cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258316.v1
title: Influence geometric anisotropy in management zones delineation

description: ABSTRACT The proper handling soil allows the reduction of contaminants, maximize agricultural productivity, and is directly related the knowledge spatial variability of soil attributes. This spatial variability can express isotropic and anisotropic form. The latter being neglected in research related to management zones delineation. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the geometric anisotropy correction on the management zone delineation. The methodology was applied under database of soybean productivity and apparent electrical conductivity (CEa) of a rural property in Ponta Porã - MS. By means of this georeferenced database, maps was interpolated with ordinary kriging. For each combination, attribute (productivity and CEa) and number of classes, were produced two maps management zones, one without and one with anisotropy correction, the same were compared through the kappa index, with significance tested by the Z-test. The management zones number was also evaluated by Fuzziness Performance Index (FPI) and the Modified Partition Entropy (MPE). The area subdivision in two management zones, without and with anisotropy correction, presented higher Kappa index, with values of 0.89 and 0.91 respectively, but not presented significant differences with each other.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258190
title: The effect of encapsulants on the heat of sorption in vacuum-dried cajá powder

description: ABSTRACT Equilibrium moisture data from the powdered pulp of Spondias mombin, L., both with and without additives - 58% maltodextrin (MD) or 58% gum arabic (GA) - were determined at 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C, using the static gravimetric method for a water activity range of 0.06 to 0.90. The resulting isotherms were sigmoidal and typical Type III, with the Guggenheim-Anderson-de-Boer model (GAB) adjusted to the experimental data for equilibrium moisture vs water activity. The addition of additives was shown to affect the isotherms in such a way that, for the same water activity, samples of CP+GA and CP+MD showed a lower equilibrium moisture content and were not affected by the variations in temperature. The isosteric heat of sorption for the cajá powder with additives was greater (less negative) than that of the cajá powder with no additives, suggesting that polar sites in the product without the addition of GA or MD are more active. An empirical exponential relationship can describe the dependence of the heat of sorption as a function of the moisture content of the material.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258190.v1
title: The effect of encapsulants on the heat of sorption in vacuum-dried cajá powder

description: ABSTRACT Equilibrium moisture data from the powdered pulp of Spondias mombin, L., both with and without additives - 58% maltodextrin (MD) or 58% gum arabic (GA) - were determined at 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C, using the static gravimetric method for a water activity range of 0.06 to 0.90. The resulting isotherms were sigmoidal and typical Type III, with the Guggenheim-Anderson-de-Boer model (GAB) adjusted to the experimental data for equilibrium moisture vs water activity. The addition of additives was shown to affect the isotherms in such a way that, for the same water activity, samples of CP+GA and CP+MD showed a lower equilibrium moisture content and were not affected by the variations in temperature. The isosteric heat of sorption for the cajá powder with additives was greater (less negative) than that of the cajá powder with no additives, suggesting that polar sites in the product without the addition of GA or MD are more active. An empirical exponential relationship can describe the dependence of the heat of sorption as a function of the moisture content of the material.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257959
title: Spondias rootstock in the formation of seedlings of the yellow mombin

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Spondias rootstock on the formation of grafted seedlings of the yellow mombin. The experiment was set up in the Experimental Area of Embrapa, in Pacajus, in the state of Ceará (CE), in a completely randomised design with four treatments (rootstocks), five replications and ten seedlings/plot. Ungrafted rootstock of S. tuberosa and of three species of mombin (S. macrocarpa, S. mombin and S. venulosa) were grown in polyethylene bags (15 x 28 cm x 0.15 mm), filled with a mixture of quartz sand + hydromorphic soil + rotted cattle manure (2:2:1, v/v). The cleft graft was made 6 cm from the root collar of 80-day-old rootstock. The scions were taken from the apical branches of mature deciduous plants of the Itaitinga clone of the yellow mombin. After grafting, the scions were protected with transparent plastic bags (4 x 16 cm), and the seedlings remained in the nursery shaded with 50% sombrite for 64 days, when the percentage of grafts, seedlings suitable for planting, and the number of leaves and leaflets were determined. Grafting success and the percentage of seedlings suitable for planting was 90% on rootstock of S. tuberosa, S. mombin and S. venulosa, and showed no statistical difference. The greatest grafting success with seedlings suitable for planting was on S. tuberosa, S. mombin and S. venulosa. Grafting success on S. macrocarpa was extremely low due to incompatibility, and this should not be used as rootstock for the yellow mombin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257959.v1
title: Spondias rootstock in the formation of seedlings of the yellow mombin

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Spondias rootstock on the formation of grafted seedlings of the yellow mombin. The experiment was set up in the Experimental Area of Embrapa, in Pacajus, in the state of Ceará (CE), in a completely randomised design with four treatments (rootstocks), five replications and ten seedlings/plot. Ungrafted rootstock of S. tuberosa and of three species of mombin (S. macrocarpa, S. mombin and S. venulosa) were grown in polyethylene bags (15 x 28 cm x 0.15 mm), filled with a mixture of quartz sand + hydromorphic soil + rotted cattle manure (2:2:1, v/v). The cleft graft was made 6 cm from the root collar of 80-day-old rootstock. The scions were taken from the apical branches of mature deciduous plants of the Itaitinga clone of the yellow mombin. After grafting, the scions were protected with transparent plastic bags (4 x 16 cm), and the seedlings remained in the nursery shaded with 50% sombrite for 64 days, when the percentage of grafts, seedlings suitable for planting, and the number of leaves and leaflets were determined. Grafting success and the percentage of seedlings suitable for planting was 90% on rootstock of S. tuberosa, S. mombin and S. venulosa, and showed no statistical difference. The greatest grafting success with seedlings suitable for planting was on S. tuberosa, S. mombin and S. venulosa. Grafting success on S. macrocarpa was extremely low due to incompatibility, and this should not be used as rootstock for the yellow mombin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258490
title: Chemical characterization of wheat kernels naturally contaminated by deoxynivalenol-DON when cultivated under nitrogen management strategies

description: ABSTRACT Chemical composition and contamination of wheat kernels (Triticum aestivum L.) directly affect the quality of the flour obtained from them, determining its acceptability and use by industry. Field trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of agricultural practices on wheat kernel quality (chemical composition and contamination). Cultivation was carried out following maize or soybean (crop succession), with application of nitrogen doses in topdressing (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-1), using seeds inoculated or not inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), comparison of means by Tukey's test (&lt;0.05), and regression to nitrogen doses. Crop succession resulted in changes in kernel chemical composition (p&lt;0.05), with exception for lipid content (p&gt;0.05). Lower protein (-21.6%; p&lt;0.05) and higher total carbohydrate content (+4.5%; p&lt;0.05) were observed when wheat was cultivated after maize, in comparison with soybean succession, and no application of nitrogen in topdressing (0 kg ha-1). When cultivated after maize, protein content in the kernels was the factor with the greatest variation in response to increasing doses of nitrogen (11.1 to 16.5%, an increment up to 48.2% in the total content), due to a positive correlation with the independent variable (r&gt;0.80; p &lt;0.05). In terms of contamination by DON, 83.1% (133/160) of the samples presented contamination below the current maximum tolerated limit stablished by the Brazilian legislation for whole wheat flour (&lt;1250 ug kg-1). Management of nitrogen availability can be recommended as an additional procedure to obtain raw materials with the desired chemical profile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258490.v1
title: Chemical characterization of wheat kernels naturally contaminated by deoxynivalenol-DON when cultivated under nitrogen management strategies

description: ABSTRACT Chemical composition and contamination of wheat kernels (Triticum aestivum L.) directly affect the quality of the flour obtained from them, determining its acceptability and use by industry. Field trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of agricultural practices on wheat kernel quality (chemical composition and contamination). Cultivation was carried out following maize or soybean (crop succession), with application of nitrogen doses in topdressing (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-1), using seeds inoculated or not inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), comparison of means by Tukey's test (&lt;0.05), and regression to nitrogen doses. Crop succession resulted in changes in kernel chemical composition (p&lt;0.05), with exception for lipid content (p&gt;0.05). Lower protein (-21.6%; p&lt;0.05) and higher total carbohydrate content (+4.5%; p&lt;0.05) were observed when wheat was cultivated after maize, in comparison with soybean succession, and no application of nitrogen in topdressing (0 kg ha-1). When cultivated after maize, protein content in the kernels was the factor with the greatest variation in response to increasing doses of nitrogen (11.1 to 16.5%, an increment up to 48.2% in the total content), due to a positive correlation with the independent variable (r&gt;0.80; p &lt;0.05). In terms of contamination by DON, 83.1% (133/160) of the samples presented contamination below the current maximum tolerated limit stablished by the Brazilian legislation for whole wheat flour (&lt;1250 ug kg-1). Management of nitrogen availability can be recommended as an additional procedure to obtain raw materials with the desired chemical profile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257881
title: Morphology and germination of Acmella oleracea L. R. Jansen under different temperatures and photoperiods

description: ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the physical characteristics and physiological behavior of A. oleracea seeds during imbibition and germination, under different temperatures and photoperiods, as well as to determine the duration of the germination test. For this, biometric parameters (length, width and thickness) were measured in 100 seeds and thousand-seed weight was determined. In addition, the external structures of seeds and seedlings were described and the imbibition curve was monitored. Subsequently, the germination test was conducted at temperatures of 20, 25, 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 ºC, under constant and alternating light and dark photoperiods (12 h), arranged in 6 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replicates of 50 seeds. Seeds were sown in transparent plastic boxes with blotting paper as substrate, germinated in Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D) incubator, and evaluated for six days. The following variables were analyzed: germination, germination speed index, seedling length and seedling dry mass. The imbibition pattern test was conducted at 25 ºC with 4 replicates of 100 seeds, evaluated until 50% root protrusion occurred. A. oleracea seeds exhibit uniform physical characteristics and the three-phase model as a water absorption pattern. Constant temperatures of 25 and 30 °C and alternating temperatures of 20-30 °C, regardless of the photoperiod, led to higher germination values. For A. oleracea, the germination test evaluations can be performed on the fourth and sixth day after sowing, as first and last counts, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257881.v1
title: Morphology and germination of Acmella oleracea L. R. Jansen under different temperatures and photoperiods

description: ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the physical characteristics and physiological behavior of A. oleracea seeds during imbibition and germination, under different temperatures and photoperiods, as well as to determine the duration of the germination test. For this, biometric parameters (length, width and thickness) were measured in 100 seeds and thousand-seed weight was determined. In addition, the external structures of seeds and seedlings were described and the imbibition curve was monitored. Subsequently, the germination test was conducted at temperatures of 20, 25, 30, 35, 20-30 and 25-35 ºC, under constant and alternating light and dark photoperiods (12 h), arranged in 6 x 3 factorial scheme, with four replicates of 50 seeds. Seeds were sown in transparent plastic boxes with blotting paper as substrate, germinated in Biochemical Oxygen Demand (B.O.D) incubator, and evaluated for six days. The following variables were analyzed: germination, germination speed index, seedling length and seedling dry mass. The imbibition pattern test was conducted at 25 ºC with 4 replicates of 100 seeds, evaluated until 50% root protrusion occurred. A. oleracea seeds exhibit uniform physical characteristics and the three-phase model as a water absorption pattern. Constant temperatures of 25 and 30 °C and alternating temperatures of 20-30 °C, regardless of the photoperiod, led to higher germination values. For A. oleracea, the germination test evaluations can be performed on the fourth and sixth day after sowing, as first and last counts, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258373
title: Pre-slaughter factors associated with severe bruising in different primary commercial cuts of bovine carcasses

description: ABSTRACT The incidence of bruising in bovine carcases is a consequence of several potentially stressful and aggressive factors to which the animals are subjected during pre-slaughter handling. The aim of this study was to identify pre-slaughter factors associated with the severe bruising in different regions of the bovine carcass. The study evaluated 5,028 batches of slaughtered cattle from 154,100 animals. The carcases were analysed for gender, handling on the farm, condition of farm infrastructure, type of truck, distance and journey time from the farm to the slaughterhouse, loading density and time of year in which the animals were slaughtered. The results showed that the sidecut and forequarter are the areas most affected by bruising, with females being the most vulnerable. Loading densities above excess of 401 kg m-2 cause an increase in the number of bruises. The use of larger vehicles results in an increase in bruising, as does the use of poor farming facilities. A decrease in the number of bruises was seen for journey times of more than three hours. All the variables under evaluation are potential causes of injury to bovine carcases. As such, improving the handling conditions and facilities for loading cattle, as well as reducing the stress of transport, are factors which determine a smaller number of bruises in bovine carcases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258373.v1
title: Pre-slaughter factors associated with severe bruising in different primary commercial cuts of bovine carcasses

description: ABSTRACT The incidence of bruising in bovine carcases is a consequence of several potentially stressful and aggressive factors to which the animals are subjected during pre-slaughter handling. The aim of this study was to identify pre-slaughter factors associated with the severe bruising in different regions of the bovine carcass. The study evaluated 5,028 batches of slaughtered cattle from 154,100 animals. The carcases were analysed for gender, handling on the farm, condition of farm infrastructure, type of truck, distance and journey time from the farm to the slaughterhouse, loading density and time of year in which the animals were slaughtered. The results showed that the sidecut and forequarter are the areas most affected by bruising, with females being the most vulnerable. Loading densities above excess of 401 kg m-2 cause an increase in the number of bruises. The use of larger vehicles results in an increase in bruising, as does the use of poor farming facilities. A decrease in the number of bruises was seen for journey times of more than three hours. All the variables under evaluation are potential causes of injury to bovine carcases. As such, improving the handling conditions and facilities for loading cattle, as well as reducing the stress of transport, are factors which determine a smaller number of bruises in bovine carcases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257884
title: Production costs and profitability in coriander fertilised with Calotropis procera under organic cultivation

description: ABSTRACT The present study was carried out to determine the amount of biomass of Calotropis procera and itsincorporation time into the soil that provide maximum productivity and profitability in the organic cultivation of coriander during the spring and autumn-winter, under the conditions of Serra Talhada, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomised complete block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replications. The first factor corresponded to the amount of biomass (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15.6 t ha-1 on a dry basis), and the second to the incorporation time (0, 10, 20 and 30 days prior toplanting the coriander). In addition to the green-matter yield and production costs, the following economic indicators were determined: gross and net incomes, rate of return and profitability index. An amount of 12.2 t ha-1 C. procera in the spring and 8.8 t ha-1 in the autumn-winter resulted in greater productivity and profitability in coriander production. The incorporation of green manure 13 days (spring) and 23 days (autumn-winter) prior to sowing the crop was considered ideal for the economic viability of the activity. For the autumn-winter crop, the net income (BRL 19,607.10 ha-1) and rate of return (3.31) were respectively 58.6% and 28.8% higher than those obtained in the spring.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257884.v1
title: Production costs and profitability in coriander fertilised with Calotropis procera under organic cultivation

description: ABSTRACT The present study was carried out to determine the amount of biomass of Calotropis procera and itsincorporation time into the soil that provide maximum productivity and profitability in the organic cultivation of coriander during the spring and autumn-winter, under the conditions of Serra Talhada, in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in a randomised complete block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replications. The first factor corresponded to the amount of biomass (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15.6 t ha-1 on a dry basis), and the second to the incorporation time (0, 10, 20 and 30 days prior toplanting the coriander). In addition to the green-matter yield and production costs, the following economic indicators were determined: gross and net incomes, rate of return and profitability index. An amount of 12.2 t ha-1 C. procera in the spring and 8.8 t ha-1 in the autumn-winter resulted in greater productivity and profitability in coriander production. The incorporation of green manure 13 days (spring) and 23 days (autumn-winter) prior to sowing the crop was considered ideal for the economic viability of the activity. For the autumn-winter crop, the net income (BRL 19,607.10 ha-1) and rate of return (3.31) were respectively 58.6% and 28.8% higher than those obtained in the spring.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11804196
title: GAB model and the thermodynamic properties of moisture sorption in soursop fruit powder

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to model and determine the thermodynamic properties of moisture sorption in soursop fruit powder. The isotherms were determined by the static method at temperatures of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C, and a water activity of between 0.113 and 0.868 (decimal). The GAB model effectively described the moisture sorption phenomenon of soursop powder. The monolayer moisture content ranged from 12.589 to 9.109% db. The enthalpy values related to the GAB model were negative, with -2581.035 kJ kg-1 for C0 and -107,758 kJ kg-1 for K0. The isosteric heat of sorption, entropy and Gibbs free energy had a high correlation with the equilibrium moisture content, and the correlation between enthalpy and entropy was confirmed for moisture sorption in soursop powder.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11804196.v1
title: GAB model and the thermodynamic properties of moisture sorption in soursop fruit powder

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to model and determine the thermodynamic properties of moisture sorption in soursop fruit powder. The isotherms were determined by the static method at temperatures of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C, and a water activity of between 0.113 and 0.868 (decimal). The GAB model effectively described the moisture sorption phenomenon of soursop powder. The monolayer moisture content ranged from 12.589 to 9.109% db. The enthalpy values related to the GAB model were negative, with -2581.035 kJ kg-1 for C0 and -107,758 kJ kg-1 for K0. The isosteric heat of sorption, entropy and Gibbs free energy had a high correlation with the equilibrium moisture content, and the correlation between enthalpy and entropy was confirmed for moisture sorption in soursop powder.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11804190
title: Tests to evaluate the physiological potential of Mombasa grass seeds

description: ABSTRACT Identifying fast and efficient tests to evaluate the vigor of forage grass seed lots is desirable in the quality control programs of the companies in this sector. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the efficiency of vigor tests on the physiological quality of seeds of Panicum maximum, cv. Mombasa, for the differentiation of lots and prediction of seedling emergence in the field. Nineteen seed lots were subjected to evaluations of moisture content, germination, first count, germination speed index, seedling emergence in sand, first count of seedling emergence in sand, seedling root and shoot lengths, seedling emergence in the field and computerized analysis of seedling images obtained through SVIS® software. The experimental design was completely randomized for the tests performed in the laboratory and randomized blocks for the emergence test in the field. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability level. Cluster analysis of seed lots and principal component analysis were performed. The uniformity index, evaluated by image analysis and by the root length test, is efficient in evaluating the physiological potential of seeds of Panicum maximum, cv. Mombasa, providing information similar to those obtained with the test of seedling emergence in the field.