DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kh18932g9
title: 9-years of nest records and nest vegetation data at Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Thailand

description: Nest predation is typically the main cause of nest failure in forest
 understory birds thus identification of primary nest predators is key to
 understanding nest predation patterns. Furthermore, responses of predators
 are likely affected by vegetation structure, but predator responses to
 micro-scale habitat characteristics are largely unknown, especially in
 tropical forests. We used a long-term study with one of the largest
 datasets of its kind to investigate the extent to which micro-habitat
 structure (5-m radius surrounding a nest) can predict the likelihood of
 predation and by which predator. In a secondary evergreen forest in
 northeastern Thailand 2013–2021, we found 1,016 active nests of 13 species
 and 24-hour video-monitored 500 of them. We recorded 336 predation events
 from 16 nest predator species. From this and previous studies at our site,
 we identified the top four predator species/species-groups accounting for
 ~83% of predation events: northern pig-tailed macaque Macaca leonina (36%
 of predation events), cat snakes (Boiga cyanea and Boiga siamensis) (20%),
 Blandford’s bridle snake Lycodon cf. davisonii (18%), and accipiters (A.
 trivirgatus and A. badius) (9%). These four differed in their responses to
 vegetation structure likely reflecting differences in foraging behaviors.
 Macaque and accipiters, both diurnal and visually oriented, tended to
 depredate more visible/open nests, but macaques depredated nests
 surrounded by more trees and short woody stems (&lt; 3 m tall)
 compared to raptors. For snakes, both nocturnal, cat snakes depredated
 nests with higher numbers of both short woody stems and woody climbers,
 while bridle snakes depredated nests with more trees and fewer climbers.
 As noted previously, nest predator identity is critical to understanding
 habitat-predation patterns. Our data suggest that nest site vegetation
 characteristics influence the likelihood of a given species of predator
 locating a nest and that even small changes in vegetation structure could
 significantly alter predation patterns. 
description: # 9-years of nest records and nest vegetation data at Sakaerat
 Environmental Research Station, Thailand Title: 9-years of nest records
 and nest vegetation data at Sakaerat Environmental Research Station,
 Thailand Creators : Marisa Phringphroh (on behalf of publication team) and
 Daphawan Khamcha (OrcID:0000-0002-9616-8830) Additional Creators: George
 A. Gale Organization: Conservation Ecology Program, School of Bioresources
 and Technology, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Thakham,
 Bangkhuntien, Thailand Description: Nest records of 9 focal bird species
 with nest vegetation data from 2013-2021 ar Sakaerat, Thailand to assess
 daily nest survival Analyses to be published in a manuscript: Nest
 vegetation influences the daily nest survival of 9 focal passerine birds
 in the long-term plot at Sakaerat, northeastern, Thailand Data Format: CSV
 Data Type numeric and text; file was developed to create an input file for
 RMark . Data Descriptions for Columns in CSV file: year: year of data
 collection; each year of the breeding season running approximately from
 January to August code: = species abbreviation + year + nest ID (number
 revers to the rank order of nests e.g. SCBA-2013-04, Scaly-crowned babbler
 of 2013 fourth nest found in the 2013 breeding season type: nest type
 (open cup, open cavity, etc.) outcome: nest outcome: failure or success
 column G to I: Julian date 1 January = day 1 column J to S: vegetation
 variables. \- height: nest height (m) \- active: first active date \-
 ConAbove: percentage of concealment at 0.5 m above the nest (concealment
 above nest) \- VisNESW: percent visibility surrounding a nest based on
 visual estimates from the four cardinal compass directions \- AveCanopy:
 average canopy cover of trees taller than 10 m (m) \- NTree: number of
 trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) &gt; 10 cm \- Nsep13,Nsep35,
 Nsep510 : number of woody stems (DBH&lt;10 cm) categorized into three
 height layers (1–3 m, 3–5 m, and 5–10 m) \- lianaCov: percentage of liana
 cover