cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/33604ea0-c238-4488-813d-0ad9ab7c51ca
title: Gridded estimates of daily and monthly areal rainfall for the United Kingdom (1890-2015) [CEH-GEAR]

description: 1 km gridded estimates of daily and monthly rainfall for Great-Britain and Northern Ireland (together with approximately 3000 km2 of catchment in the Republic of Ireland) from 1890 to 2015. The rainfall estimates are derived from the Met Office national database of observed precipitation. To derive the estimates, monthly and daily (when complete month available) precipitation totals from the UK rain gauge network are used. The natural neighbour interpolation methodology, including a normalisation step based on average annual rainfall, was used to generate the daily and monthly estimates. The estimated rainfall on a given day refers to the rainfall amount precipitated in 24 hours between 9am on that day until 9am on the following day. The CEH-GEAR dataset has been developed according to the guidance provided in BS 7843-4:2012.
description: The rainfall estimates are derived from the Met Office national database of observed precipitations. To derive the monthly estimates, monthly and daily (when complete month available) precipitation totals from the UK raingauge network are used. An additional quality control step (data already quality controlled by the Met Office) was introduced to check events greater than the 200 year return period. The natural neighbour interpolation methodology, including a normalisation step based on average annual rainfall (SAAR61-90), was used to generate the daily and monthly rainfall grids. The daily grids are adjusted so that the monthly totals calculated from those are in agreement with the monthly grids. As an indicator of the quality of the estimates, the dataset also contains for each grid generated a grid containing the distance to the closest raingauge used to interpolate the grid point. A grid containing the number of missing estimates for each year is also provided. The CEH-GEAR dataset has been developed according to the guidance provided in BS 7843-4:2012.

This version of the CEH-GEAR dataset differs from the previous version (1890-2014) only by temporal coverage.  That is, previous years' data have not been modified.
DOI: 10.57745/brxwaf
title: eco2adapt_Soil MicroResp_T0_Lithuania.tab

description: :unav
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17864013
title: Supplementary material for "Thermal Behavior in Micro-Grinding of Titanium Alloy Using an Environmentally Friendly Air Flow (AF)-Assisted Electrospray Nanofluid Lubrication" by Lee et al.

description: Supplementary material for "Thermal Behavior in Micro-Grinding of Titanium Alloy Using an Environmentally Friendly Air Flow (AF)-Assisted Electrospray Nanofluid Lubrication" by Lee et al.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18403741
title: Supplementary material for "Thermal Behavior in Micro-Grinding of Titanium Alloy Using an Environmentally Friendly Air Flow (AF)-Assisted Electrospray Nanofluid Lubrication" by Lee et al.

description: Supplementary material for "Thermal Behavior in Micro-Grinding of Titanium Alloy Using an Environmentally Friendly Air Flow (AF)-Assisted Electrospray Nanofluid Lubrication" by Lee et al.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9cnp5hqq4
title: The extent of rapid colour change in male agamid lizards is unrelated to overall sexual dichromatism

description: Dynamic colour change is widespread in ectothermic animals, but has
 primarily been studied in the context of background matching. For most
 species, we lack quantitative data on the extent of colour change across
 different contexts. It is also unclear whether and how colour change
 varies across body regions, and how overall sexual dichromatism relates to
 the extent of individual colour change. In this study, we obtained
 reflectance measures in response to different stimuli for males and
 females of six species of agamid lizards (Agamidae, sister family to
 Chameleonidae) comprising three closely related species pairs. We computed
 the colour volume in a lizard-vision colour space occupied by males and
 females of each species and estimated overall sexual dichromatism based on
 the area of non-overlapping male and female colour volumes.  As
 expected, males had larger colour volumes than females, but the extent of
 colour change in males differed between species and between body regions.
 Notably, species that were most sexually dichromatic were not necessarily
 those in which males showed the greatest individual colour change. Our
 results indicate that the extent of colour change is independent of the
 degree of sexual dichromatism and demonstrate that colour change on
 different body regions can vary substantially even between pairs of
 closely related species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d7wm37q67
title: Continuous remobilization from belowground provides more than half of all carbon and nitrogen in regrowing shoots after grassland defoliation

description: Remobilization of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) from roots and crowns to
 regrowing shoots is an important strategy for grassland plants to tolerate
 herbivory. While this remobilization is thought to terminate once plants
 have the capacity to photosynthesize again and to take up N from the soil,
 this has rarely been quantified. Here we investigated the remobilization
 of C and N to regrowing shoots of a perennial grassland under two
 defoliation frequencies (every 15 and 30 days) and two N fertilization
 levels (0 and 2.8 g m-2) by growing intact plant-soil cores for 60 days in
 a growth chamber. We measured the C remobilization from roots and crowns
 to regrowing shoots using a novel continuous 13C labelling method, and
 quantified the N remobilization to regrowing shoots and plant N uptake
 from soil with a 15N tracer method. Regrowing shoots relied strongly on
 belowground C reserves, where up to 52% of C in regrowing shoots came from
 belowground during the first 30 days after defoliation. Belowground C was
 still remobilized when plant shoots had fully regrown and retained full
 capacity to photosynthesize. Plants relied more on C remobilization with
 shorter times between defoliation events at the expense of root biomass,
 particularly without N fertilization. Large amounts of C remobilization
 were accompanied by large amounts of N remobilization (up to 89% of total
 shoot N) that were positively related, suggesting a coupled C and N
 transfer from roots and crowns to shoots. Synthesis. The unexpectedly high
 dependency on C and N remobilization occurred continuously after
 defoliation and did not terminate once plants were fully regrown. Our
 results indicate that remobilization of C and N from belowground has
 profound effects on long-term productivity and C sequestration that needs
 to be considered for managing similar grasslands worldwide.
description: The dataset was obtained from a growth chamber experiment after
 transferring intact plant-soil cores from a grassland near Camden, NSW,
 Australia.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qz612jmmt
title: The phageome in normal and inflamed human skin

description: Dysbiosis of skin microbiota drives the progression of atopic dermatitis
 (AD). The contribution of bacteriophages to bacterial community
 compositions in normal and inflamed skin is unknown. Using shotgun
 metagenomics from skin swabs of healthy individuals and AD patients, we
 discovered 13586 potential viral contiguous DNA sequences, which could be
 combined into 164 putative viral genomes including 133 putative phages.
 The Shannon diversity index for the viral metagenome-assembled genomes
 (vMAGs) did not correlate with AD. In total we identified 28 vMAGs that
 differed significantly between normal and AD skin. qPCR validation of
 three complete vMAGs revealed their independence from host bacterium
 abundance. Our data indicate that normal and inflamed skin harbor distinct
 phageomes and suggest a causative relationship between changing viral and
 bacterial communities as a driver of skin pathology
description: Samples were collected between 2020 and 2022. Two skin swabs per
 participant were taken from a 5x5 cm area at the ventral aspect of the
 elbows and DNA was isolated using the QIAmp DNA Microbiome Kit (Qiagen,
 GER) with some protocol modifications. Briefly, cotton swabs (Raucotupf,
 AT) were prewetted in sterile saline (0.9% NaCl, Braun, GER) before skin
 was sampled. Both swabs were swirled in an Eppendorf tube containing 1 ml
 PBS and 0.5 ml eukaryotic cell lysis buffer, which lyses human cells, but
 leaves bacteria and viruses unharmed. Samples were rotated for 2 hours at
 room temperature, followed by nuclease treatment to deplete human DNA that
 was released by eukaryotic cell lysis. All further steps were performed
 according to the manufacturer's protocol. Isolated DNA was submitted
 to the Joint Microbiome Facility for library preparation and
 metagenomic shot-gun sequencing. Briefly, extracted DNA was fragmented
 enzymatically, followed by adapter and index ligation to prepare the
 library (NEB Next. Ultra™ II DNA Library Prep Kit) for sequencing. Next
 generation sequencing was performed on NovaSeq 6000 SP flowcell (1 lane)
 using a 100bp Paired End protocol.
description: Analysis codes are available
 on GitHub: https://github.com/Mwielscher/AD_phageDiscovery
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wm37pvmt3
title: Tree biomass does not correlate with soil carbon stocks in forest-tundra ecotones along a 1100 km latitudinal gradient in Norway

description: Due to climate warming, forests are expanding to higher elevations and
 latitudes at the expense of tundra vegetation. While the subsequent
 increase in aboveground biomass is well-documented, there is much
 speculation regarding the effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. To
 provide insight into the consequences of tree encroachment into treeless
 tundra, we sampled SOC stocks across 36 forest-tundra ecotones along a
 1100 km latitudinal gradient in Norway. Our results show that SOC stocks
 vary greatly within, as well as among treeline ecotones, and that SOC
 stocks do not correlate with tree biomass and tree species. SOC stocks do
 increase with temperature, and vary with slope steepness, slope aspect,
 and soil parent material. Applying a ‘space-for-time substitution’
 perspective, our findings suggest that tree encroachment into tundra is
 unlikely to have immediate consequences for SOC stocks.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kprr4xh9h
title: Data from: The quest for good genes: epigamic traits, fitness, MHC and multilocus heterozygosity in the guppy

description: The “good genes” hypothesis for the evolution of male secondary sexual
 traits poses that female preferences for such traits are driven by
 indirect genetic benefits. However, support for the hypothesis remains
 ambiguous, and, in particular, the genetic basis for the benefits has
 rarely been investigated. Here, we use semi-natural populations of
 Trinidadian guppies to investigate whether sexually selected traits
 (orange, black and iridescent colouration, gonopodium length and body
 size) predict fitness measured as the number of grandoffspring, a metric
 that integrates across fitness components and sexes. Furthermore, we
 tested whether two potential sources of genetic benefits – major
 histocompatibility complex (MHC) genotypes and multilocus heterozygosity
 (MLH) – are significant predictors of fitness and of the size of sexually
 selected traits. We found a significant, non-linear effect of the area of
 black pigmentation and male body size on the number of grandoffspring,
 suggesting stabilising selection on black area, and non-linear selection
 favouring small body size. MLH was heritable (h2 = 0.14) and significantly
 predicted the number of grandoffspring, indicating the potential for
 genetic benefits based on heterozygosity. We also found support for local
 heterozygosity effects, which may reflect a non-even distribution of
 genetic load across the genome. MHC genotype was not significantly
 associated with any tested fitness component, or with the load of
 Gyrodactylus parasites. Neither MHC nor MLH was a significant predictor of
 sexually selected traits. Overall, our results highlight the role of
 heterozygosity in determining fitness but do not provide support for male
 sexually selected traits being indicators of genetic quality. 
description: Uploaded data: Inputs data and
 analysis R scripts  Inputs data and Python
 scripts  Excel and text files
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79cnp5j1m
title: Data for: Increases in functional diversity of mountain plant communities is mainly driven by species turnover under climate change

description: Warming in mountain regions is projected to be three times faster than the
 global average. Pronounced climate change will likely lead to species
 reshuffling in mountain plant communities and consequently change
 ecosystem resilience and functioning. Yet, little is known about the role
 of inter- versus intraspecific changes of plant traits and their
 consequences for functional richness and evenness of mountain plant
 communities under climate change.  We performed a downslope
 translocation experiment of intact plant-soil mesocosms from an alpine
 pasture and a subalpine grassland in the Swiss and Austrian Alps to
 simulate an abrupt shift in climate and removal of dispersal barriers.
 Translocated plant communities experienced warmer and dryer climatic
 conditions. We found a considerable shift from resource
 conservative to resource acquisitive leaf-economy in the two climate
 change scenarios. However, shifts in leaf-economy were mainly attributable
 to species turnover, namely colonization by novel lowland species with
 trait expressions for a wider range of resource use. We also found an
 increase in vegetative height of the warmed and drought-affected alpine
 plant community, while trait plasticity to warming and drought was limited
 to few graminoid species of the subalpine plant community. Our results
 highlight the contrast between the strong competitive potential of novel
 lowland species in quickly occupying available niche space and native
 species’ lack of both the intraspecific trait variability and the plant
 functional trait expressions needed to increase functional richness under
 warming and drought. This is particularly important for the trailing range
 of many mountain species (i.e. subalpine zone) where upward moving lowland
 species are becoming more abundant and abiotic climate stressors are
 likely to become more frequent in the near future. Our study emphasizes
 mountain plant communities’ vulnerability to novel climates and biotic
 interactions under climate change and highlights graminoid species as
 potential winners of a warmer and dryer future.
DOI: 10.57745/spzcxi
title: eco2adapt_Soil SIR_T0_Lithuania.tab

description: :unav
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hhc
title: Data from: Direct and indirect effects of urbanization, pesticides, and wild insect pollinators on mango yield

description: Expanding cities increasingly encroach fertile farmlands, questioning the
 viability of maintaining agriculture within and around them. Yet, our
 knowledge on how urbanization influences pollinator communities and the
 provision of pollination services to crops is limited, especially for the
 urbanization hotspots of the Global South. Mango (Mangifera indica) is one
 of the most important fruit crops in tropical countries. To analyze the
 dependency of mango on its main insect pollinators, and the direct and
 indirect effects of urbanization and insecticides on pollinator abundance
 and mango yield, we conducted a pollinator exclusion experiment and
 sampled flower visitors on 16 mango farms spread across rural-urban
 landscapes in Bengaluru, a South Indian megacity. We found that allowing
 flowers access to ants and flying visitors (bees, hoverflies, non-syrphid
 flies), dramatically increased mango yield by 350%, highlighting the
 importance of wild insects for mango pollination. We detected a trend
 between wild bee abundance and the final fruit set, with an increase of
 20% when the number of bees increased from 25 to 125. Urbanization did not
 directly affect pollinator abundance or mango yield. However, the amount
 of insecticide applications had strong negative effects on wild bee
 abundance at low and intermediate levels of urbanization, while it had no
 effect in highly urbanized areas, presumably because of higher
 availability of flowering resources. Moreover, the amount of insecticides
 decreased the weight of harvested mango fruits by almost 30%. This may
 indicate trade-offs between conventional pest control and enhanced crop
 yields through pollination by wild insects in rural areas. Synthesis and
 applications. Our results indicate that mango production can be maintained
 at a profitable level in urbanized landscapes with insect pollinators more
 than tripling final yield. However, increasing use of insecticides,
 besides raising farmers’ expenses, can have negative effects on wild
 insect pollinators and mango yield, especially in rural areas. To
 safeguard crucial pollination services, it is therefore critical to
 conserve and promote wild insect pollinators by minimizing the negative
 effects of insecticide applications in these areas.
DOI: 10.5285/f2856ee8-da6e-4b67-bedb-590520c77b3c
title: Gridded estimates of daily and monthly areal rainfall for the United Kingdom (1890-2014) [CEH-GEAR]

description: 1 km gridded estimates of daily and monthly rainfall for Great-Britain and Northern Ireland (together with approximately 3000 km2 of catchment in the Republic of Ireland) from 1890 to 2014. The rainfall estimates are derived from the Met Office national database of observed precipitation. To derive the estimates, monthly and daily (when complete month available) precipitation totals from the UK rain gauge network are used. The natural neighbour interpolation methodology, including a normalisation step based on average annual rainfall, was used to generate the daily and monthly estimates. The estimated rainfall on a given day refers to the rainfall amount precipitated in 24 hours between 9am on that day until 9am on the following day. The CEH-GEAR dataset has been developed according to the guidance provided in BS 7843-4:2012.
description: The rainfall estimates are derived from the Met Office national database of observed precipitations. To derive the monthly estimates, monthly and daily (when complete month availabe) precipitation totals from the UK raingauge network are used. An additional quality control step (data already quality controlled by the Met Office) was introduced to check events greater than the 200 year return period. The natural neighbour interpolation methodology, including a normalisation step based on average annual rainfall (SAAR61-90), was used to generate the daily and monthly rainfall grids. The daily grids are adjusted so that the monthly totals calculated from those are in agreement with the monthly grids. As an indicator of the quality of the estimates, the dataset also contains for each grid generated a grid containing the distance to the closest raingauge used to interpolate the grid point. A grid containing the number of missing estimates for each year is also provided. The CEH-GEAR dataset has been developed according to the guidance provided in BS 7843-4:2012.

This version of the CEH-GEAR dataset differs from the previous version (1890-2012) only by temporal coverage.  That is, previous years' data have not been modified.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mkkwh715d
title: Data from: Observational approaches to chimpanzee behavior in an African sanctuary: implications for research, welfare, and capacity-building

description: Research in African ape sanctuaries has emerged as an important context
 for our understanding of comparative cognition and behavior. While much of
 this work has focused on experimental studies of cognition, these animals
 semi-free-range in forest habitats and therefore can also provide
 important information about the behavior of primates in
 socioecologically-relevant naturalistic contexts. In this ‘New Approaches’
 article, we describe a project where we implemented a synthetic program of
 observational data collection at Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary in
 Uganda, directly modeled after long-term data collection protocols at the
 Kibale Chimpanzee Project in Uganda, a wild chimpanzee field site. The
 foundation for this project was a strong partnership between sanctuary
 staff, field site staff, and external researchers. We describe how we
 developed a data-collection protocol through discussion and collaboration
 among these groups, and trained sanctuary caregivers to collect novel
 observational data using these protocols. We use these data as a case
 study to examine: (1) how behavioral observations in sanctuaries can
 inform primate welfare and care practices, such as by understanding
 aggression within the group; (2) how matched observational protocols
 across sites can inform our understanding of primate behavior across
 different contexts, including sex differences in social relationships; and
 (3) how more robust collaborations between foreign researchers and local
 partners can support capacity-building in primate range countries, along
 with mentoring and training students more broadly.
description: See methods
 in the manuscript for all details.
description: Please see the key
 tabs in the files for all details on data usage information.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wdbrv15tq
title: Similar parasite communities but dissimilar infection patterns in two closely related chickadee species

description: Haemosporidian parasite communities are broadly similar in Boulder County,
 CO between two common songbirds –– the Black-capped Chickadee (Poecile
 atricapillus) and Mountain Chickadee (Poecile gambeli). However, Mountain
 Chickadees appear more likely to be infected with Plasmodium and
 potentially experience higher infection burdens with Leucocytozoon in
 contrast to Black-capped Chickadees. We found that elevation change (and
 associated ecology) drives the distributions of these parasite genera. For
 Boulder County chickadees, environmental factors play a more important
 role in structuring haemosporidian communities than host evolutionary
 differences. However, evolutionary differences are likely key to shaping
 the probability of infection, infection burden, and whether an infection
 remains detectable over time. We found that for recaptured birds, their
 infection status (i.e., presence or absence of detectable parasite
 infection) tends to remain consistent across capture periods. We sampled
 234 chickadees between 2017–2021 across a ~1500-meter elevation gradient
 from low elevation (i.e., the city of Boulder) to comparatively high
 elevation (i.e., the CU Boulder Mountain Research Station). It is unknown
 whether long-term haemosporidian abundance trends have changed over time
 in our sampling region. However, we ask whether potentially disparate
 patterns of Plasmodium susceptibility and Leucocytozoon infection burden
 could be playing a role in the negative population trends of Mountain
 Chickadees.