cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.23637/oares30yrmeans6190
title: Dataset: Rothamsted 30-year mean meteorological data 1961-1990

description: This dataset consists of the 30-year monthly mean meteorological data measured at Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK, from January 1961 until December 1990.
description: Data is derived from daily measurements taken at the site. Mean monthly data is determined from daily data using Excel.
description: Rain, sun hours, max and min temp, mean temp, soil temp under grass, wind, evaporation, radiation.
description: #### MEASUREMENTS
- Rain: The mean total monthly rainfall including all precipitation (snow, rain, mist and fog) captured in a 5 inch rain gauge (mm per month)
- Sunshine: The mean total hours of sunshine (hours per month)
- Maximum temperature: The mean maximum monthly air temperature (degrees C)
- Minimum temperature: The mean minumum monthly air temperature (degrees C)
- Average temperature: The mean of the maximum and minimum air temperature (degrees C)
- Soil temperature under grass 30cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 30cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (degrees C) 
- Soil temperature under grass 100cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 100cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (degrees C)
- Wind: The mean monthly wind speed measured at 2 metres above ground level, averaged over 24 hours (km per hour)
- Evaporation: The mean total monthly evaporation over two open water tanks installed in the spring of each year (mm per month) 
- Radiation: The mean daily solar radiation measured with a Kipp Solarimeter (J/cm2)
description: This 30-year mean meteorological data contained in this spreadsheet are derived from daily data measured at Rothamsted Research. Verification includes checks for instrument errors, for missing data and outliers. None
DOI: 10.23637/rmsmmtemp10850917
title: Dataset: Mean monthly temperature at Rothamsted October 1985-September 2017

description: This dataset represents the mean monthly temperature at Rothamsted from October 1985 - September 2017 and is based on continuous daily records measured at the site.
description: The mean daily temperature is measured over a 24 hour period 0900 to 0900 GMT and calculated from the daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum temperatures (Tmin); the mean daily tamperature = (Tmax = Tmin)/2. The temperature is recorded at 1.5 m height above the ground surface within a naturally aspirating temperature unit (Stevenson screen). Temperature was first recorded in 1878, Tmax was then measured using a mercury column thermometer and Tmin using a spirit-in-glass with indicator bar minimum thermometer. Data were collected daily manually until 2004 using a standard protocol. Since 2004, temperatures have been recorded automatically by Automatic Weather Station thermistors (electronic temperature probes, Campbell Scientific, Type 107).
description: Location: Rothamsted Meteorological Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, England 51.82 N 0.37 W 128 m asl.
description: The monthly summary data contained in this spreadsheet are derived from daily data measured at Rothamsted Meteorological Station, Harpenden. Total monthly data is determined from daily data using Genstat 19th Edition. Verification includes checks for instrument errors, for missing data and outliers. The original raw daily data is available, after registering, from the e-RA database. Please contact the e-RA Curators for an access password and further details.
DOI: 10.23637/oares30yrmeans9120
title: Dataset: Rothamsted 30-year mean meteorological data 1991-2020

description: This dataset consists of the 30-year monthly mean meteorological data measured at Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK, from January 1991 until December 2020.
description: Daily measurements are taken at the site. Mean monthly data are determined from daily data using Excel.
description: Rain, sun hours, mean, maximum and minimum temperatures, soil temperatures under grass (30cm and 100cm delpth), wind speed, evaporation, radiation.
description: #### MEASUREMENTS

- Rain: The mean total monthly rainfall including all precipitation (snow, rain, mist and fog) captured in a 5 inch rain gauge (mm per month)
- Sunshine: The mean total hours of sunshine (hours per month)
- Maximum temperature: The mean maximum monthly air temperature (°C)
- Minimum temperature: The mean minumum monthly air temperature (°C)
- Average temperature: The mean of the maximum and minimum air temperature (°C)
- Soil temperature under grass 30cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 30cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (°C)
- Soil temperature under grass 100cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 100cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (degrees C)
- Wind: The mean monthly wind speed measured at 2 metres above ground level, averaged over 24 hours (km per hour)
- Evaporation: The mean total monthly evaporation over two open water tanks installed in the spring of each year (mm per month)
- Radiation: The mean daily solar radiation measured with a Kipp Solarimeter (J/cm2)
description: This 30-year mean meteorological data contained in this spreadsheet are derived from daily data measured at Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, UK. Verification of daily data includes checks for instrument errors, for missing data and outliers. None
DOI: 10.23637/oares30yrmeans7100
title: Dataset: Rothamsted 30-year mean meteorological data 1971-2000

description: This dataset consists of the 30-year monthly mean meteorological data measured at Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK, from January 1971 until December 2000.
description: Data is derived from daily measurements taken at the site. Mean monthly data is determined from daily data using Excel.
description: Rain, sun hours, max and min temp, mean temp, soil temp under grass, wind, evaporation, radiation.
description: #### MEASUREMENTS
- Rain: The mean total monthly rainfall including all precipitation (snow, rain, mist and fog) captured in a 5 inch rain gauge (mm per month)

- Sunshine: The mean total hours of sunshine (hours per month)

- Maximum temperature: The mean maximum monthly air temperature (degrees C)
- Minimum temperature: The mean minumum monthly air temperature (degrees C)
- Average temperature: The mean of the maximum and minimum air temperature (degrees C)
- Soil temperature under grass 30cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 30cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (degrees C) 
- Soil temperature under grass 100cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 100cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (degrees C)
- Wind: The mean monthly wind speed measured at 2 metres above ground level, averaged over 24 hours (km per hour)
- Evaporation: The mean total monthly evaporation over two open water tanks installed in the spring of each year (mm per month) 
- Radiation: The mean daily solar radiation measured with a Kipp Solarimeter (J/cm2)
description: This 30-year mean meteorological data contained in this spreadsheet are derived from daily data measured at Rothamsted Research. Verification includes checks for instrument errors, for missing data and outliers. None
DOI: 10.23637/rms-rmaatemp-02
title: Dataset: Annual Mean Air Temperature at Rothamsted 1878-2019

description: Rothamsted has one of the longest running continuous sets of meteorological recordings in the world. The figure shows the annual mean air temperature at Rothamsted every year from 1878-2019. Also shown is the mean over each five-year period, 1878-1882, 1883-1887, etc. The red line shows the mean temperature, 1878-1987. Mean annual air temperature has fluctuated considerably between 1878-2013. However, when the variation in annual temperature is smoothed using five-year means, it is apparent that air temperatures have risen sharply since 1987 (Scott, 2015). The mean air temperature at Rothamsted is now approximately 10.04°C which is 1.1°C higher than the 1878-1987 average. The 10 warmest years on record occurred in the last 17 years. Much of the rise is due to increases in the autumn and winter months, and in night time temperatures.
description: Summary data used for this chart are derived from annual daily data measured at Rothamsted Meteorological Station. The mean daily temperature is measured over a 24-hour period 0900 to 0900 GMT and calculated from the daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum temperatures (Tmin); the mean daily temperature = (Tmax = Tmin)/2.
description: First recorded in 1878, Tmax was then measured using a mercury column thermometer and Tmin using a spirit-in-glass with indicator bar minimum thermometer.

Since 2004, temperatures have been recorded automatically by thermistors (electronic temperature probes, Campbell Scientific, Type 107).
DOI: 10.23637/rms-rmaatemp-03
title: Dataset: Annual Mean Air Temperature at Rothamsted 1878-2023

description: Rothamsted has one of the longest running continuous sets of meteorological recordings in the world. The figure shows the annual mean air temperature at Rothamsted every year from 1878-2022. Also shown is the mean over each five-year period, 1878-1882, 1883-1887, etc. The red line shows the mean temperature, 1878-1987. Mean annual air temperature has fluctuated considerably, however, when the variation in annual temperature is smoothed using five-year means, it is apparent that air temperatures have risen sharply since 1987 (Scott, 2015). The mean air temperature at Rothamsted in 2022 was 11.23°C which is 2.17°C higher than the 1878-1987 average (9.06°C). The 10 warmest years on record occurred since 1999. Much of the rise in annual mean temperatures is due to temperature increases in the autumn and winter months, and in night-time temperatures.
description: Summary data used for this chart are derived from annual daily data measured at Rothamsted Meteorological Station. The mean daily temperature is measured over a 24-hour period 0900 to 0900 GMT and calculated from the daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum temperatures (Tmin); the mean daily temperature = (Tmax = Tmin)/2.
description: An Excel file containing annual mean temperature for each year and a chart of these data.
description: First recorded in 1878, Tmax was then measured using a mercury column thermometer and Tmin using a spirit-in-glass with indicator bar minimum thermometer. Since 2004 temperature is recorded by thermistors (electronic temperature probes, Campbell Scientific, type 107).
description: The annual summary data contained in this spreadsheet are derived from daily data measured at Rothamsted Meteorological Station, Harpenden using MS Excel. Verification includes checks for instrument errors, for missing data and outliers.
DOI: 10.23637/oares30yrmeans8180
title: Dataset: Rothamsted 30-year mean meteorological data 1981-2010

description: This dataset consists of the 30-year monthly mean meteorological data measured at Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, UK, from January 1981 until December 2010.
description: Data is derived from daily measurements taken at the site. Mean monthly data is determined from daily data using Excel.
description: Rain, sun hours, max and min temp, mean temp, soil temp under grass, wind, evaporation, radiation.
description: #### MEASUREMENTS
- Rain: The mean total monthly rainfall including all precipitation (snow, rain, mist and fog) captured in a 5 inch rain gauge (mm per month)
- Sunshine: The mean total hours of sunshine (hours per month)
- Maximum temperature: The mean maximum monthly air temperature (°C)
- Minimum temperature: The mean minumum monthly air temperature (°C)
- Average temperature: The mean of the maximum and minimum air temperature (°C)
- Soil temperature under grass 30cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 30cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (°C) 
- Soil temperature under grass 100cm: The mean monthly soil temperature under grass at 100cm depth, measured at 0900 GMT (°C)
- Wind: The mean monthly wind speed measured at 2 metres above ground level, averaged over 24 hours (km per hour)
- Evaporation: The mean total monthly evaporation over two open water tanks installed in the spring of each year (mm per month) 
- Radiation: The mean daily solar radiation measured with a Kipp Solarimeter (J/cm2)
description: This 30-year mean meteorological data contained in this spreadsheet are derived from daily data measured at Rothamsted Research. Verification includes checks for instrument errors, for missing data and outliers. None
DOI: 10.23637/rmmrain5318
title: Dataset: Total Monthly Rainfall at Rothamsted March 1853 - July 2018

description: This dataset represents the total monthly rainfall at Rothamsted continuously from March 1853 - July 2018 and is based on continuous daily records measured at the site.
description: Daily rainfall is measured as the total (mm) over the 24-hour period 0900 to 0900 GMT. It includes all precipitation - snow, rain, mist and fog. Rainfall was first recorded at Rothamsted in 1853, using a copper funnel rain gauge (5 inch / 12.7 cm diameter) and measured using a graduated cylinder. Since 2004 it has been measured using an electronic tipping bucket rain gauge (10 inch / 25.4cm diameter), ARG100, calibrated to tip at 0.2mm (which has since become the minimum amount of rain that can be recorded). The rain gauge is placed within a 30cm deep 1.5m radius turf wall, retained by brick, to reduce wind eddies that may potentially blow rain out of the gauges. Data were collected daily manually until 2004 and since then by Automatic Weather Station using a standard protocol.
description: Location: Rothamsted Meteorological Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, England 51.82 N 0.37 W 128 m asl.
description: The monthly summary data contained in this spreadsheet are derived from daily data measured at Rothamsted Meteorological Station, Harpenden. Total monthly data is determined from daily data using Genstat 19th Edition. Verification includes checks for instrument errors, for missing data and outliers. The original raw daily data is available, after registering, from the e-RA database. Please contact the e-RA Curators for an access password and further details.

This datasest contains total monthly rainfall and was mistakingly titled 'Mean' monthly rainfall until Decmeber 2022 when it was corrected to 'Total' monthly rainfall; it was then superceded by the long-term total monthly rainfall 1853-2022 in January 2023.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17987052
title: LHCD Dataset

description: The LHCD dataset is a time-series dataset for cropland non-agriculturalization, consisting of 1295 samples that cover 23 image periods. Each sample has a spatial extent of 512 × 512 pixels. The dataset encompasses major non-agriculturalization types such as newly constructed buildings, landscaped areas, roads, bare land, and ponds.The image acquisition dates were August 2015, December 2015, January 2016, April 2016, August 2016, January 2017, May 2017, November 2017, March 2020, June 2020, July 2020, November 2020, March 2021, June 2021, September 2021, November 2021, February 2022, May 2022, August 2022, December 2022, March 2023, May 2023, and August 2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17987053
title: LHCD Dataset

description: The LHCD dataset is a time-series dataset for cropland non-agriculturalization, consisting of 1295 samples that cover 23 image periods. Each sample has a spatial extent of 512 × 512 pixels. The dataset encompasses major non-agriculturalization types such as newly constructed buildings, landscaped areas, roads, bare land, and ponds.The image acquisition dates were August 2015, December 2015, January 2016, April 2016, August 2016, January 2017, May 2017, November 2017, March 2020, June 2020, July 2020, November 2020, March 2021, June 2021, September 2021, November 2021, February 2022, May 2022, August 2022, December 2022, March 2023, May 2023, and August 2023
DOI: 10.23637/bbk-2078416917-01
title: Dataset: <i>Cirsium arvense</i> frequency on Broadbalk Section 8 1991-2018

description: This dataset consists of the relative frequencies of <i>Cirsium arvense</i> (Creeping thistle) of the Family Asteraceae recorded on Section 8 plots of the Broadbalk Wheat Experiment, 1991-2018. Section 8 has not received any herbicides in its history. 

<br>The collective weed fauna, and frequency of each species such as <i>C. arvense</i>, differ in response to fertiliser treatments which vary with each plot (see Related Documents below).
description: The assessment method records the presence of individual weed species in 25 random quadrats (0.1m2) per plot. Each year all 18 plots were surveyed meaning 450 quadrats are assessed per year, usually in June. Frequencies refer to the total number of quadrats in which the species is recorded, the maximum being 25 per plot and 450 across all plots in the section.
description: This subset of data of this single species, <i>C. arvense</i>, are derived from the e-RA database dataset BKWEEDS_PLOT. This complete dataset consists of records of all species of weeds recorded in section 8. This data is recorded & provided by staff of the Weed Ecology Group, Rothamsted Research; Richard Hull, Stephen Moss, Jon Storkey who apply all appropriate quality assurance checks.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15140489
title: Table 3 in The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species

description: Table 3. Morphometric data for holotype (H) and nine paratypes of Cynopoecilus fulgens.
malesfemalesHparatypesMCP 26929MCP 26930UFRJ 4978MCP 26930UFRJ 5230UFRJ 4978MCP 26930UFRJ 4973MCP 26930MCP 26930SL (mm)37.838.937.630.330.129.326.324.724.5213In percents of standard lengthBody depth29.527.727.528.727.527.929.027.228.828.6Caudal peduncle depth15.113.612.913.912.912.613.613.513.613.2Predorsal length56.652.655.255.757.960.461.661.763.560.6Prepelvic length50.648.550.546.748.855.052.754.052.253.0Length of dorsal-fin base28.530.430.029.328.027.528.325.225.926.2Length of anal-fin base24.628.726.327.126.820.421.721.521.021.3Caudal-fin length32.827327.529.628.332.032.730.334.032.2Pectoral-fin length17.916.916.117.318.518.219.718.220.318.7Pelvic-fin length7.07.05.65.65.97.45.66.06.05.7Head length28.426.726.427.227.128.127.227.828.929.2In percents of head lengthHead depth71.973.577.17 2.172.276.373.278.770.271.8Head width67.166.767.169.166.570.673.073.969.773.4Snout length14.213.713.113.514.213.314913.712.614.0Lower jaw length24.625.625.925.224.422.924.022.421.619.8Eye diameter33.831.532.333.132.235.635.933.333.134.5
description: Published as part of M., Wilson J. E., 2002, The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species, pp. 17 in Ichthyol Explor. Freshwaters 13 on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11130615
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15140490
title: Table 3 in The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species

description: Table 3. Morphometric data for holotype (H) and nine paratypes of Cynopoecilus fulgens.
malesfemalesHparatypesMCP 26929MCP 26930UFRJ 4978MCP 26930UFRJ 5230UFRJ 4978MCP 26930UFRJ 4973MCP 26930MCP 26930SL (mm)37.838.937.630.330.129.326.324.724.5213In percents of standard lengthBody depth29.527.727.528.727.527.929.027.228.828.6Caudal peduncle depth15.113.612.913.912.912.613.613.513.613.2Predorsal length56.652.655.255.757.960.461.661.763.560.6Prepelvic length50.648.550.546.748.855.052.754.052.253.0Length of dorsal-fin base28.530.430.029.328.027.528.325.225.926.2Length of anal-fin base24.628.726.327.126.820.421.721.521.021.3Caudal-fin length32.827327.529.628.332.032.730.334.032.2Pectoral-fin length17.916.916.117.318.518.219.718.220.318.7Pelvic-fin length7.07.05.65.65.97.45.66.06.05.7Head length28.426.726.427.227.128.127.227.828.929.2In percents of head lengthHead depth71.973.577.17 2.172.276.373.278.770.271.8Head width67.166.767.169.166.570.673.073.969.773.4Snout length14.213.713.113.514.213.314913.712.614.0Lower jaw length24.625.625.925.224.422.924.022.421.619.8Eye diameter33.831.532.333.132.235.635.933.333.134.5
description: Published as part of M., Wilson J. E., 2002, The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species, pp. 17 in Ichthyol Explor. Freshwaters 13 on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11130615
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15140491
title: Table 4 in The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species

description: Table 4. Morphometric data for holotype (H) and nine paratypes of Cynopoecilus intimus.
malesfemalesHparatypesMCP 20816UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489SL [mm]25.826.626.025.624.921.621.520.120.120.0In percents of standard lengthBody depth28.728.027.327.928.226.027.528.129.128.4Caudal peduncle depth14.213.114.013.714.413.614.413.614.113.5Predorsal length57.157.756.058.757.760.562.163.762.263.4Prepelvic length49.948.951.551.552.253.453.956.255.858.2Length of dorsal-fin base32.230.529.729.730.525.524.424.026.425.0Length of anal-fin base26.725.524.025.425.920.721.920.322.120.6Caudal-fin length32.728.832.631.132.028.936.034.634.131.1Pectoral-fin length21.720.720.919.122.218.820.019.419.119.5Pelvic-fin length5.05.55.05.64.74.15.14.45.35.2Head length30.930.728.629.630.127.429.829.430.029.9In percents of head lengthHead depth67.866.569.469.570.678.572.775.277.374.9Head width67.366.769.366.669.176.269.574.575.070.9Snout length13.113.112.914.014.614.713.814.213.911.7Lower jaw length26.127.825.226.128.523.822.521.823.122.2Eye diameter32.932.236.935.236.136.535.837.335.236.8
description: Published as part of M., Wilson J. E., 2002, The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species, pp. 18 in Ichthyol Explor. Freshwaters 13 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11130615
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15140492
title: Table 4 in The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species

description: Table 4. Morphometric data for holotype (H) and nine paratypes of Cynopoecilus intimus.
malesfemalesHparatypesMCP 20816UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489UFRJ 4489SL [mm]25.826.626.025.624.921.621.520.120.120.0In percents of standard lengthBody depth28.728.027.327.928.226.027.528.129.128.4Caudal peduncle depth14.213.114.013.714.413.614.413.614.113.5Predorsal length57.157.756.058.757.760.562.163.762.263.4Prepelvic length49.948.951.551.552.253.453.956.255.858.2Length of dorsal-fin base32.230.529.729.730.525.524.424.026.425.0Length of anal-fin base26.725.524.025.425.920.721.920.322.120.6Caudal-fin length32.728.832.631.132.028.936.034.634.131.1Pectoral-fin length21.720.720.919.122.218.820.019.419.119.5Pelvic-fin length5.05.55.05.64.74.15.14.45.35.2Head length30.930.728.629.630.127.429.829.430.029.9In percents of head lengthHead depth67.866.569.469.570.678.572.775.277.374.9Head width67.366.769.366.669.176.269.574.575.070.9Snout length13.113.112.914.014.614.713.814.213.911.7Lower jaw length26.127.825.226.128.523.822.521.823.122.2Eye diameter32.932.236.935.236.136.535.837.335.236.8
description: Published as part of M., Wilson J. E., 2002, The annual fish genus Cynopoecilus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae): taxonomic revision, with descriptions of four new species, pp. 18 in Ichthyol Explor. Freshwaters 13 on page 18, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11130615