cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027339
title: Identification of commercial meats from Amazonas, Peru using PCR-RFLP of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene

description: Abstract The use of analytical methodologies based on DNA (e.g. PCR-RFLP) to determine the authenticity of different types of meat products after the initial labeling is pivotal to avoid fraudulent practices due to the increased rates of meat consumption. Our PCR-RFLP of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene using restriction enzymes (AluI and ApoI) aimed to confirm the accuracy of the meat species labeling, based on fresh and processed meat collected in central markets along the main cities in the Amazonas Region (Bagua, Bagua Grande, Chachapoyas, Luya, Pedro Ruiz, Rodriguez de Mendoza). Our analyses qualitatively identified and differentiated three commercial species of fresh meat (bovine, porcine, ovine) and also found the substitution of goat by sheep meat. Regarding processed meat, its composition was uncertain and further analyses should be addressed to determine the meat origin. Monitoring using DNA-based analytical methods of meat trade is suggested to determine fraudulent practices, such as species substitution in markets along regions of Peru.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027336.v1
title: Geochemical Investigation of Tar Balls Collected in a Brazilian Beach Using Biomarkers, Ni/V, δ13C Ratios and Ultra-High Resolution FT-ICR Mass Spectrometry

description: Representative tar balls collected in two distinct years (2012 and 2014) in a beach along the State of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, were geochemically characterized in order to identify correlations between them and investigate potential sources. Terpanes and steranes biomarkers (detected by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry, GC-MS), carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C), Ni and V ratios and polar compounds by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization in negative mode (ESI(-) FT-ICR MS) were evaluated. Three Brazilian oil samples from distinct sources were assessed as possible spill sources, comparing their results with the tar ball samples. Using chemometric techniques, it was verified correlation between the two set of tar ball samples, suggesting same source. However, no correlation with the oil samples was observed, with different geochemical profile among them. The heteroatom class distribution displayed severe degradation levels for tar balls and its seems that photo-oxidation and biodegradation processes were further relevant. Tar ball samples show multiple classes, most oxygenated, and with one sample showing considerable relative abundance of N1 class, suggesting it is from a more recent oil spill. In brief, our results suggest that the region, with very sensitive ecosystem, is possibly subjected to frequent spills from the same source.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027339.v1
title: Identification of commercial meats from Amazonas, Peru using PCR-RFLP of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene

description: Abstract The use of analytical methodologies based on DNA (e.g. PCR-RFLP) to determine the authenticity of different types of meat products after the initial labeling is pivotal to avoid fraudulent practices due to the increased rates of meat consumption. Our PCR-RFLP of mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene using restriction enzymes (AluI and ApoI) aimed to confirm the accuracy of the meat species labeling, based on fresh and processed meat collected in central markets along the main cities in the Amazonas Region (Bagua, Bagua Grande, Chachapoyas, Luya, Pedro Ruiz, Rodriguez de Mendoza). Our analyses qualitatively identified and differentiated three commercial species of fresh meat (bovine, porcine, ovine) and also found the substitution of goat by sheep meat. Regarding processed meat, its composition was uncertain and further analyses should be addressed to determine the meat origin. Monitoring using DNA-based analytical methods of meat trade is suggested to determine fraudulent practices, such as species substitution in markets along regions of Peru.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027333
title: Resistant starch and soy protein isolate in instant noodles obtained by conventional and vacuum frying

description: Abstract Health concerns with the consumption of high-fat products and with respect to the intake of fibre are important for consumers. Vacuum frying process is an alternative frying process that increases the quality of foods. The objective was to develop instant noodles aiming to reduce carbohydrate and fat content by adding soy protein isolate (SPI) and resistant starch (RS3), using conventional and vacuum frying processes. A 22 central composite rotational design was used for each type of process, and the formulations were optimized using the Response Surface Methodology. The noodles were characterized with respect to fat absorption, cooking time, final resistant starch content and firmness. The noodles produced at the optimized point were also characterized for their isoflavone content, amino acid profile and by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The response surfaces showed that the addition of SPI and RS3 to the formulation resulted in reduced fat absorption and texture. Comparing both frying processes it was found that noodles obtained by vacuum frying absorbed 3% less fat and were less firm than those produced by conventional frying process. The SEM analysis showed that the noodles obtained by conventional frying had a more porous structure, which allowed an easier fat penetration, whereas those produced by vacuum frying showed a more closed structure with fat impregnated on the surface. Regardless of the process used, it was possible to obtain noodles with improved nutritional value, since they showed high fibre (8%) and protein (approximately 11%) contents, considerable isoflavone content (8.20 mg/100 g) and a complete amino acid profile, due to a significant increase in nearly all the amino acids, especially lysine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027327
title: Determination of D and z values for Salmonella Typhimurium inoculated in an egg-based pastry

description: Abstract Eggs, often used in pastry products, are one of the major transmission vehicles of Salmonella. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate Salmonella Typhimurium thermal resistance, by D and z values determination, in a traditional Portuguese egg-based pastry and its microbial and physical-chemical characterization. Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 (OXOID C6000L) (Ca. 1.33×108 cfu g-1) was inoculated in a liquid batter consisting of 8 whole eggs, 7 egg yolks, 280 g of wheat flour and 250 g of sugar. D and z values determinations were performed after applying a water bath to vacuum-packed samples of liquid batter (5 g), following thermal treatments: 52 °C (45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 min); 55 °C (15, 30, 45, 60, 70 and 80 min); 58 °C (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min) and 61 °C (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min). Physico-chemical (aw, pH, moisture, sugar, ashes, protein and free fat) and microbiological determinations (mesophilic microorganisms, psychrotrophic, molds and yeasts, Enterobacteriacea, E. coli; Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus) were also conducted in raw liquid batter. It was possible to investigate different combinations of time and temperature for Salmonella Typhimurium inactivation, compared to other studies on egg-based batter, often used to make pastry products. Liquid batter aw before inoculation was 0.94 and pH 7.26. The D values were obtained 53.19 min, 20.45 min, 6.95 min and 1.60 min, at 52 °C, 55 °C, 58 °C e 61 °C, respectively. From the calculated D values, the corresponding z value was 5.96 °C.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027330
title: Metabolomics-Based Discovery of Biomarkers with Cytotoxic Potential in Extracts of Myracrodruon urundeuva

description: Myracrodruon urundeuva (“aroeira-do-sertão”) is a species threatened with extinction due to anthropogenic exploitation. Phytochemical analysis of bark, branch and leaf extracts revealed the presence of several compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, quercetin derivatives and anacardic acids. Dereplication methodology was performed to tentatively identify 50 compounds analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry operating in MSE mode (UPLC-QTOF-MSE). The extracts exhibited anti-tumor effect in cancer cells HCT-116 (colorectal), SF-295 (glioblastoma), HL-60 (leukemia), and RAJI (leukemia). Also, these results correlate with the principal component analysis (PCA) data that identified three distinct groups indicating, efficiently, metabolic differences between organs of M. urundeuva. Through discriminatory analysis of the orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS-DA), the variable of importance in the projection (VIP) and S-Plot, we were able to determine 30 potential biomarkers. The fingerprint of hydroethanolic extracts was correlated with the cytotoxicity assay and demonstrated a significant difference in the composition of plant extract.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027327.v1
title: Determination of D and z values for Salmonella Typhimurium inoculated in an egg-based pastry

description: Abstract Eggs, often used in pastry products, are one of the major transmission vehicles of Salmonella. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate Salmonella Typhimurium thermal resistance, by D and z values determination, in a traditional Portuguese egg-based pastry and its microbial and physical-chemical characterization. Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028 (OXOID C6000L) (Ca. 1.33×108 cfu g-1) was inoculated in a liquid batter consisting of 8 whole eggs, 7 egg yolks, 280 g of wheat flour and 250 g of sugar. D and z values determinations were performed after applying a water bath to vacuum-packed samples of liquid batter (5 g), following thermal treatments: 52 °C (45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 min); 55 °C (15, 30, 45, 60, 70 and 80 min); 58 °C (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 min) and 61 °C (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min). Physico-chemical (aw, pH, moisture, sugar, ashes, protein and free fat) and microbiological determinations (mesophilic microorganisms, psychrotrophic, molds and yeasts, Enterobacteriacea, E. coli; Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus) were also conducted in raw liquid batter. It was possible to investigate different combinations of time and temperature for Salmonella Typhimurium inactivation, compared to other studies on egg-based batter, often used to make pastry products. Liquid batter aw before inoculation was 0.94 and pH 7.26. The D values were obtained 53.19 min, 20.45 min, 6.95 min and 1.60 min, at 52 °C, 55 °C, 58 °C e 61 °C, respectively. From the calculated D values, the corresponding z value was 5.96 °C.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027333.v1
title: Resistant starch and soy protein isolate in instant noodles obtained by conventional and vacuum frying

description: Abstract Health concerns with the consumption of high-fat products and with respect to the intake of fibre are important for consumers. Vacuum frying process is an alternative frying process that increases the quality of foods. The objective was to develop instant noodles aiming to reduce carbohydrate and fat content by adding soy protein isolate (SPI) and resistant starch (RS3), using conventional and vacuum frying processes. A 22 central composite rotational design was used for each type of process, and the formulations were optimized using the Response Surface Methodology. The noodles were characterized with respect to fat absorption, cooking time, final resistant starch content and firmness. The noodles produced at the optimized point were also characterized for their isoflavone content, amino acid profile and by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The response surfaces showed that the addition of SPI and RS3 to the formulation resulted in reduced fat absorption and texture. Comparing both frying processes it was found that noodles obtained by vacuum frying absorbed 3% less fat and were less firm than those produced by conventional frying process. The SEM analysis showed that the noodles obtained by conventional frying had a more porous structure, which allowed an easier fat penetration, whereas those produced by vacuum frying showed a more closed structure with fat impregnated on the surface. Regardless of the process used, it was possible to obtain noodles with improved nutritional value, since they showed high fibre (8%) and protein (approximately 11%) contents, considerable isoflavone content (8.20 mg/100 g) and a complete amino acid profile, due to a significant increase in nearly all the amino acids, especially lysine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027324
title: The association between traumatic experiences and suicide attempt in patients treated at the Hospital de Pronto Socorro in Porto Alegre, Brazil

description: Abstract Objective To analyze associations between attempted suicide and childhood trauma. Methods A seven month comparative case-control study (28 subjects – patients with suicide attempt; 56 controls – patients without suicide attempt). The following instruments were used: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), and Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). Results The group with suicide attempt had significantly higher scores for some variables: emotional abuse (p &lt; 0.001), physical abuse (p &lt; 0.001), emotional neglect (p &lt; 0.001), and physical neglect (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions The results suggest that variables related to previous trauma may influence future suicide attempts. The adoption of preventive and therapeutic actions related to mistreatments during child development is a crucial factor in reduction of suicide risk.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027330.v1
title: Metabolomics-Based Discovery of Biomarkers with Cytotoxic Potential in Extracts of Myracrodruon urundeuva

description: Myracrodruon urundeuva (“aroeira-do-sertão”) is a species threatened with extinction due to anthropogenic exploitation. Phytochemical analysis of bark, branch and leaf extracts revealed the presence of several compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, quercetin derivatives and anacardic acids. Dereplication methodology was performed to tentatively identify 50 compounds analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry operating in MSE mode (UPLC-QTOF-MSE). The extracts exhibited anti-tumor effect in cancer cells HCT-116 (colorectal), SF-295 (glioblastoma), HL-60 (leukemia), and RAJI (leukemia). Also, these results correlate with the principal component analysis (PCA) data that identified three distinct groups indicating, efficiently, metabolic differences between organs of M. urundeuva. Through discriminatory analysis of the orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS-DA), the variable of importance in the projection (VIP) and S-Plot, we were able to determine 30 potential biomarkers. The fingerprint of hydroethanolic extracts was correlated with the cytotoxicity assay and demonstrated a significant difference in the composition of plant extract.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027318
title: HIV and syphilis infections and associated factors among patients in treatment at a Specialist Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drugs Center in São Paulo’s “Cracolândia”

description: Abstract Introduction This study describes the epidemiological scenario of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis at the biggest specialist drug addiction center in Brazil. The great challenge is to find strategies to reduce the impact of inequality and discrimination and develop policies to protect individuals living with – or at risk of – infections. Methods During the period from January 1 to May 31, 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted on which all patients (N = 806) seeking inpatient treatment were enrolled. A structured diagnostic interview and rapid tests were conducted initially, and diagnoses were confirmed by tests conducted at a venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL). Results HIV and syphilis rates were 5.86% and 21.9%, respectively. Women were nearly 2.5 times more likely to have syphilis. HIV infection was associated with unprotected sex (odds ratio [OR]: 3.27, p = 0.003, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.51-7.11), and suicidal ideation (OR: 6.63, p = 0.001, 95%CI: 3.37-14.0). Although only 1.86% reported injecting drugs at any point during their lifetimes, this variable was associated with both HIV and syphilis. Elevated rates of HIV and syphilis were observed in the context of this severe social vulnerability scenario. Conclusion The risk factors identified as associated with HIV and syphilis should be taken into consideration for implementation of specific prevention strategies including early diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STI) to tackle the rapid spread of STIs in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027321
title: Evaluation of different methodologies for the determination of phenolic compounds in tropical fruits

description: Abstract Phenolic compounds are natural antioxidants and can be found with abundance in fruits and vegetables. One of the first methods created for analyzing phenolic compounds was the Folin-Denis method; and hereafter, the Folin Ciocalteu method was developed and recently, one of the most recent method is the Fast Blue. Due to the importance of these compounds in food, this work aimed to determine the total phenolic compounds in three fruits, such as: Passion Fruit, “Palmer” mango and “Pera” orange. In addition, these fruits were analyzed through three different determination methods. Furthermore, the content of vitamin C, soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH of these fruits were evaluated. Based on the results, it was verified that there was no difference among the values of vitamin C, soluble solids and TA in relation to those found in the literature. When comparing the three methods (Fast Blue BB, Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent and Folin-Denis Reagent), the results showed a difference in the phenolic compounds that may be related to the distinct reagents used in each method and its different action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027324.v1
title: The association between traumatic experiences and suicide attempt in patients treated at the Hospital de Pronto Socorro in Porto Alegre, Brazil

description: Abstract Objective To analyze associations between attempted suicide and childhood trauma. Methods A seven month comparative case-control study (28 subjects – patients with suicide attempt; 56 controls – patients without suicide attempt). The following instruments were used: Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), and Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). Results The group with suicide attempt had significantly higher scores for some variables: emotional abuse (p &lt; 0.001), physical abuse (p &lt; 0.001), emotional neglect (p &lt; 0.001), and physical neglect (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions The results suggest that variables related to previous trauma may influence future suicide attempts. The adoption of preventive and therapeutic actions related to mistreatments during child development is a crucial factor in reduction of suicide risk.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027318.v1
title: HIV and syphilis infections and associated factors among patients in treatment at a Specialist Alcohol, Tobacco, and Drugs Center in São Paulo’s “Cracolândia”

description: Abstract Introduction This study describes the epidemiological scenario of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis at the biggest specialist drug addiction center in Brazil. The great challenge is to find strategies to reduce the impact of inequality and discrimination and develop policies to protect individuals living with – or at risk of – infections. Methods During the period from January 1 to May 31, 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted on which all patients (N = 806) seeking inpatient treatment were enrolled. A structured diagnostic interview and rapid tests were conducted initially, and diagnoses were confirmed by tests conducted at a venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL). Results HIV and syphilis rates were 5.86% and 21.9%, respectively. Women were nearly 2.5 times more likely to have syphilis. HIV infection was associated with unprotected sex (odds ratio [OR]: 3.27, p = 0.003, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.51-7.11), and suicidal ideation (OR: 6.63, p = 0.001, 95%CI: 3.37-14.0). Although only 1.86% reported injecting drugs at any point during their lifetimes, this variable was associated with both HIV and syphilis. Elevated rates of HIV and syphilis were observed in the context of this severe social vulnerability scenario. Conclusion The risk factors identified as associated with HIV and syphilis should be taken into consideration for implementation of specific prevention strategies including early diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STI) to tackle the rapid spread of STIs in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027321.v1
title: Evaluation of different methodologies for the determination of phenolic compounds in tropical fruits

description: Abstract Phenolic compounds are natural antioxidants and can be found with abundance in fruits and vegetables. One of the first methods created for analyzing phenolic compounds was the Folin-Denis method; and hereafter, the Folin Ciocalteu method was developed and recently, one of the most recent method is the Fast Blue. Due to the importance of these compounds in food, this work aimed to determine the total phenolic compounds in three fruits, such as: Passion Fruit, “Palmer” mango and “Pera” orange. In addition, these fruits were analyzed through three different determination methods. Furthermore, the content of vitamin C, soluble solids, titratable acidity and pH of these fruits were evaluated. Based on the results, it was verified that there was no difference among the values of vitamin C, soluble solids and TA in relation to those found in the literature. When comparing the three methods (Fast Blue BB, Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent and Folin-Denis Reagent), the results showed a difference in the phenolic compounds that may be related to the distinct reagents used in each method and its different action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12027312
title: Study of Thermoplastic Extrusion and Its Impact on the Chemical and Nutritional Characteristics and Two Sorghum Genotypes SC 319 and BRS 332

description: The use of sorghum in human nutrition has been expanded due to its nutritional composition and its functional potential. Extrusion has been used to improve the quality of sorghum. The aim of this work was to assess the effect of extrusion in the nutritional composition, phenolic compounds content of two sorghum, and characterize the profile of chemical constituents by paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS). Extrusion increased the carbohydrate and fiber contents and reduced moisture, lipids and ashes, and enabling a higher degree of liberation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. The fingerprint obtained in both ionization modes had been influenced by extrusion, allowing for a greater compounds’ identification on the extruded samples. The analysis of sorghum samples’ main components made distinguishing of the main constituents possible, as well as highlighted the extrusion effect and the influence of the genotypes. This study demonstrated that extrusion enabling a higher liberation of phenolic compounds, which were identified by the PS-MS technique.