cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719774
title: Factors associated with risk of malnutrition in the elderly in south-eastern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition risk and its association with socioeconomic, behavioral, and health characteristics in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional study with individuals aged ≥ 60 years. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Socioeconomic, behavioral, and health information was also collected from all participants. The association between each variable and the risk of malnutrition was calculated and adjusted using Poisson hierarchical regression. Results: The initial sample consisted of 3,101 elderly people, of whom 28.3% (95%CI 25.3 - 31.4%) were at risk of malnutrition. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk of malnutrition was significantly higher in women without formal education, who did not live with a partner, and identified as black-skinned. The risk of malnutrition was twice as high in individuals with no family income as compared to those who earned at least three minimum wages. Smokers were also more likely to be at risk of malnutrition than individuals who had never smoked. Participants suffering from kidney, respiratory or heart disease were at higher risk of malnutrition than those with no history of such illnesses. Conclusion: These findings could be used to help in the development of health policies and in the establishment of adequate programs aimed at reducing the risk of malnutrition in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719774.v1
title: Factors associated with risk of malnutrition in the elderly in south-eastern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition risk and its association with socioeconomic, behavioral, and health characteristics in the community-dwelling elderly. Methods: A cross-sectional study with individuals aged ≥ 60 years. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment. Socioeconomic, behavioral, and health information was also collected from all participants. The association between each variable and the risk of malnutrition was calculated and adjusted using Poisson hierarchical regression. Results: The initial sample consisted of 3,101 elderly people, of whom 28.3% (95%CI 25.3 - 31.4%) were at risk of malnutrition. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk of malnutrition was significantly higher in women without formal education, who did not live with a partner, and identified as black-skinned. The risk of malnutrition was twice as high in individuals with no family income as compared to those who earned at least three minimum wages. Smokers were also more likely to be at risk of malnutrition than individuals who had never smoked. Participants suffering from kidney, respiratory or heart disease were at higher risk of malnutrition than those with no history of such illnesses. Conclusion: These findings could be used to help in the development of health policies and in the establishment of adequate programs aimed at reducing the risk of malnutrition in this population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719768
title: Overview of physical therapy graduation courses in Brazil: current scenario

description: Abstract Introduction: After the regulation of Physical Therapy (PT) in 1969, there were only six undergraduate courses in Brazil. In the 90s, higher education underwent major expansion in all professions and the same occurred to PT, with consequent increase in the number of professionals in the labor market and privatization of education. Objective: To describe the current situation of PT courses in Brazil offered by Higher Education Institutions (IES). Methods: The data for the region, academic organization, situation, period, school system, administrative category, vacancies, course hours and duration were obtained from the website of the Ministry of Education (MEC) and refer to the year of 2013. The descriptive analyzes of central tendency, dispersion and percentage were performed in Stata 9®. Results: From the total of 550 IES registered in the MEC, 281 (51%) were in the Southeast. Regarding the academic organization, 341 (62%) corresponded to universities and 483 (87.9%) of the IES were private. Of the courses, 521 (94.7%) are active, the predominant school system was the semiannual (91.5%) and 438 were part-time. The average vacancies authorized by the IES were 129 ± 102, with at least 44,900 vacancies available in the country. Of the courses, 75% had 4,000 hours of duration with the minimum of seven semesters and a maximum of fourteen. Conclusion: The data show a higher offer of PT courses in the private sector compared to the public. There was a progressive concentration of courses and vacancies in the Southeast, especially in São Paulo.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719768.v1
title: Overview of physical therapy graduation courses in Brazil: current scenario

description: Abstract Introduction: After the regulation of Physical Therapy (PT) in 1969, there were only six undergraduate courses in Brazil. In the 90s, higher education underwent major expansion in all professions and the same occurred to PT, with consequent increase in the number of professionals in the labor market and privatization of education. Objective: To describe the current situation of PT courses in Brazil offered by Higher Education Institutions (IES). Methods: The data for the region, academic organization, situation, period, school system, administrative category, vacancies, course hours and duration were obtained from the website of the Ministry of Education (MEC) and refer to the year of 2013. The descriptive analyzes of central tendency, dispersion and percentage were performed in Stata 9®. Results: From the total of 550 IES registered in the MEC, 281 (51%) were in the Southeast. Regarding the academic organization, 341 (62%) corresponded to universities and 483 (87.9%) of the IES were private. Of the courses, 521 (94.7%) are active, the predominant school system was the semiannual (91.5%) and 438 were part-time. The average vacancies authorized by the IES were 129 ± 102, with at least 44,900 vacancies available in the country. Of the courses, 75% had 4,000 hours of duration with the minimum of seven semesters and a maximum of fourteen. Conclusion: The data show a higher offer of PT courses in the private sector compared to the public. There was a progressive concentration of courses and vacancies in the Southeast, especially in São Paulo.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719762
title: The Posing of Mathematical Problems Involving Multiplicative Structures by Elementary School Teachers

description: Abstract This study investigates how elementary school teachers conceive and formulate problems within the conceptual field of multiplicative structures. Thirty-nine public school teachers (1st to 9th grade) were asked to formulate mathematical problems which resolution would involve multiplication and division. The results have shown that teachers understand what a multiplicative situation is and can formulate verbal problems appropriately. There were only a few cases where relevant information was omitted, or which contained language-related inaccuracies. It was also found that most of the problems were of the same type, and that their resolution required only one step. This lack of variety was observed among all teachers, regardless of the grade they taught. Thus, it has been concluded that teachers have difficulties in posing problems that make use of the various situations characteristic of the multiplicative structures field. It is, therefore, crucial to develop the elementary school teachers’ ability to pose problems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719762.v1
title: The Posing of Mathematical Problems Involving Multiplicative Structures by Elementary School Teachers

description: Abstract This study investigates how elementary school teachers conceive and formulate problems within the conceptual field of multiplicative structures. Thirty-nine public school teachers (1st to 9th grade) were asked to formulate mathematical problems which resolution would involve multiplication and division. The results have shown that teachers understand what a multiplicative situation is and can formulate verbal problems appropriately. There were only a few cases where relevant information was omitted, or which contained language-related inaccuracies. It was also found that most of the problems were of the same type, and that their resolution required only one step. This lack of variety was observed among all teachers, regardless of the grade they taught. Thus, it has been concluded that teachers have difficulties in posing problems that make use of the various situations characteristic of the multiplicative structures field. It is, therefore, crucial to develop the elementary school teachers’ ability to pose problems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719756
title: Retention System and Splinting on Morse Taper Implants in the Posterior Maxilla by 3D Finite Element Analysis

description: Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate different retention systems (cement- or screw-retained) and crown designs (non-splinted or splinted) of fixed implant-supported restorations, in terms of stress distributions in implants/components and bone tissue, by 3-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis. Four 3D models were simulated with the InVesalius, Rhinoceros 3D, and SolidWorks programs. Models were made of type III bone from the posterior maxillary area. Models included three 4.0-mm-diameter Morse taper (MT) implants with different lengths, which supported metal-ceramic crowns. Models were processed by the Femap and NeiNastran programs, using an axial force of 400 N and oblique force of 200 N. Results were visualized as the von Mises stress and maximum principal stress (σmax). Under axial loading, there was no difference in the distribution of stress in implants/components between retention systems and splinted crowns; however, in oblique loading, cemented prostheses showed better stress distribution than screwed prostheses, whereas splinted crowns tended to reduce stress in the implant of the first molar. In the bone tissue cemented prostheses showed better stress distribution in bone tissue than screwed prostheses under axial and oblique loading. The splinted design only had an effect in the screwed prosthesis, with no influence in the cemented prosthesis. Cemented prostheses on MT implants showed more favorable stress distributions in implants/components and bone tissue. Splinting was favorable for stress distribution only for screwed prostheses under oblique loading.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719756.v1
title: Retention System and Splinting on Morse Taper Implants in the Posterior Maxilla by 3D Finite Element Analysis

description: Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate different retention systems (cement- or screw-retained) and crown designs (non-splinted or splinted) of fixed implant-supported restorations, in terms of stress distributions in implants/components and bone tissue, by 3-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis. Four 3D models were simulated with the InVesalius, Rhinoceros 3D, and SolidWorks programs. Models were made of type III bone from the posterior maxillary area. Models included three 4.0-mm-diameter Morse taper (MT) implants with different lengths, which supported metal-ceramic crowns. Models were processed by the Femap and NeiNastran programs, using an axial force of 400 N and oblique force of 200 N. Results were visualized as the von Mises stress and maximum principal stress (σmax). Under axial loading, there was no difference in the distribution of stress in implants/components between retention systems and splinted crowns; however, in oblique loading, cemented prostheses showed better stress distribution than screwed prostheses, whereas splinted crowns tended to reduce stress in the implant of the first molar. In the bone tissue cemented prostheses showed better stress distribution in bone tissue than screwed prostheses under axial and oblique loading. The splinted design only had an effect in the screwed prosthesis, with no influence in the cemented prosthesis. Cemented prostheses on MT implants showed more favorable stress distributions in implants/components and bone tissue. Splinting was favorable for stress distribution only for screwed prostheses under oblique loading.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719753
title: CORRECTION OF SEVERE STIFF SCOLIOSIS THROUGH EXTRAPLEURAL INTERBODY RELEASE AND OSTEOTOMY (LIEPO)

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To report a new technique for extrapleural interbody release with transcorporal osteotomy of the inferior vertebral plateau (LIEPO) and to evaluate the correction potential of this technique and its complications. Method: We included patients with scoliosis with Cobb angle greater than 90° and flexibility less than 25% submitted to surgical treatment between 2012 and 2016 by the technique LIEPO at the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (INTO). Sagittal and coronal alignment, and the translation of the apical vertebra were measured and the degree of correction of the deformity was calculated through the pre and postoperative radiographs, and the complications were described. Results: Patients had an average bleed of 1,525 ml, 8.8 hours of surgical time, 123° of scoliosis in the preoperative period, and a mean correction of 66%. There was no case of permanent neurological damage and no surgical revision. Conclusion: The LIEPO technique proved to be effective and safe in the treatment of severe stiff scoliosis, reaching a correction potential close to the PEISR (Posterior extrapleural intervertebral space release) technique and superior to that of the pVCR (posterior Vertebral Column Resection) with no presence of infection and permanent neurological deficit. New studies are needed to validate this promising technique.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719753.v1
title: CORRECTION OF SEVERE STIFF SCOLIOSIS THROUGH EXTRAPLEURAL INTERBODY RELEASE AND OSTEOTOMY (LIEPO)

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To report a new technique for extrapleural interbody release with transcorporal osteotomy of the inferior vertebral plateau (LIEPO) and to evaluate the correction potential of this technique and its complications. Method: We included patients with scoliosis with Cobb angle greater than 90° and flexibility less than 25% submitted to surgical treatment between 2012 and 2016 by the technique LIEPO at the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics (INTO). Sagittal and coronal alignment, and the translation of the apical vertebra were measured and the degree of correction of the deformity was calculated through the pre and postoperative radiographs, and the complications were described. Results: Patients had an average bleed of 1,525 ml, 8.8 hours of surgical time, 123° of scoliosis in the preoperative period, and a mean correction of 66%. There was no case of permanent neurological damage and no surgical revision. Conclusion: The LIEPO technique proved to be effective and safe in the treatment of severe stiff scoliosis, reaching a correction potential close to the PEISR (Posterior extrapleural intervertebral space release) technique and superior to that of the pVCR (posterior Vertebral Column Resection) with no presence of infection and permanent neurological deficit. New studies are needed to validate this promising technique.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719750
title: Applications of Mathematics to Everyday Life in Spanish Arithmetic Books Published in the 16th Century

description: Abstract This paper shows a study about some mathematics books written in Spanish and published during the 16th century. All the examples included in these books and their relations with daily situations from that time have been identified and categorized. In order to do that, we made an historical-mathematical analysis supported by the content analysis technique of textbooks, widely used by authors in researches related to the history of mathematics and mathematics education. In general, all the books included in this study present many similarities. The analysis has highlighted the large number of examples included in each book even though most of them are related to trade and to common situations of accountants and businessmen of that century.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719750.v1
title: Applications of Mathematics to Everyday Life in Spanish Arithmetic Books Published in the 16th Century

description: Abstract This paper shows a study about some mathematics books written in Spanish and published during the 16th century. All the examples included in these books and their relations with daily situations from that time have been identified and categorized. In order to do that, we made an historical-mathematical analysis supported by the content analysis technique of textbooks, widely used by authors in researches related to the history of mathematics and mathematics education. In general, all the books included in this study present many similarities. The analysis has highlighted the large number of examples included in each book even though most of them are related to trade and to common situations of accountants and businessmen of that century.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719747
title: THE FEDERAL SENSE: the relation between party systems and public policies in Brazil and Argentina

description: This study highlights the role of the party systems in Brazil and Argentina as a central element for understanding the capacity of coordination of intergovernmental relations (IGRs) and, consequently, for the implementation of national public policies. The main argument is that the levels of conflict of IGRs, throughout history, are modeled by the party system, and it has direct implications in the public policies. The hypothesis is that a greater nationalization of the party system results in more cooperative IGRs, and, consequently, in a greater capacity of territorial penetration of the central state, with intertemporal public policies. It is concluded that the IGRs dynamics in such countries achieve opposite results: while in Argentina it seems to encourage a greater party territorialization, in Brazil it aims at build a more cooperative interaction framework.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719747.v1
title: THE FEDERAL SENSE: the relation between party systems and public policies in Brazil and Argentina

description: This study highlights the role of the party systems in Brazil and Argentina as a central element for understanding the capacity of coordination of intergovernmental relations (IGRs) and, consequently, for the implementation of national public policies. The main argument is that the levels of conflict of IGRs, throughout history, are modeled by the party system, and it has direct implications in the public policies. The hypothesis is that a greater nationalization of the party system results in more cooperative IGRs, and, consequently, in a greater capacity of territorial penetration of the central state, with intertemporal public policies. It is concluded that the IGRs dynamics in such countries achieve opposite results: while in Argentina it seems to encourage a greater party territorialization, in Brazil it aims at build a more cooperative interaction framework.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719744
title: Free Field Word recognition test in the presence of noise in normal hearing adults

description: Abstract Introduction: In ideal listening situations, subjects with normal hearing can easily understand speech, as can many subjects who have a hearing loss. Objective: To present the validation of the Word Recognition Test in a Free Field in the Presence of Noise in normal-hearing adults. Methods: Sample consisted of 100 healthy adults over 18 years of age with normal hearing. After pure tone audiometry, a speech recognition test was applied in free field condition with monosyllables and disyllables, with standardized material in three listening situations: optimal listening condition (no noise), with a signal to noise ratio of 0 dB and a signal to noise ratio of −10 dB. For these tests, an environment in calibrated free field was arranged where speech was presented to the subject being tested from two speakers located at 45°, and noise from a third speaker, located at 180°. Results: All participants had speech audiometry results in the free field between 88% and 100% in the three listening situations. Conclusion: Word Recognition Test in Free Field in the Presence of Noise proved to be easy to be organized and applied. The results of the test validation suggest that individuals with normal hearing should get between 88% and 100% of the stimuli correct. The test can be an important tool in measuring noise interference on the speech perception abilities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719744.v1
title: Free Field Word recognition test in the presence of noise in normal hearing adults

description: Abstract Introduction: In ideal listening situations, subjects with normal hearing can easily understand speech, as can many subjects who have a hearing loss. Objective: To present the validation of the Word Recognition Test in a Free Field in the Presence of Noise in normal-hearing adults. Methods: Sample consisted of 100 healthy adults over 18 years of age with normal hearing. After pure tone audiometry, a speech recognition test was applied in free field condition with monosyllables and disyllables, with standardized material in three listening situations: optimal listening condition (no noise), with a signal to noise ratio of 0 dB and a signal to noise ratio of −10 dB. For these tests, an environment in calibrated free field was arranged where speech was presented to the subject being tested from two speakers located at 45°, and noise from a third speaker, located at 180°. Results: All participants had speech audiometry results in the free field between 88% and 100% in the three listening situations. Conclusion: Word Recognition Test in Free Field in the Presence of Noise proved to be easy to be organized and applied. The results of the test validation suggest that individuals with normal hearing should get between 88% and 100% of the stimuli correct. The test can be an important tool in measuring noise interference on the speech perception abilities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719741
title: Functional capacity and mental state of patients undergoing cardiac surgery

description: Abstract Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are a serious public health problem in Brazil. Myocardial revascularization surgery (MRS) as well as cardiac valve replacement and repair are procedures indicated to treat them. Thus, extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is still widely used in these surgeries, in which patients with long ECC times may have greater neurological deficits. Neurological damage resulting from MRS can have devastating consequences such as loss of independence and worsening of quality of life. Objective: To assess the effect of cardiac surgery on a patient’s mental state and functional capacity in both the pre- and postoperative periods. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with convenience sampling of subjects undergoing MRS and valve replacement. Participants were administered the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and the Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) in the pre- and postoperative periods, as well as before their hospital discharge. Results: This study assessed nine patients (eight males) aged 62.4 ± 6.3 years with a BMI of 29.5 ± 2.3 kg/m2. There was a significant decrease in DASI scores and VO2 from preoperative to postoperative status (p = 0.003 and p = 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: This study revealed a loss of cognitive and exercise capacity after cardiac surgery. A larger sample however is needed to consolidate these findings.