cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609349.v1
title: Prejudice Against Gender and Sexual Diversity among Medical Students from the 1st to the 8th Semesters of a Medical Course in Southern Brazil

description: RESUMO As disparidades no oferecimento de cuidado em saúde à população de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais (LGBT) são evidentes e documentadas. O preconceito molda-se na naturalização de padrões instaurados e mantidos por diversas instituições, e a literatura corrobora com a existência de preconceito contra LGBT em escolas de medicina. A educação médica, historicamente consolidada em modelo biomédico-farmacêutico, concreto, positivista, hospitalocêntrico, com enfoque em um processo saúde-doença unicausal, representa um status conservador que se mantem rígido há um século. A despeito de programas e diretrizes nacionais e internacionais que orientam medidas inclusivas e de combate à discriminação, é verificada a presença de preconceito contra LGBT na prática médica e inclusive durante o processo educacional médico, notando-se atitudes preconceituosas entre os estudantes de medicina. Objetivo analisar o perfil de atitude e o preconceito contra diversidade sexual e de gênero entre estudantes de um curso de Medicina. Métodos foram empregados questionários autoaplicáveis a 391 estudantes de primeiro ao oitavo semestre de um curso de Medicina público da região sul do Brasil no ano de 2017. Resultados obteve-se uma taxa de resposta de 85,2% dos entrevistados. O nível de preconceito com base nas assertivas variou de 69% a 89%. Entre os respondentes, 74,9% concordaram que o sexo entre dois homens é errado, 83,9% consideraram homens gays nojentos, 83,9% acreditaram que a homossexualidade masculina é uma perversão, 80,9% afirmaram que o sexo entre duas mulheres é totalmente errado, 83,9% afirmaram que as meninas masculinas deveriam receber tratamento. Em relação à comparação da distribuição dos resultados quanto ao gênero declarado dos estudantes, observou-se que os estudantes autodeclarados masculinos foram mais preconceituosos que as estudantes autodeclaradas femininas. A distribuição de preconceito entre estudantes que se autodeclararam masculinos variou entre 81,5% a 94,4%, e entre as estudantes que se autodeclararam femininas, variou entre 57,3% e 76,4%. Os dados corroboraram para a importância de integrar a temática de saúde LGBT de forma obrigatória aos currículos e de construir mecanismos de apoio à estruturação pedagógica que auxiliem as aulas e/ou disciplinas a cumprirem seu papel.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609340
title: Indirect estimation of infant mortality in small areas*

description: Abstract The Brass-type indirect methods of early-age mortality estimation have been used for more than four decades, providing very robust estimates for countries without reliable vital registration systems. However, when estimation areas become smaller, the number of dead children could be very small, especially among those born to young women, who provide essential information to estimate recent mortality. In these cases, estimates could be affected by random errors and unexpected annual fluctuations. At the same time, although it is very unlikely that demographic trends in a small area would follow patterns very different from those prevailing in the broader environment they belong to, it is possible that some local events may become relevant to small areas, causing some deviations from the assumptions that may hold true to the larger area. The objective of this paper is to propose an adaptation of the indirect estimation approach, which would allow obtaining infant and child mortality estimates for small areas. As such, this proposal belongs to the realm of indirect estimation methods, sharing the limitations and advantages that characterize this type of estimation procedures. The method is illustrated with data from the 2014 Population and Housing Census of Myanmar. The results indicate that the method proposed here provides reliable and consistent infant mortality estimates, compared to the original Brass’ method, even in very small areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609340.v1
title: Indirect estimation of infant mortality in small areas*

description: Abstract The Brass-type indirect methods of early-age mortality estimation have been used for more than four decades, providing very robust estimates for countries without reliable vital registration systems. However, when estimation areas become smaller, the number of dead children could be very small, especially among those born to young women, who provide essential information to estimate recent mortality. In these cases, estimates could be affected by random errors and unexpected annual fluctuations. At the same time, although it is very unlikely that demographic trends in a small area would follow patterns very different from those prevailing in the broader environment they belong to, it is possible that some local events may become relevant to small areas, causing some deviations from the assumptions that may hold true to the larger area. The objective of this paper is to propose an adaptation of the indirect estimation approach, which would allow obtaining infant and child mortality estimates for small areas. As such, this proposal belongs to the realm of indirect estimation methods, sharing the limitations and advantages that characterize this type of estimation procedures. The method is illustrated with data from the 2014 Population and Housing Census of Myanmar. The results indicate that the method proposed here provides reliable and consistent infant mortality estimates, compared to the original Brass’ method, even in very small areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609334
title: Institutional Pressures, Institutional Work and the Development of Universities' Entrepreneurial Turn

description: ABSTRACT Based on Institutional Theory, in this theoretical essay we aimed to create a model that could explain the development of the entrepreneurial turn of universities. As a result, we suggest the following theoretical proposition: universities' entrepreneurial turn is contingent on institutional work and may be understood as a result of a confluence of inward and outward forces that are shaped through a historical and recursive interplay between regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive pressures, conjointly derived from each actor of the Triple Helix, that is, the state, the industry - or society in a broader sense - and academia. Our main theoretical contributions consist of : (a) placing the universities' entrepreneurial turn at the epicenter of all the competing institutional pressures and logic when it comes to innovation creation; (b) characterizing the universities' entrepreneurial turn as a result of the recursive interplay between regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive pressures, conjointly derived from each actor of the Triple Helix; and (c) stressing the fundamental role of the institutional work performed by institutional entrepreneurs in the process of developing the universities' entrepreneurial turn.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609331
title: Type II Aortopulmonary Window with Isolated Left Subclavian Artery from Left Pulmonary Artery

description: Abstract Type II Aortopulmonary window (APW) accounts for only 10% of total cases of APW, which by itself is a rare congenital anomaly. Various cardiac malformations have been reported to be associated with this rare anomaly. We report one such association of origin of left subclavian artery (LSCA) from left pulmonary artery (LPA) via ductus arteriosus that was surgically repaired.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609334.v1
title: Institutional Pressures, Institutional Work and the Development of Universities' Entrepreneurial Turn

description: ABSTRACT Based on Institutional Theory, in this theoretical essay we aimed to create a model that could explain the development of the entrepreneurial turn of universities. As a result, we suggest the following theoretical proposition: universities' entrepreneurial turn is contingent on institutional work and may be understood as a result of a confluence of inward and outward forces that are shaped through a historical and recursive interplay between regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive pressures, conjointly derived from each actor of the Triple Helix, that is, the state, the industry - or society in a broader sense - and academia. Our main theoretical contributions consist of : (a) placing the universities' entrepreneurial turn at the epicenter of all the competing institutional pressures and logic when it comes to innovation creation; (b) characterizing the universities' entrepreneurial turn as a result of the recursive interplay between regulative, normative and cultural-cognitive pressures, conjointly derived from each actor of the Triple Helix; and (c) stressing the fundamental role of the institutional work performed by institutional entrepreneurs in the process of developing the universities' entrepreneurial turn.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609331.v1
title: Type II Aortopulmonary Window with Isolated Left Subclavian Artery from Left Pulmonary Artery

description: Abstract Type II Aortopulmonary window (APW) accounts for only 10% of total cases of APW, which by itself is a rare congenital anomaly. Various cardiac malformations have been reported to be associated with this rare anomaly. We report one such association of origin of left subclavian artery (LSCA) from left pulmonary artery (LPA) via ductus arteriosus that was surgically repaired.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609325
title: Aspects of the Family Health Care Professionals’ Profile: the Case of a Municipal Hub in Minas Gerais

description: ABSTRACT This study is an exploratory, mixed methods study aimed at identifying the profile of family health care physicians in the municipality of Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as his/her training and work characteristics. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 36 physicians from family health care teams, using simple descriptive statistics and content analysis in a thematic-categorical mode to organize and analyze the data. The results indicated a predominance of female, Brazilian professionals aged between 24 and 35 years, trained in public institutions and specialized in the field of Family Medicine. Most interviewees belong to the Mais Médicos Program , and have remained in the same team for up to 3 years. The prominent advantages were the identification of the professionals with the work proposal and professional valuation, while the disadvantages were the unstable employment relationship, disregard by management, workplace of difficult access, and excessive demands imposed on them. The facilitating points were teamwork and good relationship with the community, while the most challenging points were the lack of human resources, equipment, finances, and technology. We highlight the importance of the attention given by management to the difficulties to adapt the infrastructure of the Health Care Units and provide a work that contributes to change the health care of the population in this region. Therefore, it is necessary to rethink how physicians can be encouraged to remain in the Family Health Care Strategy, providing them with enhanced job security and prospects. However, it is worth underlining the importance of the profile of family doctors, whose training often diverges from the National Curricular Directives for medical training. These differences make it challenging to solve the issues indicated in this study due to the lack of knowledge about the role of primary healthcare, the importance of integration of the health care network, and lack of knowledge about the physician’s attributes at this level of care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609325.v1
title: Aspects of the Family Health Care Professionals’ Profile: the Case of a Municipal Hub in Minas Gerais

description: ABSTRACT This study is an exploratory, mixed methods study aimed at identifying the profile of family health care physicians in the municipality of Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, Brazil, as well as his/her training and work characteristics. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 36 physicians from family health care teams, using simple descriptive statistics and content analysis in a thematic-categorical mode to organize and analyze the data. The results indicated a predominance of female, Brazilian professionals aged between 24 and 35 years, trained in public institutions and specialized in the field of Family Medicine. Most interviewees belong to the Mais Médicos Program , and have remained in the same team for up to 3 years. The prominent advantages were the identification of the professionals with the work proposal and professional valuation, while the disadvantages were the unstable employment relationship, disregard by management, workplace of difficult access, and excessive demands imposed on them. The facilitating points were teamwork and good relationship with the community, while the most challenging points were the lack of human resources, equipment, finances, and technology. We highlight the importance of the attention given by management to the difficulties to adapt the infrastructure of the Health Care Units and provide a work that contributes to change the health care of the population in this region. Therefore, it is necessary to rethink how physicians can be encouraged to remain in the Family Health Care Strategy, providing them with enhanced job security and prospects. However, it is worth underlining the importance of the profile of family doctors, whose training often diverges from the National Curricular Directives for medical training. These differences make it challenging to solve the issues indicated in this study due to the lack of knowledge about the role of primary healthcare, the importance of integration of the health care network, and lack of knowledge about the physician’s attributes at this level of care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609316
title: Prostate cancer screening among elderly men in Brazil: should we diagnose or not?

description: ABSTRACT Purpose: Prostate cancer screening in the elderly is controversial. The Brazilian government and the National Cancer Institute (INCA) do not recommend systematic screening. Our purpose was to assess prevalence and aggressiveness of prostate cancer in men aged 70 years and above, on the first Latin American database to date. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study (n=17,571) from 231 municipalities, visited by Mobile Cancer Prevention Units of a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based opportunistic screening program, between 2004 and 2007. The criteria for biopsy were: PSA&gt;4.0ng/ml, or PSA 2.5-4.0ng/ml with free/total PSA ratio ≤15%, or suspicious digital rectal examination findings. The screened men were stratified in two age groups (45-69 years, and ≥70 years). These groups were compared regarding prostate cancer prevalence and aggressiveness criteria (PSA, Gleason score from biopsy and TNM staging). Results: The prevalence of prostate cancer found was 3.7%. When compared to men aged 45-69 years, individuals aged 70 years and above presented cancer prevalence about three times higher (prevalence ratio 2.9, p&lt;0.01), and greater likelihood to present PSA level above 10.0ng/ml at diagnosis (odds ratio 2.63, p&lt;0.01). The group of elderly men also presented prevalence of histologically aggressive disease (Gleason 8-10) 3.6 times higher (p&lt;0.01), and 5-fold greater prevalence of metastases (PR 4.95, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Prostate cancer screening in men aged over 70 may be relevant in Brazil, considering the absence of systematic screening, higher prevalence and higher probability of high-risk disease found in this age range of the population studied.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609316.v1
title: Prostate cancer screening among elderly men in Brazil: should we diagnose or not?

description: ABSTRACT Purpose: Prostate cancer screening in the elderly is controversial. The Brazilian government and the National Cancer Institute (INCA) do not recommend systematic screening. Our purpose was to assess prevalence and aggressiveness of prostate cancer in men aged 70 years and above, on the first Latin American database to date. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study (n=17,571) from 231 municipalities, visited by Mobile Cancer Prevention Units of a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) based opportunistic screening program, between 2004 and 2007. The criteria for biopsy were: PSA&gt;4.0ng/ml, or PSA 2.5-4.0ng/ml with free/total PSA ratio ≤15%, or suspicious digital rectal examination findings. The screened men were stratified in two age groups (45-69 years, and ≥70 years). These groups were compared regarding prostate cancer prevalence and aggressiveness criteria (PSA, Gleason score from biopsy and TNM staging). Results: The prevalence of prostate cancer found was 3.7%. When compared to men aged 45-69 years, individuals aged 70 years and above presented cancer prevalence about three times higher (prevalence ratio 2.9, p&lt;0.01), and greater likelihood to present PSA level above 10.0ng/ml at diagnosis (odds ratio 2.63, p&lt;0.01). The group of elderly men also presented prevalence of histologically aggressive disease (Gleason 8-10) 3.6 times higher (p&lt;0.01), and 5-fold greater prevalence of metastases (PR 4.95, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Prostate cancer screening in men aged over 70 may be relevant in Brazil, considering the absence of systematic screening, higher prevalence and higher probability of high-risk disease found in this age range of the population studied.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609310
title: Giant Left Atrium Associated with Massive Thrombus Formation 14 Years after Orthotopic Heart Transplantation

description: Abstract We report the case of a 60-year-old patient who underwent orthotopic heart transplant 14 years earlier. Routine echocardiography showed giant masses in the left atrium. There were no symptoms or thromboembolic events in the past. Magnetic resonance imaging study revealed very enlarged left atrium (8.7 × 10.6 cm) occupied by irregular smooth mass (7 × 5 × 6.1 cm) with a stalk that was attached to the posterior left atrial wall in the area of graft suture lines. Intraoperative examination revealed a massive thrombus (12 × 10 cm) that filled almost the entire left atrial area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609313
title: Solvothermal Synthesis of Cerium-Doped Titania Nanostructured Materials Modified with Acetylacetone for Solar-Driven Photocatalysis

description: This study reports the preparation of nanostructured cerium-doped titanium dioxide photocatalysts containing different cerium concentrations by a modified sol-gel route involving the use of acetylacetone. The nanocrystalline powders had their structural, morphological, and optical properties characterized by X-ray diffraction, vibrational and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, total reflection X-ray fluorescence, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Cerium incorporation reduced the bandgap energy of the solids to values that allowed them to absorb visible light. Cerium presence improved the textural properties that are crucial for the catalytic process. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated through photodegradation experiments of methyl orange dye solution. The synthesis with acetylacetone as stabilizer provided nanostructured materials with higher Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio, which enhanced the photocatalytic activity. Smaller quantities of the doped photocatalysts afforded higher degradation rates than the rates reported in the literature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609313.v1
title: Solvothermal Synthesis of Cerium-Doped Titania Nanostructured Materials Modified with Acetylacetone for Solar-Driven Photocatalysis

description: This study reports the preparation of nanostructured cerium-doped titanium dioxide photocatalysts containing different cerium concentrations by a modified sol-gel route involving the use of acetylacetone. The nanocrystalline powders had their structural, morphological, and optical properties characterized by X-ray diffraction, vibrational and Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, total reflection X-ray fluorescence, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Cerium incorporation reduced the bandgap energy of the solids to values that allowed them to absorb visible light. Cerium presence improved the textural properties that are crucial for the catalytic process. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated through photodegradation experiments of methyl orange dye solution. The synthesis with acetylacetone as stabilizer provided nanostructured materials with higher Ce3+/Ce4+ ratio, which enhanced the photocatalytic activity. Smaller quantities of the doped photocatalysts afforded higher degradation rates than the rates reported in the literature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609310.v1
title: Giant Left Atrium Associated with Massive Thrombus Formation 14 Years after Orthotopic Heart Transplantation

description: Abstract We report the case of a 60-year-old patient who underwent orthotopic heart transplant 14 years earlier. Routine echocardiography showed giant masses in the left atrium. There were no symptoms or thromboembolic events in the past. Magnetic resonance imaging study revealed very enlarged left atrium (8.7 × 10.6 cm) occupied by irregular smooth mass (7 × 5 × 6.1 cm) with a stalk that was attached to the posterior left atrial wall in the area of graft suture lines. Intraoperative examination revealed a massive thrombus (12 × 10 cm) that filled almost the entire left atrial area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11609301
title: Models in science education: Student reactions when using an didactic analog concrete mechanical model object (OMMCAD).

description: Abstract In this manuscript we present the notion of didactic analog concrete mechanical model object (OMMCAD), a type of didactic model born of the fusion of the Bungeana epistemology of models (scientific models) with the didactics of sciences (didactic models), developed for teaching-learning purposes of the astronomical theme of the a) apparent movement of the Sun, b) of the different directions of the sun's rise throughout the year and c) the approximate duration of the "clear day" for any region of the Earth. Some results of our modeling work with 11 senior students are disclosed. We also present the insight of some science educators at the international level who work with modeling at school, that is, with practical actions to elaborate, make and explore models to represent reality; creative activities that propel a school science education. The results indicate strong evidence that OMMCAD can be used as supplemental material to the school textbook, contributing to overcoming one of the challenges for science education today: the insufficiencies of the textbook.