cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849857
title: Evaluating an Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) amendment for communities impacted by residential woodsmoke in British Columbia, Canada

description: Smoke from burning biomass is an important source of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), but the health risks may not be fully captured by the Canadian Air Quality Health Index (AQHI). In May 2018, the province of British Columbia launched an evidence-based amendment (AQHI-Plus) to improve AQHI performance for wildfire smoke, but the AQHI-Plus was not developed or tested on data from the residential woodsmoke season. This study assesses how the AQHI and AQHI-Plus are associated with acute health outcomes during the cooler seasons of 2010–2017 in British Columbia, Canada. Monthly and daily patterns of temperature and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were used to identify Local Health Areas (LHAs) that were impacted by residential woodsmoke. The effects of the AQHI and AQHI-Plus on five acute health outcomes (including non-accidental mortality, outpatient physician visits, and medical dispensations for cardiopulmonary conditions) were estimated using generalized linear mixed effect models with Poisson distributions adjusted for long- and short-term temperature trends. Values of the Akaike information criterion (AIC) were compared to evaluate whether the AQHI or AQHI-Plus was better fitted to each health outcome. Eleven LHAs were categorized as woodsmoke-impacted. In these LHAs, the AQHI and AQHI-Plus associations with acute health outcomes were sensitive to temperature adjustments. After temperature adjustments, the most consistent associations were observed for the two asthma-specific outcomes where the AQHI-Plus was better fitted than the AQHI. The improved performance of the AQHI-Plus for susceptible populations with asthma is consistent between communities impacted by residential woodsmoke and wildfire smoke. <i>Implications</i>: Canada’s Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is a three pollutant index used to communicate the short term health impact of degraded air quality. As fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is the lowest weighted pollutant in the AQHI, the index is poorly reflective of woodsmoke impacts. The present analysis found that an AQHI amendment developed for improved sensitivity to PM<sub>2.5</sub> during wildfire seasons (AQHI-Plus) is also more predictive of acute asthma-related health outcomes in communities impacted by residential woodsmoke. The BC Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy has piloted the AQHI-Plus year-round. Other jurisdictions should consider whether their air quality indices are reflective of the risks posed by woodsmoke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849857.v2
title: Evaluating an Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) amendment for communities impacted by residential woodsmoke in British Columbia, Canada

description: Smoke from burning biomass is an important source of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), but the health risks may not be fully captured by the Canadian Air Quality Health Index (AQHI). In May 2018, the province of British Columbia launched an evidence-based amendment (AQHI-Plus) to improve AQHI performance for wildfire smoke, but the AQHI-Plus was not developed or tested on data from the residential woodsmoke season. This study assesses how the AQHI and AQHI-Plus are associated with acute health outcomes during the cooler seasons of 2010–2017 in British Columbia, Canada. Monthly and daily patterns of temperature and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations were used to identify Local Health Areas (LHAs) that were impacted by residential woodsmoke. The effects of the AQHI and AQHI-Plus on five acute health outcomes (including non-accidental mortality, outpatient physician visits, and medical dispensations for cardiopulmonary conditions) were estimated using generalized linear mixed effect models with Poisson distributions adjusted for long- and short-term temperature trends. Values of the Akaike information criterion (AIC) were compared to evaluate whether the AQHI or AQHI-Plus was better fitted to each health outcome. Eleven LHAs were categorized as woodsmoke-impacted. In these LHAs, the AQHI and AQHI-Plus associations with acute health outcomes were sensitive to temperature adjustments. After temperature adjustments, the most consistent associations were observed for the two asthma-specific outcomes where the AQHI-Plus was better fitted than the AQHI. The improved performance of the AQHI-Plus for susceptible populations with asthma is consistent between communities impacted by residential woodsmoke and wildfire smoke. <i>Implications</i>: Canada’s Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is a three pollutant index used to communicate the short term health impact of degraded air quality. As fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) is the lowest weighted pollutant in the AQHI, the index is poorly reflective of woodsmoke impacts. The present analysis found that an AQHI amendment developed for improved sensitivity to PM<sub>2.5</sub> during wildfire seasons (AQHI-Plus) is also more predictive of acute asthma-related health outcomes in communities impacted by residential woodsmoke. The BC Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Strategy has piloted the AQHI-Plus year-round. Other jurisdictions should consider whether their air quality indices are reflective of the risks posed by woodsmoke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849860
title: Measurements show that marginal wells are a disproportionate source of methane relative to production

description: Oil and natural gas wells are a prominent source of the greenhouse gas methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), but most measurements are from newer, high producing wells. There are nearly 700,000 marginal “stripper” wells in the US, which produce less than 15 barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) d<sup>−1</sup>. We made direct measurements of CH<sub>4</sub> and volatile organic carbon (VOC) emissions from marginal oil and gas wells in the Appalachian Basin of southeastern Ohio, all producing &lt; 1 BOE d<sup>−1</sup>. Methane and VOC emissions followed a skewed distribution, with many wells having zero or low emissions and a few wells responsible for the majority of emissions. The average CH<sub>4</sub> emission rate from marginal wells was 128 g h<sup>−1</sup> (median: 18 g h<sup>−1</sup>; range: 0– 907 g h<sup>−1</sup>). Follow-up measurements at five wells indicated high emissions were not episodic. Some wells were emitting all or more of the reported gas produced at each well, or venting gas from wells with no reported gas production. Measurements were made from wellheads only, not tanks, so our estimates may be conservative. Stochastic processes such as maintenance may be the main driver of emissions. Marginal wells are a disproportionate source of CH<sub>4</sub> and VOCs relative to oil and gas production. We estimate that oil and gas wells in this lowest production category emit approximately 11% of total annual CH<sub>4</sub> from oil and gas production in the EPA greenhouse gas inventory, although they produce about 0.2% of oil and 0.4% of gas in the US per year. <i>Implications</i>: Low producing marginal wells are the most abundant type of oil and gas well in the United States, and a surprising number of them are venting all or more of their reported produced gas to the atmosphere. This makes marginal wells a disproportionate greenhouse gas emissions source compared to their energy return, and a good target for environmental mitigation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849860.v2
title: Measurements show that marginal wells are a disproportionate source of methane relative to production

description: Oil and natural gas wells are a prominent source of the greenhouse gas methane (CH<sub>4</sub>), but most measurements are from newer, high producing wells. There are nearly 700,000 marginal “stripper” wells in the US, which produce less than 15 barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) d<sup>−1</sup>. We made direct measurements of CH<sub>4</sub> and volatile organic carbon (VOC) emissions from marginal oil and gas wells in the Appalachian Basin of southeastern Ohio, all producing &lt; 1 BOE d<sup>−1</sup>. Methane and VOC emissions followed a skewed distribution, with many wells having zero or low emissions and a few wells responsible for the majority of emissions. The average CH<sub>4</sub> emission rate from marginal wells was 128 g h<sup>−1</sup> (median: 18 g h<sup>−1</sup>; range: 0– 907 g h<sup>−1</sup>). Follow-up measurements at five wells indicated high emissions were not episodic. Some wells were emitting all or more of the reported gas produced at each well, or venting gas from wells with no reported gas production. Measurements were made from wellheads only, not tanks, so our estimates may be conservative. Stochastic processes such as maintenance may be the main driver of emissions. Marginal wells are a disproportionate source of CH<sub>4</sub> and VOCs relative to oil and gas production. We estimate that oil and gas wells in this lowest production category emit approximately 11% of total annual CH<sub>4</sub> from oil and gas production in the EPA greenhouse gas inventory, although they produce about 0.2% of oil and 0.4% of gas in the US per year. <i>Implications</i>: Low producing marginal wells are the most abundant type of oil and gas well in the United States, and a surprising number of them are venting all or more of their reported produced gas to the atmosphere. This makes marginal wells a disproportionate greenhouse gas emissions source compared to their energy return, and a good target for environmental mitigation.
DOI: 10.25919/rz1z-1828
title: Southern HII Region Discovery Survey (SHRDS): Dataset 4

description: The Southern HII Region Discovery Survey is an Australia Telescope Compact Array 4-6 and 8-10 GHz radio continuum and radio recombination line survey of Milky Way HII regions (Wenger et al., 2021). This data archive contains all relevant intermediate data products from the final SHRDS data release (the Full Catalog). For each observed HII region and calibrator field, this archive contains (1) a 4 GHz bandwidth, full-Stokes, multi-scale, multi-frequency synthesis (MS-MFS) continuum FITS image, (2) up to sixteen 256 MHz bandwidth, full-Stokes, MS-MFS continuum FITS images covering the full 4 GHz bandwidth, (3) a Stokes I MS-MFS FITS image of each RRL transition, (4) a Stokes I multi-scale FITS data cube of each RRL transition, and (5) a FITS image containing the watershed segmentation region for each identified HII region at each observed frequency. The archive also includes the relevant residual images/cubes and primary beam images for all of these data products, as well as all of the images and cubes smoothed to a common angular resolution.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3735672
title: de novo genome assemblies of black-tailed dusky antechinus (Antechinus arktos), silver-headed antechinus (Antechinus argentus), and black-tailed dasyure (Murexia melanurus)

description: de novo genome assemblies of the dasyurids black-tailed dusky antechinus (<em>Antechinus arktos</em>; assembly AA100A) and silver-headed antechinus (<em>Antechinus argentus</em>; assembly BD-17-5A) of Australia, and a dasyure from Papua New Guinea (<em>Murexia melanurus</em>; assembly 46020A). Paired-end (100 bp) DNA libraries were sequenced by BGI (Hong Kong) using a BGISEQ-500 instrument to generate ~30× genome coverage. Raw data (mean 948,503,285±3,100,231 reads) was filtered using Flexbar v3.4.0 [1,2] (to remove adapters and low-quality reads) with default settings. Whole-genome sequencing reads were used to generate de novo assemblies using SGA v0.10.15 [3]. Resulting scaffolds were gap filled using ‘sga gapfill’ and error-corrected FASTQ reads. Please see https://github.com/sciseim/semelparity for associated scripts. <strong>References</strong><br> 1 Roehr, J. T., Dieterich, C. & Reinert, K. Flexbar 3.0 - SIMD and multicore parallelization. Bioinformatics 33, 2941-2942, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx330 (2017).<br> 2 Dodt, M., Roehr, J. T., Ahmed, R. & Dieterich, C. FLEXBAR-Flexible Barcode and Adapter Processing for Next-Generation Sequencing Platforms. Biology (Basel) 1, 895-905, doi:10.3390/biology1030895 (2012).<br> 3 Simpson, J. T. & Durbin, R. Efficient de novo assembly of large genomes using compressed data structures. Genome Res 22, 549-556, doi:10.1101/gr.126953.111 (2012).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3735671
title: de novo genome assemblies of black-tailed dusky antechinus (Antechinus arktos), silver-headed antechinus (Antechinus argentus), and black-tailed dasyure (Murexia melanurus)

description: de novo genome assemblies of the dasyurids black-tailed dusky antechinus (<em>Antechinus arktos</em>; assembly AA100A) and silver-headed antechinus (<em>Antechinus argentus</em>; assembly BD-17-5A) of Australia, and a dasyure from Papua New Guinea (<em>Murexia melanurus</em>; assembly 46020A). Paired-end (100 bp) DNA libraries were sequenced by BGI (Hong Kong) using a BGISEQ-500 instrument to generate ~30× genome coverage. Raw data (mean 948,503,285±3,100,231 reads) was filtered using Flexbar v3.4.0 [1,2] (to remove adapters and low-quality reads) with default settings. Whole-genome sequencing reads were used to generate de novo assemblies using SGA v0.10.15 [3]. Resulting scaffolds were gap filled using ‘sga gapfill’ and error-corrected FASTQ reads. Please see https://github.com/sciseim/semelparity for associated scripts. <strong>References</strong><br> 1 Roehr, J. T., Dieterich, C. & Reinert, K. Flexbar 3.0 - SIMD and multicore parallelization. Bioinformatics 33, 2941-2942, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx330 (2017).<br> 2 Dodt, M., Roehr, J. T., Ahmed, R. & Dieterich, C. FLEXBAR-Flexible Barcode and Adapter Processing for Next-Generation Sequencing Platforms. Biology (Basel) 1, 895-905, doi:10.3390/biology1030895 (2012).<br> 3 Simpson, J. T. & Durbin, R. Efficient de novo assembly of large genomes using compressed data structures. Genome Res 22, 549-556, doi:10.1101/gr.126953.111 (2012).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3735686
title: Gapfilled nuclear genome assemblies of black-tailed dusky antechinus (Antechinus arktos), silver-headed antechinus (Antechinus argentus), and black-tailed dasyure (Murexia melanurus)

description: Paired-end (100 bp) DNA libraries were sequenced by BGI (Hong Kong) using a BGISEQ-500 instrument to generate ~30× genome coverage. Raw data (mean 948,503,285±3,100,231 reads) was filtered using Flexbar v3.4.0 [1,2] (to remove adapters and low-quality reads) with default settings. Paired-end sequence reads from whole-genome sequencing of the three dasyurid species to the repeat-masked reference genome assemblies of the dasyurids yellow-footed antechinus [<em>Antechinus flavipes</em>; assembly AdamAnt) and Tasmanian devil (<em>Sarcophilus harrisii</em>; assembly Devil_ref v7.0, also known as sarHar1 [3])]. Please see https://github.com/sciseim/semelparity for associated scripts. <strong>References</strong><br> 1 Roehr, J. T., Dieterich, C. & Reinert, K. Flexbar 3.0 - SIMD and multicore parallelization. Bioinformatics 33, 2941-2942, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx330 (2017).<br> 2 Dodt, M., Roehr, J. T., Ahmed, R. & Dieterich, C. FLEXBAR-Flexible Barcode and Adapter Processing for Next-Generation Sequencing Platforms. Biology (Basel) 1, 895-905, doi:10.3390/biology1030895 (2012).<br> 3 Murchison, E. P. et al. Genome sequencing and analysis of the Tasmanian devil and its transmissible cancer. Cell 148, 780-791, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.11.065 (2012).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3735685
title: Gapfilled nuclear genome assemblies of black-tailed dusky antechinus (Antechinus arktos), silver-headed antechinus (Antechinus argentus), and black-tailed dasyure (Murexia melanurus)

description: Paired-end (100 bp) DNA libraries were sequenced by BGI (Hong Kong) using a BGISEQ-500 instrument to generate ~30× genome coverage. Raw data (mean 948,503,285±3,100,231 reads) was filtered using Flexbar v3.4.0 [1,2] (to remove adapters and low-quality reads) with default settings. Paired-end sequence reads from whole-genome sequencing of the three dasyurid species to the repeat-masked reference genome assemblies of the dasyurids yellow-footed antechinus [<em>Antechinus flavipes</em>; assembly AdamAnt) and Tasmanian devil (<em>Sarcophilus harrisii</em>; assembly Devil_ref v7.0, also known as sarHar1 [3])]. Please see https://github.com/sciseim/semelparity for associated scripts. <strong>References</strong><br> 1 Roehr, J. T., Dieterich, C. & Reinert, K. Flexbar 3.0 - SIMD and multicore parallelization. Bioinformatics 33, 2941-2942, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btx330 (2017).<br> 2 Dodt, M., Roehr, J. T., Ahmed, R. & Dieterich, C. FLEXBAR-Flexible Barcode and Adapter Processing for Next-Generation Sequencing Platforms. Biology (Basel) 1, 895-905, doi:10.3390/biology1030895 (2012).<br> 3 Murchison, E. P. et al. Genome sequencing and analysis of the Tasmanian devil and its transmissible cancer. Cell 148, 780-791, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.11.065 (2012).
DOI: 10.25919/p1aa-9305
title: Parkes observations for project P960 semester 2021APRS_03

description: We aim to carry out receiver pointing and characterisation tests of Parkes receivers. Typically, these tests are carried out after the receiver package is installed, but time does not always allow for proper characterisation. Receivers for consideration include UWL, MARS, SX, K/KU-BAND and 13MM packages. In addition to cross-referencing C007 for flux calibration via pointing, we aim to conduct gain-elevation and system temperature experiments using the Moon, to ensure users of the Parkes Observatory have the most accurate information available for calibration purposes. We also wish to fully characterise the spectro-polarimetry response of the UWL, by determining the Mueller Matrix of the receiver.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13302561.v1
title: Laplace Estimator of Integrated Volatility When Sampling Times Are Endogenous

description: We study a class of nonparametric volatility estimators based on the Laplace transform, which are robust to the presence of the endogeneity of observation times. Asymptotic properties and feasible central limit theorems are established. In the presence of time endogeneity, our bias-corrected Laplace estimator takes advantage of the informational content of time endogeneity, which leads to narrower confidence bounds. The finite sample properties of the estimator are studied through Monte Carlo simulations. Through the simulation study, we also find that due to the presence of the kernel, Laplace estimator could be adopted in a model with microstructure noise. The performance of the Laplace estimator is compared with other commonly used estimators through forecasting exercises by employing high frequency data. We conclude that the bias-corrected Laplace estimator performs better than most estimators in terms of forecasting equity return volatility in the presence of both time endogeneity and market microstructure noise.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13690600
title: Bayesian Approach to Lorenz Curve Using Time Series Grouped Data

description: This study is concerned with estimating the inequality measures associated with the underlying hypothetical income distribution from the times series grouped data on the income proportions. We adopt the Dirichlet likelihood approach where the parameters of the Dirichlet likelihood are set to the differences between the Lorenz curve of the hypothetical income distribution for the consecutive income classes and propose a state-space model which combines the transformed parameters of the Lorenz curve through a time series structure. The present article also studies the possibility of extending the likelihood model by considering a generalized version of the Dirichlet distribution where the mean is modeled based on the Lorenz curve with an additional hierarchical structure. The simulated data and real data on the Japanese monthly income survey confirmed that the proposed approach produces more efficient estimates on the inequality measures than the existing method that estimates the model independently without time series structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13690600.v2
title: Bayesian Approach to Lorenz Curve Using Time Series Grouped Data

description: This study is concerned with estimating the inequality measures associated with the underlying hypothetical income distribution from the times series grouped data on the income proportions. We adopt the Dirichlet likelihood approach where the parameters of the Dirichlet likelihood are set to the differences between the Lorenz curve of the hypothetical income distribution for the consecutive income classes and propose a state-space model which combines the transformed parameters of the Lorenz curve through a time series structure. The present article also studies the possibility of extending the likelihood model by considering a generalized version of the Dirichlet distribution where the mean is modeled based on the Lorenz curve with an additional hierarchical structure. The simulated data and real data on the Japanese monthly income survey confirmed that the proposed approach produces more efficient estimates on the inequality measures than the existing method that estimates the model independently without time series structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13690600.v1
title: Bayesian approach to Lorenz curve using time series grouped data

description: This study is concerned with estimating the inequality measures associated with the underlying hypothetical income distribution from the times series grouped data on the income proportions. We adopt the Dirichlet likelihood approach where the parameters of the Dirichlet likelihood are set to the differences between the Lorenz curve of the hypothetical income distribution for the consecutive income classes and propose a state space model which combines the transformed parameters of the Lorenz curve through a time series structure. The present paper also studies the possibility of extending the likelihood model by considering a generalized version of the Dirichlet distribution where the mean is modeled based on the Lorenz curve with an additional hierarchical structure. The simulated data and real data on the Japanese monthly income survey confirmed that the proposed approach produces more efficient estimates on the inequality measures than the existing method that estimates the model independently without time series structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13207919
title: Instrument Validity Tests With Causal Forests

description: Assumptions that are sufficient to identify local average treatment effects (LATEs) generate necessary conditions that allow instrument validity to be refuted. The degree to which instrument validity is violated, however, probably varies across subpopulations. In this article, we use causal forests to search and test for such local violations of the LATE assumptions in a data-driven way. Unlike previous instrument validity tests, our procedure is able to detect local violations. We evaluate the performance of our procedure in simulations and apply it in two different settings: parental preferences for mixed-sex composition of children and the Vietnam draft lottery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13207919.v2
title: Instrument Validity Tests With Causal Forests

description: Assumptions that are sufficient to identify local average treatment effects (LATEs) generate necessary conditions that allow instrument validity to be refuted. The degree to which instrument validity is violated, however, probably varies across subpopulations. In this article, we use causal forests to search and test for such local violations of the LATE assumptions in a data-driven way. Unlike previous instrument validity tests, our procedure is able to detect local violations. We evaluate the performance of our procedure in simulations and apply it in two different settings: parental preferences for mixed-sex composition of children and the Vietnam draft lottery.