DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zw3r228cj
title: Data for: A small survey of introduced African fig fly (Zaprionus indianus) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United States

description: The African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus (Gupta), is a generalist fruit fly
 that typically breeds in decaying fruits from over 70 plant species. The
 species has spread globally from its native range in tropical Africa,
 becoming an invasive pest on ripening figs in Brazil. First reported in
 the United States in 2005 in Florida, Z. indianus has since been
 documented as far north as Canada and is hypothesized to recolonize
 northwards from southern refugia each year. We sampled drosophilid
 communities over the growing season at two orchards in Virginia from
 2020-2022 and 11 orchards along the East Coast during the fall of 2022 to
 quantify abundance of Z. indianus relative to other drosophilids across
 locations, seasons, and fruit crops. Massachusetts was the northernmost
 population, with no Z. indianus detected in Maine and no correlation
 between latitude and relative abundance. Variation in Z. indianus relative
 abundance was high between nearby orchards and abundance was higher on
 peaches relative to apples within orchards. Comparisons of seasonal
 abundance curves between two Virginia orchards showed similar dynamics
 across years with individuals first detected around July and becoming
 absent around December, with peaks in late summer and mid fall. The
 variation in seasonal and latitudinal abundance shown here highlight a
 need for broader sampling to accurately characterize the range, spread,
 and environmental tolerances of Z. indianus in North America.
description: Field collections of wild Drosophilids were conducted by
 netting/aspirating/trapping flies at various orchards. Flies were sorted
 to identify species as Z. indianus or not and counts of Z. indianus and
 non-Z. indianus (other) were recorded.
description: # Data for: A small survey of introduced African fig fly (Zaprionus
 indianus) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United
 States *** This dataset contains counts of wild Drosophilids collected
 from locations in the eastern United States from 2020 to 2022. All flies
 were identified as Z. indianus or other species. Principal Investigator
 Contact Information Name: Priscilla Erickson Institution: University of
 Richmond Address: Richmond, VA, USA Email: perickso@richmond.edu ##List of
 files 1. Zaprionus\_wild\_collections\_master.csv This file contains all
 collection data from all locations. This data file is used for the
 majority of the analyses in the paper. 2. lad\_abund\_map.csv This file
 contains the tabulated data for each latitudinal collection data as well
 as latitude and longitude information for each location and is used to
 generate Figure 1 3. net\_asp\_analysis.csv This file contains only the
 sampling dates where both netting and aspirating were used to enable a
 comparison of the two methods 4. apple\_peach\_analysis.csv This file
 contains only the sampling dates where both apples and peaches were
 sampled for the analysis of the two fruits. 5.
 latitude\_isofemale\_regression.csv This file contains the data used to
 regress Z. indianus abundance against latitude Relationship between files,
 if important: the smaller files are all subsets derived from
 Zaprionus\_wild\_collections\_master.csv to simplify analysis ##
 Description of the data and file structure ###
 Zaprionus\_wild\_collections\_master.csv Description of Columns: *
 location: where flies were collected. * CM = Carter Mountain Orchard,
 Charlottesville, VA * HPO = Hanover Peach Orchard, Richmond, VA * Linvilla
 = Linvilla Orchard, Media, PA * RAB = Red Apple Barn, Ellijay, GA * FSP =
 Fruit and Spice Park, Homestead, FL * HC = Hillcrest Orchard, Ellijay, GA
 * Carver Hill = Carver Hill Orchard, Stowe, MA * Westward = Westward
 Orchard, Stowe, MA * HPH = Honey Pot Orchard, Stowe, MA * Lyman = Lyman
 Orchard, Middlefield, CT * Hansel= Hansel Orchard, North Yarmouth, ME * RR
 = Rocky Ridge Orchard, Bowdoinham, ME * date: the date the flies were
 collected * species: whether flies were Z. indianus or not (other) * vial:
 if flies were collected in multiple vials, which vial did the data come
 from? * count: the number of flies of that species present in the vial.
 Note that "999" is a placeholder for a small number of
 collections where total number of flies was not recorded, but flies were
 scanned and 0 Z. indianus were detected. 999 should not be included in any
 total counts * method: how flies were collected: netting (net), aspirating
 (asp), or both (net/asp) * fruit: the type of fruit the flies were
 collected on, if recorded * season: "lat" indicates that the
 flies were part of the latitudinal analysis; "season""
 indicates part of the seasonal analysis ### lat\_abund\_map.csv
 Description of columns * date: the collection date in M/D/Y format *
 location: where the flies were collected. See "location" for
 file number 1 above * prop.zap: The proportion of all drosophilids
 collected that were Z. indianus * n.total: The total number of
 Drosophilids collected * n.zap: The number of Z. indianus collected *
 n.other: The nubmer of non-Z.indianus collected * lat: The latitude of the
 colleciton location * long: The longitude of the collection location ###
 net\_asp\_analysis.csv Description of columns * location: where flies were
 collected-see file 1 above * date: the date the flies were collected *
 species: whether flies were Z. indianus or not (other) * vial: if flies
 were collected in multiple vials, which vial did the data come from? *
 count: the number of flies of that species present in the vial. Note that
 "999" is a placeholder for a small number of collections where
 total number of flies was not recorded, but flies were scanned and 0 Z.
 indianus were detected. 999 should not be included in any total counts *
 method: how flies were collected: netting (net), aspirating (asp), or both
 (net/asp) * fruit: the type of fruit the flies were collected on, if
 recorded ### apple\_peach\_analysis Description of columns * location:
 where the flies were collected. See "location" for file number 1
 above * date: the collection date in M/D/Y format * fruit: whether flies
 were collected near apples or peaches * zind: the number of Z. indianus
 sampled * other: the number of non-Z.indianus drosophilids sampled ###
 latitude\_isofemale\_regression.csv Description of columns * orchard:
 where the flies were collected. See "location" for file number 1
 above * prop.zap: The proportion of all drosophilids collected that were
 Z. indianus * latitude: the latitude of the collection location * date:
 the collection date in M/D/Y format ## Sharing/Access information Links to
 other publicly accessible locations of the data: *
 https://github.com/lmrakes/Zaprionus-field-collections-2022 Data was
 derived from the following sources: * all data produced from collections
 performed by the Erickson lab at University of Richmond ## Code/Software
 All data were analyzed in R with the scripts attached.