cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.4231/jghh-f716
title: In-vehicle Alerts for Conditionally Automated Vehicles

description: &lt;p&gt;How the capabilities and limitations of automated driving systems (ADSs) are communicated to users both before their initial use by developers and during their operation by their human machine interface (HMI) impact safety. Autonowashing has contributed to high profile crashes involving misuse of partial driving automation systems (L2),leading some drivers to over-trust currently available L2 advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) relative to their capabilities. This could worsen with conditional ADSs (L3) that might require driver intervention when operational thresholds are reached while being automated most of the time. Participants in this simulator study were provided introductory information via video that communicated the driver&rsquo;s role at different levels of automation, the capabilities and limitations of the simulated L3 ADS, and its graded warning system. This video ended with either an explicit reminder of the driver&rsquo;s responsibilities when using conditional driving automation (L3 reminder condition) or highlighted benefits that might arrive with higher levels of driving automation (L4+ capabilities condition). Significant differences were found in subjective ratings of familiarity, with participants in the L4+ capabilities condition reporting greater levels of familiarity over the course of the experiment (though still low) than their L3 reminder condition counterparts. Participants often resumed vehicle control when the ADS communicated uncertainty, and there were few differences in take-over performance or monitoring behavior between conditions. Participants&rsquo; take-over performance improved in both conditions, emphasizing the beneficial effects of practicing such a maneuver.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Driving simulator study data collected at Purdue University from 2018-2019. Participants came in to the lab and completed the 2.5 hour long study that investigated the effects of different introductory information on take-over performance.
DOI: 10.4231/ssv5-5e21
title: Leopard Frog PFOS & PFHxS Mixture Study

description: &lt;p&gt;PFAS at aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) impacted sites occur as mixtures, with perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) most commonly co-occurring in the highest concentrations. Although PFOS and PFHxS toxicities have been studied extensively, few studies have tested potential interactions between the two. This study compared toxicities of a 1:1 PFOS:PFHxS mixture to PFOS and PFHxS individually with the prediction that responses would be additive. Leopard frog tadpoles were exposed to either 0.5 ppb or 1 ppb PFOS or PFHxS singly or a mixture of 0.5 ppb PFOS and 0.5 ppb PFHxS throughout metamorphosis (GS 25 through GS 46).  Survival was monitored throughout the study.  Phenotypic responses (mass, SVL, SMI) were measured at day 31, GS 42 (metamorphic climax), and GS 46 (completion of metamorphosis).  PFAS body burdens were measured at day 31 of exposure and at GS 46, BCFs were calculated at GS 46.  &lt;/p&gt;
description: Leopard frog tadpoles exposed to either 0.5 ppb or 1 ppb of either PFOS or PFHxS or a mixture of 0.5 ppb PFOS and 0.5 ppb PFHxS throughout metamorphosis. Responses measured included survival, mass, SVL, SMI, PFAS body burdens, and BCFs.
DOI: 10.4231/htsf-gk66
title: Rain stable water isotope data from the city of Arequipa, Peru during 2019 wet season

description: &lt;p&gt;This data repository accompanies the publication &quot;&lt;b&gt;Reinterpreting the Stable Water Isotope Signatures in Precipitation in the Andean Western Cordillera Due to Sub-seasonal Moisture Source Changes and Sub-cloud Evaporation&quot;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The extremely arid western Andean rain shadow receives approximately 100 mm of precipitation typically transported by strong easterly winds at high altitudes from the Amazon basin over the Andes. Here, we examined daily rain amounts and oxygen and hydrogen isotopic ratios from a network of collectors in the southern Peruvian city of Arequipa at 2,300 meters elevation on the western flank of the Andes during the 2019 summer monsoon season (January &ndash; March). The isotopic signature of dominant easterly moisture transport was surprising enriched in heavy isotopes due to strong sub-cloud evaporation. Previously, enriched isotopic signatures have been interpreted as Pacific moisture influence. Shifting meteorologic conditions transported isotopically depleted northerly moisture into the area for two weeks including two days of intense rainfall, flooding, and landslides in several communities. Large-scale moisture transport in past climates may be studied through preserved isotopic proxies with this refined knowledge of isotopic signature controls.&lt;/p&gt;
description: We analyzed daily rainfall in the southern Peruvian city of Arequipa for water stable isotopes during the 2019 monsoon season to study sub-seasonal precipitation dynamics including time-varying moisture source influence.
DOI: 10.4231/dp2d-yf95
title: Code for the severe convective storm (SCS) environmental sounding model described in Chavas and Dawson (2021, JAS).

description: &lt;p&gt;Code for severe convective storm (SCS) environmental sounding model described in Chavas and Dawson (2021).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;CD21_SCSsounding_CM1.m produces an idealized environmental sounding: vertical profiles of temperature, moisture, pressure, and vector winds. The code can be run out of the box in MATLAB. Any dependencies are included in the mfiles/ folder. The input parameters are defined by the user in the &ldquo;USER INPUT&rdquo; section at the top of the file.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The code will produce two plots: thermodynamic vertical profiles &ldquo;CD21_SCSsounding_CM1_thermal.pdf&rdquo; and kinematic vertical profiles &ldquo;CD21_SCSsounding_CM1_wind.pdf&rdquo;. The code will also output a sounding text file &ldquo;CD21_SCSsounding_CM1.txt&rdquo; that is formatted for direct input into the numerical model Cloud Model 1 (CM1), which is widely used in the weather community.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Chavas D. R. and D. T. Dawson II (2021). An idealized physical model for the severe convective storm environmental sounding. J. Atmos. Sci., 78(2), pp.653-670.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Shortened abstract: This work develops a theoretical model for steady thermodynamic and kinematic profiles for severe convective storm environments. The model is phrased in terms of static energy, and it allows for independent variation of the boundary layer and free troposphere separated by a capping inversion. An algorithm is presented to apply the model to generate a sounding for numerical simulations of severe convective storms, and the model is compared and contrasted with that of Weisman and Klemp. The construction of this minimal model is flexible and amenable to additional modifications as needed. The model offers a novel framework that may be useful for testing how severe convective storms depend on the vertical structure of the hydrostatic environment, as well as for linking variability in these environments to the physical processes that produce them within the climate system.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Code to produce an idealized severe convective storm (SCS) environmental sounding as described in the paper Chavas and Dawson (2021, JAS).
DOI: 10.4231/543k-fr90
title: Origin-Destination (O-D) Matrix from Indianapolis

description: &lt;p&gt;The Origin-Destination matrix for Indy was extracted from the Census Transportation Planning Products data Website. More information about their procedures for collecting this data can be found at https://ctpp.transportation.org/. The time span of this matrix is on peak hours between 6:00 am to 10:00 am on a Wednesday in 2017. The researchers calculate the environmental impacts of shared autonomous vehicles using this data. This data can be used to replicate this exercise using Agent Based modeling.&lt;/p&gt;
description: The Origin-Destination matrix for Indy contains the flows of the 42 Transportation Analysis Zones surrounding the Indianapolis area. It also presents the total amount of travel within each region.
DOI: 10.4231/hygw-t670
title: Highly Transportation Disadvantaged Area Chicago

description: &lt;p&gt;This file contains areas designated as highly transportation disadvantaged (HTDA) in Chicago which were outlined using a combination of three measures: accessibility, mobility, and outcome-based measures. This data can be used with other publicly available data to identify if new projects benefit HTDA. It comes in shapefile and CSV format.&lt;/p&gt;
description: This file contains areas designated as highly transportation disadvantaged in Chicago. This areas were outlined using three different measures and publicly available data. The methodology is replicable and can be used in different areas.
DOI: 10.4231/xr71-zm27
title: Atmospheric emission of nanoplastics from sewer pipes repair

description: &lt;p&gt;Nanoplastic particles are inadequately characterized environmental pollutants with significant adverse effects on aquatic and atmospheric systems, causing detrimental effects to human health through inhalation, ingestion, and skin penetration. At present, it is explicitly assumed that environmental nanoplastics (EnvNP) are weathering fragments of microplastic or larger plastic debris discharged into terrestrial and aquatic environments, while atmospheric occurrence of EnvNP is solely attributed to aerosolization by wind and other mechanical forces. However, sources and emissions of unintended EnvNP are poorly understood and are therefore largely unaccounted for in various risk assessments. Here, we show that large quantities of EnvNP may be directly emitted into the atmosphere as steam laden waste components discharged from a commonly used technology to repair sewer pipes in urban areas. Comprehensive chemical analysis of the discharged waste condensate reveals abundant presence of insoluble colloids, which after drying form solid organic particles with composition and viscosity consistent with EnvNP. We suggest that airborne emissions of EnvNP from these globally used sewer repair practices may be prevalent in highly populated urban areas. Airborne emissions of these EnvNP particles may have important implications on air quality and toxicological levels in large urban areas that need to be mitigated.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Common technology of sewer pipe repairs emits airborne nanoplastic particles at significant scale that may impact the environment and air quality in urban areas.
DOI: 10.4231/ttq4-3g44
title: Testing common tubing materials for memory effects during water vapor stable isotope measurements

description: &lt;p&gt;In this study, we compared how a large isotopic step change propagated through five tubing materials, PFA, FEP, PTFE, HDPE, and copper, at two different temperatures and a flow rate of 1.1 SLPM through approximately 100 feet of 1/4 inch OD tubing. All tubing materials performed similarly to each other in terms of attenuation times regardless of temperature. While surface area and length of tubing affect lag times of signal propagation, they don&rsquo;t change the shape of the attenuation curve or the e-folding time of the exponential decay. This is due to the speed of isotopic equilibrium with tubing walls, which can be described as a first order chemical reaction with the concentration of reactive surface sites. Likewise, use of a high-surface area air filter at this flow rate only affected lag times, but not the overall shape of the attenuation curve. Our results show that plastic tubing materials are not inferior to copper in terms of isotopic memory, and they are easier to work with and lower cost. Users are still advised to maximize air flow rates to minimize memory effects especially when accurate time-varying deuterium-excess measurements are required. Our results indicate that flow rates greater than 1.1 SLPM should yield D-excess e-folding times below 6 minutes for 1/4-inch OD tubing.&lt;br /&gt;
 &lt;/p&gt;
description: A laboratory experiment testing the water vapor isotopic memory of a few common air intake tubing materials (PFA, FEP, PTFE, HDPE, and copper). e-folding times are quantified at 2 different temperatures.
DOI: 10.4231/x1m2-tv82
title: Indiana’s Future Freight Traffic Optimization Model

description: &lt;p&gt;This project focuses on forecasting freight logistics needs and developing and analyzing capacity plans for INDOT to consider. The forecast timeframe ranges from 2020 to 2045; the commodities considered are those used in the FHWA framework. Five SSP (Shared Socio-Economic Pathways) scenarios that are in sync with those used by the IPCC (International Protocol for Climate Change) were considered. The IPCC forecasts of world GDP and FHWA forecasts to develop county-level freight forecasts by commodity were also used. A survey of industry participants, primarily in manufacturing, suggests that Indiana industries are tied to the rest of the country and the world for supply of inputs as well as for demand markets. Initially, three industry-based case studies were developed based on past studies and data. Data from these case studies was used to illustrate the impact of bill of materials and growth forecasts on forecasted congestion and potential capacity mitigation using an opensolver-based (&lt;a href="https://opensolver.org/"&gt;https://opensolver.org/&lt;/a&gt;; latest version 2.9.3) optimization model developed in Excel spreadsheets.&lt;/p&gt;
description: The results of this study indicate that systematic, model-based capacity planning analysis can be used effectively in planning transportation infrastructure improvements that are linked to specific industry clusters.
DOI: 10.4231/60q7-gp95
title: Data for Proteomics and Metabolomics Profiling of Meat Exudate to Understand the Impact of Postmortem Aging on Oxidative Stability of Beef Muscles

description: &lt;p style="margin-left:-.75pt;"&gt;The objective of this study was to characterize the major proteomes and metabolites present in beef exudate and determine their relationship with the color and oxidative quality of beef muscles. Beef loin (&lt;em&gt;longissimus lumborum&lt;/em&gt;; LD) and tenderloin (&lt;em&gt;psoas major&lt;/em&gt;; PM) muscles were cut into sections, individually vacuum-packaged, and aged for 9, 16 and 23 days. Following aging, the meat exudates were collected and analyzed for both proteomics and metabolomics profiles. Both analyses demonstrated that distinct proteins and metabolites clustered by different muscle types and aging times were detected from meat exudate, however, metabolomics profiling presented a greater capability in identifying different aging periods. The proteome profile of PM exudate exhibited a greater concentration of oxidative metabolism enzymes, while the LD exudate contained a higher abundance of glycolytic metabolism enzymes. Greater lipid, nucleotide, carnitine and glucoside metabolites were observed in LD and 23d exudates, further explaining potential postmortem energy metabolism. The results indicated that meat exudate could be a viable analytical matrix to further understand postmortem metabolism and potentially generate unique biomarker combinations to predict meat quality attributes.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Metabolomics and proteomics data used in the proteomics and metabolomics profiling of meat exudate study
DOI: 10.4231/nk5j-6t74
title: Structure-function relationships of cholesterol mobilization from the endo-lysosome compartment of NPC1-deficient human cells by β-CD polyrotaxanes

description: &lt;p&gt;Niemann-Pick Type C is a rare metabolic disorder characterized by the cellular accumulation of cholesterol within endosomal and lysosomal compartments. 2-Hydroxypropyl-&beta;-cyclodextrin (HP-&beta;-CD) containing polyrotaxanes represent an attractive approach for treating this disease due to their ability to circulate in the blood stream for longer periods of time as a prodrug form of HP-&beta;-CD. Once inside the cell, the macromolecular structure is thought to break down into the Pluronic precursor and the active cyclodextrin agent that promotes cholesterol mobilization from the aberrant accumulations within NPC-deficient cells. We now report that both cholesterol and decaarginine (R&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;) endcapped polyrotaxanes are able to remove cholesterol from NPC1 patient fibroblasts. R&lt;sub&gt;10 &lt;/sub&gt;endcapped materials enter these cells and are localized within endosomes after 16 h. The cholesterol mobilization from endo-lysosomal compartments of NPC1 cells by the polyrotaxanes was directly related to their extent of endcapping and their threading efficiency. Incorporation of 4-sulfobutylether-&beta;-cyclodextrin (SBE-&beta;-CD) significantly improved cholesterol mobilization due to the improved solubility of the compounds. Additionally, in our efforts to scale-up the synthesis for preclinical studies, we prepared a library of polyrotaxanes using a solid phase synthesis method. These compounds also led to significant cholesterol mobilization from the cells, however, cytotoxicity studies showed that they were substantially more toxic than those prepared by the solvent-assisted method, thus limiting the therapeutic utility of agents prepared by this expedited method. Our findings demonstrate that complete endcapping of the polyrotaxanes and improved solubility are important design features for delivering high copy numbers of therapeutic &beta;-CD to promote enhanced sterol clearance in human NPC1-deficient cells.&lt;/p&gt;
description: 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin containing polyrotaxanes represent an attractive approach for treatment of a rare metabolic disorder Niemann-Pick Type C.
DOI: 10.4231/q677-qe32
title: BreakOut Automatic Picking From Image Logs (BOAPFIL)

description: &lt;p&gt;This is a Matlab-based program to automate borehole breakout (BO) interpretation from ultrasonic image logs. Using a peak-detection-based method, BO azimuth and width are automatically determined at each depth slice from a combination of the amplitude and pulse reflection times. The program is composed of a main algorithm file &ldquo;BOAPFIL.m&rdquo; and four subroutines. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This easily-access program will help researchers quantitatively complement the manual examination of ultrasonic images. Besides researchers who are specialized in oil and gas exploration, the program is also likely to be an interest to researchers in mining and tunneling as well where the stability of subsurface applications needs to be ensured.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This program is referred to the manuscript entitled &ldquo;Automated Borehole Breakout Interpretation from Ultrasonic Imaging: Application to a Deep Borehole Drilled into the Crystalline Crust&rdquo;, by Wenjing Wang and Douglas R. Schmitt published in 54th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium, OnePetro (2020).&lt;/p&gt;
description: A Matlab-based algorithm that picks breakout azimuth and width from ultrasonic image logs automatically
DOI: 10.4231/kmqx-r785
title: Trajectory Dataset for translation of driver-pedestrian behavioral models at semi- controlled crosswalks into a quantitative framework.

description: &lt;p&gt;The research described in this project began in response to frequent questions from users of several crosswalks near a university campus.  At each crosswalk was a sign indicating that motorists should yield to pedestrians in the crosswalk.  That this message was not being interpreted uniformly was a concern at locations where heterogeneous road users (pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists) were interacting.  Instead of trying to impose a single interpretation on users of each crosswalk, it was decided to observe and analyze interactions between users of the crosswalk. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Recently, computer vision (CV) algorithms have been extensively used in road users&rsquo; detection and tracking at an unparalleled spatial-temporal scale. In this study, CV algorithms have been applied to convert the video recordings into a large-scale spatial-temporal trajectory dataset including 800 pedestrians and cyclists interacting with more than 500 vehicles.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Trajectory profiles in this dataset can be used to evaluate behaviors of multiple road users when they interact in uncontrolled shared spaces. Similar to the applications of KITTI, ApolloScape, BDD100K, and Argoverse, the open-sourced dataset can be used in pedestrian planning, simulation, and prediction tasks. Detailed applications of the trajectory/interaction dataset can be found in the dissertation: &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Zhang, Y. (2022). &lt;i&gt;Making Crosswalks Smarter: Using Sensors and Learning Algorithms to Safeguard Heterogeneous Road Users&lt;/i&gt; (Doctoral dissertation, Purdue University Graduate School).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p dir="auto"&gt;Each folder contains trajectory profiles of pedestrians (*.csv starts with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;ped&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;) and trajectory profiles of motorists (*.csv starts with &quot;&lt;strong&gt;veh&lt;/strong&gt;&quot;). Pedestrian trajectory profiles for Time 4 are now being pre-processed currently and will be updated later.&lt;/p&gt;
description: On-site cameras provided a bird-eye view of an unsignalized crosswalk. Computer Vision algorithms generate a large-scale spatial-temporal trajectory dataset from more than three hours of videos.
DOI: 10.4231/qp7v-v527
title: Peatlands and their carbon dynamics in northern high latitudes from 1990 to 2300: A process-based biogeochemistry model analysis

description: &lt;p&gt;Northern peatlands have been a large C sink during the Holocene, but whether they will keep being the C sink under future climate change is uncertain. This study simulates the responses of northern peatlands to future climate change until 2300 with a Peatland version of the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (PTEM). The simulations are driven by two CMIP5 climate data (IPSL-CM5A-LR and bcc-csm1-1) under three warming scenarios (RCP2.6, 4.5 and 8.5). Peatlands expansion, shrink, accumulation and decomposition processes are modeled at 0.05&deg; resolution. In the 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; century, northern peatlands are projected to be a C source of 1.2-&lt;a&gt;13.3 Pg C&lt;/a&gt; under all climate scenarios except for the RCP 2.6 for bcc-csm1-1 (a sink of 0.8 Pg C). During 2100-2300, northern peatlands under all scenarios are a C source with IPSL-CM5A-LR scenarios being larger sources than bcc-csm1-1 scenarios (5.9-118.3 vs. 0.7-87.6 Pg C). The peatland being C sources are due to: 1) water table depth (WTD) becomes deeper and permafrost thaw increases decomposition rate; 2) net primary production (NPP) does not increase much as climate warms because peat drying suppresses net N mineralization and as WTD deepens, peatlands switches from moss-herbaceous dominated ecosystems to moss-woody dominated ones, while woody plants requires more N for productivity. Under IPSL-CM5A-LR scenarios, northern peatlands remain as a C sink until pan-Arctic annual temperature reaches -2.6 -  -2.89&deg;C, while this threshold is -2.09 -  -2.35&deg;C for bcc-csm1-1 scenarios. This study predicts an earlier northern peatland sink to source shift than previous estimates in the literature and emphasizes the vulnerability of northern peatlands to climate change.&lt;/p&gt;
description: This study simulates the C dynamics of northern peatlands during1990-2300. Before 2100, northern peatlands are a C source under all climate scenarios except for the mildest one. Afterwards, northern peatlands under all scenarios are C sources.