cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/9hl-xpy-ndb
title: Amaranthaceae Juss.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/y00-7k6-qay
title: Pupalia lappacea (L.) A. Juss.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.3535/f52-gda-8nf
title: Cyathula cylindrica Moq.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin.
DOI: 10.25921/8tdp-ba95
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Porter - Jamieson Channel 1 Mackenzie Delta - PCGL - ITRDB CANA508

description: We present a reconstruction of June-July minimum temperatures since AD 1245 for the Mackenzie Delta region based on a 29-site network of white spruce (Picea glauca) ring-width series. Most but not all trees experienced a divergent temperature-growth response, similar to the divergence that has affected other white spruce trees across Yukon and Alaska. However, divergence in the study region began as early as AD 1900 and we have documented our methods to avoid including divergent signals in the reconstruction. Calibration/verification testing based on local temperature data, and multi-century coherence with nearby and large-scale temperature proxy records, confirm that our reconstruction is robust. The reconstruction shows cool conditions in the late 13th, early 18th and early 19th centuries, corresponding with solar minima and increased volcanism. These cool periods are interrupted by warm periods consistent with early to mid-20th century warmth. The late 20th century is the warmest interval, and the last decade is estimated to be 1.4C warmer than any decade before the mid-20th century. The reconstructed climate history corroborates other proxy-based inferences and supports the notion that high-latitude regions such as the Mackenzie Delta have experienced rapid warming in recent decades that is exceptional in the last eight centuries.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-01-27. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/88ch-z449
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Scharnweber - Blumberg - FASY - ITRDB GERM217

description: For north-eastern Germany regional climate models project rising temperatures in combination with decreasing summer and increasing winter precipitation. The resulting overall drier conditions during the growing season will considerably impact forest growth there. We evaluate the consequences of increasing drought on the growth of the two locally most important broadleaf tree species common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.). Three mixed forests of beech and oak were sampled along a west-east gradient of declining precipitation. In total we used 257 ring-width samples from 133 trees to build six species and site specific chronologies. Additionally, we modelled the soil water budget for each site. We performed continuous and discontinuous (pointer year) analysis of climate-tree-growth relationships with particular emphasis on inter-annual-variations and their dependence upon climatic factors (temperature, precipitation, soil moisture) and on the stability of the obtained relationships. Results of climate-growth correlations together with pointer year analysis indicate a strong dependency of growth of both species from water availability, especially during early summer (June and July). General correlation pattern between growth and climate are similar for both species, but climate sensitivity of beech is generally higher. We identified drought as the main driver of negative growth depressions in both species. Increasing drought stress along the gradient is expressed in higher correlations to climatic variables, higher sensitivity (variance) of growth, and a higher number of negative pointer years for both species. For beech we also found a significant trend of decreasing average growth rates along the gradient. Growth superiority of beech compared to oak declines with decreasing precipitation. The relationships were generally stable throughout the 20th century. A rise of sensitivity together with a higher frequency of negative pointer years during the last decades suggests that increasing climatic variability together with rising temperatures might be influencing growth of Fagus at the more humid sites. If we substitute space by time it seems that already small changes in precipitation regime can have considerable impact, especially on the growth of beech. Other, more drought tolerant species like oak might gain competitive advantages under the projected climatic changes.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/8v7j-4230
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Global Ocean Tidal Energy Dissipation Model Data for the Present and Last Glacial Maximum

description: Due to lower sea levels during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), tidal energy dissipation was shifted from the shallow margins into the deep ocean. Here using a high-resolution tide model, we estimate that global energy fluxes below 200?m depth were almost quadrupled during the LGM. Applying the energy fluxes to a consistent tidal mixing parameterization of a global climate model results in a large intensification of mixing. Global mean vertical diffusivity increases by more than a factor of 3, and consequently, the simulated meridional overturning circulation accelerates by ~21–46%. In the model, these effects are at least as important as those from changes in surface boundary conditions. Our findings contrast with the prevailing view that the abyssal LGM circulation was more sluggish. We conclude that changes in tidal mixing are an important mechanism that may have strongly increased the glacial deep ocean circulation and should no longer be neglected in paleoclimate simulations.

description: This dataset includes three directories:
1) orig/ includes the original netcdf datafiles from the tide model
       and files used to convert them to ascii output.
       Contains tidal dissipation files including only IT drag
       obtained from Sophie-Bernice Wilmes

        dissipation_00.0kyrBP_ITfricPD_I0.02_191556.nc
        dissipation_21.0kyrBP_ITfricLGM0_I0.02_583323.nc

      First used ferret and the script read_diss_ITfric.jnl to produce
      the files ITfric*inverse*.txt. Then I used the fortran program flip_lat.f
      to produce the files ITfric*.txt. Next I used make_diss.jnl to produce the
      diss.nc files in the pd/ and lgm/ directories. Appropriate lines in the
      scripts and fortran code need to be commented out.
 2) pd/ includes the present day data averaging on the UVic model grid
        including sub-gridscale bathymetry
 3) lgm/ as for pd/ but for LGM data
DOI: 10.25921/85qz-vb53
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Urewera Tree ring width, PAGES Australasia 2k Version

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Uploaded by R. Neukom, data obtained from NOAA Paleo DB.
	These are not raw data but processed and truncated chronologies. Details see (Neukom and Gergis 2011, The Holocene, DOI: 10.1177/0959683611427335). For the raws contact the authors or check ITRDB newz063.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.25316.17281
title: The issue of environmental impacts and management of dietary protein
DOI: 10.25921/8gq6-hb15
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Heyerdahl fire data from Potholes, central Oregon - IMPD USPOT002

description: In parts of central Oregon, coarse-textured pumice substrates limit forest composition to low-density lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) with scattered ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson) and a shrub understory dominated by antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.).  We reconstructed the historical fire regime from tree rings and simulated fire behavior over 783 hectares of this forest type.  For centuries (1650-1900), extensive mixed-severity fires occurred every 26 to 82 years, creating a multi-aged forest and shrub mosaic.  Simulation modeling suggests that the historical mix of surface and passive crown fire were primarily driven by shrub biomass and wind speed.  However, a century of fire exclusion has reduced the potential for the high-severity patches of fire that were common historically, likely by reducing bitterbrush cover, the primary ladder fuel.  This reduced shrub cover is likely to persist until fire or insects create new canopy gaps.  Crown fire potential may increase even with current fuel loadings if the climate predicted for mid-century lowers fuel moistures, but only under rare extreme winds.  This study expands our emerging understanding of complexity in the disturbance dynamics of lodgepole pine across its broad North American range.
description: This site was sampled as part of a project to reconstruct historical fire regimes in central Oregon.

Ring-boundary fire scars were assigned to the preceding calendar year.

Several metadata files are provided with the FHX file.   -999 in any file indicates no data.

Ring-boundary fire scars were assigned to the preceding calendar year.

Several metadata files are provided with the FHX file.   -999 in any file indicates no data.

Four supplemental information files are located at URL -  http://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/  :

(1) uspot002-plot-data.csv provides information on the plots.

(2) uspot002-saplings.csv provides information on small trees that we did not attempt to remove wood samples from.  These trees were tallied in each plot by species and diameter class (measured at breast height, 1.4 m) in 5.6-m radius plots.  Diameter classes:  2.5 (0-5 cm), 7.5 (5-10 cm), 15 (10-20 cm). 

(3) uspot002-scarred-tree-info.csv provides information on fire-scarred trees, including ones we also sampled for recruitment date.

(4) uspot002-undatable-trees.csv provides information on trees from which it did not appear that we could obtain intact wood samples.
DOI: 10.25921/8xrv-rd23
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GRIP Ice Core 133KYr Mineralogy of Atmospheric Micro-Particles

description: The mineralogical composition of atmospheric dust particles changes along the Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice core in phase with other paleoatmospheric records, showing that climatic changes affect the location, the relative extent, and the surface characteristics of the dust source areas. Fifty GRIP ice samples from the Eemian to the last glacial maximum were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope coupled with X ray energy dispersive system microprobe. More than 20 mineral types or groups were identified and their relative abundance was evaluated. A different mineralogical composition was systematically observed in cold and warm time periods. Quartz, illite, chlorite, micas, and feldspars prevail in the mineral assemblage associated with cold stages or phases (marine isotope stage (MIS) 4, MIS 2, cold part of MIS 3 fast variations), while kaolinite and Fe (hydr)oxides dominate in warm episodes (MIS 5e5, warm parts of fast variations). The first dust mineral assemblage is related mainly to the mechanical weathering prevailing in arid and cold mid-high-latitude areas, while the second dust mineral assemblage is related mainly to deep chemical weathering in warm and humid low-latitude areas. K/C and O/Q ratios may be assumed as indicative of the relative importance of low-latitude versus arid and mid-high-latitude source areas. It is worthwhile to mention that the first warmer part of Eemian (5e5) differs in dust mineralogy from the second part (5e4-5e1) and that also the fast variations are accompanied by clear mineralogical changes of the dust microparticles. The changes of the atmospheric dust mineral background are possibly related to changes of the atmosphere dynamics (meridian pressure gradient, polar front shift, storm track changes, etc.) and or to changes in the relative extent of the deflation source areas.
description: This file contains measured abundances of atmospheric micro-particles,
segregated by mineralogy, in the GRIP ice core.
DOI: 10.25921/8b9t-1h52
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 1997 Layer-Counter Timescale

description: The Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) depth-age scale is presented based on a multiparameter continuous count approach, to a depth of 2800 m, using a systematic combination of parameters that have never been used to this extent before. The ice at 2800 m is dated at 110,000 years B.P. with an estimated error ranging from 1 to 10% in the top 2500 m of the core and averaging 20% between 2500 and 2800 m. Parameters used to date the core include visual stratigraphy, oxygen isotopic ratios of the ice, electrical conductivity measurements, laser-light scattering from dust, volcanic signals, and major ion chemistry. GISP2 ages for major climatic events agree with independent ages based on varve chronologies, calibrated radiocarbon dates, and other techniques within the combined uncertainties. Good agreement also is obtained with Greenland Ice Core Project ice core dates and with the SPECMAP marine timescale after correlation through the d18O of O2. Although the core is deformed below 2800 m and the continuity of the record is unclear, we attempted to date this section of the core on the basis of the laser-light scattering of dust in the ice.
description: This is the depth-age scale for the GISP2 D core based on annual layer counting.  This time-scale provides more annual detail than the official GISP2 timescale (the Meese/Sowers timescale).
DOI: 10.25921/8ctk-8v26
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - SW USA 2000 Year Growing Degree Days and Precipitation Reconstructions

description: Cycles of demographic and organizational change are well documented in Neolithic societies, but the social and ecological processes underlying them are debated. Such periodicities are implicit in the “Pecos classification,” a chronology for the pre-Hispanic U.S. Southwest introduced in Science in 1927 which is still widely used. To understand these periodicities, we analyzed 29,311 archaeological tree-ring dates from A.D. 500 to 1400 in the context of a novel high spatial resolution, annual reconstruction of the maize dry-farming niche for this same period. We argue that each of the Pecos periods initially incorporates an “exploration” phase, followed by a phase of “exploitation” of niches that are simultaneously ecological, cultural, and organizational. Exploitation phases characterized by demographic expansion and aggregation ended with climatically driven downturns in agricultural favorability, undermining important bases for social consensus. Exploration phases were times of socio-ecological niche discovery and development.
description: High spatial resolution (30 arc-second) Southwestern United States tree-ring reconstructions of May-September Growing-degree Days (GDD) and Net Water-year Precipitation (previous October - current November). The reconstructions were performed using the "PaleoCAR" method detailed in Bocinsky and Kohler (2014).
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.15826.56003
title: Co-morbidity 16-11-04
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.29248.33285
title: Drug Treatment 16-11-04
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.35959.21921
title: General Bulletin 16-11-04
DOI: 10.25921/8dzd-yv11
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas 64,000 Year Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data

description: Northern Hemisphere tropical paleoclimate records support significant changes associated with Dansgaard Oeschger (D/O) events and Heinrich stadials 1 to 6 during the last 64,000 years. However, few absolutely dated terrestrial records from the western Atlantic span the last six Heinrich stadials. Here we present geochemical results from three new stalagmites collected from a cave in the Bahamas which encompass Heinrich stadials 1 to 6. We build on a previous study of the d13C and d18O values of the calcite and d18O value of fluid inclusions from a single stalagmite from the same cave spanning the last three Heinrich stadials. Absolute geochronometry using U-Th equilibrium series demonstrates that the stalagmites formed between 63.8 to 13.8 kyr BP. The d13C and d18O values of the calcite show higher values associated with Heinrich stadials 1-6, and lower values during the D/O interstadial events. The Sr/Ca ratios of the calcite are shown to be relatively invariant, while in two of the samples the Mg/Ca ratios track the d13C values. Increases in the d18O values across Heinrich stadials 1-6 are interpreted as being driven by lower temperatures. The two deeper occurring stalagmites demonstrate increased Mg/Ca ratios and d13C values during Heinrich stadials 1 and 2 which are interpreted as a signal of reduced flow rates in the epikarst and increased water/rock interactions as a result of increased aridity which potentially occurred across all six Heinrich stadials. The observed reductions in mean annual temperature and amount of precipitation across Heinrich stadials are proposed to be driven by a reduction in sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic and an expanded Bermuda High. During D/O interstadials, the Bahamas cave records likely indicate warmer and/or wetter climate; however the isotopic shifts are not as significant as the isotopic excursions associated with Heinrich stadials.
description: Speleothem stable isotope (d18O, d13C) and geochemical (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca) data from stalagmites collected in Abaco Island Cave, Bahamas for the past 64,000 years.
DOI: 10.25921/8v9k-2h26
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Re-Standardized Tree-Ring Chronologies

description: We investigate relationships between climate and tree-ring data on a global scale using the process-based Vaganov-Shashkin Lite (VSL) forward model of tree-ring width formation. The VSL model requires as inputs only latitude, monthly mean temperature, and monthly accumulated precipitation. Hence, this simple, process-based model enables ring-width simulation at any location where monthly climate records exist. In this study, we analyse the growth response of simulated tree rings to monthly climate conditions obtained from the CRU TS3.1 data set back to 1901. Our key aims are (a) to assess the VSL model performance by examining the relations between simulated and observed growth at 2287 globally distributed sites, (b) indentify optimal growth parameters found during the model calibration, and (c) to evaluate the potential of the VSL model as an observation operator for data-assimilation-based reconstructions of climate from tree-ring width. The assessment of the growth-onset threshold temperature of approximately 4-6 C for most sites and species using a Bayesian estimation approach complements other studies on the lower temperature limits where plant growth may be sustained. Our results suggest that the VSL model skilfully simulates site level tree-ring series in response to climate forcing for a wide range of environmental conditions and species. Spatial aggregation of the tree-ring chronologies to reduce non-climatic noise at the site level yielded notable improvements in the coherence between modelled and actual growth. The resulting distinct and coherent patterns of significant relationships between the aggregated and simulated series further demonstrate the VSL model's ability to skilfully capture the climatic signal contained in tree-ring series. Finally, we propose that the VSL model can be used as an observation operator in data assimilation approaches to reconstruct past climate.
description: Breitenmoser et al. 2014 Re-standardized  tree-ring chronologies for 2287 sites from the International Tree-ring Data Bank, reformatted to WDC-Paleo template format.
DOI: 10.25921/8db0-qw57
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Copenheaver - Stadium Woods - QUAL - ITRDB VA037

description: On the Virginia Tech campus, adjacent to the football stadium is a 4.6-ha forest fragment that contains a population of unusually large white oak (Quercus alba L.) trees. We used dendroecology and sampled vegetation in fixed area plots to reconstruct the disturbance history of this forest fragment and compared the radial-growth averaging criteria and the boundary-line release criteria for identifying canopy disturbances. Structurally, the Stadium Woods has an inverse-J diameter distribution and trees present in all canopy strata. The oldest white oak had periods of asynchronous suppression and release indicating a closed canopy forest with periodic canopy disturbances. The boundary-line release criteria detect a broader range of growth releases, whereas the radial-growth averaging criteria are more specialized for capturing canopy gaps. Release events identified with the boundary-line release criteria lagged an average of 5.8 years behind those identified with the radial-growth averaging criteria because the boundary line release criteria identifies the year of maximum percent growth change, whereas the radial-growth averaging criteria identifies the first year with a detectable increase in radial growth. The Stadium Woods represents a unique collection of unusually large white oak trees growing in a heavily populated area and reveals the importance of long-term tree-ring chronologies stored within urban forest fragments.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/8cvy-9q57
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Micron-scale Intrashell Oxygen Isotope Data in the Cultured Planktic Foraminifer O. universa

description: In this study, we show that the rate of shell precipitation in the extant planktic foraminifer Orbulina universa is sufficiently rapid that 12 h calcification periods in 18O-labeled seawater can be resolved and accurately measured using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) for in situ d18O analyses. Calcifying O. universa held at constant temperature (22°C) were transferred every 12 h between ambient seawater (d18Ow = -0.4‰ VSMOW) and seawater with enriched barium and d18Ow = +18.6‰ VSMOW, to produce geochemically distinct layers of calcite, separated by calcite precipitated with an ambient geochemical signature. We quantify the position of the Ba-labeled calcite in the shell wall of O. universa via laser ablation ICP-MS depth profiling of trace element ratios, and then measure intrashell d18Ocalcite in the same shells using SIMS with a 3 µm spot and an average precision of 0.6‰ (±2 SD). Measured d18Ocalcite values in O. universa shell layers are within ±1.1‰ of predicted d18Ocalcite values. Elemental and oxygen isotope data show that LA-ICP-MS and SIMS measurements can be cross-correlated within the spatial resolution of the two analytical techniques, and that d18Ocalcite and elemental tracers appear to be precipitated synchronously with no measurable spatial offsets. These results demonstrate the capability of SIMS to resolve daily growth increments in foraminifer shells, and highlight its potential for paleoceanographic and biomineralization applications on microfossils.