DOI: 10.60905/enjms2
title: Violencia conyugal, capital social y clase social en la comuna de Bel��n-Medell��n, 2013

description: La violencia conyugal (psicol��gica y f��sica), el capital social, la clase social y variables socio-demogr��ficas fueron analizados en una muestra representativa del total de las 38.408 parejas, heterosexuales, casadas o conviviendo por dos o m��s a��os, de la comuna de Bel��n, Medell��n, 2013, mediante un an��lisis descriptivo. Tambi��n, se estudi�� la asociaci��n del capital social, la clase social y algunas variables socio-demogr��ficas con dicha violencia mediante un an��lisis correlacional y de la interacci��n entre estos constructos; esto ��ltimo, mediante modelos de regresi��n log��stica multinomial. Esta investigaci��n fue un estudio transversal; se recogi�� la informaci��n en los hogares de los encuestados. Los hallazgos mostraron que esta violencia fue un fen��meno prevalente; en la violencia psicol��gica conyugal, 66 de cada 100 c��nyuges encuestados hab��an ejercido violencia psicol��gica menor; 18 violencia psicol��gica severa y 16 no la hab��an ejercido; en violencia f��sica conyugal, 77 de 100 c��nyuges encuestados no la hab��an ejercido, en 20 hab��a sido menor y en 3 severa. La violencia psicol��gica conyugal fue mucho m��s frecuente que la f��sica y, ambas disminuyeron en frecuencia y aumentaron en severidad al compararlas alguna vez en la vida (no incluido el ��ltimo a��o) y en los ��ltimos 12 meses. No hubo diferencias estad��sticamente significativas entre hombres y mujeres en ejercer la violencia conyugal (psicol��gica y f��sica), lo cual, rompe con el esquema tradicional de concebirla como una relaci��n ���v��ctima-victimario��� entre sus participantes. Tambi��n, se observ�� que los c��nyuges tienden a ejercer en igual intensidad la violencia del uno hacia el otro. Asimismo, se cuantific�� el riesgo de quienes ejerc��an la violencia conyugal (psicol��gica, f��sica) para sufrirla, encontr��ndose que era mayor, excepto en la f��sica.
description: Conjugal violence (psychological and physical), Social capital, Social Class and socio-demographic variables were analyzed in a representative sample of a total of 38.408 couples, heterosexual, married or cohabiting during two or more years, from the neighborhood of Bel��n, Medell��n, 2013; through a descriptive analysis. Also, association between Social Capital, Social Class, some socio-demographic variables and that violence was studied through a correlational analysis and these constructs interactional analysis; this latter, by multinomial logistic regression models. This research was a cross-sectional study; data was collected at respondent���s homes. Findings showed that conjugal violence was prevalent phenomenon; in psychological conjugal violence, 66 out of 100 parents surveyed had exerted minor psychological violence; 18 severe psychological violence and, 16 did not exerted this violence. In physical conjugal violence, 77 out of 100 partners surveyed had not exerted it; 20 exerted minor and 3 severe. Psychological conjugal violence was more frequent than physical and both decreased in frequency and increased in severity when comparing them ever in life (not included last year) and in the last 12 months. There were no statistically significant differences between men and women in exerting conjugal violence (psychological and physical); which breaks traditional scheme that conceived it as a ���victim-victimizer��� relationship between its participants. Also, it was observed that partners tend to perform violence at same intensity to each other. Likewise, it was estimated the risk to suffer conjugal violence of those who exert it; it was found greater except in physical one. On the other hand, it showed directly associated, severe conjugal psychological violence with high social participation, and minor conjugal psychological violence with high opinion about local area; thus, severe psychological violence would be more associated by individual factors and, maybe, by factors from the dynamic of the couple; whereas, minor psychological violence would be more associated by factors from neighborhood and community, such as, weak or non-existent relations between neighbors (weak social cohesion), limited community resources and physical disorder in neighborhood. This research showed that it is possible complexly to analyzed, in a systematic and comprehensive way, relevant context aspects of Conjugal Violence at the commune and individual level, using the constructs of Social Capital, social Class and socio-demographic variables.