cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18739/a2pc2tb0b
title: Surface and subsurface hydro-geophysical measurements, Midtre Lovenbreen glacier forefield, Svalbard. Aug 2021 - Oct 2022

description: Surface and subsurface hydrogeochemical measurements collected from three sites in the Midtre Lovenbreen (ML) glacier forefield (Svalbard), from 31 Jul 20211 - 05 Oct 2022. Measurements consist of soil volumetric water content (meter^3/meter^3), soil temperature in Celsius (deg C), soil electric conductivity in microsiemens per centimeter (uS/cm), soil dielectric permittivity (m^3/m^3) at multiple sensor depths, surface snow depth in millimeters (mm), and near-surface air temperature at 2m (deg C).
 Subsurface time domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements are repeated for 24 sensors at sites 1 and 2, with four boreholes of six sensors each, with the following convention: sensorOne is the uppermost sensor in borehole 1, sensorSix is the lowermost sensor in borehole 1, sensorSeven is the uppermost sensor in borehole 2, sensorTwelve is the lowermost sensor in borehole 2. Site 3 has only 1 borehole with six sensors.Installation depths for the sensors can be found in the borehole notes file. Snow depth sensor measurements contain error from damaged sensors and are unreliable.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.sd54cy
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 9 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Vipera berus (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Cyprus, Georgia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of), Korea, Republic of, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lebanon, Macao, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, State of, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Türkiye, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Yemen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 9 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016959-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3njubt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 25 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-85.14920 -17.35654,-66.60391 -17.35654,-66.60391 -9.94160,-85.14920 -9.94160,-85.14920 -17.35654))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Chenopodium album L."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 25 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016961-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.n8bh4n
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Vipera berus (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, British Indian Ocean Territory, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Congo, Democratic Republic of the, Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, French Southern Territories, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016963-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.u3burr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 137 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Androsace hausmannii Leyb."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 137 records from 19 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016965-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.8yur6j
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1178 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Observation, Human Observation, Material sample, Occurrence evidence, Living Specimen)",
 "Country is United States of America",
 "DatasetKey is one of (VectorBase (Bioinformatics Resource for Invertebrate Vectors of Human Pathogens), Mosquito Alert Dataset, iNaturalist Research-grade Observations)",
 "GadmGid is USA.10_1",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "PublishingOrg is one of (5db132f5-ce3f-47a3-a32b-6796c159962c, 28eb1a3f-1c15-4a95-931a-4af90ecb574d)",
 "TaxonKey is Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762)",
 "Year 2019-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1178 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016966-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cck738
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Vipera berus (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (American Samoa, Australia, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016967-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29219165
title: Modified Water: Toward Alternative Energy – Nanobatteries

description: This research presents a theoretical model for a novel nano-scale energy storage system that utilizes modified water as the core medium. The system integrates silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), boron nanostructures, and a weak magnetic field to enhance electron mobility and structural stability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29219165.v1
title: Modified Water: Toward Alternative Energy – Nanobatteries

description: This research presents a theoretical model for a novel nano-scale energy storage system that utilizes modified water as the core medium. The system integrates silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), boron nanostructures, and a weak magnetic field to enhance electron mobility and structural stability.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.33hczn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 692710 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Country is one of (Canada, Mexico, United States of America)",
 "EventDate is greater than or equal to 2025-05-08",
 "EventDate is less than or equal to 2025-06-07",
 {
 "not" : {
 "Issue" : [
 "is one of (Basis of record invalid, Coordinate reprojection failed, Coordinate reprojection suspicious, Coordinate precision invalid, Coordinate uncertainty meters invalid, Country mismatch, Country invalid, Geodetic datum invalid, Presumed swapped coordinate, Presumed negated longitude, Presumed negated latitude, Country coordinate mismatch)"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 692710 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016956-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29208950
title: genes associated with brainmetastases in the GeneCards database

description: genes associated with brainmetastases in the GeneCards database supporting the manuscript "Integrative Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Identifies CYP27A1 as a Ferroptosis Regulator and Prognostic Biomarker in Lung Adenocarcinoma Brain Metastasis
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29208950.v1
title: genes associated with brainmetastases in the GeneCards database

description: genes associated with brainmetastases in the GeneCards database supporting the manuscript "Integrative Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Identifies CYP27A1 as a Ferroptosis Regulator and Prognostic Biomarker in Lung Adenocarcinoma Brain Metastasis
DOI: 10.15468/dl.36ed9k
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 104646 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Vipera berus (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (Åland Islands, Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Guernsey, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Isle of Man, Italy, Jersey, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, Republic of, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 104646 records from 421 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016962-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.kuj9b2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 20587 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Helicobacteraceae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 20587 records from 411 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016971-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15549654
title: IDSIOTDatasetAndCode
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cphb44
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Cyprus, Georgia, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Korea (Democratic People’s Republic of), Korea, Republic of, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lebanon, Macao, Malaysia, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, State of, Philippines, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Türkiye, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, Yemen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016976-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vsychh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 6977 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Draba dubia Suter"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 6977 records from 134 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016977-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.254an3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 26304 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bouvet Island, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), French Guiana, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin (French part), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Sint Maarten (Dutch part), South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Virgin Islands (British), Virgin Islands (U.S.))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 26304 records from 21 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016975-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xx7sum
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 19705 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is DFO Pacific Outside North Hard Bottom Longline Surveys",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-130.89779 51.82452,-131.28697 52.30304,-132.06534 52.92194,-132.56571 53.57615,-132.76957 54.00312,-132.75104 54.35022,-133.34408 54.37182,-133.52311 53.93071,-133.20806 53.19323,-132.72622 52.73559,-131.6328 52.07988,-130.89779 51.82452))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 19705 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016978-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ucjkgn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1002 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (American Samoa, Australia, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Guam, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, United States Minor Outlying Islands, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1002 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016981-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2d5xmy
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 45 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Occurrence evidence, Observation)",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Limosa haemastica (Linnaeus, 1758))",
 "Country is one of (Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, British Indian Ocean Territory, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Congo, Democratic Republic of the, Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, French Southern Territories, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 45 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016982-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ap3ngt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 129 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is North America",
 "Country is Mexico",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Eupsittula canicularis (Linnaeus, 1758)",
 "Year 2025-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 129 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016986-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.38n6ch
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 37665 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 37665 records from 297 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016985-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.cf5xbr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1335 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is Asia",
 "Country is Japan",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Polygonum L.",
 "Year 1900-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1335 records from 58 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016987-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.a9czgn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 296 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is VectorBase (Bioinformatics Resource for Invertebrate Vectors of Human Pathogens)"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 296 records were derived from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016979-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ej9nss
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 37665 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 37665 records from 297 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0016988-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.kxysfv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 12855 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Trapa natans",
 "Country is United States of America",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 12855 records from 35 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0025733-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/ih-ess-meta
title: Replication data for: Meta-analysis of Studies 3 and 4 of "The Inherence Heuristic as a Source of Essentialist Thought"

description: Data file associated with meta-analysis of Studies 3 and 4 from "The Inherence Heuristic as a Source of Essentialist Thought" Potentially identifiable information (IP addresses, demographic data) has been removed. Please contact the authors if you require these data.
description: 22, 22
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/ik3dgt
title: Replication Data for: How Valuable is a Legislative Seat? Incumbency Effects in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies

description: In many developing countries, national legislative seats are considered less valuable than (subnational) executive positions. Even then, ambitious politicians may find a legislative seat valuable for two reasons: (a) as a window of opportunity for jumping to an executive office; or (b) as a consolation prize when no better option is available. Using a regression discontinuity design adapted to a PR setting, we examine these possibilities in the Argentine Chamber of Deputies between 1983 and 2011. In line with the consolation prize story, we find that marginal candidates from the Peronist party – which often controls the provincial governorship – are more likely to be renominated and serve an additional term in the legislature, but not necessarily to jump to an executive office. The effect is stronger in small provinces.