cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11350502
title: Different disclosure activities and sophisticated investors

description: ABSTRACT This article aims to verify what the influence is of different disclosure activities on the concentration of more sophisticated investors in Brazilian companies. The study fills a gap regarding the influence that disclosure activities can have on the concentration of sophisticated investors in Brazilian firms, considering that this may occur due to their ability to maximize the usefulness of the information disclosed and the return on investments, with a reduction in the cost of allocated funds. This subject is relevant because it verifies not the clientless effect of disclosure, presented by the only study previously developed on the subject in the United States (Kalay, 2015), but rather the influence that disclosure activities (earnings forecasts, market communications, and investor relations [IR]) have on the most sophisticated investors’ decisions to allocate funds in companies in the Brazilian market. As an impact on the area, it was noted that those companies that release market communications attract the investment of funds and the concentration of sophisticated investors much more than those that present better IR and release profit forecasts. We studied 89 publicly-traded companies whose reference forms were published in the period from 2011 to 2016. The number of institutional investors disclosed in the reference forms was used as a proxy to categorize them as more sophisticated. The different disclosure activities were represented by the disclosure of profit forecasts, the number of market communications, and the best IR. The best IR proxy was categorized using the companies awarded by IR Magazine Brazil that presented the best IR in the study period. The results of this study show that the most sophisticated investors concentrated in companies with better IR, in those that do not disclose profit forecasts, and in companies with a greater number of disclosed market communications. The disclosure of market communications is the disclosure activity that most influences the concentration of sophisticated investors in Brazilian companies that use more voluntary disclosure than discretionary disclosure to allocate their funds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11350415
title: Mortality dynamics and the statutory retirement age proposal: an actuarial view

description: ABSTRACT This paper aimed to apply (dynamic and static) actuarial models to calculate the balanced contribution rates for the planned (at the minimum age) retirement benefit of the General Social Security System, based on the original and substitutive texts of the reform proposed by Michel Temer’s government. Even with the regular increases in life expectancy and the long-term nature of the analyses, national studies on social security are typically based on the static mortality hypothesis. The relevance of this study is evident due to the demographic changes, particularly the increase in life expectancy, experienced by the Brazilian population in recent decades and which put in question the sustainability of the national pension system. The use of dynamic actuarial models allows for more accurate discussions about the future of social security, besides contributing to the still scarce national literature. Static and dynamic actuarial models were applied to a representative individual, adjusting mortality tables from the United Nations covering 1950 to 2100. It was verified that the actuarially fair rates calculated by the dynamic actuarial model are typically higher than those obtained by the static model, especially for women. This difference is expected to increase as gains in life expectancy become more influenced by the reduction in mortality at more advanced ages. Moreover, if the social security reform is approved (in accordance with either the original or the substitutive text), there are indications from the dynamic model that the contributions rates currently charged would be excessive for men. In turn, these rates would be excessive for women considering the original text, and closer to the actuarially fair value considering the substitutive text. The development, disclosure, and regular updating of official dynamic tables (whether for mortality or other biometric assumptions) are also recommended.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11350415.v1
title: Mortality dynamics and the statutory retirement age proposal: an actuarial view

description: ABSTRACT This paper aimed to apply (dynamic and static) actuarial models to calculate the balanced contribution rates for the planned (at the minimum age) retirement benefit of the General Social Security System, based on the original and substitutive texts of the reform proposed by Michel Temer’s government. Even with the regular increases in life expectancy and the long-term nature of the analyses, national studies on social security are typically based on the static mortality hypothesis. The relevance of this study is evident due to the demographic changes, particularly the increase in life expectancy, experienced by the Brazilian population in recent decades and which put in question the sustainability of the national pension system. The use of dynamic actuarial models allows for more accurate discussions about the future of social security, besides contributing to the still scarce national literature. Static and dynamic actuarial models were applied to a representative individual, adjusting mortality tables from the United Nations covering 1950 to 2100. It was verified that the actuarially fair rates calculated by the dynamic actuarial model are typically higher than those obtained by the static model, especially for women. This difference is expected to increase as gains in life expectancy become more influenced by the reduction in mortality at more advanced ages. Moreover, if the social security reform is approved (in accordance with either the original or the substitutive text), there are indications from the dynamic model that the contributions rates currently charged would be excessive for men. In turn, these rates would be excessive for women considering the original text, and closer to the actuarially fair value considering the substitutive text. The development, disclosure, and regular updating of official dynamic tables (whether for mortality or other biometric assumptions) are also recommended.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025580
title: Adoption of active methodologies and their relationship with the life cycle and the qualifications of teaching staff in undergraduate courses in accounting

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to identify and analyze the relationship between the adoption of active methodologies and the teaching life cycle and qualifications of teachers in undergraduate courses in accounting. Thus, a diagnosis is presented regarding the adoption of active methodologies by undergraduate accounting teachers in Brazil, based on the life cycle and qualifications of teaching staff. This study offers a diagnostic tool for teaching staff to support the adoption of active methodologies in the context of teaching accounting, which is affected by the demand for new pedagogical practices to develop soft skills, something that is scarcely addressed in the related literature. Because this adoption depends, in particular, on the teacher’s willingness, investigating factors related to teachers enables it to be identified how much they are likely to adopt active methodologies. As a research strategy, an online questionnaire was used, as well as descriptive and variance analysis (ANOVA) to treat the data. The study presents the evidence that the teaching life cycle, pedagogical qualifications, and professional qualifications are positively related to the adoption of active methodologies, while academic qualifications are negatively related to this adoption. Thus, three contributions of this study can be mentioned: institutional, personal, and academic. At the institutional level, it offers decision makers at higher education institutions (HEIs) a tool capable of supporting the implementation of active methodologies, while enabling faculty performance diagnoses to be carried out, identifying the teachers who are more and less likely to adopt active methods. At the personal level, it highlights the need for teachers to keep up to date in terms of new pedagogical practices, in which hard skills and soft skills are developed. At the academic level, it contributes by providing the literature with results on the themes involved.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025580.v1
title: Adoption of active methodologies and their relationship with the life cycle and the qualifications of teaching staff in undergraduate courses in accounting

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to identify and analyze the relationship between the adoption of active methodologies and the teaching life cycle and qualifications of teachers in undergraduate courses in accounting. Thus, a diagnosis is presented regarding the adoption of active methodologies by undergraduate accounting teachers in Brazil, based on the life cycle and qualifications of teaching staff. This study offers a diagnostic tool for teaching staff to support the adoption of active methodologies in the context of teaching accounting, which is affected by the demand for new pedagogical practices to develop soft skills, something that is scarcely addressed in the related literature. Because this adoption depends, in particular, on the teacher’s willingness, investigating factors related to teachers enables it to be identified how much they are likely to adopt active methodologies. As a research strategy, an online questionnaire was used, as well as descriptive and variance analysis (ANOVA) to treat the data. The study presents the evidence that the teaching life cycle, pedagogical qualifications, and professional qualifications are positively related to the adoption of active methodologies, while academic qualifications are negatively related to this adoption. Thus, three contributions of this study can be mentioned: institutional, personal, and academic. At the institutional level, it offers decision makers at higher education institutions (HEIs) a tool capable of supporting the implementation of active methodologies, while enabling faculty performance diagnoses to be carried out, identifying the teachers who are more and less likely to adopt active methods. At the personal level, it highlights the need for teachers to keep up to date in terms of new pedagogical practices, in which hard skills and soft skills are developed. At the academic level, it contributes by providing the literature with results on the themes involved.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025592
title: Budget and life cycle in family business in succession process,

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to analyze how the budget need is conceived in family businesses in the process of succession. There is a gap about the reasons for using the budget in the context of a family business succession process, whose characteristics and purposes of the budget reflect their need depending on the antecedents the reasons for use. The relevance of the theme lies in understanding the intergenerational succession as a part of the life cycle in family companies and the interface with the management control system (MCS) from the need of the budget with a planning and control tool. As an impact on the area, this study broadens the field of research on budget considering its characteristics and purposes in a context of organizational transition that involves succession in a family business. We adopted the single case study with data collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documents. Data were analyzed from the discursive textual analysis whose focus is the contents related to succession from the organizational life cycle, changes in the MCS, and budget need. The results showed that changes resulting from the succession process on the strategies of its planning (professionalization of management, creation of the holding company, and governance) interact and influence the need of the budget. This stems from the reasons for operational planning and strategic training from its antecedents associated with the organizational characteristics of the success and renewal phase of the life cycle. The contribution of the study is based on the combination of succession in family business and budget by making it possible to reflect on the need for a specific tool (the budget) to support goal setting and decision-making in this context. It will contribute to the MCS and family business by understanding the need for budgeting in the succession process. In addition, it will validate the three-phase model of the succession process in a family business as part of the organizational life cycle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025592.v1
title: Budget and life cycle in family business in succession process,

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work is to analyze how the budget need is conceived in family businesses in the process of succession. There is a gap about the reasons for using the budget in the context of a family business succession process, whose characteristics and purposes of the budget reflect their need depending on the antecedents the reasons for use. The relevance of the theme lies in understanding the intergenerational succession as a part of the life cycle in family companies and the interface with the management control system (MCS) from the need of the budget with a planning and control tool. As an impact on the area, this study broadens the field of research on budget considering its characteristics and purposes in a context of organizational transition that involves succession in a family business. We adopted the single case study with data collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and documents. Data were analyzed from the discursive textual analysis whose focus is the contents related to succession from the organizational life cycle, changes in the MCS, and budget need. The results showed that changes resulting from the succession process on the strategies of its planning (professionalization of management, creation of the holding company, and governance) interact and influence the need of the budget. This stems from the reasons for operational planning and strategic training from its antecedents associated with the organizational characteristics of the success and renewal phase of the life cycle. The contribution of the study is based on the combination of succession in family business and budget by making it possible to reflect on the need for a specific tool (the budget) to support goal setting and decision-making in this context. It will contribute to the MCS and family business by understanding the need for budgeting in the succession process. In addition, it will validate the three-phase model of the succession process in a family business as part of the organizational life cycle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025593
title: Incentives for accounting choices in Cash Flows Statements

description: ABSTRACT This study sought to identify incentives that influence the accounting choices for classifying interest and dividends received or paid in Cash Flow Statements (CFSs), in the period from 2008 to 2014, in non-financial companies of the Brazilian capital market. The hypotheses refer to the effect of the choice of classification for interest and dividends over cash flow from operations (CFO), according to indebtedness, profitability, size, negative CFO, sector, and auditor. This article seeks to contribute by providing evidence on the accounting choices for classification in CFSs, considering the lack of consensus in the results of studies in the Brazilian capital market and helping to better understand these accounting choices and the incentives behind them. A correct understanding of the information in CFSs is fundamental for them to be useful to their users. The existence of accounting choices for classification in CFSs may directly affect this understanding and, consequently, their usefulness. The results help in better understanding the discretion contained in CFSs, enabling the correct use of their information. They can also generate evidence for regulatory bodies to rethink their accounting rules and for academia to direct future research. Two panel data models were developed, using a sample of 352 companies, 2,290 analyzed reports, and 3,764 data items. The results indicate that companies with a greater level of debt, profitability, and size make their accounting choices in order to report higher CFO in the CFS. The evidence obtained reinforces the international findings and adds new analyses in the Brazilian context, contributing to the development of accounting choice theory.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20025593.v1
title: Incentives for accounting choices in Cash Flows Statements

description: ABSTRACT This study sought to identify incentives that influence the accounting choices for classifying interest and dividends received or paid in Cash Flow Statements (CFSs), in the period from 2008 to 2014, in non-financial companies of the Brazilian capital market. The hypotheses refer to the effect of the choice of classification for interest and dividends over cash flow from operations (CFO), according to indebtedness, profitability, size, negative CFO, sector, and auditor. This article seeks to contribute by providing evidence on the accounting choices for classification in CFSs, considering the lack of consensus in the results of studies in the Brazilian capital market and helping to better understand these accounting choices and the incentives behind them. A correct understanding of the information in CFSs is fundamental for them to be useful to their users. The existence of accounting choices for classification in CFSs may directly affect this understanding and, consequently, their usefulness. The results help in better understanding the discretion contained in CFSs, enabling the correct use of their information. They can also generate evidence for regulatory bodies to rethink their accounting rules and for academia to direct future research. Two panel data models were developed, using a sample of 352 companies, 2,290 analyzed reports, and 3,764 data items. The results indicate that companies with a greater level of debt, profitability, and size make their accounting choices in order to report higher CFO in the CFS. The evidence obtained reinforces the international findings and adds new analyses in the Brazilian context, contributing to the development of accounting choice theory.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056700
title: Analysis of the relationship between company characteristics and key audit matters disclosed

description: ABSTRACT The general objective of this study is to analyze whether the particularities of audited companies influence the volume of key audit matters (KAMs). Its specific objectives are to identify the number of KAMs disclosed by Brazilian companies and analyze the main factors associated with their disclosure. The paper aims to contribute to an area of investigation still lacking in studies that analyze the factors affecting KAM disclosure, which makes audit reports more individualized. The study contributes to understanding the main auditing issues in Brazilian companies that auditors consider relevant, by providing evidence on factors associated with their disclosure. This research is relevant for agencies that issue auditing standards and for financial information users. For issuers of auditing standards, the study is relevant because it identifies the factors associated with KAM disclosure, enabling it to be confirmed that the new audit report model has contributed to its destandardization. For financial information users, the study demonstrates that KAM disclosure varies from company to company, thus contributing to greater transparency of the audit report. Data were collected from the Audit Reports and Consolidated Financial Statements of the 447 Brazilian companies listed on the São Paulo Securities, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBovespa), on December 31st of 2016, and an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was applied to the defined model. The results show a positive relationship between the number of KAMs disclosed and both the auditor being a Big 4 and the complexity of the audited company. The auditor’s fees and auditor’s opinion being modified show a negative relationship with the number of KAMs. The article is relevant for companies, auditors, and regulatory and supervisory bodies as it identifies company characteristics that influence KAM disclosure and are determinants for the non-standardization of the auditor’s report.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056700.v1
title: Analysis of the relationship between company characteristics and key audit matters disclosed

description: ABSTRACT The general objective of this study is to analyze whether the particularities of audited companies influence the volume of key audit matters (KAMs). Its specific objectives are to identify the number of KAMs disclosed by Brazilian companies and analyze the main factors associated with their disclosure. The paper aims to contribute to an area of investigation still lacking in studies that analyze the factors affecting KAM disclosure, which makes audit reports more individualized. The study contributes to understanding the main auditing issues in Brazilian companies that auditors consider relevant, by providing evidence on factors associated with their disclosure. This research is relevant for agencies that issue auditing standards and for financial information users. For issuers of auditing standards, the study is relevant because it identifies the factors associated with KAM disclosure, enabling it to be confirmed that the new audit report model has contributed to its destandardization. For financial information users, the study demonstrates that KAM disclosure varies from company to company, thus contributing to greater transparency of the audit report. Data were collected from the Audit Reports and Consolidated Financial Statements of the 447 Brazilian companies listed on the São Paulo Securities, Commodities, and Futures Exchange (BM&FBovespa), on December 31st of 2016, and an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was applied to the defined model. The results show a positive relationship between the number of KAMs disclosed and both the auditor being a Big 4 and the complexity of the audited company. The auditor’s fees and auditor’s opinion being modified show a negative relationship with the number of KAMs. The article is relevant for companies, auditors, and regulatory and supervisory bodies as it identifies company characteristics that influence KAM disclosure and are determinants for the non-standardization of the auditor’s report.