cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hk54vd3
title: Data from: Quantitative heterodonty in Crocodylia: variability and decoupling in size and shape across modern and extinct taxa.

description: Heterodonty in Crocodylia and closely related taxa has not been defined
 quantitatively, as the teeth rarely have been measured. This has resulted
 in a range of qualitative descriptors, with little consensus on the
 condition of dental morphology in the clade. The purpose of this study is
 to present a method for the quantification of both size- and
 shape-heterodonty in members of Crocodylia. Data were collected from dry
 skeletal and fossil specimens of 34 crown crocodylians and one
 crocodyliform, resulting in 21 species total. Digital photographs were
 taken of each tooth and the skull, and the margins of both were converted
 into landmarks and semilandmarks. We expressed heterodonty through Foote’s
 morphological disparity, and a principal components analysis quantified
 shape variance. All specimens sampled were heterodont to varying degrees,
 with the majority of the shape variance represented by a ‘caniniform’ to
 ‘molariform’ transition. Heterodonty varied significantly between
 positions; size undulated whereas shape was significantly linear from
 mesial to distal. Size and shape appeared to be primarily decoupled. Skull
 shape correlated significantly with tooth shape. High size-heterodonty
 often correlated with relatively large caniniform teeth, reflecting a
 prioritization of securing prey. Large, highly molariform, distal teeth
 may be a consequence of high-frequency durophagy combined with prey size.
 The slender-snouted skull shape correlated with a caniniform arcade with
 low heterodonty. This was reminiscent of other underwater-feeding
 tetrapods, as they often focus on small prey that requires minimal
 processing. Several extinct taxa were very molariform, which was
 associated with low heterodonty. The terrestrial peirosaurid shared
 similarities with large modern crocodylian taxa, but may have processed
 prey differently. Disparity measures can be inflated or deflated if
 certain teeth are absent from the tooth row, and regression analysis may
 not best apply to strongly slender-snouted taxa. Nevertheless, when these
 methods are used in tandem they can give a complete picture of crocodylian
 heterodonty. Future researchers may apply our proposed method to most
 crocodylian specimens with an intact enough tooth row regardless of age,
 species, or rearing conditions, as this will add rigor to many life
 history studies of the clade.
description: Raw
 DataGenera, species,
 specimen numbers, skull length, morphological disparity, and partial least
 squares scores for specimens, and genera, species, specimen numbers, host
 bone, position, side, centroid size, principal components 1-3, and
 regression scores for all teeth used in this study.Raw
 data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tq61224
title: Data from: Glutamate receptor delta2 serum antibodies in paediatric opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome

description: Objective: To identify neuronal surface antibodies in opsoclonus myoclonus
 ataxia syndrome (OMAS) usingcontemporary antigen discovery methodology.
 Methods: OMAS patient serum IgG immunohistochemistry using age-equivalent
 rat cerebellar tissue was followed by immunoprecipitation, gel
 electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Data are available via
 ProteomeXchange (identifier PXD009578). This generated a list of potential
 neuronal surface cerebellar autoantigens. Live cell-based assays (CBA)
 were used to confirm membrane-surface antigens and adsorb antigen-specific
 IgGs. The serological results were compared to the clinical data. Results:
 Four of the six OMAS sera tested bound rat cerebellar sections. Two of
 these sera with similar immunoreactivities were used in
 immunoprecipitation experiments using cerebellum from postnatal rat pups
 (P18). Mass spectrometry identified 12 cell-surface proteins, of which
 glutamate receptor delta 2 (GluD2), a predominately cerebellar-expressed
 protein, was found at a threefold higher concentration than the other 11
 proteins. Antibodies to GluD2 were identified in 14/16 (87%) OMAS samples,
 compared with 5/139 (5%) pediatric and 1/38 (2.6%) adult serum controls
 (p&lt;0.0001), and in 2/4 sera from patients with neuroblastoma
 without neurological features. Adsorption of positive OMAS sera against
 GluD2-transfected cells substantially reduced but did not eliminate,
 reactivity towards cerebellar sections. Conclusion: Autoantibodies to
 GluD2 are frequent in patients with OMAS, bind to surface determinants and
 are potentially pathogenic.
description: Berridge 2018
 Supplementary dataSupplementary Data
 Berridge et al submitted to Neurology. Glutamate receptor delta2 serum
 antibodies in paediatric opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome. Data on
 proteins identified and clinical subjects who harbour autoantibodies to
 the protein Glutamate receptor delta2
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ck842
title: Data from: The importance of landscape and spatial structure for hymenopteran-based food webs in an agro-ecosystem

description: 1. Understanding the environmental factors that structure biodiversity and
 food webs among communities is central to assess and mitigate the impact
 of landscape changes. 2. Wildflower strips are ecological compensation
 areas established in farmland to increase pollination services and
 biological control of crop pests, and to conserve insect diversity. They
 are arranged in networks in order to favour high species richness and
 abundance of the fauna. 3. We describe results from experimental
 wildflower strips in a fragmented agricultural landscape, comparing the
 importance of landscape, of spatial arrangement, and of vegetation on the
 diversity and abundance of trap-nesting bees, wasps and their enemies, and
 the structure of their food webs. 4. The proportion of forest cover close
 to the wildflower strips and the landscape heterogeneity stood out as the
 most influential landscape elements, resulting in a more complex trap nest
 community with higher abundance and richness of hosts, and with more links
 between species in the food webs and a higher diversity of interactions.
 We disentangled the underlying mechanisms for variation in these
 quantitative food-web metrics. 5. We conclude that in order to increase
 the diversity and abundance of pollinators and biological control agents
 and to favour a potentially stable community of cavity nesting hymenoptera
 in wildflower strips, more investment is needed in the conservation and
 establishment of forest habitats within agro-ecosystems, as a reservoir of
 beneficial insect populations.
description: trapnest landscape
 data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vb1qv
title: Data from: Suppression of the invasive plant mile-a-minute (Mikania micrantha) by local crop sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) by means of higher growth rate and competition for soil nutrients

description: Background: Competitive crops may provide potent management tools against
 invasive plants. To elucidate the competitive mechanisms between a sweet
 potato crop (Ipomoea batatas) and an invasive plant mile-a-minute (Mikania
 micrantha) field experiments were carried out in Longchuan County of
 Yunnan Province Southwest China utilizing a de Wit replacement series. The
 trial incorporated seven ratios of sweet potato and mile-a-minute plants
 in 25 m2 plots. Results: In monoculture the total biomass biomass of
 adventitious root leafstalk length and leaf area of sweet potato were all
 higher than those of mile-a-minute and in mixed culture the plant height
 branch leaf stem node adventitious root flowering and biomass of
 mile-a-minute were suppressed significantly (P&lt;0.05). The relative
 yield (RY) of mile-a-minute and sweet potato was less than 1.0 in mixed
 culture indicating that intraspecific competition was less than
 interspecific competition. The competitive balance index of sweet potato
 demonstrated a higher competitive ability than mile-a-minute. Except pH
 other soil nutrient contents of initial soil (CK) were significantly
 higher than those of seven treatments. The concentrations of soil organic
 matter total N total K available N available P available K exchange Ca
 exchange Mg available Mn and available B were significantly greater
 (P&lt;0.05) in mile-a-minute monoculture soil than in sweet potato
 monoculture soil and were reduced by the competition of sweet potato in
 the mixture. Conclusions: Evidently sweet potato has a competitive
 advantage in terms of plant growth characteristics and greater absorption
 of soil nutrients. Thus planting sweet potato is a promising technique for
 reducing infestations of mile-a-minute providing weed management benefits
 and economic returns from harvest of sweet potatoes. Nomenclature: sweet
 potato Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. mile-a-minute Mikania micrantha H.B.K.
description: Data available for
 suppression of the invasive plant mile-a-minuteWord file with data
 collected in the field during the experiment, on plant growth and soil
 parameters.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n7054
title: Data from: Patterns of diversity and spatial variability of β-defensin innate immune genes in a declining wild population of tree swallows

description: Assessing the genetic variation and distribution of immune genes across
 heterogeneous environmental conditions in wild species is essential to
 further our understanding of the role of pathogen pressure and potential
 resistance or prevalence in hosts. Researchers have recently investigated
 β-defensin genes in the wild, because their variability suggests that they
 may play an important role in innate host defense. This study investigated
 the variation occurring at 6 innate immune genes of the β-defensin family
 in a declining population of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) in
 southern Québec, Canada (N = 160). We found that all 6 genes showed
 synonymous and nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within
 the exon coding for the mature peptide. These results indicated that this
 group of genes was diverse in tree swallows. Our results suggested a
 potential interaction of this group of genes with fluctuating pathogen
 diversity, however, we found no sign of positive or negative selection. We
 assessed whether or not the distribution of genetic diversity of
 β-defensin genes in our study population differed between 2 regions that
 strongly differ in their level of agricultural intensification. Adults are
 highly philopatric to their breeding sites and their immunological
 responses differ between these 2 regions. However, we found little
 evidence that the level and distribution of genetic variability differed
 between these heterogeneous environmental conditions. Further studies
 should aim to assess the link between genetic diversity of β-defensin
 genes and fitness-related traits in wild populations.
description: BD_Arlequin_JoH_SchmittBeta-defensin sequences of tree swallows. Contains sequences of AvBD2, AvBD4, AvBD7, AvBD8, AvBD12 and AvBD13.BD_avbd_sns_and_ns_JoH_SchmittAlleles composition of beta-defensin genes from tree swallows, and environmental variables.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dr7b7
title: Data from: Pollen feeding, resource allocation and the evolution of chemical defense in passion vine butterflies

description: Evolution of pollen feeding in Heliconius has allowed exploitation of rich
 amino acid sources and dramatically reorganized life history traits. In
 Heliconius eggs are produced mainly from adult acquired resources, leaving
 somatic development and maintenance to larva effort. This innovation may
 also have spurred evolution of chemical defense via amino acid-derived
 cyanogenic glycosides. By contrast, non-pollen feeding heliconiines must
 rely almost exclusively on larval-acquired resources for both reproduction
 and defense. We tested whether adult amino acid intake has an immediate
 influence on cyanogenesis in Heliconius. Because Heliconius are more
 distasteful to bird predators than close relatives that do not utilize
 pollen we also compared cyanogenesis due to larval input across Heliconius
 species and non-pollen-feeding relatives. Except for one species, we found
 that varying the amino acid diet of an adult Heliconius has negligible
 effect on its cyanide concentration. Adults denied amino acids showed no
 decrease in cyanide and no adults showed cyanide increase when fed amino
 acids. Yet, pollen-feeding butterflies were capable of producing more
 defense than non-pollen feeding relatives and differences were detectable
 in freshly emerged adults, before input of adult resources. Our data
 points to a larger role of larval input in adult chemical defense. This,
 coupled with the compartmentalization of adult nutrition to reproduction
 and longevity suggests that one evolutionary consequence of pollen
 feeding, shifting the burden of reproduction to adults, is to allow the
 evolution of greater allocation of host plant amino acids to defensive
 compounds by larvae.
description: Cardoso&Gilbert.dataThese data refer to experiments described in the material and methods section of the paper. Further details regarding columns headings and codes can de found in the ReadMe file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k505s
title: Data from: Convergence, consilience, and the evolution of temperate deciduous forests

description: The deciduous habit of northern temperate trees and shrubs provides one of
 the most obvious examples of convergent evolution, but how did it evolve?
 Hypotheses based on the fossil record posit that deciduousness evolved
 first in response to drought or darkness and preadapted certain lineages
 as cold climates spread. An alternative is that evergreens first
 established in freezing environments and later evolved the deciduous
 habit. We monitored phenological patterns of 20 species of Viburnum
 spanning tropical, lucidophyllous (subtropical montane and warm
 temperate), and cool temperate Asian forests. In lucidophyllous forests,
 all viburnums were evergreen plants that exhibited coordinated leaf
 flushes with the onset of the rainy season but varied greatly in the
 timing of leaf senescence. In contrast, deciduous species exhibited tight
 coordination of both flushing and senescence, and we found a perfect
 correlation between the deciduous habit and prolonged annual freezing. In
 contrast to previous stepwise hypotheses, a consilience of independent
 lines of evidence supports a lockstep model in which deciduousness evolved
 in situ, in parallel, and concurrent with a gradual cooling climate. A
 pervasive selective force combined with the elevated evolutionary
 accessibility of a particular response may explain the massive convergence
 of adaptive strategies that characterizes the world’s biomes.
description: Viburnum
 phylogeny120-taxon phylogeny,
 pruned from Spriggs et al. 2015, used for Viburnum-wide habit/habitat
 analyses120_taxa_tree.nexViburnum-wide character datahabitat and character codings, and bioclim variables, for Viburnum-wide phylogenetic analyses120_taxa_data.csvphenology transect datadates of leaf gain and loss for 20 Viburnum species along a tropical-temperate latitudinal transectphen_sept2016_cleaned.txtclimate data for field sitesmonthly temperature and precipitation data for field sites along the phenology transectclim.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79qd9
title: Data from: Exploitation and recovery of a sea urchin predator has implications for the resilience of southern California kelp forests

description: Size-structured predator–prey interactions can be altered by the history
 of exploitation, if that exploitation is itself size-selective. For
 example, selective harvesting of larger sized predators can release prey
 populations in cases where only large individuals are capable of consuming
 a particular prey species. In this study, we examined how the history of
 exploitation and recovery (inside marine reserves and due to fisheries
 management) of California sheephead (Semicossyphus pulcher) has affected
 size-structured interactions with sea urchin prey in southern California.
 We show that fishing changes size structure by reducing sizes and alters
 life histories of sheephead, while management measures that lessen or
 remove fishing impacts (e.g. marine reserves, effort restrictions) reverse
 these effects and result in increases in density, size and biomass. We
 show that predation on sea urchins is size-dependent, such that the diet
 of larger sheephead is composed of more and larger sized urchins than the
 diet of smaller fish. These results have implications for kelp forest
 resilience, because urchins can overgraze kelp in the absence of top-down
 control. From surveys in a network of marine reserves, we report negative
 relationships between the abundance of sheephead and urchins and the
 abundance of urchins and fleshy macroalgae (including giant kelp),
 indicating the potential for cascading indirect positive effects of top
 predators on the abundance of primary producers. Management measures such
 as increased minimum size limits and marine reserves may serve to restore
 historical trophic roles of key predators and thereby enhance the
 resilience of marine ecosystems.
description: California sheephead
 size, sex, and diet data from southern CaliforniaThis is a data set of
 California sheephead size, sex, condition, stable isotope, and gut content
 data collected from 7 islands and 2 mainland locations in southern
 California from 2007-2008.2007-2008 Sheephead FINAL
 Data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7tp60
title: Data from: Variation in fine-scale genetic structure and local dispersal patterns between peripheral populations of a South American passerine bird

description: The distribution of suitable habitat influences natal and breeding
 dispersal at small spatial scales, resulting in strong micro-geographic
 genetic structure. Although environmental variation can promote
 inter-population differences in dispersal behavior and local spatial
 patterns, the effects of distinct ecological conditions on within-species
 variation in dispersal strategies and in fine-scale genetic structure
 remain poorly understood. We studied local dispersal and fine-scale
 genetic structure in the thorn-tailed rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda), a
 South American bird that breeds along a wide latitudinal gradient. We
 combine capture-mark-recapture data from eight breeding seasons and
 molecular genetics to compare two peripheral populations with contrasting
 environments in Chile: Navarino Island, a continuous and low density
 habitat, and Fray Jorge National Park, a fragmented, densely populated and
 more stressful environment. Natal dispersal showed no sex bias in
 Navarino, but was female-biased in the more dense population in Fray
 Jorge. In the latter, male movements were restricted and some birds seemed
 to skip breeding in their first year, suggesting habitat saturation.
 Breeding dispersal was limited in both populations, with males being more
 philopatric than females. Spatial genetic autocorrelation analyses using
 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci confirmed the observed dispersal
 patterns: a fine-scale genetic structure was only detectable for males in
 Fray Jorge for distances up to 450 m. Furthermore, two-dimensional
 autocorrelation analyses and estimates of genetic relatedness indicated
 that related males tended to be spatially clustered in this population.
 Our study shows evidence for context-dependent variation in natal
 dispersal and corresponding local genetic structure in peripheral
 populations of this bird. It seems likely that the costs of dispersal are
 higher in the fragmented and higher density environment in Fray Jorge,
 particularly for males. The observed differences in micro-geographic
 genetic structure for rayaditos might reflect the genetic consequences of
 population-specific responses to contrasting environmental pressures near
 the range limits of its distribution.
description: GS_LD_Aspinicauda
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31152421
title: Green Finance, Environmental Regulation, and Green Technology Innovation——Based on Threshold Effect

description: Data and code of manuscript "Green Finance, Environmental Regulation, and Green Technology Innovation——Based on Threshold Effect"
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31152421.v1
title: Green Finance, Environmental Regulation, and Green Technology Innovation——Based on Threshold Effect

description: Data and code of manuscript "Green Finance, Environmental Regulation, and Green Technology Innovation——Based on Threshold Effect"
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4bv57
title: Data from: Identification and prevalence of adverse drug events caused by potentially inappropriate medication in homebound elderly patients: a retrospective study using a nationwide survey in Japan

description: Objectives: A nationwide large-scale survey was conducted to identify the
 prevalence and causal medications of adverse drug events (ADEs) that are
 caused by potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) given to homebound
 elderly patients, factors associated with ADEs, and measures taken by
 pharmacists to manage ADEs and their effects on ADEs. Settings: A
 questionnaire was mailed to 3321 pharmacies nationwide. It asked about the
 details of PIMs and ADEs of up to 5 patients for whom home visits were
 provided by a pharmacist. Questionnaire forms were filled in by
 pharmacists who visited the patients. Design and participants: Between 23
 January and 13 February 2013, comprehensive assessment forms were sent to
 3321 pharmacies. Data collected from 1890 pharmacies including data of
 4815 patients were analysed and 28 patients of unknown sex were excluded.
 Their average age was 82.7 years. PIMs were identified based on the 2003
 Beers Criteria Japan. Results: There were 600 patients who did not provide
 valid answers regarding the medications. In the remaining 4243 patients,
 one or more medications that were considered to be PIMs had been
 prescribed to 48.4% of patients. PIM-induced ADEs were found in 8% of
 these patients by pharmacists during home visits. The top ADE-inducing
 medications were strong anticholinergic antihistamines, benzodiazepines,
 sulpiride and digoxin. The most common ADEs associated with
 benzodiazepines were frequent lightheadedness, somnolence and sleepiness,
 which increase the risk of falls and subsequent fractures in elderly
 patients. The following factors associated with ADEs were identified: sex,
 pharmacist awareness of prescription issues, frequency of visits and time
 spent at patients’ homes, and the frequency of detailed checks for patient
 adverse reactions by pharmacists. Conclusions: The PIM prevalence
 associated with home healthcare in Japan was relatively high, as reported
 in previous studies. The present study suggests that pharmacists could
 reduce the incidence of PIMs and consequent ADEs.
description: Pharmacy and patient
 data for PIM analysisData was collected in
 the field. Microsoft Excel was used to create the data
 file.Imai-underlying
 data.zip