DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhn1g
title: Data from: Effect of exogenous salicylic acid on the demographic characteristics of <em>Myzus persicae</em> (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to potato plants

description: Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is an economically
 important pest of potatoes. Salicylic acid (SA), a key plant hormone,
 plays an important role in plant growth and stress resistance. However,
 the role of SA in inducing potato resistance to M. persicae remains poorly
 understood. This study investigated the effect of foliar application of SA
 at different concentrations (0.05 mM, 0.5 mM, and 5 mM) on the demographic
 characteristics of M. persicae using an age-stage, two-sex life table
 approach. The application of 5 mM SA significantly prolonged the pre-adult
 developmental duration and total pre-reproductive period (TPRP).
 Furthermore, life expectancy (exj), reproductive duration, net maternity
 function (lxmx), and mean fecundity were reduced in 5 mM SA-treated plants
 compared to the control. Consequently, this led to a lower net
 reproductive rate (R0 = 42.53 offspring/female), intrinsic rate of
 increase (r = 0.2852 d-1), and finite rate of increase (λ =
 1.3301 d-1). Furthermore, the population projection showed an 18.8-fold
 reduction in population size in 5 mM SA-treated potato
 plants. The findings indicate that 5 mM SA treatment can
 effectively induce resistance (i.e., antibiosis) to M. persicae in
 potatoes by reducing its demographic performance. These findings highlight
 the potential application of SA as a natural resistance inducer in
 integrated pest management (IPM) strategies targeting potato aphids.
description: # Data from: Effect of exogenous salicylic acid on the demographic
 characteristics of *Myzus persicae* (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to
 potato plants ###### Dataset Doi:
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhn1g](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhn1g) #### Description of the data and file structure ##### **Raw_data.zip** This data set includes two data folders: **Figures** and **Tables** ###### **Figures:** This folder contains the different txt files used for generating the Fig.1, Fig.2, and Fig.3; as well as Fig.S1, Fig.S2, and Fig.S3. * **0.05mM, 0.5mM, 5 mM, and control (without salicylic acid)--Fig. 1_Sxj.txt: Age-stage survival rate (Sxj) of** ***Myzus persicae*** **reared on potato plants treated with 0.05/0.5/5mM concentrations of salicylic acid (SA).**   clear explanation for varible (i.e., colume name):   "Age-stage survival rate"-- Age-stage-specific survival rate (s_xj): the probability of a newly emerged nymph survives to age x and stage j.   N1, N2, N3, and N4--the abbreviation for Nymph 1, Nymph 2, Nymph 3, and Nymph 4. * **0.05mM, 0.5mM, 5 mM, and control (without salicylic acid)--Fig. 2_FxjLxMxLxMx.txt:** Population age-specific survival rate ("l" \_"x" ), population age-specific fecundity (m_x), and population age-specific net maternity ("l" \_"x" "m" \_"x" ) of *Myzus persicae* reared on potato plants treated with 0.05/0.5/5mM concentrations of salicylic acid (SA).   "Age-stage survival rate"-- Age-stage-specific survival rate (s_xj): the probability of a newly emerged nymph survives to age x and stage j.   "l(x)"-- Age-specific survival rate (l_x): the probability of a newly-emerged aphid survives to age x (d).   "f(x,female)"-- Female age-stage specific fecundity (f_xj): the mean fecundity of individuals at age x and stage j.   "m(x)"-- Age-specific maternity (m_x): the average population fecundity of individuals at age x.   "l(x)*m(x)"--population age-specific net maternity ("l" \_"x" "m" \_"x" ).   "Cumu[l(x)*m(x)]"--cumulative reproductive rate. * **0.05mM, 0.5mM, 5 mM, and control (without salicylic acid)--Fig. 3_log Stage size.txt:** Population projection of *Myzus persicae* (the initial population size was set as ten newly emerged nymphs) reared on potato plants treated with 0.05/0.5/5mM concentrations of salicylic acid (SA).   "Stage structure curves log(Nt+1) (base 10)"-- the stage structure and population dynamics of *M. persicae* over a 60-day period were projected, starting with an initial cohort of ten newly emerged nymphs. * **0.05mM, 0.5mM, 5 mM, and control (without salicylic acid)--Fig. S1_Exj.txt:** Age-stage specific life expectancy (e_xj) of *Myzus persicae* reared on potato plants treated with 0.05/0.5/5mM concentrations of salicylic acid (SA).   "Age-stage life expectancy"--Age-stage-specific life expectancy (e_xj): the time length that an individual of age x and stage j is expected to live (Chi and Su 2006).   **Reference**   Chi H, Su HY. 2006. Age-stage, two-sex life tables of Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and its host Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) with mathematical proof of the relationship between female fecundity and the net reproductive rate. Environ. Entomol. 35(1):10–21. [https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-35.1.10](https://doi.org/10.1603/0046-225x-35.1.10) * **0.05mM, 0.5mM, 5 mM, and control (without salicylic acid)--Fig. S2_Vxj.txt:** Reproductive value (v_xj) of *Myzus persicae* reared on potato plants treated with 0.05mM concentrations of salicylic acid (SA). The purple dashed line is the TPRP.   "Age-stage reproductive value"--Age-stage reproductive value (v_xj) is the contribution of an aphid individual at age x and stage j to the future population (Tuan et al. 2014a, 2014b).   TPRP--the abbreviation for total pre-reproductive period, which is the time interval from birth to first reproduction of the female individual.   **Reference** Tuan SJ, Lee CC, Chi H. 2014a. Population and damage projection of *Spodoptera litura* (F.) on peanuts (*Arachis hypogaea* L.) under different conditions using the age-stage, two-sex life table. Pest Manag. Sci. 70(5):805–813. [https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3618](https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3618)   Tuan SJ, Lee CC, Chi H. 2014b. [Erratum] Population and damage projection of Spodoptera litura (F.) on peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) under different conditions using the age-stage, two-sex life table. Pest Manag. Sci. 70(12):1936. [https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3920](https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.3920) * **0.05mM, 0.5mM, 5 mM, and control (without salicylic acid)_Fig. S3 The confidence interval of population growth:** Population projection using the original cohort life tables, and the bootstrap life table samples constructed based on the 2.5% and 97.5% percentiles of the net reproductive rate (R_0) and the finite increase of rate (λ).   To assess the variability of population growth, we selected the 0.025 and 0.975 percentiles, that is the 2500th and 97500th sorted bootstrap samples based on the 100,000 bootstrap results of the net reproductive rate (R_0) and the finite increase of rate (λ). Then, the bootstrap life table samples (i.e., R_0 ,_0.025 and R_0 ,_0.975 as well as λ_0.025 and λ_0.975) were used to project the population growth (Huang et al. 2018).   **Reference** Huang, H. W., H. Chi, and C. L. Smith. 2018. "Linking demography and consumption of *Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata* (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on *Solanum photeinocarpum* (Solanales: Solanaceae): with a new method to project the uncertainty of population growth and consumption." Journal of Economic Entomology 111: 1–9. [https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox330](https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox330) **Tables:** This folder contains the different txt files used for generating the Table 1, Table 2, and Table S2. Four folders (namely 0(Control), 0.05, 0.5, and 5) represents the original Effect bootstrap samples used for Paired bootstrap test. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) did not differ significantly between 0.05 mM and the control (CK). However, both treatments showed significantly higher r values than the 0.5 mM and 5 mM treatments after Sidak correction (α = 0.0085). No significant difference was detected between 0.5 mM and 5 mM. Overall, higher concentrations significantly reduced population growth rate. * "Tables" folder contains the detailed paired bootstrap test results used for generating the Table 1, Table 2, and Table S2. -   N1, N2, N3, and N4--the developmental duration of Nymph 1, Nymph 2, Nymph 3, and Nymph 4. *   Reproduction period is the time interval from the first to the last reproduction. -   Reproduction days is calculated by taking only those days (time units) with fecundity greater 0 into account. It is the actual days of production. *   Adult pre-reproductive period (APRP): the length of time between the female adult emergence and first reproduction. -   Total pre-reproductive period (TPRP): the time interval from birth to first reproduction of the female individual. *   Mean fecundity (F): the number of offsprings produced by females throughout their lifespan. N_f is the total number of female adults, E_x is the total number of offspring produced by the female (Yang et al. 2020). -   Net reproductive rate (R_0): the total number of offspring produced by an individual during its lifespan (Chi and Liu 1985). *   The intrinsic rate of increase (r): The population size will grow at the e^r fold rate per day when the population approaches the stable age-stage distribution (SASD). It is calculated using the iterative bisection method from Euler-Lotka formula with age indexed from 0 (Goodman 1982, Özgökçe et al. 2018). -   Finite rate of increase (λ): The population size will grow at the λ fold rate per day when the population approaches the SASD. *   Mean generation time (T): the time required for the population to expand to R_0-fold of its size when the population approaches the SASD. -   SASD--The abbreviation for the stable age-stage distribution (SASD).   **Reference**   Chi H, Liu H. 1985. Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bull. Inst. Zool. Acad. Sin 24(2):225–240   Yang XM, Sun LJ, Chi H et al. 2020. Demography of Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae ) reared on *Brassica oleracea* (Brassicales: Brassicaceae) and Phaseolus vulgaris (Fabales: Fabaceae) with discussion on the application of the bootstrap technique in life table research. J. Econ. Entomol. 113(5):2390–2398. [https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa171](https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa171)   Goodman D. 1982. Optimal life histories, optimal notation, and the value of reproductive value. Am. Nat. 119(6):803–823. [https://doi.org/10.1086/283956](https://doi.org/10.1086/283956)   Özgökçe MS, Chi H, Atlıhan R et al. 2018. Demography and population projection of *Myzus persicae* (Sulz.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on five pepper (*Capsicum annuum* L.) cultivars. Phytoparasitica 46(2):153–167. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-018-0651-0](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-018-0651-0) #### Code/Software * The TWOSEX-MSChart computer program can be download in the website: [http://140.120.197.173/Ecology/Download/Twosex-MSChart-B100000.rar](http://140.120.197.173/Ecology/Download/Twosex-MSChart-B100000.rar) * The subroutine of the paired bootstrap test was embedded in the TWOSEX-MSChart program. * All figures were generated using SigmaPlot software (version 14.0; Systat Software, Inc., San Jose, CA, USA)