cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jk21h17
title: Data from: Long-acting and selective oxytocin peptide analogues show anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects in male mice

description: Oxytocin (OXT) has been shown to suppress appetite, induce weight loss,
 improve glycemic control and lipid metabolism in several species including
 humans, monkeys and rodents. However, OXT’s short half-life in circulation
 and lack of receptor selectivity limit its application and efficacy. Here
 we report an OXT peptide analogue (OXTGly) that is potent and selective
 for the oxytocin receptor (OXTR). OXT, but not OXTGly, activated
 vasopressin receptors in vitro and acutely increased blood pressure in
 vivo when administered i.p.. OXT suppressed food intake in mice, while
 OXTGly had a moderate effect on food intake when administered i.p. or
 i.c.v.. Both OXT (i.p.) and OXTGly (i.p.) improved glycemic control in
 glucose tolerance tests. In addition, both OXT (i.p.) and OXTGly (i.p.)
 stimulated insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucagon secretion
 in mice. We generated lipid conjugated OXT (acylated-OXT) and OXTGly
 (acylated-OXTGly) and demonstrated that these molecules have significantly
 extended half-lives in vivo. Compared to OXT, two-week treatment of diet
 induced obese (DIO) mice with acylated-OXT (s.c.) resulted in enhanced
 body weight reduction, an improved lipid profile, and gene expression
 changes consistent with increased lipolysis and decreased gluconeogenesis.
 Treatment with acylated-OXTGly (s.c.) also resulted in a statistically
 significant weight loss, albeit to a lesser degree compared to
 acylated-OXT treatment. In conclusion, we demonstrate that selective
 activation of the OXTR pathway results in both acute and chronic metabolic
 benefits, while potential activation of vasopressin receptors by
 non-selective OXT analogues causes physiological stress that contributes
 to additional weight loss.
description: Supplementary Figures
 for long-acting Oxytocin publicationSupplementary figures
 and legends for "Long-acting and selective oxytocin peptide analogues
 show anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects in male
 mice"Supplementary Figures for
 resubmission.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2dd0315
title: Data from: Evolution at the edge of expanding populations

description: Evolution by natural selection tends to favors those that replicate faster
 to leave more offspring; nature, however, abounds with examples where
 organisms seem to pay a reproductive cost to disperse faster. When does
 selection favor this ‘survival of the fastest?’ We searched for a simple
 rule, motivated by evolution experiments where swarming bacteria evolved
 into an hyperswarmer mutant which disperses ~100% faster but pays a growth
 cost of ~10 % to make many copies of its flagellum. We analyzed a
 two-species model based on the Fisher equation to explain this
 observation: the rate of swarming expansion (v) results from an interplay
 of growth (r) and dispersal (D) and is independent of the carrying
 capacity: v=2sqrt(rD). A mutant can take over the edge only if its
 expansion rate (v_2) exceeds the expansion rate of the established
 species’ (v_1), and this simple condition (v_2&gt;v_1) determines the
 maximum cost in slower growth that a hyperswarmer can pay and still be
 able to take over. Numerical simulations and time-course experiments where
 we tracked evolution by imaging bacteria suggest that our findings are
 general: less favorable conditions delay but do not entirely prevent the
 success of the fastest. The same principles should apply to other
 expanding populations where we observe the selection for faster dispersal
 despite a cost to growth, including territorial occupation by non-native
 species and the spread of cancer metastasis.
description: WT and Hyperswarmer
 fluorescence signalsWT and Hyperswarmer
 fluorescence signals, from Video 1, to plot Figure 1C. The data is
 extracted from image fluorescence data (GFP signal for WT, and DsRed for
 Hyperswamers), and integrated spatially. This dataset is used to plot
 Figure 1C.Figure1.csvData from stochastic simulations of competitionData from stochastic simulations of competitions, generated from MATLAB script Code_Figure2b.m. Data contains a list of fixation frequencies, for various r (growth rate) and D (diffusion coefficient).Figure2b.csvCode_Figure2bMATLAB script to generate Figure 2b.Data from deterministic simulations of competitionData from deterministic simulations of competitions, generated from MATLAB script Code_Figure2c.m. Data contains a list of takeover times, for various r (growth rate) and D (diffusion coefficient).Figure2c.csvCode_Figure2cMATLAB script to generate Figure 2b.Data from transplantation experimentsList of sweep scores, visually classified from fluorescence images (e.g. Figure 3b), for various distances to the edge and sizes of transplant.Figure3.csvCode_Figure3MATLAB script to run statistical classifications and plot Figure 3c. See details of statistical tests in Appendix D of the manuscript.Code_Figure1BMATLAB script to simulate traveling waves as shown in Figure 1B.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h8d2882
title: Data from: Evidence for adaptive responses to historic drought across a native plant species range

description: As climatic conditions change, species will be forced to move or adapt to
 avoid extinction. Exacerbated by ongoing climate change, California
 recently experienced a severe and exceptional drought from 2011-2017. To
 investigate whether an adaptive response occurred during this event, we
 conducted a “resurrection” study of the cutleaf monkeyflower (Mimulus
 laciniatus), an annual plant, by comparing trait means and variances of
 ancestral seed collections ("pre-drought") with contemporary
 descendant collections ("drought"). Plants were grown under
 common conditions to test whether this geographically-restricted species
 has the capacity to respond evolutionarily to climate stress across its
 range. We examined if traits shifted in response to the recent, severe
 drought and included populations across an elevation gradient, including
 populations at the low- and high-elevation edges of the species range. We
 found that time to seedling emergence in the drought generation was
 significantly earlier than in the pre-drought generation, a response
 consistent with drought adaptation. Additionally, trait variation in days
 to emergence was reduced in the drought generation, which suggests
 selection or bottleneck events. Days to first flower increased
 significantly by elevation, consistent with climate adaptation across the
 species range. Drought generation plants were larger and had greater
 reproduction, which was likely a carryover effect of earlier germination.
 These results demonstrate that rapid shifts in trait means and variances
 consistent with climate adaptation are occurring within populations,
 including peripheral populations at warm and cold climate limits, of a
 plant species with a relatively restricted range that has so far not
 shifted its elevation distribution during contemporary climate change.
 Thus, rapid evolution may mitigate, at least temporarily, range shifts
 under global climate change. This study highlights the need for better
 understanding rapid adaptation as a means for plant communities to cope
 with extraordinary climate events.
description: dickman_et_al_2019_dataGreenhouse and growth chamber experimental data from resurrection study of Mimulus laciniatus across species range.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.003vg7g
title: Data from: Multi-omics investigation reveals benzalkonium chloride disinfectants alter sterol and lipid homeostasis in the mouse neonatal brain

description: Lipids are critical for neurodevelopment; therefore, disruption of lipid
 homeostasis by environmental chemicals is expected to have detrimental
 effects on this process. Previously, we demonstrated that the benzalkonium
 chlorides (BACs), a class of commonly used disinfectants, alter
 cholesterol biosynthesis and lipid homeostasis in neuronal cell cultures
 in a manner dependent on their alkyl chain length. However, the ability of
 BACs to reach the neonatal brain and alter sterol and lipid homeostasis
 during neurodevelopment in vivo has not been characterized. Therefore, the
 goal of this study was to use targeted and untargeted mass spectrometry
 and transcriptomics to investigate the effect of BACs on sterol and lipid
 homeostasis, and to predict the mechanism of toxicity of BACs on
 neurodevelopmental processes. After maternal dietary exposure to 120 mg
 BAC/kg body weight/day, we quantified BAC levels in the mouse neonatal
 brain, demonstrating for the first time that BACs can cross the
 blood-placental barrier and enter the developing brain. Transcriptomic
 analysis of neonatal brains using RNA sequencing revealed alterations in
 canonical pathways related to cholesterol biosynthesis, liver X
 receptor-retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) signaling, and glutamate receptor
 signaling. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed decreases in total sterol
 levels and downregulation of triglycerides and diglycerides, which were
 consistent with the upregulation of genes involved in sterol biosynthesis
 and uptake as well as inhibition of LXR signaling. In conclusion, these
 findings demonstrate that BACs target sterol and lipid homeostasis and
 provide new insights for the possible mechanisms of action of BACs as
 developmental neurotoxicants.
description: Neonatal brain
 transcriptome profilesC57BL/6J neonates were
 exposed in utero, through maternal dietary exposure to control, BAC C12
 (120 mg/kg/day), or BAC C16 (120 mg/kg/day). At postnatal day 0, neonates
 were sacrificed and brains were collected. This excel sheet contains 14
 columns. Four biological replicates per treatment were used for
 transcriptomics analyses. Rows contain FPKM values of each transcript,
 signified by Ensembl IDs and Gene Names.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fd28113
title: Data from: Integrated population models: bias and inference

description: Integrated population models (hereafter, IPMs) have become increasingly
 popular for the modeling of populations, as investigators seek to combine
 survey and demographic data to understand processes governing population
 dynamics. These models are particularly useful for identifying and
 exploring knowledge gaps within datasets, because they allow investigators
 to estimate biologically meaningful parameters, such as immigration and
 reproduction, that are uninformed by data. As IPMs have been developed
 relatively recently, model behavior remains relatively poorly understood.
 Much attention has been paid to parameter behavior such as parameter
 estimates near boundaries, as well as the consequences of dependent
 datasets. However, the movement of bias among parameters remains
 underexamined, particularly when models include parameters that are
 estimated without data. 2. To examine distribution of bias among model
 parameters, we simulated stable populations closed to immigration and
 emigration. We simulated two scenarios that might induce bias into
 survival estimates: marker induced bias in the capture-mark-recapture
 data, and heterogeneity in the mortality process. We subsequently ran
 appropriate capture-mark-recapture, state-space, and fecundity models, as
 well as integrated population models. 3. Simulation results suggest that
 when sampling bias exists in datasets, parameters that are not informed by
 data are extremely susceptible to bias. For example, in the presence of
 marker effects on survival of 0.1, estimates of immigration rate from an
 integrated population model were biased high (0.09). When heterogeneity in
 the mortality process was simulated, inducing bias in estimates of adult
 (-0.04) and juvenile (-0.097) survival rates, estimates of fecundity were
 biased by 46.2%. 4. We believe our results have important implications for
 biological inference when using integrated population models, as well as
 future model development and implementation. Specifically, parameters that
 are estimated without data absorb ~90% of the bias in integrated modelling
 frameworks. We suggest that investigators interpret posterior
 distributions of these parameters as a combination of biological process
 and systematic bias.
description: Scenario_ME_q50R script to simulate and anaylze data for the marker loss scenario.Scenario_HSPR script used to simulate data for the heterogeneity in survival probability scenario.figures_MER script to develop raincloud plots for the marker loss scenario (Figure 2).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.52j8p1r
title: Data from: Microbial ‘gardening’ by a seaweed holobiont: surface metabolites attract protective and deter pathogenic epibacterial settlement

description: 1. Epimicrobial communities on seaweed surfaces usually contain not only
 potentially pathogenic, but also potentially beneficial microorganisms.
 Capacity of terrestrial plants for chemically mediated recruitment i.e.
 ‘gardening’ of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere was recently
 demonstrated. Empirical evidence directly linking such chemical
 ‘gardening’ with the beneficial role of gardened microbes in terrestrial
 plants is rare and largely missing for aquatic macrophytes. 2. Here we
 demonstrate that our model invasive seaweed holobiont Agarophyton
 vermiculophyllum possesses beneficial microbiota on its surface that
 provide protection from bacterial pathogens. Metabolites from the algal
 holobiont’s surface reduced settlement of opportunistic pathogens but
 attracted protective epibacterial settlement. 3. We tested 58 different
 bacterial species (isolated from the surface of A. vermiculophyllum)
 individually in tip bleaching assays. Kordia algicida was identified as a
 ‘significant pathogen’ inducing a bleaching disease. In addition, 9 other
 species significantly reduced the risk of algal bleaching and were thus
 ‘significantly protective’. Additionally, 2 ‘potential pathogens’ and 10
 ‘potential protectors’ were identified. When 19 significant and potential
 protectors and 3 significant and potential pathogens were tested together,
 the protective strains fully prevented bleaching, suggesting that a
 component of A. vermiculophyllum’s epimicrobiome provides an associational
 defence against pathogens. Chemically mediated recruitment of microbes was
 demonstrated in bioassays, where A. vermiculophyllum surface metabolites
 attracted the settlement of protective strains, but reduced settlement of
 pathogens. 4. Synthesis: The capacity of an aquatic macrophyte to
 chemically ‘garden’ protective microorganisms to the benefit of
 strengthened disease resistance is demonstrated for the first time. Such a
 role of surface chemistry in ‘gardening’ of microbes as found in the
 current study could also be applicable to other host plant – microbe
 interactions. Our results may open new avenues towards manipulation of the
 surface microbiome of seaweeds via chemical ‘gardening’, enhancing
 sustainable production of healthy seaweeds.
description: Figure 3
 dataBacteria settlement were
 measured by coating microtitre well plates with seaweed extract and
 without seaweed extract. The mesaurement was done by staining the settled
 bacteria cells with DNA stain and measuring fluroscence using a plate
 reader. Descriptors are mentioned in the file itself.Data underlying Figs 1,
 2 and S1Tip bleaching of the
 seaweed in presence of bacteria vs. absence of bacteria. Descriptors are
 mentioned in the file itself.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.55sc38s
title: Data from: Comparing biotic drivers of litter breakdown across streams compartments

description: Litter breakdown in the streambed is an important pathway in organic
 carbon cycling and energy transfer in the biosphere that is mediated by a
 wide range of streambed organisms. However, most research on litter
 breakdown to date has focused on a small fraction of the taxa that drive
 it (e.g. microbial versus macroinvertebrate mediated breakdown) and has
 been limited to the benthic zone (BZ). Despite the importance of the
 hyporheic zone (HZ) as a bioreactor, little is known about what, or who,
 mediates litter breakdown in this compartment and whether breakdown rates
 differ between the BZ and HZ. Here we explore the relationship between
 litter breakdown and the variation in community structure of benthic and
 hyporheic communities by deploying two standardized bioassays
 (cotton–strips and two types of commercially available tea bags) in 30 UK
 streams that encompass a range of environmental conditions. Then, we
 modelled these assays as a response of the streambed compartment and the
 biological features of the streambed assemblage (Prokaryota, Protozoa and
 Eumetazoa invertebrates) to understand the generality and efficiency of
 litter processing across communities. Litter breakdown was much faster in
 the BZ compared with the HZ (around 5 time higher for cotton strips and
 1.5 times faster for the tea leaves). However, differences in litter
 breakdown between the BZ and the HZ were mediated by the biological
 features of the benthos and the hyporheos. Biomass of all the studied
 biotic groups, α–diversity of Eumetazoa invertebrates and metabolic
 diversity of Prokaryota were important predictors that were positively
 related with breakdown coefficients demonstrating their importance in the
 functioning of the streambed ecosystem. Our study uses a novel
 multi–metric bioassay that is able to disentangle the contribution by
 Prokaryota, Protozoa and Eumetazoa invertebrates to litter breakdown. In
 doing so our study reveals new insights into how organic matter
 decomposition is partitioned across biota and streambed compartments.
description: Supplementary_dataAnalyzed data file with the breakdown coefficients of cotton–strips (k cotton), green–tea (k green), rooibos–tea (k red), global litter decay rate (K) and the long–term carbon stabilization factor (S). Data file include standardized and raw covariates, temperature and pH.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3vh00dm
title: Data from: Leg length and temperature determine the use of unipedal roosting in birds

description: The function of standing on one leg in birds has long been attributed to
 reducing heat loss from the unfeathered legs to the external environment.
 Whilst a handful of single-species studies correlate the use of the
 behaviour with ambient temperature, the degree to which it is used across
 taxa is unknown. Given that leg-length varies between species, the length
 of the leg (relative to body size) may mediate the use of this
 thermoregulatory behaviour, such that birds with longer legs should roost
 on one leg more than those with relatively shorter legs at any given
 ambient temperature. We tested this prediction through field observations
 and comparative analyses of nine shorebird species, with varying tarsi
 length relative to body size. Six of the nine species examined used
 unipedal standing more as temperatures decrease, indicating it’s role as a
 heat conservation behaviour. We also found that species with relatively
 longer legs roosted on one leg more frequently across a wide range of
 temperatures. Species with shorter leg lengths likely rely less on this
 posture to insulate the relatively smaller surface area of the legs. Our
 findings showed that the long accepted notion that birds stand on one leg
 more at colder temperatures, holds, and that species with smaller relative
 leg length were less reliant on this behaviour to minimise heat loss from
 these bare appendages.
description: S1LdataData of time spent on one leg across temperatures, with tarsus and body weight.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b6063f5
title: Data from: Omnivory in bees: elevated trophic positions among all major bee families

description: As pollen- and nectar-foragers, bees have long been considered strictly
 herbivorous. Their pollen-provisions, however, are host to abundant
 microbial communities, which feed on the pollen before/while it is
 consumed by bee larvae. In the process, microbes convert pollen into a
 complex of plant and microbial components. Since microbes are analogous to
 metazoan consumers within trophic hierarchies, the pollen-eating microbes
 are, functionally, herbivores. When bee larvae consume a microbe-rich
 pollen complex, they ingest proteins from plant and microbial sources,
 thus should register as omnivores on the trophic “ladder.” We tested this
 hypothesis by examining the isotopic compositions of amino acids extracted
 from native bees collected in North America over multiple years. We
 measured bee trophic position across the six major bee families. Our
 findings indicate that bee trophic identity was consistently and
 significantly higher than that of strict herbivores, providing the first
 evidence that omnivory is ubiquitous among bee fauna. Such omnivory
 suggests that pollen-borne microbes represent an important protein source
 for larval bees, which introduces new questions as to the link between
 floral fungicide residues and bee development.
description: Steffan-BeeOmnivory-IsotopicData-April-2019These isotopic data were generated from field-collected bees. For each bee specimen, the delta 15N values for glutamic acid and phenylalanine have been provided.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gg4pk7d
title: Data from: The social cost of lobbying over climate policy

description: Domestic political processes shape climate policy. In particular, there is
 increasing concern regarding the role of political lobbying over climate
 policy. This paper examines how lobbying spending on the Waxman-Markey
 bill, the most prominent and promising U.S. climate regulation to date,
 altered its likelihood of being implemented. We combine data from
 comprehensive U.S. lobbying records together with an empirical method for
 forecasting the policy’s effect on the value of publicly-listed firms. Our
 statistical analysis suggests that lobbying by firms expecting losses from
 the policy was more effective than lobbying by firms expecting gains.
 Interpreting this finding through a game-theoretic model, we calculate
 that lobbying lowered the probability of enacting the Waxman-Markey bill
 by 13 percentage points, representing an expected social cost of $60
 billion (in 2018 dollars). Our findings also reveal how future climate
 policy proposals can be designed to be more robust to political
 opposition.
description: Replication files for
 Meng and Rode, Nature Climate Change, 2019This zipped folder
 contains code and data for replicating results in Meng and Rode, "The
 Social Cost of Lobbying over Climate Policy", Nature Climate Change,
 2019.MengRode_replication.zip