cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/551756fd-77ea-479f-8bc9-f0437c6aead6
title: Fitness traits of experimentally selfed and outcrossed Eschscholzia californica plants

description: This dataset contains measures of fitness traits from Eschscholzia californica progeny which were experimentally supplemented with selfed or outcrossed pollen to determine the effects of self-fertilisation on a plant which has a low propensity to self. A glasshouse experiment was conducted using 40 plants. On each plant two flowers were emasculated and the first supplemented with outcrossed pollen and the second with self-pollen. From each supplemented plant,  a seed was sowed from the outcrossed fruit and from the selfed fruit. The following fitness traits were recorded; the germination rate, the duration from germination to reproductive maturity (time of first flower), together with the height (cm) and biomass (number of flowers and buds) at reproductive maturity. The dataset was part of a larger experiment looking at the effect of floral resources on the pollination services to isolated plants. 
description: We performed a glasshouse experiment using 40 artificially crossed plants. On each plant, we emasculated two flowers and supplemented the first with outcrossed pollen and the second with self-pollen. This involved methodically wiping two dehiscing anthers from a donor plant or the focal plant onto the receptive stigma with dissecting tweezers, before covering it in fine muslin. From each supplemented plant, we sowed a seed from the outcrossed fruit and from the selfed fruit (given that selfed fruits predominantly only produced one seed) into 1L pots. These were then stored under glasshouse conditions before the fitness traits were measured.
DOI: 10.5285/3b44375a-cbe6-468c-9395-41471054d0f3
title: Multi-tier archetypes to characterise British landscapes, farmland and farming practices

description: This dataset consists of landscape and agricultural management archetypes (1 km resolution) at three levels, defined by different opportunities for adaptation. Tier 1 archetypes quantify broad differences in soil, land cover and population across Great Britain, which cannot be readily influenced by the actions of land managers; Tier 2 archetypes capture more nuanced variations within farmland-dominated landscapes of Great Britain, over which land managers may have some degree of influence. Tier 3 archetypes are built at national levels for England and Wales and focus on socioeconomic and agro-ecological characteristics within farmland-dominated landscapes, characterising differences in farm management. The unavailability of several input variables for agricultural management prevented the generation of Tier 3 archetypes for Scotland.

The archetypes were derived by data-driven machine learning. The three tiers of archetypes were analysed separately and not as a nested structure (i.e. a single Tier 3 archetype can occur in more than one Tier 2 archetype), predominantly to ensure that archetype definitions were easily interpreted across tiers. 
description: Archetype data were generated from various spatial socioeconomic and bio-physical layers. These data were analysed using Self-Organising Maps (SOMs), which reduce the dimensions and cluster the data into similar groupings. This creates a pre-set number of Land System Archetypes, each associated with a group of representative 1km cells, at each tier.

SOMs were run iteratively 1000 times to gain a measure of the consistency of the production of each set of Archetypes. Data are provided with a measure (Euclidean distance) of the accuracy of the assignment of archetypes for each 1km cell. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the inclusion of different data.
DOI: 10.5285/b8fc9e84-c837-4ecf-a638-c0ef0900b9c3
title: European Monitoring and Evaluation Program Model for the UK (EMEP4UK) daily ozone and particulate matter surface concentration for Southeast Asia for 2019 with and without forest fire emissions

description: This dataset is a model output from the European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP) model for the UK (EMEP4UK) driven by the Weather and Research Forecast model meteorology (WRF) applied to Southeast Asia.  It provides daily average concentration of ozone and PM2.5, PM10 and ozone on a 0.1° x 0.1° grid for 2019  for 2 scenarios: (1) A baseline run (BASE) including wildfire emissions and (2) A scenario without wildfire emissions (NOFF). 
The EMEP4UK model version used here is rv5.0, and the WRF model version is 4.4.2.
This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council as part of the NC for Global Challenges programme [NE/X006247/1] delivering National Capability.

description: The EMEP4UK atmospheric chemistry transport model calculated daily average concentrations for a model domain covering Southeast Asia with a resolution of 0.1° x 0.1°. 
The data are processed from the full EMEP4UK model output to a subset containing essential variables only. The Climate Data Operators version 1.9.10 was used to subset the model output.
Your use of the content of this dataset is entirely at your own risk. We make no warranty or guarantee that the content is error free or fit for your intended use.
DOI: 10.5285/d07fe8a7-d4da-43e5-834d-e1b0f4cff0ac
title: Macroinvertebrate composition of Welsh upland rivers in response to organic matter addition (2013)

description: These data are macroinvertebrate composition and size in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the benthic macroinvertebrate communities of the studied streams, Surber net sampling was used to collect monthly samples during 2013 in January (before deciduous leaf addition) and from February to April (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. Some of the collected individuals were used to characterise the invertebrate biomass of each reach. 

The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity responds to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Hugh Feeley and Marian Pye, were in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the invertebrate samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme.
description: Each stream was divided into an upstream control zone and a downstream experimental zone. Deciduous leaves were added directly to the stream and by fixing 'Onion bags' of leaves the stream bed and bank. Samples were collected using surber nets on five occasions, January (3-16/01/2013), February (4-7/02/2013), March (11-14/03/2013), April (3-8/04/2013) and May (22-26/05/2013) in all the streams in both the upstream reference zones and downstream experimental zones. Samples were immediately preserved in 70 per cent industrial methylated spirit (IMS) on-site. In the laboratory, samples were rinsed in tap water over a 350 micrometre sieve, and all macroinvertebrates were separated from debris and preserved in 70 per cent IMS. Results were recorded in an Excel spreadsheet. Data was exported to a comma separated file for ingestion into the Environmental Information Data Centre (EIDC).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17601072
title: Poiseuille flow dataset

description: Poiseuille flow refers to the flow of a liquid through a pipe with a fixed pressure difference applied across it. The current dataset considers a diameter-based Reynolds number of 50, thus in the laminar flow regime. This makes it a special case of the Navier-Stokes equations in which the flow is steady and no turbulence model needs to be applied. The governing equations have been solved using MARIN's in-house CFD code, ReFRESCO, on a range of numerical grids - these have been structured and unstructured and with varying cell counts. Pressure correction equation matrices have been exported from the solver for the different grids at various stages of the solver convergence, leading to the creation of the dataset.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17601073
title: Poiseuille flow dataset

description: Poiseuille flow refers to the flow of a liquid through a pipe with a fixed pressure difference applied across it. The current dataset considers a diameter-based Reynolds number of 50, thus in the laminar flow regime. This makes it a special case of the Navier-Stokes equations in which the flow is steady and no turbulence model needs to be applied. The governing equations have been solved using MARIN's in-house CFD code, ReFRESCO, on a range of numerical grids - these have been structured and unstructured and with varying cell counts. Pressure correction equation matrices have been exported from the solver for the different grids at various stages of the solver convergence, leading to the creation of the dataset.
DOI: 10.5285/0fbb2c90-5b54-427a-a083-55c022802a80
title: Biological characteristics, liver metal concentrations, habitat biogeochemistry and habitat contamination sources of UK otters (2006-2017)

description: The dataset details the biological characteristics and concentrations of toxic metals/semi-metals in liver tissue from 278 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra) that died across England and Wales during the period 2006-2017. 

For each otter carcass, location (National Grid Reference) was recorded. These locations were used to collate data describing spatial variation in stream and soil biochemistry, weather, and potential anthropogenic sources of contaminants in the otter's habitat from a range of sources. 

This data was collected as part of the Cardiff University Otter Project. This project was supported in part by a grant from the Esme Fairbairn Foundation. The CEH contribution was supported the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCaPE programme delivering National Capability. This study contains model estimates of topsoil properties [Countryside Survey] and British Geological Survey data owned by © NERC as well as Ordnance Survey data owned by © Crown copyright and database right 2007. 
description: Carcasses from 278 Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra), sent in to Cardiff University Otter Project (www.cardiff.ac.uk/otter-project) between 2006 and 2017, were subjected to a detailed post-mortem examination. This examination included the documentation of phenotypic characteristics (e.g. sex, length, weight, age class) and the collection of liver tissue samples. Liver tissue samples were acid digested after which toxic metals/semi-metals were quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology in Lancaster.

For each otter carcass, location (National Grid Reference) and date of collection was recorded. Otter locations were used as the centre of 20-km-diameter circles that were assumed to be the otter's habitat range. For each 20-km-diameter circle, data describing spatial variation in habitat biogeochemistry and habitat contamination sources was collated from a range of sources.

Geological and anthropogenic variables were summarised  either as  mean values (soil elements, soil pH, sediment elements, stream pH, rainfall, silver nanoparticle concentrations in surface water, human population density) or  sum values (number of consented discharges to controlled waters, annual mass inputs of metals to controlled waters).
DOI: 10.5285/3590613d-c462-4972-a27b-d2245e0e93a0
title: Monthly ammonia measurements from passive samplers using ALPHA® PTFE1020 membrane at four UK Eutrophying and Acidifying Pollutants (UKEAP) network sites, 2021

description: This dataset consists of monthly ammonia (NH3) measurements from ALPHA® (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) samplers co-located with UKEAP DELTA sites from January 2021 to December 2021. The UK Eutrophying and Acidifying Atmospheric Pollutants (UKEAP) network measures air pollutants at rural sites across the UK. Originally the purpose of these measurements was for validation of new PTFE membrane for ALPHA® samplers prepared at UKCEH Edinburgh research laboratory. 
description: Local site operator duties are completed by UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (UKCEH) staff, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI) staff at Hillsborough and Ricardo AEA staff at Chilbolton. Analysis is completed by the UKCEH Edinburgh. Data analysis and preparation is conducted using the AAGA (Ammonia Acids Gases and Aerosols) data processing tool. AAGA is a database designed to introduce more reliable, reproductible and traceable way of handling data from ALPHA® samplers.
DOI: 10.5285/b23d63d1-dcc5-4c49-a6b5-67154f3739b7
title: Relative surface soil moisture for the Thames Valley, United Kingdom, October 2015 to September 2021

description: This dataset includes relative surface soil moisture across the Thames Valley, between October 2015 and September 2021, using backscatter radar data collected using the ESA Sentinel-1 Constellation.

Radar backscatter was normalised to 40 incidence angle, using a novel monthly normalisation parameterisation.
description: Sentinel-1 IWGRDH data (VV Pol) went through the following processing steps:
•	Extraction
•	Orbital Correction
•	Thermal and Border Noise Removal
•	Calibration
•	Speckle Filtering (Refined Lee)
•	Terrain Correction
•	Conversion to dB
•	Subsetting
•	Look Incidence Angle Normalisation
•	Dynamic Masking (removing anomolus data)
•	Spatial Averaging to 100m resolution
•	rSSM Calculation
Full explanation of lineage and methodology can be found here: 10.1109/TGRS.2022.3175256
DOI: 10.5285/df65085c-d376-413e-9fbc-984f7b332878
title: Macroinvertebrates of two abstracted streams: taxon data

description: The data consist of species level descriptions of macroinvertebrate communities from two abstracted streams in the Lowther catchment, UK, upstream and downstream of abstraction points. Supporting habitat and geographical data are included.
description: The waterbodies studied are both tributaries of the Lowther, a sub-catchment of the Eden (Cumbria) catchment. The Heltondale Beck has a total length of 25.1 km and a catchment area of 11.8 square kilometres. The Howes Beck (also known as the Cawdale Beck) has a total length of 17.5 km and a catchment area of 9.1 square kilometres.

Sampling took place on the 23rd and 24th September 2010. Sampling reaches were selected approximately 100 metres upstream and downstream of water abstraction points in two streams, the Howes Beck and the Heltondale Beck. Location was recorded on Global Positioning System and a 100 metres sampling reach established around these locations within which the survey was carried out (50 meters upstream and 50 meters downstream). Water depth (centimetres) and wetted width (meters) were recorded at the centre of the 100m reaches as a mean of three readings. Map variables and geology were derived for those point locations using the Intelligent River Network (Version 17), which was first described in Dawson, F. H., Hornby, D. D., & Hilton, J. (2002). A method for the automated extraction of environmental variables to help the classification of rivers in Britain. In Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (Vol. 12, Issue 4, pp. 391–403). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.534

The habitats in the100 metre reaches were assessed using the River Habitat Survey (RHS) method, for which the standard protocol is described in: Environment Agency. (2003) River Habitat Survey in Britain and Ireland. Field Survey Guidance Manual: 2003 version Environment Agency, Bristol , UK.

For macroinvertebrate sampling, five riffles were chosen at random within the 100 metre sampling reaches. Macroinvertebrate samples were collected from each of the five riffles using a Surber sample with a mesh size of 250 micrometer and sampling area of 0.0625 square meteres, disturbing the substrate by hand in the sample area to a depth of approximately 5 cm. Samples were then washed into plastic sample bags, labelled and were preserved with a 4 percent formaldehyde solution in the field. In the laboratory, samples were washed through a 250 micormenter sieve and all macroinvertebrates were picked from the samples and identified to the lowest taxonomic level possible, usually species. Valid taxonomic names and unique taxon identification codes were provided in: Davies, C. and Edwards, F.K. (2011) Code list for recording the macroinvertebrates in freshwater in the British Isles. Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford.

Data entry was validated by crosschecking data print outs with laboratory sheets.
DOI: 10.5285/7f54e033-01b3-4ac3-bd9c-75e52dbaa9be
title: Loch Leven monitoring data (water quality, chemistry, crustacean zooplankton), 2023

description: This dataset contains weather conditions, water quality, water chemistry and crustacean zooplankton counts sampled at Loch Leven throughout the year 2023. Loch Leven is a lowland lake in Scotland, United Kingdom. The data were collected as part of a long-term monitoring programme, which began in 1968 and is still underway. Sampling occurs roughly every 2 weeks with laboratory analysis and data processing being performed at the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Edinburgh site. The sampling and processing were supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.
description: The data was collected from fieldwork at Loch Leven during 2023 and recorded into a database with some samples being processed in the laboratory first. All data has been through a QA process, which is detailed in the metadata document.
DOI: 10.5285/93518ac3-4ded-47fa-b260-38184c09dfc8
title: Boulder movement in two debris flow channels and a landslide in the Bhote Koshi catchment, Nepal, May to October 2019

description: The data contains location and x,y,z accelerometer readings from trackers embedded into 23 boulders in the upper Bhote Koshi catchment, Nepal before the 2019 monsoon season. The data was transmitted in real time via a long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN®) gateway to a server. The data presented cover the period May 2019 to October 2019. The data from this study was used to demonstrate how cost-effective technology can be used to monitor boulder movement in hazard-prone sites, and to show the potential for active sensors connected through a long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN®) to be used in an early warning system in the future. Data was collected by the data authors.

This was carried out as part the BOULDER: Accounting for BOUlders in Landslide-flood Disaster Evaluation and Resilience project, funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Award reference NE/S005951/1
description: The data was transmitted from the trackers in real time (unless gateway connectivity was lost) via a long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN®) gateway to a server. The active devices had been set to send regular GPS and accelerometer acquisitions but also to activate, record and send accelerometer data if movement was sensed. Data was downloaded as a comma separated file which was deposited into the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/05cae9ae-86c4-4a2f-a628-6c7fd0882459
title: Oribatid mites 1998 [Countryside Survey] 

description: This dataset consists of oribatid mite species records (a component of the soil mesofauna), extracted from soils sampled across Great Britain in 1998, as part of the Countryside Survey monitoring programme. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to soil data, habitat areas, vegetation species data, linear habitat data, and freshwater habitat data are also gathered by Countryside Survey.
description: Soil samples were collected in the summers of 1998 and 1999 by trained field surveyors. Data were recorded from up to 256 1km squares sited across Britain, selected by random stratified sample. Samples were analysed according to standardized protocols at the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Merlewood in 1998-2000, with subsequent additional work undertaken by F. Monson and A. Keith.  Data are managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
DOI: 10.5285/7d3aa79b-43bb-493f-a14a-0d4c07f9a0d9
title: Caterpillar masses from grass margins and hedgerows under streetlights, Oxfordshire, UK, 2018-2020

description: This dataset contains information about moth caterpillar masses at sites lit by streetlights (LED; high pressure sodium and low-pressure sodium) and unlit control sites. Caterpillars were sampled at 26 matched pairs of lit and unlit sites between 2018 and 2020 as part of a study of the effects of street lighting on the early life stages of moths.
description: Data were generated by collected larvae in field using sweep netting and beating and later weighed using a digital analytic balance (as detailed in the methods). Data quality assurance included data collection via standardised recording forms, data entry using drop down menus and automated calculations. Following data entry, records were double checked to ensure accidental typing errors were removed and to check for apparent outliers.
DOI: 10.5285/33b42f0a-12a5-47fe-aaaf-25f4ee5e13a5
title: Breeding success, population size, and site quality data for a population of common guillemots (Uria aalge) on the Isle of May, Scotland, 1981-2018

description: This dataset contains information on the breeding outcome, breeding site occupancy, and breeding site quality for a sample of common guillemots breeding on the Isle of May, Scotland. Data is available for all attributes from 1981-2018. These data are part of the Isle of May long-term study to assess population trends of seabirds under environmental change (IMLOTS https://www.ceh.ac.uk/our-science/projects/isle-may-long-term-study). 
description: All data derives from field observations of common guillemots on the Isle of May by experienced observers from the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. Observations of breeding success, site quality and site occupancy were carried out in five long-term study areas (sub-colonies). All observation data were proofed before entering the full dataset and processed as per the accompanying metadata and supporting information.