cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609752
title: Latent activity rhythm disturbance sub-groups and longitudinal change in depression symptoms among older men

description: Activity rhythm disturbances and depression often co-occur among older adults. However, little is known about how activity rhythm disturbances themselves co-occur, or how disturbances to multiple aspects of the activity rhythm relate to depression over time. In this study, we performed a Latent Class Analysis to derive sub-groups of older men [total <i>n</i> = 2933, mean age = 76.28, standard deviation (SD) = 5.48] who shared similar patterns of activity rhythm disturbances (defined as extreme values of modeled activity rhythm parameters). We found eight sub-groups with distinct combinations of activity rhythm disturbances: one had all normative activity rhythm parameters (32.09%), one had only lower activity (10.06%), three had earlier activity (totaling 26.96%) and three had later activity (totaling 30.89%). Groups with similar timing were distinguished depending on whether the relative length of the active period was shorter and/or if the activity rhythm had lesser amplitude/robustness. We next examined whether the derived activity rhythm sub-groups were associated with different rates of change in depression symptom levels over an average of 5.5 (0.52 SD) follow-up years. The sub-group with lower activity only had faster increases in depressive symptoms over time (compared with the group with normative rhythm parameters), but this association was accounted for by adjustments for concurrently assessed health status covariates. Independent of these covariates, we found that four activity rhythm disturbance sub-groups experienced faster depressive symptom increases (compared with the normative sub-group): These included all three sub-groups that had later activity timing and one sub-group that had earlier activity timing plus a shorter active period and a dampened rhythm. Low activity rhythm height/robustness with normal timing therefore may mark depression risk that is attributable to co-occurring disease processes; in contrast, having late or combined early/compressed/dampened activity rhythms may independently contribute to depression symptom development. Our findings suggest that activity rhythm-related depression risk is heterogeneous, and may be detected when multiple aspects of rhythm timing are delayed or when early timing is accompanied by compressed/dampened activity rhythms. Future studies should consider how distinct combinations of altered activity rhythm timing and height/robustness develop and conjointly determine health risks. Further research is also needed to determine whether/how activity rhythms can be modified to improve depression outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609752.v1
title: Latent activity rhythm disturbance sub-groups and longitudinal change in depression symptoms among older men

description: Activity rhythm disturbances and depression often co-occur among older adults. However, little is known about how activity rhythm disturbances themselves co-occur, or how disturbances to multiple aspects of the activity rhythm relate to depression over time. In this study, we performed a Latent Class Analysis to derive sub-groups of older men [total <i>n</i> = 2933, mean age = 76.28, standard deviation (SD) = 5.48] who shared similar patterns of activity rhythm disturbances (defined as extreme values of modeled activity rhythm parameters). We found eight sub-groups with distinct combinations of activity rhythm disturbances: one had all normative activity rhythm parameters (32.09%), one had only lower activity (10.06%), three had earlier activity (totaling 26.96%) and three had later activity (totaling 30.89%). Groups with similar timing were distinguished depending on whether the relative length of the active period was shorter and/or if the activity rhythm had lesser amplitude/robustness. We next examined whether the derived activity rhythm sub-groups were associated with different rates of change in depression symptom levels over an average of 5.5 (0.52 SD) follow-up years. The sub-group with lower activity only had faster increases in depressive symptoms over time (compared with the group with normative rhythm parameters), but this association was accounted for by adjustments for concurrently assessed health status covariates. Independent of these covariates, we found that four activity rhythm disturbance sub-groups experienced faster depressive symptom increases (compared with the normative sub-group): These included all three sub-groups that had later activity timing and one sub-group that had earlier activity timing plus a shorter active period and a dampened rhythm. Low activity rhythm height/robustness with normal timing therefore may mark depression risk that is attributable to co-occurring disease processes; in contrast, having late or combined early/compressed/dampened activity rhythms may independently contribute to depression symptom development. Our findings suggest that activity rhythm-related depression risk is heterogeneous, and may be detected when multiple aspects of rhythm timing are delayed or when early timing is accompanied by compressed/dampened activity rhythms. Future studies should consider how distinct combinations of altered activity rhythm timing and height/robustness develop and conjointly determine health risks. Further research is also needed to determine whether/how activity rhythms can be modified to improve depression outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609727
title: Turning Point_Chinese Scientist Survey

description: Nature Publishing Group (NPG), part of Springer Nature, released Turning Point: Chinese Science in Transition, a White Paper which takes the pulse of China’s scientific research at a critical time in its development. It is the first report of its kind to be undertaken in China by a global publisher, drawing on quantitative and qualitative data NPG has recently gathered through interviewing and surveying more than 1,700 leading Chinese researchers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609723
title: The impact of induced anxiety on affective response inhibition

description: Studying the effects of experimentally induced anxiety in healthy volunteers may increase our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning anxiety disorders. Experimentally induced stress (via threat of unpredictable shock) improves accuracy at withholding a response on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), and in separate studies improves accuracy to classify fearful faces, creating an affective bias. Integrating these findings, participants at two public science engagement events (N=46, N=55) were recruited to explore the effects of experimentally induced stress on an affective version of the SART. We hypothesised that we would see an improved accuracy at withholding a response to affectively congruent stimuli (i.e. increased accuracy at withholding a response to fearful ‘no-go’ distractors) under threat of shock. Induced anxiety slowed reaction time, and at the second event quicker responses were made to fearful stimuli. However, we did not observe improved inhibition overall during induced anxiety, and there was no evidence to suggest an interaction between induced anxiety and stimulus valence on response accuracy. Indeed Bayesian analysis provided decisive evidence against this hypothesis. We suggest that the presence of emotional stimuli might make the safe condition more anxiogenic, reducing the differential between conditions, and knocking out any threat-potentiated improvement. Prior to analysis, a log transform was applied to reaction time data as it was not normally distributed. Reaction time (RT) analysis was performed on ‘go’ stimuli only (as the only RTs on ‘no-go’ trials are error trials). Reaction time to ‘go’ stimuli was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). Accuracy analysis was performed on ‘no-go’ trials only (‘go’ accuracy was 95.2 % and 97.1% at the first and second event, respectively). Performance accuracy for each condition (threat/safe) and trial type (‘go’ / ‘no-go’) was calculated by dividing the number of correct trials by the total number of trials. Response accuracy on ‘no-go’ trials was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). For all analyses, <i>p </i>= 0.05, was considered significant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609723.v1
title: The impact of induced anxiety on affective response inhibition

description: Studying the effects of experimentally induced anxiety in healthy volunteers may increase our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning anxiety disorders. Prior work has shown that experimentally induced anxiety (via threat of unpredictable shock) improves accuracy at withholding a response on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), and in separate studies improves accuracy to classify fearful faces, creating an affective bias. Integrating these findings, in this study, 47 participants at a public science engagement event were recruited to explore the effects of experimentally induced anxiety on an affective version of the SART. On the basis of previous work, we hypothesised that we would see an increased accuracy at withholding a response to affectively congruent stimuli (i.e. increased accuracy at withholding a response to fearful “no-go” distractors under threat of shock). Response accuracy on “no-go” trials was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). Reaction time analysis was performed on “go” stimuli. Prior to analysis, a square root transform was applied to reaction time data as it was not normally distributed. Reaction time to targets (“go” stimuli) was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). Post hoc analyses were run to investigate the effect of STAI anxiety scores and blood alcohol concentration on performance. Pearson’s r correlations between symptom measures (STAI State and Trait scores, and blood alcohol concentration) and reaction time / accuracy data were run.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609723.v2
title: The impact of induced anxiety on affective response inhibition

description: Studying the effects of experimentally induced anxiety in healthy volunteers may increase our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning anxiety disorders. Prior work has shown that experimentally induced anxiety (via threat of unpredictable shock) improves accuracy at withholding a response on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), and in separate studies improves accuracy to classify fearful faces, creating an affective bias. Integrating these findings, in this study, 47 participants at a public science engagement event were recruited to explore the effects of experimentally induced anxiety on an affective version of the SART. On the basis of previous work, we hypothesised that we would see an increased accuracy at withholding a response to affectively congruent stimuli (i.e. increased accuracy at withholding a response to fearful “no-go” distractors under threat of shock). Response accuracy on “no-go” trials was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). Reaction time analysis was performed on “go” stimuli. Prior to analysis, a square root transform was applied to reaction time data as it was not normally distributed. Reaction time to targets (“go” stimuli) was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). Post hoc analyses were run to investigate the effect of STAI anxiety scores and blood alcohol concentration on performance. Pearson’s r correlations between symptom measures (STAI State and Trait scores, and blood alcohol concentration) and reaction time / accuracy data were run.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609723.v4
title: The impact of induced anxiety on affective response inhibition

description: Studying the effects of experimentally induced anxiety in healthy volunteers may increase our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning anxiety disorders. Experimentally induced stress (via threat of unpredictable shock) improves accuracy at withholding a response on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), and in separate studies improves accuracy to classify fearful faces, creating an affective bias. Integrating these findings, participants at two public science engagement events (N=46, N=55) were recruited to explore the effects of experimentally induced stress on an affective version of the SART. We hypothesised that we would see an improved accuracy at withholding a response to affectively congruent stimuli (i.e. increased accuracy at withholding a response to fearful ‘no-go’ distractors) under threat of shock. Induced anxiety slowed reaction time, and at the second event quicker responses were made to fearful stimuli. However, we did not observe improved inhibition overall during induced anxiety, and there was no evidence to suggest an interaction between induced anxiety and stimulus valence on response accuracy. Indeed Bayesian analysis provided decisive evidence against this hypothesis. We suggest that the presence of emotional stimuli might make the safe condition more anxiogenic, reducing the differential between conditions, and knocking out any threat-potentiated improvement. Prior to analysis, a log transform was applied to reaction time data as it was not normally distributed. Reaction time (RT) analysis was performed on ‘go’ stimuli only (as the only RTs on ‘no-go’ trials are error trials). Reaction time to ‘go’ stimuli was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). Accuracy analysis was performed on ‘no-go’ trials only (‘go’ accuracy was 95.2 % and 97.1% at the first and second event, respectively). Performance accuracy for each condition (threat/safe) and trial type (‘go’ / ‘no-go’) was calculated by dividing the number of correct trials by the total number of trials. Response accuracy on ‘no-go’ trials was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). For all analyses, <i>p </i>= 0.05, was considered significant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609723.v3
title: The impact of induced anxiety on affective response inhibition

description: Studying the effects of experimentally induced anxiety in healthy volunteers may increase our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning anxiety disorders. Prior work has shown that experimentally induced stress (via threat of unpredictable shock) improves accuracy at withholding a response on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART), and in separate studies improves accuracy to classify fearful faces, creating an affective bias. Integrating these findings, participants at two public science engagement events (N=46, N=55) were recruited to explore the effects of experimentally induced stress on an affective version of the SART. On the basis of previous work, we hypothesised that we would see an improved accuracy at withholding a response to affectively congruent stimuli (i.e. increased accuracy at withholding a response to fearful ‘no-go’ distractors) under threat of shock. Threat of shock slowed reaction time, and at the second event quicker responses were made to fearful stimuli. However, we did not observe improved inhibition overall during induced anxiety, and contrary to predictions there was no evidence to suggest an interaction between induced anxiety and stimulus valence on response accuracy. We suggest that the presence of emotional stimuli reduces the differential between threat of shock and safe conditions, and fewer accuracy effects are seen. Prior to analysis, a log transform was applied to reaction time data as it was not normally distributed. Reaction time (RT) analysis was performed on ‘go’ stimuli only (as the only RTs on ‘no-go’ trials are error trials). Reaction time to ‘go’ stimuli was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). Accuracy analysis was performed on ‘no-go’ trials only (‘go’ accuracy was 95.2 % and 97.1% at the first and second event, respectively). Performance accuracy for each condition (threat/safe) and trial type (‘go’ / ‘no-go’) was calculated by dividing the number of correct trials by the total number of trials. Response accuracy on ‘no-go’ trials was analysed using a two-way ANOVA with factors valence (happy / sad) and condition (threat / safe). For all analyses, <i>p </i>= 0.05, was considered significant. <br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609702
title: National, disciplinary and temporal variations in the extent to which articles with more authors have more impact: Evidence from a geometric field normalised citation indicator

description: Files associated with the paper Thelwall, M., & Sud, P. (in press). National, disciplinary and temporal variations in the extent to which articles with more authors have more impact: Evidence from a geometric field normalised citation indicator. Journal of Informetrics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609699
title: RNA-Seq profile of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine

description: Background The phytoplasma-borne disease flavescence dorée is still a threat to European viticulture, despite mandatory control measures and prophylaxis against the leafhopper vector. Given the economic importance of grapevine, it is essential to find alternative strategies to contain the spread, in order to possibly reduce the current use of harmful insecticides. Further studies of the pathogen, the vector and the mechanisms of phytoplasma-host interactions could improve our understanding of the disease. In this work, RNA-Seq technology followed by three de novo assembly strategies was used to provide the first comprehensive transcriptomics landscape of flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FD) infecting field-grown Vitis vinifera leaves. Results With an average of 8300 FD-mapped reads per library, we assembled 347 sequences, corresponding to 215 annotated genes, and identified 10 previously unannotated genes, 15 polycistronic transcripts and three genes supposedly localized in the gaps of the FD92 draft genome. Furthermore, we improved the annotation of 44 genes with the addition of 5′/3′ untranslated regions. Functional classification revealed that the most expressed genes were either related to translation and protein biosynthesis or hypothetical proteins with unknown function. Some of these hypothetical proteins were predicted to be secreted, so they could be bacterial effectors with a potential role in modulating the interaction with the host plant. Interestingly, qRT-PCR validation of the RNA-Seq expression values confirmed that a group II intron represented the FD genomic region with the highest expression during grapevine infection. This mobile element may contribute to the genomic plasticity that is necessary for the phytoplasma to increase its fitness and endorse host-adaptive strategies. Conclusions The RNA-Seq technology was successfully applied for the first time to analyse the FD global transcriptome profile during grapevine infection. Our results provided new insights into the transcriptional organization and gene structure of FD. This may represent the starting point for the application of high-throughput sequencing technologies to study differential expression in FD and in other phytoplasmas with an unprecedented resolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609702.v1
title: National, disciplinary and temporal variations in the extent to which articles with more authors have more impact: Evidence from a geometric field normalised citation indicator

description: Files associated with the paper Thelwall, M., & Sud, P. (in press). National, disciplinary and temporal variations in the extent to which articles with more authors have more impact: Evidence from a geometric field normalised citation indicator. Journal of Informetrics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609697
title: Gaussian Job Archive for C8H13ClN2O4

description: Archive of work produced using the resources of the Imperial College High Performance Computing Service.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609690
title: Environmental Light Exposure is Associated with Increased Body Mass in Children - Data Set and Data Dictionary

description: This data set is to support the paper entitled: <em>Environmental Light Exposure is Associated with Increased Body Mass in Children</em> in press at <em>PLOS One. </em>It is in xls format which includes a data dictionary and full variables used in the analyses. If there are any issues or questions please contact the Authors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609691
title: Cool Stars 19 Poster : The BASS-Ultracool Survey

description: This poster presents the status of the BASS-Ultracool survey that aims at detecting the T-type, planetary-mass members of young moving groups in the solar neighborhood. We present the first discovery from this survey; SDSS J1110+0116, a young T5.5 bona fide member of the AB Doradus moving group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609697.v1
title: Gaussian Job Archive for C8H13ClN2O4

description: Archive of work produced using the resources of the Imperial College High Performance Computing Service.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609690.v1
title: Environmental Light Exposure is Associated with Increased Body Mass in Children - Data Set and Data Dictionary

description: This data set is to support the paper entitled: <em>Environmental Light Exposure is Associated with Increased Body Mass in Children</em> in press at <em>PLOS One. </em>It is in xls format which includes a data dictionary and full variables used in the analyses. If there are any issues or questions please contact the Authors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1609699.v2
title: RNA-Seq profile of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine

description: Background The phytoplasma-borne disease flavescence dorée is still a threat to European viticulture, despite mandatory control measures and prophylaxis against the leafhopper vector. Given the economic importance of grapevine, it is essential to find alternative strategies to contain the spread, in order to possibly reduce the current use of harmful insecticides. Further studies of the pathogen, the vector and the mechanisms of phytoplasma-host interactions could improve our understanding of the disease. In this work, RNA-Seq technology followed by three de novo assembly strategies was used to provide the first comprehensive transcriptomics landscape of flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FD) infecting field-grown Vitis vinifera leaves. Results With an average of 8300 FD-mapped reads per library, we assembled 347 sequences, corresponding to 215 annotated genes, and identified 10 previously unannotated genes, 15 polycistronic transcripts and three genes supposedly localized in the gaps of the FD92 draft genome. Furthermore, we improved the annotation of 44 genes with the addition of 5′/3′ untranslated regions. Functional classification revealed that the most expressed genes were either related to translation and protein biosynthesis or hypothetical proteins with unknown function. Some of these hypothetical proteins were predicted to be secreted, so they could be bacterial effectors with a potential role in modulating the interaction with the host plant. Interestingly, qRT-PCR validation of the RNA-Seq expression values confirmed that a group II intron represented the FD genomic region with the highest expression during grapevine infection. This mobile element may contribute to the genomic plasticity that is necessary for the phytoplasma to increase its fitness and endorse host-adaptive strategies. Conclusions The RNA-Seq technology was successfully applied for the first time to analyse the FD global transcriptome profile during grapevine infection. Our results provided new insights into the transcriptional organization and gene structure of FD. This may represent the starting point for the application of high-throughput sequencing technologies to study differential expression in FD and in other phytoplasmas with an unprecedented resolution.