DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rfj6q57gq
title: Data from: Hair and plasma cortisol throughout the first three years of development in infant rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta

description: Cortisol expression has been demonstrated to have variation across
 development in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). There exists
 contradictory evidence for the nature of this change, and age at which it
 occurs, across biological sample types. Consequently, we lack a cohesive
 understanding for cortisol concentrations across the development of a
 major human health translational model. We examined hair cortisol
 concentrations over the first three years of life for 49 mother-reared
 infant macaques from mixed-sex outdoor units at the California National
 Primate Research Center. For 48 of these subjects at infancy, one year,
 and two years, we obtained plasma cortisol samples for: response to a
 stressor, adjustment to prolonged stress, and response to dexamethasone
 injection. Hair cortisol concentrations decreased dramatically between
 three and ten months, followed by relative stability up to the final
 sampling event at around 34 months of age. Plasma cortisol showed
 within-year consistency, and consistency between infancy and year one. We
 document variability in the infant plasma cortisol samples, especially in
 percent change between samples one and two. Our plasma cortisol results
 indicate that infants possess the physiological capacity to effectively
 inhibit the release of cortisol when stimulated, as effectively as later
 responses in juveniles. Age-related changes in hair cortisol parallel
 findings indicating a large decline in the weeks following
 postparturation.
description: These data were collected at the California National Primate
 Research Center from hair and plasma samples obtained from infants and
 juveniles housed in large outdoor mixed-sex social units.
description: Applications used are: *.csv reader, such as Microsoft Excel or
 LibreOffice Calc and R Software Environment.
description: # Hair and plasma cortisol throughout the first three years of development
 in infant rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta Alexander J. Pritchard, John P.
 Capitanio, Laura Del Rosso, Brenda McCowan, Jessica Vandeleest
 Developmental Psychobiology (https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.22437) We have
 included 2 data files and 2 R code files. The R code functions to read in
 the files and assembles output that was used to generate the figures and
 tables in the manuscript. ## Description of the data and file structure
 Two data files: Plasma_CORT.csv has five data columns: a sequential
 subject ID, condition (which is a combined code of sample type and year of
 sample), CORT concentrations in ug/dL, sample, and year.
 FINAL_Hair_CORT.csv has nine data columns: a sequential subject ID,
 sampling event (note, each ID was only subject to 1 BBA and 5 round-up
 collection events), Date of collection, CORT concentrations in pg/mg (the
 single NA was, as referenced in the manuscript: "was erroneously not
 rerun, despite an invalid reading" p. 4), average Max temperature in
 Celsius (over 7 days prior to collection), average Min temperature in
 Celsius (over 7 days prior to collection), age in days, birth cohort
 (column name = 'C'), and subject's sex. ## Sharing/Access
 information These data are to supplement the associated publication from
 Developmental Psychology. ## Code/Software The attached R code should
 import the relevant *.csv files to replicate the exact output and figures
 used in the manuscript. Use setwd() to direct R to the file folder where
 you have placed the datafiles. Code relies on multiple packages to execute
 (see library() functions in files). Two analysis files:
 Plasma_Cort_Annotated_Dryad.R imports in the plasma cort data and runs
 multiples tests/generates numerous figures.
 FINAL_Bayesian_Annotated_Dryad.R imports in the hair cort data and runs a
 *brms*. There are a lot of models in here. Be wary of executing too much
 of this code at once, it will be quite slow! Follow annotation, where we
 added notes for why certain models were not used. Some outliers were
 omitted due to model fit.