cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0684
title: Viscosity measurement of low GWP refrigerants with a tandem capillary tubes method.

description: New experimental data on the viscosity of low-GWP refrigerants such as HFOs are reported in order to contribute for development of low-GWP refrigeration/heat pump systems. Accurate data of thermodynamic and transport properties are indispensable to design and to manufacture the systems with high efficiency. However, there are only limited data of the viscosity. In this study, the viscosity of low-GWP refrigerants were measured by a tandem capillary tubes method with wide temperature and pressure range covered from subcooled liquid to superheated vapor region. In this method, the test fluid flows inside two different length and same diameter capillary tubes connected in series in order to eliminate the pressure drop at the inlet and outlet therefore the measurements have better accuracy than the single capillary tube method. Because correlations to calculate the viscosity at arbitrary conditions are useful for investigations, designs and simulations, correlations which can be available in wide temperature and pressure range are also proposed in the present study. The correlations developed are based on Extended Corresponding States (ECS) model.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0685
title: X-ray micro-tomography to quantify frozen ice cream structure.

description: X-ray micro-tomography (X-ray μCT) provided high resolution 3D images of frozen ice cream samples for use in studying the structure and particle size distribution of air bubbles, fat and ice. Ice cream samples were prepared in a laboratory continuous freezer that allowed a feasibility study of microstructure of frozen samples, which were produced in the continuous freezer then stored in a laboratory freezer at -30°C. X-ray microfocus computed tomography (μCT) (Skyscan 1172, Bruker microCT, Kontich, BE) with a temperature-controlled cooling stage was applied to stored frozen samples to investigate the 3-D microstructure of ice cream produced in a continuous process conditions. This provided a unique insight of the fat destabilization and structure network obtained after production and storage. Morphological analysis revealed microstructural properties of the ice cream samples. Significant differences between the phases were observed. In addition, the particle size distribution of ice crystals, fat and air bubbles was obtained. Results showed that microstructure analysis is a powerful tool for quantifying frozen ice cream structure in relation to process, storage and formula changes.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0687
title: Flow characteristics of air-water two phase flow in a plate heat exchanger.

description: Heat exchangers have been used in a wide variety of applications. Typical among them are the district heating stations, heat recovery systems, HVAC systems, food and chemical process systems, and oil cooling systems. Plate type heat exchanger is one of the best examples for the advancement and technological development in compact heat exchanger due to its high thermal efficiency. In the present study, the air–water two-phase flow characteristics including flow pattern and velocity distribution inside a plate heat exchanger are numerically investigated. The void fraction of two phase flow is observed in different time. The velocity distribution is investigated for different void fraction of flow.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0688
title: Experimental investigation of energy balance during the door opening of a refrigerated truck.

description: An experimental study on the infiltration thermal load during the door opening of a 6 m long truck body was carried out by means of energy and mass balances. The cooling capacity provided at the evaporator was measured, as well as the internal and external air temperatures and humidities. Tests were performed according to the following procedure. The inside air and the walls were settled at the set point temperature. The refrigeration unit was then stopped and the door was kept open during a 5 min period of time. The unit was then switched on again to restore the initial temperature of the air and of the walls. The global infiltration thermal load during the opening time was deduced from these measurements and analyzed against relative humidity of the ambient. Results show that the latent heat load is not negligible compared to the sensible load. It should therefore be taken into account in the energy balance of the body with an open door.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0689
title: Façade-integrated MVHR with speed-controlled micro-heat pump.

description: The majority of existing building stock in Europe and worldwide is poor energy performance buildings and renovation plays a major role in achieving climate protection and energy independence. Deep renovation solutions in combination with integrated HVAC systems are developed within the framework of the European project iNSPiRe. The development, testing and modelling of a façade integrated micro-heat pump (μ-HP) in combination with mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) is presented. A detailed physical model of the μ-HP is developed within the Matlab simulation environment. The vapour cycle and the air heating/cooling are modelled in steady state to derive the thermodynamic states of the refrigerant and of the air. The refrigerant cycle and the governing equations for the moist air are solved iteratively. Two functional models (dimensions: 2.75 m x 2.75 m) were built for the tests in PASSYS test cells, which allow controlling the temperature with high-power heater and cooler. With a so-called cold box the external boundary conditions can be emulated. Experimental results are used to validate the physical heat pump and MVHR model. The physical model is used to create the performance map data for building and system simulation. Combined building and HVAC simulations are performed to investigate the energy performance of the μ-HP on building level. The performance of the system is investigated for different renovation standards (EnerPHit and Passive House) and for seven different European climate conditions. Different control strategies are investigated and a frosting model is used to optimize defrosting control and thus to reduce energy demand. A functional model will be later monitored in a demo building in Ludwigsburg, Germany. The example of social housing built in the 1970s contains four flats on four stories. The main advantages of the μ-HP are the compactness, providing the possibility of integration into the façade, and cost reduction.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mt64k.1/1.1
title: CT scan data of American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis (OUVC 9757)

description: This zip file contains DICOM images from an x-ray microcomputed tomography (µCT) scan of an injected Alligator mississippiensis (OUVC 9757). The veins (with overflow into the arteries) were injected with a latex and barium solution and scanned on a GE eXplore Locus in vivo Small Animal MicroCT scanner (90µm slice thickness at 80kV and 450 µA) at the Ohio University µCT Scanning Facility.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mt64k.1/2.1
title: CT scan data of American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis (OUVC 10387)

description: This zip file contains DICOM images from an x-ray microcomputed tomography (µCT) scan of an injected Alligator mississippiensis (OUVC 10387). The veins were injected with a latex and barium solution and scanned on a GE eXplore Locus in vivo Small Animal MicroCT scanner (90µm slice thickness at 80kV and 450 µA) at the Ohio University µCT Scanning Facility.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mt64k.1/3.1
title: CT scan data of American alligator, Alligator mississippiensis (OUVC 10597)

description: This zip file contains DICOM images from an x-ray microcomputed tomography (µCT) scan of an injected Alligator mississippiensis (OUVC 10597). The arteries and veins were injected with a latex and barium solution and scanned on a GE eXplore Locus in vivo Small Animal MicroCT scanner (90µm slice thickness at 80kV and 450 µA) at the Ohio University µCT Scanning Facility.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mt64k.1/4.1
title: CT scan data of a freshwater crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni (OUVC 10426)

description: This zip file contains DICOM images from an x-ray microcomputed tomography (µCT) scan of an injected Crocodylus johnstoni (OUVC 10426). The arteries and veins were injected with a latex and barium solution and scanned on a GE eXplore Locus in vivo Small Animal MicroCT scanner (90µm slice thickness at 80kV and 450 µA) at the Ohio University µCT Scanning Facility.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0690
title: Humidity and cycle period effect on hygroscopic efficiency of desiccant coating heat exchangers with different desiccants.

description: This study used desiccants of silica gel and sodium polyacrylate respectively coated on fin and tube heat exchangers to enhance the absorption efficiency of vapor in the air. The respective cyclic switching times for dehumidification and regeneration processes of the dehumidification systems are investigated in order to find suitable switching times for further improving the operation efficiency of the system. In the system, the two desiccant coating heat exchangers are operated periodically in mass equilibrant states between the dehumidification and regeneration processes. The experimental results show that, while hot water of 60°C was supplied during the regeneration process, suitable cyclic switching times for both desiccants in different operation conditions were recommended in this study. When the inlet air relative humidity is 80%, in the case of sodium polyacrylate, a high COPth of 0.356 can be reached by adapting the corresponding recommendatory switching times in dehumidification and regeneration processes.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0694
title: Control of supercooling degree due to surfactant.

description: Appearance of supercooling causes decrease in a COP. Thus, it is important to control supercooling degree. In order to realize the control, authors noticed adsorption of surfactant molecules to an interface. And the control of supercooling degree by adding the surfactant to pure water in the glass test tube which is a system having a liquid-gas interface, was examined. And the average supercooling degree could be actively controlled by characteristic of a critical micelle concentration obtained by the relationship between surfactant concentration and surface tension. However, the critical micelle concentration is a physical quantity concerned with the liquid-gas interface. So, it is essential to investigate possibility of controlling average supercooling degree even in a system having the solid-liquid interface. In this paper, in a glass syringe which is a system with only the solid-liquid interface, the relationship between surfactant concentration and average supercooling degree of the surfactant mixture was clarified, comparing with average supercooling degree of pure water.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.696
title: Evaluations of PVE lubricants for A/C system with the low global warming potential refrigerants.

description: For the prevention of global warming, various low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants are proposed as the alternative of R410A for air conditioning system. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the R32 refrigerants and PVE lubricants. The evaluation items were physical properties (miscibility, solubility, mixture viscosity and electric property) and thermal stability and lubricity. As a result, it was found that Type-B was suitable for the R32 refrigerants. In addition, Type-C was also developed to improve the friction coefficient for R32.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0697
title: Effects of boiling hysteresis on metastable two-phase flow refrigerant in a straight adiabatic capillary tube.

description: Experiments on adiabatic two-phase flow phenomena of R134a in a straight capillary tube of 0.977mm I.D. and 1.13m in length were carried out at inlet pressures from 0.8 to 1.0MPa and subcooled temperatures from 5 to 1K. The results show that the experimental procedures, such as increasing or decreasing the subcooled temperature at a given specified inlet pressure will significantly affect the mass flow rates. By measuring the surface temperature along the capillary tube with an infrared thermography camera, we found that the delay of flashing (i.e. the metastable flow, due to the actual flashing point occurred at the downstream of the theoretical one) is significantly affected by the experimental procedures. The maximum difference in the under pressure is about 120 kPa, and that in the mass flow rate is about 12% at the same inlet conditions. These results indicate that boiling hysteresis phenomenon affects the delay of flashing, and so affects the mass flow rate in the capillary tube. By taking into account the actual delay of flashing, the mass flow rate can be estimated within ±5% using the homogeneous model, which is combined with the correlation equation proposed by Cicchitti et al. for two-phase flow viscosity.
DOI: 10.17037/data.118
title: IDEAS project - Scaling-up innovations to improve maternal and newborn health - Nigeria case study resources
DOI: 10.17037/data.119
title: IDEAS project - Scaling-up innovations to improve maternal and newborn health -  Uttar Pradesh case study resources
DOI: 10.17037/data.120
title: IDEAS project - Scaling-up innovations to improve maternal and newborn health - Ethiopia case study resources
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0698
title: Effect of fin geometry on condensation heat transfer and condensate flow modes of R245fa on horizontal enhanced surface tubes.

description: The present study experimentally investigated the condensation heat transfer characteristics, condensate flow modes, and condensate flooding angles of R245fa on horizontal microscopic-grooved tubes. Microscopic-grooved tubes with tube diameters of approximately 19 mm at the fin tip were used as the test tubes. This experiment were observed that three condensate flow modes — droplet mode, droplet-column mode, and column mode. The transition film Reynolds number of the condensate flow mode of the low-finned tubes was different from that of the condensate flow mode of the microscopic-grooved tubes. The condensation heat transfer characteristics of the low-finned and microscopic-grooved tubes were experimentally investigated to clarify the effects of fin geometries on the condensate flow mode, condensate flooding angle and condensation heat transfer.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0699
title: The evaluation of radiant conditioners.

description: In this study, the measured evaluation of radiant conditioners that are considered conducive to the improvement of comfort and energy savings in civilian facilities is done. More specifically, in the medium-small space such as a home or small office and large-scale space such as a gymnasium, the evaluation in terms of comfort on the basis of PMV is calculated. In addition, by using fuel consumption, power consumption and the initial cost of each facility, we have performed energy-saving and economic effect. The results indicate quantitatively the effectiveness of the radiant during cooling operation of the large space as well as small and medium-sized space.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0700
title: Pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of single-phase flow in corrugated tubes for hot-water supply systems.

description: In this study, the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of single-phase flow in a smooth tube, a helical-grooved tube, and 12 corrugated tubes with an outer diameter of 12.7 mm were experimentally investigated, employing water as test fluid. Geometrical parameters considered for the corrugated tubes were corrugation depth (0.3, 0.5, and 0.9 mm) and corrugation pitch (4, 6, 8, 12, 15, 20, and 25 mm). Experiments were conducted by maintaining the inlet water temperature at 20°C and varying the flow rate from 0.005 to 0.18 kg/s. The effects of the difference in corrugation pitch and depth on the pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics of single-phase flow in the corrugated tubes were reported. Furthermore, the measured Nusselt numbers of each tested tube were compared under the same conditions of pumping power and a comprehensive evaluation method for heat transfer tubes was described.
DOI: 10.4125/pd0084th
title: Palladium-Catalyzed Direct α-Arylation of p-Methoxybenzyl-Protected S,S-Dimethylsulfoximine

description: Sulfoximines have recently gained considerable recognition as an important structural motif in the life sciences. This is especially true for (hetero)aryl-substituted S,S-dimethylsulfoximine derivatives, such as the marketed insecticide sulfoxaflor, as well as the clinical candidates­ PTEFb inhibitor BAY 1143572 and ATR inhibitor AZD 6738 for the treatment of cancer. Herein, the first palladium-catalyzed direct α-arylation of p-methoxybenzyl-protected S,S-dimethylsulfoximine using readily available (hetero)aryl bromides is reported. This new method provides a safe, short, and efficient approach to (hetero)aryl-substituted­ S,S-dimethylsulfoximine derivatives, an important class of bioactive compounds, demonstrated by application of this methodology to an improved synthesis of PTEFb inhibitor BAY 1143572.
DOI: 10.4225/08/57feec2bbc814
title: Parkes observations for project P595 semester 2016APRS

description: We propose to continue the PULSE@Parkes project in which high school students from Australia and around the World use the Parkes radio telescope in a remote observing model to observe and analyse pulsar data.  The data from some PULSE@Parkes observations are used to support the FERMI Gamma ray mission, other observations supplement the P456 Pulsar Timing Array project and the remainder were chosen in order to make a detailed analysis of pulsar timing irregularities and intermittency.
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/61bdcc89d0b679b7f4999d20f0021c22
title: SBC LTER: pH time series: Water-sample pH and CO2 system chemistry, ongoing since 2011
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0757
title: Measurement of water vapour diffusion coefficient in the packed bed of zeolite particles for the adsorption heat pump.

description: Waste heat utilization is one of key technologies to reduce the energy consumption and environmental impacts from the fossil fuel use. We studied adsorption heat pump systems designed to recover the exhaust heat from industrial plants in the intermediate temperature range (80-120 degree C), because the adsorption heat pump system can utilize this waste heat. The adsorption heat pump systems have not been widely used as air conditioning systems, because of its low volumetric power density of the adsorber. The volumetric power density of the adsorber is proportional to sorption rate, packing density and latent heat. In general, the sorption rate is determined by mass transfer resistance in single particle of an adsorbent and heat and mass transfer resistance in packed bed. In the present study, we focused on the mass transfer in packed bed, because the mass transfer resistance of the water vapour in packed bed is high due to low water vapour pressure. We developed an apparatus to measure the diffusion coefficient of the water vapour which comprises two vessels with pressure gauges in a thermostatic chamber with different pressures. The packed bed of the adsorbent was placed between the vessels, and the diffusion coefficient was identified from the change rates of the pressure of the vessels. In this paper, we investigated the effect of the pressure on the diffusion coefficient, and kozeny constant and hydraulic mean depth were discussed.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0759
title: Fault detection and diagnosis of a refrigeration system using probabilistic neural network.

description: Aiming at finding an efficient way for the fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) of refrigeration system, the probabilistic neural network (PNN) is proposed to diagnose 7 types of typical faults for a refrigeration system. The establishment of the FDD model based on PNN and the processes of finding out the best spread value was elaborated in detail. The influence of sample size on the best spread value and the correct rate (CR) were explored. It was also demonstrated that the system-level faults were more difficult to be recognized by the model than the component-level faults. The comparison also has been done between the performance of the PNN and the prevailing back-propagation (BP) network. The results show that the overall diagnosis performance of the PNN is better than that of the BP network and the diagnosis of single training of the PNN is more reliable.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0760
title: Experimental study on the dynamic characteristics of twin screw refrigeration compressor.

description: Refrigeration has been playing a significant role in many areas such as food industry, biochemical and pharmaceutical engineering. As the core component of a refrigeration system, compressors act as the key feature determining its performance and efficiency of the system. Twin screw compressors for refrigeration systems stand out in industrial application due to their advantages in reliability, high efficiency and high pressure ratio. The dynamic characteristic of twin screw refrigeration compressor, which include but are not limited to variation of pressure inside the working chamber and the orbit of axis center during operation, is of great importance for refrigeration systems. The understanding of such characteristic is vital for compressor designing, performance analysis, theoretical cycle simulation. However, current findings of research are mainly results of simulation tools or assumption according to previous theory of compressors, while limited practical test and comparison is available. In this paper, experimental study and theoretical analysis of p-V diagram and axis center orbit is shown. The experiment system is shown in details, including sensors selection and data collection. The experimental results were analyzed for optimization of twin screw compressor designing and component selection. Further, its effect on refrigeration system is also illustrated.
DOI: 10.18462/iir.icr.2015.0763
title: Securing safety, energy efficiency and long-term investment along the food cold chain by using natural refrigerants: a comparative market, policy and technology analysis of North America, Japan, China and Viet Nam.

description: Natural refrigerants are gaining increasingly more attention from the global HVAC&R industry in various applications. The use of ammonia, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons and to a lesser extent air as refrigerants in industrial cooling and refrigeration equipment has been successfully proven up to a mainstream level in the food cold chain, including along the entire food cold chain food production and cold storage, especially in Europe, North America, China and Japan. However, other, mostly developing countries, such as Viet Nam have yet to adopt such technologies in an attempt to leapfrog high-GWP solutions that are expected to increasingly become subject to international and national use restrictions. Market trends and technology developments related to natural refrigerants in the food cold storage sector in four different regions are analysed while considering the impact of regulatory initiatives on current and future technology choices.