cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241187
title: Erratum: Early-Life Predictors of Higher Body Mass Index in Healthy Children

description: <i>Background/Aims:</i> Childhood obesity tracks into adulthood, and may increase diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in adulthood. Prospective analyses may better define the pathways between early life factors and greater childhood body mass index (BMI), a measure of obesity. <i>Methods:</i> The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) prospectively follows children from birth that are at increased genetic risk for type 1 diabetes. We examined longitudinal data for 1,178 DAISY subjects (mean age at last follow-up: 6.59 years (range: 2.0–11.5 years). Birth size and diabetes exposure in utero were collected in the enrollment interview. Infant diet information was collected via interviews throughout infancy. Infant weight gain and childhood BMI were measured at clinic visits. <i>Results:</i> Female gender, diabetes exposure in utero, larger size for gestational age, shorter breastfeeding duration, and more rapid infant weight gain predicted higher childhood BMI. Formal mediation analysis suggests the effect of shorter breastfeeding duration on childhood BMI may be mediated by more rapid infant weight gain. Also, the effect of diabetes exposure in utero on childhood BMI may be mediated by larger size for gestational age. <i>Conclusion:</i> We identified strong interrelationships between early life factors and childhood BMI. Understanding these pathways may aid childhood obesity prevention efforts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241190.v1
title: Erratum: Hypoxia Affected SDF-1α-CXCR4 Interaction between Bone Marrow Stem Cells and Osteoblasts via Osteoclast Modulation

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241196.v1
title: Erratum: Disorder in the Serotonergic System due to Tryptophan Hydroxylation Impairment: A Cause of Hypothalamic Syndrome?

description: <i>Background:</i> The hypothalamus regulates basic homeostasis such as appetite, circadian rhythm, autonomic and pituitary functions. Dysregulation in these functions results in the hypothalamic syndrome, a rare disorder of various origins. Since serotonin (5-HT) modulates most of the above-mentioned homeostasis, a defect in the serotonergic system can possibly participate in this syndrome. <i>Methods:</i> We describe a girl suffering from hypothalamic syndrome with a decreased concentration of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and a normal level of tryptophan in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suggesting a functional defect in tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH). TPH is a rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter 5-HT. <i>Results:</i> Therapeutic intervention with 5-HTP, carbidopa and a specific serotonin reuptake inhibitor significantly improved her clinical symptoms and caused biochemical normalisation of neurotransmitters. <i>Conclusion:</i> The girl described had the typical symptoms of a hypothalamic disorder and a defective serotonergic metabolism, a relationship which has not been reported before. Therapeutic interventions to restore 5-HT metabolism resulted in clinical improvement. We suggest that investigation of 5-HT metabolism in CSF of patients with this rare disorder is included in the aetiological work-up.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241178
title: Erratum: Views on Personalized Medicine: Do the Attitudes of African American and White Prescription Drug Consumers Differ?

description: <i>Aims:</i> Although recent advances in pharmacogenomics are making possible the use of genetic testing to determine the best medication for patients, little is known about how patients view such procedures. The aims for this study that were developed collaboratively as part of a community-academic partnership are: (1) What are the attitudes and perceptions of prescription drug consumers concerning personalized medicine and genetic testing for drug compatibility and how do they differ between African American and white patients? (2) What are the attitudes and perceptions of patients concerning race-based prescribing and how do they differ between African American and white patients? <i>Methods:</i> We conducted 6 focus groups, 2 with white participants and 4 with African American participants. Focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed to ascertain common themes. <i>Results:</i> Our results suggest that personalized medicine and genetic testing, though not well understood by lay persons, were considered positive advances in medicine. However, participants also voiced concerns about these advances that differed by race. <i>Conclusion:</i> This study points to the need to include perspectives of at-risk communities as we move toward wider use of this technology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241181
title: Erratum: In vitro Binding of [<sup>3</sup>H]Bilirubin to Neurons in Rat Brain Sections

description: Slide-mounted 12-µm cryostat sections of rat brain were incubated with [<sup>3</sup>H]bilirubin, washed, dried, and apposed to emulsion-coated coverslips for autoradiography. The binding appeared to be nonsaturable. Within the gray matter, binding was concentrated over neuronal cell bodies (particularly evident over hippocampal pyramidal and granular cells, and over cerebellar Purkinje cells), suggesting that the preferential neuronal toxicity of bilirubin may be related to neuronal binding. Regional differences in bilirubin binding were not demonstrated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241166
title: Erratum: The Chromosomal Constitution of Postmitotic Neurons, Assessed by Neuronal Nuclear Transfer into Oocytes and in ES Cell Lines Derived from Them

description: Spectral karyotyping (SKY) was used to assess the chromosomal constitution of embryos generated by nuclear transfer (NT) of neuronal nuclei (N-NT) or cumulus cell nuclei (C-NT) into oocytes and of their embryonic stem cell derivatives (ntES cells). We detected chromosomal changes during the first mitotic cleavage and in the condensed chromatids of NT embryos. We also found clonal translocations in the ntES cells that were derived from NT embryos cloned from neuronal nuclei. The differentiation potentials of the ntES cells showing chromosomal rearrangements were partly restricted. Our findings indicate that balanced or unbalanced chromosomal translocations can occur in early NT embryogenesis, suggesting that a DNA repair system is activated during both NT embryogenesis and ntES cell establishment. We observed a higher incidence of chromosomal changes in N-NT than in C-NT embryos, which may reflect a higher frequency of double-stranded (ds) DNA breaks in the neuronal genome.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241172
title: Erratum: Issues Related to Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Refractory Tourette’s Syndrome

description: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used in a small number of patients with Tourette’s syndrome and results on tics and comorbidities have been promising. The choice of the DBS target appears to influence the effectiveness; preliminary studies and case reports suggest that certain target areas may be more effective than others in patients with specific symptoms and comorbidities. Clinical data on the effect of DBS on tics and behavioral symptoms support its use in patients with severe, refractory Tourette’s syndrome, particularly in younger adults who have a greater severity and prevalence of tics and comorbidities, and are more likely to experience social impairment. Although DBS has shown potential as an ‘add-on’ therapy for Tourette’s syndrome patients failing to show adequate improvement with conventional conservative treatments, several issues remain to be resolved, including patient selection, choice of target, and adverse effects. Successful DBS requires an experienced multidisciplinary team for the management of these complex pre-, peri- and postoperative issues. Future studies should include establishment of consistent inclusion criteria and specific practical requirements for clinical trials, evaluation of the impact of DBS on non-tic symptoms and their influence on outcome, social impairment and quality of life, and the identification of optimum neurophysiologically based DBS targets for improved efficacy in specific patient subtypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241175
title: Erratum: Habitual Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Older Japanese Adults: The Nakanojo Study

description: <i>Background:</i> Optimal patterns of habitual physical activity to ensure healthy aging remain unclear because of measurement limitations; most investigators have used either subjective questionnaires, or accelerometer or pedometer measurements limited to a single week, despite evidence of both the limited reliability/validity of questionnaires and seasonal changes in activity patterns. <i>Objective:</i> This study explored possible associations between indicators of physical fitness (walking ability, upper- and lower-extremity isometric strength, and static and dynamic balance) and yearlong pedometer/accelerometer assessments of the quantity and quality of habitual physical activity in ostensibly healthy older adults. <i>Methods:</i> Subjects were 76 male and 94 female Japanese aged 65–84 years. Each participant wore a pedometer/accelerometer for 1 year; measurements included the average number of steps taken each day and the duration of activity at an intensity of &gt;3 metabolic equivalents (METs). Compliance was good, the instrument being removed for intervals of &gt;3 h on &lt;5% of days; data for such intervals were excluded from analysis. At the year’s end, traditional laboratory techniques assessed preferred and maximal walking speeds, peak handgrip force, peak knee extension torque, total body sway, and maximal functional reach. <i>Results:</i> After controlling data for age and/or sex, lower-extremity function (walking speeds and knee extension torque) showed significant positive relationships with the daily step count and daily duration of activity at &gt;3 METs, especially in individuals ≥75 years of age. On the other hand, handgrip force and body sway were unrelated to pedometer/accelerometer measurements. Linear and exponential regressions showed positive associations between walking speeds and pedometer/accelerometer scores up to the observed maxima of 13,700 steps/day and 62 min/day at &gt;3 METs. However, when data were categorized into quartiles, walking speeds were not significantly greater in persons exceeding 7,000–8,000 steps/day and/or 15–20 min/day at &gt;3 METs. With a few exceptions, subjects meeting these levels of habitual activity had walking speeds above the threshold predicting the development of functional dependence. <i>Conclusion:</i> The present data suggest that fitness is well maintained in elderly people who take &gt;7,000–8,000 steps/day and/or spend &gt;15–20 min/day at &gt;3 METs. Nevertheless, the direction of this association merits exploration by longitudinal prospective studies and/or randomized controlled trials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241181.v1
title: Erratum: In vitro Binding of [<sup>3</sup>H]Bilirubin to Neurons in Rat Brain Sections

description: Slide-mounted 12-µm cryostat sections of rat brain were incubated with [<sup>3</sup>H]bilirubin, washed, dried, and apposed to emulsion-coated coverslips for autoradiography. The binding appeared to be nonsaturable. Within the gray matter, binding was concentrated over neuronal cell bodies (particularly evident over hippocampal pyramidal and granular cells, and over cerebellar Purkinje cells), suggesting that the preferential neuronal toxicity of bilirubin may be related to neuronal binding. Regional differences in bilirubin binding were not demonstrated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241163
title: Erratum: Targeted Disruption of the Mouse <i>Npal3</i> Gene Leads to Deficits in Behavior, Increased IgE Levels, and Impaired Lung Function

description: The non-imprinted in Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome (NIPA) proteins are highly conserved receptors or transporters. Translocation of <i>NIPA</i> genes were found in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome, and loss-of-function of the <i>NIPA1</i> gene was identified in hereditary spastic paraplegia. The family of NIPA-like domain containing (NPAL) proteins is closely related to the NIPA proteins, but to date nothing is known about their function. Here, we could demonstrate that both human <i>NPAL3 </i>and mouse <i>Npal3 </i>are ubiquitously expressed and encode highly conserved proteins. To further elucidate the function of the <i>Npal3</i> gene, knockout <i>(Npal3</i><sup>–/–</sup><i>)</i> mice were generated. Intensive phenotypic analyses revealed that disruption of the <i>Npal3</i> gene results in a pleiotropic phenotype. The function of the nervous system was impaired in both mutant males and females which could be demonstrated in behavioral tests. In addition, in <i>Npal3 </i>mutants the number of NK cells was decreased and changes in IgM, IgG<sub>2</sub>, and IgA were observed, indicating that the immune system is also affected. Interestingly, increased IgE levels as well as impaired lung functions were observed in mutant males but not in mutant females. It should be noted that the human <i>NPAL3</i> gene is located at 1p36.12→p35.1, and atopic diseases were previously linked to this genomic region. Thus, the <i>Npal3</i><sup>–/–</sup> mice could serve as a valuable model system for studying atopic diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241172.v1
title: Erratum: Issues Related to Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Refractory Tourette’s Syndrome

description: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been used in a small number of patients with Tourette’s syndrome and results on tics and comorbidities have been promising. The choice of the DBS target appears to influence the effectiveness; preliminary studies and case reports suggest that certain target areas may be more effective than others in patients with specific symptoms and comorbidities. Clinical data on the effect of DBS on tics and behavioral symptoms support its use in patients with severe, refractory Tourette’s syndrome, particularly in younger adults who have a greater severity and prevalence of tics and comorbidities, and are more likely to experience social impairment. Although DBS has shown potential as an ‘add-on’ therapy for Tourette’s syndrome patients failing to show adequate improvement with conventional conservative treatments, several issues remain to be resolved, including patient selection, choice of target, and adverse effects. Successful DBS requires an experienced multidisciplinary team for the management of these complex pre-, peri- and postoperative issues. Future studies should include establishment of consistent inclusion criteria and specific practical requirements for clinical trials, evaluation of the impact of DBS on non-tic symptoms and their influence on outcome, social impairment and quality of life, and the identification of optimum neurophysiologically based DBS targets for improved efficacy in specific patient subtypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241157
title: Erratum: Reduction of Arteriosclerotic Nanoplaque Formation and Size by n-3 Fatty Acids in Patients after Valvular Defect Operation

description: <i>Background/Methods: </i>Coating a silica surface with the isolated lipoprotein receptor heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HS-PG) from arterial endothelium and vascular matrices, we could observe the very earliest stages of arteriosclerotic plaque development by ellipsometric techniques in vitro (patent EP 0 946 876). This so-called nanoplaque formation is represented by the ternary aggregational complex of the HS-PG receptor, lipoprotein particles and calcium ions. The model was validated in several clinical studies on statins in cardiovascular high-risk patients applying their native blood lipoprotein fractions. <i>Results: </i>In 7 patients who had undergone a valvular defect operation, the reduction of arteriosclerotic nanoplaque formation in normal Krebs solution amounted to 6.1 ± 2.3% (p &lt; 0.0156) and of nanoplaque size to 37.5 ± 13.2% (p &lt; 0.0312), respectively, after a 3-month therapy with n-3 fatty acids (3 ··3 g daily, Ameu® 500 mg). Additionally, the quotient oxLDL/LDL was lowered by 6.8 ± 2.1% (p &lt; 0.0166), the MDA concentration remained unchanged and the lipoprotein(a) concentration decreased by 15.8 ± 5.6% (p &lt; 0.0469) in the patients’ blood. The concentration of the nanoplaque promoting particles VLDL and total triglycerides was diminished by 34.1 ± 11.6% (p &lt; 0.0469) and 26.7 ± 10.8% (p &lt; 0.0156), respectively. Furthermore, the ratio of the strongly atherogenic small dense to the total LDL cholesterol (LDL5+LDL6)/LDLtot decreased by 9.9 ± 3.0% (p &lt; 0.0174). <i>Conclusions: </i>A combinatorial regression analysis revealed a basis for a mechanistic explanation of nanoplaque reduction under n-3 fatty acid treatment. This effect was possibly due to the beneficial changes in lipid concentrations and an attenuation of the risk factors oxLDL/LDL and (LDL5+LDL6)/LDLtot.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241160
title: Erratum: Phase IV Study of Bevacizumab in Combination with Infusional Fluorouracil, Leucovorin and Irinotecan (FOLFIRI) in First-Line Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

description: <i>Background:</i> Bevacizumab (Avastin®) significantly improves overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) when combined with first-line irinotecan (IFL) plus bolus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin (LV) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). This open-label, phase IV trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of first-line bevacizumab in combination with IFL and infusional 5-FU/LV (FOLFIRI). <i>Methods:</i> Two-hundred and nine treatment-naïve metastatic CRC patients were enrolled and received bevacizumab and FOLFIRI every 2 weeks. Treatment was continued until disease progression. The primary objective was PFS, with additional determinations of OS, response and toxicity. <i>Results:</i> Median PFS was 11.1 months and is comparable to that observed in published phase III and community-based trials using first-line bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI, and to phase III trials using bevacizumab in combination with bolus 5-FU/LV plus IFL. Median OS was 22.2 months. Overall response rate was 53.1% and the disease control rate 85.6%. Most adverse events were grade 1/2 and were manageable. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events (≥10%) were neutropenia, venous thromboembolic events, diarrhea, and fatigue. <i>Conclusion:</i> Bevacizumab combined with first-line FOLFIRI is an effective and well-tolerated therapy option for patients with metastatic CRC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241166.v1
title: Erratum: The Chromosomal Constitution of Postmitotic Neurons, Assessed by Neuronal Nuclear Transfer into Oocytes and in ES Cell Lines Derived from Them

description: Spectral karyotyping (SKY) was used to assess the chromosomal constitution of embryos generated by nuclear transfer (NT) of neuronal nuclei (N-NT) or cumulus cell nuclei (C-NT) into oocytes and of their embryonic stem cell derivatives (ntES cells). We detected chromosomal changes during the first mitotic cleavage and in the condensed chromatids of NT embryos. We also found clonal translocations in the ntES cells that were derived from NT embryos cloned from neuronal nuclei. The differentiation potentials of the ntES cells showing chromosomal rearrangements were partly restricted. Our findings indicate that balanced or unbalanced chromosomal translocations can occur in early NT embryogenesis, suggesting that a DNA repair system is activated during both NT embryogenesis and ntES cell establishment. We observed a higher incidence of chromosomal changes in N-NT than in C-NT embryos, which may reflect a higher frequency of double-stranded (ds) DNA breaks in the neuronal genome.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241175.v1
title: Erratum: Habitual Physical Activity and Physical Fitness in Older Japanese Adults: The Nakanojo Study

description: <i>Background:</i> Optimal patterns of habitual physical activity to ensure healthy aging remain unclear because of measurement limitations; most investigators have used either subjective questionnaires, or accelerometer or pedometer measurements limited to a single week, despite evidence of both the limited reliability/validity of questionnaires and seasonal changes in activity patterns. <i>Objective:</i> This study explored possible associations between indicators of physical fitness (walking ability, upper- and lower-extremity isometric strength, and static and dynamic balance) and yearlong pedometer/accelerometer assessments of the quantity and quality of habitual physical activity in ostensibly healthy older adults. <i>Methods:</i> Subjects were 76 male and 94 female Japanese aged 65–84 years. Each participant wore a pedometer/accelerometer for 1 year; measurements included the average number of steps taken each day and the duration of activity at an intensity of &gt;3 metabolic equivalents (METs). Compliance was good, the instrument being removed for intervals of &gt;3 h on &lt;5% of days; data for such intervals were excluded from analysis. At the year’s end, traditional laboratory techniques assessed preferred and maximal walking speeds, peak handgrip force, peak knee extension torque, total body sway, and maximal functional reach. <i>Results:</i> After controlling data for age and/or sex, lower-extremity function (walking speeds and knee extension torque) showed significant positive relationships with the daily step count and daily duration of activity at &gt;3 METs, especially in individuals ≥75 years of age. On the other hand, handgrip force and body sway were unrelated to pedometer/accelerometer measurements. Linear and exponential regressions showed positive associations between walking speeds and pedometer/accelerometer scores up to the observed maxima of 13,700 steps/day and 62 min/day at &gt;3 METs. However, when data were categorized into quartiles, walking speeds were not significantly greater in persons exceeding 7,000–8,000 steps/day and/or 15–20 min/day at &gt;3 METs. With a few exceptions, subjects meeting these levels of habitual activity had walking speeds above the threshold predicting the development of functional dependence. <i>Conclusion:</i> The present data suggest that fitness is well maintained in elderly people who take &gt;7,000–8,000 steps/day and/or spend &gt;15–20 min/day at &gt;3 METs. Nevertheless, the direction of this association merits exploration by longitudinal prospective studies and/or randomized controlled trials.