cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503981
title: Clonal relationships, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections and fecal samples in Southeast Iran

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli, a species that is a leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is a major global public health concern. This study was designed to detect the differences in antibiotic resistance patterns, the production and type of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and the clonal relationships among E. coli isolates from UTIs and fecal samples. METHODS: Antibacterial resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method. ESBL, carbapenemase, and AmpC-producing isolates were detected phenotypically. Then, the ESBL genes were sequenced to detect the type. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) was performed on the ESBL-positive isolates. RESULTS: The most common effective antibacterial agents were colistin, imipenem, and amikacin. Among the isolates, 204 (56.6%) were MDR. Of the 163 ESBL-positive isolates, 11 (6.7%) produced AmpC, and the frequencies of beta-lactamase-positive genes were as follows: bla CTX-Mgroup1, 76%; bla TEM1, 74.8%; bla SHV12, 1.2%; and bla OXA1, 12.88%. ERIC PCR showed a diverse pattern, suggesting that clonal spread of E. coli in this area is uncommon, and that most of the infecting strains are endogenous. CONCLUSIONS: The high rates of antibacterial-resistant and MDR isolates are quite important since these strains can act as source of resistant bacteria that can be spread in the community. Controlling antibiotic use, against inappropriate use and abuse, in the community and continuous surveillance of emerging resistance traits are critical to controlling the spread of resistance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503981.v1
title: Clonal relationships, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections and fecal samples in Southeast Iran

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli, a species that is a leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and is a major global public health concern. This study was designed to detect the differences in antibiotic resistance patterns, the production and type of extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), and the clonal relationships among E. coli isolates from UTIs and fecal samples. METHODS: Antibacterial resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method. ESBL, carbapenemase, and AmpC-producing isolates were detected phenotypically. Then, the ESBL genes were sequenced to detect the type. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) was performed on the ESBL-positive isolates. RESULTS: The most common effective antibacterial agents were colistin, imipenem, and amikacin. Among the isolates, 204 (56.6%) were MDR. Of the 163 ESBL-positive isolates, 11 (6.7%) produced AmpC, and the frequencies of beta-lactamase-positive genes were as follows: bla CTX-Mgroup1, 76%; bla TEM1, 74.8%; bla SHV12, 1.2%; and bla OXA1, 12.88%. ERIC PCR showed a diverse pattern, suggesting that clonal spread of E. coli in this area is uncommon, and that most of the infecting strains are endogenous. CONCLUSIONS: The high rates of antibacterial-resistant and MDR isolates are quite important since these strains can act as source of resistant bacteria that can be spread in the community. Controlling antibiotic use, against inappropriate use and abuse, in the community and continuous surveillance of emerging resistance traits are critical to controlling the spread of resistance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503978
title: Physiological and sanitary quality of maize seeds preconditioned in ozonated water

description: ABSTRACT The technique of controlled hydration of seeds has been used as a method of physiological conditioning to improve their performance in the field. Solution aeration with ozone gas is a promising option in controlling phytopathogens. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of maize seeds preconditioned in ozonated water. In the evaluation of the physiological and sanitary quality, maize seeds were submitted to four concentrations of ozone gas (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg L-1) for five soaking periods (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min), with four replicates. Preconditioning maize seeds in ozonated water, followed by natural drying, resulted in a more pronounced initial development of seedlings, measured by means of the emergence speed index, seedling dry matter, seedling length and radicle length, compared with untreated seeds. The initial development of maize seedlings was intensified by the exposure of seeds to water, especially at 0 and 30 mg L-1 ozone concentrations during the period from 60 to 90 min. Preconditioning maize seeds in ozonated water did not affect the control of Fusarium sp. The fungicide Carbendazim + Thiram resulted in 100% control of Fusarium sp. in the seeds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503978.v1
title: Physiological and sanitary quality of maize seeds preconditioned in ozonated water

description: ABSTRACT The technique of controlled hydration of seeds has been used as a method of physiological conditioning to improve their performance in the field. Solution aeration with ozone gas is a promising option in controlling phytopathogens. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of maize seeds preconditioned in ozonated water. In the evaluation of the physiological and sanitary quality, maize seeds were submitted to four concentrations of ozone gas (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg L-1) for five soaking periods (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min), with four replicates. Preconditioning maize seeds in ozonated water, followed by natural drying, resulted in a more pronounced initial development of seedlings, measured by means of the emergence speed index, seedling dry matter, seedling length and radicle length, compared with untreated seeds. The initial development of maize seedlings was intensified by the exposure of seeds to water, especially at 0 and 30 mg L-1 ozone concentrations during the period from 60 to 90 min. Preconditioning maize seeds in ozonated water did not affect the control of Fusarium sp. The fungicide Carbendazim + Thiram resulted in 100% control of Fusarium sp. in the seeds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503975
title: Assessment of genetic mutation frequency induced by oxidative stress in Trypanosoma cruzi

description: Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, a public health challenge due to its morbidity and mortality rates, which affects around 6-7 million people worldwide. Symptoms, response to chemotherapy, and the course of Chagas disease are greatly influenced by T. cruzi‘s intra-specific variability. Thus, DNA mutations in this parasite possibly play a key role in the wide range of clinical manifestations and in drug sensitivity. Indeed, the environmental conditions of oxidative stress faced by T. cruzi during its life cycle can generate genetic mutations. However, the lack of an established experimental design to assess mutation rates in T. cruzi precludes the study of conditions and mechanisms that potentially produce genomic variability in this parasite. We developed an assay that employs a reporter gene that, once mutated in specific positions, convert G418-sensitive into G418-insenstitive T. cruzi. We were able to determine the frequency of DNA mutations in T. cruzi exposed and non-exposed to oxidative insults assessing the number of colony-forming units in solid selective media after plating a defined number of cells. We verified that T. cruzi‘s spontaneous mutation frequency was comparable to those found in other eukaryotes, and that exposure to hydrogen peroxide promoted a two-fold increase in T. cruzi‘s mutation frequency. We hypothesize that genetic mutations in T. cruzi can arise from oxidative insults faced by this parasite during its life cycle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503975.v1
title: Assessment of genetic mutation frequency induced by oxidative stress in Trypanosoma cruzi

description: Abstract Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease, a public health challenge due to its morbidity and mortality rates, which affects around 6-7 million people worldwide. Symptoms, response to chemotherapy, and the course of Chagas disease are greatly influenced by T. cruzi‘s intra-specific variability. Thus, DNA mutations in this parasite possibly play a key role in the wide range of clinical manifestations and in drug sensitivity. Indeed, the environmental conditions of oxidative stress faced by T. cruzi during its life cycle can generate genetic mutations. However, the lack of an established experimental design to assess mutation rates in T. cruzi precludes the study of conditions and mechanisms that potentially produce genomic variability in this parasite. We developed an assay that employs a reporter gene that, once mutated in specific positions, convert G418-sensitive into G418-insenstitive T. cruzi. We were able to determine the frequency of DNA mutations in T. cruzi exposed and non-exposed to oxidative insults assessing the number of colony-forming units in solid selective media after plating a defined number of cells. We verified that T. cruzi‘s spontaneous mutation frequency was comparable to those found in other eukaryotes, and that exposure to hydrogen peroxide promoted a two-fold increase in T. cruzi‘s mutation frequency. We hypothesize that genetic mutations in T. cruzi can arise from oxidative insults faced by this parasite during its life cycle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503972
title: Trusses Nonlinear Problems Solution with Numerical Methods of Cubic Convergence Order

description: ABSTRACT A large part of the numerical procedures for obtaining the equilibrium path or load-displacement curve of structural problems with nonlinear behavior is based on the Newton-Raphson iterative scheme, to which is coupled the path-following methods. This paper presents new algorithms based on Potra-Pták, Chebyshev and super-Halley methods combined with the Linear Arc-Length path-following method. The main motivation for using these methods is the cubic order convergence. To elucidate the potential of our approach, we present an analysis of space and plane trusses problems with geometric nonlinearity found in the literature. In this direction, we will make use of the Positional Finite Element Method, which considers the nodal coordinates as variables of the nonlinear system instead of displacements. The numerical results of the simulations show the capacity of the computational algorithm developed to obtain the equilibrium path with force and displacement limits points. The implemented iterative methods exhibit better efficiency as the number of time steps and necessary accumulated iterations until convergence and processing time, in comparison with classic methods of Newton-Raphson and Modified Newton-Raphson.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503972.v1
title: Trusses Nonlinear Problems Solution with Numerical Methods of Cubic Convergence Order

description: ABSTRACT A large part of the numerical procedures for obtaining the equilibrium path or load-displacement curve of structural problems with nonlinear behavior is based on the Newton-Raphson iterative scheme, to which is coupled the path-following methods. This paper presents new algorithms based on Potra-Pták, Chebyshev and super-Halley methods combined with the Linear Arc-Length path-following method. The main motivation for using these methods is the cubic order convergence. To elucidate the potential of our approach, we present an analysis of space and plane trusses problems with geometric nonlinearity found in the literature. In this direction, we will make use of the Positional Finite Element Method, which considers the nodal coordinates as variables of the nonlinear system instead of displacements. The numerical results of the simulations show the capacity of the computational algorithm developed to obtain the equilibrium path with force and displacement limits points. The implemented iterative methods exhibit better efficiency as the number of time steps and necessary accumulated iterations until convergence and processing time, in comparison with classic methods of Newton-Raphson and Modified Newton-Raphson.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503969
title: Use of classifier to determine coffee harvest time by detachment force

description: ABSTRACT Coffee quality is an essential aspect to increase its commercial value and for the Brazilian coffee business to remain prominent in the world market. Fruit maturity stage at harvest is an important factor that affects the quality and commercial value of the product. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a classifier using neural networks to distinguish green coffee fruits from mature coffee fruits, based on the detachment force. Fruit detachment force and the percentage value of the maturity stage were measured during a 75-day harvest window. Collections were carried out biweekly, resulting in five different moments within the harvest period. A classifier was developed using neural networks to distinguish green fruits from mature fruits in the harvest period analyzed. The results show that, in the first half of June, the supervised classified had the highest success percentage in differentiating green fruits from mature fruits, and this period was considered as ideal for a selective harvest under these experimental conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503969.v1
title: Use of classifier to determine coffee harvest time by detachment force

description: ABSTRACT Coffee quality is an essential aspect to increase its commercial value and for the Brazilian coffee business to remain prominent in the world market. Fruit maturity stage at harvest is an important factor that affects the quality and commercial value of the product. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a classifier using neural networks to distinguish green coffee fruits from mature coffee fruits, based on the detachment force. Fruit detachment force and the percentage value of the maturity stage were measured during a 75-day harvest window. Collections were carried out biweekly, resulting in five different moments within the harvest period. A classifier was developed using neural networks to distinguish green fruits from mature fruits in the harvest period analyzed. The results show that, in the first half of June, the supervised classified had the highest success percentage in differentiating green fruits from mature fruits, and this period was considered as ideal for a selective harvest under these experimental conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503966
title: Effect of soil cover on charcoal rot in Vigna unguiculata

description: ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of soil covers on the incidence and severity of charcoal rot in cowpea. Two trials were conducted in 5 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with five soil covers (Brachiaria brizantha, (Brachiaria) Pennisetum glaucum, (Millet) Crotalaria spectabilis, (Crotalaria), polyethylene film and bare soil), two ways of using the soil (sterilized and unsterilized) and two infestation conditions (soil infested with Macrophomina phaseolina and not infested). In the first trial, the cover plants were grown in pots and desiccated with glyphosate for subsequent planting of cowpea. The second trial consisted of new planting of cowpea in the same pots. Evaluation of the incidence and severity of the disease was carried out at 60 days after planting. The dry mass of cowpea in a stove was determined and the soil temperature was monitored with data loggers Campbell CR 1000. The treatments with vegetal cover reduced heating and thermal amplitude relative to bare soil. The polyethylene film provided an increase in the respective rates. In the first cultivation, P. glaucum provided the greatest cowpea dry matter production. The dry matter mass of cowpea was higher in unsterilized soil. The unsterilized soil infested with M. phaseolina caused higher incidence of the disease. In unsterilized soil, B. brizantha was the cover that provided the highest incidence of the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503966.v1
title: Effect of soil cover on charcoal rot in Vigna unguiculata

description: ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of soil covers on the incidence and severity of charcoal rot in cowpea. Two trials were conducted in 5 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with five soil covers (Brachiaria brizantha, (Brachiaria) Pennisetum glaucum, (Millet) Crotalaria spectabilis, (Crotalaria), polyethylene film and bare soil), two ways of using the soil (sterilized and unsterilized) and two infestation conditions (soil infested with Macrophomina phaseolina and not infested). In the first trial, the cover plants were grown in pots and desiccated with glyphosate for subsequent planting of cowpea. The second trial consisted of new planting of cowpea in the same pots. Evaluation of the incidence and severity of the disease was carried out at 60 days after planting. The dry mass of cowpea in a stove was determined and the soil temperature was monitored with data loggers Campbell CR 1000. The treatments with vegetal cover reduced heating and thermal amplitude relative to bare soil. The polyethylene film provided an increase in the respective rates. In the first cultivation, P. glaucum provided the greatest cowpea dry matter production. The dry matter mass of cowpea was higher in unsterilized soil. The unsterilized soil infested with M. phaseolina caused higher incidence of the disease. In unsterilized soil, B. brizantha was the cover that provided the highest incidence of the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503963
title: A Novel Approach to Find Pseudo–peripheral Vertices for Snay’s Heuristic

description: ABSTRACT The solution of linear systems represented by Ax=b is fundamental in many numerical simulations in science and engineering. Reducing the profile of A can reduce the storage requirements and time processing costs of solving such linear systems. In this work, we propose a generalized algorithm for finding pseudo-peripheral vertices for Snay’s heuristic. In experiment performed on 36 instances contained in the Harwell-Boeing and SuiteSparse matrix collections, it has been found that the number of pseudo-peripheral vertices selected in Snay’s heuristic may be suitable for small instances, but it is insufficient to obtain reasonable results in instances that are not small. This paper recommends to select up to 26% (0.3%) of pseudo-peripheral vertices in relation to the instance size when applied to instances smaller than 3,000 (larger than 20,000) vertices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503963.v1
title: A Novel Approach to Find Pseudo–peripheral Vertices for Snay’s Heuristic

description: ABSTRACT The solution of linear systems represented by Ax=b is fundamental in many numerical simulations in science and engineering. Reducing the profile of A can reduce the storage requirements and time processing costs of solving such linear systems. In this work, we propose a generalized algorithm for finding pseudo-peripheral vertices for Snay’s heuristic. In experiment performed on 36 instances contained in the Harwell-Boeing and SuiteSparse matrix collections, it has been found that the number of pseudo-peripheral vertices selected in Snay’s heuristic may be suitable for small instances, but it is insufficient to obtain reasonable results in instances that are not small. This paper recommends to select up to 26% (0.3%) of pseudo-peripheral vertices in relation to the instance size when applied to instances smaller than 3,000 (larger than 20,000) vertices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503957
title: HOW DO BOARD-CERTIFIED HAND SURGEONS MANAGE CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME? A NATIONAL SURVEY

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate tendencies in the planning, diagnosis, and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) by Brazilian hand surgery specialists. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at the 36th Brazilian Hand Surgery Congress. We prepared a questionnaire about preferences in the management of CTS, and board-certified hand surgeons that attended the congress were asked to fill out the questionnaires. A total of 174 questionnaires were analyzed. Results: Electromyography examination is used by most surgeons. Night splinting is the most commonly used conservative treatment option. Half of the surgeons utilized prophylactic antibiotics. Most of the interviewees conduct inpatient surgery in the operating room and prefer intravenous regional anesthesia. Most of surgeons use the standard open technique associated with proximal release of the antebrachial fascia and do not perform neurolysis. Compressive dressings are most commonly used for 7 days. Conclusion: The approach to CTS among Brazilian hand surgeons with regard to pre-, intra-, and post-operatory conduct is consistent with the international literature. However, there is a need to reflect and conduct new studies on non-surgical treatment involving local corticosteroid injection, use of prophylactic antibiotics, hospital admission, and type of anesthesia in order to provide more cost-effective approach to surgical treatment for CTS. Level of Evidence V; Expert opinion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503957.v1
title: HOW DO BOARD-CERTIFIED HAND SURGEONS MANAGE CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME? A NATIONAL SURVEY

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate tendencies in the planning, diagnosis, and treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) by Brazilian hand surgery specialists. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed at the 36th Brazilian Hand Surgery Congress. We prepared a questionnaire about preferences in the management of CTS, and board-certified hand surgeons that attended the congress were asked to fill out the questionnaires. A total of 174 questionnaires were analyzed. Results: Electromyography examination is used by most surgeons. Night splinting is the most commonly used conservative treatment option. Half of the surgeons utilized prophylactic antibiotics. Most of the interviewees conduct inpatient surgery in the operating room and prefer intravenous regional anesthesia. Most of surgeons use the standard open technique associated with proximal release of the antebrachial fascia and do not perform neurolysis. Compressive dressings are most commonly used for 7 days. Conclusion: The approach to CTS among Brazilian hand surgeons with regard to pre-, intra-, and post-operatory conduct is consistent with the international literature. However, there is a need to reflect and conduct new studies on non-surgical treatment involving local corticosteroid injection, use of prophylactic antibiotics, hospital admission, and type of anesthesia in order to provide more cost-effective approach to surgical treatment for CTS. Level of Evidence V; Expert opinion.