cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/mxgq-ff05
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Socotra Island, Yemen 40-53KYrBP Stalagmite d18O Data

description: Oxygen-isotope ratios of a stalagmite from Socotra Island in the Indian Ocean provide a record of changes in monsoon precipitation and climate for the time period from 42 to 55 thousand years before the present. The pattern of precipitation bears a striking resemblance to the oxygen-isotope record from Greenland ice cores, with increased tropical precipitation associated with warm periods in the high northern latitudes. The largest change, at the onset of interstadial 12, occurred very rapidly, in about 25 years. The chronology of the events found in our record requires a reevaluation of previously published time scales for climate events during this period.
description: High resolution stalagmite oxygen isotope data from 
Socotra Island in the Indian Ocean, providing a record 
of changes in monsoon precipitation from 53 - 40 KYrBP, 
Dansgaard/Oeschger Events 9 to 13. 

The stable isotope time series published in Burns et al., 2003 
was later revised based on a corrected chronology as explained 
in Burns et al., Science, 2004. The data archived here are on 
the revised chronology.
DOI: 10.25921/mkxn-5a52
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Büntgen - Jeizinen - LADE - ITRDB SWIT260

description: Annually resolved summer temperatures for the European Alps are described. The reconstruction covers the a.d. 755-2004 period and is based on 180 recent and historic larch [Larix decidua Mill.] density series. The regional curve standardization method was applied to preserve interannual to multicentennial variations in this high-elevation proxy dataset. Instrumental measurements from high- (low-) elevation grid boxes back to 1818 (1760) reveal strongest growth response to current-year June-September mean temperatures. The reconstruction correlates at 0.7 with high-elevation temperatures back to 1818, with a greater signal in the higher-frequency domain (r = 0.8). Low-elevation instrumental data back to 1760 agree with the reconstruction's interannual variation, although a decoupling between (warmer) instrumental and (cooler) proxy data before 1840 is noted. This offset is larger than during any period of overlap with more recent high-elevation instrumental data, even though the proxy time series always contains some unexplained variance. The reconstruction indicates positive temperatures in the tenth and thirteenth century that resemble twentieth-century conditions, and are separated by a prolonged cooling from 1350 to 1700. Six of the 10 warmest decades over the 755-2004 period are recorded in the twentieth century. Maximum temperature amplitude over the past 1250 yr is estimated to be 3.1C between the warmest (1940s) and coldest (1810s) decades. This estimate is, however, affected by the calibration with instrumental temperature data. Warm summers seem to coincide with periods of high solar activity, and cold summers vice versa. The record captures the full range of past European temperature variability, that is, the extreme years 1816 and 2003, warmth during medieval and recent times, and cold in between. Comparison with regional- and large-scale reconstructions reveals similar decadal to longer-term variability.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/m77q-5144
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stahle - Mayberry Slough and Watson Lake - TADI - AR052, PAGES North America 2k Version

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hg2xuv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 495 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Johnsonia pubescens"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 495 records from 49 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021143-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/m2v2-za56
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bräker - Alp Holzmatten - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT253

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/mqn5-r443
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Esper - Celerina - PICE - ITRDB SWIT219

description: A June–August Alpine temperature proxy series is developed back to AD 951 using 1,527 ring-width measurements from living trees and relict wood. The reconstruction is composed of larch data from four Alpine valleys in Switzerland and pine data from the western Austrian Alps. These regions are situated in high elevation Alpine environments where a spatially homogenous summer temperature signal exists. In an attempt to capture the full frequency range of summer temperatures over the past millennium, from inter-annual to multi-centennial scales, the regional curve standardization technique is applied to the ring width measurements. Correlations of 0.65 and 0.86 after decadal smoothing, with high elevation meteorological stations since 1864 indicate an optimal response of the RCS chronology to June–August mean temperatures. The proxy record reveals warm conditions from before AD 1000 into the thirteenth century, followed by a prolonged cool period, reaching minimum values in the 1820s, and a warming trend into the twentieth century. This latter trend and the higher frequency variations compare well with the actual high elevation temperature record. The new central Alpine proxy suggests that summer temperatures during the last decade are unprecedented over the past millennium. It also reveals significant similarities at inter-decadal to multi-centennial frequencies with large-scale temperature reconstructions, however, deviating during certain periods from H.H. Lamb‘s European/North Atlantic temperature history.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/mrrh-am24
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - White Mountains Bristlecone Pine d13C and Precipitation Reconstruction

description: We present the first near millennium-length, annually resolved stable isotope record from bristlecone pines (Pinus longaeva, D.K Bailey). The carbon isotope ratios from the cellulose of seven trees from the White Mountains of California, corrected for anthropogenic changes in atmospheric chemistry, are used to reconstruct growing season (June through August) precipitation back to AD 1085. Extremely negative isotope results are strongly correlated with proposed severest El Niño events over the last 500 yr, and similar values in the first half of the millennium are used to reconstruct a further 13 strong El Niño events, concentrated in the 12th Century and the mid 13th and 14th Centuries. Ring-width chronologies from adjacent sites in the White Mountains demonstrate a high degree of decadal covariance with the d13C series, although there are several periods of notable divergence.
description: Carbon isotope data and precipitation reconstruction for the last 920 years from bristlecone pine tree rings collected in the White Mountains, California, USA. Two corrections are applied to the raw d13C data prior to precipitation reconstruction, and the two corrected series plus the original raw d13C series are provided in the data files. The raw d13C measurements were corrected to a pre-industrial atmospheric d13C base value of -6.4 per mil using simple addition, compensating for the 'anthropogenic decline' from input to the atmosphere of 13C-depleted CO2 from fossil fuel combustion and land-use change. After correction for the isotopic composition of the atmosphere, a second correction (known as the PreINdustrial or PIN correction, which represents a change in ecophysiological response to rapidly rising concentrations of CO2) was applied to the fossil fuel corrected data, producing a series used for palaeoclimate reconstruction. Blanco West tree ring site, White Mountains, California: 37°27'N, 118°10'W, ~3200m elevation. IITRDB003
DOI: 10.25921/mb8t-ht59
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Haozhu Cave, China 10-30 ka Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data

description: Previous research has shown a strong persistence for direct teleconnections between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and high northern latitude climate variability during the last glacial and deglaciation, in particular between monsoon weakening and a reduced Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). However, less attention has been paid to EASM strengthening as the AMOC was reinvigorated following peak Northern Hemisphere (NH) cooling. Moreover, climate model simulations have suggested a strong role for Antarctic meltwater discharge in modulating northward heat transport and hence NH warming, yet the degree to which Southern Hemisphere (SH) climate anomalies impacted the Asian monsoon region is still unclear.

Here we present a new stalagmite oxygen-isotope record from the EASM affected region of central China, which documents two prominent stages of increased 18O-depleted moisture delivery to the region through the transition from Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) to the Bølling-Allerod (B-A) interstadial; this is in general agreement with the other monsoonal records from both NH and SH mid to low latitudes. Through novel comparisons with a recent iceberg-rafted debris (IRD) record from the Southern Ocean, we propose that the two-stage EASM intensification observed in our speleothem records were linked with two massive Antarctic icesheet discharge (AID) events at ~16.0 ka and ~14.7 ka, immediately following the peak HS1 stadial event. Notably, the large increase in EASM intensity at the beginning of the HS1/B-A transition (~16 ka) is relatively muted in the NH higher latitudes, and better aligns with the changes observed in the SH, indicating the Antarctic and Southern Ocean perturbations could have an active role in driving the initial EASM strengthening at this time. Indeed, Antarctic freshwater input to the Southern Ocean during these AID events would have cooled the surrounding surface waters and caused an expansion of sea ice, restricting the southern extent of the SH westerlies. Moreover, increased meltwater flux during IRD events would have freshened Antarctic Intermediate Water, leading to the increased formation of North Atlantic Deep Water and enhanced North Atlantic subsurface heat release, and causing a strengthening of the AMOC during the HS1-Bolling transition. The result of this sequence-of-events would have been warming in the North Atlantic whilst at the same time cooling in the Antarctic. The ensuing interhemispheric temperature gradient would have acted to push the ITCZ northward, weakening the Australian-Indonesian summer monsoon (AISM) whilst intensifying the EASM.
description: Speleothem oxygen isotope (d18O) data from Haozhu Cave, central China during last deglaciation
DOI: 10.25921/mdpd-g925
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Ordos Plateau, China 205 Year Tree-Ring Oxygen Isotope Data

description: To deeply understand the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) strength variation in its fringe region, we established a 205-year stable oxygen isotope (d18O) chronology based on four individual Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. from Ordos Plateau, China. First, we found that d18O in tree rings inherits the signals of summer (June to August) monsoonal precipitation d18O (d18OP). Second, relative humidity (RH) was observed to have a large effect on the d18O of pine trees. The tree-ring d18O series significantly correlates with the observed local RH from June to August (RHJJA) with r=-0.65 (N=56, p<0.001). The RH over Ordos Plateau is greatly influenced by ASM-related precipitation. As such, it could well reflect the variations of ASM intensity. Thus, we reconstructed the RHJJA over Ordos, the center of the Asian summer monsoon fringe region (ASMFR), for the last two centuries. Our reconstructed RHJJA series has a large geographical and spatial representativeness, which is well compared with other precipitation reconstructions in ASMFR, and jointly reflects ASM variations in the past. The RHJJA reconstruction showed that the 1870s-1890s were the wettest years in the entire reconstruction, while the middle-late 1920s were the driest. From 1930 to 2012, the RH of the study area continuously decreased. We found significantly negative correlations between RHJJA and the Central Pacific sea surface temperature. This finding means that if the El Nino-Southern Oscillation of the Central Pacific continues to increase in the future, the aridification in the ASMFR will be intensified.
description: Tree ring oxygen isotope (d18O) data from the Ordos Plateau, China, for the past 205 years. Provided Keywords: stable oxygen isotope.
IITRDB37
DOI: 10.25921/mds3-9f36
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Upper Pinto Fen, Alberta 8000 Year Peat Density and Accumulation Data

description: A high-resolution fen peat record and 79 basal peat dates from paludified peatlands in continental western Canada provide evidence for cyclic change in moisture conditions and in peat carbon accumulation. The ash-free bulk density, a proxy for degree of peat decomposition and thus moisture conditions, shows periodicities at both millennial (from 1500 to 2190 yr, with a mean of 1785 yr) and century scales (386 yr and 667 yr). Wet periods of 200-600 yr in duration, especially at ~6900, 5500 and 4000 cal. BP, correlate with rapid peat accumulation, new peatland initiation and declines in the rate of increase of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. The wet periods in western North America are coeval with warm periods in the North Atlantic, a phasing relationship that has been documented in other published palaeorecords for the glacial period and late Holocene, probably in response to variations in solar activity. These results indicate a strong connection between climate and the global carbon cycle at the millennial scale, mediated in part by peatland dynamics. This is the first demonstration that peatland carbon sequestration rates are highly sensitive even to minor climatic fluctuations, which are too small to produce detectable changes in major species in the peatland. That global atmospheric CO2 concentrations have in the past responded to these changes in peatland dynamics implies a strong potential for peatlands to be a major player in affecting future global change.
description: Ash-free bulk density (g/cm3) and peat accumulation rates (g/m2/yr) from peat core at Upper Pinto Fen, Alberta, Canada
DOI: 10.25921/mefe-4452
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - D'Arrigo - Central Alaska Composite - PCGL - ITRDB AK111

description: Previous tree-ring-based Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstructions portray a varying amplitude range between the "Medieval Warm Period" (MWP), "Little Ice Age" (LIA) and present. We describe a new reconstruction, developed using largely different methodologies and additional new data compared to previous efforts. Unlike earlier studies, we quantify differences between more traditional (STD) and Regional Curve Standardization (RCS) methodologies, concluding that RCS is superior for retention of low-frequency trends. Continental North American versus Eurasian RCS series developed prior to merging to the hemispheric scale cohere surprisingly well, suggesting common forcing, although there are notable deviations (e.g., fifteenth to sixteenth century). Results indicate clear MWP (warm), LIA (cool), and recent (warm) episodes. Direct interpretation of the RCS reconstruction suggests that MWP temperatures were nearly 0.7C cooler than in the late twentieth century, with an amplitude difference of 1.14C from the coldest (1600-1609) to warmest (1937-1946) decades. However, we advise caution with this analysis. Although we conclude, as found elsewhere, that recent warming has been substantial relative to natural fluctuations of the past millennium, we also note that owing to the spatially heterogeneous nature of the MWP, and its different timing within different regions, present palaeoclimatic methodologies will likely "flatten out" estimates for this period relative to twentieth century warming, which expresses a more homogenous global "fingerprint." Therefore we stress that presently available paleoclimatic reconstructions are inadequate for making specific inferences, at hemispheric scales, about MWP warmth relative to the present anthropogenic period and that such comparisons can only still be made at the local/regional scale.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/mkpy-kh52
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - D'Arrigo - Pagerwunung Darupono - TEGR - ITRDB INDO006

description: The Asian monsoon system affects more than half of humanity worldwide, yet the dynamical processes that govern its complex spatiotemporal variability are not sufficiently understood to model and predict its behavior, due in part to inadequate long-term climate observations. Here we present the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), a seasonally resolved gridded spatial reconstruction of Asian monsoon drought and pluvials over the past millennium, derived from a network of tree-ring chronologies. MADA provides the spatiotemporal details of known historic monsoon failures and reveals the occurrence, severity, and fingerprint of previously unknown monsoon megadroughts and their close linkages to large-scale patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperatures. MADA thus provides a long-term context for recent monsoon variability that is critically needed for climate modeling, prediction, and attribution.
description: Purpose of Collection:  
# Climatology - precipitation analysis NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/m934-yn22
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Colombia Basin DSDP502 6MYr Amino Acid Racemization Data

description: Data of past climate and environment derived from unusual proxy evidence.  Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set.  Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations.

description: Extent of racemization (epimerization) in mixed foraminifera samples, 
DSDP Site 502, Colombia Basin, western Caribbean Sea, for the past 
6 million years. 

Fletcher, R.R. 1994. 
Comparative planktonic foraminiferal aminostratigraphy 
of the Colombia Basin and the Northeast Gulf of Mexico. 
PhD Thesis, University of Delaware, Dept. of Geology. 580 pp. 

Fletcher, R.R., J.F. Wehmiller, R.E. Martin, and B.J. Johnson. 1991. 
Comparative planktonic foraminiferal aminostratigraphy of the 
Colombia Basin and the Northeast Gulf of Mexico. 
Meeting presentation, abstract only, AAPG Bulletin, Vol. 75, 
No. 3, 1991, pp. 575.
DOI: 10.25921/m4jh-0f65
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Laguna Escondida, Chile 1600 Year Biogenic Silica and Temperature Reconstruction

description: Climate and environmental reconstructions from natural archives are important for the interpretation of current climatic change. Few quantitative high-resolution reconstructions exist for South America which is the only land mass extending from the tropics to the southern high latitudes at 56°S. We analysed sediment cores from two adjacent lakes in Northern Chilean Patagonia, Lago Castor (45°36'S, 71°47'W) and Laguna Escondida (45°31'S, 71°49'W). Radiometric dating (210Pb, 137Cs, 14C-AMS) suggests that the cores reach back to c. 900 BC (Laguna Escondida) and c. 1900 BC (Lago Castor). Both lakes show similarities and reproducibility in sedimentation rate changes and tephra layer deposition. We found eight macroscopic tephras (0.2 - 5.5 cm thick) dated at 1950 BC, 1700 BC, at 300 BC, 50 BC, 90 AD, 160 AD, 400 AD and at 900 AD. These can be used as regional time-synchronous stratigraphic markers. The two thickest tephras represent known well-dated explosive eruptions of Hudson volcano around 1950 and 300 BC. Biogenic silica flux revealed in both lakes a climate signal and correlation with annual temperature reanalysis data (calibration 1900-2006 AD; Lago Castor r = 0.37; Laguna Escondida r = 0.42, seven years filtered data). We used a linear inverse regression plus scaling model for calibration and leave-one-out cross-validation (RMSEv = 0.56 °C) to reconstruct sub decadal-scale temperature variability for Laguna Escondida back to AD 400. The lower part of the core from Laguna Escondida prior to AD 400 and the core of Lago Castor are strongly influenced by primary and secondary tephras and, therefore, not used for the temperature reconstruction. The temperature reconstruction from Laguna Escondida shows cold conditions in the 5th century (relative to the 20th century mean), warmer temperatures from AD 600 to AD 1150 and colder temperatures from AD 1200 to AD 1450. From AD 1450 to AD 1700 our reconstruction shows a period with stronger variability and on average higher values than the 20th century mean. Until AD 1900 the temperature values decrease but stay slightly above the 20th century mean. Most of the centennial-scale features are reproduced in the few other natural climate archives in the region. The early onset of cool conditions from c. AD 1200 onward seems to be confirmed for this region.
description: Biogenic Silica Flux data from Laguna Escondida, Chilean Patagonia, and Summer Temperature (SONDJF) reconstruction
DOI: 10.25921/myhm-4n13
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Fonti - Gerra - CASA - ITRDB SWIT245

description: Wood anatomical features measured in dated tree rings have often proven to be of ecological value. However, little is known about the suitability and power of such measurements studied in a year-to-year basis as is done in dendrochronology.

The present work is based on a comparative analysis of 60 dated time-series of earlywood features of chestnut (Castanea sativa) grown in the climatic context of the Southern part of the Swiss Alps.

It has been shown that the earlywood vessel area is a suitable ecological indicator. This variable, although not very sensitive, contains environmental information that is different from that stored in all other ring-width and earlywood features we considered. The vessel size is mainly related to the temperature during two physiologically crucial periods for vessel growth: the end of the previous vegetation period (during reserve storage) and the onset of cambial activity (during cell division and vessel differentiation).

Our work shows that the mean vessel size of the ring-porous chestnut contains ecophysiological information that can be used for research in dendrochronology.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.