cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2238-2-v2
title: Norwegian Party Congress Delegate Survey, 2009

description: This data wasa collected for the project "Political Parties and Democracy: Decline or Change?" The aim of "Political Parties and Democracy: Decline or Change?" is to illustrate various aspects of party policy development, which can give us new and improved knowledge about challenges and the behavious concerning democracy and the parties in the 21st century. We are particularly interested in the dynamics of the relationship between voters, party members, candidates and political leadership, with regard to public opinion formation, policy development as well as recruitment for public office at the national level. Another main subject is the parties' development as arenas for political participation. The project has therefore in the spring of 2009 conducted two separate surveys among the seven largest parties in Norway; one with Norwegian Party Congress delegates in spring 2009 and one with a representative sample of party members.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2239-v1
title: Communication and Corporate Social Responsibility in Norway, 2009

description: Enron, Shell, and in Norway, Statoil and the state-owned Vinmonopolet, are all companies that have recently been involved in scandals and criticized for unethical conduct. By implication, these companies are also accused of neglecting their corporate social responsibility (CSR). Concurrently, it is not unlikely that such scandals have fed what appears to be widespread public skepticism regarding CSR programs. The companies' motivation for CSR is questioned, and it is doubted whether they follow up on grand promises made in public statements such as CSR reports. This skepticism poses rhetorical challenges for companies and also demands reflective and ethical strategies that address public perceptions of CSR. It is important to grasp the existing discourses about CSR in company publications, but also how the CSR concept is expressed in the mass media. 
In the research literature, however, studies of such aspects are scarce.This project addresses the above shortcomings in a Norwegian context by conducting a historical and context sensitive rhetorical and ethical analysis of communication strategies, as well as the mass media's coverage of CSR-related topics. Textual analysis is conducted drawing on both classical and modern works from rhetoric, public relations and the management discipline of business ethics. Qualitative interviews with organizational representatives will be used as a supplement. The focus is on five large,five medium-sized and five small Norwegian companies.

This dataset contains the media coverage of a white paper on social responsibility.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2241-v1
title: Tracking Signatures of Adaptive Diversification During Postglacial Colonization: The Build-Up of Genomic Isolation in Threespine Stickleback, 2015

description: The evolution of threespine sticklebacks in freshwater lakes constitutes a well-studied example of a phenotypic radiation that has produced numerous instances of parallel evolution, but the exact selective agents that drive these changes are not yet fully understood. This project aims to study the adaptive diversification in the polymorphic/euryhaline threespine stickleback at genomic and phenotypic scales during colonization from the ocean to freshwater. Four lateral plate morphs were found, where a completely plated morph dominates in the ocean, a partially plated morph in brackish water, and a low plated morph in freshwater. In a few lakes, a fourth morph lacking lateral plates was found. This salinity gradient is viewed as an evolutionary temporal transect where populations adapt to local selection pressures, and where hybridization and adaptive introgression occur in contact zones. This project aims to detect selection on phenotypes in the wild, search for signatures of selection, adaptive introgression and drift along the genome, and illuminate how phenotypes are linked to genomic divergence, studying mechanisms behind heterogenous genomic divergence in a framework of evolutionary parallelism. Only weak indications of adaptation were found. Instead, populations seem to have diversified in phenotypic directions consistent with allometric scaling relationships. This indicates that evolutionary constraints may have played a role in structuring phenotypic variation across freshwater populations of stickleback.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2243-v1
title: ERC - Stokke - Understanding the evolution and maintenance of host range in a generalist parasite - the paradox of sympatric host races, 2014

description: Generalist parasites may expand to new host species, or change the geographic range over which they exploit their hosts, as exemplified by emerging diseases and novel parasites in humans, domesticated plants and animals. Parasite range modifications may bring different host races into contact, facilitating gene flow among them. Sympatric host races of generalist parasites that maintain distinct adaptations to their different hosts represent a great puzzle in evolutionary biology. How can such host races evolve and be maintained in the face of homogenizing gene flow? 

The aim of the proposed project is to understand the factors that influence evolution and maintenance of host range in a generalist parasite, the common cuckoo Cuculus canorus. In this parasite, individual females specialize on one or a few host species and have evolved specific egg morphs that mimic perfectly those of their hosts. I have compiled a unique database of nearly 40,000 parasitized host clutches found across Europe spanning ca. 200 years, and I will collect phenotypic and genetic data for ca. 2,500 cuckoo eggs stored in European museums. I will analyze spatial and temporal distributions of host races and parasite traits across Europe and determine levels of genetic differentiation and gene flow among host races at both neutral and functional loci. This will allow me to identify factors that determine host range, genetic differentiation and levels of adaptation, and shed light on how host-specific races of parasites evolve and are maintained. Understanding host specificity and host range in a widely distributed generalist parasite will not only have an impact on evolutionary theory, but also with possible ramifications for conservation and veterinary and medical health issues.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2244-v1
title: Besieged by Enemies: Video Games in Language and Social Sciences at Nordahl Grieg High School, 2015

description: The basis for the project is a unique focus on video games in education among several teachers at Nordahl Grieg high school, with support and encouragement from the school management. They have done relatively extensive trials including Civilization IV (Norwegian, English and social studies), The Last of Us (Norwegian) and The Walking Dead (religion, ethics and beliefs), and several similar programs are being planned. Many interesting initial experiences are documented through blogs and media reports. A dense and growing community supporting computer games in education provides a unique opportunity to invest in Nordahl Grieg as a pioneering school and resource center for the use of games in education, in collaboration with the University of Bergen and the game development environment in Bergen. It is important that the skills are about to be constructed, maintained and further developed. The initiative we are now seeing is also a unique opportunity to develop research-based expertise in the use of games in schools, through a long-term cooperation between the education sector and the University of Bergen. We want to focus primarily on the Bergen region and secondary schools in Hordaland county, in order to exploit a local and regional cluster effect and to put in place a permanent infrastructure based on activity and visions at Nordahl Grieg. Collaborators are Nordahl Grieg high school and Spillmakerlauget Vest (Game Maker Guild West). We will prioritize experiments with commercial computer games in language, cultural and social sciences. 
So far very little research on and systematic experience with this type of use of digital games in Norwegian classrooms has been done. The pilot study will document and make experiences available both from Nordahl Grieg and other secondary schools in Oslo. It will also do pilot studies in the classroom, arrange workshops between teachers and local game developers, and build networks locally, nationally and internationally prior to an application for innovation project funding in 2015.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2244-v2
title: Besieged by Enemies: Video Games in Language and Social Sciences at Nordahl Grieg High School, 2015

description: The basis for the project is a unique focus on video games in education among several teachers at Nordahl Grieg high school, with support and encouragement from the school management. They have done relatively extensive trials including Civilization IV (Norwegian, English and social studies), The Last of Us (Norwegian) and The Walking Dead (religion, ethics and beliefs), and several similar programs are being planned. Many interesting initial experiences are documented through blogs and media reports. A dense and growing community supporting computer games in education provides a unique opportunity to invest in Nordahl Grieg as a pioneering school and resource center for the use of games in education, in collaboration with the University of Bergen and the game development environment in Bergen. It is important that the skills are about to be constructed, maintained and further developed. The initiative we are now seeing is also a unique opportunity to develop research-based expertise in the use of games in schools, through a long-term cooperation between the education sector and the University of Bergen. We want to focus primarily on the Bergen region and secondary schools in Hordaland county, in order to exploit a local and regional cluster effect and to put in place a permanent infrastructure based on activity and visions at Nordahl Grieg. Collaborators are Nordahl Grieg high school and Spillmakerlauget Vest (Game Maker Guild West). We will prioritize experiments with commercial computer games in language, cultural and social sciences. 
So far very little research on and systematic experience with this type of use of digital games in Norwegian classrooms has been done. The pilot study will document and make experiences available both from Nordahl Grieg and other secondary schools in Oslo. It will also do pilot studies in the classroom, arrange workshops between teachers and local game developers, and build networks locally, nationally and internationally prior to an application for innovation project funding in 2015.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2245-v1
title: Biololgical methane oxidation by methanotrophic Verrucomicrobia under hot and acidic conditions; evolution of an ancient metabolic trait, 2015

description: Recent isolation of thermoacidophilic methane-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Verrucomicrobia lineage of evolution has expanded our understanding of the diversity of biological methane oxidation. These microorganisms share the unique ability to use methane, a potent greenhouse gas, as a sole carbon and energy source. Methylacidiphilum kamchatkense, strain Kam1, which my lab isolated from an acidic hot spring in Kamchatka, Russia, will be used as a model for further molecular and physiological analyses of methane oxidation in these organisms, which possess 3-4 conserved operons each encoding 3 particulate methane monooxygenase (Pmo) protein subunits. Preliminary analyses indicate that only one is functionally expressed in Kam1 under standard growth conditions. Through further transcriptional and proteomics analyses, the effect of environmental factors, such as substrate limitation and available copper, on the expression of pmo operons will be assessed as well as the mechanisms for operon regulation. The intracellular polyhedral bodies in these organisms are of particular interest; they may represent a novel subcellular micro-compartment for methane oxidation, compensating for the lack of the typical Pmo-associated intracellular membrane system found in other methanotrophs. These unique intracellular structures may also play a role in detoxification and/or carbon assimilation. The organelles will be purified from Kam1 and their functional role will be assessed. The diversity and activity of methanotroph ic Verrucomicrobia populations from other geothermal regions will also be explored, in part, through international collaboration. Results from this project will provide novel insights into the evolution and diversity of biological methane oxidation, a presumed "ancient" metabolic trait and key process in curbing natural greenhouse gas emissions.

The data set consists of DNA sequence data in GBFF format.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2246-v1
title: Representing Others in a Public Good Game – Experiment Data, 2011

description: Data is collected from "Representing Others in a Public Good Game – Experiment Data, 2011". The purpose of the study was to compare decisions when taken by individuals who represent themselves, and individuals representing a group. A laboratory experiment was carried out at the University of Oslo with 108 participants. The participants played public good games against other participants. Some games were played as an individual, and others made choices on the behalf of a group that played against other groups. Data  generated from the project  "Improving international cooperation on emission abatement".
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2247-v1
title: Development of Nanoparticle Based Therapies Against Tuberculosis in the Zebrafish Model, 2015

description: The data presented are collected through the project “Development of Nanoparticle Based Therapies Against Tuberculosis in the Zebrafish Model, 2015”. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the cause of tuberculosis (TB) infects one-third of the world population, one person per second, and kills about 2 million people per year. The only effective therapy, using antibiotics, is being challenged by increasing antibiotic resistance. It has been shown that when antibiotics are encapsulated in a biodegradable nanoparticle (NP) made from a polymer such as poly (lactate-co-glycolate) acid (PLGA) the drug is significantly more effective in curing TB in different animal models; higher concentrations of antibiotics can be targeted selectively to macrophages, the infection site, where they are released slowly, while the total systemic levels is much less than with standard drug therapy. A weakness of the existing animal models of TB is the difficulty in visualizing the NPs in the infected live animal, which is essential if one is to optimize beads for their ability to reach infected cells after different modes of administration. This is precisely the great strength of the transparent zebrafish model of tuberculosis based on red and green variants of M.marinum, the fish TB organism. In this project a model using red and green fluorescent M. marinum was established, and it also successfully fabricated PLGA NPs enclosing the antibiotic rifampicin and red or green fluorescent dyes. When these beads are injected into embryos 1-2 days after infection they reach the same cells in the granulomas as the bacteria and we have preliminary data giving hints of therapy. Furthermore the aim is now to perfect this system for embryos and adults and find the most effective NPs that reach granulomas and provide a robust therapy. This system enables to screen for different kinds of NPs, as well as to compare different antibiotics and combinations thereof, and cDNA's coding for anti-microbial peptides. The most effective NPs will be given to collaborators in India to test them in a guinea pig model as a prelude to testing the NPs in humans.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2248-v1
title: Laboratory Experiments and Numerical Modelling of Tsunamis Generated by Rock Slides into Fjords, 2015

description: The primary objective of this project was to establish procedures and facilitate operational models for assessment and analysis of possible future rock slide tsunamis. Increased understanding and improved computational tools for tsunamis generated by rock slides were sought through a combination of laboratory studies and numerical modeling. Coupling of various mathematical models for rock slide generation, propagation, and run-up of waves were emphasized. One of the possible tsunamigenic rock slopes in Norway today is located at Åknes along Storfjorden, western Norway. As a result of the need for risk assessment and management in the area, the Åknes/Tafjord project was initiated in 2004 (from 2009: Åknes/Tafjord Beredskap IKS) as a comprehensive R&D, monitoring, and early warning project related to large unstable rock slopes and their consequences in terms of tsunamis threatening local communities. The maximum volume of the potential Åknes rock slide is estimated to 54 million m3, and movements of up to 20 cm/year are recorded more than 900 m.a.s.l. The present findings of the Åknes/Tafjord project and the existing and unique 1:500 scale fjord model facilities form an excellent starting point for additional basic research required to establis h procedures and operational models. The deliverables will be a significant contribution to reduce hazard and risk related to rock slide tsunamis in fjords, lakes, and hydropower reservoirs. The project is a close cooperation between the Department of Mathematics at University of Oslo (UiO), the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), and SINTEF Coast and Harbour Laboratory (CHL). Cornell University (the modeling part) and Georgia Institute of Technology (the experimental part) were also collaborators in the project.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2250-v1
title: The Ritland impact crater - Appearance and mechanisms of formation 2013

description: The objectives of the project will be met by detailed studies in the field, laboratory analyses and numerical modelling. The field studies will cover the impact rocks, the fractured basement rocks and the post-impact crater infill sequence, including search for ejected material. We will utilise the 3-dimensional erosional cut and the excellent exposures of the Ritland crater to reconstruct the original crater shape and the history of crater infilling by applying petroleum industry software (Petrel). This reconstruction will be the base for modeling the mechanics of crater formation (Shuvalov). The basement fracturing will be documented in sections with continuous detailed photographic coverage. Using the crater model, the sections can then be analysed with reference to their original xyz location relative to the pre-erosional crater structure. Geochemical studies will be carried out on samples of the impact rocks with suevite-like textures, as well as on selected post-impact sediments from the lowermost part of the crater structure. If the new field-work succeeds in finding ejecta material, this will also be included. Analyses of the platinum group elements as well as Os and Cr isotopes will be carried out at the University of Vienna, to obtain information about the impactor. We will also look into the possibility of radiometric dating of glass samples. The excellent exposures of fractured basement and crater fill of the Ritland Crater are complementary to, and will be compared with the Gardnos Crater, which is larger, more complex and with more scattered exposures. Elin Kalleson will finish her PhD on Gardnos in 2008 and her experience will be important for a flying start of this project. It is an objective to document the Ritland Crater as a reference area for future scientific studies. The project also aims to use the Ritland rater to develop interest for geology and natural sciences in the local community and the region.

Data from the project are presented in several papers. See references below.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2251-v1
title: "Dormancy Cycling: From Signals to Developmental Transitions, 2014"

description: The dataset "Dormancy cycling: from signals to developmental transitions, 2014" is a follow-up of the RCN-funded FRIMOLBIOL-project "ClimaDorm, 2006-2008". 
Dormancy cycling is an adaptive strategy that is vital to the survival of perennials. Our knowledge of this phenomenon is still very restricted, and the aim of the proposed research is to increase the insight into the underlying fundamental processes. As dormancy is a property of the growing point we need to understand how it functions during both activity and dormancy. We aim to identify the molecular and cellular determinants of the active and the dormant state and how the environment brings about transitions. The major focus is on the distinct roles the rib meristem (RM) and the shoot apical meristem (SAM) play in perceiving photoperiodic signals. End-of season growth cessation requires the downregulation of the gene CENL1 in the RM and rib zone (RZ), as we showed previously (Plant Cell, 2008). CENL1 expression and potential movement of CENL1 protein will be localized during the dormancy cycle by traditional and transgenic approaches, and related to expression of the PtWUS gene and symplasmic boundaries in the growing point. During dormancy cell-cell communication via plasmodesmata (PD) and cell walls is suspended, and regrowth requires reconstitution of these communication paths. Reconstitution is likely to be mediated by lipid bodies (LB), formed during dormancy induction, which carry oleosins and 1,3-beta-D-glucanases (GLU) to the cell membrane during chilling. This hypothesis will be tested with transgenic approaches that address LB-PD interactions, and target PD with GLU fused to a PD-specific TM D. PI and senior researcher have ample experience in meristem and dormancy work and it is expected that the proposed work will substantially contribute to the basic understanding of dormancy cycling, and to the potential deregulating effects climate change will have.

Data is presented in various published articles.
DOI: 10.18712/nsd-nsd2252-v1
title: The E-vote Project, 2011

description: The Institute for Social Research (ISF) has been commissioned by The Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development to coordinate the evaluation of the trials with electronic voting (e-voting) in the local elections in Norway the autumn of 2011. As a basis for the report and the data set, is a diverse empirical material about topics that can be attached to e-voting. These themes include accessibility and voter turnout, trust in elections and e-voting in particular, secrecy of the ballot and efficiency related to the election. Signe Bock Segaard was the project manager and had overall responsibility for the project evaluation. The report is intended to be a research-based foundation for further work on the e-elections, including the public debate on voting via internet.