cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992141.v1
title: Brazilian science communication research: national and international contributions

description: ABSTRACT Science communication has emerged as a new field over the last 50 years, and its progress has been marked by a rise in jobs, training courses, research, associations, conferences and publications. This paper describes science communication internationally and the trends and challenges it faces, before looking at the national level. We have documented science communication activities in Brazil, the training courses, research, financial support and associations/societies. By analyzing the publication of papers, dissertations and theses we have tracked the growth of this field, and compared the level of activity in Brazil with other countries. Brazil has boosted its national research publications since 2002, with a bigger contribution from postgraduate programs in education and communication, but compared to its national research activity Brazil has only a small international presence in science communication. The language barrier, the tradition of publishing in national journals and the solid roots in education are some of the reasons for that. Brazil could improve its international participation, first by considering collaborations within Latin America. International publication is dominated by the USA and the UK. There is a need to take science communication to the next level by developing more sophisticated tools for conceptualizing and analyzing science communication, and Brazil can be part of that.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992129
title: Development of an aerobic granular sludge bioreactor for simulated wastewater treatment and system reactivation after prolonged shutdown

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to produce aerobic granular sludge in a non-tubular sequencing batch reactor, which is an unusual geometry in these systems. This reactor was inoculated with activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The reactor was operated in cycles of six hours, with five hours of fully aerobic reaction. The simulated wastewater contained a starch derivative used in the textile industry. Granulation was induced by gradually reducing the settling time; therefore, this is a critical parameter of the system. After stabilization, with a sedimentation time of 3 minutes, a Sludge Volume Index after 30 minutes of settling of 25 mL.gSST-1, a biomass concentration of 7 gTSS.L-1 and a Chemical Oxygen Demand removal of 88% were obtained. The granules were stored wet for 7 months at 4 and 25ºC, yielding exceptional results in the re-start of the reactor, with rapid recovery of their sedimentation characteristics, growth rate, and granular structure and integrity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992132
title: Neo-Malthusianism and eugenics in the struggle over meaning in the Spanish anarchist press, 1900-1936

description: Abstract This article analyzes the debate on neo-Malthusianism and eugenics in Spanish anarchist publications in the first third of the last century. Using theoretical frameworks that have been under-utilized thus far, it provides new interpretations of what the term “eugenics” meant in pro-anarchist neo-Malthusian journals. Framed within a “struggle over meaning,” Spanish neo-Malthusianism re-signified eugenic ideas in an attempt to recover political ground that had been lost in the drive to promote individual control of human sexuality. This study also analyzes the role of the anarcho-syndicalist movement’s “direct action” strategy, in which actions undertaken by individualist anarchists were seen as a complement to revolutionary action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992129.v1
title: Development of an aerobic granular sludge bioreactor for simulated wastewater treatment and system reactivation after prolonged shutdown

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to produce aerobic granular sludge in a non-tubular sequencing batch reactor, which is an unusual geometry in these systems. This reactor was inoculated with activated sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The reactor was operated in cycles of six hours, with five hours of fully aerobic reaction. The simulated wastewater contained a starch derivative used in the textile industry. Granulation was induced by gradually reducing the settling time; therefore, this is a critical parameter of the system. After stabilization, with a sedimentation time of 3 minutes, a Sludge Volume Index after 30 minutes of settling of 25 mL.gSST-1, a biomass concentration of 7 gTSS.L-1 and a Chemical Oxygen Demand removal of 88% were obtained. The granules were stored wet for 7 months at 4 and 25ºC, yielding exceptional results in the re-start of the reactor, with rapid recovery of their sedimentation characteristics, growth rate, and granular structure and integrity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992126
title: Multiple bee stings, multiple organs involved: a case report

description: Abstract Accidents related to Africanized honey bees are growing globally and are associated with multiple stings owing to the aggressive behavior of this species. The massive inoculation of venom causes skin necrosis and rhabdomyolysis leading to renal failure. Anaphylactic manifestations are more common and are treated using well-defined treatment protocols. However, bee venom-induced toxic reactions may be serious and require a different approach. We report the case of a 3-year-old child, which would help clinicians to focus on the treatment approach required after an incident involving multiple bee stings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992126.v1
title: Multiple bee stings, multiple organs involved: a case report

description: Abstract Accidents related to Africanized honey bees are growing globally and are associated with multiple stings owing to the aggressive behavior of this species. The massive inoculation of venom causes skin necrosis and rhabdomyolysis leading to renal failure. Anaphylactic manifestations are more common and are treated using well-defined treatment protocols. However, bee venom-induced toxic reactions may be serious and require a different approach. We report the case of a 3-year-old child, which would help clinicians to focus on the treatment approach required after an incident involving multiple bee stings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992120
title: Tracking false-negative results in molecular diagnosis: proposal of a triplex-PCR based method for leishmaniasis diagnosis

description: Background : Molecular biological methods have become increasingly relevant to the diagnosis and control of infectious diseases, such as leishmaniasis. Since various factors may affect the sensitivity of PCR assays, including DNA yield and purity, an optimal extraction method is pivotal. Losses of a parasite’s DNA during extraction may significantly impair its detection by PCR and lead to false-negative results. This study proposes a triplex PCR assay targeting the parasite’s DNA, an external control (pUC18) and an internal control (G3PD) for accurate diagnosis of leishmaniasis.Results : Two primer pairs were designed to detect the plasmid pUC18 and a triplex PCR assay targeting theLeishmania braziliensiskinetoplast DNA, the external control and the internal control was standardized. The triplex PCR assay was assessed for its ability to detect the three target DNA fragments simultaneously. PCR products from pUC18 DNA resulted in bands of 368 (P1) and 316 (P2) base pairs (bp). The triplex PCR optimized with the chosen external control system (P1) allowed the simultaneous detection of the internal control (G3PD – 567 bp) as well as of small quantities (10 pg) of the target parasite’s DNA, detected by amplification of a 138 bp product.Conclusions : The new tool standardized herein enables a more reliable interpretation of PCR results, mainly by contributing to quality assurance of leishmaniasis diagnosis. Furthermore, after simple standardization steps, this protocol could be applied to the diagnosis of other infectious diseases in reference laboratories. This triplex PCR enables the assessment of small losses during the DNA extraction process, problems concerning DNA degradation (sample quality) and the detection ofL. braziliensiskDNA.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992120.v1
title: Tracking false-negative results in molecular diagnosis: proposal of a triplex-PCR based method for leishmaniasis diagnosis

description: Background : Molecular biological methods have become increasingly relevant to the diagnosis and control of infectious diseases, such as leishmaniasis. Since various factors may affect the sensitivity of PCR assays, including DNA yield and purity, an optimal extraction method is pivotal. Losses of a parasite’s DNA during extraction may significantly impair its detection by PCR and lead to false-negative results. This study proposes a triplex PCR assay targeting the parasite’s DNA, an external control (pUC18) and an internal control (G3PD) for accurate diagnosis of leishmaniasis.Results : Two primer pairs were designed to detect the plasmid pUC18 and a triplex PCR assay targeting theLeishmania braziliensiskinetoplast DNA, the external control and the internal control was standardized. The triplex PCR assay was assessed for its ability to detect the three target DNA fragments simultaneously. PCR products from pUC18 DNA resulted in bands of 368 (P1) and 316 (P2) base pairs (bp). The triplex PCR optimized with the chosen external control system (P1) allowed the simultaneous detection of the internal control (G3PD – 567 bp) as well as of small quantities (10 pg) of the target parasite’s DNA, detected by amplification of a 138 bp product.Conclusions : The new tool standardized herein enables a more reliable interpretation of PCR results, mainly by contributing to quality assurance of leishmaniasis diagnosis. Furthermore, after simple standardization steps, this protocol could be applied to the diagnosis of other infectious diseases in reference laboratories. This triplex PCR enables the assessment of small losses during the DNA extraction process, problems concerning DNA degradation (sample quality) and the detection ofL. braziliensiskDNA.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992111
title: Evaluation of embryotoxic and embryostatic effects of the aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle and tannic acid on eggs and larvae of Aedes aegypti

description: ABSTRACT Rhizophora mangle is an abundant plant in mangroves and tannic acid is a polyphenol produced by the secondary metabolism of plants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and embriostatic effects of the aqueous extract of R. mangle and synthetic tannic acid on eggs and larvae of Aedes aegypti. A. aegypti eggs were exposed in duplicate at concentrations of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL of extract and tannic acid for a period of 14 days. Mineral water was used as a negative control. The eggs were observed and counted in a stereomicroscope (1.2x). In all extract concentrations there was stimulation in hatching in relation to the control, but only in concentration of 750 mg/mL it was statistically significant. In tannic acid (250µg/ml) there was significant stimulus in hatching, but in 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL there was significant inhibition. All concentrations of aqueous extract and tannic acid on larvae showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects when compared to the control. The aqueous extract of R. mangle showed effect on hatching of A. aegypti eggs and synthetic tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects. On larvae, both the aqueous extract as tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992108
title: Simulating Intermediate Crack Debonding on RC Beams Strengthened with Hybrid Methods

description: Abstract The externally bonded (EB) and the near-surface mounted (NSM) are two well-known methods for strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Both methods are unfortunately prone to fail prematurely through debonding when the amount of strengthening reinforcement provided is high. In response to this, a hybrid method that combines the EB and NSM method was introduced. The method allows the amount of reinforcement needed for EB and NSM methods to be reduced; this, in theory, should lower the interfacial stresses, thus reducing the possibility of debonding failures. While debonding failure can be prevented, certain amounts of debonding would still occur through the interfacial crack (IC) debonding mechanism which can affect the strength and stiffness of hybrid strengthened beams even if it does not directly cause failure. This paper presents a method to simulate IC debonding of hybrid strengthened beams using the moment-rotation approach. The proposed method allows a better prediction of maximum load and stiffness of the beams. The method is also less dependent on empirical formulations compared to the commonly used moment-curvature approach; this allows the method to be applicable to all material and shape of hybrid strengthening reinforcement, assuming correct material models are used. The proposed method was then used to perform parametric studies; among the important findings is the length of IC debonding tend to increase when FRP sheet with higher elastic modulus is used, thus negating most of the benefit from the higher modulus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992111.v1
title: Evaluation of embryotoxic and embryostatic effects of the aqueous extract of Rhizophora mangle and tannic acid on eggs and larvae of Aedes aegypti

description: ABSTRACT Rhizophora mangle is an abundant plant in mangroves and tannic acid is a polyphenol produced by the secondary metabolism of plants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and embriostatic effects of the aqueous extract of R. mangle and synthetic tannic acid on eggs and larvae of Aedes aegypti. A. aegypti eggs were exposed in duplicate at concentrations of 250, 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL of extract and tannic acid for a period of 14 days. Mineral water was used as a negative control. The eggs were observed and counted in a stereomicroscope (1.2x). In all extract concentrations there was stimulation in hatching in relation to the control, but only in concentration of 750 mg/mL it was statistically significant. In tannic acid (250µg/ml) there was significant stimulus in hatching, but in 500, 750 and 1000 µg/mL there was significant inhibition. All concentrations of aqueous extract and tannic acid on larvae showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects when compared to the control. The aqueous extract of R. mangle showed effect on hatching of A. aegypti eggs and synthetic tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects. On larvae, both the aqueous extract as tannic acid showed embryotoxic and embryostatic effects.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992105
title: Green speciation of iron using aqueous two-phase system

description: Abstract Fe(II) and Fe(III) have distinct chemical and biological functions. Consequently, it is more important to determine the fraction of both oxidation state that knowing the total iron concentration in a sample. However, green methods for iron speciation are still limited. This work uses aqueous two-phase system, a safe alternative to liquid–liquid extraction, to perform the chemical speciation of iron. This method is based on the reaction of Fe(II) with 1,10-phenanthroline extractant, forming a complex of Fe(II)-phenanthroline that concentrates in the top phase of the system. The Fe(III) specie concentrated in the bottom phase of the system. Iron speciation was affected by the electrolyte nature, macromolecule type, quantity of phenanthroline added, and pH. The system formed by PEO1500 + Na3C6H5O7 + H2O at pH 6.00, containing 5.00 mmol kg-1 of phenanthroline, was successfully used to separate the iron species before determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Under these optimal conditions, a separation factor of 233 was obtained between Fe(II) and Fe(III) with extraction percentages of (95.1 ± 1.0)% and (7.68 ± 0.50)%, respectively The proposed method was successfully applied for iron speciation in water samples, and provided recovery percentages ranging between 90 and 106%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992108.v1
title: Simulating Intermediate Crack Debonding on RC Beams Strengthened with Hybrid Methods

description: Abstract The externally bonded (EB) and the near-surface mounted (NSM) are two well-known methods for strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Both methods are unfortunately prone to fail prematurely through debonding when the amount of strengthening reinforcement provided is high. In response to this, a hybrid method that combines the EB and NSM method was introduced. The method allows the amount of reinforcement needed for EB and NSM methods to be reduced; this, in theory, should lower the interfacial stresses, thus reducing the possibility of debonding failures. While debonding failure can be prevented, certain amounts of debonding would still occur through the interfacial crack (IC) debonding mechanism which can affect the strength and stiffness of hybrid strengthened beams even if it does not directly cause failure. This paper presents a method to simulate IC debonding of hybrid strengthened beams using the moment-rotation approach. The proposed method allows a better prediction of maximum load and stiffness of the beams. The method is also less dependent on empirical formulations compared to the commonly used moment-curvature approach; this allows the method to be applicable to all material and shape of hybrid strengthening reinforcement, assuming correct material models are used. The proposed method was then used to perform parametric studies; among the important findings is the length of IC debonding tend to increase when FRP sheet with higher elastic modulus is used, thus negating most of the benefit from the higher modulus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992102
title: Influence of rainfall intensity on the production of runoff on ceramic tile roofs: laboratory experiments under simulated rainfall

description: ABSTRACT Rainwater harvesting consists on the collection of runoff from low permeable surfaces, as roofs and streets. Designing these systems is often based on pluviometer data and not on pluviograph data, therefore they do not consider crucial data on the amount of rainwater available to harvesting. Laboratory experiments were conducted by simulating low, moderate and high intensity rainfall on a ceramic tile roof. Results shown that rainfall intensities between 12.8 and 61.6 mm h-1 (moderate to high intensity) lead to runoff coefficients greater than 0.9, while for rainfall low intensities (lower than 1.2 mm h-1), the runoff coefficient drastically decreased, reaching values of zero for rainfall intensities lower than 0.25 mm h-1. In conclusion, for the simulated experimental conditions, water absorption of the ceramic tiles is more significant on the runoff for very low rainfall intensities than the strong or moderate rainfall intensities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992105.v1
title: Green speciation of iron using aqueous two-phase system

description: Abstract Fe(II) and Fe(III) have distinct chemical and biological functions. Consequently, it is more important to determine the fraction of both oxidation state that knowing the total iron concentration in a sample. However, green methods for iron speciation are still limited. This work uses aqueous two-phase system, a safe alternative to liquid–liquid extraction, to perform the chemical speciation of iron. This method is based on the reaction of Fe(II) with 1,10-phenanthroline extractant, forming a complex of Fe(II)-phenanthroline that concentrates in the top phase of the system. The Fe(III) specie concentrated in the bottom phase of the system. Iron speciation was affected by the electrolyte nature, macromolecule type, quantity of phenanthroline added, and pH. The system formed by PEO1500 + Na3C6H5O7 + H2O at pH 6.00, containing 5.00 mmol kg-1 of phenanthroline, was successfully used to separate the iron species before determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Under these optimal conditions, a separation factor of 233 was obtained between Fe(II) and Fe(III) with extraction percentages of (95.1 ± 1.0)% and (7.68 ± 0.50)%, respectively The proposed method was successfully applied for iron speciation in water samples, and provided recovery percentages ranging between 90 and 106%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992096
title: Chemical constituents of apolar fractions from fruit latex of twelve Clusia species (Clusiaceae)

description: Abstract The apolar fractions components of fruit latex of twelve species of Clusia belonging to four different taxonomic sections were examined by GC-MS. The latex of Clusia is characterised by large amounts of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as major constituents like germacrene D: C. paralicola (44.28 %), C. criuva subsp. criuva (29.03 %); β-caryophyllene: C. fluminensis (35.61 %), C. lanceolata (36.39 %), C. hilariana (58.10 %); α-trans-bergamontene: C. spirictus-sanctensis (36.30 %); α-bulnesene: C. weddelliana (25.61 %); bicyclogermacrene: C. panapanari (25.93 %) and trans-β-farnesene: C. nemorosa (24.63 %), while C. grandiflora is composed of 42.16 % monoterpene hydrocarbons. Verbenone (31.91 %) was the major component. In contrast, C. rosea, C. grandiflora, C. lanceolata and C. criuva subsp. parviflora are rich in 3-methylcyclohexanone (19.56 %), hexadecanol (22.72 %), p-anisaldehyde (23.39 %) and octadecanol (26.81 %), respectively. This study suggests considerable chemical variation among the non-polar fractions of fruit latex of the twelve Clusia species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992096.v1
title: Chemical constituents of apolar fractions from fruit latex of twelve Clusia species (Clusiaceae)

description: Abstract The apolar fractions components of fruit latex of twelve species of Clusia belonging to four different taxonomic sections were examined by GC-MS. The latex of Clusia is characterised by large amounts of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as major constituents like germacrene D: C. paralicola (44.28 %), C. criuva subsp. criuva (29.03 %); β-caryophyllene: C. fluminensis (35.61 %), C. lanceolata (36.39 %), C. hilariana (58.10 %); α-trans-bergamontene: C. spirictus-sanctensis (36.30 %); α-bulnesene: C. weddelliana (25.61 %); bicyclogermacrene: C. panapanari (25.93 %) and trans-β-farnesene: C. nemorosa (24.63 %), while C. grandiflora is composed of 42.16 % monoterpene hydrocarbons. Verbenone (31.91 %) was the major component. In contrast, C. rosea, C. grandiflora, C. lanceolata and C. criuva subsp. parviflora are rich in 3-methylcyclohexanone (19.56 %), hexadecanol (22.72 %), p-anisaldehyde (23.39 %) and octadecanol (26.81 %), respectively. This study suggests considerable chemical variation among the non-polar fractions of fruit latex of the twelve Clusia species.