cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sqv9s4n0v
title: Effects of biotic and abiotic stressors on asymmetries and head size in two sympatric lizard species

description: Organisms face numerous environmental stressors, which can affect
 developmental precision. Developmental instability can be used as an
 efficient and reliable bioindicator of environmental stressors and
 individual health. However, little information is available about effects
 of interspecific interactions on occurrence of developmental instability.
 We analyzed fluctuating asymmetry in two sympatric lizard species
 (Iberolacerta horvathi and Podarcis muralis), which exhibit a competitive
 interaction, to determine potential effects of altitude, interspecific
 competition and urbanization on a set of physical characteristics. We
 sampled 16 syntopic and allotopic populations and used methods of
 geometric morphometrics to analyze head morphology. We detected
 significant effect of altitude, but the trend was not linear: lizards had
 most asymmetrical heads at mid altitudes, which could be related to lower
 availability of favorable lizard habitats (open areas) at this altitude
 and therefore higher competition. We observed that lizards from allotopic
 populations attained larger head sizes compared to lizards in syntopy that
 experienced interspecific competition. This could suggest that in sites
 where competing species is absent, individuals can invest more energy in
 the development of the body. Moreover, head shape of Iberolacerta horvathi
 was more asymmetric compared to Podarcis muralis, which could indicate
 difference between species in the vulnerability to stress effects. We did
 not detect any statistically significant effect of urbanization, which
 could relate to relatively low degree of pollution and habitat degradation
 in our study area. Our results highlight the possibility of using lizards
 and developmental instability for bioindication of environmental
 stressors.
description: The tps files contain 2-D digitized landmarks of the dorsal view
 of the head. 28 landmarks were taken on each specimen. Landmark recording
 was repeated twice for each animal.
 "Specimen" label in classifier file corresponds to ID
 label in the landmark-data file, "species" indicates which
 species it is (IHOR=<em>Iberolacerta horvathi</em>,
 PMUR=<em>Podarcis muralisI, </em>"sex" (M or F)
 indicates animal gender, "svl" indicates snout-vent
 length, "pop" indicates the population type
 (allotopic/syntopic). Landmark recording was repeated twice for each
 animal and is indicated by "image" (1 or 2).
 "Individual" is the consequent number of the specimen,
 "type" represents type of environment (urban/natural), under
 "altitude" are altitude meters, under "kategorija" are
 altitude categories (nizka=low, srednje_nizka=medium-low,
 srednje_visoka=medium-high, visoka=high. The excel file
 contains supracilliar granules counts, which were counted twice, each time
 in a different order with several days of rest between the first and
 second counting, by the same person.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vmcvdncpp
title: Feasibility of assessing vegetative and generative endpoints of crop- and non- crop terrestrial plant species for non-target terrestrial plant (NTTP) regulatory testing under greenhouse conditions

description: Agriculture is the dominating land-use in the EU member states covering
 nearly half of the surface area. Using herbicides to reduce weed
 competition in agricultural areas can adversely affect Non-Target
 Terrestrial Plants (NTTP) growing in field margins. According to the EFSA
 Scientific Opinion on NTTPs an important protection goal is to maintain
 the biodiversity of plant species in agricultural areas. EFSA recommends
 to include also non-crop species mentioned in OECD guidelines (OECD 208
 and 227) in the testing and to assess not only vegetative but also
 generative endpoints during the plant life-cycle such as flowering and
 seed production. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the
 feasibility of assessing generative endpoints of crop and non-crop species
 for NTTP regulatory testing under greenhouse conditions and to assess if
 generative endpoints are more sensitive than vegetative endpoints. The
 experimental design consisted of one control and four herbicide (Atlantis®
 WG) application rates, with 6 replicates each. The application rates of
 the test substance were the maximum field rate and 30%, 10% and 3% of the
 field rate. Biomass, plant height, flowering, seed production as well as
 seedling emergence of the F1 generation were assessed. The study shows a
 feasible approach to assess vegetative and generative endpoints of (non-)
 crops species under greenhouse conditions on the basis of the OECD
 guideline 227. The vegetative endpoints plant height and biomass were not
 more sensitive if assessed during the generative growth stage when
 compared to the vegetative growth stage of the plants. In contrast to
 that, the generative endpoint seed production was partly more sensitive in
 comparison to the vegetative endpoints biomass and plant height. For
 regulatory NTTP studies, 5 or more test substance rates at non-lethal
 levels should be tested so to allow the determination of ER10/50 values
 for vegetative and generative endpoints.
description: In general it was a greenhouse experiment according to the OECD
 guideline 227. In addition to that non-crop species were considered and
 besides vegetative endpoints also generative endpoints were
 assessed.
description: Three datasets are uploaded: 1. Germination
 rates of the harvested seeds (F1) after short seed storage &lt; 14
 days 2. Germination rates of the harvested seeds (F1)
 after seed storage in the fridge for &gt; 5 months.
 3. All data, except of the germination rates provided in dataset
 1 and 2
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3ffbg79f0
title: A novel method to measure hairiness in bees and other insect pollinators

description: 1. Hairiness is a salient trait of insect pollinators that has been linked
 to thermoregulation, pollen uptake and transportation, and pollination
 success. Despite its potential importance in pollination ecology,
 hairiness is rarely included in pollinator trait analyses. This is likely
 due to the lack of standardized and efficient methods to measure
 hairiness. 2. We describe a novel methodology that uses a stereomicroscope
 equipped with a live measurement module software to quantitatively measure
 two components of hairiness: hair density and hair length. We took
 measures of the two hairiness components in 109 insect pollinator species
 (including 52 bee species). We analysed the relationship between hair
 density and length and between these two components and body size. We
 combined hair density and length measures to calculate a hairiness index
 and tested whether hairiness differed between major pollinator groups and
 bee genera. 3. Body size was strongly and positively correlated to hair
 length and weakly and negatively correlated to hair density. The
 correlation between the two hairiness components was weak and negative.
 According to our hairiness index butterflies and moths were the hairiest
 pollinator group, followed by bees, hoverflies, beetles, and other flies.
 Among bees, bumblebees (Bombus) and mason bees (Osmia) were the hairiest
 taxa, followed by digger bees (Anthophorinae), sand bees (Andrena) and
 sweat bees (Halictini). 4. Our methodology provides an effective and
 standardized measure of the two components of hairiness (hair density and
 length) thus allowing for a meaningful interpretation of hairiness. We
 provide a detailed protocol of our methodology, which we hope will
 contribute to improve our understanding of pollination effectiveness,
 thermal biology and responses to climate change in insects.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v15dv41sn
title: Critical PO2 as a diagnostic biomarker for the effects of low-oxygen modified and controlled atmospheres on phytosanitary irradiation treatments in the Cabbage Looper Trichoplusia ni (Hübner)

description: BACKGROUND: Phytosanitary irradiation is a sustainable alternative to
 chemical fumigants for disinfesting fresh commodities from insect pests.
 However, irradiating insects in modified atmospheres with very low oxygen
 (&lt;1 kPa O2) has repeatedly been shown to increase radioprotective
 response. Thus, there is a concern that modified atmosphere packaging
 could reduce the efficacy of phytosanitary irradiation. One hurdle slowing
 the widespread application of phytosanitary irradiation is a lack of
 knowledge about how moderate levels of hypoxia relevant to modified
 atmosphere packaging of most fresh commodities (3-10 kPa O2) may affect
 phytosanitary irradiation treatments. Therefore, we hypothesize that
 critical PO2 (Pcrit), the level of oxygen at which an insect’s metabolism
 becomes impaired, can be used as a diagnostic biomarker to predict the
 induction of a radioprotective response. RESULTS: Using the cabbage looper
 Trichoplusia ni (Hübner), we show that there is a substantial increase in
 radiation resistance when larvae are irradiated in atmospheres more
 hypoxic than their Pcrit (3.3 kPa O2). These data are consistent with our
 hypothesis that Pcrit could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for what
 levels of hypoxia may induce radioprotective effects that could impact
 phytosanitary irradiation treatments. CONCLUSION: We propose that the
 relationship between Pcrit and radioprotective effects could allow us to
 build a framework for predicting the effects of low-oxygen atmospheres on
 the efficacy of phytosanitary irradiation. However, more widespread
 studies across pest species are still needed to test the generality of
 this idea.
description: Spreadsheet contains two tabs: "survival" and
 "Pc"
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dr7sqv9vd
title: Phenotypic divergence among threespine stickleback that differ in nuptial coloration

description: By studying systems in their earliest stages of differentiation, we can
 learn about the evolutionary forces acting within and among populations
 and how those forces could contribute to reproductive isolation. Such an
 understanding would help us better discern and predict how selection leads
 to the maintenance of multiple morphs within a species, rather than
 speciation. The postglacial adaptive radiation of the threespine
 stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) is one of the best-studied cases of
 evolutionary diversification and rapid, repeated speciation. Following
 deglaciation, marine stickleback have continually invaded freshwater
 habitats across the northern hemisphere, establishing resident populations
 that diverged innumerable times from their oceanic ancestors. Independent
 colonization events have yielded broadly parallel patterns of
 morphological differences in freshwater and marine stickleback. However,
 there is much phenotypic diversity within and among freshwater
 populations. We studied a lesser-known freshwater ‘species pair’ found in
 southwest Washington, where male stickleback in numerous locations have
 lost the ancestral red sexual signal and instead develop black nuptial
 coloration. We measured phenotypic variation in a suite of traits across
 sites where both red and black stickleback do not overlap in distribution
 and at one site where they historically co-occurred. We found substantial
 phenotypic divergence between red and black morphs in non-color traits
 including shape and lateral plating, and additionally find evidence that
 supports the hypothesis of sensory drive as the mechanism responsible for
 the evolutionary switch in color from red to black. A newly described
 “mixed” morph in Connor Creek, Washington differs in head shape and size
 from the red and black morphs, and we suggest that their characteristics
 are most consistent with hybridization between anadromous and freshwater
 stickleback. These results lay the foundation for future investigation of
 the underlying genetic basis of this phenotypic divergence as well as the
 evolutionary processes that drive, maintain, or limit divergence among
 morphs.
description: Five csv files with no missing values. A second tab on each file
 clarifies column names and contents if necessary.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rr4xgxd5m
title: Data from: A quantitative review of density-dependent growth and survival in salmonids: biological mechanisms, methodological biases, and management implications

description: Understanding the complex variation in patterns of density-dependent
 individual growth and survival across populations is critical to adaptive
 fisheries management, but the extent to which this variation is caused by
 biological or methodological differences is unclear. Consequently, we
 conducted a correlational meta-analysis of published literature to
 investigate the relative importance of methodological and biological
 predictors on the shape and strength of density-dependent individual
 growth and survival in salmonids. We obtained 160 effect sizes from 75
 studies of 12 species conducted between 1977-2019 that differed in
 experimental approach (sensu Hurlbert, 1984; 65 laboratory experiments, 60
 observational field studies, and 35 field experiments). The experimental
 approach was the strongest factor influencing the strength of
 density-dependence across studies: density-dependent survival was stronger
 than growth in field observational studies, whereas laboratory experiments
 detected stronger density-dependent growth than survival. The difference
 between density-dependent growth and survival was minimal in field
 experiments, and between lotic and lentic habitats. The shape of
 density-dependence (logarithmic, linear, exponential, or
 density-independent) could be predicted with 66.7% accuracy based solely
 on the experimental approach and the density gradient (highest/lowest*100)
 of the study. Overall, the strength and shape of density-dependence were
 primarily influenced by methodological predictors, while biological
 factors (predator presence, food abundance, and species) had predictable
 but modest effects. For both empirical studies and adaptive fisheries
 management, we recommend using field experiments with a density gradient
 of at least 460% to detect the proper shape of the density-dependent
 response, or accounting for potential biases if observational or
 laboratory studies are conducted.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k6djh9w3m
title: To clean or not to clean: cleaning mutualism breakdown in a tidal environment

description: The dynamics and prevalence of mutualistic interactions, which are
 responsible for the maintenance and structuring of all ecological
 communities, are vulnerable to changes in abiotic and biotic environmental
 conditions. Mutualistic outcomes can quickly shift from cooperation to
 conflict, but it unclear how resilient and stable mutualistic outcomes are
 to more variable conditions. Tidally controlled coral atoll lagoons that
 experience extreme diurnal environmental shifts thus provide a model from
 which to test plasticity in mutualistic behavior of dedicated (formerly
 obligate) cleaner fish, which acquire all their food resources through
 client interactions. Here we investigated cleaning patterns of a model
 cleaner fish species, the bluestreak wrasse (Labroides dimidiatus), in an
 isolated tidal lagoon on the Great Barrier Reef. Under tidally restricted
 conditions, uniquely both adults and juveniles were part-time facultative
 cleaners, pecking on Isopora palifera coral. The mutualism was not
 completely abandoned, with adults also wandering across the reef in search
 of clients, rather than waiting at fixed site cleaning stations, a
 behavior not yet observed at any other reef. Contrary to well established
 patterns for this cleaner, juveniles appeared to exploit the system, by
 biting (‘cheating’) their clients more frequently than adults. We show for
 the first time, that within this variable tidal environment, where
 mutualistic cleaning might not represent a stable food source, the
 prevalence and dynamics of this mutualism may be breaking down (through
 increased cheating and partial abandonment). Environmental variability
 could thus reduce the pervasiveness of mutualisms within our ecosystems,
 ultimately reducing the stability of the system.
DOI: 10.5068/d1w09j
title: An incoherent feedforward loop interprets NFkappaB/RelA dynamics to determine TNF-induced necroptosis decisions

description: Balancing cell death is essential to maintain healthy tissue homeostasis
 and prevent disease. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) not only activates
 nuclear factor kB (NFkappaB), which coordinates the cellular
 response to inflammation, but may also trigger necroptosis, a
 pro-inflammatory form of cell death. Whether TNF-induced NFkappaB affects
 the fate decision to undergo TNF-induced necroptosis is unclear. Live-cell
 microscopy and model-aided analysis of death kinetics identified a
 molecular circuit that interprets TNF-induced NFkappaB/RelA dynamics to
 control necroptosis decisions.Inducible expression of TNFAIP3/A20 forms an
 incoherent feedforward loop to interfere with the RIPK3-containing
 necrosome complex and protect a fraction of cells from transient,
 but not long-term TNF exposure. Furthermore, dysregulated NFkappaB
 dynamics often associated with disease diminish TNF-induced necroptosis.
 Our results suggest that TNF’s dual roles in either coordinating
 cellular responses to inflammation, or further amplifying inflammation are
 determined by a dynamic NFkappaB-A20-RIPK3 circuit, that could be targeted
 to treat inflammation and cancer.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xd6htj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 9 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Electrona carlsbergi",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than -90",
 "DecimalLatitude is less than 90",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than -180",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2015"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 9 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002195-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7ry4wt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 452 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Acmispon utahensis",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 452 records from 44 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002196-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6086/d1m08p
title: Social context, but not individual personality, alters immigrant viability in a spider with mixed social structure

description: Immigrant viability is a major determinant of the realized rate of gene
 flow across populations. For social organisms, the social context in which
 immigrants disperse across contrasting environments may have important
 implications for their viability post dispersal. Here, we use social
 spiders whose individual personalities as well as group personality
 compositions vary across sites to test whether the strength of selection
 against immigrants (i.e. mortality rates) differs depending on whether
 spiders are transplanted (1) as individuals and remain alone, (2) join
 pre-existing colonies at their new non-native environment, or (3) move
 with their native group. We also tested for an effect of individual
 personality on survival. We found that social context, and not individual
 personality, affects individual survival in foreign environments with
 contrasting resource levels. Individuals that were transplanted with their
 native groups suffered higher mortality rates compared to individuals
 transplanted as singletons, regardless of whether or not they were
 assimilated into native colonies. Moving as individuals could thus provide
 an avenue for ongoing gene flow among populations from different resource
 environments. We found no depressed performance of control colonies that
 were transplanted across sites with resource levels similar to each
 colony's site of origin. These results are at odds with the intuition
 that dispersing as a group should generally enhance the viability of
 immigrants, at least in social species. We propose that these results
 could be explained by a mismatch in the ideal group compositions
 (personality compositions) favoured in different environments, despite a
 lack of selection on individual personality traits. These results provide
 a first glimpse into the relative roles of individual personality and
 social context in mediating gene flow among populations from divergent
 environments.
description: We are making these data accessible to the scientific community
 while we review them.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8cz8w9gkt
title: Research on stress release for gob-side roadway using roof-cutting technology with chainsaw arm

description: The narrow pillar mining technology is usually adopted for workface in
 coal mines. However, in case of overlying hard roof, a suspended triangle
 roof palte or a cantilever will be formed near the goaf. At this point,
 the coal pillars will be extruded and serious deformation for gob-side
 roadway will occur. In order to solve the problem, the roof-cutting
 technology with chainsaw arm and its equipment has been developed. In this
 paper, the deformation and failure characteristics of 2312 roadway near
 the goaf of 2311 working face in Tashan Coal Mine were firstly analyzed.
 So, the roof-cutting technology with chainsaw arm was applied in 2311
 roadway. Next, the roof-cutting process and the load acted on the coal
 pillar were discussed and analyzed. Then, the numerical model was
 established to analyze the stress releasing effects. Moreover, the
 roof-cutting height and the support parameters of the roadway were
 optimized. The numerical analysis manifested that the roof cutting was the
 most effective when the roof-cutting height was 6.4 m. And after roof
 cutting, the vertical stresses of the coal pillars decreased by about
 25.0%. Finally, the roof-cutting experiment was carried out in 2311
 roadway in Tashan Coal Mine. The on-site roof-cutting depth was 6.4 m and
 the roof-cutting width was 42 mm. To verify the stress releasing effects,
 the borehole stressmeters were applied to monitor the peak advanceing
 stresses of narrow pillars at various depths. The measured results
 indicated that the peak advanceing stresses decreased by 22.8% on average
 and thus achieved the roof cutting and stress releasing effects.