cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017949.v1
title: Morphophysiological aspects of ornamental sunflowers cultivated in different growing seasons under semi-arid conditions

description: ABSTRACT Knowledge of how climatic conditions affect plant morphophysiology is essential for understanding how to manage the growth cycles of different crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the growing seasons in a semi-arid area on the morphophysiological variables of ornamental sunflower plants. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a split-plot arrangement with four replicates. Six cultivars (‘Bonito de Outono Sortido’, ‘Sol Noturno’, ‘Sol Vermelho’, ‘Jardim Amarelo Alto’, ‘Girassol F1 Sunbright Supreme’ and ‘Girassol F1 Vincents Choice’) were evaluated in the main plots and two different growing seasons (GS) in the subplots (GS1 - warm climate and GS2 - mild climate). Evaluations of gas exchange, chlorophyll indices, and leaf surface area were carried out at the reproductive stage (R5.5). The cultivation of ornamental sunflowers in semi-arid regions was significantly affected by the growing season. Changes in gas exchange variables and the morphophysiology of ornamental sunflower plants in the two growing seasons reflected the high phenotypic plasticity characteristic of this species. The cultivation of ornamental sunflowers under semi-arid conditions in the growing season, when air temperature and solar radiation are high, could be limited due to elevated transpiration rates. Therefore, it is recommended that they are grown mainly during the moderate climatic season in semi-arid regions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017952
title: Water salinity and air temperature on quail production and organ characteristics

description: ABSTRACT The supply of salt water in the semiarid region is a recurrent practice, as there is a severe shortage of water for use in animal consumption. Thus, most of the times the water offered to the birds can contain salts above the recommended amount. The present study aimed to evaluate the production performance and morphometry of the organs of Japanese quails as they were supplied with drinking water with different concentrations of sodium chloride, while being maintained in comfort and under thermal stress. The birds received water with increasing electrical conductivity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1) and were kept in a climate chamber at thermoneutral air temperature (24 °C) and under thermal stress (32 °C), being distributed in a completely randomized design and 2 × 4 factorial scheme. Water electrical conductivities did not affect the performance of the birds, except for the weight of the gizzard, which showed an increasing linear effect as the electrical conductivities increased. At the stress temperature, there was reduction in feed intake, egg weight and mass, and in feed conversion per dozen eggs, but with no effect on the weights of the heart, liver and gizzard. Japanese quails in the production phase can consume water with electrical conductivity of up to 6.0 dS m-1, showing good production performance and without compromising organ morphometry.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017952.v1
title: Water salinity and air temperature on quail production and organ characteristics

description: ABSTRACT The supply of salt water in the semiarid region is a recurrent practice, as there is a severe shortage of water for use in animal consumption. Thus, most of the times the water offered to the birds can contain salts above the recommended amount. The present study aimed to evaluate the production performance and morphometry of the organs of Japanese quails as they were supplied with drinking water with different concentrations of sodium chloride, while being maintained in comfort and under thermal stress. The birds received water with increasing electrical conductivity (1.5, 3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 dS m-1) and were kept in a climate chamber at thermoneutral air temperature (24 °C) and under thermal stress (32 °C), being distributed in a completely randomized design and 2 × 4 factorial scheme. Water electrical conductivities did not affect the performance of the birds, except for the weight of the gizzard, which showed an increasing linear effect as the electrical conductivities increased. At the stress temperature, there was reduction in feed intake, egg weight and mass, and in feed conversion per dozen eggs, but with no effect on the weights of the heart, liver and gizzard. Japanese quails in the production phase can consume water with electrical conductivity of up to 6.0 dS m-1, showing good production performance and without compromising organ morphometry.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017951
title: Organomineral fertilizer as an alternative for increasing potato yield and quality

description: ABSTRACT Organomineral fertilizer has great potential to replace synthetic fertilizers. The goal of this study was to determine an optimal substitution rate of organomineral fertilizer for mineral fertilizer to increase potato yield and quality. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates and six treatments, namely four substitution rates of organomineral fertilizer application (25, 50, 75, and 100% of mineral fertilizer demand), one rate of mineral fertilizer application (100% of mineral fertilizer demand), and the control (no fertilizer application). The organomineral application rates were tested as an alternative to substitute 25 to 100% of mineral fertilizer. The potato yield (total and in-class) and quality and plant and soil nutrient contents were monitored. The pH and total soluble solid contents had positive correlations with yield. Potatoes accumulated higher contents of K &gt; N &gt; P in the leaves, stems, and tubers. The organomineral fertilizer application rate of 3.7 t ha-1 (equivalent to 100% of mineral fertilizer demand) was the optimal rate to increase potato yield and quality. Organomineral fertilizer is a viable alternative to increase potato quality and yield and to increase plant and soil nutrient contents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017951.v1
title: Organomineral fertilizer as an alternative for increasing potato yield and quality

description: ABSTRACT Organomineral fertilizer has great potential to replace synthetic fertilizers. The goal of this study was to determine an optimal substitution rate of organomineral fertilizer for mineral fertilizer to increase potato yield and quality. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replicates and six treatments, namely four substitution rates of organomineral fertilizer application (25, 50, 75, and 100% of mineral fertilizer demand), one rate of mineral fertilizer application (100% of mineral fertilizer demand), and the control (no fertilizer application). The organomineral application rates were tested as an alternative to substitute 25 to 100% of mineral fertilizer. The potato yield (total and in-class) and quality and plant and soil nutrient contents were monitored. The pH and total soluble solid contents had positive correlations with yield. Potatoes accumulated higher contents of K &gt; N &gt; P in the leaves, stems, and tubers. The organomineral fertilizer application rate of 3.7 t ha-1 (equivalent to 100% of mineral fertilizer demand) was the optimal rate to increase potato yield and quality. Organomineral fertilizer is a viable alternative to increase potato quality and yield and to increase plant and soil nutrient contents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017954
title: Selection indexes and economic weights applied to runner-peanut breeding

description: ABSTRACT Runner peanuts are known for their high pod yields, but are late to flowering and pod maturation, and the optimal combination of these traits with pod yield is widely desired for peanut improvement. Selection indexes are useful tools for crop breeding. In this study, seven selection indexes combined with economic weights were used in a peanut population to estimate the superior and balanced genetic gains. Eleven runner genotypes were grown in three environments in the Northeast region of Brazil under a randomized block design with five replicates. The following indices were used: Smith and Hazel, Pesek and Baker, Williams, Elston, Subandi, Cruz, and Mulamba & Mock, in combination with the following economic weights: weight 1 for all evaluated traits, primary and secondary traits, genetic variation coefficient, genetic standard deviation, and b coefficient, obtained via multivariate regression. Although the population is genetically uniform, statistical differences were found, indicating sufficient genetic variability to generate selection progress. The combinations involving earliness traits were not satisfactory for production gains. The index based on the Mulamba & Mock rankings combined with weight 1 for all traits proved the optimal combination, as indicated by the most balanced gains. The cultivars Florunner, Cavalo, LGoPE-06, and LViPE-06 are promising germplasm for ensuring satisfactory selection gains based on production means and high heritability of the most evaluated traits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017954.v1
title: Selection indexes and economic weights applied to runner-peanut breeding

description: ABSTRACT Runner peanuts are known for their high pod yields, but are late to flowering and pod maturation, and the optimal combination of these traits with pod yield is widely desired for peanut improvement. Selection indexes are useful tools for crop breeding. In this study, seven selection indexes combined with economic weights were used in a peanut population to estimate the superior and balanced genetic gains. Eleven runner genotypes were grown in three environments in the Northeast region of Brazil under a randomized block design with five replicates. The following indices were used: Smith and Hazel, Pesek and Baker, Williams, Elston, Subandi, Cruz, and Mulamba & Mock, in combination with the following economic weights: weight 1 for all evaluated traits, primary and secondary traits, genetic variation coefficient, genetic standard deviation, and b coefficient, obtained via multivariate regression. Although the population is genetically uniform, statistical differences were found, indicating sufficient genetic variability to generate selection progress. The combinations involving earliness traits were not satisfactory for production gains. The index based on the Mulamba & Mock rankings combined with weight 1 for all traits proved the optimal combination, as indicated by the most balanced gains. The cultivars Florunner, Cavalo, LGoPE-06, and LViPE-06 are promising germplasm for ensuring satisfactory selection gains based on production means and high heritability of the most evaluated traits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017955
title: Dirt on photovoltaic modules and efficient energy generation in the Brazilian semiarid

description: ABSTRACT A photovoltaic electrical energy system is one of the least aggressive ways to affect the environment. Factors such as dirt influence the efficiency of these systems and can have a considerable impact in low rainfall regions, such as the Brazilian semiarid. In this respect, the aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of dirt on the efficiency of electricity generation in photovoltaic modules installed in the Brazilian semiarid. To that end, the output power of a periodically cleaned module was compared with a naturally dirty module; in addition, the percentage output power, dirt deposition density and relationship between these variables were estimated. The study was carried out at the University of Pernambuco, in the city of Petrolina, PE, Brazil, during dry and rainy periods. Data were collected via a data acquisition system and dirt using glass slides. The results indicate that more than 15 days without rain significantly reduces the efficiency of photovoltaic modules installed in semiarid areas, reaching an 18.72% decrease in output power after 70 days.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017955.v1
title: Dirt on photovoltaic modules and efficient energy generation in the Brazilian semiarid

description: ABSTRACT A photovoltaic electrical energy system is one of the least aggressive ways to affect the environment. Factors such as dirt influence the efficiency of these systems and can have a considerable impact in low rainfall regions, such as the Brazilian semiarid. In this respect, the aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of dirt on the efficiency of electricity generation in photovoltaic modules installed in the Brazilian semiarid. To that end, the output power of a periodically cleaned module was compared with a naturally dirty module; in addition, the percentage output power, dirt deposition density and relationship between these variables were estimated. The study was carried out at the University of Pernambuco, in the city of Petrolina, PE, Brazil, during dry and rainy periods. Data were collected via a data acquisition system and dirt using glass slides. The results indicate that more than 15 days without rain significantly reduces the efficiency of photovoltaic modules installed in semiarid areas, reaching an 18.72% decrease in output power after 70 days.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017960
title: Vinasse improves soil quality and increases the yields of soybean, maize, and pasture

description: ABSTRACT Vinasse can be a suitable alternative to improve soil attributes and increase crop yield. This study evaluated the effect of fresh and concentrated vinasse on soil chemical and biological attributes and on the yields of soybean, maize, and pasture. The design was in randomized blocks with four replications and five treatments: T1 (250 kg ha-1 08:28:16 at sowing + 40 kg ha-1 K2O at topdressing); T2 (250 kg ha-1 08:28:16 at sowing + 2450 L ha-1 of fresh vinasse at topdressing); T3 (250 kg ha-1 08:28:16 at sowing + 190 L ha-1 of concentrated vinasse at topdressing); T4 (4100 and 2450 L ha-1 of fresh vinasse at sowing and topdressing, respectively); T5 (315 and 190 L ha-1 of concentrated vinasse at sowing and topdressing, respectively). These treatments were applied during the soybean growth in 2017 and 2018. After soybean harvesting and before maize and pasture in 2018, soil chemical and biological attributes were assessed. Vinasse increased the concentrations of carbon and phosphorus, while decreasing those of potassium and sulfur. Vinasse reduced the carbon concentration of the microbial biomass by 50%, but increased the nitrogen concentration of the microbial biomass by 67%. The activity of dehydrogenase was higher with the application of fresh vinasse. Application of vinasse for two years improves soil chemical and biological attributes and increases the yields of soybean, maize, and pasture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017960.v1
title: Vinasse improves soil quality and increases the yields of soybean, maize, and pasture

description: ABSTRACT Vinasse can be a suitable alternative to improve soil attributes and increase crop yield. This study evaluated the effect of fresh and concentrated vinasse on soil chemical and biological attributes and on the yields of soybean, maize, and pasture. The design was in randomized blocks with four replications and five treatments: T1 (250 kg ha-1 08:28:16 at sowing + 40 kg ha-1 K2O at topdressing); T2 (250 kg ha-1 08:28:16 at sowing + 2450 L ha-1 of fresh vinasse at topdressing); T3 (250 kg ha-1 08:28:16 at sowing + 190 L ha-1 of concentrated vinasse at topdressing); T4 (4100 and 2450 L ha-1 of fresh vinasse at sowing and topdressing, respectively); T5 (315 and 190 L ha-1 of concentrated vinasse at sowing and topdressing, respectively). These treatments were applied during the soybean growth in 2017 and 2018. After soybean harvesting and before maize and pasture in 2018, soil chemical and biological attributes were assessed. Vinasse increased the concentrations of carbon and phosphorus, while decreasing those of potassium and sulfur. Vinasse reduced the carbon concentration of the microbial biomass by 50%, but increased the nitrogen concentration of the microbial biomass by 67%. The activity of dehydrogenase was higher with the application of fresh vinasse. Application of vinasse for two years improves soil chemical and biological attributes and increases the yields of soybean, maize, and pasture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017961
title: Yam tubers yield and quality subjected to nitrogen doses and staking methods

description: ABSTRACT Adequate mineral fertilization and staking are necessary to obtain good productivity in yam cultivation. The objective of this study was to determine the increase in yield and quality of yams subjected to nitrogen doses and staking methods. This study was carried out under field conditions using a randomized block design in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, with five nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and three staking methods (wire trellises, single staking, and without staking) with four replicates. Nitrogen doses were applied in topdressing, and split into equal parts at 60 and 90 days after seed tuber planting. Tuber length and weight, starch and leaf nitrogen concentrations, and total and marketable yields were determined. Staking promoted higher total yield, mass, length, and leaf nitrogen concentration, but no changes were observed in starch concentration among the staking methods. Commercial productivity was higher with single staking. Planting yam with staking and a nitrogen dose of 120.70 kg ha-1 is recommended to promote maximum productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017961.v1
title: Yam tubers yield and quality subjected to nitrogen doses and staking methods

description: ABSTRACT Adequate mineral fertilization and staking are necessary to obtain good productivity in yam cultivation. The objective of this study was to determine the increase in yield and quality of yams subjected to nitrogen doses and staking methods. This study was carried out under field conditions using a randomized block design in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, with five nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and three staking methods (wire trellises, single staking, and without staking) with four replicates. Nitrogen doses were applied in topdressing, and split into equal parts at 60 and 90 days after seed tuber planting. Tuber length and weight, starch and leaf nitrogen concentrations, and total and marketable yields were determined. Staking promoted higher total yield, mass, length, and leaf nitrogen concentration, but no changes were observed in starch concentration among the staking methods. Commercial productivity was higher with single staking. Planting yam with staking and a nitrogen dose of 120.70 kg ha-1 is recommended to promote maximum productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017963.v1
title: Potential risks of climate variability on rice cultivation regions in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

description: ABSTRACT In recent decades, the rice cultivation regions in the Mekong Delta have continuously suffered from unprecedented weather events due to a decline in rainfall as part of climate variability. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive exploration of the rainfall characteristics across the area, applying the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), Spearman Rho test and Sen slope estimator to help track the weather as well as provide warnings on the potential risks caused by alterations in rainfall amounts. For this goal, the rainfall data sequences at 14 national observation stations across the Mekong Delta were collected for the 1984 - 2019 period. Results indicated that the dry weather seasons occurred more frequently during the normally wet weather seasons. Four typical dry weather seasons were identified for the 1997 - 1998, 2002 - 2004, 2014 - 2016, and 2018 - 2019 periods. Among these, the 2014 - 2016 period was the driest, with 9 out of 12 stations in the area being extremely dry and RAI risk peaks as high as -4.86 at the Moc Hoa station in the province of Long An. A weather trend of decreasing rainfall was evident, mainly in the coastal sub-regions. The discovery of changing rainfall trends is valuable for predicting future climate variability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017963
title: Potential risks of climate variability on rice cultivation regions in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam

description: ABSTRACT In recent decades, the rice cultivation regions in the Mekong Delta have continuously suffered from unprecedented weather events due to a decline in rainfall as part of climate variability. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive exploration of the rainfall characteristics across the area, applying the Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), Spearman Rho test and Sen slope estimator to help track the weather as well as provide warnings on the potential risks caused by alterations in rainfall amounts. For this goal, the rainfall data sequences at 14 national observation stations across the Mekong Delta were collected for the 1984 - 2019 period. Results indicated that the dry weather seasons occurred more frequently during the normally wet weather seasons. Four typical dry weather seasons were identified for the 1997 - 1998, 2002 - 2004, 2014 - 2016, and 2018 - 2019 periods. Among these, the 2014 - 2016 period was the driest, with 9 out of 12 stations in the area being extremely dry and RAI risk peaks as high as -4.86 at the Moc Hoa station in the province of Long An. A weather trend of decreasing rainfall was evident, mainly in the coastal sub-regions. The discovery of changing rainfall trends is valuable for predicting future climate variability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20017964
title: Energy performance of farm tractor with single radial versus dual diagonal wheels in harrowing operations

description: ABSTRACT The farm tractor wheel interacts directly with the soil, affecting its energy and operational performance. Several works study the particularities between configurations of wheelset seeking to interpret the most efficient type and arrangement of the wheelset. However, there is still a demand for studies that elucidate decision-making regarding changing the type of wheelset or improving the pre-existing arrangement. The experiment aimed to evaluate the energy performance of farm tractors equipped with Single radial and Dual diagonal wheels in rear axle in intermediate harrowing operation. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design. Two-wheel arrangements (Single radial and Dual diagonal) were used in the blocks, and four target velocities (4, 6, 8, and 10 km h-1), with four replicates in the subblocks, totalizing 32 experimental units. Slip of wheels, engine rotation, hourly and specific fuel consumption, force, power, and efficiency in the drawbar, operational velocity, and engine thermal efficiency were monitored. The data collected were submitted to analysis of variance and, when significant, to the Tukey test and regression analysis. The Single radial tires provided an increase in velocity and drawbar force without increasing fuel consumption, consequently providing an increase in energy and operating performance in intermediate harrowing operation.