cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128171.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Gastrointestinal Immune Response to the Shrimp Allergen Tropomyosin: Histological and Immunological Analysis in an Animal Model of Shrimp Tropomyosin Hypersensitivity

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Shellfish hypersensitivity is among the most common food allergies. A murine model of IgE-mediated shrimp allergy has been established in our laboratory. The aim of this study is to determine the intestinal histological changes and cytokine expression profile of this model sensitized with the major shellfish allergen tropomyosin. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Female Balb/c mice orally sensitized and challenged with recombinant tropomyosin were sacrificed. Continuous sections of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were prepared using the Swiss roll technique for histological and immunological analysis. Duodenal epithelial cell apoptosis and migration were examined. mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IL-18 and IFN-γ in intestinal tissue was measured via RT-PCR. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In tropomyosin-sensitized and challenged mice, an increased number of eosinophils, mast cells and goblet cells was found 24 h after challenge. There were also increased mast cell and goblet cell numbers at 72 h after challenge, but the level of eosinophils decreased. Differences compared with control mice are most prominent at the duodenum compared to the distal regions. In addition, TUNEL assay indicates a significantly higher apoptosis rate in sensitized mice sacrificed 72 h after challenge, and mRNA expression showed a biased Th2/Th1 cytokine profile and a higher level of murine mast cell protease 1. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study documented a multitude of histological and immunological changes in the gut in a murine model of shrimp allergy. Even without repetitive intragastric challenge, shrimp tropomyosin induces an increase in the number of inflammatory cells to varying degrees within the small intestine. This model provides an important tool for testing new therapeutic interventions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128162
title: Supplementary Material for: Validation of the Conventional Resection Criteria in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Terms of the Incidence of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure and Long-Term Prognosis

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Resection criteria in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) should be established based on the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and the survival benefit from hepatectomy. This study aimed at verifying the validity of the conventional criteria regarding the incidence of PHLF and the long-term prognosis of HCC patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective study was performed on 265 patients who underwent major hepatectomy. Makuuchi's criteria and the future liver remnant plasma clearance rate of indocyanine green (ICGK-rem) ≥0.05 criterion were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 107 and 158 patients were within and beyond Makuuchi's criteria, respectively. Makuuchi's criteria were associated with the incidence of PHLF (p = 0.03) but not with its severity (p = 0.12). No differences in disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) were observed between the groups (p = 0.75 and p = 0.94, respectively). Using the ICGK-rem ≥0.05 criterion, 223 and 42 patients were within and beyond the criterion, respectively. ICGK-rem was correlated with both the incidence of PHLF (p = 0.002) and its severity (p = 0.03). No differences in DFS or OS were observed between the groups (p = 0.75 and p = 0.29, respectively). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Strict criteria are likely to preclude some patients from obtaining the greater survival benefits of hepatectomy. New criteria that consider patient prognosis are needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128168.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Is Mechanical Bowel Preparation Necessary for Gynecologic Surgery? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To clarify the efficacy and side effects of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) before gynecologic surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A systematic review was conducted. Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched. Randomized controlled trials on MBP prior to gynecologic surgery were included. The software package Revman 5.3 was used for statistical analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and standard mean deviation were calculated for dichotomous and continuous variable, respectively. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The quality of the included studies was moderate to good. MBP prior to laparoscopic gynecologic benign surgery or vaginal prolapse surgery has not been proven to be valuable for surgical performance, mainly involving visualization of the surgical field (OR 1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1 to 2.32; Z = 1.95, p = 0.05), bowel handling (OR 2.21, 95% CI 0.83 to 5.84; Z = 1.59, p = 0.11), surgical complications (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.46 to 3.67; Z = 0.5, p = 0.62) and bowel preparation. The discomfort due to oral catharsis is severer than no bowel preparation and enema, however without any difference between enema and no bowel preparation. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The routine practice of MBP before gynecologic surgery needs to be reconsidered. This traditional clinical behavior has to be abandoned before benign laparoscopic surgery. Studies on the role of MBP for gynecologic laparotomy and gynecologic cancer are urgent.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128156
title: Supplementary Material for: CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Inhibit Natural Killer Cell Hepatocytotoxicity of Hepatitis B Virus Transgenic Mice via Membrane-Bound TGF-β and OX40

description: CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological hepatic immune responses, but the roles are not well explored in natural killer (NK) cell-mediated liver diseases. In this study, using the NK cell-mediated oversensitive liver injury model of hepatitis B virus transgenic (HBs-Tg) mice triggered by a low dose of concanavalin A, it was observed that an increased number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs were accumulated in the liver, along with the recovery of liver injury. Adoptive transfer of hepatic Tregs from HBs-Tg mice but not wild B6 mice could significantly attenuate the oversensitive liver injury via inhibiting liver accumulation and decreasing NK cell group 2D-mediated activation of NK cells in the recipient HBs-Tg mice. Furthermore, upregulated expression of membrane-bound TGF-β (mTGF-β) and OX40 on hepatic Tregs were demonstrated to account for inhibiting the NK cell-mediated hepatic injury in HBs-Tg mice through cell-cell contact, confirmed by antibody blockade and cell Transwell experiments in vivo and in vitro<i>. </i>Our findings for the first time indicated that CD4+CD25+ Tregs directly suppressed NK cell-mediated hepatocytotoxicity through mTGF-β and OX40/OX40L interaction in a cell-cell contact manner in HBV-associated liver disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128162.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Validation of the Conventional Resection Criteria in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Terms of the Incidence of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure and Long-Term Prognosis

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Resection criteria in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) should be established based on the risk of posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) and the survival benefit from hepatectomy. This study aimed at verifying the validity of the conventional criteria regarding the incidence of PHLF and the long-term prognosis of HCC patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A retrospective study was performed on 265 patients who underwent major hepatectomy. Makuuchi's criteria and the future liver remnant plasma clearance rate of indocyanine green (ICGK-rem) ≥0.05 criterion were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 107 and 158 patients were within and beyond Makuuchi's criteria, respectively. Makuuchi's criteria were associated with the incidence of PHLF (p = 0.03) but not with its severity (p = 0.12). No differences in disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival (OS) were observed between the groups (p = 0.75 and p = 0.94, respectively). Using the ICGK-rem ≥0.05 criterion, 223 and 42 patients were within and beyond the criterion, respectively. ICGK-rem was correlated with both the incidence of PHLF (p = 0.002) and its severity (p = 0.03). No differences in DFS or OS were observed between the groups (p = 0.75 and p = 0.29, respectively). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Strict criteria are likely to preclude some patients from obtaining the greater survival benefits of hepatectomy. New criteria that consider patient prognosis are needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128165.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Extraordinary Diversity in the Origins of Sex Chromosomes in Anurans Inferred from Comparative Gene Mapping

description: Sex determination in frogs (anurans) is genetic and includes both male and female heterogamety. However, the origins of the sex chromosomes and their differentiation processes are poorly known. To investigate diversity in the origins of anuran sex chromosomes, we compared the chromosomal locations of sex-linked genes in 4 species: the African clawed frog<i> (Xenopus laevis)</i>, the Western clawed frog <i>(Silurana/X. tropicalis)</i>, the Japanese bell-ring frog <i>(Buergeria buergeri)</i>, and the Japanese wrinkled frog<i> (Rana rugosa)</i>. Comparative mapping data revealed that the sex chromosomes of <i>X. laevis</i>, <i>X. tropicalis</i> and <i>R. rugosa </i>are different chromosome pairs; however, the sex chromosomes of <i>X. tropicalis</i> and <i>B. buergeri</i> are homologous, although this may represent distinct evolutionary origins. We also examined the status of sex chromosomal differentiation in <i>B. buergeri</i>, which possesses heteromorphic ZW sex chromosomes, using comparative genomic hybridization and chromosome painting with DNA probes from the microdissected W chromosome. At least 3 rearrangement events have occurred in the proto-W chromosome: deletion of the nucleolus organizer region and a paracentric inversion followed by amplification of non-W-specific repetitive sequences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128150
title: Supplementary Material for: Carotid Artery Stenting Successfully Prevents Progressive Stroke Due to Mobile Plaque

description: We report a case of progressive ischemic stroke due to a mobile plaque, in which carotid artery stenting successfully prevented further infarctions. A 78-year-old man developed acute multiple infarcts in the right hemisphere, and a duplex ultrasound showed a mobile plaque involving the bifurcation of the left common carotid artery. Maximal medical therapy failed to prevent further infarcts, and the number of infarcts increased with his neurological deterioration. Our present case suggests that the deployment of a closed-cell stent is effective to prevent the progression of the ischemic stroke due to the mobile plaque.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128153
title: Supplementary Material for: Molecular Polymorphism and Divergence of Duplicated Genes in Tetraploid African Clawed Frogs <b><i>(Xenopus)</i></b>

description: Genome duplication creates redundancy in proteins and their interaction networks, and subsequent smaller-scale gene duplication can further amplify genetic redundancy. Mutations then lead to the loss, maintenance or functional divergence of duplicated genes. Genome duplication occurred many times in African clawed frogs (genus <i>Xenopus</i>), and almost all extant species in this group evolved from a polyploid ancestor. To better understand the nature of selective constraints in a polyploid genome, we examined molecular polymorphism and divergence of duplicates and single-copy genes in 2 tetraploid African clawed frog species, <i>Xenopus laevis </i>and <i>X. victorianus</i>. We found that molecular polymorphism in the coding regions of putative duplicated genes was higher than in singletons, but not significantly so. Our findings also suggest that transcriptome evolution in polyploids is influenced by variation in the genome-wide mutation rate, and do not reject the hypothesis that gene dosage balance is also important.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128159
title: Supplementary Material for: Interaction between Common Genetic Variants and Total Fat Intake on Low-Density Lipoprotein Peak Particle Diameter: A Genome-Wide Association Study

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> Total fat intake has an important impact on the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) peak particle diameter (LDL-PPD) and may interact with nutrient-sensitive single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The objective was<b> </b>to examine whether there is suggestive evidence of SNP × dietary fat intake interaction effects influencing the LDL-PPD in the Quebec Family Study (QFS) in order to generate hypotheses to be tested in larger studies. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> SNPs from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using Illumina Human610-Quad BeadChip, total fat intake derived from a 3-day weighted food record, and SNP × total fat intake interaction effects were examined on LDL-PPD in 541 QFS subjects. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The GWAS analyses 29 identified independent SNP × total fat intake interaction effects on the LDL-PPD at p &lt; 10<sup>-5</sup>, including SNPs in the following genes: <i>ABCG2, CPA3, FNBP1, KCNQ3, NBAS, NCALD, OPRL1, NKAIN2, SH3BGRL2, SOX5, </i>and <i>SUSD4</i>. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This observational study suggests that multiple SNPs interact with dietary fat intake to influence variation in the LDL-PPD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128147
title: Supplementary Material for: Myocardial Infarction after Ozone Therapy: Is Ozone Therapy Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde?

description: We discuss the case of a 46-year-old male patient presenting to the emergency department with acute inferior myocardial infarction. Coronary angiography demonstrated a vasospasm of the left main coronary artery and proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery. Furthermore, a thrombotic total occlusion was ascertained in the right coronary artery. The vasospasm in the left main and left anterior descending artery disappeared after nitrate administration. We successfully implanted a stent to the thrombotic occlusion in the right coronary artery after predilatation. On detailed questioning, the patient stated that ozonated autohemotherapy had been applied that morning in a private clinic for the revitalization and regeneration of tissues. The patient did not have any traditional atherosclerotic risk factors. He denied any history of cardiac complaint. Factor V Leiden, prothrombin 20210 and MTHFR a1298c and c677t mutations were investigated and found to be negative except for MTHFR a1298c, which was a heterozygote. The levels of antithrombin III, homocysteine and protein C and S were all within normal ranges. Ozone as a medical therapy has been used in many medical conditions; unfortunately, however, like every other therapy, ozone therapy has side effects. The literature concerning ozone therapy supports possible strong vasoconstrictor and prothrombotic effects of ozone therapy, further supporting our suggestion that ozone can lead to acute coronary syndromes in human beings. In conclusion, to our knowledge, our case report reveals a possible complication of ozone therapy that has never been reported before. We think that this article will raise the awareness of the possibility of thrombotic complications after ozonated autohemotherapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128156.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Inhibit Natural Killer Cell Hepatocytotoxicity of Hepatitis B Virus Transgenic Mice via Membrane-Bound TGF-β and OX40

description: CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are involved in the regulation of physiological and pathological hepatic immune responses, but the roles are not well explored in natural killer (NK) cell-mediated liver diseases. In this study, using the NK cell-mediated oversensitive liver injury model of hepatitis B virus transgenic (HBs-Tg) mice triggered by a low dose of concanavalin A, it was observed that an increased number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs were accumulated in the liver, along with the recovery of liver injury. Adoptive transfer of hepatic Tregs from HBs-Tg mice but not wild B6 mice could significantly attenuate the oversensitive liver injury via inhibiting liver accumulation and decreasing NK cell group 2D-mediated activation of NK cells in the recipient HBs-Tg mice. Furthermore, upregulated expression of membrane-bound TGF-β (mTGF-β) and OX40 on hepatic Tregs were demonstrated to account for inhibiting the NK cell-mediated hepatic injury in HBs-Tg mice through cell-cell contact, confirmed by antibody blockade and cell Transwell experiments in vivo and in vitro<i>. </i>Our findings for the first time indicated that CD4+CD25+ Tregs directly suppressed NK cell-mediated hepatocytotoxicity through mTGF-β and OX40/OX40L interaction in a cell-cell contact manner in HBV-associated liver disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128144
title: Supplementary Material for: Multiple Sclerosis Epidemiology in Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurological disorders and a leading cause of nontraumatic disability in young adults in many countries. Recent reports from the Middle East and North Africa have suggested a moderate to high risk of MS in these countries. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A literature search was performed in August 2014 in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and IMEMR to retrieve original population-based studies on MS epidemiology in the Middle East and North African countries published between 1st January 1985 and 1st August 2014. We designed search strategies using the key words: MS, prevalence, incidence, and epidemiology. According to the inclusion criteria, 52 studies were included in this systematic review. <b><i>Results:</i></b> McDonald's criteria were the most widely used diagnostic criteria in the studies. Most studies were conducted in single hospital-based centers with a defined catchment area. The female/male ratio ranged from 0.8 in Oman to 4.3 in Saudi Arabia. MS prevalence ranged from 14.77/100,000 population in Kuwait (2000) to 101.4/100,000 in Turkey (2006). The overall MS prevalence in the region was 51.52/100,000. The mean age at disease onset ranged from 25.2 years in Kuwait to 32.5 years in Northeastern Iran, with an overall estimate of 28.54 years. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Recent advances in MS registries will allow nation-wide studies and temporal comparisons between countries, provided that age- and sex-standardized estimates are available.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128153.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Molecular Polymorphism and Divergence of Duplicated Genes in Tetraploid African Clawed Frogs <b><i>(Xenopus)</i></b>

description: Genome duplication creates redundancy in proteins and their interaction networks, and subsequent smaller-scale gene duplication can further amplify genetic redundancy. Mutations then lead to the loss, maintenance or functional divergence of duplicated genes. Genome duplication occurred many times in African clawed frogs (genus <i>Xenopus</i>), and almost all extant species in this group evolved from a polyploid ancestor. To better understand the nature of selective constraints in a polyploid genome, we examined molecular polymorphism and divergence of duplicates and single-copy genes in 2 tetraploid African clawed frog species, <i>Xenopus laevis </i>and <i>X. victorianus</i>. We found that molecular polymorphism in the coding regions of putative duplicated genes was higher than in singletons, but not significantly so. Our findings also suggest that transcriptome evolution in polyploids is influenced by variation in the genome-wide mutation rate, and do not reject the hypothesis that gene dosage balance is also important.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128159.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Interaction between Common Genetic Variants and Total Fat Intake on Low-Density Lipoprotein Peak Particle Diameter: A Genome-Wide Association Study

description: <b><i>Background/Aim:</i></b> Total fat intake has an important impact on the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) peak particle diameter (LDL-PPD) and may interact with nutrient-sensitive single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The objective was<b> </b>to examine whether there is suggestive evidence of SNP × dietary fat intake interaction effects influencing the LDL-PPD in the Quebec Family Study (QFS) in order to generate hypotheses to be tested in larger studies. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> SNPs from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using Illumina Human610-Quad BeadChip, total fat intake derived from a 3-day weighted food record, and SNP × total fat intake interaction effects were examined on LDL-PPD in 541 QFS subjects. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The GWAS analyses 29 identified independent SNP × total fat intake interaction effects on the LDL-PPD at p &lt; 10<sup>-5</sup>, including SNPs in the following genes: <i>ABCG2, CPA3, FNBP1, KCNQ3, NBAS, NCALD, OPRL1, NKAIN2, SH3BGRL2, SOX5, </i>and <i>SUSD4</i>. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This observational study suggests that multiple SNPs interact with dietary fat intake to influence variation in the LDL-PPD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128138
title: Supplementary Material for: Sex and Hemisphere - A Neglected, Nature-Determined Relationship in Acute Ischemic Stroke

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Sex differences in the structural connectome of the brain are clinically highly relevant, but they have mostly been neglected in stroke trials. We investigated the impact of the interaction sex-by-hemisphere on outcome in stroke patients after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is an observational study based on consecutively collected supratentorial stroke patients treated with IVT (n = 1,231). The 3-month modified Rankin scale (mRS) was estimated by adjusted binary (mRS 0-2 for good outcome) and ordinal regression analysis. As baseline characteristics differ substantially between the sexes, we aimed for better covariate balance by employing coarsened exact matching. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Sex-by-hemisphere predicted good outcome in the entire cohort (726 left, 505 right hemispheric strokes, p value<sub>interaction</sub> 0.032) and in the matched cohort (338 left, 273 right, p value<sub>interaction</sub> 0.003). Ordinal regression suggested a comparable estimate in the matched cohort (p value<sub>interaction</sub> 0.006). Further investigation revealed relevant between-sex and within-sex risk: right hemispheric strokes in men were 1.54 times (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.15-2.01) more likely than in women to achieve mRS 0-2. Women with right hemispheric strokes were 0.72 times (95% CI 0.54-0.92) less likely to reach mRS 0-2 than women with left hemispheric strokes. Conversely, men with right hemispheric strokes were 1.35 times (95% CI 1.06-1.70) more likely to achieve mRS 0-2 than men with left hemispheric strokes. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study suggests that outcomes are different in both sexes after IVT when different hemispheres are affected. Further consideration of this hypothesis in clinical trials might help in guiding individualized, injury-specific treatment approaches for acute ischemic stroke.