cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279293
title: FISIATRIA: PROJETO INTEGRADO DE AVALIAÇÃO DO ENSINO MÉDICO

description: Abstract: This study assesses the discipline of Medical Rehabilitation for undergraduates as part of an ongoing evaluation project from the Medical School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Questionnaires containing 19 skills considered basic in the area were applied to student at the 9th semester of the medical course, during the first half academic year of 1992 (n=52) and 1993 (n=52). Before the training period in the discipline, one questionnaire .form asked about their previous experience on the skills. After its termination, the other form inquired on the opportunities granted to the trainees to assist and to perform these same skills. The 19 skills were agregated into four main groups : physical examination, the management of patient with pain, motor/respiratory physiotherapy and rehabilitation. The results showed in the 92/1 group of study a low percentage of students who assisted or performed those skills. After this preliminary assessment a new approach was given to the discipline formulation and to the questionnaires forms. The 93/1 assessment showed significant difference between previous exposures to the skills and the experience gained during the training period This trend emphasizes the need for continuous monitoring of the students training programme. It helps to better both the planning and the teaching activities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279300
title: O ENSINO DA ONCOLOGIA NAS ESCOLAS MÉDICAS BRASILEIRAS: UMA PROPOSTA DE INTEGRAÇÃO DOCENTE-ASSISTENCIAL

description: Summary: In 1987 it was created in Brazil a Governmental Program to motivate and promote changes in the curricula of Medical Schools, adapting them to the needs of Brazilian population, and the Health Care System. The Program also included the production of educational material that would make feasible the integration of disciplines, departments and services involved in cancer care. Pro-Onco and Nutes, through PIDAAC, coordinated the development of the material, authored, collectively, by 65physicians professor and practitioners involved in cancer care, from 32 medical shools and 7 health care institutions, representing every region of the country. The material was created to cover several areas of medical knowledge related to cancer control, as part of a proposal for integrated, multidisciplinary teaching, emphasizing prevention and early detection of the cancers more prevalent in Brazil. All steps of PIDAAC were collectively developed and had the joint coordination of Pro-Onco and Nutes. Ongoing evaluation was a major aspect of the development process. The regional implementation of PIDAAC involved 49 Brazilian Medical Shools (35 of wich are public), 59 faculty and 5 practitioners. It was distributed 8.800 textbooks and 56 copies of the Audio-Visual material. Every step of implementing PIDAAC caused substancial quantitative and qualitative changes on the contentes of the Oncology curricu!a of Brazilian Medical Shools. The quantitative increase has achieved 305,2%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279300.v1
title: O ENSINO DA ONCOLOGIA NAS ESCOLAS MÉDICAS BRASILEIRAS: UMA PROPOSTA DE INTEGRAÇÃO DOCENTE-ASSISTENCIAL

description: Summary: In 1987 it was created in Brazil a Governmental Program to motivate and promote changes in the curricula of Medical Schools, adapting them to the needs of Brazilian population, and the Health Care System. The Program also included the production of educational material that would make feasible the integration of disciplines, departments and services involved in cancer care. Pro-Onco and Nutes, through PIDAAC, coordinated the development of the material, authored, collectively, by 65physicians professor and practitioners involved in cancer care, from 32 medical shools and 7 health care institutions, representing every region of the country. The material was created to cover several areas of medical knowledge related to cancer control, as part of a proposal for integrated, multidisciplinary teaching, emphasizing prevention and early detection of the cancers more prevalent in Brazil. All steps of PIDAAC were collectively developed and had the joint coordination of Pro-Onco and Nutes. Ongoing evaluation was a major aspect of the development process. The regional implementation of PIDAAC involved 49 Brazilian Medical Shools (35 of wich are public), 59 faculty and 5 practitioners. It was distributed 8.800 textbooks and 56 copies of the Audio-Visual material. Every step of implementing PIDAAC caused substancial quantitative and qualitative changes on the contentes of the Oncology curricu!a of Brazilian Medical Shools. The quantitative increase has achieved 305,2%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279301
title: ENSINO DA MEDICINA SOCIAL NA GRADUAÇÃO

description: Summary: The preventive Department of the “Universidade Federal da Bahia” (Brazil) lauched a new core study unit for the medical undergraduate teaching, called Introduction to Social Medicine. The unit is compulsory and expected to be undertaken at the third term of the course. This article discusses the planning and implantation process of the first core unit in 1992. The authors consider that Social Medicina is envolved with the understanding of the relation between specific groups and the process of health/disease, particularly with the way that they face the burden od illness. Besides the State Sector, diverse pressure groups are here taken into consideration: political parties, trade unions, corporate and community (neighbourdhood) organizations etc. The objectives and contents of the unit is discussed. The studentes evaluation of the teachong (theoretical and practical work) is also analysed. The lauching of this new unit has been considered positive and worthwhile by the authors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279302
title: TREINAMENTOS EM EPIDEMIOLOGIA REALIZADOS EM INSTITUIÇÕES CONVENIADAS COM O CENTRO NACIONAL DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA (CENEPI): CONGRUÊNCIAS E DISCREPÂNCIAS COM INDICADORES

description: Abstract: Public health authorities have made an increasingly regular practice to submit interventions in their services to evaluation. Numerous evaluation models have been employed to this end. The present study seeks to verify the extent to which training parameters or referents in Epidemiology established by the Epidemiology National Center (CENEPI) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health were attained by ten university level institutions contracted by the referred Center and also the local public health services. Consonant with this purpose. Stake's evaluation model was chosen. This model focuses on congruencies and discrepancies occurring in the training practices of the ten institutions regarding CENEPI’s training parameters. The parameters set up by CENEPI for training in Epidemiology are eight, namely: (a) joint planning of training, (b) diagnostic of available personnel in epidemiology, (c) continned evaluation of the contracts, (d) screening of candidates € candidate discharge from service/training flexibilization, (f) establishment of state epidemiology centers, (g) support to local epidemiology groups after training, and (h) dissemination of training bibliography. Questionnaires responded by the three groups of institutions involved in the evaluation - CENEP university level institutions and local public health services - showed a predominance of congruencies among the three groups of institutions regarding the eight parameters of training in epidemiology. However, discrepancies as well as agreement concerning failure to attain CENEPI’s parameters on the part of university level institutions and local public health services were noticeable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279303
title: EFEITOS DA MUDANÇA CURRICULAR: CARACTERÍSTICAS DO APRENDIZ E DESFECHOS DA APRENDIZAGEM

description: Summary: An evaluation study was undertaken to compare data of students in two medical curriculum tracks at the Universily of Brasilia. Pre-clinical motivacional characterislics and learning outcomes were compared. Some significant differences were observed: students in the standing curriculum showed higher level of self confidence while motivation to learn was higher among students in the new curriculum. Also, the scores of perceived meaningfulness of learning were higher in the new curriculum. There were no significant differences between student groups in grade point averages of clinical clerkships or in career preferences. The finings suggest that the change in curriculum structure has not affected students applied knowledge as they started the clinical phase, although they showed more positive perceptions of their pre-clinical experience. Such perceptions were influenced by many motivational characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279302.v1
title: TREINAMENTOS EM EPIDEMIOLOGIA REALIZADOS EM INSTITUIÇÕES CONVENIADAS COM O CENTRO NACIONAL DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA (CENEPI): CONGRUÊNCIAS E DISCREPÂNCIAS COM INDICADORES

description: Abstract: Public health authorities have made an increasingly regular practice to submit interventions in their services to evaluation. Numerous evaluation models have been employed to this end. The present study seeks to verify the extent to which training parameters or referents in Epidemiology established by the Epidemiology National Center (CENEPI) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health were attained by ten university level institutions contracted by the referred Center and also the local public health services. Consonant with this purpose. Stake's evaluation model was chosen. This model focuses on congruencies and discrepancies occurring in the training practices of the ten institutions regarding CENEPI’s training parameters. The parameters set up by CENEPI for training in Epidemiology are eight, namely: (a) joint planning of training, (b) diagnostic of available personnel in epidemiology, (c) continned evaluation of the contracts, (d) screening of candidates € candidate discharge from service/training flexibilization, (f) establishment of state epidemiology centers, (g) support to local epidemiology groups after training, and (h) dissemination of training bibliography. Questionnaires responded by the three groups of institutions involved in the evaluation - CENEP university level institutions and local public health services - showed a predominance of congruencies among the three groups of institutions regarding the eight parameters of training in epidemiology. However, discrepancies as well as agreement concerning failure to attain CENEPI’s parameters on the part of university level institutions and local public health services were noticeable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279305
title: BIOESTATÍSTICA: PORQUE, O QUE É COMO ENSINAR

description: Summary: A new approach to teach basic statistics to young researchers is proposed. It hypothesizes two main causes for the wel1 known "mathematical trauma": a) lack of basic mathematical concepts; b) failure to understand the mathematical language. Related ancillary concepts, presented just before use, are adequate to overcome these limitations. Even more important, is to show why and how statisticians develop a technique or equation. This approach was tested on a class composed of 25 graduate students. Before the course, a pretest was presented. The final evaluation included a similar test, and an anonymous questionnaire about the teacher and course. Analysis of these data revealed an improvement of knowledge in statistics and approval of the classes. Subjective factors and difficulties in extrapolating the validity of the experiment to other student group are recognized. Nevertheless, the results are sharp enough to suggest reproducibility in similar situations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279301.v1
title: ENSINO DA MEDICINA SOCIAL NA GRADUAÇÃO

description: Summary: The preventive Department of the “Universidade Federal da Bahia” (Brazil) lauched a new core study unit for the medical undergraduate teaching, called Introduction to Social Medicine. The unit is compulsory and expected to be undertaken at the third term of the course. This article discusses the planning and implantation process of the first core unit in 1992. The authors consider that Social Medicina is envolved with the understanding of the relation between specific groups and the process of health/disease, particularly with the way that they face the burden od illness. Besides the State Sector, diverse pressure groups are here taken into consideration: political parties, trade unions, corporate and community (neighbourdhood) organizations etc. The objectives and contents of the unit is discussed. The studentes evaluation of the teachong (theoretical and practical work) is also analysed. The lauching of this new unit has been considered positive and worthwhile by the authors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279303.v1
title: EFEITOS DA MUDANÇA CURRICULAR: CARACTERÍSTICAS DO APRENDIZ E DESFECHOS DA APRENDIZAGEM

description: Summary: An evaluation study was undertaken to compare data of students in two medical curriculum tracks at the Universily of Brasilia. Pre-clinical motivacional characterislics and learning outcomes were compared. Some significant differences were observed: students in the standing curriculum showed higher level of self confidence while motivation to learn was higher among students in the new curriculum. Also, the scores of perceived meaningfulness of learning were higher in the new curriculum. There were no significant differences between student groups in grade point averages of clinical clerkships or in career preferences. The finings suggest that the change in curriculum structure has not affected students applied knowledge as they started the clinical phase, although they showed more positive perceptions of their pre-clinical experience. Such perceptions were influenced by many motivational characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279305.v1
title: BIOESTATÍSTICA: PORQUE, O QUE É COMO ENSINAR

description: Summary: A new approach to teach basic statistics to young researchers is proposed. It hypothesizes two main causes for the wel1 known "mathematical trauma": a) lack of basic mathematical concepts; b) failure to understand the mathematical language. Related ancillary concepts, presented just before use, are adequate to overcome these limitations. Even more important, is to show why and how statisticians develop a technique or equation. This approach was tested on a class composed of 25 graduate students. Before the course, a pretest was presented. The final evaluation included a similar test, and an anonymous questionnaire about the teacher and course. Analysis of these data revealed an improvement of knowledge in statistics and approval of the classes. Subjective factors and difficulties in extrapolating the validity of the experiment to other student group are recognized. Nevertheless, the results are sharp enough to suggest reproducibility in similar situations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279307
title: ESTÁGIO URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA: PROJETO INTEGRADO DE AVALIAÇÃO DO ENSINO MÉDICO

description: Abstract: Urgency and Emergency Rotatory Program: Integrated Project for Undergraduate Medical Evaluation This work describes the opportunities for undergraduate medical students in their 11th semester to acquire basic skills within one month of training at an emergency hospital in Porto Alegre. Questionnaries containing a list of technical skills asked the students both on arrival and immediately after termination of the training programme whether they considered themselves capable to perform those tasks. For the analysis the skills were grouped according to the training area: clinical, politrauma, stitching, traumatology and hemotherapy. Out of 32 skills, 23 showed a significant improvement in the percentage of respondents who considered themselves competent after the training period. As far as performance opportunities, there were no significant changes for 15 of the skills studied. These results suggest that while the trainees might have the "cognitive aptitude" this does not mean they had the opportunity to perform it.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279307.v1
title: ESTÁGIO URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA: PROJETO INTEGRADO DE AVALIAÇÃO DO ENSINO MÉDICO

description: Abstract: Urgency and Emergency Rotatory Program: Integrated Project for Undergraduate Medical Evaluation This work describes the opportunities for undergraduate medical students in their 11th semester to acquire basic skills within one month of training at an emergency hospital in Porto Alegre. Questionnaries containing a list of technical skills asked the students both on arrival and immediately after termination of the training programme whether they considered themselves capable to perform those tasks. For the analysis the skills were grouped according to the training area: clinical, politrauma, stitching, traumatology and hemotherapy. Out of 32 skills, 23 showed a significant improvement in the percentage of respondents who considered themselves competent after the training period. As far as performance opportunities, there were no significant changes for 15 of the skills studied. These results suggest that while the trainees might have the "cognitive aptitude" this does not mean they had the opportunity to perform it.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279311
title: A FACULDADE DE MEDICINA INFLUENCIA A OPINÃO DOS ESTUDANTES SOBRE O ABORTO?

description: Summary A survey conducted among 453 medical students enrolled in the first ten semesters at the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil, showed that 7.2% were completely against abortion, 17,8% positioned themselves as totally favorable, and the remaining 75% admitted abortive practices under special circumstances. Variable associated with a more liberal opinion about abortion were: increased age, longer attendance to the Faculty of Medicine, sexual experience and contraceptive practices, personal experience with abortion situations, and agnosticism. lt is possible that the effect of the Faculty of Medicine on the liberalization of opinion about abortion may be independent from the other variables, as this effect became even stronger after adjusting for possible confounding variables, through logistic regression analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279309
title: O ENSINO DE GENÉTICA NA MEDICINA: COMO OS ALUNOS PERCEBEM A GENÉTICA CLÍNICA

description: Summary Genetics has been advanced faster in the biomedical areas and recently had been included as a course in the curriculum of the medicine schools. Taking those facts into consideration, this study intends to verify the type and degree of knowledge of the students of medicine of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Brazil in relation to the role of the geneticist as a medical specialist, before and after taking the Medical Genetics course, regularly offered at the Medical School Of UFRGS, and the influence of this course on the modifications of their previous notions on the subject. Two Types of standard questionnaires were applied on the first and the last day of two class semesters (92/2 and 93/1). In PRE questionnaires, the main functions attributed to the clinical geneticist were related to research and laboratory (32%); in POST questionnaires, emphasis was given to study diagnoses (29,1%), genetic counselling (26,1%) and treatment (17,2%). The differences were statistically significant (p&lt;0.01)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279309.v1
title: O ENSINO DE GENÉTICA NA MEDICINA: COMO OS ALUNOS PERCEBEM A GENÉTICA CLÍNICA

description: Summary Genetics has been advanced faster in the biomedical areas and recently had been included as a course in the curriculum of the medicine schools. Taking those facts into consideration, this study intends to verify the type and degree of knowledge of the students of medicine of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Brazil in relation to the role of the geneticist as a medical specialist, before and after taking the Medical Genetics course, regularly offered at the Medical School Of UFRGS, and the influence of this course on the modifications of their previous notions on the subject. Two Types of standard questionnaires were applied on the first and the last day of two class semesters (92/2 and 93/1). In PRE questionnaires, the main functions attributed to the clinical geneticist were related to research and laboratory (32%); in POST questionnaires, emphasis was given to study diagnoses (29,1%), genetic counselling (26,1%) and treatment (17,2%). The differences were statistically significant (p&lt;0.01)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279311.v1
title: A FACULDADE DE MEDICINA INFLUENCIA A OPINÃO DOS ESTUDANTES SOBRE O ABORTO?

description: Summary A survey conducted among 453 medical students enrolled in the first ten semesters at the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas, RS, Brazil, showed that 7.2% were completely against abortion, 17,8% positioned themselves as totally favorable, and the remaining 75% admitted abortive practices under special circumstances. Variable associated with a more liberal opinion about abortion were: increased age, longer attendance to the Faculty of Medicine, sexual experience and contraceptive practices, personal experience with abortion situations, and agnosticism. lt is possible that the effect of the Faculty of Medicine on the liberalization of opinion about abortion may be independent from the other variables, as this effect became even stronger after adjusting for possible confounding variables, through logistic regression analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279317
title: PROMOVENDO O APRENDIZADO DE CIÊNCIA MÉDICA BÁSICA (NEUROFISIOLOGIA) POR RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS (PBL)

description: Summary Basic medical science teaching (neurophysiology) aided by problem-based learning intends to be a method where active learning is applied to cope with a tendency to know facts by heart without reasoning. A tutorial shows how-to create and classify problems and an experience in progress using this procedure is described.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279319
title: DESAFIOS DA AVALIAÇÃO DO APRENDIZADO: DIFICULDADES E OPORTUNIDADES

description: Summary: A constructive vision of the assessment of learning in medical education entals both the identification of difficulties and the search for opportunities of improvement. The article defines the problem-frame of the evaluation process and emphasizes two main points: the features of learning to be assessed and how to assess the related evidence. Finally, the relationship of assessment of learning and teacher development is briefly dealt with.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279317.v1
title: PROMOVENDO O APRENDIZADO DE CIÊNCIA MÉDICA BÁSICA (NEUROFISIOLOGIA) POR RESOLUÇÃO DE PROBLEMAS (PBL)

description: Summary Basic medical science teaching (neurophysiology) aided by problem-based learning intends to be a method where active learning is applied to cope with a tendency to know facts by heart without reasoning. A tutorial shows how-to create and classify problems and an experience in progress using this procedure is described.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279319.v1
title: DESAFIOS DA AVALIAÇÃO DO APRENDIZADO: DIFICULDADES E OPORTUNIDADES

description: Summary: A constructive vision of the assessment of learning in medical education entals both the identification of difficulties and the search for opportunities of improvement. The article defines the problem-frame of the evaluation process and emphasizes two main points: the features of learning to be assessed and how to assess the related evidence. Finally, the relationship of assessment of learning and teacher development is briefly dealt with.