cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.15527
title: Data from: Food supplementation fails to reveal a trade-off between incubation and self-maintenance in female house wrens

description: Incubating birds must allocate their time and energy between maintaining
 egg temperature and obtaining enough food to meet their own metabolic
 demands. We tested the hypothesis that female house wrens (Troglodytes
 aedon) face a trade-off between incubation and self-maintenance by
 providing females with supplemental food during incubation. We predicted
 that food supplementation would increase the amount of time females
 devoted to incubating their eggs, lower their baseline plasma
 corticosterone levels (a measure of chronic stress), and increase their
 body mass, haematocrit (a measure of anaemia), and reproductive success
 relative to control females. As predicted, food-supplemented females spent
 a greater proportion of time incubating their eggs than control females.
 Contrary to expectation, however, there was no evidence that food
 supplementation significantly influenced female baseline plasma
 corticosterone levels, body mass, haematocrit, or reproductive success.
 However, females with high levels of corticosterone at the beginning of
 incubation were more likely to abandon their nesting attempt after capture
 than females with low levels. Corticosterone significantly increased
 between the early incubation and early nestling stages of the breeding
 cycle in all females. These results suggest that although food
 supplementation results in a modest increase in incubation effort, it does
 not lead to significantly lower levels of chronic stress as reflected in
 lower baseline corticosterone levels. We conclude that female house wrens
 that begin the incubation period with low levels of plasma corticosterone
 can easily meet their own nutritional needs while incubating their eggs,
 and that any trade-off between incubation and self-feeding does not
 influence female reproductive success under the conditions at the time of
 our study.
description: Lothery et al raw data
 and keyThe raw data are
 contained in sheet one. There is a key in the second sheet of the
 spreadsheet to explain column names.Lothery et al Dryad data
 file.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j8p21
title: Data from: Coupling demographic and genetic variability from archived collections of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus).

description: It is well known that temporal fluctuations in small populations deeply
 influence evolutionary potential. Less well known is whether fluctuations
 can influence the evolutionary potentials of species with large census
 sizes. Here, we estimated genetic population parameters from as survey of
 polymorphic microsatellite DNA loci in archived otoliths from Adriatic
 European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), a fish with large census sizes
 that supports numerous local fisheries. Stocks have fluctuated greatly
 over the past few decades, and the Adriatic fishery collapsed in 1987. Our
 results show a significant reduction of mean genetic parameters as a
 consequence of the population collapse. In addition, estimates of
 effective population size (Ne) are much smaller than those expected in a
 fishes with large population census sizes (Nc). Estimates of Ne indicate
 low effective population sizes, even before the population collapse. The
 ratio Ne/Ne ranged between 10−6 and 10−8, indicating a large discrepancy
 between the anchovy gene pool and population census size. Therefore,
 anchovy populations may be more vulnerable to fishery effort and
 environmental change than previously thought.
description: Dataset Ruggeri et al.
 (archived anchovies DNA)Dataset in spreadsheet
 format reporting basic information about (microsatellite) genotypes and
 collection data from an archived DNA study of European anchovy (Engraulis
 ancrasicolus) in the Adriatic basin.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p15hr
title: Data from: Attack risk for butterflies changes with eyespot number and size

description: Butterfly eyespots are known to function in predator deflection and
 predator intimidation, but it is still unclear what factors cause eyespots
 to serve one function over the other. Both functions have been
 demonstrated in different species that varied in eyespot size, eyespot
 number and wing size, leaving the contribution of each of these factors to
 butterfly survival unclear. Here, we study how each of these factors
 contributes to eyespot function by using paper butterfly models, where
 each factor is varied in turn, and exposing these models to predation in
 the field. We find that the presence of multiple, small eyespots results
 in high predation, whereas single large eyespots (larger than 6 mm in
 diameter) results in low predation. These data indicate that single large
 eyespots intimidate predators, whereas multiple small eyespots produce a
 conspicuous, but non-intimidating signal to predators. We propose that
 eyespots may gain an intimidation function by increasing in size. Our
 measurements of eyespot size in 255 nymphalid butterfly species show that
 large eyespots are relatively rare and occur predominantly on ventral wing
 surfaces. By mapping eyespot size on the phylogeny of the family
 Nymphalidae, we show that these large eyespots, with a potential
 intimidation function, are dispersed throughout multiple nymphalid
 lineages, indicating that phylogeny is not a strong predictor of eyespot
 size.
description: Nymphalid Eyespot
 DataThis file contains
 eyespot area (in mm2) for all the species measured for the phylogenetic
 component of the paper. Area was obtained by taking two perpendicular
 diameters for each eyespot and taking the area of the calculated
 elipse.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n141b
title: Data from: Facultative grazing and bioturbation by macrodetritivores alter saltmarsh plant-plant interactions under stress

description: The importance of positive plant-plant interactions is generally suggested
 to increase towards more stressful conditions, due to mutual stress
 amelioration between plants. Bioturbating macrodetritivores can also
 ameliorate stress through bioturbation, but can also become selective
 herbivores under food-limited conditions, making the outcome of
 plant-plant interactions under stress in the presence of macrodetritivores
 unclear. We studied how combining environmental stress (waterlogging) with
 the presence of the soil macrodetritivore Orchestia gammarellus affected
 the outcome of the interaction between two salt marsh plants: the tall,
 late successional Elytrigia atherica and the shorter, early successional
 Festuca rubra. In a replacement design competition experiment under
 controlled conditions, we found that soil redox potential was negatively
 affected by waterlogging and positively affected by the presence of O.
 gammarellus. The survival and shoot biomass of E. atherica was not
 significantly affected by waterlogging or by the presence of bioturbators.
 The survival and shoot biomass of F. rubra was especially decreased when
 waterlogging was combined with the presence of O. gammarellus, as this
 macrodetritivore turned into a selective grazer on F. rubra under these
 conditions. We found that E. atherica produced double shoot biomass and F.
 rubra produced much less shoot biomass in their mixed cultures than was
 expected from the monocultures of same waterlogging/Orchestia treatments.
 Hence, the presence of the bioturbator strongly promoted the competitive
 advantage of E. atherica over F. rubra due to the combination of stress
 amelioration for the first species and selective herbivory on the second
 species. Synthesis: This study shows that the inclusion of bioturbating
 macrodetritivores complicates the standard prediction that plant-plant
 interactions become more positive towards more stressful conditions. A
 novel insight is that macrodetritivores can affect the structure and
 diversity of plant communities through multiple mechanisms. Under benign
 conditions bioturbating macrodetritivores ameliorated soil conditions,
 permitting co-occurrence of competing plant species. At high environmental
 stress (waterlogging) macrodetritivores selectively graze higher quality
 plant species and emerging seedlings, thus promoting dominance of the
 lower quality species. Hence the facultative feeding behavior of
 macrodetritivores deserves further attention.
description: Howison_et_al_2016_Facultative_Grazing_ArchivedDatasetExcel spreadsheet containing 3 datasheets: Redox, Survival and Yield. Data in RAW unprocessed format
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4p6v6
title: Data from: Unexpected consequences of a drier world: evidence that delay in late summer rains biases the population sex ratio of an insect

description: The complexity of animal life histories makes it difficult to predict the
 consequences of climate change on their populations. In this paper, we
 show, for the first time, that longer summer drought episodes, such as
 those predicted for the dry Mediterranean region under climate change, may
 bias insect population sex ratio. Many Mediterranean organisms, like the
 weevil Curculio elephas, become active again after summer drought. This
 insect depends on late summer rainfall to soften the soil and allow adult
 emergence from their underground refuges. We found that, as in many
 protandric species, more C. elephas females emerged later in the season.
 Male emergence timing was on average earlier and also more dependent on
 the beginning of late summer rainfall. When these rains were delayed, the
 observed weevil sex ratio was biased towards females. So far, the effects
 of global warming on animal sex ratios has been reported for
 temperature-dependent sex determination in reptiles. Our results show that
 rainfall timing can also bias the sex ratio in an insect, and highlight
 the need for keeping a phenological perspective to predict the
 consequences of climate change. We must consider not just the magnitude of
 the predicted changes in temperature and rainfall but also the effects of
 their timing.
description: Full_data_set_Bonal_RSOS_2015The Excel file contains 5 data Sheets. The first one includes the information of the number of males and females collected in those traps in which at least one individual was captured. It also includes the date of the beginning of late summer rain and the total rainfall recorded all over the weevil emergence period for each year. The second sheet includes the number of males and females collected along the weevil emergence period pooling together the data of the five study years. The third shows the mean emergence date of the males and females collected at each trap and the date of the beginning of late summer rainfall each study year. The fourth and the fifth include the mean elytra length of the females and males collected at each trap along the weevil emergence period pooling together the data of the five study years. The sixth includes the rainfall probability along the weevil emergence period pooling together the date from all the temporal series available at the meteorological station. In all cases the sampling unit is the trap. The study period was divided in 12 weeks: Week 1 (August 4th to 10th ) to Week 12 (October 20th to 26th). Sex is coded as 1 males and 2 females. For the dates Julian dates are used, being January 1st the Day 1. Rainfall was recorded in litres/m2.Bonal_RSOS_2015.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8nq547q
title: Data from: Split between two worlds: automated sensing reveals links between above- and belowground social networks in a free-living mammal

description: Many animals socialize in two or more major ecological contexts. In
 nature, these contexts often involve one situation in which space is more
 constrained (e.g. shared refuges, sleeping cliffs, nests, dens or burrows)
 and another situation in which animal movements are relatively free (e.g.
 in open spaces lacking architectural constraints). Although it is widely
 recognized that an individual's characteristics may shape its social
 life, the extent to which architecture constrains social decisions within
 and between habitats remains poorly understood. Here we developed a novel,
 automated-monitoring system to study the effects of personality,
 life-history stage and sex on the social network structure of a
 facultatively social mammal, the California ground squirrel
 (Otospermophilus beecheyi) in two distinct contexts: aboveground where
 space is relatively open and belowground where it is relatively
 constrained by burrow architecture. Aboveground networks reflected
 affiliative social interactions whereas belowground networks reflected
 burrow associations. Network structure in one context (belowground), along
 with preferential juvenile–adult associations, predicted structure in a
 second context (aboveground). Network positions of individuals were
 generally consistent across years (within contexts) and between ecological
 contexts (within years), suggesting that individual personalities and
 behavioural syndromes, respectively, contribute to the social network
 structure of these free-living mammals. Direct ties (strength) tended to
 be stronger in belowground networks whereas more indirect paths
 (betweenness centrality) flowed through individuals in aboveground
 networks. Belowground, females fostered significantly more indirect paths
 than did males. Our findings have important potential implications for
 disease and information transmission, offering new insights into the
 multiple factors contributing to social structures across ecological
 contexts.
description: Smith et al._Split
 between worlds_NodeAttributes_2016Node-based attributes
 for 2016Smith et al._Split
 between worlds_NodeAttributes_2017Node-based attributes
 for 2017Smith et al._Split
 between worlds_Aboveground_AIs_2016Aboveground associations
 in 2016Smith et al._Split
 between worlds_Aboveground_AIs_2017Aboveground associations
 in 2017Smith et al._Split
 between worlds_Belowground_AIs_2016Belowground associations
 in 2016Smith et al._Split
 between worlds_Belowground_AIs_2017Belowground associations
 in 2017
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.503d9
title: Data from: Examination of a historic collection of isolated cranial and appendicular hadrosaurid material from the lower Kirtland Formation of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico

description: The Field Museum of Natural History collection contains several isolated
 hadrosaurid specimens collected by Charles H. Sternberg from the lower
 Kirtland Formation of the San Juan Basin, New Mexico, that have been
 previously overlooked. Cranial elements described herein consist of a
 dentary and three jugals while appendicular material is limited to two
 humeri and two pubes. Many of the specimens preserve taxonomically
 informative characters that show strong affinities with Kritosaurini but
 are distinct from Kritosaurus navajovius (Brown, 1910) suggesting that the
 saurolophine-dominated San Juan Basin diversity is greater than currently
 recognized. Future examination of currently unprepared material will add
 to our developing understanding of the ambiguous hadrosaurid diversity of
 the San Juan Basin.
description: Supplementary Materials
 1 - Description of charactersCharacters
 (Prieto-Márquez, 2010a) used for Sternberg SJB materials in the present
 study.Appendix1_Wosik.docxSupplementary Materials 2 - Character state scoresCharacter state scores of Sternberg SJB materials used in this analysis are listed for each respective element.Appendix2_Wosik.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m5d78
title: Data from: The ecological importance of intraspecific variation

description: Human activity is causing wild populations to experience rapid trait
 change and local extirpation. The resulting effects on intraspecific
 variation could have substantial consequences for ecological processes and
 ecosystem services. Although researchers have long acknowledged that
 variation among species influences the surrounding environment, only
 recently has evidence accumulated for the ecological importance of
 variation within species. We conducted a meta-analysis comparing the
 ecological effects of variation within a species (intraspecific effects)
 with the effects of replacement or removal of that species (species
 effects). We evaluated direct and indirect ecological responses, including
 changes in abundance (or biomass), rates of ecological processes and
 changes in community composition. Our results show that intraspecific
 effects are often comparable to, and sometimes stronger than, species
 effects. Species effects tend to be larger for direct ecological responses
 (for example, through consumption), whereas intraspecific effects and
 species effects tend to be similar for indirect responses (for example,
 through trophic cascades). Intraspecific effects are especially strong
 when indirect interactions alter community composition. Our results
 summarize data from the first generation of studies examining the relative
 ecological effects of intraspecific variation. Our conclusions can help
 inform the design of future experiments and the formulation of strategies
 to quantify and conserve biodiversity.
description: Supplementary
 Meta-analysis Data for Des Roches et al.List of studies,
 characteristics of experimental design, response variables measured, and
 summary statistics (mean, standard deviations, sample sizes) from which
 effect sizes were calculated.DesRoches_etal_NEE_Supplementary_Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.823
title: Data from: Molecular and morphological phylogenetics of weevils (Coleoptera, Curculionoidea): do niche shifts accompany diversification?

description: The main goals of this study were to provide a robust phylogeny for the
 families of the superfamily Curculionoidea, to discover relationships and
 major natural groups within the family Curculionidae, and to clarify the
 evolution of larval habits and host-plant associations in weevils to
 analyze their role in weevil diversification. Phylogenetic relationships
 among the weevils (Curculionoidea) were inferred from analysis of
 nucleotide sequences of 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA; ~2,000 bases) and 115
 morphological characters of larval and adult stages. A worldwide sample of
 100 species was compiled to maximize representation of weevil
 morphological and ecological diversity. All families and the main
 subfamilies of Curculionoidea were represented. The family Curculionidae
 sensu lato was represented by about 80 species in 30
 "subfamilies" of traditional classifications. Phylogenetic
 reconstruction was accomplished by parsimony analysis of separate and
 combined molecular and morphological data matrices and Bayesian analysis
 of the molecular data; tree topology support was evaluated. Results of the
 combined analysis of 18S rDNA and morphological data indicate that
 monophyly of and relationships among each of the weevil families are well
 supported with the topology ((Nemonychidae, Anthribidae) (Belidae
 (Attelabidae (Caridae (Brentidae, Curculionidae))))). Within the clade
 Curculionidae sensu lato, the basal positions are occupied by mostly
 monocot-associated taxa with the primitive type of male genitalia followed
 by the Curculionidae sensu stricto, which is made up of groups with the
 derived type of male genitalia. High support values were found for the
 monophyly of some distinct curculionid groups such as Dryophthorinae
 (several tribes represented) and Platypodinae (Tesserocerini plus
 Platypodini), among others. However, the subfamilial relationships in
 Curculionidae are unresolved or weakly supported. The phylogeny estimate
 based on combined 18S rDNA and morphological data suggests that
 diversification in weevils was accompanied by niche shifts in host-plant
 associations and larval habits. Pronounced conservatism is evident in
 larval feeding habits, particularly in the host tissue consumed. Multiple
 shifts to use of angiosperms in Curculionoidea were identified, each time
 associated with increases in weevil diversity and subsequent shifts back
 to gymnosperms, particularly in the Curculionidae.
description: Marvaldi et al Data
 SetMarvaldi_tbl2.htm
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5t110
title: Data from: Chemical warfare among invaders: a detoxification interaction facilitates an ant invasion

description: As tawny crazy ants (Nylanderia fulva) invade the southern USA, they often
 displace imported fire ants (Solenopsis invicta). Following exposure to S.
 invicta venom, N. fulva applies abdominal exocrine gland secretions to its
 cuticle. Bioassays reveal that these secretions detoxify S. invicta venom.
 Further, formic acid, from N. fulva venom, is the detoxifying agent. N.
 fulva exhibits this detoxification behavior after conflict with a variety
 of ant species; however, it expresses it most intensely after interactions
 with S. invicta. This behavior may have evolved in their shared South
 American native range. The unique capacity to detoxify a major
 competitor’s venom likely contributes substantially to its ability to
 displace S. invicta populations, making this behavior a causative agent in
 the ecological transformation of regional arthropod assemblages.
description: LeBrun et al Detox data
 archive
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9n0p1
title: Data from: Population structure of a widespread bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) in an island system

description: Dispersal is a driving factor in the creation and maintenance of
 biodiversity, yet little is known about the effects of habitat variation
 and geography on dispersal and population connectivity in most mammalian
 groups. Bats of the family Molossidae are fast-flying mammals thought to
 have potentially high dispersal ability, and recent studies have indicated
 gene flow across hundreds of kilometers in continental North American
 populations of the Brazilian free-tailed bat, Tadarida brasiliensis. We
 examined the population genetics, phylogeography, and morphology of this
 species in Florida and across islands of The Bahamas, which are part of an
 island archipelago in the West Indies. Previous studies indicate that bats
 in the family Phyllostomidae, which are possibly less mobile than members
 of the family Molossidae, exhibit population structuring across The
 Bahamas. We hypothesized that T. brasiliensis would show high population
 connectivity throughout the islands and that T. brasiliensis would show
 higher connectivity than two species of phyllostomid bats that have been
 previously examined in The Bahamas. Contrary to our predictions, T.
 brasiliensis shows high population structure between two groups of islands
 in The Bahamas, similar to the structure exhibited by one species of
 phyllostomid bat. Phylogenetic and morphological analyses suggest that
 this structure may be the result of ancient divergence between two
 populations of T. brasiliensis that subsequently came into contact in The
 Bahamas. Our findings additionally suggest that there may be cryptic
 species within T. brasiliensis in The Bahamas and the West Indies more
 broadly.
description: Skull and Forearm
 Measurements of Florida and Bahamas Tadarida
 brasiliensisThis is a file of the
 raw data and averages for each skull measurement and the forearm
 measurement used in this paper. The Individual IDs are the Florida Museum
 of Natural History catalogue numbers. The measurements are a subset of
 those used in Freeman (1981) and are labelled based on the number labels
 provided in Freeman (1981).TadaridaMeasurements_Dryad.csvMicrosatellite Allele CallsThe allele calls are provided in the input format for Migrate-n. The first line indicates the number of populations (2) and the number of loci used (9). The second line provides the repeat length for each locus. The third lines begins the information for population 1, which is the Little Bahama Bank & Florida individuals (56 individuals sampled). The first 10 spaces of each line following the 3rd line (until the 2nd population is reached) is the locality from which the individuals was collected, the Florida Museum of Natural History catalogue number, and the sex. The spaces immediately following the first 10 spaces begin the allele call information. The allele calls for a single individual at a single locus are separated by a period. Missing data is indicated by a question mark.AlleleCalls_Dryad.txt