cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4476077
title: On the Practitioners' Understanding of Coupling Smells -- A Grey Literature Based Grounded-Theory Study: Dataset and Code

description: This is the dataset and related code artifact for the article "On the Practitioners' Understanding of Coupling Smells -- A Grey Literature Based Grounded-Theory Study". Abstract of the article: Context: Code and design smells, such as the coupling smells examined in this article, are widely studied. Existing empirical studies reveal gaps between the scientific theory and practice, not yet explained by the scientific literature. Only basic coupling smell detection approaches and metrics seem to have been transferred to practice so far. Objective: This article aims to study the current practitioner's understanding of coupling smells. Method: Based on grey literature sources containing practitioner views on coupling smells, we performed a Grounded Theory (GT) study. We used UML-based modeling to precisely encode our findings and performed a rigorous analysis of our codes and models. Results: Our results are defining factors of coupling smells, as well as smell impacts, trade-offs, relationships to other smells, relationships to practices and patterns, and fix options as perceived by practitioners. We further identified gaps in the understanding of coupling smells between science and practice, and derived opportunities and challenges for future scientific work. Conclusions: Five lessons are presented as opportunities and challenges for future research. Our results can help scientists to get a better understanding of practitioner concerns, and practitioners to get an overview of the current perception of other practitioners on coupling smells.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4476076
title: On the Practitioners' Understanding of Coupling Smells -- A Grey Literature Based Grounded-Theory Study: Dataset and Code

description: This is the dataset and related code artifact for the article "On the Practitioners' Understanding of Coupling Smells -- A Grey Literature Based Grounded-Theory Study". Abstract of the article: Context: Code and design smells, such as the coupling smells examined in this article, are widely studied. Existing empirical studies reveal gaps between the scientific theory and practice, not yet explained by the scientific literature. Only basic coupling smell detection approaches and metrics seem to have been transferred to practice so far. Objective: This article aims to study the current practitioner's understanding of coupling smells. Method: Based on grey literature sources containing practitioner views on coupling smells, we performed a Grounded Theory (GT) study. We used UML-based modeling to precisely encode our findings and performed a rigorous analysis of our codes and models. Results: Our results are defining factors of coupling smells, as well as smell impacts, trade-offs, relationships to other smells, relationships to practices and patterns, and fix options as perceived by practitioners. We further identified gaps in the understanding of coupling smells between science and practice, and derived opportunities and challenges for future scientific work. Conclusions: Five lessons are presented as opportunities and challenges for future research. Our results can help scientists to get a better understanding of practitioner concerns, and practitioners to get an overview of the current perception of other practitioners on coupling smells.
DOI: 10.21250/db4
title: OCR text derived from digitised books published 1810 - 1819. ALTO XML.

description: This set consists 2338 volumes, published between 1810-1819.  The dataset comprises text from the collection of digitised books created using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. The books cover a wide range of subject areas including philosophy, history, poetry and literature. The dataset is in Analysed Layout and Text Object (ALTO) Extensible Markup Language (XML) format.
DOI: 10.5519/qd.q7tqtrwi
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (1 records)
DOI: 10.21250/db3
title: OCR text derived from digitised books published 1800 - 1809. ALTO XML.

description: This set consists 1502 volumes, published between 1800-1809.  The dataset comprises text from the collection of digitised books created using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. The books cover a wide range of subject areas including philosophy, history, poetry and literature. The dataset is in Analysed Layout and Text Object (ALTO) Extensible Markup Language (XML) format.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13656040.v1
title: Dataset(CSV file) from Analysing the impact of global demographic characteristics over the COVID-19 spread using class rule mining and pattern matching

description: Global Demographic Characteristics and COVID-19 Infections dataset
DOI: 10.21250/db2
title: OCR text derived from digitised books published 1700 - 1799. ALTO XML.

description: This set consists 2070 volumes, published between 1700-1799.  The dataset comprises text from the collection of digitised books created using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. The books cover a wide range of subject areas including philosophy, history, poetry and literature. The dataset is in Analysed Layout and Text Object (ALTO) Extensible Markup Language (XML) format.
DOI: 10.21250/db1
title: OCR text derived from digitised books published c. 1510 - 1699. ALTO XML.

description: This set consists 693 volumes, published between c. 1510 - 1699.  The dataset comprises text from the collection of digitised books created using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. The books cover a wide range of subject areas including philosophy, history, poetry and literature. The dataset is in Analysed Layout and Text Object (ALTO) Extensible Markup Language (XML) format.
DOI: 10.15468/42n79m
title: A new species of the genus Lamellitettigodes (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from PR China, with taxonomic notes on the genus

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Lu, Yong-Zhong, Zha, Ling-Sheng (2020): A new species of the genus Lamellitettigodes (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from PR China, with taxonomic notes on the genus. Zootaxa 4851 (2): 338-348, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4851.2.7
DOI: 10.21250/db7
title: OCR text derived from digitised books published 1840 - 1849. ALTO XML.

description: This set consists 4070 volumes, published between 1840-1849.  The dataset comprises text from the collection of digitised books created using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology. The books cover a wide range of subject areas including philosophy, history, poetry and literature. The dataset is in Analysed Layout and Text Object (ALTO) Extensible Markup Language (XML) format.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13656050
title: supplemental table

description: <b>The table of Primer sequences; </b><b>Comparison of experimental parameters of rats in each group; </b><b>Changes of cardiac function index of rats in each group.</b><b> </b>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13656050.v1
title: supplemental table

description: <b>The table of Primer sequences; </b><b>Comparison of experimental parameters of rats in each group; </b><b>Changes of cardiac function index of rats in each group.</b><b> </b>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11400558
title: A statistical approach to the morphological classification of <i>Prunus</i> sp. seeds

description: The use of digital image analysis for discriminating between and comparing groups of seeds is becoming an increasingly common practice in taxonomic studies. For this type of study, many variables, concerning different kinds of data such as size, texture and shape, are generally used as inputs in statistical algorithms without any data pre-processing, thereby generating problems with noise and the consistency of the process for new samples. We propose an approach in which the variables for each kind of data are separately pre-processed by performing principal component analysis and Fourier analysis. Furthermore, the accuracy of the different kinds of data is measured by comparing the results obtained using several classification algorithms: k-Nearest Neighbour, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines and Random Forest. We have taken as a case study the seeds of 19 cultivars of Sardinian <i>Prunus domestica</i> L. and four cultivars referable to other <i>Prunus</i> species. The combination of size, texture and shape data was able to perform well in discriminating between the seeds of <i>Prunus</i> sp. The present study confirms that image analysis techniques combined with the pre-processing of data are a useful tool for taxonomic investigation in plant biology and for discrimination at the cultivar level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11400558.v1
title: A statistical approach to the morphological classification of <i>Prunus</i> sp. seeds

description: The use of digital image analysis for discriminating between and comparing groups of seeds is becoming an increasingly common practice in taxonomic studies. For this type of study, many variables, concerning different kinds of data such as size, texture and shape, are generally used as inputs in statistical algorithms without any data pre-processing, thereby generating problems with noise and the consistency of the process for new samples. We propose an approach in which the variables for each kind of data are separately pre-processed by performing principal component analysis and Fourier analysis. Furthermore, the accuracy of the different kinds of data is measured by comparing the results obtained using several classification algorithms: k-Nearest Neighbour, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machines and Random Forest. We have taken as a case study the seeds of 19 cultivars of Sardinian <i>Prunus domestica</i> L. and four cultivars referable to other <i>Prunus</i> species. The combination of size, texture and shape data was able to perform well in discriminating between the seeds of <i>Prunus</i> sp. The present study confirms that image analysis techniques combined with the pre-processing of data are a useful tool for taxonomic investigation in plant biology and for discrimination at the cultivar level.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12854575
title: Coastal saltmarsh vegetation in Sicily (Italy): phytosociological insights and plant diversity

description: This paper reports a phytosociological survey on the perennial halophilous vegetation of the coastal salt marshes in Sicily. Data available from the literature have been supplemented with original relevés performed in different salt marshes in Sicily. A total of 470 relevés according to the standard procedures of the Braun-Blanquet method were processed. For the definition of plant communities and alliances, hierarchical clustering was performed by using Bray-Curtis coefficient and Detrended Correspondence Analysis ordination methods. The <i>Salicornietea fruticosae</i> class is represented in Sicily by two, floristically and ecologically well differentiated, orders: <i>Salicornietalia fruticosae</i>, including seven alliances (<i>Arthrocnemion macrostachyi, Inulion crithmoides</i>, <i>Limoniastrion monopetali</i>, <i>Limonion ferulacei</i>, <i>Salicornion fruticosae</i>, <i>Sarcocornion alpinii</i>, <i>Suaedion verae</i>), and <i>Halocnemetalia cruciati</i>, including only one alliance (<i>Halocnemion cruciati</i>). Within this class, 12 plant associations were recognized, of which a new association (<i>Junco subulati-Limonietum narbonense</i>), included in the <i>Salicornion fruticosae</i> alliance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12854575.v1
title: Coastal saltmarsh vegetation in Sicily (Italy): phytosociological insights and plant diversity

description: This paper reports a phytosociological survey on the perennial halophilous vegetation of the coastal salt marshes in Sicily. Data available from the literature have been supplemented with original relevés performed in different salt marshes in Sicily. A total of 470 relevés according to the standard procedures of the Braun-Blanquet method were processed. For the definition of plant communities and alliances, hierarchical clustering was performed by using Bray-Curtis coefficient and Detrended Correspondence Analysis ordination methods. The <i>Salicornietea fruticosae</i> class is represented in Sicily by two, floristically and ecologically well differentiated, orders: <i>Salicornietalia fruticosae</i>, including seven alliances (<i>Arthrocnemion macrostachyi, Inulion crithmoides</i>, <i>Limoniastrion monopetali</i>, <i>Limonion ferulacei</i>, <i>Salicornion fruticosae</i>, <i>Sarcocornion alpinii</i>, <i>Suaedion verae</i>), and <i>Halocnemetalia cruciati</i>, including only one alliance (<i>Halocnemion cruciati</i>). Within this class, 12 plant associations were recognized, of which a new association (<i>Junco subulati-Limonietum narbonense</i>), included in the <i>Salicornion fruticosae</i> alliance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13182399
title: Woody plant species diversity of the coastal forests of Kenya: filling in knowledge gaps in a biodiversity hotspot

description: The coastal forests of Kenya are global biodiversity hotspots known for rich plant diversity and endemism. They exist as fragmented forest islands, and their current conservation status and quantitative trends in plant diversity are understudied. We investigated these knowledge gaps by providing a comprehensive literature review and comparing to field data collected using standardized sampling protocol. Our goals were to build a robust basis for future analyses, biodiversity monitoring, and to understand the role of fragment area in determining species richness. We recorded a total of 937 woody species belonging to 88 families in 30 forest patches from reviewed and sampled data. Species richness per site from literature review was affected by biases in data scarcity, forest size and variation in sampling methods. In general, large forests reserves of Shimba hills and Arabuko exhibited a high number of cumulative species compared to smaller forest patches. Species-area relationship showed a significant proportion of species richness per forest was determined by forest area, according to Arrhenius model. This study is the first to review forest patch woody plant species diversity knowledge gaps in the coastal forests of Kenya, and the resulting comparison provides the first quantitative overview and foundation of these forests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11341496
title: A revision of the syntaxonomy of the Apennine-Balkan <i>Quercus cerris</i> and <i>Q. frainetto</i> forests and correct application of the name <i>Melittio-Quercion frainetto</i>

description: <i>Melittio-Quercion frainetto</i> and <i>Melittio-Quercion confertae</i> are two alliances, which were proposed about simultaneously 40 years ago through two different papers regarding southern Italy and southern Greece, respectively. The aims of this paper are to establish valid name, nomenclatural type and distribution range of these two alliances and to verify whether they display a sufficient degree of syntaxonomic autonomy when compared to the ecologically and geographically neighbouring alliances. A data matrix composed of 43 frequency columns summing 1242 phytosociological relevés x 625 taxa was prepared and statistically analysed. The results suggested that the thermophilous <i>Quercus cerris</i> and <i>Q. frainetto</i> oak woods of the southern Apennines and the southern Balkans deserve to be classified in two separated alliances. The application of the principle IV of the ICPN established that the correct name of the alliance is <i>Melittio albidae-Quercion frainetto</i> Barbéro, Bonin, Gamisans et Quézel in Bonin et Gamisans 1976 and that it was typified in southern Italy. Accordingly, the new name <i>Geranio asphodeloidis-Quercion frainetto</i> is here proposed for southern Greece in substitution of <i>Melittio-Quercion confertae</i> (<i>nom. illeg</i>.). The syntaxonomic proposal advanced in this paper brings significant modifications in the current version of the checklist of the European syntaxa (Eurovegchecklist).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11341496.v3
title: A revision of the syntaxonomy of the Apennine-Balkan <i>Quercus cerris</i> and <i>Q. frainetto</i> forests and correct application of the name <i>Melittio-Quercion frainetto</i>

description: <i>Melittio-Quercion frainetto</i> and <i>Melittio-Quercion confertae</i> are two alliances, which were proposed about simultaneously 40 years ago through two different papers regarding southern Italy and southern Greece, respectively. The aims of this paper are to establish valid name, nomenclatural type and distribution range of these two alliances and to verify whether they display a sufficient degree of syntaxonomic autonomy when compared to the ecologically and geographically neighbouring alliances. A data matrix composed of 43 frequency columns summing 1242 phytosociological relevés x 625 taxa was prepared and statistically analysed. The results suggested that the thermophilous <i>Quercus cerris</i> and <i>Q. frainetto</i> oak woods of the southern Apennines and the southern Balkans deserve to be classified in two separated alliances. The application of the principle IV of the ICPN established that the correct name of the alliance is <i>Melittio albidae-Quercion frainetto</i> Barbéro, Bonin, Gamisans et Quézel in Bonin et Gamisans 1976 and that it was typified in southern Italy. Accordingly, the new name <i>Geranio asphodeloidis-Quercion frainetto</i> is here proposed for southern Greece in substitution of <i>Melittio-Quercion confertae</i> (<i>nom. illeg</i>.). The syntaxonomic proposal advanced in this paper brings significant modifications in the current version of the checklist of the European syntaxa (Eurovegchecklist).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13182399.v1
title: Woody plant species diversity of the coastal forests of Kenya: filling in knowledge gaps in a biodiversity hotspot

description: The coastal forests of Kenya are global biodiversity hotspots known for rich plant diversity and endemism. They exist as fragmented forest islands, and their current conservation status and quantitative trends in plant diversity are understudied. We investigated these knowledge gaps by providing a comprehensive literature review and comparing to field data collected using standardized sampling protocol. Our goals were to build a robust basis for future analyses, biodiversity monitoring, and to understand the role of fragment area in determining species richness. We recorded a total of 937 woody species belonging to 88 families in 30 forest patches from reviewed and sampled data. Species richness per site from literature review was affected by biases in data scarcity, forest size and variation in sampling methods. In general, large forests reserves of Shimba hills and Arabuko exhibited a high number of cumulative species compared to smaller forest patches. Species-area relationship showed a significant proportion of species richness per forest was determined by forest area, according to Arrhenius model. This study is the first to review forest patch woody plant species diversity knowledge gaps in the coastal forests of Kenya, and the resulting comparison provides the first quantitative overview and foundation of these forests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11460405.v1
title: Seed contaminants: an overlooked pathway for the introduction of non-native plants in Sardinia (Italy)

description: The accidental introduction of alien plants through contaminated seed is a source of new incursions and subsequent invasions that can impact natural habitats, agriculture and forestry. While seed lots for agricultural crops are often well regulated through a certification process, the trade of many other types of seeds is largely unregulated. Here, we evaluate the risk of seed lots trade as a pathway for invasive alien plant species in Sardinia (Italy), by identifying and quantifying the presence of contaminant species. The study included uncertified commercial seeds as well as the ones sold as pet feed. We randomly sampled 39 seed packets, from multiple sources, including novel forage crops under experimental testing (Fc), flower mixtures (Fm), recreational lawn mixtures (Lm) and pet feed (Pf). Germination and viability were analysed on the seed commodity of Pf. A total of 231 contaminant species was found, belonging to 88 genera and 34 families. Moreover, among the contaminants, the non-native invasive agricultural weeds <i>Amaranthus</i> sp. pl. and <i>Echinochloa</i> sp. pl. were found. Our results showed that unregulated seed contaminants are associated with a high risk of non-native plants entry and their potential establishment in Sardinia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12073350
title: The segetal flora of winter cereals and allied crops in Italy: species inventory with chorological, structural and ecological features

description: We present the first inventory of the segetal flora of Italian winter cereal crops and allied crop types. The database consists of over 30,000 records, derived from different sources. We provide information and analyses on life forms, chorotypes, Ellenberg indicator values and preferential habitats of the flora. The inventory includes 987 vascular taxa and nothotaxa (868 species, 118 subspecies and 1 nothosubspecies), belonging to 354 genera and 55 families. Characteristic segetal species are 128, while 740 are generalist or accidental species from other habitats. Species exclusive of segetal habitats are 47. One species is extinct, and one is not confirmed in Italy. We recorded 42 neophytes, 15 archaeophytes and 10 cryptogenic species. Segetal species that are threatened in Europe are 45. Species in the Italian Red List are four, and five are threatened endemic species. The most frequent species are <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> (1,045 records)<i>, Convolvulus arvensis</i> (623) and <i>Ranunculus arvensis</i> (571). Most species are therophytes (64%) and have a Mediterranean (36%), wide (14%) or eastern (13%) distribution range. Mean Ellenberg indicator values revealed relevant ecological affinities between the inventoried flora and cultivated winter cereals. Our work represents the basis for future applied studies in botany, ecology and agronomy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12073350.v1
title: The segetal flora of winter cereals and allied crops in Italy: species inventory with chorological, structural and ecological features

description: We present the first inventory of the segetal flora of Italian winter cereal crops and allied crop types. The database consists of over 30,000 records, derived from different sources. We provide information and analyses on life forms, chorotypes, Ellenberg indicator values and preferential habitats of the flora. The inventory includes 987 vascular taxa and nothotaxa (868 species, 118 subspecies and 1 nothosubspecies), belonging to 354 genera and 55 families. Characteristic segetal species are 128, while 740 are generalist or accidental species from other habitats. Species exclusive of segetal habitats are 47. One species is extinct, and one is not confirmed in Italy. We recorded 42 neophytes, 15 archaeophytes and 10 cryptogenic species. Segetal species that are threatened in Europe are 45. Species in the Italian Red List are four, and five are threatened endemic species. The most frequent species are <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> (1,045 records)<i>, Convolvulus arvensis</i> (623) and <i>Ranunculus arvensis</i> (571). Most species are therophytes (64%) and have a Mediterranean (36%), wide (14%) or eastern (13%) distribution range. Mean Ellenberg indicator values revealed relevant ecological affinities between the inventoried flora and cultivated winter cereals. Our work represents the basis for future applied studies in botany, ecology and agronomy.