DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wpzgmsbtq
title: Data from: Integrating variation in bacterial-fungal co-occurrence network with soil carbon dynamics

description: Bacteria and fungi are core microorganisms in diverse ecosystems, and
 their cross-kingdom interactions are considered key determinants of
 microbiome structure and ecosystem functioning. However, how
 bacterial-fungal interactions mediate soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics
 remains largely unexplored in the context of artificial forest ecosystems.
 Here, we characterized soil bacterial and fungal communities in four
 successive planting of Eucalyptus and compared them to a neighboring
 evergreen broadleaf forest. Carbon (C) mineralization combined with five
 C-degrading enzymatic activities was investigated to determine the effects
 of successive planting of Eucalyptus on SOC dynamics. Our results
 indicated that successive planting of Eucalyptus significantly altered the
 diversity and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities and
 increased the negative bacterial-fungal associations. The bacterial
 diversity significantly decreased in all Eucalyptus plantations compared
 to the evergreen forest, while the fungal diversity showed the opposite
 trend. The ratio of negative bacterial-fungal associations increased with
 successive planting of Eucalyptus due to the decrease in SOC, ammonia
 nitrogen (NH4+−N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−−N), and available phosphorus
 (AP). Structural equation modeling indicated that the potential
 cross-kingdom competition, based on the ratio of negative bacterial-fungal
 correlations, was significantly negatively associated with the diversity
 of total bacteria and keystone bacteria, thereby increasing C-degrading
 enzymatic activities and C mineralization. Synthesis and applications: Our
 results highlight the regulatory role of the negative bacterial-fungal
 association in enhancing the correlation between bacterial diversity and C
 mineralization. This suggests that promoting short-term successive
 planting in the management of Eucalyptus plantations can mitigate the
 impact of this association on SOC decomposition. Taken together, our study
 advances the understanding of bacterial-fungal negative associations to
 mediate carbon mineralization in Eucalyptus plantations, giving us a new
 insight into SOC cycling dynamics in artificial forests.
description: The experimental site is located in the
 state-owned Daguishan Forest Farm in Hezhou City, Guangxi Zhuang
 Autonomous Region, China (111°20’5’’E, 23°58’33’’N). The mean annual
 temperature in this area is 19.3℃, with mean annual precipitation and evaporation
 of 2,056 mm and 1,200 mm, respectively. The soil type is classified as red
 soil (i.e., ferralsols). A total of 12 plots (20 m wide × 30 m long) were
 established to collect soil samples in triplicate representing four
 generations of <em>Eucalyptus </em>plantation. In each treatment, the
 <em>Eucalyptus</em> trees were at the same stage of development
 (i.e., 4 years after planting). The treatments included the first
 generation (PrG) of<em>
 </em><em>Eucalyptus </em>reforestation, the second generation (SeG)
 regenerating after the PrG was cut, the third generation (ThG)
 regenerating after the SeG, and the fourth generation (FoG) regenerating
 after the ThG. An evergreen broadleaf forest with three adjacent plots was
 selected as the control (CK), which was a precursor to
 the<em> Eucalyptus</em>
 plantation. All the plots were located within a 5
 km<sup>2</sup> area. The<em> Eucalyptus</em> species planted in these plots was a hybrid
 of<em> Eucalyptus
 urophylla S.T. Blake ×
 Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex
 Maiden </em>(<em>Eucalyptus
 urograndis</em>).
description: The data is for the manuscript "Integrating variation in
 bacterial-fungal co-occurrence network with soil carbon dynamics".
 Author: Lijun Chen, Francisco Dini-Andreote, Hongqiang Liu, Huaxiang Wang,
 Alex Dumbrell, Zhengye Wang, Xingyu Chen, Fangfang Chen, Xiaolong
 Chen，Lichao Wu, Yuji Jiang* *Email of corresponding author:
 yjjiang@issas.ac.cn *** In the "soil_properties"data, the
 meaning of each cloumn is below: "pH" is the soil pH determined
 with a soil:water ratio of 1:2.5. "NH4+−N" is the soil ammonium
 nitrogen content. The unit is milligram per kilogram. "NO3−−N"
 is the soil nitrate nitrogen content. The unit is milligram per kilogram.
 "TN" is the soil total nitrogen content. The unit is gram per
 kilogram. "TP" is the soil total phosphorus content. The unit is
 gram per kilogram. "TK" is the soil total potassium content. The
 unit is gram per kilogram. "AP" is the soil available phosphorus
 content. The unit is milligram per kilogram. "AK" is the soil
 available potassium content. The unit is milligram per kilogram.
 "CEC" is the soil cation exchange capacity. The unit is
 centimole per kilogram. "BD" is the soil bulk density. The unit
 is gram per cubic centimetre. "Pt" is the soil total porosity.
 The unit is %. "Pa" is the soil aeration porosity. The unit is
 %. *** In the "SOC_Carbonmineralization" data, the meaning of
 each cloumn is below: "SOC" is the soil organic carbon content.
 The unit is gram per kilogram. "Carbon mineralization" is the
 soil carbon mineralization rate. The unit is milligram carbon per kilogram
 soil per hour. *** In the "Mocrobial_biomass" data, the meaning
 of each cloumn is below: "MBC" is the soil microbial biomass
 carbon. The unit is milligram per kilogram. "MBN" is the soil
 microbial biomass nitrogen. The unit is milligram per kilogram.
 "MBP" is the soil microbial biomass phosphorus. The unit is
 milligram per kilogram. *** In the "Soil_enzymatic_activity"
 data, the meaning of each cloumn is below: "Units" is the unit
 for each enzyme. "β-glucosidase" represent the activity of soil
 β-1,4-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21). "β-xylosidase" represent the
 activity of soil β-xylosidase (EC 3.2.1.37). "Acid phosphatase"
 represent the activity of soil acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2).
 "N-acetyl glucosaminidase" represent the activity of soil
 β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (EC 3.1.6.1). "Sucrase" represent the
 activity of soil sucrase (EC 3.2.1.26). "Total" is the
 arithmetic sum of the above five ezymatic activity. *** "CK1",
 "CK2" and "CK3" are replicaties of evergreen broadleaf
 forest control (CK) in the field experiment. "PrG1",
 "PrG2" and "PrG3" are replicaties of the first
 generation (PrG) of Eucalyptus reforestation in the field experiment.
 "SeG1", "SeG2" and "SeG3" are replicaties of
 the second generation (SeG) of Eucalyptus reforestation in the field
 experiment. "ThG1", "ThG2" and "ThG3" are
 replicaties of the third generation (ThG) of Eucalyptus reforestation in
 the field experiment. "FoG1", "FoG2" and
 "FoG3" are replicaties of the forth generation (FoG) of
 Eucalyptus reforestation in the field experiment.