cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q9j281m
title: Data from: Functional response of wolves to human development across boreal North America

description: Aim: The influence of humans on large carnivores, including wolves, is a
 worldwide conservation concern. In addition, human‐caused changes in
 carnivore density and distribution might have impacts on prey and,
 indirectly, on vegetation. We therefore tested wolf responses to
 infrastructure related to natural resource development (i.e., human
 footprint). Location: Our study provides one of the most extensive
 assessments of how predators like wolves select habitat in response to
 various degrees of footprint across boreal ecosystems encompassing over a
 million square kilometers of Canada. Methods: We deployed GPS‐collars on
 172 wolves, monitored movements and used a generalized functional response
 (GFR) model of resource selection. A functional response in habitat
 selection occurs when selection varies as a function of the availability
 of that habitat. GFRs can clarify how human‐induced habitat changes are
 influencing wildlife across large, diverse landscapes. Results: Wolves
 displayed a functional response to footprint. Wolves were more likely to
 select forest harvest cutblocks in regions with higher cutblock density
 (i.e., a positive functional response to high‐quality habitats for
 ungulate prey) and to select for higher road density in regions where road
 density was high (i.e., a positive functional response to human‐created
 travel routes). Wolves were more likely to use cutblocks in habitats with
 low road densities, and more likely to use roads in habitats with low
 cutblock densities, except in winter when wolves were more likely to use
 roads regardless of cutblock density. Main conclusions: These interactions
 suggest that wolves trade‐off among human‐impacted habitats, and
 adaptively switch from using roads to facilitate movement (while also
 risking encounters with humans), to using cutblocks that may have higher
 ungulate densities. We recommend that conservation managers consider the
 contextual and interacting effects of footprints when assessing impacts on
 carnivores. These effects likely have indirect impacts on ecosystems too,
 including on prey species.
description: Functional response of
 wolves to human development across boreal North AmericaBoreal wolf RSF raster
 fileswolf_rasters.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6ck4218
title: Data from: Grouper (Epinephelidae) spawning aggregations affect activity space of grey reef sharks, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos, in Pohnpei, Micronesia

description: Fish spawning aggregations (FSA) act as biological hotspots that
 concentrate food and nutrients across a broad trophic spectrum. In Pohnpei
 (Federated States of Micronesia), 20 female grey reef sharks (Carcharhinus
 amblyrhynchos) were acoustically tagged at two multi-species grouper
 (Epinephelidae) FSA to examine the likelihood that these mesopredators
 utilize FSA as a seasonal food source. Both FSA sites are within
 small-scale MPAs, thus providing a secondary opportunity to examine their
 conservation potential during these ephemeral events. Shark movement and
 residency was gauged against known spatial and temporal grouper
 reproductive patterns using an array of 15 and 50 acoustic receivers at
 Ant Atoll and Pohnpei (Island), respectively. Activity space was
 investigated using Kernel Density estimates of individual sharks, and
 residency indices (RI) were analyzed based on daily and monthly occurrence
 at the array. Three distinct residency patterns were identified:
 transient, semi-transient, or resident (Daily RI &lt;0.40,
 &gt;0.40&lt;0.80, or &gt;0.80, respectively). Generalized
 linear mixed models (GLMMs) were used to identify biological and
 environmental factors influencing shark activity space, including month,
 temperature, shark size, spawning month, and residency pattern. Findings
 revealed significant changes in average monthly residency indices and
 kernel densities during spawning months in support of an opportunistic
 foraging strategy around FSA. Monthly residency was higher during spawning
 months among semi-resident and transient sharks, while average monthly
 activity space was concentrated around FSA. Best-fit models for the GLMM
 indicated that activity spaces were most influenced by month and grouper
 spawning month. Seven of 20 sharks demonstrated inter-island movement and
 wide variations in individual movement and spatial requirements were
 shown. The concentration of sharks and groupers at unprotected FSA sites
 increases their vulnerability to fishing and supports the need for
 combined area and non-area management measures to effectively protect
 these species.
description: Acoustic telemetry of
 grey reef sharks in MicronesiaVEMCO vrl files, cleaned
 and aggregated in R. Each row represents one detection by one of 20 tagged
 grey reef sharks. Data columns include Station Name for each receiver,
 Latitude and Longitude for each receiver, Date.Time (the date and time of
 each transmitter detection), Detections (dummy variable equal to 1 for
 ease of summarization), Transmitter_ID (the Transmitter unique
 identification number), and Source (where the shark was originally
 tagged).pohnpei_ant_clean_2018.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.70843h1
title: Data from: Environment changes epistasis to alter trade-offs along alternative evolutionary paths

description: The fitness effect of a mutation can depend on both its genetic background
 and the external environment. Many examples of these dependencies are
 known, but few consider both aspects in combination, especially as they
 affect mutations that have been selected together. We examine interactions
 between five coevolved mutations in eight diverse environments. We find
 that mutations are, on average, beneficial across environments, but that
 there is high variation in their fitness effects, including many examples
 of mutations conferring a cost in some, but not other, genetic
 background-environment combinations. Indeed, even when global interaction
 trends are accounted for, specific local mutation interactions are common
 and differed across environments. One consequence of this dependence is
 that the range of trade-offs in genotype fitness across selected and
 alternative environments are contingent on the particular evolutionary
 path followed over the mutation landscape. Finally, although specific
 interactions were common, there was a consistent pattern of diminishing
 returns whereby mutation effects were less beneficial when added to
 genotypes of higher fitness. Our results underline that specific mutation
 effects are highly dependent on the combination of genetic and external
 environments, and support a general relationship between a genotype’s
 current fitness and its potential to increase in fitness.
description: Fitness
 dataFitness data including
 original competition plate counts for all competitions analysed in this
 work.A-data.fit.txt
DOI: 10.25824/redu/megly5
title: Sistema sensório-motor baseado em solução iônica aplicado em robôs flexíveis

description: Dados de design e performance do Sistema Sensorio-Motor baseado em Solução Iônica.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4p72d8q
title: Data from: Gustatory cues to kinship among males moderate the productivity of females

description: Males of many species harm females as a by-product of intrasexual
 competition, but this harm can be reduced if males are less competitive in
 the presence of familiar relatives. We determined the cue males use to
 identify competitors in this context. We assessed genetic variance in a
 putative kin recognition trait (cuticular hydrocarbons) in male seed
 beetles Callosobruchus maculatus and found that five hydrocarbons had
 significant components of additive genetic variance and could serve as
 relatedness cues. Next, we tested whether hydrocarbons were the mechanism
 males use to distinguish the social identities of competitors when
 strategically adjusting their competitiveness/harmfulness. Pairs of female
 and male C. maculatus were mated in the presence of hydrocarbons extracted
 from males that differed in their relatedness and familiarity to the focal
 male. Females were more productive after mating in the presence of
 extracts from the focal male’s non-relatives, if those extracts were also
 unfamiliar to the focal male. Relatedness had no effect on productivity
 when extracts were familiar to the focal male. These results may be
 reconciled with those of previous studies that manipulated the relatedness
 and familiarity of competing males if the difference between the effect of
 harmfulness on productivity following a single mating and the effect on
 lifetime reproductive fitness after multiple matings is accounted for.
 This study provides a novel demonstration of the mechanism of social
 recognition in the moderation of sexual conflict.
description: Dataset S1 Relative
 AreaFile containing the
 relative area of hydrocarbon peaks in the profiles of male Callosobruchus
 maculatus. For more information please see the legend in the
 spreadsheet.Dataset S2
 PedigreeFile containing the
 pedigree information used in the mixed effects animal model. For more
 information please see the legend in the spreadsheet.Dataset S3
 logPCAFile containing the log
 contrast scores used for the PCA in the manuscript. For more information
 please see the legend in the spreadsheet.Dataset S4
 logPCA2File containing the log
 contrast scores used in the PCA after the removal of peaks to allow a
 suitable value for the determinant. For more information please see the
 legend in the spreadsheet.Dataset S5
 PCdataFile containing the PC
 scores generated by the PCA. For more information please see the legend in
 the spreadsheet.Dataset S6 Probability
 of Laying DataFile containing the data
 describing whether or not each experimental female laid any eggs. For more
 information please see the legend in the spreadsheet.Dataset S7 Productivity
 DataFile containing
 productivity scores for each experimental female. For more information
 please see the legend in the spreadsheet.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ps7k0g4
title: Data from: Spatial structure increases the benefits of antibiotic production in Streptomyces

description: Bacteria in the soil compete for limited resources. One of the ways they
 might do this is by producing antibiotics, but the metabolic costs of
 antibiotics and their low concentrations have caused uncertainty about the
 ecological role of these products for the bacteria that produce them.
 Here, we examine the benefits of streptomycin production by the
 filamentous bacterium Streptomyces griseus. We first provide evidence that
 streptomycin production enables S. griseus to kill and invade the
 susceptible species, S. coelicolor, but not a streptomycin-resistant
 mutant of this species. Next, we show that the benefits of streptomycin
 production are density-dependent, because production scales positively
 with cell number, and frequency-dependent, with a threshold of invasion of
 S. griseus at around 1%. Finally, using serial transfer experiments where
 spatial structure is either maintained or destroyed, we show that spatial
 structure reduces the threshold frequency of invasion by more than
 100-fold, indicating that antibiotic production can permit invasion from
 extreme rarity. Our results show that streptomycin is both an offensive
 and defensive weapon that facilitates invasion into occupied habitats and
 also protects against invasion by competitors. They also indicate that the
 benefits of antibiotic production rely on ecological interactions
 occurring at small local scales.
description: Fitness data on
 bacterial competition between antibiotic producing Streptomyces griseus
 and sensitive Streptomyces coelicolorData collected in the
 lab through competition experiments between the two model organisms
 Streptomyces griseus and Streptomyces coelicolor. Data is organized by
 figure, experimental setup can be found in original publication.
 Abbreviations: Sco - S. coelicolor, Sgr - S. griseus, MIC - Minimal
 Inhibitory ConcentrationWesthoff et al Evolution
 Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6474895
title: Data from: Sibling competition does not magnify inbreeding depression in North American Arabidopsis lyrata

description: About half of all angiosperms have some form of molecular
 self-incompatibility to promote outcrossing. If self-incompatibility
 breaks down, inbreeding depression (δ) is the main barrier to the
 evolution of self-fertilization (selfing). If inbreeding depression is
 lower than 50% (δ&lt;0.5), the inherent transmission advantage of
 selfers should drive the evolution of selfing. However, this does not
 always happen in practice. For example, despite frequent breakdowns of
 self-incompatibility in North American Arabidopsis lyrata, selfing has
 only evolved in few populations. This is surprising given that previous
 inbreeding-depression estimates were well below the 0.5 threshold. Here,
 we test whether this could be due to underestimation of true inbreeding
 depression in competition-free environments. Specifically, we tested
 whether direct competition between crossed and selfed siblings magnified
 inbreeding-depression estimates in A. lyrata. We found that this was
 neither the case for below-, nor for aboveground biomass. For reproductive
 traits, there was hardly any significant inbreeding depression regardless
 of competition. Combined with previous findings that drought stress and
 inducing defense also did not magnify inbreeding depression, our results
 suggest that the relatively low estimates of inbreeding depression for
 biomass are indeed realistic estimates of the true inbreeding depression
 in North American A. lyrata.
description: Data_Heredity_YANLI_2019data_Heredity.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3k221h3
title: Data from: The association between continued residence in temporary prefabricated housing and musculoskeletal pain in survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake: a longitudinal study

description: Objective: Prolonged periods of living in prefabricated houses (PHs) may
 increase the risk of musculoskeletal (MSK) symptoms; however, the
 association is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the association
 between continued residence in PHs and MSK pain in a population affected
 by a natural disaster, the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) survivors.
 Design, setting, and participants: A panel study was conducted including
 1,059 and 792 survivors at 2 and 4 years, respectively, after the GEJE,
 using a self-reported questionnaire. Those with no response on living
 status and those who did not live in a PH were excluded. Participants were
 classified into two groups by living status: continued residence in a PH
 (lived in a PH during both periods) or moving out of a PH (lived in a PH
 in the first period and did not live in a PH in the second). Primary
 outcome measure: MSK pain included lower back, shoulder, knee, hand or
 foot, and neck pain. Changes in the occurrence of MSK pain during the two
 periods were assessed and defined as “new-onset” and “continuing” MSK
 pain. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the
 influence of continued residence in a PH on new–onset and continuing MSK
 pain. Results: Continued residence in a PH was significantly associated
 with new–onset MSK pain, even after adjustment for covariates (adjusted
 odds ratio [OR]: 2.18, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.25–3.79, p =
 0.006). Participants who continued living in a PH had higher rates of
 continuing MSK pain than those who moved out; however, the difference was
 not significant (adjusted OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 0.94–3.05, p = 0.079).
 Conclusion: Continued residence in a PH was associated with new-onset MSK
 pain among survivors. Public support should be provided to such people to
 ensure a more comfortable life.
description: figure
 1study flow
 chartfigure_1.tifsupplementary File. 1health chck up formhealth check up form.pdf
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9440410
title: Data from: Understanding the evolution of ecological sex differences: integrating character displacement and the Darwin-Bateman paradigm

description: Sex differences in selection arise for at least two possible reasons: 1)
 differences originating from anisogamy – the Darwin-Bateman paradigm – and
 2) competition-driven ecological character displacement (ECD), agnostic of
 anisogamy. Despite mounting evidence of ECD and increasing focus on the
 ecological causes and consequences of sexual dimorphism, progress in
 understanding the evolution of ecological sex differences has likely been
 hindered because ecological dimorphisms are not exclusive to ECD. I argue
 that embracing non-exclusivity of causal models of sexual dimorphism
 itself may provide insight into evolution of sex differences. This
 integrated view of the evolution of sexual dimorphism leads to four
 predictions for how sex-specific selection and phenotypic divergence
 between the sexes change over the course of the evolution of sexual
 dimorphism. First, dimorphism resulting directly from anisogamy likely
 precedes evolution of ecological dimorphism driven by ECD. Second,
 ecological sexual dimorphism driven by ECD may (initially) evolve in
 directions in trait space favored by other sources of sex-specific
 selection. Third, we may expect correlated evolution of ecological
 dimorphism and other forms of sexual dimorphism. Finally, ecological
 optima may be sex specific even when competition plays a role in reaching
 them. Rather than simply a less-parsimonious alternative explanation for
 ecological sex differences, ECD should be seen as one likely contributor
 to sex-specific selection that could act at predictable times during the
 evolution of ecological sexual dimorphisms.
description: Literature search
 resultsWeb of Science search
 results for citations to Slatkin 1984Supplementary_Material_Updated.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ss25rp7
title: Data from: Beyond balancing selection: frequent mitochondrial recombination contributes to high female frequencies in gynodioecious Lobelia siphilitica L. (Campanulaceae)

description: (1) Gynodioecy is a sexual system where females and hermaphrodites
 co-occur. In most gynodioecious angiosperms, sex is determined by an
 interaction between mitochondrial male-sterility genes (CMS) that arise
 via recombination and nuclear restorer alleles that evolve to suppress
 them. In theory, gynodioecy occurs when multiple CMS types are maintained
 at equilibrium frequencies by balancing selection. However, some
 gynodioecious populations contain very high frequencies of females. High
 female frequencies are not expected under balancing selection, but could
 be explained by the repeated introduction of novel CMS types. (2) To test
 for balancing selection and/or the repeated introduction of novel CMS, we
 characterized cytoplasmic haplotypes from 61 populations of Lobelia
 siphilitica that vary widely in female frequency. (3) We confirmed that
 mitotype diversity and female frequency were positively correlated across
 populations, consistent with balancing selection. However, while
 low-female populations hosted mostly common mitotypes, high-female
 populations and female plants hosted mostly rare, recombinant mitotypes
 likely to carry novel CMS types. (4) Our results suggest that balancing
 selection maintains established CMS types across this species, but extreme
 female frequencies result from frequent invasion by novel CMS types. We
 conclude that balancing selection alone cannot account for extreme
 population sex-ratio variation within a gynodioecious species.
description: Distribution of
 cytoplasmic haplotypes among populations of Lobelia siphilitica varying in
 sex ratioDistribution of plastid
 and 3-locus mitochondrial haplotypes among 220 individuals of Lobelia
 siphilitica. Individual samples are identified by their population of
 origin, population location (US state or Canadian province), and the sex
 of the plant (female, F or hermaphrodite, H). Average population sex ratio
 (percent female averaged across years) and sex-ratio quartile (0%,
 0.1-10%, 10.1-50%, &gt;50% female) are also shown. Plastid haplotypes are
 based on intergenic sequences of psbK–rps16, excluding an imperfect
 minisatellite locus (13 unique haplogroups labeled 'C#').
 Concatenated 3-locus mitochondrial haplotypes are based on sequenced
 alleles of nad7ab (A–K), atp6 (1–11) and Ψrps12 (a–f). '_'
 indicates missing sequences for a particular mitochondrial allele.
 Mitotype classes: C= common mitotypes found in at least 5 individuals and
 at least 3 populations; RA= rare mitotypes with rare alleles for at least
 one marker locus; RR= rare combinations of common alleles at each marker
 locus.Adhikari_etal_Data_Fig4.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dd97q1p
title: Data from: Consistent within‐individual plasticity is sufficient to explain temperature responses in red deer reproductive traits

description: Warming global temperatures are affecting a range of aspects of wild
 populations, but the exact mechanisms driving associations between
 temperature and phenotypic traits may be difficult to identify. Here, we
 use a 36‐year data set on a wild population of red deer to investigate the
 causes of associations between temperature and two important components of
 female reproduction: timing of breeding and offspring size. By separating
 within‐ versus between‐individual associations with temperature for each
 trait, we show that within‐individual phenotypic plasticity (changes
 within a female's lifetime) was entirely sufficient to generate the
 observed population‐level association with temperature at key times of
 year. However, despite apparently adequate statistical power, we found no
 evidence of any variation between females in their responses (i.e. no
 “IxE” interactions). Our results suggest that female deer show plasticity
 in reproductive traits in response to temperatures in the year leading up
 to calving and that this response is consistent across individuals,
 implying no potential for either selection or heritability of plasticity.
 We estimate that the plastic response to rising temperatures explained 24%
 of the observed advance in mean calving date over the study period. We
 highlight the need for comparable analyses of other systems to determine
 the contribution of within‐individual plasticity to population‐level
 responses to climate change.
description: CalvingDateCalfBirthWeight