cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fr8jm
title: Data from: Degree of glutathione deficiency and redox imbalance depend on subtype of mitochondrial disease and clinical status

description: Mitochondrial disorders are associated with decreased energy production
 and redox imbalance. Glutathione plays a central role in redox signaling
 and protecting cells from oxidative damage. In order to understand the
 consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction on in vivo redox status, and to
 determine how this varies by mitochondrial disease subtype and clinical
 severity, we used a sensitive tandem mass spectrometry assay to precisely
 quantify whole blood reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione levels
 in a large cohort of mitochondrial disorder patients. Glutathione redox
 potential was calculated using the Nernst equation. Compared to healthy
 controls (n = 59), mitochondrial disease patients (n = 58) as a group
 showed significant redox imbalance (redox potential −251 mV±9.7,
 p&lt;0.0001) with an increased level of oxidation by ~9 mV compared to
 controls (−260 mV±6.4). Underlying this abnormality were significantly
 lower whole blood GSH levels (p = 0.0008) and GSH/GSSG ratio (p = 0.0002),
 and significantly higher GSSG levels (p&lt;0.0001) in mitochondrial
 disease patients compared to controls. Redox potential was significantly
 more oxidized in all mitochondrial disease subgroups including Leigh
 syndrome (n = 15), electron transport chain abnormalities (n = 10),
 mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes
 (n = 8), mtDNA deletion syndrome (n = 7), mtDNA depletion syndrome (n =
 7), and miscellaneous other mitochondrial disorders (n = 11). Patients
 hospitalized in metabolic crisis (n = 7) showed the greatest degree of
 redox imbalance at −242 mV±7. Peripheral whole blood GSH and GSSG levels
 are promising biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction, and may give
 insights into the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathophysiology
 of the various mitochondrial disorders. In particular, evaluation of redox
 potential may be useful in monitoring of clinical status or response to
 redox-modulating therapies in clinical trials.
description: GSH_project_MasterListExcel file containing oxidized and reduced glutathione data in patients and controls.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cq7t1
title: Data from: Elevated virulence of an emerging viral genotype as a driver of honeybee loss

description: Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) have contributed significantly to the
 current biodiversity crisis, leading to widespread epidemics and
 population loss. Owing to genetic variation in pathogen virulence, a
 complete understanding of species decline requires the accurate
 identification and characterization of EIDs. We explore this issue in the
 Western honeybee, where increasing mortality of populations in the
 Northern Hemisphere has caused major concern. Specifically, we investigate
 the importance of genetic identity of the main suspect in mortality,
 deformed wing virus (DWV), in driving honeybee loss. Using laboratory
 experiments and a systematic field survey, we demonstrate that an emerging
 DWV genotype (DWV-B) is more virulent than the established DWV genotype
 (DWV-A) and is widespread in the landscape. Furthermore, we show in a
 simple model that colonies infected with DWV-B collapse sooner than
 colonies infected with DWV-A. We also identify potential for rapid DWV
 evolution by revealing extensive genome-wide recombination in vivo. The
 emergence of DWV-B in naive honeybee populations, including via
 recombination with DWV-A, could be of significant ecological and economic
 importance. Our findings emphasize that knowledge of pathogen genetic
 identity and diversity is critical to understanding drivers of species
 decline.
description: Cage
 ExperimentContains raw survival
 data and models as coded in R; sequenced clones from qPCR primers;
 consensus DWV genomes from A and B inocula (derived from illumina
 libraries M2 and M1 respectively); and qPCR dataGB
 PrevalenceContains raw prevalence
 data and statistical code (R) for GB survey of DWV-A and
 DWV-B.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cg8q67q5
title: Data from: Plant species richness belowground: higher richness and new patterns revealed by next generation sequencing

description: Variation in plant species richness has been described using only
 aboveground vegetation. The species richness of roots and rhizomes has
 never been compared with aboveground richness in natural plant
 communities. We made direct comparisons of grassland plant richness in
 identical volumes (0.1x0.1x0.1m) above and below the soil surface, using
 conventional species identification to measure aboveground richness and
 454 sequencing of the chloroplast trnL(UAA) intron to measure belowground
 richness. Sequencing detected most species expected and only these species
 were used both above- and belowground analyses. We described above- and
 belowground richness at multiple spatial scales (from a neighborhood scale
 of centimeters to a community scale of hundreds of meters), and related
 variation in richness to soil fertility. At neighborhood scales,
 belowground richness was up to two times greater than aboveground
 richness. The relationship between above- and belowground richness was
 significantly different from linear: increases in aboveground richness
 stopped even as increases in belowground richness continued. Belowground
 richness exceeded that aboveground also at the community scale, indicating
 that some species are temporarily dormant and absent aboveground. Similar
 to other grassland studies, aboveground richness declined with increasing
 soil fertility; in contrast, the number of species found only belowground
 increased significantly with fertility. These results indicate that
 conventional aboveground studies of plant richness may overlook many
 coexisting species, and that belowground richness becomes relatively more
 important in conditions where aboveground richness decreases. Using
 molecular tools to measure plant belowground richness can considerably
 alter perceptions of biodiversity and its responses to natural and
 anthropogenic factors.
description: Hiiesalu_etal._datapackage
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.609k3
title: Data from: Postglacial expansion pathways of red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, in the Caribbean Basin and Florida

description: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was a period of
 massive range contraction. Post-LGM, water-dispersed coastal species,
 including the red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle), expanded poleward as
 propagules were transported by ocean currents. We assessed postglacial
 marine expansion pathways for R. mangle within the Caribbean Basin and
 Florida. METHODS: Six microsatellite loci were used to genotype 237
 individuals from nine R. mangle populations in the Caribbean, Florida, and
 Northwest Africa. We evaluated genetic variation, population structure,
 gene flow along alternative post-LGM expansion pathways to Florida, and
 potential long-distance dispersal (LDD) from West Africa to Caribbean
 islands. KEY RESULTS: These R. mangle populations had substantial genetic
 structure (FST = 0.37, P &lt; 0.0001) with three discrete population
 clusters (Caribbean mainland, Caribbean islands, and Florida). Genetic
 connectivity along the mainland pathway (Caribbean mainland to Florida)
 vs. limited gene dispersal along the Antilles Island pathway (Caribbean
 islands to Florida) supported Florida recolonization from Caribbean
 mainland sources. Genetic similarity of Northwest Africa and two Caribbean
 islands provided evidence for trans-Atlantic LDD. We did not find a
 pattern of decreasing genetic diversity with latitude. CONCLUSIONS: We
 outline a complex expansion history for R. mangle, with discrete pathways
 of recolonization for Florida and Caribbean islands. Contrary to
 expectation, connectivity to putative Caribbean mainland refugial
 populations via ocean currents, and not latitude, appears to dictate
 genetic diversity within Caribbean island and Florida R. mangle. These
 findings provide a framework for further investigation of additional
 water-dispersed neotropical species, and insights for management
 initiatives.
description: Rhizophora mangle L.
 microsatellite genotype data and geographic and genetic
 distancesMicrosatellite genotype
 data (tab 1) and matrices of genetic and geographic distances (tab 2) for
 Rhizophora mangle L. populations from the Caribbean Basin, Florida, and
 Northwest AfricaKennedy et
 al_AJB.xlsx
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18375333
title: Hyperfocus in Probable Bruxism and Painful Temporomandibular Disorders
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g8r231p
title: Data from: Multiple simultaneous treatments change plant response from adaptive parental effects to within-generation plasticity, in Arabidopsis thaliana

description: In general, studies on plant phenotypic plasticity concentrate on plant
 responses to different levels of a single environmental factor. Under
 natural conditions, however, multiple environmental factors often vary
 simultaneously. I studied the consequences for lifetime fitness caused by
 single treatments or treatment combinations by investigating patterns of
 phenotypic plasticity within and between generations. The parental plants
 (3 genotypes of the annual plant Arabidopsis thaliana) received zero, one
 or two stress treatments at an early life-stage. The treatments included
 wounding, shading, chilling, and their pairwise combinations. In the
 second generation, offspring of treated plants received either the
 parental or no treatment. Offspring of non-treated plants were reared
 under all treatment conditions. Plants responded strongly to the
 treatments, especially through delayed reproduction, which positively
 affected lifetime fitness. Notably, treatment combinations triggered
 stronger plastic responses on average. Because the delay in reproduction
 was offset by a delay in senescence, the treatments resulted in a fitness
 gain instead of a loss. However, under adverse environmental conditions,
 this delay represents a potential fitness cost, especially when the time
 for reproduction is limited. The treatments wounding and shading triggered
 parental effects that increased fitness only in plants that themselves
 received the treatment. Untreated offspring of wounded or shaded parents
 performed like control plants. Also, these parental effects were not
 accompanied by potential fitness costs, such as delayed reproduction.
 Chilling triggered genotype-specific parental effects that increased or
 reduced fitness. Of the treatment combinations only wounding and shading
 resulted in genotype-specific parental effects that increased or reduced
 fitness independently of offspring treatment. These results suggest that
 the response of annual plants to treatment combinations triggers
 predominantly within-generation plastic responses that include potential
 fitness costs, which cannot be inferred from studies that manipulate
 environmental factors individually. Therefore, single treatment studies
 likely underestimate the costs of plasticity in natural environments.
description: Data_Oik_05627This sheet holds all plant data and factors used in the models that were described in the associated paper. The column headings were edited to match the variables and factor levels named in the paper. If additional information is needed please contact me (christian.lampei(at)uni-münster.de or c.lampei(at)yahoo.de.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18375332
title: Hyperfocus in Probable Bruxism and Painful Temporomandibular Disorders
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pt22p
title: Data from: Eggshell coloration reflects both yolk characteristics and dietary carotenoid history of female mallards

description: 1. Avian eggshell coloration has frequently been examined in a functional
 context (e.g. mimicry, camouflage), but in recent years, an interest has
 emerged in identifying the mechanisms that drive eggshell colour
 variation. 2. Eggshell coloration is predominately caused by pigment
 deposition; one such pigment is the antioxidant biliverdin, and deposition
 of biliverdin into eggshells may be costly to mothers due to depletion of
 their antioxidant reserves. Previous work has shown that dietary
 supplementation during laying with another type of antioxidant –
 carotenoid pigments – induces females to produce more biliverdin-rich
 eggshells. However, the impact of pre-laying nutrition – including the
 developmental period early in life – on eggshell coloration has not been
 investigated. 3. Here, we raised female mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) from
 hatching, supplemented their diets with carotenoids during early-, mid- or
 late-developmental periods, and at adulthood measured female circulating
 carotenoid levels, yolk carotenoid levels, and eggshell coloration. We
 found that carotenoid supplementation during the late stages of
 development (transitional period from juvenile to adult plumage) promoted
 the laying of eggs with more biliverdin-rich eggshells. Independent of
 developmental dietary treatment, females with higher circulating
 carotenoid levels at the time of egg laying produced more biliverdin-rich
 eggshells and more carotenoid-rich yolks. When controlling for female
 identity, we found that more biliverdin-rich eggshells were associated
 with more carotenoid-rich, but smaller, yolks. We also detected a laying
 order effect; later-laid eggs had larger, less carotenoid-rich yolks and
 less biliverdin-rich eggshells. 4. Taken together, these results
 demonstrate that eggshell coloration reveals carotenoid status of both
 mothers and yolks and that diet quality more than 1 month prior to laying
 can affect eggshell coloration in a waterfowl species. As mallards are
 considered to be capital breeders in terms of lipid stores, our findings
 provide a new developmental perspective on the carryover of lipid-soluble
 and antioxidant nutrient reserves for breeding.
description: Egg data by
 eggDryadData.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3dn67gk
title: Data from: Multiple micronutrient status and predictors of anemia in young children aged 12-23 months living in New Delhi, India

description: Anemia has been identified as a severe public health concern among young
 children in India, however, information on the prevalence of anemia
 attributed to micronutrient deficiencies is lacking. We aimed to assess
 multiple micronutrient status (iron, zinc, selenium, vitamin A, vitamin D,
 folate and vitamin B12) in young Indian children and to investigate the
 role of these seven micronutrients and other non-nutritional factors on
 hemoglobin concentrations and anemia. One-hundred and twenty children aged
 12 to 23 months were included in a cross-sectional nutritional assessment
 survey, of which 77 children provided a blood sample. Hemoglobin (Hb),
 serum ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), total body iron,
 zinc, selenium, retinol binding protein (RBP), folate, vitamin B12 and
 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured, and adjusted for inflammation
 using C-reactive protein (CRP) and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), where
 appropriate. Predictors for hemoglobin and anemia were identified in
 multiple regression models. Most of the children were classified as
 anemic, of which 86 to 93% was associated with iron deficiency depending
 on the indicator applied. Deficiencies of folate (37%), and notably
 vitamin D (74%) were also common; fewer children were classified with
 deficiencies of vitamin B12 (29%), zinc (25%), and vitamin A (17%) and
 selenium deficiency was nearly absent. Multiple micronutrient deficiencies
 were common with over half (57%) deficient in three or more
 micronutrients, and less than 10% of children were classified with
 adequate status for all the micronutrients measured. Iron status was found
 to be the only nutritional factor statistically significantly inversely
 associated with anemia (P = 0.003) in multivariate analysis after
 controlling for sex. A coordinated multi-micronutrient program is urgently
 needed to combat the co-existing micronutrient deficiencies in these young
 children to improve micronutrient status and reduce the high burden of
 childhood anemia.
description: Multiple-micronutrient
 status of Indian childrenAnthropometric z-scores
 of 120 children aged 12-24 months from India and the following
 micronutrient biomarkers: haemoglobin, iron (soluble transferrin receptor,
 ferritin, body iron), vitamin A (retinol binding protein), vitamin D,
 zinc, selenium, folate, and vitamin B12. Iron, vitamin A, selenium, and
 zinc have been adjusted for inflammation using the recent BRINDA
 regression method.Indiadata_micronutrientstatus.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t316t
title: Data from: Integrated population modelling reveals a perceived source to be a cryptic sink

description: Demographic links among fragmented populations are commonly studied as
 source-sink dynamics, whereby source populations exhibit net recruitment
 and net emigration, while sinks suffer net mortality but enjoy net
 immigration. It is commonly assumed that large, persistent aggregations of
 individuals must be sources, but this ignores the possibility that they
 are sinks instead, buoyed demographically by immigration. We tested this
 assumption using Bayesian integrated population modelling of Greenland
 white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons flavirostris) at their largest
 wintering site (Wexford, Ireland), combining capture–mark–recapture,
 census and recruitment data collected from 1982 to 2010. Management for
 this subspecies occurs largely on wintering areas; thus, study of
 source-sink dynamics of discrete regular wintering units provides
 unprecedented insights into population regulation and enables
 identification of likely processes influencing population dynamics at
 Wexford and among 70 other Greenland white-fronted goose wintering
 subpopulations. Using results from integrated population modelling, we
 parameterized an age-structured population projection matrix to determine
 the contribution of movement rates (emigration and immigration),
 recruitment and mortality to the dynamics of the Wexford subpopulation.
 Survival estimates for juvenile and adult birds at Wexford and adult birds
 elsewhere fluctuated over the 29-year study period, but were not
 identifiably different. However, per capita recruitment rates at Wexford
 in later years (post-1995) were identifiably lower than in earlier years
 (pre-1995). The observed persistence of the Wexford subpopulation was only
 possible with high rates of immigration, which exceeded emigration in each
 year. Thus, despite its apparent stability, Wexford has functioned as a
 sink over the entire study period. These results demonstrate that even
 large subpopulations can potentially be sinks, and that movement dynamics
 (e.g. immigration) among winters can dramatically obscure key processes
 driving subpopulation size. Further, novel population models which
 integrate capture–mark–recapture, census and recruitment data are
 essential to correctly ascribing source-sink status and accurately
 informing development of site-safeguard networks.
description: Weegman et al. 2015 data
 for Dryad
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k4c8dk31
title: Data from: Chronic malnutrition favours smaller critical size for metamorphosis initiation in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Critical size at which metamorphosis is initiated represents an important
 checkpoint in insect development. Here we use experimental evolution in
 Drosophila melanogaster to test the long-standing hypothesis that larval
 malnutrition should favour a smaller critical size. We report that six fly
 populations subject to 112 generations of laboratory natural selection on
 an extremely poor larval evolved an 18 % smaller critical size (compared
 to six unselected control populations). Thus, even though critical size is
 not plastic with respect to nutrition, smaller critical size can evolve as
 an adaptation to nutritional stress. We also demonstrate that this
 reduction in critical size (rather than differences in growth rate)
 mediates a trade-off in body weight that the selected populations
 experience on standard food, on which they show a 15-17 % smaller adult
 body weight. This illustrates how developmental mechanisms which control
 life history may shape constraints and trade-offs in life history
 evolution.
description: critical weight
 dataThis data was collected
 in our laboratory using populations of D. melanogaster experimentaly
 evolved for increased adaptation to chronic larval malnutrition. The data
 file includes the larval wet weight and proportion pupariating at 7 time
 points for 12 populations (6 selected-S1 to S6;and 6 control C1 to
 C6).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8s511
title: Data from: Simulation as a new tool to establish benchmark outcome measures in obstetrics

description: Background: There are not enough clinical data from rare critical events
 to calculate statistics to decide if the management of actual events might
 be below what could reasonably be expected (i.e. was an outlier).
 Objectives: In this project we used simulation to describe the
 distribution of management times as an approach to decide if the
 management of a simulated obstetrical crisis scenario could be considered
 an outlier. Design: Twelve obstetrical teams managed 4 scenarios that were
 previously developed. Relevant outcome variables were defined by expert
 consensus. The distribution of the response times from the teams who
 performed the respective intervention was graphically displayed and median
 and quartiles calculated using rank order statistics. Results: Only 7 of
 the 12 teams performed chest compressions during the arrest following the
 ‘cannot intubate/cannot ventilate’ scenario. All other outcome measures
 were performed by at least 11 of the 12 teams. Calculation of medians and
 quartiles with 95% CI was possible for all outcomes. Confidence intervals,
 given the small sample size, were large. Conclusion: We demonstrated the
 use of simulation to calculate quantiles for management times of critical
 event. This approach could assist in deciding if a given performance could
 be considered normal and also point to aspects of care that seem to pose
 particular challenges as evidenced by a large number of teams not
 performing the expected maneuver. However sufficiently large sample sizes
 (i.e. from a national data base) will be required to calculate acceptable
 confidence intervals and to establish actual tolerance limits.
description: 20141220 Database for
 PLoS ONE Manuscript
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18384083
title: AI Legal Chatbot

description: Title: Dataset for "Design and Implementation of an AI Legal Chatbot to Support Legal Awareness Among Low-Income Citizens in Ghana"

Description:This repository contains anonymised datasets supporting the findings reported in the associated article. The data were used to train and evaluate a multilingual AI-powered legal chatbot designed for low-income users in Ghana.

Contents:- survey_conversational_data.csv: Anonymised legal queries and narratives- dataset_composition_table1.csv: Data underlying Table 1- model_performance_table2.csv: Evaluation metrics underlying Table 2- figure_performance_values.csv: Values used to generate performance figures

Ethics and Privacy:All datasets have been fully anonymised. No personal identifiers, names, locations, or sensitive personal data are included.Verbal informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection.

License:CC-BY 4.0