These data provide one potential explanation for the increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases observed after menopause.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858260.v1
title: Ajmalicine Bioproduction in Catharanthus Roseus (L) G. Don Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Fertilized with Nitrogen

description: ABSTRACT Catharanthus roseus (L) G. Don (Madagascar periwinkle) belongs to the Apocynaceace family and is widely spread throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The plant produces several important alkaloids, such as ajmalicine and serpentine, which are used in the treatment of circulatory diseases. The potential of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen fertilization to enhance the production of alkaloids was investigated in periwinkle. A greenhouse experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and N fertilizer dosages on plant growth, production of ajmalicine, and nutrient content in roots. The concentration of ajmalicine was determined by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme with four microbiological treatments (control - without mycorrhiza; Claroideoglomus etunicatum; Rhizophagus intraradices; mixed inoculum - Rhizophagus clarus + Gigaspora margarita), and four N fertilizer dosages (15, 30, 60, and 120 mg kg-1) with four replications. Catharanthus roseus growth was higher when plants were inoculated with mixed inoculum (R. intraradices + G. margarita) and C. etunicatum. The mixed inoculum (R. intraradices + G. margarita) and C. etunicatum, combined with N fertilization, enhanced ajmalicine yield. Catharanthus roseus inoculated with mycorrhiza showed increased P absorption and reduced N content.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858254
title: Decreased levels of vitamin D3 and supplementation with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-glycoside on performance, carcass yield and bone quality in broilers

description: ABSTRACT: An experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of decreased levels of vitamin D3 in the premix and 1,25-dyhydroxyvitamin D3-glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside) supplementation on performance, carcass yield and bone quality in 42d old broilers. Seven-d-old male chickens Cobb500® were distributed in a randomized design with six treatments: a control diet with inclusion of vitamin D3 in the premix, without supplementation of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside, and five diets with decreased levels of vitamin D3 (100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% about the control) plus the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside, 50g ton-1 of diet. The main results were to reduce the tenor of Vitamin D3 in the premix when the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside did not affect (P&gt;0.05) the performance, carcass yield and bone quality variables. However, performance (feed intake, gain weight, feed conversion), yield (warm carcass weight) and bone quality (dry weight, length, mineral matter and breaking strength) of broilers fed with diets without vitamin D3 in the premix and with addition of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside, which was the single source of vitamin D, had as a result very low (P&lt;0.05) values comparing to the control. For the purposes of the present research, it was concluded that is possible the reduction of vitamin D3 tenor in the premix up to 75% when the diet of male broilers is supplemented with 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside. However, the use of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside as a single source of vitamin D, as tested here, is not recommended for broilers diets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858251
title: Soil Biological, Chemical, and Physical Properties After a Wildfire Event in a Eucalyptus Forest in the Pampa Biome

description: ABSTRACT Wildfire events cause considerable environmental disturbance but few studies have examined changes in soil properties due to fire. This study aimed to assess the effect of a wildfire event on chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil in a eucalyptus forest in the Pampa biome. Part of a seven-year-old eucalyptus forest was affected by a wildfire event that lasted for two days. Soil and plant litter sampling was performed in three areas: in the forest that was not affected by the fire, in the forest affected by it, and in an adjacent natural pasture area (the original vegetation). Seven samples were collected from the 0.00-0.05 and 0.05-0.20 m layers of each plot for biological analysis, and three samples were collected for chemical and physical analyses. Disturbed soil samples were collected in order to determine pH, organic matter, acidity, and nutrient content. Undisturbed samples were collected to determine soil microporosity, macroporosity, total porosity, and density. Soil macrofauna was assessed through the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility method, and biological activity was tested through substrate consumption in the bait-lamina test. The fire increased soil pH values, CEC, and base saturation, as well as K, Ca, and Mg content; it decreased potential acidity and P content in the soil. Soil physical properties were not altered by the wildfire. The total abundance of macrofauna and of annelids, arachnids, coleoptera, and isoptera decreased due to the wildfire, resulting in lower soil diversity. Hymenoptera abundance increased because of the fire event. The feeding activity of organisms in the soil surface layer decreased due to the fire. The wildfire in the eucalyptus forest in the Pampa biome altered soil chemical and biological properties.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858254.v1
title: Decreased levels of vitamin D3 and supplementation with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-glycoside on performance, carcass yield and bone quality in broilers

description: ABSTRACT: An experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of decreased levels of vitamin D3 in the premix and 1,25-dyhydroxyvitamin D3-glycoside (1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside) supplementation on performance, carcass yield and bone quality in 42d old broilers. Seven-d-old male chickens Cobb500® were distributed in a randomized design with six treatments: a control diet with inclusion of vitamin D3 in the premix, without supplementation of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside, and five diets with decreased levels of vitamin D3 (100%, 75%, 50%, 25% and 0% about the control) plus the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside, 50g ton-1 of diet. The main results were to reduce the tenor of Vitamin D3 in the premix when the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside did not affect (P&gt;0.05) the performance, carcass yield and bone quality variables. However, performance (feed intake, gain weight, feed conversion), yield (warm carcass weight) and bone quality (dry weight, length, mineral matter and breaking strength) of broilers fed with diets without vitamin D3 in the premix and with addition of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside, which was the single source of vitamin D, had as a result very low (P&lt;0.05) values comparing to the control. For the purposes of the present research, it was concluded that is possible the reduction of vitamin D3 tenor in the premix up to 75% when the diet of male broilers is supplemented with 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside. However, the use of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside as a single source of vitamin D, as tested here, is not recommended for broilers diets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6858248
title: Knowledge Extensions in the Construction of Decimal Numbers Understanding

description: Abstract Considering a perspective of numerical development where the concept of number is expanded as different number sets are approached, it's only natural that pupils rely on their knowledge and extend them to the new sets, which does not always lead to correct conclusions. Hence, in this paper we aim to understand the potential of situations that suggest incorrect knowledge extensions as a means to promote the construction of decimal number understanding. Part of a broader study that follows a Design Based Research is reported, within which a teaching experiment was carried out with 25 students and their teacher, in 3rd and 4th grades. In this paper, we analyze the discussions among four students, organized in pairs, regarding tasks that promoted the discussion of three common incorrect knowledge extensions. The results evidence that the proposed situations promote the use of justifications and counterexamples, developing mathematical reasoning. The results also reveal the potential to build decimal number understanding, namely in models use, unit conceptualization, and place value concept, in particular zero.