cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124610.v1
title: Importance and correlations of characters for cowpea diversity in traditional varieties

description: ABSTRACT Cowpea is a legume with ample plasticity, versatility and nutritional potential. It is a species widely used as a source of income and subsistence for small farmers in several Brazilian states, among them Acre. Due to the different varieties found in the State, it is the target of studies aiming at its genetic improvement. Thus, as one of the first stages of its improvement, it was aimed to determine the importance and correlations of characters for diversity and selection in traditional varieties of cowpea. The experiment was carried in completely randomized design, with plots consisting of four vase with capacity to 15.7 L, with one plant each and two replicates. The characteristics evaluated were: days for emergence, flowering (days), plant vigor (note), number of main stem nodes, apical leaflet length (mm), apical leaflet width (mm), length of pod (cm) and width of the pod (cm). The correlation coefficients (phenotypic, genotypic and environmental) were obtained, and the principal components analysis and the importance of the characters by the method proposed by Singh were carried out. The Singh method and principal components analysis were partially concordant in the distinction of the evaluated characters. The days for emergence, width of the apical leaflet, flowering and length of the apical leaflet were the main determinants for quantification of the genotypes and those that contributed the most to the variability of cowpea. The least discriminant characteristic by principal component analysis and recommended for discarding was plant vigor.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124604
title: Widening access to higher education for low-income students: a Brazilian case study (1990s-2016)

description: ABSTRACT This article analyses the widening access policies implemented by Brazil during the 1990s and in 2016. It cites and evaluates the different strategies used by the government, such as student loans, needs-based and race-based quotas. In the context of a highly privatized sector, in which for-profit higher education institutions account for over half of the existing higher education institutions in Brazil, the results display a relative growth in higher education access based on minorities and needs-based communities. However, it also showcases some trends not achieved as originally planned by the government (specially increasing higher education participation in regions other than the south and the southeast) and serves as a point requiring further research to evaluate the influence on the lives of students and graduates. This study uses government and publicly available sources to analyse the impact of this strategy over time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124604.v1
title: Widening access to higher education for low-income students: a Brazilian case study (1990s-2016)

description: ABSTRACT This article analyses the widening access policies implemented by Brazil during the 1990s and in 2016. It cites and evaluates the different strategies used by the government, such as student loans, needs-based and race-based quotas. In the context of a highly privatized sector, in which for-profit higher education institutions account for over half of the existing higher education institutions in Brazil, the results display a relative growth in higher education access based on minorities and needs-based communities. However, it also showcases some trends not achieved as originally planned by the government (specially increasing higher education participation in regions other than the south and the southeast) and serves as a point requiring further research to evaluate the influence on the lives of students and graduates. This study uses government and publicly available sources to analyse the impact of this strategy over time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124601
title: Nitrile rubber and carboxylated nitrile rubber resistance to soybean biodiesel

description: Abstract Biodiesel has been considered a suitable substitute for petroleum diesel, but their chemical composition differs greatly. For this reason, biodiesel interacts differently than petroleum diesel with various materials, including rubbers. Therefore, the resistance of some elastomers should be thoroughly evaluated, specifically those which are commonly used in automotive industry. Nitrile rubber (NBR) is widely used to produce vehicular parts that are constantly in contact with fuels. This paper aimed to assess the resistance of carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) with 28% of acrylonitrile content to soybean biodiesel in comparison with non-carboxylated nitrile rubber samples, with high and medium acrylonitrile content (33 and 45%). NBR with medium acrylonitrile content showed little resistance to biodiesel. However, carboxylated nitrile rubber even with low acrylonitrile content had similar performance to NBR with high acrylonitrile content.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124583
title: Is the fluoride intake by diet and toothpaste in children living in tropical semi-arid city safe?

description: Abstract: Data about total fluoride intake in children living in a tropical semi-arid climate city is scarce, thus we conducted this study. Fifty-eight children aged two to five years, living in a Brazilian tropical city with optimally fluoridated water were selected. Dietary samples were collected using the duplicate diet method on two non-consecutive days in the children's home toothpaste was determined by subtracting the amount of fluoride recovered after brushing from the amount placed on the toothbrush. The mean total dose (SD) of fluoride intake was 0.043(0.016) mg F·kg-1·d-1, with the major (60.6%) contribution from water. The factors associated with the ingestion of fluoride from toothpaste were fluoride concentration of the toothpaste (p = 0.03) and the use of kids toothpaste (p = 0.02). The findings suggest that children have a low fluoride intake, measured by at-home meals and use of fluoride toothpaste; drinking water is the main source of fluoride ingestion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124583.v1
title: Is the fluoride intake by diet and toothpaste in children living in tropical semi-arid city safe?

description: Abstract: Data about total fluoride intake in children living in a tropical semi-arid climate city is scarce, thus we conducted this study. Fifty-eight children aged two to five years, living in a Brazilian tropical city with optimally fluoridated water were selected. Dietary samples were collected using the duplicate diet method on two non-consecutive days in the children's home toothpaste was determined by subtracting the amount of fluoride recovered after brushing from the amount placed on the toothbrush. The mean total dose (SD) of fluoride intake was 0.043(0.016) mg F·kg-1·d-1, with the major (60.6%) contribution from water. The factors associated with the ingestion of fluoride from toothpaste were fluoride concentration of the toothpaste (p = 0.03) and the use of kids toothpaste (p = 0.02). The findings suggest that children have a low fluoride intake, measured by at-home meals and use of fluoride toothpaste; drinking water is the main source of fluoride ingestion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124577
title: Bond strength between a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and a composite for repair: effect of several ceramic surface treatments

description: Abstract: The effects of several ceramic surface treatments on bond strength of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and resin composite as repair material were evaluated. CAD-CAM blocks of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Vita Enamic) were sliced and subjected to aging process, followed by embedding in acrylic resin. The bonding/repair area was treated as follows (n = 30): C– without treatment; UA– universal adhesive application; FM– 10% hydrofluoric acid and silane application; OM–airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide and silane application; RP– tribochemical silica coating; and CA– surface grinding and application of universal adhesive. Composite resin cylinders were made on the treated surface. Specimens from each group were assigned randomly to two subgroups (n = 15) considering storage condition: Baseline (shear tests after 48 hours) or Storage (tests after 6 months under distilled water). The treated surfaces were analyzed by goniometry, roughness, and SEM. Two-way ANOVA and 1-way ANOVA were applied to analyze the bond data and roughness / contact angle data, respectively, followed by Tukey's test (α = 5%). Surface treatments and storage conditions affected bond strengths (p &lt; 0.01). Surface grinding (CA) followed by universal adhesive promoted the highest value of bond strength (14.5 ± 4.8 MPa for baseline, 8.5 ± 3.4 MPa for storage) and the roughest ceramic surface. Grinding with silicon carbide paper (simulating diamond bur) followed by the application of a universal adhesive system is the best option for repairing fractures of the polymer-infiltrated ceramic network.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124577.v1
title: Bond strength between a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and a composite for repair: effect of several ceramic surface treatments

description: Abstract: The effects of several ceramic surface treatments on bond strength of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and resin composite as repair material were evaluated. CAD-CAM blocks of a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Vita Enamic) were sliced and subjected to aging process, followed by embedding in acrylic resin. The bonding/repair area was treated as follows (n = 30): C– without treatment; UA– universal adhesive application; FM– 10% hydrofluoric acid and silane application; OM–airborne-particle abrasion with aluminum oxide and silane application; RP– tribochemical silica coating; and CA– surface grinding and application of universal adhesive. Composite resin cylinders were made on the treated surface. Specimens from each group were assigned randomly to two subgroups (n = 15) considering storage condition: Baseline (shear tests after 48 hours) or Storage (tests after 6 months under distilled water). The treated surfaces were analyzed by goniometry, roughness, and SEM. Two-way ANOVA and 1-way ANOVA were applied to analyze the bond data and roughness / contact angle data, respectively, followed by Tukey's test (α = 5%). Surface treatments and storage conditions affected bond strengths (p &lt; 0.01). Surface grinding (CA) followed by universal adhesive promoted the highest value of bond strength (14.5 ± 4.8 MPa for baseline, 8.5 ± 3.4 MPa for storage) and the roughest ceramic surface. Grinding with silicon carbide paper (simulating diamond bur) followed by the application of a universal adhesive system is the best option for repairing fractures of the polymer-infiltrated ceramic network.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124571
title: Early trauma, attachment experiences and comorbidities in schizophrenia

description: Abstract Objective To evaluate attachment patterns in subjects with schizophrenia and their relationships to early traumatic events, psychotic symptoms and comorbidities. Methods Twenty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) underwent retrospective symptom assessment and careful assessment of the number and manner of childhood caregiver changes. The Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis and Affective Disorders (DI-PAD) was used to assess symptoms related to schizophrenia (positive and negative symptoms), depression and mania. Anxiety disorder comorbidities were assessed by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Yale-Brown Obsessions and Compulsions Scale (Y-BOCS) and Panic and Schizophrenia Interview (PaSI). Experience in Close Relationships – Relationship Structures (ECR-RS) and Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (ETISR-SF) were used to assess attachment patterns and traumatic history, respectively. Results Moderate and significant correlations between attachment patterns and early trauma showed that greater severity of anxious attachment was predicted by a higher frequency of total early traumas (Spearman ρ = 0.446, p = 0.04), mainly general traumas (ρ = 0.526, p = 0.017; including parental illness and separation, as well as natural disaster and serious accidents). Among the correlations between early trauma and comorbid symptoms, panic attacks occurring before the onset of schizophrenia showed significant and positive correlations with ETISR-SF total scores and the sexual trauma subscale. Conclusion Children with an unstable early emotional life are more vulnerable to the development of psychopathology, such as panic anxiety symptoms. Traumatic events may also predict later schizophrenia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124571.v1
title: Early trauma, attachment experiences and comorbidities in schizophrenia

description: Abstract Objective To evaluate attachment patterns in subjects with schizophrenia and their relationships to early traumatic events, psychotic symptoms and comorbidities. Methods Twenty patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) underwent retrospective symptom assessment and careful assessment of the number and manner of childhood caregiver changes. The Diagnostic Interview for Psychosis and Affective Disorders (DI-PAD) was used to assess symptoms related to schizophrenia (positive and negative symptoms), depression and mania. Anxiety disorder comorbidities were assessed by the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Yale-Brown Obsessions and Compulsions Scale (Y-BOCS) and Panic and Schizophrenia Interview (PaSI). Experience in Close Relationships – Relationship Structures (ECR-RS) and Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (ETISR-SF) were used to assess attachment patterns and traumatic history, respectively. Results Moderate and significant correlations between attachment patterns and early trauma showed that greater severity of anxious attachment was predicted by a higher frequency of total early traumas (Spearman ρ = 0.446, p = 0.04), mainly general traumas (ρ = 0.526, p = 0.017; including parental illness and separation, as well as natural disaster and serious accidents). Among the correlations between early trauma and comorbid symptoms, panic attacks occurring before the onset of schizophrenia showed significant and positive correlations with ETISR-SF total scores and the sexual trauma subscale. Conclusion Children with an unstable early emotional life are more vulnerable to the development of psychopathology, such as panic anxiety symptoms. Traumatic events may also predict later schizophrenia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124562
title: Evaluation of the application of Cleaner Production techniques in a dairy industry in Southern Bahia

description: Abstract: Dairy products are of great importance to the South of Bahia, as they contribute to its development and economic diversification. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the possible environmental impacts caused by the corresponding activities. Thus, the adoption of Cleaner Production (CP) techniques can contribute to improving production processes, as well as providing economic benefits, environmental protection and better working environment. This study aims to identify the techniques adopted and opportunities for CP in a dairy industry in southern Bahia. For this, we carried out a literature review, technical visits and a questionnaire in order to obtain characterization information of the company, CP and environmental management, environmental aspects and impacts related to the production processes. The study revealed that dairy industries are potential polluters, mainly due to their lack of structured environmental programs. Nevertheless, the dairy industry in question was already adopting certain environmental practices and showed interest in learning about others that could contribute to minimizing their impacts and propitiate economic gains. Thus, we successfully identified and presented opportunities for CP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124562.v1
title: Evaluation of the application of Cleaner Production techniques in a dairy industry in Southern Bahia

description: Abstract: Dairy products are of great importance to the South of Bahia, as they contribute to its development and economic diversification. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the possible environmental impacts caused by the corresponding activities. Thus, the adoption of Cleaner Production (CP) techniques can contribute to improving production processes, as well as providing economic benefits, environmental protection and better working environment. This study aims to identify the techniques adopted and opportunities for CP in a dairy industry in southern Bahia. For this, we carried out a literature review, technical visits and a questionnaire in order to obtain characterization information of the company, CP and environmental management, environmental aspects and impacts related to the production processes. The study revealed that dairy industries are potential polluters, mainly due to their lack of structured environmental programs. Nevertheless, the dairy industry in question was already adopting certain environmental practices and showed interest in learning about others that could contribute to minimizing their impacts and propitiate economic gains. Thus, we successfully identified and presented opportunities for CP.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124553
title: In vitro evaluation of ivermectin, moxidectin, albendazole and pyrantel against cyathostomins of horses

description: Abstract Cyathostomins are the most prevalent nematodes of horses, and multidrug resistance has been reported worldwide. There is a need to implement alternative drug monitoring analytical tests. The objective of this study was to determine the consistency (5 repetitions) of the larval migration on agar test (LMAT) using ivermectin, moxidectin, pyrantel or albendazole against cyathostomin infective-stage larvae in eight different concentrations. LMAT showed a strong coefficient of determination (R2 &gt; 0.91), between the test repetitions (n=5). The average 50% effective concentration (EC50) for ivermectin, moxidectin, pyrantel and albendazole were 0.0404, 0.0558, 0.0864 and 0.0988 nMol, respectively. The results of the EC50 for albendazole showed the greatest range of concentration. Ivermectin and moxidectin had the lowest in between-test variation. In the future, internationally certified susceptible isolates could be used for screening new drug candidates, or to follow up the pattern of drug efficacy from field populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124553.v1
title: In vitro evaluation of ivermectin, moxidectin, albendazole and pyrantel against cyathostomins of horses

description: Abstract Cyathostomins are the most prevalent nematodes of horses, and multidrug resistance has been reported worldwide. There is a need to implement alternative drug monitoring analytical tests. The objective of this study was to determine the consistency (5 repetitions) of the larval migration on agar test (LMAT) using ivermectin, moxidectin, pyrantel or albendazole against cyathostomin infective-stage larvae in eight different concentrations. LMAT showed a strong coefficient of determination (R2 &gt; 0.91), between the test repetitions (n=5). The average 50% effective concentration (EC50) for ivermectin, moxidectin, pyrantel and albendazole were 0.0404, 0.0558, 0.0864 and 0.0988 nMol, respectively. The results of the EC50 for albendazole showed the greatest range of concentration. Ivermectin and moxidectin had the lowest in between-test variation. In the future, internationally certified susceptible isolates could be used for screening new drug candidates, or to follow up the pattern of drug efficacy from field populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124550
title: Molecular detection of Anaplasmataceae agents in Dasyprocta azarae in northeastern Brazil

description: Abstract Recently, the importance of wild-living rodents for maintenance of pathogens of the family Anaplasmataceae in the environment was investigated. These mammals play a role as reservoirs for these pathogens and act as hosts for the immature stages of tick vectors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp. in 24 specimens of Azara’s agouti (Dasyprocta azarae) that had been trapped in the Itapiracó Environmental Reserve, in São Luís, Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, using molecular methods. Four animals (16.7%) were positive for Ehrlichia spp. in nested PCR assays based on the 16S rRNA gene. In a phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene, using the maximum likelihood method and the GTRGAMMA+I evolutionary model, Ehrlichia sp. genotypes detected in Azara’s agoutis were found to be closely related to E. canis and to genotypes relating to E. canis that had previously been detected in free-living animals in Brazil. The present work showed the first molecular detection of Ehrlichia sp. in Azara’s agoutis in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124550.v1
title: Molecular detection of Anaplasmataceae agents in Dasyprocta azarae in northeastern Brazil

description: Abstract Recently, the importance of wild-living rodents for maintenance of pathogens of the family Anaplasmataceae in the environment was investigated. These mammals play a role as reservoirs for these pathogens and act as hosts for the immature stages of tick vectors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp. in 24 specimens of Azara’s agouti (Dasyprocta azarae) that had been trapped in the Itapiracó Environmental Reserve, in São Luís, Maranhão, northeastern Brazil, using molecular methods. Four animals (16.7%) were positive for Ehrlichia spp. in nested PCR assays based on the 16S rRNA gene. In a phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene, using the maximum likelihood method and the GTRGAMMA+I evolutionary model, Ehrlichia sp. genotypes detected in Azara’s agoutis were found to be closely related to E. canis and to genotypes relating to E. canis that had previously been detected in free-living animals in Brazil. The present work showed the first molecular detection of Ehrlichia sp. in Azara’s agoutis in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6124541
title: Biomass production and essential oil of lemon balm cultivated under colored screens and nitrogen

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of light quality and nitrogen availability on the biomass production, yield and composition of essential oil of lemon balm (Lippia alba). Five doses of N (0; 40; 80; 120 and 160 kg ha-1) were studied, using urea and three light quality conditions obtained with the use of colored shading nets (blue and red), 50% irradiance and under full sun. The experiment was arranged in a 5x3 factorial scheme, in split plots, with seven replicates. After 60 days of cultivation under the shading nets, a higher dry leaf biomass (4.83 g per plant) was observed in the plants under blue net cultivation at a dose of 102 kg ha-1 of N. The plants grown under full sun presented greater amount of neral and geranial, major components of the essential oil of the lemon balm, which give commercial value to the species. The use of colored shading nets does not influence the composition of the essential oil of lemon balm, but increases the concentration of the compounds found in it. Nitrogen does not affect the quality of the essential oil of lemon balm, but it provides higher oil yield (0.27 g per plant) at the dose of 65 kg ha-1 of N.