DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1500
title: Data from: Is local adaptation in Mimulus guttatus caused by trade-offs at individual loci?

description: Local adaptation is considered to be the result of fitness trade-offs for
 particular phenotypes across different habitats. However, it is unclear
 whether such phenotypic trade-offs exist at the level of individual
 genetic loci. Local adaptation could arise from trade-offs of alternative
 alleles at individual loci or by complementary sets of loci with different
 fitness effects of alleles in one habitat but selective neutrality in the
 alternative habitat. To evaluate the genome-wide basis of local
 adaptation, we performed a field-based quantitative trait locus (QTL)
 mapping experiment on recombinant inbred lines (RILs) created from coastal
 perennial and inland annual races of the yellow monkeyflower (Mimulus
 guttatus) grown reciprocally in native parental habitats. Overall, we
 detected 19 QTLs affecting one or more of 16 traits measured in two
 environments, most of small effect. We identified 15 additional QTL
 effects at two previously identified candidate QTLs (DIVERGENCE [DIV]).
 Significant QTL by environment interactions were detected at the DIV loci,
 which was largely attributable to genotypic differences at a single field
 site. We found no detectable evidence for trade-offs for any one component
 of fitness, although DIV2 showed a trade-off involving different fitness
 traits between sites, suggesting that local adaptation is largely
 controlled by non-overlapping loci. This is surprising for an outcrosser,
 implying that reduced gene flow prevents the evolution of individuals
 adapted to multiple environments. We also determined that native genotypes
 were not uniformly adaptive, possibly reflecting fixed mutational load in
 one of the populations.
description: DUN x IM RIL M. guttatus
 genotype and linkage map data.xlsThis file includes the
 genotype data for EST markers, as described in Lowry et al. (2009) New
 Phytologist 183:776-788. These markers were genotyped in 191 recombinant
 inbred lines (RILs) from IM & DUN parents of Mimulus guttatus. Marker
 genotypes are: a=IM/IM homozygote, h=IM/DUN heterozygote, b=DUN/DUN
 homozygote. The markers are ordered by linkage group (1-14) and include
 distances (cM) between markers.Map_with_genotypes.xlsMimulus guttatus DUN x IM RIL reciprocal transplant field measurements.xlsThis excel file includes field measurements for 1-3 replicates (means) of 191 Recombinant Inbred lines (RILs) created from parents of two distinct ecological races of Mimulus guttatus:IM & DUN. These RILs were backcrossed to unrelated individuals of IM & DUN to generate BC-IM & BC-DUN lines, which were phenotyped in the natural field environment near where the original parents were collected, at the Oregon Dunes National Recreation Area & in the Western Cascades Mountains, Oregon. Detailed description of the lines & populations are in Hall & Willis (2006) Evolution 60:2466-2477. Sites are "IM" for Cascades, OR & "DUN" for Oregon Dunes. Traits are: ww=corolla wide width, ctl=corolla tube width, lw=leaf width, st=stem thickness, date1=date of first flower production, lvs=maximum number of leaves, diam=maximum rosette diameter, ht=maximum plant height, stol=stolon number, flrs=total flower number, F1=total 1st year seed production, P1=year 1 survival, F2=year 2 seed production, P2=year 2 survival, lambda=lifetime fitnessfieldpheno_ALL.xls