DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t49h6
title: Data from: A mistletoe tale: postglacial invasion of Psittacanthus schiedeanus (Loranthaceae) to Mesoamerican cloud forests revealed by molecular data and species distribution modeling

description: Background: Ecological adaptation to host taxa is thought to result in
 mistletoe speciation via race formation. However, historical and
 ecological factors could also contribute to explain genetic structuring
 particularly when mistletoe host races are distributed allopatrically.
 Using sequence data from nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (trnL-F) DNA, we
 investigate the genetic differentiation of 31 Psittacanthus schiedeanus
 (Loranthaceae) populations across the Mesoamerican species range. We
 conducted phylogenetic, population and spatial genetic analyses on 274
 individuals of P. schiedeanus to gain insight of the evolutionary history
 of these populations. Species distribution modeling, isolation with
 migration and Bayesian inference methods were used to infer the
 evolutionary transition of mistletoe invasion, in which evolutionary
 scenarios were compared through posterior probabilities. Results: Our
 analyses revealed shallow levels of population structure with three
 genetic groups present across the sample area. Nine haplotypes were
 identified after sequencing the trnL-F intergenic spacer. These haplotypes
 showed phylogeographic structure, with three groups with restricted gene
 flow corresponding to the distribution of individuals/populations
 separated by habitat (cloud forest localities from San Luis Potosí to
 northwestern Oaxaca and Chiapas, localities with xeric vegetation in
 central Oaxaca, and localities with tropical deciduous forests in
 Chiapas), with post-glacial population expansions and potentially
 corresponding to post-glacial invasion types. Similarly, 44 ITS ribotypes
 suggest phylogeographic structure, despite the fact that most frequent
 ribotypes are widespread indicating effective nuclear gene flow via
 pollen. Gene flow estimates, a significant genetic signal of demographic
 expansion, and range shifts under past climatic conditions predicted by
 species distribution modeling suggest post-glacial invasion of P.
 schiedeanus mistletoes to cloud forests. However, Approximate Bayesian
 Computation (ABC) analyses strongly supported a scenario of simultaneous
 divergence among the three groups isolated recently. Conclusions: Our
 results provide support for the predominant role of isolation and
 environmental factors in driving genetic differentiation of Mesoamerican
 parrot-flower mistletoes. The ABC results are consistent with a scenario
 of post-glacial mistletoe invasion, independent of host identity, and that
 habitat types recently isolated P. schiedeanus populations, accumulating
 slight phenotypic differences among genetic groups due to recent migration
 across habitats. Under this scenario, climatic fluctuations throughout the
 Pleistocene would have altered the distribution of suitable habitat for
 mistletoes throughout Mesoamerica leading to variation in population
 continuity and isolation. Our findings add to an understanding of the role
 of recent isolation and colonization in shaping cloud forest communities
 in the region.
description: Ornelas et
 al_ITS1. ITS_File:
 Psittacanthus schiedeanus sequences of the internal transcribed spacer
 (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA)
 sequences.Ornelas et
 al_trnL-F2. trnL-F_File:
 Psittacanthus schiedeanus sequences of the trnL-F intergenic spacer region
 from the chloroplast genome (cpDNA).Ornelas et
 al_IMa_CALYvsSCHI_cp_nr1. Ornelas_et
 al_IMa_CALYvsSCHI_nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (trnL-F): CALY (xeric
 vegetation in central Oaxaca and tropical deciduous forests in Chiapas)
 versus SCHI (cloud forests from San Luis Potosí to Oaxaca and Chiapas)
 populations of Psittacanthus schiedeanus for the internal transcribed
 spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) and the trnL-F
 intergenic spacer region from the chloroplast genome
 (cpDNA).Ornelas et
 al_MAXENT_Psittacanthus_schiedeanus1.
 Psittacanthus_schiedeanus_MAXENT_File: coordinates longitude and latitude
 of Psittacanthus schiedeanus.