cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.788
title: Pharmacognostic specification of Acorus calamus rhizomes in Thailand

description: Acorus calamus Linn. dried rhizomes has been traditionally used as crude drug in Thai remedies such as Pra-Sa-Plai, Pra-Sa-Karn-Plu and Wi-Sum-Pa-Ya-Yai. This study aimed to report the current information on the pharmacognostic properties of A. calamus dried rhizomes and analysed the chemical constituents of calamus oil by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The rhizomes were collected from 15 habitats located at various regions throughout Thailand. The whole plant of A. calamus was illustrated in detail. The crude drug was traditionally prepared by cleaning, cutting and drying in a hot air oven. The macroscopic characters were cylindrical pieces, variable in size, pale brown with longitudinal furrows and circular, with pitted scars of rootlets, internally whitish and spongy and odor aromatic. The anatomical and histological characterizations were starch granules, secretory sac containing volatile oil and prismatic crystal of calcium oxalate. The total ash, acid insoluble ash, loss on drying, ethanol–soluble extractive, water–soluble extractive water content and volatile oil content of 4.49 ± 0.15, 0.83 ± 0.07, 12.23 ± 0.34, 7.32 ± 0.29, 9.53 ± 0.45, 13.15 ± 0.46 and 1.37 ± 0.11 % dry weight respectively. Thin-layer chromatographic fingerprints of ethanolic extracts of A. calamus dried rhizomes were studied using toluene and ethyl acetate (9:1) as mobile phase. Detection under ultraviolet light (254 nm and 365 nm) as well as spraying with anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid reagent showed the dominant band of α-asarone and β-asarone at Rf = 0.58. The calamus oil consisted of β-asarone (67.5 %) and α-asarone (22.4%) as main components. Linearity range of β-asarone was 0-0.5 mg/ml with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.997 and α –asarone was 0-0.1 mg/ml with correlation coefficient (r2) 0.998.. LOD and LOQ for β-asarone were 0.0280 and 0.0850 mg/µl of injected sample, 0.0126 and 0.0382 mg/µl of injected sample for α-asarone respectively. The precision was evaluated by the % RSD of repeatability and intermediate precision. β-Asarone was between 1.45-4.67 % RSD and 0.95-2.21 % RSD and α-ssarone showed 2.48-6.58 % and 1.29-3.00 % RSD respectively. The average recoveries were 100.11-100.40 % in β-asarone and 100.17-100.80 % in α-asarone. The quantitative results showed that β-asarone was the highest content in calamus oil (0.259 ± 0.035 mg/µl of oil) whereas α-asarone was found at 0.120 ± 0.020 mg/µl of oil. This study provides scientific information for the quality control of A. calamus dried rhizomes including calamus oil composition in Thailand that leads to safe use of this crude drug.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.789
title: One-pot preparation of alkyl halides and related compounds from alkyl diphenylphosphinites

description: A mild and efficient one-pot protocol for preparing alkyl halides from alcohols was developed. In the case of the synthesis of alkyl iodides and bromides, a combination of chlorodiphenylphosphine and alkali metal salt at room temperature for 30 min was utilized. Primary alcohols yielded the target product (96-100%), secondary (72%) and tertiary alcohols (18-20%), respectively. For the preparation of alkyl chlorides, chlorodiphenylphosphine at room temperature for 45 min could be used to transform primary alcohols in the highest yield (86-90%), followed by secondary (55%) and tertiary alcohols (10%), respectively. Furthermore, this disclosed methodology for the preparation of alkyl halide from alcohol was applied for a one-pot synthesis of alkyl thiocyanates and azides. The synthesis of alkyl thiocyanates could be accomplished in high yield (77-80%) via alkyl bromide from alcohols as described above, followed by the addition of ammonium thiocyanate. However, the attempts to synthesize alkyl azides from alcohol were not successful.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.790
title: Bio-oil production from liquid phase pyrolysis of giant leucaena wood

description: In this study, bio-oil was produced from the liquid phase pyrolysis of Giant Leucaena wood in the presence of decane solvent. Firstly experiment was conducted in an autoclave reactor at following condition; reaction temperature of 350oC, initial pressure 10 bar of hydrogen, residence time of 2 hr, biomass of 10 g and decane as a solvent of 40 g with the different catalyst types, 10% by mass of ZSM-5, NiMo/Al2O3 and Pt/Al2O3 to find the optimum catalyst type. The liquid products were characterized by GC-MS, CHN analysis and Karl Fischer titration. The result from CHN analysis showed that NiMo/Al2O3 was the optimum catalyst to produce bio-oil with lowest oxygen content, 10.02 % and the oil yield was 4.30 %wt therefore NiMo/Al2O3 was chosen for studying the influence of other parameters and find the optimum condition for bio-oil production. The influence of temperatures (250, 300, 350, 400oC), residence times (30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 hours), initial pressures of hydrogen (5, 10, 20, 30 bar), catalyst dosages (1, 5, 10, 20%wt) and reaction gases (H2, N2) were studied. It was found that the reaction temperature is the most influencing parameter for oil yield and oxygen content which were 8.60 %wt and 8.50 %, respectively at 400oC. Increase in residence time and catalyst dosage also increased oil yield and decreased oxygen content to the saturation point. The residence time of 2 hr and 10%wt of catalyst gave the lowest oxygen content and the highest oil yield. Initial pressure of nitrogen showed higher oil yield and lower oxygen content than hydrogen as reaction gas.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.791
title: Effect of hydroxyapatite and β-tricalcium phosphate on the properties of Thai silk fibroin/gelatin scaffold

description: This research aimed to investigate the effects of hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) on the properties of Thai silk fibroin/gelatin scaffolds. The Thai silk fibroin/gelatin solution incorporated with both inorganic compounds, β-TCP and HA, were homogenized and fabricated via freeze drying technique. The effect of different weight percentages of each inorganic compound incorporated was examined. It was found that all Thai silk fibroin/gelatin based scaffolds incorporated with β-TCP and HA possessed porous structure with uniform distribution of β-TCP and HA. The Thai silk fibroin/gelatin based scaffold incorporated with both inorganic compounds, β-TCP and HA, showed lower water absorption (%) because of the hydrophobic part of inorganic compounds and lower porosity than that of pure protein scaffolds. The incorporation of β-TCP and HA could enhance compressive strength of scaffolds compared to the pure protein scaffold in dry and wet condition. In addition, the compressive modulus of Thai silk fibroin/gelatin based scaffolds incorporated with β-TCP was slightly higher than that with HA incorporation. This could be due to the smaller pore size of scaffold incorporated with β-TCP. The scaffold with smaller pore size can give more paths for distributing to applied stress, resulting in the greater compressive modulus. The results on in vitro biodegradability in collagenase solution revealed that the Thai silk fibroin/gelatin based scaffolds without inorganic compounds was completely degraded within 7 days. The remaining weight (%) of scaffold incorporated with both β-TCP and HA were decreased and remained at the weight percentage of incorporated inorganic compounds after 7 days. All samples clearly presented low cytotoxic effect. The results on in vitro cell culture using periosteum derived cells indicated that the incorporation of both inorganic compounds could enhance osteoconductive potential of the Thai silk fibroin/gelatin based scaffolds, particularly the scaffolds containing 50-70% of β-TCP and 50% HA. When compared among the four types of scaffolds, the scaffold with 30-70% of β-TCP tended to be slightly better osteoconductive than the scaffold with 50% of HA. The results on the physical and biological properties of Thai silk fibroin/gelatin based scaffolds incorporated with β-TCP and HA markedly indicated that the scaffolds had a high potential to be applied in bone tissue engineering.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.793
title: Antimicrobial activities of selected Thai medicinal plants bearing quinonoids

description: Antimicrobial activities of selected Thai medicinal plants bearing quinonoids were studied in vitro. The crude drugs from nine plant species were sequentially extracted by maceration with petroleum ether and ethanol respectively. Thirteen tested pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms included 5 gram positive bacteria, 6 gram negative bacteria and 2 fungi. The assay was performed by agar well diffusion method for determination of inhibition zone and broth microdilution method for minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) or minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) with two fold dilution. The results showed that the petroleum ether extract from Eleutherine americana bulbs displayed inhibition zone of 32.66±0.58 mm. against Staphylococcus epidermidis. The lowest MIC and MBC for Thai medicinal plants bearing anthraquinones were found in the petroleum ether extract from Morinda citrifolia roots that presented MIC and MBC of 125 µg/ml against Bacillus subtilis. Ardisia elliptica presenting plant bearing benzoquinones of which the petroleum ether extract from fruits showed the lowest MIC and MBC of 62.50 µg/ml concentration against Bacillus subtilis. The plant bearing naphthoquinones, Rhinacanthus nasutus roots showed the lowest MIC and MBC of 3.90 and 15.62 µg/ml respectively against Micrococcus luteus. Standard quinone derivatives were investigated as well. Juglone displayed inhibition zone of 28.00±2.00 mm. against Candida albicans. Alizarin, an anthraquinone compound showed the lowest MIC of 100 and MFC of 50 µg/ml against Candida albicans. Embelin, a benzoquinone derivative presented the MIC and MBC of 6.25 µg/ml against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus. Lawsone, a naphthoquinone showed the MIC of 25 and MBC of 100 µg/ml against Bacillus cereus. Most of the extract and the quinone derivative compounds demonstrated a promising inhibitory effect against gram positive bacteria followed by fungi and gram negative bacteria. Eleutherine americana especially petroleum ether extract and Xyris indica especially ethanol extract expressed broadest spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Cassia tora possessed least spectrum of antimicrobial activity as well as least potency. Three species of Morinda showed similar spectrum and potency against tested microorganisms. The extracts from plants bearing naphthoquinones, for example Eleutherine americana and Rhinacanthus nasutus as well as naphthoquinone compounds, for example lawsone and juglune showed prominent range and potency in antimicrobial activity. This study revealed the antimicrobial potentials among selected Thai medicinal plants bearing quinonoid compounds. The results could expand our knowledge in Thai traditional plant usages and discloses Thai traditional wisdom.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.794
title: Monte carlo simulations of step flow in molecular beam epitaxy grown surfaces

description: Molecular beam epitaxy growth on vicinal substrates are studied using the Monte Carlo simulation technique. A vicinal surface consists of equal-width flat terraces of different height separated by step edges. It is a type of substrate widely used in thin film fabrication. It is well-known that high quality films can be obtained when the growth is in step flow mode. The aim of this work is to find growth conditions that lead to step flow growth on vicinal substrates, and to study statistical properties of the grown films. Two discrete growth models, the Das Sarma-Tamborenea and the Family models, are used for this task. Both models have been well-studied for limited mobility cases. A slight modification, adding long surface diffusion length noise reduction technique, is made so atomic mobility can be varied in these models. Since the atomic mobility depends directly on the growth temperature, varying the diffusion length in the study means effects of the growth temperature can be investigated. Quantities of interest are morphology, temporal correlation function, persistence probability and survival probability distribution. The simulated results show that the step flow mode begins when the growth temperature is high enough so that the atomic diffusion length is approximately half of the terrace width. Atomic processes found during the step flow mode are deposition at the step edges and diffusion on the terraces. Both persistence and survival probability distributions decrease with growth time. The persistence exponent, which is the rate that the probability decreases, is small when the growth is
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.795
title: Health risk assessment associated with inhalation exposure of carbonyl compounds to gasoline workers in Bangkok, Thailand

description: Human risk assessment of volatile organic compounds (carbonyl group) via inhalation exposure route in gasoline workers was studied during February 2011 in Bangkok, Thailand. The objectives were to measure carbonyl concentrations in gasoline station and to assess health risk of gasoline workers in 4 gasoline stations located in urban area and suburb area. Of each gasoline station, 2 workers were randomly recruited. The results showed the participants age was in the range of 18-36 years old. The average weight (mean ± SD) was 56.7 ± 8.1 kg. The average working time of urban and suburb area was 9.3 and 10.0 h/day, respectively. Exposure assessment of gasoline worker was calculated using reasonable maximum exposure (RME) at the 95th percentile; the inhalation intake of carcinogenic carbonyl i.e. formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in workers was in the range of 1.90 × 10⁻⁵ to 4.11 × 10⁻³ mg/kg/day. Risk characterization of cancer was in the range of 2 workers in 10 million to 2 workers in one hundred thousand. For non-carcinogenic carbonyl i.e. formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde, valeradehyde, propionaldehyde, and butyraldehyde, the inhalation intake of non-carcinogenic carbonyl in workers was in the range of 4.88 × 10⁻³ to 1.16 µg/m³. To assess non-carcinogenic health effects, the Hazard Index (HI) was used; the results showed that gasoline workers may not at risk regarding inhalation exposure of non-carcinogenic health because the HI was not greater than the acceptable level (HI &lt; 1).
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.796
title: Nitridation of aluminium alloys and aisi H13 tool steel by inductive coupled rf plasma

description: RF-ICP plasma nitriding is used to improve surface property by producing a nitride layer on the specimen. The main aim of this work is to form the nitride layer on the surface of Al alloy and AISI H13 by RF-ICP plasma nitriding with the treatment temperature lower than 350 oC. The specimens were plasma nitrided at different treatment times while the rf-power, working pressure and treatment temperature were kept constant. After plasma nitriding, the nitride layers including AlN, FeN were present in the aluminium alloy sample and H13 sample, respectively, as detected by X-ray diffraction analysis. In the case of the Al alloy, the hardness of the nitrided sample is difficult to measure because of the thin layer of nitride on the sample surface and high roughness. Moreover, the thick AlN did not form when we varied the parameters including the type of gas sputtering, treatment time, and gas pressure. Therefore, we can conclude that rf plasma nitriding is not suitable for aluminium alloys. On the contrary, in the rf plasma nitriding of H13, the thickness of the nitride layer reaching more than 150 µm was achieved for 20 hours with the hardness as high as 1072 HV.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.797
title: Higher derivations and jordan higher derivations of Г-rings

description: Let M and Г be additive abelian groups. If there exists a map ⋅ sending M x Г x M into M, denote the image of a ⋅ γ ⋅ b by, simply, aγb for all a, b ϵ M and γ ϵ Г, satisfying the following properties: for each a, b, c ϵ M and γ, β ϵ Г, (i) (aγb)βc = aγ(bβc); (ii) (a + b)γc = aγc + bγc, a(γ + β)c = aγc + aβc and aγ(b + c) = aγb + aγc, then M is called a Г-ring. Let M be a Г-ring and U be an ideal of M. We introduce the concept of higher derivations, Jordan higher derivations of M, higher derivations, Jordan higher derivations of U into M and generalized higher derivations, Jordan generalized higher derivations of M. Our main interests are finding appropriate conditions for a Г-ring in order to obtain that 1. Jordan higher derivations and higher derivations of a Г-ring are the same, 2. Jordan higher derivations and higher derivations of an ideal of a Г-ring, are identical, and 3. Jordan generalized higher derivations and generalized higher derivations of a Г-ring are coincide.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.798
title: Flexural behavior of post-tensoned steel trusses with high performance conrete omposite decks

description: The hypothesis of using post-tensioning techniques in strengthening in situ steel trusses built compositely with high performance concrete decks is examined and evaluated experimentally and theoretically. In realizing the proposed technique, unbonded high-strength tendons are prestressed externally to provide axial compression to counteract tensile stresses caused by external loading. The effects of post-tensioning on composite truss systems are investigated as related to flexural strength and behavior. The analytical portion of the research utilizes a technique which incorporates the concepts of transformed section, principle of virtual work, and principle of superposition. In the experimental portion of the study, two full size truss specimens were simply supported at their ends and subjected to third-point monotonically increasing loads. Experimental parameters included the level of post-tensioning as applied to a complete composite system and a nominally identical truss only, without a concrete slab. Test results indicated that for the extra partial prestressing ratio (PPR) of 6.12%, the post-tensioned composite truss resisted a maximum total load 20.4% higher than that in the case of a composite truss without prestressing. The failure mode of the posttensioned composite truss occurred by yielding of the bottom chord while the tendon was still within the elastic range. This behavior resulted in a ductile failure mode displaying detectable warning deformation and is therefore preferred to sudden failure occurring without any noticeable ductile deformations. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical results was attained. The successfully developed and verified mathematical model is capable of evaluating the strength and stability of in situ structures similar to the type studied herein. The model can also be used to establish the maximum amount of post-tensioning required for structural rehabilitation as well as to evaluate the associated serviceability, and ductility factors. Such information can then be used for upgrading existing composite spans such as may be found in bridges or buildings and thereby to upgrade the flexural capacity of such linear structures by taking advantage of the high strength tendons.
DOI: 10.15468/itk69o
title: An overview of the tribe Cnephasiini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) of Iran with description of a new species

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Alipanah, Helen (2019): An overview of the tribe Cnephasiini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) of Iran with description of a new species. Zootaxa 4661 (3): 501-521, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4661.3.5
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3381405
title: Unstable Ion Composition Boundary Layer Crossings

description: A list of unstable ion composition boundary layer crossings by the MAVEN spacecraft, separated into three categories. "Snowplow" events have discrete parcels of low energy escaping heavy ion plasma interspersed with more energetic magnetosheath plasma. "Plume" events have higher energy escaping heavy ions with a beam-like distribution, interspersed with magnetosheath plasma. "Unclassified" events do not neatly fit in either of these categories.
description: Funded by the MAVEN contract through NASA.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.799
title: Incidence, causes, and management cost of drug related problems in hospitalized patients at Loengnoktha Crown Prince Hospital

description: Drug related problems (DRPs) are important issues among organization, country, and national level. Detecting and solving DRPs are important procedures to reach patient safety goal, which can be achieved by collaboration of healthcare team including physician, pharmacist and nurse. Pharmacists play important role to detect and propose solution to eliminate drug related problems. This study aimed to determine incidence of drug related problems, causes, types of drug related problems, and cost to manage drug related problems. This study was a cross sectional study. All patients admitted to two wards at Loengnoktha Crown Prince Hospital were observed, monitored and detected for DRPs. Type of DRPs were categorized by Hepler and Strand’s DRPs classification algorithm, while severity of DRPs were categorized by Hartwig and Schneider’s criteria. The result from this study showed that there were 98 DRPs identified from 6,262 patients. The incidence of DRPs among hospitalized patient during 10 month period at Loengnoktha Crown Prince Hospital was 1.56%. The most frequently DRPs found was drug-drug interaction (32.7%), followed by improper drug selection (17.3%), subtherapeutic dosage (14.3%).It was found that 54.1% of DRPs were in category B (error did not reach patient), 25.5% were in category A (potential to cause error) and 12.3% were in category E (cause temporary harm, patient need treatment or intervention). When analyzed causes of DRPs, it was found that some of them were a result of system error e.g. information technology did not reach all hospital systems inclusively, the interchange of physicians among hospitals in province. while some of them were human error e.g. personal attitude of patients and doctors. Cost to manage DRPs were calculated using hospital perspective and included only direct medical costs e.g. wages of physicians, nurses and pharmacists, cost of drug and cost of laboratory test. In this study cost to manage 98 DRPs was 18,688.85 Baht.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2010.801
title: Effect of iron, vanadium, and tungsten doped titania on BTEX photocatalytic decomposition

description: Iron, vanadium, and tungsten doped TiO2 were synthesized via the solvothermal technique and immobilized onto fiberglass cloth (FGC). They were used in the photocatalytic decomposition of gaseous volatile organic compounds: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) under visible light. The results were compared to that of the commercial pure TiO2 (P25). All doped samples exhibited higher visible light catalytic activity than the P25. The V-TiO2 showed the highest photocatalytic activity followed by the W and Fe doped samples with the highest conversion of 69% for 1163±12 ppm of gaseous toluene and 15, 68, 81, and 84% for 228±48 ppm of mixed BTEX, respectively. The results corresponded to the UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS) revealing that V-TiO2 had the highest visible light absorption followed by the W and Fe doped samples. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicated all doped samples to contain both anatase and rutile phases with majority (&gt; 80%) being anatase. The transition metal (TM) dopants were well mixed into TiO2 lattice. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra of the Ti K-edge transition indicated that most Ti ions were in the Ti4+ with octahedral coordination but with increased lattice distortion from TM doped samples. Our results showed that the TM doped TiO2 were successfully synthesized and immobilized onto flexible fiberglass cloth suitable for treatment of gaseous organic pollutants under visible light