DOI: 10.5061/dryad.326r8
title: Data from: Evolution of the immune system influences speciation rates in teleost fishes

description: Teleost fishes constitute the most species-rich vertebrate clade and
 exhibit extensive genetic and phenotypic variation, including diverse
 immune defense strategies. The genomic basis of a particularly aberrant
 strategy is exemplified by Atlantic cod, in which a loss of major
 histocompatibility complex (MHC) II functionality coincides with a marked
 expansion of MHC I genes. Through low-coverage genome sequencing (9–39×),
 assembly and comparative analyses for 66 teleost species, we show here
 that MHC II is missing in the entire Gadiformes lineage and thus was lost
 once in their common ancestor. In contrast, we find that MHC I gene
 expansions have occurred multiple times, both inside and outside this
 clade. Moreover, we identify an association between high MHC I copy number
 and elevated speciation rates using trait-dependent diversification
 models. Our results extend current understanding of the plasticity of the
 adaptive immune system and suggest an important role for immune-related
 genes in animal diversification.
description: Assembled scaffolds for
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