cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413124
title: Re-assessment of the climatic controls on the carbon and water fluxes of a boreal aspen forest over 1996-2016: changing sensitivity to long-term climatic conditions

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;Recent evidence suggests that the relationships between climate and boreal tree growth are generally non-stationary; however, it remains uncertain whether the relationships between climate and carbon (C) fluxes of boreal forests are stationary or have changed over recent decades. In this study, we used continuous eddy-covariance and microclimate data over 21 years (1996-2016) from a 100-year-old trembling aspen stand in central Saskatchewan, Canada to assess the relationships between climate and ecosystem C and water fluxes. Over the study period, the most striking climatic event was a severe, 3-year drought (2001-2003). Gross ecosystem production (GEP) showed larger interannual variability than ecosystem respiration (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt;) over 1996-2016, but &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt; was the dominant component contributing to the interannual variation in net ecosystem production (NEP) during post-drought years. The inter-annual variations in evapotranspiration (ET) and C fluxes were primarily driven by temperature and secondarily by water availability. Two-factor linear models combining precipitation and temperature performed well in explaining the inter-annual variation in C and water fluxes (&lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&gt;0.5). The temperature dependence of all three C fluxes (NEP, GEP and &lt;em&gt;R&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;e&lt;/sub&gt;) declined over 1996-2015 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&lt;0.05), and as a result, the phenological controls on annual NEP weakened. The decreasing temperature sensitivity of the C fluxes over 1996-2015 may reflect changes in forest structure, related to the over-maturity of the aspen stand at 100-years of age and exacerbated by high tree mortality following the severe 2001-2003 drought. These results may provide an early warning signal of driver shift or even an abrupt status shift of aspen forest dynamics. They may also imply a universal weakening in the relationship between temperature and GEP as forests become over-mature, associated with the structural and compositional changes that accompany forest ageing.&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413125
title: Signature of climate-induced changes in seafood species served in restaurants

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p style="text-align:start;text-indent:0px;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-style:normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="letter-spacing:normal;"&gt;&lt;span style="white-space:normal;"&gt;Climate change is causing shifts in biogeography of marine species, towards higher latitude, deeper waters, or following local temperature gradients. Such species distribution changes are affecting global fisheries through increasing the dominance of warmer-water preferred species as ocean temperature increases. Previous modeling analyses projected that climate-induced changes in seafood availability would affect the entire seafood chain. However, observed climate impacts on seafood retailers and consumers have rarely been demonstrated. Seafood restaurants usually rely on the supply of locally caught species, and thus the impacts of changing catches on the food they serve, and consequently on their diners, may be reflected in their menus. In this study, 362 restaurant menus from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, were collated and analyzed over four different time periods (1880–1960, 1961–1980, 1981–1996, and 2019–2021). Moreover, 148 present-day menus from two other cities north (Anchorage, AK, USA) and south (Los Angeles, CA, USA) of Vancouver were also collected. An index, herein called Mean Temperature of Restaurant Seafood (MTRS), was calculated from the average temperature preference of the species of seafood identified in the menus for each time period or location. Overall, the MTRS of menus from Vancouver increased from 10.7 ± 0.7 °C to 13.8 ± 1.0 °C (95% confidence intervals) between 1888–1960 and 2019–2021. Present-day MTRS was among the highest in Los Angeles (16.5 ± 1.7 °C) and lowest in Anchorage (9.6 ± 1.0 °C). The temporal and spatial variations in MTRS are significantly related to observed patterns of average sea surface temperature and the Mean Temperature of the Catch. This suggests that restaurant menus may be used as a complementary information source regarding changes in marine ecosystems and fisheries and the seafood sector’s responses to these changes. This study also highlights the value of using unconventional information sources and their applications in the detection of climate impacts on oceans and their dependent human communities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413146
title: Foot-mounted inertial sensor data from real-world walking

description: Dataset includes summary data for 7 gait-specific outcomes derived from a shoe-mounted inertial sensor during real-world walking. The data were analyzed to determine the number of steps needed to reach stability, and the percentage of similar data points at the stability point.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413225
title: Genome-scale phylogeography resolves the native population structure of the Asian longhorned beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky)

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;Human assisted movement has allowed the Asian longhorned beetle (ALB, &lt;em&gt;Anoplophora glabripennis&lt;/em&gt; (Motschulsky)) to spread beyond its native range and become a globally regulated invasive pest. Within its native range of China and the Korean peninsula, human-mediated dispersal has also caused cryptic translocation of insects, resulting in population structure complexity. Previous studies used genetic methods to detangle this complexity but were unable to clearly delimit native populations which is needed to develop downstream biosurveillance tools. We used genome-wide markers to define historical population structure in native ALB populations and contemporary movement between regions. We used genotyping-by-sequencing to generate 6,102 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and amplicon sequencing to genotype 53 microsatellites. In total, we genotyped&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;712 individuals from&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span lang="EN-US"&gt;ALB’s native distribution. We observed six distinct population clusters among native ALB populations, with a clear delineation between northern and southern groups. Most of the individuals from South Korea were distinct from populations in China. Our results also indicate historical divergence among populations and suggest limited large-scale admixture, but we did identify a restricted number of cases of contemporary movement between regions. We identified SNPs under selection and describe a clinal allele frequency pattern in a missense variant associated with glycerol kinase, an important enzyme in the utilization of an insect cryoprotectant. We further demonstrate that small numbers of SNPs can assign individuals to geographic regions with high probability, paving the way for novel ALB biosurveillance tools.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413228
title: Dancing drives evolution of sexual size dimorphism in manakins

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Body size mediates life history, physiology, and inter- and intra-specific interactions. Within species, sexes frequently differ in size, reflecting divergent selective pressures and/or constraints. Both sexual selection and differences in environmentally-mediated reproductive constraints can drive sexual size dimorphism, but empirically testing causes of dimorphism is challenging. Manakins (Pipridae), a family of Neotropical birds comprising ~50 species, exhibit both male- and female-biased size dimorphism and are distributed across gradients of precipitation and elevation. Males perform courtship displays ranging from simple hops to complex aerobatic manoeuvres. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;We tested associations between sexual size dimorphism and (a) agility and (b) environment, analysing morphological, behavioural, and environmental data for 22 manakin species in a phylogenetic framework. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang="EN-GB"&gt;Sexual dimorphism in mass was most strongly related to agility, with males being lighter than females in species performing more aerial display behaviours. However, wing and tarsus length dimorphism were more strongly associated with environmental variables, suggesting that different sources of selection act on different aspects of body size. These results highlight both the strength of sexual selection in shaping morphology—even atypical patterns of dimorphism—while demonstrating the importance of constraints and ecological consequences of body size evolution.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413206
title: Supplemental S1; Ritter et al. Public attitudes toward different management scenarios for “surplus” dairy calves

description: Supplemental S1; Ritter et al. Public attitudes toward different management scenarios for “surplus” dairy calves
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413694
title: Measuring lameness prevalence: effects of case definition and assessment frequency

description: Data from an observational longitudinal study exploring lameness definitions, assessment frequencies and association between the lameness definitions and parity of dairy cattle. The data was collected at UBC dairy education and research farm. A sample of 282 cows were locomotion scored weekly and were followed from calving till 12 weeks in lactation.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413647
title: Hybrid evolution repeats itself across environmental contexts in Texas sunflowers (Helianthus)

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;To what extent is evolution repeatable? Little is known about whether the evolution of hybrids is more (or less) repeatable than non-hybrids. We used field experimental evolution in annual sunflowers (&lt;em&gt;Helianthus&lt;/em&gt;) in Texas to ask the extent to which hybrid evolution is repeatable across environments compared to non-hybrid controls. We created hybrids between &lt;em&gt;Helianthus annuus&lt;/em&gt; (L.) and &lt;em&gt;H. debilis&lt;/em&gt; (Nutt.) and grew plots of both hybrids and non-hybrid controls through eight generations at three sites in Texas. We collected seeds from each generation and grew each generation × treatment × home site combination at two final common gardens. We estimated the strength and direction of evolution in terms of fitness and 24 traits, tested for repeated versus non-repeated evolution, and assessed overall phenotypic evolution across lineages and in relation to a locally adapted phenotype. Hybrids consistently evolved higher fitness over time while controls did not, though trait evolution varied in strength across home sites. Repeated evolution was more evident in hybrids versus non-hybrid controls, and hybrid evolution was often in the direction of the locally adapted phenotype. Our findings have implications for both the nature of repeatability in evolution and the contribution of hybridization to evolution across environmental contexts.&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.14288/1.0413648
title: Data from: A trait‒environment relationship approach to participatory plant breeding for organic agriculture

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;The extent of intraspecific variation in trait‒environment relationships is an open question with limited empirical support in crops. In organic agriculture, with high environmental heterogeneity, this knowledge could guide breeding programs to optimize crop attributes. We propose a three-dimensional framework involving crop performance, crop traits, and environmental axes to uncover the multidimensionality of trait‒environment relationships within a crop. &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We modeled instantaneous photosynthesis (&lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;sat&lt;/sub&gt;) and water-use efficiency (WUE) as functions of four phenotypic traits, three soil variables, five carrot (&lt;em&gt;D. carota&lt;/em&gt;) varieties, and their interactions in a national participatory plant breeding program involving a suite of farms across Canada. We used these interactions to describe the resulting 12 trait‒environment relationships across varieties.  &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;We found one significant trait‒environment relationship for &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;sat&lt;/sub&gt; (taproot tissue density‒soil phosphorus), which was consistent across varieties. For WUE, we found that three relationships (petiole diameter‒soil nitrogen, petiole diameter‒soil phosphorus, and leaf area‒soil phosphorus) varied significantly across varieties. As a result, WUE was maximized by different combinations of trait values and soil conditions depending on the variety.  &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Our three-dimensional framework supports the identification of functional traits behind the differential responses of crop varieties to environmental variation and thus guides breeding programs to optimize crop attributes from an eco-evolutionary perspective. &lt;/p&gt;