cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4c7s325
title: Data from: Validation of an algorithm for identifying MS cases in administrative health claims datasets

description: Objective: To develop a valid algorithm for identifying multiple sclerosis
 (MS) cases in administrative health claims (AHC) datasets. Methods: We
 used 4 AHC datasets from the Veterans Administration (VA), Kaiser
 Permanente Southern California (KPSC), Manitoba (Canada), and Saskatchewan
 (Canada). In the VA, KPSC, and Manitoba, we tested the performance of
 candidate algorithms based on inpatient, outpatient, and disease-modifying
 therapy (DMT) claims compared to medical records review using sensitivity,
 specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and interrater
 reliability (Youden J statistic) both overall and stratified by sex and
 age. In Saskatchewan, we tested the algorithms in a cohort randomly
 selected from the general population. Results: The preferred algorithm
 required ≥3 MS-related claims from any combination of inpatient,
 outpatient, or DMT claims within a 1-year time period; a 2-year time
 period provided little gain in performance. Algorithms including DMT
 claims performed better than those that did not. Sensitivity
 (86.6%–96.0%), specificity (66.7%–99.0%), positive predictive value
 (95.4%–99.0%), and interrater reliability (Youden J = 0.60–0.92) were
 generally stable across datasets and across strata. Some variation in
 performance in the stratified analyses was observed but largely reflected
 changes in the composition of the strata. In Saskatchewan, the preferred
 algorithm had a sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 99%, positive
 predictive value of 99%, and negative predictive value of 96%.
 Conclusions: The performance of each algorithm was remarkably consistent
 across datasets. The preferred algorithm required ≥3 MS-related claims
 from any combination of inpatient, outpatient, or DMT use within 1 year.
 We recommend this algorithm as the standard AHC case definition for MS.
description: Manuscript
 AppendicesMS_algorithm_appendix-R2.docx
DOI: 10.15468/dl.adwxkf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1420 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Impatiens walleriana",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1420 records from 206 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001113-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4gc81
title: Data from: Fire management in the Brazilian Savanna: first steps and the way forward

description: 1. Several decades of frustrated attempts to prevent fires in the
 Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) have led to deleterious ecological and
 management consequences. In 2014, the first Integrated Fire Management
 (IFM) program was launched in three protected areas (PA). 2. The IFM
 program considers local practices, ecological information, management
 options, and aims to create landscape mosaics of different fire histories
 to conserve biodiversity, reduce the prevalence of late-dry season (LDS)
 wildfires, protect fire-sensitive vegetation, and reduce conflicts between
 PA managers and local communities. 3. The first three years of imposed
 fire management regimes led to 40-57% reduction in LDS fires, improved
 dialogue between researchers, managers and local communities, generating
 fire management learning communities. 4. Synthesis and applications. This
 Integrated Fire Management programme represents a major advance in Cerrado
 management and conservation, by actively managing fires and decreasing the
 proportional of areas burnt by late-dry season wildfires. It can
 contribute to protected areas’ management in Cerrado and other South
 American fire-prone ecosystems. Long-term monitoring and research are
 essential to understand the ecological implications and to improve fire
 management practices.
description: data_accessibility_Schmidt etal_2018_fire_management_Brazilian_savannaArea burnt during early-dry season (EDS, October 16th - July 15th) and late-dry season (LDS, July 16th to October 15th) in Chapada das Mesas National Park (CMNP), Serra Geral do Tocantins Ecological Station (SGTES) and Jalapão State Park (JSP), before (2012-2013) and during the first years (2014-2016) of the Integrated Fire Management Programme.data_accessibility_Schmidt etal_jan22.doc
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fc02n1n
title: Data from: Differential effects of offspring and maternal inbreeding on egg laying and offspring performance in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides

description: We investigate the effect of offspring and maternal inbreeding on maternal
 and offspring traits associated with early offspring fitness in the
 burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. We conducted two experiments. In
 the first experiment, we manipulated maternal inbreeding only (keeping
 offspring outbred) by generating mothers that were outbred, moderately
 inbred or highly inbred. Meanwhile, in the second experiment, we
 manipulated offspring inbreeding only (keeping females outbred) by
 generating offspring that were outbred, moderately inbred or highly
 inbred. In both experiments, we monitored subsequent effects on breeding
 success (number of larvae), maternal traits (clutch size, delay until
 laying, laying skew, laying spread and egg size) and offspring traits
 (hatching success, larval survival, duration of larval development, and
 average larval mass). Maternal inbreeding reduced breeding success, and
 this effect was mediated through lower hatching success and greater larval
 mortality. Furthermore, inbred mothers produced clutches where egg laying
 was less skewed towards the early part of laying than outbred females.
 This reduction in the skew in egg laying is beneficial for larval
 survival, suggesting that inbred females adjusted their laying patterns
 facultatively, thereby partially compensating for the detrimental effects
 of maternal inbreeding on offspring. Finally, we found evidence of a
 nonlinear effect of offspring inbreeding coefficient on number of larvae
 dispersing. Offspring inbreeding affected larval survival and larval
 development time but also unexpectedly affected maternal traits (clutch
 size and delay until laying), suggesting that females adjust clutch size
 and the delay until laying in response to being related to their mate.
description: FordHendersonSmiseth2018JEB00050DataData from: Differential effects of offspring and maternal inbreeding on egg laying and offspring performance in the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 2018
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6j244cq
title: Data from: Morphological responses of two plant species from different elevations in the Dongting Lake wetlands, China, to variation in water levels

description: Plants show strong zonation patterns in wetlands. Nevertheless, the
 mechanisms determining these patterns remain unclear. In the present
 study, growth and morphological responses to a water level gradient [-20
 cm (i.e., water level 20 cm below soil surface), -10 cm, 0 cm, 10 cm, 20
 cm] were compared between a higher elevation plant (Imperata cylindrica)
 and a lower elevation plant (Carex brevicuspis) in the Dongting Lake
 wetlands of China. The aboveground, belowground, and total biomass were
 greater at -10 cm than at any other water level for bot
description: Manuscript
 Data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vg5ps
title: Data from: Optimal foraging of Little Egrets and their prey in a foraging game in a patchy environment

description: We explored the behavioral game between a predator, the little egret
 (Egretta garzetta), and a prey, the common goldfish (Carassius auratus),
 in a laboratory theater containing three fish pools. We tested the
 hypotheses that the egrets maximize their total capture success by
 responding to the fish’s antipredatory behavior and that the behaviors of
 both players respond adaptively to the density distribution of fish among
 the pools. One experiment presented egrets with 15 fish per pool. The
 second experiment used a heterogeneous environment: pools 1, 2, and 3 had
 10, 15, and 20 fish, respectively. Within each pool, fish could move
 between a safe, covered microhabitat and a risky, open microhabitat. Only
 the risky habitat had food, so fish were trading off food and safety by
 allocating the time spent in the two habitats. Egrets spent more total
 time in pools with more fish and returned to them sooner. Egrets maximized
 the number of fish they captured by following the matching rule of the
 ideal free distribution. The fish used the risky but productive habitat
 65% of the time during experiments without egrets, but only 9% during
 experiments with 15 fish and egrets present somewhere in the theater. In
 addition, with egrets present, fish fine-tuned their behavior by reducing
 their use of the risky habitat as the egrets increased the frequency of
 their visits.
description: Behavioral measurements
 of the foraging strategies of little egret and common goldfish, in a
 laboratory theaterMeasurements of the
 behavioral foraging strategies of little egret (Egretta garzetta), and
 common goldfish (Carassius auratus), in a laboratory theater containing
 three fish pools in two experimental treatments. One experiment used a
 homogeneous environment: fifteen fish per pool, and the second experiment
 used a heterogeneous environment: pools 1, 2, and 3 had ten, fifteen, and
 twenty fish, respectively.DataFile.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7270n
title: Data from: Under pressure? Dental adaptations to termitophagy and vermivory among mammals

description: The extant mammals have evolved highly diversified diets associated with
 many specialized morphologies. Two rare diets, termitophagy and vermivory,
 are characterized by unusual morphological and dental adaptations that
 have evolved independently in several clades. Termitophagy is known to be
 associated with increases in tooth number, crown simplification, enamel
 loss, and the appearance of intermolar diastemata. We observed similar
 modifications at the species level in vermivorous clades, though
 interestingly the vermivorous mammals lack secondarily derived tools that
 compensate for the dentition's reduced function. We argue that the
 parallel dental changes in these specialists are the result of relaxed
 selection on occlusal functions of the dentition, which allow a parallel
 cascade of changes to occur independently in each clade. Comparison of the
 phenotypes of Rhynchomys, a vermivorous rat, and strains of mice whose EDA
 pathway has been mutated revealed several shared dental features. Our
 results point to the likely involvement of this genetic pathway in the
 rapid, parallel morphological specializations in termitophagous and
 vermivorous species. We show that diets or feeding mechanisms in other
 mammals that are linked to decreased reliance on complex can lead to
 similar cascades of change.
description: Dental measurements of
 Rhynchomys specimensExcel file with dental
 measurements of Rhynchomys specimens.Dental measurements
 Rhynchomys.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.63q03
title: Data from: Description of the tadpoles of two Cameroonian frogs, Leptodactylodon axillaris and L. perreti (Anura: Arthroleptidae)

description: We describe the tadpoles of two closely related frog species of the genus
 Leptodactylodon (family Arthroleptidae), L. axillaris and L. perreti, that
 are restricted to the mountains of Cameroon. Tadpoles were collected from
 near the type locality of each species and identified using DNA sequence
 data. The tadpoles of both species are stream-dwelling and cryptic, often
 found in clumps of debris collected in the course of the stream, and
 orient roughly vertically in the water column with their mouths at or near
 the surface. As in L. ventrimarmoratus, the only other species in the
 genus described in detail, the tadpoles of these two species have a
 prominent umbelliform and up-turned oral disc, robust keratinous jaw
 sheaths, large lateral sacs along the elongate and dorsoventrally
 depressed body, and a robust elongate tail with short fins. Tadpoles of
 the two species are broadly similar morphologically. However, differences
 in the jaw sheaths may enable discrimination, including more pronounced
 laterally placed caniniform projections and more small needle-like
 serrations in the central region of the lower jaw sheath in L. perreti.
description: Measurements of
 tadpolesMeasurements in
 millimeters of tadpoles.Leptodactylodon_data.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3k8h7
title: Data from: Variation in seed dispersal effectiveness: the redundancy of consequences in diversified tropical frugivore assemblages

description: Plant–frugivore mutualistic assemblages frequently combine multiple,
 complementary or not (i.e. redundant), distinct effects of animal species.
 To a large extent, the outcomes of these interactions crucially depend on
 the delayed consequences of frugivore effectiveness on plant recruitment.
 We evaluated seed dispersal effectiveness for three plant species in a
 Brazilian Atlantic forest with a marked habitat heterogeneity defined by
 bamboo and non-bamboo patches. Twenty one, 23 and 14 bird species ate
 fruits of Euterpe edulis, Sloanea guianensis and Virola bicuhyba trees,
 respectively. For both Euterpe and Virola, visitation rate was the
 variable contributing for most variance across frugivore species in the
 quantitative component of effectiveness (QC, which depends on the combined
 effects of interaction frequency and per-interaction effect), while the
 number of fruits manipulated/visit had the greatest contribution in
 Sloanea. By combining observational data and experimental seed addition
 for Euterpe we tested for consistent functional patterns among species in
 the frugivore assemblage, extending beyond the fruit removal stage.
 Rankings of QC across Euterpe frugivores remained consistent with their
 relative contributions to fruit removal and, importantly, with their
 contributions to seedling establishment. Yet, QC of effectiveness across
 Euterpe frugivores were more homogeneous at the fruit removal and
 dispersal stages (contribution to seed dispersal) than for the delayed,
 dissemination and post-dispersal effects on recruitment. High
 complementarity of diversified frugivore assemblages may increase through
 added variance in their delayed effects related to qualitative components
 of effectiveness. Our results underscore the importance of assessing how
 dispersal services provided by mutualistic frugivores play complementary,
 rather than redundant, roles in seed dispersal within heterogeneous
 landscapes. Such ecological outcomes highlight the value of combining
 observational and experimental field designs to assess functional
 diversity patterns of tropical frugivore assemblages and delayed effects
 of their interactions with plants.
description: frugivory_dataThis is an excel file that contains 1 spreadsheet with data on plant species, bird species dispersers, dispersal probability (pdisp), fruits ingested per visit (frv), number of visits (vis), relative contribution for dispersal (rcd) and quantitative component (qc). Data were collected in the Carlos Botelho State Park, São Paulo, Brazil.frugivory.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k71m0
title: Data from: Description of a new species of Petrolisthes in the Indo-West Pacific with a redefinition of P. hastatus Stimpson, 1858 and resurrection of P. inermis (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Anomura, Porcellanidae)

description: The porcellanid crab Petrolisthes hastatus Stimpson, 1858, has been
 traditionally viewed as a highly variable species with a wide distribution
 in the West Pacific. For more than a century there has been taxonomic
 confusion of this species with morphologically similar taxa, some of which
 were synonymized with Stimpson’s taxon. We redefine P. hastatus, resurrect
 P. inermis as a valid species, discuss the status of P. tenkatei De Man,
 1893, and describe a new species as P. elegantissimus from Indonesia.
description: List of examined
 biological material (deposited in different musei)List of biological
 material examined. This material is deposited in the crutacean collections
 of different musei in the world.Dryad_Data.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8856
title: Data from: Resource stoichiometry and consumers control the biodiversity-productivity relationship in pelagic metacommunities

description: Recent theory suggests that biodiversity and productivity are both
 constrained by resource supply rates and ratios, and that resource
 stoichiometry is the key to understand the relationship between
 biodiversity and productivity. We experimentally tested this theory using
 pelagic metacommunities. We amended existing predictions by explicitly
 considering evenness as biodiversity aspect and consumer instead of
 competitive control of algal biomass. The metacommunities received
 different phosphorus (P)-supply, the three patches within each
 metacommunity differed in nitrogen (N)-supply to create different N:P
 ratios (2, 16, 128). All patches were inoculated with a phytoplankton
 assemblage consisting of 5 species, half of the metacommunities received 2
 ciliate species as consumers. At the level of the entire metacommunity,
 algal biomass increased whereas species richness and evenness decreased
 with increasing P-supply. Without consumers, resource use efficiency (RUE,
 realized biomass per unit P) increased with increasing richness and
 evenness. Consumer presence reduced overall biomass and richness and
 precluded a correlation between RUE and biodiversity. At the patch level,
 local evenness correlated to higher RUE at both imbalanced N:P ratios (2
 or 128) but not at balanced N:P. In conclusion, overall P-supply
 constrained realized biomass and altered diversity, whereas resource
 stoichiometry shaped the relationship between biodiversity and RUE.
description: data for
 dryadThis file contains three
 tables. Two tables include all primary data for the response variables at
 regional and local scales of the experiment. The last table explains all
 variables.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.62g52g4
title: Data from: Characterizing the contribution of plasticity and genetic differentiation to community-level trait responses to environmental change

description: The match between functional trait variation in communities and
 environmental gradients is maintained by three processes: phenotypic
 plasticity and genetic differentiation (intraspecific processes), and
 species turnover (interspecific). Recently, evidence has emerged
 suggesting that intraspecific variation might have a potentially large
 role in driving functional community composition and response to
 environmental change. However, empirical evidence quantifying the
 respective importance of phenotypic plasticity and genetic differentiation
 relative to species turnover is still lacking. We performed a reciprocal
 transplant experiment using a common herbaceous plant species (Oxalis
 montana) among low-, mid-, and high-elevation sites to first quantify the
 contributions of plasticity and genetic differentiation in driving
 intraspecific variation in three traits: height, specific leaf area and
 leaf area. We next compared the contributions of these intraspecific
 drivers of community trait-environment matching to that of species
 turnover, which had been previously assessed along the same elevational
 gradient. Plasticity was the dominant driver of intraspecific trait
 variation across elevation in all traits, with only a small contribution
 of genetic differentiation among populations. Local adaptation was not
 detected to a major extent along the gradient. Fitness components were
 greatest in O. montana plants with trait values closest to the local
 community-weighted means, thus supporting the common assumption that
 community-weighted mean trait values represent selective optima. Our
 results suggest that community-level trait responses to ongoing climate
 change should be mostly mediated by species turnover, even at the small
 spatial scale of our study, with an especially small contribution of
 evolutionary adaptation within species.
description: Trait and fitness
 measurements of Oxalis montana in transplant experiment; Plastic and
 genetic drivers of community turnoverMeasurements of height,
 leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA) on individuals of Oxalis montana from
 a reciprocal transplant experiment along an elevational gradient.
 Assessments of individual survival after first winter in the field and
 assessment of final survival at the end of the growing season.
 Measurements of total dry biomass after growing season and biomass
 covariate variable used as a proxy of initial biomass. Sites and transects
 of origin and of transplant are indicated for each individual, as well as
 transplant block within transplant site. See manuscript for methodological
 details on measurements.E&E.Lajoie.Vellend.ECE-2017-10-01323.R1.Data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mn183qg
title: Data from: What happened in the South American Gran Chaco? Diversification of the endemic frog genus Lepidobatrachus Budgett, 1899 (Anura: Ceratophryidae)

description: The Chaco is one the most neglected and least studied regions of the
 world. This highly-seasonal semiarid biome is an extensive continuous
 plain without any geographic barrier, and in spite of its high species
 diversity, the events and processes responsible have never been assessed.
 Miocene marine introgressions and Pleistocene glaciations have been
 mentioned as putative drivers of diversification for some groups of
 vertebrates in adjacent biomes of southern South America. Here we used
 multilocus data (one mitochondrial and six nuclear loci) from the three
 species of the endemic frog genus Lepidobatrachus (Lepidobatrachus asper,
 Lepidobatrachus laevis, and Lepidobatrachus llanensis) to determine if any
 of the historical events suggested as drivers of vertebrate
 diversification in southern South America are related to the
 diversification of the genus and if the Chaco is indeed a biome without
 barriers. Using fossil calibration in a coalescent framework we estimated
 that the genus diversified in the second half of the Miocene, coinciding
 with marine introgressions. Genetic patterns and historical demography
 suggest an important role of old archs and cratons as refuges during
 floods. In one species of the genus, L. llanensis, genetic structure
 reveals some breaks along the landscape, the main one of which corresponds
 to an area of the central Chaco that may act as a climatic barrier.
 Additionally, we found differential effects of the main Chacoan rivers on
 species of Lepidobatrachus that could be related to the time of
 persistence of populations in the areas influenced by these rivers.
description: MVZ29/30Alignment of Lepidobatrachus asper, L. laevis and L. llanensis (outgroup: Ceratophrys aurita) sequences less than 200 base pairs long at locus MVZ29/MVZ30 Y Box Binding (Intron).29_30_dryad.fasMVZ39/40Alignment for Lepidobatrachus asper, L. laevis and L. llanensis (outgroup: Ceratophrys aurita) sequences less than 200 base pairs long at locus MVZ 39/40 X. laevis MGC82783 protein (Intron).39_40_dryad.fas