cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25675/10217/196493
title: Data associated with "Resilience and regime shifts: Do novel communities impede ecological recovery in a historically metal-contaminated stream?"

description: Data include macroinvertebrates and water quality collected from upstream and downstream locations at the Arkansas River (near Leadville, Colorado) and in experimental stream mesocosms. Field data were collected between 1989 and 2017. Mesocosm data were collected from 2009-2017.
description: Novel communities that result from exposure to contaminants and other anthropogenic stressors often persist in ecosystems that have experienced regime shifts. Because these systems may not return to pre-disturbance conditions after removal of the stressor, understanding the ecological consequences of regime shifts has important implications for how restoration success is defined. Long-term observational studies can potentially identify regime shifts in disturbed ecosystems; however, experimental approaches may be necessary to demonstrate their ecological consequences. We report results of a long-term (28 year) observational study and a series of stream mesocosm experiments that investigated a regime shift in a mining-contaminated watershed. We tested the hypothesis that establishment of a novel, metal-tolerant macroinvertebrate community in a previously contaminated stream impeded recovery of sensitive species, despite significant improvements in water quality over the past two decades. Despite significant improvements in water quality, abundance and species richness, we observed persistent changes in community composition and trophic structure downstream from a former source of metal contamination. Downstream communities were dominated by large, metal-tolerant caddisflies that likely impeded colonization by metal-sensitive groups (e.g., grazing mayflies). Mesocosm experiments conducted with reference and downstream communities demonstrated that novel communities retained their tolerance to metals, but were significantly more sensitive to other stressors. We suggest that the failure of downstream communities to recover represented a contaminant-induced regime shift that resulted from the sustained dominance of metal-tolerant species. Restoration ecologists generally consider increased species diversity or abundance of recreationally/commercially important species as indicators of restoration success. However, few stream restoration projects have quantified ecological resilience, and none have included a significant experimental component. Our research is the first to experimentally demonstrate that novel communities in a stream recovering from historical metal pollution have lower resilience to other (e.g., non-metal) stressors. These results have important implications for how restoration success is defined. In systems where restoration to pre-disturbance conditions is unlikely, a better understanding of the ecological resilience of novel communities may be critical for assessing the restoration success. We suggest that resilience to novel stressors is an important indicator of restoration effectiveness that may be applicable in other aquatic ecosystems.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/216207
title: Dataset associated with "A machine-learning approach to human footprint index estimation with applications to sustainable development"

description: The data are a set of gridded raster maps corresponding to the Human Footprint Index (HFI) for the years 2000 and 2019. The data presented here are based on two other openly accessible datasets: 1. The human footprint index data by Williams et al. https://github.com/scabecks/humanfootprint_2000-2013; 2. Global Forest Cover data https://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/science-2013-global-forest/download_v1.7.html.
description: Fundamental to the success of sustainable development is a foundation of intact ecosystems. While the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 15, “Life on Land”, seeks to protect biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems, accelerating human-driven changes across the Earth system are undermining efforts to preserve biodiversity. Understanding this tension has never been more urgent and requires tools that reveal pathways for development that also support biodiversity. Here we introduce a near-present, global-scale machine learning-based human footprint index which is capable of routine update. By comparing global changes in the machine learning human footprint index between 2000 and 2019 to national-scale biodiversity metrics for Goal 15, we find that some countries are experiencing increases in their human footprint while biodiversity metrics are improving as well. We further examine development and policy dynamics to uncover enabling mechanisms for balancing increased human pressure with biodiversity gains. This has immediate policy relevance, since the majority of countries globally are not on track to achieve Goal 15 by the declared deadline of 2030. Moving forward, the machine learning human footprint index can be used for ongoing monitoring and evaluation support toward the twin goals of fostering a thriving society and global Earth system.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/173564
title: Adult female mule deer global positioning system radio collar data from the Piceance Basin, CO, USA, 2008 – 2010

description: Data were collected from January 2008 through May 2010.
description: These data represent GPS radio collar data from adult female mule deer (&gt; 1 year old) on their winter range in the Piceance Basin in NW Colorado. The data are from 54 unique individuals fit with collars set to attempt a relocation once every 5 hours. As data represent the precise locations of a hunted species, the locations are relative locations: a constant value has been subtracted from each location. The original projection of the data is NAD 1983 UTM Zone 12N.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/234545
title: Dataset associated with "El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictability in equilibrated warmer climates"

description: The Niño 3.4 index calculated from the LongRunMIP outputs of global and annual TAS in seven models (CCSM3, CESM104, CNRMCM61, GISSE2R, HadCM3L, IPSLCM5A, and MPIESM12) with two forcing levels (control and abrupt4x). The LongRunMIP outputs are gained from an archive described in Rugenstein et al. 2019. All simulations used here are millennial-length long. Predictability.txt and characteristics.txt contain the changes of ENSO characteristics (frequency and events' duration) and ENSO predictability (6-month averaged accuracy). The explained variance of ENSO predictability by ENSO characteristics in the observations, control simulations, and changes between control and abrupt4x simulations.
description: Institute of Oceanography, The Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
description: Responses of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to global warming remain uncertain, which challenges ENSO forecasts in a warming climate. We investigate changes in ENSO characteristics and predictability in idealized simulations with quadrupled CO2 forcing from seven general circulation models. Comparing the warmer climate to control simulations, ENSO variability weakens, with the neutral state lasts longer, while active ENSO states last shorter and skew to favor the La Niña state. Six-month persistence-assessed ENSO predictability slightly reduces in five models and increases in two models under the warming condition. While the overall changes in ENSO predictability are insignificant, we find significant relationships between changes in predictability and intensity, duration and skewness of the three individual ENSO states. The maximal contribution to changes in the predictability of El Niño, La Niña and neutral states stems from changes in skewness and events' duration. Our findings show that a robust and significant decrease in ENSO characteristics does not imply a similar change in ENSO predictability in a warmer climate. This could be due to model deficiencies in ENSO dynamics and limitations in persistence model when predicting ENSO.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/191189
title: Dataset associated with "Polyhedral optimizations of RNA-RNA interaction computations"

description: These files can be used to re-create the results in the thesis manuscript: "Polyhedral Optimizations of RNA-RNA Interaction Computations". One will need to use the AlphaZ tool (http://www.cs.colostate.edu/AlphaZ/wiki/doku.php) to produce result from the .ab and .cs file. For users not aware of AlphaZ can use the C codes.
description: Studying RNA-RNA interaction has led to major successes in the treatment of some cancers, including colon, breast and pancreatic cancer by suppressing the gene expression involved in the development of these diseases. The problem with such programs is that they are computationally and memory intensive: O(N4) space and O(N6) time complexity. Moreover, the entire applicationis complicated and involves many mutually recursive data variables. We address the problem of speeding up a surrogate kernel (named OSPSQ) that captures the main dependence pattern foundin two widely used RNA-RNA interaction applications- IRIS and piRNA. The structure of the OSPSQ kernel perfectly fits the constraints of the polyhedral model, a well-developed technology for optimizing codes that belong to many specialized domains. However, the current state-of-the-art automatic polyhedral tools do not significantly improve the performance of the baseline implementation of OSPSQ. With simple techniques like loop permutation and skewing, we achieve an average of 17x sequential and 31x parallel speedup on a standard modern multi-core platform (Intel Broadwell, E5-1650v4). This performance represents 75% and 88% of attainable single-core and multi-core L1 bandwidth. For further performance improvement, we describe how to tile all six dimensions and also formulate the associated memory trade-off. In the future, we plan to implement these tiling strategies, explore the performance of the code for various tile sizes and optimize the whole piRNA application.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/87160
title: SGS-LTER GIS layer with detailed information on pasture treatment on Central Plains Experimental Range, Nunn, Colorado, USA 2012

description: This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Repository (http://hdl.handle.net/10217/100254). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/173652
title: Stem level spring current annual growth on experimental plots in Yellowstone's Northern Range, 2003-2015

description: Zip file includes: data; metadata files with metadata for column fields.
description: Data file and metadata sheet for column fields.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/201555
title: Mongolian livestock data

description: The file "Mongolia_livestock_numbers_1970_2014.tsv" contains the raw livestock numbers and the conversions to sheep units collected by Jay Angerer (jangerer@brc.tamus.edu) on 09/07/2016 from The Mongolia Office of National Statistics (MNS) from 1970 to 2014 by kind and soum (http://www.1212.mn/).
DOI: 10.25675/10217/198162
title: Data set associated with "A low-cost monitor for simultaneous measurement of fine particulate matter and aerosol optical depth – Part 1: Specifications and testing"

description: This dataset include results from validation experiments of the Aerosol Mass and Optical Depth (AMOD) air pollution monitor. There is a unique file associated with the validation of the three primary subcomponents of the AMOD: the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) sensors, the gravimetric particulate matter sampler, and the light scattering particulate matter sensor. Validation experiments were performed between October and December of 2017.
description: Globally, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution is a leading contributor to death, disease, and environmental degradation. Satellite-based measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) are used to estimate PM2.5 concentrations across the world, but the relationship between satellite-estimated AOD and ground-level PM2.5 is uncertain. Sun photometers measure AOD from the Earth's surface and are often used to improve satellite data; however, reference-grade photometers and PM2.5 monitors are expensive and rarely co-located. This work presents the development and validation of the Aerosol Mass and Optical Depth (AMOD) sampler, an inexpensive and compact device that simultaneously measures PM2.5 mass and AOD. The AMOD utilizes a low-cost light-scattering sensor in combination with a gravimetric filter measurement to quantify ground-level PM2.5. Aerosol optical depth is measured using optically filtered photodiodes at four discrete wavelengths. Field validation studies revealed agreement within 10% for AOD values measured between co-located AMOD and AErosol RObotics NETwork (AERONET) monitors and for PM2.5 mass measured between co-located AMOD and EPA Federal Equivalent Method (FEM) monitors. These results demonstrate that the AMOD can quantify AOD and PM2.5 accurately at a fraction of the cost of existing reference monitors.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/83317
title: SGS-LTER ecosystem stress area: long-term dataset following nutrient enrichment stress on the Central Plains Experimental Range in Nunn, Colorado, USA, ARS study number 3

description: The Short Grass Steppe site encompasses a large portion of the Colorado Piedmont Section of the western Great Plains. The extent is defined as the boundaries of the Central Plains Experimental Range (CPER). The CPER has a single ownership and landuse (livestock grazing). The PNG is characterized by a mosaic of ownership and land use. Ownership includes federal, state or private and land use consists of livestock grazing or row-crops. There are NGO conservation groups that exert influence over the area, particularly on federal lands.
description: This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Repository (http://hdl.handle.net/10217/100254). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. The effect of plant community structure on nutrient cycling is fundamental to our understanding of ecosystem function. We examined the importance of plant species and plant cover (i.e. plant covered microsites vs bare soil) on nutrient cycling in shortgrass steppe of northeastern Colorado. We tested the effects of both plant species and cover on soils in an area of undisturbed shortgrass steppe and an area that had undergone nitrogen and water additions from 1971 to 1974, resulting in significant shifts in plant species composition.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/195014
title: Data associated with the manuscript: Influence of single-nanoparticle electrochromic dynamics on the durability and speed of smart windows

description: The .zip file contains the source code and associated data to process the raw image files in the Raw Image Files folder. The metadata.txt file describes the attached files. The .m files are commented so that the user can reproduce the optical density trajectory analysis procedure.
description: Authors are from: Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA, Department of Statistics, Winona State University, Winona, MN, 55987, USA, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA, School of Advanced Materials Discovery (SAMD), Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
description: Nanomaterials have tremendous potential to increase electrochromic smart window efficiency, speed, and durability. However, nanoparticles vary in size, shape, and surface defects, and it is unknown how nanoparticle heterogeneity contributes to particle dependent electrochromic properties. Here, we use single-nanoparticle level electro-optical imaging to measure structure–function relationships in electrochromic tungsten oxide nanorods. Single nanorods exhibit a particle-dependent waiting time for tinting (from 100 ms to 10 s) due to Li-ion insertion at optically inactive surface sites. Longer nanorods tint darker than shorter nanorods and exhibit a Li-ion gradient that increases from the nanorod ends to the middle. The particle-dependent ion-insertion kinetics contribute to variable tinting rates and magnitudes across large-area smart windows. Next, we quantified how particle–particle interactions impact tinting dynamics and reversibility as the nanorod building blocks are assembled into a thin film. Interestingly, single particles tint 4 times faster and cycle 20 times more reversibly than thin films made of the same particles. These findings allow us to propose a nanostructured electrode architecture that optimizes optical modulation rates and reversibility across large-area smart windows.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/233937
title: Dataset associated with “Context dependency of disease-mediated competitive release in bat assemblages following white-nose syndrome”

description: Dataset of bat acoustic detections across four study areas in the US to study the impact of white-nose syndrome on bat community interactions. Data collected from 2003-2017 at four study locations in the United States, including Fenrnow Experimental Forest, WV; Fort Pickett, VA; Fort Drum, NY; two locations in Wisconsin.
description: White-nose syndrome (WNS) has caused dramatic declines of several cave-hibernating bat species in North America since 2006, which has increased the activity of non-susceptible species in some geographic areas or during times of night formerly occupied by susceptible species - indicative of disease-mediated competitive release (DMCR). Yet, this pattern has not been evaluated across multiple bat assemblages simultaneously or across multiple years since WNS onset. We evaluated whether WNS altered spatial and temporal niche partitioning in bat assemblages at four locations in the eastern United States using long-term datasets of bat acoustic activity collected before and after WNS arrival. Activity of WNS-susceptible bat species decreased by 79-98% from pre-WNS levels across the four study locations, but only one of our four study sites provided strong evidence supporting the DMCR hypothesis in bats post-WNS. These results suggest that DMCR is likely dependent on the relative difference in activity by susceptible and non-susceptible species groups pre-WNS and the relative decline of susceptible species post-WNS allowing for competitive release, as well as the amount of time that had elapsed post-WNS. Our findings challenge the generality of WNS-mediated competitive release between susceptible and non-susceptible species and further highlight declining activity of some non-susceptible species, especially Lasiurus borealis, across three of four locations in the eastern US. These results underscore the broader need for conservation efforts to address the multiple potential interacting drivers of bat declines on both WNS susceptible and non-susceptible species.
DOI: 10.25675/10217/82150
title: SGS-LTER avian road counts, breeding bird survey, on the Pawnee National Grassland in eastern Colorado, USA

description: The Short Grass Steppe site encompasses a large portion of the Colorado Piedmont Section of the western Great Plains. The extent is defined as the boundaries of the Central Plains Experimental Range (CPER). The CPER has a single ownership and landuse (livestock grazing). The PNG is characterized by a mosaic of ownership and land use. Ownership includes federal, state or private and land use consists of livestock grazing or row-crops. There are NGO conservation groups that exert influence over the area, particularly on federal lands.
description: This data package was produced by researchers working on the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research (SGS-LTER) Project, administered at Colorado State University. Long-term datasets and background information (proposals, reports, photographs, etc.) on the SGS-LTER project are contained in a comprehensive project collection within the Repository (http://hdl.handle.net/10217/100254). The data table and associated metadata document, which is generated in Ecological Metadata Language, may be available through other repositories serving the ecological research community and represent components of the larger SGS-LTER project collection. The Breeding Bird Survey is a large-scale survey of North American birds. It is a roadside survey, primarily covering the continental United States and southern Canada, although survey routes have recently been initiated in Alaska and northern Mexico. The BBS was started in 1966, and the over 3,500 routes are surveyed in June by experienced birders. Routes 305, Nunn and 901, Rockport are located in the area of the SGS research site. The primary objective of the BBS has been the estimation of population change for songbirds. However, the data have many potential uses, and investigators have used the data to address a variety of research and management objectives. In the USGS-BBS Home Page, results from the BBS are summarized and pictures of birds and other species are information. Data from 1966-2002 were managed by the SGS-LTER project.