cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7243601
title: Phenotypic diversity and carcass quality of creole goats with genetic potential for resistance to infection caused by worm

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to phenotypically characterize creole goats of the Moxotó, Azul, Canindé, Repartida, Marota, and Graúna breeds, comparing them with the Boer, Anglo Nubian, and Alpine exotic breeds, to identify the genetic groups of greater potential for carcass quality and resistance to infection caused by worm. Data on morphometric measurements were obtained for the count of worm eggs in grams of feces (WEGF), Famacha score, carcass measurements, and body weight from 308 animals, in a farm in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Repartida goats showed the highest average for wither height (61.55 cm) and rump height (62.16 cm), and Moxotó goats had the greatest ear length (13.45 cm). The Moxotó breed showed the highest means for carcass and body weight. The lowest average for body weight was observed in Azul goats (24.35 kg), and the lowest WEGF was detected in Repartida goats (200 eggs per gram of feces). The average Famacha score was 2.77. Average linkage was the method that best summarized the information on the morphometric and carcass data. The use of morphometric and carcass measurements provides satisfactory results in the phenotypic characterization of the animals. The Brazilian creole goats, which are considered resistant to worm infection and show high-quality carcass traits, may be indicated for conservation and genetic breeding programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273148.v1
title: Resistance of Manihot esculenta and its intraspecific hybrids to the whitefly Aleurothrixus aepim (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance of Manihot esculenta and its hybrids (M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia and M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. peruviana) to the whitefly (Aleurothrixus aepim). The trial was carried out in a greenhouse from October to December 2015, and it was based on a completely randomized design with eight treatments (eight genotypes). The evaluated variables and replicates were the following: duration of the developmental phases of the whitefly (nine replicates); nymphal viability (nine replicates); egg viability (five replicates); period of incubation (five replicates); and number of eggs (three replicates). Trichome counting (nine replicates) and the colorimetric analysis (nine replicates) were also performed. The 'Ecuador 72' genotype promoted the lowest value for viability of the immature development phase (44.89%), showing an antibiosis effect on A. aepim. The FLA 003 genotype (a wild accession of M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia) and the F1 011 (M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia) and PE 001 (M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. peruviana) hybrids showed resistance by antixenosis and were the less preferred for oviposition. The 'Ecuador 72', FLA 003, F1 011, and PE 001 genotypes can be used as sources to obtain new, resistant cultivars of cassava.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273148
title: Resistance of Manihot esculenta and its intraspecific hybrids to the whitefly Aleurothrixus aepim (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the resistance of Manihot esculenta and its hybrids (M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia and M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. peruviana) to the whitefly (Aleurothrixus aepim). The trial was carried out in a greenhouse from October to December 2015, and it was based on a completely randomized design with eight treatments (eight genotypes). The evaluated variables and replicates were the following: duration of the developmental phases of the whitefly (nine replicates); nymphal viability (nine replicates); egg viability (five replicates); period of incubation (five replicates); and number of eggs (three replicates). Trichome counting (nine replicates) and the colorimetric analysis (nine replicates) were also performed. The 'Ecuador 72' genotype promoted the lowest value for viability of the immature development phase (44.89%), showing an antibiosis effect on A. aepim. The FLA 003 genotype (a wild accession of M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia) and the F1 011 (M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. flabellifolia) and PE 001 (M. esculenta x M. esculenta ssp. peruviana) hybrids showed resistance by antixenosis and were the less preferred for oviposition. The 'Ecuador 72', FLA 003, F1 011, and PE 001 genotypes can be used as sources to obtain new, resistant cultivars of cassava.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273370
title: Relationship among Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and vegetative-reproductive variables in pear in Brazil

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship among Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and vegetative-reproductive variables of three European pear cultivars in Southern Brazil. The Packham’s Triumph, Abate Fetel, and Williams pear cultivars were assessed regarding Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and natural leaf fall every two weeks, from the appearance of the first symptoms at the beginning of January until the end of April, during the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 crop seasons. The vegetative and reproductive variables were evaluated in July, during the dormant period. Data on Entomosporium severity were integrated over time and converted into the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The coefficient of determination (R2) of the linear regression of Entomosporium severity versus defoliation was significant for all studied cultivars and crop seasons. Defoliation in trees affected by Entomosporium was significantly higher than natural leaf fall in the control trees protected by fungicides. A negative correlation was observed among defoliation, branch fertility index, and plant height, indicating that the higher the defoliation, the lower the development of the vegetative and reproductive variables plant height and vigor. Entomosporium severity differed significantly among cultivars when the AUDPC was considered the differentiating epidemiological variable. The Abate Fetel and Williams pear cultivars are the most susceptible and resistant to Entomosporium, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273370.v1
title: Relationship among Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and vegetative-reproductive variables in pear in Brazil

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship among Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and vegetative-reproductive variables of three European pear cultivars in Southern Brazil. The Packham’s Triumph, Abate Fetel, and Williams pear cultivars were assessed regarding Entomosporium severity, defoliation, and natural leaf fall every two weeks, from the appearance of the first symptoms at the beginning of January until the end of April, during the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 crop seasons. The vegetative and reproductive variables were evaluated in July, during the dormant period. Data on Entomosporium severity were integrated over time and converted into the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). The coefficient of determination (R2) of the linear regression of Entomosporium severity versus defoliation was significant for all studied cultivars and crop seasons. Defoliation in trees affected by Entomosporium was significantly higher than natural leaf fall in the control trees protected by fungicides. A negative correlation was observed among defoliation, branch fertility index, and plant height, indicating that the higher the defoliation, the lower the development of the vegetative and reproductive variables plant height and vigor. Entomosporium severity differed significantly among cultivars when the AUDPC was considered the differentiating epidemiological variable. The Abate Fetel and Williams pear cultivars are the most susceptible and resistant to Entomosporium, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7390631
title: Livestock intensification potential in Brazil based on agricultural census and satellite data analysis

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of livestock intensification in Brazil. Beef cattle stocking rates were estimated according to agricultural census data on livestock production in Brazilian municipalities. Pasture carrying capacity was obtained by combining moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (Modis) images of gross primary productivity and data on dry matter demand per animal unit (AU). Cattle stocking rate for Brazil, in 2014/2015, was 0.97 AU ha-1, and the carrying capacity was 3.60 AU ha-1; therefore, there is an average livestock intensification potential of 2.63 AU ha-1. The highest average intensification potential was observed for the Southern region (3.62 AU ha-1), and the lowest for the Northern (2.13 AU ha-1) and Northeastern regions (2.22 AU ha-1). It is possible to estimate cattle stocking rate, pasture carrying capacity, and potential of livestock intensification by integrating data on agricultural census and remote sensing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7390631.v1
title: Livestock intensification potential in Brazil based on agricultural census and satellite data analysis

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential of livestock intensification in Brazil. Beef cattle stocking rates were estimated according to agricultural census data on livestock production in Brazilian municipalities. Pasture carrying capacity was obtained by combining moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (Modis) images of gross primary productivity and data on dry matter demand per animal unit (AU). Cattle stocking rate for Brazil, in 2014/2015, was 0.97 AU ha-1, and the carrying capacity was 3.60 AU ha-1; therefore, there is an average livestock intensification potential of 2.63 AU ha-1. The highest average intensification potential was observed for the Southern region (3.62 AU ha-1), and the lowest for the Northern (2.13 AU ha-1) and Northeastern regions (2.22 AU ha-1). It is possible to estimate cattle stocking rate, pasture carrying capacity, and potential of livestock intensification by integrating data on agricultural census and remote sensing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506440
title: Viability of peach palm by-product, Spirulina platensis, and spinach for the enrichment of dehydrated soup

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to develop dehydrated soup formulations using flour from peach palm by-product (PPB), Spirulina platensis or spinach, as well as to evaluate their composition by physical, chemical, instrumental, and sensory methods. Four formulations were developed: standard, PPB flour, PPB flour and S. platensis, and PPB flour and spinach. The samples were analyzed for proximate composition, chlorophyll content, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, color, viscosity, water absorption, and microbiological parameters. The sensory characterization was performed by the check-all-that-apply method. The soups containing spinach or S. platensis presented the highest protein contents of 3.3 and 4.6 g 100 g-1, respectively. The soups formulated with the microalgae S. platensis showed higher contents of fibers, lipids, and antioxidants. Changes were observed in the color and viscosity of the soups. The standard dehydrated soup was characterized as shiny, creamy, with seasoning flavor and fragments, and a pale-yellow color; the formulation with spinach, as grainy, with an herb odor and flavor, seasoning fragments, and a dark-green color; and with S. platensis, with herb flavor, seasoning fragments, and a dark-green color. The developed formulations are within the microbiological standards for food established by the Brazilian legislation. The sensory analysis revealed a new market niche, and the soups containing PPB and S. platensis showed good acceptability. Peach palm flour, Spirulina platensis, and spinach are alternatives for the nutritional enrichment of dehydrated soups with high protein, ash, fiber, and antioxidant contents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506440.v1
title: Viability of peach palm by-product, Spirulina platensis, and spinach for the enrichment of dehydrated soup

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to develop dehydrated soup formulations using flour from peach palm by-product (PPB), Spirulina platensis or spinach, as well as to evaluate their composition by physical, chemical, instrumental, and sensory methods. Four formulations were developed: standard, PPB flour, PPB flour and S. platensis, and PPB flour and spinach. The samples were analyzed for proximate composition, chlorophyll content, total phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, color, viscosity, water absorption, and microbiological parameters. The sensory characterization was performed by the check-all-that-apply method. The soups containing spinach or S. platensis presented the highest protein contents of 3.3 and 4.6 g 100 g-1, respectively. The soups formulated with the microalgae S. platensis showed higher contents of fibers, lipids, and antioxidants. Changes were observed in the color and viscosity of the soups. The standard dehydrated soup was characterized as shiny, creamy, with seasoning flavor and fragments, and a pale-yellow color; the formulation with spinach, as grainy, with an herb odor and flavor, seasoning fragments, and a dark-green color; and with S. platensis, with herb flavor, seasoning fragments, and a dark-green color. The developed formulations are within the microbiological standards for food established by the Brazilian legislation. The sensory analysis revealed a new market niche, and the soups containing PPB and S. platensis showed good acceptability. Peach palm flour, Spirulina platensis, and spinach are alternatives for the nutritional enrichment of dehydrated soups with high protein, ash, fiber, and antioxidant contents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7513259
title: Soil quality and soybean productivity in crop-livestock integrated system in no-tillage

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of the soil and its relation with soybean (Glycine max) yield in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), with intercropping between grasses and legumes in the pasture phase. The experiment was carried out in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, on a dystrophic Oxisol, in which grasses (Megathyrsus maximus 'BRS Tamani' and Urochloa brizantha 'BRS Piatã'), intercropped with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata 'BRS Tumucumaque') and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan 'BRS Mandarim'), were cultivated after soybean harvest. A randomized complete block design was used, with three replicates, in a split-plot arrangement, in which grasses were considered as plots, and legumes as subplots. Legume intercrops provided increases of C and total N stocks. The intercrops caused the increase of C and N of the microbial biomass, whereas the single cultures contributed to stress in the soil microbiota. The activity of the urease enzyme was sensitive to management changes in the short term, but acid phosphatase and β-glucosidase were poorly sensitive indicators. Soil quality is high with intercropping between grasses and legumes, with positive effects on soybean grain yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7513259.v1
title: Soil quality and soybean productivity in crop-livestock integrated system in no-tillage

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of the soil and its relation with soybean (Glycine max) yield in an integrated crop-livestock system (ICLS), with intercropping between grasses and legumes in the pasture phase. The experiment was carried out in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, on a dystrophic Oxisol, in which grasses (Megathyrsus maximus 'BRS Tamani' and Urochloa brizantha 'BRS Piatã'), intercropped with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata 'BRS Tumucumaque') and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan 'BRS Mandarim'), were cultivated after soybean harvest. A randomized complete block design was used, with three replicates, in a split-plot arrangement, in which grasses were considered as plots, and legumes as subplots. Legume intercrops provided increases of C and total N stocks. The intercrops caused the increase of C and N of the microbial biomass, whereas the single cultures contributed to stress in the soil microbiota. The activity of the urease enzyme was sensitive to management changes in the short term, but acid phosphatase and β-glucosidase were poorly sensitive indicators. Soil quality is high with intercropping between grasses and legumes, with positive effects on soybean grain yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944641
title: Macronutrient uptake and export in transgenic corn under two levels of fertilization

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate macronutrient uptake and export by transgenic corn hybrids under medium and high fertilization levels. For each fertilization level, a randomized complete block design was carried out in the summer crop season, under no-tillage and supplementary irrigation, with four cultivars and four replicates. Plants were sampled throughout the entire cycle and separated into leaves, stalk, husk, cob, and grains for the determination of dry matter mass and accumulation of macronutrients in the different growth stages. Under the high fertilization level, a greater dry matter mass and nutrient uptake were observed, but grain yield was similar to that under the medium fertilization level. The uptake of N, P, Ca, Mg, and S occurs until later in the cycle of the transgenic cultivars, which also showed lower concentrations of P, K, and S in grains, when compared to older hybrids. The differential behavior of the evaluated cultivars under different fertilization levels indicates the need of updating and improving nutritional management and fertilizer recommendations for the corn crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944641.v1
title: Macronutrient uptake and export in transgenic corn under two levels of fertilization

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate macronutrient uptake and export by transgenic corn hybrids under medium and high fertilization levels. For each fertilization level, a randomized complete block design was carried out in the summer crop season, under no-tillage and supplementary irrigation, with four cultivars and four replicates. Plants were sampled throughout the entire cycle and separated into leaves, stalk, husk, cob, and grains for the determination of dry matter mass and accumulation of macronutrients in the different growth stages. Under the high fertilization level, a greater dry matter mass and nutrient uptake were observed, but grain yield was similar to that under the medium fertilization level. The uptake of N, P, Ca, Mg, and S occurs until later in the cycle of the transgenic cultivars, which also showed lower concentrations of P, K, and S in grains, when compared to older hybrids. The differential behavior of the evaluated cultivars under different fertilization levels indicates the need of updating and improving nutritional management and fertilizer recommendations for the corn crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944643
title: Airborne laser scanning applied to eucalyptus stand inventory at individual tree level

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the application of airborne laser scanning (ALS) to a large-scale eucalyptus stand inventory by the method of individual trees, as well as to propose a new method to estimate tree diameter as a function of the height obtained from point clouds. The study was carried out in a forest area of 1,681 ha, consisting of eight eucalyptus stands with ages varying from four to seven years. After scanning, tree heights were obtained using the local maxima algorithm, and total wood stock by summing up individual volumes. To determine tree diameters, regressions fit using data measured in the inventory plots were used. The results were compared with the estimates obtained from field sampling. The equation system proposed is adequate to be applied to the tree height data derived from ALS point clouds. The tree individualization approach by local maxima filters is efficient to estimate number of trees and wood stock from ALS data, as long as the results are previously calibrated with field data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944643.v1
title: Airborne laser scanning applied to eucalyptus stand inventory at individual tree level

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the application of airborne laser scanning (ALS) to a large-scale eucalyptus stand inventory by the method of individual trees, as well as to propose a new method to estimate tree diameter as a function of the height obtained from point clouds. The study was carried out in a forest area of 1,681 ha, consisting of eight eucalyptus stands with ages varying from four to seven years. After scanning, tree heights were obtained using the local maxima algorithm, and total wood stock by summing up individual volumes. To determine tree diameters, regressions fit using data measured in the inventory plots were used. The results were compared with the estimates obtained from field sampling. The equation system proposed is adequate to be applied to the tree height data derived from ALS point clouds. The tree individualization approach by local maxima filters is efficient to estimate number of trees and wood stock from ALS data, as long as the results are previously calibrated with field data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8988257
title: Assessment of somaclonal variation in indirect morphogenesis-derived plants of Arracacia xanthorrhiza

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to induce and detect somaclonal variation in arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) plants regenerated via indirect morphogenesis, in order to evaluate the potential of this technique to produce new genotypes for breeding purposes of this crop. Calli were induced from petiole segments on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplied with 0.1 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The regeneration of plants via indirect morphogenesis was carried out on half-strength MS medium without plant growth regulators. Fifteen randomly chosen plants were subjected to flow cytometry and “inter-simple sequence repeat” (ISSR) analysis. Ploidy level remained stable in all tested regenerants (2n=4x=44), with no changes in the genome. Eighteen ISSR primers produced a total of 1,584 fragments in all samples. Two ISSR primers produced four polymorphic fragments in 26.7% of the tested samples. Somaclonal variation in arracacha is a result of plant regeneration via indirect morphogenesis and can be detected by ISSR markers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8988257.v1
title: Assessment of somaclonal variation in indirect morphogenesis-derived plants of Arracacia xanthorrhiza

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to induce and detect somaclonal variation in arracacha (Arracacia xanthorrhiza) plants regenerated via indirect morphogenesis, in order to evaluate the potential of this technique to produce new genotypes for breeding purposes of this crop. Calli were induced from petiole segments on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplied with 0.1 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The regeneration of plants via indirect morphogenesis was carried out on half-strength MS medium without plant growth regulators. Fifteen randomly chosen plants were subjected to flow cytometry and “inter-simple sequence repeat” (ISSR) analysis. Ploidy level remained stable in all tested regenerants (2n=4x=44), with no changes in the genome. Eighteen ISSR primers produced a total of 1,584 fragments in all samples. Two ISSR primers produced four polymorphic fragments in 26.7% of the tested samples. Somaclonal variation in arracacha is a result of plant regeneration via indirect morphogenesis and can be detected by ISSR markers.