DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15454511
title: Formalizing PsDs

description: * Fingerprint Definition & Uniqueness:

   * The PSDS fingerprint ( \mathcal{F}(p, q, r) ) is defined as the real number output of the operational algorithm applied to the prime triplet ( (p, q, r) ).

   * Theorem 1.1 suggests that this mapping is likely injective (distinct triplets have distinct fingerprints), with a collision probability decreasing as the size of the prime set ( N ) increases.

   * Examples illustrate how the fingerprint differs for a twin prime triplet versus a more randomly spaced triplet.

 * Fingerprint Properties:

   * A table outlines key properties of the fingerprint:

     * Uniqueness: Linked to the greatest common divisor of ( p-1, q-1, r-1 ), suggesting sensitivity to the multiplicative structure related to the cyclic groups.

     * Stability: The fingerprint is expected to remain relatively stable under small additive perturbations of the primes.

     * Gap Sensitivity: The fingerprint's derivative with respect to the prime gap ( |p - q| ) is proportional to ( \log p \log q ), indicating sensitivity to the spacing between primes.

     * Computability: The fingerprint can be computed efficiently in polynomial time (relative to the logarithm of the primes) assuming precomputed tables.

 * Applications:

   * The fingerprint is proposed for several applications:

     * Prime Triplet Classification: Using the fingerprint and individual tensions as a feature vector to cluster triplets into categories like coherent (e.g., twin primes), mediated, and decoherent based on the algorithm's thresholds.

     * Anomaly Detection: Identifying unusual prime gaps by analyzing the fingerprint of consecutive primes and their neighbors.

     * Cryptographic Hashing: Using the fingerprint as a hash function by mapping data to prime triplets and then computing their fingerprint, with potential collision resistance inherited from the PSDS framework.

 * Statistical Analysis:

   * The distribution of the fingerprint ( \mathcal{F} ) for primes up to ( N=151 ) is suggested to follow a Lévy alpha-stable distribution.

   * Statistical moments (mean and variance) of this distribution are provided.

   * The strong inverse correlation between the fingerprint of consecutive primes and the deviation of the prime-counting function ( \pi(p) ) from the Logarithmic Integral ( \text{Li}(p) ) is highlighted.

 * Computational Implementation:

   * A Python code snippet illustrates how to compute the fingerprint, assuming precomputed values for ( \gamma_p ) (related to zeta zeros) and ( \text{Li}(p) ).

 * Open Problems & Future Work:

   * Several avenues for future research are suggested, including proving the injectivity of the fingerprint for larger primes, exploring quantum computing enhancements for triplet analysis, and applying topological data analysis to the distribution of fingerprints.

In conclusion, this section positions the PSDS fingerprint as a novel and potentially powerful tool for analyzing the structure and distribution of prime numbers, offering applications in pure number theory, cryptography, and statistical analysis, all within the self-defined boundaries of the PSDS framework. The concluding statement emphasizes the shift in perspective from primes as mere numbers to entities with inherent "spectral tension."