cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920781
title: Thermal Response of Three Strains of Hens Housed in a Cage-Free Aviary at the Amazon Rainforest

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the thermal response of three strains of hens housed in a cage-free system at the Amazon rainforest in order to evaluate how feather coverage influences thermal exchange with the environment. The experimental method was completely randomized and treatments comprised three strains of hens (Rhode Island Red (red feathers with feathers on the neck), alternative strain FCI (red feathers without feathers on the neck), and alternative strain FCIII (white feathers without feathers on the neck)), with 20 hens (replicates) analyzed per strain. Thermal images of each bird were captured in order to record the birds’ surface temperatures on five points in five targets. All data collected in this study were subjected to ANOVA and subsequently to the Tukey test at p≤0.01 and p≤0.05. The aviary’s left wall presented a lower average temperature, indicating lower heat accumulation, while the floor presented higher heat accumulation. FCIII hens (white feathers) presented higher (p&lt;0.05) heat accumulation on the head and legs, and lower (p&lt;0.05) heat accumulation on the neck and back in relation to other analyzed hens, indicating increased heat exchange efficiency and high concentration of this process in specific body areas. FCI and FCIII hens (without feathers on the neck) presented lower (p&lt;0.05) heat accumulation on the neck and higher (p&lt;0.05) heat accumulation on the head and legs, indicating that the feather coverage directly influenced heat exchange mechanisms, and an increased area without feathers provided great heat exchange zones for birds in a tropical climate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920586
title: AS TEORIAS DE CARTEIRA DE MARKOWITZ E DE SHARPE: UMA APLICAÇÃO NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO DE AÇÕES ENTRE JULHO/95 E JUNHO/2000

description: ABSTRACT Risk management is a crucial question and a challenge both to portfolio analysts and managers and to the academy. In 1952, Markowitz has presented the basis a what would be known as the Modern Portfolio Theory. In the next decade, based on Markowitz´s studies, Sharpe has developed a simplified model, called Single Index Model, whose application, because of the adoption of some simplification premises, became easier through a considerable reduction of the volume of required calculations. This work seeks to determine if the simplifications proposed by Sharpe´s model do significantly affect its results or, more specifically, if the portfolio optimization using both models - Markowitz´s original model and Sharpe´s Single Index Model - gives significantly different results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920586.v1
title: AS TEORIAS DE CARTEIRA DE MARKOWITZ E DE SHARPE: UMA APLICAÇÃO NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO DE AÇÕES ENTRE JULHO/95 E JUNHO/2000

description: ABSTRACT Risk management is a crucial question and a challenge both to portfolio analysts and managers and to the academy. In 1952, Markowitz has presented the basis a what would be known as the Modern Portfolio Theory. In the next decade, based on Markowitz´s studies, Sharpe has developed a simplified model, called Single Index Model, whose application, because of the adoption of some simplification premises, became easier through a considerable reduction of the volume of required calculations. This work seeks to determine if the simplifications proposed by Sharpe´s model do significantly affect its results or, more specifically, if the portfolio optimization using both models - Markowitz´s original model and Sharpe´s Single Index Model - gives significantly different results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920787
title: Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Arterial Hypertension in Industry Workers of State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

description: Abstract Background Hypertension is a serious and persistent public health problem and is one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases and general mortality. Objectives This study aimed to verify the prevalence and factors associated with systemic arterial hypertension in workers from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using the secondary data from 20,792 industry workers from 18 to 59 years of age. The presence of arterial hypertension was determined from systolic blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication. Factors investigated included demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, nutritional status, and family history characteristics. Poisson regression was used in multivariate analysis, adopting a significance level of p&lt;0.05. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results The sample included 12,349 men and 8,443 women with a mean age of 32.8 years (Standard Deviation = 9.8). The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 10.3% (95% CI: 9.8-10.7), which was significantly higher in men than in women (10.9% vs 9.4%; p = 0.001). Arterial hypertension was associated with increased age, a low level of education, living with a partner, being overweight or obese, and having at least one relative with a history of hypertension for both sexes. Women with better socioeconomic conditions presented a lower prevalence of hypertension. Conclusions The main factors associated with hypertension included sociodemographic, nutritional, and family history characteristics. In addition, socioeconomic conditions showed an association with the occurrence of hypertension, especially among women.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920787.v1
title: Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Arterial Hypertension in Industry Workers of State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

description: Abstract Background Hypertension is a serious and persistent public health problem and is one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases and general mortality. Objectives This study aimed to verify the prevalence and factors associated with systemic arterial hypertension in workers from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods This is a cross-sectional study using the secondary data from 20,792 industry workers from 18 to 59 years of age. The presence of arterial hypertension was determined from systolic blood pressure ≥ 140mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90mmHg or taking antihypertensive medication. Factors investigated included demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral, nutritional status, and family history characteristics. Poisson regression was used in multivariate analysis, adopting a significance level of p&lt;0.05. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results The sample included 12,349 men and 8,443 women with a mean age of 32.8 years (Standard Deviation = 9.8). The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 10.3% (95% CI: 9.8-10.7), which was significantly higher in men than in women (10.9% vs 9.4%; p = 0.001). Arterial hypertension was associated with increased age, a low level of education, living with a partner, being overweight or obese, and having at least one relative with a history of hypertension for both sexes. Women with better socioeconomic conditions presented a lower prevalence of hypertension. Conclusions The main factors associated with hypertension included sociodemographic, nutritional, and family history characteristics. In addition, socioeconomic conditions showed an association with the occurrence of hypertension, especially among women.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920789
title: Subfoveal choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer alterations in chronic heart failure patients

description: ABSTRACT Purpose: To comparatively evaluate the subfoveal choroidal thickness and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with chronic heart failure relative to control subjects. Methods: A total of 72 chronic heart failure patients and 40 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study. The patients were categorized into 2 groups: group 1: patients with 30-50% left ventricle ejection fraction and group 2: patients with the corresponding fraction value of &lt;30%. The subfoveal choroidal thickness and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were measured by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Results: The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 250.24 ± 68.34 µm in group 1 and 216.72 ± 71.24 µm in group 2, while it was 273.64 ± 77.68 µm in the control group. The differences among the 3 groups were statistically significant. The average peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses were 100.34 ± 8.24, 95.44 ± 6.67, and 102.34 ± 8.24 µm, respectively. No significant differences were noted in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses between group 1 and control group, but it was significantly lower in group 2. Conclusion: Our study thus revealed that the subfoveal choroidal thickness was lower in patients belonging to both the chronic heart failure groups in comparison to those in the control group. However, the alteration in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was noted in only patients with &lt;30% left ventricle ejection fraction. In the clinical practice, reductions in these values are correlated with decreased left ventricle ejection fraction, which may be important for the follow-up of chorioretinal diseases and the evaluation of glaucoma risks in patients with chronic heart failures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920789.v1
title: Subfoveal choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer alterations in chronic heart failure patients

description: ABSTRACT Purpose: To comparatively evaluate the subfoveal choroidal thickness and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with chronic heart failure relative to control subjects. Methods: A total of 72 chronic heart failure patients and 40 healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study. The patients were categorized into 2 groups: group 1: patients with 30-50% left ventricle ejection fraction and group 2: patients with the corresponding fraction value of &lt;30%. The subfoveal choroidal thickness and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were measured by spectral domain-optical coherence tomography. Results: The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness was 250.24 ± 68.34 µm in group 1 and 216.72 ± 71.24 µm in group 2, while it was 273.64 ± 77.68 µm in the control group. The differences among the 3 groups were statistically significant. The average peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses were 100.34 ± 8.24, 95.44 ± 6.67, and 102.34 ± 8.24 µm, respectively. No significant differences were noted in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses between group 1 and control group, but it was significantly lower in group 2. Conclusion: Our study thus revealed that the subfoveal choroidal thickness was lower in patients belonging to both the chronic heart failure groups in comparison to those in the control group. However, the alteration in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was noted in only patients with &lt;30% left ventricle ejection fraction. In the clinical practice, reductions in these values are correlated with decreased left ventricle ejection fraction, which may be important for the follow-up of chorioretinal diseases and the evaluation of glaucoma risks in patients with chronic heart failures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920790
title: Epidemiological features of meningiomas: a single Brazilian center’s experience with 993 cases

description: ABSTRACT Background: Meningiomas are the most frequent primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Their geographical and ethnic characteristics need to be known, in order to enable rational treatment. Objective: To investigate clinical and epidemiological aspects in a series of patients with meningiomas. Methods: Retrospective analysis on the demographic profile, location and histopathology of 993 patients with meningiomas (768 operated and 225 not operated). Results: Meningiomas represented 43.8% of the primary CNS tumors; 6.8% were multiple tumors (14.7% with neurofibromatosis 2) and 0.6% were radiation-induced tumors. The mean ages were 53.0 and 63.9 years for operated and non-operated patients and the female/male ratios were 3.2:1 and 6.3:1. Diagnosis was made later among females. The peak incidences were in the 6th and 7th decades respectively for operated and non-operated patients. The incidence was low at early ages and higher among patients aged 70+ years. The meningiomas were intracranial in 96.5% and most were WHO grade I (88.9%) and transitional. In the spinal canal (3.5%), they occurred mainly in the dorsal region (all grade I; mostly transitional). The racial distribution was 1.0% in Asian-Brazilians, 87% in Caucasians and 12% in African-Brazilians. 83.4% and 51.6% of the patients were estimated to be recurrence-free at 10 and 20 years, and the mortality rate was 3%. Conclusions: Most of the demographic data were similar to what has been observed in other western centers. Differences were higher incidence of meningiomas, female and older predominance in non-operated patients, predominance in Caucasian, and higher association with neurofibromatosis 2.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920790.v1
title: Epidemiological features of meningiomas: a single Brazilian center’s experience with 993 cases

description: ABSTRACT Background: Meningiomas are the most frequent primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. Their geographical and ethnic characteristics need to be known, in order to enable rational treatment. Objective: To investigate clinical and epidemiological aspects in a series of patients with meningiomas. Methods: Retrospective analysis on the demographic profile, location and histopathology of 993 patients with meningiomas (768 operated and 225 not operated). Results: Meningiomas represented 43.8% of the primary CNS tumors; 6.8% were multiple tumors (14.7% with neurofibromatosis 2) and 0.6% were radiation-induced tumors. The mean ages were 53.0 and 63.9 years for operated and non-operated patients and the female/male ratios were 3.2:1 and 6.3:1. Diagnosis was made later among females. The peak incidences were in the 6th and 7th decades respectively for operated and non-operated patients. The incidence was low at early ages and higher among patients aged 70+ years. The meningiomas were intracranial in 96.5% and most were WHO grade I (88.9%) and transitional. In the spinal canal (3.5%), they occurred mainly in the dorsal region (all grade I; mostly transitional). The racial distribution was 1.0% in Asian-Brazilians, 87% in Caucasians and 12% in African-Brazilians. 83.4% and 51.6% of the patients were estimated to be recurrence-free at 10 and 20 years, and the mortality rate was 3%. Conclusions: Most of the demographic data were similar to what has been observed in other western centers. Differences were higher incidence of meningiomas, female and older predominance in non-operated patients, predominance in Caucasian, and higher association with neurofibromatosis 2.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920792
title: Subproduct of the Wine Industry to Replace Forage for Feeding Confined Ovine

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of sheep receiving alternative food with grape pomace to replace roughage, as well as its impacts on the rumen environment. It was observed that BU had higher TOC, TRAM and pH of the ruminal liquid, while there was less TRU (P &lt; 0,05). As for the other parameters, no significant differences were found. In this study, just as the feeding time was not influenced due to the similarity of the concentrate: roughage ratio in the diet, the protozoan count did not change. This finding reinforces the possibility of using grape marc as a tool for formulating feed, reducing the risk of ruminal disturbances. It was observed that the group control had lower TRAM, indicating that the diet of this group promoted greater microbial activity and, consequently, greater digestibility, corroborating the already observed TOC. This result was the opposite of what was expected, since the grape pomace has probiotic properties, precisely because the fruits have more fungi and bacteria in their microbiota. This also confirms that the co-products of vitiviniculture can act as promoters of the intestinal health of ruminants, justifying further studies in order to improve this use. Therefore, the use of wine by-products is an alternative to reduce production costs, as its use in diets for confined sheep can improve the performance of the animals, increasing the total feed consumption and improving microbial activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920792.v1
title: Subproduct of the Wine Industry to Replace Forage for Feeding Confined Ovine

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ingestive behavior of sheep receiving alternative food with grape pomace to replace roughage, as well as its impacts on the rumen environment. It was observed that BU had higher TOC, TRAM and pH of the ruminal liquid, while there was less TRU (P &lt; 0,05). As for the other parameters, no significant differences were found. In this study, just as the feeding time was not influenced due to the similarity of the concentrate: roughage ratio in the diet, the protozoan count did not change. This finding reinforces the possibility of using grape marc as a tool for formulating feed, reducing the risk of ruminal disturbances. It was observed that the group control had lower TRAM, indicating that the diet of this group promoted greater microbial activity and, consequently, greater digestibility, corroborating the already observed TOC. This result was the opposite of what was expected, since the grape pomace has probiotic properties, precisely because the fruits have more fungi and bacteria in their microbiota. This also confirms that the co-products of vitiviniculture can act as promoters of the intestinal health of ruminants, justifying further studies in order to improve this use. Therefore, the use of wine by-products is an alternative to reduce production costs, as its use in diets for confined sheep can improve the performance of the animals, increasing the total feed consumption and improving microbial activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920793
title: Early nitrogen supplementation stimulates the nodulation and growth of common bean plants inoculated with rhizobium

description: ABSTRACT The initial development of the common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) that rely on symbiotic nitrogen (N) can be limited when active N2 fixation is delayed. Thus, adequate plant growth with rhizobium inoculation could require supplemental mineral N, which in turn may inhibit the symbiosis. Five experiments were performed using hydroponics to identify the initiation of nodulation and nitrogenase activity in common bean cultivars, and effects of mineral N addition on plant nodulation and growth. Three experiments evaluated the initial growth of five inoculated bean cultivars in the absence or presence of mineral N, while two experiments evaluated the effect of mineral N addition until the beginning of the reproductive stage. The first root nodules appeared 10 days after transplanting (DAT), while nitrogenase activity was initiated at 11 DAT. Large seed cultivars had lower levels of initial nodulation and nitrogenase activity than those of small seeds. Inoculated plants showed limited shoot growth that lasted until 21-25 DAT relative to the inoculated plants that received mineral N. Moreover, adding mineral N greatly reduced the nodule mass more than the nodule number, and caused an even greater reduction in nitrogenase activity. Mineral N that was applied until 15 DAT enhanced nodulation and nitrogenase activity without limiting shoot growth relative to the plants that received N throughout their growth. In contrast, plants that received N after 15 DAT had lower levels of nodule mass and nitrogenase activity than those of the plants that were only inoculated. Hence, these results indicate that symbiotic N was not sufficient for an adequate initial growth of the common beans. Therefore, some supplemental N is necessary, which should be added at sowing to stimulate plant growth without inhibiting further nodulation and N fixation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920793.v1
title: Early nitrogen supplementation stimulates the nodulation and growth of common bean plants inoculated with rhizobium

description: ABSTRACT The initial development of the common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) that rely on symbiotic nitrogen (N) can be limited when active N2 fixation is delayed. Thus, adequate plant growth with rhizobium inoculation could require supplemental mineral N, which in turn may inhibit the symbiosis. Five experiments were performed using hydroponics to identify the initiation of nodulation and nitrogenase activity in common bean cultivars, and effects of mineral N addition on plant nodulation and growth. Three experiments evaluated the initial growth of five inoculated bean cultivars in the absence or presence of mineral N, while two experiments evaluated the effect of mineral N addition until the beginning of the reproductive stage. The first root nodules appeared 10 days after transplanting (DAT), while nitrogenase activity was initiated at 11 DAT. Large seed cultivars had lower levels of initial nodulation and nitrogenase activity than those of small seeds. Inoculated plants showed limited shoot growth that lasted until 21-25 DAT relative to the inoculated plants that received mineral N. Moreover, adding mineral N greatly reduced the nodule mass more than the nodule number, and caused an even greater reduction in nitrogenase activity. Mineral N that was applied until 15 DAT enhanced nodulation and nitrogenase activity without limiting shoot growth relative to the plants that received N throughout their growth. In contrast, plants that received N after 15 DAT had lower levels of nodule mass and nitrogenase activity than those of the plants that were only inoculated. Hence, these results indicate that symbiotic N was not sufficient for an adequate initial growth of the common beans. Therefore, some supplemental N is necessary, which should be added at sowing to stimulate plant growth without inhibiting further nodulation and N fixation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19920804
title: Mesenchymal Stem cells in the context of canine atopic dermatitis: A Review

description: ABSTRACT Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and has a high frequency among dermatological diseases. The interaction of genetic factors, skin and environmental conditions affect the expression of the disease, developing a complex pathology. Current multimodal treatment has numerous adverse effects and variations in its efficacy and safety, demonstrating the need to develop safe and effective therapeutic resources for patients with CAD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, with special characteristics, such as self-renewal, immunomodulatory properties, and de-differentiation, making them useful for several clinical problems. The discovery of the immunosuppressive effect of MSCs on T cells has opened the potential for new perspectives with its use as a therapeutic agent for immune diseases, such as CAD. The scarce number of research using the MSC as a treatment for CAD result in the lack of knowledge about the benefits and possible protocols to be followed for the use of this cell therapy. In this review, we highlighted the clinical studies and potential biological mechanisms of MSC-based cell therapy effects attenuating canine atopic dermatitis compared to conventional treatment, which might lead to a safe improvement of the animal’s clinical condition in a short period without causing adverse effects.