DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wdbrv15x7
title: Data from: HLA-G 14 bp variant is associated with exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in the post-COVID-19 condition

description: The HLA-G molecule has been related to the lung inflammatory process in
 respiratory diseases. A 14 pb insertion/deletion in the gene encoding
 HLA-G has been associated with differential levels of the HLA-G molecule
 in plasma and with the severity of infectious diseases. Therefore, this
 study evaluates the association of the HLA-G variant 14 pb
 insertion/deletion (rs371194629) with COVID-19 susceptibility, severity,
 and oxygen desaturation in the post-COVID condition. We included 621
 patients with severe COVID-19 hospitalized in a third-level hospital; 520
 subjects Non-COVID (recruited previous to the COVID-19 pandemic); and 101
 patients that were followed after discharge of COVID-19 (46.4% presenting
 exercise-induced oxygen desaturation). The severity of COVID-19 was
 evaluated through the invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) requirement.
 We found that the DD genotype was more frequent among patients requiring
 IMV than non-IMV (0.372 vs 0.290, p= 0.046, OR =1.45, 95%CI = 1.01-2.08,
 dominant model). This genotype was also associated with exercise-induced
 oxygen desaturation in post-COVID patients (0.435 vs 0.196, p=0.011,
 OR=3.15, CI 95%=1.28-7.79, dominant model). The allele and genotype
 frequencies were similar when COVID-19 and non-COVID subjects were
 compared. Thus, the DD genotype of rs371194629 HLA-G was associated with
 COVID-19 severity and post-COVID condition.
description: The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki,
 and the protocol was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee. From
 each subject included in the study, a blood sample was collected in a tube
 with EDTA as an anticoagulant. Genomic DNA was isolated using standard
 techniques. <em>HLA-G</em> rs371194629 genotyping was
 determined by end-point PCR, employing the oligonucleotides reported by
 Ad’hiah et al. 2022 and agarose gel electrophoresis 2.5%. The 210 pb band
 indicated the deletion allele and the 224 band indicated the insertion of
 the 14 bp. The clinical and demographic data were obtained from the
 clinical records and questionnaires.
description: # Data from: HLA-G insertion/deletion of 14 bp genotypes evaluated in
 COVID-19 and exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in the post-COVID-19
 condition **Authors:** Ingrid Fricke-Galindo, Paola Montoya-Angulo, Ivette
 Buendía-Roldán, Gloria Pérez-Rubio, Leslie Chávez-Galán, Ramcés
 Falfán-Valencia **Research domain:** Medical and health sciences
 **Funding:** No funding received  **Abstract:** *The HLA-G molecule has
 been related to the lung inflammatory process in respiratory diseases. A
 14 pb insertion/deletion in the gene encoding HLA-G* *has been associated
 with differential levels of the HLA-G molecule in plasma and with the
 severity of infectious diseases. Therefore, this study evaluates the
 association of the *HLA-G *variant 14 pb insertion/deletion (rs371194629)
 with COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and oxygen desaturation in the
 post-COVID condition. We included 621 patients with severe COVID-19
 hospitalized in a third level hospital; 520 subjects Non-COVID (recruited
 previous to the COVID-19 pandemic); and 101 patients that were followed
 after discharge of COVID-19 (46.4% presenting exercise-induced oxygen
 desaturation). The severity of COVID-19 was evaluated through the invasive
 mechanical ventilation (IMV) requirement. We found that the DD genotype
 was more frequent among patients requiring IMV than non-IMV (0.372 vs
 0.290, p= 0.046, OR =1.45, 95%CI = 1.01-2.08, dominant model). This
 genotype was also associated with exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in
 post-COVID patients (0.435 vs 0.196, p=0.011, OR=3.15, CI 95%=1.28-7.79,
 dominant model). The allele and genotype frequencies were similar when
 COVID-19 and non-COVID subjects were compared. Thus, the DD genotype of
 rs371194629 HLA-G was associated with COVID-19 severity and post-COVID
 condition. Subject Keywords: HLA-G, rs371194629, post-COVID, COVID-19
 **Methods**: How was this dataset collected? How has it been processed?
 The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki, and the
 protocol was approved by the local Research Ethics Committee. From each
 subject included in the study, a blood sample was collected in a tube with
 EDTA as an anticoagulant. Genomic DNA was isolated using standard
 techniques. *HLA-G* rs371194629 genotyping was determined by end-point
 PCR, employing the oligonucleotides reported by Ad’hiah et al. 2022 and
 agarose gel electrophoresis 2.5%. The 210 pb band indicated the deletion
 allele and the 224 band indicated the insertion of the 14 bp. The clinical
 and demographic data were obtained from the clinical records and
 questionnaires. **Read me:** The data analyzed in the study is presented
 in three files. File 1: COVID_HLAG Description: This database includes the
 clinical and demographic information of the patients hospitalized with
 COVID-19. The information included in each column corresponds to: A: Age
 in range of years B: Hosp_stay, length of hospital stay in days (from
 admission to discharge or decease) C: Mortality, in-hospital mortality
 (Surv: survivors, Non_surv: non-survivors) D: Smoking, as current smokers
 E: TI, tobacco index in packs/year F: T2D, type 2 diabetes G: SAH,
 systemic arterial hypertension H: BMI, body mass index (kg/m2) in range
 according to the following classification: &lt;18.5 (underweight),
 18.5-24.9 (normal), 25-29.9 (overweight), ≥30 (obese) I: Resp_dis,
 presence of chronic respiratory diseases (i.e., asthma, chronic
 obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis) J: Card_disease,
 cardiovascular diseases K: Symptoms_onset, Days since symptoms onset to
 the hospital admission L: PaO2_FiO2, Levels of PaO2/FiO2 at hospital
 admission M: IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation requirement N: IMV_days,
 length of invasive mechanical ventilation assistance in days O: HLA_G,
 *HLA-G* rs371194629 genotype (D: deletion, I: insertion) P: HLA_G_Rec,
 *HLA-G *genotype grouped by the recessive model NA is used when the
 information was not available.
 \################################################################## File
 2: No_COVID_HLAG Description: This file contains the demographic and
 genotype information of subjects recruited before the COVID-19 pandemic
 which did not present any respiratory diseases. A: Age in range of years
 B: BMI, body mass index (kg/m2) in range according to the following
 classification: &lt;18.5 (underweight), 18.5-24.9 (normal), 25-29.9
 (overweight), ≥30 (obese) C: Smoking, as current smokers D: HLA_G, *HLA-G*
 rs371194629 genotype (D: deletion, I: insertion) NA is used when the
 information was not available.
 \################################################################## File
 3: Post_COVID_HLAG Description: This file contains the clinical and
 demographic data and the HLA-G genotypes of patients who were followed up
 after hospital discharge due to COVID-19. A: Age in range of years B:
 Hosp_stay, length of hospital stay in days (from admission to discharge)
 C: Smoking, as current smokers D: TI, tobacco index in packs/year E: T2D,
 type 2 diabetes F: SAH, systemic arterial hypertension G: BMI, body mass
 index (kg/m2) in range according to the following classification: &lt;18.5
 (underweight), 18.5-24.9 (normal), 25-29.9 (overweight), ≥30 (obese) H:
 Resp_dis, presence of chronic respiratory diseases (i.e., asthma, chronic
 obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis) I: Card_disease,
 cardiovascular diseases J: Symptoms_onset, Days since symptoms onset to
 the hospital admission K: PaO2_FiO2, Levels of PaO2/FiO2 at hospital
 admission L: IMV, invasive mechanical ventilation requirement M: IMV_days,
 length of invasive mechanical ventilation assistance in days N: DESAT,
 desaturators, subjects were classified as desaturators when the oxygen
 saturation decreased &gt;4% after the 6-minute walking test performed six
 months after discharge. O: HLA_G, *HLA-G* rs371194629 genotype (D:
 deletion, I: insertion) P: HLA_G_Rec, HLA-G genotype grouped by the
 recessive model NA is used when the information was not available.
 Code/Software The genetic association studies and the logistic regression
 models were performed in PLINK v1.07 while comparing variables between
 groups was evaluated in RStudio.