cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.11312674
title: Data from: Kin association during brood care in a facultatively social bird: active discrimination or byproduct of partner choice and demography?

description: Intra-group relatedness does not necessarily imply kin selection, a
 leading explanation for social evolution. An overlooked mechanism for
 generating population genetic structure is variation in longevity and
 fecundity, referred to as individual quality, affecting kin structure and
 the potential for cooperation. Individual quality also affects choosiness
 in partner choice, a key process explaining cooperation through direct
 fitness benefits. Reproductive skew theory predicts that relatedness
 decreases with increasing group size, but this relationship could also
 arise due to quality-dependent demography and partner choice, without
 active kin association. We addressed whether brood-rearing eider
 (Somateria mollissima) females preferentially associated with kin using a
 six-year data set with individuals genotyped at 19 microsatellite loci,
 and tested whether relatedness decreased with increasing female group
 size. We also determined the relationship between local relatedness and
 indices of female age and body condition. We further examined whether the
 level of female intra-coalition relatedness differed from background
 relatedness in any year. As predicted, median female intra-group
 relatedness decreased with increasing female group size. However, the
 proportion of related individuals increased with advancing female age, and
 older females prefer smaller brood-rearing coalitions, potentially
 producing a negative relationship between group size and relatedness.
 There were considerable annual fluctuations in the level of relatedness
 between coalition-forming females, and in one year this level exceeded
 that expected by random association. Thus, both passive and active
 mechanisms govern kin associations in brood-rearing eiders. Eiders
 apparently can discriminate between kin, but the benefits of doing so may
 vary over time.
description: GroupwiseCoalition specific data used to clarify the connection between intragroup relatedness and group size, while controlling for breeding strategy. First column contains the year, second column female ring number, third column ("median.R") is the mean median relatedness in the coalition, fourth column ("Strategy numbers") contains the coded strategies, where 1 = enduring coalition, 2 = transient coalition and 3 = brief association, the fifth column describes group size.RelativesThe file describing the frequency of relatives in the population. First column contains the females' ring numbers, the second one the relative frequency of relatives in the population, third column = minimum age estimate, the last column (GLOBAL_CI) is the global condition index.Genotypes19 loci genotypes for the 529 females genotyped for this study.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6r4gg
title: Data from: Investigating population genetic structure in a highly mobile marine organism: the minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata acutorostrata in the North East Atlantic

description: Inferring the number of genetically distinct populations and their levels
 of connectivity is of key importance for the sustainable management and
 conservation of wildlife. This represents an extra challenge in the marine
 environment where there are few physical barriers to gene-flow, and
 populations may overlap in time and space. Several studies have
 investigated the population genetic structure within the North Atlantic
 minke whale with contrasting results. In order to address this issue, we
 analyzed ten microsatellite loci and 331 bp of the mitochondrial D-loop on
 2990 whales sampled in the North East Atlantic in the period 2004 and
 2007–2011. The primary findings were: (1) No spatial or temporal genetic
 differentiations were observed for either class of genetic marker. (2)
 mtDNA identified three distinct mitochondrial lineages without any
 underlying geographical pattern. (3) Nuclear markers showed evidence of a
 single panmictic population in the NE Atlantic according STRUCTURE's
 highest average likelihood found at K = 1. (4) When K = 2 was accepted,
 based on the Evanno's test, whales were divided into two more or less
 equally sized groups that showed significant genetic differentiation
 between them but without any sign of underlying geographic pattern.
 However, mtDNA for these individuals did not corroborate the
 differentiation. (5) In order to further evaluate the potential for
 cryptic structuring, a set of 100 in silico generated panmictic
 populations was examined using the same procedures as above showing
 genetic differentiation between two artificially divided groups, similar
 to the aforementioned observations. This demonstrates that clustering
 methods may spuriously reveal cryptic genetic structure. Based upon these
 data, we find no evidence to support the existence of spatial or cryptic
 population genetic structure of minke whales within the NE Atlantic.
 However, in order to conclusively evaluate population structure within
 this highly mobile species, more markers will be required.
description: Minke
 whale_microsatellitesData collected in the
 field
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.11j4k4v
title: Data from: Potential limits to the benefits of admixture during biological invasion

description: Species introductions often bring together genetically divergent source
 populations, resulting in genetic admixture. This geographic reshuffling
 of diversity has the potential to generate favorable new genetic
 combinations, facilitating the establishment and invasive spread of
 introduced populations. Observational support for the superior performance
 of admixed introductions has been mixed, however, and the broad importance
 of admixture to invasion questioned. Under most underlying mechanisms,
 admixture’s benefits should be expected to increase with greater
 divergence among and lower genetic diversity within source populations,
 though these effects have not been quantified in invaders. We
 experimentally crossed source populations differing in divergence in the
 invasive plant Centaurea solstitialis. Crosses resulted in many positive
 (heterotic) interactions, but fitness benefits declined and were
 ultimately negative at high source divergence, with patterns suggesting
 cyto-nuclear epistasis. We explored the literature to assess whether such
 negative epistatic interactions might be impeding admixture at high source
 population divergence. Admixed introductions reported for plants came from
 sources with a wide range of genetic variation, but were
 disproportionately absent where there was high genetic divergence among
 native populations. We conclude that while admixture is common in species
 introductions and often happens under conditions expected to be beneficial
 to invaders, these conditions may be constrained by predictable negative
 genetic interactions, potentially explaining conflicting evidence for
 admixture's benefits to invasion.
description: Barker_etal_2019_CrossesGrowth measurements of plants produced by controlled crosses.Barker_etal_2019_LiteratureSurveyData from survey of the literature for conditions under which admixture is observed in invasive species.Barker_etal_2019_seqDivergenceStacksPerl script to obtain sequence divergence between RAD sequences from two populations.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4nsap5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 63 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is The InBIO Barcoding Initiative Database: Portuguese Bats (Chiroptera)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 63 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000629-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qk7g8
title: Data from: Allometry of wing twist and camber in a flower chafer during free flight: how do wing deformations scale with body size?

description: Intraspecific variation in adult body mass can be particularly high in
 some insect species, mandating adjustment of the wing's structural
 properties to support the weight of the larger body mass in air. Insect
 wings elastically deform during flapping, dynamically changing the twist
 and camber of the relatively thin and flat aerofoil. We examined how wing
 deformations during free flight scale with body mass within a species of
 rose chafers (Coleoptera: Protaetia cuprea) in which individuals varied
 more than threefold in body mass (0.38–1.29 g). Beetles taking off
 voluntarily were filmed using three high-speed cameras and the
 instantaneous deformation of their wings during the flapping cycle was
 analysed. Flapping frequency decreased in larger beetles but, otherwise,
 flapping kinematics remained similar in both small and large beetles.
 Deflection of the wing chord-wise varied along the span, with average
 deflections at the proximal trailing edge higher by 0.2 and 0.197 wing
 lengths compared to the distal trailing edge in the downstroke and the
 upstroke, respectively. These deflections scaled with wing chord to the
 power of 1.0, implying a constant twist and camber despite the variations
 in wing and body size. This suggests that the allometric growth in wing
 size includes adjustment of the flexural stiffness of the wing structure
 to preserve wing twist and camber during flapping.
description: Supporting data:
 morphology, kinematic and deflectionSupporting
 data.pdf
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vm407
title: Data from: Precision grip control while walking down a step in children with unilateral cerebral palsy

description: Aim. To compare grip force (GF) and load force (LF) coordination while
 walking down a step between children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP)
 and typically developing (TD) children. Methods. Twenty-five children with
 UCP (age 9.3±1.7 y) and 25 TD controls (age 9.4±2.1 y) walked down a step
 while holding a grip-lift manipulandum. Dynamic and temporal variables
 were analyzed. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) was also assessed.
 Results. The temporal course was perturbed mainly in the more affected
 hand of children with UCP when compared to TD children because the
 increases in GF and LF onset occurred in a reversed order. Compared with
 the TD controls, the children with UCP presented higher LF values on both
 hands and a higher GF on the less affected hand. In children with UCP, the
 GF to LF adaptation was adequate on the less affected hand but
 overestimated on the more affected hand. Furthermore, children with UCP
 presented a lower MVC in the more affected hand, leading to a higher
 percentage of MVC used during the task. Interpretation. Our findings
 highlight an anticipatory control of precision grip during a stepping down
 task in children with UCP that is adequate for the less affected hand but
 altered for the more affected hand.
description: Tables and figure 2
 data.excel sheets containing
 the data of both tables and of the plots in figure 2.DRYAD.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.523
title: Data from: Phylogenetic assessment of molecular and morphological data for eutherian mammals

description: The interordinal relationships of eutherian (placental) mammals were
 evaluated by a phylogenetic analysis of four published data sets (three
 sequence and one morphological). The nature and degree of support and
 conflict for particular groups were assessed by separate bootstrap and
 homogeneity tests that were followed by combined analyses of the sequence
 and morphological data. Between orders, strong support (i.e., &gt;95%
 bootstrap scores) was found for a paraphyletic Artiodactyla (relative to
 Cetacea) and a monophyletic Cetartiodactyla (Artiodactyla and Cetacea) and
 Paenungulata (Hyracoidea, Proboscidea, and Sirenia). In turn, some
 reasonable to strong evidence (&gt;85%) was obtained for Hyracoidea
 with Sirenia, Dermoptera with Scandentia, Glires (Lagomorpha with
 Rodentia), and Afrotheria (Amblysomus, Macroscelidea, Paenungulata, and
 Tubulidentata). Otherwise, no other interordinal clades were supported at
 these reasonable to strong levels. This overall lack of resolution for
 eutherian interordinal clusters agrees with other studies that further
 progress will continue to be slow and difficult. Further resolution will
 require the integration of more recently published data, the continued
 sampling of taxa and characters, and the use of more powerful methods of
 data analysis.
description: Liu and Miyamoto Data
 Set12S rRNA, IRBP, and vWF
 sequences and morphological data for mammalsLiu.htm
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r701q
title: Data from: Ecological legacies of anthropogenic burning in a British Columbia coastal temperate rain forest

description: Aim Few long-term fire histories have been reconstructed in coastal
 temperate rain forests, and little is known regarding the spatial and
 temporal characteristics of lightning and human ignitions. We use a
 multidisciplinary approach to assess the impact, scale and ecological
 legacies of historic fires. Location We focus on perhumid temperate rain
 forests located on the central coast of British Columbia, Canada. Methods
 We reconstructed 700 years of temporal and spatial aspects of fire
 activity with 30 plots on Hecate Island using fire scars and forest-stand
 establishment. We then conducted a paired study of 20 former indigenous
 habitation and control sites on 15 islands to relate fire activity to
 patterns of human settlement. We mapped 15 years of lightning strike
 densities and use mixed-effects modelling to assess whether fire activity
 predicted the distribution and abundance of traditional plants. Results
 Sixteen low- and mixed-severity fires were recorded from 1376 to 1893. The
 abundance of traditional plants and the density of western redcedar trees
 were best predicted by the location of former habitation sites and shorter
 mean fire intervals. Lightning is too rare to explain the pattern of fire
 activity in the study area. No fire activity was detected after 1893,
 coinciding with the relocation of indigenous groups from the study area.
 Main conclusions Fire was strongly associated with former indigenous
 habitation sites during the periods of occupation. People likely utilized
 fire as a tool for resource management to influence the densities of
 specific plants by creating mosaics of vegetation in different stages of
 succession. By assessing the ecological impacts of historic fire events,
 we gain a better understanding of the abrupt changes that occurred in the
 20th century. Our ability to understand present-day temperate rain forest
 ecosystems may be compromised if we underestimate the role of humans in
 driving historic fire activity.
description: Supporting
 datasets_Hoffman et al. 2017Metadata and datasets
 from plot and transects used in statistical analyses presented in Hoffman
 et al. 2017.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.51j99
title: Data from: Spatial and temporal genetic structure at the fourth trophic level in a fragmented landscape

description: A fragmented habitat becomes increasingly fragmented for species at higher
 trophic levels, such as parasitoids. To persist, these species are
 expected to possess life-history traits, such as high dispersal, that
 facilitate their ability to use resources that become scarce in fragmented
 landscapes. If a specialized parasitoid disperses widely to take advantage
 of a sparse host, then the parasitoid population should have lower genetic
 structure than the host. We investigated the temporal and spatial genetic
 structure of a hyperparasitoid (fourth trophic level) in a fragmented
 landscape over 50 × 70 km, using microsatellite markers, and compared it
 with the known structures of its host parasitoid, and the butterfly host
 which lives as a classic metapopulation. We found that population genetic
 structure decreases with increasing trophic level. The hyperparasitoid has
 fewer genetic clusters (K = 4), than its host parasitoid (K = 15), which
 in turn is less structured than the host butterfly (K = 27). The genetic
 structure of the hyperparasitoid also shows temporal variation, with
 genetic differentiation increasing due to reduction of the population
 size, which reduces the effective population size. Overall, our study
 confirms the idea that specialized species must be dispersive to use a
 fragmented host resource, but that this adaptation has limits.
description: Genotyping_data_Hyperparasitoid_and_host_butterfly
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1mh57
title: Data from: Evidence for selective sweeps by Wolbachia infections: phylogeny of Altica leaf beetles and their reproductive parasites

description: Infections with maternally inherited Wolbachia bacteria may have dramatic
 influences on reproductive traits and speciation patterns of their hosts.
 We here show that in the beetle genus Altica, infection has influenced
 phylogenetic patterns of the host’s mtDNA and different strains led to
 repeated selective sweeps. By comparing a COI/II based phylogeny of the
 hosts with a phylogeny of the bacteria based on ftsZ, we show that
 co-speciation is rare and restricted to few recently diverged species.
 While in general each species apparently harbours a single Wolbachia
 strain, A. lythri presents a strikingly different pattern: in the
 polyphyletic species three highly divergent mtDNA haplotypes (2.1 – 4.6%
 p-distance) are coupled with three different Wolbachia strains (wLytA1,
 wLytA2, wLytB). These haplotypes and Wolbachia strains are widely
 distributed and mostly found in sympatry. A phylogeny based on
 microsatellite data supports the monophyly of A. lythri. The discrepancy
 between mtDNA and nuclear phylogeny may best be explained by interspecific
 hybridization that led to introgression of mtDNA coupled with a different
 Wolbachia strain. Selective sweeps apparently drove the introgressed
 haplotypes to widespread distribution. As for effects of Wolbachia on
 reproduction, infection with wLytA1 appears to be correlated with a
 substantial sex ratio distortion, which was most prominent in A. lythri.
description: Aligned Cytochrome
 Oxydase sequences from Altica (Coleoptera, Alticinae)CO
 align.TXTAligned ftsZ sequences
 from Wolbachia infecting Altica and other Alticinae
 (Coleoptera)ftsZ
 align.TXTAligned Elongation
 factor 1 alpha Intron sequences from Altica (Coleoptera,
 Alticinae)Introns
 align.TXTAligned sequences of
 Internal Tanscribed Spacer (ITS2) from Altica (Coleoptera,
 Alticinae)ITS
 align.TXT
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6qd10
title: Data from: Bidirectional shifts in colony queen number in a socially polymorphic ant population

description: The breeding system of social organisms affects many important aspects of
 social life. Some species vary greatly in the number of breeders per
 group, but the mechanisms and selective pressures contributing to the
 maintenance of this polymorphism in social structure remain poorly
 understood. Here, we take advantage of a genetic dataset that spans 15
 years to investigate the dynamics of colony queen number within a socially
 polymorphic ant species. Our study population of Formica selysi has
 single- and multiple-queen colonies. We found that the social structure of
 this species is somewhat flexible: on average, each year 3.2% of the
 single-queen colonies became polygynous, and conversely 1.4% of the
 multiple-queen colonies became monogynous. The annualized queen
 replacement rates were 10.3 and 11.9% for single- and multiple-queen
 colonies, respectively. New queens were often but not always related to
 previous colony members. At the population level, the social polymorphism
 appeared stable. There was no genetic differentiation between single- and
 multiple-queen colonies at eight microsatellite loci, suggesting ongoing
 gene flow between social forms. Overall, the regular and bidirectional
 changes in queen number indicate that social structure is a labile trait
 in F. selysi, with neither form being favoured within a time-frame of 15
 years.
description: F_selysi_microsatelliteFormica selysi microsatellite genotypes from individuals collected across a 10-year time span in the Bois de Finges reserve between Sierre and Susten in Valais, Switzerland.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8b717
title: Data from: Genetic admixture and heterosis may enhance the invasiveness of common ragweed

description: Biological invasions are often associated with multiple introductions and
 genetic admixture of previously isolated populations. In addition to
 enhanced evolutionary potential through increased genetic variation,
 admixed genotypes may benefit from heterosis, which could contribute to
 their increased performance and invasiveness. To deepen our understanding
 of the mechanisms and management strategies for biological invasions, we
 experimentally studied whether intraspecific admixture causes heterosis in
 common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) by comparing the performance of
 crosses (F1) between populations relative to crosses within these
 populations for each range (native, introduced) under different
 ecologically relevant conditions (control, drought, competition, simulated
 herbivory). Performance of admixed genotypes was highly variable, ranging
 from strong heterotic effects to weak outbreeding depression. Moreover,
 heterosis was not uniformly observed among between-population crosses, but
 certain native population crosses showed considerable heterosis,
 especially under simulated herbivory. In contrast, heterosis was largely
 absent in crosses from the introduced range, possibly implying that these
 populations were already admixed and benefit little from further mixing.
 In conclusion, these results support the hypothesis that heterosis may
 contribute to biological invasions, and indicate the need to minimize new
 introductions of exotic species, even if they are already present in the
 introduced range.
description: Ragweed_heterosis_data_HahnPhenotypic data of plants of common ragweed from a greenhouse experiment using artificial crosses within and between populations from the native and the introduced range. Description of the data variables in README.csv file.