cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/35yr-5285
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 16000 Year Bidecadal Oxygen Isotope Data

description: Changes in solar constant over an 11 yr cycle suggest a certain, but limited, degree of solar forcing of climate. The high-resolution climate (oxygen isotope) record of the Greenland GISP2 (Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2) ice core has been analyzed for solar (and volcanic) influences. The atmospheric14C record is used as a proxy of solar change and compared to the oxygen isotope profile in the GISP2 ice core. An annual oxygen isotope profile is derived from centimeter-scale isotope measurements available for the post-A.D. 818 interval. Associated extreme summer and winter isotope ratios were found to yield similar climate information over the last millennium. The detailed record of volcanic aerosols, converted to optical depth and volcanic explosivity change, was also compared to the isotope record and the oxygen isotope response calibrated to short-term volcanic influences on climate. This calibration shows that century-scale volcanic modulation of the GISP2 oxygen isotope record can be neglected in our analysis of solar forcing. The timing, estimated order of temperature change, and phase lag of several maxima in14C and minima in18O are suggestive of a solar component to the forcing of Greenland climate over the current millennium. The fractional climate response of the cold interval associated with the Maunder sunspot minimum (and14C maximum), as well as the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age temperature trend of the past millennium, are compatible with solar climate forcing, with an order of magnitude of solar constant change of -0.3%. Even though solar forcing of climate for the current millennium is a reasonable hypothesis, for the rest of the Holocene the century-scale events are more frequent in the oxygen isotope record than in the14C record and a significant correlation is absent. For this interval, oceanic/atmospheric circulation forcing of climate may dominate. Solar forcing during the surprisingly strong 1470 yr climate cycle of the 11,000-75,000 yr B.P. interval is rather hypothetical.
description: This file contains the GISP2 bidecadal delta 18O data set back to 16,510
yr B.P., measured at the Quaternary Isotope Laboratory, University of
Washington, as of February 1st, 1997.  The timescale includes revisions by
D. A. Meese as of September 1994. The GISP2 depths below 167 meters are
those of the D core; above 167 meters the core depths are those of the B
core + 1.09 meters.  See the file gisp2age.dat for further information on
the timescale.
DOI: 10.25921/3382-bp18
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Swiss 567 Year Grape Harvest Date Spring/Summer Temperature Reconstruction

description: The heat of summer 2003 in Western and Central Europe was claimed to be unprecedented since the Middle Ages on the basis of grape harvest data (GHD) and late wood maximum density (MXD) data from trees in the Alps. This paper shows that the authors of these studies overlooked the fact that the heat and drought in Switzerland in 1540 likely exceeded the amplitude of the previous hottest summer of 2003, because the persistent temperature and precipitation anomaly in that year, described in an abundant and coherent body of documentary evidence, severely affected the reliability of GHD and tree-rings as proxy-indicators for temperature estimates. Spring-summer (AMJJ) temperature anomalies of 4.7C to 6.8C being significantly higher than in 2003 were assessed for 1540 from a new long Swiss GHD series (1444 to 2011). During the climax of the heat wave in early August the grapes desiccated on the vine, which caused many vine-growers to interrupt or postpone the harvest despite full grape maturity until after the next spell of rain. Likewise, the leaves of many trees withered and fell to the ground under extreme drought stress as would usually be expected in late autumn. It remains to be determined by further research whether and how far this result obtained from local analyses can be spatially extrapolated. Based on the temperature estimates for Switzerland it is assumed from a great number of coherent qualitative documentary evidence about the outstanding heat drought in 1540 that AMJJ temperatures were likely more extreme in neighbouring regions of Western and Central Europe than in 2003. Considering the significance of soil moisture deficits for record breaking heat waves, these results still need to be validated with estimated seasonal precipitation. It is concluded that biological proxy data may not properly reveal record breaking heat and drought events. Such assessments thus need to be complemented with the critical study of contemporary evidence from documentary sources which provide coherent and detailed data about weather extremes and related impacts on human, ecological and social systems.
description: 567-yr long reconstruction of spring-summer (AMJJ) temperatures from documentary-based grape harvest starting dates (GHD).  The new Swiss GHD series is composed from four different kinds of GHD;  (a) (institutional) wage payment data (WPD) (b) (Institutional) grape harvest ban related data (GHBD)
(c) (individual) historic phenological data (HPD) (d) (institutional) phenological network observation (PNO).  Assessments of full grape maturity in 1540 is drawn from HPD in combination with narrative information.  Temperature reconstruction via linear regression between measured temperatures and GHD proxy data series.
DOI: 10.25921/3xc1-5k28
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Samonil - Zofinsky prales - ABAL - ITRDB CZEC003

description: We connected tree-census and dendrochronological research data (74.2 ha) in order to answer the following questions: How do we apply an individual-based approach, which allows us to abandon the traditional patch model, in the research of disturbance history through spatial scales? What is the disturbance history of the natural forest? How do we understand the influence of the Kyrill storm, which affected the reserve on 18 January 2007? How does the disturbance history in dendrochronological records correspond to real disturbances?
Location

Žofínský Prales (48 °40′ N, 14 °42′ E, 735-830 m a.s.l., granite, Czech Republic)
Methods

Repeated tree-censuses (>20 000 trees) were carried out in 1975, 1997 and 2008. These surveys served as the basis of dendrochronological research, during which 3 020 trees were sampled. A boundary line (BL) approach and geostatistical techniques were used to detect disturbance intensity and its spatial pattern.
Results

The mean disturbance rate was 11.0% canopy loss per decade (maximum 33.7%) in the core zone. Bordering forests were directly affected by humans after 1800. A maximum of nine disturbance events were recorded per tree, but there were also 3% of non-suppressed trees without records of disturbance events. The Kyrill storm represented a singular event in the forest history from the point of view of its exceptional spatial pattern (ranges up to 320.0 m), but not from the perspective of disturbance intensity. The relationship between disturbance intensity (y) and the range of spatial autocorrelation (x) can be explained by the equation y = 10.6863 + 0.0783*x (R2 = 0.546, P = 0.009). The spatial variability of releases ≥50% of BL corresponds to real disturbance events, while the insertion of weak releases led to the overestimation of range. The frequency of releases was affected by a decrease in air pollution at the beginning of the 1990s.
Conclusions

Effects of small-scale disturbances predominate in forest dynamics. Disturbance intensity was often not directly in accordance with the range of spatial autocorrelation. The ecological role of disturbance is therefore biased if disturbance intensity is used as the sole criterion. The results suggest the importance of historical and geographical contingency in ecosystem development.
description:  NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-19. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/3b5r-2k28
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GRIP Ice Core Borehole Temperature Data

description: Modelling the temperature profile along the GRIP deep bore at the summit of the Greenland ice sheet leads to conversion factors that allow interpretation of the dated stable isotope profile as a climatic temperature record spanning the last 113,000 years. When corrected for surface elevation changes, the late glacial to Boreal temperature shift appears to have been 22C in central Greenland. The warming at the end of the last glaciation probably began earlier in Greenland, than in Antarctica.
description: The profile shows the temperature of the GRIP borehole as measured in 1994.
DOI: 10.25921/3nra-pz22
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - North Greenland Eemian (NEEM) Ice Core 107KYr High-Resolution Methane Data

description: The Greenland NEEM (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling) operation in 2010 provided the first opportunity to combine trace-gas measurements by laser spectroscopic instruments and continuous-flow analysis along a freshly drilled ice core in a field-based setting. We present the resulting atmospheric methane (CH4) record covering the time period from 107.7 to 9.5 ka b2k (thousand years before 2000 AD). Companion discrete CH4 measurements are required to transfer the laser spectroscopic data from a relative to an absolute scale. However, even on a relative scale, the high-resolution CH4 data set significantly improves our knowledge of past atmospheric methane concentration changes. New significant sub-millennial-scale features appear during interstadials and stadials, generally associated with similar changes in water isotopic ratios of the ice, a proxy for local temperature. In addition to the midpoint of Dansgaard-Oeschger (D/O) CH4 transitions usually used for cross-dating, sharp definition of the start and end of these events brings precise depth markers (with +/- 20 cm uncertainty) for further cross-dating with other palaeo- or ice core records, e.g. speleothems. The method also provides an estimate of CH4 rates of change. The onsets of D/O events in the methane signal show a more rapid rate of change than their endings. The rate of CH4 increase associated with the onsets of D/O events progressively declines from 1.7 to 0.6 ppbv yr-1 in the course of marine isotope stage 3. The largest observed rate of increase takes place at the onset of D/O event 21 and reaches 2.5 ppbv yr-1.
description: High-resolution methane (CH4) data from the North Greenland Eemian (NEEM) ice core for the time period 107.7 to 9.5 ka b2k.
DOI: 10.25921/3nyd-tw67
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho 26,000 Year Physical Properties Data

description: Bear Lake is a long-lived lake filling a tectonic depression between the Bear River Range to the west and the Bear River Plateau to the east, and straddling the border between Utah and Idaho. Mineralogy, elemental geochemistry, and magnetic properties provide information about variations in provenance of allogenic lithic material in last-glacial-age, quartz-rich sediment in Bear Lake. Grain-size data from the siliciclastic fraction of late-glacial to Holocene carbonate-rich sediments provide information about variations in lake level. For the quartz-rich lower unit, which was deposited while the Bear River flowed into and out of the lake, four source areas are recognized on the basis of modern fluvial samples with contrasting properties that reflect differences in bedrock geology and in magnetite content from dust. One of these areas is underlain by hematite-rich Uinta Mountain Group rocks in the headwaters of the Bear River. Although Uinta Mountain Group rocks make up a small fraction of the catchment, hematite-rich material from this area is an important component of the lower unit. This material is interpreted to be glacial flour.  Variations in the input of glacial flour are interpreted as having caused quasi-cyclical variations in mineralogical and elemental concentrations, and in magnetic properties within the lower unit. The carbonate-rich younger unit was deposited under conditions similar to those of the modern lake, with the Bear River largely bypassing the lake. For two cores taken in more than 30 m of water, median grain sizes in this unit range from ~6 um to more than 30 um, with the coarsest grain sizes associated with beach or shallow-water deposits. Similar grain-size variations are observed as a function of water depth 
in the modern lake and provide the basis for interpreting the core grain-size data in terms of lake level.

description: The data are grain sizes for surface samples and samples from sediment cores from Bear Lake, Utah and Idaho, plus X-ray diffraction results, elemental analyses and magnetic properties for fluvial and core samples.
DOI: 10.25921/3rg0-nx94
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Tropical Pacific Geochemistry Data and SST Reconstructions for the Late Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum

description: El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major source of global interannual variability, but its response to climate change is uncertain. Paleoclimate records from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) provide insight into ENSO behavior when global boundary conditions (ice sheet extent, atmospheric partial pressure of CO2) were different from those today. In this work, we reconstruct LGM temperature variability at equatorial Pacific sites using measurements of individual planktonic foraminifera shells. A deep equatorial thermocline altered the dynamics in the eastern equatorial cold tongue, resulting in reduced ENSO variability during the LGM compared to the Late Holocene. These results suggest that ENSO was not tied directly to the east-west temperature gradient, as previously suggested. Rather, the thermocline of the eastern equatorial Pacific played a decisive role in the ENSO response to LGM climate.
DOI: 10.25921/3y53-b244
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Walker - Georgia-HWA - TSCA - ITRDB GA023

description: Context: 
Hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae) is an invasive insect that is defoliating and killing eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) in the USA.
Aims: 
We quantified changes in tree-ring growth rates and wood anatomy for living trees infested with hemlock woolly adelgid across six sites from Massachusetts (42°41'N) to Georgia (34°53'N) to identify growth responses of eastern hemlock that had survived infestation.
Methods: 
Annual ring widths from infested eastern hemlocks were cross-dated and measured. Growth rates before and after infestation were compared. Two infested trees from Virginia were cut, and thin sections were prepared to identify changes in cell properties.
Results: 
At three sites, trees experienced a significant decrease in radial growth after hemlock woolly adelgid arrival; however, the other three sites showed no change or increase in growth. Latewood produced after hemlock woolly adelgid infestation had significantly smaller cells with reduced cell wall thickness compared to latewood prior to infestation.
Conclusion: 
At half the sites where hemlock woolly adelgid infested eastern hemlock trees were sampled, radial growth increased or remained unchanged. This unexpected response may be due to reduced competition due to mortality of other eastern hemlocks or physiological compensatory responses of increased photosynthetic rate and increased water use efficiency experienced by eastern hemlock infested with hemlock woolly adelgid. 
description: Purpose of Collection:
# Ecology - insect outbreaks
# 
# Cores are stored at:
# Virginia Tech Tree-Ring Lab
# 
# Notes:
# These cores were collected because of an insect outbreak. 
# Not recommended for use in climate reconstruction. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.16270.56649
title: Pichia kudriavzevii internal transcribed spacer 1, partial sequence; 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, complete sequence; and internal transcribed spacer 2, partial sequence
DOI: 10.25921/35p1-2n21
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Western Equatorial Pacific Pliocene Mg/Ca and Subsurface Temperature

description: The tropical Pacific thermocline strength, depth, and tilt are critical to tropical mean state and variability. During the early Pliocene (~3.5 to 4.5 Ma), the Eastern Equatorial Pacific (EEP) thermocline was deeper and the cold tongue was warmer than today, which resulted in a mean state with a reduced zonal sea surface temperature gradient or El Padre. However, it is unclear whether the deep thermocline was a local feature of the EEP or a basin-wide condition with global implications. Our measurements of Mg/Ca of Globorotalia tumida in a western equatorial Pacific site indicate Pliocene subsurface temperatures warmer than today; thus, El Padre included a basin-wide thermocline that was relatively warm, deep, and weakly tilted. At ~4 Ma, thermocline steepening was coupled to cooling of the cold tongue. Since ~4 Ma, the basin-wide thermocline cooled/shoaled gradually, with implications for thermocline feedbacks in tropical dynamics and the interpretation of TEX86-derived temperatures.
description: Mg/Ca values from Globorotalia tumida and reconstructed subsurface temperature from Western Pacific Warm Pool ODP Site 806.
DOI: 10.25921/3y03-6842
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Ongoke Lake, Alaska 2,000 Year Diatom, Chironomid, and Geochemical Data

description: We analyzed sediments of the past 2000 years from Ongoke Lake, southwest Alaska, for organic carbon, organic nitrogen, biogenic silica (BSi), and diatom assemblages at decadal to centennial resolution to infer limnological changes that may be related to climatic variation in southwestern Alaska. The chronology is based on a 210Pb profile from bulk sediments and nine AMS 14C ages from terrestrial plant macrofossils. Four of the 14C ages span a core depth interval of 60.5 cm but are statistically indistinguishable from one another with a mean of ~1300 AD, which compromises the determination of temporal trends at Ongoke Lake and comparison with other paleoclimate records. The diatom record suggests changes in the duration of ice cover and strength of thermal stratification that are probably related to temperature variation. This variation includes a cold interval around the first millennium cooling (FMC) and a warm interval spanning the medieval climate anomaly (MCA). However, the lake-sediment record shows no clear signals of temperature variation for the period of the Little Ice Age (LIA) or the twentieth century. Climatic changes during these periods may have been manifested through effective-moisture (precipitation minus evapotranspiration) variation in the Ongoke Lake area. We estimate water depths and infer effective-moisture fluctuations by applying a regional transfer function to our diatom record. Together with inferences from diatom autecologies, this water-depth reconstruction suggests that effective moisture increased steadily from 50 BC to 350 AD, which was followed by relatively dry conditions between 550 and 750 AD and relatively wet conditions between 750 and 1450 AD. Effective moisture was low from ~1450 to 1850 AD, coinciding with the LIA; an alternative age model places this interval between ~1315 and 1850 AD. During the past 150 years, effective moisture increased, with estimated water depths reaching peak values in the second half of the twentieth century.  This study offers the first paleolimnological record for inferring centennial-scale climatic variation over the past two millennia from southwestern Alaska.
description: High resolution diatom and chironomid counts and geochemical data (bulk density, LOI, lithics, C/N, biogenic Si) for Ongoke Lake, Alaska, for the past 2000 years.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.29364.65920
title: Nucleotide sequence - Bacillus 16S rRNA gene, strain - Probiotic bacteria from shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.35236.68481
title: Dataset for Chapter 6 of Modeling the Habitat and Spread of the Eastern Fox Squirrel and its Impacts on the Western Gray Squirrel in California, Eastern Fox Squirrel in United States, Modern Data
DOI: 10.25921/3ee7-kx97
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Makassar Strait - Single specimens of P. obliquiloculata d18O and d13C from 704-1851 AD

description: We present a reconstruction of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability spanning the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, A.D. 800-1300) and the Little Ice Age (LIA, A.D. 1500-1850). Changes in ENSO are estimated by comparing the spread and symmetry of d18O values of individual speciments of the thermocline-dwelling foraminifer Pulleniatina obliquiloculata extracted from discrete time horizons of a sediment core collected in the Sulawesi Sea, at the edge of the western tropical Pacific warm pool. The spread of individual d18O values is interpreted to be a measure of the strength of both phases of ENSO while the symmetry of the d18O distributions is used to evaluate the relative strength/frequency of El Nino and La Nina events. In contrast to previous studies, we use robust and resistant statistics to quantify the spread and symmetry of the d18O distributions; an approach motivated by the relatively small sample size and the presence of outliers. Furthermore, we use a pseudo-proxy to investigate the effects of the different paleo-environmental factors on the statistics of the d18O distributions, which could bias the paleo-ENSO reconstruction. We find no systematic difference in the magnitude/strength of ENSO during the Nothern Hemisphere MCA or LIA. However, our results suggest that ENSO during the MCA was kewed toward stronger/more frequent La Nina than El Nino, an observation consistent with the medieval megadroughts documented from sites in western North America.
description: This dataset contains the d18O, d13C, and weights of single specimens of P. obliquiloculata used in the reconstruction of ENSO variability over the past 2,000 years.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fsnrx5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Porifera",
 "DatasetKey is SILENE-FAUNE-PACA - Groupe_Lamo_Naturae_2017_12_18",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Geometry POLYGON ((-25.03991 31.75, 41.65954 31.75, 41.65954 71.53037, -25.03991 71.53037, -25.03991 31.75))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0221313-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.55qh2s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Arthropoda",
 "DatasetKey is Transfert de fichier de données naturalistes d'observateurs indépendants à l'Observatoire FAUNA-Données naturalistes opportunistes de Cedric DEVILLEGER",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Geometry POLYGON ((-25.03991 31.75, 41.65954 31.75, 41.65954 71.53037, -25.03991 71.53037, -25.03991 31.75))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0227021-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.d9d2xh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 24 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Kenya",
 "TaxonKey is Tabernaemontana ventricosa Hochst. ex A.DC."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 24 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0124478-230530130749713/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.