DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5549716.v1
title: Data for the paper entitled "Accessibility maps as a tool to predict sampling bias in historical biodiversity occurrence records"

description: This collection regroups data used in the paper "Accessibility maps as a tool to predict sampling bias in historical biodiversity occurrence records" by S. Monsarrat, A. Boshoff and G. Kerley.<br>Data description:<b>xy_histrecords: </b>Large mammal occurrence records collected from historical written sources in South Africa in the period 1497-1920. See details in the paper. Format: text file with 3 columns (X, Y, Year)<br><b>raster_hist records</b>: <strong> </strong>Large mammal occurrence records collected from historical written sources in South Africa in the period 1497-1920. Format: 0.1°x0.1° raster grid.extent: 15, 35, -38, -20 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)coord. ref.: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 <br><b>cities_table</b>: 2 columns table with the coordinates of pre-1900 european settlements in South Africa, based on Floyd’s chronological order of town establishment in South Africa (Floyd, 1960).<br><b>biome_ras: </b>0.1°x0.1°<strong> r</strong>aster grid of south african biomes, from the 2012 Vegetation Map of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland (Mucina & Rutherford, 2006; South African National Biodiversity Institute, 2012).extent: 15, 35, -38, -20 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)coord. ref.: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 <strong> </strong><br><b>max_temp:</b> 0.01°x0.01°<strong> r</strong>aster grid of maximum summer temperature, in °C, averaged over the period 1960-1990, obtained from WorldClim (Fick & Hijmans, 2017).extent: 15, 35, -38, -20 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)coord. ref.: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 <br><b>mean_prec:</b> 0.01°x0.01°<strong> r</strong>aster grid of mean annual precipitation, in mm, averaged over the period 1960-1990, obtained from WorldClim (Fick & Hijmans, 2017).<br><b> </b>extent: 15, 35, -38, -20 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)coord. ref. : +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 <br><b>NPP:</b> 0.1°x0.1°<strong> r</strong>aster grid of mean annual net primary productivity, in g C/m<sup>2</sup>/year, obtained from MODIS MOD17 Gross/Net Primary Production Project of the Numerical Terradynamic Simulation Group (Zhao <i>et al.</i>, 2005).extent: 15, 35, -38, -20 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)coord. ref.: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 <br><b>SPI</b>: 0.1°x0.1°<strong> r</strong>aster grid of the Settlement Proximity Index (SPI). See detail in the paper.<br>extent: 15, 35, -38, -20 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)coord. ref.: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 (also provided: SPI built with different sizes of kernel widths <i>h<sub>s</sub></i> and <i>h<sub>w </sub></i>and with a triangular kernel instead of a gaussian (see Appendix S4))<b><br></b><b>WPI</b>: 0.1°x0.1°<strong> r</strong>aster grid of the Water Proximity Index (SPI). See details in the paper.extent: 15, 35, -38, -20 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax)coord. ref.: +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 (also provided: WPI built with different sizes of kernel widths <i>h<sub>s</sub></i> and <i>h<sub>w </sub></i>and with a triangular kernel instead of a gaussian (see Appendix S4))<br><b>Study Area</b>: ESRI shapefile of the study area.class: SpatialPolygonsDataFrame<br>coord. ref. : +proj=tmerc +lat_0=0 +lon_0=21 +k=1 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0<br>