DOI: 10.5279/dk-sa-dda-1653
title: Skolebørnsundersøgelsen (HBSC), 1984-85
title: Health Behaviour of School Children, 1984-1985.

description: Det er en væsentlig sundhedspolitisk målsætning i mange lande - og et væsentligt element i WHO''s ''Sundhed for alle i år 2000'' program - at påvirke befolkningens adfærd i sundhedsfremmende retning.
        
        Sundhedsadfærd grundlægges i barndoms- og ungdomsårene, og da den kan være vanskelig at ændre senere i livet, er det af stor betydning at skabe god sundhedsadfærd blandt børn og unge. Bedre viden om, hvorledes sundhedsadfærd udvikles i de unge år, kan få afgørende betydning for det fremtidige arbejde med sundhedsoplysning og andre sundhedsfremmende foranstaltninger. WHO tog derfor i 1982 initiativ til (og har siden koordineret) et internationalt forskningsprogram om 11-15 årige skolebørns sundhedsadfærd, ''Health Behaviour in School Children''.
        
        Formålet med dette forskningsprogram er 1) at skabe øget indsigt i 11-15 åriges sundhedsadfærd, 2) at få viden om, hvordan sundhedsadfærd forandrer sig over tid, og 3) at få viden om de faktorer (fx børnenes erfaringer, livsstil og materielle og kulturelle livsvilkår), der former den.
        
        Sundhedsadfærd defineres almindeligvis som den adfærd, individet udviser for at fremme sundhed og forebygge sygdom. Definitionen omfatter tillige afholdenhed fra helbredsskadelige adfærdsformer. I konsekvens heraf er det hensigten at undersøge forekomsten af både sundhedsfremmende (fx motion, sund kost) og sundhedsskadelig adfærd (fx rygning og usund kost) og at lokalisere grupper med disse adfærdsformer.
        
        Ved at gennemføre undersøgelsen i mange lande øger man bl.a. forståelsen for nationale og kulturelle faktorers betydning. Forskningen baseres på landsdækkende, repræsentative tværsnitsundersøgelser af 11-15 årige skoleelevers sundhedsadfærd med ca. tre års mellemrum. Dataindsamlingen foregår i skolen under nøje specificerede, standardiserede betingelser. Den er indtil videre gennemført to gange, første gang i ti lande i 1983-85 (hvor den danske del udgør nærværende materiale) og anden gang i tolv lande i 1986-88 (hvor den danske del i DDA er registreret som DDA-1654: Motionsvaner og sundhedsvaner blandt skoleelever, 1988).
        
        Til nærværende danske undersøgelse (som er blevet til gennem et samarbejde mellem Karsten Kaas Ibsen, Kræftens Bekæmpelse, Komiteen for Sundhedsoplysning og Københavns Universitets Institut for Social Medicin) har alle tilstedeværende elever (682 i alt) i de udvalgte skoleklasser udfyldt og returneret et spørgeskema omfattende 40 spørgsmål om elevernes sociale forhold, helbred, sundhedsadfærd, fritidsvaner, økonomi, kontakt med forældre og kammerater, holdning til skolegang, fremtidsperspektiv samt selvopfattelse
description: It is an essential health political objective in many countries - and a central element in the WHO programme 'Health for all by the year 2000' - to 'pilot' people's behaviour in a more health-promoting direction.     #  Health behaviour is formed in childhood and adolescence, and as it may be very difficult to change this behaviour later in life, it is very important that children and young people learn good health behavioural patterns. Improved knowledge of how health behaviour is developed in the early years is of vital importance for future health information programmes and other health-promoting measures. In 1982 the WHO therefore initiated (and has since then co-ordinated) an international research project on health behaviour of 11 to 15-year-old school children, 'Health Behaviour in School Children'.     #  The purposes of this research project are 1) to gain increased knowledge of the health behaviour of the 11 to 15-year-olds, 2) to gain knowledge of how health behaviour changes over time, and 3) to gain knowledge of the factors on which health behaviour is based (e.g. the children's experiences, life styles, and material and cultural living conditions).     #  Health behaviour is usually defined as the individual's behaviour regarding the promotion of health and the prevention of diseases. Furthermore, the definition includes abstention from health-damaging behavioural patterns. In consequence, the purpose is to examine health-promoting (e.g. physical exercise, healthy dietary habits) as well as health-damaging behaviour (e.g. smoking and unhealthy dietary habits) and to locate groups with these behavioural patterns.     #  The fact that the survey is carried out in many countries increases, among other things, the understanding of the significance of national and cultural factors. The research is based on nationwide, representative, cross-sectional surveys of health behaviour of 11 to 15-year-old school children at intervals of about three years. The data collection takes place in school according to carefully specified, standardized criteria. So far the survey has been carried out twice, the first time in ten countries in 1983-1985 (where the Danish part is this survey) and the second time in twelve countries in 1986-1988 (where the Danish part is filed at the DDA as DDA-1654: Physical Exercise and Health Behaviour of School Children, 1988).     #  For this Danish survey (which was carried out in collaboration with Karsten Kaas Ibsen, the Danish Cancer Society (Kræftens Bekæmpelse), the Committee for Health Information (Komiteen for Sundhedsoplysning) and the Institute of Social Medicine at the University of Copenhagen) all the pupils who were present in the selected classes (a total of 682) completed a questionnaire containing 40 questions about the children's social situation, health, health behaviour, spare time activities, financial conditions, contact with parents and friends, attitude to school attendance, future perspectives, and self-assessment
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