DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pk0p2ngwc
title: Correlation between estimated pulse wave velocity values from two equations in healthy and under cardiovascular risk populations

description: Introduction : Equations can calculate pulse wave velocity (ePWV) from
 blood pressure values (BP) and age. The ePWV predicts cardiovascular
 events beyond carotid-femoral PWV. We aimed to evaluate the correlation
 between four different equations to calculate ePWV. Methods: The
 ePWV was estimated utilizing mean BP (MBP) from office BP (MBPOBP) or
 24-hour ambulatory BP (MBP24-hBP). We separated the whole sample into two
 groups: individuals with risk factors and healthy individuals. The e-PWV
 was calculated as follows:   We calculated the concordance
 correlation coefficient (Pc) between e1-PWVOBP vs e2-PWVOBP, e1-PWV24-hBP
 vs e2-PWV24-hBP, and mean values of e1-PWVOBP, e2-PWVOBP, e1-PWV24-hBP,
 and e2-PWV24-hBP . The multilevel regression model determined how much the
 ePWVs are influenced by age and MBP values. Results:  We analyzed
 data from 1541 individuals; 1374 ones with risk factors and 167 healthy
 ones. The values are presented for the entire sample, for risk-factor
 patients and for healthy individuals, respectively. The correlation
 between e1-PWVOBP with e2-PWVOBP and e1-PWV24-hBP with e2-PWV24-hBP was
 almost perfect. The Pc for e1-PWVOBP vs e2-PWVOBP was 0.996 (0.995-0.996),
 0.996 (0.995-0.996), and 0.994 (0.992-0.995); furthermore, it was 0.994
 (0.993-0.995), 0.994 (0.994-0.995), 0.987 (0.983-0.990) to the
 e1-PWV24-hBP vs e2-PWV24-hBP. There were no significant differences
 between mean values (m/s) for e1-PWVOBP vs e2-PWVOBP 8.98±1.9 vs 8.97±1.8;
 p=0.88, 9.14±1.8 vs 9.13±1.8; p=0.88, and 7.57±1.3 vs 7.65±1.3; p=0.5;
 mean values are also similar for e1-PWV24-hBP vs e2-PWV24-hBP, 8.36±1.7 vs
 8.46±1.6; p=0.09, 8.50±1.7 vs 8.58±1.7; p=0.21 and 7.26±1.3 vs 7.39±1.2;
 p=0.34. The multiple linear regression showed that age, MBP, and age²
 predicted more than 99.5% of all four e-PWV. Conclusion: Our data
 presents a nearly perfect correlation between the values of two equations
 to calculate the estimated PWV, whether utilizing office or ambulatory
 blood pressure.
description: This study is a secondary analysis of data obtained from two
 cross-sectional studies conducted at a specialized center in Brazil to
 diagnose and treat non-communicable diseases. In both studies, the
 inclusion criteria were adults aged 18 years and above, referred to
 undergo ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) due to suspected
 non-treated or uncontrolled hypertension following initial blood pressure
 measurements by a physician. The combined databases included 1541 people.
 For the first database, we recruited participants between 28 January and
 13 December 2013, and for the second database, between 23 January 2016 and
 28 June 2019.  Prior to being fitted with an AMBP
 device and assisted by a trained nurse, all participants signed a written
 consent form to partake in the research. Later, the nurse collected
 demographic and clinical data, including any previous reports of clinical
 cardiovascular disease (CVD), acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary
 syndrome, coronary or other arterial revascularization, stroke, transient
 ischemic attack, aortic aneurysm, peripheral artery disease and severe
 chronic kidney disease (CKD). All subjects had their BP, weight, height,
 and waist circumference measured and their body mass index (BMI)
 calculated. Although the ePWV data from the Reference
 Values for Arterial Stiffness Collaboration originated from cohorts
 lacking established cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, or
 diabetes, we included diabetes, CVD, CKD, smokers, and obese individuals.
 This choice reflects a sample that more closely resembles what can be seen
 in everyday Brazilian physician appointments. The study
 population was divided into two groups: healthy individuals and those with
 risk factors. Healthy individuals did not present any risk factors and a
 non-elevated BP (&lt;140 and 90 mmHg). Conversely, the group with risk
 factors consisted of individuals with elevated BP (≥140 and-or 90 mmHg) or
 at least one risk factor, such as previous hypertension, dyslipidemia,
 diabetes, smoking, body obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), or an increased waist
 circumference at risk (waist circumference &gt; 102 cm in males and
 &gt; 88 cm in females). <strong>Blood
 pressure measurement and ambulatory blood pressure
 monitoring</strong> During the data collection
 for both studies, office BP (OBP) measurements were conducted following
 recommended guidelines to ensure accurate pressure values. In the first
 database, a nurse performed seven consecutive BP measurements utilizing a
 Microlife device BP3BTOA (Onbo Electronic Co, Shenzhen, China). In the
 second database, a nurse assistant operated a Microlife device model
 BP3AC1-1PC (Onbo Electronic Co, Shenzhen, China). This device operated on
 Microlife Average Mode which takes three measurements in succession and
 calculates the average BP value. The assistant took two sets of three BP
 measurements sequentially. All individuals registered
 twenty-four hours of ABPM using a Dyna-Mapa / Mobil-O-Graph-NG monitor
 (Cardios, São Paulo, Brazil), equipped with an appropriately-sized cuff on
 their non-dominant arm. The readings were taken every 20 minutes during
 the day and every 30 minutes during the night, here understood as the
 period between going to bed and waking up. We respected all recommended
 protocols strictly to ensure quality recordings.
 <strong>Calculation of estimated pulse wave
 velocity</strong> The ePWV was calculated using
 the equations derived from the Reference Values for Arterial Stiffness
 Collaboration, incorporating age and MBP as follows:  
 MBP was also calculated as diastolic BP+ 0.4*(systolic
 BP/diastolic BP). Thus, the values of e1-PWV and e2-PWV were obtained for
 the total sample, as well as separately for the groups comprising healthy
 individuals and those with risk factors. We used MBP from OBP
 (MBP<sub>OBP</sub>) to calculate
 e1-PWV<sub>OBP</sub> and e2-PWV<sub>OBP</sub>, and
 MBP of twenty hours BP average (MBP<sub>24-hBP</sub>) to
 e1-PWV<sub>24-hBP </sub>and
 e2-PWV<sub>24-hBP.</sub> The Human Research
 Ethics Committee of Sirio Libanes Hospital and Federal University of the
 Triângulo Mineiro, provided ethical approval for data collection under
 protocol numbers 08930813.0.0000.5461 (first database) and
 61985316.9.0000.5154 (second database), respectively.
description: # ePWV\_PLOS\_ONE Give a
 brief summary of dataset contents, contextualized in experimental
 procedures and results. ## Description of the data and file structure The
 database includes variables from two other databases. We collected only
 the interest variables of the manuscript from them. The ePWV_PLOS_ONE
 database presents all the data described in the paper. We used Microsoft
 Excel Worksheet version 2013 to include the data. The spreadsheet has 36
 columns (A to AI) and 1542 rows (2 to 1542). The ePWV_PLOS_ONE contains
 two spreadsheets, DATABASE and LEGENDS. DATABASE presents all data from
 1541 subjects. The LEGENDS spreadsheet describes the meaning of variable
 abbreviations. ## Sharing/Access information Data was derived from the
 following sources: * see Related Works ## Code/Software n/a