cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24495898.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Monogenic Causes Identified in 23.68% of Children with Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome: A Single-Centre Study

description: Introduction: Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is the second most common cause of end-stage kidney disease in children, mostly associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Advances in genomic science have enabled the identification of causative variants in 20 – 30% of SRNS patients. 
Methods: We used whole exome sequencing (WES) to explore the genetic causes of SRNS in children. Totally 101 patients with SRNS, and 13 patients with nephrotic proteinuria and FSGS were retrospectively enrolled in our hospital between 2018 and 2022. For the known monogenic causes analysis, we generated a known SRNS gene list of 71 genes through reviewing the OMIM database and literature.
Results: Causative variants were identified in 23.68% of our cohort, and the most frequently mutated genes in our cohort were WT1 (7/27), NPHS1 (3/27), ADCK4(3/27), and ANLN (2/27). Five patients carried variants in phenocopy genes, including MYH9, MAFB, TTC21B, AGRN, and FAT4. The variant detection rate was the highest in the two subtype groups with congenital nephrotic syndrome and syndromic SRNS. In total, 68.75% of variants we identified were novel, and have not been previously reported in literature. 
Conclusion: Comprehensive genetic analysis is key to realizing the clinical benefits of a genetic diagnosis. We suggest that all children with SRNS undergo genetic testing, especially those with early onset and extrarenal phenotypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24763902.v1
title: HGNNPIP: A Hybrid Graph Neural Network framework for Protein-protein Interaction Prediction

description: A deep understanding of Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) can provide comprehensive insights into many biological functions, thereby facilitating drug target identification and novel therapeutic design. Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI)-driven computational methods have enabled the discovery of previously uncharacterized PPIs from large-scale interactome datasets. Almost all existing machine learning methods rely on Subcellular Localization (SL) to construct balanced datasets based on positive interactions to achieve predictions. Despite high fitting accuracy, the generalization ability of these models is questionable. To solve this problem, we analyzed existing methods and found that the high false positives in these methods are due to the bias in data distribution caused by SL. Therefore, we proposed a new strategy for negative instance sampling in PPI prediction and developed a Hybrid Graph Neural Network framework for Protein-protein Interaction Prediction (HGNNPIP). The experimental results showed that HGNNPIP works well on six benchmark datasets. Comparison analysis demonstrated that our model outperformed the other four existing methods. We also used HGNNPIP to explore the molecular contacts involved in the rice-pathogen interaction system. In vivo experiments confirmed multiple regulations related to disease resistance in rice. In summary, this study provides new insights into establishing a computational framework for PPI prediction with high reliability.
DOI: 10.5523/bris.gh2mqnlzw3q329kury6huie47
title: Aeroacoustic characteristics of twin-isolated system in forward flight

description: This study presents an experimental investigation of the aeroacoustic characteristics of isolated-twin propeller configurations in forward flight, with a focus on the effect of the blade tip separation distance between the propeller blades. Two identical 5-bladed propellers with a diameter of D = 9” and P/D = 1 were used. Measurements were acquired at fine increments of wind tunnel speeds ranging from 8 m/s to 16 m/s corresponding to various advance ratios while maintaining a constant rotational speed of 8000 rotations per minute. The spectra and directivity of the far-field noise were studied in detail for both broadband and tonal components.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24721215
title: Supplementary Material for: The impact of maternal and perinatal factors on the neonatal electrocardiogram

description: Introduction: Myocardial development is still transitioning by the time of birth making the cardiomyocyte vulnerable to maternal and perinatal factors. We aimed at investigating the impact of maternal and perinatal factors on the neonatal electrocardiogram.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, neonates underwent cardiac evaluation with electrocardiograms and echocardiograms (age 0-30 days). Associations between medical and demographic data, pregnancy, and birth-related factors and electrocardiographic parameters were assessed.

Results: A total of 15,928 singletons with normal echocardiograms were included (52% boys). Neonates were divided into groups by accumulated number of maternal/perinatal factors: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and ≥5, and between-group differences in electrocardiographic parameters were analysed. We observed an additive effect with a leftward shift of the QRS axis and QT prolongation (all p&lt;0.01). Comparing extreme groups (0 vs. ≥5 maternal/perinatal factors), we found a 4.3% more left-shifted QRS axis (117 vs. 112°, p&lt;0.001) and a 0.8% prolonged QTcFridericia (QTcF; 363 vs. 366 ms, p&lt;0.001); the effect on QTcF was most pronounced in neonates examined in the first week of life (360 vs. 368 ms, p&lt;0.0001).

Conclusion: We observed a cumulative effect of maternal and perinatal factors on neonatal electrocardiographic parameters, including a more left-shifted QRS axis and increased QT duration, although the variation was within normal reference ranges. Our findings add to the knowledge on the neonatal cardiac transition and the cardiac effect of maternal/perinatal factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24721215.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The impact of maternal and perinatal factors on the neonatal electrocardiogram

description: Introduction: Myocardial development is still transitioning by the time of birth making the cardiomyocyte vulnerable to maternal and perinatal factors. We aimed at investigating the impact of maternal and perinatal factors on the neonatal electrocardiogram.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, neonates underwent cardiac evaluation with electrocardiograms and echocardiograms (age 0-30 days). Associations between medical and demographic data, pregnancy, and birth-related factors and electrocardiographic parameters were assessed.

Results: A total of 15,928 singletons with normal echocardiograms were included (52% boys). Neonates were divided into groups by accumulated number of maternal/perinatal factors: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and ≥5, and between-group differences in electrocardiographic parameters were analysed. We observed an additive effect with a leftward shift of the QRS axis and QT prolongation (all p&lt;0.01). Comparing extreme groups (0 vs. ≥5 maternal/perinatal factors), we found a 4.3% more left-shifted QRS axis (117 vs. 112°, p&lt;0.001) and a 0.8% prolonged QTcFridericia (QTcF; 363 vs. 366 ms, p&lt;0.001); the effect on QTcF was most pronounced in neonates examined in the first week of life (360 vs. 368 ms, p&lt;0.0001).

Conclusion: We observed a cumulative effect of maternal and perinatal factors on neonatal electrocardiographic parameters, including a more left-shifted QRS axis and increased QT duration, although the variation was within normal reference ranges. Our findings add to the knowledge on the neonatal cardiac transition and the cardiac effect of maternal/perinatal factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24524962
title: Supplementary Material for: Lipidomics reveals the effects of detergents on skin surface lipids in young adults

description: Background: Detergent is a chemical product commonly used in people's daily life. Contact with detergent solutions can damage the human skin barrier and cause skin diseases. Skin surface lipids (SSLs) play a decisive role in skin barrier function. This study aimed to observe the changes of SSLs in young adults after exposure to detergent solutions to explore the underlying mechanism of skin barrier function damage.
Methods: A self-controlled study on youth adults was conducted in Zhengzhou, China, in November 2020. The study lasted for a total of 1 week, and skin barrier function was assessed by trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) values. The changes of SSLs before and after exposure to the detergent with subjects were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS).
Results: The skin barrier function of subjects' hands was impaired after exposure to detergent (TEWL value increased, p&lt; 0.001). A total of 520 SSLs were detected, divided into 6 main categories. The average relative abundance of these 6 major lipids decreased after exposure. Sphingolipids (mainly ceramides), free fatty acids (mainly long-chain fatty acids), cholesterol lipids, and glycerophospholipids are the most severely damaged lipids.
Conclusion: Detergent solutions can damage the skin barrier function and SSLs of young hands, interventions targeting SSLs to eliminate detergent damage to human skin may be of value.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24524962.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Lipidomics reveals the effects of detergents on skin surface lipids in young adults

description: Background: Detergent is a chemical product commonly used in people's daily life. Contact with detergent solutions can damage the human skin barrier and cause skin diseases. Skin surface lipids (SSLs) play a decisive role in skin barrier function. This study aimed to observe the changes of SSLs in young adults after exposure to detergent solutions to explore the underlying mechanism of skin barrier function damage.
Methods: A self-controlled study on youth adults was conducted in Zhengzhou, China, in November 2020. The study lasted for a total of 1 week, and skin barrier function was assessed by trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) values. The changes of SSLs before and after exposure to the detergent with subjects were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS).
Results: The skin barrier function of subjects' hands was impaired after exposure to detergent (TEWL value increased, p&lt; 0.001). A total of 520 SSLs were detected, divided into 6 main categories. The average relative abundance of these 6 major lipids decreased after exposure. Sphingolipids (mainly ceramides), free fatty acids (mainly long-chain fatty acids), cholesterol lipids, and glycerophospholipids are the most severely damaged lipids.
Conclusion: Detergent solutions can damage the skin barrier function and SSLs of young hands, interventions targeting SSLs to eliminate detergent damage to human skin may be of value.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24542008
title: Supplementary Material for: The Effect of Astragalus on Humoral and Cellular Immune Response: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Studies

description: Objective: Astragalus is used in traditional Chinese medicine for immune system disorders. Its effect on immune system function is evaluated in multiple studies. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of Astragalus on humoral and cellular immune response in human studies.
Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published up to April 2023. Studies that assessed the impact of Astragalus on humoral and cellular immune markers were included. The data were extracted, and a random-effects meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall effect size. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on outcome measures.
Results: A total of 19 studies,including 1094 human participants, were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis of humoral immune markers revealed a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-ɣ, following Astragalus intervention (SMD -2.8765, 95% CI: -3.2385 to -2.5145, p &lt; 0.0001). In the cellular immunity domain, Astragalus was found to significantly increase CD3 levels and the CD4/CD8 ratio (SMD 2.4629, 95% CI: 1.9598; 2.9661). Subgroup analyses based on outcome measures supported these findings. However, substantial heterogeneity was observed among the included studies.

Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence supporting the immunomodulatory effects of Astragalus on humoral and cellular response. Astragalus demonstrated a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and an enhancement of cellular immune markers, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for immune-related disorders.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24542008.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The Effect of Astragalus on Humoral and Cellular Immune Response: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Human Studies

description: Objective: Astragalus is used in traditional Chinese medicine for immune system disorders. Its effect on immune system function is evaluated in multiple studies. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of Astragalus on humoral and cellular immune response in human studies.
Methods: A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published up to April 2023. Studies that assessed the impact of Astragalus on humoral and cellular immune markers were included. The data were extracted, and a random-effects meta-analysis was performed to determine the overall effect size. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on outcome measures.
Results: A total of 19 studies,including 1094 human participants, were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis of humoral immune markers revealed a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and IFN-ɣ, following Astragalus intervention (SMD -2.8765, 95% CI: -3.2385 to -2.5145, p &lt; 0.0001). In the cellular immunity domain, Astragalus was found to significantly increase CD3 levels and the CD4/CD8 ratio (SMD 2.4629, 95% CI: 1.9598; 2.9661). Subgroup analyses based on outcome measures supported these findings. However, substantial heterogeneity was observed among the included studies.

Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis provide evidence supporting the immunomodulatory effects of Astragalus on humoral and cellular response. Astragalus demonstrated a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines and an enhancement of cellular immune markers, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for immune-related disorders.
DOI: 10.22011/strenda_db.syncxf
title: Improving the catalytic characteristics of phenolic acid decarboxylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by the engineering of N-terminus and C-terminus

description: phenolic acid decarboxylase, N.A., null
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24671304
title: Supplementary Material for: Gastric Glomus Tumors: The Roles of Endoscopic Ultrasound and Shared Decision-Making

description: Gastric glomus tumors (GGT) are mesenchymal neoplasms with indolent behavior that originate from the subepithelial layers of the stomach and represent up to 1% of all gastric tumors. GGT is detected incidentally during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in a proportion of patients. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evaluation of GGT is essential to establish the diagnosis and to differentiate it from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) or gastric neuroendocrine tumors. An 80-year-old man who presented for abdominal discomfort was incidentally found to have a gastric antral nodule on EGD. Endoscopic biopsy demonstrated moderately erythematous gastric antral mucosa and a 1.5cm subepithelial lesion along the greater curvature. An EUS revealed a subepithelial 1.6cm x 1.3cm isoechoic, homogenous lesion with small calcifications. Immunohistochemical staining of the fine needle biopsy specimen of the nodule was positive for neoplastic cells, smooth muscle actin, vimentin, patchy muscle specific actin, and synaptophysin. There were no atypical cytologic features. These findings were consistent with GGT. The patient was not deemed to be a candidate for surgical resection due to advanced age and resolution of his symptoms. A shared decision was made to pursue regular surveillance. EUS is essential for evaluation of GGT. Currently, there are no guideline recommendations for surveillance of GGT detected on routine EGD in asymptomatic individuals. A definitive surgical treatment with partial gastrectomy was favored in previously published literature. For asymptomatic patients with GGT or those with resolution of symptoms, careful surveillance with serial abdominal imaging and EUS may be a reasonable option, especially in older patients with poor surgical candidacy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24671304.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Gastric Glomus Tumors: The Roles of Endoscopic Ultrasound and Shared Decision-Making

description: Gastric glomus tumors (GGT) are mesenchymal neoplasms with indolent behavior that originate from the subepithelial layers of the stomach and represent up to 1% of all gastric tumors. GGT is detected incidentally during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in a proportion of patients. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evaluation of GGT is essential to establish the diagnosis and to differentiate it from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) or gastric neuroendocrine tumors. An 80-year-old man who presented for abdominal discomfort was incidentally found to have a gastric antral nodule on EGD. Endoscopic biopsy demonstrated moderately erythematous gastric antral mucosa and a 1.5cm subepithelial lesion along the greater curvature. An EUS revealed a subepithelial 1.6cm x 1.3cm isoechoic, homogenous lesion with small calcifications. Immunohistochemical staining of the fine needle biopsy specimen of the nodule was positive for neoplastic cells, smooth muscle actin, vimentin, patchy muscle specific actin, and synaptophysin. There were no atypical cytologic features. These findings were consistent with GGT. The patient was not deemed to be a candidate for surgical resection due to advanced age and resolution of his symptoms. A shared decision was made to pursue regular surveillance. EUS is essential for evaluation of GGT. Currently, there are no guideline recommendations for surveillance of GGT detected on routine EGD in asymptomatic individuals. A definitive surgical treatment with partial gastrectomy was favored in previously published literature. For asymptomatic patients with GGT or those with resolution of symptoms, careful surveillance with serial abdominal imaging and EUS may be a reasonable option, especially in older patients with poor surgical candidacy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24547369
title: Supplementary Material for: Evaluation of the characteristics of ovarian endometrioma in patients with endometriosis: efficacy of a low-dose estrogen/progestogen combination

description: Objectives:
Approximately 17–44% of women diagnosed with endometriosis have ovarian endometriomas (cysts). Although ovarian endometriomas may adversely affect quality of life and work performance, no reports have been published on the relationship between patient characteristics, cyst size, and pain associated with ovarian endometriomas. The objective of this study was to assess the association between age, cyst size, and pain in women with ovarian endometriomas.
Design:
Retrospective secondary analysis of pooled data from six randomized clinical trials of the use of low-dose estrogen/progestogen drugs for endometriosis.
Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods:
Data on 491 patients enrolled in four randomized and two non-randomized trials between 2003 and 2017, who had not undergone surgical treatment prior to trial participation, were pooled. We examined differences in the dysmenorrhea score, menstrual pain score, analgesic score, and visual analog scale (VAS) by age and endometrioma size.
Results
The mean dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain, and analgesic scores were 4.2, 2.2, and 2.0, respectively. The mean VAS for pelvic pain was 55, which decreased significantly with increasing age. There was no correlation between age and endometrioma size, the dysmenorrhea score and the endometrioma volume or maximum diameter. In addition, there was no correlation between menstrual pain, analgesic score, or VAS and the endometrioma volume or maximum diameter.
Limitations
The details of past treatment history were not available; therefore, these could not be considered in the analysis. In addition, the assessment of pain is heavily influenced by psychological aspects, making it difficult to assess the true extent of pain.
Conclusions
Endometrioma size was unrelated to dysmenorrhea or pelvic pain measured using the VAS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24547369.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Evaluation of the characteristics of ovarian endometrioma in patients with endometriosis: efficacy of a low-dose estrogen/progestogen combination

description: Objectives:
Approximately 17–44% of women diagnosed with endometriosis have ovarian endometriomas (cysts). Although ovarian endometriomas may adversely affect quality of life and work performance, no reports have been published on the relationship between patient characteristics, cyst size, and pain associated with ovarian endometriomas. The objective of this study was to assess the association between age, cyst size, and pain in women with ovarian endometriomas.
Design:
Retrospective secondary analysis of pooled data from six randomized clinical trials of the use of low-dose estrogen/progestogen drugs for endometriosis.
Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods:
Data on 491 patients enrolled in four randomized and two non-randomized trials between 2003 and 2017, who had not undergone surgical treatment prior to trial participation, were pooled. We examined differences in the dysmenorrhea score, menstrual pain score, analgesic score, and visual analog scale (VAS) by age and endometrioma size.
Results
The mean dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain, and analgesic scores were 4.2, 2.2, and 2.0, respectively. The mean VAS for pelvic pain was 55, which decreased significantly with increasing age. There was no correlation between age and endometrioma size, the dysmenorrhea score and the endometrioma volume or maximum diameter. In addition, there was no correlation between menstrual pain, analgesic score, or VAS and the endometrioma volume or maximum diameter.
Limitations
The details of past treatment history were not available; therefore, these could not be considered in the analysis. In addition, the assessment of pain is heavily influenced by psychological aspects, making it difficult to assess the true extent of pain.
Conclusions
Endometrioma size was unrelated to dysmenorrhea or pelvic pain measured using the VAS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22770671.v2
title: Non-cog2

description: Non-cognitive dataset 2