cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2011wxfs
title: GEOFON event gfz2011wxfs (Central Bolivia; Magnitude 6.5)

description: Earthquake, 2011-11-22 18:48:15, Central Bolivia
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2011xklk
title: GEOFON event gfz2011xklk (Luzon, Philippines; Magnitude 6.0)

description: Earthquake, 2011-11-30 00:27:08, Luzon, Philippines
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2011ykjq
title: GEOFON event gfz2011ykjq (Eastern New Guinea Reg., P.N.G.; Magnitude 7.1)

description: Earthquake, 2011-12-14 05:04:58, Eastern New Guinea Reg., P.N.G.
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012baqc
title: GEOFON event gfz2012baqc (South Shetland Islands; Magnitude 6.5)

description: Earthquake, 2012-01-15 13:40:20, South Shetland Islands
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012dyuq
title: GEOFON event gfz2012dyuq (Southwestern Siberia, Russia; Magnitude 6.5)

description: Earthquake, 2012-02-26 06:17:20, Southwestern Siberia, Russia
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012gnld
title: GEOFON event gfz2012gnld (Near Coast of Guerrero, Mexico; Magnitude 6.0)

description: Earthquake, 2012-04-02 17:36:42, Near Coast of Guerrero, Mexico
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012guqm
title: GEOFON event gfz2012guqm (New Ireland Region, P.N.G.; Magnitude 6.1)

description: Earthquake, 2012-04-06 16:15:59, New Ireland Region, P.N.G.
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012hdex
title: GEOFON event gfz2012hdex (Off West Coast of Northern Sumatra; Magnitude 8.7)

description: Earthquake, 2012-04-11 08:38:35, Off West Coast of Northern Sumatra
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012hdja
title: GEOFON event gfz2012hdja (Off West Coast of Northern Sumatra; Magnitude 8.2)

description: Earthquake, 2012-04-11 10:43:09, Off West Coast of Northern Sumatra
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012hehe
title: GEOFON event gfz2012hehe (Michoacan, Mexico; Magnitude 6.6)

description: Earthquake, 2012-04-11 22:55:09, Michoacan, Mexico
DOI: 10.5880/geofon.gfz2012hexs
title: GEOFON event gfz2012hexs (Baja California, Mexico; Magnitude 7.0)

description: Earthquake, 2012-04-12 07:15:49, Baja California, Mexico
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1273
title: XRD of Cores of the KTB Pilot Hole VB1a

description: The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1145
title: Wet bulk density (GRAPE) of pilot core CONT01-604-3a to piston core CON01-604-3 at Posolskoe

description: Wet bulk density (GRAPE) of pilot core CONT01-604-3a to piston core CON01-604-3 at Posolskoe
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1274
title: XRD of Cores of the KTB Main Hole HB1

description: The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1401
title: Thermal Conductivity of Cuttings of the KTB Main Hole HB1a (transformed data)

description: In the KTB field laboratory, thermal conductivity was measured on cuttings material in depth intervals of 10 m and on available drill core material. The results on drill cores give anisotropy information. In general, the maximum thermal conductivity is measured parallel to the strike of foliation and the minimum thermal conductivity perpendicular to that direction. Approximately 250 g of cuttings of the fraction &lt; 2 mm grain are mixed with water. This mixture of cuttings and water is measured (for more details see Pribnow et al. 1992 or Pribnow 1994). This measurement yields the geometric mean of the thermal conductivities in a two-phase mixture model.
By measuring the weights of the dry cuttings and the mixture of cuttings and water, PHI is determined knowing the density of the cuttings and water (PHI = 32 %). Usually, the arithmetic mean value from 7 repeating measurements is used.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1374
title: Magnetic Susceptibility of Cores of the KTB Pilot Hole VB1a

description: The magnetic susceptibility is measured by an inductive AC device (BARTINGTON). The sample is placed inside a coil which generates an alternating magnetic field. The applied frequency is 460 Hz (cuttings, 25.4 mm mini cores), 565 Hz (cores) or 1470 Hz (15 mm mini cores) respectively. A shift in the oscillator frequency is a measure for the magnetic susceptibility of the sample. The applied magnetic field strength is 80 A/m (RMS) and appr. 2 times the total earth magnetic field strength in the KTB area (=38 A/m). The measurement field is lower than the field which is necessary for magnetic saturation and allows therefore to measure the initial susceptibility. The used sensors are insensitive to the electrical conductivity of the samples. Except the determination of the temperature dependent susceptibility, all measurements are done under surface conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure).
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1405
title: Thermal Conductivity of Cuttings of the KTB Main Hole HB1i (transformed data)

description: In the KTB field laboratory, thermal conductivity was measured on cuttings material in depth intervals of 10 m and on available drill core material. The results on drill cores give anisotropy information. In general, the maximum thermal conductivity is measured parallel to the strike of foliation and the minimum thermal conductivity perpendicular to that direction. Approximately 250 g of cuttings of the fraction &lt; 2 mm grain are mixed with water. This mixture of cuttings and water is measured (for more details see Pribnow et al. 1992 or Pribnow 1994). This measurement yields the geometric mean of the thermal conductivities in a two-phase mixture model.
By measuring the weights of the dry cuttings and the mixture of cuttings and water, PHI is determined knowing the density of the cuttings and water (PHI = 32 %). Usually, the arithmetic mean value from 7 repeating measurements is used.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1317
title: Natural Gamma-ray Activity of Cuttings of the KTB Pilot Hole VB1b

description: In the laboratory, the gamma radiation is measured by a sodium iodtite (NaI) scintillation detector (cores and cuttings) and by a germanium (Ge) semiconductor detector (cuttings).
The cuttings are measured in air tight Marinelli-beakers with a volume of 250 cm3. For the core measurements a special, automatically operating equipment with three NaI detectors is used. A description of this apparatus is given in Wienand et al. (1989). The principle of measurements with the Ge-detector is described by Bücker et al. (1991).The measured spectra are calibrated by a standard of Luvarovite (NIM-L, South African Bureau of Standards). The influence of the local terrestrial radiation on the measurements has been corrected. Especially for the core measurements a calibration procedure has been performed for geometric corrections (core diameter and length). In general, a measuring time of 12 h for the NaI-detector and 2 h for the Ge-detector was chosen.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1331
title: Natural Gamma-ray Activity of Cuttings of the KTB Main Hole HB1g (measurements with Germanium detector only)

description: In the laboratory, the gamma radiation is measured by a sodium iodtite (NaI) scintillation detector (cores and cuttings) and by a germanium (Ge) semiconductor detector (cuttings).The cuttings are measured in air tight Marinelli-beakers with a volume of 250 cm3. For the core measurements a special, automatically operating equipment with three NaI detectors is used. A description of this apparatus is given in Wienand et al. (1989). The principle of measurements with the Ge-detector is described by Bücker et al. (1991). The measured spectra are calibrated by a standard of Luvarovite (NIM-L, South African Bureau of Standards). The influence of the local terrestrial radiation on the measurements has been corrected. Especially for the core measurements a calibration procedure has been performed for geometric corrections (core diameter and length). In general, a measuring time of 12 h for the NaI-detector and 2 h for the Ge-detector was chosen.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1426
title: Gas chromatography of gas samples of the KTB main hole HB1g

description: The main objective of this drilling fluid analysis was the detection of inflows of formation fluids. Therefore different gases dissolved in the drilling mud were measured continuously and automatically at drill site with three different methodes (Fig.: KTB-Report 92-2 page C13). The operation principles of the mass spectrometer and the gaschromatograph have been explained by STROH et al. (1988) and FIGGEMEIER et al. (1991). The principle of radon determination is published by ERZINGER et al. (1992).
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1157
title: Raw pollen data from kasten core CON01-603-5 part1 (counts)

description: Sediment slices of 0.5 cm thickness were obtained from gravity core segments and of 1 cm thickness from the Vydrino piston core. Volumetric subsamples of 5 cm3 (10 cm3 in case of the lowermost samples from Continent core) were prepared according to standard procedures, including 7-μm ultrasonic fine-sieving (Cwynar et al., 1979, Fægri et al., 1989 K. Fægri, P.E. Kaland and K. Krzywinski, Textbook of Pollen Analysis (4th edition), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (1989) 328 pp..Fægri et al., 1989 and PALE Steering Committee, 1994). Two tablets of Lycopodium marker spores were added to each sample for calculating total pollen and spore concentrations (Stockmarr, 1971). Water-free glycerol was used for storage and preparation of microscopic slides. The palynological samples were counted at magnifications of 400–600×, applying 1000× for the identification of difficult pollen types, e.g., including Saxifragaceae, Crassulaceae, and Rosaceae.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1362
title: Porosity of Mini Cores (Plugs) of the KTB Main Hole HB1i

description: Therefore, at room temperature and under vacuum the samples were submerged in destilled water for at least 24 hours. Afterwards atmospheric pressure was applied for at least 24 hours to let the water invade into the sample. The sample was taken from the water and the fluid film on the sample surface was removed.
 (3) At least, the saturated samples were submerged again in destilled water and the third measurement was done. An apparent mass due to buoyancy was determined.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1351
title: Permeability of Mini Cores of the KTB Pilot Hole VB1a: Instationary Measurements

description: In the KTB field laboratory, porosity, internal surface and permeability were determined on identical mini cores with 25.4 mm in diameter and approximately 50 mm in length. These samples were drilled either axial or radial with respect to the drill core, or parallel or perpendicular with respect to the foliation. In the KTB field laboratory, the stationary sArcy method was used with nitrogen gas as the streaming medium. The measurements were made at a constant confining pressure of 5 MPa to 6.5 MPa. The nitrogen pressure gradient was up to 2 MPa at the inflow side minus atmospheric pressure at the outflow side of the sample. Because of the low pore pressures during the measurements (max 2 MPa) the data had to be corrected for the effect of gas friction along the matrix wall, the so called Klinkenberg effect (Huenges et al. 1990). Further details, regarding equipment and evaluation are given by Pusch et al. (1986).
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1244
title: Geochemical Analysis of Cations of Mud Samples of the KTB Main Hole HB1d.

description: Geochemical Analysis of Cations of Mud Samples of the KTB Main Hole HB1d.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1299
title: Electrical Resistivity of Cores of the KTB Pilot Hole HB1g

description: In general, four-electrode devices are used to measure the resistivity on original (unprepared) cores and on mini cores drilled from these original cores. The in-phase and the out-of-phase signal is measured and therefore the complex resistivity is determined. All measurements are performed under surface conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure). Four point like electrodes are situated at the core surface along a semicircle in a plane perpendicular to the core axis. The two current electrodes are opposite to each other. The electrodes are in contact to the sample by a porous plastic material soaked with 0.1 molar NaCl solution. Voltage and current is measured by a lock-in-amplifier at 120 Hz frequency. Due to high contact resistances, only the magnitude of complex resistivity is used. By computer controlled rotating of the core and moving of the electrode arrangement along the cores z axis, resistivity as a function of azimuth and length is measured.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1377
title: Magnetic Susceptibility of Cores of the KTB Main Hole HB1g

description: The magnetic susceptibility is measured by an inductive AC device (BARTINGTON). The sample is placed inside a coil which generates an alternating magnetic field. The applied frequency is 460 Hz (cuttings, 25.4 mm mini cores), 565 Hz (cores) or 1470 Hz (15 mm mini cores) respectively. A shift in the oscillator frequency is a measure for the magnetic susceptibility of the sample. The applied magnetic field strength is 80 A/m (RMS) and appr. 2 times the total earth magnetic field strength in the KTB area (=38 A/m). The measurement field is lower than the field which is necessary for magnetic saturation and allows therefore to measure the initial susceptibility. The used sensors are insensitive to the electrical conductivity of the samples. Except the determination of the temperature dependent susceptibility, all measurements are done under surface conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure).
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1227
title: XRF of Cores of the KTB Main Hole KTB-HB1.

description: Cuttings were crushed in a tungsten carbide ball mill for 25 min; while core samples were crushed in a tungsten carbide jaw breaker and then processed in the same way as the chip material. The resulting powder samples (max 0.06 mm size) were dried at 105°C, 3 gr selected and mixed with 2.5% Moviol solution and finally pressed under 40 kN into alumina rings. These standardized pellets were used for both, XRD and XRF measurements.For the determination of major and trace elements a fully automated wavelenght-dispersive XRF device (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) was used in the field laboratory. The standard measuring operation comprised 11 major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 total, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) and 12 traces (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ni, Zn, V, Cu, Th, U).Element concentrations were calculated by setting up calibration curves computed with more than 40 international natural rock standards.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1337
title: Natural Gamma-ray Activity of Cores of the KTB Pilot Hole VB1

description: In the laboratory, the gamma radiation is measured by a sodium iodtite (NaI) scintillation detector (cores and cuttings) and by a germanium (Ge) semiconductor detector (cuttings).
The cuttings are measured in air tight Marinelli-beakers with a volume of 250 cm3. For the core measurements a special, automatically operating equipment with three NaI detectors is used. A description of this apparatus is given in Wienand et al. (1989). The principle of measurements with the Ge-detector is described by Bücker et al. (1991).The measured spectra are calibrated by a standard of Luvarovite (NIM-L, South African Bureau of Standards). The influence of the local terrestrial radiation on the measurements has been corrected. Especially for the core measurements a calibration procedure has been performed for geometric corrections (core diameter and length). In general, a measuring time of 12 h for the NaI-detector and 2 h for the Ge-detector was chosen.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1222
title: XRF of Cuttings of the KTB Main Hole HB1a.

description: Cuttings were crushed in a tungsten carbide ball mill for 25 min; while core samples were crushed in a tungsten carbide jaw breaker and then processed in the same way as the chip material. The resulting powder samples (max 0.06 mm size) were dried at 105°C, 3 gr selected and mixed with 2.5% Moviol solution and finally pressed under 40 kN into alumina rings. These standardized pellets were used for both, XRD and XRF measurements. For the determination of major and trace elements a fully automated wavelenght-dispersive XRF device (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) was used in the field laboratory. The standard measuring operation comprised 11 major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 total, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) and 12 traces (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ni, Zn, V, Cu, Th, U). Element concentrations were calculated by setting up calibration curves computed with more than 40 international natural rock standards.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1268
title: XRD of Cuttings of the KTB Pilot Hole HB1d

description: The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1162
title: Raw pollen data from kasten core CON01-605-5 (Vydrino)

description: Sediment slices of 0.5 cm thickness were obtained from gravity core segments and of 1 cm thickness from the Vydrino piston core. Volumetric subsamples of 5 cm3 (10 cm3 in case of the lowermost samples from Continent core) were prepared according to standard procedures, including 7-μm ultrasonic fine-sieving (Cwynar et al., 1979, Fægri et al., 1989 K. Fægri, P.E. Kaland and K. Krzywinski, Textbook of Pollen Analysis (4th edition), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester (1989) 328 pp..Fægri et al., 1989 and PALE Steering Committee, 1994). Two tablets of Lycopodium marker spores were added to each sample for calculating total pollen and spore concentrations (Stockmarr, 1971). Water-free glycerol was used for storage and preparation of microscopic slides. The palynological samples were counted at magnifications of 400–600×, applying 1000× for the identification of difficult pollen types, e.g., including Saxifragaceae, Crassulaceae, and Rosaceae.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1334
title: Natural Gamma-ray Activity of Cuttings of the KTB Main Hole HB1 (measurements with NaI-detector only)

description: In the laboratory, the gamma radiation is measured by a sodium iodtite (NaI) scintillation detector (cores and cuttings) and by a germanium (Ge) semiconductor detector (cuttings).The cuttings are measured in air tight Marinelli-beakers with a volume of 250 cm3. For the core measurements a special, automatically operating equipment with three NaI detectors is used. A description of this apparatus is given in Wienand et al. (1989). The principle of measurements with the Ge-detector is described by Bücker et al. (1991). The measured spectra are calibrated by a standard of Luvarovite (NIM-L, South African Bureau of Standards). The influence of the local terrestrial radiation on the measurements has been corrected. Especially for the core measurements a calibration procedure has been performed for geometric corrections (core diameter and length). In general, a measuring time of 12 h for the NaI-detector and 2 h for the Ge-detector was chosen.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1298
title: Electrical Resistivity of Cores of the KTB Pilot Hole HB1a

description: In general, four-electrode devices are used to measure the resistivity on original (unprepared) cores and on mini cores drilled from these original cores. The in-phase and the out-of-phase signal is measured and therefore the complex resistivity is determined. All measurements are performed under surface conditions (room temperature and atmospheric pressure). Four point like electrodes are situated at the core surface along a semicircle in a plane perpendicular to the core axis. The two current electrodes are opposite to each other. The electrodes are in contact to the sample by a porous plastic material soaked with 0.1 molar NaCl solution. Voltage and current is measured by a lock-in-amplifier at 120 Hz frequency. Due to high contact resistances, only the magnitude of complex resistivity is used. By computer controlled rotating of the core and moving of the electrode arrangement along the cores z axis, resistivity as a function of azimuth and length is measured.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1229
title: XRF of Cores of the KTB Main Hole HB1d.

description: Cuttings were crushed in a tungsten carbide ball mill for 25 min; while core samples were crushed in a tungsten carbide jaw breaker and then processed in the same way as the chip material. The resulting powder samples (max 0.06 mm size) were dried at 105°C, 3 gr selected and mixed with 2.5% Moviol solution and finally pressed under 40 kN into alumina rings. These standardized pellets were used for both, XRD and XRF measurements.For the determination of major and trace elements a fully automated wavelenght-dispersive XRF device (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) was used in the field laboratory. The standard measuring operation comprised 11 major elements (SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3 total, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, S) and 12 traces (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cr, Ni, Zn, V, Cu, Th, U).Element concentrations were calculated by setting up calibration curves computed with more than 40 international natural rock standards.
DOI: 10.1594/gfz.sddb.1269
title: XRD of Cuttings of the KTB Pilot Hole HB1g

description: The qualitative and quantitative phase analyses were performed in the KTB field laboratory by x-ray powder diffraction using SIEMENS D 500 diffractometer. During early stages of the KTB project a new method for quantitative phase analysis was developed (see references below). The method is based on the comparison of the diffraction spectrum of the unknown sample with those of pure minerals. The powder diffraction data of the minerals are stored in a database built up of 250 natural minerals separated from various types of igneous and metamorphic rocks. The complete analyses (radiation: Cu K alpha, lambda: 1,5405Å, stepwidth: 0,01°, counting time 2 sec/step, angle 2-80°) was carried out automatically including computations. The results of this quantitative phase analysis were used e.g. to check thin section petrography (and vice versa) and to construct a \"mineralogical rock composition log\".