cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288280
title: Indicators of land use by cattle: associations among methods and role of environmental factors

description: ABSTRACT. The objectives of this study were to investigate the associations among direct and indirect indicators of land use by cattle and to understand the role of some environmental factors on the definition of these indicators. The study was carried out in two areas, Nature Reserve (63.6 ha) and Private Area (30.4 ha), with 53 Hereford animals in each area. Daytime observations of animals’ location were used as direct indicator of land use; while cattle track and dung pat distributions throughout the areas were used as indirect indicators. Environmental characteristics recorded were: terrain slope, prevalence of woody vegetation cover (forests, isolated tress and open grasslands), as well as the position of fences, water sources and salt blocks. Spatial correlations among the three indicators of land use were low (r &lt; 0.30). The environmental factors had lower predictive power of animals’ sightings distribution, followed by cattle tracks, and the highest predictive power occurred for dung pat distribution. We concluded that each one of the methods evaluated in this study addresses a different aspect of land use by cattle. The environmental factors assessed were useful to predict the dung pat distribution, but less valuable to predict the cattle tracks and animals’ sightings distributions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288277
title: Genetic analysis of fertility traits of Holstein dairy cattle in warm and temperate climate

description: ABSTRACT The edited data set for the estimation of heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations of fertility traits contained up to 23,402 records from 10,894 cows calved between 2001 and 2015. Heritability estimates for success in first service (FS), gestation length (GL), number of inseminations (NI), insemination outcome (IO), calving interval (CI), calving birth weight (CBW) and days open (DO) were low and ranged between 0.016 (DO) and 0.123 (GL). Repeatability of fertility traits was estimated to vary from 0.021 (FS) to 0.411 (IO). The genetic correlations between DO × CI, DO × NI and CI × NI were positive and nearly perfect (0.98, 0.88 and 0.88, respectively), while those between DO × IO and CI × IO were negative (-0.98 and -1, respectively). Further, the phenotypic correlations between DO × CI, DO × NI, CI × NI, CBW × IO and SF × IO were 0.99, 0.83, 0.83, 0.99 and 1, respectively, while those between DO × IO, CI × IO, GL × IO and NI × IO were -0.99, -0.99, -0.99 and -1, respectively. Overall genetic parameters imply a good practical management in heat stress conditions will be essential for improving fertility efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288276
title: Cuts of dairy-origin cattle fed mesquite pod meal in replacement of corn

description: ABSTRACT. This study was carried out in order to assess commercial front and rear cuts of dairy-origin cattle fed mesquite pod meal. Twenty-five non-castrated male bovines (Holstein-Zebu), distributed according to a completely randomized design, with five animals per treatment, were used. The feed contained about 121.2 and 544.98 g kg-1 of crude protein and total digestible nutrients, respectively, and was composed of tifton grass hay, cornmeal, soybean meal, mesquite pod meal and mineral salt. The right half carcass of each animal was separated between the 5th and 6th ribs, in front and rear quarters, from which commercial cuts were obtained. There was no effect (p &gt; 0.05) as to the replacement of corn for mesquite pod meal on the weights and yields of front cuts (shoulder, brisket, chuck, hump and flanks) and rear cuts (tenderloin, shank, knuckle, thin flank, flat, eye round, rump tail, top side, cap of rump, rump, cut of rump, striploin, cap of cube roll). Mesquite pod meal can substitute cornmeal in 100% in the concentrate without changes in weight and yield of the commercial front and rear cuts of male bovines of dairy origin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288275
title: Carcass yield and proximate composition of bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus)

description: ABSTRACT. This work evaluated five classes of weight of bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) seeking to define the ideal slaughter weight for the species. We used 79 bullfrogs, distributed in a completely randomized design (class 1 &lt; 100 g (n = 10); class 2 from 101 to 150 g (n = 17); class 3 from 151 to 200 g (n = 24); class 4 from 201 to 250 g (n = 14); and class 5 &gt;251 g (n = 14)), which were euthanized, weighted and gutted. For the carcass yield, we weighed the clean torso, thighs, liver, skin and head. The clean torso was subjected to chemical composition analysis. The carcass yield was, on average, 49% with no difference between weight classes (p &gt; 0.05). The yield of posterior thighs was significantly higher for the lower weight class, which also presented higher percentage of paws (28.37 ± 0.63 and 9.33 ± 0.21, respectively) (p &lt; 0.05). The percentages of visceral fat and skin showed a progressive increase along with the weight of the animals; the class with individuals weighing 201-250 grams showed the higher values (p &lt; 0.05). The chemical composition indicated that individuals above 251 grams showed lower values of ether extract and higher values of crude protein (0.99 ± 0.14 and 15.80 ± 0.64, respectively) (p &lt; 0.05). So, it is recommended the slaughter of bullfrogs weighing more than 201 grams, because of better yield and meat quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288273
title: Effects of supplementing broiler diets with a combination of fermented red ginseng marc powder and red-koji on thigh meat quality of broiler chick during storage

description: ABSTRACT We assessed the effects of supplementing broiler diets with a combination of fermented red ginseng marc powder and red-koji on thigh meat quality of broiler chick during storage. Broilers (n = 120) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: control or treatment with 1% fermented red ginseng marc combined with red-koji. There were four replicates per group, each comprising 15 birds (10 male and 5 female). Neither the dietary supplementation group nor the number of storage days had a significant (p &gt; 0.05) effect on meat pH. However, TBARS, a measure of lipid oxidation, was significantly affected (p &lt; 0.05) by both the number of storage days and the dietary supplementation, with reduced TBARS activity noted in the treatment group after 7 days of storage. There was no significant impact (p &gt; 0.05) on the lightness (L*) of meat in group after 1 and 7 day of storage (included T1 group), or redness (a*) of meat in group at 1 through 7 days of storage, whereas the yellowness (b*) of meat in both groups increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) with an increase in storage duration. Our results suggest that supplementing broiler diets with fermented red ginseng marc combined red-koji powder does not affect meat color, even after storage. We conclude that dietary supplementation with 1% fermented red ginseng powder combined with red-koji can reduce lipid oxidation in broiler thigh meat after 7 days of storage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288271
title: Silage quality of Urochloa brizantha cultivars with levels of campo grande Stylosanthes

description: ABSTRACT The seasonality of forage production represents a limiting factor in the production of ruminants. The use of silages has been a solution for periods of low forage production, providing high quality food. This study was conducted to evaluate the fermentative characteristics and the chemical composition of silage of Urochloa brizantha cultivars with different levels of Campo Grande Stylosanthes. It was used a complete randomized block design with three replications in a 2 x 4 factorial design, being two cultivars of Urochloa brizantha (BRS Piata palisadegrass and BRS Paiaguas palisadegrass) and four levels of Campo Grande Stylosanthes (0, 10, 20 and 30%). Silages of Urochloa brizantha with Campo Grande Stylosanthes exhibit satisfactory quality, on the basis of the characteristics evaluated, with no significant difference between cultivars. The mixed silage of Campo Grande Stylosanthes with grasses at 30% has proven to be an interesting option, thus promoting adequate fermentation and maintaining the nutritional quality of silage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288270
title: Varroa destructor mite in Africanized honeybee colonies Apis mellifera L. under royal jelly or honey production

description: This study evaluated the level of invasion of Varroa mite into worker brood cells, the infestation rate on adult worker honeybees, total and effective reproduction rates of the mite in Africanized honeybee colonies under royal jelly or honey production. Invasion and infestation rates were not statistically different between honeybee colonies producing honey or royal jelly and the averages for these parameters were 5.79 and 8.54%, respectively. Colonies producing honey presented a higher (p &lt; 0.05) total and effective reproduction of Varroathan colonies producing royal jelly. There was a negative correlation between levels of invasion and infestation with minimum external temperature, relative humidity and rainfall. The variables month and season influenced the development of the mite, but rates were low and within the range normally found in Brazil for Africanized honeybee colonies, which confirm the greater resistance of these honeybees to Varroa destructor than European honeybees.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288267
title: Induced reproduction of dourado ( Salminus brasiliensis ): fertilization with sperm cryopreserved in ACP (r) -104

description: ABSTRACT. Experiments were conducted to improve the fertilization rate of cryopreserved semen of dourado, Salminus brasiliensis. The experiment tested two cryoprotectant solutions at different semen: cryoprotectant ratios (1:5, 1:15, 1:25 and 1:50). The standard solution for the species (mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide, glucose, egg yolk and distilled water) was compared to a 350 mOsm ACP(r)-104 solution, which is composed of powdered coconut water diluted in distilled water and methylglycol. Differences between the dilutions tested were significant only for ACP(r). The fertilization potential by using the standard solution at the lowest dilution (1:5) is equated when the sperm is diluted in ACP(r) at 1:25 or 1:50. These results show that the standard solution is the most suitable for the cryopreservation of dourado sperm, since the dilution did not alter the fertilization rate, requiring smaller storage space.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288266
title: Effect of feeding canola meal to laying Japanese quails

description: This study evaluated the effect of different levels of canola meal in the diet to laying Japanese quails on productive performance, egg quality and economic viability. A total of 120 80-day-old Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) with average weight 146.54 ± 12 g were evaluated during 84 days. Dietary treatments consisted of the replacement of soybean meal with canola meal at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50%. We evaluated economic viability, productive performance, internal and external quality of eggs. Data were analyzed by polynomial regression at 5%. Body weight decreased linearly as the level of canola meal increased (p = 0.0055). Egg weight (p = 0.0032) and diameter (p = 0.0398) showed a quadratic response, increasing up to 30% substitution with subsequent reduction. Yolk color increased linearly as the level of canola meal increased (p = 0.0039). Canola meal can substitute soybean meal up to 30% without impairing productive performance, egg quality and diet cost.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288265
title: Determining a model to estimate leaf area in Pornunça (Manihot sp.) using morphometric measures

description: ABSTRACT. Pornunça is a species of the genus Manihot that has been cultivated as an option for animal feeding in the Brazilian semi-arid. Leaf area (LA) is important to determine forage plant growth, whose evaluation model has to meet the following characteristics: practicality, precision and low cost. The objective of this study was to set a model to determine the leaf area in Pornunça (Manihot sp.) from morphometric measurements of the leaf. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with three methods for determination of leaf area, and three blocks, with 144 replicates (leaves). For the determination of LA, the direct method (FAReal), treadmill leaf area meter (Li-Color 3100©) and linear dimensions were used. Data were subjected to regression analysis. There was a relationship between the actual leaf area (FAReal) for small, medium, large and total leaves, and the leaf area determined by the treadmill leaf area meter (FALi-Cor©) with a high coefficient of determination for linear fit. The Pornunça leaf area obtained by the Li-Cor3100© meter is approximately 10% lower compared to the FAReal method. The model that best fit the Ponunça leaf area estimation was the potential.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288264
title: Nutritive value of pastures of Cynodon mixed with forage peanut in southwestern Paraná State

description: This study evaluated the nutritive value of pastures of Coastcross-1 and Tifton 85 mixed with increasing inclusion of forage peanut (0, 25, 50, 75% occupancy area), subjected to cuts, over two study years in Southwestern Paraná State. The experimental design was factorial (three factors) distributed in randomized block. The factors were cultivars (2), the occupancy area of forage peanut (4) and seasons of cuts (5), with three replications. It was evaluated the percentage of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and in vitro digestibility of dry matter of leaf blades, stem + sheath of grasses and available forage mass of pastures. Values of crude protein ranged from 17.0 to 20.4% and from 16.8 to 19.3% for the forage mass available of Coastcross-1 and Tifton 85, respectively. Higher digestibility values were found at the beginning of evaluations. On average, the Coastcross-1 showed better nutritive value compared to Tifton 85, and, the inclusion of forage peanut increased crude protein content in leaf blades of grasses studied, in the second year after planted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288261
title: Aerobic stability in corn silage (Zea mays L.) ensiled with different microbial additives

description: ABSTRACT. This study aimed to assess different microbial additives, regarding the efficiency of aerobic stability in corn silages. The corn hybrid used for silages production was the DKB 310. The treatments consisted of: 1) control treatment without any microbial additive; 2) Treatment with LPPA composed of: Lactobacillus plantarum CCT 0580 3.1 x 1010 CFU g-1 and Propionibacterium acidipropionici CCT 4843 3.1 x 1010 CFU g-1; 3) Treatment with Inoculum, composed of Bacillus subtilis CCT 0089 3.0 x 109 CFU g-1, Lactobacillus plantarum CCT 0580 1.2 x 1010 CFU g-1 and Propionibacterium acidipropionici CCT 4843 1.5 x 1010 CFU g-1 and 4) Treatment LB, composed only of Lactobacillus buchneri CCT 3746 2.6 x 1010 CFU g-1. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates for each treatment. For the parameters evaluated daily, we used the split plot design, in which the different silages were assigned to the plots and the time of exposure to air was assigned to the subplots. There was no difference of additives on silage pH in any of the evaluation days. The control silage reached higher temperatures indicating greater vulnerability. All additives had no aerobic instability. Silages made with the use of microbial additives were effective in maintaining the aerobic stability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288259
title: Performance in preweaning pure and crossbred calves in the Mato Grosso do Sul Pantanal region, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT. Purebred and crossbred calves (n = 3,871) were selected that were born in the sub-region of the Pantanal of Aquidauana (Brazil), derived from Nellore, Brangus, Wagyu, and 1/2 Brangus + 1/2 Nellore cows, which were artificially inseminated by bulls of the Aberdeen Angus, Red Angus, Brangus, Nellore, and Wagyubreeds. Parameters such as weaning weight, daily gain from birth to weaning, and the number of days to gain 160 kg, were assessed inthese calves and phenotypic correlations between the traits were evaluated. Data were analyzed using two statistical models. The first model included sire breed effects, the genetic group of the cow, sex, year of birth (AN), birth season (EN), and the interaction AN * EN. The second model included the genetic group of the calf, sex, AN, EN, and the interaction AN * EN. The genetic group of the cow and calf and the interaction AN * EN did not significantly affect body weight (p &lt; 0.05). The average weaning weights of progeny were as follows: Aberdeen Angus bulls, 177.70 ± 3.28 kg; Red Angus, 180.31 ± 3.46 kg; Brangus, 181.48 ± 3.15 kg; Nellore, 175.43 ± 3.60 kg; and Wagyu, 173.16 ± 2.96 kg.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288257
title: Effect of rib fat thickness on the quality of aged meat from Nellore young bulls

description: This trial aimed to evaluate the quality of aged beef from Nellore young bulls under two yield grade (YG). Fourteen animals with approximately 450 ± 30 kg body weight were evaluated for backfat thickness (BFT) at the beginning of the experimental period. Seven animals had BFT of 0-3 mm and seven animals, 3.1-6 mm. Two groups were formed at the end of the experiment: animals finished with 3-6 mm BFT (seven animals) and animals finished with 6.1 to 10 mm BFT (seven animals). Every 28 days, we evaluated by ultrasound the BFT between the 12nd 13rd ribs. There was no interaction between YG and aging for beef color, pH, cooking losses and shear force (p &gt; 0.05). There was no effect of YG on sarcomere length (p = 0.11). However, there was interaction between YG and aging on water holding capacity (p &lt; 0.01). The yield grades evaluated did not interfere with meat quality, but carcasses with 6.1 - 10 mm of backfat thickness showed highest water holding capacity. The aging of the longissimus muscle for up to 14 days improves beef tenderness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288255
title: Reproduction performance of female Nile tilapia under different environments and age classes

description: Current assay verifies the reproductive performance of females of Nile tilapia in different age classes and reproductive environments. Four hundred and fifty-one females were evaluated in two different Brazilian environments, namely in Maringá, Paraná State, Brazil (Site 1 - hapas of 10 m3 and Site 2 - hapas of 1 m3) and in one environment in Alfenas, Minas Gerais State, Brazil (Site 3 - hapas of 14 and 28 m3). The females were divided into three age classes, corresponding to animals under one year (age 1); between one to two years (age 2); and over three years old (age 3). Spawning was verified once a week, from October 2012 to March 2013, corresponding to a 23-week assessment. The statistical analyses were performed with Proc Genmod from the statistical program SAS. Site 2 had the lowest results when compared to the other sites for multiple spawning, spawning frequency and volume of eggs/female for animals of age 2. Statistical differences were not detected between ages 1 and 2 for the same assessment site, although females at age 3 in Site 3 provided higher results than those at age 2. Results show that, precluding the use of animals in individual hapas (1 m³) and maintaining older females in the stock, may improve reproduction results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288253
title: Comparison of whole genome prediction accuracy across generations using parametric and semi parametric methods

description: ABSTRACT. Accuracy of genomic prediction was compared using three parametric and semi parametric methods, including BayesA, Bayesian LASSO and Reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces regression under various levels of heritability (0.15, 0.3 and 0.45), different number of markers (500, 750 and 1000) and generation intervals of validating set. A historical population of 1000 individuals with equal sex ratio was simulated for 100 generations at constant size. It followed by 100 extra generations of gradually reducing size down to 500 individuals in generation 200. Individuals of generation 200 were mated randomly for 10 more generations applying litter size of 5 to expand the historical generation. Finally, 50 males and 500 females chosen from generation 210 were randomly mated to generate 10 more generations of recent population. Individuals born in generation 211 considered as the training set while the validation set was composed of individuals either from generations 213, 215 or 217. The genome comprised one chromosome of 100 cM length carrying 50 QTLs. There was no significant difference between accuracy of investigated methods (p &gt; 0.05) but among three methods, the highest mean accuracy (0.659) was observed for BayesA. By increasing the heritability, the average genomic accuracy increased from 0.53 to 0.75 (p &lt; 0.05). The number of SNPs affected the accuracy and accuracies increased as number of SNPs increased; therefore, the highest accuracy was for the case number of SNPs=1000. With getting away from validating set, the accuracies decreased and the most severe decay observed in the case of low heritability. Decreasing the accuracy across generations affected by marker density but was independent from investigated methods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288252
title: Tilapia by-product hydrolysate powder in diets for Nile tilapia larvae

description: ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evaluate the digestibility of tilapia by-product protein hydrolysate powder (TBHP) from tilapia filleting by-product, and its inclusion in diets for Nile tilapia larvae. In order to determine the apparent digestibility coefficients, two diets were formulated, the reference diet and the test diet (20% of TBHP) and, to evaluate the inclusion, six diets were formulated, which were with 0.0, 2.0; 4.0; 6.0, and 8.0% of TBHP. The apparent digestibility coefficients of crude protein and gross energy were 89.5 and 98.3%, respectively. At levels above 4.0% of inclusion of TBHP, the weight, final length and weight gain were impaired, however, survival rate was higher (p &lt; 0.05). The TBHP can be used in diets for tilapia due to the high digestibility coefficients for crude protein and gross energy. The inclusion of up to 4.0% of TBHP does not affect the reproductive performance and survival rate of Nile tilapia larvae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288249
title: Concentrate levels of crossbred bulls slaughtered at 16 or 22 months: performance and carcass characteristics

description: This study was performed to assess the animal performance of 97 bulls, 1/2 Purunã vs. 1/2 Canchim, that were slaughtered at 16 (16M) or 22 (22M) months with three concentrate levels (0.8, 1.2, and 1.6%) of body weight (BW). The initial body weight was lower for the 16M bulls. The final body weight and hot carcass weights were similar between the two slaughter ages. The hot carcass dressing was higher for 22M bulls. The average daily gain was higher for 16M bulls. The feed intake and dry matter feed conversion were similar between 16 and 22M bulls. The carcass length, marbling, and bone percentage were lower for 16M bulls. However, the Longissimus dorsi muscle area was higher for 16M bulls. The leg length, cushion thickness, fat thickness, conformation, colour, texture, muscle percent, and fat percent were similar between 16 and 22M bulls. The final and hot carcass weights were lower for bulls that were fed with 0.8% of BW. The carcass dressing was similar for the three concentrate levels. The average daily gain was higher for bulls that were fed with 1.6% of BW of concentrate and lower for those that were fed with 0.8%. The concentrate levels had no effect on carcass characteristics, feed intake, and dry matter conversion.