cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.7272/q6cf9nbq
title: Smoking is associated with worse outcomes of COVID-19 particularly among younger adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

description: Introduction: Smoking impairs lung immune functions and damages upper
 airways, increasing risks of contracting and severity of infectious
 diseases. Methods: We searched PubMed for studies published from January
 1-May 25, 2020. We included studies reporting smoking behavior of COVID-19
 patients and progression of disease, including death. We used a random
 effects meta-analysis and used meta-regression and lowess regressions to
 examine relationships in the data. Results: We identified 47 peer-reviewed
 papers with a total of 31,871 COVID-19 patients, 5,759 (18.1%) experienced
 disease progression and 5,734 (18.0%) with a history of smoking. Among
 smokers, 29.2% experienced disease progression, compared with 21.1% of
 non-smokers. The meta-analysis confirmed an association between smoking
 and COVID-19 progression (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.32-1.83, p=0.001). Smoking was
 associated with increased risk of death from COVID-19 (OR 1.19, 95% CI
 1.05-1.34, p=0.007). We found no significant difference (p=0.432) between
 the effects of smoking on COVID-19 disease progression between adjusted
 and unadjusted analyses, suggesting that smoking is an independent risk
 factor for COVID-19 disease progression. We also found the risk of having
 COVID-19 progression among younger adults (p=0.023), with the effect most
 pronounced among people under about 45 years old. Conclusions: Smoking is
 an independent risk for having severe progression of COVID-19, including
 mortality. The effects seem to be higher among young people. Implications:
 Smoking prevention and cessation should remain a priority for the public,
 physicians, and public health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
description: We conducted a systematic search using PubMed on May 25, 2020,
 with the search term: “((smoking) OR (characteristics) OR (risk factors)
 OR (retrospective*) OR (outcomes) OR (smoker*)) AND ((COVID-19) OR (COVID)
 OR (coronavirus) OR (sars cov-2) OR (sars cov 2))” for studies published
 between January 1, 2020 and May 25, 2020. A total of 2,600 studies were
 retrieved through the search.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5x3jjn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2157 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Cenostigma pyramidale",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2157 records from 93 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002584-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.632bgx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Microsciurus flaviventer sabanillae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002582-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gxd2547jj
title: Code from: Metrics for conservation success: using the bird‐friendliness index to evaluate grassland and aridland bird community resilience across the Northern Great Plains ecosystem

description: Aim: Evaluating conservation effectiveness is essential to protect at‐risk
 species and to maximize the limited resources available to land managers.
 Over 60% of North American grassland and aridlands have been lost since
 the 1800s. Birds in these habitats are among the most imperilled in North
 America, yet most remaining habitats are unprotected. Despite the need to
 measure impact, conservation efforts on private and working lands are
 rarely evaluated, due in part to limited availability of suitable methods.
 Location: Northern Great Plains of North America. Methods: We developed a
 novel metric to evaluate grassland and aridland bird community response to
 habitat management, the Bird‐Friendliness Index (BFI), consisting of
 density estimates of grassland and aridland birds weighted by conservation
 need and a functional diversity metric to incorporate resiliency. We used
 the BFI to identify ecologically significant areas for grassland and
 aridland birds and compared them with other prioritizations. Then, we used
 the BFI to evaluate the effects of simulated habitat management on
 grassland and aridland bird communities. Results: The most resilient bird
 communities were found in the Prairie Potholes region of Alberta,
 Saskatchewan and North Dakota and the lowest BFI values in the southern
 and western regions of the Northern Great Plains. BFI values were
 significantly greater in areas included in one or more prioritization, and
 increased with the number of prioritizations an area was included within.
 BFI values increased in response to simulated bird‐friendly habitat
 management. Main conclusions: Our findings suggest that practices
 recommended for use in bird‐friendly grassland habitat management plans
 will increase the abundance and resilience of the grassland and aridland
 bird community and that bird community responses to management will be
 detected using the BFI. The BFI is a tool by which conservationists and
 managers can carry out adaptive management and accountable conservation
 now and into the future.
description: This packages consists of 5 R scripts that contain the code
 necessary to calculate the Bird-Friendliness Index from publicly available
 Integrated Monitoring in Bird Conservation Regions data. It also includes
 code to conduct the simulated habitat management modeling presented in the
 paper, as well as the sensitivity analysis. 
description: The user will need to access and download Integrated Monitoring
 in Bird Conservation Regions point count data, which is publicly available
 through the Bird Conservancy of the Rockies' Rocky Mountain Avian
 Data Center at http://rmbo.org/v3/avian/Home.aspx.
 The user will also need publicly available environmental covariate rasters
 for conducting the bird-habitat modeling.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r4xgxd29r
title: Rainfall pulses mediate long-term plant community compositional dynamics in a semi-arid rangeland

description: 1. Semi-arid rangelands, comprising more than 40% of the Earth’s land
 surface, provide critical ecosystem services. Worldwide, these ecosystems
 are experiencing rapid degradation due to overgrazing and precipitation
 changes. However, how plants respond to these interacting factors remains
 relatively unexplored, and precisely which and how rainfall factors
 determine plant community dynamics in rangelands has not been well
 developed. 2. We used a long-term (1953‒2018) dataset from semi-arid
 rangeland to investigate coupled effects of grazing intensity and rainfall
 intensity (the total amount of precipitation) on different groups of plant
 cover (herbaceous, woody, and cacti plants) using linear mixed-effects
 models, redundancy analysis and structural equation models. We examined
 how rainfall intensity influenced plant cover dynamics according to pulse
 size (intensity over time) categories, which we analyzed at three scales:
 yearly, within the wet season only (June to September), and within the dry
 season only (October to May).   3. Plant community cover
 showed a humpbacked trend in the last six decades, mostly through changes
 in woody plants. Although both grazing intensity and rainfall presented
 similar humpbacked trends with plant community cover, our models
 demonstrated that the reduction of plant cover from the 1990s has been
 mainly caused by a decrease of rainfall rather than grazing intensity,
 particularly due to profound reductions of the intensity of relatively
 small rainfall pulses (e.g., 5.1 ~ 15 mm·day-1) during the dry season.
 Specifically, these small rainfall pulses can increase plant cover of all
 subgroups of woody and herbaceous species, thereby increasing plant
 community cover. Moreover, rainfall pulses during the wet season had
 negative effects on herbaceous species and positive effects on woody
 plants. These results suggest a phenological niche partitioning between
 woody plants and herbaceous in subtropical rangelands. 4. Synthesis and
 applications. Our results show how critical seasonal rainfall pulses are
 for regulating plant community compositional dynamics, which has
 significant implications for rangeland management and our ability to adapt
 and mitigate amplified climate influences in semi-arid ecosystems.
description: The data has been used in this study were originally derived from
 the dataset from the Santa Rita Experimental Range (https://cals.arizona.edu/srer/). The descriptions of data collections can be found in the sub-data files, which is called "<em>Long term vegetation transects, precipitation, maps, photos, and bibliography</em>" (https://cals.arizona.edu/srer/data.html).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vpes8w
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 16192 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Coregonus hoyi",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 16192 records from 18 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002583-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v9s4mw6tb
title: Sham therapy vs manual therapy and control dataset for meta-analyses

description: This dataset contains data used in the meta-analyses of “Sham
 treatment effects in manual therapy trials on back pain patients: a
 systematic review and pair-wise meta-analysis” paper. Data extracted from
 each study are reported for each comparison made (study ID, year,
 mean, standard deviation and number of events occurred) and a complete
 variable list. Data from each study were extracted by two reviewers with a
 pre-defined form using RevMan 5.3.2. The first author surname was used to
 identify data from each study. Mean of pain on visual analogue scale,
 standard deviation, number of adverse events and
 dropouts occurred for each group of comparisons were collected,
 reported and analysed in RevMan. If heterogeneity was not
 statistically significant, the Mantel-Haenszel method was used for the
 fixed effect model. Random-effects model was used when a
 substantial inconsistency was present (I²= 50-90%). 
 Detailed information for data extraction and analyses are reported here :
 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=198301
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31164889
title: animals that foraged on chestnut nuts

description: A list of animals that fed on nuts and the dates of nuts feeding is provided.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31164889.v1
title: animals that foraged on chestnut nuts

description: A list of animals that fed on nuts and the dates of nuts feeding is provided.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vt4b8gtq6
title: A courtship behavior that makes monandrous females polyandrous

description: Females of many animal species mate several times with different males
 (polyandry), whereas females of some species mate with a single male
 (monandry) only once. Little is known about the mechanisms by which these
 different mating systems evolve. Females of Drosophila prolongata mate
 serially, unlike D. melanogaster females that refuse to remate for several
 days after their first mating (remating suppression, RS). Nevertheless,
 interestingly, non-virgin D. prolongata females refuse to remate with
 males that are prohibited from performing their species-specific courtship
 behavior, leg vibration (LV), suggesting that LV overrides RS making it
 cryptic in D. prolongata. In this study, we examined how long this cryptic
 RS persists. Surprisingly, it was sustained for at least two weeks,
 showing that RS is substantially augmented in D. prolongata compared to
 that of D. melanogaster. The two most closely related species to D.
 prolongata, D. rhopaloa and D. carrolli, do not perform LV and showed
 augmented RS, supporting the idea that augmented RS could have evolved
 before LV was acquired. These results suggested that D. prolongata females
 are intrinsically monandrous, whereas the newly evolved courtship behavior
 makes them polyandrous. This is a rare case in which a proximate mechanism
 of polyandry evolution from monandry is demonstrated.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.47d7wm3bt
title: Comparison of native and non-native predator consumption rates and prey avoidance behavior in North America and Europe

description: Novel predator-prey interactions can contribute to the invasion success of
 non-native predators. For example, native prey can fail to recognize and
 avoid non-native predators due to a lack of co-evolutionary history and
 cue dissimilarity with native predators. This might result in a
 competitive advantage for non-native predators. Numerous lady beetle
 species were globally redistributed as biological control agents against
 aphids, resulting in novel predator-prey interactions. Here, we
 investigated the strength of avoidance behavior of the pea aphid
 (Acyrthosiphon pisum) towards chemical cues of native lady beetles and
 non-native Asian Harmonia axyridis and European Coccinella septempunctata
 and Hippodamia variegata in North America, hypothesizing that cues of
 non-native lady beetles induce weaker avoidance behavior than cues of
 co-evolved native lady beetles. Additionally, we compared aphid
 consumption of lady beetles, examining potential predation advantages of
 non-native lady beetles. Finally, we compared cue avoidance behavior
 between North American and European pea aphid populations and aphid
 consumption of native and non-native lady beetles in North America and
 Europe. In North America, pea aphids avoided chemical cues of all
 ladybeetle species tested, regardless of their origin. In contrast to pea
 aphids in North America, European pea aphids did not avoid cues of the
 non-native H. axyridis. The non-native H. axyridis and C. septempunctata
 were among the largest and most voracious lady beetle species tested, on
 both continents. Consequently, in North America non-native lady beetle
 species might have a competitive advantage on shared food resources due to
 their relatively large body size, compared to several native American lady
 beetle species. In Europe, however, non-native H. axyridis might benefit
 from missing aphid cue avoidance as well as a large body size. The
 co-evolutionary time gap between the European and North American invasion
 of H. axyridis, likely explains the intercontinental differences in cue
 avoidance behavior and might indicate evolution in aphids towards
 non-native predators.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7h9g
title: Infant cannibalism in wild white-faced capuchin monkeys

description: Cannibalism has been observed in a variety of animal taxa, however, it is
 relatively uncommon in primates. Thus we rely heavily on case reports of
 this behavior to advance our understanding of the contexts under which it
 occurs. Here we report the first observation of cannibalism in a group of
 wild white-faced capuchin monkeys (Cebus imitator). The subject was a dead
 infant, estimated to be 10 days old, and the probable victim of
 infanticide. Consumption of the corpse was initiated by a 2-year-old male
 (second cousin of the infant), though it was eventually taken over and
 monopolized by the group’s alpha female (grandaunt of the infant).
 Although most group members expressed interest in the corpse (sniffing,
 touching, threatening it), no others made an attempt to consume it. Given
 that this is the only observation of cannibalism recorded in over 37 years
 of study on this population, we consider it to be a rare behavior in this
 species. This detailed record contributes new data, which, when combined
 with other reports within and across species and contexts, enables the
 evaluation of adaptive explanations of cannibalism.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tdz08kpxt
title: Dsuite - fast D-statistics and related admixture evidence from VCF files

description: Patterson’s D, also known as the ABBA-BABA statistic, and related
 statistics such as the f4-ratio, are commonly used to assess evidence of
 gene flow between populations or closely related species. Currently
 available implementations often require custom file formats, implement
 only small subsets of the available statistics, and are impractical to
 evaluate all gene flow hypotheses across datasets with many populations or
 species due to computational inefficiencies. Here we present a new
 software package Dsuite, an efficient implementation allowing genome scale
 calculations of the D and f4-ratio statistics across all combinations of
 tens or hundreds of populations or species directly from a variant call
 format (VCF) file. Our program also implements statistics suited for
 application to genomic windows, providing evidence of whether
 introgression is confined to specific loci and it can also aid in
 interpretation of a system of f4-ratio results with the use of the
 ‘f-branch’ method. Dsuite is available at
 https://github.com/millanek/Dsuite, is straightforward to use,
 substantially more computationally efficient than comparable programs, and
 provides a convenient suite of tools and statistics, including some not
 previously available in any software package. Thus, Dsuite facilitates the
 assessment of evidence for gene flow, especially across larger genomic
 datasets.
description: This dataset includes the Malawi cichlid data and the simulated
 data used in the manuscript to evaluate performance of the Dsuite software
 and to illustrate the f-branch statistic. We also include a snapshot of
 the source code of the Dsuite package.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jm63xsj87
title: VCF data file and code for: CYP2J19 mediates carotenoid colour introgression across a natural avian hybrid zone

description: It has long been of interest to identify the phenotypic traits that
 mediate reproductive isolation between related species, and more recently,
 the genes that underpin them. Much work has focused on identifying genes
 associated with animal colour, with the candidate gene CYP2J19 identified
 in laboratory studies as the ketolase converting yellow dietary
 carotenoids to red ketocarotenoids in birds with red pigments. But
 evidence that CYP2J19 explains variation between red and yellow feather
 coloration in wild populations of birds is lacking. Hybrid zones provide
 the opportunity to identify genes associated with specific traits. Here we
 investigate genomic regions associated with colour in red-fronted and
 yellow-fronted tinkerbirds across a hybrid zone in southern Africa. We
 sampled 85 individuals, measuring spectral reflectance of forecrown
 feathers and scoring colours from photographs, while testing for
 carotenoid presence with Raman spectroscopy. We performed a genome-wide
 association study to identify associations with carotenoid-based
 coloration, using double-digest RAD sequencing aligned to a short-read
 whole genome of a Pogoniulus tinkerbird. Admixture mapping using 104,933
 SNPs identified a region of chromosome 8 that includes CYP2J19 as the only
 locus with more than two SNPs significantly associated with both crown hue
 and crown score, while Raman spectra provided evidence of ketocarotenoids
 in red feathers. Asymmetric backcrossing in the hybrid zone suggests that
 yellow-fronted females mate more often with red-fronted males than vice
 versa. Female red-fronted tinkerbirds mating assortatively with
 red-crowned males is consistent with the hypothesis that converted
 carotenoids are an honest signal of quality.
description: Field sampling, reflectance spectrometry, double-digest RAD
 sequencing, Genomewide association study
description: GEMMA can run on vcf data after the dataset is reduced to either
 the 78 samples used in plumage scoring or 57 used in spectrometry in
 vcftools. We then use PLINK to convert the data from the vcf file into a
 binary fileset: .bim, .bed and .fam files. The .fam file will have the
 phenotype information. The default value of -9 is then replaced with the
 trait information included in the supplementary information.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.44j0zpccc
title: Data from: Experimental evaluation of spectral efficiency from a circular array antenna producing a Laguerre-Gauss mode

description: We present the 4D volumetric electromagnetic field measurements (x, y, z
 and frequency) of the complex radiated field produced by an 8-element
 circular antenna array. The array is designed to produce a Laguerre-Gauss
 (LG) mode l = -1 over the frequency range of 9 - 10 GHz. We evaluate our
 findings in terms of far-field LG mode purity and spectral efficiency in
 terms of the QAM modulation scheme that can be supported. The application
 of LG modes in radio systems is as a means of multiplexing several data
 streams onto the same frequency, polarisation and time slot, thus making
 highly spectrally efficient transmission system or enhancing radar systems
 by means of exploiting mode behaviour as an additional degree of freedom.
 Our results show that for the circular antenna array, we find that mode
 purity allows BPSK or QPSK modulation over a 0.3GHz bandwidth. Closer to
 the antennas’ design frequency, 256QAM modulation may be used over a 0.05
 GHz band. We anticipate the practical insights provided in this paper to
 contribute to the successful design of such systems.
description: This is a ZIP file containing measured field data relating to the
 OAM array. It is measured as a grid in X, Y and Z coordinates. Each data
 file is a CSV files containing date for that location.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bcc2fqz9t
title: Supplemental material for: Increased large vessel occlusive strokes following the Christchurch 2019 March 15 terror attack

description: Background: The impact of sudden catastrophic events such as terror
 attacks on stroke is unclear. We investigated the association between the
 2019 March 15 Christchurch terror attack and ischaemic stroke admissions
 and reperfusion therapies. Methods: We used a Bayesian Poisson model to
 estimate the effect of the terror attack on ischaemic stroke admissions,
 the numbers of intracranial large vessel occlusion (LVO) and reperfusion
 therapy, in the week after the attack compared with weekly data from 1st
 January 2018 until 21st April 2019. These analyses were repeated for the
 rest of New Zealand with Christchurch data omitted. The probability of the
 rate observed in the week following the terror attack being higher than
 the background rate was calculated for each measure, with a probability
 higher than 99.5% providing strong evidence of an effect. Results: In the
 week starting on Monday, three days after the terror attack, there was an
 increase in the number of patients with intracranial LVOs (10, background
 mean rate=2.4, probability P&gt;99.9%) and those receiving reperfusion
 therapy (9, mean rate=2.6, P=99.9%), compared with the baseline rates.
 There was no difference in the total number of ischemic stroke admissions
 (26, mean rate=27). There was no strong evidence of a change in the
 numbers of reperfusion therapies or ischaemic stroke admissions in the
 rest of New Zealand. Conclusion: Sudden catastrophic events such as terror
 attacks may increase the numbers of patients developing intracranial LVO
 requiring stroke reperfusion therapies within the affected community.