cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291252
title: A chemophenetic study of the genus Maytenus s.l. (Celastraceae): contribution to the rational search of its bioactive metabolites

description: Abstract Maytenus s.l. is a genus of the Celastraceae family and many of its species are used in traditional medicine. Most of the substances responsible for the biological activities of plants come from their secondary metabolism, such as terpenoids and flavonoids, which have multiple functions in the plant and can occur in a similar way in plant groups. Chemophenetics analyzes the occurrence of these substances in a taxon and can infer evolutionary trends and contribute to the rational search for new drugs. Chemosystematic parameters were used to analyze the data obtained through a bibliographic survey. The species of Maytenus s.l. were separated into three groups: species with accepted names, synonymous species with the genus Monteverdia and synonymous species with the genus Gymnosporia. Due to their great occurrence and structural variety in Maytenus s.l., triterpenes were chosen as chemosystematic markers, with friedelanes and quinone methide triterpenes being the most expressive types. Studies have already demonstrated the analgesic potential of quinone methides and the antitumor potential of phenolic triterpenes and dimers of these units. Together, the three classes assist in the circumscription of Maytenus s.s. and Monteverdia, while lupanes can be used in the separation of these genera. Oleanans are representative of Gymnosporia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291250
title: Non-polar extracts of Nicotiana glauca (Solanaceae) induce apoptosis in human rhabdomyosarcoma cells

description: Abstract Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft-tissue tumour in children and adolescents. It originates in normal skeletal muscle from myogenic cells that have failed to fully differentiate, and it usually has a poor prognosis. Current RMS therapy has many adverse effects. Hence, new treatments are needed. Various pharmacological properties, such as analgesic, antineoplastic, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic properties, have been demonstrated in species of the Solanaceae family. We performed ethanolic extraction from leaves of Nicotiana glauca (Solanaceae), and the extract was successively partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. We evaluated the effects of extracts on RMS cells, and we found that the extracts trigger apoptosis. By bio-guided fractionation assays, we identified the apoptotic agents. Morphological assessment after apoptotic cell induction of cultured cells, mitochondrial and nuclear morphology by Mitotracker, and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining, respectively, were analysed in fluorescent microscopy. The capacity of the cells to migrate or proliferate was analysed by the Petit assay, followed by methylene blue staining. NMR and GC-MS spectrometry were used to identify palmitic acid and scopoletin as the phytochemicals responsible for the observed effects. These results indicate that these compounds are apoptotic inducers and they could be useful as chemotherapeutic agents against muscle tumours.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291247
title: Qualitative terpene profiling of Cannabis varieties cultivated for medical purposes

description: Abstract With the upcoming medical Cannabis regulation, quality control methods on raw material will be required. Besides testing for contaminants and potency, there are also pharmaceutical and forensic interests in the determination of the terpene profile in different strains of Cannabis as complementary identification methods. A simple non-destructive HS-SPME GC-MS method was used to identify the terpene content in twelve Cannabis samples, four of them were of the hemp type (Harle-tsu), seven from various marihuana types and one of the intermediate type. They all were previously analyzed by HPLC to determine the potency (THC and CBD content). Spectral library matching was used to identify the terpenes compounds. Thirty terpenes compounds were detected, nine of them were present in all Cannabis samples and used to find their terpene profile: α-pinene, β-pinene, β-myrcene, D-limonene, terpinolene, linalool, caryophyllene, α-bergamotene and humulene. Three of them, caryophyllene, α-pinene and β-myrcene were found as larger components in most of samples. A principal components analyses (PCA) was performed. The four hemp type samples showed two different profiles, two samples showed caryophyllene as main component and the others two with β-myrcene as such. The marihuana type samples showed wider profiles with no clear patterns at all, which is not surprising because of the low number of samples. The simple methodology shows viable to set the terpenes profile for analyses of raw Cannabis material. Suitability for differentiation between different sorts of types needs more studies, with increasing numbers of samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291246
title: Investigation of wound healing activity of Lafoensia pacari (Lythraceae) leaves extract cultivated in Goiás state, Brazil

description: Abstract Lafoensia pacari has been used in traditional folk medicine in Brazilian Cerrado to treat wounds. It is important to develop studies that can clarify how the biological activity of L. pacari occurs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing activity of L. pacari leaves extract in an animal model. The extract was prepared from plants cultivated in Goiania-GO, Brazil. The healing activity was assayed using cutaneous wound model in rats, and macroscopic, morphometric and histological analysis of wounds were also conducted. The presence of hydrolysable tannins was detected in thin layer chromatography and in high performance liquid chromatography analysis, may be suggested the presence of ellagitannins. In the evaluation of cutaneous wounds in rats it was possible to observe that the treatment with 10% (w/v) L. pacari extract provided a reduction in the time of cutaneous wound healing, with a significant increase in variables involved in healing, such as the number of blood vessels and collagen production. Therefore, this study shows that L. pacari wound healing potential may be related to the presence of ellagitannins and corroborates to ethnopharmacological reports regarding this plant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291245
title: Phytochemical screening and biological assays of ethanolic leaf extract of Senna rugosa

description: Abstract Senna rugosa (Fabaceae) is a common specie of the Brazilian territory, especially in the Cerrado biome. It is widely used in the popular medicine although not yet adequately investigated as to its phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities. In this study, the preliminary phytochemical analysis of ethanolic leaf extract of S. rugosa was performed and its cytotoxicity, antitumoral and antimicrobial activities (antibacterial, antifungal, anti-Trypanosoma and anti-Leishmania) were evaluated. The crude extract was analyzed in HPLC-DAD and fractions were also characterized using GC-MS and ESI-MS techniques. Results indicate phenolic compounds majority presence, including flavonol, anthraquinone and anthrones derivatives. Relative antimicrobial activities were detected against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida famata, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis. As well as, a weak anti-trypanosomatids activity against M2269 strain and BH46 strain of Leishmania sp. A relative antitumoral activity was also identified but in counterpoint were also observed a toxicity in fibroblast cells (L929). Phytochemically, results provide evidence that phenolic compounds in S. rugosa leaves might be the responsible for its antimicrobial activity and cell toxicity inferred in our research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291243
title: Chemical composition and antinociceptive activity of volatile fractions of the aerial parts of Solidago chilensis (Compositae)

description: Abstract Thirty-six compounds were identified from aerial parts of Solidago chilensis cultivated at PAF/FIOCRUZ campus in Rio de Janeiro city (RJ) using solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. These compounds are mainly non-oxygenated mono and sesquiterpenes. Germacrene D is the major compound of two the essential oil analyzed samples (12 to 23%) and of two of the volatiles samples analyzed by SPME (central stems and dry inflorescences samples). Limonene is the major compound in the fresh inflorescences sample (about 21%). The bornil acetate is present in both volatile fractions (16%) and essential oils (7-8%). All the essential oils samples evaluated shown a great antinociceptive activity, considering the used dose of the samples (1 mg/kg) and the standard substance (50 mg/kg). Solidago chilensis is one of Brazil arnicas and it is a medicinal plant widely used by the brazilian population. Other plants of the genus Solidago are also used in traditional medicine in North America and Europe. This is the first report of SPME analysis from Solidago genus and of the antinociceptive effect from Solidago chilensis essential oil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291241
title: Bioactivities of essential oils from different parts of Spiranthera odoratissima (Rutaceae)

description: Abstract This paper aims to investigate, for the first time, in vitro antitubercular, antileishmanial and antiproliferative activities of essential oils (EOs) from S. odoratissima leaves and flowers - grown in midwestern Brazil - against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis and human tumor cell lines. Antimycobacterial activity of EOs was evaluated in terms of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). EOs from leaves and flowers showed to be active antimicrobials against M. tuberculosis, since MIC values were 150 µg/mL and 162.5 µg/mL, respectively. Both EOs exhibited significant activity against promastigote forms of L. amazonensis; IC50 values (50% growth inhibition) were 14.36 ± 2.02 (EOs from leaves) and 19.89 ± 2.66 µg/mL (EOs from flowers). Antiproliferative activity in normal (GM07492A, lung fibroblasts) and tumor (MCF-7, HeLa and M059J) cell lines was performed by the XTT assay; results were expressed as IC50 (50% cell growth inhibition) and the selective index was calculated. IC50 values of EOs from leaves and flowers obtained in normal cell lines for were 502.97 ± 40.33 µg/mL and 370.60 ± 2.01 µg/mL, respectively. Antiproliferative activity was observed against human tumor cell lines, whose IC50 values were significantly lower than those obtained in normal cell lines of MCF-7 cells (367.57 ± 4.46 µg/mL-EOs from leaves and 357.70 ± 1.85 µg/mL-EOs from flowers) and M059J cells (492.53 ± 56.67 µg/mL-EOs from leaves and 324.90 ± 6.72 µg/mL-EOs from flowers), thus, indicating selectivity. These in vitro results showed that EOs from S. odoratissima may be an antimycobacterial, antiparasitic and antitumor agent.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291238
title: Can natural products improve skin photoprotection?

description: Abstract Due to increased UV radiation on the Earth’s surface, caused by depletion of the stratospheric ozone, people have become more susceptible to different types of skin damage, such as erythema, sunburns, and cancer; this is especially of concern in tropical countries. Thus, efforts to improve awareness as well as the use of sunscreen are increasing worldwide. However, synthetic UV filters have been associated with deleterious effects such as photosensitization. Natural products have been used by ancient cultures for several purposes, including protecting the skin from the sun. However, there is still doubt today whether photoprotection is a real phenomenom or whether it is simply tanning of the skin. Plants have self-protective mechanisms and produce secondary metabolites that can protect themselves from UV radiation. Yet, can phytochemical compounds protect human skin? This review discusses the paradoxical effect of chemical UV filters and the influence of phytochemicals in in vitro and in vivo tests of photoprotection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291237
title: Development of a gas chromatography method for quantification of triterpenes in the commercial oleoresins from Protium species

description: Abstract Crude non-volatile oleoresin from Burseraceae species (breu), a non-timber forest product of the Amazon, still lacks methods for its quality control even though its pharmacological activities have been associated to the major triterpenes α-amyrin (αAA), β-amyrin, α-amyrenone, β-amyrenone and lupeol (LU). Its chemical characterization has usually been determined by gas chromatography (GC) using columns with phases of low polarity, which are ineffective in the separation of αAA and LU. The present study aimed to develop a GC method to characterize and quantify triterpenes in commercial breu with good selectivity and resolution. Columns with phases of different polarity (DB-35, DB-1701, DB-17HT and DB-Innowax) were tested, and DB-17HT separated αAA and LU without signal suppression or high retention of other constituents. This column allowed the quantification of breu triterpenes using flame ionization detection and cholesterol as a reference standard. Good similarity between the calibration curves of cholesterol and αAA was verified. Internal and external standardizations led to different (p &lt; 0.05) quantifications, but the latter showed less deviation (RSD ≤ 3%). This work provides a reproducible GC method for the quality control of commercial breu, clearly evidencing the presence of lupeol and allowing the accurate quantification of major triterpenes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291235
title: Rediscovering the deciduous forest in Espírito Santo: the case of São João de Petrópolis, Santa Teresa

description: Abstract In this study we analyzed climatic data, a water balance model, and data on tree deciduousness aiming to determine the physiognomy of a forest in São João de Petrópolis, central Espírito Santo, Brazil. We hypothesized that the studied forest stand would be a remnant of the deciduous forests that were reported by naturalists in both centuries XIX and XX, even though the current Vegetation Map of Brazil indicates only dense rainforests for this place. Data obtained from a local weather station indicate that climate in the site is hot and with seasonal distribution of rainfall. Although the dry season has lasted in average six months (April-September), dry periods longer than six months were recurrent throughout the four last decades. Among the 354 trees that were sampled in the upper storey at the end of the dry season, 65.2% had no foliage, 18.1% had partial foliage, and 16.7% had full foliage. Percentages of deciduous trees were higher than 60% in all height classes of the upper storey. These attributes, as well as some records of tree species that are typical of seasonal forests, confirm that the forest is seasonal deciduous. Our results refine the Vegetation Map of Brazil and may foment discussions about the controversial classification of the forests of Espírito Santo state.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291232
title: Antiviral activity and chemical characterization of Cissus erosa (Vitaceae) ethanol extracts

description: Abstract Cissus erosa (Vitaceae), popularly known in Brazil as Cipó-fogo, is a medicinal plant used in the treatment of warts and external ulcers. The present study aimed to evaluate the activity of stems and leaves ethanol extracts of C. erosa against the Dengue and Zika virus by the MTT colorimetric method and to carry on the phytochemical characterization of active extracts by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Only the leaves ethanol extract showed anti-Dengue virus activity EC50 18.2 µg/ml (SI &gt; 27.5) and low cytotoxicity for LLCMK2 cells (CC50 &gt; 500 mg/ml). Both extracts (stems and leaves) showed anti-Zika virus activity with EC50 of 45.8 mg/ml and 82.8 mg/ml, respectively. These extracts presented CC50 of 309.2 µg/ml (leaves) and 387.6 µg/ml (stems) to Vero cells. Analysis by CCD and HPLC-DAD detected the presence of triterpenes, steroids, flavonoids and tannins. UPLC-MS analyses of these extracts, allowed the identification of the majority of flavonoids present known as vitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoorientin and two flavones derivatives, methoxyluteolin-6(8)-C-hexosyl and luteolin-7,4’-di-O-glycosylflavone. The results of the phytochemical studies here described suggest that flavonoids and terpenoids are the substances that contribute to the antiviral activity of the ethanol extracts within this species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291230
title: Quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds in crude extracts of Myrcia splendens leaves by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS

description: Abstract Myrcia splendens is popularly known as “guamirim-de-folha-miúda”, and its occurrence ranges from Mexico to southern Brazil. The aim of this work was to identify and quantify phenolic compounds in the crude hydroalcoholic (EBH), ethyl acetate (EBAE) and dichloromethane (EBDM) extracts using the HPLC-ESI- MS/MS. In total, 15 compounds, including protocatecuic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, salicylic acid, isoquercetin, ellagic acid, ferulic acid, umbelliferone, coniferaldehyde, sinapaldehyde, carnosol, gallic acid, syringaldehyde, umbelliferone, coniferaldehyde, myricetin and kaempferol were identified. Ellagic acid was the major compound in all extracts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291227
title: New accounts on Hypoxylaceae and Xylariaceae from Brazil

description: Abstract This work aims to bring new reports of Hypoxylaceae and Xylariaceae from Brazil. The collections were performed in cocoa plantations in Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil. Six new occurrences of Hypoxylaceae and two Xylariaceae species are reported to Brazil, Northeast and/or Bahia. A dichotomous key to the species treated is provided.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291226
title: Ecological relationships between orchids and phorophytes in Upper-Montane Araucaria Forest with cloud influence, Southern Plateau, Santa Catarina

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to learn about the richness and structure of epiphytic orchids and their phorophytes, to evaluate the interactions between these assemblages, and to sample host and non-host species of orchids in a remnant of Upper-Montane Araucaria Forest (FOMA). Sampling was carried out in the Serra da Farofa Complex, on a plot of 5,000 m2. Three species of orchids were sampled, colonizing 15 species of forophytes. The spatial distribution of phorophytes and orchids was aggregated. Forophytes colonized by orchids had significantly higher height and diameter at breast height (DBH) than other forophytes. Rough-type rhytidome was the most common in orchid-colonized phorophytes. Drimys angustifolia (Winteraceae) and Myrceugenia euosma (Myrtaceae) were the main forophytic species, crucial for the maintenance of orchid assemblage at this site. The information in this manuscript highlights the in-situ protection of Cattleya coccinea by its abundance at the site. This information will directly benefit the conservation and restoration of biological assemblies with characteristics like this site.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291225
title: Phytochemical study and antioxidant activity of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum

description: Abstract The chemical profile of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum has been indicated as the botanical origin of Brazilian red propolis, an apicultural product with proven therapeutic properties. However, few studies have investigated this plant species. This study evaluated and compared microbiological quality, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of stem and leaf samples of D. ecastaphyllum. The samples were collected in February 2015, in the southern region of the state of Bahia, Brazil. We performed the microbiological analyses, determined the contents of fatty acid, total phenol and flavonoid, and identified the chemical profile and antioxidant activit. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and sulfite reducing clostridial spores were not detected in the samples. Acids of the family ω3 were recorded in the stems and ω6 in the leaves. The leaves presented better nutritional quality of the fraction, better antioxidant capacity in the tests by the DPPH method and β-carotene bleaching. There were 49 chemical compounds, of which 38 belonged to the class of flavonoids. The results indicate that stems and leaves of D. ecastaphyllum have biological properties. Leaves particularly are better for functional food formulation and as natural antioxidant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291223
title: The ghost of climatic change in the geographic distribution of Tillandsia aeranthos (Bromeliaceae)

description: Abstract The geographic distribution of Tillandsia aeranthos is updated with new records. Its southern limit is extended 200 kilometers in a zone previously studied by many botanists and naturalists, but also in poorly explored areas. For this reason, the possibility that the change in distribution is recent is postulated and discussed. The coincidence of this change with the southward shift in the isohyets and the decrease of winter frost frequency are highlighted as a possible cause of the advance to the south. In addition, two petal color variants of this species are first mentioned for Argentina. The new findings display that it is necessary to further explore some dry forests of eastern Buenos Aires and study the possible consequences of the climatic change in the biota of South America.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291222
title: Campomanesia adamantium and Campomanesia pubesncens are distinct species? Use of palynology and molecular markers in taxonomy

description: Abstract The species Campomanesia adamantium and C. pubescens present a great morphological variability, with the existence of morphotypes and the indication of a possible hybridization process occurring between them. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize the Campomanesia adamantium species and morphotypes of species Campomanesia pubescens through palynological reviews and with the use of molecular markers to assist the taxonomic description of the species. The plant material was collected in the experimental field of Federal University of Jataí, in bloom of 2014, and analyzes were performed in the Morphology Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy and in the Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding belonging to the same institution. Analysis of scanning electron microscopy was performed at the Federal University of Lavras. Important information was found that reinforce the possibility of cross between Campomanesia adamantium and Campomanesia pubescens, generating morphotypes intermediaries, indicating a possible hybridisation process. It can be concluded that Campomanesia adamantium is farthest from the morphotype 2 from Campomanesia pubescens, and morphotypes 1 and 3 are intermediate between them, possibly being hybrids.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291219
title: A new occurrence of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) for the state of Goiás, Brazil

description: Abstract Studies on the Orchidaceae family in the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park revealed a new occurrence for the family to the flora of the Goiás state. Bulbophyllum adiamantinum, hitherto considered endemic to the state of Minas Gerais, is described here, illustrated, commented on its distribution, morphological relationships and period of flowering and fruiting. In addition, a map with distribution this species, its preliminary conservation status, images and notes on the anatomy of its vegetative system and its more morphologically, B. insectiferum, with which it can be confused, are provided. Anatomically, both species differ mainly by the presence or absence of silica bodies in the vegetative system and tracheoid idioblasts in the mesophyll, by the arrangement of the fibers and the appearance of the lumen of the cells of the exoderm, endoderm, pericycle and medulla in the roots. The characters that showed themselves to be variables were the number of vascular bundles, the shape of the cells of the epidermis and the thickness of the cuticle of the species studied.