cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969702
title: Perceptions and Practices of Professionals in Primary Health Care in the Approach of Drug Use

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the perceptions of the professionals of Primary Health Care (PHC) in relation to prevention practices and the approach to users of alcohol and other drugs, raising challenges and possibilities of PHC. Through focus groups, 18 PHC practitioners of a city of small / medium-sized state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated. The results suggest that there is a general opinion in favor of preventive practices, but the focus is on curative practices; limited user participation in preventive activities; difficulties in approaching drug users; work overload, lack of engagement of doctors; insufficient health care coverage; lack of support management, among other factors that hinder the development of preventive actions and the approach of drug users.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969702.v1
title: Perceptions and Practices of Professionals in Primary Health Care in the Approach of Drug Use

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the perceptions of the professionals of Primary Health Care (PHC) in relation to prevention practices and the approach to users of alcohol and other drugs, raising challenges and possibilities of PHC. Through focus groups, 18 PHC practitioners of a city of small / medium-sized state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated. The results suggest that there is a general opinion in favor of preventive practices, but the focus is on curative practices; limited user participation in preventive activities; difficulties in approaching drug users; work overload, lack of engagement of doctors; insufficient health care coverage; lack of support management, among other factors that hinder the development of preventive actions and the approach of drug users.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969705
title: Social stereotypes of elderly for different age groups

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify stereotypes of elderly for different age groups. Eight focus groups with five participants each were conducted. 12 pictures of persons and 70 cards were used with adjectives regarding to elderlies. The participants (40) were separated by gender and age groups. Among them, 30 reported daily contact with elderlies. For the elderly participants, age was the main criterion of categorization, followed by ethnicity, for the other groups the main criterion was gender, followed by age. In average, each group developed three categories and all reported age as the used criterion. Consensus of categories emerged on "old-aged": cult, depressed, grumpy, positive and negative. The homogeneity effect of the out-group occurred in most groups, but the intergroup favoritism did not take place.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969705.v1
title: Social stereotypes of elderly for different age groups

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify stereotypes of elderly for different age groups. Eight focus groups with five participants each were conducted. 12 pictures of persons and 70 cards were used with adjectives regarding to elderlies. The participants (40) were separated by gender and age groups. Among them, 30 reported daily contact with elderlies. For the elderly participants, age was the main criterion of categorization, followed by ethnicity, for the other groups the main criterion was gender, followed by age. In average, each group developed three categories and all reported age as the used criterion. Consensus of categories emerged on "old-aged": cult, depressed, grumpy, positive and negative. The homogeneity effect of the out-group occurred in most groups, but the intergroup favoritism did not take place.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969706.v1
title: Dehumanization in the Stereotypes of Indigenous People and Gypsies

description: ABSTRACT We analyzed, in two studies carried out in Sergipe and Alagoas, the dehumanization of Gypsies and Indians. A total of 678 male and female subjects participated. In the first study 378 non-Indians from five cities in Sergipe and Alagoas collaborated, 104 of them living close to the only indigenous tribe in Sergipe. The second involved 300 non-gypsies, 153 of them living close to Gypsy communities. The studies consisted of individual interviews inquiring about social representations and neutral collective beliefs about Gypsies and Indigenous People. We found that indigenous people were represented as exotics and invisible, and neutral collective beliefs or moral exclusion predominated. In relation to gypsies, the dehumanization process was more blatant, predominating moral exclusion and delegitimization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969706
title: Dehumanization in the Stereotypes of Indigenous People and Gypsies

description: ABSTRACT We analyzed, in two studies carried out in Sergipe and Alagoas, the dehumanization of Gypsies and Indians. A total of 678 male and female subjects participated. In the first study 378 non-Indians from five cities in Sergipe and Alagoas collaborated, 104 of them living close to the only indigenous tribe in Sergipe. The second involved 300 non-gypsies, 153 of them living close to Gypsy communities. The studies consisted of individual interviews inquiring about social representations and neutral collective beliefs about Gypsies and Indigenous People. We found that indigenous people were represented as exotics and invisible, and neutral collective beliefs or moral exclusion predominated. In relation to gypsies, the dehumanization process was more blatant, predominating moral exclusion and delegitimization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969709
title: Narrative of Brazilian Individuals after Deafness Diagnosis

description: ABSTRACT In this article, we investigate what deaf people report about the discovery of their own deafness diagnosis. Our data was collected in a focal group composed of five poor deaf adults conducted by a multidisciplinary team (educator, psychologist and sign language interpreter). All meetings were held in 2013 in Brasília, Brazil. As a result of our analysis, we identified narrative fragments which reveal two interdependent aspects of the impact of deafness diagnosis on the subjective identity: a) the iatrogenic effect; and b) the dramatic reconfiguration of parental relations after diagnosis. Our conclusion indicates that, after the discovery of their deafness, subjects become identified in the light of the unwelcome deficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969709.v1
title: Narrative of Brazilian Individuals after Deafness Diagnosis

description: ABSTRACT In this article, we investigate what deaf people report about the discovery of their own deafness diagnosis. Our data was collected in a focal group composed of five poor deaf adults conducted by a multidisciplinary team (educator, psychologist and sign language interpreter). All meetings were held in 2013 in Brasília, Brazil. As a result of our analysis, we identified narrative fragments which reveal two interdependent aspects of the impact of deafness diagnosis on the subjective identity: a) the iatrogenic effect; and b) the dramatic reconfiguration of parental relations after diagnosis. Our conclusion indicates that, after the discovery of their deafness, subjects become identified in the light of the unwelcome deficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969712
title: He was neither a good father nor a good husband: Marital and parental roles in low-income separated families

description: ABSTRACT This study aims to differentiate parental and marital roles of low-income separated parents with small children. This survey was conducted in a university school clinic of Psychology, based on qualitative methodology. Four mothers and three fathers participated in semi-structured individual interviews. Through thematic analysis, the outcomes showed the dynamic, paradoxical, and recursive reality of these families, with particularities and similarities to other socioeconomic contexts. Movements to maintain and to end the marital roles and inclusion of third parties in the marital conflict contribute to confusion between parental and marital roles. Attempts to differentiate these roles were also observed, offering strengths that should be emphasized.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969712.v1
title: He was neither a good father nor a good husband: Marital and parental roles in low-income separated families

description: ABSTRACT This study aims to differentiate parental and marital roles of low-income separated parents with small children. This survey was conducted in a university school clinic of Psychology, based on qualitative methodology. Four mothers and three fathers participated in semi-structured individual interviews. Through thematic analysis, the outcomes showed the dynamic, paradoxical, and recursive reality of these families, with particularities and similarities to other socioeconomic contexts. Movements to maintain and to end the marital roles and inclusion of third parties in the marital conflict contribute to confusion between parental and marital roles. Attempts to differentiate these roles were also observed, offering strengths that should be emphasized.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969714
title: Crack Cocaine Users Seeking Treatment in Brasília

description: ABSTRACT Aiming to identify the profile of outpatients seeking treatment for crack cocaine-related problems in Brasília, 132 clients receiving psychological services completed the Profile of Crack Consumption Questionnaire and the Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Brief. Most participants were male (83.6%), single (38.8%), and housed (100%). First use was motivated predominantly by curiosity (65.9%), peer influence (58.3%), and easy access (50.8%). Most (65.2%) reported polysubstance use. The longest period of abstinence attained was four years (1.5%), and most (46.2%) reported less than 30 days of abstinence. The stereotypes of extreme social vulnerability of crack users and high lethal and addiction potential of the crack were challenged by this study. Efforts are needed to better serve those missed by the treatment system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969714.v1
title: Crack Cocaine Users Seeking Treatment in Brasília

description: ABSTRACT Aiming to identify the profile of outpatients seeking treatment for crack cocaine-related problems in Brasília, 132 clients receiving psychological services completed the Profile of Crack Consumption Questionnaire and the Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Brief. Most participants were male (83.6%), single (38.8%), and housed (100%). First use was motivated predominantly by curiosity (65.9%), peer influence (58.3%), and easy access (50.8%). Most (65.2%) reported polysubstance use. The longest period of abstinence attained was four years (1.5%), and most (46.2%) reported less than 30 days of abstinence. The stereotypes of extreme social vulnerability of crack users and high lethal and addiction potential of the crack were challenged by this study. Efforts are needed to better serve those missed by the treatment system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969715
title: Quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS: Effects of illness perception and coping strategies

description: ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the quality of life (QOL) predictors of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), from the perspective of Leventhal’s Self-Regulation Model, in which the influence of the illness perception on QOL is mediated by coping strategies. Ninety-five PLWHA answered to the instruments Brief IPQ, Brief Cope and WHOQOL-HIV BREF concerning, respectively, illness perception, coping strategies and QOL. The results indicate that illness perception has direct and indirect effects in QOL, mediated by coping strategies. The more HIV is perceived as threatening, the worse is the perception of QOL of PLWHA; however, the increased use of acceptance, distraction and instrumental support coping strategies and the less use of behavioral disengagement and positive reinterpretation could mitigate this negative effect.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969715.v1
title: Quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS: Effects of illness perception and coping strategies

description: ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the quality of life (QOL) predictors of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), from the perspective of Leventhal’s Self-Regulation Model, in which the influence of the illness perception on QOL is mediated by coping strategies. Ninety-five PLWHA answered to the instruments Brief IPQ, Brief Cope and WHOQOL-HIV BREF concerning, respectively, illness perception, coping strategies and QOL. The results indicate that illness perception has direct and indirect effects in QOL, mediated by coping strategies. The more HIV is perceived as threatening, the worse is the perception of QOL of PLWHA; however, the increased use of acceptance, distraction and instrumental support coping strategies and the less use of behavioral disengagement and positive reinterpretation could mitigate this negative effect.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969718
title: Self-efficacy and Quality of Work Life: Study with Military State Police Officers

description: ABSTRACT The present study aims to identify the relationship between quality of work life and general self-efficacy beliefs in the Military Police of the Federal District. The research is set up as a case study, with correlational design and quantitative approach. We used the Inventory of Assessment of Quality Work Life and General Self-Efficacy Scale. The participants were 1027 police officers, including 895 men and 114 women, with an average time of 16 years of service. The results showed that there are no strong significant correlations between QWL and self-efficacy. It follows that it cannot promote QVT focusing only on the individual, because even the participants realizing effective self, did not result in a positive perception of QWL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969718.v1
title: Self-efficacy and Quality of Work Life: Study with Military State Police Officers

description: ABSTRACT The present study aims to identify the relationship between quality of work life and general self-efficacy beliefs in the Military Police of the Federal District. The research is set up as a case study, with correlational design and quantitative approach. We used the Inventory of Assessment of Quality Work Life and General Self-Efficacy Scale. The participants were 1027 police officers, including 895 men and 114 women, with an average time of 16 years of service. The results showed that there are no strong significant correlations between QWL and self-efficacy. It follows that it cannot promote QVT focusing only on the individual, because even the participants realizing effective self, did not result in a positive perception of QWL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969720
title: The relationship between context, attitudes and well-being in organizational change

description: ABSTRACT A model was proposed to assess whether attitudes mediate the relationship between the context of organizational change and well-being. A quantitative study was conducted to test the model in three Brazilian public organizations that underwent organizational change processes. Seven hundred, ninety-five employees answered the organizational change context attributes scale, attitudes toward organizational change scale and scale of well-being in the workplace. Analyses of validity and reliability were carried out for all measures using three different samples, while Path Analysis were performed to test the mediation model. The model was partially corroborated suggesting the influence of attitudes and attributes of change on the well-being. In addition, the study provides mediation as a methodological strategy that can be used in further research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969720.v1
title: The relationship between context, attitudes and well-being in organizational change

description: ABSTRACT A model was proposed to assess whether attitudes mediate the relationship between the context of organizational change and well-being. A quantitative study was conducted to test the model in three Brazilian public organizations that underwent organizational change processes. Seven hundred, ninety-five employees answered the organizational change context attributes scale, attitudes toward organizational change scale and scale of well-being in the workplace. Analyses of validity and reliability were carried out for all measures using three different samples, while Path Analysis were performed to test the mediation model. The model was partially corroborated suggesting the influence of attitudes and attributes of change on the well-being. In addition, the study provides mediation as a methodological strategy that can be used in further research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969721
title: Executive Functions, Attention, and the Use of Methylphenidate: A Systematic Review Study

description: Abstract The influence of methylphenidate in performance of executive functions and attention has been much studied on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This article consists of a systematic review study of public researches between 2010 and 2016 that involves a verification of the performance profile on executive functions and attention of children and/or adolescents with ADHD, using methylphenidate or not. As descriptors, the following expressions were used: executive functions AND methylphenidate, adhd, attention. The analysis of the articles revealed that methylphenidate is considered a first-choice substance for ADHD and that its efficacy is better demonstrated on inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. There is a need for more studies regarding working memory and attention.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969721.v1
title: Executive Functions, Attention, and the Use of Methylphenidate: A Systematic Review Study

description: Abstract The influence of methylphenidate in performance of executive functions and attention has been much studied on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. This article consists of a systematic review study of public researches between 2010 and 2016 that involves a verification of the performance profile on executive functions and attention of children and/or adolescents with ADHD, using methylphenidate or not. As descriptors, the following expressions were used: executive functions AND methylphenidate, adhd, attention. The analysis of the articles revealed that methylphenidate is considered a first-choice substance for ADHD and that its efficacy is better demonstrated on inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility. There is a need for more studies regarding working memory and attention.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969724
title: Evaluation of ABLA-R Application Training

description: Abstract The ABLA-R (Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities Revised) is a useful test for assessing the discriminative abilities of individuals with developmental disorders. This study evaluated, with six professionals, the effect of three training components in ABLA-R administration accuracy: ABLA-R self-instructional manual, video feedback and role-play. None of the components, used separately in training, resulted in an accurate application of ABAL-R. The combination of the self-instructional manual with video feedback resulted in performances with more than 90% accuracy. The data corroborate previous evidence on the importance of feedback in professional training and demonstrate that a combination of training components may be more effective in teaching the ABLA-R application than using only the self-instructional manual.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969724.v1
title: Evaluation of ABLA-R Application Training

description: Abstract The ABLA-R (Assessment of Basic Learning Abilities Revised) is a useful test for assessing the discriminative abilities of individuals with developmental disorders. This study evaluated, with six professionals, the effect of three training components in ABLA-R administration accuracy: ABLA-R self-instructional manual, video feedback and role-play. None of the components, used separately in training, resulted in an accurate application of ABAL-R. The combination of the self-instructional manual with video feedback resulted in performances with more than 90% accuracy. The data corroborate previous evidence on the importance of feedback in professional training and demonstrate that a combination of training components may be more effective in teaching the ABLA-R application than using only the self-instructional manual.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969726
title: Metacontingencies and Ethical Self-Control: Effect of magnitudes of individual and cultural consequences

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the magnitudes of the individual and cultural consequences on the pattern of choices in situations of ethical self-control and metacontingencies. Six college students were divided into two microcultures, one with ABCAC'B'A design and another with an AC'B'ABCA design. In conditions B and B’ the magnitude of the individual consequence for impulsive responses increased while the cultural consequence diminished. In conditions C and C’ the magnitude of the cultural consequence increased and the individual consequence diminished. The results indicated the selection of a pattern of choices by the groups of both microcultures, according to the cultural consequence, with little or no influence of the manipulation of the magnitude of the consequences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969726.v1
title: Metacontingencies and Ethical Self-Control: Effect of magnitudes of individual and cultural consequences

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the magnitudes of the individual and cultural consequences on the pattern of choices in situations of ethical self-control and metacontingencies. Six college students were divided into two microcultures, one with ABCAC'B'A design and another with an AC'B'ABCA design. In conditions B and B’ the magnitude of the individual consequence for impulsive responses increased while the cultural consequence diminished. In conditions C and C’ the magnitude of the cultural consequence increased and the individual consequence diminished. The results indicated the selection of a pattern of choices by the groups of both microcultures, according to the cultural consequence, with little or no influence of the manipulation of the magnitude of the consequences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19969729.v1
title: Effects of Modeling and Positive Reinforcement on Children’s Fruit Consumption

description: Abstract This study evaluated the effects of modeling (videos) and consequences on fruit consumption of three preschool children. In Experiment 1, videos were presented, and subsequently, consequences. In Experiment 2, consequences were programmed, then videos and consequences were presented together. In Experiment 1, consumption was greater during presentation of consequences; in Experiment 2, videos and consequences together produced higher consumption than only consequences, suggesting an enhancing effect of videos. Gradual change in the intermittence of consequences reduced consumption for three participants in Experiment 1, but increased consumption for the two participants affected by the interventions in Experiment 2. Consumption was greater in BLII, compared to BLI, but it was lower than during interventions, indicating temporary effect of such interventions on consumption.