cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795647
title: Patterns of avian malaria in tropical and temperate environments: testing the "The enemy release hypothesis"

description: Abstract: According to the enemy release hypothesis (ERH) the spread of invasive species will be facilitated by release from their enemies as they occupy new areas. However, the ERH has rarely been tested by comparing populations of native (non-invasive, long established) species with expanding or shifting ranges, to the same species as invasive in another area. We tested the ERH with respect to blood parasite levels (prevalence and intensity of Plasmodium spp. and Haemoproteus spp.) of (a) two closely related, widely distributed species of thrush (Turdus leucomelas and T. merula), and (b) an invasive sparrow (Passer domesticus) whose range has expanded from the Old World to the New World since the 18th century. A total of 158 birds were sampled in Portugal and 99 in Brazil. All bird species were parasitized, and 55% of the individuals collected were parasitized, and the mean intensity of infection was of 28 parasites per 10,000 erythrocytes. We assessed whether differences in levels of infection (prevalence and intensity) were due to site (tropical/New World and temperate/Old World) or host species. The ERH was supported: Passer domesticus and Turdus merula had higher levels of parasitism in the Old World than in the New World. Thus, P. domesticus seems to be benefitting from its "recent" range expansion, compared to T. leucomelas, through ecological release from its native parasites and because the parasites of the recently invaded area seem to be infesting native species instead.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795641
title: Influence of eucalyptus development under soil fauna

description: Abstract In the implantation of forests, soil tillage can affect the soil fauna, but over the years, it is possible that forest development can recompose the biological indicators of soil quality. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different periods of eucalyptus development on community of edaphic fauna. The experiment was carried out in forest areas in the municipality of Ametista do Sul, RS. The Experimental design was completely randomized with 6 treatments, once 4 of the treatments were with different ages of the Eucalyptus grandis (two, four, six and eight years after trasnplant – YAT); plus 2 control treatments: Native Forest and Soil Naked, with 7 collection points. To sample the edaphic fauna, it was used traps such as PROVID. Also, the edaphic fauna was sampled at the depth of 0-5 cm for the quantification of mites. It was carried out the counting of individuals at the level of order and family for the mites, the means of the groups were submitted to the Tukey test and comparisons by Orthogonal Contrasts and calculated indices of Biodiversity: Margalef Richness, Simpson dominance, Shannon diversity and Pielou uniformity. The results showed lower abundance of individuals in Naked soil, while the Native Forest presented the best Biodiversity indices. With eight years of implantation of eucalyptus there was recovered the biological quality of the soil expressed by the population of springtails. The population of oribatídeos mites increased expressively from the six years of implantation of eucalyptus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795644.v1
title: CORRELATIONS AMONG VEGETATION INDICES AND PEANUT TRAITS DURING DIFFERENT CROP DEVELOPMENT STAGES

description: ABSTRACT Active optical sensors have been widely used for the spatial and temporal monitoring of peanut culture because they are accurate, non-destructive methods for rapidly obtaining data. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal stage of crop growth for collecting sensor readings based on correlations between quality indicators. In addition, we compared vegetation indices (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index [NDVI], Normalized Difference Red-Edge Index, [NDRE], and Inverse Ratio Vegetation Index, [IRVI]) by monitoring temporal variability in the peanut crop in order to determine which of them obtained the best reading quality throughout the process. The experiment was performed on the 2016/17 crop in the agricultural area of the municipality of Dumont in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The experimental design was based on the basic assumptions of statistical quality control and contained 63 sample points in a 30 × 30 m grid. The parameters were evaluated at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 119 days after sowing (DAS) using proximal sensing with GreenSeeker and OptRX sensors. We found that 45 and 60 DAS were the optimal times for monitoring peanut crop variability. For spatiotemporal monitoring of the culture with control charts, NDRE showed the best readings throughout the process when compared to NDVI and IRVI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795647.v1
title: Patterns of avian malaria in tropical and temperate environments: testing the "The enemy release hypothesis"

description: Abstract: According to the enemy release hypothesis (ERH) the spread of invasive species will be facilitated by release from their enemies as they occupy new areas. However, the ERH has rarely been tested by comparing populations of native (non-invasive, long established) species with expanding or shifting ranges, to the same species as invasive in another area. We tested the ERH with respect to blood parasite levels (prevalence and intensity of Plasmodium spp. and Haemoproteus spp.) of (a) two closely related, widely distributed species of thrush (Turdus leucomelas and T. merula), and (b) an invasive sparrow (Passer domesticus) whose range has expanded from the Old World to the New World since the 18th century. A total of 158 birds were sampled in Portugal and 99 in Brazil. All bird species were parasitized, and 55% of the individuals collected were parasitized, and the mean intensity of infection was of 28 parasites per 10,000 erythrocytes. We assessed whether differences in levels of infection (prevalence and intensity) were due to site (tropical/New World and temperate/Old World) or host species. The ERH was supported: Passer domesticus and Turdus merula had higher levels of parasitism in the Old World than in the New World. Thus, P. domesticus seems to be benefitting from its "recent" range expansion, compared to T. leucomelas, through ecological release from its native parasites and because the parasites of the recently invaded area seem to be infesting native species instead.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795638
title: Estimation of the crop coefficient (kc) for bell pepper under greenhouse conditions

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the crop coefficient (kc) and respective water consumption of the Magali R. bell pepper hybrid cultivated in a protected environment from May to September 2015. Reference evapotranspiration was estimated using the Modified Penman-Monteith method and data were collected from an automatic weather station installed inside the greenhouse at the Universidade Estadual de Maringá, in the municipality of Maringá, PR, Brazil (23° 25’ 57’’ S, 51° 57’ 8’’ W, and altitude of 542 m). Evapotranspiration was measured using constant water table lysimeters. The total water consumption of the bell pepper crop was 282 mm and the average consumption was 2.35 mm d-1. The maximum evapotranspiration was 5.37 mm d-1. Crop coefficient values for the bell pepper were 0.86, 1.55, and 1.4 for the initial, intermediate, and final stages, respectively, which were higher than those recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795641.v1
title: Influence of eucalyptus development under soil fauna

description: Abstract In the implantation of forests, soil tillage can affect the soil fauna, but over the years, it is possible that forest development can recompose the biological indicators of soil quality. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different periods of eucalyptus development on community of edaphic fauna. The experiment was carried out in forest areas in the municipality of Ametista do Sul, RS. The Experimental design was completely randomized with 6 treatments, once 4 of the treatments were with different ages of the Eucalyptus grandis (two, four, six and eight years after trasnplant – YAT); plus 2 control treatments: Native Forest and Soil Naked, with 7 collection points. To sample the edaphic fauna, it was used traps such as PROVID. Also, the edaphic fauna was sampled at the depth of 0-5 cm for the quantification of mites. It was carried out the counting of individuals at the level of order and family for the mites, the means of the groups were submitted to the Tukey test and comparisons by Orthogonal Contrasts and calculated indices of Biodiversity: Margalef Richness, Simpson dominance, Shannon diversity and Pielou uniformity. The results showed lower abundance of individuals in Naked soil, while the Native Forest presented the best Biodiversity indices. With eight years of implantation of eucalyptus there was recovered the biological quality of the soil expressed by the population of springtails. The population of oribatídeos mites increased expressively from the six years of implantation of eucalyptus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795653.v1
title: REDUCTION OF SAMPLE SIZE IN THE ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF NONSTATIONARY SOIL CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES

description: ABSTRACT In the study of spatial variability of soil attributes, it is essential to define a sampling plan with adequate sample size. This study aimed to evaluate, through simulated data, the influence of parameters of the geostatistical model and sampling configuration on the optimization process, and resize and reduce the sample size of a sampling configuration of a commercial area composed of 102 points. For this, an optimization process called genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the efficiency of the geostatistical model estimation based on the Fisher information matrix. The simulated data evidenced that the variation of the nugget effect or practical range did not significantly alter the sample size. GA was efficient in reducing the sample size, determining for soil chemical attributes a sample size between 30 and 40 points (29.41 to 39.22% of the initial sampling grid). The presence of spatial dependence was observed for all soil chemical attributes in the two sampling configurations (initial and optimized). The optimized sampling configuration evidenced an increase in trend intensity in the north direction and a more efficient estimation of parameters of the linear spatial regression model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795638.v1
title: Estimation of the crop coefficient (kc) for bell pepper under greenhouse conditions

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the crop coefficient (kc) and respective water consumption of the Magali R. bell pepper hybrid cultivated in a protected environment from May to September 2015. Reference evapotranspiration was estimated using the Modified Penman-Monteith method and data were collected from an automatic weather station installed inside the greenhouse at the Universidade Estadual de Maringá, in the municipality of Maringá, PR, Brazil (23° 25’ 57’’ S, 51° 57’ 8’’ W, and altitude of 542 m). Evapotranspiration was measured using constant water table lysimeters. The total water consumption of the bell pepper crop was 282 mm and the average consumption was 2.35 mm d-1. The maximum evapotranspiration was 5.37 mm d-1. Crop coefficient values for the bell pepper were 0.86, 1.55, and 1.4 for the initial, intermediate, and final stages, respectively, which were higher than those recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795572
title: Dataset for: Analyzing discrete competing risks data with partially overlapping or independent data sources and non-standard sampling schemes, with application to cancer registries

description: This paper demonstrates the flexibility of a general approach for the analysis of discrete time competing risks data that can accommodate complex data structures, different time scales for different causes, and nonstandard sampling schemes. The data may involve a single data source where all individuals contribute to analyses of both cause-specific hazard functions, overlapping datasets where some individuals contribute to the analysis of the cause-specific hazard function of only one cause while other individuals contribute to analyses of both cause-specific hazard functions, or separate data sources where each individual contributes to the analysis of the cause-specific hazard function of only a single cause. The approach is modularized into estimation and prediction. For the estimation step, the parameters and the variance-covariance matrix can be estimated using widely available software. The prediction step utilizes a generic program with plug-in estimates from the estimation step. The approach is illustrated with three prognostic models for stage IV male oral cancer using different data structures. The first model uses only men with stage IV oral cancer from population-based registry data. The second model strategically extends the cohort to improve the efficiency of the estimates. The third model improves the accuracy for those with a lower risk of other causes of death, by bringing in an independent data source collected under a complex sampling design with additional other-cause covariates. These analyses represent novel extensions of existing methodology, broadly applicable for the development of prognostic models capturing both the cancer and non-cancer aspects of a patient's health.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795548
title: Dataset for: Abstract inference of unchosen option values

description: Reinforcement learning research has pursued a persistent question: Does reward feedback prompt inferences that transcend simple associations? Reversal learning data suggest an affirmative answer: When the positive stimulus (S+) becomes the negative stimulus (S-), trained humans rapidly switch to choosing the former S-. The operations supporting such inferences remain ambiguous. Do participants identify transitions between stimulus-specific contexts (i.e., A+B-, A-B+), or deduce values by learning the abstract contingency structure? Across two experiments, we probed humans’ use of abstract rules to infer the values of unchosen alternatives. In Experiment 1, 37 participants attempted a task that originally demonstrated monkeys’ difficulty with this form of inference. We presented modified discrimination problems in which the initially-chosen stimulus (abstract inference group) or unchosen stimulus (control group) was replaced with a novel stimulus of identical status on Trial 2. In the abstract inference condition, accurate performance can be achieved by applying the consistent contingency structure (but not memory of stimulus-specific reward associations) to infer to the unchosen stimulus’ value. The abstract inference group learned to make accurate choices, but only after committing substantially more errors than were observed amongst control participants -- suggesting that unchosen-value inferences are infrequently drawn in standard discrimination scenarios. In Experiment 2, 17 participants completed abstract inference problems that had been modified to be suitable for fMRI investigations. Behavioral results both corroborated the Experiment 1 trends, and further revealed marked individual differences in explicit awareness of the novel stimulus values.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795572.v1
title: Dataset for: Analyzing discrete competing risks data with partially overlapping or independent data sources and non-standard sampling schemes, with application to cancer registries

description: This paper demonstrates the flexibility of a general approach for the analysis of discrete time competing risks data that can accommodate complex data structures, different time scales for different causes, and nonstandard sampling schemes. The data may involve a single data source where all individuals contribute to analyses of both cause-specific hazard functions, overlapping datasets where some individuals contribute to the analysis of the cause-specific hazard function of only one cause while other individuals contribute to analyses of both cause-specific hazard functions, or separate data sources where each individual contributes to the analysis of the cause-specific hazard function of only a single cause. The approach is modularized into estimation and prediction. For the estimation step, the parameters and the variance-covariance matrix can be estimated using widely available software. The prediction step utilizes a generic program with plug-in estimates from the estimation step. The approach is illustrated with three prognostic models for stage IV male oral cancer using different data structures. The first model uses only men with stage IV oral cancer from population-based registry data. The second model strategically extends the cohort to improve the efficiency of the estimates. The third model improves the accuracy for those with a lower risk of other causes of death, by bringing in an independent data source collected under a complex sampling design with additional other-cause covariates. These analyses represent novel extensions of existing methodology, broadly applicable for the development of prognostic models capturing both the cancer and non-cancer aspects of a patient's health.
DOI: 10.25392/leicester.data.9795527
title: Contextual Predictability and Parafoveal Processing in Chinese Reading

description: This folder contains data and analysis files for an experiment on word predictability effects on parafoveal word processing during Chinese reading. The sentences contain either a highly predictable or less predictable word. A boundary paradigm with an invisible boundary immediately before the target word was used to provide valid and invalid previews of the target words. Valid previews were identical to the target. Invalid previews were visually dissimilar nonwords. The key variables were skipping rates and first pass reading times for the target word.
DOI: 10.25392/leicester.data.9795527.v1
title: Contextual Predictability and Parafoveal Processing in Chinese Reading

description: This folder contains data and analysis files for an experiment on word predictability effects on parafoveal word processing during Chinese reading. The sentences contain either a highly predictable or less predictable word. A boundary paradigm with an invisible boundary immediately before the target word was used to provide valid and invalid previews of the target words. Valid previews were identical to the target. Invalid previews were visually dissimilar nonwords. The key variables were skipping rates and first pass reading times for the target word.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794699
title: Data from: Double Lives: Transfer of fungal endophytes from leaves to woody substrates

description: Data and code from the forthcoming paper, submitted to <i>PeerJ</i> in September 2019. ABSTRACT: Fungal endophytes are a ubiquitous feature of plants, yet for many fungi the benefits of endophytism are still unknown. The Foraging Ascomycete Hypothesis (FAH) proposes that saprotrophic fungi can utilize leaves as both as dispersal vehicles and as resource havens during times of scarcity. The presence of saprophytes in leaf endophyte communities has been previously observed but their ability to transfer to extra-foliar saprobic substrates has not been well-investigated. To assess this ability, we conducted a culture study by placing surface-sterilized leaves from single tropical angiosperm tree (Nectandra lineatifolia Mez) directly onto sterile wood fragments and incubating them for 6 weeks. Fungi from the wood were subsequently isolated in culture and identified by ITS sequences or morphology. 477 fungal isolates comprising 26 OTUs were cultured from the wood. Of these, 70.8% (82.3% of isolates) belong to saprotrophic genera according to the FUNGuild database. Furthermore, 27% of OTUs (6% of isolates) were basidiomycetes, an unusually high proportion compared to typical endophyte communities. Xylaria cubensis, although absent in our original isolations, formed anamorphic fruiting structures from the woody substrates. We introduce the term viaphyte (literally, “by way of plant”) to refer to fungi that undergo an interim stage as leaf endophytes and, after leaf senescence, colonize other sabrobic substrates via hyphal growth. Our results support the Foraging Ascomycete Hypothesis and suggest that viaphytism may play a significant role in the dispersal of fungal saprotrophs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794699.v1
title: Data from: Double Lives: Transfer of fungal endophytes from leaves to woody substrates

description: Data and code from the forthcoming paper, submitted to <i>PeerJ</i> in September 2019. ABSTRACT: Fungal endophytes are a ubiquitous feature of plants, yet for many fungi the benefits of endophytism are still unknown. The Foraging Ascomycete Hypothesis (FAH) proposes that saprotrophic fungi can utilize leaves as both as dispersal vehicles and as resource havens during times of scarcity. The presence of saprophytes in leaf endophyte communities has been previously observed but their ability to transfer to extra-foliar saprobic substrates has not been well-investigated. To assess this ability, we conducted a culture study by placing surface-sterilized leaves from single tropical angiosperm tree (Nectandra lineatifolia Mez) directly onto sterile wood fragments and incubating them for 6 weeks. Fungi from the wood were subsequently isolated in culture and identified by ITS sequences or morphology. 477 fungal isolates comprising 26 OTUs were cultured from the wood. Of these, 70.8% (82.3% of isolates) belong to saprotrophic genera according to the FUNGuild database. Furthermore, 27% of OTUs (6% of isolates) were basidiomycetes, an unusually high proportion compared to typical endophyte communities. Xylaria cubensis, although absent in our original isolations, formed anamorphic fruiting structures from the woody substrates. We introduce the term viaphyte (literally, “by way of plant”) to refer to fungi that undergo an interim stage as leaf endophytes and, after leaf senescence, colonize other sabrobic substrates via hyphal growth. Our results support the Foraging Ascomycete Hypothesis and suggest that viaphytism may play a significant role in the dispersal of fungal saprotrophs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794549
title: Transcripciones entrevistas Makers

description: Transcripciones de entrevistas a varios makers.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794327
title: Merrimack River

description: Supporting information of article published in Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR)-Oceans: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015336Title: Correlation of Remotely Sensed Surface Reflectance with Forcing Variables in Six Different EstuariesCorrespondence to: Jing Tao, jing.tao@dal.caDOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794327Landsat-8 images output: 201xxxxx_DSF_CC7_pixEx_NetCDF_measurements.txt <br>Transect location:SeaDas_pin_MR_allSC.txt<br>River Flow:RiverFlow_MR.matLowellData.txt<br><br>Tidal data:<br>Tidal_range_MR.mat<br>2013CO-OPS__8423898__hl.csv<br><br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794288
title: Hepatic metabolites - HIV

description: <br>Metabólitos hepáticos<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794327.v1
title: Merrimack River

description: Supporting information of article published in Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR)-Oceans: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015336Title: Correlation of Remotely Sensed Surface Reflectance with Forcing Variables in Six Different EstuariesCorrespondence to: Jing Tao, jing.tao@dal.caDOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9794327Landsat-8 images output: 201xxxxx_DSF_CC7_pixEx_NetCDF_measurements.txt <br>Transect location:SeaDas_pin_MR_allSC.txt<br>River Flow:RiverFlow_MR.matLowellData.txt<br><br>Tidal data:<br>Tidal_range_MR.mat<br>2013CO-OPS__8423898__hl.csv<br><br>