cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17138774.v1
title: Exploring local morphological and molecular variation in parasitic species <i>Gaiadendron punctatum</i> (Loranthaceae) from Northwestern Andes of Colombia

description: <i>Gaiadendron punctatum</i> (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don. exhibits a wide morphological variation and geographical distribution, ranging from Nicaragua to Bolivia. Reported polymorphism and the existence of more than 20 synonyms for <i>Gaiadendron punctatum</i> might indicate that there is either a cryptic complex, or that this species shows great variation. Populations from Northwestern Colombia were sampled to evaluate if local morphological variation was reflected in molecular variation. Two chloroplast regions were used, and haplotype networks were performed for each region. Also, reproductive and vegetative characters were compared between populations. Three different morphotypes were observed according to examined variables. DNA sequences showed some nucleotide substitutions and indels that characterized some of the morphotypes. Network analyses group together individuals of the same morphotype for both regions. We found evidence that the three different morphotypes here described showed some degree of genetic identity. Further work is needed for sampling along the whole distribution range of this species, to propose hypotheses about different entities or the existence of a single polymorphic taxon with altitudinal ecotypes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13554172
title: Responses of <i>Polylepis</i> birds to patch and landscape attributes in the High Andes

description: Habitat loss and fragmentation can devastate biodiversity, especially at regional and global scales. However, generalizing to individual species is challenging given the wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that shape species-specific responses – particularly among species that are specialists, generalists, or adapted to naturally patchy landscapes. In this study, we examined how patch and landscape attributes affected bird communities within <i>Polylepis</i> forest ecosystems, which are patchily distributed within landscapes of Puna grasslands and shrublands in the High Andes of Peru (3,300–4,700 m). We surveyed birds in 59 <i>Polylepis</i> patches and 47 sites in the Puna matrix, resulting in 13,210 observations of 88 bird species, including 15 species of conservation concern specialized on <i>Polylepis</i>. Data were analysed using Multi-Species Occupancy-Models (MSOM) and cumulative species-area curves. Species richness was generally greatest at mid-to-low elevations, within small fragments, and in landscapes with comparatively little forest cover; this was especially true for birds associated with the Puna matrix. Consistent with the hypothesis that <i>Polylepis</i> specialists are adapted to naturally patchy landscapes, we found no evidence that <i>Polylepis</i> specialists were sensitive to patch size, though two of nine species were positively related to forest cover within 200 m. Our work shows that small patches of <i>Polylepis</i> have high ecological value and that conservation of species of concern may depend more on retaining at least 10% forest cover within landscapes than on the presence of large patches of <i>Polylepis</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13554172.v1
title: Responses of <i>Polylepis</i> birds to patch and landscape attributes in the High Andes

description: Habitat loss and fragmentation can devastate biodiversity, especially at regional and global scales. However, generalizing to individual species is challenging given the wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that shape species-specific responses – particularly among species that are specialists, generalists, or adapted to naturally patchy landscapes. In this study, we examined how patch and landscape attributes affected bird communities within <i>Polylepis</i> forest ecosystems, which are patchily distributed within landscapes of Puna grasslands and shrublands in the High Andes of Peru (3,300–4,700 m). We surveyed birds in 59 <i>Polylepis</i> patches and 47 sites in the Puna matrix, resulting in 13,210 observations of 88 bird species, including 15 species of conservation concern specialized on <i>Polylepis</i>. Data were analysed using Multi-Species Occupancy-Models (MSOM) and cumulative species-area curves. Species richness was generally greatest at mid-to-low elevations, within small fragments, and in landscapes with comparatively little forest cover; this was especially true for birds associated with the Puna matrix. Consistent with the hypothesis that <i>Polylepis</i> specialists are adapted to naturally patchy landscapes, we found no evidence that <i>Polylepis</i> specialists were sensitive to patch size, though two of nine species were positively related to forest cover within 200 m. Our work shows that small patches of <i>Polylepis</i> have high ecological value and that conservation of species of concern may depend more on retaining at least 10% forest cover within landscapes than on the presence of large patches of <i>Polylepis</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14545760.v1
title: DNA barcoding approach to characterize microalgae isolated from freshwater systems in Ecuador

description: The use of suitable DNA barcodes and the generation of databases with reference sequences have been considered a promissory approach for the identification of Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta microalgae. In this study, we carried out a molecular characterization and identification of strains isolated from freshwater systems in Ecuador using a dual barcode method. The target sequences for Chlorophyta were 18S rDNA and <i>rbc</i>L genes, and 16S rDNA and 16S–23S rDNA intergenic spacer (ITS) for Cyanophyta. We reported these DNA barcodes for 20 different Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) for Chlorophyta and 10 for Cyanophyta. Our results show that the 18S V4 hypervariable region (300 bp) is sufficient for differentiating between isolates, but <i>rbc</i>L is a determinant for genus identification in Scenedesmaceae and Chlorellaceae strains. In Cyanophyta, both barcodes enabled the genus-level assignment of 9 out of 10 MOTUs. These results highlight the necessity of a second barcode additional to small ribosomal subunit sequences to improve molecular identification. Furthermore, the present study significantly contributes to the body of Ecuadorian barcode sequences of microalgae that are currently documented, making them available for future comparative diversity studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15081842
title: ¿Cómo avanzar en la conservación de los bosques de <i>Polylepis</i> y su diversidad biológica?

description: <i>Polylepis</i> is the dominant genus of the high Andean forest vegetation and they have a crucial ecological role. However, these forests are highly endangered and many of their biological aspects are still unknown. In this context, a series of questions were formulated with the aim that their resolution would contribute to a better understanding of <i>Polylepis’</i>dynamics and biological diversity, as well as improve their conservation efforts. Twenty one speakers from the V International Congress of Conservation and Ecology of <i>Polylepis</i> forests participated in the formulation of 67 questions related to these forests. Comments and additional information were received via email and google doc spreadsheet, open to the participants. Afterwards, two workshops were organized with the researchers to formulate, discuss, analyze and define the final list, narrowing down to a total of 40 questions. The questions were categorized into 6 different topics: Taxonomy, Ecology and Biogeography, Genetics, Conservation, Ethnobiology and Climate Change. We hope these questions will be considered as a priority for new research agendas and to define joint efforts for <i>Polylepis</i> forest conservation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17108418
title: Taxonomic diversity and ecological attributes of copepods of the Colombian Caribbean Sea

description: Seven oceanographic expeditions were carried out between 2013 and 2018 to explore the taxonomic diversity and ecological attributes of copepods of the Caribbean Oceanic Ecoregion (CAO). One hundred and forty zooplankton samples were collected in four depth ranges, between 0 and 1000 m depth. A total of 133 species were identified, 33 of which are new records for the Colombian Caribbean Sea and 50 species have amplified their geographical distribution. This information increasing the list of species of marine copepods recorded for the Colombian Caribbean Sea from 214 to 247 species. Carnivorous species (32.33%) and herbivorous-omnivorous species (27.06%) were the most important trophic guilds in the CAO ecoregion, due to the fact that it is an oligotrophic system that presents low productivity where regenerated production can occur. This study obtained relevant information on the richness and diversity of copepods in the offshore system, providing key information to describe the ecological processes and increase knowledge in this important taxonomic group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17108418.v1
title: Taxonomic diversity and ecological attributes of copepods of the Colombian Caribbean Sea

description: Seven oceanographic expeditions were carried out between 2013 and 2018 to explore the taxonomic diversity and ecological attributes of copepods of the Caribbean Oceanic Ecoregion (CAO). One hundred and forty zooplankton samples were collected in four depth ranges, between 0 and 1000 m depth. A total of 133 species were identified, 33 of which are new records for the Colombian Caribbean Sea and 50 species have amplified their geographical distribution. This information increasing the list of species of marine copepods recorded for the Colombian Caribbean Sea from 214 to 247 species. Carnivorous species (32.33%) and herbivorous-omnivorous species (27.06%) were the most important trophic guilds in the CAO ecoregion, due to the fact that it is an oligotrophic system that presents low productivity where regenerated production can occur. This study obtained relevant information on the richness and diversity of copepods in the offshore system, providing key information to describe the ecological processes and increase knowledge in this important taxonomic group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15133965
title: Cantos de las ranas y los sapos de Colombia: estado actual del conocimiento y perspectivas de investigación en ecoacústica

description: Vocalizations are one of the most important communication modalities in amphibian biology, and advertisement call is the type of vocalization mostly emitted by anurans (frogs and toads). In the present study, we carried out a scientometric analysis of the advertisement call in species of anurans in Colombia to determine the state of knowledge of this science in the country. We recorded the number of call descriptions and its trend throughout more than 60 years; in addition, we identified how many species there are with the call described per taxonomic family, geographic units and threat status. According to our review, between 1958 and June 30 of 2021, at least 296 studies have been published that describe the advertisement call of 307 species (of 785 in the country); only 130 descriptions come from recordings to individuals in Colombian populations. Leptodactylidae and Hylidae are the families with the highest percentage of species whose call has been described (84.6% and 68.4%, respectively). On the contrary, Bufonidae (19.5%) and Craugastoridae (12.9%) exhibit a low percentage of described calls. The Central and Eastern cordilleras were the regions with the best knowledge of advertisement calls, while the least known were the Caribbean – interAndean valleys, Orinoquía, and Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. In terms of the threat status, the species with the least concern (LC) were the ones that presented the highest number of species with the call described. Despite an increase in the most recent two decades, our findings still reveal notable gaps in knowledge of the advertisement calls in Colombian anurans, which constitutes an incentive to develop future research on this subject. Finally, based on this meta-analysis, we highlight some recommendations that we hope that we hope stimulate new studies in ecoacoustics, using anurans in Colombia as a study model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.15133965.v1
title: Cantos de las ranas y los sapos de Colombia: estado actual del conocimiento y perspectivas de investigación en ecoacústica

description: Vocalizations are one of the most important communication modalities in amphibian biology, and advertisement call is the type of vocalization mostly emitted by anurans (frogs and toads). In the present study, we carried out a scientometric analysis of the advertisement call in species of anurans in Colombia to determine the state of knowledge of this science in the country. We recorded the number of call descriptions and its trend throughout more than 60 years; in addition, we identified how many species there are with the call described per taxonomic family, geographic units and threat status. According to our review, between 1958 and June 30 of 2021, at least 296 studies have been published that describe the advertisement call of 307 species (of 785 in the country); only 130 descriptions come from recordings to individuals in Colombian populations. Leptodactylidae and Hylidae are the families with the highest percentage of species whose call has been described (84.6% and 68.4%, respectively). On the contrary, Bufonidae (19.5%) and Craugastoridae (12.9%) exhibit a low percentage of described calls. The Central and Eastern cordilleras were the regions with the best knowledge of advertisement calls, while the least known were the Caribbean – interAndean valleys, Orinoquía, and Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. In terms of the threat status, the species with the least concern (LC) were the ones that presented the highest number of species with the call described. Despite an increase in the most recent two decades, our findings still reveal notable gaps in knowledge of the advertisement calls in Colombian anurans, which constitutes an incentive to develop future research on this subject. Finally, based on this meta-analysis, we highlight some recommendations that we hope that we hope stimulate new studies in ecoacoustics, using anurans in Colombia as a study model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17414015
title: Biodiversity conservation: local and global consequences of the application of “rights of nature” by Ecuador

description: In 2008, Ecuador recognized the Constitutional Rights of Nature in a global first. This recognition implies a major shift in the human-nature relationship, from one between a subject with agency (humans) and an exploitable object (nature), to a more equilibrated relationship. However, the lack of a standard legal framework has left room for subjective interpretations and variable implementation. The recent widespread concessioning of pristine ecosystems to mining industries has set up an unprecedented conflict and test of these rights. Currently, a landmark case involving Los Cedros Protected Forest and mining companies has reached the Constitutional Court of Ecuador. If Ecuador’s highest Court rules in favor of Los Cedros and the Rights of Nature, it would set a legal precedent with enormous impact on biological conservation. Such a policy shift offers a novel conservation strategy, through citizen oversight and action. A ruling against Los Cedros and the Rights of Nature, while a major setback for biodiversity conservation, would be taken in stride by the active social movement supporting these goals, with the case likely moving into international courts. Meanwhile, extractive activities would continue and expand, with known consequences for biodiversity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14864688.v1
title: The Ecuadorian Microbiome Project: a plea to strengthen microbial genomic research

description: A technological revolution provides nations with access to unprecedented quantities of molecular information, and this is particularly evident in the vast and yet poorly understood realm of the microbiome. Traditionally, many developing countries in Asia, Africa, and South America remain marginal participants in the global flow of biodata, which will eventually affect their productivity and economies. Here, we present the Ecuadorian Microbiome Project (EcuMP) as an integrative initiative to close the research gap in the microbiome for Ecuador. We discuss the relevance that the study of the microbiome has for our understanding of diversity and new forms of production and biocapital. We also evaluate the state of research in metagenomics and the microbiome for South America, with emphasis on Ecuador as a small but biodiverse country. In the strict sense of access, understanding, and technological innovation based on molecular data, we propose the definition of bioliteracy. As indirect estimates of bioliteracy, we measured the number of indexed publications, BioProjects, monthly global internet traffic to GenBank, and patent applications in Espacenet. South America has a notable unevenness in scientific productivity related to the microbiome and metagenomics. Brazil leads productivity, with most of the measured parameters remaining one order of magnitude higher than other countries in the region. Participation of South American countries in the global flow of genomic information dwarfs when compared to the US. To reduce the effects of technological dependency and the associated lack of economic productivity, Ecuador should address the technological gap in the study of the microbiome. Our assessment reveals the urgency to translate the study of microbiomes into a source of technological prowess and the basis for local biocapitals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17414015.v1
title: Biodiversity conservation: local and global consequences of the application of “rights of nature” by Ecuador

description: In 2008, Ecuador recognized the Constitutional Rights of Nature in a global first. This recognition implies a major shift in the human-nature relationship, from one between a subject with agency (humans) and an exploitable object (nature), to a more equilibrated relationship. However, the lack of a standard legal framework has left room for subjective interpretations and variable implementation. The recent widespread concessioning of pristine ecosystems to mining industries has set up an unprecedented conflict and test of these rights. Currently, a landmark case involving Los Cedros Protected Forest and mining companies has reached the Constitutional Court of Ecuador. If Ecuador’s highest Court rules in favor of Los Cedros and the Rights of Nature, it would set a legal precedent with enormous impact on biological conservation. Such a policy shift offers a novel conservation strategy, through citizen oversight and action. A ruling against Los Cedros and the Rights of Nature, while a major setback for biodiversity conservation, would be taken in stride by the active social movement supporting these goals, with the case likely moving into international courts. Meanwhile, extractive activities would continue and expand, with known consequences for biodiversity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14864688
title: The Ecuadorian Microbiome Project: a plea to strengthen microbial genomic research

description: A technological revolution provides nations with access to unprecedented quantities of molecular information, and this is particularly evident in the vast and yet poorly understood realm of the microbiome. Traditionally, many developing countries in Asia, Africa, and South America remain marginal participants in the global flow of biodata, which will eventually affect their productivity and economies. Here, we present the Ecuadorian Microbiome Project (EcuMP) as an integrative initiative to close the research gap in the microbiome for Ecuador. We discuss the relevance that the study of the microbiome has for our understanding of diversity and new forms of production and biocapital. We also evaluate the state of research in metagenomics and the microbiome for South America, with emphasis on Ecuador as a small but biodiverse country. In the strict sense of access, understanding, and technological innovation based on molecular data, we propose the definition of bioliteracy. As indirect estimates of bioliteracy, we measured the number of indexed publications, BioProjects, monthly global internet traffic to GenBank, and patent applications in Espacenet. South America has a notable unevenness in scientific productivity related to the microbiome and metagenomics. Brazil leads productivity, with most of the measured parameters remaining one order of magnitude higher than other countries in the region. Participation of South American countries in the global flow of genomic information dwarfs when compared to the US. To reduce the effects of technological dependency and the associated lack of economic productivity, Ecuador should address the technological gap in the study of the microbiome. Our assessment reveals the urgency to translate the study of microbiomes into a source of technological prowess and the basis for local biocapitals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19403125.v1
title: Table S2 from Sampling multiple life stages significantly increases estimates of marine biodiversity

description: Specimen details (life stage, taxonomy, region), OTUs, accession numbers, and sources
DOI: 10.5285/25de906d-a3cd-4d64-8644-77f98aafeba6
title: 2017 High frequency magnetic field induction coil data from Eskdalemuir Observatory, UK

description: High frequency (100 Hz) data from two horizontal induction coils measuring the Earth's magnetic field at the Eskdalemuir Observatory in the United Kingdom. The data covers the period from January 2017 to September 2017. Also included are examples of Matlab code and the frequency calibration files to convert to the raw data to SI units. Thumbnail spectrograms and metadata are also supplied.
DOI: 10.14469/hpc/10341
title: C2N2 triplet, wB97Xd/Def2-TZVPP, 6+4, 4n+2 sigma, 4n Huckel guess(alter) G = -185.406248

description: Gaussian 16 (C01) calculation
DOI: 10.14469/hpc/10342
title: C2N2 triplet, uwB97XD/Def2-TZVPP, 5 sigma, 5 pi! G = -185.428659

description: Gaussian 16 (C01) calculation
DOI: 10.14469/hpc/10343
title: C2N2 triplet, rowB97XD/Def2-TZVPP, 5 sigma, 5 pi! G = -185.422547

description: Gaussian 16 (C01) calculation
DOI: 10.14469/hpc/10345
title: C2N2 triplet, rowB97Xd/Def2-TZVPP, 6+4, 4n+2 sigma, 4n Huckel guess(alter) G = -185.402493

description: Gaussian 16 (C01) calculation
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17161463
title: PoPH data upload1.xlsx

description: Data set
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17161463.v2
title: PoPH data upload1.xlsx

description: Data set
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17161463.v1
title: PoPH data upload.xlsx

description: Data set
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19533782
title: Additional file 1 of The development and feasibility of a group-based household-level intervention to improve preconception nutrition in Nawalparasi district of Nepal

description: Additional file 1. Codebook and themes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19533782.v1
title: Additional file 1 of The development and feasibility of a group-based household-level intervention to improve preconception nutrition in Nawalparasi district of Nepal

description: Additional file 1. Codebook and themes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19533801
title: Additional file 1 of The evolution of microtubule associated proteins – a reference proteomic perspective

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. References used for brain size and number of neurons. Table S2. Total number of MAPs and proteome size by species. Table S3. Microtubule associated proteins by species, taxon and binding regions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19533801.v1
title: Additional file 1 of The evolution of microtubule associated proteins – a reference proteomic perspective

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. References used for brain size and number of neurons. Table S2. Total number of MAPs and proteome size by species. Table S3. Microtubule associated proteins by species, taxon and binding regions.