DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f1s76f2
title: Data from: Signals from the brain and olfactory epithelium control shaping of the mammalian nasal capsule cartilage

description: Facial shape is the basis for facial recognition and categorization.
 Facial features reflect the underlying geometry of the skeletal
 structures. Here we reveal that cartilaginous nasal capsule (corresponding
 to upper jaw and face) is shaped by signals generated by neural
 structures: brain and olfactory epithelium. Brain-derived Sonic Hedgehog
 (SHH) enables the induction of nasal septum and posterior nasal capsule,
 whereas the formation of a capsule roof is controlled by signals from the
 olfactory epithelium. Unexpectedly, the cartilage of the nasal capsule
 turned out to be important for shaping membranous facial bones during
 development. This suggests that conserved neurosensory structures could
 benefit from protection and have evolved signals inducing cranial
 cartilages encasing them. Experiments with mutant mice revealed that the
 genomic regulatory regions controlling production of SHH in the nervous
 system contribute to facial cartilage morphogenesis, which might be a
 mechanism responsible for the adaptive evolution of animal faces and
 snouts.
description: Six1, Six4, double
 knockout E12.5Six1, Six4, double
 knockout analyzed at embryonic day E12.53Six14double.stlNkx2.2-Cre/Shhfloxed/floxed embryos E15.5Nkx2.2-Cre/Shhfloxed/floxed mouse embryo analyzed at embryonic day E15.55E155mutSHH.stlmouse control embryomouse control embryo analyzed at embryonic day E12.51E125ctrl.stlNkx2.2-Cre/Shhfloxed/floxed embryos E12.5Nkx2.2-Cre/Shhfloxed/floxed mouse embryo analyzed at embryonic day E12.52E125mutSHH.stlmouse control embryo E15.5mouse control embryo analyzed at embryonic day E15.54E155ctrl.stlShh hypomorph mouse embryo E15.5Shh hypomorph mouse embryo analyzed at embryonic day E15.56ShhHypoE155.stlCol2a1-CreERT2/R26DTA mouse embryo E15.5Col2a1-CreERT2/R26DTA mouse embryo injected with 2.5 mg tamoxifen at E12.5 and analysed at embryonic day E15.57Col2DTAE155.stlmouse control embryo E16.5mouse control embryo analyzed at embryonic day E16.58E165ctrl.stlAscl1 knockout embryo E16.5Ascl1 knockout embryo analyzed at embryonic day E16.59AsclE165.stlmouse control embryo E17.5mouse control embryo analyzed at embryonic day E17.510E175ctrl.stlShh hypomorph mouse embryo E17.5Shh hypomorph mouse embryo analyzed at embryonic day E17.511ShhHypoE175.stlCol2a1-CreERT2/R26DTA mouse embryo E17.5Col2a1-CreERT2/R26DTA mouse embryo injected with 2.5 mg tamoxifen at E12.5 and analysed at embryonic day E17.512Col2DTAE175.stlHeterozygous INV(-500-C1) mouse embryo E17.5Heterozygous inversion of the genomic region INV(-500-C1) analyzed at embryonic day E17.513Inv-500-C1HET.stlHomozygous INV(-500-C1) E17.5Homozygous inversion of the genomic region INV(-500-C1) analyzed at embryonic day E17.514Inv-500-C1HOM.stlHeterozygous (DEL-90-C2) embryo E17.5Heterozygous deletion of the genomic region (DEL-90-C2) analyzed at embryonic day E17.515Del-90-c2.stlHeterozygous (INV6b-C2) E17.5Heterozygous inversion of the genomic region (INV6b-C2) analyzed at embryonic day E17.516Inv6b-c2.stl(INV6b-C2)/(DEL-90-C2) E17.5Inversion of the genomic region (INV6b-C2) and Deletion of the genomic region (DEL-90-C2) analyzed at embryonic day E17.517Del-90-c2xInv6b-c2.stlmouse control embryo E18.5mouse control embryo analyzed at embryonic day E18.518E185ctrl.stlSix1, Six4, double knockout E18.5Six1, Six4, double knockout analyzed at embryonic day E18.519Six14doubleE185.stlSix1 knockout E18.5Six1 knockout analyzed at embryonic day E18.520Six1E185.stl