cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0k37t
title: Data from: Evolutionary pressures on primate intertemporal choice

description: From finding food to choosing mates, animals must make intertemporal
 choices that involve fitness benefits available at different times.
 Species vary dramatically in their willingness to wait for delayed
 rewards. Why does this variation across species exist? An adaptive
 approach to intertemporal choice suggests that time preferences should
 reflect the temporal problems faced in a species's environment. Here,
 I use phylogenetic regression to test whether allometric factors relating
 to body size, relative brain size and social group size predict how long
 13 primate species will wait in laboratory intertemporal choice tasks.
 Controlling for phylogeny, a composite allometric factor that includes
 body mass, absolute brain size, lifespan and home range size predicted
 waiting times, but relative brain size and social group size did not.
 These findings support the notion that selective pressures have sculpted
 intertemporal choices to solve adaptive problems faced by animals.
 Collecting these types of data across a large number of species can
 provide key insights into the evolution of decision making and cognition.
description: Primate allometric,
 cognitive, social, and intertemporal choice datastevens_2014.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7488p
title: Data from: Trial-and-error copying of demonstrated actions reveals how fledglings learn to ‘imitate’ their mothers

description: Understanding how humans and other animals learn to perform an act from
 seeing it done has been a major challenge in the study of social learning.
 To determine whether this ability is based on ‘true imitation’, many
 studies have applied the two-action experimental paradigm, examining
 whether subjects learn to perform the specific action demonstrated to
 them. Here, we show that the insights gained from animals' success in
 two-action experiments may be limited, and that a better understanding is
 achieved by monitoring subjects' entire behavioural repertoire.
 Hand-reared house sparrows that followed a model of a mother demonstrator
 were successful in learning to find seeds hidden under a leaf, using the
 action demonstrated by the mother (either pushing the leaf or pecking it).
 However, they also produced behaviours that had not been demonstrated but
 were nevertheless related to the demonstrated act. This finding suggests
 that while the learners were clearly influenced by the demonstrator, they
 did not accurately imitate her. Rather, they used their own behavioural
 repertoire, gradually fitting it to the demonstrated task solution through
 trial and error. This process is consistent with recent views on how
 animals learn to imitate, and may contribute to a unified process-level
 analysis of social learning mechanisms.
description: Proceedings B -
 Truskanov & Lotem - Trial and error copying dataA table listing the
 different actions performed by the house sparrow fledglings in both
 training and test phases of the two action experiment.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6p3p701
title: Data from: Ramalina sarahae (Ramalinaceae), a new species from the Channel Islands of California, U.S.A.

description: Ramalina sarahae is described as new to science and considered to be
 closely related to the widespread R. lacera. It has a cortex without
 chondroid strands but differs from R. lacera in having a densely
 caespitose thallus of thin branches with only pseudocyphellae. The species
 is considered to be naturally rare, occurring in a small area of San
 Miguel Island in southern California, and on San Nicolas Island. Currently
 eight species of Ramalina are known from the Channel Islands.
description: data_packetThis is a zipped (.zip) folder that contains the alignments used for molecular phylogenetic analyses in this study. Specifically it includes: 1) the two-locus (ITS, nucLSU) alignment compiled by Serusiaux et al. (2010, Fungal Biology 114: 528-537) with the addition of a sequence newly generated for our study. 2) the partition file and the input phylip file used for maximum likelihood analyses in this study.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.558qf
title: Data from: Body size response to warming: time of the season matters in a tephritid fly

description: Whether shrinking body size is a universal response to climate change
 remains controversial. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying body size
 shifts are poorly understood. Here, assuming that life history traits
 evolve to maximize fitness according to life history plasticity theory, we
 hypothesized that under global warming temperate multivoltine insects
 should emerge earlier with a smaller body mass in the early growing
 season, but emerge later with a larger body mass in the late season. We
 tested this hypothesis by conducting two field artificial warming
 experiments in an alpine meadow: 1) with one pre-dispersal seed predator
 species (tephritid flies, Tephritis femoralis) and its two host-plant
 species flowering in early and late growing seasons, respectively, and 2)
 with the tephritid flies and one host species with a flowering season that
 occupies parts of both the early and late growing seasons. These
 experiments were complemented by a microcosm chamber warming experiment,
 in which increasing and decreasing temperature trends were set to simulate
 temperature variation pattern in early and late growing seasons,
 respectively, but photoperiod was held constant. Warming generally
 advanced the adult emergence and decreased the body size (adult body mass)
 in the early season but delayed the emergence and increased the size in
 the late season in both field experiments, indicating that the seasonally
 different effects of warming on the fly body size was constant regardless
 of host-plant identity. The chamber warming resulted in consistent
 responses of emerging timing and body size to the simulated seasonal
 warming, demonstrating that the temperature increase per se and its
 interaction with direction of temperature change, but not other correlated
 effects, should be primarily responsible for the observed contrasting
 shifts of body size at different times of the season. Our results indicate
 that taking into account temperate seasonal patterns of temperature
 variation could be of general importance for predicting animal body size
 changes in the warmed future.
description: Data for the
 observtional field experiment, controlled field experiment, and the
 microcosm experimentDataset.xlsx
DOI: 10.15468/dl.u28acp
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 346 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Aedes aegypti"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 346 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001347-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fg0kq00m
title: Data from: Factors leading to the evolution and maintenance of a male ornament in territorial species

description: Male ornamentation is assumed to have evolved primarily from selection by
 female mate choice. Yet this is only one possible reason for ornament
 evolution. Ornaments might also be useful in aggressive competition by
 improving opponent assessment between males, or they might function to
 enhance signal detection by making males more conspicuous in the
 environment. We tested both these ideas in territorial Anolis lizards in
 which female choice is either absent or secondary to males competing for
 territories that overlap female home ranges. Male tail crests only evolved
 in species in which territory neighbors were distant, consistent with the
 signal detection hypothesis. Once the tail crest had evolved, however, it
 seems to have become a signal in itself, with variation in the frequency
 and size of tail crests within species correlating with variables
 predicted by the aggressive competition hypothesis. Our study presents an
 apparent example of a male ornament in which the selection pressure
 leading to variation among species in ornament expression is different
 from the selection pressure acting on variation within species. The Anolis
 tail crest is therefore likely to be an exaptation. We caution that
 conclusions made on the evolution of male ornaments are dependent on the
 phylogenetic perspective adopted by a study. Studies restricted to single
 species are useful for identifying selection pressures in contemporary
 settings (i.e., the current utility of traits), but may lead to erroneous
 conclusions on the factors that initially lead to the origin of traits.
description: OrdTJ_BES-11-0143R1_readmeRead me file outlining file contentsOrdTJ_BES-11-0143R1_gundlachiOrdTJ_BES-11-0143R1_allspecies
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hd3st
title: Data from: Environmental heterogeneity generates opposite gene-by-environment interactions for two fitness-related traits within a population

description: Theory predicts that environmental heterogeneity offers a potential
 solution to the maintenance of genetic variation within populations, but
 empirical evidence remains sparse. The livebearing fish Xiphophorus
 variatus exhibits polymorphism at a single locus, with different alleles
 resulting in up to five distinct melanistic “tailspot” patterns within
 populations. We investigated the effects of heterogeneity in two
 ubiquitous environmental variables (temperature and food availability) on
 two fitness-related traits (upper thermal limits and body condition) in
 two different tailspot types (wildtype and upper cut crescent). We found
 gene-by-environment (GxE) interactions between tailspot type and food
 level affecting upper thermal limits (UTL), as well as between tailspot
 type and thermal environment affecting body condition. Exploring
 mechanistic bases underlying these GxE patterns, we found no differences
 between tailspot types in hsp70 gene expression despite significant
 overall increases in expression under both thermal and food stress.
 Similarly, there was no difference in routine metabolic rates between the
 tailspot types. The reversal of relative performance of the two tailspot
 types under different environmental conditions revealed a mechanism by
 which environmental heterogeneity can balance polymorphism within
 populations through selection on different fitness-related traits.
description: Thermal limit and body
 mass dataFLOE&Mass.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.36ng4
title: Data from: Nest size and aromatic plants in the nest as sexually selected female traits in blue tits

description: Besides the direct functionality of nests driven by natural selection,
 accumulating evidence shows that nest building behaviors and nests may
 also evolve under sexual selection. Empirical research on the potential
 role of nests or nest features as sexual signals, however, is
 comparatively scarce for avian species in which the female is the only sex
 involved in its construction because of a male bias in the study of sexual
 traits, even though maternally built nests may be more common than
 paternally and biparentally built nests. In blue tits Cyanistes caeruleus,
 females alone build nests and add aromatic plants to them. We manipulated
 nest size and amount of aromatic plants in the nest to assess subsequent
 male effort and risk taking during provisioning of nestlings as indices of
 differential allocation. Risk taking was assessed through trappability
 indices of males at the nest-box when provisioning nestlings. Although
 male provisioning rates did not differ between experimental groups, male
 risk taking during provisioning was significantly lower in nests reduced
 in size than in control and enlarged nests, and it was significantly
 higher in nests supplied with aromatic plants than in control nests.
 Females showed nonsignificant trends to increase their provisioning effort
 in reduced nests, probably to compensate reduced male investment. Finally,
 female provisioning rates and especially male risk taking had a major
 positive impact on reproductive success and thereby on female fitness. In
 summary, this study (and previous evidence) suggests that nest size and
 aromatic plants in blue tit nests are used by females as sexual signals to
 elicit differential allocation in males. This study adds to the scarce
 evidence in favor of nests or nest materials acting as sexually selected
 traits regarding female signaling.
description: Tabla 2006 Behav
 Ecol
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1h18h
title: Data from: The effect of funding sources on donepezil randomised controlled trial outcome: a meta-analysis

description: Objective: To investigate whether there is a difference in the treatment
 effect of donepezil on cognition in Alzheimer disease between
 industry-funded and independent randomised controlled trials. Design:
 Fixed effects meta-analysis of standardised effects of donepezil on
 cognition as measured by the Mini Mental State Examination and the
 Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale. Data sources:
 Studies included in the meta-analyses reported in the National Institute
 for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) technical appraisal 217 updated with
 new studies through a PubMed search. Eligibility criteria: Inclusion
 criteria were double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of any length
 comparing patients diagnosed with probable Alzheimer disease (according to
 the NINCDS-ADRDA/DSM-III/IV criteria) taking any dosage of donepezil.
 Studies of combination therapies (eg, donepezil and memantine) were
 excluded, as were studies that enrolled patients with a diagnosis of
 Alzheimer disease associated with other disorders (eg, Parkinson's
 disease and Down's syndrome). Results: Our search strategy identified
 14 relevant trials (4 independent) with suitable data. Trials sponsored by
 pharmaceutical companies reported a larger effect of donepezil on
 standardised cognitive tests than trials published by independent research
 groups (standardised mean difference (SMD)=0.46, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.55 vs
 SMD=0.33, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.48, respectively). This difference remained
 when only data representing change up to 12 weeks from baseline were
 analysed (industry SMD=0.44, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.53 vs independent SMD=0.35,
 95% CI 0.18 to 0.52). Analysis revealed that the effect of funding as a
 moderator variable of study heterogeneity was not statistically
 significant at either time point. Conclusions: The effect size of
 donepezil on cognition is larger in industry-funded than independent
 trials and this is not explained by the longer duration of industry-funded
 trials. The lack of a statistically significant moderator effect may
 indicate that the differences are due to chance, but may also result from
 lack of power.
description: Data for
 Dryad
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g0p8b
title: Data from: Atmospheric deposition exposes Qinling pandas to toxic pollutants

description: The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is one of the most endangered
 animals in the world, and it is recognized worldwide as a symbol for
 conservation. A previous study showed that wild and captive pandas,
 especially those of the Qinling subspecies, were exposed to toxicants in
 their diet of bamboo; the ultimate origin of these toxicants is unknown.
 Here we show that atmospheric deposition is the most likely origin of
 heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the diets of
 captive and wild Qinling pandas. Average atmospheric deposition was 199,
 115 and 49 g∙m−2∙yr−1 in the center of Xi'an city, at China's
 Shaanxi Wild Animal Research Center (SWARC), and at Foping National Nature
 Reserve (FNNR), respectively. Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals (As,
 Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Co, Cu, Zn, Mn and Ni) and POPs was highest at Xi'an
 city, intermediate at SWARC, and lowest at FNNR. Soil concentrations of
 the aforementioned heavy metals other than As and Zn also were
 significantly higher at SWARC than at FNNR. Efforts to conserve Qinling
 pandas may be compromised by air pollution attendant to China's
 economic development. Improvement of air quality and reductions of toxic
 emissions are urgently required to protect China's iconic species.
description: Toxicants collected from
 Qinling pandasDry deposition,
 atmospheric deposition, and soil concentrations of dust, heavy metals, and
 persistent organic pollutants (POP), respectively, collected at the Foping
 National Nature Reserve (FNNR), Shaanxi Wild Animal Research Center
 (SWARC),and Xi'an City. Data file includes 279 rows (including one
 header row of variable names) and six columns: Start date of data
 collection (DateStart as YYYYMMDD); end date of data collection (DateEnd
 as YYYYMMDD); Location (Loctaion as one of FNNR, SWARC or
 Xi'an_CIty); Variable measured (Variable as one of Dry_deposition,
 AtmDep_, Soil_, or AtmDep_; Value (real number); and Units (one of g_m2_yr, mg_m2_yr,
 ug_g, or ng_m2_yr).EA-data.csv
DOI: 10.34810/data2270
title: Replication Data for "Epoxy-based encapsulation of halide perovskite solar cells for outdoor stability assessment (ISOS-O)"

description: Abstract:
A key factor in the widespread commercialization of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is the need for comprehensive stability analysis, particularly under real-world outdoor conditions across diverse global locations. However, a simple and reliable encapsulation strategy for outdoor stability analysis that can be implemented at laboratory level is currently missing, hindering progress in the study of PSC lifetime. In this work, we present a simple and effective two-step encapsulation strategy to encapsulate laboratory-scale PSCs at room temperature applying commercial-available epoxies. We have examined 9 epoxies including single and bicomponent epoxies, as well as air-curing and UV-curing epoxies. The possible reaction of the epoxies with the perovskite film was monitored by means of XRD measurements, SEM imaging, FTIR and Raman spectroscopies, as well as via stability assessment of devices following ISOS protocols. The encapsulation method was analyzed in different types of PSCs, including normal n-i-p configuration applying Au and carbon electrodes, and inverted p-i-n configuration with Ag contacts. The devices, both in normal and inverted configurations, were also analysed at different locations (Spain, Israel, Germany) showing impressive stability under ISOS-O protocol demonstrating its viability for the analysis of lab-scale PSCs devices.
description: XRD Data
description: FTIR Data
description: Outdoor stability data
description: JV data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.58vd2
title: Data from: The evolution of costly mate choice against segregation distorters

description: The evolution of female preference for male genetic quality remains a
 controversial topic in sexual selection research. One well-known problem,
 known as the lek paradox, lies in understanding how variation in genetic
 quality is maintained in spite of natural selection and sexual selection
 against low-quality alleles. Here, we theoretically investigate a scenario
 where females pay a direct fitness cost to avoid males carrying an
 autosomal segregation distorter. We show that preference evolution is
 greatly facilitated under such circumstances. Because the distorter is
 transmitted in a non-Mendelian fashion, it can be maintained in the
 population despite directional sexual selection. The preference helps
 females avoid fitness costs associated with the distorter. Interestingly,
 we find that preference evolution is limited if the choice allele induces
 a very strong preference or if distortion is very strong. Moreover, the
 preference can only persist in the presence of a signal that reliably
 indicates a male's distorter genotype. Hence, even in a system where
 the lek paradox does not play a major role, costly preferences can only
 spread under specific circumstances. We discuss the importance of
 distorter systems for the evolution of costly female choice and potential
 implications for the use of artificial distorters in pest control.
description: ModelCodeR-code to numerically solve the model described in the methods and the supplementary text S1.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2p31f
title: Data from: Qualitative skeletal correlates of wing shape in extant birds (Aves: Neoaves)

description: Background: Among living fliers (birds, bats, and insects), birds display
 relatively high aspect ratios, a dimensionless shape variable that
 distinguishes long and narrow vs. short and broad wings. Increasing aspect
 ratio results in a functional tradeoff between low induced drag (efficient
 cruise) and increased wing inertia (difficult takeoff). Given the wide
 scope of its functional effects, the pattern of aspect ratio evolution is
 an important factor that contributes to the substantial ecological and
 phylogenetic diversity of living birds. However, because the feathers that
 define the wingtip (and hence wingspan and aspect ratio) often do not
 fossilize, resolution in the pattern of avian wing shape evolution is
 obscured by missing information. Here I use a comparative approach to
 investigate the relationship between skeletal proxies of flight feather
 attachment and wing shape. Results: An accessory lobe of the internal
 index process of digit II-1, a bony correlate of distal primary
 attachment, shows weak but statistically significant relationships to
 aspect ratio and mass independent of other skeletal morphology. The dorsal
 phalangeal fossae of digit II-1, which house distal primaries VIII and IX,
 also show a trend of increased prominence with higher aspect ratio. Quill
 knobs on the ulna are examined concurrently, but do not show consistent
 signal with respect to wing shape. Conclusions: Although quill knobs are
 cited as skeletal correlates of flight performance in birds, their
 relationship to wing shape is inconsistent among extant taxa, and may
 reflect diverging selection pressures acting on a conserved architecture.
 In contrast, correlates of distal primary feather attachment on the major
 digit show convergent responses to increasing aspect ratio. In light of
 the diversity of musculoskeletal and integumentary mophology that
 underlies wing shape in different avian clades, it is unlikely that a
 single skeletal feature will show consistent predictive power across
 Neoaves. Confident inference of wing shape in basal ornithurine birds will
 require multiple lines of evidence, together with an understanding of
 clade-specific evolutionary trends within the crown.
description: Archived Data with
 Analysis Script and FunctionsData and R code used for
 analyses and base figure generation.Hieronymus_qualitative_feather_correlates--data_and_R_scripts.zip