DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sbcc2frkc
title: Data from: Seasonal patterns in B-vitamins and cobalamin co-limitation in the Northwest Atlantic

description: B-vitamins are important co-enzymes that have long been hypothesized to
 play key roles in marine ecosystems. However, environmental measurements
 remain scarce, which limits our understanding of their potential impact.
 Here, we present mass spectrometry-based measurements of B-vitamins (B1,
 B2, B3, B5, B6, B12) and related vitamers along a transect in the
 Northwest Atlantic Ocean, in both particulate phase and dissolved in
 seawater, seasonally over 5 years. We then couple these data with targeted
 investigations of the impact of B12 (cobalamin) on phytoplankton growth.
 We show that these metabolites are present at femto to pico-molar
 concentrations and demonstrate that season explains most variance in
 particulate phase B-vitamins but not dissolved, offering further evidence
 that metabolite inventories in these two phases are often decoupled. We
 find positive correlations between particulate organic carbon with
 particulate B1 and B3, and between chlorophyll a and particulate B2 and
 DMB in fall but not spring, indicating unique seasonal drivers of vitamin
 inventories. Of all measured vitamins, only cobalamin was enriched in the
 particulate over dissolved phase, predominantly in spring. We documented
 nitrogen and cobalamin co-limitation of phytoplankton growth during spring
 bloom decline, when dissolved cobalamin is seemingly drawn down, but not
 during fall, when dissolved cobalamin concentrations remain elevated.
 These seasonal differences may be underpinned by the increased importance
 of cobalamin remodeling and recycling during the fall.  This
 study provides insights into the absolute concentrations, stoichiometry,
 and variability of B-vitamins in the ocean and offers evidence that
 cobalamin exerts seasonally-varying controls on Northwest Atlantic marine
 ecosystems.
description: # **Seasonal patterns in B-vitamins and cobalamin co-limitation in the
 Northwest Atlantic** Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.sbcc2frkc](https://cac-word-edit.officeapps.live.com/we/10.5061/dryad.sbcc2frkc) **Seasonal patterns in B-vitamins and cobalamin co-limitation in the Northwest Atlantic**\ **Authors: C.** Bannon, P. L. White, E. Rowland, K. J. More, A. Gleason, M. Roberts, E. Devred, L. Beazley, J. LaRoche, E. Bertrand\ **Corresponding Author:** Dr. Erin Bertrand\ **Date of Data Collection:** 2016–2020\ **Location:** Northwest Atlantic Ocean ## **Description** This dataset supports the findings of the above study, which investigates the distributions and ecological roles of dissolved and particulate B-vitamins and other related biochemical parameters in coastal marine environments. Data were collected during research cruises and bottle incubation experiments on and off the continental shelf. ### **Files and variables** ### **File 1:** LO-24-0698_Manuscript_Data_PARTICULATE.csv **Content:** Measurements of particulate B-vitamin and organic nutrient concentrations collected as part of the Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program (AZMP). Missing values are represented as blank cells or NA. **Columns include:** * Sampling metadata: station (HL_01, HL_02, HL_03, HL_04, HL_05, HL_05.5, HL_06, HL_07, HL_08, HL_09, HL_10, HL_11, HL_12) latitude, longitude, year (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020), month, day, time (HHMM), season (fall or spring), location, (on-shelf, off-shelf - see publication), depth (m), depth group (surface, photic, deep - see publication) * Environmental and nutrient measurements: salinity, temperature (°C), chlorophyll a (mg/m^3^), nitrate (mmol/m^3^), nitrite (mmol/m^3^), ammonium (mmol/m^3^), phosphate (mmol/m^3^) * B-vitamin concentrations: B1 (pM), HET (pM), HMP (pM), B2 (pM), Niacinamide (pM), OH-B12 (pM), Ado-B12 (pM), Me-B12 (pM), CN-B12 (pM), DMB (pM) * Organic matter metrics: particulate organic carbon (µg/L), particulate organic nitrogen (µg/L)   ### **File 2: LO-24-0698_Manuscript_Data_DISSOLVED.csv** **Content:** Dissolved vitamin concentrations and chemical parameters from water samples at multiple depths and seasons. **Columns include:** * Metadata: location (off-shelf, on-shelf - see publication), year (2016, 2017, 2018, 2020), month, day, time (HHMM), depth (m), depth group (surface, photic, deep - see publication), station (HL_01, HL_02, HL_03, HL_03.3, HL_04, HL_05, HL_05.5, HL_06, HL_07, HL_08, HL_09, HL_10), season (fall, spring), latitude, longitude * Environmental and nutrient measurements: salinity, temperature (°C), chlorophyll a (mg/m^3^), nitrate (mmol/m^3^), nitrite (mmol/m^3^), ammonium (mmol/m^3^), phosphate (mmol/m^3^) * B-vitamin concentrations: HET (pM), HMP (pM), FAMP (pM), B2 (pM), Niacin (pM), B6 (pM), OH-B12 (pM), CN-B12 (pM), DMB (pM) ### **File 3: LO-24-0698_Manuscript_Data_BIA_SPRING.csv** **Content:** Results from spring incubation experiments testing nutrient and vitamin addition effects on microbial communities. **Columns include:** * Incubation metadata: Date (month, day, year), Day (0, 4), Treatment (t0 = time zero, control = no nutrients added, B12 = B12 spiked, NO3 = nitrogen spiked, NO3+B12 = nitrogen and B12 spiked), Replicate (A, B, C) * Microbial abundances: Non-photosynthetic bacteria (cells per mL), Total photosynthetic eukaryotes (cells per mL), *Synechococcus* (cells per mL), Photosynthetic eukaryotes &lt;3 µm (cells per mL), Photosynthetic eukaryotes &gt;3 µm to &lt;10 µm (cells per mL), Photosynthetic eukaryotes &gt;10 µm (cells per mL), Chl a (µg per L) ### **File 4: LO-24-0698_Manuscript_Data_BIA_FALL.csv** **Content:** Data from fall incubation experiments. **Columns include:** * Incubation metadata: Date (month, day, year), Day (5), Treatment (control = no nutrients added, B12 = B12 spiked, NO3 = nitrogen spiked, NO3+B12 = nitrogen and B12 spiked), Replicate (A, B, C, D) * Chlorophyll concentrations: Chl a (µg per L) ## **File Format** **File type:** .csv **Software required:** Microsoft Excel, LibreOffice Calc, or any spreadsheet program supporting .csv files. ## **Citation** If you use this dataset, we encourage you to cite the related article.