cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m9n940m
title: Data from: Structurally assisted super black in colorful peacock spiders

description: Male peacock spiders (Maratus, Salticidae) compete to attract female mates
 using elaborate, sexually-selected displays. They evolved both brilliant
 color and velvety black. Here we use scanning electron microscopy (SEM),
 hyperspectral imaging, and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) optical
 modeling to investigate the deep black surfaces of peacock spiders. We
 found that super black regions reflect &lt;0.5% of light (for a 30°
 collection angle) in Maratus speciosus (0.44%) and Maratus karrie (0.35%)
 due to microscale structures. Both species evolved unusually high, tightly
 packed cuticular bumps (microlens arrays), and M. karrie has an additional
 dense covering of black brush-like scales atop the cuticle. Our optical
 models show that the radius and height of spider microlenses achieve a
 balance between (i) decreased surface reflectance and (ii) enhanced
 melanin absorption (through multiple scattering, diffraction out of the
 acceptance cone of female eyes, and increased path length of light through
 absorbing melanin pigments). The birds-of-paradise (Paradiseidae),
 ecological analogues of peacock spiders, also evolved super black near
 bright color patches. Super black locally eliminates white specular
 highlights, reference points used to calibrate color perception, making
 nearby colors appear brighter, even luminous, to vertebrates. We propose
 that this pre-existing, qualitative sensory experience—“sensory bias”—is
 also found in spiders, leading to the convergent evolution of super black
 for mating displays in jumping spiders.
description: Reflectance Data _
 Peacock Spiders Super BlackHere we report all of
 the reflectance spectra gathered from the black, red, and blue regions of
 two species of peacock spiders (Maratus speciosus, Maratus karrie), black
 reflecance spectra from the normal shiny black spider Cylistella, and
 black, red, and blue regions of the bird of paradise Dreparnornis
 bruinjii.2018-08-18Spider_vs16_SuperHexLumerical script file for examining microlens arrays on spider cuticle.2018-08-14Spider_vs14_share_vs2Lumerical FDTD project file for examining microlens arrays on spider cuticle.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n0n3k6b
title: Data from: Development of a hypoxic nanocomposite containing high-Z element as 5-Fluorouracil carrier activated self-amplified chemoradiotherapy co-enhancement

description: The synergetic effect of chemoradiotherapy achievement is encouraging but
 significantly hampered by the prevalence of hypoxia, leading to
 drug/radiation resistance in solid tumor. To address the problem and
 improve the efficiency of cancer therapy, a lamellar-structure
 multifunctional graphene oxide (GO) drug-delivery system with an average
 size of 243nm, co-delivering of metronidazole (MI), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)
 and FePt magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), was successfully designed and
 synthesized in the study. The integration of hypoxic drug carrier loading
 radiosensitizers and chemotherapeutic drugs simultaneously, combines the
 properties of hypoxia-sensitivity and chemoradiotherapy co-enhancement
 within a single nanoplatform, which is expected to provide new ideas for
 cancer treatment. Through in vitro tests, the hypoxia-sensitivity and
 cytotoxicity of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) of the
 nanocomposites (NCs) were proved. Moreover, the additive effect between
 MI, 5-FU and FePt MNPs in cytotoxicity and radiation sensitization aspects
 is disclosed. It performs an enhanced cell proliferation inhibition and
 makes up a self-amplified radiotherapy enhancement system that improves
 radiation efficiency and cell radiosensitivity simultaneously. In
 conclusion, the study recommended a novel and promising multifunctional
 nanoplatform which performed a self-amplified effect that activated
 chemoradiotherapy co-enhancement.
description: support
 dataData of loading and
 releasing
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j58b5t4
title: Data from: Sexual selection in complex communities: integrating interspecific reproductive interference in structured populations

description: The social structure of populations plays a key role in shaping variation
 in sexual selection. In nature, sexual selection occurs in communities of
 interacting species, however heterospecifics are rarely included in
 characterisations of social structure. Heterospecifics can influence the
 reproductive outcomes of intrasexual competition by interfering with
 intraspecific sexual interactions (interspecific reproductive
 interference; IRI). We outline the need for studies of sexual selection to
 incorporate heterospecifics as part of the social environment. We use
 simulations to show that classic predictions for the effect of social
 structure on sexual selection are altered by an interaction between social
 structure and IRI. This interaction has wide-ranging implications for
 patterns of sexual conflict and kin-selected reproductive strategies in
 socially structured populations. Our work bridges the gap between sexual
 selection research on social structure and IRI, and highlights future
 directions to study sexual selection in interacting communities.
description: Simulation
 codeCode to reproduce main
 results of simulations in R.IRI matching &
 contratsing.r
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cs0sj00
title: Data from: In-situ growing of CoO nanoparticles on g-C3N4 composites with highly improved photocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution

description: CoO/g-C3N4 hybrid catalyst is facilely prepared to be application for
 photocatalytic H2 evolution from water splitting by the vacuum
 rotation-evaporation and in situ thermal method. The physic and chemical
 properties of CoO/g-C3N4 are determined by a series of characterization
 methods. The g-C3N4 with 0.6wt% Co loading exhibits the superior
 photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity with H2 evolution amount of
 23.25 mmol g-1 after 5h. The obtained 0.6 wt% CoO/g-C3N4 can split water
 to generate 0.39 mmol g-1 H2 without sacrificial agent and noble metal,
 while the pure g-C3N4 is inactive under the same reaction condition. The
 remarkably enhancement of photocatalytic H2 evolution activity of
 CoO/g-C3N4 composites is mainly ascribed to the effective separation of
 electron-hole pairs and charge transfer. The work extends new chance for
 design of low-cost g-C3N4 based photocatalysts with high photocatalytic H2
 evolution activity from overall water splitting.
description: data for XRD pattern for
 different photocatalyst in Figure 1data for XPS pattern for
 different photocatalyst in Figure 3UV data for different
 photocatalyst in Figure 4PL data for different
 photocatalyst in Figure 5EIS data for different
 photocatalyst in Figure 8Hydrogen activity data
 for different photocatalyst in Figure 6Hydrogen activity from
 pure water splitting data for different photocatalyst in Figure
 7
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b9629q7
title: Data from: Evidence for absence of bilateral transfer of olfactory learned information in Apis dorsata and Apis mellifera

description: Capacity and condition under which the lateral transfer of olfactory
 memory is possible in insects is still debated. Here, we present evidence
 in two species of honeybees Apis mellifera and Apis dorsata, consistent
 with lack of ability to transfer olfactory associative memory, in a PER
 associative conditioning paradigm, where the untrained antenna is blocked
 by an insulating coat. We show that the olfactory system on each side of
 the bee can learn and retrieve information independently and the retrieval
 using the antenna on the side contralateral to the trained one is not
 affected by the training. Upon recreating the setup using which the memory
 on the contralateral side has been reported at three hours after training,
 we see that, the memory is available on the contralateral side immediately
 after training. In the same setup coating the antenna with an insulator on
 the training side does not prevent learning, pointing to a possible
 insufficiency of block of odor stimuli in this setup. Moreover the
 behaviour of the bee as a whole can be predicted if the sides are assumed
 to learn and store independently and the organism as a whole is able to
 retrieve the memory if either of the sides have the memory.
description: DatasheetsThe file names of the xlsheets correspond to the figures generated from the content.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8m36rq2
title: Data from: Evidence of large-scale range shift in the distribution of a Palaearctic migrant in Africa

description: Aim: Long-distance Palaearctic migrant birds are declining at a faster
 rate than short-distance migrant or resident species. This is often
 attributed to changes on their non-breeding grounds and along their
 migratory routes. The European Honey-buzzard (Pernis apivorus) is a scarce
 migrant in southern Africa that is declining globally. This study assessed
 the distribution and abundance of honey-buzzards in southern Africa over
 the past four decades and compared it to trends in the East African
 population to examine possible drivers of population expansion in southern
 Africa. Location Southern and East Africa Methods European Honey-buzzard
 reporting data were collected from a variety of sources including citizen
 science databases (1983-2017). In addition, records of all other southern
 African vagrants (including ten other regularly occurring species) were
 gathered to account for changes in birdwatching effort in the sub-region.
 To assess the effect of forest loss on honey-buzzard abundance, rolling
 correlations were performed using forest cover in East Africa and number
 of honey-buzzard records in both sub-regions. Results European
 Honey-buzzard records in southern Africa have increased over five times
 more than other regularly occurring vagrant species and almost 40 times
 more than honey-buzzard in Tanzania, where the population has remained
 stable. Loss of forested area in East Africa was correlated with an
 increase in European Honey-buzzard records in southern Africa. Main
 conclusions We suggest that the European Honey-buzzard shift in wintering
 range may be driven by a decline in suitable habitat further north in
 Africa amongst other possible reasons. This effect may have been amplified
 by an increase in appropriate habitat across southern Africa brought about
 by anthropogenic changes to vegetation such as increased tree cover in
 urban areas. This study further highlights the importance of using African
 distributional data banks to understand the effects of global change on
 Palaearctic migrant bird species.
description: Data from: Evidence of
 large-scale range shift in the distribution of a Palaearctic migrant in
 AfricaThis data folder
 contains two data sheets, i) European Honey-buzzard records from southern
 Africa and ii) rarity records from southern Africa.Data.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2c0g95d
title: Data from: Coupling of palaeontological and neontological reef coral data improves forecasts of biodiversity responses under global climatic change

description: Reef corals are currently undergoing climatically-driven poleward range
 expansions, with some evidence for equatorial range retractions.
 Predicting their response to future climate scenarios is critical to their
 conservation, but ecological models are based only on short-term
 observations. The fossil record provides the only empirical evidence for
 the long-term response of organisms under perturbed climate states. The
 palaeontological record from the Last Interglacial (LIG; 125,000 years
 ago), a time of global warming, suggests that reef corals experienced
 poleward range shifts and an equatorial decline relative to their modern
 distribution. However, this record is spatiotemporally biased, and
 existing methods cannot account for data absence. Here, we use ecological
 niche modelling to estimate reef corals’ realised niche and LIG
 distribution, based on modern and fossil occurrences. We then make
 inferences about modelled habitability under two future climate change
 scenarios (RCP4.5, RCP8.5). Reef coral ranges during the LIG were
 comparable to the present, with no prominent equatorial decrease in
 habitability. Reef corals are likely to experience poleward range
 expansion and large equatorial declines under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. However,
 this range expansion is likely optimistic in the face of anthropogenic
 climate change. Incorporation of fossil data in niche models improves
 forecasts of biodiversity responses under global climatic change.
description: Supplementary Material
 1Occurrence data for
 modern and LIG reef corals, as well as the training data for ecological
 niche modelling. Training data is subsampled to 1.25° x 1.25° and clipped
 to cells with available environmental data.SM1.xlsxSupplementary Material 2Additional methods and resultsSM2.docxSupplementary Material 3Sum of cells within 5° latitudinal bins for all model classes, binary thresholds and climate scenarios.SM3.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6rn879c
title: Data from: Plant invasion alters trait composition and diversity across habitats

description: Increased globalization has accelerated the movement of species around the
 world. Many of these non-native species have the potential to profoundly
 alter ecosystems. The mechanisms underpinning this impact are often poorly
 understood, and traits are often overlooked when trying to understand and
 predict the impacts of species invasions on communities. We conducted an
 observational field experiment in Canada’s first National Urban Park,
 where we collected trait data for seven different functional traits across
 an abundance gradient of the invasive Vincetoxicum rossicum in open meadow
 and understory habitats. We assessed invasion impacts on communities, and
 associated mechanisms, by examining three complementary functional trait
 measures: Community weighted mean, range of trait values, and species’
 distances to the invader in trait space. We found that V. rossicum
 invasion significantly altered the functional structure of herbaceous
 plant communities. In both habitats V. rossicum changed the community
 weighted means, causing invaded communities to become increasingly similar
 in their functional structure. In addition, V. rossicum also reduced the
 trait ranges for a majority of traits indicating that species are being
 deterministically excluded in invaded communities. Further, we observed
 different trends in the meadow and understory habitats: in the understory,
 resident species that were more similar to V. rossicum in multivariate
 trait space were excluded more, however this was not the case in the
 meadow habitat. This suggests that V. rossicum alters communities uniquely
 in each habitat, in part by creating a filter in which only certain
 resident species are able to persist. This filtering process causes a
 non-random reduction in species’ abundances, which in turn would be
 expected to alter how invaded ecosystems function. Using trait-based
 frameworks leads to better understanding and prediction of invasion
 impacts. This novel framework can also be used in restoration practices to
 understand how invasion impacts communities and to reassemble communities
 after invasive species management.
description: Sodhi et al 2019 - Trait
 & abundance dataThis excel spreadsheet
 contains functional trait and abundance data for herbaceous plants in
 Rouge National Urban Park. Information on the study sites is also
 included.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.30qp564
title: Data from: Did government spending cuts to social care for older people lead to an increase in emergency hospital admissions? An ecological study; England 2005 to 2016

description: Objectives: Government spending on social care in England reduced
 substantially in real terms following the economic crisis in 2008,
 meanwhile emergency admissions to hospitals have increased. We aimed to
 assess the extent to which reductions in social care spend on older people
 have led to increases in emergency hospital admissions. Design: We used
 negative binomial regression for panel data to assess the relationship
 between emergency hospital admissions and government spend on social care
 for older people. We adjusted for population size and for levels of
 deprivation and health. Setting: Hospitals and adult social care services
 in England between April 2005 And March 2016. Participants: People aged 65
 years and over resident in 132 local councils. Outcome measures: Primary
 outcome variable - emergency hospital admissions of adults aged 65 years
 and over. Secondary outcome measure - emergency hospital admissions for
 ambulatory care sensitive conditions of adults aged 65 years and over.
 Results: We found no significant relationship between the changes in the
 rate of government spend (£’000s) on social care for older people within
 councils and our primary outcome variable, emergency hospital admissions
 (IRR 1.009, 95% CI 0.965-1.056) or our secondary outcome measure,
 admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (IRR 0.975, 95% CI
 0.917-1.038). Conclusions: We found no evidence to support the view that
 reductions in government spend on social care since 2008 have led to
 increases in emergency hospital admissions in older people. Policy makers
 may wish to review schemes, such as the Better Care Fund, which are
 predicated on a relationship between social care provision and emergency
 hospital admissions of older people.
description: social care spend -
 emergency hospital admissions - England - 0506-1516Panel dataset prepared
 for; Did Government Spending Cuts to Social Care for Older People Lead to
 an Increase in Emergency Hospital Admissions? An Ecological Study; England
 2005 to 2016, Seamer, Paul, Brake, Simon, Moore, Patrick, Mohammed,
 Mohammed, Wyatt, Steven. Contains data on government spend on social care
 and emergency hospital admissions for older people along with associated
 covariates.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m48h8ht
title: Data from: Deciphering the roles of environment and development in the evolution of a Late Triassic assemblage of conodont elements

description: To assess evolutionary processes in deep-time, it is essential to
 understand the roles of development and environment, both recorded through
 the morphological variability of fossil assemblages. Thanks to their great
 abundance and the high temporal resolution of their fossil record,
 conodont elements are ideal to address this issue. In this paper, we
 present the first quantitative study of a Carnian-Norian (late Triassic)
 assemblage of closely related P1 conodont elements. Using geometric
 morphometrics (landmarks, sliding-landmarks and elliptic Fourier
 analysis), we explore the main axes of phenotypic variation and relate
 them to classically used taxonomical characters. We show that some
 important taxonomic features follow laws of covariation, hence
 highlighting developmental constraints. Furthermore, the intraspecific
 variation within all considered species, either Carnian or Norian forms,
 is similarly restricted, emphasizing, for the first time in conodont P1
 elements, a common line of least resistance to evolution, which means that
 similar intrinsic (developmental) factors were acting on these taxa and
 likely biased the evolutionary trajectories of all these taxa in a similar
 way. Since the evolution between Carnian and Norian forms is known to have
 followed a trajectory that is significantly different from the line of
 least resistance, strong extrinsic pressures, such as environmental
 disturbances, were probably at play around the Carnian-Norian boundary to
 counteract the effects of these intrinsic, developmental constraints.
description: Guenser et al
 2018_Supplementary material_R codeThese are the code lines
 used in R software to perform the statistical analyses (STATIS and
 correlation tests).Supplementary_Tables_Variables_for_statistical_analysesThere are six tables containing variables (aligned coordinated after generalised Procruste superposition, or harmonics obtained from elliptical fourier analysis) we used for statistical analyses. Table 1 to 3 contain the variables from conodont elements we scanned. Table 4 to 6 contain the latter variables, as well as variables from the elements illustrated in the literature.Variables_used_for_statistical_analyses.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gp65g2t
title: Data from: Insectivorous bats integrate social information about species identity, conspecific activity, and prey abundance to estimate cost-benefit ratio of interactions

description: Animals can use inadvertent social information to improve fitness‐relevant
 decisions, for instance about where to forage or with whom to interact.
 Since bats emit high‐amplitude species‐specific echolocation calls when
 flying, they provide a constant flow of inadvertent social information to
 others who can decode that acoustic information. Of particular interest is
 the rate of feeding buzzes – characteristic call sequences preceding any
 prey capture – which correlates with insect abundance. Previous studies
 investigating eavesdropping in bats yielded very different and in part
 contradictory results likely because they commonly focused on single
 species only, differed substantially in playback buzz rate, and did
 usually not account for (baseline) conspecific activity. Our goal was to
 overcome these limitations and systematically test which inadvertent
 social information bats integrate when eavesdropping on others and how
 this integration affects space‐use and both intra‐ and interspecific
 interactions, respectively. We used a community‐wide approach and
 investigated the effects of a broad range of playback feeding buzz rates
 and conspecific activity on eavesdropping responses in 24 bat species
 combinations in the wild. For the first time, we reveal that finely graded
 and density‐dependent eavesdropping responses are not limited to
 particular foraging styles or call types, but instead are ubiquitous among
 insectivorous bats. All bats integrated social information about calling
 species identity, prey abundance, and conspecific activity to estimate the
 cost‐benefit ratio of prospective interactions, yet in a species‐specific
 manner. The effect of buzz rate was multifaceted, as bats responded
 differently to different buzz rates and responses were additionally
 modulated by heterospecific recognition. Conspecific activity, in
 contrast, had a negative effect on the eavesdropping responses of all
 bats. These findings can explain the inconsistent results of previous
 studies and advance our understanding of the complex nature of con‐ and
 heterospecific interactions within bat communities. A comprehensive
 understanding of how bats incorporate social information into their
 decision‐making will help researchers to explain species distribution
 patterns and eventually to unravel mechanisms of species coexistence.
description: All data (bat activity)
 for Lewanzik et al 2019, J Anim EcolAll data for Lewanzik et
 al 2019, J Anim Ecol, consisting of bat activity as a function of several
 predictors in a field playback study. All details are in the
 article.Lewanzik_etal_2019_JAE_DATA.xlsx