cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18384084
title: AI Legal Chatbot

description: Title: Dataset for "Design and Implementation of an AI Legal Chatbot to Support Legal Awareness Among Low-Income Citizens in Ghana"

Description:This repository contains anonymised datasets supporting the findings reported in the associated article. The data were used to train and evaluate a multilingual AI-powered legal chatbot designed for low-income users in Ghana.

Contents:- survey_conversational_data.csv: Anonymised legal queries and narratives- dataset_composition_table1.csv: Data underlying Table 1- model_performance_table2.csv: Evaluation metrics underlying Table 2- figure_performance_values.csv: Values used to generate performance figures

Ethics and Privacy:All datasets have been fully anonymised. No personal identifiers, names, locations, or sensitive personal data are included.Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.

License:CC-BY 4.0
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rbhcyj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 73 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Martialia hyadesi",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than -90",
 "DecimalLatitude is less than 10",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than -180",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1950",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2014"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 73 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001155-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7m2r4
title: Data from: Effective size in density-dependent two-sex populations: the effect of mating systems

description: Density dependence in vital rates is a key feature affecting temporal
 fluctuations of natural populations. This has important implications for
 the rate of random genetic drift. Mating systems also greatly affect
 effective population sizes, but knowledge of how mating system and density
 regulation interact to affect random genetic drift is poor. Using
 theoretical models and simulations, we compare Ne in short-lived, density
 dependent animal populations with different mating systems. We study the
 impact of a fluctuating, density dependent sex ratio and consider both a
 stable and a fluctuating environment. We find a negative relationship
 between annual Ne/N and adult population size N due to density dependence,
 suggesting that loss of genetic variation is reduced at small densities.
 The magnitude of this decrease was affected by mating system and life
 history. A male-biased, density dependent sex ratio reduces the rate of
 genetic drift compared to an equal, density independent sex ratio, but a
 stochastic change towards male-bias reduces the Ne/N ratio. Environmental
 stochasticity amplifies temporal fluctuations in population size, and is
 thus vital to consider in estimation of effective population sizes over
 longer time periods. Our results on the reduced loss of genetic variation
 at small densities, particularly in polygamous populations, indicate that
 density regulation may facilitate adaptive evolution at small population
 sizes.
description: R-codeIncludes the functions
 used to generate simulated data of genetic drift. Feeding this function
 with the parameters provided in the article and following the same
 procedure will provide similar results.R-Code.R
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3sk82
title: Data from: Experimental exposure to trace metals affects plumage bacterial community in the feral pigeon

description: Bacteria are fundamental associates of animals, and recent studies have
 highlighted their major role in host behaviour, immunity or reproductive
 investment. Thus, any environmental factor modifying bacterial community
 may affect host fitness. In birds, trace metals emitted by anthropogenic
 activities accumulate onto the plumage where they may alter bacterial
 community and ultimately affect bird fitness. Although trace metals are
 current major environmental issues in urban habitats, their effects on
 feather bacterial community have never been investigated. Here, we
 supplemented feral pigeons Columba livia, an emblematic urban species,
 with zinc and/or lead in drinking and bath water. As expected, lead and
 zinc supplementations modified plumage bacterial community composition.
 Zinc decreased bacterial load, while lead decreased bacterial richness and
 the frequency of preening behaviour in birds, known to regulate feather
 bacteria. Our results demonstrate for the first time the effects of common
 urban trace metals on plumage bacterial community and shed light on one of
 the mechanisms by which trace metals can affect bird fitness. Further
 studies are now needed to investigate how this effect modulates avian life
 history traits known to depend on plumage bacterial community.
description: Feather bacterial
 community in the feral pigeonThese data were
 collected during an experimental conducted in 2013 on pigeons housed in
 aviaries. We measured the composition of feather bacterial communities
 (data 2), Bacterial load and preening behaviour (Time spent preening). We
 took into account Zinc exposure, Lead exposure, plumage colouration
 (Melanin type and Eumelanin level), Sexe, Aviary and Feather weight (data
 1).data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3s06p
title: Data from: Fluorescence and photophysical properties of xylene isomers in water: with experimental and theoretical approaches

description: A thorough analysis of the photophysical properties involved in electronic
 transitions in excitation–emission spectra of xylene isomers has been
 carried out using the time-dependent density functional theory
 (PBEPBE/6-31 + G(d,p)) method. For the first time a structural and
 spectroscopic investigation to distinguish isomers of xylene, a widespread
 priority pollutant, was conducted experimentally and theoretically. The
 fluorescence properties of xylene isomers (sole and mixture (binary and
 ternary)) in water were studied. The fluorescence peak intensities of
 xylenes were linearly correlated to concentration, in the order of
 p-xylene &gt; o-xylene &gt; m-xylene at an excitation/emission
 wavelength (ex/em) of 260 nm/285 nm for o-, m-xylene and ex/em
 265 nm/290 nm for p-xylene at the same concentration. The theoretical
 excitation/emission wavelengths were at ex/em 247 nm/267 nm, 248 nm/269 nm
 and 251 nm/307 nm for o-, m- and p-xylene, respectively. The vertical
 excitation and emission state energies of p-xylene (ex/em 4.94 eV/4.03 eV)
 were lower and the internal conversion energy difference (0.90 eV) was
 higher than those of m-xylene (ex/em 5.00 eV/4.60 eV) (0.4 eV) and
 o-xylene (ex/em 5.02 eV/4.64 eV) (0.377 eV). The order of theoretical
 emission and oscillator strength (0.0187 &gt; 0.0175 &gt; 0.0339)
 for p-xylene &gt; o-xylene &gt; m-xylene was observed to be in
 agreement with the experimental fluorescence intensities. These findings
 provide a novel fast method to distinguish isomers based on their
 photophysical properties.
description: Supplementary
 material
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.74024
title: Data from: Ecological speciation in dynamic landscapes

description: Although verbal theories of speciation consider landscape changes,
 ecological speciation is usually modeled in a fixed geographical
 arrangement. Yet landscape changes occur, at different spatio-temporal
 scales, due to geological, climatic or ecological processes, and these
 changes result in repeated divisions and reconnections of populations. We
 examine the effect of such landscape dynamics on speciation. We use a
 stochastic, sexual population model with polygenic inheritance, embedded
 in a landscape dynamics model (allopatry-sympatry oscillations). We show
 that, under stabilizing selection, allopatry easily generates diversity,
 but species coexistence is evolutionarily unsustainable. Allopatry
 produces refuges whose persistence depends on the characteristic time
 scales of the landscape dynamics. Under disruptive selection, assuming
 that sympatric speciation is impossible due to Mendelian inheritance,
 allopatry is necessary for ecological differentiation. The completion of
 reproductive isolation, by reinforcement, then requires several sympatric
 phases. These results demonstrate that the succession of past, current and
 future geographical arrangements considerably influence the speciation
 process.
description: simulations_source_code
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c1g08
title: Data from: Temporal population genetics of time travelling insects: a long term longitudinal study in a seed-specialized wasp

description: Many animal species experiencing spatial or interannual fluctuations of
 their environment are capable of prolonged diapause, a kind of dormancy
 that extends over more than one year. Such a prolonged diapause is
 commonly perceived as a temporal demographic refuge in stochastic
 environments, but empirical evidence is still lacking of its consequences
 on temporal population genetic structures. In this long-term study, we
 investigated how a particular pattern of prolonged diapause may influence
 the temporal population genetics of the invasive seed-specialized wasp
 Megastigmus schimitscheki (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in southeastern France.
 We characterized the diapause strategy of M. schimitscheki using records
 of emergence from diapause in 97 larval cohorts, and we conducted a
 temporal population genetic study on a natural invasive wasp population
 sampled during ten consecutive years (1999–2008) using polymorphic
 microsatellite markers. We found that M. schimitscheki can undergo a
 prolonged diapause of up to five years and displays two main adult
 emergence peaks after two and four years of diapause. Such a bimodal and
 atypical pattern did not disrupt temporal gene flow between cohorts
 produced in even and in odd years during the period of the study.
 Unexpectedly, we found that this wasp population consisted of two distinct
 genetic sub-populations that strongly diverged in their diapause
 strategies, with very few admixed individuals. One of the sub-populations
 displayed both short and prolonged diapause (2 and 4 years respectively)
 in equal proportions, whereas the other sub-population displayed mainly
 short diapause. This study provided empirical evidence that prolonged
 diapause phenotypes can substantially contribute to reproduction and
 impact temporal genetic structures. Prolonged diapause is likely to act as
 both demographic and genetic refuges for insect populations living in
 fluctuating environments.
description: Microsatellite data for
 ten consecutive cohorts of the seed wasp Megastigmus schimitscheki sampled
 in southeastern France.This file presents the
 genotypes of 470 females of Megastigmus schimitscheki sampled in 10
 successive cohorts (1999-2008) at Mont Ventoux, southeastern France
 (44.141389°N 5.386111°E). The sampled individuals displayed either short
 (SD) or prolonged (PD) diapause, which lasted 2 and 4 years, respectively.
 Emerging females of the SD or the PD phenotypes were genotyped at 9
 microsatellite loci : MS1-alpha, MS2-162, MW-34, MS1-110, MS3-98, MS3-105,
 MS3-99, MS1-43 and MS3-91. Electrophoresis of PCR products was performed
 on an ABI3730 XL sequencer and the microsatellite profiles were analysed
 in the GenMapper software version 4.1Megastigmus schimitscheki
 genotypes.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pg126
title: Data from: DNA methylation combinations in adjacent normal colon tissue predict cancer recurrence: evidence from a clinical cohort study

description: Accumulating evidence has suggested the requirement for further
 stratification of patients in the same tumor stage according to molecular
 factors. We evaluate the combination of cancer stage and DNA methylation
 status as an indicator of the risk of recurrence and mortality among
 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). A cohort study of 215 patients with
 CRC (mean age 64.32 years; 50.5% of men) from Tri-Service General Hospital
 in Taiwan examined the association between cancer stage and risk of CRC
 recurrence and mortality. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to
 analyze patient methylation status and clinical information at study
 entry, and their associations with CRC recurrence and mortality during
 follow-up. The advanced stage patients with p16, hMLH1, and MGMT
 methylation were associated with higher risk of CRC recurrence compared
 with the local stage patients with unmethylation status in tumor tissues,
 with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 9.64
 (2.92–31.81), 8.29 (3.40–20.22), and 11.83 (3.49–40.12), respectively.
 When analyzing normal tissues, we observed similar risk of CRC recurrence
 with adjusted HRs (95% CI) of 10.85 (4.06–28.96), 9.04 (3.79–21.54), and
 12.61 (4.90–32.44), respectively. For combined analyses, the risk of
 recurrence in the patients in advanced stage with DNA methylation in both
 normal and tumor tissues, compared with local stage with unmethylation,
 was increased with adjusted HR (95% CI) of 9.37 (3.36–26.09). In the
 advanced stage patients, methylation status and tissue subtype were
 associated with increased risk of 5-year cumulative CRC recurrence (p
 &lt; 0.001). This study demonstrates that clustering DNA methylation
 status according to cancer stage and tissue subtype is critical for the
 assessment of risk of recurrence in CRC patients and also indicated an
 underlying mechanism.
description: Kuan et al. for Plos One
 2015The raw data for all the
 analyzes in this study was collected from Tri-Service General Hospital.
 Patient baseline characteristics, including sex, age at surgery, stage (I,
 II, III, and IV), recurrence, mortality status, and gene promoter region
 methylation status in the candidate genes (p16, hMLH1, and MGMT), were
 compared.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1s9g1
title: Data from: Stress hormones predict a host superspreader phenotype in the West Nile virus system

description: Glucocorticoid stress hormones, such as corticosterone (CORT), have
 profound effects on the behaviour and physiology of organisms, and thus
 have the potential to alter host competence and the contributions of
 individuals to population- and community-level pathogen dynamics. For
 example, CORT could alter the rate of contacts among hosts, pathogens and
 vectors through its widespread effects on host metabolism and activity
 levels. CORT could also affect the intensity and duration of pathogen
 shedding and risk of host mortality during infection. We experimentally
 manipulated songbird CORT, asking how CORT affected behavioural and
 physiological responses to a standardized West Nile virus (WNV) challenge.
 Although all birds became infected after exposure to the virus, only birds
 with elevated CORT had viral loads at or above the infectious threshold.
 Moreover, though the rate of mortality was faster in birds with elevated
 CORT compared with controls, most hosts with elevated CORT survived past
 the day of peak infectiousness. CORT concentrations just prior to
 inoculation with WNV and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations
 following viral exposure were predictive of individual duration of
 infectiousness and the ability to maintain physical performance during
 infection (i.e. tolerance), revealing putative biomarkers of competence.
 Collectively, our results suggest that glucocorticoid stress hormones
 could directly and indirectly mediate the spread of pathogens.
description: CORTWNVMS_forDryad_Gervasi_6_9_17Individual sheets for analyses of survival, viremia, cytokine levels, host performance, tolerance, and infectiousness
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p6s40
title: Data from: Temporal dynamics of nutrient uptake by neighboring plant species: evidence from intercropping

description: The productivity of species-diverse plant assemblages strongly depends on
 the temporal dynamics of nutrient uptake by competing neighbouring plants.
 Our understanding, however, of how rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P)
 and potassium (K) uptake might change through time between neighbouring
 plant species under field conditions is still very limited. Here, we
 specifically measure the temporal trajectories of N, P and K uptake by
 staple food plants such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum
 vulgare L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) when growing either in monocultures or
 in intercropping systems. We ask how (i) plant species combinations, (ii)
 N fertilization and (iii) film mulching might affect key indexes of N, P
 and K uptake over time. We fit logistic models to characterize the
 nutrient uptake trajectories. Maximum cumulative N, P and K uptake (kg
 ha−1) by wheat and barley were significantly greater in wheat–maize or
 barley–maize intercropping systems than in wheat or barley monocultures.
 Cumulative nutrient uptake by intercropped maize (either with wheat or
 with barley) was reduced by interspecific competition at early growth
 stages, but it increased rapidly after wheat and barley were harvested.
 Maximum cumulative N and P (but not K) uptake by intercropped maize were
 significantly higher than the uptake by monoculture maize, particularly
 when N fertilizer or film mulching was applied. Intercropping induced a
 significant temporal niche differentiation in maximum daily nutrient
 uptake rates (kg ha−1 day−1) between intercropped species. Fertilization
 had much stronger effects on maximum cumulative nutrient uptake of maize
 than that of wheat and barley. Mulching significantly increased the
 maximum cumulative nutrient uptake of maize and advanced the time to reach
 its maximum daily P and K uptake rates. Our study provides evidence of an
 important temporal niche differentiation mechanism (‘temporal
 complementarity’) in nutrient uptake rates between neighbouring plant
 species. A better understanding of temporal trajectories of interspecific
 nutrient uptake rates remains crucial if we want to maximize the
 nutrient-use efficiency and sustain overyielding (i.e. high food
 production) in plant species-diverse systems such as intercropping.
description: Temporal dynamics of
 nutrient uptake-dataset-Zhang, Liu and Li-FE-2016
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p592s
title: Data from: Soil-mediated filtering organizes tree assemblages in regenerating tropical forests

description: 1.Secondary forests are increasingly dominant in human-modified tropical
 landscapes, but the drivers of forest recovery remain poorly understood.
 Soil conditions influence plant community composition, and are expected to
 change over a gradient of succession. However, the role of soil conditions
 as an environmental filter driving community assembly during forest
 succession has rarely been explicitly assessed. 2.We evaluated the role of
 stand basal area and soil conditions on community assembly and its
 consequences for community functional properties along a chronosequence of
 Atlantic forest regeneration following sugar cane cultivation.
 Specifically, we tested whether community functional properties are
 related to stand basal area, soil fertility and soil moisture. Our
 expectations were that edaphic environmental filters play an increasingly
 important role along secondary succession by increasing functional trait
 convergence towards more conservative attributes. 3.We sampled soil and
 woody vegetation features across 15 second-growth (3-30 years) and 11
 old-growth forest plots (300 m² each). We recorded tree functional traits
 related to resource-use strategies (specific leaf area, SLA; leaf dry
 matter content, LDMC; leaf area, LA; leaf thickness, LT; and leaf
 succulence, LS) and calculated community functional properties using the
 community-weighted mean (CWM) of each trait and the functional dispersion
 (FDis) of each trait separately and all traits together. 4.With exception
 of LA, all leaf traits were strongly associated with stand basal area;
 LDMC and SLA increased, while LT and LS decreased with forest development.
 Such changes in LDMC, LT and LS were also related to the decrease in soil
 nutrient availability and pH along succession, while soil moisture was
 weakly related to community functional properties. Considering all traits,
 as well as leaf thickness and succulence separately, FDis strongly
 decreased with increasing basal area and decreasing soil fertility along
 forest succession, presenting the lowest values in old-growth forests.
 5.Synthesis. Our findings suggest that tropical forest regeneration may be
 a deterministic process shaped by soil conditions. Soil fertility operates
 as a key filter causing functional convergence towards more conservative
 resource-use strategies, such as leaves with higher leaf dry mass content.
description: Species abundance per
 plotspp_plot.txtPhysical-chemical soil variablessoil.txtStand age, basal area and soil PC axesstand age and structure.xlsxSpecies traitssp_traits.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.73md8h4
title: Data from: Anti-herbivore defences and insect herbivory: interactive effects of drought and tree neighbours

description: 1. How much a plant is attacked by insect herbivores likely depends on its
 apparency and ability to produce defensive traits, which may be modified
 by neighbouring plants and abiotic conditions. Yet, how much the direct
 and trait-mediated effects of neighbours on herbivory is modified by
 abiotic factors is still unknown. 2. By using a tree diversity experiment
 in SW France, we measured leaf insect herbivory (chewers and miners),
 nutritional quality (water content, C/N ratio, sugar and starch content)
 and chemical defences (total polyphenolics and condensed tannins) on birch
 (Betula pendula) trees growing in monocultures and mixtures with oak, pine
 or both species. We alleviated water stress by irrigating trees in half of
 the plots while trees remained unwatered (i.e., drought-stressed) in the
 other half. 3. Overall, insect herbivory was higher among heterospecific
 neighbours, which corresponds to associational susceptibility. Consistent
 with this finding, leaves had lower amount of anti-herbivore defences
 among heterospecific neighbours. In turn, insects caused more damage in
 drought-stressed conditions, but such effect was independent of leaf
 chemistry. We also found that the effect of tree species diversity on
 herbivory was contingent of drought conditions as associational
 susceptibility only occurred in drought-stressed trees. The independent
 and interactive effects of neighbour diversity and irrigation on leaf
 herbivory remained significant after accounting for birch apparency and
 leaf chemistry, suggesting that unmeasured plant traits or some other
 mechanisms not associated with plant trait variation and apparency might
 be involved in the observed herbivory patterns. 4. Synthesis. By
 demonstrating that associational effects are contingent upon abiotic
 constraints, we bring new insights into our understanding of the
 mechanisms driving diversity - resistance relationships across climatic
 gradients
description: Table
 S2_DataInsect herbivory and
 leaf traits data of birch trees along a tree diversity gradient under
 irrigated vs. water stress conditions, in the ORPHEE
 experiment