cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944559.v1
title: Soil management practices adopted by farmers and how they perceive conservation agriculture

description: ABSTRACT In some rural properties of Brazil, soil and water conservation practices are partially or inappropriately implemented, intensifying soil erosion, even in no-tillage (NT) areas. This study aimed to check the farmer’s understanding of conservation agriculture (CA) and assess whether they are using practices appropriate to soil conservation. A basin in the state of Paraná, in Southern Brazil, was selected. Surveys were conducted based on a structured questionnaire and in-person interviews of 234 farmers. Among these farmers, 67 % do not understand CA pillars adequately, and 68 % stated they have been using NT for over 12 years. However, 58 % stated that they carried out some kind of soil preparation. Furthermore, some of the farmers only partially implemented CA, adopting a low level of crop diversification. The main problems pointed out by the farmers to justify simplifying the CA approach were soil compaction, low production of plant biomass and resistance of weeds to herbicides. Most farmers in the study do not have enough knowledge of the pillars of CA. As a result, there is little diversification in crop rotation, and the soil is continually disturbed with chiseling. Furthermore, although most farmers use terracing, they drive sprayers crossing terraces and following the slope, a practice that can impair the capacity of terraces to control surface water runoff. These practices do not contribute to soil and water conservation and endanger the sustainability of agricultural production systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944561
title: Heavy metals and pesticides in soils under different land-use patterns in neotropical high Andean Páramos

description: ABSTRACT Páramos are unique strategic ecosystems in the neotropical region, above the upper limit of closed forest and below the lower limit of perpetual snow in the tropical mountains of Central and South America. Their soils are of particular importance for water regulation and carbon storage; however, thousands of peasants develop agricultural activities such as potato cultivation and livestock farming in these areas. This research aimed to evaluate the possible heavy metals contents (arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead) and pesticide residues (348 in total) associated with potato cultivation and livestock farming activities in soils of Páramo ecosystems (Cruz Verde and El Verjón) in Cundinamarca, Colombia. Soil samples are from areas in the Páramo under potato crops and livestock farming, at two different altitudes: 3300 m a.s.l. (meters above sea level) and 2900 m a.s.l.; and then, the physical-chemical properties, heavy metals, and pesticide content were determined in each sample. The results showed that none of the soils evaluated exceeded the concentrations of heavy metals permitted by the normativity that was analyzed. On the other hand, we found the presence of the fungicide dimethomorph (0.27 mg kg-1) in soils under potato crops at altitudes 1 and 2, fungicide metalaxyl (0.013 mg kg-1) in soils under potato crops at altitude 1, and insecticide thiamethoxam (0.048 mg kg-1) in soils under potato crops at altitude 2. Anyhow, the statistical analysis did not show significant heavy metals contents or pesticide residues in the Páramo soils associated with potato cultivation and livestock farming; nonetheless, there are significant impacts on five of the physicochemical properties of the soils under study (moisture, bulk density, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, and phosphorus). Although soil physicochemical parameters properties were modified by soil potato crop and cattle raising, these land land-use types did not cause relevant impacts heavy metals and pesticides, which could be due to the specific agricultural practices adopted in the area (Potato-pasture rotation system, with fallow periods of between 7 and 10 years). Finally, this study represents the first report on heavy metals and pesticide residues in Páramo soils.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944561.v1
title: Heavy metals and pesticides in soils under different land-use patterns in neotropical high Andean Páramos

description: ABSTRACT Páramos are unique strategic ecosystems in the neotropical region, above the upper limit of closed forest and below the lower limit of perpetual snow in the tropical mountains of Central and South America. Their soils are of particular importance for water regulation and carbon storage; however, thousands of peasants develop agricultural activities such as potato cultivation and livestock farming in these areas. This research aimed to evaluate the possible heavy metals contents (arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead) and pesticide residues (348 in total) associated with potato cultivation and livestock farming activities in soils of Páramo ecosystems (Cruz Verde and El Verjón) in Cundinamarca, Colombia. Soil samples are from areas in the Páramo under potato crops and livestock farming, at two different altitudes: 3300 m a.s.l. (meters above sea level) and 2900 m a.s.l.; and then, the physical-chemical properties, heavy metals, and pesticide content were determined in each sample. The results showed that none of the soils evaluated exceeded the concentrations of heavy metals permitted by the normativity that was analyzed. On the other hand, we found the presence of the fungicide dimethomorph (0.27 mg kg-1) in soils under potato crops at altitudes 1 and 2, fungicide metalaxyl (0.013 mg kg-1) in soils under potato crops at altitude 1, and insecticide thiamethoxam (0.048 mg kg-1) in soils under potato crops at altitude 2. Anyhow, the statistical analysis did not show significant heavy metals contents or pesticide residues in the Páramo soils associated with potato cultivation and livestock farming; nonetheless, there are significant impacts on five of the physicochemical properties of the soils under study (moisture, bulk density, organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, and phosphorus). Although soil physicochemical parameters properties were modified by soil potato crop and cattle raising, these land land-use types did not cause relevant impacts heavy metals and pesticides, which could be due to the specific agricultural practices adopted in the area (Potato-pasture rotation system, with fallow periods of between 7 and 10 years). Finally, this study represents the first report on heavy metals and pesticide residues in Páramo soils.
DOI: 10.5519/qd.qchecqov
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (113 records)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944565
title: Parboiled rice bran subjected to prolonged storage for meat quail feeding

description: The objective of this work was to evaluate the oxidative stability of parboiled rice bran (PRB) during storage and the effects of its use on meat quail feeding. Two hundred forty-five animals, with seven days of age, of both sexes, were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments in a 2x2+1 factorial arrangement and seven replicates of seven chicks. The following treatments were evaluated: control diet, without PRB; and inclusion levels of 10 and 20% of 180-day-storaged PRB (SPRB) or of new PRB (NPRB) in the control diet. There was lipid oxidation of PRB during storage, the acid index was 4.25 and 63.50 (% as oleic acid) and the peroxide index was 15.64 and 38.28 meq kg-1 for NPRB and SPRB, respectively. The inclusion of PRB resulted in lower dry matter and nitrogen digestibility and in higher metabolizable energy value of feed when compared to the control diet. The inclusion of 20% SPRB resulted in lower metabolizable energy of feed than the addition of NPRB. The inclusions did not influence performance, carcass traits, relative weights of the liver and pancreas, and bone growth and quality. The SPRB, although rancid, can be used as feed for meat quail at levels up to 20% inclusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944565.v1
title: Parboiled rice bran subjected to prolonged storage for meat quail feeding

description: The objective of this work was to evaluate the oxidative stability of parboiled rice bran (PRB) during storage and the effects of its use on meat quail feeding. Two hundred forty-five animals, with seven days of age, of both sexes, were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments in a 2x2+1 factorial arrangement and seven replicates of seven chicks. The following treatments were evaluated: control diet, without PRB; and inclusion levels of 10 and 20% of 180-day-storaged PRB (SPRB) or of new PRB (NPRB) in the control diet. There was lipid oxidation of PRB during storage, the acid index was 4.25 and 63.50 (% as oleic acid) and the peroxide index was 15.64 and 38.28 meq kg-1 for NPRB and SPRB, respectively. The inclusion of PRB resulted in lower dry matter and nitrogen digestibility and in higher metabolizable energy value of feed when compared to the control diet. The inclusion of 20% SPRB resulted in lower metabolizable energy of feed than the addition of NPRB. The inclusions did not influence performance, carcass traits, relative weights of the liver and pancreas, and bone growth and quality. The SPRB, although rancid, can be used as feed for meat quail at levels up to 20% inclusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944566
title: Biometric analysis of protein and oil contents of soybean genotypes in different environments

description: The objective of this work was to identify by biometric analyses the most stable soybean parents, with higher oil or protein contents, cultivated at different seasons and locations of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Forty-nine genotypes were evaluated in the municipalities of Viçosa, Visconde do Rio Branco, and São Gotardo, in the state of Minas Gerais, from 2009 to 2011. Protein and oil contents were analyzed by infrared spectrometry using a FT-NIR analyzer. The effects of genotype, environment, and genotype x environment interaction were significant. The BARC-8 soybean genotype is the best parent to increase protein contents in the progenies, followed by BR 8014887 and CS 3032PTA276-3-4. Selection for high oil content is more efficient when the crossings involve the Suprema, CD 01RR8384, and A7002 genotypes, which show high mean phenotypic values, wide adaptability, and greater stability to environmental variation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944566.v1
title: Biometric analysis of protein and oil contents of soybean genotypes in different environments

description: The objective of this work was to identify by biometric analyses the most stable soybean parents, with higher oil or protein contents, cultivated at different seasons and locations of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Forty-nine genotypes were evaluated in the municipalities of Viçosa, Visconde do Rio Branco, and São Gotardo, in the state of Minas Gerais, from 2009 to 2011. Protein and oil contents were analyzed by infrared spectrometry using a FT-NIR analyzer. The effects of genotype, environment, and genotype x environment interaction were significant. The BARC-8 soybean genotype is the best parent to increase protein contents in the progenies, followed by BR 8014887 and CS 3032PTA276-3-4. Selection for high oil content is more efficient when the crossings involve the Suprema, CD 01RR8384, and A7002 genotypes, which show high mean phenotypic values, wide adaptability, and greater stability to environmental variation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944568
title: Biological parameters of soybean looper in cotton cultivars with the Cry1Ac and Cry1F proteins

description: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of transgenic cotton cultivars expressing the Cry1Ac and Cry1F proteins, on the biological parameters of soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens). Neonate larvae were fed during the entire larval phase with leaves from transgenic cultivars and their conventional isolines. In the Nuopal (Bollgard I) cultivar (Cry1Ac), 62% of larvae survived and became normal pupae. The FM 975 (WideStrike) cultivar (Cry1Ac and Cry1F) is lethal to first-instar larvae, with 100% mortality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944568.v1
title: Biological parameters of soybean looper in cotton cultivars with the Cry1Ac and Cry1F proteins

description: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of transgenic cotton cultivars expressing the Cry1Ac and Cry1F proteins, on the biological parameters of soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens). Neonate larvae were fed during the entire larval phase with leaves from transgenic cultivars and their conventional isolines. In the Nuopal (Bollgard I) cultivar (Cry1Ac), 62% of larvae survived and became normal pupae. The FM 975 (WideStrike) cultivar (Cry1Ac and Cry1F) is lethal to first-instar larvae, with 100% mortality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944571
title: Productive and economic performance of Arabica coffee and macadamia nut intercropping

description: The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive and economic performance of Arabica coffee and macadamia nut intercropping, under rainfed and drip-irrigation conditions, as well as the financial viability of treatments in three coffee price scenarios. A completely randomized design was used, with six treatments (rainfed sole coffee, irrigated sole coffee, rainfed coffee-macadamia nut intercropping, irrigated coffee-macadamia nut intercropping, rainfed sole macadamia nut, and irrigated sole macadamia nut) and ten replicates. The productivity, the area equivalency index, and the economic outcomes of the treatments were evaluated in three coffee price scenarios. Drip irrigation and intercropping increased coffee and macadamia nut yields, in comparison to rainfed monocultures, and generally promoted the same productivity as the coffee irrigated monocultures, as well as higher productivity than the macadamia nut irrigated monocultures. The combined use of intercropping and drip irrigation promotes land-use efficiency 5-fold greater than the averages of rainfed monocultures. Irrigated intercropping promotes higher profitability and faster return on investment, making it a viable alternative, especially in periods of lower coffee prices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944571.v1
title: Productive and economic performance of Arabica coffee and macadamia nut intercropping

description: The objective of this work was to evaluate the productive and economic performance of Arabica coffee and macadamia nut intercropping, under rainfed and drip-irrigation conditions, as well as the financial viability of treatments in three coffee price scenarios. A completely randomized design was used, with six treatments (rainfed sole coffee, irrigated sole coffee, rainfed coffee-macadamia nut intercropping, irrigated coffee-macadamia nut intercropping, rainfed sole macadamia nut, and irrigated sole macadamia nut) and ten replicates. The productivity, the area equivalency index, and the economic outcomes of the treatments were evaluated in three coffee price scenarios. Drip irrigation and intercropping increased coffee and macadamia nut yields, in comparison to rainfed monocultures, and generally promoted the same productivity as the coffee irrigated monocultures, as well as higher productivity than the macadamia nut irrigated monocultures. The combined use of intercropping and drip irrigation promotes land-use efficiency 5-fold greater than the averages of rainfed monocultures. Irrigated intercropping promotes higher profitability and faster return on investment, making it a viable alternative, especially in periods of lower coffee prices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944572
title: Bioclimatic zoning for Dorper sheep in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

description: The objective of this work was to perform the bioclimatic zoning for Dorper sheep, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Average daily meteorological data from 246 meteorological stations in the state were used. The variables air temperature and air relative humidity were used to calculate the temperature and humidity index. With the values of these variables, isolines were traced using the Surfer software. The Agreste region of Pernambuco shows the best weather conditions for Dorper breed throughout the year than the region comprising the coast, "Zona da Mata", and "Semiárido". In the warmer months and in critical regions, as the "Sertão", the implementation of management is required, to provide shade to mitigate heat stress and not compromise the productive performance of the breed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944572.v1
title: Bioclimatic zoning for Dorper sheep in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil

description: The objective of this work was to perform the bioclimatic zoning for Dorper sheep, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Average daily meteorological data from 246 meteorological stations in the state were used. The variables air temperature and air relative humidity were used to calculate the temperature and humidity index. With the values of these variables, isolines were traced using the Surfer software. The Agreste region of Pernambuco shows the best weather conditions for Dorper breed throughout the year than the region comprising the coast, "Zona da Mata", and "Semiárido". In the warmer months and in critical regions, as the "Sertão", the implementation of management is required, to provide shade to mitigate heat stress and not compromise the productive performance of the breed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944575
title: Genetic associations in the detection of QTLs for wheat spike-related traits

description: The objective of this work was to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of wheat genotypes, to detect significant and stable genetic associations, as well as to evaluate the efficiency of statistical models to identify chromosome regions responsible for the expression of spike-related traits. Eight important spike characteristics were measured during five growing seasons in Serbia. A set of 30 microsatellite markers positioned near important agronomic loci was used to evaluate genetic diversity, resulting in a total of 349 alleles. The marker-trait associations were analyzed using the general linear and mixed linear models. The results obtained for number of allelic variants per locus (11.5), average polymorphic information content value (0.68), and average gene diversity (0.722) showed that the exceptional level of polymorphism in the genotypes is the main requirement for association studies. The population structure estimated by model-based clustering distributed the genotypes into six subpopulations according to log probability of data. Significant and stable associations were detected on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, and 6D, which explained from 4.7 to 40.7% of total phenotypic variations. The general linear model identified a significantly larger number of marker-trait associations (192) than the mixed linear model (76). The mixed linear model identified nine markers associated to six traits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944575.v1
title: Genetic associations in the detection of QTLs for wheat spike-related traits

description: The objective of this work was to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of wheat genotypes, to detect significant and stable genetic associations, as well as to evaluate the efficiency of statistical models to identify chromosome regions responsible for the expression of spike-related traits. Eight important spike characteristics were measured during five growing seasons in Serbia. A set of 30 microsatellite markers positioned near important agronomic loci was used to evaluate genetic diversity, resulting in a total of 349 alleles. The marker-trait associations were analyzed using the general linear and mixed linear models. The results obtained for number of allelic variants per locus (11.5), average polymorphic information content value (0.68), and average gene diversity (0.722) showed that the exceptional level of polymorphism in the genotypes is the main requirement for association studies. The population structure estimated by model-based clustering distributed the genotypes into six subpopulations according to log probability of data. Significant and stable associations were detected on chromosomes 1B, 2A, 2B, 2D, and 6D, which explained from 4.7 to 40.7% of total phenotypic variations. The general linear model identified a significantly larger number of marker-trait associations (192) than the mixed linear model (76). The mixed linear model identified nine markers associated to six traits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944577
title: Genetic variability of hull-less barley accessions based on molecular and quantitative data

description: The objective of this work was to characterize and quantify the genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability of hull-less barley genotypes, for the selection of parents and identification of genotypes adapted to the irrigated production system in the Brazilian Cerrado. Eighteen hull-less barley accessions were evaluated, and three covered barley accessions served as reference. The characterization was based on 157 RAPD molecular markers and ten agronomic traits. Genetic distance matrices were obtained based on molecular markers and quantitative traits. Graphic grouping and dispersion analyses were performed. Genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability was high among genotypes. Ethiopian accessions were genetically more similar, and the Brazilian ones were genetically more distant. For agronomic traits, two more consistent groupings were obtained, one with the most two-rowed materials, and the other with six-rowed materials. The more diverging materials were the two-rowed CI 13453, CN Cerrado 5, CN Cerrado 1, and CN Cerrado 2. The PI 356466, CN Cerrado 1, PI 370799, and CI 13453 genotypes show agronomic traits of interest and, as genetically different genotypes, they are indicated for crossing, in breeding programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19944577.v1
title: Genetic variability of hull-less barley accessions based on molecular and quantitative data

description: The objective of this work was to characterize and quantify the genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability of hull-less barley genotypes, for the selection of parents and identification of genotypes adapted to the irrigated production system in the Brazilian Cerrado. Eighteen hull-less barley accessions were evaluated, and three covered barley accessions served as reference. The characterization was based on 157 RAPD molecular markers and ten agronomic traits. Genetic distance matrices were obtained based on molecular markers and quantitative traits. Graphic grouping and dispersion analyses were performed. Genetic, molecular, and agronomic variability was high among genotypes. Ethiopian accessions were genetically more similar, and the Brazilian ones were genetically more distant. For agronomic traits, two more consistent groupings were obtained, one with the most two-rowed materials, and the other with six-rowed materials. The more diverging materials were the two-rowed CI 13453, CN Cerrado 5, CN Cerrado 1, and CN Cerrado 2. The PI 356466, CN Cerrado 1, PI 370799, and CI 13453 genotypes show agronomic traits of interest and, as genetically different genotypes, they are indicated for crossing, in breeding programs.