cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267354
title: Diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient values for evaluating terminal ileitis in patients with Crohn’s disease

description: Abstract Objective: To determine the accuracy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in identifying terminal ileitis in patients with Crohn’s disease. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 38 consecutive patients with Crohn’s disease who underwent magnetic resonance enterography with DWI in a 3.0 T scanner. The patients were divided into two groups, on the basis of colonoscopy and biopsy findings: active inflammation; and inactive disease. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were determined, as were the magnetic resonance index of activity (MaRIA) and the Clermont score. Results: Of the 38 patients evaluated, 18 (47%) had active inflammation. The patients with active inflammation showed greater restricted diffusion, more pronounced mucosal edema, greater wall thickening, a higher MaRIA, and a higher Clermont score than did those with inactive disease. The level of interobserver agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient) was excellent for the MaRIA and the Clermont score, whereas it was substantial for the ADC values. For identifying colonoscopy-proven inflammation, the best ADC cut-off point was 2.1 × 10−3 mm2/s, which had a sensitivity of 88.8% and a specificity of 95.0%, whereas DWI presented an overall accuracy of 89.4%, with a sensitivity of 88.9% and a specificity of 90.0%. Conclusion: Visual analysis of the DWI sequence has good accuracy in detecting terminal ileitis in patients with Crohn’s disease. In addition, low ADC values have good sensitivity for detecting colonoscopy-proven inflammation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267333
title: EVALUATION OF THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF MANGROVE SEEDLINGS UNDER DIFFERENT LIGHT INTENSITIES: SIMULATING THE EFFECT OF MANGROVE DEFORESTATION

description: ABSTRACT Environmental factors, especially light, temperature, and edaphic conditions are of great importance for the establishment of plant communities. In areas degraded by deforestation, these factors can vary greatly, which may affect the recolonization of the typical populations in the altered area. This study evaluated the development of seedlings of pioneer mangrove species under different levels of shading in soil substrate degraded by deforestation, aiming to assess the effect of deforestation on the recolonization of mangrove forests, which may be of help in the production of seedlings and recovery of deforested areas. The study was conducted in the municipality of Acaraú in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The species Avicennia schaueriana Stapf and Leechm. ex Moldenke (1939) and Laguncularia racemosa C. F. Gaertn (1807) were used in the study, and the substrate was collected from an area impacted by deforestation. The propagules and seedlings were exposed to full sun and 30, 50 and 70% shading. The results revealed that the treatment at full sun had the lowest germination rate of 86.66% for L. racemosa. Seedlings of both species showed a significant difference and better quality between shading treatments and full sun. The height of the seedlings showed a correlation above -0.90 with ambient temperature. L. racemosa tested in full sun had a viable seedling reduction of 50% and A. schaueriana was superior. It is concluded that the natural regeneration of a mangrove area can be compromised under the conditions of total deforestation with high sun exposure and degraded soils. Human intervention in providing 50% shading is essential for the development of seedlings and regeneration of the area impacted by deforestation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267342
title: Rates of success and failure of biopsies of hollow abdominal organs: descriptive analysis

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the rates of success and failure of ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of lesions in hollow abdominal organs, as well as the influence of contrast enhancement on those rates. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study evaluating patients submitted to ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of abdominal lesions in hollow organs between January 2017 and June 2018. Patient records were reviewed using a standardized data collection form. Results: We included 49 procedures performed in 48 patients, of whom 18 (38%) had a prior diagnosis of cancer. Malignancy was suspected in 44 cases (90%). Among those 44 cases, the suspicion was of a new neoplasm in 28 (64%), of relapse in 11 (25%), and of a metastatic lesion in 5 (11%). The histopathological findings were sufficient to make the diagnosis in all 44 of those cases, 33 (75%) of which were found to be malignant. The diagnosis was consistent with the clinical suspicion in 33 (75%) of the cases in which there was a definitive histological result. There were no complications resulting from the procedure. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy is a safe procedure that demonstrates high efficacy in providing a sufficient sample for the diagnosis. The main reason to perform such a biopsy is suspicion of a new neoplasm, followed by suspicion of a metastatic lesion. The histopathological results were concordant with the suspicion in the majority of the cases evaluated here.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267345
title: Slave Trade Ads in the 19th Century: Textual Trajectory, Entextualization and Indexical Orders Mobilized on Contemporary Ads

description: ABSTRACT The present article features the analysis of the textual trajectory and the entextualizations of two ads concerning slave trade issued in 1854 - i.e., in the 19th century - in the Correio Paulistano newspaper. It also features the analysis of five ads posted in this century (21st) on the Mercado Livre website. One of my main goals was to highlight the indexical orders precipitated in those entextualizations. To achieve such goals, I took bases on the notion of ‘textual trajectory’ as it is employed by Blommaert (2010) and Fabrício (2013, 2014); on Bauman and Briggs’ (1990) concept of ‘entextualization’, and on the notion of ‘indexical order’ as Silverstein (2009) has presented it. By tracking both the ads’ textual trajectory and the entextualizations of discourse, it was possible to notice these indexical orders deeply related to black people’s lives: dehumanization, objectification, abjection, inferiority, devaluation, and precarization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267351
title: Analytical method and trihalomethanes formation by Microcystis

description: ABSTRACT Studies have shown that the use of chlorine in water treatment plants (WTPs) can contribute to formation of undesirable halogenated organic by-products, such as trihalomethanes (THMs), when algae and cyanobacteria are present. Microcystis aeruginosa is a cyanobacteria specie with frequent recordings of flowering events in the country and is related to the formation of THMs during water chlorination. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop and validate Liquid-Liquid Extraction the analytical method for detection and quantification of THMs by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LLE-GC-MS), as well as the application of the method to evaluate the formation of TAMs from Microcystis aeruginosa cells chlorination tests, simulating situations in WTPs. The method obtained low time of analysis (&lt; 12 minutes), excellent selectivity, precision, repeatability and sensitivity, with possibility of application for routine analysis to the detriment of other techniques considered more automated. High chlorine demand was observed during the tests and high concentration of by-products when submitted to the chlorine gas (Cl2) dose of 2.5 and 5 mg.L-1, with emphasis on trichloromethane. Other species of mandatory monitoring were not detected or not formed, justified by the absence of bromine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267333.v1
title: EVALUATION OF THE GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF MANGROVE SEEDLINGS UNDER DIFFERENT LIGHT INTENSITIES: SIMULATING THE EFFECT OF MANGROVE DEFORESTATION

description: ABSTRACT Environmental factors, especially light, temperature, and edaphic conditions are of great importance for the establishment of plant communities. In areas degraded by deforestation, these factors can vary greatly, which may affect the recolonization of the typical populations in the altered area. This study evaluated the development of seedlings of pioneer mangrove species under different levels of shading in soil substrate degraded by deforestation, aiming to assess the effect of deforestation on the recolonization of mangrove forests, which may be of help in the production of seedlings and recovery of deforested areas. The study was conducted in the municipality of Acaraú in the state of Ceará, Brazil. The species Avicennia schaueriana Stapf and Leechm. ex Moldenke (1939) and Laguncularia racemosa C. F. Gaertn (1807) were used in the study, and the substrate was collected from an area impacted by deforestation. The propagules and seedlings were exposed to full sun and 30, 50 and 70% shading. The results revealed that the treatment at full sun had the lowest germination rate of 86.66% for L. racemosa. Seedlings of both species showed a significant difference and better quality between shading treatments and full sun. The height of the seedlings showed a correlation above -0.90 with ambient temperature. L. racemosa tested in full sun had a viable seedling reduction of 50% and A. schaueriana was superior. It is concluded that the natural regeneration of a mangrove area can be compromised under the conditions of total deforestation with high sun exposure and degraded soils. Human intervention in providing 50% shading is essential for the development of seedlings and regeneration of the area impacted by deforestation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267342.v1
title: Rates of success and failure of biopsies of hollow abdominal organs: descriptive analysis

description: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the rates of success and failure of ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of lesions in hollow abdominal organs, as well as the influence of contrast enhancement on those rates. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective, single-center study evaluating patients submitted to ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy of abdominal lesions in hollow organs between January 2017 and June 2018. Patient records were reviewed using a standardized data collection form. Results: We included 49 procedures performed in 48 patients, of whom 18 (38%) had a prior diagnosis of cancer. Malignancy was suspected in 44 cases (90%). Among those 44 cases, the suspicion was of a new neoplasm in 28 (64%), of relapse in 11 (25%), and of a metastatic lesion in 5 (11%). The histopathological findings were sufficient to make the diagnosis in all 44 of those cases, 33 (75%) of which were found to be malignant. The diagnosis was consistent with the clinical suspicion in 33 (75%) of the cases in which there was a definitive histological result. There were no complications resulting from the procedure. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy is a safe procedure that demonstrates high efficacy in providing a sufficient sample for the diagnosis. The main reason to perform such a biopsy is suspicion of a new neoplasm, followed by suspicion of a metastatic lesion. The histopathological results were concordant with the suspicion in the majority of the cases evaluated here.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267345.v1
title: Slave Trade Ads in the 19th Century: Textual Trajectory, Entextualization and Indexical Orders Mobilized on Contemporary Ads

description: ABSTRACT The present article features the analysis of the textual trajectory and the entextualizations of two ads concerning slave trade issued in 1854 - i.e., in the 19th century - in the Correio Paulistano newspaper. It also features the analysis of five ads posted in this century (21st) on the Mercado Livre website. One of my main goals was to highlight the indexical orders precipitated in those entextualizations. To achieve such goals, I took bases on the notion of ‘textual trajectory’ as it is employed by Blommaert (2010) and Fabrício (2013, 2014); on Bauman and Briggs’ (1990) concept of ‘entextualization’, and on the notion of ‘indexical order’ as Silverstein (2009) has presented it. By tracking both the ads’ textual trajectory and the entextualizations of discourse, it was possible to notice these indexical orders deeply related to black people’s lives: dehumanization, objectification, abjection, inferiority, devaluation, and precarization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267354.v1
title: Diffusion-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient values for evaluating terminal ileitis in patients with Crohn’s disease

description: Abstract Objective: To determine the accuracy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in identifying terminal ileitis in patients with Crohn’s disease. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 38 consecutive patients with Crohn’s disease who underwent magnetic resonance enterography with DWI in a 3.0 T scanner. The patients were divided into two groups, on the basis of colonoscopy and biopsy findings: active inflammation; and inactive disease. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were determined, as were the magnetic resonance index of activity (MaRIA) and the Clermont score. Results: Of the 38 patients evaluated, 18 (47%) had active inflammation. The patients with active inflammation showed greater restricted diffusion, more pronounced mucosal edema, greater wall thickening, a higher MaRIA, and a higher Clermont score than did those with inactive disease. The level of interobserver agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient) was excellent for the MaRIA and the Clermont score, whereas it was substantial for the ADC values. For identifying colonoscopy-proven inflammation, the best ADC cut-off point was 2.1 × 10−3 mm2/s, which had a sensitivity of 88.8% and a specificity of 95.0%, whereas DWI presented an overall accuracy of 89.4%, with a sensitivity of 88.9% and a specificity of 90.0%. Conclusion: Visual analysis of the DWI sequence has good accuracy in detecting terminal ileitis in patients with Crohn’s disease. In addition, low ADC values have good sensitivity for detecting colonoscopy-proven inflammation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267351.v1
title: Analytical method and trihalomethanes formation by Microcystis

description: ABSTRACT Studies have shown that the use of chlorine in water treatment plants (WTPs) can contribute to formation of undesirable halogenated organic by-products, such as trihalomethanes (THMs), when algae and cyanobacteria are present. Microcystis aeruginosa is a cyanobacteria specie with frequent recordings of flowering events in the country and is related to the formation of THMs during water chlorination. Thus, the objective of this study was to develop and validate Liquid-Liquid Extraction the analytical method for detection and quantification of THMs by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LLE-GC-MS), as well as the application of the method to evaluate the formation of TAMs from Microcystis aeruginosa cells chlorination tests, simulating situations in WTPs. The method obtained low time of analysis (&lt; 12 minutes), excellent selectivity, precision, repeatability and sensitivity, with possibility of application for routine analysis to the detriment of other techniques considered more automated. High chlorine demand was observed during the tests and high concentration of by-products when submitted to the chlorine gas (Cl2) dose of 2.5 and 5 mg.L-1, with emphasis on trichloromethane. Other species of mandatory monitoring were not detected or not formed, justified by the absence of bromine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267318
title: When Teacher Education Goes Mobile: A Study on Complex Emergence

description: ABSTRACT The popularity of mobile devices brings on new challenges for teacher education. Based on complexity theory, this qualitative study1 seeks to better understand the dynamics of a social group, especially the conditions for the emergence of learning in a mobile educational experience. Sixty in-service teachers in Brazil participated in a six-week course via WhatsApp. The analysis of the answers to questionnaires and the corpus generated by the teachers’ interactions indicate that the devices’ mobility favored interactions, control distribution, and social repertoire of possibilities. The findings also indicate that the teachers recognize the potential of mobile technology for mediating learning experiences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267324
title: Characterization of NTC automotive thermistor

description: ABSTRACT The automotive thermistors are electroceramics with sensorial characteristics housed in metallic cases fixed to the radiator, whose function is to control the temperature of the cooling water of the engine. The objective of this work was to determine the sensitivity of two commercial thermistors applied in automotive vehicle. Characterized thermistors were commercially available, and after disassembling the kits, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microanalysis (EDS) and impedance spectroscopy analyzes were performed on the samples. X-ray diffraction indicated that the materials that make up the thermistors have spinel-like atomic structure (AB2O4), in the chemical map via EDS high homogeneity of the chemical components can be observed and the characteristic resistance ratio values (β-factor) are within the range indicated for indicated application Based on the results obtained it is verified that the sensorial characteristics of the thermistors are directly related to their physico-chemical characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267327
title: Non-Durable Consumption and Real-Estate Prices in Brazil: Panel-Data Analysis at the State Level

description: Abstract This paper investigates the effect of real-estate prices on non-durable consumption in Brazil. For that, we build a state-level panel of the determinants of non-durable consumption growth during the period 2008-2017. This period covers both a “boom” in real-estate prices and consumption (2008-2014) as well as a “bust” in them (2014-2017). We estimate the effect of house prices on consumption combining the techniques and ideas from Campbell e Cocco (2007) and Case et al. (2005). In particular, we estimated the same reduced-form equation proposed by Campbell e Cocco (2007), which is derived from simulating a theoretical model of housing and consumption choice under debt constraints. Due to Brazilian-data limitations, we were unable to run panel-data regressions at the cohort level (aggregation across households on different surveys) as in Campbell e Cocco (2007). Indeed, we had to resort to data aggregated at the state level to estimate our panel-data regressions as did Case et al. (2005). Our results suggest that changes in house prices significantly affect non-durable consumption in Brazil. The magnitudes are quantitatively close to the effects found for the U.K. by Campbell e Cocco (2007). Furthermore, we document that the effect of house prices on non-durable consumption is asymmetric, stronger in the “bust” than in the “boom” phase of the business cycle. This difference in the effects during different phases of the business cycle suggests that borrowing constraints might explain the effects of house prices on nondurable consumption.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267309
title: Annual cropland mapping using data mining and OLI Landsat-8

description: ABSTRACT In the state of Paraná, Brazil, there are no major changes in areas cultivated with annual crops, mainly due to environmental laws that do not allow expansions to new areas. There is a great contribution of the annual crops to the domestic demand of food and economic demand in the exports. Thus, the area and distribution of annual crops are information of great importance. New methodologies, such as data mining, are being tested with the objective of analyzing and improving their potential use for classification of land use and land cover. This study used the classifiers decision tree and random forest with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) temporal metrics on images from Operational Land Imager (OLI)/Landsat-8. The results were compared with traditional methods spectral images and Maximum Likelihood Classifier (MLC). At first, seven classes were mapped (water bodies, sugarcane, urban area, annual crops, forest, pasture and reforestation areas); then, only two classes were considered (annual crops and other targets). When classifying the seven targets, both methods had corresponding results, showing global accuracy near 84%. NDVI temporal metrics showed producer’s and user’s accuracy for the annual crop class of 86 and 100%, respectively. However, if considering only two classes, the NDVI temporal metrics reached global accuracy of near 98% and producer’s and user’s accuracy above 94%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267318.v1
title: When Teacher Education Goes Mobile: A Study on Complex Emergence

description: ABSTRACT The popularity of mobile devices brings on new challenges for teacher education. Based on complexity theory, this qualitative study1 seeks to better understand the dynamics of a social group, especially the conditions for the emergence of learning in a mobile educational experience. Sixty in-service teachers in Brazil participated in a six-week course via WhatsApp. The analysis of the answers to questionnaires and the corpus generated by the teachers’ interactions indicate that the devices’ mobility favored interactions, control distribution, and social repertoire of possibilities. The findings also indicate that the teachers recognize the potential of mobile technology for mediating learning experiences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11267315
title: The Role of Textbooks for Promoting Autonomy in English Learning

description: ABSTRACT The present study investigates the role of textbooks for promoting learner autonomy in teaching English as a foreign language, drawing on the content analysis of three textbooks and interviews to six teachers who used them. The textbooks include activities that can potentially promote learner autonomy, although in a reduced number and mostly focused on processes of language learning/ use rather than on didactic processes and the learner’s self. The teachers acknowledge the importance of textbooks but also their limitations for promoting autonomy, use complementary learner-centred strategies, and point out the prevalence of teaching cultures that constrain this approach. An exploratory reflection-action framework for promoting autonomy emerges from the study as regards the textbook (assumptions and activities) and the teacher (conceptions, premises, strategies, and constraints.