cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288492.v1
title: THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS ON THE TRANSMISSION OF LEPTOSPIROSIS BETWEEN SHEEP AND CATTLE HERDS OF SOROCABA REGION, SP, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Leptospires excreted by urine are able to survive for long periods in surface water and soil depending on the pH, humidity and organic matter presence. This paper reported the influence of environment conditions on the transmission of leptospirosis in two sheep-only farms (A and C) and two cattle-sheep farms (F and H) from December 2007 to September 2008. Serum samples were examined by microscopic agglutination test; urine, surface water and soil samples were cultured for leptospires, and ovine urine pools were analyzed by PCR. Regional edaphoclimatic conditions, pH of surface water and soil, granulometry and permeability of soil were analyzed. All herds presented at least one reactor to Leptospira spp. Only the PCR of an ovine urine pool of herd H was positive and Leptospira spp. was isolated from the F lake. The pH of water samples ranged from 6.0 to 7.0; while in soil it was around from 4.5 to 6.8. Soil organic matter were 24 to 35 g/dm3 in A, C e H, and 63 g/dm3 in F. Soil samples of A and F showed loamy-clay texture; C had clay soil, and H loamy-silt soil; as mixed compositions are able to maintain the humidity, mainly where clay is present. As the presence of reactors in all herds indicated the contact with Leptospira spp., it was concluded that the cycle of transmission is dependent on the synergistic and antagonistic interaction of many variables; but the close contact of animals grazing in a high humidity habitat seems to be limiting.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288490.v1
title: INFLUENCE OF ARTIFICIAL DEFOLIATION TO SIMULATE LOSSES IN PRODUCTION OF BEANS (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS L. CV. XAMEGO).

description: ABSTRACT The reduction of foliar area can cause yield reduction in common bean crops. The objective of this work was to ascertain the effect of different defoliation levels realized in several developmental stages of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Xamego) in regard to yield, weight of 100 seeds and number of pods per plant. A randomized complete block design was used considering a two-way 5 x 4 factorial arrangement: (i) five defoliation stages (first trifoliate leaf, flowering, pods formation, pods filling, and dry pods), and (ii) four defoliation levels (0, 33, 67 and 100%). Five replications were carried out. A linear decrease of yield was observed for all defoliation levels considering all development stages, except for dried pods. The highest decrease was detected for pods formation. At 100% of defoliation, a higher decrease of yield was observed when it was done at 44 days after emergence. Regression analysis gave a greater reduction in yield with 100% defoliation done at 44 days after emergence. The evaluation parameter that showed the best correlation with yield was the number of pods per plant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288488.v1
title: ISOLATION AND SELECTION OF FUNGI IN ORDER TO CONTROL MUSCA DOMESTICA THIRD-INSTAR LARVAE

description: ABSTRACT Use of biological control measures in Brazil has been increasing because of the problems generated from the indiscriminate use of chemical insecticides. Musca domestica represents the biggest problem to poultry farms due to the favorable conditions for its population growth. The present study was therefore conducted, beginning with captures of muscoid diptera on a poultry farm in the Montes Claros region, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, using traps containing chemical bait and as well as capture by direct search, and the fungi resident on these flies was isolated and identified. The isolated fungi were two species of Aspergillus sp., one each from the genera Memnoniella sp., Scopulariopsis sp., Paecilomyces sp., and one fungi of the family Moniliaceae. Also, the entomopathogenic species of fungi Beauveria bassiana CG 470 and CG 472, Metarhizium anisopliae CG 34 and CG 312, and Paecilomyces sp. CG 301 were requested from CENARGEM/EMBRAPA. The species selected for the bioassays were Aspergillus sp., Memnoniella sp. and Metarhizium anisopliae CG 34 and CG 312. The fungi Aspergillus sp. and the Memnoniella sp. did not present entomopathogenic capacity; the fungi Metarhizium anisopliae CG 34 and CG 312 were sufficiently efficient in controlling the emergence of the adults of Musca domestica, showing themselves good agents of biological control.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288486.v1
title: TUBERCULOSIS IN GOATS FROM A SEMIARID REGION IN BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT From January to October 2007, 1,866 female goats of different breeds and ages from 84 herds of the Monteiro microregion, in a semiarid area of Paraíba State, Brazil, were tuberculinized. Nine goats (0.48%) were positive and two of them were slaughtered, and at necropsy tuberculosis-like lesions were found in lungs and liver. At the histopathologic examination, typical tuberculosis granulomas were observed. Micobacteria culture and isolation were carried out, and there was growth of the agent on the Stonebrink medium culture from 36 days of inoculation with an average growth time of 42 days. Positive results were also found in the research of acid-fast bacilli by Ziehl-Neelsen staining. The culture of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was negative. This report, with isolation and visualization of the agent, as well as verification of gross and microscopic lesions, is the first confirmed case of tuberculosis in goats of a semiarid region of Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288483.v1
title: TOTAL AND DIFFERENTIAL LEUKOCYTE COUNTS IN THE MILK OF HEALTHY GOATS, USING METHYL GREEN-PYRONIN STAIN AND CYTOCENTRIFUGATION

description: ABSTRACT The characteristics of the apocrine milk secretion observed in goats make it necessary to use specific techniques to determine the quantity and quality of cells found in this kind of milk. Among these characteristics is the presence of cytoplasmic bodies. The objective of the present study was to determine total leukocyte counts in the milk of healthy goats using direct microscopy and methyl green-pyronin Y and automatic cell count by flow cytometry as well as to determine leukocyte types by means of cytocentrifugation. A total of 102 milk samples from healthy Saanen, Brown Alpine and Toggenburg goats were analyzed. The median value of direct microscopic and automatic counts was 142,840 and 406,000 somatic cells/mL of milk, and mean values obtained in cytocentrifugation were 73.24 ± 18.35% neutrophils, 3.55 ± 3.06% lymphocytes and 24.33 ± 18.89% monocytes and epithelial cells. According to the results obtained, it was concluded that methyl green-pyronin Y is an important method, perhaps the most precise one, for determining cell counts in goat milk, because it excludes cytoplasmic bodies. Moreover, the different cell types found in milk are important defenses of the mammary gland against mastitis-causing pathogens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288478.v1
title: EFFECT OF THE PARASITOID AND HOST AGE ON THE REPRODUCTION OF TRICHOGRAMMA PRETIOSUM RILEY (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) IN EGGS OF BONAGOTA SALUBRICOLA (MEYRICK) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

description: ABSTRACT Biological characteristics ofTrichogramma pretiosumRiley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) strain bonagota with three ages on eggs of Bonagota salubricola (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) at five embryonic developmental stages was studied under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1º C, 70 ± 10% of relative humidity and 14 hours of photophase). B. salubricola eggs with 0–24, 24–48, 48–72, 72–96, 96–120 hours of embryonic developmental stages were offered to T. pretiosum during 24 hours using parasitoid females with 0–24, 24–48 and 48–72 life hours. Parasitoid females with age of 0– 24 hours showed a higher parasitism rate in eggs of B. salubricola with 24–48 hours of embryonic development. Females with age of 24–48 and 48–72 hours, showed a preference for eggs with 0– 24 hours of embryonic development. Adult emergence and sex ratio ranged from 20.0 to 60.0% and from 0.56 to 0.85 respectively. The number of parasitoids/egg was always more than one, ranging from 1.03 to 1.14. The ideal for a biological control program of B. salubricola using T. pretiosum strain bonagota is to use parasitoids with a maximum of 24 hours of age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288476.v1
title: STUDY OF A RICINUS COMMUNIS L. (CASTOR OIL) DERIVATIVE AS A BIOCIDAL AGENT AND VISCOSITY REDUCER ON LEUCONOSTOC MESENTEROIDES IN THE SUGAR AND ALCOHOL INDUSTRIES

description: ABSTRACT Castor-oil, extracted from seeds of Ricinus communis L., is normally used in natura or in its modified form in the medical, pharmaceutical and industrial areas. One of its chemical derivates – Poliquilgerm® – has shown antifungal properties on Candida albicans, and bacteriostatic/bactericide effects on Escherichia coli reaching 99.9%. Considering these features, in the present study Poliquilgerm® was applied in cultures of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, a frequent contaminant bacterium of musts in the sugar and alcohol industries. This bacterium, when a contaminant of must, produces lactic acid as well as dextran, a polymer of glucose which may increase the viscosity of fluids in the operation. The present study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of Poliquilgerm® on viscosity produced by L. mesenteroides cultures under different conditions of various culture media, pH and temperature. A 20.56% decrease in viscosity was verified when 1.0% of the product was used, and bacterium growth inhibition after 20 hours in media with 1.0 and 0.2% of Poliquilgerm®. L. mesenteroides showed a higher growth rate in pH 6.0, at both 28 and 33º C, evidenced by greater biomass production. Also, in the culture media at this pH a greater decrease in viscosity percentages was verified at both concentrations used. The media with these same concentrations reached up to 100% decrease of UFC/mL after 24 hours in the presence of the product, observed by biomass quantification and confirmed by the Pour Plate technique.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288475.v1
title: EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON LADY BEETLES HIPPODAMIA CONVERGENS GUÉRIN-MENEVILLE (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) IN COTTON PLANT

description: ABSTRACT The combination of chemical and biological methods to control pests is essential to ensure the sustainability of agricultural system, to reduce using of chemicals products. The objective this work was to evaluate the effects of insecticides on the coccinellid predatory Hyppodamia convergens, the cotton plant, in conditions laboratory and field. Were the following treatments established, expressed in g or mL of active ingredient of insecticide per hectare: flonicamid to 50, 80 and 150 g, thiamethoxam at 200 g to 150 g acetamiprid, imidacloprid to 250 mL and control without application. The evaluation effect of insecticides applied directly and indirectly (residual effects on leaves) on H. convergens, was performed by quantification of insects survived to 7 days after application. Based on the results of experiments, we can conclude that among the insecticides evaluated, flonicamid caused the lower mortality of H. convergens. The insecticides thiamethoxam, acetamiprid and imidacloprid showed similar behavior, causing high mortality of H. convergens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288474.v1
title: EFFECT OF PESTICIDE APPLICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTROL OF STINK BUGS IN THE SOYBEAN CROP

description: ABSTRACT Stink bugs are an important pest in the soybean crop. The aim of this research was to evaluate the control of this pest with pesticides applied at two air speeds using an air assisted sleeve boom sprayer arranged with two nozzles. Two experiments were carried out at FCA/UNESP Botucatu, SP (Brazil), using soybean plants of the Conquista variety (season 2006/2007). The experimental design was randomized blocks with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions in a 2 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme (two levels of air speed, 0 and 100%, two nozzles: flat fan nozzle AXI 11002 and hollow cone nozzle JA-2, plus nontreated plots). The insecticide tiametoxam associated with lambdacialotrina (experiment 1) at 25.38 + 19.08 g i.a. ha-1 and endosulfan (experiment 2) at 437.5 g.i.a. per hectare were applied in the growth stage V6 with support of the spray Advanced Vortex 2000 using a volume rates of 200 L ha-1 for both treatments and experiments. The evaluations before (0) and 1, 3, 6, 10 and 14 days after applications were made by the method of hits on the cloth. The average numbers of stink bugs were significantly lower in treated plots in relation to nontreated plots. In general, there was no statistical difference between the application technologies in both experiments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288471.v1
title: EFFECT OF CRUDE EXTRACT AND ESSENTIAL OIL OF ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L. ON THE IN VITRO DEVELOPMENT OF CORYNESPORA CASSIICOLA AND PROTECTION OF CUCUMBER AGAINST CORINESPORA LEAF SPOT

description: ABSTRACT The control of diseases by using crude extracts (CE) and essential oils (EO) are being investigated as an alternative to conventional fungicides. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of aqueous extracts and essential oil of Achillea millefolium on mycelial growth, sporolution and spores germination of Corynespora cassiicola, as well as peroxidase activity in cucumber plants. For this, crude extract (1; 5; 10; 20 and 25%) was incorporated into potato dextrose agar medium (PDA), and essential oil (20, 40, 60, 100 and 200 mL) was distributed over the surface of the PDA. The mycelial growth was measured daily for 7 days. In the in vivo test, cucumber plants were sprayed with crude extracts at concentrations 1; 10 and 25%, and Saccharomyces cereviseae 20% (control), 4 and 2 days before and the same time as inoculation with C. cassiicola. The severity of disease and peroxidase activity were evaluated. For crude extract, neither mycelial growth nor spore germination and sporulation was inhibited at any of the tested concentrations. In the treatments with essential oil there was inhibition up to 63% of the mycelial growth. In the sporulation and spores germination the inhibition was 100% and 98%, respectively, for 200uL of EO. In the control of the disease the mosteffective treatment was the crude extract 25% when carried out at the same time as the inoculation. In the evaluated period, no peroxidase activity was found.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288468.v1
title: BOVINE CLOSTRIDIAL MYONECROSIS

description: ABSTRACT Clostridial myonecroses are highly fatal diseases, characterized by black leg and malignant oedema. In order to determine the occurrence of the different agents involved in Brazilian clostridial myonecrosis, a retrospective study was conducted concerning 30 suspected cases of blackleg and gas gangrene using a streptavidin-biotin peroxidase technique in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues of cattle from the archives of pathology of different states of Brazil. The clostridia predominantly detected wereClostridium chauvoei(70%), followed by Clostridium septicum (5 cases or 17%), C. chauvoei plus C. septicum (2 cases or 7%), C. chauvoei plus Clostridium sordellii (1 case or 3%), C. chauvoei plus Clostridium novyi type A (1 case or 3%). This is the first diagnosis of C. novyi type A in Brazil. The findings of the higher occurrence of C. chauvoei and C. septicum concur with previous works in Brazil. This article also includes the first report in Brazil of the occurrence of C. chauvoei associated with a lesion in the myocardium. Thus, this study supplies important data about the occurrence of the agents responsible for clostridial myonecrosis in different states of Brazil, these data being important for decisions relative to control of these diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288466.v1
title: GRANULOMATOUS MENINGOMYELOENCEPHALITIS IN A CALF CAUSED BY MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS

description: ABSTRACT Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis, characterized by respiratory disorders, emaciation and lymphadenomegaly. Neurological signs associated with granulomatous lesions in the central nervous system are rarely seen. In Brazil, the National Program for Control and Eradication of bovine tuberculosis has begun in 2001, and notification of the disease is compulsory. A case of tuberculous meningomyeloencephalitis is reported in a dairy calf less than one year old presenting neurological signs (irritability, aggressiveness, weakness, dizziness and recumbency) which progressed to death in three days. Brain, spinal cord, and lung tissue samples were examined histopathologically. The spinal cord showed granulomatous meningomyelitis with Langhans giant cells in the meninges and perivascular mononuclear cuffing in the white and gray matter. There were a few granulomas in the cerebral cortex with a central area of necrosis surrounded by mononuclear infiltrate. Mononuclear perivascular cuffing, satellitosis, hyperemia, and severe granulomatous meningitis with Langhans giant cells were observed in the neuropile. Samples of brain were inoculated into Petragnani and Stonebrink media. M. bovis was isolated and identified by PCR with JB21-JB22 primers. Considering the 2,888 samples of bovine CNS sent for surveillance of neurological syndrome and negative for Rabies, this was the only case of tuberculous meningomyeloencephalitis (0,035%) diagnosed from 2004 to 2008 by the Laboratory of Anatomopathology of Instituto Biológico. Although tuberculous meningomyeloencephalitis is not so frequent, it’s important to diagnose M. bovis as a causative agent of bovine neurological disorders. In accordance with Brazilian regulations, sanitary measures in the infected herd (test-and-slaughter) should be adopted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288463.v1
title: RESISTANCE TO IVERMECTIN IN POPULATIONS OF MUSCA DOMESTICA (DIPTERA: MUSCIDAE) FROM POULTRY FARMS

description: ABSTRACT Larvicidal effect and resistance to ivermectin in 10 populations of Musca domestica from poultry farms was evaluated by concentration-response bioassays. For this purpose, the larval growth medium was treated with different concentrations of ivermectin (0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 ppm). As a result, larvicidal activity of ivermectin was observed and some anomalies were detected in pupae. The population from Monte Mor, SP, was the most resistant to ivermectin (LC50 = 0.262 ppm and RF = 13.1). Fly populations from Campinas, SP (LC50 = 0.141 ppm and RF = 7.1), Promissão, SP (LC50 = 0.110 ppm and RF = 5.5), Santa Cruz da Conceição, SP (LC50 = 0.102 ppm and RF = 5.1), Holambra, SP (LC50 = 0.071 ppm and RF = 3.6) and Hortolândia, SP (LC50 = 0.068 ppm and RF = 3.4) were more resistant than the ones from Sumaré, SP (LC50 = 0.052 ppm and RF = 2.6), Sarapuí, SP (LC50 = 0.050 ppm and RF = 2.5), and Itanhandu, MG (LC50 = 0.047 ppm and RF = 2.4). The population most susceptible to ivermectin was that from Grande Porto Alegre, RS (LC50 = 0.020 ppm and RF = 1.0). The results indicate that ivermectin can be effective against larvae ofM. domestica. However, since resistance was suspected in some of the populations studied, it is important to carry out new studies in these places.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288462.v1
title: SELECTIVITY OF INSECTICIDES USED IN THE CORN CROP TO ADULTS OFDORU LINEARE (ESCHSCHOLTZ, 1822) (DERMAPTERA: FORFICULIDAE)

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of insecticides used in the corn crop to Doru lineare (Eschscholtz, 1822) (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), following methodology suggested by IOBC/WPRS, under laboratory conditions. Adult insects were placed on glass plates or fed on Spodoptera frugiperda eggs, both containing previously sprayed insecticide residues. The adult mortality by the residual contact was used to classify insecticides as harmless (&lt; 30%), slightly harmful (30-79%), moderately harmful (80-99%) and harmful (&gt; 99%). The adult mortality due to consumption of the contaminated eggs was compared to the control. For adults ofD. linearein residual contact after 360 HASE (hours after start of exposure) the insecticides Decis 25 EC, Dimilin, Engeo Pleno, Karate Zeon 250 CS, Lorsban 480 BR, Match EC, Neem Azal and Sevin 480 SC were harmful. Certero, Fastac 100 SC and Tracer were moderately harmful. Intrepid 240 SC and Mimic 240 SC were slightly harmful. The mortality of adults after consumption of contaminated eggs was noteworthy for the insecticides Certero, Dimilin, Tracer, Engeo Pleno, Lorsban 480 BR and Sevin 480 SC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288460.v1
title: USE OF SPOLIGOTYPING FOR GENETIC TYPING OF MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS ISOLATES FROM SLAUGHTERED ANIMALS IN THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF SALVADOR, BAHIA, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Tuberculosis is an infectious chronic disease that affects mammals and birds and constitutes a serious problem for public and animal health. Pulmonary and mediastinic lymph node lesions of 43 animals slaughtered in 3 slaughterhouses in the metropolitan region of the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, were analyzed with the objective of obtaining a molecular survey of the disease in bovines slaughtered in slaughterhouses in the state. Seven isolates ofMycobacterium bovis were identified through the spoligotyping technique and classified into 3 different spoligotypes (SB1055, SB0120, SB0268), described in Brazil and in many areas worldwide. The results indicate that the diagnostic method utilized may contribute to the creation of a database for the epidemiologic study of bovine tuberculosis in the state of Bahia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288459.v1
title: ISOLATION OF CORYNEBACTERIUM PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS FROM THE SEMEN OF A SHEEP IN THE CENTRAL REGION OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The present paper describes the isolation of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis from a semen sample of a Suffolk ram from São Martinho da Serra County, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Physical examination revealed a subcutaneous mass close to the insertion of the scrotum, more specifically around the left pampiniform plexus. A routine andrological exam with semen collection was performed. Also, the mass was aspirated yielding a viscous greenish material. Samples were sent to a bacteriology lab for culture and identification. Gram positive coccobacillus C. pseudotuberculosis was isolated from both samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288458.v1
title: EFFECT OF PLANT EXTRACTS ON THE MORTALITY OF SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (J. E. SMITH) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) CATERPILLARS

description: ABSTRACT The armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is considered the main pest of the maize crop, being responsible for the intense use of synthetic insecticide in agricultural areas and the consequent rise in costs and environmental concerns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 20 plant extracts on the larval mortality of S. frugiperda. Extracts were obtained through a mix of plant leaves or roots, in a 1:10 proportion. The infusion was obtained by the addition of hot water at 90ºC and the grinding was prepared with water at 4º C. Sixty second-instar caterpillars were used per treatment in the bioassays when 100 ?L of plant extracts were applied, while distilled water was applied in the control treatments. The plant extracts were assessed by spectrophotometry and SDS-PAGE. Of the 20 species tested, 7 showed mortality for caterpillars S. frugiperda. Petiveria alliacea. Malva sylvestris. Bacharis genistelloides,Zengiber officinale. Artemisia verlotorum,Cymbopogon citratus and Ruta graveolens. Mortality rates caused by these extracts must be related to substances that have not been evaluated and should be the target of future studies.