DOI: 10.3886/icpsr36949
title: Northwestern Juvenile Project (Cook County, Illinois), Follow-up 5, 2002-2006
title: Archival Version

description: This study contains data from the fifth follow-up interview of the Northwestern Juvenile Project (NJP), a longitudinal assessment of alcohol, drug, or mental service treatment needs of juvenile detainees. The fifth follow-up occurred approximately 6 years after the baseline interview and focused on studying the development and persistence of psychiatric disorders, related predictive variables, patterns of drug use, and other risk behaviors.
The project's aims included studying (1) development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders and (2) pathways and patterns of risky behaviors. Changes in disorders over time were studied (including onset, remission, and recurrence), comorbidity, associated functional impairments, and the risk and protective factors related to these disorders and impairments. This study addressed patterns and sequences of the development of drug use and related variables, focusing on gender differences, racial/ethnic differences, the antecedents of these risky behaviors (risk and protective factors), and how these behaviors were interrelated.
 The original sample included 1829 randomly selected youth, 1172 males and 657 females, then 10 to 18 years old, enrolled in the study as they entered the Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center from 1995 to 1998. Among the sample were 1005 African Americans, 524 Hispanics, and 296 non-Hispanic white respondents. Participants were tracked from the time they left detention. All participants were eligible for the fifth follow-up interview. Re-interviews were conducted regardless of where respondents were living when their follow-up interview was due: in the community, correctional settings, or by telephone if they lived farther than two hours from Chicago.
description: The project's aims included studying (1) development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders and (2) pathways and patterns of risky behaviors. Changes in disorders over time were studied (including onset, remission, and recurrence), comorbidity, associated functional impairments, and the risk and protective factors related to these disorders and impairments. This study addressed patterns and sequences of the development of drug use and related variables, focusing on gender differences, racial/ethnic differences, the antecedents of these risky behaviors (risk and protective factors), and how these behaviors were interrelated. The development and persistence of alcohol, drug, and mental disorders of delinquent youth are examined. Data from the baseline interview were deposited at the National Addiction and HIV Data Archive Program with the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research. Data from the first follow-up (conducted approximately three years after the baseline), second follow-up (conducted approximately three and a half years after the baseline), third follow-up (conducted approximately four years after the baseline), and fourth follow-up (conducted approximately 4.5 years after baseline) were deposited with ICPSR's National Archive of Criminal Justice Data.
description: A random subsample of participants was scheduled for a follow-up interview approximately 6 years after their baseline interview (Follow-up 5). Participants were tracked until they were found for an interview, withdrew, or were known to have died. Some participants who were difficult to locate received their follow-up interviews substantially later than the planned interview dates.

Follow-up interviews were conducted face-to-face wherever the participant was living--in the community or in any correctional facility in Illinois--at the time their interview was due. However, community interviews were conducted by telephone if the participant lived more than 2 hours away. Diagnostic modules were administered via pencil and paper interviewing (PAPI) or computer assisted personal interviewing (CAPI). Non-diagnostic modules were initially administered via PAPI; however beginning with the fifth follow-up, they were administered via CAPI.
description: Follow-up 5, consists of 47 data files. Follow-up interview data are stored in separate datasets corresponding to each interview module.
<strong>The main dataset (Main)</strong> includes administrative information on what measures were conducted, the location of and type of interview, interview date and age of respondent at interview. This dataset (da36949-0001) has 19 variables, 1829 observations. <strong>The interviewer comments (Comments)</strong> asked the interviewer to record their observations of how participants managed the interview, including whether participants had any difficulties with particular measures, whether participants seemed to be truthful, and whether the participant exhibited any psychotic symptoms. Interviewers filled out this observational measure following the interview. The dataset (da36949-0002) includes 64 variables, 1482 observations <strong>The Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale (CAFAS)</strong> includes multidimensional measurements of functional impairment and scales of role performance, behavior toward others, mood, self-harmful behavior, substance use, and thinking. This dataset (da36949-0003) includes 37 variables and 1483 observations. <strong>The Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) module </strong> summarizes the interviewer's impression of the lowest level of the participant's functioning at home, in school and/or work, and in other social environments. This dataset (da36949-0004) has 4 variables and 1482 observations.<strong>The Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), Version IV</strong> is a structured interview that assesses psychiatric disorders based on DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition) criteria. The dataset referencing the interview questionnaire (da36949-0006) contains 734 variables and 1485 observations. These variables include demographics, alcohol withdrawal, dependence, and abuse; amphetamine withdrawal, dependence, and abuse; Antisocial Personality Disorder, and Conduct Disorder. The diagnostic dataset (da36949-0005) contains 902 variables and 1485 observations. These variables were generated by scoring algorithms using items from the interview questionnaire. <strong>World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI),</strong> is a comprehensive, fully-structured interview designed to be used by trained lay interviewers to assess mental disorders based on the definitions and criteria of DSM-IV. The dataset referencing the interview questionnaire (da36949-0008) contains information regarding: depression, generalized anxiety disorders, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Panic Disorder, Mania, and Suicidality. This dataset includes 648 variables and 1481 observations. An additional dataset, (da36949-0007) with 288 variables and 1481 observations, contains variables regarding the diagnoses for mental disorders that were generated by scoring algorithms using items from the interview questionnaire.<strong>Northwestern Juvenile Project Interview (Interview)</strong>. Beginning with Follow-Up 5, the "non-diagnostic" components of the interview (e.g., the Child and Family Assessment (CFA) and the Risky Behavior Assessment Profile (RBAP)) were integrated into a unified interview called the NJP Interview (see eTable 1). The NJP Interview has 38 data sets. The topics covered were as follows:


Non-School Services
Service Sectors
Referral Sources
Payment information
Attitudes and Barriers to Treatment: Receptivity to services
Attitudes and Barriers to Treatment: Perception of barriers to
services
Arrest, Violence, and Gun Questions
Gang Activity
Victimization
Sexual risk behavior
Drug use history and recent drug use
Drug Injection and Needle Use

<strong>The Incarceration data (Incarceration)</strong> (da36949-0047: 10 variables, 1489 observations) comes from a combination of correctional records and self-report, and includes information on the number of days incarcerated prior to the interview.
description: Follow-up weights are sampling weights augmented with adjustments for nonresponse (e.g., withdrew, died) at the follow-up. Sampling weights and normalized sampling weights are also provided for follow-up subsamples in dataset da36949-0001.
description: Response Rates: By 8 years after their baseline interview, 1388 participants had received a Follow-up 5 interview. A total of 101 participants received Follow-up 5 interviews more than 8 years after their baseline interview. Other reasons for non-response at Follow-up 5 were: died before the 8-year cut-off (n=61); withdrew from the study (n=39); and could not be located (n=240).
description: Presence of Common Scales: BAS - Bidimensional Acculturation Scale
CAFAS - Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale
CGAS - Children's Global Assessment Scale
DIS - Diagnostic Interview Schedule, Version IV
description: A stratified random sample of 1,829 youth at intake from Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center (CCJTDC) in Chicago, Illinois, was recruited between November 20, 1995, and June 14, 1998. This baseline sample was stratified by gender, race/ethnicity (African American, non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, "other" race/ethnicity), age (10-13 years or 14 years and older), and legal status (processed in juvenile or adult court) to obtain enough participants to examine key subgroups (e.g., females, Hispanics, younger persons). There were a total of 13 strata, as listed below. There were too few female detainees of each race/ethnicity and detainees identified as "other" race/ethnicity to further stratify these groups. Detainees aged 10 to 13 years were not stratified by legal status because they were generally too young to be considered for transfer to adult court.
 Sampling Strata:
African American females
Non-Hispanic white females
Hispanic females
African American males, aged 10-13 years
Non-Hispanic white males, aged 10-13 years
Hispanic males, aged 10-13 years
African American males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
Non-Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
Hispanic males, 14 years or older and processed as adult transfer
African American males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
Non-Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
Hispanic white males, 14 years or older and processed as a juvenile
Other race/ethnicity
Detainees were eligible to be sampled regardless of their psychiatric morbidity, state of drug or alcohol intoxication, or fitness to stand trial. Within each stratum, the project used a random-numbers table to select names from Cook County Juvenile Temporary Detention Center's intake log. The final sampling fractions for the stratum ranged from 0.018 to 0.689. 
The fifth follow-up was conducted approximately 6 years after the baseline with a random subsample.
description: Datasets: 
DS0: Study-Level Files
DS1: Main
DS2: Comments
DS3: CAFAS
DS4: CGAS
DS5: DIS Dx
DS6: DIS Items
DS7: WMH-CIDI Dx
DS8: WMH-CIDI Items
DS9: Interview-Hispanic Acculturation
DS10: Interview-Part A-Residential Stability
DS11: Interview-Part B-School
DS12: Interview-Part C-Work and Income
DS13: Interview-Part D-Medical
DS14: Interview-Part E-Spouse/Significant Other
DS15: Interview-Part G-Loss
DS16: Interview-Part G-Loss Grid
DS17: Interview-Part H-Social Support
DS18: Interview-Part I-Mattering
DS19: Interview-Part J-Community
DS20: Interview-Part K-Arrest and violence
DS21: Interview-Part K-Gun
DS22: Interview-Part L-Drug Screen Grid
DS23: Interview-Drug Supplement A-First Use
DS24: Interview-Drug Supplement B-Recent Use
DS25: Interview-Part M-Drug Injection and Needle Use
DS26: Interview-Part N-School Services
DS27: Interview-Part N-School Services Screen
DS28: Interview-Part N-School Educational Services
DS29: Interview-Part N-School Mental Health Services
DS30: Interview-Part O-Nonschool Services
DS31: Interview-Part O-Nonschool Services Inpatient Screen
DS32: Interview-Part O-Nonschool Service Outpatient Screen
DS33: Interview-Part O-Nonschool Inpatient/Residential Services
DS34: Interview-Part O-Nonschool Outpatient Services
DS35: Interview-Part P-Service Sectors
DS36: Interview-Part Q-Referral
DS37: Interview-Part R-Receptivity to Services
DS38: Interview-Part S-Perception of Barriers to Service
DS39: Interview-Part T-Payment Information
DS40: Interview-Part AA-Victimization
DS41: Interview-Part AA-Victimization Grid 1
DS42: Interview-Part AA-Victimization Grid 2
DS43: Interview-Part AA-Victimization Grid 3
DS44: Interview-Part BB-Gang Activity
DS45: Interview-Part CC-Future Orientation
DS46: Interview-Part DD-Quality of Life
DS47: Incarceration
description: Male and female juvenile detainees, ages 10 to 18, at intake to the Cook County (IL) Juvenile Temporary Detention Center (CCJTDC) between November 20, 1995 and June 14, 1998. Smallest Geographic Unit: None
description: computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI); face-to-face interview; mixed mode; paper and pencil interview (PAPI); telephone interviewSupporting documentation for DIS Dx (da36949-0005) and WMH-CIDI Dx (da36949-0007) data files contain proprietary descriptions and algorithms. This information is included in text files available only through restricted access procedures. See Appendix 3 of the User Guide for a detailed explanation of how diagnosis variables were derived.To avoid participant burden, the screening criteria for DIS Section R and Section S was changed from "lifetime" to "since the last interview" beginning with Follow-up 5 and all subsequent follow-up interviews. To determine lifetime substance use disorders, users must draw from prior waves to determine whether the participant had ever met criteria for a substance use disorder.A software error was discovered in the WMH-CIDI PTSD module that affected the Follow-up 5 interviews. This error - which skipped participants out of the module prematurely and apparently at random - resulted in a high number of missing PTSD diagnoses. Follow-up 5 participants who are missing a PTSD diagnosis (n=504, variable D_PTS12) should be considered missing completely at random. The software error was repaired for subsequent interviews.