DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pq3376q
title: Data from: Parallel evolution and adaptation to environmental factors in a marine flatfish: implications for fisheries and aquaculture management of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

description: Unraveling adaptive genetic variation represents, in addition to the
 estimate of population demographic parameters, a cornerstone for the
 management of aquatic natural living resources, which in turn, represent
 the raw material for breeding programs. The turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)
 is a marine flatfish of high commercial value living on the European
 continental shelf. While wild populations are declining, aquaculture is
 flourishing in Southern Europe. We evaluated the genetic structure of
 turbot throughout its natural distribution range (672 individuals; 20
 populations) by analyzing allele frequency data from 755 Single Nucleotide
 Polymorphism discovered and genotyped by Double Digest RAD Sequencing. The
 species was structured into four main regions: Baltic Sea, Atlantic Ocean,
 Adriatic Sea and Black Sea, with subtle differentiation apparent at the
 distribution margins of the Atlantic region. Genetic diversity and
 effective population size estimates were highest in the Atlantic
 populations, the area of greatest occurrence, while turbot from other
 regions showed lower levels, reflecting geographical isolation and reduced
 abundance. Divergent selection was detected within and between the
 Atlantic Ocean and Baltic Sea regions, and also when comparing these two
 regions with the Black Sea. Evidence of parallel evolution was detected
 between the two low salinity regions, the Baltic and Black seas.
 Correlation between genetic and environmental variation indicated that
 temperature and salinity were probably the main environmental drivers of
 selection. Mining around the four genomic regions consistently inferred to
 be under selection identified candidate genes related to osmoregulation,
 growth and resistance to diseases. The new insights are useful for the
 management of turbot fisheries and aquaculture by providing the baseline
 for evaluating the consequences of turbot releases from restocking and
 farming.
description: GP_755SNP_wild_turbotGenepop input file created by Populations including all the locations and markers used in the study (755 markers). Location codes are shown in Table 1 of the manuscript.GP_513NeutralSNP_wild_turbotGenepop input file created by Populations. Only markers included in neutral dataset (513 markers). Location codes are shown in Table 1 of the manuscript.MAFTur_defVegan input file including genetic information (i.e. minimum allele frequency within each location for 755 markers) for all the studied locations. Location codes are shown in Table 1 of the manuscript.EnvTur_defVegan input file including environmental information for all the studied locations. Location codes are shown in Table 1 of the manuscript.Description of the files deposited in Dryad Prado et al 2018Description of the files deposited in Dryad Prado et al 2018 "Parallel evolution and adaptation to environmental factors in a marine flatfish: implications for fisheries and aquaculture management of the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)"