cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cvdncjt2s
title: Morphological traits influence food choice by coexisting New World warbler (Parulidae) species

description: New World wood warblers (Parulidae) represent one of the most dramatic
 adaptive radiations in North America. However, the ecological bases for
 these species’ evolved morphological differences remain poorly understood,
 especially considering how many foraging and habitat studies the family
 has inspired. We hypothesized relationships between morphology and diet in
 parulids. We combined a principal component analysis (PCA) of 18 external
 morphological traits from 11 species with stomach content data from
 coexisting species in one breeding community in Louisiana and three
 wintering communities in Jamaica. The primary morphological differences,
 corresponding with the first three PCA axes, were body size, morphological
 adaptations for aerial foraging versus gleaning, and arboreal versus
 ground adaptations. Our analysis revealed little morphological overlap
 among all 11 species. Diet differences among the bird species showed a
 significant relationship to the first two PCA axes of morphological
 traits. For five coexisting, foliage-gleaning species wintering in
 Jamaican wet limestone forest, larger warblers ate larger beetles and
 Orthopterans but not larger ants. In analyses including all four
 communities, warbler species with aerial foraging morphologies consumed a
 greater proportion of winged insects than other warbler species. Overall,
 our results indicate that food and foraging have likely played an integral
 role in the morphological diversification and coexistence of Parulidae.
description: <strong>Warbler
 Morphology Measurements</strong> Measurements
 of 18 external morphological traits from study skins of 11 species of New
 World wood warblers. See "Readme" for additional information
 (MorphoDataMetadata.txt).
 MorphoData.csv  
 <strong>Warbler Stomach Content
 Measurements</strong> Measurements of
 identifiable arthropod parts found in warbler stomach samples.
 See "Readme" for additional information
 (InsectDataMetadata.txt).
 InsectData.csv  
 <b>Warbler Morphology Measurements and Arthropod
 Numbers</b> Measurements of
 warbler species and numbers of arthropods contained in each bird's
 stomach sample. See "Readme" for additional information
 (Diet_and_Morph_Metadata.txt). 
 Diet_and_Morph.csv
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wz33dz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 752 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Ceratonia siliqua",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 752 records from 137 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002602-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.q9jms8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 7416 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Phoenix dactylifera"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 7416 records from 290 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002601-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.05qfttf1c
title: Informatics and statistics for: Stable coexistence or competitive exclusion? Fern endophytes demonstrate rapid turnover favoring a dominant fungus

description: Fungal endophytes are critical members of the plant microbiome, but their
 community dynamics throughout an entire growing season are underexplored.
 Additionally, most fungal endophyte research has centered on
 seed-reproducing hosts, while spore-reproducing plants spend a significant
 proportion of their lifecycle in a haploid state and may filter
 vertically-transmitted fungi. In order to examine annual fungal endophyte
 community dynamics in a spore-reproducing host, we examined endophytes in
 a single population of ferns, Polystichum munitum, in the Pacific
 Northwest. Through culture-independent sequencing, we characterized the
 community assembly and temporal turnover of foliar endophytes throughout a
 growing season. From these results, we selected endophytes with outsized
 representations in sequence data and performed in vitro competition
 assays. Finally, we inoculated sterile fern gametophytes with dominant
 fungi observed in the field and determined their effects on host
 performance. Sequencing demonstrated that ferns were colonized by a
 diverse community of fungal endophytes in newly-emerged tissue, but
 diversity decreased throughout the season leading to the preponderance of
 a single fungus in later sampling months. This previously-undescribed
 endophyte appears to form specialized associations with the fern. While
 competition assays on a variety of media types failed to demonstrate that
 the dominant fungus was competitive against other fungi isolated from the
 same hosts, inoculation onto sterile fern gametophytes resulted in
 increased host growth suggesting mutualistic effects. When considering the
 potential for other fungi to act antagonistically on ferns in nature, the
 presence of this fungus may drive host success within the study site and
 possibly throughout its growing range.
description: Catenasporaceae, endophyte competition, fern gametophyte, fungal
 endophyte, priority effects, temporal turnover
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.83bk3j9pv
title: Cross-sectional study of Facebook addiction in a sample of Nepalese population

description: Background: Facebook addiction is said to occur when an individual spends
 an excessive amount of time on Facebook, disrupting one’s daily activities
 and social life. The present study aimed to find out the level of Facebook
 addiction in the Nepalese context and briefly discuss the crimes
 associated with its unintended use. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional
 study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine of Lumbini
 Medical College. The study instrument was the Bergen Facebook Addiction
 Scale typed into a Google Form and sent randomly to Facebook contacts of
 the authors. The responses were downloaded in a Microsoft Excel
 spreadsheet and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences
 version 16. Results: The study consisted of 103 Nepalese participants, of
 which 54 (52.42%) were males and 49 females (47.58%). There were 11
 participants (10.68%) who had more than one Facebook account. When
 different approaches were applied it was observed that 8.73% (n=9) to
 39.80% (n=41) were addicted to Facebook. Conclusion: When used properly
 Facebook has its own advantages. Excessive use is linked with health
 hazards including addiction and dependency. Students who engage more on
 Facebook will have less time studying leading to poor academic
 performance.People need to be made aware of the issues associated with the
 misuse of Facebook
description: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Department
 of Forensic Medicine of Lumbini Medical College after obtaining ethical
 approval from the Institutional Review Committee vide the letter IRC-LMC
 01-G/019. The Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) is
 a questionnaire that comprises of six core features of addiction:
 salience, mood modification, tolerance, withdrawal, conflict, and
 relapse.<sup>1</sup> Each
 of the six-core features consists of three questions, making a total of 18
 questions. The final BFAS retained one question for each core element of
 addiction. Only the scores for questions 1, 5, 7, 11, 13 and 16 determine
 the level of Facebook addiction. Each question is scored on a 5-point
 Likert scale using anchors of 1: Very rarely and 5: Very often. Higher
 scores indicate greater Facebook addiction. Participants scoring 4 (often) or
 5 (very often) in four out of six questions were considered to be addicted
 to Facebook. BASF has put forth two scoring schemes to determine Facebook
 addiction. As per a polythetic scoring scheme, Facebook addiction was
 determined by a liberal approach, where a score of 3 or more was observed
 in at least four of six items; whereas using a conservative approach, a
 score of 3 or above in all six items determined Facebook addiction by a
 monothetic scoring scheme. References:
 1. Andreassen CS, Torsheim T, Brunborg GS, Pallensen S.
 Development of a facebook addiction scale. Psychol Rep.
 2012;110:501-17.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j6q573nc3
title: Validation of the AD dementia conversion-related pattern as an ATN biomarker of neurodegeneration: Supplemental material

description: Objective: To determine whether the Alzheimer’s disease dementia
 conversion-related pattern (ADCRP) on [18F]FDG PET can serve as a valid
 predictor for the development of Alzheimer’s disease dementia, the
 individual expression of the ADCRP (subject score) and its prognostic
 value were examined in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and
 biologically defined Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: 269 subjects with
 available [18F]FDG PET, [18F]AV-45 PET, phosphorylated and total tau in
 CSF, and neurofilament light chain in plasma were included. Following the
 AT(N) classification scheme, where Alzheimer’s disease is defined
 biologically by in vivo biomarkers of Aβ deposition (“A”) and pathological
 tau (“T”), subjects were categorized to the A-T-, A+T-, A+T+ (Alzheimer’s
 disease), and A-T+ groups. Results: The mean subject score of the ADCRP
 was significantly higher in the A+T+ group compared to each of the other
 group (all p &lt; 0.05) but was similar among the
 latter (all p &gt; 0.1). Within the A+T+ group, the subject score of
 ADCRP was a significant predictor of conversion to dementia
 (HR = 2.02 per z-score increase,
 p &lt; 0.001), with higher predictive value than of
 alternative biomarkers of neurodegeneration (total tau and neurofilament
 light chain). Stratification of A+T+ subjects by the subject score of
 ADCRP yielded well-separated groups of high, medium, and low conversion
 risks. Conclusions: The ADCRP is a valuable biomarker of neurodegeneration
 in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and biologically defined
 Alzheimer’s disease. It shows great potential for stratifying the risk and
 estimating the time to conversion to dementia in subjects with mild
 cognitive impairment and underlying Alzheimer’s disease (A+T+).
 Classification of Evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that
 [18F]FDG PET predicts the development of AD dementia in individuals with
 MCI and underlying AD as defined by the AT(N) framework.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vmcvdncr5
title: Sex-specific intergenerational plasticity I: maternal and paternal effects on sons and daughters

description: 1. Intergenerational plasticity or parental effects – when parental
 environments alter the phenotype of future generations – can influence how
 organisms cope with environmental change. An intriguing, underexplored
 possibility is that sex –of both the parent and the offspring – plays an
 important role in driving the evolution of intergenerational plasticity in
 both adaptive and nonadaptive ways. 2. Here, we evaluate the potential for
 sex-specific parental effects in a freshwater population of threespined
 sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) by independently and jointly
 manipulating maternal and paternal experiences and separately evaluating
 their phenotypic effects in sons versus daughters. We tested the adaptive
 hypothesis that daughters are more responsive to cues from their mother,
 while sons are more responsive to cues from their father. 3. We exposed
 mothers, fathers, or both parents to visual cues of predation risk and
 measured offspring antipredator traits and brain gene expression. 4.
 Predator-exposed fathers produced sons that were more risk-prone, while
 predator-exposed mothers produced more anxious sons and daughters.
 Further, maternal and paternal effects on offspring survival were
 nonadditive: offspring with a predator-exposed father, but not two
 predator-exposed parents, had lower survival against live predators. There
 were also strong sex-specific effects on brain gene expression: exposing
 mothers versus fathers to predation risk activated different
 transcriptional profiles in their offspring, and sons and daughters
 strongly differed in the ways in which their brain gene expression
 profiles were influenced by parental experience. 5. We found little
 evidence to support the hypothesis that offspring prioritize their
 same-sex parent’s experience. Parental effects varied with both the sex of
 the parent and the offspring in complicated and nonadditive ways. Failing
 to account for these sex-specific patterns (e.g., by pooling sons and
 daughters) would have underestimated the magnitude of parental effects.
 Altogether, these results draw attention to the potential for sex to
 influence patterns of intergenerational plasticity and raise new questions
 about the interface between intergenerational plasticity and sex-specific
 selective pressures, sexual conflict, and sexual selection. 
description: Scototaxis and behavioral assay data were collected live and
 transcribed into Excel files. Opercular beat data and predation assay
 results were determined from video recordings. 
description: Missing values are input as NAs.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.brv15dv7x
title: Preconception alcohol exposure increases the susceptibility to diabetes in the offspring

description: Preconception alcohol exposure in mothers has recently been shown to
 increase stress responses and anxiety behaviors in their offspring during
 the adult period. One hypothesis is that alcohol-induced genetic
 modifications in germ cells of the mother could have been transmitted to
 the offspring to manifest the endophenotypes. In this study, transcriptome
 analysis of germ cells of female rats given binge-like alcohol identified
 altered stress gene regulation networks involving glucose metabolism and
 diabetes mellitus. Endocrine tests involving oral glucose tolerance,
 glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and insulin tolerance in the male
 and female offspring of mothers given binge-like alcohol during the
 preconception period showed significant hyperglycemia and hypoinsulinemia.
 These offspring also showed increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and
 cellular apoptosis in the pancreas and altered insulin production and
 action on glucose metabolism, particularly insulin signaling molecules, in
 the liver. These animals, when subjected to a high-fat diet and
 streptozotocin injection for induction of type 2 diabetes, showed a higher
 response than control offspring. Preconception alcohol exposed offspring
 also showed reduced number of stress and glucose regulatory
 proopiomelanocortin (POMC) producing neurons in the hypothalamus,
 Replenishment of POMC neurons in the hypothalamus of these animals
 normalized glucose homeostasis and reduced the susceptibility to diabetes.
 These data suggest that preconception alcohol exposures alter glucose
 homeostasis and increase the susceptibility to diabetes by inducing POMC
 neuronal functional abnormalities, increasing pancreatic inflammation, and
 consequently lowering insulin production and action.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h44j0zphp
title: A comparative analysis of the photoprotection hypothesis for the evolution of autumn colors

description: The adaptive value of autumn colors – the seasonal
 production of red anthocyanins observed in many species
 of trees and shrubs – is still debated. According to the
 photoprotection hypothesis, anthocyanins protect leaves from
 photoinhibition and photooxidation at low temperatures, enabling the tree
 to reabsorb nutrients more efficiently before leaf fall. Hence, the
 hypothesis predicts that autumn colors are more likely to evolve in
 species growing in colder environments. We tested this prediction by
 comparing the climatic parameters of 237 North American tree
 species. We found that, while species with yellow autumn leaves grow under
 lower minimum temperatures than species with green leaves, there is no
 significant difference in temperaturebetween species with red
 autumn leaves and species with green or yellow autumn leaves. We conclude
 that, while reabsorbing chlorophyll in autumn, and the consequent
 unmasking of yellow carotenoids, may be an adaptation to cold
 temperatures, the production of red anthocyanins is not. Hence, our
 inter-specific comparative analysis does not support the photoprotection
 hypothesis as an explanation for the evolution of autumn
 colors.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwkz
title: Short-term resistance that persists: Rapidly induced silicon anti-herbivore defence affects carbon-based plant defences

description: 1. Silicon (Si) is known to alleviate diverse biotic and abiotic stresses
 including insect herbivory. Si accumulation in plants, notably the
 Poaceae, can be induced through stimulation of the jasmonic acid (JA)
 pathway (associated with chewing herbivores). Nevertheless, the temporal
 dynamics of Si accumulation as a defence response and its consequential
 effects on carbon-based defences (e.g. phenolics), particularly in the
 short-term, remain unclear. 2. The model grass Brachypodium distachyon was
 grown in a hydroponic solution where half the plants were supplemented
 with 2 mM potassium silicate and half had no Si supplied. Plants were
 treated with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as a form of standardised simulated
 herbivory. We measured Si accumulation, the phytohormones JA and salicylic
 acid (SA), and carbon-based defences over 24 hours to determine the
 temporal dynamics of Si accumulation and the interplay between Si,
 simulated herbivory and plant defence machinery. 3. MeJA-induced Si
 accumulation occurred as early as 6 hours after treatment via increased JA
 concentrations. Si supplementation decreased SA concentrations, which
 could have implications on additional downstream defences. We show a
 trade-off between Si and phenolics in untreated plants, but this
 relationship was weakened upon MeJA treatment. Further, this trade-off did
 not apply to phenolic precursor compounds such as phenylalanine. 4. We
 provide evidence for rapidly induced Si accumulation associated with
 herbivory, and that increased Si accumulation impacts on phytohormones and
 carbon-based defences over a 24-hour period. Additionally, herbivory
 modifies the relationship between Si- and carbon-based defences. Thus, in
 addition to its well-documented role as a long-term defence against
 herbivores, we demonstrate that, over short-term temporal scales, Si
 accumulation responds to herbivore signals and impacts on plant defence
 machinery.
description: Data associated with this publication:
 Waterman, J.M., Hall, C.R., Mikhael, M., Cazzonelli, C.I.,
 Hartley, S.E., Johnson, S.N. (2020). <br> Short-term resistance that
 persists: Rapidly induced silicon anti-herbivore defence affects
 carbon-based plant defences. Functional Ecology.
 File: Watermanetal_2020_alldata.xlsx
 File description: Fig1A - plant silicon
 measurements (%).<br> Fig 1B - sqrt JA concentrations (ng/mg) and
 plant silicon measurements (%).<br> Fig 2 A and B - sqrt JA
 concentrations (ng/mg) and SA concentrations (ng/mg).<br> Fig 3 A
 and B - plant silicon measurements (%) and SA concentrations
 (ng/mg).<br> Fig 4A - total phenolics (mg/g).<br> Fig 4B -
 phenylalanine conc. (umol/g).<br> Fig 4C - total phenolics (mg/g)
 and plant silicon measurements (%).<br> FIg 4D - total phenolics
 (mg/g) and phenylalanine conc. (umol/g).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pc866t1mh
title: The evolution of insect Metallothioneins

description: Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of cysteine-rich metal-binding
 proteins that are important in the chelating and detoxification of toxic
 heavy metals. Until now, the short length and the low sequence complexity
 of MTs has hindered the inference of robust phylogenies, hampering the
 study of their evolution. To address this longstanding question, we
 applied an iterative BLAST search pipeline that allowed us to build a
 unique dataset of more than 300 MT sequences in insects. By combining
 phylogenetics and synteny analysis, we reconstructed the evolutionary
 history of MTs in insects. We show that the MT content in insects has been
 shaped by lineage-specific tandem duplications from a single ancestral MT.
 Strikingly, we also uncovered a sixth MT, MtnF, in the model organism
 Drosophila melanogaster. MtnF evolves faster than other MTs and is
 characterized by a non-canonical length and higher cysteine content. Our
 methodological framework not only paves the way for future studies on
 heavy metal detoxification but can also allow us to identify other
 previously unidentified genes and other low complexity genomic features.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zgmsbcc8t
title: Colony-level mechanisms of thermal tolerance regulation in the ant Ectatomma ruidum

description: 1. Insects spend energy to function in high temperature environments, and
 because social insects employ a division of labor, it is likely that
 thermal tolerance varies among individuals in the colony, based on the
 tasks that they perform. 2. Foraging workers of the ant Neotropical
 ant Ectatomma ruidum are known to show temporal
 differences in thermal tolerance, with greater tolerance in hot
 afternoons, relative to cool mornings. 3. We developed three hypotheses
 that can account for temporal differences in thermal tolerance among
 workers: Thermal Acclimation, Division of Labor, and Circadian Rhythm. 4.
 We tested these hypotheses with a pair of experiments that involved the
 measurement of thermal persistence of ants at a constant temperature in
 time-to-failure assays. The first experiment compared ants with different
 behavioral roles in colonies, and the second compared colonies subjected
 to thermal manipulations, then iteratively sampled at daily thermal maxima
 and minima. 5. We found robust support for the Circadian Rhythm and
 Thermal Acclimation Hypotheses, and little support for the Division of
 Labor Hypothesis. Colonies of this species integrate multiple mechanisms
 of adapting to thermal challenges including time of day, ambient
 temperature, and the behavioral context of individual workers.
description: This is the raw dataset, transcribed from field notebooks,
 including replicates of some pilot experiments that were not included in
 the final analyses. Any processing of data took place in the code for the
 R analysis file, which is also uploaded.