cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1g1jwsv10
title: Covid-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) breast cancer and racial disparities outcomes study

description: Background: Limited information is available for patients with breast
 cancer (BC) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially among
 underrepresented racial/ethnic populations. Methods: This is a COVID-19
 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19) registry-based retrospective cohort study of
 females with active or history of BC and laboratory-confirmed severe acute
 respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection diagnosed
 between March 2020 and June 2021 in the US. Primary outcome was COVID-19
 severity measured on a five-level ordinal scale, including none of the
 following complications, hospitalization, intensive care unit admission,
 mechanical ventilation, and all-cause mortality. Multivariable ordinal
 logistic regression model identified characteristics associated with
 COVID-19 severity. Results: 1,383 female patient records with BC and
 COVID-19 were included in the analysis, the median age was 61 years, and
 median follow-up was 90 days. Multivariable analysis revealed higher odds
 of COVID-19 severity for older age (aOR per decade, 1.48 [95% CI,
 1.32–1.67]); Black patients (aOR 1.74; 95 CI 1.24–2.45), Asian Americans
 and Pacific Islander patients (aOR 3.40; 95 CI 1.70–6.79) and Other (aOR
 2.97; 95 CI 1.71–5.17) racial/ethnic groups; worse ECOG performance status
 (ECOG PS ≥2: aOR, 7.78 [95% CI, 4.83–12.5]); pre-existing cardiovascular
 (aOR, 2.26 [95% CI, 1.63–3.15])/pulmonary comorbidities (aOR, 1.65 [95%
 CI, 1.20–2.29]); diabetes mellitus (aOR, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.66–3.04]); and
 active and progressing cancer (aOR, 12.5 [95% CI, 6.89–22.6]). Hispanic
 ethnicity, timing, and type of anti-cancer therapy modalities were not
 significantly associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes. The total all-cause
 mortality and hospitalization rate for the entire cohort were 9% and 37%,
 respectively; however, it varied according to the BC disease status.
 Conclusions: Using one of the largest registries on cancer and COVID-19,
 we identified patient- and BC-related factors associated with worse
 COVID-19 outcomes. After adjusting for baseline characteristics,
 underrepresented racial/ethnic patients experienced worse outcomes
 compared to Non-Hispanic White patients.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5mkkwh790
title: G-matrix stability of clinally diverging populations of an annual weed

description: How phenotypic and genetic divergence among populations is influenced by
 the genetic architecture of those traits, and how microevolutionary
 changes in turn affect the within-population patterns of genetic
 variation, are of major interest to evolutionary biology. Work on Ipomoea
 hederacea, an annual vine, has found genetic clines in the means of a
 suite of ecologically important traits, including flowering time, growth
 rate, seed mass, and corolla width. Here we investigate the genetic
 (co)variances of these clinally varying traits in two northern range-edge
 and two central populations of Ipomoea hederacea to evaluate the influence
 of the genetic architecture on divergence across the range. We find 1)
 limited evidence for clear differentiation between Northern and Southern
 populations in the structure of G, suggesting overall stability of G
 across the range despite mean trait divergence and 2) that the axes of
 greatest variation (gmax) were unaligned with the axis of greatest
 multivariate divergence. Together these results indicate the role of the
 quantitative genetic architecture in constraining evolutionary response
 and divergence among populations across the geographic range.
description: Data was collected on plants in a glasshouse as described in the
 methods section of the associated paper. Entries with NAs were removed.
 Data were standardized as described in the paper, and saved as new columns
 with the ".s" suffix. 
description: All analyses were performed in R.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qbzkh18mq
title: Using unoccupied aerial vehicles to estimate availability and group size error for aerial surveys of coastal dolphins

description: Aerial surveys are frequently used to estimate the abundance of marine
 mammals, but their accuracy is dependent upon obtaining a measure of the
 availability of animals for visual detection. Existing methods for
 characterizing availability have limitations and do not necessarily
 reflect true availability. Here, we present a method of using small,
 vessel‐launched, multi‐rotor Unoccupied Aerial Vehicles (UAVs or drones)
 to collect video of dolphins to characterize availability and investigate
 errors surrounding group size estimates. We collected over 20 h of aerial
 video of dive‐surfacing behaviour across 32 encounters with the Australian
 humpback dolphin Sousa sahulensis off north‐western Australia.
 Mean surfacing and dive periods were 7.85 sec
 (se = 0.26) and 39.27 sec (se = 1.31)
 respectively. Dolphin encounters were split into 56 focal follows of
 consistent group composition to which example approaches to estimating
 availability were applied. Non‐instantaneous availability estimates,
 assuming a 7-sec observation window, ranged between 0.22 and 0.88, with a
 mean availability of 0.46 (CV = 0.34). Availability tended to increase
 with increasing group size. We found a downward bias in group size
 estimation, with true group size typically one individual more than would
 have been estimated by a human observer during a standard aerial survey.
 The variability of availability estimates between focal follows highlights
 the importance of sampling across a variety of group sizes, compositions,
 and environmental conditions. Through data re‐sampling exercises, we
 explored the influence of sample size on availability estimates and their
 precision, with results providing an indication of target sample sizes to
 minimize bias in future research. We show that UAVs can provide an
 effective and relatively inexpensive method of characterizing dolphin
 availability with several advantages over existing approaches. The example
 estimates obtained for humpback dolphins are within the range of values
 obtained for other shallow‐water, small cetaceans, and will directly
 inform a government‐run program of aerial surveys in the region.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6m905qg3f
title: Code and data for: Modeling the interaction between salmon management and consumption by coastal brown bears

description: Harvest management policy for species with strong trophic connections can
 reverberate through food webs and cause unintended consequences such as
 altering the abundance of a harvested species’ predators or prey. Pacific
 salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.), a key food for many predators and an
 economically valuable harvested species, is generally managed for maximum
 sustained harvests without explicit consideration for the freshwater and
 terrestrial food webs which they support. The density of brown bear (Ursus
 arctos) populations in Alaska, USA is correlated with the amount of salmon
 they can access and consume, so it seems likely their populations are
 inadvertently affected by salmon management. We simulated the effect of
 salmon management policy on brown bears by customizing a general
 bear-salmon model using empirical data from three watersheds in southwest
 Kodiak, Alaska. Our goal was to quantify the effect of current salmon
 management policy (i.e., escapement goals and early/late run allocations)
 on salmon consumption by brown bears.  Bears in the individually
 based model evaluated the value of each foraging site based on salmon
 abundance, salmon vulnerability, and competition with other bears and made
 movement decisions (among salmon spawning sites) accordingly. 
 The two code files provided here contain the brown bear salmon simulation,
 the structure for setting and adjusting the parameters of the model, and
 two empirical datasets needed to run simulations.
description: "Bear_Fxns_to_Source_Kodiak.R" has all of
 the novel functions and the empirical datasets used in the simulations. It
 is not run directly, but is sourced from the "Kodiak_Model.R"
 file before setting the desired parameters and running the similation in
 parrallel using functions from the "snowfall"
 package.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7m0cfxpz3
title: Do changes in body mass alter white blood cell profiles and immune function in Australian cane toads (Rhinella marina)?

description: Variation in food resources can result in dramatic fluctuations in the
 body condition of animals dependent on those resources. Decreases in body
 mass can disrupt patterns of energy allocation and impose stress, thereby
 altering immune function. In this study we investigated links between
 changes in body mass of captive cane toads (Rhinella marina), their
 circulating white blood cell populations, and their performance in immune
 assays. Captive toads that lost weight over a 3-month period had increased
 levels of monocytes and heterophils and reduced levels of eosinophils.
 Basophil and lymphocyte levels were unrelated to changes in mass. Because
 individuals that lost mass had higher heterophil levels but stable
 lymphocyte levels, the ratio of these cell types was also higher,
 partially consistent with a stress response. Phagocytic ability of whole
 blood was higher in toads that lost mass, due to increased circulating
 levels of phagocytic cells. Other measures of immune performance were
 unrelated to mass change. These results highlight the challenges faced by
 invasive species as they expand their range into novel environments which
 may impose substantial seasonal changes in food availability that were not
 present in the native range. Individuals facing energy restrictions may
 shift their immune function towards more economical and general avenues of
 combating pathogens.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kwh70rz76
title: Stroke data from: Robust dynamic brain coactivation states estimated in individuals

description: A confluence of evidence indicates that brain functional connectivity (FC)
 is not static but rather dynamic. Capturing transient network interactions
 in the individual brain requires a technology that offers sufficient
 within-subject reliability. Here, we introduce an individualized
 network-based dynamics analysis technique and demonstrate that it is
 reliable in detecting subject-specific brain states during both resting
 state and a cognitively challenging language task. Moreover, we evaluated
 the extent to which brain states showed hemispheric asymmetries and how
 various phenotypic factors such as handedness and gender might influence
 network dynamics. We discovered a right-lateralized brain state that
 occurred more frequently in men than in women, and more frequently in
 right-handed versus left-handed individuals. Lastly, we demonstrated
 longitudinal brain state changes in 42 patients with subcortical stroke
 over 6 months. Taken together, this approach could quantify
 subject-specific dynamic brain states and has potential for use in both
 basic and clinical neuroscience research.
description: This is supplemental material for "X. Peng, Robust dynamic
 brain coactivation states estimated in individuals, Science Advances,
 2022".
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.02v6wwq6h
title: Spawning data for Tiger Cowrie and Arabian Cowrie

description: The spawning and larval culture of cowrie (Family Cypraeidae) are both
 difficult and little known, in part due to the long planktonic period of
 most species. In this study, we describe the captive spawning behaviour
 and larval development of two tropical cowrie species, Cypraea tigris and
 Mauritia arabica. Both species brooded over their egg masses before
 hatching occurred and larvae were collected for culture under laboratory
 conditions. The brooding period for C. tigris was between 7 and 17 days,
 and freshly hatched veligers were approximately 200–240 µm in size.
 Cypraea tigris larvae were reared for up to 37 days in culture but did not
 achieve successful settlement. The brooding period for M. arabica was
 between 7 and 10 days, and hatched veligers were approximately 160–205 µm
 in size. The first settled juvenile M. arabica was observed at 70 days
 post-hatch. Our findings from this study represent the first comprehensive
 documentation of successful metamorphosis of Cypraeidae larvae,
 particularly M. arabica, into early-stage juvenile.
description: Spawning and brooding behaviour of cowries observed in
 flow-through aquarium setup. Upon hatching, larvae were collected for
 culture under laboratory conditions. Data on spawning
 dates, incubation period and hatching dates were collected.
 Egg masses were measured, a sample of capsules were collected for
 measurements (n=5) and for counting of larvae in each capsule (n=3). Total
 number of larvae harvested were also recorded.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3xsj3txkp
title: Growth, mortality and infection success data from Procambarus virginalis infection trials

description: The dataset STRIVE consists of two files which contain: (1) measurements
 of wet weight (g) and total length (mm) of juvenile marbled crayfish
 (Procambarus virginalis) used in infection trials performed at the
 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb; and (2)
 records of juvenile marbled crayfish mortality and detection of crayfish
 plague pathogen (Aphanomyces astaci) in individuals used in infection
 trials under (1). Two sets of experiments were performed: Experiment 1
 where juvenile marbled crayfish were continuously exposed to two
 concentrations of A. astaci (7500 and 15000 zoospore/mL) and Experiment 2
 where juveniles were exposed to a higher pathogen load (15000
 zoospores/mL) but under differing feeding regime (once a week vs. five
 times a week). In both experiments, all infected groups had respective
 non-infected control groups. Infections were repeated every two weeks, and
 individuals were measured and weighed before consecutive infections. Wet
 weight was measured using a digital scale, while the total length was
 measured from photographs using the image processing program, ImageJ. All
 crayfish were tested at the end of experiments for the presence of A.
 astaci in the crayfish cuticle using PCR-based assay with specific primers
 which amplify the ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) region of the A.
 astaci 5.8 rRNA gene.
description: All experimental protocols are described in detail in the
 publication Dobrović et al. (2022). Recurring infection by crayfish plague
 pathogen only marginally affects survival and growth of marbled crayfish.
 NeoBiota 77 (155-177), and accompanying Supplementary Information (SI).
 Briefly, two sets of experiments were performed - Experiment 1 where
 juvenile marbled crayfish were continuously exposed to two concentrations
 of crayfish plague pathogen (7500 and 15000 zoospore/mL) and Experiment 2
 where juveniles were exposed to a higher pathogen load (15000
 zoospores/mL) but under differing feeding regime (once a week vs. five
 times a week). Infections were repeated every two weeks, and individuals
 were measured and weighted before consecutive infections. Mortality was
 recorded regularly, and both dead and surviving crayfish were tested at
 the end of experiments for the presence of crayfish plague pathogen
 (<em>Aphanomyces astaci</em>) in the crayfish
 cuticle.
description: No specific programs/software are required to open data files.
 Statistical analyses and graphical representation of results are available
 in the NeoBiota publication (Dobrović et al., in press) and were performed
 in the R statistical environment (R version 3.6.3, R Studio
 1.2.5033).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3j9kd51np
title: Solid-state-like high harmonic generation from cluster molecules with rotational periodicities

description: High harmonic generation (HHG) from solid-state crystals in strong laser
 fields has been understood by the band structure of the solids, which is
 based on the periodic boundary condition (PBC) due to translational
 invariance. For the systems with PBC due to rotational invariance, an
 analogous Bloch theorem can be applied. Considering a ring-type cluster of
 cyclo[18]carbon as an example, we develop a quasi-band model and predict
 the solid state-like HHG in this system. Under the irradiation of linearly
 polarized laser field, cyclo[18]carbon exhibits solid-state-like HHG
 originated from intra-band oscillations and inter-band transitions, which
 in turn is promising to optically detect the symmetry and geometry of
 controversial structures. Our results based on the Liouville-von-Neumann
 equations are well reproduced by the time-dependent density functional
 theory calculations and are foundational in providing a connection linking
 the HHG physics of gases and solids.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.z612jm6fv
title: A machine learning based prediction model for life expectancy

description: The social and financial systems of many nations throughout the world are
 significantly impacted by life expectancy (LE) models. Numerous studies
 have pointed out the crucial effects that life expectancy projections will
 have on societal issues and the administration of the global healthcare
 system. The computation of life expectancy has primarily entailed building
 an ordinary life table. However, the life table is limited by its long
 duration, the assumption of homogeneity of cohorts and censoring. As a
 result, a robust and more accurate approach is inevitable. In this study,
 a supervised machine learning model for estimating life expectancy rates
 is developed. The model takes into consideration health, socioeconomic,
 and behavioral characteristics by using the eXtreme Gradient Boosting
 (XGBoost) algorithm to data from 193 UN member states. The effectiveness
 of the model's prediction is compared to that of the Random Forest
 (RF) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) regressors utilized in earlier
 research. XGBoost attains an MAE and an RMSE of 1.554 and 2.402,
 respectively outperforming the RF and ANN models that achieved MAE and
 RMSE values of 7.938 and 11.304, and 3.86 and 5.002, respectively. The
 overall results of this study support XGBoost as a reliable and efficient
 model for estimating life expectancy.
description: Secondary data were used from which a sample of 2832 observations
 of 21 variables was sourced from the World Health Organization (WHO) and
 the United Nations (UN) databases. The data was on 193 UN member states
 from the year 2000–2015, with the LE health-related factors drawn from the
 Global Health Observatory data repository.
description: Microsoft Excel
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7hc9bw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 24360 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Eiseniella",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 24360 records from 200 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003310-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jdfn2z3f2
title: Temporal stability of polymorphic Arctic charr parasite communities reflect sustained divergent trophic niches

description: Polymorphic Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus populations frequently display
 distinct differences in habitat use, diet and parasite communities.
 Changes to the relative species densities and composition of the wider
 fish community have the potential to alter the habitat-niche of sympatric
 Arctic charr populations. This study evaluated the temporal stability of
 the parasite community, diet and stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) of three
 sympatric Arctic charr morphs (piscivore, benthivore and planktivore) from
 Loch Rannoch, Scotland, in relation to changes to the fish community. All
 Arctic charr morphs displayed distinct differences parasite communities,
 diet and stable isotope signatures over time, despite the establishment of
 four new trophically transmitted parasite taxa, and increased fish and
 zooplankton consumption by the piscivorous and planktivore morphs
 respectively. Native parasite prevalence also increased in all Arctic
 charr morphs. Overall, Loch Rannoch polymorphic Arctic charr morph
 populations have maintained their distinct trophic niches and parasite
 communities through time despite changes in the fish community. This
 result indicates that restocking of a native fish species has the
 potential to induce shifts in the parasite community and diet of Arctic
 charr morphs.
description: Please see the README document ("README.md") and the
 accompanying published article: Rochat
 E.C., Paterson R.A.,
 Blasco-Costa I., Power M., Adams C.E., Greer R. and Knudsen R. (2022)
 “Temporal stability of polymorphic Arctic charr parasite communities
 reflect sustained divergent trophic niches” Accepted: Ecology and
 evolution (ID: ECE39460).  
description: Please see the README document ("README.md") and the
 accompanying published article: Rochat
 E.C., Paterson R.A.,
 Blasco-Costa I., Power M., Adams C.E., Greer R. and Knudsen R. (2022)
 “Temporal stability of polymorphic Arctic charr parasite communities
 reflect sustained divergent trophic niches” Accepted: Ecology and
 evolution (ID: ECE39460).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2bvq83btp
title: Data for: Relationships between reproductive character displacement in genital morphology and the population-level cost of interspecific mating: Implications for the Templeton effect

description: Natural selection against maladaptive interspecific reproductive
 interactions may cause greater divergence in mating traits between
 sympatric populations than between allopatric populations in a pair of
 species, known as reproductive character displacement (RCD), evidence for
 the lock-and-key hypothesis of genital evolution. However, the relative
 importance of various processes contributing to RCD in genital morphology
 (e.g., reinforcement, reproductive interference, and population filtering
 or the Templeton effect) is not clear. Here, we examined hypotheses for
 RCD in genital morphology, with a special focus on the Templeton effect
 (which predicts that only highly differentiated populations can exist in
 sympatry). We examined population-level fitness costs in interspecific
 mating between Carabus maiyasanus and C.
 iwawakianus with RCD in genital morphology. A mating experiment
 using populations with various degrees of RCD in genital morphology showed
 no evidence for consistently lower interspecific mating costs
 in C. maiyasanus populations in contact with
 displacement in genital morphology than in remote populations, contrary to
 the predictions of the Templeton effect. Alternatively, interspecific
 mating costs varied among populations. Observed relationships between the
 sizes of genital parts concerning isolation and interspecific mating costs
 across populations suggested that population-level fitness costs do not
 necessarily decrease during the process leading to RCD. Our results
 provide insight into ecological and evolutionary processes during
 secondary contact in closely related species.