cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314079
title: Mineralogical Characterization of Iron Ore Tailings from the Quadrilatero Ferrifero, Brazil, by Eletronic Quantitative Mineralogy

description: The mineralogical characterization studies search for the best processing route, with the lowest environmental impact, aiming to improve the use of mineral resources. The electronic quantitative mineralogy (EQM) provides quickly and accurately great information about the characteristics of these materials. This work aims to characterize iron ore tailings by EQM as the main tool. It has selected seven samples of itabirite ores flotation tailings from the main mining regions of the Quadrilatero Ferrifero, Brazil. All samples were mostly composed by quartz and iron minerals, with a low presence of mixture particles of these minerals - less than 20% of the sample mass. Due to the difference between the size of particles of quartz and iron minerals, it has observed an opportunity to reprocess the fractions -37µm + 5µm of the studied tailings, with a potential recovery of 12% of the total sample mass generated for AM4, AM6 and AM7 and more than 5% for samples AM1, AM2, AM3 and AM5.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314070
title: Analysis of Residual Stress by the Hole-Drilling Method and Hardness in Dissimilar Joints of Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI 316L and Inconel 718 Alloy by Autogenous GTAW Process

description: Stainless steel and nickel alloy have high corrosion resistance in high-temperature environments due to the high Cr content present in their chemical composition, being widely used in components of nuclear reactors, petrochemical industries, etc. Through proper processes and procedures, it becomes possible to join these alloys. However, this union can generate detrimental factors in its performance, among them, the residual stresses. In this work, the residual stresses generated by the autogenous GTAW process, due to different interpass temperatures on the weld bead geometry, were analyzed by the Hole-Drilling technique in dissimilar welding joints of stainless steel AISI 316L and Inconel 718 alloy. In addition, the Vickers microhardness measurements were carried out to evaluate the hardness profile in the cross section of the weld bead covering base metal (BM), heat affect zone (HAZ) and weld metal (WM). We found that in the interface region between BM and HAZ of each dissimilar joint metal, residual stresses increased above 300 MPa, while hardness increased above 160 HV.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314073
title: Cotton Fabric Bleached with Seawater: Mechanical and Coloristic Properties

description: The textile industry needs a high volume of water to carry out its processes, which among them; textile chemical finishing is the main responsible for high water expenditure. However, nowadays there is a worldwide concern regarding the scarcity of fresh water. This research aims to study the use of seawater in the cotton bleaching process and compare the results obtained with the bleaching process made with distilled water. The characterization of the substrates was performed through the following analyses: reflectance spectrophotometry, white degree (ºBerger), wettability, tensile strength, elongation, scanning electron microscopy and dispersive energy spectroscopy. The bleaching with seawater presented good whiteness index, high tensile strength values and excellent hydrophilicity, which suggest that it may be possible to perform this process in cotton fabric using seawater.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314079.v1
title: Mineralogical Characterization of Iron Ore Tailings from the Quadrilatero Ferrifero, Brazil, by Eletronic Quantitative Mineralogy

description: The mineralogical characterization studies search for the best processing route, with the lowest environmental impact, aiming to improve the use of mineral resources. The electronic quantitative mineralogy (EQM) provides quickly and accurately great information about the characteristics of these materials. This work aims to characterize iron ore tailings by EQM as the main tool. It has selected seven samples of itabirite ores flotation tailings from the main mining regions of the Quadrilatero Ferrifero, Brazil. All samples were mostly composed by quartz and iron minerals, with a low presence of mixture particles of these minerals - less than 20% of the sample mass. Due to the difference between the size of particles of quartz and iron minerals, it has observed an opportunity to reprocess the fractions -37µm + 5µm of the studied tailings, with a potential recovery of 12% of the total sample mass generated for AM4, AM6 and AM7 and more than 5% for samples AM1, AM2, AM3 and AM5.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314085.v1
title: Value of Contrast Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Detection of Intrapulmonary Vascular Dilatations in Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis

description: Abstract Background: Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), found in cirrhotic patients, has been little studied in hepatosplenic schistosomiasis (HSS) and includes the occurrence of intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (IPVD). Contrast transesophageal echocardiography (cTEE) with microbubbles is more sensitive than contrast transthoracic echocardiography (cTTE) with microbubbles in the detection of IPVD in cirrhosis. Objective: To assess the performance of the cTEE, compared with that of cTTE, in detecting IPVD for the diagnosis of HPS in patients with HSS. Methods: cTEE and cTTE for investigation of IPVD and laboratory tests were performed in 22 patients with HSS. Agitated saline solution was injected in peripheral vein during the cTEE and cTTE procedures. Late appearance of the microbubbles in the left chambers indicated the presence of IPVD. Results of the two methods were compared by the Student’s t-test and the chi-square test (p &lt; 0.05). Results: cTEE was performed in all patients without complications. Three patients were excluded due to the presence of patent foramen ovale (PFO). The presence of IPVD was confirmed in 13 (68%) of 19 patients according to the cTEE and in only six (32%, p &lt; 0.01) according to the cTTE. No significant differences in clinical or laboratory data were found between the groups with and without IPVD, including the alveolar-arterial gradient. The diagnosis of HPS (presence of IPVD with changes in the arterial blood gas analysis) was made in five patients by the cTEE and in only one by the cTTE (p = 0.09). Conclusion: In HSS patients, cTEE was safe and superior to cTTE in detecting IPVD and allowed the exclusion of PFO.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314067
title: Assigning dates and identifying areas affected by fires in Portugal based on MODIS data

description: ABSTRACT An automated procedure is here presented that allows identifying and dating burned areas in Portugal using values of daily reflectance from near-infrared and middle-infrared bands, as obtained from the MODIS instrument. The algorithm detects persistent changes in monthly composites of the so-called (V,W) Burn-Sensitive Index and the day of maximum change in daily time series of W is in turn identified as the day of the burning event. The procedure is tested for 2005, the second worst fire season ever recorded in Portugal. Comparison between the obtained burned area map and the reference derived from Landsat imagery resulted in a Proportion Correct of 95.6%. Despite being applied only to the months of August and September, the algorithm is able to identify almost two-thirds of all scars that have occurred during the entire year of 2005. An assessment of the temporal accuracy of the dating procedure was also conducted, showing that 75% of estimated dates presented deviations between -5 and 5 days from dates of hotspots derived from the MODIS instrument. Information about location and date of burning events as provided by the proposed procedure may be viewed as complementary to the currently available official maps based on end-of-season Landsat imagery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314070.v1
title: Analysis of Residual Stress by the Hole-Drilling Method and Hardness in Dissimilar Joints of Austenitic Stainless Steel AISI 316L and Inconel 718 Alloy by Autogenous GTAW Process

description: Stainless steel and nickel alloy have high corrosion resistance in high-temperature environments due to the high Cr content present in their chemical composition, being widely used in components of nuclear reactors, petrochemical industries, etc. Through proper processes and procedures, it becomes possible to join these alloys. However, this union can generate detrimental factors in its performance, among them, the residual stresses. In this work, the residual stresses generated by the autogenous GTAW process, due to different interpass temperatures on the weld bead geometry, were analyzed by the Hole-Drilling technique in dissimilar welding joints of stainless steel AISI 316L and Inconel 718 alloy. In addition, the Vickers microhardness measurements were carried out to evaluate the hardness profile in the cross section of the weld bead covering base metal (BM), heat affect zone (HAZ) and weld metal (WM). We found that in the interface region between BM and HAZ of each dissimilar joint metal, residual stresses increased above 300 MPa, while hardness increased above 160 HV.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314061
title: Analysis of the Dynamic Stability of Ball-End Milling of AISI D6 Hardened Steel

description: AISI D6 hardened steel is a difficult to cut material that it is employed in mould and die manufacturing where long ball-end mills are frequently required to machine deep cavities. This condition can lead to excessive vibration between tool and workpiece resulting in a poor surface finishing and reduced tool life. This work analyses the dynamic stability of ball-end milling of AISI D6 hardened steel for different tool path orientations at inclined workpiece angles of 15º and 75º. The evaluation of stability is based on the surface texture and spectrum analysis of the vibration signals. The results showed that for workpiece inclination angle of 15º chatter occurred in vertical upward down-milling and vertical downward up-milling. Best surface texture with tool marks consistent with pick feed and feed directions were generated by applying horizontal downward tool paths that produced the least vibration. Only forced vibrations occurred for the workpiece inclination angle of 75º. The highest peaks of the spectra corresponded to the harmonics of the tooth passing frequency closer to the natural frequency of the system. High magnitudes in the spectrum were found for vertical upward down-milling that generated a less uniform surface texture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314061.v1
title: Analysis of the Dynamic Stability of Ball-End Milling of AISI D6 Hardened Steel

description: AISI D6 hardened steel is a difficult to cut material that it is employed in mould and die manufacturing where long ball-end mills are frequently required to machine deep cavities. This condition can lead to excessive vibration between tool and workpiece resulting in a poor surface finishing and reduced tool life. This work analyses the dynamic stability of ball-end milling of AISI D6 hardened steel for different tool path orientations at inclined workpiece angles of 15º and 75º. The evaluation of stability is based on the surface texture and spectrum analysis of the vibration signals. The results showed that for workpiece inclination angle of 15º chatter occurred in vertical upward down-milling and vertical downward up-milling. Best surface texture with tool marks consistent with pick feed and feed directions were generated by applying horizontal downward tool paths that produced the least vibration. Only forced vibrations occurred for the workpiece inclination angle of 75º. The highest peaks of the spectra corresponded to the harmonics of the tooth passing frequency closer to the natural frequency of the system. High magnitudes in the spectrum were found for vertical upward down-milling that generated a less uniform surface texture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314073.v1
title: Cotton Fabric Bleached with Seawater: Mechanical and Coloristic Properties

description: The textile industry needs a high volume of water to carry out its processes, which among them; textile chemical finishing is the main responsible for high water expenditure. However, nowadays there is a worldwide concern regarding the scarcity of fresh water. This research aims to study the use of seawater in the cotton bleaching process and compare the results obtained with the bleaching process made with distilled water. The characterization of the substrates was performed through the following analyses: reflectance spectrophotometry, white degree (ºBerger), wettability, tensile strength, elongation, scanning electron microscopy and dispersive energy spectroscopy. The bleaching with seawater presented good whiteness index, high tensile strength values and excellent hydrophilicity, which suggest that it may be possible to perform this process in cotton fabric using seawater.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314055
title: Evaluation of Mass Loss in Different Stages of Printed Circuit Boards Recycling Employed in Temperature Controllers

description: The aim of this work was to evaluate mass loss in each stage of the recycling process for metal recovery from PCBs of controllers and temperature indicators of cold chambers. The stages of process consists of grinding, particle size classification, magnetic and electrostatic separation. It was analyzed 13 kg of PCBs. These PCBs were crushed and ground. The ground material were subjected to magnetic and electrostatic separator. The losses in the comminution stages were 12.69 % and are lower than those found in other related works that used mixtures of different types of PCBs, whereas in this work only one model plates were analyzed. 27.2 % absolute mass loss we reached out after particle size separation with Tyler Series with 1 mm sieve presents the higher mass losses in the whole process and this fraction was not processed as it results in PCBs powder dust that interferes negatively in the electrostatic separation. Comparing the losses in the stages of shredding of PCBs employed in temperature controllers with other studies involving PCBs from the automotive industry and from computers and cell phones, is remarkable that this type of board presents significantly greater potential to be processed for recovery of its materials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314067.v1
title: Assigning dates and identifying areas affected by fires in Portugal based on MODIS data

description: ABSTRACT An automated procedure is here presented that allows identifying and dating burned areas in Portugal using values of daily reflectance from near-infrared and middle-infrared bands, as obtained from the MODIS instrument. The algorithm detects persistent changes in monthly composites of the so-called (V,W) Burn-Sensitive Index and the day of maximum change in daily time series of W is in turn identified as the day of the burning event. The procedure is tested for 2005, the second worst fire season ever recorded in Portugal. Comparison between the obtained burned area map and the reference derived from Landsat imagery resulted in a Proportion Correct of 95.6%. Despite being applied only to the months of August and September, the algorithm is able to identify almost two-thirds of all scars that have occurred during the entire year of 2005. An assessment of the temporal accuracy of the dating procedure was also conducted, showing that 75% of estimated dates presented deviations between -5 and 5 days from dates of hotspots derived from the MODIS instrument. Information about location and date of burning events as provided by the proposed procedure may be viewed as complementary to the currently available official maps based on end-of-season Landsat imagery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314049
title: Chlorophyll Fluorescence - a Tool for Quick Identification of Accase and ALS Inhibitor Herbicides Performance

description: ABSTRACT: Chlorophyll fluorescence measurement is a precise research technique that can be used for studying the effect of herbicides with different modes of action on photosynthetic apparatus. The aim of the present project was to study the variation of the fluorescence induction curve (Kautsky curve) and its variables affected by pinoxaden (ACCase inhibitor) and mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron herbicide (ALS inhibitor) in littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.) and wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu). This study was carried out at the Greenhouse of Collage of Agriculture at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, during 2013. Experiments were performed based on a completely randomized design in form of a dose-response test with six doses of each herbicide plus an untreated control. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was measured 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after spraying (DAS). The results obtained in the study indicated that the estimated EDs parameters differed based on herbicide types or weed species. For example, ED90 varied from 11.67 to 28.61 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha-1. Moreover, the results showed that application of mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron at doses higher than 9 g a.i. ha-1 changed the shape of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve (Kautsky curve) in littleseed canarygrass at 7 DAS while herbicide doses of mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron did not change the shape of the Kautsky curve in wild oat. In addition, the Kautsky curve was observed to have an approximate permanent drop for littleseed canarygrass species at 2 DAS by pinoxaden. Comparing the fluorescence parameters in wild oat and littleseed canarygrass treated with two herbicides showed that Fv/Fm, the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII and Fvj, variable fluorescence at the J step of littleseed canarygrass decreased more than the mentioned parameters in wild oat. Furthermore, there was a strong relationship ranging from 0.53 to 0.79 between dry weights after 4 weeks and fluorescence parameters at 7 DAS depending on the herbicide type and weed species. Applying fluorescence parameters a few days after treatment to predict biomass production can be a defining criterion in research and development stages of herbicides to eliminate the need for whole plant bioassay. This method can also be applied to shorten the bioassay screening period and function as a suitable and cost effective indicator for monitoring of ACCase and ALS inhibitors. This approach also demonstrates serious damages to plant photosynthesis apparatus on crop during herbicide misapplication.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314052
title: Physical and chemical study of lattice kaolinites and their interaction with orthophosphate

description: ABSTRACT This study covers the evaluation of the structure and the capacity in adsorbing orthophosphate ions of kaolinites collected from sampling sites in Manaus (Brazil). The kaolinites were obtained using physical fractioning (sieving/siphoning) techniques and chemical treatment with HCl, H2SO4, H2O2 and KCl. The investigation of the kaolinite lattices involved the Hinckley and Plançon indexes determined from X-ray diffraction data, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The absorption capacity of orthophosphate ions was calculated by Freundlich and Langergren isotherms. A transitional state was observed in the crystallographic structure from kaolinites because of the isomorphic substitution of Al3+ by Fe3+. This isomorphic substitution occurs accompanied by the optical pleochroism behavior, but it also reduces the mean particle sizes and increases the number of structural defects and magnetic properties of these kaolinites. Mössbauer spectroscopy showed that the substituting Fe3+ preferentially occupies octahedral sites. In the kaolinite lattices there are different octahedral sites of Al bounded by cis-OH-Fe3+ and trans-OH-Fe3+ octahedral sites. The kaolinite from the Kao1 sample has a higher number of cis-OH-Fe3+ from octahedral sites and is able to adsorb higher contents of orthophosphate ions than those from samples Kao2 and Kao3.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11314049.v1
title: Chlorophyll Fluorescence - a Tool for Quick Identification of Accase and ALS Inhibitor Herbicides Performance

description: ABSTRACT: Chlorophyll fluorescence measurement is a precise research technique that can be used for studying the effect of herbicides with different modes of action on photosynthetic apparatus. The aim of the present project was to study the variation of the fluorescence induction curve (Kautsky curve) and its variables affected by pinoxaden (ACCase inhibitor) and mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron herbicide (ALS inhibitor) in littleseed canarygrass (Phalaris minor Retz.) and wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu). This study was carried out at the Greenhouse of Collage of Agriculture at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, during 2013. Experiments were performed based on a completely randomized design in form of a dose-response test with six doses of each herbicide plus an untreated control. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) was measured 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 days after spraying (DAS). The results obtained in the study indicated that the estimated EDs parameters differed based on herbicide types or weed species. For example, ED90 varied from 11.67 to 28.61 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha-1. Moreover, the results showed that application of mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron at doses higher than 9 g a.i. ha-1 changed the shape of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curve (Kautsky curve) in littleseed canarygrass at 7 DAS while herbicide doses of mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron did not change the shape of the Kautsky curve in wild oat. In addition, the Kautsky curve was observed to have an approximate permanent drop for littleseed canarygrass species at 2 DAS by pinoxaden. Comparing the fluorescence parameters in wild oat and littleseed canarygrass treated with two herbicides showed that Fv/Fm, the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII and Fvj, variable fluorescence at the J step of littleseed canarygrass decreased more than the mentioned parameters in wild oat. Furthermore, there was a strong relationship ranging from 0.53 to 0.79 between dry weights after 4 weeks and fluorescence parameters at 7 DAS depending on the herbicide type and weed species. Applying fluorescence parameters a few days after treatment to predict biomass production can be a defining criterion in research and development stages of herbicides to eliminate the need for whole plant bioassay. This method can also be applied to shorten the bioassay screening period and function as a suitable and cost effective indicator for monitoring of ACCase and ALS inhibitors. This approach also demonstrates serious damages to plant photosynthesis apparatus on crop during herbicide misapplication.