cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.05qfttf2x
title: Sex differences in the foraging behavior of a generalist hawkmoth

description: Within-species variation in pollinator behavior is widely observed, but
 itscauses have been minimally investigated. Pollinator sex is associated
 with large differ-ences in behavior that may lead to predictable
 differences in flower foraging, but thisexpectation has not been
 explicitly tested. We investigate sex-associated differences
 innectar-foraging behavior of the hawkmothHyles lineata, using pollen on
 the proboscisas a proxy for flower visitation. We tested two predictions
 emerging from the literature:(1) the sexes differ in the flower species
 they visit, (2) females are more specialized inflower choice. We also
 examined potential drivers underlying these predictions by per-forming
 field and laboratory experiments to test whether males (3) switch among
 flowerspecies more frequently, or (4) fly farther and therefore encounter
 more species than fe-males. Consistent with prediction (1), pollen load
 composition differed between the sexes,indicative of visitation
 differences. Contrary to prediction (2), females consistently car-ried
 more species-rich pollen loads than males. (3) Both sexes switched between
 flowerspecies at similar rates, suggesting that differences in floral
 fidelity are unlikely to explainwhy females are less specialized than
 males. (4) Males flew longer distances than females;coupled with larger
 between-site differences in pollen composition for females, this
 resultsuggests that sex differences in mobility influence foraging, and
 that females may foragemore frequently and in smaller areas than males.
 Together, our results demonstrate thatsex-associated foraging differences
 can be large and consistent over time, and highlightthe importance of sex
 as a driver of variation in pollinator behavior.
description: Data collection details in the associated article
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.crjdfn33z
title: Correlation and co-localization of QTLs for stomatal density, canopy temperature, and productivity with and without drought stress in Setaria

description: Mechanistic modeling indicates that stomatal conductance could be reduced
 to improve water use efficiency (WUE) in C4 crops. Genetic variation in
 stomatal density and canopy temperature was evaluated in the model C4
 genus, Setaria. Recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a Setaria
 italica × Setaria viridis cross were grown with ample or limiting water
 supply under field conditions in Illinois. An optical profilometer was
 used to rapidly assess stomatal patterning, and canopy temperature was
 measured using infrared imaging. Stomatal density and canopy temperature
 were positively correlated but both were negatively correlated with total
 above-ground biomass. These trait relationships suggest a likely
 interaction between stomatal density and the other drivers of water use
 such as stomatal size and aperture. Multiple quantitative trait loci
 (QTLs) were identified for stomatal density and canopy temperature,
 including co-located QTLs on chromosomes 5 and 9. The direction of the
 additive effect of these QTLs on chromosome 5 and 9 was in accordance with
 the positive phenotypic relationship between these two traits. This, along
 with prior experiments, suggests a common genetic architecture between
 stomatal patterning and WUE in controlled environments with canopy
 transpiration and productivity in the field, while highlighting the
 potential of Setaria as a model to understand the physiology and genetics
 of WUE in C4 species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5qfttdz52
title: Mapping differences in mammalian distributions and diversity using environmental DNA from rivers

description: Finding more efficient ways to monitor, and estimate the diversity of,
 mammalian communities is a major step towards their management and
 conservation. Environmental DNA (eDNA) from river water has recently been
 shown to be a viable method for biomonitoring mammalian communities. Yet,
 most of the studies to date have focused on the potential for eDNA to
 detect individual species, with little focus on describing patterns of
 community diversity and structure. In this study, we focus on the sampling
 effort required to reliably map the diversity and distribution of
 semi-aquatic and terrestrial mammals and allow inferences of community
 structure surrounding rivers. Location: Southeastern England Methods: We
 used eDNA metabarcoding on water samples collected along two rivers and a
 beaver enclosure over two days, targeting terrestrial and semi-aquatic
 mammals. Mammalian community diversity and composition was assessed based
 on species richness and β-diversity. Differences between river communities
 were calculated and partitioned into nestedness and turnover, and the
 sampling effort required to rapidly detect semi-aquatic and terrestrial
 species was evaluated based on species accumulation curves and occupancy
 modelling. Results: eDNA metabarcoding efficiently detected 25 wild mammal
 species from five orders in two days of sampling, representing the vast
 majority (82%) of the species expected in the area. The required sampling
 effort varied between orders, with common species (generally rodents, deer
 and lagomorph species) more readily detected, with carnivores detected
 less frequently. Measures of species richness differed between rivers
 (both overall and within each mammalian order) and patterns of β-diversity
 revealed the importance of species replacement in sites within each river,
 against a pattern of species loss between the two rivers. Main
 conclusions: eDNA metabarcoding demonstrated its capability to rapidly
 detect mammal species, allowing inferences of community composition that
 will better inform future sampling strategies for this Class. Importantly,
 this study highlights the potential use of eDNA data for investigating
 mammalian community dynamics over different spatial scales.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.18931zcx9
title: Microsatellites data set: Correlated population genetic structure in a three-tiered host-parasite system: the potential for coevolution and adaptive divergence

description: Three subspecies of Northern Bahamian Rock Iguanas, Cyclura
 cychlura, are currently recognized: C. c. cychlura,restricted to
 Andros Island, and C. c. figginsi and C. c.
 inornata, native to the Exuma Island chain. Populations on Andros
 are genetically distinct from Exuma Island populations, yet genetic
 divergence among populations in the Exumas is inconsistent with the two
 currently recognized subspecies from those islands. The potential
 consequences of this discrepancy might include the recognition of a single
 subspecies throughout the Exumas rather than two. That inference also
 ignores evidence that populations of C. cychlura are
 potentially adaptively divergent. We compared patterns of population
 relatedness in a three-tiered host-parasite system: C.
 cychlura iguanas, their ticks (genus Amblyomma,
 preferentially parasitizing these reptiles),
 and Rickettsia spp. endosymbionts (within tick
 ectoparasites). Our results indicate that while C. c.
 cychlura on Andros is consistently supported as a separate clade,
 patterns of relatedness among populations of C. c.
 figginsi and C. c. inornata within the Exuma
 Island chain are more complex. The distribution of the hosts, different
 tick species, and Rickettsia spp., supports the
 evolutionary independence of C. c. inornata. Further, these
 patterns are also consistent with two independent evolutionarily
 significant units within C. c. figginsi. Our findings suggest
 coevolutionary relationships between the reptile hosts, their
 ectoparasites, and rickettsial organisms, suggesting local adaptation.
 This work also speaks to the limitations of using neutral molecular
 markers from a single focal taxon as the sole currency for recognizing
 evolutionary novelty in populations of endangered species.
description: Data in this set have been produced thorugh sanger sequencing and
 fragment analysis. 411 <em>Cyclura
 cychlura</em> iguana individuals have been scored for variability at
 21 microsatellites. Since the dataset has been compiled from a variety of
 sources no all individuals are scored for the same loci. Individuals come
 from 31 different sites. The data is organized in a
 spreasheet formatted for GenAlEx.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5x69p8d2x
title: 2D and 3D coral models imaged in Curaçao: George, Mullinix, et al PeerJ 2021

description: Abstract from the article associated with the dataset: George,
 Mullinix, et al PeerJ 2021. Reef-building corals are ecosystem engineers
 that compete with other benthic or- ganisms for space and resources.
 Corals harvest energy through their surface by photosynthesis and
 heterotrophic feeding, and they divert part of this energy to defend their
 outer colony perimeter against competitors. Here, we hypothesized that
 corals with a larger space-filling surface and smaller perimeters increase
 energy gain while reducing the exposure to competitors. This predicted an
 association between these two geometric properties of corals and the
 competitive outcome against other benthic organisms. To test the
 prediction, fifty coral colonies from the Caribbean island of Curac ̧ao
 were rendered using digital 3D and 2D reconstructions. The surface areas,
 perimeters, box-counting dimensions (as a proxy of space-filling
 property), and other geometric properties were extracted and analyzed with
 respect to the percentage of the perimeter losing or winning against
 competitors based on the coral tissue apparent growth or damage. The
 increase in surface space-filling dimension was the only significant
 single indicator of coral winning outcomes, but the combination of surface
 space-filling dimension with perimeter length increased the statistical
 prediction of coral competition outcomes. Corals with larger surface
 space-filling dimensions (Ds &gt; 2) and smaller
 perimeters displayed more winning outcomes, confirming the initial
 hypothesis. We propose that the space-filling property of coral surfaces
 complemented with other proxies of coral competitiveness, such as life
 history traits, will provide a more accurate quantitative characterization
 of coral competition outcomes on coral reefs. This framework also applies
 to other organisms or ecological systems that rely on complex surfaces to
 obtain energy for competition.
description: For the compressed files: - Reconstruction of
 the split file can be accomplished by issuing the command cat
 *.tar.bz2*part-a* &gt; 3D_model_stl_data.tar.bz2 -
 Unzipping the compressed files can be accomplished by issuing the command
 tar -jxvf *.tar.bz2
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9kjx
title: Orientation data for: Pre-thrusting stratigraphic control on the transition from a thin- to thick-skinned structural style: an example from the double-decker Idaho-Montana fold-thrust belt

description: This dataset documents the measurements accompanying the figures in Parker
 & Pearson, 2021 (Pre-thrusting stratigraphic control on the
 transition from a thin- to thick-skinned structural style: an example from
 the double-decker Idaho-Montana fold-thrust belt).
description: Field measurements using Brunton compass (hinge inclinometer).
 Locations recorded in decimal degrees using a Garmin eTrex (WGS
 projection).
description: Text files can be imported directly to Steronet v. 10.0
 (http://www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/faculty/RWA/programs/stereonet.html).
 For linear features, Trend and Plunge values are recorded in first and
 second columns. For planar features, Dip Azimuth and Dip values are
 recorded in first and second columns. See
 "Geologic Map of the Northern Part of the Leadore Quadrangle, Lemhi
 County, Idaho" (T-20-03, 1:24,000 scale) for declanation.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tmpg4f4zg
title: Data from: Chemical defense and tonic immobility in early life stages of the Harlequin cabbage bug, Murgantia histrionica (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

description: Antipredation strategies are important for the survival and fitness of
 animals, especially in more vulnerable life stages. In insects, eggs and
 early juvenile stages are often either immobile or unable to rapidly flee
 and hide when facing predators. Understanding what alternative
 antipredation strategies they use, but also how those change over
 development time, is required to fully appreciate how species have adapted
 to biotic threats. Murgantia histrionica is a stink bug, conspicuously
 colored from egg to adult, known to sequester defensive glucosinolates
 from its cruciferous hosts as adults. We sought to assess whether this
 chemical defense is also present in its eggs and early nymphal instars and
 quantified how it fluctuates among life stages. In parallel, we looked at
 an alternative antipredation strategy, described for the first time in
 this species: tonic immobility. Our results show that the eggs are
 significantly more chemically defended than the first two mobile life
 stages, but not than the third instar. Tonic immobility is also favored by
 hatchlings, but less so by subsequent instars. We argue the case that over
 development time, tonic immobility is a useful defensive strategy until
 adequate chemical protection is achieved over an extended feeding period.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5ps
title: Predators like it hot: Thermal mismatch in a predator-prey system across an elevational tropical gradient

description: Climate change may have dramatic consequences for communities through both
 direct effects of peak temperatures upon individual species and through
 interspecific mismatches in thermal sensitivities of interacting organisms
 which mediate changes in interspecific interactions (i.e. predation).
 Despite this, there is a paucity of information upon the patterns of
 spatial physiological sensitivity of interacting species (at both
 landscape and local scales) which could ultimately influence geographical
 variation in the effects of climate change upon community processes. In
 order to assess where these impacts may occur, we first need to evaluate
 the spatial heterogeneity in the degree of mismatch in thermal tolerances
 between interacting organisms. We experimentally quantify the magnitude of
 interspecific mismatch in maximum (CTmax) and minimum (CTmin) thermal
 tolerances among a predator-prey system of dragonfly and anuran larvae in
 tropical montane (242-3631 m) and habitat (ponds and streams) gradients.
 To compare thermal mismatches between predators and preys, we coined the
 parameters maximum and minimum predatory tolerance margins (PTMmax and
 PTMmin), or difference in CTmax and CTmin of interacting organisms sampled
 across elevational and habitat gradients. Our analyses revealed that: (1)
 predators exhibit higher heat tolerances than prey (~ 4 ºC), a trend which
 remained stable across habitats and elevations. In contrast, we found no
 differences in minimum thermal tolerances between these groups. (2)
 Maximum and minimum thermal tolerances of both predators and prey
 decreased with elevation, but only maximum thermal tolerance varied across
 habitats, with pond species exhibiting higher heat tolerance than stream
 species. (3) Pond-dwelling organisms from low elevations (0-1500 m a.s.l.)
 may be more susceptible to direct effects of warming than their highland
 counterparts because their maximum thermal tolerances are only slightly
 higher than their exposed maximum environmental temperatures. The greater
 relative thermal tolerance of dragonfly naiad predators may further
 increase the vulnerability of lowland tadpoles to warming due to
 potentially enhanced indirect effects of higher predation rates by more
 heat-tolerant dragonfly predators. However, further experimental work is
 required to establish the individual and population-level consequences of
 this thermal tolerance mismatch upon biotic interactions such as
 predator-prey.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g79cnp5pt
title: Economic evaluation of sea-level rise adaptation strongly influenced by hydrodynamic feedbacks: Dataset 2

description: Coastal communities rely on levees and seawalls as critical protection
 against sea-level rise; in the U.S. alone, $300 billion in shoreline
 armoring costs are forecast by 2100. But despite the local flood risk
 reduction benefits, these structures can exacerbate flooding and
 associated damages along other parts of the shoreline—particularly in
 coastal bays and estuaries, where nearly 500 million people globally are
 at risk from sea-level rise. The magnitude and spatial distribution of the
 economic impact of this dynamic, however, are poorly understood. Here we
 combine hydrodynamic and economic models to assess the extent of both
 local and regional flooding and damages expected from a range of shoreline
 protection and sea-level rise scenarios in San Francisco Bay, California.
 We find that protection of individual shoreline segments (5-75 km) can
 increase flooding in other areas by as much as 36 million cubic
 meters and damages by $723 million for a single flood event, and
 in some cases can even cause regional flood damages that exceed the local
 damages prevented from protection. We also demonstrate that strategic
 flooding of certain shoreline segments, such as those with gradually
 sloping baylands and space for water storage, can help alleviate flooding
 and damages along other stretches of the coastline. By matching the scale
 of the economic assessment to the scale of the threat, we reveal the
 previously uncounted costs associated with uncoordinated adaptation
 actions and demonstrate that a regional planning perspective is essential
 for reducing shared risk and wisely spending adaptation resources in
 coastal bays. This dataset is associated with a github
 repository https://github.com/rmgriffin/OLU-flood-externalities
 This dataset is part of a two record data repository associated with the
 paper "Economic evaluation of sea-level rise adaptation strongly
 influenced by hydrodynamic feedbacks." This is part two.
description: Please see Dryad dataset DOI:10.5061/dryad.2z34tmpmb  for part
 1 of the data for this article containing flood depth rasters for 0, 50,
 and 100cm of sea level rise along with other data and code.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6q573n5zn
title: Genetic diversity of the Nubian ibex in Oman as revealed by mitochondrial DNA

description: The Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) is patchily distributed across parts of
 Africa and Arabia. In Oman, it is one of the few free-ranging wild mammals
 found in the central and southern regions. Its population is declining due
 to habitat degradation, human expansion, poaching, and fragmentation. Here
 we investigated the population’s genetic diversity using mitochondrial DNA
 (D-loop 186bp and cytochrome b 487bp). We found that the Nubian ibex in
 the southern region of Oman was more diverse (D-loop HD; 0.838) compared
 to the central region (0.511) and gene flow between them was restricted.
 We compared the genetic profiles of wild Nubian ibex from Oman with
 captive ibex. A Bayesian phylogenetic tree showed that wild Nubian ibex
 form a distinct clade independent from captive animals. This divergence
 was supported by high mean distances (D-loop 0.126,cytochrome b 0.0528)
 and high FST statistics (D-loop 0.725,cytochrome b 0.968). These results
 indicate that captive ibex are highly unlikely to have originated from the
 wild population in Oman and the considerable divergence suggests that the
 wild population in Oman should be treated as a distinct taxonomic unit.
 Further nuclear genetic work will be required to fully elucidate the
 degree of global taxonomic divergence of Nubian ibex populations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sxksn0332
title: Data from: Demography predicts genetic effective size in a desert stream fish community

description: Demographic data collected during long-term diversity monitoring and
 short-term ecological surveys were used to calculate summary statistics to
 compare with estimates of genetic effective size for nine species
 occurring in the Gila River, New Mexico, USA. Diversity survey data
 collected by New Mexico Department of Game and Fish from 1988 to 2010 were
 converted to presence/absence data to create detection histories for each
 of the nine focal species. Simple occupancy models of detection histories
 implemented using program PRESENCE were used to estimate the annual
 probability of sites becoming extirpated. A second data source from
 affiliated short-term ecological studies provided numbers of individuals
 captured and area sampled and was used to estimate mean density of adult
 individuals across sample sites. These data were also used to calculated
 an index of commonness that incorporates both relative abundance and study
 wide occupancy. Microsatellite genotypes from a previous study and Dryad
 submission were used to estimate effective number of breeders and genetic
 effective size (estimates included in this submission) for each species
 and contemporary migration rates. Migration rates were estimated using the
 Bayesian assignment model implemented in program BIMr. Outputs from all
 independent model runs and code to process output files are included with
 this data submission.
description: Sample collection methods for standardized long-term survey data
 are available in https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1489.1. Sample collection
 methods for short-term ecological studies are available in
 https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0153. Microsatellite genotype available
 at https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.d5j4m were used to estimate contemporary
 migration rates using the program BIMr, see uploaded supplementary
 material for details.
description: Occupancy modeling using detection histories were performed in
 program PRESENCE (Hines 2006). Resulting epsilon estimates are included in
 text file of metapopulation statistics. All other computations were
 performed using the R environment (R Core Team 2021) and associated code
 is included.  Output files from Bayesian inference to estimate migration
 rates from microsatellite genotypes using BIMr (Faubet and Gaggiotti 2008)
 are included with R code to process and summarize across 10 independent
 model runs. See README file for file details.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cvdncjt46
title: Environmentally associated variation in dispersal distance affects inbreeding risk in a stream salamander

description: Avoiding inbreeding is considered a key driver of dispersal evolution, and
 dispersal distances should be especially important in mediating inbreeding
 risk because the likelihood of mating with relatives decreases with
 dispersal distance. However, a lack of direct data on dispersal distances
 has limited empirical tests of this prediction, particularly in the
 context of the multiple selective forces that can influence dispersal.
 Using a headwater salamander system, we tested whether spatial variation
 in environmental conditions leads to differences in dispersal distances,
 resulting in spatial variation in the effect of dispersal on inbreeding
 risk. Using capture-recapture and population genomic data from 5 streams,
 we found that dispersal distances were greater in downstream reaches than
 upstream reaches. Inbreeding risk was lower for dispersers than
 non-dispersers in downstream reaches, but not in upstream reaches.
 Furthermore, stream reaches did not differ in spatial patterns of
 individual relatedness, indicating that variation in inbreeding risk was
 in fact due to differences in dispersal distances. These results
 demonstrate that environmentally associated variation in dispersal
 distances can cause the inbreeding consequences of dispersal to vary at
 fine spatial scales. They also show that selective pressures other than
 inbreeding avoidance maintain phenotypic variation in dispersal,
 underscoring the importance of addressing alternative hypotheses in
 dispersal research.
description: Dispersal data: collected using capture-mark-recapture methods
 over 4 summer field seasons in 5 headwater streams; xy-coordinate data: x
 values are 0, y-values represent longitudinal length along the stream;
 genotypic data: generated from ddRADSeq approach, described in manuscript
 methods.