cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123629
title: Supplementary Material for: ‘A Rose Is a Rose Is a Rose’, but At-Risk Criteria Differ

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Over the last 15 years, efforts to detect psychoses early in their prodromal states have greatly progressed; meanwhile, ultra-high risk (UHR) criteria have been the subject of such consensus that parts of them have been proposed for inclusion in DSM-5 in terms of an attenuated psychosis syndrome. However, it is frequently unacknowledged that the definitions and operationalizations of UHR-related at-risk criteria, including the relevant attenuated psychotic symptoms, vary considerably across centers and time and, thus, between prediction studies. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> These variations in UHR criteria are described and discussed with reference to the rates of transition to psychosis, their prevalence in the general population and the proposed new operationalization of the attenuated psychosis syndrome. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A comparison of samples recruited according to different UHR operationalizations reveals differences in the distribution of UHR criteria and transition rates as well as in the prevalence rates of at-risk criteria in the general population. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The evidence base for the introduction of such a new syndrome is weaker than the number of studies using supposedly equal UHR criteria would at first suggest. Thus, studies comparing the effects of different (sub-)criteria not only on transition rates and outcomes but also on other important aspects, such as neurocognitive performance and brain imaging results, are necessary. Meanwhile, the preliminary attenuated psychosis syndrome in DSM-5 should not follow an altogether new definition but, rather, the currently most reliable UHR definition, which must still demonstrate its reliability and validity outside specialized psychiatric services.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123623
title: Supplementary Material for: Laparoscopic Bladder-Preserving Surgery for Enterovesical Fistula Complicated with Benign Gastrointestinal Disease

description: Enterovesical fistula (EVF) is a relatively uncommon condition that is associated with severe morbidity. Minimally invasive and organ-preserving surgery should be performed in the case of EVF caused by benign diseases. We applied laparoscopic bladder-preserving surgery (LBPS) for EVF caused by benign gastrointestinal disease. Here, we report a surgical technique for LBPS. Patient and instrument port positioning are similar to those used in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Dissection around the fistula is performed along the intestine as distant from the bladder as possible. If there is sufficient area around the intestinal portion of the fistula, it is isolated and resected using a linear stapler. If this approach is not possible, the intestinal fistula is sharply dissected as far away from the bladder as possible. LBPS for EVF was performed in 4 patients and included 3 direct sharp dissections and 1 stapling dissection. Three of the 4 patients did not require any further treatment for the bladder, and all procedures were feasibly accomplished under laparoscopic conditions. In conclusion, LBPS is feasible in cases of EVF caused by benign gastrointestinal disease, and we suggest that it should be the first choice of intervention in such cases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123617
title: Supplementary Material for: Patupilone (Epothilone B) for Recurrent Glioblastoma: Clinical Outcome and Translational Analysis of a Single-Institution Phase I/II Trial

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) inevitably develop recurrent or progressive disease after initial multimodal treatment and have a median survival of 6–9 months from time of progression. To date, there is no accepted standard treatment for GBM relapse or progression. Patupilone (EPO906) is a novel natural microtubule-stabilizing cytotoxic agent that crosses the blood-brain barrier and has been found to have preclinical activity in glioma models. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a single-institution, early-phase I/II trial of GBM patients with tumor progression who qualified for second surgery with the goal of evaluating efficacy and safety of the single-agent patupilone (10 mg/m<sup>2</sup>, every 3 weeks). Patients received patupilone 1 week prior to second surgery and every 3 weeks thereafter until tumor progression or toxicity. Primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) at 6 months as well as patupilone concentration in tumor tissue. Secondary end points were toxicity, patupilone concentration in plasma and translational analyses for predictive biomarkers. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Nine patients with a mean age of 54.6 ± 8.6 years were recruited between June 2008 and April 2010. Median survival and 1-year OS after second surgery were 11 months (95% CI, 5–17 months) and 45% (95% CI, 14–76), respectively. Median PFS was 1.5 months (95% CI, 1.3–1.7 months) and PFS6 was 22% (95% CI, 0–46), with 2 patients remaining recurrence-free at 9.75 and 22 months. At the time of surgery, the concentration of patupilone in tumor tissue was 30 times higher than in the plasma. Tumor response was not predictable by the tested biomarkers. Treatment was generally well tolerated with no hematological, but cumulative, though reversible sensory neuropathy grade ≤3 was seen in 2 patients (22%) at 8 months and grade 4 diarrhea in the 2nd patient (11%). Non-patupilone-related peri-operative complications occurred in 2 patients resulting in discontinuation of patupilone therapy. There were no neurocognitive changes 3 months after surgery compared to baseline. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In recurrent GBM, patupilone can be given safely pre- and postoperatively. The drug accumulates in the tumor tissue. The treatment results in long-term PFS in some patients. Patupilone represents a valuable novel compound which deserves further evaluation in combination with radiation therapy in patients with GBM.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123620
title: Supplementary Material for: Bypass Surgery with Psychological and Spiritual Support (the BY.PASS Study): Results of a Pragmatic Trial Based on Patients’ Preference

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Some general hospitals within the German health system provide supportive interventions, psychological as well as spiritual, to their patients. It remains to be proven if these interventions are effective when used in routine clinical practice. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> To evaluate the effectiveness of psychological and spiritual interventions on improving recovery following bypass surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The BY.PASS study is a pragmatic, patient preference trial (ISRCTN 07297983). Adult patients scheduled for elective coronary bypass surgery were enrolled. Patients were assigned to study conditions according to their personal preference: preference for psychological interventions, for spiritual interventions or for no intervention. Patients who were open for any kind of intervention were randomly assigned either to psychological or spiritual interventions. During a control period, patients were asked about their preference, but did not receive any interventions. Primary outcomes of the study were in-hospital morbidity and early mortality. Psychological measures served as secondary outcomes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 847 patients were enrolled. Patients of the control (n = 260) and the intervention group (n = 269) who explicitly wanted to have interventions were compared. No significant treatment effects either for morbidity (d = 0.08, 95% CI –0.09 to 0.25), or for mortality (OR = 1.81; 95% CI 0.50–6.57) could be found. A reduction of negative mood resulted from both interventions. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Although the effects observed were small, the study can serve as a basis to discuss methodological as well as theoretical aspects of a pragmatic trial, based upon patients’ preferences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123623.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Laparoscopic Bladder-Preserving Surgery for Enterovesical Fistula Complicated with Benign Gastrointestinal Disease

description: Enterovesical fistula (EVF) is a relatively uncommon condition that is associated with severe morbidity. Minimally invasive and organ-preserving surgery should be performed in the case of EVF caused by benign diseases. We applied laparoscopic bladder-preserving surgery (LBPS) for EVF caused by benign gastrointestinal disease. Here, we report a surgical technique for LBPS. Patient and instrument port positioning are similar to those used in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Dissection around the fistula is performed along the intestine as distant from the bladder as possible. If there is sufficient area around the intestinal portion of the fistula, it is isolated and resected using a linear stapler. If this approach is not possible, the intestinal fistula is sharply dissected as far away from the bladder as possible. LBPS for EVF was performed in 4 patients and included 3 direct sharp dissections and 1 stapling dissection. Three of the 4 patients did not require any further treatment for the bladder, and all procedures were feasibly accomplished under laparoscopic conditions. In conclusion, LBPS is feasible in cases of EVF caused by benign gastrointestinal disease, and we suggest that it should be the first choice of intervention in such cases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123626
title: Supplementary Material for: Patterns of Mitochondrial DNA Damage in Blood and Brain Tissues of a Transgenic Mouse Model of Machado-Joseph Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) is an autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia caused by a CAG tract expansions in the <i>ATXN3</i> gene. Patterns of mitochondrial damage associated with pathological findings of brain tissues could provide molecular biomarkers of this disorder. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The potential of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage as a biomarker of MJD progression was investigated using a transgenic mouse model. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> DNA was obtained from affected (pontine nuclei) and nonaffected tissues (hippocampus and blood) of transgenic animals of three distinct age groups: 8 weeks, before onset of the phenotype; 16 weeks, at onset, and 24 weeks, at well-established phenotype. Wild-type littermate mice, serving as controls, were analyzed for the same tissues and age groups. mtDNA damage was studied by fluorescence-based quantitative PCR in 84 transgenic and 93 wild-type samples. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A clear pattern of decrease in mtDNA copy number with age and accumulation of 3,867-bp deletions at the initial stages (both being more pronounced in transgenic mice) was observed. Pontine nuclei, the affected tissue in transgenic mice, displayed 1.5 times less copies of mtDNA than nonaffected brain tissue hippocampus (odds ratio = 1.21). Pontine nuclei displayed the highest percentage of mtDNA deletions (6.05% more in transgenic mice). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results suggest that mtDNA damage is related to the initiation of the phenotype in transgenic mice; mtDNA 3,867-bp deletions may be a biomarker of the initial stages of the disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123611
title: Supplementary Material for: Case of Unilateral Peripheral Cone Dysfunction

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Peripheral cone dystrophy is a subgroup of cone dystrophy, and only 4 cases have been reported. We present a patient with unilateral peripheral cone dysfunction and report the functional changes determined by electrophysiological tests and ultrastructural changes determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). <b><i>Case:</i></b> A 34-year-old woman complained of blurred vision in both eyes. Our examination showed that her visual acuity was 0.05 OD and 0.2 OS. A relative afferent pupillary defect was present in her right eye. The results of slit-lamp examination, ophthalmoscopy, and fluorescein angiography were normal except for pallor of the right optic disc. SD-OCT showed a diffuse thinning of the retina in the posterior pole of the right eye. A severe constriction of the visual fields was found in both eyes but more in the right eye. The photopic full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) were reduced in the right eye but normal in the left eye. The multifocal ERGs were severely reduced throughout the visual field except in the central area of the right eye. The multifocal ERGs from the left eye were normal. The pattern visual evoked responses were within the normal range in both eyes. She had a 5-year history of sniffing paint thinner. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Although the visual dysfunction was initially suspected to be due to psychological problems from the results of subjective tests, objective tests indicated a peripheral cone dysfunction in the right eye. The pathophysiological mechanism and the relationship with thinner sniffing were not determined. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our findings indicate that peripheral cone dysfunction can occur unilaterally. Electrophysiology and SD-OCT are valuable tests to perform to determine the pathogenesis of unusual ocular findings objectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123608
title: Supplementary Material for: Plasma Endothelin-1 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels and Their Relationship to Hemodynamics in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with a poor prognosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are important in both fibrosis and vascular remodeling. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We sought to determine the relationship between ET-1 and VEGF levels and hemodynamics in patients with IPF. We hypothesized that higher levels of ET-1 and VEGF would be associated with higher pulmonary artery pressures (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in patients with IPF. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 52 adults with IPF enrolled in a prospective cohort with available clinical data, platelet-free plasma, and hemodynamics. ET-1 and VEGF levels were measured via immunoassay. The associations of ET-1 and VEGF with PAP and PVR were examined using generalized additive models adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and forced vital capacity (% predicted). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Sixteen of 52 (30.8%) had PH (mean PAP ≥25 mm Hg). After multivariable adjustment, higher ET-1 levels were significantly associated with higher systolic (p = 0.01), diastolic (p = 0.02), and mean (p = 0.01) PAP and possibly higher PVR (p = 0.09). There were no significant associations between VEGF levels and hemodynamics. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Higher levels of ET-1 were associated with higher PAP and possibly higher PVR in participants with IPF. In a subgroup of patients, ET-1 may be a contributor to pulmonary vascular disease burden in IPF.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123614
title: Supplementary Material for: Effekte kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie bei Panikstörung: Mehr Exposition bringt stabilere Therapieerfolge

description: <b><i>Hintergrund:</i></b> Eine beeindruckende Vielzahl an Therapiestudien belegt inzwischen die Effektivität kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie in der Behandlung von Panikstörungen. Die Behandlungsprogramme setzen sich meist aus psychoedukativen, kognitiven und behavioralen (Exposition) Therapieelementen zusammen. Der Anteil von Expositionsübungen innerhalb der untersuchten Programme variiert stark. Bisher ist unklar, welchen Nutzen Expositionsphasen in einer effizienten Behandlung bringen und wie zeitintensiv diese sein sollen. In dieser Untersuchung wird der Therapieerfolg eines kognitiv-verhaltenstherapeutischen Gruppenprogramms überprüft, insbesondere, ob eine Erhöhung des Anteils an Expositionsübungen zusätzliche Therapieeffekte bringt. <b><i>Methode:</i></b> Verglichen wurden 2 Patientengruppen mit Panikstörungen. Beide Gruppen nahmen an einem stationären Gruppentherapieprogramm zur Angstbehandlung teil, das ein Expositionstraining beinhaltete. Für die 1. Behandlungsgruppe (n = 81) erfolgte ein Expositionstraining von einem Tag therapeutenbegleiteter Exposition, für die 2. Gruppe (n = 88) wurde die Expositionszeit verlängert und es erfolgten 2 Tage Exposition. Der Verlauf symptomspezifischer Variablen (Vermeidungsverhalten, ängstliche Bewertungen), depressiver Symptome und psychosozialer Beeinträchtigung wurde vor der Therapie, zu Therapiebeginn und -ende sowie in einer Katamnese (1 Jahr) erhoben. <b><i>Ergebnisse:</i></b> In beiden Gruppen zeigten sich signifikante Symptomreduktionen bei Abschluss der Therapie für die störungsspezifischen Selbsteinschätzungsverfahren (Zeiteffekt MANOVA mit Messwiederholung; p &lt; 0,001). Beide Behandlungsgruppen sprachen in gleichem Ausmaß auf die Therapie an, in der Gruppe mit der verlängerten Exposition waren die erzielten Erfolge zum Katamnesezeitpunkt (1 Jahr) jedoch größer (signifikante Interaktionen Zeit × Behandlungsgruppe; p &lt; 0,001). <b><i>Schlussfolgerung:</i></b> Die Ergebnisse unterstützen die bisherige Praxis der Kombination kognitiver und verhaltenstherapeutischer Interventionsstrategien, wobei sie die Wirksamkeit der verhaltensorientierten Therapieelemente unterstreichen. Sie sprechen dafür, dass sich der erhöhte Expositionsaufwand lohnt und sich der Therapieerfolg bei Panikstörung durch eine Verlängerung der Expositionszeit verbessern lässt.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123620.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Bypass Surgery with Psychological and Spiritual Support (the BY.PASS Study): Results of a Pragmatic Trial Based on Patients’ Preference

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Some general hospitals within the German health system provide supportive interventions, psychological as well as spiritual, to their patients. It remains to be proven if these interventions are effective when used in routine clinical practice. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> To evaluate the effectiveness of psychological and spiritual interventions on improving recovery following bypass surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The BY.PASS study is a pragmatic, patient preference trial (ISRCTN 07297983). Adult patients scheduled for elective coronary bypass surgery were enrolled. Patients were assigned to study conditions according to their personal preference: preference for psychological interventions, for spiritual interventions or for no intervention. Patients who were open for any kind of intervention were randomly assigned either to psychological or spiritual interventions. During a control period, patients were asked about their preference, but did not receive any interventions. Primary outcomes of the study were in-hospital morbidity and early mortality. Psychological measures served as secondary outcomes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 847 patients were enrolled. Patients of the control (n = 260) and the intervention group (n = 269) who explicitly wanted to have interventions were compared. No significant treatment effects either for morbidity (d = 0.08, 95% CI –0.09 to 0.25), or for mortality (OR = 1.81; 95% CI 0.50–6.57) could be found. A reduction of negative mood resulted from both interventions. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Although the effects observed were small, the study can serve as a basis to discuss methodological as well as theoretical aspects of a pragmatic trial, based upon patients’ preferences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123602
title: Supplementary Material for: The Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Cannabinoids: Focus on Motility

description: The marijuana plant <i>Cannabis</i> sp. and its derivatives and analogues, known as cannabinoids (CBs), induce many effects throughout the whole body. Herein we briefly review the gastrointestinal (GI) pharmacology of CBs, with special focus on motor function. Some drugs are available to treat nausea and emesis, and evidences in humans and animal models suggest that other GI motility alterations (<i>gastro-oesophageal</i> reflux, inflammatory bowel conditions or paralytic ileus) might benefit from modifications of the CB tone throughout the gut. However, central and peripheral (including GI) side effects may occur upon acute and chronic CB administration. Hopefully, the ongoing worldwide intense research on CBs will soon provide new, safer CB-based medicines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123611.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Case of Unilateral Peripheral Cone Dysfunction

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Peripheral cone dystrophy is a subgroup of cone dystrophy, and only 4 cases have been reported. We present a patient with unilateral peripheral cone dysfunction and report the functional changes determined by electrophysiological tests and ultrastructural changes determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). <b><i>Case:</i></b> A 34-year-old woman complained of blurred vision in both eyes. Our examination showed that her visual acuity was 0.05 OD and 0.2 OS. A relative afferent pupillary defect was present in her right eye. The results of slit-lamp examination, ophthalmoscopy, and fluorescein angiography were normal except for pallor of the right optic disc. SD-OCT showed a diffuse thinning of the retina in the posterior pole of the right eye. A severe constriction of the visual fields was found in both eyes but more in the right eye. The photopic full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) were reduced in the right eye but normal in the left eye. The multifocal ERGs were severely reduced throughout the visual field except in the central area of the right eye. The multifocal ERGs from the left eye were normal. The pattern visual evoked responses were within the normal range in both eyes. She had a 5-year history of sniffing paint thinner. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Although the visual dysfunction was initially suspected to be due to psychological problems from the results of subjective tests, objective tests indicated a peripheral cone dysfunction in the right eye. The pathophysiological mechanism and the relationship with thinner sniffing were not determined. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our findings indicate that peripheral cone dysfunction can occur unilaterally. Electrophysiology and SD-OCT are valuable tests to perform to determine the pathogenesis of unusual ocular findings objectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123599
title: Supplementary Material for: The Cost of Persistent Asthma in Europe: An International Population-Based Study in Adults

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> This study is aimed at providing a real-world evaluation of the economic cost of persistent asthma among European adults according to the degree of disease control [as defined by the 2006 Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines]. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A prevalence-based cost-of-illness study was carried out on 462 patients aged 30–54 years with persistent asthma (according to the 2002 GINA definition), who were identified in general population samples from 11 European countries and examined in clinical settings in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey II between 1999 and 2002. The cost estimates were computed from the societal perspective following the bottom-up approach on the basis of rates, wages and prices in 2004 (obtained at the national level from official sources), and were then converted to the 2010 values. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean total cost per patient was EUR 1,583 and was largely driven by indirect costs (i.e. lost working days and days with limited, not work-related activities 62.5%). The expected total cost in the population aged 30–54 years of the 11 European countries was EUR 4.3 billion (EUR 19.3 billion when extended to the whole European population aged from 15 to 64 years). The mean total cost per patient ranged from EUR 509 (controlled asthma) to EUR 2,281 (uncontrolled disease). Chronic cough or phlegm and having a high BMI significantly increased the individual total cost. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Among European adults, the cost of persistent asthma drastically increases as disease control decreases. Therefore, substantial cost savings could be obtained through the proper management of adult patients in Europe.