cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870818
title: Carbon steel 1040 as an indicator of the aggressiveness of soil and cement paste in anchorage systems of transmission lines

description: ABSTRACT The encasement of anchor rods in cement paste reduces the contact of metal materials with aggressive environments in guyed power transmission line towers, however, many cases of premature failure due to corrosion of the anchorage systems are still reported. Chloride ions are considered to be one of the main factors responsible for the initiation and propagation of corrosion, however, there are many differences regarding the critical concentration of chloride in the soil and cement paste and their influence on the formation of corrosion products. In this study carbon steel 1040 was exposed in the laboratory to environments with different concentrations of chloride ions, 764 and 1764 mg/kg in the soil, 2.0% and 3.5% in the cement paste, based on the analytical results obtained in samples of rods and their surroundings, taken from the field. The investigation of the corrosion state of the metal in the laboratory was evaluated, over time, by the measurement of open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with elemental chemical analysis (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). By means of the EIS analysis, it was possible to detect the evolution of the corrosive process of the metal in the soil and cement paste, even though different forms of corrosion were observed: general in the soil and localized in the cement paste. Moreover, the evaluation of the corrosion products, by SEM and XRD, indicated the presence of goethite and calcite on the steel surface exposed to the soil, and in the steel encapsulated in cement paste it was possible to visualize the pits formed and the compositions of their surface surroundings. These results suggest to need to use corrosion resistant metals in environments with chloride ions, in order to increase the durability of the anchorage system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870821
title: Publicism and conservative politics of Brazil in the XIX century

description: Abstract This article focuses on the political uses of the Law, more specifically on the way that fractions of the Brazilian imperial elite mobilized discourses. The main goal of this approach is to discuss the mobilization of legal knowledge in the context of the conflicts engendered in the 19th century about the definition of a model of State in Brazil, through socio-historical methodology. This research shows the uses of publicism , as well as the invention of constitutionalism, as strategies in the political game, which correspond to the rivalry between elites in the process of construction and legitimation of a regime with monarchical features and centralized.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870827.v1
title: Influence of the projectile’s geometry on dynamic tension experiment

description: ABSTRACT The focus of this study is to discuss the influence of the projectile’s length on the results of an experiment of the Hopkinson Traction Bar (SHTB). Simulations have been made by means of finite elements using the commercial software ABAQUS in tests of traction at high speeds of deformation in samples of aluminum alloy 7017T73 varying the length of the projectile. Finite element analyses have been applied to simulate the effects of the variation in the length of the projectile in the measurements obtained in the incident, reflected and transmitted rods. Different warp speeds have been obtained by varying the length of the projectile while remaining constant speed. The results of the simulation show that the length of the projectile has a significant effect on the tension obtained in the sample and on the curve of tension-deformation. It can be concluded that the length of the projectile is a factor influencing the tests of dynamic traction, since it has a significant effect on the tension obtained inside the specimen. The simulations also provide complementary information to the experiments and a thorough understanding of the specimen’s behavior.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870821.v1
title: Publicism and conservative politics of Brazil in the XIX century

description: Abstract This article focuses on the political uses of the Law, more specifically on the way that fractions of the Brazilian imperial elite mobilized discourses. The main goal of this approach is to discuss the mobilization of legal knowledge in the context of the conflicts engendered in the 19th century about the definition of a model of State in Brazil, through socio-historical methodology. This research shows the uses of publicism , as well as the invention of constitutionalism, as strategies in the political game, which correspond to the rivalry between elites in the process of construction and legitimation of a regime with monarchical features and centralized.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870809
title: Fatigue failure analysis of HSLA steel sheets holed by conventional and flow drilling processes

description: ABSTRACT Flow drilling process produces bushes for removable joints that can be threaded by forming tapping process, reducing stages in production of components of automobile industry and in construction sheds. High strength and low alloy steels (HSLA) are employed on several applications in the processing industry. Benefits provided by these materials make them an efficient solution, since their high cold resistance allows reducing weight on structures, as well as maintaining the required mechanical properties. The present study evaluated the conventional and friction drilling processes in HSLA steel sheets with a thickness of 4.25 mm. Specimens were subjected to cyclic loadings, with no rework after holemaking, so the resultant characteristics of each process were maintained. Fractured surfaces were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify the fracture mechanism in different drilling processes. Fractographies obtained on both processes indicated that the failure mechanism occurred due to ductile fracture resulting from the nucleation, growth and coalescence of micro cavities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870812
title: Evaluation of the sigma phase precipitation susceptibility in duplex stainless steel SAF2205 welding

description: ABSTRACT Welding of duplex stainless steels is a critical operation, due to the thermal cycling to which the material is subjected, which can favor the precipitation of deleterious phases. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of welding energy on susceptibility to sigma phase formation in SAF2205 duplex steel. The SAF2205 sheets were welded by the GMAW welding process, varying the welding energy by 0.5 kJ/mm, 1.0 kJ/mm, 1.5 kJ/mm. The material was analyzed by optical microscopy, XRD and Vickers microhardness. The analysis of the microstructure of the plates showed that the higher the thermal input used in the welding, the greater the amount of austenite and the larger the size of the austenitic and ferritic grains. By means of the microhardness profile it was verified that the reduction of the hardness in the ZTA occurs. Through the XRD, the presence of sigma phase was determined in the weld regions for samples welded with welding energy of 1.0 kJ/mm and 1.5 kJ/mm. It was concluded that in the GMAW welding processes of SAF2205 duplex stainless steels with a 4 mm thick thermal input close to 0.5 kJ/mm when the objective is to avoid the formation of sigma phase and approximately equal to 1.5 kJ/mm when the objective is to maintain percentage of the phases in the ZTA and ZF next to the metal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870815
title: Comparative analysis between quenching and partitioning versus quenching and tempering for SAE 4340

description: ABSTRACT A new heat treatment has been recently researched, whose denomination is quenching and partitioning (Q&P), in order to stabilize the retained austenite in the microstructure of steels. Initially, this treatment was carried out on high-silicon-steels, although, its potential reaches other materials with low alloys containing nickel or manganese. The same is done to perform a quenching between the initial (Ms) and final (Mf) temperatures of martensitic transformation, followed by a reheating to a isothermal stage over a period of time. In this work, the Q&P was conducted on SAE 4340 steel, austenitized at 870 ° C for 30 min, then quenching in polymer up to 240 ° C and partitioned into three different times: 10 s, 30 s, and 90 s. Also, a quenching and tempering (TR) treatment was conduct on the same material to evaluate and compare the microstructures and mechanical properties obtained in both processes, through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Vickers microhardness tests. A complex microstructure was observed in the samples from Q&P, unlike TR specimens. From the XRD, indications was obtained that the time of 30 s for the partitioning process was the most effective in stabilizing the retained austenite. Added to this, the high hardness reached, 696HV1.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870806
title: Corrosion Behavior of 316L and Alloy 182 Dissimilar Weld Joint with Post-Weld Heat Treatment

description: ABSTRACT Austenitic stainless steel and nickel-base alloys welds are widely used in nuclear reactor components, plants of energy generation, chemical, and petrochemical industries, due to their high corrosion resistance. The post weld heat treatments (PWHT) are generally applied to welding in order to relieve the welding residual stress. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of different PWHT on corrosion behavior of a dissimilar weld joint of two AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel plates with a nickel-base alloy as filler material in saline environments. The material was submitted to heat treatments for three hours at 600, 700 and 800 °C. The weld joint was examined by optical microscopy to determine the effects of PWHT in the microstructure. The corrosion behavior of the samples before and after heat treatment was evaluated using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) in sodium chloride solutions (19% v/v) and pH 4.0 at room temperature. Metallographic analyses showed that delta ferrite dissolute as PWHT temperature increased. CPP curves demonstrated an increase of pitting corrosion resistance as the PWHT temperature rises, although the pit size has been increased. The heat treated weld joint at 600 °C showed a similar corrosion resistance compared to as-welded material.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870809.v1
title: Fatigue failure analysis of HSLA steel sheets holed by conventional and flow drilling processes

description: ABSTRACT Flow drilling process produces bushes for removable joints that can be threaded by forming tapping process, reducing stages in production of components of automobile industry and in construction sheds. High strength and low alloy steels (HSLA) are employed on several applications in the processing industry. Benefits provided by these materials make them an efficient solution, since their high cold resistance allows reducing weight on structures, as well as maintaining the required mechanical properties. The present study evaluated the conventional and friction drilling processes in HSLA steel sheets with a thickness of 4.25 mm. Specimens were subjected to cyclic loadings, with no rework after holemaking, so the resultant characteristics of each process were maintained. Fractured surfaces were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify the fracture mechanism in different drilling processes. Fractographies obtained on both processes indicated that the failure mechanism occurred due to ductile fracture resulting from the nucleation, growth and coalescence of micro cavities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870812.v1
title: Evaluation of the sigma phase precipitation susceptibility in duplex stainless steel SAF2205 welding

description: ABSTRACT Welding of duplex stainless steels is a critical operation, due to the thermal cycling to which the material is subjected, which can favor the precipitation of deleterious phases. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of welding energy on susceptibility to sigma phase formation in SAF2205 duplex steel. The SAF2205 sheets were welded by the GMAW welding process, varying the welding energy by 0.5 kJ/mm, 1.0 kJ/mm, 1.5 kJ/mm. The material was analyzed by optical microscopy, XRD and Vickers microhardness. The analysis of the microstructure of the plates showed that the higher the thermal input used in the welding, the greater the amount of austenite and the larger the size of the austenitic and ferritic grains. By means of the microhardness profile it was verified that the reduction of the hardness in the ZTA occurs. Through the XRD, the presence of sigma phase was determined in the weld regions for samples welded with welding energy of 1.0 kJ/mm and 1.5 kJ/mm. It was concluded that in the GMAW welding processes of SAF2205 duplex stainless steels with a 4 mm thick thermal input close to 0.5 kJ/mm when the objective is to avoid the formation of sigma phase and approximately equal to 1.5 kJ/mm when the objective is to maintain percentage of the phases in the ZTA and ZF next to the metal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870818.v1
title: Carbon steel 1040 as an indicator of the aggressiveness of soil and cement paste in anchorage systems of transmission lines

description: ABSTRACT The encasement of anchor rods in cement paste reduces the contact of metal materials with aggressive environments in guyed power transmission line towers, however, many cases of premature failure due to corrosion of the anchorage systems are still reported. Chloride ions are considered to be one of the main factors responsible for the initiation and propagation of corrosion, however, there are many differences regarding the critical concentration of chloride in the soil and cement paste and their influence on the formation of corrosion products. In this study carbon steel 1040 was exposed in the laboratory to environments with different concentrations of chloride ions, 764 and 1764 mg/kg in the soil, 2.0% and 3.5% in the cement paste, based on the analytical results obtained in samples of rods and their surroundings, taken from the field. The investigation of the corrosion state of the metal in the laboratory was evaluated, over time, by the measurement of open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The corrosion products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with elemental chemical analysis (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). By means of the EIS analysis, it was possible to detect the evolution of the corrosive process of the metal in the soil and cement paste, even though different forms of corrosion were observed: general in the soil and localized in the cement paste. Moreover, the evaluation of the corrosion products, by SEM and XRD, indicated the presence of goethite and calcite on the steel surface exposed to the soil, and in the steel encapsulated in cement paste it was possible to visualize the pits formed and the compositions of their surface surroundings. These results suggest to need to use corrosion resistant metals in environments with chloride ions, in order to increase the durability of the anchorage system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870803
title: Productivity and Superficial Quality of an Aspherical Die Using CAD/CAM

description: ABSTRACT Nowadays, it is hard to imagine modern industry without the manufacturing and design software aided by computer, known as CAD/CAM, once the search for excellence in complex geometry parts, reduced time, quality assurance and interchangeability is increasing. Within this quest, the CAD/CAM platform has become a significant factor in manufacturing, especially on complex surfaces parts, mainly because of superficial quality, reliability and product competitiveness. Defined as surface within one or more non-flat surfaces or non-square, usually represented by parametric models, the freeform surfaces are very complex, requiring the control of three or more axes simultaneously, making the CAM tool indispensable. Tests were carried out by milling of aspherical cavities, on VP100 steel samples, with cemented carbide ball nose inserts with TiAlN coating. Two cutting strategies – zig-zag and spiral – and two finishing (CAM) strategies – parallel plans and Z level – were also investigated. Final Surface quality, tool productivity and tool wear were related to machining time, surface roughness (Ra, Rz, Rku and Rsk) and tool wear (VBmax). Results showed that the chosen strategy (tool path) it is the main factor to productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870815.v1
title: Comparative analysis between quenching and partitioning versus quenching and tempering for SAE 4340

description: ABSTRACT A new heat treatment has been recently researched, whose denomination is quenching and partitioning (Q&P), in order to stabilize the retained austenite in the microstructure of steels. Initially, this treatment was carried out on high-silicon-steels, although, its potential reaches other materials with low alloys containing nickel or manganese. The same is done to perform a quenching between the initial (Ms) and final (Mf) temperatures of martensitic transformation, followed by a reheating to a isothermal stage over a period of time. In this work, the Q&P was conducted on SAE 4340 steel, austenitized at 870 ° C for 30 min, then quenching in polymer up to 240 ° C and partitioned into three different times: 10 s, 30 s, and 90 s. Also, a quenching and tempering (TR) treatment was conduct on the same material to evaluate and compare the microstructures and mechanical properties obtained in both processes, through optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as Vickers microhardness tests. A complex microstructure was observed in the samples from Q&P, unlike TR specimens. From the XRD, indications was obtained that the time of 30 s for the partitioning process was the most effective in stabilizing the retained austenite. Added to this, the high hardness reached, 696HV1.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870800
title: Production and nutritive value of pastures in integrated livestock production systems: shading and management effects

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the production characteristics of pastures in integrated livestock production systems. For that, an experiment was carried out in São Carlos, SP, Brazil, from 2013 to 2015. Forage development, production and nutritive value were evaluated in five beef cattle production systems: extensive continuous stocking (Urochloa decumbens) = EXT; intensive = INT; crop-livestock = iCL; livestock-forest = iLF and crop-livestock-forest = iCLF. Rotational stocking pastures in INT, iCL, iLF and iCLF systems were established with Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Piatã. In iCL and iCLF, pastures were renovated by resowing the grass simultaneously with corn. In iLF and iCLF, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis clone GG100) was planted in Apr 2011 in single rows with 15 × 2 m spacing. In the 2013/2014 crop season, INT, iCL, and iCLF pastures were more productive than in iLF and EXT. Shading increase in the 2014/2015 season reduced pasture production in iLF and iCLF, compared with INT and iCL, but increased crude protein content and digestibility. In the shaded systems, pasture production was affected by proximity to trees, mainly due to reductions in solar radiation transmission. The principal component analyses showed that forage accumulation and leaf area index were associated with the position in the middle of the inter-row, and nutritive value was associated with the position at 1.5 m from the trees. In iCLF, solar radiation transmission greater than 60 % maintained forage accumulation similar to iCL, while in iLF, it reduced forage accumulation, evidencing that pasture renovation minimized shading effects in these systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870806.v1
title: Corrosion Behavior of 316L and Alloy 182 Dissimilar Weld Joint with Post-Weld Heat Treatment

description: ABSTRACT Austenitic stainless steel and nickel-base alloys welds are widely used in nuclear reactor components, plants of energy generation, chemical, and petrochemical industries, due to their high corrosion resistance. The post weld heat treatments (PWHT) are generally applied to welding in order to relieve the welding residual stress. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of different PWHT on corrosion behavior of a dissimilar weld joint of two AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel plates with a nickel-base alloy as filler material in saline environments. The material was submitted to heat treatments for three hours at 600, 700 and 800 °C. The weld joint was examined by optical microscopy to determine the effects of PWHT in the microstructure. The corrosion behavior of the samples before and after heat treatment was evaluated using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization (CPP) in sodium chloride solutions (19% v/v) and pH 4.0 at room temperature. Metallographic analyses showed that delta ferrite dissolute as PWHT temperature increased. CPP curves demonstrated an increase of pitting corrosion resistance as the PWHT temperature rises, although the pit size has been increased. The heat treated weld joint at 600 °C showed a similar corrosion resistance compared to as-welded material.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9870797
title: Partial substitution of fishmeal with soybean protein-based diets for dourado Salminus brasiliensis

description: ABSTRACT Cost and environmental restrictions limit the use of fishmeal (FM) in aquafeeds and plant protein (PP) sources. Soybean by-products are important alternative; however, their antinutritional factors may reduce fish growth. This study evaluates the effect of FM substitution for PP (soybean meal and soy protein concentrate) in diets of dourado (Salminus brasiliensis), a promising species for fish farming and empirically considered highly tolerant to PP-based diets. A control diet was formulated to contain 20 % of fishmeal and 61 % of plant protein (SBM) and other five diets with decreasing FM graded levels (16 %, 12 %, 8 %, 4 %, 0 %), which were replaced by soybean protein concentrate (SPC), comprising six treatments and four replicates. Fifteen dourados (6.73 ± 0.2 g) were stocked into 200 L tanks in a recirculating system, fed with experimental diets three times a day to apparent satiation for 90 days. Growth performance, food conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and protein retention efficiency of fish were impaired when FM substitution exceeded 13.05 % (the broken line analysis method). Histological analysis of intestinal mucosa showed a decrease in villus height when fishmeal was totally replaced by PP, which probably impaired digestive functions of fish and reflected in a severe loss on growth performance.