cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7509590.v1
title: INDEX OF HORIZONTALITY AND REMOVAL OF TISSUES FROM MARANDU PALISADE GRASS

description: Abstract Possibly, the greater availability of nutrients in the soil will promote a more pronounced modification of the growth form of forage plant under high frequency of defoliation. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the changes in the growth form of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu syn. Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu (marandu palisade grass) submitted to cutting intervals and fertilization, as well as the effect of these modifications on the forages removed and remnant from the cut. This study was carried out in two experimental periods. In each period, independent yet similar in nature experiments were performed. In Experiment 1, from October 2013 to February 2014, marandu palisade grass was fertilized with 70 kg.ha-1 of N and 50 kg.ha-1 of P2O5 and cut intervals (7, 14, 28, 56, and 112 days) were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In Experiment 2, from November 2014 to March 2015, in addition to the same cut intervals evaluated in Experiment 1, two fertilization conditions were also studied, one of which was low (50 kg.ha-1 of P2O5 and 75 kg.ha-1 of N) and another one that was high (100 kg.ha-1 of P2O5 and 300 kg.ha-1 of N). In Experiment 2, a factorial scheme with two levels of fertilization and five levels of cut intervals was used in a randomized block design with four replications. In Experiment 1, the highest indexes of horizontality (IH) occurred (p&lt;0.05) in the plants under cut intervals of 7, 14 and 28 days, in relation to the plants cut every 56 and 112 days. In Experiment 2, only the plant cut every 7 days showed an increase of IH (from 1.3 to 1.5) (p&lt;0.05) with the improvement of the high fertilization condition. The remaining forage mass increased (p&lt;0.05) with the cut interval, from 412 to 483 g.m-2 and from 412 to 571 g.m-2 in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. In Experiment 2, there was an increase (p&lt;0.05) in the remaining forage mass (from 447 to 505 g.m-2) and the percentage of live stem (from 23 to 33%) with fertilization at all cut intervals. In both experiments, the highest cut intervals increased (p&lt;0.05) the forage mass removed (from 95 to 840 g.m-2 and from 44.8 to 843 g.m-2 in experiments 1 and 2, respectively) and leaf area index (LAI) removed (from 1.0 to 4.3 and from 0.4 to 3.9 in experiments 1 and 2, respectively). In Experiment 2, the improved fertilization condition resulted in an increase (p&lt;0.05) in the forage mass removed (from 261.3 to 391.8 g.m-2) and LAI removed (from 1.6 to 2.1). In Experiment 2, when the fertilization condition was high, there was (p&lt;0.05) less percentage of live leaf removed in the canopies under intermediate cuts (28 and 56 days). When defoliation is very frequent, the greater availability of nutrients in the soil contributes to the marandu palisade grass to modify its form of growth from upright to prostrate, compared to the condition of less availability of nutrients in the soil. Increasing the cut interval and fertilization improved the forage removal of marandu grass.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7515524
title: The imaginary of the space in online photojournalism

description: Abstract:This paper examines whether and how the imaginary of territorial marks emerges in photojournalism when communication networks expand domestic spaces for beyond their geographic boundaries. The material for analysis consists of photographic covers from the most accessed online newspapers from each continent. We adopt the notions of imaginary (Thomas), symbolic image and the imaginary schemes (Durand), as well as Bachelard’s configurations on the imaginary of the space. We conclude that photojournalism flattens the imaginary of the space under a territorial imaginary and its symbolic efficacy is not proportional to the multiplication of photographs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7515524.v1
title: The imaginary of the space in online photojournalism

description: Abstract:This paper examines whether and how the imaginary of territorial marks emerges in photojournalism when communication networks expand domestic spaces for beyond their geographic boundaries. The material for analysis consists of photographic covers from the most accessed online newspapers from each continent. We adopt the notions of imaginary (Thomas), symbolic image and the imaginary schemes (Durand), as well as Bachelard’s configurations on the imaginary of the space. We conclude that photojournalism flattens the imaginary of the space under a territorial imaginary and its symbolic efficacy is not proportional to the multiplication of photographs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270365
title: Health evaluation in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau: a meta-evaluation of the National Health Development Plan

description: ABSTRACT In the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, one of the poorest countries in the world, the National Health Development Plan (NHDP) is intended to be the national health guidance document. NHDP II (2008-2017) succeeded NHDP I (1998-2002, revised for 2003-2007), being both assessed. In 2017, a new planning process – NHDP III – was completed. As for NHDP, a meta-evaluation was carried out, aiming to assess the quality of the evaluations carried out and to verify the use of evaluations’ results in subsequent interventions. Applying meta-evaluation patterns to evaluation reports, it was verified that, as to the four principles – utility, feasibility, adequacy and accuracy –, both evaluations presented a satisfactory score higher than 66.6%, showing an excellence character in various patterns. Methodologically, NHDP I report stands out from NHDP II. In the planning phase, the suggestions made by the previous evaluation wereconsidered for both NHDP II and III. The fragility of the Country emerges as a pattern of specificity, revealing that NHDP has offer a reference in scenarios of instability. These evaluations fit the current challenge of considering the context and the culture of peoples as an integral part of the evaluation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270365.v1
title: Health evaluation in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau: a meta-evaluation of the National Health Development Plan

description: ABSTRACT In the Republic of Guinea-Bissau, one of the poorest countries in the world, the National Health Development Plan (NHDP) is intended to be the national health guidance document. NHDP II (2008-2017) succeeded NHDP I (1998-2002, revised for 2003-2007), being both assessed. In 2017, a new planning process – NHDP III – was completed. As for NHDP, a meta-evaluation was carried out, aiming to assess the quality of the evaluations carried out and to verify the use of evaluations’ results in subsequent interventions. Applying meta-evaluation patterns to evaluation reports, it was verified that, as to the four principles – utility, feasibility, adequacy and accuracy –, both evaluations presented a satisfactory score higher than 66.6%, showing an excellence character in various patterns. Methodologically, NHDP I report stands out from NHDP II. In the planning phase, the suggestions made by the previous evaluation wereconsidered for both NHDP II and III. The fragility of the Country emerges as a pattern of specificity, revealing that NHDP has offer a reference in scenarios of instability. These evaluations fit the current challenge of considering the context and the culture of peoples as an integral part of the evaluation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508885
title: Toxicological potential of metals found in soil of cemeteries in Santa Maria - RS

description: Abstract Contamination with toxic elements and cemetery leachate may result when proper geo-environmental and hydro geographic studies are not conducted and cemeteries are dug in soils without appropriate structure and chemical properties. This contamination may percolate through the water table, leading to groundwater contamination, which can dramatically affect natural resources and public health. The toxicity of soil from Santa Maria was evaluated in this context. In addition, concentrations of Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined and compared with the tolerance limits established by the National Environmental Council Resolution No. 420 of 2013. Oligochaetas of the Eisenia andrei species were used as bio indicators in the format bioassays-limit test (control versus treatment), in a completely randomized design with three replications, consisting of seven treatments and two levels. At the end of the exposure period, we evaluated the effects of acute toxicity in oligochaetas, considering the median lethal concentration (LC50). The results of acute and chronic toxicity studies in the two analyzed cemeteries (urban and rural) showed toxicity (CL50 239,88 mg k-1 e 52,48 mg kg-1) and interference in the reproductive process of oligochaetas. We detected concentrations of toxic metals that exceeded legally established values.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508885.v1
title: Toxicological potential of metals found in soil of cemeteries in Santa Maria - RS

description: Abstract Contamination with toxic elements and cemetery leachate may result when proper geo-environmental and hydro geographic studies are not conducted and cemeteries are dug in soils without appropriate structure and chemical properties. This contamination may percolate through the water table, leading to groundwater contamination, which can dramatically affect natural resources and public health. The toxicity of soil from Santa Maria was evaluated in this context. In addition, concentrations of Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined and compared with the tolerance limits established by the National Environmental Council Resolution No. 420 of 2013. Oligochaetas of the Eisenia andrei species were used as bio indicators in the format bioassays-limit test (control versus treatment), in a completely randomized design with three replications, consisting of seven treatments and two levels. At the end of the exposure period, we evaluated the effects of acute toxicity in oligochaetas, considering the median lethal concentration (LC50). The results of acute and chronic toxicity studies in the two analyzed cemeteries (urban and rural) showed toxicity (CL50 239,88 mg k-1 e 52,48 mg kg-1) and interference in the reproductive process of oligochaetas. We detected concentrations of toxic metals that exceeded legally established values.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510244
title: Performance and Wake Analysis of Rotors in Axial Flight Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

description: ABSTRACT: Flow field around rotors in axial flight is known to be complex especially in steep descent where the rotor is operating inside its own wake. It is often reported that, in this flight condition, the rotor is susceptible to severe wake interactions causing unsteady blade load, severe vibration, loss of performance, as well as poor control and handling. So far, there is little data from experimental and numerical analysis available for rotors in axial flight. In this paper, the steady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Computational Fluid Dynamics solver Helicopter Multi-Block was used to predict the performance of rotors in axial flight. The main objective of this study was to improve the basic knowledge about the subject and to validate the flow solver used. The results obtained are presented in the form of surface pressure, rotor performance parameters, and vortex wake trajectories. The detailed velocity field of the tip vortex for a rotor in hover was also investigated, and a strong self-similarity of the swirl velocity profile was found. The predicted results obtained when compared with available experimental data showed a reasonably agreement for hover and descent rate, suggesting unsteady solution for rotors in vortex-ring state.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276218
title: Post-treatment of landfill leachate using rice husk ash as adsorbent medium

description: Abstract Sanitary landfill is the most disposal method for urban solid waste. However, in the process of organic matter degradation, a dark-colored liquid with high potential for polluting is produced, necessitating an efficient treatment before its discharge into watercourses. Several technologies can be used in the treatment, such as biological and physico-chemical systems. The activated carbon produced from agricultural residues - rice husk ash (RHA), appears as an alternative treatment, mainly for color reduction in landfill leachate. This study determined the best operational condition for the slurry treatment using a fixed-bed column. The column was filled with activated RHA and support material (sand). The column heights studied were 5 cm (C1) and 20 cm (C2) of adsorbent. The column with 20 cm of RHA and sand intercalated with the coal layer showed better efficiency in removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), with COD removal efficiency of 88.91% and rupture time of 120 min. The removal of apparent color was 87.40% with the rupture time of 40 min and true color removal of 86.64% with rupture time of 50 min. Activated rice husk ash was shown to be promising for post-treatment of the leachate with substantial efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9276218.v1
title: Post-treatment of landfill leachate using rice husk ash as adsorbent medium

description: Abstract Sanitary landfill is the most disposal method for urban solid waste. However, in the process of organic matter degradation, a dark-colored liquid with high potential for polluting is produced, necessitating an efficient treatment before its discharge into watercourses. Several technologies can be used in the treatment, such as biological and physico-chemical systems. The activated carbon produced from agricultural residues - rice husk ash (RHA), appears as an alternative treatment, mainly for color reduction in landfill leachate. This study determined the best operational condition for the slurry treatment using a fixed-bed column. The column was filled with activated RHA and support material (sand). The column heights studied were 5 cm (C1) and 20 cm (C2) of adsorbent. The column with 20 cm of RHA and sand intercalated with the coal layer showed better efficiency in removal of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), with COD removal efficiency of 88.91% and rupture time of 120 min. The removal of apparent color was 87.40% with the rupture time of 40 min and true color removal of 86.64% with rupture time of 50 min. Activated rice husk ash was shown to be promising for post-treatment of the leachate with substantial efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7510244.v1
title: Performance and Wake Analysis of Rotors in Axial Flight Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

description: ABSTRACT: Flow field around rotors in axial flight is known to be complex especially in steep descent where the rotor is operating inside its own wake. It is often reported that, in this flight condition, the rotor is susceptible to severe wake interactions causing unsteady blade load, severe vibration, loss of performance, as well as poor control and handling. So far, there is little data from experimental and numerical analysis available for rotors in axial flight. In this paper, the steady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Computational Fluid Dynamics solver Helicopter Multi-Block was used to predict the performance of rotors in axial flight. The main objective of this study was to improve the basic knowledge about the subject and to validate the flow solver used. The results obtained are presented in the form of surface pressure, rotor performance parameters, and vortex wake trajectories. The detailed velocity field of the tip vortex for a rotor in hover was also investigated, and a strong self-similarity of the swirl velocity profile was found. The predicted results obtained when compared with available experimental data showed a reasonably agreement for hover and descent rate, suggesting unsteady solution for rotors in vortex-ring state.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518959
title: Indicative Parameters for Water Quality in Water Springs with Different Land Cover and Conservation of Riparian Vegetation

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the water quality of four water springs located in different land cover types and conservation of vegetation along the Pimenta stream. Water sampling was conducted monthly for one year. Ten physicochemical parameters were evaluated and data were submitted to the Tukey test. Water spring number one (N1) is located in an area of preserved riparian forest; water spring number two (N2) is located in an area of disturbed riparian forest; water spring number three (N3) is in an area of disturbed bamboo and riparian forest; and water spring number four (N4) is in a degrading area of pasture cover. N1 and N2 showed lower values for the parameters of temperature, turbidity, color, nitrate, nitrite and iron, and pH values close to neutral. N3 showed lower values for electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity and pH. The results found for N1 and N2 indicate that seven parameters were higher regarding water quality, which demonstrates that native vegetation can help protect water quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518959.v1
title: Indicative Parameters for Water Quality in Water Springs with Different Land Cover and Conservation of Riparian Vegetation

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the water quality of four water springs located in different land cover types and conservation of vegetation along the Pimenta stream. Water sampling was conducted monthly for one year. Ten physicochemical parameters were evaluated and data were submitted to the Tukey test. Water spring number one (N1) is located in an area of preserved riparian forest; water spring number two (N2) is located in an area of disturbed riparian forest; water spring number three (N3) is in an area of disturbed bamboo and riparian forest; and water spring number four (N4) is in a degrading area of pasture cover. N1 and N2 showed lower values for the parameters of temperature, turbidity, color, nitrate, nitrite and iron, and pH values close to neutral. N3 showed lower values for electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), salinity and pH. The results found for N1 and N2 indicate that seven parameters were higher regarding water quality, which demonstrates that native vegetation can help protect water quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519517
title: TRINEXAPAC-ETHYL AFFECTS GROWTH AND GAS EXCHANGE OF UPLAND RICE

description: ABSTRACT: A major problem affecting some upland rice cultivars is the increase in plant size when subjected to high doses of nitrogen fertilizer, leading to high levels of lodging. A method to reduce the height of upland rice, and therefore lodging, would be to use plant growth regulators. However, little information exists on the effect of these regulators on plant physiological processes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of trinexapac-ethyl application in upland rice via analysis of growth and gas exchange. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions using the BRS Primavera cultivar. A completely randomized design with eight replications was used. Treatments were carried out with and without the application of the plant growth regulator, and plants were subject to two-stage assessments in which physiological and gas-exchange indices were measured. The use of trinexapac-ethyl improved the growth of rice plants from the flowering to the physiological maturity stage, resulting in higher values of leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, and leaf matter ratio in treated plants. At the same time, it provided smaller reduction in net CO2 assimilation at the physiological maturity stage. Thus, net/apparent assimilation rate did not change after the application of growth regulator, but relative growth rate decreased in these treated plants. These results indicate the occurrence of self-shading in rice plants induced by what might be a supra-optimum trinexapac-ethyl concentration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519517.v1
title: TRINEXAPAC-ETHYL AFFECTS GROWTH AND GAS EXCHANGE OF UPLAND RICE

description: ABSTRACT: A major problem affecting some upland rice cultivars is the increase in plant size when subjected to high doses of nitrogen fertilizer, leading to high levels of lodging. A method to reduce the height of upland rice, and therefore lodging, would be to use plant growth regulators. However, little information exists on the effect of these regulators on plant physiological processes. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of trinexapac-ethyl application in upland rice via analysis of growth and gas exchange. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions using the BRS Primavera cultivar. A completely randomized design with eight replications was used. Treatments were carried out with and without the application of the plant growth regulator, and plants were subject to two-stage assessments in which physiological and gas-exchange indices were measured. The use of trinexapac-ethyl improved the growth of rice plants from the flowering to the physiological maturity stage, resulting in higher values of leaf area ratio, specific leaf area, and leaf matter ratio in treated plants. At the same time, it provided smaller reduction in net CO2 assimilation at the physiological maturity stage. Thus, net/apparent assimilation rate did not change after the application of growth regulator, but relative growth rate decreased in these treated plants. These results indicate the occurrence of self-shading in rice plants induced by what might be a supra-optimum trinexapac-ethyl concentration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987105.v1
title: Selection of variables in the definition of a water quality index for the Brazilian Federal District

description: Abstract Water Quality Indices (WQIs) are based on a small number of variables that establish categories for water quality. This method presents some problems with the evaluations, since WQIs do not consider the multiple uses of the water or differences in regional characteristics. The present study proposes a regional and more appropriate variable group for the definition of a Water Quality Index for the Brazilian Federal District, based on water quality monitoring of surface waters in the region. The monitoring was carried out monthly between August 2016 and July 2017, at three points on the Jardim River, Sobradinho Stream and Sarandi Stream, where 21 variables were evaluated. Among physical-chemical and microbiological analyses, the regional characteristics of these water bodies were noted, as well as their differences, and the main anthropogenic interferences that generate changes in water quality. In the urban area, the disposal of treated sewage from the wastewater treatment plant of Sobradinho was highlighted as the main anthropic interference, and agricultural activities stood out in the rural region of the study area. The impacts in the urbanized area were of greater weight. Thus, based on the results of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA), two groups of variables were selected, one representative of urban areas and the other of rural areas, to compose two probable water quality indices (WQIs) for the Federal District.