cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6t450
title: Data from: Incubation time as an important influence on egg production and distribution into clutches for sauropod dinosaurs

description: Individual egg size and clutch size of the largest of the dinosaurs (the
 sauropods) are both smaller than might be expected for such large
 oviparous organisms. We suggest that these effects can be understood in
 the light of likely incubation times of sauropod eggs. Using allometric
 relationships from extant birds and crocodilians, we estimate that time
 from laying to hatching was likely to have been 65–82 days. If total
 predation risk varies with length of incubation time, there may be egg
 sizes above which the advantages of larger initial hatchling size are
 outweighed by the increased risk of predation during the egg stage. Also,
 in seasonal environments there will often be a finite limit to the period
 over which environmental temperatures are high enough for egg development.
 Thus incubation time may have been an important constraint explaining the
 small individual size of sauropod eggs. We further suggest that for
 sauropods spatial dispersal of eggs in small clutches was an adaptive
 strategy to mitigate this high predation risk associated with long time of
 exposure in the egg stage. Such a dispersive strategy brings several
 benefits. Thus, incubation time may also be key to explaining the
 surprisingly small clutch sizes.
description: precocial bird and
 crocodile dataData used in the
 allometric analyses of the relationship between body mass and clutch
 mass
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.20cf2
title: Data from: Alternative reproductive tactics increase effective population size and decrease inbreeding in wild Atlantic salmon

description: While nonanadromous males (stream-resident and/or mature male parr)
 contribute to reproduction in anadromous salmonids, little is known about
 their impacts on key population genetic parameters. Here, we evaluated the
 contribution of Atlantic salmon mature male parr to the effective number
 of breeders (Nb) using both demographic (variance in reproductive success)
 and genetic (linkage disequilibrium) methods, the number of alleles, and
 the relatedness among breeders. We used a recently published pedigree
 reconstruction of a wild anadromous Atlantic salmon population in which
 2548 fry born in 2010 were assigned parentage to 144 anadromous female and
 101 anadromous females that returned to the river to spawn in 2009 and to
 462 mature male parr. Demographic and genetic methods revealed that mature
 male parr increased population Nb by 1.79 and 1.85 times, respectively.
 Moreover, mature male parr boosted the number of alleles found among
 progenies. Finally, mature male parr were in average less related to
 anadromous females than were anadromous males, likely because of
 asynchronous sexual maturation between mature male parr and anadromous
 fish of a given cohort. By increasing Nb and allelic richness, and by
 decreasing inbreeding, the reproductive contribution of mature male parr
 has important evolutionary and conservation implications for declining
 Atlantic salmon populations.
description: DATA1Genotypes of the fish
 sampled: ID(A:fry ; P:anadromous) type(fry/anadromous); sex of the
 anadromous fish; father and mother assigned to each fry. " * "
 corresponds to precocious parr.DATA2Genotypes of both the
 anadromous parents and the precocious parr identified by Colony. Genotypes
 of precocious parr have been inferred by Colony.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6mc8k
title: Data from: Light limitation within southern New Zealand kelp forest communities

description: Light is the fundamental driver of primary productivity in the marine
 environment. Reduced light availability has the potential to alter the
 distribution, community composition, and productivity of key benthic
 primary producers, potentially reducing habitat and energy provision to
 coastal food webs. We compared the underwater light environment of
 macroalgal dominated shallow subtidal rocky reef habitats on a coastline
 modified by human activities with a coastline of forested catchments. Key
 metrics describing the availability of photosynthetically active radiation
 (PAR) were determined over 295 days and were related to macroalgal depth
 distribution, community composition, and standing biomass patterns, which
 were recorded seasonally. Light attenuation was more than twice as high in
 shallow subtidal zones along the modified coast. Macroalgal biomass was
 2–5 times greater within forested sites, and even in shallow water (2m) a
 significant difference in biomass was observed. Long-term light dose
 provided the best explanation for differences in observed biomass between
 modified and forested coasts, with light availability over the study
 period differing by 60 and 90 mol photons m−2 at 2 and 10 metres,
 respectively. Higher biomass on the forested coast was driven by the
 presence of larger individuals rather than species diversity or density.
 This study suggests that commonly used metrics such as species diversity
 and density are not as sensitive as direct measures of biomass when
 detecting the effects of light limitation within macroalgal communities.
description: Biomass Density
 Diversity Ind Biomass main data setData detailing Biomass,
 Density, Shannon-Weiner diversity index and Individual Biomass by site,
 depth and season.All Sites for
 calibrationCalibration data from
 four calibration campaigns.PercentSIPercentage of surface irradiance by site and depthDailyDoseDaily dose of light by site and depth
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jb8v1nh
title: Data from: Barometer logging reveals new dimensions of individual songbird migration

description: Recent advances in tracking technology are based on the use of miniature
 sensors for recording new aspects of individual migratory behaviour. In
 this study, we have used activity data loggers with barometric and
 temperature sensors to record the flight altitudes as well as ground
 elevations during stationary periods of migratory songbirds. We tracked
 one individual of red-backed shrike and one great reed warbler along their
 autumn migration from Europe to Africa. Both individuals performed their
 migration stepwise in travel segments and climbed most metres during the
 passage across the Mediterranean Sea and the Sahara Desert and least
 metres during the first flight segment in Europe. The great reed warbler
 reached its highest flight altitude of 3950 m above sea level (a.s.l).
 during the travel segment from Europe to west Africa, while the red-backed
 shrike reached 3650 m a.s.l as maximum flight altitude during its travel
 segment from Sahel to southern Africa. Both individuals used both lowlands
 and highlands for resting periods along their migrations. Furthermore,
 temperature decreased with increasing altitude during migratory flights
 for both individuals, highlighting the potential to determine flight
 duration from temperature measurements. Finally, we discuss how barometric
 data could be used to investigate birds’ responses to changes in air
 pressure as a cue for departures on migratory flights. This new technique,
 i.e. using a miniature data logger with barometric pressure sensor to
 estimate flight altitudes and ground elevations, will open up new avenues
 for research and importantly advance our understanding on how small birds
 behave during migratory flights.
description: Accelerometer, pressure
 and temperature dataData files in plain text
 containing detailed accelerometer, pressure and temperature data for the
 red-backed shrike and the great reed warbler. First column is a timestamp.
 Act0 means number of sequences that scored 0 during the preceding hour (12
 measurement sequences). Next column Act1 to Act5 follow the same way.
 Column “check” is the sum of all activity counts and should be 12 if
 sampling worked as intended. “Temp” gives temperature in °C and “P”
 barometric pressure in mbar. Data for the red-backed shrike are given
 first (indicated with rbs), and the same columns are repeated afterwards
 for the great reed warbler (indicated by grw). See doi: 10.1111/jav.01821
 for details on data collection and compilation.data to
 dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s700k
title: Data from: Revisiting the measurement of anomie

description: Sociologists coined the term "anomie" to describe societies that
 are characterized by disintegration and deregulation. Extending beyond
 conceptualizations of anomie that conflate the measurements of anomie as
 'a state of society' and as a 'state of mind', we
 disentangle these conceptualizations and develop an analysis and measure
 of this phenomenon focusing on anomie as a perception of the 'state
 of society'. We propose that anomie encompasses two dimensions: a
 perceived breakdown in social fabric (i.e., disintegration as lack of
 trust and erosion of moral standards) and a perceived breakdown in
 leadership (i.e., deregulation as lack of legitimacy and effectiveness of
 leadership). Across six studies we present evidence for the validity of
 the new measure, the Perception of Anomie Scale (PAS). Studies 1a and 1b
 provide evidence for the proposed factor structure and internal
 consistency of PAS. Studies 2a-c provide evidence of convergent and
 discriminant validity. Finally, assessing PAS in 28 countries, we show
 that PAS correlates with national indicators of societal functioning and
 that PAS predicts national identification and well-being (Studies 3a
 & 3b). The broader implications of the anomie construct for the
 study of group processes are discussed.
description: Data for study 1a-b,
 2a-c, & 3a-bEach dataset in the zip
 file is named after each study respectively.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1077n
title: Data from: Complex phylogeography and historical hybridization between sister taxa of freshwater sculpin (Cottus).

description: Species ranges which span different geographic landscapes frequently
 contain cryptic species or population-level structure. Identifying these
 possible diversification factors can often be accomplished under a
 comparative phylogeographic framework. However comparisons suffer if
 previous studies are limited to a particular group or habitat type. In
 California, a complex landscape has led to several phylogeographic breaks,
 primarily in terrestrial species. However two sister taxa of freshwater
 fish, riffle sculpin (Cottus gulosus) and Pit sculpin (C. pitensis),
 display ranges based on morphological identifications which do not
 coincide with these breaks. Using a comprehensive sampling and nuclear,
 mitochondrial, and microsatellite markers, we hypothesized proposed
 species ranges are erroneous based on potential hybridization/gene flow
 between species. Results identified a phylogeographic signature consistent
 with this hypothesis, with breaks at the Coast Range Mountains and
 Sacramento/San Joaquin River confluence. Coastal locations of C. gulosus
 represent a unique lineage and “true” C. gulosus were limited to the San
 Joaquin basin, both regions under strong anthropogenic influence and
 potential conservation targets. C. pitensis limits extended historically
 throughout the Sacramento/Pit River basin but currently are restricted to
 the Pit River. Interestingly, locations in the Sacramento River contained
 low levels of ancestral hybridization and gene flow from C. gulosus but
 now appear to be a distinct population. The remaining population structure
 was strongly correlated with Sierra Nevada presence (high) or absence
 (low). This study stresses the importance of testing phylogeographic
 breaks across multiple taxa/habitats before conservation decisions are
 made, but also the potential impact of different geographic landscapes on
 evolutionary diversification.
description: usat_genotypesMicrosatellite genotypes in genepop format.Baumsteiger_usat_genotypes.xlsxSpecies TreeSpecies tree in Newick format.SpeciesTree_Newickusat_tree_cseA Cavalli-Sforza Edwards chord distance microsatellite tree.usat_outtree_cseusat_tree_neiNei;s distance microsatellite treeusat_outtree_neiusat_tree_reyReynolds distance microsatellite treeusat_outtree_reyCytb_sequence_alignmentsAligned Mitochondrial cytb sequences for each locationCB.txtNuclear_508_sequence_alignmentAligned nuclear marker 508 sequences for all locations508.txtNuclear_517_sequence_alignmentAligned nuclear marker 517 sequences for all locations517.txtNuclear_520_sequence_alignmentAligned nuclear marker 520 sequences for all locations.520.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9jm13
title: Data from: Divergence in mating signals correlates with genetic distance and behavioural responses to playback

description: Animals use acoustic signals to defend resources against rivals and
 attract breeding partners. As with many biological traits, acoustic
 signals may reflect ancestry; closely related species often produce more
 similar signals than do distantly related species. Whether this similarity
 in acoustic signals is biologically relevant to animals is poorly
 understood. We conducted a playback experiment to measure the physical and
 vocal responses of male songbirds to the songs of both conspecific and
 allopatric-congeneric animals that varied in their acoustic and genetic
 similarity. Our subjects were territorial males of four species of
 neotropical Troglodytes wrens: Brown-throated Wrens (Troglodytes
 brunneicollis), Cozumel Wrens (T. beani), Clarion Wrens (T. tanneri), and
 Socorro Wrens (T. sissonii). Our results indicate that birds respond to
 playback of both conspecific and allopatric-congeneric animals; that
 acoustic differences increase with genetic distance; and that genetic
 divergence predicts the strength of behavioural responses to playback,
 after removing the effects of acoustic similarity between subjects’ songs
 and playback stimuli. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the
 most distantly related species have the most divergent songs, that male
 wrens perceive divergence in fine structural characteristics of songs, and
 that perceptual differences between species reflect evolutionary history.
 This study offers novel insight into the importance of acoustic divergence
 of learned signals and receiver responses in species recognition.
description: Playback responses PCA
 ScoresInformation containing
 the species subject, treatment, stimulus species, and the two factors
 summarizing physical and vocal responses to playback extracted using
 PCAAcoustic Euclidean
 distancesAcoustic Euclidean
 distances between subject songs and stimulus songs.Acoustic Ecludian
 distances.xlsxFactor Scores for
 Acoustic Euclidean distanceFactor scores extracted
 using PCA, summarizing variation in fine structural characteristics of all
 stimulus and focal species songs used in the analysis. These factors were
 used to calculate the acoustic Euclidean distance between focal song
 species and stimuli songs.PCA Scores for Acoustic
 Ecludian distance.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nb260
title: Data from: Effects of population characteristics and structure on estimates of effective population size in a house sparrow metapopulation

description: Effective population size (Ne) is a key parameter to understand
 evolutionary processes and the viability of endangered populations as it
 determines the rate of genetic drift and inbreeding. Low Ne can lead to
 inbreeding depression and reduced population adaptability. In this study
 we estimated contemporary Ne using genetic estimators (LDNE, ONeSAMP, MLNE
 and CoNe) as well as a demographic estimator in a natural insular house
 sparrow metapopulation. We investigated whether population characteristics
 (population size, sex ratio, immigration rate, variance in population
 size, and population growth rate) explained variation within and among
 populations in the ratio of effective to census population size (NeNc). In
 general, NeNc ratios increased with immigration rates. Genetic Ne was much
 larger than demographic Ne, probably due to a greater effect of
 immigration on genetic than demographic processes in local populations.
 Moreover, although estimates of genetic Ne seemed to track Nc quite well,
 the genetic Ne estimates were often larger than Nc within populations.
 Estimates of genetic Ne for the metapopulation were however within the
 expected range (
description: BaalsrudEtAl-GeneticNe-MolecularDataMicrosatellite genotypes for all individuals included in the studyBaalsrudEtA-GeneticNe-SingleSampleNeDataGenetic single-sample Ne-estimates and corresponding population characteristicsBaalsrudEtAl-GeneticNe-TemporalSamplesNeDataGenetic temporal samples Ne-estimates and corresponding population characteristicsDemographicNe-Datafile
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.700jq
title: Data from: Selection and constraints on offspring size-number trade-offs in sand lizards (Lacerta agilis)

description: The trade-off between offspring size and number is a central component of
 life-history theory, postulating that larger investment into offspring
 size inevitably decreases offspring number. This trade-off is generally
 discussed in terms of genetic, physiological or morphological constraints;
 however, as among-individual differences can mask individual trade-offs,
 the underlying mechanisms may be difficult to reveal. In this study, we
 use multivariate analyses to investigate whether there is a trade-off
 between offspring size and number in a population of sand lizards by
 separating among- and within-individual patterns using a 15-year data set
 collected in the wild. We also explore the ecological and evolutionary
 causes and consequences of this trade-off by investigating how a
 female's resource (condition)- vs. age-related size (snout-vent
 length) influences her investment into offspring size vs. number (OSN),
 whether these traits are heritable and under selection and whether the OSN
 trade-off has a genetic component. We found a negative correlation between
 offspring size and number within individual females and physical
 constraints (size of body cavity) appear to limit the number of eggs that
 a female can produce. This suggests that the OSN trade-off occurs due to
 resource constraints as a female continues to grow throughout life and,
 thus, produces larger clutches. In contrast to the assumptions of classic
 OSN theory, we did not detect selection on offspring size; however, there
 was directional selection for larger clutch sizes. The repeatabilities of
 both offspring size and number were low and we did not detect any additive
 genetic variance in either trait. This could be due to strong selection
 (past or current) on these life-history traits, or to insufficient
 statistical power to detect significant additive genetic effects. Overall,
 the findings of this study are an important illustration of how analyses
 of within-individual patterns can reveal trade-offs and their underlying
 causes, with potential evolutionary and ecological consequences that are
 otherwise hidden by among-individual variation.
description: Data OSN
 analysisData Selection
 analysisData Heritability
 analysisPedigree
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h016k
title: Data from: Psychiatric comorbidity in patients from the addictive disorders assistance units of Galicia: the COPSIAD study

description: The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of psychiatric
 comorbidity in patients under treatment within the addictive disorders
 assistance units of Galicia (Spain). Material and methods: A total of 64
 healthcare professionals performed clinical diagnosis of mental disorders
 (on DSM IV-TR criteria) in 2300 patients treated throughout March 2010 in
 21 addictive disorders assistance units. Results: 56.3% of patients with
 substance abuse/dependency also showed some other mental disorder, 42.2%
 of patients suffering from at least an Axis I condition and 20.2% from
 some Axis II condition. Mood and anxiety disorders and borderline and
 antisocial personality disorders were the most frequent disorders in both
 axes. Conclusions: A high comorbidity was found between mental and
 substance use disorders (SUD) in patients seen at the addictive disorders
 assistance units of Galicia.
description: 2012BASECOPSIAD ingles
 (2)The files that we submit
 do not contain any personally identifiable human subject
 information
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2jr4g
title: Data from: Conditional heteroskedasticity as a leading indicator of ecological regime shifts

description: Regime shifts are massive, often irreversible, re-arrangements of
 non-linear ecological processes that occur when systems pass critical
 transition points. Ecological regime shifts sometimes have severe
 consequences for human well-being including eutrophication in lakes,
 desertification, and species extinctions. Theoretical and laboratory
 evidence suggests that statistical anomalies may be detectable leading
 indicators of regime shifts in ecological time series, making it possible
 to foresee and potentially avert incipient regime shifts. Conditional
 heteroskedasticity is persistent variance which is characteristic of time
 series with clustered volatility. Here, we analyze conditional
 heteroskedasticity as a potential leading indicator of regime shifts in
 ecological time series. We evaluate conditional heteroskedasticity using
 ecological models with and without four types of critical transition. On
 approaching transition points, all time series contain significant
 conditional heteroskedasticity. This signal is detected hundreds of time
 steps in advance of the regime shift. Time series without regime shifts do
 not have significant conditional heteroskedasticity. Because probability
 values are easily associated with tests for conditional
 heteroskedasticity, detection of false positives in time series without
 regime shifts is minimized. This property reduces the need for a reference
 system to compare with the perturbed system.
description: Seekell_etal_DataData from the Seekell et al. conditional heteroskedasticity analysis of four stochastic ecosystem models, each with and without a regime shift. The data are provided in tables and parameter descriptions are in the table legends. Details, equations, and references for the models are in the main text of the paper.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.42p4q
title: Data from: Extreme operative temperatures are better descriptors of the thermal environment than mean temperatures

description: In ecological studies of thermal biology the thermal environment is most
 frequently described using the mean or other measures of central tendency
 in environmental temperatures. However, this procedure may hide
 biologically relevant thermal variation for ectotherms, potentially
 misleading interpretations. Extremes of operative temperatures (EOT) can
 help with this problem by bracketing the thermal environment of focal
 animals. Within this paper, we quantify how mean operative temperatures
 relate to the range of simultaneously available operative temperatures (a
 measure of error). We also show how EOT: 1) detect more thermal
 differences among microsites than measures of central tendency, like the
 mean OT, 2) allow inferring on microsite use by ectothermic animals, and
 3) clarify the relationships between field operative temperatures and
 temperatures measured at weather stations (WS). To do that, we explored
 operative temperatures measured at four sites of the Brazilian Caatingas
 and their correspondent nearest weather stations. We found that the daily
 mean OT can hide temperature ranges of 41 °C simultaneously available at
 our study sites. In addition, EOT detected more thermal differences among
 microsites than central quantiles. We also show how EOT allow inferring
 about microsite use of ectothermic animals in a given site. Finally, the
 daily maximum temperature and the daily temperature range measured at WSs
 predicted well the minimum available field OT at localities many
 kilometers away. Based on our results, we recommend the use of EOT,
 instead of mean OT, in thermal ecology studies.
description: temperature
 dataThis is the data set of
 temperatures collected and analysed.temperature.csv