cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h4d6h
title: Data from: Male-mimicking females increase male-male interactions, and decrease male survival and condition in a female-polymorphic damselfly

description: Biologists are still discovering diverse and powerful ways sexual
 conflicts shape biodiversity. The present study examines how the
 proportion of females in a population that exhibit male mimicry, a mating
 resistance trait, influences conspecific males’ behavior, condition and
 survival. Like most female-polymorphic damselflies, Ischnura ramburii
 harbors both “andromorph” females, which closely resemble males, and
 sexually dimorphic “gynomorph” counterparts. There is evidence that male
 mimicry helps andromorphs evade detection and harassment, but males can
 also learn to target locally prevalent morph(s) via prior mate encounters.
 I hypothesized that the presence of male mimics could therefore predispose
 males to mate recognition errors, and thereby increase rates of costly
 male-male interactions. Consistent with this hypothesis, male-male
 interaction rates were highest in mesocosms containing more andromorph
 (vs. gynomorph) females. Males in andromorph-biased mesocosms also had
 lower final body mass and higher mortality than males assigned to
 gynomorph-majority treatments. Male survival and body mass were each
 negatively affect by mesocosm density, and mortality data revealed a
 marginally significant interaction between andromorph frequency and
 population density. These findings suggest that, under sufficiently
 crowded conditions, female mating resistance traits such as male mimicry
 could have pronounced indirect effects on male behavior, condition, and
 survival.
description: Survival_and_mass_dataData on male survival and body mass from mesocosm experimentsBehavioral_ObservationsData from behavioral observations of focal males
DOI: 10.15468/dl.77jpbw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 891 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Sophonia orientalis"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 891 records from 27 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001360-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bs42p
title: Data from: Pollen diversity matters: revealing the neglected effect of pollen diversity on fitness in fragmented landscapes

description: Few studies have documented the impacts of habitat fragmentation on plant
 mating patterns together with fitness. Yet, these processes require urgent
 attention to better understand the impact of contemporary landscape change
 on biodiversity and for guiding native plant genetic resource management.
 We examined these relationships using the predominantly insect-pollinated
 Eucalyptus socialis. Progeny were collected from trees located in three
 increasingly disturbed landscapes in southern Australia and were planted
 out in common garden experiments. We show that individual mating patterns
 were increasingly impacted by lower conspecific density caused by habitat
 fragmentation. We determined that reduced pollen diversity, not
 inbreeding, was the factor that best explained variation in progeny
 growth. This provides an alternative mechanistic explanation for the
 indirect density dependence often inferred between conspecific density and
 offspring fitness. Consequently, native plant genetic resource management
 should be refined from not only attempting to avoid inbreeding but also to
 encourage pollen diversity.
description: MECBreedfamilyfamily-level mating system and growth dataMECBreedprogenyindividual height, heterozygosity and block data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sf33k
title: Data from: Interacting effects of wildlife loss and climate on ticks and tick-borne disease

description: Both large-wildlife loss and climatic changes can independently influence
 the prevalence and distribution of zoonotic disease. Given growing
 evidence that wildlife loss often has stronger community-level effects in
 low-productivity areas, we hypothesized that these perturbations would
 have interactive effects on disease risk. We experimentally tested this
 hypothesis by measuring tick abundance and the prevalence of tick-borne
 pathogens (Coxiella burnetii and Rickettsia spp.) within long-term,
 size-selective, large-herbivore exclosures replicated across a
 precipitation gradient in East Africa. Total wildlife exclusion increased
 total tick abundance by 130% (mesic sites) to 225% (dry, low-productivity
 sites), demonstrating a significant interaction of defaunation and aridity
 on tick abundance. When differing degrees of exclusion were tested for a
 subset of months, total tick abundance increased from 170% (only
 mega-herbivores excluded) to 360% (all large wildlife excluded). Wildlife
 exclusion differentially affected the abundance of the three dominant tick
 species, and this effect varied strongly over time, likely due to
 differences among species in their host associations, seasonality, and
 other ecological characteristics. Pathogen prevalence did not differ
 across wildlife exclusion treatments, rainfall levels, or tick species,
 suggesting that exposure risk will respond to defaunation and climate
 change in proportion to total tick abundance. These findings demonstrate
 interacting effects of defaunation and aridity that increase disease risk,
 and they highlight the need to incorporate ecological context when
 predicting effects of wildlife loss on zoonotic disease dynamics.
description: DatasheetsThe zipped folder contains 9 csv files used for data analysis of tick counts. ALL_ALL refers to counts of all tick species for all treatments (a subset of five months). ALL_LC refers to counts of all tick species for Total exclosures vs. Control plots. RHPR_ALL and RHPR_LC are data for Rhipicephalus praetextatus for all treatments and Total vs. Control plots, respectively. RHPU_ALL and RHPU_LC are data for Rhipicephalus pulchellus. RHPV_ALL and RHPV_LC are data for Rhipicephalus pravus. Pathogens_CB_R contain data on Coxiella burnetii and Rickettsia pathogen infection in ticks. Column headers are Period: The month that ticks were collected, starting from October 2013. Level: The geographic location of the exclosure treatment. 1 = Southern, mesic region, 2 = Central, intermediate region, 3 = North, arid region. Replicate: Numbered 1-9, the identity of replicated plot treatments. Treatment: The type of exclosure - LMH = Total exclosure, CONT = control, MESO = exclusion of all herbivores &gt;15kg, MEGA = exclusion of elephant and giraffe. Rain = Mean annual rainfall at each level (mm/year).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qq435
title: Data from: The role of visual cues in mother–pup reunions in a colonially breeding mammal

description: Parental care is an important factor influencing offspring survival and
 adult reproductive success in many vertebrates. Parent-offspring
 recognition ensures care is only directed to filial young, avoiding the
 costs of misallocated resource transfer. It is essential in colonial
 mammal species, such as otariids (fur seals and sea lions), in which
 repeated mother-offspring separations increase the risk of misdirecting
 maternal effort. Identification of otariid pups by mothers is known to be
 multimodal, yet the role of visual cues in this process remains uncertain.
 We used 3-dimensional visual models to investigate the importance of
 visual cues in maternal recognition of pups in Australian sea lions
 (Neophoca cinerea). We showed that the colour pattern of pup pelage in the
 absence of any other sensory cues served to attract the attention of
 females and prompt investigation. Furthermore, females were capable of
 accurately distinguishing between models imitating the age-class of their
 own pup and those resembling older or younger age-classes. Our results
 suggest that visual cues facilitate age-class discrimination of pups by
 females and so are likely to play an important role in mother-pup reunions
 and recognition in otariid species.
description: Raw behavioural
 dataRaw data for both the
 Natural vs Unnatural experiment (testing the response of Australian sea
 lion females to pup models with natural vs unnatural pelage colour
 pattern) and Age Classes experiment (testing the ability of Australian sea
 lion females to distinguish pup models based on age-class-specific pelage
 patterns)Wierucka et al_raw
 data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.60s6123
title: Data from: A land classification protocol for pollinator ecology research: an urbanisation case study

description: 1. Land-use change is one of the most important drivers of widespread
 declines in pollinator populations. Comprehensive quantitative methods for
 land classification are critical to understanding these effects, but
 co-option of existing human-focussed land classifications is often
 inappropriate for pollinator research. 2. Here we present a flexible
 GIS-based land classification protocol for pollinator research using a
 bottom-up approach driven by reference to pollinator ecology, with
 urbanisation as a case study. Our multi-step method involves manually
 generating land cover maps at multiple biologically relevant radii
 surrounding study sites using GIS, with a focus on identifying land cover
 types that have a specific relevance to pollinators. This is followed by a
 three-step refinement process using statistical tools: 1) definition of
 land-use categories, 2) Principal Components Analysis (PCA) on the
 categories and 3) cluster analysis to generate a categorical land-use
 variable for use in subsequent analysis. Model selection is then used to
 determine the appropriate spatial scale for analysis. 3. We demonstrate an
 application of our protocol using a case study of 38 sites across a
 gradient of urbanisation in South-East England. In our case study, the
 land classification generated a categorical land-use variable at each of
 four radii based on the clustering of sites with different degrees of
 urbanisation, open land and flower-rich habitat. 4. Studies of land-use
 effects on pollinators have historically employed a wide array of land
 classification techniques from descriptive and qualitative to complex and
 quantitative. We suggest that land-use studies in pollinator ecology
 should broadly adopt GIS-based multi-step land classification techniques
 to enable robust analysis and aid comparative research. Our protocol
 offers a customizable approach that combines specific relevance to
 pollinator research with the potential for application to a wide range of
 ecological questions, including agroecological studies of pest control.
description: ASamuelson_land
 classification in pollinator ecology_dataProportion of 8 land-use
 classes at four radii (100m, 250m, 500m, 750m) for each site in the case
 study, from which the Principle Components Analysis and Cluster Analysis
 were performed. Prop_impX: proportion impervious surface at Xm radius,
 Prop_flowX: proportion flower-rich habitat at Xm radius,
 Prop_domesticinfrastructureX: proportion domestic infrastructure at Xm
 radius, Prop_openX: proportion open land at Xm radius, Prop_treeX:
 proportion tree cover at Xm radius, Prop_agX: proportion agricultural land
 at Xm radius, Prop_gardX: proportion gardens at Xm radius, Prop_roadX:
 proportion roads at Xm radius.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n6k49
title: Data from: Faunal community consequence of interspecific bark trait dissimilarity in early-stage decomposing logs

description: Dead tree trunks have significant ecosystem functions related to
 biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles. When lying on the soil surface,
 they are colonized by an array of invertebrate fauna, but what determines
 their community composition is still unclear. We apply community assembly
 theory to colonization of tree logs by invertebrates. During early
 decomposition, the attached bark is critically important as an environment
 filter for community assembly through habitat provision. Specifically, we
 hypothesized that the more dissimilar bark traits were between tree
 species, the more their faunal community compositions would differ. We
 tested this hypothesis by investigating the effects of bark traits on the
 invertebrate communities in the early-decomposing logs of 11 common,
 temperate tree species placed in the ‘common garden’ experiment LOGLIFE.
 Bark traits included bark looseness, fissure index, outer bark thickness,
 ratio of inner to outer bark thickness, punch resistance, water storage
 capacity and bark pH. The predominant faunal groups studied were Annelida,
 Isopoda, Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Diptera and Coleoptera. Our results showed
 (i) strong interspecific differences in bark traits, (ii) that bark traits
 related to environmental buffering had profound effects on the abundance
 of specific invertebrate groups, and (iii) the higher the overall bark
 trait dissimilarity between tree species, the more dissimilar these tree
 species were in faunal community composition, and the higher was the joint
 invertebrate family richness. A suite of bark traits together has
 fundamental afterlife effects on invertebrate community assembly, strongly
 filtering the colonizing invertebrates in early-decomposing logs, driving
 variation in their community composition and diversity. Our findings
 indicate that bark trait dissimilarity among tree species in forest stands
 is likely a better indicator of early-phase dead trunk fauna diversity
 than tree species diversity per se.
description: Bark traits of 11
 temperate tree speciesBark traits of 11
 temperate tree species after 15 months incubation in a common forest site
 in the LOGLIFE experiment.Bark traits of the tree
 species.csvFauna data at Major
 clade levelFauna data at major
 clades level. Fauna were collected from the logs of 11 temperate tree
 species after 15 months incubation in a common forest site in the LOGLIFE
 experiment.Fauna data at Family
 levelFauna data at family
 level. Fauna were collected from the logs of 11 temperate tree species
 after 15 months incubation in a common forest site in the LOGLIFE
 experiment.Fauna data of Diplopoda
 and Isopoda speciesFauna data of Diplopoda
 and Isopoda species. Fauna were collected from the logs of 11 temperate
 tree species after 15 months incubation in a common forest site in the
 LOGLIFE experiment.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n01rh
title: Data from: Exploring visual plasticity: dietary carotenoids can change color vision in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)

description: Differences in color vision can play a key role in an organism’s ability
 to perceive and interact with the environment across a broad range of
 taxa. Recently, species have been shown to vary in color vision across
 populations as a result of differences in regulatory sequence and/or
 plasticity of opsin gene expression. For decades, biologists have been
 intrigued by among-population variation in color-based mate preferences of
 female Trinidadian guppies. We proposed that some of this variation
 results from variation in color vision caused by plasticity in opsin
 expression. Specifically, we asked about the role of dietary carotenoid
 availability, because carotenoids (1) are the precursors for vitamin A,
 which is essential for the creation of photopigments and (2) have been
 linked to variation in female mate choice. We raised guppies on different
 carotenoid-level diets and measured opsin expression. Guppies raised on
 high-carotenoid diets expressed higher levels of long wavelength sensitive
 opsin (LWS) opsins than those raised on lower levels of carotenoids. These
 results suggest that dietary effects on opsin expression represent a
 previously unaccounted for mechanism by which ecological differences
 across populations could lead to mate choice differences.
description: R File of
 StatsThis is the R file of
 the statistics run.CarotenoidsOpsins.ROpsin Expression Relative to HousekeepingExpression level for each opsin relative to a housekeeping gene.CarOps_House.csvProportional Opsin ExpressionExpression of each opsin as a proportion of total opsin expression. (See manuscript for justification).CarOps_Prop.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2c2q7
title: Data from: Columnar cacti as sources of energy and protein for frugivorous bats in a semi-arid ecosystem

description: Columnar cacti constitute the dominant elements in the vegetation
 structure of arid and semi-arid New World ecosystems representing a
 plethora of food resources for vertebrate consumers. Previous stable
 isotope analysis in Central Mexico showed that columnar cacti are of low
 importance to build tissue for frugivorous bats. We used carbon stable
 isotope analysis of whole blood and breath samples collected from four
 species of frugivorous bats (Sturnira parvidens, Sturnira ludovici,
 Artibeus jamaicensis, and Artibeus intermedius) to reconstruct the
 importance of cactus plants in their diet. Breath samples were collected
 within 10 min (B10) of bat capture and ~12 h after capture (B720),
 representing the oxidation of recently ingested food and of body reserves,
 respectively. We expected that bats relied primarily on non-cactus food to
 construct tissues and fuel oxidative metabolism. Non-cactus food strongly
 predominated for tissue building, whereas oxidative metabolism was
 supported by a moderate preponderance of non-cactus food for B10 samples,
 and a moderate preponderance of cactus food or an equal contribution of
 both sources for B720 samples. Artibeus and Surnira species appear to
 cover a narrow part of the diet with cactus food, confirming that the
 incorporation of nutrients derived from these plants is not generalized
 among vertebrate consumers.
description: Herrera and Lopez
 datasetWe present C stable
 isotope values of breath collected 10 and 720 minutes after bat capture,
 and C and N stable isotope values of bat whole blood.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8sd03
title: Data from: Ontogenetic changes in the body temperature of an insect herbivore

description: 1. Over ontogeny, many insect larvae grow substantially, through at least
 several orders of magnitude in body size. Increasing size can profoundly
 change how individuals interact with their environments, by altering the
 opportunities for, and constraints on, feeding, changing the relative risk
 and sources of predation, and shifting the relative importance of physical
 factors in the environment. 2. Here I use eggs and larvae of Manduca
 sexta, which are herbivores on solanaceous plants in the southwestern US,
 to examine how body size affects body temperature. Larvae grow in excess
 of 10,000-fold by mass in a few weeks, from 0.001-g hatchlings to 12 –
 15-g 5th-instar larvae. 3. Using infrared thermography, I show that
 increasing body size leads to large changes in body temperature: over
 ontogeny, average larval temperature increased by 3 – 7°C. The
 temperatures of eggs, hatchlings, and early larval instars were coupled to
 leaf temperatures (Datura wrightii), which were much cooler than ambient
 air temperatures. The temperatures of larger larvae, by contrast, were
 similar to air temperatures, or somewhat higher. 4. Changing body
 temperatures reflect that small and large larvae were immersed
 differentially in leaf boundary layers, received different amounts of
 incoming solar radiation, and used thermal heterogeneity on leaf surfaces
 in different ways. 5. I develop a simple species distribution model that
 links maximum observed air temperatures in the southwestern US with known
 thermal tolerances of eggs and larvae. This model predicts that eggs of M.
 sexta can occupy significantly larger fractions of the landscape than can
 large larvae. 6. Large differences among stage-specific microclimates,
 such as those observed for M. sexta, are likely to be general features for
 insects and other organisms whose body sizes span large ranges, and
 stage-specific microclimates pose general and largely unrecognized
 problems for species distribution models.
description: Woods_Figure_2_dataFile created in Microsoft Excel. See readme.txt for details.Woods_Figure_3_dataFile created in Microsoft Excel. See readme.txt for details.Woods_Figure_4_dataFile created in Microsoft Excel. See readme.txt for details.Woods_Figure_5_dataFile created in Microsoft Excel. See readme.txt for details.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q3sh7
title: Data from: Emergence of weak‐intransitive competition through adaptive diversification and eco‐evolutionary feedbacks

description: Indirect biotic interactions—such as intransitive competition—are
 increasingly recognized as being important in shaping ecological patterns
 in natural systems. Over long time‐scales, such indirect interactions may
 affect the evolution of species phenotypes, which in turn can modify these
 interactions, thereby begetting eco‐evolutionary feedbacks. If indirect
 intransitive interactions can emerge in situ during lineage
 diversification, they could profoundly affect species’ phenotypic
 diversity, temporal stability, and subsequent diversification rates. We
 address these questions by investigating the conditions under which
 indirect intransitive competition can emerge from a lineage diversifying
 in sympatry. We use an adaptive dynamics model to study the ecological and
 evolutionary properties of this lineage under different scenarios where
 competition for resources between phenotypes varies in strength and
 (a)symmetry. Results show that weak‐intransitive competition can emerge
 during the sympatric diversification of a single lineage.
 “Weak‐intransitivity” here refers to situations where species interactions
 are not perfectly transitive, that is, there is no strict hierarchy in
 species competitive abilities. The strength of such weak‐intransitivity
 increases when the competition between phenotypes increases in strength
 and asymmetry. The strength of intransitivity also correlates with other
 system properties. We notably found that the strength of intransitivity
 increases with the number of phenotypes, and that greater intransitivity
 correlates with the evolution of greater functional trait divergences
 between phenotypes, greater resistance to invasion by new phenotypes but
 lower resistance to disturbances as well as slower evolutionary rates.
 Synthesis. This theoretical exploration of the evolution of intransitive
 competition provides the first formal bridge between the ecological and
 evolutionary aspects of intransitive competition. We show that, when
 competitive interactions are strong enough, weak‐intransitive competition
 is more likely to emerge through adaptive diversification than from a
 random community assembly. Intransitive competition is, therefore, not
 only restricted to between‐species interactions but can also function as a
 regulator of diversification within species, thereby affecting lineage
 functional diversity, and ecological and evolutionary stability.
description: Appendix S2 - Script of
 the main modelThis is a Matlab
 scriptDryad
 file.txt