cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b2t08b6
title: Data from: Quantifying the impact of pesticides on learning and memory in bees

description: 1) Most insecticides are insect neurotoxins. Evidence is emerging that
 sublethal doses of these neurotoxins are affecting learning and memory of
 both wild and managed bee colonies; exacerbating the negative effects of
 pesticide exposure and reducing individual foraging efficiency. 2)
 Variation in methodologies and interpretation of results across studies
 has precluded the quantitative evaluation of these impacts that is needed
 to make recommendations for policy change. It is not clear whether robust
 effects occur under acute exposure regimes (often argued to be more
 field-realistic than the chronic regimes upon which many studies are
 based), for field-realistic dosages, and for pesticides other than
 neonicotinoids. 3) Here we use meta-analysis to examine the impact of
 pesticides on bee performance in proboscis extension-based learning
 assays, the paradigm most commonly used to assess learning and memory in
 bees. We draw together 104 (learning) and 167 (memory) estimated effect
 sizes across a diverse range of studies. 4) We detected significant
 negative effects of pesticides on learning and memory (i) at field
 realistic dosages, (ii) under both chronic and acute application, and
 (iii) for both neonicotinoid and non-neonicotinoid pesticides groups. 5)
 We also expose key gaps in the literature that include a critical lack of
 studies on non-Apis bees, on larval exposure (potentially one of the major
 exposure routes), and on performance in alternative learning paradigms. 6)
 Policy implications. Procedures for the registration of new pesticides
 within EU member states now typically require assessment of risks to
 pollinators if potential target crops are attractive to bees. However, our
 results provide robust quantitative evidence for subtle, sublethal
 effects, the consequences of which are unlikely to be detected within
 small-scale pre-licensing laboratory or field trials, but can be critical
 when pesticides are used at a landscape scale. Our findings highlight the
 need for long-term post-licensing environmental safety monitoring as a
 requirement within licensing policy for plant protection products.
description: Meta-anaylsis_DRYAD.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7v33h0v
title: Data from: Groundwater enhances aboveground growth in mangroves

description: 1. Groundwater flow through coastal wetlands plays an important role in
 the maintenance of productivity of intertidal ecosystems. Groundwater can
 reduce salinity and increase nutrient availability which can enhance plant
 growth and alter plant biomass allocation patterns. 2. Here, we used
 stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen to assess how groundwater
 influences belowground and aboveground growth in the widespread mangrove
 species Avicennia marina. 3. We found source water within tree stems
 varied seasonally, with non-saline water use higher in the wet season when
 rainwater availability was highest compared to the dry season. Stems with
 higher proportional contribution of non-saline water had increased
 aboveground growth but no effect on belowground growth. Belowground growth
 was however influenced by nutrient availability across the intertidal zone
 which was higher in the high compared to the low intertidal zone. 4.
 Synthesis. This study shows that mangroves use non-saline groundwater and
 rainwater when available rather than saline water sources. Groundwater
 flows into the intertidal stimulates organic matter accumulation in
 aboveground biomass suggesting the availability of non-saline water
 sources, such as groundwater and rainfall, are important for the growth
 and productivity of mangrove forests.
description: Hayes_et_al_2018This data file contains plant and water data used for the analysis and figure production within our manuscript entitled 'Groundwater enhances aboveground growth in mangroves'.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c68n1
title: Data from: Estimation of genetic purging under competitive conditions

description: Inbreeding depression for fitness traits is a key issue in evolutionary
 biology and conservation genetics. The magnitude of inbreeding depression,
 though, may critically depend on the efficiency of genetic purging, the
 elimination or recessive deleterious mutations by natural selection after
 they are exposed by inbreeding. However, the detection and quantification
 of genetic purging for nonlethal mutations is a rather difficult task.
 Here, we present two comprehensive sets of experiments with Drosophila
 aimed at detecting genetic purging in competitive conditions and
 quantifying its magnitude. We obtain, for the first time in competitive
 conditions, an estimate for the predictive parameter, the purging
 coefficient (d), that quantifies the magnitude of genetic purging, either
 against overall inbreeding depression (d ≈ 0.3), or against the component
 ascribed to nonlethal alleles (dNL ≈ 0.2). We find that competitive
 fitness declines at a high rate when inbreeding increases in the absence
 of purging. However, in moderate size populations under competitive
 conditions, inbreeding depression need not be too dramatic in the medium
 to short term, as the efficiency of purging is also very high.
 Furthermore, we find that purging occurred under competitive conditions
 also reduced the inbreeding depression that is expressed in the absence of
 competition.
description: Experimental
 dataExperimental data for
 Madrid and Vigo experimentsData_Purging.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f207f
title: Data from: High intra-ocean, but limited inter-ocean genetic connectivity in populations of the deep-water oblique-banded snapper Pristipomoides zonatus (Pisces: Lutjanidae)

description: While many studies have investigated connectivity and subdivision in
 marine fish occupying tropical, shallow water reef habitats, relatively
 few have been conducted on commercially important deep-water species in
 the Indo-Pacific region. Here, we examine spatial and temporal genetic
 variation in the deep-water oblique-banded snapper Pristipomoides zonatus,
 collected from eight locations across the Indian and Pacific Oceans. A
 total of 292 individuals were screened for genetic variation at six
 nuclear microsatellite loci and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI)
 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene. There was evidence of low, but significant
 genetic differentiation between ocean basins (FCT = 0.009) and no
 significant divergences between sites within oceans. The lack of
 population structure within ocean basins suggests P. zonatus has a long
 pelagic larval duration with high levels of connectivity between
 populations over large geographical distances (&gt;2000 km). There was
 no evidence of temporal variation in allele frequencies within
 populations. However, ephemeral genetic divergences between sites were
 detected, along with a significant reduction in genetic diversity at one
 site, suggesting there may be low effective population sizes (Ne). Our
 results suggest that localized declines in genetic diversity could be
 offset by gene flow from other locations within ocean basins, though
 predicting the broader impacts of localized stock depletions requires
 further understanding of recruitment dynamics and life history
 characteristics of the species.
description: MtDNA haplotype
 frequencies of Pristipomoides zonatusAn excel file with mtDNA
 frequencies and sequences.MtDNA hapltype
 frequencies.xlsxMicrosatellite data for
 Pristipomoides zonatusExcel file containing
 microsatellite genotype dataMicrosatellite
 data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s7q3c
title: Data from: Hippocampal neurogenesis regulates forgetting during adulthood and infancy

description: Throughout life, new neurons are continuously added to the dentate gyrus.
 As this continuous addition remodels hippocampal circuits, computational
 models predict that neurogenesis leads to degradation or forgetting of
 established memories. Consistent with this, increasing neurogenesis after
 the formation of a memory was sufficient to induce forgetting in adult
 mice. By contrast, during infancy, when hippocampal neurogenesis levels
 are high and freshly-generated memories tend to be rapidly forgotten
 (infantile amnesia), decreasing neurogenesis after memory formation
 mitigated forgetting. In precocial species, including guinea pigs and
 degus, the majority of granule cells are generated prenatally. Consistent
 with reduced levels of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis, infant guinea
 pigs and degus did not exhibit forgetting. However, increasing
 neurogenesis after memory formation induced infantile amnesia in these
 species.
description: Data from Fig.
 1CFig1C.csvData from Fig. 1DEF and Fig. S1Fig1DEF_ and_FigS1.csvData from Fig. 1H and Fig. S3bFig1H_ and_FigS3b.csvData from Fig. 1IFig1I.csvData from Fig. 2BCDFig2BCD.csvData from Fig. 2GHJKFig2GHJK.csvData from Fig. 3BCFig3BC.csvData from Fig. 3EFFig3EF.csvData from Fig. 3HIFig3HI.csvData from Fig. 3KFig3K.csvData from Fig. 3LFig3L.csvData from Fig. 4BDEFFig4BDEF.csvData from Fig. 4CFig4C.csvData from Fig. 4HIJKFig4HIJK.csvData from Fig. 5CDFig5CD.csvData from Fig. 5FFig5F.csvData from Fig. 5HFig5H.csvData from Fig. 6BFig6B.csvData from Fig. 6CFig6C.csvData from Fig. 6EFig6E.csvData from Fig. 6FFig6F.csvData from Fig. 6HFig6H.csvData from Fig. 6IFig6I.csvData from Fig. S3deFigS3de.csvData from Fig. S4bcFigS4bc.csvData from Fig. S5bcFigS5bc.csvData from Fig. S6abcFigS6abc.csvData from Fig. S7bcFigS7bc.csvData from Fig. S8bFigS8b.csvData from Fig. S9FigS9.csvData from Fig. S10bcFigS10bc.csvData from Fig. S10dFigS10d.csvData from Fig. S11bFigS11b.csvData from Fig. S11cdFigS11cd.csvData from Fig. S12FigS12.csvData from Fig. S13bcdFigS13bcd.csvData from Fig. S13fghFigS13fgh.csvData from Fig. S14cdefFigS14cdef.csvData from Fig. S15bFigS15b.csvData from Fig. S16bcdeFigS16bcde.csvData from Fig. S17bFigS17b.csvData from Fig. S17cFigS17c.csvDescription of variables within data files
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nj7r6d7
title: Data from: Genetic diversity and parasite facilitated establishment of the invasive signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) in Great Britain

description: Successful establishment of non‐native species is strongly influenced,
 among other factors, by the genetic variation of founding populations,
 which can be enhanced by multiple introductions through admixture.
 Coexisting pathogens can also facilitate the establishment of non‐native
 species by detrimentally impacting on the native fauna acting as novel
 weapons. The signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) is a highly
 invasive species, which has caused mass declines of native crayfish in
 Europe through displacement and transmission of the oomycete Aphanomyces
 astaci (crayfish plague), which is typically lethal to native European
 crayfish. However, whether Aphanomyces astaci may have facilitated the
 invasion of the signal crayfish is not known. We estimated the genetic
 diversity at microsatellite DNA loci, effective population size, and
 potential origins of seven infected and noninfected signal crayfish
 populations in Europe and one founder population in North America.
 Approximate Bayesian computation analysis and population structuring
 suggested multiple host introductions from diverse source populations, as
 well as higher heterozygosity among infected than uninfected populations,
 which could reflect a fitness advantage. Low effective population size,
 moderate heterozygosity, and lack of isolation by distance suggest that
 some invasive signal crayfish populations may not be fully established or
 that their genetic diversity may have been reduced by eradication
 attempts.
description: Master genotypes and
 crayfish plague dataComplete genotypes for
 all 9 populations of signal crayfish with their associated crayfish plague
 values (PFU and A level) and site coordinatesMaster genotypes and plague for
 Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7d8k0
title: Data from: Clinical characteristics and prognosis of drug-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome compared with non-drug-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: a single-centre retrospective study in Japan

description: Objectives To report the clinical features and prognosis of
 drug-associatedacute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Design A
 retrospective analysis of data collected during a prospective cohort
 study. Setting Intensive care unit in a teaching hospital. Participants A
 total of 197 Japanese patients with ARDS diagnosed by the Berlin
 definition who were admitted to the Division of Respiratory Medicine from
 October 2004 to December 2015 were enrolled in the study and were
 classified as two groups according to their causes: a drug-associated ARDS
 group (n=27) and a non-drug-associated ARDS group (n=170). Primary outcome
 measure is 28-day mortality, and the secondaryoutcome measure is
 ventilator-free days. Results The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health
 Evaluation II scores were significantly lower in the drug-associated ARDS
 group than in the non-drug-associated ARDS group (median (IQR): 18.0
 (16.5–21.0) vs 23.0 (18.0–26.0), p&lt;0.001), and the arterial oxygen
 tension/fractional inspired oxygen ratio was higher (148.0 (114.1–177.5)
 vs 101.0 (71.5–134.0), p=0.003). In the drug-associated ARDS group,
 although high-resolution CT scores indicative of the extent of
 fibroproliferation (301.6 (244.1–339.8) vs 208.3 (183.4–271.6),
 p&lt;0.001), serum lactate dehydrogenase levels (477 (365–585) vs 322
 (246–434), p=0.003) and the McCabe scores (score 1/2/3, n (%): 20 (74)/4
 (15)/3 (11)vs154 (91)/7 (4)/9 (5), p=0.04) were significantly higher,
 ventilator weaning was earlier (p&lt;0.001) and 28-day mortality was
 better (p=0.043). After adjusting for potentially confounding covariates,
 drug-associated ARDS group was associated with lower 28-day mortality
 (adjusted HR (HR) 0.275; 95% CI 0.106 to 0.711; p=0.008). Conclusions
 Although more severe lung damage with fibroproliferation was observed in
 patients with drug-associated ARDS, ventilator weaning was earlier, and
 their prognosis was better than the others. Further well-designed
 prospective studies are needed.
description: data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.85b2f
title: Data from: Evolution of plant defences along an invasion chronosequence: defence is lost due to enemy release- but not forever

description: The success of invasive plants has often been attributed to their rapid
 evolution at the introduced range. In particular, release from native
 enemies has been suggested to select for an evolutionary shift in resource
 allocation patterns from herbivore defence to increased size. Such
 evolutionary processes can take place not only between the native and
 invasive ranges but also within the invasive range over time, but this
 premise has been very seldom studied. In this study, we examined the
 potential for post-invasion evolution in two traits hypothesized to
 facilitate plant invasion success, that is herbivore resistance and
 allelopathic ability. We studied these traits in the invasive plant
 Impatiens glandulifera by comparing plants from its native populations and
 from populations across its invasion chronosequence. Results of
 common-garden experiment and chemical analyses revealed that plants from
 native populations or older populations within the invasive range show
 greater resistance to the generalist herbivore, Deilephila elpenor,
 coupled with greater production of the secondary defence compound
 2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone glycoside. In contrast, no differences were
 found between populations in their allelopathic effect on the germination
 of the co-occurring neighbour, Urtica doica. Finally, results from a field
 survey suggested that older populations within the invasive range incur
 greater attack rates from local herbivores compared to more recently
 established populations. Synthesis. Our findings support the idea that the
 selection pressure of enemy release at the introduced range might
 attenuate over time, leading to the evolutionary recovery of enemy
 resistance. This study emphasizes the importance of incorporating the
 effect of time since introduction when examining evolutionary or
 ecological processes of plant invasions.
description: Evolution of plant
 defences along an invasion chronosequence
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.218p0v2
title: Data from: Olfactory cues of habitats facilitate learning about landscapes of fear

description: Across landscapes, prey are exposed to different levels of predation risk
 within different habitats. However, little is known about how prey learn
 about risk in different habitat types. Here, we examined if wood frog
 tadpoles, Lithobates sylvatica, use olfactory cues from two distinct,
 plant-dominated habitats (cattail and pond weed) to learn about the
 overall risk within a habitat and the risk posed by a specific predator
 species within different habitats. In our first experiment, tadpoles
 experienced both a high-risk and a low-risk habitat before being tested
 for habitat-specific neophobic responses, a cognitive trait expressed in
 high-risk but not low-risk environments. In the second experiment, we
 taught tadpoles to recognise a predator in one habitat while the other one
 was never associated with a predator. Tadpoles were then tested for their
 responses to the predator and a control in both habitats. Our results
 showed that high-risk cattail tadpoles developed habitat-specific
 neophobia. However, high-risk pond weed tadpoles developed a generalised
 neophobia, responding to the novel cues irrespective of the habitat where
 they were tested. We also found that the habitat in which prey learned the
 identity of a specific predator did not affect their responses to that
 predator when tested in different habitats. Our results provide support
 for the use of olfactory habitat cues by prey to learn about predation
 risk across landscapes, suggesting unrecognised nuances to how prey use
 such cues to learn about predation risk.
description: learning about
 landscapes of fear dataExcel file containing
 data on foraging rate of tadpoles collected during manipulative
 behavioural experiments
DOI: 10.15468/dl.af3dkr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 28 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Nasa urens",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 28 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001091-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.669h5
title: Data from: Benefits and costs of ecological restoration: rapid assessment of changing ecosystem service values at a UK wetland

description: Restoration of degraded land is recognized by the international community
 as an important way of enhancing both biodiversity and ecosystem services,
 but more information is needed about its costs and benefits. In
 Cambridgeshire, U.K., a long-term initiative to convert drained,
 intensively farmed arable land to a wetland habitat mosaic is driven by a
 desire both to prevent biodiversity loss from the nationally important
 Wicken Fen National Nature Reserve (Wicken Fen NNR) and to increase the
 provision of ecosystem services. We evaluated the changes in ecosystem
 service delivery resulting from this land conversion, using a new Toolkit
 for Ecosystem Service Site-based Assessment (TESSA) to estimate
 biophysical and monetary values of ecosystem services provided by the
 restored wetland mosaic compared with the former arable land. Overall
 results suggest that restoration is associated with a net gain to society
 as a whole of $199 ha−1y−1, for a one-off investment in restoration of
 $2320 ha−1. Restoration has led to an estimated loss of arable production
 of $2040 ha−1y−1, but estimated gains of $671 ha−1y−1 in nature-based
 recreation, $120 ha−1y−1 from grazing, $48 ha−1y−1 from flood protection,
 and a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions worth an estimated $72
 ha−1y−1. Management costs have also declined by an estimated $1325
 ha−1y−1. Despite uncertainties associated with all measured values and the
 conservative assumptions used, we conclude that there was a substantial
 gain to society as a whole from this land-use conversion. The
 beneficiaries also changed from local arable farmers under arable
 production to graziers, countryside users from towns and villages, and the
 global community, under restoration. We emphasize that the values reported
 here are not necessarily transferable to other sites.
description: Data used to value
 nature-based recreationThis is a short data
 file containing data collected in questionnaire surveys in 2011 of
 visitors to a wetland restoration project at Wicken Fen. It is divided
 into short sections that list different categories of data from the
 questionnaire. It also lists data received from the National Trust about
 visitor numbers in 2010.Ecology and Evolution data for
 ECE31248.pdf
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.868mr
title: Data from: Extrapolating body masses in large terrestrial vertebrates

description: Despite more than a century of interest, body-mass estimation in the
 fossil record remains contentious, particularly when estimating the body
 mass of taxa outside the size scope of living animals. One estimation
 approach uses humeral and femoral (stylopodial) circumferences collected
 from extant (living) terrestrial vertebrates to infer the body masses of
 extinct tetrapods through scaling models. When applied to very large
 extinct taxa, extant-based scaling approaches incur obvious methodological
 extrapolations leading some to suggest that they may overestimate the body
 masses of large terrestrial vertebrates. Here, I test the implicit
 assumption of such assertions: that a quadratic model provides a better
 fit to the combined humeral and femoral circumferences-to-body mass
 relationship. I then examine the extrapolation potential of these models
 through a series of subsetting exercises in which lower body-mass sets are
 used to estimate larger sets. Model fitting recovered greater support for
 the original linear model, and a nonsignificant second-degree term
 indicates that the quadratic relationship is statistically linear.
 Nevertheless, some statistical support was obtained for the quadratic
 model, and application of the quadratic model to a series of dinosaurs
 provides lower mass estimates at larger sizes that are more consistent
 with recent estimates using a minimum convex-hull (MCH) approach. Given
 this consistency, a quadratic model may be preferred at this time. Still,
 caution is advised; extrapolations of quadratic functions are
 unpredictable compared with linear functions. Further research testing the
 MCH approach (e.g., the use of a universal upscaling factor) may shed
 light on the linear versus quadratic nature of the relationship between
 the combined femoral and humeral circumferences and body mass.
description: CampioneSourceCode_R1The R script on which all analyses and figures were generated.CampioneTreeThe tree file used in Campione and Evans (2012), and used here for phylogenetic non-independence exploration.