cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q6686
title: Data from: Parasitic mites influence intra- and interpopulational variation in sperm length in a simultaneous hermaphrodite land snail (Gastropoda: Helicidae)

description: Sperm morphology can be highly variable among species, but less is known
 about patterns of population differentiation within species. Sperm
 morphology is under strong sexual selection, may evolve rapidly, and often
 co-varies with other reproductive traits that differ between populations.
 We investigated variation in sperm morphology in the simultaneous
 hermaphrodite land snail Arianta arbustorum in relation to parasitic mite
 infection. Variation in total sperm length and sperm head length was
 assessed in 23 populations sampled across the distributional range of the
 species in Central and Northern Europe. We found a pronounced variation in
 total sperm length among the populations studied, with a difference of
 11.0% of total sperm length between the shortest and longest population
 means. Differences among populations explained 62.9% of the variance in
 total sperm length, differences among individual snails within population
 23.4% and differences within individual snail 13.7%. Mantel tests showed
 that interpopulation differences in total sperm length increased
 significantly with geographical distance between populations. A minimal
 adequate model revealed that parasitic infection had a positive effect and
 longitude a negative effect on total sperm length. Thus, independent of
 the population examined, mite-infected individuals of A. arbustorum
 produced larger sperm than uninfected snails and total sperm length
 decreased from west to east. Sperm head length also varied among
 populations, but it was not influenced by any of the factors examined. In
 a subsample of 12 populations restricted to the mountains of Switzerland
 (elevational range 440–2485 m a.s.l.), total sperm length decreased with
 increasing elevation. Our results suggest that selection pressures acting
 among populations may differ from those acting within. Stabilizing
 selection might be a possible mechanism for producing the reduced
 variation observed in sperm length within a population.
description: Table1HaeusslerEtAlHaeusslerEtAl
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p26bp
title: Data from: QTL mapping of freezing tolerance: links to fitness and adaptive trade-offs

description: Local adaptation, defined as higher fitness of local vs. non-local
 genotypes, is commonly identified in reciprocal transplant experiments.
 Reciprocally adapted populations display fitness trade-offs across
 environments, but little is known about the traits and genes underlying
 fitness trade-offs in reciprocally adapted populations. We investigated
 the genetic basis and adaptive significance of freezing tolerance using
 locally adapted populations of Arabidopsis thaliana from Italy and Sweden.
 Previous reciprocal transplant studies of these populations indicated that
 sub-freezing temperature is a major selective agent in Sweden. We used
 quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping to identify the contribution of
 freezing tolerance to previously demonstrated local adaptation and genetic
 trade-offs. First, we compared the genomic locations of freezing tolerance
 QTL to those for previously published QTL for survival in Sweden and
 overall fitness in the field. Then, we estimated the contributions to
 survival and fitness across both field sites of genotypes at locally
 adaptive freezing tolerance QTL. We found seven QTL, and for five QTL the
 Swedish genotype increased freezing tolerance. Three of these co-localized
 with locally adaptive survival QTL in Sweden and with trade-off QTL for
 overall fitness. Two freezing tolerance QTL contribute to genetic
 trade-offs across environments for both survival and overall fitness. A
 major regulator of freezing tolerance, CBF2 is implicated as a candidate
 gene for one of the trade-off freezing tolerance QTL. Our study provides
 some of the first evidence of a trait and gene that mediate a fitness
 trade-off in nature.
description: RIL mean values for
 freezing toleranceRIL mean freezing
 tolerance phenotype input file in R/qtl format.meanpheno.csvRIL genotypesRIL genotype input file in R/qtl format.meangeno.csvR/qtl annotated scriptR/qtl analysis annotated scriptMap_FrzT_QTL_w_Rqtl_script.RdParentalMeans_SummedLODTests_and_TradeoffsExcel file with individual tabs for parental mean freezing tolerance data, summed lod profiles, and data used for the trade-off analysis
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r8547
title: Data from: Reversed brain size sexual dimorphism accompanies loss of parental care in white sticklebacks

description: Uncovering factors that shape variation in brain morphology remains a
 major challenge in evolutionary biology. Recently, it has been shown that
 brain size is positively associated with level of parental care behavior
 in various taxa. One explanation for this pattern is that the cognitive
 demands of performing complex parental care may require increased brain
 size. This idea is known as the parental brain hypothesis (PBH). We set
 out to test the predictions of this hypothesis in wild populations of
 threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus). These fish are commonly
 known to exhibit (1) uniparental male care and (2) sexual dimorphism in
 brain size (males&gt;females). To test the PBH, we took advantage of
 the existence of closely related populations of stickleback that display
 variation in parental care behavior: common marine threespine sticklebacks
 (uniparental male care) and white threespine sticklebacks (no care). To
 begin, we quantified genetic differentiation among two common populations
 and three white populations from Nova Scotia. We found overall low
 differentiation among populations, although FST was increased in
 between-type comparisons. We then measured the brain weights of males and
 females from all five populations along with two additional common
 populations from British Columbia. We found that sexual dimorphism in
 brain size is reversed in white stickleback populations: males have
 smaller brains than females. Thus, while several alternatives need to be
 ruled out, the PBH appears to be a reasonable explanation for sexual
 dimorphism in brain size in threespine sticklebacks.
description: Brain weights and SLs of
 Nova Scotian sticklebacksDryad Brain Data - July
 2014.csvSNP Table for Nova
 Scotian SticklebacksA table of single
 nucleotide polymorphisms derived from a sample of males from six
 populations of Nova Scotian sticklebacks. Each row represents a position
 in the stickleback reference genome, and each column the genotype of an
 individual fish. See manuscript for population codes.WhiteCommon SNP Table - July
 2014.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3sf6g
title: Data from: Eyeless Mexican cavefish save energy by eliminating the circadian rhythm in metabolism

description: The eyed surface form and eyeless cave form of the Mexican tetra Astyanax
 mexicanus experience stark differences in the daily periodicities of
 light, food and predation, factors which are likely to have a profound
 influence on metabolism. We measured the metabolic rate of Pachón cave and
 surface fish at a fixed swimming speed under light/dark and constant dark
 photoperiods. In constant darkness surface forms exhibited a circadian
 rhythm in metabolism with an increase in oxygen demand during the
 subjective daytime, whereas cave forms did not. The lack of circadian
 rhythm in metabolism leads to a 27% energy savings for Pachón cave fish
 compared to surface fish when comparing both forms in their natural
 photoperiods. When surface forms were tested under constant dark
 conditions they expended 38% more energy than cave forms under equivalent
 conditions. Elimination of the circadian rhythm in metabolism may be a
 general feature of animals that live in perpetually dark food-limited
 environments such as caves or the deep sea.
description: Moran_et_al_Mexican_cavefish_circadian_OCR_dataTime resolved oxygen consumption data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.08835
title: Data from: Differential responses of herbivores and herbivory to management in temperate European beech

description: Forest management not only affects biodiversity but also might alter
 ecosystem processes mediated by the organisms, i.e. herbivory the removal
 of plant biomass by plant-eating insects and other arthropod groups.
 Aiming at revealing general relationships between forest management and
 herbivory we investigated aboveground arthropod herbivory in 105 plots
 dominated by European beech in three different regions in Germany in the
 sun-exposed canopy of mature beech trees and on beech saplings in the
 understorey. We separately assessed damage by different guilds of
 herbivores, i.e. chewing, sucking and scraping herbivores, gall-forming
 insects and mites, and leaf-mining insects. We asked whether herbivory
 differs among different forest management regimes (unmanaged, uneven-aged
 managed, even-aged managed) and among age-classes within even-aged
 forests. We further tested for consistency of relationships between
 regions, strata and herbivore guilds. On average, almost 80% of beech
 leaves showed herbivory damage, and about 6% of leaf area was consumed.
 Chewing damage was most common, whereas leaf sucking and scraping damage
 were very rare. Damage was generally greater in the canopy than in the
 understorey, in particular for chewing and scraping damage, and the
 occurrence of mines. There was little difference in herbivory among
 differently managed forests and the effects of management on damage
 differed among regions, strata and damage types. Covariates such as wood
 volume, tree density and plant diversity weakly influenced herbivory, and
 effects differed between herbivory types. We conclude that despite of the
 relatively low number of species attacking beech; arthropod herbivory on
 beech is generally high. We further conclude that responses of herbivory
 to forest management are multifaceted and environmental factors such as
 forest structure variables affecting in particular microclimatic
 conditions are more likely to explain the variability in herbivory among
 beech forest plots.
description: Herbivory on beech in
 GermanyHerbivory_beech.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q39h2
title: Data from: Untangling intra- and interspecific effects on body size clines reveals divergent processes structuring convergent patterns in Anolis lizards

description: Bergmann’s rule—the tendency for body size to increase in colder
 environments—remains controversial today, despite 150 years of research.
 Considerable debate has revolved around whether the rule applies within or
 among species. However, this debate has generally not considered that
 clade-level relationships are caused by both intra- and interspecific
 effects. In this article, we implement a novel approach that allows for
 the separation of intra- and interspecific components of trait-environment
 relationships. We apply this approach to body size clines in two Caribbean
 clades of Anolis lizards and discover that their similar body size
 gradients are constructed in very different ways. We find inverse
 Bergmann’s clines—high-elevation lizards are smaller bodied—for both the
 cybotes clade on Hispaniola and the sagrei clade on Cuba. However, on
 Hispaniola, the inverse cline is driven by interspecific differences,
 whereas intraspecific variation is responsible for the inverse cline on
 Cuba. Our results suggest that similar body size clines can be constructed
 through differing evolutionary and ecological processes, namely, through
 local adaptation or phenotypic plasticity (intraspecific clines) and/or
 size-ordered spatial sorting (interspecific clines). We propose that our
 approach can help integrate a divided research program by focusing on how
 the combined effects of intra- and interspecific processes can enhance or
 erode clade-level relationships at large biogeographic scales.
description: Munoz_2014_AmNat_DryadBody size, locality, and elevation data for all individuals used in this study.Supp_Mat_Final_June13Supplementary Material.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p28c8
title: Data from: Taphonomic biases in the insect fossil record: shifts in articulation over geologic time

description: Insect taphonomy is a topic that has drawn interest because of its
 potential biases on diversity patterns and the ecological information
 recorded by ancient insect faunas. Other than the onset of common amber
 fossilization in the Cretaceous, very little is known about long-term
 trends in the nature and quality of insect preservation and, as a result,
 the effects of taphonomic biases are poorly constrained. We assembled a
 database of nearly 7000 Carboniferous-Pliocene insect adpression
 (compression and impression) species from the primary literature to assess
 changes in insect taphonomy over time and test biotic and environmental
 controls on preservation. We grouped the fossils into 10 Myr bins and
 scored preservation of holotype specimens as either articulated bodies or
 isolated wings; articulated specimens with a body implied a generally
 higher quality of preservation. Paleozoic and Triassic insect holotypes
 are known overwhelmingly from isolated wings (only 12% articulated
 bodies), but our database shows a significant increase in the percentage
 preserved as articulated bodies, to more than 70%, beginning about 160 Myr
 ago in the Late Jurassic. This transition could reflect variations in the
 robustness of different insect orders and shifts in the taxonomic
 composition of insect faunas, but all the major orders in the database
 exhibit significant increases in articulation. Instead, a shift to
 increased preservation in lacustrine paleoenvironments, which contain a
 greater proportion of articulated body fossils, explains most of the
 trend. The pronounced Late Jurassic increase in articulation has
 implications for evolutionary and ecological reconstructions; for example,
 suggesting that preserved insect diversity may be biased downward in the
 earlier part of their history when articulation was poor.
description: Insect
 occurrencesOccurrences of fossil
 insects (excluding amber specimens) from the Paleobiology Database.
 Occurrences of holotype specimens are indicated by type_specimen number
 and type_body_part. All occurrence have associated age (10_my_bin) and
 environment information.insect_occs.csvinsect size measurementsMeasurements of wing element sizes for fossil insects. Dimensions are stored in the field named average. Measurements can be linked to species identifications using the occurrence_no field, which is also present in the insect_occs.csv file.insect_size.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gp495
title: Data from: Mating system and environmental variation drive patterns of adaptation in Boechera spatifolia (Brassicaceae)

description: Determining the relative contribution of population genetic processes to
 the distribution of natural variation is a major goal of evolutionary
 biology. Here, we take advantage of variation in mating system to test the
 hypothesis that local adaptation is constrained by asexual reproduction.
 We explored patterns of variation in ecological traits and genome-wide
 molecular markers in Boechera spatifolia (Brassicaceae), a species that
 contains both apomictic (asexual) and sexual individuals. Using a
 combination of quantitative genetics, neutral genetic (SSR) and
 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism, we assessed the hypothesis
 that asexual lineages should have reduced signatures of adaptation
 relative to sexual conspecifics. All three measures (traits, SSRs, SNPs)
 demonstrated that apomicts are genetically distinct from sexuals,
 regardless of population location. Additionally, phylogenetic clustering
 revealed that the apomictic group shared a single common ancestor. Across
 the landscape, sexual genome-wide SNP variation was strongly associated
 with latitude (r2&gt;0.9), indicating that sexual populations have
 differentiated across an environmental gradient. Furthermore, flowering
 time and growth rate, as assessed in a common garden, strongly covary with
 the elevation and latitude of the source population. Despite a wide
 geographic distribution that largely overlaps with sexual populations,
 there was little evidence for differentiation in molecular markers or
 quantitative characters among apomictic populations. Combined, these data
 indicated that, in contrast to asexual populations, sexual populations
 show evidence of local adaptation.
description: spat2014_genotypematrix_inpegas15-locus SSR genotype matrix. Coded in the "pegas" R package format. Also included in the matrix is a single outgroup, "stricta4".spat2013_gbs_snpsGBS genotype matrix. Output from the institute for genomic diversity pipeline in tassel. Alignment to A. lyrata was conducted as follows: bwa aln -t 8 /local/genomes/public/arabidopsis/lyrata/Alyrata_107.fa.gz mergedtagcounts/arabidopsis_CSU_boechera.fastq.fq &gt; arabidopsis_CSU_boechera.sai bwa samse /local/genomes/public/arabidopsis/lyrata/Alyrata_107.fa.gz arabidopsis_CSU_boechera.sai mergedtagcounts/arabidopsis_CSU_boechera.fastq.fq &gt; 1samspat2013_8phenos_reproPhenotypes of all genotypes (and replicates) including mating system.spat2013_selectionfield_longGenotype means of FT, GRLA and Fitness for all plants grown in the two field sitesspat2013_allsamples.treThe full sample tree file from the R package "ape"spat2014_manteltests_fordryadCustom script to conduct mantel correlations on spatial subset of populations
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.13d31
title: Data from: Long-term follow-up results in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents: results from a single high-volume PCI center

description: Objective: To assess both short and long-term prognosis in consecutive
 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) treated with drug-eluting
 stents (DES) in a high-volume percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
 center. Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: A hospital in the
 Henan province, China, between 2009 and 2011. Participants: A total of
 2,533 patients were enrolled. Patients with ST-elevation myocardial
 infarction (STEMI) treated with urgent PCI accounted for 3.9% of cases;
 patients with STEMI treated with delayed PCI accounted for 20.5% of cases;
 patients with stable angina (SA) accounted for 16.5% of cases; and
 patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS)
 accounted for 58.6% of cases. Primary outcomes: Death, major adverse
 cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE: death/myocardial
 infarction/stroke), and target vessel revascularization. Results:
 Follow-up after a median of 29.8 months was obtained for 2,533 patients
 (92.6%). The mortality rate during hospitalization was highest in the
 urgent PCI group (p &lt;0.001). During follow-up, although the
 incidences of death and MACCE were highest in the urgent PCI group, no
 significant differences were observed between the different groups. The
 incidences of cardiac death and myocardial infarction were significantly
 higher in the paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) group than in the
 sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) group. Independent predictors of death
 during follow-up were: age, left ventricular ejection function (LVEF)
 &lt; 40%, diabetes mellitus, prior coronary artery bypass graft
 (CABG), and chronic total occlusion. Conclusions: PCI patients with STEMI
 had the worst hospital and long-term prognosis. The mortality rate after
 hospital increased markedly in NSTE-ACS patients. SES seems to be more
 effective than PES.
description: DIFFERENT
 STENTIncluded here is
 baseline data Logistic regression analysesBaseline data Logistic
 regression analysesIncluded here is
 baselinebaseline data Logistic regression analysesTOTAL
 2009.7.12311.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t0g84
title: Data from: Testing the correlated response hypothesis for the evolution and maintenance of male mating preferences in Drosophila serrata

description: Mate preferences are abundant throughout the animal kingdom with female
 preferences receiving the most empirical and theoretical attention.
 Although recent work has acknowledged the existence of male mate
 preferences, whether they have evolved and are maintained as a direct
 result of selection on males or indirectly as a genetically correlated
 response to selection for female choice remains an open question. Using
 the native Australian species Drosophila serrata in which mutual mate
 choice occurs for a suite of contact pheromones (cuticular hydrocarbons or
 CHCs), we empirically test key predictions of the correlated response
 hypothesis. First, within the context of a quantitative genetic breeding
 design, we estimated the degree to which the trait values favoured by male
 and female choice are similar both phenotypically and genetically. The
 direction of sexual selection on male and female CHCs differed
 statistically, and the trait combinations that maximized male and female
 mating success were not genetically correlated, suggesting that male and
 female preferences target genetically different signals. Second, despite
 detecting significant genetic variance in female preferences, we found no
 evidence for genetic variance in male preferences and, as a consequence,
 no detectable correlation between male and female mating preferences.
 Combined, these findings are inconsistent with the idea that male mate
 choice in D. serrata is simply a correlated response to female choice. Our
 results suggest that male and female preferences are genetically distinct
 traits in this species and may therefore have arisen via different
 evolutionary processes.
description: phenotypic_selectionData collected from mating trials and the CHC phenotype of individuals from the trials. trait_1-trait_7 refer to the log contrast values of the 7 chc's of interest. Ms refers to the individual either being chosen (1) or rejected (0) in the binomial mating trial.CHC sexual displaysData for the analysis of genetic variance in the linear combination of traits under sexual selection in each sex (beta).display_G.xlsMate preferenceData for the estimation of genetic variance in male and female preference for the linear combination of traits under sexual selectionpreference_G.xls