DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bcc2fqzjq
title: Data from: Sleep and subjective age: Protect your sleep if you want to feel young

description: The current studies examined the impact of insufficient sleep and
 sleepiness on the subjective experience of age. Study 1, a cross-sectional
 study of 429 participants (282 females (66%), 144 males, 3 other; age
 range 18-70) showed that for each additional day of insufficient sleep in
 the last 30 days, subjective age increased by 0.23 years. Study 2, an
 experimental crossover sleep restriction study (N = 186; 102 females
 (55%); 84 males; age range 18-46) showed that two nights of sleep
 restriction (4h in bed/night) made people feel 4.44 years older compared
 to sleep saturation (9h in bed/night). Additionally, moving from feeling
 extremely alert (KSS score of 1) to feeling extremely sleepy (KSS score of
 9) was associated with feeling 10 years older in both studies. These
 findings provide compelling support for insufficient sleep and sleepiness
 to exert a substantial influence on how old we feel, and that safeguarding
 sleep is likely a key factor in feeling young. 
description: **Title of the study:** Sleep and subjective age: Protect your sleep if
 you want to feel young **Authors:** Leonie JT Balter & John Axelsson
 **Contact:** [leonie.balter@su.se](mailto:leonie.balter@su.se)
 **Abstract:** The current studies examined the impact of insufficient
 sleep and sleepiness on the subjective experience of age. Study 1, a
 cross-sectional study of 429 participants (282 females (66%), 144 males, 3
 other; age range 18-70) showed that for each additional day of
 insufficient sleep in the last 30 days, subjective age increased by 0.23
 years. Study 2, an experimental crossover sleep restriction study (N =
 186; 102 females (55%); 84 males; age range 18-46) showed that two nights
 of sleep restriction (4h in bed/night) made people feel 4.44 years older
 compared to sleep saturation (9h in bed/night). Additionally, moving from
 feeling extremely alert (KSS score of 1) to feeling extremely sleepy (KSS
 score of 9) was associated with feeling 10 years older in both studies.
 These findings provide compelling support for insufficient sleep and
 sleepiness to exert a substantial influence on how old we feel, and that
 safeguarding sleep is likely a key factor in feeling young. Code version:
 RMarkdown Overview files: 2 studies: 1. Study 1 Lifespan study
 (“lifespan.xlsx”) 2. Study 2 Experimental sleep restriction study
 (“bs.xlsx” and “agegender.xlsx”) --- R Markdown html link:
 Sleep-and-subjective-age-Script.html ## Description of the data and file
 structure ### Study 1 The lifespan.xlsx file contains a column with: *
 Participant id (“id_new”) * Calendar age (“age”) * Subjective age
 (“feelage”) * Gender ("gender"), answer option:
 "Female", "Male", or Other, please specify: * Text
 entry if gender is "Other, please specify:" (“genderspecify”) *
 Karolinska Sleepiness Scale rating (“sleepy”, range 1-9) * Number of days
 with insufficient sleep in the past 30 days (“insuffsleep”, range 0-30) *
 rMEQ item 1 ("rmeq_getupownchoice"), answer option: 05:00 - 6:30
 AM; 6:31 - 7:45 AM; 7:46 - 9:45 AM; 9:45 - 11:00 AM; 11:00 - 12 (noon);
 After 12 (noon) * rMEQ item 2 ("rmeq_tiredwokenup"), answer
 option: Very tired; Fairly tired; Fairly refreshed; Very refreshed * rMEQ
 item 3 ("rmeq_timetired"), answer option: 8:00 PM - 9:00 PM
 (20:00 - 21:00); 9:01 PM - 10:15 PM (21:01 - 22:15); 10:16 PM - 12:45 AM
 (22:16 - 00:45); 12:46 AM - 2:00 AM (00:46 - 2:00); 2:01 AM - 3:00 AM
 (2:01 - 3:00) * rMEQ item 4 ("rmeq_feelingbestpeak"), answer
 option: 5:00 AM - 8:00 AM (5:00 - 8:00); 8:01 AM - 10:00 AM 8:01 - 10:00);
 10:01 AM - 5:00 PM (10:01 - 17:00); 5:01 PM - 10:00 PM (17:01 - 22:00);
 10:01 PM - 4:59 AM (22:01 - 4:59) * rMEQ item 5
 ("rmeq_chronotype"), answer option: Definitely a
 "morning" type; Rather more a "morning" than an
 "evening" type; Rather more an "evening" than a
 "morning" type; Definitely an "evening" type ### Study
 2 The bs.xlsx file contains a column with: * Participant id (“id”) *
 Subjective age (“feelage”) * Karolinska Sleepiness Scale rating (“sleepy”,
 range 1-9) * rMEQ item 1 ("rmeq_getupownchoice"), answer option:
 time entry * rMEQ item 2 ("rmeq_tiredwokenup"), answer option:
 Very tired; Fairly tired; Fairly refreshed; Very refreshed * rMEQ item 3
 ("rmeq_timetired"), answer option: time entry * rMEQ item 4
 ("rmeq_feelingbestpeak"), answer option: time entry * rMEQ item
 5 ("rmeq_chronotype"), answer options: Definitely a
 "morning" type; Rather more a "morning" than an
 "evening" type; Rather more an "evening" than a
 "morning" type; Definitely an "evening" type The
 agegender.xlsx file contains a column with: * Participant id (“id”) *
 Gender ("gender"), answer option: female (F), male (M) or other
 (Other, please specify:) * Calendar age (“age”) ## Code/Software R
 Markdown file shows script and results The following packages were used:
 ggplot2, writexl, readxl, dplyr, lme4, sjPlot, tidyr, patchwork, knitr,
 reshape2, ggdist