cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.960034
title: Temperature effects on the physiology of photosynthesis and respiration in Phaeodactylum tricornutum

description: Phaeodactylum tricornutum strain CCAP 1052/1A was cultivated at 6°C and 15°C under controlled conditions (32 salinity, F/2 medium, 400 µatm pCO2, 100 µmol photons m-2 s-2 light intentsity 16:8 light:dark cycle) in semi-continous batch cultures. We assessed the carbonate chemistry (pH, total alkalinity, dissolved inorganic carbon), growth rates, particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC and PON), chlorophyll a quota (Chl a), POC:PON ratios, Chl a:POC ratios as well as production rates at both acclimation temperatures. Additionally, we performed biological invivo assays to measure rates of gross photosynthetic oxygen release, gross photosynthetic carbon uptake, respiratory oxygen uptake and respiratory carbon release using membrane-inlet mass-spectrometry. Assays were performed in photosynthesis-irradiance-(PI-)curves of increasing light intensity (0, 50, 150, 250, 400 µmol photons m-2 s-2). First rates were measured under acclimation temperature (6°C and 15°C), directly afterwards, the assay temperature was abruptly shifted to 15°C or 6°C, respectively, and the PI-curve measurement was repeated, so that 6°C acclimated cells were measured at 15°C and 15°C acclimated cells were measured at 6°C. Q10 factors were calculated from acclimated cells und the respective temperature shift. Photosynthetic and respiratory quotients were calculated for acclimated cells as well as after the abrupt temperature shift. PI-parameters, i.e. maximum photosynthesis rate, light use efficiency and light saturation index were calculated. All experiments were performed in laboratories at the Alfred-Wegener-Institute Bremerhaven.
description: Phaeodactylum tricornutum strain CCAP 1052/1A was originally sampled in 2003 from an estuary, polluted water (industrial area and seaside resort) Blackpool, England (detailed information from Culture Collection of algae and protozoa; https://www.ccap.ac.uk/catalogue/strain-1055-1). Prior to the experiments, the culture was at least one year cultivated at 15°C in North Sea water enriched with F/2 medium under 16:8 light:dark irradiance of ~10 µmol photons m-2 s-1 with regular dilution every ~4 weeks.Experiment 1A and 1B refer to 'bulk' parameter measurements, i.e. growth rates, biomass and pigmentation. Due to logistical issues, Exp_1A and Exp_1B are from different batches, but the same stock culture. Exp_2 is the same batch as Exp_1A and refers to physiological measurements. Temperature shifts only apply to Exp_2 and took place after cultures were concentrated and physiological rates were measured under in-situ temperature at four different light levels in the membrane inlet mass spectrometer (MIMS). The temperature shift took place inside the cuvette of the MIMS and took ~1 h.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.912486
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and shell properties, behaviour of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis

description: The carbon dioxide taken up by the ocean is increasing as levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide increase, thus lowering the ocean pH and altering the carbonate system. In this laboratory study, we evaluated the physiological responses of juvenile mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis from Galician waters (NW Iberian Peninsula) exposed to control (500 µatm) and elevated (800 or 1200 µatm) seawater pCO2 conditions under 2 different feeding regimes (optimal and suboptimal). Shell properties such as compressive strength and composition (organic matter and aragonite:calcite ratio) were negatively affected by high seawater pCO2, regardless of food availability. This result suggests that water chemistry is a main driver for shell development. Under the optimal feeding regime, mussel feeding rates increased in response to elevated pCO2, presumably as a strategy to maintain a high strength of attachment. In contrast, mussels on the suboptimal diet showed weak attachment and narrow valve opening at the highest pCO2 condition. Thus, our results suggest that with optimal food availability, mussels were resilient to water acidification with respect to feeding activity, valve opening and attachment strength. Under a suboptimal diet, however, the ability of mussels to respond to acidification was compromised. These results highlight complex ecophysiological interactions for calcifying organisms subjected to climate change.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-02-17.
description: Supplement to: Lassoued, Jihene; Babarro, Jose M F; Padín, Xose Antonio; Comeau, Luc A; Bejaoui, Nejla; Pérez, Fiz F (2019): Behavioural and eco-physiological responses of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to acidification and distinct feeding regimes. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 626, 97-108
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.961060
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and the net photosynthesis， gross photosynthesis and respiration in Pocillopora acuta

description: The absorbtion of human-emitted CO2 by the oceans (elevated PCO2) is projected to alter the physiological performance of coral reef organisms by perturbing seawater chemistry (i.e. ocean acidification). Simultaneously, greenhouse gas emissions are driving ocean warming and changes in irradiance (through turbidity and cloud cover), which have the potential to influence the effects of ocean acidification on coral reefs. Here, we explored whether physiological impacts of elevated PCO2 on a coral–algal symbiosis (Pocillopora acuta–Symbiodiniaceae) are mediated by light and/or temperature levels. In a 39 day experiment, elevated PCO2 (962 versus 431 µatm PCO2) had an interactive effect with midday light availability (400 versus 800 µmol photons m−2 s−1) and temperature (25 versus 29°C) on areal gross and net photosynthesis, for which a decline at 29°C was ameliorated under simultaneous high-PCO2 and high-light conditions. Light-enhanced dark respiration increased under elevated PCO2 and/or elevated temperature. Symbiont to host cell ratio and chlorophyll a per symbiont increased at elevated temperature, whilst symbiont areal density decreased. The ability of moderately strong light in the presence of elevated PCO2 to alleviate the temperature-induced decrease in photosynthesis suggests that higher substrate availability facilitates a greater ability for photochemical quenching, partially offsetting the impacts of high temperature on the photosynthetic apparatus. Future environmental changes that result in moderate increases in light levels could therefore assist the P. acuta holobiont to cope with the 'one–two punch' of rising temperatures in the presence of an acidifying ocean.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2022) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2023-07-19.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.869806
title: Otolith size and the vestibulo-ocular reflex of larvae of white seabass Atractoscion nobilis at high pCO2

description: We investigated vestibular function and otolith size (OS) in larvae of white seabass Atractoscion nobilis exposed to high partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2). The context for our study is the increasing concentration of CO2 in seawater that is causing ocean acidification (OA). The utricular otoliths are aragonitic structures in the inner ear of fish that act to detect orientation and acceleration. Stimulation of the utricular otoliths during head movement results in a behavioral response called the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The VOR is a compensatory eye rotation that serves to maintain a stable image during movement. VOR is characterized by gain (ratio of eye amplitude to head amplitude) and phase shift (temporal synchrony). We hypothesized that elevated pCO2 would increase OS and affect the VOR. We found that the sagittae and lapilli of young larvae reared at 2500 µatm pCO2 (treatment) were 14 to 20% and 37 to 39% larger in area, respectively, than those of larvae reared at 400 µatm pCO2 (control). The mean gain of treatment larvae (0.39 +/- 0.05, n = 28) was not statistically different from that of control larvae (0.30 +/- 0.03, n = 20), although there was a tendency for treatment larvae to have a larger gain. Phase shift was unchanged. Our lack of detection of a significant effect of elevated pCO2 on the VOR may be a result of the low turbulence conditions of the experiments, large natural variation in otolith size, calibration of the VOR or mechanism of acid?base regulation of white seabass larvae.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-12-20.
description: Supplement to: Shen, Sara G; Chen, Fangyi; Schoppik, David E; Checkley, D M Jr (2016): Otolith size and the vestibulo-ocular reflex of larvae of white seabass Atractoscion nobilis at high pCO2. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 553, 173-183
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914522
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and density and size-frequency distribution, shell morphology, shell integrity, fracture resistance, and desiccation tolerance of intertidal gastropod

description: Volcanic CO2 vents are useful environments for investigating the biological responses of marine organisms to changing ocean conditions (Ocean acidification, OA). Marine shelled molluscs are highly sensitive to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry. In this study, we investigated the effects of reduced pH on the intertidal gastropod, Phorcus sauciatus, in a volcanic CO2 vent off La Palma Island (Canary Islands, North East Atlantic Ocean), a location with a natural pH gradient ranging from 7.0 to 8.2 over the tidal cycles. Density and size-frequency distribution, shell morphology, shell integrity, fracture resistance, and desiccation tolerance were evaluated between populations from control and CO2 vent sites. We found no effects of reduced pH on population parameters or desiccation tolerance across the pH gradient, but significant differences in shell morphology, shell integrity, and fracture resistance were detected. Individuals from the CO2 vent site exhibited a higher shell aspect ratio, greater percentages of shell dissolution and break, and compromised shell strength than those from the control site. Our results highlight that long-term exposure to high pCO2 can negatively affect the shell features of P. sauciatus but may not have a significant effect on population performance. Moreover, we suggest that loss of shell properties could lead to changes in predator-prey interactions.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-04-02.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901801
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and phytoplankton biomass during the BIOACID II indoor mesocosm study in the Kiel Fjord (Baltic Sea)

description: Nitrogen fixation is a key source of nitrogen in the Baltic Sea which counteracts nitrogen loss processes in the deep anoxic basins. Laboratory and field studies have indicated that single-strain nitrogen-fixing (diazotrophic) cyanobacteria from the Baltic Sea are sensitive to ocean acidification and warming, 2 drivers of marked future change in the marine environment. Here, we enclosed a natural plankton community in 12 indoor mesocosms (volume 1400 l) and manipulated partial pressure of carbon dioxide ( pCO2) in seawater to yield 6 CO2 treatments with 2 different temperature treatments (16.6°C and 22.4°C, pCO2 range = 360-2030 µatm). We followed the filamentous, heterocystous diazotrophic cyanobacteria community (Nostocales, primarily Nodularia spumigena) over 4 wk. Our results indicate that heterocystous diazotrophic cyanobacteria may become less competitive in natural plankton communities under ocean acidification. Elevated CO2 had a negative impact on Nodularia sp. biomass, which was exacerbated by warming. Our results imply that Nodularia sp. may contribute less to new nitrogen inputs in the Baltic Sea in the future.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2016) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation is 2016-12-16.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.911747
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and mortality in the medusa stage of the cubozoan Carybdea xaymacana

description: Ocean pH is decreasing due to anthropogenic activities, and the consequences of this acidification on marine fauna and ecosystems are the subject of an increasing number of studies. Yet, the impact of ocean acidification (OA) on several abundant and ecologically important taxa, such as medusozoans, is poorly documented. To date there have been no studies on the effect of post-2050 OA projections on the medusa stage of jellyfish. As medusae represent the reproductive stage of cnidarians, negative impacts on adult jellyfish could severely impact the long-term survival of this group. Using a laboratory experiment, we investigated the effect of 2300 OA projections (i.e. pH of 7.5) on the mortality rate of the medusa-stage of the cubozoan species Carybdea xaymacana, compared to ambient seawater pH conditions (i.e. pH of 8.1). After a 12-h exposure to OA, C. xaymacana medusae suffered higher mortality rates compared to ambient conditions. This study represents the first evidence of the potential lethal effects of post-2050 OA projections on jellyfish. The higher metabolic rates of cubozoans compared to other cnidarians might make box jellyfish more vulnerable to OA. A decrease in the density of cnidarians could lead to harmful ecological events, such as algal blooms.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-02-03.
description: Supplement to: Chuard, Pierre J C; Johnson, Maggie Dorothy; Guichard, Frédéric (2019): Ocean acidification causes mortality in the medusa stage of the cubozoan Carybdea xaymacana. Scientific Reports, 9(1)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.962723
title: Oceanographic variability and copepod traits in two coastal ecosystems in the Southeast Pacific

description: Temperature, salinity, and pH, along with copepod traits were measured inter-daily (i.e., on average each 4 days) in an upwelling and temperate estuary in the coastal Southeast Pacific. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the phenotypic plasticity of local copepod populations to natural extreme low pH conditions. Temperature and salinity were measured with CTD (Ocean Seven 305 Plus in the estuary system, and SeaBird SBE19 Plus in the upwelling location). Samples for pH measurements were collected with an oceanographic bottle. pH was measured potentiometrically, and calibrated with Tris buffer at 25 °C. Adult females of the copepod species Acartia tonsa (Copepoda, Calanoidea) were sampled with a WP2 plankton net. Cephalothorax length was measured under a stereomicroscope. Egg production was estimated individually over 24 h incubation.
description: Further information on POC method: Food concentration was determined as chlorophyll-a (Chl, µg Chl L-1) concentration, and then Chl concentration was converted to carbon units by using a Chl:C ratio=120, according to Vargas and González (2004), for the same study area. Triplicate samples were filtered onto a GF/F filter. Chl was extracted for 24 h in 90% acetone v/v and measured in a TD Turner fluorometer (Strickland and Parsons, 1972).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.964548
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and pulsation and growth of the widespread soft coral Xenia umbellata

description: We carried out a manipulative aquarium experiment for 21 days to study the response of the widespread pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata to simulated OA conditions. We gradually decreased the pH from ambient (~8.3) to three consecutive 7-day long pH treatments of 8.0, 7.8, and 7.6, using a CO2 dosing system. Monitored response variables included pulsation rate, specific growth rate, visual coloration, survival, Symbiodiniaceae cell densities and chlorophyll a content, photosynthesis and respiration, and finally stable isotopes of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) as well as CN content.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2022) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2024-01-03.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.898653
title: Inter‐individual variation and global change: environment

description: Treatment C Control conditionOA Ocean acidification scenarioOW Ocean warming scenarioOAW Ocean acidification and warming scenarioEOW Extreme ocean warming scenarioEOAW Extreme ocean acidification and warming scenario
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.912484
title: Seawater carbonate chemistry and body size, change in allele frequency of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus larvae

description: Standing genetic variation is important for population persistence in extreme environmental conditions. While some species may have the capacity to adapt to predicted average future global change conditions, the ability to survive extreme events is largely unknown. We used single-generation selection experiments on hundreds of thousands of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus sea urchin larvae generated from wild-caught adults to identify adaptive genetic variation responsive to moderate (pH 8.0) and extreme (pH 7.5) low-pH conditions. Sequencing genomic DNA from pools of larvae, we identified consistent changes in allele frequencies across replicate cultures for each pH condition and observed increased linkage disequilibrium around selected loci, revealing selection on recombined standing genetic variation. We found that loci responding uniquely to either selection regime were at low starting allele frequencies while variants that responded to both pH conditions (11.6% of selected variants) started at high frequencies. Loci under selection performed functions related to energetics, pH tolerance, cell growth and actin/cytoskeleton dynamics. These results highlight that persistence in future conditions will require two classes of genetic variation: common, pH-responsive variants maintained by balancing selection in a heterogeneous environment, and rare variants, particularly for extreme conditions, that must be maintained by large population sizes.
description: In order to allow full comparability with other ocean acidification data sets, the R package seacarb (Gattuso et al, 2019) was used to compute a complete and consistent set of carbonate system variables, as described by Nisumaa et al. (2010). In this dataset the original values were archived in addition with the recalculated parameters (see related PI). The date of carbonate chemistry calculation by seacarb is 2020-02-17.
description: Supplement to: Brennan, Reid S; Garrett, April D; Huber, Kaitlin E; Hargarten, Heidi; Pespeni, Melissa H (2019): Rare genetic variation and balanced polymorphisms are important for survival in global change conditions. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 286(1904), 20190943
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.962220
title: Investigating the chemistry and biology of porewater and seawater in a site highly influenced by Submarine Groundwater Discharge, SGD (Achziv, northern Israel)

description: We investigated seawater microbial abundance, activity and diversity in a site strongly influenced by submarine groundwater discharge (SGD). Three sampling campaigns (August 2020, February 2021 and July 2021) were conducted at a field site, highly influenced by SGD (Achziv, northern Israel), Each field campaign lasted 2-5 days and covered at least 2 tidal cycles. Pore-water samples were collected on the shoreline using piezometers (AMS piezometers that reach depths of &lt;2 meters) and a portable peristaltic pump. The density (g cm-3), electric conductivity (mS/cm), temperature (°C) and pH, of surface seawater, porewater and groundwater were measured on-site at the time of the sampling. Samples for microbial analysis were collected from the piezometers and divided to aliquots: 1. For community analysis, samples were immediately filtered through polycarbonate 0.2 μm pore size filters, which were kept on ice and transported to the laboratory on the same day. Filter samples were stored frozen (-20°C) until DNA extraction (filtered pore-water were kept for dissolved nutrient measurements. After thawing, each filter was cut into small pieces using a sterile scalpel blade, which was placed immediately into PowerSoil DNA bead tubes and extracted with the dNeasy PowerSoil Kit (Qiagen, USA) following the standard protocol. 2. For Pico-/nano-phytoplankton and heterotrophic prokaryotic abundance, non-filtered samples were chilled on ice and transported to the laboratory on the same day. Samples (1.8 mL) were fixed with glutaraldehyde (final concentration 0.02 % v:v, Sigma-Aldrich 253 G7651), frozen in liquid nitrogen, and later stored at −80°C until analysis. The abundance of autotrophic pico- and nano-eukaryotes, Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus, and other heterotrophic prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) was determined using an Attune® Acoustic Focusing Flow Cytometer (Applied Biosystems) equipped with a syringe based fluidic system and 488 and 405 nm lasers. To measure heterotrophic prokaryote abundance, a sample aliquot was stained with SYBR Green (Applied Biosystems). 3. Prokaryotic (bacteria and archaea) heterotrophic production was estimated using the 3H-leucine incorporation method. Photosynthetic carbon fixation rates were estimated using the 14C incorporation method.
description: This work was partly supported by:The Israeli National Monitoring Program and by the Ministry of Energy (grant number 3-11519). Sustainability and Energy Research Initiative (SAERI) grant. Helen Kimmel Center for Planetary Science grant. De Botton center for Marine Sciences grant. This study was supported by the, Zuckerman Faculty Scholars program, a research grant from the Center for Scientific Excellence, a research grant from the Raymond Lapon Fund, and the Estate of David Levinson, a research grant from Paul and Tina Gardner, and a research grant from the Center for New Scientists at the Weizmann Institute of Science.