cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825690
title: Spatial and seasonal variation in niche partitioning between blue manakin (<i>Chiroxiphia caudata</i>) and greenish schiffornis (<i>Schiffornis virescens</i>) in southeastern Brazil

description: The diet of <i>Chiroxiphia caudata</i> and <i>Schiffornis virescens</i> were studied over three years in four forest sites in the southeastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Theory suggests that coexistence of similar species is possible by resource-use differences. To test this, patterns of niche overlap and niche breadth in diet were measured in different seasons and forest sites, based on fruit morphological traits and plant life forms. The results suggest seasonal and spatial variation in resource partitioning. During periods of high fruit availability, there was no evidence of fruit trait selection. In contrast, during periods of fruit scarcity in primary forests, there was evidence of niche partitioning, where <i>C. caudata</i> foraged for larger fruits in canopy and <i>S. virescens</i> searched for understory plants. The niche overlap was higher in secondary forest during periods of scarcity, when both species used small understory fruits. Foi estudada a dieta de <i>Chiroxiphia caudata</i> e <i>Schiffornis virescens</i> durante três anos, em quatro tipos de fisionomias florestais no sudeste da Mata Atlântica, Brasil. A teoria sugere que a coexistência de espécies semelhantes é possível pelas diferenças no uso dos recursos. Assim, nós mensuramos a amplitude e sobreposição de nicho considerando a morfologia dos frutos consumidos e a forma de vida das espécies de plantas utilizadas em quatro tipos florestais e em diferentes estações. Os resultados sugerem mudanças sazonais e espaciais na partilha de recursos. Durante períodos de alta disponibilidade de frutos, não há evidências de partilha de recursos. Já em períodos de escassez de frutos nas florestas primárias, <i>C. caudata</i> consumiu frutos grandes presentes no dossel enquanto <i>S. virescens</i> utilizou os frutos pequenos do sub-bosque. Na floresta secundária, o período de escassez foi marcado por sobreposição intensa de nicho onde ambas as espécies consumiram frutos pequenos de sub-bosque.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825691
title: Quantification of four arsenic species in fruit juices by ion-chromatography–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry

description: A method using ion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (IC–ICP–MS) for the quantification of arsenic species in fruit juices has been developed and validated. The method is capable of quantifying four anionic arsenic species – arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) – in the presence of unretained species such as arsenobetaine (AsB). Method validation was based on repeatability, analysis of reference materials, recovery of fortified samples, and determination of detection and quantification limits. The method was tested for use with apple, pear, cranberry, grape (red, white and purple) juices, as well as several juice blends. Limits of detection were 0.35, 0.41, 0.45 and 0.70 µg kg<sup>−1</sup> for As(III), DMA, MMA and As(V), respectively. Chromatographic recovery was good for most samples (90–107% compared to total arsenic), though recovery for some grape juice samples was lower (67–78%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825692
title: Selective recovery of valuable metals from spent Li-ion batteries using solvent-impregnated resins

description: Selective recovery of valuable metals (Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Li<sup>+</sup>) from leachate of spent lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries was investigated in acidic chloride media using solvent impregnated resins (SIRs). An SIR containing bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) had high selectivity for Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup>, with an order of selectivity Fe<sup>3+</sup> &gt; Al<sup>3+</sup> &gt; Cu<sup>2+</sup> &gt; Co<sup>2+</sup>. Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> could be removed from synthetic leachate by precipitation, followed by column adsorption with the SIR containing D2EHPA. The synthetic leachate was then applied to chromatography for selective recovery of Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Li<sup>+</sup>. The solution was first fed upward to a column packed with an SIR containing 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (PC-88A) for selective separation of Cu<sup>2+</sup>, followed by upward feed to another column packed with an SIR comprising PC-88A and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272) for selective recovery of Co<sup>2+</sup>. Finally, a column packed with a synergistic SIR containing both 1-phenyl-1,3-tetradecanedione (C<sub>11</sub>phβDK) and tri-<i>n</i>-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) was used for selective recovery of Li<sup>+</sup>. A process flowsheet is proposed for selective recovery of Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Li<sup>+</sup> using several SIRs. This process was found to be simple and efficient for selective recovery of valuable metals from leachate of spent Li-ion batteries. Pure copper, cobalt and lithium products were obtained, with high elution yields.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825688
title: European Neogene rodent communities: explaining family-level replacements through a spatiotemporal approach

description: We analyse the changes in rodent regional assemblages based on 657 fossil-bearing western European localities distributed ranging from <i>ca.</i> 27 Ma (Late Oligocene) to <i>ca.</i> 3 Ma (Late Pliocene). We compare temporal and spatial patterns in order to identify the factors that drive the evolutions of communities. Regional assemblages are analysed based on the distribution of species richness among families. First, communities are temporally analysed to identify significant changes in their composition. Second, regional communities are spatially compared to indentify diversity gradients. The temporal analysis reveals that communities' evolution is marked by several breaks in their composition, related to either migration or environmental/climatic events. This evolution can be summarised in terms of shifts in the relative abundances of glirids, cricetids and murids within assemblages. In contrast, spatial analysis shows that only environmental changes induce long-lasting changes in diversity gradients. Some observations made on cricetids and murids extant relatives indicate that they have undergone a large dietary diversification enabled by a specific digestive tract (along with the diversification of other life-history traits), whereas glirids are more specialised. The opposite diversity dynamics of these groups emphasises the importance of family-level adaptive potential in diversity conservation issues when facing environmental changes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825692.v1
title: Selective recovery of valuable metals from spent Li-ion batteries using solvent-impregnated resins

description: Selective recovery of valuable metals (Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Li<sup>+</sup>) from leachate of spent lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries was investigated in acidic chloride media using solvent impregnated resins (SIRs). An SIR containing bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) had high selectivity for Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup>, with an order of selectivity Fe<sup>3+</sup> &gt; Al<sup>3+</sup> &gt; Cu<sup>2+</sup> &gt; Co<sup>2+</sup>. Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Al<sup>3+</sup> could be removed from synthetic leachate by precipitation, followed by column adsorption with the SIR containing D2EHPA. The synthetic leachate was then applied to chromatography for selective recovery of Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Li<sup>+</sup>. The solution was first fed upward to a column packed with an SIR containing 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester (PC-88A) for selective separation of Cu<sup>2+</sup>, followed by upward feed to another column packed with an SIR comprising PC-88A and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid (Cyanex 272) for selective recovery of Co<sup>2+</sup>. Finally, a column packed with a synergistic SIR containing both 1-phenyl-1,3-tetradecanedione (C<sub>11</sub>phβDK) and tri-<i>n</i>-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) was used for selective recovery of Li<sup>+</sup>. A process flowsheet is proposed for selective recovery of Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup> and Li<sup>+</sup> using several SIRs. This process was found to be simple and efficient for selective recovery of valuable metals from leachate of spent Li-ion batteries. Pure copper, cobalt and lithium products were obtained, with high elution yields.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825688.v1
title: European Neogene rodent communities: explaining family-level replacements through a spatiotemporal approach

description: We analyse the changes in rodent regional assemblages based on 657 fossil-bearing western European localities distributed ranging from <i>ca.</i> 27 Ma (Late Oligocene) to <i>ca.</i> 3 Ma (Late Pliocene). We compare temporal and spatial patterns in order to identify the factors that drive the evolutions of communities. Regional assemblages are analysed based on the distribution of species richness among families. First, communities are temporally analysed to identify significant changes in their composition. Second, regional communities are spatially compared to indentify diversity gradients. The temporal analysis reveals that communities' evolution is marked by several breaks in their composition, related to either migration or environmental/climatic events. This evolution can be summarised in terms of shifts in the relative abundances of glirids, cricetids and murids within assemblages. In contrast, spatial analysis shows that only environmental changes induce long-lasting changes in diversity gradients. Some observations made on cricetids and murids extant relatives indicate that they have undergone a large dietary diversification enabled by a specific digestive tract (along with the diversification of other life-history traits), whereas glirids are more specialised. The opposite diversity dynamics of these groups emphasises the importance of family-level adaptive potential in diversity conservation issues when facing environmental changes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825690.v1
title: Spatial and seasonal variation in niche partitioning between blue manakin (<i>Chiroxiphia caudata</i>) and greenish schiffornis (<i>Schiffornis virescens</i>) in southeastern Brazil

description: The diet of <i>Chiroxiphia caudata</i> and <i>Schiffornis virescens</i> were studied over three years in four forest sites in the southeastern Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Theory suggests that coexistence of similar species is possible by resource-use differences. To test this, patterns of niche overlap and niche breadth in diet were measured in different seasons and forest sites, based on fruit morphological traits and plant life forms. The results suggest seasonal and spatial variation in resource partitioning. During periods of high fruit availability, there was no evidence of fruit trait selection. In contrast, during periods of fruit scarcity in primary forests, there was evidence of niche partitioning, where <i>C. caudata</i> foraged for larger fruits in canopy and <i>S. virescens</i> searched for understory plants. The niche overlap was higher in secondary forest during periods of scarcity, when both species used small understory fruits. Foi estudada a dieta de <i>Chiroxiphia caudata</i> e <i>Schiffornis virescens</i> durante três anos, em quatro tipos de fisionomias florestais no sudeste da Mata Atlântica, Brasil. A teoria sugere que a coexistência de espécies semelhantes é possível pelas diferenças no uso dos recursos. Assim, nós mensuramos a amplitude e sobreposição de nicho considerando a morfologia dos frutos consumidos e a forma de vida das espécies de plantas utilizadas em quatro tipos florestais e em diferentes estações. Os resultados sugerem mudanças sazonais e espaciais na partilha de recursos. Durante períodos de alta disponibilidade de frutos, não há evidências de partilha de recursos. Já em períodos de escassez de frutos nas florestas primárias, <i>C. caudata</i> consumiu frutos grandes presentes no dossel enquanto <i>S. virescens</i> utilizou os frutos pequenos do sub-bosque. Na floresta secundária, o período de escassez foi marcado por sobreposição intensa de nicho onde ambas as espécies consumiram frutos pequenos de sub-bosque.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825691.v1
title: Quantification of four arsenic species in fruit juices by ion-chromatography–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry

description: A method using ion chromatography–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (IC–ICP–MS) for the quantification of arsenic species in fruit juices has been developed and validated. The method is capable of quantifying four anionic arsenic species – arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) – in the presence of unretained species such as arsenobetaine (AsB). Method validation was based on repeatability, analysis of reference materials, recovery of fortified samples, and determination of detection and quantification limits. The method was tested for use with apple, pear, cranberry, grape (red, white and purple) juices, as well as several juice blends. Limits of detection were 0.35, 0.41, 0.45 and 0.70 µg kg<sup>−1</sup> for As(III), DMA, MMA and As(V), respectively. Chromatographic recovery was good for most samples (90–107% compared to total arsenic), though recovery for some grape juice samples was lower (67–78%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825686
title: Population dynamics of <i>Aster pyrenaeus</i> Desf., a threatened species of temperate forest edges: A view of meso- and micro-scales

description: The effect of forest edges on population viability is one of the most unexplored aspects of plant conservation, and questions arise as to the most adequate management model for preserving species in these habitats. Here, we investigate the population dynamics of a high-priority species (<i>Aster pyrenaeus</i>) related to temperate forest edges in northern Spain. One isolated population was monitored during a 6-year period to analyse its response to habitat configuration at different scales. The effect of the sun-shade gradient was tested at the micro-scale using vegetation cover classes, and stochastic simulations were conducted at the meso-scale using spatially explicit models. At the micro-scale, monitored individuals were preferably located in sunny and semi-shady habitats, where population growth was greater. Species presence at the meso-scale was restricted to mixed shady vegetation, showing a null extinction risk in all the tested scenarios but a high probability of decline under past land use. The studied population seems to have persisted on historical remnants with habitat heterogeneity, supporting the hypothesis that the species has its proper ecological niche in grassland–forest edges. We conclude that the conservation management of plant populations dependent on forest edges should consider the maintenance of heterogeneous habitats.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825687
title: The cell death phenomenon during <i>Tuber</i> ectomycorrhiza morphogenesis

description: Cell death phenomenon was investigated during the formation and establishment of <i>Tuber</i> ectomycorrhiza (ECM) with host trees, both <i>in vitro</i> and in pot culture using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) reaction, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). <i>Tuber borchii</i> mycelium and plantlets of <i>Tilia plathyphyllos</i> were used for <i>in vitro</i> ECM synthesis, whereas <i>T. melanosporum</i>, <i>T. aestivum</i> and <i>T. borchii</i> spores and seedlings of <i>Corylus avellana</i>, <i>Quercus pubescens</i> and <i>T. plathyphyllos</i> were employed in pot cultures. Non-mycorrhizal roots showed TUNEL-positive nuclei at the level of cap cells and tracheary elements as a result of physiological root morphogenesis. In contrast, during the pre-symbiotic phase and the following ECM developmental stages, progressive accumulation of tannin/polyphenol deposits developed in epidermal and cortical cells, leading to the cell death but without TUNEL positivity. After this necrosis, a further unexpected autophagic cell death was observed in apparently healthy mycorrhizae, first affecting mycoclena and then the Hartig net hyphae. This series of cell death phenomena involving both root cells and fungal ectomycorrhizal hyphae points to the existence of a genetic orchestration between the two symbiotic partners during ECM morphogenesis and deserves further investigation to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825683
title: Biological soil crusts: An eco-adaptive biological conservative mechanism and implications for ecological restoration

description: Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are highly complex associations of soil particles with mosses, cyanobacteria, lichens, bacteria, and fungi. BSCs affect many ecological processes, including infiltration and evaporation, soil erosion, vegetation succession, and nutrient cycling, and perform important ecological functions of ecosystems in arid areas. In the past 30 years, many studies on BSCs were conducted by researchers all over the world. This paper reviews the recent research progresses and frontier problems, and discusses the current controversial conclusions. The main ideas are as follows: (1) influenced by many macroclimate and micro-environment factors, BSCs are characterized by developmental complexity, composition diversity, and spatial heterogeneity. In any typical areas where exist all types of BSCs at different succession stages, it is of great significance to conduct comparable studies on BSCs and to explore if there exists a probable zonality for them. (2) BSCs not only exert positive impacts on soil fertility and soil erosion, but they also show controversial influences on the hydrological processes, especially on infiltration, evaporation, soil moisture, and vegetation succession such as survival, germination, emergence, and establishment. To understand the function-performing mechanisms of BSCs is helpful for the revealing of their action patterns and the comprehension of the implications of the patterns on ecological processes and restoration as well as clarification of existing controversial points. It will eventually contribute to the effective management and utilization of BSCs resources in a given region for large-scale ecological engineering.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825686.v1
title: Population dynamics of <i>Aster pyrenaeus</i> Desf., a threatened species of temperate forest edges: A view of meso- and micro-scales

description: The effect of forest edges on population viability is one of the most unexplored aspects of plant conservation, and questions arise as to the most adequate management model for preserving species in these habitats. Here, we investigate the population dynamics of a high-priority species (<i>Aster pyrenaeus</i>) related to temperate forest edges in northern Spain. One isolated population was monitored during a 6-year period to analyse its response to habitat configuration at different scales. The effect of the sun-shade gradient was tested at the micro-scale using vegetation cover classes, and stochastic simulations were conducted at the meso-scale using spatially explicit models. At the micro-scale, monitored individuals were preferably located in sunny and semi-shady habitats, where population growth was greater. Species presence at the meso-scale was restricted to mixed shady vegetation, showing a null extinction risk in all the tested scenarios but a high probability of decline under past land use. The studied population seems to have persisted on historical remnants with habitat heterogeneity, supporting the hypothesis that the species has its proper ecological niche in grassland–forest edges. We conclude that the conservation management of plant populations dependent on forest edges should consider the maintenance of heterogeneous habitats.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825687.v1
title: The cell death phenomenon during <i>Tuber</i> ectomycorrhiza morphogenesis

description: Cell death phenomenon was investigated during the formation and establishment of <i>Tuber</i> ectomycorrhiza (ECM) with host trees, both <i>in vitro</i> and in pot culture using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) reaction, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). <i>Tuber borchii</i> mycelium and plantlets of <i>Tilia plathyphyllos</i> were used for <i>in vitro</i> ECM synthesis, whereas <i>T. melanosporum</i>, <i>T. aestivum</i> and <i>T. borchii</i> spores and seedlings of <i>Corylus avellana</i>, <i>Quercus pubescens</i> and <i>T. plathyphyllos</i> were employed in pot cultures. Non-mycorrhizal roots showed TUNEL-positive nuclei at the level of cap cells and tracheary elements as a result of physiological root morphogenesis. In contrast, during the pre-symbiotic phase and the following ECM developmental stages, progressive accumulation of tannin/polyphenol deposits developed in epidermal and cortical cells, leading to the cell death but without TUNEL positivity. After this necrosis, a further unexpected autophagic cell death was observed in apparently healthy mycorrhizae, first affecting mycoclena and then the Hartig net hyphae. This series of cell death phenomena involving both root cells and fungal ectomycorrhizal hyphae points to the existence of a genetic orchestration between the two symbiotic partners during ECM morphogenesis and deserves further investigation to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.825686.v2
title: Population dynamics of <i>Aster pyrenaeus</i> Desf., a threatened species of temperate forest edges: A view of meso- and micro-scales

description: The effect of forest edges on population viability is one of the most unexplored aspects of plant conservation, and questions arise as to the most adequate management model for preserving species in these habitats. Here, we investigate the population dynamics of a high-priority species (<i>Aster pyrenaeus</i>) related to temperate forest edges in northern Spain. One isolated population was monitored during a 6-year period to analyse its response to habitat configuration at different scales. The effect of the sun-shade gradient was tested at the micro-scale using vegetation cover classes, and stochastic simulations were conducted at the meso-scale using spatially explicit models. At the micro-scale, monitored individuals were preferably located in sunny and semi-shady habitats, where population growth was greater. Species presence at the meso-scale was restricted to mixed shady vegetation, showing a null extinction risk in all the tested scenarios but a high probability of decline under past land use. The studied population seems to have persisted on historical remnants with habitat heterogeneity, supporting the hypothesis that the species has its proper ecological niche in grassland–forest edges. We conclude that the conservation management of plant populations dependent on forest edges should consider the maintenance of heterogeneous habitats.