DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sp048
title: Data from: Reproductive workers show queen-like gene expression in an intermediately eusocial insect, the buff-tailed bumble bee Bombus terrestris

description: Bumble bees represent a taxon with an intermediate level of eusociality
 within Hymenoptera. The clear division of reproduction between a single
 founding queen and the largely sterile workers is characteristic for
 highly eusocial species, whereas the morphological similarity between the
 bumble bee queen and the workers is typical for more primitively eusocial
 hymenopterans. Also, unlike other highly eusocial hymenopterans, division
 of labour among worker subcastes is plastic and not predetermined by
 morphology or age. We conducted a differential expression analysis based
 on RNA-seq data from 11 combinations of developmental stage and caste to
 investigate how a single genome can produce the distinct castes of queens,
 workers and males in the buff-tailed bumble bee Bombus terrestris. Based
 on expression patterns, we found males to be the most distinct of all
 adult castes (2411 transcripts differentially expressed compared to
 nonreproductive workers). However, only relatively few transcripts were
 differentially expressed between males and workers during development
 (larvae: 71 and pupae: 162). This indicates the need for more distinct
 expression patterns to control behaviour and physiology in adults compared
 to those required to create different morphologies. Among female castes,
 reproductive workers and their nonreproductive sisters displayed
 differential expression in over ten times more transcripts compared to the
 differential expression found between reproductive workers and their
 mother queen. This suggests a strong shift towards a more queenlike
 behaviour and physiology when a worker becomes fertile. This contrasts
 with eusocial species where reproductive workers are more similar to
 nonreproductive workers than the queen.
description: phylip_input_27librariesPhylip input file for neighbour joining treephylip_outtree_27librariesPhylip tree filephylip_outfile_27librariesPhylip output file for neighbour joining treeMA-7.bamAlignment file for sample MA7: male adults, colony 7MA-9.bamAlignment file for sample MA9: male adults, colony 9MA-11.bamAlignment file for sample MA11: male adults, colony 11ML-7.bamAlignment file for sample ML7: male larvae, colony 7ML-9.bamAlignment file for sample ML9: male larvae, colony 9ML-11.bamAlignment file for sample ML11: male larvae, colony 11MP-7.bamAlignment file for sample MP7: male pupae, colony 7MP-9.bamAlignment file for sample MP9: male pupae, colony 9MP-11.bamAlignment file for sample MP11: male pupae, colony 11MQ-7.bamAlignment file for sample MQ7: adult mother queen, colony 7MQ-8.bamAlignment file for sample MQ8: adult mother queen, colony 8MQ-9.bamAlignment file for sample MQ9: adult mother queen, colony 9QL-7.bamAlignment file for sample QL7: queen larvae, colony 7QP-7.bamAlignment file for sample QP7: queen pupae, colony 7VQ-7.bamAlignment file for sample VQ7: adult virgin queen, colony 7WAr-7.bamAlignment file for sample WAr7: adult reproductive worker, colony 7WAr-8.bamAlignment file for sample WAr8: adult reproductive worker, colony 8WAr-9.bamAlignment file for sample WAr9: adult reproductive worker, colony 9WAu-8.bamAlignment file for sample WAu8: adult worker with unknown reproductive status, colony 8. This was sample was later categorised as non-reproductive.WAu-9.bamAlignment file for sample WAu9: adult worker with unknown reproductive status, colony 9. This was sample was later categorised as reproductive.WAu-11.bamAlignment file for sample WAu11: adult worker with unknown reproductive status, colony 11. This was sample was later categorised as non-reproductive.WL-7.bamAlignment file for sample WL7: worker larvae, colony 7WL-8.bamAlignment file for sample WL8: worker larvae, colony 8WL-9.bamAlignment file for sample WL9: worker larvae, colony 9WP-7.bamAlignment file for sample WP7: worker pupae, colony 7WP-8.bamAlignment file for sample WP8: worker pupae, colony 8WP-9.bamAlignment file for sample WP9: worker pupae, colony 9All_countsContains raw read counts with transcript names as row headers and sample names as column headersReduced read count listAll transcripts with 50 or less mapped reads have been removed. This file was used for all differential expression analyses. See DESeq scriptCountsDESeq scriptThis is a standard script taken from the DESeq manual and was used for all differential expression analyses. It should be run within R and requires 'Design' and 'Counts' files.DESeq_scriptSample designThis file is required for DESeq script and describes sampling design.Design