cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279552
title: Massive online open course as a strategy for teaching medication safety

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medication errors are common and cause suffering and costs that can be prevented. The mitigation of adverse drug events is treated as a priority by the World Health Organization (WHO), which recommends including the subject of patient safety in the curricula of health profession courses to minimize harm to patients. An open and massive online course (MOOC) on safety in the medication process was developed as an educational strategy for the health area, which was made available through the SUS Virtual Learning Environment (AVASUS) in March 2018. Objective: To estimate the satisfaction and learning of the participants who finished the course. Method: Uncontrolled quasi-experimental design study. The MOOC consists of 30 hours of learning and addresses topics on safety in prescription, dispensing, administration and notification of incidents related to medications. Multiple choice questions were applied pre-and post-test to assess the participants’ level of knowledge and a satisfaction survey was answered at the end of the course. The reliability of the measurement instruments, the significance of improved knowledge and associated factors (sex, age and profession) were analyzed. Results: Of the 7,135 registered participants, from March to December 2018, 2,902 (40.7%) responded to the survey instruments. The reliability of the satisfaction questionnaire was good (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83) and the course was well evaluated as an educational strategy (96.1%). Regarding the level of knowledge, a significant increase was observed (before = 8.10; after = 8.74; p &lt;0.05) with a relative improvement of 32%. The age factor was directly associated with learning (β = 1.36; 95% CI = 0.35-2.36; p = 0.008). Conclusion: The use of MOOC proved to be effective for teaching patient safety in the medication process, a tool that can be used to insert this subject in the curricula of health profession courses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279552.v1
title: Massive online open course as a strategy for teaching medication safety

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medication errors are common and cause suffering and costs that can be prevented. The mitigation of adverse drug events is treated as a priority by the World Health Organization (WHO), which recommends including the subject of patient safety in the curricula of health profession courses to minimize harm to patients. An open and massive online course (MOOC) on safety in the medication process was developed as an educational strategy for the health area, which was made available through the SUS Virtual Learning Environment (AVASUS) in March 2018. Objective: To estimate the satisfaction and learning of the participants who finished the course. Method: Uncontrolled quasi-experimental design study. The MOOC consists of 30 hours of learning and addresses topics on safety in prescription, dispensing, administration and notification of incidents related to medications. Multiple choice questions were applied pre-and post-test to assess the participants’ level of knowledge and a satisfaction survey was answered at the end of the course. The reliability of the measurement instruments, the significance of improved knowledge and associated factors (sex, age and profession) were analyzed. Results: Of the 7,135 registered participants, from March to December 2018, 2,902 (40.7%) responded to the survey instruments. The reliability of the satisfaction questionnaire was good (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.83) and the course was well evaluated as an educational strategy (96.1%). Regarding the level of knowledge, a significant increase was observed (before = 8.10; after = 8.74; p &lt;0.05) with a relative improvement of 32%. The age factor was directly associated with learning (β = 1.36; 95% CI = 0.35-2.36; p = 0.008). Conclusion: The use of MOOC proved to be effective for teaching patient safety in the medication process, a tool that can be used to insert this subject in the curricula of health profession courses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279553
title: Community Health course load before clerkship in Brazilian medical schools

description: Abstract: Introduction: The limits of the Community Health (CH) course load (CL) before medical clerkship (MC) in undergraduate medical courses are not defined neither in the National Curriculum Guidelines nor in other documents, and have not been investigated in a comprehensive way in national studies. Objective: To analyze the community health course load before clerkship in Brazilian medical schools. Method: Cross-sectional study of schools acknowledged by the Ministry of Education, which started activities until December 31, 2017. The sites of the 323 existing schools were accessed and the schools that had their curricula available in the internet with details of the CH CL before MC were included. The variables were school geographic region and administration type, medical course CL and CH CL before MC, also including epidemiology, biostatistics and occupational health course loads. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square (Ӽ2) for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney-U (U) and Kruskal Wallis Ӽ2 tests for continuous variables. Results: Out of 323 existing medical schools, 222 were included (68.7%). Among the included schools, 83 were tuition-free (37.4%) and 139 were not (62.6%). The median of the CH CL before MC was 440.0 hours (P25-75 = 300.0 - 640.0), equivalent to 5.4% (P25-75 = 3.5 - 7.8) of the medical course CL. The median of the CH CL before MC in hours in private and municipal schools was, respectively, 480.0 (P25-75 = 330.7 - 679.2) and 576.0 (P25-75 = 360.0 - 766.0), and of state and federal schools, respectively, 337.0 (P25-75 = 281.2 - 524.2) and 370.0 (P25-75 = 300.0 - 480.0), Ӽ2(3) = 11.48, p = .009. The median of the total CH CL in non-tuition-free schools was 500.0 hours (P25-75 = 336.0 - 690.0) and in the tuition-free schools, it was 364.0 hours (P25-75 = 285.0 - 504.0), U = 4.259.0, z = -3.26, p = .001. The median of epidemiology and biostatistics CL in hours before MC in the 124 schools was 88.0 (P25-75 = 60.0 - 120.0), whereas the occupational health CL in 63 schools was 40.0 (P25-75 = 33.0 - 60.0). Conclusions: The CH CL before clerkship varies widely, being higher in non-tuition-free medical schools.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279553.v1
title: Community Health course load before clerkship in Brazilian medical schools

description: Abstract: Introduction: The limits of the Community Health (CH) course load (CL) before medical clerkship (MC) in undergraduate medical courses are not defined neither in the National Curriculum Guidelines nor in other documents, and have not been investigated in a comprehensive way in national studies. Objective: To analyze the community health course load before clerkship in Brazilian medical schools. Method: Cross-sectional study of schools acknowledged by the Ministry of Education, which started activities until December 31, 2017. The sites of the 323 existing schools were accessed and the schools that had their curricula available in the internet with details of the CH CL before MC were included. The variables were school geographic region and administration type, medical course CL and CH CL before MC, also including epidemiology, biostatistics and occupational health course loads. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson chi-square (Ӽ2) for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney-U (U) and Kruskal Wallis Ӽ2 tests for continuous variables. Results: Out of 323 existing medical schools, 222 were included (68.7%). Among the included schools, 83 were tuition-free (37.4%) and 139 were not (62.6%). The median of the CH CL before MC was 440.0 hours (P25-75 = 300.0 - 640.0), equivalent to 5.4% (P25-75 = 3.5 - 7.8) of the medical course CL. The median of the CH CL before MC in hours in private and municipal schools was, respectively, 480.0 (P25-75 = 330.7 - 679.2) and 576.0 (P25-75 = 360.0 - 766.0), and of state and federal schools, respectively, 337.0 (P25-75 = 281.2 - 524.2) and 370.0 (P25-75 = 300.0 - 480.0), Ӽ2(3) = 11.48, p = .009. The median of the total CH CL in non-tuition-free schools was 500.0 hours (P25-75 = 336.0 - 690.0) and in the tuition-free schools, it was 364.0 hours (P25-75 = 285.0 - 504.0), U = 4.259.0, z = -3.26, p = .001. The median of epidemiology and biostatistics CL in hours before MC in the 124 schools was 88.0 (P25-75 = 60.0 - 120.0), whereas the occupational health CL in 63 schools was 40.0 (P25-75 = 33.0 - 60.0). Conclusions: The CH CL before clerkship varies widely, being higher in non-tuition-free medical schools.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279554
title: Content analysis of two Brazilian external evaluations of medical programs: ENADE and REVALIDA

description: Abstract: Introduction: Enade is a cognitive test that evaluates the performance of undergraduate programs through its students. Revalida is a specific exam for graduates from foreign medicine programs. Despite having different functions, the two tests assess the same target audience and can be considered analogous. Objective: The objective was to identify and compare the contents of ENADE and REVALIDA. Methods: a descriptive study that compared the contents of ENADE 2013 and 2016 and REVALIDA 2015 and 2016 with reference to the contents of the REVALIDA Curriculum Correspondence Matrix (RCCM). In the first stage of the study, two doctors, professors of Medicine, independently analyzed the items of the four tests and listed the contents covered in the statements and alternatives. The results were subsequently consolidated. The content analysis of the exams was carried out using frequency distribution of the concentration areas and the themes according to the test and comparison between the areas of concentration and themes that coincided in each test. Results: considering the 46 areas of concentration of the RCCM, 10 areas were not covered in ENADE 2013, six in Enade 2016 and two in Revalida 2015. Revalida 2016 covered all areas. Regarding the 749 specific themes of the RCCM, the two editions of Enade, together, addressed 241 (32.2%) of them, whereas the two editions of Revalida addressed 468 (62.5%) themes. Analysis of the topics covered showed that of the 241 of Enade, 45 were common to both editions, while 247 of a total of 468 were addressed in both editions of Revalida. When considering repetition of the same topic in each edition of each exam, it was found that around 80.0% of the topics were considered only once in the two editions of ENADE compared to 50.0% in the editions of Revalida. Conclusion: the results indicate that ENADE has a lower content validity than Revalida. There was also a concentration in specific groups of themes, and repetition of a small group of themes in the analyzed editions of ENADE, which also reduces the reliability of the exam.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279554.v1
title: Content analysis of two Brazilian external evaluations of medical programs: ENADE and REVALIDA

description: Abstract: Introduction: Enade is a cognitive test that evaluates the performance of undergraduate programs through its students. Revalida is a specific exam for graduates from foreign medicine programs. Despite having different functions, the two tests assess the same target audience and can be considered analogous. Objective: The objective was to identify and compare the contents of ENADE and REVALIDA. Methods: a descriptive study that compared the contents of ENADE 2013 and 2016 and REVALIDA 2015 and 2016 with reference to the contents of the REVALIDA Curriculum Correspondence Matrix (RCCM). In the first stage of the study, two doctors, professors of Medicine, independently analyzed the items of the four tests and listed the contents covered in the statements and alternatives. The results were subsequently consolidated. The content analysis of the exams was carried out using frequency distribution of the concentration areas and the themes according to the test and comparison between the areas of concentration and themes that coincided in each test. Results: considering the 46 areas of concentration of the RCCM, 10 areas were not covered in ENADE 2013, six in Enade 2016 and two in Revalida 2015. Revalida 2016 covered all areas. Regarding the 749 specific themes of the RCCM, the two editions of Enade, together, addressed 241 (32.2%) of them, whereas the two editions of Revalida addressed 468 (62.5%) themes. Analysis of the topics covered showed that of the 241 of Enade, 45 were common to both editions, while 247 of a total of 468 were addressed in both editions of Revalida. When considering repetition of the same topic in each edition of each exam, it was found that around 80.0% of the topics were considered only once in the two editions of ENADE compared to 50.0% in the editions of Revalida. Conclusion: the results indicate that ENADE has a lower content validity than Revalida. There was also a concentration in specific groups of themes, and repetition of a small group of themes in the analyzed editions of ENADE, which also reduces the reliability of the exam.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279555
title: Translation and transcultural adaptation of the Professional Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) for use on medical residents

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medical Professionalism refers to several attributes, values, behaviors, responsibilities and commitments of physicians in relation to their patients and society. Professionalism translates today as a new competence composed of the medical skill set that should be demonstrated, taught and evaluated during the training of these professionals. The Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) is a medical professionalism evaluation tool created in Canada in 2006 and validated for use in Japan, Finland and Iran, having demonstrated its validity, reliability and reproducibility in these countries. Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a version of this instrument in Portuguese and adapt it transculturally to be used in Brazil. Method: The translation and transcultural adaptation was made according to the International Test Commission (ITC) - 2nd edition 2017 guidelines. The following steps were taken: translation into Portuguese by two fluent English-speaking Brazilian physicians, review of the translation by a Review Committee, backtranslation by two English teachers from English speaking countries, review of the backtranslation by a Review Committee, approval of the backtranslation by the original author of the questionnaire and, finally, application of the agreeded final form of the instrument to the target population to evaluate its clarity, understandability and acceptability. Results: The final Portuguese form was considered suitable, constituting the final Portuguese version of the Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX). The entire process was conducted in accordance with classically used international guidelines, including the final approval of the author of the original form, reasserting that the validity of the new adapted version of the form matches that of the original. Conclusion: In view of the lack of instruments to measure medical professionalism in Brazil, translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the P-MEX for use in the country was carried out, to be used to stimulate a more appropriate professional practice for patients and society.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279559
title: Pedagogical strategies in medical education to the challenges of Covid-19: scoping review

description: Abstract: Introduction: The challenges brought by the continuity of the university teaching-learning process in the face of the measures to combat the pandemic of COVID-19 made the debate on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in medical education more important. Several strategies were used by teachers worldwide to continue their teaching activities. Objective: to investigate the strategies and uses of ICT in medical education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Five databases were systematically assessed, using the terms “COVID-19”, “medical education”, “higher education” and “students”, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, resulting in 321 initial citations, with 18 final references after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Four key topics were identified in the literature: (1) Challenges for Medical Education prior to COVID-19; (2) Challenges in migrating to remote education; (3) Strategies to overcome challenges related to the learning environment; and (4) Strategies to overcome challenges related to assessments and exams. Conclusion: The use of ICT in medical education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic showed to be especially important, with considerations regarding the improvement in areas that were already used, the migration of some more articulated areas and experiences in clinical and procedural disciplines. There was also concern about the impacts of using ICT to replace the in-person presence of students in medical learning environments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279563.v1
title: Experience of the rapid implementation of a pioneering telehealth service during the COVID-19 crisis

description: Abstract: Introduction: Based on a national ordinance that regulates and operationalizes telemedicine as one of the measures to cope with the public health emergency resulting from the COVID-19 epidemic, a partnership was established between the federal university and municipal management for the rapid implementation of the telehealth service for COVID-19. Experience report: Experience report on the implementation process of the specific telehealth service for COVID-19, a partnership between the academy and the service. Discussion: The implementation process requires team sizing, physical space and technological resources, training and continuous education of the team to align the actions, for the agreement and articulation of the call center and telemonitoring flowchart with the local health network at all levels of care, disclosure of the service to the population, attention to ethical aspects, criteria for issuing documents, standing out and integration of the team regarding the clinical approach in teleconsultation and telemonitoring. Conclusion: The experience of implementing the Telehealth Covid service in 27 days is reported in this article, and it is likely to be replicated by other municipalities, as a contingency measure due to COVID-19. The significant number of visits, the social mission of the public university and its articulation with the local health system stand out after two months of operation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279555.v1
title: Translation and transcultural adaptation of the Professional Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) for use on medical residents

description: Abstract: Introduction: Medical Professionalism refers to several attributes, values, behaviors, responsibilities and commitments of physicians in relation to their patients and society. Professionalism translates today as a new competence composed of the medical skill set that should be demonstrated, taught and evaluated during the training of these professionals. The Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX) is a medical professionalism evaluation tool created in Canada in 2006 and validated for use in Japan, Finland and Iran, having demonstrated its validity, reliability and reproducibility in these countries. Objective: The objective of this study is to develop a version of this instrument in Portuguese and adapt it transculturally to be used in Brazil. Method: The translation and transcultural adaptation was made according to the International Test Commission (ITC) - 2nd edition 2017 guidelines. The following steps were taken: translation into Portuguese by two fluent English-speaking Brazilian physicians, review of the translation by a Review Committee, backtranslation by two English teachers from English speaking countries, review of the backtranslation by a Review Committee, approval of the backtranslation by the original author of the questionnaire and, finally, application of the agreeded final form of the instrument to the target population to evaluate its clarity, understandability and acceptability. Results: The final Portuguese form was considered suitable, constituting the final Portuguese version of the Professionalism Mini-Evaluation Exercise (P-MEX). The entire process was conducted in accordance with classically used international guidelines, including the final approval of the author of the original form, reasserting that the validity of the new adapted version of the form matches that of the original. Conclusion: In view of the lack of instruments to measure medical professionalism in Brazil, translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the P-MEX for use in the country was carried out, to be used to stimulate a more appropriate professional practice for patients and society.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279557
title: Association between emotional intelligence and empathy among medical students: a single center cross-sectional study, Brazil, 2019

description: Abstract: Introduction: Emotional intelligence (EI) and empathy are two essential skills for person-centered Medicine. Objectives: To evaluate the association between EI and empathy and to assess whether sociodemographic factors and year at the medical school influence the level of EI and empathy. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in medical students from a private educational institution in the city of São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil. EI levels were assessed using the Schutte Self-report Emotional Intelligence Test and empathy levels were assessed using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (student version). All volunteers signed the Informed Consent Form before inclusion in the study. The statistical analysis used mean values, standard deviation, frequency distribution, Student’s t test, Pearson’s correlation, and linear regression. A significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: From August 5 to 30, 2019, 193 volunteers, corresponding to 85.8% of the total population, agreed to participate in the study. The total EI (129.8 ± 13.3) and empathy (121.2 ± 11.6) observed scores were high. EI scores were influenced only by age (padjusted = 0.018). Students attending more advanced semesters had higher total empathy scores (padjusted = 0.013). Students whose parents did not have a higher education degree also had a higher total empathy score (padjusted = 0.031). A moderate positive correlation was observed between the total EI and empathy scores ( ρ =0.304, p&lt;0.001) and between the total empathy score and the EI domain Managing Others’ Emotions ( ρ =0.300, p&lt;0.001). A weak positive correlation was also observed between the total EI score and most of the empathy domains. Conclusion: A positive correlation between emotional intelligence and empathy was observed. The age influenced EI and the year of medical school and parental schooling influenced empathy.