cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kwh70rz0m
title: More than DNA methylation: does pleiotropy drive the complex pattern of evolution of Dnmt1?

description: DNA methylation is an important chromatin modification that can stably
 alter gene expression in cells and maintain genome integrity in plants and
 vertebrates. The function of DNA methylation outside of these well-studied
 systems, however, is unclear. Insects, in particular, represent an
 understudied group. Variation in the level of DNA methylation and gains
 and losses in the maintenance methyltransferase, DNMT1, across the insect
 tree of life suggests that there is much we don’t understand about DMNT1
 function and evolution. One constant across the studies examining patterns
 of Dnmt1 expression in insects is that expression is consistently high in
 reproductive tissues compared to somatic tissue. The explanation for this
 has been that DNMT1 is required in tissues that have high levels of cell
 division. Our previous study found that downregulation of Dnmt1 expression
 in the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus results in the expected reduction
 of DNA methylation, no global changes in gene expression reflecting
 changes in DNA methylation, and the loss of the ability to produce viable
 oocytes. Here, we show that females treated with ds-Dnmt1 RNA during
 larval development have a more extreme phenotype; they lack oocytes
 entirely but develop a normal somatic ovary. Our results indicate a
 specific role for DNMT1 in the formation of gametes and are consistent
 with data from other systems, including Tribolium castaneum, a species
 does not have DNA methylation. We propose that DNMT1 has multiple
 functional roles in addition to methylating DNA, which explains its
 complex patterns of evolution.
description: See introductory materials in spreadsheets.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fbg79cnrj
title: Support for the habitat amount hypothesis from a global synthesis of species density studies

description: Decades of research suggest that species richness depends on spatial
 characteristics of habitat patches, especially their size and isolation.
 In contrast, the habitat amount hypothesis predicts that: 1) species
 richness in plots of fixed size (species density) is more strongly and
 positively related to the amount of habitat around the plot than to patch
 size or isolation; 2) habitat amount better predicts species density than
 patch size and isolation combined, 3) there is no effect of habitat
 fragmentation per se on species density; and 4) patch size and isolation
 effects do not become stronger with declining habitat amount. Data on
 eight taxonomic groups from 35 studies around the world support these
 predictions. Conserving species density requires minimizing habitat loss,
 irrespective of the configuration of the patches in which that habitat is
 contained.
description: See Watling et al. 'Support for the habitat amount
 hypothesis from a global synthesis of species density studies' for
 complete methods.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.r67ac7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1387 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "PublishingOrg is one of (c2ecae57-6701-485e-9ebd-5f87b2945cb2, f9b67ad0-9c9b-11d9-b9db-b8a03c50a862, 6ea87510-0561-11d8-b851-b8a03c50a862)",
 "TaxonKey is Melanoplus confusus",
 "Year 1900-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1387 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002167-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pnvx0k6hv
title: Time trends and associated factors of axial length in 4 and 5 year-olds children in Shanghai from 2013 to 2019

description: Purpose: To evaluate time trends of axial length (AL) in 4 and 5 year-olds
 children, and to assess factors associated with AL in Shanghai from 2013
 to 2019. Methods: This was a 7-year observational study of children of 4
 and 5 year-olds in Shanghai. AL, horizontal and vertical corneal
 curvature, spherical equivalent (SE), body height and weight were
 measured. Furthermore, a questionnaire was collected including time
 outdoors and bad habits of using eyes. Results: No significant differences
 were found in AL (P = 0.526) in 4 year-olds children, whereas significant
 differences were observed in SE (P = 0.001), horizontal corneal curvature
 (P = 0.006), vertical corneal curvature (P = 0.004), height (P &lt;
 0.001) and weight (P = 0.022) from 2013 to 2019. No significant
 differences were found in AL (P = 0.304), SE (P = 0.200) and weight (P =
 0.292) in 5 year-olds children, whereas significant differences were
 observed in horizontal corneal curvature (P = 0.040), vertical corneal
 curvature (P = 0.015), and height (P &lt; 0.001) from 2013 to 2019.
 Multivariate analyses revealed that AL was associated significantly with
 boys (P &lt; 0.001) and time outdoors (P &lt; 0.001) in all the 4
 year-olds children, with boys (P &lt; 0.001) and time outdoors (P =
 0.014) in all the 5 year-olds children. Conclusions: ALs of 4 and 5
 year-olds children remain relatively stable in Shanghai from 2013 to 2019.
 Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the relationship between AL
 elongation and environmental risk factors.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79cnp5hrs
title: Influence of local density and sex ratio on pollination in an ambophilous flowering plant

description: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Variation in local density and sex ratio in
 dioecious plants can affect mating success through the actions of pollen
 vectors, principally generalist insects or wind. Increased density and
 male-biased sex ratios should promote pollen transfer and seed production,
 but their combined effects have not been investigated for ambophilous
 species, which exhibit both insect and wind pollination. METHODS: We
 manipulated density (low vs. high) and sex ratio (1:1 vs. 3:1 male-biased)
 in arrays of dioecious ambophilous Thalictrum pubescens. We quantified
 visitation rates and foraging time to examine whether pollinators
 exhibited sex-specific preferences and determined the seed set of
 arrays.        KEY RESULTS: Pollinators visited more plants per foraging bout at high than low density. Visitation rates and foraging times of visitors were greater for male than female plants but did not depend on the density or sex ratio of arrays. However, whereas solitary bees displayed a strong preference for males, hover flies were indifferent to plant sex phenotype. Solitary bees also visited significantly more plants per foraging bout than hover flies. There was a significant interaction between density and sex ratio on seed set. At low density, seed set was greater for 1:1 than 3:1 arrays, but at high density the opposite pattern occurred.   CONCLUSIONS: The demographic factors we investigated had complex influences on pollinator foraging behavior and patterns of seed set. Several factors may explain our results including the influence of density and sex ratio on pollen export from arrays, grooming by pollinators and the contribution of wind pollination.
description: See Readme.txt for description of work sheets, columns and
 abbreviations used.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9s4mw6mc2
title: Bridging the flux gap: sap flow measurements reveal species-specific patterns of water-use in a tallgrass prairie

description: Predicting the hydrological consequences following changes in grassland
 vegetation type (i.e., woody encroachment) requires an understanding of
 water flux dynamics at high spatiotemporal resolution for predominant
 species within grassland communities. However, grassland fluxes are
 typically measured at the leaf or landscape scale, which inhibits our
 ability to predict how individual species contribute to changing ecosystem
 fluxes. We used external heat balance sap flow sensors and a hierarchical
 Bayesian state-space modeling approach to bridge this “flux-gap” and
 estimate continuous species-level water flux in common tallgrass prairie
 species. Specifically, we asked: 1) How do diurnal and nocturnal water
 fluxes differ among woody and herbaceous plants? (2) How sensitive are
 woody and herbaceous species to environmental drivers of diurnal and
 nocturnal water flux? We highlight three results: (1) Cornus drummondii,
 the primary woody encroacher in this grassland, exhibited the greatest
 canopy-level water loss, (2) nocturnal transpiration was a large component
 of the water lost in this ecosystem and was driven primarily by C4 grasses
 and C. drummondii, and (3) the sensitivity of canopy transpiration to
 environmental drivers varies among plant functional types and throughout a
 24-hour period. Our data reveal important insights regarding the water-use
 strategies of woody versus herbaceous species in tallgrass prairies, and
 about the potential hydrological consequences of ongoing woody
 encroachment. We suggest that the high, static flux rates observed in
 woody species will likely deplete deep water stores over time, potentially
 creating hydrological deficits in grasslands experiencing woody
 encroachment and concomitantly increasing the vulnerability of these
 ecosystems to drought.
description: Please see manuscript for a description of data collection and
 processing.
description: The readme file describes the variables within the .csv data
 files accompanying the above publication. Within each file, each row
 indicates an individual 30-minute time interval, and missing data
 indicated by “NA.”
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.np5hqbzpm
title: Evolution of the speech‐ready brain: The voice/jaw connection in the human motor cortex

description: A prominent model of the origins of speech, known as the “frame/content”
 theory, posits that oscillatory lowering and raising of the jaw provided
 an evolutionary scaffold for the development of syllable structure in
 speech. Because such oscillations are non‐vocal in most non‐human
 primates, the evolution of speech required the addition of vocalization
 onto this scaffold in order to turn such jaw oscillations into vocalized
 syllables. In the present functional MRI study, we demonstrate overlapping
 somatotopic representations between the larynx and the jaw muscles in the
 human primary motor cortex. This proximity between the larynx and jaw in
 the brain might support the coupling between vocalization and jaw
 oscillations to generate syllable structure. This model suggests that
 humans inherited voluntary control of jaw oscillations from ancestral
 species, but added voluntary control of vocalization onto this via the
 evolution of a new brain area that came to be situated near the jaw region
 in the human motor cortex.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mcdht5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2842 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Abrus precatorius",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2842 records from 241 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002168-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.7280/d1r085
title: Impact of calving dynamics on Kangilernata Sermia, Greenland

description: Iceberg calving is a major component of glacier mass ablation that is not
 well understood due to a lack of detailed temporal and spatial
 observations. Here, we measure glacier speed and surface elevation at
 3-minute interval, 5 meter spacing, using a portable radar interferometer
 at Kangilernata Sermia, Greenland in July 2016. We detect a 20% diurnal
 variation in glacier speed peaking at high spring tide when basal drag is
 high and lowering at neap tide. We find no speed up from ice shedding off
 the calving face or the detachment of floating ice blocks, but observe a
 30% speedup that persist for weeks when calving removes grounded ice
 blocks. Within one ice thickness from the calving front, we detect strain
 rates 2 to 3 times larger than observable from satellite data, which has
 implications for studying calving processes.
description: Please see README.txt for details about data files.
DOI: 10.5068/d1kq1z
title: Age and location influence the costs of compensatory and accelerated growth in a hibernating mammal

description: The increase of structural growth rates to compensate for a poor initial
 body condition, defined as compensatory growth, may have physiological
 costs, but little is known about its effects on individual fitness in the
 wild. Yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer) are obligate
 hibernators and depend on fat accumulation acquired during an
 approximately 4-month summer to survive overwinter. We investigated the
 costs to survival and longevity of rapid growth in a wild population of
 yellow-bellied marmots. We used trapping data collected from 2002-2014 to
 calculate individual relative seasonal growth and assess its effects on
 longevity and annual survival of juveniles, yearlings, and adults. Sites
 were distributed in two main areas, down- and up-valley; the latter has
 higher elevation and is an overall harsher environment. We found that
 relative seasonal growth had no effect on individual longevity or on
 juvenile and adult annual survival. For yearlings, the effect of relative
 seasonal growth on survival depended upon location: yearlings with high
 relative seasonal growth had lower survival if located up-valley, and
 higher survival if located down-valley. In conclusion, juveniles and
 adults do not appear to have detectable costs of rapid growth, although
 there are costs to yearling survival depending upon environmental
 conditions. Substantial structural growth occurs when marmots are
 yearlings and our results are likely driven by the high conflicting
 demands of somatic growth vs. maintenance at this stage. Thus, the costs
 of rapid growth are age- and site- dependent and may be seen in the
 short-term for species facing temporal constraints on growth.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9p8cz8wc8
title: Data from: An enhanced target-enrichment bait set for Hexacorallia provides phylogenomic resolution of the staghorn corals (Acroporidae) and close relatives

description: Targeted enrichment of genomic DNA can profoundly increase the
 phylogenetic resolution of clades and inform taxonomy. Here, we redesign a
 custom bait set previously developed for the cnidarian class Anthozoa to
 more efficiently target and capture ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and
 exonic loci within the subclass Hexacorallia. We test this enhanced bait
 set (targeting 2,476 loci) on 99 specimens of scleractinian corals
 spanning both the “complex” (Acroporidae, Agariciidae) and “robust”
 (Fungiidae) clades.Focused sampling in the staghorn corals
 (genus Acropora)highlights the ability of sequence capture to
 inform the taxonomy of a clade previously deficient in molecular
 resolution. A mean of 1850 (± 298) loci were captured per taxon (955 UCEs,
 894 exons), and a 75% complete concatenated alignment of 96 samples
 included 1792 loci (991 UCE, 801 exons) and ~1.87 million base pairs.
 Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses recovered robust molecular
 relationships and revealed that species-level relationships within
 the Acroporaare incongruent with traditional morphological
 groupings. Both UCE and exon datasets delineated six well-supported clades
 within Acropora.The enhanced bait set will facilitate
 investigations of the evolutionary history of many important groups of
 reef corals, particularly where previous molecular marker development has
 been unsuccessful.
description: <strong>Cowman_etal_Hexa_v2_PROBE_SETS</strong><br> Two .fasta files with the designed baits for hexacoral target-capture enrichment. One file contains all Hexacoral specific baits (hexa-v2: 25,514 baits targeting 2,499 loci)  and the other contains a subset of bait for Scleractinian (hexa-v2-scleractinia:16,263 baits targeting 2,497 loci). Baits designed against transcriptomes have “design: hexatrans” in the .fasta headers. Potential Symbiodinium loci have been removed. <strong>Cowman_etal_ALIGNMENTS</strong><br> .phylip formatted alignment files for 75% and 95% taxon occupancies. Loci are concatenated. There are separate folders and files alignments containing all loci, uce loci only, and exon (trans) loci only for both 75% and 95% matrices. Each alignment also has associated “.charset” indicating loci partitions. <strong>Cowman_etal_TREES</strong><br> Contains nexus formatted tree files corresponding to RAxML reconstruction with rapid bootstrap for each alignment type and an ExaBayes analysis for the combines UCE/exon 95% occupancy matrix. Tree contain nexus label translation tables.<br>
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18394656
title: THE ROLE OF MINT IN MEDICINE

description: This article discusses the role of the mint (Mentha) plant in folk medicine, its healing properties and areas of application in traditional medicine. The chemical composition of mint, rich in biologically active substances, in particular the effect of essential oils and menthol on the body, is analyzed. Experiences in using mint in folk medicine for gastrointestinal diseases, colds, nervous system disorders, headaches and normalization of heart function are presented. Special attention is also paid to the methods of preparing mint tincture and tea and precautions for use. The article scientifically and practically substantiates the importance of the mint plant in folk medicine.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18394655
title: THE ROLE OF MINT IN MEDICINE

description: This article discusses the role of the mint (Mentha) plant in folk medicine, its healing properties and areas of application in traditional medicine. The chemical composition of mint, rich in biologically active substances, in particular the effect of essential oils and menthol on the body, is analyzed. Experiences in using mint in folk medicine for gastrointestinal diseases, colds, nervous system disorders, headaches and normalization of heart function are presented. Special attention is also paid to the methods of preparing mint tincture and tea and precautions for use. The article scientifically and practically substantiates the importance of the mint plant in folk medicine.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x3ffbg7f9
title: Data from: Insect pollinators show constancy for different flower traits between the most‐ and less‐preferred plants: a case study of the long‐proboscid tangle‐veined fly

description: 1. The coevolution of insect pollinators and their host plants is a
 typical example of natural selection; however, it remains unclear as to
 how insect pollinators avoid overdependence on one peculiar plant. As most
 insect pollinators exhibit a diet breadth when showing flower constancy,
 to determine the difference and similarity of most and less-preferred
 flowers by insect pollinators may be helpful to understand their trade-off
 between flower constancy and overdependence. 2. We addressed this question
 in the long-proboscid tangle-veined fly (Nemetrinus spp.). Dietary
 investigation indicates that the flies show constancy for the
 morphological characteristic of the Delphinium caeruleum, which is the
 most preferred plant for this Nemestrinidae fly that has blue, long-tubed
 flowers. 3. In a colour selection experiment, focal individuals showed
 obvious preference for white, which is the colour of less-preferred
 flowers by the fly in the natural environment. In a scent selection
 experiment, focal individuals showed obvious preference for D. caeruleum
 and Dracocephalum heterophyllum, but avoidance to Dasiphora fruticosa and
 Dasiphora davurica. This indicates that long-proboscid tangle-veined flies
 can forage on other flowers, even the existing of constancy for D.
 caeruleum, as long as they do not hate the scent. It seems that
 long-proboscid tangle-veined flies can maximize foraging efficiency by
 showing constancy for the morphological characteristic of the most
 preferred plant and for the scent and colour of less-preferred plants. 4.
 The tradeoff of long-proboscid tangle-veined fly in selection of nectar
 sources may be an adaptation to the risk of overdependence on one plant in
 evolution.
description: We have collected the dataset in the field. It has not been
 processed.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9kd51c5d1
title: Diapause is not selected as a bet-hedging strategy in insects: a meta-analysis of reaction norm shapes

description: Many organisms escape from lethal climatological conditions by entering a
 resistant resting stage called diapause, and it is essential that this
 strategy remains optimally timed with seasonal change. Climate change
 therefore exerts selection pressure on phenology, which is expected to
 cause the evolution of mean diapause timing, but also phenotypic
 plasticity and bet-hedging strategies. Especially the latter as a strategy
 to cope with unpredictability is so far little considered in the context
 of climate change, and it is unknown whether it can readily evolve.
 Contemporary patterns of phenological strategies across a geographic range
 may provide information about their evolvability. We thus extracted 458
 diapause reaction norms from 60 studies. First, we correlated mean
 diapause timing with mean winter onset. Then we partitioned the reaction
 norm variance into a temporal component (phenotypic plasticity) and
 among-offspring variance (diversified bet-hedging) and correlated this
 variance composition with predictability of winter onset. Contrary to our
 expectation, mean diapause timing correlated only weakly with mean winter
 onset, as populations at high latitudes failed to track early onsets.
 Variance among offspring was also limited and correlated only weakly with
 environmental predictability, indicating little scope for bet-hedging. We
 conclude that constraints may limit the evolution of phenology in a
 rapidly changing climate.
description: This dataset includes literature search results, data extraction
 procedures and analysis scripts for a meta-analysis, in addition scripts
 and outputs of a climate data analysis. All methods can be found in the
 accompanying manuscript (see references), and further information can be
 also found in the readme files in the subfolders of the dataset.
description: The climate data analysis requires the GHCN-Daily dataset from
 the NOAA server. The dataset has to be extracted in the correct subfolder,
 as indicated in the script in subfolder "clim_read"