cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18171684
title: TfGBV-Grok Dataset: AI-Facilitated Non-Consensual Intimate Image Generation

description: ⚠️ WORK IN PROGRESS: This dataset is actively being developed. There may be classification errors or inconsistencies. It will be updated as I process the rest of the raw data. Feedback and corrections are welcome.

This dataset documents 565 records related to the use of Grok AI (integrated into X/Twitter) for non-consensual intimate image generation — digitally "undressing" women without their knowledge or consent.

The dataset includes perpetrator requests, victim testimonies, commentary, and reports of abuse — each clearly labeled to enable nuanced research.

KEY STATISTICS:- Total records: 565- Perpetrator requests: 481- Prompt sharing (attack methods): 48- Victim testimonies: 7- Reports of abuse: 10- Commentary: 13- Benign/unrelated Grok use: 6

ACTOR TYPE CLASSIFICATION:- PERPETRATOR_REQUEST — Users directly requesting Grok to generate NCII- PROMPT_SHARING — Users sharing attack methods/prompts (JSON exploits, etc.)- COMMENTARY — Users discussing or criticising the phenomenon- REPORTING_ABUSE — Users calling out or questioning harmful behaviour- VICTIM_TESTIMONY — Victims reporting that their images were targeted- BENIGN_GROK_USE — Unrelated Grok use (e.g., Halloween costumes)

HARM TYPE CLASSIFICATION:- NCSII_REQUEST — Direct requests to remove/replace clothing- SHARES_NCSII_METHOD — Sharing prompts/methods for NCII generation- DISCUSSES_NCSII — Discussion of the NCII phenomenon- PROMPT_INJECTION — Structured JSON attacks to bypass safeguards- BODY_MODIFICATION — Requests to alter body features- DISCUSSES_MINOR_TARGETING — Discussion of minors being targeted

DATASET FIELDS:- Record_ID: Unique identifier- Tweet_ID: Original tweet ID (for verification)- Username_Hash: SHA-256 hash of username (pseudonymized)- Date: Standardised date (YYYY-MM-DD)- Content_Snippet: Text of the tweet- Actor_Type: Who is speaking (perpetrator, victim, commentator, etc.)- Harm_Type: Type of harm documented

ACCESS:Due to the sensitive nature of this data, the full dataset is available via gated access on HuggingFace:https://huggingface.co/datasets/Mtechlaw/TfGBV-Grok-NCII-Dataset

Researchers must agree to a Data Use Agreement before access is granted.

PERMITTED USES:- Academic research on TfGBV and AI harms- Policy analysis and advocacy- Journalism and public interest reporting- AI safety tool development- Educational purposes

PROHIBITED USES:- Re-identification of pseudonymized usernames- Harassment or doxxing- Training AI to generate NCII- Commercial use without authorisation

CONTACT:Nana Mgbechikwere Nwachukwunana.nwachukwu@gmail.com
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive163012.20251217.10
title: <i>Rhizobium</i> <i>radiobacter</i> (Beijerinck and van Delden 1902) Young <i>et al.</i> 2001

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.13145/bacdive163013.20241212.9.2
title: <i>Thermoanaerobacter</i> <i>thermocopriae</i> (Jin <i>et al.</i> 1988) Collins <i>et al.</i> 1994

description: The range of data encompasses taxonomy, morphology, physiology, sampling and concomitant environmental conditions as well as molecular biology.
DOI: 10.25345/c5rb6wf14
title: MassIVE MSV000097578 - Anchorage-independent cell proliferation promoted by fascins F-actin bundling
title: Samples 723141, 733264, 733265: Surface-bound focal Adhesion complexes isolated from wild-type HCT116 cells. Following samples are Streptavidin-IP of lysates obtained from wild-type and fascin KO HCT116 cells cultured either in 2D or in suspension, treated with 50 uM biotin for 1 hour. 715671 2D_WT_miniTurbo_only 715672 2D_KO_miniTurbo_only 715673 2D_WT_miniTurbo-paxillin 715674 2D_KO_miniTurbo-paxillin 715675 suspension_WT_miniTurbo-paxillin 715676 suspension_KO_miniTurbo-paxillin 715677 suspension_WT_miniTurbo 715678 suspension_KO_miniTurbo 715679 2D_WT_miniTurbo 715680 2D_KO_miniTurbo 715681 2D_WT_miniTurbo-paxillin 715682 2D_KO_miniTurbo-paxillin 715683 suspension_WT_miniTurbo 715684 suspension_KO_miniTurbo 715685 suspension_WT_miniTurbo-paxillin 715686 suspension_KO_miniTurbo-paxillin
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pc9wb6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5609819 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Chiroptera"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5609819 records from 3840 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006282-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.brq5tf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 113982 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Goodeniaceae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 113982 records from 396 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0062398-250920141307145/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ybfx59
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2874 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Bangsia melanochlamys (Hellmayr, 1910)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2874 records from 24 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0214659-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.thh4jx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4422 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-63.41309 11.3508,-58.5791 11.3508,-58.5791 18.22935,-63.41309 18.22935,-63.41309 11.3508))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Chiroptera",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4422 records from 24 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0063561-200221144449610/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zv3nth
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "TaxonKey is Bos mutus (Przewalski, 1883)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0219807-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vdrk3q
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 761772 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "GadmGid" : [
 "is MEX.3.1_2"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 761772 records from 616 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0134625-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.u8dg2r
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1589 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "DatasetKey is iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Clangula hyemalis (Linnaeus, 1758)",
 "Year 2011-2018"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1589 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0243273-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mneqbr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 46 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Australia",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Calcinus vachoni Forest, 1958"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 46 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0230972-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zb3sxs
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 890 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "Continent is North America",
 "Country is United States of America",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Ambrosia artemisiifolia L."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 890 records from 22 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0229208-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.8acmtr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 84 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Peru",
 "TaxonKey is Vicugna vicugna (Molina, 1782)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 84 records from 19 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002374-180925134338326/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.o1daad
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 1207453585 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 1207453585 records were derived from 19811 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0012273-190415153152247/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/x1v5-dx52
title: EK80 Water Column Sonar Data Collected During SH2306
DOI: 10.15468/dl.sncsnd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 9181816 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-76.87284 -54.20862,-67.8016 -54.20862,-67.8016 -18.36029,-76.87284 -18.36029,-76.87284 -54.20862))",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year 2009-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 9181816 records from 554 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0056071-241126133413365/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.b2fvuh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 351 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus (Nutt.) Nutt.",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-109 26, -87 26, -87 44, -109 44, -109 26))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 351 records from 21 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0056098-241126133413365/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nnz2ss
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "GadmGid is USA.36_1",
 "TaxonKey is Lucanus elaphus Fabricius, 1775"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0056099-241126133413365/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.c5y7aw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 11224807 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "Country" : [
 "is Chile"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 11224807 records from 1945 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0056037-241126133413365/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qtkj9j
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Trioza berchemiae (Li, 2011)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Country is Japan",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0211552-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112029542
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.1519, Spurlock 1913.14.1519

description: [Text Description:] Document concerning silver ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.1519; CDLI P421371 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish White (10YR 9/2) Pale Yellowish Pink (5YR 8.5/3) Dark Gray (N 3.25/ 7.7% R) -discoloration ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 4.9 x 3.7 x 1.8 cm (33 g)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3tdjr6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3215 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Idea Fabricius, 1807"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3215 records from 58 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0064055-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jufbb7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 134 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Colombia",
 "GadmGid is one of (COL.2.5_1, COL.2.9_1, COL.2.34_1, COL.2.82_1, COL.2.98_1, COL.2.103_1, COL.2.104_1, COL.2.117_1, COL.2.120_1, COL.2.122_1)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "IucnRedListCategory is EN"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 134 records from 19 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001450-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rbers3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3542 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Senna didymobotrya (Fresen.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3542 records from 140 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0255019-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112029949
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.1521, Spurlock 1913.14.1521

description: [Text Description:] Document concerning barley ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.1521; CDLI P421373 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish White (10YR 9/2) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 5.3 x 4.1 x 2.2 cm (47 g)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hgpea6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 39 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Metopius citratus (Geoffroy, 1785)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Country is Japan",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 39 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0211553-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.htd9b7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3917142 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "or" : [
 "PublishingCountry is Colombia",
 {
 "and" : [
 "Country is Colombia",
 {
 "not" : {
 "Issue" : [
 "is Country coordinate mismatch"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 },
 "StateProvince is one of (antioquia)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3917142 records from 741 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0220241-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zgxqx8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 189518 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, Division of Fishes"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 189518 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0095351-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112029989
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.1521, Spurlock 1913.14.1521

description: [Text Description:] Document concerning barley ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.1521; CDLI P421373 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish White (10YR 9/2) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 5.3 x 4.1 x 2.2 cm (47 g)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.tm4487
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 414 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Kuwaita Mohammad, 1973"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 414 records from 19 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0257388-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fbb7b5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 61869 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is one of (Sapajus cay (Illiger, 1815), Saimiri vanzolinii Ayres, 1985, Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771), Priodontes maximus (Kerr, 1792), Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758), Sporophila palustris (Barrows, 1883), Sporophila nigrorufa (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837), Sporophila melanogaster (Pelzeln, 1870), Sporophila hypoxantha Cabanis, 1851, Penelope ochrogaster Pelzeln, 1870, Hydropsalis Wagler, 1832, Cercomacra ferdinandi E.Snethlage, 1928, Celeus obrieni Short, 1973, Anthus nattereri P.L.Sclater, 1878)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 61869 records from 462 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0228531-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112030017
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.1521, Spurlock 1913.14.1521

description: [Text Description:] Document concerning barley ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.1521; CDLI P421373 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish White (10YR 9/2) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 5.3 x 4.1 x 2.2 cm (47 g)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yyhesf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 195 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Megachile kobensis Cockerell, 1918",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Country is Japan",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 195 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0211555-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112029579
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.1519, Spurlock 1913.14.1519

description: [Text Description:] Document concerning silver ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.1519; CDLI P421371 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish White (10YR 9/2) Pale Yellowish Pink (5YR 8.5/3) Dark Gray (N 3.25/ 7.7% R) -discoloration ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 4.9 x 3.7 x 1.8 cm (33 g)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4uk7q4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1937 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Mexico",
 "TaxonKey is Bassariscus astutus (Lichtenstein, 1830)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1937 records from 79 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0057495-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yeuj7d
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1135 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Hypericum connatum Lam."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1135 records from 92 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0250602-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hyf2ba
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 37294610 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year 2022-2022"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 37294610 records from 1316 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0227397-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1198779.10fu
title: SH1198779.10FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1198782.10fu
title: SH1198782.10FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.