DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7cv712d
title: Data from: Navigating the southern seas with small fins: Genetic connectivity of seahorses (Hippocampus abdominalis) across the Tasman Sea

description: Aim Historical patterns of ocean circulation in the Southern Hemisphere
 have been well studied, but the effects of coastal oceanography on marine
 biogeography in this region remain poorly understood relative to northern
 latitudes. Our study investigates historical and contemporary patterns of
 migration and dispersal across the Tasman Sea. Location Coastal regions of
 the Tasman Sea including southeastern Australia, Tasmania and New Zealand.
 Taxon Hippocampus abdominalis, the pot-bellied seahorse, one of the most
 broadly distributed seahorse species, and the only seahorse to have
 successfully colonized New Zealand from Australia across 2,000 km of open
 ocean. Methods We used a multilocus genetic dataset to measure population
 diversity and differentiation from seahorses across the full species range
 to investigate contemporary and historical demography, and to reconstruct
 colonization routes across the Tasman Sea. Results Genetic data indicate
 that seahorses colonized New Zealand from Australia during the previous
 interglacial-glacial cycle (12,000-120,000 ybp), and have evolved in
 relative isolation since the initial establishment event. Contemporary
 effective population sizes in the newly colonized range are substantially
 larger than those inferred in Australia, and both appear to be reduced
 relative to ancestral levels. Australian seahorses are genetically diverse
 and show high levels of population connectivity, while the distribution of
 genetic variation in New Zealand suggests an initial colonization of the
 South Island following by northward migration. Importantly, despite clear
 evidence that New Zealand seahorses are descendent from Australian
 ancestors, patterns of contemporary genetic diversity are consistent with
 trans-Tasman migration from New Zealand to Australia, suggesting that
 genetic variation accumulated in the newly colonized range is contributing
 to the genetic diversity of Australian seahorses. Main conclusions Despite
 a largely independent evolutionary trajectory of seahorses separated by
 the Tasman Sea, haplotype sharing between populations in Australia and New
 Zealand suggests that secondary genetic exchange is contributing to the
 contemporary phylogeography of the species. Patterns of genetic structure
 in H. abdominalis mirror those found in other rafting species, suggesting
 that adult dispersal via rafting has been an important vector of marine
 dispersal in this species.
description: mtCR_HabdFASTA file for Hippocampus abdominalis mtCRHabd_mtCR_allH. abdominalis mtCR input files for Arlequin v3.5.2.1mtCR_Habd.phyH. abdominalis mtCR tree input file in PHYLIP format for TCS v1.21hippocampuscytb071718Hippocampus species FASTA file for Cytochrome bHabd_msats_ArlequinH. abdominalis microsatellite input files for Arlequin v3.5.2.1habdar1cH. abdominalis microsatellite input file for R v3.2.3 package PopGenReportSTRUCTURE_input_finalH. abdominalis microsatellite input file for STRUCTURE v2.3.3HabdGeneAlEx_inputH. abdominalis microsatellite input file for GenAlEx v6.5HabdGenAlEx_input.xlsxIMa2_commands_HabdCommands for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012 for H. abdominalis multi-locus datasetinput_AD-CCH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_AD-NBH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_AD-SIH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_AD-SYH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_CC-SIH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_DE-CCH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_DE-RAH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_DE-SIH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_DE-SYH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_NA-SIH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_NA-WEH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_NB-DEH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_NB-SIH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_NB-SYH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_RA-CCH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_RA-NAH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_RA-SIH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_RA-TAH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_RA-WEH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_SY-CCH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_SY-NAH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_SY-RAH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_SY-TAH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_TA-CCH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_TA-NAH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012input_WE-CCH. abdominalis multi-locus input file for IMa2 release date August 27, 2012EvannoK_deltaKLog probabilities from STRUCTURE v2.3.3 H. abdominalis microsatellite analyses to determine deltaK metric as per Evanno et al. (2005)geodistmantelAUGeographic distance matrix of Australian H. abdominalis microsatellite dataset for R v3.2.3 package adegenet v2.1.1geodistmantelNZGeographic distance matrix of New Zealand H. abdominalis microsatellite dataset for R v3.2.3 package adegenet v2.1.1msatmantelDestAUGenetic distance matrix of Australian H. abdominalis microsatellite dataset for R v3.2.3 package adegenet v2.1.1msatmantelDestNZGenetic distance matrix of New Zealand H. abdominalis microsatellite dataset for R v3.2.3 package adegenet v2.1.1habdhr1cH. abdominalis mtCR input file for R v3.2.3 package PopGenReportREADMEREADME file for all data files organized by figure from accompanying article