cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.460mc
title: Data from: Nutrient limitation or home field advantage: does microbial community adaptation overcome nutrient limitation of litter decomposition in a tropical peatland?

description: Litter decomposition is an important control on carbon accumulation in
 tropical peatlands. Stoichiometric theory suggests that decomposition is
 regulated by elemental ratios in litter while the home field advantage
 (HFA) hypothesis predicts that decomposer communities are adapted to local
 conditions. To date, the relative importance of these contrasting theories
 for litter decomposition and therefore the carbon balance of tropical
 peatlands remain poorly understood. We conducted two in situ litter
 decomposition experiments in a lowland tropical peatland. The first
 experiment tested the importance of the stoichiometric theory using a
 factorial nutrient addition experiment at two sites with contrasting
 vegetation (Raphia taedigera and Campnosperma panamensis) to assess how
 nutrient addition affected microbial enzyme activity and litter mass loss
 at the peat surface and at 50 cm depth. The second experiment tested the
 importance of HFA by reciprocal translocation of leaf litter from R.
 taedigera and C. panamensis forests, which differed in both litter
 chemistry and soil nutrient availability, to separate the influence of
 litter chemistry and soil/site properties on litter mass loss. The
 activities of hydrolytic enzymes involved in the decomposition of large
 plant polymers were stimulated by nitrogen addition only where nitrogen
 availability was low relative to phosphorus, and were stimulated by
 phosphorus addition where phosphorus availability was low. The addition of
 nitrogen, but not phosphorus, increased leaf litter decomposition under
 waterlogged conditions at 50 cm depth, but not at the peat surface.
 Decomposition was greatest for autochthonous litter irrespective of site
 nutrient status, indicating that adaptation of the microbial community to
 low nutrients can partly overcome nutrient limitation, and suggesting that
 HFA can influence litter decomposition rates. Synthesis. Our study shows
 that leaf litter decomposition and the activity of microbial enzymes in
 tropical peatlands are constrained in part by nutrient availability.
 However, such nutrient limitation of litter decomposition can be overcome
 by adaptation of the microbial community.
description: Surface peat nutrient
 ratios2017
 Hoyos et al Surface peat nutrient ratios.csvLitter nutrient
 ratios2017
 Hoyos et al Litter tissue nutrient
 ratios.csvPeat core nutrient
 ratios2017
 Hoyos et al Peat core nutrient ratios.csvEnzymatic
 activity2017
 Hoyos et al Enzymatic activity.csvLitter
 decomposition2017 Hoyos et al Litter
 decomposition.csvLitter translocation
 experiment2017 Hoyos et al Litter
 translocation experiment.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j0n62
title: Data from: Short-term impacts and value of a periodic no take zone (NTZ) in a community-managed small-scale lobster fishery, Madagascar

description: The small-scale lobster fisheries of Madagascar’s impoverished southeast
 coast account for the majority of national catch and export, making a
 significant contribution to the regional economy. Data suggests catches
 have declined, likely due to over-exploitation. In response, the community
 of Sainte Luce has established a locally managed marine area (LMMA) to
 manage their lobster fishery, including a 13 km2 periodic no take zone
 (NTZ). Participatory monitoring data were used to assess compliance,
 identify changes in catch per unit effort (CPUE) associated with the NTZ
 and consider the short-term value of the NTZ. Compliance is low for
 measures dictated by national legislation (minimum landing size (MLS),
 national closed season, prohibition on landing berried females), but may
 be higher for those designed by the community (NTZ). Upon NTZ opening in
 July 2015, an estimated 435% increase in catch was observed compared with
 the mean for the preceding five months, a product of increased effort and
 significantly higher CPUE. Zero Altered Negative Binomial modelling showed
 CPUE was significantly higher during the NTZ opening in 2015 and in 2016
 when the opening period had been moved. Whilst it is unlikely that
 tangible ecological benefits have accrued from NTZ operation, there have
 been important socio-economic effects. Specifically, there was a 33%
 increase in the price fishers received, a significant effect at the bottom
 of the value chain. Temporary increases in catch and income acted as a
 catalyst, engaging neighbouring communities in fishery management,
 resulting in two additional NTZs. Attention is drawn to the fact that
 current national legislation may be sub-optimal and should be reviewed.
 Successful management of the regional fishery will require the state and
 industry to support communities in adopting community-based management.
 The NTZ measure considered here may be an effective tool to achieve this.
description: Datafile_finalParticipatory fishery monitoring data from the 2015 and 2016 seasons of the Sainte Luce community managed small-scale lobster fishery, Madagascar. Contains 6 csv files with all data underlying analyses, figures, tables and conclusions in the associated paper. Readme_final.txt provides detail on each file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79364
title: Data from: Population structure and diversity of an invasive pine needle pathogen reflects anthropogenic activity

description: Dothistroma septosporum is a haploid fungal pathogen that causes a serious
 needle blight disease of pines, particularly as an invasive alien species
 on Pinus radiata in the Southern Hemisphere. During the course of the last
 two decades, the pathogen has also incited unexpected epidemics on native
 and non-native pine hosts in the Northern Hemisphere. Although the biology
 and ecology of the pathogen has been well documented, there is a distinct
 lack of knowledge regarding its movement or genetic diversity in many of
 the countries where it is found. In this study we determined the global
 population diversity and structure of 458 isolates of D. septosporum from
 14 countries on six continents using microsatellite markers. Populations
 of the pathogen in the Northern Hemisphere, where pines are native,
 displayed high genetic diversities and included both mating types. Most of
 the populations from Europe showed evidence for random mating, little
 population differentiation and gene flow between countries. Populations in
 North America (USA) and Asia (Bhutan) were genetically distinct but
 migration between these continents and Europe was evident. In the Southern
 Hemisphere, the population structure and diversity of D. septosporum
 reflected the anthropogenic history of the introduction and establishment
 of plantation forestry, particularly with Pinus radiata. Three
 introductory lineages in the Southern Hemisphere were observed. Countries
 in Africa, that have had the longest history of pine introductions,
 displayed the greatest diversity in the pathogen population, indicating
 multiple introductions. More recent introductions have occurred separately
 in South America and Australasia where the pathogen population is
 currently reproducing clonally due to the presence of only one mating
 type.
description: Barnes et al Data files
 for ECE-2014-06-0295Excel spreadsheet
 containing the fragment lengths or allele sizes of 12 microsatellite loci
 amplified for 459 isolates of Dothistroma septosporum collected from 15
 different countries. The mating type of each isolate is also
 indicated.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fd4d84h
title: Data from: Visual adaptation and microhabitat choice in Lake Victoria cichlid fish

description: When different genotypes choose different habitats to better match their
 phenotypes, adaptive differentiation within a population may be promoted.
 Mating within those habitats may subsequently contribute to reproductive
 isolation. In cichlid fish, visual adaptation to alternative visual
 environments is hypothesised to contribute to speciation. Here, we
 investigated whether variation in visual sensitivity causes different
 visual habitat preferences, using two closely related cichlid species that
 occur at different but overlapping water depths in Lake Victoria and that
 differ in visual perception (Pundamilia sp.). In addition to species
 differences, we explored potential effects of visual plasticity, by
 rearing fish in two different light conditions: broad-spectrum (mimicking
 shallow water) or red-shifted (mimicking deeper waters). Contrary to
 expectations, fish did not prefer the light environment that mimicked
 their typical natural habitat. Instead, we found an overall preference for
 the broad-spectrum environment. We also found a transient influence of the
 rearing condition, indicating that assessment of microhabitat preference
 requires repeated testing to control for familiarity effects. Together,
 our results show that cichlid fish exert visual habitat preference, but do
 not support straightforward visual habitat matching.
description: Habitat choice
 dataRaw data for
 microhabitat choiceHabitatChoiceData.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9hh83
title: Data from: Parents lend a helping hand to their offspring in plant defence

description: Plants under attack by pathogens and pests can mount a range of inducible
 defences, encompassing both chemical and structural changes. Although few
 reports exist, it appears that plants responding to pathogen or herbivore
 attack, or chemical defence elicitors, may produce progeny which are
 better able to defend themselves against attack, compared to progeny from
 unthreatened or untreated plants. To date, all research on
 transgenerational effects of biotic stress have been conducted on
 dicotyledenous plants. We examined the possibility that resistance induced
 by application of chemical defence elicitors to the monocot plant barley,
 could be passed on to the progeny. Plants were treated with
 acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) or saccharin, and grain harvested at maturity.
 Germination was unaffected in seed collected from plants treated with
 saccharin, while germination was reduced significantly in seed collected
 from ASM-treated plants. The subsequent growth of the seedlings was not
 significantly different in any of the treatments. However, plants from
 parents treated with ASM or saccharin both exhibited significantly
 enhanced resistance to infection by Rhynchosporium commune, despite not
 being treated with elicitor themselves. These data hint at the possibility
 of producing disease-resistant plants by exposing parent plants to
 chemical elicitors.
description: Transgenerational
 experiment - germination and growth dataTransgenerational
 experiment - % Rhynchosporium infection
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mb780
title: Data from: Measuring microbial fitness in a field reciprocal transplant experiment

description: Microbial fitness is easy to measure in the laboratory, but difficult to
 measure in the field. Laboratory fitness assays make use of controlled
 conditions and genetically modified organisms, neither of which are
 available in the field. Among other applications, fitness assays can help
 researchers detect adaptation to different habitats or locations. We
 designed a competitive fitness assay to detect adaptation of Saccharomyces
 paradoxus isolates to the habitat they were isolated from (oak or larch
 leaf litter). The assay accurately measures relative fitness by tracking
 genotype frequency changes in the field using digital droplet PCR (DDPCR).
 We expected locally adapted S. paradoxus strains to increase in frequency
 over time when growing on the leaf litter type from which they were
 isolated. The DDPCR assay successfully detected fitness differences among
 S. paradoxus strains, but did not find a tendency for strains to be
 adapted to the habitat they were isolated from. Instead, we found that the
 natural alleles of the hexose transport gene we used to distinguish S.
 paradoxus strains had significant effects on fitness. The origin of a
 strain also affected its fitness: strains isolated from oak litter were
 generally fitter than strains from larch litter. Our results suggest that
 dispersal limitation and genetic drift shape S. paradoxus populations in
 the forest more than local selection does, although further research is
 needed to confirm this. Tracking genotype frequency changes using DDPCR is
 a practical and accurate microbial fitness assay for natural environments.
description: Digital droplet PCR data
 for a field experiment examining Saccharomyces paradoxus local
 adaptationddPCR data for Saccharomyces
 paradoxus.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s622m
title: Data from: The role of bacteriocins as selfish genetic elements

description: Bacteria produce a wide arsenal of toxic compounds in order to kill
 competing species. Bacteriocins, protein-based toxins produced by nearly
 all bacteria, have generally been considered a ubiquitous anti-competitor
 strategy, used to kill competing bacterial strains. Some of these
 bacteriocins are encoded on plasmids, which also code for closely linked
 immunity compounds (thereby rendering toxin producing cells immune to
 their own toxin). However, the production of bacteriocins can also be
 interpreted as a means to promote plasmid stability by preferentially
 selecting for cells carrying the plasmid. If, for example, a cell were to
 lose the plasmid, it would no longer produce the immunity compound and
 would be killed by its bacteriocin-producing clone mates. In this respect,
 bacteriocins can be regarded as similar to previously described
 toxin–antitoxin systems that are able promote the stable transmission of
 plasmids to daughter cells. In order to test this prediction, we carried
 out an experimental evolution study using the bacterium Escherichia coli,
 finding that bacteriocins can indeed select for the stable maintenance of
 plasmids. This suggests that bacteriocins can act primarily as selfish
 genetic elements promoting their own transmission in the population, which
 may help explain their unique ecology and evolution.
description: Colicin
 LossData showing loss of
 plasmids which do not contain a colicin or when present in colicin
 resistant strains.colicin
 loss.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g0q15
title: Data from: Interactive effects of competition and social environment on the expression of sexual dimorphism

description: The expression of sexual dimorphism is expected to be influenced by the
 acquisition of resources available to allocate to trait growth, combined
 with sex-specific patterns of resource allocation. Resource acquisition in
 the wild may be mediated by a variety of ecological factors, such as the
 density of interspecific competitors. Allocation may in turn depend on
 social contexts, such as sex ratio, that alter the payoff for investment
 in sexual traits. How these factors interact to promote or constrain the
 expression and evolution of sexual dimorphism is poorly understood. We
 manipulated sex ratio and interspecific resource competition over the
 growing season of red-spotted newts (Notophthalmus viridescens) in
 artificial ponds. Fish competitors had a stronger effect on female than
 male growth, which effectively eliminated the expression of sexual size
 dimorphism. In addition, newt sex ratio influenced fish growth, leading to
 reduction in fish mass with an increase in female newt frequency. Fish
 also reduced the expression of male tail height, a sexually selected
 trait, but only in tanks with a female-biased sex ratio. This suggests
 males alter their resource allocation pattern in response to the strength
 of sexual selection. Our results demonstrate that ecologically and
 socially mediated interactions between sex-specific resource acquisition
 and allocation can contribute to variation in the expression of sexual
 dimorphism.
description: DeLisle&Rowe_JEB_DATA
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c6d53
title: Data from: Indirect genetic effects and sexual conflicts: Partner genotype influences multiple morphological and behavioural reproductive traits in a flatworm

description: The expression of an individual's phenotypic traits can be influenced
 by genes expressed in its social partners. Theoretical models predict that
 such indirect genetic effects (IGEs) on reproductive traits should play an
 important role in determining the evolutionary outcome of sexual conflict.
 However, empirical tests of (i) whether reproductive IGEs exist, (ii) how
 they vary among genotypes, and (iii) whether they are uniform for
 different types of reproductive traits are largely lacking. We addressed
 this in a series of experiments in the simultaneously hermaphroditic
 flatworm Macrostomum lignano. We found strong evidence for IGEs on both
 morphological and behavioural reproductive traits. Partner genotype had a
 significant impact on the testis size of focal individuals—varying up to
 2.4-fold—suggesting that IGEs could mediate sexual conflicts that target
 the male sex function. We also found that time to first copulation was
 affected by a genotype × genotype interaction between mating partners, and
 that partner genotype affected the propensity to copulate and perform the
 postcopulatory suck behaviour, which may mediate conflicts over the fate
 of received ejaculate components. These findings provide clear empirical
 evidence for IGEs on multiple behavioural and morphological reproductive
 traits, which suggests that the evolutionary dynamics of these traits
 could be altered by genes contained in the social environment.
description: Marie-Orleach.et.al_Evolution.2017_datasetFull dataset of the three experiments reported
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.60vk297
title: Data from: Damage shielding mechanisms in hierarchical composites in nature with potentials in design of tougher structural materials

description: Load-carrying materials in nature, such as wood and bone, consist of
 relatively simple building blocks assembled into a hierarchical structure,
 ranging from the molecular scale up to the macroscopic level. This results
 in composites with a combination of high strength and high toughness,
 showing very large fracture surfaces indicating energy dissipation by
 cracking on multiple length scales. Manmade composites instead consists
 typically of fibres embedded in a uniform matrix, and frequently shows
 brittle failure through the growth of critical clusters of broken fibres.
 In this paper, a hierarchical structure inspired by wood is presented. It
 is designed to incapacitate cluster growth, with the aim of retaining high
 strength. This is done by introducing new structural levels of
 successively weaker interfaces with the purpose to reduce the stress
 concentrations if large clusters would appear. To test this hypothesis, a
 probability density field of further damage growth has been calculated for
 different microstructures and initial crack sizes. The results indicate
 that the hierarchical structure should maintain its strength by
 localisation of damage, yet rendering large clusters less harmful by
 weakening the resulting stress concentration to its surroundings, which
 would lead to an increase in strain to failure. In this context, the
 potential of utilising the biomimetic hierarchical structure in design of
 composite materials is discussed.
description: main_testerr_stressAnalysisMATLAB code for stress analysis in a hierarchical compositeSubroutines for damage and stress analysisMATLAB subroutines used to calculate probability of failure and stresses in a hierarchical composite
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bnvf87
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 451 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Hydrangea quercifolia",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 451 records from 81 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001057-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f6r60
title: Data from: The evolution of male-biased sexual size dimorphism is associated with increased body size plasticity in males

description: 1.Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) can vary drastically across environments,
 demonstrating pronounced sex-specific plasticity. In insects, females are
 usually the larger and more plastic sex. However, the shortage of taxa
 with male-biased SSD hampers the assessment of whether the greater
 plasticity in females is driven by selection on size or represents an
 effect of the female reproductive role. Here we specifically address the
 role of sex-specific plasticity of body size in the evolution of SSD
 reversals to disentangle sex and size effects. 2.We first investigate
 sex-specific body size plasticity in Sepsis punctum and S. neocynipsea as
 two independent cases of intraspecific SSD reversals in sepsid flies. In
 both species, directional variation in SSD between populations is driven
 by stronger sexual selection on male size. Using controlled laboratory
 breeding, we find evidence for sex-specific plasticity and increased
 condition dependence of male size in populations with male-biased SSD, but
 not of female size in populations with female-biased SSD, indicating no
 adaptive canalization of female size. 3.To extend the comparative scope,
 we next estimate sex-specific body size plasticity in eight additional fly
 species that differ in the direction of SSD under laboratory conditions.
 In all species with male-biased SSD we find males to be the more plastic
 sex, while this was only rarely the case in species with female-biased
 SSD, thus suggesting a more general trend in Diptera. 4.To examine the
 generality of this pattern in holometabolous insects, we combine our data
 with data from the literature in a meta-analysis. Again, male body size
 tends to be more plastic than female size when males are the larger sex,
 though female size is now also generally more plastic when females are
 larger. 5.Our findings indicate that primarily selection on size, rather
 than the reproductive role per se, drives the evolution of sex-specific
 body size plasticity. However, sepsid flies, and possibly Diptera in
 general, show a clear sexual asymmetry with greater male than female
 plasticity related to SSD, likely driven by strong sexual selection on
 males. Although further research controlling for phylogenetic and
 ecological confounding effects is needed, our findings are congruent with
 theory in suggesting that condition dependence plays a pivotal role in the
 evolution of sexual size dimorphism.
description: Body size data across
 temperatures and food treatments in Sepsis punctum and Sepsis
 neocynipseaIndividual hind tibia
 length measurements (in mm) for Sepsis punctum and Sepsis neocynipsea
 raised at different temperatures and with different amounts of
 food.DRYAD.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0n1hb08
title: Data from: Temporal changes in genetic variability in three bumblebee species from Rio Grande do Sul, South Brazil

description: [No abstract entered]
description: Microsatellite_GenAlEX_datafileThis datafile includes the microsatellite genetic data in GenALEx format used in the paperDryad_Apidologie.xlsx
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31154518
title: don't show this again

description: Pictures from <i>Acropora spathulata</i> colonies collected on the Great Barrier Reef within the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Project (RRAP)Samples metadata can be accessed through GEOME portal: https://n2t.net/ark:/21547/R2658
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31154518.v1
title: don't show this again

description: Pictures from <i>Acropora spathulata</i> colonies collected on the Great Barrier Reef within the Reef Restoration and Adaptation Project (RRAP)Samples metadata can be accessed through GEOME portal: https://n2t.net/ark:/21547/R2658