DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1cs77qn
title: Data from: Dissecting biodiversity in a global hotspot: uneven dynamics of immigration and diversification within the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa

description: Aim: Fragmented distributions should show immigration and diversification
 dynamics consistent with the predictions of island biogeography theory. We
 test whether this applies to the fragmented Cape fynbos vegetation.
 Location: Southern Africa, Cape Floristic Region (CFR) Taxon: Angiosperms,
 Restionaceae (restios) Methods: We used a large occurrence dataset and
 environmental layers to characterize an existing regionalization and the
 intervals between the regions ecologically and spatially. We extended the
 available phylogeny for restios and inferred their historical biogeography
 using models implemented in BioGeoBEARS. We then measured the relative
 contribution of immigration and in situ speciation to the species richness
 of each region within the CFR. We used standard statistical methods to
 test the predictions of the island biogeography theory. Results: The area
 and environmental heterogeneity of the seven regions of the CFR are
 positively correlated with in situ speciation rate. Furthermore, more
 isolated areas, and areas colonized more recently, have proportionally
 higher immigration rates, and more central and older areas proportionally
 higher in situ speciation rates. Main Conclusions: The variation in
 immigration and diversification dynamics among the regions within the CFR
 is extensive and consistent with the archipelago model of island biography
 theory. This dynamic may contribute significantly to the diversity of the
 Cape flora. Such a model could be generally useful for understanding the
 generation and maintenance of diversity in biodiversity hotspots, and may
 even scale up to explain continental biodiversity.
description: Restionaceae
 georeferenced occurrence data for the Cape Floristic
 RegionThe tab-delimited data
 contain 12903 georeferenced occurrence records of the Restionaceae
 occurring in the South African Cape Flora. The columns give the species
 names (column "GenusSpecies"; with the binary scientific names
 separated by underscore), the date of collection (column
 "Date"), the coordinates in WGS84 geographic projection
 (EPSG:4326; columns "Longitude" and "Latitude"), the
 locality (column "Locality"). Further, we indicate whether the
 data represents a single occurrence ("specimen") or is part of a
 plot-releve ("plot"; indicated in column
 "RecordType"). In the latter case, we indicate the plot-id in
 the column "PlotID". In case of specimen-data, we indicate the
 collector (column "Collector") and collection number
 ("CollectorNumber"). Where available, we also indicate simple
 site-characteristics in terms of rockiness (column "Rockyness";
 three levels "none", "pebblesboulders",
 "bedrock"), soil-type (column "SoilType"; three levels
 "organic", "fine", "coarse"), drainage
 (column "Drainage"; three levels "dry",
 "damp", "wet"), and aspect (column "Aspect";
 with "level" for flat sites and all possible combinations of
 "n" for North, "e" for East, "s" for South,
 "w" for West).restio_georef_data.txtGeology of the Cape Floristic RegionThe zip-archive contains a shapefile in WGS84 geographic projection (EPSG:4326) that holds (in the column "geology") spatially explicit information on six major geological classes ("calcrete", "granite", "recent sand", "silcrete", "sandstones", "shale", and "others" including water-bodies). The column "UQ_GEOL" contains the original geological class according to the South African Council for Geoscience, and "geol_num" is a numerical representation of the classes coded in column "geology".cape_geology.zipEnvironment of the Cape Floristic RegionThe environmental data used in this study, provided as geo-tiffs. Details are given in Appendix S1 and Table S2 of the associated publication (DOI: 10.1111/jbi.13625).cape_environment.zipPhylogenetic trees of the Restionaceae of the Cape Floristic RegionThe zip-archive contains the MCC tree of the Restionaceae (in the file "mcc_tree.nex") and a random sample of 100 trees from the posterior of our phylogenetic analysis (in the file "tree_samples_100.nex").restio_trees.zip