DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8j5s7
title: Data from: Cryptic and pseudo-cryptic diversity in the world’s most common bark beetle – Hypothenemus eruditus

description: Hypothenemus eruditus is regarded as the world’s most common bark beetle,
 collected from numerous host plants on all forested continents. Previous
 taxonomic treatments remark that the species is morphologically variable
 and difficult to identify, but to date, no study has analyzed molecular
 data to investigate possible cryptic or seemingly cryptic (pseudo-cryptic)
 diversity in this species. We sequenced 216 specimens matching or closely
 resembling the currently accepted description of H. eruditus for a
 mitochondrial (COI) and a nuclear marker (28S), and scored six
 morphological characters. We also compared the morphology of H. eruditus
 syntypes and type material of 26 synonymized species with the sequenced
 material. The sequenced material grouped in 21 operational taxonomic units
 (OTUs) supported by both molecular and morphological data, 17 of which
 were part of an apparent H. eruditus species complex. Another nine cryptic
 OTUs, distinguishable only by molecular data, were also included in the
 complex. Only one of the OTUs revealed a morphological match with the H.
 eruditus syntypes. The 26 synonymized species were split into 14 tentative
 morphs, 11 of which did not match the H. eruditus syntypes. We argue that
 many of our sequenced OTUs deserve species status, and that many species
 synonymized under H. eruditus should be resurrected.
description: 28S minimum evolution
 matrix and treeMinimum evolution
 analyses of Hypothenemus sp. specimens, using the molecular marker 28S.
 Sequence matrix and resulting tree. Analysis performed in Paup*. Analyses
 implemented evolutionary models (GTR+G+I) as suggested by
 MrModelTest.Hypothenemus 28S minimum
 evolutionCOI full dataset minimum
 evolution matrix and treeMinimum evolution
 analyses of Hypothenemus sp. specimens, using the molecular marker COI
 (mtDNA). Sequence matrix and resulting tree. Analysis performed in Paup*.
 Analyses implemented evolutionary models (GTR+G+I) as suggested by
 MrModelTest.Hypothenemus COI full dataset
 minimum evolutionCOI reduced dataset
 minimum evolution analyses matrix and treeMinimum evolution
 analyses of Hypothenemus sp. specimens, using the molecular marker COI.
 Subset of full dataset, using only specimens also sequenced for 28S.
 Sequence matrix and resulting tree. Analysis performed in Paup*. Analyses
 implemented evolutionary models (GTR+G+I) as suggested by
 MrModelTest.Hypothenemus COI reduced
 dataset minimum evolutionTree from parsimony
 analyses of combined COI and 28S dataTree file for parsimony
 analyses of COI and 28S data combined. Matrix shows included OTUs (one
 specimen representing each OTU in analysis). Analyzed in
 PAUP*.Hypothenemus COI and 28S
 combined parsimony treeTree from bayesian
 analyses of COI and 28S data combinedTree file for bayesian
 analyses of COI and 28S data combined. Matrix shows included OTUs (one
 specimen representing each OTU in analysis). Analyzed in MrBayes Version
 3.2, implementing evolutionary models (GTR+G+I) as suggested by
 MrModelTest.Hypothenemus COI and 28S
 combined bayesian tree