cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942112.v1
title: Estimate of the correction of sewage return rate in housing with rain water recovery systems: case study of Bauru city, SP, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The return coefficient (f) of the sewage disposal system, which presents the ratio given by the volume of wastewater by the public supply system water volume is employed in the design and management of sanitary sewer collection system. The use of alternative sources, such as reuse and rainwater harvesting, are not considered by f. This article aims at applying the methodology to evaluate the potential release of rainwater in the collection and transportation of sanitary sewage system through recovery practices in Bauru city/SP. Variables were quoted by means of number of inhabitants. The statistical sampling procedure was applied for roof area determination. Results pointed out for f correction (f corrected ) values varying from 0,86 to 1.14 for Bauru city.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942097
title: Application of the WINROP model in Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) screening in a Portuguese cohort of premature infants

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the WINROP algorithm for predicting retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a population of Portuguese preterm infants. Methods: Retrospective study of all newborns who underwent ROP screening at Hospital Universitário do Porto from January 2010 to May 2016. Gestational age (GA), birthweight and weekly postnatal weight measurements of the newborns, up to a postmenstrual age of 35-36 weeks, were entered in the online application of WINROP, which signals with an alarm the newborns who are at risk of developing ROP type 1, which requires treatment. Results: Of a total of 496 RN undergoing ROP screening, 20 were excluded from the study by incomplete records and 101 by GA ≥32 weeks. Of the newborns with a GA≥32 weeks, one developed ROP type 1 and was treated. Of the 375 newborns introduced in the WINROP application, 231 recorded an alarm signal. All the newborns with type 1 ROP were identified by the alarm signal. The WINROP algorithm presented a sensitivity and a negative predictive value of 100% and a specificity of 41%. The mean time between the alarm signal and the treatment was 10 weeks plus 6 days. Conclusion: The WINROP model was 100% sensitive in the detection of preterm infants requiring treatment for ROP. Besides its lower specificity, WINROP application can reduce substantially the number of exams in ROP screening. One of the limitations of the model is the exclusion of newborns with GA≥32 weeks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942100
title: Analysis of the reaction and behavior of nurses after training on young child feeding

description: ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the reaction and behavior of nurses after training on the use of educational tool to promote heathy nutrition to children. Method: pilot assessment study, of descriptive and quantitative approach, carried out in 2014 with eight nurses from the rural area of Ceará, Brazil, by observing a training workshop on the use of the serial album "Alimentos regionais: promovendo a segurança alimentar na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável" [Regional food: promoting food safety through child healthy feeding]. Results: the analysis of the reaction of nurses to the workshop showed that all of them (100%) were satisfied with the training. In behavior analysis, more than a half of the nurses have achieved the expected performance when implementing the illustrations of the serial album, seven of them (87.5%) being considered able to use the serial album. Conclusion: the training was considered effective, as all the participant nurses were satisfied and most of them considered capable of using the educational tool in promoting child healthy feeding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942103
title: Evaluation of visual acuity in municipal elementary school students

description: Abstract Objective: To describe and analyze the prevalence of visual impairment in municipal public school students in Caceres, Mato Grosso. Methods: A transversal study of 489 school children from the second and third years of elementar school in 13 municipal schools in Caceres, attended between December 2017 and January 2018. Visual acuity was evaluated using Snellen optometric chart and considered normal when higher than 0.7 or 20/30. Results: Of the four hundred and eighty-nine children were evaluated, eighty-five (17.4%) had low visual acuity at the screening, being referred for ophthalmological examination with specialist. Of the students referred, sixty three (74.1%) presented at the ambulatory and twenty eight (44.45%) had indication of visual correction, having won the glasses. The prevalence of refractive error was 8.99%, constituting the main cause of low visual acuity. The mean age was 8.29 anos (SD = 0.809), being an average of children with ophthalmological alterations was higher when compared to those without ophthalmological alterations (p = 0.027). Conclusion: The study showed that the prevalence of low visual acuity, as well as its causes, corroborates with that found in other screening programs in school children. It also demonstrated the importance of early diagnosis of visual changes to get better outcomes and emphasized the need for preventive measures for attention to eyes health of school children.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942106.v1
title: Follicular helper T cell in immunity and autoimmunity

description: The traditional concept that effector T helper (Th) responses are mediated by Th1/Th2 cell subtypes has been broadened by the recent demonstration of two new effector T helper cells, the IL-17 producing cells (Th17) and the follicular helper T cells (Tfh). These new subsets have many features in common, such as the ability to produce IL-21 and to express the IL-23 receptor (IL23R), the inducible co-stimulatory molecule ICOS, and the transcription factor c-Maf, all of them essential for expansion and establishment of the final pool of both subsets. Tfh cells differ from Th17 by their ability to home to B cell areas in secondary lymphoid tissue through interactions mediated by the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and its ligand CXCL13. These CXCR5+ CD4+ T cells are considered an effector T cell type specialized in B cell help, with a transcriptional profile distinct from Th1 and Th2 cells. The role of Tfh cells and its primary product, IL-21, on B-cell activation and differentiation is essential for humoral immunity against infectious agents. However, when deregulated, Tfh cells could represent an important mechanism contributing to exacerbated humoral response and autoantibody production in autoimmune diseases. This review highlights the importance of Tfh cells by focusing on their biology and differentiation processes in the context of normal immune response to infectious microorganisms and their role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942109.v1
title: Gender and Sexuality Teaching-Learning in a Medical School in Brazil: Promoting Comprehensive Health Care and Human Rights

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to present the structure of a curricular unit for the discussion of gender and sexuality, as well as the initial results of the implementation of this discussion in a medical course of a Brazilian Federal University. The Context / Input / Process / Product (CIPP) model for program evaluation was used to present the structure of this curricular unit, and the heterogeneity of the steps and paths taken for its realization (steps 1, 2 and 3 of the CIPP). It also presents the initial results of the implementation of this discussion on a medical course (Step 4 of the CIPP). In stage 1, a document analysis of the curriculum of the medical school under study was carried out; Stages 2 and 3 give a descriptive narrative of the process of planning and implementing the curricular unit, based on the Paulino & Raimondi Arch for the Teaching-Learning of Public Policies in interface with Care for Health Degrees Programs; In step 4, a retrospective pre-post questionnaire was filled out voluntarily, in the end of the intervention, to the students. It consisted of closed questions, using a 7-point Likert scale to assess the students’ perceptions about the improvement of their competences in the areas of gender and sexuality in health care, following this pedagogical experience. This step also included a descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, using the student’s t-test, the effect size calculation (Cohen’s d), and the general linear model of mixed design, to determine whether there is significant difference between the genders before and after the intervention of each of the questions. The results show that the intervention/curricular unit developed, through the Paulino & Raimondi Arch, was statistically significant, having a significant impact on the improvement of competences, from the students’ perspective, in relation to this theme. This impact was most evident in female gender. It is concluded that this pedagogical strategy proved to be powerful in education for the health professions, promoting integrality in health care regarding gender and sexuality issues, through the improvement of competences related to those issues, thereby promoting the principles of the Unified Health System (SUS – Sistema Único de Saúde), social justice, and human rights.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942121.v1
title: Prevalence of smoking in nursing professionals of a cardiovascular hospital

description: ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the prevalence of smoking in nursing professionals and to determine the relationship of the habit with clinical and socio-demographic characteristics. Method: nursing professionals of a cardiovascular hospital answered a questionnaire on smoking and dependence degree, socio-demographic characteristics, personal and family background, smoking characteristics, motivational stages, depression, perceived and occupational stress. The relationship between the explanatory variables and smoking was investigated. Results: among 656 participants, 77.6% were non smokers, 12.2% former smokers, and 10.2% smokers. Most were female, with complete high school, Catholic, married, household income between three and five minimum wages, position as nursing assistant, had double shifts, and were responsible for family income. The nicotine dependence of smokers ranged from low to moderate. Conclusion: the study has shown low prevalence of smoking in nursing professionals. Education level, religion, marital status, job position, responsibility for family income, history of depression and alcoholism, chest "wheezing" and other symptoms were significantly associated with being a smoker or former smoker.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942100.v1
title: Analysis of the reaction and behavior of nurses after training on young child feeding

description: ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the reaction and behavior of nurses after training on the use of educational tool to promote heathy nutrition to children. Method: pilot assessment study, of descriptive and quantitative approach, carried out in 2014 with eight nurses from the rural area of Ceará, Brazil, by observing a training workshop on the use of the serial album "Alimentos regionais: promovendo a segurança alimentar na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável" [Regional food: promoting food safety through child healthy feeding]. Results: the analysis of the reaction of nurses to the workshop showed that all of them (100%) were satisfied with the training. In behavior analysis, more than a half of the nurses have achieved the expected performance when implementing the illustrations of the serial album, seven of them (87.5%) being considered able to use the serial album. Conclusion: the training was considered effective, as all the participant nurses were satisfied and most of them considered capable of using the educational tool in promoting child healthy feeding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942103.v1
title: Evaluation of visual acuity in municipal elementary school students

description: Abstract Objective: To describe and analyze the prevalence of visual impairment in municipal public school students in Caceres, Mato Grosso. Methods: A transversal study of 489 school children from the second and third years of elementar school in 13 municipal schools in Caceres, attended between December 2017 and January 2018. Visual acuity was evaluated using Snellen optometric chart and considered normal when higher than 0.7 or 20/30. Results: Of the four hundred and eighty-nine children were evaluated, eighty-five (17.4%) had low visual acuity at the screening, being referred for ophthalmological examination with specialist. Of the students referred, sixty three (74.1%) presented at the ambulatory and twenty eight (44.45%) had indication of visual correction, having won the glasses. The prevalence of refractive error was 8.99%, constituting the main cause of low visual acuity. The mean age was 8.29 anos (SD = 0.809), being an average of children with ophthalmological alterations was higher when compared to those without ophthalmological alterations (p = 0.027). Conclusion: The study showed that the prevalence of low visual acuity, as well as its causes, corroborates with that found in other screening programs in school children. It also demonstrated the importance of early diagnosis of visual changes to get better outcomes and emphasized the need for preventive measures for attention to eyes health of school children.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942097.v1
title: Application of the WINROP model in Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) screening in a Portuguese cohort of premature infants

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the WINROP algorithm for predicting retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a population of Portuguese preterm infants. Methods: Retrospective study of all newborns who underwent ROP screening at Hospital Universitário do Porto from January 2010 to May 2016. Gestational age (GA), birthweight and weekly postnatal weight measurements of the newborns, up to a postmenstrual age of 35-36 weeks, were entered in the online application of WINROP, which signals with an alarm the newborns who are at risk of developing ROP type 1, which requires treatment. Results: Of a total of 496 RN undergoing ROP screening, 20 were excluded from the study by incomplete records and 101 by GA ≥32 weeks. Of the newborns with a GA≥32 weeks, one developed ROP type 1 and was treated. Of the 375 newborns introduced in the WINROP application, 231 recorded an alarm signal. All the newborns with type 1 ROP were identified by the alarm signal. The WINROP algorithm presented a sensitivity and a negative predictive value of 100% and a specificity of 41%. The mean time between the alarm signal and the treatment was 10 weeks plus 6 days. Conclusion: The WINROP model was 100% sensitive in the detection of preterm infants requiring treatment for ROP. Besides its lower specificity, WINROP application can reduce substantially the number of exams in ROP screening. One of the limitations of the model is the exclusion of newborns with GA≥32 weeks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942079
title: Education on the Process of Dying and Death by Medical Students and Resident Doctors

description: ABSTRACT Introduction The process of death and dying is a theme that generates different reactions among medical students and resident doctors, being influenced by their personal and professional experiences as well as cultural, psychological, religious, and other characteristics. Objective To evaluate the education of medical students (MS) of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) and resident doctors (RD) at Hospital de Clínicas of the Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR) on the subject of dying and death. Method A quantitative observational study. A self-administered questionnaire was designed, with 28 multiple-choice questions, to evaluate education about the process of dying and death, with elements adapted from the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B (FATCOD-B Scale). Results The questionnaire was completed by 805 MS (74.6% of the total number of students enrolled in the first semester of 2016) and 93 RD (73.8% of the total number of residents of clinical and surgical specialties enrolled in 2016). The report of experience of contact with dying people increased among the MS as they progressed through medical school, reaching near-totality among the first-year residents, and totality among those with the most specialized degrees in all specialties. 40.1% of the MS and 51.1% of the RD reported that they had received some kind of pedagogical orientation about death and dying during medical school. The influence of religious beliefs on education in this area was reported by 54% of the MS and 44.3% of the RD. 58% of the MS and RD reported feelings of frustration and impotence following patients’ deaths. Contact with patients in the dying process produced a range of feelings and perceptions among the MS and RD, including sadness, anguish, distancing, increased sensitivity, and professional maturation, among others. Conclusion MS and RD reported that they received little training about death during their medical training, and that their perceptions about the subject are influenced by multiple variables, such as religious belief. Contact with death also provokes equally diverse reactions. More studies are needed, to deepen the complexity of this issue in the field of medical training.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942085
title: Moral Distress Assessment in the Nursing Team of a Hematology-Oncology Sector

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the frequency and intensity of Moral Distress, and to analyze the associations between Moral Distress and sociodemographic and labor characteristics of the nursing team of a Hematology-Oncology. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 46 nursing professionals from a Hematology-Oncology sector of a hospital institution in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, through the application of the Moral Distress Scale - Brazilian version. In the data analysis, descriptive statistics and nonparametric association tests were used. Results: Mortal Distress intensity of 3.27 (SD= 1.79) and frequency of 1.72 (SD= 1.02) were found in this team. The Moral Distress of greater intensity and frequency were related to the denial of the role of Nursing as a patient's advocate and the disrespect to the patient's autonomy, respectively. Conclusion: It is suggested a greater space for discussion among professionals, multiprofessional team and managers, so that adequate conditions of action and communication are provided.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942076
title: NORMATIVE ISOMETRIC HIP MUSCLE FORCE VALUES ASSESSED BY A MANUAL DYNAMOMETER

description: ABSTRACT Objective: Hand-held dynamometry is a quantitative and accessible means of determining the isometric force of muscle groups. Methods: A total of 52 women aged 20–29 years with no complaints of hip pain who were sedentary or sporadically active and had a body mass index of 18.5–24.99 kg/m2 were included. All participants underwent bilateral assessments using hand-held dynamometry of the flexor, extensor, adductor, and abductor muscles as well as the internal and external rotator hip muscles. All hip movements were measured. All contraction data collected by the dynamometer are expressed in kilograms, normalized according to body weight, and expressed as percentages. Results: The flexor muscles exhibited an isometric muscle force of 38.54% of body weight versus a muscle force of 27.04% for the extensor muscles, 16.89% for the adductors, 16.85% for the abductors, and 17.09% for the external rotators, and 23.82% for the internal rotators. Conclusion: Standardization of isometric strength values according to body weight proved feasible. This result is important for clinical practice since it allows the establishment of patterns of normality and criteria for discharge, return to sports, or assessment of the impact of injuries in terms of loss of muscle strength. Level of evidence: III, Development of diagnostic criteria on consecutive patients (with universally applied reference “gold” standard).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942079.v1
title: Education on the Process of Dying and Death by Medical Students and Resident Doctors

description: ABSTRACT Introduction The process of death and dying is a theme that generates different reactions among medical students and resident doctors, being influenced by their personal and professional experiences as well as cultural, psychological, religious, and other characteristics. Objective To evaluate the education of medical students (MS) of the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR) and resident doctors (RD) at Hospital de Clínicas of the Federal University of Paraná (HC-UFPR) on the subject of dying and death. Method A quantitative observational study. A self-administered questionnaire was designed, with 28 multiple-choice questions, to evaluate education about the process of dying and death, with elements adapted from the Frommelt Attitude Toward Care of the Dying Scale Form B (FATCOD-B Scale). Results The questionnaire was completed by 805 MS (74.6% of the total number of students enrolled in the first semester of 2016) and 93 RD (73.8% of the total number of residents of clinical and surgical specialties enrolled in 2016). The report of experience of contact with dying people increased among the MS as they progressed through medical school, reaching near-totality among the first-year residents, and totality among those with the most specialized degrees in all specialties. 40.1% of the MS and 51.1% of the RD reported that they had received some kind of pedagogical orientation about death and dying during medical school. The influence of religious beliefs on education in this area was reported by 54% of the MS and 44.3% of the RD. 58% of the MS and RD reported feelings of frustration and impotence following patients’ deaths. Contact with patients in the dying process produced a range of feelings and perceptions among the MS and RD, including sadness, anguish, distancing, increased sensitivity, and professional maturation, among others. Conclusion MS and RD reported that they received little training about death during their medical training, and that their perceptions about the subject are influenced by multiple variables, such as religious belief. Contact with death also provokes equally diverse reactions. More studies are needed, to deepen the complexity of this issue in the field of medical training.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7942085.v1
title: Moral Distress Assessment in the Nursing Team of a Hematology-Oncology Sector

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the frequency and intensity of Moral Distress, and to analyze the associations between Moral Distress and sociodemographic and labor characteristics of the nursing team of a Hematology-Oncology. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 46 nursing professionals from a Hematology-Oncology sector of a hospital institution in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, through the application of the Moral Distress Scale - Brazilian version. In the data analysis, descriptive statistics and nonparametric association tests were used. Results: Mortal Distress intensity of 3.27 (SD= 1.79) and frequency of 1.72 (SD= 1.02) were found in this team. The Moral Distress of greater intensity and frequency were related to the denial of the role of Nursing as a patient's advocate and the disrespect to the patient's autonomy, respectively. Conclusion: It is suggested a greater space for discussion among professionals, multiprofessional team and managers, so that adequate conditions of action and communication are provided.