cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368098
title: Glyphosate, isolated or in associations, at agronomic performance and seed quality of the RR®2 soybean

description: ABSTRACT: The “second generation” of glyphosate-tolerant soybean (RR®2 soybean) was developed through a different technique of insertion of the glyphosate-insensitive EPSPs gene. Information on the selectivity of glyphosate, alone or in combination, in RR2 soybean is lacking. This study evaluated the effects of glyphosate, isolated or in associations, applied at post-emergence (V4), at agronomic performance and seed quality of soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (RR2). The experimental design was randomized block with four replications and seven treatments, conducted in the field for two growing seasons. The treatments consisted of glyphosate herbicide, alone or in combination with clethodim, cloransulam, chlorimuron, lactofen and fluazifop, besides the control without application. Analysis was performed for crop injury, Soil and Plant Analyzer Development (SPAD) index, as well as variables related to agronomic performance (height, number of pods per plant, yield and 1,000-seed weight) and seed quality (vigor, germination, abnormal seedlings and dead seeds). An additional test was conducted with the same cultivar and treatments in a greenhouse in a completely randomized design with four replications. The herbicides did not affect agronomic performance and seed quality of RR2 soybean. Thus, the soybean cultivar NS 6700 IPRO (RR2) was tolerant to glyphosate, alone or combined with other herbicides applied in post-emergence (V4).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368086
title: Management of Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) (Pulmonata: Achatinidae) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

description: ABSTRACT: The giant African snail Achatina fulica was introduced in Brazil and since then has become an important pest, because of its resistance to abiotic conditions, hermaphroditism, polyphagia, and absence of natural predators. This study aims to evaluate the control of A. fulica in lettuce, in Alagoas, Brazil. Bioassays for the determination of lethal dose and lethal time to adults of A. fulica and the egg mortality were performed in the laboratory by applying commercial synthetic products, commercial and non-commercial alcoholic botanical extracts on mollusk adults. Additionally, the protein concentration, lipase activity and enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), in the stomach, intestine, nervous ganglion and liver were determined. The alcoholic extract of Capsicum frutescens caused higher mortality of A. fulica, and the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens and Piper tuberculatum oil can prevent the hatching of A. fulica. The lipase activity was present and in greater quantities in tissues, stomach, intestine, liver and ganglia of A. fulica, before and after exposure of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens. The enzymatic activity of BuChE was present in the ganglia and liver of A. fulica, prior to exposure of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens. The enzymatic activity of AChE was present only in the ganglion and absent in liver of A. fulica, prior to exposure of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens. The concentration of 10% of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens caused 84% mortality of adult A. fulica in lettuce in field conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368086.v1
title: Management of Achatina fulica (Bowdich, 1822) (Pulmonata: Achatinidae) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

description: ABSTRACT: The giant African snail Achatina fulica was introduced in Brazil and since then has become an important pest, because of its resistance to abiotic conditions, hermaphroditism, polyphagia, and absence of natural predators. This study aims to evaluate the control of A. fulica in lettuce, in Alagoas, Brazil. Bioassays for the determination of lethal dose and lethal time to adults of A. fulica and the egg mortality were performed in the laboratory by applying commercial synthetic products, commercial and non-commercial alcoholic botanical extracts on mollusk adults. Additionally, the protein concentration, lipase activity and enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE), in the stomach, intestine, nervous ganglion and liver were determined. The alcoholic extract of Capsicum frutescens caused higher mortality of A. fulica, and the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens and Piper tuberculatum oil can prevent the hatching of A. fulica. The lipase activity was present and in greater quantities in tissues, stomach, intestine, liver and ganglia of A. fulica, before and after exposure of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens. The enzymatic activity of BuChE was present in the ganglia and liver of A. fulica, prior to exposure of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens. The enzymatic activity of AChE was present only in the ganglion and absent in liver of A. fulica, prior to exposure of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens. The concentration of 10% of the alcoholic extract of C. frutescens caused 84% mortality of adult A. fulica in lettuce in field conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368080
title: Resistance of maize cultivars to Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

description: ABSTRACT: Five Zea mays cultivars (BRS Caatingueiro, BRS Gorutuba, BRS Sertanejo, BRS Asa Branca and BR 106) were evaluated considering their effect on the nutrition of the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, by analysis of total protein in adult fed with these cultivars and for the presence of lectins and trypsin inhibitors in grains. In addition, free-choice and no-choice assays were performed to investigate the resistance of grains of the Z. mays cultivars to an attack by S. zeamais. The BR 106 cultivar showed the lowest susceptibility index, followed by BRS Caatingueiro, BRS Asa Branca, BRS Sertanejo and BRS Gorutuba. The number of emerged adults in the Z. mays cultivars ranged from 213.17 to 74.0, and the lowest number of insects was recorded for the BR 106 cultivar. The insects were able to feed on grains of all cultivars, but the BR 106 cultivar showed the least reduction in dried biomass. Lectins were detected in extracts from BR 106, BRS Asa Branca, BRS Sertanejo and BRS Gorutuba, and the highest activity was shown by BR 106. The lowest protein assimilation was detected in the insects from treatments with BRS Asa Branca. The extracts from all cultivars were able to inhibit the activity of bovine trypsin, but this effect was not related to the resistance degree of Z. mays cultivars. The results suggest the resistance of BR 160 to the attack of S. zeamais, as well as indicating that the presence of lectin in the grains is the cause of this resistance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368080.v1
title: Resistance of maize cultivars to Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

description: ABSTRACT: Five Zea mays cultivars (BRS Caatingueiro, BRS Gorutuba, BRS Sertanejo, BRS Asa Branca and BR 106) were evaluated considering their effect on the nutrition of the maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, by analysis of total protein in adult fed with these cultivars and for the presence of lectins and trypsin inhibitors in grains. In addition, free-choice and no-choice assays were performed to investigate the resistance of grains of the Z. mays cultivars to an attack by S. zeamais. The BR 106 cultivar showed the lowest susceptibility index, followed by BRS Caatingueiro, BRS Asa Branca, BRS Sertanejo and BRS Gorutuba. The number of emerged adults in the Z. mays cultivars ranged from 213.17 to 74.0, and the lowest number of insects was recorded for the BR 106 cultivar. The insects were able to feed on grains of all cultivars, but the BR 106 cultivar showed the least reduction in dried biomass. Lectins were detected in extracts from BR 106, BRS Asa Branca, BRS Sertanejo and BRS Gorutuba, and the highest activity was shown by BR 106. The lowest protein assimilation was detected in the insects from treatments with BRS Asa Branca. The extracts from all cultivars were able to inhibit the activity of bovine trypsin, but this effect was not related to the resistance degree of Z. mays cultivars. The results suggest the resistance of BR 160 to the attack of S. zeamais, as well as indicating that the presence of lectin in the grains is the cause of this resistance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368071
title: Spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L.

description: ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L. Mite richness, diversity, and abundance were determined, and higher values were observed primarily in the top stratum. Mite population in J. curcas was higher during the rainy season. Phytophagous mites were mostly concentrated in the top stratum, and Brevipalpus sp. was the most abundant. Predatory mites from the family Phytoseiidae presented the highest richness and diversity, and Amblydromalus zannoui was the most abundant species. The present results indicate seasonal population dynamics for both predatory and phytophagous mites on J. curcas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368071.v1
title: Spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L.

description: ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the spatial-temporal distribution of phytophagous and predatory mites in the canopy of Jatropha curcas L. Mite richness, diversity, and abundance were determined, and higher values were observed primarily in the top stratum. Mite population in J. curcas was higher during the rainy season. Phytophagous mites were mostly concentrated in the top stratum, and Brevipalpus sp. was the most abundant. Predatory mites from the family Phytoseiidae presented the highest richness and diversity, and Amblydromalus zannoui was the most abundant species. The present results indicate seasonal population dynamics for both predatory and phytophagous mites on J. curcas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6944165.v1
title: Bacteria from the Bacillus cereus group as contaminants in requeijão curd cheeses and especialidade láctea tipo requeijão

description: ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Bacillus cereus group in requeijões and especialidades lácteas tipo requeijão (regular and light) and to verify if there is differences in relation to this occurrence among different categories of these products. A set of 14 (35%) lots was contaminated with this bacterial group from the 40 lots with low counts (maximum 3.1 × 10 CFU/g), and no significant difference regarding counts or presence/absence were observed among the categories of the products. It can be concluded that contamination by B. cereus group in these products is unable to consist in risk to consumers, regarding adequate refrigeration during selling. This study was the first one to report this bacteria group for these dairy products and highlights the needs of further investigations to evaluate the impact of its spoilage during shelf life.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6944165
title: Bacteria from the Bacillus cereus group as contaminants in requeijão curd cheeses and especialidade láctea tipo requeijão

description: ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Bacillus cereus group in requeijões and especialidades lácteas tipo requeijão (regular and light) and to verify if there is differences in relation to this occurrence among different categories of these products. A set of 14 (35%) lots was contaminated with this bacterial group from the 40 lots with low counts (maximum 3.1 × 10 CFU/g), and no significant difference regarding counts or presence/absence were observed among the categories of the products. It can be concluded that contamination by B. cereus group in these products is unable to consist in risk to consumers, regarding adequate refrigeration during selling. This study was the first one to report this bacteria group for these dairy products and highlights the needs of further investigations to evaluate the impact of its spoilage during shelf life.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511036
title: Effect of fungal incidence on physiological quality of tobacco seeds used in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The objectives of the present project were to evaluate the sanity and germination of tobacco seed samples cultivated in Brazil and to identify potential pathogenic fungi to the culture. Thirty-four representatives samples of tobacco seeds were evaluated through germination and sanity test by the blotter-test. On the germination test, results were expressed in percentage of seedlings considered normal, abnormal and non-germinated seeds. The percentage of seeds germination varied between 54.5 and 90%. According to sanity test, it was verified the incidence of Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., and Phoma spp. The incidence of A. alternata varied from 3 to 67%, and Fusarium spp. varied from 0 to 19%. There was significative positive correlation between the incidence of A. alternata and the percentage of seed germination. Species of Alternaria and Fusarium can be potential pathogens to tobacco culture and an alarm for the necessity of seed treatment of the seeds that are transporting these fungi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511036.v1
title: Effect of fungal incidence on physiological quality of tobacco seeds used in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The objectives of the present project were to evaluate the sanity and germination of tobacco seed samples cultivated in Brazil and to identify potential pathogenic fungi to the culture. Thirty-four representatives samples of tobacco seeds were evaluated through germination and sanity test by the blotter-test. On the germination test, results were expressed in percentage of seedlings considered normal, abnormal and non-germinated seeds. The percentage of seeds germination varied between 54.5 and 90%. According to sanity test, it was verified the incidence of Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., and Phoma spp. The incidence of A. alternata varied from 3 to 67%, and Fusarium spp. varied from 0 to 19%. There was significative positive correlation between the incidence of A. alternata and the percentage of seed germination. Species of Alternaria and Fusarium can be potential pathogens to tobacco culture and an alarm for the necessity of seed treatment of the seeds that are transporting these fungi.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7020395
title: Comparison of protocols for the extraction of genomic DNA from Sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) for the detection of Xylella fastidiosa

description: ABSTRACT: The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC), is dependent on vector insects for its spread and infection of citrus hosts. The insects, leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) transmit the bacteria to healthy plants after feeding on infected plants. The objective of this study was to develop and compare methods for extracting genomic DNA from sharpshooters to detect X. fastidiosa. The DNA extraction from insects was performed according to a phenol-chloroform based DNA extraction in conjunction with two commercial kits, Dneasy® Plant Mini Kit and blood & tissue Dneasy® Handbook (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA, USA). The heads of the following species of sharpshooter were used: Dilobopterus costalimai, Acrogonia citrina, Oncometopia facialis, Bucephalogonia xanthophis, Macugonalia leucomelas and Homalodisca ignorata. Based on the numeric differences between independent samples, the results showed the use of the phenol:chloroform extraction method (36/50 positives) and the DNeasy® Plant Mini Kit (33/50) resulting in the most detections of X. fastidiosa from leafhopper samples. As these two methods detected Xylella in the greatest number of infected samples, they may be more efficient to use for detection purposes in leafhoppers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7020395.v1
title: Comparison of protocols for the extraction of genomic DNA from Sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) for the detection of Xylella fastidiosa

description: ABSTRACT: The bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (CVC), is dependent on vector insects for its spread and infection of citrus hosts. The insects, leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) transmit the bacteria to healthy plants after feeding on infected plants. The objective of this study was to develop and compare methods for extracting genomic DNA from sharpshooters to detect X. fastidiosa. The DNA extraction from insects was performed according to a phenol-chloroform based DNA extraction in conjunction with two commercial kits, Dneasy® Plant Mini Kit and blood & tissue Dneasy® Handbook (Qiagen Inc., Valencia, CA, USA). The heads of the following species of sharpshooter were used: Dilobopterus costalimai, Acrogonia citrina, Oncometopia facialis, Bucephalogonia xanthophis, Macugonalia leucomelas and Homalodisca ignorata. Based on the numeric differences between independent samples, the results showed the use of the phenol:chloroform extraction method (36/50 positives) and the DNeasy® Plant Mini Kit (33/50) resulting in the most detections of X. fastidiosa from leafhopper samples. As these two methods detected Xylella in the greatest number of infected samples, they may be more efficient to use for detection purposes in leafhoppers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6944150
title: Aqueous extract of pequi fruit to control Spodoptera frugiperda in corn

description: ABSTRACT: Pequi fruit peels contain steroids, triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, compounds that are potentially useful for integrated pest management. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal activity of aqueous extracts of pequi fruit peels on Spodoptera frugiperda. Field-grown corn plants of the cultivar ‘Al Alvaré’ were sprayed with extract concentrations of 0.8%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% (v/v) 40 and 47 days after germination. The pequi peels were chopped, oven dried (65°C for 72 hours), and ground in a grinding mill. The resulting powder was used to prepare a base-line extract (10%), and the other concentrations evaluated were prepared by diluting this extract. The intensity of the damage caused by S. frugiperda caterpillars was evaluated 43, 46, 50, and 53 days after germination, using a visual scoring scale. Application of the extract decreased the amount of damage caused by the caterpillars. The 5% extract concentration was the most effective, while the 10% extract concentration showed evidence of phytotoxicity after the second spraying. These results suggest that the pequi extract is toxic to the S. frugiperda caterpillars and can be used for the management of this pest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6944150.v1
title: Aqueous extract of pequi fruit to control Spodoptera frugiperda in corn

description: ABSTRACT: Pequi fruit peels contain steroids, triterpenes, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, compounds that are potentially useful for integrated pest management. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the insecticidal activity of aqueous extracts of pequi fruit peels on Spodoptera frugiperda. Field-grown corn plants of the cultivar ‘Al Alvaré’ were sprayed with extract concentrations of 0.8%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% (v/v) 40 and 47 days after germination. The pequi peels were chopped, oven dried (65°C for 72 hours), and ground in a grinding mill. The resulting powder was used to prepare a base-line extract (10%), and the other concentrations evaluated were prepared by diluting this extract. The intensity of the damage caused by S. frugiperda caterpillars was evaluated 43, 46, 50, and 53 days after germination, using a visual scoring scale. Application of the extract decreased the amount of damage caused by the caterpillars. The 5% extract concentration was the most effective, while the 10% extract concentration showed evidence of phytotoxicity after the second spraying. These results suggest that the pequi extract is toxic to the S. frugiperda caterpillars and can be used for the management of this pest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7020239
title: Does the high density of trichomes influence the parasitism of Liriomyza sativae by Opius scabriventris on melon cultivars?

description: ABSTRACT: Opius scabriventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is considered an important parasitoid of the leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the main melon (Cucumis melo L.) producing areas in Brazil. However, there is no information on the influence of trichomes on melon plant leaves on the parasitoids’ actions. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to relate the influence of columnar trichome density on melon cultivars in the parasitism of L. sativae larvae by O. scabriventris. The study was conducted in laboratory conditions, in which melon cultivars were infested and the leafminer larvae were subjected to the parasitism. The results demonstrated that trichome density can influence the parasitism of L. sativae larvae by O. scabriventris. Among the studied materials, Piel de Sapo cultivar showed the highest density of trichomes in the leaves (534 trichomes/cm2) and the lowest parasitism (20%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7020239.v1
title: Does the high density of trichomes influence the parasitism of Liriomyza sativae by Opius scabriventris on melon cultivars?

description: ABSTRACT: Opius scabriventris (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is considered an important parasitoid of the leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in the main melon (Cucumis melo L.) producing areas in Brazil. However, there is no information on the influence of trichomes on melon plant leaves on the parasitoids’ actions. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to relate the influence of columnar trichome density on melon cultivars in the parasitism of L. sativae larvae by O. scabriventris. The study was conducted in laboratory conditions, in which melon cultivars were infested and the leafminer larvae were subjected to the parasitism. The results demonstrated that trichome density can influence the parasitism of L. sativae larvae by O. scabriventris. Among the studied materials, Piel de Sapo cultivar showed the highest density of trichomes in the leaves (534 trichomes/cm2) and the lowest parasitism (20%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7131716
title: Integrated pest control adopted by soybean and corn farmers in Londrina, Paraná state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The metropolitan area of Londrina has the presence of strong agribusiness and agroservices and it is an important center for agricultural production, especially soybean and corn. We evaluated the technical aspects and characteristics of farming and crop handling by the producers of soybean and corn, through a semi-structured questionnaire. Two hundred and forty responses were recorded: 120 from soybean farmers and 120 from corn farmers, which represented 10% of the farmers in the city of Londrina. Farmers reported that bedbugs and caterpillars are the main pests. Farmers use organo-synthetic insecticides as the primary means to control pests, but also employ crop-growing measures such as tillage, crop rotation, and the use of transgenic seeds in the management of insect pests affecting soybean and corn.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7131716.v1
title: Integrated pest control adopted by soybean and corn farmers in Londrina, Paraná state, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The metropolitan area of Londrina has the presence of strong agribusiness and agroservices and it is an important center for agricultural production, especially soybean and corn. We evaluated the technical aspects and characteristics of farming and crop handling by the producers of soybean and corn, through a semi-structured questionnaire. Two hundred and forty responses were recorded: 120 from soybean farmers and 120 from corn farmers, which represented 10% of the farmers in the city of Londrina. Farmers reported that bedbugs and caterpillars are the main pests. Farmers use organo-synthetic insecticides as the primary means to control pests, but also employ crop-growing measures such as tillage, crop rotation, and the use of transgenic seeds in the management of insect pests affecting soybean and corn.