DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fd31n
title: Data from: Divergence is focused on few genomic regions early in speciation: incipient speciation of sunflower ecotypes

description: Early in speciation, when populations are undergoing the transition from
 local adaptation to incipient species, is when a number of transient, but
 potentially important, processes appear to be most easily detected. These
 include signatures of selective sweeps that can point to asymmetry in
 selection between habitats, divergence hitchhiking and associations of
 adaptive genes with environments. In a genomic comparison of ecotypes of
 the prairie sunflower, Helianthus petiolaris, occurring at Great Sand
 Dunes National Park (Colorado), we found that selective sweeps were mainly
 restricted to the dune ecotype and that there was variation across the
 genome in whether proximity to the non-dune population constrained or
 promoted divergence. The major regions of divergence were few and large
 between ecotypes, in contrast with an interspecific comparison between H.
 petiolaris and a sympatric congener, H. annuus. In general, the large
 regions of divergence observed in the ecotypic comparison swamped
 locus-specific associations with environmental variables. In both
 comparisons, regions of high divergence occurred in portions of the
 genetic map with high marker density, probably reflecting regions of low
 recombination. The difference in genomic distributions of highly divergent
 regions between ecotypic and interspecific comparisons highlights the
 value of studies spanning the spectrum of speciation in related taxa.
description: SNP_table_DN_and_APRestriction-associated sequencing (RAD) derived SNP scores for individual Helianthus samples, with associated positions in reference contigs and locations of contigs on linkage map ("LG" and "cM"). Also shown are gene diversities and ("Hs", for loci meeting filter criteria, Weir and Cockerhams(1985) Fst ("FstWC") for the dune-nondune (DN) and H. annuus-H. petiolaris (AP) comparisons.SNP_table_DN_and_AP_sample_listPopulation or species of origin for samples in SNP_table_DN_and_AP.txt. D = dune, N = nondune, A = Helianthus annuus, P = H. petiolaris.BayeScan_DNData file for analysis of RAD-derived SNPs comparing the dune and nondune ecotypes of Helianthus petiolaris at Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve using BayeScan.Env_assoc_subpop_dataEnvironmental data used in tests of associations between SNPs and environments, controlling for coancestry. Locations are given in UTM eastings and northings. The vegetation cover data (percentages) are averages of four 1m square quadrats at each site, assessed in May 2009. Soil nutrient availability during the growing season was measured using ion exchange probes and the total absorption was scaled to the maximum burial time (123 days), such that in each case the unit of measurement was mg/10 cm2/123 days.Env_assoc_SNP_tableHelianthus petiolaris SNPs tested for associations with environmental variables. The sampling locations for individuals are given in Env_assoc_sample_key.txt.Env_assoc_sample_list- Subpopulation of origin for samples in Env_assoc_SNP_table.txt and Env_assoc_subpop_data.txt. Each subpopulation represents a sampling location. D = dune, N = nondune, I = intermediate.