cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/ngwy-5r13
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum Stable Isotope Data

description: The Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) is an enigmatic warming event that represents an abrupt reversal in long-term cooling through the Eocene.  In order to further assess the timing and nature of this event, we have assembled stable isotope and calcium carbonate concentration records from multiple Deep Sea Drilling Project and Ocean Drilling Program sites for the time interval between ~43 and 38 Ma. Revised stratigraphy at several sites and compilation of d18O records place peak warming during the MECO event at 40.0 Ma (Chron C18n.2n). The identification of the d18O excursion at sites in different geographic regions indicates that the climatic effects of this event were globally extensive. The total duration of the MECO event is estimated at ~500 ka, with peak warming lasting <100 ka. Assuming minimal glaciation in the late middle Eocene, ~4°-6°C total warming of both surface and deep waters is estimated during the MECO at the study sites. The interval of peak warming at ~40.0 Ma also coincided with a worldwide decline in carbonate accumulation at sites below 3000 m depth, reflecting a temporary shoaling of the calcite compensation depth. The synchroneity of deepwater acidification and globally extensive warming makes a persuasive argument that the MECO event was linked to a transient increase in atmospheric pCO2. The results of this study confirm previous reports of significant climatic instability during the middle Eocene. Furthermore, the direct link between warming and changes in the carbonate chemistry of the deep ocean provides strong evidence that changes in greenhouse gas concentrations exerted a primary control on short-term climate variability during this critical period of Eocene climate evolution.
description: Stable isotope data from 7 marine sediment cores distributed 
around the global ocean for the Middle Eocene (~43 and 38 Ma).
DOI: 10.25921/n6wa-nb93
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pederson - Mohonk Preserve - BELE - ITRDB NY023

description: Six water emergencies have occurred since 1981 for the New York City region (NYC) despite: 1) its perhumid climate, 2) substantial conservation of water since 1979 and 3) meteorological data showing little severe or extreme drought since 1970. We reconstruct 472 years of moisture availability for the NYC watershed to place these emergencies in long-term hydroclimatic context. Using nested reconstruction techniques, 32 tree-ring chronologies comprised of 12 species account for up to 66.2% of the average May-August Palmer Drought Severity Index. Verification statistics indicate good statistical skill from 1531-2003. The use of multiple tree species, including rarely-used species that can sometimes occur on mesic sites like Liriodendron tulipifera, Betula lenta and Carya spp., seems to aid reconstruction skill. Importantly, the reconstruction captures pluvial events in the instrumental record nearly as well as drought events and is significantly correlated to precipitation over much of the northeastern US. While the mid-1960s drought is a severe drought in the context of the new reconstruction, the region experienced repeated droughts of similar intensity, but greater duration during the 16th and 17th centuries. The full record reveals a trend towards more pluvial conditions since ca 1800 that is accentuated by an unprecedented, 43-year pluvial event that continues through 2011. In the context of the current pluvial, decreasing water usage, but increasing extra-urban pressures, it appears that the water supply system for the greater NYC region could be severely stressed if the current water boom shifts towards hydroclimatic regimes like the 16th and 17th centuries.
description: Most of this collection of BELE raw ring widths was made by 
# N. Pederson above a small stream in the rolling terrain of 
# the Mohonk preserve near New Paltz, NY. These data were 
# collected for a dendroecological study of southern temperate 
# trees growing at or near a northern range margin. 
# While the oldest trees in the stand were targeted, the goal 
# of field sampling was to collect a range of existing tree ages 
# within the stand. The stand in which they are sampled has decent 
# soil depth. At the time of sampling, the forest was fairly dense. 
# Because of this, detrending of these raw data should be conducted 
# with closed-canopy or forest interior conditions and forest 
# disturbance in mind. 
# 
# A smaller portion of this collection was made in the early 1970s 
# by E. R. Cook. These trees were living on and near the Humpty Dumpty 
# talus slope in the Mohonk Preserve, one of the premier dendroclimatic 
# sites in the eastern US. This collection contains the oldest-known 
# B. lenta to date. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.38aewv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Tinamiformes)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-180 50,-170 50,-170 60,-180 60,-180 50))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021173-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/n34k-4f80
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Antarctic Last Millennium 10Be Stack and Solar Irradiance Reconstruction

description: Beryllium-10 in ice provides a valuable proxy of solar activity. However, complex production pathways, atmospheric transport, and deposition processes impede its quantitative interpretation. Here, we examine the influence of deposition processes on two Be-10 ice core records from Central Antarctica (South Pole and Dome Fuji stations), covering the last millennium. We try to quantify how Be-10 variations in ice relate to variations in Be-10 production, and the bias associated to this relationship. An independent bias estimation is provided by comparing atmospheric radiocarbon variations reconstructed from tree rings and deduced from Be-10 variations. Both techniques suggest an uncertainty of the order of 10% in Be-10 production. This uncertainty estimate does not account for the geographical origin of Be-10, which remains a major issue. Because both Be-10 records are so similar, we propose to average them as a means to decrease the unshared (non solar) variability. This average record provides a new reconstruction of solar modulation parameter PHI and total solar irradiance over the last ~1,300 years. The lowest solar activity is found during the so-called Spörer Minimum (around AD 1450). The highest activities are found during the 8th century and over the last decades: as shown in previous studies, our results suggest that the recent solar activity is not exceptionally high for the last millennium.
description: Two Antarctic records of Be-10 concentrations covering the last 
millennium are normalized and averaged in order to smooth out 
non-forced variability. This stack is corrected for geomagnetic 
variations and converted into solar modulation parameter PHI 
and total solar irradiance (TSI) over the period of years 
695-1982 AD.

Stack of Be-10 Antarctic records published by Raisbeck et al. 1990 
and Horiuchi et al. 2008, using the C-14 adjusted timescale for 
the latter. The stack is corrected for geomagnetic variations 
reconstructed by Korte et al. 2009 with the production sensitivity 
of Wagner et al. 2000.  The solar modulation parameter PHI is 
calculated following McCracken et al. 2004 method, i.e. by 
calibrating the stack to an average level of 645 MV over the 
period 1944-1966 AD. The sensitivity of the Be-10 production 
to PHI is from Webber and Higbie 2003, assuming that Be-10 
is produced at 70% in mid-latitudes and 30% locally ("mix" case) 
or purely locally ("local" case).  Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) 
is calculated from either of the PHI time series, assuming an 
average modern maximum of 1365.5 W/m**2 (year 1969 AD) and a 
0.08% decrease at the Maunder Minimum (year 1692 AD) 
(most likely value of IPCC AR4 p.192).
DOI: 10.25921/n9qg-zm41
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sauchyn - Camp Grafton - QUMA - ITRDB ND016

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-01-15.
DOI: 10.25921/nq3p-sk62
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Jacoby - South Park Ridge - LASI - ITRDB MONG030

description: The Asian monsoon system affects more than half of humanity worldwide, yet the dynamical processes that govern its complex spatiotemporal variability are not sufficiently understood to model and predict its behavior, due in part to inadequate long-term climate observations. Here we present the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), a seasonally resolved gridded spatial reconstruction of Asian monsoon drought and pluvials over the past millennium, derived from a network of tree-ring chronologies. MADA provides the spatiotemporal details of known historic monsoon failures and reveals the occurrence, severity, and fingerprint of previously unknown monsoon megadroughts and their close linkages to large-scale patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperatures. MADA thus provides a long-term context for recent monsoon variability that is critically needed for climate modeling, prediction, and attribution.
description: Purpose of Collection:  
# Climatology - precipitation analysis NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/ny1d-z961
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Global 1Ma Temperature, Sea Level, and Ice Volume Reconstructions

description: Marine records of sediment oxygen isotope compositions show that the Earth's climate has gone through a succession of glacial and interglacial periods during the past million years. But the interpretation of the oxygen isotope records is complicated because both isotope storage in ice sheets and deep-water temperature affect the recorded isotopic composition. Separating these two effects would require long records of either sea level or deep-ocean temperature, which are currently not available. Here we use a coupled model of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets and ocean temperatures, forced to match an oxygen isotope record for the past million years compiled from 57 globally distributed sediment cores, to quantify both contributions simultaneously. We find that the ice-sheet contribution to the variability in oxygen isotope composition varied from ten per cent in the beginning of glacial periods to sixty per cent at glacial maxima, suggesting that strong ocean cooling preceded slow ice-sheet build-up. The model yields mutually consistent time series of continental mean surface temperatures between 40 and 808 N, ice volume and global sea level. We find that during extreme glacial stages, air temperatures were 17 +/- 1.8C lower than present, with a 120 +/- 10m sea level equivalent of continental ice present.
description: Modelled reconstructions of surface air temperature, ice volume, 
and sea level derived from marine benthic oxygen isotopes (LR04 stack) 
for the past one million years.  

The reconstructed atmospheric surface air temperatures apply to 
all subarctic to arctic land masses (including continental shelves)
north of about ~45N.
DOI: 10.25921/neyp-pd48
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sun - Ertan R1 - PIYU - ITRDB CHIN078

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Climatology - analysis on the climatic difference of micro-topographical sites NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-01-15. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/nvqr-hd77
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Stockholm Winter/Spring 500 Year Temperature Reconstruction

description: Historical documentary sources, reflecting different port activities in Stockholm, are utilised to derive a 500-year winter/spring temperature reconstruction for the region. These documentary sources reflect sea ice conditions in the harbour inlet and those series that overlap with the instrumental data correlate well with winter/spring temperatures. By refining dendroclimatological methods, the time-series were composited to a mean series and calibrated (1756–1841; r2 = 66%) against Stockholm January-April temperatures. Strong verification was confirmed (1842-1892; r2 = 60%; RE/CE = 0.55). By including the instrumental data, the quantified (QUAN) reconstruction indicates that recent two decades have been the warmest period for the last 500 years. Coldest conditions occurred during the 16th/17th and early 19th centuries. An independent qualitative (QUAL) historical index was also derived for the Stockholm region. Comparison between QUAN and QUAL shows good coherence at inter-annual time-scales, but QUAL distinctly appears to lack low frequency information. Comparison is also made to other winter temperature based annually resolved records for the Baltic region. Between proxy coherence is generally good although it decreases going back in time with the 1500-1550 period being the weakest period - possibly reflecting data quality issues in the different reconstructions.
description: Reconstruction of winter and early spring (January-April) temperatures 
for Stockholm, Sweden, based on documentary evidence of shipping activity.  Documentary sources are used to determine the date when the sailing 
season started each year. The sailing season in spring is related to the ice cover of the Baltic, which is, in turn, closely related to the annual mean winter air temperature.  Dates are transformed into days after New Year according to the Gregorian calendar for 1500 AD onwards, and then used to reconstruct Stockholm winter/spring temperatures.  

The reconstruction is expressed as anomalies from the JFMA mean Stockholm temperature over the period 1961-1990 (which is -1.11 degC).  Subtracting 1.11 (or add -1.11) to all reconstructed temperature anomalies converts them to absolue JFMA mean temperatures.
DOI: 10.25921/nrf6-6897
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Ratcliff - Chilton English Double Bass - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT194

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Spruce table from a mid 19th century English double bass 
# belonging to Mr Roy Chilton, Trinity School, Croydon, Surrey U.K. 
# The front is in four pieces, two of which are adequately measurable. 
# The two central sections are from a book matched radially cut 
# spruce wedge. Those two series, 1 and 2, contain very strong 
# and representative signal resulting in highly significant 
# statistical crossdating t-values with reference chronologies, 
# the highest one being t=10.4, (t-values according to Baillie 
# and Pilcher 1973) for the mean of the two series crossdated with 
# the F. Schweingruber?s PCAB Obersaxen/Meierhof chronology from 
# central Switzerland, strongly suggesting likely wood origin.  
# Also statistically significant cross-matches of t>4 with 
# over 500 sequences from musical instruments from various 
# parts of Europe.    
#  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/nw8p-ae48
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pederson - Montgomery Place - QUPR - ITRDB NY031

description: Six water emergencies have occurred since 1981 for the New York City region (NYC) despite: 1) its perhumid climate, 2) substantial conservation of water since 1979 and 3) meteorological data showing little severe or extreme drought since 1970. We reconstruct 472 years of moisture availability for the NYC watershed to place these emergencies in long-term hydroclimatic context. Using nested reconstruction techniques, 32 tree-ring chronologies comprised of 12 species account for up to 66.2% of the average May-August Palmer Drought Severity Index. Verification statistics indicate good statistical skill from 1531-2003. The use of multiple tree species, including rarely-used species that can sometimes occur on mesic sites like Liriodendron tulipifera, Betula lenta and Carya spp., seems to aid reconstruction skill. Importantly, the reconstruction captures pluvial events in the instrumental record nearly as well as drought events and is significantly correlated to precipitation over much of the northeastern US. While the mid-1960s drought is a severe drought in the context of the new reconstruction, the region experienced repeated droughts of similar intensity, but greater duration during the 16th and 17th centuries. The full record reveals a trend towards more pluvial conditions since ca 1800 that is accentuated by an unprecedented, 43-year pluvial event that continues through 2011. In the context of the current pluvial, decreasing water usage, but increasing extra-urban pressures, it appears that the water supply system for the greater NYC region could be severely stressed if the current water boom shifts towards hydroclimatic regimes like the 16th and 17th centuries.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/nvkf-xr37
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Upper Snake River 415 Year Streamflow Reconstructions

description: Tree ring samples collected near the Snake River headwaters were augmented with preexisting tree ring chronologies to create a 415 year reconstruction of upper Snake River streamflow, extending the short instrumental record and providing the first description of multicentury water supply variability in this river. Results indicate that the region's early 21st century drought is severe even in the context of long-term climatic variability and that the instrumental record is representative of low-flow individual years. In terms of overall magnitude, droughts of the recent past are eclipsed by a sustained low-flow period lasting for over 30 years in the early to mid-1600s. A comparison of reconstructed Snake River flow with streamflow reconstructions of the Colorado, Sacramento, and Verde rivers suggests that changes in the predominance of zonal versus meridional atmospheric flow may have influenced drought patterns in the western United States through time.
description: Wise 2010 tree-ring reconstruction of streamflow at three gages in 
the upper Snake River.  Reconstruction is of total annual (water year) 
flow in acre-feet.  The reconstructed gage records are for the 
following gages: 
(1) Jackson Lake at Dam on Snake River near Moran, WY: 43.8575N,-110.59W, 2065M 
(2) south fork of the Snake River at Palisades Dam, ID: 43.3327N, -111.2025W, 1708M 
(3) Snake River near Heise, ID: 43.6419N, -111.6844W, 1525M

Reconstruction is based on 3 tree-ring chronologies: 
FMT Douglas fir (S. Gray): 42.96°N, 109.77°W, 2300m, 1507-2006AD 
HRI Limber pine (Teton Science School): 43.30°N, 110.67°W, 2000m 1505-2006AD 
RDH Limber pine (E. Wise): 43.62°N, 110.44°W, 2300m, 1322-2006AD 

The RDH chronology is archived in the International Tree Ring Data Bank (ITRDB): 
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering.html 

Instrumental data was supplied by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 
(http://www.usbr.gov/pn/hydromet).  See Wise (2010) for 
more complete description of data and methods.