cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511015
title: Behavior during weaning of Amazonian manatee “Trichechus inunguis” (Natterer, 1883) in captivity

description: SUMMARY The Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis (Natterer, 1883) is a species that was widely exploited by hunting, one of the most hunted aquatic mammals in the twentieth century. Currently its hunting is prohibited. However, the regulations do not prevent young specimens, for various reasons, beached and require care in captivity for rehabilitation of this species. The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) maintained a base of the Center for Research and Conservation of Aquatic Mammals Management (CMA) installed on the campus of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA) with enclosures for rehabilitation of the Amazonian manatees. As some small animals arrive in breastfeeding, as they grow, are submitted to weaning that in the screen in captivity occurred in thirty days. The seven examples of behavior of this species has been the subject of this study, comparing the behavior of some performance standards before (nursing), during (weaning) and after (herbivory) of weaning. The results of the variance analysis indicate, among other behaviors, significant difference to the behavior of the execution frequencies related to food by the statistical test of Kruskal-Wallis test (p value &lt;0.0001) having behavioral response of animals to decrease the supply of nutrients provided by breastfeeding. With the same statistical test, a behavior that has been classified as a stereotype captivity (moving in circles) was decreasing as the animal leaves the breastfeeding to herbivory (p &lt;0.0023).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511015.v1
title: Behavior during weaning of Amazonian manatee “Trichechus inunguis” (Natterer, 1883) in captivity

description: SUMMARY The Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis (Natterer, 1883) is a species that was widely exploited by hunting, one of the most hunted aquatic mammals in the twentieth century. Currently its hunting is prohibited. However, the regulations do not prevent young specimens, for various reasons, beached and require care in captivity for rehabilitation of this species. The Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) maintained a base of the Center for Research and Conservation of Aquatic Mammals Management (CMA) installed on the campus of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia (UFRA) with enclosures for rehabilitation of the Amazonian manatees. As some small animals arrive in breastfeeding, as they grow, are submitted to weaning that in the screen in captivity occurred in thirty days. The seven examples of behavior of this species has been the subject of this study, comparing the behavior of some performance standards before (nursing), during (weaning) and after (herbivory) of weaning. The results of the variance analysis indicate, among other behaviors, significant difference to the behavior of the execution frequencies related to food by the statistical test of Kruskal-Wallis test (p value &lt;0.0001) having behavioral response of animals to decrease the supply of nutrients provided by breastfeeding. With the same statistical test, a behavior that has been classified as a stereotype captivity (moving in circles) was decreasing as the animal leaves the breastfeeding to herbivory (p &lt;0.0023).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861727.v1
title: Costs of biosecurity measures in Brazilian laying hens farms in response to policies against Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease and Salmonellosis

description: SUMMARY The objective of this study was to estimate costs for egg production and for implementation of biosecurity measures described by Normative Instructions No. 56/2007, No. 59/2009, No. 36/2012 and No. 10/2013 on production costs in these establishments. To attend the “National Avian Health Program” and the “National Plan for the Prevention of Avian Influenza and Control and Prevention of Newcastle Disease”, the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture published a series of legal acts to establish the “Procedures for Register, Inspection and Control of Breeding and Commercial Avian Establishments” intensifying the measures for prevention of high economic impact illnesses in avian flocks of the country. The adaptations comprise items of structure and biosecurity procedures that aim to increase the level of isolation of the birds to maintain them with the best health status as possible. These adaptations can result in more expenses and dedication from the producers. Thus, production costs were obtained through personal interviews with 10 voluntary commercial farmers of laying hens in Limeira region, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, between June and July, 2013. The result of this study suggests that the implementation of biosecurity measures has relatively low costs when compared to the possible risks of diseases outbreaks and the consequent economic losses that justify the adoption of these practices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512641.v1
title: Physical evaluation, morphological and identification of seminal proteins in Santa Ines sheep

description: SUMMARY This study aimed to identify proteins in the seminal plasma associated with fertility in sheep of Santa Inês in Manaus, AM, using twodimensional electrophoresis techniques associated with mass spectrometry. Semen samples from eight adult sheep were collected by removing an aliquot for the physical and morphological assessments of semen and seminal plasma was subjected to SDS-PAGE profile and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Gels were stained with colloidal Coomassie, scanned and analyzed using ImageMaster 2D Platinum software, version 6.0. The selected individual spots were cut from the master gel, digested with trypsin and subjected to identification by mass spectrometry (MALDITof / Tof). Of the 108 spots detected in the gel, it selected 10 differential spots (based on the distribution thereof in the bidimensional gel and pre-analysis of the 2D ImageMaster Platinum Software) identifying 03 proteins: clusterin, a protein 14-3-3 zeta chain and Ram Seminal versicles 22kDa Protein. The identity of these proteins implies that the components of seminal plasma participate in physiological processes involved in sperm protection, motility and sperm capacitation, all associated with fertility. These proteins need to be better studied to see whether the same could be used as molecular markers of fertility as they were also found in other studies conducted with sheep Santa Ines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861727
title: Costs of biosecurity measures in Brazilian laying hens farms in response to policies against Avian Influenza, Newcastle Disease and Salmonellosis

description: SUMMARY The objective of this study was to estimate costs for egg production and for implementation of biosecurity measures described by Normative Instructions No. 56/2007, No. 59/2009, No. 36/2012 and No. 10/2013 on production costs in these establishments. To attend the “National Avian Health Program” and the “National Plan for the Prevention of Avian Influenza and Control and Prevention of Newcastle Disease”, the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture published a series of legal acts to establish the “Procedures for Register, Inspection and Control of Breeding and Commercial Avian Establishments” intensifying the measures for prevention of high economic impact illnesses in avian flocks of the country. The adaptations comprise items of structure and biosecurity procedures that aim to increase the level of isolation of the birds to maintain them with the best health status as possible. These adaptations can result in more expenses and dedication from the producers. Thus, production costs were obtained through personal interviews with 10 voluntary commercial farmers of laying hens in Limeira region, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, between June and July, 2013. The result of this study suggests that the implementation of biosecurity measures has relatively low costs when compared to the possible risks of diseases outbreaks and the consequent economic losses that justify the adoption of these practices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861832
title: Chemical composition of silage and hay “Gliricidia sepium” in different residue heights

description: SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the chemical quality of silage and hay Gliricídia in different residue heights. The experimental design in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (3×2), consisting of three residue heights (70, 90 and 110 cm) and two forage conservation procedures (silage and hay) with four replications. For pH values Gliricídia fresh and silage did not differ in relation to waste time, unlike the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), where the height of 70 cm, had lower values. The cutting height did not influence gas losses, effluents and recovery of dry matter silage Gliricídia. Hay had higher crude protein (CP). The lowest dry matter (DM) and 70 cm for the hay, gave him less accumulation of dry matter, with still higher values of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in relation to silage for heights 70 and 90 cm. The plant was maintained at a higher height (110 cm), EE and accumulated higher concentration of fibrous material. Silage Gliricídia provides suitable pH values independent of the residual time, and does not influence the fermentation losses of silage, however, there are high losses of NH3 for residual height 110 cm. DM, EE and NDF are influenced heights of waste, as well as the conservation methods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512641
title: Physical evaluation, morphological and identification of seminal proteins in Santa Ines sheep

description: SUMMARY This study aimed to identify proteins in the seminal plasma associated with fertility in sheep of Santa Inês in Manaus, AM, using twodimensional electrophoresis techniques associated with mass spectrometry. Semen samples from eight adult sheep were collected by removing an aliquot for the physical and morphological assessments of semen and seminal plasma was subjected to SDS-PAGE profile and two-dimensional electrophoresis. Gels were stained with colloidal Coomassie, scanned and analyzed using ImageMaster 2D Platinum software, version 6.0. The selected individual spots were cut from the master gel, digested with trypsin and subjected to identification by mass spectrometry (MALDITof / Tof). Of the 108 spots detected in the gel, it selected 10 differential spots (based on the distribution thereof in the bidimensional gel and pre-analysis of the 2D ImageMaster Platinum Software) identifying 03 proteins: clusterin, a protein 14-3-3 zeta chain and Ram Seminal versicles 22kDa Protein. The identity of these proteins implies that the components of seminal plasma participate in physiological processes involved in sperm protection, motility and sperm capacitation, all associated with fertility. These proteins need to be better studied to see whether the same could be used as molecular markers of fertility as they were also found in other studies conducted with sheep Santa Ines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861379
title: Feasibility of using “days to a specific weight” traits in Nellore cattle breeding programs

description: SUMMARY The objective of this work was to study "days for a specific weight" traits in Nelore breeding programs comparing them with traditional traits such as average daily weight gain. Thus, this study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for days to reach 180kg (D180), days to reach 300kg (D300), pre-weaning weight gain (gpmdND), weight gain in the weaning period until yearling weight (gpmdDS) traits for a population of Nellore cattle. The used database consists in 60005 animals, and pedigree file information of 37234 growth phenotypes. The data were organized and prepared with the R program, and the estimation of (co) variance components, bi-character analyzes were performed with software Wombat. The progeny of the animals were analyzed for variability of progeny differences (Deps) by an additive genetic variation coefficient. The heritabilities for gpmdND and D180 were the highest, 0.4 and 0.45, respectively. The analysis demonstrated high genetic correlations between the traits gpmdND and D180 (0.99) and gpmdDS and D300 (0.95). D180 and gpmdDS showed the lowest coefficients of variation. Selection by the pre-weaning traits will produce animals that will take, on average, the same time to reach the weaning weight. However, for the D300 weight, the average gain was 82.44 days in relation to gpmdDS. Thus, a selection index that includes the traits D180 and D300 should produce the best results regarding the uniformity of the selected ones and the speed of gain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861379.v1
title: Feasibility of using “days to a specific weight” traits in Nellore cattle breeding programs

description: SUMMARY The objective of this work was to study "days for a specific weight" traits in Nelore breeding programs comparing them with traditional traits such as average daily weight gain. Thus, this study aimed to estimate genetic parameters for days to reach 180kg (D180), days to reach 300kg (D300), pre-weaning weight gain (gpmdND), weight gain in the weaning period until yearling weight (gpmdDS) traits for a population of Nellore cattle. The used database consists in 60005 animals, and pedigree file information of 37234 growth phenotypes. The data were organized and prepared with the R program, and the estimation of (co) variance components, bi-character analyzes were performed with software Wombat. The progeny of the animals were analyzed for variability of progeny differences (Deps) by an additive genetic variation coefficient. The heritabilities for gpmdND and D180 were the highest, 0.4 and 0.45, respectively. The analysis demonstrated high genetic correlations between the traits gpmdND and D180 (0.99) and gpmdDS and D300 (0.95). D180 and gpmdDS showed the lowest coefficients of variation. Selection by the pre-weaning traits will produce animals that will take, on average, the same time to reach the weaning weight. However, for the D300 weight, the average gain was 82.44 days in relation to gpmdDS. Thus, a selection index that includes the traits D180 and D300 should produce the best results regarding the uniformity of the selected ones and the speed of gain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861376
title: Degradability of grasses, ruminal fermentation and protozoa in beef cattle on diet with different additives

description: SUMMARY Four cattle rumen fistulae were fed on Latin Square with four treatments including the daily addition into rumen of: yeast (5g), monensin (200mg), Fator P (3g) and control. In situ degradability was determined with three tropical grasses: Tifton-85, Brachiaria, Mombasa and Mombasa silage, as well as ruminal pH, production of volatile fatty acids, ammonia-N and protozoa population. There was no significant interaction between treatment and grasses and significant differences between treatments, except in fraction b of Brachiaria and Mombasa silage. The Mombasa showed high solubility of DM and NDF compared to other grasses and Brachiaria higher solubility of CP. Processing of Mombasa as silage promoted reduction of soluble fraction and potential (PD) and effective degradabilities (ED) of DM and NDF and increased soluble fraction and ED of CP. Monensin produced lower production of acetic acid, higher of propionic and lower acetic: propionic acid. Yeast and Fator P showed higher total acids concentration than monensin and control. Diplodiniinae protozoa was increased with monensin compared to the control diet, but there was no difference in Entodinium and total ciliates between treatments. Tropical grasses in the form of hay and silage have different ruminal degradability not being influenced by additives in the diet, but these affect fermentation and protozoa population in the rumen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861376.v1
title: Degradability of grasses, ruminal fermentation and protozoa in beef cattle on diet with different additives

description: SUMMARY Four cattle rumen fistulae were fed on Latin Square with four treatments including the daily addition into rumen of: yeast (5g), monensin (200mg), Fator P (3g) and control. In situ degradability was determined with three tropical grasses: Tifton-85, Brachiaria, Mombasa and Mombasa silage, as well as ruminal pH, production of volatile fatty acids, ammonia-N and protozoa population. There was no significant interaction between treatment and grasses and significant differences between treatments, except in fraction b of Brachiaria and Mombasa silage. The Mombasa showed high solubility of DM and NDF compared to other grasses and Brachiaria higher solubility of CP. Processing of Mombasa as silage promoted reduction of soluble fraction and potential (PD) and effective degradabilities (ED) of DM and NDF and increased soluble fraction and ED of CP. Monensin produced lower production of acetic acid, higher of propionic and lower acetic: propionic acid. Yeast and Fator P showed higher total acids concentration than monensin and control. Diplodiniinae protozoa was increased with monensin compared to the control diet, but there was no difference in Entodinium and total ciliates between treatments. Tropical grasses in the form of hay and silage have different ruminal degradability not being influenced by additives in the diet, but these affect fermentation and protozoa population in the rumen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861832.v1
title: Chemical composition of silage and hay “Gliricidia sepium” in different residue heights

description: SUMMARY This study aimed to evaluate the chemical quality of silage and hay Gliricídia in different residue heights. The experimental design in randomized blocks in a factorial scheme (3×2), consisting of three residue heights (70, 90 and 110 cm) and two forage conservation procedures (silage and hay) with four replications. For pH values Gliricídia fresh and silage did not differ in relation to waste time, unlike the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), where the height of 70 cm, had lower values. The cutting height did not influence gas losses, effluents and recovery of dry matter silage Gliricídia. Hay had higher crude protein (CP). The lowest dry matter (DM) and 70 cm for the hay, gave him less accumulation of dry matter, with still higher values of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in relation to silage for heights 70 and 90 cm. The plant was maintained at a higher height (110 cm), EE and accumulated higher concentration of fibrous material. Silage Gliricídia provides suitable pH values independent of the residual time, and does not influence the fermentation losses of silage, however, there are high losses of NH3 for residual height 110 cm. DM, EE and NDF are influenced heights of waste, as well as the conservation methods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861922
title: Paprika and/or marigold extracts in diets for laying hens

description: SUMMARY This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of paprika and marigold extracts in sorghum-based rations on the productivity and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred sixty laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design in five treatments and in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2 + 1), one control ration based on corn, two levels of paprika extract (0 and 6 g/kg diet), and two levels of marigold extract (0 and 1 g/kg diet) in sorghum-based rations. There was no effect (P &gt; 0.05) of the treatments on the weight, specific weight, and Haugh unit of the eggs and productive performance, but the inclusion of paprika extract resulted in eggs with lower egg pH. The interaction between the control group and the factorial was significant (P &lt; 0.05) to the laying rate, egg mass, and yolk color, whose values were lower with sorghum-based diets with no pigment compared to control treatment. The interaction between the paprika and marigold extracts was significant increasing the height (P &lt; 0.03) and color (P &lt; 0.0001) of the yolk when paprika extract was used, with or without marigold extract. Marigold extract inclusion reduced the percentage (P &lt; 0.02) and thickness (P &lt; 0.01) of the eggshell. As conclusion, the inclusion of paprika extract in sorghum-based diets for laying hens is viable for improving the egg quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861922.v1
title: Paprika and/or marigold extracts in diets for laying hens

description: SUMMARY This study was performed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of paprika and marigold extracts in sorghum-based rations on the productivity and egg quality of laying hens. One hundred sixty laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design in five treatments and in a factorial arrangement (2 × 2 + 1), one control ration based on corn, two levels of paprika extract (0 and 6 g/kg diet), and two levels of marigold extract (0 and 1 g/kg diet) in sorghum-based rations. There was no effect (P &gt; 0.05) of the treatments on the weight, specific weight, and Haugh unit of the eggs and productive performance, but the inclusion of paprika extract resulted in eggs with lower egg pH. The interaction between the control group and the factorial was significant (P &lt; 0.05) to the laying rate, egg mass, and yolk color, whose values were lower with sorghum-based diets with no pigment compared to control treatment. The interaction between the paprika and marigold extracts was significant increasing the height (P &lt; 0.03) and color (P &lt; 0.0001) of the yolk when paprika extract was used, with or without marigold extract. Marigold extract inclusion reduced the percentage (P &lt; 0.02) and thickness (P &lt; 0.01) of the eggshell. As conclusion, the inclusion of paprika extract in sorghum-based diets for laying hens is viable for improving the egg quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862477
title: Performance and carcass characteristics of two biotypes of Santa Inês sheep grazing pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks

description: SUMMARY The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of Santa Inês lambs fed pasture supplemented with multinutritional blocks (MB). Twenty whole lambs were used, 10 of the Santa Inês Tradicional and 10 Santa Inês Moderno biotypes. These were distributed in a completely randomized design, where they remained until reaching the slaughtering age of 264 days. Although they had different biotypes, sheep did not differ statistically for performance variables, quantitative, qualitative, morphometry, biometrics, only the palette yield variable was higher for the biotype in 19. 75%, while for the traditional one it was 19. 18%. Increasing use of the multinutritional block was observed by lambs up to 56 days of experiment, reaching a maximum of 0.240g/animal/day, but at 84 days there was a decline to 0.198g/animal/day. The average daily gain (ADG) was 144.22 and 146.67 for the traditional and modem biotypes, respectively, and the final weight (FW) was 32. 26 and 32. 66kg for each biotype. The carcass of the animals is moderate and therefore a lean carcass. The gross profit margin was 78 reais/animal. Despite the biotypic differences, the Santa Inês lambs fed pasture and supplemented with multinutritional blocks showed similar carcass characteristics.