cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438022
title: Violence against women in Niterói/RJ: data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (2010 to 2014)

description: Abstract Background Violence against women is a violation of human rights and a public health problem. Objective To analyze surveillance reports of violence against women (aged 10 years or more), living in Niterói, RJ, from 2010 to 2014. Method Descriptive study based on case series was carried out. Case reports and population estimates were provided, respectively, by the National Surveillance Information System (SINAN) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health (DATASUS). Incidence rates and proportions were calculated according to violence related characteristics. Results There were 307 reported cases of violence with incidence rate 26.2 per 100 thousand in the period studied decreased with age. Data incompleteness ranged from zero to 65%. Physical violence (n=186) was the most frequent type, followed by psychological (n=121), sexual (n=96) and negligence (n=64). Adolescents were the main victim of sexual violence (56.3%). Husband, ex-husband, boyfriend or ex-boyfriend were perpetrators in 42.6% of physical assaults, denoting the occurrence of violence between intimate partners. Mother was considered as the perpetrator in 50.7% of negligence cases, reflecting lack of sharing and female burden related to raising children alone. Conclusion Interpersonal/self-induced violence surveillance allow individual interventions and provide data for policy development towards prevention of violence against women.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438031.v1
title: Available Phosphorus Levels in Diets for Muscovy Ducks in Housing

description: ABSTRACT The present study aimed to determine ideal levels of available phosphorus for muscovy ducks in housing. Two hundred and forty muscovy ducks of creole lineage were used, distributed in boxes with water and food ad libitum. The experimental design was completely randomized with treatments consisting of six nutritional plans that included the initial, growth and termination phases and differed in relation to available phosphorus levels, and four replicates of 10 muscovy ducks each. The birds had weekly performance evaluations, and after 90 days, eight birds (four males and four females) in each treatment were slaughtered for evaluation of carcass traits. Data collected were subjected to Tukey test at 5% of significance. Differences were not observed (p&gt;0.05) in performance. Higher available phosphorus levels presented a positive influence (p&lt;0.05) on carcass. Results presented differences (p&lt;0.05) among sexes for carcass development and commercial cuts, with better feed efficiency of males than females in same period. For mineral composition, differences (p&lt;0.05) were observed to calcium (%), phosphorus (%) and Ca:Pratio. The present study indicates that nutritional plan 2 (initial = 0.60%; growth = 0.55% and termination = 0.50%) presented ideal nutritional requirement of available phosphorus for muscovy ducks in housing, with better carcass development and mineral deposition on bones.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438019
title: Is there concordance between bone and tendon cultures in patients with foot tissue loss?

description: Abstract Background Deep infections of the extremities are a challenge that threaten limb salvage. Objectives To investigate whether the results of bone and deep tissue cultures from patients with trophic limb ulcers coincide. Methods A retrospective study was conducted with data from 54 patients with deep trophic limb ulcers admitted to the Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Salvador (BA), Brazil. The study analyzed all patients for whom cultures of material from foot wounds in patients with tissue loss had been performed using two specimen types: bone and fragments of deep tendon. The study analyzed concordance between the two sample types and total number of microorganisms and numbers of microorganisms by Gram staining in both samples. Results The mean age of the 54 patients in the sample was 63.6 years, 80% had PAOD, 70% were diabetic, and 72% were hypertensive. Analysis of the cultures showed that 28 (52%) pairs of samples from the 54 patients exhibited complete concordance, with the same microorganisms grown from fragments of deep tendon and bone. There was partial disagreement in 13 samples (24%) and total disagreement in 13 (24%). On average, 1.62 microorganisms were isolated from deep tendon fragments and 1.72 were isolated from bone samples. Analyzing Gram-positive microorganisms separately, the mean number of species grown was 0.48 for tendon cultures and 0.44 for bone cultures. In contrast, the mean number of Gram-negative microorganisms isolated was 1.14 for tendon samples and 1.27 for bone samples. Conclusions Around half of the patients with foot tissue loss had bone and tendon cultures that coincided exactly.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438022.v1
title: Violence against women in Niterói/RJ: data from the Violence and Accident Surveillance System (2010 to 2014)

description: Abstract Background Violence against women is a violation of human rights and a public health problem. Objective To analyze surveillance reports of violence against women (aged 10 years or more), living in Niterói, RJ, from 2010 to 2014. Method Descriptive study based on case series was carried out. Case reports and population estimates were provided, respectively, by the National Surveillance Information System (SINAN) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health (DATASUS). Incidence rates and proportions were calculated according to violence related characteristics. Results There were 307 reported cases of violence with incidence rate 26.2 per 100 thousand in the period studied decreased with age. Data incompleteness ranged from zero to 65%. Physical violence (n=186) was the most frequent type, followed by psychological (n=121), sexual (n=96) and negligence (n=64). Adolescents were the main victim of sexual violence (56.3%). Husband, ex-husband, boyfriend or ex-boyfriend were perpetrators in 42.6% of physical assaults, denoting the occurrence of violence between intimate partners. Mother was considered as the perpetrator in 50.7% of negligence cases, reflecting lack of sharing and female burden related to raising children alone. Conclusion Interpersonal/self-induced violence surveillance allow individual interventions and provide data for policy development towards prevention of violence against women.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438025
title: Dyslipidemia in children and adolescents of the municipality of Marau-RS

description: Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are considered one of the main health conditions nowadays. The lipid profile of children and adolescents is directly associated with the prevalence of coronary disease in adults, since the atherosclerotic process begins to develop in youth and progresses in adult life. Objective To evaluate the lipid profile of children and adolescents in the city of Marau-RS. Method A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate the lipid profile of children and adolescents aged 1 to 19 years, from April 2016 to July 2017, a total of 272 patients. Results Among the patients analyzed, 34.7% presented hypercholesterolemia, 56.7% had below-desirable HDL levels, 16% had increased LDL levels and 16% had hypertriglyceridemia. Statistical analysis of the results shows a significantly higher concentration of total cholesterol, HDL and Triglycerides in girls when compared to boys. Conclusion The high percentage of dyslipidemia in childhood points to the need to implement public policies for the prevention of juvenile dyslipidemia. Thus minimizing cardiovascular diseases related to adult life in the population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438028.v1
title: Mutational landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in a South Asian population

description: Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer type globally and contributes significantly to burden of disease in South Asia. In Pakistan, HNSCC is among the most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and females. The increasing regional burden of HNSCC along with a unique set of risk factors merited a deeper investigation of the disease at the genomic level. Whole exome sequencing of HNSCC samples and matched normal genomic DNA analysis (n=7) was performed. Significant somatic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were identified and pathway analysis performed to determine frequently affected signaling pathways. We identified significant, novel recurrent mutations in ASNS (asparagine synthetase) that may affect substrate binding, and variants in driver genes including TP53, PIK3CA, FGFR2, ARID2, MLL3, MYC and ALK. Using the IntOGen platform, we identified MAP kinase, cell cycle, actin cytoskeleton regulation, PI3K-Akt signaling and other pathways in cancer as affected in the samples. This data is the first of its kind from the Pakistani population. The results of this study can guide a better mechanistic understanding of HNSCC in the population, ultimately contributing new, rational therapeutic targets for the treatment of the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438019.v1
title: Is there concordance between bone and tendon cultures in patients with foot tissue loss?

description: Abstract Background Deep infections of the extremities are a challenge that threaten limb salvage. Objectives To investigate whether the results of bone and deep tissue cultures from patients with trophic limb ulcers coincide. Methods A retrospective study was conducted with data from 54 patients with deep trophic limb ulcers admitted to the Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Salvador (BA), Brazil. The study analyzed all patients for whom cultures of material from foot wounds in patients with tissue loss had been performed using two specimen types: bone and fragments of deep tendon. The study analyzed concordance between the two sample types and total number of microorganisms and numbers of microorganisms by Gram staining in both samples. Results The mean age of the 54 patients in the sample was 63.6 years, 80% had PAOD, 70% were diabetic, and 72% were hypertensive. Analysis of the cultures showed that 28 (52%) pairs of samples from the 54 patients exhibited complete concordance, with the same microorganisms grown from fragments of deep tendon and bone. There was partial disagreement in 13 samples (24%) and total disagreement in 13 (24%). On average, 1.62 microorganisms were isolated from deep tendon fragments and 1.72 were isolated from bone samples. Analyzing Gram-positive microorganisms separately, the mean number of species grown was 0.48 for tendon cultures and 0.44 for bone cultures. In contrast, the mean number of Gram-negative microorganisms isolated was 1.14 for tendon samples and 1.27 for bone samples. Conclusions Around half of the patients with foot tissue loss had bone and tendon cultures that coincided exactly.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438016
title: Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation on Kidney Function

description: Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently present in patients with aortic valve disease. Decreased kidney perfusion as a consequence of reduced cardiac output may contribute to renal dysfunction in this setting. Objective: Given the potential reversibility of kidney hypoperfusion after valve repair, this study aimed to analyze the impact of percutaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on kidney function. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 233 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI in a single center between November 2008 and May 2016. We assessed three groups according to their baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (mL/min/1.73 m2): Group 1 with eGFR ≥ 60; Group 2 with 30 ≤ eGFR &lt; 60; and Group 3 with eGFR &lt; 30. We analyzed the eGFR one month and one year after TAVI in these three groups, using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula to calculate it. Results: Patients from Group 1 had a progressive decline in eGFR one year after the TAVI procedure (p &lt; 0.001 vs. pre-TAVI). In Group 2 patients, the mean eGFR increased one month after TAVI and continued to grow after one year (p = 0.001 vs. pre-TAVI). The same occurred in Group 3, with the mean eGFR increasing from 24.4 ± 5.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 before TAVI to 38.4 ± 18.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 one year after TAVI (p = 0.012). Conclusions: For patients with moderate-to-severe CKD, kidney function improved one year after the TAVI procedure. This outcome is probably due to better kidney perfusion post-procedure. We believe that when evaluating patients that might need TAVI, this ‘reversibility of CKD effect’ should be considered.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438013
title: Effect of Dietary Curcumin on the Antioxidant Status of Laying Hens under High-Temperature Conditions

description: ABSTRACT Heat stress induces oxidative stress, and reduces body antioxidant metabolite levels, which can affect poultry production performance. Dietary antioxidants protect birds against the adverse effects of heat stress. The effects of increasing concentrations of dietary curcumin on the antioxidant parameters of layers maintained under high-temperature conditions for nine weeks were evaluated. Roman laying hens (n = 336, 22 weeks old, 1420 g BW) were divided into three treatment groups. The first group served as a thermoneutral control (kept at 25 ± 1 °C). The second group was exposed to high temperatures (32 ± 1 °C, 6 h/d), given a basal diet. The third group was further divided into five treatment groups (100, 150, 200, 250, 300 mg/kg Curcumin) fed a basal diet (treatments H1, H2, H3, H4, H5) under high temperatures conditions (32 ± 1 °C, 6 hours/day). As a result of this study, total superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher in H2 and H3 groups, and total antioxidant capacity was higher in H2, H3, and H5 groups. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher in the H3 group. Malondialdehyde concentration was lowered in curcumin supplemented hens compared with control groups hens. Laying hens in all curcumin treatment groups had slightly higher activities of CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC in the liver, heart, and lungs, compared with heat stressed control group. It was concluded that dietary curcumin given to laying hens under heat stress may enhance their antioxidant status, and alleviate the detrimental effects of stressful environmental conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438025.v1
title: Dyslipidemia in children and adolescents of the municipality of Marau-RS

description: Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases are considered one of the main health conditions nowadays. The lipid profile of children and adolescents is directly associated with the prevalence of coronary disease in adults, since the atherosclerotic process begins to develop in youth and progresses in adult life. Objective To evaluate the lipid profile of children and adolescents in the city of Marau-RS. Method A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate the lipid profile of children and adolescents aged 1 to 19 years, from April 2016 to July 2017, a total of 272 patients. Results Among the patients analyzed, 34.7% presented hypercholesterolemia, 56.7% had below-desirable HDL levels, 16% had increased LDL levels and 16% had hypertriglyceridemia. Statistical analysis of the results shows a significantly higher concentration of total cholesterol, HDL and Triglycerides in girls when compared to boys. Conclusion The high percentage of dyslipidemia in childhood points to the need to implement public policies for the prevention of juvenile dyslipidemia. Thus minimizing cardiovascular diseases related to adult life in the population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438004
title: Two methods for solving electrostatic problems with azimuthal symmetry

description: Abstract The study of electrostatic phenomena is the gateway to the physics described by Classical Electrodynamics. In this paper, we discuss in detail two methods based on the Uniqueness Theorem for solving electrostatic problems with azimuthal symmetry. The first one is the electrostatic potential extension from the axis of symmetry to an arbitrary point. The other consists in the mutual mapping between two potentials through an inversion transformation. We have prepared a list of six examples for which we calculate, completely or partially, the electrostatic potentials for different charge distributions using both methods. The electric field lines are analyzed and presented graphically in all cases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438016.v1
title: Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation on Kidney Function

description: Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently present in patients with aortic valve disease. Decreased kidney perfusion as a consequence of reduced cardiac output may contribute to renal dysfunction in this setting. Objective: Given the potential reversibility of kidney hypoperfusion after valve repair, this study aimed to analyze the impact of percutaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) on kidney function. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 233 consecutive patients who underwent TAVI in a single center between November 2008 and May 2016. We assessed three groups according to their baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (mL/min/1.73 m2): Group 1 with eGFR ≥ 60; Group 2 with 30 ≤ eGFR &lt; 60; and Group 3 with eGFR &lt; 30. We analyzed the eGFR one month and one year after TAVI in these three groups, using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula to calculate it. Results: Patients from Group 1 had a progressive decline in eGFR one year after the TAVI procedure (p &lt; 0.001 vs. pre-TAVI). In Group 2 patients, the mean eGFR increased one month after TAVI and continued to grow after one year (p = 0.001 vs. pre-TAVI). The same occurred in Group 3, with the mean eGFR increasing from 24.4 ± 5.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 before TAVI to 38.4 ± 18.8 mL/min/1.73 m2 one year after TAVI (p = 0.012). Conclusions: For patients with moderate-to-severe CKD, kidney function improved one year after the TAVI procedure. This outcome is probably due to better kidney perfusion post-procedure. We believe that when evaluating patients that might need TAVI, this ‘reversibility of CKD effect’ should be considered.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10437998
title: Persistence of insecticides used in peach orchards to larvae and adults of the predator Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

description: ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the persistence (duration of harmful activity) of five insecticides used for pest control in peach orchards, on larvae and adults of the predator Chrysoperla externa. The insecticides were sprayed on cv. Bordô vine plants using the maximum dosage recommended for peach orchards. Weekly, at 3, 10, 17, 24 and 31 days after spraying, larvae and adults of the predator were exposed to treated leaves in order to assess the residual effect of insecticides on mortality and possible effects on reproduction. Given the toxicity observed along the weekly bioassays, the insecticides were classified into persistence categories established by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC). High persistence was obtained for the organophosphorus insecticides (% of active ingredient) phosmet (0.100) and malathion (0.200), and both were considered persistent (&gt; 30 days of harmful activity) to larvae and adults of C. externa. Similarly, the benzoylurea insecticide lufenuron (0.005), which acts exclusively on immature stages of insects, was persistent to larvae. Differences concerning the persistence for both development stages evaluated were observed for the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin (0.001), that was persistent to larvae but moderately persistent (16 – 30 days of harmful activity) to adults; and for the organophosphate fenthion (0.050) which was considered moderately persistent to larvae and short-lived (&lt; 5 days of harmful activity) to adults of C. externa.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438001
title: PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBON FROM THE FRUIT OF BRAZIL NUT TREE ACTIVATED BY PHYSICAL PROCESS

description: ABSTRACT Activated carbon is the name of a big group of materials that presents high degree of porosity and, consequently, an extended internal surface area, with physical and chemical adsorption properties. Innumerous raw materials can be used as precursors, especially biomass. The objective of this study was to obtain activated carbon from physical activation of the fruit of Brazil nut tree (“ouriço”) and to evaluate its physical and chemical properties in function of the differences between the temperatures and atmospheres of activation. The samples were carbonized at 3 different temperatures and the carbons were activated under atmosphere saturated by CO2 or steam. The results showed the influence of activation temperature and atmosphere on physicochemical characteristics of carbon. The carbon from woody Brazil nut seed capsule activated by CO2 and steam at different temperatures had a microporous profile, indicating its use to adsorb organic molecules of small dimensions. Basic characteristic was observed on samples and the carbon produced was thermally stable. Best quality was attributed to carbon activated by steam at 800 °C.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438004.v1
title: Two methods for solving electrostatic problems with azimuthal symmetry

description: Abstract The study of electrostatic phenomena is the gateway to the physics described by Classical Electrodynamics. In this paper, we discuss in detail two methods based on the Uniqueness Theorem for solving electrostatic problems with azimuthal symmetry. The first one is the electrostatic potential extension from the axis of symmetry to an arbitrary point. The other consists in the mutual mapping between two potentials through an inversion transformation. We have prepared a list of six examples for which we calculate, completely or partially, the electrostatic potentials for different charge distributions using both methods. The electric field lines are analyzed and presented graphically in all cases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10438013.v1
title: Effect of Dietary Curcumin on the Antioxidant Status of Laying Hens under High-Temperature Conditions

description: ABSTRACT Heat stress induces oxidative stress, and reduces body antioxidant metabolite levels, which can affect poultry production performance. Dietary antioxidants protect birds against the adverse effects of heat stress. The effects of increasing concentrations of dietary curcumin on the antioxidant parameters of layers maintained under high-temperature conditions for nine weeks were evaluated. Roman laying hens (n = 336, 22 weeks old, 1420 g BW) were divided into three treatment groups. The first group served as a thermoneutral control (kept at 25 ± 1 °C). The second group was exposed to high temperatures (32 ± 1 °C, 6 h/d), given a basal diet. The third group was further divided into five treatment groups (100, 150, 200, 250, 300 mg/kg Curcumin) fed a basal diet (treatments H1, H2, H3, H4, H5) under high temperatures conditions (32 ± 1 °C, 6 hours/day). As a result of this study, total superoxide dismutase activity was significantly higher in H2 and H3 groups, and total antioxidant capacity was higher in H2, H3, and H5 groups. Catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly higher in the H3 group. Malondialdehyde concentration was lowered in curcumin supplemented hens compared with control groups hens. Laying hens in all curcumin treatment groups had slightly higher activities of CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC in the liver, heart, and lungs, compared with heat stressed control group. It was concluded that dietary curcumin given to laying hens under heat stress may enhance their antioxidant status, and alleviate the detrimental effects of stressful environmental conditions.