DOI: 10.5061/dryad.83bk3jb13
title: Ecological stress memory in wood architecture of two Neotropical hickory species from central-eastern Mexico

description: Drought periods are major evolutionary triggers of wood anatomical
 adaptive variation in Lower Tropical Montane Cloud Forests tree species.
 We tested the influence of historical drought events on the effects of
 ecological stress memory on latewood width and xylem vessel traits (vessel
 density, vessel grouping index, hydraulic diameter, and percent conductive
 area) in two relict hickory species (Carya palmeri and Carya
 myristiciformis) from central-eastern Mexico. We hypothesized that
 latewood width would decrease during historical drought years, developing
 correlations between growth and hydric stress conditions, and that during
 past tree growth, moisture stress would imprint on wood anatomical traits
 between successive drought events. We analyzed latewood anatomical traits
 that developed during historical drought and pre- and post-drought years
 in both hickory species. We found that repeated periods of hydric stress
 left climatic signatures for annual latewood growth and xylem vessel
 traits that are essential for hydric adaptation in tropical moist tree
 species. Our results demonstrate the existence of cause‒effect
 relationships in wood anatomical architecture and highlight the ecological
 stress memory linked with historical drought events. Thus, combined
 time-series analysis of latewood width and xylem vessel traits is a
 powerful tool for understanding the ecological behavior of hickory
 species.
description: The Ring-Width Index (RWI), earlywood-width (EWw) and
 latewood-width (LWw) of hickory species were measured separately to obtain
 intra-annual climate signals from the tree-ring parameters by the presence
 of distinct narrow to wide earlywood conduits in a single intermittent
 row, and medium to narrow solitary and radial multiples of latewood
 conduits from two to three (https://www.wood-database.com) were used as phenological indicators to determine the EWw and LWw boundaries. Growth rings (EWw and LWw) were measured under a stereoscopic microscope (Olympus SZ61, Olympus Corporation, Center Valley, PA, USA) and with a Velmex Tree Ring Measuring System (Velmex, Bloomfield, NY, USA) with 0.001 mm accuracy using TSAP-Win v. 4.67c. The ring-width time series were visually and statistically cross-dated using the software TSAP-Win and COFECHA. To obtain the average of the detrended RWIs, EWw, and LWw, we standardized the raw ring-width series using the ARSTAN program to remove non-climatic trends. A cubic smoothing spline with a 50% frequency cutoff at 30-year intervals was used to perform detrending on each series, which preserved high variance at a frequency equal to two-thirds of the length of each series. The individual detrended tree-ring series were then averaged to create mean site chronologies by computing the bi-weighted robust mean. To assess the reliability of the site chronologies, we used the expressed population signal (EPS &gt; 0.85) and interseries correlation.
description: # Ecological stress memory in wood architecture of two Neotropical hickory
 species from central-eastern Mexico
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.83bk3jb13](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.83bk3jb13) Carya species database: Description of the Data and file structure We have attached the information on the database used and the dendrochronology analyses performed to obtain the results in the manuscript. Also attached are the statistical programs and software that users can use to obtain the information. 1\) Tree ring width measurement was performed using the free software COFECHA and the TSAP-Win v.4.67c 2\) We performed statistical analyses using the software R. Sharing/access Information Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: COFECHA ([https://www.ltrr.arizona.edu/pub/dpl/A-INFO.HTM).-](https://www.ltrr.arizona.edu/pub/dpl/A-INFO.HTM\).-) Dating and measurement tree-ring quality control. TSAP-Win ([https://rinntech.info/products/tsap-win/).-](https://rinntech.info/products/tsap-win/\).-) Is used for analysis in dendrochronology, climate change, ecological patterns, growth and yield studies and any application requiring accurate analysis of annual rings. R-software ([https://www.r-project.org/).-](https://www.r-project.org/\).-) The program is used to complete all statistical analyses performed in the manuscript. DATABASE CONTENTS The databases contain *Carya palmeri* and *Carya miristiciformis* chronologies (chronology.txt). A description of the included variables follows: chronology.txt: Tree ring width information and year of formation. The column A in the database represents the years, and the columns B represents the *Carya palmeri* ring width index data (mm), and the columns C the *Carya myristiciformis* ring width index data (mm). Additional information ``` Wood images were prepared to obtain high-resolution anatomical images (1.3 µm per pixel resolution) following IAWA recommendations (IAWA Committee, 1989) and Piermattei et al. (2020). To obtain digital images mounted slides were observed under a light microscope (Olympus SZ61), associated with a digital camera (Leica DFC 490), using the software ImagePro-Plus v. 4 (Media Cybernetics) was utilized to measure the vessel traits. We considered DH, VI, FD, FL, and FWT because these traits could provide an approximation of environmental susceptibility to how Magnolia wood is affected by climatic variation (Rodríguez-Ramírez et al. 2020, 2021). ```