DOI: 10.6096/dacciwa.1663
title: DACCIWA field campaign, Kumasi super-site, Instrumentation

description: Dataset Description

The ground-based field campaign DACCIWA took place during June and July 2016. The field campaign was conducted to address the scientific objectives of WP1: Identifying the meteorological controls on the whole process chain from the formation of nocturnal stratus clouds, via the daytime transition to convective clouds and the formation of deep precipitating clouds. During the measurement period, extensive remote sensing and in-situ measurements were performed at three supersites in Kumasi (Ghana), Savè (Benin) and Ile-Ife (Nigeria). The gathered observations included the energy-balance components at the Earth's surface, the mean and turbulent conditions in the nocturnal and daytime ABL as well as the de- and entrainment processes between the ABL and the free troposphere. 

The site at Kumasi was operated by National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) with the assistance from Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST). All ground-based instruments were deployed at the measurement site in KUMASI: the KNUST University Farm.

The present DOI represents the near-surface and remote sensing data products obtained from the deployed instrumentation and processed by NCAS.


Strategy:

The data products available in this dataset are listed below. Included in each is a brief description of the associated instrument(s) and the measurement protocol. Each data product has an associated data file containing detailed information and this can also be found in the global attributes of the data files itself: the data files are netcdf and compliant with cf convention 1.6. The exception is camera, the data from which is provided as movies in avi format.
The instruments were deployed at the KNUST University Farm: 06 40 46.6 N (6.67961), 01 33 36.4 W (-1.56011) and 263m above MSL. The site consisted of a field of close cropped grass with a complex of low level building (max height 5m) on one side.


Automatic Weather Station:
Data Product: Time series of point surface meteorological parameters
Instrument: Davis Vantage Pro 2
Sampling interval: 1 minute
Averaging interval: 1 minute
Variables: Pressure, Temperature, Humidity, Wind Speed, Wind Direction (From), Down Welling Longwave Radiation, Down Welling Shortwave Radiation (cie weighted), Accumulated Rain, Rain Fall Rate.

Camera:
Data Product: Movies from site camera
Instrument: Outdoor HD Pro Y-cam
Sampling interval: 1 second
Averaging interval: Not applicable
Variables: image movie 

Ceilometer:
Data Product: Time series of aerosol backscatter profiles
Instrument: Campbell CS 135
Sampling interval: 10 seconds
Averaging interval: 10 seconds
Variables: Attenuated Backscatter Coefficient
 
Energy Balance 1: Radiation
Data Product: Time series of point measurements of radiation
Instrument: Hukseflux NR01 4-component radiometer logged by Campbell CR5000
Sampling interval: 5 seconds
Averaging interval: 5 seconds
Variables: Down Welling Longwave radiation flux, Down Welling Shortwave radiation flux, Up Welling Longwave radiation flux, Up Welling Shortwave Radiation Flux.

Energy Balance 1: Soil
Data Product: Time series of point measurements of soil thermodynamic properties
Instrument: 3 x Hukseflux HPF self-calibrating heat flux plates, 3 x Campbell 107 soil temperature sensors, 3 x Campbell 253 soil matric potential sensor. Logged by Campbell CR5000
Sampling interval: 5 minutes
Averaging interval: 5 minutes
Variables: Soil Temperature, Soil Water Potential, Soil Heat Flux

Energy Balance 2: Soil
Data Product: Time series of point measurements of soil thermodynamic properties
Instrument: 3 x Hukseflux HPF self-calibrating heat flux plates, 3 x Campbell 107 soil temperature sensors, 3 x Campbell 253 soil matric potential sensor. Logged by Campbell CR3000
Sampling interval: 5 minutes
Averaging interval: 5 minutes
Variables: Soil Temperature, Soil Water Potential, Soil Heat Flux

Flux Components:
Data Product: Time series of flux components
Instrument: Li-Cor LI 7500 open path gas analyser and METEK uSonic-3 Sonic Anemometer
Sampling interval: 30 minutes
Averaging interval: 30 minutes
Variables: Start of Run, Length of Run, Number of samples in Run, Licor Temperature, Licor Pressure, CO2 Concentration, H20 Concentration, Specific Humidity, Water Vapour Partial Pressure, Humidity Mixing Ratio, Sonic Temperature, U_Earth Frame, V Earth Frame, W Earth Frame, U Rotated to Run, V Rotated to Run, W Rotated to Run, Skew and Kurtosis of U, V, W, & Sonic Temperature, Steady State Test Results for wu, wv, wts, Friction Velocity, Obukhov Length, Stability Parameter, Sigma U V & W, Integral Turbulent Characteristics of W, all mean and turbulent components.

Flux Estimates:
Data Product: Time series of flux estimates
Instrument: Li-Cor LI 7500 open path gas analyser and METEK uSonic-3 Sonic Anemometer
Sampling interval: 30 minutes
Averaging interval: 30 minutes
Variables: Start of Run, Length of Run, Number of samples in Run, Buoyancy Flux, Kinematic Humidity Flux, Kinematic Sonic Temperature Flux, Upward Sensible Heat Flux, Upward Latent Heat Flux, Momentum Flux U, Momentum Flux V, Bowen Ratio

Licor:
Data Product: Time series of point measurements of mean concentrations of CO2 and H2O.
Instrument: Li-Cor LI 7500 open path gas analyser
Sampling interval: 1 minute
Averaging interval: 1 minute
Variables: Air Temperature, Divergence of Air Temperature, Air Pressure, Divergence of Air Pressure, Mole Concentration of CO2 in air, Divergence of Mole Concentration of CO2 in air, Mole Concentration of H2O in air, Divergence of Mole Concentration of H2o in air, Specific Humidity, Divergence of Specific Humidity, Humidity Mixing Ratio, Divergence of Humidity Mixing Ration

Micro Rain Radar: Time series of droplet concentrations
Data Product: size-concentration-spectra
Instrument: METEK MRR 2
Sampling interval: 1 minute
Averaging interval: 1 minute
Variables: Spectral Reflectivity, Rain Drop Diameter, Drop Size Distribution

Micro Rain Radar: Rain and Reflectivity Profiles
Data Product: Time series profiles of rain, liquid water content, rainfall velocity and reflectivity.
Instrument: METEK MRR 2
Sampling interval: 1 minute
Averaging interval: 1 minute
Variables: Rainfall Rate, Rain Liquid Water Content, Rainfall Velocity, Radar Reflectivity, Attenuated Radar Reflectivity, Path Integrated Attenuation.

Radiosonde:
Data Product: Single sonde trajectory
Instrument: Vaisala MW41
Sampling interval: 1 second
Averaging interval: 1 second
Variables: Altitude, Latitude, Longitude, Air Pressure, Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, Wind Speed, Wind From Direction, Upward Balloon Velocity, Elapsed Time

Rapid Sonde:
Data Product: Single sonde trajectory
Instrument: WIndsond S1H2 - R
Sampling interval: 3 seconds
Averaging interval: 3 seconds
Variables: Altitude, Latitude, Longitude, Air Pressure, Air Temperature, Relative Humidity, Wind Speed, Wind From Direction, Upward Balloon Velocity, Elapsed Time

Scanning Microwave Radiometer: Boundary Layer Temperature Profiles
Data Product: Time series of boundary layer temperature profiles
Instrument: RPG HATPRO Scanning Microwave Radiometer
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Averaging interval: 10 minutes
Variables: Air Temperature

Scanning Microwave Radiometer: Brightness Temperature Profiles
Data Product: Time series of Brightness Temperature Profiles
Instrument: RPG HATPRO Scanning Microwave Radiometer
Sampling interval: 2 seconds
Averaging interval: 2 seconds
Variables: Brightness Temperature

Scanning Microwave Radiometer: IWVLWP
Data Product: Time series of integrated water vapour and liquid water path
Instrument: RPG HATPRO Scanning Microwave Radiometer
Sampling interval: 10 minutes
Averaging interval: 10 minutes
Variables: Integrated Water Vapour, Liquid Water Path.

Scanning Microwave Radiometer: Moisture Profiles
Data Product: Time series of relative and absolute humidity profiles
Instrument: RPG HATPRO Scanning Microwave Radiometer
Sampling interval: 2.5 minutes
Averaging interval: 2.5 minutes
Variables: Relative Humidity, Absolute Humidity.

Scanning Microwave Radiometer: Stability Indices
Data Product: Time series of atmospheric stability indices
Instrument: RPG HATPRO Scanning Microwave Radiometer
 Sampling interval: 2 minutes
 Averaging interval: 2 minutes
 Variables: LI, KOI, TTI, KI, SI, CAPE

Scanning Microwave Radiometer: Surface Met
Data Product: Time series of point surface meteorological measurements
Instrument: RPG HATPRO Scanning Microwave Radiometer
Sampling interval: 2 seconds
Averaging interval: 2 seconds
Variables: Air Pressure, Air Temperature, Relative Humidity

Scanning Microwave Radiometer: Tropospheric Temperature Profiles
Data Product: Time series of tropospheric temperature profiles
Instrument: RPG HATPRO Scanning Microwave Radiometer
Sampling interval: 2 minutes
Averaging interval: 2 minutes
Variables: Air Temperature

Sodar
Data Product: Time series of wind and acoustic backscatter profiles 
Instrument: Scintec MFAS sodar
 Sampling interval: 15 minutes
 Averaging interval: 15 minutes
Variables: Sound Intensity Level, Wind Speed, Wind Direction (from), U, V, W, Divergence of U, V W

Sonic Anemometer
Data Product: Time series of wind speed 
Instrument: METEK uSonic-3 Sonic Anemometer
Sampling interval: 1 minute
Averaging interval: 1 minute
Variables: Wind Speed, Wind Direction (from), Wind Speed of Gust, Wind Direction of Gust, U, V, W, Divergence of U, V W, Sonic Temperature, Divergence of Sonic Temperature