cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sxksn030b
title: Data from: Adaptive reshaping of the hormonal phenotype after social niche transition in adulthood

description: Phenotypic plasticity allows individuals to adjust traits to the
 environment. Whether long-term adjustments of the phenotype occur during
 later life stages is largely unknown. To address this question, we
 examined whether hormonal phenotypes that are shaped by the environment
 during adolescence can still be reshaped in full adulthood. For this,
 guinea pig males were either housed in mixed-sex colonies or in
 heterosexual pairs. In adulthood, males were individually transferred to
 pair housing with a female. This way, a social niche transition was
 induced in colony-housed males, but not in pair-housed males. Before
 transfer, corresponding to findings in adolescence, adult colony-housed
 males showed significantly higher baseline testosterone levels and lower
 cortisol responsiveness than pair-housed males. One month after transfer,
 the hormonal phenotype of colony-housed males was changed towards that of
 pair-housed males: animals showed comparable baseline testosterone levels
 and cortisol responsiveness was significantly increased in colony-housed
 males. This endocrine readjustment builds the basis for an adaptive
 behavioural tactic in the new social situation. Thus, an adaptive change
 of the behavioural phenotype may still occur in adulthood via modification
 of underlying mechanisms. This suggests a greater role for developmental
 plasticity in later life stages than commonly is presumed.
description: <strong>Mutwill et al Proc B 2020 - Short-term
 effects</strong><br> Measures of cortisol, testosterone, body
 weight, and behaviour at the time of social niche transition.
 <strong>Mutwill et al Proc B 2020 - Long-term
 effects</strong><br> Measures of cortisol, testosterone, and
 cortisol responsiveness before and after social niche
 transition.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.r5v8uh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 13 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "GadmGid is USA.1_1",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Sphodros rufipes"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 13 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002249-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kh189322q
title: Data from: Genome-wide diversity and global migration patterns in dromedaries follow ancient caravan routes

description: Dromedaries have been essential for the prosperity of civilizations in
 arid environments and the dispersal of humans, goods and cultures along
 ancient, cross-continental trading routes. With increasing desertification
 their importance as livestock species is rising rapidly, but little is
 known about their genome-wide diversity and demographic history. As
 previous studies using a limited amount of nuclear markers have shown weak
 phylogeographic structure, here, we adopted a genome-wide approach and
 detected fine-scale population differentiation in dromedaries across Asia
 and Africa. Global patterns of effective migration rates revealed pathways
 of dispersal after domestication, following historic caravan routes like
 the Silk and Incense Roads. Our results show that a Pleistocene bottleneck
 and medieval expansions during the rise of the Ottoman empire have shaped
 the genome-wide diversity in modern dromedaries.  By
 understanding subtle population structure we recognize the value of small,
 locally adapted populations and appeal for securing genomic diversity for
 a sustainable utilization of this key desert species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xgxd254cr
title: The effects of the Medicare NCS reimbursement policy: utilization, payments, and patient access

description: Objective: To determine whether the 2013 nerve conduction study (NCS)
 reimbursement reduction changed Medicare utilization, payments, and
 patient access to Medicare physicians, we performed a retrospective
 analysis of Medicare data (2012-2016 fee-for-service data from the CMS
 Physician and Other Supplier Public Use File).   Methods:
 Individual billable services were identified by Healthcare Common
 Procedure Coding System CPT and G codes. Medicare utilization and payments
 were stratified by specialty and type of service (electrodiagnostic tests,
 including NCS and electromyography (EMG), and other neurologic
 procedures). We also assessed access to Medicare physicians using the
 annual number of unique beneficiaries receiving initial Evaluation and
 Management (E/M) services.   Results: We identified 676,113
 Medicare providers included in all analysis years from 2012-2016 (10,599
 neurologists, 5,881 physiatrists, and 659,633 other specialties).
 Comparing 2016 to 2012, 21.1% fewer neurologists, 28.6% fewer
 physiatrists, and 69.3% fewer other specialists performed NCS and 3.8%
 fewer neurologists, 21.7% fewer physiatrists, and 5.6% fewer other
 specialists performed EMG. For NCS providers in 2012, the mean number of
 unique Medicare beneficiaries increased for neurologists (1.2%) and
 physiatrists (4.8%) but decreased for other specialists (-6.5%) by 2016.
 Following the NCS cut, the number of providers performing autonomic and
 evoked potential testing increased substantially.   Conclusions:
 The Medicare NCS reimbursement policy resulted in a larger decrease in NCS
 providers than in EMG providers. Despite fewer neurologists and
 physiatrists performing NCS, Medicare access to these physicians for E/M
 services was not affected. Increased autonomic and evoked potential
 testing may be an unintended consequence of NCS reimbursement change.
description: We performed a retrospective analysis of Medicare utilization and
 payments at the provider level, stratified by specialty and type of
 service. Medicare Part B fee-for-service data were obtained from the
 publicly available CMS Physician and Other Supplier Public Use File
 (POSPUF). Individual billable services were identified by Healthcare
 Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS) Level-I CPT codes and Level-II
 G-codes. This supplemental data details the specific codes used for our
 paper.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xd2547ddc
title: Evolution of multivariate wing allometry in schizophoran flies (Diptera: Schizophora)

description: The proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying scaling relationships as
 well as their evolutionary consequences remain an enigmatic issue in
 evolutionary biology. Here I investigate the evolution of wing allometries
 in the Schizophora, a group of higher Diptera that radiated ~65 million
 years ago, by studying static allometries in five species using
 multivariate approaches. Despite the vast ecological diversity observed in
 contemporary members of the Schizophora and independent evolutionary
 histories throughout most of the Cenozoic, size-related changes represent
 a major contributor to overall variation in wing shape, both within and
 among species. Static allometries differ between species and sexes, yet
 allometric changes are correlated across species, suggesting a shared
 program underlying size-dependent developmental plasticity. Lastly, static
 allometries within species also correlate with evolutionary divergence
 across 33 different families (belonging to 11 of 13 superfamilies) of the
 Schizophora. This again points towards a general developmental, genetic,
 or evolutionary mechanism that canalizes or maintains the covariation
 between shape and size in spite of rapid ecological and morphological
 diversification during the Cenozoic. I discuss the putative roles of
 developmental constraints and natural selection in the evolution of wing
 allometry in the Schizophora.
description: This is a two-dimensional geometric morphometric dataset.
 Information on wing landmark acquisition are found in the respective
 publication. Centroid size is reported in unit millimeter.
 Two-dimensionsal Procrustes-transformed coordinates are given (one x- and
 one y-coordinate for each of the eight landmarks). An illustration on the
 second sheet of the excel file shows the placement of the respective
 landmark on a sketch of a wing.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sxksn030c
title: Thoracic gas compression during forced expiration is greater in men than women

description: Intrapleural pressure during a forced vital capacity (VC) manoeuvre is
 often in excess of that required to generate maximal expiratory airflow.
 This excess pressure compresses alveolar gas (i.e., thoracic gas
 compression; TGC), resulting in underestimated forced expiratory flows
 (FEFs) at a given lung volume. It is unknown if TGC is influenced by sex;
 however, because men have larger lungs and stronger respiratory muscles,
 we hypothesized that men would have greater TGC. We examined TGC across
 the “effort-dependent” region of VC in healthy young men (n=11) and women
 (n=12). Subjects performed VC manoeuvres at varying efforts while airflow,
 volume, and oesophageal pressure (POES) were measured. Quasi-static
 expiratory deflation curves were used to obtain lung recoil (PLUNG) and
 alveolar pressures (i.e., PALV=POES–PLUNG). The raw maximal expiratory
 flow-volume (MEFVraw) curve was obtained from the “maximum effort” VC
 manoeuvre. The TGC-corrected curve was obtained by constructing a “maximal
 perimeter” curve from all VC efforts (MEFVcorr). TGC was examined via
 differences between curves in FEFs (∆FEF), area under the expiratory
 curves (∆AEX), and estimated compressed gas volume (∆VGC) across the VC
 range. Men displayed greater total ∆AEX (5.4±2.0 vs. 2.0±1.5
 L2∙s-1; p&lt;0.001). ∆FEF was greater in men at 25% of
 exhaled volume only (p&lt;0.05), whereas ∆VGC was systematically
 greater in men across the entire VC (main effect; p&lt;0.05).
 PALV was also greater in men throughout forced expiration
 (p&lt;0.01). Taken together, these findings demonstrate that men
 display more TGC, occurring early in forced expiration, likely due to
 greater expiratory pressures throughout the forced VC manoeuvre.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xwdbrv19s
title: Skin hydrophobicity as an adaptation for self-cleaning in geckos

description: Hydrophobicity is common in plants and animals, typically caused by high
 relief microtexture functioning to keep the surface clean. Although the
 occurrence and physical causes of hydrophobicity are well understood,
 ecological factors promoting its evolution are unclear. Geckos have highly
 hydrophobic integuments. We predicted that, because the ground is dirty
 and filled with pathogens, high hydrophobicity should coevolve with
 terrestrial microhabitat use. Advancing contact angle (ACA) measurements
 of water droplets were used to quantify hydrophobicity in 24 species of
 Australian gecko. We reconstructed the evolution of ACA values, in
 relation to microhabitat use of geckos. To determine the best set of
 structural characteristics associated with the evolution of
 hydrophobicity, we used linear models fitted using phylogenetic
 generalized least squares (PGLS), and then model averaging based on AICc
 values. All species were highly hydrophobic (ACA &gt; 132.72°), but
 terrestrial species had significantly higher ACA values than arboreal
 ones. The evolution of longer spinules and smaller scales were correlated
 with high hydrophobicity. These results suggest that hydrophobicity has
 co-evolved with terrestrial microhabitat use in Australian geckos via
 selection for long spinules and small scales, likely to keep their skin
 clean and prevent fouling and disease.
description: For details of data collection see methods section of the
 paper.
description: Each number is a single measurement of one water drop for the
 respective gecko specimen.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6hdr7sqx5
title: Genetic structure in hybrids and progenitors provides insight into processes underlying an invasive cattail (Typha x glauca) hybrid zone

description: Traditional models of hybrid zones have assumed relatively low hybrid
 fitness, and thus focussed more on interspecific gene flow than on hybrid
 dispersal.  Therefore, when hybrids have high fitness and the
 potential for autonomous dispersal, we have limited understanding of
 whether hybrid dispersal or repeated local hybrid formation is more
 important for maintaining hybrid zones.  The invasive hybrid
 cattail Typha × glauca occupies an extensive hybrid zone in northeastern
 North America where it is sympatric with its progenitors T. latifolia and
 T. angustifolia. We characterized genetic diversity and genetic structure
 of the three taxa across a broad spatial scale, and tested the hypothesis
 that the hybrid shows stronger evidence of gene flow than its progenitor
 species, particularly among disturbed sites (ditches) compared to
 established wetlands. Support for this hypothesis would suggest that
 dispersal, rather than repeated local formation, is more important in
 maintaining hybrid zones. Within each taxon, genetic differentiation among
 ditches was comparable to that among wetlands, although clonal richness
 was consistently greater in ditches suggesting more frequent seed
 establishment. Genetic structure across sites was more pronounced in the
 hybrid compared to either progenitor species.  Overall, our data
 reflect relatively low gene flow in hybrids, and suggest that hybrids are
 more likely to be created in situ than to be introduced from other sites.
 Despite the high fitness of invasive T. × glauca and its potential for
 autonomy, local processes appear more important than dispersal in
 maintaining this hybrid zone.
description: Data were collected from 22 stands along approximately 1700 km
 from Cheboygan, MI to Halifax, NS in June 2013. In each of 11 regions
 along this distance twos (one wetland and one ditch) were sampled.
 Approximately 80 Typha ramets (shoots) were sampled per site. Ramets were
 every 3 m along transects spaced 3 m apart. Leaf tissue was collected from
 each sampled plant for genotyping. Ramets were
 genotyped at 7 microsatellite loci (see manuscript for details). Ramets
 from the same site that had identical multilocus genotypes were assigned
 to the same genet (multilocus genotype). The data here are genet-level
 data from the sties that were used in analyses in the associated
 manuscript. Only sites with &gt; 9 genets were used in
 analyses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.crjdfn31n
title: Microarthropod contributions to fitness variation in the common moss Ceratodon purpureus

description: The evolution of sustained plant-animal interactions depends critically
 upon genetic variation in the fitness benefits from the interaction.
 Genetic analyses of such interactions are limited to a few model systems,
 in part because genetic variation may be absent or the interacting species
 may be experimentally intractable. Here we examine the role of
 sperm-dispersing microarthropods in shaping reproduction and genetic
 variation in mosses. We established experimental mesocosms with known moss
 genotypes and inferred the parents of progeny from mesocosms with and
 without microarthropods, using a pooled sequencing approach. Moss
 reproductive rates increased five-fold in the presence of microarthropods,
 relative to control mesocosms. Further, the presence of microarthropods
 increased the total number of reproducing moss genotypes, and changed the
 rank-order of fitness of male and female moss genotypes. The genotypes
 that reproduced most often did not produce sporophytes that produced the
 most spores, highlighting the challenge of defining fitness in
 mosses.  Nevertheless, these results demonstrate that
 microarthropods provide a fitness benefit for mosses, and highlight the
 potential for biotic dispersal agents to alter fitness among moss
 genotypes in this plant-animal interaction.
description: The data were collected via common practices and genetic
 analysis.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q83bk3jf9
title: Data from: Latitudinal limit not a cold limit: Cold temperatures do not constrain an endangered tree species at its northern edge

description: Aim A strong influence of climate on species’ range is often assumed, and
 forms the basis for projecting many future range shifts with changing
 climate. Particularly at poleward latitudinal or elevational edges,
 abiotic conditions are thought to play a major role in limiting
 distributions. We estimated the roles of climate and landscape features in
 shaping habitat at the northern distributional edge of a critically
 threatened mountain tree species. Location British Columbia and Alberta,
 Canada. Taxon Pinus albicaulis (Engelm.) Methods We used a hierarchical
 Bayesian model (HBM) to combine multiple scales, sources, qualities and
 types of species data. We jointly examined the climate influence on
 occupancy across scales, and on juvenile and adult abundance to quantify
 habitat quality at two life history stages. Results We found that cold
 temperature was the strongest predictor of whitebark pine occurrence at
 regional scales, with colder areas being better (i.e. the sign was
 negative). Occupancy at local scales was best predicted by low growing
 degree‐days and declining precipitation as snow. These relationships with
 occupancy across scales indicate that suitable climatic and topographic
 habitats currently exist beyond the northern edge of whitebark pine's
 current range. We found high adult abundance was predicted in sunny, cool
 habitats with little climatic drought, whereas high juvenile densities
 were associated with higher precipitation as snow and more climatic
 drought. Main conclusions The negative relationship to temperature and the
 ample suitable habitats predicted to exist poleward of the current
 species’ range limit indicates whitebark pine is not limited by cold
 temperatures. We suggest that not all species’ ranges are cold limited at
 high latitudes or elevations. For whitebark pine this means warming
 temperatures may not directly result in a northern range expansion as a
 result of warming habitat.
description: These data are only those collected by A.Clason. All other data
 used as part of this paper were collected by other researchers and
 organizations.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fqgg7g
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 105 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Aldina heterophylla",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 105 records from 33 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002250-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gberw6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3187 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Astragalus filipes"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3187 records from 121 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002251-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.crjdfn31p
title: Plant-animal interactions between carnivorous plants, sheet-web spiders, and ground-running spiders as guild predators in a wet meadow community

description: Plant-animal interactions are diverse and wide-spread shaping ecology,
 evolution and biodiversity of most ecological communities. 
 Carnivorous plants are unusual in that they can be simultaneously engaged
 with animals in multiple mutualistic and antagonistic interactions
 including reversed plant-animal interactions where they are the
 predator.  Competition with animals is a potential antagonistic
 plant-animal interaction unique to carnivorous plants when they and animal
 predators consume the same prey. The goal of this field study was to test
 the hypothesis that under natural conditions, sundews and spiders are
 predators consuming the same prey thus creating an environment where
 interkingdom competition can occur. Over 12 months, we collected data on
 15 dates in the only protected Highland Rim Wet Meadow Ecosystem in
 Kentucky where sundews, sheet-web spiders and ground-running spiders
 co-exist.  One each sampling day, we attempted to locate fifteen
 sites with: 1) both sheet-web spiders and sundews; 2) sundews only; and
 where neither occurred.  Sticky traps were set at each of these
 sites to determine prey (springtails) activity-density. 
 Ground-running spiders were collected on sampling days.  DNA
 extraction was performed on all spiders to determine which individuals had
 eaten springtails and comparing this to the density of sundews where the
 spiders were captured.  Sundews and spiders consumed
 springtails.  Springtail activity-densities were lower the higher
 the density of sundews.  Both sheet-web and ground-running
 spiders were found less often where sundew densities were high. 
 Sheet-web size was smaller where sundews densities were high. 
 The results of this study suggest that asymmetrical exploitative
 competition occurs between sundews and spiders.  Sundews appear
 to have a greater negative impact on spiders, where spiders probably have
 little impact on sundews.  In this example of interkingdom
 competition where the asymmetry should be most extreme, amensalism where
 one competitor experiences no cost of interaction may be
 occurring. 
description: These are excel files from both collected field data and lab
 data.
DOI: 10.25338/b83p56
title: Pathogen genetic control of transcriptome variation in the Arabidopsis thaliana – Botrytis cinerea pathosystem

description: In plant-pathogen relations, disease symptoms arise from the interaction
 of the host and pathogen genomes. Host-pathogen functional gene
 interactions are well described while little is known about how the
 pathogen genetic variation modulates both organisms’ transcriptomes. To
 model and generate hypotheses on a generalist pathogen control of gene
 expression regulation, we used the Botrytis cinerea - Arabidopsis thaliana
 pathosystem and the genetic diversity of a collection of 96 B. cinerea
 isolates. We performed expression-based genome-wide association (eGWA) for
 each of 23,947 measurable transcripts in Arabidopsis (host), and 9,267
 measurable transcripts in B. cinerea (pathogen). Unlike other eGWA
 studies, we detected a relative absence of locally acting expression
 quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTL) partly caused by structural variants
 and allelic heterogeneity hindering their identification. This study
 identified several distantly acting trans-eQTL linked to eQTL hotspots
 dispersed across Botrytis genome that altered only Botrytis transcripts,
 only Arabidopsis transcripts, or transcripts from both species. Gene
 membership in the trans-eQTL hotspots suggests links between gene
 expression regulation and both known and novel virulence mechanisms in
 this pathosystem. Genes annotated to these hotspots provide potential
 targets for blocking manipulation of the host response by this ubiquitous
 generalist necrotrophic pathogen.
description: 95 strains of Botrytis cinerea were whole-genome sequenced
 (illumina) following Atwell et. al 2015. For Data
 Analysis, 271 749  SNPs at minor allele frequency of 0.2 and missing data
 of 0.1 was used.
description: Read the ReadMe file