cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12011274.v1
title: The interplay between the importance of a decision and emotion in decision-making

description: Decision-making literature has demonstrated that individuals’ preferences are strongly affected by the way in which choices are presented. This cognitive bias, termed the framing effect, is influenced by the importance of the possible outcomes that a decision can have. However, the direction of this influence remains poorly understood. The aim of this paper was to examine the role of the importance of a decision in framing susceptibility and to explore a potential mechanism underlying this influence. Our first study revealed that participants display a framing effect when their decision implies a high importance outcome, but resist framing manipulation when their decision implies a low importance outcome. Our second study confirmed that an increase in the importance of a decision is associated with increasing framing susceptibility. Moreover, a moderated mediation analysis revealed that the more a decision was important, the more the gain and loss frames aroused opposite emotions, and this accounted for the increase in framing susceptibility. The results of these two studies confirmed that an increase in the importance of a decision is associated with increasing framing susceptibility and suggest that this influence on framing susceptibility is underpinned by emotion. Implications and direction for future studies are discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13186584
title: Surviving in a second language: survival processing effect in memory of bilinguals

description: Human memory likely evolved to serve adaptive functions, that is, to help maximise our chances of survival and reproduction. One demonstration of such adaptiveness is the increased retention of information processed in survival contexts, the so-called Survival Processing Effect (SPE). This study examined this effect in a native (L1) and in a second language (L2). This comparison is relevant to explore if emotionality is involved in the SPE, as emotional activation seems to be larger in L1 than in L2. Following the original survival processing procedure, participants rated the relevance of information to the survival and moving scenarios and performed a recognition (Experiment 1) or a free recall (Experiment 2) task in L1 or L2. In both experiments, the SPE was replicated in L1 but not in L2. The absence of the effect when emotional activation is less likely suggests that emotionality might play a role in the survival processing effect; nevertheless, additional studies are needed to further investigate this hypothesis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13186584.v1
title: Surviving in a second language: survival processing effect in memory of bilinguals

description: Human memory likely evolved to serve adaptive functions, that is, to help maximise our chances of survival and reproduction. One demonstration of such adaptiveness is the increased retention of information processed in survival contexts, the so-called Survival Processing Effect (SPE). This study examined this effect in a native (L1) and in a second language (L2). This comparison is relevant to explore if emotionality is involved in the SPE, as emotional activation seems to be larger in L1 than in L2. Following the original survival processing procedure, participants rated the relevance of information to the survival and moving scenarios and performed a recognition (Experiment 1) or a free recall (Experiment 2) task in L1 or L2. In both experiments, the SPE was replicated in L1 but not in L2. The absence of the effect when emotional activation is less likely suggests that emotionality might play a role in the survival processing effect; nevertheless, additional studies are needed to further investigate this hypothesis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13199778
title: This time it’s personal: reappraisal after acquired brain injury

description: Reappraisal is a widely investigated emotion regulation strategy, often impaired in those with acquired brain injury (ABI). Little is known, however, about the tools to measure this capacity in patients, who may find traditional reappraisal tasks difficult. Fifty-five participants with ABI, and thirty-five healthy controls (HCs), completed reappraisal tasks with personal and impersonal emotion elicitation components, questionnaires measuring reappraisal (the ERQ-CA), and neuropsychological assessment. The main findings demonstrated that both groups produced more reappraisals, and rated their reappraisal ideas as more <i>effective</i> for personal stimuli. The ABI group were significantly <i>faster</i> to generate reappraisals for personal, compared to impersonal, stimuli. Yet, participants with ABI performed worse than HCs on the majority of reappraisal components, across both reappraisal tasks. Results of regression analyses revealed significant relationships between certain measures of cognitive control and certain reappraisal components, which varied for the personal and impersonal reappraisal task. Notably, while inhibition predicted aspects of reappraisal in both the ABI and HC group, working memory was only related to reappraisal in participants with ABI. The study suggests that personal context plays a key role in reappraisal, and proposes a model to better understand the role of cognitive control across the reappraisal process.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12115338
title: Can compassion, happiness and sympathetic concern be differentiated on the basis of facial expression?

description: Recent research has demonstrated the importance of positive emotions, and especially compassion, for well-being. Via two investigations, we set out to determine if facial expressions of happiness, “kind” compassion and sympathetic concern can be distinguished, given limitations of previous research. In investigation one, prototypes of the three expressions were analysed for similarities and differences using the facial action coding system (FACS) by two certified independent coders. Results established that each expression comprised distinct FACS units. Thus, in investigation 2, a new photographic stimulus set was developed using a gender/racially balanced group of actors to pose these expressions of “kind” compassion, happiness, sympathetic concern, and the face in a relaxed/neutral pose. 75 participants were then asked to name the FACS generated expressions using not only forced categorical quantitative ratings but, importantly, free response. Results revealed that kind compassionate facial expressions: (i) engendered words associated with contented and affiliative emotions (although, interestingly, not the word “kind”); (ii) were labelled as compassionate significantly more often than any of the other emotional expressions; but (iii) in common with happiness expressions, engendered happiness word groupings and ratings. Findings have implications for understandings of positive emotions, including specificity of expressions and their veridicality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12115338.v1
title: Can compassion, happiness and sympathetic concern be differentiated on the basis of facial expression?

description: Recent research has demonstrated the importance of positive emotions, and especially compassion, for well-being. Via two investigations, we set out to determine if facial expressions of happiness, “kind” compassion and sympathetic concern can be distinguished, given limitations of previous research. In investigation one, prototypes of the three expressions were analysed for similarities and differences using the facial action coding system (FACS) by two certified independent coders. Results established that each expression comprised distinct FACS units. Thus, in investigation 2, a new photographic stimulus set was developed using a gender/racially balanced group of actors to pose these expressions of “kind” compassion, happiness, sympathetic concern, and the face in a relaxed/neutral pose. 75 participants were then asked to name the FACS generated expressions using not only forced categorical quantitative ratings but, importantly, free response. Results revealed that kind compassionate facial expressions: (i) engendered words associated with contented and affiliative emotions (although, interestingly, not the word “kind”); (ii) were labelled as compassionate significantly more often than any of the other emotional expressions; but (iii) in common with happiness expressions, engendered happiness word groupings and ratings. Findings have implications for understandings of positive emotions, including specificity of expressions and their veridicality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12085533
title: Emotional expressivity of the observer mediates recognition of affective states from human body movements

description: Research on human motion perception shows that people are highly adept at inferring emotional states from body movements. Yet, this process is mediated by a number of individual factors and experiences. Within this study, we tackle two questions. Firstly, we ask which part of the body transmits the key information that is used to infer affective states. Secondly, we address how the observer’s own emotional expressivity influences the recognition process. We used two types of impoverished point-light displays depicting the same emotional interactions as either arm or trunk movements. Results showed that participants used different sources of information in an emotion-specific manner. Participants with richer self-reported emotional expressivity showed higher recognition accuracies overall but also benefited more from information delivered by arm gestures. We interpret our findings in terms of embodied simulation, suggesting that emotion perception constitutes a function of the expressing body and the individual observer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13199778.v1
title: This time it’s personal: reappraisal after acquired brain injury

description: Reappraisal is a widely investigated emotion regulation strategy, often impaired in those with acquired brain injury (ABI). Little is known, however, about the tools to measure this capacity in patients, who may find traditional reappraisal tasks difficult. Fifty-five participants with ABI, and thirty-five healthy controls (HCs), completed reappraisal tasks with personal and impersonal emotion elicitation components, questionnaires measuring reappraisal (the ERQ-CA), and neuropsychological assessment. The main findings demonstrated that both groups produced more reappraisals, and rated their reappraisal ideas as more <i>effective</i> for personal stimuli. The ABI group were significantly <i>faster</i> to generate reappraisals for personal, compared to impersonal, stimuli. Yet, participants with ABI performed worse than HCs on the majority of reappraisal components, across both reappraisal tasks. Results of regression analyses revealed significant relationships between certain measures of cognitive control and certain reappraisal components, which varied for the personal and impersonal reappraisal task. Notably, while inhibition predicted aspects of reappraisal in both the ABI and HC group, working memory was only related to reappraisal in participants with ABI. The study suggests that personal context plays a key role in reappraisal, and proposes a model to better understand the role of cognitive control across the reappraisal process.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12129051.v1
title: Cultural differences in coping with interpersonal tensions lead to divergent shorter- and longer-term affective consequences

description: Culture influences how people cope with interpersonal tensions, with those from more collectivistic contexts (e.g. Chinese Americans (CA)) generally opting for strategies promoting social harmony whereas those from more individualistic contexts (e.g. European Americans (EA)) preferring confrontational strategies. The current study examined cultural differences in coping strategy choices and their linkages to immediate affective reactions and subsequent affective memories. Participants (<i>N </i>= 159) discussed hypothetical dilemmas with a disagreeable confederate matched by age group, gender, and cultural group. CA exhibited less positive affect reactivity (i.e. smaller decreases in positive affect) and greater positive affect recovery (i.e. greater increases in post-task positive affect) compared to EA, which was explained by CAs’ appraisals of greater emotional support from the confederate and lower endorsement of defending one’s opinions. In contrast, one week later, EA, but not CA, recalled experiencing more task positive affect and less task negative affect than originally reported. Cultural differences in negative affect memory discrepancies were explained by EAs’ greater tendency to defend their opinions, relative to CA. Culture shapes coping choices, which predict affective consequences over different time scales.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12129051
title: Cultural differences in coping with interpersonal tensions lead to divergent shorter- and longer-term affective consequences

description: Culture influences how people cope with interpersonal tensions, with those from more collectivistic contexts (e.g. Chinese Americans (CA)) generally opting for strategies promoting social harmony whereas those from more individualistic contexts (e.g. European Americans (EA)) preferring confrontational strategies. The current study examined cultural differences in coping strategy choices and their linkages to immediate affective reactions and subsequent affective memories. Participants (<i>N </i>= 159) discussed hypothetical dilemmas with a disagreeable confederate matched by age group, gender, and cultural group. CA exhibited less positive affect reactivity (i.e. smaller decreases in positive affect) and greater positive affect recovery (i.e. greater increases in post-task positive affect) compared to EA, which was explained by CAs’ appraisals of greater emotional support from the confederate and lower endorsement of defending one’s opinions. In contrast, one week later, EA, but not CA, recalled experiencing more task positive affect and less task negative affect than originally reported. Cultural differences in negative affect memory discrepancies were explained by EAs’ greater tendency to defend their opinions, relative to CA. Culture shapes coping choices, which predict affective consequences over different time scales.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9987896
title: How does the peak-end rule smell? Tracing hedonic experience with odours

description: The peak-end rule predicts that retrospective evaluations of affective events heavily depend on their most intense and last moment and imply duration neglect. It was originally proposed for negative experiences such as painful medical procedures. It is unclear, however, to what degree it also applies to positive experiences. Previously, rigorous comparisons between the two domains were limited due to the use of qualitatively different stimuli. Hence, it is not clear if the peak-end rule holds for short positive and negative experiences alike. To address these questions in a genuinely emotional domain, we conducted two experiments (<i>n</i> = 48 each) in which we used odours as stimuli. Participants repeatedly evaluated continuous odour sequences delivered into their noses via an olfactometer. The sequences differed in valence (positive vs. negative), length (36 vs. 72 s), and trajectory (increasing, decreasing, U-shaped, and inverse U-shaped). Results provide evidence for the peak-end rule for both positive and negative experiences alike. Results further show an overweighting of intense negative experiences for sequences that contain both pleasant and unpleasant episodes but provide little evidence for an effect of the trajectory manipulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9987896.v1
title: How does the peak-end rule smell? Tracing hedonic experience with odours

description: The peak-end rule predicts that retrospective evaluations of affective events heavily depend on their most intense and last moment and imply duration neglect. It was originally proposed for negative experiences such as painful medical procedures. It is unclear, however, to what degree it also applies to positive experiences. Previously, rigorous comparisons between the two domains were limited due to the use of qualitatively different stimuli. Hence, it is not clear if the peak-end rule holds for short positive and negative experiences alike. To address these questions in a genuinely emotional domain, we conducted two experiments (<i>n</i> = 48 each) in which we used odours as stimuli. Participants repeatedly evaluated continuous odour sequences delivered into their noses via an olfactometer. The sequences differed in valence (positive vs. negative), length (36 vs. 72 s), and trajectory (increasing, decreasing, U-shaped, and inverse U-shaped). Results provide evidence for the peak-end rule for both positive and negative experiences alike. Results further show an overweighting of intense negative experiences for sequences that contain both pleasant and unpleasant episodes but provide little evidence for an effect of the trajectory manipulation.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4750862
title: MD simulation trajectory and related files for POPC bilayer with 350mM NaCl (CHARMM36, Gromacs 4.5)

description: Equilibrated POPC lipid bilayer simulation ran with Gromacs 4.5, CHARMM36, 60ns, T=303K, 72 POPC molecules, 2085 water molecules, 13 Na molecules, 13 Cl molecules. This data is used in the NMRLipids II project (nmrlipids.blospot.fi).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.618343
title: MD simulation trajectory and related files for POPC bilayer with 350mM NaCl (CHARMM36, Gromacs 4.5)

description: Equilibrated POPC lipid bilayer simulation ran with Gromacs 4.5, CHARMM36, 60ns, T=303K, 72 POPC molecules, 2085 water molecules, 13 Na molecules, 13 Cl molecules. This data is used in the NMRLipids II project (nmrlipids.blospot.fi).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4749229
title: Augmented emission maps: cold start maps for diesel vehicles (EU4-EU6)

description: In order to enable the sharing of data the emission data for vehicles is standardized. The data exchange format contains all data that is applicable for a specific engine taxonomy code. The standardized emission map has a “.map.txt” extension and is also human readable. The files starts with metadata which contains information about: the engine taxonomy code, total driven kilometers over which the data was gathered, total time in hours over which the data was gathered, the number of vehicles which were tested to create the emission map, the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) reference, Which emission maps are available in the file. The DOI 10.5281/zenodo refers to a meta-data document that provides the full description of the standardized emission map
description: Updated Files Name Structure
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4749228
title: Augmented emission maps: cold start maps for diesel vehicles (EU4-EU6)

description: In order to enable the sharing of data the emission data for vehicles is standardized. The data exchange format contains all data that is applicable for a specific engine taxonomy code. The standardized emission map has a “.map.txt” extension and is also human readable. The files starts with metadata which contains information about: the engine taxonomy code, total driven kilometers over which the data was gathered, total time in hours over which the data was gathered, the number of vehicles which were tested to create the emission map, the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) reference, Which emission maps are available in the file. The DOI 10.5281/zenodo refers to a meta-data document that provides the full description of the standardized emission map
description: Updated Files Name Structure
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4749218
title: Augmented emission maps: cold start maps for petrol vehicles (EU3-EU6)

description: In order to enable the sharing of data the emission data for vehicles is standardized. The data exchange format contains all data that is applicable for a specific engine taxonomy code. The standardized emission map has a “.map.txt” extension and is also human readable. The files starts with metadata which contains information about: the engine taxonomy code, total driven kilometers over which the data was gathered, total time in hours over which the data was gathered, the number of vehicles which were tested to create the emission map, the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) reference, Which emission maps are available in the file. The DOI 10.5281/zenodo refers to a meta-data document that provides the full description of the standardized emission map
description: Updated Files Name Structure
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4749217
title: Augmented emission maps: cold start maps for petrol vehicles (EU3-EU6)

description: In order to enable the sharing of data the emission data for vehicles is standardized. The data exchange format contains all data that is applicable for a specific engine taxonomy code. The standardized emission map has a “.map.txt” extension and is also human readable. The files starts with metadata which contains information about: the engine taxonomy code, total driven kilometers over which the data was gathered, total time in hours over which the data was gathered, the number of vehicles which were tested to create the emission map, the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) reference, Which emission maps are available in the file. The DOI 10.5281/zenodo refers to a meta-data document that provides the full description of the standardized emission map
description: Updated Files Name Structure
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11530539.v1
title: “What has been is what will be”? Autobiographical memory and prediction of future events in depression

description: Depression is associated with negative autobiographical thinking regarding the past and the future. The association between the two temporal dimensions, however, has not been examined. In the present study, 32 participants diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and 32 controls completed a cued-recall task. Participants rated memories for positivity, frequency of occurrence to themselves/others, and expected recurrence, and listed planned social events and expected participation and enjoyment of these events. Memories of individuals diagnosed with MDD (vs. controls) were rated as more negative by both participants and objective coders. Individuals diagnosed with MDD were more negative in their evaluation of past events and in future expectations compared to controls. For both groups, expected recurrence of <i>positive</i> past events was associated with the frequency of these events occurring to oneself. For individuals diagnosed with MDD, however, expected recurrence of <i>negative</i> past events was associated exclusively with the frequency of these events occurring to self and not to others. Expectations for past events’ recurrence predicted increased expected participation and enjoyment from social events in both groups. These results suggest that memory in MDD is associated with more negative future expectations, which may affect mood and motivation.