cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067354
title: Supplementary Material for: Growth Hormone Treatment for Short Stature in the USA, Germany and France: 15 Years of Surveillance in the Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short-Stature International Study (GeNeSIS)

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> To describe characteristics, auxological outcomes and safety in paediatric patients with growth disorders treated with growth hormone (GH), for cohorts from the USA, Germany and France enrolled in GeNeSIS, a post-authorisation surveillance programme. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Diagnosis and biochemical measurement data were based on reporting from, and GH treatment was initiated at the discretion of, treating physicians. Auxological outcomes during the first 4 years of GH treatment and at near-adult height (NAH) were analysed. Serious and treatment-emergent adverse events were described. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Children in the USA (<i>n</i> = 9,810), Germany (<i>n</i> = 2,682) and France (<i>n</i> = 1,667) received GH (dose varied between countries), most commonly for GH deficiency. Across diagnostic groups and countries, mean height velocity standard deviation score (SDS) was &gt; 0 and height SDS increased from baseline during the first 4 years of treatment, with greatest improvements during year 1. Most children achieved NAH within the normal range (height SDS &gt;−2). No new or unexpected safety concerns were noted. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> GH treatment improved growth indices to a similar extent for patients in all three countries despite variations in GH doses. Data from these three countries, which together contributed &gt; 60% of patients to GeNeSIS, indicated no new safety signals and the benefit-risk profile of GH remains unchanged.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067369.v2
title: Collection of morphological matrices (some including extinct taxa) and related phylogenetic inferences

description: This file set contains (version 2) information, and analysis files, related to morphological data matrices collected from literature (including some we published) to sum up some principal features of these matrices, mainly how tree(un)like they are.<br>Version 2 includes<br><b>XLXS-File <i>OverviewTables</i> </b>summarising general signal information (behaviour under parsimony and NJ tree-building in relation to matrix and individual Delta Values, a measure for treelikeness.<b> </b><br><b>7z-Archives <i>Cycadales </i></b>and <i><b>HuffordMcMahon</b></i>.<i><b>Cycadales.7z</b> </i>includes the matrices of Stevenson (<i>Mem. NY Bot. Garden, </i><b>57</b>: 8–55, 1990) and my extension of it (Grimm GW. 1999. Diploma thesis. Eberhard Karls Universität) including extinct (potential) cycads as well as some inference based on them. <br><br><i><b>HuffonMcMahon.7z </b></i>includes the matrix and analysis files used for the graphics labelled HM04* and shown in the related post on Genealogical World of Phylogenetic Networks: <i>The curious case(s) of tree-like matrices with no synapomorphies.</i><br>Matrices are provided in NEXUS format (*.nex), trees in NEWICK (*.tre – single tree; *.tree[s] – tree collections) and networks in Splits-NEXUS format (*.nxs; *.dist; use SplitsTree to open and view files): MPT = most-parsimonious tree samples, BioNJ = neighbour-joining tree fulfilling the least-squares optimality criterion), MD = neighbour-net splits graphs, NJBS and PBS = NJ and parsimony bootstrap pseudoreplicates.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067348
title: Supplementary Material for: Perceived Stress and Mild Cognitive Impairment among 32,715 Community-Dwelling Older Adults across Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Perceived stress may be a modifiable risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and ultimately dementia, but studies on this topic from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are lacking. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We assessed the association between perceived stress and MCI in six LMICs (China, Ghana, India, Mexico, Russia, and South Africa) using nationally representative data. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Cross-sectional, community-based data on individuals aged ≥50 years from the World Health Organization’s Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. The definition of MCI was based on the National Institute on Ageing-Alzheimer’s Association criteria. A perceived stress score (range 0 [lowest stress] to 10 [highest stress]) was computed based on two questions from the Perceived Stress Scale. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the as­sociation between perceived stress and MCI. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean (SD) age of the 32,715 participants was 62.1 (15.6) years and 51.7% were females. After adjustment for potential confounders including depression, in the overall sample, a one-unit increase in the perceived stress score was associated with a 1.14 (95% CI = 1.11–1.18) times higher odds for MCI. The association was similar among those aged 50–64 and ≥65 years. Countrywise analysis showed that there was a moderate level of between-country heterogeneity in this association (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 59.4%), with the strongest association observed in Russia (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.15–1.55). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> If our study results are confirmed in prospective studies, addressing perceived stress may have an impact in reducing the risk for MCI and subsequent dementia in LMICs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067354.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Growth Hormone Treatment for Short Stature in the USA, Germany and France: 15 Years of Surveillance in the Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short-Stature International Study (GeNeSIS)

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> To describe characteristics, auxological outcomes and safety in paediatric patients with growth disorders treated with growth hormone (GH), for cohorts from the USA, Germany and France enrolled in GeNeSIS, a post-authorisation surveillance programme. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Diagnosis and biochemical measurement data were based on reporting from, and GH treatment was initiated at the discretion of, treating physicians. Auxological outcomes during the first 4 years of GH treatment and at near-adult height (NAH) were analysed. Serious and treatment-emergent adverse events were described. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Children in the USA (<i>n</i> = 9,810), Germany (<i>n</i> = 2,682) and France (<i>n</i> = 1,667) received GH (dose varied between countries), most commonly for GH deficiency. Across diagnostic groups and countries, mean height velocity standard deviation score (SDS) was &gt; 0 and height SDS increased from baseline during the first 4 years of treatment, with greatest improvements during year 1. Most children achieved NAH within the normal range (height SDS &gt;−2). No new or unexpected safety concerns were noted. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> GH treatment improved growth indices to a similar extent for patients in all three countries despite variations in GH doses. Data from these three countries, which together contributed &gt; 60% of patients to GeNeSIS, indicated no new safety signals and the benefit-risk profile of GH remains unchanged.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067261
title: The fetal fibronectin test: 25 years after its development, what is the evidence regarding its clinical utility? A systematic review and meta-analysis

description: <b>Background:</b> The identification of women at risk for preterm birth should allow interventions which could improve neonatal outcome. Fetal fibronectin, a glycoprotein which acts normally as glue between decidua and amniotic membranes could be a good marker of impending labour when its concentration in cervicovaginal secretions between 22 and 36 weeks of gestation is ≥50 ng/mL. Many authors worldwide have tested this marker with many different methodologies and clinical settings, but conclusions about its clinical use are mixed. It is time for a comprehensive update through a systematic review and meta-analysis. <b>Methods:</b> We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, supplemented by manual search of bibliographies of known primary and review articles, international conference papers, and contact with experts from 1–1990 to 2–2018. We have selected all type of studies involving fetal fibronectin test accuracy for preterm delivery. Two authors independently extracted data about study characteristics and quality from identified publications. Contingency tables were constructed. Reference standards were preterm delivery before 37, 36, 35, 34, and 32 weeks, within 28, 21, 14, or 7 d and within 48 h. Data were pooled to produce summary likelihood ratios for positive and negative tests results. <b>Results:</b> One hundred and ninety-three primary studies were identified allowing analysis of 53 subgroups. In all settings, none of the summary likelihood ratios were &gt;10 or &lt;0.1, thus indicating moderate prediction, particularly in asymptomatic women and in multiple gestations. <b>Conclusions:</b> The fetal fibronectin test should not be used as a screening test for asymptomatic women. For high-risk asymptomatic women, and especially for women with multiple pregnancies, the performance of the fetal fibronectin test was also too low to be clinically relevant. Consensual use as a diagnostic tool for women with suspected preterm labor, the best use policy probably still depends on local contingencies, future cost-effectiveness analysis, and comparison with other more recent available biochemical markers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067213
title: Supplementary Material for: Hypercoagulation on Thromboelastography Predicts Early Neurological Deterioration in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Thromboelastography (TEG) provides an integrated measurement of blood coagulation function and has been reported to be a useful tool for predicting clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate the application of TEG on admission for predicting early neurological deterioration (END) in patients with acute ischemic stroke and its potential correlation with the evolution of ischemic lesions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Among patients consecutively admitted between January 1, 2016, and September 31, 2017, those presenting with mild and moderate acute ischemic stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] score ≤14) within 24 h of stroke onset were identified and included in this study. TEG was performed on the first day of admission. END was defined as an increase of ≥1 on subitems of the NIHSS or the emergence of new symptoms within 72 h of admission. Demographics, lab test results, and TEG values were compared according to whether END occurred. A multiple logistic regression model was then developed to investigate the predictive power of TEG for END. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were then plotted to evaluate the optimal cutoff values. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 246 eligible patients (mean age 65.3 ± 12.9 years, 73.6% male), END was identified in 72 (29.3%) patients. Patients with END corresponded to a higher proportion of females, a more prevalent history of diabetes mellitus (DM), higher baseline NIHSS scores, higher serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels, and significantly shorter R on TEG (4.0 ± 1.0 vs. 4.7 ± 1.2 min, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). In further comparisons stratified by R tertiles, significant trends were found between shorter R and being female and older and being more likely to exhibit diffusion weighted imaging progression on follow-up MRI. After adjusting for female sex, baseline NIHSS score, DM, and hsCRP, the lower tertile of R (R ≤3.8 min) was strongly associated with END (OR 3.556, 95% CI 1.165–10.856, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated that R ≤3.45 min had the best predictive value for END with 87.9% sensitivity and 40.3% specificity. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Decreased R time on admission TEG is associated with END within 3 days in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067261.v1
title: The fetal fibronectin test: 25 years after its development, what is the evidence regarding its clinical utility? A systematic review and meta-analysis

description: <b>Background:</b> The identification of women at risk for preterm birth should allow interventions which could improve neonatal outcome. Fetal fibronectin, a glycoprotein which acts normally as glue between decidua and amniotic membranes could be a good marker of impending labour when its concentration in cervicovaginal secretions between 22 and 36 weeks of gestation is ≥50 ng/mL. Many authors worldwide have tested this marker with many different methodologies and clinical settings, but conclusions about its clinical use are mixed. It is time for a comprehensive update through a systematic review and meta-analysis. <b>Methods:</b> We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, supplemented by manual search of bibliographies of known primary and review articles, international conference papers, and contact with experts from 1–1990 to 2–2018. We have selected all type of studies involving fetal fibronectin test accuracy for preterm delivery. Two authors independently extracted data about study characteristics and quality from identified publications. Contingency tables were constructed. Reference standards were preterm delivery before 37, 36, 35, 34, and 32 weeks, within 28, 21, 14, or 7 d and within 48 h. Data were pooled to produce summary likelihood ratios for positive and negative tests results. <b>Results:</b> One hundred and ninety-three primary studies were identified allowing analysis of 53 subgroups. In all settings, none of the summary likelihood ratios were &gt;10 or &lt;0.1, thus indicating moderate prediction, particularly in asymptomatic women and in multiple gestations. <b>Conclusions:</b> The fetal fibronectin test should not be used as a screening test for asymptomatic women. For high-risk asymptomatic women, and especially for women with multiple pregnancies, the performance of the fetal fibronectin test was also too low to be clinically relevant. Consensual use as a diagnostic tool for women with suspected preterm labor, the best use policy probably still depends on local contingencies, future cost-effectiveness analysis, and comparison with other more recent available biochemical markers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067207
title: Supplementary Material for: Early Achievement of Blood Pressure Lowering and Hematoma Growth in Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage: Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-Factor Assessment and Improvement-Intracerebral Hemorrhage Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Previous studies have revealed that hematoma growth mainly occurs during the first 6 h after the onset of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Early lowering of blood pressure (BP) may be beneficial for preventing hematoma growth. However, relationships between timing of BP lowering and hematoma growth in ICH remain unclear. We investigated associations between timing of BP lowering and hematoma growth for ICH. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Stroke Acute Management with Urgent Risk-factor Assessment and Improvement (SAMURAI)-ICH Study was a multicenter, prospective, observational study investigating the safety and feasibility of early (within 3 h from onset) reduction of systolic BP (SBP) to &lt; 160 mm Hg with intravenous nicardipine for acute hypertension in cases of spontaneous ICH. The present study was a post hoc analysis of the SAMURAI-ICH study. We examined relationships between time from onset, imaging, and initiation of treatment to target SBP achievement and hematoma growth (absolute growth ≥6 mL) in ICH patients. Target SBP achievement was defined as the time at which SBP first became &lt; 160 mm Hg. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among 211 patients, hematoma growth was seen in 31 patients (14.7%). The time from imaging to target SBP and time from treatment to target SBP were significantly shorter in patients without hematoma growth than in those with (<i>p</i> = 0.043 and <i>p</i> = 0.032 respectively), whereas no significant difference was seen in time from onset to SBP &lt; 160 mm Hg between groups (<i>p</i> = 0.177). Patients in the lower quartiles of time from imaging to target SBP and time from treatment to target SBP showed lower incidences of hematoma growth (<i>p </i>trend = 0.023 and 0.037 respectively). The lowest quartile of time from imaging to target SBP (&lt; 38 min) was negatively associated with hematoma growth on multivariable logistic regression (OR 0.182; 95% CI 0.038–0.867; <i>p</i> = 0.032). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Early achievement of target SBP &lt; 160 mm Hg is associated with a lower risk of hematoma growth in ICH.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067198
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of Dysphagia Assessment and Management on Risk of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Patients with dysphagia are at an increased risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. There is wide variation in the way patients are screened and assessed during the acute phase. The aim of this review was to identify the methods of assessment and management in acute stroke that influence the risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. Studies of stroke patients that reported dysphagia screening, assessment or management and occurrence of pneumonia during acute phase stroke were screened for inclusion after electronic searches of multiple databases from inception to November 2016. The primary outcome was association with stroke-associated pneumonia. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Twelve studies of 87,824 patients were included. The type of dysphagia screening protocol varied widely across and within studies. There was limited information on what comprised a specialist swallow assessment and alternative feeding was the only management strategy, which was reported for association with stroke-associated pneumonia. Use of a formal screening protocol and early dysphagia screening (EDS) and assessment by a speech and language pathologist (SLP) were associated with a reduced risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. There was marked heterogeneity between the included studies, which precluded meta-analysis. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> There is variation in the assessment and management of dysphagia in acute stroke. There is increasing evidence that EDS and specialist swallow assessment by an SLP may reduce the odds of stroke-associated pneumonia. There is the potential for other factors to influence the incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia during the acute phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067192
title: Time Series Data - Kinematics, Forces, Energetics, EMG

description: This dataset was constructed using Matlab 2017b.<br><br>The data are organised into three structures: 'Down', 'Level', and 'Up' which contain the data for the corresponding condition of stepping downwards, level stepping, and stepping upwards.<br>At the deepest level of each structure, the data are organized into matrices where each row corresponds to the stance phase data of a single step for a single subject. The total number of rows is equal to the number of total steps across all subjects for that condition. The number of columns represents the average length of stance phase for that condition across all participants at a down-sampled rate of 150 Hz.<br>There are two exceptions to this format:1) The field 'StanceTime' is an array in which each element is the duration of stance time for each stance time in seconds.2) The field 'Subject' is an integer array where each element corresponds to the subject from which the data come from.<br>Moment data are normalized by the weight of the participant and is in units of Nm/kg.Force data are normalized by the weight of the participant and is in units of Nm/kg.Power data are normalized by the weight of the participant and is in units of W/kg.EMG data are normalized on a range of 0 to 1 based on the minimum and maximum EMG recorded during the stance phase of all conditions on a per-participant basis.Speed data are in units of m/s.Length data are in units of m.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067195
title: Participant metrics

description: Height, weight, and age of each participant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067195.v1
title: Participant metrics

description: Height, weight, and age of each participant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7067198.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of Dysphagia Assessment and Management on Risk of Stroke-Associated Pneumonia: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Patients with dysphagia are at an increased risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. There is wide variation in the way patients are screened and assessed during the acute phase. The aim of this review was to identify the methods of assessment and management in acute stroke that influence the risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. Studies of stroke patients that reported dysphagia screening, assessment or management and occurrence of pneumonia during acute phase stroke were screened for inclusion after electronic searches of multiple databases from inception to November 2016. The primary outcome was association with stroke-associated pneumonia. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> Twelve studies of 87,824 patients were included. The type of dysphagia screening protocol varied widely across and within studies. There was limited information on what comprised a specialist swallow assessment and alternative feeding was the only management strategy, which was reported for association with stroke-associated pneumonia. Use of a formal screening protocol and early dysphagia screening (EDS) and assessment by a speech and language pathologist (SLP) were associated with a reduced risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. There was marked heterogeneity between the included studies, which precluded meta-analysis. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> There is variation in the assessment and management of dysphagia in acute stroke. There is increasing evidence that EDS and specialist swallow assessment by an SLP may reduce the odds of stroke-associated pneumonia. There is the potential for other factors to influence the incidence of stroke-associated pneumonia during the acute phase.