cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p2m0d
title: Data from: Effect of captivity on morphology: negligible changes in external morphology mask significant changes in internal morphology

description: Captive breeding programmes are increasingly relied upon for threatened
 species management. Changes in morphology can occur in captivity, often
 with unknown consequences for reintroductions. Few studies have examined
 the morphological changes that occur in captive animals compared with wild
 animals. Further, the effect of multiple generations being maintained in
 captivity, and the potential effects of captivity on sexual dimorphism
 remain poorly understood. We compared external and internal morphology of
 captive and wild animals using house mouse (Mus musculus) as a model
 species. In addition, we looked at morphology across two captive
 generations, and compared morphology between sexes. We found no
 statistically significant differences in external morphology, but after
 one generation in captivity there was evidence for a shift in the internal
 morphology of captive-reared mice, captive-reared mice (two generations
 bred) had lighter combined kidney and spleen masses compared with
 wild-caught mice. Sexual dimorphism was maintained in captivity. Our
 findings demonstrate that captive breeding can alter internal morphology.
 Given that these morphological changes may impact organismal functioning
 and viability following release, further investigation is warranted. If
 the morphological change is shown to be maladaptive, these changes would
 have significant implications for captive-source populations that are used
 for reintroduction including reduced survivorship.
description: Raw data for manuscript:
 RSOS-172470Raw data on
 morphological measurements, lengths given in millimetres, masses given in
 grams. Dry masses indicated by 2 in title, e.g. liver 2. SI - small
 intestine length, LI - long intestine length. Days isolated - acclimation
 period, Generation - F4, four generations captive bred. F5, five
 generations captive bred. W, wild caught.DATA_RSOS-172470.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cg849
title: Data from: Anthracycline induced cardiotoxicity: prospective cohort study from Pakistan.

description: Objectives: To identify anthracycline induced acute (within one month) and
 early onset chronic progressive (within year) cardiotoxicity in children
 younger than 16 years of age with childhood malignancies at tertiary care
 center of Pakistan. Design: Prospective Cohort study. Setting: Aga Khan
 University, Karachi, Pakistan. Participants: 110 children (aged 1 month to
 16 years). Intervention: Anthracycline (Doxorubicin and/or Daunorubicin).
 Outcome measurements: All children who received anthracycline as
 chemotherapy and three echocardiographic evaluations (baseline, one month
 and 1 year) between July 2010 and June 2012 were prospectively analyzed
 for cardiac dysfunction. Statistical analysis including systolic and
 diastolic functions at baseline, 1 month and 1 year were made by repeated
 measures analysis of variance (r-ANOVA). Results: Mean age was 74±44
 months and 75 (68.2%) were males. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was
 seen in 70 (64%) patients. Doxorubicin alone was used in 59 (54%) and
 combination therapy was used in 35(32%). A cumulative dose of
 anthracycline &lt;300mg/m2 was in 95 (86%). Fifteen (14%) children
 developed cardiac dysfunction within a month and 28(25%) children within a
 year. Of these 10/15 (66.6%) and 12/28 (42%) had isolated diastolic
 dysfunction respectively, while 5/15 (33.3%) and 16/28 (57%) had combined
 systolic and diastolic dysfunction. Seven (6.4%) patients expired due to
 severe cardiac dysfunction. 8/59 (13.5%) children receiving doxorubicin
 showed dysfunction mostly related to higher cumulative dose
 (p=&lt;0.001). Cardiotoxicity was high where combination of
 doxorubicin and daunorubicin was used (p=0.004). Conclusion: Anthracycline
 induced cardiac dysfunction is high. Long term follow-up is essential in
 children received any dosage of anthracyclines because of its late
 manifestation.
description: Anthracycline data
 SPSSAnthracycline data
 entry.sav
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ph47wt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 9013 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Calluna vulgaris",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 9013 records from 276 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001228-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9bb2c
title: Data from: Choosy males could help explaining androdioecy in a selfing fish

description: Androdioecy (the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites) is considered a
 transitional state derived from pure hermaphroditism or dioecy, but the
 processes selecting for this rare breeding system are unclear,
 particularly in animals. In androdioecious species, the proportion of
 males in relation to hermaphrodites is usually so reduced that it is not
 known whether there is scope for mate choice, particularly when
 simultaneous hermaphrodites can self-fertilize. We investigated the
 potential role of male mate choice in the persistence of androdioecy in
 animals using a self-fertilizing androdioecious fish (Kryptolebias
 marmoratus) as a model. Hermaphrodites preferred to associate with males
 but showed no preference based on genetic similarity. In contrast, males
 displayed a strong preference for genetically dissimilar hermaphrodites,
 based, apparently, on olfactory cues. We suggest that disassortative male
 mate choice could be a critical factor in stabilizing androdioecy in cases
 where high selfing rates are associated with inbreeding depression.
description: All mate choice
 data_DryadRaw data on male and
 hermaphrodite choice experiments.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jm3bs78v
title: Data from: Rates of anagenetic evolution and selection intensity in Middle and Upper Ordovician species of the bryozoan genus Peronopora

description: Evolutionary rates and selection intensities in eight cladistically
 defined species-level evolutionary sequences of the Middle and Upper
 Ordovician bryozoan genus Peronopora were calculated for comparison with
 values published for fossil and living taxa. Calculations were restricted
 to statistically significant unidirectional segments of anagenetic series
 to minimize the mixing of different modes, directions, and rates of
 evolutionary change. Rates and selection intensities ranged from 10^−7 to
 10^−6 darwins and from 10^−6 to 10^−5 haldanes. Across characters, the
 weighted mean evolutionary rate equaled 5.86 × 10^−7 darwins and the mean
 selection intensity was 6.44 × 10^−7. Mean rates of 2.15 × 10^−6, 4.31 ×
 10^−6, and 8.61 × 10^−6 haldanes, and corresponding mean selection
 intensities equaling 2.39 × 10^−6, 4.78 × 10^−6, and 9.56 × 10^−6, were
 calculated for generation lengths of 0.5, 1, and 2 years, respectively.
 The magnitudes of positive and negative evolutionary rates and selection
 intensities do not differ statistically, individual characters display no
 consistent pattern of positive or negative values, and no character
 complexes were detectable. A mosaic pattern of change occurs across
 characters in evolutionary sequences. Eighty percent of analyzed
 evolutionary series were multispecies lineages. Both individual and mean
 values provide direct estimates of the rates of evolution within those
 lineages at the moment of speciation. Rates of anagenetic evolution in
 Peronopora were low and similar to published rates for a variety of fossil
 protists, invertebrates, and vertebrates. However, earlier rate
 calculations did not isolate the effect of unidirectional anagenesis from
 that of stasis, random walks, trend reversals, or rate variations. Eight
 percent of characters in Peronopora produced anagenetic series that were
 statistically significant, a percentage similar to the 5% calculated in a
 study of 251 sequences of evolving traits in 53 fossil lineages (Hunt
 2007). Stasis and mutation-drift are the most common patterns detectable
 in the fossil record, although anagenesis remains a potentially important
 force in shaping the course of both micro- and macroevolution.
description: Pachut & Anstey -
 Supplemental AppendicesAppendix 1 - Summary
 statistics, heritability, and number of generations for portions of
 unbranched evolutionary sequences displaying intermediate-strength
 anagenesis. Appendix 2 - Summary statistics, heritability, and number of
 generations for portions of unbranched evolutionary sequences displaying
 weak anagenesis. Appendix 3 - Rates of evolution, in darwins, calculated
 in previous studies for 93 taxa of fossil protists and
 invertebrates.pachut 10048 suppl.
 appendices.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pt354
title: Data from: Increasing zooplankton size diversity enhances the strength of top-down control on phytoplankton through diet niche partitioning

description: 1. The biodiversity-ecosystem functioning debate is a central topic in
 ecology. Recently, there has been a growing interest in size diversity
 because body size is sensitive to environmental changes and is one of the
 fundamental characteristics of organisms linking many ecosystem
 properties. However, how size diversity affects ecosystem functioning is
 an important yet unclear issue. 2. To fill the gap, with large-scale field
 data from the East China Sea, we tested the novel hypothesis that
 increasing zooplankton size diversity enhances top-down control on
 phytoplankton (H1) and compared it with five conventional hypotheses
 explaining the top-down control: flatter zooplankton size spectrum
 enhances the strength of top-down control (H2); nutrient enrichment
 lessens the strength of top-down control (H3); increasing zooplankton
 taxonomic diversity enhances the strength of top-down control (H4);
 increasing fish predation decreases the strength of top-down control of
 zooplankton on phytoplankton through trophic cascade (H5); increasing
 temperature intensifies the strength of top-down control (H6). 3. The
 results of univariate analyses support the hypotheses based on zooplankton
 size diversity (H1), zooplankton size spectrum (H2), nutrient (H3), and
 zooplankton taxonomic diversity (H4), but not the hypotheses based on fish
 predation (H5) and temperature (H6). More in depth analyses indicate that
 zooplankton size diversity is the most important factor in determining the
 strength of top-down control on phytoplankton in the East China Sea. 4.
 Our results suggest a new potential mechanism, that increasing predator
 size diversity enhances the strength of top-down control on prey through
 diet niche partitioning. This mechanism can be explained by the optimal
 predator-prey body-mass ratio concept. Suppose each size group of
 zooplankton predators has its own optimal phytoplankton prey size,
 increasing size diversity of zooplankton would promote diet niche
 partitioning of predators and thus elevates the strength of top-down
 control.
description: ECS_DRYAD
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dd956
title: Data from: Meiofauna affect the macrobenthic biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship

description: The biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (B–EF) relationship has become of
 main interest in the last few decades, mostly because of the worldwide
 increase in species extinctions. However, most of these studies only
 consider species within single size-class or trophic level, thereby most
 likely underestimating ecosystem complexity. To reach more realistic
 scenarios, we assessed the role of meiofauna (lower size-class level) on
 the relationship between macrofaunal biodiversity and multiple benthic
 ecosystem properties. Experiments took place under controlled conditions
 using three macrofaunal species (Alitta (formerly Nereis) virens, Macoma
 balthica and Mya arenaria). A total of eight combinations of zero to three
 functionally different macrofaunal species were maintained in microcosms
 for 34 days in either the presence or absence of a different size-class
 grouping (a meiofaunal mixture). The organic matter content and bacterial
 abundance in sediments and the oxygen and nutrient (NH4+, NOx-, PO4 3-)
 fluxes across the sediment-water interface were measured and used as
 proxies of ecosystem properties. Overall, macrofaunal species richness did
 not modify any of the measured properties; however, we observed changes
 associated to the presence of A. virens and M. balthica. This study also
 revealed a strong impact of the presence of meiofauna on ecosystem
 properties. They changed interactions between macrofaunal species, which
 led to modifications in the ecosystem properties. Thus, even if this
 size-class group has been poorly considered in previous studies, this
 experiment suggests that future studies should consider the meiofauna with
 greater attention, particularly in the context of B–EF.
description: A Canadian Healthy
 Oceans Network Ecosystem Function project, EF01Macrofaunal and
 meiofaunal abundances, nutrient fluxes, organic matter content, bacterial
 abundancesCHONe_EF01_PiotA_Oikos2014.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9k3k5
title: Data from: The effect of reintroductions on the genetic variability in Eurasian lynx populations: the cases of Bohemian-Bavarian and Vosges-Palatinian populations

description: Over the past ~40 years, several attempts were made to reintroduce
 Eurasian lynx to suitable habitat within their former distribution range
 in Western Europe. In general, limited numbers of individuals have been
 released to establish new populations. To evaluate the effects of
 reintroductions on the genetic status of lynx populations we used 12
 microsatellite loci to study lynx populations in the Bohemian–Bavarian and
 Vosges–Palatinian forests. Compared with autochthonous lynx populations,
 these two reintroduced populations displayed reduced genetic diversity,
 particularly the Vosges–Palatinian population. Our genetic data provide
 further evidence to support the status of ‘endangered’ and ‘critically
 endangered’ for the Bohemian–Bavarian and Vosges–Palatinian populations,
 respectively. Regarding conservation management, we highlight the need to
 limit poaching, and advocate additional translocations to bolster genetic
 variability.
description: microsatellite data by
 locus and populationThis file contains
 microsatellite data (12 loci) for 152 individuals from nine Eurasian lynx
 populations in Europe (and Russia). The data were used to examine the
 genetic variability in autochthonous and reintroduced lynx populations.
 Data is provided by locus and population.Bull et al 2016-02-18 _ DRYAD
 SUBMISSION.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6r813
title: Data from: Latitudinal variation in plant chemical defences drives latitudinal patterns of leaf herbivory

description: A long-standing paradigm in ecology holds that herbivore pressure and thus
 plant defences increase towards lower latitudes. However, recent work has
 challenged this prediction where studies have found no relationship or
 opposite trends where herbivory or plant defences increase at higher
 latitudes. Here we tested for latitudinal variation in herbivory, chemical
 defences (phenolic compounds), and nutritional traits (phosphorus and
 nitrogen) in leaves of a long-lived tree species, the English oak Quercus
 robur. We further investigated the underlying climatic and soil factors
 associated with such variation. Across 38 populations of Q. robur
 distributed along an 18° latitudinal gradient, covering almost the entire
 latitudinal and climatic range of this species, we observed strong but
 divergent latitudinal gradients in leaf herbivory and leaf chemical
 defences and nutrients. As expected, there was a negative relationship
 between latitude and leaf herbivory where oak populations from lower
 latitudes exhibited higher levels of leaf herbivory. However, counter to
 predictions there was a positive relationship between leaf chemical
 defences and latitude where populations at higher latitudes were better
 defended. Similarly, leaf phosphorus and nitrogen increased with latitude.
 Path analysis indicated a significant (negative) effect of plant chemical
 defences (condensed tannins) on leaf herbivory, suggesting that the
 latitudinal gradient in leaf herbivory was driven by an inverse gradient
 in defensive investment. Leaf nutrients had no independent influence on
 herbivory. Further, we found significant indirect effects of precipitation
 and soil porosity on leaf herbivory, which were mediated by plant chemical
 defences. These findings suggest that abiotic factors shape latitudinal
 variation in plant defences and that these defences in turn underlie
 latitudinal variation in leaf herbivory. Overall, this study contributes
 to a better understanding of latitudinal variation in plant-herbivore
 interactions by determining the identity and modus operandi of abiotic
 factors concurrently shaping plant defences and herbivory.
description: Data from Moreira et al.
 2017
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.49s82
title: Data from: Testing the plant growth-defense hypothesis belowground: do faster-growing herbaceous plant species suffer more negative effects from soil biota than slower-growing ones?

description: According to the growth-defense hypothesis in ecology, faster-growing
 plant species should suffer more from herbivores and pathogens than
 slower-growing species. Tests of this hypothesis have focused on
 aboveground plant tissues, herbivores, and pathogens; however, it should
 also apply to root defense. To test whether faster-growing species suffer
 more negatively from soil biota than slower-growing species, we estimated
 first-season growth rates of 34 herbaceous plant species and used weighted
 linear regressions to assess the relationship between growth rates and
 responses to being grown in sterilized versus unsterilized soil (biotic
 soil effects) and to growing in soil previously occupied by conspecifics
 versus a mixture of species (conspecific soil effects). We found a
 negative relationship between relative growth rate and biotic soil
 effects, with slower-growing species tending to suffer less or even
 benefit from the presence of soil biota, while faster-growing species were
 more negatively affected. Biotic soil effects were also negatively related
 to size-corrected growth rates. These relationships remained negative
 after accounting for influential species, but a large amount of variation
 remained unexplained. Moreover, there was no clear relationship between
 growth rates and conspecific soil effects. A simple relationship between
 growth and defense aboveground may not be so clearly reflected belowground
 because of the many interacting antagonistic and mutualistic organisms
 likely involved.
description: Lemmermeyer_etal_AmNat_55522Biomass sums and differences, sample sizes, and standard deviations, representing soil biota effects for 34 herbaceous plant species. Also included are relative growth rates, size-corrected growth rates, mean specific root length, and mean root C:N ratios per species, with respective sample sizes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nv92q
title: Data from: Comparative landscape genetics of two frugivorous bats in a biological corridor undergoing agricultural intensification

description: Agricultural intensification in tropical landscapes poses a new threat to
 the ability of biological corridors to maintain functional connectivity
 for native species. We use a landscape genetics approach to evaluate
 impacts of expanding pineapple plantations on two widespread and abundant
 frugivorous bats in a biological corridor in Costa Rica. We hypothesize
 that the larger, more mobile Artibeus jamaicensis will be less impacted by
 pineapple than the smaller Carollia castanea. In 2012 and 2013, we sampled
 735 bats in 26 remnant forest patches surrounded by different proportions
 of forest, pasture, crops and pineapple. We used 10 microsatellite loci
 for A. jamaicensis and 16 microsatellite loci for C. castanea to estimate
 genetic diversity and gene flow. Canonical correspondence analyses
 indicate that land cover type surrounding patches has no impact on genetic
 diversity of A. jamaicensis. However, for C. castanea, both percentage
 forest and pineapple surrounding patches explained a significant
 proportion of the variation in genetic diversity. Least-cost transect
 analyses (LCTA) and pairwise G″st suggest that for A. jamaicensis,
 pineapple is more permeable to gene flow than expected, while as expected,
 forest is the most permeable land cover for gene flow of C. castanea. For
 both species, LCTA indicate that development may play a role in inhibiting
 gene flow. The current study answers the call for landscape genetic
 research focused on tropical and agricultural landscapes, highlights the
 value of comparative landscape genetics in biological corridor design and
 management and is one of the few studies of biological corridors in any
 ecosystem to implement a genetic approach to test corridor efficacy.
description: Microsatellite primer
 sequencesPreviously published
 C.castanea microsatellite primer sequences are archived in NCBI GenBank,
 accession numbers: KX060618, KX060619, KX060620, KX060621, KX060622,
 KX060623, KX060624, KX060625, KX060626, KX060627, KX060628, KX060629,
 KX060630, KX060631Microsatellite genotypes
 for C. castanea and A. jamaicensisThese text files contain
 the empirical microsatellite genotypes of C. castanea and A. jamaicensis
 used in all analyses for this publication. Genotypes are in GenePop
 format.AJAM
 and CCAS genotypes.rarSampling
 SitesThis file contains the
 coordinates for each of the 26 sampling sites where data was collected for
 this study.Sampling Site
 Coords.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1318
title: Data from: Description and phylogenetic relationships of two new species of miniature Arthroleptis (Anura: Arthroleptidae) from the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania

description: I describe two new species of squeaker frog (Arthroleptidae: Arthroleptis)
 from the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania. These new species are
 distinguished from other miniature Arthroleptis in the Eastern Arc
 Mountains by the combination of very small adult body size (&lt; 15 mm
 snout–vent length), a pronounced dark inguinal spot, and color patterns
 unique to each species. The new species could be the smallest frog species
 known from East Africa and among the smallest species of Arthroleptis. An
 estimate of phylogeny on the basis of mitochondrial DNA sequences reveals
 that these morphologically cryptic species are sister taxa that compose a
 basal lineage within a clade of miniature Arthroleptis. Their description
 hints at a diverse cryptic amphibian fauna in the Eastern Arc Mountains
 that awaits additional discovery through molecular methods.
description: Alignment of
 mitochondrial data of miniature ArthroleptisNexus file containing
 alignment generated via ClustalX of mitochondrial DNA sequence
 data.fichika&kidogo.nex