cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28001782.v1
title: Overexpression of ST8Sia1 inhibits tumor progression by TGF-β1 signaling in rectal adenocarcinoma and promotes the tumoricidal effects of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells by granzyme B and perforin

description: Rectal adenocarcinoma (READ) involves the dysregulated expression of alpha 2,8-Sialyltransferase1 (ST8Sia1) although its role during READ’s progression is unclear. The mRNA level of ST8Sia1 was analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) 2.0. Furthermore, the prognostic and significance of ST8Sia1 in READ was assessed through Kaplan-Meier curve, univariate, multivariate Cox regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) methods. The role of ST8Sia1 in the READ immune microenvironment was explored using ESTIMATE analysis and TIMER databases. Furthermore, the expression of ST8Sia1 in tissues was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Perforin and Granzyme B secretion by CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, as well as tumor cell apoptosis, were detected after co-culturing CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells with READ tumor cells and ST8Sia1-overexpression (ST8Sia1-OE) tumor cells. Furthermore, we examined the interaction between ST8Sia1 and TGF-β1 in READ cells. ST8Sia1 exhibited excellent diagnostic capability for READ, with positive correlations to immune response and negative correlations to tumor purity. Increased levels of perforin and Granzyme B from CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were observed in vitro, enhancing tumor cell apoptosis. ST8Sia1 interacts with TGF-β1, mediating its inhibitory effects on READ development. ST8Sia1 is a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for READ, enhancing CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell function and possibly improving patient outcomes through cellular immunotherapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28054754.v1
title: Maternal group B <i>Streptococcus</i> decreases infant length and alters the early-life microbiome: a prospective cohort study

description: Maternal colonization with Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disrupts the vaginal microbiota, potentially affecting infant microbiota assembly and growth. While the gut microbiota’s importance in infant growth is recognized, the specific effects of maternal GBS on growth remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of maternal vaginal GBS during pregnancy on early infant growth, microbiome, and metabolomics. We recruited and classified 453 pregnant women from southern China into GBS or healthy groups based on GBS vaginal colonization. Their infants were categorized as GBS-exposed or GBS-unexposed groups. We comprehensively analyzed infant growth, gut microbiota, and metabolites during early life, along with maternal vaginal microbiota during pregnancy, using 16S rDNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics. GBS-exposed infants exhibited lower length-for-age z-scores (LAZ) than GBS-unexposed infants, especially at 2 months. Altered gut microbiota and metabolites in GBS-exposed infants correlated with growth, mediating the impact of maternal GBS on infant LAZ. Changes in the vaginal microbiota of the GBS group during the third trimester correlated with infant LAZ. Additionally, differences in neonatal gut microbiota, metabolites, and vaginal microbiota during pregnancy were identified between infants with overall LAZ&lt;-1 within 8 months after birth and their counterparts, enhancing the discriminatory power of fundamental data for predicting the occurrence of LAZ&lt;-1 during the first 8 months of life. GBS exposure is associated with decreased infant length growth, with altered microbiota and metabolites potentially mediating the effects of maternal GBS on offspring length growth, offering potential targets for predicting and addressing growth impairment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30674987
title: Relationship between long-term outcomes and optimal time interval in patients with bilateral synchronous multiple primary lung cancers: a multi-institutional cohort study

description: With the advancement of diagnostic technology and changes in living environment, the incidence of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (sMPLC) is increasing. This study aims to investigate the impact of surgical timing on clinical outcomes. This multi-institutional cohort study retrospectively enrolled 901 patients with bilateral sMPLC who underwent two surgeries from January 2017 to December 2022. Three different subgroups were determined based on the time interval between the 1<sup>st</sup> surgery and the 2<sup>nd</sup> surgery: Group-I (time interval ≤ 90 days), Group-II (90 days &lt; time interval ≤ 180 days) and Group-III (time interval &gt; 180 days). For the entire cohort, the median follow-up time from the second surgery was 49.2 months. The clinical outcomes of patients in Group-II were more favourable than those in Group-I and Group-III (log-rank, OS, <i>p</i> = 0.0037; DFS, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). According to multivariable Cox regression analyses, patients in Group-I (HR, 1.704; 95% CI, 0.828–3.51; <i>p</i> = 0.148) and Group-III (HR, 5.369; 95% CI, 2.664–10.819; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) may be associated with poor prognosis compared with those in Group-II. In addition, patients in Group-III had a high incidence of postoperative complications, and significantly reduced lung function was identified among patients in Group-I. For patients with bilateral sMPLC, our research identified a potential correlation between the interval of subsequent surgeries and patient prognosis. We suggest that an interval of 90 to 180 days between surgeries may be the most beneficial.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30674987.v1
title: Relationship between long-term outcomes and optimal time interval in patients with bilateral synchronous multiple primary lung cancers: a multi-institutional cohort study

description: With the advancement of diagnostic technology and changes in living environment, the incidence of synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (sMPLC) is increasing. This study aims to investigate the impact of surgical timing on clinical outcomes. This multi-institutional cohort study retrospectively enrolled 901 patients with bilateral sMPLC who underwent two surgeries from January 2017 to December 2022. Three different subgroups were determined based on the time interval between the 1<sup>st</sup> surgery and the 2<sup>nd</sup> surgery: Group-I (time interval ≤ 90 days), Group-II (90 days &lt; time interval ≤ 180 days) and Group-III (time interval &gt; 180 days). For the entire cohort, the median follow-up time from the second surgery was 49.2 months. The clinical outcomes of patients in Group-II were more favourable than those in Group-I and Group-III (log-rank, OS, <i>p</i> = 0.0037; DFS, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). According to multivariable Cox regression analyses, patients in Group-I (HR, 1.704; 95% CI, 0.828–3.51; <i>p</i> = 0.148) and Group-III (HR, 5.369; 95% CI, 2.664–10.819; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) may be associated with poor prognosis compared with those in Group-II. In addition, patients in Group-III had a high incidence of postoperative complications, and significantly reduced lung function was identified among patients in Group-I. For patients with bilateral sMPLC, our research identified a potential correlation between the interval of subsequent surgeries and patient prognosis. We suggest that an interval of 90 to 180 days between surgeries may be the most beneficial.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28774886
title: Development and validation of a score model for predicting the risk of first esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage and mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

description: Esophagogastric variceal bleeding, especially first variceal hemorrhage, represents a challenging complication in the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its presence significantly herald poor patient prognosis. The stratification system for the risk of first variceal hemorrhage and mortality has not been validated in patients with HCC. We aimed to develop and validate a simple score for the prediction of initial variceal bleeding and mortality in patients with HCC. This multicenter retrospective-prospective study included HCC patients at three tertiary hospitals in China from January 2016 to December 2023. The bleeding following endoscopy for hepatocellular carcinoma (BFE-HCC) score was constructed by the least absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) regression combined with multivariate logistic regression analysis. The performance of the score model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the calibration curve, and the decision curve analysis (DCA). Finally, the reproducibility of the results was further verified in an independent external cohort. We recruited 351 patients from three centers (median age 56 years, 85.5% male and 83.5% with cirrhosis), 56.6% patients presented high-risk (HR) varices, and 35% patients experienced variceal bleeding. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that the presence of cirrhosis, a history of acute variceal bleeding (AVB), Child-Pugh score, ALBI score, tumor size and portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) Vp4 were independent predictors of HR varices. The BFE-HCC is composed of six variables: white blood cell count, HR varices, Child-Pugh score, HCC therapy modality, Vp4, and tumor stage. The area under the curve (AUC) of BFE-HCC was 0.82, and the calibration plots and decision curve analysis exhibited outstanding performance compared with the MELD, ALBI, and Child-Pugh scores. In addition, Patients with BFE-HCC ≥ 4 were at increased risk of mortality (<i>P&lt;0.01</i>). The BFE-HCC score is hopeful to predict initial variceal bleeding and mortality in patients with HCC, offering a promising tool for prognostic assessment and treatment decisions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28774886.v1
title: Development and validation of a score model for predicting the risk of first esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage and mortality in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

description: Esophagogastric variceal bleeding, especially first variceal hemorrhage, represents a challenging complication in the management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and its presence significantly herald poor patient prognosis. The stratification system for the risk of first variceal hemorrhage and mortality has not been validated in patients with HCC. We aimed to develop and validate a simple score for the prediction of initial variceal bleeding and mortality in patients with HCC. This multicenter retrospective-prospective study included HCC patients at three tertiary hospitals in China from January 2016 to December 2023. The bleeding following endoscopy for hepatocellular carcinoma (BFE-HCC) score was constructed by the least absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) regression combined with multivariate logistic regression analysis. The performance of the score model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the calibration curve, and the decision curve analysis (DCA). Finally, the reproducibility of the results was further verified in an independent external cohort. We recruited 351 patients from three centers (median age 56 years, 85.5% male and 83.5% with cirrhosis), 56.6% patients presented high-risk (HR) varices, and 35% patients experienced variceal bleeding. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that the presence of cirrhosis, a history of acute variceal bleeding (AVB), Child-Pugh score, ALBI score, tumor size and portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) Vp4 were independent predictors of HR varices. The BFE-HCC is composed of six variables: white blood cell count, HR varices, Child-Pugh score, HCC therapy modality, Vp4, and tumor stage. The area under the curve (AUC) of BFE-HCC was 0.82, and the calibration plots and decision curve analysis exhibited outstanding performance compared with the MELD, ALBI, and Child-Pugh scores. In addition, Patients with BFE-HCC ≥ 4 were at increased risk of mortality (<i>P&lt;0.01</i>). The BFE-HCC score is hopeful to predict initial variceal bleeding and mortality in patients with HCC, offering a promising tool for prognostic assessment and treatment decisions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29890787
title: EpCAM-targeted near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) for the treatment of breast cancer

description: Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a targeted cancer treatment that uses antibody-IR700 conjugates and selectively destroys cancer cells expressing a target antigen when exposed to near-infrared (NIR) light. NIR-PIT not only destroys targeted cancer cells but also induces anticancer immune activation. Currently, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the only clinically approved target for NIR-PIT. To expand the therapeutic potential of this therapy, we investigated EpCAM as a potential target for NIR-PIT. We first evaluated the target cell-killing efficacy of EpCAM-targeted NIR-PIT (EpCAM-NIR-PIT) using the antibody Edrecolomab in human breast and colon cancer models characterized by high EpCAM expression. Next, we evaluated anticancer immune activity induced by EpCAM-NIR-PIT with an anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor in a mouse breast cancer model in immunocompetent mice. Both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies demonstrated effective cell killing in response to EpCAM-NIR-PIT using Edrecolomab. <i>In vivo</i> EpCAM-NIR-PIT in a breast cancer model in immunodeficient mice demonstrated an initial reduction in tumour size followed by delayed regrowth relative to controls. The analysis of immune cells revealed that this combination therapy led to robust activation of CD8+ T cells and their differentiation into effector cells, resulting in significant tumour suppression with a 50% complete remission (CR) rate. Furthermore, mice that achieved CR demonstrated resistance to tumour rechallenge, indicating the establishment of long-term anticancer immunity. This study demonstrated that EpCAM-NIR-PIT, particularly when combined with immune-activating agents such as anti-PD-1, is a promising new approach for cancer treatment, inducing durable and systemic anticancer immunity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29890787.v1
title: EpCAM-targeted near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) for the treatment of breast cancer

description: Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a targeted cancer treatment that uses antibody-IR700 conjugates and selectively destroys cancer cells expressing a target antigen when exposed to near-infrared (NIR) light. NIR-PIT not only destroys targeted cancer cells but also induces anticancer immune activation. Currently, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the only clinically approved target for NIR-PIT. To expand the therapeutic potential of this therapy, we investigated EpCAM as a potential target for NIR-PIT. We first evaluated the target cell-killing efficacy of EpCAM-targeted NIR-PIT (EpCAM-NIR-PIT) using the antibody Edrecolomab in human breast and colon cancer models characterized by high EpCAM expression. Next, we evaluated anticancer immune activity induced by EpCAM-NIR-PIT with an anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor in a mouse breast cancer model in immunocompetent mice. Both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies demonstrated effective cell killing in response to EpCAM-NIR-PIT using Edrecolomab. <i>In vivo</i> EpCAM-NIR-PIT in a breast cancer model in immunodeficient mice demonstrated an initial reduction in tumour size followed by delayed regrowth relative to controls. The analysis of immune cells revealed that this combination therapy led to robust activation of CD8+ T cells and their differentiation into effector cells, resulting in significant tumour suppression with a 50% complete remission (CR) rate. Furthermore, mice that achieved CR demonstrated resistance to tumour rechallenge, indicating the establishment of long-term anticancer immunity. This study demonstrated that EpCAM-NIR-PIT, particularly when combined with immune-activating agents such as anti-PD-1, is a promising new approach for cancer treatment, inducing durable and systemic anticancer immunity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28053376
title: Digital learning strategies in residency education

description: New digital learning environments have transformed medical education and training, allowing students and teachers to engage in synchronous, real-time interactions and asynchronous learning activities online. Despite extensive research on the role of digital technologies in education, understanding the interplay between digital technology, work, and learning, especially in complex fields like healthcare, remains a challenge. The objective of this study is to examine resident physicians’ perceptions and experiences of using a digital learning environment as part of their specialist medical training. The paper focuses on digital learning through video conferencing (virtual lectures and seminars) and related learning technologies. It aims to understand how resident physicians perceive pedagogical opportunities and challenges in digital learning environments during their medical training and what strategies they use to address these. The methodological approach is qualitative, aiming to capture and understand participants’ experiences and views of digital learning. The empirical data gathered from open-ended responses to four course evaluation surveys and semi-structured interviews with nine physicians from a cohort of participants enrolled in two or more digital courses were analyzed through thematic analysis. The analysis revealed three main themes related to digital transformation of learning: sociotechnical, educational and administrative. The results suggest that (i) sociotechnical aspects and understanding of the context in which the learning takes place contribute to enhancing digital learning for resident physicians; (ii) insights into participants’ perceptions of digital learning emphasize that interactive communication and group discussions are significant for their learning, and (iii) administrative aspects related to course design, lecture management, and instructional support are more important in digital learning environments compared to traditional teaching and learning. Findings from this study confirm and extend prior studies on digital learning in healthcare, contributing to a better understanding of how digital learning environments, especially virtual lectures and seminars, can be developed and integrated into residency programs and health professions education to increase their usefulness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28053376.v1
title: Digital learning strategies in residency education

description: New digital learning environments have transformed medical education and training, allowing students and teachers to engage in synchronous, real-time interactions and asynchronous learning activities online. Despite extensive research on the role of digital technologies in education, understanding the interplay between digital technology, work, and learning, especially in complex fields like healthcare, remains a challenge. The objective of this study is to examine resident physicians’ perceptions and experiences of using a digital learning environment as part of their specialist medical training. The paper focuses on digital learning through video conferencing (virtual lectures and seminars) and related learning technologies. It aims to understand how resident physicians perceive pedagogical opportunities and challenges in digital learning environments during their medical training and what strategies they use to address these. The methodological approach is qualitative, aiming to capture and understand participants’ experiences and views of digital learning. The empirical data gathered from open-ended responses to four course evaluation surveys and semi-structured interviews with nine physicians from a cohort of participants enrolled in two or more digital courses were analyzed through thematic analysis. The analysis revealed three main themes related to digital transformation of learning: sociotechnical, educational and administrative. The results suggest that (i) sociotechnical aspects and understanding of the context in which the learning takes place contribute to enhancing digital learning for resident physicians; (ii) insights into participants’ perceptions of digital learning emphasize that interactive communication and group discussions are significant for their learning, and (iii) administrative aspects related to course design, lecture management, and instructional support are more important in digital learning environments compared to traditional teaching and learning. Findings from this study confirm and extend prior studies on digital learning in healthcare, contributing to a better understanding of how digital learning environments, especially virtual lectures and seminars, can be developed and integrated into residency programs and health professions education to increase their usefulness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28890601
title: Multidomain intervention for delaying aging in community-dwelling older adults (MIDA): study design and protocol

description: The exploration of interventions to delay aging is an emerging topic that promotes healthy aging. The multidomain intervention has the potential to be applied in the field of aging because it concentrates on the functional ability of older adults. There is currently no literature reporting on a multidomain intervention involving cognition, exercise and nutrition for delaying aging. The Multidomain Intervention for Delaying Aging in Community-dwelling Older Adults (MIDA) is a Zelen-design randomized controlled trial with a 6-month intervention duration. The multidomain intervention comprises cognitive training, exercise training, and nutritional guidance, delivered through both group sessions and individual family interventions. A total of 248 participants aged 60 to 85 years will be randomized to the intervention group or control group and followed up for 12 months. The primary outcome is the change in epigenetic age acceleration and pace of aging following the multidomain intervention. The secondary outcomes are the changes in frailty score and intrinsic capacity Z-score. Other outcomes include physical functions, body composition, aging biomarkers, inflammatory markers, haematology and biochemistry parameters, and lifestyle factors. This study will explore the effects of the multidomain intervention on delaying aging in community-dwelling older adults. We aim to introduce a new approach to delaying aging and offer a practical multidomain intervention strategy for healthcare institutions.