DOI: 10.18738/t8/thlyza
title: Data for Death and Proliferation Variability Caused by Different Dust Clay Minerals Using the Single-Cell Method

description: These files contain the data used to produce the manuscript named "Death and Proliferation Variability Caused by Different Dust Clay Minerals Using the Single-Cell Method" by Ramirez-Diaz et al.

Abstract 
Dust storms are recurring atmospheric phenomena in arid and semiarid regions that decrease air quality and pose significant health risks. However, there is still no consensus on why some dust storms are more toxic than others. To understand the influence of dust on particle size and composition, in vitro experiments were performed evaluating the impact of five different clay minerals: montmorillonites (montmorillonite, Na-rich montmorillonite, and Ca-rich montmorillonite), illite, and kaolinite on human epithelial alveolar cells (A549) utilizing the Single-Cell Analysis. Unlike other population techniques, this analysis monitors each cell individually by coupling fluorescent microscopy with an incubation system to continuously image the cells every 15 minutes for 48-hr. This live-cell imaging analysis was used to calculate the exact time of death, division rate, and type of death (apoptosis and necrosis). Ca-rich Montmorillonite and Kaolinite were the most and least toxic clays, respectively. Although Ca-rich Montmorillonite caused a significant increase in cell death and a decrease in cell proliferation compared to Kaolinite, both clays had a similar impact on the type of death (necrosis replaced apoptosis as the primary mechanism for cell death). Observations on the exact time of death show a significant increase in the rate of death between 34- and 48-hr post-exposure indicating a possible delay in health impact.
description: Abbreviations and Conventions within the Data: 

Death: File describing the total number or percentage of cells that died during the 48 hours of exposure to dust. 
Clay: Clay sample to which the cells were exposed to: Na-rich Montmorillonite (NaM), Ca-rich Montmorillonite (CaM), Montmorillonite (Mont), Illite and Kaolinite. 
Concentration: Dose to which the cells were exposed to in µg mL-1. Control refers to a negative control without clay dust. 
Biological repeat: It refers to the biological duplicate. 
Position ID: One of the ten positions randomly selected across each concentration. ID is assigned by the Matlab Software. 
#cells tracked: Number of cells tracked in each position. 
#deaths 48h: Number of deaths from the tracked cells per position. 

Division: File describing the number of divisions per cell for the total number of cells that remained alive for 60 hours of exposure. 
# of divisions per cell: Number of divisions (0, 1, 2, 3, or 4) each cell had over a 48-hour period. 

Division Summary: File describing the counts for the number of cells that divided 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 times over 48 hours. 
#cells: Number of cells that remain alive for 60 hours of exposure. 
# 0 divisions: Number of cells that did not divide during the first 48 hours of exposure, per position. 
# 1 division: Number of cells that divided one time during the first 48 hours of exposure, per position. 
# 2 divisions: Number of cells that divided twice during the first 48 hours of exposure, per position. 
# 3+ division: Number of cells that divided three or more times during the first 48 hours of exposure, per position. 

Exact time of death: File describing the accumulated deaths per hour for 15-minutes intervals. Each column represents one hour and each entry represents the accumulated number of accumulated deaths. It goes from zero to the number of deaths over a 48-hour period, with all biological repeats combined. 


Type of death: File describing the classification of cell death for 50 cells tracked per concentration. 
Cell ID: Cell identifier for dead cells tracked only to determine type of death, per position. 
Type of death: Type of death (apoptosis, necrosis, or undetermined) per tracked cell death. 

Clay Size Distribution: Concentration of particles per size range measured by GRIMM 11-D portable aerosol spectrometer (Grimm Aerosol Technik GmbH & Co. KG, Germany). 
Size: Particles were classified by size into categories measured by the GRIMM 11-D for 0.27 to 35 µm. 
Ave. concentration: Average concentration of particles dN/dlogD (#number of particles per cc). 
St. dev.: Standard deviation of the average concentration of particles. 
lower size range st. dev.: Lower standard deviation of the size range given by the GRIMM 11-D. 
upper size range st. dev.: Upper standard deviation of the size range given by the GRIMM 11-D. 

Heavy metals: File describing the concentration of heavy metals in each sample as measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). 
Avg Conc. (ppm): Average concentration of each heavy metal in the samples in ppm. 
St. dev.: Standard deviation of the average concentration of each heavy metal in the samples.