cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/8e3c760266668f3ddc43cdbf0cf147b6
title: Long-term fish abundance data for Wisconsin Lakes Department of Natural Resources and North Temperate Lakes LTER 1944 - 2012 (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)

description: This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-ntl/356/3. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: This dataset describes long-term (1944-2012) variations in the relative abundance of fish populations representing nine species in Wisconsin lakes. Data were collected by Wisconsin Department of Natural Resource fisheries biologists as part of routine lake fisheries assessments. Individual survey methodologies varied over space and time and are described in more detail by Rypel, A. et al., 2016. Seventy-Year Retrospective on Size-Structure Changes in the Recreational Fisheries of Wisconsin. Fisheries, 41, pp.230-243. Available at: http://afs.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03632415.2016.1160894
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15208539.v1
title: CureVac NHP study data

description: Data linked to 'Immunogenicity of Low-Dose Prime-Boost Vaccination of mRNA Vaccine CV07050101 in Non-Human Primates' published in Viruses, 2021 <br>
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27l0b6
title: CCDC 2072887: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Aaron S. Crossman, Jake X. Shi, Sebastian M. Krajewski, Laura A. Maurer, Michael P. Marshak|2021|Tetrahedron|94|132308|doi:10.1016/j.tet.2021.132308
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27l0c7
title: CCDC 2072888: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Aaron S. Crossman, Jake X. Shi, Sebastian M. Krajewski, Laura A. Maurer, Michael P. Marshak|2021|Tetrahedron|94|132308|doi:10.1016/j.tet.2021.132308
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27l0d8
title: CCDC 2072889: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Aaron S. Crossman, Jake X. Shi, Sebastian M. Krajewski, Laura A. Maurer, Michael P. Marshak|2021|Tetrahedron|94|132308|doi:10.1016/j.tet.2021.132308
DOI: 10.5519/qd.5keakcfl
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (774 records)
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5218020
title: Kmatrix2_new

description: No
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5218019
title: Kmatrix2_new

description: No
DOI: 10.21965/ijhpr.2021.001
title: Qualité de vie reliée à la santé et confinement: Analyse des effets et des facteurs de risque
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15191619
title: rMATS merged file (comparison)

description: Aberrant splicing in brain tumors
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15191619.v1
title: rMATS merged file (comparison)

description: Aberrant splicing in brain tumors
DOI: 10.21965/ijhpr.2021.e
title: Editorial: Health Preference Research: The Journal has 5 years!
DOI: 10.21965/ijhpr.2021.002
title: Difficultés rencontrées par les étudiants Africains dans l'utilisation des services de santé en Turquie
DOI: 10.21227/7b6p-8j51
title: Thermal Sensation

description: This is a subset of the ASHRAE Global Comfort Database that we used in our study to prove that Deep learning methods performs better than shallow methods predicting the thermal sensation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15209202
title: Temperature-Salinity dependent grazing rates of Gammarus tigrinus on charophytes

description: These data sets include raw data on laboratory observed grazing rates of Gammarus tigrinus on Chara aspera (c_asp) and Chara tomentosa (c_tom) along a full factorial temperature and salinity gradient. Additionally, macrophyte biomass development in the field was analyzed. <br>Gammarids came from the Bodstedter Bodden, whereas charophytes were harvested in the Bodstedter Bodden (54°22'30,5" N, 12°34'14,9" E) and Grabow (54°22'2,3" N, 12°48'27" E), southern Baltic Sea, Germany. <br>
DOI: 10.15482/usda.adc/1523023
title: Chelonus insularis Official Gene Set OGSv1.0
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/90843e27a78985f9f052c86e0e6ca366
title: Long-term fish abundance data for Wisconsin Lakes Department of Natural Resources and North Temperate Lakes LTER 1944 - 2012 (Reformatted to a Darwin Core Archive)

description: This data package is formatted as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A, event core). For more information on Darwin Core see https://www.tdwg.org/standards/dwc/. This Level 2 data package was derived from the Level 1 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-ntl/346/6, which was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-ntl/356/3. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: This dataset describes long-term (1944-2012) variations in the relative abundance of fish populations representing nine species in Wisconsin lakes. Data were collected by Wisconsin Department of Natural Resource fisheries biologists as part of routine lake fisheries assessments. Individual survey methodologies varied over space and time and are described in more detail by Rypel, A. et al., 2016. Seventy-Year Retrospective on Size-Structure Changes in the Recreational Fisheries of Wisconsin. Fisheries, 41, pp.230-243. Available at: http://afs.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03632415.2016.1160894
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7304075
title: Transgenerational effects of ungulates and pre-dispersal seed predators on offspring success and resistance to herbivory

description: Plant and within-plant effects of ungulates and pre-dispersal seed predators on Moricandia moricandioides seed quality and seedling emergence, perfomance and resistance.<br>Dataset corresponding to the following article:<br>"Transgenerational effects of ungulates and<br>pre-dispersal seed predators on offspring<br>success and resistance to herbivory"<br>PLoS ONE 13(12):e0207553.<br><br>https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207553<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7304075.v3
title: Transgenerational effects of ungulates and pre-dispersal seed predators on offspring success and resistance to herbivory

description: Plant and within-plant effects of ungulates and pre-dispersal seed predators on Moricandia moricandioides seed quality and seedling emergence, perfomance and resistance.<br>Dataset corresponding to the following article:<br>"Transgenerational effects of ungulates and<br>pre-dispersal seed predators on offspring<br>success and resistance to herbivory"<br>PLoS ONE 13(12):e0207553.<br><br>https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207553<br>
DOI: 10.25345/c5t53t
title: MassIVE MSV000088000 - Prostate Cancer Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Visibility Is Driven by Tumour-Intrinsic Proteome Dysregulation
title: Proteomics analysis of matched tumor and normal adjacent tumor regions of 40 patients with multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) visible or invisible tumors. All patients have clinically relevant intermediate-risk (pathological ISUP grade group 2), localized prostate cancer.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5218522
title: Distributed Sensing with Low-cost Mobile Sensors towards a Sustainable IoT

description: This zip file contains the dataset used to produce Figure 4 of "Distributed Sensing with Low-cost Mobile Sensors towards a Sustainable IoT". It contains two folders, the first for the stationary sensors and the second for the mobile sensors.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5218521
title: Distributed Sensing with Low-cost Mobile Sensors towards a Sustainable IoT

description: This zip file contains the dataset used to produce Figure 4 of "Distributed Sensing with Low-cost Mobile Sensors towards a Sustainable IoT". It contains two folders, the first for the stationary sensors and the second for the mobile sensors.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27tj6t
title: CCDC 2080106: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Yan-Shan Chen, Yu Zheng, Zhi-Jun Chen, Zhen-Zhen Xie, Xian-Chen He, Jun-An Xiao, Kai Chen, Hao-Yue Xiang, Hua Yang|2021|Org.Biomol.Chem.|19|7074|doi:10.1039/D1OB01143J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27v9r5
title: CCDC 2080867: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Yifang Zhang, Qian Wang, Yi Peng, Haiying Gong, Hua Chen, Hongmei Deng, Jian Hao, Wen Wan|2021|Org.Biomol.Chem.|19|7024|doi:10.1039/D1OB01165K
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27vcdw
title: CCDC 2080918: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Zi-Ming Ye, Kai-Ping Xie, Chao Wang, Xue-Wen Zhang, Hao-Long Zhou, Jie-Peng Zhang|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|11893|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02033
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27vcfx
title: CCDC 2080919: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Zi-Ming Ye, Kai-Ping Xie, Chao Wang, Xue-Wen Zhang, Hao-Long Zhou, Jie-Peng Zhang|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|11893|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02033
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27vcgy
title: CCDC 2080920: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Zi-Ming Ye, Kai-Ping Xie, Chao Wang, Xue-Wen Zhang, Hao-Long Zhou, Jie-Peng Zhang|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|11893|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02033
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27vchz
title: CCDC 2080921: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Zi-Ming Ye, Kai-Ping Xie, Chao Wang, Xue-Wen Zhang, Hao-Long Zhou, Jie-Peng Zhang|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|11893|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02033
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27vcj0
title: CCDC 2080922: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Zi-Ming Ye, Kai-Ping Xie, Chao Wang, Xue-Wen Zhang, Hao-Long Zhou, Jie-Peng Zhang|2021|Inorg.Chem.|60|11893|doi:10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02033
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27vf9v
title: CCDC 2080977: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Yan-Shan Chen, Yu Zheng, Zhi-Jun Chen, Zhen-Zhen Xie, Xian-Chen He, Jun-An Xiao, Kai Chen, Hao-Yue Xiang, Hua Yang|2021|Org.Biomol.Chem.|19|7074|doi:10.1039/D1OB01143J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27vp5z
title: CCDC 2081221: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Yan-Shan Chen, Yu Zheng, Zhi-Jun Chen, Zhen-Zhen Xie, Xian-Chen He, Jun-An Xiao, Kai Chen, Hao-Yue Xiang, Hua Yang|2021|Org.Biomol.Chem.|19|7074|doi:10.1039/D1OB01143J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc27wz9f
title: CCDC 2082465: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Shunya Morita, Tomoyuki Yoshimura, Jun-ichi Matsuo|2021|Tetrahedron|94|132329|doi:10.1016/j.tet.2021.132329
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc2805xd
title: CCDC 2085553: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Ökten Üngör, Eun Sang Choi, Michael Shatruk|2021|Chemical Science|12|10765|doi:10.1039/D1SC02843J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc2805yf
title: CCDC 2085554: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Ökten Üngör, Eun Sang Choi, Michael Shatruk|2021|Chemical Science|12|10765|doi:10.1039/D1SC02843J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc2805zg
title: CCDC 2085555: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Ökten Üngör, Eun Sang Choi, Michael Shatruk|2021|Chemical Science|12|10765|doi:10.1039/D1SC02843J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28060j
title: CCDC 2085556: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Ökten Üngör, Eun Sang Choi, Michael Shatruk|2021|Chemical Science|12|10765|doi:10.1039/D1SC02843J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28062l
title: CCDC 2085558: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Ökten Üngör, Eun Sang Choi, Michael Shatruk|2021|Chemical Science|12|10765|doi:10.1039/D1SC02843J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28063m
title: CCDC 2085559: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Ökten Üngör, Eun Sang Choi, Michael Shatruk|2021|Chemical Science|12|10765|doi:10.1039/D1SC02843J
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc28064n
title: CCDC 2085560: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Ökten Üngör, Eun Sang Choi, Michael Shatruk|2021|Chemical Science|12|10765|doi:10.1039/D1SC02843J
DOI: 10.25345/c5pg3p
title: MassIVE MSV000088001 - Lung cancer plasma glycoproteome correlation with plasma DSC thermograms
title: Blood plasma from patients diagnosed with different subtypes of lung cancer or subjects with benign nodules was analyzed by using isobaric labeling and correlating to plasma thermograms. Plasma samples were digested using a FASP approach, labeled with TMT11plex reagents, admixed, deglycosylated using NEB Deglycoslylation Mix II in a non-denaturing approach. Deglycosylated peptides were eluted and analyzed by 1DLC-(low pH RP C-18)-MS. Collected data were analyzed by PD 2.1 using SequestHT and Mascot considering N-linked de-glycosylation of plasma proteins with Asn&gt;Asp and Gln&gt;Glu conversions along with standard modifications (TMT, Met(ox), Cys(CAM)) using an Orbitrap ELITE mass spectrometer. TMT reporter ion values were normalized to pooled internal standard TMT131 label and median glycopeptide abundance values of selected proteins were compared between control subjects and LC patients.
DOI: 10.7284/143506
title: CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) data collected during research cruise NBP1005 using a Sea-Bird SBE-911+ instrument system onboard the platform RV Nathaniel B. Palmer

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.7284/143507
title: Expendable Probe data collected during research cruise NBP1005 using a Sippican MK12 instrument system onboard the platform RV Nathaniel B. Palmer

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.7284/143508
title: GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) data collected during research cruise NBP1005 using a Furuno GP-330B instrument system onboard the platform RV Nathaniel B. Palmer

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.7284/143510
title: Gyrocompass data collected during research cruise NBP1005 using a Yokogawa CMZ700B instrument system onboard the platform RV Nathaniel B. Palmer

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.7284/143511
title: INS (Inertial Navigation System) data collected during research cruise NBP1005 using a Kongsberg Seapath 200 instrument system onboard the platform RV Nathaniel B. Palmer

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.7284/143505
title: Multibeam Echosounder data collected during research cruise NBP1005 using a Kongsberg EM122 instrument system onboard the platform RV Nathaniel B. Palmer

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.3886/e119446v118
title: COVID-19 US State Policy Database

description: For questions or comments about the database please contact:<br>Alexandra Skinner <br>skinnera@bu.edu <br>Research Fellow & Database Manager<br>Department of Health Law, Policy & Management <br>Boston University School of Public Health<br><br>Database of state policies on closures, shelter-in-place orders, housing protections, changes to Medicaid and SNAP, physical distancing closures, reopening, and more created by researchers at the Boston University School of Public Health. Policies included are state-wide directives or mandates, not guidance or recommendations. In order for a policy to be included, it must apply to the entire state. We are working quickly to go through state government websites to make the policy database as complete and accurate as possible in a rapidly changing policy context. If you use data on a given policy, we encourage you to triangulate based on additional sources of policy data and to review the source documentation to consider the coding decisions that are right for your work. Of course, please email us if you note a discrepancy so we can improve the database for everyone. State policy source documentation can be found at: tinyurl.com/statepolicysources.
description: State policies. Smallest Geographic Unit: State
description: other; Contributors: Megan Cole Brahim, Noa Krawczyk, Carolyn Hoffman, Claire Corkish, Elizabeth Ferrara, Elizabeth Long, Emily Baroni, Faith Contador, Hannah Simon, Morgan Simko, Rachel Scheckman, Sarah Brewer, Sue Kulkarni, Felicia Heykoop, Manish Patel, Aishwarya Vidyasagaran, Andrew Chiao, Cara Safon, Samantha Burkhart, Harry Jung, Victor Lee, Marina MacKinnon, Aarohi Rede, Marie Vearling, Sophie Li, Christina Wang, Tim Levengood, María Jordán P. Emma Chistolini
DOI: 10.1184/r1/14755143
title: Multiple serial sectional inclusion SEM analysis of a ladle sample and a tundish sample from the same heat

description: Two separate files are included in this dataset. They are a compilation of multiple cross-sectional SEM inclusion analyses of the same area, for 2 samples. Both samples are from the same heat, one from the lade metallurgy furnace (LMF) and the other from the tundish. The SEM analysis was carried out at Carnegie Mellon University using a Thermo Fisher / FEI Aspex Explorer, at 10 kV accelerating voltage. The data is filtered to remove non-inclusions (pores and erroneous readings). For each sample, a specified area was marked and analyzed in the SEM. Then the surface was polished to remove several micrometers and reanalyzed again in the SEM. This process was reiterated to obtain multiple serial sections (i.e. 3D inclusion distribution). Five serial sections were analyzed for the LMF sample, and six for the tundish sample. Inclusions' z coordinate was calculated based on the amount of material removed between sections.
DOI: 10.1184/r1/14755302
title: Inclusion SEM analysis of the same calcium aluminate inclusions at 10, 15, & 20 kV accelerating voltages

description: The dataset is compiled from the analyses of the same calcium aluminate inclusions at 10, 15, and 20 kV accelerating voltages. Two files are included. The first pertains to the analyses at varying spot sizes and using a reference GSV of 200 for Fe and 70 for Al. The second to the analyses at fixed spot size (40%), using reference GSV of 170 for Fe and 100 for Al. The SEM analysis was conducted at Carnegie Mellon University using a Thermo Fisher / FEI Aspex Explorer.
DOI: 10.1184/r1/14755302.v1
title: Inclusion SEM analysis of the same calcium aluminate inclusions at 10, 15, & 20 kV accelerating voltages

description: The dataset is compiled from the analyses of the same calcium aluminate inclusions at 10, 15, and 20 kV accelerating voltages. Two files are included. The first pertains to the analyses at varying spot sizes and using a reference GSV of 200 for Fe and 70 for Al. The second to the analyses at fixed spot size (40%), using reference GSV of 170 for Fe and 100 for Al. The SEM analysis was conducted at Carnegie Mellon University using a Thermo Fisher / FEI Aspex Explorer.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4836304
title: Road Injuries of Motorcyclists

description: The file: <strong>Dataset 1.xlsx</strong>, contains information related to deaths and the respective dictionary of variables. The file: <strong>Dataset 2.xlsx</strong>, contains information related to those injured by motorcyclist road incidents "in situ" obtained from police records and the respective dictionary of variables. The file: <strong>Dataset 3.xlsx,</strong> contains information related to the records of injuries treated for motorcyclist road incidents treated in the health services and the respective dictionary of the variables The file: <strong>S1_Table.docx</strong>, contains the information about nature of lesions and assigned ICD10 codes. The file: <strong>S2_Table.docx</strong>, contains the information about disability weights by nature of injury according to GBD The file: <strong>S3_Table.docx</strong>, contains the information about number of deaths “in situ” injuries, injuries attended, YLL, YLD and DALY for motorcyclist road incidents per year, according to sex and age groups, Medellín, 2012-2015. The file:<strong> S4_Table.docx</strong><em>, c</em>ontains the information about Distribution of YLD due to motorcyclist road incidents according to the nature of injury and the number of injuries per event.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4836303
title: Road Injuries of Motorcyclists

description: The file: <strong>Dataset 1.xlsx</strong>, contains information related to deaths and the respective dictionary of variables. The file: <strong>Dataset 2.xlsx</strong>, contains information related to those injured by motorcyclist road incidents "in situ" obtained from police records and the respective dictionary of variables. The file: <strong>Dataset 3.xlsx,</strong> contains information related to the records of injuries treated for motorcyclist road incidents treated in the health services and the respective dictionary of the variables The file: <strong>S1_Table.docx</strong>, contains the information about nature of lesions and assigned ICD10 codes. The file: <strong>S2_Table.docx</strong>, contains the information about disability weights by nature of injury according to GBD The file: <strong>S3_Table.docx</strong>, contains the information about number of deaths “in situ” injuries, injuries attended, YLL, YLD and DALY for motorcyclist road incidents per year, according to sex and age groups, Medellín, 2012-2015. The file:<strong> S4_Table.docx</strong><em>, c</em>ontains the information about Distribution of YLD due to motorcyclist road incidents according to the nature of injury and the number of injuries per event.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5218534
title: Kmatrix3_new

description: no
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5218533
title: Kmatrix3_new

description: no
DOI: 10.17632/f49sc2w25c.1
title: Wind power potential in highlands of the Bolivian Andes: A numerical approach

description: The data is from the research work "Wind power potential in highlands of the Bolivian Andes: A numerical approach" submitted to "Energies". This cointains the namelist and wind-turbine.tbl files for the WRF-ARW simulations, the coordinates of wind farms, and MERRA2 data used in this work.
DOI: 10.17632/4yknhck825.1
title: data and code for "Constructing multiple-objective portfolio selection for green innovation and dominating green-innovation indexes"

description: data and code
DOI: 10.17632/wbsbzxvxwc.1
title: Damage and recovery from drift of synthetic-auxin herbicide dicamba depends on concentration and varies among floral, vegetative, and lifetime traits in rapid cycling Brassica rapa

description: Herbicides can drift from intended plants onto non-target species. It remains unclear how drift impacts plant functional traits that are important for fitness. To address this gap, we conducted an experiment where fast cycling Brassica rapa plants were exposed to one of three drift concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 10%) of synthetic-auxin dicamba. We evaluated damage to and capacity of floral and vegetative traits to recover as well as lifetime fitness by comparing treated plants to controls. Response to dicamba exposure was concentration-dependent across all traits but varied with trait type. At 0.5% dicamba, three out of five floral traits were affected, while at 1% dicamba, four floral traits and one out of two vegetative traits were negatively impacted. At 10% dicamba all floral and vegetative traits were stunted. Overall, floral traits were more responsive to all dicamba drift concentrations than vegetative traits and displayed a wide range of variation ranging from no response (e.g., pistil length) to up to 84% reduction (ovule number). However, despite floral traits were more affected across the dicamba drift concentrations they were also more likely to recover than the vegetative traits. There was also variation among lifetime traits; the onset of flowering was delayed, and reproductive fitness was negatively affected in a concentrationdependent manner, but the final biomass and total flower production were not affected. Altogether, we show substantial variation across plant traits in their response to dicamba and conclude that accounting for this variation is essential to understand the full impact of herbicide drift on plants and the ecological interactions these traits mediate.