cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.335
title: Photolysis of Oxytetracycline-divalent cation complexes in buffer solution

description: The antibiotic oxytetracycline is commonly used in aquaculture and can eventually lead to contamination of the surrounding environment such as surface water and soil. In nature, a major degradation mechanism of oxytetracycline is photolysis. Oxytetracycline is known to form complexes with cations. After complex formation, oxytetracycline changes from a folded to a planar conformation which is more sensitive to light. Thus, the oxytetracycline-cation complex can be used as a new means of accelerating oxytetracycline degradation in the environment. In this study, the complex formation of oxytetracycline with three different types of divalent cations, i.e. Mg2+,Ca2+, and Cu2+, was studied using a spectrofluorometer and the binding constants (K) of oxytetracycline with cations in either Tris-hydrochloride buffer pH 7.80 or phosphate buffer pH 7.80 were calculated. Tris-hydrochloride buffer was chosen for use as a solvent for further studies because of its higher buffer capacity. The binding constants of oxytetracycline with Mg2+, Ca2+, and Cu2+ ions in Tris-hydrochloride buffer pH 7.80 were 3,921.8 , 4,386.8 , and 1,149.9 M-1 respectively and the binding constants of oxytetracycline with Mg2+, Ca2+ ions in phosphate buffer pH 7.80 were 2,704.6 , 1,791.2 M-1 respectively. The binding constants were different in other buffer system. Photolysis degradation of oxytetracycline-Cu2+complex or of oxytetracycline-Ca2+complex followed first order reaction. Direct photolysis rate was found to be dependent on the initial oxytetracycline concentration, in the oxytetracycline concentration from 0.101 to 0.402 mM. While degradation of oxytetracycline-Mg2+complex was a zero order reaction, photolysis rate was not dependent on the initial oxytetracycline concentration. Ionic strength had influence on photolysis degradation of oxytetracycline-Cu2+complex. Increasing ionic strength from 0.07 to 0.1 M led to the increase of the degradation rate constant. But ionic stregnth above 0.1 M, the degradation rate constant decreased. While, photolysis degradation of oxytetracycline-Ca2+complex and oxytetracycline-Mg2+complex were increased in ionic strength concentration range 0.04 to 0.6 M, an indicative of ionic strength on photolysis. This study showed that photolysis could be accelerated by oxytetracycline-divalent cation complex. Thus, the oxytetracycline-divalent cation complex especially oxytetracycline-Cu2+ can be used as a new means of accelerating oxytetracycline degradation in the environment.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.336
title: Preparation of chitosan-titanium dioxide beads for phenol degradation

description: In this research, three types of beads as alternative means for phenol treatment were developed. Titanium dioxide blended chitosan beads (chitosan-TiO2) and modified titanium dioxide (TiO2) grafted chitosan were synthesized through the use of chitosan as a recovery agent. In addition, TiO2 spheres were prepared which explotied chitosan as a binder. The adsorption-photodegradation of phenol in the presence of chitosan and various UV irradiated titanium dioxide (TiO2) catalysts was investigated. The results revealed that modified tiO2 grafted chitosan beasd showed the best ability to remove phenol. The effect of gluaraldehyde concentration and glutaraldehyde incubation time on the modification of TiO2 was investigated. An optimum condition was to use 3.75% of glutaraldehyde and incubated for 1 h. The degradation of phenol depended on several parameters such as the distance between UV lamp and surface of the solution, agitation of solution, modified TiO2 concentration that was grafted on chitosan beads, reaction temperature, light intensity and initial phenol concentration. The modified TiO2 grafted on chitosan beads at 1% (w/v) of modified TiO2 exhibited the best concentration for the degradation of phenol when compared with other concentrations. An increase of the distance between UV lamp and surface of the solution and initial phenol concentration showed a decrease of phenol photodegradation. On the other hand, when the reaction temperature and light intensity increased, the removal of phenol increased. Besides, the agitation of solution during the photodegradation process process had an effect on the enhancement of phenol degradation. The efficiency of modified TiO2 grafted chitosan beads at 1% (w/v) of modified TiO2 to degrade phenol was about 10% decrease when they were reused after 5 times.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.337
title: Thai anti-money laundering law : measures to control indirect financing of terrorism by business entities

description: The objective of this thesis is to examine the relations between NGOs and business entities and their risks of involving in terrorist financing process in Thailand as well as examine the current domestic laws and regulations which aim to control the financing of terrorism. In addition, it aims to examine the current anti-money laundering and counter-financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) international standards, particularly the FATF Special Recommendation VIII (SR8) on non-profit organization as well as the implementation of those standards on the domestic laws in order to create effective measures to control indirect financing of terrorism by business entities via NGOs. The result of the thesis has shown that Thailand has successfully implemented AML/CFT international standards through the amendment of Anti-Money Laundering B.E. 2542 (1999) (No.4) B.E. 2556 (2013) and the enactment of Counter-Terrorism Financing Act B.E. 2556 (2013); which provide effective measures to control indirectly financing of terrorism by business entities via NGOs. Nevertheless, it is recommended for Thailand to implement other measures which are Know Your NGOs, Know Your Donor and Know Your Beneficiary (KYD/KYB). Furthermore, it is recommended that Thailand should establish the Charity Commission of Thailand based on the working prototype of the Charity Commission of England and Wales as well as implements its NGO Sector and Regulation Review Tool. It is also recommended that further amendment of the two domestic laws should include duties for the NGOs and business entities to report their transactions to AMLO and create risk-based assessment policies to prevent themselves from terrorist financing activities. Finally, it is recommended that Thailand should consider adopting AML/CFT measures applied in other countries.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.338
title: The effect of cycle loading and thermocycling on the retention of ball and locator attachments

description: Introduction : Implant retained overdentures have extra advantages when compared to conventional dentures. At present, numerous types of attachments have been designed to provide adequate retention under long-term function, easy to use and maintenance. The ultimate choice of attachment type should be based on the properties and factors that influenced the retention of the attachment. Objectives : To examine the effect of cyclic loading on the retention of yellow clix insert ball and pink Locator attachments and to investigate the effect of thermocycling and type of attachments on the retention. Methods : Cyclic loading test: 2 implants retained overdenture with ball and Locator attachments (n=6) were subjected to 5 consecutive pulls before and after 100,000, 200,000, 500,000, 700,000 and 1,000,000 cyclic loading cycles, at 50N, 2Hz. Thermocycling test: ball and Locator attachments(n=10) were subjected to 5 consecutive pulls before and after 5,000 and 10,000 cycles of thermocycling. The retention values were averaged and statistically analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests at p&lt;0.05. Results : Retention of pink Locator attachments was higher than yellow clix insert ball attachments before and after cyclic loading and thermocycling. The retention of yellow clix insert ball attachments significantly decreased at 700,000 and 1,000,000 cyclic loading cycles. The retention of pink Locator attachments significantly decreased at 100,000 and 1,000,000 cyclic loading cycles. Yellow clix insert ball attachments were not significantly affected by thermocycling. And the retention of pink Locator attachments significantly increased after 5,000 thermocycling cycles. Conclusions : The retention of both attachments decreased after cyclic loading. Yellow clix insert ball and pink Locator attachments were not susceptible to retention loss from thermocycling.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.339
title: The effects of a reading program using phonological awareness-raising and phonics instruction on the English reading ability of Seventh grade struggling readers in Bangkok Metropolitan administration schools

description: The objectives of this research were to investigate the effects of a reading program using phonological awareness-raising and phonics instruction to enhance English reading accuracy and fluency. The participants were 20 seventh grade struggling readers studying at a public school of Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Thailand and achieved the scores below 70% on graded word lists at pre-primer. The instruments were an Informal Reading Inventory tests (IRI test), and learning logs. The data were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative statistics. The findings of the study revealed that: (1) the reading program was shown to be effective in improving the students’ reading ability as the average scores on the post-test of the IRI test were significantly higher than the pre-test at the .05 level of significance; and (2) struggling readers collectively developed a positive opinion towards the reading program, as they perceived that the phonological awareness-raising and phonics instruction had brought benefits that enhanced their reading ability.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.340
title: A priori bounds for solutions of flood wave equations by vanishing viscosity metho

description: In this thesis, we use the vanishing viscosity method to approximate solutions of the system of conservation laws for a motion of flood wave [equation] where and are physical variables and , and are constants with initial data [equation]. A key step in applying the vanishing viscosity method is to obtain [equation] for solutions. In this work, we prove a priori estimate of solutions to this system by using the method of expanding invariant region.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.341
title: 3D-Model rendering in Chinese brush style

description: 3D rendering has become popular in the film industry. However, for the animation industry, they tend to find a method for rendering in artistic style. There are so many approaches for creating stylized rendering. One of which is to create traditional animation’s look, which has edge lines or silhouette edges. In order to succeed this idea, it’s necessary to find silhouette edges on 3D model. However, calculation for finding silhouette edges on 3D model is time and resource consuming because of redundant calculation. Also the results of calculation mostly are images or fragments of line, which are hard to stylize. This thesis presents a technique for reducing redundant calculation and stylize silhouette line focusing on Chinese brush paint style.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.342
title: Alternative Jensen type functional equation

description: Let X and Y be linear spaces over a field F where F = Q,R or C and let f : X-&gt; Y be arbitrary function. Given a constant p R such that p # 0,1, we prove that the alternative Jensen type functional equation pf(x)+(1-p) f (y) = -+f(px+ (1-p)y) is equivalent to the Jensen type functional equation pf(x)+(1-p) f (y) = -+f(px+ (1-p)y) Moreover, we prove that the general solution when p Q is f(x) = A(x) + c where A : X -&gt; Y is an additive function and c Y
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.343
title: The selection of construction method for concrete segmental bridge in Thailand : a case study of MRT purple line (contract 2)

description: Over the past decade, bridge design and construction technology has undergone rapid development. Although knowledge and technology in the field of bridge design has been studied and transferred to engineers, specialist engineers and specialists in advanced construction techniques are still required to make decisions. However, within the decision-making process, experts still face difficulties and complexities in selecting the suitable method of bridge deck construction. In this study, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied in consideration of the factors, and is used for selecting the suitable method of bridge deck construction and erection equipment system. The MRT Purple Line (contracts 2) construction project was used as a case study. The results of this research reveal there are six main factors influencing the selection of bridge deck construction method, namely size of project, construction site condition, cost, time, health and safety, and environmental impact. Following the application of these factors to select the five types of superstructure and 12 types of erection equipment in the case study, the results show that the most suitable superstructure is the Span-by-Span method and the most suitable erection equipment is the Under Slung Gantry.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.344
title: Laboratory tests on steel fiber reinforced concrete and their application example on structural performance of tunnel lining

description: The purpose of this research is for studying the performance of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) in construction works such as building, bridge, tunnel, etc,. It will present the performance of SFRC with and without super plasticizer by laboratory test on compression, bending and tension test in cube, beam and briquette respectively. The characteristic of SFRC will be found and compared with plain concrete. Next, all of characteristic of SFRC from the test will be applied to the tunnel lining design. The tunnel project case study which is used for this research will be excavated into thick-bedded fine sandstone, locally interbedded with very thin stratified mudstone. In this paper will use the basic parameter of soil from tunnel’s site at Huay Lam Phan Ngai Hydropower project (Laos), and apply the basic parameters of material from the laboratory test into Finite Element Method software to analyze and design the performance of lining. Four sizes of tunnel diameter had been applied to the analysis with 0.5 m thickness. This research concerns only the load from the soil, and checks the strain of tunnel lining at crown, invert and spring line of tunnel with the tensile strain from laboratory test.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.345
title: Esterification of free fatty acid and oil with fatty acid content over acidic heterogeneous catalyst

description: The esterification of alcohol with high acid content oil was investigate with different acidic heterogeneous catalysts. The methanol, ethanol, glycerol, palmitic acid, oleic acid, Jatropha oil, waste cooking palm oil and mixed refined palm oil with 15 wt.% oleic acid were used as esterification starting materials. The different morphology and pore size of propyl sulfonic functionalized mesoporous silica SBA-15, acid-activated clay and acid-activated pillar bentonite materials were prepared and studied their catalytic activities. The characterization of the synthesized materials was conducted by XRD, nitrogen adsorption, XRF, SEM and TEM analysis. The rope-like propyl sulfonic functionalized SBA-15 catalyst showed highest catalytic activity in case of oleic acid conversion and tri-glyceride yield, due to its high acid amount and surface area. Moreover, an appropriated bentonite treatment could increase acidity, resulting that bentonite catalyst exhibited high methyl oleate yield as 100% and 99% of FFA conversion in the esterification of oleic acid in palm oil with methanol. Finally, the pillar bentonite was successfully prepared and significantly increased the specific surface area 20-fold compared with the parent material. The acid-activated pillar bentonite catalyst provided higher catalytic activity than bentonite parent and commercial acidic resin catalyst.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.346
title: Demographic crisis and human development of the Russian Federation in Vladimir Putin regime

description: The objectives of this qualitative research consist of 1) to understand the demographic conditions and human developments in the Soviet Union period 2) to understand the demographic situations and human developments in the period of transition to Post-Communist Russia 3) to examine the causes of the decline of the population growth rate in the Russian Federation, and 4) to analyze the implications of the demographic situation and human development in Russia This research found that only some theories can be used to clarify some parts of the demographic transition, while others are not compatible with it, especially the demographic situation in the Russian Federation. The interventions of them are WWII, the great famine in 1933, policies and the alternation of political and economic structure. The causes of the demographic crisis have been present since the Soviet era. The main causes ranged from both population characteristics as well as the political and economic environments to be specific factors such as alcohol consumption behavior, policies implemented by the government and the transformation of the political and economic structures from the Soviet era to the Russian Federation. Human development in Soviet era was terrible with miserable and long working hour, crowded habitation, and substandard healthcare service. The conditions also changed as the leader changed. Surprisingly, human development in the early transition was getting even worse. However, with the policies implemented by the government and the adaptation of population aided both human development and demographic crisis, especially, educational reform, healthcare reform, and housing policies under Putin’s presidency and premiership, even if the results did not meet the entire objectives intended in the first place. Moreover, this research discovers that human development and demographic development are related to each other.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.347
title: Occupational prospects of Lao industrial workers who returned from Thailand to Lao PDR : a case study of Savannakhet Province

description: After it had introduced "New economic Mechanisms" in 1986, the government of Laos attempted to improve the Lao economy. In 2002 FDI shubstantially flowed to Savannakhet province, but the main problem facing this province was the shortage of both skilled and unskilled labour. Therefore, this study is aimed to examine the factors influencing the Lao migrant workers’ decision to return home, as well as to identify opportunities and problems of Lao returnee migrant workers in finding jobs in Lao PDR. The study also proposes to examine the working conditions of the returnee migrant workers who have found new jobs in Savannakhet province in Lao PDR. This study relied on both quantitative and qualitative methods. It surveyed 100 returnees and I engaged in in-depth interviews with 51 of these people, who used to work in factories in Thailand. I also conducted one focus-group discussion in four villages, with diversity of both local villagers and returnees. The study identified the factors accounting for the return of Lao migrant workers in Thailand. The findings contradict the hypothesis of this study because the reasons for the return were mainly related to personal factors as well as social conditions in the destination country. They did not have in mind economic growth Savannakhet; this mainly was due to the difficulty in assessing information on employment opportunities. Furthermore, the study found that the returnees are currently satisfied with their life conditions because they have succeeded in finding money to build their houses, and they are also satisfied with the working condition in agriculture. The study has confirmed that the returnees in the industrial sector in Thailand are skilled labour, but they have problems in find jobs in their hometown because the employment opportunities are still limited in Savannakhet province.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.348
title: Innovative portable electronic devices powered by thermoelectric generators from waste heat

description: This research was aimed at thermoelectric generator’s (TEG’s) commercialization as a green power supply for portable consumer electronic devices (PCEDs) in the metropolitan market in Thailand. Technical assessment using four commercial 4 cm x 4 cm TE modules to transfer heat from temperature-controlled water yielded power outputs of 2.1-100.8 mW and voltages of 0.16-1.08V. A business research by a questionnaire with the sample size of 400 at 0.05 level of significance () and in-depth qualitative interview found 12 PCEDs and 11 heat / coldness sources with potential for product development. Portable power supply problems were also prioritized. Product qualification criteria with the most importance were deployed into technical requirements for product development techniques with QFD and TRIZ. A prototype comprised 8 components using 3 referred TE modules. It was evaluated for charging characteristics in 5 conditions of uses and produced the maximum power of 4.82 W, with the outstanding feature in the lowest starting temperature differential of 26C. Fully charging a 3,000 mAh Li-ion battery in comparison with other commercial products, in the same condition, the prototype finished charging process for about 15.8-25.4% faster in duration, with 30.3-41.4% higher maximum power, but with 5.7-13.2% lower maximum power per unit area. Commercialization and business plan was then conducted to focus on the target customers as travelers and government officers with long stay jungle trip. The additional target of people with inconvenience to access electrical power sources for PCEDs was also considered. The business was financially evaluated for satisfactory valuation, i.e. NPV= THB 19,965,919 , IRR= 274.77%, and with 1 year payback period
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.349
title: Photocatalytic oxidation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) by titanium dioxide (TiO₂) cementitious materials for air pollution control

description: Cementitious materials with active photocatalytic agents have been applied on external surfaces of buildings for self cleaning and self-disinfecting purposes. Recently, active photocatalytic agents such as TiO2 have been used in road pavement concrete as an innovative technology for the control of roadside air pollution. There is currently not much information available on the implementation of TiO2 active pavements for the removal of hydrocarbon pollution. In this study, degradation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) in air by TiO2 active concrete slabs were investigated in a laboratory-scale reactor. Environmental variables studied included relative humidity (RH), air flow rate, aging and UV intensity. BTEX concentrations in inlet and outlet air samples were analyzed using a gas chromatograph with photoionization detector. The optimal RH for BTEX mass removal was approximately 50% with decreasing mass removal for lower or higher RH. Percent removals of BTEX were found to decrease with higher flow rate but mass removed increased with air flow rate. Similarly, an increase in UV intensity from 5 to 12 W/m2 resulted in an increase in mass removal. Overall, it appeared that TiO2 active materials may be used as a passive technology in mitigating air pollution from motor vehicles.