cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.11
title: Effects of oxygen concentration on the torrefaction of woody biomass at temperatures below 300oc

description: Biomass is a renewable energy resource which is considered as an environmental friendly fuel by producing less CO2 emission when compared to that of fossil fuel. However, raw biomass has many drawbacks when compare with fossil fuel such as petroleum oil or coal. Firstly, biomass has low energy density. Secondly, fibrous nature of biomass causes the difficulty in size reduction. So, many techniques have been proposed to reduce those drawbacks and to improve the properties of biomass such as briquetting, biochar, bioslurry and torrefaction. Among these proposed technologies, torrefaction is considered to be very attractive due to its advantage in improve fuel volumetric energy density as well as increase grindability. Torrefaction is a pre-treatment technique, usually preformed in inert atmosphere at temperature below 300?C.It was found that the energy density as well as the higher heating value (HHV) was increased progressively at higher torrefaction temperature and at longer holding time. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the effect of oxygen concentrations at temperature below 300?C. In this study, woody biomass (Leucaena Leucocephala) was torrefied at 220, 240, and 260?C under the oxygen concentration of 2, 5, 10, and 22%. The gas formation rate during the torrefaction under the different oxygen concentrations was also examined in detail. It was found that the different oxygen concentrations affected significantly the reactivity of biomass during the torrefaction especially at 260?C. At 260?C, the high oxygen concentration affected significantly the chemical properties of the torrefied biomass.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.12
title: A comparison of catalytic and non-catalytic steam reforming of naphthalene used as biomass gasification tar model compound

description: One of the major issues in the biomass gasification technology is how to deal with the biomass tar. Tar is an undesirable product of biomass gasification because of the various problems associated with the condensation and formation of tar aerosols, which presents significant impediment to the application of biomass gasification systems. Catalytic and noncatalytic tar steam reforming were studied in this research by using naphthalene as a model tar compound. The experiments were conducted in a lab-scale fixed bed reactor operated at 800?C. Catalytic performance on naphthalene decomposition was compared among experiment without catalyst, with 12%Fe/Al2O3, 3%Ni-12%Fe/Al2O3 and 12%Ni3%Fe/Al2O3 catalysts. The results showed that low amount of Ni added, i.e. the case of 3%Ni-12%Fe/Al2O3 catalyst, gave the higher catalytic performance in tar steam reforming when compared with the case of 12%Fe/Al2O3 catalyst and with 12%Ni-3%Fe/Al2O3 catalyst. The carbon conversion into gas was increased to around 27% with the highest production of H2 and CO (i.e. around 37 and 15 mmol/g feed, respectively) among all the cases. This was probably due to the presence of Ni-Fe bimetallic particles on the catalyst.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.13
title: The application of a genetic algorithm to estimate kinetic parameters for biomass pyrolysis from thermogravemetric data

description: A kinetic study of the pyrolysis process of rice straw was investigated using a thermogravimetric analysis, TGA and the weight loss was measure in nitrogen atmosphere. The samples were heated over a range of temperature from 298 K to 973 K with three different heating rates of 5, 10 and 15 K min-1. The kinetic triplet parameters such as activation energy E, pre-exponential A and reaction model f(?) were obtain by model fitting method which are exercised till date for evaluating the optimum overall kinetics parameters usually applied traditional gradient base optimization techniques but associated with major drawback of attaining global optimum due to uncertainties in selection of initial guess. To overcome such uncertainties and drawbacks, we have, applied the modern evolutionary optimization method (Genetic Algorithms, GA technique) for 14 models to attain the globally optimum kinetic parameters using the experimental TGA data and we did compare the experimental and simulated data to expect the possible mechanism to occur during pyrolysis. As rice straw case studies, the suitability of the models is also tested using the AIC score. 3D diffusion model is the best suited one and it also predicted the experimental TGA data successfully. The Avarami-Erofe'ev nucleation models also show good AIC score and well predicted the experimental TGA data.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.14
title: Modeling of continuous operation esterification of fatty acid catalyzed by Amberlyst15 in the presence of molecular sieve

description: The esterification is reaction that can convert fatty acid from vegetable oil to biodiesel. This is alternative biodiesel production in case of feedstock contains high free fatty acid (FFA) content. In this study, the model of continuous esterification in the presence of solid acid catalyst was developed and simulated at different methanol/FFA molar ratios and reactant flow rates. Importantly, the effect of molecular sieve adding on FFA conversion and product yield were determined. The results demonstrate that conversion of FFA can reach to 99% when molecular sieve along with catalyst were added due to the water adsorbed by molecular sieve, resulting the equilibrium of the esterification reaction more shifted to biodiesel.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.15
title: Hydrotreating of carboxylic acids using SBA-15 mesoporous supported NiMo catalyst by micro waves in a fixed bed reactor

description: In the present study, hydrogenation of carboxylic acid was performed in a continuous manner, using Micro Waves (MW), and a sulfide catalyst. SBA-15 supported NiMo hydrotreating catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method and synthesized NiMo on AlSBA-15 and ZrSBA-15 in order to investigate the role of support acidity. Extrudates of the supported NiMo powders were prepared and sulfided. Octanoic acid in dodecane (10%) was introduced in the continuous flow reactor by the mean of an HPLC pump and co-feeded with hydrogen at a working pressure of 0.5 MPa, while varying the reaction parameters such as temperature and feed flow rate (0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 ml/min). Power applied to the monomodal cavity varies in the range of 15-150 W and corresponding temperature from 200-350?C. Catalysts and supports were characterized by small- and wide-angle XRD, N2-physisorption (BET, BJH), HRTEM, ICPMS, UV-vis, 27Al MAS-NMR and NH3-TPD. The result of thermal response of MW found that the extrudates of SBA-15 (with or without Al or Zr) exhibit a strong MW response. The comparison of catalytic activity shows that all SBA-15 supported NiMo catalysts exhibit the same activity but the selectivity as compared to NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts was different.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.16
title: Production of liquid bio-fuel from biomass by degradative solvent extraction at 350 oC

description: Rice straw was subjected to a degradative solvent extraction method that treats biomass in a non-hydrogen donor below 350?C. In this study, we used 1-Methylnaphthalene (1-MN) and Biodiesel from palm oil (B-100) as a solvent. Rice straw is extracted in the solvent at 350?C, under pressure, using a batch autoclave. Then, after the extraction, the residue will be separated from the solvent by filtration. The Soluble fraction, which is solubilized in the solvent, will be upgraded by catalytic hydrogenation. It was found that the amount of C-21 in the soluble fraction decreased significantly, while the amount of C-12, C-14, C-16, C-18, and C-20 increased after the hydrogenation at desired condition. It is suggested that B-100 has potential as a solvent in order to produce liquid bio fuel.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.17
title: Polyhydroxyalkanoate production from palm oil factory wastes and its application for 3-hydroxyalkanoate methyl esters as biofuels

description: Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) synthesized and stored in the various microorganism cell cytoplasms. In this study, the palm oil factory wastes; liquid after squeezing the empty fruit branch (LEFB), palm oil mill effluent (POME) and biogas tank effluent (BTE), was used as substrate for PHA production. The result showed that POME gave the highest dry cell weight (DCW) of 2.97 g/L and PHA production of 2.27 g/L. Then POME was selected for the large amount of PHA production in 5 L aeration reactor and then acid hydrolysis for 3-Hydroxyalkanoate methyl esters (3HAME) production. The 44.4% of 3HAME content was obtained. The properties of 3HAME has met the regulation standard of ASTM D6751-07 with a heating value, methyl ester content, flash point and pour point of 32.9 KJ/g, 96.8%, 132?C and 7?C, respectively. Therefore, the 3HAME from extracted PHA using POME as a sole carbon source has a feasibility to be an alternative biodiesel fuel.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc268jst
title: CCDC 2033996: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.18
title: Upgrading of model bio-oil by catalytic hydrodeoxygenation using CoMo/Al2O3 and NiMo/Al2O3 catalysts

description: Bio-oil produced from fast pyrolysis of biomass is a potential candidate to replace conventional fossil-derived fuels. However, the fast pyrolysis derived oil generally has a high oxygen content (15-25% wt) that makes it unstable, corrosive and low in heating value. The aim of this study is to upgrade the properties of pyrolysis bio-oil by catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). To eliminate the inconsistent properties of real bio-oil for the experiment, a model bio-oil, which was a mixture of chemicals at proportions simulating bio-oil derived from eucalyptus bark reported in a previous study, was used as the sample. The experiment was conducted in a high pressure autoclave reactor operated on a batch mode at temperatures of 250-350?C, and under pressure of H2 in the presence of CoMo and NiMo catalysts. The results show that oxygen removal could be achieved and was favored by the increase in temperature. The NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited a higher activity for oxygen removal than did the CoMo/Al2O3 catalyst. Initial pressure of H2 was another factor that affects deoxygenation efficiency. The higher the initial pressure, the higher the deoxygenation efficiency.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc268jtv
title: CCDC 2033997: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc269v1f
title: CCDC 2035244: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc269v2g
title: CCDC 2035245: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc269v3h
title: CCDC 2035246: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.19
title: Hydrogen production from dry-reforming of biogas over Pt/Mg1-xNixO catalysts

description: Dry reforming of biogas carried out over Pt/Mg1-xNixO catalysts, where x= 0, 0.03, 0.07, and 0.15 with 1 wt% Pt for each, prepared by the co-precipitation method from aqueous solution of Ni(NO3)2.6H2O and Mg(NO3)2.6H2O using K2CO3, then the platinum(II)acetylacetonate impregnated on MgONiO. The synthesized catalysts analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, XRF, XPS, BET and TEM. at 700?C, the catalysts reduced by H2 prior to each reaction. The order of conversions of CO2 and CH4 at 900?C of the reduced catalysts after being on the stream for 200 h was as follows: Pt/Mg0.85Ni0.15O &gt; Pt/Mg0.93Ni0.07O &gt; Pt/Mg0.97Ni0.03O &gt; Pt/MgO with a CH4:CO2 mole ratio of 2:1 that displayed the best resistance to deactivation by carbon formation and formed high selectivity of H2 and CO. The dry reforming reaction was also carried out with the presence of low concentrations of oxygen (1.25%) flow and showed an enhancement in the conversion of CH4.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26vn7z
title: CCDC 2051401: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26vn80
title: CCDC 2051402: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26zhqf
title: CCDC 2055105: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2014.1
title: MINIMIZING THE NUMBER OF VEHICLESIDLING AT AN INTERSECTION

description: The objective of this project is to find an optimal solution minimizing the number of vehicles idling at the Kapiolani-McCully intersection during the evening peak period (6 pm - 8 pm), by assigning appropriate traffic signal times for each direction. This duration would also take into account pedestrian safety constraints, set by the US Federal Highway Administration, i.e., that standard walking rates for pedestrians should be 4 feet per second for safe crosswalk countdown times. Signal times for four directions, i.e., McCully straight turn, McCully left turn, Kapiolani straight turn, and Kapiolani left turn, were determined using linear programming based on queue length, crosswalk countdown time, and vehicle arrival rates. Average vehicle arrival rates for each direction were measured to calculate the cumulative number of vehicles waiting. Since all vehicles in all directions can use the ?right on red? rule for right turns without waiting for a green signal, the study focused on the number of vehicles waiting in the left-turn and straight-turn lanes. The study found that, in order to minimize the number of vehicles waiting under the constraints, a green-light time assigned for straight turns on McCully should be 23 seconds, a green-light time for straight turns on Kapiolani should be 20 seconds, and a green-light time of 9 seconds for all the left turns.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26zlmf
title: CCDC 2055195: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26zlng
title: CCDC 2055196: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26zlvn
title: CCDC 2055202: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jin-Guang Si, Hai-Xin Zhang, Meng Yu, Ling-Yu Li, Hong-Wu Zhang, Hong-Mei Jia, Li-Yan Ma, Ling-Ling Qin, Tao Zhang, Zhong-Mei Zou
|2021|J. Funct. Foods|83|104541|doi:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104541
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2014.2
title: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HYDRODYNAMIC DRAG OF WALLS IN NATURAL RIVER FLOWS

description: Hydrodynamic drag of a free-standing wall partially submerged in inundation flow was experimentally investigated in a natural river. A wall plate and sensors for measuring drag force, fluid velocity, and water depth were installed in a testing frame made of stainless steel. Regulator plates were immersed on the river bed in the up and down streams of the frame to provide a uniform and steady flow in the testing area. The drag coefficient CD was significantly influenced by Froude number Fr, but not by Reynolds number Re. The CD had a minimum value slightly over 1.0 at around Fr =1.0, and increased up to 2.0 with the changes of Fr toward 0.5 and 2.0. The blockage ratio of the wall in the flume showed a large effect on the CD for subcritical flow (Fr &lt;1.0), but little effect for supercritical flow (Fr &gt;1.0). The formula CD =1.0+Fr 2/4, is suitable to the test data for Fr &gt;1.0, but underestimates Fr &lt;1.0.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc276xm0
title: CCDC 2062232: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Shengyu Dai, Gen Li, Weiqing Lu, Yudan Liao, Weigang Fan|2021|Polym.Chem.|12|3240|doi:10.1039/D1PY00333J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc276xp2
title: CCDC 2062234: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Shengyu Dai, Gen Li, Weiqing Lu, Yudan Liao, Weigang Fan|2021|Polym.Chem.|12|3240|doi:10.1039/D1PY00333J
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.20
title: Bio-oil upgrading using iron and mesoporous silica-alumina catalysts

description: Deoxygenation of bio-oil by mesoporous silica-alumina (MSAl), Fe-loaded mesoporous silica (MSFe) and Fe-loaded mesoporous silica-alumina (MSAl/Fe) catalysts with different Al and Fe contents was studied. The amount of Al and Fe in the prepared catalysts was 1-10 mol% and 1-10 wt%, respectively. Oil yield after catalytic cracking tests by these catalysts was not significantly low (31.2-52.8 wt%) compared to the oil content of the raw bio-oil (67.3 wt%). Water content (32.7 wt% in raw bio-oil) was remarkably lowered to less than 10 wt% by all catalysts. Moreover, calorific value of raw bio-oil (22.5 MJ kg-1) increased to 30-31.8 MJ kg-1 after cracking. Oxygen content in the produced oil decreased with increasing Al content. Although Fe showed a suppressing effect of deoxygenation, an addition of Fe increased H/C ratio of oil. Deoxygenation by MSAl-10/Fe-10, which is the catalyst with the highest Al and Fe contents, produced an oil with the least oxygen content and relatively high H/C ratio among the studied catalysts.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27hr0j
title: CCDC 2070707: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Sebastian Förtsch, Elena Mena-Osteritz, Peter Bäuerle|2021|Polym.Chem.|12|3332|doi:10.1039/D1PY00479D
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.21
title: Overview of biofuels sustainability and future in ASEAN context

description: This review was motivated by the notion of intergenerational equity, which inherently should contain the concept of sustainability. Six kinds of biofuel feedstock were compared with three different principles of sustainability; social, economical, and environmental. The types were: Palm oil, soybeans, jatropha, cassava, sugarcane, and lignocellulosic biomass. ASEAN region figures were used for comparison when attainable. On all three accounts the best result were gained from lignocellulosic biomass and the two types of feedstock that were chosen to represent the larger class of lignocellulosic biomass; Napier- and switchgrass. They were used to emulate feedstock cultivation for biofuel purposes rather than using agricultural waste. Jatropha's low yield keeps it from being a serious contender. Lastly, the high price of palm oil keeps it from being an economical feedstock, but necessary as a food oil.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.22
title: Characterization of lignin extracted from eucalyptus wood chip by organosolv and subsequent alkaline precipitation processes

description: The present work studied the characteristics of lignin extracted from eucalyptus wood chip by organosolv (as called organosolv lignin; OL), and organosolv subsequent alkaline precipitation (as called organosolv lignin subsequent alkaline precipitation; OLA). It is noted that lignin from soda process (as called soda lignin; SL) was also characterized for comparison. In detail, OL was fractionated using ternary mixture of methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK): methanol: water in the presence with 0.008 M of H2SO4 acid promoters at 180?C for 60 min. Then, it was characterized by Klason lignin, elemental analysis, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform-Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to determinate the physico-chemical properties and structural features. When compared with OLA, the result of FT-IR proved the OL structure not changed when OL was treated with alkaline precipitation. Moreover; organosolv subsequent alkaline precipitation could remove the contaminations content of OL (i.e. sugar, sulfur, MIBK) due to their association between lignin and contaminations.
DOI: 10.12755/jgsee.res.2014.23
title: Effectiveness of transesterification catalysts on biodiesel production from 11 types of oils

description: Transesterification from 11 types of oils (soybean, palm, rice bran, Sunflower, corn, Camellia Oleifera, olive, Canola flower, sesame, animal and kitchen used oil) were studied. Biodiesel production by using NaOH, KOH, H2SO4, HCL and Sodium methoxide as catalysts were carried out. The reaction mechanism was proposed and the separate effects of reaction temperature, molar ratio of methanol to oil, mass ratio of catalyst to oil and repeated experiments were investigated. The results showed that the yield of biodiesel production by Sodium methoxide catalyst was accessed in Canola flower oil and had percentage of yield more than others. The test results of heating value of Canola flower oil biodiesel was 48,043 kJ/kg, pH 5-7 and viscosity 0.7-4 Centistokes. The results proved that transesterification of Canola flower oil to biodiesel using Sodium methoxide as a catalyst is a commercially viable way to decrease the costs of biodiesel production.