cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.j3ak0x
title: A large net carbon loss attributed to anthropogenic and natural disturbances in the Amazon Arc of Deforestation

description: The Amazon forest contains globally important carbon stocks, but in recent years, atmospheric measurements suggest that it has been releasing more carbon than it has absorbed because of deforestation and forest degradation. Accurately attributing the sources of carbon loss to forest degradation and natural disturbances remains a challenge because of the difficulty of classifying disturbances and simultaneously estimating carbon changes. We used an unprecedented, randomized, repeated, very high-resolution airborne laser scanning survey to provide a direct, detailed, and high-resolution partitioning of aboveground carbon gains and losses in the Brazilian Arc of Deforestation. Our analysis revealed that disturbances directly attributed to human activity impacted 4.2% of the survey area while windthrows and other disturbances affected 2.7% and 14.7% respectively. Extrapolating the lidar-based statistics to the study area (544,300 km2), we found that 24.1, 24.2, and 14.5 Tg C y-1 were lost through clearing, fires, and logging, respectively. The losses due to large windthrows (21.5 Tg C y-1) and other disturbances (50.3 Tg C y-1) were partially counterbalanced by forest growth (44.1 Tg C y-1). Our high-resolution estimates demonstrated a greater loss of carbon through forest degradation than through deforestation and a net loss of carbon of 90.5 ± 20.8 Tg C y-1 for the study region attributable to both anthropogenic and natural processes. This study highlights the role of forest degradation in the carbon balance for this critical region in the Earth system.
DOI: 10.26030/3jq1-s218
title: Dynamic gene expression response to altered gravity in human T cells (sounding rocket flight)

description: We investigated differentially regulated genes in human Jurkat T lymphocytic cells in 20s and 5min microgravity and in hypergravity and compared expression profiles to identify potential gravity-regulated genes and adaptation processes. This dataset is part of a series of three, and the other two datasets are deposited in GLDS-172 and GLDS-189.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.tafw1f
title: Astronomical Observations in Support of Planetary Entry-probes to the Outer Planets

description: A team of Earth-based astronomical observers supporting a giant planet entry-probe event substantially enhances the scientific return of the mission. An observers’ team provides spatial and temporal context, additional spectral coverage, viewing geometries that are not available from the probe or the main spacecraft, tracking, supporting data in case of a failure, calibration benchmarks, and additional opportunities for education and outreach. The capabilities of the support program can be extended by utilizing archived data. The existence of a standing group of observers facilitates the path towards acquiring Director’s Discretionary Time at major telescopes, if, for example, the probe’s entry date moves. The benefits of a team convened for a probe release provides enhanced scientific return throughout the mission. Finally, the types of observations and the organization of the teams described in this paper could serve as a model for flight projects in general.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.rkxosb
title: Coastal Flood Hazard Workshop: Advancements in Bridging Scales and Disciplines for Future Risk Assessment

description: This workshop brought together researchers with technical expertise in predicting and evaluating coastal flood hazards and potential impacts in a changing climate with the goal of assessing state-of-the-art methods, determining knowledge gaps, and identifying future research pathways that can inform community-level flood risk and adaptation planning.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.w2xcpe
title: Robotic Exploration of Martian Caves: Evaluating Operational Concepts through Analog Experiments in Lava Tubes

description: Caves on Mars are a tantalizing target for exploration, as they could harbor evidence of extinct or extant life, clues to the planet's geological history, and even potential future human habitation. However, the inherent challenges of navigating unknown and challenging terrain, coupled with limited communication capabilities, pose significant obstacles for robotic exploration in these caves. This paper presents the results of an effort to evaluate different operational concepts for a mission dedicated to explore caves on Mars. We conducted a series of analog exploration experiments in lava tubes on Earth, testing two hypotheses: 1) that two robots are more effective than one, and 2) that high levels of autonomy are more effective than low levels of autonomy. Our findings suggest that two robots are indeed more effective, except in low autonomy cases, where more operational resources are required. We also found that full autonomy is more efficient than low autonomy, as it enables quicker exploration and detection of targets of interest. However, the low autonomy cases benefited from the operator input to acquire higher quality data, an area of autonomy requiring further development. This paper provides insight into the design of our experiments, as well as detailing the results and implications for the design of future missions to explore caves on Mars. By shedding light on the operational concepts tested and their corresponding outcomes, we contribute to the knowledge base required to formulate optimal strategies for the realization of successful cave exploration missions on the Red Planet.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.npwg3z
title: Understanding Martian Samples as Hazards and Resources - Usefulness for Future Planetary Exploration

description: One of the most surprising and most important discovery of the first human landings on the Moon was the discovery of a very fine layer of lunar dust covering the entire surface of Moon. We subsequently learned that this layer of dust had a very negative impact on the astronauts, their well-being, and their mission equipment and instrumentation. The United States is now planning a human mission to Mars, a very dusty planet with orders of magnitude more atmospheric dust than the Moon and Earth. For these missions, the design and operations of key hardware systems must take this dust into account, both for their effective use, as well as for the protection of the crew from both short-term and long-term adverse effects from exposure. Additionally, dust in the atmosphere of Mars has the potential of transporting Earth microorganisms inadvertently brought to Mars by the astronauts and their equipment (forward planetary contamination) and inadvertently transporting potential Mars microorganisms back to Earth with the returning astronauts (backward planetary contamination). It is well documented that that on Earth, atmospheric dust transports terrestrial microorganisms for thousands of miles through the atmosphere. This forward and backward planetary contamination clearly violates the United Nations Outer Space Treaty (1967) signed by all spacefaring nations. In this paper, we review the impact of lunar dust on the Apollo missions and identify several questions about dust in the atmosphere of Mars that may be answered by the Mars Sample Return (MSR) Mission and its returned Mars samples.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.tanyoi
title: Impact of Warehouse Expansion on Ambient PM2.5 and EC Levels in Southern California's Disadvantaged Communities: A Two-Decade Analysis

description: Over the past two decades, the surge in warehouse construction near seaports and in 44 economically lower-cost land areas has intensified product transportation and e45 commerce activities, particularly affecting air quality and health in nearby socially 46 disadvantaged communities. This study, spanning from 2000 to 2019 in Southern 47 California, investigated the relationship between ambient concentrations of PM2.5 and 48 elemental carbon (EC) and the proliferation of warehouses. Utilizing satellite-driven 49 estimates of annual mean ambient pollution levels at the zip code level and linear mixed 50 effect models, significant associations were found between warehouse characteristics 51 such as rentable building area (RBA), number of loading docks (LD), and parking 52 spaces (PS), and increases in PM2.5 and EC concentrations. After adjusting for 53 demographic covariates, an Interquartile Range (IQR) increase of the RBA, LD, and PS 54 were associated with a 0.20 µg/m³ (95% CI = [0.17, 0.22], p &lt; 0.001), 0.12 µg/m³ (95% 55 CI = [0.10, 0.13], p &lt; 0.001), and 0.22 µg/m³ (95% CI = [0.19, 0.25], p &lt; 0.001) increase 56 in PM2.5, respectively. For EC concentrations, an IQR increase of RBA, LD, and PS 57 were each associated with a 0.026 µg/m³ (95% CI = [0.024, 0.028], p &lt; 0.001), 0.014 58 µg/m³ (95% CI = [0.013, 0.015], p &lt; 0.001), and 0.026 µg/m³ (95% CI = [0.024, 0.029], p 59 &lt; 0.001) increase. The study also highlighted that disadvantaged populations, including 60 racial/ethnic minorities, individuals with lower education levels, renters, and lower61 income earners, were disproportionately affected by higher pollution levels.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.mlfv2a
title: Constraints on fth forces and ultralight dark matter from OSIRIS-REx target asteroid Bennu

description: It is important to test the possible existence of  fth forces, as ultralight bosons which would mediate these are predicted to exist in several well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model. Recent work indicated asteroids as promising probes, but applications to real data are lacking so far. Here we use the OSIRIS-REx mission and ground-based tracking data for the asteroid Bennu to derive constraints on  fth forces. Our limits are strongest for mediator masses m   (10􀀀18-10􀀀17) eV, where we currently achieve the tightest bounds. These can be translated to a wide class of models leading to Yukawa-type  fth forces, and we demonstrate how they apply to U(1)B dark photons and baryon-coupled scalars. Our results demonstrate the potential of asteroid tracking in probing well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model and ultralight bosons near the fuzzy dark matter range.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ubn5lj
title: Mesoscale air motion and thermodynamics predict heavy hourly U.S. precipitation

description: Predicting heavy precipitation remains scientifically challenging. Here we combine Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) temperature and moisture soundings and weather forecast winds to predict the formation of thermodynamic conditions favourable for convection in the hours following a satellite overpass. We treat AIRS retrievals as air parcels that are moved adiabatically to generate time-varying fields. Over much of the Central-Eastern Continental U.S. during the non-winter months of 2019—2020, our derived convective available potential energy (CAPE) is strongly predictive of intense precipitation. For hourly precipitation above the 99.9th percentile, performance is marginally lower than forecasts from a convection permitting model, but similar to the ERA5 reanalysis and substantially better than using the original AIRS soundings. Our results illustrate how mesoscale advection is a major contributor to the development of heavy precipitation in our region. Long-term satellite sounder records that employ trajectory enhancement could be a novel approach to quantify trends in climate-related risks from heavy precipitation.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k3sm3y
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 597 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-48.82824 -2.60153,-48.8244 -2.61759,-48.83277 -2.63615,-48.85354 -2.64452,-48.86244 -2.66724,-48.89369 -2.68382,-48.9128 -2.70978,-48.93758 -2.72793,-48.95014 -2.76143,-48.9911 -2.79585,-48.98672 -2.80956,-48.97482 -2.81459,-48.98022 -2.83207,-49.02488 -2.85147,-49.03294 -2.86134,-49.03085 -2.88649,-49.03724 -2.90989,-49.02516 -2.91265,-49.03494 -2.92715,-49.02315 -2.94534,-49.00494 -2.94812,-49.00362 -2.9611,-48.99194 -2.97756,-48.99688 -3.02016,-48.99052 -3.06328,-48.98177 -3.07035,-48.96977 -3.06857,-48.96394 -3.08075,-48.94699 -3.08618,-48.93855 -3.10732,-48.9193 -3.10809,-48.92124 -3.12708,-48.9121 -3.14448,-48.91538 -3.15822,-48.96671 -3.21328,-48.95712 -3.28242,-48.95083 -3.29109,-48.9439 -3.37862,-48.93334 -3.40834,-48.90744 -3.3955,-48.89448 -3.37558,-48.86519 -3.39017,-48.81953 -3.38007,-48.79948 -3.35939,-48.75703 -3.34352,-48.70591 -3.29984,-48.69001 -3.29317,-48.66752 -3.25404,-48.64169 -3.23304,-48.5906 -3.22552,-48.55177 -3.19729,-48.53057 -3.19567,-48.51857 -3.16575,-48.51727 -3.14006,-48.49393 -3.09765,-48.52841 -3.05439,-48.51563 -3.03663,-48.55383 -2.97154,-48.55774 -2.94923,-48.53294 -2.91902,-48.52916 -2.88604,-48.50949 -2.85382,-48.48237 -2.85044,-48.47618 -2.84219,-48.4978 -2.80733,-48.48832 -2.7935,-48.48432 -2.76596,-48.4634 -2.74,-48.45385 -2.69635,-48.47451 -2.65593,-48.46333 -2.60129,-48.49205 -2.59145,-48.49538 -2.55895,-48.50465 -2.55597,-48.51252 -2.53465,-48.52971 -2.52888,-48.56743 -2.48319,-48.59708 -2.48129,-48.6103 -2.46267,-48.62837 -2.45129,-48.66129 -2.4652,-48.68111 -2.45966,-48.69229 -2.46786,-48.70054 -2.46331,-48.70003 -2.44671,-48.69264 -2.44246,-48.69354 -2.43249,-48.68606 -2.43045,-48.69646 -2.39779,-48.72587 -2.42661,-48.75485 -2.43076,-48.79346 -2.4766,-48.79399 -2.49086,-48.80844 -2.50045,-48.82221 -2.52548,-48.8246 -2.53562,-48.81557 -2.56412,-48.82824 -2.60153))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 597 records were derived from 51 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020176-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jwzpwu
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 255 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is South America",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "PublishingOrg is 838537fc-4aeb-4980-8b58-97fbdcd1d91a",
 "TaxonKey is Passiflora edulis Sims"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 255 records from 33 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020190-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k85mrs
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 49067 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "or" : [
 "TaxonKey is Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers."
 ]
 },
 "HasCoordinate is TRUE",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2010",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2020",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than or equal to 45.830029296875",
 "DecimalLatitude is less than or equal to 47.775634765625",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than or equal to 5.97001953125002",
 "DecimalLongitude is less than or equal to 10.45458984375",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 49067 records from 57 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020192-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pkunts
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 7 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Colombia",
 "TaxonKey is Pelargonium graveolens (Thunb.) L'Hér."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 7 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020193-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13774771
title: Trained Surface Layer Models and Metrics for "Evidential Deep Learning: Enhancing Predictive Uncertainty Estimation for Earth System Science Applications"
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13774772
title: Trained Surface Layer Models and Metrics for "Evidential Deep Learning: Enhancing Predictive Uncertainty Estimation for Earth System Science Applications"
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rztaen
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 553 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Colombia",
 "TaxonKey is Bachia Gray, 1845"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 553 records from 45 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020195-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.2zrls7
title: Design and Fabrication of Metasurfaces for wavefront sensing and high-contrast imaging in the visible

description: Future large telescopes for exoplanet detection and characterization will require exquisite starlight suppression capabilities as well as the ability to maintain stability over long time scales in order to detect faint signals from planets of interest. Coronagraphs can be employed to block out starlight, and wavefront sensors are routinely used to align and maintain the stability of telescopes. In this work we demonstrate steps towards making focal plane masks that can support both these functions simultaneously; wavefront sensing in reflection and starlight suppression in transmission. By making use of metasurfaces, a high-order Zernike wavefront sensor with extended dynamic range can be implemented in reflection, while a Lyot style coronagraph is implemented in transmission. Here we demonstrate design and fabrication of the reflective wavefront sensing metasurface, while at the same time detailing compatibility of this mask with coronography in transmission.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.il77o1
title: Development of a Lunar Surface Navigation Pseudolite Testbed

description: As the successful initial launch of the NASA Artemis program begins the process of returning astronauts to the moon and generates new commercial opportunities, Lunar navigation remains a critical challenge. Multiple proposals for Lunar Navigation Satellite System architectures have been developed to support exploration, science, and commercial endeavors on the lunar surface. However, these constellations require significant fiscal budgets, Earth-based ground station support, and have limited initial horizontal ranging performance, reducing their capabilities on the lunar surface. We propose a novel lunar surface-based Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) and emergency broadcast pseudolite system to support regional operations over exploration critical areas. This research is focused on developing a lunar pseudolite testbed with two primary objectives: testing lunar surface communication and radionavigation techniques and characterizing the performance of low-cost, commercially available radio frequency (RF) hardware alternatives for supporting lunar operations. The work is comprised of four primary phases: (1) development and testing of the communication and radionavigation protocols in a benchtop environment, (2) integration of terrestrial pseudolite testbed, (3) over-the-air demonstrations with multiple pseudolite units, and (4) characterizing the relative range, absolute positioning, and time synchronization performance with different software defined radios and reference oscillators. Pseudorandom noise (PRN) code ranging is the baseline relative positioning methodology, with tests leveraging a variety of PRN codes developed for both satellite and pseudolite navigation systems. Signal tracking, pseudorange estimation, and absolute position estimates will be obtained by modifying open-source Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) software engines. Hardware tests will be conducted to characterize the short- and long-term clock positioning errors with different families of oscillators.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.zltjds
title: An Orbit Determination Comparison Study and Demonstration for Rendezvous and Docking in a Near Rectilinear Halo Orbit from the Lunar Surface

description: For the upcoming NASA Artemis III mission and those that follow, both the Human Land- ing System (HLS) and Orion programs are invested in understanding the impacts of ground tracking performance in supporting rendezvous and docking in a Near Rectilinear Halo Or- bit (NRHO). Several critical questions must be answered to ensure mission success and crew safety and an assortment of analysis tools are being incorporated to address them. Two of these tools, LINCOV and MONTE, are currently providing program decision making results through HLS Insight, HLS NASA-collaborations, and Orion/Gateway cross-program analy- sis. To ensure consistency in the orbit determination performance, a comparison trade-study is performed using a low-lunar orbit to NRHO rendezvous scenario anticipated for the up- coming Artemis missions. An overview of the two analysis tools is provided along with a detailed step-by-step evaluation of the core capabilities and models related to the orbit deter- mination process. This incremental comparison effort reveals both tools produce consistent solutions for the criteria investigated to within 0.3% difference in the absolute position state estimate at key decision making epochs with all errors sources activated.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.eifada
title: A Novel Radar Remote Sensing Orbiting System Using Tethered Satellites

description: The objective of this paper is to analyze the performance of two different concepts of stabilized tether satel- lite systems used as a platform for a distributed radar sounder. Specifically, after introducing the Cartesian coordinate systems used, the methodology for describing the geometry of the system and its characteristics in terms of radar sounder, the advantages and disadvantages of each configuration are studied, comparing their performance with each other and with the current state of the art. The first architecture consists in a cross-track oriented tether satellite system, controlled, and stabilized exploiting the rarefied atmosphere of low orbit. The second one involves a linear tether satellite system controlled through gyroscopic stabiliza- tion, due to which a constant oscillation in the cross-track direction is guaranteed. For each of these two configurations, the characteristics and performance are analyzed. Finally, the results are compared with a free-flying configuration, underling the features that characterize these architectures and their possible applications.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.rriijk
title: SPIE conference proceedings

description: Magnetometers are not only useful for Earth-based applications, but also very important for planetary science and heliophysics investigations. This is the reason they are flown on almost all missions in space. Heritage fluxgate magnetometers and optically-pumped atomic gas magnetometers are typically large in size, weight, and require watts of power to operate, preventing their infusion onto smaller platforms like CubeSats, drones, landers, and rovers. Here, we report on the development of a 4H silicon carbide (SiC) magnetometer, promising to be a low complexity, lightweight, low power, and inexpensive alternative to these heritage technologies. It measures magnetic field induced changes in spin dependent recombination (SDR) current within a pn junction, both in vector and scalar modes, thereby giving the instrument the ability to self-calibrate in the remoteness of space.