cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992465.v1
title: YOUNG PEOPLE, READING MEDIATIZATION AND NARRATIVES OF EXISTENTIAL MEANING: IMPLICATIONS TO SCHOOL EDUCATION

description: ABSTRACT: From data collected through field research, the authors analyze the current mediatization process of culture, and ask why young people are interested in mythical narratives, publicized in books, films and TV series, with its several extensions online. The analysis shows the new reading pattern of young people, the mediatization effects on reading practices today, and the existential link between epic/mythological stories and the condition of contemporary youth. The final observations point to school education: the school offering mediators between texts and young students, the relationship between new communication technologies and pedagogy, and the importance of the art of teaching when interacting with young students in a mediatized context.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992468.v1
title: Water quality in rivers of Bahia State cities, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Monitoring and evaluation of surface water quality are of paramount importance for the sustainable management of water resources. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality of rivers located in different cities. Ten cities in the State of Bahia were selected, seven with sewage public system and three without it. We used the quarterly registry of the thermotolerant coliforms concentration of INEMA, BOD, total P, DO and water quality index of 14 points monitored in the period from 2008 to 2015. Data underwent statistical analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test. We verified that the cities of Feira de Santana, Itabuna, Jequié and Itororó, which have the sewage system and the highest percentages of population served with sewage in the urban area were those that presented the highest percentage of points in dissonance with CONAMA Resolution n. 357/2005 for the four evaluated parameters and the lowest water quality index values. This result may possibly be related to the fact that these cities present the largest number of inhabitants and, therefore, generate larger volumes of potentially sewage in rivers, when compared to cities without public sanitary sewage. The sewage system universalization and effectiveness are measures that may contribute to the improvement of river water quality, considering the discharge of sewage is the main cause for water quality degradation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992459
title: A comparison of two reciprocating instruments using bending stress and cyclic fatigue tests

description: The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the bending resistance at 45º, the static and dynamic cyclic fatigue life, and the fracture type of the WaveOne (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) 25-08 and Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany) 25-08 instruments. A total of 60 nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments (30 Reciproc and 30 WaveOne) from three different lots, each of which was 25 mm in length, were tested. The bending resistance was evaluated through the results of a cantilever-bending test conducted using a universal testing machine. Static and dynamic cyclic fatigue testing was conducted using a custom-made device. For the static and dynamic tests, a cast Ni-Cr-Mo-Ti alloy metal block with an artificial canal measuring 1.77 mm in diameter and 20.00 mm in total length was used. A scanning electron microscope was used to determine the type of fracture. Statistical analyses were performed on the results. The WaveOne instrument was less flexible than the Reciproc (p &lt; 0.05). The Reciproc instrument showed better resistance in the static and dynamic cyclic fatigue tests (p &lt; 0.05). The transverse cross-section and geometry of the instruments were important factors in their resistance to bending and cyclic fracture. Both of the instruments showed ductile-type fracture characteristics. It can be concluded that the Reciproc 25-08 instrument was more resistant to static and dynamic cyclic fatigue than the WaveOne 25-08 instrument, while the WaveOne 25-08 instrument was less flexible. Bending and resistance to cyclic fracture were influenced by the instruments’ geometries and transverse cross-sections. Both of the instruments showed ductile-type fracture characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992462
title: Chromatic analysis for predicting anthocyanin content in fruits and vegetables

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to develop simple mathematical models for the prediction of the total anthocyanin content of fruits and vegetables, using colorimetry. Phenolic extracts of 13 species of fruits and vegetables were produced using 70% acidified ethanol and 70% ethanol. The quantification of the total anthocyanins of the extracts was performed by the spectrophotometric method, and the color characterization was done through the tristimulus colorimeter. The correlation between the L* value and the anthocyanin content was high (r = - 0.95) for extracts produced with 70% ethanol and diluted 20 times. Linear equations based on colorimetric coordinates, with R2 from 0.80 to 0.99, were obtained using 70% ethanol and 70% acidified ethanol as extraction solvent, with or without dilutions. Therefore, colorimetry, as a rapid method that does not involve the use of specific solvents, can be used to predict the total anthocyanin content of fruits and vegetables.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992462.v1
title: Chromatic analysis for predicting anthocyanin content in fruits and vegetables

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to develop simple mathematical models for the prediction of the total anthocyanin content of fruits and vegetables, using colorimetry. Phenolic extracts of 13 species of fruits and vegetables were produced using 70% acidified ethanol and 70% ethanol. The quantification of the total anthocyanins of the extracts was performed by the spectrophotometric method, and the color characterization was done through the tristimulus colorimeter. The correlation between the L* value and the anthocyanin content was high (r = - 0.95) for extracts produced with 70% ethanol and diluted 20 times. Linear equations based on colorimetric coordinates, with R2 from 0.80 to 0.99, were obtained using 70% ethanol and 70% acidified ethanol as extraction solvent, with or without dilutions. Therefore, colorimetry, as a rapid method that does not involve the use of specific solvents, can be used to predict the total anthocyanin content of fruits and vegetables.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992456
title: Use of genetically modified crops and pesticides in Brazil: growing hazards

description: Abstract Genetically modified (GM) crops were officially authorized in Brazil in 2003. In this documentary study, we aimed to identify possible changes in the patterns of pesticide use after the adoption of this technology over a span of 13 years (2000 to 2012). The following variables were analyzed: Pesticide use (kg), Pesticide use per capita (kg/inhab), Pesticide and herbicide use per area (kg/ha) and productivity (kg/ha). Contrary to the initial expectations of decreasing pesticide use following the adoption of GM crops, overall pesticide use in Brazil increased 1.6-fold between the years 2000 and 2012. During the same period, pesticide use for soybean increased 3-fold. This study shows that the adoption of GM crops in Brazil has led to an increase in pesticide use with possible increases in environmental and human exposure and associated negative impacts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992459.v1
title: A comparison of two reciprocating instruments using bending stress and cyclic fatigue tests

description: The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the bending resistance at 45º, the static and dynamic cyclic fatigue life, and the fracture type of the WaveOne (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) 25-08 and Reciproc (VDW, Munich, Germany) 25-08 instruments. A total of 60 nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments (30 Reciproc and 30 WaveOne) from three different lots, each of which was 25 mm in length, were tested. The bending resistance was evaluated through the results of a cantilever-bending test conducted using a universal testing machine. Static and dynamic cyclic fatigue testing was conducted using a custom-made device. For the static and dynamic tests, a cast Ni-Cr-Mo-Ti alloy metal block with an artificial canal measuring 1.77 mm in diameter and 20.00 mm in total length was used. A scanning electron microscope was used to determine the type of fracture. Statistical analyses were performed on the results. The WaveOne instrument was less flexible than the Reciproc (p &lt; 0.05). The Reciproc instrument showed better resistance in the static and dynamic cyclic fatigue tests (p &lt; 0.05). The transverse cross-section and geometry of the instruments were important factors in their resistance to bending and cyclic fracture. Both of the instruments showed ductile-type fracture characteristics. It can be concluded that the Reciproc 25-08 instrument was more resistant to static and dynamic cyclic fatigue than the WaveOne 25-08 instrument, while the WaveOne 25-08 instrument was less flexible. Bending and resistance to cyclic fracture were influenced by the instruments’ geometries and transverse cross-sections. Both of the instruments showed ductile-type fracture characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992456.v1
title: Use of genetically modified crops and pesticides in Brazil: growing hazards

description: Abstract Genetically modified (GM) crops were officially authorized in Brazil in 2003. In this documentary study, we aimed to identify possible changes in the patterns of pesticide use after the adoption of this technology over a span of 13 years (2000 to 2012). The following variables were analyzed: Pesticide use (kg), Pesticide use per capita (kg/inhab), Pesticide and herbicide use per area (kg/ha) and productivity (kg/ha). Contrary to the initial expectations of decreasing pesticide use following the adoption of GM crops, overall pesticide use in Brazil increased 1.6-fold between the years 2000 and 2012. During the same period, pesticide use for soybean increased 3-fold. This study shows that the adoption of GM crops in Brazil has led to an increase in pesticide use with possible increases in environmental and human exposure and associated negative impacts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992444
title: TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL IN GERMANY

description: ABSTRACT: This article discusses the reorganization of teacher training programs for the elementary school after the Boulogne guidelines and the implementation of educational norms enacted by the KMK in 2004 in the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW). It analyses documents and curricular proposals of two universities (UDE and WWU) as well as data produced in 2017 by narrative interviews with professors of the Institute of Educational Sciences and with coordinators of the Teacher Training Centers of both universities. Based on the data analysis, we found that the pedagogical projects of the courses are organized according to the Teacher Training Act of the NRW, with the national agreements of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs and with the guidelines of the Boulogne process. The focus of the training programs is to prepare future teachers with the necessary competencies for the work in primary schools. Such guided proposals, despite the received critics, were incorporated in the bachelor and master courses. The curriculum clearly focuses on the professionalization and development of teaching abilities for primary education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992447
title: Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil

description: ABSTRACT Intercropping tree legumes with forage grasses in a silvopastoral system can avoid pasture degradation benefiting the soil. In such a system, nitrogen (N) is supplied by symbiosis between legumes and bacteria. However, the pasture quality determines the action of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which possess nifH genes, which encode nitrogenase enzyme. Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), involved in the nitrification step, can be evaluated by specific regions of the 16S rRNA corresponding to AOB. Thus, we investigated the influence of the introduction of tree legumes into a silvopastoral system on the community structure and abundance of total bacteria, diazotrophic bacteria and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and real-time qPCR (quantitative PCR). The experiment involved nine plots of one hectare each, planted with sabia (Mimosa caesalpinifolia), a Gliricidia species (Gliricidia sepium), and a Brachiaria species (Brachiaria decumbens) in a randomized block design, forming three treatments: I-Brachiaria intercropped with sabia; II-Brachiaria intercropped with Gliricidia and III-Brachiaria only, with three replicates. The structures of the total bacterial and ammonium-oxidizing bacterial communities were influenced by tree legume introduction, possibly through modification of the soil chemical attributes. The copy numbers of total bacteria, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and diazotrophic bacteria were higher in soils planted with legumes, which provided better conditions for microbial growth compared to planting with the Brachiaria species alone. Silvopastoral management with tree legumes improves the biological quality of soil, favouring the bacterial community linked to N-cycling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992444.v1
title: TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL IN GERMANY

description: ABSTRACT: This article discusses the reorganization of teacher training programs for the elementary school after the Boulogne guidelines and the implementation of educational norms enacted by the KMK in 2004 in the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW). It analyses documents and curricular proposals of two universities (UDE and WWU) as well as data produced in 2017 by narrative interviews with professors of the Institute of Educational Sciences and with coordinators of the Teacher Training Centers of both universities. Based on the data analysis, we found that the pedagogical projects of the courses are organized according to the Teacher Training Act of the NRW, with the national agreements of the Standing Conference of the Ministers of Education and Cultural Affairs and with the guidelines of the Boulogne process. The focus of the training programs is to prepare future teachers with the necessary competencies for the work in primary schools. Such guided proposals, despite the received critics, were incorporated in the bachelor and master courses. The curriculum clearly focuses on the professionalization and development of teaching abilities for primary education.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992447.v1
title: Silvopastoral systems drive the nitrogen-cycling bacterial community in soil

description: ABSTRACT Intercropping tree legumes with forage grasses in a silvopastoral system can avoid pasture degradation benefiting the soil. In such a system, nitrogen (N) is supplied by symbiosis between legumes and bacteria. However, the pasture quality determines the action of free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which possess nifH genes, which encode nitrogenase enzyme. Ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), involved in the nitrification step, can be evaluated by specific regions of the 16S rRNA corresponding to AOB. Thus, we investigated the influence of the introduction of tree legumes into a silvopastoral system on the community structure and abundance of total bacteria, diazotrophic bacteria and ammonium-oxidizing bacteria by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) and real-time qPCR (quantitative PCR). The experiment involved nine plots of one hectare each, planted with sabia (Mimosa caesalpinifolia), a Gliricidia species (Gliricidia sepium), and a Brachiaria species (Brachiaria decumbens) in a randomized block design, forming three treatments: I-Brachiaria intercropped with sabia; II-Brachiaria intercropped with Gliricidia and III-Brachiaria only, with three replicates. The structures of the total bacterial and ammonium-oxidizing bacterial communities were influenced by tree legume introduction, possibly through modification of the soil chemical attributes. The copy numbers of total bacteria, ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and diazotrophic bacteria were higher in soils planted with legumes, which provided better conditions for microbial growth compared to planting with the Brachiaria species alone. Silvopastoral management with tree legumes improves the biological quality of soil, favouring the bacterial community linked to N-cycling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992438
title: Exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic field changes the efficiency of the scorpion alpha toxin

description: AbstractBackground Extremely low-frequency (50 Hz) electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is produced by electric power transmission lines and electronic devices of everyday use. Some phenomena are proposed as “first effects” of ELF-EMF: the discrete changes in the membrane potential and the increase of the calcium channel activity as well as the intracellular concentration of Ca 2+ . Interaction of the scorpion alpha toxin with the sodium channel depends on the orientation of the charges and may be perturbed by changes in the membrane polarization. The toxin induces overexcitability in the nervous system and an increase in the neurotransmitters released with different consequences, mainly the paralysis of muscles. We assumed that the exposure to ELF-EMF 0.7 mT will change the effects of the insect selective scorpion alpha toxin (recombinant LqhαIT from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus) at the level of the cercal nerve function, the synaptic transmission and on the level of entire insect organism. Taking into account the compensatory mechanisms in organisms, we tested in addition ten times higher ELF-EMF on whole insects.Methods Experiments were performed in vivo on cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) and in vitro – on isolated cockroach abdominal nerve cord with cerci. In biotests, the effects of LqhαIT (10 −8 M) were estimated on the basis of the insect ability to turn back from dorsal to ventral side. Three groups were compared: the control one and the two exposed to ELF-EMF – 0.7 and 7 mT. Bioelectrical activity of the cercal nerve and of the connective nerve that leaves the terminal abdominal ganglion was recorded using extracellular electrodes. LqhαIT (5 × 10 −8 M) induced modifications of neuronal activity that were observed in the control cockroach preparations and in the ones exposed to ELF-EMF (0.7 mT). The exposure to ELF-EMF was carried out using coils with a size appropriate to the examined objects.Results The exposure to ELF-EMF (0.7 mT) modified the effects of LqhαIT (5 × 10−8 M) on activity of the cercal nerve and of the connective nerve. We observed a decrease of the toxin effect on the cercal nerve activity, but the toxic effect of LqhαIT on the connective nerve was increased. Biotests showed that toxicity of LqhαIT (10 −8 M) on cockroaches was reduced by the exposure to ELF-EMF (0.7 and 7 mT).Conclusions The exposure to 50 Hz ELF-EMF modified the mode of action of the anti-insect scorpion alpha toxin LqhαIT at cellular level of the cockroach nervous system and in biotests. Toxin appeared as a usefull tool in distinguishing between the primary and the secondary effects of ELF-EMF.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992441
title: Performance of arugula genotypes under irrigation depths on Brazilian Cerrado

description: ABSTRACT Due to the water balance in the Brazilian Cerrado, it is not necessary to cultivate arugula in a rainfed system. Together with the lack of research on with this crop, it is necessary to study the response of genotypes to irrigation in this biome. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the optimal irrigation depth and to identify the best arugula genotypes. Three arugula genotypes were field-tested during two cycles under the effect of four irrigation depths based on crop evapotranspiration. The parameters evaluated were root depth, SPAD index, number of plants and leaves per plant, plant diameter, fresh shoot mass and water use efficiency. The arugula presented the same demand for irrigation in the two cycles, and the genotypes and/or irrigation depths affected the evaluated parameters. The results support that the Folha Larga variety should be preferred by Brazilian Cerrado producers and irrigated with 90% replacement of crop evapotranspiration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992441.v1
title: Performance of arugula genotypes under irrigation depths on Brazilian Cerrado

description: ABSTRACT Due to the water balance in the Brazilian Cerrado, it is not necessary to cultivate arugula in a rainfed system. Together with the lack of research on with this crop, it is necessary to study the response of genotypes to irrigation in this biome. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the optimal irrigation depth and to identify the best arugula genotypes. Three arugula genotypes were field-tested during two cycles under the effect of four irrigation depths based on crop evapotranspiration. The parameters evaluated were root depth, SPAD index, number of plants and leaves per plant, plant diameter, fresh shoot mass and water use efficiency. The arugula presented the same demand for irrigation in the two cycles, and the genotypes and/or irrigation depths affected the evaluated parameters. The results support that the Folha Larga variety should be preferred by Brazilian Cerrado producers and irrigated with 90% replacement of crop evapotranspiration.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992435
title: A bradykinin-potentiating peptide (BPP-10c) from Bothrops jararaca induces changes in seminiferous tubules

description: Background The testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) is exclusively expressed in germ cells during spermatogenesis. Although the exact role of tACE in male fertility is unknown, it clearly plays a critical function in spermatogenesis. The dipeptidase domain of tACE is identical to the C-terminal catalytic domain of somatic ACE (sACE). Bradykinin potentiating peptides (BPPs) from snake venoms are the first natural sACE inhibitors described and their structure-activity relationship studies were the basis for the development of antihypertensive drugs such as captopril. In recent years, it has been showed that a number of BPPs - including BPP-10c - are able to distinguish between the N- and C-active sites of sACE, what is not applicable to captopril. Considering the similarity between tACE and sACE (and since BPPs are able to distinguish between the two active sites of sACE), the effects of the BPP-10c and captopril on the structure and function of the seminiferous epithelium were characterized in the present study. BPP-10c and captopril were administered in male Swiss mice by intraperitoneal injection (4.7 μmol/kg for 15 days) and histological sections of testes were analyzed. Classification of seminiferous tubules and stage analysis were carried out for quantitative evaluation of germ cells of the seminiferous epithelium. The blood-testis barrier (BTB) permeability and distribution of claudin-1 in the seminiferous epithelium were analyzed by hypertonic fixative method and immunohistochemical analyses of testes, respectively. Results The morphology of seminiferous tubules from animals treated with BPP-10c showed an intense disruption of the epithelium, presence of atypical multinucleated cells in the lumen and degenerated germ cells in the adluminal compartment. BPP-10c led to an increase in the number of round spermatids and total support capacity of Sertoli cell in stages I, V, VII/VIII of the seminiferous epithelium cycle, without affecting BTB permeability and the distribution of claudin-1 in the seminiferous epithelium. Interestingly, no morphological or morphometric alterations were observed in animals treated with captopril. Conclusions The major finding of the present study was that BPP-10c, and not captopril, modifies spermatogenesis by causing hyperplasia of round spermatids in stages I, V, and VII/VIII of the spermatogenic cycle.