cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.963872.1
title: Effects of sponge excurrent seawater on coral reef picoplankton composition in the Florida Keys January 2022

description: Sponge exhalent water was collected from Looe Key reef, coral exudates water was collected from a coral incubation at Mote Marine lab, and ambient reef water was collected from Looe Key Reef surface water. All seawater was 0.2 um filtered to use as media in 2L bottles for an incubation experiment. Inoculum from reef surface water (1.6 um filtered) was used for the incubation. Bottles were incubated in the dark for 48 hours and samples were taken at the start (T0) and end (T48) for nutrient and microbiome analysis.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.860014.10
title: Two decibar averaged CTD profiles collected at the Hydrostation S site in the Sargasso Sea from October 1988 (cruise #60643) through December 2024 (cruise #61490)

description: Data presented here are CTD profiles from the Hydrostation S (or Panulirus) time series site located 20 km SE of Bermuda (32°10’N, 64°30’W) in the Sargasso Sea for October 1988 through December 2024. Profiles include basic CTD measurements of Pressure, Depth, Temperature, and Salinity, reported along with dissolved oxygen, beam attenuation, and relative fluorescence, at two-decibar averages. The profiles were collected during biweekly cruises to the site from October 1988 (cruise #60643) to December 2024 (cruise #61490). Data and samples have been collected using a SeaBird 9/11+ CTD and integrated Niskin rosette system.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.965250.1
title: Sediment geochemistry and microbial metabolic activity data on cryptic methane cycling in the Carpinteria Salt Marsh Reserve, California from sampling in July of 2019

description: Methylotrophic methanogenesis occurring within sulfate-rich zones of coastal and marine sediments is functionally linked to anaerobic methane oxidation (AOM), together constituting a cryptic methane cycle. This investigation presents data on such cryptic methane cycling across a land-to-sea transect comprising four sampling sites within the Carpinteria Salt Marsh Reserve (CSMR) in southern California, USA: two brackish, one marine, and one hypersaline. Surface sediments (upper 20 cm) were examined using geochemical profiling and radiotracer incubation experiments employing 35S-labeled sulfate, 14C-labeled monomethylamine, and 14C-labeled methane.
 
Methane concentrations in sediment porewater were generally low (3–28 µM) across all sites, except at the marine station, where levels increased with depth, reaching up to 665 µM. Methane production from monomethylamine was detected throughout the depth profiles at all stations, with estimated rates ranging from sub-nanomolar to nanomolar per cubic centimeter of sediment per day. AOM, quantified via 14C-CH₄ tracer, co-occurred with methylotrophic methanogenesis at each station, exhibiting activity levels between 0.03 and 19.4 nmol cm⁻³ d⁻¹.
 
Porewater chemistry revealed elevated concentrations of sulfate and dissolved iron across all sites. Sulfate levels (9–91 mM) remained sufficiently high to support sulfate reduction, which showed activity levels from 1.5 to 2,506 nmol cm⁻³ d⁻¹. Vertical profiles of sulfide and Fe(II) suggested a geochemical shift along the transect—from iron-dominated reduction at the brackish stations to sulfate-dominated reduction at the marine and hypersaline stations. AOM activity overlapped with zones of sulfate reduction and Fe(II) enrichment, indicating that methane oxidation may be coupled to both sulfate and iron reduction across all sampling locations.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.3918.10
title: Two decibar averaged CTD profiles collected at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site from October 1988 through December 2024

description: Data presented here are profiles of primary CTD parameters (pressure, depth, temperature, conductivity, and salinity) plus auxiliary measurements of  dissolved oxygen, beam attenuation, relative fluorescence, and photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) at the BATS site 31° 40' N 64° 10'W for October 1988-December 2024. Profiles were collected using a standard Sea-Bird SBE-09 plus CTD during the monthly core BATS cruises and near biweekly BATS bloom cruises during the months of February through April depending on ship availability. Data are processed following the methods of Knap et al., 1997 with the final product being reported as two decibar averages and all profiles for each cruise are reported in a single cruise file. It should be noted that the two decibar profiles are reported for the downcast only and bottle marker data collected on the upcast are presented with the bottle data.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.962727.1
title: Cell concentrations associated with genomics sampling to characterize bacterial responses to parasite-host metabolites from bottle incubation experiments in June of 2024

description: Bottle-based incubation experiments were conducted with coastal seawater that was filtered to include only the bacterial fraction. Fresh filtrate from Scrippsiella acuminata cultures infected by Amoebophrya sp. were collected and added into coastal seawater to expose heterotrophic bacterial communities to parasite-host metabolites and explore changes in bacterial community composition and gene expression over time. Data reported here are cell concentrations of bulk heterotrophic bacteria measured via flow cytometry that accompanied samples collected for DNA metabarcoding and metatranscriptomics from the incubation bottles over time.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.962736.1
title: Cell concentrations, percent of host infected, and bulk dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from laboratory experiments examining parasite-host metabolites in 2023

description: Laboratory experiments were carried out to characterize plankton infection dynamics and extracellular metabolites over an infection cycle in two parasite-host pairings. Data reported here are cell concentrations, percent of host infected, and bulk DOC concentrations measured daily over an infection cycle (four days) that coincides with collection of extracellular metabolites for analysis via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Separate experiments were performed for two strains of the parasite Amoebophrya sp. (4390 and 4401) that infected the same host dinoflagellate species, Scrippsiella acuminata. Metabolomics data collected from these experiments will be available on MetaboLights (MTBLS11219).
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.957833.1
title: Shipboard grazing experiment zooplankton data from the mid-Atlantic Bight Shelfbreak on R/V Neil Armstrong cruise AR29, R/V Ronald H. Brown cruise RB1904 and R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruise TN368 in April 2018 and May/July2019

description: As part of the Shelfbreak Productivity Interdisciplinary Research Operation at the Pioneer Array (SPIROPA) Project, twelve grazing experiments were conducted during each of three research cruises (April of 2018, and May and July of 2019) in the Middle Atlantic Bight to estimate community zooplankton grazing and net phytoplankton growth rates. Stations where the experiments were conducted were strategically located in one of three key cross-shelf water mass regimes: (1) at the shelfbreak front, (2) inshore of the front in continental shelf water and (3) offshore of the front in slope water. Grazing incubations were performed on water sampled from the chlorophyll maximum, when present. The experiments included two &quot;treatments&quot;: 1. whole water incubations and incubations on the &lt;200 µm fraction of the plankton communinity.  All experiments were run in triplicate for 24 hours in flow-thru deck incubators and consisted of a dark treatment incubation and a light treatment incubation at a simulated 30% E0.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.964826.1
title: Size Fractionated Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and Particulate Organic Nitrogen (PON) collected during BIOS-SCOPE cruises (2018-2023) aboard the R/V Atlantic Explorer

description: Included in this dataset are chemical analyses of size-fractionated particle samples collected during BIOS-SCOPE project cruises in the Sargasso Sea (2018-2023). Samples were collected using McLane WTS-LV in-situ pumps and analyzed for bulk particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON).
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.961570.1
title: Shipboard grazing experiment phytoplankton data from the mid-Atlantic Bight Shelfbreak on R/V Neil Armstrong cruise AR29, R/V Ronald H. Brown cruise RB1904 and R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruise TN368 in April 2018 and May/July2019

description: As part of the Shelfbreak Productivity Interdisciplinary Research Operation at the Pioneer Array (SPIROPA) Project, twelve grazing experiments were conducted during each of three research cruises (April of 2018, and May and July of 2019) in the Middle Atlantic Bight to estimate community zooplankton grazing and net phytoplankton growth rates. Stations where the experiments were conducted were strategically located in one of three key cross-shelf water mass regimes: (1) at the shelfbreak front, (2) inshore of the front in continental shelf water and (3) offshore of the front in slope water. Grazing incubations were performed on water sampled from the chlorophyll maximum, when present. The experiments included two &quot;treatments&quot;: 1. whole water incubations and incubations on the &lt;200 µm fraction of the plankton commuinity.  All experiments were run in triplicate for 24 hours in flow-thru deck incubators and consisted of a dark treatment incubation and a light treatment incubation at a simulated 30% E0.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.964684.1
title: Size fractionated Amino Acid data collected in the Sargasso Sea during BIOS-SCOPE cruises AE2114 and AE2123 in August and November 2021

description: Included in this dataset are chemical analyses of size-fractionated particle samples collected during BIOS-SCOPE project cruises in the Sargasso Sea (2021). Samples were collected using McLane WTS-LV in-situ pumps and analyzed for individual amino acid concentrations.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.964801.1
title: Size fractionated carbohydrate data collected in the Sargasso Sea during BIOS-SCOPE cruises AE2114 and AE2123 in August and November 2021

description: Included in this dataset are chemical analyses of size-fractionated particle samples collected during BIOS-SCOPE project cruises in the Sargasso Sea (2021). Samples were collected using McLane WTS-LV in-situ pumps and analyzed for carbohydrate monomers.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.961749.1
title: MOCNESS Zooplankton data collected at the mid-Atlantic Bight Shelfbreak on R/V Neil Armstrong cruise AR29, R/V Ronald H. Brown cruise RB1904 and R/V Thomas G. Thompson cruise TN368 to the New England Shelfbreak in April 2018 and May/July2019

description: As part of the Shelfbreak Productivity Interdisciplinary Research Operation at the Pioneer Array (SPIROPA) Project, zooplankton were sampled at selected stations and depths using a Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS). Twelve stations were sampled on each of three research cruises (AR29 in April of 2018, RB19-04 in May 2019 and TN368 July of 2019) in the Middle Atlantic Bight shelfbreak. Samples were then transferred to one-liter jars and preserved in approximately 10% formalin:seawater solutions for later microscopic analyses ashore. At the shore-based laboratory, samples were drained through 64 µm-mesh sieves for removal of formalin:seawater and concentrated zooplankton were transferred to 70% ethanol for microscopic identification and enumeration.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.961794.1
title: Shipboard Plankton Dilution Experiment Chlorophyll collected at the mid-Atlantic Bight Shelfbreak on R/V Neil Armstrong AR29, R/V Ronald H. Brown RB1904 and R/V Thomas G. Thompson TN368 to the New England Shelfbreak in April 2018 and and May/July 2019

description: As part of the Shelfbreak Productivity Interdisciplinary Research Operation at the Pioneer Array (SPIROPA) Project, twelve grazing experiments utilizing the two-point dilution technique were conducted during each of three research cruises (April of 2018, and May and July of 2019) in the Middle Atlantic Bight to estimate microzooplankton grazing rates and net phytoplankton growth rates. Stations where the dilution experiments were conducted were strategically located in one of three key cross-shelf water mass regimes: (1) at the shelfbreak front, (2) inshore of the front in continental shelf water and (3) offshore of the front in slope water. Grazing incubations were performed on water sampled from the chlorophyll maximum, when present, and conducted on the &lt;200 µm fraction of water (what passed through a 200 µm sieve) in order to include only the microzooplankton grazers and avoid trophic cascades associated with mesozooplankton predators and grazers. The 2 dilution points were 10% and 100% of the &lt; 200 µm sample water. All experiments were run in triplicate for 24 hours and consisted of a dark treatment incubation and a light treatment incubation at a simulated 30% E0.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.957950.1
title: Photodegradation of macroplastics in the marine environment: fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

description: The photodegradation of macroplastics in the marine environment remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the weathering of commercially available plastics (tabs 1.3 × 4.4 × 0.16 cm), including high-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polycarbonate, in seawater under laboratory-simulated ultraviolet A radiation for 3–9 months, equivalent to 25–75 years of natural sunlight exposure without considering other confounding factors. After the exposure, the physical integrity and thermal stability of the tabs remained relatively intact, suggesting that the bulk polymer chains were not severely altered despite strong irradiation, likely due to their low specific surface area. In contrast, the surface layer (∼1 μm) of the tabs was highly oxidized and eroded after 9 months of accelerated weathering. Several antioxidant additives were identified in the plastics through low temperature pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS) analysis. The Pyr-GC/MS results also revealed many new oxygen-containing compounds formed during photodegradation, and these compounds indicated the dominance of chain scission reactions during weathering. These findings highlight the strong resistance of industrial macroplastics to weathering, emphasizing the need for a broader range of plastics with varying properties and sizes to accurately estimate plastic degradation in the marine environment.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.962096.1
title: CTD summary and prey size data for five mucous mesh grazer species collected during R/V Sikuliaq Cruise SKQ202204S and R/V Marcus G. Langseth Cruise MGL2207 in the Northern California Current in Mar and Jul 2022

description: Mucous mesh grazers including pelagic tunicates and thecosome pteropods play a key role in oceanic food webs. Using their fine mucous meshes, these pelagic grazers ingest a wide range of planktonic prey and link pelagic and benthic marine ecosystems. Characterizing the diet of this group is central to fully understanding marine food webs and developing accurate food web models. 

Microscopy has largely been supplanted by other methods, but it remains valuable for its precision in determining cell size and morphology, which are key to characterize the diet and feeding mechanics of grazers. In this study, we use environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) to examine the gut contents of several mucous mesh grazers from the Northern California Current (NCC) including Dolioletta gegenbauri, Thetys vagina, Pegea socia, Pyrosoma atlanticum, and Limacina helicina. Our findings provide size and taxonomic resolution of the prey of these mucous mesh grazers and expands the known prey size range for some species. In the results paper, we also discuss the advantages of using microscopy, including insights into prey morphology and integrity, which enhances our understanding of feeding selectivity, prey defenses, and the fate of grazed plankton in marine ecosystems. Our results reinforce the significant predatory role of mucous mesh grazers in planktonic ecosystems and food webs. 

This dataset includes size measurements of prey items found in the guts of each gelatinous grazer species which were collected and processed in the NCC over two sampling seasons and oceanographic research cruises, as well as background oceanographic data for these stations. The dataset includes collection metadata, CTD summary data, image analysis metadata, grazer species information, prey ids, and prey counts.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.963415.1
title: Time to developmental stage across temperature and food experiments in the larval purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

description: Trends in development time and time to metamorphic competency across temperature and food availability treatments were measured in Strongylocentrotus purpuratus larvae. Effects of temperature and food availability were tested using a 6 x 4 factorial experimental design with six temperature treatments (10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20°C) and four concentrations of Rhodomonas sp. microalgae (500, 2500, 5000, 10,000 cells mL-1) for a total of 24 treatment combinations. Developmental stage was determined in&gt;50% individuals were of a certainstage and metamorphic competency was determined when &gt;50% of larvae exhibited tube feet and adhered to the bottle. Time to metamorphic competency decreased exponentially with temperature with larvae at 10°C reaching competency in 61 days, larvae at 12ºC in 33 days, larvae at 14ºC in 29 days, larvae at 16ºC in 25 days, larvae at 18ºC in 22 days, and larvae at 20ºC in 21 days.
This dataset includes the treatment combinations and days to metamorphic competency for each treatment combination.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.963210.1
title: Diel multi 'omics data from surface ocean microbial community samples collected during Hawaiʻi Diel Sampling (HaDS) in Kāneʻohe Bay and adjacent offshore waters of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi from December 2020 to August 2021

description: This dataset contains biogeochemical data, sampling information, and genetic accession identifiers for the Hawaiʻi Diel Sampling (HaDS) survey in Kāneʻohe Bay and adjacent offshore waters of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi from December 2020 to August 2021.

Study description:

Here, we present data from the Hawaiʻi Diel Sampling (HaDS) survey, which represents a high-resolution sampling of surface ocean microbial communities every 1.5 hours for 48 hours across two environments: Kāneʻohe Bay on the windward coast of Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi, and the adjacent offshore. At both the coastal Kāneʻohe Bay station (HP1) and the adjacent offshore station (STO1), we sampled at 33 time-points across 48 hours in August 2021, and subsequently produced 59 metatranscriptomes, 65 short-read metagenomes, 8 long-read metagenomes, and 66 transfer RNA (tRNA) transcript libraries. We also generated four deeply-sequenced short-read metagenomes from samples collected in the late fall and spring prior to HaDS through routine Kāneʻohe Bay Time-series sampling. The goal of HaDS is to characterize microbial responses to diel changes in ocean biogeochemistry and investigate mechanisms of transcriptional and translation regulation. These data were collected by Dr. A. Murat Eren of the Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.963407.1
title: Bacterial productivity of samples from three stations in the Western North Atlantic aboard R/V Atlantic Explorer cruise AE2413 during May 2024

description: Heterotrophic bacteria and archaea (here: microbes) are critical drivers of the ocean’s biogeochemical cycles, active throughout the depth of the ocean. Their capabilities and limitations help determine the rates and locations at which carbon and nutrients are regenerated, as well as the extent to which organic matter is preserved (Hedges 1992). In the deep ocean, at bathy- and abyssopelagic depths (ca. 1000-6000m), these communities are dependent upon the sinking flux of particulate organic matter (POM) from the surface ocean (Bergauer et al. 2018). This dependence means that heterotrophic microbial communities must produce the extracellular enzymes required to solubilize and hydrolyze high molecular weight (HMW) POM to sizes substrates suitable for cellular uptake. A recent global-scale investigation of deep-sea microbes in fact found that the genetic potential for exported (extracellular) enzymes among bacteria in deep waters was far greater than for communities in surface or mesopelagic waters (Zhao et al. 2020). We have new evidence that a substantial fraction of bacteria in bottom water from the North Atlantic Ocean use a specialized set of extracellular enzymes to rapidly take up HMW polysaccharides (Giljan et al. 2022), a substrate processing mechanism that would not be detected with the low molecular weight substrates used in most prior studies of microbial activity in the deep ocean (Nagata et al. 2010).
 
Through our collaboration with the Danish Center for Hadal Research, we were able to use pressurization systems and in situ specialized equipment to investigate the effects of pressures characteristic of bathy- and abyssopelagic depths on microbial communities and their extracellular enzymes in the open North Atlantic Ocean.   
 
Here we present the measurement of 3H-leucine incorporation by heterotrophic bacteria using a cold trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and microcentrifuge extraction method (Kirchman, 2001) at different sites in the Western North Atlantic aboard R/V Atlantic Explorer during during the research cruise AE2413 (2024-05-09 to 2024-05-28).  All work and incubations were performed in a UNOLS isotope lab, or within designated areas at the University of North Carolina at Chapel HIll post cruise. This dataset contains collection metadata, environmental conditions, sample types and treatments, incubation conditions, substrate types, radioactivity measurements, and calculated incorporation rates of 3H-leucine.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.904895.2
title: Element quotas of individual phytoplankton cells from samples collected on the US GEOTRACES Arctic cruise GN01 (HLY1502) on USCGC Healy in August-October 2015

description: Individual phytoplankton cells were collected on the US GEOTRACES Arctic cruise GN01 (HLY1502) on USCGC Healy in August-October 2015. The elemental (Si, P, S, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) content of each cell was measured with synchrotron x-ray fluorescence (SXRF). Carbon was calculated from biovolume. Data can be used to assess biogenic particulate metal fraction, as well as changes in the accumulation of these elements across environmental gradients. Data are part of the larger international GEOTRACES dataset.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.963382.1
title: Polysaccharide Hydrolase activities in Danish coastal seawater and sediments under varying hydrostatic pressures on samples collected in September 2023

description: The potential of the seawater or sedimentary microbial community to hydrolyze seven high-molecular-weight polysaccharides (arabinogalactan, chondroitin sulfate, fucoidan, laminarin, mannan, pullulan, and xylan) was investigated in a coastal station off the coast of Helsingor, Denmark. This investigation was part of the larger project to understand pressure effects on enzymatic activity. These samples were collected in September 2023 at a coastal station off the coast of Helsingor, Denmark, at a depth of 20 meters. 

Through our collaboration with the Danish Center for Hadal Research, we were able to use pressurization systems and in situ specialized equipment to investigate the effects of pressures characteristic of bathy- and abyssopelagic depths on microbial communities and their extracellular enzymes in the open North Atlantic Ocean.   

This dataset contains metadata on sample collection, environmental conditions, sample types and treatments, incubation conditions, substrate types, and kill-corrected enzymatic hydrolysis rates across timepoints.