DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8931zcrwb
title: Data from: Repeated parallel differentiation of social learning differences in benthic and limnetic threespine stickleback fish

description: Individuals can reduce sampling costs and increase foraging efficiency by
 using information provided by others. One simple form of social
 information use is delayed local enhancement, or increased interest in a
 location because of the past presence of others. We tested for delayed
 local enhancement in two ecomorphs of stickleback fish, benthic and
 limnetic, from three different lakes with putative independent
 evolutionary origins. Two of these lakes have reproductively isolated
 ecomorphs (‘species-pairs’), whereas in the third a previously intact
 species-pair recently collapsed into a hybrid swarm. Benthic fish in both
 intact species-pair lakes were more likely to exhibit delayed local
 enhancement despite being more solitary than limnetic fish. Their
 behaviour and morphology suggest their current perceived risk and past
 evolutionary pressure from predation did not drive this difference. In the
 hybrid swarm lake, we found a reversal in patterns of social information
 use, with limnetic-looking fish showing delayed local enhancement rather
 than benthic-looking fish. Together, our results strongly support parallel
 differentiation of social learning differences in recently evolved fish
 species, although hybridization can apparently erode and possibly even
 reverse these differences.
description: Methods used to generate the dataset can be found in the
 associated manuscript. The full analysis script for recreating statistics
 and figures is included as part of this submission.
description: Data files are csv format. We used R v 4.0.2 for analysis.
 Necessary packages are listed in the code: ggplot2, car, MASS,
 AER.
description: # Repeated parallel differentiation of social learning differences in
 benthic and limnetic threespine stickleback fish --- Stickleback fish were
 tested in a delayed local enhancement paradigm where observers could see
 two demonstrator shoals, one of which was fed reward items and the other
 was not in special feeders that prevented the observer from seeing the
 food itself, but instead only the behavior of the demonstrator shoals.
 Once demonstrators were removed, observers were given the opportunity to
 explore the tank and their side preference was observed. ## Description of
 the data and file structure There are two data files: **Delayed Local
 Enhancement Trial Metadata.csv** - information about each delayed local
 enhancement trial, including ones featuring populations that were not the
 focus of our manuscript. Mistrial: flag indicating if a trial was a
 mistrial (Y/N). Mistrials were because of experimenter error. Did not
 move: flag indicating if a fish did not move after being released (Y/N).
 Trials where fish did not move were not used in analyses. Trial: trial
 number. The first 10 trial were part of a pilot study to finesse methods
 and are thus not included here. Date: trial date (month/day/year) Acc
 Start: when fish was placed in acclimation tank (HH:MM) Acc Stop: when
 acclimation stopped (HH:MM) Exp Start: when the experiment started (HH:MM)
 Exp End: when the experiment ended (HH:MM) Obs: initials of person
 observing the fish Tank: tank the fish came from Lake: observer
 fish's lake of origin
 (Paxton-Wild/Priest-Wild/Enos-Wild/HQ-Wild/Cranby-Wild/Paxton-Wild U
 River). HQ = Heischolt Quarry Species: observer fish's species
 (Benthic/Limnetic/Single) Sex: observer fish's sex (M/F) Rich Side
 (Actual): rich (local enhancement) side (L/R) Rich Side (Screen): rich
 (local enhancement) side on the monitor (L/R) Weight: observer fish weight
 (g). NA values correspond to missing data. **JWatcher Data.csv** - summary
 data from the JWatcher files generated from trials in which fish moved.
 Trial - trial number Lake - observer fish's lake of origin
 (Paxton-Wild/Priest-Wild/Enos-Wild/HQ-Wild/Cranby-Wild/Paxton-Wild U
 River). HQ = Heischolt Quarry Species - observer fish species. observer
 fish's species (Benthic/Limnetic/Single) Sex - observer fish sex
 (M/F) Time.Left - time spent on the left side of the tank (ms) in the
 first 90s Time.Right - time spent on the right side of the tank (ms) in
 the first 90s Time.Center - time spent in the center of the tank (ms) in
 the first 90s Total.Time - total time spent in the tank (ms). This was a
 sanity check; should be 90000 ms for everyone Correct.Side - the correct
 (local enhancement) side on the monitor (L/R) Chose.Correct - whether fish
 chose the correct side first in the five minute trial (1 = Y, 0 = No, NA =
 never left center) Time.Correct - the total time on the correct (local
 enhancement) side (ms) in the first 90s Prop.Time.Correct - preference
 score; the time (out of 90s) spent on the correct (local enhancement) side
 minus the time spent on the incorrect (control) side divided by the total
 time spent on either side. Test.Latency - the latency to move (s)
 Time.Plant - the time hiding under the plant (ms) ## Code/Software The R
 analysis code is Delayed Local Enhancement.R which can be used to generate
 the statistics and figures in our manuscript. We used R v 4.0.2. Necessary
 packages are listed in the code: ggplot2, car, MASS, AER.