DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17179962
title: Meteorological and snowpack observations from the Jeff Dozier Snow Study Site [formerly the CRREL/UCSB Energy Site (CUES)] on Mammoth Mountain, CA, USA: 1 January 2015 – 30 June 2025

description: Overview

This is a post-processed dataset of select measurements from the Jeff Dozier Snow Study Site—formerly the CRREL/UCSB Energy Site (CUES)—on Mammoth Mountain, California, USA (https://snow.ucsb.edu/) over the 1 January 2015 – 30 June 2025 period.



Coordinates: 37.6431°N, 119.0291°W [map]

Elevation: 2936 m (9633 ft)


Processing of this dataset was conducted by Manda Chasteen, Leidos Inc., in 2025 as part of work supported by U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory award W913E523C0002. The raw uncleaned data—and other observations from this same period that were not included herein—can be downloaded from https://snow.ucsb.edu/. 

DoD Distribution Statement A. Approved for public release: distribution is unlimited.

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File Descriptions

See README for more information

1-min data:

CUES_1min_data_atmos_radiation_soiltemp_precip_2015to2025.nc: netCDF file containing 1-min observations of atmospheric variables, upwelling and downwelling radiation, soil temperature, and disdrometer precipitation measurements.

ncdump_CUES_1min_data_atmos_radiation_soiltemp_precip_2015to2025.txt: text file summarizing the file contents via the output from ncdump -h CUES_1min_data_atmos_radiation_soiltemp_precip_2015to2025.nc

Atmosphere:



air_temperature

air_temperature_data_flag

relative_humidity

relative_humidity_data_flag

station_pressure

station_pressure_data_flag

wind_speed

wind_direction


Radiation:



surface_skin_temperature

surface_skin_temperature_data_flag

downwelling_longwave_platform

downwelling_longwave_platform_data_flag

downwelling_shortwave_platform

downwelling_shortwave_platform_data_flag

downwelling_shortwave_platform_instrument_flag

downwelling_shortwave_adj_boom

downwelling_shortwave_adj_boom_data_flag

upwelling_shortwave_fixed_boom

upwelling_shortwave_fixed_boom_data_flag

upwelling_shortwave_adj_boom

upwelling_shortwave_adj_boom_data_flag


Soil temperature:



soil_temperature_0cm_north

soil_temperature_10cm_north

soil_temperature_20cm_north

soil_temperature_30cm_north

soil_temperature_40cm_north

soil_temperature_50cm_north

soil_temperature_70cm_north

soil_temperature_70cm_north

soil_temperature_80cm_north

soil_temperature_90cm_north

soil_temperature_0cm_south

soil_temperature_10cm_south

soil_temperature_20cm_south

soil_temperature_30cm_south

soil_temperature_40cm_south

soil_temperature_50cm_south

soil_temperature_70cm_south

soil_temperature_70cm_south

soil_temperature_80cm_south

soil_temperature_90cm_south

soil_temperature_0cm_center

soil_temperature_10cm_center

soil_temperature_20cm_center

soil_temperature_30cm_center

soil_temperature_40cm_center

soil_temperature_50cm_center

soil_temperature_70cm_center

soil_temperature_70cm_center

soil_temperature_80cm_center

soil_temperature_90cm_center


Precipitation:



rainfall_rate

snowfall_swe_rate

accumulated_rain_1min

precipitation_type

precipitation_phase

number_of_hydrometeors

equivalent_radar_reflectivity

visibility


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5-min data:

CUES_5min_data_snowdepth_swe_density_2015to2025.nc: netCDF file containing 5-min observations of snow depth, snow water equivalent (SWE), and derived snow density.

ncdump_CUES_5min_data_snowdepth_swe_density_2015to2025.txt: text file summarizing the file contents via the output from ncdump -h CUES_5min_data_snowdepth_swe_density_2015to2025.nc

Snow depth:



snow_depth_wind_mast

snow_depth_wind_mast_data_flag

snow_depth_wind_mast_instrument_flag

snow_depth_fixed_boom

snow_depth_fixed_boom_data_flag

snow_depth_fixed_boom_instrument_flag

snow_depth_platform_south

snow_depth_platform_south_data_flag

snow_depth_platform_south_instrument_flag

snow_depth_remote_boom

snow_depth_remote_boom_data_flag

snow_depth_remote_boom_instrument_flag

snow_depth_remote_boom_density_calc

snow_depth_platform_north

snow_depth_platform_north_data_flag

snow_depth_platform_north_instrument_flag

snow_depth_platform_north_density_calc


SWE:



swe_dri_pillow

swe_dri_pillow_data_flag

swe_dwr_pillow

swe_dwr_pillow_data_flag

snowless_periods_dwr_pillow_flag

swe_dwr_pillow_density_calc

swe_ssg_pillows

swe_ssg_pillow_data_flag

snowless_periods_ssg_pillow_flag

swe_ssg_pillow_density_calc


Derived snow density:



snow_density_dwr_pillow

snow_density_ssg_pillow


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15-min data:

CUES_15min_data_meltwater_soilmoisture_2015to2025.nc: netCDF file containing 15-min observations of snow meltwater and soil moisture.

ncdump_CUES_15min_data_meltwater_soilmoisture_2015to2025.txt: text file summarizing the file contents via the output from ncdump -h CUES_15min_data_meltwater_soilmoisture_2015to2025.nc

Snow meltwater:



meltwater_south_1

meltwater_south_1_NaN_flag

meltwater_south_1_large_flag

meltwater_south_1_scaling_flag

meltwater_south_2

meltwater_south_2_NaN_flag

meltwater_south_2_large_flag

meltwater_south_2_scaling_flag

meltwater_south_3

meltwater_south_3_NaN_flag

meltwater_south_3_large_flag

meltwater_south_3_scaling_flag

meltwater_south_4

meltwater_south_4_NaN_flag

meltwater_south_4_large_flag

meltwater_south_4_scaling_flag

meltwater_north_5

meltwater_north_5_NaN_flag

meltwater_north_5_large_flag

meltwater_north_5_scaling_flag

meltwater_north_6

meltwater_north_6_NaN_flag

meltwater_north_6_large_flag

meltwater_north_6_scaling_flag

meltwater_north_7

meltwater_north_7_NaN_flag

meltwater_north_7_large_flag

meltwater_north_7_scaling_flag

meltwater_north_8

meltwater_north_8_NaN_flag

meltwater_north_8_large_flag

meltwater_north_8_scaling_flag


Soil moisture:



soil_moisture_10cm_south

soil_moisture_20cm_south

soil_moisture_30cm_south

soil_moisture_40cm_south

soil_moisture_60cm_south

soil_moisture_100cm_south

soil_moisture_10cm_north

soil_moisture_20cm_north

soil_moisture_30cm_north

soil_moisture_40cm_north

soil_moisture_60cm_north

soil_moisture_100cm_north


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Grouped data:

CUES_grouped_data_2015to2025.nc: consolidated netCDF file containing all prior observations, split into groups: data_1_min, data_5_min, data_15_min.

ncdump_CUES_grouped_data_2015to2025.txt: text file summarizing the file contents via the output from ncdump -h CUES_grouped_data_2015to2025.nc
description: Data associated with each measurement variable was individually QCed / cleaned with the goal of preserving as much of the time series as possible. Steps involved in this procedure included manually removing erroneous observations and filtering out significant outliers with potential replacement. The specific procedures applied to each observation varied and are detailed as variable attributes in the netCDF files. These can be found in the ncdump_* files for convenience.

Additional data cleaning may be necessary or desired depending on the intended use of this dataset.