DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vt4b8gv21
title: Data for: Experimental elevated temperature affects bumblebee foraging and flight speed

description: Global warming threatens wild bees and their interaction with plants.
 While earlier studies have highlighted the negative effects of elevated
 temperatures on bee-plant interactions, we still lack knowledge about how
 they impact the foraging behaviours that are central to bee pollination
 activities. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated how ambient
 temperature affected the foraging behaviours of the
 bumblebee Bombus terrestris. We allowed the bumblebees to forage
 freely on artificial flowers in two climate-controlled rooms set at 24°C
 and 32°C. The colonies were alternated between the two temperatures every
 week. We recorded the flower visitation rate, flight speed, total foraging
 time, and number of foraging trips. In addition, we measured flight
 metabolic rate across a range of temperatures to assess its potential as
 an underlying mechanism. In comparison to 24°C, at 32°C flower visitation
 time decreased while flower visitation rate and flight speed increased.
 This is consistent with the reduction in flight metabolic rate recorded
 between these temperatures. At 32°C, the number of trips made by each
 worker decreased, suggesting that, despite the reduced energetic cost,
 flight in elevated temperatures may be stressful. Our results suggest that
 elevated temperatures affect bumblebee foraging behaviour and that this
 would likely disrupt plant-insect interactions.
description: # Data for: Experimental elevated temperature affects bumblebee foraging
 and flight speed This DATSETNAMEreadme.txt file was generated on
 2024-08-29 by Gerard Maxence GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Title of Dataset:
 Experimental elevated temperature affects bumblebee foraging and flight
 speed 2. Author Information Principal Investigator Contact Information
 Name: GERARD Maxence Institution: University of Mons Address: Laboratory
 of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place
 du parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium Email:
 [maxence.gerard@umons.ac.be](mailto:maxence.gerard@umons.ac.be) 3. Date of
 data collection: 2022-10-01 4. Geographic location of data collection:
 Stockholm 5. Information about funding sources that supported the
 collection of the data: This work was supported by an Interdisciplinary
 Research Environment Grant from the Swedish Research Council (grant number
 2018-06238). Maxence Gerard was also supported by a Visiting Postdoctoral
 Researcher Grant from the Wenner-Gren Stiftelserna (grant number
 UPD2021-0044), as well as a postdoctoral grant Charg de Recherches from
 the Belgian Fonds pour la Recherche FNRS. SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 1.
 Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: NA 2. Links to publications that
 cite or use the data: Not available yet 3. Links to other publicly
 accessible locations of the data: NA 4. Links/relationships to ancillary
 data sets: NA 5. Was data derived from another source? No 6. Recommended
 citation for this dataset: Gerard, M. et al. 2024. Experimental elevated
 temperature affects bumblebee foraging and flight speed. Dryad Digital
 Repository DATA & FILE OVERVIEW 1. File List: * Dataset containing all
 the foraging data and data about the metabolic rate * R code of the
 corresponding analyses 1. Relationship between files, if important: NA 2.
 Additional related data collected that was not included in the current
 data package: NA 3. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? no
 METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION 1. Description of methods used for
 collection/generation of data: * For the foraging time and the number of
 foraging trips: measure using cameras at the entrance of the bumblebee
 colony * For the visitation time and rate: visual measure by following the
 bumblebees on the flowers * For the metabolic rate: Flow-through
 respirometry For more details, see the related paper. 1. Methods for
 processing the data: * The method for processing the metabolic rate and
 behavioural data are detailed in the related paper. 1. Instrument- or
 software-specific information needed to interpret the data: * We used the
 software R package to run the statistical analysis, including the
 following packages: "lme4", "DHARMa",
 "AICcmodavg", "emmeans" and "multcomp" 1.
 Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: NA 2.
 Environmental/experimental conditions: NA 3. Describe any
 quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: NA 4. People involved
 with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: Msc Clara
 Sisquella, Msc Erika Gardelin, Dr. Kevin Roberts, Dr. Philipp Lehmann, Msc
 Guadalupe Sepalveda-Rodriguez, Dr. Maxence Gerard and Dr. Emily Baird
 DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: **Foraging time** 1. Number of variables: 8
 2. Number of cases/rows: 906 3. Variable List: * ID: ID of the bee *
 Colony: name of the colony * Session: Session of the experiment *
 Treatment: Ambient temperature (Hot or Optimal) * ForagingTime: durating
 of the foraging trip (minutes) * Day: day of the measurment * Sequence:
 sequence of the temperature experimented (1, 2 or 3) * Time: AM or PM 1.
 Missing data codes: NA 2. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used:
 NA DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: **Visitation rate** 1. Number of
 variables: 10 2. Number of cases/rows: 574 3. Variable List: * ID: ID of
 the bee * Colony: name of the colony * Treatment: Ambient temperature (Hot
 or Optimal) * Session: Session of the experiment * FlowersPerMinute:
 Number of flowers visited per minute * TotalTime: total time of the
 measurement, in seconds * VisitingRate: Numbers of flowers visited in the
 Total Time * Day: day of the measurment * Sequence: sequence of the
 temperature experimented (1, 2 or 3) * Time: AM or PM 1. Missing data
 codes: NA 2. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: NA
 DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: **Visitation time** 1. Number of variables:
 8 2. Number of cases/rows: 23055 3. Variable List: * ID: ID of the bee *
 Colony: name of the colony * Treatment: Ambient temperature (Hot or
 Optimal) * Day: day of the measurment * Time: AM or PM *
 Visitationtime(s): time spent on a flower (seconds) * Session: Session of
 the experiment * Sequence: sequence of the temperature experimented (1, 2
 or 3) 1. Missing data codes: NA 2. Specialized formats or other
 abbreviations used: NA DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: **Number of Foraging
 trips** 1. Number of variables: 8 2. Number of cases/rows: 1116 3.
 Variable List: * ID: ID of the bee * Colony: name of the colony * Session:
 Session of the experiment * Treatment: Ambient temperature (Hot or
 Optimal) * Nbforagingtrips: Number of foraging trips within a half day *
 Day: day of the measurment * Sequence: sequence of the temperature
 experimented (1, 2 or 3) * Time: AM or PM 1. Missing data codes: NA 2.
 Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: NA DATA-SPECIFIC
 INFORMATION FOR: **Flight speed** 1. Number of variables: 6 2. Number of
 cases/rows: 51 3. Variable List: * ID: ID of the bee * Treatment: Ambient
 temperature (Hot or Optimal) * Colony: name of the colony * Day: day of
 the measurment * Time: AM or PM * Velocity: velocity in mm/s 1. Missing
 data codes: NA 2. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: NA
 DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: **Metabolic rate** 1. Number of variables:
 6 2. Number of cases/rows: 59 3. Variable List: * mass: mass of the bee
 (g) * temp: temperature while measuring the metabolic rate * vCO2: volume
 of CO2 (ml/min/g) * vO2: volume of 02 (ml/min/g) * flying: 0 + no, 1 = yes
 * Colony: name of the colony 1. Missing data codes: NA 2. Specialized
 formats or other abbreviations used: NA