cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27931683
title: Inter-rater reliability of Centor score assessments between telemedicine and in-person examinations in patients with an acute sore throat

description: It is uncertain whether the Centor criteria can be reliably assessed during telemedicine encounters with patients seeking care for a sore throat. Acquiring this knowledge is important as sore throat is a common reason for telemedicine consultations. To compare the inter-rater reliability of Centor score assessments <i>via</i> telemedicine versus in-person examinations. <b>Secondary objectives</b>: To investigate whether the interrater reliability varies when assessing patients who are children versus adults, and whether the telemedicine physician considered conditions for assessment as adequate. A cross-sectional study in which each patient initially underwent a telemedicine evaluation, followed by an in-person assessment conducted by an independent physician who was kept unaware of the outcome of the initial evaluation. Agreement between both assessments was measured using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. During 2020-2023 189 patients with a mean age of 31 years (SD 18) were included. Among them, 114 were female and 148 adults. Agreement was low with kappa between 0.47(95% CI 0.38 − 0.56) to 0.58 (95% CI 0.43−0.72) when comparing assessments of lymph nodes, tonsils and the total Centor score. Kappa was potentially acceptable for history of fever and absence of cough. Subgrouping participants into children and adults did not affect kappa of the total Centor score. Telemedicine examination in patients with an acute sore throat is not reliable for assessing Centor criteria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27931683.v1
title: Inter-rater reliability of Centor score assessments between telemedicine and in-person examinations in patients with an acute sore throat

description: It is uncertain whether the Centor criteria can be reliably assessed during telemedicine encounters with patients seeking care for a sore throat. Acquiring this knowledge is important as sore throat is a common reason for telemedicine consultations. To compare the inter-rater reliability of Centor score assessments <i>via</i> telemedicine versus in-person examinations. <b>Secondary objectives</b>: To investigate whether the interrater reliability varies when assessing patients who are children versus adults, and whether the telemedicine physician considered conditions for assessment as adequate. A cross-sectional study in which each patient initially underwent a telemedicine evaluation, followed by an in-person assessment conducted by an independent physician who was kept unaware of the outcome of the initial evaluation. Agreement between both assessments was measured using Cohen’s kappa coefficient. During 2020-2023 189 patients with a mean age of 31 years (SD 18) were included. Among them, 114 were female and 148 adults. Agreement was low with kappa between 0.47(95% CI 0.38 − 0.56) to 0.58 (95% CI 0.43−0.72) when comparing assessments of lymph nodes, tonsils and the total Centor score. Kappa was potentially acceptable for history of fever and absence of cough. Subgrouping participants into children and adults did not affect kappa of the total Centor score. Telemedicine examination in patients with an acute sore throat is not reliable for assessing Centor criteria.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24494768.v1
title: A new kannemeyeriiform dicynodont (Synapsida) from a Late Triassic vertebrate assemblage in west Texas, U.S.A.

description: A new kannemeyeriiform dicynodont is described from the Upper Triassic Tecovas Formation (Dockum Group) of west Texas, U.S.A. The taxon, <i>Argodicynodon boreni</i> gen. et sp. nov., is diagnosed by numerous cranial characters including: squamosal-interparietal sutural contact broad and interdigitating; tall, narrow intertemporal region formed by the parietals with long postorbitals forming the lateral face of the dorsal platform; interparietal forms knobby, bilobed exostoses that wedge between the parietals to form a W-shaped outline in dorsal view; basioccipital and exoccipital contributions to the occipital condyle are distinct, and the dorsal fossa separating the exoccipitals is deeply incised and dorsoventrally deep; caniniform process of the maxilla is dorsoventrally deep and well developed; and an elongated tab-like medial process of the articular exceeds the width of the quadrate roller. A phylogenetic analysis based on 23 continuous and 176 discrete (numeric) morphological characters and 120 taxa finds <i>Argodicynodon</i> conservatively to be a placeriine near the <i>Placerias</i> + <i>Moghreberia</i> group, representing the oldest placeriine in the southwestern U.S.A. and the first named dicynodont genus from the Dockum Group of Texas. A review of Euramerican dicynodont records exposes their hidden diversity and abundance in Laurasia during the Late Triassic. The records of <i>Argodicynodon</i> and other previously undescribed dicynodont fossils from nearby localities underscores the diversity of non-<i>Placerias</i> dicynodonts in the North American Upper Triassic. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AB9B7ABC-6C84-4B04-909F-F1DA114030AB
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24871902
title: Testing hypotheses of pteraspid heterostracan feeding using computational fluid dynamics

description: The ecological context of early vertebrate evolution has been characterized as a gradual shift from passive to more active feeding modes. This evolutionary scenario has been based largely on poorly constrained inferences of the feeding ecology of extinct stem-gnathostomes, among which heterostracans are the earliest. Pteraspidiform heterostracans possessed a feeding apparatus composed of rod-like oral plates with rows of rostrally facing denticles, previously interpreted as an adaptation for suspension feeding. Here, we test this hypothesis using computational fluid dynamics. We simulate water flow around 2D models consisting of rows of denticles both rostrally facing and reversed, to assess whether these orientations create recirculation patterns that are a hydrodynamic adaptation to suspension feeding. All tested models, independent of denticle orientation, show similar flow, velocity, and vorticity patterns. Recirculation patterns, highest velocity, and vorticity develop directly on top of the denticles and in spaces between the denticles. Therefore, we reject the hypothesis that denticle orientation is an adaptation for recirculation linked to suspension feeding. The denticles may instead have served to prevent material from lodging between the plates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24871902.v1
title: Testing hypotheses of pteraspid heterostracan feeding using computational fluid dynamics

description: The ecological context of early vertebrate evolution has been characterized as a gradual shift from passive to more active feeding modes. This evolutionary scenario has been based largely on poorly constrained inferences of the feeding ecology of extinct stem-gnathostomes, among which heterostracans are the earliest. Pteraspidiform heterostracans possessed a feeding apparatus composed of rod-like oral plates with rows of rostrally facing denticles, previously interpreted as an adaptation for suspension feeding. Here, we test this hypothesis using computational fluid dynamics. We simulate water flow around 2D models consisting of rows of denticles both rostrally facing and reversed, to assess whether these orientations create recirculation patterns that are a hydrodynamic adaptation to suspension feeding. All tested models, independent of denticle orientation, show similar flow, velocity, and vorticity patterns. Recirculation patterns, highest velocity, and vorticity develop directly on top of the denticles and in spaces between the denticles. Therefore, we reject the hypothesis that denticle orientation is an adaptation for recirculation linked to suspension feeding. The denticles may instead have served to prevent material from lodging between the plates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24304612.v1
title: The first small-bodied ornithopod dinosaur from the Lewisville Formation (middle Cenomanian) of Texas

description: Sediments of the Woodbine Group exposed in northeastern Texas were deposited along the southwestern margin of Appalachia as a series of near-shore, shoreline, distal lowland swamp, lake, and fluvial deposits during a regression of the Western Interior Seaway in early and middle Cenomanian time. The Lewisville Formation (upper Woodbine Group) of north Texas preserves the most diverse terrestrial fossil assemblage known from Appalachia, but remains of small ornithischian dinosaurs have been conspicuously absent from it. An almost complete left dentary from the Lewisville Formation represents a new, small-bodied ornithopod taxon, <i>Ampelognathus coheni</i> gen. et sp. nov. The dentary is generally similar to those in non-iguanodontian ornithopods such as <i>Hypsilophodon</i>, <i>Changchunsaurus</i>, <i>Haya</i>, and <i>Convolosaurus</i>. <i>Ampelognathus</i> occupied an expected but previously missing component of the ‘mid’ Cretaceous terrestrial fauna of southwestern Appalachia. The growing diversity of fossil vertebrates and renewed paleobotanical study in the Lewisville Formation reinforces the importance of the unit’s fossil record for understanding eastern North American terrestrial ecosystems during an important transitional period in the earliest Late Cretaceous.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:02642649-ED6F-483A-994A-EC5F3FDF2AC7
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24494768
title: A new kannemeyeriiform dicynodont (Synapsida) from a Late Triassic vertebrate assemblage in west Texas, U.S.A.

description: A new kannemeyeriiform dicynodont is described from the Upper Triassic Tecovas Formation (Dockum Group) of west Texas, U.S.A. The taxon, <i>Argodicynodon boreni</i> gen. et sp. nov., is diagnosed by numerous cranial characters including: squamosal-interparietal sutural contact broad and interdigitating; tall, narrow intertemporal region formed by the parietals with long postorbitals forming the lateral face of the dorsal platform; interparietal forms knobby, bilobed exostoses that wedge between the parietals to form a W-shaped outline in dorsal view; basioccipital and exoccipital contributions to the occipital condyle are distinct, and the dorsal fossa separating the exoccipitals is deeply incised and dorsoventrally deep; caniniform process of the maxilla is dorsoventrally deep and well developed; and an elongated tab-like medial process of the articular exceeds the width of the quadrate roller. A phylogenetic analysis based on 23 continuous and 176 discrete (numeric) morphological characters and 120 taxa finds <i>Argodicynodon</i> conservatively to be a placeriine near the <i>Placerias</i> + <i>Moghreberia</i> group, representing the oldest placeriine in the southwestern U.S.A. and the first named dicynodont genus from the Dockum Group of Texas. A review of Euramerican dicynodont records exposes their hidden diversity and abundance in Laurasia during the Late Triassic. The records of <i>Argodicynodon</i> and other previously undescribed dicynodont fossils from nearby localities underscores the diversity of non-<i>Placerias</i> dicynodonts in the North American Upper Triassic. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:AB9B7ABC-6C84-4B04-909F-F1DA114030AB
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24843552
title: Geochemical extraction of ceratopsian remains from ironstone

description: Ironstone surrounds many fossils and has a hardness that provides a significant challenge to fossil conservators globally. There are various forms of ironstone, with the carbonate forms of siderite and silicates most often containing vertebrate fossils and potentially preserved soft tissues. The ironstone itself is much harder than the fossils preserved within, leading to the mechanical preparation of the fossils––typically using pin vises or airscribes––being time-consuming and presenting the risk of damage. Existing chemical methods for softening ironstone to prepare the fossils have varied success and also pose a risk of damaging the fossil itself. Here we show that carbonic acid can soften ironstone without damaging permineralized bone or potentially preserved soft tissues. Carbonic acid treatments reduced the hardness of ironstone without causing any significant change in hardness, color, chemical composition, or weight to permineralized ceratopsian bones or a modern cervid bone that retained nonmineralized internal tissues. In addition, we found that solutions of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide were viable for softening ironstone to remove from the permineralized bone when preserved soft tissue recovery is not a priority. The treatments proposed in this study are important as they are applicable to a range of preparation scenarios, are cost-efficient, are relatively safe to handle, and cause no damage to permineralized fossil bones. Putting these methods into practice can lead to more efficient and safe preparation of fossils in ironstone.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24843552.v1
title: Geochemical extraction of ceratopsian remains from ironstone

description: Ironstone surrounds many fossils and has a hardness that provides a significant challenge to fossil conservators globally. There are various forms of ironstone, with the carbonate forms of siderite and silicates most often containing vertebrate fossils and potentially preserved soft tissues. The ironstone itself is much harder than the fossils preserved within, leading to the mechanical preparation of the fossils––typically using pin vises or airscribes––being time-consuming and presenting the risk of damage. Existing chemical methods for softening ironstone to prepare the fossils have varied success and also pose a risk of damaging the fossil itself. Here we show that carbonic acid can soften ironstone without damaging permineralized bone or potentially preserved soft tissues. Carbonic acid treatments reduced the hardness of ironstone without causing any significant change in hardness, color, chemical composition, or weight to permineralized ceratopsian bones or a modern cervid bone that retained nonmineralized internal tissues. In addition, we found that solutions of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide were viable for softening ironstone to remove from the permineralized bone when preserved soft tissue recovery is not a priority. The treatments proposed in this study are important as they are applicable to a range of preparation scenarios, are cost-efficient, are relatively safe to handle, and cause no damage to permineralized fossil bones. Putting these methods into practice can lead to more efficient and safe preparation of fossils in ironstone.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24304612
title: The first small-bodied ornithopod dinosaur from the Lewisville Formation (middle Cenomanian) of Texas

description: Sediments of the Woodbine Group exposed in northeastern Texas were deposited along the southwestern margin of Appalachia as a series of near-shore, shoreline, distal lowland swamp, lake, and fluvial deposits during a regression of the Western Interior Seaway in early and middle Cenomanian time. The Lewisville Formation (upper Woodbine Group) of north Texas preserves the most diverse terrestrial fossil assemblage known from Appalachia, but remains of small ornithischian dinosaurs have been conspicuously absent from it. An almost complete left dentary from the Lewisville Formation represents a new, small-bodied ornithopod taxon, <i>Ampelognathus coheni</i> gen. et sp. nov. The dentary is generally similar to those in non-iguanodontian ornithopods such as <i>Hypsilophodon</i>, <i>Changchunsaurus</i>, <i>Haya</i>, and <i>Convolosaurus</i>. <i>Ampelognathus</i> occupied an expected but previously missing component of the ‘mid’ Cretaceous terrestrial fauna of southwestern Appalachia. The growing diversity of fossil vertebrates and renewed paleobotanical study in the Lewisville Formation reinforces the importance of the unit’s fossil record for understanding eastern North American terrestrial ecosystems during an important transitional period in the earliest Late Cretaceous.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:02642649-ED6F-483A-994A-EC5F3FDF2AC7
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24324434
title: A large, freshwater chanid fish (Ostariophysi: Gonorynchiformes) from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar

description: Isolated fossil bones from freshwater Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) deposits in the Mahajanga Basin of northwestern Madagascar are identified as belonging to a gonorynchiform fish. Multiple elements representing the same bone, including opercles, hyomandibulae, frontals, and basioccipitals, indicate that only a single gonorynchiform species is present. The most diagnostic element is here named as a new genus and species, †<i>Vango fahiny</i>; the other elements likely belong to the same taxon. The Madagascan gonorynchiform material shares features with members of the subfamily Chaninae and is assigned to that group. It is similar to the extant milkfish <i>Chanos chanos</i> but can be easily distinguished from that species by numerous features, such as the basioccipital and maxilla being relatively shorter than those of <i>C. chanos</i>, and the opercle being overall rounder and having a shorter auricular process. The presence of a chanid in Madagascar in the Maastrichtian most likely represents an invasion of a marine lineage into fresh waters. The previously known Cretaceous fossils of gonorynchiforms are spread throughout the Tethys Sea in mid-latitude to northern regions from the east (e.g., Lebanon, Europe) through to the southwest (e.g., Mexico, Brazil). †<i>Vango faniny</i> gen. et sp. nov. represents the first Mesozoic/Paleogene record of gonorynchiforms in East Gondwana, comprising primarily Antarctica, Australia, Madagascar, and the Indian subcontinent.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24324434.v1
title: A large, freshwater chanid fish (Ostariophysi: Gonorynchiformes) from the Upper Cretaceous of Madagascar

description: Isolated fossil bones from freshwater Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) deposits in the Mahajanga Basin of northwestern Madagascar are identified as belonging to a gonorynchiform fish. Multiple elements representing the same bone, including opercles, hyomandibulae, frontals, and basioccipitals, indicate that only a single gonorynchiform species is present. The most diagnostic element is here named as a new genus and species, †<i>Vango fahiny</i>; the other elements likely belong to the same taxon. The Madagascan gonorynchiform material shares features with members of the subfamily Chaninae and is assigned to that group. It is similar to the extant milkfish <i>Chanos chanos</i> but can be easily distinguished from that species by numerous features, such as the basioccipital and maxilla being relatively shorter than those of <i>C. chanos</i>, and the opercle being overall rounder and having a shorter auricular process. The presence of a chanid in Madagascar in the Maastrichtian most likely represents an invasion of a marine lineage into fresh waters. The previously known Cretaceous fossils of gonorynchiforms are spread throughout the Tethys Sea in mid-latitude to northern regions from the east (e.g., Lebanon, Europe) through to the southwest (e.g., Mexico, Brazil). †<i>Vango faniny</i> gen. et sp. nov. represents the first Mesozoic/Paleogene record of gonorynchiforms in East Gondwana, comprising primarily Antarctica, Australia, Madagascar, and the Indian subcontinent.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24341046
title: Reassessment of <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i> Ameghino 1903–1904 (<i>Notoungulata</i>, <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>) and a new phylogenetic analysis of <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>

description: Within the notoungulate family <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>, some species have not been analyzed since their original publication more than a century ago. Here we present the first re-evaluation of <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i>, including a detailed description of its holotype in an updated comparative framework, a species presumably coming from the Trelew Member of the Sarmiento Formation (Chubut Province, Argentina). <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i> is included for the first time in a phylogenetic analysis centered in the interrelationships of hegetotheriids and defining clades according to the PhyloCode. <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i> is recovered as a hegetotheriine closely related to <i>Sallatherium</i> and <i>Hegetotherium</i>; <i>Hegetotheriopsis sulcatus</i> is the earliest branch of the clade <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>, whereas <i>Prohegetotherium</i> and <i>Paedotherium</i> turn out to be paraphyletic, reinforcing results obtained in recent studies. The family <i>Hegetotheriidae</i> and both subfamilies, <i>Hegetotheriinae</i> and <i>Pachyrukhinae</i>, are recovered as monophyletic groups and defined phylogenetically, as well as two new clades: <i>Pachyrukhini</i> and <i>Hemihegetotheriomorpha</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24341046.v1
title: Reassessment of <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i> Ameghino 1903–1904 (<i>Notoungulata</i>, <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>) and a new phylogenetic analysis of <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>

description: Within the notoungulate family <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>, some species have not been analyzed since their original publication more than a century ago. Here we present the first re-evaluation of <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i>, including a detailed description of its holotype in an updated comparative framework, a species presumably coming from the Trelew Member of the Sarmiento Formation (Chubut Province, Argentina). <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i> is included for the first time in a phylogenetic analysis centered in the interrelationships of hegetotheriids and defining clades according to the PhyloCode. <i>Tegehotherium burmeisteri</i> is recovered as a hegetotheriine closely related to <i>Sallatherium</i> and <i>Hegetotherium</i>; <i>Hegetotheriopsis sulcatus</i> is the earliest branch of the clade <i>Hegetotheriidae</i>, whereas <i>Prohegetotherium</i> and <i>Paedotherium</i> turn out to be paraphyletic, reinforcing results obtained in recent studies. The family <i>Hegetotheriidae</i> and both subfamilies, <i>Hegetotheriinae</i> and <i>Pachyrukhinae</i>, are recovered as monophyletic groups and defined phylogenetically, as well as two new clades: <i>Pachyrukhini</i> and <i>Hemihegetotheriomorpha</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28675931
title: dataset_131

description: Dataset with weighted attributes and dynamic assessment factor
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28675931.v1
title: dataset_131

description: Dataset with weighted attributes and dynamic assessment factor