cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279345
title: Complexidade e Transdisciplinaridade: Uma abordagem multidimensional do Setor Saúde

description: Summary: This essay represents an effort to combine current knowledge about the multidimensional character of the health sector with recent developments of what may be called a theory, epistemology or paradigm of complexity. The objective is to obtain a comprehensive view of the problems of the health sector including the responsability of other sectors and systems, in order to better plan and implement concerted multi-sectoral actions. To achieve this goal, the author suggests the construction of matrices problems x systems to facilitate building partnerships among multiple social actors and systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279354.v1
title: O Ensino da Bioestatística na Graduação: uma Experiência

description: Summary: The author explains his experience with a new method of teaching biostatistics in one of ours Post-Graduation courses (Radiology). The method, using a minimum of mathematics, proved to be simple, stimulated the participation of the students in the selection of the themes end the final notes were higher than usually.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279348
title: Deficiências e Necessidades em Educação Médica Continuada de Pediatras em Minas Gerais

description: Summary Aiming to know the diferences and needs in Continued Medical Education (CME), 397 pediatricians of Minas Gerais were interviewed through a multiple-choice questionnaire. The state has been divided into three parts considering the e4conomic situation of the population. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) has been used to statistical analysis. The results show that the knowledge about social and human sciences is the great deficiency in pediatric formation and the urges for this kind of knowledge are not considered. This way, the author's point CME as a strategy changes the doctor's altitude and health institutions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279348.v1
title: Deficiências e Necessidades em Educação Médica Continuada de Pediatras em Minas Gerais

description: Summary Aiming to know the diferences and needs in Continued Medical Education (CME), 397 pediatricians of Minas Gerais were interviewed through a multiple-choice questionnaire. The state has been divided into three parts considering the e4conomic situation of the population. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) has been used to statistical analysis. The results show that the knowledge about social and human sciences is the great deficiency in pediatric formation and the urges for this kind of knowledge are not considered. This way, the author's point CME as a strategy changes the doctor's altitude and health institutions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279354
title: O Ensino da Bioestatística na Graduação: uma Experiência

description: Summary: The author explains his experience with a new method of teaching biostatistics in one of ours Post-Graduation courses (Radiology). The method, using a minimum of mathematics, proved to be simple, stimulated the participation of the students in the selection of the themes end the final notes were higher than usually.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279356
title: Enfoques de Estudo de Alunos de Medicina

description: Summary: Which learning approach is predominant among medical students? This article addresses the question by the use of the Approaches to Studying Inventory (ASI), developed by Entwistle et al. This questionnaire identifies three study orientations: meaning, reproductive, and strategic. A short version of ASI was administered to medical students at the start of the third term and during the fifth term of the medical program. Student descriptors and measures of course evaluation and student assessments were also obtained. The results show that the scale of meaning orientation has moderate stability and higher scores than the others. The scale differentiates between groups by sex and level of motivation and shows significant association with strategic orientation and measures of course evaluation and academic achievement. ln conclusion, the study orientation profile derived from ASI may be useful for monitoring the dimensions of variation of the learning approaches adopted by students in the different contexts of their medical education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279356.v1
title: Enfoques de Estudo de Alunos de Medicina

description: Summary: Which learning approach is predominant among medical students? This article addresses the question by the use of the Approaches to Studying Inventory (ASI), developed by Entwistle et al. This questionnaire identifies three study orientations: meaning, reproductive, and strategic. A short version of ASI was administered to medical students at the start of the third term and during the fifth term of the medical program. Student descriptors and measures of course evaluation and student assessments were also obtained. The results show that the scale of meaning orientation has moderate stability and higher scores than the others. The scale differentiates between groups by sex and level of motivation and shows significant association with strategic orientation and measures of course evaluation and academic achievement. ln conclusion, the study orientation profile derived from ASI may be useful for monitoring the dimensions of variation of the learning approaches adopted by students in the different contexts of their medical education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279364
title: Relato de uma Experiência de Ensino de Vigilância à Saúde para Residentes de Pediatria

description: Summary: One of the most important focus on the reform of medical education in the last decades has been the integration between teaching and health services, bringing contributions to the construction of a new health care model and, at the same time, offering the university a field of research and teaching. The authors report a teaching experience in Health Surveillance, through the insertion of Pediatrics residents in a health care net, where they perform health care to children and adolescents, supervised by a teacher. This training was reformed several times since its implementation, following the process of changings in the health care system and aiming to improve the teaching-learning proposals. The authors report the proposal's objective in the training, describe the pedagogic strategies used, present the outcomes of the activities performed and analyze its impact on both teaching and health service, with criticisms and suggestions for improvement.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279363.v1
title: Avaliação do Ensino de Medicina na Universidade Federal de São Paulo

description: Summary In 1997 the Universidade Federal de São Paulo modified its medical curriculum with the introduction of a Core Curriculum. The reform was accompanied by an evaluation program that used three parameters: the punctuation achieved by the student both at the end of six years's course and at the access exam to the Residency Program, and also the Progress Test. Analysis of four graduated cohorts (1994-1997) showed a significant correlation (p &lt; 0.0001) between both punctuation scores. The Progress Test on its third edition (1998), proved to be an useful instrument, capable to discriminate the internship (5th and 6th years) from the previous ones.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279364.v1
title: Relato de uma Experiência de Ensino de Vigilância à Saúde para Residentes de Pediatria

description: Summary: One of the most important focus on the reform of medical education in the last decades has been the integration between teaching and health services, bringing contributions to the construction of a new health care model and, at the same time, offering the university a field of research and teaching. The authors report a teaching experience in Health Surveillance, through the insertion of Pediatrics residents in a health care net, where they perform health care to children and adolescents, supervised by a teacher. This training was reformed several times since its implementation, following the process of changings in the health care system and aiming to improve the teaching-learning proposals. The authors report the proposal's objective in the training, describe the pedagogic strategies used, present the outcomes of the activities performed and analyze its impact on both teaching and health service, with criticisms and suggestions for improvement.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279360
title: Estratégias de Aprendizagem em Alunos de Medicina: Pré-Teste

description: Summary Study and Iearning habits were studied in 78 students of different periods and health courses. Data were collected by an open and closed answered questionnaire, and analyzed upon a predominantly cognitive theoretical frame. lts main conclusions are: a) Results support previously identified trends, and validate most of previous questions; b) textbook is preferred as learning tool when increasing knowledge and serious professional training is desired; e) knowledge is viewed as altruistic; d) studying to do tests is viewed as qualitatively different from learning, which is directed to knowledge acquisition; e) medicine internship has a major cognitive impact n students; f) gaps on metacognitive knowledge causes difficulties on learning habits self confidence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279363
title: Avaliação do Ensino de Medicina na Universidade Federal de São Paulo

description: Summary In 1997 the Universidade Federal de São Paulo modified its medical curriculum with the introduction of a Core Curriculum. The reform was accompanied by an evaluation program that used three parameters: the punctuation achieved by the student both at the end of six years's course and at the access exam to the Residency Program, and also the Progress Test. Analysis of four graduated cohorts (1994-1997) showed a significant correlation (p &lt; 0.0001) between both punctuation scores. The Progress Test on its third edition (1998), proved to be an useful instrument, capable to discriminate the internship (5th and 6th years) from the previous ones.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279366
title: General Practice at the Undergraduate Level: Opinions of Britsh and Brazilian Studants

description: Abstract: This article compares opinions among British and Brazilian students with regrets to the quality of undergraduate teaching and emphasis given to the teaching of hospital specialities and community general practice. It also investigated the frequency of regret at studying medicine. Data were collected by applying a standardized questionnaire of quantitative and free-list questions among undergraduate students at different levels. In the Brazilian students' opinions, excessive emphasis is placed on the teaching of hospital specialties, to the detriment of general practice, significantly different (p &lt; 0,05) from the situation in Great Britain. In addition, a smaller proportion of Brazilian students (32%) were willing to enter general practice than British students (55%), with significant differences (p &lt; 0,05). No significant differences were found between the two countries in relation to the occurrence of regret at studying medicine. In Brazil though, were found to be overconcerned to form a competitive résumé to dispute places on medical residency programs, which did not happen in Great Britain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279366.v1
title: General Practice at the Undergraduate Level: Opinions of Britsh and Brazilian Studants

description: Abstract: This article compares opinions among British and Brazilian students with regrets to the quality of undergraduate teaching and emphasis given to the teaching of hospital specialities and community general practice. It also investigated the frequency of regret at studying medicine. Data were collected by applying a standardized questionnaire of quantitative and free-list questions among undergraduate students at different levels. In the Brazilian students' opinions, excessive emphasis is placed on the teaching of hospital specialties, to the detriment of general practice, significantly different (p &lt; 0,05) from the situation in Great Britain. In addition, a smaller proportion of Brazilian students (32%) were willing to enter general practice than British students (55%), with significant differences (p &lt; 0,05). No significant differences were found between the two countries in relation to the occurrence of regret at studying medicine. In Brazil though, were found to be overconcerned to form a competitive résumé to dispute places on medical residency programs, which did not happen in Great Britain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279368
title: How to Open Ways to Change Medical Teaching in Brasil

description: Abstract: The teaching of Medicine at the State University of Londrina has been changing significantly with introduction, in 1998, of a restructured curriculum based on problem-based, community-oriented, student-centered learning. This rewarding incorporation of innovations into the teaching and learning process has been experienced at the Health Sciences Center over recent years as the result of a prolonged, intense and democratic process of construction. lt is the fruit of many seeds sown in recent years with support from the UNI program, which has catalyzed the search for answers of the following, How to construct a proposal for transforming medical education? How to bring about the necessary changes? How to make them lasting? What are they? Who should participate in them? Resistance and opposition are natural and proper to change of this kind. It is hoped, however, that some of the important lessons learned can be shared by those who are participating in this ongoing - and thus necessarily imperfect and insufficient - process, and who nonetheless fortered opportunities to create strategies to implement these processes and to take them beyond simplifications.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279360.v1
title: Estratégias de Aprendizagem em Alunos de Medicina: Pré-Teste

description: Summary Study and Iearning habits were studied in 78 students of different periods and health courses. Data were collected by an open and closed answered questionnaire, and analyzed upon a predominantly cognitive theoretical frame. lts main conclusions are: a) Results support previously identified trends, and validate most of previous questions; b) textbook is preferred as learning tool when increasing knowledge and serious professional training is desired; e) knowledge is viewed as altruistic; d) studying to do tests is viewed as qualitatively different from learning, which is directed to knowledge acquisition; e) medicine internship has a major cognitive impact n students; f) gaps on metacognitive knowledge causes difficulties on learning habits self confidence.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279368.v1
title: How to Open Ways to Change Medical Teaching in Brasil

description: Abstract: The teaching of Medicine at the State University of Londrina has been changing significantly with introduction, in 1998, of a restructured curriculum based on problem-based, community-oriented, student-centered learning. This rewarding incorporation of innovations into the teaching and learning process has been experienced at the Health Sciences Center over recent years as the result of a prolonged, intense and democratic process of construction. lt is the fruit of many seeds sown in recent years with support from the UNI program, which has catalyzed the search for answers of the following, How to construct a proposal for transforming medical education? How to bring about the necessary changes? How to make them lasting? What are they? Who should participate in them? Resistance and opposition are natural and proper to change of this kind. It is hoped, however, that some of the important lessons learned can be shared by those who are participating in this ongoing - and thus necessarily imperfect and insufficient - process, and who nonetheless fortered opportunities to create strategies to implement these processes and to take them beyond simplifications.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14268437
title: Migrant Physicians and Professional Training: the Case of Brazil

description: Abstract: Migration is a markedly economic and social phenomenon with effects on modern society. It is obviously related to the set of events which constitute Brazilian history. This article sheds light on the issue of medical professional migration. The main hypothesis is that medical specialization defines migratory movements. By focusing on physicians who migrate from the place where they obtain their undergraduate training to other areas in the search for specialization -the so-called 'intraining migrant physicians' -, we adopted the medical specialization chosen by physicians in their residence program as the main dependent variable. We used the research database 'Profile of Medical Doctors in Brazil'. ln accordance with the methodology, we followed the direction Brazil &gt; Regions &gt; States, establishing the part of the population which is the study target. Recently graduated physicians, both men and women, migrate twards residence programs in their area of professional interest. What route do they take? Which States/Regions of Brazil attract most migratory moves? The study concludes by describing trend, in professional training in each Region of the country.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14268437.v1
title: Migrant Physicians and Professional Training: the Case of Brazil

description: Abstract: Migration is a markedly economic and social phenomenon with effects on modern society. It is obviously related to the set of events which constitute Brazilian history. This article sheds light on the issue of medical professional migration. The main hypothesis is that medical specialization defines migratory movements. By focusing on physicians who migrate from the place where they obtain their undergraduate training to other areas in the search for specialization -the so-called 'intraining migrant physicians' -, we adopted the medical specialization chosen by physicians in their residence program as the main dependent variable. We used the research database 'Profile of Medical Doctors in Brazil'. ln accordance with the methodology, we followed the direction Brazil &gt; Regions &gt; States, establishing the part of the population which is the study target. Recently graduated physicians, both men and women, migrate twards residence programs in their area of professional interest. What route do they take? Which States/Regions of Brazil attract most migratory moves? The study concludes by describing trend, in professional training in each Region of the country.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279371
title: PRÁTICAS MÉDICAS ORTODOXAS E HETERODOXAS

description: Summary: ln this study, the authors researched the heterodox medicine influence on the people daily. Across interviews with 163 persons, disposed in distinct three groups - medicine students, superior level other courses students and ambulatories users could verify the acceptance of heterodox practices among people, so as the preferred heterodox medicine modalities and the first assistance method searched by the sick persons.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279371.v1
title: PRÁTICAS MÉDICAS ORTODOXAS E HETERODOXAS

description: Summary: ln this study, the authors researched the heterodox medicine influence on the people daily. Across interviews with 163 persons, disposed in distinct three groups - medicine students, superior level other courses students and ambulatories users could verify the acceptance of heterodox practices among people, so as the preferred heterodox medicine modalities and the first assistance method searched by the sick persons.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279375
title: Efficacy of Risk Factor Counseling as Perceived by Medical Students

description: Abstract: Counseling is a mode of educational communication that is bound to play an increasing role in the future delivery of preventive services. The purpose of this study was to examine medical students' perceptions of their self-efficacy in counseling and the relationship of the perceptions to a patient education learning experience and the stage of undergraduate training. Data were obtained through two inventories: first a questionnaire to measure students self-efficacy and attitudes about counseling and health risk reduction, and later a self-assessment of learning outcomes from the patient education experience. Students' perceptions of self-efficacy in counseling were moderate in strength and significantly related to self-assessment of the patient-educator role. Self-efficacy levels varied across the areas of counseling, such as smoking cessation, stress reduction, and nutritional guidance. No differences were found in the distribution of self-efficacy measures between categories of attitudinal approach to counseling identified by content analysis. In addition, there was a strong trend for increasing self-efficacy in the patient-educator role with progressive stages of undergraduate training. The results confirm the usefulness of measuring the development of self-efficacy and reinforce the idea of the importancc of specific educationa/ praclices in fostering improvement of medical students' counseli.ng performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279376
title: Concepts of evaluation among Pharmacy and Biochemistry f aculty and students at Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

description: Abstract: This paper is based on an investigation of learning evaluation concepts held by faculty members and students from the school of Pharmacy (Biochemistry major) at the Universidade Estadual de Londrina. A qualitative case study allowed for analysis of the answers given to a questionnaire filled out by teachers and students and interviews with some teachers from the above-mentioned major course. Concepts of evaluation were frequently associated with educational measurement and present characteristics of classificatory evaluation, which favors quantification of students, learning with an emphasis on the transmission of program contents and knowledge memorization or role learning. The main difficulty in evaluation is the lack. of didactic and pedagogical training of teachers from the health area, who require consolidation of basic concepts in evaluation and a critical reflection by teachers and students on the pedagogical issues related to undergraduate health sciences courses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279376.v1
title: Concepts of evaluation among Pharmacy and Biochemistry f aculty and students at Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

description: Abstract: This paper is based on an investigation of learning evaluation concepts held by faculty members and students from the school of Pharmacy (Biochemistry major) at the Universidade Estadual de Londrina. A qualitative case study allowed for analysis of the answers given to a questionnaire filled out by teachers and students and interviews with some teachers from the above-mentioned major course. Concepts of evaluation were frequently associated with educational measurement and present characteristics of classificatory evaluation, which favors quantification of students, learning with an emphasis on the transmission of program contents and knowledge memorization or role learning. The main difficulty in evaluation is the lack. of didactic and pedagogical training of teachers from the health area, who require consolidation of basic concepts in evaluation and a critical reflection by teachers and students on the pedagogical issues related to undergraduate health sciences courses.