cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k6djh9w49
title: Data from: Cost, risk, and avoidance of inbreeding in a cooperatively breeding bird

description: Inbreeding is often avoided in natural populations by passive processes
 such as sex-biased dispersal. But, in many social animals, opposite-sexed
 adult relatives are spatially clustered, generating a risk of incest and
 hence selection for active inbreeding avoidance. Here we show that, in
 long-tailed tits (Aegithalos caudatus), a cooperative breeder that risks
 inbreeding by living alongside opposite-sex relatives, inbreeding carries
 fitness costs and is avoided by active kin discrimination during mate
 choice. First, we identified a positive association between heterozygosity
 and fitness, indicating that inbreeding is costly. We then compared
 relatedness within breeding pairs to that expected under multiple
 mate-choice models, finding that pair relatedness is consistent with
 avoidance of first-order kin as partners. Finally, we show that the
 similarity of vocal cues offers a plausible mechanism for discrimination
 against first-order kin during mate choice. Long-tailed tits are known to
 discriminate between the calls of close kin and nonkin, and they favor
 first-order kin in cooperative contexts, so we conclude that long-tailed
 tits use the same kin discrimination rule to avoid inbreeding as they do
 to direct help toward kin.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dbrv15dz8
title: Data from: When does gene flow facilitate evolutionary rescue?

description: Experimental and theoretical studies have highlighted the impact of gene
 flow on the probability of evolutionary rescue in structured habitats.
 Mathematical modelling and simulations of evolutionary rescue in spatially
 or otherwise structured populations showed that intermediate migration
 rates can often maximize the probability of rescue in gradually or
 abruptly deteriorating habitats. These theoretical results corroborate the
 positive effect of gene flow on evolutionary rescue that has been
 identified in experimental yeast populations. The observations that gene
 flow can facilitate adaptation are in seeming conflict with traditional
 population genetics results that show that gene flow usually hampers
 (local) adaptation. Identifying conditions for when gene flow facilitates
 survival chances of populations rather than reducing them remains a key
 unresolved theoretical question. We here present a simple analytically
 tractable model for evolutionary rescue in a two-deme model with gene
 flow. Our main result is a simple condition for when migration facilitates
 evolutionary rescue, as opposed as no migration. We further investigate
 the roles of asymmetries in gene flow and / or carrying capacities, and
 the effects of density regulation and local growth rates on evolutionary
 rescue.
description: We performed stochastic simulations replicating biological
 processes to validate and extend our analytical findings
 ('main_simulation.py'). We performed 2000 replicates for each
 parameter combination (generated with 'parameters.py'), and the
 probability of rescue is calculated as the proportion of replicates in
 which rescue occurred. R scripts generate figures in the
 manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ngf1vhhr9
title: Data from: Vascular epiphytes show low physiological resistance and high recovery capacity to episodic, short-term drought in Monteverde, Costa Rica

description: Tropical montane cloud forests support abundant epiphytic vascular plant
 communities that serve important ecosystem functions, but their reliance
 on atmospheric inputs of water may make them susceptible to the drying
 effects of rising cloud bases and more frequent droughts. We conducted a
 common garden experiment to explore the combined effects of decreasing
 cloud influence—lower humidity, warmer temperature, brighter light—and
 meteorological drought (i.e., absence of rain) on the physiology and
 morphology of vascular epiphytes native to primary forests of Monteverde,
 Costa Rica. The epiphytes, which exhibited C3 photosynthesis, were sourced
 from a lower montane cloud forest (CF) or a rainforest below the current
 cloud base (RF) and transplanted into nearby shadehouses (CF or RF
 shadehouse, respectively). Vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and light
 availability, measured as photosynthetically active radiation, were 2.5
 and 3.1 times higher in the RF than the CF shadehouse. Half of the plants
 were subjected to a severe four-week drought followed by a recovery
 period, and the other half were watered controls. Plants subjected to low
 VPD/light conditions of the CF shadehouse were physiologically and
 morphologically resistant to the drought treatment. However, compared to
 control plants, both sources of plants subjected to high VPD/light
 conditions of the RF shadehouse experienced declines in maximum net
 photosynthesis (Amax), stomatal conductance (gs), and the proportion of
 healthy leaves (those not exhibiting chlorosis, desiccation, or necrosis).
 At peak drought, leaves from the RF were 19% thinner than controls. Within
 7-14 days after rewatering, Amax, gs, and leaf health recovered to nearly
 the levels of controls. Growth rate, mortality, and phenology were
 unaffected by the treatments. The divergent responses to drought in the CF
 versus RF shadehouses, combined with the recovery in the RF shadehouse,
 indicate that these epiphytes possess adaptive properties that confer low
 resistance, but high recovery capacity, to episodes of short-term drought
 over a range of cloud influence. In addition, the reduction in Amax
 suggests stomatal regulation that favors water conservation over carbon
 acquisition, a strategy that may inform epiphyte responses to rising
 clouds and increasing drought frequency expected in the long term.
description: See associated manuscript for details of data
 collection.
description: Data are in raw form.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxprc
title: Public health and economic benefits of spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in a peri-urban system

description: Species that depend on anthropogenic waste for food can remove pathogens
 that pose health risks to humans and livestock, thereby saving lives and
 money. Quantifying these benefits is rare, yet can lead to innovative
 conservation solutions. To assess these benefits, we examined the feeding
 ecology and population size of peri-urban spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta)
 in Mekelle, Ethiopia. We integrated these field data into a disease
 transmission model to predict: a) the number of anthrax and bovine
 tuberculosis (bTB) infections arising in humans and livestock from
 infected carcass waste, and b) the costs associated with treating these
 infections and losing livestock. We compared these public health and
 economic outcomes under two scenarios: a) hyenas are present, and b) the
 counterfactual, hyenas are absent. We estimated that hyenas annually
 remove 4.2% (207 tonnes) of the total carcass waste disposed of by
 residents and businesses in Mekelle. Furthermore, the scavenging behaviour
 of hyenas annually prevents five infections of anthrax and bTB in humans,
 and 140 infections in cattle, sheep and goats. This disease control
 service potentially saves USD 52,165 due to the treatment costs and
 livestock loss avoided. Synthesis and applications. This human-hyena
 interaction in Ethiopia is evidence that large carnivores can contribute
 to human health and economy. To retain these benefits and maintain
 tolerance of hyenas, we recommend: introducing education programs to
 promote safe outdoor behaviour around hyenas, training watchdogs to alert
 residents of hyena presence, constructing bomas to protect livestock from
 hyena attacks, and preserving the hyenas’ access to carcass waste to
 reduce their dependency on livestock predation. With humans and carnivores
 coming more frequently into contact, understanding and communicating how
 these species can benefit humanity will be critical to motivating
 human-carnivore coexistence worldwide.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.kmr7rt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 626 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Romania",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Lucanus cervus"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 626 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002402-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79cnp5hsc
title: Infection state can affect host migratory decisions

description: Organisms across a wide range of taxa use migration as a strategy to
 avoid, reduce or recover from parasitic infection. Previous work has
 identified three different processes by which migration can help reduce
 infection risk and/or costs: migratory escape from infection, migratory
 culling of infected individuals, and migratory recovery from infection.
 However, most theoretical modelling of host migration in response to
 infection assumes that individuals have a single strategy during both
 infected and susceptible states, meaning an individual’s state
 (susceptible or infected) is irrelevant to its decision to migrate. Here,
 we construct a model with two independent strategies of migration for an
 individual based on whether they are infected or susceptible, to study
 when the decision to migrate is favourable. We show that the best strategy
 for individuals of a given infection state is to either always migrate or
 never migrate. When infected and susceptible individuals differ in their
 migration strategy, this leads to partial migration at the population
 level (only some individuals migrate). Whereas previous theory showed that
 partial migration can be optimal in the face of infection,  our
 work further parses out the contributors to partial or complete migration
 by determining which individuals in the population are involved in
 migration for different sets of conditions.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.djh9w0vx9
title: Data from: Mate fidelity improves survival and breeding propensity of a long-lived bird

description: 1. Evolutionary and behavioral ecologists have long been interested in
 factors shaping the variation in mating behavior observed in
 nature.  Whereas, much of the research on this topic has focused
 on the consequences of mate choice and mate change on annual reproductive
 success, studies of a potential positive link between mate fidelity and
 adult demographic rates have been comparatively rare.  This is
 particularly true for long-lived birds with multi-year, socially
 monogamous pair bonds. 2. We used a 26-year capture-mark-recapture dataset
 of 3,330 black brent (Branta bernicla nigricans) to test whether breeding
 with a familiar mate improved future breeding propensity and survival. We
 predicted that experienced breeders nesting with a new partner would have
 rates of survival similar to familiar pairs because long-lived species
 avoid jeopardizing survival since their lifetime fitness is sensitive to
 this vital rate.  In contrast, we expected that any costs of
 breeding with a new partner would be paid through skipping the subsequent
 breeding attempt. 3. We found that unfamiliar pairs had lower subsequent
 breeding propensity than faithful partners.  However, contrary to
 our expectations, individuals breeding with a new mate also suffered
 reduced survival. 4. These results add to a small number of studies
 indicating that a positive relationship between mate retention and adult
 demographic rates may exist in a diverse array of avian species. 
 Given these results, researchers should consider costs of mate change that
 extend beyond within-season reproductive success to fully understand the
 potential adaptive basis for perennial social monogamy.  We
 caution that if mate retention enhances survival prospects, improvements
 in annual reproductive success with pair-bond length could be a secondary
 factor favoring perennial social monogamy, particularly in species with
 slower life history strategies.  Further, cases where annual
 reproductive success does not improve with pair-bond duration, yet
 multi-year pair bonds are common, could be explained by benefits afforded
 by mate fidelity to adult vital rates.
DOI: 10.7272/q6rj4gpp
title: SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells exhibit phenotypic features reflecting helper function, lack of terminal differentiation, and high proliferation potential

description: Convalescing COVID-19 patients mount robust T cell responses against
 SARS-CoV-2, suggesting an important role for T cells in viral clearance.
 To date, the phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells remain poorly
 defined. Using 38-parameter CyTOF, we phenotyped longitudinal specimens of
 SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from nine individuals who
 recovered from mild COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells were
 exclusively Th1 cells, and predominantly Tcm with phenotypic features of
 robust helper function. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells were
 predominantly Temra cells in a state of less terminal differentiation than
 most Temra cells. Subsets of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells express CD127,
 can homeostatically proliferate, and can persist for over two months. Our
 results suggest that long-lived and robust T cell immunity is generated
 following natural SARS-CoV-2 infection, and support an important role for
 SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in host control of COVID-19.
DOI: 10.6078/d1098d
title: Data from: Recognizing pulses of extinction from clusters of last occurrences

description: The distribution of last occurrences of fossil taxa in a stratigraphic
 column are used to infer the pattern, timing, and tempo of extinction from
 the fossil record. Clusters of last occurrences are commonly interpreted
 as an abrupt pulse of extinction. However, stratigraphic architecture
 alone can produce clusters of last occurrences that can be misinterpreted
 as an extinction pulse. These clusters will typically occur in strata that
 immediately underlie facies changes and sequence-stratigraphic surfaces.
 It has been proposed that a basin-wide analysis of the fossil record
 within a sequence-stratigraphic framework can be used to distinguish
 between clusters of last occurrences caused solely by extinction pulses
 from those generated by sequence-stratigraphic architecture. A basin-wide
 approach makes it possible to observe lateral facies shifts in response to
 sea-level change, mitigating the effects of stratigraphic architecture.
 Using computer simulations of plausible Late Ordovician mass-extinction
 scenarios tuned to an inferred Upper Ordovician sea-level curve, we show
 that stratigraphically-generated clusters of last occurrences are observed
 even in basin-wide analyses of the simulated fossil records due to the
 basin-wide loss of preferred facies for many taxa. Nonetheless, we
 demonstrate that by coarsening the stratigraphic resolution to the
 systems-tract level and identifying facies preferences of simulated taxa,
 we can filter out taxa whose last occurrences coincide with the basin-wide
 loss of their preferred facies. This enables consistent identification of
 the underlying extinction pattern for a wide variety of extinction
 scenarios. Applying this approach to empirical field data can help to
 constrain underlying extinction patterns from the fossil record.
description: This repository contains the files for 1) reproducing the Sedflux
 Basin and 2) running basin-wide analyses of mass extinction scenarios as
 in Zimmt et al. (2020). Unzip the downloaded folder. The unzipped
 folder contains two folders and the README. The 'Sedflux' folder
 contains the files necessary to replicate the basin used in the
 simulations. The purposes of each of these files are explained in the
 README. For further information on how to compile the Sedflux program, we
 refer the users to Hutton and Syvitski (2008) and the online documentation
 for Sedflux (https://sedflux.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html). The
 'RCode' folder contains the functions (2020 Zimmt et al. Core
 Functions.R) and code (2020 Zimmt et al. Basin Simulation.R) necessary
 to simulate and assess patterns of fossil occurrences on a basin-wide
 scale within the stratigraphy produced by Sedflux.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vdncjsxr7
title: Data from: C,N-codoped MoSi2 ceramic with excellent heat resistance for microwaves absorption application

description: Microwaves absorption (MA) materials with high heat resistance have a wide
 range of applications in many fields. In this work, a C,N-codoped-MoSi2
 ceramic was prepared via a facile solid phase reaction method and its MA
 properties was investigated. On the one hand, the results indicate that
 this ceramic possesses excellent heat resistance and the weight of the
 MoSi2 is almost constant when the temperature is lower than 800 ℃. On the
 other hand, this ceramic shows good MA performance when the filler loading
 ratio increases to 30 vol%, the value of reflection loss（RL） could reach
 to -17.70 dB at 7.44 GHz with the thickness of 2.0 mm and the effective EM
 absorption bandwidth (RL below -10 dB) could reach to 1.88 GHz (9.28
 GHz–11.16 GHz) with the thickness of 1.5 mm. Multi-polarization resonance
 loss is considered as the predominant attention mechanism on the MA
 performance of this MoSi2 ceramic. This research provides a new idea for
 understanding resonance mechanism and greatly expands the application
 scope of MoSi2 ceramic in MA area.
description: The raw data of C,N-Codoped MoSi2 Ceramic with Excellent Heat
 Resistance for Microwaves Absorption Application,including TGA, XPS, XRD
 and Electromagnetic parameters.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m0cfxpp15
title: Stable leaders pave the way for cooperation under time-dependent exploration rates

description: The exploration of different behaviors is part of the adaptation
 repertoire of individuals to new environments. Here, we explore how the
 evolution of cooperative behavior is affected by the interplay between
 exploration dynamics and social learning, in particular when individuals
 engage on the Prisoner's Dilemma along the edges of a social network.
 We show that when the population undergoes a transition from strong to
 weak exploration rates a decline in the overall levels of cooperation is
 observed. However, both constant and variable exploration rates are shown
 to be beneficial for cooperation as long as leaders (highly connected
 individuals) adopt lower exploration rates than followers (less connected
 individuals). This result suggests that noisy decision-making at the
 periphery of social networks may, in some cases, translate into major
 benefits at the population level. 
description: Data in this repository was obtained through computer simulations
 that follow the methodology described in the Manuscript and Electronic
 Supplementary Material.<br> The dataset is organized taking into
 consideration the Figures and panel organization of the
 document. More information about the datasets can be
 found in the README file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxprd
title: Data from: Congruence, but no cascade - pelagic biodiversity across 3 trophic levels in Nordic lakes

description: Covariation in species richness and community structure across taxonomical
 groups (cross-taxon congruence) has practical consequences for the
 identification of biodiversity surrogates and proxies, as well as
 theoretical ramifications for understanding the mechanisms maintaining and
 sustaining biodiversity.  We found there to exist a high
 cross-taxon congruence between phytoplankton, zooplankton and fish in 73
 large Scandinavian lakes across a 750 km longitudinal transect. The
 fraction of the total diversity variation explained by local environment
 alone was small for all trophic levels while a substantial fraction could
 be explained by spatial gradient variables. Almost half of the explained
 variation could not be resolved between local and spatial factors,
 possibly due to confounding issues between longitude and landscape
 productivity. There is strong consensus that the longitudinal gradient
 found in the regional fish community results from post-glacial dispersal
 limitations, while there is much less evidence for the species richness
 and community structure gradients at lower trophic levels being directly
 affected by dispersal limitation over the same time scale. We found strong
 support for bi-directional interactions between fish and zooplankton
 species richness, while corresponding interactions between phytoplankton
 and zooplankton richness were much weaker. Both the weakening of the
 linkage at lower trophic levels and the bi-directional nature of the
 interaction indicates that the underlying mechanism must be qualitatively
 different from a trophic cascade.
description: A synoptic survey of species diversity of phytoplankton,
 zooplankton and fish in lakes along a 750 km east-west gradient from the
 North Sea to the west to the Baltic Sea to the east and contrasted this
 gradient with local covariates for lake productivity (total phosphorus
 (TP) and total organic carbon (TOC)). Sampling was performed mainly by an
 amphibious aircraft (Cessna 206) in July to August 2011. 5-liter surface
 samples (0-5 m depth) were collected with an integrating water sampler
 (Hydro-BIOS, Germany) in the central part of each lake during
 daytime.
description: In one lake (Sperillen, Norway) the sampling had to be aborted
 due to weather conditions before the zooplankton sample was
 taken.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.37pvmcvgs
title: Data from: Telomere attrition with age in a wild amphibian population

description: Telomere shortening with age has been documented in many organisms, but
 few studies have reported telomere length measurements in amphibians, and
 no information is available for growth after metamorphosis, nor in wild
 populations. We provide both cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence of
 net telomere attrition with age in a wild amphibian population of
 natterjack toads (Epidalea calamita). Based on age-estimation by
 skeletochronology and qPCR telomere length measurements in the framework
 of an individual-based monitoring programme, we confirmed telomere
 attrition in recaptured males. Our results support that toads experience
 telomere attrition throughout their ontogeny, and that most attrition
 occurs during the first 1–2 years.We did not find associations between
 telomere length and inbreeding or body condition. Our results on telomere
 length dynamics under natural conditions confirm telomere shortening with
 age in amphibians and provide quantification of wide telomere length
 variation within and among age-classes in a wild breeding population.
description: Data on age estimated by skeletochronology, relative telomere
 length (telomere/single copy gene GAPDH: T/S ratio) assessed by qPCR,
 genotype at 16 microsatellite markers, sex and body measures (snout to
 vent length and body mass) for 211 adult individuals of <em>Epidalea
 calamita</em> captured in Laguna de Valdemanco (central Spain)
 between 2010 and 2015. 33 of the individuals have T/S ratio measures
 obtained in a second capture (recapture) in 2018.
description: Missing data in the genotypes are coded as
 '0'. BC09727 and BC09788 were identified as
 the same individual after genotyping, although both T/S measures showed
 different values.