DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b0t9g0m
title: Data from: Phenological and fitness responses to climate warming depend upon genotype and competitive neighborhood in Arabidopsis thaliana

description: 1. Increasing temperatures during climate change are known to alter the
 phenology across diverse plant taxa, but the evolutionary outcomes of
 these shifts are poorly understood. Moreover, plant temperature-sensing
 pathways are known to interact with competition-sensing pathways, yet
 there remains little experimental evidence for how genotypes varying in
 temperature responsiveness react to warming in realistic competitive
 settings. 2. We compared flowering time and fitness responses to warming
 and competition for two near isogenic lines (NILs) of Arabidopsis thaliana
 transgressively segregating temperature-sensitive and -insensitive alleles
 for major-effect flowering time genes. We grew focal plants of each
 genotype in intraspecific and interspecific competition in four treatments
 contrasting daily temperature profiles in summer and fall under
 contemporary and warmed conditions. We measured phenology and fitness of
 focal plants to quantify plastic responses to season, temperature, and
 competition and the dependence of these responses on flowering time
 genotype. 3. The temperature-insensitive NIL was constitutively
 early-flowering and less fit, except in a future-summer climate in which
 its fitness was higher than the later flowering, temperature-sensitive NIL
 in low competition. The late-flowering NIL showed accelerated flowering in
 response to intragenotypic competition and to increased temperature in the
 summer but delayed flowering in the fall. However, its fitness fell with
 rising temperatures in both seasons, and in the fall its marginal fitness
 gain from decreasing competition was diminished in the future. 4.
 Functional alleles at temperature-responsive genes were necessary for
 plastic responses to season, warming, and competition. However, the
 plastic genotype was not the most fit in every experimental condition,
 becoming less fit than the temperature-canalized genotype in the warm
 summer treatment. 5. Climate change is often predicted to have deleterious
 effects on plant populations, and our results show how increased
 temperatures can act through genotype-dependent phenology to decrease
 fitness. Furthermore, plasticity is not necessarily adaptive in rapidly
 changing environments since a non-plastic genotype proved fitter than a
 plastic genotype in a warming climate treatment.
description: Growth chamber
 temperature scheduleThis file contains the
 hourly temperature programs for the four climate simulations used in this
 study.chamber_temps_R_format.txtRosette growth dataThis file contains rosette leaf number and rosette diameters for select subsets of measured plants.working_data.txtFitness, bolting, flowering dataThis file contains the bolting time, flowering time, and fitness proxy (biomass) data for all plants in the experiment.fitness_dat_with_dtb_dtf_working.txtSite-level diversity estimates for FRI, FLM, MAF2/3Site-by-site pi diversity estimates for the three loci manipulated in this experiment (FRI, FLM, and MAF2/3). See supplemental information Table S12 for more details.pi_scaled_diversity_FRI_FLM_MAF23.xlsx