cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1682
title: The Role of nitric oxide in apoptotic susceptibility of human lung cancer and normal lung cells

description: Interfering apoptotic susceptibility is important in progression of many diseases, in particular cancers. Cancer cell-acquired resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis is a major limitation for efficient therapy, as frequently observed in human lung cancer. Moreover, escaping from Fas ligand (FasL)-induced apoptosis is a potential mechanism of cancer progression. Nitric oxide (NO) is a key regulator of apoptosis, but its role in cisplatin- and FasL-induced cell death and the underlying mechanism are largely unknown. Evidences indicated that increased NO production in lung injury, lung inflammation, and lung carcinomas, correlated with the incidence of chemotherapeutic resistance. The present study showed that NO impaired the apoptotic function of cells and increased their resistance to cisplatin- and FasL-induced apoptosis in both human lung carcinoma H460 cells and human lung epithelial BEAS cells. The NO donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and dipropylenetriamine (DPTA) NONOate were able to inhibit cisplatin- and FasL-induced cell death, whereas the NO inhibitors Aminoguanidine (AG) and 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetra-methylimidazoline-1-oxy1-3oxide (PTIO) had opposite effect. Cisplatin resistance in H460 cells was mediated by Bcl-2, and NO upregulated its expression by preventing the degradation of Bcl-2 via ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Cisplatin-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused dephosphorylation and degradation of Bcl-2. In contrast, elevation of NO had no effect on Bcl-2 phosphorylation but induced S-nitrosylation of the protein, which inhibited its ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation, Also, this study revealed the mechanism of NO in regulating FasL-induced apoptosis in BEAS cells. FasL-induced downregulation of FLICE inhibitory protein (FLIP) was mediated by a ubiquitin-proteasome pathway that was negatively regulated by NO. S-nitrosylation of FLIP was an important mechanism rendering FLIP resistant toubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Deletion analysis showed that the caspase-like domain of FLIP was a key target for S-nitrosylation by NO, and mutation of its cysteine 254 and cysteine 259 residues completely inhibited S-nitrosylation, leading to increase ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of FLIP. These findings indicated a novel pathway for NO regulation of Bcl-2 which provided a key mechanism for cisplatin resistance and its potential modulation for improved cancer chemotherapy. Also, this study revealed a novel pathway for NO regulation of FLIP that provided a key mechanism for apoptosis regulation and a potential new target for intervention in death receptor-associated diseases.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1683
title: Preparation of vanadium-titanium silicalite-1

description: This research explores the changing catalytic behavior of titanium silicalite-1 incorporated with vanadium. In this research, the changing catalytic behavior of the prepared catalysts, physically and chemically were tested by using several techniques. The catalytic activity of the catalysts were tested using 2-propanol oxidation reaction at the concentration of oxygen 8% vol, 2-propanol 5% vol with argon balance in feed gas. The catalytic test reaction was carried out with 0.1 gram of catalyst packed in a microreacter at temperature ranging from 100-500 ํC at atmosphere pressure. This research found that the vanadium incorporated into titanium silicalite-1 causes the changing of the catalytic behavior of the vanadium-titanium silicalite-1. The highest quantity of vanadium can be incorporated into titanium silicalite-1 before the collapse MFI structure is about 0.3% mol. The surface area of the prepared catalysts decrease inversely with the amount ofvanadium incorporated into titanium silicalite-1. For catalytic activity of titanium silicalite-1 incorporated with vanadium, it is found that the vanadium added into catalyst improves the dehydration reaction. In addition, the vanadium existing on the surface of the catalyst has some influence on the oxidation and dehydration reactions.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1684
title: The fundamental study on characteristic of palm diesel spray combustion

description: The study on the characteristics of palm diesel fuel spray combustion were conducted in a constant volume combustion chamber. With the fixed experimental conditions such as ambient pressure and injection events, the effects of refined palm blending percentage with diesel and injection pressure on spray combustion and flame structure were investigated using photo diode and ICCD camera. Two-color method was employed to measure combustion flame temperature and KL factors. It was found that the higher the percentage of palm in the blend, the shorter the ignition delay and the shorter combustion period compared with diesel fuel. High temperature combustion area (over 2400 K) of palm diesel was also smaller than diesel. The amount of soot at the start of combustion was a little bit higher than diesel. The results from fuel spray image, with 80%palm blended at injection pressure 60 and 100MPa, showed that spray penetration and spray angle were shorter and smaller than diesel fuel. The effects of 10%CPO diesel at injection pressure of 100MPa on combustion and flame structure were also investigated. It was found that diesel blending with 10%CPO has shorter ignition delay and combustion period compared with conventional diesel fuel. High temperature combustion area (over 2400 K) of 10%CPO diesel was also smaller than diesel especially at the end of the combustion period. The amount of soot and soot concentration affected by this blending percentage were not significantly different from the diesel fuel.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1685
title: Continuous demulsification of crude palm oil in water using fiber coalescer

description: In this study, demulsification of crude palm oil in water using fiber as a coalescer was investigated. The experiments were conducted in a continuous system. Oil-in-water emulsion containing 1%wt of crude palm oil dispersed in water was used as a feedstock. The emulsion was allowed to flow through a glass column with an inner diameter of 15 mm. packed with palm fiber, nylon fiber and polyester fiber. The experiments were conducted at media heights of 100, 300 and 500 mm, flow velocities of 0.75, 1.50 and 2.25 mm/sec and operating temperatures of 60 ํC, 70 ํC, and 80 ํC, respectively. The results showed that coalescing media can be used to separate oil from oil-in-water emulsion. Palm fiber showed the best demulsification efficiency. Increasing flow velocity and media height results an increase of oil removal. Increasing operating temperature results in decreasing of oil removal.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1686
title: Multifunctional biodiesel from soapstocks

description: Multifunctional biodiesels could be synthesized from soapstocks such as palm oil, rice bran oil, and soy bean oil. Firstly, methyl ester of soapstocks could be prepared by reacting with methanol in the present of sulfuric acid to yield 96-98% of products. Finally, the nitration reaction was carried out to give 92-95% yield. Their structures were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-, and 13C-NMR. The multifunctional biodiesels could be easily blended with base diesel fuel. These compounds could rise in cetane number to 1.6, 2.0, 2.2, 2.3 and 3.9 units for multifunctional biodiesel from palm oil soapstock and 6.8, 7.7, 7.9, 12.3 and 13.4 units for multifunctional biodiesel from soy bean oil soapstock and 3.6, 3.7, 4.5, 8.5 and 8.7 units for multifunctional biodiesel from rice bran oil soapstock at the concentrations of 0.50%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 5.0% and 10.0% by weight, respectively. For lubricity performances, these multifunctional biodiesels were investigated by using high frequency reciprocating rig machine. All samples at concentration of 5% by weight could provide mean wear scar diameter of multifunctional biodiesel from palm oil soapstock less than 460 microm. In the view of cetane number and lubricity performance, the multifunctional biodiesel from palm oil soapstock was the best additive for diesel fuel.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1687
title: Impact of micro-credit programs upon economic and social conditions of women in rural and urban communities in Myanmar

description: The poverty situation is visible in around the developing countries. The issue of poverty has become a matter of grave concern of the NGOs and the donor agencies as well. The NGOs have been implementing a wide range of development activities with a major goal of alleviating poverty around low-income communities. Among them micro-credit and micro enterprise has become one of the important strategies to intervene reduce poverty and empower women. The objectives of this thesis are to examine members' perception on the micro-credit programs and the programs impact upon economic and social changes on household and communities. The research was done at the two NGOs: YWCA and PACT/MYANMAR implementation in two areas-urban and rural in Myanmar. In this study, the qualitative method was used primarily and mainly, but also qualitative method was used to visible the member's perception on the programs. Primary data was corrected for this research through 12 casestudies from in-depth household survey, field observation, and several interviewing and group discussions to the members of the programs and also non-members. A variety of secondary data and information are also used. The research observed members' perception on micro-credit programs was moderately satisfied by the majority of the PACT (rural) project members and half of the YWDP (urban) members are high in satisfied on the program performance. For the economic impact, the study findings most of the respondents from both micro-credit projects have high in uplifting of family economic condition in the factors namely household income, self-employment, and economic security. Improvement of the social well being of the household members by almost all findings is evident. Majority of two projects members have more or less increased social status among families and communities in terms of participation in community development activities, decision making, mobility, and self-confidence and skills. The research concluded that provision of micro-credit program was effective as evidenced to help low-income families to raise their socioeconomic status and protect themselves from economic setbacks. The programs constructed positive consequences on member to become empowered and that improved individual family standard. Giving women access to micro-credit loans therefore generates many effects that benefit multiple generations and support individual families to lift themselves out of poverty.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1688
title: Catalytic oxidation of benzothiophophenes with hydrogen peroxide

description: In this work, the oxidation of sulfur model compounds catalyzed with vanadium containing catalysts were studied. The sulfur compounds studied are: benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene that are typical refractory sulfur compounds in diesel fuels. The catalysts [W6O19]2-, [V(VW11 )O40]4-, [PVM11O40]4-, [PVMo10O40]4- and (VO)2P2O7 were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis and XRD. The experimental results show that vanadium containing catalysts catalyze the conversion of sulfur compounds to sulfone and the reactivity order of the catalyst is: [V(VW11)O40]4- &gt; [W6O19]2- &gt; [PVW11O40]4- ~ [PVMo10O40]4- &gt; (VO)2P2O7. Parameters affecting the reaction were investigated: solvent, amount of catalyst, amount of oxidizing agent, addition of acetic acid and temperature. When the mole ration of [AcOH]/H2O2] was increased up to 1.5, the oxidiation activity was increased. Apparent activation energies of dibenzothiophene, 4.6 dimethyldibenzothiophene and benzothiophene oxidation were 52.83, 57.35 and 62.73 kJ/mol, respectively, which related to the reactivity of dibenzothiophene &gt; 4,6- dimethyldibenzothiophene &gt; benzothiophene. The removal of oxidized sulfur by combining extraction and adsorption became more effective. The results show that the catalysts can reduce the sulfur content of diesel fuels from 0.575 wt% to 0.055 wt%.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1689
title: Comparative study of solvent effect and activators with titanocene catalysts on ethylene/alpha-olefins polymerization

description: Copolymerizations of ethylene/a-olefin were investigated with homogeneous Ti-based catalysts. In the first part slurry phase of polymerizations by using various cocatalyst such as, borane (B(C[subscript 6]F[subscript 5])[subscript 3]), borate (Ph[subscript 3]CB(C[subscript 6]F[subscript 5]) [subscript 4]), methylaluminoxane (MAO), dried-methylaluminoxane (d-MAO), modified-methylaluminoxane (MMAO) and dried-modified-methylaluminoxane (d-MMAO) were conducted with [t-BuNSiMe[subscript 2]Flu]TiMe[subscript 2] catalyst. Polymerization was conducted in the atmospheric pressure of ethylene by using a glass reactor. It revealed that the types of activators had influence on the polymerization behavior and polymer microstructure, for example borate system gave the highest insertion of 1-hexene.Moreover, the effect of solvent medium was chosen to study. Four solvents were selected: heptane, toluene, chlorobenzene, dichloromethane. To investigate the effect of solvent, polymerization proceeded in a high pressure autoclave system, and it was revealed that the solvent with high polarity showed high activity and the optimum value of dielectric constant was found to be used of toluene. The different kind of co-monomers for linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) were also investigated in this polymerization system and found that 1-octene exhibited the best co-monomer to produce LLDPE. Moreover, we have modified the catalyst structure form [t-BuNSiMe[subscript 2]Flu]TiMe[subscript 2] to [t-BuNSiMe[subscript 2]Cp*]TiMe[subscript 2] to investigate the effect of catalyst structure ,and found that LLDPE produced from the former system had a better ability for the insertion of alpha olefins. All the polymers obtained were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to observe the polymer properties and polymer microstructure.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1690
title: Synthesis of graft copolymer of syndiotactic poly(styrene-co-4-methylstyrene) with polybutadiene via copolymerization between (styrene and 4-methylstyrene)

description: The basic method for the synthesis of syndiotactic polystyrene-co-polybutadiene graft copolymers was investigated. Firstly, the syndiotactic polystyrene copolymer, poly(styrene-co-4-methylstyrene) (sPSMS), was prepared by the copolymerization between styrene and 4-methylstyrene monomer with Cp [superscript*] TiCl [subscript3]/MMAO at 50 ํC Polymerizations proceeded in argon atmosphere at ambient pressure. Secondly, the copolymer was grafted with polybutadiene (commercialized unsaturated elastomer) by anionic grafting polymerization with a metallation reagent. This graft copolymer showed high melting temperature (240-250 ํC and was different from those of anionic styrene-butadiene copolymers due to the presence of crystalline syndiotactic polystyrene segments. Usually, highly syndiotactic polystyrene has the glass transition temperature at 100 ํC and behaves like glassy polymer (possessed brittle mechanical properties) at room temperature. Thus, thecopolymer might be used as compatibilizer in syndiotactic polystyrene blends for modification of the mechanical properties to compensate the glassy properties of pure syndiotactic polystyrene at room temperature.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1691
title: Method development for the determination of sulfonylurea herbicides residue in rice using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry

description: Sulfonylurea herbicides (SUHs) are widely used for controlling weeds in paddy. The residue of these herbicides may contaminate to rice. Thus, an analysis of Sulfonylurea herbicide residue was conducted. A determination method of Sulfonylurea herbicides was developed and validated seven compounds. Trace determination level was based on liquid liquid extraction and followed by solid phase extraction as a sample preparation step. Octadecyl (C18) was coupled with aminopropyl (NH[subscript 2]) cartridge which isolated and cleaned up the analytes from the rice sample. Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry was optimized and developed for multiresidual analysis of seven sulfonylurea herbicides. Reversed-phase LC/ESI/MS in positive ion modes was used to separation and analysis. MS data acquisition was performed by selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. The average recoveries of seven compounds were 79-131% in the rice sample. Method detection limits and method quantitation limits were reduced to 0.91 and 1.55 ppb, respectively. Method validation was studied in an organic rice sample. Linearity for quantitative analysis was shown a linear dynamic range 1.00 to 100 ppb. The accuracy and intra- and inter-day precision were reported in an acceptable range. Method robustness was developed from the method Placket-Burman Experimental Design.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1692
title: Effects of quercetin and naringenin on rate and force of contraction of isolated rat right and left atria

description: Flavonoids have been known for their cardiotonic actions. This study investigated the effects of quercetin and naringenin, one of the most abundant dietary flavonoids, on rate and contraction of isolated rat atria. The right and left atria were isolated from male Wistar rats (250 300g), attached to force transducer and suspended in a 20 ml - organ bath containing Krebs-Henseleit solution at 37 degrees celsius, gassed with carbogen. The results showed that these two flavonoids elicited different cardiotonic activities. Quercetin (100 micrometre) increased the contraction of the right and left atria by 33.32 +- 4.13 % and 45.75 +- 4.90%, respectively. In addition, it caused an increased in the rate of the right atria by 17.62 +- 6.51%. In contrast, naringenin (100 micrometre) slightly decreased the contraction of the right and left atria by 6.16 +- 3.02 % and 10 +- 3.51%, respectively. It also markedly reduced the rate of right atria by 30% +- 5.32 %. Quercetin possessed intrinsic inotropic activity which did not relate to a release of synaptic catecholamine. Moreover, the positive inotropic effect of quercetin was blocked by propranolol (10 micrometre), verapamil (1 micrometre) and pinacidil (100 micrometre). The negative inotropic property of naringenin was not change in the presence of atropine (10 micrometre) and pinacidil (100 micrometre). Furthermore, the actions of both flavonoids were not related to Ca[superscript 2+] release from SR. The positive inotropic effect of quercetin may be due to the activation of beta-adrenoceptor, an increase Ca[superscript 2+] influx. In addition, quercetin may interfere function of K[superscript +] channel. Furthermore, naringenin caused the negative inotropic and chronotropic effects of which were not related cholinergic receptor. In conclusions, quercetin and naringenin exerted their cardiotonic actions on pacemaker and cardiac muscle.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1693
title: Effect of particle size of gallium containing MFI catalyst on ethanol conversion to aromatics

description: Effect of particle size of gallium containing MFI catalyst on ethanol conversion to aromatics was investigated in this research. Five of MFI zeolite catalysts, having different particle size (1.0, 1.9, 3.2, 4.1 and 6.0 micrometre), were synthesized by hydrothermal treatment with SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of 40. Gallium were contained on these catalysts by ion-exchanged. The obtained products were characterized by XRD, XRF, BET, SEM, NH3-TPD and [superscript 27]Al MAS NMR spectrometer. After these catalysts were pretreated, the results suggest that the small particle size of Ga/MFI catalysts showed a slight decrease in crystallinity, moderate acidity and moderate dealumination of tetrahedral aluminum while the large particle size of Ga/MFI catalysts lost considerable crystallinity, extensive acidity and extensive dealumination. The influence of catalysts on ethanol conversion aromatics were examined three points; gallium affected to the selectivity of aromatics more than acidity, the acidity affected to the selectivity of 1) benzene 2) toluene 3) xylene and the acidity of all Ga/MFI (fresh and pretreated) catalysts was enough to convert ethanol to olefins
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2005.1694
title: Amoxicillin resistance in Helicobacter pylori isolated from Thai patients

description: Amoxicillin is an important component of combination therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication and there is an increasing rate of amoxicillin resistance in many countries. This study investigates the prevalence of amoxicillin resistance in H. pylori isolated from Thai patients and determines the molecular mechanism of amoxicillin resistance in H. pylori by detecting mutations in the pbp1 gene. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of amoxicillin was examined by the E-test. Mutations in the pbp1 gene were analyzed by PCR and DNA sequencing. Fifty H. pylori isolates were obtained from 357 patients (14%, 50/357) who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital between August 2003 to June 2004. Of the 50 isolates, 49 (98%) were susceptible to amoxicillin and only one isolate was resistant (2%) (MIC 0.75 microgram/ml). MIC[subscript 50] and MIC[subscript 90] were &lt;0.016 and 0.016 microgram/ml, respectively. The DNA sequences of pbp1 were determined by sequencing both amoxicillin-susceptible and amoxicillin-resistant H. pylori isolates. Of the 6 isolates, 5 were susceptible to amoxicillin (MICs range = &lt; 0.016-0.25 microgram/ml) and one isolate, HP-1144, was resistant to amoxicillin (MIC = 0.75 microgram/ml). When compared with amino acid sequence of PBP1 of H. pylori 26695 from GenBank, the result from this study showed forty-two different amino acid substitutions in both amoxicillin-sensitive and resistant isolates at positions 13, 16, 17, 35, 45, 79, 114, 120, 125, 148, 242, 243, 322, 324, 332, 352, 374, 392, 406, 408, 414, 432, 469, 479, 504, 508, 509, 515, 534, 535, 543, 547, 556, 589, 593, 595, 611, 648, 649, 653, 654, 656 and one amino acid deletion at position 400. Fifeen amino acid changes were shared among resistant and susceptible strains. All mutations in the resistant isolate, HP-1144, were found in susceptible isolates (positions 17, 35, 79, 125, 148, 324, 479, 504, 508, 509, 515, 535, 543, 648 and 649). Interestingly, our results showed that mutations in PBP1 at position 406, 414, 515, 535, 543, 556, 593, 648, 649, and 656 which other investigators reported to be linked to amoxicillin resistance were present in our amoxicillin susceptible isolates. HP-1144 was tested for production of beta-lactamase using the chromogenic cephalosporin method and beta-lactamase activity was not detected. Therefore, mutation in PBP1 and production of beta-lactamase may not be associated with amoxicillin resistance in HP-1144. Other mechanisms must be involved in amoxicillin resistance such as decreased membrane permeability, alterations in OMPs and efflux pump.