cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.899898
title: OCEANET-ATMOSPHERE Mircowave Radiometer Hatpro during POLARSTERN cruise PS106

description: The dataset contains daily nc-files of the integrated water vapour and liquid water content from the OCEANET microwave radiometer Haptro (Rose et al., 2005, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2004.12.005) during Polarstern cruise PS106.The data is calibrated within the Cloudnet (Illingworth, 2007 doi:10.1175/BAMS-88-6-883) processing scheme.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.900106
title: Cloudnet LWC during POLARSTERN cruise PS106

description: The dataset contains daily nc-files of the Cloudnet liquid water content during Polarstern cruise PS106.The data is retrieved using the instrument synergystic approach Cloudnet (Illingworth, 2007, doi:10.1175/BAMS-88-6-883).This variable was calculated for the profiles where the \"categorization\" data has diagnosed that liquid water is present and liquid water path is available from a coincident microwave radiometer. The model temperature and pressure were used to estimate thetheoretical adiabatic liquid water content gradient for each cloud base and the adiabatic liquid water content is then scaled so that its integral matches the radiometer measurement so that the liquid water content now follows a quasi-adiabatic profile. If the liquid layer is detected by the lidar only, there is the potential for cloud top height to be underestimated and so if the adiabatic integrated liquid water content is less than that measured by the microwave radiometer, the cloud top is extended until the adiabatic integrated liquid water content agrees with the value measured by the microwave radiometer.Missing values indicate that either1) a liquid water layer was diagnosed but no microwave radiometer data was available,2) a liquid water layer was diagnosed but the microwave radiometer data was unreliable; this may be because a melting layer was present in the profile, or because the retrieved lwp was unphysical (values of zero are not uncommon for thin supercooled liquid layers), or3) that rain is present in the profile and therefore, the vertical extent of liquid layers is difficult to ascertain.
description: Please note: a newer Version is available, see "Replaced by" reference
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.900111
title: Cloudnet ice particles effective radius during POLARSTERN cruise PS106

description: The dataset contains daily nc-files of the Cloudnet ice particles effective radius during Polarstern cruise PS106 based on: - 35.5 GHz Cloud radar MIRA.The data is retrieved using the instrument synergystic approach Cloudnet (Illingworth, 2007, doi:10.1175/BAMS-88-6-883).This variable was calculated from visible extinction coefficient and ice water content using the following analytical formula: r_eff[\\mum] = 3*IWC[g cm-3] / (2 rho_i \\alpha[m-1]) 10**6with rho_i=0.917g cm-3 the desity of solid ice.This retrieval is based on an analytical relationship between IWC and \\alpha. However both parameters have been retrieved following Hogan 2006 (doi:10.1175/JAM2340.1) by using two different empirical formulas based on the same measured quantity, the 35.5-GHz radar reflectivity factor.
description: Please note: a newer Version is available, see "Replaced by" reference
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.899570
title: Measurements of Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN) concentrations in the Arctic during Polarstern cruise PS106

description: Onboard the RV Polarstern a Cloud Condensation Nucleus Counter (CCNc, CCN-100, DMT) was operated during cruise PS106.1 (PASCAL) and PS106.2 (SiPCA) from May 25 to July 16 2017. The measurements were performed in the polydisperse configuration with the CCNc cycling through six supersaturations (SS). The CCNc stayed for 10 min at each SS (0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 1%). The CCN concentrations are averaged for every SS during a cycle and also normalized to standard temperature and pressure conditions (273.15 K and 1013.25 hPa). Ambient temperature and pressure are also provided in order to give the possibility to calculate ambient CCN concentrations.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.900713
title: Dissolved Cd isotope ratios from seawater samples during cruises M77/3 and M77/4

description: The depth profiles of Cd isotopes display high δ114/110Cd at the surface and decreasing δ114/110Cd with increasing water depth, consistent with preferential utilization of lighter Cd isotopes during biological uptake in the euphotic zone and subsequent remineralization of the sinking biomass. In the surface and subsurface ocean, seawater displays similar δ114/110Cd signatures of 0.47 ±0.23‰ to 0.82 ±0.05‰ across the entire eastern tropical South Pacific despite highly variable Cd concentrations between 0.01 and 0.84 nmol/kg. This observation, best explained by an open system steady-state fractionation model, contrasts with previous studies of the South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans, where only Cd-deficient waters have a relatively constant Cd isotope signature. For the subsurface to about 500 m depth, the variability of seawater Cd isotope compositions can be modeled by mixing of remineralized Cd with subsurface water from the base of the mixed layer. In the intermediate and deep eastern tropical South Pacific (&gt;500 m), seawater [Cd] and δ114/110Cd appear to follow the distribution and mixing of major water masses. We identified modified AAIW of the ETSP to be more enriched in [Cd] than AAIW from the source region, whilst both water masses have similar δ114/110Cd. A mass balance estimate thus constrains a δ114/110Cd of between 0.38‰ and 0.56‰ for the accumulated remineralized Cd in the ETSP. Nearly all samples show a tight coupling of Cd and PO4 concentrations, whereby surface and deeper waters define two distinct linear trends. However, seawater at a coastal station located within a pronounced plume of H2S, is depleted in [Cd] and features significantly higher δ114/110Cd. This signature is attributed to the formation of authigenic CdS with preferential incorporation of lighter Cd isotopes. The process follows a Rayleigh fractionation model with a fractionation factor of α114/110Cd(seawater-CdS)=1.00029. Further deviations from the deep Cd-PO4 trend were observed for samples with O2&lt;10μmol/kg and are best explained by in situ CdS precipitation within the decaying organic matter even though dissolved H2S was not detectable in ambient seawater.
description: Cd concentrations and isotope compositions for seawater samples analyzed in this study. e114/110Cd values are reported relatively to NIST SRM3108 standard and converted to δ114/110Cd for interlaboratory comparison.
description: Supplement to: Xie, Ruifang C; Rehkämper, Mark; Grasse, Patricia; van de Flierdt, Tina; Frank, Martin; Xue, Zichen (2019): Isotopic evidence for complex biogeochemical cycling of Cd in the eastern tropical South Pacific. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 512, pp.134-146
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.900999
title: Mg/Ca ratios of planktonic foraminifera of sediment core SO225_8-3
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901002
title: Stable oxygen isotope ratios of Globigerinoides sacculifer of sediment core SO225_8-3
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901396
title: δ18O time-series analyzed in G. ruber w. in sediment core SO126-39KL recovered from the northern Bay of Bengal

description: Ocean‐land thermal feedback mechanisms in the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) domain are an important but not well understood component of regional climate dynamics. Here we present a δ18O record analyzed in the mixed‐layer dwelling planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber (sensu stricto) from the northernmost Bay of Bengal (BoB). The δ18O time series provides a spatially integrated measure of monsoonal precipitation and Himalayan meltwater runoff into the northern BoB, and reveals two brief episodes of anomalously low δ18O values between 16.3±0.4 and 16±0.5 and 12.6±0.4 and 12.3±0.4 kyr BP. The timing of these events is centered at Heinrich Event 1 and the Younger Dryas, well‐known phases of weak northern hemisphere monsoon systems. Numerical climate model experiments, simulating Heinrich event‐like conditions, suggest a surface warming over the monsoon‐dominated Himalaya and foreland in response to ISM weakening. Corroborating the simulation results, our analysis of published moraine exposure ages in the monsoon‐dominated Himalaya indicates enhanced glacier retreats that, considering age model uncertainties, coincide and overlap with the episodes of anomalously low δ18O values in the northernmost BoB. Our climate proxy and simulation results provide insights into past regional climate dynamics suggesting reduced cloud cover, increased solar radiation, and air warming of the Himalaya and foreland areas and, as a result, glacier mass losses in response to weakened ISM.
description: Supplement to: Weldeab, Syee; Rühlemann, Carsten; Bookhagen, Bodo; Pausata, Francesco S R; Perez-Lua, M Fabiola (2019): Enhanced Himalayan glacial melting during YD and H1 recorded in the northern Bay of Bengal. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901839
title: MSM16/3 raw data of EM1002 multibeam echosounder (bathymetry & beam time series)

description: Bathymetry data based on the multibeam echosounders (MBES) KONGSBERG EM120 and EM1002 was conducted during R/V MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM16/3 between 13.10.2010 and 20.11.2010 in the Eastern Atlantic off Mauritania. The expedition aimed at a comprehensive understanding of the complex sedimentary system on the Mauritian Shelf as an atypical tropical eutrophic ecosystem and an archive of palaeoclimatic change in Africa during the Holocene. During the expedition, the chain of Mauritian coral reef mounds was mapped for the first time, carbonate-producing organisms successfully sampled and the flooding history of the Golfe d'Arguin investigated. Hydroacoustic surveys were conducted for a better understanding of the topography, and particularly for the identification of coral mounds and their morphological and structural patterns. In addition to bathymetric mapping, further instruments complemented the research programme, such as the sub-bottom profiler PARASOUND, a fast-rescue boat for shallow water surveys, various sediment sampling and coring devices, a CTD, an aerial dust collector and a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). CI Citation: Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de) as responsible party for bathymetry raw data ingest and approval. Description of the data source: During the MSM16/3 expedition, the KONGSBERG EM1002 multibeam ecosounder (MBES) was utilized for high-resolution bathymetric mapping in water depths from 30 to 800m. A semi-circular transducer array with a radius of 45 cm and 160° angular extent transmits a nominal sounding frequency of 95 kHz with a maximum angular coverage sector of 150°. During the reception, 111 beams with widths of 2° by 2.3° are formed. Depending on the reflectivity of the seafloor, the swath width can reach up to 7.4 times the water depth. During the cruise, the angular coverage sector and beam pointing angles were set to vary automatically with depth according to achievable coverage in order to maximize the number of usable beams. The depth of the water column is calculated through the two-way-travel time, beam angle and ray bending due to refraction in the water column by sound speed variations. Combining amplitude (for central beams) and phase (for slant beams) provides accuracy practically independent of the beam-pointing angle. For further information on the system, consult https://www.km.kongsberg.com/. Responsible persons during this cruise / PI: Andre Freiwald (andre.freiwald@senckenberg.de), Till Hanebuth (thanebuth@coastal.edu) & Stephen Schilling Chief Scientist: Hildegard Westphal (hildegard.westphal@zmt-bremen.de) CR: https://www.tib.eu/en/search/id/awi%3Adoi~10.2312%252Fcr_msm16_3/ CSR: https://www2.bsh.de/aktdat/dod/fahrtergebnis/2010/20100362.htm
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901853
title: Sediment metal geochemistry from gravity corer SO239_165-1 of SONNE cruise SO239

description: Sediment samples were microwave digested using HCl, HNO3 and HF at the Marine Geochemistry Lab, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven by Jessica Volz. Digested samples were then analyzed by ICP-MS at Jacobs University Bremen by Sophie Paul.
description: LOQ = Limit of quantification
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901854
title: Sediment metal geochemistry from gravity corer SO239_194-1 of SONNE cruise SO239

description: Sediment samples were microwave digested using HCl, HNO3 and HF at the Marine Geochemistry Lab, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven by Jessica Volz. Digested samples were then analyzed by ICP-MS at Jacobs University Bremen by Sophie Paul.
description: LOQ = Limit of quantification
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901858
title: Stable Silicon Isotopes data, biogenic opal concentrations and bulk sediment nitrogen isotope data of Trigger cores M772-024, 005 and 003 off Peru

description: The data includes silicon isotope signatures, biogenic opal concentrations and bulk sediment nitrogen isotope signatures of three short cores between 11 and 15 degrees South of the Peruvian Coast.
description: Supplement to: Doering, Kristin; Ehlert, Claudia; Martinez, Philippe; Frank, Martin; Schneider, Ralph R (2018): Latitudinal variations of δ30Si and δ15N signatures along the Peruvian shelf: quantifying the effects of nutrient utilization versus denitrification over the past 600 years. Biogeosciences Discussions, 16, 1-23
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901660
title: MSM16/3 raw data of EM120 multibeam echosounder (bathymetry & beam time series)

description: Bathymetric data based on the multibeam echosounders (MBES) KONGSBERG EM120 and EM1002 was conducted during R/V MARIA S. MERIAN cruise MSM16/3 between 13.10.2010 and 20.11.2010 in the Eastern Atlantic off Mauritania. The expedition aimed at a comprehensive understanding of the complex sedimentary system on the Mauritian Shelf as an atypical tropical eutrophic ecosystem and an archive of palaeoclimatic change in Africa during the Holocene. During the expedition, the chain of Mauritian coral reef mounds was mapped for the first time, carbonate-producing organisms successfully sampled and the flooding history of the Golfe d'Arguin investigated. Hydroacoustic surveys were conducted for a better understanding of the topography, and particularly for the identification of coral mounds and their morphological and structural patterns. In addition to bathymetric mapping, further instruments complemented the research programme, such as the sub-bottom profiler PARASOUND, a fast-rescue boat for shallow water surveys, various sediment sampling and coring devices, a CTD, an aerial dust collector and a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). CI Citation: Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de) as responsible party for bathymetry raw data ingest and approval. Description of the data source: During the MSM16/3 expedition, the hull-mounted KONGSBERG EM120 multibeam ecosounder (MBES) was utilized for bathymetric mapping in water depth beyond 800 m as it allows accurate bathymetric mapping up to full ocean depth. Two linear transducer arrays in Mills Cross configuration transmit a nominal sonar frequency of 12 kHz with an emission beam of 150° across track and 1° along track, and receive 191 beams with widths of 2° across track and 20° along track. The actual footprint of a beam has a dimension of 1° by 2°. On flat bottom, the achievable swath width can reach up to six times the water depth. The angular coverage sector and beam pointing angles were set to vary automatically with depth according to achievable coverage. For further information on the system, consult https://www.km.kongsberg.com/. The depth of the water column is estimated through the two-way-travel time, beam angle and ray bending due to refraction in the water column by sound speed variations. Combining amplitude (for central beams) and phase (for slant beams) provides accuracy practically independent of the beam-pointing angle. Responsible persons during this cruise / PI: Andre Freiwald (andre.freiwald@senckenberg.de), Till Hanebuth (thanebuth@coastal.edu) & Stephen Schilling Chief Scientist: Hildegard Westphal (hildegard.westphal@zmt-bremen.de) CR: https://www.tib.eu/en/search/id/awi%3Adoi~10.2312%252Fcr_msm16_3/ CSR: https://www2.bsh.de/aktdat/dod/fahrtergebnis/2010/20100362.htm
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901746
title: Sea surface temperature (SST) and Mg/Ca analysis of G. bulloides from sediment core MD95-2043
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.901425
title: ADCP current measurements (38 and 75 kHz) during METEOR cruise M136
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902154
title: Mg/Ca-based temperature record of sediment core GeoB16224-1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902158
title: Modern analogue technique based temperature record of sediment core GeoB16224-1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902159
title: UK'37-based temperature record of sediment core GeoB16224-1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902160
title: TEX86H and TEX86L temperature records of sediment core GeoB16224-1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902860
title: The polychaete fauna of the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone from boxcore samples during SONNE cruise SO239

description: The dataset contains polychaete abundance data collected from boxcores samples (BC; 0.25 m2) collected in the eastern Clarion Clipperton fracture Zone (northeast Pacific), an area currently being explored for polymetallic nodules. Macrobenthic samples were collected onboard RV Sonne during expedition SO239 in 2015. Four exploration contract areas (BGR, IOM, GSR and Ifremer) and one “Area of Particular Environmental Interest” (APEI#3) were sampled. Between 3 and 8 quantitative box cores were collected in each area. Boxcore samples were sliced in three layers (0-3, 3-5 and 5-10 cm depth) and sieved on a 300 µm mesh. Polychaetes have been counted, sequenced and identified. Identifications were realised based on morphology and DNA (COI, 16S and 18S genes) leading to morphotype in most cases (species-level). DNA sequences are available in Genbank or BOLD databases with their respective codes in this dataset.
description: * Comment Species Level: 'TRUE': The specimen has been identified down to species or putative species level; "FALSE": The specimen has been identified at a taxonomic resolution lower than species
description: Supplement to: Bonifácio, Paulo; Martínez Arbizu, Pedro; Menot, Lenaick (2020): Alpha and beta diversity patterns of polychaete assemblages across the nodule province of the eastern Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (equatorial Pacific). Biogeosciences, 17(4), 865-886
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902452
title: SO174 raw data of EM120 multibeam echosounder (bathymetry & beam time series)

description: Between 01.10.2003 and 12.11.2003, bathymetric data was acquired in the Gulf of Mexico during the R/V SONNE cruise SO174. The expedition was dedicated to the types and structures of near-surface marine methane hydrates and the environmental conditions required for their formation. Furthermore, the cruise aimed at the assessment of microbiological turnover and deployments of long-term observatories for examination of the mechanisms controlling the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate. Bathymetric mapping with the multibeam echosounder (MBES) SIMRAD EM120 was utilized to conduct high-quality seafloor maps in water depths between 500 and 1000 m, covering an area of 350 km² and notably improving the resolution of existing bathymetry. Sub-bottom profiling and plume imaging, visual seafloor observation, lander deployments, sediment coring, CT scanning and biological sampling complemented the research programme. CI Citation: Paul Wintersteller (seafloor-imaging@marum.de) as responsible party for bathymetry raw data ingest and approval. Description of the data source: During the SO174 cruise, the hull-mounted multibeam echosounder (MBES) SIMRAD EM120 was utilized to perform bathymetric mapping. It allows to conduct surveys in water depths of up to 11,000 m. Two transducer arrays transmit frequency coded acoustic signals (11.25 to 12.6 kHz). Data acquisition is based on successive emission-reception cycles of the signal. While the emission beam has a dimension of 150° across and 2° along track, the reception is obtained from 191 overlapping beams with widths of 2° across and 20° along track. The beam footprint has a dimension of 2° by 2°. The beam spacing can be set to equidistant or equiangular. For further information on the system, consult: https://www.km.kongsberg.com/ Depth is estimated from each beam by using the two-way travel time and the beam angle known from each beam, and taking into account the ray bending due to refraction in the water column by sound speed variations. Combining phase and amplitude is used to provide measurement accuracy practically independent of the beam pointing angle. A sound velocity for the calibration of the SIMRAD EM120 profile was obtained through a CTD cast. Responsible persons during this cruise / PI: Gerhard Bohrmann (gbohrmann@marum.de) & Florian Meier (florian.meier@iwes.fraunhofer.de) Chief Scientist: Gerhard Bohrmann (gbohrmann@marum.de) CR: http://oceanrep.geomar.de/13539/1/GEOMAR_Rep_117_SO174.pdf CSR: https://www2.bsh.de/aktdat/dod/fahrtergebnis/2003/20040025.htm
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902615
title: Age model of sediment core M77/2_047-2

description: Radicarbon dates and calibrated ages from core M77/2-47-2, Peru
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902616
title: Age model of sediment core M77/2_050-4

description: Radicarbon dates and calibrated ages from core M77/2-50-4, Peru
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902258
title: Sea ice draft, surface water temperature, salinity and chlorophyl a from SUIT measurements during POLARSTERN cruise PS80

description: Measured surface water properties (temperature, salinity, chl a), and derived sea-ice thickness and draft for each haul. Data are interpolated on a 0.5 m grid along the transect.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902260
title: Sea ice draft, surface water temperature, salinity and chlorophyl a from SUIT measurements during POLARSTERN cruise PS81

description: Measured surface water properties (temperature, salinity, chl a), and derived sea-ice thickness and draft for each haul. Data are interpolated on a 0.5 m grid along the transect.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902261
title: Sea ice draft, surface water temperature, salinity and chlorophyl a from SUIT measurements during POLARSTERN cruise PS89

description: Measured surface water properties (temperature, salinity, chl a), and derived sea-ice thickness and draft for each haul. Data are interpolated on a 0.5 m grid along the transect.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.902262
title: Sea ice draft, surface water temperature, salinity and chlorophyl a from SUIT measurements during POLARSTERN cruise PS92

description: Measured surface water properties (temperature, salinity, chl a), and derived sea-ice thickness and draft for each haul. Data are interpolated on a 0.5 m grid along the transect.