cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3356t85
title: Data from: Falcons using orchard nest boxes reduce fruit-eating bird abundances and provide economic benefits for a fruit-growing region

description: 1. Suppression of pest species via a native predator is a regulating
 ecosystem service that has the potential to limit crop damage and produce
 economic benefits. American kestrels (Falco sparverius) are widespread,
 highly-mobile, generalist predators that hunt in human-dominated habitats
 and potentially provide previously undocumented ecosystem services in
 agricultural landscapes. 2. We hypothesized that kestrel activity
 associated with nest boxes and artificial perches acts to increase
 perceived predation risk that, in combination with direct predation, can
 reduce fruit-eating bird abundances in orchards. We used counts and
 observations of fruit-eating birds from fixed-width transect surveys to
 investigate variation in bird abundances and to estimate sweet cherry loss
 in cherry orchards with and without active kestrel boxes. We also
 conducted a benefit-cost analysis of nest box installation and used
 regional economic modelling to estimate macroeconomic impacts of increased
 sweet cherry production in Michigan, an important US fruit-production
 region. 3. Fruit-eating bird counts were significantly lower at orchards
 with active kestrel boxes. Although kestrels used the perches in young
 orchard blocks and may benefit from them, the presence of perches did not
 have a significant effect on bird counts. 4. Benefit-cost ratios for
 kestrel nest boxes indicated that for every dollar spent on nest boxes,
 $84 to $357 of sweet cherries are saved from fruit-eating birds. Regional
 economic modelling predicted that increased sweet cherry production from
 reduced bird damage would result in 46 to 50 jobs created and $2.2 million
 to $2.4 million in increased income for the state of Michigan over a
 five-year period. 5. Synthesis and application. Kestrel nest boxes in
 sweet cherry orchards provide a highly cost-effective ecosystem service
 with potential reverberating benefits for a regional economy. Box
 occupancy rates will undoubtedly vary across landscapes and regions.
 However, costs to install and maintain boxes are small and, even if box
 occupancy rates are low, boxes can direct kestrel activity to particular
 places in agricultural landscapes where they can deter pest birds. Thus,
 the potential benefits in fruit crops greatly outweigh the costs of this
 pest management strategy.
description: Data and code for
 fruit-eating bird abundance analysisThis zip directory
 contains the data and R code required to reproduce the fruit-eating bird
 analysis reported in the associated paper.Bird_Abundance_Analysis.zipData for fruit consumption analysisThis file contains the fruit consumption data from the fruit-eating bird observations reported in the associated paper.Fruit_Consumption_Data.csvData and code for kestrel perch use analysisThis zip directory contains the data and R code required to replicate the kestrel perch use analysis reported in the Supporting Information of the associated paper.Perch_Use_Analysis.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k718h66
title: Data from: Can we rely on selected genetic markers for population identification? evidence from coastal Atlantic cod

description: The use of genetic markers under putative selection in population studies
 carries the potential for erroneous identification of populations and
 misassignment of individuals to population of origin. Selected markers are
 nevertheless attractive, especially in marine organisms that are
 characterized by weak population structure at neutral loci. Highly fecund
 species may tolerate the cost of strong selective mortality during early
 life stages, potentially leading to a shift in offspring genotypes away
 from the parental proportions. In Atlantic cod, recent genetic studies
 have uncovered different genotype clusters apparently representing
 phenotypically cryptic populations that coexist in coastal waters. Here,
 we tested if a high‐graded SNP panel specifically designed to classify
 individual cod to population of origin may be unreliable because of
 natural selection acting on the SNPs or their linked background. Temporal
 samples of cod were collected from two fjords, starting at the earliest
 life stage (pelagic eggs) and carried on until late autumn (bottom‐settled
 juveniles), covering the period during summer of high natural mortality.
 Despite the potential for selective mortality during the study period, we
 found no evidence for selection, as both cod types occurred throughout the
 season, already in the earliest egg samples, and there was no evidence for
 a shift during the season in the proportions of one or the other type. We
 conclude that high‐graded marker panels under putative natural selection
 represent a valid and useful tool for identifying biological population
 structure in this highly fecund species and presumably in others.
description: datapacketThe data packet is a gzip archive containing three data files (metadata.csv, 25snp_reference.gen, and 25snpNEW.gen) and one text file (datapacket.txt) describing contents of datafiles.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j1t17
title: Data from: A species-specific multigene family mediates differential sperm displacement in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Sperm competition is a post-copulatory sexual selection mechanism in
 species in which females mate with multiple males. Despite its
 evolutionary relevance in shaping male traits, the genetic mechanisms
 underlying sperm competition are poorly understood. A recently originated
 multigene family specific to D. melanogaster, Sdic, is important for the
 outcome of sperm competition in doubly-mated females, although the
 mechanistic nature of this phenotype remained unresolved. Here we compared
 doubly-mated females, second mated to either Sdic knockout or non-knockout
 males, and directly visualize sperm dynamics in the female reproductive
 tract. We found that a less effective removal of first-to-mate male’s
 sperm within the female’s sperm storage organs is consistent with a
 reduced sperm competitive ability of the Sdic knockout males. Our results
 highlight the role young genes can play in driving the evolution of sperm
 competition.
description: Sperm counts in the
 reproductive tract of doubly-mated femalesAssays were performed to
 evaluate how sperm dynamics in the reproductive tract of doubly-mated
 females differs when the second-to-mate experimental male is either
 possessing (Sdic+ ) or lacking (Sdic- ) the entire D.
 melanogaster-specific Sdic multigene family. Virgin females were first
 mated to a reference Sdic+ male and then to one of the two possible
 experimental males (Sdic+ or Sdic- ) two days later. Females were randomly
 assigned to one of three time points after the end of the second mating
 period (30 min, 1 h and 45 min, and 2 days) and subsequently flash frozen.
 Female reproductive tracts were dissected and the sperm from the different
 males were counted using a fluorescent microscope. Reference and
 experimental sperm fluoresce red and green, respectively.Sperm counting
 was performed for the bursa and both sperm storage organs, i.e. the paired
 spermatheca and the seminal receptacle.Sperm counts in doubly-mated
 females.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2c8f32s
title: Data from: Quantifying ecological and social drivers of ecological surprise

description: 1. A key challenge facing ecologists and ecosystem managers is
 understanding what drives unexpected shifts in ecosystems and limits the
 effectiveness of human interventions during these events. Research that
 integrates and analyzes data from natural and social systems can provide
 important insight for unraveling the complexity of these dynamics, and is
 a critical step towards development of evidence-based, whole systems
 management approaches. 2. To examine our ability to influence ecosystems
 that are behaving in unexpected ways, we explore three prominent cases of
 ‘ecological surprise’. We capture the social-ecological systems using key
 variables and interactions from Ostrom’s social-ecological systems
 framework, which integrates broader ecosystem processes (e.g. climate,
 connectivity), management variables (e.g. quotas, restrictions,
 monitoring), resource use behaviours (e.g. harvesting), and the resource
 unit (e.g. trees, fish, clean water) being managed. 3. Structural equation
 modelling (SEM) revealed that management interventions often influenced
 resource use behaviours (e.g. rules and limits strongly affected harvest
 or pollution), but they did not have a significant effect on the abundance
 of the resource being managed. Instead, most resource variability was
 related to ecological processes and feedbacks operating at broader spatial
 or temporal scales than management interventions, which locked the
 resource system into the degraded state. 4. Synthesis and applications.
 Mismatch between the influence of management systems and ecosystem
 processes can limit the effectiveness of human interventions during
 periods of ecological surprise. Management strategies should shift from a
 conventional focus on removal or addition of a single resource towards
 solutions that influence the broader ecosystem. Operationalizing Ostrom’s
 framework to quantitatively analyze social-ecological systems using SEMs
 shows promise for testing solutions to navigate these events.
description: SES
 BoFTime series data for Bay
 of Fundy social ecological systemSES BF
 2018.csvSES LCTime series data for
 Lake Champlain social-ecological systemSES BCTime series data for
 Interior BC social-ecological system
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p8c7dg7
title: Data from: Dispersal of Amur tiger from spatial distribution and genetics within the eastern Changbai mountains of China

description: Population dispersal and migration often indicate an expanded habitat and
 reduced inbreeding probability, and to some extend reflects improvement in
 the condition of the population. The Amur tiger population in the northern
 region of the Changbai mountains in China mostly distributes along the
 Sino-Russian border, next to the population in southwest Primorye in
 Russia. The successful dispersal westward and trans-boundary movement are
 crucial for the persistence of the Amur tiger in this area. This study
 explored the spatial dispersal of the population, trans-boundary migration
 and the genetic condition of the Amur tiger population within the northern
 Changbai mountains in China, using occurrence data and fecal samples. Our
 results from 2003 to 2016 showed that the Amur tiger population in this
 area was spreading westward at a speed of 12.83 ± 4.41 km every three
 years. Genetic diversity of the Amur tiger populations in southwest
 Primorye was slightly different than the population in our study area and
 the potential individual migration rate between these two populations was
 shown to be about 13.04%. Furthermore, the relationships between genetic
 distances and spatial distances indicated the existence of serious
 limitations to the dispersal of the Amur tiger in China. This study
 provided important information about spatial dispersal, trans-boundary
 migration and the genetic diversity of Amur tigers in China, showed the
 urgent need for Amur tiger habitat restoration, and suggested some
 important conservation measures, such as corridor construction to
 eliminate dispersal barriers and joint international conservation to
 promote trans-boundary movement.
description: original
 data
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31156933
title: Application of a PSMA/STEAP1 Dual-Targeted and Drug-loaded Magnetic Liposomal Nanoplatform for Integrated Multimodal Imaging and Therapy of Prostate Cancer

description: we developed a PSMA/STEAP1 dual-targeted and drug-loaded magnetic liposomal nanoplatform for integrated multimodal imaging and therapy of prostate cancer, and comparative RNA sequencing of AIE-MNPs/DOX@S/P-lip-treated versus control cells revealed extensive transcriptional reprogramming
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31156933.v1
title: Application of a PSMA/STEAP1 Dual-Targeted and Drug-loaded Magnetic Liposomal Nanoplatform for Integrated Multimodal Imaging and Therapy of Prostate Cancer

description: we developed a PSMA/STEAP1 dual-targeted and drug-loaded magnetic liposomal nanoplatform for integrated multimodal imaging and therapy of prostate cancer, and comparative RNA sequencing of AIE-MNPs/DOX@S/P-lip-treated versus control cells revealed extensive transcriptional reprogramming
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mg73v
title: Data from: Variation in relapse frequency and the transmission potential of Plasmodium vivax malaria

description: There is substantial variation in the relapse frequency of Plasmodium
 vivax malaria, with fast relapsing strains in tropical areas, and slow
 relapsing strains in temperate areas with seasonal transmission. We
 hypothesise that much of the phenotypic diversity in P. vivax relapses
 arises from selection of relapse frequency to optimise transmission
 potential in a given environment, in a process similar to the virulence
 trade-off hypothesis. We develop mathematical models of P. vivax
 transmission and calculate the basic reproduction number R0 to investigate
 how transmission potential varies with relapse frequency and seasonality.
 In tropical zones with year round transmission, transmission potential is
 optimised at intermediate relapse frequencies of 2-3 months: slower
 relapsing strains increase the opportunity for onward transmission to
 mosquitoes, but also increase the risk of being outcompeted by faster
 relapsing strains. Seasonality is an important driver of relapse frequency
 for temperate strains, with the time to first relapse predicted to be 6-9
 months, coinciding with the duration between seasonal transmission peaks.
 We predict there is a threshold degree of seasonality, below which fast
 relapsing tropical strains are selected for, and above which slow
 relapsing temperate strains dominate, providing an explanation for the
 observed global distribution of relapse phenotypes.
description: White_et_al_Relapse_data_PRSB_2016Data on relapse timings.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gc42g
title: Data from: Reversing functional extinction of mammals prompts a rethink of paradigms about seed fate in arid Australia

description: Functional extinction of once abundant species has frequently preceded
 understanding of their ecological roles. Consequently, our understanding
 of ecosystems is prone to shifting baselines because it often relies on
 observations made on depauperate species assemblages. In Australian
 deserts, current paradigms are that ants are the dominant granivores,
 mammals are unimportant seed predators and that myrmecochory in many
 Australian shrubs is an adaptation to increase dispersal distance and
 direct seeds to favourable germination sites. Here, we ask whether these
 paradigms could be artefacts of mammal extinction. We take advantage of a
 predator-proof reserve within which locally extinct native mammals have
 been reintroduced to compare seed removal by ants and mammals. Using
 foraging trays that selectively excluded mammals and ants we show that a
 reintroduced mammal, the woylie (Bettongia penicillata) was at least as
 important as ants in the removal of seeds of two shrub species (Dodonaea
 viscosa and Acacia ligulata). Our results provide evidence that the
 dominance of ants as granivores and current understanding of the adaptive
 benefit of myrmecochory in arid Australia may be artefacts of the
 functional extinction of mammals. Our study shows how reversing functional
 extinction can provide the opportunity to rethink contemporary
 understanding of ecological processes.
description: Foraging tray, seed
 removal and visitation dataData collected in Stage
 2 Scotia Wildlife Sanctuary, NSW, Australia. Foraging tray data including
 spoor recorded and number of seeds removed from tray from a possible 50. 5
 treatments were applied within a block including mammal exclusion, ant
 exclusion, procedural control ant exclusion, procedural control mammal
 exclusion, control.Mills&Letnic2017.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jv1n4sq
title: Data from: Disentangling olfactory and visual information used by field foraging birds

description: Foraging strategies of birds can influence trophic plant-insect networks
 with impacts on primary plant production. Recent experiments show that
 some forest insectivorous birds can use herbivore induced plant volatiles
 (HIPVs) to locate herbivore-infested trees, but it is unclear how birds
 combine or prioritise visual and olfactory information when making
 foraging decisions. Here we investigated attraction of ground-foraging
 birds to HIPVs and visible prey in short vegetation on farmland in a
 series of foraging choice experiments. Birds showed an initial preference
 for HIPVs when visual information was the same for all choice options
 (i.e. one experimental setup had all options with visible prey, another
 setup with hidden prey). However, if the alternatives within an
 experimental setup included visible prey (without HIPV) in competition
 with HIPV-only, then birds preferred the visual option over HIPVs. Our
 results show that olfactory cues can play an important role in birds’
 foraging choices when visual information contains little variation;
 however, visual cues are preferred when variation is present. This
 suggests certain aspects of bird foraging decisions in agricultural
 habitats are mediated by olfactory interaction mechanisms between birds
 and plants. We also found that birds from variety of dietary food guilds
 were attracted to HIPVs; hence, the ability of birds to use plant cues is
 probably more general than previously thought, and may influence the
 biological pest control potential of birds on farmland.
description: Rubene_Ecology and
 Evolution_dataData collected in a
 field experiment with 3 setups containing varying visual and olfactory
 foraging cues to birds. First choice of each bird individual out of three
 available options, setup type and bird species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.12j03
title: Data from: Maternal predator-exposure has life-long consequences for offspring learning in threespined sticklebacks

description: Learning is an important form of phenotypic plasticity that allows
 organisms to adjust their behaviour to the environment. An individual’s
 learning performance can be affected by its mother’s environment. For
 example, mothers exposed to stressors such as restraint and forced
 swimming often produce offspring with impaired learning performance.
 However, it is unclear whether there are maternal effects on offspring
 learning when mothers are exposed to ecologically relevant stressors such
 as predation risk. Here, we examined whether maternal predator-exposure
 affects adult offsprings’ learning of a discrimination task in threespined
 sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus). Mothers were either repeatedly
 chased by a model predator (predator-exposed) or not (unexposed) while
 producing eggs. Performance of adult offspring from predator-exposed and
 unexposed mothers was assessed in a discrimination task that paired a
 particular coloured chamber with a food reward. Following training, all
 offspring learned the colour-association, but offspring of
 predator-exposed mothers located the food reward more slowly than
 offspring of unexposed mothers. This pattern was not driven by initial
 differences in exploratory behaviour. These results demonstrate that an
 ecologically relevant stressor (predation risk) can induce maternal
 effects on offspring learning, and perhaps behavioural plasticity more
 generally, that last into adulthood.
description: Roche_etal_2012_maternal_predator_exposure_learning
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.87ht85rs
title: Data from: Genetic correlations and the evolution of photoperiodic time measurement within a local population of the pitcher-plant mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii

description: The genetic relationship between the daily circadian clock and the
 seasonal photoperiodic timer remains a subject of intense controversy. In
 Wyeomyia smithii, the critical photoperiod (an overt expression of the
 photoperiodic timer) evolves independently of the rhythmic response to the
 Nanda-Hamner protocol (an overt expression of the daily circadian clock)
 over a wide geographic range in North America. Herein, we focus on these
 two processes within a single local population in which there is a
 negative genetic correlation between them. We show that antagonistic
 selection against this genetic correlation rapidly breaks it down and, in
 fact, reverses its sign, showing that the genetic correlation is due
 primarily to linkage and not pleiotropy. This rapid reversal of the
 genetic correlation within a small, single population means that it is
 difficult to argue that circadian rhythmicity forms the necessary, causal
 basis for the adaptive divergence of photoperiodic time measurement within
 populations or for the evolution of photoperiodic time measurement among
 populations over a broad geographic gradient of seasonal selection.
description: SuppTable1Photoperiodic response (% Pupation) in hybrid lines before selection.SuppTable2Photoperiodic response in hybrid lines before selection and after logit transformation, where Logit = log[ % Pupation/(100 - % Pupation)].SuppTable3SuppTable4SuppTable5SuppTable6SuppTable7SuppTable10