DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15141582
title: Table 2 in Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from Northwest Africa

description: Table 2 (continued on next page). Key features for species of Astrodendrum Döderlein, 1911 mainly based on the original descriptions; references included in the Table indicated different sources. “–” means no data.
A. capense (Mortensen, 1933)A. elingamita Baker, 1974A. galapagense A.H. Clark, 1916A. laevigatum (Koehler, 1897)A. sagaminum (Döderlein, 1902)A. spinulosum Okanashi & Fujita, 2018A. juancarlosi sp. nov.disc armamentclosely covered with small granular external ossicles, fully in contactclosely packed with dome-shaped granules of two distinct sizesmostly naked integument, but with widely scattered coarse granulesno ornamentationwidely covered with small granulescovered by conical external ossicles, but separated and scattered at periphery of the disccovered by small granule-like external ossicles ending in a crystalline point.radial shieldscovered with large conical external ossicles, separated and scattered, ending in a number of small thornsdistinct, narrow at proximal end, widening distallybar-like, covered by skin and external ossicles, almost reaching the centre of disc (Okanishi & Fujita 2018)smooth, large and narrowwell-differentiatedbar like, completely concealed by external ossicles, not reaching disc centrebar-shaped and densely covered by granule-like ossicles ending in a crystalline point.VIAclosely covered by small flat polygonal plate-shaped ossicles together with some scattered large conical ossicles ending in a number of small thorns, on lateral marginal edge of the disccovered with granule-like ossicles of two distinct sizescovered by sub- equal granule-like ossicles.covered by a thin and smooth tegumentoral disc surface covered by flat, polygonal external ossicles, fully in contact on oral plate; slightly tumid, round and slightly in contact on adoral plates (Okanishi & Fujita 2018)the oral surface of disc covered by polygonal plate- shaped external ossicles, fully in contact; interradial surface of lateral disc covered by conical external ossicles and skindensely covered by small granule-like external ossiclesmouth framecovered by irregularly polygonal flat platesclosely covered with slightly domed polygonal granule- like plates; adoral plates without this coveringonly a few small and widely scattered granules–oral shields, adoral shields, oral plates and ventral arm plates completely concealed by external ossicles (Okanishi & Fujita 2018)oral shields, adoral shields, oral plates and ventral arm plates completely concealed by external ossiclescovered by small granulesjawsmall plates granule- like–only a few small and widely scattered granules–––sunken; jaw covered with small granulesarmsdorsally smooth, with small tubercle-like plates; Conspicuous medicn furrow, sunken transverse furrows between the segments; ventrally, irregular polygonal, flat platesprominent belts dorsally, more noticeable distally; fully covered with polygonal or rounded, slightly domed granulesonly a few small and widely scattered granulesbroad at the base, with a longitudinal dorsal furrow; ventrally, quite smoothsmall vaulted plates with a fine-hunched surface dorsally; ventrally, with flat, polygonal plates of unequal sizetapering gradually toward arm tip; on aboral and lateral surface, each arm segment covered by single annular row of large oblong platesdorsally and ventrally covered by granules; noticeable transverse furrows between the segments ventrallyarm spinesspiniform, beginning at the 2nd pore with 2 scales, 3 scales from the first fork and 2 again distally; spines simple, pointed proximally, further out ending in 2–3 hyaline thorns and distally hook-shapedspiniform, beginning at 2nd pore, with 1–2 terminal, glassy teeth; 2–3 scales by pore proximally; 1–2 hook-shaped spines distallyscales start at fourth pair of pores, 2 in proximal and 3 in the middle- distal part of arm proximal scales ovoid, up to 2 terminal projections and hook-shaped with a single secondary tooth distallyfirst 3–4 pairs of pores without papillae scales, 5th – 6th pairs with 1, 7th pair with 2 and after the 2nd fork with 3; spiniform scales elongated and cylindrical, with blunt endbeginning at the 2nd pore with 2–3 spines proximally and further apart usually 2; spiniform scales short and weak, only about ⅓ to ¼ as long as an arm segmentfirst to sixth tentacle pore with single arm spine; eighth and subsequent pore with 2 or 3 spines; arm spines approximately one-third to one- fourth of length of corresponding arm segment, and covered by thin integumentbeginning at the 3rd pore, with 1 small spine proximally, then 2 and further out 3 arm spines; scales short and wide, ending in 2 or 3 hyaline pointsmadreporitealmost inconspicuous, at the edge of the mouth frame, encroaching a little upon the inter-radiusone small madreporiteinvisible in external view; completely covered by skin and external ossicles (Okanishi & Fujita 2018)indistinguishableat the adoral angle of a soft interbrachial space; fragmented into several partsone large, elliptical madreporite situated on oral interradiusone well-developed oval-shaped madreporite located just outside the mouth frame
description: Published as part of Calero, Belén & Ramil, Fran, 2023, Euryalida (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from Northwest Africa, pp. 65-66 in European Journal of Taxonomy 870 on page 65, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.870.2117, http://zenodo.org/record/7938618