cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18739/a2416t04w
title: Collaborative Research: Seasonal Synergy between Bacterial Osmoprotection and Algal Production in Sea Ice

description: The amount of primary production attributable to sea ice algae is seasonally and quantitatively important to current arctic marine ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles. Although light and nutrients have been studied for decades as the determinants of ice-algal production, more complex synergistic effects between ice algae and other microbial residents of sea ice that may foster primary production are poorly known. Studies of sea-ice bacteria and algae, including genomic evaluations, have revealed potential links between compounds called compatible solutes (CS), commonly used by microbes to protect against osmotic shock (death by cell explosion) in high-salinity surroundings, and the availability of regenerated nitrogen within the ice. This research will test a seasonal-synergy hypothesis whereby CS precursor compounds (like choline) that are released by ice algae during fall freeze-up are taken up by bacteria in the ice, converted to CS for survival in the high-salinity brines of winter sea ice, and then metabolized for carbon, nitrogen and energy as spring temperatures warm, salinities freshen, and the need to retain CS as osmoprotectants diminishes. An important end product of this bacterial conversion of CS is ammonia, increasing the within-ice availability of nitrogen to ice algae on the verge of blooming as photosynthetically active radiation penetrates the ice. Elements of this proposed seasonal synergy between bacteria and algae encased in sea ice will be examined by a combination of field and laboratory approaches. Sea-ice brines will be collected during fall freeze-up and spring-bloom periods and tested for bacterial uptake of choline, conversion to CS, and remineralization, using radiolabeled and stable isotope-based incubations and spectroscopic methods. The latter will reveal the key bacterial phylotypes responsible for a CS-based seasonal synergy within sea ice. Measurements of temperature, salinity, pH, bacterial and viral abundances, chlorophyll pigments, and extracellular polysaccharide substances will provide environmental and biological context. Pure cultures of available and newly acquired (on CS- based media) sea-ice bacteria will be examined across temperature and salinity gradients to clarify the key processes. This award will help to launch the faculty career of a polar early career scientist and provide unique training opportunities to graduate and undergraduate students in the field, in the laboratory, at the computer, and in outreach efforts in Washington State, Alaska and Greenland. By conducting the proposed field research from the Greenland Climate Research Center in Nuuk, Greenland, this US team will foster international cooperation among scientists from the US, Greenland and Denmark, adding to the outcome and continuing pan-Arctic goals of the recently completed International Polar Year.
DOI: 10.18739/a20863591
title: Bacterial survival in sea ice brines: salinity shifts and the cellular fate of compatible solutes

description: In exploring the temperature and salinity tolerances of bacteria in sea ice, we hypothesized a seasonal synergy between bacteria and algae, based on bacterial uptake and metabolism of compatible solutes. In this model, algae release choline into the brine pockets of new sea ice, which can then be converted to compatible solutes by bacteria as a means to resist the osmotic stress of inhabiting brines that will become colder and more saline (&gt; 210 ppt) in winter. In spring, as the ice warms and brine salinities (and osmotic stress) decrease, bacteria will metabolize these compatible solutes as nitrogen-rich carbon sources, potentially recycling ammonia to the algae. For initial testing of this hypothesis, samples of sea ice, brines and seawater were collected from Nuuk, Greenland, in spring 2013. Sample treatments included incubation at 1°C and at salinities higher than, similar to or lower than original conditions after amendment with 14C-choline. The proportions of respired choline (implying metabolism) versus retained choline (implying conversion to compatible solute for osmotic protection) were compared between treatments. Samples exposed to lower salinities respired a greater fraction of the total 14C-choline transported into cells (51 103% converted to 14CO2) compared to samples exposed to higher salinities (3 28% respired), validating key aspects of the proposed model. Ongoing work involves similar experiments with model organisms and plans to study more natural samples obtained from coastal Greenland at different times in the lifecycle of sea ice.
DOI: 10.18739/a2vh5cj4n
title: Collaborative Research: The NEEM Deep Ice Core

description: The North Eemian (NEEM) Deep Ice Core Project was designed to acquire a new ice core in northern Greenland. NEEM is an international effort, led by the glaciology group at the University of Copenhagen. More than a dozen countries have expressed a desire to participate. The US is a main partner in NEEM and is already providing about one-third of the logistics costs needed to collect the ice core. US scientists will take the lead on gas and gas isotope analyses and studies of the physics of gas incorporation into ice, they will place the modern climate in the context of the past two millennia, and they will help provide the basic temperature records in the ice needed to place all analyses in a climate context. A particular focus of the project will be on high temporal resolution to explore abrupt climate shifts. The most prominent analyses will focus on gas concentrations, in particular carbon monoxide, and stable isotopes of oxygen, hydrogen, argon, krypton, and carbon. A final subproject will focus on the firnification processes in order to understand the advection and diffusion of gases through the snow and ice and the development of ice bubbles that preserve the atmospheric gases. Funding Source: Arctic Natural Sciences (ANS) Sponsor: Dartmouth College - Thayer School of Engineering, 14 Engineering Dr. Hanover, NH 03755 USA
DOI: 10.18739/a2m03xx7j
title: Atmospheric d13C of CH4 covering the past 2,000 years, Greenland

description: Data on the d13C of atmospheric CH4 from NEEM ice core.
DOI: 10.18739/a2qr4nr0h
title: Hydroxyl (OH) airglow image data, Alaska, February 14, 2011

description: Airglow image data of various emissions are stored in .png image format. The filename indicates the observation site (PFRR = Poker Flat Research Range), the observation time (year, month, day, hour, min, and sec) of image acquisition start, and finally the emission identifier follows (for example OH or Na). Please note that this data set is the RAW data and contain the entire set of images obtained during the project period. This include high, medium, and low quality image data. While we do not require co-authorship in publications using the data set, we encourage users to contact the PI to make sure the data has been interpreted correctly. Otherwise, standard scientific ethic is expected.
DOI: 10.18739/a2gb1xh5n
title: Glacier's effects in terrestrial sub-Arctic hydrology, 2014-2017

description: This project will develop a comprehensive assessment of the glacier-permafrost-hydrology system in light of anticipated increases in glacier wastage and permafrost degradation with climate warming. Current limited understanding of the integrated effects of glaciers and permafrost on terrestrial hydrology inhibits quantification of the impact of cryospheric changes on arctic water resources. Glaciers in permafrost landscapes feed and recharge aquifers in otherwise semi-arid lowlands, which despite relatively low precipitation rates, contain extensive wetlands. The specific objectives of this study are to 1) assess the hydrologic pathways of glacier wastage within a watershed underlain by discontinuous permafrost through hydrologic and geochemical field measurements, 2) quantify the effect of glaciers and permafrost on recent historical (1960-present) hydrologic fluxes and storage by combining glacier mass balance, hydrologic, and geochemical field measurements with an existing heat- and mass transfer model that couples glacier mass balance to downstream hydrology, and 3) project the future hydrologic regime using custom-derived downscaled climate projections (5 km) for the Tanana River basin, Alaska. The major products of the project will include a quantification of the controls that govern the hydrologic processes in glacier- and permafrost affected watersheds.
DOI: 10.18739/a26t0gw8m
title: Arctic Sea Ice

description: The U.S. National Ice Center (NIC) is an inter-agency sea ice analysis and forecasting center comprised of Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Department of Defense/U.S. Navy, and Department of Homeland Security/U.S. Coast Guard components. Since 1972, NIC has produced Arctic and Antarctic sea ice charts. This data set is an Arctic sea ice concentration climatology derived from the NIC weekly or biweekly operational ice chart time series. The charts used in the climatology are from 1972 through 2004, and the monthly climatology products are median, maximum, minimum, first quartile, and third quartile concentrations, as well as frequency of occurrence of ice at any concentration for 33 year, 10 year, and 5 year periods. These climatologies and the charts from which they are derived are provided in 25 km EASE-Grid (the NSIDC Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grid/gridded binary). Ice extent can be derived from concentration by summing the number of equal area EASE-Grid cells. GIF browse files are also provided. The climatologies are also made available in a Geographical Information System (GIS) compatible format. NIC charts are produced through the analyses of available in situ, remote sensing, and model data sources. They are generated primarily for mission planning and safety of navigation. NIC charts generally show more ice than do passive microwave derived sea ice concentrations, particularly in the summer when passive microwave algorithms tend to underestimate ice concentration. The record of sea ice concentration from the NIC series is believed to be more accurate than that from passive microwave sensors, especially from the mid-1990s on (see references in the documentation), but it lacks the consistency of some passive microwave time series.
DOI: 10.18739/a2319s335
title: Hydroxyl (OH) airglow image data, Alaska, January 19, 2011

description: Airglow image data of various emissions are stored in .png image format. The filename indicates the observation site (PFRR = Poker Flat Research Range), the observation time (year, month, day, hour, min, and sec) of image acquisition start, and finally the emission identifier follows (for example OH or Na). Please note that this data set is the RAW data and contain the entire set of images obtained during the project period. This include high, medium, and low quality image data. While we do not require co-authorship in publications using the data set, we encourage users to contact the PI to make sure the data has been interpreted correctly. Otherwise, standard scientific ethic is expected.
DOI: 10.18739/a2z892f8j
title: High Resolution elemental analysis of TupungatitoGlacier, Chile, ice core

description: Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer analysis of Chilean glacier.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ww7k3p
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 80689 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Lynx lynx (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 80689 records from 240 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0027711-241107131044228/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.18739/a2th8bn4d
title: High Resolution elemental analysis of South Georgia ice cores

description: Laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry analysis of Nord and Fortuna glacier ice cores.
DOI: 10.18739/a2pr7mv1r
title: Sub-millimeter resolution chemical analysis by LA-ICP-MS

description: Sodium, calcium, and iron sampled at 121 um resolution along GISP2 1677 m and 1678 m.
DOI: 10.18739/a2k35md9j
title: NOA-Peru LA-ICP-MS

description: High resolution laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry results.
DOI: 10.18739/a29k45t24
title: Clumped theoretical calculations from Hill et al., 2014

description: Electronic appendices containing theoretical predictions of equilibrium clumped isotope fractionations from Hill et al., 2014, Theoretical constraints on the effects of pH, salinity, and temperature on clumped isotope signatures of dissolved inorganic carbon species and precipitating carbonate minerals, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 125, 610.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.6xpvwk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1969 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is CAS Herpetology (HERP)",
 "TaxonKey is Phrynosoma Wiegmann, 1828"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1969 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0027713-241107131044228/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.18739/a2fb4wm6w
title: Accessing the potential of clumped isotope thermometry to constrain temperatures in the Arctic during the Pliocene

description: The specific goal of this research is to identify whether carbonate "clumped isotope" thermometry can be applied to mollusks to accurately and precisely reconstruct temperatures in the Arctic. Previous work has shown that the occurrence of multiple rare isotope substitutions in carbonate minerals, also referred to as the "clumping" of heavy isotopes into bonds with each other, is temperature dependent. This temperature proxy is also independent of the del-18O of water and the del-13C of dissolved inorganic carbon. Initial studies of biologically-precipitated calcite and aragonite by the PI and co-PI and collaborators indicate that the measurements of 13C-18O bond abundance should allow one to make a relatively assumption-free determination of the temperature at which a mineral formed. Although this new proxy looks promising, calibration of the clumped isotope thermometer at low temperatures (i.e., below 15C) is limited. Therefore the utility of this proxy for climate reconstructions in the Arctic is unclear. This project will determine the accuracy and precision of the technique when applied to biological samples grown at Arctic temperatures and, consequently, the ability of this technique to assess paleo ocean temperatures in polar regions. The instrumental record of temperature only goes back in time a few hundred years, at most. In order to understand the natural variability of temperature, either locally or globally, we require much longer records. To develop such records, we rely on proxy measurements for temperature. Use of such proxies requires assumptions and often imposes large error bars on the estimated temperature. This project will determine the usefulness of a new proxy in the polar regions. This research is an Early-concept Grant for Exploratory Research (EAGER) proposal.
DOI: 10.18739/a25t3g079
title: Clumped isotope data from Eagle et al 2013

description: Clumped isotope data from Eagle et al 2013, The influence of temperature and seawater carbonate saturation state on 13C 18O bond ordering in bivalve mollusks, Biogeosciences, 10, 4591. Data tables are within the pdf document. Link to original paper is here: http://www.biogeosciences.net/10/4591/2013/bg-10-4591-2013.html
DOI: 10.18739/a2222r63g
title: Clumped isotope data from Tang et al., 2014

description: Clumped isotope data from Tang et al 2014, Evaluation of kinetic effects on clumped isotope fractionation (D47) during inorganic calcite precipitation, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 134, 120. Data tables are within the pdf document. Link to original paper is here: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703714001598
DOI: 10.18739/a2x921j9b
title: Perceptions and implications of thawing permafrost and climate change in two Inupiaq villages of arctic Alaska

description: Survey responses of residents of the arctic Inupiaq villages of Anaktuvuk Pass (n=39) and Selawik (n=41), Alaska. The survey elicited local knowledge, perceptions, and speculations about current and future implications of thawing permafrost and other aspects of climate change for ways of life in these communities, focusing on subsistence, infrastructure, water resources, and transportation as key areas of potential impacts. Human dimensions data were collected and analyzed in conjunction with local thaw depth data as part of an interdisciplinary study of the implications of thawing permafrost and climate change for the social-ecological systems of two communities whose ways of life rely on close interactions with their local environments.
DOI: 10.18739/a2sj19r6p
title: Chemistry and Water Flow of Thermokarst Impacted Soils, Lakes, and Streams on Alaska's North Slope

description: These files contain data collected from thermokarst impacted soils, lakes, and streams near Toolik Lake Alaska. Data are also presented for experimental manipulations of water (e.g., time course experiments).
DOI: 10.18739/a2nv99b3r
title: Multiple Element Limitation Thermal Erosion Features

description: We calibrated the Multiple Element Limitation (MEL IVarc, Rastetter et al., 2013 and Pearce et al., in press) model to Alaskan arctic tundra to simulate recovery of thermal erosion features (TEFs) caused by permafrost thaw and mass wasting. The MEL model was calibrated to match annual C, N, P and water fluxes of tussock tundra on the North Slope of Alaska near Toolik Lake, AK (68° 38'N, 149° 43'W) (see Pearce, in press for details). The calibrated simulates acidic tussock tundra under 2000 climatic conditions, warming, warming and fertilization, fertilization, and decreased solar radiation reasonably well. In all TEF simulations we assumed that the slope failure caused by the disturbance had stabilized prior to the start of the simulation and that there was no ongoing downslope mass transfer. We cut initial biomass by 90% to reflect the loss of the majority of the standing biomass after a thermal erosion disturbance. We than ran several simulations with varying Phase I and Phase II SOM to reflect a range of possible post-disturbance conditions among and within TEFs. We also simulated conditions that result in a higher availability of nutrients than in the undisturbed tundra used for our calibration.
DOI: 10.18739/a2j38kj0d
title: Stream Ecology of Thermokarsts and Impacted Waters in Alaska's Noatak and North Slope

description: Biogeochemistry, Benthic Chemistry, and Whole Stream Metabolism of thermokarst impacted waters on Alaska's North Slope and Noatak region.
DOI: 10.18739/a28k74x1d
title: Environmental change in the Arctic Ocean: a synthesis and retrospective analysis of zooplankton communities

description: Funds are provided to determine how arctic zooplankton communities have varied over interannual to decadal periods, from regional to panarctic scales. The PI states the specific hypotheses that zooplankton biomass may be increasing, due to environmental changes, and that the prevalence of the dominant copepod in deeper waters, Calanus hyperboreus, may be eroded by smaller congeneric species. He will assess the validity of this hypothesis by (1) filling the regional data gap over the Canada Basin through analysis of zooplankton samples collected or to be collected by the himself between 2002-2011; (2) assembling available zooplankton and environmental data throughout the Arctic into a single data portal for a GIS-based and spatially explicit modeling of community structures, species abundances, biomass, and distributions; and (3) rescuing precious older ?unpublished? data sets and grey literature worldwide, many of which he has already assembled or will have full access to, that will strengthen and extend his modeling efforts back more than 50 years.
DOI: 10.25814/7ygw-4d64
title: Land use of Australia 2010–11 to 2015–16, 250 m
DOI: 10.5066/p9do61lp
title: World Terrestrial Ecosystems (WTE) 2020

description: The World Terrestrial Ecosystems datalayer is a global raster dataset at a 250 m spatial resolution where 431 ecosystem types are identified and mapped. Each ecosystem type is a unique combination of vegetation/land cover, climate region, and landform.
DOI: 10.34808/7zxz-vw46
title: Complex modulus of Cement Bitumen Treated Material Mixture (28 days of curing at 20C)

description: Dataset presents data of complex modulus determined for cold recycled mixture – cement bitumen treated material mixture with 3 combinations of binding agents: 2% cement, 6% emulsion (C2E6), 6% cement, 6% emulsion (C6E6), 6% cement, 2% emulsion (C6E2). Mixture was designed according to Polish requirements for the base course of pavement. Mixture contains 70% of RAP material. Specimen size: f=100 mm, h=150mm. 
Data was obtained on the Simple Performance Tester (IPC global) for 3 temperatures (+4, +20 and +40°C). Gauge length was 70 mm.
Test load was selected as haversine compression with varied target strain range – from 10-20µstrain up to 190-200µstrain.
DOI: 10.5067/5kfz6gxrhzkn
title: MERRA-2 tavgU_2d_chm_Nx: 2d,Diurnal,Time-Averaged,Single-Level,Assimilation,Carbon Monoxide and Ozone Diagnostics V5.12.4
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2586547
title: The output and the log files from RNA-Seq workflow benchmark for CWL-metrics manuscript

description: The output files and log files generated by the workflow executions for RNA-Seq workflow benchmark by CWL-metrics, from the manuscript "Accumulating computational resource usage of genomic data analysis workflow to optimize cloud computing instance selection" (https://doi.org/10.1101/456756).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2587202
title: The reference index files used for RNA-seq workflow benchmark in CWL-metrics manuscript

description: The reference files used in the RNA-Seq workflow benchmark in the manuscript "Accumulating computational resource usage of genomic data analysis workflow to optimize cloud computing instance selection" (https://doi.org/10.1101/456756).
DOI: 10.5285/9972bc173ef94068b2070d4b26f849a7
title: MIDAS Open: UK soil temperature data, v201908

description: The UK soil temperature data contain daily and hourly values of soil temperatures at depths of 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, and 100 centimetres. The measurements were recorded by observation stations operated by the Met Office across the UK and transmitted within NCM or DLY3208 messages. The data spans from 1900 to 2018. This version supersedes the previous version of this dataset and a change log is available in the archive, and in the linked documentation for this record, detailing the differences between this version and the previous version. The change logs detail new, replaced and removed data. At many stations temperatures below the surface are measured at various depths. The depths used today are 5, 10, 20, 30 and 100cm, although measurements are not necessarily made at all these depths at a station and exceptionally measurements may be made at other depths. When imperial units were in general use, typically before 1961, the normal depths of measurement were 4, 8, 12, 24 and 48 inches. Liquid-in-glass soil thermometers at a depth of 20 cm or less are unsheathed and have a bend in the stem between the bulb and the lowest graduation. At greater depths the thermometer is suspended in a steel tube and has its bulb encased in wax. This dataset is part of the Midas-open dataset collection made available by the Met Office under the UK Open Government Licence, containing only UK mainland land surface observations owned or operated by the Met Office. It is a subset of the fuller, restricted Met Office Integrated Data Archive System (MIDAS) Land and Marine Surface Stations dataset, also available through the Centre for Environmental Data Analysis - see the related dataset section on this record.