cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506944
title: The definitions of slums and favelas and its implication on population data: a content analysis approach

description: AbstractThis article aimed to discuss the different definitions of slums and favelas and their implication on population data. The definitions discussed were extracted from research related to the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) and the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). The data manipulation was performed according to the content analysis (CA) approach. The quantification performed with Iramuteq software was based on word frequency and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA). Qualitative and quantitative analyzes highlighted two major differences: in the object characterization (area, building and both); and qualification type (legal aspects, construction standards, infrastructure deficiency, land property, population density, geographic references and residents typing). With the high number of qualifications and diverse content, the population data aggregate different information, making its comparison less accurate. This imprecision tends to expand due to the area growth and the number of countries analyzed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506944.v1
title: The definitions of slums and favelas and its implication on population data: a content analysis approach

description: AbstractThis article aimed to discuss the different definitions of slums and favelas and their implication on population data. The definitions discussed were extracted from research related to the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) and the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). The data manipulation was performed according to the content analysis (CA) approach. The quantification performed with Iramuteq software was based on word frequency and factorial correspondence analysis (FCA). Qualitative and quantitative analyzes highlighted two major differences: in the object characterization (area, building and both); and qualification type (legal aspects, construction standards, infrastructure deficiency, land property, population density, geographic references and residents typing). With the high number of qualifications and diverse content, the population data aggregate different information, making its comparison less accurate. This imprecision tends to expand due to the area growth and the number of countries analyzed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506422
title: Multicriteria evaluation of people with reduced mobility accessibility: a study in downtown Itajubá (MG)

description: AbstractEvaluating the accessibility of specific groups in a determined urban space is challenging, not only when it comes to verifying technical standards and current legislations, but also when considering individual opinions. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the accessibility of people with limited mobility in urban public spaces, using an accessibility multi-criteria analysis model. The goal of this study was pedestrian flow in sidewalks, obstacles, crossings and parking spots in downtown Itajubá-MG. It was verified that user’s judgment regarding accessibility depends on the different kinds of mobility difficulties, the availability of devices and means of transport. This study provides insights that support better urban mobility proposals for a sustainable development, especially to those projects that aim a social sustainability on a broader concept that embraces human experience in the cities and enables individuals to participate on projects targeted to the general population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506422.v1
title: Multicriteria evaluation of people with reduced mobility accessibility: a study in downtown Itajubá (MG)

description: AbstractEvaluating the accessibility of specific groups in a determined urban space is challenging, not only when it comes to verifying technical standards and current legislations, but also when considering individual opinions. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the accessibility of people with limited mobility in urban public spaces, using an accessibility multi-criteria analysis model. The goal of this study was pedestrian flow in sidewalks, obstacles, crossings and parking spots in downtown Itajubá-MG. It was verified that user’s judgment regarding accessibility depends on the different kinds of mobility difficulties, the availability of devices and means of transport. This study provides insights that support better urban mobility proposals for a sustainable development, especially to those projects that aim a social sustainability on a broader concept that embraces human experience in the cities and enables individuals to participate on projects targeted to the general population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7513931
title: Towards a landscape ecosophy. Interpreting how the Villarrica-Pucón urban system inhabitants in the Araucanía region of Chile perceive and relate with the dynamics of Landscape

description: Abstract As a reaction to the complex global crisis, the notion of ecological urbanism has emerged in order to understand and attend the inaccuracy between the urban system and the environment of which it is a part. This article suggests that the form we perceive the city-nature relation deeply determines the praxis of urbanism arguing that the problem of ecological urbanism is essentially epistemological and ethical. Accordingly, the article introduces the concept of “landscape ecosophy” through which not only is possible to understand the indivisible connection of perception and socio-ecological practices, but also help us to reconnect the praxis of urbanism with a relational epistemology and landscape. The article empirically seeks to interpret how the Villarrica and Pucón urban system inhabitants in the Araucanía Region of Chile perceive and relate with the mountain and lacustrine landscapes in their daily practices of inhabitation. To achieve this, an ethnographic methodology is used. The discussion central line is represented by the question, ‘So close, but so far?’, as in spite of the fact that both cities are deeply connected to the landscape, their socio-cultural constructions are defined by the notions of disconnection and a lack of awareness. On the other hand, in a sort of circular causality, the article also identifies how certain urban initiatives may not only imply a reconnection between the urban system and the landscape of which it is a part, but also contribute to trigger the emergence of deeper landscape ecosophies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7513931.v1
title: Towards a landscape ecosophy. Interpreting how the Villarrica-Pucón urban system inhabitants in the Araucanía region of Chile perceive and relate with the dynamics of Landscape

description: Abstract As a reaction to the complex global crisis, the notion of ecological urbanism has emerged in order to understand and attend the inaccuracy between the urban system and the environment of which it is a part. This article suggests that the form we perceive the city-nature relation deeply determines the praxis of urbanism arguing that the problem of ecological urbanism is essentially epistemological and ethical. Accordingly, the article introduces the concept of “landscape ecosophy” through which not only is possible to understand the indivisible connection of perception and socio-ecological practices, but also help us to reconnect the praxis of urbanism with a relational epistemology and landscape. The article empirically seeks to interpret how the Villarrica and Pucón urban system inhabitants in the Araucanía Region of Chile perceive and relate with the mountain and lacustrine landscapes in their daily practices of inhabitation. To achieve this, an ethnographic methodology is used. The discussion central line is represented by the question, ‘So close, but so far?’, as in spite of the fact that both cities are deeply connected to the landscape, their socio-cultural constructions are defined by the notions of disconnection and a lack of awareness. On the other hand, in a sort of circular causality, the article also identifies how certain urban initiatives may not only imply a reconnection between the urban system and the landscape of which it is a part, but also contribute to trigger the emergence of deeper landscape ecosophies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506431
title: Urbanism & ecology in Buenos Aires: an overview throughout urban planning journey inside its regional context

description: Abstract Buenos Aires urbanization, inserted in a pampeano and rioplatense context, resulted in the development of a metropolitan area with significant population density. Over the last five decades the occupation of urban land even double the entire urban history of 430 years. This article aims to analyze the emergence of urbanism in Buenos Aires and its links with ecology, studying the origins of the urban planning discipline in Argentina (eg, Le Corbusier's functionalism and Della Paolera's organicism) and its relationship with the urban growth in Buenos Aires. Throughout the article we examine in which way the inclusion of some cognitive supports linking the city with the biological language operates. We underline the Metropolitan dimension around the region concept, that synthesizes the growth toward the pampa and the Río de la Plata river. To conclude, the “ecological urbanism” as a concept is introduced in Buenos Aires with slogans to plan and manage the city. In this regard, we propose the approach of the city as an ecosystem, revising synthetically the main implications of current urbanization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506431.v1
title: Urbanism & ecology in Buenos Aires: an overview throughout urban planning journey inside its regional context

description: Abstract Buenos Aires urbanization, inserted in a pampeano and rioplatense context, resulted in the development of a metropolitan area with significant population density. Over the last five decades the occupation of urban land even double the entire urban history of 430 years. This article aims to analyze the emergence of urbanism in Buenos Aires and its links with ecology, studying the origins of the urban planning discipline in Argentina (eg, Le Corbusier's functionalism and Della Paolera's organicism) and its relationship with the urban growth in Buenos Aires. Throughout the article we examine in which way the inclusion of some cognitive supports linking the city with the biological language operates. We underline the Metropolitan dimension around the region concept, that synthesizes the growth toward the pampa and the Río de la Plata river. To conclude, the “ecological urbanism” as a concept is introduced in Buenos Aires with slogans to plan and manage the city. In this regard, we propose the approach of the city as an ecosystem, revising synthetically the main implications of current urbanization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511180
title: Between the recovery of historical heritage and the housing issue: urban renewal projects to downtown Santos

description: Abstract The study case is the city of Santos, specifically the municipal public administration, concerning urban policies. Due to the large increase in Santos land value in the last fifteen years, and to the public management marked by both patrimonialism as the growing attention to the interests of large private capital, which is organized through associations and representations of class, there were two very clear processes in the city: a) the expulsion of part of Santos population, including the lower middle class, mainly to other cities of the region; and b) the commodification of urban and architectural heritage which has been preserved, since it did not interfere with the real estate market interests. The work has as main objective the description, analysis and evaluation of Santos urban policies, regarding their set of values, its operating logic, and the attendance of interests inside and outside the city.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511180.v1
title: Between the recovery of historical heritage and the housing issue: urban renewal projects to downtown Santos

description: Abstract The study case is the city of Santos, specifically the municipal public administration, concerning urban policies. Due to the large increase in Santos land value in the last fifteen years, and to the public management marked by both patrimonialism as the growing attention to the interests of large private capital, which is organized through associations and representations of class, there were two very clear processes in the city: a) the expulsion of part of Santos population, including the lower middle class, mainly to other cities of the region; and b) the commodification of urban and architectural heritage which has been preserved, since it did not interfere with the real estate market interests. The work has as main objective the description, analysis and evaluation of Santos urban policies, regarding their set of values, its operating logic, and the attendance of interests inside and outside the city.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7514978.v1
title: Challenges of the urban peripheral landscapes

description: Abstract The peripheral regions of Sao Paulo reveal a profound contradiction in their landscapes – on the one hand, remnants of their original biophysical basis and, on the other, increasing pressure for the territory’s occupation. The northwest sector of the periphery, for example, presents environmentally sensitive areas which are at the same time under great pressure for occupation by those who do so by choice (the property market) and those who have none (irregular and high-risk occupation). The poor inhabitants of these regions have increasingly organized themselves to achieve basic rights through community associations, social movements, and cultural groups ever since the recent re-democratization process in Brazil. It is precisely in these urban spaces, which are precarious in many ways, that significant subjectivities have emerged in participatory processes, expressing an awareness of environmental issues with an implicit desire for more humanized landscapes. These processes often include children and their teachers as protagonists. For thirteen years, the Landscape, Art and Culture Laboratory (LABPARC) of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism (FAU) at USP has been working with educators and children from municipal public schools, developing projects, research, and university extension work in the region. This article aims to discuss this experience with the objective of showing the gains achieved and the challenges that may arise within the perspective of a collective construction of the city, where urban interventions can be harmonized with water sources, streams, steep slopes, forests, and fauna.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7514978
title: Challenges of the urban peripheral landscapes

description: Abstract The peripheral regions of Sao Paulo reveal a profound contradiction in their landscapes – on the one hand, remnants of their original biophysical basis and, on the other, increasing pressure for the territory’s occupation. The northwest sector of the periphery, for example, presents environmentally sensitive areas which are at the same time under great pressure for occupation by those who do so by choice (the property market) and those who have none (irregular and high-risk occupation). The poor inhabitants of these regions have increasingly organized themselves to achieve basic rights through community associations, social movements, and cultural groups ever since the recent re-democratization process in Brazil. It is precisely in these urban spaces, which are precarious in many ways, that significant subjectivities have emerged in participatory processes, expressing an awareness of environmental issues with an implicit desire for more humanized landscapes. These processes often include children and their teachers as protagonists. For thirteen years, the Landscape, Art and Culture Laboratory (LABPARC) of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism (FAU) at USP has been working with educators and children from municipal public schools, developing projects, research, and university extension work in the region. This article aims to discuss this experience with the objective of showing the gains achieved and the challenges that may arise within the perspective of a collective construction of the city, where urban interventions can be harmonized with water sources, streams, steep slopes, forests, and fauna.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512002
title: Socio-environmental typology of Brazilian medium size cities: contributions for a sustainable urban developtment

description: Abstract The global urbanization of the territories, which is an important ongoing human ecological phenomenon, and whose environmental impacts have local, regional and global levels, has the remarkable property of a sharp growth of small and intermediate cities, in which capacity of planning and management is usually negligible, when they are compared to large cities. This is what takes place in Brazil, where medium-sized cities, those with populations between 100,000 and 500,000 residents are growing faster than large cities from mid-1990. The article aims to chart a typology of medium Brazilian cities, through multivariate statistical analysis. The resulting typology identifies two types of cities, with different social, environmental and management demands. Some of these cities are located in biodiversity hotspots. In parallel, we have compiled statistics on environmental management in place in these cities. Our results demonstrate low effectiveness of environmental management actions in these municipalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512002.v1
title: Socio-environmental typology of Brazilian medium size cities: contributions for a sustainable urban developtment

description: Abstract The global urbanization of the territories, which is an important ongoing human ecological phenomenon, and whose environmental impacts have local, regional and global levels, has the remarkable property of a sharp growth of small and intermediate cities, in which capacity of planning and management is usually negligible, when they are compared to large cities. This is what takes place in Brazil, where medium-sized cities, those with populations between 100,000 and 500,000 residents are growing faster than large cities from mid-1990. The article aims to chart a typology of medium Brazilian cities, through multivariate statistical analysis. The resulting typology identifies two types of cities, with different social, environmental and management demands. Some of these cities are located in biodiversity hotspots. In parallel, we have compiled statistics on environmental management in place in these cities. Our results demonstrate low effectiveness of environmental management actions in these municipalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518341.v1
title: Insecure land tenure in the urban areas of Minas Gerais

description: Abstract This paper discusses characteristics of the insecure land tenure in the state of Minas Gerais, in Brazil, by using data from the Sample Survey of Minas Gerais Household (PAD-MG) of 2013. This survey presents specific questions on this subject for the first time in Brazil. We analyze aspects of land ownership of the urban owned households regarding the existence of different types of titles and their official register with relation to housing types, location in subnormal areas, construction standards, infrastructure provision, public or private titling and other features. We identified the amount of urban households with insecure land tenure and that it is spread over the entire stock of urban households, not only over the subnormal settlements. We also found that there is no interdependence between unsafe land ownership and house or settlement precariousness. In addition, we found that about 50% of insecure land tenure is mainly related to titles that lack formal registration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518341
title: Insecure land tenure in the urban areas of Minas Gerais

description: Abstract This paper discusses characteristics of the insecure land tenure in the state of Minas Gerais, in Brazil, by using data from the Sample Survey of Minas Gerais Household (PAD-MG) of 2013. This survey presents specific questions on this subject for the first time in Brazil. We analyze aspects of land ownership of the urban owned households regarding the existence of different types of titles and their official register with relation to housing types, location in subnormal areas, construction standards, infrastructure provision, public or private titling and other features. We identified the amount of urban households with insecure land tenure and that it is spread over the entire stock of urban households, not only over the subnormal settlements. We also found that there is no interdependence between unsafe land ownership and house or settlement precariousness. In addition, we found that about 50% of insecure land tenure is mainly related to titles that lack formal registration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512182
title: The paradoxes between different urban spaces in the municipality of Barcarena, Pará state, Brazil

description: Abstract Over the past decades, the process of urbanization in the small towns of Amazonia has transformed the urban and rural sceneries, which were restructured and have lost their characteristics. Although there are cities deeply dependent on forest resources, there is the emergence of cities that have withdrawn this activity and become dependent on the productive sector connected with the global market, such as the industry. The municipality of Barcarena, Para state, is an example of this process. Even though its economy is based on industrial activity, its rural population overlaps its urban population. In this sense, this paper aims to study the urban restructuring of the municipality of Barcarena, from the installation of an industrial complex, and the urban paradoxes resulting from this process. This research was developed using data collected through questionnaires applied in urban households, census data, and information collected in the Barcarena City Hall. This study shows the incoherence of data on urbanity; questions IBGE delimitations; and concludes that Barcarena is a “town of the forest” because it has kept its culture and economy closely related to it, and that ‘Vila dos Cabanos’ is a “town in the forest” because it presents strong logistic functions bound to the exterior and disconnected from the forest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512182.v1
title: The paradoxes between different urban spaces in the municipality of Barcarena, Pará state, Brazil

description: Abstract Over the past decades, the process of urbanization in the small towns of Amazonia has transformed the urban and rural sceneries, which were restructured and have lost their characteristics. Although there are cities deeply dependent on forest resources, there is the emergence of cities that have withdrawn this activity and become dependent on the productive sector connected with the global market, such as the industry. The municipality of Barcarena, Para state, is an example of this process. Even though its economy is based on industrial activity, its rural population overlaps its urban population. In this sense, this paper aims to study the urban restructuring of the municipality of Barcarena, from the installation of an industrial complex, and the urban paradoxes resulting from this process. This research was developed using data collected through questionnaires applied in urban households, census data, and information collected in the Barcarena City Hall. This study shows the incoherence of data on urbanity; questions IBGE delimitations; and concludes that Barcarena is a “town of the forest” because it has kept its culture and economy closely related to it, and that ‘Vila dos Cabanos’ is a “town in the forest” because it presents strong logistic functions bound to the exterior and disconnected from the forest.