cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.np757
title: Data from: No phenotypic plasticity in nest-site selection in response to extreme flooding events

description: Phenotypic plasticity is a crucial mechanism for responding to changes in
 climatic means, yet we know little about its role in responding to extreme
 climatic events (ECEs). ECEs may lack the reliable cues necessary for
 phenotypic plasticity to evolve; however, this has not been empirically
 tested. We investigated whether behavioural plasticity in nest-site
 selection allows a long-lived shorebird (Haematopus ostralegus) to respond
 to flooding. We collected longitudinal nest elevation data on individuals
 over two decades, during which time flooding events have become
 increasingly frequent. We found no evidence that individuals learn from
 flooding experiences, showing nest elevation change consistent with random
 nest-site selection. There was also no evidence of phenotypic plasticity
 in response to potential environmental cues (lunar nodal cycle and water
 height). A small number of individuals, those nesting near an artificial
 sea wall, did show an increase in nest elevation over time; however, there
 is no conclusive evidence this occurred in response to ECEs. Our study
 population showed no behavioural plasticity in response to changing ECE
 patterns. More research is needed to determine whether this pattern is
 consistent across species and types of ECEs. If so, ECEs may pose a major
 challenge to the resilience of wild populations.
description: Analysis code and
 dataCode (.Rmd) and data
 used for analyses.Dryad_data.rar
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k214j
title: Data from: Transcriptomics reveal transgenerational effects in purple sea urchin embryos: adult acclimation to upwelling conditions alters the response of their progeny to differential pCO2 levels

description: Understanding the mechanisms with which organisms can respond to a rapidly
 changing ocean is an important research priority in marine sciences,
 especially in light of recent predictions regarding the pace of ocean
 change in the coming decades. Transgenerational effects, in which the
 experience of the parental generation can shape the phenotype of their
 offspring, may serve as such a mechanism. In this study, adult purple sea
 urchins, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, were conditioned to regionally and
 ecologically relevant pCO2 levels and temperatures representative of
 upwelling (low temperature, high pCO2) and non-upwelling (average
 temperature, low pCO2) conditions typical of coastal upwelling regions in
 the California Current System. Following 4.5 months of conditioning,
 adults were spawned and offspring were raised under either high or low
 pCO2 levels, to examine the role of maternal effects. Using RNA-seq and
 comparative transcriptomics, our results indicate that differential
 conditioning of the adults had an effect on the gene expression patterns
 of the progeny during the gastrula stage of early development. For
 example, maternal conditioning under upwelling conditions intensified the
 transcriptomic response of the progeny when they were raised under high
 versus low pCO2 conditions. Additionally, mothers that experienced
 upwelling conditions produced larger progeny. The overall findings of this
 study are complex, but do suggest that transgenerational plasticity in
 situ could act as an important mechanism by which populations might keep
 pace with rapid environmental change.
description: Gene Expression Analyses
 in R (limma and WGCNA)Data files and R-scripts
 for gene expression analyses (limma and WGCNA)Gene Expression Analyses in
 R.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.452b4
title: Data from: Multiple extreme climatic events strengthen selection for earlier breeding in a wild passerine

description: Global climate warming results in an increase in mean temperatures and in
 the frequency of extreme climatic events (ECEs), which could both strongly
 impact ecosystems and populations. Most studies assessing the impact of
 global warming on ecosystems have focused on warming trends while
 neglecting ECEs. In particular, the effects of multiple ECEs on fitness,
 and their consequences for selection, are still missing. Here we explored
 the effects of daily extreme rainfalls, as well as the occurrence of
 extremely hot and cold days, on clutch size and laying date in a wild blue
 tit population (Cyanistes caeruleus) monitored over 25 years. During the
 nestling phase (8–15 days old), the number of fledglings in a brood was
 negatively correlated with extremely hot days. The presence of extremely
 hot days between days 8 and 15 was also associated with an increase in the
 strength of selection acting on laying date, independently of mean
 temperature trends during the same period: when 10% of broods in the
 population experienced this type of ECE, selection for earlier breeding
 increased by 39%. Our results represent a unique quantification of the
 impact of multiple ECEs on the fitness landscape and emphasize their role
 as climatic drivers of selection.
description: individuals_dataIndividuals data: Life history traits + presence / absence for each ECE + mean climatic variableRain_dataDaily rainfall data (1991-2015)Temperatures_dataDaily temperature anomalies (1991-2015)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.16r1r
title: Data from: Measuring couple relationship quality in a rural African population: validation of a couple functionality assessment tool in Malawi

description: Available data suggest that individual and family well-being are linked to
 the quality of women’s and men’s couple relationships, but few tools exist
 to assess couple relationship functioning in low and middle-income
 countries. In response to this gap, Catholic Relief Services has developed
 a Couple Functionality Assessment Tool (CFAT) to capture valid and
 reliable data on various domains of relationship quality. This tool is
 designed to be used by interventions which aim to improve couple and
 family well-being as a means of measuring the effectiveness of these
 interventions, particularly related to couple relationship quality. We
 carried out a validation study of the CFAT among 401 married and
 cohabiting adults (203 women and 198 men) in rural Chikhwawa District,
 Malawi. Using psychometric scales, the CFAT addressed six domains of
 couple relationship quality (intimacy, partner support, sexual
 satisfaction, gender roles, decision-making, and communication and
 conflict management), and included questions on intimate partner violence.
 We used exploratory factor analysis to assess scale performance of each
 domain and produce a shortened Relationship Quality Index (RQI) composed
 of items from five relationship quality domains. This article reports the
 performance of the RQI. Internal reliability and validity of the RQI were
 found to be good. Regression analyses examined the relationship of the RQI
 to outcomes important to health and development: intra-household
 cooperation, positive health behaviors, intimate partner violence, and
 gender-equitable norms. We found many significant correlations between RQI
 scores and these couple- and family-level development issues. There is a
 need to further validate the tool with use in other populations as well as
 to continue to explore whether the observed linkages between couple
 functionality and development outcomes are causal relationships.
description: women's
 questionnaireCouple Functionality
 Assessment Tool (CFAT) Malawi validation questionnaire, women's
 version, Q1-Q141. This tool is copyrighted by Catholic Relief Services
 (CRS). CRS has granted permission to place the tool in open access with no
 restrictions on usage and requests that CRS is credited for any usage of
 the tool.CFATquestionnaireMalawi_women.pdfmen's questionnaireCouple Functionality Assessment Tool (CFAT) Malawi validation questionnaire, men's version, Q1-Q141, This tool is copyrighted by Catholic Relief Services (CRS). CRS has granted permission to place the tool in open access with no restrictions on usage and requests that CRS is credited for any usage of the tool.CFATquestionnaireMalawi_men.pdfraw dataraw data, Couple Functionality Assessment Tool (CFAT) Malawi validation studyCFATdataMalawi_v6.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mt2m3
title: Data from: Genetic structure and signatures of selection in grey reef sharks (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos)

description: With overfishing reducing the abundance of marine predators in multiple
 marine ecosystems, knowledge of genomic structure and local adaptation may
 provide valuable information to assist sustainable management. Despite
 recent technological advances, most studies on sharks have used small sets
 of neutral markers to describe their genetic structure. We used 5517
 nuclear SNPs and a mtDNA gene to characterize patterns of genetic
 structure and detect signatures of selection in grey reef sharks
 (Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos). Using samples from Australia, Indonesia and
 oceanic reefs in the Indian Ocean we established that large oceanic
 distances represent barriers to gene flow, while genetic differentiation
 on continental shelves follows an isolation by distance model. In
 Australia and Indonesia, differentiation at nuclear SNPs was weak, with
 coral reefs acting as stepping stones maintaining connectivity across
 large distances. Differentiation of mtDNA was stronger, and more
 pronounced in females, suggesting sex biased dispersal. Four independent
 tests identified a set of loci putatively under selection, indicating that
 grey reef sharks in eastern Australia are likely under different selective
 pressures to those in Western Australia and Indonesia. Genetic distances
 averaged across all loci were uncorrelated with genetic distances
 calculated from outlier loci, supporting the conclusion that different
 processes underpin genetic divergence in these two data sets. This pattern
 of heterogeneous genomic differentiation, suggestive of local adaptation,
 has implications for the conservation of grey reef sharks; furthermore, it
 highlights that marine species showing little genetic differentiation at
 neutral loci may exhibit patterns of cryptic genetic structure driven by
 local selection.
description: DArT_Loci_Information_(Momigliano_et_al_2017)Information on DArT loci genotyped in this study, including locus sequences for both alleles, read depth, genotype reproducibility and heterozygosity.Genotypes_of_All_Loci_Excluding_8_outliers_(Momigliano_et_al_2017)The file is in GenAlEx format, alleles coded as either "1" or "2". Individual and sampling location IDs are provided..Genotypes_Loci_from_Fst_Core_Distribution_(Momigliano_et_al_2017)Genotypes of all individuals for loci from the core distribution of Fst, i.e. excluding loci in the upper and lower 5% of the Fst distribution. This is the "neutral" dataset used in the manuscript for analyses of neutral genetic variation. The file is in GenAlEx format, alleles coded as either "1" or "2". Individual and sampling location IDs are provided.Genotypes_of_8_outlier_loci_(Momigliano_et_al_2017)Genotypes for all individuals for the eight outlier loci identified as potential targets of local selection. The file is in GenAlEx format, alleles coded as either "1" or "2". Individual and sampling location IDs are provided.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b68g0
title: Data from: Independent evolution of baleen whale gigantism linked to Plio-Pleistocene ocean dynamics

description: Vertebrates have evolved to gigantic sizes repeatedly over the past 250
 Myr, reaching their extreme in today's baleen whales (Mysticeti).
 Hypotheses for the evolution of exceptionally large size in mysticetes
 range from niche partitioning to predator avoidance, but there has been no
 quantitative examination of body size evolutionary dynamics in this clade
 and it remains unclear when, why or how gigantism evolved. By fitting
 phylogenetic macroevolutionary models to a dataset consisting of living
 and extinct species, we show that mysticetes underwent a clade-wide shift
 in their mode of body size evolution during the Plio-Pleistocene. This
 transition, from Brownian motion-like dynamics to a trended random walk
 towards larger size, is temporally linked to the onset of seasonally
 intensified upwelling along coastal ecosystems. High prey densities
 resulting from wind-driven upwelling, rather than abundant resources
 alone, are the primary determinant of efficient foraging in extant
 mysticetes and Late Pliocene changes in ocean dynamics may have provided
 an ecological pathway to gigantism in multiple independent lineages.
description: Mysticete maximum clade
 credibility treeTime calibrated maximum
 clade credibility tree of fossil and extant mysticetesslater_mcct.tremysticete body lengthsBody length data for fossil and extant mysticetesslater_length_data.csv2008CompilationDatadelta^18O data from Zachos et al. used to produce proxy temperature curveBEAST 2 xml file used to infer phylogeny of mysticetes under FBD model from morphological and molecular dataslater_mysticete_morph_mol.xmlSizeEvolutionAnalysesR script to perform macroevolutionary analyses (requires functions script)slater_bodySizeEvolutionAnalyses.RfunctionsFunctions required to perform macroevolutionary analysesslater_functions.Rsimulation_testsScript to perform simulations examining model performance (trend shift model) and sampling biasslater_simulation_tests.R
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.826n0
title: Data from: Genetic and demographic founder effects have long-term fitness consequences for colonising populations

description: Colonisation is a fundamental ecological and evolutionary process that
 drives the distribution and abundance of organisms. The initial ability of
 colonists to establish is determined largely by the number of founders and
 their genetic background. We explore the importance of these demographic
 and genetic properties for longer term persistence and adaptation of
 populations colonising a novel habitat using experimental populations of
 Tribolium castaneum. We introduced individuals from three genetic
 backgrounds (inbred – outbred) into a novel environment at three founding
 sizes (2–32), and tracked populations for seven generations. Inbreeding
 had negative effects, whereas outbreeding generally had positive effects
 on establishment, population growth and long-term persistence. Severe
 bottlenecks due to small founding sizes reduced genetic variation and
 fitness but did not prevent adaptation if the founders originated from
 genetically diverse populations. Thus, we find important and largely
 independent roles for both demographic and genetic processes in driving
 colonisation success.
description: Szucs et al Ecol Lett
 DATABefore each data tab and
 there is a tab with metadata explaining what each column
 means.
DOI: 10.4228/zalf-wpe6-sv83
title: DATASET - Adaptation and implementation of the HOTSED framework for assessing seasonal scenarios and short-term weather extremes in a high-altitude watershed of the Eastern Alps

description: In this study, we presented the first adaptation and implementation of the HOTSED framework in a high-altitude watershed of the Eastern Italian Alps chosen as pilot area. HOTSED was applied to assess the spatio-temporal variability of sediment source hotspots driven by rainfall-induced surface runoff across different climatic conditions and rainfall intensities. We analyzed four seasonal scenarios and four daily scenarios, including an ordinary event and three extreme events with different return periods (10-year, 30-year, and 50-year). A pre-existing polygon-based geomorphological map was used to spatially define sediment sources across the study area. The geomorphic Potential of each Sediment Source (PSS) was estimated through a qualitative scoring of map attributes, supported by semi-quantitative, spatially distributed indices, including slope, permafrost distribution, and a proxy for frost-cracking incidence on the bedrock. Structural Sediment Connectivity (STC) was estimated using a geomorphometric index based on a Digital Terrain Model. For each scenario, a proxy for the Potential for Sediment Transport (PST) was computed using a rainfall-calibrated index, applying a 0°C ground surface temperature threshold to exclude snow-covered areas. All components were then integrated through a raster-based equation, yielding the HOTSED model. In this dataset, for each analysed scenario, we provide the main raster input data used (i.e., PSS, STC, PST, and the snowfall coefficient δ), as well as the final model outputs.
The dataset contains 16 folders: 8 scenarios (i.e., 4 seasonal scenarios + 4 short-term daily scenarios) with 2 different configurations (i.e., catchment outlet and main channels). Each folder contains 5 raster files in GEOTIFF format. A brief description of each raster file is provided in the Supplemental Information of this datasets metadata.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.60nc3
title: Data from: Double cuticle barrier in two global pests, the whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and the bedbug Cimex lectularius

description: The integument protects the organism against penetration of xenobiotics
 and water that would potentially interfere with homeostasis. In insects
 that play key roles in a variety of agricultural and ecological habitats,
 this inward barrier has barely been investigated. In order to advance
 knowledge in this field, we studied integumental barrier (cuticle)
 permeability in the two global pests Trialeurodes vaporariorum (greenhouse
 whitefly) and Cimex lectularius (bedbug), applying a simple
 dye-penetration assay. In agreement with our recent findings in Drosophila
 melanogaster, we show that the surface of these insects is regionalised.
 We also show that, in contrast to the single barrier in D. melanogaster,
 two barriers with distinct temperature-sensitive and lipid-based
 physico-chemical material properties act in parallel to protect these
 insects against penetration of hydrophilic molecules. These findings imply
 the existence of unexplored mechanisms by which the cuticle acts as a
 protective coat against the penetration of water and xenobiotics,
 including pollutants and insecticides.
description: Whole_fly_temperatureImages showing not only wings (as in the published version), but whole whiteflies stained with Eosin Y.Whole_fly_doublebarrierImages showing whole animals stained with Eosin Y.chitosan&chitinEosinYChitosan and chitin stain equally with Eoisn Y at room temperature.Chitin_unstainedChitosan_unstained
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gr6dq
title: Data from: Sperm as arbiters of environmentally induced paternal effects in a livebearing fish

description: Until recently, paternal effects – the influence of fathers on their
 offspring due to environmental factors rather than genes – were largely
 discarded or assumed to be confined to species exhibiting paternal care.
 It is now recognised that paternal effects can be transmitted through the
 ejaculate, but unambiguous evidence for them is scarce because it is
 difficult to isolate effects operating via changes to the ejaculate from
 maternal effects driven by female mate assessment. Here we use artificial
 insemination to disentangle mate assessment from fertilisation in guppies,
 and show that paternal effects can be transmitted to offspring exclusively
 via ejaculates. We show that males fed reduced diets produce poor quality
 sperm and that offspring sired by such males (via artificial insemination)
 exhibit reduced body size at birth. These findings may have important
 implications for the many mating systems in which environmentally induced
 changes in ejaculate quality have been reported.
description: Dam
 traitsData for mothers'
 size, time to parturition, brood sizeDamtraits.txtMale offspring sperm traitsMale offspring sperm data, including CASA parameters, sperm counts, age tested and dates of birthF1 sperm traits.csvSire sperm dataCASA (sperm motility) and sperm viability of the males assigned to high and low quantity diet treatments. Sperm from these males were artificially inseminated into the females.sire sperm data.txtOffspring body size at 1 WEEKOffspring size data for 7 day old offspring. The mothers' body size (standard length) is also included (used as covariate in analysis).body size at 1 WEEK.txtOffspring body size 4 MONTHSOffspring size data taken from four month old offspring. Offspring sex is recorded (used as factor in analysis).body size 4 MONTHS.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b4217
title: Data from: Projected distributions of Southern Ocean albatrosses, petrels and fisheries as a consequence of climatic change

description: Given the major ongoing influence of environmental change on the oceans,
 there is a need to understand and predict the future distributions of
 marine species in order to plan appropriate mitigation to conserve
 vulnerable species and ecosystems. In this study we use tracking data from
 seven large seabird species of the Southern Ocean (Black-browed Albatross
 Thalassarche melanophris, Grey-headed Albatross T. chrysostoma, Northern
 Giant Petrel Macronectes halli, Southern Giant Petrel M. giganteus,
 Tristan Albatross Diomedea dabbenena Wandering Albatross D. exulans and
 White-chinned Petrel Procellaria aequinoctialis , and on fishing effort in
 two types of fisheries (characterised by low or high-bycatch rates), to
 model the associations with environmental variables (bathymetry,
 chlorophyll-a concentration, sea surface temperature and wind speed)
 through ensemble Species Distribution Models. We then project these
 distributions according to four climate change scenarios built by the
 Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change for 2050 and 2100. The
 resulting projections were consistent across scenarios, indicating that
 there is a strong likelihood of poleward shifts in distribution of
 seabirds, and several range contractions (resulting from a shift in the
 northern, but no change in the southern limit of the range in four
 species). Current trends for southerly shifts in fisheries distributions
 are also set to continue under these climate change scenarios at least
 until 2100; some of these may reflect habitat loss for target species that
 are already over-fished. It is of particular concern that a shift in the
 distribution of several highly threatened seabird species would increase
 their overlap with fisheries where there is a high-bycatch risk. Under
 such scenarios, the associated shifts in distribution of seabirds and
 increases in bycatch risk will require much-improved fisheries management
 in these sensitive areas to minimise impacts on populations in decline.
description: Data for Krüger et al.
 2017 DOI: 10.1111/ecog.02590The zip file contains
 eight folders, one with the environmental data used for modelling (Sea
 Surface Temperature SST, Chlorophyll CHLOR, Wind Speed WIND, Sea Ice Cover
 ICE, Bathymetry BATH) and their projections for each representative
 concentration pathways (RCPs) for 2050 and 2100. One folder with the
 distribution of fisheries types in .csv (geographic coordinate system,
 WGS84) and geotiff images for the species and fisheries distribution
 models (files with the name pred) and projections for each scenario. Also
 the scripts used for SDMs and GWPCA are presented in the
 file.kruger_ecog02590.zip