DOI: 10.17863/cam.58694
title: Supplementary videos for Biological adhesion in wet environments: adaptations and mechanisms

description: Supplementary videos for PhD thesis titled Biological adhesion in wet environments: adaptations and mechanisms. The zipped folder is structured as described below. Chapter 2: supplementary videos 1 to 6. Please see main text for more details. Supplementary Video 1. Video of Liponeura cinerascens larva crawling on a rock in a torrential alpine river. Supplementary Video 2. Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) video recording of a live Liponeura cordata larva attaching to a surface. Scale bar 15 μm. Supplementary Video 3. Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) video recording of a live Liponeura cinerascens larva. A suction disc is in contact with the surface and pulsing of the suction disc microstructures are visible. Scale bar 20 μm. Supplementary Video 4. Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) video recording of a live Liponeura cinerascens larva attaching to a surface. When the piston is raised, the pressure inside the suction disc is lowered, and a larger portion of the disc is brought into contact. Scale bar 50 μm. Supplementary Video 5. Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) video recording of a live Liponeura cinerascens larva. The V-notch is opened from its flanks as a detachment mechanism for the suction organ. Scale bar 50 μm. Supplementary Video 6. Interference reflection microscopy (IRM) video recording of a live Liponeura cinerascens larva. The V-notch valves contract and get closer to the surface when the piston contracts and lowers the suction organ pressure. When the piston is relaxed, flickering of the valves indicate water flow. Scale bar 30 μm. Chapter 3: supplementary videos 1 & 2. Please see main text for more details. Supplementary Video 1. Opening of the V-notch is shown using in vivo interference reflection microscopy of a Hapalothrix lugubris larva. The larva was filmed in a custom-built flow- chamber. Note: video is slowed down 15x. Supplementary Video 2. The V-notch opens when the larva detaches and re-attaches its suction organ. Note: video is slowed down 10x. Chapter 4: supplementary videos 1 & 2. Please see main text for more details. Supplementary Video 1. When a P. vulgata limpet is detached then returned to a surface, it leaves behind a gel-like adhesive mucus (BPAM) that is resistant to degradation in saltwater. Supplementary Video 2. Despite a clear disruption of the contact area, the limpet remained strongly attached. Chapter 5: supplementary videos 1 to 4. Please see main text for more details. Supplementary Video 1. Example video of an ant retention trial. Once an ant falls onto water, it fails to break the meniscus and floats, where it tries to walk on the water surface. In pitcher fluid, however, an ant readily breaks through the meniscus and sometimes sinks below the surface. Supplementary Video 2. IRM video recording of water being withdrawn from a glass surface using a microcapillary tube. Supplementary Video 3. IRM video recording of pitcher fluid being withdrawn from a glass surface using a microcapillary tube. Supplementary Video 4. Video recording of water evaporating and dewetting from the cuticular surface of an ant gaster. Note that the cuticle is clean and free of residues, in contrast to Supplementary Figure 2.