cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n0pf381
title: Data from: Temperature-dependent development of the blow fly Chrysomya pinguis and its significance in estimating postmortem interval

description: Chrysomya pinguis (Walker) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) is an endemic Asiatic
 blow fly species of forensic importance. Chrysomya pinguis is one of the
 first species to colonize a corpse, especially in high altitude areas
 during spring and autumn when the ambient temperature is lower. Despite
 its potential for forensic investigations to estimate the minimum
 postmortem interval (PMImin), little is known about the development of C.
 pinguis. In this study, C. pinguis was collected from the Yangtze River
 Delta region of China and reared at seven constant temperatures between 16
 to 34°C to investigate the effect of temperature on development duration,
 accumulated degree hours and larval body length of C. pinguis. Isomorphen
 and isomegalen diagrams for C. pinguis were generated using the results,
 and equations describing the variation in larval body length during
 development and the temperature-induced variation in development time were
 also obtained. Chrysomya pinguis can complete its life cycle at 16-34°C.
 The mean (± SD) developmental durations of C. pinguis from egg to adult at
 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31 and 34°C were 811.0 ± 3.8, 544.8 ± 2.0, 379.8 ±
 1.8, 306.7 ± 2.4, 250.0 ± 2.8, 203.2 ± 2.1 and 185.3 ± 1.6 h,
 respectively. The mean (± SE) developmental threshold temperature D0 and
 the thermal summation constant K of the whole developmental process of C.
 pinguis were estimated as 10.88 ± 0.21°C and 4256.50 ± 104.50 degree
 hours, respectively. This study provides fundamental development data for
 the use of C. pinguis to estimate PMImin.
description: Raw data of larval body
 length and development durationdataset.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bp8dn88
title: Data from: Genetic diversity, admixture, and hatchery influence in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) throughout western New York State

description: Although Brook Trout are distributed across most of eastern North America,
 population numbers have declined in many regions due to habitat loss,
 climate change, and competition with non-native species. In New York
 State, Brook Trout habitat has been substantially reduced, with many areas
 showing complete extirpation of Brook Trout populations, predominantly in
 the western portion of the state. Small, fragmented populations are at
 risk of genetic diversity loss, inbreeding depression, and reduced
 fitness, leading to a greater potential for local extirpation. Genetic
 monitoring is a practical tool that can facilitate further
 conservation-decision making regarding small populations. In this study,
 we used 12 microsatellite loci to examine 3,436 sampled Brook Trout,
 representing 75 sites from the Allegheny, Erie/Niagara, Genesee, Oswego,
 Lake Ontario, and Susquehanna drainage basins throughout western New York
 State. Three Brook Trout hatchery strains were also genetically
 characterized to evaluate the degree of hatchery introgression between
 wild populations and hatchery strains stocked in the region. Overall,
 estimates of genetic diversity varied widely: allelic richness ranged from
 2.23 to 7.485, and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.402 to 0.766. As
 observed for Brook Trout in other regions, we found a high degree of
 genetic differentiation among populations, with all comparisons except one
 showing significant FST values. Hatchery introgression was found to be
 minimal, with estimates ranging from 1.96% to 3.10% of wild individuals
 exhibiting membership proportions to a hatchery strain cluster exceeding
 10% (q ≥ 0.10). Results from this investigation can be used to prioritize
 management efforts for Brook Trout in western New York State and act as a
 baseline to monitor future population trends.
description: New York Brook Trout
 GenotypesGenotypes, in Convert
 format, for all Brook Trout individuals analyzed.NY_BKT_Genotypes_Convert.xlsxBrook Trout Locality GPS CoordinatesGPS coordinates and locality information for Brook Trout collection sites across western New York State.NY_BKT_GPS.xlsxNew York Brook Trout Fst ValuesPairwise Fst values and associated p-values between all Brook Trout populations analyzed.NY_BKT_FST.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.67r78cn
title: Data from: Impact of external odor on self-grooming of lesser flat-headed bats, Tylonycteris pachypus

description: Grooming is a common behavior of some mammals. Previous studies have shown
 that grooming is a means by which animals clean themselves, remove
 ectoparasites, and lower their body temperature. It is also involved in
 olfactory communication. Bats belong to the order Chiroptera and, like
 most mammals, are the natural host of many ectoparasites. Bat grooming,
 including licking and scratching, is one of the ways to reduce the adverse
 effects caused by ectoparasites. Bat grooming may also be induced by
 exogenous odor. In this study, we used lesser flat-headed bats
 (Tylonycteris pachypus) to test the hypothesis that exogenous odor affects
 the self-grooming behavior of bats. Results showed that external odor from
 distantly related species caused lesser flat-headed bats to spend more
 time in self-grooming. Lesser flat-headed bats that received odor from
 humans spent the longest time in self-grooming, followed by those that
 received odor from a different species of bats (T. robustula). Lesser
 flat-headed bats that received odor form the same species of bats, either
 from the same or a different colony, spent the least amount of time in
 self-grooming. These results suggest that bats can recognize their kin
 through body scent.
description: Self-groomingSelf-grooming in each experimental group.self-grooming.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qv10c62
title: Data from: Exploring the power of Bayesian birth-death skyline models to detect mass extinction events from phylogenies with only extant taxa

description: Mass extinction events (MEEs), defined as significant losses of species
 diversity in significantly short time periods, have attracted the
 attention of biologists because of their link to major environmental
 change. MEEs have traditionally been studied through the fossil record,
 but the development of birth-death models has made it possible to detect
 their signature based on extant-taxa phylogenies. Most birth-death models
 consider MEEs as instantaneous events where a high proportion of species
 are simultaneously removed from the tree ("single pulse"
 approach), in contrast to the paleontological record, where MEEs have a
 time-duration. Here, we explore the power of a Bayesian Birth-Death
 Skyline (BDSKY) model to detect the signature of MEEs through changes in
 extinction rates under a "time-slice" approach. In this
 approach, MEEs are time intervals where the extinction rate is greater
 than the speciation rate. Results showed BDSKY can detect and locate MEEs
 but that precision and accuracy depend on phylogenies size and MEE
 intensity. Comparisons of BDSKY with the single-pulse Bayesian model,
 CoMET, showed a similar frequency of Type II error and neither model
 exhibited Type I error. However, while CoMET performed better in detecting
 and locating MEEs for smaller phylogenies, BDSKY showed higher accuracy in
 estimating extinction and speciation rates.
description: MODELA_SIMULATIONdataCoMET_SIMULATIONdataMODELB_SIMULATIONdataMODELC_EMPRICAL_conifersData_3RS-5RSMODELC_SIMULATIONdataSimulatedTrees
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6n5h0pb
title: Data from: Flowers respond to pollinator sound within minutes by increasing nectar sugar concentration.

description: Can plants sense natural airborne sounds and respond to them rapidly? We
 show that Oenothera drummondii flowers, exposed to playback sound of a
 flying bee or to synthetic sound-signals at similar frequencies, produce
 sweeter nectar within 3 minutes, potentially increasing the chances of
 cross pollination. We found that the flowers vibrated mechanically in
 response to these sounds, suggesting a plausible mechanism where the
 flower serves as an auditory sensory organ. Both the vibration and the
 nectar response were frequency-specific: the flowers responded and
 vibrated to pollinator sounds, but not to higher frequency sound. Our
 results document for the first time that plants can rapidly respond to
 pollinator sounds in an ecologically relevant way. Potential implications
 include plant resource allocation, the evolution of flower shape, and the
 evolution of pollinators sound. Finally, our results suggest that plants
 may be affected by other sounds as well, including antropogenic ones.
description: Experiments raw
 dataExpData.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0vt4gm8
title: Data from: Impacts of soil nitrogen and phosphorus levels on cytotype performance of the circumboreal herb, Chamerion angustifolium: implications for polyploid establishment

description: Although polyploidy commonly occurs in angiosperms, not all
 polyploidization events lead to successful lineages, and environmental
 conditions could influence cytotype dynamics and polyploid success. Low
 soil nitrogen and/or phosphorus concentrations often limit ecosystem
 primary productivity, and changes in these nutrients might differentially
 favor some cytotypes over others, thereby influencing polyploid
 establishment. We grew diploid, established tetraploid, and neotetraploid
 Chamerion angustifolium (fireweed) in a greenhouse under low and high soil
 nitrogen and phosphorus conditions and different competition treatments
 and measured plant performance (height, biomass, flower and root-bud
 production) and insect damage responses. By comparing neotetraploids to
 established tetraploids, we were able to examine traits and responses that
 might directly arise from polyploidization before they are modified by
 natural selection and/or genetic drift. We found that (1) neopolyploids
 were the least likely to survive and flower and experienced the most
 herbivore damage regardless of nutrient conditions; (2) both neo- and
 established tetraploids had greater biomass and root-bud production under
 nutrient enriched conditions, whereas diploid biomass and root bud
 production was not significantly affected by nutrients; (3) intra-cytotype
 competition more negatively affected diploids and established tetraploids
 than it did neotetraploids. Following polyploidization, biomass and clonal
 growth might be more immediately affected by environmental nutrient
 availabilities than plant survival, flowering, and/or responses to
 herbivory, which could influence competitive dynamics. Specifically,
 polyploids might have competitive and colonizing advantages over diploids
 under nutrient enriched conditions favoring their establishment, although
 establishment may also depend upon the density and occurrences of other
 related cytotypes in a population.
description: Walczyk _ Hersch-Green
 2019_AJB_Dryad File_1Walczyk _ Hersch-Green
 2019_AJB_Dryad File_2Walczyk _ Hersch-Green
 2019_AJB_Dryad File_3
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p9g41sd
title: Data from: Foraging ecology of African wolves (Canis lupaster) and its implications for the conservation of Ethiopian wolves (Canis simensis)

description: African wolves (AWs) are sympatric with endangered Ethiopian wolves (EWs)
 in parts of their range. Scat analysis have suggested dietary overlap
 between AWs and EWs, raising the potential for exploitative competition,
 and a possible conservation threat to EWs. However, in contrast to the
 well-studied EW, the foraging ecology of AWs remains poorly characterized.
 Accordingly, we studied the foraging ecology of radio-collared AWs (n = 11
 individuals) at two localities with varying levels of anthropogenic
 disturbance in the Ethiopian Highlands, the Guassa-Menz Community
 Conservation Area (GMCCA) and Borena-Saynt National Park (BSNP),
 accumulating 845h of focal observation across 2,856 feeding events. We
 also monitored rodent abundance and rodent trapping activity by local
 farmers who experience conflict with AWs. The AW diet consisted largely of
 rodents (22.0%), insects (24.8%), and goats and sheep (24.3%). The overall
 foraging success on live rodents (proportion of successful foraging
 attempts) by AWs was 20.7% was higher in the farmlands (36%) than in other
 habitat types (&lt;17%). Of the total rodents captured by farmers
 using local traps during peak barley production (July to November) in
 GMCCA, totaling 24 rodents per hectare per day, 80% were scavenged by AWs.
 Of all rodents consumed by AWs, most (74%) were carcasses. These results
 reveal complex interactions between AWs and local farmers and highlight
 the scavenging niche occupied by AWs in anthropogenically altered in
 contrast to the active hunting exhibited by EWs in more intact habitats.
 While AWs cause economic damage to local farmers through livestock
 predation, they appear to play an important role in scavenging pest
 rodents among farmlands, a pattern of behaviour which likely mitigates
 direct and indirect competition with EWs. We suggest two routes to promote
 the co-existence of AWs and EWs in the Ethiopian highlands: local
 education efforts highlighting the complex role AWs play in highland
 ecosystems to reduce their persecution, and enforced protection of intact
 habitats to preserve habitat preferred by EWs.
description: Feeding records-Fig
 2Feeding records of
 African wolfHunting success-Fig
 3African wolf hunting
 successHunting success-Fig
 3African wolf hunting
 success on rodents across different habitats
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f77972k
title: Data from: Elasmobranch bycatch in the demersal prawn trawl fishery in the Gulf of Papua, Papua New Guinea

description: The elasmobranch bycatch of the Gulf of Papua Prawn Fishery is
 investigated in detail for the first time. Fisheries observers collected
 data on the elasmobranch bycatch from a total of 403 trawl sets (1,273
 hrs) in the Gulf of Papua. A total of 40 species of elasmobranchs were
 recorded ranging in size from a 12 cm disc width stingray to a 350 cm
 total length sawfish. High mortality rates were recorded (&gt;80%),
 attributed to the long trawl durations (up to 4 hours). The future
 inclusion of bycatch reduction devices would likely reduce the number of
 larger elasmobranchs being caught and is being investigation by the PNG
 National Fisheries Authority. Differences in catch compositions were
 detected across the management zones as well as between the two monsoonal
 seasons (SE Monsoon and NW Monsoon). Increased monitoring and additional
 research is required and management plans should address the elasmobranch
 bycatch and in particular their high mortality rate.
description: Raw shark and ray
 bycatch data for Papua New Guinea prawn trawl fisheryShark and ray catch data
 (numbers of individuals) recorded in each trawl haul observed. Observer
 trip relates to the individual observers deployed. Shot id refers to the
 order of trawl hauls within each observer trip. Day and night indicates
 whether the majority of the trawl occurred in day (6:00 to 18:00) or night
 (18:00 to 6:00). Trawl duration is the decimal number of hours that a haul
 occurred for. Season indicates if the haul occurred in during the
 Southeast Monsoon or Northwest Monsoon seasons. The prawn trawl management
 zones indicates in which of the 9 zones (0-8) the haul occurred
 in.Data for
 trawl bycatch paper.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f28s554
title: Data from: Obligately silent males sire more offspring than singers in a rapidly evolving cricket population

description: How sexual traits are gained and lost in the wild remains an important
 question in evolutionary biology. Pacific field crickets (Teleogryllus
 oceanicus) in Hawaii provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate
 the factors facilitating evolutionary loss of a sexual signal in real
 time. Natural selection from an acoustically-orienting parasitoid fly
 drove rapid evolution of a novel, silent male morph. While silent
 (flatwing) males enjoy protection from the fly, they face difficulty
 attracting mates. We tested how offspring production varies in association
 with three male attributes affected by the spread of flatwing: wing morph
 (flatwing or normal-wing), age (flatwings should survive longer than
 singers), and exposure to calling song during rearing (wild populations
 with many flatwings lack ambient calling song). Per mating event,
 flatwings sired more offspring than singers, and older males were mounted
 more quickly by females when presented with standard courtship song.
 Despite prior work showing that male age and acoustic experience
 influences sperm characteristics associated with fertilization, age and
 song exposure had no influence on male offspring production per mating.
 This represents the first evidence that the silent male morph possesses a
 reproductive advantage that may help compensate for precopulatory barriers
 to mate attraction.
description: Data for Silent Male
 Cricket Reproductive SuccessData for: Obligately
 silent males sire more offspring than singers in a rapidly evolving
 cricket population
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.96240sr
title: Data from: Current and future potential distributions of three Dracaena Vand. ex L. species under two contrasting climate change scenarios in Africa

description: Forest undergrowth plants are tightly connected with the shady and humid
 conditions that occur under the canopy of tropical forests. However,
 projected climatic changes, such as decreasing precipitation and
 increasing temperature, negatively affect understory environments by
 promoting light-demanding and drought-tolerant species. Therefore, we
 aimed to quantify the influence of climate change on the spatial
 distribution of three selected forest undergrowth plants, Dracaena Vand.
 ex L. species, D. afromontana Mildbr., D. camerooniana Baker and D
 surculosa Lindl., simultaneously creating the most comprehensive location
 database for these species to date. A total of 1223 herbarium records
 originating from tropical Africa and derived from 93 herbarium collections
 worldwide have been gathered, validated and entered into a database.
 Species-specific Maxent species distribution models (SDMs) based on 11
 bioclimatic variables from the WorldClim database were developed for the
 species. HadGEM2-ES projections of bioclimatic variables in two
 contrasting representative concentration pathways (RCPs), RCP2.6 and
 RCP8.5, were used to quantify the changes in future potential species
 distribution. D. afromontana is mostly sensitive to temperature in the
 wettest month, and its potential geographical range is predicted to
 decrease (up to -63.7% at RCP8.5). Optimum conditions for D. camerooniana
 are low diurnal temperature range (6-8°C) and precipitation in the wettest
 season exceeding 750 mm. The extent of this species will also decrease,
 but not as drastically as that of D. afromontana. D. surculosa prefers
 high precipitation in the coldest months. Its potential habitat area is
 predicted to increase in the future and to expand towards the east. This
 study developed SDMs and estimated current and future (year 2050)
 potential distributions of the forest undergrowth Dracaena species. D.
 afromontana, naturally associated with mountainous plant communities, was
 the most sensitive to predicted climate warming. In contrast, D. surculosa
 was predicted to extend its geographical range, regardless of the climate
 change scenario.
description: Dracaena_locations_GIS_formatGIS layers in shapefile format showing locations of three examined Dracaena species: Dracaena afromontana, Dracaena cameroonaina and Dracaena surculosaDracaena coordinatesDracaena species coordinates used in Maxent model. Coordinates for Dracaena afromontana, Dracaena camerooniana, Dracaena surculosaDra_all.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8br4n80
title: Data from: Field test and validation of the DYNEX Technologies Inc. Multiplier® measles, mumps, rubella and varicella zoster multiplexed assay system in the Democratic Republic of the Congo using dried blood spots

description: Here we describe baseline validation studies and field performance of a
 research-use-only chemiluminescent multiplex serology panel for measles,
 mumps, rubella, and varicella-zoster virus used with dried blood spots in
 support of the 2013-2014 Democratic Republic of the Congo Demographic and
 Health Survey. Characterization of the panel using US-FDA-cleared
 commercial kits shows good concordance for measles, mumps, rubella and
 varicella zoster with average sensitivity across assays of 94.9% and an
 average specificity of 91.4%. As expected, performance versus available
 standards validated for plaque-reduction assays does not provide a 1:1
 correspondence with International Units, yet demonstrates excellent
 linearity (average Hill’s Slope = 1.02) and ~4 logs of dynamic range. In
 addition, for the four specific assays, the multiplexed format allowed for
 inclusion of three positive and two negative controls for each sample. A
 prototype DYNEX Multiplier® chemiluminescent automated immunoassay
 instrument with a Charged Coupled Device camera provided a rugged and
 robust processing and data acquisition platform. Performance of a
 multiplex instrument for serological testing in a substantially
 resource-limited environment shows excellent reproducibility, minimal
 cross-reactivity, and a clear discrimination between specific assays, and
 should be considered a viable option for future serosurveys.
description: MMRV Validation Readme
 fileReadme
 fileMMRV IU
 Calibration Curves.csvPredicate
 ComparisonsDBS v Neat
 sera2013 DRC DHS Survey
 Data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pm6v7nd
title: Data from: Surpassing the subitizing threshold: appetitive-aversive conditioning improves discrimination of numerosities in honeybees

description: Animals including humans, fish, and honeybees have demonstrated a quantity
 discrimination threshold at four objects, often known as subitizing
 elements. Discrimination between numerosities at or above the subitizing
 range is considered a complex capacity. In the current study, we trained
 and tested two groups of bees on their ability to differentiate between
 quantities (4 vs. 5 through to 4 vs. 8) when trained with different
 conditioning procedures. Bees trained with appetitive (reward)
 differential conditioning demonstrated no significant learning of this
 task, and limited discrimination above the subitizing range. In contrast,
 bees trained using appetitive-aversive (reward-aversion) differential
 conditioning demonstrated significant learning and subsequent
 discrimination of all tested comparisons from 4 vs. 5 to 4 vs. 8. Our
 results show conditioning procedure is vital to performance on numerically
 challenging tasks, and may inform future research on numerical abilities
 in other animals.
description: Training phase
 dataThis file contains all
 choices for each bee during the 50 conditioned choices of the learning
 phase for both Group 1 and Group 2.Training_phase.csvTesting phase data for Group 1This file contains the individual choices bees made during each test for bees in Group 1.Testing_phase_Group_1.csvTesting phase data for Group 2This file contains the individual choices bees made during each test for bees in Group 2.Testing_phase_Group_2.csv