cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12853581
title: Flagellar motility during sperm chemotaxis and phototaxis in fucalean algae

description: The swimming of male gametes of brown algae is controlled by two heterokont flagella, regardless of reproductive system, but the patterns of flagellar movement can vary. We investigated sperm chemotaxis and phototaxis in four oogamous Australasian fucalean species. Sperm morphology was similar to that of male gametes of isogamous and anisogamous species but their chemotactic behaviours were much closer to those of other oogamous species than those of isogamous and anisogamous species. Moreover, unlike anisogamous species, sperm chemotaxis of the oogamous species, <i>Hormosira banksii</i>, was not inhibited by a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, theophylline, suggesting variability in regulatory mechanisms of sperm chemotaxis amongst brown algae. In our previous work, lower extracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup>, supernatant of female gametes and theophylline induced the reversal of phototactic signs in anisogamous male gametes. In contrast, lower extracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> and theophylline did not significantly affect phototaxis in sperm of the oogamous <i>H. banksii</i>. Moreover, high extracellular Ca<sup>2+</sup> and supernatant of eggs disrupted the negative phototaxis but did not reverse their phototactic sign. These results suggest that the regulation of phototaxis also varies amongst brown algal gametes. Further investigation of brown algal species is warranted to assess the generality of these patterns of chemotaxis and phototaxis among anisogamous and oogamous gametes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11341136
title: Cyber-Physical Systems: a multi-criteria assessment for Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems

description: This article addresses a multi-criteria decision problem regarding the more suitable device (system) to perform a task for cyber-physical systems. New embedded systems provided everyday makes engineers’ decision very difficult. Components are proposed to formally describe solutions, criteria, constraints and priorities, taking into account users’ specific aspects. To materialise all formal descriptions, a model-driven approach is followed, allowing the design of enablers for interoperability with standards. It is enabled the use of different software languages and decision methods. Proposed framework enables a better Internet-of-Things system selection, and therefore stakeholders can perform a more suitable design of their cyber-physical enterprise systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11341136.v1
title: Cyber-Physical Systems: a multi-criteria assessment for Internet-of-Things (IoT) systems

description: This article addresses a multi-criteria decision problem regarding the more suitable device (system) to perform a task for cyber-physical systems. New embedded systems provided everyday makes engineers’ decision very difficult. Components are proposed to formally describe solutions, criteria, constraints and priorities, taking into account users’ specific aspects. To materialise all formal descriptions, a model-driven approach is followed, allowing the design of enablers for interoperability with standards. It is enabled the use of different software languages and decision methods. Proposed framework enables a better Internet-of-Things system selection, and therefore stakeholders can perform a more suitable design of their cyber-physical enterprise systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12103425
title: Genetic diversity of a marine foundation species, <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> (Gunnerus) Foslie, along the coast of Ireland

description: Worldwide, kelp populations are stressed by warming, increased storms and other anthropogenic disturbances. Marine population distributions are projected to retreat poleward with climate change if they cannot adapt to changing conditions, which would potentially lead to a regime shift in subtidal habitats. In Northern Europe, <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> is a subtidal ecosystem engineer whose distribution has shifted over millennia, leaving predicted areas of high genetic diversity from the last glacial maximum (LGM) near its southern distribution limit in the Iberian Peninsula. In Ireland, <i>L. hyperborea</i> structures communities by supporting diverse faunal assemblages and producing large quantities of organic carbon throughout the year. We investigated the genetic diversity of eight populations, ranging from the southern coast to the north-west of Ireland, using nine microsatellite loci. Diversity was found to be highest in Lough Hyne, a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), near the predicted climate refugium. We found evidence of isolation by distance, with high connectivity between populations that were geographically close, probably driven by short range dispersal of <i>L. hyperborea</i> propagules. Genetic diversity (measured as expected heterozygosity and allelic richness) was highest at Lough Hyne, and decreased northwards, as predicted from past range shifts. Expected heterozygosity was highest at Lough Hyne (0.706) and decreased northward, with the lowest value at Bridges of Ross (0.283). Based on these patterns, further fine-scale investigation into population diversity, dispersal and potential resilience in Irish kelp forests are necessary as warming and non-native species are observed more and more frequently.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12103425.v1
title: Genetic diversity of a marine foundation species, <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> (Gunnerus) Foslie, along the coast of Ireland

description: Worldwide, kelp populations are stressed by warming, increased storms and other anthropogenic disturbances. Marine population distributions are projected to retreat poleward with climate change if they cannot adapt to changing conditions, which would potentially lead to a regime shift in subtidal habitats. In Northern Europe, <i>Laminaria hyperborea</i> is a subtidal ecosystem engineer whose distribution has shifted over millennia, leaving predicted areas of high genetic diversity from the last glacial maximum (LGM) near its southern distribution limit in the Iberian Peninsula. In Ireland, <i>L. hyperborea</i> structures communities by supporting diverse faunal assemblages and producing large quantities of organic carbon throughout the year. We investigated the genetic diversity of eight populations, ranging from the southern coast to the north-west of Ireland, using nine microsatellite loci. Diversity was found to be highest in Lough Hyne, a Special Area of Conservation (SAC), near the predicted climate refugium. We found evidence of isolation by distance, with high connectivity between populations that were geographically close, probably driven by short range dispersal of <i>L. hyperborea</i> propagules. Genetic diversity (measured as expected heterozygosity and allelic richness) was highest at Lough Hyne, and decreased northwards, as predicted from past range shifts. Expected heterozygosity was highest at Lough Hyne (0.706) and decreased northward, with the lowest value at Bridges of Ross (0.283). Based on these patterns, further fine-scale investigation into population diversity, dispersal and potential resilience in Irish kelp forests are necessary as warming and non-native species are observed more and more frequently.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12853563
title: Iron uptake proteins in algae and the role of Iron Starvation-Induced Proteins (ISIPs)

description: Iron is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, and it is essential for life. Despite the abundance of iron, its chemistry leads to very limited bioavailability, which has resulted in the evolution of a wide range of proteins involved in uptake and scavenging. However, because high intracellular concentrations of iron are toxic, iron homeostasis is essential for every organism. Approximately 30–40% of the ocean’s surface is characterized by very low chlorophyll concentrations and high concentrations of nitrate and phosphate. These High Nutrient-Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions are also characterized by low concentrations of iron, and studies on low-iron adapted diatom strains revealed the presence of iron starvation-induced proteins (ISIP), a group of unrelated novel proteins that are strongly up-regulated under iron limitation. First functional characterizations show that some of these ISIP proteins are involved in iron uptake. Here, we compare iron-uptake/storage proteins from 15 different algal species demonstrating that some well-characterized uptake proteins such as Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Proteins (NRAMP) or the iron transporter1 (FTR1)-like permease show high similarities throughout the 15 algal species, while others such as Zinc-Regulated Transporter (ZRT)- and Iron-Regulated Transporter (IRT)-like proteins (ZIP) have a higher diversity amongst the algae analysed here. The focus of this review is ISIP proteins, which are distinct from ZIP, NRAMP and FTR1 permeases. ISIP2 proteins are transferrin-like proteins involved in Fe<sup>3+</sup> uptake and ISIP1 is responsible for endocytosis of siderophore-bound iron. Additionally, <i>in-silico</i> analysis, combined with our localization study in a marine diatom, suggests that ISIP3 acts as an iron storage protein. Overall, our analysis concludes that marine algae combine iron uptake strategies widespread in other organisms, with algal-specific ISIPs as additional proteins for the utilization of diverse iron pools, thereby securing their success in iron-poor regions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12853563.v1
title: Iron uptake proteins in algae and the role of Iron Starvation-Induced Proteins (ISIPs)

description: Iron is one of the most abundant elements on Earth, and it is essential for life. Despite the abundance of iron, its chemistry leads to very limited bioavailability, which has resulted in the evolution of a wide range of proteins involved in uptake and scavenging. However, because high intracellular concentrations of iron are toxic, iron homeostasis is essential for every organism. Approximately 30–40% of the ocean’s surface is characterized by very low chlorophyll concentrations and high concentrations of nitrate and phosphate. These High Nutrient-Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) regions are also characterized by low concentrations of iron, and studies on low-iron adapted diatom strains revealed the presence of iron starvation-induced proteins (ISIP), a group of unrelated novel proteins that are strongly up-regulated under iron limitation. First functional characterizations show that some of these ISIP proteins are involved in iron uptake. Here, we compare iron-uptake/storage proteins from 15 different algal species demonstrating that some well-characterized uptake proteins such as Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Proteins (NRAMP) or the iron transporter1 (FTR1)-like permease show high similarities throughout the 15 algal species, while others such as Zinc-Regulated Transporter (ZRT)- and Iron-Regulated Transporter (IRT)-like proteins (ZIP) have a higher diversity amongst the algae analysed here. The focus of this review is ISIP proteins, which are distinct from ZIP, NRAMP and FTR1 permeases. ISIP2 proteins are transferrin-like proteins involved in Fe<sup>3+</sup> uptake and ISIP1 is responsible for endocytosis of siderophore-bound iron. Additionally, <i>in-silico</i> analysis, combined with our localization study in a marine diatom, suggests that ISIP3 acts as an iron storage protein. Overall, our analysis concludes that marine algae combine iron uptake strategies widespread in other organisms, with algal-specific ISIPs as additional proteins for the utilization of diverse iron pools, thereby securing their success in iron-poor regions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11931702
title: A re-evaluation of <i>Palmaria</i> (Palmariaceae, Rhodophyta) in the North-West Pacific

description: To understand the phylogenetic relationships within Palmariaceae and taxonomic position of the red algal species of genus <i>Palmaria</i> in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, a molecular study was undertaken of <i>Palmaria sensu lato, Halosaccion</i> and <i>Devaleraea</i> species based on sequence data of the nuclear ITS and plastid <i>rbc</i>L. The monophyly of the Palmariaceae was confirmed, although the genus <i>Palmaria sensu lato</i> was strongly supported as paraphyletic, comprising two independent clades, one of only <i>P. palmata</i> and the other, species from the North Pacific. The data also revealed that <i>P. stenogona</i> and <i>P. marginicrassa</i> were genetically most closely related to <i>Devaleraea</i> spp. These results changed the interpretation of the genera <i>Palmaria</i> and <i>Devaleraea</i> and supported a transfer of both <i>Palmaria</i> species to the genus <i>Devaleraea</i>, thus necessitating new combinations, <i>D. stenogona</i> and <i>D. marginicrassa</i>. In the interpretation proposed here, <i>Palmaria sensu stricto</i> is a monotypic genus with a single species <i>P. palmata</i> and apparently confined to the North Atlantic, while <i>Devaleraea</i> includes at least 10 species from the North Pacific among which <i>D. ramentacea</i> occur in both the North Atlantic and North Pacific. These data are in accordance with earlier studies. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to revise the taxonomy of <i>Palmaria hecatensis</i> in order to complete the revision of <i>Palmaria sensu lato</i> and <i>Devaleraea</i> in the northern hemisphere. Our results also confirm the generic affinities of <i>Halosaccon yendoi</i>, recovered from <i>Devaleraea</i> in 2016. Based on a study of seasonal variability in the morphology of <i>D. stenogona</i>, a detailed description of the species <i>D. stenogona</i> is presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12240254
title: First report of saxitoxins and anatoxin-a production by cyanobacteria from Lithuanian lakes

description: This study describes the first report on saxitoxins (STXs) and anatoxin-a (ANTX-a) production by cyanobacteria in Lithuanian lakes. Seasonal fluctuation patterns for neurotoxins were determined in samples collected from eutrophic lakes during July–September. Strains of <i>Aphanizomenon gracile, A. flos-aquae, Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi, Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides</i> and <i>Anabaenopsis</i> cf. <i>elenkinii</i> were also isolated from the lakes and screened for the occurrence of neurotoxic STXs, ANTX-a and for the cytotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN). The highest concentration of STX (up to 1.06 µg l<sup>–1</sup> in Lake Jieznas) was detected during July‒August and coincided with a predominance of <i>A. gracile</i> in the phytoplankton. Of the isolated strains, only <i>A. gracile</i> was confirmed to be a producer of STXs by chemical (LC-MS/MS) and genetic (<i>sxt</i>A) methods. Sequencing of the phycocyanin intergenic spacer and flanking regions (<i>cpc</i>BA) revealed that <i>A. gracile</i> formed a genetically homogenous group. Only trace amounts of ANTX-a were detected in field samples (up to 0.31 µg l<sup>–1</sup> in Lake Širvys). CYN was detected in neither the bloom samples nor in the isolated strains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12240254.v1
title: First report of saxitoxins and anatoxin-a production by cyanobacteria from Lithuanian lakes

description: This study describes the first report on saxitoxins (STXs) and anatoxin-a (ANTX-a) production by cyanobacteria in Lithuanian lakes. Seasonal fluctuation patterns for neurotoxins were determined in samples collected from eutrophic lakes during July–September. Strains of <i>Aphanizomenon gracile, A. flos-aquae, Cuspidothrix issatschenkoi, Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides</i> and <i>Anabaenopsis</i> cf. <i>elenkinii</i> were also isolated from the lakes and screened for the occurrence of neurotoxic STXs, ANTX-a and for the cytotoxin cylindrospermopsin (CYN). The highest concentration of STX (up to 1.06 µg l<sup>–1</sup> in Lake Jieznas) was detected during July‒August and coincided with a predominance of <i>A. gracile</i> in the phytoplankton. Of the isolated strains, only <i>A. gracile</i> was confirmed to be a producer of STXs by chemical (LC-MS/MS) and genetic (<i>sxt</i>A) methods. Sequencing of the phycocyanin intergenic spacer and flanking regions (<i>cpc</i>BA) revealed that <i>A. gracile</i> formed a genetically homogenous group. Only trace amounts of ANTX-a were detected in field samples (up to 0.31 µg l<sup>–1</sup> in Lake Širvys). CYN was detected in neither the bloom samples nor in the isolated strains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11931702.v1
title: A re-evaluation of <i>Palmaria</i> (Palmariaceae, Rhodophyta) in the North-West Pacific

description: To understand the phylogenetic relationships within Palmariaceae and taxonomic position of the red algal species of genus <i>Palmaria</i> in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, a molecular study was undertaken of <i>Palmaria sensu lato, Halosaccion</i> and <i>Devaleraea</i> species based on sequence data of the nuclear ITS and plastid <i>rbc</i>L. The monophyly of the Palmariaceae was confirmed, although the genus <i>Palmaria sensu lato</i> was strongly supported as paraphyletic, comprising two independent clades, one of only <i>P. palmata</i> and the other, species from the North Pacific. The data also revealed that <i>P. stenogona</i> and <i>P. marginicrassa</i> were genetically most closely related to <i>Devaleraea</i> spp. These results changed the interpretation of the genera <i>Palmaria</i> and <i>Devaleraea</i> and supported a transfer of both <i>Palmaria</i> species to the genus <i>Devaleraea</i>, thus necessitating new combinations, <i>D. stenogona</i> and <i>D. marginicrassa</i>. In the interpretation proposed here, <i>Palmaria sensu stricto</i> is a monotypic genus with a single species <i>P. palmata</i> and apparently confined to the North Atlantic, while <i>Devaleraea</i> includes at least 10 species from the North Pacific among which <i>D. ramentacea</i> occur in both the North Atlantic and North Pacific. These data are in accordance with earlier studies. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to revise the taxonomy of <i>Palmaria hecatensis</i> in order to complete the revision of <i>Palmaria sensu lato</i> and <i>Devaleraea</i> in the northern hemisphere. Our results also confirm the generic affinities of <i>Halosaccon yendoi</i>, recovered from <i>Devaleraea</i> in 2016. Based on a study of seasonal variability in the morphology of <i>D. stenogona</i>, a detailed description of the species <i>D. stenogona</i> is presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11940471.v1
title: Boom-bust of <i>Sargassum muticum</i> in northern Spain: 30 years of invasion

description: The brown seaweed <i>Sargassum muticum</i> is one of the best-studied invasive marine species, although most studies are short-term and focus on the expansion phase of invasion. Here I report 30 years of observations of the invasion of the north coast of Spain by <i>S. muticum</i> at regional (400 km coastline) and local scales (at the site where the invasion was first detected). At the local scale, this long-term series reveals a ‘boom-bust’ process where the expansion (‘boom’) phase lasted 12 years and the decline (‘bust’) was completed in 8 years. This cycle is supported by evidence at the regional scale. The impact of <i>S. muticum</i> on the recipient assemblages was only moderate during the initial ‘boom’ phase of the invasion and negligible afterwards. In conclusion, 30 years after its first observation in the region, <i>Sargassum muticum</i> can be considered an addition to the algal flora rather than a threat to the native assemblages.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11965083
title: Auxosporulation in <i>Biddulphia tridens</i> (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg (Mediophyceae, Bacillariophyta)

description: We documented male and female gametogenesis, auxospore structure and development of the biddulphioid diatom species <i>Biddulphia tridens</i> (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg, a close relative of the generitype. Our mating experiments showed that the <i>B. tridens</i> clones were homothallic, self-fertile and produced two eggs per oogonium. During spermatogenesis, spermatogonia developed by depauperating mitosis from spermatogonangium cells and four hologenous uniflagellate male gametes were produced per spermatocyte. In the early stage of auxospore development, cells were globular to sub-globular in shape and covered with a siliceous envelope. The incunabular scales on these auxospores showed a great diversity in size and shape. In the later stages of development, auxospores grew anisodiametrically, facilitated by transverse perizonial bands. Initial epivalve formation was preceded by the retraction of the protoplast from the auxospore wall. The structural features of sex cells such as incunabular scales found in <i>B. tridens</i> are distinct from other broadly defined biddulphioid diatoms thus far examined. This is consistent with the distant relationship between true <i>Biddulphia</i> species and the <i>Biddulphia</i>-like diatoms indicated by molecular phylogenies. Morphological and molecular examination of <i>B. tridens</i> clones were performed here only to confirm species identity. This complete reproductive dataset from a true <i>Biddulphia</i> species will provide valuable insights for future studies of the relationships between <i>Biddulphia</i>-like diatoms and true <i>Biddulphia</i> species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11965083.v1
title: Auxosporulation in <i>Biddulphia tridens</i> (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg (Mediophyceae, Bacillariophyta)

description: We documented male and female gametogenesis, auxospore structure and development of the biddulphioid diatom species <i>Biddulphia tridens</i> (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg, a close relative of the generitype. Our mating experiments showed that the <i>B. tridens</i> clones were homothallic, self-fertile and produced two eggs per oogonium. During spermatogenesis, spermatogonia developed by depauperating mitosis from spermatogonangium cells and four hologenous uniflagellate male gametes were produced per spermatocyte. In the early stage of auxospore development, cells were globular to sub-globular in shape and covered with a siliceous envelope. The incunabular scales on these auxospores showed a great diversity in size and shape. In the later stages of development, auxospores grew anisodiametrically, facilitated by transverse perizonial bands. Initial epivalve formation was preceded by the retraction of the protoplast from the auxospore wall. The structural features of sex cells such as incunabular scales found in <i>B. tridens</i> are distinct from other broadly defined biddulphioid diatoms thus far examined. This is consistent with the distant relationship between true <i>Biddulphia</i> species and the <i>Biddulphia</i>-like diatoms indicated by molecular phylogenies. Morphological and molecular examination of <i>B. tridens</i> clones were performed here only to confirm species identity. This complete reproductive dataset from a true <i>Biddulphia</i> species will provide valuable insights for future studies of the relationships between <i>Biddulphia</i>-like diatoms and true <i>Biddulphia</i> species.