DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2jm63xswx
title: Data from: Migratory singers dynamically overlap the signal space of a breeding warbler community

description: Migratory species inhabit many communities along their migratory routes.
 Across taxa, these species repeatedly move into and out of communities,
 interacting with each other and locally breeding species and competing for
 resources and niche space. However, their influence is rarely considered
 in analyses of ecological processes within the communities they
 temporarily occupy. Here, we explore the impact of migratory species on a
 breeding community using the framework of acoustic signal space, a limited
 resource in which sounds of species within communities co-exist. Migrating
 New World warblers (Parulidae, hereafter referred to as migrant species)
 often sing during refueling stops in areas and at times during which
 locally breeding warbler species (hereafter breeding species) are singing
 to establish territories and attract mates. We used eBird data to
 determine co-occurrence of 19 migrant and 11 breeding warbler species
 across spring migration in SW Michigan, generated a signal space from song
 recordings of these species, and examined patterns of signaling overlap
 experienced by breeding species as migrants moved through the community.
 Migrant species were present for two-thirds of the breeding season of
 local species, including periods when breeding species established
 territories and attracted mates. Signaling niche overlap experienced by
 individual breeding species was idiosyncratic and varied over time, yet
 niche overlap between migrant and breeding species occurred more commonly
 than between breeding species or between migrant species. Nevertheless,
 the proportion of niche overlap between migrant and breeding warblers was
 similar to overlap among breeding species. Our findings showed that
 singing by migrant species overlapped the signals of many breeding
 species, suggesting that migrants could have unexplored impacts on
 communication in breeding species, potentially affecting song detection
 and song evolution. Our study contributes to a growing body of research
 documenting impacts of migratory species on communities and ecosystems.
description: # Data from: Migratory singers dynamically overlap the signal space of a
 breeding warbler community
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2jm63xswx](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2jm63xswx) This dataset contains all spreadsheets and corresponding code to conduct the analyses. ## Description of the data and file structure ***Individual Male Song Means.csv*** This dataset contains song trait means for all individual male warblers (n = 329) included in this study. ***Proportion Overlap Data By Species.csv*** This dataset details the proportion niche overlap experienced by breeding warbler species from migrant species, breeding species, and all species (total overlap). ***Linear Model Overlap Data.csv*** This dataset is used to perform a generalized linear model to test whether day of year, migratory status, and their interaction predict pairwise niche overlap. ***GLMM Proportion Overlap Data.csv*** This dataset is used to perform a generalized linear mixed model to test whether day of year, overlap type (migrant, breeding), and their interaction predict the proportion of niche overlap breeding species experience. ***Day 135 Overlap.csv*** This dataset is used to perform a paired t-test to examine whether breeding species experienced greater niche overlap from migrants or other locally breeding species at a randomly selected 3-day period at the peak of migration (Julian days 135-137). ***Warbler Niche Areas for Linear Regression.csv*** This dataset is used to perform a linear regression to assess whether sample size impacts niche area. ***GLM Sampling Effort.csv*** This dataset is used to perform a generalized linear model to test whether species were sampled proportionally to their natural abundances. ***Three Day Mig Schedules.csv*** This dataset contains the processed data extracted from the eBird Basic Dataset. It can be used to create a figure showing the composition of the breeding-migrant warbler community through time. ***Pairwise Distance Data.csv*** This dataset contains pairwise Euclidean distances between species' niche centroids and pairwise phylogenetic distances. Phylogenetic distances were calculated from a maximum clade credibility tree identified from a tree distribution downloaded from [http://www.birdtree.org](http://www.birdtree.org). ## Sharing/Access information This study uses the eBird Basic Dataset (EBD) in the following version, which is available upon request from [www.ebird.org](http://www.ebird.org). eBird Basic Dataset. Version: EBD_relNov-2020. Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, New York. Nov 2020. ## Code/Software R software (version 4.0.2) was used to run the analyses. A script corresponding to the analyses is included in the files on Zenodo.