DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qfttdz0sx
title: Data from: Metapopulation-level analyses reveal positive fitness-consequences of immigration in a small bird

description: Dispersal links eco-evolutionary dynamics of subpopulations in fragmented
 landscapes and may play a crucial role in the viability of populations by
 increasing individual fitness and subpopulation growth rates. However,
 knowledge of the individual fitness of immigrants and residents and their
 offspring at the local and metapopulation levels is often lacking due to
 the difficulty of quantifying fitness in geographically structured wild
 populations, which requires extensive field efforts. A comprehensive
 dataset that includes more than 15 years of individual
 capture-mark-recapture information and a high-resolution SNP-based
 pedigree from an insular wild house sparrow (Passer domesticus)
 metapopulation, was used to examine the fitness consequences of successful
 immigration for parent and offspring generations and assess the relative
 contributions of immigrants and residents to a local pool of recruits
 versus individuals that recruited in other populations within the
 metapopulation. We showed that immigrants produced more recruiting
 offspring annually and during their lifetime than residents. Moreover, we
 found that hybrid recruits (produced by immigrant-resident parents) had
 higher adult survival and produced more recruiting offspring during their
 lifetime than recruits produced by two resident or two immigrant parents.
 Additionally, although contributions to the local pool of recruits did not
 differ between immigrant and resident parents during their lifetime,
 immigrant parents produced more offspring recruited in other populations
 than resident parents. Our results indicate that the benefits of being an
 immigrant last at least through the first offspring generation. Such
 positive fitness effects of immigrants may improve local population
 viability as well as metapopulation viability. Our study shows the
 importance of quantifying the fitness of successful immigrants at a wide
 geographic scale in structured populations, because it may be difficult to
 a priori predict whether dispersers and residents contribute similarly or
 differently to the dynamics at local population and metapopulation levels.
description: # Metapopulation-level analyses reveal positive fitness consequences of
 immigration in a small bird
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.qfttdz0sx](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.qfttdz0sx) ## Description of the data and file structure Metapopulation-level analyses reveal positive fitness-consequences of immigration in a small bird Dilan Saatoglu, Alina Katariina Niskanen, Hannah Froy, Peter Sjolte Ranke, Debora Goedert, Jane Reid, Thor Harald Ringsby, Bernt-Erik Sæther, Yimen Gerardo Araya-Ajoy and Henrik Jensen Dilan Saatoglu [dilansaatoglu@gmail.com](mailto:dilansaatoglu@gmail.com) ### Files and variables #### The following data files are included: * **LRS.txt:** Data used in the lifetime reproductive success models. It includes ID (ID), natal island and adult island code (natal.island and adult.island respectively; further explanation provided below), dispersal status (disc; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), hatch year (year), sex (sex; f = female; m = male), lifetime reproductive success (LRS), lifespan of the individuals (lifespan). - **ARS_Survival.txt:** Data used in the survival and annual reproductive success models. It includes ID (ID), observation year (obs.year), minimum adult year (minadyear), maximum adult year (maxadyear), breeding year (year), first and last island observed (fiflok and laflok respectively; further explanation provided below), dispersal status (disp; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), natal island code (natal.island; further explanation provided below), age class where the early breeder at the age of 1 (coded as "1") and the rest (coded as "2"), survival status (survival; if survived to the next year = "1", if not = "0"), annual reproductive success (recruits), sex (gensex; f = female; m = male), age of the individual (age). * **Rectype_LRS.txt:** Data used in the lifetime reproductive success models for the recruits. It includes ID of the dam (dam), dispersal status of the dam (disp.dam; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), ID of the sire (sire), dispersal status of the sire (disp.sire; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), ID of the recruit (recruit), last observation island of the recruit (lastobs.island; further explanation provided below), dispersal status of the recruit (disp.rec; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), hatch year (year), sex (sex; f = female; m = male), lifetime reproductive success (LRS), recruit type (hybrid = hybrid, ares-res = native, ydisp-disp = recruit from a two immigrant parents). - **Rectype_ARS_Survival.txt:** Data used in the survival and annual reproductive success models for the recruits. It includes ID of the dam (dam), dispersal status of the dam (disp.dam; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), ID of the sire (sire), dispersal status of the sire (disp.sire; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), ID of the recruit (recruit), sex of the recruit (sex; f = female; m = male), annual reproductive success of the recruits (total recruits), sex of the recruits (gensex; f = female; m = male), observation year of the recruit (obs.year), last observation island of the recruit (lastobs.island; further explanation provided below), breeding year (year), annual resident reproductive success of the recruits (total recruits; i.e. residents reproduced by the recruits), dispersal status of the recruit (disp.rec; 1 = dispersers; 0 = residents), age of the individual (age), age class where the early breeder at the age of 1 (coded as "1") and the rest (coded as "2"), survival status (survival; if survived to the next year = "1", if not = "0"), breeding island and breeding year together (flok.year), recruit type (hybrid = hybrid, ares-res = native, ydisp-disp = recruit from a two immigrant parents). Island codes and names, and each island's habitat type (in parenthesis) are as follows: 20=Nesøy (farm) 22=Myken (non-farm) 23=Træna (non-farm) 24=Selvær (non-farm) 26=Gjerøy (farm) 27=Hestmannøly (farm) 28=Indre Kvarøy (farm) 38=Aldra (farm)