cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5255/ukda-sn-6673-13
title: Understanding Society: Waves 1-11, 2009-2020 and Harmonised BHPS: Waves 1-18, 1991-2009: Special Licence Access, Primary Care Organisations
title: Understanding Society, 2008- : Special Licence Access
title: United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study; UKHLS

description: &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Understanding Society&lt;/span&gt; (the UK Household Longitudinal Study), which began in 2009, is conducted by the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex, and the survey research organisations Kantar Public and NatCen. It builds on and incorporates, the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), which began in 1991. &lt;p&gt;This dataset contains Primary Care Organisation (PCO) geographic variables for each wave of Understanding Society and harmonised BHPS to date, and a household identification serial number for file matching to the main data. These data have more restrictive access conditions than those available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section). Those users who wish to make an application for these data should contact the HelpDesk for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; These data are consistent with the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD). Please see the Geographical Lookup Tables document for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Latest Edition Information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="x_MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span&gt;For the 13th edition (November 2021), Wave 11 data have been added, and the documentation has been updated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.5255/ukda-sn-6674-13
title: Understanding Society: Waves 1-11, 2009-2020 and Harmonised BHPS: Waves 1-18, 1991-2009: Special Licence Access, Census 2001 Output Area Classification
title: Understanding Society, 2008- : Special Licence Access
title: United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study; UKHLS

description: &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Understanding Society&lt;/span&gt; (the UK Household Longitudinal Study), which began in 2009, is conducted by the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex, and the survey research organisations Kantar Public and NatCen. It builds on and incorporates, the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), which began in 1991. &lt;p&gt;This dataset contains Census 2001 Output Area Classification (OAC) geographic variables for each wave of Understanding Society and harmonised BHPS to date, and a household identification serial number for file matching to the main data.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;These are the classifications for Output Areas and not the Output Area codes themselves. The lowest level of geography available under Special Licence is Lower Layer Super Output Areas (LSOA). There is also a 2011 census version of the Output Area Classifications: see SN 7629.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;These data have more restrictive access conditions than those available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section). Those users who wish to make an application for these data should contact the HelpDesk for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; These data are consistent with the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD). Please see the Geographical Lookup Tables document for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Latest Edition Information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="x_MsoNormal"&gt;For the 13th edition (November 2021), Wave 11 data have been added, and the documentation has been updated.&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.25549/jrbm-c91-1252
title: Kankai ibun, vol. 7, 1807

description: Kankai ibun, [1807], volume 7 = Description and travel of circumnavigation of seas, [1807], volume 7 = 環海 異聞 七 文化 4. Volume seven of a manuscript by Gentaku Ōtsuki and Kōkyō Shimura who drew from four Japanese fishermen the story of their voyage around the world during repeated interviews. The Kankai Ibun is an account of their journey when they were sent off-course en route to the capital, Edo. The fishermen were rescued by a Russian ship and taken to late 18th / early 19th century Europe and, most especially, Russia.; The cargo ship, Wakamiyamaru, left from the port of Ishimaki in Sendai-han, today’s Miyagi Prefecture, in Japan carrying rice and lumber with 16 crew members for Edo, today’s Tokyo, on November 27th, 1793. Shipwrecked and drifted in the Pacific Ocean for half a year, they finally landed in one of the islands of the Andreanof Islands, a part of the Aleutian Islands on May 10th, 1794. They were transferred to Irkutsk by Russians where they stayed until the spring of 1803. They were then called in by Alexander I of Russia to St. Petersburg where they stayed from April to June in 1803, and from where they started their journey back home. They were included in the Rezanov mission on the first Russian global circumnavigation by a ship Nadezhda. It took them 16 months to reach the port of Nagasaki, Japan in September, 1804 since they left in June, 1803. Of the sixteen, five crewmen got on board. Four returned home in Sendai; one, who had become an interpreter, returned to Russia with Rezanov.
DOI: 10.5255/ukda-sn-6668-13
title: Understanding Society: Waves 1-11, 2009-2020 and Harmonised BHPS: Waves 1-18, 1991-2009: Special Licence Access, Westminster Parliamentary Constituencies
title: Understanding Society, 2008- : Special Licence Access
title: United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study; UKHLS

description: &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Understanding Society&lt;/span&gt; (the UK Household Longitudinal Study), which began in 2009, is conducted by the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex, and the survey research organisations Kantar Public and NatCen. It builds on and incorporates, the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), which began in 1991. &lt;p&gt;This dataset contains Westminster Parliamentary Constituencies (PCON) geographic variables for each wave of Understanding Society and harmonised BHPS to date, and a household identification serial number for file matching to the main data. These data have more restrictive access conditions than those available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section). Those users who wish to make an application for these data should contact the HelpDesk for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; These data are consistent with the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD). Please see the Geographical Lookup Tables document for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Latest Edition Information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="x_MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span&gt;For the 13th edition (November 2021), Wave 11 data have been added, and the documentation has been updated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.5255/ukda-sn-6669-13
title: Understanding Society: Waves 1-11, 2009-2020 and Harmonised BHPS: Waves 1-18, 1991-2009: Special Licence Access, Census Area Statistics Wards
title: Understanding Society, 2008- : Special Licence Access
title: United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study; UKHLS

description: &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Understanding Society&lt;/span&gt; (the UK Household Longitudinal Study), which began in 2009, is conducted by the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex, and the survey research organisations Kantar Public and NatCen. It builds on and incorporates, the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), which began in 1991. &lt;p&gt;This dataset contains Census Area Statistics Ward (CASWARD) geographic variables for each wave of Understanding Society and harmonised BHPS to date, and a household identification serial number for file matching to the main data. These data have more restrictive access conditions than those available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section). Those users who wish to make an application for these data should contact the HelpDesk for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; These data are consistent with the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD). Please see the Geographical Lookup Tables document for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Latest Edition Information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="x_MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span&gt;For the 13th edition (November 2021), Wave 11 data have been added, and the documentation has been updated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.5255/ukda-sn-6670-13
title: Understanding Society: Waves 1-11, 2009-2020 and Harmonised BHPS: Waves 1-18, 1991-2009: Special Licence Access, Census 2001 Lower Layer Super Output Areas
title: Understanding Society, 2008- : Special Licence Access
title: United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study; UKHLS

description: &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Understanding Society&lt;/span&gt; (the UK Household Longitudinal Study), which began in 2009, is conducted by the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex, and the survey research organisations Kantar Public and NatCen. It builds on and incorporates, the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), which began in 1991. &lt;p&gt;This dataset contains Census 2001-defined geographic variables for each wave of Understanding Society and harmonised BHPS to date, and a household identification serial number for file matching to the main data. These data have more restrictive access conditions than those available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section). Those users who wish to make an application for these data should contact the HelpDesk for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; These data are consistent with the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD). Please see the Geographical Lookup Tables document for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Census 2001 and 2011 LSOA access restrictions&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt; When placing an order for these data, users should note that, to minimise the risk of disclosure, users may access one or the other of SN 6670 (this study) and SN 7248 &lt;em&gt;Understanding Society: Special Licence Access, Census 2011 Lower Layer Super Output Areas&lt;/em&gt;, but not both. &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Latest Edition Information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="x_MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span&gt;For the 13th edition (November 2021), Wave 11 data have been added, and the documentation has been updated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.5255/ukda-sn-6671-13
title: Understanding Society: Waves 1-11, 2009-2020 and Harmonised BHPS: Waves 1-18, 1991-2009: Special Licence Access, Local Education Authorities
title: Understanding Society, 2008- : Special Licence Access
title: United Kingdom Household Longitudinal Study; UKHLS

description: &lt;span style="font-style: italic;"&gt;Understanding Society&lt;/span&gt; (the UK Household Longitudinal Study), which began in 2009, is conducted by the Institute for Social and Economic Research (ISER) at the University of Essex, and the survey research organisations Kantar Public and NatCen. It builds on and incorporates, the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), which began in 1991. &lt;p&gt;This dataset contains Local Education Authorities (LEAs) for England and Wales and equivalent Scotland and Northern Ireland geographic variables for each wave of Understanding Society and harmonised BHPS to date, and a household identification serial number for file matching to the main data. These data have more restrictive access conditions than those available under the standard End User Licence (see 'Access' section). Those users who wish to make an application for these data should contact the HelpDesk for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; These data are consistent with the ONS Postcode Directory (ONSPD). Please see the Geographical Lookup Tables document for further details.&lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Latest Edition Information&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p class="x_MsoNormal"&gt;&lt;span&gt;For the 13th edition (November 2021), Wave 11 data have been added, and the documentation has been updated.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.15468/dl.eez24b
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 36 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Clematis grewiiflora"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 36 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0010933-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5ppkrh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1641 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Astrapia mayeri)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "License is one of (CC-BY 4.0, CC0 1.0)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1641 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0082980-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k46rgk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 56 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Agrilus planipennis",
 "Country is Russian Federation",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 56 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0082981-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bx67m5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Agrilus planipennis",
 "Country is Sweden",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0082982-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.aecy5u
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Hylobates agilis)",
 "Country is one of (Bermuda, Canada, Greenland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, United States of America)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0082986-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.3535/cy9-06l-68n
title: †Laevidentalina megalopolitana (Reuss, 1855)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lp8-7lk-tfy
title: Guttulina irregularis (d'Orbigny, 1846)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hq6-gag-m9v
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w19-5kz-zwj
title: †Praeradiolites Douvillé, 1903

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8vs-5kf-kzg
title: †Cytherura trentoniensis Bonnema, 1941

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mn6x7k
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 462 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Cercopagis pengoi",
 {
 "or" : [
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters is less than 5000",
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters is null"
 ]
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 462 records from 13 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0022581-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/hy5-slz-jd4
title: Buliminus H. Beck, 1837

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xe3-gk9-zrv
title: Nonion umbilicatulum (Walker & Jacob, 1798)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5ny-ze7-509
title: Textularia earlandi Parker, 1952

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/fqt-r2z-7j5
title: Ammodiscus planus Höglund, 1947

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cp6s8b
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 18 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Pheidole megacephala",
 "Country is Brazil",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 18 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0022582-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/b28-nf2-5w0
title: †Loxostomum Ehrenberg, 1854

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vty4cj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Pheidole megacephala",
 "Country is China",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0022583-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/404-q04-sga
title: †Bolivinoides decorata (Jones, 1886)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/d7z-51y-yb9
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mad-erz-ce2
title: Sigmoilina sigmoidea (Brady, 1884)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/kpk-z0c-wtt
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nhfkk6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 15 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Pheidole megacephala",
 "Country is Colombia",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 15 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0022584-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/d3z-18p-hkk
title: Eponides repandus (Fichtel & Moll, 1798)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/q53-80a-2cb
title: Lingulina carinata d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/t56-y6e-ezx
title: Planorbulina mediterranensis d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/734-cq3-3rj
title: †Voloshinovella aquisgranensis (Beissel, 1886)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rmf-d1n-arw
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/n5f-lhx-sey
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mxj-srv-1cj
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/x2h-kn5-4ht
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/6br-6zv-s84
title: Laevidentalina filiformis (d'Orbigny, 1826)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/nsx-7pr-0en
title: Lingulina seminuda Hantken, 1875

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/vvp-rl0-n85
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/68p-2dh-pfg
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lxr-m42-x67
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/yay-vrd-py5
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0v8-hvx-phw
title: †Elphidium latidorsatum (Reuss, 1864)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/3rt-eq4-m9w
title: Karreria Rzehak, 1891

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rqm-15j-tqj
title: Laevidentalina elegans (d'Orbigny, 1846)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rn0-bh5-z4f
title: †Globulina gravida (Terquem, 1878)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ahvvxc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 16365 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Pastinaca sativa L.",
 "Country is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 16365 records from 94 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0007444-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29114048
title: Dataset-mild-bottleneck-training

description: Dataset with mild bottleneck.The commands to generate MS files are:train/neutral.ms: ./msdir/ms 128 1000 -t 2000 -r 2000 2000 -eN .10000000000000000000 0.5 -eN .10100000000000000000 118085 44678 25766train/selsweep.ms:./msseldir/mssel 128 1000 0 128 ./trajectory_files/trajectory2.txt 1000 -t 2000 -r 2000 2000 -eN .10000000000000000000 0.5 -eN .10100000000000000000 118085 44678 25766
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ctqhnj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1553 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Tachycineta meyeni (Cabanis, 1850)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1553 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0010341-250515123054153/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15480/882.15053
title: Data Supplement to the Article: "Structuring of electrorheological fluids in polymer matrices for miniature actuators"

description: In this upload, all required information for the experimental analysis in the related paper (DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39138) is included.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14726101
title: Data from: ''A multiscale pore analysis method for PEMFC catalyst layers validated and exemplified by correlating microstructure with production process parameters ''