cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.37pvmcvjd
title: Positive genetic covariance between male sexual ornamentation and fertilizing capacity

description: Postcopulatory sexual selection results from variation in competitive
 fertilization success among males, and comprises powerful evolutionary
 forces that operate after the onset of mating [1, 2]. Theoretical advances
 in the field of sexual selection addressing the build-up and
 co-evolutionary consequences of genetic coupling [3-5], motivate the
 hypothesis that indirect postcopulatory sexual selection may promote
 evolution of male secondary sexual traits—those traits traditionally
 ascribed to mate choice and male fighting [6, 7]. A crucial prediction of
 this hypothesis is genetic covariance between trait expression and
 competitive fertilization success, which has been predicted to arise, for
 example, when traits subject to pre- and postcopulatory sexual selection
 are under positive correlational selection [8]. We imposed bidirectional
 artificial selection on male ornament (sex comb) size in Drosophila
 bipectinata, and demonstrate increased competitive fertilization success
 as a correlated evolutionary response to increasing ornament size.
 Transcriptional analyses revealed that levels of specific seminal fluid
 proteins repeatedly shifted in response to this selection, suggesting that
 properties of the ejaculate rather than the enlarged sex comb itself
 contributed fertilizing capacity. We used ultraprecise laser surgery to
 reduce ornament size of high line males, and found that their fertilizing
 superiority persisted despite the size reduction, reinforcing the
 transcriptional results. The data support the existence of positive
 genetic covariance between a male secondary sexual trait and competitive
 fertilization success, and suggest the possibility that indirect
 postcopulatory sexual selection may under certain conditions magnify net
 selection on ornamental trait expression.  
description: Raw data from two main experiments are provided, measuring
 responses in competitive fertilization success. The response in both cases
 is the proportion offspring of a given doubly-mated female fathered by the
 second male to mate. For the competitive fertilization data set, we used a
 REML model contained the following terms: selection treatment (high, low
 and control, fixed effect), replicate line (1, 2 and 3, treated as a
 random effect nested within selection treatment), and six mean-centered
 covariates. For the phenotypic engineering data set, we modeled
 fertilization success using a generalized linear model with a binomial
 error structure and logit link function, where the number of fertilized
 eggs laid by each female after her second mating was the response and the
 total number of eggs laid the binomial denominator. The factor, in this
 case, was treatment, and there were 5 mean-centered covariates.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jdbm42
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 195 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Cyathostegia matthewsii",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 195 records from 17 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002710-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.brv15dv8b
title: Automated classification of avian vocal activity using acoustic indices in regional and heterogeneous datasets

description: Acoustic indices combined with clustering and classification approaches
 have been increasingly used to automate identification of the presence of
 vocalizing taxa or acoustic events of interest. While most studies using
 this approach standardize data collection and study design parameters at
 the project or study level, recent trends in ecological research are to
 investigate patterns at regional or continental scales. Large-scale
 studies often require collaboration between research groups and
 integration of data from multiple sources to fulfill objectives, which can
 lead to variation in recording equipment and data collection protocols.
 Our objectives were to determine how analytical approaches and variation
 in data collection and processing that is typical of regional acoustic
 monitoring programs influences accuracy when identifying vocal activity in
 migratory breeding birds. We used data from three regional datasets in
 Northern Alberta, Northern British Columbia, and Southern and Central
 Yukon, Canada to investigate the effect of analytical framework, sample
 size, local species richness, and data collection variables on
 classification accuracy. We found supervised classification approaches to
 be the most effective, with boosted regression trees identifying vocal
 activity with a 92.0% accuracy and easily able to accommodate variation in
 data collection and processing parameters. We also provide recommendations
 on effectively processing large and heterogeneous datasets including
 sufficient sample size, accommodating nuisance variables, and selecting
 suitable model training data. The results presented in this study can help
 inform decisions in data collection, data processing, and study design and
 analysis, maximize performance and accuracy during analysis, and
 efficiently process large, heterogeneous datasets to answer questions at
 scales previously difficult to investigate.
description: This dataset was generated using the audio analysis software by
 the QUT Ecoacoustics Research Group (https://research.ecosounds.org/) to
 generate a suite of acoustic indices for audio recordings of songbird
 surveys from various locations across the western Canadian boreal
 forest.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18395437
title: COMPARATIVE PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF ETHICS AND JUSTICE IN EASTERN AND WESTERN TRADITIONS

description: Ethics and justice are fundamental concepts in philosophical thought, shaping moral behavior and social order across civilizations. Eastern and Western philosophical traditions have developed distinct yet overlapping approaches to understanding ethical values and justice. This article provides a comparative philosophical analysis of ethics and justice in Eastern and Western traditions, highlighting their conceptual foundations, similarities, and differences. By examining key philosophical ideas from both traditions, the study emphasizes the importance of intercultural dialogue in addressing contemporary moral and social challenges.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18395436
title: COMPARATIVE PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF ETHICS AND JUSTICE IN EASTERN AND WESTERN TRADITIONS

description: Ethics and justice are fundamental concepts in philosophical thought, shaping moral behavior and social order across civilizations. Eastern and Western philosophical traditions have developed distinct yet overlapping approaches to understanding ethical values and justice. This article provides a comparative philosophical analysis of ethics and justice in Eastern and Western traditions, highlighting their conceptual foundations, similarities, and differences. By examining key philosophical ideas from both traditions, the study emphasizes the importance of intercultural dialogue in addressing contemporary moral and social challenges.
DOI: 10.7272/q6c53j39
title: Cortical astrocytes independently regulate sleep depth and duration via separate GPCR pathways

description: Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, characterized by slow-wave
 electrophysiological activity, underlies several critical functions,
 including learning and memory. However, NREM sleep is heterogeneous,
 varying in duration, depth, and spatially across the cortex. While these
 NREM sleep features are thought to be largely independently regulated,
 there is also evidence that they are mechanistically coupled. To
 investigate how cortical NREM sleep features are controlled, we examined
 the astrocytic network, comprising a cortex-wide syncytium that influences
 population-level neuronal activity. We quantified endogenous astrocyte
 activity in mice over natural sleep and wake, then manipulated specific
 astrocytic G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling pathways in vivo.
 We find that astrocytic Gi- and Gq-coupled GPCR signaling separately
 control NREM sleep depth and duration, respectively, and that astrocytic
 signaling causes differential changes in local and remote cortex. These
 data support a model in which the cortical astrocyte network serves as a
 hub for regulating distinct NREM sleep features.
description: Adult mice were injected with viruses to express the
 Ca<sup>2+</sup> indicator GCaMP6f in cortical astrocytes
 and/or the Gi- or Gq-DREADD in cortical astrocytes. Mice were also
 implanted with LFP, EEG, and EMG electrodes. In all experiments,
 simultaneous electrophysiology and 2-photon imaging was performed. Data
 provided here include raw electrophysiology data for each recording in all
 experiments (“ephysData”). Additionally, astrocyte
 Ca<sub>2+</sub> data is provided (“aquaData”) that has been
 processed using the event detection software, Astrocyte Quantitative
 Analysis (AQuA, Wang et al., 2019).
description: Please see the README file for instructions.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x0k6djhhh
title: Influence of genetic compatibility on offspring fitness in the red-backed toadlet

description: Presented are data from a manipulative study  investigating the
 influence of parental genetic compatibility on offspring
 viability in the red backed toadlet (Pseudophryne coriacea). The
 study used artificial fertilisation techniques combined with a
 cross-classified breeding design (North Carolina type II) to control
 parentage and partition sources of genetic and phenotypic variance in
 offspring fitness.  The study also tested the
 influence of parental genetic similarity on offspring viability.
 Quantitative genetic analysis of the data revealed no
 significant additive genetic effects (sire effects), but highly
 significant non-additive genetic effects (sire x dam interaction effects),
 on fertilisation success, survival during embryonic development, and
 hatching success. Analysis also revealled significant
 associations between parental genetic similarity and offspring survival
 (whereby survival was higher when parents were more related), and
 significant positive relationships between fertilisation success and
 embryo survival through to hatching.
description: The study involved 3 experimental blocks (blocks 1, 2 and 3). In
 block 1, four sires and four dams were mated in all 16 combinations (4 x 4
 male-by-female factorial crosses). In block 2 and block 3, four sires and
 six dams were mated in all 24 combinations (4 x 6 male-by-female factorial
 crosses). The final combined design for the genetic analysis generated 64
 families of paternal and maternal half siblings. For each cross we present
 data on fertilisation success, offspring survival during embryonic
 development (Gosner stage 13 and 17), and hatching success. We also
 present data on parental genetic similarity, assessed using 27, 768 single
 nucleotide polymorphisms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jdfn2z39c
title: Sexual selection on the genital lobes of male Drosophila simulans

description: Sexual selection is thought to be responsible for the rapid divergent
 evolution of male genitalia with several studies detecting multivariate
 sexual selection on genital form. However, in most cases, selection is
 only estimated during a single episode of selection, which provides an
 incomplete view of net selection on genital traits. Here we estimate the
 strength and form of multivariate selection on the genitalia arch of
 Drosophila simulans when mating occurs in the absence of a competitor and
 during sperm competition, in both sperm defence and offense roles (i.e.
 when mating first and last). We found that the strength of sexual
 selection on the genital arch was strongest during non-competitive mating
 and weakest during sperm offense. However, the direction of selection was
 similar across selection episodes with no evidence for antagonistic
 selection. Overall, selection was not particularly strong despite genitals
 clearly evolving rapidly in this species.
description: Geometric morphometric analysis was used to quantify the size and
 shape of the posterior and ventral lobe of the genital arch (i.e. Centroid
 size (CS), Relative Warp (RW) 1, 2, 3 & 4). The independent
 variables in our multivariate selection analysis were Wing Size (i.e. WS),
 CS, RW1, RW2, RW3 & RW4. We used standard
 multivariate selection analysis to estimate linear and nonlinear sexual
 selection on male body size (i.e. wing length, WL), genital size (CS) and
 shape (RW1, RW2, RW3 & RW4) during a non-competitive mating with a
 virgin female or competitive fertilization with a twice mated female
 during sperm defence (i.e. P1) or offense (i.e. P2). Male fitness was
 assigned a continuous fitness score that was the total number of offspring
 sired. For each bout of
 selection, we transformed the response variables to relative fitness by
 dividing individual scores by the mean fitness of the population and
 standardized the male phenotypic traits to zero means and unit variances
 (Lande and Arnold 1983). We then fitted separate, linear and polynomial
 regression models for each of the three bouts of selection to estimate
 linear and nonlinear (i.e. quadratic and correlational) selection
 gradients for male size and genital size and shape during non-competitive
 (<i>β</i><sub>V</sub> and
 <i>γ</i><sub>V</sub>) and competitive
 (<i>β</i><sub>P1,</sub>
 <i>β</i><sub>P2,
 </sub><i>γ</i><sub>P1 </sub>and
 <i>γ</i><sub>P2</sub>) mating (Lande and Arnold
 1983, see Hunt et al. 2009 for details). All quadratic selection gradients
 were doubled as stabilizing or disruptive selection is underestimated by a
 factor of 0.5 (Stinchcombe et al. 2008).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jdfn2z39d
title: Restoration thinning permits stems to capitalise on high-rainfall years in a regenerating endangered forest ecosystem

description: 1. Passively regenerating native vegetation presents a cost-effective
 opportunity to sequester carbon and reinstate habitat in heavily cleared
 agricultural landscapes. 2. However, in some cases a few woody
 species recolonise in dense, low-diversity stands that are slow
 to self-thin. 3. Restoration thinning of over-dominant species has been
 proposed to accelerate ecosystem recovery, but its longer-term efficacy
 remains uncertain, and is likely to depend strongly on rainfall. 4. This
 study focuses on a restoration thinning experiment established in 2007 in
 dense brigalow (Acacia harpophylla) regrowth in Queensland, Australia.
 Using variation in rainfall between 2007 and 2017, we examined the
 interactive effects of neighbourhood density and moisture availability on
 the growth and survival of A. harpophylla. 5. We also compared the
 strength of A. harpophylla density effects on itself to its effects on a
 sparsely distributed co-occurring tree species (Casuarina cristata) that
 was codominant in the original forest. 6. Our results provide clear
 evidence that thinning permits A. harpophylla to grow rapidly during
 periods of high rainfall, and that interspecific competition between A.
 harpophylla and C. cristata is relatively weak. As such, thinning of dense
 A. harpophylla could be combined with seeding or planting of co-occurring
 tree species with complementary niches to further accelerate forest
 recovery in this extensive regrowth ecosystem.
description: See Towers, I. R. & Dwyer, J. M. (2020).<b>
 </b>Restoration
 thinning permits stems to capitalise on high-rainfall years in a
 regenerating endangered forest ecosystem. Ecological
 Solutions and Evidence for methods.
description: Brig_growth_2020.Rproj - R project file, open first before
 opening brig_growth_model_2020_revised.R<br>
 brig_growth_model_2020_revised.R - R code used for analyses
 Data/ - contains all datafiles
 all_brig_and_others_2015_no_multis.csv - measurements of stem
 diameter (including multiple diameters per individual if joined
 below-ground)<br> and spatial position in coordinates in 2007 and
 2015 for all woody stems &gt; 1.5 cm in established <br>
 quadrats and adjacent remnant Bulli_daily_climate.csv -
 Daily climate informaiton for Bulli weather station from end of 2006 to
 2017 stem_growth_bottom_2017 - Circumference
 measurements of focal A. harpophylla stems from 2007 to 2017 and survival
 recors Outputs/ - contains outputs from R code, will be
 saved there automatically via the Rproj file. R/ -
 contains R_functions.R, R functions written specifically for this project,
 accessed by the Rproj file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2jm63xsnh
title: Argentine stem weevil larval populations in irrigated pasture

description: Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) is a pest of agriculturally important
 graminaceous species, with mining larvae that kill the stems of the host
 plants. In this study, larval populations were measured in spring and
 summer in irrigated dairy grassland comprising Lolium perenne L. (cv. Nui)
 and Poa annua L. with and without the endophyte Epichloë festucae var.
 lolii Latch, M.J. Chr. and Samuels. Larvae were extracted from tillers
 taken from the swards of these two grass species as well as extracted from
 turfs. Tiller population densities were used to estimate larval
 populations on a m-2 basis. Mean larval population densities extracted
 from the turfs were significantly higher than those from the tillers, but
 there was no correlation between tiller and turf larval densities. Head
 capsule -widths of larvae emerging from turf samples  showed
 seasonal effects. The widths of 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larvae were
 significantly wider in the spring than the summer, while for the 1st
 instars the converse was found. Mean head-capsule widths for all instars
 were significantly greater when extracted from the tillers than the turf (
 P &lt;0.001). There was a significant endophyte effect on head-capsule
 widths of larvae collected in summer, but the effect was not consistent
 across instars or source. No significant endophyte effect on head capsule
 width was found in spring populations from either tillers or turfs. This
 study shows that in irrigated dairy pasture, a high proportion of L.
 bonariensis larvae can live externally of tillers, presumably amongst the
 organic matter around the base of grasses in irrigated dairy pasture, and
 that density estimates based only on tiller populations will have
 significantly underestimated actual numbers. Having a precise indication
 of larval population densities is essential when developing life tables or
 determining economic damage threshold levels.
description: Collection of field samples. Host grasses (<em>Lolium
 perenne</em>, <em>Poa annua</em>), Collection of tillers
 or turfs (taken as cores) for weevil larvae, Cores of known diameter, with
 the number of grass tillers counted to determine grass species
 density. Heat extraction of larvae from samples. Measurement of larval
 head capsule widths under a binocular scope and eyepiece
 graticule. 
description: No missing values
DOI: 10.7272/q67h1gtb
title: Distinctive features of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells predict recovery from severe COVID-19

description: Although T cells are recognized as likely important players in SARS-CoV-2
 immunity, little is known about the phenotypic features of
 SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells associated with recovery from COVID-19. We
 analyzed total and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells from longitudinal specimens
 of 34 COVID-19 cases with severities ranging from mild (outpatient) to
 critical (ICU) culminating in death. The subset distribution of
 SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells differed in mild vs. severe ICU cases.
 Longitudinal analyses of severe ICU cases revealed that while those that
 survived infection mounted an increasing SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell
 response over time, those that succumbed to infection did not, in a manner
 associated with antigen-independent T cell activation. Relative to severe
 cases that culminated in death, individuals that recovered from severe
 COVID-19 harbored elevated levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells capable
 of homeostatic proliferation. In the fatal COVID-19 cases,
 SARS-CoV-2-specific regulatory T cells were elevated and
 antigen-independent activated CXCR4+ T cells increased over time. Together
 with the demonstration of elevated proportions of inflammatory CXCR4+ T
 cells in the lungs of severe COVID-19 patients, these results support a
 model whereby T cells activated through bystander effects contribute to
 immunopathology by being non-specifically recruited to the inflamed lung.
 Overall, these findings suggest that a robust, non-suppressive
 SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response is important for limiting
 immunopathology and recovery from severe COVID-19.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vt4b8gtr0
title: Hopping on: Conspecific traveller density within a vehicle regulates parasitic hitchhiking between ephemeral microcosms

description: Hitchhikers (phoretic organisms) identify their vehicles using
 species-specific visual, chemical and vibrational cues. However, what
 factors influence their choice between vehicles of the same species has
 rarely been investigated. Hitchhikers must not only avoid overcrowded
 vehicles but may also need to travel with conspecifics to ensure mates at
 their destination. Hence, a trade-off between overcrowding and presence of
 conspecifics likely determines choice of a vehicle especially when
 destination sites are distant, ephemeral and unique. Here, we investigate
 whether a trade-off between the presence of conspecifics vs overcrowding
 by conspecifics or heterospecifics on a vehicle affects hitchhiker choice.
 We also investigate the sensory modality responsible for this choice. We
 experimentally examine these questions using a phoretic nematode community
 (containing plant- and animal-parasitic taxa) obligately associated with a
 brood-site pollination mutualism. In this model system nematodes co-travel
 with conspecifics and heterospecifics on pollinators as vehicles, between
 ephemeral plant brood-sites to complete their developmental life cycle. In
 this system, hitchhiker overcrowding has proven negative impacts on
 vehicle and plant fitness. We expected nematodes to respond to
 conspecifics and heterospecific density on offered vehicles when making
 their choice. We found that animal-parasitic nematodes preferred vehicles
 containing some conspecifics within a certain density range. However,
 plant-parasitic nematodes preferentially boarded vehicles that were devoid
 of conspecifics or had few conspecifics. Plant parasites that preferred
 empty vehicles likely hitchhiked in pairs. Both nematode types employed
 volatile cues to discriminate between vehicles with different conspecific
 nematode densities. Our results suggest that vehicle overcrowding by
 conspecifics, most likely, guaranteed access to mates at the destination
 determined hitchhiker choice. Surprisingly, and contrary to our
 expectations, plant- and animal-parasitic nematodes did not respond to
 heterospecific crowding on vehicles and did not discriminate between
 vehicles with different heterospecific nematode densities. The reason for
 this lack of response to heterospecific presence is unknown. This study
 not only shows that phoretic organisms use different strategies while
 choosing a vehicle but also confirms that density-dependent effects can
 ensure the stability and persistence of phoretic interactions in a
 mutualism by balancing overcrowding against reproductive assurance.