cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48443/jgnc-1t98
title: Soil microbe biomass (DP1.10104.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled laboratory data and metadata for microbial biomass derived from soil microbial sampling. Microbial biomass is measured by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, in which a set of microbial lipid biomarkers is extracted and quantified using either Gas Chromatography (GC) or Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GS-MS).  The results are provided as the quantities of individual microbial lipids as well as the total of all measured phospholipids within a sample. Depending on the table, results are provided scaled to the recovery of an internal standard, or in unscaled form and must be corrected by the user. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

sme_batchResults:  30

sme_labSummary:  14

sme_microbialBiomass:  240

sme_scaledMicrobialBiomass: 240
description: Soil sampling occurs 1-3 times per year depending on length of growing season, with each site always sampled during the historic peak in vegetation greenness. Three pre-determined, randomly assigned locations are selected for each sampling event within each of 10 plots distributed throughout a site; sampling locations within a plot are not re-sampled. Soil samples are collected to a maximum depth of 30 cm, with organic and mineral soils sampled separately. The same samples are used for measurement of soil physical and chemical properties to maintain temporal and spatial connectivity. Subsamples of homogenized soil are either sieved (mineral soils), or picked of coarse debris such as rocks, roots and fresh organic material (organic soils) and 5-10g are transferred to cryo-safe vials. The samples are frozen and shipped on dry ice to an analytical facility, where freeze-drying, PLFA extraction and GC analysis are performed. Laboratory data are passed through the NEON automated ingest process, undergo additional QAQC testing, and quality-checked data are published on the NEON data portal. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/xen6-2669
title: Soil microbe metagenome sequences (DP1.10107.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Abstract: This data product contains the quality-controlled laboratory metadata and minimally processed sequence data from NEON's soil microbial shotgun metagenomics sequencing. Typically, measurements are done on plot-level composite samples and represent up to three randomly selected sampling locations within a plot. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage. Queries for the basic data product package will return metadata tables that include laboratory methods and results from DNA extraction, sample preparation, and DNA sequencing for samples from the specified sites and within the specified date range. Queries for the expanded package will also include a table containing links to the raw sequence data files.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

mms_metagenomeDnaExtraction:  240

mms_metagenomeSequencing:  240

mms_rawDataFiles: 240
description: Three pre-determined, randomly assigned locations are selected for each sampling event within each of 10 plots distributed throughout a site; sampling locations within a plot are not re-sampled. Soil metagenomics sampling occurs annually during the historic peak in vegetation greenness. Soil samples are collected to a maximum depth of 30 cm, with organic and mineral soils sampled separately. Subsamples of homogenized soil (rocks, roots and organic debris removed) from each of the 3 sampling locations are combined to form a plot-level composite sample that is used for metagenomics analysis. Samples are frozen on dry ice and shipped to an analytical facility for DNA extraction, sample preparation and shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Laboratory metadata are then delivered to NEON for QC testing and acceptance, and then are formatted for upload to public sequence repositories. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/sz1g-9750
title: Soil microbe marker gene sequences (DP1.10108.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled laboratory metadata and 16S and ITS marker gene sequences derived from NEON's soil microbial sampling. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Queries for the basic data product package will return metadata tables that include laboratory methods and DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing metadata for samples from the queried sites and date range. Queries for the expanded package will also include a table containing links to the raw sequence data files, which can be used to download the sequences from the NEON data portal. 

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

mmg_soilDnaExtraction:  240

mmg\_soilMarkerGeneSequencing\_16S:  240

mmg\_soilMarkerGeneSequencing\_ITS:  240

mmg\_soilPcrAmplification\_16S:  240

mmg\_soilPcrAmplification\_ITS:  240

mmg_soilRawDataFiles: 240
description: Soil sampling occurs annually at a minimum of one site per domain and once (sites with short growing seasons) to three times per year (sites with longer growing seasons), with collections ocurring at every sampled site during the historic peak in vegetation greenness. Three pre-determined, randomly assigned locations are selected for each sampling event within each of 10 plots distributed throughout a site; sampling locations within a plot are not re-sampled. Soil samples are collected to a maximum depth of 30 cm, with organic and mineral soils sampled separately. The same samples are used for measurement of soil physical and chemical properties to maintain temporal and spatial connectivity. Subsamples of homogenized soil (rocks, roots and organic debris removed) from each of the three sampling locations are stored in sterile containers, frozen on dry ice in the field and shipped to an analytical facility for DNA extraction, sample preparation and high-throughput sequence analysis using primer sets targeting the small subunit of the ribosomal RNA gene operon. Laboratory metadata are passed through the NEON automated ingest process for QC testing and are published on the NEON data portal. DNA sequence data undergo QC testing and unique URLs are generated to enable data download. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/z72q-0e87
title: Soil microbe group abundances (DP1.10109.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled laboratory data and metadata for NEON's soil bacterial, archaeal, and fungal group abundances analysis, which are derived from soil microbial sampling. Group abundances are quantified via qPCR on frozen, field-collected soils. For additional details, see protocol [NEON.DOC.014048](http://data.neonscience.org/api/v0/documents/NEON.DOC.014048vJ): TOS Protocol and Procedure for Soil Biogeochemical and Microbial Sampling; and science design [NEON.DOC.000908](http://data.neonscience.org/api/v0/documents/NEON.DOC.000908vB): TOS Science Design for Terrestrial Microbial Diversity.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

mga_batchResults:  14

mga_labSummary:  14

mga_soilGroupAbundances:  240
description: This data product was discontinued as of June 2020. Three predetermined, randomly assigned locations are selected for each sampling event within each of 10 plots distributed throughout a site; sampling locations within a plot are not re-sampled. Soil sampling occurs once (sites with short growing seasons) to three times a year (sites with longer growing seasons), with all sites sampled during the historic peak in vegetation greenness. Soil samples are collected to a maximum depth of 30 cm, with organic and mineral soils sampled separately. Subsamples of homogenized soil (rocks, roots and organic debris removed) from each of the 3 sampling locations are stored in sterile containers, frozen on dry ice in the field and shipped to an analytical facility for DNA extraction, sample preparation and qPCR analysis uses primer sets targeting the small subunit of the ribosomal RNA gene. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/af3c-5w64
title: Site management and event reporting (DP1.10111.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: This data product contains records of land management activities, disturbances, and other incidents of ecological note within all NEON sites. Records are reported about management activities and disturbances that have the potential to impact or affect data products across all NEON data-generating systems (TIS, TOS, AIS, AOS, and AOP) that are not collected as part of existing data product protocols. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency: The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

sim_eventData: 60
description: Site management activity and disturbance reporting occurs at the time NEON staff are aware of the planned or unplanned event, either through direct observation during normal scheduled site visits or secondary reports from landowners, site hosts, and other reliable sources. For planned events, reporting is expected to occur only after the management activity has been started. For unplanned events, data recording takes place as soon as the disturbance is observed as well as when it is safe to assess the scale and intensity of the impact. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/aym4-6h05
title: Barometric pressure above water on-buoy (DP1.20004.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Barometric pressure on buoys is measured every minute and is reported as 1-minute instantaneous measurements and 30-minute mean values. Other than the data collection frequency, this data product has the same data streams and processing as barometric pressure measured at aquatic met stations.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The buoys are comprised of sensor sets which measure meteorological parameters over a water surface along with submerged sensors that measure physical and chemical parameters of the water body. Some of these sensors are unique to the buoy subsystem and others are shared with other NEON subsystems, such as the wadeable stream sensor sets or terrestrial towers. Due to power, space, and data storage constraints on the buoy, the configuration of sensors deployed on a buoy may be different than those in other parts of NEON. Instrumentation: Vaisala - BAROCAP Digital Barometer PTB330
DOI: 10.48443/wtj2-1738
title: Specific conductivity of surface water (DP1.20008.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Specific conductance in surface water is measured once per minute at all NEON lake littoral locations and select wadeable stream sites. This data product contains continuous, quality-controlled, surface water specific conductivity. This data product is available as 5-minute and 30-minute averages.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: Aqua TROLL 200 vented pressure transducers measures specific conductivity, temperature(DP1.20054), and pressure, which is converted to elevation of surface water (DP1.20016). In lakes, the transducers are collocated with sensors that measure photosynthetically active radiation below the water surface (DP1.20261). The in-stream transducers are collocated with the instream sensor sets that house water quality sensors (DP1.20288), nitrate sensors (DP1.20033), and (PRT) platinum resistance thermometers (DP1.20053). NEON pressure transducer sensors are switched to logging mode at Toolik Lake (TOOK) and Oksrukuyik Creek (OKSR) during ice-on periods due to low power availability and data is manually retrieved from the sensors at ice-off. Instrumentation: In-Situ, inc. - Aqua TROLL 200
DOI: 10.48443/kwmk-zk12
title: Specific conductivity in groundwater (DP1.20015.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Specific conductance is a proxy for the level of total dissolved solids of the groundwater as well as related to the redox potential. Conductivity may also be used as a tracer of distinct water masses for understanding flow. NEON measures of groundwater conductivity at high temporal resolution.  Up to eight wells (and as low as three) are available per aquatic site.  From NEON groundwater elevation measurements, the magnitude and direction of groundwater flow can be calculated, which may be coupled to better understand the exchange between groundwater and surface water. This data product includes continuous quality-controlled groundwater specific conductivity captured every 5 minutes and reported as 5-minute instantaneous measurements and 30-minute averages.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: Multiple groundwater wells per aquatic site are installed in triangular arrays where local features allow. Specific conductance of groundwater is measured in an site-specific array designed to capture shallow groundwater flow and exchange with the surface water feature at the site. Instrumentation: In-Situ, inc. - Aqua TROLL 200
DOI: 10.48443/smw8-sp63
title: Elevation of surface water (DP1.20016.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Surface water elevation is controlled by precipitation at both the landscape and channel scales, overland flow, interflow and groundwater flow. It is correlated to discharge and is critical to understanding how water moves through the environment, carrying nutrients and sediment, modulating aquatic ecosystem structure and function. This data product contains continuous, quality-controlled, surface water depth converted to elevation above mean sea level. Measurements are taken once per minute and reported as 1-minute instantaneous data and 5 and 30-minute averages.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: Elevation of surface water will be used to provide continuous discharge measurements in wadeable streams, rivers and lakes where flowing inlet and outlet streams are present. Pressure transducers will be placed at both the upstream and downstream sensor stations in wadeable streams, at a single station in rivers and at the inlet and outlet locations of lake sites. Instrumentation: In-Situ, Inc. - Level TROLL 500
DOI: 10.48443/ybbr-8w08
title: Shortwave and longwave radiation above water on-buoy (net radiometer) (DP1.20032.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Net shortwave and longwave radiation on buoys is measured every minute and is reported as 1-minute instantaneous measurements and 30-minute mean values. Other than the data collection frequency, this data product has the same data streams and processing as net radiation at aquatic met stations and on the terrestrial instrument towers.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The buoys are comprised of sensor sets which measure meteorological parameters over a water surface along with submerged sensors that measure physical and chemical parameters of the water body. Some of these sensors are unique to the buoy subsystem and others are shared with other NEON subsystems, such as the wadeable stream sensor sets or terrestrial towers. Due to power, space, and data storage constraints on the buoy, the configuration of sensors deployed on a buoy may be different than those in other parts of NEON. Instrumentation: Hukseflux NR01 Net Radiometer
DOI: 10.48443/wwa3-p420
title: Nitrate in surface water (DP1.20033.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Nitrate is measured using an optical sensor at the downstream (S2) sensor station in streams and on the buoy at lake and river sites. It is reported as a mean value from 20 measurements made during a sampling burst every 15 minutes. Some older data may have been processed as the mean value from 50 measurements, but as of late 2018, the algorithm was updated to 20 measurements and older data will eventually be re-processed to use 20 measurements.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The stream sensor stations measure PAR at water surface, water level, temperature, water quality, and at downstream stations, nitrate. The buoys are comprised of sensor sets which measure meteorological parameters over a water surface along with submerged sensors that measure physical and chemical parameters of the water. Some of these sensors are unique to the buoy subsystem and others are shared with other NEON subsystems, such as the wadeable stream sensor sets or terrestrial towers. Due to power, space, and data storage constraints on the buoy, the configuration of sensors deployed on a buoy may be different than those in other parts of NEON. Instrumentation: Seabird - SUNA V2 UV nitrate sensor
DOI: 10.48443/rerd-cr90
title: Photosynthetically active radiation at water surface (DP1.20042.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Photosynthetically active radiation at water surface is measured at 1 Hz at stream sensor sets and twice per minute on buoys at lake and river sites. It is reported as 1-minute mean measurements and 30-minute mean values.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The stream sensor sets measure PAR at water surface, water level and temperature, and water quality. Downstream sensors also measure nitrate. The buoys are comprised of sensor sets which measure meteorological parameters over a water surface along with submerged sensors that measure physical and chemical parameters of the water body. Some of these sensors are unique to the buoy subsystem and others are shared with other NEON subsystems, such as the wadeable stream sensor sets or terrestrial towers. Due to power, space, and data storage constraints on the buoy, the configuration of sensors deployed on a buoy may be different than those in other parts of NEON. Instrumentation: Kipp & Zonen - PQS1
DOI: 10.48443/0cm0-gh54
title: Temperature (PRT) in surface water (DP1.20053.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: This data product contains quality-controlled continuous surface water temperature readings from a sensor within each of NEON's wade-able stream sensor sets.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: Surface water temperature is measured using a platinum resistance thermometer that acquires resistance readings at 1 Hz. NEON coverts the raw resistance data product into temperature and reports at 1 minute intervals. Instrumentation: Thermometrics -- R032-00000048
DOI: 10.48443/tp3q-yc71
title: Temperature (digital thermistor) of surface water (DP1.20054.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Temperature in surface water is measured using a digital thermistor at all NEON lake littoral locations, rivers, and wadeable stream sites.  This data product contains continuous, quality-controlled, surface water temperature. Measurements are recorded once per minute and reported as 5-minute and 30-minute averages.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: In streams and rivers, Level TROLL 500 vented pressure transducers measure temperature and pressure, which is converted to elevation of surface water (DP1.20016). 
Aqua TROLL 200 vented pressure transducers are located at lake littoral locations, the Toolik Lake (TOOK) inflow and outflow,  Oksrukuyik Creek (OKSR), and Caribou Creek (CARI). The Aqua TROLL 200s measure specific conductivity (DP1.20008) in addition to pressure and temperature. 

The instream pressure transducers are collocated with the instream sensor sets that house water quality sensors (DP1.20288), nitrate sensors (DP1.20033), (PAR) incoming photosynthetically active radiation sensors, and (PRT) platinum resistance thermometers (DP1.20053). River transducers are collocated with incoming PAR sensors, and the lake transducers are collocated with littoral sensors that measure photosynthetically active radiation below the water surface (DP1.20261). NEON pressure transducer sensors are switched to logging mode at Toolik Lake (TOOK) and Oksrukuyik Creek (OKSR) during ice-on periods due to low power availability and data is manually retrieved from the sensors at ice-off. Instrumentation: In-Situ, inc. - Aqua TROLL 200; In-Situ, Inc. - Level TROLL 500
DOI: 10.48443/w72m-nx46
title: Windspeed and direction above water on-buoy (DP1.20059.001)
title: RELEASE-2025

description: Wind speed and direction on buoys are measured 11 times per minute and reported as 2- and 30-minute mean values. The buoy wind sensor, and therefore data processing, is different than other wind sensors at aquatic met stations and on the terrestrial tower.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The buoys are comprised of sensor sets which measure meteorological parameters over a water surface along with submerged sensors that measure physical and chemical parameters of the water body. Some of these sensors are unique to the buoy subsystem and others are shared with other NEON subsystems, such as the wadeable stream sensor sets or terrestrial towers. Due to power, space, and data storage constraints on the buoy, the configuration of sensors deployed on a buoy may be different than those in other parts of NEON. Instrumentation: RM Young 05108-45 Wind Monitor-HD Alpine; Honeywell HMR 3330