cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29358814.v1
title: Mitochondrial anchor protein Num11 is key to pathogenicity of <i>Candida albicans</i> by affecting mitochondrial function and cell wall masking

description: The mitochondrial anchoring protein Num1 directly affects mitochondrial redox function, cell division, and growth in unicellular fungi. However, the functional characterization of Num11, its <i>Candida albicans</i> homolog, remains elusive. Our investigation revealed that Num11 deletion in <i>C. albicans</i> caused profound cellular defects: (1) Disrupted cell cycle progression and mitochondrial dysfunction manifesting as mitochondrial morphological aggregation, ATP depletion, membrane potential collapse, and ROS overproduction; (2) Hypersensitivity to cell wall-perturbing agents accompanied by thicker cell walls and increased surface exposure of β-glucan/chitin; (3) Enhanced macrophage phagocytosis and proinflammatory cytokine release. These cellular alterations translated to significantly attenuated virulence in both <i>Galleria mellonella</i> and systematic mice infection models. Mechanistically, transcriptome profiling and protein interaction analyses demonstrated Num11 deficiency hyperactivates the Cdc42-Cek1 MAPK cascade (phospho-Cek1 increased), driving cell wall remodeling. Our findings establish Num11’s dual closely connected regulatory roles in <i>C. albicans</i> pathogenesis: as a mitochondrial scaffold maintaining bioenergetic homeostasis to attenuate growth and as a negative regulator of the Cdc42-Cek1 axis controlling cell wall architecture through affection on mitochondria. These coordinated actions collectively underscore Num11’s critical role in mediating host–pathogen interactions during invasive candidiasis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30128120.v1
title: The global regulator SpoVG modulates <i>staphylococcus aureus</i> virulence through Agr-dependent pathways

description: <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) is a major pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections in both community and healthcare settings. Its virulence is orchestrated by a complex regulatory network. SpoVG, a global regulator in <i>S. aureus</i>, has been shown to play crucial roles in antibiotic tolerance, stress adaptation, and biofilm formation. However, its specific role in virulence regulation has remained poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of SpoVG in the modulation of <i>S. aureus</i> virulence. The results demonstrate that deletion of <i>spoVG</i> significantly increased the hemolytic activity and virulence of the SA3 strain, as evidenced by both in vitro assays and murine infection models. Transcriptomic profiling and RT – qPCR analyses revealed that inactivation of <i>spoVG</i> activated the Agr quorum-sensing system, resulting in upregulating key virulence genes, including <i>psmα</i>, <i>psmβ</i>, <i>hla</i>, and <i>hlg</i>. Further, β-galactosidase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) confirmed that SpoVG directly binds to the promoter regions of <i>agrACDB</i>, <i>psmα</i>, and <i>psmβ</i>, thereby repressing their transcription. Collectively, these findings identify SpoVG as a critical negative regulator of virulence in <i>S. aureus</i>, acting through direct repression of the Agr system and its downstream effectors. This study provides new mechanistic insights into SpoVG-mediated virulence regulation and highlights SpoVG as a potential target for anti-virulence strategies against <i>S. aureus</i> infections.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.6vfsth
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 7354 records in GBIF matching the query:
SELECT
 '50' AS fish_cell,
 GBIF_MGRSCode(1000, decimalLatitude, decimalLongitude, 0) AS cell, -- NO randomization
 COUNT(DISTINCT speciesKey) AS species_richness
 FROM occurrence
 WHERE hasCoordinate = TRUE
 AND speciesKey IS NOT NULL
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'ZERO_COORDINATE')
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'COORDINATE_OUT_OF_RANGE')
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'COORDINATE_INVALID')
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'COUNTRY_COORDINATE_MISMATCH')
 AND decimalLatitude &gt;= -24.552553756517728
 AND decimalLatitude &lt;= -20.3845909579754
 AND decimalLongitude &gt;= -68.77059728799237
 AND decimalLongitude &lt;= -62.307629233515655
 AND "year" &gt;= 2015
 AND "year" &lt;= 2026
 AND (coordinateUncertaintyInMeters &lt;= 100 OR coordinateUncertaintyInMeters IS NULL)
 GROUP BY fish_cell, cell

 The dataset's 7354 records were derived from 82 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003548-260120142942310/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29204917
title: <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> down regulated flavone and flavonol biosynthesis promoted Kawasaki disease

description: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a multisystemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology in children. The incidence of KD varies by geographic area and correlates with differences in gut microbiota patterns, with the highest incidence in Asian. This study aimed to investigate alterations in faecal microbiota and assess their relationship with systemic inflammation in KD patients. A total of 59 patients and 55 matched controls were included. Fecal samples were collected at the onset of KD. The V3/V4 regions of 16S rDNA were sequenced using the MiSeq platform. PICRUSt 2 was used to analyse the potential functional pathways involved in gut dysbiosis. Alpha (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.042) and beta (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) diversity in KD were significantly decreased when compared to the control group. After multivariate regression, among the seven critical microbes, increased <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and decreased Bacteroides ovatus (<i>p</i> = 0.014) could also predict KD risk using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis (<i>Eggerthella lenta</i>: area under the ROC curve, AUC = 0.841, odds ratio = 23.956; Bacteroides ovatus: AUC = 0.816, odds ratio = 31.365). Notably, <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> was positively correlated with blood segment cells (<i>p</i> = 0.006), but negatively correlated with blood lymphocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.013). After multivariate regression, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis decreased in children with KD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Our results indicated that both <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> and <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> may deregulate flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, consequently modulating immune cells and potentially triggering KD. This study suggests that alterations in the gut microbiota are closely associated with immune responses and provides a new perspective on the aetiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of KD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28239125
title: Immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy of <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>-derived extracellular vesicles as a novel vaccine candidate

description: <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i> (APP) is a significant pathogen in the swine industry, leading to substantial economic losses and highlighting the need for effective vaccines. This study evaluates the potential of APP-derived extracellular vesicles (APP-EVs) as a vaccine candidate compared to the commercial Coglapix vaccine. APP-EVs, isolated using tangential flow filtration (TFF) and cushioned ultracentrifugation, exhibited an average size of 105 nm and a zeta potential of −17.4 mV. These EVs demonstrated stability under external stressors, such as pH changes and enzymatic exposure and were found to contain 86 major metabolites. Additionally, APP-EVs induced dendritic cell (DC) maturation in a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. APP-EVs predominantly elicited Th1-mediated IgG responses in immunized mice without significant liver and kidney toxicity. Contrarily, unlike Coglapix, which induced stronger Th2-mediated responses and notable toxicity. In addition, APP-EVs triggered APP-specific Th1, Th17, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and promoted the activation of multifunctional T-cells. Notably, APP-EV immunization enhanced macrophage phagocytosis and improved survival rates in mice challenged with APP infection compared to those treated with Coglapix. These findings suggest that APP-EVs are promising vaccine candidates, capable of inducing potent APP-specific T-cell responses, particularly Th1, Th17, CTL, and multifunctional T-cells, thereby enhancing the protective immune response against APP infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28239125.v1
title: Immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy of <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i>-derived extracellular vesicles as a novel vaccine candidate

description: <i>Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae</i> (APP) is a significant pathogen in the swine industry, leading to substantial economic losses and highlighting the need for effective vaccines. This study evaluates the potential of APP-derived extracellular vesicles (APP-EVs) as a vaccine candidate compared to the commercial Coglapix vaccine. APP-EVs, isolated using tangential flow filtration (TFF) and cushioned ultracentrifugation, exhibited an average size of 105 nm and a zeta potential of −17.4 mV. These EVs demonstrated stability under external stressors, such as pH changes and enzymatic exposure and were found to contain 86 major metabolites. Additionally, APP-EVs induced dendritic cell (DC) maturation in a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. APP-EVs predominantly elicited Th1-mediated IgG responses in immunized mice without significant liver and kidney toxicity. Contrarily, unlike Coglapix, which induced stronger Th2-mediated responses and notable toxicity. In addition, APP-EVs triggered APP-specific Th1, Th17, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and promoted the activation of multifunctional T-cells. Notably, APP-EV immunization enhanced macrophage phagocytosis and improved survival rates in mice challenged with APP infection compared to those treated with Coglapix. These findings suggest that APP-EVs are promising vaccine candidates, capable of inducing potent APP-specific T-cell responses, particularly Th1, Th17, CTL, and multifunctional T-cells, thereby enhancing the protective immune response against APP infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29204917.v1
title: <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> down regulated flavone and flavonol biosynthesis promoted Kawasaki disease

description: Kawasaki Disease (KD) is a multisystemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology in children. The incidence of KD varies by geographic area and correlates with differences in gut microbiota patterns, with the highest incidence in Asian. This study aimed to investigate alterations in faecal microbiota and assess their relationship with systemic inflammation in KD patients. A total of 59 patients and 55 matched controls were included. Fecal samples were collected at the onset of KD. The V3/V4 regions of 16S rDNA were sequenced using the MiSeq platform. PICRUSt 2 was used to analyse the potential functional pathways involved in gut dysbiosis. Alpha (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.042) and beta (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) diversity in KD were significantly decreased when compared to the control group. After multivariate regression, among the seven critical microbes, increased <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and decreased Bacteroides ovatus (<i>p</i> = 0.014) could also predict KD risk using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis (<i>Eggerthella lenta</i>: area under the ROC curve, AUC = 0.841, odds ratio = 23.956; Bacteroides ovatus: AUC = 0.816, odds ratio = 31.365). Notably, <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> was positively correlated with blood segment cells (<i>p</i> = 0.006), but negatively correlated with blood lymphocytes (<i>p</i> = 0.013). After multivariate regression, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis decreased in children with KD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Our results indicated that both <i>Bacteroides ovatus</i> and <i>Eggerthella lenta</i> may deregulate flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, consequently modulating immune cells and potentially triggering KD. This study suggests that alterations in the gut microbiota are closely associated with immune responses and provides a new perspective on the aetiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of KD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30407546
title: Immunoregulation mediated by the enzyme inhibitory activity of helminth-derived serine protease inhibitor affects the protective efficiency of vaccines

description: Recently, the prevalence of trichinellosis has increased the threat to animal food safety and public health worldwide. Pathogen-derived proteins are potential vaccine candidates for preventing and controlling <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> (<i>T. spiralis</i>) infection. However, the effect of protein-induced immunoregulation on vaccine protection remains unclear. In this study, a secretory protein derived from <i>T. spiralis</i> (<i>Ts</i>-serpin), whose enzyme inhibitory activity interfered with the host enzymatic reaction, was selected to reveal the way in which enzyme inhibitory activity regulates the immune system and its impact on the protective efficiency of vaccines. By modifying <i>Ts</i>-serpin, mutant proteins not only reduce the enzyme inhibition activity of <i>Ts</i>-serpin but also enhance the protective effect of vaccines in female BALB/c mice. The preference of mutant proteins for the inhibition on chymotrypsin and elastase affects different types of immune cells. In summary, the diverse inhibitory effects of <i>Ts</i>-serpin on serine proteases were shown to reduce the protective effects of active immunity by regulating the immune system. Our research provides an important basis for modifying protease inhibitors as vaccines to prevent infectious diseases and provides evidence for pathogenic invasion by interfering with host protease-related activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30407546.v1
title: Immunoregulation mediated by the enzyme inhibitory activity of helminth-derived serine protease inhibitor affects the protective efficiency of vaccines

description: Recently, the prevalence of trichinellosis has increased the threat to animal food safety and public health worldwide. Pathogen-derived proteins are potential vaccine candidates for preventing and controlling <i>Trichinella spiralis</i> (<i>T. spiralis</i>) infection. However, the effect of protein-induced immunoregulation on vaccine protection remains unclear. In this study, a secretory protein derived from <i>T. spiralis</i> (<i>Ts</i>-serpin), whose enzyme inhibitory activity interfered with the host enzymatic reaction, was selected to reveal the way in which enzyme inhibitory activity regulates the immune system and its impact on the protective efficiency of vaccines. By modifying <i>Ts</i>-serpin, mutant proteins not only reduce the enzyme inhibition activity of <i>Ts</i>-serpin but also enhance the protective effect of vaccines in female BALB/c mice. The preference of mutant proteins for the inhibition on chymotrypsin and elastase affects different types of immune cells. In summary, the diverse inhibitory effects of <i>Ts</i>-serpin on serine proteases were shown to reduce the protective effects of active immunity by regulating the immune system. Our research provides an important basis for modifying protease inhibitors as vaccines to prevent infectious diseases and provides evidence for pathogenic invasion by interfering with host protease-related activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28194913
title: Characterization and genomic insights into bacteriophages Kpph1 and Kpph9 against hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>

description: The increasing incidence of infections attributed to hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (Hv-CRKp) is of considerable concern. Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria; thus, phage-based therapies offer promising alternatives to antibiotic treatments targeting Hv-CRKp infections. In this study, two isolated bacteriophages, Kpph1 and Kpph9, were characterized for their specificity against the Hv-CRKp <i>K. pneumoniae</i> NUHL30457 strain that possesses a K2 capsule serotype. Both phages exhibit remarkable environmental tolerance, displaying stability over a range of pH values (4–11) and temperatures (up to 50°C). The phages demonstrate potent antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy, as indicated by their capacity to inhibit biofilm formation and to disrupt established biofilms of Hv-CRKp. Through phylogenetic analysis, it has been revealed that Kpph1 belongs to the new species of <i>Webervirus</i> genus, and Kpph9 to the <i>Drulisvirus</i> genus. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the tail fiber protein region exhibits the greatest diversity in the genomes of phages within the same genus, which implies distinct co-evolution histories between phages and their corresponding hosts. Interestingly, both phages have been found to contain two tail fiber proteins that may exhibit potential depolymerase activities. However, the exact role of depolymerase in the interaction between phages and their hosts warrants further investigation. In summary, our findings emphasize the therapeutic promise of phages Kpph1 and Kpph9, as well as their encoded proteins, in the context of research on phage therapy targeting hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28194913.v1
title: Characterization and genomic insights into bacteriophages Kpph1 and Kpph9 against hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>

description: The increasing incidence of infections attributed to hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (Hv-CRKp) is of considerable concern. Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria; thus, phage-based therapies offer promising alternatives to antibiotic treatments targeting Hv-CRKp infections. In this study, two isolated bacteriophages, Kpph1 and Kpph9, were characterized for their specificity against the Hv-CRKp <i>K. pneumoniae</i> NUHL30457 strain that possesses a K2 capsule serotype. Both phages exhibit remarkable environmental tolerance, displaying stability over a range of pH values (4–11) and temperatures (up to 50°C). The phages demonstrate potent antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy, as indicated by their capacity to inhibit biofilm formation and to disrupt established biofilms of Hv-CRKp. Through phylogenetic analysis, it has been revealed that Kpph1 belongs to the new species of <i>Webervirus</i> genus, and Kpph9 to the <i>Drulisvirus</i> genus. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the tail fiber protein region exhibits the greatest diversity in the genomes of phages within the same genus, which implies distinct co-evolution histories between phages and their corresponding hosts. Interestingly, both phages have been found to contain two tail fiber proteins that may exhibit potential depolymerase activities. However, the exact role of depolymerase in the interaction between phages and their hosts warrants further investigation. In summary, our findings emphasize the therapeutic promise of phages Kpph1 and Kpph9, as well as their encoded proteins, in the context of research on phage therapy targeting hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29002715
title: Differences in virulence and drug resistance between <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> ST37 and ST1 isolates

description: One of the most common hospital-acquired infections is caused by toxigenic Clostridioides difficile. Although C. difficile ST37 only produces a functional toxin B, it causes disease as severe as that caused by hypervirulent ST1. We aim to compare the differences in virulence and drug resistance between ST37 and ST1 isolates. We conducted whole-genome sequencing on ST37 and ST1 isolates, analyzing their type-specific genes, and the distribution and mutation of genes related to virulence and antibiotic resistance. We compared the in vitro virulence-related phenotypes of ST37 and ST1 isolates, including: TcdB concentration, number of spores formed, aggregation rate, biofilm formation, swimming diameter in semi-solid medium, motility diameter on the surface of solid medium, and their resistance to 14 CDI-related antibiotics. We detected 4 ST37-specific genes related to adherence, including lytC, cbpA, CD3246, and srtB. We detected 97 virulence-related genes in ST37 isolates that exhibit genomic differences compared to ST1. ST37 isolates showed increased aggregation, biofilm formation, and surface motility compared to ST1 in vitro. Chloramphenicol resistance gene catQ and tetracycline resistance gene tetM are present in ST37 but absent in ST1 strains. The resistance rates of ST37 to chloramphenicol and tetracycline were 45.4% and 81.8%, respectively, whereas ST1 isolates were sensitive to both antibiotics. ST1 was more resistant to rifaximin than ST37. ST37 isolates showed stronger aggregation, biofilm formation and surface motility, and had higher resistance rates to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. ST1 isolates showed stronger ability to produce toxin and sporulation, and was highly resistant to rifaximin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29002715.v1
title: Differences in virulence and drug resistance between <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> ST37 and ST1 isolates

description: One of the most common hospital-acquired infections is caused by toxigenic Clostridioides difficile. Although C. difficile ST37 only produces a functional toxin B, it causes disease as severe as that caused by hypervirulent ST1. We aim to compare the differences in virulence and drug resistance between ST37 and ST1 isolates. We conducted whole-genome sequencing on ST37 and ST1 isolates, analyzing their type-specific genes, and the distribution and mutation of genes related to virulence and antibiotic resistance. We compared the in vitro virulence-related phenotypes of ST37 and ST1 isolates, including: TcdB concentration, number of spores formed, aggregation rate, biofilm formation, swimming diameter in semi-solid medium, motility diameter on the surface of solid medium, and their resistance to 14 CDI-related antibiotics. We detected 4 ST37-specific genes related to adherence, including lytC, cbpA, CD3246, and srtB. We detected 97 virulence-related genes in ST37 isolates that exhibit genomic differences compared to ST1. ST37 isolates showed increased aggregation, biofilm formation, and surface motility compared to ST1 in vitro. Chloramphenicol resistance gene catQ and tetracycline resistance gene tetM are present in ST37 but absent in ST1 strains. The resistance rates of ST37 to chloramphenicol and tetracycline were 45.4% and 81.8%, respectively, whereas ST1 isolates were sensitive to both antibiotics. ST1 was more resistant to rifaximin than ST37. ST37 isolates showed stronger aggregation, biofilm formation and surface motility, and had higher resistance rates to chloramphenicol and tetracycline. ST1 isolates showed stronger ability to produce toxin and sporulation, and was highly resistant to rifaximin.