cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464750.v2
title: The Effect of K-Lactate Salt and Liquid Smoke on Bacterial Growth in a Model System

description: The effects of a commercial lactate salt formulation—containing potassium lactate (KL) and potassium acetate (KA)—and liquid smoke (LS) on the growth of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB; <i>Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, Carnobacterium inhibens, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus curvatus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>), fish spoilage bacteria (<i>Photobacterium phosphoreum, Pseudomonas putida</i>, and <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i>), and <i>Listeria innocua</i>, were examined in a tryptic soy broth model system at 20ºC based on BioScreen data. The most pronounced inhibition effect on growth of bacteria was seen in the presence of 6% KL + 0.4% KA, used either combined with LS or alone. Only a minor inhibition effect on growth was found in the presence of LS alone. The only exception was <i>Lactobacillus curvatus</i>, which grew quite well in the presence of LS compared to control medium. The growth of <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> was prevented in 6% KL + 0.4% KA, and significantly inhibited in the presence of 3% KL + 0.2% KA. When <i>V. vulnificus</i> was grown in NaCl, KA, and KL + KA, it was observed that KL + KA had a better inhibition effect than sodium salt within the same concentration range.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464750.v1
title: The effect of K-lactate salt and liquid smoke on bacterial growth in a model system

description: The effects of a commercial lactate salt formulation (containing potassium lactate (KL) and potassium acetate (KA)), and liquid smoke (LS) on the growth of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB; <i>Carnobacterium maltaromaticum, Carnobacterium inhibens, Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus curvatus</i>, and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>), fish spoilage bacteria (<i>Photobacterium phosphoreum, Pseudomonas putida</i>, and <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i>), and <i>Listeria innocua</i>, were examined in a tryptic soy broth model system at 20 ºC based on BioScreen data. The most pronounced inhibition effect on growth of bacteria was seen in the presence of 6% KL + 0.4% KA, used either combined with LS or alone. Only minor inhibition effect on growth was found in the presence of LS alone. The only exception was <i>Lactobacillus curvatus</i>, which grew quite well in the presence of LS compared to control medium. The growth of <i>Vibrio vulnificus</i> was prevented in 6% KL + 0.4% KA, and significantly inhibited in the presence of 3% KL + 0.2% KA. When <i>V. vulnificus</i> was grown in NaCl, KA, and KL+KA, it was observed that KL+KA had better inhibition effect than sodium salt within the same concentration range.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464576
title: Effect of early goal directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and/or septic shock

description: <b>Background:</b> Many investigators have reproduced the mortality reduction shown in the original trial of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock. Three large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found neutral results when compared to usual care and a modified form of EGDT. Some have interpreted these studies as a reason to question the efficacy of EGDT. <b>Objectives:</b> The purpose of this study was to comprehensively examine the effect of EGDT in the treatment of severe sepsis and/or septic shock in the literature. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs and prospective studies were performed, which extracted studies from PubMed, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and Wanfang Database. The mortality trend in the control group from included studies was analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Seven RCTs and twelve prospective studies enrolling 3502 EGDT and 3791 usual care participants were included in the analysis. EGDT was found to reduce overall mortality compared to usual care groups. This reduction in mortality was apparent in prospective and randomized control trials conducted before 2010. Over this time period there was a reduction in mortality in patients receiving usual care. <b>Limitations:</b> This conclusion was limited by the small size of some selected studies and complicated by the long range of time during the conduction of these studies. These studies were further biased because of the lack of blinding and the crossover of care between the EGDT and usual care groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> EGDT significantly reduced mortality in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock over 15 years since its publication. Recent studies examining usual care with EGDT have similar mortality benefit because of the diminished treatment effect. This treatment effect is diminished for multiple reasons. With progress in the management of this disease the benefit of EGDT on overall mortality has become comparable with the usual care for sepsis patients. This is because many of the components of EGDT have been incorporated into usual care protocols. As a result, the conclusion that EGDT is ineffective cannot be made. A more rigorous RCT which adjusts for the factors that narrows the treatment effect between groups is required. Given the current state of sepsis care and equipoise that exist, this would be difficult.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464576.v2
title: Effect of early goal directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and/or septic shock

description: <b>Background:</b> Many investigators have reproduced the mortality reduction shown in the original trial of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock. Three large randomized controlled trials (RCTs) found neutral results when compared to usual care and a modified form of EGDT. Some have interpreted these studies as a reason to question the efficacy of EGDT. <b>Objectives:</b> The purpose of this study was to comprehensively examine the effect of EGDT in the treatment of severe sepsis and/or septic shock in the literature. <b>Methods:</b> A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs and prospective studies were performed, which extracted studies from PubMed, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and Wanfang Database. The mortality trend in the control group from included studies was analyzed. <b>Results:</b> Seven RCTs and twelve prospective studies enrolling 3502 EGDT and 3791 usual care participants were included in the analysis. EGDT was found to reduce overall mortality compared to usual care groups. This reduction in mortality was apparent in prospective and randomized control trials conducted before 2010. Over this time period there was a reduction in mortality in patients receiving usual care. <b>Limitations:</b> This conclusion was limited by the small size of some selected studies and complicated by the long range of time during the conduction of these studies. These studies were further biased because of the lack of blinding and the crossover of care between the EGDT and usual care groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> EGDT significantly reduced mortality in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock over 15 years since its publication. Recent studies examining usual care with EGDT have similar mortality benefit because of the diminished treatment effect. This treatment effect is diminished for multiple reasons. With progress in the management of this disease the benefit of EGDT on overall mortality has become comparable with the usual care for sepsis patients. This is because many of the components of EGDT have been incorporated into usual care protocols. As a result, the conclusion that EGDT is ineffective cannot be made. A more rigorous RCT which adjusts for the factors that narrows the treatment effect between groups is required. Given the current state of sepsis care and equipoise that exist, this would be difficult.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464576.v1
title: Effect of early goal directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and/or septic shock: A meta-Analysis

description: Background: Many studies showed a dramatic mortality reduction after the use of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock. Three large RCTs got neutral results for its usage compared with usual care group. So the debate whether EGDT could help in the management of severe sepsis and/or septic shock was a dilemma. Objectives: To determine the effect of EGDT in the treatment of severe sepsis and/or septic shock. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs and prospective studies were performed, which extracted studies from Pubmed, Elsevier ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Clinicaltrials.gov, Google Scholar, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, and Wanfang Database. The mortality trend in the control group from included studies was analyzed. Results: Seven RCTs and twelve prospective studies were included, enrolling 3502 EGDT participants and 3791 usual care participants. EGDT could reduce overall mortality compared with usual care group. This reduction was resulted from the prospective studies and studies before 2010. There was a mortality reduction trend in the severe sepsis and/or septic shock patients received usual care. Limitations: This conclusion was limited by the small size of some selected studies, and the long time range of the studies selected. The bias in some included studies would also affect the overall result. Conclusions: EGDT helped in the mortality reduction in patients with severe sepsis and/or septic shock in the past years. With the progression in the management of this disease and mortality reduction in this disease, especially that some EGDT ingredients have been involved in usual care, the benefit of EGDT on overall mortality reduced to the comparable level as the usual care for sepsis patients. A more strict RCT is need to confirm the role of EGDT in the current clinical practice.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464534
title: Investigating and modeling the combined effects of pH and osmotic pressure on seed germination for use in phytoactivity and allelopathic research

description: Phytoactivity and allelopathic studies are heavily dependent on germination bioassays of water solutions of allelochemical(s), which necessarily imply that pH and osmotic pressure vary among treatments and between treatments and controls and are therefore a confounding factor in the assessment of seed germination responses to allelochemical(s). When the contribution of pH and osmotic pressure to seed germination responses is considered in experimental designs their effects are almost without exceptions examined separately being assumed, without any evidences, that pH and osmotic pressure act independently on seed germination responses. The objectives of this work were to examine experimentally such assumption using wheat, lettuce, and subterranean clover cultivars to evaluate and model the combined effects on germination of pH and osmotic pressure in the range between 3.0–6.0 and 0–100 mOsmol kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Empirical equations are fitted, discussed, and the need to consider the simultaneous effects of pH and osmotic pressure firmly established. Finally, the use of the equations fitted and its impact on conclusions is exemplified in a dose-response bioassay of water extracts of <i>Cistus ladanifer</i> on seed germination using subterranean clover as target species where hormesis was found before allelochemical effects were corrected for pH and osmotic pressure values of control and extracts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464534.v1
title: Investigating and modeling the combined effects of pH and osmotic pressure on seed germination for use in phytoactivity and allelopathic research

description: Phytoactivity and allelopathic studies are heavily dependent on germination bioassays of water solutions of allelochemical(s), which necessarily imply that pH and osmotic pressure vary among treatments and between treatments and controls and are therefore a confounding factor in the assessment of seed germination responses to allelochemical(s). When the contribution of pH and osmotic pressure to seed germination responses is considered in experimental designs their effects are almost without exceptions examined separately being assumed, without any evidences, that pH and osmotic pressure act independently on seed germination responses. The objectives of this work were to examine experimentally such assumption using wheat, lettuce, and subterranean clover cultivars to evaluate and model the combined effects on germination of pH and osmotic pressure in the range between 3.0–6.0 and 0–100 mOsmol kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. Empirical equations are fitted, discussed, and the need to consider the simultaneous effects of pH and osmotic pressure firmly established. Finally, the use of the equations fitted and its impact on conclusions is exemplified in a dose-response bioassay of water extracts of <i>Cistus ladanifer</i> on seed germination using subterranean clover as target species where hormesis was found before allelochemical effects were corrected for pH and osmotic pressure values of control and extracts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464480
title: Controlled attenuation parameter for the detection of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B

description: <b>Background:</b> Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is a non-invasive method for diagnosing liver steatosis based on vibration-controlled transient elastography. The primary objective of this study was to assess CAP performance and determine the cut-off values for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) using liver biopsy as a gold standard. The second objective was to apply the cut-off values found in the first cohort to a larger cohort to compare the performance of CAP and ultrasonography. <b>Methods:</b> Overall, 189 patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy and CAP detection and 1707 patients with CHB and CAP who underwent abdominal ultrasonography were prospectively enrolled. The performance of CAP for evaluating hepatic steatosis compared with liver biopsy was calculated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). <b>Results:</b> In the 189 patients who underwent liver biopsy, the cut-offs for the CAP with steatosis S ≥ 1, S ≥ 2 and S ≥ 3 were 222 dB/m, 247 dB/m and 274 dB/m, respectively, and the AUROC were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82–0.95), 0.92 (95% CI = 0.87–0.97) and 0.94 (95% CI = 0.90–0.99), respectively. After applying the cut-offs above to the 1707 patients, it was found that CAP had a good concordance with abdominal ultrasonography with steatosis grade &gt; S2. On multivariate analysis, body mass index (<i>p</i> p p = 0.001) were independent risk factors of CAP. <b>Conclusions:</b> CAP had high diagnostic performance for evaluating hepatic steatosis in patients with CHB and had a good concordance with abdominal ultrasonography.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464480.v1
title: Controlled attenuation parameter for the detection of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B

description: <b>Background:</b> Controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) is a non-invasive method for diagnosing liver steatosis based on vibration-controlled transient elastography. The primary objective of this study was to assess CAP performance and determine the cut-off values for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) using liver biopsy as a gold standard. The second objective was to apply the cut-off values found in the first cohort to a larger cohort to compare the performance of CAP and ultrasonography. <b>Methods:</b> Overall, 189 patients with CHB who underwent liver biopsy and CAP detection and 1707 patients with CHB and CAP who underwent abdominal ultrasonography were prospectively enrolled. The performance of CAP for evaluating hepatic steatosis compared with liver biopsy was calculated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). <b>Results:</b> In the 189 patients who underwent liver biopsy, the cut-offs for the CAP with steatosis S ≥ 1, S ≥ 2 and S ≥ 3 were 222 dB/m, 247 dB/m and 274 dB/m, respectively, and the AUROC were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.82–0.95), 0.92 (95% CI = 0.87–0.97) and 0.94 (95% CI = 0.90–0.99), respectively. After applying the cut-offs above to the 1707 patients, it was found that CAP had a good concordance with abdominal ultrasonography with steatosis grade &gt; S2. On multivariate analysis, body mass index (<i>p</i> p p = 0.001) were independent risk factors of CAP. <b>Conclusions:</b> CAP had high diagnostic performance for evaluating hepatic steatosis in patients with CHB and had a good concordance with abdominal ultrasonography.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464408
title: What elicits third-party anger? The effects of moral violation and others’ outcome on anger and compassion

description: People often get angry when they perceive an injustice that affects others but not themselves. In two studies, we investigated the elicitation of third-party anger by varying moral violation and others’ outcome presented in newspaper articles. We found that anger was highly contingent on the moral violation. Others’ outcome, although relevant for compassion, were not significantly relevant for anger (Study 1 and Study 2a) or less relevant for anger than for compassion (Study 2b). This indicates that people can be morally outraged: anger can be elicited by a perceived violation of moral values alone, independent of the harm done. A severe negative consequence for others is not necessary to elicit anger.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464408.v1
title: What elicits third-party anger? The effects of moral violation and others’ outcome on anger and compassion

description: People often get angry when they perceive an injustice that affects others but not themselves. In two studies, we investigated the elicitation of third-party anger by varying moral violation and others’ outcome presented in newspaper articles. We found that anger was highly contingent on the moral violation. Others’ outcome, although relevant for compassion, were not significantly relevant for anger (Study 1 and Study 2a) or less relevant for anger than for compassion (Study 2b). This indicates that people can be morally outraged: anger can be elicited by a perceived violation of moral values alone, independent of the harm done. A severe negative consequence for others is not necessary to elicit anger.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464363
title: A predictive data-driven framework for endocrine prioritization: a triazole fungicide case study

description: The US Environmental Protection Agency Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) is a tiered screening approach to determine the potential for a chemical to interact with estrogen, androgen, or thyroid hormone systems and/or perturb steroidogenesis. Use of high-throughput screening (HTS) to predict hazard and exposure is shifting the EDSP approach to (1) prioritization of chemicals for further screening; and (2) targeted use of EDSP Tier 1 assays to inform specific data needs. In this work, toxicology data for three triazole fungicides (triadimefon, propiconazole, and myclobutanil) were evaluated, including HTS results, EDSP Tier 1 screening (and other scientifically relevant information), and EPA guideline mammalian toxicology study data. The endocrine-related bioactivity predictions from HTS and information that satisfied the EDSP Tier 1 requirements were qualitatively concordant. Current limitations in the available HTS battery for thyroid and steroidogenesis pathways were mitigated by inclusion of guideline toxicology studies in this analysis. Similar margins (3–5 orders of magnitude) were observed between HTS-predicted human bioactivity and exposure values and between <i>in vivo</i> mammalian bioactivity and EPA chronic human exposure estimates for these products’ registered uses. Combined HTS hazard and human exposure predictions suggest low priority for higher-tiered endocrine testing of these triazoles. Comparison with the mammalian toxicology database indicated that this HTS-based prioritization would have been protective for any potential <i>in vivo</i> effects that form the basis of current risk assessment for these chemicals. This example demonstrates an effective, human health protective roadmap for EDSP evaluation of pesticide active ingredients via prioritization using HTS and guideline toxicology information.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464363.v1
title: A predictive data-driven framework for endocrine prioritization: a triazole fungicide case study

description: The US Environmental Protection Agency Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) is a tiered screening approach to determine the potential for a chemical to interact with estrogen, androgen, or thyroid hormone systems and/or perturb steroidogenesis. Use of high-throughput screening (HTS) to predict hazard and exposure is shifting the EDSP approach to (1) prioritization of chemicals for further screening; and (2) targeted use of EDSP Tier 1 assays to inform specific data needs. In this work, toxicology data for three triazole fungicides (triadimefon, propiconazole, and myclobutanil) were evaluated, including HTS results, EDSP Tier 1 screening (and other scientifically relevant information), and EPA guideline mammalian toxicology study data. The endocrine-related bioactivity predictions from HTS and information that satisfied the EDSP Tier 1 requirements were qualitatively concordant. Current limitations in the available HTS battery for thyroid and steroidogenesis pathways were mitigated by inclusion of guideline toxicology studies in this analysis. Similar margins (3–5 orders of magnitude) were observed between HTS-predicted human bioactivity and exposure values and between <i>in vivo</i> mammalian bioactivity and EPA chronic human exposure estimates for these products’ registered uses. Combined HTS hazard and human exposure predictions suggest low priority for higher-tiered endocrine testing of these triazoles. Comparison with the mammalian toxicology database indicated that this HTS-based prioritization would have been protective for any potential <i>in vivo</i> effects that form the basis of current risk assessment for these chemicals. This example demonstrates an effective, human health protective roadmap for EDSP evaluation of pesticide active ingredients via prioritization using HTS and guideline toxicology information.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464360
title: Dog Part dataset + annotation software

description: Files used for computing dog body parts and their annotation file.In every folder the original .oni video files the annotation file .ann and segmentation parameters .sp<br>the redme file describes the annotation file format<br>Annotation software is also included to possibly annotate new sequences<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464357
title: Rainfall Data, manually assigned labels indicating presence of rainfall

description: Contains labels and associated rainfall predictions for audio captured over 20 days at the Michelin Ecological Reserve in Bahia, Brazil.dataDesc.xlsx contains the data labels for each 5 minute section, both manually assigned and the average predicted class.feats.xlsx contains the raw features extracted in 10s windows. Presented in blocks of 30 rows representing each 5 minute section in the dataDesc.xlsx. Features in columns, first 10 columns are the 1st 10 central moments, next 1023 columns are wavelet packet energy features, last 241 colums is an amplitude histogram, -60 to 60 dB in 0.5 dB bins. Normalized to rms level of 10 secs.<br><br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464357.v1
title: Rainfall Data, manually assigned labels indicating presence of rainfall

description: Contains labels and associated rainfall predictions for audio captured over 20 days at the Michelin Ecological Reserve in Bahia, Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3464339
title: Rainfall Data, manually assigned labels indicating presence of rainfall

description: Contains labels and associated rainfall predictions for audio capture over 20 days at the Michelin Ecological Reserve in Bahia, Brazil.