cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.806
title: KNOWLEDGE PERCEPTION AND PRACTICE AMONG FEMALE INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS TOWARDS CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN CHULALONGKORN UNIVERSITY BANGKOK THAILAND

description: Cervical cancer a female genital tract cancer is the second commonest cancer of females worldwide after breast cancer. This cancer can be prevented through early detection by cervical screening.This study seeks to assess the knowledge, perception and practices of these female international students at Chulalongkorn University relating to cervical cancer and cervical screening. This research was a cross-sectional descriptive study which made use of self- administered anonymously structured questionnaires to achieve the set objectives as well as assess the socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral profile of the target population. Using purposive sampling technique, a total of 172 questionnaires were analyzed as percentage, mean, standard deviation, bi-variate and logistic regression model. This study shows that about 25% of respondents were 18-20 years old, mean age was 24.4 years (standard deviation 5.5) the range is from 18 to 40 years, the majority of them were undergraduates (52.3%) while 40.1% were in the master’s degree level, with 7.6% in the PhD degree level. The majority of the respondents are from Asia origin with South East Asians comprising of 29.0 % East Asians about 18.6 % South Asians 14.0 % the respondents from the European countries were about 28.5%, Americans 5.8% and Africans were the least with only 7 respondents. Awareness about cervical cancer was significantly high among female international students (99.4%), whilst knowledge on the risk factors was insufficient. Although, 56.4% of the respondents claimed to be aware of Pap smear, only 50.0% correctly knew its purpose as a screening method for cervical cancer. Overall perception was positive by more than half (51%) of the respondents and practice of cervical screening among respondents was only 12.2%. Further statistical analysis showed a significant association between knowledge of cervical cancer and practice of cervical screening among the respondents ( p-value=0.014). About 60.5% of the respondents have the intention to uptake cervical screening in the future with age (OR: 3.4., 95%Cl: 1.04-2.0), seen to be the predictor of respondents’ intention to uptake cervical screening in the future. This study shows that overall awareness of cervical screening was low among female international students at Chulalongkorn University while uptake of cervical screening was equally poor.Therefore to improve the knowledge gap reported in this study, further health education is recommended for this class of respondents.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.807
title: PERCEPTION ABOUT HEALTH RISK AND HEALTH PROTECTION FROM CROPS AND FOREST FIRE SMOKE AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT IN NAN PROVINCE THAILAND

description: The study was carried out among high school students in Nan Province, Thailand with the objective of determining the receiving information, perception, and health protection of crops and forest fire smoke. Two hundred and seventy eight students were randomly selected and provided with self-administrated questionnaire. About 60% of the students were female. The mean age was 16±1.65 years. Nearly 65% were studying in senior high school level. The public information sources such as television, local radio, newspaper, and advertisement were the most common sources which the respondents used to receive the crops and forest fire smoke information. Most students had received all information sometimes. Most students had moderate level of receiving information (mean = 19±4.30). The majority of students had high perceptions and good understanding on the cause of the smoke and environment and health effects of the smoke. Most students had moderate level of perception (mean = 27.00±4.21). Most students used all of the health protection measures to protect them from the crops and forest fire smoke including resident environmental adaptation; personal lifestyle modification; and community participation. Most students had moderate of health protection (mean = 6.54± 2.16). This study found that health protection was significantly associated with studying level (p-value=0.036), receiving information (p-value = 0.033), and perception (p-value &lt; 0.001). Moreover the perception was significantly associated with receiving information (p-value = 0.011). Receiving information was the important factor of increasing the health risk perception and health protection from crops and forest fire smoke among the high school student. Health risk perception was the most important factor of health protection to avoiding and reducing the crops and forest fire smoke exposure. Therefore, increasing the receiving information need to be developed to make the perception which in turn will influence students to modify their behavior.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.808
title: HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF BTEX EXPOSURE TO PARKING WORKERSAT ONE OF PARKING STRUCTURE IN BANGKOK THAILAND

description: This study aimed to estimate the level of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) exposure and identified a health risk assessment related to BTEX exposure via inhalation for workers at a car parking. Measured personal exposure, air samples were collected by using active diffusion sampling tubes and analyzed by Gas Chromatography, with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). Urine samples were collected from workers at post-shift and analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection (HPLC-UV). The mean concentrations (±SD) of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (m,p,o-xylene) were 11.282 (±5.033), 56.129 (±73.963), 7.166 (±9.198), and 10.587 (±6.324) µg/m3 respectively. Then, a risk assessment methodology was employed to evaluate the potential adverse health effects of the individual BTEX compounds according to their carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects. Cancer risk for benzene was estimated to be 4.37×10-6, indicated developing cancer over lifetime exceeding 5 people in a million which considered an unacceptable level (acceptable level, cancer risk &lt; 10-6). Non-carcinogenic risks (Hazard Quotients; HQ), were considered an acceptable level (HQ &lt; 1), which the results were 0.360, 0.010, 0.006, and 0.105 for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes respectively. The mean concentration of t,t-Muconic acid, Hippuric acid, and Methylhippuric acid in urine were 177.07 µg/g creatinine, 0.39 g/g creatinine, and 0.11 g/g creatinine, respectively. Analysis of correlation between air benzene, toluene, and xylene concentrations and their urinary metabolites concentrations was found no correlation. Increasing ethylbenzene exposure was associated with increased likelihood of exhibiting nausea (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.008 - 1.288), and increasing xylene exposure was associated with increased likelihood of exhibiting cough (OR = 1.137; 95% CI, 1.012 - 1.278).
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.809
title: PREVALENCE AND FACTORS RELATED TO DENTAL CARIES AMONG 6 YEARS OLD CHILDREN IN NHA TRANG CITY KHANH HOA PROVINCE VIETNAM

description: Dental caries prevalence among children is still high and remains a significant public health problem in all nations. Vietnam had confronted this problem for several decades and there are little available published studies about the prevalence of dental caries in children. The aim of this study are (i) to find out the prevalence of dental caries by using the decayed, extracted and filled teeth (deft) index and (ii) to find out the factors related to dental caries among 6 years old children in Nha Trang city, Khanh Hoa province, Vietnam. A cross-sectional survey was conducted during January to March 2014. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to randomly select 248 children from three primary schools in Nha Trang city. Oral hygiene of the children were investigated and the structured questionnaire were sent to children’s parents in order to collect informations regarding to characteristics factors, dietary, oral hygiene practice, supporting environment, accessibility to dental clinic and availability of dental clinic. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test. The results have shown the high prevalence at 88.3% with the mean of deft score 5.04±3.43. The proportion of dt, et and ft are 85.9% (4.33 ± 3.12), 23% (0.34 ± 0.69) and 23.8% (0.38 ± 0.82), respectively. There were statistically significant association between dental caries and the education of parents (p-value&lt;0.001) the use of toothpaste (p=0.006) the frequent to dentist check (P&lt;0.001) the cariogenic food (p&lt;0.024 for the drinks and &lt;0.001 for the snacks) the parental knowledge and perception on dental caries (p-value=0.14) SBDP and supporting environment (P&lt;0.001, OR=27,95 % CL=6.248-116.673) and the distance from home to dentist office (p&lt;0.001). From this finding could be suggested that more education on oral health for parents, teacher and children are urgently needed. Longitudinal study should be performed to confirm the results and minimize the limitation of cross-sectional study.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.810
title: HIV/AIDS RISK BEHAVIORS AMONG PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV (PLHIV) IN RATANA METTA ORGANIZATION YANGON MYANMAR

description: This cross-sectional study aims to identify the risk behaviors regarding HIV/AIDS of people living with HIV/AIDS in Ratana Metta Organization (RMO) in Yangon, Myanmar. The data was collected from 369 participants using interview questionnaire method. Regarding sexual risk behavior, 6% of respondents (11 female, 12 male and 1 gay) are found to have unprotected intercourse, 0.3% of respondents (1 gay) had unprotected anal intercourse, 1.9% (1 female, 5 male and 1 gay) have multiple sex partners and 1% (4 male) had sexual intercourse with commercial sex workers within one month from study. One respondents used injecting drug (heroin) (0.3%), 3.0% of respondents (1 female and 10 male) had intercourse while on drug in their lifetime and 4 of them did not use condom. Over 20.0% of respondents are reported to have consumed alcohol withing one month, 4.1% (3 female, 11 male and 1 gay) had intercourse while they were drunk and 5 of them (1.4%) did not use condom during intercourse. More than 5.0% of respondents are found to be heavy or high-risk alcohol drinkers which can be linked to binge drinking. Over 80% of respondents obtained high HIV/AIDS Knowledge score. There are higher number of male respondents than female and gay respondents in having risk behaviors. There are associations among the risk behaviors such having multiple partners and anal intercourse (p-value &lt;0.05). multiple partners and intercourse with commercial sex worker (p-value&lt;0.05) multiple partners and alcohol consumption (p-value&lt;0.001). alcohol consumption and anal intercourse (p-value&lt;0.05). alcohol consumption and intercourse with commercial sex worker (p-value&lt;0.05). The result of the study will be useful for the organization to evaluate their project and improve it. Since the unemployment rate is high among the respondents (53.3%), the occupayional situation of the respondents should be explored and also detail of respondents' alcohol consumption behavior should be found out as further studies. Based on the results, the appropriate intervention program can be developed and implemented.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.811
title: EFFECT OF RESIN CEMENT THICKNESS AND CERAMIC THICKNESS ON COMPRESSIVE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF ENAMEL-BONDED CERAMIC

description: Objective This study aimed to evaluate the compressive fracture resistance of enamel-boned ceramic with variation in cement thickness and ceramic thickness. Materials and methods Leucite-reinforced and lithium-disilicate ceramic (0.5 and 1mm thick) were cemented to human enamel using resin composite cement at the thicknesses of 30 and 100µm. Non-cemented ceramic was used as control. Fracture load (Newton) was obtained by pressing a 2mm-diameter indenter rod against ceramic. Two-way ANOVA and two-sample t-tests were used to compare mean fracture loads (MFL). Results The results obtained from both type of ceramic were in the same trend, i.e. for 0.5 thick ceramic, both 30µm and 100µm groups were significantly higher than control group. No difference in MFL between two test groups was found. (leucite-reinforced ceramic: 30µm – 771.56±107.35; 100µm —810.06±110.26; lithium-disilicate ceramic: 30µm —2471.81±339.52; 100µm —2666.58±245.15) On the other hand, when ceramic thickness was 1mm, MFL of both test groups were significantly higher from control group. Also, MFL of 30µm group was significantly higher than that of 100µm group. (leucite-reinforced ceramic: 30µm–2666.20±220.46; 100µm—1748.39±245.24; lithium-disilicate ceramic: 30µm—3547.38±310.30; 100µm—2622.17±256.99) Conclusion Non-cemented PLVs showed significantly lower MFL. The thicker cement group showed a decreased MFL for 1mm PLVs only. No significant difference was found for the 0.5mm groups. These results applied to both types of ceramic.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.812
title: THE INFLUENCING FACTORS PRESSURING THAI WOMEN ON DECISION MAKING ON BEAUTY AND APPEARANCE TRANSFORMATION.

description: The objectives of this research on the influencing factors pressuring Thai women toward beauty and appearance are 1) to understand Thai women’s perception about physical appearance in modern day society 2) to identify whether the psychological variable or the external environmental variables will make women have the desire to look more attractive. The method for this study is a quantitative approach using a questionnaire survey with a random sample of 400 people aged 18-51 living in Bangkok. The analysis of the study will employ SPSS program to interpret the results in a multiple regression model to measure the strength of relationship between each of the variables to the desire for women to look more attractive. The result of the hypothesis has revealed that 1) The external environmental factors is more related to women’s attitude on beauty and appearance in comparison to the psychological factors. 2) The external environmental factors concerning media, aesthetic and budget have the biggest influence on women’s attitude towards the desire to have a better self-image. 3) The level of behavioral change that women would go through is not is not extreme to go through beauty cosmetic plastic surgery.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.813
title: ตัวแปลภาษาบนเว็บที่ทำงานบนเครื่องผู้รับบริการ

description: การพัฒนาโปรแกรมบนเว็บได้รับความนิยมมากขึ้นเนื่องจากโปรแกรมเมอร์สามารถพัฒนาโปรแกรมในสภาพแวดล้อมที่ไม่จำเป็นต้องติดตั้งโปรแกรมใดๆนอกเหนือไปจากเว็บเบราว์เซอร์ซึ่งเป็นโปรแกรมพื้นฐานของคอมพิวเตอร์ โน้ตบุ๊ค และอุปกรณ์เสริมอาทิ สมาร์ทโฟน และแท็บเล็ต เหตุผลดังกล่าวทำให้ช่วยลดเวลาในการพัฒนาโปรแกรมและการทำงานร่วมกับผู้อื่นเป็นไปอย่างสะดวก นอกจากนี้การพัฒนาโปรแกรมบนเว็บเบราว์เซอร์ยังช่วยให้โปรแกรมเมอร์สามารถพัฒนาโปรแกรมได้ทุกที่ทุกเวลา อย่างไรก็ตามงานวิจัยที่เกี่ยวกับการพัฒนาโปรแกรมบนเว็บส่วนมากรองรับการทำงานบนเครื่องผู้ให้บริการ ซึ่งจำเป็นต้องมีผู้ดูแลระบบและยังมีปัญหาเรื่องความเป็นส่วนตัวและความปลอดภัยของข้อมูล สำหรับงานวิจัยนี้ เรานำเสนอตัวแปลภาษาบนเว็บที่ทำงานบนเครื่องผู้รับบริการเพื่อสนับสนุนการเรียนรู้การเขียนโปรแกรม ตัวแปลภาษาดังกล่าวเป็นตัวแปลภาษาที่ถูกพัฒนาโดยภาษาจาวาสคริปต์ซึ่งเป็นภาษามาตรฐานของทุกๆเว็บเบราว์เซอร์ทำให้ตัวแปลภาษาสามารถรองรับการทำงานบนเว็บเบราว์เซอร์ได้วัตถุประสงค์ของงานวิจัยคือการนำเสนอวิธีการสำหรับพัฒนาโปรแกรมที่ทำงานบนเครื่องผู้รับบริการ และเป็นทางเลือกใหม่สำหรับนักเรียนในการเรียนรู้การเขียนโปรแกรมและการสร้างโปรเจกต์บนเว็บเบราว์เซอร์ การเขียนโปรแกรมบนเว็บเบราว์เซอร์จะเป็นประโยชน์อย่างมากสำหรับนักเรียนด้วยเหตุผลสำคัญสี่ประการ คือ นักเรียนสามารถเขียนโปรแกรมได้ทุกที่ทุกเวลา, สามารถทำงานบนระบบปฏิบัติการใดๆได้, ไม่จำเป็นต้องเปิดโปรแกรมจำนวนมากพร้อมกัน และสามารถทดสอบโปรแกรมได้อย่างรวดเร็วโดยปราศจากปัญหาเรื่องความเป็นส่วนตัวและความปลอดภัยของข้อมูลในโปรแกรม ด้วยเหตุผลเหล่านี้ทำให้ตัวแปลภาษาบนเว็บที่ทำงานบนเครื่องผู้รับบริการเหมาะอย่างยิ่งสำหรับสนับสนุนการเรียนรู้รายบุคคลในการเขียนโปรแกรม
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.1023
title: EFFECTS OF FREE INTERVENTIONS ON THE UTILIZATION OF ANTI-MALARIA SERVICES IN NIGER STATE, NIGERIA. 2010-2013

description: This quantitative study using panel data evaluated the effectiveness of free interventions on utilization of anti-malaria services in Niger State, Nigeria. The analysis was done at health facility levels and the unit of analysis was facility-month. Health facilities were assigned into two groups; one group that received free anti-malaria interventions termed "treatment" group and those that did not receive treatment termed as “control” group. Across all four dependent variables, results of the difference-in-difference regression estimation shows a consistent trend that explains upward increases in utilization with a rise in the number of free interventions. For one of the dependent variables "overall utilization of anti-malaria services" there were increases in utilization by 12.6 cases for the third intervention (Parasite based diagnosis of malaria) alone. The increase was 27.9 cases for two free interventions (Case management of malaria and Prevention of malaria in pregnancy) implemented together and for the three free interventions together, the effects were even higher than when two were implemented together; utilization went up by 35.7 cases . This trend is same for the other three dependent variables.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.1024
title: PATIENT'S SATISFACTION AND QUALITY OF HEALTHCARE: CASE OF HOSPITALS IN HO CHI MINH CITY

description: The study aims to assess the patient’ satisfaction by using a new method called SERVQUAL technique which conducted in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC)’ hospitals. This technique will measure the gap between patients’ expectation and their perception followed 6 dimensions of inpatient healthcare service in a public hospital and a private hospital. The higher the gap score is, the greater patients satisfy. On the other hand, this technique will also measure the importance weight of each dimension and combine with the gap score to rank the quality of dimension. The final results showed that in public and private hospital at this moment, their healthcare service in two HCMC’ hospitals have not met patients’ expectations, although in public hospital, in each dimension, the gap score is better than in private hospital. In other words, to rank the quality of each dimension will help two hospitals in term of determining their weakness which should be improved in the future.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.1025
title: DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF HEALTH INSURANCE ON OUT OF POCKET HEALTH EXPENDITURE BETWEEN HOUSEHOLD WITH AND WITHOUT NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN URBAN HANOI IN 2012

description: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) imposed a large economic burden in society and are having an increasing trend. The mortality rate of those with NCDs is remarkable and alarming: 75% of deaths were due to NCDs in Vietnam while cost for treatment of NCD patients is quite high. The current level of out-of-pocket (OOP) payment in Vietnam was very high ranging 50% - 70% of total health expenditure. Health Insurance Law was implemented in Vietnam in 2009 and the coverage of health insurance increases steadily through the year from 1998 to 2012 aimed to achieve Universal Coverage. Up to 31/12/2012, Vietnam has 59.3 million people covered by health insurance; account for around 67% of population. The main objective of this study is to determine the impact of health insurance on health expenditure of individual with and without NCDs. We used secondary data from survey conducted in urban districts of Hanoi in 2012. Tobit regression, quantile regression and logit regression were employed to identify the factors that affect OOP payment of individuals, OOP as a proportion of total consumption (OOP/TC) and catastrophic health spending of households. The main findings of this study are that compulsory health insurance can financially protect individuals, help them to reduce their OOP payment as well as the OOP spending as a proportion of total consumption, especially for those in upper tail of OOP distribution. Moreover, compulsory health insurance can help to protect hypertension patients for outpatient services and for diabetes patients when seek inpatients health care services. Individual with high educational level and used inpatient health care services will have higher OOP expenditure. Living in slum residential area, households have member used inpatient services and NCDs rate within a household are factors that increase the chances of incurring catastrophic health expenditure for households.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2013.1026
title: COGENERATION OF C2 HYDROCARBONS AND ELECTRICAL POWER FROM METHANE USING SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELL TYPE REACTOR

description: This work developed the new anode catalysts for co-generation of C2 hydrocarbons and electric power from methane. The study is divided into 2 parts in two different types of reactor: 1) Fixed bed reactor (FBR) and (2) Solid oxide fuel cell reactor (SOFC). In part 1, the experiments were performed using co-feeds of methane, oxygen and nitrogen inert gas molar ratio of 4:1:5 at various temperatures (700-900 oC). Three types of catalysts; Au/La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 (Au/LSM), La0.25Sr0.75Cr0.5Mn0.5O3 (LSCM) and LiFeO2 (LFO), have been investigated. The catalyst was doped with ceria in order to improve its catalytic activity. The results indicated that the addition of Ce promoter could promote the C2 selectivity. In part 2, La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM) and La0.8Sr0.2FeO3 (LSF) were uses as the cathode while 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) was used as the electrolyte. The various types of electrode catalyst for anode have been investigated. Membrane cell has been fabricated by the tape casting and solution impregnation method. For the anode catalyst, the CeO2-LSCM infiltrated provided the excellent electrode performance. Ce/LSCM catalyst provided the C2 selectivity of 85%, CH4 conversion of 3.4%, and the maximum power densities of 221 mW.cm-2 at 800oC under a load of 0.3 V. In case of LFO catalyst, it was suitable to operate under the temperature lower than 800 oC. The La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3 (LSGM) has been used as the electrolyte at low temperature operation. It provided the CH4 conversion of 3.1%, C2 selectivity of 85.2% and the maximum power densities of 38 mW.cm-2 at 750oC under a load of 0.3 V.