DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhr5
title: Quantitative genetics of developmental stability in flower traits of Solanum rostratum

description: Within-individual variation in floral organs is an important phenotypic
 component that can influence fitness in flowering plants. While the
 genetic basis of this variation has been previously studied, the structure
 of its G-matrix and evolutionary potential remained unexplored. We
 characterize the G-matrix of within-individual floral organ variation
 in Solanum rostratum and evaluate potential evolutionary
 constraints. Within-individual variation was estimated as residual
 deviations from a repeatability model. Using an animal model on
 mean-standardized phenotypic data, we quantified narrow-sense
 heritabilities, conditional and unconditional evolvabilities, and genetic
 correlations for floral organ sizes and their within-individual variation.
 We found that within-individual variation exhibited higher conditional and
 unconditional evolvabilities compared to floral organ sizes.
 Evolvabilities of floral organ sizes were constrained by both additive
 genetic variance and genetic correlations. In contrast, within-individual
 variation was primarily limited by additive genetic variance, as only a
 few genetic correlations were detected for this component. Our study
 provides the first analysis of how genetic correlations constrain the
 evolutionary potential of within-individual variation, a metric reflecting
 developmental stability in floral phenotypes.
description: # Quantitative genetic data of floral organ sizes and within-individual
 variation in Solanum rostratum Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhr5](10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhr5) ## Description of the
 data and file structure This dataset comprises phenotypic measurements of
 11 floral traits obtained from a full-sib/half-sib crossing design in
 *Solanum rostratum* (Solanaceae). Floral organ sizes are reported in
 centimeters (cm), and within-individual variation is quantified as the
 residual deviations derived from a repeatability model. The experimental
 design includes Block (spatial grouping) and Year (temporal replication)
 as factors, along with total plant height as a proxy for overall plant
 size. The dataset is unbalanced and was analyzed using linear
 mixed-effects models in `ASReml-R`; thus, it is not amenable to
 traditional ANOVA frameworks. Phenotypic data were collected exclusively
 from F1 progeny, with parental measurements excluded. The accompanying
 pedigree file lists parental individuals (sires and dams) in the initial
 rows, followed by progeny with assigned parentage. ### Files and variables
 #### File: Pedigree.csv **Description:** This file contains family
 relationships ready to use in Asreml-R software. ##### Variables * ID:
 Identity of individuals, equivalent to "animal" in some animal
 model software * Dam: Mother identity * Sire: Father identity #### File:
 Phenotypic\_data\_Solanum\_rostratum.csv **Description:** This file
 contains phenotypic data of floral organ sizes and within-individual
 variation (residuals) of floral traits of Solanum rostratum #####
 Variables * ID: Identity of individuals, equivalent to "animal"
 in some animal model software * Family: Full-Sib family identity *
 Individual: Identity of individuals within families * Year: Planting year
 * Block: Spatial arrangement of plants within the greenhouse In the
 following columns, the NAs represent missing data due to flower damage at
 the time of processing or non-taken measurements in 2021. Flower trait
 sizes were taken from equivalent high-resolution images. * Plant height:
 Total plant height when it produced the fifth flower  * Corolla length:
 This is a measurement of the corolla size along the axis of bilateral
 symmetry, taken in centimeters. * Corolla width: This is a measurement of
 the corolla size across the axis of bilateral symmetry, taken in
 centimeters. * Style length: This is a measurement of the style filament
 from its point of union with the ovary to the tip, taken in centimeters *
 Ovary width: This is a measurement of the ovary size perpendicular to the
 style's axis, taken in centimeters * Feeding anther length: This is a
 longitudinal measurement of one feeding anther chosen at random, recorded
 in centimeters. * Feeding anther width: This is a transverse measurement
 of one feeding anther chosen at random, recorded in centimeters. *
 Pollinating anther length: This is a longitudinal measurement of the
 pollinating anther, taken in centimeters * Pollinating anther width: This
 is a transverse measurement of the pollinating anther, taken in
 centimeters * Herkogamy: This is a measurement of the distance between the
 pollinating anther tip and the style tip in a two-dimensional plane, taken
 in centimeters. * Pollinating anther pore area (original): This is the
 combined area of both pores in the pollinating anther, measured in square
 centimeters. * Pollinating anther pore area (square root): This is the
 square root of the Pollinating anther pore area (original) column. *
 Pollinating anther form: This is the ratio between pollinating anther
 length and pollinating anther curvature.  The next columns are the
 original residual deviations from a repeatability model; their absolute
 values represent within-individual variation of the floral traits
 previously described. The model included Year and Block as fixed effects,
 and ID as random effects. Models were fitted using ASReml-R. * Corolla
 length residuals * Corolla width residuals * Style length residuals *
 Ovary width residuals * Feeding anther length residuals * Feeding anther
 width residuals * Pollinating anther length residuals * Pollinatin anther
 width residuals * Pollinating anther pore area (squared root) residuals *
 Pollinating anther forma residuals * Herkogamy residuals