cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279466
title: Quality of Life of Medical Students: Are There Changes during Undergraduate Training?

description: Abstract: Introduction: The concept of health has been broadened beyond the absence of disease and now involves all aspects of an individual’s quality of life, including their perception of the living conditions, cultural context and value system under which they live. Method: The objective of this study was to analyze the quality of life of medical students at the State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas (UNCISAL), through the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. The BREF contains 26 questions, two of which are general about quality of life and health satisfaction, and 24 are divided into domains: physical, psychological, social relations and environment. Responses are scored from one to five, by degree of intensity. Once the raw data had been collected, mean scores and domains were calculated and converted on to a scale from 0 to 100. Results: Of the 188 students, 62.03% considered their quality of life good or very good, while 54.25% reported being neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their health. Furthermore, in the assessment of the domains none of the groups attained the “region of success”, with a statistically significant difference only in the physical domain (p = 0.02), in which an improvement in the scores over the course of the training is observed. First and second-year students were evaluated worse in the domains, showing that anxiety and expectation about undergraduate training can negatively affect quality of life. Regarding the domains, “sleep and rest” stands out as the worst evaluated issue, occupying the “region of failure”, followed by the question that evaluates the opportunity for leisure and recreation, probably due to the exhausting training also harming students’ physical, mental and emotional health. Regarding gender, women’s assessment was lower in all domains and general issues, with significant differences in the psychological domain (p = 0.04) and health satisfaction (p = 0.04). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop interventions capable of providing support to medical students, helping them to cope with the difficulties they will face during the course.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279461.v1
title: Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Training Program on Violence against Children and Adolescents

description: Abstract: Introduction: Assistance in health services is often the first possibility for the identification of cases of Violence Against Children and Teenagers (VACT). Therefore, the aim of this article was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program developed to enable students and health professionals to recognize and report cases of VACT. Additionally, we sought to verify at what level of training (undergraduate, postgraduate or working professional) such intervention would show the greatest effect. Method: This is a quasi-experimental study, of which design was based on the analysis of a non-equivalent Control Group (CG). The research included undergraduate medical students, postgraduate medical students attending pediatric residency and professionals working in health institutions. A total of 105 people participated, of which 89% were women. The participants were subsequently subdivided between the Experimental Group - EG (n = 60) and Control Group - CG (n = 45). A training program on the topic, consisting of 10 sessions (20h in total), was developed and applied with an EG. To assess the effectiveness of the intervention, a questionnaire was applied at previously determined periods (pre-test and post-test). The data were submitted to statistical analysis (descriptive analyses, t test and Tukey’s multiple comparison test), using the software R. Results: The post-test showed statistically significant changes in all dimensions evaluated with the EG, which proves that the intervention resulted in changes regarding the previous conceptions that the participants had about VACT. Additionally, when comparing the responses obtained in the questionnaires between the three EG groups (undergraduate, postgraduate students and working professionals), it was verified that there were no statistical differences between the groups, suggesting that educational programs have positive effects on all levels of training. Conclusions: This study showed that training programs can qualify the conception of students and health professionals, as well as help them feel more prepared to deal with the demands related to VACT. However, a collective effort is needed so that these contents are purposefully incorporated into the training process at all levels, from undergraduate school to continuing education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279464.v1
title: “My Dream Is To Be Understood”: an Analysis of the Doctor-Deaf Patient Interaction during Health Care

description: Abstract: Introduction: The deaf community represents a significant portion of the Brazilian population that faces numerous barriers in access to health care. Communication failures increase the chances of misdiagnosis, errors in medical records, embarrassment, non-adherence to treatment, suffering and user dissatisfaction. The study aimed to characterize health care for deaf people from the perspective of medical professionals, medical interns and the patients themselves, discussing the strategies developed in the dialogue and physician-patient interaction, and the tools for the improvement of medical practice. Method: An observational, descriptive study based on integrated content analysis. A sample of 181 participants divided into three groups: medical professionals (n=46), medical students from the fifth and sixth year (n=54) and deaf individuals (n=81). Two semi-structured instruments were used, one for doctors and interns and one for the deaf. Descriptive analysis of the quantitative variables was performed with percentage distributions for categorical variables and measure of central tendency and dispersion for numerical variables. The answers to the essay questions were organized into three groups of texts and the material was submitted to lexicographic analysis with the support of IRaMuTeQ software. Results: 76% of doctors and academics said they had already treated a patient with severe or partial deafness. Although 49% reported discomfort, but also feeling secure when treating deaf patients, 55.5% of the deaf said they had already stopped going to the doctor, or reporting any problems, such as pain, discomfort or anguish, for fear of not being understood. The participation of caregivers as mediators of the doctor-patient relationship was the most frequent communicational strategy pointed out by all participants. Other frequent strategies identified by the deaf interviewees were lip reading and LIBRAS; by the doctors, mime and writing; and by the interns, lip reading and writing; all of which are non-resolving strategies. Conclusions: The perceptions of the different actors of the doctor-patient interaction analyzed showed differences in satisfaction with the service and health risks for the deaf, lacking multimodal planning with effective communication strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279468
title: Burnout and Well-Being Levels of Medical Students: a Cross-Sectional Study

description: Abstract: Introduction: The presence of chronic stress, caused by the activities and demands of the medical course, can lead to what is called ‘burnout’, a syndrome characterized by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, dehumanization (or depersonalization) and reduced professional achievement. Considering the increased incidence of burnout syndrome, anxiety and depression symptoms, suicide attempts and suicide rates among medical students, as a consequence of increasing demands for professional and financial success at the expense of physical and mental health, one understands the importance of studying the subject and proposing measures of prevention and control. The aim of this study was to evaluate and describe the levels of burnout and well-being of medical students at a Brazilian public university. Method: The stress and well-being levels of students from the first to the sixth year for the Medical Course at Universidade Federal de São Paulo were evaluated using MBI-SS and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires, applied online on the REDCAP platform. Results: A total of 302 students completed the questionnaires. Regarding the MBI-SS, students showed a low value in the emotional exhaustion factor and high levels of professional disbelief and effectiveness, indicating a burnout that ranged from low to moderate. It was also observed that female students showed a greater tendency toward emotional exhaustion when compared to male ones, as well as the fact that students from the 1st and 2nd years showed higher values of professional effectiveness when compared with 3rd and 4th years, with no difference between genders. Based on the answers from WHOQUOL-BREF questionnaire, the students thought they had a good quality of life. Discussion: These results reinforce possible factors that might interfere with the students’ quality of life: excessive workload, teaching model based on extensive lectures, lack of stimulation, recognition for their efforts. Conclusion: The medical students evaluated in this study have a good quality of life and show low or moderate burnout levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279468.v1
title: Burnout and Well-Being Levels of Medical Students: a Cross-Sectional Study

description: Abstract: Introduction: The presence of chronic stress, caused by the activities and demands of the medical course, can lead to what is called ‘burnout’, a syndrome characterized by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, dehumanization (or depersonalization) and reduced professional achievement. Considering the increased incidence of burnout syndrome, anxiety and depression symptoms, suicide attempts and suicide rates among medical students, as a consequence of increasing demands for professional and financial success at the expense of physical and mental health, one understands the importance of studying the subject and proposing measures of prevention and control. The aim of this study was to evaluate and describe the levels of burnout and well-being of medical students at a Brazilian public university. Method: The stress and well-being levels of students from the first to the sixth year for the Medical Course at Universidade Federal de São Paulo were evaluated using MBI-SS and WHOQOL-BREF questionnaires, applied online on the REDCAP platform. Results: A total of 302 students completed the questionnaires. Regarding the MBI-SS, students showed a low value in the emotional exhaustion factor and high levels of professional disbelief and effectiveness, indicating a burnout that ranged from low to moderate. It was also observed that female students showed a greater tendency toward emotional exhaustion when compared to male ones, as well as the fact that students from the 1st and 2nd years showed higher values of professional effectiveness when compared with 3rd and 4th years, with no difference between genders. Based on the answers from WHOQUOL-BREF questionnaire, the students thought they had a good quality of life. Discussion: These results reinforce possible factors that might interfere with the students’ quality of life: excessive workload, teaching model based on extensive lectures, lack of stimulation, recognition for their efforts. Conclusion: The medical students evaluated in this study have a good quality of life and show low or moderate burnout levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279466.v1
title: Quality of Life of Medical Students: Are There Changes during Undergraduate Training?

description: Abstract: Introduction: The concept of health has been broadened beyond the absence of disease and now involves all aspects of an individual’s quality of life, including their perception of the living conditions, cultural context and value system under which they live. Method: The objective of this study was to analyze the quality of life of medical students at the State University of Health Sciences of Alagoas (UNCISAL), through the abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire. The BREF contains 26 questions, two of which are general about quality of life and health satisfaction, and 24 are divided into domains: physical, psychological, social relations and environment. Responses are scored from one to five, by degree of intensity. Once the raw data had been collected, mean scores and domains were calculated and converted on to a scale from 0 to 100. Results: Of the 188 students, 62.03% considered their quality of life good or very good, while 54.25% reported being neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, dissatisfied or very dissatisfied with their health. Furthermore, in the assessment of the domains none of the groups attained the “region of success”, with a statistically significant difference only in the physical domain (p = 0.02), in which an improvement in the scores over the course of the training is observed. First and second-year students were evaluated worse in the domains, showing that anxiety and expectation about undergraduate training can negatively affect quality of life. Regarding the domains, “sleep and rest” stands out as the worst evaluated issue, occupying the “region of failure”, followed by the question that evaluates the opportunity for leisure and recreation, probably due to the exhausting training also harming students’ physical, mental and emotional health. Regarding gender, women’s assessment was lower in all domains and general issues, with significant differences in the psychological domain (p = 0.04) and health satisfaction (p = 0.04). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop interventions capable of providing support to medical students, helping them to cope with the difficulties they will face during the course.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279471
title: Attitudes of Medical Students towards Suicidal Behavior and Associated Factors

description: Abstract: Introduction: To evaluate the self-confidence and knowledge of medical students when caring for patients at risk for suicide. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 310 medical students from the campus of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) in Natal, Brazil. Data was collected through the application of the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire (QuACS, Questionário de Atitudes Frente ao Comportamento Suicida) in association with a sociodemographic questionnaire. The Spearman and Mann-Whitney correlation tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Students closer to the end of the course and those who had practical experience with suicide showed less negative feelings, more sense of professional capacity and less condemnatory attitudes towards suicide. Students in the beginning of the course showed more negative feelings towards suicide. There was no statistically significant influence of gender, having a friend or family member who attempted suicide or past experience of suicidal thoughts on the results. Conclusion: The study strengthens the correlation between the implementation of practical experience and capacitation activities with less negative feelings and increased sense of professional capacity to deal with suicidal behavior.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279473
title: Feedback Challenges in the Formative Assessment of the Interinstitutional Program of Teaching-Service-Community Interaction: the Students’ Perspective

description: Abstract: Introduction: This present study assesses the use of the feedback mechanism in the formative assessment during medical training, considering this instrument is of great importance for this training stimulation, which is based on active teaching methodologies. The study aims to characterize the application of this tool and to identify possible failures in its application in the daily routine of the PINESC module in the Anhanguera University (Uniderp) medical course. Method: This is a quantitative, sectional research, including students from the first to the eighth semesters of the medical course, attending the PINESC longitudinal module. In the data collection, a questionnaire was used with questions related to the formative assessment performed by the preceptors, which is reported to the students according to the sample calculation. The feedback is the core activity of the formative assessment and allows the development of reflective and self-evaluation capacities and the development of skills. However, the use of feedback still faces barriers, mainly due to the difficulty of the evaluators in listing negative points and capabilities of the evaluated individuals. Result: In this study, some shortcomings and positive points were reported regarding the application process of this tool, listing and suggesting improvements for a better use of feedback and thus a more favorable academic achievement. Conclusion: In conclusion, as the basis of formative evaluation, the feedback still shows many weaknesses regarding its form and application.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279475.v1
title: Active Learning Methodologies: Challenges for Professors of Two Medical Schools in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

description: Abstract: Introduction: The 2014 curricular guidelines for medical courses in Brazil aim to train humanist, critic, reflexive and ethic general practitioners, able to work at different levels of health care, primarily based within the National Unified Health System scope. To achieve this goal, higher education institutions must adopt educational technologies such as active learning methodologies, which encourage students to seek and build their own knowledge. This study aims to identify and analyze the challenges faced by Public Health teachers from two medical courses in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil in the use of Active Learning Methodologies. Method: The study was conducted as a qualitative research with a comparative case study approach, and the subjects comprised teachers of the abovementioned discipline in both universities. The information was collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and semi-directed observation. The findings were assessed using thematic analysis and the questionnaire data were tabulated to assess its frequency. Result: The main findings were the understanding, on the part of the teachers, of the relevance of active methodologies in the teaching pedagogical processes, the difficulty of including them due to the lack of preparation, and the understanding of the need for the active teaching methodologies to guide the pedagogical project. Conclusion: It is concluded that the universities should be encouraged to build a continuing education project for the teaching staff in which these methodologies are assumed as the main point in the teaching practice, also contributing to reflect on the established training model, as well as to rethink the organization of the political pedagogical project of medical courses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279471.v1
title: Attitudes of Medical Students towards Suicidal Behavior and Associated Factors

description: Abstract: Introduction: To evaluate the self-confidence and knowledge of medical students when caring for patients at risk for suicide. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of 310 medical students from the campus of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) in Natal, Brazil. Data was collected through the application of the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire (QuACS, Questionário de Atitudes Frente ao Comportamento Suicida) in association with a sociodemographic questionnaire. The Spearman and Mann-Whitney correlation tests were used to analyze the data. Results: Students closer to the end of the course and those who had practical experience with suicide showed less negative feelings, more sense of professional capacity and less condemnatory attitudes towards suicide. Students in the beginning of the course showed more negative feelings towards suicide. There was no statistically significant influence of gender, having a friend or family member who attempted suicide or past experience of suicidal thoughts on the results. Conclusion: The study strengthens the correlation between the implementation of practical experience and capacitation activities with less negative feelings and increased sense of professional capacity to deal with suicidal behavior.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279474
title: The Use of Clinical PBL in Primary Care in Undergraduate Medical Schools

description: Abstract: Introduction: Problem-based learning (PBL) is a collaborative student-centered learning method for small groups, based on the mobilization of previous knowledge and on critical reasoning for problem solving. Although it has been used predominantly in the classroom, when applied in clinical studies, PBL can increase the intrinsic motivation and long-term knowledge retention. In addition, Clinical PBL represents a more effective option to learn from practice considering the students’ overload in clinical clerkships in the Unified Health System (UHS). This study aimed to assess the students’ perception of a Clinical PBL model implemented in Primary Health Care (PHC) clerkships during the first four years of the Medical Course at the University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP) in 2017. Method: The primary outcome was assessed by the DREEM (Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure) tool, which contains 50 items distributed in five dimensions. The questionnaire was applied to 374 medical students, corresponding to 78% of the total number of medical students from the first to the fourth year. Results: For most of the evaluated items, the students’ perceptions were “positive”, including the dimensions “Perception of Teachers”, “Perception of Academic Results” and “Perception of the General Environment”. For the dimensions “Perception of Learning” and “Perception of Social Relationships” the evaluation was “more positive than negative”. The DREEM total score was 124.31, corresponding to 62.15% of the maximum score, which indicates a perception that is “more positive than negative” regarding the Clinical PBL. The internal consistency given by Cronbach’s alpha was 0.92. Conclusion: The use of Clinical PBL in PHC qualifies learning from practice, is well accepted by medical students and offers a useful option to the students’ overload in the clinical clerkship during the first four years of the Medical School.