cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056397.v1
title: Growth, nutrition and efficiency in the transport, uptake and use of nutrients in african mahogany

description: ABSTRACT African mahogany is a species preferred by many entrepreneurs as an investment in the forestry sector. However, there are few studies or research on the species, especially in Brazil. The aim of this work was to study the efficiency of nutrient uptake, accumulation, distribution and use in Khaya ivorensis and Khaya senegalensis, in addition to aspects of growth variables and of dry matter partitioning as a function of mineral fertilisation. Morphological, physiological and nutritional parameters were determined in the African mahogany plants 140 days after transplanting (DAT). The greatest zinc (Zn) content was detected in the shoots of both the Khaya ivorensis and Khaya senegalensis plants, accounting for more than 50% of the accumulated total of the plants with added nutrient solution. Maintaining the plants of Khaya senegalensis and Khaya ivorensis with the use of nutrient solution provides the best conditions for nutrient use, and allows plants with excellent morphological and nutritional characteristics to be ready for the field within five months after transplanting in a shaded nursery. The most efficient uptake, transport and use of macro and micronutrients is found in the species Khaya senegalensis with the addition of nutrient solution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056436
title: Sunflower fertigated with potassium fertilization in two agricultural seasons in the Brazilian semiarid region

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of potassium doses on the production components of sunflower cultivars grown in the semiarid climate region. The experiment was carried out in two agricultural seasons, in 2016 and 2017, at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in split plots, with four replicates. Five potassium doses were evaluated in the plots: 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 of K2O, and four sunflower cultivars were evaluated in the subplots: Aguará 6, Altis 99, Multissol and BRS 122. The evaluated characteristics were: K content in the diagnostic leaf (KDL), thousand-achene weight (TAW), achene yield (AY), oil content (OC) and oil yield (OY). Potassium doses directly influenced agronomic variables, promoting better performance. The best K2O doses for sunflower yield were 77.7 and 80.2 kg ha-1 in the first season for the cultivars Altis 99 and Aguará 6, and 65.9 and 69.5 kg ha-1 in the second season for Altis 99 and Aguará 6. In the first season, the production results were higher than in the second, and the cultivars Aguará 6 and Altis 99 obtained the highest achene yield and oil yield in both agricultural seasons.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056436.v1
title: Sunflower fertigated with potassium fertilization in two agricultural seasons in the Brazilian semiarid region

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of potassium doses on the production components of sunflower cultivars grown in the semiarid climate region. The experiment was carried out in two agricultural seasons, in 2016 and 2017, at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, in split plots, with four replicates. Five potassium doses were evaluated in the plots: 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1 of K2O, and four sunflower cultivars were evaluated in the subplots: Aguará 6, Altis 99, Multissol and BRS 122. The evaluated characteristics were: K content in the diagnostic leaf (KDL), thousand-achene weight (TAW), achene yield (AY), oil content (OC) and oil yield (OY). Potassium doses directly influenced agronomic variables, promoting better performance. The best K2O doses for sunflower yield were 77.7 and 80.2 kg ha-1 in the first season for the cultivars Altis 99 and Aguará 6, and 65.9 and 69.5 kg ha-1 in the second season for Altis 99 and Aguará 6. In the first season, the production results were higher than in the second, and the cultivars Aguará 6 and Altis 99 obtained the highest achene yield and oil yield in both agricultural seasons.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056433.v1
title: Digestible tryptophan requirement for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the digestible tryptophan requirement of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings and its relationship with digestible lysine. A total of 300 tambaqui fingerlings with three initial weights (2.12 ± 1.19, 8.13 ± 0.75, and 15.18 ± 1.91 g) were distributed in a randomized complete block design, consisting of six treatments (0.225, 0.256, 0.288, 0.319, 0.350, and 0.381% of digestible tryptophan) and five replicates of 10 fish per plot. The tryptophan to lysine ratio was estimated using a 1.78% level of digestible lysine. Variables regarding performance, food efficiency, and body deposition of protein, fat, and ashes, and nitrogen retention efficiency were evaluated. Feed intake and nitrogen retention efficiency did not vary. For the digestible tryptophan intake, feed conversion and body deposition of ashes, the model that best fit was the Linear Response Plateau, with these variables improving with the elevation of digestible tryptophan concentration up to the levels of 0.335, 0.276 and 0.259%, respectively. Weight gain, specific growth rate, digestible tryptophan efficiency for weight gain, and body deposition of protein and fat increased in a quadratic manner with elevated digestible tryptophan levels; the estimated optimal levels were 0.320, 0.310, 0.280, 0.323 and 0.299%, respectively. The recommended digestible tryptophan level in rations for tambaqui fingerlings is 0.323%, corresponding to 0.108%/Mcal of digestible energy with a digestible tryptophan to lysine ratio of 18%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056433
title: Digestible tryptophan requirement for tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the digestible tryptophan requirement of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) fingerlings and its relationship with digestible lysine. A total of 300 tambaqui fingerlings with three initial weights (2.12 ± 1.19, 8.13 ± 0.75, and 15.18 ± 1.91 g) were distributed in a randomized complete block design, consisting of six treatments (0.225, 0.256, 0.288, 0.319, 0.350, and 0.381% of digestible tryptophan) and five replicates of 10 fish per plot. The tryptophan to lysine ratio was estimated using a 1.78% level of digestible lysine. Variables regarding performance, food efficiency, and body deposition of protein, fat, and ashes, and nitrogen retention efficiency were evaluated. Feed intake and nitrogen retention efficiency did not vary. For the digestible tryptophan intake, feed conversion and body deposition of ashes, the model that best fit was the Linear Response Plateau, with these variables improving with the elevation of digestible tryptophan concentration up to the levels of 0.335, 0.276 and 0.259%, respectively. Weight gain, specific growth rate, digestible tryptophan efficiency for weight gain, and body deposition of protein and fat increased in a quadratic manner with elevated digestible tryptophan levels; the estimated optimal levels were 0.320, 0.310, 0.280, 0.323 and 0.299%, respectively. The recommended digestible tryptophan level in rations for tambaqui fingerlings is 0.323%, corresponding to 0.108%/Mcal of digestible energy with a digestible tryptophan to lysine ratio of 18%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326975
title: Homeopathic additives and virginiamycin® in grazing beef cattle

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of homeopathic additives and the non-ionophore antibiotic virginiamicin® on intake, digestibility, metabolic characteristics and carcase characteristics in Nellore bulls under supplemented grazing. Twelve uncastrated Nellore bulls were used, with an initial mean weight of 346.04 ± 13.33 kg and initial age of 20.00 ± 2.00 months. The animals were kept in individual paddocks of Urochloa decumbens Stapf. (syn. Brachiaria) and divided into two treatments: Lipomax® - supplement concentrate with homeopathic additives (Convert H®, Sodo 100®, Figotonus®) and a non-ionophore antibiotic (Virginiamycin®); Control - supplement concentrate containing the same protein content, but with no additives. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomised design. Intake, the apparent digestibility of the dietary constituents and the metabolic characteristics of the bulls were not affected by supplementation with additives (P&gt;0.05). Lipomax® improved weight gain in the animals (P&lt;0.05) and the hot and cold carcase weight was also higher in animals supplemented with Lipomax® (P&lt;0.05). The proportion of muscle and fatty tissue in the carcase was not affected by supplementation with additives (P&gt;0.05). Supplementation with homeopathic additives and virginiamicina® had a positive effect on performance and on hot and cold carcase weight in grazing Nellore bulls.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326975.v1
title: Homeopathic additives and virginiamycin® in grazing beef cattle

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of homeopathic additives and the non-ionophore antibiotic virginiamicin® on intake, digestibility, metabolic characteristics and carcase characteristics in Nellore bulls under supplemented grazing. Twelve uncastrated Nellore bulls were used, with an initial mean weight of 346.04 ± 13.33 kg and initial age of 20.00 ± 2.00 months. The animals were kept in individual paddocks of Urochloa decumbens Stapf. (syn. Brachiaria) and divided into two treatments: Lipomax® - supplement concentrate with homeopathic additives (Convert H®, Sodo 100®, Figotonus®) and a non-ionophore antibiotic (Virginiamycin®); Control - supplement concentrate containing the same protein content, but with no additives. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomised design. Intake, the apparent digestibility of the dietary constituents and the metabolic characteristics of the bulls were not affected by supplementation with additives (P&gt;0.05). Lipomax® improved weight gain in the animals (P&lt;0.05) and the hot and cold carcase weight was also higher in animals supplemented with Lipomax® (P&lt;0.05). The proportion of muscle and fatty tissue in the carcase was not affected by supplementation with additives (P&gt;0.05). Supplementation with homeopathic additives and virginiamicina® had a positive effect on performance and on hot and cold carcase weight in grazing Nellore bulls.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326980
title: Effects of ascorbic acid on the germination and vigour of cowpea seeds under water stress

description: ABSTRACT Water is one of the most compromising factors in the germination and initial growth of seedlings, where its restriction causes a reduction in the water potential of cells in addition to causing oxidative stress. Ascorbic acid (AsA) is known to protect organelles and cells against the accumulation of ROS. The aim of this work was to study the effects of ascorbic acid on the conditioning of cowpea seeds subjected to water stress. The seeds of the BRS Marataoã and Setentão genotypes were conditioned at a concentration of 0.0 (control), 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mM AsA, and sown on paper rolls (Germitest®) moistened with mannitol solution at a potential of 0.0 (control), -0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa, and stored in a germination chamber (BOD) at 25 ºC. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomised design, in a 2×5×5 factorial scheme, with four replications of 50 seeds per treatment. The variables under analysis were percentage germination, first germination count, germination speed index, shoot and root length, total seedling dry weight and electrolyte leakage in the leaves and roots. Conditioning the seeds with ascorbic acid at a concentration of 0.50 mM for the BRS Marataoã genotype and 0.75 mM for the Setentão genotype, enabled the development of more vigorous seedlings and a reduction in the damage caused to the membranes by oxidative stress, both in the absence of a water deficit and at the osmotic potentials under test, including at the lowest potential.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326980.v1
title: Effects of ascorbic acid on the germination and vigour of cowpea seeds under water stress

description: ABSTRACT Water is one of the most compromising factors in the germination and initial growth of seedlings, where its restriction causes a reduction in the water potential of cells in addition to causing oxidative stress. Ascorbic acid (AsA) is known to protect organelles and cells against the accumulation of ROS. The aim of this work was to study the effects of ascorbic acid on the conditioning of cowpea seeds subjected to water stress. The seeds of the BRS Marataoã and Setentão genotypes were conditioned at a concentration of 0.0 (control), 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00 mM AsA, and sown on paper rolls (Germitest®) moistened with mannitol solution at a potential of 0.0 (control), -0.3, -0.6, -0.9 and -1.2 MPa, and stored in a germination chamber (BOD) at 25 ºC. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomised design, in a 2×5×5 factorial scheme, with four replications of 50 seeds per treatment. The variables under analysis were percentage germination, first germination count, germination speed index, shoot and root length, total seedling dry weight and electrolyte leakage in the leaves and roots. Conditioning the seeds with ascorbic acid at a concentration of 0.50 mM for the BRS Marataoã genotype and 0.75 mM for the Setentão genotype, enabled the development of more vigorous seedlings and a reduction in the damage caused to the membranes by oxidative stress, both in the absence of a water deficit and at the osmotic potentials under test, including at the lowest potential.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326978.v1
title: Hydrological behaviour of vertisols in the Brazilian semi-arid region: the importance of rainfall of less than 30 mm

description: ABSTRACT The greater probability of small rainfall events occurring in semi-arid regions, and the little understanding of their role in hydrological processes, has led to this investigation of surface runoff generated during these events in two adjacent micro basins in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The types of plant cover to be investigated were the Phytogeographical Caatinga Domain under regeneration for 35 years (CPDReg) and thinned CPD (CPDThin), which consisted of the elimination of trees with a diameter of &lt;10 cm. Two historical series were considered, one of 40 years (1974-2013) with 2,259 events and the other consisting of 247 rainfall events of &lt;30 mm from 2009 to 2013. The cumulative frequency distribution showed that the series of 247 24-hour events proved to be statistically representative in investigating hydrological processes in the Brazilian semi-arid region, compared to the long series of 2,259 events. Irrespective of the pattern, rainfall with an intensity of less than 17 mm h-1 generated effective precipitation with small depths (&lt;2 mm). Regardless of the rainfall pattern, the lowest effective precipitation was registered for the plant cover of thinned CPD, both on an annual scale and per event. The occurrence of 3 or 4 consecutive dry days is enough for events of &lt;30 mm to generate no runoff, due to the appearance of micro-cracks formed in vertisols during the drying process. It is believed, therefore, that the expansion and contraction of vertic soils is the main determinant for the start of Pe in areas with a water source (micro basins of &lt;2 ha) in the CPD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326978
title: Hydrological behaviour of vertisols in the Brazilian semi-arid region: the importance of rainfall of less than 30 mm

description: ABSTRACT The greater probability of small rainfall events occurring in semi-arid regions, and the little understanding of their role in hydrological processes, has led to this investigation of surface runoff generated during these events in two adjacent micro basins in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The types of plant cover to be investigated were the Phytogeographical Caatinga Domain under regeneration for 35 years (CPDReg) and thinned CPD (CPDThin), which consisted of the elimination of trees with a diameter of &lt;10 cm. Two historical series were considered, one of 40 years (1974-2013) with 2,259 events and the other consisting of 247 rainfall events of &lt;30 mm from 2009 to 2013. The cumulative frequency distribution showed that the series of 247 24-hour events proved to be statistically representative in investigating hydrological processes in the Brazilian semi-arid region, compared to the long series of 2,259 events. Irrespective of the pattern, rainfall with an intensity of less than 17 mm h-1 generated effective precipitation with small depths (&lt;2 mm). Regardless of the rainfall pattern, the lowest effective precipitation was registered for the plant cover of thinned CPD, both on an annual scale and per event. The occurrence of 3 or 4 consecutive dry days is enough for events of &lt;30 mm to generate no runoff, due to the appearance of micro-cracks formed in vertisols during the drying process. It is believed, therefore, that the expansion and contraction of vertic soils is the main determinant for the start of Pe in areas with a water source (micro basins of &lt;2 ha) in the CPD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326983
title: Apis mellifera discrimination between flowers of commercial types of melon and implications to crop pollination

description: ABSTRACT We investigated the foraging pattern of A. mellifera in five commercial types of melon (Yellow, Cantaloupe, Charentais, Galia and Piel de Sapo) grown side by side. We also observed if this bee species can discriminate between flowers of the five melon types and if it shows preference for flowers of any of them. Results showed that the bees visit flowers of all types of melon throughout the day collecting pollen and nectar in similar foraging patterns. However, they visited significantly more flowers of the Cantaloupe type followed by the types Piel de Sapo and Yellow, while the melons type Galia and Charentais were the least visited by the bees. This behavior has implications for the use of A. mellifera for melon pollination, requiring that the bees be managed according to the type of melon cultivated. It also highlights the need to find out what makes flowers of some melon types to be more visited than others in order to select within the less visited types of melon for cultivars more attractive to the bees.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326983.v1
title: Apis mellifera discrimination between flowers of commercial types of melon and implications to crop pollination

description: ABSTRACT We investigated the foraging pattern of A. mellifera in five commercial types of melon (Yellow, Cantaloupe, Charentais, Galia and Piel de Sapo) grown side by side. We also observed if this bee species can discriminate between flowers of the five melon types and if it shows preference for flowers of any of them. Results showed that the bees visit flowers of all types of melon throughout the day collecting pollen and nectar in similar foraging patterns. However, they visited significantly more flowers of the Cantaloupe type followed by the types Piel de Sapo and Yellow, while the melons type Galia and Charentais were the least visited by the bees. This behavior has implications for the use of A. mellifera for melon pollination, requiring that the bees be managed according to the type of melon cultivated. It also highlights the need to find out what makes flowers of some melon types to be more visited than others in order to select within the less visited types of melon for cultivars more attractive to the bees.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326984
title: Production in forage sorghum intercropped with grasses and pigeon pea at crop cutting

description: ABSTRACT Due to the need to implement sustainable systems of high productivity for farming, the aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) intercropped with Urochloa brizantha, Megathyrsus maximum and/or pigeon pea in a non-irrigated area of a low-altitude region of the Cerrado. A randomised block design was used, of plots split over time with six treatments and four replications over two agricultural years. The treatments were (I) monocropped forage sorghum, and forage sorghum intercropped with (II) U. brizantha, (III) M. maximum, (IV) U. brizantha and pigeon pea, (V) M. maximum and pigeon pea, and (VI) pigeon pea. The following were evaluated in the sorghum and its respective intercrops: plant height, stem diameter, stand and productivity. Intercropping sorghum with M. maximum reduced fresh and dry matter production in the sorghum, albeit with no significant effect on total dry matter production for the intercrop. Sorghum intercropped with M. maximum gave a higher percentage of panicles than the other intercropped systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326984.v1
title: Production in forage sorghum intercropped with grasses and pigeon pea at crop cutting

description: ABSTRACT Due to the need to implement sustainable systems of high productivity for farming, the aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) intercropped with Urochloa brizantha, Megathyrsus maximum and/or pigeon pea in a non-irrigated area of a low-altitude region of the Cerrado. A randomised block design was used, of plots split over time with six treatments and four replications over two agricultural years. The treatments were (I) monocropped forage sorghum, and forage sorghum intercropped with (II) U. brizantha, (III) M. maximum, (IV) U. brizantha and pigeon pea, (V) M. maximum and pigeon pea, and (VI) pigeon pea. The following were evaluated in the sorghum and its respective intercrops: plant height, stem diameter, stand and productivity. Intercropping sorghum with M. maximum reduced fresh and dry matter production in the sorghum, albeit with no significant effect on total dry matter production for the intercrop. Sorghum intercropped with M. maximum gave a higher percentage of panicles than the other intercropped systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326987
title: Antimicrobial activity of microcapsules with aqueous extract of chambá (Justicia pectoralis Jacq)

description: ABSTRACT To ensure the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract of chambá, it is essential to protect its bioactive compounds. The objective was to preserve its characteristics, aiming to provide the food industry with a natural antimicrobial. Three microcapsule formulations made with maltodextrin and cyclodextrin were developed, both including the aqueous extract of chambá leaves dried through lyophilization. The aqueous extract was initially submitted to in vivo toxicity analysis using zebrafish and the microcapsules were characterized through studies of morphology, hygroscopicity, water solubility, particle size, zeta potential, color determination, microencapsulation efficiency and antimicrobial activity. The aqueous extract of chambá was not considered to be toxic. The microcapsules had irregular shapes, with sizes varying from 0.58 to 1.15 µm. Solubility values ranged from 74.69 to 76.8% and hygroscopicity varied from 2.07 to 4.34%. Additionally, it obtained efficient encapsulation of the phenolic compounds, showing antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli, with its use being an alternative as a natural antimicrobial agent.