DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zpc866tks
title: Data from: Genetic diversity and population structure of the Taigan dog breed

description: The Taigan is an ancient sighthound breed native to the Tien Shan
 Mountains in Kyrgyzstan and adapted to hunting at high altitudes and in
 rough terrain. Previous studies have provided insights into its
 phylogenetic relationships, but more data are needed to determine whether
 the Taigan is genetically distinct from  related sighthounds. In
 this study, we conducted a comprehensive genetic analysis using short
 tandem repeat (STR) markers and high-density single nucleotide
 polymorphism (SNP) array data to assess genetic diversity, population
 structure, and differentiation from other sighthound breeds. The analysis
 showed high polymorphism and an excess of heterozygosity (F = -0.013),
 indicating a balanced genetic structure. Bayesian clustering identified
 five genetic clusters among the Taigans, with no dominant lineage,
 suggesting a diverse gene pool. PCA and ADMIXTURE assigned the Taigan to
 the eastern sighthound group, closely clustered with the Kazakh Tazy. Fst
 analysis identified 95 significant variants between the Taigan and the
 Kazakh Tazy. Functional annotation revealed enrichment in three signaling
 pathways: axon guidance, ABC transporter and basal cell carcinoma,
 indicating genetic differences related to neuronal development,
 detoxification and epidemal adaptation. These results provide new insights
 into the genetic traits of the Taigan and suggest that despite its close
 relationship with the Kazakh Tazy and Afghan Hound, selection pressure,
 geographic isolation and historical breeding practices may have
 contributed to its differentiation. Further studies with larger data sets
 are needed to determine the genetic divergence between the Taigan and the
 Kazakh Tazy.
description: # Data from: Genetic diversity and population structure of the Taigan dog
 breed Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.zpc866tks](10.5061/dryad.zpc866tks) ##
 Description of the data and file structure The data was collected as part
 of an experimental effort to investigate the genetic diversity and
 structure of Taigan dogs. SNP whole-genome genotyping was performed using
 the CanineHD Genotyping BeadChip, and SNP analysis was conducted to
 compare Taigans with other sighthound breeds. ### Files and variables ####
 File: taigan_only.bim **Description:** This file contains variant (SNP)
 information in PLINK binary format.\ **Columns and Variables:** 1. **CHR
 (Chromosome)** – Chromosome number (1-38 for autosomes, X for sex
 chromosome, 0 for unknown). 2. **SNP_ID (SNP Identifier)** – Unique
 identifier for the SNP (e.g., rsID or marker name). 3. **Genetic_Distance
 (cM)** – Distance in centimorgans (often set to 0 if unknown). 4.
 **BP_Position (Base Pair Position)** – Genomic coordinate of the SNP in
 base pairs (bp). 5. **Allele1 (A1, Reference Allele)** – The allele coded
 as the minor/reference allele. 6. **Allele2 (A2, Alternate Allele)** – The
 allele coded as the major/alternate allele. #### File: taigan_only.fam
 **Description:** This file contains sample information for individuals in
 the dataset.\ **Columns and Variables:** 1. **FID (Family ID)** – Family
 identifier (e.g., "Taigan"). 2. **IID (Individual ID)** – Unique
 identifier for each dog (e.g., "TG2", "TG3"). 3. **PID
 (Paternal ID)** – ID of the father (0 if unknown). 4. **MID (Maternal
 ID)** – ID of the mother (0 if unknown). 5. **SEX (Sex Code)** – * `1` =
 Male * `2` = Female * `0` = Unknown 6. **PHENO (Phenotype Code)** – * `1`
 = Unaffected * `2` = Affected * `-9` = Missing phenotype (default in
 PLINK) #### File: taigan_only.bed **Description:** This is the binary
 genotype file that stores genotype data in a compressed PLINK format ##
 Code/software The dataset consists of **PLINK binary format files**
 (`.bed`, `.bim`, `.fam`), which require specialized bioinformatics
 software for processing and analysis. ##### **PLINK** (v1.9 or v2.0) *
 **Description**: PLINK is an open-source whole-genome association analysis
 toolset designed for genetic data. It is used to filter, manipulate, and
 analyze SNP data from genotyping chips. * **Website**:
 [https://www.cog-genomics.org/plink/](https://www.cog-genomics.org/plink/)
 ## Access information Other publicly accessible locations of the data: *
 n/a Data was derived from the following sources: * n/a