cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.05qfttf3p
title: Midden site selection in Dorcas gazelle

description: Dorcas gazelles are believed to use middens to mark their territories and
 transmit information. Given the commitment to maintaining a midden, it is
 believed that middens are not placed randomly. We examined how the habitat
 (tree height and maximum canopy) and anthropogenic disturbance (camel and
 human presence) influenced the selection of midden sites by Dorcas
 gazelles in South Sinai, Egypt. Our results showed that Dorcas gazelles
 did not place middens at larger trees, while favoring relatively smaller
 trees and shrubs where the anthropogenic disturbance and perceived hunting
 risk is less. Our results, in light of the previous findings, suggest that
 selection of midden sites is species-context-dependent behavior. In areas
 with less anthropogenic disturbance and hunting, Dorcas gazelles have been
 shown to select the largest trees of the same species as midden sites. In
 contract, in our study site with high anthropogenic disturbance and no
 protection from hunting, gazelles did not utilize the presumably optimum
 landmarks for midden sites. Our study showed that Dorcas gazelles
 instead utilized smaller trees and some shrubs that are less conspicuous
 and presumably less effective as advertisement sites, but safer.
description: We delineated boundaries for the nine Acacia groves
 available in the study area. We randomly selected 30 points to survey
 among the nine patches (minimum 2 points/grove according to grove size).
 One out of these 30 points was excluded from our survey because it was
 located on the slope of a mountain. For each point, we surveyed all the
 trees and shrubs within a 100 m radius of the point. We then collected the
 following data for each point: date, tree and shrub species, maximum tree
 height (measured with a clinometer), and the maximum tree canopy diameter.
 If a midden was located, then we also recorded the same attributes for the
 nearest tree, even if it was located outside the 100 m radius. We also
 recorded the presence of camels, and humans within a 10 m radius from the
 base of a tree. A midden was defined as an accumulation of gazelle fecal
 pellets that covered an area of ≥50 cm<sup>2</sup>. We
 considered only middens with relatively fresh deposited (i.e., black or
 dark brown) fecal pellets. Camel's presence was determined through
 the presence of tracks or fecal pellets. Humans were considered present if
 there were footprints, remains of campfires, or vehicle tracks. The survey
 and data collection were conducted between May 27, 2012 – June 1,
 2013.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c59zw3r81
title: Data from: Invasive hybridization has variable effects on survival among salmonid populations

description: Human-mediated hybridization threatens global biodiversity, but the
 fitness consequences of hybridization are poorly understood, especially in
 vertebrates. We used capture-recapture data from 5,249 individuals in
 three hybridizing populations of invasive rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus
 mykiss) and native cutthroat trout (O. clarkii) to quantify the effects of
 rainbow trout genetic admixture and environmental conditions on survival.
 Seasonal variation in environmental conditions interacted with individual
 admixture to influence seasonal survival. Overall, annual survival
 declined with admixture at the warmest site (juvenile hybrids with 25%
 non-native ancestry had 20.7% lower annual survival than non-hybridized
 cutthroat trout) but increased with admixture at the coldest site
 (juvenile hybrids with 25% non-native ancestry had 19.7% higher survival
 than non-hybridized cutthroat trout), providing evidence that fitness
 effects of hybridization vary in a context-dependent manner. Furthermore,
 higher survival for hybrids in cold streams and lower survival in warm
 streams is opposite of admixture-environment correlations, demonstrating
 that environmental gradients often used to infer patterns of hybridization
 may poorly predict variation in fitness across the landscape.
 Individual-based studies measuring fitness-related traits in vertebrate
 taxon are rare. Most studies of human-mediated hybridization in wild
 populations quantify the spatial extent of non-native admixture or test
 for admixture-environment associations to infer factors affecting fitness
 in hybridizing populations. We used an extensive capture-recapture dataset
 to measure seasonal survival in hybridized populations that experience
 different environmental conditions. Our work shows that non-native
 admixture can affect survival differently among seasons and populations,
 and that inferences from individual-based studies can conflict with those
 from admixture-environment associations. For studies of non-native
 hybridization, this work highlights the importance of directly measuring
 fitness (survival and reproductive success), and at appropriate spatial
 and temporal scales to elucidate the variation in fitness differences
 (i.e., among populations and seasons).
description: Capture-recapture data were collected via backpack electrofishing
 and Mobile PIT surveys in July and October of each year. Migration was
 detected via migratory fish traps and fixed PIT antenna at the mouth of
 each creek. The environmental data were collected with HOBO dataloggers
 and multipass depletion estimates. See Strait et al. submitted for
 detailed methods.
description: The attached file contains all the information necessary to run
 the multstate models presented in Strait et al.
 <i>submitted</i>. The file is organized to run as as RStudio
 project. The file contains a README file that explains the structure,
 data, r scripts, jags models, and results, including definitions of data
 columns.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fxpnvx0sh
title: Data from: Larval dispersal and fishing pressure influence recruitment in a coral reef fishery

description: Understanding larval connectivity patterns in exploited fishes is a
 fundamental prerequisite for developing effective management strategies
 and assessing the vulnerability of a fishery to recruitment overfishing
 and localised extinction. To date however, researchers have not considered
 how regional variations in fishing pressure also influence recruitment. We
 used genetic parentage analyses and modelling to infer the dispersal
 patterns of bumphead parrotfish (Bolbometopon muricatum) larvae in the Kia
 fishing grounds, Isabel Province, Solomon Islands. We then extrapolated
 our Kia dispersal model to a regional scale by mapping the available
 nursery and adult habitat for B. muricatum in six regions in the western
 Solomon Islands, and estimated the relative abundance of adult B.
 muricatum populations in each of these regions based on available adult
 habitat and historical and current fishing pressure. Parentage analysis
 identified 67 juveniles that were the offspring of parents sampled in the
 Kia fishing grounds. A fitted larval dispersal kernel predicted that 50%
 of larvae settled within 30 km of their parents, and 95% settled within 85
 km of their parents. After accounting for unsampled adults, our model
 predicted that 34% of recruitment to the Kia fishery was spawned locally.
 Extrapolating the spatial resolution of the model revealed that a high
 proportion of the larvae recruiting into the Kia fishing grounds came from
 nearby regions that had abundant adult populations. Other islands in the
 archipelago provided few recruits to the Kia fishing grounds, reflecting
 the greater distances to these islands and lower adult abundances in some
 regions. Synthesis and applications: This study shows how recruitment into
 a commercial reef fishery is influenced by larval dispersal patterns and
 regional variations in historical fishing pressure. The scales of larval
 connectivity observed for B. muricatum indicate that recruitment
 overfishing is unlikely if there are lightly exploited reefs up to 85 km
 away from a heavily fished region, and that small marine protected areas
 (MPAs) are insufficient to protect this species. We recommend greater
 efforts to understand the interactions between larval dispersal and
 gradients of fishing pressure, as this will enable the development of
 tailored fisheries management strategies.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cnp5hqc5d
title: Sex-specific splicing of Z- and W-borne nr5a1 alleles suggests sex determination is controlled by chromosome conformation

description: Pogona vitticeps has female heterogamety (ZZ/ZW) but the master sex
 determining gene is unknown, as is the case for all reptiles. We show that
 nr5a1, a gene that is essential in mammalian sex determination, has
 alleles on the Z and W chromosomes (Z-nr5a1 and W-nr5a1), which are both
 expressed and can recombine. Three transcript isoforms of Z-nr5a1 were
 detected in gonads of adult ZZ males, two of which encode a functional
 protein. However, ZW females produced sixteen isoforms, most of which
 contained premature stop codons. The array of transcripts produced by the
 W-borne allele (W-nr5a1) is likely to produce truncated polypeptides that
 could act as a competitive inhibitor to the full-length intact protein. We
 hypothesize that an altered configuration of the W chromosomes affects the
 conformation of the primary transcript generating inhibitory W-borne
 isoforms that suppress testis determination. Under this hypothesis, the
 GSD system of P. vitticeps is a W-borne dominant female-determiner that
 may be controlled epigenetically.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.np5hqbztp
title: Hedyotis pubirachis (Rubiaceae), a new species from Guangdong, China

description: A new species of Hedyotis pubirachis is described from Guangdong province,
 China. It resembles H. caudatifolia in subshrub habit, lanceolate leaf
 blade and terminal inflorescence, but differs from the latter by its
 thyrsoid inflorescence with monochasial subaxes, broadly triangular calyx
 lobes and pubescent inflorescence rachises and capsules. Phylogenetically,
 Hedyotis pubirachis is close to H. effusa but they can be distinguished in
 the indument of the inflorescence and capsules and the length of pedicels.
 Pollen size dimorphism was also observed in the heterostylous flowers of
 the new species. The new species is provisionally assessed as Least
 Concern (LC), according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h70rxwdk7
title: Data-Linking remote sensing data to the estimation of pollination services in agroecosystems

description: Wild bees are key providers of pollination services in agroecosystems. The
 abundance of these pollinators, and the service they provide, relies on
 the availability of supporting resources in the landscape. Because of
 this, spatially explicit models have been developed to quantify wild bee
 abundance and pollination services in food crops, while accounting for the
 influence of locally available foraging and nesting resources. However,
 model implementation is limited by the availability of land cover maps and
 experts on pollinators capable of establishing the quality of local
 habitats for pollinators. In this study, we present how remote sensing
 data can be linked to the estimation of wild bee abundance, and act as an
 alternative to the conventional use of land cover maps and local expertise
 in spatially explicit models estimating pollination services. For this, we
 used landscape characteristics derived from remote sensors to qualify
 nesting resources in the landscape and thereafter estimate the delivery of
 pollination services by mining bees (Andrena spp.) in 30 fruit orchards
 located in the Flemish region of Belgium. Mining bees were selected for
 this study for their major role as local pollinators and underground
 nesting habits. Estimated pollination services were compared with those
 derived from conventional qualifications of nesting resources and showed
 no significant differences (P=0.68) in the amount of explained variation
 in activity of mining bees on the studied orchards. Estimates derived from
 remote sensing data and conventional inputs explaining 69% and 72% of the
 total variation, respectively. These results confirmed that remote sensing
 data can deliver nesting suitability characterizations suitable for the
 estimation of pollination services, This research also illustrates the
 relevance of nesting resources and highlights the importance of
 considering soil resources in the estimation of pollination services
 provided by pollinators like mining bees. Our results support the
 development of holistic agro-environmental policies that rely on the use
 of modern tools like remote sensors and promote pollinators by considering
 nesting resources.
description: Data was collected in 30 fruit orchards (<em>Malus
 domestica</em>, n=15 and <em>Prunus avium</em>, n=15) in
 the Flemish region of Belgium. Pollinators were surveyed on each
 orchard during peak crop bloom (April 10th-20th) in 2019, for 1h by two
 samplers with nets. Each sampler followed a between-row transect that
 started on opposite sides of the orchard. Surveys were done only from
 11h00 until 17h00 with environmental temperatures ranging between 12-24°C
 and clear skies. Sampled pollinators and collected data were
 processed in the laboratory of agrozoology at the faculty of Bioscience
 Engineering in Ghent University.
description: For privacy reasons, the coordinates of each surveyed field have
 not been provided.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gqnk98snv
title: Effect of planting density on growth characteristics and grain yield increase in successive cultivations of two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

description: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) re-cultivation plays an important role in
 increasing land productivity and efficiency in crop rotation. Planting
 density (PD) is an important agronomic factor to achieving maximum grain
 yield (GY). The current study aimed to determine the best PD for the first
 cultivation and re-cultivation of rice. The experiment was conducted as a
 split plot based on the randomized complete block design with three
 replications at Ghaemshahr University, Mazandaran (northern Iran) from
 2013 to 2014. Treatments consisted of cultivar, i.e. Tarom Hashemi and
 Koohsar, at two levels as the main factor and PDs at the three levels of
 16, 25, and 33.3 hills m-2 with planting spaces of 25 × 25, 20 × 20, and
 30 × 10 cm2, respectively, as the sub factor. The results of the current
 study showed that cultivar for the first cultivation, and year for the
 re-cultivation had a significant effect on GY. PD had a significant effect
 on GY in both first cultivation and re-cultivation. The GY of Hashemi in
 the first cultivation (36.1%) and re-cultivation (18.5%) was higher than
 that of Koohsar. GY in the first cultivation and re-cultivation had an
 increasing trend; PD increased up to 33.3 hills m-2 as 19.9% and 21.4% in
 the first cultivation and re-cultivation, respectively, due to the
 increase in number of panicles m-2 (30.1% and 30.6%, respectively).
 Hashemi is suitable for the first cultivation. It is noteworthy, also,
 that a density of 33.3 hills m-2 is recommended for the first cultivation
 and re-cultivation.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9zw3r22fw
title: Data for: The formation of “mega‐flocks” depends on vegetation structure in montane coniferous forests of Taiwan

description: A mixed-species bird flock is a social assemblage where two or more bird
 species are moving together while foraging and might benefit from
 increased foraging efficiency and antipredator vigilance. A “mega-flock,”
 which includes flocking species from different vegetation layers, often
 exhibits high species diversity. Mechanisms for the formation of
 mega-flocks have not yet been explored. In this study, we evaluated the
 influence of vegetation structure and bird species diversity/richness in
 driving the occurrence of mega-flocks. We investigated the composition of
 mixed-species flocks, local bird communities, and vegetation structure in
 five vegetation types of two high-elevation sites in central Taiwan. (For
 more details, please see the paper which has been published in Ecology and
 Evolution, entitled "The formation of "mega-flocks" depends
 on vegetation structure in montane coniferous forests of Taiwan."
 Doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8608)
description: Methods and dataset collected, for more details, please see the
 paper which has been published in Ecology and Evolution, entitled
 "The formation of "mega-flocks" depends on vegetation
 structure in montane coniferous forests of Taiwan." Doi:
 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8608
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.w0vt4b8sb
title: Nest-boxes alter the reproductive ecology of urban cavity-nesters in a species-dependent way

description: Human-provided nesting shelters such as nest-boxes mitigate the shortage
 of natural breeding sites. Since artificial nests are not where animals
 evolved and optimised their reproductive performance, it remains
 inconclusive if these are adequate substitutes, ensuring equivalent
 fitness returns while breeding. In particular, most knowledge on the
 ecology of cavity-nesting birds comes from nest-box populations, but no
 study has directly compared fitness consequences of breeding inside
 nest-boxes in relation to natural cavities in cities. We directly compare
 the reproductive performance, life-history trait variation and fitness
 consequences for two small passerines, blue and great tits, breeding in
 nest-boxes as opposed to natural cavities in an urban deciduous forest. We
 use a quasi-experimental setting to comprehend the conservation potential
 of these artificial cavities and to support/question generalisations
 stemming from nest-box studies. We show that the effects of cavity type
 vary between species: in blue tits, fitness proxies were negatively
 affected by nest-boxes (lower fledging success and fledgling numbers,
 longer time spent in the nest and later fledging date relative to natural
 cavities), while in great tits, the fitness proxies were unaffected by
 cavity type. Importantly, we detected accelerated incubation in both
 species breeding in nest-boxes. No differences in pre-hatching traits (lay
 date, clutch size, hatching rates) between cavity types suggest that the
 fitness deterioration occurred because of post-hatching effects. We
 highlight the ecological importance of old-growth tree stands, providing
 natural cavities for city-breeding animals and the need for quantifying
 alterations of reproductive ecology in other taxa using human-provided
 nests. Due to the detected cavity type-dependent variation in reproductive
 performance, we support the criticism regarding the unconditional
 extrapolation of evolutionary and ecological interpretations of nest-box
 studies to general populations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.47d7wm3dt
title: Influence of COVID‑19 on the prognosis and medication compliance of glaucoma patients in the Nile Delta Region

description: Purpose: To assess the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the
 medication adherence and follow-up of glaucoma patients in the Nile Delta
 Region. Patients and Methods: Study design: An observational
 cross-sectional study Study setting: Nile Delta Region, Egypt
 Patients' records (2019-2020; group A) and (2020-2021; group B) were
 assessed for missed follow-up visits, medication adherence, number of
 trabeulectomies performed, and number of uncontrolled patients. In
 addition, a telephone-based questionnaire involving randomly chosen 200
 patients from B.G.U. was carried out to clarify the potential causes of
 poor patients' compliance. Results: There was a marked decline in the
 number of newly diagnosed patients and patients on regular follow-up with
 incidence rates 0.208 and 0.088 in group (A) and group (B), respectively.
 The number of compliant patients in the second year (group B) decreased,
 with an incidence rate difference of 0.312. The number of trabeculectomies
 declined in group (B) with an incidence rate in group (A) 0.131 compared
 to 0.081 in group (B). On the other hand, the number of uncontrolled
 glaucoma patients increased in group B with an incidence rate difference
 -0.231between the two groups. 21.5% of patients who participated in the
 questionnaire identified financial issues as the leading cause of
 non-compliance. Comorbidities (19.5%), lockdown and transportation
 difficulties were also highlighted. Conclusion: COVID-19 had greatly
 hampered glaucoma care in the Nile Delta region. As a result, we need to
 implement new technologies like telemedicine and improve patients'
 awareness of glaucoma care.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dz08kprz8
title: Data belonging to the article: Estimating pre-harvest density, adult sex ratio and fecundity of white-tailed deer using wildlife cameras

description: Adult sex ratio and fecundity (juveniles per female) are key population
 parameters in sustainable wildlife management, but inferring these
 requires abundance estimates of at least three age/sex classes of the
 population (male and female adults and juveniles). Prior to harvest, we
 used an array of 36 wildlife camera traps during 2 and 3 weeks in the
 early autumn of 2016 and 2017 respectively. We recorded white-tailed deer
 adult males, adult females and fawns from the pictures. Simultaneously, we
 collected fecal DNA (fDNA) from 92 20mx20m plots placed in 23 clusters of
 four plots between the camera traps. We identified individuals from fDNA
 samples with microsatellite markers and estimated the total sex ratio and
 population density using Spatial Capture Recapture (SCR). The fDNA-SCR
 analysis concluded equal sex ratio in the first year and female bias in
 the second year, and no difference in space use between sexes (fawns and
 adults combined). Camera information was analyzed in a Spatial Capture
 (SC) framework assuming an informative prior for animals’ space use,
 either (1) as estimated by fDNA-SCR (same for all age/sex classes), (2) as
 assumed from the literature (space use of adult males larger than adult
 females and fawns), (3) by inferring adult male space use from
 individually-identified males from the camera pictures. These various SC
 approaches produced plausible inferences on fecundity, but also inferred
 total density to be lower than the estimate provided by fDNA-SCR in one of
 the study years. SC approaches where adult male and female were allowed to
 differ in their space use suggested the population had a female-biased
 adult sex ratio. In conclusion, SC approaches allowed estimating the
 pre-harvest population parameters of interest and provided conservative
 density estimates.