cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305229.v1
title: Characterization of Boar Studs in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Understanding the flow of processes in swine production systems and how they work is fundamental to improving reproductive performance. We surveyed 32 boar studs in Brazil, representing 61.53% of the total in the country. Commercial lines were the most common breed (59.38%) used in the studs. Individual pens and stalls were the most commonly used as housing system (71.9%), and 81.25% of the studs reported having some form of thermal control system. For most of the studs (62.51%), average weekly sperm concentration was higher than 200 million cells per mL. Also, for most studs (71.88%) average weekly ejaculate volume was more than 250 mL. In 46.88% of the studs each ejaculate yielded 26 to 40 semen doses. In 6.25% of the studs, 3.5 billion sperm cells per dose were used for artificial, intracervical insemination. Sperm concentration in 46.88% of the studs was determined using a computer-assisted system analysis. The assessment of sperm quality was conducted using morphology, concentration, and microbiological testing. Employees working on semen collection had formal education of elementary/middle school (34.38%) and high school (37.5%). Most of the laboratory technicians had frequented high school (75%). The most time-consuming task was semen processing, taking 16 to 25 h a week (46.8%) and 6 to 10 h was allotted for the cleaning of stud facilities (46.8%). The data collected in the present study allow greater knowledge of this important part in the pig production chain in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305226.v1
title: Fatty acid profile and physicochemical characterization of buriti oil during storage

description: ABSTRACT: The objective of this research was to evaluate the fatty acid profile and physicochemical properties of buriti oil under storage conditions. The oil was analyzed for 70 days by evaluating the physicochemical characteristics of acidity index, refractive index, bulk density, absolute viscosity, peroxide index, lipid oxidation by TBARS method, color parameters (L *, a *, b *, C * e h *) and carotenoid profile (α-carotene and β-carotene) for every 10 days of storage, in addition to the β-carotene/linoleic acid system and fatty acid profile. Variables remained stable over the analysis periods and the total carotenoids ranged from 836.91 to 1036.96 µg/g. Oleic acid accounted for the highest content among fatty acids, with a value of 78.06 g/100 g of fatty acids and a ω6/ω3 ratio of 1.95. Buriti oil has a nutritional quality and a fatty acid profile that justifies recommendations for its consumption, suggesting the need for regulatory bodies to draw up a standardized protocol for extracting oil from the fruit pulp.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305224.v1
title: Determining the performance of alfalfa population collected from a narrow agroeceological zone of Turkey

description: ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to determine the yield and quality characteristics of some alfalfa village populations cultivated by producers in Bingol province of Turkey. Alfalfa seeds were obtained from 23 different locations in 2015. A three replicated, randomised complete block designed field trial was established in 2016 including these genotypes and four registered varieties. As a result of three year trials, it was determined that the populations obtained from the villages of Servi, Mutluca, Garip, Sarıçiçek-1 and Bagliisa produced highest green herbage and hay yields. When we compare the quality results, Kumgecit, Küçüktekören and Şenköy-1 populations stands out in terms of crude protein ratio. Highest crude protein yield was obtained from Servi population. In terms of relative feed value, it was observed that the varieties were better qualfied than the populations. It is concluded that the populations of Servi, Mutluca, Garip, Sarıçiçek-1 and Bagliisa can be used in breeding studies especially to obtain genetic progress in yield of alfalfa for feed and bioenergy production. For the genetic improvement of current genotypes with higher crude protein ratio, Kumgecit, Küçüktekören and Şenköy-1 populations can be used as a source. This study showed that, East Anatolia region is not just live-conserving highly diversified species but also covering special intra-species genetic diversity in microclimatic zones of Turkey to be used to improve the global forage and bioenergy cropproduction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305222.v1
title: Canopy structure and morphogenesis of Italian ryegrass intercropped with red clover under cutting intervals determined by thermal sum

description: ABSTRACT: The canopy structure and morphogenesis of ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was investigated after it was over seeded with Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) and intercropped with red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Time intervals between cuts were determined by different thermal sums (125, 250, 375, and 500 degree-days [DD]). Cuts were conducted at a height equivalent to 50% of the average canopy height. Morphogenic and structural data were collected from July to October of 2016 and 2017, from a completely randomized block experimental design. Canopy height, extended tiller height, pseudostem length, and forage mass were fitted to linear equations according to the thermal sums. Interaction of ryegrass with red clover was the highest (12.1%) for longer cut intervals (375 and 500 DD). The leaf appearance rate (0.0080 leaf/DD), phyllochron value (128.8 DD), and senescence rate (0.10 cm/DD) of ryegrass were comparable between the different intervals. The slowest elongation rate (0.06 cm/DD) with the shortest interval duration between cuts (171.6 DD) was observed in the 125 DD interval. According to the findings from this 2-year experiment, the use of a 250 DD cut interval was recommended between grazing events, taking into account the efficiency of forage use, ryegrass leaf, stem ratio, and interactions with red clover in the canopy under rotational stocking.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305219.v1
title: Combined supplementation of chromium-yeast and selenium-yeast on finishing barrows

description: ABSTRACT: The present study was performed to evaluate the association of chromium-yeast and selenium-yeast as nutritional additives to enhance performance and quantitative characteristics in the carcass of finishing barrows. A total of 48 barrows, commercial hybrid, with initial weight of 68.3±3.5 kg and final weight of 99.6±3.6 kg, were utilized for the study. The animals were distributed in a randomized complete block design, consisting of three levels of chromium-yeast and selenium-yeast (i.e., without supplementation of chromium-yeast and selenium-yeast, supplementation of 0.4 mg kg-1 chromium-yeast and 0.3 mg kg-1 selenium-yeast, and supplementation of 0.8 mg kg-1 chromium-yeast and 0.6 mg kg-1 selenium-yeast) with eight replicates and two animals per experimental unit. The supplementation of chromium and selenium-yeast did not significantly affect (P&gt;0.05) the average daily feed intake, digestible lysine, crude protein and metabolizable energy intake, average daily weight gain, feed conversion, weight and carcass length, back fat thickness, muscle depth, percentage and amount of lean meat, and carcass allowance. These findings suggest that supplementation of chromium and selenium-yeast does not affect the performance or quantitative characteristics in the carcass of finishing barrows.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305217.v1
title: Physical therapy treatment in the functional recovery of dogs submitted to head and femoral neck ostectomy: 20 cases

description: ABSTRACT: Patients who undergo excisional surgical procedures such as femoral head and neck ostectomy (FHO) require a postoperative rehabilitation plan which includes different physical therapy modalities. Therefore, this retrospective study was done to demonstrate the different physical therapy modalities utilized in 20 dogs who were subjected to FHO, and to provide data on the frequency of physical therapy modalities, the protocol duration and time interval from the commencement of physiotherapy and surgery and the patient’s functional recovery. All the protocols included the modalities of thermotherapy (heat), massage, passive stretching and passive joint movement. In the initial phase, electrotherapy and therapeutic ultrasound were most often used, while the water treadmill was continued until the treatment was completed. Physiotherapy sessions varied from 3 to 50 in number, and physiotherapy was commenced from day 5 until day 214 post the surgical procedure. The functional recovery of the limb was in the following range: 65% (13/20) satisfactory, 25% (5/20) partially satisfactory and 10% (2/20) unsatisfactory. Physical therapy treatment was thus concluded to be most influential in the functional recovery of the limb, even if was started late.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305216.v1
title: Contractual arrangements in the cattle beef chain: an analysis of trust

description: ABSTRACT: In Brazil, the conflict between cattlemen and the slaughterhouse industry is evident and historic in the beef cattle Agribusiness System, in which opportunistic behavior is commonplace. Accordingly, the role of trust is significant in trade decisions, which makes the analysis of trust in the construction process of governance structure an important factor. The present article aimed to identify the influence of trust in selecting the contractual arrangement in transactions between cattle ranchers and abattoirs. This qualitative and descriptive study used semi-structured interviews, done in loco, along with 30 beef cattle ranchers and five abattoirs in the west of São Paulo State. It was observed that transactions involve opportunistic behavior, and that trust is critical in selecting the contractual arrangement.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305214.v1
title: Effects of encapsulated sodium butyrate and phytogenic on growth performance, carcass traits and health of growing-finishing pigs

description: ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate two feed additives, one based on encapsulated sodium butyrate (Adimix® Precision) (AD) and the other, a phytogenic (Apex® 5) (AX), associated or not with an antimicrobial growth promoter (tylosin) during the growth and finishing phases on performance, carcass characteristics and health conditions. A total of 300 barrows and females were distributed in six treatments in a randomized block design with ten replicates. The treatments consisted of a negative control (NC), positive control (PC) (tylosin), AD (encapsulated sodium butyrate), AX (phytogenic), PC+AD (tylosin+encapsulated sodium butyrate), and PC+AX (tylosin+phytogenic). The performance (live weight, daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed conversion) and carcass data (carcass weight, backfat thickness, loin depth, lean meat on the carcass) were submitted to ANOVA plus Tukey’s test, and the health conditions (occurrence of diseases, culling, and spontaneous deaths) were analyzed by χ2. Animals of the AD group had the highest average daily gain (ADG) over the evaluation period and the highest live weight at 120, 140, and 164 days of age, in addition to the highest carcass weight compared to NC and PC groups. The AX treatment increased the ADG in growth phase II and the live weight at 120 and 140 days of age in relation to the NC. The PC+AX group had a higher final live weight compared to the NC and PC groups and higher carcass weight in relation to the NC group. There was no difference among treatments for backfat thickness, percentage of lean meat in the carcass, or occurrence of diseases and deaths. The inclusion of encapsulated sodium butyrate (AD treatment) was effective in increasing ADG, final live weight, and carcass weight compared to supplementation with tylosin (PC treatment), as was the inclusion of a phytogenic (AX treatment) on FC compared to the PC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305211.v1
title: Meta-analysis of recommended digestible lysine levels for primiparous lactating sows

description: ABSTRACT: A meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the recommended levels of digestible lysine and its influence on the productive performance of primiparous lactating sows. The database consisted of 26 publications, 138 diets and 3,820 sows was developed from articles on the association between, lysine, crude protein and lactating primiparous sows. The digestible lysine levels of the studies ranged from 0.22 to 1.43% with average values of 0.85% digestible lysine in the diet, with consumption of 41.25 g day-1. The digestible lysine intake of sows was positively correlated (P&lt;0.05) with feed intake, essential amino acids, crude protein, metabolizable energy, body weight loss sows, milk production, number and weight of piglets at weaning. Digestible lysine intake showed negative correlation (P&lt;0.05) with backfat thickness at weaning and weaning to oestrus interval. It was observed a quadratic effect (P&lt;0.01) of body weight loss sow and daily weight gain of piglets and a quadratic effect (P&lt;0.01) in the weight of piglets at weaning due to increased dietary lysine level. The level of 1.04% of digestible lysine indicates less weight loss sows. The greater weight of piglets at weaning and increased daily weight gain of piglets was verified with the addition of 1.30 and 1.07% digestible lysine in the diet, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305209.v1
title: Do alterations in gene expressions influence tumorigenesis in the transmissible venereal tumor in dogs?

description: ABSTRACT: Canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a transmissible neoplasm, which spreads naturally between dogs through the halogenic transfer of tumor cells, mainly during coitus. It is the oldest known tumoral lineage in nature and reports on gene mutations have been extended. Also, this tumor shares several genetic mutations with some cancers in humans, among them lung carcinomas, melanoma, prostate, breast, among other cancers. Thus, expression of tumor suppressor genes such as TP53, P21, and apoptosis-related genes such as BAX, BCL-2, and BCL-xL, both in vivo and in vitro (primary cell culture) were quantified. In the present study, the comparison of gene expression, the TP53 gene, in most cases, was shown to be high in the majority of tissues (65%) and primary cell culture (100%), while BCL-2, BCL-xL, and BAX presented variation among the animals analyzed. Moreover, in these situations, the results suggested that the apoptotic regulation of these genes did not occur for TP53. The P21 gene was shown to be mostly normal (70%); although, absence (6%) and underexpressions (24%) were also observed. Statistical analysis of the BCL-xL gene demonstrated significant differences between the tissues of the animals when compared to the cell cultures; however, to the other genes, no statistical difference was observed between the groups. Preliminarily, the results suggested the presence of alterations in the gene expressions of the TP53, P21, BAX, BCL-2 and BCL-xL leading to loss of function in these genes, which affect the tumorigenesis of CTVT.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305207.v1
title: Alternative light colors in suckling piglet creep area: preference and validation tests in swine maternity

description: ABSTRACT: We performed a two-stage experiment: a preference and a validation test in swine litters, to determine whether suckling piglets preferred alternative light colors in their creep area over white light; we also determined whether the preferred color affected piglet behavior. In the first stage, five trials of two consecutive days were performed, each at 21-day intervals. In each trial, 40 piglets, from three to five days old, from four F1 sows (Large White x Landrace), were distributed in four treatments, in a paired scheme, receiving the following treatments: Treatment GR: white light vs. green light ; Treatment BL: white light vs. blue light; Treatment YE: yellow light vs. white light; Treatment RD: white light vs. red light. For the validation test, three consecutive lots of eight F1 sows (Large White x Landrace) and their corresponding maternity were used, remaining from birth under the influence of treatments T_Gr and T_Wh, totaling three replicates. T_Gr corresponded to four creep areaswith green LED light and T_Wh to four nurseries with white LED light. The piglets showed a significant preference only for white over blue. Among the alternative colors, piglets significantly preferred green. In the validation stage, there was no significant effect of colors on the mean percentage of permanence of the piglets inside the creep areas over all evaluated periods. Piglets between two and five days of age prefer green lighting;however,in the creep area, the light color used did not influence piglet behavior.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305205.v1
title: Intra-articular concentration of gentamicin administered by intravenous regional limb perfusion in healthy horses

description: ABSTRACT: Intravenous regional limb perfusion (IRLP) is an efficient method to treat horses with synovial infections. However, information on the dose, volume, and intervals of administration is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intra-articular concentration of gentamicin administered by IRLP in horses over 24 h post-administration and evaluate the influence of the total perfused volume. Twenty horses were assigned to two treatment groups. Gentamicin 60 group (G60, n=10) and Gentamicin 250 group (G250, n=10) received IRLP of 6.6 mg/kg of gentamicin diluted in Ringer’s lactate for a total volume of 60 ml (G60) and 250 ml (G250), respectively. Synovial fluid harvests were performed in the metacarpophalangeal joint before (0) and 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 hours after IRLP. Agar diffusion was the assay for measuring gentamicin concentrations. Four hours after IRLP, the intra-articular concentration of gentamicin was 47.58±49.21 μg/ml in G60 and 10.92±6.11 μg/ml in G250. During the 24 h of harvest, the intra-articular concentration of gentamicin remained above the minimum inhibitory concentration for horses (MIC; 2 μg/ml) in both experimental groups. In G60, the concentration of gentamicin in synovial fluid reached the maximal concentration and remained 8 to 10-fold higher than the MIC (Cmax: 16 to 20 μg/ml) during 12 h after IRLP. These findings support that IRLP with 6.6 mg/kg of gentamicin diluted to a volume of 60 ml promotes intra-articular concentrations higher than 250 ml, remaining above the MIC for 24 h and at the maximum concentration for 12 h.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305204.v1
title: Type III atresia coli with underdeveloped colon and hydroperitoneum in a newborn foal

description: ABSTRACT: A 48-hour-old mixed breed pony colt was referred to the hospital because of abdominal discomfort, weak suckling reflex and prostration. During clinical investigation, supportive and symptomatic treatments were necessary, and an abdominal radiography was performed revealing a large intestine filled with feces and large amounts of gas, in addition to free fluid in the cavity. After 3 days of treatment, the foal had not yet defecated, thus exploratory abdominal surgery was indicated, but the owners declined. Therefore, the foal was humanly euthanized. Post-mortem examination revealed complete absence of the pelvic flexure. Subsequent portions of the dorsal, transverse and small colons were intensely reduced. In addition, at the abdominal cavity there was 850 ml of yellowish translucent liquid. These findings are compatible with hydroperitoneum and type III atresia coli at the pelvic flexure, associated with underdevelopment of the dorsal, transverse and small colons.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305202.v1
title: Control measures recommended for goat gastrointestinal nematode infections after analysis of infection dynamics in the semiarid region of Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine control measures for gastrointestinal nematodes in goats in the northeastern semiarid after analyzing the dynamics of gastrointestinal helminths during the drought, the evolution of the parasitic load after the first rains and the differences in susceptibility between goats of different categories and ages. Five farms were studied from March 2013 to January 2015. Feces were collected from all goats every month, for fecal egg counts (FECs). No treatment was required on any farm during the dry period. In 2013, with annual rainfall of 265-533 mm, treatments were not necessary during the rainy season. However, in 2014, with rainfall of 604-778 mm, treatments were necessary 60-90 days, after the first rains. On three farms, gastrointestinal nematodes showed multiple anthelmintic resistance. The FECs from lactating goats were significantly higher than from dry and young goats. In conclusion, in the Brazilian semi-arid region (Caatinga biome), it is generally unnecessary to treat grazing goats during the dry season. In the rainy season, the parasite load increases 2-3 months after the first rains. In both, the dry and the rainy season, farmers should monitor their herds by means of FEC or another criterion (anemia or submandibular edema), to determine the need to treat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305199.v1
title: Characteristics and attitudes of small-scale vegetable farmers in Chile

description: ABSTRACT: An adequate supply of fresh, high quality and accessible vegetables is essential for a healthy food system. In Latin America, these are mostly produced by smallholder farmers. The objective of this research was to characterize the productive and commercial development of small-scale vegetable growers and to further understand and explain their attitudes on their business. A total of 335 farmers in Central Chile area were surveyed. The data was processed using descriptive and multivariate techniques. Results showed that farmers have a positive self-assessment of their technical performance, production quality and the contribution of farming to their household income. They express uncertainty about the future, as well as some disappointment with the prices they receive for their produce and their access to public support programs. There are significant differences between farmers within the sample; however, which allow two distinct clusters to be identified: “conformist” (69.05%) and “critical” (30.95%). These results suggested that these small-scale vegetable growers have certain generalizable attitudes and other divergent. The differences in attitudes coincide with differences in objective characteristics, including age, education, farm size and technology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305197.v1
title: Plot size and replications number for triticale experiments

description: ABSTRACT: The hybridization between wheat and rye crops resulted in the triticale crop, which presents rusticity, versatility in animal and human food and possibility of use as a cover plant. The objective of this research was to determine the optimal plot size and the replications number to evaluate the fresh weight of triticale in two evaluation moments. An experiment was carried out with the triticale cultivar IPR111. The experimental area was divided into 48 uniformity trials, each containing 36 basic experimental units of 0.51 m2. The fresh weight was evaluated in 24 uniformity trials at 99 days after sowing (DAS) and in 24 uniformity trials at 127 DAS. The optimal plot size was determined by the method of the maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation and the replications number was determined in scenarios of treatments number and differences between means to be detected as significant by Tukey test. To determine the fresh weight of triticale, the optimal plot size is 3.12 m2, with coefficient of variation of 13.69%. Six replications are sufficient to identify as significant, differences between treatment means of 25% for experiments with up to seven treatments and of 30% for experiments with up to 28 treatments, regardless of the experimental design.