DOI: 10.5880/fidgeo.2019.010
title: Time series of streamflow occurrence from 182 sites in ephemeral, intermittent and perennial streams in the Attert catchment, Luxembourg

description: Version history17. July 2019: release of Version 2.0. This version includes additionally the catchment boundaries provided as subfolder of geodata.zip. The version 1.0 is available in the "previous-versions" subfolder via the Data Download link. The time series did not change and are not included in the V1.0 zip folder. Data descriptionWe used different sensing techniques including time-lapse imagery, electric conductivity and stage measurements to generate a combined dataset of presence and absence of streamflow within a large number of nested sub-catchments in the Attert Catchment, Luxembourg. The first sites of observation were established in 2013 and successively extended to a total number of 182 in 2016 as part of the project “Catchments As Organized Systems” (CAOS, Zehe et al., 2014). Setup for time-lapse imagery measurements was inspired by Gilmore et al. (2013) while the setup for EC-sensor was proposed by Chapin et al. (2014). Temporal resolution ranged from 5 to 15 minutes intervals. Each single dataset was carefully processed and quality controlled before the time interval was homogenized to 30 minutes. The dataset provides valuable information of the dynamics of a meso-scale stream network in space and time. The Attert basin is located in the border region of Luxembourg and Belgium and covers an area of 247 km². The elevation of the catchment ranges from 245 m a.s.l. in Useldange to 549 m a.s.l. in the Ar-dennes. Climate conditions across the catchment are rather similar in terms of temperature and pre-cipitation. Hydrological regimes are mainly driven by seasonal fluctuations in evapotranspiration caus-ing flow to cease in intermittent reaches during dry periods. The catchment covers three predominant geologies: Slate, Marls and Sandstone. The dataset features data from catchments covering all geologi-cal characteristics from single geology to mixed geology. It can be used to test and evaluate hydrologic models, but also for the assessment of the intermittent stream ecosystem in the Attert basin.
description: Time-lapse Imagery Dörr Snapshot Mini 5.0 consumer wildlife cameras were used for time-lapse imagery. Time lapse mon-itoring was realized with the internal software with a temporal resolution of 15 minutes. Cameras were mounted at trees or structures close to the channel. For improved image analysis a gauging plate was installed in the channel. This method was closely related to a time-lapse camera gauging system published by Gilmore et al. (2013). EC-sensorsOnset HOBO Pendant waterproof temperature and light data logger (Model UA-002-64, Onset Com-puter Corp, Bourne, MA, USA) with modified light sensor to measure electric conductivity were used to monitor electric conductivity (EC) as proposed by Chapin et al. (2014). EC values were classified into no-flow situations for EC-values below 25microSi/cm and flow situation for EC-values above 25microSi/cm. Conventional GaugesConventional Gauges are divided into two sub-datasets. Data from ID values CG1 to CG11 were de-rived from water level data measured by METER/Decagon CTD pressure transducers in stilling wells. Data from ID values CG 12 to CG 18 were derived from discharge values measured by the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST). GeodataGeodata comprises of information on proportional shares of geological units in the catchment, the average slope in the catchment and the catchment area upstream of each site. Geological information is derived from a geological map (1:25.000) provided by the Administration des ponts et chaussées Service géologique de l'Etat, Luxembourg (2012). The the original map was created from 1947-1949. GIS analyses were performed using QGIS and SAGA on a 15 m resolution digital elevation model (DEM), which is based on a combined 5m resolution LIDAR scan of Luxembourg (Modèle Numérique de Terrain de Luxembourg, Le Gouvernement du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, Administration du cadastre et de la topographie, 5m LIDAR, https://data.public.lu/en/datasets/bd-l-mnt5/) and 10m resolution LIDAR scan of Belgium (Relief de la Wallonie - Modèle Numérique de Surface, Service public de Wallonie, Département de la Géomatique. 10m LIDAR, http://geoportail.wallonie.be/catalogue/6029e738-f828-438b-b10a-85e67f77af92.html). The generat-ed 15m DEM has been pre-processed by burning in the digitalized stream network ( min. border cell method, epsilon = 3) and filling sinks (Wang Lui algorithm, minimum slope = 0.1°). The catchment area was calculated by using the pre-processed DEM with 15m resolution and the catchment area recursive tool from the SAGA toolbox using the D-8 method. The same DEM was used to calculate the average slope of each catchment. The “slope, aspect, curvature” tool from the SAGA toolbox was used to calcu-late the slope [radians] with the 9 parameter 2nd order polynom method (Zevenbergen & Thorne 1987) which uses a 3x3 pixel window of the DEM to calculate the slope. Catchment boundaries for each site are included as shape files. These shapefiles were calculated with the Watershed tool from the ArcGIS Hydrology toolbox using a flow direction raster as input which was derived from the Flow Direction tool (ArcGIS Hydrology toolbox) from the DEM described above. Raster output was trans-formed to shape files without simplification of the geometry (subfolder: boundaries).