cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/zmyzwp/ibd65q
title: 150333-Article Text-395092-1-10-20170123.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/zmyzwp
title: Lead Farmers Approach in Disseminating Improved Tef Production Technologies

description: The study was designed to assess the performance of an improved and recently released tef variety called Kora. Districts selected for the study were Ada, Minjar-Shenkora and Moretna-Jirru. Primary data were collected using a set of validated interview schedule and testing the tef variety on field plots of ten lead farmers who were randomly selected from forty-five lead farmers. Data analysis was carried out using frequency counts, minimum, maximum, mean, standard deviation and analysis of variance. The results of the analysis showed that eight of the lead farmers were very satisfied with the new variety. High grain yield was obtained at the 10 on-farm sites due to the introduction of new variety. While the grain yields ranged from 0.7 and 2.9 tons/ha, the mean yield was 2.2 tons/ha. On average, the total variable costs and total revenues of farms per/ha were Birr 18135.90 and Birr 43414.00, respectively. The cost structure analysis revealed that the two highest production costs were labor (56%) and fertilizer (23%). Hence, labor appears to be the most important limiting factor of production in small-scale tef farming.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/zkwjyb/w5gcrx
title: 150327-Article Text-395080-1-10-20170123.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/zkwjyb
title: Challenges Associated with Crop Breeding for Adaptation to Drought-Prone Environments

description: Crop production is the main source of food, and drought is among the most important crop production constraints in the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. The use of improved cultivars can at least partly ameliorate the calamities of drought stress, and considerable investments and efforts have been made worldwide to develop drought tolerant crop cultivars. A number of improved cultivars of different crops have also been released for production in different countries. As related to the situation under normal environments, it is yet hardly possible to say that these investments and efforts have modernized the production under drought-prone environments as a whole and boosted the actual productivity as desired. Therefore, the limitations and strategic implications of past experiences made to develop drought tolerant crop cultivars needs to be synthesized in order to formulate better strategies and approaches. In this review article, the scope and impacts of drought, approaches to breeding for drought tolerance and the associated challenges and ways out of the challenges have been discussed. We believe that this review will enhance the efforts underway to meaningfully adopt plant breeding for improving crop production in the face of the changing climate.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/nc4ccm/gez4ix
title: 142807-Article Text-379565-1-10-20160824.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/nc4ccm
title: Managing Dry Spell Risks to Improve Rainfed Maize Productivity in the Semi-Arid Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

description: The existing evidences support that some eighty percent of the world’s agricultural land is rainfed, contributing to the tune of sixty percent to food production worldwide. This empirical research was conducted on-station during June to September main growing season over two years (2000 and 2001) to substantiate that, managing dry spell risks through development of compatible technologies can improve rainfed maize productivity in the semi-arid zones of Ethiopia. Firstly, two soil water conserving tillage practices i.e a metal handled-Erf and Mofer attached MB plough and Tie Ridger (TR) both of which are simple tillage tools were used. Secondly, varying plant population level was linked to the inseason dry spell length for 5, 7, 10, 15, 20 and more, as well as to the crop water requirement and plot soil water content at land preparation stage. The result revealed that the shorter dry spells have higher probability of occurrence, compared to the longer dry spells in general. On the other hand, the probability of dry spells is higher during the early parts of the growing season, with a declining trend until the peak of the rainy season and slopping up towards the end of the rainy season. The result on water requirement information under Melkassa climate shows that a total of 315 mm of soil water is required for maize throughout June/July to September growing period. MB plowing realized significantly highest grain yield at 5% alpha level (1849 Kg.ha-1) at the recommended plant population (53,333 plants ha-1), whereas, TR resulting in nearly similar yield for the same population. Although the study area is known for water scarcity and hence lower plant population is preferred, it was possible to achieve high yield at this population level. This could be because, the crop water requirement was met at physiological maturity stage in both seasons and at flowering in one (2000) of the two seasons. The water requirement for vegetation was met in both seasons; however, it was followed by lower WRSI at least in one of the seasons, which could have caused a reduction in yield at this plant population level. Further, 70% of the variability in maize grain yield was explained by the root zone available soil water at planting. For instance, grain yield was 1480 kg ha-1 at 119 mm of available soil water at planting; while the same was 1845 kg ha-1 at 136.5 mm of soil water. Overall, the paper provided empirical evidence that management of dry spell risks is possible, but it demands for the innovative management practices that outsmart the business as usual (BAU) approach i.e. the miraculous drought tolerant or drought escape crop cultivar development strategy.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/ksz2dq/ycs93q
title: 142805-Article Text-379561-1-10-20160824.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/ksz2dq
title: Determinants of Haricot Bean Market Participation in Misrak Badawacho District, Hadiya zone, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, Ethiopia

description: This study aimed at analyzing commodity level determinants of output side market participation of haricot bean based on cross sectional primary data collected from 123 randomly selected haricot bean producers sample households in six kebeles in Misrak Badawacho District, Hadiya Zone, Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Regional State, Ethiopia. The descriptive result indicates about 68 % of haricot bean farmers participated in haricot bean market and on average 5.78 quintal of haricot bean was supplied to the market. The results of the Heckman two stage model indicate that number of oxen owned, access to communication facilities, use of credit, membership in cooperative, household size and distance to all weather road have significant influence on the probability of market participation decision. Whereas, number of equine owned, distance to the nearest market, cultivated land size, perception on lagged market price, use of credit, rent in and shared in farmland, livestock ownership, and inverse mills ratio were found to significantly affect the level of market participation. This implies the need to improve access to communication facilitiesto strengthen market information delivery systems; strengthening institutional arrangement like cooperatives through which farmers can take the advantage of bargaining power in input and output market; to institute productivity improving measures to increase the productivity of haricot bean; and strengthening the rural microfinance system to address the credit needs of farmers so as to enhance the benefit of smallholder farmers from market participation.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/l0uugt/ekfxju
title: 142804-Article Text-379559-1-10-20160824.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/l0uugt
title: Diversity of Castor (Ricinus communis L.) in Ethiopia

description: An experiment was carried out to assess the diversity of castor germplasm in Ethiopia. A total of 102 accessions, one elite genotype and two standard varieties were characterized at Melkassa and Arsi Negelle, in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia using 12 traits for one during 2013 main season. Analysis of variance, principal component and cluster analysis was performed for the combined data. The result showed that there is tremendous phenotypic variability for agronomic and morphological traits of castor among the tested accessions. For some traits such as 100 seed weight, wider variation was observed compared to the entire USDA germplasm collection. In this study the accessions were clustered in two five classes with cluster V having only one accession. Principal component analysis indicated that PC1 contributed 79% of the variation and capsules per plant and seeds per plant constituting the most to variation among accessions. In this study, number of capsules and seeds per plant were the two most important yield component traits to be considered in the future breeding program.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/wpkrci/ttaswm
title: 142806-Article Text-379563-1-10-20160824.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/wpkrci
title: Potato Bacterial Wilt Management in the Central Highlands of Ethiopia

description: In Ethiopia, bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearumis the major threat to potato production. Farmers are not aware of the causes of potato diseases and they believe that all types of diseases are caused by rain and mist. Research has been carried out in four districts namely Shashemene, Tulubolo, Welmera and Welisso f rom 2011 to 2012 main crop seasons however; the research was extended to 2014 in Shashemene district. The purposes of the research was to change the perception of farmers and address the causes, sources and management options of the disease and assist farmers to develop healthy potato farms; Farmers field school(FFS) extension approach supported by sessions harmonized with crop phenology was used to assess the effect of one season rotation (Potato - Beans - Potato; Potato - Cabbage - Potato; Potato - Carrot - Potato and Potato - Potato - Potato)and two seasons rotations (Potato - Beans - Carrot - Potato; Potato - Beans - Cabbage -Potato; Potato - Beans - Beans - Potato; Potato - Carrot - Carrot - Potato; Potato - Cabbage - Carrot -Potato; Potato - Cabbage - Cabbage - Potato and Potato - potato - potato - potato) with none host crop species on the development of the disease. At the inception of the project, all members of the group were introduced to potato diseases and their causal agents through farmers field school extension approach. After subsequent sessions, experimentation, and demonstration at field level, more than 65 % of the farmers in the group were able to identify symptoms, causative agents and means of dissemination and possible management measures of potato wilt, late blight and viruses. The result showed that, the extension approach was found to be effective in stimulating farmer’s perception by considering their goals in the targeting and design of innovations. One season rotation of potato with beans cabbage and carrot significantly (P&lt;0.05) reduced the incidence of the disease by 22.1, 15.4 and 27.3% respectively as compared to the mono crop potato which had 45.2 % incidence. The correlation between mean tuber yield over disease incidence in one season and two seasons rotation shad negative and significant Y= - 0.2588x + 29.767(R2= 0.7946) and Y= -0.177x + 28.019 (R² = 0.4597) respectively. Potato - Cabbage-Cabbage-Potato and Potato - Cabbage-Carrot-Potato had significantly (p&lt;0.05) lowest disease incidence compared to Potato – Beans– Beans- Potato, Potato - Carrot- Carrot- Potato, Potato - Carrot– Beans- Potato and Potato - Cabbage– Beans- Potato rotation however, all treatments significantly (P&lt;0.05) reduced the incidence of the disease and increased marketable tuber yield compared to the mono crop potato. The result of these researches suggested that FFS through session supported extension approach was found to be effective to generate and disseminate bacterial wilt management technologies. One and two season rotation with beans and cabbage reduced wilt incidence, latent infection in tubers and increased tuber yield under Shashemene condition.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/vwxxv1/r12hwb
title: 142803-Article Text-379557-1-10-20160824.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/vwxxv1
title: The Effect of Iron Fertilization on Nodulation, Yield and Yield Traits of Soybean Genotypes with Different Maturity Groups as Affected by Brady Rhizobium Inoculations

description: Iron (Fe) deficiency is the major constraint for soybean cultivation in calcareous soils. Its availability affects symbiotic association of the host plant and the endosymbiont and eventually the yield of soybean. However, the effectiveness of integrated application of Bradyrhizobium and Fe fertilizer on nodulation and yield of soybean genotypes with different maturity group has not been studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bradyrhizobium inoculated soybean genotypes with different maturity group on FeSO4 and Fe-EDTA nutrient requirement supplied through the foliage and applied directly to the soil. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse and field conditions. Six soybean genotypes, three late maturing (Wogayen, TGx-1336424 and Belsa) and the remaining three medium maturing (GIZA, Afgat and Gishame) were used for greenhouse experiment. Based on the greenhouse result, only two promising genotypes, namely GIZA and TGx-1336424, were selected for further investigation under field experiment. Eight treatments which synthesized by combining three Bradyrhizobium inoculations, with and without Fe fertilizer (0 and 4 mg kg-1 soil), including N-treated (20 kg N ha-1) and the control, were tested in pot experiment arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). Four levels of inoculation factorially combined with three levels of Fe-EDTA application were used for field experiment. These treatments were laid out in a spilt plot in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results of the present study indicate significant improvement of most investigated traits of tested medium maturing genotypes, but not for late maturing soybean genotypes under greenhouse conditions. A significant increase of nodule number (NN) and nodule dry weight (NDW) with increasing rates of Fe for selected genotypes were observed in field experiment. Application of Fe, however, showed differential effect on both genotypes on other investigated traits. All investigated traits, except NN, NDW and shoot dry matter (SDW) did not improve significantly by Fe application for TGx-1336424 genotype. In contrast, significant improvement of number of pods per plant (NPP), total biomass yield (TBY), grain yield (GY) and plant total nitrogen concentration (PTC) with increasing rates of Fe were observed for GIZA genotype. The regression analysis indicates different degree of dependence of TBY, NDW, NN and GY of both genotypes with increasing rates of Fe application with different Bradyrhizobium sp. inoculation treatments. Hence, it can be concluded that the effect of Fe application is dependent on maturity groups of soybean genotypes and effectiveness of inoculated Bradyrhizobium sp.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/pvd1n7/qcuj7g
title: 142801-Article Text-379553-1-10-20160824.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/pvd1n7
title: Time of Haricot Bean Intercropping into the Maize- Based Cropping Systems under Conservation Tillage in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia

description: Field experiments were conducted at Welenchity experimental field site, Melkassa Agricultural Research Center from June to October during the years 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons. The aim of the study was to determine optimum time of intercropping haricot bean into the maize based cropping system under conservation tillage practices, Tied-ridge and Zero-tillage. The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, with tillage practices a) Tied-ridge and b) Zero-tillage as main plot and time of intercropping haricot bean 1) Planting haricot bean simultaneously with maize, 2) Planting haricot bean 15 days after maize was planted and 3) planting haricot bean 30 days after maize was planted as sub-plots. Intercropping was assessed on the basis of the performance of the main and component crops indices as grain yield, biomass weight, partial and total LER and competitive indices such as relative crowding coefficient (K), aggressivity (A), competitive ratio (CR) and system productivity index (SPI).There was no interaction between tillage practices and time of intercropping haricot bean in any of the indices studied. Main effects of tillage practices had no significant effects on all the indices considered during both 2010 and 2011 growing seasons, but grain yield, biomass weight, partial and total LER tended to be higher in the tied-ridge treatment during 2010 and vis-versa during 2011seasons. The results obtained showed that the greatest intercrop yields of maize and haricot bean were obtained when both crops were planted at the same time. In both years, highest total land equivalent ratio (LERt) values were obtained when planting of maize and haricot bean was done at the same time followed by planting of haricot bean 15 days after maize was planted indicating the advantages of intercropping over the sole planting. Partial LERm was always higher than LERb during 2010 season and vis-versa during 2011 season. The results of competitive indices indicate that maize was the dominant crop in the mixture as measured by the positive values of A, and the high values of Km than Kb in the mixture. On the other hand, CR values of haricot bean were higher than maize in the mixture suggesting haricot bean was more competitive than maize in the intercropping system. Moreover, the data of SPI indicated that intercropping haricot bean at the same time with maize had higher SPI during both 2010 and 2011 season. In conclusion, intercropping of haricot bean simultaneously with maize exhibited an overall advantage over the other time of intercropping and sole cropping in terms of grain yield, partial LERm, LERb and LERt and competitive ratio indices and could therefore be recommended for Central rift valley areas of Ethiopia where maize and haricot bean are major crops.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/k4umg0/k5ohys
title: 142802-Article Text-379555-1-10-20160824.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/k4umg0
title: Evaluation of Response to Super-Ovulation, Estrous Synchronization and Embryo Transfer in Local Zebu or Crossbred Dairy Cattle

description: An experiment was conducted at Holetta and Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Centers dairy herd in 2011 to evaluate the number of embryos collected per super-ovulated donor cow, estrus rate (ER) and pregnancy rate (PR) of recipient cows/heifers after embryo transfer. For super-ovulation treatment a total of 19 Holstein Friesian (HF) x Boran crossbred cows were selected as embryo donors and treated with super-ovulation hormones. For embryo recipient about 113 females of pure Boran and Holstein Friesian x Boran crossbred cows and heifers synchronized with estrous synchronization hormones. Out of 52 cows and heifers in estrous after estrous synchronization 34 of them used as embryo recipient out of which 23 females received fresh embryos and 11 frozen embryos. All data were analyzed using frequency distribution and Chi-square test. Results from superovulation response indicated that out of 19 cows super-ovulated 15 (79%) cows responded to super-ovulation treatment. A total of 31 embryos collected out of which 23 embryos (77%) were transferable and the rest were not suitable for transfer. Mean number of embryo collected per donor was 2.07. Results from recipient estrous synchronization indicated that the overall recipient ER to estrous synchronization was 46% and significantly (P &lt; 0.05) influenced by body condition score (BCS) while the effect of synchronization protocols, parity and breed were not significant. The overall recipient PR to embryo transfer was 20% and significantly influenced by BCS (P &lt; 0.05). It can be concluded that the number of embryo obtained per super-ovulated donor in present study is low. Moreover recipient PR to embryo transfer was also very low. The poor PR of recipient females to embryo transfer could be attributed to high early embryonic mortality. Further research is required to investigate the possible cause of low number of embryo per donor cows and the poor PR of recipient females to embryo transfer.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5589288
title: 29 Atrial Models created with a Patient-specific Augmented Atrial model Generation Tool (AugmentA)

description: This dataset is part of the publication "AugmentA: Patient-specific Augmented Atrial model Generation Tool" (L. Azzolin et al., Preprint: doi:10.1101/2022.02.13.22270835). It consists of 29 statistical shape model instances derived using a non-rigid fitting algorithm to 29 magnetic resonance imaging segmentations from the University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen. Our Patient-specific Augmented Atrial model Generation Tool (AugmentA) provided bilayer atrial models resampled with an average edge length of 0.4 mm and augmented with anatomical labels and fiber orientation so that they are ready to use for electrophysiological simulations.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7487212
title: Velia, Acropoli, Unità domestica A.I. Storytelling, backend scientifico, ricostruzioni

description: L'unità domestica A.I si colloca in un settore dell'abitato tardo arcaico di Elea-Velia posto su una dorsale che si sviluppa dall'acropoli verso l'interno. Questa abitazione, nell'ambito del progetto E-Archeo, è stata individuata, considerate anche le lacune documentarie e la momentanea inaccessibilità delle strutture, per la peculiarità della planimetria, riferibile al tipo definito "ad ante" per il prolungamento, nella parte frontale, delle pareti perimetrali laterali. Questo modulo, che si richiama a repertori più antichi, a Elea-Velia viene adottato alla fine del VI sec. a.C. e non appare diffuso, allo stato attuale delle conoscenze, nell'architettura domestica magno-greca di questo periodo. L'edificio A.I, inoltre, si distingue anche per un intervento di ampliamento che, pochi anni dopo la sua costruzione, comporta l'aggiunta, al singolo ambiente originario, di altri due vani. In assenza dei contesti d'uso per l'obliterazione intenzionale della struttura, come accade per tutto l'abitato dell'acropoli, intorno al 480 a.C., il racconto dell'unità domestica e la proposta ricostruttiva, curata da Carraro Lab, si sono arricchiti di una serie di richiami all'organizzazione dello spazio domestico greco, alle attività quotidiane, come la tessitura o la cottura dei cibi su sostegni mobili in terracotta. Altri focus sono stati dedicati alla cultura materiale o ad alcuni eventi significativi di questa fase cronologica di Elea-Velia.
description: Finanziamento ALES S.p.A., Ministero della Cultura