cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277620.v1
title: Generalized anxiety disorder among university-entrance preparation course students

description: ABSTRACT Objective To measure prevalence of symptomatology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among students from a university-entrance preparation course in southern Brazil and its association with social, demographic, academic and psychological factors. Methods This study had a cross-sectional design and participants were students aged 18 years or older from a private university-entrance preparation course in southern Brazil. A self-administered questionnaire that assessed social, demographic, and academic variables, as well as test-related anxiety and perceived stress was administered. The outcome analyzed was the symptomatology of GAD through the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) instrument. Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance was used in multivariate analysis. Results 137 students participated (90.7% response rate) and the prevalence of GAD symptomatology was 41.4%. After adjusted analysis, being female, having studied in a private school, having higher perceived stress and test anxiety scores remained as risk factors. Being 19 years old was a protective factor. Conclusions Anxiety regarding the test was the factor most strongly associated with symptomatology of GAD, which suggests that the emotions and concerns specific to the context of evaluations may predispose the individual to a higher risk of developing this disorder. Based on these results, we suggest the inclusion of mental health professionals in the context of university-entrance preparation courses, as well as interventions aiming the development of a healthy relationship between the student and their academic demands.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277621.v1
title: Eating behavior in obesity and its correlation with nutritional treatment

description: ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the types of eating behavior in individuals with obesity and correlated with adherence to the adopted treatment. Methods Cross-sectional study developed at the institution of cardiology in individuals with obesity. The types of eating behavior were analyzed using the scale The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire – R21 (TFEQ-21) – translated and adapted for Brazilians. Three subscales are addressed: cognitive restriction (CR), emotional eating (EE), and uncontrolled eating (UE). Adherence to nutritional treatment was verified by the instrument developed by the institution, based on the main guidelines for chronic diseases. Results We analyzed 100 individuals, with a higher prevalence of females (68%). Regarding adherence, only 25% have good adherence (score &gt; 60%). It was possible to identify the relationship between the BMI and the CR, the higher or lower the BMI was the intensity of the CR (p = 0.02) There was a positive correlation between CR and adherence to fat (p = 0.02) and dietary fiber (p = 0.004). The EE subscale showed a negative correlation with adherence to fat consumption (p = 0.03) and a positive correlation with UE (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions The most frequent type of eating behavior in the sample was cognitive restriction and was not correlated with the total adherence score. AE was associated with greater consumption of fats, like national and international studies. There is a gap in studies that relate to eating behavior with adherence to nutritional treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277609.v1
title: Suicide and associated factors across life span

description: ABSTRACT Objective To assess the epidemiological and toxicological profile of all suicide victims in 2017 in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods The victims were classified by gender, age, parental absence, city, suicide form, death context, and toxicological results, using the police occurrences and the reports issued by the Instituto-Geral de Perícias do RS. Multiple correspondence analysis and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel X 2 test were used to evaluate associations between the parameters studied. Results There were 1,284 suicides (11.3 cases/100,000 inhabitants) in RS in 2017, 80% of which were men and 46% were young and old. Porto Alegre had the highest number of victims and the region of the Vale do Rio Pardo, the highest rate (20.8 cases/100,000 inhabitants). The hanging was the most used medium and the depression, the most mentioned context in the occurrences. The presence of ethanol was observed in 30% of the samples analyzed, with an adult male profile associated with the presence of other psychotropic substances, whose class was most frequently detected with anxiolytics. The nitrite was the most detected poison among the samples sent for this purpose. There was an association between parental absence and young people, between suicidal intoxication method and women and among young people and the presence of illicit compounds. Conclusion Mortality due to suicide continues to increase in RS, which, historically, has the highest Brazilian index. The information obtained in this study supports new research, promoting awareness raising, guidance to health services and the elaboration of more preventive public policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277615.v1
title: Molecular regulation of circadian rhythm and psychiatric disorders: a systematic review

description: ABSTRACT Objective The article aims to investigate the clock genes that are most associated with psychiatric disorders, the functions, and locations of these genes, as well as to investigate the main disorder, method and model in the analyzes. The paper seeks to summarize the findings and discuss the impact of this research on scientific knowledge. Methods This review used a systematic methodology (Prospero; ID 152031) and followed the PRISMA guidelines. The studies were searched in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases and the terms of the Medical Subject Headings Terms were used. Quantitative studies with conclusive results regarding the association of psychiatric disorders with the molecular regulation of circadian rhythm were selected. The useful information was extracted and used for the elaboration of graphs and tables. Results We included 24 articles in our study. Bipolar disorder was the most commonly addressed psychiatric disorder (40% of studies); The participants’ Polish nationality also stood out in 39% of the works. Additionally, the PER gene was the most studied (25%) and the cerebral cortex was the main region in which the evaluated clock genes express themselves (34%). Finally, common PCR was the most used method (38%) and serotonin metabolism was the main function performed by gene products (16%). Conclusions Taken together, the results suggest that bipolar disorder is the most prevalent psychiatric disorder among research related to circadian genes, expressed mainly in the cerebral cortex of humans, especially the PER gene.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277618.v1
title: Under pressure: non-medical use of prescription drugs among undergraduate students

description: ABSTRACT Objective To measure lifetime, last-year and last-month prevalence of Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs (NMUPD) as well as the characteristics associated to last-month NMUPD among undergraduate students of a university in southern Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample that was selected through a clustered systematic sampling strategy. Multivariate analysis was conducted with Poisson regression according to a four-level hierarchical model of analysis. Fieldwork was conducted in 2015, and 1,423 students participated. Results Lifetime, last-year and last-month prevalence of NMUPD were 25.2%, 13.1% and 8.5%, respectively. Anxiolytics and barbiturates were the most prevalent. Variables independently associated were being female, having a family income lower than one or higher than six Brazilian minimum wages, being enrolled in a health sciences-related undergraduate course, and having reported lifetime NMUPD by a friend. Conclusions Based on these results, we suggest the development of prevention and promotion activities on this theme for students and professors, especially among those from health sciences-related courses. These interventions should focus on harmful effects of NMUPD, psychosocial coping strategies and socially established gender roles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277621
title: Eating behavior in obesity and its correlation with nutritional treatment

description: ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the types of eating behavior in individuals with obesity and correlated with adherence to the adopted treatment. Methods Cross-sectional study developed at the institution of cardiology in individuals with obesity. The types of eating behavior were analyzed using the scale The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire – R21 (TFEQ-21) – translated and adapted for Brazilians. Three subscales are addressed: cognitive restriction (CR), emotional eating (EE), and uncontrolled eating (UE). Adherence to nutritional treatment was verified by the instrument developed by the institution, based on the main guidelines for chronic diseases. Results We analyzed 100 individuals, with a higher prevalence of females (68%). Regarding adherence, only 25% have good adherence (score &gt; 60%). It was possible to identify the relationship between the BMI and the CR, the higher or lower the BMI was the intensity of the CR (p = 0.02) There was a positive correlation between CR and adherence to fat (p = 0.02) and dietary fiber (p = 0.004). The EE subscale showed a negative correlation with adherence to fat consumption (p = 0.03) and a positive correlation with UE (p &lt; 0.01). Conclusions The most frequent type of eating behavior in the sample was cognitive restriction and was not correlated with the total adherence score. AE was associated with greater consumption of fats, like national and international studies. There is a gap in studies that relate to eating behavior with adherence to nutritional treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277618
title: Under pressure: non-medical use of prescription drugs among undergraduate students

description: ABSTRACT Objective To measure lifetime, last-year and last-month prevalence of Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs (NMUPD) as well as the characteristics associated to last-month NMUPD among undergraduate students of a university in southern Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, with a sample that was selected through a clustered systematic sampling strategy. Multivariate analysis was conducted with Poisson regression according to a four-level hierarchical model of analysis. Fieldwork was conducted in 2015, and 1,423 students participated. Results Lifetime, last-year and last-month prevalence of NMUPD were 25.2%, 13.1% and 8.5%, respectively. Anxiolytics and barbiturates were the most prevalent. Variables independently associated were being female, having a family income lower than one or higher than six Brazilian minimum wages, being enrolled in a health sciences-related undergraduate course, and having reported lifetime NMUPD by a friend. Conclusions Based on these results, we suggest the development of prevention and promotion activities on this theme for students and professors, especially among those from health sciences-related courses. These interventions should focus on harmful effects of NMUPD, psychosocial coping strategies and socially established gender roles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277622
title: Accuracy of the semantic fluency test to separate healthy old people from patients with Alzheimer’s disease in a low education population

description: ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the accuracy of two semantic categories of the verbal fluency test (supermarket and animal categories) to separate healthy elderly individuals and lower educated Alzheimer’s disease patients. Methods We evaluated 69 older adults with less than 5 years of schooling, consisting of 31 healthy elderly, and 38 patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. Semantic verbal fluency was evaluated using the animal and supermarket categories. Mann-Whitney U and Independent t Tests were used to compare the two groups, and the diagnostic accuracy of the tests was analyzed by sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio’s, and the Area Under the Curve (AUC). Results We found a significant difference between the healthy older and Alzheimer’s disease groups, in both, animal (p = 0.014) and supermarket verbal fluency (p &lt; 0.001). The supermarket category showed better overall diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.840, 95% CI = 0.746-0.933; p &lt; 0.001) compared to the animal category (AUC = 0.671, 95% CI = 0.543-0.800; p = 0.014). Conclusion The supermarket category of semantic verbal fluency provides better accuracy than the animal category for the identification of dementia in a Brazilian elderly population with low educational level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277624
title: Cell phone use before bedtime: a risk factor for excessive sleepiness in adolescents from military schools

description: ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and associated factors in adolescents attending military schools. Methods 466 high school students (15-17 years old) of both sexes (230 men) participated. Participants were interviewed about sociodemographic characteristics and sleep duration (week and weekend), adopting values &lt; 8 hours of sleep as insufficient sleep time. EDS was assessed with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale; where students with scores ≥ 10 had EDS. Results The overall prevalence of EDS was 34.1%. The mean for sleep hours was 6.9 h (±1,85) on weekdays and 8.5 h (±1.96) on weekends. It was identified that 60% of the adolescents presented short weekly sleep duration (p = 0.05). In the final regression model, higher EDS risks were observed in those subjects that had a short sleep duration (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.04-2.31) and those that used the cell phone before bedtime (OR: 4.30; 95% CI: 2.00-9.23). Conclusion EDS was strongly associated with cell phone use before bedtime. Other associated factors are insufficient sleep and studying full-time. Educational, administrative and health measures are needed to improve sleep in adolescents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277624.v1
title: Cell phone use before bedtime: a risk factor for excessive sleepiness in adolescents from military schools

description: ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and associated factors in adolescents attending military schools. Methods 466 high school students (15-17 years old) of both sexes (230 men) participated. Participants were interviewed about sociodemographic characteristics and sleep duration (week and weekend), adopting values &lt; 8 hours of sleep as insufficient sleep time. EDS was assessed with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale; where students with scores ≥ 10 had EDS. Results The overall prevalence of EDS was 34.1%. The mean for sleep hours was 6.9 h (±1,85) on weekdays and 8.5 h (±1.96) on weekends. It was identified that 60% of the adolescents presented short weekly sleep duration (p = 0.05). In the final regression model, higher EDS risks were observed in those subjects that had a short sleep duration (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.04-2.31) and those that used the cell phone before bedtime (OR: 4.30; 95% CI: 2.00-9.23). Conclusion EDS was strongly associated with cell phone use before bedtime. Other associated factors are insufficient sleep and studying full-time. Educational, administrative and health measures are needed to improve sleep in adolescents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277627
title: Floor Maze Test as a predictor of cognitive decline in older adults living in nursing homes

description: ABSTRACT Objective Long-term care facilities (LTCF) are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and impairment in spatial navigation abilities. Recent studies have demonstrated that spatial navigation as a complex skill, involving cognitive and motor functions, emerging as a new marker for the progression of dementia. The present study aims to compare spatial navigation in healthy, institutionalized, and AD elderly subjects. Methods In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated 78 elderly individuals (healthy = 37, AD = 22, institutionalized = 19) using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Floor Maze Test (FMT) and 8-foot-up-and-gotest (8UG) to assess global cognitive function, spatial navigation and motor function, respectively. Results In the FMT, the immediate maze time (IMT) and delay maze time (DMT) were significantly shorter in the healthy group than those of the institutionalized and AD groups ( X 2 = 31.23; p &lt; 0.01) and ( X 2 = 41.21; p &lt; 0.01), while there were no significant differences between the AD and institutionalized groups in terms of the DMT and MMSE results. However, the institutionalized group showed worse results in terms of IMT (p &lt; 0.01) and 8UG (p &lt; 0.01) than those in the dementia group. Conclusion Our results indicate that both institutionalized older people and patients with Dementia have a deficit in the spatial navigation ability, cognitive functions and motor skills. We should consider that there might be a possibility of underdiagnosis in institutionalized older people.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277627.v1
title: Floor Maze Test as a predictor of cognitive decline in older adults living in nursing homes

description: ABSTRACT Objective Long-term care facilities (LTCF) are associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and impairment in spatial navigation abilities. Recent studies have demonstrated that spatial navigation as a complex skill, involving cognitive and motor functions, emerging as a new marker for the progression of dementia. The present study aims to compare spatial navigation in healthy, institutionalized, and AD elderly subjects. Methods In a cross-sectional study, we evaluated 78 elderly individuals (healthy = 37, AD = 22, institutionalized = 19) using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Floor Maze Test (FMT) and 8-foot-up-and-gotest (8UG) to assess global cognitive function, spatial navigation and motor function, respectively. Results In the FMT, the immediate maze time (IMT) and delay maze time (DMT) were significantly shorter in the healthy group than those of the institutionalized and AD groups ( X 2 = 31.23; p &lt; 0.01) and ( X 2 = 41.21; p &lt; 0.01), while there were no significant differences between the AD and institutionalized groups in terms of the DMT and MMSE results. However, the institutionalized group showed worse results in terms of IMT (p &lt; 0.01) and 8UG (p &lt; 0.01) than those in the dementia group. Conclusion Our results indicate that both institutionalized older people and patients with Dementia have a deficit in the spatial navigation ability, cognitive functions and motor skills. We should consider that there might be a possibility of underdiagnosis in institutionalized older people.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277630
title: Association of body image dissatisfaction with body mass index trajectory: the Adolescent Nutritional Assessment Longitudinal Study cohort

description: ABSTRACT Objective To examine the association of body image dissatisfaction (BID) with body mass index (BMI) trajectory among students from a metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro. Methods Data were analyzed for 809 middle school students followed from 2010 to 2013, and 1131 high school students followed from 2010 to 2012. BID was assessed using a body silhouettes scale. Type of school (public and private) was used as a proxy of socioeconomic status. Results In the middle school cohort, girls from private schools who wanted to have smaller and bigger silhouettes gained fewer BMI units than those who were satisfied with their body image ( p &lt; 0.05). In the high school, girls from private schools who wished to have bigger and smaller silhouettes experienced greater BMI increase than girls who were satisfied with their body image ( p &lt; 0.05). Also, in the high school cohort, boys from public schools who wished to have smaller and bigger silhouettes experienced smaller BMI increase than boys who were satisfied ( p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion BID may be related to the BMI trajectory in girls from private schools and in boys from public schools.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277630.v1
title: Association of body image dissatisfaction with body mass index trajectory: the Adolescent Nutritional Assessment Longitudinal Study cohort

description: ABSTRACT Objective To examine the association of body image dissatisfaction (BID) with body mass index (BMI) trajectory among students from a metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro. Methods Data were analyzed for 809 middle school students followed from 2010 to 2013, and 1131 high school students followed from 2010 to 2012. BID was assessed using a body silhouettes scale. Type of school (public and private) was used as a proxy of socioeconomic status. Results In the middle school cohort, girls from private schools who wanted to have smaller and bigger silhouettes gained fewer BMI units than those who were satisfied with their body image ( p &lt; 0.05). In the high school, girls from private schools who wished to have bigger and smaller silhouettes experienced greater BMI increase than girls who were satisfied with their body image ( p &lt; 0.05). Also, in the high school cohort, boys from public schools who wished to have smaller and bigger silhouettes experienced smaller BMI increase than boys who were satisfied ( p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion BID may be related to the BMI trajectory in girls from private schools and in boys from public schools.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277632
title: Profile of female hospitalizations in a psychiatric unit: a critical analysis

description: ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the profile of psychiatric hospitalizations of women and adolescents in the years 2018 and 2019 in a general hospital. Methods A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design was carried out, whose setting was the psychiatric inpatient unit of a general hospital, in Porto Alegre, in Rio Grande do Sul. Data collection occurred through the electronic medical records of hospitalized women for the years 2018 and 2019 The variables age, mental health diagnosis, number of days of hospitalization, origin and pregnancy were analyzed using descriptive statistics using the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results A total of 418 hospitalizations were obtained, 132 corresponding to adolescents and 79 to pregnant women. The average age was 28.7 years. The average hospital stay was 28.5 days. The main places of origin are the psychiatric emergency services. The main diagnosis was depression (46.4%) and bipolar mood disorder (23.9%). Conclusion Knowing the epidemiological profile of female psychiatric hospitalizations provides an opportunity for a differential treatment to be established, since the mental health care of women is multifaceted, complex and intersectional and requires scientific knowledge, as well as an integrated approach to health services. Mental disorders also affect adolescents and pregnant women, and it is essential to know the needs of these populations in order to develop specialized care.