cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14269540.v1
title: A buckling behavior of elliptic perforated steel CHS columns exposed to axial compression load

description: Abstract Maintenance work is very important for the continuation of the long service periods planned in engineering structures. Some damage to the steel elements, such as the growth of the holes in the structure, leads to reduced buckling strength and shortened service life. Moreover, the criterion of the hole is uncertain for steel structures. For this reason, it is very important to predict and evaluate the buckling strength of a damaged structure and to take necessary measures. Therefore, in this article, a series of systematic experimental studies are carried out to calculate the buckling strength of elliptical perforated steel columns. Deformation shapes and load-displacement graphs of the test columns are plotted. In addition, the behavior of the column under axial load is analyzed by constructing a finite element model. Numerical simulations are performed with Dynaform finite element package. The effect of the elliptical hole on the column buckling strength by changing the width, height and center is investigated numerically and experimentally. Prepared samples are subjected to axial loading test and compared with numerical results. In light of the data obtained from the numerical results, the effect of the width, height and center of a single elliptical hole on the buckling strength of the column is clearly demonstrated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14269568
title: Static and dynamic performance of direct hybrid connections of cross-laminated timber with steel, concrete and laminated strand lumber composites

description: Abstract Hybrid multistory buildings are every day more common in the construction industry. However, there is little understanding of the performance of the hybrid connections. In this research, the static and dynamic response of cross-laminated timber (CLT) composites combined with reinforced concrete (RC), hollow steel profiles and laminated strand lumber (LSL) has been investigated. In addition, the effects of posttensioning stresses as well as distinct types of connectors such as nails, self-tapping screws and self-tapping dowels has been accounted for. After experimental work, numerical modelling for simulating the static and dynamic behavior for these hybrid connections was also investigated. Results indicate that such massive timber composite connections behave reasonably similar to conventional timber connections, except in that inelastic deformations may increase up to 200%. In addition, it has been found that existing hysteretic models like the modified Stewart hysteretic model (MSTEW) fit for modelling purposes except that very asymmetric hysteretic behavior can be found for timber-concrete hybrid connections.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14269568.v1
title: Static and dynamic performance of direct hybrid connections of cross-laminated timber with steel, concrete and laminated strand lumber composites

description: Abstract Hybrid multistory buildings are every day more common in the construction industry. However, there is little understanding of the performance of the hybrid connections. In this research, the static and dynamic response of cross-laminated timber (CLT) composites combined with reinforced concrete (RC), hollow steel profiles and laminated strand lumber (LSL) has been investigated. In addition, the effects of posttensioning stresses as well as distinct types of connectors such as nails, self-tapping screws and self-tapping dowels has been accounted for. After experimental work, numerical modelling for simulating the static and dynamic behavior for these hybrid connections was also investigated. Results indicate that such massive timber composite connections behave reasonably similar to conventional timber connections, except in that inelastic deformations may increase up to 200%. In addition, it has been found that existing hysteretic models like the modified Stewart hysteretic model (MSTEW) fit for modelling purposes except that very asymmetric hysteretic behavior can be found for timber-concrete hybrid connections.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325279.v1
title: Shear behavior of lightweight self-consolidating reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement

description: Abstract This article investigates the shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement. Two types of concrete were produced: a Reference Conventional Concrete (RCC) and a Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete (LSCC), all with an average 28-day compressive strength (fc) of approximately 30 MPa and characterized by rheological and mechanical tests. Twelve 15 x 30 x 200 cm beams were manufactured for shear failure during a four-point bending test. Concrete properties, longitudinal reinforcement ratios (0.89%, 1.27% and 1.68%) and shear-span to depth ratio (1.87 to 2.71) were determined. The studied beams were compared in terms of cracking pattern, diagonal cracking load, shear strength, specific concrete and longitudinal reinforcement deformation at failure. The strength values obtained experimentally were compared with ABNT NBR 6118 (2014), ACI 318 (2019) and CEN EC-2 (2004). The tested beams of LSCC showed less shear strength when compared to beams of RCC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325279
title: Shear behavior of lightweight self-consolidating reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement

description: Abstract This article investigates the shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement. Two types of concrete were produced: a Reference Conventional Concrete (RCC) and a Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete (LSCC), all with an average 28-day compressive strength (fc) of approximately 30 MPa and characterized by rheological and mechanical tests. Twelve 15 x 30 x 200 cm beams were manufactured for shear failure during a four-point bending test. Concrete properties, longitudinal reinforcement ratios (0.89%, 1.27% and 1.68%) and shear-span to depth ratio (1.87 to 2.71) were determined. The studied beams were compared in terms of cracking pattern, diagonal cracking load, shear strength, specific concrete and longitudinal reinforcement deformation at failure. The strength values obtained experimentally were compared with ABNT NBR 6118 (2014), ACI 318 (2019) and CEN EC-2 (2004). The tested beams of LSCC showed less shear strength when compared to beams of RCC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325281
title: Experimental study on seismic response of subway station built in loess

description: Abstract The present investigation is concerned with the dynamic seismic response of subway station built in loess site by a series of shaking table tests. Firstly, according to the Bockingham π theorem, the scale ratio is determined and then the model system is designed. Then, based on the geological environment and seismological background of Xi’an, the input ground motions and loading scheme are determined. On the basis of the test data, the acceleration responses of model system, strain response characteristics of the structure, distribution of dynamic soil pressure between loess and structure, the settlement of model ground and the seismic damage mode of model system are analyzed systematically. The results show that the peak accelerations in model soil increase gradually from the bottom to the top of the soil. The peak tensile strains measured at the top and bottom of the center columns are larger than those obtained at the side walls, while the peak tensile strains in the floor slab are the smallest. Moreover, the relationship between structure uplift and soil pressure difference can be fitted by exponential function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325281.v1
title: Experimental study on seismic response of subway station built in loess

description: Abstract The present investigation is concerned with the dynamic seismic response of subway station built in loess site by a series of shaking table tests. Firstly, according to the Bockingham π theorem, the scale ratio is determined and then the model system is designed. Then, based on the geological environment and seismological background of Xi’an, the input ground motions and loading scheme are determined. On the basis of the test data, the acceleration responses of model system, strain response characteristics of the structure, distribution of dynamic soil pressure between loess and structure, the settlement of model ground and the seismic damage mode of model system are analyzed systematically. The results show that the peak accelerations in model soil increase gradually from the bottom to the top of the soil. The peak tensile strains measured at the top and bottom of the center columns are larger than those obtained at the side walls, while the peak tensile strains in the floor slab are the smallest. Moreover, the relationship between structure uplift and soil pressure difference can be fitted by exponential function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325282
title: Seismic Behavior of Exterior RC Beam-Column Joints Retrofitted using CFRP Sheets

description: Abstract The seismic behavior of full-scale exterior reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column joints retrofitted with externally bonded Carbon Fiber Polymers (CFRP) is examined in this paper. Casting and testing of two similar reinforced concrete beam column connections in the absence of transverse reinforcement at the joints took place under opposing cyclic loading with regulated displacement so as to examine their fundamental seismic performance. The first joint was examined as the control specimen and the other specimen was then retrofitted with CFRP sheets, with rounded border of the column and beam at and close to the joint region to change them from square to squircle segments. It is demonstrated in the experimental findings that the retrofitted beam column joint shows significantly greater strength, energy dissipation and ductility in comparison to the control specimen. There was a shift in the failure from the joint region to the beam ends in the retrofitted specimens, which would help in preventing the structure from disintegrating progressively. Because of the change in the beam and column from square to squircle segments, the debonding potential of the CFRP decreased and the restrictive impact of the CFRP increased. As a result, the experimental findings were verified using a 3D nonlinear finite element (FE) model. When the finite element and experimental findings are compared, it is determined that the suggested model is quite accurate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325290.v1
title: Development of an amplified added stiffening and damping system for wood-frame shear walls.

description: Abstract The effectiveness of seismic dampers to improve the lateral performance of timber structures may be heavily diminished if restrictive lateral drift limits as set by building codes, governs the design of the structure. This paper presents an innovative approach to improve the performance of seismic dampers installed in stiff wood-frame shear walls. U-Shape Flexural Plate dampers with a novel internal restraint system, were installed in a 4880x2475 mm wood-frame shear wall with an Eccentric Lever-Arm System which aimed at amplifying the displacements by transferring them from the shear wall to the dampers. Cyclic tests were conducted to four specimens. Initial test results showed that the presented amplifying system suffered concentrated losses of stiffness at some connections joints reducing its real efficiency. The loss of displacement transmission to dampers was retrofitted, and the results showed a great benefit in terms of resilience for the damped shear wall in contrast with unprotected ones. It was found that this approach provides a feasible solution to enhance the lateral performance of wood-frame structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325290
title: Development of an amplified added stiffening and damping system for wood-frame shear walls.

description: Abstract The effectiveness of seismic dampers to improve the lateral performance of timber structures may be heavily diminished if restrictive lateral drift limits as set by building codes, governs the design of the structure. This paper presents an innovative approach to improve the performance of seismic dampers installed in stiff wood-frame shear walls. U-Shape Flexural Plate dampers with a novel internal restraint system, were installed in a 4880x2475 mm wood-frame shear wall with an Eccentric Lever-Arm System which aimed at amplifying the displacements by transferring them from the shear wall to the dampers. Cyclic tests were conducted to four specimens. Initial test results showed that the presented amplifying system suffered concentrated losses of stiffness at some connections joints reducing its real efficiency. The loss of displacement transmission to dampers was retrofitted, and the results showed a great benefit in terms of resilience for the damped shear wall in contrast with unprotected ones. It was found that this approach provides a feasible solution to enhance the lateral performance of wood-frame structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325291
title: Experimental and numerical studies of laminated plates with delamination subjected to compressive loads

description: Abstract In this research, the multilayered composite plates made of glass/epoxy material were experimentally and numerically investigated under compressive loading conditions. The intact and defected structures were analyzed with the use of finite element method. The influence of the thickness and geometrical imperfection level were carried out in the linear buckling analysis. The nonlinear analysis was performed to determine the influence of the delamination length on the buckling behavior of the plate. The numerical results were validated by experiments. Experimental tests were performed for structures having artificial delamination between laminate layers. The buckling behavior was monitored using the nondestructive and noncontact structural vision-based health monitoring system (the digital image correlation (DIC)). The influence of the different delamination behavior during the tests on the compressive load capacity was determined by a detailed analysis of DIC measurements. The 20% reduction of the compressive load was noticed in the cases with local buckling of delamination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325291.v1
title: Experimental and numerical studies of laminated plates with delamination subjected to compressive loads

description: Abstract In this research, the multilayered composite plates made of glass/epoxy material were experimentally and numerically investigated under compressive loading conditions. The intact and defected structures were analyzed with the use of finite element method. The influence of the thickness and geometrical imperfection level were carried out in the linear buckling analysis. The nonlinear analysis was performed to determine the influence of the delamination length on the buckling behavior of the plate. The numerical results were validated by experiments. Experimental tests were performed for structures having artificial delamination between laminate layers. The buckling behavior was monitored using the nondestructive and noncontact structural vision-based health monitoring system (the digital image correlation (DIC)). The influence of the different delamination behavior during the tests on the compressive load capacity was determined by a detailed analysis of DIC measurements. The 20% reduction of the compressive load was noticed in the cases with local buckling of delamination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325294.v1
title: A frequency identification method suitable for all-phase spectral refinement of architectural structures

description: Abstract Short-time Fourier transformation (STFT) has been widely recognized as an intuitive time-frequency analysis method. However, its application in building structures is constrained by its low accuracy of low-frequency recognition in short data. Accordingly, an all-phase chirp-z transformation (AP-CZT) proposed for frequency recognition in building structures. Specifically, the autoregressive (AR) model, which has a proposed order determination algorithm, is used to solve the problem of data length limitation in the all-phase data process. Subsequently, an algorithm based on absolute inverse proportional function (AIP) is developed for post-refinement frequency correction. To verify its actual application, the ap-CZT method is used to analyze simulating finite element model and white noise feedback data from the actual shake table. The ap-CZT method is proven to be capable of correctly finding high-order frequencies. Moreover, it can accurately identify signal frequencies in short data. Therefore, the ap-CZT method can be applied as a frequency identification method in STFT in the field of building structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325293
title: Some Aspects on the Modelling of Microstructure Deformation Mechanisms with Gradient Truss Model (GTM) Bar Elements

description: Abstract Unlike the classical truss model, the constitutive equation of the gradient truss model (GTM) earlier presented by the author introduces higher order strain gradient terms and a characteristic internal length parameter: Thus, considering the interaction between macroscopic and microscopic length scales in the constitutive response. Extra non-classical boundary conditions are required to solve the governing equation. In this paper, the microstructure of a material is defined in a simple manner by representing three typical underlying phenomena based on the spatial variation of strain and three combinations of extra non-classical boundary conditions of the derivative of displacement (strain) and higher order derivative of displacement (strain gradient) imposed at the bar support. To quantify the imposed strain gradient at the bar support, a simple relation is derived. Consequently, the influence of strain, strain gradient and the characteristic internal length parameter at the microstructure during deformation is readily captured and the three underlying phenomena qualitatively modelled by the three GTM bar elements. In addition, strengthening and weakening mechanisms in deformation are revealed. Numerical examples are presented as illustration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325294
title: A frequency identification method suitable for all-phase spectral refinement of architectural structures

description: Abstract Short-time Fourier transformation (STFT) has been widely recognized as an intuitive time-frequency analysis method. However, its application in building structures is constrained by its low accuracy of low-frequency recognition in short data. Accordingly, an all-phase chirp-z transformation (AP-CZT) proposed for frequency recognition in building structures. Specifically, the autoregressive (AR) model, which has a proposed order determination algorithm, is used to solve the problem of data length limitation in the all-phase data process. Subsequently, an algorithm based on absolute inverse proportional function (AIP) is developed for post-refinement frequency correction. To verify its actual application, the ap-CZT method is used to analyze simulating finite element model and white noise feedback data from the actual shake table. The ap-CZT method is proven to be capable of correctly finding high-order frequencies. Moreover, it can accurately identify signal frequencies in short data. Therefore, the ap-CZT method can be applied as a frequency identification method in STFT in the field of building structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325293.v1
title: Some Aspects on the Modelling of Microstructure Deformation Mechanisms with Gradient Truss Model (GTM) Bar Elements

description: Abstract Unlike the classical truss model, the constitutive equation of the gradient truss model (GTM) earlier presented by the author introduces higher order strain gradient terms and a characteristic internal length parameter: Thus, considering the interaction between macroscopic and microscopic length scales in the constitutive response. Extra non-classical boundary conditions are required to solve the governing equation. In this paper, the microstructure of a material is defined in a simple manner by representing three typical underlying phenomena based on the spatial variation of strain and three combinations of extra non-classical boundary conditions of the derivative of displacement (strain) and higher order derivative of displacement (strain gradient) imposed at the bar support. To quantify the imposed strain gradient at the bar support, a simple relation is derived. Consequently, the influence of strain, strain gradient and the characteristic internal length parameter at the microstructure during deformation is readily captured and the three underlying phenomena qualitatively modelled by the three GTM bar elements. In addition, strengthening and weakening mechanisms in deformation are revealed. Numerical examples are presented as illustration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325299
title: Numerical simulation of composite steel-concrete alveolar beams: web-post buckling, Vierendeel and flexural mechanisms

description: Abstract Composite alveolar beams consist in the union of two structural systems largely employed in civil construction sector: the steel-concrete composite beams and the alveolar steel beams. Thus, its use allows their advantages to be enhanced, enabling to design even larger spans and to achieve more economical and sustainable solutions. Considering that Brazilian and international standards do not directly specify criteria for the analysis and design of these beams, in this paper it is presented the development and validation of an updated finite element model, using ANSYS software, capable of simulating different failure modes that may occur, such as web-post buckling, Vierendeel mechanism and flexural mechanism. The obtained results presented a good correlation with experimental results from previous works. After the model validation, the effect of the openings on the composite beam was investigated and discussed, and it was concluded that the web-post buckling may limit the structural gains on load capacity, so it is important to adopt opening patterns that enhance the resistance of the beam to this mode of failure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14325303
title: Review on the rocking wall systems as a self-centering mechanism and its interaction with floor diaphragm in precast concrete structures

description: Abstract The severe damage of precast concrete wall structures that have been recorded in the past earthquake has led to the innovation of the rocking wall concept which can demonstrate free or minimum damage aftershock of an earthquake. Furthermore, extensive research works have been well conducted in the past three decades on the establishment of precast rocking wall systems, designs, details, and techniques. Despite this extensive development, little attention has been devoted to investigate the interaction between the rocking wall systems and the flooring diaphragm. The historical perspective on the development of rocking wall systems over the past few decades in the precast concrete structures is presented. Subsequently, the limited research works on the interaction of precast rocking wall to the floor diaphragm are described. Apart from that, this paper attempts to highlight the application of rocking wall systems in the context of precast connection for the precast load-bearing structures. In this contribution, the precast rocking wall-floor connection for precast load-bearing structures is proposed and presented in this paper.