cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291157
title: Taxonomic synopsis of Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) in the national forest of Caxiuanã, Pará, Brazil

description: Abstract The National Forest (Flona) of Caxiuanã is located in the state of Pará, in northen of Brazil and spanning the municipalities of Portel and Melgaço. It inserted in the phytogeographic domain of Amazon, the FLONA encompasses vegetation types including Terra firme forest, Várzea, Igapó, Campinarana, and Capoeira. The objective of the study is a synopsis of Caesalpinioideae species (except the genus Inga) that occur in the Flona of Caxiuanã. Fieldwork and the herbarium consult of MG, IAN and RB were undertaken between August 2014 and July 2015. This paper treats 21 genera, among 22 that occur in Flona of Caxiuanã. Distribution analysis of the species of Caesalpinioideae reveals that 77% are restricted to the Amazonia biogeographic domain and 2,8% are endemic to Brazilian Amazonia. The genera represented by most species are Parkia (seven spp.), Abarema (three spp.), and Zygia (three spp). The majority of species are reported from Terra Firme forest (79%). The treatment includes an identification key to the species, illustrations, diagnoses and comments on the species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291155
title: Food plants in Piagaçu-Purus Sustainable Development Reserve, Central Amazon

description: Abstract The Amazon constitutes a cradle of rich food biodiversity still poorly know whether in biological, nutritional or socio-cultural scopes. Traditional communities know and manage the amazon forest historically, preserving their cultural habits and contributing to biodiversity conservation. In this study, we performed a survey of food plants, food processing and differences between social standards in botanical knowledge through free listings, walking-in-the-woods and semi-structured interviews. The 220 identified species and all different ways of consumption demonstrate the giant potential of food plants, native of the Amazon in majority, for diversification of agriculture systems and food habits. This list of species should subside new research on the appreciation of native food plants and regional food. Patterns of knowledge among distinct social groups point to the importance of women in the incorporation of wild species in daily food and its valorization as a part of the culture and as a resource to guarantee food sovereignty.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291153
title: Morpho-anatomical, Phytochemical, and Histochemical characterization of Hymenaea courbaril (Leguminosae), occurring in Southern Amazon

description: Abstract This study aimed to characterize the morphology, histochemistry and phytochemistry of the vegetative organs of Hymenaea courbaril, aiming to detect secretory structures and secretory cells that store secondary metabolites, whose attributions confer medicinal potential to the species. The collection of plant material was carried out in native individuals of H. courbaril in the municipality of Alta Floresta, MT. The plant material (leaflets and stem) was fixed, transverse and paradermic sections were performed on the organs, mounted on histological slides, and the fresh material was submitted to histochemical and phytochemical tests. Secretion channels were detected in the leaflet and stem of H. courbaril, the phyto-histochemical characterization proved positive for secondary metabolites such as tannins, steroids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, lipids, saponins and glycosides, the presence of these compounds may confer important biological activities in the treatment of various types of diseases. In addition, such substances present an important ecological role in the maintenance and continuity of the species in nature as mechanisms against herbivory and dehydration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291151
title: Cactaceae in Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil

description: Abstract A floristic study of Cactaceae in Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Serra da Mantiqueira, Brazil is provided. The family is represented in the area by five genera and 14 species, listed as follows: Hatiora salicornioides, Lepismium houlletianum, Pereskia aculeata, Rhipsalis agudoensis, R. campos-portoana, R. elliptica, R. floccosa subsp. pulvinigera, R. juengeri, R. neves-armondii, R. pilocarpa, R. pulchra, Schlumbergera lutea subsp. lutea, S. microsphaerica and S. opuntioides. Five species are included in different cathegories of threaten. The data suggests that the conservation and maintenance of this environmental protected area is relevant to provide subsidies to the knowledge of Cactaceae for the flora of Brazil. Identification key, morphological descriptions, illustrations, and comments on taxonomy and ecology are provided for each species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291148
title: Flora of the canga of Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil: Lentibulariaceae

description: Abstract The present study comprises the specis of Lentibulariaceae that occur on iron-stone outcrops (canga) at the Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil, including identification keys, detailed descriptions, illustrations and comments regarding these species. There were 12 species recorded, distributed in two genera: Genlisea (one species) and Utricularia (11 spp.).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291145
title: Niche partitioning by functional groups of tree species in a subtropical forest

description: Abstract This study aimed to investigate functional attributes of tree species along different topographic position, in a forest located in Upper Uruguay region, in Santa Catarina. The wood density (WD), potential height (Hmax), leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaves renovation regime, regeneration and dispersal guilds were determined for the 20 most abundant species in the sampled area. The functional structure was evaluated through a community weight matrix (CWM) of traits values for each sampling unit. Mean values of elevation, declivity and curvature were extracted for each sampling unit, from a Terrain Digital Model in a resolution of 1 m. The data was analyzed through linear correlations, Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA), Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and linear simple model. The results indicated significant and negative correlation between Hmax x LA and Hmax x SLA. The topographic gradient significantly influenced the functional structure of tree component. It is concluded that the occupation of different positions along the topographic gradient and the forest vertical profile by tree species were mediated by different ecological strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291142
title: Relationships among wood anatomy, hydraulic conductivity, density and shear parallel to the grain in the wood of 24-year-old Handroanthus vellosoi (Bignoniaceae)

description: Abstract We studied the relationships among wood anatomy, hydraulic conductivity, density and shear parallel to the grain in the stem of Handroanthus vellosoi trees with the goal to identify possible trade-offs between hydraulic conductivity and mechanical properties. For this study we felled 12 trees with 24-year-old and cut 10-cm-thick disks at three heights: base of the trunk, one meter in height, and two meters in height. We propose that the relationship between hydraulic conductivity and mechanical resistance found along the H. vellosoi trunk indicates greater mechanical investment in the wood at the base of the trunk compared with the other two heights (1 and 2 meters). Anatomically, this would be represented by smaller diameter vessels and fibers with thicker walls. Consequently, strength investment implies lower water conductivity at the stem base. However, more studies are needed to determine whether this lower value with respect to 1 and 2 meters represents a significant effect on water transport along the stem.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291141
title: Flora of the canga of Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil: Arecaceae

description: Abstract The present study comprises the species of Arecaceae recorded in the canga of the Serra dos Carajás, Pará state, with descriptions, illsutrations and comments regarding the morphology of the species. Five genera and six species were recorded: Attalea maripa, A. spectabilis, Mauritia flexuosa, Mauritiella armata, Oenocarpus distichus and Syagrus cocoides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291139
title: Mimosoideae (Leguminosae) in the Brazilian Chaco of Porto Murtinho, Mato Grosso do Sul

description: Abstract This research consists of the taxonomic-floristic treatment of taxa of Mimosoideae occurring in the Brazilian Chaco. The specimens analyzed were collected from 2004 to 2012 in Chaco remnants located in southwestern Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Mimosoideae is represented by 39 taxa belonging to 14 genera; among the most representative, Mimosa (16 taxa) and Prosopis (4 taxa) are highlighted. Chloroleucon chacoense, Mimosa centurionis and Prosopis alba are new records for the Brazilian Flora. Prosopis nigra has its occurrence expanded. Mimosoideae is the second subfamily in species richness compared with other subfamilies of Leguminosae studied in the Brazilian Chaco. This work includes morphological descriptions, identification keys, illustrations and taxonomic comments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291138
title: Flora of the cangas of Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil: Isoetaceae

description: Abstract This study presents taxonomic treatment of the species of Isoetaceae from Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil. Two species occur in this locality (Isoetes cangae and I. serracarajensis). We provide descriptions, illustrations, images of the mega- and microspores, comments, distribution data and a key for these species as a contribution to the knowledge of the flora of the cangas from this area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291135
title: Historic timbers in naval carpentry of whaling canoes of the Santa Catarina coast

description: Abstract Traditional boats are considered a rich cultural heritage on the use of forest resources, and the Azoreans responsible for culture construction of whaling boats in Brazil. This study aimed to identify the wood used in the construction of whaling boats, generating subsidies to better understand the relationship of use of forest resources for traditional naval carpentry in Santa Catarina state. Five canoes were studied belonging to the museum collection of the National Sea Museum, São Francisco do Sul, Santa Catarina. The collection of historical timber was performed with increment borer aid for subsequent production of histological slides and anatomical description. The identification of the timber was conducted by comparison reference collection. Five taxa were identified woods used in combination in the construction of the components of the canoes. They are: Araucaria angustifolia (Araucariaceae) Aspidosperma sp. (Apocynaceae), Ocotea/Nectandra (Lauraceae), Enterolobium contortisiliquum Fabaceae and Cedrela fissilis (Meliaceae). The wood used in the construction of whaling canoes revealed not only the traditional knowledge about the techniques of naval carpentry brought by the Azoreans, but also the technological knowledge on the use of forest resources in the area of Atlantic Forest associated with their availability in natural environments times past.
DOI: 10.17632/7xkjwtwv9c.4
title: Bilingvalnoe obrazovanie v Ispanii

description: Школа формирует граждан общества с определенной идентичностью, а язык - это один из элементов коллективной идентичности. Принятие билингвизма в образовании подразумевает некую форму множественной идентичности. Этот вопрос в последнее время усложняется по двум причинам: с одной стороны, Совет Европы стремится к созданию единой европейской идентичности с обязательным изучением национального языка и других иностранных языков. А одновременно - присутствие в школах каждый раз все более ощутимого числа иммигрантов из неевропейских стран не только ставит проблемы овладения несколькиси языками, но и "заставляет" Европу перейти к многокультурному и многоязычному образованию. В начале 1978 г. в Испании были приняты так называемые "Декреты о билингвизме", согласно которым на территориях, где говорили на других языках (а не на кастильском), было обязательным их изучение в системе образования. Декреты представляли из себя коренное изменение традиционной политики в сфере образования, которая ранее была ориентирована только на испанский язык.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291134
title: Functional traits variation of the tree component in response to edaphic gradients in a cloud forest in the south of Brazil

description: Abstract We aimed to investigate how the environmental heterogeneity affects the spatial variation of functional diversity and functional traits of a tree community in a cloud forest in the South of Brazil. For this, we selected the 19 most abundant species identified in a forest fragment survey. The study environmental variables were obtained from a previous study conducted in the same area. For each species, we measured the wood density, leaf area, specific leaf area and maximum potential height. We also determined the dispersal syndromes and deciduousness. We determined the community weighted mean for all traits and the functional diversity. The environmental data were ordered by Principal Component Analysis and Linear Models were fitted relating the significant Principal Components and the values of functional traits and of functional diversity. Whereas sites with higher fertility soils favored species with acquisitive strategies (i.e lower wood density and greater leaf area), and showed a higher functional diversity; lower fertility soils sites favored conservative strategies (i.e higher wood density and smaller leaf area), and had a lower functional diversity. We conclude that the studied forest showed habitat partitioning by species with different ecological strategies, in function of edaphic variations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291133
title: New records of parasitized plants by Escobedia grandiflora (Orobanchaceae) in natural habitats

description: Abstract Hemiparasitic plant roots adhere to neighboring plants in order to meet part or all of their nutritional requirements. Escobedia grandiflora (L. f.) Kuntze is a hemiparasitic plant found throughout the America. Its orange colored roots are used as a natural colorant in food and medicines, but there is little information about plant requirements. The aim of this study was to identify host plants of E. grandiflora in five natural habitats within the department of Antioquia (Colombia). There, E. grandiflora plants were selected and an area of 50 × 50 cm around them was demarcated, in order to identify the vegetation in the quadrant with adhering haustoria. The Amount of haustoria of E. grandiflora on these plants was established. Twenty-two species belonging to seven botanical families were recorded as being parasitized by E. grandiflora, the most predominant family being Poaceae, with twelve species. Greater compatibility or preference was suggested for 18.2% of the identified plant species. It was concluded that E. grandiflora has a wide host range, especially within the Poaceae family. This record contributes to an increased knowledge of this species, and constitutes basic information for future studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291132
title: Phytogeography of Aldama (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) in South America

description: Abstract A phytogeographical study of Aldama (Asteraceae: Heliantheae) based on extensive field work, literature and herbaria data is presented here. Species were included in ecoregions (Andean and Neotropical) and phytogeographic dominions previously established for Poaceae (Tropical and Subtropical, Warm Temperate and Cold Temperate grasslands). The majority of species belong to the Neotropical Region, and there are also many in Tropical and Subtropical grasslands. Only A. revoluta reaches the Patagonian sub-region of the Andean Region. Western and northern limits of some species are in the Andes Mountains. In contrast, Yungas and Puna regions may be corridors, linking these areas with the east-central area of the genus. In Brazil, the most favorable conditions for diversity and population density of Aldama species occur in areas with megathermal climates (most of the exclusively Brazilian species) or mesothermal climates (seven species), the latter of Köppen types Aw and Cwa, which are related to Cerrado landscapes. The greatest expressivity of Aldama in these open habitats seems to be linked to the thick underground system, which provides water needs during the dry season and fire protection. Four patterns are presented: Exclusive to the South American Transition Zone (10 spp.), Neotropical-transitional (eight spp.), Andean transitional (three spp.) and Neotropical nontransitional (41 spp).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291130
title: Floristic diversity of epiphitic ferns and lycophytes of montane forest at Itatiaia National Park, Brazil

description: Abstract The Itatiaia National Park is located in southeastern Brazil, in the highest part of Mantiqueira Mountain Range. A large area of the Park is covered by a Dense Montane Rain Forest, being extremely rich in epiphytic species. The aim of this work was to recognize the species of ferns and lycophytes with higher density index and analyze the abundance of these plants in three elevation zones. It was established three sampling sites between 800 and 1200 m at intervals of 200 m. At each site were established 30 plots of 25m2. Phorophytes were considered natural sample unit of inventoried plants at base of their trunks (0-2 m high). Thirty-six species of epiphytic ferns and lycophytes distributed in 20 genera and nine families were found. The families with highest species richness were Aspleniaceae and Polypodiaceae. Campyloneurum lapathifolium, Mickelia scandens, Blechnum acutum, and Didymoglossum reptans were the most abundant species. The 800 m zone showed a higher diversity than the others.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291127
title: Reproductive biology and oil flowers in Cipura paludosa (Iridaceae)

description: Abstract Cipura paludosa is taxonomically placed in the Iridaceae family which is notable for the diversity of pollination systems, offering resources such as nectar, pollen and oil. The study was conducted within a fragment of Atlantic Forest in Recife, Pernambuco, to investigate the floral and reproductive biology of C. paludosa. The floral opening period, stigmatic receptivity, anther dehiscense, number of pollen grains, ovules per flower and floral morphology were evaluated; experiments regarding to the reproductive system and flower visitor observations were performed. Cipura paludosa is a herbaceous plant with melittophilous and self-compatible flowers, visited by Plebeia sp. and Augochlora thalia. The flower resources produced by C. paludosa were pollen and oil (produced in trichomal elaiophores). To ensure reproductive success Cipura paludosa benefits from pollination services since it produces only a few fruits spontaneously. The presence of bees not specialized in oil collecting may result in poor quality pollination services consequently reducing the species reproductive output.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291126
title: Floristic composition and horizontal structure of the semideciduous microphyll forest of the ecological reserve Siboney-Juticí, Cuba

description: Abstract The floristic composition and the horizontal structure of the semideciduous microphyll forest of the ecological reserve Siboney-Juticí, a protected area of the biosphere reserve Baconao in the southeastern Cuba, were characterized. The data corresponding to ten 20 × 50 m plots were processed, where to each individual the diameter to 1,30 m of the floor and the height were measured. The basal area, the abundances, the frequencies and absolute and relative dominances, were calculated, as was the Index of Value of Importance by species and family. The Principal Coordinates Analysis was applied to the matrix of data as ordination method. Data of 3206 individuals corresponding to 54 infrageneric taxa and 27 families were analyzed, besides another companion plants. The species with higher number of individuals were Coccoloba diversifolia, Bursera simaruba, Sideroxylon salicifolium, Gymnanthes lucida, Nectandra coriacea, Eugenia axillaris and E. monticola, the same with higher Index of Value of Importance and with tendency to associate to each other. Structural regularities and of diversity among the parcels were observed. The arboreal stratum is dense but low, with a few emergent trees.
DOI: 10.17632/7zhdzsnnv6.6
title: Normalizacion y uso de las lenguas

description: The article deals with the problems of language and dialect contacts in different parts of the spanish-speaking world and the formation of new spanish-american norms. En este artículo se trata de la dialectización del español en diferentes países latinoamericanos, se analizan sus rasgos característicos, se plantea la tarea de la posibilidad de elaborar la única norma hispanoamericana.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291123
title: Reproductive biology of Jacquinia armillaris (Primulaceae): an endemic species of the Brazilian restinga

description: Abstract Jacquinia armillaris occurs in the coastal zone of Northeast and Southeast Brazil in greatly reworked estuarine landscapes. For a better understanding of the ecology of J. armillaris in its natural habitat, this study assessed the reproductive biology of this species in the restinga of Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, Espírito Santo, Brazil. According to the data on flowering, floral morphology, stigmatic receptivity, reproductive system, pollen viability, and behavior of floral visitors, Jacquinia armillaris showed characteristics of cantarophily syndrome and is visited by two Coleopteras: Carpophilus sp. (Nitidulidae) and Horistonotus sp. (Elateridae). The data suggest that the species is self-compatible. However, J. armillaris depends on pollination promoted by floral visitors. Absence of agamospermy and clonal growth, plus low viable production of pollen, cantharophily and common restinga rigor are discussed as responsible factors for low fruit set, consequently producing stochastic variation in seed recruitment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291121
title: Angiosperm Checklist of Espírito Santo: using electronic tools to improve the knowledge of an Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot

description: Abstract A checklist of angiosperm species for the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil is presented. A total of 6,204 native species was recorded, representing an increase of 16% in species richness for the area. Espírito Santo shelters 32% of the native species of Brazil's Atlantic Forest and holds 516 endemic species (8.3% of the total registered taxa for the State). Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae are the families with highest number of endemic species (142 spp. and 80 spp., respectively), followed by Myrtaceae (33 spp.), Melastomataceae (30 spp.), and Araceae (23 spp.). This paper represents an important landmark for future research in plant diversity in Espírito Santo, and highlights the importance of consulting online databases in order to update the knowledge presented by the Brazilian flora checklist.