DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n2z34tmth
title: Systematic review data of whole grains versus placebo or refined grains on cardiovascular disease risk factors.

description: This dataset comprises data extracted 29 publications which were included
 in a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
 which compared whole grain versus refined grain dietary intake on
 cardiovascular disease risk factors. There were 80 cardiovascular disease
 risk factor outcome measures considered in the review. Data were extracted
 by one investigator and checked for accuracy twice. Study characteristics
 were extracted, including study design, sample population, and details of
 the intervention and control conditions. Outcome data were extracted for
 the intervention and comparator groups were baseline, change, and
 follow-up variables, variable units, and statistical significance over
 time and between groups. Adverse events were also recorded. The 29
 included studies measured and reported on 40 outcomes. Extracted outcomes
 can be grouped as haemodynamics (reported by 12 studies), body composition
 (15 studies), blood lipids (18 studies), glycaemic and/or insulin markers
 (19 studies), inflammatory markers (21 studies), oxidative stress markers
 (6 studies), and cardiovascular comorbidity incidence (2 studies).
 Rigorous analysis, including meta-regression, may be carried out using
 this data to evaluate the cause and effect relationship of whole grains on
 cardiovascular risk by considering confounding variables on pooled
 outcomes.
description: A systematic search strategy was implemented across five
 electronic databases on the 8<sup>th</sup> of March 2019
 (Marshall et al, 2019, unpublished data). The search aimed to identify
 randomised controlled trials which compared whole grain test products
 against refined grain test products for ≥8-weeks duration (or ≥2-weeks
 duration if the study reported inflammatory or oxidative stress markers).
 Studies were required to provide the test products to participants and
 control for background diet, and samples may have been health or diagnosed
 with cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, or type 2 diabetes
 mellitus. Studies were required to report at least one of 80 outcomes
 which contribute to cardiovascular disease risk. All identified records
 were screened for eligibility by two investigators independently. Studies
 which were considered eligible underwent data extraction by one
 investigator and checked for accuracy twice by a second investigator.
 Study characteristics were extracted, including study design, sample
 population, and details of the intervention and control conditions.
 Outcome data were extracted for the intervention and comparator groups
 were baseline, change, and follow-up variables, variable units, and
 statistical significance over time and between groups. Adverse events were
 also recorded.
description: Data extracted
 were study and participant characteristics, baseline, follow-up, change in
 outcome, and p-value for between group comparisons. Data were reported as
 mean (standard deviation) unless specified otherwise, such as median,
 standard error (S.E.), 95% CI, or range. In addition to p-values comparing
 groups, p-values for change from baseline were extracted. Units for all
 data were reported in the cell for each variable, unless specified in the
 header (e.g. HbA1c always reported as %). If a study did not report on an
 outcome, a period was placed in the cell. Any significant finding
 (p&lt;0.05) reported by a study was bolded in the cell. Data were
 extracted and entered into an Microsoft Excel worksheet according to the
 type of data: characteristics, inflammatory markers, oxidative stress
 markers, glycaemic and insulin markers, blood lipids, haemodynamics and
 comorbidities, body composition, adverse events.