cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.856
title: Koreans’ behavior toward online shopping : a case study of gmarket.co.kr

description: This research aims to 1) study the formats of Korea’s E-Commerce. 2) study the patterns of Koreans’ online shopping behavior and 3) identify the factors influencing people to make purchases via online shopping using the Korean website “Gmarket” (www.gmarket.com) as a case study. This research acquired data from 125 respondents collected by questionnaire from Koreans who have online shopping experience. The statistics used to analyze the obtained data were frequencies, percentages and means to prove the outcome. This study found that most of respondents were university students with an age range between 20-29 years old, with a monthly income less than 500,000 Won (15,000 Baht) and the highest level of education a Bachelor degree. The major factors influencing consumers’ purchase of online products were the offering of a money back guarantee and the inclusion of a fully detailed product description. Consumers also preferred to purchase products from sellers who offered to return a product if the buyer was not satisfied and those that had a low cost relative to comparable products. Conversely, the factor with the least influence on consumers was website promotion. Testing this hypothesis, the results found that different demographics use of online shopping was influenced at different rates by individual criteria. Women were found to be more concerned about product quality and if they are able to return a product compared to men. It was also found that, as predicted, the prices of Gmarket’s products were more reasonable than general offline stores. The assumption that consumers who have used Gmarket place importance on the benefits of being member compared to consumers who have never use Gmarket, however, did not meet expectations.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.857
title: Development of measures to mitigate impacts of mining industry : lessons learned from the lower Klity Creek, Kanchanaburi Province

description: Development of Measures to Mitigate Impacts of Mining Industry: Lessons learned from the Lower Klity Creek, Kanchanaburi Province aims to collect and analyze data about impacts and risks from upstream mining activities by using Klity community as a case in point. In addition, it aims to analyze past mitigation measures and assess whether they responded to the local needs or not. This study also extracts lessons learned from Klity case and proposes a new way to view development, environment and sustainability with reference to mining and local communities. The methods used are documentary research, interviews, observation and participating in related meetings and seminars.The data were synthesized, analyzed, and presented in descriptive form.The mining activities resulted in lead contamination in the Klity creek. The villagers there are indigenous Pwo Karen who rely on the creek not only as their main food and water source but as cultural and spiritual part of their life. Lead contamination resulted in both physical and mental illnesses, especially in children. After the impacts were publicized, mitigation measures from various agencies were carried out but with little success. This is due to inconsistency in operation and lack of long-term follow-up or maintenance, lack of planning and budgeting for environmental and health recovery and rehabilitation, and lack of understanding of the villagers’ traditional ways of life, and lack of integration work among agencies. The concepts used for the analysis of Klity case are 1) human security, it is found that mitigation measures did not really consider different dimensions of human security, and in turn, the case of Klity indicates that assessing impacts on indigenous way of life calls for a more extensive and comprehensive approach in human security dimensions; 2) risks, it is found that risks are usually concentrated among marginalized groups, so understandably they are socially constructed, and in industrial development, risks are externalized mostly towards the marginalized, the poor and the voiceless. Risks from contamination points to the issue of complexity, unpredictability, and uncontrollability; 3) dynamic sustainabilities represent a concept that bring more understanding to the complexity and dynamism of the problems and challenges conventional interlocked way of approaching and resolving them. There is a call for newer approaches and methods, especially in engaging in policy processes. As for Klity cases, the lessons learned pave ways for recommendations on restructuring of state administration to be able to better respond to the problems, pushing for Strategic Environmental Assessment, improving legal procedure and economic measures, and developing proactive measures to build greater participation in monitoring and rehabilitation.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.858
title: Synthesis of nano-sized zinc sulfide and its application in solar concentrator

description: Zinc sulfide has been recognized as a promising nanomaterial which could be applied for solar collector. This work has aimed at synthesis of ZnS nanoparticles by reversed micelle of Triton X-100 and cyclohexane. Molar ratio of water to Triton X-100 and concentration of zinc and sulfide ions play an important role in controlling the size of ZnS nanoparticles. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) have been used for characterization of the synthesized ZnS nanoparticles. Examination of photoluminescence of the synthesized ZnS nanoparticles reveals its size dependence. In addition, the ZnS/PMMA composites have also characterized by PL and their solar concentrated abilities were also observed.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.859
title: Application of Fe-filled multi-walled carbon nanotubes for removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution

description: The aim of this research is to investigate the feasibility of utilizing Fe-filled multi-wall carbon nanotubes synthesized by co-pyrolysis of glycerol and ferrocene as an adsorbent for removal of antibiotics from aqueous solution. Then synthesized Fe-filled MWCNTs were also treated by H[subscript 2]SO[subscript 4]/HNO[subscript 3]. It was found that the carboxylic acid was produced on surface of acid treated Fe-filled MWCNTs, thereby improving negatively charged on their surface. Synthesized Fe-filled MWCNTs were employed for adsorption of antibiotics included tetracycline and enrofloxacin. From the results, pristine Fe-filled MWCNTs could better adsorb tetracycline than acid treated Fe-filled MWCNTs, about 92%. The adsorption efficiency of both tetracycline and enrofloxacin onto pristine Fe-filled MWCNTs increased when pH was increased from 5 – 7 and then decreased significantly as the pH lower or higher than this range. Both adsorption capacity of tetracycline and enrofloxacin increased with temperature increased. In addition, tetracycline could reach equilibrium within 1 hr while adsorption capacity of enrofloxacin did not change significantly after 3 hr. Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model are well used to describe the adsorption for tetracycline and enrofloxacin onto pristine Fe-filled MWCNTs. The nature of adsorption process is the endothermic and spontaneous that was described by thermodynamic parameters.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/0sxop2/fv1tvp
title: Dundas_vonHaefen_JAERE.7z

description: 7Zip file containing README, GAUSS, and STATA files to replicate results of our paper.
DOI: 10.11578/1562002
title: Hydrogen Retention in Lithium on Metallic Walls from "In Vacuo" Analysis in LTX and Implications for High-Z Plasma-Facing Components in NSTX-U

description: The application of lithium to plasma-facing components (PFCs) has long been used as a technique for wall conditioning in magnetic confinement devices to improve plasma performance. Determining the characteristics of PFCs at the time of exposure to the plasma, however, is difficult because they can only be analyzed after venting the vacuum vessel and removing them at the end of an operational period. The Materials Analysis and Particle Probe (MAPP) addresses this problem by enabling PFC samples to be exposed to plasmas, and then withdrawn into an analysis chamber without breaking vacuum. The MAPP system was used to introduce samples that matched the metallic PFCs of the Lithium Tokamak Experiment (LTX). Lithium that was subsequently evaporated onto the walls also covered the MAPP samples, which were then subject to LTX discharges. In vacuo extraction and analysis of the samples indicated that lithium oxide formed on the PFCs, but improved plasma performance persisted in LTX. The reduced recycling this suggests is consistent with separate surface science experiments that demonstrated deuterium retention in the presence of lithium oxide films. Since oxygen decreases the thermal stability of the deuterium in the film, the release of deuterium was observed below the lithium deuteride dissociation temperature. This may explain what occurred when lithium was applied to the surface of the NSTX Liquid Lithium Divertor (LLD). The LLD had segments with individual heaters, and the deuterium-alpha emission was clearly lower in the cooler regions. The plan for NSTX-U is to replace the graphite tiles with high-Z PFCs, and apply lithium to their surfaces with lithium evaporation. Experiments with lithium coatings on such PFCs suggest that deuterium could still be retained if lithium compounds form, but limiting their surface temperatures may be necessary.
DOI: 10.11578/1562003
title: Quasi-static and dynamic magnetic tension forces in arched, line-tied magnetic flux ropes

description: Solar eruptions are often driven by magnetohydrodynamic instabilities such as the torus and kink instabilities that act on line-tied magnetic flux ropes. Recent laboratory experiments designed to study these eruptive instabilities have demonstrated the key role of both dynamic (Myers et al 2015 Nature 528, 526) and quasi-static (Myers et al 2016 Phys. Plasmas, in press) magnetic tension forces in contributing to the equilibrium and stability of line-tied magnetic flux ropes. In this paper, we synthesize these laboratory results and explore the relationship between the dynamic and quasi-static tension forces. While the quasi-static tension force is found to contribute to the flux rope equilibrium in a number of regimes, the dynamic tension force is substantial mostly in the so-called failed torus regime where magnetic self-organization events prevent the flux rope from erupting.
DOI: 10.11578/1562004
title: Remote-sensing gas measurements with coherent Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering

description: We measure the coherent Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering (CRBS) signal integral as a function of the recorded gas pressure in He, Co2, SF6, and air, and we confirm the already established quadratic dependence of the signal on the gas density. We propose the use of CRBS as an effective diagnostic for the remote measurement of gas' density (pressure) and temperature, as well as polarizability, for gases of known composition.
DOI: 10.11578/1562005
title: Understanding the dynamics and energetics of magnetic reconnection in a laboratory plasma: Review of recent progress on selected fronts

description: Magnetic reconnection is a fundamental process at work in laboratory, space and astrophysical plasmas, in which magnetic field lines change their topology and convert magnetic energy to plasma particles by acceleration and heating. One of the most important problems in reconnection research has been to understand why reconnection occurs so much faster than predicted by MHD theory. Following the recent pedagogical review of this subject [M. Yamada, R. Kulsrud, and H. Ji, Rev. Mod. Phys. {\bf 82}, 603 (2010)], this paper presents a review of more recent discoveries and findings in the research of fast magnetic reconnection in laboratory, space, and astrophysical plasmas. In spite of the huge difference in physical scales, we find remarkable commonality between the characteristics of the magnetic reconnection in laboratory and space plasmas. In this paper, we will focus especially on the energy flow, a key feature of the reconnection process. In particular the experimental results on the energy conversion and partitioning in a laboratory reconnection layer [M. Yamada {\it et al.}, Nat. Commu. {\bf 5}, 4474 (2014)] are discussed and compared with quantitative estimates based on two-fluid analysis. In the Magnetic Reconnection Experiment (MRX), we find that energy deposition to electrons is localized near the X-point and is mostly from the electric field component perpendicular to the magnetic field. The mechanisms of ion acceleration and heating are also identified and a systematic and quantitative study on the inventory of converted energy within a reconnection layer with a well-defined but variable boundary. The measured energy partition in a reconnection region of similar effective size ($L \approx$ 3 ion skin depths) of the Earth's magneto-tail [J. Eastwood {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 110}, 225001 (2013)] is notably consistent with our laboratory results. Finally, to study the global aspects of magnetic reconnection, we have carried out a laboratory experiment on the stability criteria for solar flare eruptions, including {\textquotedblleft}storage and release{\textquotedblright} mechanisms of magnetic energy. We show that toroidal magnetic flux generated by magnetic relaxation (reconnection) processes generates a new stabilizing force which prevents plasma eruption. This result has lead us to discovery of a new stabilizing force for solar flares [C. E. Myers {\it et al.}, Nature {\bf 528}, 526 (2015)]
DOI: 10.11578/1562006
title: Spontaneous multi-keV electron generation in a low-RF-power axisymmetric mirror machine

description: Title:Spontaneous multi-keV electron generation in a low-RF-power axisymmetric mirror machineAbstract:X-ray emission shows the existence of multi-keV electrons in low-temperature, low-power, capacitively-coupled RF-heated magnetic-mirror plasmas that also contain a warm (300 eV) minority electron population. Though these warm electrons are initially passing particles, we suggest that collisionless scattering -- mu non-conservation in the static vacuum field -- is responsible for a minority of them to persist in the mirror cell for thousands of transits during which time a fraction are energized to a characteristic temperature of 3 keV, with some electrons reaching energies above 30 keV. A heuristic model of the heating by a Fermi-acceleration-like mechanism is presented, with mu non-conservation in the static vacuum field as an essential feature.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.860
title: Synthesis and characterization of sequential interpenetrating polymer networks of polyurethane acrylate and polybenzoxazine

description: The purpose of this research is to improve performance of UV curable polyurethane acrylate coating by alloying with thermally curable polybenzoxazine. The hybrid polymer networks of polyurethane acrylate and polybenzoxazine were prepared by sequential cure methods i.e. UV cure method followed by thermal cure method. The effects of sequential cure methods were investigated in term of mechanical, thermal and physical properties of the resulting polymer alloy films. The experimental results revealed that the presence of the polybenzoxazine in the alloy network significantly affected the obtained properties of the PUA/BA-a alloys. The fully cured PUA/BA-a alloy films were transparent and showed only single glass transition temperature, suggesting high compatibility or no phase separation between the PUA and BA-a networks. The storage modulus in a glassy state and the glass transition temperatures (Tg) of PUA/BA-a alloys from the sequential cure method were found to substantially increase with increasing the BA-a mass fraction. Furthermore, Td at 10% weight loss of the PUA/BA-a alloy films was relatively high whereas the char yield at 800๐C was found to increase with an incorporation of the BA-a. Hardness, and water contact angle were enhanced whereas water absorption and water permeability of the alloy films were suppressed by the incorporation of the BA-a into the polymer alloys. As a consequence, thermal, mechanical and physical properties of the UV curable polyurethane acrylate networks can be positively tailored and enhanced by forming hybrid network with the BA-a. From the above results, the PUA/BA-a alloy at a 50/50 mass ratio was found to be the most suitable composition for e.g. high performance coating application.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.861
title: Control structure design of biodiesel production process with phase split and recycle in the reactor system

description: This work studies control structure design of a biodiesel production process with phase split and recycle in the reactor system. Triglyceride reacts with methanol to form methyl esters and glycerol. The process is optimized to minimize total equivalent energy subject to 30 optimization constraints. The optimization result shows that the energy required is about 371.43 kW. To avoid the control constraint violation while the process is operated dynamically, the process is backed-off making the energy required increases to 445.67 kW. A presence of the material recycles and energy integrations make the process has more complexity in dynamic behavior; therefore, the control system is designed in plantwide perspective using Wongsri’s plantwide control design procedure. The simulation result shows that six viable control structures have good control performances. The control performances of all control structures are evaluated in term of the weighted integral absolute errors. In addition, utility requirements for all control structures are about the same.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.862
title: Plantwide control structure design for ammonia production process

description: This thesis presents the application of the plantwide control design procedure of Wongsri (2012) to the ammonia production process. Two new control structures obtained are evaluated and compared with the control structure of Skogestad (2008).The disturbances used in the evaluation are gas feed flowrate, feed temperature, and methane composition in feed changes. The new control structure, CS2, resulted in good dynamic performance for the feed flowrate and feed temperature changes. For methane composition in feed change, all control structures give comparable good performances.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.863
title: Factors affecting out of pocket health care expenditure among Sunanese households

description: BACKGROUND: Health is a human right yet out of pocket Health expenditure seems to be a factor that impoverishes people in Sudan. OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to identify factors affecting individual OOP health expenditure for different types of health care and total health care expenditure. METHOD: This is using Secondary data from Sudan Household health utilizations and expenditure survey 2010.a total of 15000 households and 75184 individuals were included in two types of regressions. OLS, seemingly unrelated regression and Tobit were used for all related type of care (non-chronic care, chronic care, preventive care, dental care, and health expenditure abroad) RESULTS: Variables that usually positively impact OOP spending include age groups, education level, widowed, land capacity, hospital rate, bed rate. Variables that usually negatively impact OOP spending include divorce, type of medical personnel as well as some of state dummies. Recall that the OOP variables come from the summation of treatment cost, cost of food, and accommodation for the co patient and transportation cost. Transportation costs seem to be very high for all type of care. This suggests that the distribution of medical personnel and medical facilities is unequal.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.864
title: Synthesis of polyacrylonitrile/titania co-axial nanofibers via electrospinning

description: Titania nanofibers having polymer core were successfully prepared via the combination of sol-gel and co-axial electrospinning techniques, using polyacrylonitrile (PAN) in dimethyl formamide (DMF) as core solution and titania sol derived from titanium(IV) isopropoxide (TTIP), DMF, acetic acid and poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as sheath solution. For the co-axial electrospinning technique in this research, the core solution and the sheath solution were supplied separately to a co-axial nozzle. The effects of the flow rate of both core solution and sheath solution, and the electric potential applied were investigated in this research. The diameter of the electrospun fiber is increased when the flow rate of the core solution is increased. The uniform fibers with an average diameter of 380 nm could be fabricated by applying the electric potential of 22 kV on the co-axial electrospinning system, while the flow rate of the core solution and the sheath solution were 1.2ml/h and 0.9 ml/h, respectively. The core-sheath structure of the electrospun fibers was confirmed by using transmission electron microscopy. The electrospun co-axial fibers were then subjected to the calcination process. The crystallization of titania and the removal of PVP were found to depend upon the calcination temperature of the electrospun fibers. The presence of PAN core, which can withstand higher temperature than PVP, can provide flexibility to the final titania nanofibers. It is found that the biphasic titania nanofibers products with an average diameter of 150 nm can be obtained after calcination at 450 °C.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.865
title: Thermal stability of thiolate self-assembled monolayers on copper surface

description: The formation of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of organothiol is one of the excellent methods for corrosion protection being able to be used in various applications. This work studies the thermal stability of thiolate SAMs coating on a copper surface. Three types of thiolate SAMs including 1-octanethiol (OTT), 2-ethylhexanethiol (2-EHT), and 2-phenylethanethiol (2-PET) are investigated. These chemicals are similar in terms of the chemical formula but different in chemical structure. Contact angle, SEM, AFM, FT-IR, XPS, and potentiodynamic polarization are used to analyze hydrophilic and hydrophobic features, morphology, roughness, decomposition of SAMs, and corrosion inhibition efficiency, respectively. Firstly, the optimum condition of oxygen plasma treatment is determined. The results show that the optimum time for the treatment is 15 s. The oxygen plasma increases roughness of the copper surface and induces the hydrophilic feature, which is suitable for SAMs to form on the copper surface. Thereafter, the copper surfaces coated by each SAMs are annealed at the temperature ranging from 25 to 250°C. The OTT is decomposed at the annealing temperature of 80°C while the 2-EHT is decomposed at the higher annealing temperature of 140°C. The 2-PET is not decomposed at annealing temperature below 140°C, because the 2-PET consists of aromatic rings that are more stable than other functional groups in OTT and 2-EHT structures. These results also refer to improvement of thiolate bond stability aided by aromatic ring in the 2-PET molecule. All SAMs are completely decomposed at the annealing temperature of 250°C. In conclusion, the 2-PET is the most favorable in terms of therm