cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115426.v3/t131
title: "Supplementary Table 9" of "Search for resonant production of strongly coupled dark matter in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV"

description: Relative efficiencies in % for each step of the event selection process for signals with $m_{\text{Z}^{\prime}} = 3.1\,\text{TeV}$, $m_{\text{dark}} = 20\,\text{GeV}$, $r_{\text{inv}} = 0.3$, and varying $\alpha_{\text{dark}}$ values. Statistical uncertainties, at most 0.4%, are omitted. The line "Efficiency [%]" is the absolute efficiency after the final selection. The subsequent lines show the efficiency for each signal region, relative to the final selection.
description: The first collider search for dark matter arising from a strongly coupled hidden sector is presented, using a data sample corresponding to $138\,\text{fb}^{-1}$, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC, at a center-of-mass energy of $13\,\text{TeV}$. The hidden sector is hypothesized to couple to the standard model (SM) via a heavy leptophobic $\text{Z}^{\prime}$ mediator, which would be produced as a resonance in proton-proton collisions. The mediator decay results in two "semivisible" jets, containing both visible matter and invisible dark matter. The final state therefore includes moderate missing energy aligned with one of the jets, a signature ignored by most dark matter searches. The observed dijet transverse mass spectra are smoothly falling, as expected from the SM; no structure compatible with the signal is observed. Assuming the $\text{Z}^{\prime}$ and SM Z bosons have the same couplings to the SM quarks, an inclusive search, relevant to any model that exhibits this kinematic behavior, excludes mediator masses of 1.5--$4.0\,\text{TeV}$ at 95% confidence level, depending on the other signal model parameters. To enhance the sensitivity of the search for this particular class of hidden sector models, a boosted decision tree (BDT) is trained using jet substructure variables to distinguish between semivisible jets and SM jets from background processes. When the BDT is employed to identify each jet in the dijet system as semivisible, the mediator mass exclusion increases to $5.1\,\text{TeV}$, for wider ranges of the other signal model parameters.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115426.v3/t132
title: "Supplementary Table 10" of "Search for resonant production of strongly coupled dark matter in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV"

description: Relative efficiencies in % for each step of the event selection process for signals with $m_{\text{Z}^{\prime}} = 4.1\,\text{TeV}$, $m_{\text{dark}} = 20\,\text{GeV}$, $r_{\text{inv}} = 0.3$, and varying $\alpha_{\text{dark}}$ values. Statistical uncertainties, at most 0.4%, are omitted. The line "Efficiency [%]" is the absolute efficiency after the final selection. The subsequent lines show the efficiency for each signal region, relative to the final selection.
description: The first collider search for dark matter arising from a strongly coupled hidden sector is presented, using a data sample corresponding to $138\,\text{fb}^{-1}$, collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC, at a center-of-mass energy of $13\,\text{TeV}$. The hidden sector is hypothesized to couple to the standard model (SM) via a heavy leptophobic $\text{Z}^{\prime}$ mediator, which would be produced as a resonance in proton-proton collisions. The mediator decay results in two "semivisible" jets, containing both visible matter and invisible dark matter. The final state therefore includes moderate missing energy aligned with one of the jets, a signature ignored by most dark matter searches. The observed dijet transverse mass spectra are smoothly falling, as expected from the SM; no structure compatible with the signal is observed. Assuming the $\text{Z}^{\prime}$ and SM Z bosons have the same couplings to the SM quarks, an inclusive search, relevant to any model that exhibits this kinematic behavior, excludes mediator masses of 1.5--$4.0\,\text{TeV}$ at 95% confidence level, depending on the other signal model parameters. To enhance the sensitivity of the search for this particular class of hidden sector models, a boosted decision tree (BDT) is trained using jet substructure variables to distinguish between semivisible jets and SM jets from background processes. When the BDT is employed to identify each jet in the dijet system as semivisible, the mediator mass exclusion increases to $5.1\,\text{TeV}$, for wider ranges of the other signal model parameters.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t1
title: "Figure 2 (left)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Differential cross section distribution as a function of Z transverse momentum for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t2
title: "Figure 2 (right)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Normalized differential cross section distribution as a function of Z transverse momentum for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t3
title: "Figure 3 (left)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Differential cross section distribution as a function of the leading b jet transverse momentum for the Z +&gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t4
title: "Figure 3 (right)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Normalized differential cross section distribution as a function of the leading b jet transverse momentum for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t6
title: "Figure 4 (right)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Normalized differential cross section distribution as a function of the leading b jet absolute pseudorapidity for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t7
title: "Figure 5 (left)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Differential cross section distribution as a function of the leading b jet transverse momentum for Z +&gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t8
title: "Figure 5 (right)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Normalized differential cross section distribution as a function of azimuthal difference between Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.25549/vercoutere-ouc110611202
title: Movie theater scene with 2 nude woman, 1 nude man, and 1 clad women

description: Two nude females (one from head to neck in red and orange sitting; one dark gray outlined in black standing) side view of one nude male from head to ankles standing, with backview of one female from feet to neck wearing a black dress and heels standing in front of other humans; scene also includes a movie theater with people seated and looking at a screen showing a male head and chest in blue with red and white details against a dark blue background. See description of 001 for OT notes.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17527094
title: Dataset del del Festival de Cannes (1946-2025)

description: Este conjunto de datos recopila un inventario histórico completo de las películas presentadas en el Festival de Cannes, abarcando el período desde su primera edición en 1946 hasta la actualidad (2025).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17527095
title: Dataset del del Festival de Cannes (1946-2025)

description: Este conjunto de datos recopila un inventario histórico completo de las películas presentadas en el Festival de Cannes, abarcando el período desde su primera edición en 1946 hasta la actualidad (2025).
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t10
title: "Figure 6 (right)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Normalized differential cross section distribution as a function of the rapidity difference between Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t11
title: "Figure 7 (left)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Differential cross section distribution as a function of the angular separation between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t12
title: "Figure 7 (right)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Normalized differential cross section distribution as a function of the angular separation between the Z boson and the leading b jet for the Z + &gt;= 1 b jet events
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.115490.v1/t15
title: "Figure 9 (left)" of "Measurement of the production cross section for Z + b jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"

description: Differential cross section distribution as a function of the leading b jet absolute pseudorapidity
description: The measurements of the cross section of the \PZ boson, decaying to dielectrons or dimuons, in association with at least one bottom quark jet are performed with proton-proton collision data at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13\TeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 137.1\fbinv, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The integrated cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace are reported for the electron, muon, and combined channels with full Run 2 data. The measured integrated cross sections are 6.52 $\pm$ 0.04 (stat) $\pm$ 0.40 (syst) $\pm$ 0.14 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace and 0.65 $\pm$ 0.03 (stat) $\pm$ 0.07 (syst) $\pm$ 0.02 (theo) pb for \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace. The differential cross section distributions are measured as a function of various kinematic observables that are useful for precision tests of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics predictions. The ratios of integrated and differential cross sections of \PZ~$+\geq$~2~\cPqb~jets\xspace and \PZ~$+\geq$~1~\cPqb~jet\xspace processes are also determined. The value of the integrated cross section ratio measured in the combined channel is 0.100 $\pm$ 0.005 (stat) $\pm$ 0.007 (syst) $\pm$ 0.003 (theo). All of the measurements are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations.