cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291812
title: Leviathan as a partial cure? Opportunities and pitfalls of using the state-owned apparatus to respond to the COVID-19 crisis

description: Abstract While some argue that market forces are imperative to stimulate the increased supply of critical products and services to address the COVID-19 crisis, others contend that dealing with the pandemic requires coordination and rapid adjustments in supply that may be constrained by a host of factors. Although discussions have centered on policies to promote financial liquidity, we examine whether the state apparatus-not only state-owned enterprises but also development agencies and investment funds-can innovate and adjust production processes to improve infrastructure and capabilities to prevent and treat the disease. Potential actions include public-private effort addressing both discovery and coordination problems-such as a collaborative effort to develop prevention and treatment technologies, as well as state capital to stimulate retooling and expansion of strategic infrastructure. The state apparatus can also help access remote and critical areas with relatively lower private returns. In contrast, support to industries must be implemented with caution, especially for sectors whose demand may suffer permanently due to lifestyle changes. Exit strategies must be carefully crafted to avoid the risk of perpetuating unjustified and ineffective state support, establishing milestones and termination clauses based on clear performance indicators. We argue that, although using the state apparatus as a countermeasure entails a set of risks, not using it may increase the risk of extending the crisis and end with an overloaded state sector (e.g., due to massive bailouts), challenging the implementation of subsequent adjustments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291808
title: Exploring shared leadership in public organizations: evidence from the educational arena

description: Abstract Collective leadership, reflecting the representative and participatory character of bureaucracies, is known to have a good fit for public organizations. Despite the importance of the topic, very few studies have examined what triggers the emergence of shared or participative leadership in public organizations and how these plural forms of leadership translate into team outcomes. To fill this gap, this study explores whether the existence of an organizational climate characterized by participative safety (a climate characterized by shared purpose, social support, and voice) can facilitate the emergence of collective forms of leadership, such as shared leadership. Further, we investigate if shared leadership ultimately influences an important organizational outcome: voluntary turnover. To test our model, we conducted a field study with 96 public schools and more than 1,000 teachers of the public educational system of the city of Rio de Janeiro. Our results highlight the importance of the existence of a favorable organizational climate for the emergence of shared leadership and provide evidence of the positive effects of this type of leadership on reducing turnover ratings among public teachers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291806
title: An analysis of intermunicipal consortia to provide waste services based on institutional collective action

description: Abstract This article analyzes the factors that affect local governments’ decision-making processes on whether to engage in cooperative agreements through intermunicipal consortia. Several studies have examined this issue in Western developed countries, but there is a gap in the literature regarding the phenomenon in the developing world. The research addresses this gap and observes the Brazilian local governments’ policies on waste services, focusing on cooperative agreements such as interlocal consortia. These arrangements may be a solution to the political and managerial challenges of providing public services in many areas, including waste collection, treatment, and disposal. However, it is still unclear what factors influence municipalities in their decision to cooperate. Based on cross-sectional research exploring 963 Brazilian municipalities and on the perspective of Institutional Collective Action, this study identified characteristics of communities, transaction characteristics of goods, and the structure of policy networks that influence the local governments in their decision to work cooperatively. The findings shed light on the field of public policies, particularly those carried out through intermunicipal consortia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291804
title: Efficiency in higher education. Empirical study in public universities of Colombia and Spain

description: Abstract In recent decades, Iberoamerican universities have introduced new quality assessment and accountability schemes, inspired by the New Public Management (NGP) model. In this context, efficiency in the distribution of public funds and obtaining the maximum possible return are a priority. Thus, measuring efficiency in the public sector, and specifically in higher education, has become a challenge for accounting science. The objective of this work is a proposal to calculate efficiency indices with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models, introducing a previous step through the Analysis of Canonical Correlation (ACC). Using this technique, the aim is to improve discrimination capacity and overcome monodimensionality and lack of reliability in the representativeness of the chosen input and output variables. The study is applied in the public universities of Colombia and Spain during the years 2015 and 2016. The results obtained demonstrate the convenience of applying this preliminary step in the multivariate analysis. This reinforces the need to explore more rigorous methodologies in stages before and after the calculation of the efficiency indices. This practice increases confidence when using the indices to formulate policies and manage resources for the sector.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291802
title: Stakeholder influence and local government performance: a systematic literature review

description: Abstract Although stakeholder theory has been on the academic agenda for more than 30 years, empirical evidence is still scant about stakeholders’ influence as determinant factors of local governments’ performance. Evidence from 82 empirical studies on stakeholder influence as a source of local government effectiveness is assessed in this article. The choice of studies was based in a systematic literature review, encompassing articles published in the period from 2007 to 2017 in which stakeholder influences are considered determinant factors of local government performance. This research contributes to this field of knowledge by synthesizing the pertinent publications and pointing out an agenda for future studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291798
title: Mid-level bureaucrats perception on the implementation of public policies

description: Abstract This article contributes to studies about the perceptions of mid-level bureaucrats on the implementation of public policies. The article empirically analyzes the perceptions of mid-level bureaucrats (MLB) on the implementation of REUNI within the Federal University of Goiás (UFG). A case study was conducted, with documentary research and interviews with MLB. The results demonstrate the importance of institutional support and technical and emotional preparation for MLB to perform appropriately. In empirical terms, the study demonstrates that UFG failed to meet the program’s global goals, but has met most of the guidelines set forth by the Ministry of Education, with emphasis on expanding student inclusion and assistance policies, transforming a university that served the elite into an inclusive institution. Unanimously, all MLBs recognize the great importance of REUNI for the UFG in structural and educational terms and that their activities could have been better performed with adequate support and preparation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291796
title: Smart government: analysis of dimensions from the perspective of public managers

description: Abstract Recent studies show that the concept of smart government and its respective dimensions are not yet consolidated. The issue of the efficiency of public activity suggests that smart government should be recognized and better explored in public management. This study brings an original contribution to the literature, presenting an analysis of the recognition, importance, and application of the concept’s dimensions from the perspective of public managers. Adopting a qualitative and exploratory approach, operationalized through interviews with public managers in the South of Brazil, we sought to identify the dimensions of smart government that are recognized and applied by public managers. The results show the concept’s importance and its application and benefits in public administration. The findings point out the most influencital dimensions and their importance in the process, with emphasis on the organizational culture and the organization of data and public information.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291794
title: Innovation in justice: co-production, competence and user satisfaction in judicial mediation

description: Abstract This study evaluated the effects of co-production and the mediator’s competence on the results of Judicial Mediation in the Court of Justice of the Brazilian Federal District and Territories. Data was collected using satisfaction surveys applied to the parties using the court’s judicial mediation services. The sample refers to the period from January 2013 to July 2015, totaling 312 participants and 107 discursive answers. The evaluation adopted techniques of descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and logistic regression as well as content analysis. The results showed that the only statistically significant variable was the mediator’s competence, which increases the likelihood of positive perception about the outcomes of judicial mediation both for citizens and the justice system. Both parties using the services did not perceive that co-production affects the outcomes. This result was due to the complexity of the cases mediated, which makes it hard to observe the role of cooperation in achieving the outcomes. For the citizen, the mediator is primarily responsible for directing the judicial mediation procedure as well as the outcomes achieved through the procedure. We provide recommendations and a research agenda aimed at strengthening research in the area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291792
title: Political appointments in municipal governments and bureaucratic performance: evaluating achievement

description: Abstract This article discusses the politicization of the bureaucratic structures of the Brazilian municipalities based on appointed positions. The intention is to demonstrate patterns of political appointments that reflect institutional performance. The data were provided by Munic/IBGE 2005/14 and IpoC- Instituições Políticas Comparadas/UFRGS. Firstly, the study observed the degree of variability of the distribution of these positions in municipal structures, and the quality of the appointees’ education. Then, an analysis of spatial, global, and local dependence was performed. In addition, the difference in performance among municipalities was statistically tested using the independent t-test. The test compared municipalities’ performance concerning the number and education of appointees. The study used the Municipal GDP-Per-Capita, the Índice Firjan de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IFDM), and the Índice de Governança Municipal (IGM) created by the Federal Board of Administration as proxies for performance. The results stress the complexity of local public management since some of the tests indicate the number and education of appointees as predictors of high performance while other studies do not find the same relationship.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291790
title: Influence of socio-economic, financial-budgetary and political-electoral aspects on the transparency of local governments

description: Abstract This study aims to analyze the influence of socioeconomic, financial-budgetary and political-electoral aspects on the active and passive transparency of Brazilian local governments. From 3,550 Brazilian municipalities, a resampling of 100,000 samples was performed using the multiple linear regression method with cross-sectional data, obtaining better data robustness and reliability. The results indicate that in larger municipalities there is a greater propensity to actively disseminate information to reduce agency costs. A population with higher per capita income and better educated tend to demand more information, seeking to know where is the taxpayers’ money invested. Capital investments are important to society, so it is expected that the level of transparency will be higher where there is more spending of this kind. Electoral competition require public managers to be more transparent toward their opponents and population to confirm their pre-election promises.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291788
title: Consultative participation in Brazil: the case of the São Paulo Municipal Advisory Board

description: Abstract This article analyzed the São Paulo Municipal Advisory Board, an innovative channel of communication between civil society and the local government’s executive branch. This exploratory research is based on an intrinsic case study, aiming to understand the operation of this advisory board and how it relates to other participatory instances in Brazil. The study adopted semi-structured interviews with members of the advisory board and representatives of the local government, participant observation of meetings of the management’s board, and analysis of official documents. Data were analyzed based on the theory of deliberative democracy and studies on participatory bodies. The results indicate that the São Paulo Municipal Advisory Board is partially aligned with the deliberative democracy, and strongly connected to the federal and state-level Economic and Social Development Advisory Boards. Due to the specificities of these instances, we suggest the creation of a new category in the literature on institutional participation - “Governmental Advisory Board.”
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291786
title: Corruption and mismanagement in spending on education: socioeconomic and political factors

description: Abstract This research analyzes the socioeconomic and political factors that influence the occurrence of corruption and mismanagement in public spending on basic education in Brazilian municipalities. The sources of data were the inspection reports of the Comptroller General of the Union during 2011 to 2015; and the websites of the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the Superior Electoral Court, and the National Treasury Secretariat. The data analysis adopted descriptive procedures and binomial negative regression. Overall, the results indicate that the possibility of reelection of the mayor and the performance of municipal councils affected the incidence of corruption. In turn, an occurrence of mismanagement shows a significant relationship with the voter’s profile and the performance of municipal councils. These findings highlighted the relevance of municipal councils as an instrument for monitoring and supervising public spending on basic education of Brazilian municipalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291782
title: The joint effect of democracy and economic freedom on corruption

description: Abstract This work examines the joint effect of democracy and economic freedom on corruption. The study used a database of 160 countries from 2010 - 2016, containing information for a set of economic, cultural, historical, and institutional variables. Several researches show that the joint effect of economic freedom levels and democracy are essential to fight corruption. Therefore, the most effective public policies for countries under study are those focused on the fundamental right of human beings to control satisfying outcomes of their jobs, which holistically encompasses the freedom and rights of production, distribution, or consumption of goods and services.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291778
title: The role of internal auditing in promoting accountability in Higher Education Institutions

description: Abstract This paper discusses the link between accountability and internal auditing, particularly analyzing the extent to which the latter contributes to improve the former, in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This study applied a questionnaire to the management boards of a sample of HEIs, to empirical analyze the relationship between internal auditing and accountability. The main focus was on internal auditing carried out by the offices or departments in those institutions. The paper contributes to understand how management boards perceive internal auditing to foster transparency and accountability in HEIs, allowing to corroborate that auditing, and particularly internal auditing, favors the institutions’ accountability. In effect, it promotes the principles underlying accountability practices. The information provided in the scope of internal audits is acknowledged as contributing to improve management effectiveness and helping in decision-making. HEIs wanting to create an internal auditing office or to enhance the role of an existing one, should develop this office’s activities so that it becomes an instrument to support accountability and good governance of the organization. The sample consisted of Portuguese public HEIs, universities and polytechnics. Despite a certain international convergence regarding this type of public sector organizations, and regarding their purposes and governance, certain contextual specificities might limit the generalization of the findings for other jurisdictions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291776
title: Organizational wrongdoing in courts of accounts

description: Abstract Historically, the Brazilian Courts of Accounts have been questioned over the frequent misconduct of magistrates. This article analyzed how organizational wrongdoing is sustained and preserved by magistrates, their cabinet members, audit directors and technical body members, who hold influence and power in this type of organization typically permeated by multiple incompatible and conflicting institutional logics. The case of the Rio de Janeiro State Court of Accounts was analyzed to discover the socially illegitimate practices widely adopted in the organization and which recently became public. A qualitative approach was used based on interviews (with auditors and magistrates) and public documents. The analysis indicates that an elite-patrimonial institutional logic was operating at the Rio de Janeiro State Court of Accounts, which induced organizational wrongdoing, based on the use of episodic and systemic power strategies and reciprocity norms. Finally, the findings point out that supportive wrongdoing is seen in the hierarchy, operating under the influence of systemic power in general, applied to sustain the embryonic strategies of wrongdoing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291774
title: Insulated and undemocratic: the (im)possibility of social accountability in Brazilian courts of accounts

description: Abstract This article examines the transparency of the Brazilian Courts of Accounts to citizens, andwhether these Courts have acted in a way that facilitates social accountability over public administration. The multidimensional scaling technique was used to determine the integrity of the 32 Courts of Accounts in Brazil. Evidence suggests that Brazilian Courts of Accounts are still not transparent to society and count on few mechanisms to help and facilitate citizen control. Evidence also shows that the means of social participation is limited, and represented by the Ombudsman, the Transparency Web Portal, and the Citizen Assistance Service. However, this study identified that the Fiscal Responsibility Law (LRF) and the Access to Information Law (LAI) had a strong influence on the Courts of Accounts. Although gradual, these elements can lead to future changes in terms of an increasingly prominent role of the Courts of Accounts as strong allies in the process of enhancing vertical accountability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291768
title: The effect of allocation function in budgeting to reduce income inequality in Brazil: an analysis of spending on education and health from 1995 to 2012

description: Abstract Income inequality is seen as a major problem of contemporary society. In order to reverse inequality the state can use allocation function in budgeting. This study sought to identify the impacts of allocation function in budgeting on income inequality for Brazilian states from 1995 to 2012. Spending on education and health was considered as an allocative function proxy, while the Gini coefficient, the Theil coefficient, was used as a proxy for income inequality. This found the ratio between the richest 10% and the poorest 40%, and the ratio between the richest 20% and poorest 20%. The functional relationship between the two sets of variables was explored in the analysis of panel data and tobit regression. Considering aggregate expenditure on education and health of states and municipalities in the period, it was concluded that federative units that invested more in health have been better at reducing income inequality, with the opposite effect occurring for the cost of education. When spending on health and education are broken down into several sections, it can be seen that the federation units with higher volume of spending in the following sub-functions (2nd level of function) — Primary health care, hospital and outpatient care, prophylactic and therapeutic support and early childhood education — have made greater gains in reducing income inequality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14291762
title: Iseb, a school of government: developmentalism and the qualification of technicians and managers

description: Abstract This article looks at the Higher Institute of Brazilian Studies (Instituto Superior de Estudos Brasileiros - Iseb) as a federal teaching and research institution based on the concept of developmentalism taken straight from the historical annals of Brazilian economic thinking. Developmentalism provides the motivation behind the historiographical investigation used in this research. Iseb functioned as a school of government that, through its Standard Course, helped qualify technicians and administrators at a post-graduate level, and produced research that was the basis of public policies. Technicians and administrators was how public managers were designated at that time. The ideas put forward by Iseb are part of the tradition of Brazilian critical social thinking and have influenced public administration, both in terms of qualifying professionals and in the decisions taken by administrators. The Iseb is, therefore part of the history of education in administration and reviving its activities as a school of government, which were autonomous and independent, may contribute to the present, and perennial debate over the role of the State and, in particular, that of the public administrator.