cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc1sto801052
title: InscriptiFact -- an image database of inscriptions and artifacts

description: The InscriptiFact Collection is designed to allow access via the Internet to high-resolution images of ancient inscriptions and artifacts, primarily from the Near Eastern and Mediterranean Worlds. The targeted inscriptions constitute some of the world’s earliest written records, which are mostly housed in a number of international museums and libraries, as well as field projects where inscriptions still remain in situ. Included, for example, are, selected Dead Sea Scrolls; cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia, Persia, Canaan and Egypt; early Jewish papyri from Egypt; lapidary inscriptions, primarily from Jordan, Lebanon and Cyprus; inscriptions on a variety of hard media (e.g., ostraca, copper, semi-precious stones, jar handles) mostly written in early Canaanite, Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Ammonite and Edomite; and much more. These ancient texts are foundational documents that serve as a point of reference for Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the cultures out of which they emerged. The name "InscriptiFact" is intended to convey the concept of a scholarly archive based on "facts" about "inscriptions" and "artifacts." West Semitic Research Project (WSRP) under the auspices of the University of Southern California (USC) is broadly acknowledged as a leader in the application of photographic and digital technologies to capture and analyze data of ancient texts. The West Semitic Research image archive now contains approximately 1,500,000 images. Important! Search terms with more than one word or number need to be enclosed in quotation marks.Guide to Searching InscriptiFact
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15239304
title: Fragment

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] TAD D5.21 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Excavation of tell on island of Elephantine, beginning 20th c. by Berlin Museums and Paris Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres ❧ [Medium:] Papyrus ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Papyrus, P23127
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15239289
title: End of Letter Fragment

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] TAD D1.29 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Excavation of tell on island of Elephantine, beginning 20th c. by Berlin Museums and Paris Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres ❧ [Medium:] Papyrus ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Papyrus, P13461A, frg. 13445B/12,13
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15239303
title: Beginning of Letter, TAD D7.31

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] TAD D7.31; Sachau 84/7; Sachau Pl. 71/7 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Excavation of tell on island of Elephantine, beginning 20th c. by Berlin Museums and Paris Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Ostracon, P11379
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15239283
title: Fragment

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] TAD D3.9 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Excavation of tell on island of Elephantine, beginning 20th c. by Berlin Museums and Paris Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres ❧ [Medium:] Papyrus ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Papyrus, P23113
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245275
title: Rule of the Congregation

description: [Text Description:] Rules for the congregation in the time of the messiahs ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 1Q28a S a ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found in Cave 1 of Qumran during excavations between February 15 and March 5 1949, carried out of Roland de Vaux, G. L. Harding, and the Palestine Archaeological Museum. ❧ [Medium:] Parchment ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] One large piece of parchment with 2 columns of writing in carbon-based ink, darkened area upper left with multiple layers and bleedthrough of ink
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15239281
title: Fragment

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] TAD D5.30 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Excavation of tell on island of Elephantine, beginning 20th c. by Berlin Museums and Paris Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres ❧ [Medium:] Papyrus ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Papyrus, P23133
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245270
title: Mysteries

description: [Text Description:] Discourse on the mysteries of existence ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 1Q27 Myst ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found in Cave 1 of Qumran during excavations between February 15 and March 5 1949, carried out of Roland de Vaux, G. L. Harding, and the Palestine Archaeological Museum. ❧ [Medium:] Parchment ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] One large piece of parchment with 1 1/2 columns of writing in carbon-based ink, plus 16 smaller fragments
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15239272
title: Fragment

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] TAD D4.17 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Excavation of tell on island of Elephantine, beginning 20th c. by Berlin Museums and Paris Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres ❧ [Medium:] Papyrus ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Papyrus, P23121
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245268
title: Copper Scroll

description: [Text Description:] ❧ list of buried treasure ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 3Q15 Copper Scroll ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during survey of cliffs at Qumran in March 1952 by Roland de Vaux and William Reed. ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] 23 oxydized copper half-cylinder segments with incised letters
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245201
title: Copper Scroll

description: [Text Description:] ❧ list of buried treasure ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 3Q15 Copper Scroll ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during survey of cliffs at Qumran in March 1952 by Roland de Vaux and William Reed. ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] 23 oxydized copper half-cylinder segments with incised letters
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245265
title: Unclassified papyrus fragments

description: [Text Description:] Miscellaneous fragments ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 1Q70 pap unclassified frgs. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found in Cave 1 of Qumran during excavations between February 15 and March 5 1949, carried out of Roland de Vaux, G. L. Harding, and the Palestine Archaeological Museum. ❧ [Medium:] Papyrus ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] 32 papyrus fragments with carbon-based ink on one side
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245194
title: Copper Scroll

description: [Text Description:] ❧ list of buried treasure ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 3Q15 Copper Scroll ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during survey of cliffs at Qumran in March 1952 by Roland de Vaux and William Reed. ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] 23 oxydized copper half-cylinder segments with incised letters
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245203
title: Copper Scroll

description: [Text Description:] ❧ list of buried treasure ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 3Q15 Copper Scroll ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during survey of cliffs at Qumran in March 1952 by Roland de Vaux and William Reed. ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] 23 oxydized copper half-cylinder segments with incised letters
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gsuq2p
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 312 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Dendroaspis viridis",
 "HasCoordinate is TRUE"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 312 records from 16 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0028555-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110805696
title: Proto-Sinaitic Inscription 347, Sinai 347, Sass 18, Sass 20, Sass 21

description: [Text Description:] Possibly connected with goddess Hathor, inscription reads tnt ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Sinai 347 ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Script Note:] Early Alphabetic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Stone bust, 13.5 x 8.7 x 7 cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245189
title: Copper Scroll

description: [Text Description:] ❧ list of buried treasure ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 3Q15 Copper Scroll ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during survey of cliffs at Qumran in March 1952 by Roland de Vaux and William Reed. ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] 23 oxydized copper half-cylinder segments with incised letters
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110805682
title: Proto-Sinaitic Inscription 347, Sinai 347, Sass 18, Sass 20, Sass 21

description: [Text Description:] Possibly connected with goddess Hathor, inscription reads tnt ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Sinai 347 ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Script Note:] Early Alphabetic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Stone bust, 13.5 x 8.7 x 7 cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245191
title: Testamonia

description: [Text Description:] Quotations from the Bible on the theme of a prophet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 4Q175 Test ❧ [Excavation Description:] Cave 4 fragments purchased from Bedouin 1952; additional Cave 4 fragments found during excavation by Roland de Vaux and G. L. Harding September 1952. ❧ [Medium:] Parchment ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] One large piece of parchment, lower right corner missing, writing in carbon-based ink on one side
DOI: 10.15468/dl.56hy5u
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 245421 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Aquila clanga",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 245421 records from 191 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0028518-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110805680
title: Part of painted plaster wall

description: [Text Description:] Red, blue and black decoration with lines, circles and rosettes. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Ziyaret Tepe Archaeological Project, an international collaboration led by Prof. Tim Matney of the University of Akron, Ohio ❧ [Medium:] Plaster ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Assemblage of painted wall plaster
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc1sto801180
title: InscriptiFact -- an image database of inscriptions and artifacts

description: The InscriptiFact Collection is designed to allow access via the Internet to high-resolution images of ancient inscriptions and artifacts, primarily from the Near Eastern and Mediterranean Worlds. The targeted inscriptions constitute some of the world’s earliest written records, which are mostly housed in a number of international museums and libraries, as well as field projects where inscriptions still remain in situ. Included, for example, are, selected Dead Sea Scrolls; cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia, Persia, Canaan and Egypt; early Jewish papyri from Egypt; lapidary inscriptions, primarily from Jordan, Lebanon and Cyprus; inscriptions on a variety of hard media (e.g., ostraca, copper, semi-precious stones, jar handles) mostly written in early Canaanite, Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Ammonite and Edomite; and much more. These ancient texts are foundational documents that serve as a point of reference for Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the cultures out of which they emerged. The name "InscriptiFact" is intended to convey the concept of a scholarly archive based on "facts" about "inscriptions" and "artifacts." West Semitic Research Project (WSRP) under the auspices of the University of Southern California (USC) is broadly acknowledged as a leader in the application of photographic and digital technologies to capture and analyze data of ancient texts. The West Semitic Research image archive now contains approximately 1,500,000 images. Important! Search terms with more than one word or number need to be enclosed in quotation marks.Guide to Searching InscriptiFact
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110805676
title: Part of painted plaster wall

description: [Text Description:] Red, blue and black decoration with lines, circles and rosettes. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Ziyaret Tepe Archaeological Project, an international collaboration led by Prof. Tim Matney of the University of Akron, Ohio ❧ [Medium:] Plaster ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Assemblage of painted wall plaster
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258334
title: Amenophis III or Ramesses VI

description: [Text Description:] Falcon-headed man stands behind a mAat feather. Above is a sun disk (ra), below in a nb? Sign = nb?-mAat-ra. Because scarab is typical of New Kingdom, the name could be for Amenophis III/Ramesses VI. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by Hyatt Robert Von Dehn ❧ [Medium:] Faience ❧ [Script Note:] Hieroglyphs ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Dark green colored composite/faience stamp seal; ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 2.44cm; H: .96cm; W: 1.59cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110805658
title: Part of painted plaster wall

description: [Text Description:] Red, blue and black decoration with lines, circles and rosettes. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Ziyaret Tepe Archaeological Project, an international collaboration led by Prof. Tim Matney of the University of Akron, Ohio ❧ [Medium:] Plaster ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Text ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Assemblage of painted wall plaster
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258332
title: Scarab/Amulet

description: [Text Description:] In the center of the base, is a captured gazelle flanked by a falcon headed, kneeling men. Typical motif for Hyksos period. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by Hyatt Robert Von Dehn ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Steatite Scarab w/no glaze; bored lengthwise; chip at bore hole; undecorated back w/shaping and wear marks; crudely rendered but base inscription have decorative stroke marks ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.85cm; H: .81cm; W: 1.35cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258149
title: Design Scarab

description: [Text Description:] The inscription is of geometrical design. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by Hyatt Robert Von Dehn ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Steatite Scarab w/no glaze; bored lengthwise; crudely rendered; chip on left side of back ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.69cm; H: .71cm; W: 1.21cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258314
title: Amenophis III or Ramesses VI

description: [Text Description:] Inscription: 2 possible reading, a) nb-mAat-ra, nfr - either the throne name for Amenophis III/Ramesses VI, b) nfr mAat ra - beautiful is the truth of Ra ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by the Hearst Foundation ❧ [Medium:] Faience ❧ [Script Note:] Hieroglyphs ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Composite/Faience Scarab w/green color added to the mix; bored lengthwise ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.09cm; H: .57cm; W: 79cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258148
title: Queen Ty

description: [Text Description:] The inscription "Ty" has been stamped on. Top portion of base illegible. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by Hyatt Robert Von Dehn ❧ [Medium:] Faience ❧ [Script Note:] Hieroglyphs ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Blue colored composite/faience scarab; bored lengthwise w/top hole off center; crudely rendered and cracked overall; no leg design; base inscription stamped not incised. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.85cm; H: .87cm; W: 1.46cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258156
title: Chosen of Ra, stp.n ra

description: [Text Description:] Inscription: a falcon w/flail in front of a 'nfr' sign. Below are glyphs for stp.n ra - Chosen of Ra ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by the Hearst Foundation ❧ [Medium:] Faience ❧ [Script Note:] Hieroglyphs ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Green colored composite/faience scarab; bored lengthwise; substantial chips on head and prothorax ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.57cm; H: .69cm; W: 1.14cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258144
title: Shu

description: [Text Description:] The feather representing Sw (Shu), here is mis-rendered - usually written w/Maat feather. Next to feather is sA ra, nb - Son of Ra, Lord. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by the Hearst Foundation ❧ [Medium:] Faience ❧ [Script Note:] Hieroglyphs ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Blue, green colored composite/faience scarab; bored lengthwise; worn on elytra; legs decorated w/stroke marks ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.25cm; H: .55cm; W: .91cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258153
title: Ramesses VI

description: [Text Description:] Inscription difficult to read. Possible attempt to render both nomen and prenomen of Ramesses VI. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Gifted to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by Ruth Greenberg ❧ [Medium:] Faience ❧ [Script Note:] Hieroglyphs ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Composite/faience scarab w/dark green glaze; bored lengthwise ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.92cm; H: .99cm; W: 1.41cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258143
title: Scarab/Amulet

description: [Text Description:] In the center of the base, is a captured gazelle flanked by a falcon headed, kneeling men. Typical motif for Hyksos period. ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by Hyatt Robert Von Dehn ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Steatite Scarab w/no glaze; bored lengthwise; chip at bore hole; undecorated back w/shaping and wear marks; crudely rendered but base inscription have decorative stroke marks ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.85cm; H: .81cm; W: 1.35cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15245109
title: Rule of the Congregation

description: [Text Description:] Rules for the congregation in the time of the messiahs ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 1Q28a S a ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found in Cave 1 of Qumran during excavations between February 15 and March 5 1949, carried out of Roland de Vaux, G. L. Harding, and the Palestine Archaeological Museum. ❧ [Medium:] Parchment ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] One large piece of parchment with 2 columns of writing in carbon-based ink, darkened area upper left with multiple layers and bleedthrough of ink
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15258142
title: Semiprecious Scarab

description: [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by the Hearst Foundation ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Polished amethyst scarab; bored lengthwise - bore hole can be seen through the base of scarab; wear on back lines between prothorax & elytra; no inscription ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 2.08cm; H: 1.04cm; W: 1.42cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc1sto801174
title: InscriptiFact -- an image database of inscriptions and artifacts

description: The InscriptiFact Collection is designed to allow access via the Internet to high-resolution images of ancient inscriptions and artifacts, primarily from the Near Eastern and Mediterranean Worlds. The targeted inscriptions constitute some of the world’s earliest written records, which are mostly housed in a number of international museums and libraries, as well as field projects where inscriptions still remain in situ. Included, for example, are, selected Dead Sea Scrolls; cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia, Persia, Canaan and Egypt; early Jewish papyri from Egypt; lapidary inscriptions, primarily from Jordan, Lebanon and Cyprus; inscriptions on a variety of hard media (e.g., ostraca, copper, semi-precious stones, jar handles) mostly written in early Canaanite, Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Ammonite and Edomite; and much more. These ancient texts are foundational documents that serve as a point of reference for Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the cultures out of which they emerged. The name "InscriptiFact" is intended to convey the concept of a scholarly archive based on "facts" about "inscriptions" and "artifacts." West Semitic Research Project (WSRP) under the auspices of the University of Southern California (USC) is broadly acknowledged as a leader in the application of photographic and digital technologies to capture and analyze data of ancient texts. The West Semitic Research image archive now contains approximately 1,500,000 images. Important! Search terms with more than one word or number need to be enclosed in quotation marks.Guide to Searching InscriptiFact
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15244939
title: Glyptic button seal

description: [Text Description:] The base depicts a monkey holding a branch/plant, probably a palm leaf ❧ [Excavation Description:] Donated to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by the Hearst Foundation ❧ [Medium:] Faience ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Composite/Faience scarab w/dark green glaze; dark green color added to composite material as evidenced by the green color shown where ❧ break occurs; button seal ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.51cm; H: 1.40cm; W: 1.51cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc1sto801172
title: InscriptiFact -- an image database of inscriptions and artifacts

description: The InscriptiFact Collection is designed to allow access via the Internet to high-resolution images of ancient inscriptions and artifacts, primarily from the Near Eastern and Mediterranean Worlds. The targeted inscriptions constitute some of the world’s earliest written records, which are mostly housed in a number of international museums and libraries, as well as field projects where inscriptions still remain in situ. Included, for example, are, selected Dead Sea Scrolls; cuneiform tablets from Mesopotamia, Persia, Canaan and Egypt; early Jewish papyri from Egypt; lapidary inscriptions, primarily from Jordan, Lebanon and Cyprus; inscriptions on a variety of hard media (e.g., ostraca, copper, semi-precious stones, jar handles) mostly written in early Canaanite, Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Ammonite and Edomite; and much more. These ancient texts are foundational documents that serve as a point of reference for Judaism, Christianity, Islam and the cultures out of which they emerged. The name "InscriptiFact" is intended to convey the concept of a scholarly archive based on "facts" about "inscriptions" and "artifacts." West Semitic Research Project (WSRP) under the auspices of the University of Southern California (USC) is broadly acknowledged as a leader in the application of photographic and digital technologies to capture and analyze data of ancient texts. The West Semitic Research image archive now contains approximately 1,500,000 images. Important! Search terms with more than one word or number need to be enclosed in quotation marks.Guide to Searching InscriptiFact
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15244937
title: Thutmosis III

description: [Text Description:] The name of Thutmosis III is in the cartouche in center of scarab base flanked by two bound captives ❧ [Excavation Description:] Gifted to the Los Angeles County Museum of Art by Ruth Greenberg ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Script Note:] Hieroglyphs ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Steatite Scarab w/red glaze w/in the engraving; back worn from use ❧ [Physical Object Note:] L: 1.7cm, H: .75cm, W: 1.21cm
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15244953
title: Pesher Isaiah b

description: [Text Description:] Commentary or pesher on Isaiah 5:5-30 ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] 4Q162 pIsa b ❧ [Excavation Description:] Cave 4 fragments purchased from Bedouin 1952; additional Cave ❧ fragments found during excavation by Roland de Vaux and G. L. Harding September 1952. ❧ [Medium:] Parchment ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] One large piece of parchment writing in carbon-based ink on one side, one column in the middle, parts of columns on either edge