cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.904
title: Dark energy and stabilization of the universe in extra dimensional model

description: According to the observations of Type-Ia Supernovae, the expansion of the universe is accelerating in the late-time epoch. We call the energy form which causes the accelerated expansion of the universe a dark energy. On the other hand, there is motivation from the string theory that our spacetime has had some extra directions more than three spatial dimensions in space. If spacetime has some extra dimensions in addition to the 4-dimensions that we perceive, they should be compactified and hidden from us and there must be some mechanism to stabilize them, otherwise we would have observed them in the experiments. In 2007, Greene and Levin proposed that the Casimir energy of certain combinations of massless and massive bulk fields can give a stabilizing potential for the moduli fields while driving the accelerated expansion in the 3-large spatial direction. This is the hallmark behaviour of the vacuum dark energy. In this thesis we investigate the effect of a space-like Lorentz-violating aether field with a fixed expectation value along the extra dimensional directions on the moduli stabilization mechanism. We found that the aether field can slow down the oscillations of the shape moduli fields in the universe although the non-relativistic matter is dominating.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.905
title: Serological study and genetic characterization of swine influenza virus in four high pig density provinces in Thailand between 2006-2009

description: Swine influenza is an acute respiratory disease in pigs caused by type A influenza viruses. Swine influenza virus (SIV) infection causes acute respiratory syndrome leading to economic loss. Moreover, swine may act as a ‘Mixing vessel’ and transmit a reassorted virus back to humans or vice versa similar to the pandemic influenza 2009. Importantly, both virological and serological investigation of influenza A virus in pigs will provide a better understanding of the epidemiology, epidemic prediction and vaccine development leading to effective control and prevention of the disease in both swine and humans. Genetic characterization of Thai SIV subtype H1N1 and H1N2 during 2005-2010 were evaluated and found that at least 2 clusters were identified in each subtype. Then, the antigenic property was evaluated using hyper-immune rabbit sera as positive controls tested by HI. Later, serology study of H1 and H3 Thai SIV using swine serum in the top 4 pig density provinces in 2008-2009 in Thailand demonstrating that over 50% had seropositive to H1 and H3. Moreover, pig-to-human transmission was demonstrated on Thai swine farms and swine exposed population had over 40 times likely being infected by SIV. Finally, co-circulation of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 and seasonal swine H1N1 viruses were found in a commercial pig farm. The result showed increase SIV circulation containing genetic variation with a mix combination of the North American and European lineages.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.906
title: Chemical constituents and biological activities from the roots of morinda pandurifolia kuntze and morinda coreia ham

description: The investigation for chemical constituents and their biological activities from CH₂Cl₂, EtOAc and n-BuOH crude extracts of the roots of Morinda pandurifolia Kuntze led to the isolation of one synthetically known anthraquinone; flavopurpurin (77), along with ten known anthraquinones; nordamnacanthal (16), damnacanthal (17), lucidin-ѡ-ethyl ether (18), phomarin (73), lucidin(74), lucidin-ѡ-ethyl ether (75), anthragallol-2,3-dimethyl ether (76), 1-methoxy-2-methyl anthraquinone (78), 3-hydroxy-1-methoxy-2-methoxymethyl anthraquinone (79), anthragallol (80) and two known iridoid glycosides; asperulosidic acid (43), deacetyl asperulosidic acid (44). This is the first report on phytochemical investigation and biological activities of this plant. Chromatographic separation of CH₂Cl₂ and MeOH crude extracts of the roots of Morinda coreia Ham led to the isolation of two synthetically known anthraquinones; 1,3,8-trihydroxy-2-methoxy-7-methyl anthraquinone (81) and 1-hydroxy-5,6-dimethoxy-2-methyl anthraquinone (82), a known anthraquinone glycoside; 1,3-dihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl anthraquinone 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (lucidin-3-O-β-glucoside, 83), and five known anthraquinones; nordamnacanthal (16), damnacanthal (17), phomarin (73), 1-methoxy-2-methyl anthraquinone (78) and anthragallol (80). The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated by physical properties and spectroscopic methods as well as comparison with previous literature data. All of isolated compounds (16-18, 43-44 and 73-83) were also evaluated for their cytotoxicity against KB and HeLa cell lines. Compounds 16, 17 and 73 showed moderate cytotoxicity against KB cells with IC₅₀ values in the range of 5.99-7.67 μg/mL, and compounds 75, 77, 78 and 80 showed weak cytotoxicity against KB cells with IC₅₀ values in the range of 12.06-21.05 μg/mL. Compounds 16, 17, 73 and 77 showed weak cytotoxicity against HeLa cells with IC₅₀ values in the range of 12.26-16.65 μg/mL. In addition, compounds 18, 43, 44, 74, 76, 79 and 81-83 were inactive to both cell lines.This is also the first report giving a complete structural assignment for two synthetically known compounds 77 and 81.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.907
title: Development of real-time traffic state and travel time estimation for travel time predicton

description: In the state of practice, traffic operators require dynamic traffic information in order to make decision to choose the suitable traffic operational plan that could mobilize traffic safer and with less travel delay. Data from conventional point detection system is widely available for determining travel time. Nonetheless, the penetration of detector stations is directly correlated to the accuracy of estimated link travel time. The theoretical as well as practical challenge is the improvement of accuracy of estimated travel time using available or lower level of data from point detection system. This study aimed to propose on-line microsimulation integrated Unscented Kalman Filter for traffic state and travel time estimation to be an alternated method for estimating link travel time on expressway which the developed microsimulation model was calibrated using genetic algorithm. Estimated travel time was further conducted to predict short-term travel time which uncomplicated and easily to implement were evaluated. Predicted travel time is benefit for traveler and traffic operator. The result from the study was shown that the proposed method is able to represent travel time on both uncongested and congested traffic conditions.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.908
title: The Comparative study of the effects of crude extract from mao soi (antidesma acidum), bioflavonoid and alpha-tocopherol on oxidative stress in cats with chronic kidney disease

description: To compare the effects of crude extract from Antidesma acidum, bioflavonoid and α-tocopherol on oxidative stress in cats with naturally occurring CKD. Thirty-four cats presented to the Small Animal Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University were studied. They were assigned into four groups: the clinically normal (n = 16) and the CKD cats (n = 18) with increase level of creatinine concentrations (2.8-5.0 mg/dl) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (&gt;35 mg/dl). The CKD cats were randomly divided into three subgroups including cats received Antidesma acidum 120 mg/kg orally once a day (n = 6), bioflavonoid 10 mg/cat orally once a day (n = 5) and α-tocopherol 800 IU/cat orally once a day (n = 7). Blood collection were performed to measure complete blood count, blood chemistry and the assays of oxidative stress parameter including glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) on day 0 for the clinically normal cats and on day 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 for the CKD cats. The cats with CKD had significantly increased levels of oxidative stress parameter in plasma than the clinically normal cats. The crude extract from Antidesma acidum had significantly decreased the creatinine levels and increased GPx levels in cats with CKD on day 56, but increased GSSG levels more than oral bioflavonoid and α-tocopherol on day 42. Whereas the bioflavonoid had significantly increased GSH/GSSG ratio on day 14 and did not decrease creatinine levels. Further research is needed to study the exact mechanism of how Antidesma acidum decreased creatinine levels in the CKD cats.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.909
title: Semi-quantitative detection of RAGE cDNA by electrochemical biosensor using HOECHST 33258

description: Electrochemical biosensor has been applied for detection of gene expression of β-actin and RAGE genes. Using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), β-actin expression in HeLa cell line and RAGE gene expression in HepG2 cell line were detected from the anodic current peak and the results were compared with the conventional agarose gel electrophoresis method. In brief, mRNA was reversed to cDNA and amplified by PCR, the PCR products was subjected to detection either by the electrophoresis or electrochemical biosensor methods. Precision of the biosensor technique was acceptable (β-actin: CV= 1.88% for 10⁴ copies and 4.68 % for 10⁹ copies; RAGE: CV = 2.25% for 10⁹ copies, and 3.74% for 10 copies). In biosensor technique, the PCR products were measured in the same run with various concentrations of standard, and copy number of β-actin gene was interpolated from standard curve. Copy number of β-actin gene was then compared between the two techniques. At 95% confidence limit, the two methods had no significant difference and had significant correlation (y = - 40383.0623 + 1.0233 x; p&gt;0.10). Biosensor method was more sensitive than the conventional electrophoresis method because it could detect RAGE gene as low as 10 copies while the conventional method could detect visually at over 10⁴ copies and the linearity for semi-quantitative measurement started from 10⁶-10⁹ copies. When the electrochemical biosensor was applied to detect RAGE gene expression, we found that RAGE gene was expressed twice more in HeLa than HepG2 (relative value of 0.000905 vs. 0.0004670).
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.910
title: The effect of hydrotherapy and land-based rehabilitation program combined with ankle taping on ankle functional ability and the number of re-injury in athletes with chronic ankle instability

description: To examine the effect of the 6 week functional rehabilitation program on ankle functional ability, the number of ankle re-injury, postural sway, ankle joint position sense and health status. Fifty athletes with chronic ankle instability and residual symptoms were randomized into the hydrotherapy or land-based group. Data were collected at baseline, posttest and 3-month follow up. There were 47 participants who completed the protocol. Results indicated differences between groups only in ankle joint position sense at 30 degrees of plantar flexion. In the hydrotherapy group, time taken in the single-limb hopping test significantly decreased immediately after exercise and at the follow up compared to baseline (p&lt;0.05). The SF-36 questionnaire also improved in physical functioning and bodily pain scale at the follow up (p&lt;0.05). In the land-based group, time taken in the single-limb hopping test significantly decreased at 3-month follow up compared to baseline (p&lt;0.05). Ankle joint position sense also improved at 15 degrees of inversion and 30 degrees of plantar flexion (p&lt;0.05). The rehabilitation program of ankle taping, land-based exercise and hydrotherapy could be recommended for clinical use in athletes with chronic ankle instability.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.911
title: Financial synergy in merger between related companies

description: To examine the existence of financial synergies in related merger. The study examines changes in systematic risk, residual risk, total risk, leverage ratio, and earnings volatilities due to merger activities in both related mergers and conglomerate mergers in order to compare and investigate the existence of financial synergy. The study also examines these variables as explanatory variables with the market reaction during merger announcement period (total return as a dependent variable) to capture the shareholder wealth effect by changes in our explanatory variables that represent financial synergy. The sample covers all quoted acquisitions over a 20 years period using a sample of 791 companies. The results are inconsistent with the literature that supports only conglomerate mergers that can achieve financial synergy. Even though the study finds significant changes in the variables that represent financial synergy in related mergers, but market does react significantly positively to only unsystematic risk reduction. The results provide an empirical evidence to assert that conglomerate merger is not the only type of merger that can achieve financial synergy.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.912
title: A meta-program and machine learning approach for detecting object-oriented software design flaws

description: Design flaws are used as a mean to identify problematic classes in object oriented software systems which directly decrease software quality, such as maintainability. Therefore such design flaws must be identified to avoid their possible negative consequences on development and maintenance of software systems. However, in recent practice, techniques and methodologies of design flaw detection can solve only some points especially in performance and efficiency of the detection. The software inspection technique is introduced to deal with design flaw problems. It, however, leads to some different issues such as time consumption. An additional proposed automated technique is software metrics. The strategies of this technique capture deviations from good design principles and heuristics by threshold values. Thus effective identifying depends on optimized threshold which is a difficult task. This dissertation proposes a new detection methodology for object-oriented software system by using declarative meta programming and explanation-based learning technique. In the proposed approach, declarative meta-programming is used to represent specific object-oriented elements and their relations in form of logic rules in meta level for describing design flaws. Explanation-based learning is used for extrapolating pattern by deductive learning for some characteristics of design flaws that are difficult to understand. The proposed methodology can efficiently detect design flaws by disregarding limitations of specific thresholds in each environment of detection and promoting the automatic detection for reducing cost and time consumption in the detection process. Case studies are conducted to evaluate the proposed detection approach.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.913
title: Surfactant enhanced solubilization for organometallic compound removal

description: To find the approach to clean up the contaminated site by surfactant flushing technique based on the solubilization mechanism. Even tetraethyl lead (TEL) is a focused contamination in this study, TEL surrogate was needed to be identified and used instead of TEL due to its toxicity and troublesome handling. The equivalent alkane carbon number (EACN) of TEL was determined and found to be about 6.04 to 7.68. This EACN value had been used as one of criteria for proper surrogate selection. Dibutyltin dichloride (DBT) was selected based on designed criteria of being organometallic compound. The surrogate oils were then prepared as the mixture of DBT and decane at the molar ratio of 0.038:0.962 and mixture of DBT and perchloroethylene (PCE) at the same ratio. Various surfactants systems were tested to form a microemulsion with these surrogate oils. The selected surfactant solution was 3.6 wt.% sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate and 0.4 wt.% monoalkyl diphenyloxide disulfonates. The solubilization study revealed that PCE and decane were solubilized into the core of these surfactant micelles in both single and mixed oil systems. The solubilization isotherm of DBT suggested that DBT solubilizes near the surface of the micelles in a single oil system. The DBT solubilization was increased if mixed with PCE or decane indicating that those oils may help facilitating the DBT into the core of micelles. It may be concluded that the DBT behaves like a polar organic compound. The solubilization of PCE and decane were quantified from the effluent stream in the column experiment and compared the result to their solubilization capacity. The mechanism of solubilization of PCE and decane can be explained following the behavior found in batch study. However not for the case of DBT that the solubilization was found extremely low. Moreover, the gradient technique could not enhance the solubilization of DBT. The adsorption of DBT onto sand surface was a major cause to limit DBT solubilization. The adsorption of DBT could be minimized by altering pH of surfactant solution to the very acidic condition (pH 1), where the DBT is a cationic form and the surface of sand possesses positively charges but this strong acidic condition is not applicable in an actual site remediation. At pH 4 and pH 9, the DBT removal efficiency was not promising. Thus, the removal of DBT-PCE mixture by solubilization was improper to be applied if the media naturally possess negative surface charge such as sand and silicon oxide.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.914
title: Quasinormal modes of black holes in various dimensions

description: Quasinormal modes are the modes of a wave propagating in the spacetime around the black hole. The definition is the wave solution that satisfies certain boundary conditions, i.e. only ingoing at the horizon and the outgoing at the infinity. According to these boundary conditions, the corresponding frequencies namely, quasinormal frequencies, are allowed to be a discrete set of complex num- ber. These yield damping modes to the wave solution. Practically, quasinormal frequencies can be numerically obtained by solving the SchrÄodinger-like equation under particular boundary conditions. However, many previous works have sug- gested the possibility to determine these frequencies analytically. Therefore in this thesis, we mainly aim to investigate quasinormal modes of black holes in various dimensions by using analytical method. For three dimensional cases, quasi- normal frequencies of BTZ and rotating BTZ solution are calculated. A large three dimensional AdS Schwarzschild black hole are explored and its quasinormal modes are also obtained. Then, a massive scalar perturbation on four dimensional Schwarzschild metric are numerically investigated. For five dimensions, first order perturbation is applied for the study of quasinormal modes of a five dimensional AdS Schwarzschild background. Ultimately, we have proposed semi-analytic calculation for the quasinormal frequencies of a rotating Kaluza-Klein black hole with squashed horizons.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.915
title: Development of flow-based analysis system for determination of selenium sulfide in cosmeceutical products

description: Flow-based extraction system was developed for determination of selenium sulfide in cosmeceutical products. The method was based on iodometry, where selenium(IV) was reduced to selenium(0) by iodide ion producing iodine that was then on-line extracted into the organic solvent and detected by the fiber optic spectrophotometer at wavelength 521 nm. Several extraction units using polypropylene hollow fiber membrane as a phase separator were investigated. The tubular extraction unit with vertical setup provided the best performance. The extracting solvent was hexane that could be used in place of chloroform. The sample solution was first mixed with excess iodide and filled in the glass tube of the extraction unit while the hexane was pumped inside the membrane. The iodide concentration, extraction time, the length of the membrane, the cleaning system, reuse of membrane and matrix effect of sample were studied and optimized. All processes except washing were controlled by a microcontroller on a computer. The working range of 80 to 373 mg L⁻¹ selenium was obtained with 60 sec extraction time providing sample throughput of 20 samples hr-1 (included washing). The recovery for determination of selenium in the forms of selenium dioxide and selenium sulfide were 97-106% with 1-4%RSD and 95-105% with 1-3%RSD, respectively. This method was applied for determination of selenium sulfide in anti-dandruff shampoo and cosmeceutical samples obtained from Pan Rajthevee Group Public Company Limited. The results obtained from the developed method were similar to those labeled on the products with the relative error less than 2%; especially, it showed less error than the standard titration method.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.916
title: Synthesis and polymeriztion of nano assembled diacetylene lipids contining amino groups

description: The synthesis of a novel class of diacetylene lipid monomers containing amido or carboxyl head groups with various length methylene spacer (n = 2,3,4) between carbonyl group was accomplished by condensation of 10,12-pentacosadiynamine with various diacids or their cyclic anhydride derivatives. The polymerization and chromic properties of the synthesized polydiacetylenes (PDAs) were investigated. The monomers turned into blue or purple colors in solid state while instantaneously turned colored with different blue shade in film state depending on the alkyl chain length between carbonyl groups indicating the formation of PDAs. After diacetylene lipid monomers were sonicated in various pH of water, they can be dispersed and polymerized by 254 nm UV-irradiation to PDA sols. Thermochromic property of these PDA sols was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy. For PDA possessing single amide head group, the low n value exhibits the lower transition temperature while PDA having two amide head groups presents the inverse tendency. On the other hand, the increasing of n value enhances the degree of reversibility of one amide PDA. Again, two amide series illustrated the opposite tendency. Fabrication of the PDAs for paper-based colorimetric sensors for 14 organic solvents and 9 types of surfactants were also achieved. As the results, sensors for 11 organic solvents and cationic surfactants by using the statistical discriminating method (Principal component analysis, PCA) were successfully developed for such detection.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.917
title: Preparation of Co/SiO₂ fiber catalysts by electrospinning for CO hydrogenation

description: To prepare cobalt/silica fiber catalysts via electrospinning technique for CO hydrogenation. The optimum condition for fiber electrospinning was needle size of 0.4 mm, PVP content of 70wt%, voltage of 20 kV and the tip to collector distance of 15 cm. At the optimum condition, the diameter of the fiber was smallest at diameter of 448 nm, analyzed by SEM technique. The cobalt/silica fiber catalyst was prepared by impregnation method using cobalt acetate as a source of cobalt at various loading percentages (5, 10, 15 and 20wt% of metal loading). The cobalt/silica fiber catalysts were characterized by SEM/EDS, BET, TEM, XRD, TPR, and activity test for comparing to the conventional porous catalyst, cobalt/silica porous catalyst. The catalyst activity tests on CO hydrogenation over the fiber and porous catalysts were studied by following effects, support, reaction temperature, and cobalt contents. The operated temperature in CO hydrogenation was at 300℃, with %CO conversion of 19.75 and % methane selectivity of 88.35, higher than that of porous catalyst. And, the selectivity of carbon dioxide was lower than the porous catalyst, indicated the fiber catalysts was demoted the water gas shift reaction by decreasing the water absorbed on the fiber catalyst surface. The results on the effect of cobalt loading showed that 10%Co/SiO₂ fiber catalyst was the best catalyst for CO hydrogenation in this study.