DOI: 10.5061/dryad.66rm7
title: Data from: Spatial patterns of pathogenic and mutualistic fungi across the elevational range of a host plant

description: 1. Fungi are both agents of disease and mutualistic partners of plants.
 Previous studies have tested the effects of abiotic or biotic factors on
 plant-associated fungal communities in isolation. However, to better
 understand patterns of plant-fungal associations, the combined effects of
 abiotic and biotic drivers across environmental gradients may be
 important. 2. We investigated the effects of temperature, pH, soil
 moisture, vegetation cover and distance to host plant on the occurrence
 and abundance of fungi associated with Swiss stone pine (Pinus cembra). We
 did this by DNA metabarcoding 288 soil samples taken across and beyond the
 elevation range of P. cembra (i.e. 1850 – 2250 m a.s.l.) in two valleys in
 the Swiss Alps. We modeled the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on
 DNA read abundance of pathogenic and mutualistic fungal operational
 taxonomic units (OTUs) associated with P. cembra. We also tested whether
 abiotic and biotic factors differentially affected fungi of varying host
 specificity (i.e. host generalists, host specialists). 3. We found that
 the occurrences of both host generalist and specialist fungi exceeded the
 current elevational range of their host plant. Abiotic factors had only
 minor effects on the abundances of all fungal OTUs. However, we found
 positive effects of the host plant on the abundance of a host specialist
 pathogenic fungus, providing support for a Janzen-Connell effect of high
 pathogen accumulation close to conspecific host plants. We also found a
 positive response to the host plant in a specialist ectomycorrhizal
 fungus, suggesting an “inverse” Janzen-Connell effect. 4. Synthesis. Our
 findings imply that negative distance dependence shapes not only the
 distribution of host-specific fungal pathogens, but also host-specific
 fungal mutualists. We conclude that the occurrence of both pathogenic and
 mutualistic fungi beyond the current elevational range of host plants may
 determine their potential range shifts under projected climate warming.
description: fungal_occurance_raw_dataData were collected in the field during 2015 in the Flüela and Sertig valley, Davos, Switzerland. Abbreviated headlines are as follows: "soil_sampling_site" = soil sampling site,"distance_to_host" = m of distance to host plant, "elevation" = m a.s.l. of elevation,"soil_moisture" = % of soil moisture, "soil_ph" = pH of soil sample, "read_number" = n of sequencing read number, "region" = valley (D = Flüela, S = Sertig), "season" = sampling season, "MWT" = mean daily temperature (°C ) for the coldest three months (i.e. winter), "MST" = mean daily temperature (°C )for the hottest three months (i.e. summer), "vegetation_cover" = % of vegetation cover, "MMaxST" = mean daily maximum temperature (°C )for the hottest three months, "MMinWT" = mean daily minimum temperature (°C) for the coldest three months, "MHM" = mean daily temperature (°C) for the hottest month (i.e. July), "MCM" = mean daily temperature (°C) for the coldest month (i.e. January), "MMaxHM" = mean daily maximum temperature (°C) for the hottest month, "MMinCM" = mean daily minimum temperature (C°) for the coldest month, "OTU_#" = n of sequencing read number of respective OUT, "batch" = batch number of soil samples1st_chap_dryad_data.csv