cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568204
title: High prevalence of breast cancer in light polluted areas in urban and rural regions of South Korea: An ecologic study on the treatment prevalence of female cancers based on National Health Insurance data

description: It has been reported that excessive artificial light at night (ALAN) could harm human health since it disturbs the natural bio-rhythm and sleep. Such conditions can lead to various diseases, including cancer. In this study, we have evaluated the association between ALAN and prevalence rates of cancer in females on a regional basis, after adjusting for other risk factors, including obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption rates and PM<sub>10</sub> levels. The prevalence rates for breast cancer were found to be significantly associated with ALAN in urban and rural areas. Furthermore, no association was found with ALAN in female lung, liver, cervical, gastric and colon cancer. Despite the limitations of performing ecological studies, this report suggests that ALAN might be a risk factor for breast cancer, even in rural areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568206
title: Day and night shift schedules are associated with lower sleep quality in Evening-types

description: Eveningness has been suggested as a facilitating factor in adaptation to shift work, with several studies reporting evening chronotypes (E-types) as better sleepers when on night shifts. Conversely, eveningness has been associated with more sleep complaints during day shifts. However, sleep during day shifts has received limited attention in previous studies assessing chronotypes in shift workers. Environmental light exposure has also been reported to differ between chronotypes in day workers. Activity is also known to provide temporal input to the circadian clock. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare objective sleep, light exposure and activity levels between chronotypes, both during the night and day shifts. Thirty-nine patrol police patrol officers working on a fast rotating shift schedule (mean age ± SD: 28.9 ± 3.2 yrs; 28 males) participated in this study. All subjects completed the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Sleep and activity were monitored with actigraphy (Actiwatch-L; Mini-Mitter/Respironics, Bend, OR) for four consecutive night shifts and four consecutive day shifts (night work schedule: 00:00 h–07:00 h; day work schedule: 07:00 h–15:00 h). Sleep and activity parameters were calculated with Actiware software. MEQ scores ranged from 26 to 56; no subject was categorized as Morning-type. E-types (<i>n</i> = 13) showed significantly lower sleep efficiency, longer snooze time and spent more time awake after sleep onset than Intermediate-types (I-types, <i>n</i> = 26) for both the night and day shifts. E-types also exhibited shorter and more numerous sleep bouts. Furthermore, when napping was taken into account, E-types had shorter total sleep duration than I-types during the day shifts. E-types were more active during the first hours of their night shift when compared to I-types. Also, all participants spent more time active and had higher amount of activity per minute during day shifts when compared to night shifts. No difference was found regarding light exposure between chronotypes. In conclusion, sleep parameters revealed poorer sleep quality in E-types for both the night and day shifts. These differences could not be explained by sleep opportunity, light exposure or activity levels. This study challenges the notion that E-types adapt better to night shifts. Further studies must verify whether E-types exhibit lower sleep quality than Morning-types.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568203
title: Leptin modulates the daily rhythmicity of blood glucose

description: Leptin may affect central and/or peripheral timing, in addition to its well-known regulatory effects on metabolism. Here, we investigated whether leptin can impact rhythmicity of blood glucose and lipids. For that purpose, daily variations of blood glucose and lipids were compared between mice lacking functional leptin receptor (<i>db/db</i>) or deficient for leptin (<i>ob/ob</i>) and controls (<i>db/+</i> and <i>ob/+</i>, respectively). Next, we investigated whether timed treatment with exogenous leptin in <i>ob/ob</i> mice could modulate blood glucose rhythm. Mice with defective leptin signaling (<i>db/db</i> and <i>ob/ob</i>) have the same phase-opposed timing in glycemia (11 and 9 h shift, respectively) compared to respective controls. By contrast, the phase of plasma lipids rhythms (e.g. triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acid – NEFA, high density lipoprotein – HDL, low density lipoprotein – LDL) remained essentially unchanged, whatever the genotype. Daily injections of leptin (1 mg/kg) in <i>ob/ob</i> mice during nighttime or daytime led to 1–2 h phase-advances of blood glucose rhythm and glucose arrhythmicity, respectively. These injections induced additional phase-dependent shifts of feeding rhythm (ranging from 2.6 h phase-delays to 2.6 h advances). The present study reveals a chronomodulatory role of leptin, and highlights that rhythmic leptin can be a determinant of daily variations of blood glucose and food intake, though not for lipids.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568206.v1
title: Day and night shift schedules are associated with lower sleep quality in Evening-types

description: Eveningness has been suggested as a facilitating factor in adaptation to shift work, with several studies reporting evening chronotypes (E-types) as better sleepers when on night shifts. Conversely, eveningness has been associated with more sleep complaints during day shifts. However, sleep during day shifts has received limited attention in previous studies assessing chronotypes in shift workers. Environmental light exposure has also been reported to differ between chronotypes in day workers. Activity is also known to provide temporal input to the circadian clock. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare objective sleep, light exposure and activity levels between chronotypes, both during the night and day shifts. Thirty-nine patrol police patrol officers working on a fast rotating shift schedule (mean age ± SD: 28.9 ± 3.2 yrs; 28 males) participated in this study. All subjects completed the Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Sleep and activity were monitored with actigraphy (Actiwatch-L; Mini-Mitter/Respironics, Bend, OR) for four consecutive night shifts and four consecutive day shifts (night work schedule: 00:00 h–07:00 h; day work schedule: 07:00 h–15:00 h). Sleep and activity parameters were calculated with Actiware software. MEQ scores ranged from 26 to 56; no subject was categorized as Morning-type. E-types (<i>n</i> = 13) showed significantly lower sleep efficiency, longer snooze time and spent more time awake after sleep onset than Intermediate-types (I-types, <i>n</i> = 26) for both the night and day shifts. E-types also exhibited shorter and more numerous sleep bouts. Furthermore, when napping was taken into account, E-types had shorter total sleep duration than I-types during the day shifts. E-types were more active during the first hours of their night shift when compared to I-types. Also, all participants spent more time active and had higher amount of activity per minute during day shifts when compared to night shifts. No difference was found regarding light exposure between chronotypes. In conclusion, sleep parameters revealed poorer sleep quality in E-types for both the night and day shifts. These differences could not be explained by sleep opportunity, light exposure or activity levels. This study challenges the notion that E-types adapt better to night shifts. Further studies must verify whether E-types exhibit lower sleep quality than Morning-types.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568207.v1
title: Diurnal emotional reactivity: Ultradian changes at neural and behavioral levels in men

description: The aim of this study was to examine the ultradian dynamic of emotional processing in men. Event-related potentials were recorded while participants watched different sets of unpleasant and neutral pictures every 15 min for 3 h. Emotional feelings induced by unpleasant pictures were also assessed with self-rating scales at the end of each picture set. Whereas brain processing of neutral pictures remained stable over time, a late positive component elicited by unpleasant pictures presented ultradian oscillations varying between 65 and 110 min in 77% of the participants, mainly in the right centro-posterior area. Ultradian rhythms were also observed for values self-rating the intensity of unpleasant feelings. Correlative analyses performed between brain and behavioral ultradian oscillations indicated that these rhythms follow a temporal opposite pattern. For the first time, these results raise questions regarding the modulating role of ultradian oscillations when the brain computes the significance of unpleasant stimuli and produces the final emotional feelings. Overall, these findings open new perspectives on the temporal regulation of emotional reactivity in healthy individuals and in those with affective disorders.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568204.v1
title: High prevalence of breast cancer in light polluted areas in urban and rural regions of South Korea: An ecologic study on the treatment prevalence of female cancers based on National Health Insurance data

description: It has been reported that excessive artificial light at night (ALAN) could harm human health since it disturbs the natural bio-rhythm and sleep. Such conditions can lead to various diseases, including cancer. In this study, we have evaluated the association between ALAN and prevalence rates of cancer in females on a regional basis, after adjusting for other risk factors, including obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption rates and PM<sub>10</sub> levels. The prevalence rates for breast cancer were found to be significantly associated with ALAN in urban and rural areas. Furthermore, no association was found with ALAN in female lung, liver, cervical, gastric and colon cancer. Despite the limitations of performing ecological studies, this report suggests that ALAN might be a risk factor for breast cancer, even in rural areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568203.v1
title: Leptin modulates the daily rhythmicity of blood glucose

description: Leptin may affect central and/or peripheral timing, in addition to its well-known regulatory effects on metabolism. Here, we investigated whether leptin can impact rhythmicity of blood glucose and lipids. For that purpose, daily variations of blood glucose and lipids were compared between mice lacking functional leptin receptor (<i>db/db</i>) or deficient for leptin (<i>ob/ob</i>) and controls (<i>db/+</i> and <i>ob/+</i>, respectively). Next, we investigated whether timed treatment with exogenous leptin in <i>ob/ob</i> mice could modulate blood glucose rhythm. Mice with defective leptin signaling (<i>db/db</i> and <i>ob/ob</i>) have the same phase-opposed timing in glycemia (11 and 9 h shift, respectively) compared to respective controls. By contrast, the phase of plasma lipids rhythms (e.g. triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acid – NEFA, high density lipoprotein – HDL, low density lipoprotein – LDL) remained essentially unchanged, whatever the genotype. Daily injections of leptin (1 mg/kg) in <i>ob/ob</i> mice during nighttime or daytime led to 1–2 h phase-advances of blood glucose rhythm and glucose arrhythmicity, respectively. These injections induced additional phase-dependent shifts of feeding rhythm (ranging from 2.6 h phase-delays to 2.6 h advances). The present study reveals a chronomodulatory role of leptin, and highlights that rhythmic leptin can be a determinant of daily variations of blood glucose and food intake, though not for lipids.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568200
title: Effects of thymoquinone on testicular structure and sperm production in male obese rats

description: Thymoquinone (TQ) is a phytochemical compound found in the plant <i>Nigella sativa</i>. It has antioxidant and anti-cancer effects. This study investigated the effects of TQ on obesity and testicular structure of high-fat-diet (HFD) fed rats. Obese control (OC) and obese thymoquinone (OT) groups were fed a special diet containing 40% of total calories from fat. Non-obese control (NC) and non-thymoquinone (NT) groups were fed a standard diet for nine weeks. Then, intraperitoneal TQ injections were carried out to the OT and NT groups for six weeks and testes were removed. Catalase and myeloperoxidase activity were determined in rat testis tissue. Stereological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes were evaluated in the testes of the rats. In stereological studies, mean volumes of testis and seminiferous tubules, the number of spermatogenic cells and also Leydig cells in the OC group were reduced, but these values significantly increased in the OT group. Apoptotic cells were observed in the OC group in comparison to the OT group. The number of healthy sperms were reduced in the OC group, whereas the majority showed anomalies in the head, neck, and tail. The number of healthy sperm was increased and the anomalies significantly reduced by using TQ in both the NT, and especially the OT group. TQ like antioxidants may improve fertility by means of increasing the healthy sperm number and preventing sperm anomalies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568200.v1
title: Effects of thymoquinone on testicular structure and sperm production in male obese rats

description: Thymoquinone (TQ) is a phytochemical compound found in the plant <i>Nigella sativa</i>. It has antioxidant and anti-cancer effects. This study investigated the effects of TQ on obesity and testicular structure of high-fat-diet (HFD) fed rats. Obese control (OC) and obese thymoquinone (OT) groups were fed a special diet containing 40% of total calories from fat. Non-obese control (NC) and non-thymoquinone (NT) groups were fed a standard diet for nine weeks. Then, intraperitoneal TQ injections were carried out to the OT and NT groups for six weeks and testes were removed. Catalase and myeloperoxidase activity were determined in rat testis tissue. Stereological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes were evaluated in the testes of the rats. In stereological studies, mean volumes of testis and seminiferous tubules, the number of spermatogenic cells and also Leydig cells in the OC group were reduced, but these values significantly increased in the OT group. Apoptotic cells were observed in the OC group in comparison to the OT group. The number of healthy sperms were reduced in the OC group, whereas the majority showed anomalies in the head, neck, and tail. The number of healthy sperm was increased and the anomalies significantly reduced by using TQ in both the NT, and especially the OT group. TQ like antioxidants may improve fertility by means of increasing the healthy sperm number and preventing sperm anomalies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568202.v1
title: RhoB is a component of the human cytomegalovirus assembly complex and is required for efficient viral production

description: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), an ubiquitous β-herpesvirus, is a significant pathogen that causes medically severe diseases in immunocompromised individuals and in congenitally infected neonates. RhoB belongs to the family of Rho GTPases, which regulates diverse cellular processes. Rho proteins are implicated in the entry and egress from the host cell of mainly α- and γ-herpesviruses, whereas β-herpesviruses are the least studied in this regard. Here, we studied the role of RhoB GTPase during HCMV lytic infection. Microscopy analysis, both in fixed and live infected cells showed that RhoB was translocated to the assembly complex/compartment (AC) of HCMV, a cytoplasmic zone in infected cells where many viral structural proteins are known to accumulate and assembly of new virions takes place. Furthermore, RhoB was localized at the AC even when the expression of the late HCMV AC proteins was inhibited. At the very late stages of infection, cellular projections were formed containing RhoB and HCMV virions, potentially contributing to the successful viral spread. Interestingly, the knockdown of RhoB in HCMV-infected cells resulted in a significant reduction of the virus titer and could also affect the accumulation of AC viral proteins at this subcellular compartment. RhoB knockdown also affected actin fibers' structure. Actin reorganization was observed at late stages of infection originating from the viral AC and surrounding the cellular projections, implying a potential interplay between RhoB and actin during HCMV assembly and egress. In conclusion, our results demonstrate for the first time that RhoB is a constituent of the viral AC and is required for HCMV productive infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568202
title: RhoB is a component of the human cytomegalovirus assembly complex and is required for efficient viral production

description: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), an ubiquitous β-herpesvirus, is a significant pathogen that causes medically severe diseases in immunocompromised individuals and in congenitally infected neonates. RhoB belongs to the family of Rho GTPases, which regulates diverse cellular processes. Rho proteins are implicated in the entry and egress from the host cell of mainly α- and γ-herpesviruses, whereas β-herpesviruses are the least studied in this regard. Here, we studied the role of RhoB GTPase during HCMV lytic infection. Microscopy analysis, both in fixed and live infected cells showed that RhoB was translocated to the assembly complex/compartment (AC) of HCMV, a cytoplasmic zone in infected cells where many viral structural proteins are known to accumulate and assembly of new virions takes place. Furthermore, RhoB was localized at the AC even when the expression of the late HCMV AC proteins was inhibited. At the very late stages of infection, cellular projections were formed containing RhoB and HCMV virions, potentially contributing to the successful viral spread. Interestingly, the knockdown of RhoB in HCMV-infected cells resulted in a significant reduction of the virus titer and could also affect the accumulation of AC viral proteins at this subcellular compartment. RhoB knockdown also affected actin fibers' structure. Actin reorganization was observed at late stages of infection originating from the viral AC and surrounding the cellular projections, implying a potential interplay between RhoB and actin during HCMV assembly and egress. In conclusion, our results demonstrate for the first time that RhoB is a constituent of the viral AC and is required for HCMV productive infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568196
title: Bayesian Ensemble Trees (BET) for Clustering and Prediction in Heterogeneous Data

description: We propose a novel “tree-averaging” model that uses the ensemble of classification and regression trees (CART). Each constituent tree is estimated with a subset of similar data. We treat this grouping of subsets as Bayesian ensemble trees (BET) and model them as a Dirichlet process. We show that BET determines the optimal number of trees by adapting to the data heterogeneity. Compared with the other ensemble methods, BET requires much fewer trees and shows equivalent prediction accuracy using weighted averaging. Moreover, each tree in BET provides variable selection criterion and interpretation for each subset. We developed an efficient estimating procedure with improved estimation strategies in both CART and mixture models. We demonstrate these advantages of BET with simulations and illustrate the approach with a real-world data example involving regression of lung function measurements obtained from patients with cystic fibrosis. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568194
title: A second species of <i>Eucnemesaurus</i> Van Hoepen, 1920 (Dinosauria, Sauropodomorpha): new information on the diversity and evolution of the sauropodomorph fauna of South Africa's lower Elliot Formation (latest Triassic)

description: ABSTRACTThe Late Triassic–Early Jurassic Elliot Formation of South Africa is one of the most important geological formations worldwide for understanding the early evolution of sauropodomorph dinosaurs. However, many of the taxa currently recognized as valid within its lower strata remain either poorly understood, vaguely diagnosed, or both. The recent discovery of an articulated partial skeleton of a single individual of the enigmatic lower Elliot genus <i>Eucnemesaurus</i> provides an important opportunity to expand our understanding of the anatomy and phylogeny of this poorly known taxon. A comprehensive investigation of the morphological relationships of this new specimen identified key features, pertaining primarily to the femoral shaft and distal tibia, which distinguish it from the only other previously named species of <i>Eucnemesaurus—E. fortis</i>. A new species, <i>E. entaxonis</i>, is erected within which to accommodate it. A cladistic analysis confirms the monophyly of <i>Eucnemesaurus</i>, as well as its continued inclusion within the low-diversity ‘Riojasauridae.’ Nonetheless, this result highlights continued uncertainties regarding the constituency of the <i>Riojasaurus</i> hypodigm. The relatively robust pedal architecture of <i>E. entaxonis</i> suggests an unexpectedly early experiment in a slower, subgraviportal form of locomotion within Late Triassic basal Massopoda, whereas the intriguing mosaic of plesiomorphic and derived characters evident in <i>E. entaxonis</i> raises questions regarding the hypothesized population dynamics of the basal-most sauropodomorph taxa of the lower Elliot Formation. This latter concern has particular bearing on newly observed inconsistencies in the prevailing hypodigms of other lower Elliot basal sauropodomorph taxa such as <i>Melanorosaurus</i>.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:68A7F233-2424-469E-A008-442C4E04B02FSUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568202.v2
title: RhoB is a component of the human cytomegalovirus assembly complex and is required for efficient viral production

description: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), an ubiquitous β-herpesvirus, is a significant pathogen that causes medically severe diseases in immunocompromised individuals and in congenitally infected neonates. RhoB belongs to the family of Rho GTPases, which regulates diverse cellular processes. Rho proteins are implicated in the entry and egress from the host cell of mainly α- and γ-herpesviruses, whereas β-herpesviruses are the least studied in this regard. Here, we studied the role of RhoB GTPase during HCMV lytic infection. Microscopy analysis, both in fixed and live infected cells showed that RhoB was translocated to the assembly complex/compartment (AC) of HCMV, a cytoplasmic zone in infected cells where many viral structural proteins are known to accumulate and assembly of new virions takes place. Furthermore, RhoB was localized at the AC even when the expression of the late HCMV AC proteins was inhibited. At the very late stages of infection, cellular projections were formed containing RhoB and HCMV virions, potentially contributing to the successful viral spread. Interestingly, the knockdown of RhoB in HCMV-infected cells resulted in a significant reduction of the virus titer and could also affect the accumulation of AC viral proteins at this subcellular compartment. RhoB knockdown also affected actin fibers' structure. Actin reorganization was observed at late stages of infection originating from the viral AC and surrounding the cellular projections, implying a potential interplay between RhoB and actin during HCMV assembly and egress. In conclusion, our results demonstrate for the first time that RhoB is a constituent of the viral AC and is required for HCMV productive infection.