cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985694.v1
title: Evaluation of Self-Directed Learning Strategies in Students of a Medicine Course in Belém – Pará

description: ABSTRACT Introduction Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a teaching and learning methodology that has been incorporated into the curricula of medical schools, which prioritize the student to the center of the discussion. The diagnosis and measurement of learning strategies has become a key aspect in the improvement of the teaching and learning process. Objective The study aims to identify students’ strategies in developing their self-directed learning, evaluating the application of useful tools in the context of their learning. Methods A descriptive and analytical observational cross-sectional study was carried out, applying 348 questionnaires to the students of a medical school, uniformly distributed from the 2nd to 9th semesters of the course. The Likert-scaled questionnaires were aimed at investigating the strategies used for individual study as well as student perception regarding learning. Statistical analysis was performed by different methods, according to the variables and categories observed and executed with the aid of BioStat 5.45 software. Results with p ≤ 0.05 (bilateral) were considered significant. Results The mean age was 22.7 years, with 57.3% being female. The majority showed a study habit higher than three times a week (72.2%), in fixed places, especially in the library (96.8%). Most of the students have electronic resources to access the internet. Most of the respondents (43.6%) use the video-lecture feature infrequently. 50% of the students find it easy to follow scheduled study hours and avoid situations that distract their attention. 50% of them studied all proposed learning objectives alone, and kept their focus. The use of the conceptual map is not frequent. However, most developed schemes during study. The majority of the students conducted searches for scientific articles in the English language only 50% of the time. Only 25% of the students «always» synthesize the study in summary form. At least 25% of the students used more than one textbook in their studies and ‘always’ accessed articles through scientific database platforms. Regarding the use of commercial e-books and non-self summaries, up to 75% of the students answered that this happens approximately 50% of the time. Regarding self-perception of knowledge retention, for 50% of the students the answers varied between this happens «about 50% of the time» and «very frequently”. Conclusion The medical students using PBL methodology, use appropriate resources for their study, planning and organizing their learning, however there have been failures in learning strategies. A habit of planning study is positively associated with the best learning strategies and the search for sources of better technical quality, resulting in a greater perception of student retention of knowledge. Therefore, it is suggested that self-learning guidelines be created to assist the student in his or her study performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985697.v1
title: Storage of soybean seeds: Packaging and modified atmosphere technology

description: ABSTRACT The characteristics of materials used in packages for seed storage may have a negative influence in the deterioration process, causing future problems during the period of storage and in emergence in the field. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds, stored in different packages with and without the addition of CO2 (modified atmosphere), for different periods of storage and in uncontrolled environmental conditions. In order to carry out the experiment, a completely randomized design was used in a split-plot scheme, with three types of packages (permeable, hermetic package inside the permeable package and hermetic package inside the permeable package with CO2 injection) in the main plot and six storage periods (zero, 45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 days) in the subplot, with four repetitions, totaling 72 experimental units. In hermetic packages multi-layer paper was used with or without CO2 injection, stored them for 225 days and performed an assessment at regular intervals of 45 days. At each period, the seeds were submitted to tests for moisture content, germination, seedling emergence, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity. The hermetic package, with and without CO2 injection, decreases the speed of deterioration of soybean seeds. The hermetic package allows a higher physiological quality of soybeans compared to the permeable package, with a storage period of up to 180 days under uncontrolled environmental conditions. The addition of CO2 inside the hermetic packages favors the maintenance of the physiological quality of soybean seeds in storage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985685
title: Development of superior lines of papaya from the Formosa group using the pedigree method and REML/Blup procedure

description: ABSTRACT Developing superior lines based on a simultaneous response from many traits of agronomic importance is a fundamental strategy to expand papaya cultivar supply, mainly the much-needed cultivars belonging to group Formosa. Our goal was to associate the pedigree method with REML/Blup procedure to select plants of progenies F2:3 with superior agronomic performance. The variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using REML approach, and the genetic values were predicted using Blup methodology. The combined selection was performed using the IG2 selection index based on weights associated with agronomic values to indicate the best progenies and lines. The heritability estimates of progeny mean were high in most traits and evidenced significant genetic variability between progenies. The narrow-sense individual heritability was moderate in traits such as commercial fruits and soluble solid contents, which indicates a favorable condition for selections within progenies. The index was consistent in the selection of six superior progenies according to the assessed traits. This index also enabled promising genetic gains in traits of great interest such as yield and pulp thickness. Although the progenies are derived from self generations, they proved to be superior in traits of significant importance such as yield, commercial fruits, and pulp thickness when compared to the Tainung-01 hybrid, which is a worldwide-planted cultivar used as a reference to Formosa representatives. Six lines were selected within the superior progenies to continue the Formosa group-lines development program. The association of the pedigree method with REML/Blup procedure can be useful to assist breeders in an autogamous breeding program.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985700.v1
title: Uni- and multivariate methods applied to the study of the adaptability and stability of white oat

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to compare uni- and multivariate biometric methods to evaluate the adaptability and stability of an important group of white oat (Avena sativa) cultivars grown in Southern Brazil. The used experimental design was a randomized complete block, in a factorial arrangement of 12 environments x 7 cultivars, with three replicates. The analysis of variance and the methods of Eberhart & Russel, Annicchiarico, and the harmonic mean of the relative performance of predicted genetic values (MHPRVG) were assessed. In the general comparison of the methods, the 'UPFA Gaudéria' and 'URS Guapa' genotypes were more stable regarding grain yield. The 'UPFA Gaudéria' and 'URS-21' genotypes stood out for hectoliter weight, presenting the best performances by the methods of Annicchiarico and the MHPRVG. For thousand-grain weight, all methods showed similar results, indicating that the 'UPFA Gaudéria' genotype presented the best results. The 'URS Guapa' genotype was superior when using the methods of Eberhart & Russel, Annicchiarico, and the MHPRVG. The uni- and multivariate methods evaluated are suitable to estimate with high confidence the adaptability and stability of cultivars for each targeted grain production, yield, and quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985688
title: CHANGES IN LABOUR LAW, TRADE UNION AND MULTINATIONALCOMPANIES

description: The text aims at relating recent changes in the Brazilian labour legislation (mainly after the Labour Reform, approved by the National Congress in 2017) with the interests of the multinational companies based in the country, taking as an example the automotive industry. The purpose is to identify how, in the last years, the reduction of labour protection and the increase in employment instability have been used by companies to raise the control over workers and to disqualify trade union action. Precarious jobs, and the use, now legal, of subcontracting, have been incorporated to production, and have strengthened strategies that stress on work to improve their economic results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985685.v1
title: Development of superior lines of papaya from the Formosa group using the pedigree method and REML/Blup procedure

description: ABSTRACT Developing superior lines based on a simultaneous response from many traits of agronomic importance is a fundamental strategy to expand papaya cultivar supply, mainly the much-needed cultivars belonging to group Formosa. Our goal was to associate the pedigree method with REML/Blup procedure to select plants of progenies F2:3 with superior agronomic performance. The variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using REML approach, and the genetic values were predicted using Blup methodology. The combined selection was performed using the IG2 selection index based on weights associated with agronomic values to indicate the best progenies and lines. The heritability estimates of progeny mean were high in most traits and evidenced significant genetic variability between progenies. The narrow-sense individual heritability was moderate in traits such as commercial fruits and soluble solid contents, which indicates a favorable condition for selections within progenies. The index was consistent in the selection of six superior progenies according to the assessed traits. This index also enabled promising genetic gains in traits of great interest such as yield and pulp thickness. Although the progenies are derived from self generations, they proved to be superior in traits of significant importance such as yield, commercial fruits, and pulp thickness when compared to the Tainung-01 hybrid, which is a worldwide-planted cultivar used as a reference to Formosa representatives. Six lines were selected within the superior progenies to continue the Formosa group-lines development program. The association of the pedigree method with REML/Blup procedure can be useful to assist breeders in an autogamous breeding program.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985679
title: Stress and Multiprofessional Residence in Health: Understanding Meanings in the Training Process

description: ABSTRACT During the training process, multiprofessional health residents are exposed to stressful events that may compromise their professional trajectory. This study aimed to assess the stress suffered by graduate students of the Multiprofessional Integrated Health Residency Program (RIMS) at a maternity school, as well understand the meanings attributed by the residents of this process. The research comprised two complementary methodological approaches: quantitative and qualitative. Thus, 26 subjects participated in the study, distributed equally between the first and second years of the Neonatal Intensive Care Program. The following data collection instruments were applied: identification form, which addressed socio-cultural issues, the Lipp Adult Stress Symptom Inventory (ISSL), and a questionnaire with open-ended questions. For analysis of the results, tabulation and frequency analysis were carried out using the program PSPP, version 1.0.1. Bardin content analysis was was the qualitative method adopted. It was verified that 96.2% of the respondents presented stress, of whom 72% were in the resistance phase and 28% at near-exhaustion, with a prevalence of psychological symptoms (68%). The qualitative analysis allowed us to identify that overload of activities and lack of articulation between theory and practice were challenging factors in the daily life of the trainees. Furthermore, in relation to gratifying factors experienced during the residence, interdisciplinary work and recognition of one’s work by the user were considered by the residents to be rewarding experiences. Difficulty in achieving recognition of the work by the team, the preceptors and the cheap labor, meanwhile, were seen as factors related to feelings of frustration. It is essential that public policies be developed in order to improve the pedagogical projects of the Multiprofessional Health Residency Programs (PRMS), contributing to the physical and mental health of the residents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985682
title: Fish fauna from the Paranapanema River basin, Brazil

description: Abstract: The Paranapanema River is an important, extensively explored tributary of the Upper Paraná River basin. The fish fauna of the Paranapanema River has been investigated since the 1990s; however, no study has characterized the richness of fish species throughout the basin, including the main channel of the river, marginal lagoons, its tributaries, and sub-tributaries. Thus, we performed a review with 90 independent studies conducted at the upper, middle, and lower sections of the basin. We recorded 225 species, of which 165 were native, and 60 were non-native. We found that 77% of the species within the basin are composed by Siluriformes and Characiformes. Cichliformes had a significant number of non-native species established in impoundment sections of the basin. Incidence-Based Estimators (Bootstrap and Chao 2) demonstrated that the richness of native species is still underestimated. Some native (e.g., Hypostomus ancistroides) and non-native species (e.g., Plagioscion squamosissimus) are widely distributed in the basin, while others had a more restricted distribution. Among the registered species, the family Bryconidae had the highest number of representatives with threatened conservation status. In addition, we observed that the Capivara Reservoir and its tributaries were the most sampled regions, with the majority of studies performed in the Lower Paranapanema basin. The species richness recorded in large tributaries, such as Tibagi, Cinzas, Congonhas, and Pirapó rivers is critical for maintaining the fish fauna in the Paranapanema River. Our contribution may be used to support management actions and conservation strategies, as well as to indicate regions in the basin that need to be better inventoried.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985679.v1
title: Stress and Multiprofessional Residence in Health: Understanding Meanings in the Training Process

description: ABSTRACT During the training process, multiprofessional health residents are exposed to stressful events that may compromise their professional trajectory. This study aimed to assess the stress suffered by graduate students of the Multiprofessional Integrated Health Residency Program (RIMS) at a maternity school, as well understand the meanings attributed by the residents of this process. The research comprised two complementary methodological approaches: quantitative and qualitative. Thus, 26 subjects participated in the study, distributed equally between the first and second years of the Neonatal Intensive Care Program. The following data collection instruments were applied: identification form, which addressed socio-cultural issues, the Lipp Adult Stress Symptom Inventory (ISSL), and a questionnaire with open-ended questions. For analysis of the results, tabulation and frequency analysis were carried out using the program PSPP, version 1.0.1. Bardin content analysis was was the qualitative method adopted. It was verified that 96.2% of the respondents presented stress, of whom 72% were in the resistance phase and 28% at near-exhaustion, with a prevalence of psychological symptoms (68%). The qualitative analysis allowed us to identify that overload of activities and lack of articulation between theory and practice were challenging factors in the daily life of the trainees. Furthermore, in relation to gratifying factors experienced during the residence, interdisciplinary work and recognition of one’s work by the user were considered by the residents to be rewarding experiences. Difficulty in achieving recognition of the work by the team, the preceptors and the cheap labor, meanwhile, were seen as factors related to feelings of frustration. It is essential that public policies be developed in order to improve the pedagogical projects of the Multiprofessional Health Residency Programs (PRMS), contributing to the physical and mental health of the residents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985688.v1
title: CHANGES IN LABOUR LAW, TRADE UNION AND MULTINATIONALCOMPANIES

description: The text aims at relating recent changes in the Brazilian labour legislation (mainly after the Labour Reform, approved by the National Congress in 2017) with the interests of the multinational companies based in the country, taking as an example the automotive industry. The purpose is to identify how, in the last years, the reduction of labour protection and the increase in employment instability have been used by companies to raise the control over workers and to disqualify trade union action. Precarious jobs, and the use, now legal, of subcontracting, have been incorporated to production, and have strengthened strategies that stress on work to improve their economic results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985673
title: Hypogammaglobulinemia: a diagnosis that must not be overlooked

description: Humoral immunological defects are frequent and important causes of hypogammaglobulinemia, leading to recurrent infections, autoimmunity, allergies, and neoplasias. Usually, its onset occurs in childhood or during the second and third decades of life; however, the diagnosis is made, on average, 6 to 7 years afterwards. As a consequence, antibody defects can lead to sequelae. Here we describe the clinical-laboratory characteristics, treatment, and prognoses of patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. An observational, cross-sectional, and retrospective study of patients attending the recently established outpatient group of Clinical Immunology between 2013 and 2018 was carried out. Patients with IgG levels below 2 standard deviations from the mean values for the age and/or impaired antibody response were included. Eight patients (3 F and 5 M; median age=41 years (16–65), average symptom onset at 25 years (1–59), and time to diagnosis of 10 years were included. The main infections were: sinusitis in 7/8, pneumonia in 6/8, otitis in 2/8, tonsillitis and diarrhea in 2/8, and diarrhea in 2/8 patients. Hypothyroidism was identified in 4/8 (50%) patients. Rhinitis was found in 7/8 (87.5%) and asthma in 3/8 (37.5%) patients. The tomographic findings were consolidations, atelectasis, emphysema, ground glass opacity, budding tree, bronchial thickening, and bronchiectasis. Immunoglobulin reposition was used between 466 and 600 mg/kg monthly (514.3 mg·kg-1·dose-1). Prophylactic antibiotic therapy was included in 7/8 (87.5%) patients. Airway manifestations prevailed in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. There is a need for educational work to reduce the time of diagnosis and initiation of treatment, avoiding sequelae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985682.v1
title: Fish fauna from the Paranapanema River basin, Brazil

description: Abstract: The Paranapanema River is an important, extensively explored tributary of the Upper Paraná River basin. The fish fauna of the Paranapanema River has been investigated since the 1990s; however, no study has characterized the richness of fish species throughout the basin, including the main channel of the river, marginal lagoons, its tributaries, and sub-tributaries. Thus, we performed a review with 90 independent studies conducted at the upper, middle, and lower sections of the basin. We recorded 225 species, of which 165 were native, and 60 were non-native. We found that 77% of the species within the basin are composed by Siluriformes and Characiformes. Cichliformes had a significant number of non-native species established in impoundment sections of the basin. Incidence-Based Estimators (Bootstrap and Chao 2) demonstrated that the richness of native species is still underestimated. Some native (e.g., Hypostomus ancistroides) and non-native species (e.g., Plagioscion squamosissimus) are widely distributed in the basin, while others had a more restricted distribution. Among the registered species, the family Bryconidae had the highest number of representatives with threatened conservation status. In addition, we observed that the Capivara Reservoir and its tributaries were the most sampled regions, with the majority of studies performed in the Lower Paranapanema basin. The species richness recorded in large tributaries, such as Tibagi, Cinzas, Congonhas, and Pirapó rivers is critical for maintaining the fish fauna in the Paranapanema River. Our contribution may be used to support management actions and conservation strategies, as well as to indicate regions in the basin that need to be better inventoried.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985667
title: Complementary and Alternative Medicine Teaching: Evaluation of theTeaching-Learning Process of Integrative Practices in Brazilian Medical Schools

description: ABSTRACT Context Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) are unconventional care practices that, according to the World Health Organization, should be implemented in the Health System, particularly in poor regions of the country. In Brazil, they have been adopted by Care Programs and introduced into undergraduate medical education. In this study we were interested in evaluating the teaching-learning process of Integrative Practices in Brazilian medical schools. Methodology A cross-sectional study was carried out at Brazilian medical schools with a self-administered questionnaire for teachers and a secondary data survey was obtained from medical school websites and government database institutions. For the presentation of the variables, frequency distribution and the Pearson coefficient (X2) -Chi-square tests were used. The proportions were compared using the Chi-square test or the Fisher’s Exact Test. When the expected value of a contingency table was equal to or greater than 5, the Chi-square test was used; in all other situations, Fisher’s Exact Test was used. The difference between proportions was estimated by the Odds Ratio, calculated through simple logistic regression (95% CI). Results 57 of the 272 medical schools in Brazil address CAM, with it being proportionally higher in the South and Mid-West regions. The medical schools are highly concentrated in state capitals, and the Northeast region presents a significant concentration of medical schools with CAM in the capitals. The number of schools with active and traditional methodologies in CAM is equivalent. Homeopathy, Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine predominate, with a minority using Indigenous Practices, Chronotherapy and Anthroposophic Medicine. The new educational guidelines have not affected the number of schools with CAM. Growth in CAM has been insignificant (p &lt;0.05) in the last ten years. Conclusion There has been no growth in teaching Complementary and Alternative Medicine in undergraduate medical training in Brazil since the introduction of the new curricular guidelines, even in view of the needs of the health system.