cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453203
title: Living benthic foraminifera: biogeographical distributions and the significance of rare morphospecies

description: Previous studies have investigated regional distribution but this is the first attempt to investigate the global biogeographical distribution of individual morphospecies of living/stained smaller benthic foraminifera. From 8032 samples collected between 1952 and 2011 data have been gathered on the relative abundance of &gt;120 species in five major environments ranging from marsh to deep sea. There is a spectrum of six groups of species with abundance ranging from very high (Group 1) to extremely low (Group 6). In the latter species abundance never reaches 10% of an assemblage and, in many cases, it is only 1–2%. Individual species are shown to occupy a range of environments with very few being confined to a single environment (usually either marsh or deep sea). Some species occur in several oceans while others are confined to just one. There is no correlation between species abundance and being either widely or narrowly distributed. Propagules are the most likely mechanism of dispersal but some narrowly distributed species may not produce them. Generalists may be widely or narrowly distributed but opportunists are likely to be widely distributed. The rare species of Group 6 contribute to high diversity in shelf and deep-sea assemblages. These species may be adapted to minor differences in microhabitats induced by disturbance and patchy food supply. Patterns of biogeography have application to ecology, palaeoecology and taxonomy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453203.v1
title: Living benthic foraminifera: biogeographical distributions and the significance of rare morphospecies

description: Previous studies have investigated regional distribution but this is the first attempt to investigate the global biogeographical distribution of individual morphospecies of living/stained smaller benthic foraminifera. From 8032 samples collected between 1952 and 2011 data have been gathered on the relative abundance of &gt;120 species in five major environments ranging from marsh to deep sea. There is a spectrum of six groups of species with abundance ranging from very high (Group 1) to extremely low (Group 6). In the latter species abundance never reaches 10% of an assemblage and, in many cases, it is only 1–2%. Individual species are shown to occupy a range of environments with very few being confined to a single environment (usually either marsh or deep sea). Some species occur in several oceans while others are confined to just one. There is no correlation between species abundance and being either widely or narrowly distributed. Propagules are the most likely mechanism of dispersal but some narrowly distributed species may not produce them. Generalists may be widely or narrowly distributed but opportunists are likely to be widely distributed. The rare species of Group 6 contribute to high diversity in shelf and deep-sea assemblages. These species may be adapted to minor differences in microhabitats induced by disturbance and patchy food supply. Patterns of biogeography have application to ecology, palaeoecology and taxonomy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453200
title: <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age constraints on the Haifanggou and Lanqi formations: When did the first flowers bloom?

description: Well-preserved Mesozoic terrestrial fossils were discovered in the Haifanggou Formation and the overlying Lanqi Formation (or their correlative strata) in NE China. The recent discoveries of <em>Schmeissneria sinensis</em> and <em>Xingxueanthus sinensis</em> from the middle and upper Jurassic Haifanggou Formation provide evidence that the origin of angiosperms could be predate the Early Cretaceous. In addition to the finding of pre-Cretaceous angiosperms from the Haifanggou Formation, the overlying Lanqi Formation yields a rich and varied terrestrial flora. The high diversity and abundance of the palaeoflora from these formations provide a unique window to understand floral evolution and its diversification in the Mesozoic. Two tuff samples and one andesite sample collected from the Haifanggou and Lanqi formations near Beipiao City, Liaoning, NE China yield robust <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age results. Our <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age of 166.7 ± 1.0 Ma for plagioclases from one tuff interbedded in the fossiliferous horizons of the middle Haifanggou Formation provides accurate age calibration for the pre-Cretaceous angiosperms for the first time. Moreover, our age results for these fossil-bearing formations will improve our knowledge of the Jurassic environment in general, including the link between plants and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453200.v1
title: <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age constraints on the Haifanggou and Lanqi formations: When did the first flowers bloom?

description: Well-preserved Mesozoic terrestrial fossils were discovered in the Haifanggou Formation and the overlying Lanqi Formation (or their correlative strata) in NE China. The recent discoveries of <em>Schmeissneria sinensis</em> and <em>Xingxueanthus sinensis</em> from the middle and upper Jurassic Haifanggou Formation provide evidence that the origin of angiosperms could be predate the Early Cretaceous. In addition to the finding of pre-Cretaceous angiosperms from the Haifanggou Formation, the overlying Lanqi Formation yields a rich and varied terrestrial flora. The high diversity and abundance of the palaeoflora from these formations provide a unique window to understand floral evolution and its diversification in the Mesozoic. Two tuff samples and one andesite sample collected from the Haifanggou and Lanqi formations near Beipiao City, Liaoning, NE China yield robust <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age results. Our <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age of 166.7 ± 1.0 Ma for plagioclases from one tuff interbedded in the fossiliferous horizons of the middle Haifanggou Formation provides accurate age calibration for the pre-Cretaceous angiosperms for the first time. Moreover, our age results for these fossil-bearing formations will improve our knowledge of the Jurassic environment in general, including the link between plants and atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453197
title: <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages of crystallization and recrystallization of rock-forming polyhalite in Alpine rocksalt deposits

description: Polyhalite rocks of the evaporitic Haselgebirge Formation are emplaced within a rocksalt–mudrock tectonite. The rheologically weak series served as a major detachment level during nappe stacking of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps). To test the mineral polyhalite [K<sub>2</sub>Ca<sub>2</sub>Mg(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O] as a useful geochronometer for various diagenetic and deformation fabric types, <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age dating was combined with microstructural analysis. Vein infills, polyhalite intergrown with anhydrite and polyhalite within mudrock, crystallized in several stages between <em>c.</em> 235 and 210 Ma. Mylonites of fine-grained polyhalite rock indicate subsequent stages of tectonothermal overprint between <em>c.</em> 155 and 105 Ma, which is roughly consistent with previously measured feldspar and muscovite <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar data from the region. Illite crystallinity points to temperatures of <em>c.</em> 200 °C. The peak temperature of overprint was at <em>c.</em> 180 °C in the Berchtesgaden mine (vitrinite reflectance, fluid inclusions) and &gt;240 °C in the Altaussee mine (fluid inclusions). These temperatures are below the value of 255 °C, where polyhalite starts to dehydrate. Disturbed age spectra patterns result from multiphase polyhalite growth; however, single phases and completely recrystallized fabrics yield good results. As in the Alpine test case, polyhalite may characteristically serve as a geochronometer for diagenetic and very-low-grade metamorphic processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453197.v1
title: <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar ages of crystallization and recrystallization of rock-forming polyhalite in Alpine rocksalt deposits

description: Polyhalite rocks of the evaporitic Haselgebirge Formation are emplaced within a rocksalt–mudrock tectonite. The rheologically weak series served as a major detachment level during nappe stacking of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Eastern Alps). To test the mineral polyhalite [K<sub>2</sub>Ca<sub>2</sub>Mg(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O] as a useful geochronometer for various diagenetic and deformation fabric types, <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar age dating was combined with microstructural analysis. Vein infills, polyhalite intergrown with anhydrite and polyhalite within mudrock, crystallized in several stages between <em>c.</em> 235 and 210 Ma. Mylonites of fine-grained polyhalite rock indicate subsequent stages of tectonothermal overprint between <em>c.</em> 155 and 105 Ma, which is roughly consistent with previously measured feldspar and muscovite <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar data from the region. Illite crystallinity points to temperatures of <em>c.</em> 200 °C. The peak temperature of overprint was at <em>c.</em> 180 °C in the Berchtesgaden mine (vitrinite reflectance, fluid inclusions) and &gt;240 °C in the Altaussee mine (fluid inclusions). These temperatures are below the value of 255 °C, where polyhalite starts to dehydrate. Disturbed age spectra patterns result from multiphase polyhalite growth; however, single phases and completely recrystallized fabrics yield good results. As in the Alpine test case, polyhalite may characteristically serve as a geochronometer for diagenetic and very-low-grade metamorphic processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453194
title: Characterization of dense zones within the Danian chalks of the Ekofisk Field, Norwegian North Sea

description: The Ekofisk Field is a giant field which has been producing at a high level for more than forty years and, since 1987, this production has taken place with the support of sea-water injection. The Danian-aged chalk deposits of the Ekofisk Formation and the Maastrichtian Tor Formation form the main reservoir units in the Ekofisk Field. The Ekofisk Formation principally consists of porous resedimented chalks intercalated with relatively thin and lower porosity beds, called dense zones. A multi-scale study of dense zones, from scanning electron microscopy to wells and seismic impedance data, has allowed the characterization and mapping of these deposits. Five main dense zone lithotypes have been identified: (1) argillaceous chalk; (2) chalk with abundant flint nodules; (3) chalk beds cemented with silica/nano-quartz; (4) calcite-cemented chalk; and (5) stylolitized chalk. The different types of dense zones tend to cluster in certain stratigraphic intervals, such as the EE and EM reservoir units at the base and in the middle part of the Ekofisk Formation. Dense zones have different mechanical properties compared to porous chalks and, depending on the connectivity of their fracture networks, they can act as preferential conduits or baffles for the reservoir fluids. An increased understanding of the distribution, characteristics and geological factors at the origin of the dense zones is fundamental to better define the reservoir architecture and ultimately identify unswept zones for future infill drilling targets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453194.v1
title: Characterization of dense zones within the Danian chalks of the Ekofisk Field, Norwegian North Sea

description: The Ekofisk Field is a giant field which has been producing at a high level for more than forty years and, since 1987, this production has taken place with the support of sea-water injection. The Danian-aged chalk deposits of the Ekofisk Formation and the Maastrichtian Tor Formation form the main reservoir units in the Ekofisk Field. The Ekofisk Formation principally consists of porous resedimented chalks intercalated with relatively thin and lower porosity beds, called dense zones. A multi-scale study of dense zones, from scanning electron microscopy to wells and seismic impedance data, has allowed the characterization and mapping of these deposits. Five main dense zone lithotypes have been identified: (1) argillaceous chalk; (2) chalk with abundant flint nodules; (3) chalk beds cemented with silica/nano-quartz; (4) calcite-cemented chalk; and (5) stylolitized chalk. The different types of dense zones tend to cluster in certain stratigraphic intervals, such as the EE and EM reservoir units at the base and in the middle part of the Ekofisk Formation. Dense zones have different mechanical properties compared to porous chalks and, depending on the connectivity of their fracture networks, they can act as preferential conduits or baffles for the reservoir fluids. An increased understanding of the distribution, characteristics and geological factors at the origin of the dense zones is fundamental to better define the reservoir architecture and ultimately identify unswept zones for future infill drilling targets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453191
title: Challenging deep-sea cosmopolitanism: taxonomic re-evaluation and biogeography of ‘<em>Cythere dasyderma</em> Brady, 1880’ (Ostracoda)

description: <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> Brady, 1880 was described from samples collected from all the world’s oceans during the HMS <em>Challenger</em> expedition in the 1870s. Subsequently, <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> (or <em>Echinocythereis dasyderma</em>, or <em>Henryhowella dasyderma</em>) has been recorded from the Late Eocene to Recent, from Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, Pacific and Southern oceans, and from intertidal to deep abyssal environments. However, even cursory inspection of illustrations from over 50 publications shows that several species have been included in ‘<em>Cythere dasyderma</em>’. Here, all syntypes of <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> Brady, 1880 archived in the Natural History Museum, London have been re-studied. This species is re-described, re-diagnosed and illustrated with scanning electron microscope images. <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> is assigned to <em>Ayressoleberis</em> gen. nov., which is described here. The geographical distribution of <em>Ayressoleberis dasyderma</em> (Brady, 1880) comb. nov. is no longer cosmopolitan, and includes only the type locality in the abyssal southeastern Pacific. Most of the specimens previously identified as <em>Cythere dasyderma</em>, or its synonyms, belong to other trachyleberidid genera (e.g. <em>Henryhowella</em>, <em>Legitimocythere</em>, <em>Pennyella</em>) and not to <em>Ayressoleberis dasyderma</em> comb. nov. A new species of <em>Ayressoleberis</em>, very similar to <em>Ayressoleberis dasyderma</em> comb. nov., is described and illustrated from specimens previously included amongst the syntypes of ‘<em>Cythere acanthoderma</em> Brady, 1880’. These latter specimens were collected from the continental slope of the southwestern Indian Ocean. This new species is left in open nomenclature herein because only two left valves are currently available.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12917627
title: Supplementary Material for: Rituximab Monotherapy or in Combination with Bendamustine Is Not Inferior to Rituximab-CHOP Regimen in the Treatment of Patients with Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma in the Real Life

description: Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a rare lymphoma belonging to the marginal zone lymphoproliferative disorders. Usually, SMZL occurs with indolent presentation and, when required, the standard of care is represented by rituximab-based regimens. No direct comparison of different rituximab-based combinations and polychemotherapy regimens has been conducted to date. In a monocentric cohort of 68 SMLZ patients, we showed that rituximab in monotherapy or in combination with bendamustine, compared with rituximab associated with the polychemotherapy cycle cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP), resulted in a higher 5-year progression-free survival (91.3 ± 9% and 75 ± 15.7% vs. 30.8 ± 12.1%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Platelets at diagnosis &lt;100 ×10<sup>9</sup>/L (<i>p</i> = 0.034, HR = 4.3) and transformation into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (<i>p</i> = 0.031, HR = 4.3) were associated with a lower overall survival.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453191.v1
title: Challenging deep-sea cosmopolitanism: taxonomic re-evaluation and biogeography of ‘<em>Cythere dasyderma</em> Brady, 1880’ (Ostracoda)

description: <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> Brady, 1880 was described from samples collected from all the world’s oceans during the HMS <em>Challenger</em> expedition in the 1870s. Subsequently, <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> (or <em>Echinocythereis dasyderma</em>, or <em>Henryhowella dasyderma</em>) has been recorded from the Late Eocene to Recent, from Atlantic, Arctic, Indian, Pacific and Southern oceans, and from intertidal to deep abyssal environments. However, even cursory inspection of illustrations from over 50 publications shows that several species have been included in ‘<em>Cythere dasyderma</em>’. Here, all syntypes of <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> Brady, 1880 archived in the Natural History Museum, London have been re-studied. This species is re-described, re-diagnosed and illustrated with scanning electron microscope images. <em>Cythere dasyderma</em> is assigned to <em>Ayressoleberis</em> gen. nov., which is described here. The geographical distribution of <em>Ayressoleberis dasyderma</em> (Brady, 1880) comb. nov. is no longer cosmopolitan, and includes only the type locality in the abyssal southeastern Pacific. Most of the specimens previously identified as <em>Cythere dasyderma</em>, or its synonyms, belong to other trachyleberidid genera (e.g. <em>Henryhowella</em>, <em>Legitimocythere</em>, <em>Pennyella</em>) and not to <em>Ayressoleberis dasyderma</em> comb. nov. A new species of <em>Ayressoleberis</em>, very similar to <em>Ayressoleberis dasyderma</em> comb. nov., is described and illustrated from specimens previously included amongst the syntypes of ‘<em>Cythere acanthoderma</em> Brady, 1880’. These latter specimens were collected from the continental slope of the southwestern Indian Ocean. This new species is left in open nomenclature herein because only two left valves are currently available.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453188
title: Ammonoid recovery after the Permian–Triassic mass extinction: a re-exploration of morphological and phylogenetic diversity patterns

description: The explosive ammonoid rediversification after the Permian–Triassic mass extinction is now well understood in terms of taxonomic richness and biogeography. Using an updated dataset of Early Triassic ammonoids, we compare morphological disparity and taxonomic richness patterns at the regional and global scales. Disparity evolved similarly at both scales, suggesting a global influence of abiotic factors. Morphological diversification occurred early in the Smithian and a marked contraction of the morphospace took place during the end-Smithian extinction. We confirm that trends in disparity and richness were decoupled during the Griesbachian and Dienerian. Three macroevolutionary processes may be involved: (1) a nonselective extinction at the Permian–Triassic boundary; (2) a Dienerian constrained radiation with several homeomorphic genera; (3) a potential deterministic extinction during the end-Smithian crisis. We also demonstrate a superfamily imprint upon disparity for the Spathian when most superfamilies occupied a restricted part of the morphospace. Sphaerocones were the most affected by the Dienerian and end-Smithian extinction, but explanations remain elusive. On the one hand, this may be linked to widespread harsh conditions at those times. On the other hand, as the sphaerocones occurred episodically during the Early Triassic, this might be explained by a relaxing of ecological constraints or simply by convergent evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3453188.v1
title: Ammonoid recovery after the Permian–Triassic mass extinction: a re-exploration of morphological and phylogenetic diversity patterns

description: The explosive ammonoid rediversification after the Permian–Triassic mass extinction is now well understood in terms of taxonomic richness and biogeography. Using an updated dataset of Early Triassic ammonoids, we compare morphological disparity and taxonomic richness patterns at the regional and global scales. Disparity evolved similarly at both scales, suggesting a global influence of abiotic factors. Morphological diversification occurred early in the Smithian and a marked contraction of the morphospace took place during the end-Smithian extinction. We confirm that trends in disparity and richness were decoupled during the Griesbachian and Dienerian. Three macroevolutionary processes may be involved: (1) a nonselective extinction at the Permian–Triassic boundary; (2) a Dienerian constrained radiation with several homeomorphic genera; (3) a potential deterministic extinction during the end-Smithian crisis. We also demonstrate a superfamily imprint upon disparity for the Spathian when most superfamilies occupied a restricted part of the morphospace. Sphaerocones were the most affected by the Dienerian and end-Smithian extinction, but explanations remain elusive. On the one hand, this may be linked to widespread harsh conditions at those times. On the other hand, as the sphaerocones occurred episodically during the Early Triassic, this might be explained by a relaxing of ecological constraints or simply by convergent evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12917627.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Rituximab Monotherapy or in Combination with Bendamustine Is Not Inferior to Rituximab-CHOP Regimen in the Treatment of Patients with Splenic Marginal Zone Lymphoma in the Real Life

description: Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a rare lymphoma belonging to the marginal zone lymphoproliferative disorders. Usually, SMZL occurs with indolent presentation and, when required, the standard of care is represented by rituximab-based regimens. No direct comparison of different rituximab-based combinations and polychemotherapy regimens has been conducted to date. In a monocentric cohort of 68 SMLZ patients, we showed that rituximab in monotherapy or in combination with bendamustine, compared with rituximab associated with the polychemotherapy cycle cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP), resulted in a higher 5-year progression-free survival (91.3 ± 9% and 75 ± 15.7% vs. 30.8 ± 12.1%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Platelets at diagnosis &lt;100 ×10<sup>9</sup>/L (<i>p</i> = 0.034, HR = 4.3) and transformation into diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (<i>p</i> = 0.031, HR = 4.3) were associated with a lower overall survival.