cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241145.v1
title: Erratum: Ischemic Preconditioning Attenuates Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Activation of IKKβ and Inflammatory Response

description: <i>Background:</i> Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of acute renal failure (ARF). The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has been implicated as a key mediator of reperfusion injury. Activation of NF-κB is dependent upon the phosphorylation of its inhibitor, IκB, by the specific inhibitory κB kinase (IKK) subunit, IKKβ. We hypothesized that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) reduces acute renal damage following I/R injury by inhibiting activation of IKKβ. As neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), an early predictive biomarker of acute kidney injury, is regulated by NF-κB, we approached the relationship between NGAL and IKKβ. <i>Method:</i> Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups after right kidney nephrectomy. Group A rats were sham-operated controls. Group B rats were 45-min ischemic in the left renal artery while Group C rats were pre-treated with 3 cycles of 2-min ischemia and 5-min reperfusion. All the rats were sacrificed at 24 h after reperfusion. We harvested kidneys and serum to do further analysis, including histological and functional parameters, expressions of NGAL and IKKβ in renal tissues. <i>Results:</i> Compared with rats subjected to I/R injury, pre-treated rats had a significant decrease in serum creatinine level (Scr) and tubulointerstitial injury scores (Scr, 86.79 ± 12.98 vs. 205.89 ± 19.16 μmol/l, p &lt; 0.01; tubulointerstitial injury scores, 1.3 ± 0.48 vs. 3.8 ± 0.79, p &lt; 0.01). In addition, expressions of IKKβ (0.95 ± 0.21 vs. 1.74 ± 0.17, p &lt; 0.05) and NGAL (1.71 ± 0.032 vs. 2.66 ± 0.078, p &lt; 0.05) at renal tubule in pre-treated rats were attenuated significantly compared with rats subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Moreover, our study showed that IKKβ and NGAL were in positive correlation (R = 0.965 &gt; R<sub>0.01</sub>(30) = 0.448, p &lt; 0.01). <i>Conclusions:</i> The evidence suggests that IKKβ may play a role in renal I/R injury and give rise to the generation of NGAL. It appears that IPC may attenuate renal injury and the expression of NGAL following acute I/R injury. IKKβ may offer a clinically accessible target for preventing renal injury following I/R.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241130
title: Erratum: 15-Deoxy-Δ<sup>12,14</sup>-Prostaglandin J<sub>2</sub> Induces IL-8 and GM-CSF in a Human Airway Epithelial Cell Line (NCI-H<sub>292</sub>)

description: <i>Background: </i>15-Deoxy-Δ<sup>12,14</sup>-prostaglandin J<sub>2</sub> (15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub>), a major prostanoid metabolized from prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub> (PGD<sub>2</sub>), plays an important role in various biological processes including inflammatory responses. 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub> exerts its effects through two major receptors, chemoattractant receptor- homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ). The 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub>/PPARγ system, in particular, regulates numerous biological processes including adipogenesis, apoptosis, and inflammation. Although our studies have shown that PGD<sub>2</sub> (metabolic precursor of 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub>) induces IL-8 and GM-CSF production, the role of 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub> (metabolite of PGD<sub>2</sub>) is unknown in human bronchial epithelial cells. In this study, we investigated the function of 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub> on a human airway epithelial cell line: NCI-H<sub>292</sub>. <i>Method:</i> NCI-H<sub>292</sub> cells were cultured in the presence of various stimulants. The resulting supernatants were used for ELISA analysis. <i>Results:</i> We demonstrated that 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub> induced production of IL-8 and GM-CSF from NCI-H<sub>292</sub>. 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-PGD<sub>2 </sub>(DK-PGD<sub>2</sub>) (CRTH2 agonist) and troglitazone (PPARγ agonist) failed to increase the production of these cytokines. Pretreatment with ramatroban (CRTH2 antagonist) and GW9662 (PPARγ antagonist) did not reduce the production of these cytokines. 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub> activated the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in a time-dependent manner. <i>Conclusion:</i> These data showed that 15d-PGJ<sub>2</sub> is a potent inducer of IL-8 and GM-CSF production through ERK1/2 kinase activation, but this is independent of CRTH2 or PPARγ activation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241133
title: Erratum: Rationale and Design of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Study of Terutroban 30 mg/day versus Aspirin 100 mg/day in Stroke Patients: The Prevention of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Events of Ischemic Origin with Terutroban in Patients with a History of Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (PERFORM) Study

description: <i>Background:</i> Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and a major contributor to neurological disability and dementia. Terutroban is a specific TP receptor antagonist with antithrombotic, antivasoconstrictive, and antiatherosclerotic properties, which may be of interest for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke. This article describes the rationale and design of the Prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular Events of ischemic origin with teRutroban in patients with a history oF ischemic strOke or tRansient ischeMic Attack (PERFORM) Study, which aims to demonstrate the superiority of the efficacy of terutroban versus aspirin in secondary prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. <i>Methods and Results:</i> The PERFORM Study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study being carried out in 802 centers in 46 countries. The study population includes patients aged ≥55 years, having suffered an ischemic stroke (≤3 months) or a transient ischemic attack (≤8 days). Participants are randomly allocated to terutroban (30 mg/day) or aspirin (100 mg/day). The primary efficacy endpoint is a composite of ischemic stroke (fatal or nonfatal), myocardial infarction (fatal or nonfatal), or other vascular death (excluding hemorrhagic death of any origin). Safety is being evaluated by assessing hemorrhagic events. Follow-up is expected to last for 2–4 years. Assuming a relative risk reduction of 13%, the expected number of primary events is 2,340. To obtain statistical power of 90%, this requires inclusion of at least 18,000 patients in this event-driven trial. The first patient was randomized in February 2006. <i>Conclusions:</i> The PERFORM Study will explore the benefits and safety of terutroban in secondary cardiovascular prevention after a cerebral ischemic event.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241127
title: Erratum: Low to Medium WU-Virus Titers in Young Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

description: The WU-virus (WUV), a novel polyomavirus, has recently been recovered from respiratory tract samples. Within a study collective of children with severe lower respiratory tract disease, 3% of the patients tested WUV positive. Viral loads ranged from 5 × 10<sup>2</sup> copies/ml to 1 × 10<sup>4</sup> copies/ml. The WUV genome-positive patients did not display specific clinical or radiological characteristics to be distinguished from other respiratory tract infections.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241133.v1
title: Erratum: Rationale and Design of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Study of Terutroban 30 mg/day versus Aspirin 100 mg/day in Stroke Patients: The Prevention of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Events of Ischemic Origin with Terutroban in Patients with a History of Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack (PERFORM) Study

description: <i>Background:</i> Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and a major contributor to neurological disability and dementia. Terutroban is a specific TP receptor antagonist with antithrombotic, antivasoconstrictive, and antiatherosclerotic properties, which may be of interest for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke. This article describes the rationale and design of the Prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular Events of ischemic origin with teRutroban in patients with a history oF ischemic strOke or tRansient ischeMic Attack (PERFORM) Study, which aims to demonstrate the superiority of the efficacy of terutroban versus aspirin in secondary prevention of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. <i>Methods and Results:</i> The PERFORM Study is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study being carried out in 802 centers in 46 countries. The study population includes patients aged ≥55 years, having suffered an ischemic stroke (≤3 months) or a transient ischemic attack (≤8 days). Participants are randomly allocated to terutroban (30 mg/day) or aspirin (100 mg/day). The primary efficacy endpoint is a composite of ischemic stroke (fatal or nonfatal), myocardial infarction (fatal or nonfatal), or other vascular death (excluding hemorrhagic death of any origin). Safety is being evaluated by assessing hemorrhagic events. Follow-up is expected to last for 2–4 years. Assuming a relative risk reduction of 13%, the expected number of primary events is 2,340. To obtain statistical power of 90%, this requires inclusion of at least 18,000 patients in this event-driven trial. The first patient was randomized in February 2006. <i>Conclusions:</i> The PERFORM Study will explore the benefits and safety of terutroban in secondary cardiovascular prevention after a cerebral ischemic event.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241118
title: Erratum: ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Towards a Standardized Approach to the Diagnosis of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Their Prognostic Stratification

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241121
title: Erratum: Intermittent Explosive Disorder in South Africa: Prevalence, Correlates and the Role of Traumatic Exposures

description: <i>Background:</i> The epidemiology of DSM-IV intermittent explosive disorder (IED) is not well characterized in developing country settings. In South Africa, given the high rates of violence and trauma, there is particular interest in traumatic exposures as potential risk factors for IED. <i>Methods:</i> We examined the prevalence and predictors of IED in a nationally representative sample of 4,351 South African adults. IED and other diagnoses based on DSM-IV criteria were assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). A 28-item scale was constructed to measure exposure to traumatic events. <i>Results:</i> Overall, 2.0% of participants (95% CI: 0–4.9%) fulfilled criteria for the narrow definition of IED, and 9.5% (95% CI: 6.6–12.3%) fulfilled criteria for the broad definition of IED. Individuals with IED experienced high rates of comorbid anxiety, mood and substance use disorders compared to non-IED participants. In multivariate analysis, a diagnosis of IED was associated with Caucasian and mixed-race ethnicity, psychiatric comorbidity and exposure to multiple traumatic events. <i>Conclusion:</i> These data suggest a relatively high prevalence of IED in South Africa. By reducing violence and trauma, and by providing appropriate psychological support to trauma survivors, we may be able to reduce rates of IED.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241124
title: Erratum: Development of the Human Retroperitoneal Fasciae

description: <i>Introduction:</i> Although the renal fascia (RF), ureteral sheath, lateroconal fascia (LF) and hypogastric nerve are critical landmarks for retroperitoneal surgery, their laminar relationships require clarification. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Horizontal sections (hematoxylin-eosin staining) of human fetuses at two different developmental stages [9–12 (3 fetuses, crown-rump length, CRL 40–65 mm) and 20–25 weeks of gestation (9 fetuses, CRL 152–220 mm)] were compared. <i>Results:</i> In the early-stage group, the pararenal space had already formed between the posterior RF and the transversalis fascia (TF). The anterior RF extended along the peritoneum and often fused with the latter. In the late-stage group, the posterior RF extended inferomedially toward the anterior aspect of the aorta and inferior vena cava. However, at the level of the renal hilus, the posterior RF was connected with vascular sheaths of the great vessels. The LF was seen developing as a fasciculation of the multilaminar structure in the pararenal space. However, on the posterolateral side of the colon after retroperitoneal fixation, the fusion fascia of the peritoneum could also be identified as LF. <i>Conclusions:</i> A common sheath for ureters and hypogastric nerves appeared to be likely on the inferior side of the kidney. The LF did not appear to be a primary structure such as the RF, but a result of secondary mechanical stress due to fatty tissue developing earlier along the TF than in the perirenal space. However, the suggested similarity between LF and fusion fascia in the plane occupied was a likely cause for misinterpreting the laminar configurations during surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241115
title: Erratum: Thermoregulation and Vasopressin Secretion during Polymicrobial Sepsis

description: <i>Objective:</i> We investigated the time course of thermoregulation, nitric oxide (NO) formation and hydroelectrolytic alterations, as well as mean arterial pressure and arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, in experimental sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). <i>Methods:</i> Male Wistar rats submitted to CLP or a sham operation were divided into 4 groups, as follows: group 1, for survival rate evaluation for 24 h; group 2, for body temperature (Tb) analysis; group 3, for mean arterial pressure registration, and group 4, for blood collection and processing of the neurohypophysis and hypothalamic nuclei 0, 2, 4, 6 and 24 h after surgery. AVP levels and content were measured in plasma, neurohypophysis and the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. <i>Results:</i> Animals which underwent CLP showed high mortality, a progressive decrease in mean arterial pressure and an increase in plasma NO. Tb dropped during the first 4 h and showed a progressive increase 6 h after surgery. Plasma AVP levels increased immediately after CLP surgery and again at 6 h, before returning to basal levels at 24 h. This was followed by a depletion of neurohypophyseal AVP content at 4 h that continued until 24 h. AVP content in the supraoptic nucleus was elevated 24 h after CLP surgery, while in the paraventricular nucleus, an increase was observed at 6 h and 24 h. <i>Conclusions:</i> In the present study, laparotomy and hypotension may have been responsible for the increase in plasma AVP in the initial phase of polymicrobial sepsis, and this may have contributed to the observed hypothermia. Moreover, an apparently impaired replenishment of AVP content in the neurohypophysis, possibly due to increased NO formation, may explain the impaired AVP secretion in the late phase of severe sepsis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241112
title: Erratum: Skin Substitutes and Wound Healing

description: Medical science has vastly improved on the means and methods available for the treatment of wounds in the clinic. The production and use of various types of skin substitutes has led to dramatic improvements in the odds of survival for severely burned patients, but they have also shown promise for many other applications, including cases involving chronic wounds that are not life threatening. Nowadays, more than 20 products are commercially available, more are undergoing clinical trials and a large number of new models are being investigated in various research laboratories worldwide. Many of the current products do not contain any living cells and vary in their capacity to harness the innate capacity of the body to heal itself. Others include living cells, of allogeneic or autologous origin, and are often referred to as ‘cellular therapy’ or ‘tissue-engineered’ products. Modifications and improvements are currently investigated that aim at improving the healing potential of those products through the use of recombinant growth factors and additional features such as microvascularization. Fundamental research into wound healing and scar-free regeneration raises the hope that we will eventually be able to restore almost completely the appearance and function of skin after the healing of wounds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241115.v1
title: Erratum: Thermoregulation and Vasopressin Secretion during Polymicrobial Sepsis

description: <i>Objective:</i> We investigated the time course of thermoregulation, nitric oxide (NO) formation and hydroelectrolytic alterations, as well as mean arterial pressure and arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, in experimental sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). <i>Methods:</i> Male Wistar rats submitted to CLP or a sham operation were divided into 4 groups, as follows: group 1, for survival rate evaluation for 24 h; group 2, for body temperature (Tb) analysis; group 3, for mean arterial pressure registration, and group 4, for blood collection and processing of the neurohypophysis and hypothalamic nuclei 0, 2, 4, 6 and 24 h after surgery. AVP levels and content were measured in plasma, neurohypophysis and the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. <i>Results:</i> Animals which underwent CLP showed high mortality, a progressive decrease in mean arterial pressure and an increase in plasma NO. Tb dropped during the first 4 h and showed a progressive increase 6 h after surgery. Plasma AVP levels increased immediately after CLP surgery and again at 6 h, before returning to basal levels at 24 h. This was followed by a depletion of neurohypophyseal AVP content at 4 h that continued until 24 h. AVP content in the supraoptic nucleus was elevated 24 h after CLP surgery, while in the paraventricular nucleus, an increase was observed at 6 h and 24 h. <i>Conclusions:</i> In the present study, laparotomy and hypotension may have been responsible for the increase in plasma AVP in the initial phase of polymicrobial sepsis, and this may have contributed to the observed hypothermia. Moreover, an apparently impaired replenishment of AVP content in the neurohypophysis, possibly due to increased NO formation, may explain the impaired AVP secretion in the late phase of severe sepsis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241118.v1
title: Erratum: ENETS Consensus Guidelines for the Standards of Care in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Towards a Standardized Approach to the Diagnosis of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and Their Prognostic Stratification

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241121.v1
title: Erratum: Intermittent Explosive Disorder in South Africa: Prevalence, Correlates and the Role of Traumatic Exposures

description: <i>Background:</i> The epidemiology of DSM-IV intermittent explosive disorder (IED) is not well characterized in developing country settings. In South Africa, given the high rates of violence and trauma, there is particular interest in traumatic exposures as potential risk factors for IED. <i>Methods:</i> We examined the prevalence and predictors of IED in a nationally representative sample of 4,351 South African adults. IED and other diagnoses based on DSM-IV criteria were assessed using the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). A 28-item scale was constructed to measure exposure to traumatic events. <i>Results:</i> Overall, 2.0% of participants (95% CI: 0–4.9%) fulfilled criteria for the narrow definition of IED, and 9.5% (95% CI: 6.6–12.3%) fulfilled criteria for the broad definition of IED. Individuals with IED experienced high rates of comorbid anxiety, mood and substance use disorders compared to non-IED participants. In multivariate analysis, a diagnosis of IED was associated with Caucasian and mixed-race ethnicity, psychiatric comorbidity and exposure to multiple traumatic events. <i>Conclusion:</i> These data suggest a relatively high prevalence of IED in South Africa. By reducing violence and trauma, and by providing appropriate psychological support to trauma survivors, we may be able to reduce rates of IED.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241124.v1
title: Erratum: Development of the Human Retroperitoneal Fasciae

description: <i>Introduction:</i> Although the renal fascia (RF), ureteral sheath, lateroconal fascia (LF) and hypogastric nerve are critical landmarks for retroperitoneal surgery, their laminar relationships require clarification. <i>Materials and Methods:</i> Horizontal sections (hematoxylin-eosin staining) of human fetuses at two different developmental stages [9–12 (3 fetuses, crown-rump length, CRL 40–65 mm) and 20–25 weeks of gestation (9 fetuses, CRL 152–220 mm)] were compared. <i>Results:</i> In the early-stage group, the pararenal space had already formed between the posterior RF and the transversalis fascia (TF). The anterior RF extended along the peritoneum and often fused with the latter. In the late-stage group, the posterior RF extended inferomedially toward the anterior aspect of the aorta and inferior vena cava. However, at the level of the renal hilus, the posterior RF was connected with vascular sheaths of the great vessels. The LF was seen developing as a fasciculation of the multilaminar structure in the pararenal space. However, on the posterolateral side of the colon after retroperitoneal fixation, the fusion fascia of the peritoneum could also be identified as LF. <i>Conclusions:</i> A common sheath for ureters and hypogastric nerves appeared to be likely on the inferior side of the kidney. The LF did not appear to be a primary structure such as the RF, but a result of secondary mechanical stress due to fatty tissue developing earlier along the TF than in the perirenal space. However, the suggested similarity between LF and fusion fascia in the plane occupied was a likely cause for misinterpreting the laminar configurations during surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241100
title: Erratum: Prevalence of Dementia in the United States: The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study

description: <i>Aim:</i> To estimate the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other dementias in the USA using a nationally representative sample. <i>Methods:</i> The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study sample was composed of 856 individuals aged 71 years and older from the nationally representative Health and Retirement Study (HRS) who were evaluated for dementia using a comprehensive in-home assessment. An expert consensus panel used this information to assign a diagnosis of normal cognition, cognitive impairment but not demented, or dementia (and dementia subtype). Using sampling weights derived from the HRS, we estimated the national prevalence of dementia, AD and vascular dementia by age and gender. <i>Results:</i> The prevalence of dementia among individuals aged 71 and older was 13.9%, comprising about 3.4 million individuals in the USA in 2002. The corresponding values for AD were 9.7% and 2.4 million individuals. Dementia prevalence increased with age, from 5.0% of those aged 71–79 years to 37.4% of those aged 90 and older. <i>Conclusions:</i> Dementia prevalence estimates from this first nationally representative population-based study of dementia in the USA to include subjects from all regions of the country can provide essential information for effective planning for the impending healthcare needs of the large and increasing number of individuals at risk for dementia as our population ages.