cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24093783.v1
title: Dataset for Bacterial, Fungal, and Nematode Infection Effects on Development of Grapevine Phenolic Compound Levels and Resistance to Subsequent Neofusicoccum parvum Infections

description: Data on lesion lengths of the fungal pathogen Neofusicoccum parvum that developed on grapevines that were previously non-inoculated or infected with Xylella fastidiosa, Neofusicoccum parvum, or Meloidogyne incognita (the root knot nematode). Also available are changes in phenolic compound levels in stems, measured by liquid chromatography, taken the same time as the measured Neofusicoccum parvum lesion lengths, in mg/g fresh weights (and including summed total amounts of different phenolic compound subclasses).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10827104
title: Salt marsh fairy circles are directional ellipses rather than circles

description: A dataset of 3,544 distinct fairy circles, complete with images and their attributes. Moreover, we determined the aspect ratio as the minor axis length divided by the major axis length, and the areas of equivalent axis-length ellipses and equal perimeter circles.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10827105
title: Salt marsh fairy circles are directional ellipses rather than circles

description: A dataset of 3,544 distinct fairy circles, complete with images and their attributes. Moreover, we determined the aspect ratio as the minor axis length divided by the major axis length, and the areas of equivalent axis-length ellipses and equal perimeter circles.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.egguiq
title: The Scientific Legacy of the InSight Mission

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.5sktk9
title: Far infrared radiative properties of Mars atmospheric aerosols and their application to Mars Climate Sounder retrievals of aerosol profiles, aerosol columns and surface temperatures

description: Limb sounding of thermal emission in the infrared wavelength range is a powerful technique for measuring temperature and aerosols in the martian atmosphere. However, the long optical path may provide challenges to limb retrievals in high aerosol conditions. These can be mitigated by considering limb measurements in the far infrared, where opacities of most aerosols are lower than in the mid-infrared. We present analyses of radiative properties of Mars dust and water ice aerosols at far infrared wavelengths based on measurements by the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) in limb geometry at mid- and far infrared wavelengths. For dust aerosols, derived far infrared radiative properties show a homogeneous behavior that is consistent with particle sizes in the order of 1 μm effective radius. Far infrared radiative properties for water ice aerosols exhibit a larger variability in local time and region, leading to significant differences between the aphelion cloud belt and the north polar hood, with the resulting parameters suggesting particle sizes around 3 μm or larger. Using the derived parameters, we develop a method for retrieving aerosol profiles from MCS limb measurements that combines information from mid- and far infrared spectroscopic channels. The use of far infrared channels enables aerosol profile retrievals from limb measurements that typically reach about a scale height deeper into the atmosphere than would be possible using mid-infrared channels only. The extended vertical range of the aerosol profiles allows the derivation of aerosol column optical depths through vertical integration, with dust column derivations in global or largescale regional dust storms also being available by extrapolating dust profiles below the lowest retrievable altitude of a limb measurement. The quantification of aerosol columns allows us to retrieve surface brightness temperatures from MCS on-planet viewing measurements that are corrected for atmospheric contributions. We show that differences between surface brightness and top-of-the-atmosphere temperatures are typically within 20 K, with surface brightness temperatures generally being warmer (colder) than top-of-the-atmosphere temperatures at daytime (nighttime), except at high latitudes.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.0pfpki
title: Assurance for Autonomy – JPL’s past research, lessons learned, and future directions

description: Robotic space missions have long depended on automation, defined in the 2015 NASA Technology Roadmaps as “the automatically-controlled operation of an apparatus, process, or system using a pre-planned set of instructions (e.g., a command sequence),” to react to events when a rapid response is required. Autonomy, defined there as “the capacity of a system to achieve goals while operating independently from external control,” is required when a wide variation in circumstances precludes responses being pre-planned, instead autonomy follows an on-board deliberative process to determine the situation, decide the response, and manage its execution. Autonomy is increasingly called for to support adventurous space mission concepts, as an enabling capability or as a significant enhancer of the science value that those missions can return. But if autonomy is to be allowed to control these missions’ expensive assets, all parties in the lifetime of a mission, from proposers through to ground control, must have high confidence that autonomy will perform as intended to keep the asset safe to (if possible) accomplish the mission objectives. The role of mission assurance is a key contributor to providing this confidence, yet assurance practices honed over decades of spaceflight have relatively little experience with autonomy. To remedy this situation, researchers in JPL’s software assurance group have been involved in the development of techniques specific to the assurance of autonomy. This paper summarizes over two decades of this research, and offers a vision of where further work is needed to address open issues.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.psyslx
title: EELS: Autonomous Snake-Like Robot with Task and Motion Planning Capabilities for Ice World Exploration

description: Ice worlds are at the forefront of astrobiological interest due to the evidence of subsurface oceans. Enceladus in particular is unique among the icy moons because there are known vent systems that are likely connected to a subsurface ocean, through which the ocean water is ejected to space. An existing study has shown that sending small robots into the vents and directly sampling the ocean water is likely possible . To enable such a mission, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is developing a snake-like robot called Exobiology Extant Life Surveyor (EELS) that can navigate Enceladus' extreme surface and descend an erupting vent to capture unaltered liquid samples and potentially reach the ocean. However, navigating to and through Enceladus' environment is challenging: due to the limitations of existing orbital reconnaissance, there is substantial uncertainty with respect to its geometry and physical properties of the surface/vents; communication is limited which requires highly autonomous robots to execute the mission with limited human supervision. In this paper we provide an overview of the EELS project and its development effort to create a risk-aware autonomous robot to navigate these extreme ice terrains/environments. We describe the robot’s architecture and the technical challenges to navigate and sense the icy environment safely and effectively. We focus on the challenges related to surface mobility, task and motion planning under uncertainty, and risk quantification. We provide initial results on mobility and risk-aware task and motion planning from field tests and simulated scenarios.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.bebh0j
title: Partitioning of Recursive Multibody Dynamics

description: Minimal coordinate formulations provide the basis for the development of fast computational recursive methods for multibody dynamics. This paper studies the introduction of mass-less bodies to partition body \dofs between the original and the new mass-less bodies. Such partitioning offers computational advantages by reducing the size of the matrix/vector quantities in the recursive algorithms. In particular, we study the relationship between the \atbi forward dynamics algorithms for the unpartitioned and partitioned models of the system. We derive the relationship between the \atbi quantities, and identify the agreements at the body level for the recursions. We furthermore continue a similar study for the operational space inertia quantities for the unpartitioned and partitioned formulations and derive relationships between them.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.t9vtup
title: Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART): Navigating to Obliteration

description: DART was NASA’s demonstration of an asteroid deflection using a kinetic impactor. The spacecraft launched aboard a SpaceX’s Falcon 9 on November 24th 2021, on a direct collision with the binary asteroid system Didymos planned for September 26th 2022. By impacting the small moon, Dimorphos, DART altered the moon’s orbit about the larger asteroid by 33 min \cite{TerikNature}. The navigation of a ballistic mission is usually relatively simple. Other than heading to a violent demise, this mission had a number of unconventional aspects which gave the navigation team interesting challenges: a tight propellant budget for part of the mission, no reaction wheels which resulted in a noisy spacecraft with the Nav team having to rely heavily on Delta Differential One-way Ranging measurements to identify off line-of-sight delta-V, and critical operations in the last 30 days of the mission under a new thrusting control mode regime. Optical navigation was a critical element in the success of this mission, contributing to the determination of the spacecraft and target ephemerides for refined targeting maneuvers. After strategic decisions in the final weeks of the missions, DART could have comfortably hit the larger asteroid, Didymos, which increased the probably of impact with its moon Dimorphos.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.m0aj9r
title: In-situ Resource Utilization with Icy Moons’ Plumes

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ur7kff
title: Positioning, Navigation, and Timing for Lunar Descent and Landing with Joint Doppler and Ranging

description: Lunar descent and landing requires accurate position, velocity, and timing (PVT) knowledge in real-time. This paper introduces the use of Joint Doppler and Ranging (JDR) fused with additional sensors to estimate PVT for a lunar lander. JDR is a radiometric navigation method that utilizes geometric constraints with a surface reference station to reduce Doppler measurement errors and improve positioning performance. Previous papers introduced PVT estimation for surface users and lunar orbiters utilizing JDR with a three-satellite constellation and a self-positioned reference station. A well-known reference station enables measurement corrections through single and double differencing. Double differencing with JDR (DD-JDR) provides highly accurate navigation under significant range and Doppler bias, drift, and noise. This analysis fuses DD-JDR with an altimeter and an inertial measurement unit to achieve high accuracy navigation during active descent and landing. During the simulated lunar descent, the lander receives one-way range and Doppler from the navigation constellation and reference station. The navigation simulation generates high-fidelity Doppler shift measurements including instrumentation and propagation errors. Oscillator models generate frequency errors from local oscillators in the lander, orbiters, and reference station. An extended Kalman filter fuses the DD-JDR, inertial, and altimeter measurements and estimates the lander’s PVT. A Monte Carlo analysis describes the distribution of PVT performance. The analysis compares the performance of fused DD-JDR for lunar landers against traditional radiometric methods fused with the same inertial and altimeter measurements. Fusion of additional sensors with DD-JDR further improves PVT performance and navigation robustness.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10794208
title: Mitigating Biases in Collective Decision-Making: Enhancing Performance in the Face of Fake News

description: Data supporting "Mitigating Biases in Collective Decision-Making: Enhancing Performance in the Face of Fake News". 

 If you use this dataset in your own research, please cite this paper:

```@misc{abels2024mitigating,      title={Mitigating Biases in Collective Decision-Making: Enhancing Performance in the Face of Fake News},       author={Axel Abels and Elias Fernandez Domingos and Ann Nowé and Tom Lenaerts},      year={2024},      eprint={2403.08829},      archivePrefix={arXiv},      primaryClass={cs.HC}}```

 




column name
description


treatment
identifier for the set of headlines presented to the participant


trial
trial/round in which the headline was presented 


arm
which "arm" the headline was presented as (0=left, 1=middle, 2=right)


advice
the participant's response (0=very unlikely, 0.25=unlikely, 0.5=undecided, 0.75=likely, 1=very likely)


genuine
whether the headline was genuine (1) or altered (0)


headline
the headline as shown to the participant


original
the headline before a possible alteration


expert_id
participant's identifier


sentiment
whether the headline reported a negative (-1) or positive (1) outcome


expert:ethnicity
the participant's ethnicity


expert:sex
the participant's sex


expert:age
the participant's age


outcome:white, outcome:black, outcome:young, outcome:old, outcome:male, outcome:female
whether the headline reported a negative (-1) or positive (1) or neutral (0) outcome for the specified group


trial_time
how long the participant took to respond to the trial/round




abstractIndividual and social biases undermine the effectiveness of human advisers by inducing judgment errors which can disadvantage protected groups. In this paper, we study the influence these biases can have in the pervasive problem of fake news by evaluating human participants' capacity to identify false headlines. By focusing on headlines involving sensitive characteristics, we gather a comprehensive dataset to explore how human responses are shaped by their biases. Our analysis reveals recurring individual biases and their permeation into collective decisions. We show that demographic factors, headline categories, and the manner in which information is presented significantly influence errors in human judgment. We then use our collected data as a benchmark problem on which we evaluate the efficacy of adaptive aggregation algorithms. In addition to their improved accuracy, our results highlight the interactions between the emergence of collective intelligence and the mitigation of participant biases.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ml1jop
title: 21st Century Global and Regional Surface Temperature Projections

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.xvwo8z
title: Cosmic variance in cosmological N-body simulations

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.m6mi5n
title: Enhancing Rover Mobility Monitoring: Autoencoder-driven Anomaly Detection for the Mars Science Laboratory

description: Over eleven years into its mission, the Mars ScienceLaboratory remains vital to NASA’s Mars exploration. Safe-guarding the rover’s long-term functionality is a top mission pri-ority. In this study, we introduce and test undercomplete autoen-coder models for detecting drive anomalies, using telemetry datafrom wheel actuators, the Rover Inertial Measurement Unit(RIMU), and the suspension system. Our approach enhancespost-drive data analysis during tactical downlink sessions. Weexplore various model architectures and input features to un-derstand their impact on performance. Evaluating the mod-els involves testing them on unseen data to mimic real-worldscenarios. Our experiments demonstrate the undercompleteautoencoder model’s effectiveness in detecting drive anomalieswithin the Curiosity rover dataset. Remarkably, the modeleven identifies subtle anomalous telemetry patterns missed byhuman operators. Additionally, we provide insights into optimaldesign choices by comparing different model architectures andinput features. This research significantly advances anomalydetection in space flight operations, potentially enhancing thereliability and safety of future planetary exploration missionsthrough early anomaly detection and proactive maintenance.The model’s ability to capture subtle anomalies, potentiallyindicating early-stage failures, holds promise for the field.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.tlysp3
title: Shock Testing Failure Investigation of the Europa Clipper Magboom

description: Recent shock qualification testing of the Europa Clipper Spacecraft’s Magboom showed significant hardware response amplification at 120Hz, 360Hz, and 1500Hz in the shock response spectrum, resulting in hardware failure. To investigate the behavior of these excited modes, acceleration data was bandpass filtered around each of the modal frequencies, which showed significant load levels of 150-200g at 120 and 360Hz and 1000g at 1500Hz. Sustained excitation of all three modes with increasing number of cycles at higher frequencies suggest that the excitation of the primary structural mode at 120Hz is contributing to secondary excitation of the higher frequency modes. Peak relative velocity of over 400 inches per second was calculated at 120 Hz, further indicating significant hardware stress that likely led to higher frequency excitation by introducing impact-type loading, which may have contributed to the hardware failure. The amplification observed during the shock test was unexpected due the interfaces between the shock source and failure location, which according to NASA standards, should have resulted in significant reduction in shock energy. The unexpected hardware responses highlight the potential deficiencies of using knockdown standards for shock level derivation, necessitating development of robust analysis tools to predict shock environments at critical flight hardware interfaces.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.hwd79w
title: The Last Days of Mars InSight

description: This paper tells the story of the Mars InSight mission, and its last days. While the operation of the lander was meant to become regular and simplify over time, challenges from the dusty Martian environment and the HP3 Mole recovery efforts were anything but routine. However, the dedicated operations team managed to keep the lander operating longer than originally predicted, thus enabling scientists to answer important questions about the Martian interior and placing tighter constraints on several geophysical parameters.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.p3jcwy
title: Feed Assembly Development for INCUS

description: INCUS (INvestigation of Convective UpdraftS) is an Earth Science project approved by NASA in 2022. The goal of the mission is to study in detail how water vapor and droplets move inside tropical storms and thunderstorms and understand their effects on weather and climate models. To carry out this study, the mission will use three almost identical SmallSats, each one equipped with a Ka-band radar heritage of Raincube. The deployable mesh reflector antenna is a new 1.6 m design provided by Tendeg. This paper presents the general architecture of the three observatories with particular emphasis on the radar antenna subsystem design. In particular, the approach used to design and fabricate the feed assembly will be presented along with measured and calculated RF performance parameters.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.amt91x
title: Dual-Frequency Metasurface Antenna for Remote Sensing

description: This paper presents an innovative approach to designing dual-frequency Metasurface (MTS) antennas. These antennas cater to the growing demand for multifrequency ca- pabilities in applications like Earth science, satellite communi- cations, and remote sensing. Traditional multifrequency antenna designs have limitations, often requiring external feeds. The paper outlines the foundational principles of single-layer, single frequency MTS antenna design and expands upon them to introduce a dual-band, dual-layered antenna configuration. The proposed design leverages Foster’s reactance theorem to enable independent operation of two patterned metallic sheet at two widely separated frequencies with coplanar excitation. Simulation results demonstrate the antenna’s performance, not only in broadside operation but also at various pointing angles. This approach offers a promising solution for compact multifrequency antennas in space-constrained applications, addressing the needs of modern communication systems.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.z22015
title: SMAP Reflectometry: Dataset, Calibration and Sensitivities to Geophysical Parameters of Polarimetric GNSS R

description: No abstract available.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ygt5wl
title: The Sun Radio Interferometer Space Experiment (SunRISE)

description: The Sun Radio Interferometer Space Experiment (SunRISE) will provide an entirely new view on particle acceleration and transport in the inner heliosphere by creating the first dedicated low radio frequency interferometer in space to localize heliospheric radio emissions. By imaging and determining the location of decametric-hectometric (DH, 0.1 MHz–23 MHz) solar radio bursts, SunRISE will provide key information on particle acceleration mechanisms associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and the magnetic field topology from active regions into interplanetary space. The SunRISE Observatory will consist of six Space Vehicles in a passive formation, in orbits designed to keep them within approximately 10 km of each other, and flying in a supersynchronous orbit, about 400 km or more above geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO). Each Space Vehicle consists of a Science Payload and a 6U form factor Spacecraft. The SunRISE Observatory together with significant ground-based processing, will enable imaging of the Sun in a portion of the spectrum that is blocked by the ionosphere and cannot be observed from Earth. Key aspects that enable this mission are that only position knowledge of the Space Vehicles is required, not active control, and that the architecture involves a modest amount of on-board processing coupled with significant ground-based processing for navigation, position determination, and science operations. The SunRISE mission will exploit the multiple spacecraft per aperture (MSPA) capability of NASA’s Deep Space Network (DSN), for more efficient data transfers of larger data volumes. The SunRISE Space Vehicles will be carried to their target orbit as secondary payloads in conjunction with a larger host spacecraft intended for GEO. Launch is scheduled no earlier than 2024 September. This paper describes the mission and summarizes its current status, highlighting the Interferometer-Level Performance Test. With all six Space Vehicles tested simultaneously in as flight-like operations as possible, the Interferometer-Level Performance Test represented a significant milestone.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.l2wnoy
title: Quantifying light-absorbing particles in snow - Application of a coupled anisotropic surface-atmosphere radiative transfer model to spaceborne EMIT imaging spectrometer data

description: No abstract available.