cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7517534.v1
title: Study of water quality using benthic biological indicators in rural and urban streams

description: Abstract Methods other than physical-chemical and geochemical analyses can be used to assess water quality in surface drainage. This study used intolerant, tolerant and resistant benthic species as bioindicators of changes in water quality of two streams, taking in account particle size of sediments and volatile solids. Eight points were sampled in the stream Bandeirinha and four points in the stream Josefa Gomes in January and September 2013 in the municipality of Formosa-GO. The two streams were chosen in order to study two different environments. The study used the diversity indexes of Shannon (H), Equitability (E) and Bray-Curtis Similarity and the grouping analysis method UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean). The results of particle size and volatile solids study of Bandeirinha stream located in rural areas showed bioindicator species intolerant of changes in water quality. The stream Josefa Gomes, completely inserted in an urban environment, showed alteration identified by tolerant and resistant species. The results demonstrate differences in water quality in the rural and urban environments and the relationship of bioindicators with sediments. The study aids the interpretation of changes in the water quality of the two drainages areas. Analysis of water quality based upon benthic biological indicators associated with physical-chemical and geochemical analyses of water and sediments provide a better interpretation of the results.
DOI: 10.17632/s8f83vb9m8.1
title: Comparative Effects of Hot and Cold pack for the treatment of Hamstring tightness.

description: 12 recreational athletes with hamstring muscle tightness were recruited and randomly assigned to the two groups. The first group received hot pack along with the static stretching while the second group received cold pack along with stretching, for consecutive fourteen days. Evaluation was done using shear wave ultrasonography, passive straight leg raise and sit and reach test. Readings were taken at the baseline and at the fourteen days.
DOI: 10.25919/y95d-r729
title: Parkes observations for project P1064 semester 2020APRS_08

description: The propagation of pulsar signal through the interstellar medium is affected by the fluctuations in the electron density in the line of sight from the pulsar to the observer. This is a frequency dependent phenomenon and will produce brightness variations (scintillation) and also broadening of the otherwise narrow pulse (scatter-broadening). The effect of these two are measurable at different frequencies due to their strong dependence on frequency, viz., broadening will be evident at lower radio frequencies and scintillation will be clearly resolved at higher frequencies. With this proposal, we aim to study the evolution of scatter-broadening and scintillation properties of 137 pulsars with the UWL receiver, and verify their relationship with each other. With this experiment, we aim at testing some of the fundamental theories of ionised interstellar medium. This large sample will also help in improving the understanding of the turbulence characteristics in the inner Galaxy. We request a total of 149 hours for this project.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506434
title: Removal of nitrogen and organic matter in a submerged-membrane bioreactor operating in a condition of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification

description: Abstract This study evaluated the removal of nitrogen and organic matter in a membrane bioreactor system operating in a condition of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification controlled by intermittent aeration. A submerged-membrane system in a bioreactor was used in a pilot scale to treat domestic wastewater. The dissolved oxygen concentration was maintained between 0.5 and 0.8 mg L-1. The concentration of the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in the system ranged from 1 to 6 g L-1. The system efficiency was evaluated by the removal efficiency of organic matter, quantified by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC). Nitrogen removal was assessed by quantifying Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and ammonia nitrogen. During the system start-up, the removal efficiencies of COD and NTK were around 90% and 80%, respectively. After the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) conditions were established, the removal efficiencies of COD and NTK were 70% and 99%, respectively. These results showed that sewage treatment with the membrane bioreactor (MBR) system, operating with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification conditions, was able to remove organic matter and promote nitrification and denitrification in a single reactor, producing a high-quality permeate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506434.v1
title: Removal of nitrogen and organic matter in a submerged-membrane bioreactor operating in a condition of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification

description: Abstract This study evaluated the removal of nitrogen and organic matter in a membrane bioreactor system operating in a condition of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification controlled by intermittent aeration. A submerged-membrane system in a bioreactor was used in a pilot scale to treat domestic wastewater. The dissolved oxygen concentration was maintained between 0.5 and 0.8 mg L-1. The concentration of the mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS) in the system ranged from 1 to 6 g L-1. The system efficiency was evaluated by the removal efficiency of organic matter, quantified by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC). Nitrogen removal was assessed by quantifying Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) and ammonia nitrogen. During the system start-up, the removal efficiencies of COD and NTK were around 90% and 80%, respectively. After the simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND) conditions were established, the removal efficiencies of COD and NTK were 70% and 99%, respectively. These results showed that sewage treatment with the membrane bioreactor (MBR) system, operating with simultaneous nitrification and denitrification conditions, was able to remove organic matter and promote nitrification and denitrification in a single reactor, producing a high-quality permeate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519298
title: Management of public water and sewage services by municipalities in Goiás, GO, Brasil

description: Abstract The characteristics of services provided and the regulations governing their cost both contribute to the satisfaction of the consumer. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the quality of public water and sewage services in 21 municipalities of Goiás, to include billing procedures and consumer satisfaction, and taking into account whether or not the operations were regulated. To accomplish this, we conducted on-site visits to complete questionnaires relating to our interviews with managers to obtain technical information and with consumers to determine their level of satisfaction. It was observed that systems are managed by local authorities in ten municipalities, four by city hall departments or appointed officials, and seven did not have any specific regulatory oversight. Seven municipalities had no water treatment; of those, six had no specific regulatory oversight, revealing the lack of a planned management system. In 57.1% of the municipalities, there was no sewage treatment and sewage was dumped in soak pits. These had no governing body, and the price-charging adjustments were established in three ways: i) approval of the project by the Town Hall councilors; ii) decree by the mayor; and iii) analysis by the Municipal Sanitation Council (CMS). The satisfaction of the consumers was related to economic, cultural and, especially, political factors, and the existence of a management system improved infrastructure conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519298.v1
title: Management of public water and sewage services by municipalities in Goiás, GO, Brasil

description: Abstract The characteristics of services provided and the regulations governing their cost both contribute to the satisfaction of the consumer. Therefore, the aim of the study was to analyze the quality of public water and sewage services in 21 municipalities of Goiás, to include billing procedures and consumer satisfaction, and taking into account whether or not the operations were regulated. To accomplish this, we conducted on-site visits to complete questionnaires relating to our interviews with managers to obtain technical information and with consumers to determine their level of satisfaction. It was observed that systems are managed by local authorities in ten municipalities, four by city hall departments or appointed officials, and seven did not have any specific regulatory oversight. Seven municipalities had no water treatment; of those, six had no specific regulatory oversight, revealing the lack of a planned management system. In 57.1% of the municipalities, there was no sewage treatment and sewage was dumped in soak pits. These had no governing body, and the price-charging adjustments were established in three ways: i) approval of the project by the Town Hall councilors; ii) decree by the mayor; and iii) analysis by the Municipal Sanitation Council (CMS). The satisfaction of the consumers was related to economic, cultural and, especially, political factors, and the existence of a management system improved infrastructure conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512320
title: The effects on Amazon floodplains of the dynamics between the water and land

description: Abstract Waters and lands in the Amazon, especially near the Solimões/Amazonas Rivers, are very dynamic, recreating the landscapes along the rivers' paths. The waters transport and deposit eroded materials, causing changes in the lifestyles of the meadow's residents. In addition to this, there are the recent climatic changes caused by the El Niño phenomenon, intensifying the meadows' transformations. This research explored the quantitative and qualitative values of knowledge of local people in order to understand the environment in which they live. With an understanding of the islands' environmental system and the perceptions of seventeen female farmers of the amazon meadow, coupled with appropriate theory and methods, it was possible to explore and execute this research. Valha-me-Deus and Chaves, both in the county of Jurupis, PA, were the islands chosen for the study. The goal of the study was to characterize the dynamics of the waters and lands of the Amazon River together with the re-creation of the river islands and the effects of climate change over the floodplains. The data show meaningful changes in the studied environmental systems, resulting in irreversible losses in the cultivation of food crops such as papaya, cocoa, manioc and bananas, especially after the intense river flooding of 2009.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512320.v1
title: The effects on Amazon floodplains of the dynamics between the water and land

description: Abstract Waters and lands in the Amazon, especially near the Solimões/Amazonas Rivers, are very dynamic, recreating the landscapes along the rivers' paths. The waters transport and deposit eroded materials, causing changes in the lifestyles of the meadow's residents. In addition to this, there are the recent climatic changes caused by the El Niño phenomenon, intensifying the meadows' transformations. This research explored the quantitative and qualitative values of knowledge of local people in order to understand the environment in which they live. With an understanding of the islands' environmental system and the perceptions of seventeen female farmers of the amazon meadow, coupled with appropriate theory and methods, it was possible to explore and execute this research. Valha-me-Deus and Chaves, both in the county of Jurupis, PA, were the islands chosen for the study. The goal of the study was to characterize the dynamics of the waters and lands of the Amazon River together with the re-creation of the river islands and the effects of climate change over the floodplains. The data show meaningful changes in the studied environmental systems, resulting in irreversible losses in the cultivation of food crops such as papaya, cocoa, manioc and bananas, especially after the intense river flooding of 2009.
DOI: 10.17632/xkzx3xhj2y.2
title: Supplementary Materials for Dataset on viscosity and starch polymer properties to predict texture through modeling

description: The data shows all the phenotypic data of Indica rice accession obtained from routine quality analysis, rapid-visco analyzer (RVA) , size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and sensory evaluation. Each line in the accession was grouped using agglomerative nesting clustering method and the cluster membership was provided in the data. The routine quality parameters include s amylose content (AC), gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC). The RVA parameters measured were peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), breakdown viscosity (BD), final viscosity (FV), setback viscosity (SB), peak time (PkT), pasting temperature (PsT) and lift-off viscosity (LO). The SEC data includes AM1 (Amylose 1), AM2 (Long-chain Amylopectin), MCAP (Medium-chain Amylopectin), SCAP1 (Short-chain amylopectin, 36&gt;DP&gt;21), SCAP2(Short-chain amylopectin, 20&gt;DP&gt;13), SCAP3 (Short-chain amylopectin, 12&gt;DP&gt;6). For the sensory evaluation, the evaluated parameter were Initial Starchy Coating (ISC), Slickness (SLK), Roughness (ROF), Stickiness to Lips (STL), Stickiness Between Grains (SBG), Springiness (SPR), Cohesiveness (COH), Hardness (HRD), Cohesiveness of Mass (COM), Uniformity of Bite (UOB), Moisture Absorption (MAB), Residual Loose Particles (RLP), and Toothpack (TPK). All of these parameters were described in the manuscript.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508375
title: Advanced oxidation processes: a review of fundamentals and applications in the treatment of urban and industrial wastewaters

description: Abstract Contamination of water by toxic and/or recalcitrant species has great environmental impacts. In this context, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) - technologies that principally use the hydroxyl radical (HO●) for oxidation - have emerged as promising alternatives in treating urban and industrial wastewaters. This study reviewed the literature on POAs and presented data regarding the efficiency of these processes in pollutant degradation, comparing the theoretical reasoning and its industrial applications. The fundamentals and major applications of AOPs (chemical, photochemical, electrochemical, sonochemical and ozone-based processes), as well as their advantages and disadvantages, are described in this review. AOPs have been considered an effective alternative from a technical, economic and environmental viewpoint for the degradation of pollutants in effluents and industrial wastewater, despite having limitations such as high cost of available energy sources, development of new low-cost catalytic materials and construction of full-scale reactors. It is greatly important to the industrial application of AOPs to optimize the effectiveness of these factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508375.v1
title: Advanced oxidation processes: a review of fundamentals and applications in the treatment of urban and industrial wastewaters

description: Abstract Contamination of water by toxic and/or recalcitrant species has great environmental impacts. In this context, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) - technologies that principally use the hydroxyl radical (HO●) for oxidation - have emerged as promising alternatives in treating urban and industrial wastewaters. This study reviewed the literature on POAs and presented data regarding the efficiency of these processes in pollutant degradation, comparing the theoretical reasoning and its industrial applications. The fundamentals and major applications of AOPs (chemical, photochemical, electrochemical, sonochemical and ozone-based processes), as well as their advantages and disadvantages, are described in this review. AOPs have been considered an effective alternative from a technical, economic and environmental viewpoint for the degradation of pollutants in effluents and industrial wastewater, despite having limitations such as high cost of available energy sources, development of new low-cost catalytic materials and construction of full-scale reactors. It is greatly important to the industrial application of AOPs to optimize the effectiveness of these factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7516586.v1
title: Vulnerability of groundwater to contamination in the municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas

description: Abstract Groundwater has been used intensively throughout Brazil. In southern Amazonas state, the water supplies of some municipalities are derived exclusively from wells. Yet this region generally has no wastewater treatment, leading to potential contamination of the underground water. We classified and mapped the vulnerability of groundwater supplies to contamination in the urban and peri-urban area of Humaitá in southern Amazonas State. We used the GOD method (Groundwater occurrence; Overall Lithology of the unsaturated zone; Depth of the water table) to score vulnerability classes. The results revealed the existence of average and high vulnerability of aquifer contamination in the area, indicating the fragility of the aquifer system that supplies the municipality, and showing the need for public policies aimed at the protection of the region's groundwater resources.
DOI: 10.17632/k7z6xvsybx.1
title: Early life stress induces a transient increase in hippocampal corticotropin releasing hormone in rat neonates that precedes the effects on hypothalamic neuropeptides

description: Early life stress (ELS) programs the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, affects synaptic plasticity, and cognitive performance in adult individuals; however, the effects of ELS during the vulnerability time window are poorly understood. This study aimed to thoroughly characterize the effects of ELS in the form of periodic maternal separation (MS180) during the time of exposure to stress. Hippocampal corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) gene expression and baseline HPA axis activity were analyzed at postnatal (P) days 6, 12, 15, and 21, and in adulthood (P75); these factors were correlated with plasticity markers and adult behavior. Our results indicate that MS180 induces an increase in hippocampal CRH expression at P9, P12, and P15, whereas the increase in hypothalamic CRH expression was observed from P12 to P21. Increased arginine vasopressin expression and corticosterone levels were observed only at P21. Moreover, MS180 caused transient alterations in hypothalamic synaptophysin expression during early life. As adults, MS180 rats showed a passive coping strategy in the forced swimming test, cognitive impairments in the object location test, increased hypothalamic CRH expression, and decreased oxytocin (OXT) expression.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7516586
title: Vulnerability of groundwater to contamination in the municipality of Humaitá, Amazonas

description: Abstract Groundwater has been used intensively throughout Brazil. In southern Amazonas state, the water supplies of some municipalities are derived exclusively from wells. Yet this region generally has no wastewater treatment, leading to potential contamination of the underground water. We classified and mapped the vulnerability of groundwater supplies to contamination in the urban and peri-urban area of Humaitá in southern Amazonas State. We used the GOD method (Groundwater occurrence; Overall Lithology of the unsaturated zone; Depth of the water table) to score vulnerability classes. The results revealed the existence of average and high vulnerability of aquifer contamination in the area, indicating the fragility of the aquifer system that supplies the municipality, and showing the need for public policies aimed at the protection of the region's groundwater resources.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512566
title: Contamination of semiarid potiguar reservoirs by harmful bactéria

description: Abstract Water contamination in the semi-arid section of Northeast Brazil is a current concern for the country's researchers, since this region is considered one of the poorest in Brazil and the water in these locations is a primary vehicle for disease transmission. We collected physical and chemical data as well as water samples from four semiarid potiguar reservoirs during the dry and rainy seasons of 2013 and 2014. These samples were prepared in a laboratory at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) and their physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics were evaluated. The procedures of microbial isolation and identification followed the Standard Methods for Examinations of Water and Wastewater. Then Vitek II system (Bio-Merieux(r)) was used to identify the microbial specimens and we calculated the frequency of specimens' occurrence. Altogether, 168 bacteria were isolated and identified; 97% were Gram-negative and only 3% were Gram-positive. Within the Gram-negatives, 73.2% were identified as belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and, in general terms, the most constant genera in the water reservoirs were Vibrio and Aeromonas. Among the Enterobacteriaceae family, the species Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae complex and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequent. There was no statistical difference between the number or morphotype groups found in the periods, p=0.255 and p=0.237, respectively. The analyzed data indicate possible contamination of these water reservoirs by human and/or animal fecal material.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512566.v1
title: Contamination of semiarid potiguar reservoirs by harmful bactéria

description: Abstract Water contamination in the semi-arid section of Northeast Brazil is a current concern for the country's researchers, since this region is considered one of the poorest in Brazil and the water in these locations is a primary vehicle for disease transmission. We collected physical and chemical data as well as water samples from four semiarid potiguar reservoirs during the dry and rainy seasons of 2013 and 2014. These samples were prepared in a laboratory at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) and their physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics were evaluated. The procedures of microbial isolation and identification followed the Standard Methods for Examinations of Water and Wastewater. Then Vitek II system (Bio-Merieux(r)) was used to identify the microbial specimens and we calculated the frequency of specimens' occurrence. Altogether, 168 bacteria were isolated and identified; 97% were Gram-negative and only 3% were Gram-positive. Within the Gram-negatives, 73.2% were identified as belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and, in general terms, the most constant genera in the water reservoirs were Vibrio and Aeromonas. Among the Enterobacteriaceae family, the species Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae complex and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequent. There was no statistical difference between the number or morphotype groups found in the periods, p=0.255 and p=0.237, respectively. The analyzed data indicate possible contamination of these water reservoirs by human and/or animal fecal material.