cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sn788
title: Data from: An integrative framework of coexistence mechanisms in competitive metacommunities

description: Species distribution in a metacommunity varies according to their traits,
 the distribution of environmental conditions and connectivity among
 localities. These ingredients contribute to coexistence across spatial
 scales via species sorting, patch dynamics, mass effects and neutral
 dynamics. These mechanisms however seldom act in isolation and the impact
 of landscape configuration on their relative importance remains poorly
 understood. We present a new model of metacommunity dynamics that
 simultaneously considers these four possible mechanisms over spatially
 explicit landscapes and propose a statistical approach to partition their
 contribution to species distribution. We find that landscape configuration
 can induce dispersal limitations that have negative consequences for local
 species richness. This result was more pronounced with neutral dynamics
 and mass effect than with species sorting or patch dynamics. We also find
 that the relative importance of the four mechanisms varies not only among
 landscape configurations, but also among species, with some species being
 mostly constrained by dispersal and/or drift and others by sorting.
 Changes in landscape properties might lead to a shift in coexistence
 mechanisms and, by extension, to a change in community composition. This
 confirms the importance of considering landscape properties for
 conservation and management. Our results illustrate the idea that
 ecological communities are the results of multiple mechanisms acting at
 the same time and complete our understanding of spatial processes in
 competitive metacommunities.
description: R script for
 metacommunity model applicationR script gathering
 useful functions for landscape construction, metacommunity model
 application and investigation of coexistence
 mechanisms.Fournier_2016_Ecog_Rscript.R
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s3003
title: Data from: The consequences of lifetime and evolutionary exposure to toxic prey: changes in avoidance behavior through ontogeny

description: Responses to novel threats (e.g. invasive species) can involve genetic
 changes or plastic shifts in phenotype. There is controversy over the
 relative importance of these processes for species survival of such
 perturbations, but we are realizing they are not mutually exclusive.
 Native eastern fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) have adapted to
 top-down predation pressure imposed by the invasive red imported fire ant
 (Solenopsis invicta) via changes in adult (but not juvenile) lizard
 antipredator behavior. Here we examine the largely ignored, but
 potentially equally important, bottom-up effect of fire ants as toxic prey
 for lizards. We test how fire ant consumption (or avoidance) is affected
 by lifetime (via plasticity) and evolutionary (via natural selection)
 exposure to fire ants by comparing field-caught and lab-reared lizards,
 respectively, from fire ant invaded and uninvaded populations. More naive
 juveniles from invaded populations ate fire ants than did adults,
 reflecting a natural ontogenetic dietary shift away from ants. Lab-reared
 lizards from the invaded site were less likely to eat fire ants than were
 those from the uninvaded site, suggesting a potential evolutionary shift
 in feeding behavior. Lifetime and evolutionary exposure interacted across
 ontogeny, however, and field-caught lizards from the invaded site
 exhibited opposite ontogenetic trends; adults were more likely to eat fire
 ants than were juveniles. Our results suggest that plastic and
 evolutionary processes may both play important roles in permitting species
 survival of novel threats. We further reveal how complex interactions can
 shape adaptive responses to multi-modal impacts imposed by invaders: in
 our system fire ants impose stronger bottom-up selection than top-down
 selection, with each selection regime changing differently across lizard
 ontogeny.
description: RobbinsLangkilde2012JEB_Data_ArchivedDryadData collected in the field. Entered into Microsoft Excel (.xlsx file). Abbreviations: AR=Arkansas site, AL=Alabama site, exper=experimental group, J=juvenile, A=adult. All else is self explanatory with publication.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kf8b0
title: Data from: Bringing ecology blogging into the scientific fold: measuring reach and impact of science community blogs

description: The popularity of science blogging has increased in recent years, but the
 number of academic scientists who maintain regular blogs is limited. The
 role and impact of science communication blogs aimed at general audiences
 is often discussed, but the value of science community blogs aimed at the
 academic community has largely been overlooked. Here, we focus on our own
 experiences as bloggers to argue that science community blogs are valuable
 to the academic community. We use data from our own blogs (n = 7) to
 illustrate some of the factors influencing reach and impact of science
 community blogs. We then discuss the value of blogs as a standalone
 medium, where rapid communication of scholarly ideas, opinions, and short
 observational notes can enhance scientific discourse, and discussion of
 personal experiences can provide indirect mentorship for junior
 researchers and scientists from underrepresented groups. Finally, we argue
 that science community blogs can be treated as a primary source and
 provide some key points to consider when citing blogs in peer-reviewed
 literature.
description: Bringing ecology
 blogging into the scientific fold, measuring reach and impact of science
 community blogs Supp MaterialRaw datasets used in
 analyses, including metadata.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d6vq5
title: Data from: Is strain elastography (IO-SE) sufficient for characterization of liver lesions before surgical resection - or is contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) necessary?

description: Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of IO-SE in comparison to IO-CEUS
 for the differentiation between malignant and benign liver lesions.
 Material and Methods: In a retrospective diagnostic study IO-CEUS and SE
 examinations of 49 liver lesions were evaluated and compared to
 histopathological examinations. Ultrasound was performed using a
 multifrequency linear probe (6–9 MHz). The loops of CEUS were evaluated up
 to 5 min. The qualitative characterization of IO-SE was based on a color
 coding system (blue = hard, red = soft). Stiffness of all lesions was
 quantified by a specific scaling of 0–6 (0 = low, 6 = high) using 7 ROIs
 (2 central, 5 peripheral). Results: All malignant lesions displayed a
 characteristic portal venous washout and could be diagnosed correctly by
 IO-CEUS. 3/5 benign lesions could not be characterized properly either by
 IO-CEUS or IO-SE prior to resection. Thus for IO-CEUS sensitivity,
 specificity, positive and negative predictive value and accuracy were
 100%, 40%, 94%, 100% and 94%. Lesion sizes were between 8 and 59 mm in
 diameter. Regarding the IO-SE, malignant lesions showed a marked
 variability. In qualitative analysis, 31 of the malignant lesions were
 blue colored denoting overall induration. Thirteen malignant lesions
 showed an inhomogenous color pattern with partial indurations. Two of the
 benign lesions also displayed overall induration. The other benign lesions
 showed an inhomogenous color mapping. Calculated sensitivity of the SE was
 70.5%, specificity 60%, PPV 94%, NPV 18.75%, and accuracy 69%. Conclusion:
 IO-CEUS is useful for localization and characterization of liver lesions
 prior to surgical resection whereas IO-SE provided correct
 characterization only for a limited number of lesions.
description: IO-CEUS vs. SE
 upload
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.672gn
title: Data from: Light accelerates plant responses to warming

description: Competition for light has profound effects on plant performance in
 virtually all terrestrial ecosystems. Nowhere is this more evident than in
 forests, where trees create environmental heterogeneity that shapes the
 dynamics of forest-floor communities1,​2,​3. Observational evidence
 suggests that biotic responses to both anthropogenic global warming and
 nitrogen pollution may be attenuated by the shading effects of trees and
 shrubs4,​5,​6,​7,​8,​9. Here we show experimentally that tree shade is
 slowing down changes in below-canopy communities due to warming. We
 manipulated levels of photosynthetically active radiation, temperature and
 nitrogen, alone and in combination, in a temperate forest understorey over
 a 3-year period, and monitored the composition of the understorey
 community. Light addition, but not nitrogen enrichment, accelerated
 directional plant community responses to warming, increasing the dominance
 of warmth-preferring taxa over cold-tolerant plants (a process described
 as thermophilization6,10,​11,​12). Tall, competitive plants took greatest
 advantage of the combination of elevated temperature and light. Warming of
 the forest floor did not result in strong community thermophilization
 unless light was also increased. Our findings suggest that the maintenance
 of locally closed canopy conditions could reduce, at least temporarily,
 warming-induced changes in forest floor plant communities.
description: Vegetation surveys and
 mean community traitsDeFrenne et
 al_data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5sg24
title: Data from: Wintering areas predict age-related breeding phenology in a migratory passerine bird

description: Understanding connections between breeding, stopover and wintering grounds
 for long-distance migratory birds can provide important insight into
 factors influencing demography and the strength of carry-over effects
 among various periods of the annual cycle. Using previously described,
 multi-isotope (δ13C, δ15N, δ2H) feather isoscapes for Africa, we
 identified the most probable wintering areas for house martins (Delichon
 urbica) breeding at Badajoz in southwestern Spain. We identified two
 most-probable wintering areas differing in latitude in West Africa. We
 found that the probability to winter in the northern region was related to
 age and sex of individuals. Specifically, experienced males (i.e., two
 years or older) winter in the northern area with a greater probability
 than experienced females, whereas first-year females winter in the
 northern area with a greater probability than first-year males. In
 addition, wintering area was correlated with breeding phenology, with
 individuals wintering in the northern area initiating their clutches
 earlier than those wintering in the southern area. For birds wintering in
 the northern area, there was no relationship between age and clutch
 initiation date. In contrast, young birds wintering in the southern area
 initiated their clutches earlier than experienced birds wintering in this
 area. There was no significant correlation between wintering area and
 clutch size or the number of fledglings produced. We hypothesize that the
 relationship among social status, population density and winter habitat
 quality should be the most important driver of the carry-over effect we
 found for this population
description: DATAThis file contains data
 for the second and third objectives of the paper. Data for the first
 objective is presented in supplementary materials.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3g591
title: Data from: Colour as a backup for scent in the presence of olfactory noise: testing the efficacy backup hypothesis using bumblebees (Bombus terrestris)

description: The majority of floral displays simultaneously broadcast signals from
 multiple sensory modalities, but these multimodal displays come at both a
 metabolic cost and an increased conspicuousness to floral antagonists. Why
 then do plants invest in these costly multimodal displays? The efficacy
 backup hypothesis suggests that individual signal components act as a
 backup for others in the presence of environmental variability. Here, we
 test the efficacy backup hypothesis by investigating the ability of
 bumblebees to differentiate between sets of artificial flowers in the
 presence of either chemical interference or high wind speeds, both of
 which have the potential to impede the transmission of olfactory signals.
 We found that both chemical interference and high wind speeds negatively
 affected forager learning times, but these effects were mitigated in the
 presence of a visual signal component. Our results suggest that visual
 signals can act as a backup for olfactory signals in the presence of
 chemical interference and high wind speeds, and support the efficacy
 backup hypothesis as an explanation for the evolution of multimodal floral
 displays.
description: Efficacy Manuscript
 DataData used in paper
 analysisSupplementary materials
 - TablesTables used in
 paper
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2vc0n
title: Data from: Molecular and morphological diversity of on-farm hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) landraces from southern Europe and their role in the origin and diffusion of cultivated germplasm

description: Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is a traditional nut crop in southern
 Europe. Germplasm exploration conducted on-farm in five countries
 (Portugal, Spain, Italy, Slovenia, and Greece) identified 77 landraces.
 The present work describes phenotypic variation in nut and husk traits and
 investigates genetic relationships using 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR)
 markers among these landraces, 57 well-known references cultivars, and 19
 wild accessions. Among the 77 landraces, 42 had unique fingerprints while
 35 showed a SSR profile identical to a known cultivar. Among the 42 unique
 landraces, morphological observations revealed high phenotypic diversity
 and some had characteristics appreciated by the market such as nut round
 and calibre Analysis of genetic relationships and population structure
 allowed investigation of the origin and spread of the cultivated germplasm
 in southern Europe. Our results indicate the existence of three primary
 centres of diversity in the Mediterranean basin: northwestern Spain
 (Tarragona) and southern Italy (Campania) in the West and Black Sea
 (Turkey) in the East. Moreover, the data suggests the existence of
 secondary gene pools in the Iberian (Asturias) and Italian (Liguria and
 Latium) Peninsulas, where local varieties were recently domesticated from
 wild forms and/or from introduced ancient domesticated varieties.
description: HazLand_DatabaseLocations of 77 landraces characterized in five southern European countries; Morphological and technological parameters of 42 landraces with unique SSR profiles and standard cultivars 'Tonda Gentile delle Langhe' and 'Negret'; Alleles sizes (in base pairs, bps) at 10 SSR loci in 42 landraces (LR) surveyed on-farm and 57 reference cultivars (CV) collected from different European germplasm repositories.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.952j3
title: Data from: Do prevailing environmental factors influence human preferences for facial morphology?

description: Prevailing environmental factors influence preferences for attractive
 traits across many species. In humans, debate surrounds the role of
 environmental pathogens and economic development in determining facial
 attractiveness. We tested whether women and men’s preferences for facial
 dimorphism, symmetry, skin tone, and adiposity differ among Melanesian
 participants from 3 islands (Espiritu Santo, Efate, and Tanna) in Vanuatu
 in the South West Pacific. These islands vary in their historical malarial
 pathogens respectively from pronounced to almost absent and are
 characterized by within and between island differences in economic
 development, ranging from urbanized market-based economies to remote rural
 horticultural communities. We found no support for the hypothesis that
 masculine male faces or feminine female faces are more attractive in
 environments with higher exposure to malarial pathogens or urban
 development. However, preferences for facial symmetry were highest in
 islands with higher malarial rates, possibly as symmetry indicates health
 and guides mate selection in disease rich environments. However, past
 evidence linking symmetry and health is weak, and we therefore interpret
 our findings cautiously. Women from peri-urban communities preferred male
 faces with lighter skin to rural and urban participants. Men from urban
 areas stated higher preferences for symmetry than peri-urban and rural
 male participants. All other effects were not statistically significant.
 While cross-cultural studies comparing preferences between disparate
 cultures provide evidence of associations between environmental effects
 and preferences for some facial traits, our results suggest these
 associations might not always persist at more fine-grain scales within
 small-scale societies.
description: Environmental effects of
 face preferences in VanuatuData.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7q37f
title: Data from: Pseudomonas syringae enhances herbivory by suppressing the reactive oxygen burst in Arabidopsis

description: Plant-herbivore interactions have evolved in the presence of
 plant-colonizing microbes. These microbes can have important third-party
 effects on herbivore ecology, as exemplified by drosophilid flies that
 evolved from ancestors feeding on plant-associated microbes. Leaf-mining
 flies in the genus Scaptomyza, which is nested within the paraphyletic
 genus Drosophila, show strong associations with bacteria in the genus
 Pseudomonas, including Pseudomonas syringae. Adult females are capable of
 vectoring these bacteria between plants and larvae show a preference for
 feeding on P. syringae-infected leaves. Here we show that Scaptomyza flava
 larvae can also vector P. syringae to and from feeding sites, and that
 they not only feed more, but also develop faster on plants previously
 infected with P. syringae. Our genetic and physiological data show that P.
 syringae enhances S. flava feeding on infected plants at least in part by
 suppressing anti-herbivore defenses mediated by reactive oxygen species.
description: Groen et al JIP 2015 Raw
 DataRaw data from the
 laboratory experiments described in Groen et al. (Journal of Insect
 Physiology, 2015). Details on experimental conditions can be found in this
 manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tn32c
title: Data from: Can newts cope with the heat? Disparate thermoregulatory strategies of two sympatric species in water

description: Many ectotherms effectively reduce their exposure to low or high
 environmental temperatures using behavioral thermoregulation. In
 terrestrial ectotherms, thermoregulatory strategies range from accurate
 thermoregulation to thermoconformity according to the costs and limits of
 thermoregulation, while in aquatic taxa the quantification of behavioral
 thermoregulation have received limited attention. We examined
 thermoregulation in two sympatric newt species, Ichthyosaura alpestris and
 Lissotriton vulgaris, exposed to elevated water temperatures under
 semi-natural conditions. According to a recent theory, we predicted that
 species for which elevated water temperatures pose a lower thermal quality
 habitat, would thermoregulate more effectively than species in thermally
 benign conditions. In the laboratory thermal gradient, L. vulgaris
 maintained higher body temperatures than I. alpestris. Semi-natural
 thermal conditions provided better thermal quality of habitat for L.
 vulgaris than for I. alpestris. Thermoregulatory indices indicated that I.
 alpestris actively thermoregulated its body temperature, whereas L.
 vulgaris remained passive to the thermal heterogeneity of aquatic
 environment. In the face of elevated water temperatures, sympatric newt
 species employed disparate thermoregulatory strategies according to the
 species-specific quality of the thermal habitat. Both strategies reduced
 newt exposure to suboptimal water temperatures with the same accuracy but
 with or without the costs of thermoregulation. The quantification of
 behavioral thermoregulation proves to be an important conceptual and
 methodological tool for thermal ecology studies not only in terrestrial
 but also in aquatic ectotherms.
description: Preferred body
 temperaturesPreferred body
 temperatures of two newt species measured in laboratory thermal
 gradient.Balogova_Gvozdik_Tp.txtThermoregulatory indicesOperative temperatures, body temperatures, and thermoregulatory indices of two newt species measured in seminatural settings.Balogova_Gvozdik_thermoindices.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r4k040j
title: Data from: Correlates of complete brood failure in blue tits: could extra-pair mating provide unexplored benefits to females?

description: Behavioural ecologists have for decades investigated the adaptive value of
 extra-pair copulation (EPC) for females of socially monogamous species.
 Despite extensive effort testing for genetic benefits, there now seems to
 be a consensus that the so-called ‘good genes’ effects are at most weak.
 In parallel the search for direct benefits has mostly focused on the
 period surrounding egg laying, thus neglecting potential correlates of EPC
 that might be expressed at later stages in the breeding cycle. Here we
 used Bayesian methods to analyse data collected over four years in a
 population of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus), where no support was
 previously found for ‘good genes’ effects. We found that broods with mixed
 paternity experienced less brood failure at the nestling stage than broods
 with single paternity, and that females having experienced complete brood
 failure in their previous breeding attempt had higher rates of mixed
 paternity than either yearling or previously successful females. To better
 understand these observations we also explored relationships between
 extra-pair mating, male and female phenotype, and local breeding density.
 We found that in almost all cases the sires of extra-pair offspring were
 close neighbours, and that within those close neighbourhoods extra-pair
 sires were older than other males not siring extra-pair offspring. Also,
 females did not display consistent EPC status across years. Taken together
 our results suggest that multiple mating might be a flexible female
 behaviour influenced by previous breeding experience, and motivate further
 experimental tests of causal links between extra-pair copulation and
 predation.
description: all brood data (text
 file)Please contact authors
 for any questionRouv_broods2_with_rings.txtData for repeated females (present vs past EPP)Please contact authors for any questionpastexp.txtData for repeated females (present EPP vs past failure)Please contact authors for any questionpastfail.txt