DOI: 10.5061/dryad.05db4
title: Data from: Genic rather than genome-wide differences between sexually deceptive Ophrys orchids with different pollinators

description: High pollinator specificity and the potential for simple genetic changes
 to affect pollinator attraction make sexually deceptive orchids an ideal
 system for the study of ecological speciation, in which change of flower
 odour is likely important. This study surveys reproductive barriers and
 differences in floral phenotypes in a group of four closely related,
 co-flowering sympatric Ophrys species, and uses a genotyping by sequencing
 (GBS) approach to obtain information on the proportion of the genome that
 is differentiated between species. Ophrys species were found to
 effectively lack post-pollination barriers, but are strongly isolated by
 their different pollinators (floral isolation), and to a smaller extent,
 by shifts in flowering time (temporal isolation). Although flower
 morphology and perhaps labellum coloration may contribute to floral
 isolation, reproductive barriers may largely be due to differences in
 flower odour chemistry. GBS revealed shared polymorphism throughout the
 Ophrys genome, with very little population structure between species.
 Genome scans for FST outliers identified few markers that are highly
 differentiated between species and repeatable in several populations.
 These genome scans also revealed highly differentiated polymorphisms in
 genes with putative involvement in floral odour production, including a
 previously identified candidate gene thought to be involved in the
 biosynthesis of pseudo-pheromones by the orchid flowers. Taken together,
 these data suggest that ecological speciation associated with different
 pollinators in sexually deceptive orchids has a genic rather than a
 genomic basis, placing these species at an early phase of genomic
 divergence within the ‘speciation continuum’.
description: Data-Crosses_2011-2012Data from crossing experiments in the greenhouse (tab-delimited text), including capsule formation and numbers of seeds with embryo.Data-FlowCytometry_2011-2012Data from flow cytometry or pollinia for estimation of ploidy level, tab-delimited text file.Data-FlowerReflectanceSpectraCor_300-700nmFlower spectral reflectance measurements, one reading every nm (from 300 - 700 nm), for different flower parts. Tab-delimited text file.Data-GBS_Analysis-InputSourceFilesZIP archive containing genotype data from GBS experiments that can be used as input for downstream analysis. One file, GBS_data_INFO.txt describes the input in more detail. Briefly, the other data files are (1) a compressed Variant Call Format (VCF) file and (2) a STRUCTURE input file.Data-GC_2011-2012Tab-delimited text file listing the amounts of different floral odour components, as determined by gas chromatography.Data-microCT-landmarks_morphologika-formatText file in Morphologika format, listing the coordinates for 17 geometric landmarks (as determined by micro-computed tomography) in the different flower samples.Data-PhotoFlowerRGBMeasurements of Red, Green and Blue pixel values from standardised flower photographs, for different flower parts (tab-delimited text)Data-PhotoFlowerSize_cmMeasurements of different flower parts (in cm) from photographs.Data-PhotosFlowerLabellum_BWZIP-Archive containing black-and-white JPEG images of flower labella, showing the shape of the speculum (in white) within the labellum. The first letter of the file name indicates species; E: O. exaltata; G: O. garganica; I: O. incubacea; S: O. sphegodes. These files constitute the input data for analysis of speculum shape.data-phenology_S5Tab delimited text file for data in Table S5, listing the number of open flowers per date (in DD.MM.YYYY format).Data-Pollinator_plot_experiments_S7Tab-delimited text file for data in Table S7, giving values for the pollen-tracking experiment in two populations.data-pollinator_plot_experiments_S7.tsvData-GBS_SRA_accessionsTable in tab-delimited text format that lists the NCBI sequence read archive (SRA) accession numbers corresponding to the plant individuals listed in Table S4. It lists plant sample name and accession, species and population, as well as SRA Experiment, Run and Sample accession numbers.data-GBS_SRA_accessions.tsv