cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4h92834
title: Data from: Re-assessing causality between energy consumption and economic growth

description: The energy consumption-growth nexus has been widely studied in the
 empirical literature, though results have been inconclusive regarding the
 direction, or even the existence, of causality. These inconsistent results
 can be explained by two important limitations of the literature. First,
 the use of bivariate models, which fail to detect more complex causal
 relations, or the ad hoc approach to selecting variables in a multivariate
 framework; and, second, the use of linear causal models, which are unable
 to capture more complex nonlinear causal relationships. In this paper, we
 aim to overcome both limitations by analysing the energy
 consumption-growth nexus using a Flexible Fourier form due to [1] The
 analysis focuses on the US over the period 1949 to 2014. From our results
 we can conclude that, where the linear methodology supports the neutrality
 hypothesis (no causality between energy consumption and growth), the
 Flexible Fourier form points to the existence of causality from energy
 consumption to growth. This is contrary to the linear analysis, suggesting
 that lowering energy consumption would adversely affect US economic
 growth. Thus, by employing the Flexible Fourier form we find the
 conclusions can be quite different.
description: GDP, Spending, Oil Price
 and Energy Consumption DataData_Reassesing.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.873b2j2
title: Data from: Analysis of microsatellite loci in tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle) using SSR-GBS

description: Microsatellite markers are still the marker of choice for many research
 questions in the field of forest genetics. However, the number of
 available markers is often low for species that have not been studied
 intensively like the tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima). During the last
 decade, next generation sequencing (NGS) has offered advanced techniques
 for efficiently identifying microsatellite markers and accurately
 genotyping samples. Here, we identify new microsatellite markers for the
 tree of heaven by applying an NGS-based method using the Illumina MiSeq
 platform. NGS technology was proved to be an effective method for fast and
 cost-efficient identification of microsatellite markers by implementing a
 genotyping-by-sequencing approach based on Illumina amplicon sequencing
 (SSR-GBS). We screened three populations from Eastern Austria for genetic
 variation at 19 newly identified microsatellite loci. We tested two
 different genotyping approaches: (1) considering only allele lengths
 (forming a so-called ‘allele length dataset’), (2) taking also single
 nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the amplified fragments into
 account (forming a so-called ‘SNP dataset’). The results revealed higher
 values for all genetic diversity parameters, as well as a better
 resolution of genetic assignment, when the latter approach was followed.
 Thus, by taking advantage of sequence information which is provided by
 SSR-GBS, one may achieve considerable gains in performance using the same
 marker set. The developed markers provide a cost-efficient tool for
 genotyping populations of tree of heaven and the approach presented here
 promises to be of high value for medium throughput genotyping applications
 in non-model forest tree species. We will use this method to widen the
 perspectives for further population genetic investigations of the tree of
 heaven.
description: Genotype tables for the
 "Analysis of microsatellite loci in tree of heaven (Ailanthus
 altissima (Mill.) Swingle) using SSR-GBS"Genotypes of 90
 individuals of tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) at 19 microsatellite
 loci described in the cited study. Tissue was collected from three forest
 stands in Eastern Austria.Neophytou_et_al_Ailanthus_altissima_GBS-SSRs_GENOTYPE_TABLES_Tree_Genet_Genomes.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.km10jq1
title: Data from: Metaecosystem dynamics of marine phytoplankton alters resource use efficiency along stoichiometric gradients

description: Metaecosystem theory addresses the link between local (within habitats)
 and regional (between habitats) dynamics by simultaneously analyzing
 spatial community ecology and abiotic matter flow. Here, we experimentally
 address how spatial resource gradients and connectivity affect resource
 use efficiency (RUE) and stoichiometry in marine phytoplankton at local
 and regional scales. We created gradostat metaecosystems consisting of
 five linearly interconnected patches, which either were arranged in
 countercurrent gradients of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply or with
 a uniform spatial distribution of nutrients, and which had either low or
 high connectivity. Gradient metaecosystems were characterized by higher
 remaining N and P concentrations (and N:P ratios) than uniform ones, a
 difference reduced by higher connectivity. The position of the patch in
 the gradient strongly constrained elemental stoichiometry, local biovolume
 production and RUE. Expectedly, algal C:N, biovolume and N-specific RUE
 decreased towards the N-rich end of gradient metaecosystem, whereas the
 opposite was observed for most of the gradient for C:P, N:P and P-specific
 RUE. However, at highest N:P supply, unexpectedly low C:P, N:P, and
 P-specific RUE values were found, indicating that the low availability of
 P inhibited efficient use of N and biovolume production. Consequently,
 gradient metaecosystems had lower overall biovolume at the regional scale,
 but higher dissimilarity in species composition. Thus, the performance of
 phytoplankton in metaecosystems strongly depended on the stoichiometry of
 resource supply and spatial connectivity between patches.
description: Data at patch
 scaleANlocaldata.csvData at metacommunity scaleANregionaldata.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m5694
title: Data from: Divergence in brain composition during the early stages of ecological specialization in Heliconius butterflies

description: During speciation across ecological gradients diverging populations are
 exposed to contrasting sensory and spatial information that present new
 behavioural and perceptive challenges. These challenges may be met by
 heritable or environmentally-induced changes in brain function which
 mediate behaviour. However, few studies have investigated patterns of
 neural divergence at the early stages of speciation, inhibiting our
 understanding of the relative importance of these processes. Here, we
 provide a novel case study. The incipient species pair, Heliconius erato
 and H. himera are parapatric across an environmental and altitudinal
 gradient. Despite ongoing gene flow, these species have divergent
 ecological, behavioural and physiological traits. We demonstrate that
 these taxa also differ significantly in brain composition, in particular
 in the relative levels of investment in structures that process sensory
 information. These differences are not explained solely by
 environmentally-induced plasticity, but reflect heritable, non-allometric
 shifts in brain structure. We suggest these differences reflect divergence
 to meet the demands of contrasting sensory ecologies. This conclusion
 would support the hypothesis that the evolution of brain structure and
 function play an important role in facilitating the emergence of
 ecologically distinct species.
description: DRYADVolumetric data for all
 measured neuropils and total brain.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7hy5mf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 52 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Vestia foetida",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 52 records from 18 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001022-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9rt57
title: Data from: Inferring the effects of potential dispersal routes on the metacommunity structure of stream insects: as the crow flies, as the fish swims or as the fox runs?

description: 1. Metacommunity research relies largely on proxies for inferring the
 effect of dispersal on local community structure. Overland and watercourse
 distances have been typically used as such proxies. A good proxy for
 dispersal should, however, take into account more complex landscape
 features that can affect an organism's movement and dispersal. The
 cost distance approach does just that, allowing determining the path of
 least resistance across a landscape. 2. Here, we examined the distance
 decay of assemblage similarity within a subarctic stream insect
 metacommunity. We tested whether overland, watercourse and cumulative cost
 distances performed differently as correlates of dissimilarity in
 assemblage composition between sites. We also investigated the effect of
 body size and dispersal mode on metacommunity organization. 3. We found
 that dissimilarities in assemblage composition correlated more strongly
 with environmental than physical distances between sites. Overland and
 watercourse distances showed similar correlations to assemblage
 dissimilarity between sites, being sometimes significantly correlated with
 biological variation of entire insect communities. In metacommunities
 deconstructed by body size or dispersal mode, contrary to our expectation,
 passive dispersers showed a slightly stronger correlation than active
 dispersers to environmental differences between sites, although passive
 dispersers also showed a stronger correlation than active dispersers to
 physical distances between sites. The strength of correlation between
 environmental distance and biological dissimilarity also varied slightly
 among the body size classes. 4. After controlling for environmental
 differences between sites, cumulative cost distances were slightly better
 correlates of biological dissimilarities than overland or watercourse
 distances between sites. However, quantitative differences in correlation
 coefficients were small between different physical distances. 5. Although
 environmental differences typically override physical distances as
 determinants of the composition of stream insect assemblages, correlations
 between environmental distances and biological dissimilarities are
 typically rather weak. This undetermined variation may be attributable to
 dispersal processes, which may be captured using better proxies for the
 process. We suggest that further modifying the measurement of cost
 distances may be a fruitful avenue, especially if complemented by more
 direct natural history information on insect dispersal behaviour and
 distances travelled by them.
description: Appendix_Teno_2012_env&coordEnvironmental and spatial coordinate data for 55 stream sites in the River Tenojoki basin.Appendix_Teno_2012_speSite-by-species dataset for the insects found in the 55 stream sites in the River Tenojoki Basin.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tj1k5
title: Data from: Landscape genetics of leaf-toed geckos in the tropical dry forest of northern Mexico

description: Habitat fragmentation due to both natural and anthropogenic forces
 continues to threaten the evolution and maintenance of biological
 diversity. This is of particular concern in tropical regions that are
 experiencing elevated rates of habitat loss. Although less well-studied
 than tropical rain forests, tropical dry forests (TDF) contain an enormous
 diversity of species and continue to be threatened by anthropogenic
 activities including grazing and agriculture. However, little is known
 about the processes that shape genetic connectivity in species inhabiting
 TDF ecosystems. We adopt a landscape genetic approach to understanding
 functional connectivity for leaf-toed geckos (Phyllodactylus tuberculosus)
 at multiple sites near the northernmost limit of this ecosystem at Alamos,
 Sonora, Mexico. Traditional analyses of population genetics are combined
 with multivariate GIS-based landscape analyses to test hypotheses on the
 potential drivers of spatial genetic variation. Moderate levels of
 within-population diversity and substantial levels of population
 differentiation are revealed by FST and Dest. Analyses using STRUCTURE
 suggest the occurrence of from 2 to 9 genetic clusters depending on the
 model used. Landscape genetic analysis suggests that forest cover, stream
 connectivity, undisturbed habitat, slope, and minimum temperature of the
 coldest period explain more genetic variation than do simple Euclidean
 distances. Additional landscape genetic studies throughout TDF habitat are
 required to understand species-specific responses to landscape and climate
 change and to identify common drivers. We urge researchers interested in
 using multivariate distance methods to test for, and report, significant
 correlations among predictor matrices that can impact results,
 particularly when adopting least-cost path approaches. Further
 investigation into the use of information theoretic approaches for model
 selection is also warranted.
description: Data for
 DryadExcel spreadsheet of all
 genotypes for 12 microsatellite loci (in fragment sizes)for Phyllodactylus
 tuberculosus. Loci were obtained both by molecular cloning and by 454
 sequencing.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8vb83
title: Data from: Trait-demography relationships underlying small mammal population fluctuations

description: Large-scale fluctuations in abundance are a common feature of small mammal
 populations and have been the subject of extensive research. These
 demographic fluctuations are often associated with concurrent changes in
 the average body mass of individuals, sometimes referred to as the ‘Chitty
 effect’. Despite the long-standing recognition of this phenomenon, an
 empirical investigation of the underlying coupled dynamics of body mass
 and population growth has been lacking. Using long-term life-history data
 combined with a trait-based demographic approach, we examined the
 relationship between body mass and demography in a small mammal population
 that exhibits non-cyclic, large-scale fluctuations in abundance. We used
 data from the male segment of a 25-year study of the monogamous prairie
 vole, Microtus ochrogaster, in Illinois, USA. Specifically, we
 investigated how trait–demography relationships and trait distributions
 changed between different phases of population fluctuations, and the
 consequences of these changes for both trait and population dynamics. We
 observed phase-specific changes in male adult body mass distribution in
 this population of prairie voles. Our analyses revealed that these changes
 were driven by variation in ontogenetic growth, rather than selection
 acting on the trait. The resulting changes in body mass influenced most
 life-history processes, and these effects varied among phases of
 population fluctuation. However, these changes did not propagate to affect
 the population growth rate due to the small effect of body mass on vital
 rates, compared to the overall differences in vital rates between phases.
 The increase phase of the fluctuations was initiated by enhanced survival,
 particularly of juveniles and fecundity, whereas the decline phase was
 driven by an overall reduction in fecundity, survival and maturation
 rates. Our study provides empirical support, as well as a potential
 mechanism, underlying the observed trait changes accompanying population
 fluctuations. Body size dynamics and population fluctuations resulted from
 different life-history processes. Therefore, we conclude that body size
 dynamics in our population do not drive the observed population dynamics.
 This more in-depth understanding of different components of small mammal
 population fluctuations will help us to better identify the mechanistic
 drivers of this interesting phenomenon.
description: Males segment of a
 prairie vole population in IllinoisThe data collection was
 led by Lowell L. Getz and consisted of monthly captures of prairie voles
 over the period 1972 - 1997. For more details please refer to
 http://www.life.illinois.edu/getz/index.html . The data contained in
 data.zip is the part of the data from the overall dataset that was used in
 the associated paper. Please refer to the ReadMe for an explanation of all
 columns and files.Data.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.49k4d
title: Data from: Searching for the bull's-eye: agents and targets of selection vary among geographically disparate cyanogenesis clines in white clover (Trifolium repens L.)

description: The recurrent evolution of adaptive clines within a species can be used to
 elucidate the selective factors and genetic responses that underlie
 adaptation. White clover is polymorphic for cyanogenesis (HCN release with
 tissue damage), and climate-associated cyanogenesis clines have evolved
 throughout the native and introduced species range. This polymorphism
 arises through two independently segregating Mendelian polymorphisms for
 the presence/absence of two required components: cyanogenic glucosides and
 their hydrolyzing enzyme linamarase. Cyanogenesis is commonly thought to
 function in herbivore defense; however, the individual cyanogenic
 components may also serve other physiological functions. To test whether
 cyanogenesis clines have evolved in response to the same selective
 pressures acting on the same genetic targets, we examined cyanogenesis
 cline shape and its environmental correlates in three world regions:
 southern New Zealand, the central U.S., and the U.S. Pacific Northwest.
 For some regional comparisons, cline shapes are remarkably similar despite
 large differences in the spatial scales over which clines occur (40- 1,600
 km). However, we also find evidence for major differences in both the
 agents and targets of selection among the sampled clines. Variation in
 cyanogenesis frequency is best predicted using a combination of minimum
 winter temperature and aridity variables. Together our results provide
 evidence that recurrent adaptive clines do not necessarily reflect shared
 adaptive processes.
description: Microsatellite data for
 Kooyers & Olsen 2013Dryad
 entry.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q7p5j
title: Data from: Looks matter: changes in flower form affect pollination effectiveness in a sexually-deceptive orchid

description: Many species of the sexually-deceptive genus Ophrys are characterized by
 insect-like flowers. Their form has been traditionally considered to play
 an important role in pollinator attraction and manipulation. Yet the
 evolution of the floral form remains insufficiently understood. We
 hypothesize that pollinator-mediated selection is essential for driving
 floral form evolution in Ophrys, but that form components are being
 subjected to varying selection pressures depending on their role in
 mediating interactions with pollinators. By using the Eucera pollinated
 Ophrys leochroma as a model, our aim has been to assess whether and in
 what manner pollination effectiveness is altered by experimental
 manipulation of the flower form. Our results show that the floral form
 plays an essential and, so far, underestimated role in ensuring effective
 pollination by mechanically guiding pollinators towards the reproductive
 structures of the flower. Pollinators are significantly less effective in
 interacting with flowers having forms altered to resemble those of species
 pollinated by different hymenopteran genera. Further, those components
 used by pollinators as gripping points were found to be more effective in
 ensuring pollinia transfer than those with which pollinators do not
 directly interact. Thus, mechanically-active and –inactive components
 appear to be under different selection pressures. As a consequence,
 mechanically-active components of the flower form could reflect
 adaptations to the interaction with particular pollinator groups, while
 inactive components can vary more freely. Disentangling selection patterns
 between the functionally different components of flower form may provide
 valuable insights into the mechanisms driving the morphological
 diversification of sexually-deceptive pollination-systems.
description: Data
 tablesThe excel file includes
 the data underlying the analysis of the importance of the flower form in
 mediating pollination effectiveness in a sexually deceptive orchid. All
 data is based on manipulation experiments performed in the field on Ophrys
 leochroma and its pollinator Eucera kullenbergi. Each sheet contains a
 separate dataset, abbreviations for the manipulations and the behavioral
 response of males are listed within each sheet. Other abbreviations:
 "Approach freq", refers to data regarding the frequency with
 which males approached flowers; "without", refers to the fact
 that experiments were conducted with flowers where the removed flower
 tissue was discarded; "with", refers to the fact that
 experiments were conducted with flowers where the removed flower tissue
 was re-attached;"Length_PS_", refers to data regarding the
 length of each pseudocopulation.DATA_DRYAD_JEB2017.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mr861
title: Data from: Species turnover (β diversity) in ectomycorrhizal fungi linked to NH4+ uptake capacity

description: Ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungal communities may be shaped by both
 deterministic and stochastic processes, potentially influencing ecosystem
 development and function. We evaluated community assembly processes for
 EcM fungi of Pseudotsuga menziesii among 12 sites up to 400 km apart in
 southwest British Columbia (Canada) by investigating species turnover (β
 diversity) in relation to soil nitrogen (N) availability and physical
 distance. We then examined functional traits for an N-related niche by
 quantifying net fluxes of NH4+, NO3- and protons on excised root tips from
 three contrasting sites using a microelectrode ion flux measurement
 system. EcM fungal communities were well aligned with soil N availability
 and pH, with no effect of site proximity (distance-decay curve) on species
 assemblages. Species turnover was significant (β1/2 = 1.48) along soil N
 gradients, with many more Tomentella species on high-N than low-N soils,
 in contrast to Cortinarius species. Ammonium uptake was greatest in the
 spring on the medium and rich sites, and averaged over 190 nmol m−2 s−1
 for Tomentella species. The lowest uptake rates of NH4+ were by
 non-mycorrhizal roots of axenically grown seedlings (10 nmol m−2 s−1),
 followed by Cortinarius species (60 nmol m−2 s−1). EcM roots from all
 sites displayed only marginal uptake of nitrate (8.3 nmol m−2 s−1). These
 results suggest NH4+ uptake capacity is an important functional trait
 influencing the assembly of EcM fungal communities. The diversity of EcM
 fungal species across the region arguably provides critical belowground
 adaptations to organic and inorganic N supply that are integral to
 temperate rainforest ecology.
description: Ion flux
 resultsNet fluxes of H+, NH4+
 and NO3- measured on ectomycorrhizal root tips using a microelectrode ion
 flux measurement system (MIFE). Roots were retrieved from three sites of
 contrasting soil fertility, both in the spring and fall of 2014.
 Non-mycorrhizal roots taken from axenically raised
 seedlings.Dryad
 file.xlsxcommunity similarity and
 distance measuresPair-wise comparisons of
 test sites for community similarity (Sorensen Bray-Curtis) with distance
 measures of mineralizable nitrogen and physical distance
 (km)
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18383468
title: USING EDUCATIONAL PLATFORMS IN THE PRIMARY EDUCATION PROCESS.

description: This article examines the pedagogical significance of using educational platforms in the process of primary education and their role in developing students’ knowledge, skills, and competencies. In addition, the advantages of digital platforms, the challenges encountered in their implementation, and recommendations for effective use are discussed.