cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290732
title: Determination of the Gastrointestinal Passage Rate Using Dexa Technology and Barium Sulfate As a Marker in Japanese Quails

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the dynamics of food passage in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of Japanese quail. A randomized design was used with four treatments and four experimental units with one bird each, nine of which were measured in time. The ingredients used were albumin, starch, cellulose, and soybean oil. Suspensions containing barium sulfate and saline were prepared, except for soybean oil. For each bird, 2.5 mL of the suspension was administered directly to the crop. Dual-energy absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to quantify the passage of food. The birds were sedated and maintained under inhalation anesthesia during the scan. Measurements were taken at intervals of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h. The variables identified were passage time, first quality, and the average time of each variable. Based on these results, the ingredients may show differences in dynamic passing on the Japanese quail GIT. The duration of the first attempt was 32 min, ranging from 21 to 44 min. The average time value of food choice was close to 10.8 h and varied according to the ingredient from 8.45-12.16 h. Among the variables, soybean oil presented values that denote a fast passage in the GIT, while albumin presented values that denote a slower passage. The dynamics of food passage in the GIT of Japanese quails varies according to the chemical composition of the ingredients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290732.v1
title: Determination of the Gastrointestinal Passage Rate Using Dexa Technology and Barium Sulfate As a Marker in Japanese Quails

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the dynamics of food passage in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of Japanese quail. A randomized design was used with four treatments and four experimental units with one bird each, nine of which were measured in time. The ingredients used were albumin, starch, cellulose, and soybean oil. Suspensions containing barium sulfate and saline were prepared, except for soybean oil. For each bird, 2.5 mL of the suspension was administered directly to the crop. Dual-energy absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to quantify the passage of food. The birds were sedated and maintained under inhalation anesthesia during the scan. Measurements were taken at intervals of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 24 h. The variables identified were passage time, first quality, and the average time of each variable. Based on these results, the ingredients may show differences in dynamic passing on the Japanese quail GIT. The duration of the first attempt was 32 min, ranging from 21 to 44 min. The average time value of food choice was close to 10.8 h and varied according to the ingredient from 8.45-12.16 h. Among the variables, soybean oil presented values that denote a fast passage in the GIT, while albumin presented values that denote a slower passage. The dynamics of food passage in the GIT of Japanese quails varies according to the chemical composition of the ingredients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290733
title: Lipopolysaccharide effects on activation and apoptosis of primordial ovarian follicles in heifers

description: ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on activation and apoptosis of primordial follicles. There was no difference in the total number of follicles as well as in the different types of follicles. Furthermore, the LPS challenge didn’t modulate the expression of genes related with ovarian reserve (HAM), oocyte survival (Survivin), activation rate (Pten, KIT, KITL1, KITL2, AKT1, SIRT1), and follicular abnormalities. Therefore, the LPS exposure with 24h interval had no effect on activation rate and primordial follicles abnormalities, and also had no effect on expression of anti-apoptotic genes and genes related with ovarian reserve, oocyte survival, activation rate, and primordial follicles abnormalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290733.v1
title: Lipopolysaccharide effects on activation and apoptosis of primordial ovarian follicles in heifers

description: ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration on activation and apoptosis of primordial follicles. There was no difference in the total number of follicles as well as in the different types of follicles. Furthermore, the LPS challenge didn’t modulate the expression of genes related with ovarian reserve (HAM), oocyte survival (Survivin), activation rate (Pten, KIT, KITL1, KITL2, AKT1, SIRT1), and follicular abnormalities. Therefore, the LPS exposure with 24h interval had no effect on activation rate and primordial follicles abnormalities, and also had no effect on expression of anti-apoptotic genes and genes related with ovarian reserve, oocyte survival, activation rate, and primordial follicles abnormalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290736.v1
title: Canje de deuda por naturaleza: la necesid de una nueva agenda

description: ABSTRACT Debt for nature swaps generally involve significant fiscal costs. As for the benefits for the developing country and its government, they are potentially ambiguous. The projects financed by the swaps typically involve the protection of exotic flora and fauna in which a considerable part of the social returns is externalized to the rest of the world. This, coupled with high social rates of discount in crisis-ridden developing countries, could mean that the benefits accrued to the international community actually end up exceeding those perceived by the population at large in debtor country. Hence the need to reorient the international agenda for swaps so that the environmental projects financed by them have a more direct impact on local population, e.g., control of urban air pollution and sewerage and industrial contamination of rivers and seas. Meanwhile, in view of the great international externalities involved, the protection of exotic flora and fauna could be financed through straight donations that do not involve fiscal costs for the debtor country.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290736
title: Canje de deuda por naturaleza: la necesid de una nueva agenda

description: ABSTRACT Debt for nature swaps generally involve significant fiscal costs. As for the benefits for the developing country and its government, they are potentially ambiguous. The projects financed by the swaps typically involve the protection of exotic flora and fauna in which a considerable part of the social returns is externalized to the rest of the world. This, coupled with high social rates of discount in crisis-ridden developing countries, could mean that the benefits accrued to the international community actually end up exceeding those perceived by the population at large in debtor country. Hence the need to reorient the international agenda for swaps so that the environmental projects financed by them have a more direct impact on local population, e.g., control of urban air pollution and sewerage and industrial contamination of rivers and seas. Meanwhile, in view of the great international externalities involved, the protection of exotic flora and fauna could be financed through straight donations that do not involve fiscal costs for the debtor country.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290738
title: Marandu grass pastures with the same average height and different horizontal structures change the feeding behavior of grazing sheep?

description: ABSTRACT The objective was to investigate the feeding behavior of sheep in marandu grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) pastures under continuous stocking with the same average height and different horizontal structures. The treatments were composed of less heterogeneous pastures (P-H, 24% coefficient of variation of plant heights and more heterogeneous pastures (P+H, 46% coefficient of variation of plant heights) and the locations of the picket, front and back, were also evaluated. A randomized block design was used, with split plots in space and four replications in two years. Crossbred lambs were used, managed under continuous stocking and variable stocking rate, to maintain average height of pastures at 30 cm. Greater masses of total forage, live leaf, live stem and dead material, and greater time of sheep in rumination, occurred in the front, in relation to the paddock background. In P-H, grazing time (GT) did not vary between regions. In P+H, GT was lower at the front than at the background. Idle time (IT) was similar between P-H and P+H. However, the animals remained more IT in the front than in the background. The feeding behavior of grazing sheep is modified in marandu grass pastures under continuous stocking with the same average height, but with different spatial variability of the vegetation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290738.v1
title: Marandu grass pastures with the same average height and different horizontal structures change the feeding behavior of grazing sheep?

description: ABSTRACT The objective was to investigate the feeding behavior of sheep in marandu grass (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) pastures under continuous stocking with the same average height and different horizontal structures. The treatments were composed of less heterogeneous pastures (P-H, 24% coefficient of variation of plant heights and more heterogeneous pastures (P+H, 46% coefficient of variation of plant heights) and the locations of the picket, front and back, were also evaluated. A randomized block design was used, with split plots in space and four replications in two years. Crossbred lambs were used, managed under continuous stocking and variable stocking rate, to maintain average height of pastures at 30 cm. Greater masses of total forage, live leaf, live stem and dead material, and greater time of sheep in rumination, occurred in the front, in relation to the paddock background. In P-H, grazing time (GT) did not vary between regions. In P+H, GT was lower at the front than at the background. Idle time (IT) was similar between P-H and P+H. However, the animals remained more IT in the front than in the background. The feeding behavior of grazing sheep is modified in marandu grass pastures under continuous stocking with the same average height, but with different spatial variability of the vegetation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290739
title: Indexation and dispersion of relative prices: analysis of the Brazilian case (1975-1991)

description: ABSTRACT In this paper we attempt to show that the gradual process of indexation which results from inflationary processes may be responsible for the reduction in the dispersion of relative prices. We develop a model relating the length of adjustment periods, indexation and the dispersion of relative prices. Next, we look at the evidences on the behavior of relative wages in Brazil. We conclude with a discussion of the efficiency of price freezes as a stabilization strategy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290739.v1
title: Indexation and dispersion of relative prices: analysis of the Brazilian case (1975-1991)

description: ABSTRACT In this paper we attempt to show that the gradual process of indexation which results from inflationary processes may be responsible for the reduction in the dispersion of relative prices. We develop a model relating the length of adjustment periods, indexation and the dispersion of relative prices. Next, we look at the evidences on the behavior of relative wages in Brazil. We conclude with a discussion of the efficiency of price freezes as a stabilization strategy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290745
title: Domestic public bond’s debt: an alternative

description: ABSTRACT This article develops arguments in favor of recomposing the time to maturity of the domestic public bond’s debt and present calculations on the amount of tax required by different terms of payment of that debt, assuming that it is rescheduled. Two alternatives are presented and evaluated. Alternative one offers a collateral for the principal owed and calculates the flow of interest in relation to GDP during the repayment period, Alternative two is based on making gradual and small down-payments to repay the old debt within a new institutional framework. The interest rate in the two cases would fluctuate and be readjusted each semester. Both alternatives yield a substantial alleviation of the interest burden compared to the present policy. The main conclusion is that with a dollar long-term interest rate similar to the ones observed in the international markets (about 8% a year) plus 2% of country risk and a 3% a year GDP growth rate, the domestic public debt could be paid in 20 years if a yearly provision of only 0.7% of GDP is allocated to its payment. The calculations also show that the required primary budget surplus would decrease to the range of 2.l% to 2.7% of GDP, facilitating the balancing of the budget.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290745.v1
title: Domestic public bond’s debt: an alternative

description: ABSTRACT This article develops arguments in favor of recomposing the time to maturity of the domestic public bond’s debt and present calculations on the amount of tax required by different terms of payment of that debt, assuming that it is rescheduled. Two alternatives are presented and evaluated. Alternative one offers a collateral for the principal owed and calculates the flow of interest in relation to GDP during the repayment period, Alternative two is based on making gradual and small down-payments to repay the old debt within a new institutional framework. The interest rate in the two cases would fluctuate and be readjusted each semester. Both alternatives yield a substantial alleviation of the interest burden compared to the present policy. The main conclusion is that with a dollar long-term interest rate similar to the ones observed in the international markets (about 8% a year) plus 2% of country risk and a 3% a year GDP growth rate, the domestic public debt could be paid in 20 years if a yearly provision of only 0.7% of GDP is allocated to its payment. The calculations also show that the required primary budget surplus would decrease to the range of 2.l% to 2.7% of GDP, facilitating the balancing of the budget.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290747
title: Perceived characteristics of the neighborhood and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-section study

description: ABSTRACT The high prevalence of depressive symptoms in older adults highlights the importance of investigating risk factors that may contribute to this condition, especially those that are subject to effective interventions, such as the neighborhood environment. However, the association between perceived characteristics of the environment and presence of depressive symptoms in Brazilian older adults, as well as in those who attend Primary Health Care (PHC) units is not yet fully established. This study aimed to verify the association between the perception of the neighborhood and presence of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. This is a cross-sectional, household-based study with a probabilistic sample. A total of 293 community-dwelling older adults (57.3% women; 54.7% aged 60-69 years) and registered in the municipal Primary Health Care System of Balneário Arroio do Silva/SC were included. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the perception of the environment was obtained using the adapted instrument Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS). Associations were tested by multivariate logistic regression. Significant negative associations were observed between the presence of food establishments (OR: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.28-0.98), health clinics and community centers (OR: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.28-0.96), outdoor gyms (OR: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.20-0.72), fitness centers and/or clubs (OR: 0.42; 95%CI: 0.19-0.89), well-maintained sidewalks (OR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.19-0.71), pedestrian signals (OR: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.18-0.84), and neighborhood safety for walking during the day (OR: 0.35; 95%CI: 0.16-0.76) and night (OR: 0.40; 95%CI: 0.19-0.83) and the presence of depressive symptoms. It was concluded that there is inverse associations between better perceived characteristics of the environment and the presence of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults, demonstrating the importance of promoting strategies to improve the neighborhood infrastructure and prevent depressive symptoms in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290747.v1
title: Perceived characteristics of the neighborhood and depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults: a cross-section study

description: ABSTRACT The high prevalence of depressive symptoms in older adults highlights the importance of investigating risk factors that may contribute to this condition, especially those that are subject to effective interventions, such as the neighborhood environment. However, the association between perceived characteristics of the environment and presence of depressive symptoms in Brazilian older adults, as well as in those who attend Primary Health Care (PHC) units is not yet fully established. This study aimed to verify the association between the perception of the neighborhood and presence of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. This is a cross-sectional, household-based study with a probabilistic sample. A total of 293 community-dwelling older adults (57.3% women; 54.7% aged 60-69 years) and registered in the municipal Primary Health Care System of Balneário Arroio do Silva/SC were included. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the perception of the environment was obtained using the adapted instrument Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS). Associations were tested by multivariate logistic regression. Significant negative associations were observed between the presence of food establishments (OR: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.28-0.98), health clinics and community centers (OR: 0.52; 95%CI: 0.28-0.96), outdoor gyms (OR: 0.38; 95%CI: 0.20-0.72), fitness centers and/or clubs (OR: 0.42; 95%CI: 0.19-0.89), well-maintained sidewalks (OR: 0.37; 95%CI: 0.19-0.71), pedestrian signals (OR: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.18-0.84), and neighborhood safety for walking during the day (OR: 0.35; 95%CI: 0.16-0.76) and night (OR: 0.40; 95%CI: 0.19-0.83) and the presence of depressive symptoms. It was concluded that there is inverse associations between better perceived characteristics of the environment and the presence of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults, demonstrating the importance of promoting strategies to improve the neighborhood infrastructure and prevent depressive symptoms in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290750
title: Changes in the frequency of food consumption by adults/elderly according to food insecurity: evidence from a longitudinal study in the northeastern semi-arid region, Brazil, 2011-2014

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To prospectively analyze changes in the frequency of individual food consumption of adults/elderly people according to different food insecurity outcomes over time. Methods: Population-based longitudinal study carried out in 2011 (358 individuals) and 2014 (301 individuals) in a municipality in the northeastern semi-arid region. The frequency of food consumption of 37 foods in adults/elderly was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and food insecurity using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Differences in the proportion of frequency of consumption of each food at baseline (2011) and follow-up (2014) were calculated according to longitudinal categories of change in food insecurity. The McNemar test for paired samples was applied to estimate differences between 2011 and 2014. Results: Among the individuals studied, 38.9% and 30.6% were classified in food security and food insecurity in the two periods (2011 and 2014), respectively, and 23.2% changed from food insecurity in 2011 to food security in 2014. Increase in the frequency of food consumed in the three groups of food insecurity outcomes. Only in the food insecurity group at both times, an increase in the consumption frequency of soft drinks and industrialized juices was observed. In the three groups, when comparing 2011 and 2014, there was an increase in the consumption of local agricultural foods, such as mangoes, sweet potatoes and a decrease in the consumption of pumpkin. Conclusion: Overcoming food insecurity results in positive changes in food consumption, and seasonality is a factor that promotes and limits food consumption.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23290750.v1
title: Changes in the frequency of food consumption by adults/elderly according to food insecurity: evidence from a longitudinal study in the northeastern semi-arid region, Brazil, 2011-2014

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To prospectively analyze changes in the frequency of individual food consumption of adults/elderly people according to different food insecurity outcomes over time. Methods: Population-based longitudinal study carried out in 2011 (358 individuals) and 2014 (301 individuals) in a municipality in the northeastern semi-arid region. The frequency of food consumption of 37 foods in adults/elderly was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and food insecurity using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. Differences in the proportion of frequency of consumption of each food at baseline (2011) and follow-up (2014) were calculated according to longitudinal categories of change in food insecurity. The McNemar test for paired samples was applied to estimate differences between 2011 and 2014. Results: Among the individuals studied, 38.9% and 30.6% were classified in food security and food insecurity in the two periods (2011 and 2014), respectively, and 23.2% changed from food insecurity in 2011 to food security in 2014. Increase in the frequency of food consumed in the three groups of food insecurity outcomes. Only in the food insecurity group at both times, an increase in the consumption frequency of soft drinks and industrialized juices was observed. In the three groups, when comparing 2011 and 2014, there was an increase in the consumption of local agricultural foods, such as mangoes, sweet potatoes and a decrease in the consumption of pumpkin. Conclusion: Overcoming food insecurity results in positive changes in food consumption, and seasonality is a factor that promotes and limits food consumption.