cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c59zw3r85
title: Motion‐triggered laser photography shows burrowing crayfish activity patterns

description: 1. Burrowing crayfish represent 15% of total crayfish species and 32% of
 imperiled species. Few life history studies exist for these species and
 more information is needed regarding their ecology, population status,
 distribution, and biogeography for effective conservation efforts.
 Challenges to gaining such information include sampling difficulty and
 small sample sizes. Collection efforts may be more efficient if activity
 patterns can be identified for species of interest. The goal of our study
 was to assess specific environmental indicators of burrowing crayfish
 activity patterns. 2. We evaluated activity patterns of two primary
 burrowing crayfish species, Lacunicambarus erythrodactylus Simon &
 Morris, 2014 and Procambarus holifieldi Schuster, Taylor & Adams,
 2015 using laser-triggered digital photography for one-year periods in the
 Bogue Chitto Creek floodplain, Dallas County, Alabama, U.S.A. We predicted
 that activity would be related to time of day, season, groundwater depth,
 and precipitation. 3. Activity by L. erythrodactylus covaried
 significantly with time of day, daylength, groundwater temperature, and
 relative air temperature, while activity by P. holifieldi covaried with
 time of day, season, groundwater temperature, and relative air
 temperature. Additionally, burrow chimney construction by P. holifieldi
 covaried with daylength, groundwater temperature, relative air
 temperature, and precipitation. 4. Out-of-burrow activity for both species
 was greatest at night and during periods of relatively cool groundwater
 temperatures and relatively warm air temperatures, which may be linked to
 thermal regulation behavior. The probability of chimney construction by P.
 holifieldi increased with increasing daylength and decreasing
 precipitation and was highest during periods of cool groundwater
 temperatures and air temperatures. A distinct lull in activity from
 October through March for both species was likely the result of
 reproductive behaviors such as period of egg production and incubation
 within burrows. 5. Identifying peak out-of-burrow activity periods for
 burrowing crayfish will allow collection efforts to be focused on periods
 of greatest activity, thereby facilitating the study of burrowing crayfish
 behavior.
description: Data was collected from March 2017 to May 2019 in the field in
 Orrville, Alabama. It includes crayfish activity data from
 motion-triggered laser photography and corresponding environmental data.
 Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine if crayfish
 activity was related to time of day, daylength, season, air temperature,
 groundwater temperature, precipitation, and groundwater depth.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4tmpg4fbb
title: Development and validation of the Health Belief Model questionnaire to promote smoking cessation for nasopharyngeal cancer prevention: a cross-sectional study

description: Objective: Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) risk factors caused by lifestyle
 choices are substantial yet avoidable. Using the Health Belief Model as a
 conceptual framework, this study develops and validates a questionnaire to
 predict smokers' intentions to quit in Sarawak, Malaysia (HBM).
 Design: A cross sectional study. Setting: Urban and suburban areas in
 Sarawak, Malaysia. Participants: Following a thorough literature study,
 the preliminary items for the instrument were created. Prior to beginning
 the content validity by a panel of 10 experts, the instrument was
 translated into the Malay language utilising the forward-backwards
 approach. 10 smokers carried out face validity in both quantitative and
 qualitative ways. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory
 factor analysis (CFA) were used to assess the instrument's concept
 validity. Phase 1 of the EFA involved 100 smokers, whereas phase 2 of the
 CFA involved 171 smokers. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were used to
 measure internal consistency and assess reliability. Results: The factor
 loading of each item remained within the acceptable threshold in the
 exploratory stage. The final revised CFA yielded the following model fit
 indices that suitably fitted the seven-factor model: Chi Square: 641.705;
 df= 500; P&lt; 0.001; CFI = 0.953; TLI: 0.948; RMSEA= 0.041. With the
 exception of one pairwise construct, satisfactory convergent validity and
 divergent validity were demonstrated. Phases 1 and 2 both have
 Cronbach's alpha values over 0.7, suggesting acceptable internal
 reliability. Conclusions: The study confirmed the validity and reliability
 of the instrument in predicting smokers' tendency to adopt healthy
 behaviour of smoking cessation to lower risk of developing cancer. The
 instrument consists of 34 items, dividing into two sections: 6 HBM
 components and health behavioural intention. The instrument is regarded as
 innovation and can be applicable in other smoking-related malignancies in
 different susceptible populations and geographical locations.
description: Following face and content validation, 100 and 171 local smokers
 took part in phases 1 and 2, respectively, using a convenience sampling
 appraoch. Eight well-trained research assistants helped with the data
 collecting. Prior to obtaining questionnaires, participants were informed
 about the purpose and design of the study, as well as its advantages and
 concerns. There was no danger and participation in this study was entirely
 voluntary. Microsoft Excel was used to
 process the data before SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 were used to analyse it.
 Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha values. The
 construct validity of each component was examined using exploratory factor
 analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Particularly, EFA
 and CFA were assessed in phases 1 and 2, respectively. Statistical
 significance was determined by a p-value of less than 0.05.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwp5
title: Divergent contributions of living roots to turnover of different soil organic carbon pools and their links to plant traits

description: 1. Rhizodeposits and root litter contribute critically to soil organic
 carbon (SOC) formation and decomposition. This root-induced SOC turnover
 shows great interspecific variations. Bulk SOC consists of diverse
 functional pools differing in formation and stabilization. Yet, it remains
 unclear which plant traits regulate the effects of living roots on the
 turnover of different SOC pools across species. 2. By performing 13CO2
 continuous labelling of six grassland species for a growing season in a
 climate-controlled chamber, we quantified the contributions of living
 roots to the dynamics of the fast-cycling particulate organic C and the
 slow-cycling mineral-associated organic C, and explored their relations to
 plant traits. 3. The results showed that new root-derived SOC varied more
 than threefold among the six species. The variation in new root-derived
 SOC was best explained by the ratio of shoot to root biomass. Plant
 species with higher shoot:root ratio formed more new root-derived SOC.
 Most of the root-derived C (72%) was incorporated into the particulate
 organic C pool. All species caused positive rhizosphere priming effects
 (RPE), which varied sevenfold across species. Among plant traits, specific
 root length was the best predictor of interspecific variations in the RPE,
 with greater RPE associated with higher specific root length. Most of the
 RPE (70%) occurred in the mineral-associated organic C pool. Our results
 also showed that most plant species caused more old SOC decomposition via
 the RPE than new SOC formation, leading to net SOC losses, especially for
 the mineral-associated organic C pool. 4. Overall, we provide novel
 insights into the effects of plant traits on root-induced turnover of
 particulate and mineral-associated organic C. Our findings should be
 valuable for understanding how specific plant traits regulate SOC
 accumulation and stabilization.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x0k6djhkf
title: Sex differences in killifish

description: Males often experience shorter lifespans than females. Despite
 extensive research, it is poorly understood how lifespan differences
 between the sexes are modulated by an interplay among genetic,
 environmental and social factors. Using four African annual killifish
 species, we combined comparative data from sex ratios in natural
 populations with experimental results on sex differences in lifespan and
 aging in replicated captive populations. In the wild, females consistently
 outlived males. In socially-housed experimental groups, this sex-specific
 survival difference persisted in two aggressive species, but ceased in two
 placid species. When social and physical contacts were prevented by
 housing all fish individually, male-biased mortality ceased in all
 species. Fitting demographic survival models revealed that increased
 baseline mortality, and partly a lack of mortality deceleration in old
 age, were responsible for a shorter male lifespan. The timing and rate of
 aging were not different between the sexes. No marker of functional aging
 we recorded (lipofuscin accumulation, proliferative changes in kidney and
 liver) differed between males and females, despite their previously
 confirmed association with functional aging
 in Nothobranchius killifish. Overall, we demonstrate
 that sex differences in lifespan and aging in killifish are driven by
 social and environmental conditions, and may be ameliorated by their
 modification.
description: Data were collected in the field and in th lab over 5+ years and
 across several experiments, described in the Methods. They were entered to
 excel files, checked for typos and converted to txt files.
description: Each files contains information on species id, population ID (if
 appropriate), sex (M/F), individual ID (If appropriate), treatment (if
 appropriate in additoon to sex difference). Additoonal information contian
 "year" - year of sampling, weeks (age in weeks), age
 (young/old),  Survival data contain "death" -
 day of detah (lifespan) and censor (censored in case of removal other than
 death, e.g. for histology). 8 files for Basta analysis
 containes one raw per individual and 1/0 (alive/death) for each week of
 the observation - a total of 8 files, one for each popualtion (e.g.
 furDrySex.txt).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zkh1893bd
title: Nongenetic inheritance of behavioural variability

description: 1. Environmentally-mediated nongenetic inheritance extends the concept of
 phenotypic plasticity across generations, allowing for the experience of
 parents to influence the physiology, life-history and behaviour of their
 offspring. 2. We assess whether the perceived social environment of
 mothers and fathers impacts offspring behaviour in the Australian field
 cricket (Teleogryllus oceanicus). 3. We varied parents’ perception of the
 density of conspecific males by exposing parents to either the presence or
 absence of male song throughout rearing. Following mating in a factorial
 design, the offspring of the parental pairs were also reared across the
 two acoustic environments and their behaviour assessed as adults. 4. When
 reared in a no-song environment, offspring of both sexes were more active,
 emerging from a shelter sooner and displaying greater mobility in search
 of male song. 5. Offspring behaviour was not directly impacted by either
 the maternal or paternal social environments independently, but there was
 a significant interaction effect between the parental environments on the
 behaviour of daughters. When both parents were reared in song (‘paternal
 song × maternal song’), their no-song-reared daughters exhibited lower
 levels of mobility than the no-song-reared daughters of ‘paternal song ×
 maternal no-song’ and ‘paternal no-song × maternal song’ pairs. 6.
 Although our data suggest that nongenetic parental effects may have the
 potential to drive behavioural variability in offspring, such effects are
 highly complex, only arising as sex- and context-specific traits.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2bvq83br3
title: Relative influence of predators, competitors, and seascape heterogeneity on behaviour and abundance of coral reef mesopredators

description: Determining influences of predation and competition on community dynamics
 is particularly challenging in coral reef systems where interspecific
 interactions between many predator and prey species play out in patchy
 landscapes. We used ~1000 stereo-Baited Remote Underwater Video
 deployments (Stereo-BRUVs) to assess the relative abundance and analysed
 the behaviour of two size classes of mesopredatory teleosts (lutajnids,
 serranids, lethrinids) in the presence and absence of larger predators
 (mesopredatory and apex carcharhinids). For mesopredatory teleosts, the
 presence of sharks did not influence the abundance, time of arrival in
 vicinity of the stereo-BRUVs, the probability of feeding on bait, or the
 delay to feeding. Instead, the number of similar-sized competitors and
 surrounding habitat features were the strongest drivers of these
 behavioural metrics. We suggest that for most fishes, the predatory threat
 posed by highly mobile species such as sharks is likely to be sporadic and
 transitory, whereas competition is ubiquitous and ever present,
 particularly for schooling taxa. Ultimately, it is likely that both
 processes interact to determine behavioural phenotypes as individuals that
 are inferior competitors can be displaced from safe habitats or prohibited
 from access to resources and will be more susceptible to predation. Future
 studies should consider the relative effects of both processes and the
 degree to which each can be shaped by habitat when investigating trophic
 dynamics that regulate marine communities.
description: The data was collected using baited remote underwater
 stereo-video surveys in north west Australia. 
description: This data has been collected by various organisations. Please
 contact GlobalArchive if you would like to use the data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m905qfv1w
title: Flight altitude dynamics of migrating European nightjars across regions and seasons

description: Avian migrants may fly at a range of altitudes, but usually concentrate
 near strata where a combination of flight conditions is favourable. The
 aerial environment can have a large impact on the performance of the
 migrant and is usually highly dynamic, making it beneficial for the bird
 to regularly check the flight conditions at alternative altitudes. We
 recorded the migrations between northern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa of
 European nightjars Caprimulgus europaeus to explore their altitudinal
 space use during spring and autumn flights to test whether their climbs
 and descents were performed according to predictions from flight
 mechanical theory. The nightjars commonly operated at ascent rates below
 the theoretical maximum, and periods of descent were commonly undertaken
 by active flight, and rarely by energetically cheaper gliding flight,
 allowing the birds to sink at lower rates than possible during a best
 glide scenario. Spring migration across all regions was associated with
 more exploratory vertical flights involving major climbs, a higher degree
 of vertical displacement within flights, and less time spent in level
 flight, although flight altitude per se was only higher during the Sahara
 crossing. This study demonstrates a surprisingly frequent use of slow
 vertical displacements during migratory flights of a long-distance avian
 migrant and show how these behaviours vary between seasons and regions,
 presumably in response to different flight conditions. The results should
 inspire future studies on the potential costs associated with frequent
 altitude changes and their trade-offs against anticipated flight condition
 improvements for aerial migrants.
description: Data files in plain text
 containing detailed accelerometer, pressure and temperature data recorded
 on European nightjars <i>Caprimulgus europaeus</i>. Files
 containing activity data: For each timestamp the distribution of 12
 activity registrations are presented in columns Act0 to Act10 (Act0 to
 Act5 for activity data 2018-2019) that represent a range of activity
 levels given a predefined sampling routine. See, methods and supplement in
 the related work. Column “check” is the sum of all activity counts and
 should be 12 if sampling worked as intended. Id represents each
 datalogger. The pressure data file contains a timestamp following the
 recorded temperature in °C and barometric pressure in mbar.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.z8w9ghxd3
title: Feather traits, wing morphology and abundance of southern populations of Sylvia atricapilla related to altitudinal movements

description: Moult of birds is shaped by environmental and genetic drivers whose
 relative contribution to the structure of feathers may differ within and
 between populations. In this study we compare some traits of tail feathers
 (growth bars, mass, rachis width and barb length) between four populations
 of the Eurasian blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla) breeding at different
 elevations within the southwestern Palaearctic. We tested if these traits
 were related to the primary productivity of habitats (a surrogate of food
 availability) or were better explained as an adaptation to altitudinal
 movements. The distribution of primary productivity was positively related
 to blackcap abundance suggesting that the species tracked the most
 productive areas to breed. In this environmental setting, wing morphology
 (wing length, concavity and pointedness) suggested that lowland blackcaps
 were sedentary while blackcaps from highland areas were involved in
 altitudinal movements. The feathers of blackcaps inhabiting the highlands
 showed wider growth bars and rachis than those of the most productive
 lowland areas, but did not differ in feather mass and barb length. Fast
 feather growth has been related to time constraints to moult and wider
 rachis to improve flight efficiency in migratory birds. Our results
 therefore suggest that differences in feather characteristics between
 southern populations of the Eurasian blackcap are better interpreted as an
 adaptive response to altitudinal migration than as a consequence of
 regional food availability.
description: The dataset was collected during a study in the Iberian Peninsula
 and the Maghreb, covering different elevation ranges. It was processed
 through a series of generalised linear models to produce a MS accepted for
 publication in the Journal of Avian Biology.
description: The readme file contains an explanation of each of the variables
 in the dataset. Two files are attached, one with the feather measurements
 and one with the bird counts. There are no missing values in the database.
 Information on how the measurements were made can be found in the
 associated manuscript mentioned above. For any further information please
 contact the author at ihtellez@ucm.es.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p8cz8w9r9
title: IIb-RAD-seq coupled with random forest classification indicates regional population structuring and sex-specific differentiation in salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis)

description: The aquaculture industry has been dealing with salmon lice problems
 forming serious threats to salmonid farming. Several treatment approaches
 have been used to control the parasite. Treatment effectiveness must be
 optimized, and the systematic genetic differences between sub-populations
 must be studied to monitor louse species and enhance targeted control
 measures. We have used IIb-RAD sequencing in tandem with a random forest
 classification algorithm to detect the regional genetic structure of the
 Norwegian salmon lice and identify important markers for sex
 differentiation of this species. We identified 19428 single nucleotide
 polymorphisms (SNPs) from 95 individuals of salmon lice. These SNPs,
 however, were not able to distinguish differential structure of lice
 populations. Using the random forest algorithm, we selected 91 SNPs
 important for geographical classification and 14 SNPs important for sex
 classification. The geographically important SNP data substantially
 improved the genetic understanding of the population structure and
 classified regional demographic clusters along the Norwegian coast. We
 also uncovered SNP markers that could help determine the sex of the salmon
 louse. A large portion of the SNPs identified to be under directional
 selection were also ranked highly important by random forest. According to
 our findings, there is a regional population structure of salmon lice
 associated with the geographical location along the Norwegian coastline.
description: The samples were collected along the Norwegian coast in 2019. DNA
 was extracted from lice and sequenced using IIb-RAD sequencing. Raw data
 was processed in a pipeline to generate Single nucleotide polymorphisms
 (SNPs) dataset. For more details on data processing please look: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8809
description: Read the
 readme file for more detailed information on data. SNP genotypes are encoded as 0, 1
 or 2. Missing values are
 coded as NA.  Geography is coded
 as : RA, VE, MD, NN
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wpzgmsbnq
title: Speciation in the abyss - genomics and morphology reveal a new species of beaked whale

description: Earth’s deep oceans remains less well understood than the surface of Mars.
 Beaked whales (ziphiids) are among the most visible inhabitants of the
 abyss, due to their large size and worldwide distribution, yet their
 diversity and ecology remain obscure. We combine genomic and morphometric
 analyses to reveal a new Southern Hemisphere ziphiid species, Ramari’s
 beaked whale, Mesoplodon eueu, whose name is linked to the Indigenous
 people of the lands from which the species holotype and paratypes were
 recovered. Mitogenome and ddRAD-derived phylogenies demonstrate
 reciprocally monophyletic divergence between M. eueu and North Atlantic
 True’s beaked whale (M. mirus), with which it was subsumed. Revised
 morphometric analyses of skulls separate the species. A time-calibrated
 mitogenome phylogeny and analysis of two nuclear genomes indicate
 divergence began ca 2 million years ago (Ma), with geneflow ceasing
 0.35-0.55 Ma. This is an example of how deep-sea biodiversity can be
 unravelled through increasing international collaboration and genome
 sequencing of archival specimens. Our consultation and involvement with
 Indigenous groups offers a model for broadening the cultural scope of the
 scientific naming process.
description: See article supplementary materials for methods and sample
 IDs.