cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17316974
title: CARRIER LIABILITY IN SUCCESSIVE CARRIAGE UNDER THE IRAQI TRANSPORT LAW
title: مسؤولية الناقل في النقل المتعاقب في ضوء قانون النقل العراقي

description: This study investigates successive carriage, a distinct legal and commercial form of international transport, arising from the absence or irregularity of direct transport routes. Under this system, multiple carriers perform consecutive stages of transport under a single document, with the first carrier fully liable to the consignor or passenger, including breaches in subsequent stages. The research examines the role of direct and indirect transport documents and the concept of recourse, allowing a carrier who has compensated an injured party to seek reimbursement from other carriers. It highlights carriers’ duties to inspect goods, document their condition, and collect freight, and critically analyzes maritime carrier liability under Iraqi Transport Law No. 80 of 1983, noting conflicts with the Civil Code and gaps in harmonization. The findings confirm that liability requires fault, damage, and a causal link, and underscore the need for a comprehensive Iraqi maritime code to ensure legal clarity, protect stakeholders, and align with international standards.
description: تتناول هذه الدراسة النقل المتعاقب، وهو شكل قانوني وتجاري متميز للنقل الدولي ينشأ بسبب غياب أو عدم انتظام خطوط النقل المباشرة. بموجب هذا النظام، يقوم عدة ناقلين بأداء مراحل نقل متتالية بموجب وثيقة واحدة، ويكون الناقل الأول مسؤولًا مسؤولية كاملة تجاه الشاحن أو الراكب، بما في ذلك المخالفات التي تحدث في المراحل اللاحقة.

يبحث هذا البحث في دور وثائق النقل المباشرة وغير المباشرة ومفهوم حق الرجوع، الذي يسمح للناقل الذي قام بتعويض الطرف المتضرر أن يطالب باسترداد المبلغ من الناقلين الآخرين. ويسلط الضوء على واجبات الناقلين فيما يتعلق بفحص البضائع، وتوثيق حالتها، وتحصيل الأجرة (الشحن)، ويحلل بشكل نقدي مسؤولية الناقل البحري بموجب قانون النقل العراقي رقم 80 لسنة 1983، مشيرًا إلى وجود تعارضات مع القانون المدني وفجوات في المواءمة.

تؤكد النتائج أن المسؤولية تتطلب الخطأ، والضرر، وعلاقة سببية، وتشدد على ضرورة وضع قانون بحري عراقي شامل لضمان الوضوح القانوني، وحماية أصحاب المصلحة، والتوافق مع المعايير الدولية.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17316975
title: CARRIER LIABILITY IN SUCCESSIVE CARRIAGE UNDER THE IRAQI TRANSPORT LAW
title: مسؤولية الناقل في النقل المتعاقب في ضوء قانون النقل العراقي

description: This study investigates successive carriage, a distinct legal and commercial form of international transport, arising from the absence or irregularity of direct transport routes. Under this system, multiple carriers perform consecutive stages of transport under a single document, with the first carrier fully liable to the consignor or passenger, including breaches in subsequent stages. The research examines the role of direct and indirect transport documents and the concept of recourse, allowing a carrier who has compensated an injured party to seek reimbursement from other carriers. It highlights carriers’ duties to inspect goods, document their condition, and collect freight, and critically analyzes maritime carrier liability under Iraqi Transport Law No. 80 of 1983, noting conflicts with the Civil Code and gaps in harmonization. The findings confirm that liability requires fault, damage, and a causal link, and underscore the need for a comprehensive Iraqi maritime code to ensure legal clarity, protect stakeholders, and align with international standards.
description: تتناول هذه الدراسة النقل المتعاقب، وهو شكل قانوني وتجاري متميز للنقل الدولي ينشأ بسبب غياب أو عدم انتظام خطوط النقل المباشرة. بموجب هذا النظام، يقوم عدة ناقلين بأداء مراحل نقل متتالية بموجب وثيقة واحدة، ويكون الناقل الأول مسؤولًا مسؤولية كاملة تجاه الشاحن أو الراكب، بما في ذلك المخالفات التي تحدث في المراحل اللاحقة.

يبحث هذا البحث في دور وثائق النقل المباشرة وغير المباشرة ومفهوم حق الرجوع، الذي يسمح للناقل الذي قام بتعويض الطرف المتضرر أن يطالب باسترداد المبلغ من الناقلين الآخرين. ويسلط الضوء على واجبات الناقلين فيما يتعلق بفحص البضائع، وتوثيق حالتها، وتحصيل الأجرة (الشحن)، ويحلل بشكل نقدي مسؤولية الناقل البحري بموجب قانون النقل العراقي رقم 80 لسنة 1983، مشيرًا إلى وجود تعارضات مع القانون المدني وفجوات في المواءمة.

تؤكد النتائج أن المسؤولية تتطلب الخطأ، والضرر، وعلاقة سببية، وتشدد على ضرورة وضع قانون بحري عراقي شامل لضمان الوضوح القانوني، وحماية أصحاب المصلحة، والتوافق مع المعايير الدولية.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3trpb
title: CCDC 114132: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: M.K.Ellison, C.E.Schulz, W.R.Scheidt|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|100|doi:10.1021/ic981162n
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3trqc
title: CCDC 114133: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: M.K.Ellison, C.E.Schulz, W.R.Scheidt|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|100|doi:10.1021/ic981162n
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3trrd
title: CCDC 114134: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: M.K.Ellison, C.E.Schulz, W.R.Scheidt|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|100|doi:10.1021/ic981162n
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3trsf
title: CCDC 114135: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: M.K.Ellison, C.E.Schulz, W.R.Scheidt|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|100|doi:10.1021/ic981162n
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3trtg
title: CCDC 114136: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: M.K.Ellison, C.E.Schulz, W.R.Scheidt|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|100|doi:10.1021/ic981162n
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3trxk
title: CCDC 114139: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Furuhashi, M.Kawano, Y.Koide, R.Somazawa, K.Matsumoto|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|109|doi:10.1021/ic9804115
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3ts4t
title: CCDC 114146: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Furuhashi, M.Kawano, Y.Koide, R.Somazawa, K.Matsumoto|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|109|doi:10.1021/ic9804115
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3tsb0
title: CCDC 114152: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Ikada, S.Kuwata, Y.Mizobe, M.Hidai|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|64|doi:10.1021/ic981035r
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3tsc1
title: CCDC 114153: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Ikada, S.Kuwata, Y.Mizobe, M.Hidai|1999|Inorg.Chem.|38|64|doi:10.1021/ic981035r
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vwyr
title: CCDC 115225: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: F.Malbosc, P.Kalck, J.-C.Daran, M.Etienne|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||271|doi:10.1039/a809323g
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vwzs
title: CCDC 115226: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: M.Paneque, S.Sirol, M.Trujillo, E.Carmona, E.Gutierrez-Puebla, M.A.Monge, C.Ruiz, F.Malbosc, C.Serra-Le Berre, P.Kalck, M.Etienne, J.C.Daran|2001|Chem.-Eur.J.|7|3868|doi:10.1002/1521-3765(20010917)7:18<3868::AID-CHEM3868>3.0.CO;2-T
description: Related Article: F.Malbosc, P.Kalck, J.-C.Daran, M.Etienne|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||271|doi:10.1039/a809323g
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx0v
title: CCDC 115227: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Yamaguchi, F.Yamazaki, T.Ito|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||273|doi:10.1039/a808678h
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx1w
title: CCDC 115228: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Yamaguchi, F.Yamazaki, T.Ito|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||273|doi:10.1039/a808678h
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx2x
title: CCDC 115229: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: G.B.Deacon, C.M.Kepert, N.Sahely, B.W.Skelton, L.Spiccia, N.C.Thomas, A.H.White|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||275|doi:10.1039/a808006b
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx3y
title: CCDC 115230: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: G.B.Deacon, C.M.Kepert, N.Sahely, B.W.Skelton, L.Spiccia, N.C.Thomas, A.H.White|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||275|doi:10.1039/a808006b
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx4z
title: CCDC 115231: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: P.D.Croucher, P.J.Nichols, C.L.Raston|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||279|doi:10.1039/a805893h
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx50
title: CCDC 115232: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: P.D.Croucher, P.J.Nichols, C.L.Raston|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||279|doi:10.1039/a805893h
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx61
title: CCDC 115233: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: P.D.Croucher, P.J.Nichols, C.L.Raston|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||279|doi:10.1039/a805893h
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx83
title: CCDC 115235: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: I.Foch, L.Parkanyi, G.Besenyei, L.I.Simandi, A.Kalman|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||293|doi:10.1039/a805467c
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vx94
title: CCDC 115236: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: I.Foch, L.Parkanyi, G.Besenyei, L.I.Simandi, A.Kalman|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||293|doi:10.1039/a805467c
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxd7
title: CCDC 115239: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: A.S.Batsanov, A.V.Churakov, M.A.M.Easson, L.J.Govenlock, J.A.K.Howard, J.M.Moloney, D.Parker|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||323|doi:10.1039/a807142j
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxf8
title: CCDC 115240: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: A.S.Batsanov, A.V.Churakov, M.A.M.Easson, L.J.Govenlock, J.A.K.Howard, J.M.Moloney, D.Parker|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||323|doi:10.1039/a807142j
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxg9
title: CCDC 115241: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: A.S.Batsanov, A.V.Churakov, M.A.M.Easson, L.J.Govenlock, J.A.K.Howard, J.M.Moloney, D.Parker|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||323|doi:10.1039/a807142j
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxhb
title: CCDC 115242: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: A.S.Batsanov, A.V.Churakov, M.A.M.Easson, L.J.Govenlock, J.A.K.Howard, J.M.Moloney, D.Parker|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||323|doi:10.1039/a807142j
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxjc
title: CCDC 115243: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: K.L.V.Mann, E.Psillakis, J.C.Jeffery, L.H.Rees, N.M.Harden, J.A.McCleverty, M.D.Ward, D.Gatteschi, F.Totti, F.E.Mabbs, E.J.L.McInnes, P.C.Riedi, G.M.Smith|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||339|doi:10.1039/a807599i
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxkd
title: CCDC 115244: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: K.L.V.Mann, E.Psillakis, J.C.Jeffery, L.H.Rees, N.M.Harden, J.A.McCleverty, M.D.Ward, D.Gatteschi, F.Totti, F.E.Mabbs, E.J.L.McInnes, P.C.Riedi, G.M.Smith|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||339|doi:10.1039/a807599i
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxmg
title: CCDC 115246: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: K.L.V.Mann, E.Psillakis, J.C.Jeffery, L.H.Rees, N.M.Harden, J.A.McCleverty, M.D.Ward, D.Gatteschi, F.Totti, F.E.Mabbs, E.J.L.McInnes, P.C.Riedi, G.M.Smith|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||339|doi:10.1039/a807599i
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxpj
title: CCDC 115248: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Z.R.Reeves, K.L.V.Mann, J.C.Jeffery, J.A.McCleverty, M.D.Ward, F.Barigelletti, N.Armaroli|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||349|doi:10.1039/a808724e
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxqk
title: CCDC 115249: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Z.R.Reeves, K.L.V.Mann, J.C.Jeffery, J.A.McCleverty, M.D.Ward, F.Barigelletti, N.Armaroli|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||349|doi:10.1039/a808724e
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vxrl
title: CCDC 115250: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Z.R.Reeves, K.L.V.Mann, J.C.Jeffery, J.A.McCleverty, M.D.Ward, F.Barigelletti, N.Armaroli|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||349|doi:10.1039/a808724e
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3vyzv
title: CCDC 115288: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: S.S.P.R.Almeida, M.F.C.Guedes da Silva, J.J.R.Frausto da Silva, A.J.L.Pombeiro|1999|J.Chem.Soc.,Dalton Trans.||467|doi:10.1039/a807707j
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc3x3vy
title: CCDC 116400: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: K. Peters, E.-M. Peters, S. Schneider, G. Bringmann|1999|Z.Kristallogr.-New Cryst.Struct.|214|247|doi:10.1515/ncrs-1999-0249
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.