cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568896
title: Characteristics of alveolar macrophages from murine models of OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation and LPS-induced acute airway inflammation

description: ABSTRACT<i>Background</i>: Macrophages include the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (M1s) and alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (M2s). The M1s are activated by both interferon-γ and Toll-like receptor ligands, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and have potent pro-inflammatory activity. In contrast, Th2 cytokines activate the M2s, which are involved in the immune response to parasites, promotion of tissue remodeling, and immune regulatory functions. Although alveolar macrophages (AMs) play an essential role in the pulmonary immune system, little is known about their phenotypes. <i>Methods</i>: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry were used to define the characteristics of alveolar macrophages derived from untreated naïve mice and from murine models of both ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation and LPS-induced acute airway inflammation. AMs were co-cultured with CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and were pulsed with tritiated thymidine to assess proliferative responses. <i>Results</i>: We characterized in detail murine AMs and found that these cells were not completely consistent with the current M1 versus M2-polarization model. OVA-induced allergic and LPS-induced acute airway inflammation promoted the polarization of AMs towards the current M2-skewed and M1-skewed phenotypes, respectively. Moreover, our data also show that CD11c<sup>+</sup> CD11b<sup>+</sup> AMs from the LPS-treated mice play a regulatory role in antigen-specific T-cell proliferation in vitro. <i>Conclusions</i>: These characteristics of AMs depend on the incoming pathogens they encounter and on the phase of inflammation and do not correspond to the current M1 versus M2-polarization model. These findings may facilitate an understanding of their contributions to the pulmonary immune system in airway inflammation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568896.v1
title: Characteristics of alveolar macrophages from murine models of OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation and LPS-induced acute airway inflammation

description: ABSTRACT<i>Background</i>: Macrophages include the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (M1s) and alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (M2s). The M1s are activated by both interferon-γ and Toll-like receptor ligands, including lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and have potent pro-inflammatory activity. In contrast, Th2 cytokines activate the M2s, which are involved in the immune response to parasites, promotion of tissue remodeling, and immune regulatory functions. Although alveolar macrophages (AMs) play an essential role in the pulmonary immune system, little is known about their phenotypes. <i>Methods</i>: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry were used to define the characteristics of alveolar macrophages derived from untreated naïve mice and from murine models of both ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic airway inflammation and LPS-induced acute airway inflammation. AMs were co-cultured with CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and were pulsed with tritiated thymidine to assess proliferative responses. <i>Results</i>: We characterized in detail murine AMs and found that these cells were not completely consistent with the current M1 versus M2-polarization model. OVA-induced allergic and LPS-induced acute airway inflammation promoted the polarization of AMs towards the current M2-skewed and M1-skewed phenotypes, respectively. Moreover, our data also show that CD11c<sup>+</sup> CD11b<sup>+</sup> AMs from the LPS-treated mice play a regulatory role in antigen-specific T-cell proliferation in vitro. <i>Conclusions</i>: These characteristics of AMs depend on the incoming pathogens they encounter and on the phase of inflammation and do not correspond to the current M1 versus M2-polarization model. These findings may facilitate an understanding of their contributions to the pulmonary immune system in airway inflammation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568895.v1
title: A goose-type lysozyme from ostrich (<i>Struthio camelus</i>) egg white: multiple roles of His101 in its enzymatic reaction

description: A goose-type lysozyme from ostrich egg white (OEL) was produced by <i>Escherichia coli</i> expression system, and the role of His101 of OEL in the enzymatic reaction was investigated by NMR spectroscopy, thermal unfolding, and theoretical modeling of the enzymatic hydrolysis of hexa-<i>N</i>-acetylchitohexaose, (GlcNAc)<sub>6</sub>. Although the binding of tri-<i>N</i>-acetylchitotriose, (GlcNAc)<sub>3</sub>, to OEL perturbed several backbone resonances in the <sup>1</sup>H–<sup>15</sup>N HSQC spectrum, the chemical shift of the backbone resonance of His101 was not significantly affected. However, apparent p<i>K</i><sub>a</sub> values of His101 and Lys102 determined from the pH titration curves of the backbone chemical shifts were markedly shifted by (GlcNAc)<sub>3</sub> binding. Thermal unfolding experiments and modeling study of (GlcNAc)<sub>6</sub> hydrolysis using a His101-mutated OEL (H101A-OEL) revealed that the His101 mutation affected not only sugar residue affinities at subsites −3 and −2 but also the rate constant for bond cleavage. His101 appears to play multiple roles in the substrate binding and the catalytic reaction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568891
title: Vocal complexity in the palm cockatoo (<i>Probosciger aterrimus</i>)

description: Parrots are renowned for their capacity for vocal learning and production of diverse sounds in captivity, yet little is known about why such advanced vocal capabilities have evolved. Here, we provide a detailed description and statistical classification of the vocal repertoire of wild palm cockatoos <i>Probosciger aterrimus</i> and investigate the behavioural contexts of vocalizations. We show that palm cockatoos produce vocalizations that conform to most of the common vocalizations described for wild parrots, but also produce a variety of additional syllables in a phonological syntactic manner in the contexts of display and vocal-exchange with neighbouring individuals. These additional syllables are mainly produced by males and are often combined to form long, complex sequences. Unlike most parrots, palm cockatoos defend large multipurpose territories and we speculate that the large vocal repertoire and vocal assemblages of palm cockatoos may function in territorial defense.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568891.v2
title: Vocal complexity in the palm cockatoo (<i>Probosciger aterrimus</i>)

description: Parrots are renowned for their capacity for vocal learning and production of diverse sounds in captivity, yet little is known about why such advanced vocal capabilities have evolved. Here, we provide a detailed description and statistical classification of the vocal repertoire of wild palm cockatoos <i>Probosciger aterrimus</i> and investigate the behavioural contexts of vocalizations. We show that palm cockatoos produce vocalizations that conform to most of the common vocalizations described for wild parrots, but also produce a variety of additional syllables in a phonological syntactic manner in the contexts of display and vocal-exchange with neighbouring individuals. These additional syllables are mainly produced by males and are often combined to form long, complex sequences. Unlike most parrots, palm cockatoos defend large multipurpose territories and we speculate that the large vocal repertoire and vocal assemblages of palm cockatoos may function in territorial defense.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568891.v5
title: Vocal complexity in the palm cockatoo (<i>Probosciger aterrimus</i>)

description: Parrots are renowned for their capacity for vocal learning and production of diverse sounds in captivity, yet little is known about why such advanced vocal capabilities have evolved. Here, we provide a detailed description and statistical classification of the vocal repertoire of wild palm cockatoos <i>Probosciger aterrimus</i> and investigate the behavioural contexts of vocalizations. We show that palm cockatoos produce vocalizations that conform to most of the common vocalizations described for wild parrots, but also produce a variety of additional syllables in a phonological syntactic manner in the contexts of display and vocal-exchange with neighbouring individuals. These additional syllables are mainly produced by males and are often combined to form long, complex sequences. Unlike most parrots, palm cockatoos defend large multipurpose territories and we speculate that the large vocal repertoire and vocal assemblages of palm cockatoos may function in territorial defense.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568887
title: Microwave synthesis of dirhenium paddlewheel complexes

description: Tetrakis(carboxylato)dihalidodirhenium (III,III) complexes were efficiently synthesized utilizing microwave irradiation. Re<sub>2</sub>(acetate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub>, Re<sub>2</sub>(butyrate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub> and Re<sub>2</sub>(pivalate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub>, where X = Cl or Br, were produced in under one hour in the microwave with comparable yields to traditional refluxes which take as long as four days. All reaction samples were prepared under inert gas and the septa caps of the microwave reaction vessels were sufficient to maintain this environment during the reaction. Re<sub>2</sub>(acetate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub> and Re<sub>2</sub>(butyrate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub> were synthesized from the (Bu<sub>4</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>[Re<sub>2</sub>X<sub>8</sub>] salt, the acid, the anhydride, and in some cases hexanes. Re<sub>2</sub>(pivalate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub>, traditionally prepared via melt reactions, were synthesized from the (Bu<sub>4</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>[Re<sub>2</sub>X<sub>8</sub>] salt and pivalic acid combined in diglyme or diglyme and hexanes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568887.v1
title: Microwave synthesis of dirhenium paddlewheel complexes

description: Tetrakis(carboxylato)dihalidodirhenium (III,III) complexes were efficiently synthesized utilizing microwave irradiation. Re<sub>2</sub>(acetate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub>, Re<sub>2</sub>(butyrate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub> and Re<sub>2</sub>(pivalate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub>, where X = Cl or Br, were produced in under one hour in the microwave with comparable yields to traditional refluxes which take as long as four days. All reaction samples were prepared under inert gas and the septa caps of the microwave reaction vessels were sufficient to maintain this environment during the reaction. Re<sub>2</sub>(acetate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub> and Re<sub>2</sub>(butyrate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub> were synthesized from the (Bu<sub>4</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>[Re<sub>2</sub>X<sub>8</sub>] salt, the acid, the anhydride, and in some cases hexanes. Re<sub>2</sub>(pivalate)<sub>4</sub>X<sub>2</sub>, traditionally prepared via melt reactions, were synthesized from the (Bu<sub>4</sub>N)<sub>2</sub>[Re<sub>2</sub>X<sub>8</sub>] salt and pivalic acid combined in diglyme or diglyme and hexanes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568891.v4
title: Vocal complexity in the palm cockatoo (<i>Probosciger aterrimus</i>)

description: Parrots are renowned for their capacity for vocal learning and production of diverse sounds in captivity, yet little is known about why such advanced vocal capabilities have evolved. Here, we provide a detailed description and statistical classification of the vocal repertoire of wild palm cockatoos <i>Probosciger aterrimus</i> and investigate the behavioural contexts of vocalizations. We show that palm cockatoos produce vocalizations that conform to most of the common vocalizations described for wild parrots, but also produce a variety of additional syllables in a phonological syntactic manner in the contexts of display and vocal-exchange with neighbouring individuals. These additional syllables are mainly produced by males and are often combined to form long, complex sequences. Unlike most parrots, palm cockatoos defend large multipurpose territories and we speculate that the large vocal repertoire and vocal assemblages of palm cockatoos may function in territorial defense.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568865
title: Low levels of vitamin D are associated with multimorbidity: Results from the LifeLines Cohort Study

description: <i>Background.</i> The prevalence of multimorbidity (≥ 1 disease within an individual) is rapidly increasing. So far, studies on the relationship between vitamin D and morbidity are mainly focusing on effects on single disease domains only, while vitamin D biology is associated with several diseases throughout the human body.<i>Methods.</i> We studied 8,726 participants from the LifeLines Cohort Study (a cross-sectional, population-based cohort study) and used the self-developed composite morbidity score to study the association between vitamin D levels and multimorbidity.<i>Results.</i> Study participants (mean age 45 ± 13 years, 73% females) had a mean plasma vitamin D level of 59 ± 22 nmol/L. In participants aged between 50 and 60 years, 58% had ≥ 2 affected disease domains, while morbidity score increased with age (70–80 years: 82% morbidity score &gt; 1; &gt; 80 years: 89% morbidity score &gt; 1). Each incremental reduction by 1 standard deviation (SD) of vitamin D level was associated with an 8% higher morbidity score (full model OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.97, <i>P = </i> 0.001). Participants with vitamin D levels &lt; 25 nmol/L were at highest risk for increasing morbidity prevalence (versus &gt; 80 nmol/L, OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07–1.67, <i>P = </i>0.01).<i>Conclusions.</i> Low levels of vitamin D are associated with higher prevalence of multimorbidity, especially in participants with vitamin D levels &lt; 25 nmol/L. Collectively, our results favor a general, rather than an organ-specific, approach when assessing the impact of vitamin D deficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568865.v2
title: Low levels of vitamin D are associated with multimorbidity: Results from the LifeLines Cohort Study

description: <i>Background.</i> The prevalence of multimorbidity (≥ 1 disease within an individual) is rapidly increasing. So far, studies on the relationship between vitamin D and morbidity are mainly focusing on effects on single disease domains only, while vitamin D biology is associated with several diseases throughout the human body.<i>Methods.</i> We studied 8,726 participants from the LifeLines Cohort Study (a cross-sectional, population-based cohort study) and used the self-developed composite morbidity score to study the association between vitamin D levels and multimorbidity.<i>Results.</i> Study participants (mean age 45 ± 13 years, 73% females) had a mean plasma vitamin D level of 59 ± 22 nmol/L. In participants aged between 50 and 60 years, 58% had ≥ 2 affected disease domains, while morbidity score increased with age (70–80 years: 82% morbidity score &gt; 1; &gt; 80 years: 89% morbidity score &gt; 1). Each incremental reduction by 1 standard deviation (SD) of vitamin D level was associated with an 8% higher morbidity score (full model OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.97, <i>P = </i> 0.001). Participants with vitamin D levels &lt; 25 nmol/L were at highest risk for increasing morbidity prevalence (versus &gt; 80 nmol/L, OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07–1.67, <i>P = </i>0.01).<i>Conclusions.</i> Low levels of vitamin D are associated with higher prevalence of multimorbidity, especially in participants with vitamin D levels &lt; 25 nmol/L. Collectively, our results favor a general, rather than an organ-specific, approach when assessing the impact of vitamin D deficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568865.v1
title: Low levels of vitamin D are associated with multimorbidity: Results from the LifeLines Cohort Study

description: <i>Background.</i> The prevalence of multimorbidity (≥ 1 disease within an individual) is rapidly increasing. So far, studies on the relationship between vitamin D and morbidity are mainly focusing on effects on single disease domains only, while vitamin D biology is associated with several diseases throughout the human body.<i>Methods.</i> We studied 8,726 participants from the LifeLines Cohort Study (a cross-sectional, population-based cohort study) and used the self-developed composite morbidity score to study the association between vitamin D levels and multimorbidity.<i>Results.</i> Study participants (mean age 45 ± 13 years, 73% females) had a mean plasma vitamin D level of 59 ± 22 nmol/L. In participants aged between 50 and 60 years, 58% had ≥ 2 affected disease domains, while morbidity score increased with age (70–80 years: 82% morbidity score &gt; 1; &gt; 80 years: 89% morbidity score &gt; 1). Each incremental reduction by 1 standard deviation (SD) of vitamin D level was associated with an 8% higher morbidity score (full model OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.97, <i>P = </i> 0.001). Participants with vitamin D levels &lt; 25 nmol/L were at highest risk for increasing morbidity prevalence (versus &gt; 80 nmol/L, OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07–1.67, <i>P = </i>0.01).<i>Conclusions.</i> Low levels of vitamin D are associated with higher prevalence of multimorbidity, especially in participants with vitamin D levels &lt; 25 nmol/L. Collectively, our results favor a general, rather than an organ-specific, approach when assessing the impact of vitamin D deficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568857
title: The link between Parkinson's disease and breast and prostate cancers: A meta-analysis

description: <i>Purpose</i>: Clinical observations have shown an increased morbidity for breast cancer or prostate cancer in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), however, other reports have noted contradictory results. This pooled analysis was utilized to test whether PD is associated with the risk of breast or prostate cancer. <i>Methods</i>: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library and conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the correlation of PD with breast and/or prostate cancer risk. We identified 16 eligible articles from which odds ratios with 95% confident intervals were assessed as main measures in the pooled estimation. Subgroup analyses and cumulative meta-analysis were also performed. <i>Results</i>: Our results showed no PD risk associated with breast or prostate cancer in the overall population, which was supported by the results of cumulative meta-analyses. The subgroup analyses suggested no significant risk of breast or prostate cancer in patients with PD within relevant subsets, i.e. gender, ethnicity, PD diagnosis time or study design. No evidence of publication bias was observed across the involved studies. <i>Conclusions</i>: This meta-analysis indicates a lack of association between PD and risk of breast or prostate cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568857.v2
title: The link between Parkinson's disease and breast and prostate cancers: A meta-analysis

description: <i>Purpose</i>: Clinical observations have shown an increased morbidity for breast cancer or prostate cancer in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), however, other reports have noted contradictory results. This pooled analysis was utilized to test whether PD is associated with the risk of breast or prostate cancer. <i>Methods</i>: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library and conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the correlation of PD with breast and/or prostate cancer risk. We identified 16 eligible articles from which odds ratios with 95% confident intervals were assessed as main measures in the pooled estimation. Subgroup analyses and cumulative meta-analysis were also performed. <i>Results</i>: Our results showed no PD risk associated with breast or prostate cancer in the overall population, which was supported by the results of cumulative meta-analyses. The subgroup analyses suggested no significant risk of breast or prostate cancer in patients with PD within relevant subsets, i.e. gender, ethnicity, PD diagnosis time or study design. No evidence of publication bias was observed across the involved studies. <i>Conclusions</i>: This meta-analysis indicates a lack of association between PD and risk of breast or prostate cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568855
title: Madrid cycle track: visualizing the cyclable city

description: ABSTRACTMaps are currently experiencing a paradigm shift from static representations to dynamic platforms that capture, visualize and analyse new data, bringing different possibilities for exploration and research. The first objective of this paper is to present a map that illustrates, for the first time, the real flow of casual cyclists and bike messengers in the city of Madrid. The second objective is to describe the development and results of the <i>Madrid Cycle Track</i> initiative, an online platform launched with the aim of collecting cycling routes and other information from volunteers. In the framework of this initiative, different online maps are presented and their functionalities described. Finally, a supplemental video visualizes the cyclist flow over the course of a day.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568857.v1
title: The link between Parkinson's disease and breast and prostate cancers: A meta-analysis

description: <i>Purpose</i>: Clinical observations have shown an increased morbidity for breast cancer or prostate cancer in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), however, other reports have noted contradictory results. This pooled analysis was utilized to test whether PD is associated with the risk of breast or prostate cancer. <i>Methods</i>: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library and conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the correlation of PD with breast and/or prostate cancer risk. We identified 16 eligible articles from which odds ratios with 95% confident intervals were assessed as main measures in the pooled estimation. Subgroup analyses and cumulative meta-analysis were also performed. <i>Results</i>: Our results showed no PD risk associated with breast or prostate cancer in the overall population, which was supported by the results of cumulative meta-analyses. The subgroup analyses suggested no significant risk of breast or prostate cancer in patients with PD within relevant subsets, i.e. gender, ethnicity, PD diagnosis time or study design. No evidence of publication bias was observed across the involved studies. <i>Conclusions</i>: This meta-analysis indicates a lack of association between PD and risk of breast or prostate cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568855.v1
title: Madrid cycle track: visualizing the cyclable city

description: ABSTRACTMaps are currently experiencing a paradigm shift from static representations to dynamic platforms that capture, visualize and analyse new data, bringing different possibilities for exploration and research. The first objective of this paper is to present a map that illustrates, for the first time, the real flow of casual cyclists and bike messengers in the city of Madrid. The second objective is to describe the development and results of the <i>Madrid Cycle Track</i> initiative, an online platform launched with the aim of collecting cycling routes and other information from volunteers. In the framework of this initiative, different online maps are presented and their functionalities described. Finally, a supplemental video visualizes the cyclist flow over the course of a day.