cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-51284
title: Palisades landslide, 1958

description: 8 images. Palisades landslide, 27 March 1958. Tiny auto pushed from hiway over bluff and onto beach by landslide; landslide from north, looking toward Santa Monica; William Hill Martin -- 17 years (driver of auto); Maurice Brower (hospital orderly); Forrest P. Boniface -- 42 years (injured); Doctor Harold Melshiemer; Barbara Lakie (nurse).; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Wesselmann. Date: 1958-03-27. Reporter: Decker. Assignment: Landslide on Highway #101 near Santa Monica. 2-3-4-11-14-53-54: Various scenes in early a.m., pouring rain at South end of landslide on Roosevelt Highway showing extent of dirt fallen on roadway... long shots and closer views... double white line ends under muddy slide... another shot shows small sports car that rolled down cliff to ocean edge -- man walking along beach shows comparative size -- mud slide over highway down to beach.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Gaze. Date: 1958-03-27. Assignment: Palisades landslide. #61: Forrest P. Boniface, 42, one time B-29 pilot, of Topanga, Canyon, injured when car driven by his (step) son was pushed from highway to surf by slide, surrounded by doctors and nurses at Santa Monica Emergency Hospital. #62: Boniface with Doctor Harold Melsheimer. #52-53: Boniface with Nurse Barbara Lakie. #9-10: West Los Angeles Officer Lee Kirkwood examines tiny automobile pushed from highway over bluff and onto beach by slide. Topanga man and his (step) son escaped with minor injuries. #55: Lamp post in foreground, car in background at water's edge. #56: Landslide from north looking toward Santa Monica. #59-60: William Hill Martin, 17-year-old University High School student, of Topanga Canyon, driver of tiny auto which was swept from Pacific Coast Highway to edge of surf by landslide, in Santa Monica Emergency hospital. He sustained only minor cuts and bruises. In one shot he is talking to Maurice Brower, hospital orderly".; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Wyman. Date: 1958-03-27. Assignment: Coast slide. Doctor S. W. Sensiba, who saw two vehicles escape the slide talks to reporter Ted Thackrey. In background road crews work at cleaning slide across highway. View from Pacific Palisades cliff, onlooking slide; car hit & pushed to surf is in exact center of negative".
DOI: 10.15468/dl.q9ubua
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 155406 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-32.91263 22.78152,71.99998 22.78152,71.99998 64.77036,-32.91263 64.77036,-32.91263 22.78152))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Ichthyosaura alpestris (Laurenti, 1768)",
 "Year 1829-2024"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 155406 records from 808 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017200-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-59272
title: Woman rescued from ocean (unidentified), 1955

description: 4 images. Woman rescued from ocean (unidentified), 25 April 1955. Bob Burnside (life guard); Monte Horstman (lifeguard); Deputy Sheriff Fred Fox; Deputy Marshall Leroy Stieber.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Gaze. Date: 1955-04-25. Reporter: Gaze. Assignment: woman rescued from ocean. #17/18/79/80: County lifeguards give resuscitation to unidentified woman who was rescued from ocean at Big Rock Beach when she attempted suicide. Life-guards in pictures are Bob Burnside Horstman (uniform jacket); Monte Horstman (in white 'T' shirt; officers are Deputy Sheriff Fred Fox and passerby Deputy Marshal LeRoy Stieber".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-59433
title: Alumni hostess, 1956

description: 4 images. Alumni hostess, 5 April 1956. Joan Sparling.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Lapp. Date: 1952-04-05. Assignment: Alumni Day hostess. 43-44-47-48: Joan Sparling".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-18769
title: Newport fishing, 1949

description: 11 images. Newport fishing, 28 June 1949. Russell Johnson; Pappy H.S. Graham; Teddy Jonan; J.J. O'Mara.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Paegel. Date: 06-27. Reporter: Sports. Assignment: Newport fishing, Port Orange. #35: Russell Johnson hauls in yellow tail caught off Dana Point. Skipper 'Pappy' H. S. Graham gaffs fish for her. 11, 12, 13: Teddy Jonan, 10, hauls in Barracuda. 15 & 14: 'Pappy' H. S. Graham gaffs 'Bonita' for Russell Johnson (girl). 17: J. J. O'Mara brings in yellow tail off Dana Point, Pappy Graham gaffs fish".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-17969
title: Society -- Bel-Air Beach Club, 1951

description: 11 images. Society -- Bel-Air Beach Club, 24 August 1951. Jane Anderson; Donna Moulton; Linda Bailey; Sue Bailey.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Jensen. Assignment: Bel Air Beach Club Paddle Tennis. Action shots: Jane Anderson; Donna Moulton (doubles partners). 72-73: Linda Bailey; Sue Bailey."
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-59151
title: Arrival of S.S. "Caronia", 1955

description: 12 images. Arrival of S.S. "Caronia", 25 April 1955. Mr. and Mrs. R.W. Caspers (Chairman, Mutual Savings and Loan of Pasadena); Hayne Ellis (Rear Admiral, Retired); S.S. "Caronia".; Supplementary material reads: "Gershon, City desk; Illus; Caronia arrival. 2 shots of couple are Mr. and Mrs. R.W. Caspers, he is chairman of the Mutual Savings and Loan, Pasadena, and socially prominent here. They are shown on board Cunard Liner around the world cruise ship Caronia which docked in Long Beach yesterday for overnight stay. Ship leaves for Acapulco and New York at 7 a.m. today (Tuesday). One shot of Rear Admiral Hayne Ellis, U.S.N.(ret) 45 year vet of U.S. Navy, onetime Commander in Chief, Atlantic Fleet. He took cruise to revisit ports he knew in naval cruises..."; Supplementary material continues: "He lives in San Marino, but continues with the Caronia to New York because he 'wants to see the Panama Canal once more'".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-9410
title: Alimony, 1951

description: 2 images. Alimony, May 10, 1951. Frances Charles.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-109452
title: Lawyers admitted to bar, 1954

description: 2 images. Lawyers admitted to bar, 27 July 1954. Mrs. Dolly Anderson; Mrs. Betty Jane Knisely; Phil S. Gibson (Chief Justice); Miss Alice B. Dodson. ; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Mitchell. Date: 1954-07-27. Reporter: Lewis. Assignment: Lawyers admitted to bar. 59-60, L to R: Mrs. Dolly Anderson; Mrs. Betty Jane Knisely; Chief Justice Phil S, Gibson; Miss Alice B. Dodson."
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-72870
title: Santa Fe train wreck, 1956

description: 21 images. Santa Fe train wreck, 22 January 1956. 1 prize out. (Sleeve reads: A-11701-022).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nqgagn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 9067 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is one of (Plantago virginica L.)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 9067 records from 268 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017207-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-72774
title: Santa Fe train wreck, 1956

description: 11 images. Santa Fe train wreck, 24 January 1956. Bob Slonager (District Attorney's Investigator); Sergeant Harry Hansen; George Wright (Los Angeles Police Department Photographer); Sergeant Jack McCreadie; Deputy District Attorney Adolph Alexander; S. Ernest Roll; D.Z. Gardner; Lee Jones; (investigating cause of wreck); Ray Pinker. (Sleeve reads: A-11701-020).; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Snow. Date: 1956-01-24. Reporter: T.T. Assignment: Train wreck. L to R - Sgt. Harry Hansen, Lt. Lee Jones, Ray Pinker, Police Chemist, (ball spot) & to his right is D.Z. Gardner, Santa Fe Division Engineer - they examine point on rail where 1st wheel lifted. Dep. D.A. Adolph Alexander is holding papers in hand. L to R (on switch engine) - rear - Bob Slonager, DA's investigator; Sgt. Harry Hansen, Geo. Wright, LAPD fotog; Det. Sgt. Jack McCreadie, Dep. DA Adolph Alexander, Ray Pinker, police chemist. In foreground is DA S. Ernest Roll. Scene is on Santa Fe railroad tracks near accident scene of Jan. 22-56".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-72941
title: Santa Fe train wreck (victims in hospital), 1956

description: 24 images. Santa Fe train wreck (victims in hospital), 22 January 1956. Pat Depew -- 12; Mrs. Mamie Depew; Mrs. Fred Bandel (Queen of Angels Hospital); Mrs. I.W. Riley; Esther Rodriguez (Georgia State Hospital); Barbara Rodriguez; Frederico Sepera; David R. Costello (General Hospital); Mrs. Agnes Stinnott (Good Samaritan Hospital); Mrs. Betty Sharp; Father Paul Stroup; Floyd C. Ballard; Henry Dahl; Sam Wareham; Father E.F. Briggs; Mrs. Marian Preciado; Kathy Buzzelle; Carlos Bustanen; Kathy Grove (parents killed in wreck); Mrs. Nora Grove (grandmother); Nils DuVall. (Sleeve reads: A-11701-024).; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Mack. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Sid Bernstein. Assignment: trainwreck Good Samaritan Hospital. 11-12: David R. Costello, 54, field office consultant for Prudential Life Insurance Co., for treatment of face abrasions and back injury. 19-20: Mrs. Agnes Sinnott, 72, of 2329 East Jewett St., San Diego, comforted by her daughter, Mrs. Betty Sharp, of Long Beach (Sharp rushed to hospital). 44-45: Father Paul Stroup comforts Floyd C. Ballard, 38, Sears sales manager, 3733 Curlew St. San Diego. He has back inj. 4-5: General view of emergency at Good Samaritan as doctors and nurses mobilize to help".; Additional caption slip reads: "Photographer: Sandusky. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Thackrey. Assignment: Art w/ injured child. D51/D52: Where's mama -- Kathy Grove of Del Mar was the youngest passenger on the wrecked train. She asks her grandmother, Mrs. Nora Grove, also of Del Mar, what happened to her mother who was on the train with them. The mother was killed. D29: Henry Dall, 33, of San Diego talks with S/N Sam Wareham, USN, a fellow survivor of the Sunday night train wreck. Listening to their conversation is Father E.F. Briggs of the Japanese Catholic Church, a chaplain at General Hospital. 2 negs: General view (natural light) of waiting line at General Hospital admitting rm".; Additional caption slip reads: "Photographer: Gray. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Brown. Special instructions: 9 minute develop please! 33/34: Crowd waiting for transportation (or) word about relatives injured etc in crash - in front of Ga. St. receiving. 31-32: Normal development. LeRoy Erickson talks to Howard Roberts, chief ambulance attendant at Ga. St. (Roberts co-ordinated [sic] operation at scene). 15/16: Pat Richard Longstaff, 18, who helped out score of victims. 29/30: Gen'l scene in Geo. St. 26: Pat Depew of San Diego, 12; Mrs. Mamie Depew; Mrs. Fred Bandel of Fullerton; Mrs. I.W. Riley of Santa Ana. 29: Esther Rodriguez, 30; Barbara Rodriguez; Pablina Gamboa, 60; Frederico Sepera Gamboa, 38, Santa Ana. 23/24: Buzzelli family grab shots".; Additional caption slip reads: "Photographer: Wyman. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Adler. Assignment: train wreck. 45/46: l to r Navyman Nils DuVall, 17, & Navyman George Meek, 19, eye witnesses at Queen of Angels Hospital)".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-18458
title: Los Angeles City Pool Aquettes, 1948

description: 12 images. Los Angeles City Pool Aquettes, 20 August 1948. Diane McNeil; Marna Bestwick; Barbara Bryan; Julie Perkins; Jackie Hampton; Audrey Yerkes; Johanna Hauser.; Supplementary material reads: "L. A. City Pool Aquettes perform for L. A. City Recreation & Park Dept. Dedication ceremonies of City Pools & all city water carnivals of which proceeds go to defraying expenses of the 'Learn to Swim Campaign' sponsored each year by L. A. City Parks and Recreation coached by Ruth Nurmi, former Olympic diver & Mary Alice Shaw -- UCLA Aquatic Coac, aqua Galla of 1948. Aug. 26-27-28-29 L. A. Swim Stadium".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-17666
title: Society, 1951

description: 2 images. Society,1951. Ann King; Martha McMahon on Lurline sailing to Honolulu.; Supplementary material reads: "Gershon. To Carter Ludlow. Left to right: Ann King and Martha McMahon shown in their stateroom as they sailed for Honolulu on Matson Liner Lurline".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-18708
title: Crystal Lake fishing, 1950

description: 10 images. Crystal Lake fishing, 29 April 1950. Melissa Wessels; Kenneth Kirsop; Charles Rudolph; Clarence Neece.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-72935
title: Santa Fe train wreck (victims in hospital), 1956

description: 24 images. Santa Fe train wreck (victims in hospital), 22 January 1956. Pat Depew -- 12; Mrs. Mamie Depew; Mrs. Fred Bandel (Queen of Angels Hospital); Mrs. I.W. Riley; Esther Rodriguez (Georgia State Hospital); Barbara Rodriguez; Frederico Sepera; David R. Costello (General Hospital); Mrs. Agnes Stinnott (Good Samaritan Hospital); Mrs. Betty Sharp; Father Paul Stroup; Floyd C. Ballard; Henry Dahl; Sam Wareham; Father E.F. Briggs; Mrs. Marian Preciado; Kathy Buzzelle; Carlos Bustanen; Kathy Grove (parents killed in wreck); Mrs. Nora Grove (grandmother); Nils DuVall. (Sleeve reads: A-11701-024).; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Mack. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Sid Bernstein. Assignment: trainwreck Good Samaritan Hospital. 11-12: David R. Costello, 54, field office consultant for Prudential Life Insurance Co., for treatment of face abrasions and back injury. 19-20: Mrs. Agnes Sinnott, 72, of 2329 East Jewett St., San Diego, comforted by her daughter, Mrs. Betty Sharp, of Long Beach (Sharp rushed to hospital). 44-45: Father Paul Stroup comforts Floyd C. Ballard, 38, Sears sales manager, 3733 Curlew St. San Diego. He has back inj. 4-5: General view of emergency at Good Samaritan as doctors and nurses mobilize to help".; Additional caption slip reads: "Photographer: Sandusky. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Thackrey. Assignment: Art w/ injured child. D51/D52: Where's mama -- Kathy Grove of Del Mar was the youngest passenger on the wrecked train. She asks her grandmother, Mrs. Nora Grove, also of Del Mar, what happened to her mother who was on the train with them. The mother was killed. D29: Henry Dall, 33, of San Diego talks with S/N Sam Wareham, USN, a fellow survivor of the Sunday night train wreck. Listening to their conversation is Father E.F. Briggs of the Japanese Catholic Church, a chaplain at General Hospital. 2 negs: General view (natural light) of waiting line at General Hospital admitting rm".; Additional caption slip reads: "Photographer: Gray. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Brown. Special instructions: 9 minute develop please! 33/34: Crowd waiting for transportation (or) word about relatives injured etc in crash - in front of Ga. St. receiving. 31-32: Normal development. LeRoy Erickson talks to Howard Roberts, chief ambulance attendant at Ga. St. (Roberts co-ordinated [sic] operation at scene). 15/16: Pat Richard Longstaff, 18, who helped out score of victims. 29/30: Gen'l scene in Geo. St. 26: Pat Depew of San Diego, 12; Mrs. Mamie Depew; Mrs. Fred Bandel of Fullerton; Mrs. I.W. Riley of Santa Ana. 29: Esther Rodriguez, 30; Barbara Rodriguez; Pablina Gamboa, 60; Frederico Sepera Gamboa, 38, Santa Ana. 23/24: Buzzelli family grab shots".; Additional caption slip reads: "Photographer: Wyman. Date: 1956-01-22. Reporter: Adler. Assignment: train wreck. 45/46: l to r Navyman Nils DuVall, 17, & Navyman George Meek, 19, eye witnesses at Queen of Angels Hospital)".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-52682
title: Aerial views of Ventura -- San Diego Freeway Interchange, 1958

description: 8 images. Aerial views of Ventura -- San Diego Freeway Interchange, 29 June 1958. (Credit to Lind Flight Service for plane); Intersection of Ventura and Sepulveda Boulevards; some negatives have Sepulveda Dam.; Caption slip reads: "Photographer: Sandusky. Date: 1958-06-29. Assignment: Aerial views of Ventura -- San Diego Freeway Interchange. Must credit Lind Flight Service for plane. 9 negs: Aerial views of interchange, Ventura and San Diego Freeways near intersection of Ventura and Sepulveda Blvds. Some negs will show Sepulveda Dam, Sepulveda Ventura intersection as it now exists with Sunday traffic, and the new fwy due to open shortly".
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-36675
title: Armed Forces Day Parade, 1952

description: 47 images. Armed Forces Day Parade, 17 May 1952. Major General Walter B. Kean; Corporal Gerald Coutts; Marilyn Maxwell; Mayor Bowron; Irene Dunne; General Lawton Collins; Charles P. Skouras; Jeanne Lambros, 22; Henry S. Eaton; Archie Presby; Audie Murphy; Raymond Harvey.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.tpyu72
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 82001 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is one of (Brassica rapa L.)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 82001 records from 893 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0017203-240506114902167/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2rdbrw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 80 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Citharexylum spinosum",
 "Country is Australia",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 80 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0041372-250827131500795/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dr5cqr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 15674 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((112.86593 38.24742,120.92878 38.24742,120.92878 42.50366,112.86593 42.50366,112.86593 38.24742))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Poecile palustris"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 15674 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0041371-250827131500795/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mx5aj4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Citharexylum spinosum",
 "Country is Congo, Democratic Republic of the",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0041373-250827131500795/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2nekce
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 20483 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Bromus japonicus"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 20483 records from 562 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0041370-250827131500795/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30071386
title: Supplemental materials for the manuscript of Comparative analysis of appearance, chloroplast genomes, and evolutionary relationship in the two Gladiolus genus of Iridaceae family<i>.</i>

description: Supplemental materials for the manuscript: Tables S1-S22 and Figures S1-S14.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30071386.v1
title: Supplemental materials for the manuscript of Comparative analysis of appearance, chloroplast genomes, and evolutionary relationship in the two Gladiolus genus of Iridaceae family<i>.</i>

description: Supplemental materials for the manuscript: Tables S1-S22 and Figures S1-S14.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wg78v2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Citharexylum spinosum",
 "Country is Fiji",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0041374-250827131500795/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.veetr9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 95784 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Silene acaulis"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 95784 records from 557 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0041236-250827131500795/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fmrurh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 94 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((112.44973 37.87788,121.8257 37.87788,121.8257 42.75338,112.44973 42.75338,112.44973 37.87788))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Spizixos semitorques"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 94 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0041378-250827131500795/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30067912
title: <b> Field Observations and Wind Tunnel Experiments</b>

description: Dust aerosols profoundly influence climate systems, ecological stability, air quality and public health, underscoring the scientific imperative to understand their emission mechanisms. Traditionally, it isgenerally recognized that dust cannot be directly entrained but depends on saltation bombardment. However, dust that has been directly entrained has beenobserved in different areas. To determinethe mechanism of dust emission, a series of field observations and wind tunnel experimentswere carried out. The results revealed that direct aerodynamic dust entrainmentoccurred and lastedin the dust emission processes in the observed plots where saltation rarely occurred, whereasin most of the observed plots,the threshold friction velocity(TFVa) for dust entrainment was generally lower than that for saltation particles. Even in the plots where the TFVa for dust entrainment was greaterthan that for saltation particles, direct dust entrainmentstill occurred,and the processes wereenhanced by saltationdisturbance. The results of the wind tunnel experiments further revealedthat the contributions of directly entrained dust accounted forthe vast majority of the total emitted dust, and the increase indust emission rates caused by external saltation disturbance was attributed mainly to the replenishmentof available fine soil particles by surface renewal and the breaking of soil aggregates rather than the kinetic energies of saltation particles breakingthe cohesive forces between finer particles. Therefore, the main mechanism of direct aerodynamic entrainmentshould be highlighted in the parameterization of dust emission, and anysaltation disturbance that causessurface renewal and soil aggregatebreaking should also be reconsidered. Our study providesnew evidence that direct aerodynamic entrainmentis the main mechanism of dust emission, and we also proposea framework of entrainment–saltation–renewal–entrainment for dust emission model building.