cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p7q8t15
title: Data from: Association of orthostatic hypotension with incident dementia, stroke, and cognitive decline

description: Objective: To examine associations between orthostatic hypotension (OH)
 with dementia and long-term cognitive decline, and update previously
 published results in the same cohort for stroke with an additional 16
 years of follow-up. Methods: We analyzed data from 11709 participants
 without a history of coronary heart disease or stroke who attended the
 baseline exam (1987-1989) of the prospective Atherosclerosis Risk in
 Communities (ARIC) study. OH was defined as a drop in systolic blood
 pressure (BP) of at least 20 mmHg or a drop in diastolic BP of at least 10
 mmHg, upon standing. Dementia was ascertained via examination, contact
 with participants or their proxy, or medical record surveillance. Ischemic
 stroke was ascertained via cohort-surveillance of hospitalizations, cohort
 follow-up, and linkage with registries. Both outcomes were adjudicated.
 Cognitive function was ascertained via three neuropsychological tests
 administered in 1990-1992, 1996-1998, and a full battery of tests in
 2011-2013. Scores were summarized and reported as standard deviations
 (SDs). We used adjusted Cox regression and linear mixed models. Results:
 Over approximately 25 years, 1068 developed dementia and 842 participants
 had an ischemic stroke. Compared to persons without OH at baseline, those
 with OH had a higher risk of dementia (HR=1.54, 95% CI 1.20-1.97) and
 ischemic stroke (HR=2.08, 95% CI:1.65-2.62). Persons with OH had greater,
 though non-significant, cognitive decline over 20 years (SD=0.09, 95%
 CI:-0.02-0.21). Conclusions: OH assessed in midlife was independently
 associated with incident dementia and ischemic stroke. Additional studies
 are needed to elucidate potential mechanisms for these associations and
 possible applications for prevention.
description: Supplement
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r8bj6
title: Data from: Does the niche-breadth or trade-off hypothesis explain the abundance-occupancy relationship in avian haemosporidia?

description: Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the abundance-occupancy
 relationship (AOR) in parasites. The niche-breadth hypothesis suggests
 that host generalists are more abundant and efficient at colonizing
 different host communities than specialists. The trade-off hypothesis
 argues that host specialists achieve high density across their hosts’
 ranges, whereas generalists incur the high cost of adaptation to diverse
 immuno-defense systems. We tested these hypotheses using 386
 haemosporidian cytochrome-b lineages (1894 sequences) recovered from 2318
 birds of 103 species sampled in NW Africa, NW Iberia, W Greater Caucasus,
 and Transcaucasia. The number of regions occupied by lineages was
 associated with their frequency suggesting the presence of AOR in avian
 Haemosporidia. However, neither hypothesis provided a better explanation
 for the AOR. Although, the host-generalist Plasmodium SGS1 was over 3
 times more abundant than other widespread lineages, both host specialists
 and generalists were successful in colonizing all study regions and
 achieved overall high prevalence.
description: Tested
 birdsBirds were sampled in
 the wild in four biogeographic regions (Region): NWA - Northwest Africa,
 NWI - Northwest Iberia, TRC - Transcaucasia, WGC - Western Greater
 Caucasus. Bird ID is the unique identifier for each bird sampled. Repeated
 bird IDs indicate multiple infections in the same bird. Date is when the
 sample was taken in the field. Parasite lineage is a unique identifier and
 'none' indicates that no haemosporidian parasite lineages were
 found. Please see the original article for details of
 methods.Haemosporidian lineages
 FASTAThe data file is a FASTA
 alignment of unique haemosporidian lineages identified in the bird
 samples. The name of each lineage corresponds to the parasite lineage
 identifier used in the manuscript and associated files. Lineages are
 identified to genus when species identification was not
 possible.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c6500
title: Data from: Context-dependent changes in motor control and kinematics during locomotion: modulation and decoupling

description: Successful locomotion through complex, heterogeneous environments requires
 the muscles that power locomotion to function effectively under a wide
 variety of conditions. Although considerable data exist on how animals
 modulate both kinematics and motor pattern when confronted with
 orientation (i.e. incline) demands, little is known about the modulation
 of muscle function in response to changes in structural demands like
 substrate diameter, compliance and texture. Here, we used high-speed
 videography and electromyography to examine how substrate incline and
 perch diameter affected the kinematics and muscle function of both the
 forelimb and hindlimb in the green anole (Anolis carolinensis).
 Surprisingly, we found a decoupling of the modulation of kinematics and
 motor activity, with kinematics being more affected by perch diameter than
 by incline, and muscle function being more affected by incline than by
 perch diameter. Also, muscle activity was most stereotyped on the broad,
 vertical condition, suggesting that, despite being classified as a
 trunk-crown ecomorph, this species may prefer trunks. These data emphasize
 the complex interactions between the processes that underlie animal
 movement and the importance of examining muscle function when considering
 both the evolution of locomotion and the impacts of ecology on function.
description: Foster and Higham 2014 -
 public kinematic and emg dataThis excel file contains
 three sheets of data. The first sheet, "kinematic variables",
 contains joint angles and angular velocities, as well as additional
 variable such as duty factor and body velocity. The second sheet,
 "emg variables", contains pertinent muscle activity variables
 relating to the relative timing and magnitude of bursts of activity. The
 third sheet, "total stance RIA", contains data for the total
 recruitment of the muscles during stance phase. For all sheets, data
 include all strides from each trial, treatment, and individual for all
 variables that were used for calculations and statistical analyses in the
 accompanying manuscript. Column names are commented to include units or to
 describe column content. Please contact the authors for additional
 data.Foster and Higham 2014 -
 public video filesThis excel file contains
 the filenames of all video files related to the content of the
 accompanying manuscript. Information related to the treatment and number
 of strides in each video are also included. Please contact the authors for
 access to the videos.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j803j
title: Data from: The influence of landscape configuration and environment on population genetic structure in a sedentary passerine: insights from loci located in different genomic regions

description: The study of the factors structuring genetic variation can help to infer
 the neutral and adaptive processes shaping the demographic and
 evolutionary trajectories of natural populations. Here, we analyse the
 role of isolation-by distance (IBD), isolation-by-resistance (IBR, defined
 by landscape composition), and isolation by environment (IBE, estimated as
 habitat and elevation dissimilarity) in structuring genetic variation of
 25 blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) populations. We typed 1385 individuals
 at 26 microsatellite loci classified in two groups by considering whether
 they are located into genomic regions that are actively (TL; 12 loci) or
 not (NTL; 14 loci) transcribed to RNA. Population genetic differentiation
 was mostly detected using the panel of NTL. Landscape genetic analyses
 showed a pattern of IBD for all loci and the panel of NTL, but genetic
 differentiation estimated at TL was only explained by IBR models
 considering high resistance for natural vegetation and low resistance for
 agricultural lands. Finally, the absence for IBE suggests a lack of
 divergent selection pressures associated with differences in habitat and
 elevation. Overall, our study shows that markers located in different
 genomic regions can yield contrasting inferences on landscape-level
 patterns of realised gene flow in natural populations.
description: "This file contains
 the genotypes for 26 microsatellite loci and 1385 individuals collected in
 25 populations of blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)"Data file contains
 genotyping of 1385 individuals at 26 microsatellite loci classified in two
 groups by considering whether they are located into genomic regions that
 are actively (TL; 12 loci: Cca-Tgu28, PIJ14, Tg05-053, Tg05-046, CcaTgu15,
 Tg13-017, CcaTgu19, CcaTgu11, CcaTgu8, Tgu07, CcaTgu14, CcaTgu7) or not
 (NTL; 14 loci: PK11, Pca3, Pca9, Pocc1, Pocc6, Pat-mp2-43, PK12, Ase18,
 Pdo5, Pca7, Pca4, Pca2, Mcyμ4, Pca8) transcribed to RNA. These individuals
 were captured in 25 populations located in fragmented woodlands scattered
 within an area of 1200 km2 in Montes de Toledo, central of
 Spain.MicrosatelliteDataCyanistesCaeruleus.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qg54c627
title: Data from: The polypill in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: cost-effectiveness in the Dutch population

description: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to estimate the
 cost-effectiveness of the polypill in the primary prevention of
 cardiovascular disease. DESIGN: A health economic modeling study. SETTING:
 Primary health care in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS: Simulated
 individuals from the general Dutch population, aged 45-75 years of age.
 INTERVENTIONS: Opportunistic screening followed by prescription of the
 polypill to eligible individuals. Eligibility was defined as having a
 minimum 10-year risk of cardiovascular death as assessed with the SCORE
 function of alternatively 5%, 7.5%, or 10%. Different versions of the
 polypill were considered, depending on composition: 1) the Indian polycap,
 with three different types of blood pressure lowering drugs, a statin, and
 aspirin; 2) as 1) but without aspirin; 3) as 2) but with a double statin
 dose. In addition, a scenario of (targeted) separate antihypertensive
 and/or statin medication was simulated. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Cases of
 acute myocardial infarction or stroke prevented, QALYs gained, and the
 costs per QALY gained. All interventions were compared with usual care.
 RESULTS: All scenarios were cost-effective with an incremental
 cost-effectiveness ratio between €7,900-12,300 per QALY compared with
 usual care. Most health gains were achieved with the polypill without
 aspirin and containing a double dose of statins. With a 10-year risk of
 7.5% as threshold, this pill would prevent approximately 3.5% of all
 cardiovascular events. CONCLUSIONS: Opportunistic screening based on
 global cardiovascular risk assessment followed by polypill prescription to
 those with increased risk offers a cost-effective strategy. Most health
 gain is achieved by the polypill without aspirin and a double statin dose.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.35db6
title: Data from: Social inequality and infant health in the UK: systematic review and meta-analyses

description: OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between area and individual
 measures of social disadvantage and infant health in the United Kingdom
 (UK). DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analyses. DATA SOURCES: 26
 databases and web sites, reference lists, experts in the field and
 hand-searching. STUDY SELECTION: 36 prospective and retrospective
 observational studies with socio-economic data and health outcomes for
 infants in the UK, published from 1994 to May 2011. DATA EXTRACTION AND
 SYNTHESIS: Two independent reviewers assessed the methodological quality
 of the studies and abstracted data. Where possible, study outcomes were
 reported as odds ratios for the highest versus the lowest deprivation
 quintile. RESULTS: In relation to the highest versus lowest area
 deprivation quintiles the odds of adverse birth outcomes were 1.81 (1.71
 to 1.92) for low birth weight, 1.67 (1.42 to 1.96) for premature birth and
 1.54 (1.39 to 1.72) for still birth. For infant mortality rates the odds
 ratios were 1.72 (1.37 to 2.15) overall, 1.61 (1.08 to 2.39) for neonatal
 and 2.31 (2.03 to 2.64) for post-neonatal mortality. For lowest versus
 highest social class, the odds were 1.79 (1.71 to 1.92) for premature
 birth, 1.52 (1.44 to 1.61) for overall infant mortality, 1.42 (1.33
 to1.51) for neonatal and 1.69 (1.53 to 1.87) for post-neonatal mortality.
 There are similar patterns for other infant health outcomes with the
 possible exception of failure to thrive, where there is no clear
 association. CONCLUSIONS: This review quantifies the influence of social
 disadvantage on infant outcomes in the UK. The magnitude of effect is
 similar across a range of area and individual deprivation measures and
 birth and mortality outcomes. Further research should explore the factors
 that are more proximal to mothers and infants, to help throw light on the
 most appropriate times to provide support and the form(s) that this
 support should take.
description: Weightman 2012 social
 determinants of infant health_data extraction & critical appraisal
 formsData extraction and
 critical appraisal information for the 36 research papers included in the
 review
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3tn08
title: Data from: Fatal diseases and parasitoids: from competition to facilitation in a shared host.

description: Diverse parasite taxa share hosts both at the population level and within
 individual hosts and their interactions, ranging from competitive
 exclusion to facilitation, can drive community structure and dynamics.
 Emergent pathogens have the potential to greatly alter community
 interactions. We found that an emergent fungal entomopathogen dominated
 pre-existing lethal parasites in populations of the forest defoliating
 gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. The parasite community was composed of the
 fungus and four parasitoid species that only develop successfully after
 they kill the host, and a virus that produces viable propagules before the
 host has died. A low density site was sampled over 17 years and compared
 with 66 sites across a range of host densities, including outbreaks. The
 emergent fungal pathogen and competing parasitoids rarely co-infected host
 individuals because each taxa must kill its host. The virus was not
 present at low host densities, but successfully co-infected with all other
 parasite species. In fact there was facilitation between the virus and one
 parasitoid species hosting a polydnavirus. This newly formed parasite
 community, altered by an emergent pathogen, is shaped both by parasite
 response to host density and relative abilities of parasites to co-inhabit
 the same host individuals.
description: Data from: Fatal
 diseases and parasitoids: from competition to facilitation in a shared
 hostThere are two data files
 in excel format. The first is the data from the outbreak prone region
 (samples from 66 sites during 1 year). The second is from the long term
 site (a single site sampled over 17 years).RSPB-2016-0154.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rk4jp
title: Data from: The role of life history traits in mammalian invasion success

description: Why some organisms become invasive when introduced into novel regions
 while others fail to even establish is a fundamental question in ecology.
 Barriers to success are expected to filter species at each stage along the
 invasion pathway. No study to date, however, has investigated how species
 traits associate with success from introduction to spread at a large
 spatial scale in any group. Using the largest data set of mammalian
 introductions at the global scale and recently developed phylogenetic
 comparative methods, we show that human-mediated introductions
 considerably bias which species have the opportunity to become invasive,
 as highly productive mammals with longer reproductive lifespans are far
 more likely to be introduced. Subsequently, greater reproductive output
 and higher introduction effort are associated with success at both the
 establishment and spread stages. High productivity thus supports
 population growth and invasion success, with barriers at each invasion
 stage filtering species with progressively greater fecundity.
description: Alien
 mammalsThe data file contains
 data on the status of alien (non-native) mammalian species at the global
 scale from introduction to spread, number of unique introduction locations
 for all introduced species, and mean life history traits for all species.
 The README file provides the basic details on the variables in the
 datafile. Full details on the protocol for the extraction of the data from
 the literature, classification of the species, and references underling
 the data can be found in the Supplementary Information file of the Ecology
 Letters paper (for details on the data collection: SI, Section 1.1; for
 additional data references: SI, 4.2).Capellini et
 al_EcolLett_Invasive mammals_DATA.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tf6r4
title: Data from: Trace DNA from insect skins: a comparison of five extraction protocols and direct PCR on chironomid pupal exuviae

description: Insect skins (exuviae) are of extracellular origin and shed during
 moulting. The skins do not contain cells or DNA themselves, but epithelial
 cells and other cell-based structures might accidentally attach as they
 are shed. This source of trace DNA can be sufficient for PCR amplification
 and sequencing of target genes and aid in species identification through
 DNA barcoding or association of unknown life stages. Species
 identification is essential for biomonitoring programs, as species vary in
 sensitivities to environmental factors. However, it requires a DNA
 isolation protocol that optimizes the output of target DNA. Here, we
 compare the relative effectiveness of five different DNA extraction
 protocols and direct PCR in isolation of DNA from chironomid pupal
 exuviae. Chironomidae (Diptera) is a species-rich group of aquatic
 macroinvertebrates widely distributed in freshwater environments and
 considered a valuable bioindicator of water quality. Genomic DNA was
 extracted from 61.2% of 570 sampled pupal exuviae. There were significant
 differences in the methods with regard to cost, handling time, DNA
 quantity, PCR success, sequence success and the ability to sequence target
 taxa. The NucleoSpin® Tissue XS Kit, DNeasy® Blood and Tissue kit, and
 QuickExtract™ DNA Extraction Solution provided the best results in
 isolating DNA from single pupal exuviae. Direct PCR and DTAB/CTAB methods
 gave poor results. While the observed differences in DNA isolation methods
 on trace DNA will be relevant to research that focuses on aquatic
 macroinvertebrate ecology, taxonomy and systematics, they should also be
 of interest for studies using environmental barcoding and metabarcoding of
 aquatic environments.
description: Norway Chironomidae
 Pupal Exuviae Specimen DataSpecimen data for
 Chironomidae pupal exuviae voucher specimens submitted to the NTNU
 University Museum.Norway_Chironomidae_Pex_Specimen_Data.xlsDNA quantity dataDNA quantity data organized by DNA extraction method associated with individual chironomid pupal exuviae DNA extract samples.Handling time, PCR success, Sequence success, and Target sequence success dataHandling time, PCR success, sequence success, and target sequence success for chironomid pupal exuviae samples.R code associated with Table 4R code associated with Table 4
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sd370
title: Data from: A simple behavioral model predicts the emergence of complex animal hierarchies

description: Social dominance hierarchies are widespread, but little is known about the
 mechanisms that produce non-linear structures. In addition to despotic
 hierarchies, where a single individual dominates, shared hierarchies exist
 where multiple individuals occupy a single rank. In vertebrates, these
 complex dominance relationships are thought to develop from interactions
 that require higher cognition, but similar cases of shared dominance have
 been found in social insects. Combining empirical observations with a
 modeling approach, we show that all three hierarchy structures-linear,
 despotic, and shared-can emerge from different combinations of simple
 interactions present in social insects. Our model shows that a linear
 hierarchy emerges when a typical winner-loser interaction (dominance
 biting) is present. A despotic hierarchy emerges when a policing
 interaction is added that results in the complete loss of dominance status
 for an attacked individual (physical policing). Finally, a shared
 hierarchy emerges with the addition of a "winner-winner"
 interaction that results in a positive outcome for both interactors
 (antennal dueling). Antennal dueling is an enigmatic ant behavior that has
 previously lacked a functional explanation. These results show how complex
 social traits can emerge from simple behaviors without requiring advanced
 cognition.
description: Behavioral and model
 dataIt contains two data
 sets: behavioral and model data.data.zip
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17875100
title: Southern Ocean Phytoplankton Functional Types and Size-Class Diversity Matchup Data

description: This dataset contains both CSV and NetCDF (NC) files:



CSV files include eight pigment variables from the SeaBASS database and the Hayward et al., (2024) dataset for the period 1998–2024. These data are limited to surface observations (0–20 m) in the Southern Ocean, within the latitude range from south to 40°S and longitude range 180°W–180°E.

NetCDF (NC) files contain gridded monthly phytoplankton size classes (PSCs) and phytoplankton functional types (PFTs) for the period 1998–2024, covering the austral spring–summer season from September to February. These data are derived using an empirical approach applied to the CSV dataset, combined with Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) satellite products.


NC file DescriptionThis dataset provides gridded estimates of the PFTs/PSCs expressed as both percentage contribution and concentration (mg m⁻³), derived from satellite ocean-colour observations spanning 1998–2024. The product is designed to support analyses of long-term phytoplankton community structure, size-class variability, and ecosystem change.

PFT/PSC estimates are generated using a fourth-degree polynomial diagnostic approach applied to log₁₀-transformed chlorophyll. The resulting fractional contribution is constrained to the 0–100% range and subsequently converted to concentration by scaling it by the total chlorophyll. This approach is consistent with abundance-based phytoplankton size-class reconstruction methods commonly used in satellite biogeochemical studies.

The dataset is provided in NC format, following CF-conventions where applicable, and includes spatial and temporal coordinates suitable for regional, basin-scale, and climatological analyses.

Spatial Coverage





Latitude: 1176 grid points (degrees north)




Longitude: 8640 grid points (degrees east)




Global ocean coverage at high spatial resolution



Temporal Coverage





Time dimension: 162 monthly time steps




Reference time: days since 1998-01-01 00:00:00




Calendar: proleptic Gregorian




Aggregated for the September–February seasonal window over 1998–2024



Variables

1. Latitude





Units: degrees_north




Description: Latitude coordinate




Axis: Y



2. Longitude





Units: degrees_east




Description: Longitude coordinate




Axis: X



3. Time





Units: days since 1998-01-01 00:00:00




Description: Time coordinate




Axis: T



4. PFT/PSC_pct





Units: %




Description: Percentage contribution of PFT/PSC to total chlorophyll




Method: Derived from a 4th-degree polynomial applied to log₁₀(CHL), clipped to [0, 100]




Scale factor: 0.01




Fill value: −32767



5. PFT/PSC_conc





Units: mg m⁻³




Description: PFT/PSC concentration




Calculation: (PFT/PSC_pct / 100) × total chlorophyll




Scale factor: 0.001




Fill value: −32767