cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318472
title: Extration, identification and stability ananlysis of anthocyanins from organic Guizhou blueberries in China

description: Abstract Guizhou Majiang organic blueberries from China are a prevalent fruit in the health industry and have high anthocyanin contents. This study used the ethanol extraction method, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, AB 8 macroporous resin adsorption purification, and the addition of 3% citric acid to extract anthocyanins, and through single-factor tests and orthogonal tests, the optimum extraction conditions of anthocyanins from blueberries was determined. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: the extraction temperature was 40 °C, the ethanol volume fraction was 80%, the solid-liquid ratio was 1:10, the ultrasonic extraction time was 60 min, and the extraction amount was 2.56 mg/g. Anthocyanins were identified by HPLC, and the effects of storage conditions on their contents were investigated. K+, Cu2+, and Fe2+ had little influence on anthocyanin contents, while hydrogen peroxide had a highly destructive effect. With increasing illumination time, the retention rate of anthocyanins decreased gradually; the higher the temperature was, the stronger the damaging effect on anthocyanin contents, and the appropriate storage temperature was determined to be -4 °C or below. The absorbance was the highest when pH =2. Taken together, the results of our study revealed the optimal extraction process and appropriate preservation conditions of anthocyanins from organic Guizhou blueberries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318473
title: Seasonal variations in some quality parameters of milk produced in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

description: Abstract In this trial, 60 samples of raw cow’s milk collected during summer and winter in five collective centers from Khorasan Razavi Province of Iran were analyzed for penicillin residues, somatic cell counts (SCC), mesophilic counts (TMC) and adulteration materials. The mean penicillin level (0.57 ± 0.20 μg/L) was much lower than the maximum permitted level (MPL) recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (4 μg/L). However, the mean SCC and TMC (Log 5.71 ± 0.08 cells/mL and Log 6.18 ± 0.11 colony forming units (CFU)/mL, respectively) exceeded their respective MPLs adopted in Iran for grade C milk (Log 5.69 cells/mL and Log 6.0 CFU/mL, respectively), with higher counts (P &lt; 0.05) in the summer. High frequencies of samples containing salt (53-60%), detergents (16-20%) and formalin (7-10%) were observed in milk samples, stressing the need for stringent control measures to improve the quality of milk delivered in the evaluated collection centers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318472.v1
title: Extration, identification and stability ananlysis of anthocyanins from organic Guizhou blueberries in China

description: Abstract Guizhou Majiang organic blueberries from China are a prevalent fruit in the health industry and have high anthocyanin contents. This study used the ethanol extraction method, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, AB 8 macroporous resin adsorption purification, and the addition of 3% citric acid to extract anthocyanins, and through single-factor tests and orthogonal tests, the optimum extraction conditions of anthocyanins from blueberries was determined. The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: the extraction temperature was 40 °C, the ethanol volume fraction was 80%, the solid-liquid ratio was 1:10, the ultrasonic extraction time was 60 min, and the extraction amount was 2.56 mg/g. Anthocyanins were identified by HPLC, and the effects of storage conditions on their contents were investigated. K+, Cu2+, and Fe2+ had little influence on anthocyanin contents, while hydrogen peroxide had a highly destructive effect. With increasing illumination time, the retention rate of anthocyanins decreased gradually; the higher the temperature was, the stronger the damaging effect on anthocyanin contents, and the appropriate storage temperature was determined to be -4 °C or below. The absorbance was the highest when pH =2. Taken together, the results of our study revealed the optimal extraction process and appropriate preservation conditions of anthocyanins from organic Guizhou blueberries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318473.v1
title: Seasonal variations in some quality parameters of milk produced in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

description: Abstract In this trial, 60 samples of raw cow’s milk collected during summer and winter in five collective centers from Khorasan Razavi Province of Iran were analyzed for penicillin residues, somatic cell counts (SCC), mesophilic counts (TMC) and adulteration materials. The mean penicillin level (0.57 ± 0.20 μg/L) was much lower than the maximum permitted level (MPL) recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (4 μg/L). However, the mean SCC and TMC (Log 5.71 ± 0.08 cells/mL and Log 6.18 ± 0.11 colony forming units (CFU)/mL, respectively) exceeded their respective MPLs adopted in Iran for grade C milk (Log 5.69 cells/mL and Log 6.0 CFU/mL, respectively), with higher counts (P &lt; 0.05) in the summer. High frequencies of samples containing salt (53-60%), detergents (16-20%) and formalin (7-10%) were observed in milk samples, stressing the need for stringent control measures to improve the quality of milk delivered in the evaluated collection centers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318475
title: Correlation of anti-wrinkling and free radical antioxidant activities of Areca nut with phenolic and flavonoid contents

description: Abstract This study was conducted to compare the correlations between free radical antioxidant activity and anti-wrinkling activity. Areca nut was extracted using various concentrations of ethanol (0, 40, 80, and 100%) and methanol (0, 40, 80, and 100%) at 100 °C for 90 min. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Areca nut were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SRSA), and anti-wrinkling activity (collagenase inhibition and elastase inhibition). In addition, the antioxidant activities were correlated with collagenase inhibition. The antioxidant activities of the extracts exhibited little correlation (R=0.008-0.0760) with TPC, TFC, and TAC; however, significant correlation (R=0.825-0.891) was shown with collagenase inhibition. The 40% and 80% EtOH extracts showed the highest levels of antioxidant activities, and also had the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. The antioxidant activities of the 80% EtOH extracts was greater than that of other extracts. These results indicate that the collagenase inhibition effects of Areca nut extracts may be due to free radical antioxidant activities, and the optimal extraction condition was 80% EtOH.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318475.v1
title: Correlation of anti-wrinkling and free radical antioxidant activities of Areca nut with phenolic and flavonoid contents

description: Abstract This study was conducted to compare the correlations between free radical antioxidant activity and anti-wrinkling activity. Areca nut was extracted using various concentrations of ethanol (0, 40, 80, and 100%) and methanol (0, 40, 80, and 100%) at 100 °C for 90 min. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Areca nut were evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SRSA), and anti-wrinkling activity (collagenase inhibition and elastase inhibition). In addition, the antioxidant activities were correlated with collagenase inhibition. The antioxidant activities of the extracts exhibited little correlation (R=0.008-0.0760) with TPC, TFC, and TAC; however, significant correlation (R=0.825-0.891) was shown with collagenase inhibition. The 40% and 80% EtOH extracts showed the highest levels of antioxidant activities, and also had the highest phenolic and flavonoid contents. The antioxidant activities of the 80% EtOH extracts was greater than that of other extracts. These results indicate that the collagenase inhibition effects of Areca nut extracts may be due to free radical antioxidant activities, and the optimal extraction condition was 80% EtOH.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318476
title: MicroR-146 protects against rat ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting NF-κB-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

description: Abstract MicroR-146 (miR-146) plays crucial roles in attenuating nerve injury during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of miR-146 against cerebral I/R injury. Rat model of cerebral I/R injury was established using 4-vessel occlusion and reperfusion. In this study, miR-146 expression was significantly decreased in neurons in cerebral I/R injury rat compared to sham group. In addition, miR-146+/+ significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, neuron cell apoptosis and the infarct size in cerebral I/R injury rats (p&lt;0.05). Transfection of miR-146 reduced apoptosis, autophagy and autophagy-related proteins LC-3, Beclin-1 and increased p62 in the neuron cells compared to control group. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-146 was indicated to directly targeting NF-κB and activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR expression in neuron cells. In conclusion, these findings suggested that miR-146 could protect against rat ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting NF-κB-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which offered a potential molecular for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318476.v1
title: MicroR-146 protects against rat ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting NF-κB-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

description: Abstract MicroR-146 (miR-146) plays crucial roles in attenuating nerve injury during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of miR-146 against cerebral I/R injury. Rat model of cerebral I/R injury was established using 4-vessel occlusion and reperfusion. In this study, miR-146 expression was significantly decreased in neurons in cerebral I/R injury rat compared to sham group. In addition, miR-146+/+ significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, neuron cell apoptosis and the infarct size in cerebral I/R injury rats (p&lt;0.05). Transfection of miR-146 reduced apoptosis, autophagy and autophagy-related proteins LC-3, Beclin-1 and increased p62 in the neuron cells compared to control group. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-146 was indicated to directly targeting NF-κB and activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR expression in neuron cells. In conclusion, these findings suggested that miR-146 could protect against rat ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting NF-κB-mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which offered a potential molecular for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318478
title: In vitro degradative effect of purified zearalenone with or without adsorbents after bionic digestion

description: Abstract The occurrence of zearalenone is considered a major risk factor affecting human and animal health worldwide. Zearalenone-contaminated feed can cause serious disorders and diseases in farm animals. A number of approaches have been developed to counteract zearalenone, but only few can be used. A potential approach to protecting animals against the harmful effects of zearalenone-contaminated feed is the use of substances to reduce zearalenone contamination of feed. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different absorbents in zearalenone-contaminated feed via in vitro bionic digestion. The results revealed that three types of absorbents exhibit improved effects. More than 50% of zearalenone is absorbed during digestion. Specifically, KLX (the main component is yeast cell wall), absorbed 83% of the zearalenone in the contaminated feed after bionic digestion in vitro. Monogastric animal bionic digestion is a rapid and physiologically relevant method to evaluate the efficacy of adsorbent materials in binding mycotoxins. The technique can be used to pre-screen the mycotoxin/adsorbent combinations as an alternative to animal experiments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318478.v1
title: In vitro degradative effect of purified zearalenone with or without adsorbents after bionic digestion

description: Abstract The occurrence of zearalenone is considered a major risk factor affecting human and animal health worldwide. Zearalenone-contaminated feed can cause serious disorders and diseases in farm animals. A number of approaches have been developed to counteract zearalenone, but only few can be used. A potential approach to protecting animals against the harmful effects of zearalenone-contaminated feed is the use of substances to reduce zearalenone contamination of feed. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of different absorbents in zearalenone-contaminated feed via in vitro bionic digestion. The results revealed that three types of absorbents exhibit improved effects. More than 50% of zearalenone is absorbed during digestion. Specifically, KLX (the main component is yeast cell wall), absorbed 83% of the zearalenone in the contaminated feed after bionic digestion in vitro. Monogastric animal bionic digestion is a rapid and physiologically relevant method to evaluate the efficacy of adsorbent materials in binding mycotoxins. The technique can be used to pre-screen the mycotoxin/adsorbent combinations as an alternative to animal experiments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318479
title: Preparation of weaning foods by replacing plant proteins with egg protein

description: Abstract The present study was designed to prepare to wean food by replacing plant proteins with egg proteins. The weaning foods containing 14, 16 and 18% extruded soy proteins were replaced with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% egg proteins using whole egg powder. Physicochemical analysis of raw material and weaned products, water activity, bulk density, in vitro study for protein digestibility, color analysis, microbiological analysis, and sensorial evaluation. Protein content significantly (p &lt; 0.05) varied from 13.76% to 19.89% for formulated weaning foods with the highest value in T12. Treatment T5 and T11 exhibited minimum water absorption capacity (1.86 mL/g) and maximum (2.63 mL/g), respectively. Treatment T1 exhibited the highest (0.76 mL/g) values of bulk density, while the treatment T7 and T12 had the lowest values (0.69 mL/g). The maximum in vitro digestibility was observed in treatment T15 (83.8%) while the minimum (65.4%) was observed in treatment T1. The sensorial evaluation results for all the treatments are significantly (p &lt; 0.05) varies with an overall acceptable score. Results indicate that the microbial loads also within acceptable limits. The weaning foods composite animal proteins can be a cost-effective and possible tool to overcome malnutrition among children in developing countries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318481
title: Use of scanning electron microscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography to assess the ability of microorganisms to bind aflatoxin M1 in Minas Frescal cheese

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of two strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactococcus lactis, and a yeast strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, inactivated by heat (121 °C, 10 min), from binding to aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), as well as the interaction between these microorganisms, aflatoxin M1 and the Minas Frescal cheese matrix after 2 and 30 days of storage. The ability of LABs and S. cerevisiae to bind AFM1 to Minas Frescal cheese was evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) composed of a fluorescence detector. The interaction between these microorganisms and AFM1 was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope composed of a backscattered electron detector with a voltage of 15 kV and magnifications of 1000 ×, 5000 × and 8000 ×. The use of microorganisms as a biological method is efficient in reducing AFM1 in Minas Frescal cheese and does not affect the microbiological parameters. AFM1 reduction varied according to the microorganism used in the treatments. S cerevisiae showed greater capacity to bind AFM1 over time, compared to LABs. Scanning electron microscopy was especially useful, confirming that lactic acid bacteria and S. cerevisae were able to bind AFM1 particles in Minas Frescal cheese.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318481.v1
title: Use of scanning electron microscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography to assess the ability of microorganisms to bind aflatoxin M1 in Minas Frescal cheese

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of two strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactococcus lactis, and a yeast strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, inactivated by heat (121 °C, 10 min), from binding to aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), as well as the interaction between these microorganisms, aflatoxin M1 and the Minas Frescal cheese matrix after 2 and 30 days of storage. The ability of LABs and S. cerevisiae to bind AFM1 to Minas Frescal cheese was evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) composed of a fluorescence detector. The interaction between these microorganisms and AFM1 was evaluated using a scanning electron microscope composed of a backscattered electron detector with a voltage of 15 kV and magnifications of 1000 ×, 5000 × and 8000 ×. The use of microorganisms as a biological method is efficient in reducing AFM1 in Minas Frescal cheese and does not affect the microbiological parameters. AFM1 reduction varied according to the microorganism used in the treatments. S cerevisiae showed greater capacity to bind AFM1 over time, compared to LABs. Scanning electron microscopy was especially useful, confirming that lactic acid bacteria and S. cerevisae were able to bind AFM1 particles in Minas Frescal cheese.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318479.v1
title: Preparation of weaning foods by replacing plant proteins with egg protein

description: Abstract The present study was designed to prepare to wean food by replacing plant proteins with egg proteins. The weaning foods containing 14, 16 and 18% extruded soy proteins were replaced with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% egg proteins using whole egg powder. Physicochemical analysis of raw material and weaned products, water activity, bulk density, in vitro study for protein digestibility, color analysis, microbiological analysis, and sensorial evaluation. Protein content significantly (p &lt; 0.05) varied from 13.76% to 19.89% for formulated weaning foods with the highest value in T12. Treatment T5 and T11 exhibited minimum water absorption capacity (1.86 mL/g) and maximum (2.63 mL/g), respectively. Treatment T1 exhibited the highest (0.76 mL/g) values of bulk density, while the treatment T7 and T12 had the lowest values (0.69 mL/g). The maximum in vitro digestibility was observed in treatment T15 (83.8%) while the minimum (65.4%) was observed in treatment T1. The sensorial evaluation results for all the treatments are significantly (p &lt; 0.05) varies with an overall acceptable score. Results indicate that the microbial loads also within acceptable limits. The weaning foods composite animal proteins can be a cost-effective and possible tool to overcome malnutrition among children in developing countries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318482
title: Ethylene and its inhibitors affect the quality of processed sweet potatoes

description: Abstract Sweet potato fried chips have great acceptance and high market value. Sprouting and fresh mass loss of tuberous roots during storage compromise the quality of the processed products. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), amino-oxyacetic acid (AOA), and ethylene on the physico-chemical quality of fresh sweet potato and its relationship with fried color score in processed chips of cv. BRS Rubissol stored at room temperature. During storage, the weight loss, sprouts number, dry matter content, non-enzymatic browning, protein content, soluble phenols fraction, reducing sugars, total amino acids, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and SS/TA ratio were evaluated. The sweet potato roots cv. BRS Rubissol present good potential for processing as fried chips. 1-MCP and AOA treatments reduced the root sprouting, physico-chemical quality was maintained in all treatments and the fried chips showed less browning in all treatments with storage. Since the sprouting process compromises the storage of roots, AOA and 1-MCP treatments may be applied to extend the shelf-life of roots and improve the processing potential.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318484
title: Extraction of carrageenan from Eucheuma spinosum using ohmic heating: optimization of extraction conditions using response surface methodology

description: Abstract Seaweed is an important global commodity since it is the source of many important products such as carrageenans, agar, alginates, and bioactive compounds. Seaweed processing is an energy intensive process since it involves heating large volumes of seaweeds in alkali solutions at high temperatures for up to six hours. To increase energy efficiency, an ohmic based processing system has been developed but has not been tested thoroughly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify optimum processing conditions for extraction of carrageenan from Eucheuma spinosum using ohmic heating technology. The experiment was conducted using Central Composite Design with four variables, i.e. extraction temperature, extraction duration, KOH concentration, and solution to seaweed ratio. Following the extraction process, carrageenan was recovered through precipitation using 90% isoprophyl alcohol solution. Results of experiments indicate that extraction yields varied from 29.6-62.4% dry basis with viscosity and gel strength varied from 259-290 mPa.s and 42.54-70.41 g/cm2 respectively. Statistical analysis indicated that extraction yield can be adequately modeled using the four variables and optimum extraction yield (61.59%), gel strength (53.48 g/cm2), and viscosity (284.51 mPa.s) were achieved at 95 °C extraction temperature, 240 minutes of extraction time, 0.4M KOH concentration, and 45:1 solution to seaweed ratio.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14318485
title: Composition proximate, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of Butia capitata

description: Abstract Butia capitata, native to the Brazilian cerrado, is underutilized for human consumption. The objective was to determine the physical characteristics of the fruit, centesimal composition, bioactive and antioxidant activity. Fruits obtained in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Diameter, height and weight were evaluated. The moisture was analyzed by gravimetry after oven drying, ashes by calcining in a muffle furnace, proteins by the Kjeldahl method, gravimetric lipids after extraction in ethyl ether, carbohydrates by difference and total energy value by conversion factors. Vitamin C, E and carotenoids were analyzed by HPLC, minerals by inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrometry, Folin Ciocalteu solution phenolic compounds, anthocyanins by spectrophotometry and antioxidant capacity by the Radical DPPH. The fruits presented good pulp yield (68.59%), which has a high lipid content (3.42 g.100 g-1) and total energy (83.34 kcal.100 g-1). The pulp contains ß-carotene (8.56 mg.100 g-1), vitamin E (121.07 mcg.100 g-1) and high concentrations of vitamin C (53.57 mg.100 g-1), total phenolics (493, 6 mg.100 g-1) and copper (1.80 mg.100 g-1). Almond has a high value of total energy (457.72 kcal.100 g-1), vitamin E (1594.39 mcg.100 g-1) and minerals Cu (2.40 mg.100 g-1) and Mo (0.9.100 g-1). The pulp is a source of carotenoids, vitamin C, copper and total phenolics, both natural antioxidants.