cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659349
title: A Study of a Silicon Quasi-Periodic Segmented Waveguide

description: Abstract This paper presents a study of a segmented waveguide where the layers are distributed following the Fibonacci sequence and aims to diminish the scattering losses usually caused by imperfections in the core boundaries of the waveguide. This phenomenon normally happens in structures which present a high contrast between the refractive index of the core and the refractive index of the clad. The analyses were obtained through observations of wave fields that propagates along the waveguide, how the effective refractive index (neff) varies along the z-direction and the study of its normalized power. The simulation of this photonic component was accomplished with the help of the Vectorial Beam Propagation Method (VBPM).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659349.v1
title: A Study of a Silicon Quasi-Periodic Segmented Waveguide

description: Abstract This paper presents a study of a segmented waveguide where the layers are distributed following the Fibonacci sequence and aims to diminish the scattering losses usually caused by imperfections in the core boundaries of the waveguide. This phenomenon normally happens in structures which present a high contrast between the refractive index of the core and the refractive index of the clad. The analyses were obtained through observations of wave fields that propagates along the waveguide, how the effective refractive index (neff) varies along the z-direction and the study of its normalized power. The simulation of this photonic component was accomplished with the help of the Vectorial Beam Propagation Method (VBPM).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659351
title: HPLC-MS/MS method for determination of betamethasone in human plasma with application to a dichorionic twin pregnancy pharmacokinetic and placental transfers studies

description: Abstract Betamethasone (BET) is a synthetic glucocorticoid recommended for pregnant women at imminent risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks to reduce neonatal complications. There are different techniques to describe BET plasma quantification. However, none quantified the plasmatic concentration of BET in dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancies using LC-MS. Our objectives were to develop and validate a method for quantifying BET by LC-MS for pharmacokinetic (PK) and placental transfer studies in DC twin pregnancies. Blood samples were collected after intramuscular administration of a single BET dose containing 6 mg disodium phosphate + 6 mg acetate. BET was determined in plasma by liquid-liquid extraction. The method showed linearity in the range of 2-250 ng/mL, as well as precision and accuracy with a coefficient of variation and relative standard errors ≤ 15%. Additionally, the method presented selectivity and did not present matrix or carry-over effect. Stability tests also presented coefficient of variation and relative standard errors ≤ 15%. This is the first study which describe maternal and fetal plasma concentrations of BET in a DC twin pregnancy. The BET PK parameters were AUC0-∞, CL/F, Vd/F, Cmax, Tmax of 292.20 h*ng/mL, 39.08 L/h, 278.72 L, 25.55 ng/mL and 0.58 h, respectively. The placental transfer ratios of umbilical vein/maternal vein and intervillous space/maternal vein were 0.14 and 0.19 and 0.40 and 0.27 for both twins, respectively. However, a clinical study with more subjects is imperative to confirm this higher concentration of BET in the intervillous space.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659351.v1
title: HPLC-MS/MS method for determination of betamethasone in human plasma with application to a dichorionic twin pregnancy pharmacokinetic and placental transfers studies

description: Abstract Betamethasone (BET) is a synthetic glucocorticoid recommended for pregnant women at imminent risk of preterm birth before 34 weeks to reduce neonatal complications. There are different techniques to describe BET plasma quantification. However, none quantified the plasmatic concentration of BET in dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancies using LC-MS. Our objectives were to develop and validate a method for quantifying BET by LC-MS for pharmacokinetic (PK) and placental transfer studies in DC twin pregnancies. Blood samples were collected after intramuscular administration of a single BET dose containing 6 mg disodium phosphate + 6 mg acetate. BET was determined in plasma by liquid-liquid extraction. The method showed linearity in the range of 2-250 ng/mL, as well as precision and accuracy with a coefficient of variation and relative standard errors ≤ 15%. Additionally, the method presented selectivity and did not present matrix or carry-over effect. Stability tests also presented coefficient of variation and relative standard errors ≤ 15%. This is the first study which describe maternal and fetal plasma concentrations of BET in a DC twin pregnancy. The BET PK parameters were AUC0-∞, CL/F, Vd/F, Cmax, Tmax of 292.20 h*ng/mL, 39.08 L/h, 278.72 L, 25.55 ng/mL and 0.58 h, respectively. The placental transfer ratios of umbilical vein/maternal vein and intervillous space/maternal vein were 0.14 and 0.19 and 0.40 and 0.27 for both twins, respectively. However, a clinical study with more subjects is imperative to confirm this higher concentration of BET in the intervillous space.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659352
title: Mediation as a strategic form of conflict resolution in agricultural cooperatives

description: Abstract Agricultural cooperatives are subject to the so-called Crisis of the Judiciary, which is marked by the length of proceedings, high costs, excessive bureaucratization, and diversity of demands that are not always the comprehension of the judge. On the other hand, the cooperative construction of the solution of a conflict is consistent the nature of the cooperatives and their social function. This paper aims to indicate the advantages of using mediation as a strategic form of conflict resolution in agricultural cooperatives. It starts from the jurisprudential research of appeals brought in the TJPR between 08/2016 to 08/2017 to demonstrate, in quantitative terms, that the conflicts brought to the Judiciary, in the analyzed context, are not resolved in an advantageous way to the agricultural cooperatives. Then, based on a theoretical approach and the interrelation between the topics covered, it seeks to observe the advantages and disadvantages of mediation applied to conflicts in cooperatives. The research revealed the predominant insurgence by cooperatives in relation to decisions a quo, and the high unsuccess rate regarding appellate decisions which are mostly unfavorable for cooperatives. Further, it highlights many limitations in taking disputes to court, which are practically eliminated by mediation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659352.v1
title: Mediation as a strategic form of conflict resolution in agricultural cooperatives

description: Abstract Agricultural cooperatives are subject to the so-called Crisis of the Judiciary, which is marked by the length of proceedings, high costs, excessive bureaucratization, and diversity of demands that are not always the comprehension of the judge. On the other hand, the cooperative construction of the solution of a conflict is consistent the nature of the cooperatives and their social function. This paper aims to indicate the advantages of using mediation as a strategic form of conflict resolution in agricultural cooperatives. It starts from the jurisprudential research of appeals brought in the TJPR between 08/2016 to 08/2017 to demonstrate, in quantitative terms, that the conflicts brought to the Judiciary, in the analyzed context, are not resolved in an advantageous way to the agricultural cooperatives. Then, based on a theoretical approach and the interrelation between the topics covered, it seeks to observe the advantages and disadvantages of mediation applied to conflicts in cooperatives. The research revealed the predominant insurgence by cooperatives in relation to decisions a quo, and the high unsuccess rate regarding appellate decisions which are mostly unfavorable for cooperatives. Further, it highlights many limitations in taking disputes to court, which are practically eliminated by mediation.
DOI: 10.11583/dtu.11786763
title: Vehicle Routing with Cross-Docking

description: The Vehicle Routing Problem with Cross-Docking is a variant of the classic vehicle routing problem. In this case a cross dock is used to consolidate loads to maximize the utilization of the fleet of vehicles. <br><br>The dataset presented here was originally developed for the paper "Vehicle routing with cross-docking" published in Journal of Operational Research Society, vol 60, issue 12, pp 1708-1718 (2009).<br>A link to the technical report of the paper is provided here. The section on Data from page 13 provides a description of the data.<br><br>DESCRIPTION OF DATA FILES<br><br>Each VRPCD instance corresponds to two data files: the location file (e.g. Data50_d.txt) and time windows: (e.g. Data50_d_tw.txt)<br>The format of location file:<br>It contains n+2 lines:- the first line:number of requests, vehicle capacity, <br>start time for each vehicle, end time for each vehicle, <br>vehicle speed, preparation time for unloading/reloading, time for unloading/reloading each pallet<br><br>- the second line (terminal information): id, xccord, yccord, xccord, yccord, demand<br>the rest (request information)<br>for each request i (i=1,...,n):<br> request id, xccord of delivery node, yccord of delivery node, <br> xccord of pickup node, yccord of pickup node, demand of the request <br><br>The format of time windows file:<br>It contains n lines<br>for each request i (i=1,...,n):<br> earliest service time for the delivery node, latest service time for the delivery node, <br> earliest service time for the pickup node, latest service time for the pickup node, <br>
DOI: 10.11583/dtu.11786763.v1
title: Vehicle Routing with Cross-Docking

description: The Vehicle Routing Problem with Cross-Docking is a variant of the classic vehicle routing problem. In this case a cross dock is used to consolidate loads to maximize the utilization of the fleet of vehicles. <br><br>The dataset presented here was originally developed for the paper "Vehicle routing with cross-docking" published in Journal of Operational Research Society, vol 60, issue 12, pp 1708-1718 (2009).<br>A link to the technical report of the paper is provided here. The section on Data from page 13 provides a description of the data.<br><br>DESCRIPTION OF DATA FILES<br><br>Each VRPCD instance corresponds to two data files: the location file (e.g. Data50_d.txt) and time windows: (e.g. Data50_d_tw.txt)<br>The format of location file:<br>It contains n+2 lines:- the first line:number of requests, vehicle capacity, <br>start time for each vehicle, end time for each vehicle, <br>vehicle speed, preparation time for unloading/reloading, time for unloading/reloading each pallet<br><br>- the second line (terminal information): id, xccord, yccord, xccord, yccord, demand<br>the rest (request information)<br>for each request i (i=1,...,n):<br> request id, xccord of delivery node, yccord of delivery node, <br> xccord of pickup node, yccord of pickup node, demand of the request <br><br>The format of time windows file:<br>It contains n lines<br>for each request i (i=1,...,n):<br> earliest service time for the delivery node, latest service time for the delivery node, <br> earliest service time for the pickup node, latest service time for the pickup node, <br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659354
title: Maize-ruzigrass intercropping, nitrogen fertilization and plant density improve the performance of soybean grown in succession

description: ABSTRACT Second-crop maize-ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) intercropping, nitrogen (N) fertilization, and high maize plant densities enhance biomass production and N cycling, which may favor soybean growth and yield in the following season. This study aimed to assess the effects of second-crop maize-ruzigrass intercropping, N top dressing, and maize plant density on straw production in autumn/winter, N cycling, and agronomic performance of soybean crops grown in succession. Field experiments were installed in the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons using a randomized complete block design with split-split plots and four replications. The following factors were investigated: cropping system (sole maize and maize intercropped with ruzigrass), N top dressing (0 and 80 kg ha-1), and maize plant density (40, 60, 80, and 100 thousand plants ha-1). Maize-ruzigrass intercropping improved straw yield (2,365 kg ha-1) and N cycling (50 kg ha-1), and increased soybean yield in the following season (232 kg ha-1). N fertilization of maize increased soybean grain yield by 180 kg ha-1. Maize plant density did not influence the performance of succeeding soybean crops, regardless of the growing season.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659354.v1
title: Maize-ruzigrass intercropping, nitrogen fertilization and plant density improve the performance of soybean grown in succession

description: ABSTRACT Second-crop maize-ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) intercropping, nitrogen (N) fertilization, and high maize plant densities enhance biomass production and N cycling, which may favor soybean growth and yield in the following season. This study aimed to assess the effects of second-crop maize-ruzigrass intercropping, N top dressing, and maize plant density on straw production in autumn/winter, N cycling, and agronomic performance of soybean crops grown in succession. Field experiments were installed in the 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 seasons using a randomized complete block design with split-split plots and four replications. The following factors were investigated: cropping system (sole maize and maize intercropped with ruzigrass), N top dressing (0 and 80 kg ha-1), and maize plant density (40, 60, 80, and 100 thousand plants ha-1). Maize-ruzigrass intercropping improved straw yield (2,365 kg ha-1) and N cycling (50 kg ha-1), and increased soybean yield in the following season (232 kg ha-1). N fertilization of maize increased soybean grain yield by 180 kg ha-1. Maize plant density did not influence the performance of succeeding soybean crops, regardless of the growing season.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659357
title: Preparatory Year Students’ Perception of Pharmacy Profession as a Career Choice: A Cross-Sectional Study

description: Abstract The study attempted to assess preparatory year students’ perception towards pharmacists and the pharmacy profession. This cross-sectional survey was conducted between December 2019 and March 2020. The students were invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire via Google Forms®. In total, 244 students, of which 53.7% were female with the mean age of 19.2 ± 0.65, from 12 universities participated in this study. As per our findings, the majority of the respondents (91.8%) regard pharmacy as a well-respected profession, 82.4% thought pharmacists are important decision-makers, 68.4% disagreed that most pharmacists were unkind, and 60.7% did not agree that pharmacy was a low-status occupation. Meanwhile, 95.5% agreed that pharmacists must have a university degree, 88.6% agreed pharmacists must take responsibility for patients, and 82.8% believed pharmacists had to work too hard. Moreover, 62.3% did not think pharmacy was a low-skill occupation, 54.9% did not agree pharmacists must do unpleasant things, and 45.1% disagreed pharmacists only did what physicians requested of them. Lastly, 48.8% had low confidence in choosing pharmacy as a career. The students’ overall perception toward pharmacists and the pharmacy profession was favorable. However, only one-fourth of the students displayed a tendency to choose pharmacy as a future career.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659357.v1
title: Preparatory Year Students’ Perception of Pharmacy Profession as a Career Choice: A Cross-Sectional Study

description: Abstract The study attempted to assess preparatory year students’ perception towards pharmacists and the pharmacy profession. This cross-sectional survey was conducted between December 2019 and March 2020. The students were invited to complete an anonymous questionnaire via Google Forms®. In total, 244 students, of which 53.7% were female with the mean age of 19.2 ± 0.65, from 12 universities participated in this study. As per our findings, the majority of the respondents (91.8%) regard pharmacy as a well-respected profession, 82.4% thought pharmacists are important decision-makers, 68.4% disagreed that most pharmacists were unkind, and 60.7% did not agree that pharmacy was a low-status occupation. Meanwhile, 95.5% agreed that pharmacists must have a university degree, 88.6% agreed pharmacists must take responsibility for patients, and 82.8% believed pharmacists had to work too hard. Moreover, 62.3% did not think pharmacy was a low-skill occupation, 54.9% did not agree pharmacists must do unpleasant things, and 45.1% disagreed pharmacists only did what physicians requested of them. Lastly, 48.8% had low confidence in choosing pharmacy as a career. The students’ overall perception toward pharmacists and the pharmacy profession was favorable. However, only one-fourth of the students displayed a tendency to choose pharmacy as a future career.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659363
title: Age and Type of Delivery as Risk Indicators for Maternal Mortality

description: Abstract Objective: This study assessed maternal mortality (MM) and related factors in a large-sized municipality in the Southeastern region of Brazil (Campinas, São Paulo) during the period 2000-2015. Methods: This study consisted of two phases: 1. An analytical nested case-control phase that assessed the impact of individual and contextual variables on MM; and 2. an ecological phase designed to contextualize maternal deaths by means of spatial analysis. The case group consisted of all maternal deaths (n = 87) and the control group consisted of 348 women who gave birth during the same period. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, association, and multiple logistic regression (MLR) tests at p &lt; 0.05 as well as spatial analysis. Results: Maternal Mortality Ratio was 37 deaths per 100.000 live births. Deaths were dispersed throughout the urban territory and no formation of cluster was observed. MLR showed that pregnant women aged &gt; 35 years old (OR = 2.63) or those with cesarean delivery (OR = 2.51) were more prone to maternal death. Conclusion: Maternal deaths were distributed dispersedly among the different socioeconomic levels and more prone to occur among older women or those undergoing cesarean deliveries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.23659363.v1
title: Age and Type of Delivery as Risk Indicators for Maternal Mortality

description: Abstract Objective: This study assessed maternal mortality (MM) and related factors in a large-sized municipality in the Southeastern region of Brazil (Campinas, São Paulo) during the period 2000-2015. Methods: This study consisted of two phases: 1. An analytical nested case-control phase that assessed the impact of individual and contextual variables on MM; and 2. an ecological phase designed to contextualize maternal deaths by means of spatial analysis. The case group consisted of all maternal deaths (n = 87) and the control group consisted of 348 women who gave birth during the same period. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, association, and multiple logistic regression (MLR) tests at p &lt; 0.05 as well as spatial analysis. Results: Maternal Mortality Ratio was 37 deaths per 100.000 live births. Deaths were dispersed throughout the urban territory and no formation of cluster was observed. MLR showed that pregnant women aged &gt; 35 years old (OR = 2.63) or those with cesarean delivery (OR = 2.51) were more prone to maternal death. Conclusion: Maternal deaths were distributed dispersedly among the different socioeconomic levels and more prone to occur among older women or those undergoing cesarean deliveries.
DOI: 10.5519/qd.p29bij7j
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (33 records)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22638356
title: Liver steatosis as a predictor of incident diabetes in adults: a prospective evaluation in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

description: Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes, and that NAFLD may precede and/or promote the development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether liver steatosis is associated with the incidence of diabetes in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). The ELSA-Brasil is an occupational cohort study of active or retired civil servants, aged 35-74 years, in six capital cities in Brazil. We excluded participants with diabetes at baseline, those who reported excessive alcohol consumption or with missing information on relevant covariates, and those with self-referred hepatitis or cirrhosis. In total, 8,166 individuals participated, and the mean duration of follow-up was 3.8 years. The Cox proportional regression model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the associations. Abdominal ultrasonography was used to detect liver steatosis. In the follow-up period, the cumulative incidence of diabetes was 5.25% in the whole sample, 7.83% and 3.88% in the groups with and without hepatic steatosis, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to those without steatosis, individuals with hepatic steatosis had an increased risk of developing diabetes (HR = 1.31; 95%CI: 1.09-1.56) after adjustment for potential confounders, including body mass index (BMI). Hepatic steatosis was an independent predictor of incident diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil cohort study. Physicians should encourage changes in lifestyle and screen for diabetes in patients with fatty liver.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22638356.v1
title: Liver steatosis as a predictor of incident diabetes in adults: a prospective evaluation in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil)

description: Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes, and that NAFLD may precede and/or promote the development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate whether liver steatosis is associated with the incidence of diabetes in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). The ELSA-Brasil is an occupational cohort study of active or retired civil servants, aged 35-74 years, in six capital cities in Brazil. We excluded participants with diabetes at baseline, those who reported excessive alcohol consumption or with missing information on relevant covariates, and those with self-referred hepatitis or cirrhosis. In total, 8,166 individuals participated, and the mean duration of follow-up was 3.8 years. The Cox proportional regression model was used to estimate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the associations. Abdominal ultrasonography was used to detect liver steatosis. In the follow-up period, the cumulative incidence of diabetes was 5.25% in the whole sample, 7.83% and 3.88% in the groups with and without hepatic steatosis, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to those without steatosis, individuals with hepatic steatosis had an increased risk of developing diabetes (HR = 1.31; 95%CI: 1.09-1.56) after adjustment for potential confounders, including body mass index (BMI). Hepatic steatosis was an independent predictor of incident diabetes in the ELSA-Brasil cohort study. Physicians should encourage changes in lifestyle and screen for diabetes in patients with fatty liver.