cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01197.v1
title: Shoe-Leather Costs of Inflation and Policy Credibility
title: Version 1

description: Inflation can cause costly misallocations of resources as consumers seek to protect the purchasing power of their nominal assets. This research deals with the nature of these distortions, known as "shoe-leather costs," in a model where the demand for money is motivated by a shopping-time constraint. While the estimates of the shoe-leather costs of long-run inflation (implied by this model) are generally consistent with previous studies, the research shows that the transition between inflation rates can involve dynamics that alter the nature of these welfare effects. Specifically, the benefits of a disinflation policy are mitigated by the gradual adjustment of the economy in response to a lower inflation rate. This transition can be particularly protracted when there is uncertainty about the credibility of the disinflation policy.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is the data file 9811MP.DAT. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01198.v1
title: Historical United States Money Growth, Inflation, and Inflation Credibility
title: Version 1

description: This research focuses on the longer-term monetary relationships in historical data. Charts describing the 10-year average growth rates in the M2 monetary aggregate, nominal GDP, real GDP, and inflation are used to show that there is a consistent longer-term correlation between M2 growth, nominal GDP growth, and inflation but not between such nominal variables and real GDP growth. The data reveal extremely long cycles in monetary growth and inflation, the most recent of which was the strong upward trend in M2 growth, nominal GDP growth, and inflation during the 1960s and 1970s, and the strong downward trend since then. Data going back to the 19th century show that the most recent inflation/disinflation cycle is a repetition of earlier long monetary growth and inflation cycles in the United States historical record. Also discussed is a measure of bond market inflation credibility, defined as the difference between averages in long-term bond rates and real GDP growth. By this measure, inflation credibility hovered close to zero during the 1950s and early 1960s, but then rose to a peak of about 10 percent in the early 1980s. During the 1990s, the bond market has yet to restore the low inflation credibility that existed before inflation turned up during the 1960s. The conclusion is that the risks of starting another costly inflation/disinflation cycle could be avoided by monitoring monetary growth and maintaining a sufficiently tight policy to keep inflation low. An environment of credible price stability would allow the economy to function unfettered by inflationary distortions, which is all that can reasonably be expected of monetary policy, and is precisely what should be expected.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is the data file 9811WD.DAT. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01199.v1
title: Eighty Years of Observations on the Adjusted Monetary Base: 1918-1997
title: Version 1

description: Recent trends in empirical macroeconomic research embedding long-run relationships between seasonal cycles and business cycles and building endogenous growth models, along with the interest of policymakers in inflation targeting, have increased the importance of long-time series of macroeconomic data. Among the more important time series are quantitative measures of monetary policy, such as the adjusted monetary base. Previously published data for the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis adjusted monetary base begin in 1935 (seasonally unadjusted), and in 1950 (seasonally adjusted). In this analysis, the authors develop a consistent time series for the adjusted monetary base that begins in 1918, shortly after the founding of the Federal Reserve System.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: The file submitted is JF99AR.ZIP, which unzips to numerous program and data files. There is also a readme.txt file that explains all the program and data files.
These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01200.v1
title: Using the Gravity Model to Estimate the Costs of Protection
title: Version 1

description: Economists' estimates of the actual burden that trade protectionism imposes on the economy have been surprisingly small. In this article, the author presents a method that captures some of the effects and distortions of trade protection that have not been captured by existing methods. He finds that during 1996, worldwide protectionism reduced United States exports by 26.2 percent. Likewise, United States protectionism decreased United States imports from non-NAFTA countries by 15.4 percent. He calculates further that the welfare cost of United States protectionism amounted to about 1.45 percent of United States national income, which is much higher than previous estimates.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is 9901hw.xls, which contains the data for the regressions in the article. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01201.v1
title: Mass Public Decisions About Going to War
title: Version 1

description: This research is an exploration of how dispositional and situational factors (alone and in combination) influence support among the mass public for the use of United States military force in foreign conflicts .
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is force.por, a SPSS portable file. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr02308.v2
title: CBS News Monthly Poll #2, September 1997
title: Version 2

description: This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked to provide their opinions of President Bill Clinton and Vice President Al Gore and to comment on the controversy surrounding 1996 Democratic fundraising activities, the role of Bill Clinton and Al Gore in those activities, and the possibility of Al Gore's nomination as the Democratic presidential candidate in 2000. A series of questions about the status of the women's movement was also posed. Topics covered male perceptions of women, discrimination against women in education, the business world, and government jobs, and the meaning of the label "feminist". Respondents were also asked for their opinions on the correct age to marry, spousal responsibilities, and lessons that should be taught to young women. Other questions focused on the current tobacco industry and government negotiations, teenage smoking, infidelity in marriage, and how adultery is defined. Questions about major league baseball covered the designated hitter rule, inter-league games, league realignment, and the future of the position of baseball commissioner. Background information on respondents includes age of children in household, smoking habits, political party, political orientation, education, religion, age, race, ethnicity, belief that the world will end in 2000, and family income.
description: ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Created variable labels and/or value labels..
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: CBS News/New York Times Poll Series
description: (1) This collection has not been processed by ICPSR staff. ICPSR is distributing the data and documentation for this collection in essentially the same form in which they were received. When appropriate, hardcopy documentation has been converted to machine-readable form and variables have been recoded to ensure respondents' anonymity.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr02309.v2
title: CBS News Monthly Poll #1, November 1997
title: Version 2

description: This poll is part of a continuing series of monthly surveys that solicit public opinion on the presidency and on a range of other political and social issues. Respondents were asked for their opinions of President Bill Clinton and his handling of the presidency, foreign policy, and the economy, as well as their opinions of Vice President Al Gore, Hillary Clinton, Speaker of the House Newt Gingrich, and Senator Fred Thompson. Those queried were also asked to comment on the investigations and hearings surrounding 1996 Democratic fundraising activities and the future of campaign finance reform. Family issues, including spousal communication, the fears of teenagers, and parental responsibility regarding teenage drinking, were addressed. Other topics covered the role of vitamins in maintaining good health, the trial of British nanny Louise Woodward, the future of the penny, and the future of the one-dollar coin. Background information on respondents includes age of children in household, political party, political orientation, religion, education, age, race, ethnicity, family income, and marital status.
description: ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Created variable labels and/or value labels..
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: CBS News/New York Times Poll Series
description: (1) This collection has not been processed by ICPSR staff. ICPSR is distributing the data and documentation for this collection in essentially the same form in which they were received. When appropriate, hardcopy documentation has been converted to machine-readable form and variables have been recoded to ensure respondents' anonymity.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01203.v1
title: Going Down: The Asian Crisis and United States Exports
title: Version 1

description: The Asian financial and economic crisis has attracted much attention to the trade links among the United States and countries throughout Asia. Until the crisis, United States exports to East Asia were growing rapidly. In this article, the authors examine the abrupt decline in exports and provide estimates of the sizes of the export shock both to the United States economy as a whole and to specific sectors. More than half the industries they studied experienced declines in exports to East Asia of more than 15 percent. However, focusing solely on the export data overstates the importance of these declines for the industries in question. The effect of the decline depends on the extent to which that industry relies on the East Asian market to sell its output. Incorporating the export declines with the market share data indicates the extent to which each industry has been affected. For most industries, the decline in exports lowered growth by 0.4 percentage points or less. For some industries, such as the nonelectrical machinery industry, the export shock reduced output by 1 percent or more.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: The files submitted for release are 9903PCD.XLS, the data and programs for Figures 1-4 in the article, and 9903PCDP.ZIP, which unzips to program and data files for the rest of the tables and figures in the article.
These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01205.v1
title: Repression of Dissent: A Substitution Model of Government Coercion
title: Version 1

description: The data describe a substitution model of states' responses to dissident behavior, and a statistical test of some sequential hypotheses that are derived from the model. The focus is to understand the sequential response of states to dissident activity. That is, if dissidents protest, what will the state do next? Similarly, if dissidents are cooperative, what will the state do next? The author argues that the answer to both of these questions depends on the interaction of the state's most recent behavior (i.e., repression or accommodation) and the dissident's response. The model produces the hypothesis that states substitute repression for accommodation, and vice versa, in response to dissident protest. Statistical analysis of evidence from Peru and Sri Lanka, 1955-1991, suggests that the model captures well the sequential responses of the Peruvian and Sri Lankan governments to dissident behavior during that period.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The zip file submitted is moore00.zip, which contains the following files: marl-benn.peru.data, marl-benn.srilanka.data, marl-benn2.peru.data, marl-benn2.srilanka.data, moore.peru.shz, moore.srilanka.shz, peru.actar.data, srilanka.actar.data, peru.events.data, srilanka.events.data, README.txt, write1.peru.shz, write1.srilanka.shz, write2.peru.shz, and write2.srilanka.shz, which are program and ASCII data files. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01206.v1
title: Is Clarity of Responsibility Important for Economic Voting? Revisiting Powell and Whitten's Hypothesis
title: Version 1

description: The objective was to retest Powell and Whitten's 1993 hypothesis that the relationship between aggregate economic indicators and aggregate election outcomes is stronger in political contexts when there is greater clarity of responsibility. The data include alternative indicators of the variables discussed by Powell and Whitten, and more recent election results that were not contained in the original dataset. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the robustness of Powell and Whitten's initial findings. The data allow for a near-replication of their work, as well as a retesting of their basic model using different specifications, economic indicators, and vote variables. The impact of aggregate economic indicators on vote percentages for governing parties and the impact of political context (e.g., one-party vs. multi-party government) on government accountability for economic performance are examined.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The files are cdebk.wp (codebook in WordPerfect 5.1 format), cdebk.txt (codebook in ASCII text format), royleybo.wp (text of the article in WordPerfect 5.1), royleybo.txt (ASCII text version of the article), and royleytb.wp (tables in WordPerfect 5.1). The additional datasets, pwall and updtall, are provided in both Lotus 1-2-3 (*.wks) and SPSS portable file (*.por) formats. Also included is an SPSS file, freqs.spo. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01210.v1
title: FOMC in 1998: Can It Get Any Better Than This?
title: Version 1

description: This article explores how the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) largely contributed to the solid performance of the United States economy in 1998. The author discusses how the FOMC focused on domestic spending growth, tight labor markets, and increasing money stock growth to create a monetary policy that prevented increase in domestic demand. Further, the data illustrate how the committee also eased policy to accommodate the increasing demand for liquidity caused by Russia's default on its domestic debt and economic weaknesses in Asia and Latin America.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: The data file is called 9907DWD.XLS.
These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01211.v1
title: Seasonal Production Smoothing
title: Version 1

description: In this research, the author looked for and found evidence of seasonal production smoothing in 15 out of 25 manufacturing series and 8 out of 10 retail series, using de-trended seasonally unadjusted data. The equivalent tests using seasonally adjusted data were negative for all 35 series. The results suggest that seasonally adjusted data obscure short-term production smoothing.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The files submitted are 9909da.prg, a program file, and 9909da.xls, Excel tables. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01212.v1
title: Measuring Monetary Policy Inertia in Target Fed Funds Rate Changes
title: Version 1

description: Recent research has grappled with an apparent paradox: Why would a central bank that is focused primarily on inflation control exhibit signs of inertia when making policy adjustments? In this article, the author argues that fully characterizing the policy inertia is a precondition toward resolving the apparent paradox. This research presents empirical estimates of adjustments to the target fed funds rate that take into account two facets of policy inertia: a partial-adjustment mechanism and thresholds for making discrete changes to the target fed funds rate. With a more complete picture of the policy inertia, subsequent research can investigate whether policy appears to display either too much or the right amount of inertia.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The files submitted are 9909md.wf1 and 9909md.xls. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01213.v1
title: United States Trade Deficit and the "New Economy"
title: Version 1

description: Amidst the overall strength and longevity of the United States economic expansion of the 1990s, a growing current account deficit is one indicator that often is viewed with concern. In this article, the author discusses some basic economic principles about current accounts and how they relate to the United States experience during the 1990s. He suggests that recent deficits should not be thought of as a source of weakness in an otherwise vigorous economy, but rather, that they are reflective of the same forces underlying recent economic strength.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is 9909mp.xls, an Excel data file. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01214.v1
title: Credit Unions and the Common Bond
title: Version 1

description: A distinguishing feature of credit unions is the legal requirement that members share a common bond. This organizing principle recently became the focus of national attention when the Supreme Court and the U.S. Congress took opposite sides in a controversy regarding the number of common bonds (fields of membership) that could coexist within a single credit union. In this article, a model of credit union formation and consolidation is developed and simulated to examine the effects of common-bond restrictions on the performance of credit unions. The performance measures are based on participation rates among potential members and the operating costs of credit unions. Using a semiparametric econometric model and a large dataset drawn from federally-chartered occupational credit unions in 1996, the authors find that, for a given number of potential members, credit unions with multiple-group charters have higher participation rates. They also find that, for a given number of members, the operating costs of multiple-group credit unions are higher. Average operating costs at large credit unions, however, decrease as the number of members increases. The authors also find that local deposit-market concentration is related to participation rates and operating costs of credit unions.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The files submitted are 9909wed.zip and 9909wep.zip, which unzip to data and program files. 9909wed.zip includes a readme file that describes in detail the data and programs used for this article. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr02325.v1
title: Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior, September 1994
title: Version 1

description: The Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior series (also known as the Surveys of Consumers) was undertaken to measure changes in consumer attitudes and expectations, to understand why such changes occur, and to evaluate how they relate to consumer decisions to save, borrow, or make discretionary purchases. This type of information is essential
for forecasting changes in aggregate consumer behavior. Since the
1940s, these surveys have been produced quarterly through 1977 and
monthly thereafter. Each monthly survey probes a different aspect of
consumer confidence. Open-ended questions are asked concerning
evaluations and expectations about personal finances, employment,
price changes, and the national business situation. Additional
questions probe buying intentions for automobiles and the respondent's
appraisals of present market conditions for purchasing houses,
automobiles, and other durables. Demographic information includes
ethnic origin, sex, age, and education.
description: Datasets: 
					
						DS1: Dataset
description: Survey of Consumer Attitudes and Behavior Series
description: Additional information on the Surveys of Consumers can be found by visiting the Surveys of Consumers Web site.
description: Population of the United States aged 18 and older in
households.
description: National sample of dwelling units selected by area
probability sampling.