cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629361
title: A new Eocene Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from northwestern Argentina

description: A new species of Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata), <i>Pampahippus secundus</i> sp. nov., is described based on remains recovered from outcrops of the Lumbrera Formation exposed in Salta Province, northwest Argentina. The material studied consists of mandibular, maxillary, and premaxillary fragments with complete and incomplete teeth representing at least three individuals. It differs from the type species <i>P. arenalesi</i> by its smaller size and the presence of several dental features: I2 smaller than the I1 and I3, paraconule absent on the P3, upper molars wider than long and subquadrangular, with a single crista projecting from the ectoloph, strong mesiolingual cingulum surrounding the protocone on the M1, conspicuous metacone fold on the ectoloph of M1 and M2, and absence of labial cingulids on lower molars. In order to determine the phylogenetic position of <i>P. secundus</i> as well as different Paleogene notoungulates of northwestern Argentina, we performed a cladistic analysis. This analysis supports the paraphyly of Notohippidae proposed by previous authors and validates the monophyly of the genus <i>Pampahippus</i>, which ranks as a relatively basal taxon within Toxodontia. This contribution illustrates the significant and yet poorly known diversity of Paleogene toxodontians from northwestern Argentina and the importance of their study in the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of Notoungulata. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EF8DACB3-3F71-4515-B99B-157ABBBFE092 SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Deraco, V., and D. A. García-López. 2015. A new Eocene Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2015.1037884.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629361.v1
title: A new Eocene Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from northwestern Argentina

description: A new species of Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata), <i>Pampahippus secundus</i> sp. nov., is described based on remains recovered from outcrops of the Lumbrera Formation exposed in Salta Province, northwest Argentina. The material studied consists of mandibular, maxillary, and premaxillary fragments with complete and incomplete teeth representing at least three individuals. It differs from the type species <i>P. arenalesi</i> by its smaller size and the presence of several dental features: I2 smaller than the I1 and I3, paraconule absent on the P3, upper molars wider than long and subquadrangular, with a single crista projecting from the ectoloph, strong mesiolingual cingulum surrounding the protocone on the M1, conspicuous metacone fold on the ectoloph of M1 and M2, and absence of labial cingulids on lower molars. In order to determine the phylogenetic position of <i>P. secundus</i> as well as different Paleogene notoungulates of northwestern Argentina, we performed a cladistic analysis. This analysis supports the paraphyly of Notohippidae proposed by previous authors and validates the monophyly of the genus <i>Pampahippus</i>, which ranks as a relatively basal taxon within Toxodontia. This contribution illustrates the significant and yet poorly known diversity of Paleogene toxodontians from northwestern Argentina and the importance of their study in the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of Notoungulata. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EF8DACB3-3F71-4515-B99B-157ABBBFE092 SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Deraco, V., and D. A. García-López. 2015. A new Eocene Toxodontia (Mammalia, Notoungulata) from northwestern Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2015.1037884.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629362
title: <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene of Maragheh (northwestern iran)

description: A new genus and species of Rhinocerotidae, <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov., a new acerathere rhinocerotid from the early upper Miocene (ca. 9 Ma) locality of Kopran, Maragheh (northwestern Iran), is described. The new taxon can be clearly distinguished from the three species previously reported at Maragheh: <i>Iranotherium morgani</i>, <i>Ceratotherium neumayri</i>, and <i>Chilotherium persiae</i>. Moreover, <i>P. rodleri</i> can be distinguished from the latest middle and late Miocene elasmotheres, teleoceratins, and rhinoceroses recorded in Eurasia and Africa. The new taxon displays morphological characters close to Aceratheriini. However, the presence of plesiomorphic characters on the teeth (presence of P1, continuous lingual cingula on the premolars, labial cingula on the premolars, lingual cingula on the molars, weak protocone constriction on the molars, absence of crista and antecrochet on the molars), of peculiar morphological characters (e.g., lingual side of the protoloph and metaloph directed disto-lingually on P2 with the presence of a lingual groove on the hypocone), as well as some derived characters (e.g., short metaloph on the molars), enable its distinction from other Aceratheriini. A cladistic analysis shows that <i>P. rodleri</i> is the sister taxon to ‘<i>Aceratherium huadeensis</i>’. Though the latter displays more derived features than <i>P. rodleri</i>, their phylogenetic relationships allow inclusion of both species in the same new genus. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:05839162-082E-44F8-8388-53E56ABEBDC9 SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Pandolfi, L. 2015. <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene of Maragheh (northwestern Iran). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2015.1040118.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629362.v2
title: <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene of Maragheh (northwestern iran)

description: A new genus and species of Rhinocerotidae, <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov., a new acerathere rhinocerotid from the early upper Miocene (ca. 9 Ma) locality of Kopran, Maragheh (northwestern Iran), is described. The new taxon can be clearly distinguished from the three species previously reported at Maragheh: <i>Iranotherium morgani</i>, <i>Ceratotherium neumayri</i>, and <i>Chilotherium persiae</i>. Moreover, <i>P. rodleri</i> can be distinguished from the latest middle and late Miocene elasmotheres, teleoceratins, and rhinoceroses recorded in Eurasia and Africa. The new taxon displays morphological characters close to Aceratheriini. However, the presence of plesiomorphic characters on the teeth (presence of P1, continuous lingual cingula on the premolars, labial cingula on the premolars, lingual cingula on the molars, weak protocone constriction on the molars, absence of crista and antecrochet on the molars), of peculiar morphological characters (e.g., lingual side of the protoloph and metaloph directed disto-lingually on P2 with the presence of a lingual groove on the hypocone), as well as some derived characters (e.g., short metaloph on the molars), enable its distinction from other Aceratheriini. A cladistic analysis shows that <i>P. rodleri</i> is the sister taxon to ‘<i>Aceratherium huadeensis</i>’. Though the latter displays more derived features than <i>P. rodleri</i>, their phylogenetic relationships allow inclusion of both species in the same new genus. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:05839162-082E-44F8-8388-53E56ABEBDC9 SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Pandolfi, L. 2015. <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene of Maragheh (northwestern Iran). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2015.1040118.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629365
title: American option pricing by a method of error correction

description: The real options approach often assumes that investment projects last indefinitely, which is an unrealistic assumption. When projects live finitely, valuation techniques from American option pricing are required. This article presents a method for pricing American options based on the first-passage approach to the problem. The key is to correct the error associated with the price obtained from a rough first approximation. The procedure leads to a significant reduction in error corresponding to the initial approximation. As a particular case of the method proposed, we derive a closed-form approximation of the option price. The existence of a closed-form approximating formula (that does not involve iterative methods) keeps the computational cost low. In terms of accuracy, the method can be compared to much more sophisticated methods. A tight lower bound (given in closed form) is also provided. The method is fast, accurate, flexible, and easy to implement. A spreadsheet suffices for practical implementation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629365.v2
title: American option pricing by a method of error correction

description: The real options approach often assumes that investment projects last indefinitely, which is an unrealistic assumption. When projects live finitely, valuation techniques from American option pricing are required. This article presents a method for pricing American options based on the first-passage approach to the problem. The key is to correct the error associated with the price obtained from a rough first approximation. The procedure leads to a significant reduction in error corresponding to the initial approximation. As a particular case of the method proposed, we derive a closed-form approximation of the option price. The existence of a closed-form approximating formula (that does not involve iterative methods) keeps the computational cost low. In terms of accuracy, the method can be compared to much more sophisticated methods. A tight lower bound (given in closed form) is also provided. The method is fast, accurate, flexible, and easy to implement. A spreadsheet suffices for practical implementation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629365.v1
title: American option-pricing by a method of error correction

description: The real-options approach often assumes that investment projects last indefinitely, which is an unrealistic assumption. When projects live finitely, valuation techniques from American option pricing are required. This paper presents a method for pricing American options based on the first-passage approach to the problem. The key is to correct the error associated to the price obtained from a rough, first approximation. The procedure leads to a significant reduction of the error corresponding to the initial approximation. As a particular case of the method proposed, we derive a closed-form approximation of the option price. The existence of a closed-form approximating formula (which does not involve iterative methods) keeps the computational cost low. In terms of accuracy, the method can be compared to much more sophisticated methods. A tight lower bound (given in closed-form) is also provided. The method is fast, accurate, flexible, and easy to implement. A spreadsheet suffices for practical implementation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629362.v1
title: <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene of Maragheh (northwestern Iran)

description: ABSTRACTA new genus and species of Rhinocerotidae, <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov., a new acerathere rhinocerotid from the early upper Miocene (ca. 9 Ma) locality of Kopran, Maragheh (northwestern Iran), is described. The new taxon can be clearly distinguished from the three species previously reported at Maragheh: <i>Iranotherium morgani</i>, <i>Ceratotherium neumayri</i>, and <i>Chilotherium persiae</i>. Moreover, <i>P. rodleri</i> can be distinguished from the latest middle and late Miocene elasmotheres, teleoceratins, and rhinoceroses recorded in Eurasia and Africa. The new taxon displays morphological characters close to Aceratheriini. However, the presence of plesiomorphic characters on the teeth (presence of P1, continuous lingual cingula on the premolars, labial cingula on the premolars, lingual cingula on the molars, weak protocone constriction on the molars, absence of crista and antecrochet on the molars), of peculiar morphological characters (e.g., lingual side of the protoloph and metaloph directed disto-lingually on P2 with the presence of a lingual groove on the hypocone), as well as some derived characters (e.g., short metaloph on the molars), enable its distinction from other Aceratheriini. A cladistic analysis shows that <i>P. rodleri</i> is the sister taxon to ‘<i>Aceratherium huadeensis</i>’. Though the latter displays more derived features than <i>P. rodleri</i>, their phylogenetic relationships allow inclusion of both species in the same new genus.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:05839162-082E-44F8-8388-53E56ABEBDC9SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVPCitation for this article: Pandolfi, L. 2015. <i>Persiatherium rodleri</i>, gen. et sp. nov. (Mammalia, Rhinocerotidae) from the upper Miocene of Maragheh (northwestern Iran). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2015.1040118.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629357.v2
title: Fatty acid degradation plays an essential role in proliferation of mouse female primordial germ cells via the p53-dependent cell cycle regulation

description: Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are embryonic founders of germ cells that ultimately differentiate into oocytes and spermatogonia. Embryonic proliferation of PGCs starting from E11.5 ensures the presence of germ cells in adulthood, especially in female mammals whose total number of oocytes declines after this initial proliferation period. To better understand mechanisms underlying PGC proliferation in female mice, we constructed a proteome profile of female mouse gonads at E11.5. Subsequent KEGG pathway analysis of the 3,662 proteins profiled showed significant enrichment of pathways involved in fatty acid degradation. Further, the number of PGCs found in <i>in vitro</i> cultured fetal gonads significantly decreased with application of etomoxir, an inhibitor of the key rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid degradation carnitine acyltransferase I (CPT1). Decrease in PGCs was further determined to be the result of reduced proliferation rather than apoptosis. The inhibition of fatty acid degradation by etomoxir has the potential to activate the Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CamKII/5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway; while as an upstream activator, activated AMPK can function as activator of p53 to induce cell cycle arrest. Thus, we detected the expressional level of AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK (P-AMPK), phosphorylated p53 (P-p53) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) by Western blots, the results showed increased expression of them after treatment with etomoxir, suggested the activation of p53 pathway was the reason for reduced proliferation of PGCs. Finally, the involvement of p53-dependent G1 cell cycle arrest in defective proliferation of PGCs was verified by rescue experiments. Our results demonstrate that fatty acid degradation plays an important role in proliferation of female PGCs via the p53-dependent cell cycle regulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629353.v1
title: Cavity Evolution at Grain Boundaries as a Function of Radiation Damage and Thermal Conditions in Nanocrystalline Nickel

description: Enhanced radiation tolerance of nanostructured metals is attributed to the high density of interfaces that can absorb radiation-induced defects. Here, cavity evolution mechanisms during cascade damage, helium implantation, and annealing of nanocrystalline nickel are characterized via <i>in situ</i> transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Films subjected to self-ion irradiation followed by helium implantation developed evenly distributed cavity structures, whereas films exposed in the reversed order developed cavities preferentially distributed along grain boundaries. Post-irradiation annealing and orientation mapping demonstrated uniform cavity growth in the nanocrystalline structure, and cavities spanning multiple grains. These mechanisms suggest limited ability to reduce swelling, despite the stability of the nanostructure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629357.v1
title: Fatty acid degradation plays an essential role in proliferation of mouse female primordial germ cells via the p53-dependent cell cycle regulation

description: Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are embryonic founders of germ cells that ultimately differentiate into oocytes and spermatogonia. Embryonic proliferation of PGCs starting from E11.5 ensures the presence of germ cells in adulthood, especially in female mammals whose total number of oocytes declines after this initial proliferation period. To better understand mechanisms underlying PGC proliferation in female mice, we constructed a proteome profile of female mouse gonads at E11.5. Subsequent KEGG pathway analysis of the 3,662 proteins profiled showed significant enrichment of pathways involved in fatty acid degradation. Further, the number of PGCs found in <i>in vitro</i> cultured fetal gonads significantly decreased with application of etomoxir, an inhibitor of the key rate-limiting enzyme of fatty acid degradation carnitine acyltransferase I (CPT1). Decrease in PGCs was further determined to be the result of reduced proliferation rather than apoptosis. The inhibition of fatty acid degradation by etomoxir has the potential to activate the Ca<sup>2+</sup>/CamKII/5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway; while as an upstream activator, activated AMPK can function as activator of p53 to induce cell cycle arrest. Thus, we detected the expressional level of AMPK, phosphorylated AMPK (P-AMPK), phosphorylated p53 (P-p53) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) by Western blots, the results showed increased expression of them after treatment with etomoxir, suggested the activation of p53 pathway was the reason for reduced proliferation of PGCs. Finally, the involvement of p53-dependent G1 cell cycle arrest in defective proliferation of PGCs was verified by rescue experiments. Our results demonstrate that fatty acid degradation plays an important role in proliferation of female PGCs via the p53-dependent cell cycle regulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629350.v1
title: Ionic liquids versus ionic liquid-based surfactants in dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for determining copper in water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry

description: This work compares the performance of dispersive liquid–liquid method (DLLME) as a prior step for determining copper by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), when using the ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (C<sub>4</sub>MIm-PF<sub>6</sub>) or the IL-based surfactant 1-hexadecyl-3-butylimidazolium bromide (C<sub>16</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im-Br) as extractant solvents. For the water-insoluble C<sub>4</sub>MIm-PF<sub>6</sub>, the most conventional DLLME mode using acetonitrile as dispersive solvent was employed. For the water-soluble C<sub>16</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im-Br, the in situ DLLME mode with lithium bis[(trifluoromethane)sulfonyl]imide (Li-NTf<sub>2</sub>) as metathesis reagent was employed. In both approaches, some effective parameters such as volumes of extractant and dispersive solvents, concentration of complexing agent, pH of sample solution, salting-out effect and final diluting solvent to ensure compatibility with FAAS, were properly optimised. The optimum conditions for the IL-DLLME method using C<sub>4</sub>MIm-PF<sub>6</sub> were: 100 μL of neat C<sub>4</sub>MIm-PF<sub>6</sub>, 1 mL of acetonitrile, 10 mL of water, no control of pH for environmental waters, NaCl content of 23 g L<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>, diethyl dithiocarbamate (DDTC) as complexing agent at 10 mg L<sup>−1</sup> and final dilution of the micro-droplet with acetonitrile up to 70 µL. The optimum conditions for the in situ IL-DLLME method using C<sub>16</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im-Br were: 0.8 mL of acetonitrile, 10 mL of water containing C<sub>16</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im-Br at 25.2 mmol L<sup>−1</sup>, final dilution step of the micro-droplet with 200 µL of acetonitrile and remaining conditions as those of C<sub>4</sub>MIm-PF<sub>6</sub>. The analytical performance of both methods was similar, being slightly better for the IL-DLLME method using C<sub>4</sub>MIm-PF<sub>6</sub>, with limits of detection (LOD) of 3.3 µg L<sup>−1</sup> (versus 5.1 µg L<sup>−1</sup> when using C<sub>16</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im-Br), precision values as intraday relative standard deviation (RSD in %) lower than 8.8% (being of 10% for the C<sub>16</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im-Br method) and an enrichment factor of 54 (being 27 when using C<sub>16</sub>C<sub>4</sub>Im-Br). The DLLME-FAAS method with C<sub>4</sub>MIm-PF<sub>6</sub> was used in the analysis of environmental waters with successful performance, with relative recoveries of 110% and 105%, and interday precision with RSD values of 21% and 7.4% for spiked levels of 60 and 160 µg L<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The results obtained when analysing an urban wastewater sample coming from an inter-laboratory exercise was comparable to those obtained for other 93 laboratories. The method was also valid for the determination of Cu<sup>2+</sup> in presence of foreign ions commonly found in natural waters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629346.v1
title: Common gynecological challenges in adolescents with sickle cell disease

description: Sickle cell anemia is one of the most common genetic blood disorders worldwide. Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) experience clinical manifestations such as chronic anemia, developmental delay, vaso-occlusive pain, acute chest syndrome, and neurological complications. Adolescent girls with SCD face unique gynecological challenges including delayed puberty marked by a later onset in menarche, vaso-occlusive pain associated with their menstrual cycle, and underdiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding. This review focuses on these challenges with particular emphasis on delayed menarche and vaso-occlusive pain episodes associated with menstruation, in addition to the evaluation and initial management of heavy menstrual bleeding for adolescents with SCD. We highlight research opportunities in this neglected area to help enhance the comprehensive care model for this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1629348
title: The Local Brewery: A Project for Use in Differential Equations Courses

description: We describe a modeling project designed for an ordinary differential equations (ODEs) course using first-order and systems of first-order differential equations to model the fermentation process in beer. The project aims to expose the students to the modeling process by creating and solving a mathematical model and effectively communicating their findings in a technical report. The students are required to produce a simple first-order differential equation and find the solution, given varying initial conditions. The students are also required to analyze a more complex, nonlinear ODE system model of the fermentation process. In dealing with the nonlinear system of equations, we provide the students a <i>Mathematica</i> file to reduce the time spent developing the model, but allow for more time to interpret the model. We also share some perspectives on the implementation of the project, provide alternative implementations, and possible extensions to the project.