cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14927568
title: Dynamics of island mass effect: detection input & output data

description: "dynamic_IMEdetection.zip" contains a dynamic island mass effect detection software package.

To run:



Unzip "dynamic_IMEdetection.zip"

Download input data

change path, region to process, and options in "main_dynamicIME_detection.m" to work with the location of the unzipped "dynamic_IME_input_output_data" directory.

Run "main_dynamicIME_detection.m"


"dynamic_IME_input_output_data.zip" contains the input data and ouput IME and BO masks of the "dynamic_IMEdetection" software for four case studies:



I04 = Rapa Nui

I07 = Society Islands

I09 = Samoa

I18 = Fiji-Tonga


Input data are custom multi-satellite products computed using the custom-made satellite binning software found here: 10.5281/zenodo.13376824.

Output IME and BO masks are computed using the dynamic IME detection software (i.e. "dynamic_IMEdetection") which works with the original naming (i.e. "I04", "I07", "I09", and "I18") and subdirectory path of of the share data "dynamic_IME_input_output_data".

Output IME/BO mask, chlorophyll concentration, and modelled surface current timeseries in *.gif format:



RapaNui_8Dbin_20160520-0712_20161205-2230_map-time-series.gif = Rapa Nui between 2016/05/20 and 2016/12/05

SocietyIsl_8Dbin_20160622-1012_20170209-0945_map-time-series.gif = Society Islands between 2016/06/22 and 2017/02/09

Samoa_8Dbin_20160810-1115_20170226-1030_map-time-series.gif = Samoa between 2016/08/10 and 2017/02/26

FijiTonga_8Dbin_20170218-1240_20170906-1205_map-time-series.gif = Fiji - Tonga between 2017/02/18 and 2017/09/06
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ervyve
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Enteromius castrasibutum)",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen, Literature Occurrence, Human Observation, Observation)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1991",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017169-250914085247600/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.peq88s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 32 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Choaspes benjaminii",
 "Country is China",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 32 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017170-250914085247600/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5vjefg
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 23 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Phedimus spurius",
 "Country is Lithuania",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 23 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017171-250914085247600/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rt56rt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3013 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Phedimus spurius",
 "Country is Netherlands",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3013 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017172-250914085247600/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mvejqc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4954 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Phedimus spurius",
 "Country is Norway",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4954 records from 49 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017173-250914085247600/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.21979/n9/naqayc
title: Replication Data for: Observation of disorder-induced boundary localization

description: This repository contains the data and code used for the analyses presented in the manuscript: "Observation of disorder-induced boundary localization", submitted to the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qpshbd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 10184482 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Plantae",
 "Year is 2018"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 10184482 records from 1589 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017053-250914085247600/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.34hmps
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4950 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Aconitum napellus subsp. vulgare Rouy & Foucaud)",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4950 records from 107 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003733-240202131308920/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k7jmgc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 535 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Pontoporiidae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 535 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0245688-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vfpyhv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 3 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Cryptostegia madagascariensis Bojer",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 3 records were derived from 32 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0023611-190621201848488/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ap4z8f
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 574 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
 },
 "TaxonKey is Chrysococcyx meyeri Salvadori, 1874"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 574 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002960-240321170329656/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.n589b4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4404 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Mauritia flexuosa L.f."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4404 records from 127 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0008428-210819072339941/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4jhrbc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1779 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Dermanura watsoni (Thomas, 1901)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1779 records from 43 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0013857-190621201848488/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dky6fj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 615 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "or" : [
 "TaxonKey is Asplenium feei Kunze ex Fée",
 "TaxonKey is Asplenium incisuratum Fée",
 "TaxonKey is Asplenium sanguinolentum Fée",
 "TaxonKey is Asplenium stenocarpon Fée"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 615 records from 70 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0229578-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.s8sfkt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2597 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2597 records from 89 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0082196-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wqu6c4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1117 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Xanthium albinum (Widder) H.Scholz & Sukopp",
 "HasCoordinate is TRUE"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1117 records from 22 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0013873-190621201848488/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.svksh9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 16770 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Schinus molle L.",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 16770 records from 259 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0082199-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7288ux
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 686 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelm."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 686 records from 53 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014947-210819072339941/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fspwlw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 19895 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Year 1992-2019",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-2.54004 36.32929,0.06152 37.89913,-0.42078 39.24976,-0.8075 39.74194,-2.94324 40.42749,-5.81726 39.72437,-6.40723 36.55554,-5.77332 36.04175,-2.54004 36.32929))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Ardea cinerea Linnaeus, 1758",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 19895 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0023617-190621201848488/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k8wets
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 495600 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is New Zealand fish and squid distributions from research bottom trawls 1964-2008"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 495600 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0082212-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.c69f9t
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 15790 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Tangara florida (P.L.Sclater & Salvin, 1869)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 15790 records from 41 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0409293-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t2buo2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1171126 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Aegithalos caudatus (Linnaeus, 1758)",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1171126 records from 644 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0013874-190621201848488/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3x9syw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 14 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Telmatobius gigas Vellard, 1969"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 14 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0220067-200613084148143/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.srex4p
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 96 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Onosma graeca Boiss.",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 96 records from 13 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001320-240202131308920/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dqkiof
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 10870 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Xanthium orientale L.",
 "HasCoordinate is TRUE"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 10870 records from 174 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0013880-190621201848488/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2erpwn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3966096 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "PublishingCountry is Costa Rica"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3966096 records from 14 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0059539-160910150852091/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g8ucv2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 160 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
 },
 "TaxonKey is Cacosternum namaquense Werner, 1910"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 160 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0038407-240229165702484/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qp4pa9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 204 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Centaurea stricta Waldst. & Kit."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 204 records from 34 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001424-240314170635999/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mbt8ce
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 40 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Dioscorea loheri Prain & Burkill"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 40 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021893-240314170635999/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hp2mcn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Dinoflagellates, pollen and spore abundance of Hole 29-282"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011799-160910150852091/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.susxbu
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 6 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
 },
 "TaxonKey is Oligosoma elium Melzer, Bell & Patterson, 2017"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 6 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001443-240314170635999/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.n4cza5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 380 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Dioscorea maciba Jum. & H.Perrier"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 380 records from 17 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021896-240314170635999/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bxxw8a
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1063 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Spain",
 {
 "or" : [
 "TaxonKey is Alchemilla paupercula S.E.Fröhner",
 "TaxonKey is Alchemilla pentaphyllea L.",
 "TaxonKey is Alchemilla santanderiensis S.E.Fröhner",
 "TaxonKey is Alchemilla serratisaxatilis S.E.Fröhner",
 "TaxonKey is Alchemilla sierrae Romo",
 "TaxonKey is Alchemilla subalpina S.E.Fröhner",
 "TaxonKey is Allium carinatum L.",
 "TaxonKey is Allium pardoi Loscos",
 "TaxonKey is Allium pruinatum Link ex Spreng.",
 "TaxonKey is Allium rouyi Gaut.",
 "TaxonKey is Allium subhirsutum subsp. obtusitepalum (Svent.) G.Kunkel",
 "TaxonKey is Alyssum loiseleurii subsp. gallaecicum S.Ortiz",
 "TaxonKey is Alyssum loiseleurii subsp. loiseleurii",
 "TaxonKey is Ammodaucus leucotrichus subsp. nanocarpus E.Beltrán",
 "TaxonKey is Anacyclus ×alboranensis Esteve & Varo",
 "TaxonKey is Anagyris latifolia Brouss. ex Willd.",
 "TaxonKey is Anarrhinum fruticosum Hochst. ex Engl.",
 "TaxonKey is Androcymbium gramineum subsp. psammophilum (Svent.) G.Kunkel",
 "TaxonKey is Androcymbium hierrense A.Santos",
 "TaxonKey is Androcymbium hierrense subsp. macrospermum U.Reifenb.",
 "TaxonKey is Androsace cantabrica (Losa & P.Monts.) Kress",
 "TaxonKey is Androsace cylindrica subsp. willkommii P.Monts.",
 "TaxonKey is Androsace halleri Honck.",
 "TaxonKey is Androsace helvetica (L.) All.",
 "TaxonKey is Androsace rioxana Segura Zubizarreta"
 ]
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1063 records from 50 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011777-160311141623029/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.v855n2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
 },
 "TaxonKey is Xenelaphis ellipsifer Boulenger, 1900"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001428-240314170635999/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t8ez3e
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 101 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Dioscorea luzonensis Schauer"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 101 records from 18 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021895-240314170635999/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.uyy7by
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Epidendrum torraense Hágsater & Silverst."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011778-151016162008034/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.u3paxd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Cistus asper Demoly & R.Mesa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001435-240314170635999/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.r8eqed
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-119.95827 34.11025,-119.90355 33.86246,-119.46269 33.90892,-119.52567 34.14122,-119.95827 34.11025))",
 "TaxonKey is Silene multinervia S.Watson"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020574-240216155721649/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.h9y3z4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 275 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediment samples of METEOR cruises M20/2, M23/1, M34/1, M34/2, M34/3 and M34/4"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 275 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011778-160910150852091/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.