cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-314-1
title: Diagram MAPD0314

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-315-1
title: Diagram MAPD0315

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-316-1
title: Diagram MAPD0316

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-318-1
title: Diagram MAPD0318

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-319-1
title: Diagram MAPD0319

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-323-1
title: Diagram MAPD0323

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-324-1
title: Diagram MAPD0324

description: Acutis Spatiosis: The diagram represents the passage of the Moon latitudinally and obliquely through the zodiacal band. Across five parallel and equally spaced horizontal lines a diagonal is drawn. On the middle parallel appears a small circle labeled for the Sun. Along the diagonal appears a small circle labeled for the Moon. In the acute angles formed by the intersections of diagonal and parallels are labels "acutus"; in the obtuse angles formed by the intersections of diagonal and parallels are labels "spatiosus''. The phrase from the text of Capella, "aut acutis aut spatiosis", appears in complete or abbreviated form above the diagram.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-325-1
title: Diagram MAPD0325

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-326-1
title: Diagram MAPD0326

description: Three Versions of Circumsolar Planets: The figure combines three diagrams to illustrate not only the text of Capella but also at least one alternative. The modern edition of the text produces the form with concentric circles. A commonly accepted medieval emendation of the text produces the form withintersecting circles. A related text of Pliny, dealing with the paths of the inner planets but not presented by the medieval illustrator of Capella's text, produces the form with truncated paths that do not cross beyond the path of the Sun. On a long curvilinear line, often a regular circular arc, appear three diagrams, each a different version of the Venus - Mercury - Sun circumsolar pattern. Normally the only labels with these diagrams are the planetary names, but a few examples give the names of Pliny, Martianus, and Bede for the three, from left to right along the connecting line. From left to right the three versions have the general appearance, respectively, of truncated paths, intersecting circles, and concentric circles. Each of these three versions appears at times as a separate diagram in the margin of the text of Capella's astronomy. (i) The version on the left side has two lines pendant to the solar, connecting line. The pendant for Venus is a semi-circle or almost a semi-circle. The other pendant, for Mercury, hangs lower in a teardrop shape and intersects the path of Venus. This second pendant has its upper tip cut off by the solar line. The Mercury pendant begins within the semi-circle for Venus and then expands as it drops down, cutting the path of Venus and spreading below it to form a pendant about the same width as the semi-circle of Venus. On each planetary line appears a small labeled circle for each of the bodies of the Sun, Venus, and Mercury, arranged vertically with respect to one another. (ii) The version in the middle has two circles of approximately equal size intersecting each other and the path of the Sun. The upper circle has its center on the solar arc; the lower circle has its center well below the solar arc. Arranged vertically are small labeled circles on each arc in the following ascending order: Mercury - Venus - Sun - Mercury - Venus. (iii) The version on the right has two concentric circles with the body of the Sun at their center. In vertical order there appear five small circles, labeled in ascending order as follows: Venus - Mercury - Sun - Mercury - Venus.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-327-1
title: Diagram MAPD0327

description: Ultra Triginta: The diagram seeks to represent a statement in Capella's text resulting from a corruption of the text. The modern editors do not comment, but medieval scholars considered the text correct with this corruption and sought to make sense of it. Recognizing that the elongation of Mercury from the Sun does not exceed 22° along the arc of the solar circle, the illustrator presents a larger divergence of Mercury from the Sun (up to 32°) somehow below the Sun. From a short arc of large radius, representing part of the circle of the Sun around the earth, is suspended a shape that is approximately a semi-circle, though in some examples it is much more a low-hanging pendant. At the bottom of this semi-circle, or pendant, is a small circle, which represents Mercury. Frequently at the top of the figure, on the solar arc, is a small circle to represent the Sun. Neither of these small circles is usually labeled. Within the enclosure formed by the pendant and the arc of the Sun's path is written the phrase from the text of Capella, either "ultra xxxta" or "ultra xxxii", the former being an incomplete form of the latter.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-328-1
title: Diagram MAPD0328

description: Ultra Triginta: The diagram seeks to represent a statement in Capella's text resulting from a corruption of the text. The modern editors do not comment, but medieval scholars considered the text correct with this corruption and sought to make sense of it. Recognizing that the elongation of Mercury from the Sun does not exceed 22° along the arc of the solar circle, the illustrator presents a larger divergence of Mercury from the Sun (up to 32°) somehow below the Sun. From a short arc of large radius, representing part of the circle of the Sun around the earth, is suspended a shape that is approximately a semi-circle, though in some examples it is much more a low-hanging pendant. At the bottom of this semi-circle, or pendant, is a small circle, which represents Mercury. Frequently at the top of the figure, on the solar arc, is a small circle to represent the Sun. Neither of these small circles is usually labeled. Within the enclosure formed by the pendant and the arc of the Sun's path is written the phrase from the text of Capella, either "ultra xxxta" or "ultra xxxii", the former being an incomplete form of the latter.
description: Medieval Diagrams