cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15014
title: Congregation leaving after Mass, Kinshasa, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: Congo- Leopoldville. Sortie de la Grandd' Messe, le dimanche." "(Output from the Grand Mass on Sunday.") A crowd is gathered outside the cathedral. Many of the women are dressed in traditional clothing while the men are wearing white shirts, pants and hats.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Propriete de 'Missions de Scheut'.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15011
title: Group sittting outdoors, Kinshasa, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: "Ste Ame Citas a Kinshasa. Palabre d'indigenes Batekes." A number of men and women dressed in traditional clothing are sitting outside while a few stand. Thatched huts can also be seen in the distance.; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15010
title: Mission house, Kinshasa, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: Missien van Scheut- Leopoldville-Est (Kinshasa)- Residence des Missionnaires"(Residence of missionaries") An exterior view of the large brick mission house. It is surrounded by trees and shrubbery.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains: "Congo- Propriete de Scheut.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13847
title: Group watching the bathing of a baby, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Tous nos remerciements." ("All our thanks.") A group of two missionary sisters, women and girls are standing and sitting by a basin and one of the women is holding a baby over the basin.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Oeuvre des missionnaires de N.D. D'Afrique Secretariat de Propagande: 33, Av. Porte de Hal, Bruxelles C.C.P.: 1245.53." "La goutte de lait Issavi-Ruanda (Congo belge).
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14962
title: Mission houses, Kimpese, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: An exterior view of several brick buildings in the mission. A number of people can be seen in the distance in front of the buildings.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Missions des RR. PP. Redemptoristes- Missien der EE. PP. Redemptoristen" There is also the caption: "5 - Kimpese - Mission. Missie ("Mission")
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13671
title: Guests at a commencement gathering, Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 1911

description: A gathering of Chinese and Western men, including missionaries, at a commencement ceremony. The Consul Gracey presides over the ceremony in the front row and Mr. Cheshire sits to his left. Back row; Westerners left to right: Leonard J. Christian (ABCFM), Mr. McLaughlin (YMCA), Lewis Hodou, Dr. Kinnear (ABCFM), Rev. Lyman Peet, Rev. George Hubbard, Fred Beach, Mr. Clement, and Mr. Kinnear's son.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14964
title: Exterior of church,  Kimpese, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: The church is made of brick with a cross on top.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Missions des RR. PP. Redemptoristes- Missien der EE. PP. Redemptoristen" There is also the caption: "3 - Kimpese - Eglise- Kerk" ("Church")
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14653
title: Wooden homes with thatched roofs, Kasse, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: An exterior view of the houses in the Kasse mission.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Missions des RR. PP. Redemptoristes- Missien der EE. PP. Redemptoristen."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3112
title: Residence of missionaries of Woman's Foreign Missionary Society, Beijing, China, 1886

description: "W.F.M.L. Home 1872 - 1886"  Exterior of brick home with tile roof.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4217
title: Mountainous countryside, Gansu Province, China, ca.1926

description: "Fair sample of country through which I traveled. Wheat is grown on the terraces. This is taken from the edge of the road. Had just had a heavy snowfall and weather was bitterly cold. (Kansu Prov.)".; Mary W. Caldwell was a missionary serving under the American Presbyterian Mission, South in Taichow, Jiangsu province, who took a trip through Gansu province in 1926.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5819
title: Young girl, Fujian, China, ca.1895-1900

description: Chinese girl -- Joy" A young girl is standing beside a table with poster of Jesus on the wall behind her.  A small sign, apparently written with chalk on a slate, is on the floor in front of the table.  It reads "Luk-di (Joy).
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3225
title: U.S. soldiers marching along street, Beijing, China, 1911

description: "'Uncle Sam's' guard in Peking." Uniformed soldiers with rifles are marching along a street.  Ricksha carrying a Chinese man in the foreground.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4785
title: Famine relief workers, Tingzhou, China, 1921

description: "The Famine Relief staff on the roof of Mr. Bei's summer house, Tingchow, 1921. The Dynamo, A visitor, Deaconess Edith Hart (Hankow), M.H.B., Capt. Cunningham -- Salvation Army, Arthur Allen -- Y.M.C.A."; Margaret Hart Barbour, the photographer, was an American Episcopal missionary in Shanghai at St. John's University from 1916 to 1923.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5824
title: Conveyance for carrying bride to wedding, Fujian, China, ca.1895-1899

description: "Bridal Sedan"  Four men are carrying an elaborate covered carriage.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3461
title: Health education lecture in village, near Beijing, China, ca.1920

description: "An outdoor lecture on hygiene by one of the medical students"  The student is standing in front of a crowd pointing to words on a large sheet or banner stretched between two trees.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4231
title: Dug-out cave home, Gansu Province, China, ca.1926

description: "Dug-out where I spent 3 days (Kansu Prov.)"; Mary W. Caldwell was a missionary serving under the American Presbyterian Mission, South in Taichow, Jiangsu province, who took a trip through Gansu province in 1926.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5815
title: Chinese dignitary, Fujian, China, ca.1890-1900

description: "Chinese Dignitary (who?)"  An elderly Chinese man in hat and robes is posed beside a table with a clock, books, and vase with flowers on it.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4786
title: Famine refugees at a railway station, Tingzhou, China, 1921

description: "Famine refugees at R.R. station. 1921. Tientsin-Peking line."; Margaret Hart Barbour, the photographer, was an American Episcopal missionary in Shanghai at St. John's University from 1916 to 1923.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3255
title: Graduates of the Peking Bible Training Class, Beijing, China, ca.1917-1918

description: "Graduating Class from the Peking Bible Training Class 1917-1918. This school is largely if not wholly for the benefit of young women who are wives of preachers or prospective preachers." Ten young women dressed in identical costumes, holding their diplomas.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3153
title: Residence of women Methodist missionaries, Beijing, China, 1903

description: Exterior of home at 'East End'.  The only family of the Gen. Board who lived near moved into other quarters on the East side of the University campus; so the W.F.M.S. moved there too! The locality was familiarly know as 'East End'.  Here with one servant of all work and in great serenity (save for the French garrison's two hours of bugle practice every day within a half stone's throw of the door) the Peking members of the W.F.M.S. lived from Christmas 1902 to November 1903.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4229
title: Traveling through a riverbed, Gansu Province, China, ca.1926

description: "Passing carts in riverbed. Note how cart driver is wrapped up in sheep skin coat. Very cold. (Kansu Prov)"; Mary W. Caldwell was a missionary serving under the American Presbyterian Mission, South in Taichow, Jiangsu province, who took a trip through Gansu province in 1926.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5823
title: Hakka hair dress, Fujian, China, ca.1895-1899

description: "'Dog' hair dress (Hakka)"  A woman with an elaborate head dress has her back to the camera.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m4232
title: Stone memorial structures along roadside, Gansu Province, China, ca.1926

description: "Memorial tablets along roadside of influential Chinese (Kansu Prov.)"; Mary W. Caldwell was a missionary serving under the American Presbyterian Mission, South in Taichow, Jiangsu province, who took a trip through Gansu province in 1926.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5817
title: Blind girl, Fujian, China, ca.1895-1900

description: "Chinese girl (blind)"  A young girl is standing beside a table with a poster of Jesus on the wall behind her.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13812
title: Round thatched house in rural area, Nigeria, ca.1920-1940

description: "11 Bush house." A man is standing outside of a thatched house in the midst of large trees.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Copyright, C.M.S. Bookshop, Lagos." (Church Missionary Society)
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13881
title: Camels grazing in the desert, Africa, ca.1920-1940

description: "Chameaux au paturage" ("Camels grazing") Approximately thirty camels are grazing in the desert. There are some patches of grass and trees and there are also sand hills in the distance.; The back of the postcard is blank.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15009
title: Choir singing during Mass, Kinshasa, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: Missien van Scheut: Kongo. Het knapenkoor van St. Pieterskerk (Kinshasa)." "(The handsome choir of St. Peter") An interior view of a chapel as the choir sings at the altar. There is a missionary priest to the left.; The back of the postcard contains handwritting in French and also contains information about the mission agency: "Missien van Scheut Postcheck. 1269.90" "Drukkerij "De Beurs" Antwerpen.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13780
title: The Smith family with friends and students, Ing Tai, Fujian, China, ca. 1931

description: The Smith family is seated on the wicker couch in the center of the group. The Rev. Edward Huntington Smith is on the left. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith, is on the right. Their daughter, Helen Huntington Smith, sits between them. Also seated in the front row, from left to right: Ding Ngiong Tiang, Ding Cung, Ling Diong-loh (Hing Huang's son-in-law), Susan Armstrong, Mrs. Su Tieng Yang, Eunice Thomas, Caroline Chittenden, Lin Qieng So, Deng Kui w/ his wife and two children, Lang Cing Sing, Yang Li Gong and Edward. Standing in the rear from left to right: Ding Ceng Hui, Feu Yenching, Muong Sie Kong, Dai Kan, Ding Ceng Huang, Ding Buo, Dang Ding Chung, Yenching, Ngu Nguk, Liong Chin (Hospital), Eng Ko Dung, Dai Wong, Ling Bek Ngi, Sung Kan, Ding Nguong Guang Sung Kan, Lang Buoi Guang, Ling Lang, Wong Ing Guang Dai Kan, Dang Sung Ging (Ing Muoi's son), Ding Eng,  Tang Ing Muoi, Ngu Ciong Chiok, Ding Ing, Ling Bek Ging, Ciong Ling Long.; The Smiths were a family of Congregational missionaries in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou]. Edward Huntington Smith devoted nearly 50 years of his life to running an orphanage, raising funds, and promoting Christian education in Ing Tai, Fukien [Fujian], China. His wife, Grace W. Thomas Smith served as a Kindergarten teacher in the United States and China.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14801
title: Group of school children, Katanga, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: Benediktinjer Missie in Katanga- St Jan Baptist te Mukabe Kasari. Groep schooljongens." "Group of school boys." A group of boys are standing outside near a thatched hut.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Brussel.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13860
title: Two girls styling hair, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: "Ruanda. - Coiffure des Jeunes Filles" ("Hairdressing of young girls") Two girls are sitting while two others are styling their hair. All of the girls are wearing jewelry and indigenous clothing. "Missions d'Afrique"; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about Catholic mission agency: "Soeurs Missionnaires de N.-D. d'Afrique, Birmandreis (Alger) Soeurs Blanches du Cardinal Lavigerie.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13870
title: Children weaving, Algeria, ca.1920-1940

description: "Sahara. - Un ouvroir de broderie arabe" A missionary sister is sitting with a group of children as they weave on looms. "Missions d'Afrique."; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Soeurs Missionnaires de N.-D. d'Afrique, Birmandreis (Alger) Soeurs Blanches du Cardinal Lavigerie
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13787
title: Transporting an automobile across river by raft, Nigeria, ca.1920-1940

description: Crossing a river. Nigeria " Some men are transporting an automobile across the river on a raft. One man is sitting inside the automobile and about three men are standing on the raft.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains printed information about the publisher: "Copyright. The C.M.S. Bookshop, Lagos.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13825
title: Missionary sisters visiting a family, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Ruanda- Issavi- Apostolisch tochtje." Four missionary sisters are posed outside of a grass hut with a group of villagers. Two of the missionary sisters are holding umbrellas. The front of the postcard also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Postulaat der Zusters Missionarissen van O.L. Vrouw van Africka. (Witte Zusters van Kardinaal Lavigerie, Esch-bij-Boxtel)"; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Brussel.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13774
title: Christian Assembly celebrating Christmas, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 1954 Dec. 25

description: A large group of people is posed at the base of some wide stairs. A Chinese man in traditional garb at the far right in the front row is named Heng Leung. The Chinese man in a western suit at the far left of the front row is listed as "Ben".; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family, missionaries serving the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13783
title: Woman carrying a child, Cameroon, ca.1920-1940

description: "Missions des P.P. du Saint Esprit - Cameroun - La facon de porter le bebe" ("The way of carrying the baby").  A woman poses in front of a wall, carrying a baby at her side in a sling that hangs across her shoulder.; The back of the postcard is blank, with printed information possibly about the photographer :"Phototypie J. Bienaime, Reims" Postcard issued by the Congregation of the Holy Ghost, a Catholic order that sent missionaries to French colonies in Africa.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13868
title: Three young women, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Three girls are posed with their arms around each other. They are in indigenous clothing and they are all wearing jewelry.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 6. Type de jeunes filles Banyaruanda (Kivu). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 6. Jonge meisjes van den Banyaruanda-Stam (Kivu-Streek)."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13848
title: Novitiate indigenous sisters, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Approximately twenty girls are sitting and standing on rugs with their arms crossed or hands folded, dressed in all white. Some of the girls have on robes and head dresses.; The back of the postcard contains printed information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missionnaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 3. Noviciat des Soeurs indigenes, a Isavi (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 3. Het noviciaat voor inlandsche Zusters, te Isavi (Ruanda)" There is also printed information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles."
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5842518
title: An Artificial Intelligence Dataset for Solar Energy Locations in India

description: To expedite development of solar energy, land use planners will need access to up-to-date and accurate geo-spatial information of PV infrastructure. In this work, we develop a machine learning model to map utility-scale solar projects across India using freely available satellite imagery. Model predictions were validated by human experts to obtain a total of 1438 solar farms. We also estimate the solar footprint across India and quantified the degree of land modification associated with land cover types that may cause conflicts. Our analysis indicates that over 74% of solar development in India was built on landcover types that have natural ecosystem preservation, and agricultural values. Our work increases the feasibility of long-term monitoring of renewable energy deployment targets.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13821
title: Missionary sister teaching children to weave, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: Ruanda- Een tapijtschool te Kabgaye." Three groups of students are working on weaving projects. The White Sisters missionary is standing showing one of the students something in her hands. One group of students are working on a loom facing a brick wall of a building. The front of the postcard also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Postulaat der Zusters Missionarissen van O.L. Vrouw van Africka. (Witte Zusters van Kardinaal Lavigerie, Esch-bij-Boxtel)"; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Brussel.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m3171
title: Standard Bearers club at Methodist girls' boarding school, Beijing, China, 1904

description: Some 'Standard Bearers'.  Under the superintendence of Miss Gilman, the first organization of 'Standard Bearers' in North China was made in the boarding school in 1904.  In a single year it numbered forty members, the contributions being $12.59
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m5797
title: Commissioners processing to trial, Kucheng, Fujian, China,1895

description: "Commissioners proceeding to Kucheng trial (Kucheng massacre 1895)"  The commissioners are being carried in covered carriages on poles up a path with large Western-style buildings on the hillside.; After the killings at the nearby village of Hwasang (also Kuasang, Whasang) the British and American Consuls in Foochow formed a Commission of Enquiry comprised of Mr. R. W. Mansfield, H.B.M. Consul at Foochow; Col. J. C. Hixson, U.S. Consul at Foochow; Mr. E. L.B. Allen, H.B.M. Vice-Consul at Pagoda Island; Lieut. Evans, U.S.S. Detroit; the Rev. W. Banister, CMS, Dr. Gregory of the American Methodist Episcopal Mission, and the Rev. L. H. Star CMS. The Chinese members were the Foochow Prefects responsible for all the districts in Fukien Province, the Kucheng City Magistrate and the Kucheng Deputy City Magistrate.  Buildings in this picture may be the American Methodist Episcopa Mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13865
title: Christian family, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: A couple and their six children are standing posed outside. The wife is holding the baby and the other children are standing in front of their parents. The father is wearing a white robe, the rest of the family is in indigenous dress and they are all wearing crucifixes.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Missionaires d'Afrique (Peres Blancs). 4. Une famille chretienne (Ruanda). Missionarissen van Afrika (Witte Paters). 4. Een christen familie (Ruanda)."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15609
title: Beginning of a mission, Kisantu, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: 18. Debuts d'une Mission - Kisantu - Begin eener Zending." ("Start of a mission") An exterior view of the mission in a forest, with a number of thatched roof huts in the distance.; The back of the postcard contains a handwritten note in French and also contains information about the mission agency: "Mission du Kwango. Kwango - Missie.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14867
title: Clergy with children,  Kimpako, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: A clergy is sitting outside posed with a group of male children. They are standing near a thatched roof building made of sticks and branches.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Missions des RR. PP. Redemptoristes- Missien der EE. PP. Redemptoristen" There is also the caption: "7 - Kimpangu - Maison des enfants. Huis der kinderen" ("House of children")
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m15013
title: Sacre Coeur mission, Kinshasa, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: An exterior view of the Sacre Coeur mission, a long building with arches and pillars.; The back of the postcard contains a handwritten note in French and also contains information about the mission agency: "Externat du Sacre- Coeur. Leopoldville- Est (Congo belge)." There is also information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles."
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14963
title: Students outside of school buildings,  Kimpese, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: A group of students are posed together, with a number of buildings in the background.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the mission agency: "Missions des RR. PP. Redemptoristes- Missien der EE. PP. Redemptoristen" There is also the caption: "3 - Kimpese - Enfants de la mission. Kinderen van de missie" ("Children of the mission") There is also the message: "A droite: Ecole- A gauche: Ecole de menuiserie. Rechts: School- Links: Schrijnwerkersschool" ("Right: A left-School: School carpentry")
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13849
title: Missionary sisters visiting a family, Rwanda, ca.1920-1940

description: "Ruanda- Issavi- Soeurs en excursion. Apostolisch tochtje." Four missionary sisters are posed outside of a grass hut with a group of villagers. Two of the missionary sisters are holding umbrellas.; The back of the postcard is blank and contains information about the publisher: "Ern. Thill, Bruxelles." The back also contains information about the Catholic mission agency: "Postulats des Soeurs Missionaires de N.-D. d'Afrique. (Soeurs Blanches du Cardinal Lavigerie) Herent (Br.)- Thielt (Fl. Oc.). Postulaten der Zusters Missionarissen van O.L.V. van Afrika. (Witte Zusters van Karinaal Lavigerie) Herent (Br.)- Thielt (W.Vl.).
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13778
title: American cemetery in Foochow, Fujian, China, ca. 1915

description: The graveyard is enclosed by a stone wall. The Hartwell plot can be seen in the center of the yard. The grave of Ella J. Newton is visible in the back of yard to the right.; This photo is from the papers of the Edward Huntington Smith family, missionaries serving the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in China, 1901-1950, primarily in Ing Tai and Foochow [Fuzhou].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m13682
title: Rev. and Mrs. Charles Hartwell on a boat, Fujian, China, 1901 Dec. 7

description: The Rev. Charles Hartwell and his wife stand aboard a wooden Chinese sampan. A group of Chinese children and adults are also on board.  An American flag flies on ship's stern.; This photo is from the papers of Emily Susan Hartwell, an American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions missionary stationed in Foochow, Fukien from 1884.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-m14660
title: Portrait of a child, Katanga, Congo, ca.1920-1940

description: A child is posed outside for the portrait wearing a white shirt.; The back of the postcard contains handwritting and the caption and mission agency information: "...Antoine est soucieux ("Antoine is anxious")...- Katanga (Congo belge). Mission des Peres Benedictins. (Abbaye de St-Andre- Lophem-lez-Bruges.) - Toontje is bekommerd- Katanga (Belgische Kongo). Missie der Paters Benediktijnen. (Sint-Andries Abdij- (Lophem-bij-Brugge.)" The following is also printed on the back: "Edit. Uitg. 'Pro Apostolis'"