cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14288/1.0396752
title: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-based Forest Inventory and Land Classification Map 2020 of the University of British Columbia (UBC) Vancouver Campus

description: As urban forest provides ecological, social, and economic values to the residents, forest inventory can monitor forest health. Based on the land classification map, the campus planning team pays attention to tree health in the public green space of the University of British Columbia (UBC) campus in Vancouver, Canada. Working together, the forest inventory and land classification map are the priorities of urban planning and forest health in UBC. In order to solve the knowledge gap of no current inventory and land classification map on campus, this study aimed to update the UBC tree inventory and land classification map. R algorithms extracted individual trees’ parameters and metrics like tree height and crown area using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data 2018 by the City of Vancouver. The author applied random forest classification to determine the tree species (coniferous/deciduous) with the metrics. Four major land cover types were classified by the supervised classification scheme using the UBC orthophoto 2020. The results show that there are 14165 trees (crown diameter more than 4 m) on campus, and the height estimation by the LiDAR method had an overall accuracy of 80% comparing to the field data. The campus’s total vegetation cover was 44% that is higher than the cities in Great Vancouver. The land classification map shows that most of the vegetation cover is on the southern campus. Considering the campus’s topography, coniferous trees on the southwest campus provided potential ecological implications of water retention and preventing soil erosion. The study provided the basis for future studies of trees, vegetation, and UBC Vancouver Campus land planning.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0396741
title: Using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Google Earth imagery to identify whether ponds are connected to stable ground water inputs

description: The Rangeland Department in the Kamloops District from the Government of British Columbia has recently raised concerns regarding the observation on the reduction of the number and the surface area of the grassland ponds in the Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected Area. This study aims to distinguish between the ponds with stable groundwater inputs (i.e. connected ponds) and the ponds with unstable groundwater inputs (i.e. perched ponds) to assist the government in determining reliable water sources. This research started by categorizing ponds with different surface areas as either low resilience or threatened resilience. Different terrain models were created using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data in addition to the calculation of the topographic wetness index (TWI). The classifications were validated using Google Earth and drone imagery. An overall of 121 ponds was discovered with 86 of them considered as low resilience, while the remaining 27 ponds being threatened resilience. For the low resilience ponds, 19 of them were identified as perched ponds, 47 as connected ponds, and 20 as intermediate ponds with the risk of having unstable groundwater connection that requires further analysis in the field. For the threatened resilience ponds, 5 of them were found to be perched ponds, 17 as connected ponds, and 5 as intermediate ponds. The outcome of the pond distribution indicates that the perched ponds were more likely to be found in an area with a flat slope, surrounded by grass, and low canopy coverage. Additionally, the calculated TWI was unable to differentiate between the pond types as the median groundwater levels are spatially dependent on the local topographic features.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0397869
title: Incomplete reproductive isolation and strong transcriptomic signature of hybridization between sympatric sister species of salmon

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;Global change is altering ecosystems at an unprecedented rate. The resulting shifts in species ranges and reproductive timing are opening the potential for hybridization between closely-related species which could dramatically alter the genetic diversity, adaptive capacity, and evolutionary trajectory of interbreeding taxa. Here&lt;a&gt;,&lt;/a&gt; we used behavioural breeding experiments, &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; fertilization experiments, and whole-transcriptome gene expression data to assess the potential for and consequences of hybridization between Chinook and Coho salmon. We show that behavioural and gametic prezygotic barriers between socioeconomically valuable Chinook and Coho salmon are incomplete. Postzygotically, we demonstrate a clear transcriptomic response to hybridization among F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; Chinook-Coho offspring. Genes transgressively expressed within hybrids were significantly enriched with genes encoded in the nucleus but localized to the mitochindrion, suggesting a potential role for mito-nuclear incompatibilities as a postzygotic mechanism of hybrid breakdown. Chinook and Coho salmon are expected to continue to respond to climate change with shifts in migration timing and habitat use, potentiating hybridization between these species. The downstream consequences of hybridization on the future of these threatened salmon, and the ecosystems they inhabit, is unknown.&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.14288/1.0396751
title: The Relationship between Land Surface Temperature Anomalies and Fire Occurrence in Cariboo Region in 2017

description: Wildfires can disrupt forest ecosystem, leading to a deterioration of the air quality, and loss of resources, property animals and people. Understanding the driving factors and the spatial distribution of wildfire benefits local forest fire management planning and resource allocation for fire suppression. To analyze how the land surface temperature (LST) anomaly is related to fire frequency, a fire dataset including more than 400 fires occurred in Cariboo region and a daily LST anomaly dataset based on historical MODIS observations were gathered and processed. Daily LST anomaly images on the preceding 3 days of different fire dates were extracted and associated with each fire event. Besides, a fuel type dataset was also included for evaluating the effect of fuels to fire danger. It was found that as the fire day approached, the median of LST anomaly would grow and a significant relationship (p-value = 3.22e-15) was shown between the anomaly value before and on the fire events day. Meanwhile, fires were more likely to happen when the temperature was about 1.5 degree hotter than average. The relationship was not obvious between fuel type groups and the degree of change in LST anomaly. The findings of this study can be applied as complementary guidance for fire risk prediction that facilitate preventive measures of wildfire.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0396753
title: Grassland Loss Caused by Forest Encroachment in British Columbia from 2015 to 2020

description: As a province dominated by forests and mountains, British Columbia (BC) has relatively sparse grasslands accounting for less than one percent of the province area. The BC grasslands have disappeared in large numbers since European settled, and forest encroachment is one of the main reasons for the loss of grasslands. This project aims to study the amount of BC grassland that disappeared due to forest encroachment from 2015 based on the latest data of BC grassland in 2020. Sentinel-2 for southern BC was used for random forest classification to determine the extent of forests and grasslands. The obtained grassland extents were combined with grassland-related data from the BC data catalog to create the most recent grassland map of 2020. Finally, the amount of grassland lost due to forest encroachment in the southern interior of BC was confirmed by comparing with the 2015 grassland extent data. The results show that 1,565.5 hectares of grassland were lost in B.C. compared to 2015, with 829.7 hectares lost to forest encroachment in the southern interior. This study can help the BC government and the Grassland Conservation Council of British Columbia (GCC) update and understand the current range of BC grasslands, and provide the location and quantification of grassland loss, and the BC government can carry out grassland protection actions based on this.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.6u6dvf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Miliusa velutina (Dunal) Hook.f. & Thomson",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Living Specimen, Occurrence evidence)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000475-250424135625364/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0396760
title: Burning In The Muskwa-Kechika Management Area – Halfway Region: Quantifying Landscape Structure Using Historical Aerial Photographs

description: Landscape configuration and composition change are common in rangeland management areas where burning is used to maintain grasslands on slopes. However, little is known about the spatial character of patches within landscapes. The spatial character of landscape patches can be used to link landcover patterns to fire occurrences. We conducted a study to examine the composition and configuration of landscape as a link between landcover types and fires in the Halfway Region – Muskwa Kechika Management Area (M-KMA) in British Columbia. We used historical aerial photos to characterize historical landcover changes and patterns. Historical aerial images from two time periods (1963 and1999) were segmented into homogenous landcover patches and classified into six landcover classes (water, bare land, grassland, shrubs, deciduous, coniferous) using the support vector machine algorithm. Class level landscape metrics as the number of patches (NP), percentage landscape (PLAND), mean patch size (AERA_MN) were computed to quantify landscape configuration and composition. Coniferous land cover increased from ~8% to ~30% from 1963 to 1999, replacing deciduous as the dominant land. Deciduous had a 27% negative change in the land cover area, with ~85% attributed to burning. Homogenous patches were observed for shrublands with an increase in PLAND while its number of patches decreased. Grasslands and bare land PLAND decreased in size over time, whereas their mean patch size increased. Despite the challenges in geoprocessing historical aerial photos due to differences in tone and texture properties, aerial photos contain information dating many years back, making them valuable in quantifying landscape landcover patterns. aerial photographs, landscape configuration, land cover, burning, muskwa kechika management area, remote sensing
DOI: 10.14288/1.0398070
title: Data from: Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;The idea that noncrop habitat enhances pest control and represents a win–win opportunity to conserve biodiversity and bolster yields has emerged as an agroecological paradigm. However, while noncrop habitat in landscapes surrounding farms sometimes benefits pest predators, natural enemy responses remain heterogeneous across studies and effects on pests are inconclusive. The observed heterogeneity in species responses to noncrop habitat may be biological in origin or could result from variation in how habitat and biocontrol are measured. Here, we use a pest-control database encompassing 132 studies and 6,759 sites worldwide to model natural enemy and pest abundances, predation rates, and crop damage as a function of landscape composition. Our results showed that although landscape composition explained significant variation within studies, pest and enemy abundances, predation rates, crop damage, and yields each exhibited different responses across studies, sometimes increasing and sometimes decreasing in landscapes with more noncrop habitat but overall showing no consistent trend. Thus, models that used landscape-composition variables to predict pest-control dynamics demonstrated little potential to explain variation across studies, though prediction did improve when comparing studies with similar crop and landscape features. Overall, our work shows that surrounding noncrop habitat does not consistently improve pest management, meaning habitat conservation may bolster production in some systems and depress yields in others. Future efforts to develop tools that inform farmers when habitat conservation truly represents a win–win would benefit from increased understanding of how landscape effects are modulated by local farm management and the biology of pests and their enemies.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0398083
title: Speciation and gene flow across an elevational gradient in New Guinea kingfishers

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p style="text-indent:.5in;"&gt;Closely related species with parapatric elevational ranges are ubiquitous in tropical mountains worldwide. The gradient speciation hypothesis proposes that these series are the result of &lt;i&gt;in situ &lt;/i&gt;ecological speciation driven by divergent selection across elevation. Direct tests of this scenario have been hampered by the difficulty inferring the geographic arrangement of populations at the time of divergence. In cichlids, sticklebacks, and &lt;i&gt;Timema &lt;/i&gt;stick insects, support for ecological speciation driven by other selective pressures has come from demonstrating parallel speciation, where divergence proceeds independently across replicated environmental gradients. Here, we take advantage of the unique geography of the island of New Guinea to test for parallel gradient speciation in replicated populations of &lt;i&gt;Syma&lt;/i&gt; kingfishers that show extremely subtle differentiation across elevation and between historically isolated mountain ranges. We find that currently described high elevation and low elevation species have reciprocally monophyletic gene trees and form nuclear DNA clusters, rejecting this hypothesis. However, demographic modeling suggests selection has likely maintained species boundaries in the face of gene flow following secondary contact. We compile evidence from the published literature to show that while &lt;i&gt;in situ&lt;/i&gt; gradient speciation in labile organisms such as birds appears rare, divergent selection and post-speciation gene flow may be an underappreciated force in the origin of elevational series and tropical beta diversity along mountain slopes.&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.14288/1.0407140
title: Replication Data for: Canadian Academic Nursing Librarians: Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on librarianship practice.

description: This study includes individual interviews with eleven Canadian academic nursing librarians discussing their observations of changes in practice due to the COVID-19 pandemic and considerations for future practice. Participants are recruited from CARL-ABRC institutions that have a doctoral program in nursing. Transcripts have been anonymized, de-identified and a random code has been assigned to the transcript. Interviews were conducted between April 20th to May 14, 2021.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0412608
title: Public perceptions of potential adaptations for mitigating heat stress on Australian dairy farms

description: This study investigated Australian public perceptions of heat stress mitigation strategies for dairy cattle, including perceptions of 1) cow welfare, 2) confidence in the dairy industry, and 3) trust in dairy farmers. Through an online survey, participants were presented with one of the following heat stress mitigation options: 1) indoor barn system, 2) indoor-outdoor choice system, 3) gene edition of cattle for resilience to heat stress, and 4) pasture system. Participants perceived cow welfare as lowest in the indoor system and highest in the choice and outdoor systems. Confidence in the industry was lower for the indoor system than in choice and pasture systems, and lower in the gene edition system compared to the choice system. Trust in farmers was similar across all treatments. Of value to participants was the ability of the farm system to provide cows access to pasture, accommodate their freedom of movement and choice, and align with their natural living environment.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0397815
title: Data from: Forecasting the cumulative effects of multiple stressors on breeding habitat for a steeply declining aerial insectivorous songbird, the olive-sided flycatcher (Contopus cooperi)

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;To halt ongoing loss in biodiversity, there is a need for landscape-level management recommendations that address cumulative impacts of anthropogenic and natural disturbances on wildlife habitat. We examined the cumulative effects of logging, roads, land-use change, fire, and bark beetle outbreaks on future habitat for olive-sided flycatcher (&lt;i&gt;Contopus cooperi&lt;/i&gt;), a steeply declining aerial insectivorous songbird, in Canada's western boreal forest. To predict the occurrence of olive-sided flycatcher we developed a suite of habitat suitability models using point count surveys (1997–2011) spatially- and temporally-matched with forest inventory data. Flycatcher occurrence was positively associated with small (~10 ha) 10–20-year-old clearcuts, and with 10–100% tree mortality due to mountain pine beetle (&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="background:white;"&gt;Dendroctonus ponderosae&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;) outbreaks, but we found no association with roads or distance to water. We used the parameter estimates from the best-fit habitat suitability models to inform spatially explicit state-and-transition simulation models to project change in habitat availability from 2020 to 2050 under six alternative scenarios (three management × two fire alternatives). The simulation models projected that the cumulative effects of land use conversion, forest harvesting, and fire will reduce the area of olive-sided flycatcher habitat by 16–18% under Business As Usual management scenarios and by 11–13% under scenarios that include protection of 30% of the land base. Scenarios limiting the size of all clearcuts to ≤ 10 ha resulted in a median habitat loss of 4–6%, but projections were highly variable. Under all three management alternatives, a 50% increase in fire frequency (expected due to climate change) exacerbated habitat loss. The projected losses of habitat in western boreal forest, even with an increase in protected areas, imply that reversing the ongoing population declines of olive-sided flycatcher and other migratory birds will require attention to forest management beyond protected areas. Further work should examine the effects of multiple stressors on the demographic mechanisms driving change in aerial insectivore populations, including stressors on the wintering grounds in South America, and should aim to adapt the design of protected areas and forest management policies to projected climate-driven increases in the size and frequency of wildfires.&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.15468/dl.emnvd3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4244 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Caracterización de flora y fauna en Área de perforación exploratoria LLANOS 124, departamento de Casanare y Meta, Colombia"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4244 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000476-250424135625364/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.14288/1.0397750
title: Phosphorus deficiencies invoke optimal allocation of exoenzymes by ectomycorrhizas

description: &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi can acquire phosphorus (P) through the production of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes (exoenzymes), but it is unclear as to the manner and extent native EM fungal communities respond to declining soil P availability. We examined the activity of six exoenzymes (xylosidase, &lt;em&gt;N&lt;/em&gt;-acetyl glucosaminidase, b-glucosidase, acid phosphomonoesterase, acid phosphodiesterase [APD], laccase) from EM roots of &lt;em&gt;Pseudotsuga menzesii&lt;/em&gt; across a soil podzolization gradient of coastal British Columbia. We found APD activity increased 4-fold in a curvilinear association with declining inorganic P. Exoenzyme activity was not related to organic P content, but at a finer resolution using &lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt;P-NMR, there was a strong positive relationship between APD activity and the ratio of phosphodiesters to orthophosphate of organic horizons (forest floors). Substantial increases (2 to 5-fold) in most exoenzymes were aligned with declining foliar P concentrations of &lt;em&gt;P. menzesii&lt;/em&gt;, but responses were statistically better in relation to foliar nitrogen (N):P ratios. EM fungal species with consistently high production of key exoenzymes were exclusive to Podzol plots. Phosphorus deficiencies in relation to N limitations may provide the best predictor of exoenzyme investment, reflecting an optimal allocation strategy for EM fungi. Resource constraints contribute to species turnover and the assembly of distinct, well-adapted EM fungal communities.&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.15468/dl.quj7gs
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1516 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Descurainia pinnata glabra"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1516 records from 77 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035847-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jt6muf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Poecilia latipinna",
 "Country is Dominican Republic",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035850-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fbeazb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 419 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Descurainia impatiens"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 419 records from 47 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035851-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rex8c7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 524 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Specimen)",
 "Country is Chile",
 "TaxonKey is Austrocedrus chilensis"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 524 records from 42 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035848-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4zrc5s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 596 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Reseda arabica"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 596 records from 48 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035849-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.9dtuby
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Poecilia latipinna",
 "Country is Fiji",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035853-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.