cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b8gtht78v
title: Global mycorrhizal fungal range sizes vary within and among mycorrhizal guilds but are not correlated with dispersal traits

description: Aim: Mycorrhizal fungi associate with the majority of plant
 species with large consequences on ecosystem nutrient, carbon, and water
 cycling. Two main types of mycorrhizal fungi,
 arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and ectomycorrhizal
 (EM) fungi, dominate terrestrial ecosystems.
 Most global distribution modeling of AM and
 EM mycorrhizal associations describe the distribution of
 AM and EM plants, and not fungi directly. However,
 significant functional trait variation occurs within AM
 and EM fungal guilds. Therefore,
 modeling range sizes and determinants of these
 ranges of fungi directly is likely to be a better proxy of ecosystem
 function than guild-level lumping of AM and EM plant distributions.
 Location: Global Taxa: Arbuscular mycorrhizal and
 ectomycorrhizal fungi Methods: Here, I calculated the ranges of 164 AM and
 67 EM fungal taxa at the global scale
 and related range sizes to differences in
 spore sizes as a proxy
 of dispersal potential.
 If dispersal limitation
 affects range sizes, I expected that EM fungi with
 smaller spores would have larger ranges than AM fungi with larger spores.
 If spore size was not related
 to range size, this would indicate factors other than
 passive dispersal control global mycorrhizal fungal ranges. Results: Overall, AM fungal taxa had larger ranges than EM fungal taxa. AM fungi also had larger spore sizes than EM fungi. Range sizes within both AM and EM fungal taxa were phylogenetically conserved; closely related AM and EM fungi has similar range sizes. Closely related EM fungi also had similar spore sizes. However, spore size was not related to range size for either mycorrhizal guild after phylogenetic correction, except for EM fungi in the Northern hemisphere. Main Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that range size for both mycorrhizal guilds is for the most part not determined by dispersal limitation, suggesting instead that environmental tolerance or plant host distributions determine mycorrhizal fungal ranges. Future surveys of the same plant species across environmental gradients will elucidate abiotic versus host plant influence on mycorrhizal niches.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15428147
title: Range-wide life-history diversity and climate exposure in adult Chinook salmon

description: Run timing and water temperature data to support the submission of the manuscript titled "Range-wide life-history diversity and climate exposure in adult Chinook salmon"
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15428146
title: Range-wide life-history diversity and climate exposure in adult Chinook salmon

description: Run timing and water temperature data to support the submission of the manuscript titled "Range-wide life-history diversity and climate exposure in adult Chinook salmon"
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xd2547ddj
title: A fingerprint of climate change across pine forests of Sweden

description: Needle traits of coniferous forests reflect environmental conditions and
 influence tree physiology and growth. Given the sensitivity of needle
 traits and tree growth to climate, temperature warming of ≈1°C in the past
 century may have influenced structure and function of high latitude
 forests across the globe. Here we show that throughout a ≈1,000 km
 transect in cold, high latitude Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forests
 in Sweden, which has warmed by ≈1°C in a century, needles today
 (2012-2017) are 9-19% longer and have 30-31% shorter life-times than in
 1914-15. These century-scale shifts in needle traits were detected by
 sampling 74 sites from 2012-2017 along the same transect first assessed at
 57 sites in 1914-1915. Geographic variation in temperature strongly
 explained spatial patterns of needle length and longevity in both the
 early 20th and 21st centuries, with Scots pine from warmer sites further
 to the south having longer needles and shorter needle life-times than at
 colder, more northern sites. Moreover, the warming of climate along the
 transect in the past century has likely driven the temporal shift towards
 longer needles with shorter life-spans. The spatial and temporal variation
 in needle traits is both cause and consequence of variation in Scots pine
 tree growth rates, which tend to be higher in warmer times and places.
 These century-scale changes in Scandinavian Scots pine needles represent a
 fingerprint of climate change on a fundamental biological element, the
 leaf, which are likely to be mirrored by similar changes for evergreen
 conifers across the boreal biome.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mcvdncjxd
title: Data from: Are capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) sensitive to lost opportunities? The role of opportunity costs in intertemporal choice

description: Principles of economics predict that the costs associated with obtaining
 rewards can influence choice. When individuals face choices between a
 smaller, immediate option and a larger, later option, they often
 experience opportunity costs associated with waiting for delayed rewards
 because they must forego the opportunity to make other choices. We
 evaluated how reducing opportunity costs affects delay tolerance in
 capuchin monkeys. After choosing the larger option, in the High cost
 condition subjects had to wait for the delay to expire, whereas in the Low
 cost different condition they could perform a new choice during the delay.
 To assess the effect of intake rate on choices, the Low cost same
 condition had the same intake rate ratio as the High cost condition. We
 found that capuchins attended both to intake rates and to opportunity
 costs. They chose the larger option more often in the Low cost different
 and Low cost same conditions than in the High cost condition, and more
 often in the Low cost different condition than in the Low cost same
 condition. Understanding how non-human primates represent and use costs in
 making decisions not only helps to develop theoretical frameworks to
 explain their choices but also addresses similarities with and differences
 from human decision making. These outcomes provide insights into the
 origins of human economic behaviour.
description: These data were collected in an experiment with 10 adult capuchin
 monkeys, belonging to four social groups, housed at the Primate Center of
 the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome between July and November
 2018. The data were generated by a custom-built computer program that
 recorded each trial as a row. We processed the raw data by doing the
 following: Removing extraneous
 columns Renaming columns Fixing
 two incorrectly input responses Fixing two
 incorrectly input trial numbers Removing forced
 choice trials Removing extra trials from subjects who
 were tested beyond stability Recoding factor
 labels
description: Each row represents a single trial. Responses are coded in the
 choice column where 0 represents the smaller, sooner option and 1
 represents the larger, later option. Please see README.txt.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dncjsxkwc
title: Data from: Ostracods from the end-Permian mass extinction in the Aras Valley section (Northwest Iran)

description: The Aras Valley section (NW Iran) exposes a sedimentary succession that
 allows to study ostracod diversity patterns during/across the end-Permian
 mass extinction because of its ubiquitous fossil record. For the present
 study, 59 samples were investigated for their ostracod abundances, which
 ranged from 4 to 31500 specimens per 500 g. In 45 sample horizons, the
 ostracods were identified to the species-level. In total, 3,425 specimens
 were determined and 62 species were identified, of which one genus and ten
 species are described for the first time: Fabalicypris veronicae Gliwa,
 sp. nov., Orthobairdia capuliformis Gliwa, sp. nov., Araxobairdia formosa
 Gliwa, gen. et sp. nov., Bairdiacypris kathleenae Gliwa, sp. nov.,
 Eumiraculum mettei Gliwa, sp. nov., Liuzhinia julfensis Gliwa, sp. nov.,
 Carinaknightina hofmanni Gliwa, sp. nov., Cavellina fosteri Gliwa, sp.
 nov., Cavellina hairapetiani Gliwa, sp. nov. and Hungaroleberis striatus
 Forel, sp. nov. The assemblages show, at the end-Permian mass extinction
 event, a complete turnover from a low-diversity Fabalicypris-dominated
 pre-extinction community to a more diverse Bairdiacypris-dominated
 post-extinction community. The turnover coincides with the significant
 temperature increase that was previously recorded from NW Iranian
 sections. The low diversity in the horizon immediately below the
 extinction horizon indicates that environmental changes, such as thermal
 stress, may have had an impact on the ostracod assemblages prior to the
 extinction event. In comparison with other diverse ostracod assemblages
 from the Palaeotethyan realm, the ostracods of the Aras Valley section are
 not associated with microbialites.
description: Occurrences of ostracod specimens per species and sample
 horizon.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5x69p8d0v
title: Parasites, niche modification and the host microbiome: A field survey of multiple parasites

description: Parasites can affect and be affected by the host's microbiome, with
 consequences for host susceptibility, parasite transmission, and host and
 parasite fitness. Yet, two aspects of the relationship between parasite
 infection and host microbiota remain little understood: the nature of the
 relationship under field conditions, and how the relationship varies among
 parasites. To overcome these limitations, we performed a field survey of
 the within-leaf fungal community in a tall fescue population. We
 investigated how diversity and composition of the fungal microbiome
 associate with natural infection by fungal parasites with different
 feeding strategies. A parasite's feeding strategy affects both
 parasite requirements of the host environment and parasite impacts on the
 host environment. We hypothesized that parasites that more strongly modify
 niches available within a host will be associated with greater changes in
 microbiome diversity and composition. Parasites with a feeding strategy
 that creates necrotic tissue to extract resources (necrotrophs) may not
 only have different niche requirements, but also act as particularly
 strong niche modifiers. Barcoded amplicon sequencing of the fungal ITS
 region revealed that leaf segments symptomatic of necrotrophs had lower
 fungal diversity and distinct composition compared to segments that were
 asymptomatic or symptomatic of other parasites. There were no clear
 differences in fungal diversity or composition between leaf segments that
 were asymptomatic and segments symptomatic of other parasite feeding
 strategies. Our results motivate future experimental work to test how the
 relationship between the microbiome and parasite infection is impacted by
 parasite feeding strategy and highlight the potential importance of
 parasite traits.
description: Leaf segments were collected in a grass-dominated field within
 the Blackwood Division of the Due Forest Teaching and Research Laboratory.
 Leaf segments were collected at a total of 36 sites across an old field
 and processed within four hours back in the laboratory. Leaves were
 washing under running DI water for 30 seconds to remove fungi that were on
 the surface of the leaf but not attached to the leaf. Following surface
 washing, leaf segments were stored in a -80C freezer. Leaf segments were
 ground under liquid nitrogen with a mortar and pestle and transferred to
 96-well lates for DNA extraction. DNA extraction was performed with the
 DNEeast PowerSoil kit according to the manufacturer's protocol. We
 amplified the first part of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) with a
 version of the primer set ITS1F and ITS2 modified for parallel sequenceing
 on the Illumina MiSeq platform. We cleaned samples with AMPure beads,
 concentration-normalized, and pooled samples in one run on an Illumina
 MiSeq instrument using a paired-end 2 x 250 bp kit. A spike of 10% PhiX
 was added to the library to increase sample heterogeneity.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18390803
title: GeoLocator Data Package: Scops Owl (MIGRALIGHT)

description: This datapackage contains geolocator data for scops owls (Otus scops) as part of the MIGRALIGHT project, funded by the Swiss Ornithological Institute and a Global Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) Fellowship (HORIZON-MSCA-2023-PF-01-101150591).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3j9kd51dv
title: Resolving the Dust Bowl paradox of grassland responses to extreme drought

description: During the Dust Bowl drought, central US grasslands responded unexpectedly
 to a decade of hot, dry conditions. Grass species adapted to high
 temperatures with higher water use efficiency (C4 grasses) decreased while
 those preferring cooler climates (C3 grasses) increased. We reproduced
 this surprising response by experimentally imposing extreme drought in two
 native grasslands. Analysis of historical climate records revealed that
 during extreme drought years, the proportion of annual precipitation that
 occurs during cooler months increases. This previously unidentified shift
 in seasonal precipitation patterns during extreme drought years provides a
 mechanism for C3 grasses to increase despite overall hot, dry conditions.
 Thus, alterations in precipitation seasonality may be as important as
 reduced precipitation amount when forecasting ecosystem responses to
 extreme drought.
description: Drought was experimentally imposed at each site for four years
 using large rainfall exclusion shelters. At each site, 30 plots, each
 36-m<sup>2</sup>, were established across a topographically
 uniform area. Each of these were hydrologically isolated from the
 surrounding soil using aluminum flashing to a depth of 20 cm and 6-mil
 plastic barriers installed to a depth of 50 cm. Drought was imposed in 20
 plots per site by installing large shelters (10x10
 m<sup>2</sup>) that were used to block 66% of incoming
 rainfall during each growing season – this is roughly equivalent to a 50%
 reduction in annual precipitation given that 60-75% of MAP falls during
 the growing season in these ecosystems. The remaining ten plots per site
 were trenched and hydrologically isolated as well, serving as controls
 that received ambient rainfall. At the end of each growing season, all
 aboveground biomass was harvested in three quadrats (0.1
 m<sup>2</sup>) placed randomly in new locations each year in
 two 2x2 m subplots designated for destructive measurements. A different
 subplot was harvested each year. Biomass was sorted to remove the previous
 year’s growth, dried for 48 hours at 60°C, and weighed to estimate total
 aboveground net primary production (ANPP), as well as ANPP of dominant
 plant growth forms (C<sub>4</sub> grasses, and
 C<sub>3</sub> grasses and C<sub>3</sub>
 forbs).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2v6wwpzj7
title: Soil organic carbon in drylands: shrub encroachment and vegetation management effects dwarf those of livestock grazing

description: Dryland ecosystems occur worldwide and play a prominent, but potentially
 shifting, role in global biogeochemical cycling. Widespread woody plant
 proliferation, often associated with declines in palatable grasses, has
 jeopardized livestock production in drylands and prompted attempts to
 reduce woody cover by chemical or mechanical means. Woody encroachment
 also has the potential to significantly alter terrestrial carbon storage.
 However, little is known of the long-term biogeochemical consequences of
 woody encroachment in the broader context of its interaction with common
 dryland land uses, including “brush management” (woody plant clearing) and
 livestock grazing. Present assessments exhibit considerable variation in
 the consequences of these land use/land cover changes, with evidence that
 brush management may counteract sizeable impacts of shrub encroachment on
 soil biogeochemical pools. A challenge to assessing the net effects of
 brush management in shrub-encroached grasslands on soil organic carbon
 (SOC) and total nitrogen (N) pools is that land management practices are
 typically considered in isolation, when they are co-occurring phenomena.
 Furthermore, few studies have assessed spatial patterns in brush
 management and how these are affected in decades following treatment on
 sites with contrasting grazing histories. To address these uncertainties
 and interactions, we quantified the impacts of shrub encroachment and
 their subsequent mortality resulting from brush management (herbicide
 application) on SOC and N pools in a Sonoran Desert grassland where
 long-term grazing manipulations (&gt;100 y) co-occur with shrub
 encroachment and brush management. Pools of SOC and N associated with
 herbicided shrubs declined markedly over ~40 years, offsetting 66% of the
 increases from shrub encroachment. However, spatial patterns in SOC
 induced by shrubs persisted over the decades following brush management.
 Century-long protection from grazing did little to change SOC and N pools.
 Accordingly, shrub encroachment and shrub mortality from brush management
 each far outweighed livestock grazing impacts. Consideration of the
 patterns of SOC and N through space (e.g., bole-to-dripline gradients),
 time (e.g., shrub age/size), land use (e.g., livestock grazing and brush
 management) and their interactions will position us to improve predictions
 of SOC and N responses to land use/land cover change, inform C-based
 management decisions, and objectively evaluate trade-offs with other
 ecosystem services.
description: See methods in Throop, Archer, and McClaran.
description: Meta-data are available in the xlsx sheet.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qfttdz0d7
title: Data from: Effect of trait's expression level on single-step genomic evaluation of resistance to Dothistroma needle blight

description: Many conifer breeding programs are paying increasing attention to breeding
 for resistance to needle disease due to the increasing importance of
 climate change. Phenotyping of traits related to resistance has many
 biological and temporal constraints that can often confound the ability to
 achieve reliable phenotypes and consequently, reliable genetic progress.
 The development of next generation sequencing platforms has also enabled
 implementation of genomic approaches in species lacking robust reference
 genomes. Genomic selection is, therefore, a promising strategy to overcome
 the constraints of needle disease phenotyping. We found high accuracy in
 the prediction of genomic breeding values in the disease-related traits
 that were well characterized, reaching 0.975 for genotyped individuals and
 0.587 for non-genotyped individuals. This compared well with
 pedigree-based accuracies of up to 0.746. Surprisingly, poorly phenotyped
 disease traits also showed very high accuracy in terms of correlation of
 predicted genomic breeding values with pedigree-based counterparts.
 However, this was likely caused by the fact that both were clustered
 around the population mean, while deviations from the population mean
 caused by genetic effects did not appear to be well described. Caution
 should therefore be taken with the interpretation of results in poorly
 phenotyped traits.  Implementation of genomic selection in this
 test population of \textit{Pinus radiata} resulted in a relatively high
 prediction accuracy of needle loss due to \textit{Dothistroma septosporum}
 compared with a pedigree-based approach. Using genomics to avoid
 biological/temporal constraints where phenotyping is reliable appears
 promising. Unsurprisingly, reliable phenotyping, resulting in good
 heritability estimates, is a fundamental requirement for the development
 of a reliable prediction model. Furthermore, our results are also specific
 to the single pathogen mating-type that is present in New Zealand, and may
 change with future incursion of other pathogen varieties. There is no
 doubt, however, that once a robust genomic prediction model is built, it
 will be invaluable to not only select for host tolerance, but for other
 economically important traits simultaneously. This tool will thus
 future-proof our forests by mitigating the risk of disease outbreaks
 induced by future changes in climate.
description: Datafile contains datasets for three sites investigated in this
 study. Data for each site contains phenotypic data implemented in spatial
 analysis, phenotypic data representing spatiallly corrected phenotypes
 used in single-step genomic evaluation, documented pedigrees and genomic
 data for genotyped individuals. Phenotypic data were collected in field
 experiments. Genomic data were generated using exome capture
 platform.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wm37pvmjg
title: Data from: Increasing synergistic effects of habitat destruction and hunting on mammals over three decades in the Gran Chaco

description: Habitat destruction and overexploitation are the main threats to
 biodiversity and where they co-occur, their combined impact is often
 larger than their individual one. Yet, detailed knowledge of the spatial
 footprints of these threats is lacking, including where they overlap and
 how they change over time. These knowledge gaps are real barriers for
 effective conservation planning. Here, we develop a novel approach to
 reconstruct the individual and combined footprints of both threats over
 time. We combine satellite-based land-cover change maps, habitat
 suitability models, and hunting pressure models to demonstrate our
 approach for the community of larger mammals (48 species &gt;1 kg)
 across the 1.1 million km² Gran Chaco region, a global deforestation
 hotspot covering parts of Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay. This provides
 three key insights. First, we find that the footprints of habitat
 destruction and hunting pressure expanded considerably between 1985 and
 2015, across ~40% of the entire Chaco – twice the area affected by
 deforestation. Second, both threats increasingly acted together within the
 ranges of larger mammals in the Chaco (17% increase on average, ±20% SD,
 cumulative increase of co-occurring threats across 465,000 km2),
 suggesting large synergistic effects. Conversely, core areas of
 high-quality habitats declined on average by 38%. Third, we identified
 remaining priority areas for conservation in the northern and central
 Chaco, many of which are outside the protected area network. We also
 identify hotspots of high threat impacts in central Paraguay and northern
 Argentina, providing a spatial template for threat-specific conservation
 action. Overall, our findings suggest increasing synergistic effects
 between habitat destruction and hunting pressure in the Chaco, a situation
 likely common in many tropical deforestation frontiers. Our work
 highlights how threats can be traced in space and time to understand their
 individual and combined impact, even in situations where data are sparse.
description: This data set was produced on the basis of habitat suitability
 models and hunting pressure models for 48 species of mammals across the
 Gran Chaco region. Details in the methods can be found in the paper
 (Romero-Muñoz et al. (2020) Ecography doi: 10.1111/ecog.05053). 
 These data contains the rasters of the footprints of habitat
 destruction and hunting pressure for all mammals across the Chaco and
 their change from 1985 to 2015.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ee35n6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 493 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Ancistrotropis firmula",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 493 records from 61 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002298-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.