DOI: 10.3886/icpsr36575.v1
title: The Community Vulnerability and Responses to Drug-User-Related HIV/AIDS, 1990-2013 [96 Metropolitan Statistical Areas, United States]
title: Version 1

description: The Community Vulnerability and Responses to Drug-User-Related HIV/AIDS, 1990-2013 [96 Metropolitan Statistical Areas, United States] study (CVAR) was a research study of why large United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) vary over time in their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS among drug users and in MSA responses to HIV/AIDS. This collection contains estimates of HIV prevalence among people who injected drugs (PWID) and among sub-populations of PWID. This collection is comprised of ten datasets with differing amounts of variables and provides trend data that describe the following:

Epidemiologic outcomes including population prevalence of PWIDs and Non-injecting drug users (NIDUs), and particularly their prevalence among youth; and, among PWIDs, HIV prevalence, late-diagnosis HIV cases, and AIDS incidence and mortality.; 
Implementation of evidence-based drug-related interventions including drug abuse treatment, syringe exchange, HIV counseling and testing.; 
Implementation of non-evidence-based drug-related interventions including incarceration and arrests of drug users.; 

The collection contains data on the MSA sub-populations including Black, Hispanic, White and "other" race categories. In addition, some statistics are presented in age range categories such as ages 15-29, 30-64 and 15-64.
description: This study was conducted to help understand the forces that shape metropolitan area HIV/AIDS epidemics and prevention programs and provide data to inform future policy making decision regarding HIV/AIDS.
The study data are intended to provide information on several relationships including:

How epidemiologic need and macro-social contexts such as economic changes, social integration, and residential segregation by race affect interventions.; 
How interventions and macro-social contexts together affect epidemiologic contexts.; 
How some interventions (e.g., arrests, incarceration) affect others (e.g., syringe exchange coverage).; 
How some epidemiologic outcomes (e.g., prevalence of young IDUs) affect others (e.g., HIV prevalence).;
description: Longitudinal trend data on 96 Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States were compiled from secondary sources to provide information on epidemiologic factors, evidence based interventions, and non-evidence based intervention that contribute to changes in community vulnerability to drug-user-related HIV/AIDS. The principal investigators used these data to create novel variables.
Some of the secondary data sources used include:

DS1: The United States Census 
; 
DS2, DS3 and DS5: The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration's (SAMHSA) Treatment Episode Data Sets (TEDS); 
DS4: The National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) Series; 
DS6: Used a combination of sources. See the data documentation for details.; 
DS7: The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service Administration's (SAMHSA) Treatment Episode Data Sets (TEDS) and The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) HIV counseling and testing services data series (CTS); 
DS8: The Federal Bureau of Investigation: Crime in the United States; 
DS10: The United States Department of Health and Human Services (US DHHS), The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS); 

For more information please see the following articles and the data documentation.
Tempalski, B., Pouget, E.R., Cleland, C.M., Brady, J.E., Cooper, H.L.F., Hall, H.I., Lansky, A., West, B.S., Friedman, S.R. Trends in the population prevalence of people who inject drugs in US Metropolitan Areas 1992-2007. PLoS ONE 2013. Vol. 8. No. 6. e64789.
Chatterjee, S., Tempalski, B., Pouget, E.R., Cooper, H.L.F., Cleland, C.M., Friedman, S.R. Changes in the Prevalence of Injection Drug Use Among Adolescents and Young Adults in Large U.S. Metropolitan Areas. AIDS and Behavior July 2011. Vol. 15, No.7, pp.1570-1578. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-011-9992-0
description: See the variable description by dataset below:

DS1: Contains demographic variables including total and percentage of the population by race and age categories over the period from 1990-2013.; 
DS2: Contains the annual number of treatment episodes where admission documentation indicate that any substance was injected intravenously or intramuscularly from 1992-2004. These data include admissions by client attribute. Further detail is provided on types of admissions.
; 
DS3: Contains the number and rates at of people who injected drugs (PWID) each year between 1993-2002.; 
DS4: Contains treatment coverage rates from 2000-2008 for alcohol and substance abuse.; 
DS5: Contains the number of injecting drug users (IDUs) and non-injecting drug users (NIDUs) by race over the period from 1992-2007.; 
DS6: Contains number of people with injecting drug use (PWID) by sub-population annually between 1992-2007.; 
DS7: Contains the injecting drug user rate among young people between 15-29 years old over the period between 1992-2002.; 
DS8: Contains data on drug related arrest rates, Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) counts, and the number of murders by year between 1991-2009.; 
DS9: Contains estimate of HIV prevalence rates among people who inject drugs each year from 1992-2002.; 
DS10: Contains poisoning and drug mortality rates by year between 1993-2007.;
description: None
description: ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of 
				disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major 
				statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to 
				these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection:
			   		Standardized missing values.; Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes..
description: Presence of Common Scales: 
					None
description: Response Rates: 
					Not Applicable
description: Datasets: 
					
						DS0: Study-Level Files
						DS1: CVAR MSA: County Population and Intercensal Estimates, 1990-2013
						DS2: CVAR MSA: Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), 1992-2004
						DS3: CVAR MSA: Drug Treatment Coverage, 1993-2002
						DS4: CVAR MSA: National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS), 2000; 2002-2008
						DS5: CVAR MSA: People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) - Entering Drug Treatment, 1992-2007
						DS6: CVAR MSA: People Who Inject Drugs (PWID), 1992-2007
						DS7: CVAR MSA: Prevalence of Injection Drug Use among Adolescents and Young Adults, 1992-2002
						DS8: CVAR MSA: Arrest Rates, 1991-2009
						DS9: CVAR MSA: HIV Prevalence Rates Among PWID, 1992-2002
						DS10: CVAR MSA: Poisoning and Drug-Related Deaths, 1992-2007
description: The MSA variable is present in all 10 datasets and represents the Metropolitan Statistical Area Federal Information Processing Standards (Fips) code. This variable can be used to link data between datasets. However, be advised that MSA is not a unique identifier within all datasets. Therefore, users should take care to transform the necessary variables before merging datasets.
										Some of the data used to contruct the datasets for this study are available through NAHDAP. See the following links for more information on the N-SSATS and TEDS studies: 

National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) Series; 
Treatment Episode Data Set -- Admissions (TEDS-A) -- Concatenated, 1992 to 2012 (ICPSR 25221); 
Treatment Episode Data Set -- Discharges (TEDS-D) -- Concatenated, 2006 to 2011 (ICPSR 30122);
description: Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States
				   		Smallest Geographic Unit: Metropolitan Statistical Area
description: For information on the Metropolitan Statistical Area sampling, see the following article.
Tempalski, B., Lieb, S., Cleland, C.M., Cooper, H., Brady, J.E., Friedman, S.R. HIV prevalence rates among injection drug users in 96 large US metropolitan areas,  (1992-2002). Journal of Urban Health 2009. Vol. 86, pp. 132-54.