DOI: 10.3886/icpsr04149
title: Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES): 2000 Cohort [United States]
title: Archival Version

description: The Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey (FACES) is an ongoing national longitudinal study of the cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development of Head Start children. It examines the characteristics, well-being, and accomplishments of families, the observed quality of Head Start classrooms, and the characteristics and opinions of Head Start teachers and other program staff. FACES was designed to address four central questions related to program performance objectives: Does Head Start enhance children's development and school readiness? Does Head Start strengthen families as the primary nurturers of their children? Does head Start provide children with high quality educational, health, and nutritional services? How is classroom quality related to child outcomes? The FACES 2000 Cohort involved a nationally representative sample of children and families in Head Start programs in the United States who were studied at entry into the program in the fall of 2000, assessed at the completion of one or two years of program experience, and followed up in the spring of the kindergarten year. The FACES 2000-2003 battery has four main components: the child assessment, parent interview, teacher and staff interviews, and classroom observations. The child assessments included the major components of school readiness, and were collected through direct child assessments and rating scales completed by parents and teachers. Direct child assessments included the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test Third Edition-Revised (PPVT-III), Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery-Revised, McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities, story and print concepts, social awareness, color names and one-to-one counting, Leiter International Performance Scale-Revised, interview ratings, and follow-up Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten (ECLS-K) measures. The parent interview was designed to provide Head Start with a comprehensive understanding of the families that they serve, including the characteristics of households and household members, levels and types of participation in the program and in other community services, involvement with their children, and an understanding of their children's development. In addition to this, parents were asked to rate each child on a set of behaviors that assessed the child's basic social skills and behavior problems. The teacher and staff interview was designed to provide information on Head Start personnel experience, education, and training as well as knowledge and beliefs about child development, and educational activities with children and parents. The classroom observations were designed to measure peer interactions, friendships of children, and the extent to which Head Start programs employed skilled teachers and provided developmentally appropriate environments and curricula for their children. Some of the assessments used included the Assessment Profile, Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale-Revised (ECERS-R), classroom observation of teacher-directed activities, and the Arnett Caregiver Interaction Scale.
description: The FACES 2000 data include five sets of weights. There are cross-sectional weights for the fall 2000 child-level and class-level data files and longitudinal weights for the fall 2000 through spring 2001 child-level and class-level data. There are also longitudinal weights for the fall 2000 through spring 2003 child-level data and a single set of jackknife factors for use with all of the weights. <strong>Class Weights </strong> Two sets of class weights were produced for classroom-level estimation: one set for fall 2000 cross-sectional estimates and a second set for fall 2000 through spring 2001 longitudinal classroom analysis. Class base weights that reflected the overall probability of selection for the class, including the program probability of selection, were first created. These base weights were adjusted for classroom-level nonresponse using specific criteria for a complete classroom. For each classroom, the within-program class weight (class base weight) = program weight * (total # classes in program / # sampled classes fielded). Similarly, a classroom replicate base weight was created for each classroom using the program replicate weights. Both the class base weights and the classroom replicate base weights of the eligible, complete classrooms were adjusted for nonresponse separately by program (ineligible and incomplete classes were dropped from the sample). The sum of the nonresponse-adjusted fall 2000 classroom weights is 34,638. The sum of the nonresponse-adjusted fall 2000 through spring 2001 class weights is 34,768. The class base weight was used in calculating the weighted rates. <strong>Child Weights </strong> Two sets of child weights were produced: a cross-sectional set for fall 2000 estimates, and a fall 2000 through spring 2001 set for longitudinal analysis. Child base weights were first created that reflected the overall probability of selection for the child, including the program and classroom stages of sampling. These base weights were adjusted for child nonresponse using a specific criteria for a complete child case. For each child, the overall child weight (child base weight) = program weight * nonresponse-adjusted classroom weight. Similarly, a child replicate base weight was created for each child using the program replicate weights. Both the child base weights and the replicate child base weights of the eligible, complete children in each classroom were adjusted for nonresponse separately by classroom (ineligible and incomplete children were dropped from the sample). The sum of the nonresponse-adjusted fall 2000 weights is 337,247. The sum of the nonresponse-adjusted fall 2000 through spring 2001 child weights is 338,047. The child base weight was used in calculating the weighted rates. <strong>Jackknife Replicate Weights </strong> For each of the 43 Head Start programs, a set of 43 jackknife replicate weights was created for calculating standard errors. The replicate weights were created using a stratified jackknife procedure. One program at a time was dropped and the weights of the remaining programs in the same stratum were adjusted by a factor of nh/(nh-1), where nh is the number of sampled programs in stratum h. The program weights in the other strata were left unchanged. By repeating this 43 times, 43 replicate weights were obtained for each program. The program weight was calculated as the inverse of the program's probability of selection. A Keyfitz procedure was used to minimize the overlap with previous FACES cohorts. This procedure involved calculating conditional probabilities of selection, which were based on whether the program was sampled previously or not, and whether its probability of selection increased compared with the previous sample. Consult the Data User's Guide for a more in-depth explanation of the weights, the weighting procedure, and the specific formulas used for each of the weights.
description: A representative sample of 2,800 children who were three and four years old and their parents in a stratified national probability sample of 43 Head Start programs. The sample was stratified by three variables: region of the country, urbanicity, and percentage of minority families in the program. Migrant and Seasonal Head Start programs, American Indian/Alaska Native Head Start programs, Early Head Start programs, programs in the United States territories, and programs that do not serve children directly were excluded from the sampling frame.
description: Datasets: DS0: Study-Level Files DS1: Fall 2000 Head Start Data DS2: Spring 2001 Head Start Data DS3: Spring 2002 Head Start Data DS4: Spring 2002 Kindergarten Data DS5: Spring 2003 Kindergarten Data DS6: Fall 2000 Head Start Through Spring 2003 Kindergarten Data DS7: Fall 2000 Head Start Education Service Coordinator Data DS8: Spring 2001 Head Start Family Service Worker Data DS9: Spring 2001 Head Start Father Self-Administered Data DS10: Fall 2000 Head Start Cross-Sectional Child Weights DS11: Fall 2000 Head Start Cross-Sectional Class Weights DS12: Fall 2000 Through Spring 2001 Longitudinal Child Weights DS13: Fall 2000 Through Spring 2001 Longitudinal Class Weights DS14: Fall 2000 Through Spring 2003 Longitudinal Child Weights DS15: Fall 2000 JKN Factors
description: The programs participating in the FACES 2000 cohort were randomly selected from 1,675 Head Start programs that were constructed from the 1998-1999 Program Information Report (PIR). Participants were randomly selected as a two-stage sample: the first stage sampling units were Head Start programs, and the second-stage units were classes within sampled programs. In each sampled classroom, all eligible children in their first year of Head Start were taken into the sample.
description: coded on-site observation; face-to-face interview; self-enumerated questionnaire <strong>Project Officer </strong> The Head Start Family and Child Experiences Survey would like to acknowledge Louisa Tarullo's role as the Project Officer. <strong>Principal Investigator </strong> Nicholas Zill, Ph.D. (Westat) was the Principal Investigator for this project. <strong>Acknowledgment </strong> Special collaborators for the collection and preparation the data files that comprise the FACES dataset include Ruth Hubbell McKey, Ph.D. (Xtria), and Robert O'Brien, Ph.D. (CDM Group, Inc.). <strong>Additional Resources</strong> Reports based on this data collection are available at the Administration for Children and Families Web site. To conform with ICPSR filenaming conventions, data and documentation files have been assigned new file names that differ from those assigned by the original data producer, Westat, Inc. A crosswalk document (linking old data file names to new ones) may be found within each of the codebooks and the User Guide.