DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ds4gd
title: Data from: Regional and environmental variation in escalatory ecological trends during the Jurassic: a western Tethys hotspot for escalation?

description: Understanding the drivers of macroevolutionary trends through the
 Phanerozoic has been a central question in paleobiology. Increasingly
 important is understanding the regional and environmental variation of
 macroevolutionary patterns and how they are reflected at the global scale.
 Here we test the role of biotic interactions on regional ecological
 patterns during the Mesozoic marine revolution. We test for escalatory
 trends in Jurassic marine benthic macroinvertebrate ecosystems using
 occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database parsed by region and
 environment. The escalation hypothesis posits that taxonomic groups that
 could adapt to intense predation and bioturbation proliferated, whereas
 groups unable to adapt were reduced in diversity and abundance or driven
 to extinction. We tested this hypothesis in five regions during Jurassic
 stages and among four depositional environments in Europe. Few escalatory
 trends were detected, although at least one escalatory trend was observed
 in every region, with the greatest number and strongest trends observed in
 Europe. These trends include increases in shallow infauna and cementing
 epifauna and occurrences of facultatively mobile invertebrates and
 decreases in pedunculate, free-lying, and sessile epifauna. Within Europe,
 escalatory trends occur in shallow-water environments but also in
 deeper-water environments, where they are predicted not to occur. When
 regional trends are aggregated, trends in Europe drive the global signal.
 The results of this study suggest that while evidence of escalation is
 rare globally, it is plausible that escalation drove macroevolutionary
 patterns in Europe. Furthermore, these results underline the need to
 dissect global fossil data at the regional scale to understand global
 macroevolutionary dynamics.
description: occurrencesPaleobiology Database occurrence file used for analysisClusteredOccurrencesPaleobiology Database occurrence file with regions analyzed addedPolygonCoordinatesList of paleocoordinates used to create regions of occurrences analyzedPntInPolyText file with R script used to assign regions to PBDB occurrence file.percentConfidenceIntervalR function to calculate confidence intervals on percentages based on David Raup's method.percentEcolTraitR function used to calculate the percent ecologic traits.Regional Occurrence PercentagesText file with R script that calculates the percent occurrences of individual ecological traits in each region.Global Occurrence PercentagesText file of R script used calculate the global percent occurrence of individual ecological traits.Europe Environments Occurrence PercentagesText file of R script used to calculate percent occurrences of individual ecological traits by European depositional environment.GlobalrandomizationText file of R script to perform a 10,000 randomization permutation shuffling time bins of global occurrences.EuroperandomizationText file of R script to perform a 10,000 randomization permutation shuffling time bins of European occurrences.RegionalShuffleText file of R script to perform a 10,000 randomization permutation shuffling occurrences by regions.ShellMineralogyText file of R script to calculate the percent occurrences by shell mineralogy.GlobalShellMineralogyPlot of percent occurrences by shell mineralogy.SOM Table 1Supplementary table of Spearman’s rank correlation tests of changes in tiering by taxonomic groups over time during the Jurassic in Europe.