cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/qsk0gq
title: Pak-US Relations: Understanding of the Misunderstandings

description: This paper critically analyses the US and Pakistan relations in historical context and thereby comprehends the causes of misunderstandings between them, especially under the new administration of Donal Trump. Like other states in our world both Pakistan and USA have priorities to secure their national interests as both have their own way of protecting their interest in short, medium or long terms. The paper finds that unlike the US which makes a policy that focuses only on the current scenarios, Pakistan keeps in view the lessons from past betrayals from US and her future needs arising from her security issues related to her neighbours i.e. Afghanistan and India. Pakistan also fears Indian involvement in Afghanistan and the US support to India in Afghanistan in general and particularly in the region. Pakistan needs to understand US mistrust for rapid proliferation (even legal) to earn easy money to strengthen its weak economy. From the US perspectives, it strategy regarding Pakistan is no different from that of a major powers as she only focuses short terms objectives. USA needs to realize that the strategic location of Pakistan and the nuclear capability makes her an important country that bestows on her the right to be treated like medium power in the region. It not only about dealing with mutual misunderstandings related to realization of mutual concerns but it is also about peace, security and future of every sixth human being on earth who lives in the region or maybe its impacts can go far beyond to the whole world. Therefore, both Pakistan and the US need to address each other's concern and work on converging lines.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/qsk0gq/unwpd8
title: LjQjQqQn1Y.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/essuu4
title: Parliament not-Parliaments: Legislature of Pakistan in the Hatching (1947-69)

description: The evolution of parliamentary system in an ideological state, with two major units; miles apart on the globe, having multiple social and regional identities, and claiming being a federation has been a unique experience. After getting independence from the British, Pakistan decided to opt for a parliamentary form of government. The process was based on single house i.e. legislative assembly which was entrusted with dual responsibilities of framing the constitution and making legislation to run the state system. Initially, its membership was based on indirect elections through the elected representative on provincial basis in the elections of 1946 conducted by the British government. This system of indirect elections for national legislature was kept in practice till 1970 general elections after twenty three years of independence of Pakistan. First and second decades experienced multiple changes of electoral process and that of the practices of the floor of the constituent assembly. Apparently it is claimed that there had been major changes in the parliament of Pakistan with reference to the system of elections, and membership but certain practices seem consistent till date. The present study is an effort to analyse the early phase of the parliament which provided the basis for the parliamentary system of Pakistan.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/essuu4/mpf2tm
title: LePQw5p2IE.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/prmymo
title: Geo-Strategic Significance of Kandahar for Mughal Empire

description: Kandahar is one of the most significant and important region of Afghanistan. It had been ruled by the great dynasties like Greece, Muryans, Kushans, Hindu Shahis, Mongols and the Mughals etc. Because of its significant location, Kandahar remained the bone of contention between different Empires and dynasties. When the Mughal occupied India, it became necessary for them to make a strong hold on Kandahar because of its strategic location that connects Persia with India. Kandahar was a gateway to India from Persia and for the safety of India and Kabul the Mughals were struggling to have strong control over the area. It connects South Asian subcontinent with Central Asia, Middle East and the Persian Gulf. On the other side Persia considered Kandahar as her integral part particularly from the reign of Shah Tahmasp and always remained busy in taking its control from the Mughals. It was necessary for them to take control of Kandahar for accomplishing the Safavid expansion policy. Thus, Kandahar remained a sandwich between two great Empires.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/prmymo/ly4hya
title: xIIKxwtbBv.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/ylmxnv
title: Issue of SaraikiStan: Post 18th Amendment

description: The paper primarily focuses on salient dynamics voiced for division of Punjab and establishment of Saraiki Province and is aiming to aware coming parliamentarians regarding the sensitive issue so that they can make themselves capable to develop skill to resolve such generic issues. The non-justifiable allocation and distribution of resources by the federal government not only created hatred between East and West Pakistan in 1971 but later on among four provinces of Pakistan as well. For the last more than seventy years, the inspirations of ethnicity and regionalism evoked by Pukhtoons, Baluchis, Muhajirs and Saraikis made the process of national integration complex and so politicized different socio-economic and issues concerning different people of different regions which sometimes led to civil war situations in Pakistan. Though state’s constitution provided equal rights and opportunities to all nationalities in all spheres of life. However the feeling of provincialism or regionalism awakens in the minds when the people of a particular area are continuously neglected by the ruling class and so they are politically educated as backward and discriminated people by their local leaders. In this way, these leaders keep political hold over the specified area and its people. Regional disparities in terms of revenue and consumptions have awakened the perception of ignorance and discrimination and this is the reason that PML (N) faced severe hurdles and the repatriation of its own parliamentarians as the Saraiki community has been continuously neglected by the Punjabi dominated Political Party in the National legislature
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/ylmxnv/5csldb
title: qtk3aI6XNy.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/6hknji
title: Resurgent Russian Ingress in Afghanistan: Implications for Pakistan

description: After the fall of soviet-empire, Afghanistan became the playground of international players, with covert and overt agenda towards the country. It has also become a breeding ground for militant organization. Russia, after her recent show of power in the Middle East has set her eye on its regional chessboard. For protecting its borders from incursion of extremism and the menace of drug trafficking which is gaining pace, Russia is entering Afghanistan again. This time she has found her 'favorite' jihadis on their side, the Taliban. How the entrance of resurgent power in the existing world order will have an impact on the country already going through the tough tides of unfolding international arena, Pakistan. The paper delineates, how the geo-political scenario compelled Moscow to get into bargaining with its rivals and what are the impacts on Pakistan.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/6hknji/ouyuga
title: 0yJg25mcxH.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/u6qdoq
title: Pakistan Internal Security Dilemma: Strategic Dimension

description: The paper reflects on Pakistan's complex security situation and the causes of current challenges that Pakistan is facing due to vacillating foreign policies. It also reviews the role of factors that contributed towards the instability of the country. After Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, Pakistan involved in a proxy war and trained Mujahideen to liberate Afghanistan. In 1980's sectarianism floored the state, and since it has rooted in Pakistani society. The country brokered several Post-Soviet peace agreements between different militaristic groups in Afghanistan but in vain. Finally, it recognized Taliban for the cause of peace (though temporary) on its Western border. After 9/11 the country had to reluctantly take a "U" turn on its Afghan policy under immense US pressure. This swing of policy opened a Pandora-box for the country i.e. terrorism, Jihadist, ethnicity, sectarianism, economic and political instability in Pakistan. In this state of affairs corruption, deteriorating law and order situation, political instability and economic fragility, variables of internal security, act as key factors in a peaceful solution of conflicts.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/u6qdoq/zhvpsi
title: VTwLD89vtA.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/idngyn
title: Revisiting the Relationship between Military Expenditure and Economic Growth in Pakistan

description: This study aims to examine relationship of military expenditure and economic growth in different phases of military regimes in the context of Pakistan. This study uses two-state Markov switching models with Constant Transition Probability (CTP) and Time Varying Transition Probabilities (TVTP) for the time period: 1973-2014. This investigation analyses two sorts of relations between military expenditures and economic development through fixed transition probability Markov exchanging models. To begin with, there is negative connection between GDP growth and military expenditures during a high variance state (i.e. having low economic growth). Second, there is positive relation between both variables, during low variance state (i.e. having higher economic growth) which is also supported by idea of Keynesian income multiplier. Another, empirical test of time varying transition probability model was used to capture the switch through indicator variable. Results of the study suggest that chances of switching are increased from low to high economic growth. The chances of switching increase from lower to higher economic growth period (or high variance period) if non-military expenditure increases. The study concludes that military expenditure and economic growth are state dependent. If conditions of economy are stable then increase of expenditure results in positive outcomes, otherwise, it affects negatively. Empirical findings suggest that military spending should be planned in accordance to the economic performance of the country.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/idngyn/zoujes
title: ZlOSHeYKdU.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/swowap
title: Indigenous Culture and Academic Discourse: A Critique of English Textbooks in Pakistan

description: The paper aims to explore how far English textbooks in Pakistan embody Pakistan and its culture. In this connection, the reading passages and pictures/images of the textbooks taught at secondary level in the government schools of Punjab were analyzed. It was a mixed method study and the specific method employed was content analysis. For this purpose all the reading passages of both the textbooks were firstly categorized and quantified into three categories; Source Culture/s, Other Culture/s and Neutral and then the cultural elements of Source Culture/s were discussed qualitatively using an adapted checklist. The results of the study reveal that the English textbook of class 9 has 12 passages out of which 75% have Source cultural elements, 8.83% have cultural elements of Other Culture/s and 16.66% are Neutral. As far as the English textbook of class 10 is concerned, there are 13 reading passages out of which 23.07% have Source cultural elements, 15.38% have cultural elements of Other Culture/s and 61.53% are Neutral. The findings of the study show that English, being an international language and as a result of globalization, has become compulsory for people belonging to different countries to learn it. However, in order to retain their identity, they try to appropriate English language to underpin their own culture/s through English language used in the textbooks of Pakistan.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/swowap/ht5wgz
title: fCycsk5KyL.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/seu5bq
title: The State of Human Rights in Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan

description: The respect of human rights in a society determines the destination of that society or state. It is the level of satisfaction of citizens of a country which convinces them to work for the growth and progress of that state or society. The people of FATA are living under a draconian law which is known as Frontier Crime Regulations (FCR). There is agrave human rights violation of the people of FATA under this law. Freedom of speech, freedom of expression etc. are hampered by the FCR and the common people live under a threat of collective punishment as well. Moreover, due to military operations against the militants in the area, millions of people from FATA have been displaced. At times, there are grave violations of human rights of the displaced persons as well. This paper will explore the state of human rights in FATA in general and evaluates its impact on the Federation of Pakistan. The paper evaluates different instances of human rights violation in various agencies of FATA and their root causes as well.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/seu5bq/doz6rv
title: ApyL2UTE2T.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/dq9qe1
title: New Great Game in Central Asia: An Analysis of China’s Interests

description: The importance of Central Asia for China increased with the change in international power structure, growth of its economy, rapid industrialization and increase in population. China is regarded as the second largest energy consumer in the world while Central Asia has rich energy resources and raw materials complementary for its economic growth. It is interested in the energy resources of Central Asia for the security of its energy supply and a large market for its finished goods. Prior to Central Asian energy resources, China was importing oil from the Middle East. The route of oil supply from M.E to China was passing through Malacca strait, under the control of United States, a perceived rival of China in the world politics. In case of conflict this route may be blocked by United States. This situation worried the Chinese policy makers and prepared a comprehensive policy regarding the energy resources of Central Asian region. Energy is not the only concern of China in Central Asia; it is also worried about the security of its Xinjiang, sharing border with some Central Asian Republics (CARs). About 60% of the population of Xinjiang are Uyghur Muslims. The same ethnic community also exists on the other side of the border in the Central Asian Republics. China has an apprehension that in case of instability in the region, terrorists organizations may instigate the China’s Uyghur for independence. That is why, China is supporting United States in its fight against terrorism. Politically, it wants to reduce the influence of United States in the region by integration with the CARs (Central Asian Republics) through SCO particularly after US military penetration in the region in 2001. Applying a descriptive-analytical approach in the paper, the interests of China in CARs are surveyed.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/dq9qe1/tvwgcc
title: wE6fN6YrZV.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/wwqkjw
title: Importance of Social Mobilization Intervention of Crop

description: This research study is carried out to know about the importance of social mobilization intervention of Crop Maximization Project on the socio-economic development of small farmers of district Charsadda. The objective of this research study was to know about the role of the social mobilization of the project in uplifting the social and economic conditions of small farmers of the targeted area. The present research study was carried out in union councils Rajjar-II and Sarki Tetara of Tehsil and district Charsadda. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for data collection from 150 respondents, who were purposively selected through random sampling method. The analyzed data indicated that 100% of the respondents were fully satisfied the role played by social mobilization in their motivation, awareness, empowerment, capacity building and organization. Majority (93.3%) of the respondents utilized these skills empowerment for their social and economic development while only 6.7% of them got no benefits. The research findings indicates that effective social mobilization can pave the way for other practical developmental initiatives by motivating, organizing and building the capacity of the targeted population. In future rural development projects there should be effective social mobilization sector, which can bring the maximum number of the targeted population in main stream to get the maximum benefits from the development projects
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/wwqkjw/85gnnm
title: 39xZ1ejBmQ.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.57966/zm7f-2w21
title: Exporter Dynamics Database
DOI: 10.57966/1zha-z524
title: Worldwide - Reservoir and Dams
DOI: 10.57966/cnwp-wz03
title: Jobs
DOI: 10.57966/0a6z-ma60
title: Global Land Cover [2009]
DOI: 10.57966/rqsw-xx76
title: Derived map of global electricity transmission and distribution lines
DOI: 10.57966/gsc7-pm93
title: Socio-Economic Database for Latin America and the Caribbean
DOI: 10.57966/3cgv-e963
title: Procuring Infrastructure - Public-Private Partnership
DOI: 10.57966/cby1-qa65
title: ESA CCI Land Cover -  Sentinel-2A Prototype Land Cover 20 meter Map of Africa 2016
DOI: 10.57966/93kb-d034
title: Export Value Added Database
DOI: 10.57966/kzs5-r509
title: Crowd-Sourced Price Collection
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21948524.v1
title: "Cross-reactivity influences changes in human influenza A virus (IAV) and Epstein Barr virus-(EBV) specific CD8 memory T cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta repertoires between young and old"

description: The dataset contains Adaptive ImmunoSEQ data for human T Cell Receptors as described in the manuscript "Cross-reactivity influences changes in human influenza A virus (IAV) and Epstein Barr virus-(EBV) specific CD8 memory T cell receptor (TCR) alpha and beta repertoires between young and old" by Fransenio Clark, Anna Gil, Ishwor Thapa, Nuray Aslan, Dario Ghersi, Liisa Kaarina Selin.
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/4893553
title: Printed Digits Dataset
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21829905.v4
title: Datasets for single-cell-resolution spatial mapping by SC2Spa

description: <strong>Title</strong><br> Datasets for high resolution spatial mapping for SC2Spa<br> <strong>Author(s)</strong><br> Linbu Liao<br> <strong>Categories</strong><br> Bioinformatic methods development<br> <strong>Item type</strong><br> dataset<br> <strong>Keyword(s)</strong><br> Spatial transcriptomics, Spatial inference <br> <strong>File description</strong><br> AdataMH1.h5ad is the processed mouse hippocampus spatial transcriptomics data file of puck_200115_08 from Slide-seqV2 paper[1]. AMB_HC.h5ad is a processed mouse hippocampus scRNA-seq data file[2]. The datasets are saved in Anndata format. ssHippo_RCTD.csv is the annotation for the AdataMH1.h5ad file by RCTD[3]. AdataMH2.h5ad is the processed mouse hippocampus spatial transcriptomics data file of puck_191204_01 from the Slide-seqV2 paper[1]. slideSeq_Puck190926_03_RCTD.csv is the annotation file for AdataEmbryo1.h5ad. AdataEmbryo1.h5ad is preprocessed file of puck_190926_03 (a mouse emrbyo Slide-seqV2[1] dataset). C2L.zip is the cell2location[4] data used in the analysis of SC2Spa manuscript. The datasets were used for the spatial mapping of SC2Spa. <br> <strong>Repositories</strong> The github website of SC2Spa: https://github.com/linbuliao/SC2Spa The github repository for SC2Spa analysis: https://github.com/linbuliao/SC2Spa_Notebooks <strong>Documentation</strong> The Read the Docs website of SC2Spa: https://sc2spa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ <br> <strong>References</strong> [1] Stickels RR, Murray E, Kumar P, Li J, Marshall JL, Di Bella DJ, Arlotta P, Macosko EZ, Chen F: <strong>Highly sensitive spatial transcriptomics at near-cellular resolution with Slide-seqV2.</strong> <em>Nature Biotechnology</em> 2020. [2] Saunders A, Macosko EZ, Wysoker A, Goldman M, Krienen FM, de Rivera H, Bien E, Baum M, Bortolin L, Wang SY, et al: <strong>Molecular Diversity and Specializations among the Cells of the Adult Mouse Brain.</strong> <em>Cell</em> 2018, <strong>174:</strong>1015-+. [3] Cable DM, Murray E, Zou LS, Goeva A, Macosko EZ, Chen F, Irizarry RA: <strong>Robust decomposition of cell type mixtures in spatial transcriptomics. </strong>Nat Biotechnol 2021. [4] Kleshchevnikov V, Shmatko A, Dann E, Aivazidis A, King HW, Li T, Elmentaite R, Lomakin A, Kedlian V, Gayoso A, et al: <strong>Cell2location maps fine-grained cell types in spatial transcriptomics.</strong> <em>Nat Biotechnol</em> 2022, <strong>40:</strong>661-671. <br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21829905.v5
title: Datasets for single-cell-resolution spatial mapping by SC2Spa

description: <strong>Title</strong><br> Datasets for high resolution spatial mapping for SC2Spa<br> <strong>Author(s)</strong><br> Linbu Liao<br> <strong>Categories</strong><br> Bioinformatic methods development<br> <strong>Item type</strong><br> dataset<br> <strong>Keyword(s)</strong><br> Spatial transcriptomics, Spatial inference <br> <strong>File description</strong><br> AdataMH1.h5ad is the processed mouse hippocampus spatial transcriptomics data file of puck_200115_08 from Slide-seqV2 paper[1]. AMB_HC.h5ad is a processed mouse hippocampus scRNA-seq data file[2]. The datasets are saved in Anndata format. ssHippo_RCTD.csv is the annotation for the AdataMH1.h5ad file by RCTD[3]. SI_T2_WD.h5 is the traned model for mapping mouse hippocampus cells to space. WDs_T2.csv includes the Wasserstain distance of genes between the scRNA-seq dataset[2] and the mouse hippocampus Slide-seqV2[1] dataset. <br> AdataMH2.h5ad is the processed mouse hippocampus spatial transcriptomics data file of puck_191204_01 from the Slide-seqV2 paper[1]. slideSeq_Puck190926_03_RCTD.csv is the annotation file for AdataEmbryo1.h5ad. AdataEmbryo1.h5ad is preprocessed file of puck_190926_03 (a mouse emrbyo Slide-seqV2[1] dataset). C2L.zip is the cell2location[4] data used in the analysis of SC2Spa manuscript. The datasets were used for the spatial mapping of SC2Spa. <br> <strong>Repositories</strong> The github website of SC2Spa: https://github.com/linbuliao/SC2Spa The github repository for SC2Spa analysis: https://github.com/linbuliao/SC2Spa_Notebooks <strong>Documentation</strong> The Read the Docs website of SC2Spa: https://sc2spa.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ <br> <strong>References</strong> [1] Stickels RR, Murray E, Kumar P, Li J, Marshall JL, Di Bella DJ, Arlotta P, Macosko EZ, Chen F: <strong>Highly sensitive spatial transcriptomics at near-cellular resolution with Slide-seqV2.</strong> <em>Nature Biotechnology</em> 2020. [2] Saunders A, Macosko EZ, Wysoker A, Goldman M, Krienen FM, de Rivera H, Bien E, Baum M, Bortolin L, Wang SY, et al: <strong>Molecular Diversity and Specializations among the Cells of the Adult Mouse Brain.</strong> <em>Cell</em> 2018, <strong>174:</strong>1015-+. [3] Cable DM, Murray E, Zou LS, Goeva A, Macosko EZ, Chen F, Irizarry RA: <strong>Robust decomposition of cell type mixtures in spatial transcriptomics. </strong>Nat Biotechnol 2021. [4] Kleshchevnikov V, Shmatko A, Dann E, Aivazidis A, King HW, Li T, Elmentaite R, Lomakin A, Kedlian V, Gayoso A, et al: <strong>Cell2location maps fine-grained cell types in spatial transcriptomics.</strong> <em>Nat Biotechnol</em> 2022, <strong>40:</strong>661-671. <br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17707817.v2
title: The mitochondrial genome of Isognomon nucleus and mitogenomics of Pteriomorphia (Bivalvia: Autobranchia)

description: These supplementary data cover tables, figures and data sets used to generate, annotate and phylogenetically place the mitochondrial genome of the pterioid pearl oyster Isognomon nucleus. <br> This paper is ACCEPTED and the files have been subjected to peer-review.