cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29775061
title: Global, regional, and national trends in colorectal cancer from 2010 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health challenge due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Understanding its epidemiological trends is essential for informing prevention and intervention strategies. This study analyzed global, regional, and national CRC data from 2010 to 2021, focusing on age-standardized incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and associated risk factors. Data was sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 and stratified by the Sociodemographic Index (SDI). Globally, CRC incidence increased by 35.91% from 1,614,410 cases in 2010 to 2,194,143 cases in 2021. The mortality rate decreased from 13.37 per 100,000 in 2010 to 12.40 per 100,000 in 2021. DALY increased by 23.94%, yet the age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) decreased by 6.88%. Notably, high SDI regions showed a downward trend in incidence and mortality, while high-middle SDI regions experienced increasing incidence but decreasing mortality. In 2021, the highest incidence was in the Netherlands (69.80 per 100,000), and the highest mortality was in Uruguay (27.46 per 100,000). Dietary and metabolic risk factors significantly contributed to CRC burden across all SDI levels. The study reveals a complex epidemiological landscape of CRC, marked by rising incidence but declining mortality globally. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, particularly in high-risk regions and younger populations, focusing on modifiable lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. Continuous monitoring and tailored prevention strategies are critical to reducing the global burden of CRC. There are significant differences in the global burden of colorectal cancer across age, sex, and region.The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of colorectal cancer are higher in males than in females, with the highest proportion in the age group over 70 years old.Dietary and lifestyle factors are the main contributors to the burden of colorectal cancer. There are significant differences in the global burden of colorectal cancer across age, sex, and region. The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of colorectal cancer are higher in males than in females, with the highest proportion in the age group over 70 years old. Dietary and lifestyle factors are the main contributors to the burden of colorectal cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29551940
title: Development of a machine learning prognostic model for early prediction of scrub typhus progression at hospital admission based on clinical and laboratory features

description: Scrub typhus (ST) is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>. Early prediction of whether the disease will progress to a severe state is crucial for clinicians to provide targeted medical care in advance. This study retrospectively collected severe and mild ST cases in two hospitals in Fujian Province, China from 2011 to 2022. Eighteen objective clinical and laboratory features collected at admission were screened using various feature selection algorithms, and used to construct models based on six machine learning algorithms. The model based on Gradient Boosting Decision Tree using 14 features screened by Recursive Feature Elimination was evaluated as the optimal one. The model showed high accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F-1 score, and area under receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.975, 0.967, 0.983, 0.966, 0.975, and 0.981, respectively, indicating its possible clinical application. Additionally, a simplified model based on Support Vector Machine was constructed and evaluated as an alternative optimal model. This study is the first to use machine learning algorithms to accurately predict the developments of ST patients upon admission to hospitals. The models can help clinicians assess the potential risks of their patients early on, thereby improving patient outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29551940.v1
title: Development of a machine learning prognostic model for early prediction of scrub typhus progression at hospital admission based on clinical and laboratory features

description: Scrub typhus (ST) is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by <i>Orientia tsutsugamushi</i>. Early prediction of whether the disease will progress to a severe state is crucial for clinicians to provide targeted medical care in advance. This study retrospectively collected severe and mild ST cases in two hospitals in Fujian Province, China from 2011 to 2022. Eighteen objective clinical and laboratory features collected at admission were screened using various feature selection algorithms, and used to construct models based on six machine learning algorithms. The model based on Gradient Boosting Decision Tree using 14 features screened by Recursive Feature Elimination was evaluated as the optimal one. The model showed high accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, F-1 score, and area under receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.975, 0.967, 0.983, 0.966, 0.975, and 0.981, respectively, indicating its possible clinical application. Additionally, a simplified model based on Support Vector Machine was constructed and evaluated as an alternative optimal model. This study is the first to use machine learning algorithms to accurately predict the developments of ST patients upon admission to hospitals. The models can help clinicians assess the potential risks of their patients early on, thereby improving patient outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29775061.v1
title: Global, regional, and national trends in colorectal cancer from 2010 to 2021: an analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global health challenge due to its high incidence and mortality rates. Understanding its epidemiological trends is essential for informing prevention and intervention strategies. This study analyzed global, regional, and national CRC data from 2010 to 2021, focusing on age-standardized incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and associated risk factors. Data was sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 and stratified by the Sociodemographic Index (SDI). Globally, CRC incidence increased by 35.91% from 1,614,410 cases in 2010 to 2,194,143 cases in 2021. The mortality rate decreased from 13.37 per 100,000 in 2010 to 12.40 per 100,000 in 2021. DALY increased by 23.94%, yet the age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) decreased by 6.88%. Notably, high SDI regions showed a downward trend in incidence and mortality, while high-middle SDI regions experienced increasing incidence but decreasing mortality. In 2021, the highest incidence was in the Netherlands (69.80 per 100,000), and the highest mortality was in Uruguay (27.46 per 100,000). Dietary and metabolic risk factors significantly contributed to CRC burden across all SDI levels. The study reveals a complex epidemiological landscape of CRC, marked by rising incidence but declining mortality globally. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, particularly in high-risk regions and younger populations, focusing on modifiable lifestyle and socioeconomic factors. Continuous monitoring and tailored prevention strategies are critical to reducing the global burden of CRC. There are significant differences in the global burden of colorectal cancer across age, sex, and region.The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of colorectal cancer are higher in males than in females, with the highest proportion in the age group over 70 years old.Dietary and lifestyle factors are the main contributors to the burden of colorectal cancer. There are significant differences in the global burden of colorectal cancer across age, sex, and region. The incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years of colorectal cancer are higher in males than in females, with the highest proportion in the age group over 70 years old. Dietary and lifestyle factors are the main contributors to the burden of colorectal cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30585984
title: Knowledge and awareness factors affecting kidney function and chronic kidney disease among the general population in the West Bank, Palestine: an online cross-sectional study

description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a growing burden in Palestine’s West Bank; however, public awareness remains unassessed. This study evaluated the knowledge of kidney function, CKD risk factors, symptoms, prevention, and treatment among Palestinians and identified the predictors of awareness. An online cross-sectional survey of 592 adults (≥18 years) was conducted in 11 West Bank cities (August–September 2024). A validated Arabic questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics and CKD knowledge. Reliability was confirmed through pilot testing. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of high knowledge (≥70% score threshold). Only 35.135% of the respondents had attended CKD seminars. Attendees exhibited significantly higher overall knowledge than non-attendees (70.673% vs. 38.021%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Key gaps included knowledge of kidney metabolic functions (31.250% vs. 17.708%), CKD stages (36.058% vs. 10.677%), and medication-based treatment (75.962% vs. 62.760%). Regression revealed higher odds of high knowledge among seminar attendees (aOR = 4.00, 95% CI: 2.82–5.67), adults &gt;50 years (aOR = 5.56, 95% CI: 3.12–9.91), and females (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.05–2.59). Social media (25.636%) and academic materials (28.390%) were the primary information sources. CKD knowledge gaps are prevalent in the West Bank, particularly regarding early symptoms and non-dialysis treatment. Educational seminars significantly improve awareness, but their reach remains limited. Future interventions should prioritize accessible community-based education, digital campaigns targeting youth, and screenings for high-risk groups. Further research should explore barriers among older populations and evaluate targeted awareness initiatives to address these issues.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30585984.v1
title: Knowledge and awareness factors affecting kidney function and chronic kidney disease among the general population in the West Bank, Palestine: an online cross-sectional study

description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a growing burden in Palestine’s West Bank; however, public awareness remains unassessed. This study evaluated the knowledge of kidney function, CKD risk factors, symptoms, prevention, and treatment among Palestinians and identified the predictors of awareness. An online cross-sectional survey of 592 adults (≥18 years) was conducted in 11 West Bank cities (August–September 2024). A validated Arabic questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics and CKD knowledge. Reliability was confirmed through pilot testing. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of high knowledge (≥70% score threshold). Only 35.135% of the respondents had attended CKD seminars. Attendees exhibited significantly higher overall knowledge than non-attendees (70.673% vs. 38.021%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Key gaps included knowledge of kidney metabolic functions (31.250% vs. 17.708%), CKD stages (36.058% vs. 10.677%), and medication-based treatment (75.962% vs. 62.760%). Regression revealed higher odds of high knowledge among seminar attendees (aOR = 4.00, 95% CI: 2.82–5.67), adults &gt;50 years (aOR = 5.56, 95% CI: 3.12–9.91), and females (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.05–2.59). Social media (25.636%) and academic materials (28.390%) were the primary information sources. CKD knowledge gaps are prevalent in the West Bank, particularly regarding early symptoms and non-dialysis treatment. Educational seminars significantly improve awareness, but their reach remains limited. Future interventions should prioritize accessible community-based education, digital campaigns targeting youth, and screenings for high-risk groups. Further research should explore barriers among older populations and evaluate targeted awareness initiatives to address these issues.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30427361
title: Trends and projections of ischemic heart disease burden in the Belt and Road countries and China from 1990 to 2021: a study based on the 2021 global burden of disease

description: To assess the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Belt and Road Initiative countries from 1990 to 2021 and to predict future trends. Utilizing data from GBD 2021, we analyzed incidence, mortality, and other indicators using Joinpoint analysis, NetDrift methodology, age-period-cohort models, and Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) predictive modeling. In 2021, China bore the heaviest IHD burden with an incidence of 7.3 million cases and a mortality rate of 1.96 million. The United Arab Emirates experienced over a tenfold increase in incidence/prevalence rates, while Djibouti saw a fivefold rise in deaths/DALYs. Uzbekistan’s standardized incidence rate increased by 107.2%, and Lesotho’s mortality rate rose by 78.7%. A higher proportion of affected individuals were male or aged over 60 years; aging populations and demographic growth emerged as primary driving factors. Low/medium-low SDI regions exhibited significant potential for improvement; emerging risks included renal insufficiency and low grain diets. Projections indicate that by 2046, the number of IHD cases in China may exceed 14,410,378 individuals, highlighting a severe prevention and control challenge. The burden of IHD demonstrates regional disparities characterized by the interplay between traditional risk factors and emerging threats. It is recommended to establish a stratified governance framework that enhances cross-national data sharing and facilitates the transfer of digital health technologies to optimize cardiovascular disease prevention strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30427361.v1
title: Trends and projections of ischemic heart disease burden in the Belt and Road countries and China from 1990 to 2021: a study based on the 2021 global burden of disease

description: To assess the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Belt and Road Initiative countries from 1990 to 2021 and to predict future trends. Utilizing data from GBD 2021, we analyzed incidence, mortality, and other indicators using Joinpoint analysis, NetDrift methodology, age-period-cohort models, and Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) predictive modeling. In 2021, China bore the heaviest IHD burden with an incidence of 7.3 million cases and a mortality rate of 1.96 million. The United Arab Emirates experienced over a tenfold increase in incidence/prevalence rates, while Djibouti saw a fivefold rise in deaths/DALYs. Uzbekistan’s standardized incidence rate increased by 107.2%, and Lesotho’s mortality rate rose by 78.7%. A higher proportion of affected individuals were male or aged over 60 years; aging populations and demographic growth emerged as primary driving factors. Low/medium-low SDI regions exhibited significant potential for improvement; emerging risks included renal insufficiency and low grain diets. Projections indicate that by 2046, the number of IHD cases in China may exceed 14,410,378 individuals, highlighting a severe prevention and control challenge. The burden of IHD demonstrates regional disparities characterized by the interplay between traditional risk factors and emerging threats. It is recommended to establish a stratified governance framework that enhances cross-national data sharing and facilitates the transfer of digital health technologies to optimize cardiovascular disease prevention strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28016105
title: L3-SMI as a predictor of overall survival in oesophageal cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy

description: Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1), as an immunotherapy target, has been increasingly used in tumour therapies. But as reactions and outcomes to PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy vary individually, it is primarily important to identify an ideal indicator for predicting the therapeutic effectiveness in individual patients. Oesophageal cancer (EC) patients often have difficulty eating due to tumour blockage of the oesophagus, leading to malnutrition and muscle loss. Sarcopenia is one of the influencing factors for poor prognosis in tumour patients, but its role in PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy of EC patients is not fully clarified. In this study, we aimed to explore the prognostic significance of Sarcopenia measured by CT in EC patients treated with PD-1 antibody combined with chemotherapy. The third lumbar skeletal muscle mass index (L3-SMI) was obtained from 83 EC patients before and 3 months after administration of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy using conventional CT scans. Baseline L3-SMI and 3-month L3-SMI values were found not suitable for predicting the overall survival (OS) of EC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.32 & <i>p</i> = 0.055). Longitudinal change in L3-SMI (ΔL3-SMI) during PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy was identified as a relevant marker of OS in univariable analysis (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96–1.00, <i>p</i> = 0.042) and multivariable analysis (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93–0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.02). L3-SMI-positive patients generally had better OS (<i>p</i> = 0.041). Excessive muscle loss rather than muscle loss before and after administration of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor for therapeutic outcomes and OS in EC patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28016105.v1
title: L3-SMI as a predictor of overall survival in oesophageal cancer patients receiving PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy

description: Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1), as an immunotherapy target, has been increasingly used in tumour therapies. But as reactions and outcomes to PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy vary individually, it is primarily important to identify an ideal indicator for predicting the therapeutic effectiveness in individual patients. Oesophageal cancer (EC) patients often have difficulty eating due to tumour blockage of the oesophagus, leading to malnutrition and muscle loss. Sarcopenia is one of the influencing factors for poor prognosis in tumour patients, but its role in PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy of EC patients is not fully clarified. In this study, we aimed to explore the prognostic significance of Sarcopenia measured by CT in EC patients treated with PD-1 antibody combined with chemotherapy. The third lumbar skeletal muscle mass index (L3-SMI) was obtained from 83 EC patients before and 3 months after administration of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy using conventional CT scans. Baseline L3-SMI and 3-month L3-SMI values were found not suitable for predicting the overall survival (OS) of EC patients (<i>p</i> = 0.32 & <i>p</i> = 0.055). Longitudinal change in L3-SMI (ΔL3-SMI) during PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy was identified as a relevant marker of OS in univariable analysis (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96–1.00, <i>p</i> = 0.042) and multivariable analysis (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93–0.99, <i>p</i> = 0.02). L3-SMI-positive patients generally had better OS (<i>p</i> = 0.041). Excessive muscle loss rather than muscle loss before and after administration of PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor for therapeutic outcomes and OS in EC patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29606127
title: The impact of extreme air pollution on preterm birth in twin pregnancies: identifying susceptible exposure windows

description: Accelerated industrialization globally has intensified air pollution, but the susceptibility periods for extreme air pollution in twin pregnancies remain undefined. This study investigated the association between extreme air pollution exposure and preterm birth risk in twin pregnancies. Data on 3623 twin pregnancies in Chongqing from 2017 to 2022 and air pollution readings from 12 monitoring stations were analyzed using distributed lag non-linear quasi-Poisson regression models. Additionally, four extreme air pollution indices were developed to assess the cumulative effects of lagged exposures on preterm birth risk through multivariate logistic regression. Compared to the lower quartile, the 95th percentile of extreme air pollution exposure showed a positive correlation between concentrations of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub> and CO and preterm birth risk in twin pregnancies, with O<sub>3</sub> inversely correlated. Sensitive periods for air pollutants were different. 8–12 and 27–35 gestational weeks were identified for PM<sub>2.5</sub>; 6–13 and 27–35 gestational weeks were identified for PM<sub>10</sub>; 5–14 and 21–33 gestational weeks were identified for NO<sub>2</sub>; 4–15 and 24–36 gestational weeks were identified for SO<sub>2</sub>; 4–11 and 29–33 gestational weeks were identified for CO. PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> showed cumulative effects across short and long lags, while CO showed a long-term effect. Notably, NO<sub>2</sub> exhibited a protective effect during all lag periods. The study highlights gestational windows of 8–11 and 29–33 weeks as highly sensitive to extreme pollution for preterm birth in twin pregnancies, with marked risk increases during 0–3, 0–6 and 0–9-month lag periods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29606127.v1
title: The impact of extreme air pollution on preterm birth in twin pregnancies: identifying susceptible exposure windows

description: Accelerated industrialization globally has intensified air pollution, but the susceptibility periods for extreme air pollution in twin pregnancies remain undefined. This study investigated the association between extreme air pollution exposure and preterm birth risk in twin pregnancies. Data on 3623 twin pregnancies in Chongqing from 2017 to 2022 and air pollution readings from 12 monitoring stations were analyzed using distributed lag non-linear quasi-Poisson regression models. Additionally, four extreme air pollution indices were developed to assess the cumulative effects of lagged exposures on preterm birth risk through multivariate logistic regression. Compared to the lower quartile, the 95th percentile of extreme air pollution exposure showed a positive correlation between concentrations of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub> and CO and preterm birth risk in twin pregnancies, with O<sub>3</sub> inversely correlated. Sensitive periods for air pollutants were different. 8–12 and 27–35 gestational weeks were identified for PM<sub>2.5</sub>; 6–13 and 27–35 gestational weeks were identified for PM<sub>10</sub>; 5–14 and 21–33 gestational weeks were identified for NO<sub>2</sub>; 4–15 and 24–36 gestational weeks were identified for SO<sub>2</sub>; 4–11 and 29–33 gestational weeks were identified for CO. PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> showed cumulative effects across short and long lags, while CO showed a long-term effect. Notably, NO<sub>2</sub> exhibited a protective effect during all lag periods. The study highlights gestational windows of 8–11 and 29–33 weeks as highly sensitive to extreme pollution for preterm birth in twin pregnancies, with marked risk increases during 0–3, 0–6 and 0–9-month lag periods.