cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/1jgn-dd29
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - North Atlantic Benthic Foraminifera Stable Isotope Data Over the Past 21,000 Years

description: Benthic foraminiferal stable isotope records from four high-resolution sediment cores, forming a depth transect between 1237 m and 2303 m on the South Iceland Rise, have been used to reconstruct intermediate and deep water paleoceanographic changes in the northern North Atlantic during the last 21 ka (spanning Termination I and the Holocene). Typically, a sampling resolution of ~100 years is attained. Deglacial core chronologies are accurately tied to North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) ice core records through the correlation of tephra layers and changes in the percent abundance of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) with transitions in NGRIP. The evolution from the glacial mode of circulation to the present regime is punctuated by two periods with low benthic d13C and d18O values, which do not lie on glacial or Holocene water mass mixing lines. These periods correlate with the late Younger Dryas/Early Holocene (11.5–12.2 ka) and Heinrich Stadial 1 (14.7–16.8 ka) during which time freshwater input and sea-ice formation led to brine rejection both locally and as an overflow exported from the Nordic seas into the northern North Atlantic, as earlier reported by Meland et al. (2008). The export of brine with low d13C values from the Nordic seas complicates traditional interpretations of low d13C values during the deglaciation as incursions of southern sourced water, although the spatial extent of this brine is uncertain. The records also reveal that the onset of the Younger Dryas was accompanied by an abrupt and transient (~200–300 year duration) decrease in the ventilation of the northern North Atlantic. During the Holocene, Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water only reached its modern flow strength and/or depth over the South Iceland Rise by 7–8 ka, in parallel with surface ocean reorganizations and a cessation in deglacial meltwater input to the North Atlantic.
description: Data collected by David J.R. Thornalley (Univ. of Cambridge); Principal Investigator: I. Nick McCave (Univ. of Cambridge); cruise CD-159, funded by UK RAPID program.
 Stable isotope values relative to VPDB standard, run in Godwin Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge. "Ice-volume corrected" for whole ocean changes using Fairbanks (1989) sea-level curve, assuming a LGM to late Holocene shift of 1‰.
 RAPiD-12-1K: Vital effect of -0.24 applied to Melonis d18O data.
DOI: 10.25921/1hzf-tp69
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Caribbean 500 Year Shipwreck Frequency and Tree Growth Suppression Data

description: Assessing the impact of future climate change on North Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) activity is of crucial societal importance, but the limited quantity and quality of observational records interferes with the skill of future TC projections. In particular, North Atlantic TC response to radiative forcing is poorly understood and creates the dominant source of uncertainty for twenty-first-century projections. Here, we study TC variability in the Caribbean during the Maunder Minimum (MM; 1645-1715 CE), a period defined by the most severe reduction in solar irradiance in documented history (1610–present). For this purpose, we combine a documentary time series of Spanish shipwrecks in the Caribbean (1495-1825 CE) with a tree-growth suppression chronology from the Florida Keys (1707-2009 CE). We find a 75% reduction in decadal-scale Caribbean TC activity during the MM, which suggests modulation of the influence of reduced solar irradiance by the cumulative effect of cool North Atlantic sea surface temperatures, El Niño-like conditions, and a negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. Our results emphasize the need to enhance our understanding of the response of these oceanic and atmospheric circulation patterns to radiative forcing and climate change to improve the skill of future TC projections. 
description: Documentary time series of Spanish shipwrecks (1495-1825 CE) in the Caribbean, plus Florida Keys tree growth suppression data (1707-2009 CE), interpreted as tropical cyclone proxies.
DOI: 10.25921/1w64-m266
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - EPICA Dome C - 800KYr Dust Data

description: Dust can affect the radiative balance of the atmosphere by absorbing or reflecting incoming solar radiation; it can also be a source of micronutrients, such as iron, to the ocean. It has been suggested that production, transport and deposition of dust is influenced by climatic changes on glacial-interglacial timescales. Here we present a high-resolution record of aeolian dust from the EPICA Dome C ice core in East Antarctica, which provides an undisturbed climate sequence over the past eight climatic cycles. We find that there is a significant correlation between dust flux and temperature records during glacial periods that is absent during interglacial periods. Our data suggest that dust flux is increasingly correlated with Antarctic temperature as the climate becomes colder. We interpret this as progressive coupling of the climates of Antarctic and lower latitudes. Limited changes in glacial-interglacial atmospheric transport time suggest that the sources and lifetime of dust are the main factors controlling the high glacial dust input. We propose that the observed ∼25-fold increase in glacial dust flux over all eight glacial periods can be attributed to a strengthening of South American dust sources, together with a longer lifetime for atmospheric dust particles in the upper troposphere resulting from a reduced hydrological cycle during the ice ages.
DOI: 10.25921/1kmx-ja12
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Maxwell - Bigelow Pond Update - TSCA - ITRDB CT004

description: Determining the response of forest growth and productivity to climate variability is crucial for understanding and modeling forest carbon sequestration in mesic temperate forests. Most tree-ring analyses have used monthly climate data. Daily climate data may be more appropriate to use in the determination of tree-ring response to climate because cell division, enlargement, and thickening occur during discrete periods of the growing season. We analyze annual tree-ring width and d13C from Tsuga canadensis (1992-2012) at ten sites in the northeastern US to test the null hypothesis that tree-ring width and d13C respond similarly to critical climate periods using daily climate data and linear regression. There was a significant difference in the climate response of ring width and d13C. Precipitation predicted both d13C and ring width with the highest r2 and greatest level of significance overall. d13C integrated climate over longer periods of the year (and previous year) than ring width at most sites. d13C showed a more consistent seasonal signal across sites for each climate variable than ring width. Our work provides a new perspective on the response of annual tree growth and d13C to climatic variability that can inform ecosystem productivity, carbon cycle, and earth system models.
description: Part of New England Hemlock Transect, 10 sites along a 500+ km transect stretching from CT to ME NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22.
DOI: 10.25921/17kq-s019
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Mundo fire data from Ea. Canigó W, Patagonia - IMPD ARCAN002

description: Fire is a major disturbance affecting forests worldwide with significant economic, social and ecological impacts. The southernmost forests on Earth extend continuously along the Andes from mid- to subantarctic latitudes in South America. In this region, warming and drying trends since the mid-20th century have been linked to a positive trend in the Southern Annual Mode (SAM), the leading mode of extratropical climate variability in the Southern Hemisphere. Due to the scarcity of documentary fire records and the lack of tree-ring fire histories, little is known about how wildfire activity responds to shifts in the westerly circulation pattern and associated climatic variability in the Andean region south of c. 44°S. For the first time, we applied dendrochronological techniques to reconstruct fire history from the angiosperm Nothofagus pumilio at 16 sites distributed from c. 44 to 50oS to determine relationships between fire occurrence and the two primary drivers of wildfire activity: climate variability and human activities. Partial cross-sections with fire-scars were collected from 363 trees in Argentina and Chile. Chronologies of annually resolved fire-scar dates start in 1791 and show a pattern of higher fire frequency during the 20th century, concurrent with the human occupation and colonization processes in southern Patagonia. Years of widespread fire occurring synchronously in two or more disjunct sites are associated with broad-scale climatic anomalies. Intense droughts inferred from extreme departures in temperature, precipitation and the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) during the growing seasons of 1944 and 1962 are consistent with the two most severe fires at northern sites. Extended droughts, reflected by the association of fire occurrence with 6-month cumulative precipitation and SPEI, create conditions for widespread fires at the southern sites (south of c. 46°S). Regional fires were concurrent with significant positive departures of SAM during the austral spring-summer. This tree-ring fire record reveals the influences of both climate variability and human activities on fire in the N. pumilio forests across the Andes, and also establishes the feasibility of using this tree species as a natural archive of fire history.
DOI: 10.25921/195c-fz33
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Jansma - Velsen Roman Fortress Velsen I Harbour Jetty - QUSP - ITRDB NETH012

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-19. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/1h18-vc02
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Schweingruber - Wylewald BE, Fi.Vergl.Pr - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT152

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2019-01-09. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/1stx-pd29
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stokes - Hualapai Peak - PSME - ITRDB AZ109

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/1hhq-zh74
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Touchan - Barouk - CDLI - ITRDB LEBA001

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-19. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08.
DOI: 10.25921/1mfp-dv26
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Cooke et al. 2007 Southern Tasman Sea DSDP593 Neogene Stable Isotope Data

description: Oxygen and carbon isotopic stratigraphies are presented from both benthic and planktic foraminifera for the late early Miocene to earliest Pliocene interval (c. 19–5 Ma) of intermediate water‐depth DSDP Site 593 in the southern Tasman Sea. The benthic values are interpreted as recording Miocene Southern Component Intermediate Water, while the planktic species record the Miocene mode and surface water signals. Comparisons are made between temperate Site 593 and the intermediate‐depth polar Site 747 in the southern Indian Ocean. Glacial Mi zones Milb‐Mi6, representing extreme glacial events, are evident in both the Site 593 intermediate and surface water records. Miocene Southern Component Intermediate Water δ18O values are generally lighter than the Holocene equivalent (Antarctic Intermediate Water), indicating slightly warmer intermediate waters and/ or less global ice volume. The benthic‐planktic gradient is interpreted as indicating a less stratified Tasman Sea during the Miocene. The benthic δ13C record contains most of the global carbon maxima (CM) events, CM1–7 (CM1–6 = the Monterey Excursion). Like global deep‐water records, the Tasman Sea intermediate water δ13C values indicate that most CM events correspond with Mi glacials, including Mi4 at Site 593, not reported previously. Intermediate waters play an important role in propagating climatic changes from the polar regions to the tropics, and the Site 593 dataset provides a full water column record of the structure of Miocene intermediate to surface watermasses prior to the modern situation.
DOI: 10.25921/13me-ab03
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Villalba - Rio Blanco Jujuy - CEAN - ITRDB ARGE057

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-13. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-29.
DOI: 10.25921/1vbz-fp86
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Woodhouse - Princeton - PIED - ITRDB CO618

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/1xfs-ny56
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Wiles - Upper Nanatuk - TSME - ITRDB AK093

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/1jfh-qf45
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Umbanhowar Fire Data from Fish Lake S, Eastern North America (Paleon) - IMPD USFSS001

description: Records of past fire occurrence from tree rings, charcoal found in lake sediments, and other proxies. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this data set.  Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the data set citations.  Additional information on the International Multiproxy Database (IMPD) data set procedures are also available.

description: Provided Keywords: fire, paleoclimate, climate, charcoal
DOI: 10.25921/19yp-ww76
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kure Atoll, Hawaiian Archipelago Radiocarbon Data from 1939-2002 AD

description: Corals of the Hawaiian Archipelago are well situated in the North Pacific Gyre (NPG) to record how bomb-produced radiocarbon (14C) has been sequestered and transported by the sea. While this signal can be traced accurately through time in reef-building corals and used to infer oceanographic processes and determine the ages of marine organisms, a comprehensive and validated record has been lacking for the Hawaiian Archipelago.  In this study, a coral core from Kure Atoll in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands was used to create a high-resolution bomb 14C record for the years 1939–2002, and was then used with other 14C measurements in fish otoliths and seawater to explore differences and similarities in the bomb 14C signal throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago. The Kure Atoll sample series produced a well-defined bomb 14C curve that, with some exceptions, was similar to other coral 14C records from the Hawaiian Archipelago.  Subtle differences in the coral 14C records across the region may be explained by the large-scale ocean circulation patterns and decadal cycles of the NPG. The most rapid increase of 14C, in the 1950s and 1960s, showed similar timing across the Hawaiian Archipelago and provides a robust basis for use of bomb 14C dating to obtain high precision age determinations of marine organisms. Reference otoliths of juvenile fish demonstrated the use of the post-peak 14C decline period as a viable reference in the age validation of younger and more recently collected fishes, and effectively extended the utility of bomb 14C dating to the latest 30 years.
description: Carbon isotope (D14C) data for years 1939-2002 from a Porites evermanni coral core collected from the backreef of Kure Atoll at depths from 2-4 m.
      Provided Keywords: carbon-14, snapper, grouper, age validation, North Pacific Gyre, oceanography
DOI: 10.25921/1vns-5r30
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Porter - Old Crow River site OC9 - PCGL - ITRDB CANA540

description: We present a new 23-site network of white spruce ring-width chronologies near boreal treeline in Old Crow Flats, Yukon Territory, Canada. Most chronologies span the last 300 years and some reach the mid-16th century. The chronologies exhibit coherent growth patterns before the 1930s. However, since the 1930s, they diverge in trend and exhibit one of two contrasting, but well-replicated patterns we call Group 1 and Group 2. Over the instrumental period (1930-2007) Group 1 sites were inversely correlated with previous-year July temperatures while Group 2 sites were positively correlated with growth-year June temperatures. At the broader northwestern North America (NWNA) scale, we find that the Group 1 and Group 2 patterns are common to a number of white spruce chronologies, which we call NWNA 1 and NWNA 2 chronologies. The NWNA 1 and NWNA 2 chronologies also share a single coherent growth pattern prior to their divergence (ca. 1950s). Comparison of the NWNA 1/NWNA 2 chronologies against gridded 20th-century temperatures for NWNA and reconstructed northern hemisphere summer temperatures (ad 1300-2000) indicates that all sites responded positively to temperature prior to the mid-20th century (at least back to ad 1300), but that some changed to a negative response (NWNA 1) while others maintained a positive response (NWNA 2). The spatial extent of divergence implies a large-scale forcing. As the divergence appears to be restricted to the 20th century, we suggest that the temperature response shift represents a moisture stress caused by an anomalously warm, dry 20th-century climate in NWNA, as indicated by paleoclimatic records. However, because some sites do not diverge and are located within a few kilometres of divergent sites, we speculate that site-level factors have been important in determining the susceptibility of sites to the large-scale drivers of divergence.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-01-27. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/17r9-sf87
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sauchyn - Vicary Mine - PIAL - ITRDB CANA529

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-01-27. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/1f0d-2r83
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lopez - Inpa-Conception - CEMC - ITRDB BOL001

description: Moisture sensitive tree ring chronologies of Centrolobium microchaete have been developed from seasonally dry forests in the southern Amazon Basin and used to reconstruct wet season rainfall totals from 1799 to 2012, adding over 150 years of rainfall estimates to the short instrumental record for the region. The reconstruction is correlated with the same atmospheric variables that influence the instrumental measurements of wet season rainfall. Anticyclonic circulation over midlatitude South America promotes equatorward surges of cold and relatively dry extratropical air that converge with warm moist air to form deep convection and heavy rainfall over this sector of the southern Amazon Basin. Interesting droughts and pluvials are reconstructed during the preinstrumental nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but the tree ring reconstruction suggests that the strong multidecadal variability in instrumental and reconstructed wet season rainfall after 1950 may have been unmatched since 1799.
description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-13. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-29.