DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v15dv425f
title: Data from: Association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with risk of lung cancer in individuals aged 40 years and older: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2013-2018

description: Background It remains unclear whether chronic obstructive pulmonary
 disease (COPD) is an independent risk factor for lung cancer after
 excluding confounding factors such as smoking, age, gender, body mass
 index (BMI), comorbidities, etc. Methods Data from 11,440 participants (≥
 40 years old) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
 (NHANES) 2013-2018 were analyzed. Weighted multivariable logistic
 regression models were used to assess the association between COPD and
 lung cancer risk. Subgroup analyses were based on age, gender, body mass
 index (BMI), and smoking. Results This study included 660 COPD patients
 and 10,780 participants without COPD. The prevalence of lung cancer was
 significantly higher in COPD patients compared to participants without
 COPD (3.39% vs 0.14%). After adjusting for confounding factors, COPD was
 associated with a significantly increased risk of lung cancer (OR, 12.24,
 95% CI, 4.99-30.06, p &lt; 0.001). This association remained
 significant in all subgroups, particularly in individuals aged &gt; 65
 years (OR, 20.05, 95% CI, 6.85-58.72, p &lt; 0.001), smokers (OR,
 19.38, 95% CI, 2.02-185.66, p = 0.010), males (OR, 17.39, 95% CI,
 5.28-57.31, p &lt; 0.001), individuals who quit smoking within 10
 years (OR, 12.86, 95% CI, 2.59, 63.99, p = 0.002), and individuals with a
 BMI &gt; 25 kg/m2 (OR, 14.56, 95% CI, 3.88-54.69, p &lt; 0.001).
 Conclusions COPD is an independent risk factor for lung cancer, especially
 in certain subgroups. The combination of COPD and smoking greatly
 amplifies the lung cancer risk. These findings highlight the importance of
 early lung cancer screening in COPD patients.
description: The data analyzed in this study are from the National Health and
 Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which are publicly available and
 can be downloaded from the NHANES website:
 http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nhanes.htm We obtained data
 from the NHANES database website for the three cycles of 2013-2014,
 2015-2016, and 2017-2018. Data analysis, including baseline characteristic
 distribution, weighted multivariable logistic regression models,  and
 subgroup analysis, was conducted using StataMP17.0.
description: # Data from: Association of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with
 risk of lung cancer in individuals aged 40 years and older: A
 cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2013-2018
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.v15dv425f](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.v15dv425f) ## Description of the data and file structure #### File: COPD\_lung\_cancer\_dataset.xlsx **Description:** Variables in the dataset ##### Variables: AGEC (%): Age, in two categories: ≤ 65 years old=1 & &gt; 65 years old=2 GENDER (%): Gender, in two categories: male=1 & female=2 RACE (%): Race, in five categories: Non-Hispanic white=0 & Mexican American=1 & Other Hispanic=2 & Non-Hispanic black=4 & Other Race=5 BMIC (%): Body mass index (BMI), in three categories: ≤ 25 kg/m2=1 & &gt; 25 kg/m2=2 & Unclassified=999. EDUC: Education level, in four categories: &lt; High school=1 & High school =2 & ＞High school=3 & Unclassified=999 INC(%): Annual family income, in three categories: &lt; 20000 USD=1 & ≥20000 USD=2 & Unclassified=999. ASTHMA (%): Asthma status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. DIABETES(%): Diabetes status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. CHF(%): Chronic heart failure (Congestive heart failure) status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. CHD(%): Coronary heart disease status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. STROKE(%): Stroke status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. COPD(%): Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. LUNGCANCER(%): Lung cancer status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. SMOKER(%): Smoking status, Smokers (Yes)=1 & Non-smokers (No)=0 & Unclassified=999. SMOKER QUITTIME(%): Smoking cessation duration, in three categories: ≤ 10 years=0 & ＞10 years=1 & Unclassified=999. EMPHYSEMA(%): Emphysema status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. CHRONICBRONCHITIS(%): Chronic bronchitis status, in three categories: yes=1 & no=0 & Unclassified=999. WT: Sampling weight, the final weights obtained after analysis. As three cycles of NHANES data were included, the sample weight (WTMEC6YR) was calculated as WTMEC6YR=WTMEC2YR × 1/3 following NHANES recommendations. ## Code/software Statistical analysis was performed using Stata software (version 17). ## Sharing/Access information The data we used could all be obtained through the NHANES database website. All indirect identifiable categories were anonymized to protect the identity of participants.