DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5xd
title: Rapid positive response of young trees growth to warming reverses nitrogen loss from subtropical soil

description: Global warming is widely expected to alter nitrogen (N) cycling in
 terrestrial ecosystems by accelerating N transformations in soils.
 However, it is unclear how warming will affect plant–soil N cycling in
 subtropical ecosystems. Here, we measured the N transformations including
 net ammoniation, nitrification, nitrous oxide emissions, and nitrate in
 soil solution throughout the plant–soil continuum with two years of
 experimental soil warming (+5 °C) in a young subtropical Chinese fir
 mesocosm. Seasonal variations of soil and plant (foliage and root) N
 concentrations and isotopes (δ15N), foliar water use efficiency, and
 arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization rate were measured. Soil warming
 significantly increased net ammoniation and nitrification of the soil,
 together with the transient positive response observed in inorganic N of
 the soil. Warming increased nitrate N fluxes in soil solution and nitrous
 oxide emissions in the first year but not in the second year, suggesting N
 losses through leaching and gaseous in the initial period of warming.
 Warming primarily induced enrichment of 15N in foliage relative to the
 soil, which was attributed to the trade-offs of persistent increases in
 plant N uptake caused by enhanced tree growth and a decrease in N losses
 with continuous warming. Warming significantly increased arbuscular
 mycorrhizal colonization and foliar water use efficiency throughout the
 warming period. These results suggest that young trees’ growth and N
 uptake can rapidly acclimate to warming by mechanisms including increases
 in plant water use efficiency and mycorrhizal colonization. Our findings
 highlight that warming accelerates the plant–soil N cycle and promotes
 young trees’ growth and N uptake, which in turn reduces soil N lost from
 this subtropical ecosystem. Therefore, our study suggests that the
 competition for N between plants and microbes governs whether subtropical
 forests are opened or closed N cycle systems under climate warming. We
 highlight that young trees can still maintain their high productivity in
 facing future climate warming since warming can improve plant N uptake and
 reduce N loss from subtropical ecosystems. 
description: * File name：README_Dataset * Title of Dataset: Data from: Rapid positive
 response of young trees growth to warming reverses nitrogen loss from
 subtropical forest soils * Dataset DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5xd * Authors:
 Maokui Lyu * Email: &lt;228lmk@163.com&gt; * Address: num. 32 in Qishan
 Road, Fujian Normal University, Minhou country, Fuzhou, 350007. * Other
 contributors: Shidong Chen, Qiufang Zhang, Zhijie Yang, Jinsheng Xie*,
 Chao Wang, Xiaohong Wang, Xiaofei Liu, Decheng Xiong, Chao Xu, Weisheng
 Lin, Guangshui Chen, Yuehmin Chen*, Yusheng Yang * Organization: Fujian
 Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School
 of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University. * Date created:
 2024-01-28 *Contributor ORCID IDs * Maokui Lyu:
 * Acknowledgements * Funding
 sources: The research was funded by the National Natural Science
 Foundation of China (No. 31930071, 32192433, and 32001169) Methodological
 Information * Methods of data collection/generation: see article for
 details * Geographic locations of data collection: Sanming, Fujian, China
 Description of the data and file structure * This dataset has one EXCEL.
 xlsx file with 9 sheets supporting the figures in the article. *
 Description of the treatment There are two treatments in this dataset:
 Control, Warming treatment *For abbreviations of variables in the sheet
 named Figure 1a | Abbreviation | Description | Units | |
 :------------------ | :----------------------------- | :---- | | Average
 Temperature | Daily averaged air temperature | ℃ | | Rainfall | Daily
 rainfall | mm | *For abbreviations of variables in the sheet named Figure
 1b | Abbreviation | Description | Units | | :-------------------------- |
 :------------------------------------------------------ | :---- | | Soil
 Temperature in control | Daily averaged soil temperature in Control
 treatment | ℃ | | Soil Temperature in Warmed | Daily averaged soil
 temperature in Warming treatment | ℃ | | △Temperature | The temperature
 differences between Control and Warming | ℃ | *For abbreviations of
 variables in the sheet named Figure 1c | Abbreviation | Description |
 Units | | :----------------------- |
 :--------------------------------------------------- | :---- | | Soil
 Moisture in control | Daily averaged soil moisture in Control treatment |
 % | | Soil Moisture in Warmed | Daily averaged soil moisture in Warming
 treatment | % | | △Moisture | The moisture differences between Control and
 Warming | % | *For abbreviations of variables in the sheet named Figure 2
 | Abbreviation | Description | Units | | :----------- |
 :---------------------------- | :------- | | Control | Ambient temperature
 treatment | unitless | | Warmed | Soil warming treatment | unitless | | se
 | Standard Error of treatments | unitless | Details: The units for Net
 ammoniation and nitrification is ug N g-1 resin d-1; the units for N2O
 emission is ug N m-2 h-1; the units for fluxes of NO3- in soil solution is
 mg. *For abbreviations of variables in the sheet named Figure 3 |
 Abbreviation | Description | Units | | :----------- |
 :---------------------------- | :------- | | Control | Ambient temperature
 treatment | unitless | | Warmed | Soil warming treatment | unitless | | se
 | Standard Error of treatments | unitless | | NH4+-N | ammonium nitrogen |
 mg kg-1 | | NO3- | nitrate | mg kg-1 | | DON | dissolved organic nitrogen
 | mg kg-1 | | MBN | microbial biomass nitrogen | mg kg-1 | Details: The
 units for all indexs are the same, that is mg kg-1. *For abbreviations of
 variables in the sheet named Figure 4 | Abbreviation | Description | Units
 | | :----------- | :---------------------------- | :------- | | Control |
 Ambient temperature treatment | unitless | | Warmed | Soil warming
 treatment | unitless | | Foliar N | Foliar nitrogen content | g kg-1 | |
 Foliar δ15N | 15N abundance in leaf | ‰ | | Soil N | Soil nitrogen content
 | g kg-1 | | Soil δ15N | 15N abundance in soil | ‰ | | Root N | Root
 nitrogen content | g kg-1 | | Root δ15N | 15N abundance in root | ‰ | *For
 abbreviations of variables in the sheet named Figure 5 | Abbreviation |
 Description | Units | | :--------------------- |
 :----------------------------------------------------- |
 :------------------------------------- | | NAG |
 β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase | nmol ug-1 microbial biomass carbon h-1 | |
 AMF | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi | nmol g-1 soil | | Mycorrihiza
 Colonation | The colonation rate of arbuscular mycorrhizal in roots | % |
 | Control | Ambient temperature treatment | unitless | | Warmed | Soil
 warming treatment | unitless | | se | Standard Error | unitless | *For
 abbreviations of variables in the sheet named Figure 6a | Abbreviation |
 Description | Units | | :----------- |
 :------------------------------------ | :--------- | | Foliar iWUE |
 foliar intrinsic water use efficiency | umol mol-1 | | Control | Ambient
 temperature treatment | unitless | | Warmed | Soil warming treatment |
 unitless | | se | Standard Error | unitless | *For abbreviations of
 variables in the sheet named Figure 6b | Abbreviation | Description |
 Units | | :----------- | :------------------------------- | :------- | |
 Control | Tree height in control treatment | cm | | Warmed | Tree height
 in warming treatment | cm | | se | Standard Error | unitless | Details:
 The data is for each year after warming. Description of the 'Sampling
 time' for each sheet We sampled the gas samples every month, and
 sampled soil samples seasonally.