DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hqf
title: Data from: Invasion dynamics of Wolbachia bacteria in laboratory populations of the wasp, Trichomalopsis sarcophagae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)

description: Wolbachia are obligate intracellular bacteria common in diverse arthropod
 hosts.  Infections are spread from infected mothers to their
 progeny via egg cytoplasm.  Establishment and spread of
 infections are affected by the number of infected individuals invading the
 novel host population plus the effect of infections on the production of
 female progeny and mating behaviour.  Taking these factors into
 account, we examined the ability of Wolbachia to establish and spread in
 populations of the parasitoid wasp Trichomalopsis sarcophagae (Gahan)
 (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a species for which the effect of Wolbachia
 infection on host reproduction has not been previously examined. 
 Experimental crosses showed that infections caused 100 percent cytoplasmic
 incompatibility (CI), wherein uninfected females mated with infected males
 (♀ x ♂w) only produced male progeny and broods of smaller size. 
 All other mate combinations (♀ x ♂, ♀w x ♂w, ♀w x ♂) produced normal
 broods of similar size and sex ratio.  The expression of this CI,
 however, has two forms.  Fertilized eggs from the incompatible
 cross either develop as though male, or fail to develop.
  Mate-choice tests showed that females mated once and showed no
 preference for infected or uninfected males.  An experiment
 tracking the extinction or subsequent establishment and spread of
 Wolbachia infections in laboratory colonies for 20+ generations indicated
 an establishment threshold for infection prevalence of less than 10%.
  The existence of such a threshold, and its relatively low value,
 is broadly consistent with a simple mathematical model informed by the
 results from the experimental crosses and mate-choice tests. This is one
 of few experimental studies tracking the spread of Wolbachia infection in
 an insect species.  It helps explain why Wolbachia is such a
 successful and widespread parasite. 
description: # Data from: Invasion dynamics of Wolbachia bacteria in laboratory
 populations of the wasp, Trichomalopsis sarcophagae (Hymenoptera:
 Pteromalidae) Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hqf](10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7hqf) ## Description of the
 data and file structure ### Files and variables #### File:
 Floate_et_al_Q1.csv **Description:** Data file associated with Question 1
 in our manuscript. It has 80 rows (not including the header row) and 12
 columns. ##### Variables * cross_type: Number corresponding to infection
 status of wasps (see "infection_status_F_M" column) *
 infection_status_F_M: Infection status of females and males wasps (e.g.,
 "neg_pos" means "female uninfected, male infected") *
 replicate_num: There were a total of 20 replicates per cross type *
 n_fly_puparia: Each replicate had 90 live house fly puparia *
 emerged_F1_wasp_females: Number of female wasps that emerged from puparia
 * emerged_F1_wasp_males: Number of male wasps that emerged from puparia *
 total_emerged_F1_wasps: Number of female wasps + male wasps that emerged
 from puparia * n_parasitized_puparia: Number of puparia from which wasps
 emerged * unemerged_F1_wasp_females: Number of female wasps dissected from
 puparia * unemerged_F1_wasp_males: Number of male wasps dissected from
 puparia * n_emerged_flies: Number of flies emerging from puparia *
 n_puparia_wo_flies_or_wasps: Number of puparia that produced neither flies
 nor wasps. A potential consequence of parasite-induced mortality ####
 File: Floate_et_al_Q4.csv **Description:** Data file associated with
 Question 4 in our manuscript (generations 1-20). It has 300 rows (not
 including the header row) and 6 columns. ##### Variables * colony_id:
 Colony identification code. The second two characters correspond to the
 initial *Wolbachia* infection percentage and the last character
 corresponds to replicate number (e.g., "C05_3" represents
 replicate 3 from 5% initial *Wolbachia* infection) * init_wolbachia:
 Initial *Wolbachia* infection percentage * generation: Generation number *
 n_females: Number of female wasps emerging from subset of 96 fly puparia *
 n_males: Number of male wasps emerging from subset of 96 fly puparia *
 infection: *Wolbachia* infection percentage in current generation
 (measured from 15 females with rare exceptions for which infection status
 data were available from slightly more/fewer females) #### File:
 Floate_et_al_Q4_beyond20gen.csv **Description:** Data file associated with
 Question 4 in our manuscript (beyond generation 20). It has 36 rows (not
 including the header row) and 6 columns. ##### Variables * colony_id:
 Colony identification code. The second two characters correspond to the
 initial *Wolbachia* infection percentage and the last character
 corresponds to replicate number (e.g., "C05_3" represents
 replicate 3 from 5% initial *Wolbachia* infection) * init_wolbachia:
 Initial *Wolbachia* infection percentage * generation: Generation number *
 n_females: Number of female wasps emerging from subset of 96 fly puparia *
 n_males: Number of male wasps emerging from subset of 96 fly puparia *
 infection: *Wolbachia* infection percentage in current generation
 (measured from 15 females with rare exceptions for which infection status
 data were available from slightly more/fewer females) ## Code/software
 "Floate_et_al_R_code_01.R" is R code that analyzes the data and
 creates figures based on the data files (along with additional data
 entered directly into the R code). It is available on Zenodo.