cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125957
title: Supplementary Material for: Karyotype and Chromosome Variability in the Armadillo <b><i>Chaetophractus villosus</i></b> in Argentina

description: Karyotype and cytotype variations for the large hairy armadillo <i>(Chaetophractus villosus)</i> were studied throughout the species' Argentine distribution. Peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures of 421 animals were used to obtain mitotic metaphases. Preparations were subjected to conventional staining, G- and C-banding, and FISH involving a telomeric probe. Meiotic analysis was performed on testis material from 10 adults. Spermatocytes were examined for synaptonemal complexes in microspreads. The karyotype (2n = 60 XX/XY; FN = 84 without XY) showed an autosomal complement of 6 metacentric and 7 submetacentric chromosomes; the remainder was acrocentric. The X chromosome was submetacentric and the Y acrocentric. Centromeric C+ marks were observed in all chromosomes except pair 16. Three NOR signals were detected in 6q, 12p, and 26p. Two chromosomal rearrangements were characterized in chromosome pair 1 a pericentric inversion seen in the material from Jacinto Aráuz, General Madariaga and Pellegrini and a deletion in the material from Loma Verde. Interstitial telomeric signals were observed in chromosome pairs 4, 12, 16, and 26. Pachytene spermatocyte analysis confirmed the basic chromosome number and morphologies observed in mitotic karyotypes. The evolution of <i>C. villosus</i> involved chromosomal rearrangements as recorded for other species of its superorder. The present results establish the basis for the cytogenetic characterization of this species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125960
title: Supplementary Material for: Systematic Screening of Plant Extracts from the Brazilian Pantanal with Antimicrobial Activity against Bacteria with Cariogenic Relevance

description: This study proposes a bioprospection methodology regarding the antimicrobial potential of plant extracts against bacteria with cariogenic relevance. Sixty extracts were obtained from ten plants - (1) <i>Jatropha weddelliana</i>, (2) <i>Attalea phalerata</i>, (3) <i>Buchenavia tomentosa</i>, (4) <i>Croton doctoris</i>, (5) <i>Mouriri elliptica</i>, (6) <i>Mascagnia benthamiana</i>, (7) <i>Senna aculeata</i>, (8) <i>Unonopsis guatterioides</i>, (9) <i>Allagoptera leucocalyx</i> and (10) <i>Bactris glaucescens</i> - using different extraction methods - (A) 70° ethanol 72 h/25°C, (B) water 5 min/100°C, (C) water 1 h/55°C, (D) water 72 h/25°C, (E) hexane 72 h/25°C and (F) 90° ethanol 72 h/25°C. The plants were screened for antibacterial activity at 50 mg/ml using the agar well diffusion test against <i>Actinomyces naeslundii</i> ATCC 19039, <i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i> ATCC 4356, <i>Streptococcus gordonii</i> ATCC 10558, <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> ATCC 35688, <i>Streptococcus sanguinis</i> ATCC 10556, <i>Streptococcus sobrinus</i> ATCC 33478 and <i>Streptococcus mitis</i> ATCC 9811. The active extracts were tested to determine their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), cytotoxicity and chemical characterization. Forty-seven extracts (78%) were active against at least one microorganism. Extract 4A demonstrated the lowest MIC and MBC for all microorganisms except <i>S. gordonii</i> and the extract at MIC concentration was non-cytotoxic. The concentrated extracts were slightly cytotoxic. Electrospray ionization with tandem mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that the extract constituents coincided with the mass of the terpenoids and phenolics. Overall, the best results were obtained for extraction methods A, B and C. The present work proved the antimicrobial activity of several plants. Particularly, extracts from <i>C. doctoris</i> were the most active against bacteria involved in dental caries disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125966
title: Supplementary Material for: Fiber Type-Specific Expression of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 6 in Human Skeletal Muscles

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Gene expression patterns differ in the two types of skeletal muscle fiber. The Wnt signaling pathway, which includes low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), has been associated with cell differentiation and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles. We examined the relationships between muscle fiber types and LRP6 expression. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Adenosine triphosphatase was assayed histochemically, and the levels of expression of LRP6 and myosin were analyzed immunohistochemically, in frozen sections of muscle fiber obtained from 16 muscle biopsy samples. The expression pattern of LRP6 in C2C12 cells was assayed by immunocytochemistry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> LRP6 was expressed only in type II fibers. Type IIc fibers showed variations in LRP6 expression. Expression of LRP6 was observed at the stage of myoblast differentiation. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Antibody to LRP6 may be useful for identifying type II skeletal muscle fibers. LRP6 may influence glucose metabolism in type II fibers of human skeletal muscles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125957.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Karyotype and Chromosome Variability in the Armadillo <b><i>Chaetophractus villosus</i></b> in Argentina

description: Karyotype and cytotype variations for the large hairy armadillo <i>(Chaetophractus villosus)</i> were studied throughout the species' Argentine distribution. Peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures of 421 animals were used to obtain mitotic metaphases. Preparations were subjected to conventional staining, G- and C-banding, and FISH involving a telomeric probe. Meiotic analysis was performed on testis material from 10 adults. Spermatocytes were examined for synaptonemal complexes in microspreads. The karyotype (2n = 60 XX/XY; FN = 84 without XY) showed an autosomal complement of 6 metacentric and 7 submetacentric chromosomes; the remainder was acrocentric. The X chromosome was submetacentric and the Y acrocentric. Centromeric C+ marks were observed in all chromosomes except pair 16. Three NOR signals were detected in 6q, 12p, and 26p. Two chromosomal rearrangements were characterized in chromosome pair 1 a pericentric inversion seen in the material from Jacinto Aráuz, General Madariaga and Pellegrini and a deletion in the material from Loma Verde. Interstitial telomeric signals were observed in chromosome pairs 4, 12, 16, and 26. Pachytene spermatocyte analysis confirmed the basic chromosome number and morphologies observed in mitotic karyotypes. The evolution of <i>C. villosus</i> involved chromosomal rearrangements as recorded for other species of its superorder. The present results establish the basis for the cytogenetic characterization of this species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125963
title: Supplementary Material for: Predicting the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Bariatric Surgery Patients

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Identifying the best method to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in bariatric surgery patients has important implications for the clinical care of obese patients and research into the impact of obesity and weight reduction on kidney health. We therefore performed such an analysis in patients before and after surgical weight loss. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Fasting measured GFR (mGFR) by plasma iohexol clearance before and after bariatric surgery was obtained in 36 severely obese individuals. Estimated GFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation, the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation using serum creatinine only, the CKD-EPI equation using serum cystatin C only and a recently derived equation that uses both serum creatinine and cystatin C (CKD-EPI<sub>creat-cystC</sub>) and then compared to mGFR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Participants were primarily middle-aged white females with a mean baseline body mass index of 46 ± 9, serum creatinine of 0.81 ± 0.24 mg/dl and mGFR of 117 ± 40 ml/min. mGFR had a stronger linear relationship with inverse cystatin C before (r = 0.28, p = 0.09) and after (r = 0.38, p = 0.02) surgery compared to the inverse of creatinine (before: r = 0.26, p = 0.13; after: r = 0.11, p = 0.51). mGFR fell by 17 ± 35 ml/min (p = 0.007) following surgery. The CKD-EPI<sub>creat-cystC</sub> was unquestionably the best overall performing estimating equation before and after surgery, revealing very little bias and a capacity to estimate mGFR within 30% of its true value over 80% of the time. This was true whether or not mGFR was indexed for body surface area. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In severely obese bariatric surgery patients with normal kidney function, cystatin C is more strongly associated with mGFR than is serum creatinine. The CKD-EPI<sub>creat-cystC</sub> equation best predicted mGFR both before and after surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125966.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Fiber Type-Specific Expression of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 6 in Human Skeletal Muscles

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Gene expression patterns differ in the two types of skeletal muscle fiber. The Wnt signaling pathway, which includes low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6), has been associated with cell differentiation and glucose metabolism in skeletal muscles. We examined the relationships between muscle fiber types and LRP6 expression. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Adenosine triphosphatase was assayed histochemically, and the levels of expression of LRP6 and myosin were analyzed immunohistochemically, in frozen sections of muscle fiber obtained from 16 muscle biopsy samples. The expression pattern of LRP6 in C2C12 cells was assayed by immunocytochemistry. <b><i>Results:</i></b> LRP6 was expressed only in type II fibers. Type IIc fibers showed variations in LRP6 expression. Expression of LRP6 was observed at the stage of myoblast differentiation. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Antibody to LRP6 may be useful for identifying type II skeletal muscle fibers. LRP6 may influence glucose metabolism in type II fibers of human skeletal muscles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125948
title: Supplementary Material for: Genetically Modified T Cells for the Treatment of Malignant Disease

description: <b><i>Summary</i></b>The broaden application of adoptive T-cell transfer has been constrained by the technical abilities to isolate and expand antigen-specific T cells potent to selectively kill tumor cells. With the recent progress in the design and manufacturing of cellular products, T cells used in the treatment of malignant diseases may be regarded as anticancer biopharmaceuticals. Genetical manipulation of T cells has given T cells desired specificity but also enable to tailor their activation and proliferation potential. Here, we summarize the recent developments in genetic engineering of T-cell-based biopharmaceuticals, covering criteria for their clinical application in regard to safety and efficacy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125954
title: Supplementary Material for: Heart Rate Variability Is a Predictor of Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Report from the CRIC Study

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Low heart rate variability (HRV) is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in the general population. We aimed to determine the factors associated with HRV and evaluate the association between low HRV and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A 10-second electrocardiogram was obtained at baseline in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. HRV was measured by the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of successive differences between R-R intervals (RMSSD). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 3,245 CRIC participants with available baseline SDNN and RMSSD, lower HRV was associated with older age, lack of exercise, heart failure, elevated phosphorus and hemoglobin A1c, and low estimated glomerular filtration rate. After a median follow-up of 4.2 years, in fully adjusted models, lower HRV was not associated with renal [SDNN: hazard rate, HR = 0.96 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.88-1.05); RMSSD: HR = 0.97 (95% CI 0.88-1.07)] or cardiovascular outcomes [SDNN: HR = 1.02 (95% CI 0.92-1.13); RMSSD: HR = 1.00 (95% CI 0.90-1.10)]. There was a nonlinear relationship between RMSSD and all-cause mortality with increased risk with both low and high RMSSD (p = 0.04). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In a large cohort of patients with CKD, multiple risk factors for renal and cardiovascular diseases were associated with lower HRV. Lower HRV was not associated with increased risk for renal or cardiovascular outcomes, but both low and high RMSSD were associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality. In conclusion, HRV measured by RMSSD may be a novel and independent risk factor for mortality in CKD patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125945
title: Supplementary Material for: How to Monitor the Brain during Immediate Neonatal Transition and Resuscitation: A Systematic Qualitative Review of the Literature

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The brain is vulnerable to injury and dysfunction during transition after birth in neonates. Clinical assessment of the neurological status immediately following birth is difficult, especially during resuscitation. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Our aim was to review physiological monitoring of the brain during immediate postnatal transition - the first 15 min after birth. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A systematic search of PubMed and EMBASE was performed using the following terms: newborn, neonate, neonates, transition, after-birth, delivery room, cerebral, brain, monitoring, neurology, oxygenation, saturation, activity, imaging, perfusion, Doppler, and blood flow. Additional articles were identified by manual search of cited references. Only human studies describing cerebral changes during the first 15 min after birth were included. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Six studies were identified, which described sequential measurements of cerebral perfusion using Doppler sonography, one of these in combination with continuous monitoring of cerebral tissue oxygenation with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). A further 15 studies were identified that used NIRS to continuously monitor cerebral tissue oxygenation. In one study, cerebral activity was continuously monitored with an additional amplitude-integrated encephalogram. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Monitoring the brain provides additional information during immediate transition and may help to guide resuscitation. Doppler sonography is technically challenging during resuscitation and is therefore of limited value. NIRS provides continuous monitoring and is feasible even in very-low-birth-weight infants. In the future, an amplitude-integrated encephalogram might give further information on the status of the brain, but before any of these modalities can routinely be recommended during neonatal resuscitation, clinical trials targeting stable brain function parameters are needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125951
title: Supplementary Material for: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among the Indigenous and Immigrant Pakistani Population: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Aim:</i></b> The aim of this study was to systematically describe the gender and ethnic differences regarding the prevalence of general/central obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia among the indigenous and immigrant Pakistani communities. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The search engine used was PubMed, supplemented with regional data from the Medical Institutes of Pakistan. The focus was on the adult Pakistani population (18 years and older). <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found only 7 studies among the immigrant Pakistani community and 24 studies among the indigenous Pakistani community. The studies had limitations such as low participation rates and use of self-reported data. There is a higher prevalence of central obesity among women (42.2%) than among men (14.7%) (National Health Survey of Pakistan). Certain ethnicities such as Muhajir and Baluchis showed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors when compared to other ethnicities in the indigenous Pakistani population. The results also indicate that the prevalence of obesity is 10-20% higher among the immigrant Pakistanis than in the indigenous Pakistanis. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The relatively high prevalence of obesity and associated CVD risk factors (especially in women) among both indigenous and immigrant Pakistani populations require the attention of the healthcare professionals and policy makers, both inside and outside Pakistan.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125954.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Heart Rate Variability Is a Predictor of Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Report from the CRIC Study

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Low heart rate variability (HRV) is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in the general population. We aimed to determine the factors associated with HRV and evaluate the association between low HRV and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A 10-second electrocardiogram was obtained at baseline in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. HRV was measured by the standard deviation of all R-R intervals (SDNN) and the root mean square of successive differences between R-R intervals (RMSSD). <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 3,245 CRIC participants with available baseline SDNN and RMSSD, lower HRV was associated with older age, lack of exercise, heart failure, elevated phosphorus and hemoglobin A1c, and low estimated glomerular filtration rate. After a median follow-up of 4.2 years, in fully adjusted models, lower HRV was not associated with renal [SDNN: hazard rate, HR = 0.96 (95% confidence interval, CI 0.88-1.05); RMSSD: HR = 0.97 (95% CI 0.88-1.07)] or cardiovascular outcomes [SDNN: HR = 1.02 (95% CI 0.92-1.13); RMSSD: HR = 1.00 (95% CI 0.90-1.10)]. There was a nonlinear relationship between RMSSD and all-cause mortality with increased risk with both low and high RMSSD (p = 0.04). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In a large cohort of patients with CKD, multiple risk factors for renal and cardiovascular diseases were associated with lower HRV. Lower HRV was not associated with increased risk for renal or cardiovascular outcomes, but both low and high RMSSD were associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality. In conclusion, HRV measured by RMSSD may be a novel and independent risk factor for mortality in CKD patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125942
title: Supplementary Material for: Multiplicity of Risk Factors in Ischemic Stroke Patients: Relations to Age, Sex, and Subtype - A Study of 2,505 Patients from the Lund Stroke Register

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The prevalence of risk factors for ischemic stroke may vary between different groups of stroke patients. We examined the distribution of individual well-established risk factors as well as the multiplicity of risk factors in different age groups and among subtypes. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In the Lund Stroke Register, we consecutively enrolled 2,505 patients with first-ever ischemic stroke from 2001 to 2009 and registered hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, current smoking, hypercholesterolemia as well as stroke subtype. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among young patients (&lt;55 years), at least 50% had ≥2 risk factors and 20-25% had ≥3 risk factors. In patients aged 55 years or older, the proportion with ≥2 risk factors was 70-80% and with ≥3 risk factors 35-45%. Men and women had a similar burden of risk factors. Approximately 50% of the cases classified as cardioembolism (CE) and large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) had ≥3 risk factors, which was significantly more than the other TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) subtypes (CE p &lt; 0.001, LAA p = 0.001). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The prevalence of well-established risk factors is similar among young and old stroke patients with large proportions (50-80%) having ≥2 risk factors. Even though the prevalence of well-established risk factors differs between pathogenetic subtypes, these risk factors as well as the multiplicity of risk factors seem to be of clinical importance in all major subtypes of ischemic stroke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125948.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Genetically Modified T Cells for the Treatment of Malignant Disease

description: <b><i>Summary</i></b>The broaden application of adoptive T-cell transfer has been constrained by the technical abilities to isolate and expand antigen-specific T cells potent to selectively kill tumor cells. With the recent progress in the design and manufacturing of cellular products, T cells used in the treatment of malignant diseases may be regarded as anticancer biopharmaceuticals. Genetical manipulation of T cells has given T cells desired specificity but also enable to tailor their activation and proliferation potential. Here, we summarize the recent developments in genetic engineering of T-cell-based biopharmaceuticals, covering criteria for their clinical application in regard to safety and efficacy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5125951.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among the Indigenous and Immigrant Pakistani Population: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Aim:</i></b> The aim of this study was to systematically describe the gender and ethnic differences regarding the prevalence of general/central obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia among the indigenous and immigrant Pakistani communities. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The search engine used was PubMed, supplemented with regional data from the Medical Institutes of Pakistan. The focus was on the adult Pakistani population (18 years and older). <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found only 7 studies among the immigrant Pakistani community and 24 studies among the indigenous Pakistani community. The studies had limitations such as low participation rates and use of self-reported data. There is a higher prevalence of central obesity among women (42.2%) than among men (14.7%) (National Health Survey of Pakistan). Certain ethnicities such as Muhajir and Baluchis showed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors when compared to other ethnicities in the indigenous Pakistani population. The results also indicate that the prevalence of obesity is 10-20% higher among the immigrant Pakistanis than in the indigenous Pakistanis. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The relatively high prevalence of obesity and associated CVD risk factors (especially in women) among both indigenous and immigrant Pakistani populations require the attention of the healthcare professionals and policy makers, both inside and outside Pakistan.