cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907669
title: Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in Wistar rats exposed to ethanol

description: Abstract Tuberculosis treatment consists of a drug combination, where isoniazid is the core drug and alcoholism is a factor highly related to poor patient compliance with the therapy. CYP2E1 is an enzyme involved both in the metabolism of ethanol and in the formation of hepatotoxic compounds during the metabolism of isoniazid. The shared metabolism pathway accounts for the possibility of pharmacokinetic interaction in cases of concomitant alcohol use during tuberculosis treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of repeated exposure of Wistar rats (males, 250 g, n=6) to ethanol on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of isoniazid in combination with pyrazinamide and rifampicin (100 mg/kg, 350 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively). An animal group received the combination of drugs and ethanol and was compared to a control group, which received the combination of drugs without exposure to ethanol. The plasma concentrations of isoniazid were determined by a UHPLC/UV bioanalytical method that was previously validated. Biochemical markers of liver function were measured to assess potential damage. A lower elimination half-life of isoniazid was observed in the ethanol group than in the control group (t1/2 0.91 h versus 1.34 h). There was no evidence of hepatotoxicity through the biomarker enzymes evaluated. The results allow us to infer that although there are no biochemical changes related to liver damage, there is a slight influence of ethanol exposure on the pharmacokinetic profile of isoniazid. This change may have a relevant impact on the efficacy of isoniazid in the outcome of tuberculosis treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907669.v1
title: Pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in Wistar rats exposed to ethanol

description: Abstract Tuberculosis treatment consists of a drug combination, where isoniazid is the core drug and alcoholism is a factor highly related to poor patient compliance with the therapy. CYP2E1 is an enzyme involved both in the metabolism of ethanol and in the formation of hepatotoxic compounds during the metabolism of isoniazid. The shared metabolism pathway accounts for the possibility of pharmacokinetic interaction in cases of concomitant alcohol use during tuberculosis treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of repeated exposure of Wistar rats (males, 250 g, n=6) to ethanol on the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of isoniazid in combination with pyrazinamide and rifampicin (100 mg/kg, 350 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively). An animal group received the combination of drugs and ethanol and was compared to a control group, which received the combination of drugs without exposure to ethanol. The plasma concentrations of isoniazid were determined by a UHPLC/UV bioanalytical method that was previously validated. Biochemical markers of liver function were measured to assess potential damage. A lower elimination half-life of isoniazid was observed in the ethanol group than in the control group (t1/2 0.91 h versus 1.34 h). There was no evidence of hepatotoxicity through the biomarker enzymes evaluated. The results allow us to infer that although there are no biochemical changes related to liver damage, there is a slight influence of ethanol exposure on the pharmacokinetic profile of isoniazid. This change may have a relevant impact on the efficacy of isoniazid in the outcome of tuberculosis treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907672
title: The COVID-19 pandemic and teachers’ work: perceptions of teachers from a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

description: Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic required the restructuring of educational models, including the rapid transition from face-to-face to remote education. The aim of this qualitative research was to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate professors’ work and health at a public university in the state of São Paulo. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 undergraduate faculty of humanities, biological and exact sciences form August to September 2020. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. From the content analysis, four thematic categories emerged: (1) changes in the work routine and their impacts, including adjustment to remote work and the difficulties in establishing boundaries between work and their personal life; (2) changes in the dynamics between faculty and students and the possibility of rethinking teaching practice; (3) the relationship between faculty and the university with emphasis on the decision-making process, support for the transition to remote teaching, and concerns about the quality of teaching; and (4) anguish and fears related to the pandemic that added to the set of work-related stressors. Our findings showed that actions towards the communicational dynamics, as well as actions towards faculties’ mental health should be implemented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907672.v1
title: The COVID-19 pandemic and teachers’ work: perceptions of teachers from a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

description: Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic required the restructuring of educational models, including the rapid transition from face-to-face to remote education. The aim of this qualitative research was to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate professors’ work and health at a public university in the state of São Paulo. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 undergraduate faculty of humanities, biological and exact sciences form August to September 2020. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. From the content analysis, four thematic categories emerged: (1) changes in the work routine and their impacts, including adjustment to remote work and the difficulties in establishing boundaries between work and their personal life; (2) changes in the dynamics between faculty and students and the possibility of rethinking teaching practice; (3) the relationship between faculty and the university with emphasis on the decision-making process, support for the transition to remote teaching, and concerns about the quality of teaching; and (4) anguish and fears related to the pandemic that added to the set of work-related stressors. Our findings showed that actions towards the communicational dynamics, as well as actions towards faculties’ mental health should be implemented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907677
title: Vaccination against poliomyelitis in Brazil from 2011 to 2021: successes, setbacks, and challenges ahead

description: Abstract The drop in childhood vaccination coverage (VC), including poliomyelitis, has become a health concern. The objective was to analyze the temporal trend of coverage of the three doses of the polio vaccine in the first 12 months of life between 2011 and 2021, in addition to mapping vaccination coverage in Brazil, including the COVID-19 pandemic period. An ecological study was carried out using interrupted time series (STI) techniques and spatial analysis, with data from the National Immunization Program Information System. The VC trend was adjusted by the Newey-West variance estimator according to the federated units and the Brazilian Deprivation Index. The VC distribution was estimated by Bayesian models and the spatial clusters by the global and local Moran index, identifying areas of lower coverage in the health regions. There was a reduction in the VC over the period in all regions, being more pronounced in the North and Northeast regions and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The biggest drops were identified in states and health regions with greater social vulnerability after 2019. The drop in VC shows that the risk of reintroduction of the wild virus is imminent and the challenges need to be faced with the strengthening of the Brazilian Health System (SUS).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907677.v1
title: Vaccination against poliomyelitis in Brazil from 2011 to 2021: successes, setbacks, and challenges ahead

description: Abstract The drop in childhood vaccination coverage (VC), including poliomyelitis, has become a health concern. The objective was to analyze the temporal trend of coverage of the three doses of the polio vaccine in the first 12 months of life between 2011 and 2021, in addition to mapping vaccination coverage in Brazil, including the COVID-19 pandemic period. An ecological study was carried out using interrupted time series (STI) techniques and spatial analysis, with data from the National Immunization Program Information System. The VC trend was adjusted by the Newey-West variance estimator according to the federated units and the Brazilian Deprivation Index. The VC distribution was estimated by Bayesian models and the spatial clusters by the global and local Moran index, identifying areas of lower coverage in the health regions. There was a reduction in the VC over the period in all regions, being more pronounced in the North and Northeast regions and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The biggest drops were identified in states and health regions with greater social vulnerability after 2019. The drop in VC shows that the risk of reintroduction of the wild virus is imminent and the challenges need to be faced with the strengthening of the Brazilian Health System (SUS).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907680
title: A fuzzy AHP analysis of potential criteria for initiatives in digital transformation for agribusiness

description: ABSTRACT Purpose: Exploring criteria for digital transformation in agribusiness (DTA) and analyzing their potential importance (weight) and priorities (ranking) for future DTA projects. Originality/value: Digital transformation (DT) has become increasingly central in agribusiness, fostering a rapid process of dependence on digital technologies for operational processes. However, the lack of consistent criteria for DTA may hinder progress towards project development and industrial applications, as well as obstruct further research due to potential conceptual, technical, and theoretical shortcomings. Design/methodology/approach: A manual review of literature coupled with automatic text clustering tools was employed to elicit criteria and subcriteria. To analyze weights and rankings, two methods were used in tandem: fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarities to ideal solution (Topsis) in order to aggregate responses from DTA specialists. Findings: The criteria extracted from the literature were: knowledge management (analysis, monitoring, decision-making), automation (planting and harvesting, processing and manufacturing, maintenance, technology, machinery and tools), efficiency (costs, work and personnel, processes), and continuity (quality and food safety, environmental sustainability). The results point to a set of criteria anchored in the transition of operations to digital technologies yet bound by the physical limitations of a traditional non-digital business. This paper contributes to the development of the literature by providing a set of criteria for DTA projects and analyzing their possible importance according to a panel of specialists. Practical implications include a definition of areas and their potential relative importance for future implementations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907680.v1
title: A fuzzy AHP analysis of potential criteria for initiatives in digital transformation for agribusiness

description: ABSTRACT Purpose: Exploring criteria for digital transformation in agribusiness (DTA) and analyzing their potential importance (weight) and priorities (ranking) for future DTA projects. Originality/value: Digital transformation (DT) has become increasingly central in agribusiness, fostering a rapid process of dependence on digital technologies for operational processes. However, the lack of consistent criteria for DTA may hinder progress towards project development and industrial applications, as well as obstruct further research due to potential conceptual, technical, and theoretical shortcomings. Design/methodology/approach: A manual review of literature coupled with automatic text clustering tools was employed to elicit criteria and subcriteria. To analyze weights and rankings, two methods were used in tandem: fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy technique for order preference by similarities to ideal solution (Topsis) in order to aggregate responses from DTA specialists. Findings: The criteria extracted from the literature were: knowledge management (analysis, monitoring, decision-making), automation (planting and harvesting, processing and manufacturing, maintenance, technology, machinery and tools), efficiency (costs, work and personnel, processes), and continuity (quality and food safety, environmental sustainability). The results point to a set of criteria anchored in the transition of operations to digital technologies yet bound by the physical limitations of a traditional non-digital business. This paper contributes to the development of the literature by providing a set of criteria for DTA projects and analyzing their possible importance according to a panel of specialists. Practical implications include a definition of areas and their potential relative importance for future implementations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907681
title: Healthy eating in supermarket circulars: reflections according to the food classification adopted in dietary guidelines for the Brazilian population

description: Abstract The present study evaluated the promotion of natural/minimally processed foods (N/MPF) subgroups advertised in supermarket circulars by considering supermarket features and circular typology. We analyzed circulars published by five supermarket chains in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (June/2019-May/2020) and present data on the socioeconomic coverage and profile of the supermarkets and the types of circulars. Of the 68,110 types of foods, 30.6% were N/MPF. Meat/eggs were the most promoted ones (42.3%), followed by fruits/vegetables (20.2%), which were more often advertised by produce shop circulars. Dairy products, cereals/flours/pasta and beverages/infusions made up around 10.0% of the ads. Legumes (3.8%), spices and mushrooms (0.2%) and oilseeds (0.1%) were rarely promoted. Statistically significant differences were found in the promotion of subgroups according to supermarket coverage and their socioeconomic profiles. Fruits/vegetables were more often advertised by national chains and aimed at a high-income public than by local companies and aimed at a low/middle-income public. Promotion of N/MPF subgroups was disproportional due to differences among chains and types of circulars. As a result, a discussion on the regulation of food promotion in food retail is required.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907681.v1
title: Healthy eating in supermarket circulars: reflections according to the food classification adopted in dietary guidelines for the Brazilian population

description: Abstract The present study evaluated the promotion of natural/minimally processed foods (N/MPF) subgroups advertised in supermarket circulars by considering supermarket features and circular typology. We analyzed circulars published by five supermarket chains in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro (June/2019-May/2020) and present data on the socioeconomic coverage and profile of the supermarkets and the types of circulars. Of the 68,110 types of foods, 30.6% were N/MPF. Meat/eggs were the most promoted ones (42.3%), followed by fruits/vegetables (20.2%), which were more often advertised by produce shop circulars. Dairy products, cereals/flours/pasta and beverages/infusions made up around 10.0% of the ads. Legumes (3.8%), spices and mushrooms (0.2%) and oilseeds (0.1%) were rarely promoted. Statistically significant differences were found in the promotion of subgroups according to supermarket coverage and their socioeconomic profiles. Fruits/vegetables were more often advertised by national chains and aimed at a high-income public than by local companies and aimed at a low/middle-income public. Promotion of N/MPF subgroups was disproportional due to differences among chains and types of circulars. As a result, a discussion on the regulation of food promotion in food retail is required.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21856207.v1
title: Performance indicators and their importance for effective short-term and operational mine planning

description: Abstract Mining in Brazil is one of the pillars that support its GDP (gross domestic product). Its execution requires technique and expertise. In a mining venture, the value chain drives the business to achieve its goals. Mine planning has a great influence on its performance, as it is through it that the organization is based to offer its products to the market and, consequently, the low compliance with the established premises will bring undesirable inconveniences. Within the planning, the short term is dedicated to operationalize the plans made possible by the long and medium term teams, in addition to attending to market variations. The indicators that control this process are of great importance, as an incorrect identification inserted in the various criteria that compose it can guide managers towards inefficient decision making. The objective of this study was, through lean methodology, to identify the main performance indicators that impact on the non-exception of the mining plan measured by the adherence and compliance indicators. In this method, the main causes of non-adherence and compliance with the mining plan were identified, enabling short and medium-term actions that leveraged the indicators. This study leveraged the average adherence and compliance by 17% and 54.9%, respectively, exceeding the target set for 6.5% and 49.2% respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21856207
title: Performance indicators and their importance for effective short-term and operational mine planning

description: Abstract Mining in Brazil is one of the pillars that support its GDP (gross domestic product). Its execution requires technique and expertise. In a mining venture, the value chain drives the business to achieve its goals. Mine planning has a great influence on its performance, as it is through it that the organization is based to offer its products to the market and, consequently, the low compliance with the established premises will bring undesirable inconveniences. Within the planning, the short term is dedicated to operationalize the plans made possible by the long and medium term teams, in addition to attending to market variations. The indicators that control this process are of great importance, as an incorrect identification inserted in the various criteria that compose it can guide managers towards inefficient decision making. The objective of this study was, through lean methodology, to identify the main performance indicators that impact on the non-exception of the mining plan measured by the adherence and compliance indicators. In this method, the main causes of non-adherence and compliance with the mining plan were identified, enabling short and medium-term actions that leveraged the indicators. This study leveraged the average adherence and compliance by 17% and 54.9%, respectively, exceeding the target set for 6.5% and 49.2% respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907690
title: Physical/functional rehabilitation in Brazil: spatiotemporal analysis of the offer in the Public Healthcare System

description: Abstract The complex epidemiological profile of Brazil, the aging population and the proportion of individuals with disabilities have led to a substantial increase in the demand for rehabilitation. The spatiotemporal distribution of the offer of physiotherapy, speech therapy and occupational therapy in the Brazilian public healthcare system from 2007 to 2019 was analyzed for the five macro-regions of the country. Data from the National Register of Health Establishments and census estimates from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics were used. Indicators of the offer of professionals in these fields services and relative changes in the offer were calculated. The spatial distribution of the relative change in the offer was also determined. A regression model with inflection points was adopted for the analysis of the temporal trend. A growing temporal trend was found in the offer of the three professionals in Brazil as a whole and in all regions of the country, but with a slowdown in growth. Differences were observed in the offer among the regions of the country, revealing healthcare inequality that needs to be overcome. The present findings can assist in planning to expand access to rehabilitation services in the country.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907690.v1
title: Physical/functional rehabilitation in Brazil: spatiotemporal analysis of the offer in the Public Healthcare System

description: Abstract The complex epidemiological profile of Brazil, the aging population and the proportion of individuals with disabilities have led to a substantial increase in the demand for rehabilitation. The spatiotemporal distribution of the offer of physiotherapy, speech therapy and occupational therapy in the Brazilian public healthcare system from 2007 to 2019 was analyzed for the five macro-regions of the country. Data from the National Register of Health Establishments and census estimates from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics were used. Indicators of the offer of professionals in these fields services and relative changes in the offer were calculated. The spatial distribution of the relative change in the offer was also determined. A regression model with inflection points was adopted for the analysis of the temporal trend. A growing temporal trend was found in the offer of the three professionals in Brazil as a whole and in all regions of the country, but with a slowdown in growth. Differences were observed in the offer among the regions of the country, revealing healthcare inequality that needs to be overcome. The present findings can assist in planning to expand access to rehabilitation services in the country.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21907692
title: Evaluation of the national information security policy by analytic hierarchy process

description: ABSTRACT Recent cybersecurity reports show that Brazil is one of the countries with the highest number of cybercrimes, affecting more than 60 million people and causing losses estimated at more than 20 billion dollars. Within the scope of the Public Administration, the National Information Security Policy (PNSI) assigned to the Institutional Security Office of the Presidency (GSI/PR) the task of monitoring and evaluating its execution, stimulating the broad participation of society and agencies and public authorities in the construction of the process, which includes the academic effort. To contribute to this context, this research analyzed different reference models, whose structure best suited the needs of the institutions evaluated and a quantitative method capable of objectively indicating the weight of the various variables in the model. The maturity model chosen was the CSF-NIST and the method selected was the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), for weighting the criteria and sub criteria. A case study illustrates the application of the selected model and method, indicating “how” to implement them, considering the specificities of the evaluated institution.