cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241554.v1
title: The leukemia-associated Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor LARG is required for efficient replication stress signaling

description: We previously identified and characterized TELO2 as a human protein that facilitates efficient DNA damage response (DDR) signaling. A subsequent yeast 2-hybrid screen identified LARG; Leukemia-Associated Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor (also known as Arhgef12), as a potential novel TELO2 interactor. LARG was previously shown to interact with Pericentrin (PCNT), which, like TELO2, is required for efficient replication stress signaling. Here we confirm interactions between LARG, TELO2 and PCNT and show that a sub-set of LARG co-localizes with PCNT at the centrosome. LARG-deficient cells exhibit replication stress signaling defects as evidenced by; supernumerary centrosomes, reduced replication stress-induced γH2AX and RPA nuclear foci formation, and reduced activation of the replication stress signaling effector kinase Chk1 in response to hydroxyurea. As such, LARG-deficient cells are sensitive to replication stress-inducing agents such as hydroxyurea and mitomycin C. Conversely we also show that depletion of TELO2 and the replication stress signaling kinase ATR leads to RhoA signaling defects. These data therefore reveal a level of crosstalk between the RhoA and DDR signaling pathways. Given that mutations in both ATR and PCNT can give rise to the related primordial dwarfism disorders of Seckel Syndrome and Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type II (MOPDII) respectively, which both exhibit defects in ATR-dependent checkpoint signaling, these data also raise the possibility that mutations in LARG or disruption to RhoA signaling may be contributory factors to the etiology of a sub-set of primordial dwarfism disorders.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241539
title: Cloning and characterization of a cabbage <i>BoAOS</i> gene with enhanced drought tolerance

description: Allene oxide synthase (<i>AOS</i>), which is a cytochrome P450 (<i>CYP74A</i>), catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid from lipoxygenase-derived hydroperoxides of free fatty acids. The full-length cDNA of an <i>AOS</i>-like gene was cloned from <i>Brassica oleracea</i> using rapid amplification of cDNA ends and was designated as <i>BoAOS</i>. The <i>BoAOS</i> expression level was higher in alabastrums and flowers than in other tissues of cabbage, as determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To characterize the <i>BoAOS</i> gene, <i>Arabidopsis</i> was transformed via <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> with a vector to express the gene under the control of a strong constitutive promoter, CaMV35S (Cauliflower Mosaic Virus). Based on analyses of tolerance to drought stress, compared with control plants, the overexpression of <i>BoAOS</i> in transgenic plants increased the endogenous jasmonic acid level and conferred higher tolerance to drought stress. Therefore, we suggest that <i>BoAOS</i> may be a suitable candidate gene to produce transgenic plants with tolerance to drought stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241537
title: Geology of the Brenner Pass-Fortezza transect, Italian Eastern Alps

description: We present a 1:30,000 geological map resulting from detailed geostructural surveys carried out along the Italian segment of the design corridor for the Brenner Pass railway base tunnel (BBT), extending from Fortezza (Italy) to Innsbruck (Austria). The map covers the southern part of the Austroalpine-Penninic collisional wedge, the Periadriatic Fault System, associated Oligocene igneous bodies (Periadriatic magmatism) and part of the Southalpine basement. The Penninic Zone in the western Tauern Window is represented by the double domal structure of the Europe-derived Tux and Venediger-Zillertal basement and cover nappe system, capped by the ophiolitic Glockner nappe. The overlying Austroalpine nappe system is here represented by the polymetamorphic Merano-Mules basement and minor cover sheets. The Southern Alps domain includes the Bressanone Granite and pre-granite quartz-phyllites. Four Alpine ductile deformation phases have been recognized, followed by ductile-brittle shear zones, and finally brittle deformations along faults with extensional and strike-slip kinematics. The Quaternary is characterized by glacial deposits, large gravitational mass movements and landslides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241539.v2
title: Cloning and characterization of a cabbage <i>BoAOS</i> gene with enhanced drought tolerance

description: Allene oxide synthase (<i>AOS</i>), which is a cytochrome P450 (<i>CYP74A</i>), catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid from lipoxygenase-derived hydroperoxides of free fatty acids. The full-length cDNA of an <i>AOS</i>-like gene was cloned from <i>Brassica oleracea</i> using rapid amplification of cDNA ends and was designated as <i>BoAOS</i>. The <i>BoAOS</i> expression level was higher in alabastrums and flowers than in other tissues of cabbage, as determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To characterize the <i>BoAOS</i> gene, <i>Arabidopsis</i> was transformed via <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> with a vector to express the gene under the control of a strong constitutive promoter, CaMV35S (Cauliflower Mosaic Virus). Based on analyses of tolerance to drought stress, compared with control plants, the overexpression of <i>BoAOS</i> in transgenic plants increased the endogenous jasmonic acid level and conferred higher tolerance to drought stress. Therefore, we suggest that <i>BoAOS</i> may be a suitable candidate gene to produce transgenic plants with tolerance to drought stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241539.v1
title: Cloning and characterization of a cabbage <i>BoAOS</i> gene with enhanced drought tolerance

description: Allene oxide synthase (<i>AOS</i>), which is a cytochrome P450 (<i>CYP74A</i>), catalyses the first step in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid from lipoxygenase-derived hydroperoxides of free fatty acids. The full-length cDNA of an <i>AOS</i>-like gene was cloned from <i>Brassica oleracea</i> using rapid amplification of cDNA ends and was designated as <i>BoAOS</i>. The <i>BoAOS</i> expression level was higher in alabastrums and flowers than in other tissues of cabbage, as determined by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). To characterize the <i>BoAOS</i> gene, <i>Arabidopsis</i> was transformed via <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i> with a vector to express the gene under the control of a strong constitutive promoter, CaMV35S (Cauliflower Mosaic Virus). Based on analyses of tolerance to drought stress, compared with control plants, the overexpression of <i>BoAOS</i> in transgenic plants increased the endogenous jasmonic acid level and conferred higher tolerance to drought stress. Therefore, we suggest that <i>BoAOS</i> may be a suitable candidate gene to produce transgenic plants with tolerance to drought stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241537.v1
title: Geology of the Brenner Pass-Fortezza transect, Italian Eastern Alps

description: We present a 1:30,000 geological map resulting from detailed geostructural surveys carried out along the Italian segment of the design corridor for the Brenner Pass railway base tunnel (BBT), extending from Fortezza (Italy) to Innsbruck (Austria). The map covers the southern part of the Austroalpine-Penninic collisional wedge, the Periadriatic Fault System, associated Oligocene igneous bodies (Periadriatic magmatism) and part of the Southalpine basement. The Penninic Zone in the western Tauern Window is represented by the double domal structure of the Europe-derived Tux and Venediger-Zillertal basement and cover nappe system, capped by the ophiolitic Glockner nappe. The overlying Austroalpine nappe system is here represented by the polymetamorphic Merano-Mules basement and minor cover sheets. The Southern Alps domain includes the Bressanone Granite and pre-granite quartz-phyllites. Four Alpine ductile deformation phases have been recognized, followed by ductile-brittle shear zones, and finally brittle deformations along faults with extensional and strike-slip kinematics. The Quaternary is characterized by glacial deposits, large gravitational mass movements and landslides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241537.v3
title: Geology of the Brenner Pass-Fortezza transect, Italian Eastern Alps

description: We present a 1:30,000 geological map resulting from detailed geostructural surveys carried out along the Italian segment of the design corridor for the Brenner Pass railway base tunnel (BBT), extending from Fortezza (Italy) to Innsbruck (Austria). The map covers the southern part of the Austroalpine-Penninic collisional wedge, the Periadriatic Fault System, associated Oligocene igneous bodies (Periadriatic magmatism) and part of the Southalpine basement. The Penninic Zone in the western Tauern Window is represented by the double domal structure of the Europe-derived Tux and Venediger-Zillertal basement and cover nappe system, capped by the ophiolitic Glockner nappe. The overlying Austroalpine nappe system is here represented by the polymetamorphic Merano-Mules basement and minor cover sheets. The Southern Alps domain includes the Bressanone Granite and pre-granite quartz-phyllites. Four Alpine ductile deformation phases have been recognized, followed by ductile-brittle shear zones, and finally brittle deformations along faults with extensional and strike-slip kinematics. The Quaternary is characterized by glacial deposits, large gravitational mass movements and landslides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241533
title: Hyperaccumulator Oilcake Manure as an Alternative for Chelate-Induced Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Alluvial Soils

description: The ability of hyperaccumulator oilcake manure as compared to chelates was investigated by growing <i>Calendula officinalis</i> L for phytoremediation of cadmium and lead contaminated alluvial soil. The combinatorial treatment T<sub>6</sub> [2.5 g kg<sup>−1</sup>oilcake manure + 5 mmol kg<sup>−1</sup> EDDS] caused maximum cadmium accumulation in root, shoot and flower up to 5.46, 4.74 and 1.37 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>and lead accumulation up to 16.11, 13.44 and 3.17 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively at Naini dump site, Allahabad (S<sub>3</sub>). The treatment showed maximum remediation efficiency for Cd (RR = 0.676%) and Pb (RR = 0.202%) at Mumfordganj contaminated site (S<sub>2</sub>). However, the above parameters were also observed at par with the treatment T<sub>5</sub> [2.5 g kg<sup>−1</sup>oilcake manure +2 g kg<sup>−1</sup> humic acid]. Applied EDDS altered chlorophyll–a, chlorophyll–b, and carotene contents of plants while application of oilcake manure enhanced their contents in plant by 3.73–8.65%, 5.81–17.65%, and 7.04–17.19%, respectively. The authors conclude that Calendula officinalis L has potential to be safely grown in moderately Cd and Pb-contaminated soils and application of hyperaccumulator oilcake manure boosts the photosynthetic pigments of the plant, leading to enhanced clean-up of the cadmium and lead-contaminated soils. Hence, the hyperaccumulator oilcake manure should be preferred over chelates for sustainable phytoremediation through soil-plant rhizospheric process.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241537.v2
title: Geology of the Brenner Pass-Fortezza transect, Italian Eastern Alps

description: We present a 1:30,000 geological map resulting from detailed geostructural surveys carried out along the Italian segment of the design corridor for the Brenner Pass railway base tunnel (BBT), extending from Fortezza (Italy) to Innsbruck (Austria). The map covers the southern part of the Austroalpine-Penninic collisional wedge, the Periadriatic Fault System, associated Oligocene igneous bodies (Periadriatic magmatism) and part of the Southalpine basement. The Penninic Zone in the western Tauern Window is represented by the double domal structure of the Europe-derived Tux and Venediger-Zillertal basement and cover nappe system, capped by the ophiolitic Glockner nappe. The overlying Austroalpine nappe system is here represented by the polymetamorphic Merano-Mules basement and minor cover sheets. The Southern Alps domain includes the Bressanone Granite and pre-granite quartz-phyllites. Four Alpine ductile deformation phases have been recognized, followed by ductile-brittle shear zones, and finally brittle deformations along faults with extensional and strike-slip kinematics. The Quaternary is characterized by glacial deposits, large gravitational mass movements and landslides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241533.v1
title: Hyperaccumulator Oilcake Manure as an Alternative for Chelate-Induced Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals Contaminated Alluvial Soils

description: The ability of hyperaccumulator oilcake manure as compared to chelates was investigated by growing <i>Calendula officinalis</i> L for phytoremediation of cadmium and lead contaminated alluvial soil. The combinatorial treatment T<sub>6</sub> [2.5 g kg<sup>−1</sup>oilcake manure + 5 mmol kg<sup>−1</sup> EDDS] caused maximum cadmium accumulation in root, shoot and flower up to 5.46, 4.74 and 1.37 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>and lead accumulation up to 16.11, 13.44 and 3.17 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively at Naini dump site, Allahabad (S<sub>3</sub>). The treatment showed maximum remediation efficiency for Cd (RR = 0.676%) and Pb (RR = 0.202%) at Mumfordganj contaminated site (S<sub>2</sub>). However, the above parameters were also observed at par with the treatment T<sub>5</sub> [2.5 g kg<sup>−1</sup>oilcake manure +2 g kg<sup>−1</sup> humic acid]. Applied EDDS altered chlorophyll–a, chlorophyll–b, and carotene contents of plants while application of oilcake manure enhanced their contents in plant by 3.73–8.65%, 5.81–17.65%, and 7.04–17.19%, respectively. The authors conclude that Calendula officinalis L has potential to be safely grown in moderately Cd and Pb-contaminated soils and application of hyperaccumulator oilcake manure boosts the photosynthetic pigments of the plant, leading to enhanced clean-up of the cadmium and lead-contaminated soils. Hence, the hyperaccumulator oilcake manure should be preferred over chelates for sustainable phytoremediation through soil-plant rhizospheric process.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241531
title: <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) inhabiting inland aquatic ecosystems: molecular, morphological and ecological discrimination of subspecies

description: Species of <i>Ulva</i> (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) are relatively common macroalgae in most coastal areas. In this paper, we examine <i>Ulva</i> in inland aquatic ecosystems to determine relationships between the chemical parameters of the water and the <i>Ulva</i> taxa present. Two groups of samples of freshwater <i>Ulva</i> were selected from: (i) habitats with high salinity levels, and (ii) habitats with fresh or slightly saline waters. We showed that these two groups of <i>Ulva</i>, which occupy distinct habitats, represent two separate taxa. The first group represents <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subsp. <i>pilifera</i> (Kützing) M.J. Wynne, which is very common and regularly encountered in fresh waters, but is equally well represented in slightly saline waters. The second is <i>U. flexuosa</i> subsp. <i>paradoxa</i> (C. Agardh) M.J. Wynne, which is less common, preferring mainly salt-wedge saline waters. We did not find both <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subspecies together at any of the research sites.There were significant morphological differences between the <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subspecies. <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subsp. <i>pilifera</i> had longer and wider thalli and wider cells than those of subsp. <i>paradoxa. Ulva flexuosa</i> subsp. <i>paradoxa</i> cells were longer and of greater circumference than those of subsp. <i>pilifera</i>. Analyses of the rRNA ITS region and partial <i>rbc</i>L gene sequences demonstrated minor sequence variation within the two subspecies. The results of this study provide detailed information on the characteristics of limnic <i>Ulva</i> habitats and indicate the niches where such populations are likely to occur.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241519
title: Crop damage by granivorous birds despite protection efforts by human bird scarers in a sorghum field in western Kenya

description: Cereal crop damage from granivorous birds poses a serious food security problem for subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. In this region, farmers may rely on human ‘bird scarers’ to limit crop damage. Here we report feeding behaviour and crop damage patterns caused by Village Weavers <i>Ploceus cucullatus</i> and African Mourning Doves <i>Streptopelia decipiens</i> during four days in a 0.12 ha sorghum field protected by two full-time bird scarers in western Kenya. Despite the scarers’ efforts, almost 60% of the seed was lost before harvest. Bird abundance was largely determined by the presence of the bird scarers, with seed loss patterns being a function of distance from these people. Throughout the day, an average of 18 weavers (maximum 120) was present on the crop in any five-minute period. The number of mud projectiles thrown at the birds per 15 min showed only minor diurnal fluctuations, further suggesting that seed eaters attacked the crop throughout the day. Village Weaver individuals took an average 16 seeds per visit, whereas dove individuals took 32 seeds (maximum 105 and 455, respectively). Our study illustrates that avian crop pests can be extremely persistent and, even with consistent diurnal bird scaring activity, severely damage a small crop field. Bird scarers need to be active throughout daylight hours and patrol both the centres and edges of fields to create maximum disturbance to foraging seed eating birds. Further research is needed in order to investigate effects of local- and landscape-level land use patterns on the feeding behaviour of crop pests and the effectiveness of crop protection measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241519.v1
title: Crop damage by granivorous birds despite protection efforts by human bird scarers in a sorghum field in western Kenya

description: Cereal crop damage from granivorous birds poses a serious food security problem for subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. In this region, farmers may rely on human ‘bird scarers’ to limit crop damage. Here we report feeding behaviour and crop damage patterns caused by Village Weavers <i>Ploceus cucullatus</i> and African Mourning Doves <i>Streptopelia decipiens</i> during four days in a 0.12 ha sorghum field protected by two full-time bird scarers in western Kenya. Despite the scarers’ efforts, almost 60% of the seed was lost before harvest. Bird abundance was largely determined by the presence of the bird scarers, with seed loss patterns being a function of distance from these people. Throughout the day, an average of 18 weavers (maximum 120) was present on the crop in any five-minute period. The number of mud projectiles thrown at the birds per 15 min showed only minor diurnal fluctuations, further suggesting that seed eaters attacked the crop throughout the day. Village Weaver individuals took an average 16 seeds per visit, whereas dove individuals took 32 seeds (maximum 105 and 455, respectively). Our study illustrates that avian crop pests can be extremely persistent and, even with consistent diurnal bird scaring activity, severely damage a small crop field. Bird scarers need to be active throughout daylight hours and patrol both the centres and edges of fields to create maximum disturbance to foraging seed eating birds. Further research is needed in order to investigate effects of local- and landscape-level land use patterns on the feeding behaviour of crop pests and the effectiveness of crop protection measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241517
title: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Snowpack and Surface Water in Blackwood Canyon, Lake Tahoe, CA, as Related to Snowmobile Activity

description: Snowpack in alpine environments may contain appreciable levels of regional pollution acquired through natural processes of wet and dry deposition, as well as from immediate sources such as snowmobile engine exhaust. Understanding the fate and transport of pollutants in alpine environments is a crucial step towards managing emission sources in alpine terrain to mitigate their impacts on natural resources. This study presents detailed chemical analysis for 94 species of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in 55 samples of snow and surface water collected in Blackwood Canyon, a tributary to the west shore of Lake Tahoe that is a popular winter recreation area for snowmobile riders. Analyses included toxic and persistent PAH, emitted as products of incomplete combustion and useful for identifying fossil fuel combustion emissions in the environment. Average background snow PAH concentrations were used to estimate background PAH surface loading (μg.m<sup>−2</sup>). Loadings in excess of the estimated background are mapped and compared with observations of snowmobile activity to determine effects of snowmobile emissions on snow water quality. Loading of heavy PAH, those having three or more aromatic rings, in snow was found to be significantly greater than background loading (α = 5%) where snowmobile tracks cover more than 50% of the snow surface. Loadings were 8–20 times greater than background levels where snowmobile traffic was most concentrated over snow covered roads. PAH were also measured in snow melt and surface water samples in Blackwood Canyon for comparison with snow samples. Flux of PAH (g.day<sup>−1</sup>) from Blackwood Creek into Lake Tahoe was calculated and compared to estimates of background flux, increasing from 74 g.day<sup>−1</sup> to 480 g.day<sup>−1</sup> over an 8-day period during spring run-off.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1241531.v1
title: <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) inhabiting inland aquatic ecosystems: molecular, morphological and ecological discrimination of subspecies

description: Species of <i>Ulva</i> (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) are relatively common macroalgae in most coastal areas. In this paper, we examine <i>Ulva</i> in inland aquatic ecosystems to determine relationships between the chemical parameters of the water and the <i>Ulva</i> taxa present. Two groups of samples of freshwater <i>Ulva</i> were selected from: (i) habitats with high salinity levels, and (ii) habitats with fresh or slightly saline waters. We showed that these two groups of <i>Ulva</i>, which occupy distinct habitats, represent two separate taxa. The first group represents <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subsp. <i>pilifera</i> (Kützing) M.J. Wynne, which is very common and regularly encountered in fresh waters, but is equally well represented in slightly saline waters. The second is <i>U. flexuosa</i> subsp. <i>paradoxa</i> (C. Agardh) M.J. Wynne, which is less common, preferring mainly salt-wedge saline waters. We did not find both <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subspecies together at any of the research sites.There were significant morphological differences between the <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subspecies. <i>Ulva flexuosa</i> subsp<i>. pilifera</i> had longer and wider thalli and wider cells than those of subsp. <i>paradoxa. Ulva flexuosa</i> subsp. <i>paradoxa</i> cells were longer and of greater circumference than those of subsp. <i>pilifera</i>. Analyses of the rRNA ITS region and partial <i>rbc</i>L gene sequences demonstrated minor sequence variation within the two subspecies. The results of this study provide detailed information on the characteristics of limnic <i>Ulva</i> habitats and indicate the niches where such populations are likely to occur.