DOI: 10.25921/rd66-5820
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Global Sea Level Reconstruction using Stacked Records from 0-800 ka

description: Late Pleistocene sea level has been reconstructed from ocean sediment core data using a wide variety of proxies and models. However, the accuracy of individual reconstructions is limited by measurement error, local variations in salinity and temperature, and assumptions particular to each technique. Here we present a sea level stack (average) which increases the signal-to-noise ratio of individual reconstructions. Specifically, we perform principal component analysis (PCA) on seven records from 0-430 ka and five records from 0-798 ka. The first principal component, which we use as the stack, describes ~80% of the variance in the data and is similar using either five or seven records. After scaling the stack based on Holocene and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) sea level estimates, the stack agrees to within 5 m with isostatically adjusted coral sea level estimates for Marine Isotope Stages 5e and 11 (125 and 400 ka, respectively). Bootstrapping and random sampling yield mean uncertainty estimates of 9-12 m (1s) for the scaled stack. Sea level change accounts for about 45% of the total orbital-band variance in benthic d18O, compared to a 65% contribution during the LGM-to-Holocene transition. Additionally, the second and third principal components of our analyses reflect differences between proxy records associated with spatial variations in the d18O of seawater.
description: Late Pleistocene sea level stack based on marine sediment core data (foraminiferal carbonate d18O) as estimated by several different techniques in seven different studies. Sea level stack is a compilation data from the following published sea level reconstructions: Bintanja, R., Roderik, S.W., van de Wal, O. J.: Modeled atmospheric temperatures and global sea levels over the past million years, Nature, 437, 125-128  doi:10.1038/nature03975, 2005. ; Elderfield, H., Ferretti, P., Greaves, M., Crowhurst, S. J., McCave, I.N., Hodell, D. A., Piotrowski, A. M.: Evolution of ocean temperature and ice volume through the Mid-Pleistocene Climate Transition, Science, 337,6095, 704-709, doi:10.1126/science.1221294, 2012.; Rohling, E.J., Grant, K., Bolshaw, M., Roberts, A.P., Siddall, M., Hemleben, C., Kucera, M.: Antarctic temperature and global sea level closely coupled over the past five glacial cycles. Nat. Geosci., 2, 500–504, 2009.; Rohling, E. J., Grant, K.M., Bolshaw, M., Roberts, A. P., Siddall, M., Hemleben C. Kucera, M., Foster, G.L., Marino, G., Roberts, A.P., Tamisiea, M.E., and Williams, F.:  Sea-level and deep-sea-temperature variability over the past 5.3 million years, Nature, 508, 477–482, 2014.; Shakun, J. D., Lea, D. W., Lisiecki, L. E., Raymo, M. E.: An 800-kyr record of global surface ocean d18O and implications for ice volume-temperature coupling, Earth. Planet. Sc. Lett., 426, 58–68, 2015.; Sosdian S., Rosenthal Y.: Deep-Sea Temperature and Ice Volume Changes Across the Pliocene-Pleistocene Climate Transitions, Science, 17, 325, 5938, 306-310, doi: 10.1126/science.1169938, 2009.; Waelbroeck, C., Labeyrie, L.,  Michel, E., Duplessy J.C., McManus J.: Sea-level and deep water temperature changes derived from benthic foraminifera isotopic records, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 21, 295–305, 2002.
      Provided Keywords: sea level, Pleistocene