cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772600.v1
title: Transition to adulthood with a bladder augmentation: histopathologic concerns

description: ABSTRACT Aim: To investigate the histopathologic changes in native bladder and gastrointestinal segment, the relation between histopathologic changes, type of operation and the period passed over operation in patients with bladder augmentation. Materials and methods: Twenty consecutive patients were enrolled in this study. Histopathologic evaluation of the cystoscopic mucosal biopsies from native bladder and enteric augment was performed in all patients. Results: Active or chronic non-specific inflammation of various degrees was found in all specimens except two. Metaplastic changes were detected in 3 patients. Two patients had squamous metaplasia (one focal, one extensive) and one patient had intestinal metaplasia. All metaplastic changes were found in native bladder specimens. The type of augmentation in patients with metaplastic changes were ileocystoplasty and sigmoidocystoplasty. No signs of malignancy were detected in any patient. Conclusion: The complexity of the disorders requiring bladder augmentation does not let the surgeons to draw a clear line between different groups of complications including malignancy formation. However, due to challenging course of the augmentation procedure itself, surgeons should be well aware of the possibility of malignancy development.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772597
title: X-PloRat: A Software for Scoring Animal Behavior in Enclosed Spaces

description: ABSTRACT The present technical note introduces the X-PloRat, a software for the scoring of animal location, displacement, and other behavioral properties, in enclosed spaces. The X-PloRat offers a variety of data reports and can be used for training students in behavioral observation and in validating other kinds of scoring procedures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772597.v1
title: X-PloRat: A Software for Scoring Animal Behavior in Enclosed Spaces

description: ABSTRACT The present technical note introduces the X-PloRat, a software for the scoring of animal location, displacement, and other behavioral properties, in enclosed spaces. The X-PloRat offers a variety of data reports and can be used for training students in behavioral observation and in validating other kinds of scoring procedures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772591
title: Evaluation of mechanical characteristics of wood by means of impulse excitation

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to determine the mechanical characteristics: modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, tensile strength parallel to fibers and shear strength, of 29 Brazilian wood species through nondestructive tests. Twenty-nine specimens of 29 species of wood were used. The specimens have been prepared carefully so they are free from defects. The device used was the Sonelastic. It serves to perform non-destructive tests using acoustic waves caused by an impact. By means of software, which analyzes the acoustic wave, the dynamic modulus of elasticity and the dynamic transverse deformation modulus are determined. Using the values of the mechanical characteristics, of the 29 species of wood, provided by NBR 7190 and IPT, a regression analysis was performed between the mechanical characteristics and the dynamic modulus of elasticity. It is concluded that the use of the impulse excitation technique, to estimate the modulus of elasticity, presents a high correlation between the studied variables (R2 = 97.54%). The dynamic modulus of elasticity is on average 5.81% higher than the static modulus of elasticity. To estimate the compressive strength is a promising alternative. The level of significance is good with coefficient of determination of R2 = 74.53%. On the other hand, the estimation of tensile strength and shear strength may lead to not very reliable values.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772591.v1
title: Evaluation of mechanical characteristics of wood by means of impulse excitation

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this paper is to determine the mechanical characteristics: modulus of elasticity, compressive strength, tensile strength parallel to fibers and shear strength, of 29 Brazilian wood species through nondestructive tests. Twenty-nine specimens of 29 species of wood were used. The specimens have been prepared carefully so they are free from defects. The device used was the Sonelastic. It serves to perform non-destructive tests using acoustic waves caused by an impact. By means of software, which analyzes the acoustic wave, the dynamic modulus of elasticity and the dynamic transverse deformation modulus are determined. Using the values of the mechanical characteristics, of the 29 species of wood, provided by NBR 7190 and IPT, a regression analysis was performed between the mechanical characteristics and the dynamic modulus of elasticity. It is concluded that the use of the impulse excitation technique, to estimate the modulus of elasticity, presents a high correlation between the studied variables (R2 = 97.54%). The dynamic modulus of elasticity is on average 5.81% higher than the static modulus of elasticity. To estimate the compressive strength is a promising alternative. The level of significance is good with coefficient of determination of R2 = 74.53%. On the other hand, the estimation of tensile strength and shear strength may lead to not very reliable values.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772588
title: Development of tool for environmental assessment of municipal solid waste dumps in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The use of landfills as means of disposal of municipal solid waste is a very common reality in developing countries, resulting in consequences such as contamination of natural resources and public health problems. Thus, it is urgent to improve the effectiveness of public policies, in order to promote the proper disposal of municipal solid waste and remediation of landfills. In this sense, this paper aimed to develop a tool for decision support intended to assist municipalities in assessing its landfills in order to establish remediation priorities. The tool was developed in three stages: 1) development of a field survey to diagnose dumps sites; 2) establishment of a scoring system for the field survey, aiming to measure the level of impact of each diagnosed dumpsite; 3) Codification of the tool into a program and validation test. The user input information from the field form, then the program calculate the punctuation, establish the level of impact and generate the dumpsite’s diagnostic. The tool was applied in four open dumps, which served as case studies. The results showed that the tool is able to achieve its goals, contributing to the improvement of waste management in Brazil, even with the limited information available on the diagnosed dump sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772588.v1
title: Development of tool for environmental assessment of municipal solid waste dumps in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The use of landfills as means of disposal of municipal solid waste is a very common reality in developing countries, resulting in consequences such as contamination of natural resources and public health problems. Thus, it is urgent to improve the effectiveness of public policies, in order to promote the proper disposal of municipal solid waste and remediation of landfills. In this sense, this paper aimed to develop a tool for decision support intended to assist municipalities in assessing its landfills in order to establish remediation priorities. The tool was developed in three stages: 1) development of a field survey to diagnose dumps sites; 2) establishment of a scoring system for the field survey, aiming to measure the level of impact of each diagnosed dumpsite; 3) Codification of the tool into a program and validation test. The user input information from the field form, then the program calculate the punctuation, establish the level of impact and generate the dumpsite’s diagnostic. The tool was applied in four open dumps, which served as case studies. The results showed that the tool is able to achieve its goals, contributing to the improvement of waste management in Brazil, even with the limited information available on the diagnosed dump sites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772585
title: Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of low linear density polyethylene and organophilic montmorillonite nanocomposites obtained by extrusion

description: ABSTRACT Low density linear polyethylene nanocomposites with organophilic montmorillonite clay (OMMT) from Brazilian source were obtained with the objective of evaluating the physicochemical properties. Nanocomposites obtained by extrusion at the concentrations 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5% and the pure polymer were produced and characterized. The mixtures were injected and characterized. The TGA analyzes showed that the addition of nanoclay considerably increased the thermal stability of the samples, especially the PELBD/OMMT2,0, which increase was of 5.6% compared to White. Through DSC it was found that the samples with nanoclay incorporation suffered no change in melting temperature in relation to the pure sample of LLDPE, however, the incorporation of clay increased the degree of crystallinity of the samples, especially for the LLDPE/OMMT2,5 sample that showed a 9,48 % degree of crystallinity higher than the white one. The flammability results revealed that the LLDPE/OMMT2,0 sample showed a decrease of 38 % in the flame propagation velocity. In the tensile test it was noticed an increase in stiffness of the samples with addition of OMMT compared to the White one, increasing the Young's modulus and decreasing the elongation at fracture with the percentage increase of OMMT. On the other hand, the NMR technique showed that the samples of up to 2,5% of OMMT suggests the formation of an exfoliated nanocomposite.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772585.v1
title: Evaluation of the physicochemical properties of low linear density polyethylene and organophilic montmorillonite nanocomposites obtained by extrusion

description: ABSTRACT Low density linear polyethylene nanocomposites with organophilic montmorillonite clay (OMMT) from Brazilian source were obtained with the objective of evaluating the physicochemical properties. Nanocomposites obtained by extrusion at the concentrations 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5% and the pure polymer were produced and characterized. The mixtures were injected and characterized. The TGA analyzes showed that the addition of nanoclay considerably increased the thermal stability of the samples, especially the PELBD/OMMT2,0, which increase was of 5.6% compared to White. Through DSC it was found that the samples with nanoclay incorporation suffered no change in melting temperature in relation to the pure sample of LLDPE, however, the incorporation of clay increased the degree of crystallinity of the samples, especially for the LLDPE/OMMT2,5 sample that showed a 9,48 % degree of crystallinity higher than the white one. The flammability results revealed that the LLDPE/OMMT2,0 sample showed a decrease of 38 % in the flame propagation velocity. In the tensile test it was noticed an increase in stiffness of the samples with addition of OMMT compared to the White one, increasing the Young's modulus and decreasing the elongation at fracture with the percentage increase of OMMT. On the other hand, the NMR technique showed that the samples of up to 2,5% of OMMT suggests the formation of an exfoliated nanocomposite.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772582
title: Use of expanded clay and silica fume for the improvement of mechanical, physical and thermal performances of structural lightweight concretes

description: ABSTRACT In this study an investigation was carried out for the execution of concretes with high strength, low density and excellent thermal properties, in order to execute energy-efficient constructions. Structural Lightweight Concretes were studied using two different granulometries of expanded clay (C05 and C15), where the coarse aggregate was replaced by 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. To promote the maintenance of consistency and resistance, superplasticizer and silica fume were used in the mixtures. Based on the methodology used, the concretes were physically and mechanically characterized, in accordance with current national and international standards. The density of the concretes, in the hardened state, ranged from 1,787 to 2,400 kg/m³ and, for compressive strength, ranged from 26 to 53 MPa at 7 days of age. The thermal conductivity test, using the protected hot plate method, was performed according to EN 12667, where was observed a variation of 0.61 to 1.00 W/mK. Microstructural information of the interfacial transition zone between aggregate and cement matrix were obtained with the purpose of analyzing the relationship with mechanical resistance. The investigation revealed that, with the addition of expanded clay (C05 and C15) and silica fume in the concretes, there was reduction of the density and the mechanical resistance, while the thermal characteristics improved.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772582.v1
title: Use of expanded clay and silica fume for the improvement of mechanical, physical and thermal performances of structural lightweight concretes

description: ABSTRACT In this study an investigation was carried out for the execution of concretes with high strength, low density and excellent thermal properties, in order to execute energy-efficient constructions. Structural Lightweight Concretes were studied using two different granulometries of expanded clay (C05 and C15), where the coarse aggregate was replaced by 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. To promote the maintenance of consistency and resistance, superplasticizer and silica fume were used in the mixtures. Based on the methodology used, the concretes were physically and mechanically characterized, in accordance with current national and international standards. The density of the concretes, in the hardened state, ranged from 1,787 to 2,400 kg/m³ and, for compressive strength, ranged from 26 to 53 MPa at 7 days of age. The thermal conductivity test, using the protected hot plate method, was performed according to EN 12667, where was observed a variation of 0.61 to 1.00 W/mK. Microstructural information of the interfacial transition zone between aggregate and cement matrix were obtained with the purpose of analyzing the relationship with mechanical resistance. The investigation revealed that, with the addition of expanded clay (C05 and C15) and silica fume in the concretes, there was reduction of the density and the mechanical resistance, while the thermal characteristics improved.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772579
title: Ni and Cu based catalysts supported over Hbeta - Evaluation on hydrodesoxigenation of Benzaldehyde

description: ABSTRACT The activity and selectivity evaluation of nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) catalysts supported over Hbeta in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction of benzaldehyde were studied. For this purpose, monometallic (10 wt.% of NiO or CuO) and bimetallic catalysts with 10 wt.% of NiO with different CuO (2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5 % and 10 % by wt.) were synthesized. The reaction was carried out in batch reactor with magnetic stirring at 220 °C. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption, hydrogen temperature programmed (TPR-H2), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in ultraviolet and visible regions (DRSUV-Vis), thermogravimetric analysis (TG / DTG). Results of the catalytic evaluation showed that the benzaldehyde was converted to benzyl alcohol, toluene and benzene. Ni10Cu7.5/Hbeta catalyst presented a conversion of 84.73 %, with selectivity to toluene around 91 %, presenting higher selectivity to deoxygenated products than Ni10Cu10/Hbeta, which can be related to the higher acidic sites present in the catalyst. The bimetallic catalysts were more active than the monometallic Ni and Cu. Thus the addition of Cu can contribute to a better performance of the Ni/Hbeta catalysts in the HDO reaction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772579.v1
title: Ni and Cu based catalysts supported over Hbeta - Evaluation on hydrodesoxigenation of Benzaldehyde

description: ABSTRACT The activity and selectivity evaluation of nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) catalysts supported over Hbeta in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reaction of benzaldehyde were studied. For this purpose, monometallic (10 wt.% of NiO or CuO) and bimetallic catalysts with 10 wt.% of NiO with different CuO (2.5 %, 5 %, 7.5 % and 10 % by wt.) were synthesized. The reaction was carried out in batch reactor with magnetic stirring at 220 °C. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 physisorption, hydrogen temperature programmed (TPR-H2), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in ultraviolet and visible regions (DRSUV-Vis), thermogravimetric analysis (TG / DTG). Results of the catalytic evaluation showed that the benzaldehyde was converted to benzyl alcohol, toluene and benzene. Ni10Cu7.5/Hbeta catalyst presented a conversion of 84.73 %, with selectivity to toluene around 91 %, presenting higher selectivity to deoxygenated products than Ni10Cu10/Hbeta, which can be related to the higher acidic sites present in the catalyst. The bimetallic catalysts were more active than the monometallic Ni and Cu. Thus the addition of Cu can contribute to a better performance of the Ni/Hbeta catalysts in the HDO reaction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772576
title: Cross laminated timber: technological, construction and dimensioning aspects

description: ABSTRACT Cross laminated timber panels (CLT) are formed by large-sized orthogonally arranged wood layers bonded with structural adhesive under high pressure. The cross-lamination system provides to the CLT to work as a rigid and self-supporting structural element. In addition, they are thermal and acoustic insulation and have a good resistance in fire situations. They are used as structural and closing elements in multi-floor constructions and this constructive system can be considered more sustainable, which generates less impact to the environment, compared to traditional Brazilian solutions. Wood is a renewable natural resource and when used in construction it plays an important role for the environment: storing CO2 and using low energy for its manufacture and application when compared to conventional materials used in construction such as steel, concrete and aluminum. In these structures design there is still no universally accepted analytic approach by CLT designers and manufacturers. In this work, the CLT panels used as floor or roof slabs subject to bending are dimensioned the most important methods used. The results were compared and it was concluded that the more accurate methods consider the rigidity and structural resistance of all layers. Greater precision in the designing of the CLT panels contributes to sustainable engineering as it optimizes the use of the material in the structure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772573
title: Influence of nitrogen on the cavitation erosion resistance of martensitic stainless steel

description: ABSTRACT The addition of nitrogen on stainless steels has been studied as an alternative to the production of materials which combine good mechanical properties, corrosion and wear resistance. Some nitrogen enrichment methods are supported by diffusive processes such as low and high temperatures nitriding. Among these processes, it is worth mentioning the Solution Heat Treatment after Plasma Nitriding (SHTPN), which consists in performing plasma nitriding, with the purpose of adding nitrogen to the material, followed by a solubilization heat treatment, which dissolves the nitrates, causing the nitrogen to appear in interstitial solid solution. In this paper, the SHTPN technique was applied to ASTM CA-6NM martensitic stainless steel. Plasma nitriding was performed at 630 °C for 3 hours and three different solubilization conditions were used (1200 °C for 30 minutes, 1200 °C for 1 hour e 1100 °C for 1 hour). The samples were analyzed through x-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and microhardness measurements in the transverse section of the sample. All samples had an increase in surface hardness of ASTM CA-6NM steel, and no stabilization of the austenite phase was observed in the surface area richer in nitrogen. The cavitation experiment was conducted according to the ASTM G32/09 standard, using the indirect method, in which the sample is not directly fixed on the vibrating horn. The cavitated area of the samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The treatment increased cavitation erosion resistance of all samples and differences were observed among the various solubilization conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772573.v1
title: Influence of nitrogen on the cavitation erosion resistance of martensitic stainless steel

description: ABSTRACT The addition of nitrogen on stainless steels has been studied as an alternative to the production of materials which combine good mechanical properties, corrosion and wear resistance. Some nitrogen enrichment methods are supported by diffusive processes such as low and high temperatures nitriding. Among these processes, it is worth mentioning the Solution Heat Treatment after Plasma Nitriding (SHTPN), which consists in performing plasma nitriding, with the purpose of adding nitrogen to the material, followed by a solubilization heat treatment, which dissolves the nitrates, causing the nitrogen to appear in interstitial solid solution. In this paper, the SHTPN technique was applied to ASTM CA-6NM martensitic stainless steel. Plasma nitriding was performed at 630 °C for 3 hours and three different solubilization conditions were used (1200 °C for 30 minutes, 1200 °C for 1 hour e 1100 °C for 1 hour). The samples were analyzed through x-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and microhardness measurements in the transverse section of the sample. All samples had an increase in surface hardness of ASTM CA-6NM steel, and no stabilization of the austenite phase was observed in the surface area richer in nitrogen. The cavitation experiment was conducted according to the ASTM G32/09 standard, using the indirect method, in which the sample is not directly fixed on the vibrating horn. The cavitated area of the samples was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The treatment increased cavitation erosion resistance of all samples and differences were observed among the various solubilization conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772558
title: Effect of different commercial fat sources on brain, liver and blood lipid profiles of rats in growth phase

description: Abstract Purpose: To investigate the fatty acid content of different fat sources and evaluate the effect of them on plasma and hepatic lipids and on the fatty acid profile of the brain tissue of Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty male albino Wistar rats received for 59 days, the following diets: diet added of margarine with low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA); diet added of margarine with high content of PUFA; diet added of butter; diet added of hydrogenated vegetable fat; diet added of soybean oil. Fatty acid profile of the lipid sources, blood and hepatic lipids fractions and fatty acid profile of the brain tissue were determined. Results: Margarine consumption of provided different responses as to concentrations of blood and hepatic lipid fractions. Intake of butter and hydrogenated increased LDL-c/HDL-c ratio, being the steepest increase promoted by hydrogenated vegetable fat, which also raised LDL-c levels expressively. All fats used in the treatments reduced the cerebral concentration of docosahexaenoic acid when compared to soybean oil (control). Conclusion: The different fat sources commonly consumed by population provided different responses in vivo. This is particularly relevant considering the role of these lipids in the incidence and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.