cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2v6wwpzm2
title: Supplementary materials: Monitoring recovery of overgrazed lichen communities on Hagemeister Island, southwestern Alaska

description: Understanding the recovery rate of overgrazed lichen communities has value
 to mangers of lands in northern regions.  We describe lichen
 community composition and present recovery rate measurements for a 12-year
 period following overgrazing by reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) on
 Hagemeister Island, Alaska.  Reindeer were removed from the
 island in 1993 following overgrazing and average total lichen biomass
 increased from 504.2 kg/ha (SD 205.4) in 2003 to 795.3 (SD 489.6) in 2015.
  We estimate time to recovery with three competing growth curves
 which estimate grazeable biomass may be reached in 34-41 years.
  However, estimates of full recovery to climax biomass varied
 among the models, ranging from 71 to 400 years.   In
 2015, lichen communities were composed of various mixtures of at least 78
 lichen taxa, and were dominated by Cladina stygia and other important
 reindeer forage species.   While reindeer overgrazing
 diminished forage quantity, it did not extirpate preferred forage taxa.
DOI: 10.25338/b8s044
title: Invigoration or enervation? Figure data and code

description: This repository contains the figure data and code required to generate the
 figures that appear in Igel and van den Heever (2021) Invigoration or
 enervation of convective clouds by aerosols? in Geophysical Research
 Letters. We present new theoretical calculations which starkly contrast
 previous results. Prior foundational work suggested that aerosols strongly
 invigorate convective cloud updrafts via changes to cold-phase processes.
 We show that the peak magnitude of invigoration by this mechanism is
 substantially reduced for cold-based storms. For warm-based storms, the
 updrafts are weakened, not strengthened, by aerosol-induced changes to
 cold-phase processes. Our calculations show that if invigoration occurs,
 it is driven primarily by changes to warm-phase processes and maybe
 largest well before the storm reaches maturity. The calculations are based
 on a new formulation of the moist adiabatic lapse rate that accounts for
 freezing, supersaturation, and condensate loading. The results
 significantly reshape our understanding of the impact of aerosols on
 convective updrafts.
description: Theoretically generated data. See the paper and code for full
 details.
description: Figure data and Matlab code used to create Figures 1, 3, and 4.
 Includes raw code to solve the moist adiabatic lapse rate equation that
 was derived in the paper.<br>Update 10/2023: The same code has now
 been used to generate a figure that appears in Varble et al (2023) in
 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. One additional file has been deposited
 in support of that publication.
description: # Invigoration or enervation? Figure data and code
 [https://doi.org/10.25338/B8S044] invig_figs_and_analysis_grl.m contains
 code to generate the figures moistlapse2.m is the solver for the moist
 adiabatic lapse rate equation. The code is well-commented and contains
 information about the required inputs. All other .m files are called by
 moistlapse2.moist All .fig files are Matlab figure files which contain
 both a figure and the data used to generate the figure.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pnvx0k6kz
title: Impacts of ambient temperature and clutch size on incubation behaviour onset in a female-only incubator songbird

description: Ambient temperature is assumed to be the major cue used by passerines to
 synchronize their laying and hatching dates to the expected peak of prey
 availability. While laying eggs, females are still able to fine-tune their
 hatching date following increasing or decreasing patterns of ambient
 temperature, mostly via changes in incubation onset. The onset of
 incubation behaviour in relation to the laying sequence could have later
 consequences for the duration of the incubation period and the extent of
 hatching asynchrony. Clutch size is also known to affect incubation
 patterns and might therefore condition potential responses to changing
 temperatures. In this study we assessed the effect of ambient temperature
 and clutch size on the onset of four different incubation behaviours:
 partial and full nocturnal incubation, and partial and full diurnal
 incubation. We also evaluated the effect of the onset and duration of each
 incubation behaviour on the total duration of diurnal full incubation and
 the extent of hatching asynchrony. To achieve our aims, we monitored
 incubation behaviour using temperature data loggers during the egg laying
 period in three Mediterranean Great Tit Parus
 major populations in three consecutive years. Our results showed
 that increasing temperatures were related to an advance of diurnal partial
 incubation, but not to its duration, nor to the onset of full incubation
 behaviour. We did not find any effect of ambient temperatures on nocturnal
 incubation. However, females lengthened nocturnal partial incubation and
 delayed the onset of nocturnal full and diurnal partial incubation, when
 laying larger clutches. Longer diurnal incubation before clutch completion
 was associated with greater hatching asynchrony. Moreover, longer diurnal
 partial incubation shortened the duration of the full incubation period.
 In conclusion, increasing ambient temperatures during the egg-laying
 period advanced diurnal partial incubation, indirectly shortening the full
 incubation period and increasing hatching asynchrony.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.59zw3r263
title: Living in the concrete jungle: carnivore spatial ecology in urban parks

description: People and wildlife are living in an increasingly urban world, replete
 with unprecedented human densities, sprawling built environments, and
 altered landscapes. Such anthropogenic
 pressures can affect multiple processes within an ecological community, from spatial patterns to interspecific interactions. We tested two competing hypotheses, human shields versus human competitors, to characterize how humans affect the carnivore community using multi-species occupancy models. From 2017-2020, we conducted the first camera survey of city parks in Detroit, Michigan, and collected spatial occurrence data of the local native carnivore community. Our 12,106-trap night survey captured detected data for coyotes (Canis latrans), red foxes (Vulpes vulpes), gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), raccoons (Procyon lotor), and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis). Overall occupancy varied across species (Ψcoyote=0.40, Ψ raccoon=0.54, Ψred fox =0.19, Ψstriped skunk =0.09). Contrary to expectations, humans did not significantly affect individual occupancy for these urban carnivores. However, co-occurrence between coyote and skunk only increased with human activity. The observed positive spatial association between an apex and subordinate pair supports the human shield hypothesis. Our findings demonstrate how urban carnivores can exploit spatial refugia and coexist with humans in the cityscape. 
description: Multi-species occupancy model of Detroit carnivores following
 Rota 2016
description: ReadMe file uploaded as a supplemental .docx file defining
 variables as well as describing the data frames for users.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vx0k6djqj
title: Input and output files for WRF urban simulations for the metropolitan area of Tel-Aviv

description: We implement and verify for the first time four Weather Research and
 Forecasting model urban configurations, focused on the coastal
 metropolitan area of Tel-Aviv (MTA) using updated land use and
 morphological maps. We analyze the mesoscale summertime flow and the urban
 canopy (UC) role in the occurrence of different hodograph dynamics
 observed within MTA at night. These events may be significant in air
 quality research. The four configurations – bulk (MM), single-layer
 (SLUCM), multi-layer (BEP), and BEP coupled with the building energy model
 – reproduce the observed diurnal temperature and wind cycles, with similar
 10m wind direction bias and RMSE (15o and ~30o, respectively),
 with preference for MM and SLUCM at night. However, the SLUCM shows the
 lowest skill for the 10m wind speed (WS) (bias and RMSE 1ms-1), and the
 BEP shows the largest underestimation of the 2m temperature, ~-2.5oC. In
 the SLUCM, the WS increases over an UC and with increasing building
 heights. These results call for a re-examination of the SLUCM WS
 parameterization. The simulations show that at night, a convergence line
 (CL) builds up with the urban heat island, downstream of the NW flow. West
 of the CL, the wind continues flowing from the sea, and rotates
 anti-clockwise to form a non-elliptical sea-breeze hodograph. Removing MTA
 UC restores an elliptical hodograph. East of the CL, the UC supports an
 elliptical hodograph with a clockwise rotation through the NE sector,
 previously reported as dynamically unstable. We expect such wind hodograph
 dynamics within similar coastal metropolitan areas.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sj3tx963p
title: Fine-scale habitat heterogeneity favours the coexistence of supergene-controlled social forms in Formica selysi

description: Background: Social insects vary widely in social organization, yet the
 genetical and ecological factors influencing this variation remain poorly
 known. In particular, whether spatially varying selection influences the
 maintenance of social polymorphisms in ants has been rarely investigated.
 To fill this gap, we examined whether fine-scale habitat heterogeneity
 contributes to the co-existence of alternative forms of social
 organization within populations. Single-queen colonies (monogyne social
 form) are generally associated with better colonization abilities, whereas
 multiple-queen colonies (polygyne social form) are predicted to be better
 competitors and monopolize saturated habitats. We hypothesize that each
 social form colonizes and thrives in distinct local habitats, as a result
 of their alternative dispersal and colony founding strategies. Here, we
 test this hypothesis in the Alpine silver ant, in which a supergene
 controls polymorphic social organization. Results: Monogyne and polygyne
 colonies predominate in distinct habitats of the same population. The
 analysis of 59 sampling plots distributed across six habitats revealed
 that single-queen colonies mostly occupy unconnected habitats that were
 most likely reached by flight. This includes young habitats isolated by
 water and old habitats isolated by vegetation. In contrast, multiple-queen
 colonies were abundant in young, continuous and saturated habitats. Hence,
 alternative social forms colonize and monopolize distinct niches at a very
 local scale. Conclusions: Alternative social forms colonized and
 monopolized different local habitats, in accordance with differences in
 colonization and competition abilities. The monogyne social form displays
 a colonizer phenotype, by efficiently occupying empty habitats, while the
 polygyne social form exhibits a competitor phenotype, thriving in
 saturated habitats. The combination of the two phenotypes, coupled with
 fine-scale habitat heterogeneity, may allow the coexistence of alternative
 social forms within populations. Overall, these results suggest that
 spatially varying selection may be one of the mechanisms contributing to
 the maintenance of genetic polymorphisms in social organization.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6m905qfzd
title: Prevalence and factors related to psychological distress among White Thai adults in Mai Chau, Vietnam

description: Background and objectives: Psychological distress is one of the greatest
 health threats facing humanity and has been hypothesized to represent an
 evolutionary mismatch. This hypothesis can be tested in semi-traditional
 societies that are undergoing transitions to modern lifestyles. This study
 used an evolutionary medicine framework to examine the predictors of
 psychological distress symptomology in a semi-modern ethnic minority
 village in rural Vietnam that is transitioning into a developing economy.
 Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Chieng Sai Village
 among White Thai ethnic minority adults aged 18-75. The DASS-21 scale was
 used to measure the prevalence of psychological distress symptoms, and a
 closed format questionnaire was used to collect data on independent
 variables. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine
 associated factors of psychological distress symptomology. Results: The
 prevalence of psychological distress symptoms was 33.2% (depression=16.9%,
 stress=16.3%). Common features of modernity, such as low levels of
 exercise, boredom, and low income, showed a positive association with
 psychological distress, while lifestyle features that were more similar to
 those expected in the evolutionary past and that fulfilled evolutionary
 adaptations, such as getting enough sleep, physical exertion, and earning
 sufficient income (access to resources), showed a negative association
 with psychological distress. Conclusions and Implications: This study
 suggests that modern lifestyles might have generated evolutionary
 mismatches that have negative impacts on mental health in Chieng Sai
 Village. Future research should focus on determining the causal
 relationship between psychological distress and evolutionary mismatches.
 Evolutionary medicine approaches to understanding and treating
 psychological distress are potential forces of disease reduction to be
 considered in public health and educational
 policy.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gjjyjw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 45 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters 0.0-5000.0",
 "TaxonKey is Echinochloa stagnina"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 45 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002719-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rv15dv477
title: Maternal food restriction during pregnancy affects offspring development and swimming performance in a placental live-bearing fish

description: How pregnant mothers allocate limited resources to different biological
 functions such as maintenance, somatic growth, and reproduction can have
 profound implications for early life development and survival of
 offspring. Here we examined the effects of maternal food restriction
 during pregnancy on offspring in the matrotrophic (i.e. mother-nourishment
 throughout gestation) live-bearing fish species Phalloptychus januarius
 (Poeciliidae). We fed pregnant females either with a ‘low-food’ or
 ‘high-food’ ration for six weeks and quantified the consequences for
 offspring size and body fat at birth and one week after birth. We further
 measured fast-start escape performance of offspring at birth, as well as
 swimming kinematics during prey capture at zero, two, and seven days after
 birth. We found that the length of maternal food restriction during
 pregnancy negatively affected offspring dry mass and lean dry mass at
 birth, as well as body fat gain during the first week after birth.
 Moreover, it impacted the locomotor performance of offspring during prey
 capture at, and during the first week after, birth. We did not observe an
 effect of food restriction on fast-start escape performance of offspring.
 Our study suggests that matrotrophic poeciliid fish are maladapted to
 unpredictably fluctuating resource environments, because sudden reductions
 in maternal food availability during pregnancy result in smaller offspring
 with slower postnatal body fat gain and an inhibition of postnatal
 improving swimming skills during feeding, potentially leading to lower
 competitive abilities after birth.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tdz08kpzf
title: Behavioral and chemical composition data for: Maternal and personal information mediates the use of social cues about predation risk

description: Organisms can gain information about predation risks from their parents,
 their own personal experience, and their conspecifics and adjust their
 behavior to alleviate these risks. These different sources of information
 can, however, provide conflicting information due to spatial and temporal
 variation of the environment. This raises the question of how these cues
 are integrated to produce adaptive antipredator behavior. We investigated
 how common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) adjust the use of conspecific cues
 about predation risk depending on whether the information is maternally or
 personally acquired. We experimentally manipulated the presence of
 predator scent in gestating mothers and their offspring in a full-crossed
 design. We then tested the consequences for social information use by
 monitoring offspring social response to conspecifics previously exposed to
 predator cues or not. Lizards were more attracted to the scent of
 conspecifics having experienced predation cues when they had themselves no
 personal information about predation risk. In contrast, they were more
 repulsed by conspecific scent when they had personally obtained
 information about predation risk. However, the addition of maternal
 information about predation risk canceled out this interactive effect
 between personal and social information: lizards were slightly more
 attracted to conspecific scent when these two sources of information about
 predation risk were in agreement. A chemical analysis of lizard scent
 revealed that exposure to predator cues modified the chemical composition
 of lizard scents, a change that might underlie lizards’ use of social
 information. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple
 sources of information while studying antipredator defenses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t4b8gtj11
title: Cross-cultural perception of female facial appearance: A multi-ethnic and multi-centre study

description: Humans extract and use information from the face in assessments of
 physical appearance. Previous research indicates high agreement about
 facial attractiveness within and between cultures. However, the use of a
 narrow age range for facial stimuli, limitations due to unidirectional
 cross-cultural comparisons, and technical challenges have prevented
 definitive conclusions about the universality of face perception. In the
 present study, we imaged the faces of women aged 20 to 69 years in five
 locations (China, France, India, Japan, and South Africa) and secured age,
 attractiveness, and health assessments on continuous scales (0-100) from
 female and male raters (20-66 years) within and across ethnicity. In
 total, 180 images (36 of each ethnicity) were assessed by 600 raters (120
 of each ethnicity), recruited in study centres in the five locations.
 Linear mixed model analysis revealed main and interaction effects of
 assessor ethnicity, assessor gender, and photographed participant (“face”)
 ethnicity on age, attractiveness, and health assessments. Thus,
 differences in judgments of female facial appearance depend on the
 ethnicity of the photographed person, the ethnicity of the assessor, and
 whether the assessor is female or male. Facial age assessments correlated
 negatively with attractiveness and health assessments. Collectively, these
 findings provide evidence of cross-cultural variation in assessments of
 age, and even more of attractiveness, and health, indicating plasticity in
 perception of female facial appearance across cultures, although the
 decline in attractiveness and health assessments with age is universally
 found.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4qrfj6q8q
title: Data from: The effects of drift and selection on latitudinal genetic variation

description: Clinal variation is paramount for understanding the factors shaping
 genetic diversity in space and time. During the last glacial maximum,
 northern Europe was covered by glacial ice that rendered the region
 uninhabitable for most taxa. Different evolutionary processes during and
 after the recolonisation of this area from different glacial refugia have
 affected the genetic landscape of the present-day European flora and
 fauna. In this study, we focus on the common toad (Bufo bufo) in Sweden
 and present evidence suggesting that these processes have resulted in two
 separate lineages of common toad, which colonised Sweden from two
 directions. Using ddRAD sequencing data for demographic modelling,
 structure analyses and analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA), we provide
 evidence of a contact zone located between Uppland and Västerbotten in
 central Sweden. Genetic diversity was significantly higher in southern
 Sweden compared to the north, in accordance with a pattern of decreased
 genetic diversity with increasing distance from glacial refugia. Candidate
 genes under putative selection are identified through outlier detection
 and gene-environment association methods.  We provide evidence of
 divergent selection related to stress response and developmental processes
 in these candidate genes. The colonisation of Sweden by two separate
 lineages may have implications for how future conservation efforts should
 be directed by identifying management units and putative local
 adaptations.
description: The data used for this project is whole-genome ddRAD sequencing
 data from 120 individuals of bufo bufo from a 1400 km latitudinal gradient
 along Sweden. The raw data has been processed using the STACKs pipeline
 for denovo assambling ddRAD data.
description: User notes are present in the README files.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m905qfv0d
title: An updated generic classification of Cenozoic pleurotomariid gastropods, with new records from the Oligocene and Early Miocene of India

description: Although taxonomically distinct, the Cenozoic pleurotomariids are the
 bottlenecked remnants of the Mesozoic members of the family in terms of
 morphology, with only conical forms surviving the end-Cretaceous mass
 extinction. Here, we propose an updated classification scheme for the
 Cenozoic representatives of this group, based on data from the entire
 Cenozoic pleurotomariid fossil record. We consider all conventional as
 well as several new characters so that this scheme can readily help to
 distinguish Cenozoic pleurotomariid genera. Following the new
 classification scheme, a revision of the generic status of Cenozoic
 species previously assigned to ‘Pleurotomaria’ Defrance, 1826 is
 presented. Only a few Cenozoic pleurotomariid gastropods have been
 reported from the Indian subcontinent. Here we report four species from
 the Oligocene of the Kutch Basin and the Early Miocene (Burdigalian) of
 the Dwarka Basin of Gujarat, western India, of which two are described as
 new: Perotrochus bermotiensis n. sp. in the genus Perotrochus Fischer,
 1885, and Entemnotrochus kathiawarensis n. sp., Entemnotrochus cf.
 bianconii, and Entemnotrochus? sp. 1 in the genus Entemnotrochus Fischer,
 1885.