cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9zw3r229m
title: Selection for increased male size predicts variation in sexual size dimorphism among fish species

description: Variation in the degree of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) among taxa is
 generally considered to arise from differences in the relative intensity
 of male-male competition and fecundity selection. One might predict,
 therefore, that SSD will vary systematically with: 1) the intensity of
 sexual selection for increased male size, and 2) the intensity of
 fecundity selection for increased female size. To test these two
 fundamental hypotheses, we conducted a phylogenetic comparative analysis
 of SSD in fish. Specifically, using records of body length at first sexual
 maturity from FishBase, we quantified variation in the magnitude and
 direction of SSD in &gt;600 diverse freshwater and marine fish
 species, from sticklebacks to sharks. Although female-biased SSD was
 common, and thought to be driven primarily by fecundity selection,
 variation in SSD was not dependent on either the allometric scaling of
 reproductive-energy output or fecundity in female fish. Instead,
 systematic patterns based on habitat and life history characteristics
 associated with varying degrees of male-male competition and paternal
 care, strongly suggest that adaptive variation in SSD is driven by the
 intensity of sexual selection for increased male size.
description: Using records of body length at first sexual maturity from
 FishBase, we quantified variation in the magnitude and direction of SSD in
 &gt;600 diverse freshwater and marine fish species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b2rbnzs9g
title: Dataset from: Termite mounds house a diversity of taxa in oil palm plantations irrespective of understory management

description: We investigated the effects of oil palm understory vegetation management
 on termite mound activity and non-termite inhabitants. We found a
 diversity of taxa, most of which were unaffected by understory management.
 Mound volume and termite activity had taxa-specific effects on abundance.
 Preserving mounds in oil palm plantations will benefit biodiversity.
description: We sampled termite mounds in mature oil palm plantations that
 varied in their understory management (three treatments). We measured
 mound height and radius and destructively hand-searched the mounds. We
 recorded the presence of termites (all mounds were Macrotermes gilvus),
 and anything else readily visible by eye. We identified the snakes to
 species, spiders to family, and recorded the presence of ants, centipedes,
 scorpions, beetles, cockroaches, and earthworms.
description: Each line is an individual termite mound, except for 'Mound
 Code F06NA' - we found no termite mounds in plot F06, so included
 this line to remind users that this plot was searched for mounds (just
 none were found). Mounds with NA values were not searched, either because
 they had been removed prior to this study as part of another experiment
 (exclusion removed), or for another reason which is explained in the
 notes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.73n5tb2t1
title: Data from: Plant-microbial interactions facilitate grassland species coexistence at the community level

description: Interspecific competition and plant-soil feedbacks are powerful drivers of
 plant community structure. However, across a range of edaphic conditions
 the interactive effects of these drivers on complex plant communities
 remain unclear. For example, plant-soil feedback studies focus on soil
 trained by a single plant species. We developed a method to assess effects
 of plant-microbial interactions (PMI) on a complex plant community. We
 established mesocosms with 13 grassland species, grown individually or
 together, in overgrazed or restored soil, with or without soil microbial
 inoculum collected from a productive and diverse native grassland. We
 assessed biomass production as influenced by edaphic conditions,
 interspecific competition, and PMI. Furthermore, we assessed potential
 influences of interspecific competition and edaphic conditions on strength
 and direction of PMI. Our results indicate PMI drives negative growth
 responses for graminoids while forbs experience positive growth responses.
 Generally, interspecific competition did not alter the magnitude or
 direction of PMI-mediated growth responses. Edaphic conditions altered the
 influence of soil microbial communities on individual plant growth while
 PMI facilitated plant evenness. In plant community mesocosms,
 PMI-associated benefits were observed in overgrazed (relatively low
 nutrient) soil. However, interspecific competition overwhelmed plant
 growth benefits associated with soil microbial communities when plant
 communities were grown in restored soil. In mesocosms containing dominant
 grass species, interspecific competition had negative effects on species
 coexistence, but both positive and negative PMI partially counterbalanced
 this influence on plant species evenness. Understanding these mechanisms
 may improve our capacity to manage diverse and productive grasslands by
 enabling prediction of plant community composition following disturbance
 and subsequent restoration.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mpg4f4qvg
title: Evolution under pH stress and high population densities leads to increased density-dependent fitness in the protist Tetrahymena thermophila

description: Abiotic stress is a major force of selection that organisms are constantly
 facing. While the evolutionary effects of various stressors have been
 broadly studied, it is only more recently that the relevance of
 interactions between evolution and underlying ecological conditions, that
 is, eco-evolutionary feedbacks, have been highlighted. Here, we
 experimentally investigated how populations adapt to pH-stress under high
 population densities. Using the protist species Tetrahymena thermophila,
 we studied how four different genotypes evolved in response to stressfully
 low pH conditions and high population densities. We found that genotypes
 underwent evolutionary changes, some shifting up and others shifting down
 their intrinsic rates of increase (r0). Overall, evolution at low pH led
 to the convergence of r0 and intraspecific competitive ability (α) across
 the four genotypes. Given the strong correlation between r0 and α, we
 argue that this convergence was a consequence of selection for increased
 density-dependent fitness at low pH under the experienced high density
 conditions. Increased density-dependent fitness was either attained
 through increase in r0 , or decrease of α, depending on the genetic
 background. In conclusion, we show that demography can influence the
 direction of evolution under abiotic stress.  
description: Data was collected from video analysis of 20s videos made from
 <em>Tetrahymena thermophila</em> cells under a light
 microscope, and processed using BEMOVI video analysis.
 Further downstream model estimates were generated using
 Beverton-Holt model fitting and further analysis of trait estimates using
 Bayesian linear mixed models.
description: -Included data contains: 1) Raw density data,
 from ancestral lines, evolved lines and of density measurements over the
 course of the evolution experiment 2) Beverton-Holt
 model fits (raw posteriors and summarized posteriors)
 3) Trait data used for PCA fits 4) Data on the
 relation between HCl concentration and pH of the medium
 -Code is also available from Github, but for further downstream
 analyses may require to also run previous steps, to recreate the Bayesian
 model posteriors used in these downstream analyses. All raw data is
 available to repeat the analyses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fbg79cnrc
title: Trophic-specific responses to migration in empirical metacommunities

description: The metacommunity, as it evolved from Levins’s metapopulation, provides a
 framework to consider the spatial organization of species interactions. A
 defining feature of metapopulations and metacommunities is that organisms
 (populations or communities) are connected via migration. An important
 result from Levins’s metapopulation work—that increasing migration lowers
 regional extinction probability—is often incorporated into conceptions of
 metacommunities; however, this may not hold true for multiple interacting
 metapopulations (metacommunities). We report results from a metacommunity
 field experiment conducted with a tropical terrestrial leaf litter
 macro-arthropod community. We show that migration induces regional
 extinctions of predators without changing the predator community
 composition. For non-predators we found no evidence of regional
 extinctions, but a significant change in community composition.
  Our result corroborates the findings of a prior similar
 metacommunity experiment with a temperate forest leaf litter community.
 The concordance between these experiments, even with vastly different
 communities, highlights the importance of considering trophic and
 non-trophic community structure to understand metacommunity dynamics, and
 suggests a potential connection between migration rates and
 trophic-specific responses in ecological communities.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x11
title: Group formation and the evolutionary pathway to complex sociality in birds

description: Group-living species show a diversity of social organisation, from simple
 mated pairs to complex communities of inter-dependent individuals
 performing specialized tasks. The advantages of living in cooperative
 groups are well understood, but why some species breed in small
 aggregations while others evolve large, complex groups with clearly
 divided roles is unclear. We address this problem by reconstructing the
 evolutionary pathways to cooperative breeding across 4730 bird species. We
 show that differences in the way groups form at the origin of cooperative
 breeding predicts the level of group complexity that emerges. Groups that
 originate through the retention of offspring have a clear reproductive
 divide with distinct breeder and helper roles. This was associated with
 reproductive specialization, where breeders invest more in fecundity and
 less in care. In contrast, groups formed through the aggregation of
 unrelated adults are smaller and lack specialization. These results help
 explain why some species have not transitioned beyond simple groups, while
 others have taken the path to increased group complexity.
description: This data was collected via literature searches using key words
 in Web of Science, Google and Scopus.
description: There are three files included in this upload:
 - DowningetalSuppTables.xlsx -
 DowningetalRcode.R - effectSizes.txt
 Please README for full details of each file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s4mw6m93j
title: AI Ecosystems Enabling

description: We are exploring a broader sandbox ecosystems enabling for AI.
 Investigating Deep learning algorithms on unstructured content form on the
 web. Evaluating the intersection of Technology and Business in the context
 of AI, Globalization, CSR and the Last mile with an emphasis on Deep
 learning algorithms in the broader web.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ywxz5y
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1291895 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Country is Russian Federation",
 "DatasetKey is iNaturalist Research-grade Observations",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Month is May",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1291895 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002086-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6q69
title: Citizen science improves our understanding of the impact of soil management on wild pollinator abundance in agroecosystems

description: Native bees provide essential pollination services in both natural and
 managed ecosystems. However, declines in native bee species highlight the
 need for increased understanding of land management methods that can
 promote healthy, persistent populations and diverse communities. This can
 be challenging and costly using traditional scientific methods, but
 citizen science can overcome many limitations. In this study, we examined
 the distribution and abundance of an agriculturally important wild bee
 species, the squash bee (Eucera (Peponapis) pruinosa,
 Hymenoptera: Apidae). They are ground nesting, specialist bees that depend
 on cultivated varieties of Cucurbita (squash, pumpkins,
 gourds). The intimate relationship between squash bees and their host
 plants suggests that they are likely sensitive to farm management
 practices, particularly those that disturb the soil. In this study,
 citizen scientists across Michigan used a smartphone application to submit
 field management and bee observation data. Survey results indicated that
 squash bees occupy a wide geographic range and are more abundant in farms
 with reduced soil disturbance. Citizen science provided a cheap, effective
 method for examining impacts of farm management practices on squash bees
 and could be a valuable tool for monitoring and conserving other native
 pollinators.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7tza2z
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 294 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "PublishingOrg is one of (6ea87510-0561-11d8-b851-b8a03c50a862, c2ecae57-6701-485e-9ebd-5f87b2945cb2)",
 "TaxonKey is Melanoplus bispinosus",
 "Year 1900-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 294 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002109-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18394081
title: anisodontea_scabrosa_decontaminated_FSCR.fasta.gz
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6q6b
title: Spatial proximity moderates genotype uncertainty in genetic tagging studies

description: Accelerating declines of an increasing number of animal populations
 worldwide necessitate methods to reliably and efficiently estimate
 demographic parameters such as population density and trajectory. Standard
 methods for estimating demographic parameters from noninvasive genetic
 samples are inefficient because lower quality samples cannot be used, and
 they do not allow for errors in individual identification. We introduce
 the Genotype Spatial Partial Identity Model (SPIM), which integrates a
 genetic classification model with a spatial population model to combine
 both spatial and genetic information, thus reducing genotype uncertainty
 and increasing the precision of demographic parameter estimates. We apply
 this model to data from a study of fishers Pekania pennanti in
 which 48% of samples were originally discarded because of uncertainty in
 individual identity. The Genotype SPIM density estimate using all
 collected samples was 25% more precise than the original density estimate,
 and the model identified and corrected 2 errors in the original individual
 identity assignments. A simulation study demonstrated that our model
 increased the accuracy and precision of density estimates 63% and 42%,
 respectively, using 3 PCRs per genetic sample. Further, the simulations
 showed that the Genotype SPIM model parameters are identifiable with only
 one PCR per sample, and that accuracy and precision are relatively
 insensitive to the number of PCRs for high quality samples. Current
 genotyping protocols devote the majority of resources to replicating and
 confirming high quality samples, but when using the Genotype SPIM,
 genotyping protocols could be more efficient by devoting more resources to
 low quality samples.
description: This data set is part of a manuscript currently under review. See
 the preprint for the Methods.
 https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.01.01.892463v1
description:  The files can be loaded in Program R using the .R scripts
 provided. Program R can be found here:<br>  https://cran.r-project.org/ The SPIM_0.1.zip file contains everything necessary to install the SPIM R package using Program R. The files listed comprise the SPIM R package binary file. Windows and Mac users most likely want to download the precompiled binaries listed in the upper box, not the source code. The sources have to be compiled before you can use them. If you do not know what this means, you probably do not want to do it! The latest release (2018-07-02, Feather Spray) R-3 ...cran.r-project.org
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18394080
title: anisodontea_scabrosa_decontaminated_FSCR.fasta.gz
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18394453
title: THE PERSPECTIVES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL SERVICES IN UZBEKISTAN

description:  The ideals and principles that Islamic finance upholds are universal in scope and have roots that predate the emergence of Islam. Their acceptance and application help build a sustainable society grounded in social justice, fair wealth distribution, and honesty. The Islamic Financial Services Industry (IFSI) has grown from a specialty to a global industry. By the end of 2016, the size of the IFSI was estimated to be around USD 2.29 trillion, and by 2020, it might be between USD 3 and 4.36 trillion. The research analyzes the core characteristics and operational models of Islamic banking in contrast to conventional systems, examining its role in financial stability, economic inclusion, and development. A central focus is the analysis of Uzbekistan's existing legislative framework, which currently inhibits the provision of Shariah-compliant services. By identifying specific legal and regulatory gaps—particularly in banking, tax, and securities laws—the study proposes targeted amendments and phased implementation strategies.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18394454
title: THE PERSPECTIVES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL SERVICES IN UZBEKISTAN

description:  The ideals and principles that Islamic finance upholds are universal in scope and have roots that predate the emergence of Islam. Their acceptance and application help build a sustainable society grounded in social justice, fair wealth distribution, and honesty. The Islamic Financial Services Industry (IFSI) has grown from a specialty to a global industry. By the end of 2016, the size of the IFSI was estimated to be around USD 2.29 trillion, and by 2020, it might be between USD 3 and 4.36 trillion. The research analyzes the core characteristics and operational models of Islamic banking in contrast to conventional systems, examining its role in financial stability, economic inclusion, and development. A central focus is the analysis of Uzbekistan's existing legislative framework, which currently inhibits the provision of Shariah-compliant services. By identifying specific legal and regulatory gaps—particularly in banking, tax, and securities laws—the study proposes targeted amendments and phased implementation strategies.
DOI: 10.5068/d1995v
title: Genomic signatures of host-associated divergence and adaptation in a coral-eating snail, Coralliophila violacea (Kiener, 1836)

description: The fluid nature of the ocean, combined with planktonic dispersal of
 marine larvae, lowers physical barriers to gene flow. However, divergence
 can still occur despite gene flow if strong selection acts on populations
 occupying different ecological niches. Here, we examined the population
 genomics of an ectoparasitic snail, Coralliophila violacea (Kiener 1836),
 that specializes on Porites corals in the Indo-Pacific. Previous genetic
 analyses revealed two sympatric lineages associated with different coral
 hosts. In this study, we examined the mechanisms promoting and maintaining
 the snails’ adaptation to their coral hosts. Genome-wide single nucleotide
 polymorphism (SNP) data from type II restriction-site associated DNA
 (2b-RAD) sequencing revealed two differentiated clusters of C. violacea
 that were largely concordant with coral host, consistent with previous
 genetic results. However, the presence of some admixed genotypes indicates
 gene flow from one lineage to the other. Combined, these results suggest
 that differentiation between host-associated lineages of C. violacea is
 occurring in the face of ongoing gene flow, requiring strong selection.
 Indeed, 2.7% of all SNP loci were outlier loci (73/2,718), indicative of
 divergence with gene flow, driven by adaptation of each C. violacea
 lineage to their specific coral hosts.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.66t1g1jz2
title: Analytical validation and field testing of a specific qPCR assay for environmental DNA detection of invasive European green crab - Collected and Generated Data

description: Environmental DNA (eDNA) methods are providing tools for detecting
 invasive species in aquatic environments. Targeted qPCR assays applied to
 eDNA samples promise to overcome limitations of traditional methods,
 especially for early detection. The European green crab (Carcinus maenas)
 is considered one of the most successful invasive species globally due to
 the large range it has invaded and negative impacts on native species,
 marine habitats, and shellfish industries. We developed,
 laboratory‐validated, and field‐tested a specific qPCR assay for the
 detection of green crab from eDNA samples. We also show that the assay can
 detect green crab in bulk DNA extracted from plankton samples. Assay
 design, optimization, sensitivity, and specificity testing generally
 followed the validation pathway recommended by the World Organization for
 Animal Health for assays used to manage global aquatic animal health and
 infectious disease. Assay specificity was verified in silico and in vitro
 by laboratory testing 26 nontarget species, none of which showed potential
 for amplification. Assay sensitivity was appropriately high, with the
 limit of detection approaching two gene copies/μl. The assay was
 field‐tested on eDNA samples collected from filtered seawater at five
 sites on the Pacific coast of Canada known to harbor green crab based on
 historical monitoring data; green crab DNA was amplified from all sites.
 We also present early pilot field testing of the assay done on bulk DNA
 extracted from plankton samples from four sites from Australia, two sites
 with and two sites without reported records of green crab presence. Green
 crab was detected at both sites with known green crab records. Significant
 inhibition was recorded for some plankton samples but not for eDNA
 samples. This is the first qPCR assay for detection of European green
 crab, providing researchers and managers with a valuable new tool to aid
 early detection and ongoing monitoring.
DOI: 10.15139/s3/nqhhjb
title: Data Management and Sharing Plan for: Brain structure and function and the CNS HIV reservoir in older people living with HIV

description: The Data Management and Sharing Plan describes the scientific data to be generated and/or used in the research and outlines a strategy for managing and sharing project data.
description: Data Management and Sharing Plan