DOI: 10.5061/dryad.280gb5n03
title: Supplementary data from: Phylogeny and macroevolution of a “dead clade walking”: a systematic revision of the Paragaricocrinidae (Crinoidea)

description: The Paragaricocrinidae is an enigmatic Late Paleozoic family of camerate
 crinoids that retained a robustly constructed calyx more typical of
 Devonian to Early Mississippian crinoids. The discovery of the oldest
 member of this family, Tuscumbiacrinus madisonensis n. gen., n. sp.,
 initiated a phylogenetic investigation of the Paragaricocrinidae and
 consideration of its diversification and paleobiogeographic distribution.
 Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate the need to describe Tuscumbiacrinus n.
 gen and conduct revisions to preexisting taxa, resulting in the
 description of Palenciacrinus mudaensis n. gen., n. sp.; Pulcheracrinus n.
 gen.; Nipponicrinus hashimotoi n. gen., n. sp.; and Nipponicrinus
 akiyoshiensis n. gen., n. sp. Also, Megaliocrinus exotericus Strimple,
 1951, is reassigned to Pulcherarcrinus n. sp. In addition to having an
 anachronistic morphology, relatively few specimens are known through the
 ~76 million-year duration of this family. This pattern is unlikely to have
 resulted from low fossil sampling alone, and instead likely reflects low
 abundance and/or taxonomic richness of a long-lived waning clade. From its
 apparent origination in Laurussia during the Mississippian, it diversified
 into a cosmopolitan clade. Following a diversity drop during the
 Pennsylvanian, the Paragaricocrinidae persisted but exemplified
 characteristics of a dead clade walking until its eventual extinction
 during the Middle Permian (Wordian).
description: Morphological data set was gathered from actual specimens and
 from the literature. Tables of these data include input matrix into
 phylogenetic software and diagnostic characters for defining genera and
 species of Paragaricocrinidae. Additional data information includes
 cladograms not included in the manuscript and other results to clarify
 phylogenetic data. Phylogenetic analyses were completed in Markov chain
 Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulation in MrBayes 3.2.6.
description: # **Supplementary data from: Phylogeny and macroevolution of a “dead clade
 walking”: a systematic revision of the Paragaricocrinidae (Crinoidea)** ##
 Author affiliations Richard G. Keyes: Huntsville, AL, USA.
 [rgeo@bellsouth.net](mailto:rgeo@bellsouth.net) David. F. Wright: Sam
 Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History and School of Geosciences,
 University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA.
 [wrightdf@ou.edu](mailto:wrightdf@ou.edu) William I. Ausich: School of
 Earth Sciences, Columbus, OH, USA.
 [ausich.1@osu.edu](mailto:ausich.1@osu.edu) ## **Description of the data
 and file structure** Supplementary data includes 4 supplementary figures
 (jpg) and 4 supplementary tables (xlsx). The supplementary figures include
 phylogenetic trees not published in the paper and results from additional
 statistical analyses. The supplementary tables include primary data used
 for phylogenetic analyses and diagnostic tables that list genera or
 species and the diagnostic characters used to distinguish among them.
 Captions for these supplementary data are the following:
 **DataForPhylogeneticData_Data.xlsx** Data used to generate phylogenetic
 trees **ExplanationOfDataForPhylogeneticAnalysis_Data.xlsx** Characters
 and character states that correspond to information on
 DataForPhylogeneticAnalysis_Data
 **DiagnosticCharactersForParagaricocrinidGenera_Data.xlsx** Matrix of
 genera and characters that differentiate genera of the Paragaricocrinidae
 **DiagnosticCharactersForParagaicocrinidSpecies_Data.xlsx** Matrix of
 species and characters that differentiate species of the
 Paragaricocrinidae. **SupplementaryIInformation1.jpg** Cladogram from
 parsimony analysis of 11 paragaricocrinid species (Mississippian­–Permian)
 with *Amphoracrinus gilbertsoni*, *Athabascacrinus colemani*,
 *Gennaeocrinus kentuckiensis*, and *Pimlicocrinus clitheroensis* as
 outgroups. Fourteen trees retained; tree length, 142; CI, 0.507; RI,
 0.453. Values at nodes indicate the percentage of MPTs recovering each
 clade. Excluding Tuscumbiacrinus, taxonomic names from the literature at
 the beginning of this study. **SupplementaryIInformation2.jpg** Cladogram
 from parsimony analysis of Pennsylvanian species of the Paragaricocrinidae
 with *Amphoracrinus gilbertsoni* and *Pimlicocrinus clitheroensis* as
 outgroups. Single tree retained length tree length 74, CI, 0.648l; HI,
 0.3514; RI 0.5667; RCI, 0.3676. Taxonomic names from the literature at the
 beginning of this study. **SupplementaryIInformation3.jpg** Probability
 mass function (pmf) of a Poisson distribution describing the probability
 of *n* occurrences along a branch duration of *t* = 56.6 million years
 given an average fossil sampling rate of *y* = 0.088 (median = 0.0920).
 **SupplementaryIInformation4.jpg** The log-likelihood function of the
 fossil sampling rate *y* when *n*=1 and *t*=56.6. The red line at *y* =
 0.018 indicates the log maximum-likelihood estimate of fossil sampling
 implied by the topological position of the *Wannerocrinus* lineage in
 Supplemental Figure 1, which is ~5 times lower than expected given the
 average sampling rate for paragaricocrinid taxa. ## Version Change Log
 **4-Oct-2024:** Added figure explanations to each PDF.