cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985952.v1
title: Schizandrin A exerts anti-tumor effects on A375 cells by down-regulating H19

description: Malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the malignant tumors with highly metastatic and aggressive biological actions. Schizandrin A (SchA) is a bioactive lignin compound with strong anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties, which is stable at room temperature and is often stored in a cool dry place. Hence, we investigated the effects of SchA on MM cell line A375 and its underlying mechanism. A375 cells were used to construct an in vitro MM cell model. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, BrdU assay, flow cytometry, and transwell two-chamber assay, respectively. The cell cycle-related protein cyclin D1 and cell apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9) were analyzed by western blot. Alteration of H19 expression was achieved by transfecting with pEX-H19. PI3K/AKT pathway was measured by detecting phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. SchA significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SchA inhibited cell proliferation and cyclin D1 expression. SchA increased cell apoptosis along with the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, and Bax) and the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). Besides, SchA decreased migration and down-regulated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. SchA down-regulated lncRNA H19. Overexpression of H19 blockaded the inhibitory effects of SchA on A375 cells. SchA decreased the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT while H19 overexpression promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. SchA inhibited A375 cell growth, migration, and the PI3K/AKT pathway through down-regulating H19.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985940.v1
title: Clinical Characteristics and Adverse Events in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with a History of Peripheral Arterial Disease

description: Abstract Background: In clinical observation, patients with acute coronary syndrome complicated with peripheral artery disease have poor prognosis, so the relationship between the diseases and clinical characteristics need to be further explored. Objective: This study aims to investigate clinical characteristics and independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in acute coronary syndrome patients with a history of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: A total of 5,682 patients with acute coronary syndrome were included into this study. These patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of a history of PAD: PAD group (n = 188), and non-PAD (control) group (n = 5,494). Then, the clinical characteristics and incidence of in-hospital adverse events were analyzed; p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The age of PAD patients was higher than that in the control group (65.5 ± 10.3 years vs. 58.6 ± 11 years, p &lt; 0.001), and the proportion of PAD patients with diabetes history and stroke history was higher than that in the control group (73 [39%] vs. 1472 [26.8%], p = 0.018; 36 [19.3%] vs. 396 [7.2%], p &lt; 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis between groups based on in-hospital adverse events revealed that a history of PAD (OR = 1.791, p = 0.01), a history of diabetes (OR = 1.223, p = 0.001), and age of &gt; 65 years old (OR = 4.670, p &lt; 0.001) were independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events. Conclusion: A history of PAD, advanced age, and a history of diabetes are independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985922
title: Epidemiology of tumors in dogs in the capital of the state of Mexico from 2002-2016

description: ABSTRACT A retrospective and cross-sectional study of canine tumors was performed in the capital of State of Mexico from 2002-2016. Since then, 393 tumors were remitted. Descriptive epidemiology was made from all data: breed, age, sex, and tumor features. Then the risk association between cutaneous and non-cutaneous tumors with variables such as sex, breed, and age were analyzed through an exact Fisher test and Odds ratio. In addition, some characteristics of the canine population were studied under a survey. Of all tumors, skin tumors were the most frequent (59.0%). The group of tumors related to ultraviolet radiation was the most common (15.1%). The frequency of tumors in females was 53%, nevertheless, males had more risk to develop cutaneous tumors (OR=1.88, 1.24-2.84) (0.003). The Pure breeds were the most common (82.5%) and the most frequent age range was &gt; 7 years (54.7%). The survey showed that males (53%) and the age range 1-7 years (62.1%) were the most frequent. Conclusions, age, breed, and sex were identified as the major risk factors for tumorigenesis. Likewise, skin tumors were associated with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, probably to the height of the locality (2667mamls).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985934.v1
title: OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS

description: Abstract This article has theoretically discussed some points regarding outliers caused by errors in geodetic observations (see consideration made). Comments have also been made on the usual 3σ-rule to identify outliers and its common approachs in the simulation of outliers in geodetic networks. Three simulated experiments have been conducted to verify the elements discussed. In the first one, with the simulation of random errors, we have verified that it can have a magnitude large enough to generate outliers. In the second one, in scenarios of leveling network simulated by Monte Carlo methods, observations containing gross errors with a lower magnitude than their respective σ tended to not be identified as outliers by the iterative data snooping procedure. This has also occurred in the third experiment, in which gross errors of magnitude 3.1σ had their value masked by the random error of the respective observation. From the conceptual discussion presented, we have concluded that gross error and outlier are not synonyms, and neither is one a particular case of the other. From the obtained results, we have concluded that there are inconsistencies in how outliers have been simulated in geodetic networks, which indicates the need to continue with investigations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985919
title: Effect of soybean plant density on stem blight incidence

description: ABSTRACT No-till system and high plant density are common practices in soybean crops of the Brazilian southern region, which has increased the incidence of stem and pod diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant populations on stem blight incidence. The experiments were conducted in Muitos Capões Municipality, Rio Grande do Sul State, during the seasons 2006/07 and 2007/08, using cultivars BRS 255 RR and CD 213 RR. The evaluated populations had 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 plants m-2, spaced 0.45 m between rows. The experimental plot units consisted of 5m width and 10m length, arranged in randomized blocks with four replicates. Stem blight incidence was quantified at phenological stages R5.1, R5.5, R6 and R7 and the collected data underwent regression analysis. Higher soybean plant densities caused a positive and significant increase on stem blight incidence in all four phenological stages for both cultivars and seasons. There was no significant difference for soybean grain yield according to the increase in plant population. Results indicated that soybean management preventing high plant densities can contribute to reduce stem blight incidence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985913
title: Adaptive potential of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA populations associated with rice and Urochloa brizantha for thermal stress

description: ABSTRACT A large number of widely distributed plant pathogens such as the phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Rhizoctonia are subject to extreme temperature fluctuations in their habitats. To survive such thermal fluctuations, these organisms have developed the capability of regulating their phenotypic values for specific thermal adaptations and to other specific environmental variations. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of thermal stress on the evolvability for mycelial growth in two host-distinct populations of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA infecting either rice (OS6) or Urochloa (BBT1), and to compare them with a population of R. oryzae-sativae from rice (OS5), a species adapted to higher temperatures. The populations were subjected to two growth temperatures: 25°C and 35°C (optimal and stress temperatures for R. solani AG-1 IA). Based on mycelial growth, estimates of genotypic variance (IG), environmental variance (IE) and broad sense heritability (h2) were determined as measures of evolvability. The population OS5 of R. oryzae-sativae was almost not influenced by temperature stress, while at 35oC there was a reduction in h2 for the populations BBT1 and OS6 of R. solani AG-1 IA. However, the relatively high h2 values for mycelial growth at 35oC (0.63 ± 0.07) indicate that both populations BBT1 and OS6 of R. solani AG-1 IA have potential for adaptation to temperature stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985919.v1
title: Effect of soybean plant density on stem blight incidence

description: ABSTRACT No-till system and high plant density are common practices in soybean crops of the Brazilian southern region, which has increased the incidence of stem and pod diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of plant populations on stem blight incidence. The experiments were conducted in Muitos Capões Municipality, Rio Grande do Sul State, during the seasons 2006/07 and 2007/08, using cultivars BRS 255 RR and CD 213 RR. The evaluated populations had 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 plants m-2, spaced 0.45 m between rows. The experimental plot units consisted of 5m width and 10m length, arranged in randomized blocks with four replicates. Stem blight incidence was quantified at phenological stages R5.1, R5.5, R6 and R7 and the collected data underwent regression analysis. Higher soybean plant densities caused a positive and significant increase on stem blight incidence in all four phenological stages for both cultivars and seasons. There was no significant difference for soybean grain yield according to the increase in plant population. Results indicated that soybean management preventing high plant densities can contribute to reduce stem blight incidence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985922.v1
title: Epidemiology of tumors in dogs in the capital of the state of Mexico from 2002-2016

description: ABSTRACT A retrospective and cross-sectional study of canine tumors was performed in the capital of State of Mexico from 2002-2016. Since then, 393 tumors were remitted. Descriptive epidemiology was made from all data: breed, age, sex, and tumor features. Then the risk association between cutaneous and non-cutaneous tumors with variables such as sex, breed, and age were analyzed through an exact Fisher test and Odds ratio. In addition, some characteristics of the canine population were studied under a survey. Of all tumors, skin tumors were the most frequent (59.0%). The group of tumors related to ultraviolet radiation was the most common (15.1%). The frequency of tumors in females was 53%, nevertheless, males had more risk to develop cutaneous tumors (OR=1.88, 1.24-2.84) (0.003). The Pure breeds were the most common (82.5%) and the most frequent age range was &gt; 7 years (54.7%). The survey showed that males (53%) and the age range 1-7 years (62.1%) were the most frequent. Conclusions, age, breed, and sex were identified as the major risk factors for tumorigenesis. Likewise, skin tumors were associated with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, probably to the height of the locality (2667mamls).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985910
title: Determination of the most susceptible phenological stage of rice panicles to infection by species of Fusarium graminearum

description: ABSTRACT Occurrence of rice seeds infected by Fusarium graminearum has shown the importance of identifying the most favorable phenological stage of panicles to grain infection. The experiments were conducted in two crop seasons under greenhouse conditions, using the rice hybrid INOV CL. The phenological stages during inoculation were complete booting, full heading and flowering. All plots were inoculated using two isolates of Fusarium graminearium species complex 15A (F. graminearium - 15-ADON) and FmNiv (F. meridionale - Nivalenol). Disease severity was estimated at weekly intervals and was used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), while panicles were collected to determine the percentage of spotted grains and Fusarium incidence. Percentage of spotted grains and incidence of F. graminearum and F. meridionale were greater when inoculation was made during flowering stage, significantly differing from heading and booting stages. Rice flowering stage is more susceptible to infection by F. graminearum and F. meridionale, inducing higher disease severity and incidence of spotted grains, as well as presence of fungi in the grains. Flowering was the most susceptible stage in the two crop seasons for both isolates, and the complete booting stage presented the lowest values of AUDPC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985904
title: Characterization of coat colors horses from the Campolina breed

description: ABSTRACT Since ancient times, coat colors are valued in the equestrian business. The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of coat colors and distribution among sexes in Brazil and also verify the frequency of this phenotype in reproduction to associate it with linear measurements and functionality. 44,437 definitive records were selected, and chi-square tests were used to evaluate coat colors and distribution between sexes, states and decades. By descriptive analysis the phenotypes breeding frequency and proportions in the offspring were obtained. Breeding and most used individuals were accounted by decade of birth and registration. Dun, chestnut and bay coat colors predominated, with 20,422; 11,941 and 5,256 animals, respectively. Dun represented 45.21% in Minas Gerais; 46.98% in Rio de Janeiro and 48.98% in São Paulo. For males and females there was a higher frequency of dun, chestnut and bay. The most frequent breeding colors were chestnut x dun, dun x dun and dun x bay. This is the first article to evaluate the coat colors in the Campolina population, dun being the most prevalent coat color in both sexes. The gait quality at the register is not associated with the coat color. This phenotype should be used with caution in selection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985913.v1
title: Adaptive potential of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA populations associated with rice and Urochloa brizantha for thermal stress

description: ABSTRACT A large number of widely distributed plant pathogens such as the phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Rhizoctonia are subject to extreme temperature fluctuations in their habitats. To survive such thermal fluctuations, these organisms have developed the capability of regulating their phenotypic values for specific thermal adaptations and to other specific environmental variations. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of thermal stress on the evolvability for mycelial growth in two host-distinct populations of Rhizoctonia solani AG-1 IA infecting either rice (OS6) or Urochloa (BBT1), and to compare them with a population of R. oryzae-sativae from rice (OS5), a species adapted to higher temperatures. The populations were subjected to two growth temperatures: 25°C and 35°C (optimal and stress temperatures for R. solani AG-1 IA). Based on mycelial growth, estimates of genotypic variance (IG), environmental variance (IE) and broad sense heritability (h2) were determined as measures of evolvability. The population OS5 of R. oryzae-sativae was almost not influenced by temperature stress, while at 35oC there was a reduction in h2 for the populations BBT1 and OS6 of R. solani AG-1 IA. However, the relatively high h2 values for mycelial growth at 35oC (0.63 ± 0.07) indicate that both populations BBT1 and OS6 of R. solani AG-1 IA have potential for adaptation to temperature stress.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985901
title: Evaluating the impact of the selection process of principal in Brazilian public schools

description: Abstract Educational quality in Brazil has improved at a slow pace despite continued public policy efforts. The international literature has noted the importance of school management and the principal’s profile on students’ performance, but this discussion is recent in Brazil. In this study, we investigate the effects of the selection process of principals on students’ performance from public state schools in Brazil. We conclude that while the “selection process” channel is not clear, the “principal quality effect” indicates that the more democratic and technical selection methods tend to select most qualified principals in terms of leadership and managerial abilities. The principal who has time to implement changes, who adopts management practices to encourage teachers and has experience being the leader of the school present better results in terms of student’s performance. Therefore, it is important that the principal selection process choose professionals with the skills mentioned.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985910.v1
title: Determination of the most susceptible phenological stage of rice panicles to infection by species of Fusarium graminearum

description: ABSTRACT Occurrence of rice seeds infected by Fusarium graminearum has shown the importance of identifying the most favorable phenological stage of panicles to grain infection. The experiments were conducted in two crop seasons under greenhouse conditions, using the rice hybrid INOV CL. The phenological stages during inoculation were complete booting, full heading and flowering. All plots were inoculated using two isolates of Fusarium graminearium species complex 15A (F. graminearium - 15-ADON) and FmNiv (F. meridionale - Nivalenol). Disease severity was estimated at weekly intervals and was used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), while panicles were collected to determine the percentage of spotted grains and Fusarium incidence. Percentage of spotted grains and incidence of F. graminearum and F. meridionale were greater when inoculation was made during flowering stage, significantly differing from heading and booting stages. Rice flowering stage is more susceptible to infection by F. graminearum and F. meridionale, inducing higher disease severity and incidence of spotted grains, as well as presence of fungi in the grains. Flowering was the most susceptible stage in the two crop seasons for both isolates, and the complete booting stage presented the lowest values of AUDPC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985889
title: Bond strengths of various resin cements to different ceramics

description: Abstract This study evaluates the shear bond strength (SBS) of various resin cements to different ceramics. Composite resin cylinders of Z100 were fabricated and cemented to disks of feldspathic ceramic (Creation), leucite-reinforced feldspathic ceramic (Empress I), and densely sintered aluminum oxide ceramic (Procera AllCeram) using five resin cements: Panavia F (PAN), RelyX ARC (ARC), RelyX Unicem (RXU), RelyX Veneer, and Variolink II. SBS was measured after three days of water storage (baseline) and after artificial aging (180 days of water storage along with 12,000 thermal cycles). Failure mode of fractured specimens also was evaluated. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (α=0.05). RXU showed 1) the lowest baseline median SBS to feldspathic ceramic, which was not statistically different from PAN; 2) the lowest median baseline SBS to leucite-reinforced feldspathic and densely sintered aluminum-oxide ceramics. All cements performed similarly after aging, except for ARC (median 0.0 MPa) and PAN (median 16.2 MPa) in the densely sintered aluminum-oxide ceramic group. Resin cements perform differently when bonded to different ceramic substrates. While all test resin cements worked similarly in the long-term to feldspathic and leucite-reinforced feldspathic ceramics, only the MDP-containing resin cement provided durable bonds to densely sintered aluminum-oxide ceramic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985895
title: Impact of agro-farming activities on microbial diversity of acidic red soils in a Camellia Oleifera Forest

description: ABSTRACT The production of Camellia oleifera (oil tea), typically planted in acidic red soils in southern China, is limited by low soil fertility. Agro-farming is one way to promote soil fertility by increasing organic matter and microbial communities. To understand the impact of agro-farming activity on soil fertility, three types of agro-farming, namely, raising laying hens under forest (RLH), cultivating Lolium perenne grass under forest (LPG), and maintenance of native grass (MNG), were employed in an oil tea farm with acidic red soil in Changsha, China. Soil samples were collected from the farm to estimate microbial communities, pH, and total organic carbon (TOC) in different seasons. The results indicated that TOC and temperature were the dominant factors influencing the variations of bacterial communities, while temperature and pH affected the fungal communities in the soil. The most abundant bacterial phyla were Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi , while the most abundant fungal phyla were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Zygomycota . Regardless of treatment, the bacterial richness and diversity were both low in spring, and the fungal richness and diversity in summer and autumn were higher than in spring and winter. The TOC content and pH in LPG were significantly higher than in other treatments. Microbial communities in LPG and MNG were more stable than in RLH. In summary, cultivating grass under forest treatment was the best way to improve the microenvironment with the highest TOC content and fewer pathogenic microorganisms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985898
title: Analysis of the functional integrity of Tayassu pecari sperm by different hyposmotic solutions and osmolarities

description: ABSTRACT White-lipped peccary (Tayassu pecari) is a neotropical mammal classified as vulnerable due to overhunting and habitat destruction. Due to the low reproduction success in captivity, assisted reproduction techniques can be used in re-stocking programs. Therefore, we aimed to identify the best hyposmotic swelling test (HOST) to evaluate the functional integrity of peccary sperm. Semen samples of four adult males were collected with the aid of an electroejaculator after physical contention, sedation and anesthesia protocols. The semen was evaluated for macro and microscopic characteristics and diluted in the following hyposmotic solutions: distilled water (0mOsmol/L), sucrose (50, 100, 150mOsm/L) and fructose (50, 100, 150mOsm/L). Each sample was incubated in duplicate and one was fixed in 4% formalized sodium citrate solution. Two hundred spermatozoa were evaluated from each sample and classified as reactive or not- reactive to HOST. There were similar proportions of reactive and functional sperm regardless of whether the sample was fixed or not fixed (P&gt; 0.05). Therefore, distilled water can be used as HOST to evaluate the functional integrity of white-lipped peccary sperm because it shows similar results and it is a cheaper test.