DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4tmpg4fht
title: Data from: Is the local environment more important than within-host interactions in determining coinfection?

description: Host populations often vary in the magnitude of coinfection they
 experience across environmental gradients. Further, coinfection often
 occurs sequentially, with a second parasite infecting the host after the
 first has established a primary infection. Because the local environment
 and interactions between coinfecting parasites can both drive patterns of
 coinfection, it is important to disentangle the relative contributions of
 environmental factors and within-host interactions to patterns of
 coinfection. Here we develop a conceptual framework and present an
 empirical case study to disentangle these facets of coinfection. Across
 multiple lakes, we surveyed populations of five damselfly (host) species
 and quantified primary parasitism by aquatic, ectoparasitic water mites,
 and secondary parasitism by terrestrial, endoparasitic gregarines. We
 first asked if coinfection is predicted by abiotic and biotic factors
 within the local environment, finding that the probability of coinfection
 decreased for all host species as pH increased. We then asked if primary
 infection by aquatic water mites mediated the relationship between pH and
 secondary infection by terrestrial gregarines. Contrary to our
 expectations, we found no evidence for a water mite-mediated relationship
 between pH and gregarines. Instead, the intensity of gregarine infection
 correlated solely with the local environment, with the magnitude and
 direction of these relationships varying among environmental predictors.
 Our findings emphasize the role of the local environment in shaping
 infection dynamics that set the stage for coinfection. Though we did not
 detect within-host interactions, the approach herein can be applied to
 other systems to elucidate the nature of interactions between hosts and
 coinfecting parasites within complex ecological communities.
description: Associated data files for: Is the local environment more important than
 within-host interactions in determining coinfection? Adam Z. Hasik*1,2,3,
 Jason Bried4, Daniel I. Bolnick5, and Adam M. Siepielski1 1Department of
 Biological Sciences, SCEN 601, 850 W. Dickson St. University of Arkansas,
 Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA 2Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University
 of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK (present address) 3Jacob Blaustein Center for
 Scientific Cooperation, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert
 Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
 4Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University
 of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA 5Department of
 Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
 06269, USA *Author for correspondence: Adam Z. Hasik, Institute of
 Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; email:
 [adamzhasik@gmail.com](mailto:adamzhasik@gmail.com) Descriptions of the
 data sets associated with the analyses presented in the paper. code.r – R
 file containing all code necessary to analyze the data
 Coinfection_data_2017.csv – this is the data file containing infection
 data for hosts collected in 2017. The following are explanations of the
 variables: ``` Lake - lake where hosts were collected Date - data hosts
 were collected Species - host species Total_Holes - number of mite scars
 on host Total_Mites - number of mites Total_gregarines - number of
 gregarines Mite_Infected - denotes if the host was infected with mites
 Greg_Infected - denotes if the host was infected with gregarines ```
 Parasite_Data_2019.csv – this is the data file containing infection data
 for hosts collected in 2019. The following are explanations of the
 variables: ``` Lake - lake where hosts were collected Date - data hosts
 were collected Species - host species Gregarines - number of gregarines
 final_mites - number of mites total_holes - number of mite scars on host
 Mite_Infected - denotes if the host was infected with mites Greg_Infected
 - denotes if the host was infected with gregarines ```
 SumamrizedData_2017.csv - data on environmental variables for the 2017
 field season. The following are explanations of the variables: ``` Lake -
 lake name Fish.Densitym2 - fish density Shoot.Countm2 - macrophyte density
 Prey.DensityL - prey density pH - pH ``` SumamrizedData_2019.csv - data on
 environmental variables for the 2017 field season. The following are
 explanations of the variables: ``` Lake - lake name Fish.Densitym2 - fish
 density Shoot.Countm2 - macrophyte density Prey.DensityL - prey density pH
 - pH ```