cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.973422
title: Water column raw data (Kongsberg EM 122 entire dataset) of RV MARIA S. MERIAN during cruise MSM130

description: Raw water column data were collected aboard RV MARIA S. MERIAN during cruise MSM130 POLAR BEAST using a Kongsberg 12kHz EM 122 multibeam echosounder with 2°x2° beam width. The expedition took place during 2024-07-09 - 2024-08-14 from Reykjavik to Reykjavik (Iceland) in the Northern Atlantic. Data were recorded in the EEZs of Greenland, Iceland and outside. The main objective of the MSM130 POLAR BEAST cruise are achieved through observations and modelling, and are: (i) to investigate the role of Arctic sea ice loss as a driver of global change, (ii) to quantify chemical and physical processes at the ice- ocean-atmosphere interface that may constitute poorly-characterised climatic feedbacks in the Earth system. Sound velocity profiles (SVP) were applied on the data for calibration. Please see environmental data and the cruise report for details. The data are unprocessed and can therefore contain incorrect depth measurements (artifacts) if not further processed. Note that refraction errors may occur when no proper SVP is applied. Data acquisition was done by GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research with funding for cruise logistics through the DFG (German Research Alliance). Provision of the data is supported by the DAM Underway Project and published according to the FAIR principles.
description: These data should not be used for navigational purposes or exploitation.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.973614
title: Basic measurements of radiation at station Langley Research Center (2024-10)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.938633
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2018-09)

description: Version 2, 2021-11-24, with some erroneous values removed/corrected.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.938634
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2018-10)

description: Version 2, 2021-11-24, with some erroneous values removed/corrected.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.938632
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2018-08)

description: Version 2, 2021-11-24, with some erroneous values removed/corrected.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.892059
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2016-06)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.859465
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2014-03)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672933
title: Basic measurements of radiation at station Syowa (1997-10)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672979
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2001-08)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.695791
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2004-12)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672966
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2000-07)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.892071
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2016-10)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.949957
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2022-04), Version 1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.702515
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2004-01)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.949963
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2022-06), Version 1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.949966
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2022-07), Version 1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.950374
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and larval and early juvenile survival, molt-stage duration, and morphology of king crab

description: Coastal habitats are experiencing decreases in seawater pH and increases in temperature due to anthropogenic climate change. The Caribbean king crab, Maguimithrax spinosissimus, plays a vital role on Western Atlantic reefs by grazing macroalgae that competes for space with coral recruits. Therefore, identifying its tolerance to anthropogenic stressors is critically needed if this species is to be considered as a potential restoration management strategy in coral reef environments. We examined the effects of temperature (control: 28 °C and elevated: 31 °C) and pH (control: 8.0 and reduced pH: 7.7) on the king crab's larval and early juvenile survival, molt-stage duration, and morphology in a fully crossed laboratory experiment. Survival to the megalopal stage was reduced (13.5% lower) in the combined reduced pH and elevated temperature treatment relative to the control. First-stage (J1) juveniles delayed molting by 1.5 days in the reduced pH treatment, while second-stage (J2) crabs molted 3 days earlier when exposed to elevated temperature. Juvenile morphology did not differ among treatments. These results suggests that juvenile king crabs are tolerant to changes associated with climate change. Given the important role of the king crab as a grazer of macroalgae, its tolerance to climate stressors suggests that it could benefit restoration efforts aimed at making coral reefs more resilient to increasingly warm and acidic oceans into the future.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2021) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2022-11-03.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.741878
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2009-02)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.940199
title: Snowpit snow water equivalent collected with an ETH tube during the MOSAiC expedition

description: SWE is the amount of water contained within the snowpack. To determine SWE, the snow depth and density are required. Snow depth (HS) is related to SWE by the local bulk density of snow (ρb): SWE = HS ρb / ρw, where HS is measured in mm, ρb in kg m−3, ρw is the density of water (1000 kg m−3), and SWE is measured in mm of water equivalent. At each snowpit, the ETH-SWE tube, was inserted into the snow vertically and then sealed at the bottom. The weight of the snow inside the cylindrical tube was then measured with a spring scale. If the snow cover is deeper than 0.45 m (height of the tube), then the SWE must be measured in several steps, using a ruler to note the snow height that the sample was taken from. The total water equivalent of the snow cover must be calculated as the sum of the vertically aligned samples. This dataset records the individual sample measurements, explaining why there may be multiple data entries for one snowpit event. We also measured the height of snow in each measurement, so we can back-calculate the snow density using an independent method.Please direct inquiries to; David Wagner (PS122/1), Martin Schneebeli (PS122/2), Amy Macfarlane (PS122/3 and PS122/4), Ruzica Dadic (PS122/5).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935932
title: Snowpit multi-image photogrammetry images collected during the MOSAiC expedition

description: The small-scale surface roughness is important for scattering of shortwave visible and higher-frequency microwave radiation. A standard digital camera (Olympus tough TG-5) and a set of reference targets were used to take sets of images that can be processed using multi-image photogrammetry into high-resolution small-scale digital elevation models (DEMs). The DEMs can be used to estimate roughness of the snow surface and of the snow-ice interface. The reference targets were distributed around a small ( ~ 0.6 m x 0.6 m) area, and pictures were taken from different angles, including all targets in each image, and ideally overlapping by at least 80%. Pictures were always taken with the maximum wide-angle of the camera. During polar night, a headlamp was taken to illuminate the scene before pictures were taken. Image sets of the surface were taken before the snowpit was excavated. Image sets of the snow-ice interface were taken after the detailed snowpit measurements, and the remaining snow was brushed off the ice surface using a brush.Please direct inquiries to; David Wagner (PS122/1), Martin Schneebeli (PS122/2), Amy Macfarlane (PS122/3 and PS122/4), Ruzica Dadic (PS122/5).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.940056
title: Snowpit overview photos collected during the MOSAiC expedition

description: Overview photos were taken when arriving at the snowpit site of interest and before the snowpit was excavated. A standard digital camera (Olympus tough TG-5) was used to document the surface conditions and environment for each snowpit event. These images should be used to understand surroundings of the snowpit and conditions on the day of measurements. During winter months the measurement area of a snowpit was indicated using two orange flags. However, a transect snowpit event and snowpits during the summer seasons will not have this marking.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.938635
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2018-11)

description: Version 2, 2021-11-24, with some erroneous values removed/corrected.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.940200
title: Snowpit temperature profiles measured during the MOSAiC expedition

description: The snow temperature was measured using a waterproof thermometer with a needle probe. A ruler was used to determine the measuring height. 0 cm indicates the snow-ice interface. The measurements included the surface and the snow-ice interface temperature. Additional temperature measurements were taken at 5 cm intervals. Please direct inquiries to; David Wagner (PS122/1), Martin Schneebeli (PS122/2), Amy Macfarlane (PS122/3 and PS122/4), Ruzica Dadic (PS122/5).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.938636
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2018-12)

description: Version 2, 2021-11-24, with some erroneous values removed/corrected.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.702531
title: Basic measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2005-04)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672945
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (1998-10)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672970
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2000-11)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.702533
title: Basic measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2005-05)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.738166
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2006-06)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.892046
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2016-03)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672988
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2002-05)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.940198
title: Snowpit surface type observed during the MOSAiC expedition

description: For the majority of snowpits the snow surface type was recorded by the observer. The documented surface types include; new snow, rime, surface hoar, glazed, drifted snow, wet, visible dust, frost flowers, surface crust, surface scattering layer, jewel snow, frozen. Please direct inquiries to; David Wagner (PS122/1), Martin Schneebeli (PS122/2), Amy Macfarlane (PS122/3 and PS122/4), Ruzica Dadic (PS122/5).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.928495
title: Upwelling and downwelling visible radiation measurements of the autonomous ice-tethered OptiCAL 'ee' buoy deployed during MOSAiC in the Sea Ice Ridge Observatory area

description: Three ice-tethered / floating systems measuring sub - sea-ice Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR) were deployed within the MOSAiC ice camp from February 2020, and recorded hourly data through to later summer 2020. These Optical Chain And Logger (OptiCAL) systems capture PAR-like data at 12 logarithmically-spaced levels down to 50 m depth, and, along with positional data, transmit these data hourly via Iridium. The PAR sensors have a wide dynamic range, able to detect PAR from 5x10⁻⁵ µMol s⁻¹ m⁻² to 100 µMol s⁻¹ m⁻² and thereby graph a wide range of light behaviour from winter to summer and from surface to depth. Sampling at the 12 levels is accomplished by resin-containment 'nodes' located along a power and communication cable that hangs vertically from the underside of the surface spar-buoy. The nodes are at nominal depths of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 14, 21, 32, and 50m. Each node has six 'PAR' sensors, three detecting downwelling light and three upwelling light. Two of each set of three sensor sets have simple optical filters: one transmitting 'orange' the other 'blue'. The third sensor, being unfiltered, is 'white'. PAR data are archived in a CSV file as 'counts' from the sensors, and are in units of millihertz (mHz). The detail of the CSV format is provided in this directory (see "OptiCAL 'ee' buoy: Detail of the CSV format" under Documentation), but to convert from mHz to the expected SI unit of µMol s⁻¹ m⁻² requires a conversion function. Details of this conversion are provided in this directory (see "OptiCAL 'ee' buoy: Data description" under Documentation). The 'ee' unit was deployed in level ice by the Sea Ice Ridge Observatory in the MOSAiC Central Observatory. Its drift started at N 88.0312885, E 80.2587416, on 14th Feb 2020 and last data transmission was on the 2nd July 2020 due to battery power being exhausted. Intended recovery was not possible before positional data were lost. A field deployment report is included (see "OptiCAL 'ee' buoy: Field deployment report" under Documentation).This instrument was deployed as part of the project Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean (HAVOC), funded by the Research Council of Norway, project number: 280292 and Arctic Ocean ecosystems - Applied technology, Biological interactions and Consequences in an era of abrupt climate change (Arctic ABC Development, Research Council of Norway, project number: 245923). Ship-time associated to the participation of the DEARice team (D. Divine on leg 2) on the MOSAiC Expedition has been supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 730965 (ARICE).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.955045
title: Upwelling and downwelling visible radiation measurements of the autonomous ice-tethered OptiCAL 'hh' buoy deployed during MOSAiC in the Dark site Second Year Ice

description: Three ice-tethered / floating systems measuring sub - sea-ice Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR) were deployed within the MOSAiC ice camp from February 2020, and recorded hourly data through to later summer 2020. These Optical Chain And Logger (OptiCAL) systems capture PAR-like data at 12 logarithmically-spaced levels down to 50 m depth, and, along with positional data, transmit these data hourly via Iridium. The PAR sensors have a wide dynamic range, able to detect PAR from 5x10⁻⁵ µMol s⁻¹ m⁻² to 100 µMol s⁻¹ m⁻² and thereby graph a wide range of light behaviour from winter to summer and from surface to depth. Sampling at the 12 levels is accomplished by resin-containment 'nodes' located along a power and communication cable that hangs vertically from the underside of the surface spar-buoy. The nodes are at nominal depths of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 14, 21, 32, and 50m. Each node has six 'PAR' sensors, three detecting downwelling light and three upwelling light. Two of each set of three sensor sets have simple optical filters: one transmitting 'orange' the other 'blue'. The third sensor, being unfiltered, is 'white'. PAR data are archived in CSV files as 'counts' from the sensors, and are in units of millihertz (mHz). The detail of the CSV format is provided in this directory (see OptiCAL 'hh' buoy: Detail of the CSV format under Documentation), but to convert from mHz to the expected SI unit of µMol s⁻¹ m⁻² requires a conversion function. Details of this conversion are provided in this directory (see OptiCAL 'hh' buoy: Data description under Documentation). The 'hh' unit was deployed in the Dark site Second Year Ice, next to ITBOB and Salt/Light Harps. Its drift started at N 88.0651900, E 79.20462533 on 16th Feb 2020 and last data transmission was on 9th August at 13:00 UTC due to battery power being exhausted. Intended recovery was not possible before positional data were lost.This instrument was deployed as part of the project Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean (HAVOC), funded by the Research Council of Norway, project number: 280292 and Arctic Ocean ecosystems - Applied technology, Biological interactions and Consequences in an era of abrupt climate change (Arctic ABC Development, Research Council of Norway, project number: 245923). Ship-time associated to the participation of the DEARice team (D. Divine on leg 2) on the MOSAiC Expedition has been supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 730965 (ARICE).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.940106
title: Snowpit metadata TXT files collected during the MOSAiC expedition

description: The metadata txt files can be used to obtain a quick overview of one snowpit event. They give details on date of the event, location of the snowpit, start time, GPS file name taken at the snowpit location, snow depth, weather during the event, participants conducting the measurements, instruments included in the measurements and chemical samples collected. Please direct inquiries to; David Wagner (PS122/1), Martin Schneebeli (PS122/2), Amy Macfarlane (PS122/3 and PS122/4), Ruzica Dadic (PS122/5).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672944
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (1998-09)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.754661
title: Basic measurements of radiation at station Syowa (1994-03)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.927829
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2020-12)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.943746
title: Ridge ice oxygen and hydrogen isotope data MOSAiC Leg 4 (PS122/4)

description: Oxygen (dO18) and hydrogen (dH) isotope ratio data from sea ice samples taken during MOSAiC leg 4 (PS122/4). Sea ice samples were taken from Jaride and Alli's Ridge. Sea ice cores were extracted f 139 rom the ridges using a 9 cm inner diameter ice corer (Kovacs Enterprise Mark II coring system) powered by a cordless electric drill. Salinity/isotope ice cores were stored in sterile U-Lines bags (sections &lt; 1 m), immediately placed in Styrofoam boxes and transported back to the ship within 2 hours of sampling. Ice cores were stored in a -20°C walk-in freezer until processing. The ice cores were cut into ~5 cm sections using a stainless steel, electric butcher band saw. To ensure we captured potential transition zones within the sea ice (i.e., rapid transitions in salinity), we only cut to the top or bottom of natural breaks in the ice cores (i.e., some sections were thicker or thinner than 5 cm but all in the range of 2-7 cm). The samples were placed in plastic cups with lids and melted at room temperature. Once completely melted, ~20 ml sub-samples were poured into 20 ml glass or plastic vials with lids and sealed with parafilm tape for isotope analyses. These samples were stored at +4°C. After the sub-samples were taken, bulk salinity was measured on the remaining water sample using a calibrated YSI 30 conductivity meter (practical salinity scale, unitless).The stable oxygen isotopic compositions of the melted ice samples (δ18O) were determined in the central laboratory of the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape, Birmensdorf, Switzerland with an Isotopic Water Analyzer IWA-45-ER (ABB - Los Gatos Research Inc., US). Measurement uncertainty for δ18O is ±1‰, the precision ± 0.5‰. All samples were measured in duplicate and averaged. 169 The quality control was conducted with three standards for δ18O at 0.00‰, -12.34‰ and -55.50‰ and are presented as per mil difference relative to VSMOW (‰, Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.950192
title: Drill-hole ridge ice and snow thickness and draft measurements during MOSAiC 2019/20

description: Snow and first-year sea ice ridge thickness, draft, and morphology were measured using a 2-inch ice drilling auger (Kovacs Enterprises) during walking surveys on the first-year ice ridge during the MOSAiC expedition. Drilling was performed during January, February, and July 2020 across three drilling transects located 50 m from each other. The total covered area was approximately 100 m by 35 m. The investigated “Alli's Ridge” was formed on 7-9.01.2020 between second-year ice, 0.9-1.0 m thick first-year ice, and lead ice mainly from lead ice of 0.2-0.4 m thick blocks. The ridge was located on drifting sea ice in the Arctic Ocean within the Central Observatory of MOSAiC.The table contains the event label (1), event ID (2), time (3) and global coordinates (4,5) of each drilling measurement. Each separate drilling hole has its number (6), and local coordinates X (7) and Y (8) in [m], given relatively to the point with the highest freeboard with (0,0) local coordinates. Global coordinates are given for the local coordinates of (7.5,0). For each drill hole, the depth relative to the waterline of the top (9) and bottom (10) interface of each separate layer is given together with its ice type (11). Ice types include very snow, very soft ice, softer ice, soft ice, ice, hard ice, and water. Drill hole with local coordinates of (7.5,0) coincides with the ice mass balance buoy SIMBA 2020T61 installation described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.926580. Drill hole with local coordinates of (2.5,10) coincides with the salinity/isotope ice core described in doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.943746.Drilling_map.jpg is giving an image with an overview of all drill holes and their location in the local coordinate system with a contour plot of the keel depth equal to the maximum ice draft.
description: These measurements were performed as part of the project Ridges - Safe HAVens for ice-associated Flora and Fauna in a Seasonally ice-covered Arctic OCean (HAVOC), funded by the Research Council of Norway, project number: 280292.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.672940
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (1998-05)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.946807
title: Snowpit salinity profiles during the MOSAiC expedition

description: In the designated snowpits, 100cm3 of snow was collected in the field, melted and measured for salinity in the laboratory on board Polarstern. Salinity of the melted snow samples was measured using the YSI 30 Salinity, Conductivity and Temperature sensor. The transport containers, as well as the YSI tip, were cleaned using milli-Q water. Salinity profiles were measured at the same intervals as density and stable isotope profiles.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.952556
title: Snowpit stable isotope profiles during the MOSAiC expedition

description: In the designated snowpits on the MOSAic expedition a 100cm3 sample of snow was measured for density in the field, approximately every 3 vertical centimetres. The same snow volume was melted for salinity measurements and sealed into glass jars onboard Polarstern. As a result, δ18O and δ2H isotope composition was measured at the same intervals as density and salinity profiles, included in the snowpit dataset bundle. These samples were then transported to the WSL laboratory in Switzerland to analyse the stable water isotopes (δ18O and δ2H). This dataset provides details on the date and coordinates of the snowpit event, the height of the sample in the snow profile, and the corresponding isotope composition. This dataset includes the isotopic composition of the samples obtained in the winter months (October 2019 to May 2020). After analysis of the samples, and comparing the values to a parallel dataset (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.948511), it was identified that our samples needed to be corrected due to evaporative fractionation during sample storage. The corrected values are included in this published dataset and we recommend that future studies using this dataset use these corrected values only. The correction was done by calculating the mean of this dataset to the mean of the parallel dataset and correcting for the difference. As a result, the δ18O was corrected by -6.4‰, the δ2H was corrected by -36.4‰. The new values are located in the columns 'δ18O H2O [‰ SMOW] (Corrected)' and 'δD H2O [‰ SMOW] (Corrected)'. We would like to emphasise that calculations of d-excess values for this dataset need interpreting carefully.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.931457
title: Basic and other measurements of radiation at station Syowa (2021-01)