DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n8pk0p356
title: Urban sensory conditions alter rival interactions and mate choice in urban and forest túngara frogs

description: Sexual communication often takes place in networks with multiple competing
 signalers being simultaneously assessed by mate choosers. Altered sensory
 conditions, such as noise and light pollution, can affect communication by
 altering signal production and perception. While evidence of sensory
 pollution affecting sexual signaling is widespread, few studies assess
 impacts on sexual signaling during rival interactions as well as mate
 choice, let alone whether urban and non-urban populations have diverged in
 their response. Here, we investigate the effects of urban sensory
 conditions on sexual communication in urban and forest túngara frogs
 (Engystomops pustulosus). We recorded dyadic vocal rival interactions and
 assessed mate choice with and without noise and light pollution in the
 lab. We show that urban sensory conditions can directly impact the
 intensity of rival interactions, differences between rivals and mate
 choice, though changes were often in opposite directions for frogs of
 urban and forest origins. Moreover, we demonstrate that urban-induced
 changes in rival interactions can also indirectly affect how females
 choose between potential mates. Our study reveals origin-dependent direct
 and indirect effects of noise and light pollution, and suggests local
 adaptation of sexual communication in urban populations.
description: # Urban sensory conditions alter rival interactions and mate choice in
 urban and forest túngara frogs
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n8pk0p356](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n8pk0p356) ## Description of the data and file structure Data for: Urban sensory conditions alter rival interactions and mate choice differently in urban and forest túngara frogs Authors: Judith A.H. Smit, Vera Thijssen, Andrew D. Cronin, Jacintha Ellers, Wouter Halfwerk Institutes: Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Ecology and Evolution, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Republic of Panamá, University of Groningen Collection time data: September and November 2022 Collection location data: Gamboa, Panamá Language: English Contact: j.a.h.smit@vu.nl or v.thijssen@rug.nl ### Files and variables #### File: 2023\_female\_data.csv **Description:** Morphological and collection information for females used in phonotaxis experiments ##### Variables * date: date on which the data was collected (day/month/year) * letter: frog identifier for the evening, was later changed to a unique name (see frog_ID) * frog_ID: unique frog ID * site: name of frog collection site * SVL: snout vent length, measure for body size (millimeters) * mass: mass of frog (grams) * morph: colour and pattern morph of frog * notes: additional notes #### File: 2023\_interaction\_data.csv **Description:** Data on recorded interactions between males ##### Variables * filename: file name of audio recording * frog_ID_letter: frog identifier for the evening, was later changed to a unique name (see frog_ID) * combination: ID of rival pair * treatment: sensory conditions (noise and light) under which the data was collected (urban or forest) * box: recording box number (1-8) * date: date on which the data was collected (day/month/year) * P2P_whine_dB: peak-to-peak (P2P) amplitude of whine part of the call (decibels) * RMS_whine_dB: root mean square (RMS) amplitude of whine part of the call (decibels) * calls: total number of calls produced by the frog in the interaction (number of calls) * call_rate: average number of calls per minute produced by the frog (number of calls per minute) * chucks: total number of chucks produced by  the frog  in the interaction (number of chucks) * call_complexity: average number of chucks added per call by the frog (number of chucks per call) * max_chucks: maximum number of chuck elements added to one call by the frog (number of chucks) * overlaps: number of calls of the two rivals overlapping (number of calls) * notes: additional notes * length: duration of the interaction (seconds) #### File: 2023\_male\_data.csv **Description:** Morphological and collection information for males used in recordings ##### Variables * date_captured: date on which the males were collected from the field sites and brought to the lab (day/month/year) * cohort: cohort of males tested (1-5) * frog_ID_letter: frog identifier for the evening, was later changed to a unique name (see frog_ID) * frog_ID: unique frog ID * site: name of frog collection site * SVL: snout vent length, measure for body size (millimeters) * mass: mass of frog (grams) * morph: colour and pattern morph of frog * notes: additional notes #### File: 2023\_stimuli\_data.csv **Description:** Data on stimuli used for the phonotaxis experiment ##### Variables * stimulus: stimulus played during trial * upper_track: file name of audio recording played as upper track * upper_male: per interaction the male whose calls were played as upper track (A or B) * lower_track : file name of audio recording played as lower track * lower_male: per interaction the male whose calls were played as lower track (A or B) #### File: 2023\_site\_data.csv **Description:** Information on sites were frogs (males and females) were collected ##### Variables * site: name of frog collection site * lm_1: light measurement 1 at calling location of frogs (lux) * lm_2: light measurement 2 at calling location of frogs (lux) * lm_3: light measurement 3 at calling location of frogs (lux) * lm_4: light measurement 4 at calling location of frogs (lux) * lm_5: light measurement 5 at calling location of frogs (lux) * latitude: latitude of the frog collection site (degrees) * longitude: longitude of the frog collection site (degrees) * gps coordinates: gps coordinates of the frog collection site (EPSG:4326 - WGS84 CRS) * notes: additional notes #### File: 2023\_phonotaxis\_data.csv **Description:** Data on phonotaxis experiments with females ##### Variables * date: date on which the data was collected (day/month/year) * time: time at which the data was collected (hour:minutes) * treatment: sensory conditions (noise and light) under which the data was collected (urban or forest) * letter: frog identifier for the evening, was later changed to a unique name (see frog_ID) * random_round: round number of randomly assigned order of stimuli (1-22) * stimulus: stimulus played during trial  * side_uppertrack: which speaker the upper track of the stimuli was playing from (left or right) * trial_number: trial number per female (1-4) * chosen: whether the female made a mate choice (yes or no) * choice: speaker the female chose (left or right) * latency: time between raising the funnel and the mate choice (minute:seconds) * video_ID: file name of video recording of the phonotaxis trial * notes: additional notes ## Code/software Script can be ran in R, R and packages versions used are stated in the manuscript.## Access information Other publicly accessible locations of the data: * [https://doi.org/10.34894/RXPZII](https://doi.org/10.34894/RXPZII)