cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305274
title: Sustainability of carrot-cowpea intercropping systems through optimization of green manuring and spatial arrangements

description: ABSTRACT: One of the biggest challenges in intercropping of two or more crops is to maintain their productivity as that of their sole counterparts. In order to obtain sustainable intercropping systems in a semi-arid environment, this study evaluated the agro-economic advantage and sustainability of intercropped systems of carrot and cowpea, optimizing the green manuring and spatial arrangements. Experiments were conducted in the period from July to October 2017 and 2018, using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replications. Treatments included four amounts of M. aegyptia incorporated into the soil (20, 35, 50, and 65 t ha-1 on dry basis) with three spatial arrangements (2:2, 3:3, and 4:4) between the components cultures formed from cowpea rows alternated with carrot rows. The agro-economic advantage indices evaluated in the intercropping systems were: land equivalent ratio (LER), area-time equivalent ratio (ATER), score of the canonical variable (Z), actual yield loss (AYL), intercropping advantage (IA), gross income (GI), net income (NI), rate of return (RR), and profit margin (PM). The highest agro-economic advantages of the carrot and cowpea intercropping were obtained for LER, ATER, NI, and RR of 2.60, 4.16, US$ 8,720.99 ha-1, and US$ 2.21, respectively, for M. aegyptia biomass amounts of 46.42, 47.82, 32.60 and 31.51t ha-1 added to the soil. The 2: 2 spatial arrangement was the one with the best productive performance, with higher net income and rate of return in the intercropping of carrot-cowpea.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305272
title: Sequential metabolizable energy plans for piglets from 7 to 30 kg

description: ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate sequential metabolizable energy (ME) plans, maintaining the lysine: calorie ratio for piglets from 7 to 30 kg. Forty eight female piglets with initial weight of 6.9 ± 1.2 kg and final weight of 30.5 ± 3.8 kg were randomly allocated in a randomized complete blocks design to three nutritional plans with eight replicates and two animals per experimental unit. Sequential plans provided four ME levels: plan 1: 3,300-3,250-3,200-3,150 kcal ME kg-1, plan 2: 3,400-3,350-3,300-3,250 kcal ME kg-1, and plan 3: 3,500-3,450-3,400-3,350 kcal ME kg-1 of feed, from 7 to 10 kg, 10 to 15 kg, 15 to 20 kg and 20 to 30 kg, respectively. From 7 to 10 kg, there was no effect (P&gt;0.05) of the nutritional plans in the evaluated variables. From 7 to 15 kg, a higher (P&lt;0.05) energy intake and weight gain and a better (P &lt; 0.05) feed conversion was observed in animals fed with nutritional plans 2 and 3. Nutritional plans 2 and 3 resulted in higher (P&lt;0.05) final weight, feed intake, energy intake, digestible lysine intake, weight gain, and better feed conversion in the 7 to 20 kg, 7 to 25 kg and 7 to 30 kg. It is recommended the sequential plan containing 3,400-3,350-3,300-3,250 kcal ME kg-1 of feed from 7 to 10 kg, from 10 to 15 kg, 15 to 20 kg, and from 20 to 30 kg; respectively, equivalent to levels of 2,546-2,513-2,501-2,475 kcal net energy (NE) kg-1 of feed for piglets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305271
title: Characterization of munguba oil obtained by ultrasound

description: ABSTRACT: This study analyzed the use of the ultrasound-assisted method as an alternative to obtain munguba oil. The extraction provided a 47.70 % yield of an oil with appropriate quality, evaluated by assessing the �A as oleic acid, iodine, peroxide, and saponification values, in addition to the refractive index and density. The oil presented thermal stability up to 300 °C, was constituted mainly by palmitic acid (C16:0), and presented a total phenolic content of 55.02 ± 1.872 µgEAG g-1. Results suggest that the ultrasound-assisted method has the potential to obtain vegetable oils without compromising their characteristics and quality, as well as optimize extraction time, solvent volume, and operational costs. Moreover, munguba oil presents itself as a suitable and sustainable alternative as an adjuvant in food products, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and biofuels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305268
title: Bovine abortion by a vaccine strain of Bacillus anthracis

description: ABSTRACT: This paper reports the abortion of a male Aberdeen Angus bovine by a vaccine strain of Bacillus anthracis, describing the pathological and microbiological findings and the genome sequence. Necropsy findings included multifocal areas of hemorrhage in different organs. Histologically, various organs showed hemorrhage, fibrin exudation, necrosis associated with countless bacillary bacterial clumps and severe neutrophilic inflammatory infiltrate. In the microbiological examination, numerous rough, nonhemolytic, gray and dry colonies with irregular edges were isolated from liver, lung and abomasum content samples. Gram staining revealed square-ended Gram-positive rods arranged in chains. B. anthracis identification was confirmed by detection of the molecular chromosomal marker Ba813. The genomes from the isolated B. anthracis (named SPV842_15) and from the isolated vaccinal strain (Brazilian vaccinal strain), which was recovered from a commercial vaccine used in the pregnant cow, were sequenced. Genomic comparisons displayed a high level of nucleotide identity in the comparisons between B. anthracis SPV842_15 and the B. anthracis Brazilian vaccinal strain (98,2%). Furthermore, in both strains, only the plasmid pX01 sequence was detected. Although, vaccination against anthrax is characterized by an elevated protective profile and very low residual virulence, immunization with Sterne strains can cause abortion in cattle, presumably by the plasmid pX01 toxins in rare or special situations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305266
title: Mature intracranial teratoma with meningocele in a lamb

description: ABSTRACT: This study described the pathological aspects of a mature intracranial teratoma with meningocele in a one-day-old lamb. The diagnosis of mature teratoma was based on microscopic features, where well-differentiated tissues representative of the three germ layers were observed. The tumor consisted of respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinary epithelium as components of the endoderm; muscle and bone tissues as components of the mesoderm; and keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and adnexa as components of the ectoderm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of intracranial teratoma with meningocele in animals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305264
title: Management practices and honey characteristics of Melipona eburnea in the Peruvian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT: Meliponiculture and associated honey production are activities with a great potential for general use and commercialization in the Peruvian Amazon. Lack of management techniques and limited knowledge of honey quality are two factors which may hinder the implementation of meliponiculture. The present study was conducted in three communities in the Peruvian Amazon where the production and physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of honey from Melipona eburnea were evaluated at 90 days following transfer from natural to rational hives. Honey from M. eburnea was also compared with the 90-day-old honey from Melipona grandis, Melipona illota, and Melipona titania. In addition, 180-day-old honey from M. eburnea was sampled and compared with the younger 90-day-old honey. The production of honey varied from 900 to 1400 mL/colony/3 months for M. eburnea. When moisture and total sugars among the different species of Melipona were compared, no significant differences were observed. Neither were there significant differences between the M. eburnea honey at 90 and 180 days of maturation. Microbiological analyses for both treatments had values &lt;0.3/g most probable number (MPN) of coliforms and organisms of fecal origin. Stingless bee honey can therefore be harvested after 3 months, by which time its physicochemical characteristics are stable and it is microbiologically suitable for human consumption.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305261
title: Feasibility of ultrasound-assisted optimized process of high purity rice bran protein extraction

description: ABSTRACT: Rice bran is a by-product of the rice milling process, found worldwide in abundance and highlighted due its protein content. This study optimized the conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction of protein from defatted rice bran (DRB) and characterized the rice bran protein concentrate (RBPC). A sequential strategy of experimental design was employed; the effect of pH, temperature, ultrasound exposure time, and amplitude were evaluated regarding the percentage of protein extraction by a Full factorial design (FFD) with a fixed frequencies (FFD-A: 37 kHz; FFD-B: 80 kHz). Subsequently, the percentage of protein extracted was optimized employing a Central composite rotatable design (variables: pH and ultrasound exposure time) and RBPC obtained was characterized regarding chemical and functional properties. The pH and ultrasound exposure time had positive effect (P ≤ 0.05) on percentage of protein extraction; moreover, 37 kHz frequency was more effective in protein extraction. The optimized condition (frequency: 37 kHz; temperature: 30 °C; pH: 10; ultrasound exposure time: 30 min; and amplitude: 100%) allowed 15.07% of protein recovery and the RBPC presented 84.76 g 100 g-1 of protein. Magnesium and copper were the main mineral in RBPC (34.4 and 25.5 µg g-1, respectively), while leucine was the limiting amino acid (0.42) and threonine presented the highest chemical score (1.0). The RBPC solubility was minimal at pH 4 and higher at pHs 6-10; the water and oil absorption capacity were higher than bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the emulsifying capacity was comparable to BSA, with a suitable stability. It was possible to obtain a higher purity RBPC than described in the literature, due to the optimization in the extraction process steps, with functional properties suitable for application in food products, especially emulsified ones.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305259
title: Land tenure in tea farming and exploring factors influencing a rural household’s decision to exit or enter farming

description: ABSTRACT: Self-operated land and operated by tenure may affect the sustainability of farming in a region. This study planned to analyze how rural households switch away from tea farming even they have parental land, and how landless access the land for tea farming. For this a total of 138 tea growers were interviewed including 27 farmers who had just ownership of land and had left the tea farming. Logistic regression was applied to assess the determinants of rural household’s decision to exit and enter the land market. Farmers were compared over their farm management practices and personal characteristics. The owned farmers were good in management and adoption of good practice in tea farming than those who accessed land as a shareholder and not had their own land. Rural households head as getting older, having high education and also having an off-farm occupation, having more university graduated family members, and family members having off-farm occupations are more likely to exit from farming and supply their land to rental markets. On the other side, an older and highly educated head of landless family is less likely to become a shareholder. Here also off-farm occupation has a negative and insignificant effect on the probability of landless household working as a shareholder. If the head of the landless family has a wish to become a successful farmer, then he is more likely to work as an owner. It implies that a person is less likely to work as a shareholder and more likely to get land with ownership rights not only land-using rights.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305256
title: Principal component analysis of linear measures of young horses national champions of Mangalarga Marchador breed

description: ABSTRACT: The conformation is directly related to the quality of the movements, and can direct the selection by equine aptitude. This study aimed to identify which are the morphometric measurements that explain the total variance available in the marcha batida and picada gaits of young Mangalarga Marchador horses. Analyses were performed by evaluating 20 linear measurements of 420 champion horses. Measures were separated by gender (male-M and female-F), type of marcha, (batida-MB e picada-MP) and divided into eight age groups. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify which measurements were most important in determining marcha variance by selecting principal component (PC) which sum of eigenvalues was able to explain the minimum percentage of 80% of the total variation. The PC number varied randomly according to age groups, being 2 to 3 in both genders in MP, 3 to 4 for M-MB, and up to 5 for F-MB, suggesting lower overall variability in MP, and higher in F-MB. There was no defined pattern concerning the amount of PC per age group, demonstrating that each category may have independent variations. Although, some repetitions of variables occurred similarly in different ages, sexes, and marcha types, the responsibility for the highest occurrence of variation was the posterior cannon and gaskin length. The significant variance in the length of these segments, regardless of gender, age, and marcha, and the fact they are not measured daily suggested there is not only a lack of standardization of these segments, but there is also size compensation among them since the group evaluated is composed of breed champions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305252
title: Feeding level and diet type during the wean-to-estrus interval on the reproductive performance of sows

description: ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate how the amount and type of diet consumed during the wean-to-estrus interval (WEI) affects reproductive performance and WEI duration in sows. A total of 542 sows were distributed into the following treatment groups based on a 2 × 2 factorial design: feed amount during WEI (2.75 or 3.75 kg/day) and diet (gestation [G] or lactation [L]) groups. Dietary treatments were as follows: high supply of G diet (GH), low supply of G diet (GL), high supply of L diet (LH), and low supply of L diet (LL). Sows were randomly allocated to groups according to their body score Caliper and birth order. There was an interaction (P &lt; 0.05) between the factors for WEI duration, which was 0.2 days shorter in the GH and LL groups than in the other groups. No difference was observed between treatments (P&gt;0.05) for the birth rate, total births, stillbirths, or total litter weight. There was a trend (P&lt;0.10) toward a higher rate of live births in sows fed with G diet and sows receiving a low diet supply, with an average of 91.95% for both groups. In addition, there was a positive trend (P &lt; 0.10) for live weight of the litter, where GH and LL treatments resulted in higher birth weight (17.9 and 17.7 kg, respectively) than other treatments. In conclusion, a supply of 3.75 kg/day or the use of a more energetic feed (lactation) during the WEI did not improve the reproductive performance of the subsequent cycle of sows in good body condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305249
title: Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in a sheep

description: ABSTRACT: This research described the radiological, clinical and pathological aspects of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in a seven-year-old Santa Inês ram. The main clinical features were lameness of the thoracic and pelvic limbs, rigid, cracking and enlarged of the humeroradial, humeroulnar and tibiofemoral joints, cervical spine stiffness, and severe lordosis of the thoracolumbar vertebrae. Dyspnea, nasal discharge and abdominal breathing were also observed. On radiographic examination of the thoracic and pelvic limbs, osteoarthrosis with the formation of osteophyte bridging, intra-articular calcification and periosteum reaction were observed. At necropsy were reported bilateral osteophytosis in the humeroradial, humeroulnar, tibiofemoral and interphalangeal joints, and fusion of the bodies of thoracic vertebrae T5-13 T6 and T12-T13. Microscopically, extensive areas of fibrosis were observed in the lungs and the affected joints were thickened by well demarcated and perpendicular orientated woven and trabecular bone proliferation in the epiphysis. The periosteum was also expanded by fibrous connective tissue that extended into and between the new proliferated bone. Based on these findings, hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, which is an unusual condition in sheep, was diagnosed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305247
title: Aortic and iliac thrombosis in a dog with adrenal-dependent hypercortisolism due to bilateral adrenocortical adenoma

description: ABSTRACT: Hypercortisolism is a common endocrinopathy in dogs; however, in a few cases, bilateral functional adrenocortical adenomas cause spontaneous disease, and thrombotic events are considered uncommon complications. The aim of this report was to describe a case of bilateral adrenocortical adenoma in a dog with hyperadrenocorticism associated with distal aortic and iliac thrombosis, with emphasis on clinical and pathological aspects. A 15-year-old spayed female Dachshund with a previous clinical history of hyperadrenocorticism presented with acute bilateral hindlimb paraparesis. A vertebral thoracolumbar radiography was performed and did not present any evidence of intervertebral disk disease or vertebral abnormalities; however, abdominal ultrasound and vascular Doppler evaluation revealed bilateral adrenal enlargement in addition to an aortic and external iliac artery thrombus. The animal was euthanized. At necropsy, both adrenal glands were enlarged by well-demarcated neoplastic nodules in the parenchyma, and a thrombus caudal to the abdominal aorta bifurcation within the external iliac arteries that extended to the left external iliac artery was noted. Histological evaluation revealed a well-differentiated neoplastic proliferation of cortical epithelial cells, consistent with bilateral adenoma, and muscular necrosis in the pelvic limbs was also observed. Bilateral functional adrenocortical adenoma; although, very rare, should be considered as a cause of hypercortisolism, and aortic thrombosis in dogs should be considered as a possible consequence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305244
title: Etiology, multidrug resistance, and acute-phase proteins biomarkers as in equine septic arthritis

description: ABSTRACT: Etiology, multiple antibiotic resistance index, and acute-phase protein profile in the serum and synovial fluid of 44 horses presenting septic arthritis were investigated. Young animals up to 24 months of age not yet submitted to taming were sampled. Synovial samples from the horses were submitted to culture and bacterial isolates subjected to 18 antimicrobials to investigate the in vitro multidrug resistance pattern. Also, hematological aspects, fibrinogen, and serum levels of some acute-phase proteins (total protein, albumin, globulin, amyloid A, and C-reactive protein) were assessed. To statistical analysis, microbiological isolation were divided into four groups: G1 = animals with negative isolation, G2 = isolation of Gram-negative bacteria, G3 = isolation of Gram-positive bacteria), and G4 = isolation of fungi. Microbial isolation was obtained from 77.2% (32/44) of the synovial samples. Escherichia coli (7/44 = 15.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (5/44 = 11.4%), Streptococcus equi subsp. equi (3/44 = 6.8%), Aspergillus niger (3/44 = 6.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2/44 = 4.5%), Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus (1/44 = 2.3%), Trueperella pyogenes (1/44 = 2.3%), and Rhodococcus equi (1/44 = 2.3%) were prevalent bacterial agents. Aspergillus niger is reported by the first time as a primary agent of septic arthritis in horses. Gentamicin (84.9%), marbofloxacin (79.3%) and ceftriaxone (72.4%) were the most effective antimicrobials, whereas high resistance of the isolates (&gt;50%) was found to erythromycin (75.9%), clarithromycin (75.9%), penicillin (69%), clindamycin (58.6%), and streptomycin (55.2%). Multiple antibiotic resistance index (≥ 0.3) was identified in 50% (16/32) of the isolates, with highest resistance in Gram-negative bacterial isolates. Serum levels of amyloid A, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, globulin, and total protein, as well as the number of nucleated cells in the synovial fluid had values above the reference for horses, reinforcing acute-phase proteins as biomarkers in diagnosis of septic arthritis. We highlighted the diversity of microorganisms that may be involved in equine septic arthritis, the high resistance of bacterial isolates to conventional antimicrobials, the high lethality of young horses with septic arthritis, and importance of in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility pattern tests to therapeutic approaches in the disease.
DOI: 10.1285/i24212113v7i1p1
title: Global discourse and local coping and hoping during the COVID-19 pandemic

description: The COVID-19 pandemic touches every corner of the globe with unprecedented effects and implications. This special issue gathers knowledge, insight, experiences, and learnings about the profound impacts of the COVID-19 virus on communities from 12 countries. It presents six carefully selected manuscripts that reflect the ongoing conversation in our field about how the needs of the world's most vulnerable populations can be served by the field's values and paradigms. The reader will learn about collective symbolic coping, crisis management, barriers to and facilitators of supports and resources, mobilization of local networks of care, social toxicity and social possibility, coping strategies, affective impacts of confinement, the development of relationships between different social actors, the engagement of refugees and refugee-led organizations on the front lines of COVID-19, and even the buffering effects of gardening against the psychological impacts of isolation. Despite the grim reality of COVID-19, a thread of resilience, empowerment, and sense of community emerges loud and clear, and each manuscript is written with that same spirit and core tenet of community psychology that has always been our guiding light. During one of the most trying times of our lifetime, the need for a strong sense of community and mutual support will be a critical, if not determining, factor in how we continue to cope with this pandemic. It is our hope that this issue will inspire hope and reinforce the tools and competencies of community psychology to bring about positive enduring change within individual, family, peer, and community systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14305241
title: Morphometry of the reproductive system of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) when submitted to different temperatures

description: ABSTRACT: In order to manipulate the mass rearing of natural enemies, temperature variations can be used. The effects are widely studied for their survival and developmental duration; however, there is little information about their reproductive system in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different temperatures on the reproductive system of the predator Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas, 1851) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). The predator was kept at temperature conditions of 17, 21, 25, and 29 °C until reaching 15 days of age, the adult stage. The insects were then killed, measured for both weight and size, dissected, and then evaluated for the following parameters: length of the most developed ovariole; number of ovarioles per ovary; number of oocytes per the more developed ovarioles; number of oocytes per P. nigrispinus female; and the total area of the testicles was measured in the male insects. Results showed that as the temperature increased, the parameters were positively affected. These temperature variations can be used to manipulate the mass rearing of P. nigrispinus under controlled conditions.