cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vp743
title: Data from: The plastic fly: the effect of sustained fluctuations in adult food supply on life history traits

description: Many adult traits in Drosophila melanogaster show phenotypic plasticity,
 and the effects of diet on traits such as lifespan and reproduction are
 well explored. Although plasticity in response to food is still present in
 older flies, it is unknown how sustained environmental variation affects
 life-history traits. Here, we explore how such life-long fluctuations of
 food supply affect weight and survival in groups of flies and affect
 weight, survival and reproduction in individual flies. In both
 experiments, we kept adults on constant high or low food and compared
 these to flies that experienced fluctuations of food either once or twice
 a week. For these ‘yoyo’ groups, the initial food level and the duration
 of the dietary variation differed during adulthood, creating four ‘yoyo’
 fly groups. In groups of flies, survival and weight were affected by adult
 food. However, for individuals, survival and reproduction, but not weight,
 were affected by adult food, indicating that single and group housing of
 female flies affects life-history trajectories. Remarkably, both the
 manner and extent to which life-history traits varied in relation to food
 depended on whether flies initially experienced high or low food after
 eclosion. We therefore conclude that the expression of life-history traits
 in adult life is affected not only by adult plasticity, but also by early
 adult life experiences. This is an important but often overlooked factor
 in studies of life-history evolution and may explain variation in
 life-history experiments.
description: figure 1
 dataData for figure one,
 survival curves of exp #1. Lifespan in days, status (1=normal death,
 0=censored), food treatment (CH=control high, CL=control low, SYH = slow
 yoyo high start, SYL = slow yoyo low start, FYH = fast yoyo high start,
 FYL = fast yoyo low start) and weighing treatment (weighed or unweighed
 are given).figure 2
 dataData contains weight
 measurement exp#1 per measurement, per food treatment (food_trt), the
 number of individuals in a vial (n_ind), total weight and average
 weightfigure 3
 dataData of average weight
 per vial with a period assigned to it as described in figure 3 of paper.
 Food treatment (food_trt) and measurement are also
 indicatedfigure 4
 dataData for survival curves
 individual flies (exp#2). Lifespan in days, status (1=normal death,
 0=censor) and food treatment (food_trt) are indicatedfigure 5
 dataData for the figures for
 eggs and weight per period. Measurement, food treatment (food_trt) period,
 weight and eggs are given.figure 6
 dataData for time and food
 dependent response of egg number. Measurement, food treatment, current
 food level, weight, number of eggs produced and lifespan per individual
 are given.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g5516
title: Data from: Experimental duration and predator satiation levels systematically affect functional response parameters

description: Empirical feeding studies where density-dependent consumption rates are
 fitted to functional response models are often used to parameterize the
 interaction strengths in models of population or food-web dynamics.
 However, the relationship between functional response parameter estimates
 from short-term feeding studies and real-world, long-term, trophic
 interaction strengths remains largely unexamined. In a critical first step
 to address this void, we tested for systematic effects of experimental
 duration and predator satiation on the estimate of functional response
 parameters, namely attack rate and handling time. Analyzing a large data
 set covering a wide range of predator taxa and body masses we show that
 attack rates decrease with increasing experimental duration, and that
 handling times of starved predators are consistently shorter than those of
 satiated predators. Therefore, both the experimental duration and the
 predator satiation level have a strong and systematic impact on the
 predictions of population dynamics and food-web stability. Our study
 highlights potential pitfalls at the intersection of empirical and
 theoretical applications of functional responses. We conclude our study
 with some practical suggestions for how these implications should be
 addressed in the future to improve predictive abilities and realism in
 models of predator-prey interactions.
description: Data from: Li et al
 (2017) OikosLiterature data on
 functional response experiments across studies containing additional
 information on e.g. body mass, temperature, starvation (see readme file
 for details).Lietal_oikos_2017_data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7ms1bb5
title: Data from: The topological differences between visitation and pollen transport networks: a comparison in species rich communities of the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains

description: Pollination networks are usually constructed and assessed by direct field
 observations which commonly assume that all flower visitors are true
 pollinators. However, this assumption is often invalid and the use of data
 based on mere visitors to flowers may lead to a misunderstanding of
 intrinsic pollination networks. Here, using a large dataset by both
 sampling floral visitors and analyzing their pollen loads, we constructed
 32 networks pairs (visitation vs. pollen transport) across one flowering
 season at four elevation sites in the Himalaya-Hengduan Mountains region.
 Pollen analysis was conducted to determine which flower visitors acted as
 potential pollinators (pollen vectors) or as cheaters (those not carrying
 pollen of the visited plants). We tested whether there were topological
 differences between visitation and pollen transport networks and whether
 different taxonomic groups of insect visitors differed in their ability to
 carry pollen of the visited plants. Our results indicated that there was a
 significantly higher degree of specialization at both the network and
 species levels in the pollen transport networks in contrast to the
 visitation networks. Modularity was lower but nestedness was higher in the
 visitation networks compared to the pollen transport networks. All the
 cheaters were identified as peripheral species and most of them
 contributed positively to the nested structure. This may explain in part
 the differences in modularity and nestedness between the two network
 types. Bees carried the highest proportion of pollen of the visited
 plants. This was followed by Coleoptera, other Hymenoptera and Diptera.
 Lepidoptera carried the lowest proportion of pollen of the visited plants.
 Our study shows that the construction of pollen transport networks could
 provide a more in-depth understanding of plant-pollinator interactions.
 Moreover, it suggests that detecting and removing cheater interactions
 when studying the topology of other mutualistic networks might be also
 important.
description: Network structure data
 for Zhao et al OikosThe Microsoft Excel
 spreadsheet contains network and species level metrics for the 32
 visitation networks and their corresponding pollen transport networks in
 the Yulong Mountain, SW China. The file contains four sheets: (1) network
 level metrics; (2) plant species level metrics; (3) insect species level
 metrics; (4) pollen transport roles of insects. The contents of all
 columns are described in the file.Zhao_Oikos_network_structure_data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3rn6323d
title: Data from: Intraspecific cytotypic variation and complicated genetic structure in the Phlox amabilis-P. woodhousei (Polemoniaceae) complex

description: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Polyploidy is widely recognized as an important
 process in the evolution of plants, but less attention has been paid to
 the study of intraspecific polyploidy, including its prevalence,
 formation, taxonomic implications, and effect on genetic diversity,
 structure, and gene flow within and among individuals and populations.
 Here we studied intraspecific ploidy level variation in the Phlox
 amabilis-P. woodhousei complex in order to determine the amount and
 distribution of cytotypic and genetic variation present and measure the
 extent of gene flow among species, cytotypes, and populations. METHODS:
 Flow cytometry and microsatellite analyses were used to ascertain
 cytotypic variation, genetic diversity, and population structure within
 and among eight populations of P. amabilis and ten populations of P.
 woodhousei from Arizona and New Mexico. KEY RESULTS: Our analyses support
 the recognition of P. amabilis and P. woodhousei as two distinct species.
 Both species exhibit cytotypic variation with geographically structured
 diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid populations, and genetic analyses
 suggest a combination of auto- and allopolyploidy in their formation.
 Diploid, tetraploid, and most hexaploid populations within species share
 much of their genetic variation, while some hexaploid populations are
 genetically distinct. All populations maintain moderately high genetic
 diversity and connectivity, and genetic structure is strongly influenced
 by geography. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the potential for
 complicated patterns of genetic variation relative to cytotypic variation
 and provides evidence for the role of cytotypic variation and geographic
 isolation in shaping diversity, differentiation and potentially speciation
 in the P. amabilis-P. woodhousei complex.
description: Microsatellite data for
 all populations in presence-absence formatThis comma-delimited
 file contains microsatellite data for all 411 individuals from 18
 populations of Phlox amabilis and P. woodhousei that were surveyed with
 five microsatellite loci.PAPWbinary.csvMicrosatellite data for diploid populationsThis comma-delimited file contains microsatellite data for 144 diploid individuals from 6 populations of Phlox amabilis and P. woodhousei that were surveyed with five microsatellite loci.PAPWdiploid.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pd5ss
title: Data from: Weak evidence for anticipatory parental effects in plants and animals

description: The evolution of adaptive phenotypic plasticity relies on the presence of
 cues that enable organisms to adjust their phenotype to match local
 conditions. Although mostly studied with respect to nonsocial cues, it is
 also possible that parents transmit information about the environment to
 their offspring. Such ‘anticipatory parental effects’ or ‘adaptive
 transgenerational plasticity’ can have important consequences for the
 dynamics and adaptive potential of populations in heterogeneous
 environments. Yet, it remains unknown how widespread this form of
 plasticity is. Using a meta-analysis of experimental studies with a fully
 factorial design, we show that there is only weak evidence for higher
 offspring performance when parental and offspring environments are matched
 compared with when they are mismatched. Estimates of heterogeneity among
 studies suggest that effects, when they occur, are subtle. Study features,
 environmental context, life stage and trait categories all failed to
 explain significant amounts of variation in effect sizes. We discuss
 theoretical and methodological reasons for the limited evidence for
 anticipatory parental effects and suggest ways to improve our
 understanding of the prevalence of this form of plasticity in nature.
description: Datasets used for
 meta-analyses on anticipatory parental effects in plants and
 animalsPlease see ReadMe
 file.MetaAnalysisDataSet_JEB_Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.01sd0
title: Data from: Seabird diversity hotspot linked to ocean productivity in the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem

description: Upwelling regions are highly productive habitats targeted by wide-ranging
 marine predators and industrial fisheries. In this study, we track the
 migratory movements of eight seabird species from across the Atlantic;
 quantify overlap with the Canary Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME)
 and determine the habitat characteristics that drive this association. Our
 results indicate the CCLME is a biodiversity hotspot for migratory
 seabirds; all tracked species and more than 70% of individuals used this
 upwelling region. Relative species richness peaked in areas where sea
 surface temperature averaged between 15 and 20°C, and correlated
 positively with chlorophyll a, revealing the optimum conditions driving
 bottom-up trophic effects for seabirds. Marine vertebrates are not
 confined by international boundaries, making conservation challenging.
 However, by linking diversity to ocean productivity, our research reveals
 the significance of the CCLME for seabird populations from across the
 Atlantic, making it a priority for conservation action.
description: Seabird species richness
 and environmental dataThis datafile contains
 the species richness and environmental data used by Grecian et al. to
 examine the drivers of seabird species richness in the Canary Current
 Large Marine Ecosystem. Species richness data was calculated across a
 network of 200 km tessellated hexagons; the Cartesian x and y coordinates
 of these are in the first two columns. The following columns include
 Species Richness; average sea surface temperature; average chlorophyll a;
 and a measure of null usage. The data were analysed using a GAM with a
 soap film smoother. For full details see Supplementary
 materials.dat.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sp5dp
title: Data from: The influence of spatially structured soil properties on tree community assemblages at a landscape scale in the tropical forests of southern Cameroon

description: Species distribution within plant communities results from both the
 influence of deterministic processes, related to environmental conditions,
 and neutral processes related to dispersal limitation and stochastic
 events, the relative importance of each factor depending on the
 observation scale. Assessing the relative contribution of environment
 necessitates controlling for spatial dependences among data points. Recent
 methods, combining multiple regression and Moran's eigenvectors maps
 (MEM), have been proved successful in disentangling the influence of pure
 spatial processes related to dispersal limitation, pure environmental
 variables (not spatially structured) and spatially structured
 environmental properties. However, the latter influence is usually not
 testable when using advanced spatial models like MEM. To overcome this
 issue, we propose an original approach, based on torus-translations and
 Moran spectral randomizations, to test the fraction of species abundance
 variation that is jointly explained by space and seven soil variables,
 using three environmental and tree species abundance data sets (consisting
 of 120, 52 and 34 plots of 0·2 ha each, located along 101-, 66- and
 35-km-long transect-like inventories, respectively) collected in tropical
 moist forests in southern Cameroon. The overall abundance of species
 represented by ≥30 individuals, and 27% of these species taken
 individually, were significantly explained by fine-scale (&lt;5 km)
 and/or broad-scale (5–100 km) spatially structured variations in soil
 nutrient concentrations (essentially the concentration of available Mn, Mg
 and Ca) along the 120-plots area. The number of significant tests
 considerably decreased when investigating the two smaller data sets, which
 mostly resulted from low statistical power rather than weaker floristic
 and/or edaphic variation captured among plots. Synthesis. Our results
 provide evidence that tree species turnovers are partly controlled by
 spatially structured concentrations in soil nutrients at scales ranging
 from few hundreds of metres to c. 100 km, a poorly documented subject in
 Central African forests. We also highlight the usefulness of our testing
 procedure to correctly interpret the space-soil fraction of variation
 partitioning analyses (which always accounted here for the most important
 part of the soil contribution), as this fraction was sometimes relatively
 high (R2 values up to c. 0·3) but nearly or not significant.
description: Tree species abundances,
 soil variables and topographical dataThe file contains the
 species abundance and environmental data for each inventory
 plot.Vleminckx_et_al_Data.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kt387
title: Data from: Estimating encounter rates as the first step of sexual selection in the lizard Anolis sagrei

description: How individuals move through their environment dictates which other
 individuals they encounter, determining their social and reproductive
 interactions and the extent to which they experience sexual selection.
 Specifically, females rarely have the option of mating with all males in a
 population—they can only choose among the males they encounter. Further,
 quantifying phenotypic differences between the males that females
 encounter and those that sire females’ offspring lends insight into how
 social and reproductive interactions shape male phenotypes. We used an
 explicitly spatiotemporal Markov chain model to estimate the number of
 potential mates of Anolis sagrei lizards from their movement behavior, and
 used genetic paternity assignments to quantify sexual selection on males.
 Females frequently encountered and mated with multiple males, offering
 ample opportunity for female mate choice. Sexual selection favored males
 that were bigger and moved over larger areas, though the effect of body
 size cannot be disentangled from last-male precedence. Our approach
 corroborates some patterns of sexual selection previously hypothesized in
 anoles based on describing them as territorial, whereas other results,
 including female multiple mating itself, are at odds with territorial
 polygyny, offering insight into discrepancies in other taxa between
 behavioral and genetic descriptions of mating systems.
description: pointsfile of all locations
 mapped in a population of Anolis sagrei in Gainesville FL, with X and Y
 coordinates, Point Name, and Indexlocfile of observations of
 Anolis sagrei lizards in a population in Gainesville FL, with ID, point
 (location) names, and hour of observation. hour is within day (0800 to
 2000), nighttime excluded. Time is in decimal not
 minutes.sexsex of marked
 individuals in sampled population of Anolis sagrei lizards in Gainesville,
 FLsvlinitial snout-vent
 length (SVL) for male Anolis sagrei lizards in the sampled population in
 Gainesville, FLfsvlinitial snout-vent
 length (SVL) for female Anolis sagrei lizards in the sampled population in
 Gainesville, FLgrowthfile for estimating male
 growth rates of Anolis sagrei in the sampled population in Gainesville,
 FL, from recaptures, with L1=first SVL, L2=next SVL, and D=the number of
 days between them.eggslist of female Anolis
 sagrei lizards in the sampled population from whom eggs were
 collectedoffmomlist of offspring IDs
 and their mothers from the sampled population of Anolis sagrei lizards in
 Gainesville FL; offspring were laid in the laboratory, with known
 mothers.paternitylist of fathers assigned to offspring from sequencing 6 microsatellite loci, and estimating paternity in CERVUS.20170706 KamathLosos anolis movtR Script for all analyses conducted in this paper.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.15v00
title: Data from: Allelic diversity for neutral markers retains a higher adaptive potential for quantitative traits than expected heterozygosity

description: The adaptive potential of a population depends on the amount of additive
 genetic variance for quantitative traits of evolutionary importance. This
 variance is a direct function of the expected frequency of heterozygotes
 for the loci which affect the trait (QTL). It has been argued, but not
 demonstrated experimentally, that long-term response to selection is more
 dependent on QTL allelic diversity than on QTL heterozygosity.
 Conservation programmes, aimed at preserving this variation, usually rely
 on neutral markers rather than on quantitative traits for making decisions
 on management. Here, we address, both through simulation analyses and
 experimental studies with Drosophila melanogaster, the question of whether
 allelic diversity for neutral markers is a better indicator of a high
 adaptive potential than expected heterozygosity. In both experimental and
 simulation studies, we established synthetic populations for which either
 heterozygosity or allelic diversity was maximized using information from
 QTL (simulations) or unlinked neutral markers (simulations and
 experiment). The synthetic populations were selected for the quantitative
 trait to evaluate the evolutionary potential provided by the two
 optimization methods. Our results show that maximizing the number of
 alleles of a low number of markers implies higher responses to selection
 than maximizing their heterozygosity.
description: Genotypes_Lines_Base_PopulationGenotypes_Synthetic_Populations
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9003kb0
title: Data from: The costs of kleptoparasitism: a study of mixed-species seabird breeding colonies

description: Mixed-species assemblages are common in nature, providing mutual benefits
 to associating species including anti-predator advantages or resource
 facilitation. However, associating with other species may also impose
 costs through kleptoparasitism (food theft). Identification of these
 costs, and how they vary when different species breed alongside one
 another, is essential to understand the payoffs of mixed-species
 assemblages. We explore the costs of kleptoparasitism for greater crested
 terns Thalasseus bergii provisioning offspring at a single-species colony,
 where individuals suffer kleptoparasitism from conspecifics, and at a
 mixed colony where terns breed alongside Hartlaub’s gulls Chroicocephalus
 hartlaubii and are vulnerable to both intra- and interspecific
 kleptoparasitism. Gull presence increased both kleptoparasitic attacks and
 the proportion of prey lost or stolen during provisioning, relative to the
 single-species colony. Provisioning adults suffered additional energetic
 costs in response to gull kleptoparasitism, requiring more attempts to
 deliver prey, taking longer to do so, and swallowing more prey (to the
 detriment of their offspring). Gulls also increased the duration of tern
 vulnerability to kleptoparasitism, because they continued to steal food
 from adults and chicks after precocial chicks left the nest, when
 intraspecific kleptoparasitism is negligible. Terns breeding in a mixed
 colony therefore suffer direct and indirect costs through decreased
 provisioning and increased provisioning effort, which may ultimately
 impact reproductive success, resulting in colony decline where
 kleptoparasitism is frequent. This study illustrates how forming a
 mixed-species seabird breeding assemblage has costs as well as benefits,
 potentially fluctuating between a parasitic and a mutualistic
 relationship.
description: GLMMs R
 codesGLMMs R
 codesT-TEST & Anova R
 codesPaired T-test &
 Anova csv filesGLMM csv
 files