cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963236
title: Age-group estimation in free-ranging African elephants based on acoustic cues of low-frequency rumbles

description: Animal vocal signals are increasingly used to monitor wildlife populations and to obtain estimates of species occurrence and abundance. In future, acoustic monitoring should function not only to detect animals, but also to extract detailed information about populations by discriminating sexes, age groups, social or kin groups, and potentially individuals. Here we show that it is possible to estimate age groups of African elephants (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) based on acoustic parameters extracted from rumbles recorded under field conditions in a National Park in South Africa. Statistical models reached up to 70% correct classification to four age groups (infants, calves, juveniles and adults) and 95% correct classification when categorizing into two groups (infants/calves lumped into one group vs. adults). The models revealed that parameters representing absolute frequency values have the most discriminative power. Comparable classification results were obtained by fully automated classification of rumbles by high-dimensional features that represent the entire spectral envelope, such as Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (75% correct classification) and Greenwood function cepstral coefficient (74% correct classification). The reported results and methods provide the scientific foundation for a future system that could potentially automatically estimate the demography of an acoustically monitored elephant group or population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963236.v1
title: Age-group estimation in free-ranging African elephants based on acoustic cues of low-frequency rumbles

description: Animal vocal signals are increasingly used to monitor wildlife populations and to obtain estimates of species occurrence and abundance. In future, acoustic monitoring should function not only to detect animals, but also to extract detailed information about populations by discriminating sexes, age groups, social or kin groups, and potentially individuals. Here we show that it is possible to estimate age groups of African elephants (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) based on acoustic parameters extracted from rumbles recorded under field conditions in a National Park in South Africa. Statistical models reached up to 70% correct classification to four age groups (infants, calves, juveniles and adults) and 95% correct classification when categorizing into two groups (infants/calves lumped into one group vs. adults). The models revealed that parameters representing absolute frequency values have the most discriminative power. Comparable classification results were obtained by fully automated classification of rumbles by high-dimensional features that represent the entire spectral envelope, such as Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (75% correct classification) and Greenwood function cepstral coefficient (74% correct classification). The reported results and methods provide the scientific foundation for a future system that could potentially automatically estimate the demography of an acoustically monitored elephant group or population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963236.v2
title: Age-group estimation in free-ranging African elephants based on acoustic cues of low-frequency rumbles

description: Animal vocal signals are increasingly used to monitor wildlife populations and to obtain estimates of species occurrence and abundance. In future, acoustic monitoring should function not only to detect animals, but also to extract detailed information about populations by discriminating sexes, age groups, social or kin groups, and potentially individuals. Here we show that it is possible to estimate age groups of African elephants (<i>Loxodonta africana</i>) based on acoustic parameters extracted from rumbles recorded under field conditions in a National Park in South Africa. Statistical models reached up to 70% correct classification to four age groups (infants, calves, juveniles and adults) and 95% correct classification when categorizing into two groups (infants/calves lumped into one group vs. adults). The models revealed that parameters representing absolute frequency values have the most discriminative power. Comparable classification results were obtained by fully automated classification of rumbles by high-dimensional features that represent the entire spectral envelope, such as Mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (75% correct classification) and Greenwood function cepstral coefficient (74% correct classification). The reported results and methods provide the scientific foundation for a future system that could potentially automatically estimate the demography of an acoustically monitored elephant group or population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963212
title: Computational modelling and analysis of mechanical conditions on cell locomotion and cell–cell interaction

description: Between other parameters, cell migration is partially guided by the mechanical properties of its substrate. Although many experimental works have been developed to understand the effect of substrate mechanical properties on cell migration, accurate 3D cell locomotion models have not been presented yet. In this paper, we present a novel 3D model for cells migration. In the presented model, we assume that a cell follows two main processes: in the first process, it senses its interface with the substrate to determine the migration direction and in the second process, it exerts subsequent forces to move. In the presented model, cell traction forces are considered to depend on cell internal deformation during the sensing step. A random protrusion force is also considered which may change cell migration direction and/or speed. The presented model was applied for many cases of migration of the cells. The obtained results show high agreement with the available experimental and numerical data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963212.v1
title: Computational modelling and analysis of mechanical conditions on cell locomotion and cell–cell interaction

description: Between other parameters, cell migration is partially guided by the mechanical properties of its substrate. Although many experimental works have been developed to understand the effect of substrate mechanical properties on cell migration, accurate 3D cell locomotion models have not been presented yet. In this paper, we present a novel 3D model for cells migration. In the presented model, we assume that a cell follows two main processes: in the first process, it senses its interface with the substrate to determine the migration direction and in the second process, it exerts subsequent forces to move. In the presented model, cell traction forces are considered to depend on cell internal deformation during the sensing step. A random protrusion force is also considered which may change cell migration direction and/or speed. The presented model was applied for many cases of migration of the cells. The obtained results show high agreement with the available experimental and numerical data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963210
title: Stature estimation from partial measurements and maximum length of lower limb bones in Koreans

description: The aim of this study was to develop regression equations for stature estimation using the lower limb bone in Korean individuals. A total of 105 samples (55 men and 50 women) obtained from cadavers were used for developing equations. Bones with obvious pathologies or healed fractures were excluded. The coefficient of determination (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>) of the variables was generally higher in men than in women. Femur length (MLF) in men and the distance from most the proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the midpoint of the lesser trochanter (IFLM) in women, were found to have the highest <i>r</i><sup>2</sup> value. Moreover, the regression equation using a stepwise analysis in a sample of combined sex using partial segments was based on IFGP (distance from the most proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the most proximal point of the greater trochanter) and EBF (epicondylar breadth of the femur) (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>=0.760). This method can be used to estimate stature when unidentified human bones are found at excavation sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963209
title: Australian population data for the twenty Promega PowerPlex 21 short tandem repeat loci

description: This paper describes the analysis of population data typed using the Promega PowerPlex 21 multiplex for the three major sub populations within Australia. Samples from 1427 declared Australian Aboriginal, 546 Pure Aboriginals from the Northern Territory, 990 Asian, and 1707 Caucasian individuals representing were analysed. Departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage equilibrium (LE) were assessed using exact tests. The Aboriginal populations were shown to display significant departures from equilibrium. All four subpopulation databases are of suitable size for the purpose of estimating allele frequencies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963210.v1
title: Stature estimation from partial measurements and maximum length of lower limb bones in Koreans

description: The aim of this study was to develop regression equations for stature estimation using the lower limb bone in Korean individuals. A total of 105 samples (55 men and 50 women) obtained from cadavers were used for developing equations. Bones with obvious pathologies or healed fractures were excluded. The coefficient of determination (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>) of the variables was generally higher in men than in women. Femur length (MLF) in men and the distance from most the proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the midpoint of the lesser trochanter (IFLM) in women, were found to have the highest <i>r</i><sup>2</sup> value. Moreover, the regression equation using a stepwise analysis in a sample of combined sex using partial segments was based on IFGP (distance from the most proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the most proximal point of the greater trochanter) and EBF (epicondylar breadth of the femur) (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>=0.760). This method can be used to estimate stature when unidentified human bones are found at excavation sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963205
title: In the footsteps of the bone collectors: nineteenth-century cave exploration on Rodrigues Island, Indian Ocean

description: For all of the nineteenth-century bone collectors working on Rodrigues, their main objective was to search the caves for specimens of the Solitaire <i>Pezophaps solitaria</i>, the sister taxon of the Dodo <i>Raphus cucullatus</i> of neighbouring Mauritius. Rodrigues Island has an extensive calcarenite plain in the southwest of the island, which contains numerous caves. A number of expeditions explored the area and excavated the caves, especially during the 1860s and 1870s, resulting in the discovery of thousands of subfossil bones. Some details of these activities were published, and some of the expedition explorers left manuscript reports, all of which provide clues as to where they were excavating. Here, we present the results of a modern attempt to reconstruct the movements of these expeditions and to discover which of the numerous caves were visited and excavated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963206
title: Gorstian palaeoposition and geotectonic setting of Suchomasty Volcanic Centre (Silurian, Prague Basin, Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif)

description: A multidisciplinary palaeomagnetic, whole-rock geochemical and volcanological study was carried out in Gorstian deposits of the Suchomasty Volcanic Centre in the western segment of the Prague Basin (Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif). Phreato-Strombolian eruptions of alkali basalts, transitional between enriched mid-ocean rift basalt and ocean-island basalt, associated with effusions of lava flows within the lower–middle <i>Scanicus chimaera</i> graptolite Biozone at the Vinařice locality, yield a mean palaeomagnetic direction that allows for computation of a palaeolatitude of 24.4°S. Present data support that the Prague Basin was a continental rift basin, situated on presumed Perunica microplate. The Perunica microplate drifted at southern subtropical palaeolatitudes of 24.4° in Gorstian time and experienced either 170° counter-clockwise or 190° clockwise rotation during the Variscan Orogeny.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963210.v3
title: Stature estimation from partial measurements and maximum length of lower limb bones in Koreans

description: The aim of this study was to develop regression equations for stature estimation using the lower limb bone in Korean individuals. A total of 105 samples (55 men and 50 women) obtained from cadavers were used for developing equations. Bones with obvious pathologies or healed fractures were excluded. The coefficient of determination (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>) of the variables was generally higher in men than in women. Femur length (MLF) in men and the distance from most the proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the midpoint of the lesser trochanter (IFLM) in women, were found to have the highest <i>r</i><sup>2</sup> value. Moreover, the regression equation using a stepwise analysis in a sample of combined sex using partial segments was based on IFGP (distance from the most proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the most proximal point of the greater trochanter) and EBF (epicondylar breadth of the femur) (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>=0.760). This method can be used to estimate stature when unidentified human bones are found at excavation sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963209.v1
title: Australian population data for the twenty Promega PowerPlex 21 short tandem repeat loci

description: This paper describes the analysis of population data typed using the Promega PowerPlex 21 multiplex for the three major sub populations within Australia. Samples from 1427 declared Australian Aboriginal, 546 Pure Aboriginals from the Northern Territory, 990 Asian, and 1707 Caucasian individuals representing were analysed. Departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage equilibrium (LE) were assessed using exact tests. The Aboriginal populations were shown to display significant departures from equilibrium. All four subpopulation databases are of suitable size for the purpose of estimating allele frequencies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963210.v2
title: Stature estimation from partial measurements and maximum length of lower limb bones in Koreans

description: The aim of this study was to develop regression equations for stature estimation using the lower limb bone in Korean individuals. A total of 105 samples (55 men and 50 women) obtained from cadavers were used for developing equations. Bones with obvious pathologies or healed fractures were excluded. The coefficient of determination (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>) of the variables was generally higher in men than in women. Femur length (MLF) in men and the distance from most the proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the midpoint of the lesser trochanter (IFLM) in women, were found to have the highest <i>r</i><sup>2</sup> value. Moreover, the regression equation using a stepwise analysis in a sample of combined sex using partial segments was based on IFGP (distance from the most proximal point of the intercondylar fossa to the most proximal point of the greater trochanter) and EBF (epicondylar breadth of the femur) (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup>=0.760). This method can be used to estimate stature when unidentified human bones are found at excavation sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963203
title: Two new species of Ginkgoales from the Middle Jurassic of Mexico

description: This paper reports two new species of Ginkgoales collected from the Cañada Alejandro and Río Ñumi (Zorrillo and Zorrillo–Taberna Undifferentiated Formations, Middle Jurassic). Thirty-one fossils were selected and compared with 14 species from different localities. A numerical taxonomy analysis was performed through a data matrix formed by 15 characters. Results indicate an important speciation process of the Ginkgoales during the Jurassic in the southeast of Mexico. New evidence suggests the existence of eight species from the <i>Ginkgoidium</i> Yokoyama, 1889 and <i>Sphenobaiera</i> (Florin) Harris and Millington, 1974 genera and two new species <i>Ginkgoidium</i><i>nundichii</i> Velasco-de León, Lozano-Carmona, Flores, Martínez and Silva and <i>Sphenobaiera</i><i>mixteca</i> Velasco-de León, Lozano-Carmona, Flores, Martínez and Silva
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963205.v2
title: In the footsteps of the bone collectors: nineteenth-century cave exploration on Rodrigues Island, Indian Ocean

description: For all of the nineteenth-century bone collectors working on Rodrigues, their main objective was to search the caves for specimens of the Solitaire <i>Pezophaps solitaria</i>, the sister taxon of the Dodo <i>Raphus cucullatus</i> of neighbouring Mauritius. Rodrigues Island has an extensive calcarenite plain in the southwest of the island, which contains numerous caves. A number of expeditions explored the area and excavated the caves, especially during the 1860s and 1870s, resulting in the discovery of thousands of subfossil bones. Some details of these activities were published, and some of the expedition explorers left manuscript reports, all of which provide clues as to where they were excavating. Here, we present the results of a modern attempt to reconstruct the movements of these expeditions and to discover which of the numerous caves were visited and excavated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963209.v3
title: Australian population data for the twenty Promega PowerPlex 21 short tandem repeat loci

description: This paper describes the analysis of population data typed using the Promega PowerPlex 21 multiplex for the three major sub populations within Australia. Samples from 1427 declared Australian Aboriginal, 546 Pure Aboriginals from the Northern Territory, 990 Asian, and 1707 Caucasian individuals representing were analysed. Departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage equilibrium (LE) were assessed using exact tests. The Aboriginal populations were shown to display significant departures from equilibrium. All four subpopulation databases are of suitable size for the purpose of estimating allele frequencies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963203.v1
title: Two new species of Ginkgoales from the Middle Jurassic of Mexico

description: This paper reports two new species of Ginkgoales collected from the Cañada Alejandro and Río Ñumi (Zorrillo and Zorrillo–Taberna Undifferentiated Formations, Middle Jurassic). Thirty-one fossils were selected and compared with 14 species from different localities. A numerical taxonomy analysis was performed through a data matrix formed by 15 characters. Results indicate an important speciation process of the Ginkgoales during the Jurassic in the southeast of Mexico. New evidence suggests the existence of eight species from the <i>Ginkgoidium</i> Yokoyama, 1889 and <i>Sphenobaiera</i> (Florin) Harris and Millington, 1974 genera and two new species <i>Ginkgoidium</i><i>nundichii</i> Velasco-de León, Lozano-Carmona, Flores, Martínez and Silva and <i>Sphenobaiera</i><i>mixteca</i> Velasco-de León, Lozano-Carmona, Flores, Martínez and Silva
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963205.v1
title: In the footsteps of the bone collectors: nineteenth-century cave exploration on Rodrigues Island, Indian Ocean

description: For all of the nineteenth-century bone collectors working on Rodrigues, their main objective was to search the caves for specimens of the Solitaire <i>Pezophaps solitaria</i>, the sister taxon of the Dodo <i>Raphus cucullatus</i> of neighbouring Mauritius. Rodrigues Island has an extensive calcarenite plain in the southwest of the island, which contains numerous caves. A number of expeditions explored the area and excavated the caves, especially during the 1860s and 1870s, resulting in the discovery of thousands of subfossil bones. Some details of these activities were published, and some of the expedition explorers left manuscript reports, all of which provide clues as to where they were excavating. Here, we present the results of a modern attempt to reconstruct the movements of these expeditions and to discover which of the numerous caves were visited and excavated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963206.v1
title: Gorstian palaeoposition and geotectonic setting of Suchomasty Volcanic Centre (Silurian, Prague Basin, Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif)

description: A multidisciplinary palaeomagnetic, whole-rock geochemical and volcanological study was carried out in Gorstian deposits of the Suchomasty Volcanic Centre in the western segment of the Prague Basin (Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif). Phreato-Strombolian eruptions of alkali basalts, transitional between enriched mid-ocean rift basalt and ocean-island basalt, associated with effusions of lava flows within the lower–middle <i>Scanicus chimaera</i> graptolite Biozone at the Vinařice locality, yield a mean palaeomagnetic direction that allows for computation of a palaeolatitude of 24.4°S. Present data support that the Prague Basin was a continental rift basin, situated on presumed Perunica microplate. The Perunica microplate drifted at southern subtropical palaeolatitudes of 24.4° in Gorstian time and experienced either 170° counter-clockwise or 190° clockwise rotation during the Variscan Orogeny.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963209.v2
title: Australian population data for the twenty Promega PowerPlex 21 short tandem repeat loci

description: This paper describes the analysis of population data typed using the Promega PowerPlex 21 multiplex for the three major sub populations within Australia. Samples from 1427 declared Australian Aboriginal, 546 Pure Aboriginals from the Northern Territory, 990 Asian, and 1707 Caucasian individuals representing were analysed. Departures from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage equilibrium (LE) were assessed using exact tests. The Aboriginal populations were shown to display significant departures from equilibrium. All four subpopulation databases are of suitable size for the purpose of estimating allele frequencies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.963206.v2
title: Gorstian palaeoposition and geotectonic setting of Suchomasty Volcanic Centre (Silurian, Prague Basin, Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif)

description: A multidisciplinary palaeomagnetic, whole-rock geochemical and volcanological study was carried out in Gorstian deposits of the Suchomasty Volcanic Centre in the western segment of the Prague Basin (Teplá-Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif). Phreato-Strombolian eruptions of alkali basalts, transitional between enriched mid-ocean rift basalt and ocean-island basalt, associated with effusions of lava flows within the lower–middle <i>Scanicus chimaera</i> graptolite Biozone at the Vinařice locality, yield a mean palaeomagnetic direction that allows for computation of a palaeolatitude of 24.4°S. Present data support that the Prague Basin was a continental rift basin, situated on presumed Perunica microplate. The Perunica microplate drifted at southern subtropical palaeolatitudes of 24.4° in Gorstian time and experienced either 170° counter-clockwise or 190° clockwise rotation during the Variscan Orogeny.