cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7r10b
title: Data from: Onychophoran-like musculature in a phosphatized Cambrian lobopodian

description: The restricted, exclusively terrestrial distribution of modern Onychophora
 contrasts strikingly with the rich diversity of onychophoran-like fossils
 preserved in marine Cambrian Lagerstätten. The transition from these early
 forebears to the modern onychophoran body plan is poorly constrained, in
 part due to the absence of fossils preserving details of the soft anatomy.
 Here we report muscle tissue in a new early Cambrian (Stage 3) lobopodian,
 Tritonychus phanerosarkus gen. et sp. nov., preserved in the Orsten
 fashion by three-dimensional replication in phosphate. This first report
 of Palaeozoic onychophoran musculature establishes peripheral musculature
 as a characteristic of the ancestral panarthropod, but documents an
 unexpected muscular configuration. Phylogenetic analysis reconstructs T.
 phanerosarkus as one of a few members of the main onychophoran lineage –
 which was as rare and as cryptic in the Cambrian period as it is today.
description: Phylogenetic data,
 scripts and resultsZIP archive containing
 the data used to conduct the phylogenetic analysis, descriptions of
 characters and codings, details of analytical procedures, scripts used to
 run analyses and visualise results, and strict consensus trees. The README
 file contains the details needed to configure scripts and repeat the
 analysis.Zhang Smith et al Phylogenetic
 Data.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7gv8h
title: Data from: Convergent evolution of sperm gigantism and the developmental origins of sperm size variability in Caenorhabditis nematodes

description: Sperm cells provide essential, if usually diminutive, ingredients to
 successful sexual reproduction. Despite this conserved function, sperm
 competition and coevolution with female traits can drive spectacular
 morphological change in these cells. Here, we characterize four repeated
 instances of convergent evolution of sperm gigantism in Caenorhabditis
 nematodes using phylogenetic comparative methods on 26 species. Species at
 the extreme end of the 50-fold range of sperm-cell volumes across the
 genus have sperm capable of comprising up to 5% of egg-cell volume,
 representing severe attenuation of the magnitude of anisogamy.
 Furthermore, we uncover significant differences in mean and variance of
 sperm size among genotypes, between sexes, and within and between
 individuals of identical genotypes. We demonstrate that the developmental
 basis of sperm size variation, both within and between species, becomes
 established during an early stage of sperm development at the formation of
 primary spermatocytes, while subsequent meiotic divisions contribute
 little further sperm size variability. These findings provide first
 insights into the developmental determinants of inter- and intraspecific
 sperm size differences in Caenorhabditis. We hypothesize that life history
 and ecological differences among species favored the evolution of
 alternative sperm competition strategies toward either many smaller sperm
 or fewer larger sperm.
description: Complete raw data
 setEach worksheet contains
 all data used for a given figure as referenced. For more information, see
 corresponding figure legends.RawDataVielle2016Evolution.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.50n8j
title: Data from: Fossil evidence of the avian vocal organ from the Mesozoic

description: From complex songs to simple honks, birds produce sounds using a unique
 vocal organ called the syrinx1, 2. Located close to the heart at the
 tracheobronchial junction, vocal folds or membranes attached to modified
 mineralized rings vibrate to produce sound1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Syringeal
 components were not thought to commonly enter the fossil record6, and the
 few reported fossilized parts of the syrinx are geologically young8, 9,
 10, 11 (from the Pleistocene and Holocene (approximately 2.5 million years
 ago to the present)). The only known older syrinx is an Eocene specimen
 that was not described or illustrated12. Data on the relationship between
 soft tissue structures and syringeal three-dimensional geometry are also
 exceptionally limited5. Here we describe the first remains, to our
 knowledge, of a fossil syrinx from the Mesozoic Era, which are preserved
 in three dimensions in a specimen from the Late Cretaceous (approximately
 66 to 69 million years ago) of Antarctica. With both cranial and
 postcranial remains, the new Vegavis iaai specimen is the most complete to
 be recovered from a part of the radiation of living birds (Aves).
 Enhanced-contrast X-ray computed tomography (CT) of syrinx structure in
 twelve extant non-passerine birds, as well as CT imaging of the Vegavis
 and Eocene syrinxes, informs both the reconstruction of ancestral states
 in birds and properties of the vocal organ in the extinct species. Fused
 rings in Vegavis form a well-mineralized pessulus, a derived neognath bird
 feature, proposed to anchor enlarged vocal folds or labia5. Left-right
 bronchial asymmetry, as seen in Vegavis, is only known in extant birds
 with two sets of vocal fold sound sources. The new data show the
 fossilization potential of the avian vocal organ and beg the question why
 these remains have not been found in other dinosaurs. The lack of other
 Mesozoic tracheobronchial remains, and the poorly mineralized condition in
 archosaurian taxa without a syrinx, may indicate that a complex syrinx was
 a late arising feature in the evolution of birds, well after the origin of
 flight and respiratory innovations.
description: Large Images shown in
 the comparative figure of the tracheobronchial junctureThis is a zip file
 containing the data as a website. Download and open zip file then launch
 the index file in a browser. Data also available at
 http://www.jsg.utexas.edu/syrinx-evolution/website
 syrinx.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g26d0
title: Data from: The cryptic origins of evolutionary novelty: 1,000-fold-faster trophic diversification rates without increased ecological opportunity or hybrid swarm

description: Ecological opportunity is frequently proposed as the sole ingredient for
 adaptive radiation into novel niches. An additional trigger may be
 genome-wide hybridization resulting from ‘hybrid swarm’. However, these
 hypotheses have been difficult to test due to the rarity of comparable
 control environments lacking adaptive radiations. Here I exploit such a
 pattern in microendemic radiations of Caribbean pupfishes. I show that a
 sympatric three-species radiation on San Salvador Island, Bahamas
 diversified 1,445 times faster than neighboring islands in jaw length due
 to evolution of a novel scale-eating adaptive zone from a generalist
 ancestral niche. I then sampled 22 generalist populations on seven
 neighboring islands and measured morphological diversity, stomach content
 diversity, dietary isotopic diversity, genetic diversity, lake/island
 areas, macroalgae richness, and Caribbean-wide patterns of gene flow. None
 of these standard metrics of ecological opportunity or gene flow were
 associated with adaptive radiation, except for slight increases in
 macroalgae richness. Thus, exceptional trophic diversification is highly
 localized despite myriad generalist populations in comparable
 environmental and genetic backgrounds. This study provides a strong
 counterexample to the ecological/hybrid-swarm theories of adaptive
 radiation and suggests that diversification of novel specialists on a
 sparse fitness landscape is constrained by more than ecological
 opportunity and gene flow.
description: BEAST concatenated
 phylogenetic analysesXML and trees
 files.BEAST
 concatenated tree.zipEcology - isotopes
 stomach contents lake areasRaw stable isotope data,
 means, and variances for fish specimens and resources, stomach content
 data, and lake areas from Google Maps calculator.MorphologyRaw trait data, means, and variances for Caribbean populations and Cyprinodontidae phylogeny.Population genetics analysesSNP data files for principal components analyses and summary statistics for pi output from Stacks pipeline.SNAPP species treeXML and species tree files.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.60n52
title: Data from: Modelling habitat distributions for multiple species using phylogenetics

description: In this paper, we describe an empirical approach to model community
 structure using phylogenetic signals. That approach combines information
 about the species (i.e. traits and phylogeny) with information about the
 habitat (i.e. environmental conditions and spatial distribution of
 sampling sites) and their interactions to predict the species responses
 (e.g. the local densities). As an application, we use the approach to
 model fish densities in rivers. In the model, the different species and
 size classes were described using a functional trait, body length, and
 phylogenetic eigenvectors maps whereas the sites were described using
 water velocity, depth, substrate composition, macrophyte cover,
 degree-days, total phosphorus, and spatial eigenvector maps. The model
 (estimated using a regularised Poisson-family Generalised Linear Modelling
 approach) fitted the data well (likelihood-based R2adj=0.512) and showed
 fair predictive power (likelihood-based cross-validation R2=0.283) to
 predict the density of fish pertaining to 48 species totalling 143
 combinations of species and size classes in 15 unregulated Canadian
 rivers. Using the model as a baseline to estimate the effect of flow
 regulation on community composition, we found that, with few exceptions,
 the densities of most fish species were lower in regulated than in
 unregulated rivers. Phylogenetics have been proposed to study community
 structure, but this is, to our knowledge, the first time phylogenetic
 information is used explicitly for numerical habitat modelling. We expect
 that models of that type will be in increasing demand now that development
 projects are routinely assessed through impact studies.
description: Data and R language file
 to replicate all analyses and resultsContains all data tables
 and phylogenetic trees in addition to the R code, allowing one to
 replicate the analysis shown in the paper. The R file is
 annotated.PhyloHabitat-Dyrad.tar.gz
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.94d1s
title: Data from: Geographic extent of introgression in Sebastes mentella and its effect on genetic population structure

description: Genetic population structure is often used to identify management units in
 exploited species, but the extent of genetic differentiation may be
 inflated by geographic variation in the level of hybridization between
 species. We identify the genetic population structure of Sebastes mentella
 and investigate possible introgression within the genus by analyzing 13
 microsatellites in 2,562 redfish specimens sampled throughout the North
 Atlantic. The data support an historical divergence between the “shallow”
 and “deep” groups, beyond the Irminger Sea where they were described
 previously. A third group, “slope,” has an extended distribution on the
 East Greenland Shelf, in addition to earlier findings on the Icelandic
 slope. Furthermore, S. mentella from the Northeast Arctic and Northwest
 Atlantic waters are genetically different populations. In both areas,
 interspecific introgression may influence allele frequency differences
 among populations. Evidence of introgression was found for almost all the
 identified Sebastes gene pools, but to a much lower extent than suggested
 earlier. Greenland waters appear to be a sympatric zone for many of the
 genetically independent Sebastes groups. This study illustrates that the
 identified groups maintain their genetic integrity in this region despite
 introgression.
description: Sebastes_raw_dataData includes two sub-sets: 1. Data used to study genetic structure of S. mentella (mentella genotypes) and 2. data used for studying introgression (Sebastes genotypes). Biological data are shown in subsequent sheets.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fp5cn
title: Data from: Dynamic sinking behaviour in marine phytoplankton: rapid changes in buoyancy may aid in nutrient uptake

description: Phytoplankton sinking is an important property that can determine
 community composition in the photic zone and material loss to the deep
 ocean. To date, studies of diatom suspension have relied on bulk
 measurements with assumptions that bulk rates adequately capture the
 essential characteristics of diatom sinking. However, recent work has
 illustrated that individual diatom sinking rates vary considerably from
 the mean bulk rate. In this study, we apply high-resolution optical
 techniques, individual-based observations of diatom sinking and a recently
 developed method of flow visualization around freely sinking cells. The
 results show that in both field samples and laboratory cultures, some
 large species of centric diatoms are capable of a novel behaviour, whereby
 cells undergo bursts of rapid sinking that alternate with near-zero
 sinking rates on the timescales of seconds. We also demonstrate that this
 behaviour is under direct metabolic control of the cell. We discuss these
 results in the context of implications for nutrient flux to the cell
 surface. While nutrient flux in large diatoms increases during fast
 sinking, current mass transport models cannot incorporate the unsteady
 sinking behaviour observed in this study. However, large diatoms appear
 capable of benefiting from the enhanced nutrient flux to their surface
 during rapid sinking even during brief intervening periods of near-zero
 sinking rates.
description: C. wailesii PIV
 dataParticle image
 velocimetry (PIV) data files showing flow fields around a sinking
 cell.Fig 1
 dataFig 2
 dataFig 3
 dataFigure 4
 dataFig 6
 data
DOI: 10.34810/data1285
title: Partitura i enregistrament de "Rondó en Do Major (1807)" Joaquim Laposaria Alsina (1778-1839) [fray Joaquín de Jesús María y José]

description: Sota el marc del projecte Estudi i Recuperació de Patrimoni Musical, aquest dataset conté dos arxius: 
&lt;br&gt; Transcripció del manuscrit original de Joaquim Laposaria
Alsina 
&lt;br&gt; Enregistrament de la peça interpretada per: 
&lt;br&gt;- Dani Espasa, piano de taula Miguel Slocker de 1831, cedit pel
Museu de la Música de Barcelona.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1p3s4
title: Data from: A novel stereo-video method to investigate fish-habitat relationships

description: Habitat complexity is known to influence the structure of fish
 assemblages. A number of techniques have previously been used to measure
 complexity, including quantitative in situ methods, which can be
 time-consuming and labour-intensive, and more rapid semi-quantitative
 visual scoring methods. This study investigated the utility of a novel
 method for estimating complexity, whereby habitat height was measured
 using stereo-photogrammetry from diver-operated stereo-video,
 traditionally used to sample fish assemblages. This ‘stereo-height’ method
 was compared to established in situ and visual scoring techniques and
 found to produce similar estimates of complexity. To determine how
 relevant the proposed method is for assessing ecological relationships, it
 was then used in conjunction with visual scoring of relief and
 point-intercept samples of benthic composition to model fish–habitat
 associations in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Visual scores of
 relief were marginally stronger predictors of fish assemblage parameters
 and functional groups than the stereo-height measurements, providing
 support for the visual scoring approach. The only exception was for
 corallivorous fishes, which were more strongly correlated with
 stereo-height measurements. This study has presented a method for
 assessing habitat complexity using video imagery that is both comparable
 to traditional in situ techniques and useful for investigating
 fish–habitat relationships. We suggest that future studies interested in
 collecting habitat complexity data from new or existing stereo-video
 samples use both the stereo-height and visual scoring methods presented
 here. Together these methods enable studies to rapidly and effectively
 assess fish–habitat relationships across a range of habitats without the
 need for in situ methods or solely relying on field observers trained in
 visual scoring techniques.
description: DOV fish and habitat
 height data ALL 3D Points and LengthsText file output from
 EventMeasure including all length and 3D point measurements for each fish,
 visual score habitat classification. Transect were swum using a stereo
 diver operated video in the Pilbara region of Western
 Australia.Method comparison chain
 and tape and insitu dataRaw values for chain and
 tape measurements and in situ height measurements recorded for methods
 comparison.Methods comparison EM
 All length and 3D pointsText file outputs from
 EvenMeasure of all lengths and 3D points of habitat height for all
 transects used in analysis. Transect were swum using a stereo diver
 operated video in the Pilbara region of Western
 Australia.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.11707.89120
title: FOUNDATIONS OF INNOVATIONOLOGY. A Post-Disciplinary Science of Regenerative and Universal Innovation
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.958mj
title: Data from: Macroevolution of perfume signalling in orchid bees

description: Theory predicts that both stabilising selection and diversifying selection
 jointly contribute to the evolution of sexual signalling traits by (1)
 maintaining the integrity of communication signals within species and (2)
 promoting the diversification of traits among lineages. However, for many
 important signalling traits, little is known about whether these dynamics
 translate into predictable macroevolutionary signatures. Here, we test for
 macroevolutionary patterns consistent with sexual signalling theory in the
 perfume signals of neotropical orchid bees, a group well studied for their
 chemical sexual communication. Our results revealed both high
 species-specificity and elevated rates of evolution in perfume signals
 compared to nonsignalling traits. Perfume complexity was correlated with
 the number of congeners in a species’ range, suggesting that perfume
 evolution may be tied to the remarkably high number of orchid bee species
 coexisting together in some neotropical communities. Finally, sister-pair
 comparisons were consistent with both rapid divergence at speciation and
 character displacement upon secondary contact. Together, our results
 provide new insight into the macroevolution of sexual signalling in
 insects.
description: Hind Tibia Perfume
 matrixCompounds in perfume (in
 perfect contribution) in the hind tibia of individual orchid bees used in
 the studyHT.individuals.csvLabial gland compoundsCompounds in labial glands (in perfect contribution) of individual orchid bees used in the studyLG.individuals.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6471f
title: Data from: Using sperm morphometry and multivariate analysis to differentiate species of gray Mazama

description: There is genetic evidence that the two species of Brazilian gray Mazama,
 Mazama gouazoubira and Mazama nemorivaga, belong to different genera. This
 study identified significant differences that separated them into distinct
 groups, based on characteristics of the spermatozoa and ejaculate of both
 species. The characteristics that most clearly differentiated between the
 species were ejaculate colour, white for M. gouazoubira and reddish for M.
 nemorivaga, and sperm head dimensions. Multivariate analysis of sperm head
 dimension and format data accurately discriminated three groups for
 species with total percentage of misclassified of 0.71. The individual
 analysis, by animal, and the multivariate analysis have also discriminated
 correctly all five animals (total percentage of misclassified of 13.95%),
 and the canonical plot has shown three different clusters: Cluster 1,
 including individuals of M. nemorivaga; Cluster 2, including two
 individuals of M. gouazoubira; and Cluster 3, including a single
 individual of M. gouazoubira. The results obtained in this work
 corroborate the hypothesis of the formation of new genera and species for
 gray Mazama. Moreover, the easily applied method described herein can be
 used as an auxiliary tool to identify sibling species of other taxonomic
 groups.
description: statistic
 analysesComplete data: sperm
 measurements, univariate analyses and multivariate analyses from the study
 "Using sperm morphometry and multivariate analysis to differentiate
 species and subspecies of gray Mazama".Data Sperm
 morphometry.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kv2kh
title: Data from: Direction matching for sparse movement data sets: determining interaction rules in social groups

description: It is generally assumed that high-resolution movement data are needed to
 extract meaningful decision-making patterns of animals on the move. Here
 we propose a modified version of force matching (referred to here as
 direction matching), whereby sparse movement data (i.e., collected over
 minutes instead of seconds) can be used to test hypothesized forces acting
 on a focal animal based on their ability to explain observed movement. We
 first test the direction matching approach using simulated data from an
 agent-based model, and then go on to apply it to a sparse movement data
 set collected on a troop of baboons in the DeHoop Nature Reserve, South
 Africa. We use the baboon data set to test the hypothesis that an
 individual’s motion is influenced by the group as a whole or,
 alternatively, whether it is influenced by the location of specific
 individuals within the group. Our data provide support for both
 hypotheses, with stronger support for the latter. The focal animal showed
 consistent patterns of movement toward particular individuals when
 distance from these individuals increased beyond 5.6 m. Although the focal
 animal was also sensitive to the group movement on those occasions when
 the group as a whole was highly clustered, these conditions of isolation
 occurred infrequently. We suggest that specific social interactions may
 thus drive overall group cohesion. The results of the direction matching
 approach suggest that relatively sparse data, with low technical and
 economic costs, can be used to test between hypotheses on the factors
 driving movement decisions.
description: XY coordinates of
 individual baboonsThis dataset consists of
 74 days of full-day follows of a baboon troop (Papio hamadryas ursinus) at
 the DeHoop Nature Reserve in South Africa. Individual GPS points of all
 adult group members (N=14) were collected continuously throughout the day
 by an observer walking repeatedly from one end of the group to the other.
 A GPS point was taken on all adults present in the group by holding the
 GPS receiver above the animal (or as close as possible) to record its
 position and individual identitybaboon_group_dehoop.csv
DOI: 10.15468/bbkvpy
title: Fremmede arter ved REGs mottak - Bymiljøetaten Oslo

description: Observasjonsdata innsamlet ved REGs hageavfallsmottak på Bygdøy og Grønnmo.Multimediefilen inneholder én-til-mange lenker til bilder for hver post i forekomstfilen (når tilgjengelig)