cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3886/e114656
title: Replication data for: Street Prostitution Zones and Crime

description: This paper studies the effects of legal street prostitution zones on registered and perceived crime. We exploit a unique setting in the Netherlands where these tippelzones were opened in nine cities under different regulation systems. Our difference-in-difference analysis of 25 Dutch cities between 1994-2011 shows that opening a tippelzone decreases registered sexual abuse and rape by about 30-40 percent in the first two years. For cities which enforced licensing in tippelzones, we also find reductions in drug-related crime and long-term effects on sexual assaults. Effects on perceived drug nuisance depend on the regulation system and the proximity of respondents to the tippelzone.
DOI: 10.3886/e114656v1
title: Replication data for: Street Prostitution Zones and Crime

description: This paper studies the effects of legal street prostitution zones on registered and perceived crime. We exploit a unique setting in the Netherlands where these tippelzones were opened in nine cities under different regulation systems. Our difference-in-difference analysis of 25 Dutch cities between 1994-2011 shows that opening a tippelzone decreases registered sexual abuse and rape by about 30-40 percent in the first two years. For cities which enforced licensing in tippelzones, we also find reductions in drug-related crime and long-term effects on sexual assaults. Effects on perceived drug nuisance depend on the regulation system and the proximity of respondents to the tippelzone.
DOI: 10.3886/e114657
title: Replication data for: Housing Supply Elasticity and Rent Extraction by State and Local Governments

description: Governments may extract rent from private citizens by inflating taxes and spending on projects benefiting special interests. Using a spatial equilibrium model, I show that less elastic housing supplies increase governments' abilities to extract rents. Inelastic housing supply, driven by exogenous variation in local topography, raises local governments' tax revenues and causes citizens to combat rent seeking by enacting laws limiting the power of elected officials. I find that public sector workers, one of the largest government special interests, capture a share of these rents through increased compensation when collective bargaining is legal or through corruption when collective bargaining is outlawed.
DOI: 10.3886/e114657v1
title: Replication data for: Housing Supply Elasticity and Rent Extraction by State and Local Governments

description: Governments may extract rent from private citizens by inflating taxes and spending on projects benefiting special interests. Using a spatial equilibrium model, I show that less elastic housing supplies increase governments' abilities to extract rents. Inelastic housing supply, driven by exogenous variation in local topography, raises local governments' tax revenues and causes citizens to combat rent seeking by enacting laws limiting the power of elected officials. I find that public sector workers, one of the largest government special interests, capture a share of these rents through increased compensation when collective bargaining is legal or through corruption when collective bargaining is outlawed.
DOI: 10.3886/e114658
title: Replication data for: The Fall of Coal: Joint Impacts of Fuel Prices and Renewables on Generation and Emissions

description: Since 2007, US coal-fired electricity generation has declined by a stunning 25 percent. Detailed daily unit-level data is used to examine the joint impact of natural gas prices and wind generation on coal-fired generation and emissions, with a focus on the interaction between gas prices and wind. This interaction is found to be significant. Marginal responses of coal-fired generation to natural gas prices (wind) in 2013 were larger, sometimes much larger, than the counterfactual with 2008 wind generation (gas prices). Additionally, these factors jointly account for the vast majority of the observed decline in generation and emissions.
DOI: 10.3886/e114658v1
title: Replication data for: The Fall of Coal: Joint Impacts of Fuel Prices and Renewables on Generation and Emissions

description: Since 2007, US coal-fired electricity generation has declined by a stunning 25 percent. Detailed daily unit-level data is used to examine the joint impact of natural gas prices and wind generation on coal-fired generation and emissions, with a focus on the interaction between gas prices and wind. This interaction is found to be significant. Marginal responses of coal-fired generation to natural gas prices (wind) in 2013 were larger, sometimes much larger, than the counterfactual with 2008 wind generation (gas prices). Additionally, these factors jointly account for the vast majority of the observed decline in generation and emissions.
DOI: 10.3886/e114659
title: Replication data for: Best Prices: Price Discrimination and Consumer Substitution

description: This paper proposes a method for aggregating prices when retailers use periodic sales to price-discriminate amongst heterogeneous customers. In the motivating model, loyal customers buy one brand and do not strategically time purchases, while Bargain Hunters always pay the lowest price available, the "best price." In the model, the best price is part of an exact price index. Accounting for the best price also substantially improves the empirical match between conventional price aggregation strategies and actual prices paid by consumers. The methodology improves inflation measurement while imposing little burden on the data-collection agency.
DOI: 10.3886/e114659v1
title: Replication data for: Best Prices: Price Discrimination and Consumer Substitution

description: This paper proposes a method for aggregating prices when retailers use periodic sales to price-discriminate amongst heterogeneous customers. In the motivating model, loyal customers buy one brand and do not strategically time purchases, while Bargain Hunters always pay the lowest price available, the "best price." In the model, the best price is part of an exact price index. Accounting for the best price also substantially improves the empirical match between conventional price aggregation strategies and actual prices paid by consumers. The methodology improves inflation measurement while imposing little burden on the data-collection agency.
DOI: 10.3886/e114660
title: Replication data for: College on the Cheap: Consequences of Community College Tuition Reductions

description: This paper examines the effects of community college tuition on college enrollment. I exploit quasi-experimental variation from discounts for community college tuition in Texas that were expanded over time and across geography for identification. Community college enrollment in the first year after high school increased by 5.1 percentage points for each $1,000 decrease in tuition, which implies an elasticity of -0.29. Lower tuition also increased transfer from community colleges to universities. Marginal community college enrollees induced to attend by reduced tuition have similar graduation rates as average community college enrollees.
DOI: 10.3886/e114660v1
title: Replication data for: College on the Cheap: Consequences of Community College Tuition Reductions

description: This paper examines the effects of community college tuition on college enrollment. I exploit quasi-experimental variation from discounts for community college tuition in Texas that were expanded over time and across geography for identification. Community college enrollment in the first year after high school increased by 5.1 percentage points for each $1,000 decrease in tuition, which implies an elasticity of -0.29. Lower tuition also increased transfer from community colleges to universities. Marginal community college enrollees induced to attend by reduced tuition have similar graduation rates as average community college enrollees.
DOI: 10.3886/e114661v1
title: Replication data for: The Effect of Corporate Taxation on Investment and Financial Policy: Evidence from the DPAD

description: This study estimates the investment, financing, and payout responses to variation in a firm's effective corporate income tax rate in the United States. I exploit quasi-experimental variation created by the Domestic Production Activities Deduction, a corporate tax expenditure created in 2005. A 1 percentage point reduction in tax rates increases investment by 4.7 percent of installed capital, increases payouts by 0.3 percent of sales, and decreases debt by 5.3 percent of total assets. These estimates suggest that lower corporate tax rates and faster accelerated depreciation each stimulate a similar increase in investment, per dollar in lost revenue.
DOI: 10.21227/b4ks-d379
title: CURE-OR: Challenging Unreal and Real Environment for Object Recognition

description: As one of the research directions at OLIVES Lab @ Georgia Tech, we focus on the robustness of data-driven algorithms under diverse challenging conditions where trained models can possibly be depolyed. To achieve this goal, we introduced a large-sacle (1.M images) object recognition dataset (CURE-OR) which is among the most comprehensive datasets with controlled synthetic challenging conditions. In CURE-OR dataset, there are 1,000,000 images of 100 objects with varying size, color, and texture, captured with multiple devices in different setups. The majority of images in the dataset were acquired with smartphones and tested with off-the-shelf applications to benchmark the recognition performance of devices and applications that are used in our daily lives. Please refer to our GitHub page for code, papers, and more information.
DOI: 10.21227/h4fr-h268
title: CURE-OR: Challenging Unreal and Real Environment for Object Recognition

description: As one of the research directions at OLIVES Lab @ Georgia Tech, we focus on the robustness of data-driven algorithms under diverse challenging conditions where trained models can possibly be depolyed. To achieve this goal, we introduced a large-sacle (1.M images) object recognition dataset (CURE-OR) which is among the most comprehensive datasets with controlled synthetic challenging conditions. In CURE-OR dataset, there are 1,000,000 images of 100 objects with varying size, color, and texture, captured with multiple devices in different setups. The majority of images in the dataset were acquired with smartphones and tested with off-the-shelf applications to benchmark the recognition performance of devices and applications that are used in our daily lives. Please refer to our GitHub page for code, papers, and more information.
DOI: 10.3886/e114661
title: Replication data for: The Effect of Corporate Taxation on Investment and Financial Policy: Evidence from the DPAD

description: This study estimates the investment, financing, and payout responses to variation in a firm's effective corporate income tax rate in the United States. I exploit quasi-experimental variation created by the Domestic Production Activities Deduction, a corporate tax expenditure created in 2005. A 1 percentage point reduction in tax rates increases investment by 4.7 percent of installed capital, increases payouts by 0.3 percent of sales, and decreases debt by 5.3 percent of total assets. These estimates suggest that lower corporate tax rates and faster accelerated depreciation each stimulate a similar increase in investment, per dollar in lost revenue.
DOI: 10.3886/e114662
title: Replication data for: Inferring Carbon Abatement Costs in Electricity Markets: A Revealed Preference Approach Using the Shale Revolution

description: This paper examines how carbon pricing would reduce emissions in the electricity sector. Both carbon prices and cheap natural gas reduce the historic cost advantage of coal plants. The shale revolution resulted in unprecedented variation in natural gas prices that we use to estimate the potential near-term effects of carbon prices. Estimates imply that a price of $20 ($70) per ton of CO2 would reduce emissions by 5 (10) percent. Carbon prices are most effective at reducing emissions when natural gas prices are low, but have negligible effects when gas prices are at levels seen prior to the shale revolution.
DOI: 10.3886/e114662v1
title: Replication data for: Inferring Carbon Abatement Costs in Electricity Markets: A Revealed Preference Approach Using the Shale Revolution

description: This paper examines how carbon pricing would reduce emissions in the electricity sector. Both carbon prices and cheap natural gas reduce the historic cost advantage of coal plants. The shale revolution resulted in unprecedented variation in natural gas prices that we use to estimate the potential near-term effects of carbon prices. Estimates imply that a price of $20 ($70) per ton of CO2 would reduce emissions by 5 (10) percent. Carbon prices are most effective at reducing emissions when natural gas prices are low, but have negligible effects when gas prices are at levels seen prior to the shale revolution.
DOI: 10.3886/e114663
title: Replication data for: Gridlock: Ethnic Diversity in Government and the Provision of Public Goods

description: How does ethnic diversity in government impact public good provision? We construct a novel dataset linking the ethnicity of California city council candidates to election outcomes and expenditure decisions. Using a regression discontinuity approach, we find that increased diversity on the council leads to less spending on public goods. This is especially true in cities with high segregation and economic inequality. Those serving on councils that experience an increase in diversity also receive fewer votes when they run for reelection. These results point towards disagreement within the council generating lower spending.
DOI: 10.3886/e114663v1
title: Replication data for: Gridlock: Ethnic Diversity in Government and the Provision of Public Goods

description: How does ethnic diversity in government impact public good provision? We construct a novel dataset linking the ethnicity of California city council candidates to election outcomes and expenditure decisions. Using a regression discontinuity approach, we find that increased diversity on the council leads to less spending on public goods. This is especially true in cities with high segregation and economic inequality. Those serving on councils that experience an increase in diversity also receive fewer votes when they run for reelection. These results point towards disagreement within the council generating lower spending.
DOI: 10.3886/e114664
title: Replication data for: The Effects of State Medicaid Expansions for Working-Age Adults on Senior Medicare Beneficiaries

description: Do Medicaid expansions to working-age adults affect healthcare spending and utilization among older Medicare beneficiaries? Although economic theory provides conflicting predictions about the presence and direction of such spillover effects, it does identify circumstances when spillovers can reduce Medicare spending. Using data on Medicaid expansions during the 2000s and microdata from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, we find that a 1 percentage point rise in the share of working-age adults eligible for Medicaid has modest effects on the average Medicare beneficiary's spending, but reduces average spending by $477 among dual eligibles. Importantly, we find no evidence of adverse health effects.
DOI: 10.3886/e114664v1
title: Replication data for: The Effects of State Medicaid Expansions for Working-Age Adults on Senior Medicare Beneficiaries

description: Do Medicaid expansions to working-age adults affect healthcare spending and utilization among older Medicare beneficiaries? Although economic theory provides conflicting predictions about the presence and direction of such spillover effects, it does identify circumstances when spillovers can reduce Medicare spending. Using data on Medicaid expansions during the 2000s and microdata from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, we find that a 1 percentage point rise in the share of working-age adults eligible for Medicaid has modest effects on the average Medicare beneficiary's spending, but reduces average spending by $477 among dual eligibles. Importantly, we find no evidence of adverse health effects.
DOI: 10.3886/e114665v1
title: Replication data for: The Effect of Export Promotion on Firm-Level Performance

description: Most countries promote exports. This paper answers two questions: Does export promotion improve firm performance, and do any benefits outweigh costs? We solve self-selection problems by accounting for an extensive set of firm characteristics. In addition, we distinguish firms that self-selected into promotion services from firms the Danish Trade Council approached based on observed information. We find that export promotion increases sales, value added, employment, and value added per worker. For small firms, summing expenditures on export promotion, subsidies, and tax distortions, the gain in value added is roughly three times higher than the direct costs of export promotion.
DOI: 10.21227/bmyj-s473
title: CURE-TSR: Challenging Unreal and Real Environments for Traffic Sign Recognition

description: As one of the research directions at OLIVES Lab @ Georgia Tech, we focus on the robustness of data-driven algorithms under diverse challenging conditions where trained models can possibly be depolyed. To achieve this goal, we introduced a large-sacle (&gt;2M images) traffic sign recognition dataset (CURE-TSR) which is among the most comprehensive datasets with controlled synthetic challenging conditions. Traffic sign images in the CURE-TSR dataset were cropped from the CURE-TSD dataset, which includes around 1.7 million real-world and simulator images with more than 2 million traffic sign instances. Real-world images were obtained from the BelgiumTS video sequences and simulated images were generated with the Unreal Engine 4 game development tool. Sign types include speed limit, goods vehicles, no overtaking, no stopping, no parking, stop, bicycle, hump, no left, no right, priority to, no entry, yield, and parking. Unreal and real sequences were processed with state-of-the-art visual effect software Adobe(c) After Effects to simulate challenging conditions, which include rain, snow, haze, shadow, darkness, brightness, blurriness, dirtiness, colorlessness, sensor and codec errors. Please refer to our GitHub page for code, papers, and more information.
DOI: 10.21227/q3sv-r189
title: CURE-TSD: Challenging Unreal and Real Environment for Traffic Sign Detection

description: As one of the research directions at OLIVES Lab @ Georgia Tech, we focus on the robustness of data-driven algorithms under diverse challenging conditions where trained models can possibly be depolyed. To achieve this goal, we introduced a large-sacle (~1.72M frames) traffic sign detection video dataset (CURE-TSD) which is among the most comprehensive datasets with controlled synthetic challenging conditions. The video sequences in the CURE-TSD dataset are grouped into two classes: real data and unreal data. Real data correspond to processed versions of sequences acquired from real world. Unreal data corresponds to synthesized sequences generated in a virtual environment. There are 49 real sequences and 49 unreal sequences that do not include any specific challenge. We separated the sequences into 70% and 0 splits. Therefore, we have 34 training videos and 15 test videos in both real and unreal sequences that are challenge-free. There are 300 frames in each video sequence. There are 49 challenge-free real video sequences processed with 12 different types of effects and 5 different challenge levels, which result in 2,989 (49125+49) video sequences. Moreover, there are 49 synthesized video sequences processed with 11 different types of effects and 5 different challenge levels, which leads to 2,744 (49115+49) video sequences. In total, there are 5,733 video sequences, which include around 1.72 million frames. Please refer to our GitHub page for code, papers, and more information.
DOI: 10.3886/e114665
title: Replication data for: The Effect of Export Promotion on Firm-Level Performance

description: Most countries promote exports. This paper answers two questions: Does export promotion improve firm performance, and do any benefits outweigh costs? We solve self-selection problems by accounting for an extensive set of firm characteristics. In addition, we distinguish firms that self-selected into promotion services from firms the Danish Trade Council approached based on observed information. We find that export promotion increases sales, value added, employment, and value added per worker. For small firms, summing expenditures on export promotion, subsidies, and tax distortions, the gain in value added is roughly three times higher than the direct costs of export promotion.
DOI: 10.3886/e114666
title: Replication data for: When Labor Disputes Bring Cities to a Standstill: The Impact of Public Transit Strikes on Traffic, Accidents, Air Pollution, and Health

description: Many governments have banned strikes in public transportation. Whether this can be justified depends on whether strikes endanger public safety or health. We use time-series and cross-sectional variation in powerful registry data to quantify the effects of public transit strikes on urban populations in Germany. Due to higher traffic volumes and longer travel times, total car hours operated increase by 11 to 13 percent during strikes. This effect is accompanied by a 14 percent increase in vehicle crashes, a 20 percent increase in accident-related injuries, a 14 percent increase in particle pollution, and an 11 percent increase in hospital admissions for respiratory diseases among young children.
DOI: 10.3886/e114666v1
title: Replication data for: When Labor Disputes Bring Cities to a Standstill: The Impact of Public Transit Strikes on Traffic, Accidents, Air Pollution, and Health

description: Many governments have banned strikes in public transportation. Whether this can be justified depends on whether strikes endanger public safety or health. We use time-series and cross-sectional variation in powerful registry data to quantify the effects of public transit strikes on urban populations in Germany. Due to higher traffic volumes and longer travel times, total car hours operated increase by 11 to 13 percent during strikes. This effect is accompanied by a 14 percent increase in vehicle crashes, a 20 percent increase in accident-related injuries, a 14 percent increase in particle pollution, and an 11 percent increase in hospital admissions for respiratory diseases among young children.
DOI: 10.3886/e114667
title: Replication data for: Physician Beliefs and Patient Preferences: A New Look at Regional Variation in Health Care Spending

description: There is considerable controversy about the causes of regional variations in health care expenditures. Using vignettes from patient and physician surveys linked to fee-for-service Medicare expenditures, this study asks whether patient demand-side factors or physician supply-side factors explain these variations. The results indicate that patient demand is relatively unimportant in explaining variations. Physician organizational factors matter, but the most important factor is physician beliefs about treatment. In Medicare, we estimate that 35 percent of spending for end-of-life care and 12 percent of spending for heart attack patients (and for all enrollees) is associated with physician beliefs unsupported by clinical evidence.