cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/yhre-5945
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bahamas 1,500 Year Blue Hole Coarse Sediment Paleohurricane Data

description: Hurricanes cause substantial loss of life and resources in coastal areas. Unfortunately, historical hurricane records are too short and incomplete to capture hurricane‐climate interactions on multi‐decadal and longer timescales. Coarse‐grained, hurricane‐induced deposits preserved in blue holes in the Caribbean can provide records of past hurricane activity extending back thousands of years. Here we present a high resolution record of intense hurricane events over the past 1500 years from a blue hole on South Andros Island on the Great Bahama Bank. This record is corroborated by shorter reconstructions from cores collected at two nearby blue holes. The record contains coarse‐grained event deposits attributable to known historical hurricane strikes within age uncertainties. Over the past 1500 years, South Andros shows evidence of four active periods of hurricane activity. None of these active intervals occurred in the past 163 years. We suggest that Intertropical Convergence Zone position modulates hurricane activity on the island based on a correlation with Cariaco Basin titanium concentrations. An anomalous gap in activity on South Andros Island in the early 13th century corresponds to a period of increased volcanism. The patterns of hurricane activity reconstructed from South Andros Island closely match those from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico but are anti‐phased with records from New England. We suggest that either changes in local environmental conditions (e.g., SSTs) or a northeastward shift in storm tracks can account for the increased activity in the western North Atlantic when the Gulf of Mexico and southeastern Caribbean are less active.
description: Coarse sediment paleohurricane data from Blue Holes near South Andros Island, Bahamas
DOI: 10.25921/y92j-pw59
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Hughes - Kologrivsky Forest Nature Reserve - PCAB - ITRDB RUSS275

description: We report new data on tree-ring growth in northern European Russia, a region with a hitherto relatively sparse tree-ring network. We explore its associations with climate variability. Areas, sampling locations and trees were selected for representativeness rather than climate sensitivity. Using tree rings from 651 conifers from six widely dispersed areas we show strong intercorrelation between trees within each major conifer species within and between areas. Regional composite tree-ring series for spruce and pine contain a major fraction of decadal and multidecadal variability. The most likely driver of this common variability is interannual to multidecadal climate variability. Gridded monthly instrumental climate data for the period 1902-2008, particularly mean temperature and total precipitation, were tested as predictors of each local species-specific tree-ring site chronology. The most consistent pattern emerged for spruce at all but the southernmost area. Cool and moist summers the year before growth were consistent drivers of spruce ring growth throughout the period, with no change in recent decades. Self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index for prior summer was also a strong and consistent driver of spruce ring growth. For pine, there was a weaker but similarly stable association between larger rings and warm, moist conditions, in this case in the current summer. These associations were also identified at multidecadal time scales, particularly for spruce. On the other hand, the specific role of moisture variability in determining interannual to multidecadal variability in tree growth in this high latitude region raises questions about the relative vulnerability of spruce and pine there under global warming.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-01-15.
DOI: 10.25921/yekp-xy46
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Howard - Bretby Hall - QUSP - ITRDB BRIT077

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Ring width series for samples in site sequence BRTASQ02 which spans period AD 1685-1805. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-03-09. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/y3xk-st17
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lianhua Cave, North China 14,500 Year Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data

description: Knowledge of hydroclimatic dynamics in the East Asian monsoon region during the Holocene was hindered by few absolutely-dated and decadally-resolved proxy records in northern China. Here we present replicated carbonate d18O records of six stalagmites with sub-decadal to multi-decadal resolutions from the Lianhua cave to reveal a detailed evolution of the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) intensity in northern China since 11.5 thousand years before present (ka BP, before 1950 CE). Our composite record shows that solar forcing dominated hydroclimatic changes regionally, including an intensified monsoon at the Holocene Optimum from the termination of Younger Dryas to 6.5 ka BP, and a subsequent multi-millennial weakening monsoon, that agrees with cave records in central and southern China. However, the EASM has retreated southwards more rapidly than the Indian summer monsoon after ~6.5 ka BP, resulting in aridity conditions occurring at 4.0 ka BP in northern China, which is almost 2000-year earlier than that in central and southern China. This north-south asynchroneity is likely related to the different regional responses among the coupling of the EASM, Indian summer monsoon, the solar forcing, and the differences in thermal forcing due to complex geographical configurations. In addition, a relative enrichment of 1 per mil in 18O data of the Lianhua record from 9.5 to 8.1 ka BP shows that the Holocene Optimum was punctuated by a millennial-long weakening monsoon interval, which is not registered among previous cave records in central and southern China. The fresh water-induced cold climate conditions in the North Atlantic region could create stronger East Asian winter monsoon, and induce a weakened EASM and a southward shift of rain belt in northern China. Therefore, it shall not be surprised that there are strong heterogeneities among regional hydroclimatic conditions across monsoonal China, given the complex interplay between external and internal forcing mechanisms over the entire Holocene.
description: Oxygen isotope (d18O) data from 6 stalagmites, plus composite series, from Lianhua Cave, northern China, for the past 14,500 years. Provided keywords: Younger Dryas, Holocenee, 8.2 ka event, East Asian monsoon summer, Regional synchronicity, North China
DOI: 10.25921/yhty-bz23
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - IODP Expedition 363 Western Pacific Warm Pool benthic foraminiferal species counts over the past 10 million years

description: We investigated benthic foraminiferal species as tracers for carbon export flux in the Indo Pacific warm pool (International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 363). In core tops, the distribution of lower bathyal and upper abyssal species can be separated into two distinct groups. Foraminifera belonging to the high carbon flux (>3.5 g C m-2 year-1), 'warm' (>3.5°C) group are Bolivina robusta, Bulimina aculeata, Globobulimina pacifica, Hoeglundina elegans, Laticarinina pauperata, and Cibicidoides pachyderma. The lower carbon flux, 'cold' group includes Oridorsalis umbontus, Uvigerina bifurcata, and Planulina wuellerstorfi. An index based on the percent 'warm' assemblage with respect to the total 'warm' plus 'cold' species in core-top samples correlates significantly with carbon flux (r = 0.91, P = 0.0007) and modern bottom water temperatures (r = 0.94, P = 0.0002). When applied to down-core species abundances based on core catchers spanning the late Miocene through Pleistocene, we observed that sites from the northwestern Australian margin show marked changes in the 'warm' index, suggesting a large paleoenvironmental signal in this dynamic region. At Papua New Guinea, down-core abundances of the 'warm' group are highest (>80%), consistent with high organic matter input via the Sepik River. At the deeper of the two sites, down-slope movement in this tectonically unstable region may have contributed to organic matter input. At Manus Basin, the 'warm' species abundances are also relatively high and covary with the percent abundance of Uvigerina proboscidea, providing further evidence for the use of this index as a tracer for carbon flux. Overall, this study contributes evidence for the relationship between benthic foraminiferal assemblages and carbon export flux in the Indo-Pacific warm pool, suggesting that the 'warm' index can be used as a tracer for paleoproductivity.
description: All age models are based on Leg 363 shipboard biostratigraphy (Rosenthal et al., 2017) 
     Provided Keywords: benthic foraminifera, carbon flux
DOI: 10.25921/yxx0-q666
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Maxwell - Fox Ridge State Park - ACSH - ITRDB IL030

description: While forest communities are changing as a result of global environmental change, the impacts of tree species shifts on ecosystem services such as carbon storage are poorly quantified. In many parts of the eastern United States (US), more xeric-adapted oak-hickory dominated stands are being replaced with mesic beech-maple assemblages. To examine the possible impacts of this ongoing change in forest composition, we investigated how two wide-ranging and co-occurring eastern US species - Acer saccharum (sugar maple) and Quercus alba (white oak) - respond to interannual climate variability. Using 781 tree cores from 418 individual trees at 18 locations, we found late-growing season drought reduced A. saccharum growth more than that of Q. alba. A gradient in the growth reduction across latitude was also found in A. saccharum, where southern populations of A. saccharum experienced greater reductions in growth during drought. Drought had a legacy effect on growth for both species, with drought occurring later in the growing season having a larger legacy effect. Consequently, as forests shift from oak to maple dominance, drought in the later part of the growing season is likely to become an increasingly important control on forest productivity. Thus, our findings suggest that co-occurring species are responding to environmental conditions during different times in the growing season and, therefore, the timing of drought conditions will play an important role in forest productivity and carbon sequestration as forest species composition changes. These findings are particularly important because the projected increases in potential evapotranspiration, combined with possible changes in the seasonality of precipitation could have a substantial impact on how tree growth responds to future climatic change.
description: Sugar Maple and White Oak comparisons 1901-2016 (analyses period) 1700-2016 (oldest crn) NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-12-29.
DOI: 10.25921/y83c-jc80
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Brunstein - Black Mountain - PIAR - ITRDB CO689

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/y2a7-p834
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stefanuk - Algonquin Highlands AL10 - ACSH - ITRDB CANA624

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Sample plots were circular with a radius of 75m, located within sugar maple dominated stands in protected areas within each region including Algonquin Provincial Park, Frontenac Provincial Park, Charleston Lake Provincial Park and the Queen's University Biological Station. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bufz93
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Piciformes)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((60 -90,70 -90,70 -80,60 -80,60 -90))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0024745-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/y4ec-mw21
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Oskolkov - Harich - LASI - ITRDB RUSS290

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pssed2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 424 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Scaphopoda)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-50 -30,-40 -30,-40 -20,-50 -20,-50 -30))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 424 records from 9 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0024743-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/yp94-v135
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - CoralHydro2k Database (Common Era coral d18O and Sr/Ca data compilation)

description: The response of the hydrological cycle to anthropogenic climate change, especially across the tropical oceans, remains poorly understood due to the scarcity of long instrumental temperature and hydrological records. Massive shallow-water corals are ideally suited to reconstructing past oceanic variability as they are widely distributed across the tropics, rapidly deposit calcium carbonate skeletons that continuously record ambient environmental conditions, and can be sampled at monthly to annual resolution. Climate reconstructions based on corals primarily use the stable oxygen isotope composition (δ18O), which acts as a proxy for sea surface temperature (SST), and the oxygen isotope composition of seawater (δ18Osw), a measure of hydrological variability. Increasingly, coral δ18O time series are paired with time series of strontium-to-calcium ratios (), a proxy for SST, from the same coral to quantify temperature and δ18Osw variability through time. To increase the utility of such reconstructions, we present the CoralHydro2k database, a compilation of published, peer-reviewed coral  and δ18O records from the Common Era (CE). The database contains 54 paired –δ18O records and 125 unpaired  or δ18O records, with 88 % of these records providing data coverage from 1800 CE to the present. A quality-controlled set of metadata with standardized vocabulary and units accompanies each record, informing the use of the database. The CoralHydro2k database tracks large-scale temperature and hydrological variability. As such, it is well-suited for investigations of past climate variability, comparisons with climate model simulations including isotope-enabled models, and application in paleodata-assimilation projects. The CoralHydro2k database is available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format with serializations in MATLAB, R, and Python and can be downloaded from the NOAA National Center for Environmental Information's Paleoclimate Data Archive at https://doi.org/10.25921/yp94-v135 (Walter et al., 2022).
description: This file provides a summary of the data contained in the PAGES CoralHydro2k database. This is a coral d18O and Sr/Ca database with corals from the Common Era. Most data in the database covers the 1800s to the late 1990s. Individual records reach further back in time. Records are sorted into "groups" (coreGroup) based on the availability of paired d18O-Sr/Ca data, the time period covered, and the temporal resolution of the proxy data. Current Version: 1.0.0
DOI: 10.25921/y8n8-3p06
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Peltier - Southwest Ecological Memory Project Site P1 - PIED - ITRDB AZ613

description: Trees are long-lived organisms that integrate climate conditions across years or decades to produce secondary growth. This integration process is sometimes referred to as 'climatic memory.' While widely perceived, the physiological processes underlying this temporal integration, such as the storage and remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), are rarely explicitly studied. This is perhaps most apparent when considering drought legacies (perturbed post-drought growth responses to climate), and the physiological mechanisms underlying these lagged responses to climatic extremes. Yet, drought legacies are likely to become more common if warming climate brings more frequent drought. To quantify the linkages between drought legacies, climate memory and NSC, we measured tree growth (via tree ring widths) and NSC concentrations in three dominant species across the southwestern USA. We analyzed these data with a hierarchical mixed effects model to evaluate the time-scales of influence of past climate (memory) on tree growth. We then evaluated the role of climate memory and the degree to which variation in NSC concentrations were related to forward-predicted growth during the hot 2011-2012 drought and subsequent 4-year recovery period. Populus tremuloides exhibited longer climatic memory compared to either Pinus edulis or Juniperus osteosperma, but following the 2011-2012 drought, P. tremuloides trees with relatively longer memory of temperature conditions showed larger (more negative) drought legacies. Conversely, Pinus edulis trees with longer temperature memory had smaller (less negative) drought legacies. For both species, higher NSC concentrations followed more negative (larger) drought legacies, though the relevant NSC fraction differed between P. tremuloides and P. edulis. Our results suggest that differences in tree NSC are also imprinted upon tree growth responses to climate across long time scales, which also underlie tree resilience to increasingly frequent drought events under climate change.
description: These tree ring data were collected to assess the climate memory of tree growth around the southwestern US in "ecologically sampled" trees. Trees were from a range of size classes and vigors, but were all dominant or co-dominant. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/ysrg-0763
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Saladyga fire data from Short Mountain, Appalachian Ridge and Valley - IMPD USSM-002

description: Tree-ring reconstructions of past fire activity provide context for forest management and restoration plans. Our primary objective in this study was to develop a new fire history in the Potomac Highlands of West Virginia where published reconstructions are particularly sparse, but efforts to develop prescribed fire plans are on the rise. We produced a 293-year (1727–2019) post-settlement fire history from 57 yellow pine (P. pungens, P. rigida, and P. virginiana) trees spread across five topographically diverse sites on Short Mountain in Hampshire County. The filtered composite mean fire interval was 7–15 years at individual sites, while a landscape-scale analysis indicates that fire frequency did not change over nearly 160 years (1855–2011). Fires, however, were significantly less extensive during the “exclusion era” (post 1930). No conclusive relationships between drought and fire were identified, although the most extensive fire year (1930) was uniquely dry. These findings complement existing regional fire histories and provide a new context for the application of prescribed fire in the Potomac Highlands.
description: Sample Storage Location: Environmental Geography Lab, Concord University, Athens, West Virginia
Dating Method: Crossdated
Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable

Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/ussm-002.fhx
along with associated metadata, including links to supplemental information files and Fire History Graphs, at:
  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/ussm-002-noaa.txt

Fire History Graphs: Fire History Graphs illustrate specific years when fires occurred and how many trees were scarred. They are available in both PDF and PNG formats. The graphs consist of 2 parts, both of which show the X axis (time line) at the bottom with the earliest year of information on the left and the latest on the right. The Fire Index Plot is the topmost plot, and shows two variables: sample depth (the number of recording trees in each year) as a blue line along the left Y axis, compared with the percent trees scarred shown as gray bars along the right Y axis. Below, the Fire Chronology Plot consists of horizontal lines representing injuries by year on individual sampled trees. Symbols are overlain that denote the years containing the dendrochronologically-dated fire scars or injuries. The sample ID of each tree is displayed to the right of each line. The Composite Axis below represents the composite information from all individual series. The symbols used to represent the fire scars or injuries, and the filters used to determine the composite information, are shown in the legend. These graphs were created using the Fire History Analysis and Exploration System (FHAES). See https://www.fhaes.org/ for more information.