cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f1p501r
title: Data from: Optimal sperm length for high siring success depends on forehead patch size in collared flycatchers

description: Dominance over rivals, sexual attractiveness and highly efficient
 ejaculates are three important contributors of male fertilization success
 but theories about how primary and secondary sexual characters may
 co-evolve largely remain to be tested. We investigated how variation in a
 sexual signal (forehead patch size) and in sperm morphology jointly
 affected siring success of 70 males in a natural population of collared
 flycatchers. We show that the optimal sperm length to attain high relative
 fertilization success depended on the size of a male’s secondary sexual
 character. Males with small forehead patches sired more offspring in their
 nest when they produced long sperm and vice-versa. These results are not
 compatible with theories based on simple relationships between display
 traits and sperm “quality” but imply that the optimal fertilization
 strategy (and hence optimal sperm traits) differs between males even in a
 predominantly socially monogamous population with moderate extra-pair
 paternity rates. Thus, a better knowledge of the complex chain of
 behavioural interactions between the sexes and their gametes is needed for
 a complete understanding of how sexual selection operates in nature.
description: Alund_etal_beheco20170607_dataData on sperm morphology, forehead patch measurements, age, breeding status, clutch size and siring success of male collared flycatchers collected in the field.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cb4jv4b
title: Data from: Den site selection by male brown bears at the population’s expansion front

description: Brown bears (Ursus arctos) spend about half of the year in winter dens. In
 order to preserve energy, bears may select denning locations that minimize
 temperature loss and human disturbance. In expanding animal populations,
 demographic structure and individual behavior at the expansion front can
 differ from core areas. We conducted a non-invasive study of male brown
 bear den sites at the male-biased, low-density western expansion front of
 the Scandinavian brown bear population, comparing den locations to the
 available habitat. Compared to the higher-density population core in which
 intraspecific avoidance may affect den site selection of subordinate
 bears, we expected resource competition in the periphery to be low, and
 all bears to be able to select optimal den sites. In addition, bears in
 the periphery had access to free-ranging domestic sheep during summer. We
 found that males in the periphery denned on high-elevation slopes,
 probably providing good drainage, longer periods of consistent, insulating
 snow cover and fewer melting-freezing events. Forests were the principal
 denning habitat and no dens were found in alpine areas. The Scandinavian
 brown bears have a history of intense harvest, including culling at the
 den. This may have exerted a selection pressure to avoid denning in open
 alpine habitat which compared to forests provide little cover. The bears
 denned away from main roads and in steep, rugged terrain, probably
 limiting human access. The odds for finding a bear den decreased with
 increasing distance to the population core where females could be found.
 Previous studies have documented directed movement of male brown bears
 from the male-biased population periphery toward the core areas during the
 mating season. In this way, denning males may be trading off between low
 resource competition and access to sheep in the low-density periphery and
 mating opportunities in the higher-density population core.
description: DenDataDen sites used by brown bear (Ursus actos) males in Hedmark, Norway, at the male-biased, low-density expansion front of the Scandinavian brown bear population. Den sites were located non-invasively. The data file includes characteristics such as cover type, topographic parameters and distance to human structures.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rc366q
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1184 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Duboisia hopwoodii",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1184 records from 29 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000901-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.378bk
title: Data from: The effect of parasitism and interpopulation hybridization on Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) fitness

description: Recent research in mosquito population genetics suggests that
 interpopulation hybridization has likely contributed to the rapid spread
 of the container-breeding mosquitoes. Here, I used laboratory experiments
 to investigate whether interpopulation Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus
 (Skuse) F1 and F2 hybrids exhibit higher fitness than parental
 populations, and whether hybrid mosquito performance is related to
 infection by the coevolved protozoan parasite Ascogregarina taiwanensis
 (Lien and Levine). Overall, there were significant differences in
 development time, wing length, and survival between the two parental
 mosquito populations, but no difference in per capita growth rate r.
 Hybrid mosquitoes were generally intermediate in phenotype to the
 parentals, except that F2 females were significantly larger than the
 midparent average. In addition, As. taiwanensis parasites produced fewest
 oocysts when they were reared in hosts of hybrid origin. These data
 suggest that hybridization between previously isolated mosquito
 populations can result in slight increases in potential mosquito
 reproductive success, via increased hybrid body size, and via the
 temporary escape from coevolved parasites. These findings are significant
 because studies have shown that even slight hybrid vigor can have positive
 fitness consequences for population persistence. Although this was a
 laboratory experiment extending only to the F2 generation, many other
 invasive insects also carry coevolved parasites, and thus the patterns
 seen in this mosquito system may be broadly relevant.
description: tseng-2017-jme-dryadRaw data for this manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8bb66
title: Data from: Rising atmospheric CO2 is reducing the protein concentration of a floral pollen source essential for North American bees

description: At present, there is substantive evidence that the nutritional content of
 agriculturally important food crops will decrease in response to rising
 levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide, Ca. However, whether Ca-induced
 declines in nutritional quality are also occurring for pollinator food
 sources is unknown. Flowering late in the season, goldenrod (Solidago
 spp.) pollen is a widely available autumnal food source commonly
 acknowledged by apiarists to be essential to native bee (e.g. Bombus spp.)
 and honeybee (Apis mellifera) health and winter survival. Using floral
 collections obtained from the Smithsonian Natural History Museum, we
 quantified Ca-induced temporal changes in pollen protein concentration of
 Canada goldenrod (Solidago canadensis), the most widespread Solidago
 taxon, from hundreds of samples collected throughout the USA and southern
 Canada over the period 1842–2014 (i.e. a Ca from approx. 280 to 398 ppm).
 In addition, we conducted a 2 year in situ trial of S. canadensis
 populations grown along a continuous Ca gradient from approximately 280 to
 500 ppm. The historical data indicated a strong significant correlation
 between recent increases in Ca and reductions in pollen protein
 concentration (r2 = 0.81). Experimental data confirmed this decrease in
 pollen protein concentration, and indicated that it would be ongoing as Ca
 continues to rise in the near term, i.e. to 500 ppm (r2 = 0.88). While
 additional data are needed to quantify the subsequent effects of reduced
 protein concentration for Canada goldenrod on bee health and population
 stability, these results are the first to indicate that increasing Ca can
 reduce protein content of a floral pollen source widely used by North
 American bees.
description: Solidago_FINAL_HERBARIUMSpreadsheet of historical and experimental counts.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9js2g
title: Data from: Relationships between leaf shape and climate in Rhododendron mucronulatum

description: We studied the relationships between morphometric parameters of leaves of
 Rhododendron mucronulatum and climate features at the northern limit of
 its distribution. A great morphological diversity in leaf shapes,
 including strong deviations from the typical lanceolate and acute leaf
 shape was revealed. We found that the frequency of an elliptic shape with
 obtuse apex is the result of morphological adaptation to particular
 climatic conditions and that the diversity of leaf morphological features
 were strongly correlated with temperature and annual precipitation. The
 climatic parameters of the winter period were found to be more important
 for determining the leaf shape than the climate during the growing season.
description: Rh_mucronulatum_datasetMorphometric variables for Rhododendrom mucronulatum samples used in article
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qv565
title: Data from: Does vocal learning accelerate acoustic diversification? Evolution of contact calls in neotropical parrots

description: Learning has been traditionally though to accelerate the evolutionary
 change of behavioral traits. We evaluated the evolutionary rate of learned
 vocalizations and the interplay of morphology and ecology in the evolution
 of these signals. We examined contact calls of 51 species of Neotropical
 parrots from the tribe Arini. Parrots are ideal subjects due to their wide
 range of body sizes and habitats, and their open-ended vocal learning that
 allows them to modify their calls throughout life. We estimated the
 evolutionary rate of acoustic parameters of parrot contact calls and
 directly compared them to those of morphological traits and habitat. We
 also evaluated the effect of body mass, bill length, vegetation density,
 and species interactions on acoustic parameters of contact calls while
 controlling for phylogeny. Evolutionary rates of acoustic parameters did
 not differ from those of our predictor variables except for spectral
 entropy, which had a significantly slower rate of evolution. We found
 support for correlated evolution of call duration, and fundamental and
 peak frequencies with body mass, and of fundamental frequency with bill
 length. The degree of sympatry between species did not have a significant
 effect on acoustic parameters. Our results suggest that parrot contact
 calls, which are learned acoustic signals, show evolutionary rates similar
 to those of morphological traits. This is the first study to our knowledge
 to provide evidence that change through cultural evolution does not
 necessarily accelerate the evolutionary rate of traits acquired through
 life-long vocal learning.
description: Acoustic Parameters,
 Body Mass, Bill Length, and Vegetation Index of 51 sp from the Arini
 TribeThis spreadsheet
 includes the data on acoustic parameters, body mass, bill length, and
 vegetation index of the 51 species from the Arini Tribe included in our
 study.Acoustic Parameters_Body Mass_
 Bill Length_Veg Index_Arini
 Tribe.csvDistribution overlap
 Arini 51 spThis spreadsheet
 contains: 1) The range of each of the 51 species from the Arini tribe
 included in our study, and 2) The degree of overlap of distribution ranges
 for all possible pairs of species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.73s68
title: Data from: Stability of a coevolving host-parasite system peaks at intermediate productivity

description: Habitat productivity may affect the stability of consumer-resource
 systems, through both ecological and evolutionary mechanisms. We
 hypothesize that coevolving consumer-resource systems show more stable
 dynamics at intermediate resource availability, while very low-level
 resource supply cannot support sufficiently large populations of resource
 and consumer species to avoid stochastic extinction, and extremely
 resource-rich environments may promote escalatory arms-race-like
 coevolution that can cause strong fluctuations in species abundance and
 even extinction of one or both trophic levels.We tested these ideas by
 carrying out an experimental evolution study with a model bacterium-phage
 system (Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 and its phage SBW25Φ2). Consistent
 with our hypothesis, this system was most stable at intermediate resource
 supply (fewer extinction events and smaller magnitude of population
 fluctuation). In our experiment, the rate of coevolution between bacterial
 resistance and phage infectivity was correlated with the magnitude of
 population fluctuation, which may explain the different in stability
 between levels of resource supply. Crucially, our results are consistent
 with a suggestion that, among the two major modes of antagonistic
 coevolution, arms race is more likely than fluctuation selection dynamics
 to cause extinction events in consumer-resource systems. This study
 suggests an important role of environment-dependent coevolutionary
 dynamics for the stability of consumer-resource species systems, therefore
 highlights the importance to consider contemporaneous evolutionary
 dynamics when studying the stability of ecosystems,particularly those
 under environmental changes.
description: Three_productivitiesPopulation_densityChallenge_data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d22f7
title: Data from: Collective response of leaf-cutting ants to the effects of wind on foraging activity

description: One advantage of sociality is to mitigate environmental restrictions
 through collective behavior. Here we document a colony-level response of
 leaf-cutting ants to wind, an environmental factor that impedes foraging.
 Given that larger ants adhere more strongly to the substrate, increasing
 forager size in windy conditions should reduce the negative effect of
 wind. We tested this idea for Acromyrmex lobicornis in windy regions of
 Patagonia. We examined (1) whether the fraction of larger ants versus
 smaller ants increased in windy conditions and (2) whether the effect of
 wind on the ants’ movement was lower for larger ants. The size-frequency
 distribution of foragers was skewed more toward larger ants in nature
 under more windy conditions. Under windy conditions in the field, the
 mobility of smaller ants was more reduced than that of larger ants. The
 change toward larger foragers in windy conditions reduced the negative
 effect of wind by 32%, illustrating how a social organism can collectively
 mitigate the adverse effects of the environment.
description: Ant size, effect of wind
 and load areadata.xls
DOI: 10.21227/43c3-j345
title: "Drug Repositioning Dataset"

description: "This dataset collected three types of entities involved in the structure of a drug repurposing network, forming a network with ten types of relationships"
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1187
title: Data from: Scale-dependent genetic structure of the Idaho giant salamander (Dicamptodon aterrimus) in stream networks

description: The network architecture of streams and rivers constrains evolutionary,
 demographic, and ecological processes of freshwater organisms. This
 consistent architecture also makes stream networks useful for testing
 general models of population genetic structure and the scaling of gene
 flow. We examined genetic structure and gene flow in the facultatively
 paedomorphic Idaho giant salamander, Dicamptodon aterrimus, in stream
 networks of Idaho and Montana, USA. We used microsatellite data to test
 population structure models by (1) examining hierarchical partitioning of
 genetic variation in stream networks and (2) testing for genetic isolation
 by distance along stream corridors versus overland pathways. Replicated
 sampling of streams within catchments within three river basins revealed
 that hierarchical scale had strong effects on genetic structure and gene
 flow. AMOVA identified significant structure at all hierarchical scales
 (among streams, among catchments, among basins), but divergence among
 catchments had the greatest structural influence. Isolation by distance
 was detected within catchments, and in-stream distance was a strong
 predictor of genetic divergence. Patterns of genetic divergence suggest
 that differentiation among streams within catchments was driven by limited
 migration, consistent with a stream hierarchy model of population
 structure. However, there was no evidence of migration among catchments
 within basins, or among basins, indicating that gene flow only counters
 the effects of genetic drift at smaller scales (within rather than among
 catchments). These results show the strong influence of stream networks on
 population structure and genetic divergence of a salamander, with
 contrasting effects at different hierarchical scales.
description: Microsatellite genotypes
 of Idaho giant salamanders in stream networks of eastern Idaho and western
 MontanaIndividuals were sampled
 in 1st-order streams which were nested within catchments of confluent
 streams draining into a mainstem river. Catchments were nested within
 basins of three major rivers: the Lochsa (four catchments), the St. Joe
 (two catchments) and the St. Regis (two catchments). We collected 15
 individuals from three 1st-order streams within each catchment.
 Individuals were genotyped at 9 microsatellite loci.IGS_genotypes.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d34t730j
title: Data from: Strong asymmetry in the relative strengths of prezygotic and postzygotic barriers between two damselfly sister species

description: One of the longest debates in biology has been over the relative
 importance of different isolating barriers in speciation. However, for
 most species, there are few data evaluating their relative contributions
 and we can only speculate on the general roles of pre- and postzygotic
 isolation. Here we quantify the absolute and cumulative contribution of
 198 potential reproductive barriers between two sympatric damselfly sister
 species, Ischnura elegans and I. graellsii, including both premating
 (habitat, temporal, sexual and mechanical isolation) and postmating
 barriers (prezygotic: sperm insemination success and removal rate,
 oviposition success, fertility, fecundity; postzygotic: hybrid viability,
 hybrid sterility and hybrid breakdown). In sympatry, total reproductive
 isolation between I. elegans females and I. graellsii males was 95.2%,
 owing mostly to a premating mechanical incompatibility (93.4%), while
 other barriers were of little importance. Isolation between I. graellsii
 females and I. elegans males was also nearly complete (95.8%), which was
 caused by the cumulative action of multiple prezygotic (n=4, 75.4%) and
 postzygotic postmating barriers (n=5, 7.4%). Our results suggest that
 premating barriers are key factors in preventing gene flow between
 species, and that the relative strengths of premating barriers is highly
 asymmetrical between the reciprocal crosses.
description: dataData file includes: 1.
 species distribution, 2. coespecific and heterospecific matings observed
 in Xuño (Sympatric population), 3. heterospecifics attemps to
 tandem/tandem/matings observed in the laboratory between both parental
 species and hybrids, 4. fecundity and fertility in
 conspecific-heterospecific and hybrid matings, 5. Hybrid viaviblity
 meassured as the proportion of larvae emerged, 6. sexes
 proportions
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.34qf8
title: Data from: Is the continental life of the European eel Anguilla anguilla affected by the parasitic invader Anguillicoloides crassus?

description: Quantifying the fitness cost that parasites impose on wild hosts is a
 challenging task because the epidemiological history of field-sampled
 hosts is often unknown. In this study we used an internal marker of the
 parasite pressure on individual hosts to evaluate the costs of parasitism
 with respect to host body condition, size increase and reproductive
 potential of field-collected animals for which we also determined
 individual age. In our investigated system, the European eel Anguilla
 anguilla and the parasitic invader Anguillicoloides crassus, high
 virulence and severe impacts are expected because the host lacks an
 adaptive immune response. We demonstrated a nonlinear relationship between
 the severity of damage to the affected organ (i.e. the swimbladder, our
 internal marker) and parasite abundance and biomass, thus showing that the
 use of classical epidemiological parameters was not relevant here.
 Surprisingly, we found that the most severely affected eels (with damaged
 swimbladder) had greater body length and mass (+11% and +41%,
 respectively) than unaffected eels of same age. We discuss mechanisms that
 could explain this finding and other counter-intuitive results in this
 host–parasite system, and highlight the likely importance of host panmixia
 in generating great inter-individual variability in growth potential and
 infection risk. Under that scenario, the most active foragers would not
 only have the greatest size increase, but also the highest probability of
 becoming repeatedly infected –via trophic parasite transmission– during
 their continental life.
description: Dataset - Lefebvre et
 alRaw
 data