cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14799
title: Missionary sister and children, Katanga, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: A missionary sister is standing outside near a thatched hut with a group of children.; The back of the postcard contains a handwritten message in French and also contains information about the mission agency: "Benedictines Missionnaires- Katanga." The back also contains the caption: "Bunkeya- Au premier contact."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13677
title: Boys in uniform, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: A group of Chinese boys in uniform pose along a cliff face outside a traditional Chinese building. One of them has a banner with Chinese writing. Chinese characters are carved into the face of several stones.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15012
title: St. Anne's Cathedral, Kinshasa, Congo, ca.1940-1960

description: An exterior view of St. Anne's Cathedral.; The back of the postcard contains a handwritten note in French and also contains: "Republique Democratique du Zaire, Kinshasa, 5173- Cathedrale Ste. Anne" The back of the postcard also contains: "Agence Congolaise Hachette B.P. 2775 Kinshasa. Printed in France"
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14661
title: Congregation gathered outside a cathedral, Katanga, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: Katanga- Missies der P.P. v.d. H. Geest- Missions des P.P. du St. Esprit - Na de hoogmis te Nkulu. Apres la grand messe a Nkulu" ("After the high mass at Nkulu") A large congregation can be seen standing outside a brick cathedral. Some of the men are dressed in suits and some of the women are wearing white.; The back of the postcard contains a handwritten message in French and also contains information about the mission agency: "Missiehuis v.d. H. Geest te Lier en Ingelmunster.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13681
title: Missionary compound, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1930

description: "1 Lincoln Hall; 2. Old School Building; 3. Hartwell House; 4. Pres. Peet's house; 5.Woodhill House." These would appear to be buildings in the ABCFM mission compound in Foochow [Fuzhou].; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13858
title: Class of school children outdoors, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: "Ruanda- La classe a Issavi. De klas te Issavi." Ruanda [Rwanda] Approximately fifty school children are sitting outside on the grass or in front of wooden tables writing in books. A missionary sister is teaching them, and a board with the alphabet is attached to a pillar of the brick building behind the group.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Postulats des Soeurs Missionnaires de N.-D. d'Afrique. (Soeurs Blanches du Cardinal Lavigerie) Herent (Br.)- Thielt (Fl. Oc.). Postulaten der Zusters Missionarissen van O.L.V. van Afrika. (Witte Zusters van Kardinaal Lavigerie) Herent (Br.) - Thielt (W. Vl.).
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m19673
title: Sawyer producing planks in China.
title: Bretter Säger in China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13855
title: Interior of a church, Nyundo, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: This is an interior view of the church facing the altar. There are brick pillars on each side of the nave.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 10 Interieur de l'eglise de Nyundo (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 10. De kerk te Nyundo.- Binnenzicht (Ruanda)."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13674
title: Gathering for Dr. Stanley Jones, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: A group portrait of a large gathering of Chinese and Westerners for Dr. Stanley Jones. Emily S. Hartwell can be seen seated to the left in the front row. There is Chinese writing along the top of the photograph.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13913
title: A Chinese bridal sedan, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: Five Chinese porters carry a bridal sedan. The sedan is ornate and richly decorated.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13926
title: The missionary compound at Ing Tai, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1907

description: An elevated view of the American missionary compound at Ing Tai in 1907. In the foreground is the site of a residence that was burned down. A wall still encloses the ruins. The Boys' School and the Memorial Church are situated behind the burned ruins. The phrase "House Site", is typed onto the photograph and indicates the site of a new residence that was planned. The arrow typed into the left hand side of the photograph orients the viewer to the position of the Girls' Boarding School. An impressive vista of the Ing Tai river and its palisades dominates the background of the photo.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13851
title: Girls carrying jugs on their heads, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Rouanda - Kabgaye- Jeunes filles chretiennes, allant a la riviere." ("Christian girls going to the river"). Eight girls are posed holding and balancing large jugs on their heads. A missionary father is standing next to the smallest girl. The front of the postcards also contains: "L'Afrique equatoriale"; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Soeurs Missionnaires de N.-D. d'Afrique, St.Charles Edition G.-L. Arlaud - Lyon. Repr. interdite
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13910
title: "Bridge of Ten Thousand Ages" on the Min River, Foochow, Fujian, China, ca. 1910

description: A northeasterly view of the "Bridge of Ten Thousand Ages" on the Min River in Foochow [Fuzhou]. Mt. Kuliang (2500 ft. high) can be seen in the distance. Written beneath this photograph in its album: "Mt. Kuliang is a summer retreat during the hottest weather. Many residences of well-to-do Chinese, foreigners in business and missionaries are on the mountain. Also a Buddhist monastery. Lepers, beggars, outcasts gather on the bridge, the nearer end of which  is on Middle Island, the farther end of Pouasang, the southern suburb of Foochow, which is two miles north of the river. The bridge is very ancient and 1350 feet in length. Hopeless men and women often throw themselves from the piers into the river."; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13862
title: Princess being carried by men, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Ruanda - Princesse en voyage" ("Princess traveler") Ruanda [Rwanda] A princess is being on a litter by some men. There are five children standing nearby and two are holding sticks. The princess has on a head dress.  "Missions d'Afrique - Soeurs Blanches du Cardinal Lavigerie"; The back of the postcard has a handwritten address in French and contains information about Catholic mission agency: "Soeurs Missionnaires de N.-D. d'Afrique, Birmandreis. Alger. The back also contains information about the publisher: "Phototypie, 49, rue de Canteleu, Lille.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13775
title: Group portrait of missionaries in China, Fujian, China, ca. 1935

description: The Rev. Edward Huntington Smith is standing in the center of the second row behind the young girl. Grace W. Thomas Smith is seated in the first row, first person in from the right.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13879
title: Mother holding her child, Africa, ca.1920-1940

description: Sahara - Type d'une jeune mzabite avec son enfant" A woman is standing outside wearing a polka-dot dress, holding a baby in her arms. There is a young child also standing behind her."Le Sahara"; The back of the postcard is blank and contains printed information about the Catholic mission agency: "Soeurs Missionaires de N.-D. d'Afrique, St-Charles" There is also information about the printer: "Edition G. L. Arlaud - Lyon, Repr. interdite
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13905
title: Sketch of Dakar Cathedral, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: "Cathedrale de Dakar" ("Cathedral of Dakar")  Sketch of the Dakar Cathedral dated 1914 by C.W., with a number of trees and people nearby on the road. Two of the people on the road are carrying large baskets on their heads. The front of the postcard also contains information about the publisher: "Souvenir Africain 30, Rue Lhomond- Paris."; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13797
title: Woman holding a child, Nigeria, ca.1920-1940

description: Piccaninny mischief." A woman is sitting and smiling, holding a baby on her lap who seems to be looking at something behind her. The woman is wearing clothing of various patterns and a head scarf, and the baby is wearing a white short sleeved outfit. There are three bowls in front of the woman and child.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Copyright, C.M.S. Bookshop, Lagos." (Church Missionary Society) There is also a printed caption: "'Negraphes' Copyright No. 23.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14800
title: Men sitting by the road, Katanga, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: Benediktinjer Missie in Katanga- Op bezoek in de Missiestatien. Een poosje rust." "Visiting the Mission station. While resting." A group of men are sitting and standing outside on the grass. There are thatched huts and bicycles nearby.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13673
title: Donald and Catherine Hsueh, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 1928

description: A portrait of a married Chinese couple, Donald and Catherine Hsueh. The Hsuehs gave this picture to Emily S. Hartwell as a birthday gift. It was signed "Our dearest friend".; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13852
title: Seminary students, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Three missionary fathers and approximately twenty students are sitting and standing posed in front of a brick building. They are all dressed in white robes and the missionaries are wearing hats.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 7 Le grand seminaire de Kabgayi (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 7. Het Groot-Seminarie, te Kabgayi (Ruanda)."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13796
title: Women with food at the market, Nigeria, ca.1920-1940

description: What's On?" A group of about five women are sitting on stools and on the ground in front of large bowls and displays of food.  There are people in the background doing various tasks. There are also children standing with some women near one of the bowls of food.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Copyright, C.M.S. Bookshop, Lagos." (Church Missionary Society) There is also a printed caption: "This is a real photograph. Printed in England.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13805
title: Students outside of a school, Nigeria, ca.1920-1940

description: Nigeria- Sortie de l'Ecole Catholique (1200 garcons)" ("Nigeria-out of the Catholic school (1200 boys") A large group of  students stands in rows in an open area. There is a large building in the background.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the Catholic publishing agency: "Aidez les Missions des Peres du St-Esprit. C.C. 1059-56 Abonnez-vous a leurs 'Annales'- 10 fr. C.C. 611-49 30, Rue Lhomond, Paris (V arr.)" There is also a printed caption: "Edition 'Spiritus'." The back also contains information about the printer: "Louys Bauer, Imp. Dijon
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13906
title: Sketch of interior of the Dakar Cathedral, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: "Les noms dans la Cathedrale" ("The names of the Cathedral Dakar")  Sketch of the interior of the  Dakar Cathedral dated 1914 by C.W. A mother and her small child dressed in traditional clothing are walking inside the Cathedral. A group of men are standing near what appears to be a long list of names on the wall. The front of the postcard also contains information about the publisher: "Souvenir Africain 30, Rue Lhomond- Paris."; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13800
title: Group of men and boys in traditional dress, Nigeria, ca.1920-1940

description: Nigeria (West-Afrika) Inlandsche opperhoofden." Three chiefs holding umbrellas are sitting around a table that has three glasses and a bottle on top of it. Two boys are standing behind the men. The men and boys have on clothing with various patterns.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Uitgave V.H. Missiehuis Voor Afrikaansche Missien Keer (Bij Maastricht)
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13676
title: Party for the wife of a Chinese official, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, ca. 1920

description: A group of women and children gather for a party thrown for the wife of the Chinese governor, Sun. The other Chinese ladies in the portrait are also wives of high officials. Emily S. Hartwell stands to the far right of the back row. Caroline Chittenden stands behind the governor's wife. Ms. Pepoon of Whitman College from Washington State is also present.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13899
title: Group preparing for musical performance, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: En avant la Musique!" ("Before the music!") Approximately thirty participants are standing outside preparing for the musical performance. There are musicians with drums prepared to begin playing and two girls seem ready to dance together. The front of the postcard also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missions des P.P. du Saint-Esprit."; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Phototypie J. Bienaime, Reims.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13873
title: Mother holding her child, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: A Diola woman is posed on the street, holding her child in her arms . The woman has a patterned wrap around the child and her left shoulder and she is also wearing a head dress. In the background there are people in the background as well as an automobile and bicycle.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains printed information about the mission agency: "Missions de la Presentation de Marie (Casamance)", and a caption "Jeune maman diola" ("Young Diola mother"). The back also contains information about the printer: "Imprimerie photomecanique Pierron, Sarreguemines"
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14655
title: Missionary sisters with children in a vegetable garden, Katanga, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: Merode-Salvator- Sr Bertine in groenselhof. Sr Bertine au jardin potager." ("Sister Bertine in the vegetable garden") Two missionary sisters are standing outside in a vegetable garden with a group of children. One of the sisters is standing next to a tree holding its produce.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Zusters van den H Jozef, Zilverstraat, Brugge- Missien in Kasai, Congo. - Soeurs de St Joseph. rue d'Argent, Bruges- Missions au Kasai, Congo." There is also information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13857
title: Child overlooking the mountains of Rwanda around Shyira, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: A child dressed in white is standing on a hill, looking at the mountains and landscape before him. There are mountains in the distance and valleys below.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the  mission agency: "Ruanda Missions, 42 St. Peter's Road, Croydon, Surrey" The back also contains: "Greetings card No. 4 The mountains of Ruanda around Shyira"
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13859
title: Missionary sister dispensing medicine, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: "Ruanda. - A la porte du Dispensaire" ("At the door of the clinic") A missionary sister is standing at the door of the clinic in front of a little boy with his mouth open. There are other children standing nearby with sticks in their hands. "Missions d'Afrique."; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about Catholic mission agency: "Soeurs Missionnaires de N.-D. d'Afrique, Birmandreis (Alger) Soeurs Blanches du Cardinal Lavigerie
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13884
title: Workers in the Mission garden, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: "Dans le jardin de la Mission (Sedhiou)" ("In the garden of the Mission") Four children and one missionary father are standing in the midst of the garden. The vegetation is surrounded by a fence and there are various small buildings on the outskirts of the garden. The front of the postcard also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Mission du Senegal - (Congr. du St-Esprit)"; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m19689
title: Silver mine near Khitschung.
title: Silberbergwerk bei Khitschung.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m19715
title: Boat for travelling on the East River.
title: Reiseboot auf dem Ostfluss.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13854
title: Kabgayi Cathedral, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: An exterior view of a cathedral with a bell tower under construction.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains printed information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles" and the sponsoring Catholic mission agency: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 9 Le cathdrale de Kabgayi (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 9. De Kathedraal van Kabgayi (Ruanda)."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13891
title: Boy and a camel, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: Senegal - Sur la route ("On the road") A young boy is standing on a dirt road, posed by the camel he is leading. The boy is wearing a white robe and the camel is carrying a load of brush on its back.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Societe des Missions Evangeliques, 102. Bid. Arago (Paris). The back also contains information about the printer: "Braun & Cie, Imp. Edit., Mulhouse-Dornach
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13856
title: Cigar makers, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: A missionary father is overlooking a group of men and boys who are making cigars in an outdoor area.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency and the caption for the postcard: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 5 Fabrication de cigares a la mission de Ruaza (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 5. Missie Ruaza (Ruanda) - Vervaardigen van sigaren."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13853
title: Large group of seminary students, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: A group of five missionary fathers and approximately one hundred students are sitting and standing posed in front of a brick building. They are all dressed in white robes and the missionary fathers are wearing hats.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains printed information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." and the sponsoring Catholic mission agency: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 6 Le grand seminaire de Kabgayi (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 6. Het Klein-Seminarie, te Kabgayi (Ruanda)."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13861
title: Two girls embracing each other, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Groet der Batutsi-meisjes" ("Greeting of Batutsi girls") Two girls are standing, hugging each other. The girls are dressed with cloth wrapped around their bodies, and they are wearing jewelry. One of the girls has a metal ring hanging from her hair onto her forehead. Two girls are standing in the background.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Witte Paters Postrek. N. A. 1103.59.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13866
title: Seminary students, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: A group of three missionary fathers and approximately twenty students are sitting and standing posed in front of a brick building. They are all dressed in white robes and the three missionary fathers are wearing hats.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 7 Le grand seminaire de Kabgayi (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 7. Het Groot-Seminarie, te Kabgayi (Ruanda)."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13876
title: Interior of St. Louis Cathedral in Dakar, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: "230 St.Louis - Interieur de l'Eglise" ("Interior of the church") A missionary sister is sitting in the first pew inside the church. A number of pews are on either side of the aisle, and the altar with candles is visible. "CL. Albaret- Dakar, St. Louis"; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13887
title: A group of children outside the Mission house, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: La vie a la Mission" ("Life at the Mission") Approximately thirty children are standing or sitting outside of the mission house with three missionary fathers. The children are all dressed in indigenous clothing and some are wearing hats. The front of the postcard also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missions des P.P. du Saint - Esprit"; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Phototypie J. Bienaime. Reims
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13886
title: Procession after a Christian marriage, Senegal, ca.1920-1940

description: Un mariage Chretien d'indigenes ("A marriage of indigenous Christians") The bride and groom are leading the procession away from the church near the river. The groom is in a tuxedo with a top hat and the bride is wearing a white dress with a train. A group of approximately fifty or more attendees are following behind the newly married couple. The front of the postcard also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Mission du Senegal - (Congr. du St-Esprit)"; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Phototypie J. Bienaime. Reims