cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7806779
title: COD removal from sucrose solution using hydrodynamic cavitation and hydrogen peroxide: a comparison between Venturi device and orifice plate

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the current study is to compare the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of a Venturi device to that of an orifice plate. The inlet pressure in the devices was optimized and the degradation kinetics was analyzed. In addition, the synergistic effect resulting from the combination between cavitation and H2O2 was investigated. An experimental apparatus was built to achieve these goals. A sucrose solution and an effluent from a sucrose-based soft drink industry were treated. Results showed that the Venturi device recorded 90% COD removal efficiency after three treatment minutes. On the other hand, the orifice plate recorded 90% COD removal efficiency after 9 min. The degradation kinetics-reaction order was 3.5, except for the highest Venturi inlet pressure (7.3 bar), which led to coalescence of cavities and to reduced degradation rate. The synergistic coefficient (Sc) was 185.20 and showed that the hybrid process (HC + H2O2) was much more efficient than the cavitation process applied alone. The high COD concentration in the effluent generated by the soft drink industry (2,512.8 mg L-1) was significantly decreased by 72%. The combined use of cavitation and Venturi has significant potential to remove high organic matter concentrations in short treatment periods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7806785
title: Performance evaluation of flow duration curves regionalization methods

description: ABSTRACT The main objective of the study was the evaluation of Characteristic Values and Exponential Curve methods as alternatives for flow permanence curves regionalization. Additionally, the use of regional flow indicators for the appropriation of reference flows associated with flow permanence curves was evaluated. The study area covered the Itapemirim and Itabapoana rivers watersheds, the most important located in the southern portion of the Espírito Santo state (Brazil). The Characteristic Values method presented best results in the flow permanence curves regionalization work. It was also concluded that the regional indicators represent a simple and consistent alternative for study area reference flows estimation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677041.v1
title: Initial abstraction ratio and Curve Number estimation using rainfall and runoff data from a tropical watershed

description: ABSTRACT The Curve Number (CN) method is extensively used for predict surface runoff from storm events. However, remain some uncertainties in the method, such as in the use of an initial abstraction (λ) standard value of 0.2 and on the choice of the most suitable CN values. Here, we compute λ and CN values using rainfall and runoff data to a rural basin located in Midwestern Brazil. We used 30 observed rainfall-runoff events with rainfall depth greater than 25 mm to derive associated CN values using five statistical methods. We noted λ values ranging from 0.005 to 0.455, with a median of 0.045, suggesting the use of λ = 0.05 instead of 0.2. We found a S0.2 to S0.05 conversion factor of 2.865. We also found negative values of Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (to the estimated and observed runoff). Therefore, our findings indicated that the CN method was not suitable to estimate runoff in the studied basin. This poor performance suggests that the runoff mechanisms in the studied area are dominated by subsurface stormflow.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7515317
title: MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME (MCV) AND RED BLOOD CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) IN QUARTER HORSES USED FOR BARREL RACING

description: Abstract Twenty-two Quarter Horses, eight females and 14 males, 4.88±2.42 years old and weighting 430.0±31.4 kg, were evaluated before (T0), 5 minutes (T1), 30 minutes (T2), and 120 minutes (T3) after a barrel racing exercise to determine the influence of physical exercise on the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Variables were analyzed and comparisons were made using Tukey test, considering p&lt;0.05. Comparisons between males and females were done using t-test. Mean MCV values were 46.5 ± 2.0 fl for T0, 47.6 ± 2.2 fl for T1, 46.6 ± 1.8 fl for T2, and 46.7 ± 1.9 fl for T3 for males, and 46.3 ± 0.6 fl on T0, 47.7 ± 0.9 fl on T1, 46.7 ± 0.8 fl on T2, and 46.4 ± 0.8 fl on T2 for females. Mean RDW values were 28.8 ± 8.1% for T0, 30.8 ± 9.5% for T1, 28.2 ± 8.1% for T2, and 26.6 ± 8.0% for T3 for males, and 28.0 ± 7.3% for T0, 27.1 ± 8.1% for T1, 28.1 ± 8.1% for T2, and 28.6 ± 7.2% for T3 on females. A significant increase for MCV on both males and females was observed. No differences were observed between values recorded on males and females for MCV and RDW. It was possible to conclude the physical activity imposed on the present research leaded to a homogeneous macrocytosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7806779.v1
title: COD removal from sucrose solution using hydrodynamic cavitation and hydrogen peroxide: a comparison between Venturi device and orifice plate

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the current study is to compare the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of a Venturi device to that of an orifice plate. The inlet pressure in the devices was optimized and the degradation kinetics was analyzed. In addition, the synergistic effect resulting from the combination between cavitation and H2O2 was investigated. An experimental apparatus was built to achieve these goals. A sucrose solution and an effluent from a sucrose-based soft drink industry were treated. Results showed that the Venturi device recorded 90% COD removal efficiency after three treatment minutes. On the other hand, the orifice plate recorded 90% COD removal efficiency after 9 min. The degradation kinetics-reaction order was 3.5, except for the highest Venturi inlet pressure (7.3 bar), which led to coalescence of cavities and to reduced degradation rate. The synergistic coefficient (Sc) was 185.20 and showed that the hybrid process (HC + H2O2) was much more efficient than the cavitation process applied alone. The high COD concentration in the effluent generated by the soft drink industry (2,512.8 mg L-1) was significantly decreased by 72%. The combined use of cavitation and Venturi has significant potential to remove high organic matter concentrations in short treatment periods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7806785.v1
title: Performance evaluation of flow duration curves regionalization methods

description: ABSTRACT The main objective of the study was the evaluation of Characteristic Values and Exponential Curve methods as alternatives for flow permanence curves regionalization. Additionally, the use of regional flow indicators for the appropriation of reference flows associated with flow permanence curves was evaluated. The study area covered the Itapemirim and Itabapoana rivers watersheds, the most important located in the southern portion of the Espírito Santo state (Brazil). The Characteristic Values method presented best results in the flow permanence curves regionalization work. It was also concluded that the regional indicators represent a simple and consistent alternative for study area reference flows estimation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677038
title: Phosphorus and thermotolerant coliforms’ loads in Brazilian watersheds with limited data: considerations on the integrated analysis of water quality and quantity

description: ABSTRACT Integrated analyses of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of aquatic ecosystems play an important role in decision making, which is linked to water resources management and promotion of ecosystem services. However, the possible advantages of such integration are still hampered by basic aspects, such as high uncertainties due to the partial and non-synchronized monitoring of discharges and observed concentrations of water quality variables. The lack of data has been limiting the adequate representation of a more accurate hydrological regime, which is in turn possibly affected by the potential effects of land use and size of drainage areas. The aim of this research was to discuss the advantages of the integrated analysis of qualitative and quantitative data from water bodies. Under different specific discharge regimes (L.s -1.km-2), we assessed the total phosphorus (TP, t.day-1 .km-2) and thermotolerant coliforms’ (TC, CFU.day-1.km -2) specific loads in rivers with different drainage areas (27-26,500 km 2) and land uses. We compared such loads with the admissible specific loads for these variables, which were estimated based on long-term average discharges and water quality guidelines (i.e., Brazilian environmental standards). Based on data from 2001-2013, we sought to contribute to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of surface waters, focusing on the discussion of the results on critical thresholds of duration and critical loads and discharges. The results showed the existence of significant time intervals with conflicts between the specific admissible and observed loads. This non-compliance varied between 10 and 100% of the duration of the regime for TP, and between 25 and 100% for TC, with a more critical situation observed in rivers with smaller drainage areas. The critical loads ranged from 1 10-4 to 8 10-3 t.day-1.km-2 (TP) and 1 10-2 to 1 10-1 CFU.day-1.km-2 (TC). Although a relatively limited dataset was considered (total N=1,402), the significant variations in discharges and critical loads highlighted the need for considering how these dynamics would affect the traditional methodology for estimating ecological flows, whose current approach is almost exclusively quantitative.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508912.v1
title: The influences of the downsizing strategy on business structures

description: Abstract Purpose: This paper investigates the effectiveness of the downsizing strategy when applied to the Telefónica case. Design/methodology/approach: By using the Event Study method, we present the relationship between downsizing strategies and results. Statistical significance of results was analyzed using t-statistics analysis. Findings: Results are significant, proving that the downsizing strategy brought about greater profitability and better funding, leveraging company market values. Originality/value: Results indicate that downsizing is a strategy alternative that allows for better adaptation, if carried out proactively and associated to changes that are necessary within organizational structure and processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7515317.v1
title: MEAN CORPUSCULAR VOLUME (MCV) AND RED BLOOD CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) IN QUARTER HORSES USED FOR BARREL RACING

description: Abstract Twenty-two Quarter Horses, eight females and 14 males, 4.88±2.42 years old and weighting 430.0±31.4 kg, were evaluated before (T0), 5 minutes (T1), 30 minutes (T2), and 120 minutes (T3) after a barrel racing exercise to determine the influence of physical exercise on the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Variables were analyzed and comparisons were made using Tukey test, considering p&lt;0.05. Comparisons between males and females were done using t-test. Mean MCV values were 46.5 ± 2.0 fl for T0, 47.6 ± 2.2 fl for T1, 46.6 ± 1.8 fl for T2, and 46.7 ± 1.9 fl for T3 for males, and 46.3 ± 0.6 fl on T0, 47.7 ± 0.9 fl on T1, 46.7 ± 0.8 fl on T2, and 46.4 ± 0.8 fl on T2 for females. Mean RDW values were 28.8 ± 8.1% for T0, 30.8 ± 9.5% for T1, 28.2 ± 8.1% for T2, and 26.6 ± 8.0% for T3 for males, and 28.0 ± 7.3% for T0, 27.1 ± 8.1% for T1, 28.1 ± 8.1% for T2, and 28.6 ± 7.2% for T3 on females. A significant increase for MCV on both males and females was observed. No differences were observed between values recorded on males and females for MCV and RDW. It was possible to conclude the physical activity imposed on the present research leaded to a homogeneous macrocytosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677038.v1
title: Phosphorus and thermotolerant coliforms’ loads in Brazilian watersheds with limited data: considerations on the integrated analysis of water quality and quantity

description: ABSTRACT Integrated analyses of the qualitative and quantitative aspects of aquatic ecosystems play an important role in decision making, which is linked to water resources management and promotion of ecosystem services. However, the possible advantages of such integration are still hampered by basic aspects, such as high uncertainties due to the partial and non-synchronized monitoring of discharges and observed concentrations of water quality variables. The lack of data has been limiting the adequate representation of a more accurate hydrological regime, which is in turn possibly affected by the potential effects of land use and size of drainage areas. The aim of this research was to discuss the advantages of the integrated analysis of qualitative and quantitative data from water bodies. Under different specific discharge regimes (L.s -1.km-2), we assessed the total phosphorus (TP, t.day-1 .km-2) and thermotolerant coliforms’ (TC, CFU.day-1.km -2) specific loads in rivers with different drainage areas (27-26,500 km 2) and land uses. We compared such loads with the admissible specific loads for these variables, which were estimated based on long-term average discharges and water quality guidelines (i.e., Brazilian environmental standards). Based on data from 2001-2013, we sought to contribute to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of surface waters, focusing on the discussion of the results on critical thresholds of duration and critical loads and discharges. The results showed the existence of significant time intervals with conflicts between the specific admissible and observed loads. This non-compliance varied between 10 and 100% of the duration of the regime for TP, and between 25 and 100% for TC, with a more critical situation observed in rivers with smaller drainage areas. The critical loads ranged from 1 10-4 to 8 10-3 t.day-1.km-2 (TP) and 1 10-2 to 1 10-1 CFU.day-1.km-2 (TC). Although a relatively limited dataset was considered (total N=1,402), the significant variations in discharges and critical loads highlighted the need for considering how these dynamics would affect the traditional methodology for estimating ecological flows, whose current approach is almost exclusively quantitative.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508912
title: The influences of the downsizing strategy on business structures

description: Abstract Purpose: This paper investigates the effectiveness of the downsizing strategy when applied to the Telefónica case. Design/methodology/approach: By using the Event Study method, we present the relationship between downsizing strategies and results. Statistical significance of results was analyzed using t-statistics analysis. Findings: Results are significant, proving that the downsizing strategy brought about greater profitability and better funding, leveraging company market values. Originality/value: Results indicate that downsizing is a strategy alternative that allows for better adaptation, if carried out proactively and associated to changes that are necessary within organizational structure and processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677047
title: Mass balances of major solutes, nutrients and particulate matter as water moves through the floodplains of the Pantanal (Paraguay River, Brazil)

description: ABSTRACT In the upper Paraguay River basin, which includes the Pantanal, one of the largest wetlands in the world, rivers connection the surrounding upland plateaus with lowland floodplains. Agriculture, erosion, urban effluent, and hydropower in the uplands can alter the transport of materials by rivers to the Pantanal. Information about material transport, particularly nutrients, is still insufficient to evaluate changes. In this study we estimated rates of dissolved and suspended material transport from the upland watersheds into the Pantanal, and through the Paraguay River, and calculated mass balances of these flows to reveal net losses and gains inside the Pantanal. We sampled fifteen tributaries and the Paraguay River for seven years. The annual water balance in the basin was almost complete, with a deficit of only 11%. Predicted:Observed ratios close to one indicated a near balance between inputs and outputs for dissolved solutes and nutrients, however sedimentation losses of suspended solids and particulate carbon were significant. In spite of a high degree of river-floodplain contact, no significant changes on solutes concentrations were observed between inputs and outputs, enough to alter the transport of solutes though the Pantanal, indicating equilibrium in biogeochemical process on floodplain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677047.v1
title: Mass balances of major solutes, nutrients and particulate matter as water moves through the floodplains of the Pantanal (Paraguay River, Brazil)

description: ABSTRACT In the upper Paraguay River basin, which includes the Pantanal, one of the largest wetlands in the world, rivers connection the surrounding upland plateaus with lowland floodplains. Agriculture, erosion, urban effluent, and hydropower in the uplands can alter the transport of materials by rivers to the Pantanal. Information about material transport, particularly nutrients, is still insufficient to evaluate changes. In this study we estimated rates of dissolved and suspended material transport from the upland watersheds into the Pantanal, and through the Paraguay River, and calculated mass balances of these flows to reveal net losses and gains inside the Pantanal. We sampled fifteen tributaries and the Paraguay River for seven years. The annual water balance in the basin was almost complete, with a deficit of only 11%. Predicted:Observed ratios close to one indicated a near balance between inputs and outputs for dissolved solutes and nutrients, however sedimentation losses of suspended solids and particulate carbon were significant. In spite of a high degree of river-floodplain contact, no significant changes on solutes concentrations were observed between inputs and outputs, enough to alter the transport of solutes though the Pantanal, indicating equilibrium in biogeochemical process on floodplain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7743332
title: Experimentation and modeling of soil evaporation in underground dam in a semiarid region

description: ABSTRACT In semi-arid regions, there is a high evaporation, which leads to soil dryness, interfering in the availability of water in the soil. Usually it is difficult to measure and model the evaporation due to the complexity of the available methods, the low soil water content and the low concentration of water vapor in the air. This can also make it difficult to monitor and simulate the evapotranspiration in these regions. Thus, the Portable Chamber method is used to directly measure evaporation and evapotranspiration, because this technique allows real time estimation and in short time intervals, giving a more detailed estimation of those processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the evaporation through the mass transfer in the soil in an underground dam under different water table depths and conditions of the semi-arid environment of Pernambuco State in Brazil, through the values predicted by the SiSPAT model and measured by the portable chamber method. For the purposing of modeling and also to better know the soil behavior, soil hydraulic properties were determined though the Beerkan method. The portable chamber method was applied for one of the first times in a semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, and it was consistent with the potential evaporation of bare soil, reaching about 1,800 mm per year. The SiSPAT model was quite satisfactory for simulation of soil evaporation in different conditions of the water table depth. The values found for soil evaporation with the simulation of the SiSPAT and the Portable Chamber (PC) method differed in 1.43% and 4.44% for cases where the water table was at 0.20 and 1.20m of depth, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7743338
title: Estimating design hydrographs at the basin scale: from event-based to continuous hydrological simulation

description: ABSTRACT Design hydrographs are widely used in practical hydrologic engineering problems. Typical applications adopt event-based (EBM) methods, using rainfall-runoff models to convert design hyetographs into design hydrographs. Uncertainties include the definition of antecedent conditions and the assumption of equivalence between hyetograph and hydrograph return periods. An alternative is to use continuous simulation (CSM) methods, by forcing a rainfall-runoff model with long precipitation series, and directly analyzing the output discharges. To better understand uncertainties in the EBM method and differences between CSM and EBM ones, we applied a hydrological model in the Itajaí-Açu river basin to compare a CSM method with 730 different simulations of an EBM one, considering different basin antecedent conditions and design hyetographs (10- and 50-years). Results indicated that the EBM method leads to a large range of design discharges depending on the antecedent condition. CS-based 10- and 50-years maximum discharges corresponded to percentiles between 30% and 50% of the EBM estimates. Higher discharge variation occurred in sub-basins with larger maximum soil water storage. Our conclusions agree with the literature, which points towards CSM-based methods to estimate design discharges.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7743332.v1
title: Experimentation and modeling of soil evaporation in underground dam in a semiarid region

description: ABSTRACT In semi-arid regions, there is a high evaporation, which leads to soil dryness, interfering in the availability of water in the soil. Usually it is difficult to measure and model the evaporation due to the complexity of the available methods, the low soil water content and the low concentration of water vapor in the air. This can also make it difficult to monitor and simulate the evapotranspiration in these regions. Thus, the Portable Chamber method is used to directly measure evaporation and evapotranspiration, because this technique allows real time estimation and in short time intervals, giving a more detailed estimation of those processes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the evaporation through the mass transfer in the soil in an underground dam under different water table depths and conditions of the semi-arid environment of Pernambuco State in Brazil, through the values predicted by the SiSPAT model and measured by the portable chamber method. For the purposing of modeling and also to better know the soil behavior, soil hydraulic properties were determined though the Beerkan method. The portable chamber method was applied for one of the first times in a semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, and it was consistent with the potential evaporation of bare soil, reaching about 1,800 mm per year. The SiSPAT model was quite satisfactory for simulation of soil evaporation in different conditions of the water table depth. The values found for soil evaporation with the simulation of the SiSPAT and the Portable Chamber (PC) method differed in 1.43% and 4.44% for cases where the water table was at 0.20 and 1.20m of depth, respectively.