DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17607620
title: Word-aligned Parallel Corpus of Plato's Crito in Persian

description: This dataset offers a multilingual corpus for studying Persian translations of Plato’s Crito in comparison with the Ancient Greek source text. It is designed for scholars and students working in fields such as translation studies, computational linguistics, and philology.

This repository includes:



The Ancient Greek text of Crito (Burnet edition)

Five Persian student translations, word-level and sentence-level alignments

Three finalized Persian translations, word-level andsentence-level alignments, including UD treebank annotations

Two English translations (Jowett and Fowler), sentence-level aligned

One German translation (Schleiermacher), sentence-level aligned

A Greek–Persian lexical wordlist for Crito


Source Texts & References



Greek text: 


Plato. Platonis Opera, ed. John Burnet. Oxford University Press. 1903.Source: Perseus Digital Library – https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0169%3Atext%3DCrito%3Asection%3D43a



Student Persian translations:


Produced during a Greek translation course by elementary students after a 30-hour introductory course to Ancient Greek. Each translation was made using Ancient Greek commentaries, lexicons, and parallel English and German translations available in this dataset. Alignments were created by the translators using Ugarit.These translations are available as word-level and sentence-level alignments. The word alignments are extracted from Ugarit, but they are still visualized on Ugarit. Translators’ Ugarit profiles:

- Shouresh Assimi: https://ugarit.ialigner.com/userProfile.php?userid=50956- Aylar Mahmoudzadeh Sarabi: https://ugarit.ialigner.com/userProfile.php?userid=63464&tgid=9576- Nima Mohammadi: https://ugarit.ialigner.com/userProfile.php?userid=52434&tgid=9362- Kimia Nikpour: https://ugarit.ialigner.com/userProfile.php?userid=52378- Farshid Rahimi: https://ugarit.ialigner.com/userProfile.php?userid=50932&tgid=9727



Finalized Persian translations:


Three finalized Persian translations, revised under the supervision of Farnoosh Shamsian.These translations are available as word-level and sentence-level alignments, accompanied by UD treebank annotation



English translations: 


Fowler’s translation:Plato, H. N. Fowler, W. Lamb, Plato in Twelve Volumes, Vol. 1, translated by Harold North Fowler; Introduction by W.R.M. Lamb, volume 1, Harvard University Press and Wiliam Heinemann Ltd., Cambridge, MA and London, 1966.Fowler's translation on Perseus Digital Library:https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=plat.+crito+43aAlignment: Sentence-level

Jowett's translation:Plato, B. Jowett, Crito, The Internet Classics Archive, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, http://classics.mit.edu/Plato/crito.html.Alignment: Sentence-level



German translation: 


Plato, F. Schleiermacher, Platons Werke, In der Realschulbuchhandlung, 1809Link to the text on Project Gutenberg:https://www.projekt-gutenberg.org/platon/platowr1/kriton.html Alignment: Sentence-level

 

Dataset Contents

To ensure proper rendering of Persian RTL text, files are available in both CSV and XML formats when necessary.



Student translations aligned at sentence-level:Sentence-level alignments of the Ancient Greek text of Plato’s Crito with all five student Persian translations, two English translations (Jowett and Fowler), and one German translation (Schleiermacher).The sentence number is the treebank sentence ID followed by the Stephanus paginations.Files and Formats available:crito_sentence_alignments_student_translations.csvcrito_sentence_alignments_student_translations.xlsxNotes: All eight translations aligned to the same sentence boundaries as the Greek text.

Student alignment data extracted from Ugarit:Word-level alignments of the student translations, which were done throughout the course by each student on Ugarit. The zip file includes five folders, each containing the Ugarit user ID of the student who did the translation and the alignment, followed by their last name in parentheses. Each folder includes the alignments of Crito done by the student, exported from Ugarit as a JSON file. The name of each JSON file is the identifier of the alignment on Ugarit.Formats available:student_alignments_ugarit.zip, containing JSON files

Three finalized Persian translations aligned at sentence-level:Sentence-level alignments of the Ancient Greek text of Crito with the three finalized Persian translations under the supervision of Farnoosh Shamsian. The sentence number is the treebank sentence ID followed by the Stephanus paginations.  Formats available:crito_finalized_translations_sentence_alignment.csvcrito_finalized_translations_sentence_alignment.xlsx

Three finalized Persian translations aligned at word-level to the UD treebanks:Word-level alignments of the three finalized Persian translations to the Ancient Greek text, accompanied by UD Treebank annotations. These alignments are done by a single annotator according to alignment guidelines previously published on Zenodo here:Shamsian, F. (2023). Alignment Guidelines for Greek-Persian. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.8039931Formats available:crito_finalized_translations_treebank_word_alignment.csvcrito_finalized_translations_treebank_word_alignment.xlsxNotes: The translations are aligned to the treebanks provided by the Pedalion project, which were automatically generated and manually corrected. See more here: https://perseids-publications.github.io/pedalion-trees/

A Greek-Persian wordlist:A bilingual wordlist containing Greek–Persian lexical correspondences for every Greek word attested in Plato’s Crito.Formats available:crito_greek_persian_wordlist.csvcrito_greek_persian_wordlist.xlsx


 

Notes

This is the actively maintained and most complete release. An earlier version (only the three finalized translations) is now outdated, but still archived on Zenodo for reference here:

Shamsian, F., Assimi, S., Mahmoudzadeh Sarabi, A., Mohammadi, N., Nikpour, K., & Rahimi, F. (2023). Persian Translations of Crito, Three Versions with Word-level Alignment. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8333681

 

Refrences to the consulted print sources and other Persian translations:

Adam, J. (1888). Platonis Crito. Cambridge University Press.

Emlyn-Jones, C. (1999). Crito. London: Bloomsbury Academic.

Fowler, H. N., Lamb, W. R. M., & Shorey, P. (1966). Plato in Twelve Volumes: With an English Translation. Harvard University Press.

Jowett, B. (1909). The Apology, Phaedo, and Crito of Plato, with introduction, notes and illustrations. New York P.F. Collier & son. http://archive.org/details/apologyphaedocri0000plat

Plato (1938) Hekmate Soghrāt va Aflātun (M. A. Foroughi, Trans.) Tehran: Majles Publishing house.

Plato (1979) Dore-ye Āsāre Aflātun (H. Lotfi, Trans.) Tehran: Kharazmi.

Plato (1989) Vāpasin Ruzhāye Soghrāt (J. Jahanshahi, Trans.)  Tehran: Porsesh.

Plato (2013) Mohākeme-ye Soghrāt (L. Golestan, Trans.) Tehran: Markaz.

Plato (2023) Kriton (I. Shafi’-Beyk, Trans.) Tehran: Ney.

Schleiermacher, F. (1910). Platons Apologie und Kriton. Verlag Philipp Reclam.