DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18355253
title: Dataset - Evolution by ecological fitting: Host traits, not parasite history, structure an asymmetrical ant-phorid interaction network

description: Supplementary Material

1. Supplementary Tables

Table S1: Statistical Results of Comparative and Phylogenetic Analyses (PGLMM, Mantel, and Phylogenetic Signal). Contains results from PGLMMs, Mantel tests, and phylogenetic signal analyses (Pagel's λ). Sheets 1-10 provide input data, model outputs, and pairwise correlation matrices for both ant- and phorid-centric models.

●      Sheet 1 (Metazoan Parasite Scope List): List of phorid genera for the narrow-scope analysis, classified as "Ant_Parasite" or "Other_Metazoan_Parasite."

●      Sheet 2 (Binary Trait Phylogenetic Signal): Statistical results (λ and p-values) from phytools::phylosig analyses for ant and phorid binary traits.

●      Sheet 3 (Ant PGLMM Coefficient Table): Coefficient table (estimates, standard errors, p-values) for the ant-centric PGLMM (Figure 5a).

●      Sheet 4 (Ant PGLMM Input Data): The final, aligned, and scaled dataset used as input for the ant-centric PGLMM.

●      Sheet 5 (Ant Mantel Test R-values): Pairwise Mantel test R-values for ant predictor variables (Figure S2).

●      Sheet 6 (Ant Mantel Test p-values): Pairwise Mantel test p-values for ant predictor variables (Figure S2).

●      Sheet 7 (Phorid PGLMM Coefficient Table): Coefficient table (estimates, standard errors, p-values) for the phorid-centric PGLMM (Figure 5b).

●      Sheet 8 (Phorid PGLMM Input Data): The final, aligned, and scaled dataset used as input for the phorid-centric PGLMM.

●      Sheet 9 (Phorid Mantel Test R-values): Pairwise Mantel test R-values for phorid predictor variables (Figure S3).

●      Sheet 10 (Phorid Mantel Test p-values): Pairwise Mantel test p-values for phorid predictor variables (Figure S3).

Table S2: Host-Parasite Interaction Matrices and Network Structure Metrics. Contains the final aligned interaction matrices and quantitative network analysis results. Sheets 1-6 include network-level metrics (modularity, nestedness), genus-level data for host and parasite perspectives, and the final binary and count interaction matrices.

Table S3: Aligned Pairwise Distance Matrices. Contains the final aligned distance matrices used for Mantel tests and ParaFit analyses. Sheets 1-7 provide pairwise distance matrices for ant (‘Chemistry’, ‘Geography’, ‘Phylogeny’, ‘Taxonomy’) and phorid (‘Geography’, ‘Phylogeny’, ‘Taxonomy’) predictor variables.

Table S4: Compound Structural Similarity (Tanimoto) Matrix. Pairwise Tanimoto similarity matrix for all 402 unique chemical compounds used to construct the chemical dendrogram (chemogram) shown in Figure 4.

Table S5: Phorid Genus Chemical Niche Trait Data. Phorid genus niche traits, linking each genus to its mean host chemical profile scores (PCA axes) and its host ant species count. This data was used for the phylogenetic signal analyses in Figure 1. 

2. Supplementary Phylogenetic Trees (.nwk)

File S1: Ant Molecular Phylogeny (N=26 genera). Used as the random effect in the ant-centric PGLMM (Figure 5a).

File S2: Phorid Molecular Phylogeny (N=13 genera). Used as the random effect in the phorid-centric PGLMM (Figure 5b).

File S3: Phorid Narrow-Scope Molecular Tree (N=16 genera). Used for the binary trait phylogenetic signal test (Table 1).

File S4: Phorid Narrow-Scope Taxonomic Tree (N=66 genera). Used for the binary trait phylogenetic signal test (Table 1).

File S5: Ant Chemical Guild Tree (Chemogram) (N=43 genera). Clusters ant genera by Bray-Curtis distance of their shared chemical guilds.

File S6: Chemical Compound Dendrogram (N=402 compounds). Clusters unique chemical compounds based on Tanimoto structural similarity (Visualized in Figure 4).

3. Supplementary Figures

Figure S1: Phylogenetic and Taxonomic Context of Genera. A four-panel figure displaying the full molecular and taxonomic trees for ants and phorids, with genera present in the curated database highlighted. (a) Full Ant Molecular Tree, (b) Ant Taxonomic Tree, (c) Full Phorid Molecular Tree, and (d) Phorid Taxonomic Tree.

Figure S2: Ant Predictor Variable Correlation Heatmap (Mantel Test). Heatmap of pairwise Mantel test $R$-values for ant predictor variables (‘Phylogeny’, ‘Taxonomy’, ‘Chemistry’, ‘Geography’). Non-significant correlations (p > 0.05) are marked with a cross. Supports collinearity assessment.

Figure S3: Phorid Predictor Variable Correlation Heatmap (Mantel Test). Heatmap of pairwise Mantel test R-values for phorid predictor variables (‘Phylogeny’, ‘Taxonomy’, ‘Geography’). Non-significant correlations (p > 0.05) are marked with a cross.

Figure S4: Cophylogenetic Tanglegrams. Four tanglegrams using maximized datasets, plotting all four combinations of ‘Ant’ vs. ‘Phorid’ molecular and taxonomic trees to visualize congruence and host-parasite association patterns.