cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.919606.1
title: Globorotaloides hexagonus trace element ablation profiles from samples collected from MOCNESS tows from R/V Sikuliaq cruise SKQ201701S in 2017

description: The planktic foraminifer Globorotaloides hexagonus is found in temperate to tropical oxygen minimum zones (OMZs). Their preferred habitat make G. hexagonus an important species for the development of oxygen-related paleoproxies. Here we report trace-element-to-calcium (TE/Ca) ratios with depth in the shell of G. hexagonus from the Eastern Tropical North Pacific (21 N, 117 W) . Individuals were isolated from a series of Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS) tows on the R/V Sikuliaq  in January and February 2017 and represent a wide range of depth habitats and  oxygen concentrations. Oxygen concentration and depth from MOCNESS are provided in the metadata for each sample. Trace elements (Mg, Mn, Zn, Sr, Ba, Ca) were quantified using laser ablation ICP-MS from the outside to the inside of the shell, allowing for a reconstruction of TE/Ca with depth in the shell. MOCNESS data were collected by Dr. Karen Wishner (URI),  ablation data were collected by Dr. Catherine Davis (NCSU) and Dr. Jennifer Fehrenbacher (OSU), and data were prepared by Dr. Shannon Doherty (NCSU and UAF).
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918590.1
title: Underway data from estuary transects in Coastal Gulf of Maine (Pleasant, Maine; St. John, New Brunswick) in May and October of 2018 and 2019

description: This dataset contains underway data from four organic alkalinity estuary transects, in May and October of 2018 and 2019, completed in the Pleasant (Maine, USA) and St. John (New Brunswick, Canada) estuaries. See &quot;Related Datasets&quot; section for alkalinity data.  Discrete samples were collected at intervals of salinity along each estuary.  An underway measurements system was also operated during each transect.  Discrete samples were analyzed via a number of methods described below.  Underway measurements were collected using the procedures described in Hunt et al. (2013).

Organic alkalinity is a poorly understood component of the estuarine and coastal ocean acid-base system.  This lack of understanding makes assessment of ocean acidification vulnerability and inorganic carbon dynamics more difficult.  However, the methods used to quantify organic alkalinity and its effects on the acid-base system are not standardized.  In this work we examined several approaches for the measurement of organic alkalinity, and their application to inorganic carbon dynamics.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918678.1
title: Observed digestion times of Ocyropsis spp. collected from the Gulf Stream during June 2021 (Ocean Ctenos project)

description: Oceanic ctenophores are widespread predators on pelagic zooplankton. This data describes the digestion rates of a widespread oceanic ctenophore, Ocyropsis spp. as a component for evaluating trophic impact of this and other oceanic ctenophores in planktonic communities. Collection and in situ imaging of Ocyropsis spp. were made during 2021 via blue-water (daytime) and black-water (nighttime) SCUBA diving from a small boat along the western edge of the Gulf Stream, 5 to 8 km off the coast of West Palm Beach, Florida (26° 43′ 93″ N, 79° 59′ 15″ W). Ctenophores were offered a mixed assemblage of copepods from the genera Acartia, Oncaea, and Microsetella. Ocyropsis spp. digestion times were then recorded.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918546.1
title: Effect of phenotypic variation on dogwhelk morphology during an eco-evolutionary field experiment

description: Although there is a growing body of work indicating that ecological and evolutionary processes can have reciprocal feedbacks on one another, few studies have tested these feedbacks in natural field settings at the community level. We tested the ecological consequences of selection on intra-population variation in dogwhelk drilling. We reared juvenile dogwhelks (Nucella canaliculata) on four early-life diet treatments (thin-shelled Mytilus trossulus, two treatments of M. californianus from two populations known to differ in adult shell thickness, and acorn barnacles) and then outplanted the dogwhelks to field cages to quantify the community effects of variation in drilling phenotype on mussel bed succession over a year. Changes in Nucella canaliculata morphology (change in length) were determined over the course of the experiment.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918719.1
title: Quantified Ocyropsis spp. gut content observations from the Gulf Stream during June 2021 (Ocean Ctenos project)

description: Oceanic ctenophores are widespread predators on pelagic zooplankton. This data describes the daytime and nighttime gut contents of a ubiquitous oceanic ctenophore, Ocyropsis spp. as a component for evaluating trophic impact of this and other oceanic ctenophores in planktonic communities. In situ imaging of Ocyropsis spp. were made via blue-water (daytime) and black-water (nightime) SCUBA diving from a small boat along the western edge of the Gulf Stream, 5 to 8 km off the coast of West Palm Beach, Florida (26° 43′ 93″ N, 79° 59′ 15″ W). In situ, scaled images of Ocyropsis spp. guts were used to determine prey content.  These were evaluated by measuring their dimensions and that of the ctenophore to estimate gut fullness.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918420.1
title: Shell thickness of mussel recruits quantified in two species, Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus californianus

description: Mussels are common on rocky shores along the west coast of North America and are prey to a number of species, including the Channeled Dogwhelk, Nucella canaliculata. When N. canaliculata hatch, they are dependent on a supply of newly recruited prey that are variable in abundance. To determine the strength of selection that early-life diet may impose on juvenile dogwhelks, recruit mussel shell thickness was quantified for two mussel species, Mytilus trossulus and Mytilus californianus. In addition, recruit M. californianus were collected from two locations, Bodega Marine Reserve and Soberanes Point, known to differ in the thickness of adult M. californianus.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918518.1
title: Percent cover measure of mussel bed succession on rocky shores due to intra-population variation in dogwhelk drilling

description: Despite growing interest of eco-evolutionary dynamics, there have been few experiments that test the importance of these feedbacks in natural ecosystems at the community level. A selection experiment on intra-population variation in dogwhelk (Nucella canaliculata) drilling was performed in the laboratory. Dogwhelks were given one of four early-life diet treatments (thin-shelled Mytilus trossulus mussels, two treatments of M. californianus from two populations known to differ in shell thickness, and acorn barnacles) for the first 3 months of life. Surviving adult dogwhelks were outplanted to field cages at Bodega Marine Reserve to test the ecological consequences of divergent phenotypes. Mussel bed succession was quantified by percent cover of sessile organisms in the plots over the course of approximately one year.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918582.1
title: Effects of intra-population variation in dogwhelk drilling on the abundance and size of Mytilus californianus mussels

description: Few eco-evolutionary studies have analyzed the impacts that evolutionary processes have on community dynamics in a natural field setting. We studied the effects of intra-population variation in predation in a marine dogwhelk (Nucella canaliculata) on mussel bed succession. We outplanted dogwhelks that were reared on four early-life diet treatments and showed evidence of differential mortality and variation in drilling capacity in the lab to experimental field cages and followed the trajectory of succession over the course of a year. At the end of the experiment, the organisms within the cages were collected and the mussels (Mytilus californianus) were measured. Mussels represent the end stage of succession, thus we studied whether variation in drilling traits would impact the size and structure of the mussel bed.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918364.1
title: In situ temperature data from August 2019 to May 2020 from one HOBO temperature logger deployed at Emerald Reef in Southeast Florida, USA

description: This dataset contains in situ temperature data from August 2019 to May 2020 from one HOBO temperature logger deployed at Emerald Reef at 7.8 meters depth in southeast Florida. Coral cores were collected from this reef and underwent experimental heat stress. In situ temperature data were used to inform seasonal temperature variation on this reef. The publication based on these data is Buzzoni, et al. (2023) (DOI: 10.1007/s00338-023-02428-x).
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918401.1
title: Effects of early-life diet on mortality of juvenile Nucella canaliculata quantified in the laboratory after 3 months on experimental diets

description: The field of eco-evolutionary dynamics analyzes the reciprocal impacts that ecological and evolutionary processes have on one another on contemporary timescales. A promising approach for studying eco-evolutionary dynamics is to explore whether variation acting over rapid timescales can impose selection on existing within population-variation in functional traits. The Bodega Marine Reserve population of the Channeled Dogwhelk, Nucella canaliculata, contains a mix of drilling phenotypes. A selection experiment was performed to determine the effects of four early-life diet treatments (thin-shelled Mytilus trossulus mussels, two treatments of M. californianus from two populations known to differ in shell thickness, and acorn barnacles) on N. canaliculata phenotype. Dogwhelks were hatched in the laboratory and mortality of juvenile dogwhelks was quantified in the laboratory after 3 months on the experimental diets.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918460.1
title: Effects of early-life diet on Nucella canaliculata drilling phenotype quantified in the laboratory after rearing on different prey treatments

description: The growing field of eco-evolutionary dynamics has highlighted the importance of reciprocal feedbacks between evolutionary and ecological processes. We tested whether selection could act on existing within-population variation in a predatory trait in the marine dogwhelk, Nucella canaliculata. We reared newly hatched dogwhelks on four prey treatments (thin-shelled Mytilus trossulus, two treatments of M. californianus from two populations known to differ in adult shell thickness, and acorn barnacles). To quantify dogwhelk phenotype, we tested the surviving adult dogwhelks on their ability to drill mid-sized (5-7cm long) M. californianus. We found evidence that dogwhelk phenotype varied among the early-life diet treatments.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918134.1
title: Benthic community composition from Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef determined from 2015 to 2020

description: Increasing ocean temperatures threaten coral reefs globally, but corals residing in habitats that experience high thermal variability are thought to be better adapted to survive climate-induced heat stress. Here, we used long-term ecological observations and in situ temperature data from Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef to investigate how temperature dynamics within various thermally variable vs. thermally stable reef habitats change during a marine heatwave and the resulting consequences for coral community survival. This data set includes the benthic community composition data across eight sites at Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918182.1
title: Measurements of seawater temperature, depth, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) across seven sites at Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef from 2015 to 2020

description: Increasing ocean temperatures threaten coral reefs globally, but corals residing in habitats that experience high thermal variability are thought to be better adapted to survive climate-induced heat stress. Here, we used long-term ecological observations and in situ temperature data from Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef to investigate how temperature dynamics within various thermally variable vs. thermally stable reef habitats change during a marine heatwave and the resulting consequences for coral community survival. This data set includes the in-field measurements of seawater temperature, depth, and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) across seven sites at Heron Island, southern Great Barrier Reef.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.918220.1
title: Results from qPCR assays to quantify the abundance and photochemical performance of symbionts relative to coral cells in three coral species collected from colonies in southeast Florida in April and October 2019 before, during, and after heat stress tests

description: This dataset contains results from assays to quantify the abundance and photochemical performance of Breviolum, Cladocopium, and Durusdinium symbionts relative to coral cells in Montastraea cavernosa, Orbicella faveolata, and Siderastrea siderea corals collected from colonies in southeast Florida in April 2019 and in October 2019, before, during and after aquarium-based experimental heat stress tests. Bulk genomic DNA was extracted from tissue scrapings taken from 2.5cm diameter cores of corals and was used as a template for symbiont genus-specific qPCR assays. The resulting CT values were used to calculate the relative abundance of each symbiont genus within each coral core over the course of the heat stress. The photochemical efficiency of each coral core was also measured periodically throughout heat stress tests using an imaging pulse amplitude modulated (I-PAM) fluorometer. The publication based on these data is Buzzoni, et al. (2023) (DOI: 10.1007/s00338-023-02428-x).
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.917743.1
title: Monthly atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratio measurements from San Cristobal, Galápagos Islands collected using a cavity ring-down spectrometer

description: This dataset includes atmospheric nitrous oxide (N₂O) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratio measurements from San Cristobal, Galápagos Islands between July 18, 2023 and December 31, 2023. The data are collected using a cavity ring-down spectrometer (Picarro Inc., G5310).
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.917884.1
title: High Frequency Radar (HFR) observed surface currents at Palmer Deep Canyon in the coastal ocean west of the Antarctic Peninsula in 2020

description: HFRs use doppler-shifted radio waves backscattered off the ocean surface to observe surface velocity. Signals are transmitted and received by an HFR antenna, and Bragg peaks in the measured Doppler spectra are used to calculate radial components of the surface velocity (Barrick et al., 1977). Measured radial components of the surface ocean velocity are directed towards the HFR antenna with a range resolution of 500 m horizontally and 5 degrees in azimuth. Radial components from the three HFR stations are added together to construct magnitude and direction of surface current velocities using an optimal interpolation algorithm (Kohut et al., 2006) providing hourly maps of surface currents at 1km spatial resolution (Veatch et al., 2022,, preprint: not peer reviewed).

The three-site network included two remote locations on the Wauwermans and Joubin islands operated at a center frequency of 25 MHz and a third site at Palmer Station operated at 13 MHz (Veatch et al., 2024 Figure 1). The two remote sites located beyond existing power grids used Remote Power Modules (RPMs) constructed on site. These RPMs used small-scale micro wind turbines and a photovoltaic array with a 96-hour battery backup to generate the power required by the HFR (Statscewich and Weingartner, 2011; Kohut, 2014). Redundancies were built in to the RPMs, including wind charging/resistive loads, solar energy, and independent battery banks. Redundancies ensured that the system could autonomously adjust power source if one component failed. RPMs consisted of a single water-tight enclosure that housed all power generating equipment and communication gear. HFR and RPMs were assembled at remote sites using shipboard support and zodiacs that lightered materials to shore. Line of sight radio modems (Freewave) were used to communicate between the two remote sites and a central site collocated with the Palmer Station HFR site. Communication equipment enabled remote site diagnostics and maintenance as well as real-time data communication. 

The three HFR sites collected hourly radial maps of ocean surface current component vectors over our study area, covering about 1,500 km2 more than 80% of the time (Veatch et al., 2024 Figure 2A). The hourly, two-dimensional surface current maps derived from the radial component vector maps provided by each of the three HFR sites were used to derive our two LCS metrics (Veatch et al., 2024 Figure 2B). Before the Lagrangian coherent structure calculations were done, gaps within the 80% coverage area of the HFR maps were filled using a rigorous HFR-specific method (Fredj et al., 2016). Finally, the &quot;edges&quot; outside of the 80% coverage area were added back into the data structure. This was done to increase the residence time of particle release experiments within the data, however results from outside the 80% coverage were not included in final analysis.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.915772.1
title: SF6 and helium data from a tracer release experiment conducted June 2018 in the coastal Baltic Sea during FS Alkor cruise AL510

description: These data are 3He and SF6 from a tracer release experiment conducted in the coastal Baltic Sea. The experiment was conducted in June 2018 and the goal was to determine gas transfer velocities in the Baltic Sea, where it is thought that excess surfactants and limited wind fetch would affect the relationship between wind speed and gas transfer velocity.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.917914.1
title: Results from Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent calculations using High Frequency Radar observed surface currents around Palmer Deep Canyon from January to March of 2020

description: Several LCS techniques have been applied to ocean systems in the past decade for their ability to quantify areas in ocean currents (or any velocity field) that exert an impact on nearby drifting particles (Haller, 2015). Such areas are known as coherent structures. Coherent structures can identify local extrema of repulsion, attraction, and shearing of flow (Haller, 2015). Attracting coherent structure will quantify the attraction of passive drifters in a flow field, or plankton in ocean currents (Shadden et al., 2005; Haller, 2015). These data contains results from Finite Time Lyapunov Exponent calculations using High Frequency Radar observed surface currents around Palmer Deep Canyon from January - March 2020.

Finite Time Lyapunov Exponents use the horizontal separation distance between two particles relative to a fixed point over a defined time interval to quantify the strength of coherent structure (either repelling or attracting) at each point on a gridded velocity field. To calculate repelling FTLEs, a forward trajectory is used, and to calculate attracting FTLEs, a backward trajectory is used. In this study, attracting FTLEs were calculated. FTLE’s ability to integrate over trajectories sets this technique apart from instantaneous separation rate (Okubo, 1970; Weiss, 1991) by introducing particle position “memory”. Coherent structures are defined by the FTLE metric as ridges in the flow field where neighbouring particles are converged toward, and then diverged along the ridge. The strengths of these ridges are quantified by the integrated separation rate between two particles (Veatch et al., 2024 Figure 2D). This relative motion between two neighbouring particles is the key way in which the FTLE metric differs from the RPD metric. Like RPD, FTLE will vary over space and time when applied to a discrete set of velocity data. 

FTLE calculations result in a material surface that then can be projected at a set resolution back onto the study region. FTLE results were projected at the resolution of the HFR (1km) so as to not stretch the observations further than the input data should be able to resolve. FTLE calculations were performed using a MATLAB software toolbox (Haller) that was modified for use on HFR data (Veatch et al., 2024 Figure 2D). To negate artifacts in results caused by the edges of the HFR domain where it may seem that particles suddenly stop or are lost, the domain of FTLE results used was smaller than the domain of the inputted velocity field. The domain was shrunk by three kilometers (Veatch et al., 2024 Figure 3). This about how far the average particle travels over the integration time of 6 hours.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.917926.1
title: Relative Particle Density (RPD) calculations using High Frequency Radar (HFR) observed surface currents around Palmer Deep Canyon from January to March of 2020

description: Relative Particle Density (RPD) reports the position of drifters at a single timestamp by normalizing the density of drifters within a gridded bin system in the study field. Relative Particle Density calculations begin with releasing virtual particles over a regular grid and tracking them through a velocity field (High Frequency Radar observed surface currents). RPD is then quantified by summing the number of drifters in each grid box, and normalizing by the median number of drifters in all grid boxes. New particles were released in a regular grid across the 80 % coverage of the HFR footprint every three hours. Particles were not counted until they had been advected in the velocity field for 6 hours (when the autocorrelation of the HFR velocities cross the e-fold), and were no longer counted when they were advected out of the HFR domain, or after they became three days old. Given the average residence time of 2 days (Kohut et al., 2018), the three-day threshold was 245 chosen to coordinate with the time phytoplankton will spend in the surface layer of the study domain. This methodology follows that used by (Oliver et al., 2019; Veatch et al., 2022, preprint: not peer reviewed). RPD reports the normalized number of drifters present in each gridded bin at each timestamp (Veatch et al., 2024 Figure 2C). Two dimensional HFR data is used to calculate RPD, creating the assumption that the integrated surface divergence is zero, and no particles are lost from the surface due to vertical velocities. Therefore, RPD will map the instantaneous concentration of surface associated particles across the entire domain given the evolving surface current fields provided by the HFR.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.878631.2
title: Identity of sciaenid eggs collected from the Gulf of Mexico Estuary near Port Aransas, Texas from 2020 to 2022

description: This dataset represents the identity (based on PCR results) of sciaenid eggs from the Gulf of Mexico Estuary near Port Aransas, Texas. Egg samples were collected from 20 August, 2020 through 8 March, 2022 from the research pier at UTMSI, located in the Aransas Pass inlet. Egg samples were collected bi-weekly during the Red Drum spawning season (August – December) and monthly outside the Red drum spawning season from two locations. Eggs were sorted by morphology to isolate sciaenid eggs and molecular PCR techniques were applied to subsamples of eggs to confirm the species identification.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.908171.1
title: Carbon and Nitrogen stable isotope measurements for various marine samples collected from the Gulf of Mexico as well as eggs, animals, and food sources collected in the laboratory and commercial sources from 2020 to 2022.

description: Carbon and Nitrogen stable isotope measurements for various marine samples collected from the Gulf of Mexico Estuary near Port Aransas, Texas from 2020 to 2022 as well as eggs, animals, and food sources from the laboratory and commercial sources from 2020 to 2022.