cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.57760/sciencedb.j00186.00984
title: Analysis of key factors on the neutron shielding performance for various boron-containing compounds
title: Analysis of key factors on the neutron shielding performance for various boron-containing compounds

description: Boron-containing compounds have gained significant attention as effective additives for enhancing the performance of composite materials. This study systematically investigates the key factors influencing the neutron shielding efficiency of various boron compounds, including mass density, boron content, and boron number density (atoms/nm3 ), to establish guidelines for their optimal selection in radiation shielding applications. The effective removal cross-section (ΣR) for fast neutrons was evaluated using Phy-X and NXcom software, whereas the macroscopic cross-section (Σ) for thermal neutrons was calculated via Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulations and manual computations. The results demonstrate that mass density and boron number density are the dominant factors for fast neutron shielding, with ΣR values ranging from 0.082 cm−1 (KBH4) to 0.225 cm−1 (WB2). For thermal neutrons, the boron number density is the primary determinant of shielding performance, with Σ values of 4070.34 cm−1 for GdB6, 474.67 cm−1 for ZrB12, and 447.37 cm−1 for B4C. Notably, GdB6 exhibits exceptional thermal neutron shielding owing to the high absorption cross-section of 157Gd. These findings provide critical insights for designing advanced shielding materials, emphasizing the synergistic effects of density and boron number density to optimize neutron attenuation.
description: Boron-containing compounds have gained significant attention as effective additives for enhancing the performance of composite materials. This study systematically investigates the key factors influencing the neutron shielding efficiency of various boron compounds, including mass density, boron content, and boron number density (atoms/nm3 ), to establish guidelines for their optimal selection in radiation shielding applications. The effective removal cross-section (ΣR) for fast neutrons was evaluated using Phy-X and NXcom software, whereas the macroscopic cross-section (Σ) for thermal neutrons was calculated via Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulations and manual computations. The results demonstrate that mass density and boron number density are the dominant factors for fast neutron shielding, with ΣR values ranging from 0.082 cm−1 (KBH4) to 0.225 cm−1 (WB2). For thermal neutrons, the boron number density is the primary determinant of shielding performance, with Σ values of 4070.34 cm−1 for GdB6, 474.67 cm−1 for ZrB12, and 447.37 cm−1 for B4C. Notably, GdB6 exhibits exceptional thermal neutron shielding owing to the high absorption cross-section of 157Gd. These findings provide critical insights for designing advanced shielding materials, emphasizing the synergistic effects of density and boron number density to optimize neutron attenuation.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.22c78
title: Data from: The combined effects of body weight support and gait speed on gait related muscle activity: a comparison between walking in the Lokomat exoskeleton and regular treadmill walking

description: Background: For the development of specialized training protocols for
 robot assisted gait training, it is important to understand how the use of
 exoskeletons alters locomotor task demands, and how the nature and
 magnitude of these changes depend on training parameters. Therefore, the
 present study assessed the combined effects of gait speed and body weight
 support (BWS) on muscle activity, and compared these between treadmill
 walking and walking in the Lokomat exoskeleton. Methods: Ten healthy
 participants walked on a treadmill and in the Lokomat, with varying levels
 of BWS (0% and 50% of the participants’ body weight) and gait speed (0.8,
 1.8, and 2.8 km/h), while temporal step characteristics and muscle
 activity from Erector Spinae, Gluteus Medius, Vastus Lateralis, Biceps
 Femoris, Gastrocnemius Medialis, and Tibialis Anterior muscles were
 recorded. Results: The temporal structure of the stepping pattern was
 altered when participants walked in the Lokomat or when BWS was provided
 (i.e. the relative duration of the double support phase was reduced, and
 the single support phase prolonged), but these differences normalized as
 gait speed increased. Alternations in muscle activity were characterized
 by complex interactions between walking conditions and training
 parameters: Differences between treadmill walking and walking in the
 exoskeleton were most prominent at low gait speeds, and speed effects were
 attenuated when BWS was provided. Conclusion: Walking in the Lokomat
 exoskeleton without movement guidance alters the temporal step regulation
 and the neuromuscular control of walking, although the nature and
 magnitude of these effects depend on complex interactions with gait speed
 and BWS. If normative neuromuscular control of gait is targeted during
 training, it is recommended that very low speeds and high levels of BWS
 should be avoided when possible.
description: SPSS data files
 representing Amplitude normalized EMG dataThe data include 6 SPSS
 (*.sav) data files that contain the amplitude normalized EMG amplitudes
 for four phases of the gait cycle (first double support phase (DS1), the
 single support phase (SS), the second doiuble support phase (DS2), and the
 swing phase (SW)) for each of the six muscles that were assessed (Erector
 Spinae (ES), Gluteus Medius (GM), Biceps Femoris (BF), Vastud Lateralis
 (VL), Medial Gastrocnemius (MG), and Tibilis Anterior
 (TA).
DOI: 10.57760/sciencedb.j00186.00987
title: Shielding integral experiment of slab Zr samples based on a D-T neutron source
title: Shielding integral experiment of slab Zr samples based on a D-T neutron source

description: This dataset was obtained from the shielding integral experiment on a pulsed accelerator at China Institute of Atomic Energy. To verify the reliability of the experimental system and data analysis methods, polyethylene was selected as a standard sample for benchmark experimental measurements and corresponding simulation calculations. Since the n–p elastic scattering cross section of hydrogen in polyethylene is internationally recognized as a standard cross section with relatively small nuclear data uncertainties, polyethylene serves as a reference material for validating the experimental system. Leakage neutron time-of-flight spectra were acquired at equivalent angles of 47°, 61°, and 79°, providing a basis for assessing the reliability of the natural zirconium experimental data.
description: This dataset was obtained from the shielding integral experiment on a pulsed accelerator at China Institute of Atomic Energy. To verify the reliability of the experimental system and data analysis methods, polyethylene was selected as a standard sample for benchmark experimental measurements and corresponding simulation calculations. Since the n–p elastic scattering cross section of hydrogen in polyethylene is internationally recognized as a standard cross section with relatively small nuclear data uncertainties, polyethylene serves as a reference material for validating the experimental system. Leakage neutron time-of-flight spectra were acquired at equivalent angles of 47°, 61°, and 79°, providing a basis for assessing the reliability of the natural zirconium experimental data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.83fs0
title: Data from: Genomic regions repeatedly involved in divergence among plant-specialized pea aphid biotypes

description: Understanding the genetic bases of biological diversification is a
 long-standing goal in evolutionary biology. Here we investigate whether
 replicated cases of adaptive divergence involve the same genomic regions
 in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, a large complex of genetically
 differentiated biotypes, each specialized on different species of legumes.
 A previous study identified genomic regions putatively involved in
 host-plant adaptation and/or reproductive isolation by performing a
 hierarchical genome scan in three biotypes. This led to the identification
 of 11 FST outliers among 390 polymorphic microsatellite markers. In this
 study, the outlier status of these 11 loci was assessed in eight biotypes
 specialized on other host plants. Four of the 11 previously identified
 outliers showed greater genetic differentiation among these additional
 biotypes than expected under the null hypothesis of neutral evolution
 (α&lt;0.01). Whether these hotspots of genomic divergence result from
 adaptive events, intrinsic barriers or reduced recombination is discussed.
description: Multi_Locus_Genotypes_Nouhaudetal2014Excel sheet containing the genotypes of 186 diploïd individuals (in rows) for 23 microsatellite loci (in columns) along with biotype information. Pea aphids were sampled in late August 2011 within a 30 km-diameter location in Eastern France. Please refer to the publication for marker information (outlier status).
DOI: 10.57760/sciencedb.j00186.00988
title: Theoretical calculation dataset for the study of the p\bar{Omega} system
title: Theoretical calculation dataset for the study of the p\bar{Omega} system

description: The dataset contains the main data for the study of the p\bar{Omega} system, as follows:1. Folder "phase shift": Low-energy scattering phase shift of the p\bar{Omega} system. The energy and wave function of the p\bar{Omega} system are obtained under the quark delocalization color-screening model (QDCSM), and then the low-energy scattering phase shift of the p\bar{Omega} system is obtained using the Kohn-Hulthen-Kato(KHK) variational method.2. Folder "potential": Interaction potential energy between p and \bar{Omega}. Using the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko method (GLM), the interaction potential energy between p and \bar{Omega} is extracted from the scattering phase shift.3. Folder "correlation function": Correlation function of p\bar{Omega}. Substitute the potential energy between p and \bar{Omega} into the Koonin-Pratt (KP) formula to obtain the correlation function of p\bar{Omega}.4. Files "phase shift.opju" and "correlation function.opju" are the images of the interaction potential energy, scattering phase shift, and correlation function, respectively.
description: The dataset contains the main data for the study of the p\bar{Omega} system, as follows:1. Folder "phase shift": Low-energy scattering phase shift of the p\bar{Omega} system. The energy and wave function of the p\bar{Omega} system are obtained under the quark delocalization color-screening model (QDCSM), and then the low-energy scattering phase shift of the p\bar{Omega} system is obtained using the Kohn-Hulthen-Kato(KHK) variational method.2. Folder "potential": Interaction potential energy between p and \bar{Omega}. Using the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko method (GLM), the interaction potential energy between p and \bar{Omega} is extracted from the scattering phase shift.3. Folder "correlation function": Correlation function of p\bar{Omega}. Substitute the potential energy between p and \bar{Omega} into the Koonin-Pratt (KP) formula to obtain the correlation function of p\bar{Omega}.4. Files "phase shift.opju" and "correlation function.opju" are the images of the interaction potential energy, scattering phase shift, and correlation function, respectively.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.93463
title: Data from: Female sociality and sexual conflict shape offspring survival in a Neotropical primate

description: Most mammals live in social groups in which members form differentiated
 social relationships. Individuals may vary in their degree of sociality,
 and this variation can be associated with differential fitness. In some
 species, for example, female sociality has a positive effect on infant
 survival. However, investigations of such cases are still rare, and no
 previous study has considered how male infanticide might constrain effects
 of female sociality on infant survival. Infanticide is part of the male
 reproductive strategy in many mammals, and it has the potential to
 override, or even reverse, effects of female reproductive strategies,
 including sociality. Therefore, we investigated the relationships between
 female sociality, offspring survival, and infanticide risk in wild
 white-faced capuchin monkeys using long-term data from Santa Rosa, Costa
 Rica. Female capuchins formed differentiated bonds, and bond strength was
 predicted by kin relationship, rank difference, and the presence of female
 infants. Most females formed stable bonds with their top social partners,
 although bond stability varied considerably. Offspring of highly social
 females, who were often high-ranking females, exhibited higher
 survivorship during stable periods compared with offspring of less social
 females. However, offspring of highly social females were more likely to
 die or disappear during periods of alpha male replacements, probably
 because new alpha males are central to the group, and therefore more
 likely to target the infants of highly social, central females. This study
 shows that female sociality in mammals can have negative fitness
 consequences that are imposed by male behavior.
description: Kalbitzer_et_al_capuchin_sociality_dyadic_datadata set - dyadic dataKalbitzer_et_al_capuchin_sociality_infant_datadata set - infant data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fr34t
title: Data from: Hartree–Fock implementation using a Laguerre-based wave function for the ground state and correlation energies of two-electron atoms

description: An implementation of the Hartree–Fock (HF) method using a Laguerre-based
 wave function is described and used to accurately study the ground state
 of two-electron atoms in the fixed nucleus approximation, and by
 comparison with fully correlated (FC) energies, used to determine accurate
 electron correlation energies. A variational parameter A is included in
 the wave function and is shown to rapidly increase the convergence of the
 energy. The one-electron integrals are solved by series solution and an
 analytical form is found for the two-electron integrals. This methodology
 is used to produce accurate wave functions, energies and expectation
 values for the helium isoelectronic sequence, including at low nuclear
 charge just prior to electron detachment. Additionally, the critical
 nuclear charge for binding two electrons within the HF approach is
 calculated and determined to be ZHFC=1.031 177 528.
description: A Maple script
 containing all the HF wavefunctionsA Maple file containing
 20-term Laguerre-based HF wavefunctions for the helium iso-electronic
 sequence, Z = 1 to 18, and for the Z_critical systems (ZC_FC and ZC_HF,
 see main paper for details)HF_wavefunctions_final.mw
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1cb8j
title: Data from: Metabolic rate associates with, but does not generate covariation between, behaviours in western stutter-trilling crickets, Gryllus integer

description: The causes and consequences of among-individual variation and covariation
 in behaviours are of substantial interest to behavioural ecology, but the
 proximate mechanisms underpinning this (co)variation are still unclear.
 Previous research suggests metabolic rate as a potential proximate
 mechanism to explain behavioural covariation. We measured the resting
 metabolic rate (RMR), boldness and exploration in western stutter-trilling
 crickets, Gryllus integer, selected differentially for short and fast
 development over two generations. After applying mixed-effects models to
 reveal the sign of the covariation, we applied structural equation models
 to an individual-level covariance matrix to examine whether the RMR
 generates covariation between the measured behaviours. All traits showed
 among-individual variation and covariation: RMR and boldness were
 positively correlated, RMR and exploration were negatively correlated, and
 boldness and exploration were negatively correlated. However, the RMR was
 not a causal factor generating covariation between boldness and
 exploration. Instead, the covariation between all three traits was
 explained by another, unmeasured mechanism. The selection lines differed
 from each other in all measured traits and significantly affected the
 covariance matrix structure between the traits, suggesting that there is a
 genetic component in the trait integration. Our results emphasize that
 interpretations made solely from the correlation matrix might be
 misleading.
description: Cricket-full data Proc R
 Soc B
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8858
title: Data from: Epistasis buffers the fitness effects of rifampicin-resistance mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

description: Epistatic interactions between resistance mutations in antibiotic-free
 environments potentially play a crucial role in the spread of resistance
 in pathogen populations by determining the fitness cost associated with
 resistance. We used an experimental evolution approach to test for
 epistatic interactions between 14 different pairs of rifampicin mutations
 in the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 42 different
 rifampicin-free environments. First, we show that epistasis between
 rifampicin-resistance mutations tends to be antagonistic: the fitness
 effect of having two mutations is generally smaller than that predicted
 from the effects of individual mutations on the wild type. Second, we show
 that sign epistasis between resistance mutations is both common and
 strong; most notably, pairs of deleterious resistance mutations often
 partially or completely compensate for each others' costs, revealing
 a novel mechanism for compensatory adaptation. These results suggest that
 antagonistic epistasis between intragenic resistance mutations may be a
 key determinant of the cost of antibiotic resistance and compensatory
 adaptation in pathogen populations.
description: Epistasis_KBEpistasis data for 14 rifampicin-resistant double mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in nutrient-rich KB growth media. Column headers described in the readme file.Epistasis_BIOLOGEpistasis data for 14 rifampicin-resistant double mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 41 different single-carbon source (BIOLOG) environments. Column headers described in the readme file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h29r7
title: Data from: Effects of climate on reproductive investment in a masting species: assessment of climatic predictors and underlying mechanisms

description: 1. Mechanisms by which climatic factors drive reproductive investment and
 phenology in masting species are not completely understood. Climatic
 conditions may act as a proximate cue, stimulating the onset of
 reproduction and indirectly increasing fitness through benefits associated
 with synchronous reproduction among individuals. Alternatively, climatic
 conditions may directly influence individual level allocation to
 reproduction and reproductive success through effects occurring
 independently of synchronous reproduction. We previously showed that
 masting in a ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) population was strongly
 influenced by spring mean temperature two years before seed cone
 maturation (Ti-2). However, recent work shows that the difference in
 temperature between previous growing seasons (ΔT) is more predictive of
 reproductive investment in long-lived tree species. 2. Here we compared
 four candidate models that predict seed cone production in P. ponderosa
 based upon different climatic factors (including Ti-2 and ΔT models).
 After determining the best climatic predictor, we tested for a potential
 mechanism by which climate might directly influence seed cone production
 independent of benefits via synchrony, namely effects of temperature on
 trade-offs between current and past reproduction (determined by underlying
 resource availability). 3. We found that Ti-2 (rather than ΔT) was the
 best predictor of seed cone production. We further show that this same
 climatic factor exerts a direct fitness benefit to individuals by reducing
 the strength of trade-offs between current and past reproductive efforts.
 4. Synthesis: We demonstrate that a single climatic factor provides
 fitness benefits to individuals directly, by weakening reproductive
 trade-offs, and indirectly through the benefits associated with synchrony
 and masting. This suggests a mechanism for the origin and maintenance of
 masting: individuals initially respond to climatic cues that directly
 enhance reproduction (e.g. lower reproductive costs through weakened
 trade-offs) and this dynamic, expressed across multiple individuals,
 reinforces these benefits through the economies of scale associated with
 synchrony and masting.
description: Climatic predictors of
 mastingMoreira-JEcol-2015-data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.74440
title: Data from: Molecular patterns of introgression in a classic hybrid zone between the Australian tree frogs, Litoria ewingii and L. paraewingi: Evidence of a tension zone

description: Hybrid zones provide a rare opportunity to explore the processes involved
 in reproductive isolation and speciation. The southern hybrid zone between
 the southeastern Australian tree frogs Litoria ewingii and L. paraewingi
 has been comprehensively studied over the last 40 years, primarily using
 reproductive compatibility experiments and male advertisement calls. We
 used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and eight nuclear microsatellite markers to
 characterize this hybrid zone along a historically studied transect and to
 test various dispersal-dependent and dispersal-independent hybrid zone
 models. The species are genetically distinct and the level of
 hybridization within the contact zone is low, with the majority of admixed
 individuals representing later-generation hybrids. Based on previous
 experimental genetic compatibility studies, we predicted that hybrids with
 L. paraewingi mtDNA would be more frequent than hybrids with L. ewingii
 mtDNA. Surprisingly, a greater proportion of the identified hybrids had L.
 ewingii mtDNA. Geographical cline analyses showed a sharp transition in
 allele frequencies across the transect, and both the mtDNA and
 microsatellite data showed concordant cline centres, but were best
 supported by a model that allowed width to vary. Overall, the L.
 ewingii–L. paraewingi hybrid zone is best characterized as a tension zone,
 due to the narrow cline width, concordant genetic clines and low levels of
 hybridization.
description: Genotype
 dataGeneotype data from
 samples collected along the Glenburn transect. Field number - individual,
 Site number - corresponds with Figure 1, Cline distance - distance along
 the transect and used in cline analysis, mtDNA - mtDNA identity as
 determined from RFLP, MS - Le=L. ewingii, Lp=L. paraewingi, Hyb=hybrid as
 determined from Structure analysis, YrCollected - year sample was
 collected, Le1-Le8 - genotype data from microsatellite
 loci.DryadData_MolEcol.txt