cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121382.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Cellular Scaling Rules for the Brains of an Extended Number of Primate Species

description: What are the rules relating the size of the brain and its structures to the number of cells that compose them and their average sizes? We have shown previously that the cerebral cortex, cerebellum and the remaining brain structures increase in size as a linear function of their numbers of neurons and non-neuronal cells across 6 species of primates. Here we describe that the cellular composition of the same brain structures of 5 other primate species, as well as humans, conform to the scaling rules identified previously, and that the updated power functions for the extended sample are similar to those determined earlier. Accounting for phylogenetic relatedness in the combined dataset does not affect the scaling slopes that apply to the cerebral cortex and cerebellum, but alters the slope for the remaining brain structures to a value that is similar to that observed in rodents, which raises the possibility that the neuronal scaling rules for these structures are shared among rodents and primates. The conformity of the new set of primate species to the previous rules strongly suggests that the cellular scaling rules we have identified apply to primates in general, including humans, and not only to particular subgroups of primate species. In contrast, the allometric rules relating body and brain size are highly sensitive to the particular species sampled, suggesting that brain size is neither determined by body size nor together with it, but is rather only loosely correlated with body size.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121367
title: Supplementary Material for: Left Atrial Mass Demonstrated during Endobronchial Ultrasound Session

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121370
title: Supplementary Material for: Mitomycin C in Patients with Gynecological Malignancies

description: Mitomycin C (MMC) is an effective cytostatic agent used in the treatment of patients with gynecological malignancies and breast carcinoma. This review presents and discusses the current treatment options with MMC in patients with breast, cervical, and vulvar carcinomas, as well as rarer gynecological malignancies. New combinations and developments are also presented and their potential clinical relevance is examined. Consequently, also for the next years a MMC-containing chemotherapy continues to be a relevant part of an individualized therapy despite numerous innovative new drugs, especially for the salvage therapy of metastatic breast cancer and the simultaneous radiochemotherapy of other gynecological malignancies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121373
title: Supplementary Material for: Bilirubin and UGT1A1*28 Are Not Associated with Lower Risk for Ischemic Stroke in a Prospective Nested Case-Referent Setting

description: <i>Background:</i> Bilirubin, an antioxidant, has been associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk. A major cause of elevated plasma bilirubin is the common UGT1A1*28 promoter polymorphism in the gene of the bilirubin-conjugating enzyme UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1, which reduces transcription by 70%. Earlier studies reporting a protective effect of bilirubin on stroke have not included analysis of UGT1A1*28. The purpose of this study is to investigate if bilirubin and UGT1A1*28 are protective against ischemic stroke in a prospective case-referent setting. <i>Methods:</i> Cases with first-ever ischemic stroke (n = 231; median lag time 4.9 years) and 462 matched referents from the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study Cohort were included. Plasma bilirubin was measured and UGT1A1*28 was analyzed by fragment analysis. <i>Results:</i> Plasma bilirubin was lower in cases than in referents, but the difference reached significance only for women. The UGT1A1*28 polymorphism (allele frequency 30%) showed a strong gene-dose relationship with bilirubin levels both among cases and referents, but was not associated with risk for stroke. Among multiple other variables analyzed, the strongest correlation with bilirubin was found for plasma iron. <i>Conclusions:</i> There was no evidence for a protective effect of the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism against stroke and consequently neither for bilirubin. The findings suggest that other factors influencing the risk for stroke might also affect bilirubin levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121379.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: agr-Dependent Interactions of Staphylococcus aureus USA300 with Human Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils

description: The emergence of serious infections due to community-associated methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus </i>(CA-MRSA) has fueled interest in the contributions of specific staphylococcal virulence factors to clinical disease. To assess the contributions of <i>agr</i>-dependent factors to the fate of organisms in polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), we examined the consequences for organism and host cells of feeding PMN with wild-type CA-MRSA (LAC) or CA-MRSA (LAC <i>agr </i>KO) at different multiplicities of infection (MOIs). Phagocytosed organisms rapidly increased the transcription of RNAIII in a time- and MOI-dependent fashion; extracellular USA300 (LAC) did not increase RNAIII expression despite having the capacity to respond to autoinducing peptide-enriched culture medium. HOCl-mediated damage and intracellular survival were the same in the wild-type and USA300 (LAC <i>agr </i>KO). PMN lysis by ingested USA300 (LAC) was time- and MOI-dependent and, at MOIs &gt;1, required α-hemolysin <i>(hla)</i> as USA300 (LAC <i>agr</i> KO) and USA300 (LAC <i>hla</i> KO) promoted PMN lysis only at high MOIs. Taken together, these data demonstrate activation of the <i>agr</i> operon in human PMN with the subsequent production of α-hemolysin and PMN lysis. The extent to which these events in the phagosomes of human PMN contribute to the increased morbidity and mortality of infections with USA300 (LAC) merits further study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121367.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Left Atrial Mass Demonstrated during Endobronchial Ultrasound Session

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121370.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Mitomycin C in Patients with Gynecological Malignancies

description: Mitomycin C (MMC) is an effective cytostatic agent used in the treatment of patients with gynecological malignancies and breast carcinoma. This review presents and discusses the current treatment options with MMC in patients with breast, cervical, and vulvar carcinomas, as well as rarer gynecological malignancies. New combinations and developments are also presented and their potential clinical relevance is examined. Consequently, also for the next years a MMC-containing chemotherapy continues to be a relevant part of an individualized therapy despite numerous innovative new drugs, especially for the salvage therapy of metastatic breast cancer and the simultaneous radiochemotherapy of other gynecological malignancies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121361
title: Supplementary Material for: Attempted Replication of 50 Reported Asthma Risk Genes Identifies a SNP in RAD50 as Associated with Childhood Atopic Asthma

description: <i>Objectives:</i> Asthma is a childhood disease that is strongly influenced by genetic factors. We sought to replicate an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the top-ranked candidate genes and childhood atopic asthma in Perinatal Risk of Asthma in Infants of Asthmatic Mothers (PRAM) study subjects. <i>Methods:</i> Using data from a systematic literature search and an exploratory genome-wide association study conducted in a subset of the PRAM cohort, we followed a strict procedure to generate a ranked list of candidate genes. SNPs in the top 50 genes were genotyped in the full PRAM cohort (n = 103 cases with doc- tor-diagnosed atopic asthma at age 6, and n = 499 controls). <i>Results:</i> The literature search identified 251 prior risk genes from 469 publications. <i>RAD50</i> (rs2706347) and <i>PTPRE</i> (rs10830196) revealed crude associations with asthma at a Bonferroni-corrected level of significance (p &lt; 0.0011). <i>IL4R</i> (rs1801275), <i>CCL5</i> (rs2280788), and <i>TBXA2R</i> (rs4523) revealed nominal significance (p &lt; 0.05). When adjusted for race and gender, only rs2706347 in <i>RAD50</i> remained significantly associated with asthma. SNPs in frequently replicated asthma risk genes, including <i>TNF</i>, <i>IL13</i>, <i>ADAM33</i>, <i>TGFB1</i>, and <i>MS4A2</i>, revealed no association. <i>Conclusion:</i><i>RAD50</i> may be a promising candidate asthma risk gene. Lack of evidence of highly reported polymorphisms in the present study highlights the genetic heterogeneity of asthma and emphasizes the need for robust replication of candidate genes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121364
title: Supplementary Material for: Diagnosis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Endobronchial Ultrasound as an Incidental Finding

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121376.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Arginine Kinase from the Cellar Spider <i>(Holocnemus pluchei): </i>A New Asthma-Causing Allergen

description: <i>Background:</i> We report a 31-year-old farmer whose work consists in handling cereal and vegetables, who consulted our clinic because of asthma symptoms after inhalation of dust during manipulation of the deposited material, usually inside the warehouse. <i>Methods and Results:</i> Skin prick tests and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) determinations were negative with common aeroallergens. The patient noted the presence of many spiders in the warehouse, which were identified as the cellar spider <i>Holocnemus pluchei </i>and the common house spider<i>, Tegenaria domestica. </i>Extracts of spider bodies brought in by the patient were obtained and used to perform in vivo and in vitro studies. Molecular characterization of IgE-binding bands was performed by mass spectrometry. We obtained positive prick tests to the extracts of the bodies of both spiders. Immunoblotting displayed different bands in both spider extracts, in a range of 20–70 kDa. All were hemocyanins, except for a 17-kDa protein of <i>Holocnemus</i> identified as an arginine kinase (AK). Bronchial challenge was positive with the extract of the cellar spider and with the AK, but was negative with the domestic house spider. <i>Conclusion:</i> We present the first case of respiratory allergy due to sensitization to AK from a common spider, confirmed by bronchial provocation tests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121355
title: Supplementary Material for: Prenatal Infection Decreases Calbindin, Decreases Purkinje Cell Volume and Density and Produces Long-Term Motor Deficits in Sprague-Dawley Rats

description: The cerebellum is involved in the control of motor functions with Purkinje cells serving as the only output from the cerebellum. Purkinje cells are important targets for toxic substances and are vulnerable to prenatal insults. Intrauterine infection (IUI) has been shown to selectively target the developing cerebral white matter through lesioning, necrosis and inflammatory cytokine activation. Developmental and cognitive delays have been associated with animal models of IUI. The aim of this study was to determine if IUI leads to damage to Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellum and if any damage is associated with decreases in calbindin and motor behaviors in surviving pups. Pregnant rats were injected with <i>Escherichia coli</i> (1 × 10<sup>5</sup> colony-forming units) or sterile saline at gestational day 17. Beginning at postnatal day (PND) 2, the pups were subjected to a series of developmental tests to examine developmental milestones. At PND 16, some pups were sacrificed and their brains extracted and processed for histology or protein studies. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was done to examine the general morphology of the Purkinje cells and to examine Purkinje cell density, area and volume. Calbindin expression was examined in the cerebellum via immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques. The remaining rat pups were used to examine motor coordination and balance on a rotating rotarod at the prepubertal and adult ages. Prenatal <i>E. coli</i> injection did not significantly change birth weight or delivery time, but did delay surface righting and negative geotaxis in pups. Pups in the <i>E. coli</i> group also had a decrease in the number of Purkinje cells, as well as a decrease in Purkinje cell density and volume. HE staining demonstrated a change in Purkinje cell morphology. Calbindin expression was decreased in rats from the <i>E. coli</i> group as well. Locomotor tests indicated that while there were no significant changes in gross motor activity, motor coordination and balance was impaired in both prepubertal and adult rats from the <i>E. coli</i> group. In this model of IUI, we observed changes in Purkinje cell development which were associated with alterations in cerebellum-dependent motor behaviors. The decreases in calbindin and Purkinje cells were associated with developmental delays. These data further support the importance of IUI in brain development.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121358
title: Supplementary Material for: Wie wirksam ist ein begleitendes Elterntraining in der Prävention von Angst und Depression bei Kindern?

description: <i>Hintergrund:</i> Angst- und depressive Störungen gehören zu den häufigsten Störungen des Kindes-und Jugendalters und beeinträchtigen die kindliche Entwicklung erheblich. Zur Prävention von Angststörungen und depressiven Erkrankungen haben sich kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutische Programme als wirksam erwiesen, wobei die Kinder in unterschiedlichem Ausmaß profitieren. Ein möglicher Einflussfaktor des Präventionserfolgs wird im elterlichen Verhalten gesehen. Elterntrainings sollen Eltern helfen, ihren Umgang mit Problemen des Kindes zu modifizieren. Ziel unserer Studie ist es, die Wirksamkeit eines begleitenden Elterntrainings in der indizierten Prävention von Angst- und depressiven Störungen bei 8-bis 12-jährigen Kindern zu prüfen. <i>Patienten und Methoden:</i> 70 Kinder wurden randomisiert den Gruppen «Präventionskurs» oder «Präventionskurs + Elterntraining» zugeteilt. Grundlage des Präventionskurses war eine modifizierte Version des FREUNDE-Programms. Hauptkriterien zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit waren die Child Behavior Checklist, die Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale und das Depressionsinventar für Kinder und Jugendliche. Die Auswertung der Daten erfolgte varianzanalytisch (MANOVA). <i>Ergebnisse:</i> Das Elterntraining hatte keinen signifikanten Effekt auf die Veränderung introversiver Symptome. Bei stärkerer psychopathologischer Belastung der Eltern zeigte sich eine deutlichere Symptomreduktion der Kinder – unabhängig von der Teilnahme am Elterntraining. Alle Eltern erlebten sich mit Abschluss des Präventionsprogramms kompetenter im Umgang mit ihrem Kind. <i>Diskussion:</i> Die Teilnahme am Elterntraining korrespondiert trotz positiver Bewertung durch die Eltern nicht mit einer höheren Symptomreduktion der Kinder im Posttest. Möglicherweise führt allein die Teilnahme des Kindes an der Präventionsmaßnahme zu höherem Kompetenzerleben bei allen Eltern. Die Überprüfung der langfristigen Wirksamkeit steht noch aus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121364.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Diagnosis of Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Endobronchial Ultrasound as an Incidental Finding

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12905852
title: Data Werger et al..xlsx

description: Biomass (root and shoot) data, herbivory (% aboveground biomass removal) data, root morphological data and soil characteristics
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12905852.v1
title: Data Werger et al..xlsx

description: Biomass (root and shoot) data, herbivory (% aboveground biomass removal) data, root morphological data and soil characteristics
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121352
title: Supplementary Material for: Implantable Defibrillators Improve Survival in End-Stage Renal Disease: Results from a Multi-Center Registry

description: <i>Background:</i> Small retrospective analyses suggest that end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients do not obtain as much of a survival benefit from an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) as non-ESRD patients do. We aimed to assess the survival effect of an ICD in ESRD patients with left ventricular dysfunction. <i>Methods:</i> Data from two registries identified ESRD patients with an ICD and ESRD patients with left ventricular dysfunction (defined as ejection fraction &lt;0.35). Cox proportional hazards regression was performed, including certain predefined covariates to assess the effect of an ICD on survival. <i>Results:</i> Overall survival in the full cohort was a median of 4.7 years with 20 deaths in the ICD group and 29 deaths in the no-ICD group. The median survival in the ICD group was 8.0 years and 3.1 years in the no-ICD group. Crude analysis showed a better survival in the ICD group as compared to the no-ICD group (p = 0.016). The multivariable analysis confirmed that the ICD group had significantly less all-cause mortality compared to the no-ICD group (HR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19, 0.82; p = 0.013). <i>Conclusion:</i> An ICD is associated with a higher survival in ESRD patients with left ventricular dysfunction. This result merits further study in a larger cohort of patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121361.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Attempted Replication of 50 Reported Asthma Risk Genes Identifies a SNP in RAD50 as Associated with Childhood Atopic Asthma

description: <i>Objectives:</i> Asthma is a childhood disease that is strongly influenced by genetic factors. We sought to replicate an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the top-ranked candidate genes and childhood atopic asthma in Perinatal Risk of Asthma in Infants of Asthmatic Mothers (PRAM) study subjects. <i>Methods:</i> Using data from a systematic literature search and an exploratory genome-wide association study conducted in a subset of the PRAM cohort, we followed a strict procedure to generate a ranked list of candidate genes. SNPs in the top 50 genes were genotyped in the full PRAM cohort (n = 103 cases with doc- tor-diagnosed atopic asthma at age 6, and n = 499 controls). <i>Results:</i> The literature search identified 251 prior risk genes from 469 publications. <i>RAD50</i> (rs2706347) and <i>PTPRE</i> (rs10830196) revealed crude associations with asthma at a Bonferroni-corrected level of significance (p &lt; 0.0011). <i>IL4R</i> (rs1801275), <i>CCL5</i> (rs2280788), and <i>TBXA2R</i> (rs4523) revealed nominal significance (p &lt; 0.05). When adjusted for race and gender, only rs2706347 in <i>RAD50</i> remained significantly associated with asthma. SNPs in frequently replicated asthma risk genes, including <i>TNF</i>, <i>IL13</i>, <i>ADAM33</i>, <i>TGFB1</i>, and <i>MS4A2</i>, revealed no association. <i>Conclusion:</i><i>RAD50</i> may be a promising candidate asthma risk gene. Lack of evidence of highly reported polymorphisms in the present study highlights the genetic heterogeneity of asthma and emphasizes the need for robust replication of candidate genes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121343
title: Supplementary Material for: EMDR in der Behandlung von Zwangsstörungen: Eine Fallserie

description: <i>Hintergrund:</i> Die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie mit Exposition und Reaktionsverhinderung ist die am besten untersuchte und derzeit wirksamste Therapie bei Zwängen. 15–40% der Patienten können jedoch nicht von diesem Verfahren profitieren. Sie berichten Motivationsprobleme, brechen die Behandlung vorzeitig ab oder zeigen anhaltende Probleme in der Emotionsregulation. Der zusätzliche Einsatz der Therapiemethode «Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing» (EMDR) zur Reduktion dieser Schwierigkeiten wird vorgestellt und beschrieben. <i>Methode:</i> Es werden drei Kasuistiken vorgestellt, die mittels deskriptiver Analysen ausgewertet werden. Hierbei wird auf das inhaltliche Vorgehen sowie die Therapiemotivation und Emotionsregulation im Therapieverlauf eingegangen. Ein Patient mit Kontrollzwängen erhielt zunächst EMDR-Sitzungen und anschließend Expositionsübungen. Eine andere Patientin mit vorwiegend Zwangsgedanken wurde zuerst mit Expositionen und danach mit EMDR behandelt. Im dritten Fall wurden Expositionen und EMDR-Sitzungen abwechselnd durchgeführt. <i>Ergebnisse:</i> Die drei behandelten Patienten berichteten eine Reduktion der Zwänge um etwa 60%. EMDR wurde von allen drei Patienten als motivierend und hilfreich beschrieben. Die Arbeit an den Emotionen konnte durch EMDR angeregt und verstärkt werden. Eine deutliche Reduktion der Zwänge durch die Expositionen zeigte sich bei 2 Patienten, während diese im Zuge der EMDR-Sitzungen nur leicht abnahmen. <i>Diskussion:</i> EMDR könnte eine vielversprechende Augmentationsoption bei der Behandlung von Zwängen darstellen. Für eine bessere Beurteilung sind kontrollierte und randomisierte Studien erforderlich.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5121346
title: Supplementary Material for: Head-Out Spirometry Accurately Monitors the Course of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Lung Infection in Mice

description: <i>Background:</i> Classic infection models in rodents use lethal doses of bacteria as inocula, thus creating models which are rarely comparable to the clinical situation. Moreover, single time-point evaluation requires killing of the animals, necessitating large numbers of animals. Longitudinal parameters such as temperature appear to have a relatively low accuracy. Spirometry might be an accurate method to assess the course of a bacterial lung infection without the necessity to sacrifice the animals. <i>Objectives:</i> We measured lung function in C57BL/6JZtm mice following intratracheal infection with <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and compared it to physiological parameters and lung histology. <i>Methods:</i> Head-out spirometry measuring 14 parameters was performed on C57BL6/J mice for eight days following a <i>P. aerugino</i>sa lung infection. Additionally rectal temperature, body weight and condition were assessed together with histological data and bacteriological clearance. <i>Results:</i> Several spirometric parameters were significantly altered for more than 72 h after inoculation, which was four times longer than observed alterations in physiological parameters such as temperature. Volume (amount of air inspired) decreased more than seven-fold within 6 h after inoculation and required 72 h to recover, rendering it the most sensitive spirometric parameter investigated. Spirometric and histological data correlated well. <i>Conclusions:</i> Our findings suggest that non-invasive head-out spirometry is a reliable and highly sensitive method to longitudinally assess the course of bacterial lung infections.