cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c8m244m
title: Data from: Frequency dependence of pollinator visitation rates suggests that pollination niches can allow plant species coexistence

description: 1. How do many species coexist within a trophic level? Resource niches are
 the classical answer, but in plants which share a small set of abiotic
 resources the possibilities for resource partitioning are limited. One
 possible explanation is that plant species have different pollination
 niches, with each species specialized to a subset of the available animal
 species. If this pollinator partitioning results in negative frequency
 dependence such that each plant species’ reproduction is reduced when it
 becomes abundant, pollination niches could maintain plant diversity,
 provided that the strength of negative frequency dependence is sufficient
 to overcome fitness inequalities between species. 2. We tested this idea
 by quantifying the effect of species relative abundance on pollinator
 visitation rate in a 7000 m² plot of South African Fynbos vegetation. In
 addition, we quantified the effect of intraspecific abundance variation at
 a smaller spatial scale (9 m² plots), documented species’ pollination
 niches and tested the importance of pollinators for seed set in a subset
 of the plant species. 3. We found that visitation rate indeed declined
 sharply across the 33 plant species with increasing abundance, but
 visitation rate was also somewhat depressed in very rare species such that
 the resulting relationship between visitation rate and relative abundance
 was hump-shaped. Pollinator niche partitioning among plant species was
 evident, but less pronounced than in many other studies. Visitation rate
 was slightly higher in more generalized species, suggesting that they have
 access to a larger pollination resource. At the intraspecific level and
 smaller spatial scale, results were less clear and varied among species.
 Pollinators enhanced seed set in most species. 4. Synthesis. The results
 imply that, above an abundance threshold, intraspecific competition for
 pollination could limit the reproduction of common species, thus promoting
 plant species coexistence. However, the rarest plant species could become
 extinct due to pollen limitation, i.e. an Allee effect. In addition,
 interactions with pollinators may introduce frequency-independent fitness
 differences between plant species, thereby increasing the strength of
 negative frequency dependence required for stable coexistence. These
 findings shed new light on the role of the pollination niche in plant
 coexistence.
description: Benadi_Pauw_2018_J_EcolData and code to reproduce the analyses in: Benadi, G. & Pauw, A. (2018) Frequency dependence of pollinator visitation rates suggests that pollination niches can allow plant species coexistence. Journal of Ecology.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5b780
title: Data from: Effects of species diversity on fine root productivity increase with stand development and associated mechanisms in a boreal forest

description: There is a growing interest in understanding the relationship between
 diversity and below-ground productivity due to the critical contribution
 of below-ground systems to overall terrestrial productivity. Yet, the
 temporal (seasonal and developmental) changes in diversity effects on
 below-ground productivity and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
 We hypothesized that (i) diversity effects on fine root productivity
 increase with stand development, and (ii) increased diversity effects
 associated with stand development result from augmented horizontal soil
 space utilization, increased forest floor depth for rooting, enhanced
 effects in nutrient-poor soil layers and/or foraging towards high nutrient
 availability. We investigated the effects of tree species diversity on
 fine root productivity by sampling 18 stands dominated by single species
 and their mixtures in post-fire boreal forests of two stand ages (8 and 34
 years following stand-replacing fire). Species evenness was significantly
 higher in species mixtures than in single-species-dominated stands at both
 age classes, while species richness did not differ across stand types and
 age classes. We found that the annual fine root production was higher in
 mixtures than the mean of single-species-dominated stands in both stand
 ages, with a significantly higher magnitude of effects in the 34-year-old
 than 8-year-old stands. Mixtures had higher horizontal soil volume filling
 than single-species-dominated stands with a more pronounced increase in
 the 34-year-old than 8-year-old stands. Compared with the 8-year-old
 stands, the 34-year-old stands had increased forest floor depth and
 greater overyielding with soil depth, and their fine root productivity was
 more responsive to the vertical variation in soil phosphorus
 concentrations among soil layers. Synthesis. Our results provide evidence
 for increasing positive diversity effects on fine root productivity with
 stand development in heterogeneous natural forests. Moreover, our results
 indicate that the increased positive diversity effects with stand
 development was the result of multiple mechanisms, including higher
 horizontal soil volume filling, a thicker forest floor layer for rooting,
 a higher magnitude of complementarity in nutrient-poor deep soil layers
 and stronger nutrient foraging towards soil layers with high nutrient
 concentrations in older than younger stands.
description: Dataset-J of
 Ecology-ZilongThese data were
 collected in a boreal forest of Canada
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pv952ps
title: Data from: The influence of symbiotic bacteria on reproductive strategies and wing polyphenism in pea aphids responding to stress

description: 1. Environmental stressors can be key drivers of phenotypes, including
 reproductive strategies and morphological traits. The response to stress
 may be altered by the presence of microbial associates. For example, in
 aphids, facultative (secondary) bacterial symbionts can provide protection
 against natural enemies and stress induced by elevated temperatures.
 Furthermore, aphids exhibit phenotypic plasticity, producing winged
 (rather than wingless) progeny that may be better able to escape danger,
 and the combination of these factors improve the response to stress. How
 symbionts and phenotypic plasticity, both of which shape aphids'
 stress response, influence one another, and together influence host
 fitness, remains unclear. 2. In this study, we investigate how
 environmental stressors drive shifts in fecundity and winged/wingless
 offspring production, and how secondary symbionts influence the process.
 We induced production of winged offspring through distinct environmental
 stressors, including exposure to aphid alarm pheromone and crowding, and,
 in one experiment we assessed whether the aphid response is influenced by
 host plant. 3. In the winged morph, energy needed for wing maintenance may
 lead to trade-offs with other traits, such as reproduction or symbiont
 maintenance. Potential trade-offs between symbiont maintenance and fitness
 have been proposed but have not been tested. Thus, beyond studying the
 production of offspring of alternative morphs, we also explore the
 influence of symbionts across wing/wingless polyphenism as well as
 symbiont interaction with cross-generational impacts of environmental
 stress on reproductive output. 4. All environmental stressors resulted in
 increased production of winged offspring and shifts in fecundity rates.
 Additionally, in some cases, aphid host-by-symbiont interactions
 influenced fecundity. Stress on first generation aphids had
 cross-generational impacts on second generation adults, and the impact on
 fecundity was further influenced by the presence of secondary symbionts
 and presence/absence of wings. 5. Our study suggests a complex interaction
 between beneficial symbionts and environmental stressors. Winged aphids
 have the advantage of being able to migrate out of danger with more ease,
 but energy needed for wing production and maintenance may come with
 reproductive costs for their mothers and for themselves, where in certain
 cases, these costs are altered by secondary symbionts.
description: Aphid Symbiosis
 Experiments DataThis excel file includes
 the research data obtained for all experiments used on the manuscript. The
 data was collected in a biology laboratory.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d1bc8
title: Data from: The genetics of primary and secondary sexual character trade-offs in a horned beetle

description: When structures compete for shared resources, this may lead to acquisition
 and allocation trade-offs so that the enlargement of one structure occurs
 at the expense of another. Among the studies of morphological trade-offs,
 their importance has been demonstrated primarily through experimental
 manipulations and comparative analyses. Relatively, a few studies have
 investigated the underlying genetic basis of phenotypic patterns. Here, we
 use a half-sibling breeding design to determine the genetic underpinnings
 of the phenotypic trade-off between head horns and the male copulatory
 organ or aedeagus that has been found in the dung beetle Onthophagus
 taurus. Instead of the predicted negative genetic covariance among
 characters that trade-off, we find positive genetic covariance between
 absolute horn and aedeagus length and zero genetic covariance between
 relative horn and aedeagus length. Therefore, although the genetic
 covariance between absolute horn and aedeagus length would constrain the
 independent evolution of primary and secondary sexual characters in this
 population, there was no evidence of a trade-off. We discuss alternative
 hypotheses for the observed patterns of genetic correlation between traits
 that compete for resources and the implications that these have for
 selection and the evolution of such traits.
description: House&Simmons_2012Z-scores for phenotypic variables measured in offspring following the half-sib breeding design. Sire, dam and offspring identities are provided with nominal numeric scores.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sb295
title: Data from: Non-additive effects of intra- and interspecific competition between two larval salamanders

description: 1) Assessment of the relative strengths of intra- and interspecific
 competition has increased in recent years, and is critical to
 understanding the importance of competition. Yet, whether intra- and
 interspecific competition can have non-additive effects has rarely been
 tested. The resulting fitness consequences of such non-additive
 interactions are important to provide the context necessary to advance our
 understanding of competition theory. 2) We compared the strength of
 additive and non-additive intra- and interspecific competition by
 manipulating densities of a pair of larval salamanders (Ambystoma
 talpoideum and A. maculatum) in experimental mesocosms within a response
 surface design. 3) Intraspecific density had the strongest effect on the
 strength of competition for both species, and few observed comparisons
 indicated interspecific competition was an important factor in predicting
 body size, growth or larval period length of either species. 4)
 Non-additive effects of intra- and interspecific competition influenced
 some response variables, including size and mass at metamorphosis in A.
 maculatum, but at a reduced strength compared to intraspecific effects
 alone. 5) Intraspecific competition was thus the dominant biotic
 interaction, but non-additive effects also impact the outcome of
 competition in these species, validating the importance of testing for and
 incorporating non-additive density effects into competition models.
description: Salamander metamorph
 body size dataColumns indicate: Date =
 the date of metamorphosis, Day = the day of the experiment, Tank = the
 experimental tank, Block = the experimental block, Treatment = the
 experimental treatment, Density = the categorical overall density, Mole =
 the number of mole salamanders (Ambystoma talpoideum), Spotted = the
 number of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum), Species = the species
 of salamander (talp = Ambystoma talpoideum; mac = Ambystoma maculatum),
 SVL = metamorph snout-vent length (in cm), and Mass = metamorph mass (in
 grams).Amb_body_size.csvSurvival DataColumns indicate: Block= the block, Treatment = the experimental treatment, the tank, Density = the categorical density, Species = the salamander species (talp = Ambystoma talpoideum; mac = Ambystoma maculatum), Mole = the number of mole salamanders (Ambystoma talpoideum), Spotted = the number of spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum), Total = the number of surviving salamanders, and Survival = the percent survival.Amb_survival.csvR code for analysis and figuresComments are added within the codeRSD_final.r
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ms46q
title: Data from: Reproductive system of a mixed-mating plant responds to climate perturbation by increased selfing

description: How plants respond to climatic perturbations, which are forecasted to
 increase in frequency and intensity, is difficult to predict because of
 the buffering effects of plasticity. Compensatory adjustments may maintain
 fecundity and recruitment, or delay negative changes that are inevitable
 but not immediately evident. We imposed a climate perturbation of warming
 and drought on a mixed-mating perennial violet, testing for adjustments in
 growth, reproduction and mortality. We observed several plasticity-based
 buffering responses, such that the climatic perturbation did not alter
 population structure. The most substantial reproductive adjustments,
 however, involved selfing, with a 45% increase in self-pollination by
 chasmogamous flowers, a 61% increase in the number of cleistogamous
 flowers that produced at least one fruit and an overall 15% increase in
 fruit production from selfed cleistogamous flowers. Reproductive assurance
 thus compensated for environmental change, including low pollinator
 visitation that occurred independently of our climate treatment. There was
 also no immediate evidence for inbreeding depression. Our work indicates
 that plants with vegetative and reproductive flexibility may not be
 immediately and negatively affected by a climatic perturbation. The
 stabilizing effects of these reproductive responses in the long term,
 however, may depend on the implications of significantly elevated levels
 of selfing.
description: Viola praemorsa ecology:
 Responses to experimental warming, pollination ecology and relative
 performance of seedsThis data is from
 experiments on Viola praemorsa ssp. praemorsa in 2008/09. All
 abbreviations are contained in the "Read Me" sheet of the excel
 file.Viola
 data .xlsx
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2vfbqd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 975 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is Oceania",
 "Country is Australia",
 "GadmGid is AUS.11_1",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year 2026-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 975 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001079-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kf4t9
title: Data from: Litter microbial and soil faunal communities stimulated in the wake of a volcanic eruption in a semi-arid woodland in Patagonia, Argentina

description: Large-scale disturbances can be important components of the temporal
 landscape of natural ecosystems, but generalities regarding ecosystem
 impacts are difficult due to their infrequent and unpredictable nature.
 Volcanic eruptions figure as one of the most prominent of these natural
 disturbances, but the effects on microbes and ground-dwelling arthropods,
 which modulate carbon and nutrient turnover, are relatively unknown. We
 evaluated the effects of the 2011 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption in
 Patagonia, Argentina, on the litter and soil microbial and faunal
 communities in natural and afforested semi-arid ecosystems located 70 km
 west of the epicentre of the eruption. We hypothesized that volcanic ash
 deposition would strongly reduce soil faunal and microbial communities due
 to insecticidal effects of ash on arthropods, with a concomitant reduction
 in ecosystem processes. Our objective was to quantify the impact of the
 volcanic eruption by comparing pre- and post-eruption time points in the
 same study site, with nearly identical field methodology. We measured
 environmental variables of soil and litter moisture, pH, microbial
 biomass, and soil and litter microbial enzymatic activity. We evaluated
 ground-dwelling arthropods and nematodes using pitfall traps and soil
 extraction, respectively. Additionally, a parallel, controlled-condition
 experiment of simulated ash deposition was conducted to evaluate ash
 effects on litter decomposition and enzymatic activity. In the field,
 post-eruption soils had lower soil water content, pH and soil organic
 matter. Additionally, nematode abundance and soil microbial enzyme
 activity were significantly reduced. In contrast, ground-dwelling
 arthropods and litter enzymatic activity increased significantly. Finally,
 with simulated ash deposition, litter decomposition increased fourfold for
 native litter decomposition. Large-scale disturbances may play a key role
 in biogeochemical cycling in affected natural ecosystems, but not
 necessarily due to their catastrophic effects. In contrast to our original
 predictions, we observed a marked stimulation of biotic activity and
 carbon turnover in the aftermath of the Puyehue volcanic eruption, which
 demonstrates that the biotic component of these ecosystems has a
 substantial capacity to respond to these disturbances in short time
 frames. These results can contribute to placing the role of these
 large-scale infrequent disturbances in a more robust ecological context.
description: Soil, litter, macrofauna
 and nematode data from Berenstecher et al. 2016This data file contains
 unanalysed data from soil and litter characteristics, macrofaunal
 abundance and composition, nematode abundance and decomposition, litter
 and soil enzymatic activities and litter decomposition at sampling points
 before and after the massive Puyehue volcanic eruption of June 2011 in
 Patagonia, ArgentinaBerenstecheretal_DRYAD_42016.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.443gv60
title: Data from: Dietary patterns during adulthood and cognitive performance in midlife: the CARDIA study

description: Objective: To investigate whether dietary patterns (Mediterranean diet
 (MedDiet), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and A Priori
 Diet Quality Score (APDQS)) during adulthood are associated with better
 midlife cognitive performance. Methods: We studied 2,621 CARDIA
 participants: 45% black, 57% female, and age 25±3.5 years at baseline
 (1985-6). Diet scores were calculated from repeated diet history up to
 year 20. Linear models were used to examine association between tertiles
 of diet score and year 25 to 30 change in standardized test scores for
 verbal learning (RAVLT), processing speed (Digit Symbol Substitution Test
 (DSST)) and executive function (Stroop Interference), and Montreal
 Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at year 30. Results: Higher scores in all
 three diets were associated with less decline in verbal memory (all
 P&lt;0.01). Higher DASH and APDQS scores were associated with less
 decline on DSST (DASH: low= -0.05, mid= -0.00, high= 0.06; APDQS: low=
 -0.07, mid= -0.01, high= 0.07, both PTrend=0.02). Higher MedDiet and APDQS
 scores were associated with less decline on Stroop interference (MedDiet:
 low=0.10, mid=-0.06, high=-0.03 and APDQS: low=0.11, mid=0.01, high=-0.10,
 both PTrend&lt;0.01). Odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for poor
 global cognitive function (≥1 SD below mean MoCA) comparing extreme
 tertiles of the three dietary scores were 0.45 (0.33-0.62) for MedDiet,
 0.38 (0.26-0.54) for APDQS and 0.88 (0.68-1.15) for DASH. Conclusions:
 Greater adherence to heart-healthy dietary patterns during adulthood was
 associated with better midlife cognitive performance. Additional studies
 are needed to define the combination of foods and nutrients for optimal
 brain health across the life-course.
description: Supplementary Tables
 R_neurologyTables
 1-6
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vh8v4
title: Data from: Male sexually coercive behaviour drives increased swimming efficiency in female guppies

description: Sexual coercion of females by males is widespread across sexually
 reproducing species. It stems from a conflict of interest over
 reproduction and exerts selective pressure on both sexes. For females,
 there is often a significant energetic cost of exposure to male sexually
 coercive behaviours. Our understanding of the efficiency of female
 resistance to male sexually coercive behaviour is key to understanding how
 sexual conflict contributes to population level dynamics and ultimately to
 the evolution of sexually antagonistic traits. Overlooked within this
 context are plastic physiological responses of traits within the lifetime
 of females that could moderate the energetic cost imposed by coercive
 males. Here, we examined whether conflict over the frequency and timing of
 mating between male and female guppies Poecilia reticulata can induce
 changes in swimming performance and aerobic capacity in females as they
 work to escape harassment by males. Females exposed to higher levels of
 harassment over a 5-month period used less oxygen to swim at a given
 speed, but displayed no difference in resting metabolic rate, maximal
 metabolic rate, maximal sustained swimming speed or aerobic scope compared
 to females receiving lower levels of harassment. The observed increase in
 swimming efficiency is at least partially related to differences in
 swimming mechanics, likely brought on by a training effect of increased
 activity, as highly harassed females spent less time performing pectoral
 fin-assisted swimming. Sexual conflict results in sexually antagonistic
 traits that impose a variety of costs, but our results show that females
 can reduce costs through phenotypic plasticity. It is also possible that
 phenotypic plasticity in swimming physiology or mechanics in response to
 sexual coercion can potentially give females more control over matings and
 affect which male traits are under selection.
description: Killen et al Functional
 Ecology 2015 dataThis file contains all
 behavioural, physiological, and morphological data used in the manuscript.
 Different data sets are located on different tabs within the spreadsheet.
 Each tab also includes descriptions of each of the data
 columns.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.v6bhwj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4339 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Nothoscordum gracile"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4339 records from 262 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001082-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/7vzl2r
title: Force A, Noise Level 0

description: Force A, Noise Level 0