DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sg8c5
title: Data from: Does increased heat resistance result in higher susceptibility to predation? A test using (Drosophila melanogaster) selection and hardening

description: Heat resistance of ectotherms can be increased both by plasticity and
 evolution, but these effects may have trade-offs resulting from biotic
 interactions. Here we test for predation costs in Drosophila melanogaster
 populations with altered heat resistance produced by adult hardening and
 directional selection for increased heat resistance. In addition, we also
 tested for genetic trade-offs by testing heat resistance in lines that
 have evolved under increased predation risk. We show that while 35/37°C
 hardening increases heat resistance as expected, it does not increase
 predation risk from jumping spiders or mantids; in fact there was an
 indication that survival may have increased under predation following a
 triple 37°C compared to a single 35°C hardening treatment. Flies that
 survived a 39°C selection cycle showed lower survival under predation,
 suggesting a predation cost of exposure to a more severe heat stress.
 There was however no correlated response to selection because survival did
 not differ between control and selected lines after selection was relaxed
 for one or two generations. In addition, lines selected for increased
 predation risk did not differ in heat resistance. Our findings suggest
 independent evolutionary responses to predation and heat as measured in
 laboratory assays, and no costs of heat hardening on susceptibility to
 predation.
description: Heat experiment with
 hardening treatmentsThis data set contains
 heat knockdown time (min) of female and male D. melanogaster after a
 control treatment (Cont), a single 35°C (35-1) and 37°C (37-1) hardening
 treatment and a triple 35°C (35-3) and 37°C (37-3) hardening treatment,
 scored in two experimental blocks (A and B).Predation experiment
 with hardending treatmentThis data set contains
 survival (yes or no) of female and male D. melanogaster after different
 heat hardening treatments when exposed to two predators (jumping spiders
 and juvenile mantids). Hardening treatments included a control treatment
 (Cont), a single 35°C (35-1) and 37°C (37-1) hardening treatment and a
 triple 35°C (35-3) and 37°C (37-3) hardening treatment. Five different
 colors were used to mark the treatments (blue, orange, yellow, pink and
 violet) and 40/20 replicate vials containing 1/2 flies per treatment were
 used for the spider/mantids predation respectively.Predation experiment
 with spidersThis data set contains
 survival (yes or no) of female and male D. melanogaster under predation by
 jumping spiders. Survival of control lines (Control1-5) and lines selected
 for increased heat resistance (Heat1-5) was scored after 0, 1 and 2
 generations of relaxation. Six different colors were used to mark the
 selection lines (blue, green, orange, yellow, pink and violet) and 50
 replicate vials containing 6 flies from 3 control and 3 selected lines
 were used.Predation experiment
 with mantidsThis data set contains
 survival (yes or no) of female and male D. melanogaster under predation by
 juvenile mantids). Survival of control lines (Control1-5) and lines
 selected for increased heat resistance (Heat1-5) was scored after 0, 1 and
 2 generations of relaxation. Six different colors were used to mark the
 selection lines (blue, green, orange, yellow, pink and violet) and 30
 replicate vials containing 12 flies from 3 control and 3 selected lines
 were used.Heat experiment with
 predation linesThis data set contains
 heat knockdown time (min) of female and male D. melanogaster originating
 from two experiments: episodic and continuous predation. The episodic
 experiment contained two replicate lines of predation by juvenile mantids
 (Pred1 and Pred2) and controls (Cont1 and Cont2). The continuous
 experiment contained four replicate lines of predation by juvenile mantids
 (PR1-4), predation by jumping spiders (SR1-4) and controls (CR1-4). Heat
 knockdown time was scored in two experimental blocks (A and
 B).