cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11530779.v1
title: Phylogeny and taxonomy of <i>Ceriporia</i> and other related taxa and description of three new species

description: Species of <i>Ceriporia</i> (Irpicaceae, Basidiomycota) are saprotrophs or endophytes in forest ecosystems. To evaluate the taxonomy and generic relationships of <i>Ceriporia</i> and other related taxa, we used morphology and multigene phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data from nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) region, nuc 28S rDNA (28S), and RNA polymerase II largest subunit (<i>rpb1</i>). Our results show that <i>Ceriporia</i> sensu lato is polyphyletic and distributed across multiple clades in the Irpicaceae, Phanerochaetaceae, and Meruliaceae. Some species previously considered in <i>Ceriporia</i> are now recovered in <i>Meruliopsis</i>, resulting in four new combinations: <i>M. albomellea, M. crassitunicata, M. nanlingensis</i>, and <i>M. pseudocystidiata</i>. Two new species of <i>Meruliopsis</i> are described: <i>M. leptocystidiata</i> from northeast China and South Korea and <i>M. parvispora</i> from Taiwan. <i>Ceriporia arbuscula</i> is described as a new species from Taiwan. <i>Ceriporia mellita</i> and <i>Meruliopsis nanlingensis</i> are newly recorded from Japan and Taiwan, and <i>M. taxicola</i> is recorded from Taiwan for the first time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11506281
title: Revision of leccinoid fungi, with emphasis on North American taxa, based on molecular and morphological data

description: The leccinoid fungi are boletes and related sequestrate mushrooms (Boletaceae, Basidiomycota) that have traditionally been placed in <i>Leccinum, Boletus, Leccinellum</i>, and a handful of other less familiar genera. These mushrooms generally feature scabers or scaber-like dots on the surface of the stipe, and they are often fairly tall and slender when compared with other boletes. They are ectomycorrhizal fungi and appear to be fairly strictly associated with specific trees or groups of related trees. In the present study, we investigate the phylogenetic relationships among the leccinoid fungi and other members of the family Boletaceae using portions of three loci from nuc 28S rDNA (28S), translation elongation factor 1-α (<i>TEF1</i>), and the RNA polymerase II second-largest subunit (<i>RPB2</i>). Two DNA data sets (combined 28S-<i>TEF1</i> and 28S-<i>TEF1-RPB2</i>), comprising sequences from nearly 270 voucher specimens, were evaluated using two different phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference). Five major clades were obtained, and leccinoid fungi appeared in four of them. Taxonomic proposals supported by our results, representing a broadly circumscribed <i>Leccinum</i> that includes several sequestrate genera, along with <i>Leccinellum</i>, are made.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10666046
title: <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i>, a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from semiarid regions in Mexico

description: <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i> is here described as a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; Glomeromycota) based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses. It was isolated from rhizospheric soil of two endemic Mexican legumes: <i>Prosopis laevigata</i> and <i>Mimosa luisana</i>, which grow in semiarid regions of central Mexico. <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i> is characterized by forming globose spores of (154.5–)202.8(–228.9) µm diam and a spore wall consisting of four layers (SWL1–SWL4): outer wall layer (SWL1) hyaline, evanescent, (1.7–)3.2(–4.3) µm thick; SWL2 laminate and smooth, orange to reddish orange, (3.1–)4.5(–6.1) µm thick; SWL3 laminate, smooth, reddish orange to reddish brown, (4.1–)5.1(–5.7) µm thick; and SWL4 hyaline, semiflexible, (0.93–)1.2(–1.4) µm thick. None of the spore wall layers stain with Melzer’s reagent. The subtending hypha has a color from yellowish to golden and presents a septum on spore base. <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i> can be distinguished from all other <i>Septoglomus</i> species by spore size and color, by spore wall structure (four layers), and by color change of the subtending hypha. Phylogenetic analysis based on the AMF extended DNA barcode covering a 1.5-kb fragment of the small subunit (SSU), internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), and the large subunit (LSU) of rRNA genes places <i>S. mexicanum</i> in the genus <i>Septoglomus</i>, separated from other described <i>Septoglomus</i> species, especially <i>S. turnauae</i>, with whom it could be confused morphologically. All available sequences in public databases suggest that this new fungal species has not yet been previously detected. Thus, there are currently 149 Glomeromycota species registered in Mexico, representing 47.4% of the known species worldwide.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10665284
title: An updated phylogenetic classification of <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i> isolates and a practical approach to their identification based on the nucleotide polymorphisms at the <i>ga4</i> and <i>caa5</i> loci

description: <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i> (Burk. & M.A. Curtis) C.T. Wei. is an anamorphic fungus that affects more than 530 plant species, including economically important crops. Several lineages of this pathogen have been recognized, but the classification of isolates into clades is time-consuming and still sometimes leads to unclear results. In this work, eight major phylogenetic clades (PhL1–PhL8) including 245 isolates of <i>C. cassiicola</i> from 44 plant species were established based on a Bayesian inference analysis of four combined <i>C. cassiicola</i> genomic loci retrieved from GenBank, i.e., rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), <i>actin-1</i>,<i>ga4</i>, and <i>caa5</i>. The existence of PhL1–PhL5 and PhL7 as clonal lineages was further confirmed through the analysis of full-genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 39 isolates. Haplotypes of the <i>caa5</i> locus were PhL specific and encode isoforms of the LDB19 domain of a putative α-arrestin N-terminal–like protein. Evolution of the Caa5 arrestin is in correspondence with the PhLs. <i>ga4</i> and <i>caa5</i> PhL consensus sequences and a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) procedure were generated based on the conserved nucleotide sequences and enzyme restriction patterns observed among isolates from the same lineage, respectively. The CAPS method was validated <i>in silico</i>, and its practical use allowed us to differentiate between tomato and papaya isolates, as well as to reveal the prevalence of PhL1 among isolates infecting soybean in Brazil. This novel approach could be useful in the efforts to control the diseases associated with <i>C. cassiicola</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10666046.v1
title: <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i>, a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from semiarid regions in Mexico

description: <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i> is here described as a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; Glomeromycota) based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses. It was isolated from rhizospheric soil of two endemic Mexican legumes: <i>Prosopis laevigata</i> and <i>Mimosa luisana</i>, which grow in semiarid regions of central Mexico. <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i> is characterized by forming globose spores of (154.5–)202.8(–228.9) µm diam and a spore wall consisting of four layers (SWL1–SWL4): outer wall layer (SWL1) hyaline, evanescent, (1.7–)3.2(–4.3) µm thick; SWL2 laminate and smooth, orange to reddish orange, (3.1–)4.5(–6.1) µm thick; SWL3 laminate, smooth, reddish orange to reddish brown, (4.1–)5.1(–5.7) µm thick; and SWL4 hyaline, semiflexible, (0.93–)1.2(–1.4) µm thick. None of the spore wall layers stain with Melzer’s reagent. The subtending hypha has a color from yellowish to golden and presents a septum on spore base. <i>Septoglomus mexicanum</i> can be distinguished from all other <i>Septoglomus</i> species by spore size and color, by spore wall structure (four layers), and by color change of the subtending hypha. Phylogenetic analysis based on the AMF extended DNA barcode covering a 1.5-kb fragment of the small subunit (SSU), internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), and the large subunit (LSU) of rRNA genes places <i>S. mexicanum</i> in the genus <i>Septoglomus</i>, separated from other described <i>Septoglomus</i> species, especially <i>S. turnauae</i>, with whom it could be confused morphologically. All available sequences in public databases suggest that this new fungal species has not yet been previously detected. Thus, there are currently 149 Glomeromycota species registered in Mexico, representing 47.4% of the known species worldwide.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10665284.v1
title: An updated phylogenetic classification of <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i> isolates and a practical approach to their identification based on the nucleotide polymorphisms at the <i>ga4</i> and <i>caa5</i> loci

description: <i>Corynespora cassiicola</i> (Burk. & M.A. Curtis) C.T. Wei. is an anamorphic fungus that affects more than 530 plant species, including economically important crops. Several lineages of this pathogen have been recognized, but the classification of isolates into clades is time-consuming and still sometimes leads to unclear results. In this work, eight major phylogenetic clades (PhL1–PhL8) including 245 isolates of <i>C. cassiicola</i> from 44 plant species were established based on a Bayesian inference analysis of four combined <i>C. cassiicola</i> genomic loci retrieved from GenBank, i.e., rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), <i>actin-1</i>,<i>ga4</i>, and <i>caa5</i>. The existence of PhL1–PhL5 and PhL7 as clonal lineages was further confirmed through the analysis of full-genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 39 isolates. Haplotypes of the <i>caa5</i> locus were PhL specific and encode isoforms of the LDB19 domain of a putative α-arrestin N-terminal–like protein. Evolution of the Caa5 arrestin is in correspondence with the PhLs. <i>ga4</i> and <i>caa5</i> PhL consensus sequences and a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) procedure were generated based on the conserved nucleotide sequences and enzyme restriction patterns observed among isolates from the same lineage, respectively. The CAPS method was validated <i>in silico</i>, and its practical use allowed us to differentiate between tomato and papaya isolates, as well as to reveal the prevalence of PhL1 among isolates infecting soybean in Brazil. This novel approach could be useful in the efforts to control the diseases associated with <i>C. cassiicola</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13187510
title: Habitat-scale heterogeneity maintains fungal endophyte diversity in two native prairie legumes

description: The assembly of fungal endophyte communities within plants depends on the complex interactions of fungal taxa, their host plants, and the abiotic environment. Prairie plant communities provide a unique avenue to explore the interplay of biotic and abiotic factors affecting endophyte communities, since the historical distribution of prairies spans a broad range of temperature and precipitation, while the distances between small fragments of contemporary prairie communities may challenge the dispersal capabilities of these otherwise ubiquitous fungi. We sampled foliar fungal endophytes from two native prairie legumes, purple and white prairie clovers (<i>Dalea purpurea</i> and <i>D. candida</i>), in 17 remnant prairie sites across Minnesota in order to evaluate the relative contributions of abiotic factors, host species, and dispersal limitation to the diversity and structure of these communities. We found that similarity of communities was significantly associated with their location along a temperature and precipitation gradient, and we showed a distance-decay relationship that suggests dispersal limitations only over very large spatial scales. Although the effect of host species was small relative to these other factors, the two <i>Dalea</i> species maintained distinct communities within sites where they co-occur. Our results illustrate the capacity of many of these endophyte taxa to disperse over large distances and across heterogeneous biotic and abiotic environments and suggest that the interplay of biotic and abiotic factors maintains high diversity observed in endophyte communities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13187510.v1
title: Habitat-scale heterogeneity maintains fungal endophyte diversity in two native prairie legumes

description: The assembly of fungal endophyte communities within plants depends on the complex interactions of fungal taxa, their host plants, and the abiotic environment. Prairie plant communities provide a unique avenue to explore the interplay of biotic and abiotic factors affecting endophyte communities, since the historical distribution of prairies spans a broad range of temperature and precipitation, while the distances between small fragments of contemporary prairie communities may challenge the dispersal capabilities of these otherwise ubiquitous fungi. We sampled foliar fungal endophytes from two native prairie legumes, purple and white prairie clovers (<i>Dalea purpurea</i> and <i>D. candida</i>), in 17 remnant prairie sites across Minnesota in order to evaluate the relative contributions of abiotic factors, host species, and dispersal limitation to the diversity and structure of these communities. We found that similarity of communities was significantly associated with their location along a temperature and precipitation gradient, and we showed a distance-decay relationship that suggests dispersal limitations only over very large spatial scales. Although the effect of host species was small relative to these other factors, the two <i>Dalea</i> species maintained distinct communities within sites where they co-occur. Our results illustrate the capacity of many of these endophyte taxa to disperse over large distances and across heterogeneous biotic and abiotic environments and suggest that the interplay of biotic and abiotic factors maintains high diversity observed in endophyte communities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13169553
title: <i>Botrytis polygoni</i>, a new species of the genus <i>Botrytis</i> infecting Polygonaceae in Gansu, China

description: A new species, <i>Botrytis polygoni</i>, was isolated from several species of Polygonaceae in 2011 and 2012 in Tongwei County, Gansu Province, China. The species infects <i>Fagopyrum esculentum, F. tataricum</i>, and <i>Fallopia convolvulus</i>, causing brown leaf spots and large blotches with concentric rings in the field. <i>Botrytis polygoni</i> is morphologically characterized by conidia spherical, unicellular, hyaline to pale brown or brown, (10.2–)14.3–21.4(–23.5) μm; and sclerotia black, spherical to subspherical, allantoid, or irregular-shaped, 0.2–4.1 × 0.1–3.0 mm. Comparison of the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) sequences confirmed its placement in the genus <i>Botrytis</i>. Phylogenetic analysis based on the protein-coding genes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (<i>G3PDH</i>), heat shock protein 60 (<i>HSP60</i>), and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit II (<i>RPB2</i>) showed that the new species is clustered close but separate from <i>Botrytis pyriformis</i>, which was distant from 37 other <i>Botrytis</i> species and 17 undescribed species. Pathogenicity tests showed that the new species has aggressive pathogenicity to four species of Polygonaceae, specifically <i>Fag. tataricum, Fal. convolvulus, Polygonum sibiricum</i>, and <i>Pol. aviculare</i>, weak pathogenicity to <i>Vicia faba</i> in the Fabaceae, and no pathogenicity to eight other tested plants: <i>Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Lagopsis supine, Mentha canadensis, Plantago asiatica</i>, and <i>Raphanus sativus</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13395499.v1
title: New genus of trichomatous coelomycete on <i>Myrcia fenzliana</i> from the Brazilian Cerrado

description: <i>Megacoelomyces</i> (type species: <i>Megacoelomyces sanchezii</i>), an ascomycete asexual morph infecting <i>Myrcia fenzliana</i> (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado, is described as a new genus in the Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota), based on multilocus phylogeny (three nuclear ribosomal DNA and two protein-coding genes) in addition to morphological (light and scanning electron microscopy) and ecological data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13169553.v1
title: <i>Botrytis polygoni</i>, a new species of the genus <i>Botrytis</i> infecting Polygonaceae in Gansu, China

description: A new species, <i>Botrytis polygoni</i>, was isolated from several species of Polygonaceae in 2011 and 2012 in Tongwei County, Gansu Province, China. The species infects <i>Fagopyrum esculentum, F. tataricum</i>, and <i>Fallopia convolvulus</i>, causing brown leaf spots and large blotches with concentric rings in the field. <i>Botrytis polygoni</i> is morphologically characterized by conidia spherical, unicellular, hyaline to pale brown or brown, (10.2–)14.3–21.4(–23.5) μm; and sclerotia black, spherical to subspherical, allantoid, or irregular-shaped, 0.2–4.1 × 0.1–3.0 mm. Comparison of the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) sequences confirmed its placement in the genus <i>Botrytis</i>. Phylogenetic analysis based on the protein-coding genes glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (<i>G3PDH</i>), heat shock protein 60 (<i>HSP60</i>), and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase subunit II (<i>RPB2</i>) showed that the new species is clustered close but separate from <i>Botrytis pyriformis</i>, which was distant from 37 other <i>Botrytis</i> species and 17 undescribed species. Pathogenicity tests showed that the new species has aggressive pathogenicity to four species of Polygonaceae, specifically <i>Fag. tataricum, Fal. convolvulus, Polygonum sibiricum</i>, and <i>Pol. aviculare</i>, weak pathogenicity to <i>Vicia faba</i> in the Fabaceae, and no pathogenicity to eight other tested plants: <i>Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Convolvulus arvensis, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, Lagopsis supine, Mentha canadensis, Plantago asiatica</i>, and <i>Raphanus sativus</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13395499
title: New genus of trichomatous coelomycete on <i>Myrcia fenzliana</i> from the Brazilian Cerrado

description: <i>Megacoelomyces</i> (type species: <i>Megacoelomyces sanchezii</i>), an ascomycete asexual morph infecting <i>Myrcia fenzliana</i> (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Cerrado, is described as a new genus in the Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota), based on multilocus phylogeny (three nuclear ribosomal DNA and two protein-coding genes) in addition to morphological (light and scanning electron microscopy) and ecological data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13222236
title: <i>Amanita</i> in the Guineo-Congolian rainforest: Epitypes and new species from the Dja Biosphere Reserve, Cameroon

description: Four epitypes and three new species of <i>Amanita</i> (Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) are described from Guineo-Congolian rainforests of Cameroon. <i>Amanita echinulata, A. fulvopulverulenta, A. robusta</i>, and <i>A. bingensis</i> are epitypified based on collections that are the first since the species were described nearly a century ago. Morphological features of the epitypes are described and enumerated. <i>Amanita minima, Amanita luteolamellata</i>, and <i>A. goossensfontanae</i> are described as new and added to the known macromycota of tropical Africa. Habit, habitat, and known distribution are provided for each species. Sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) locus are provided for types and other collections of all taxa, and a molecular phylogenetic analysis across the genus <i>Amanita</i> corroborates morphology-based infrageneric placement for each.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13222236.v1
title: <i>Amanita</i> in the Guineo-Congolian rainforest: Epitypes and new species from the Dja Biosphere Reserve, Cameroon

description: Four epitypes and three new species of <i>Amanita</i> (Amanitaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) are described from Guineo-Congolian rainforests of Cameroon. <i>Amanita echinulata, A. fulvopulverulenta, A. robusta</i>, and <i>A. bingensis</i> are epitypified based on collections that are the first since the species were described nearly a century ago. Morphological features of the epitypes are described and enumerated. <i>Amanita minima, Amanita luteolamellata</i>, and <i>A. goossensfontanae</i> are described as new and added to the known macromycota of tropical Africa. Habit, habitat, and known distribution are provided for each species. Sequence data for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) locus are provided for types and other collections of all taxa, and a molecular phylogenetic analysis across the genus <i>Amanita</i> corroborates morphology-based infrageneric placement for each.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13187506
title: New species of <i>Tulasnella</i> associated with Australian terrestrial orchids in the Cryptostylidinae and Drakaeinae

description: Many orchids have an obligate relationship with <i>Tulasnella</i> mycorrhizal fungi for seed germination and support into adulthood. Despite the importance of <i>Tulasnella</i> as mycorrhizal partners, many species remain undescribed. Here, we use multiple sequence locus phylogenetic analyses to delimit and describe six new <i>Tulasnella</i> species associated with Australian terrestrial orchids from the subtribes Cryptostylidinae and Drakaeinae. Five of the new species, <i>Tulasnella australiensis, T. occidentalis, T. punctata, T. densa</i>, and <i>T. concentrica</i>, all associate with <i>Cryptostylis</i> (Cryptostylidinae), whereas <i>T. rosea</i> associates with <i>Spiculaea ciliata</i> (Drakaeinae). Isolates representing <i>T. australiensis</i> were previously also reported in association with <i>Arthrochilus</i> (Drakaeinae). All newly described <i>Tulasnella</i> species were delimited by phylogenetic analyses of four loci (nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 [ITS], <i>C14436</i> [ATP synthase], <i>C4102</i> [glutamate synthase], and mt 16S rDNA [mtLSU]). The pairwise sequence divergence between species for the ITS region ranged from 5.6% to 25.2%, and the maximum sequence divergence within the newly described species ranged from 1.64% to 4.97%. There was a gap in the distribution of within- and between-species pairwise divergences in the region of 4–6%, with only one within-species value of 4.97% (for two <i>T. australiensis</i> isolates) and one between-species value of 5.6% (involving an isolate of <i>T. occidentalis</i>) falling within this region. Based on fluorescence staining, all six new <i>Tulasnella</i> species are binucleate and have septate, cylindrical hyphae. There was some subtle variation in culture morphology, but colony diameter as measured on 3MN+vitamin medium after 6 wk of growth did not differ among species. However, <i>T. australiensis</i> grew significantly (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.02) slower than others on ½ FIM and ¼ potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. Formal description of these <i>Tulasnella</i> species contributes significantly to documentation of <i>Tulasnella</i> diversity and provides names and delimitations to underpin further research on the fungi and their relationships with orchids.