DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4d9s2
title: Data from: Functional traits associated with the establishment of introduced Phytophthora spp. in Swedish forests

description: 1. Invasive forest pathogens of the genus Phytophthora are threatening
 ecosystems globally. Phytophthora species are mainly introduced by humans
 importing infected nursery stock. However, due to the presence of
 environmental filters, not all introduced Phytophthoras manage to
 establish and spread. Some Phytophthoras’ ability to overcome these
 filters may be linked to functional traits. In Northern Europe, the
 increasing number of reports calls for a better understanding of the
 invasion process to prevent future outbreaks. 2. We hypothesized that the
 incidence of invasive Phytophthoras in urban locations would be higher
 than in remote forests, that there would be a decrease of species richness
 along the invasion process because of environmental filtering, and that
 there would be a functional shift among Phytophthora communities between
 stages of invasion. We compared the species composition of 96 plots from
 16 rivers running through areas that constitute a gradient of human
 influence. We also compared the species composition and functional
 diversity of Phytophthora communities in 8 nurseries and 14 forests,
 including anthropogenic and natural forests. Phytophthoras were isolated
 from river water, soil, and/or plant tissue. Cultures were identified
 based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region. 3. Three
 Phytophthoras were detected in all environments (P. cactorum, P.
 plurivora, and P. cambivora). Their incidence was higher in urban
 locations than in remote forests, supporting the role of human activity as
 a driver of invasion. Most of the Phytophthoras detected in forests were
 detected in nurseries. The Phytophthora community in nurseries was richer
 and more diverse than in forests, pointing to environmental filtering
 affecting the establishment. Phytophthora communities in nurseries and
 forests differed in their functional divergence. Traits associated with
 establishment were the ability to form asexual survival structures and
 lower cardinal temperatures for growth. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our
 findings support the view that human activities act as drivers of
 Phytophthora invasions, and suggest that Phytophthoras that are able to
 form asexual structures are more likely to establish in northern Europe.
 The results increase the capacity to predict the establishment of
 Phytophthora species in Sweden and expand our understanding of the
 invasion process of forest pathogens.15-Nov-2017
description: Redondo_etal.2017_functional_traits_PhytophthoraThe excel file contains two sheets. In the sheet one, we provide the results of the baiting in the rivers. In the first four columns, we provide information about the sampling plot. In the next columns, we present the count data (number of isolates) for each of the species. In the second sheet, we provide the information of the survey in the nurseries, anthropogenic forests and natural forests. The first two columns correspond to the site and the type of environment. In the rest of the columns, we present the count data (number of individuals) for each of the species. In this second sheet of the file, we present the individuals and not the isolates because for the survey in nurseries and forests, all diversity calculations are based on individuals.