DOI: 10.3886/icpsr38753.v1
title: Early Steps Multisite Study (Age 9), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Eugene, Oregon, and Charlottesville, Virginia, 2002-2014
title: Version 1

description: The Early Steps Multisite (ESM) Study is a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of the early childhood version of the Family Check-Up intervention. The enclosed data file includes home-based assessments carried out at child ages 2, 3, 4, 5, 7.5, 8.5, 9.5, and 10.5 involving 731 families from three distinct communities in the United States: Pittsburgh, PA (urban), Eugene, OR (suburban), and in and outside Charlottesville, VA (rural). Assessments include questionnaires and interviews with primary caregivers (i.e., typically mothers) and alternative caregivers (fathers, grandparents, and other child caregivers) about child behavior, sociodemographic and family risk, parent well-being and support, coupled with observations of developmentally-tailored parent-child interaction tasks (e.g., teaching, clean-up, and meal preparation tasks at ages 2-5, discussion tasks at ages 7.5 and 9.5). Teacher reports on multiple domains of child behavior were obtained beginning at age 7.5 through age 10.5, and youth reports on their own adjustment beginning at child age 8.5. Direct testing of children's academic achievement was administered at child ages 5, 7.5, and 8.5 using scales from the Woodcock-Johnson.
description: The purpose of this study is to test the efficacy of the early childhood version of the Family Check-Up intervention.
description: Response Rates: Of the 1,666 families who had children in the appropriate age range and were approached at WIC programs across the three study sites, 879 met eligibility requirements (52% in Pittsburgh, 57% in Eugene, and 49% in Charlottesville). Before the first home assessment at age 2, families were randomly assigned to the FCU or control conditions, the latter receiving WIC services as usual.
description: Presence of Common Scales: Established instruments including the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist and accompanying Teacher Report Form, the Center of Epidemiological Study - Depression (CES-D), Crnic and Greenberg General Life Satisfaction scale, Crnic and Greenberg Parenting Daily Hassles scale, Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory.
description: The sample includes families enrolled in Women, Infants, and Children Nutritional Supplement (WIC) Programs at three jurisdictions in the US for which the target child needed to be between 2 and 3 years of age at the time of enrollment.Families were invited to participate if they had a child between 2 years 0 months and 2 years 11 months of age, following a screening to ensure that they met study criteria by having family, socioeconomic, and/or child risk factors for future behavioral problems. Families were eligible to participate if they scored at least one standard deviation above the normative mean in at least two of the three domains of risk: a) familial risk (e.g., maternal depressive symptoms, b) socio-demographic risk (e.g., low parental education), and c) child risk (e.g., CP).Of the 1,666 families who had children in the appropriate age range and were approached at WIC programs across the three study sites, 879 met eligibility requirements (52% in Pittsburgh, 57% in Eugene, and 49% in Charlottesville). Before the first home assessment at age 2, families were randomly assigned to the FCU or control conditions, the latter receiving WIC services as usual. At the time of recruitment, primary caregivers across sites self-identified as European American (50%), African American (28%), biracial (13%), and other groups (9%; e.g., American Indian, Native Hawaiian), with 13.4% of the sample reported being Hispanic American. The primary caregivers who participated in the assessment tasks at age 2 were predominantly biological mothers (96%), and in all other cases, were biological fathers, grandmothers, or other non-maternal custodial caregivers. The sample was primarily of lower socioeconomic status, with more than two-thirds of the families enrolled in the project reporting an annual income less than $20,000. Forty-one percent of primary caregivers had a high school diploma or general education diploma (GED) and an additional 32% had 1-2 years of post-high school training. For more information about sample characteristics, see Dishion et al. (2008).
description: Datasets: DS0: Study-Level Files DS1: Age 9 Alternate Caregiver Demographics Raw Data DS2: Age 9 Adult-Child Relationship Scale Raw Data DS3: Age 9 After-Care Provider Survey Raw Data DS4: Age 9 Alternate Caregiver System Involvement Interview Raw Data DS5: Age 9 After-Care Provider Demographics Raw Data DS6: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist Aftercare Raw Data DS7: Age 9 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System AFT Raw Data DS8: Age 9 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System Parent Raw Data DS9: Age 9 Body Mass Index Raw Data DS10: Age 9 Neighborhood Questionnaire Raw Data DS11: Age 9 Brief Neighborhood Observation Raw Data DS12: Age 9 Aftercare Provider Questionnaire Checklist Raw Data DS13: Age 9 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Aftercare Provider Report Raw Data DS14: Age 9 Bullying Questionnaire Raw Data DS15: Age 9 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Raw Data DS16: Age 9 CFC Questionnaire-Parent Family Conflict Scale Raw Data DS17: Age 9 Circle of Care Raw Data DS18: Age 9 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Aftercare Raw Data DS19: Age 9 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Teacher Raw Data DS20: Age 9 Conflict Problem-Solving Scale Raw Data DS21: Age 9 Bio-Father's Contact with Target Child Raw Data DS22: Age 9 Demographics Raw Data DS23: Age 9 Dyadic Adjustment Scale Raw Data DS24: Age 9 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Raw Data DS25: Age 9 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Videotaper Raw Data DS26: Age 9 Examiner Home Impressions Raw Data DS27: Age 9 Examiner Home Impressions Videotaper Raw Data DS28: Age 9 Exposure to Violence Raw Data DS29: Age 9 Financial Stress Questionnaire Raw Data DS30: Age 9 General Life Satisfaction Raw Data DS31: Age 9 Hot Topics Questionnaire Raw Data DS32: Age 9 Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits Raw Data DS33: Age 9 Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits Aftercare Raw Data DS34: Age 9 Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure Raw Data DS35: Age 9 Monitoring Interview Updated Raw Data DS36: Age 9 Microagression Raw Data DS37: Age 9 Middle Child Home Record Form Raw Data DS38: Age 9 Me and My Neighborhood Questionnaire Raw Data DS39: Age 9 Moffitt Scale Raw Data DS40: Age 9 Monitoring Questionnaire Raw Data DS41: Age 9 Parental Monitoring Interview Raw Data DS42: Age 9 Parenting Children and Adolescents Raw Data DS43: Age 9 Parenting Scale Raw Data DS44: Age 9 Parent Aftercare Survey Raw Data DS45: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist 6-18 Raw Data DS46: Age 9 Performance of Childcare and Household Duties Raw Data DS47: Age 9 Peers Questionnaire Raw Data DS48: Age 9 Parent Involvement in Neighborhood Experiences Raw Data DS49: Age 9 Parent Involvement Scale Raw Data DS50: Age 9 Parent Involvement Scale - Teacher Version Raw Data DS51: Age 9 Property Characteristics Raw Data DS52: Age 9 Parent Rating of Peers and Social Skills Raw Data DS53: Age 9 Measure of Pubertal Development Raw Data DS54: Age 9 Questionnaire List DS55: Age 9 Recent Activities Interview Raw Data DS56: Age 9 Relational Aggression - Children's Social Behavior Raw Data DS57: Age 9 School Behavior Rating Coding DS58: Age 9 School Quality Survey Raw Data DS59: Age 9 Service Utilization Raw Data DS60: Age 9 Skills Checklist Raw Data DS61: Age 9 Self-Report of Deviance Raw Data DS62: Age 9 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Aftercare Raw Data DS63: Age 9 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Teacher Raw Data DS64: Age 9 Substance Use Raw Data DS65: Age 9 Target Child Substance Use Raw Data DS66: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist Raw Data DS67: Age 9 Teacher Demographics Raw Data DS68: Age 9 Inhibitory Control Raw Data DS69: Age 9 Teacher Social Skills Survey Raw Data DS70: Age 9 Teacher Rating of Peers and Social Skills Raw Data DS71: Age 9 Teacher Questionnaire List DS72: Age 9 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Teacher Report Raw Data DS73: Age 9 Adult-Child Relationship Scale Scored Data DS74: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist Aftercare Scored Data DS75: Age 9 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System AFT Scored Data DS76: Age 9 Behavioral and Emotional Screening System Parent Scored Data DS77: Age 9 Body Mass Index 1 Scored Data DS78: Age 9 Body Mass Index 2 Scored Data DS79: Age 9 Neighborhood Questionnaire Scored Data DS80: Age 9 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Aftercare Provider Report Scored Data DS81: Age 9 Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scored Data DS82: Age 9 CFC Questionnaire-Parent Family Conflict Scale Scored Data DS83: Age 9 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Aftercare Scored Data DS84: Age 9 Child-Peer Relationship & Behavior Survey Teacher Scored Data DS85: Age 9 Conflict Problem-Solving Scale Scored Data DS86: Age 9 Dyadic Adjustment Scale Scored Data DS87: Age 9 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Scored Data DS88: Age 9 Ethnic Home Environment Inventory Videotaper Scored Data DS89: Age 9 Exposure to Violence Scored Data DS90: Age 9 Financial Stress Questionnaire Scored Data DS91: Age 9 General Life Satisfaction Scored Data DS92: Age 9 Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits Scored Data DS93: Age 9 Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure Scored Data DS94: Age 9 Microagression Raw Scored Data DS95: Age 9 Me and My Neighborhood Questionnaire Scored Data DS96: Age 9 Moffitt Scale Scored Data DS97: Age 9 Monitoring Questionnaire Scored Data DS98: Age 9 Parental Monitoring Interview Scored Data DS99: Age 9 Parenting Children and Adolescents Scored Data DS100: Age 9 Parenting Scale Scored Data DS101: Age 9 Parent Aftercare Survey Scored Data DS102: Age 9 Peer Acceptance and Social Affiliation Scored Data DS103: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist 6-18 Scored Data DS104: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist Child Coerce Scored Data DS105: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist Covert Scored Data DS106: Age 9 Parent Involvement in Neighborhood Experiences Scored Data DS107: Age 9 Parent Involvement Scale Scored Data DS108: Age 9 Parent Involvement Scale - Teacher Version Scored Data DS109: Age 9 Parent Rating of Peers and Social Skills Scored Data DS110: Age 9 Relational Aggression Scored Data DS111: Age 9 School Quality Survey Scored Data DS112: Age 9 Skills Checklist Scored Data DS113: Age 9 Self-Report of Deviance Scored Data DS114: Age 9 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Aftercare Scored Data DS115: Age 9 Student-Teacher Relationship Scale Teacher Scored Data DS116: Age 9 Substance Use Scored Data DS117: Age 9 Target Child Substance Scored Data DS118: Age 9 Child Behavior Checklist Scored Data DS119: Age 9 Inhibitory Control Scored Data DS120: Age 9 Teacher Social Skills Scored Data DS121: Age 9 Teacher Rating of Peers and Social Skills Scored Data DS122: Age 9 Early Adolescent Temperament-Revised Teacher Report Scored Data
description: The sample includes families enrolled in Women, Infants, and Children Nutritional Supplement (WIC) Programs at three jurisdictions in the US for which the target child needed to be between 2 and 3 years of age at the time of enrollment. Smallest Geographic Unit: City
description: coded on-site observation; coded video observation; cognitive assessment test; face-to-face interview; mail questionnaireFor additional information, please see the study website. A list of more than 80 published papers using the data set can be found here.