cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/dl.f8ahsn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 26962 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Apodemus agrarius"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 26962 records from 158 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014204-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868488
title: Normalized, volatile-free major element concentrations and trace element compositions of representative lithologies from IODP Hole 357-M0075B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.958841
title: Nature of pastoral activities in Lake Savine catchment over the last 6500 years

description: Method used to produce the sediment DNA datasets: DNA sequences were generated using g (5'-GGGCAATCCTGAGCCAA-3') and h (5'-CCATTGAGTCTCTGCACCTATC-3') primers for plants and MamP007F (5'-CGAGAAGACCCTATGGAGCT-3') and MamP007R (5'-CCGAGGTCRCCCCAACC-3') primers and the human-blocking primer (5'-GGAGCTTTAATTTATTAATGCAAACAGTACCC-3') for mammals. The sequences have been produced by the Illumina technology (HiSeq instrument). The bioinformatic treatment of the sequences was operated applying the Obitool program (Boyer, F. et al. OBITOOLS:aUNIX-inspired software package for DNAmetabarcoding. Mol. Ecol. Resour. 16, 176–182 (2016)) and following the procedure described in Giguet-Covex et al. New insights on lake sediment DNA from the catchment: importance of taphonomic and analytical issues on the record quality. Scientific Reports. 9, 14676 (2019) (DOI https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-50339-1). Further filtering treatments were then applied, as also described in Giguet-Covex et al. 2019. These second treatments allow the removal of 1) taxa assigned to a reference taxon at &lt;95 % of sequence identity, 2) potential contaminations (based on sampling, extraction and PCR controls, and recognition of exotic taxa) and 3) stochastic detections. Several analytical replicates by samples were performed (12 for both, the plants and mammals). Data are presented in number of positive replicates by sample. A replicate is considered as positive if more than 5 sequences are detected.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.844957
title: Magnetic susceptibility and Natural Remanent Magnetisation from IODP Hole 347-M0059A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839773
title: Calculated salinity and elemental ratios of interstitial water of IODP Hole 347-M0061C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.842988
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 347-M0061A

description: Geocode = CSF-A [m].
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.817099
title: Color data from BBCP Polecat Bench core 2A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839491
title: Carbon and sulphur content (raw data) of IODP Hole 347-M0063B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.867543
title: Chemical compositions of representative lithologies from IODP Hole 357-M0076B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.754300
title: X-ray diffraction analysis and quantification of minerals of Hole 313-M0029A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.788555
title: (Table 1) Consolidation tests from different Holes of IODP Expedition 302

description: Two estimates of the pre-consolidation pressure are derived for each test (1) is calculated from the e- log(sigmaE) and (2) from e- log(sigmaE).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868645
title: Sensor signal time log from IODP Hole 357-M0070A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.881705
title: Smear slide phase contrast microscopy images of IODP Hole 364-M0077A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.861787
title: Core summary for IODP Hole 357-M0069A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.898180
title: (Table BT1) X-ray fluorescence data of IODP Hole 313-M0027A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.861785
title: Core summary for IODP Hole 357-M0068A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837773
title: Core summary for IODP Hole 347-M0059C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.861786
title: Core summary for IODP Hole 357-M0068B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.861791
title: Core summary for IODP Hole 357-M0071A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.735713
title: X-ray fluorescence data of IODP Hole 302-M0004A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.356560
title: Results of foraminifer and ostracode analyses of the Neogene of Hole 302-M0003A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.475997
title: Bulk organic geochemistry of Hole 302-M0004B

description: Comment on sulfur values: The high sulfur values &gt; 5% determined with the LECO instrument are minimum values as shown by re-measurements using an ELTRA-CS 500 instrument (which is better calibrated for very high sulfur values) (H. Brumsack, ICBM Oldenburg University, pers. comm. July 2006). This results in even lower C/S ratios in the euxinic intervals, and thus does not change but support the interpretation discussed in the paper.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.351389
title: The occurrences of silicoflagellate taxa and total ebridians in Hole 302-M0002A

description: All samples above Sample 302-M0002A-45X-CC are barren of silicoflagellates and ebridians. Abundance: A = abundant, C = common, F = few, R = rare, B = barren. Preservation: G = good, M = moderate, P = Poor. Samples between 302-M0002A-48X-CC and 302-M0002A-49X-CC = First occurrence (C. hexacantha 44.1Ma)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.844971
title: Magnetic susceptibility and Natural Remanent Magnetisation from IODP Hole 347-M0064C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839845
title: Composite depth scale of IODP Hole 347-M0063C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.843010
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 347-M0067A

description: Geocode = CSF-A [m].
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965151
title: Linear extension rates from IODP Expedition 310 Tahiti coral, profile 310-20A-23R-1 (78-132 cm)

description: Here we present annual linear extension rates of Porites skeletons recovered during IODP Expedition 310 "Tahiti Sea Level". These coral colonies have been U-Th dated and cover an age between 9.06 and 15.15 ka BP.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965152
title: Linear extension rates from IODP Expedition 310 Tahiti coral, profile 310-23A-5R-1 (73-78 cm)

description: Here we present annual linear extension rates of Porites skeletons recovered during IODP Expedition 310 "Tahiti Sea Level". These coral colonies have been U-Th dated and cover an age between 9.06 and 15.15 ka BP.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17518390
title: Datasets and codes

description: Datasets and codes for Modulation of electronic structure via dual moire patterns in twisted 1T-TaSe2.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.881517
title: Color data (CRF) of IODP Hole 364-M0077A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838465
title: Physical properties of IODP Hole 347-M0059C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839849
title: Composite depth scale of IODP Hole 347-M0064B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.754294
title: Total organic carbon, sulphur and mineral content of sediments of Hole 313-M0029A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.875654
title: (Table S2) GMH L*,a* and b* color scanning data
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.206857
title: Visual core description and core images of Hole 302-M0002A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.206858
title: Visual core description and core images of Hole 302-M0003A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.875667
title: (Table S5) GMH X-ray fluorescence iron intenisty data
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.831560
title: Diversity of planktonic foraminifer fauna of sediment core CH69-K09
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839836
title: Composite depth scale of IODP Hole 347-M0061A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.869847
title: Concentrations of major elements in fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0071A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.869849
title: Concentrations of major elements in fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0071C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914516
title: X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning of turbidite-homogenite layers (30kV run) of IODP Hole 318-M0080A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839909
title: Interstitial water geochemistry from IODP Site 347-M0063
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.869856
title: Concentrations of major elements in fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0075A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.881703
title: Core Catcher images (processed) of IODP Hole 364-M0077A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.905178
title: Diatom δ¹⁸O data from sediment core samples from the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.957100
title: Methane measurements at lander 1 in the German Baltic Sea

description: Coastal ecosystems are heterogeneous environments with high turnover rates of carbon and nutrients that influence the distribution of greenhouse gases (GHG). They also represent challenging environments for scientific investigations, requiring new technologies that go beyond discrete sampling. Here we present temporal high-resolution measurements of several physicochemical variables, including the partial pressures of CO2 and CH4, made in shallow waters at around 6 m water depth of the Baltic Sea using two autonomous lander systems. The two landers were deployed at the sediment-water interface (bottom lander) and about 400 m offshore near the German city Rostock with support from the buoy tender “Rosenort” operated by the Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes, Stralsund (WSA Stralsund). These landers were equipped with six commercially available state-of-the-art sensors. Field data resolution ranged from 10 seconds to 60 minutes and was obtained for partial pressure of CO2 (Contros HydroC-CO2) and CH4 (Contros HydroC-CH4), temperature, salinity, depth (hydrostatic pressure), O2 (CTD-O2 with SBE-37SMP-ODO), the concentrations of phosphate (SBE HydroCycle PO4), nitrate (SBE SUNA V2), chlorophyll a and the turbidity (both with SBE-FLNTUSB ECO) as stationary measurements at two different locations in close proximity. The CTD and oxygen measurements provide exact water depth data for the respective lander locations. In the other data sets (e.g., CO2 measurements) rounded data is inserted instead of the exact depth data, which is 6 m for lander_1 and 5 m for lander_2. The deployment and recovery of the landers and thus the measurements took place between 04 September 2019 and 04 October 2019 and the sensors were operated under battery power and a centralized timestamp. Three events common to coasts were observed during the deployment, allowing tracking of (1) an advection of saline waters with a mineralization signal, (2) a storm event of about 4 days, and (3) a stagnation event. Sensor data and processed data are available in separate files.
description: Data post-processing (time response) based on the describtions of Bittig et al., 2014
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.957101
title: Methane measurements at lander 2 in the German Baltic Sea

description: Coastal ecosystems are heterogeneous environments with high turnover rates of carbon and nutrients that influence the distribution of greenhouse gases (GHG). They also represent challenging environments for scientific investigations, requiring new technologies that go beyond discrete sampling. Here we present temporal high-resolution measurements of several physicochemical variables, including the partial pressures of CO2 and CH4, made in shallow waters at around 6 m water depth of the Baltic Sea using two autonomous lander systems. The two landers were deployed at the sediment-water interface (bottom lander) and about 400 m offshore near the German city Rostock with support from the buoy tender “Rosenort” operated by the Wasserstraßen- und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes, Stralsund (WSA Stralsund). These landers were equipped with six commercially available state-of-the-art sensors. Field data resolution ranged from 10 seconds to 60 minutes and was obtained for partial pressure of CO2 (Contros HydroC-CO2) and CH4 (Contros HydroC-CH4), temperature, salinity, depth (hydrostatic pressure), O2 (CTD-O2 with SBE-37SMP-ODO), the concentrations of phosphate (SBE HydroCycle PO4), nitrate (SBE SUNA V2), chlorophyll a and the turbidity (both with SBE-FLNTUSB ECO) as stationary measurements at two different locations in close proximity. The CTD and oxygen measurements provide exact water depth data for the respective lander locations. In the other data sets (e.g., CO2 measurements) rounded data is inserted instead of the exact depth data, which is 6 m for lander_1 and 5 m for lander_2. The deployment and recovery of the landers and thus the measurements took place between 04 September 2019 and 04 October 2019 and the sensors were operated under battery power and a centralized timestamp. Three events common to coasts were observed during the deployment, allowing tracking of (1) an advection of saline waters with a mineralization signal, (2) a storm event of about 4 days, and (3) a stagnation event. Sensor data and processed data are available in separate files.
description: Data post-processing (time response) based on the describtions of Bittig et al., 2014
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935158
title: Loss on ignition of sediment core IZN19-15 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: The LOI method allows us to estimate the organic matter and carbonate content of lake sediments. LOI analysis was performed on the IZN19-15 and IZN19-24 cores with a 10-cm sampling interval all along the sequence, following the protocol described by Heiri et al., (2001; doi:10.1023/A:1008119611481).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935159
title: Loss on ignition of sediment core IZN19-24 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: The LOI method allows us to estimate the organic matter and carbonate content of lake sediments. LOI analysis was performed on the IZN19-15 and IZN19-24 cores with a 10-cm sampling interval all along the sequence, following the protocol described by Heiri et al., (2001; doi:10.1023/A:1008119611481).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837820
title: Core-section summary for IODP Hole 347-M0062A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837971
title: Light reflectance (RGB) of IODP Hole 347-M0062C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837989
title: Light reflectance (RGB) of IODP Hole 347-M0064A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837961
title: Light reflectance (RGB) of IODP Hole 347-M0062A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838002
title: Light reflectance (RGB) of IODP Hole 347-M0067B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837966
title: Light reflectance (RGB) of IODP Hole 347-M0063A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837969
title: Light reflectance (RGB) of IODP Hole 347-M0063E
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837905
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0062B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837909
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0063B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837916
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0064D
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837906
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0062C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837920
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0066A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837919
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0065C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837894
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0059A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837962
title: Light reflectance (RGB) of IODP Hole 347-M0062B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837814
title: Core-section summary for IODP Hole 347-M0061A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868035
title: Alkalinity, pH and delta13C values for fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0070A

description: Reported pH was determined from the average value of the sensor package pH meter mounted on the rock drills.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837900
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0060B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837912
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0063E
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837915
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0064C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.873534
title: (Table 2) Physical properties of IODP rock samples measured under various confining pressures

description: Measurements were carried out first under loading conditions (up to 50 MPa), then under unloading conditions (under 30 and 10MPa).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.974957
title: Microplastic distribution in the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean through continuous underway sampling

description: The COntinuous MicroPlastic Automatic Sampling System (COMPASS) was utilized for sampling of microplastic (MP) samples. Developed by Aalborg University in Denmark, COMPASS is a fully enclosed, stainless-steel, plastic-free system designed for continuous, automatic MP sampling (&gt;10 µm). It can operate unsupervised for up to 9 hours, filtering 500 to 1,500 liters of water per hour through stainless-steel filters with mesh sizes of 300 µm and 10 µm (filter diameter: 167 mm). This method provides horizontal distribution data and resolution for MPs. Depending on the length of each transect, a specific number of subsamples were collected. Sub-surface water samples were continuously sampled during steaming at a depth of 4 meters along five transects, covering 1,600 nautical miles from the Norwegian coast to Bear Island in the Arctic Ocean. MP were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared imaging micro-spectroscopy, revealing concentrations ranging from 7 to 491 items per cubic meter.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.769702
title: Raw data files of light reflectance data (RGB) of Hole 313-M0028A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.840575
title: Distribution and abundance of benthic foraminifera from IODP Hole 347-M0063A

description: Abundance: A = abundant, C = common, F = few, R = rare, B = barren, V = very high.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839907
title: Interstitial water geochemistry from IODP Site 347-M0061
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.840577
title: Distribution and abundance of benthic foraminifera from IODP Hole 347-M0063C

description: Abundance: A = abundant, C = common, F = few, R = rare, B = barren, V = very high.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.753966
title: Color data of Hole 313-M0028A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.789443
title: CT- images from IODP Hole 313-M0028A

description: High-resolution slices are available in TIF format under: Further DetailsRaw-data in DICOM format is available under: Other Version
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914507
title: X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning of tephra layers (30kV run) of IODP Holes 381-M0078A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868046
title: Alkalinity and delta13C values for fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0075B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868755
title: Color data (CRF) of IODP Hole 357-M0076B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868782
title: Moisture and density (MAD) measured on IODP Hole 357-M0069A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868783
title: Moisture and density (MAD) measured on IODP Hole 357-M0070C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.867832
title: Concentrations of anions in fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0071B

description: Sample precisions were ±3.9% for Cl, ±2.2% for Br, and ±4.3% for SO4, whereas both NO3 and F were at the limit of detection.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868854
title: Physical properties (MSCL fast track) of IODP Hole 357-M0068B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868048
title: Alkalinity, pH and delta13C values for fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0076B

description: Reported pH was determined from the average value of the sensor package pH meter mounted on the rock drills.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868784
title: Moisture and density (MAD) measured on IODP Hole 357-M0071A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.867657
title: Grain density, porosity, and P-wave velocity of discrete samples from IODP Hole 357-M0069A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868862
title: Physical properties (MSCL fast track) of IODP Hole 357-M0072A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.869875
title: Concentrations of trace elements in fluid samples from IODP Hole 357-M0070A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.870614
title: Thin sections from IODP Hole 357-M0071B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868822
title: Physical properties (MSCL raw data) of IODP Hole 357-M0070C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.896609
title: Organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in sediment core BEN14-P4 from Lake Benit
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.928650
title: Clumped isotope data and raw and normalized triple oxygen isotope data for samples from the K-Pg boundary of Site M0077 in the Chicxulub Crater

description: The newly formed Chicxulub crater was rapidly filled by seawater then disturbed by tsunami and seiche waves. Sedimentary layers deposited as wave energy declined provide a unique window into the environment of the nascent crater in the months and years to millennia after the impact. Geochemical data show temperatures in hotter regions of the crater in excess of 70°C for the first few years with heat derived from the underlying melt sheet via hydrothermal circulation. Cooler regions of the crater became habitats soon after impact with a suite of fossils indicating diverse life on the seafloor and sea surface, ranging from microbes to marine arthropods, and possibly fish. We suggest that this community was sustained by nutrients and heat from the hydrothermal system. The rapid early recovery in the Chicxulub crater and ocean above demonstrates the resiliency of life under extraordinarily harsh conditions, which has important ramifications for early life on Earth and life on other planets.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838900
title: P-wave velocity of discrete samples from IODP Hole 347-M0064A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838271
title: Natural gamma radiation of IODP Hole 347-M0059C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.861808
title: Core-section summary for IODP Hole 357-M0070C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872463
title: Whole round core description trough liner (A0, A3) of IODP Hole 357-M0071C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872111
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0071C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872456
title: Whole round core description trough liner (A0, A3) of IODP Hole 357-M0068B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872464
title: Whole round core description trough liner (A0, A3) of IODP Hole 357-M0072A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.911158
title: Grain size distribution of sediment core DAM15-02 from the Eure River

description: Range from H2 to DM2 in µm
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.754023
title: Natural remanent magnetisation X-Y-Z intensities after demagnetization of Hole 313-M0027A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872117
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0075B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872110
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0071B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.913854
title: Color data (RGB) of IODP Hole 381-M0080A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872103
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0068A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872112
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0072A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872105
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0069A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.873511
title: Sea floor drill rig videos of IODP Hole 357-M0068B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.757361
title: Preliminary magnetostratigraphic age-depth tie points, IODP Hole 313-M0028A

description: Notes: All ages according to Cande and Kent (1995). empty = no alternative interpretation.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.899668
title: Line scan images of IODP Hole 381-M0080A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.899654
title: Core overview images (pdf) of IODP Hole 381-M0080A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872107
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0070B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872109
title: Lithologic description and profile of IODP Hole 357-M0071A
DOI: 10.15468/dl.6n8kdk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3547725 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Plantae, Undaria pinnatifida, Lindavia intermedia)",
 "Country is New Zealand",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 0",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than or equal to -180",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than or equal to -90",
 {
 "not" : {
 "or" : [
 "Issue is Zero coordinate",
 "Issue is Coordinate out of range",
 "Issue is Country coordinate mismatch"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3547725 records from 293 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014172-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.stj3mz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1709 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Halocarpus bidwillii"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1709 records from 56 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0057949-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.