cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/tw99-3624
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - VS-Lite Model of Tree-Ring Width

description: We present a simple, efficient, process-based forward model of tree-ring growth, called Vaganov-Shashkin-Lite (VS-Lite), that requires as inputs only latitude and monthly temperature and precipitation. Simulations of six bristlecone pine ring-width chronologies demonstrate the interpretability of model output as an accurate representation of the climatic controls on growth. Ensemble simulations by VS-Lite of two networks of North American ring-width chronologies correlate with observations at higher significance levels on average than simulations formed by regression of ring width on the principal components of the same monthly climate data. VS-Lite retains more skill outside of calibration intervals than does the principal components regression approach. It captures the dominant low- and high frequency spatiotemporal ring-width signals in the network with an inhomogeneous, multivariate relationship to climate. Because continuous meteorological data are most widely available at monthly temporal resolution, our model extends the set of sites at which forward-modeling studies are possible.
description: Vaganov-Shashkin-Lite Model of Tree-Ring Width. A simple, efficient, process-based forward model of tree-ring growth, requires as inputs only latitude and monthly temperature and precipitation. Version 2.5 files added 12/2/2021.
DOI: 10.25921/tfqp-p594
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Saladyga fire data from Hite Fork, Cumberland Mountains - IMPD USHF-001

description: Background: Without periodic fire, fire-adapted plant communities across the Central Hardwood Forest Region (CHF) in the USA have undergone significant changes in forest structure and species composition, most notably a decrease in oak regeneration and herbaceous diversity and an increase in shade-tolerant, fire-sensitive tree species. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of two mixed pine-oak (Pinus-Quercus) forests with different land management histories in the Cumberland Mountains of southern West Virginia where fire ecology and fire effects are understudied. We reconstructed the fire history of both sites from fire-scarred shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata Mill.) and pitch pine (Pinus rigida Mill.) trees to describe variation in the fire regimes over time. We also made plant community measurements that spatially coincided with fire-scarred pines to assess present-day plant community structure in relation to recent fire history.

Results: Before 1970, fires at Hite Fork and Wall Fork occurred frequently and almost exclusively in the dormant season, every 7–8 years on average. The fire regimes diverged in the Post-Industrial era (1970–2020), during which there was a single fire at Wall Fork, while six major fires, scarring more than 40% of sampled trees, occurred between 1985 and 2017 at Hite Fork. Four of these dormant-season fires correspond to late fall incendiary fires in the observational record. These differences in recent fire history had large effects on plant community structure. Recent mixed-severity fires at Hite Fork likely caused mortality of pole-sized trees and opened the canopy, creating conditions favorable for pine recruitment and resulted in significantly higher species richness in the herbaceous layer compared to Wall Fork, which exhibited the effects of mesophication.

Conclusions: Our results suggest that frequent mixed-severity fire in pine-oak forests of the Cumberland Mountains can meet management objectives by reducing mesophytic tree abundance, increasing herbaceous diversity and pine recruitment, and generally promoting forest heterogeneity.
description: Sample Storage Location: Environmental Geography Lab, Concord University, Athens, West Virginia
Dating Method: Crossdated
Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable

Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/ushf-001.fhx
along with associated metadata.
DOI: 10.25574/27385
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 27385

description: Studying a Co-Evolving Cluster Population over 9 Gyr with Chandra (ACIS GTO)
DOI: 10.25921/t7ef-tv48
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Krusic - Big Kushitai - PCSH - ITRDB CHIN008

description: The Asian monsoon system affects more than half of humanity worldwide, yet the dynamical processes that govern its complex spatiotemporal variability are not sufficiently understood to model and predict its behavior, due in part to inadequate long-term climate observations. Here we present the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), a seasonally resolved gridded spatial reconstruction of Asian monsoon drought and pluvials over the past millennium, derived from a network of tree-ring chronologies. MADA provides the spatiotemporal details of known historic monsoon failures and reveals the occurrence, severity, and fingerprint of previously unknown monsoon megadroughts and their close linkages to large-scale patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperatures. MADA thus provides a long-term context for recent monsoon variability that is critically needed for climate modeling, prediction, and attribution.
description: Purpose of Collection:  
# Climatology - precipitation analysis  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.saqcez
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Apterygiformes)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-110 0,-100 0,-100 10,-110 10,-110 0))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0024550-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/t8hf-mt92
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Central Equatorial Pacific NINO3.4 850 Year SST Reconstructions

description: Reducing the uncertainties surrounding the impacts of anthropogenic climate change requires vetting general circulation models (GCMs) against long records of past natural climate variability. This is particularly challenging in the tropical Pacific, where short, sparse instrumental data preclude GCM validation on multidecadal-to-centennial timescales. In this two-part paper, we apply two statistical methodologies to a network of accurately dated tropical climate records to reconstruct sea-surface temperature (SST) variability in the NINO3.4 region over the past millennium. While part 1 described the methods and established their validity and limitations, this paper presents several reconstructions of NINO3.4, analyzes their sensitivity to procedural choices and input data, and compares them to climate forcing timeseries and previously published tropical Pacific SST reconstructions.

Our reconstructions show remarkably similar behavior at decadal to multidecadal scales, but diverge markedly on centennial scales. The amplitude of centennial variability in each reconstruction scales with the magnitude of the 1860-1995 trend in the target dataset's NINO3.4 index, with ERSSTv3>HadSST2>Kaplan -these discrepancies constitute a major source of uncertainty in reconstructing pre-instrumental NINO3.4 SST. Despite inevitable variance losses, the reconstructed multidecadal variability exceeds that simulated by a state-of-the-art GCM (forced and unforced) over the past millennium, while reconstructed centennial variability is incompatible with constant boundary conditions. Wavelet coherence analysis reveals a robust anti-phasing between solar forcing and NINO3.4 SST on bicentennial timescales, but not on shorter timescales. Implications for GCM representations of the tropical Pacific climate response to radiative forcing are then discussed.
description: 850 year reconstructions of NINO3.4 region (Central Equatorial Pacific) Sea Surface Temperatures (SST).  RegEM reconstructions of HadSST2i, Kaplan and ERSSTv3 SST's are presented. Time axis (years CE) and NINO3.4 reconstructions for 3 SST targets(ERSSTv3, HadSST2i, Kaplan). For each target, we report (a) the total (HF + LF) index ;(b) the low-frequency version (20-year lowpass filter); (c) the min and max of the jackknife ensemble (20-year lowpass filtered). Also provided are Matlab files used in the analysis: ENSO_indices.mat, JEG_graphics.mat, millennium_trop_forcings2011.mat, NINO34_proxy_database_annual_2012ds.mat, NINO34_ttls_3target_2012_proxy_db.mat, export_recons.m, hepta_figprint.m, plotTickLatex2D.m, and users_guide.m
DOI: 10.15468/dl.59hq76
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Viola elatior",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2000",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Country is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland",
 {
 "or" : [
 {
 "not" : {
 "EstablishmentMeans" : [
 "is one of (MANAGED, INTRODUCED)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "EstablishmentMeans is null"
 ]
 },
 {
 "or" : [
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters is less than 1000",
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters is null"
 ]
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0024548-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25574/28064
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 28064

description: X-ray follow-up of eROSITA selected isolated neutron star candidates
DOI: 10.25921/ts4f-2308
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Fulé fire data from Galahad Point - IMPD USGPT001

description: Fire regime characteristics of high-elevation forests on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, were reconstructed from fire scar analysis, remote sensing, tree age, and forest structure measurements, a first attempt at detailed reconstruction of the transition from surface to stand-replacing fire patterns in the Southwest. Tree densities and fire-/non-fire-initiated groups were highly mixed over the landscape, so distinct fire-created stands could not be delineated from satellite imagery or the oldest available aerial photos. Surface fires were common from 1700 to 1879 in the 4,400 ha site,  especially on S and W aspects. Fire dates frequently coincided with fire dates measured at study sites at lower elevation, suggesting that pre-1880 fire sizes may have been very large. Large fires, those scarring 25% or more of the sample trees, were relatively infrequent, averaging 31 years between burns. Four of the five major regional fire years occurred in the 1700s, followed by a 94-year gap until 1879.  Fires typically occurred in significantly dry years (Palmer Drought Stress Index), with severe drought in major regional fire years. Currently the forest is predominantly spruce-fir, mixed conifer, and aspen. In contrast, dendroecological reconstruction of past forest structure showed that the forest in 1880 was very open, corresponding closely with historical (1910) accounts of severe fires leaving partially denuded landscapes. Age structure and species composition were used to classify sampling points into fire-initiated and non-fire-initiated groups. Tree groups on nearly 60% of the plots were fire-initiated; the oldest such groups appeared to have originated after severe fires in 1782 or 1785. In 1880, all fire-initiated groups were less than 100 years old and nearly 25% of the groups were less than 20 years old. Non-fire-initiated groups were significantly older (oldest 262 years in 1880), dominated by ponderosa pine, Douglas-fir, or white fir, and occurred preferentially on S and W slopes. The mixed-severity fire regime, transitioning from lower-elevation surface fires to mixed surface and stand-replacing fire at higher elevations, appeared not to have been stable over the temporal and spatial scales of this study.  Information about historical fire regime and forest structure is valuable for managers but the information is probably less specific and stable for high-elevation forests than for low-elevation ponderosa pine forests.
description: Includes Bedivere Point.
DOI: 10.25921/tdjc-0g67
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Polar Ice Cores Annual 10Be Data for the Neutron Monitor Era

description: Cosmogenic 10Be in polar ice cores is a primary proxy for past solar activity. However, interpretation of the 10Be record is hindered by limited understanding of the physical processes governing its atmospheric transport and deposition to the ice sheets. This issue is addressed by evaluating two accurately dated, annually resolved ice core 10Be records against modern solar activity observations and instrumental and reanalysis climate data. The cores are sampled from the DSS site on Law Dome, East Antarctica (spanning 1936-2009) and the Das2 site, southeast Greenland (1936-2002), permitting inter-hemispheric comparisons. Concentrations at both DSS and Das2 are significantly correlated to the 11-yr solar cycle modulation of cosmic ray intensity, rxy = 0.54 with 95% CI [0.31; 0.70], and rxy = 0.45 with 95% CI [0.22; 0.62], respectively. For both sites, if fluxes are used instead of concentrations then correlations with solar activity decrease. The strength and spectral coherence of the solar activity signal in 10Be is enhanced when ice core records are combined from both Antarctica and Greenland. The amplitudes of the 11-yr solar cycles in the 10Be data appear inconsistent with the view that the ice sheets receive only 10Be produced at polar latitudes. Significant climate signals detected in the 10Be series include the zonal wave three pattern of atmospheric circulation at DSS, rxy = -0.36 with 95% CI [-0.57; -0.10], and the North Atlantic Oscillation at Das2, rxy = -0.42 with 95% CI [-0.64; -0.15]. The sensitivity of 10Be concentrations to modes of atmospheric circulation advises caution in the use of 10Be records from single sites in solar forcing reconstructions.
description: Annually-resolved 10Be concentrations, stable water isotope ratios and accumulation rate data from the DSS site on Law Dome, East Antarctica (spanning 1936-2009) and the Das2 site, southeast Greenland (1936-2002). A composite record constructed from these records and previously published records from NGRIP, Renland, and Dye 3 (Greenland) and Dronning Maud Land (Antarctica) is also provided. 

References for DSS data spanning 2000-2010: Pedro et al. Clim. Past 7:707; Pedro et al. JGR 116:D23120. 
Reference for the Dronning Maud Land (DML), Antarctica and Renland, Greenland records: Aldahan et al. 1996
Reference for the Dye 3, Greenland data: Beer et al. 1984
Reference for the NGRIP, Greenland data: Berggren et al. 2009

Note: All measurements are calibrated to the NIST SRM 4325 10Be standard reference material, utilising the Nishiizumi et al. (2007) 10Be:9Be ratio of (2.79 +/- 0.02) x 10^(-11)

All normalization is relative to the 1951-1984 mean of the respective records.		
Filtering refers to removal of data points exceeding 2 sigma from the respective mean.			
The composite is an evenly weighted average of the normalized and filtered records at all time steps for which there is at least one Antarctic and one Greenland data point.
DOI: 10.25574/28189
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 28189

description: An X-ray survey of radio-selected low-luminosity AGN among low-mass galaxies
DOI: 10.25921/t2xv-dh88
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Esper - Kyrgyzstan High Mur - JUSP - ITRDB KYRG007

description: We present an analysis of 28 juniper tree-ring sites sampled over the last decades by several research teams in the Tien Shan and Karakorum mountains of western central Asia. Ring-width chronologies were developed on a site-by-site basis, using a detrending technique designed to retain low-frequency climate variations. Site chronologies were grouped according to their distance from the upper timberline in the Tien Shan (~3,400 m a.s.l.) and Karakorum (~4,000 m), and low- and high-elevation composite chronologies combining data from both mountain systems developed. Comparison of these elevational subsets revealed significant coherence (r = 0.72) over the 1438–1995 common period, which is inconsistent with the concept of differing environmental signals captured in tree-ring data along elevational gradients. It is hypothesized that the uniform growth behavior in central Asian juniper trees has been forced by solar radiation variations controlled via cloud cover changes, but verification of this assumption requires further fieldwork. The high-elevation composite chronology was further compared with existing temperature reconstructions from the Karakorum and Tien Shan, and long-term trend differences discussed. We concluded that the extent of warmth during medieval times cannot be precisely estimated based on ring-width data currently available.
description: Purpose of Collection: 
# Dendroclimatology
# 
# Cores and cross-sections are stored at: 
# WSL
#  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08.
DOI: 10.25921/t8e3-rg65
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bräker - unt.Bremgartenstrasse - QUPE - ITRDB SWIT232

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/tkxp-vn12
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - PAGES2k Common Era Surface Temperature Reconstructions

description: Multidecadal surface temperature changes may be forced by natural as well as anthropogenic factors, or arise unforced from the climate system. Distinguishing these factors is essential for estimating sensitivity to multiple climatic forcings and the amplitude of the unforced variability. Here we present 2,000-year-long global mean temperature reconstructions using seven different statistical methods that draw from a global collection of temperature-sensitive palaeoclimate records. Our reconstructions display synchronous multidecadal temperature fluctuations that are coherent with one another and with fully forced millennial model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 across the Common Era. A substantial portion of pre-industrial (1300-1800 ce) variability at multidecadal timescales is attributed to volcanic aerosol forcing. Reconstructions and simulations qualitatively agree on the amplitude of the unforced global mean multidecadal temperature variability, thereby increasing confidence in future projections of climate change on these timescales. The largest warming trends at timescales of 20 years and longer occur during the second half of the twentieth century, highlighting the unusual character of the warming in recent decades.
description: PAGES2k Consortium Multiproxy global mean May-April annual average temperature reconstructions for the Commom Era. 12-Jul-2022: netCDF file - pages2k_ngeo19_recons.nc - containing all the data added to the data directory. 2-Oct-2023: pages2k_ngeo19_recons.nc updated to remove duplicate CPS_new data.
DOI: 10.25921/twd1-wj70
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Gulf of Mexico 600 Year Mg/Ca SST Reconstructions

description: We present 2 new decadal-resolution foraminiferal Mg/Ca-SST records covering the past 6-8 centuries from the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). These records provide evidence for a Little Ice Age (LIA) cooling of 2°C,consistent with a published Mg/Ca record from Pigmy Basin. Comparison of these 3 records with existing SST proxy records from the GOM-Caribbean region show that the magnitude of LIA cooling in the Atlantic Warm Pool (AWP) was significantly larger than the mean hemispheric cooling of <1°C. We propose that a reduction in the intensity and spatial extent of the AWP during the LIA, combined with associated changes in atmospheric circulation may account for the regional SST patterns observed in the GOM-Caribbean region during the LIA.
description: Foraminiferal Mg/Ca SST reconstructions from the Fisk and Garrison 
Basins in the northern Gulf of Mexico covering the last 600 years 
at decadal resolution.  Mg/Ca measurements are on the 250-300 micron 
size fraction of Globigerinoides ruber (white). 
Mg/Ca is converted to SST using the equation:  Mg/Ca=0.449exp(0.09*SST).
DOI: 10.25574/28432
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 28432

description: AO-25 Calibration Observations of E0102-72
DOI: 10.25921/t7r4-8687
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bunn - Electric Light Forest - PIBA - ITRDB CANA305

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/tbhv-7v18
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Ahmed - Puketi Forest South - AGAU - ITRDB NEWZ079

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-01.
DOI: 10.25921/tr4k-1z69
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Cook - Pembu - PIWA - ITRDB BT013

description: The Asian monsoon system affects more than half of humanity worldwide, yet the dynamical processes that govern its complex spatiotemporal variability are not sufficiently understood to model and predict its behavior, due in part to inadequate long-term climate observations. Here we present the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), a seasonally resolved gridded spatial reconstruction of Asian monsoon drought and pluvials over the past millennium, derived from a network of tree-ring chronologies. MADA provides the spatiotemporal details of known historic monsoon failures and reveals the occurrence, severity, and fingerprint of previously unknown monsoon megadroughts and their close linkages to large-scale patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperatures. MADA thus provides a long-term context for recent monsoon variability that is critically needed for climate modeling, prediction, and attribution.
description: Purpose of Collection:  
# Climatology - precipitation analysis  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.