DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j6q573nq9
title: Data from: Suppression of plant resistance may be a common trait among adapted herbivores

description: Herbivores have evolved distinct strategies to cope with plant defences
 prior to becoming a pest. Some evolved resistance to toxic compounds,
 others suppress host toxin production. These traits seem to co-occur
 within herbivore species, particularly among spider mites, which are a
 priority pest in many crops. The intraspecific variation within the spider
 mites is a model for adaptive pest evolution on crops such as tomato.
 Empirical data collected from non-solanaceous wild host plants suggests
 that natural populations predominantly comprise individuals capable of
 inducing tomato defences, while a small proportion suppress these
 defences. Additionally, resistant individuals are observed only rarely
 within these populations. This study aims to investigate the presence of
 these traits within populations adapted to tomato plants.
 Here, Tetranychus urticae populations sampled from tomato at
 three field sites were compared. To discriminate between mites that
 induce/suppress defences and to assess their degree of resistance, the
 magnitude of induced defences was measured and aligned with oviposition
 data. The expression of effector 84 was also assessed, to determine if its
 magnitude of expression is a good predictor of suppression with the
 magnitude of suppression. Surprisingly we observed that  that
 suppression is the dominant phenotype in mite populations collected from
 field-grown tomatoes. Our results suggest that suppression may be rare
 only at the beginning of an herbivore's adaptive trajectory after
 colonization of a novel host but may rapidly become common due to natural
 selection. This suggests the possibility that suppression potentially
 represent a prevalent phenotype among host-adapted herbivores and,
 consequently among pests.
description: # Data from: Suppression of plant resistance may be a common trait among
 adapted herbivores Datasets are divided into Figures. For example,
 "Figure1A_B & Figure 2A.txt" comprises the data used for
 Figures 1A, 1 B, and 2A. ## Description of the Data and file structure For
 each data set the column's names will be detailed below. For all the
 data sets, NA referees to missing data and: * C stands for clean plants, *
 I stands for plants infested with the benchmark inducer control * S stands
 for plants infested with the benchmark suppressor control * Tu_O for
 plants infested with the T. urticae outbred population * DEF for plants
 infested with the T. urticae DEF population * ALP for plants infested
 with the T. urticae ALP population * MON for plants infested with the T.
 urticae MON population ### "Figure1A\_B & Figure 2A.txt" *
 block - Experimental block * qpcrtime - time point of experiment in which
 gene expression was measured (t4 - four days after first infestation; t6 -
 six days after first infestation) * plant - plant number * variety - Plant
 variety (CM = WT or def1= def-1) * Pop - Control: control benchmarks
 (inducer, suppressor or clean plants); Te: Populations of the species *T.
 evansi*; Tu: Populations of the species *T. urticae* * treatment - Mite
 population (T. urticae inducer benchmark, T. evansi suppressor benchmark,
 T. urticae outbred, ALP, DEF or MON) * survfemales_1 - females that
 survived in the end of the first infestation (t4) * totalfemales_1 - total
 number of females (alive and dead) in the end of the first infestation
 (t4) * eggs_1 - eggs oviposited by the females of the first infestation *
 survfemales_2 - females that survived in the end of the second infestation
 (t6) * totalfemales_2 - total number of females (alive and dead) in the
 end of the second infestation (t6) * eggs_2 - eggs oviposited by the
 females of the second infestation * survmean_1 - average female survival;
 results from: survmean=(survfemales_1+totalfemales)/2 * eggsp - Eggs per
 female (Fecundity); results from: eggsp=(eggs_1/survmean_1) * survmean_2 -
 average female survival; results from: survmean=(survfemales_2+3)/2 *
 eggsc - Eggs per female (Fecundity) of competitor; results from:
 (eggs_2/survmean_2) ### "Figure1C.txt" * block - Experimental
 block * sample - plant number (equivalent to plant in "Figure1A_B
 & Figure 2A.txt") * Pop - Control: control benchmarks (inducer,
 suppressor or clean plants); Te: Populations of the species *T. evansi*;
 Tu: Populations of the species *T. urticae* * target - target gene
 (salivary effector 84 - eff84) * treatment - Mite population (T. urticae
 inducer benchmark, T. evansi suppressor benchmark, T. urticae outbred,
 ALP, DEF or MON) * mean - expression before normalization * norm.exp -
 Normalized expression effectors * scaled - Normalized expression effectors
 scaled to the minimum mean ### "Figure 1D\_E\_F & Figure
 2B\_C\_D.txt" * block - Experimental block * sample - plant number
 (equivalent to plant in "Figure1A_B & Figure 2A.txt") * Pop
 - Control: control benchmarks (inducer, suppressor or clean plants); Te:
 Populations of the species *T. evansi*; Tu: Populations of the species *T.
 urticae* * type - mix or mite, depending if the extraction was perform
 from a mix of plant and mites ou just from mites. In the paper, only the
 mix was considered. * plant - plant number identifier * gene -  target
 gene (IIc - WIPII_IIc; IIf - WIPI-IIf; PR-1a) * target - target gene (IIc
 - WIPII_IIc; IIf - WIPI-IIf; PR-1a) * qpcrtime - time point of experiment
 in which gene expression was measured (t4 - four days after first
 infestation; t6 - six days after first infestation) * treatment - Mite
 population (T. urticae inducer benchmark, T. evansi suppressor benchmark,
 T. urticae outbred, ALP, DEF or MON) * mean - expression before
 normalization * norm.exp - Normalized expression * scaled - Normalized
 expression scaled to the minimum mean