DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bw47
title: A pharmacoeconomic study of post-exposure prophylaxis strategies for influenza virus infections in Japan

description: Background Vaccines can prevent influenza (flu) infections and are
 cost-effective for society and healthcare. However, the cost-effectiveness
 of post-exposure prophylaxis as a follow-up strategy is unclear. This
 study evaluates the cost–utility of post-exposure prophylaxis and
 treatment strategies with neuraminidase inhibitors (NIs) and a
 cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor (EI) for flu infections from the
 perspective of healthcare costs in Japan.  Research design and
 methods A base-case analysis was used to compare oseltamivir, zanamivir,
 and laninamivir for Nls and baloxavir marboxil for EI. The costs of the
 first visit to a physician and pharmacy were excluded because of
 out-of-pocket for post-exposure prophylaxis in Japan. Direct medical costs
 included the second physician visit, pharmacy and hospital admission
 expenses, and drug prices, based on the 2020 Japanese Medical Fee Index.
 EQ-5D-5L questionnaires were utilized to measure healthy participants’
 quality of life scores, with a time horizon of 14 days. Deterministic and
 probabilistic sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results We
 find baloxavir marboxil as the post-exposure prophylaxis agent
 and laninamivir as the treatment agent to be the most cost-effective
 strategy in Japan, followed by oseltamivir as the post-exposure
 prophylaxis agent and zanamivir as the treatment agent. Conclusions The
 study concludes that baloxavir marboxil and oseltamivir are cost-effective
 prophylactic agents for flu from the perspective of healthcare costs in
 Japan. The strategy of baloxavir marboxil as the post-exposure prophylaxis
 agent and laninamivir as the treatment agent is the most cost-effective in
 Japan.
description: # A pharmacoeconomic study of post-exposure prophylaxis strategies for
 influenza virus infections in Japan
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bw47](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bw47) ## Author(s) Naoto Nakagawa, Phar.D., Ph.D. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ohu University, Koriyama, Fukushima, Japan 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8611, Japan Email: [n-nakagawa@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp](mailto:n-nakagawa@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp) Runa Ono 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-cho, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan Phone: +81-24-932-9135, Email: [718028@ohu-u.jp](mailto:718028@ohu-u.jp) Odanaka, Ph.D. 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-cho, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan Phone: +81-24-932-9135, Email: [k-odanaka@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp](mailto:k-odanaka@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp) Hiroshi Ohara, Ph.D. 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-cho, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan Phone: +81-24-932-9135, Email: [h-ohara@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp](mailto:h-ohara@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp) Shigeki Kisara, Ph.D. 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-cho, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan Phone: +81-24-932-9135, Email: [s-kisara@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp](mailto:s-kisara@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp) Kitae Ito, Ph.D. 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-cho, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan Phone: +81-24-932-9135, Email: [k-ito@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp](mailto:k-ito@pha.ohu-u.ac.jp) # **File list** CEA_input_data_bellow_BW_80_kg.csv CEA_input_data_over_BW_80_kg.csv CEA_PSA_data_bellow_BW_80_kg.csv CEA_PSA_data_over_BW_80_kg.csv **File descriptions** Details for: CEA_input_data_bellow_BW_80_kg.csv, (CEA, cost-effectiveness analysis; BW, body weight) The file is a table to analyze for input with TreeAge Pro. Format(s): .csv Dimensions: 35 rows x 5 columns Variables: *Name: c_XXX means cost variables (unit, JPY; continuous variables), p_XXX means probability variables (continuous variables), and u_XXX means utility variables (continuous variables). *Description: definition of each variable. *Root Definition: individual variables for a base-case scenario. *Low and High columns: the low and the high numbers for one-way sensitivity analysis. Details for: CEA_input_data_over_BW_80_kg.csv, (CEA, cost-effectiveness analysis; BW, body weight) The file is a table to analyze for input with TreeAge Pro. Format(s): .csv Dimensions: 35 rows x 5 columns Variables: *Name: c_XXX means cost variables (unit, JPY; continuous variables), p_XXX means probability variables (continuous variables), and u_XXX means utility variables (continuous variables). *Description: definition of each variable. *Root Definition: individual variables for a base-case scenario. *Low and High columns: the low and the high numbers for one-way sensitivity analysis. Details for: CEA_PSA_data_bellow_BW_80_kg.csv, (CEA, cost-effectiveness analysis; PSA, probabilistic sensitivity analysis; BW, body weight) The file is a table to analyze for input with TreeAge Pro. Format(s): .csv Dimensions: 23 rows x 5 columns Variables: *Type: distributions, *Name: d_XXX means distributional name of each parameter *Description: definition of each variable. *Param 1: individual variables for a parameter 1 *Param 2: individual variables for a parameter 2 *Help/Explanation: Explanation of Param 1 and Param 2 Details for: CEA_PSA_data_over_BW_80_kg.csv (CEA, cost-effectiveness analysis; PSA, probabilistic sensitivity analysis; BW, body weight) The file is a table to analyze for input with TreeAge Pro. Format(s): .csv Dimensions: 23 rows x 5 columns Variables: *Type: distributions, *Name: d_XXX means distributional name of each parameter *Description: definition of each variable. *Param 1: individual variables for a parameter 1 *Param 2: individual variables for a parameter 2 *Help/Explanation: Explanation of Param 1 and Param 2