DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ngf1vhj52
title: Data from: Effects of straw return on soil carbon and nitrogen pools and on the diversity of microbial structures and functions

description: Scientific and rational straw return can release certain nutrient
 resources and improve soil structure, thus affecting soil microbiological
 environments. Here, the effects of replacing some fertilizers with
 different amounts of straw return on soil carbon and nitrogen changes and
 microbial metabolism were conducted from 2018 to 2023 in the winter wheat
 (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation area of the Loess Plateau drylands in
 Jinnan. Four treatments were used: S0 (0 % returned), S1/2 (50 %
 returned), S1 (100 % returned), and S2 (200 % returned), based on the
 range of straw yields for winter wheat production in the region (Straw was
 returned to the soil at a depth of 0–20 cm in all treatments). The results
 showed that the straw return increased the total organic carbon and
 nitrogen content and their fractions in the tillage soil of wheat fields,
 and the enhancement increased with the straw return increase. The soil
 total organic carbon/nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon/nitrogen,
 microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen and light fraction organic
 carbon/nitrogen of S2 for five consecutive years were elevated by
 39.82/15.14 %, 37.93/33.08 %, 129.30/62.59 %, and 155.86/166.69 %,
 respectively, compared with S0. The straw returned to the field greatly
 increased the content of active carbon and nitrogen fractions.
 Additionally, straw return elevated microbial community abundance and
 significantly increased soil carbon metabolism. Based on the results of
 redundancy and correlation analyses, Proteobacteria (P = 0.002),
 Acidobacteriota (P = 0.004), Mortierellomycota (P &lt; 0.05), and
 amino acid-based carbon sources (P &lt; 0.01) were closely associated
 with changes in soil carbon and nitrogen fractions. Under the conditions
 of this experiment, S2 (10682.4 kg·hm-2) significantly enhanced the soil
 nutrient supply capacity and microbial metabolism of dryland wheat fields.
 Hence, scientific straw return is an effective way of comprehensively
 solving the problem of dryland soil fertility enhancement and utilizing
 agricultural by-products.
description: # Effects of straw return on soil carbon and nitrogen pools and on the
 diversity of microbial structures and functions.
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ngf1vhj52](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.ngf1vhj52) ## Description of the data and file structure The data consisted mainly of soil carbon pools, nitrogen pools- Microbial functional diversity data, and microbial community structure data. ### Files and variables #### File: data.zip **Description:**  C: SOC (Soil Organic Carbon);   DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon); MBC (Microbial Biomass Carbon); LFOC(Labile Fraction of Organic Carbon);  HFOC (Humin Fraction of Organic Carbon) N: TN(Total Nitrogen); DON (Dissolved Organic Nitrogen); MBN (Microbial Biomass Nitrogen); LFON (Labile Fraction of Organic Nitrogen); HFON(Humin Fraction of Organic Nitrogen) The data given for fungal genera and bacterium phyla. The microbes in these phyla and genera break down organic matter, cycling carbon and nitrogen. The microbial biomass is a key part of soil carbon, and their activity plays a crucial role in determining soil health, fertility, and the soil's carbon storage capacity. S0 (0 % returned), S1/2 (50 % returned), S1 (100 % returned), and S2 (200 % returned), based on the range of straw yields for winter wheat production in the region (Straw was returned to the soil at a depth of 0–20 cm in all treatments) Microbial functional diversity data Microbial community structure data ## Code/software The software used was Microsoft Excel 2023 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA), SPSS 27.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY, USA) and Origin 2022 (OriginLab Corporation, Northampton, MA, USA). ## Access information Other publicly accessible locations of the data: * NA Data was derived from the following sources: * NA