DOI: 10.3886/icpsr38752.v1
title: Early Steps Multisite Study (Age 8), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Eugene, Oregon, and Charlottesville, Virginia, 2002-2014
title: Version 1

description: The Early Steps Multisite (ESM) Study is a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of the early childhood version of the Family Check-Up intervention. The enclosed data file includes home-based assessments carried out at child ages 2, 3, 4, 5, 7.5, 8.5, 9.5, and 10.5 involving 731 families from three distinct communities in the United States: Pittsburgh, PA (urban), Eugene, OR (suburban), and in and outside Charlottesville, VA (rural). Assessments include questionnaires and interviews with primary caregivers (i.e., typically mothers) and alternative caregivers (fathers, grandparents, and other child caregivers) about child behavior, sociodemographic and family risk, parent well-being and support, coupled with observations of developmentally-tailored parent-child interaction tasks (e.g., teaching, clean-up, and meal preparation tasks at ages 2-5, discussion tasks at ages 7.5 and 9.5). Teacher reports on multiple domains of child behavior were obtained beginning at age 7.5 through age 10.5, and youth reports on their own adjustment beginning at child age 8.5. Direct testing of children's academic achievement was administered at child ages 5, 7.5, and 8.5 using scales from the Woodcock-Johnson.
description: The purpose of this study is to test the efficacy of the early childhood version of the Family Check-Up intervention.
description: Response Rates: Of the 1,666 families who had children in the appropriate age range and were approached at WIC programs across the three study sites, 879 met eligibility requirements (52 percent in Pittsburgh, 57 percent in Eugene, and 49 percent in Charlottesville). Before the first home assessment at age 2, families were randomly assigned to the FCU or control conditions, the latter receiving WIC services as usual.
description: Presence of Common Scales: Established instruments including the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist and accompanying Teacher Report Form, the Center of Epidemiological Study - Depression (CES-D), Crnic and Greenberg General Life Satisfaction scale, Crnic and Greenberg Parenting Daily Hassles scale, Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory.
description: The sample includes families enrolled in Women, Infants, and Children Nutritional Supplement (WIC) Programs at three jurisdictions in the US for which the target child needed to be between 2 and 3 years of age at the time of enrollment. Families were invited to participate if they had a child between 2 years 0 months and 2 years 11 months of age, following a screening to ensure that they met study criteria by having family, socioeconomic, and/or child risk factors for future behavioral problems. Families were eligible to participate if they scored at least one standard deviation above the normative mean in at least two of the three domains of risk: a) familial risk (e.g., maternal depressive symptoms, b) socio-demographic risk (e.g., low parental education), and c) child risk (e.g., CP). Of the 1,666 families who had children in the appropriate age range and were approached at WIC programs across the three study sites, 879 met eligibility requirements (52 percent in Pittsburgh, 57 percent in Eugene, and 49 percent in Charlottesville). Before the first home assessment at age 2, families were randomly assigned to the FCU or control conditions, the latter receiving WIC services as usual. At the time of recruitment, primary caregivers across sites self-identified as European American (50 percent), African American (28 percent), biracial (13 percent), and other groups (9 percent; e.g., American Indian, Native Hawaiian), with 13.4 percent of the sample reported being Hispanic American. The primary caregivers who participated in the assessment tasks at age 2 were predominantly biological mothers (96 percent), and in all other cases, were biological fathers, grandmothers, or other non-maternal custodial caregivers. The sample was primarily of lower socioeconomic status, with more than two-thirds of the families enrolled in the project reporting an annual income less than $20,000. Forty-one percent of primary caregivers had a high school diploma or general education diploma (GED) and an additional 32 percent had 1 to 2 years of post-high school training. For more information about sample characteristics, see Dishion et al. (2008).
description: Datasets: 
DS0: Study-Level Files
DS1: Age 8 Alternate Caregiver Demographic Raw Data
DS2: Age 8 Adult-Child Relationship Scale Raw Data
DS3: Age 8 After-Care Provider Survey Raw Data
DS4: Age 8 Alternate Caregiver System Involvement Interview Raw Data
DS5: Age 8 After-Care Provider Demographics Raw Data
DS6: Age 8 Beck Anxiety Inventory Raw Data
DS7: Age 8 Child Behavior Checklist Aftercare Raw Data
DS8: Age 8 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System Raw Data
DS9: Age 8 Body Mass Index Raw Data
DS10: Age 8 Neighborhood Questionnaire Raw Data
DS11: Age 8 Brief Neighborhood Observation Raw Data
DS12: Age 8 Aftercare Provider Questionnaire Checklist Raw Data
DS13: Age 8 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Aftercare Provider Report Raw Data
DS14: Age 8 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Raw Data
DS15: Age 8 CFC Questionnaire-Parent Family Conflict Scale Raw Data
DS16: Age 8 Circle of Care Raw Data
DS17: Age 8 Circle of Care Target Child Raw Data
DS18: Age 8 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Aftercare Raw Data
DS19: Age 8 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Teacher Raw Data
DS20: Age 8 Bio-Father's Contact with Target Child Raw Data
DS21: Age 8 Demographic Raw Data
DS22: Age 8 Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills Raw Data
DS23: Age 8 Dominant Language Information Raw Data
DS24: Age 8 Dyadic Adjustment Scale Raw Data
DS25: Age 8 Extra-Familial Contact Survey Raw Data
DS26: Age 8 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Raw Data
DS27: Age 8 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Videotaper Raw Data
DS28: Age 8 Examiner Home Impressions Raw Data
DS29: Age 8 Examiner Home Impressions Videotaper Raw Data
DS30: Age 8 Emotion Socialization Questionnaire Raw Data
DS31: Age 8 Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory Raw Data
DS32: Age 8 Financial Stress Questionnaire Raw Data
DS33: Age 8 Middle Child Home Record Form Raw Data
DS34: Age 8 Me and My Neighborhood Questionnaire Raw Data
DS35: Age 8 Moffitt Scale Raw Data
DS36: Age 8 Parental Monitoring Interview Raw Data
DS37: Age 8 Parenting Children and Adolescents Raw Data
DS38: Age 8 Parent Aftercare Survey Raw Data
DS39: Age 8 Child Behavior Checklist Raw Data
DS40: Age 8 Parent Involvement in Neighborhood Experiences Raw Data
DS41: Age 8 Parent Involvement Scale Raw Data
DS42: Age 8 Parent Involvement Scale - Teacher Version Raw Data
DS43: Age 8 Property Characteristics Raw Data
DS44: Age 8 Parent Rating of Peers and Social Skills Raw Data
DS45: Age 8 Questionnaire List
DS46: Age 8 Relational Aggression Raw Data
DS47: Age 8 School Quality Survey Raw Data
DS48: Age 8 Service Utilization Raw Data
DS49: Age 8 Skills Checklist Raw Data
DS50: Age 8 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Aftercare Raw Data
DS51: Age 8 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Teacher Raw Data
DS52: Age 8 Substance Use Raw Data
DS53: Age 8 Teacher Child Behavior Checklist Raw Data
DS54: Age 8 Teacher Demographics Raw Data
DS55: Age 8 Inhibitory Control Raw Data
DS56: Age 8 Teacher Social Skills Survey Raw Data
DS57: Age 8 Teacher Rating of Peers and Social Skills Raw Data
DS58: Age 8 Teacher Questionnaire List
DS59: Age 8 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Teacher Report Raw Data
DS60: Age 8 Woodcock-Johnson III Raw Data
DS61: Age 8 Adult-Child Relationship Scale Scored Data
DS62: Age 8 Beck Anxiety Inventory Scored Data
DS63: Age 8 Child Behavior Checklist Aftercare Scored Data
DS64: Age 8 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System Scored Data
DS65: Age 8 Body Mass Index 1 Scored Data
DS66: Age 8 Body Mass Index 2 Scored Data
DS67: Age 8 Neighborhood Questionnaire Scored Data
DS68: Age 8 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Aftercare Provider Report Scored Data
DS69: Age 8 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scored Data
DS70: Age 8 CFC Questionnaire-Parent Family Conflict Scale Scored Data
DS71: Age 8 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Aftercare Scored Data
DS72: Age 8 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Teacher Scored Data
DS73: Age 8 Dyadic Adjustment Scale Scored Data
DS74: Age 8 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Scored Data
DS75: Age 8 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Videotaper Scored Data
DS76: Age 8 Emotion Socialization Questionnaire Scored Data
DS77: Age 8 Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory Scored Data
DS78: Age 8 Financial Stress Questionnaire Scored Data
DS79: Age 8 Me and My Neighborhood Questionnaire Scored Data
DS80: Age 8 Moffitt Scale Scored Data
DS81: Age 8 Parental Monitoring Interview Scored Data
DS82: Age 8 Parenting Children and Adolescents Scored Data
DS83: Age 8 Parent Aftercare Survey Scored Data
DS84: Age 8 Peer Acceptance and Social Affiliation Scored Data
DS85: Age 8 Child Behavior Checklist Scored Data
DS86: Age 8 Child Behavior Checklist Child Coerce Scored Data
DS87: Age 8 Child Behavior Checklist Covert Scored Data
DS88: Age 8 Parent Involvement in Neighborhood Experiences Scored Data
DS89: Age 8 Parent Involvement Scale Scored Data
DS90: Age 8 Parent Involvement Scale - Teacher Version Scored Data
DS91: Age 8 Parent Rating of Peers and Social Skills Scored Data
DS92: Age 8 Relational Aggression Scored Data
DS93: Age 8 School Quality Survey Scored Data
DS94: Age 8 Skills Checklist Scored Data
DS95: Age 8 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Aftercare Scored Data
DS96: Age 8 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Teacher Scored Data
DS97: Age 8 Substance Use Scored Data
DS98: Age 8 Teacher Child Behavior Checklist Scored Data
DS99: Age 8 Inhibitory Control Scored Data
DS100: Age 8 Teacher Social Skills Survey Scored Data
DS101: Age 8 Teacher Rating of Peers and Social Skills Scored Data
DS102: Age 8 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Teacher Report Scored Data
DS103: Age 8 Woodcock-Johnson III Scored Data
description: The sample includes families enrolled in Women, Infants, and Children Nutritional Supplement (WIC) Programs at three jurisdictions in the US for which the target child needed to be between 2 and 3 years of age at the time of enrollment. Smallest Geographic Unit: City
description: coded on-site observation; coded video observation; cognitive assessment test; face-to-face interview; mail questionnaireFor additional information, please see the study website. A list of more than 80 published papers using the data set can be found here.