cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985967.v1
title: Public higher education in Brazil: costs, benefits and distributive effects

description: Abstract This paper addresses one aspect of equity: income, associated with the access to and funding of public universities in Brazil. As in other countries, the usual perception is that Brazilian public universities are free and attended mainly by high income students. In line with Barbaro (2005), considering the main public spending with higher education and the related tax costs, we estimate a net benefit by income decile. We observe for Brazil a net transfer of the richest 20% to the rest of the population and a concentration of net benefit in the 4th to the 7th decile range of per capita household income. Therefore, considering only the public budget for higher education, this net transfer would not reach the poorest 30% of the population, but it would still mitigate the significant inequality of Brazilian income.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985970.v1
title: Phenotypic correlation of characteristics in the gilt performance test with an average number of live-born piglets through all achieved births, during the reproductive exploitation

description: ABSTRACT Reproductive efficacy of sows dictates the level of profitability of the production itself, and the moment of testing and selection of gilts for breeding (as the parents of a future generation), represents a very important moment. Given the fact that the selection of gilts for breeding is partly based on the weight-gain in the test, in this study we examined the influence of a daily weight-gain of gilts in the test of the manifestation of important reproductive characteristics - the size of the litter of the first and the other parities, as well as the percentage of sows that gave birth in relation to previous breeding process. Data of the 11637 tested gilts that completed the performance test have been used for the test. The studied characteristics were: the weight-gain at the end of the test, the number of live-born piglets, the number of stillborn piglets and the number of grown-weaned piglets in the first litter and the total number of live-born piglets, the total number of stillborn piglets and the total number of grown-weaned piglets. The results obtained in this study showed the effect of weight-gain in the reproductive efficacy test in the number of the live-born piglets in the first and from the 2nd to the 9th parity, as well as the percentage of the sows included in the next breeding process. By including all selected independent variables that showed the adequate statistical significance in correlation with the dependent variable, the determination coefficient rises to a value of 0.098 which represents 9.80% of the influence on the dependent variable, that can be explained by the independent variable, which leads to the conclusion that the binding strength between the variable "average live" and all the independent variables: “the number of litters”, the MLD depth” and “the back-fat thickness”, is very weak, which is not a rare case in multiple regression.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985955
title: The economic effects of full ICMS credit compensation on investment in Brazil: the Federal Role

description: Abstract This article analyzes the impact of the immediate and integral compensation of ICMS on the investment through a general equilibrium model. The results suggest positive impacts on the economy, but with a revenue loss of 1.25% for states in the short term. In order to avoid this loss, one solution is to increase transfers from the Union to states and municipalities. In this case, short-term losses are limited to 0.5%, with long-term revenue gains of 0.1% for all federated entities. Removing ICMS on investment may result in long term revenue gains even without any increase in taxation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985958
title: Innovations in Curriculum Designs Do Not Guarantee Students’ Patient-Centered Attitudes Running Title: Curricula and Patient-Centered Attitudes

description: ABSTRACT Background Medical schools all around the world are engaged in curricular reforms aimed at fostering patient- and learner-centeredness, implementing curricular transformations in order to counterbalance the erosion of humanistic and professional values and the loss of idealism of recent graduate physicians. In Brazil, medical schools are facing the challenge of redesigning medical curricula towards more learner-centered and patient-centered approaches, stimulated by recent national medical education guidelines. However, desirable outcomes towards medical education have not been fully achieved. Aim To access medical students’ attitudes and determine predictors of medical students’ patient-centered attitudes among students from different curricular designs (traditional, innovative and advanced). Methods Medical students from 1st to 6th year from 21 Brazilian medical schools participating in the project for evaluating change and trends proposed by the Brazilian Association of Medical Education, with different stages of curricular designs (traditional, innovative and advanced), answered the Brazilian version of the Patient–Practitioner Orientation Scale (B-PPOS) and a questionnaire with curricular and sociodemographic variables. Results Brazilian medical students care more than they share information, power and responsibility (p &lt; 0.001; d = 0.599). They are more concerned with the psychosocial context than with patient’s perspective (p &lt; 0.001; d = 0.797) and share more power and responsibility than understanding (p &lt; 0.001, d = 0.455). Female gender (B = 0.180), students from public schools (B = 0.132), year of medical training (B = 0.021), preference for future medical practice in public services (B = 0.053) and extracurricular activities (B = 0.068) were predictors of patient-centered attitudes among medical students (p &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, the father’s educational level and choice to study surgical specialties (p &lt; 0.05) were predictors of less patient-centered attitudes among students. Different curricular designs were not associated with students’ patient-centered attitudes (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion tant predictors of patient-centered attitudes among medical students. Further research should investigate the direct influence of faculty professionalism development programs on students’ patient centered-attitudes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985973.v1
title: Evaluation of resistance in Eucalyptus grandis progenies against leaf spot of Cylindrocladium and Kirramyces

description: ABSTRACT During cultivation of eucalyptus, there are several diseases, which can limit its productivity, such as leaf spots caused by Cylindrocladium spp. and Kirramyces epicoccoides. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of Eucalyptus grandis progenies to these diseases. A progeny test with 176 progenies and three commercial controls for comparison was installed in two locations: Anhembi and Itatinga, São Paulo State, Brazil. Leaf spot incidence and severity were evaluated when plants were 12 and 24 months old (Anhembi) and 15 and 27 months old (Itatinga). Severity was evaluated based on a scale varying from one (healthy) to five (up to 2/3 canopy defoliation). The incidence and mean severity obtained by progenies were compared to those of controls (commercial varieties) and between locations. Spatialization of the disease was also performed in the test areas. Some progenies had mean severity lower than that of commercial controls, indicating potential for use in breeding programs for resistance to leaf spot. There is variation among the progenies in relation to resistance to leaf spot and consequently possibility of gaining with the selection among the best progenies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985952
title: Schizandrin A exerts anti-tumor effects on A375 cells by down-regulating H19

description: Malignant melanoma (MM) is one of the malignant tumors with highly metastatic and aggressive biological actions. Schizandrin A (SchA) is a bioactive lignin compound with strong anti-oxidant and anti-aging properties, which is stable at room temperature and is often stored in a cool dry place. Hence, we investigated the effects of SchA on MM cell line A375 and its underlying mechanism. A375 cells were used to construct an in vitro MM cell model. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and migration were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, BrdU assay, flow cytometry, and transwell two-chamber assay, respectively. The cell cycle-related protein cyclin D1 and cell apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, and cleaved-caspase-9) were analyzed by western blot. Alteration of H19 expression was achieved by transfecting with pEX-H19. PI3K/AKT pathway was measured by detecting phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. SchA significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SchA inhibited cell proliferation and cyclin D1 expression. SchA increased cell apoptosis along with the up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, and Bax) and the down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2). Besides, SchA decreased migration and down-regulated matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and MMP-9. SchA down-regulated lncRNA H19. Overexpression of H19 blockaded the inhibitory effects of SchA on A375 cells. SchA decreased the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT while H19 overexpression promoted the phosphorylation of PI3K and AKT. SchA inhibited A375 cell growth, migration, and the PI3K/AKT pathway through down-regulating H19.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985955.v1
title: The economic effects of full ICMS credit compensation on investment in Brazil: the Federal Role

description: Abstract This article analyzes the impact of the immediate and integral compensation of ICMS on the investment through a general equilibrium model. The results suggest positive impacts on the economy, but with a revenue loss of 1.25% for states in the short term. In order to avoid this loss, one solution is to increase transfers from the Union to states and municipalities. In this case, short-term losses are limited to 0.5%, with long-term revenue gains of 0.1% for all federated entities. Removing ICMS on investment may result in long term revenue gains even without any increase in taxation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985940
title: Clinical Characteristics and Adverse Events in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients with a History of Peripheral Arterial Disease

description: Abstract Background: In clinical observation, patients with acute coronary syndrome complicated with peripheral artery disease have poor prognosis, so the relationship between the diseases and clinical characteristics need to be further explored. Objective: This study aims to investigate clinical characteristics and independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in acute coronary syndrome patients with a history of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods: A total of 5,682 patients with acute coronary syndrome were included into this study. These patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of a history of PAD: PAD group (n = 188), and non-PAD (control) group (n = 5,494). Then, the clinical characteristics and incidence of in-hospital adverse events were analyzed; p &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The age of PAD patients was higher than that in the control group (65.5 ± 10.3 years vs. 58.6 ± 11 years, p &lt; 0.001), and the proportion of PAD patients with diabetes history and stroke history was higher than that in the control group (73 [39%] vs. 1472 [26.8%], p = 0.018; 36 [19.3%] vs. 396 [7.2%], p &lt; 0.001). The multivariate logistic regression analysis between groups based on in-hospital adverse events revealed that a history of PAD (OR = 1.791, p = 0.01), a history of diabetes (OR = 1.223, p = 0.001), and age of &gt; 65 years old (OR = 4.670, p &lt; 0.001) were independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events. Conclusion: A history of PAD, advanced age, and a history of diabetes are independent risk factors for in-hospital adverse events in patients with acute coronary syndrome.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985943
title: COMPARISON OF GNSS INDICES, IONOSONDES AND ALL-SKY IMAGERS IN MONITORING THE IONOSPHERE IN BRAZIL DURING QUIET AND DISTURBED DAYS

description: Abstract Measurements from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have become a leading data source for ionospheric studies. Different technologies are used to monitor the ionospheric layer. It is possible to carry out this monitoring using GNSS networks through the indices of ionospheric irregularities, as well as through ionosondes and imagers. It has therefore become essential to correlate these forms of monitoring, presenting their advantages and disadvantages. With this in mind, the aim of this work was to perform an analysis of the behavior of the ionosphere in the Brazilian region through the ionospheric irregularity indices, along with ionosonde information and all-sky optical imagers, for a day of high solar activity (1 March 2014) and a day of low activity (12 April 2015). The results of each monitoring technique were compatible for the different scenarios, showing a moderate and positive correlation between the irregularity indices (FP) and ionosonde parameter. The imagers perform measures of greater spatial extent, however, they need favorable meteorological conditions. The ionosondes present a greater diagnostic capacity of the ionosphere but they are fewer in number than the imagers. The GNSS networks become ionosphere monitoring stations through the irregularity indices, enabling an increase in spatial resolution and a better understanding of ionospheric phenomena in the Brazilian territory.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985946
title: Graduates from a Professional Master’s Degree Program in Family Health: Expectations, Motivations and Benefits

description: ABSTRACT The health care model based on the Family Health Strategy, created in the early 1990s, encouraged changes in health education, highlighting the need to create lato and stricto sensu postgraduate courses aimed at empowering professionals that foster comprehensive health care. Periodic evaluations are carried out and encouraged by Capes/MEC in order to maintain the quality of postgraduate courses, but evaluations of recently-introduced professional master’s degree courses in family health remain scarce. Objectives To describe the academic profile, contribution, motivations and expectations of graduates of a Professional Master’s in Family Health. Method Cross-sectional and quantitative study to analyze the results of 102 questionnaires answered by graduates of the Professional Master’s Degree in Family Health of the Estácio de Sá University (RJ), who had concluded the course between 2007 and 2012. The instrument consisted of open-ended and closed-ended questions, sent by e-mail and made available online through the electronic platform Survey Monkey. The study evaluated age, gender, regional origin, academic background, as well as the contributions, expectations and motivations related to the course. Results The survey sample was formed predominantly by female graduates, aged over 30, from 13 Brazilian states and, mainly from Medicine and Nursing courses. The contribution of the master’s degree to the graduate’s professional life was evaluated as excellent by 77% of the interviewees. The expectations regarding the course were positively evaluated and the main reasons for seeking the qualification were scientific-technical improvement and personal satisfaction, rather than better salaries or job stability. Conclusion The course was evaluated positively by the graduates, having exceeded their expectations and satisfied the interests that led them to it, thus producing changes to their personal and professional life. A longitudinal analysis of the impact of the professional master’s degree in the career of graduates will require a sequence of similar studies, as has been stimulated by Capes/MEC in recent years.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985958.v1
title: Innovations in Curriculum Designs Do Not Guarantee Students’ Patient-Centered Attitudes Running Title: Curricula and Patient-Centered Attitudes

description: ABSTRACT Background Medical schools all around the world are engaged in curricular reforms aimed at fostering patient- and learner-centeredness, implementing curricular transformations in order to counterbalance the erosion of humanistic and professional values and the loss of idealism of recent graduate physicians. In Brazil, medical schools are facing the challenge of redesigning medical curricula towards more learner-centered and patient-centered approaches, stimulated by recent national medical education guidelines. However, desirable outcomes towards medical education have not been fully achieved. Aim To access medical students’ attitudes and determine predictors of medical students’ patient-centered attitudes among students from different curricular designs (traditional, innovative and advanced). Methods Medical students from 1st to 6th year from 21 Brazilian medical schools participating in the project for evaluating change and trends proposed by the Brazilian Association of Medical Education, with different stages of curricular designs (traditional, innovative and advanced), answered the Brazilian version of the Patient–Practitioner Orientation Scale (B-PPOS) and a questionnaire with curricular and sociodemographic variables. Results Brazilian medical students care more than they share information, power and responsibility (p &lt; 0.001; d = 0.599). They are more concerned with the psychosocial context than with patient’s perspective (p &lt; 0.001; d = 0.797) and share more power and responsibility than understanding (p &lt; 0.001, d = 0.455). Female gender (B = 0.180), students from public schools (B = 0.132), year of medical training (B = 0.021), preference for future medical practice in public services (B = 0.053) and extracurricular activities (B = 0.068) were predictors of patient-centered attitudes among medical students (p &lt; 0.05). Meanwhile, the father’s educational level and choice to study surgical specialties (p &lt; 0.05) were predictors of less patient-centered attitudes among students. Different curricular designs were not associated with students’ patient-centered attitudes (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusion tant predictors of patient-centered attitudes among medical students. Further research should investigate the direct influence of faculty professionalism development programs on students’ patient centered-attitudes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985943.v1
title: COMPARISON OF GNSS INDICES, IONOSONDES AND ALL-SKY IMAGERS IN MONITORING THE IONOSPHERE IN BRAZIL DURING QUIET AND DISTURBED DAYS

description: Abstract Measurements from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) have become a leading data source for ionospheric studies. Different technologies are used to monitor the ionospheric layer. It is possible to carry out this monitoring using GNSS networks through the indices of ionospheric irregularities, as well as through ionosondes and imagers. It has therefore become essential to correlate these forms of monitoring, presenting their advantages and disadvantages. With this in mind, the aim of this work was to perform an analysis of the behavior of the ionosphere in the Brazilian region through the ionospheric irregularity indices, along with ionosonde information and all-sky optical imagers, for a day of high solar activity (1 March 2014) and a day of low activity (12 April 2015). The results of each monitoring technique were compatible for the different scenarios, showing a moderate and positive correlation between the irregularity indices (FP) and ionosonde parameter. The imagers perform measures of greater spatial extent, however, they need favorable meteorological conditions. The ionosondes present a greater diagnostic capacity of the ionosphere but they are fewer in number than the imagers. The GNSS networks become ionosphere monitoring stations through the irregularity indices, enabling an increase in spatial resolution and a better understanding of ionospheric phenomena in the Brazilian territory.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985946.v1
title: Graduates from a Professional Master’s Degree Program in Family Health: Expectations, Motivations and Benefits

description: ABSTRACT The health care model based on the Family Health Strategy, created in the early 1990s, encouraged changes in health education, highlighting the need to create lato and stricto sensu postgraduate courses aimed at empowering professionals that foster comprehensive health care. Periodic evaluations are carried out and encouraged by Capes/MEC in order to maintain the quality of postgraduate courses, but evaluations of recently-introduced professional master’s degree courses in family health remain scarce. Objectives To describe the academic profile, contribution, motivations and expectations of graduates of a Professional Master’s in Family Health. Method Cross-sectional and quantitative study to analyze the results of 102 questionnaires answered by graduates of the Professional Master’s Degree in Family Health of the Estácio de Sá University (RJ), who had concluded the course between 2007 and 2012. The instrument consisted of open-ended and closed-ended questions, sent by e-mail and made available online through the electronic platform Survey Monkey. The study evaluated age, gender, regional origin, academic background, as well as the contributions, expectations and motivations related to the course. Results The survey sample was formed predominantly by female graduates, aged over 30, from 13 Brazilian states and, mainly from Medicine and Nursing courses. The contribution of the master’s degree to the graduate’s professional life was evaluated as excellent by 77% of the interviewees. The expectations regarding the course were positively evaluated and the main reasons for seeking the qualification were scientific-technical improvement and personal satisfaction, rather than better salaries or job stability. Conclusion The course was evaluated positively by the graduates, having exceeded their expectations and satisfied the interests that led them to it, thus producing changes to their personal and professional life. A longitudinal analysis of the impact of the professional master’s degree in the career of graduates will require a sequence of similar studies, as has been stimulated by Capes/MEC in recent years.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985934
title: OUTLIER=GROSS ERROR? DO ONLY GROSS ERRORS CAUSE OUTLIERS IN GEODETIC NETWORKS? ADDRESSING THESE AND OTHER QUESTIONS

description: Abstract This article has theoretically discussed some points regarding outliers caused by errors in geodetic observations (see consideration made). Comments have also been made on the usual 3σ-rule to identify outliers and its common approachs in the simulation of outliers in geodetic networks. Three simulated experiments have been conducted to verify the elements discussed. In the first one, with the simulation of random errors, we have verified that it can have a magnitude large enough to generate outliers. In the second one, in scenarios of leveling network simulated by Monte Carlo methods, observations containing gross errors with a lower magnitude than their respective σ tended to not be identified as outliers by the iterative data snooping procedure. This has also occurred in the third experiment, in which gross errors of magnitude 3.1σ had their value masked by the random error of the respective observation. From the conceptual discussion presented, we have concluded that gross error and outlier are not synonyms, and neither is one a particular case of the other. From the obtained results, we have concluded that there are inconsistencies in how outliers have been simulated in geodetic networks, which indicates the need to continue with investigations.