cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cn63cj7
title: Data from: Ionome and elemental transport kinetics shaped by parallel evolution in threespine stickleback

description: Evidence that organisms evolve rapidly enough to alter ecological dynamics
 necessitates investigation of the reciprocal links between ecology and
 evolution. Data that link genotype to phenotype to ecology are needed to
 understand both the process and ecological consequences of rapid
 evolution. Here we quantified the suite of elements in individuals (i.e.,
 ionome) and the fluxes of key nutrients across populations of threespine
 stickleback. We find that allelic variation associated with freshwater
 adaptation that controls bony plating is associated with changes in the
 ionome and nutrient recycling. More broadly, we find that adaptation of
 marine fish to freshwater conditions shifts the ionomes of natural
 populations and populations raised in common gardens. In both cases
 ionomic divergence between populations was primarily driven by differences
 in trace elements rather than elements typically associated with bone.
 These findings demonstrate the utility of ecological stoichiometry and the
 importance of ionome-wide data in understanding eco-evolutionary dynamics.
description: Rudman_SticklebackICPData_171122ICP data used to construct figures 1A, 2A, and S1.Rudman_SticklebackExcretionData_171124Data on nutrient excretion by stickleback plate phenotype.RudmanSticklebackCAFluxData_180219Data on calcium uptake rates from individuals collected from different stickleback populations.Rudman_StickleabckPhosAssimData_180219Data on P assimilation efficiency of stickleback individuals.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mc24m6j
title: Data from: The contrasting hidden consequences of parasitism: effects of a hematophagous nematode (Uncinaria sp.) in the development of a marine mammal swimming behavior.

description: 1. Parasites are an important part of ecosystems, playing a critical role
 in their equilibrium. However, the consequences of parasitism beyond the
 direct effects associated with disease and mortality are not completely
 understood. This gap in knowledge is in part due to the difficulties to
 isolate the effect of single parasite species on physiological and
 behavioral traits in natural systems. 2. The South American fur seal
 (Arctocephalus australis)-hookworm (Uncinaria sp.) interaction offers an
 ideal system to overcome these difficulties and study the behavioral and
 physiological effects of parasites in their hosts. 3. Hookworms cause
 stunted growth and anemia in pinniped pups, which could affect early life
 active behaviors such as swimming. The aim of this study was to determine
 the effects of hookworms (Uncinaria sp.). on the development of swimming
 capabilities in A. australis through physiological and ethological
 analyses. 4. Higher parasite burden was associated with reduced growth
 rates and lower blood hemoglobin concentrations, whereas scaled body mass
 and blood hemoglobin levels had an important positive effect on the water
 activity of the pups. However, anti-hookworm treatment did not affect the
 level of water activity of the pups, and pups with high hookworm burden
 increased their time budget in water. This was probably related to lower
 maternal attendance in heavily parasitized pups, leaving these pups more
 time to perform water activities. Therefore, pups with heavy hookworm
 burden, despite having decreased growth rates and blood hemoglobin
 concentrations, compensated for their handicap in physiological traits
 related to swimming by spending more time in the water. 5. This work
 offers new insights to understand the contrasting effects of parasites on
 aquatic organisms, and the compensatory mechanisms employed by infected
 animals to avoid the worst consequences of parasitism.
description: SAFS_WaterSummary of water behavior, physiological variables and parasite burden in South American fur seal pups
DOI: 10.34894/go1rqb
title: Opening up? Exploring motives and needs of students and staff of a Dutch university on disclosing mental health issues to inform decision aid development
title: Interview Data

description: Decisions about disclosing mental health issues can be difficult, especially in the university setting. For this reason, students and staff of universities might benefit from decision support tools, such as the use of a decision aid. Currently, little is known about if and how people in this setting disclose and how decision support should look like. This study aimed to address this gap by exploring disclosure experiences and preferences for support.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with staff (n=10) and students (n=10), including participants who decided to (not) disclose their mental health condition. The participants were asked to complete a short questionnaire. Subsequently, they were interviewed about the decision to disclose and their needs regarding a potential disclosure decision aid. Interviews were analyzed using the Framework method.
description: The interview transcripts have been pseudonymized and put under restriction.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s7355g5
title: Data from: No additive genetic variance for tolerance to ethynylestradiol exposure in natural populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta)

description: One of the most common and potent pollutants of freshwater habitats is
 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2), a synthetic component of oral
 contraceptives that is not completely eliminated during sewage treatment
 and that threatens natural populations of fish. Previous studies found
 additive genetic variance for the tolerance against EE2 in different
 salmonid fishes and concluded that rapid evolution to this type of
 pollution seems possible. However, these previous studies were done with
 fishes that are lake-dwelling and hence typically less exposed to EE2 than
 river-dwelling species. Here we test whether there is additive genetic
 variance for the tolerance against EE2 also in river-dwelling salmonid
 populations that have been exposed to various concentrations of EE2 over
 the last decades. We sampled 287 adult brown trout (Salmo trutta) from 7
 populations that show much genetic diversity within populations, are
 genetically differentiated, and that vary in their exposure to
 sewage-treated effluent. In order to estimate their potential to evolve
 tolerance to EE2, we collected their gametes to produce 730 experimental
 families in block-wise full factorial in vitro fertilizations. We then
 raised 7,302 embryos singly in 2 mL containers each and either exposed
 them to 1 ng/L EE2 (an ecologically relevant concentration, i.e. 2 pg per
 embryo added in a single spike to the water) or sham-treated them.
 Exposure to EE2 increased embryo mortality, delayed hatching time, and
 decreased hatchling length. We found no population differences and no
 additive genetic variance for tolerance to EE2. We conclude that EE2 has
 detrimental effects that may adversely affect population even at a very
 low concentration, but that our study populations lack the potential for
 rapid genetic adaptation to this type of pollution. One possible
 explanation for the latter is that continuous selection over the last
 decades has depleted genetic variance for tolerance to this synthetic
 stressor.
description: Embryos_EE2The 7302 embryos of the 29 breeding blocks: their treatment, survival, hatching time, size at hatching, and size 24 days after hatchingdataEE2measurementsMeasurements of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) in 24-well plates with and without embryos across 5 time points. "below LOQ" means less than 0.1 ng/L (corresponds to less than 0.2 pg EE2 per well).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4ck2q0m
title: Data from: Predictable genome-wide sorting of standing genetic variation during parallel adaptation to basic versus acidic environments in stickleback fish

description: Genomic studies of parallel (or convergent) evolution often compare
 multiple populations diverged into two ecologically different habitats to
 search for loci repeatedly involved in adaptation. Because the shared
 ancestor of these populations is generally unavailable, the source of the
 alleles at adaptation loci, and the direction in which their frequencies
 were shifted during evolution, remain elusive. To shed light on these
 issues, we here use multiple populations of stickleback fish adapted to
 two different types of derived freshwater habitats – basic and acidic
 lakes on the island of North Uist, Outer Hebrides, Scotland – and the
 present-day proxy of their marine ancestor. In a first step, we combine
 genome-wide pooled sequencing and targeted individual-level sequencing to
 demonstrate that ecological and phenotypic parallelism in basic-acidic
 divergence is reflected by genomic parallelism in dozens of genome
 regions. Exploiting data from the ancestor, we next show that the acidic
 populations, residing in ecologically more extreme derived habitats, have
 adapted by accumulating alleles rare in the ancestor, whereas the basic
 populations have retained alleles common in the ancestor. Genomic
 responses to selection are thus predictable from the ecological difference
 of each derived habitat type from the ancestral one. This asymmetric
 sorting of standing genetic variation at loci important to basic-acidic
 divergence has further resulted in more numerous selective sweeps in the
 acidic populations. Finally, our data suggest that the maintenance of
 standing variation important to adaptive basic-acidic differentiation in
 marine fish does not require extensive hybridization between the marine
 and freshwater populations. Overall, our study reveals striking
 genome-wide determinism in both the loci involved in parallel divergence,
 and in the direction in which alleles at these loci have been selected.
description: novoalign_parametersCommand lines specifying the complete parameter settings used for the alignment of the fastq files from the acidic and basic populations, and for the alignment of fastq files from the marine individualsSNPmatrix.A.B.MMatrix of the 39,110,010 SNPs used for the basic-acidic analysesSNPmatrix.M.FWMatrix of the 3,402,802 freshwater and marine SNPs used for the marine-freshwater genome scan presented in the Supplementary Information (Fig. S3)Phylo_neutral_lonerSNPs_N10Fasta file containing concatenated neutral SNP genotypes at loner SNPs, used to generate the phylogeny (with 1 individual per population only)RCodesPairwiseComparisons
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b428v4g
title: Data from: Contest dynamics and assessment strategies in combatant monkey beetles (Scarabaeidae: Hopliini)

description: Some of the most striking examples of intrasexual contest competition are
 to be found in the insects, whose weaponry and contest behaviours have
 become highly intricate and diverse. Game theory has been used as a basis
 to develop models of the competitive assessment strategies that may be
 used by males to either judge their probability of winning by comparing
 their own fighting ability to that of their opponents, or to persist in
 contests for a period determined only by their own fighting ability.
 Conclusions from empirical studies about the means of assessment in their
 study systems have not, however, always been clear. In view of this, some
 authors have suggested that utilizing a broad suite of data concerning
 multiple facets of the study system may assist in gaining clearer insights
 into animal contests and assessment strategies. The present study
 integrates data on contest behaviour, weapon morphology, residency
 effects, cost accumulation, and correlates of contest success, to test
 game theory-informed models of competitive assessment strategies in the
 sexually dimorphic monkey beetle Heterochelus chiragricus. We found that
 males of all sizes engaged aggressively in intrasexual contests for mating
 access to sedentary females, utilizing their hypertrophied hind legs as
 weapons. Contest outcome was determined by hind femur size and strongly
 influenced by residency effects. We found mixed support for both pure
 self-assessment and mutual assessment contest strategies. Such
 inconclusive findings are not uncommon in animal contest assessment
 studies, even when contest cost and RHP data are contextualized with
 behavioural and ecological data.
description: Rink_monkeybeetles_contest_successVariables for GLM model used to assess the correlates of contest success in male-male contest competitions in monkey beetles.Rink_monkeybeetles_contest_durationData used to assess the relationship between residency effects, contestants' weapon sizes and contest duration.README
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2c5k96n
title: Data from: Non-native species spread in a complex network: the interaction of global transport and local population dynamics determines invasion success

description: The number of released individuals, which is a component of propagule
 pressure, is considered to be a major driver for the establishment success
 of non-native species. However, propagule pressure is often assumed to
 result from single or few release events, which does not necessarily apply
 to the frequent releases of invertebrates or other taxa through global
 transport. For instance, the high intensity of global shipping may result
 in frequent releases of large numbers of individuals, and the complexity
 of shipping dynamics impedes predictions of invasion dynamics. Here, we
 present a mathematical model for the spread of planktonic organisms by
 global shipping, using the history of movements by 33,566 ships among
 1,477 ports to simulate population dynamics for the comb jelly Mnemiopsis
 leidyi as a case study. The degree of propagule pressure at one site
 resulted from the coincident arrival of individuals from other sites with
 native or non-native populations. Key to sequential spread in European
 waters was a readily available source of propagules and a suitable
 recipient environment. These propagules were derived from previously
 introduced ‘bridgehead’ populations supplemented with those from native
 sources. Invasion success is therefore determined by the complex
 interaction of global shipping and local population dynamics. The general
 findings likely hold true for the spread of species in other complex
 systems, such as insects or plant seeds exchanged via commercial trade or
 transport.
description: Model code and input
 filesThe zip file contains C
 scripts and input files of the model described in our paper. The model
 itself is implemented in 'MLNetSpread_Model.c', and two main
 files exploring the parameter space are provided.
 'RunSimAnnMnemiopsisModel.c' applies simulated annealing to
 obtain a parameter settings, which fits the data best.
 'RunAllParmSettingsMnemiopsisModel.c' explores the range of the
 parameter space by testing individual parameter settings and their
 influence on model fit. The 'Inputfiles.zip' contains all
 necessary data files to run the model including the shipping data,
 environmental conditions and genetic data used for model
 fitting.ModelScriptsData.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r01cq00
title: Data from: The evolution of indiscriminate altruism in a cooperatively breeding mammal

description: Kin selection theory suggests that altruistic behaviours can increase the
 fitness of altruists when recipients are genetic relatives. Although
 selection can often favour the ability of organisms to preferentially
 cooperate with close kin, indiscriminately helping all group mates may
 yield comparable fitness returns if relatedness within groups is very
 high. Here, we show that meerkats (Suricata suricatta) are largely
 indiscriminate altruists who do not alter the amount of help provided to
 pups or group mates in response to their relatedness to them. We present a
 model showing that indiscriminate altruism may yield greater fitness
 payoffs than kin discrimination where most group members are close
 relatives and errors occur in the assessment of kinship. The presence of
 errors in the assessment of kinship provides a feasible explanation for
 associations between kin discriminative helping and group relatedness in
 cooperative breeding vertebrates.
description: IndiscriminateAltruismDatasetsA .zip file containing all datasets used for these analyses and the R code used for the modelling sections. Please be aware all individual and group identifiers have been randomised, whilst integrity within a dataset has been maintained, the identifiers are not compatible between the datasets of this paper or with datasets from other papers published with the Meerkat Project Data. Should you wish to access the data reasons other than repeatability testing please contact a PI working at the project.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jr412dq
title: Data from: Variation in chronic radiation exposure does not drive life history divergence among Daphnia populations across the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone

description: Ionising radiation is a mutagen with known negative impacts on individual
 fitness. However, much less is known about how these individual fitness
 effects translate into population-level variation in natural environments
 that have experienced varying levels of radiation exposure. In this study,
 we sampled genotypes of the freshwater crustacean, Daphnia pulex, from the
 eight inhabited lakes across the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ). Each lake
 has experienced very different levels of chronic radiation exposure since
 a nuclear power reactor exploded there over thirty years ago. The sampled
 Daphnia genotypes represent genetic snapshots of current populations and
 allowed us to examine fitness-related traits under controlled laboratory
 conditions at UK background dose rates. We found that whilst there was
 variation in survival and schedules of reproduction among populations,
 there was no compelling evidence that this was driven by variation in
 exposure to radiation. Previous studies have shown that controlled
 exposure to radiation at dose rates included in the range measured in the
 current study reduce survival, or fecundity, or both. One limitation of
 this study is the lack of available sites at high dose rates, and future
 work could test life history variation in various organisms at other high
 radiation areas. Our results are nevertheless consistent with the idea
 that other ecological factors, e.g., competition, predation or parasitism,
 are likely to play a much bigger role in driving variation among
 populations than exposure to the high radiation dose rates found in the
 CEZ. These findings clearly demonstrate that it is important to examine
 the potential negative effects of radiation across wild populations that
 are subject to many and varied selection pressures as a result of complex
 ecological interactions.
description: Goodman_etal_Chernobyl1Life history data for Daphnia pulex sampled in Chernobyl and assessed under natural UK background conditions in the laboratory.Goodman_etal_Chernobyl_nonrepData on non-reproducing Daphnia pulex sampled from the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone and tested under UK background radiation dose rates at the University of Stirling.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ck7k104
title: Data from: The dimensionality of stability depends on disturbance type

description: Ecosystems respond in various ways to disturbances. Quantifying ecological
 stability therefore requires inspecting multiple stability properties,
 such as resistance, recovery, persistence, and invariability. Correlations
 among these properties can reduce the dimensionality of stability,
 simplifying the study of environmental effects on ecosystems. A key
 question is how the kind of disturbance affects these correlations. We
 here investigated the effect of three disturbance types (random,
 species-specific, local) applied at four intensity levels, on the
 dimensionality of stability at the population and community level. We used
 previously parameterized models that represent five natural communities,
 varying in species richness and the number of trophic levels. We found
 that disturbance type but not intensity affected the dimensionality of
 stability and only at the population level. The dimensionality of
 stability also varied greatly among species and communities. Therefore,
 studying stability cannot be simplified to using a single metric and
 multi-dimensional assessments are still to be recommended.
description: Data_Radchuk_et_alThe data obtained by simulations with six different community models, as described in the related publication. These data were used in the analyses of the dimensionality of stability.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b03475b
title: Data from: Structure and genetic variability of golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) populations from Brazilian reservoirs

description: The golden mussel, Limnoperna fortunei a highly invasive species in
 Brazil, has generated productive, economical, and biological impacts. To
 evaluate genetic structure and variability of L. fortunei populations
 present in fish farms in the reservoirs of Canoas I (CANFF), Rosana
 (ROSFF), and Capivara (CAPFF) (Paranapanema river, Paraná, Brazil), eight
 microsatellite loci were amplified. Five of those eight loci resulted in
 38 alleles. The observed heterozygosity (Ho) was lower than the expected
 heterozygosity (He) in all populations, with a deviation from the
 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The average value for the inbreeding
 coefficient (Fis) was positive and significative for all populations.
 There was higher genetic variability within populations than among them.
 The fixation index (Fst) showed a small genetic variability among these
 populations. The occurrence of gene flow was identified in all
 populations, along with the lack of a recent bottleneck effect. The
 clustering analysis yielded K = 2, with genetic similarity between the
 three populations. The results demonstrate low genetic structure and
 suggest a founding population with greater genetic variability (ROSFF).
 Our data point to the possible dispersal of L. fortunei aided by anthropic
 factors in the upstream direction. It was concluded that the three
 populations presented a unique genetic pool for Paranapanema river, with
 occurrence of gene flow.
description: Population information
 and Alleles - Limnoperna fortuneiThis dataset describes
 the genotypes detected for 5 nuclear microsatellite markers in 3
 Limnoperna fortunei populations in the Paranapanema River. Locations of
 populations and number of individuals collected is also
 described.