cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987498
title: Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction was not Associated with Cardiac Arrhythmias in a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the ELSA-Brasil Study

description: Abstract Background: The association of subclinical thyroid dysfunction (STD) with cardiac arrhythmias remains controversial, particularly in the non-elderly population. Objective: To investigate whether STD was associated with cardiac arrhythmias in a cohort of middle-aged and older adults. Methods: Baseline data of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health, ELSA-Brasil (35-74 years) were collected from 2008 to 2010. After exclusion of clinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, participants were categorized as euthyroidism (TSH = 0.4-4.0 µU/mL), subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH &gt; 4.0 µU/mL; FT4 = 0.8-1.9 ng/dL), and subclinical hyperthyroidism (TSH &lt; 0.4 µU/mL; FT4 = 0.8-1.9 ng/dL). The prevalence rates of tachycardia (HR &gt; 100) and bradycardia (HR &lt; 60), atrial fibrillation/flutter, conduction disorders, extrasystoles, low QRS voltage, prolonged QT intervals, and persistent supraventricular rhythms were compared between groups after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, lifestyle, body mass index and medications. Results: The HR data of 13,341 participants (52% female; median age, 51 years) and the electrocardiogram readings of 11,795 were analyzed; 698 participants (5.23%) were classified as subclinical hypothyroidism, 193 (1.45%) as subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 12,450 (93.32%) as euthyroidism. The prevalence of rhythm and conduction disorders was similar, as were HR medians, even in the subgroups with TSH &lt; 0.01 UI/mL or &gt; 10.0 UI/mL or in older adults. Conduction disorders were less prevalent in older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism (adjusted OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.80). Conclusion: In this large, multicenter and cross-sectional study, STD was not associated with cardiac arrhythmias, but a longitudinal assessment is necessary.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987492
title: RESEARCHING NEW WAYS TO REDUCE N2O EMISSION FROM A GRANULAR SLUDGE SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR TREATING DOMESTIC WASTEWATER UNDER SUBTROPICAL CLIMATE CONDITIONS

description: ABSTRACT N2O emissions from wastewater treatment plants have become an important issue, since this compound is a significant greenhouse gas that affects the sustainability of sewage treatment. This work aimed to investigate and to reduce N2O emission from a pilot-scale aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor (AGS-SBR) operated for carbon and nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater under subtropical climate condition. Three operational strategies (S-I, S-II and S-III) with different anoxic phase durations were compared regarding treatment efficiency and N2O emission. For all the studied strategies, volatile suspended solids (VSS) was between 1.0 and 1.2 g/L. S-III, with the longest anoxic phase, obtained the highest biological oxygen demand (BOD) and NH4+-N removal efficiencies (86% and 84%, respectively), the lowest N2O emission factor (16.99 gN2O-N/person·year) and the lowest total nitrogen (TN) to N2O conversion ratio (0.47%). The results indicated that the extension of the anoxic phase was an effective way to significantly reduce N2O emission and to improve treatment efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987495
title: Evaluation and reconditioning of donor organs for transplantation through ex vivo lung perfusion

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the feasibility and impact of ex vivo lung perfusion with hyperoncotic solution (Steen Solution™) in the utilization of these organs in Brazil. Methods: In this prospective study, we subjected five lungs considered to be high risk for transplantation to 4 hours of ex vivo lung perfusion, with evaluation of oxygenation capacity. High-risk donor lungs were defined by specific criteria, including inflammatory infiltrates, pulmonary edema and partial pressure of arterial oxygen less than 300mmHg (inspired oxygen fraction of 100%). Results: During reperfusion, the mean partial pressure of arterial oxygen (inspired oxygen fraction of 100%) of the lungs did not change significantly (p=0.315). In the first hour, the mean partial pressure of arterial oxygen was 302.7mmHg (±127.66mmHg); in the second hour, 214.2mmHg (±94.12mmHg); in the third hour, 214.4mmHg (±99.70mmHg); and in the fourth hour, 217.7mmHg (±73.93mmHg). Plasma levels of lactate and glucose remained stable during perfusion, with no statistical difference between the moments studied (p=0.216). Conclusion: Ex vivo lung perfusion was reproduced in our center and ensured the preservation of lungs during the study period, which was 4 hours. The technique did not provide enough improvement for indicating organs for transplantation; therefore, it did not impact on use of these organs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987498.v1
title: Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction was not Associated with Cardiac Arrhythmias in a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the ELSA-Brasil Study

description: Abstract Background: The association of subclinical thyroid dysfunction (STD) with cardiac arrhythmias remains controversial, particularly in the non-elderly population. Objective: To investigate whether STD was associated with cardiac arrhythmias in a cohort of middle-aged and older adults. Methods: Baseline data of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health, ELSA-Brasil (35-74 years) were collected from 2008 to 2010. After exclusion of clinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, participants were categorized as euthyroidism (TSH = 0.4-4.0 µU/mL), subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH &gt; 4.0 µU/mL; FT4 = 0.8-1.9 ng/dL), and subclinical hyperthyroidism (TSH &lt; 0.4 µU/mL; FT4 = 0.8-1.9 ng/dL). The prevalence rates of tachycardia (HR &gt; 100) and bradycardia (HR &lt; 60), atrial fibrillation/flutter, conduction disorders, extrasystoles, low QRS voltage, prolonged QT intervals, and persistent supraventricular rhythms were compared between groups after adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, lifestyle, body mass index and medications. Results: The HR data of 13,341 participants (52% female; median age, 51 years) and the electrocardiogram readings of 11,795 were analyzed; 698 participants (5.23%) were classified as subclinical hypothyroidism, 193 (1.45%) as subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 12,450 (93.32%) as euthyroidism. The prevalence of rhythm and conduction disorders was similar, as were HR medians, even in the subgroups with TSH &lt; 0.01 UI/mL or &gt; 10.0 UI/mL or in older adults. Conduction disorders were less prevalent in older adults with subclinical hypothyroidism (adjusted OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.24 to 0.80). Conclusion: In this large, multicenter and cross-sectional study, STD was not associated with cardiac arrhythmias, but a longitudinal assessment is necessary.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987492.v1
title: RESEARCHING NEW WAYS TO REDUCE N2O EMISSION FROM A GRANULAR SLUDGE SEQUENCING BATCH REACTOR TREATING DOMESTIC WASTEWATER UNDER SUBTROPICAL CLIMATE CONDITIONS

description: ABSTRACT N2O emissions from wastewater treatment plants have become an important issue, since this compound is a significant greenhouse gas that affects the sustainability of sewage treatment. This work aimed to investigate and to reduce N2O emission from a pilot-scale aerobic granular sludge sequencing batch reactor (AGS-SBR) operated for carbon and nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater under subtropical climate condition. Three operational strategies (S-I, S-II and S-III) with different anoxic phase durations were compared regarding treatment efficiency and N2O emission. For all the studied strategies, volatile suspended solids (VSS) was between 1.0 and 1.2 g/L. S-III, with the longest anoxic phase, obtained the highest biological oxygen demand (BOD) and NH4+-N removal efficiencies (86% and 84%, respectively), the lowest N2O emission factor (16.99 gN2O-N/person·year) and the lowest total nitrogen (TN) to N2O conversion ratio (0.47%). The results indicated that the extension of the anoxic phase was an effective way to significantly reduce N2O emission and to improve treatment efficiency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987486
title: APPLICATION OF POLYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS AS BINDERS FOR TiO2 IMMOBILIZATION ON COTTON TEXTILES

description: ABSTRACT Immobilizing the photocatalyst on a support is an alternative solution to a critical issue in photocatalysis, which is the need for unit operations to remove the photocatalyst from the effluent. In this work, TiO2 was immobilized onto a cotton textile substrate by polycarboxylic acid binders (succinic and citric acids) using a solution deposition method, and the most appropriate conditions for pre-treatment and the relationship between variables were determined by an experimental design. Then, samples prepared at optimum conditions were exposed to UV for an extended period of time to evaluate the deactivation. The results showed an increase in photocatalytic activity and deposited mass by raising curing temperature, a statistically significant variable for tested binders. However, the increase in photocatalyst mass deposition is not always followed by an increase in photocatalytic activity, indicating that the photocatalyst distribution on the substrate is also important for photocatalytic efficiency. Both binders formed UV light active materials with sufficient displacement strength for photocatalysis use.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987489
title: Cooling of curimba (Prochilodus lineatus) embryos using different concentrations of dimethyl sulphoxide and methanol

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using different concentrations (5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5%) of two permeating cryoprotectants, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and methanol, on Prochilodus lineatus embryos while being subjected to cooling for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h at 4 °C. We analyzed the hatching rate, viable larvae, and counts of hatched and spoiled eggs and those that did not complete their development after cooling. We observed a significant interaction among variables, permeable cryoprotectant concentration, and cooling time, having the increase of these factors caused a reduction in hatching rate. The curimba embryos showed a higher sensitivity to cold at a temperature of 4 °C for 6 and 8 h, directly influencing the production of viable larvae. We did not observe a significant difference in the variables analyzed when comparing the cryoprotectant solutions containing DMSO, methanol, and solutions containing only water and sucrose (0.5M). An increase in the concentration of cryoprotectant and cooling time promotes a reduction in the hatching rate and in the percentage of viable curimba larvae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987495.v1
title: Evaluation and reconditioning of donor organs for transplantation through ex vivo lung perfusion

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the feasibility and impact of ex vivo lung perfusion with hyperoncotic solution (Steen Solution™) in the utilization of these organs in Brazil. Methods: In this prospective study, we subjected five lungs considered to be high risk for transplantation to 4 hours of ex vivo lung perfusion, with evaluation of oxygenation capacity. High-risk donor lungs were defined by specific criteria, including inflammatory infiltrates, pulmonary edema and partial pressure of arterial oxygen less than 300mmHg (inspired oxygen fraction of 100%). Results: During reperfusion, the mean partial pressure of arterial oxygen (inspired oxygen fraction of 100%) of the lungs did not change significantly (p=0.315). In the first hour, the mean partial pressure of arterial oxygen was 302.7mmHg (±127.66mmHg); in the second hour, 214.2mmHg (±94.12mmHg); in the third hour, 214.4mmHg (±99.70mmHg); and in the fourth hour, 217.7mmHg (±73.93mmHg). Plasma levels of lactate and glucose remained stable during perfusion, with no statistical difference between the moments studied (p=0.216). Conclusion: Ex vivo lung perfusion was reproduced in our center and ensured the preservation of lungs during the study period, which was 4 hours. The technique did not provide enough improvement for indicating organs for transplantation; therefore, it did not impact on use of these organs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987483
title: Evaluation of prenatal care in Primary Health Care in Brazil

description: Abstract Objectives: to evaluate prenatal care in Primary Care by identifying the aspects that influence structural and operational adequacy. Methods: evaluation research with analysis of 4,059 municipalities that joined the 2nd cycle of the Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care in 2013-2014. The evaluative model composed of 19 indicators grouped in structural aspects and operational aspects dimensions was validated in a consensus conference. Data analysis was descriptive, with the issuance of value judgment. Results: in structural aspects, 32.6% of the municipalities presented adequacy, whilst in operational ones, only 24.1%. In the general prenatal evaluation, less than a quarter (24.6%) of the municipalities was adequate, those with up to 10 thousand inhabitants had a higher percentage of adequacy (41.6%). The South region presented adequacy of 33.8%, considering all sizes. Conclusions: most municipalities presented low adequacy in prenatal care, with better performance of structural aspects. Smaller municipalities presented better results in all analyzed items. Structural aspects and general evaluation of prenatal care are highlighted in the South region. Adequate attention to prenatal care needs to be comprehensive and equitable, with the strengthening of regional networks geared towards social inclusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987489.v1
title: Cooling of curimba (Prochilodus lineatus) embryos using different concentrations of dimethyl sulphoxide and methanol

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using different concentrations (5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5%) of two permeating cryoprotectants, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) and methanol, on Prochilodus lineatus embryos while being subjected to cooling for 2, 4, 6, and 8 h at 4 °C. We analyzed the hatching rate, viable larvae, and counts of hatched and spoiled eggs and those that did not complete their development after cooling. We observed a significant interaction among variables, permeable cryoprotectant concentration, and cooling time, having the increase of these factors caused a reduction in hatching rate. The curimba embryos showed a higher sensitivity to cold at a temperature of 4 °C for 6 and 8 h, directly influencing the production of viable larvae. We did not observe a significant difference in the variables analyzed when comparing the cryoprotectant solutions containing DMSO, methanol, and solutions containing only water and sucrose (0.5M). An increase in the concentration of cryoprotectant and cooling time promotes a reduction in the hatching rate and in the percentage of viable curimba larvae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987480
title: Apically Extruded Debris Using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Associated with Different Root Canal Irrigants

description: Abstract The present study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using four different root canal irrigants, namely, 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (2% CHXg+SS), 2% chlorhexidine solution (2% CHXs) and SS alone. Sixty mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups (n=15) according to the root canal irrigant used as follows: G1 (PUI + NaOCl), G2 (PUI + CHXg+SS), G3 (PUI+CHXs) and G4 (PUI+SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during CMP and the debris extruded from each tooth were collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed by using an analytical microbalance. Data were statistically analysed by using ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test (a=0.05). Debris extrusion was observed in all groups, irrespective of the root canal irrigating, with 2% CHXg + SS being associated with lower debris extrusion compared to other irrigants (p&lt;0.05). No significant differences were observed between 6% NaOCl, 2% CHXs and SS. In conclusion, passive ultrasonic irrigation did not completely prevent apically extrusion of debris. PUI performed with 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution significantly minimized debris extrusion compared to 6% sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine solution and saline solution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987486.v1
title: APPLICATION OF POLYCARBOXYLIC ACIDS AS BINDERS FOR TiO2 IMMOBILIZATION ON COTTON TEXTILES

description: ABSTRACT Immobilizing the photocatalyst on a support is an alternative solution to a critical issue in photocatalysis, which is the need for unit operations to remove the photocatalyst from the effluent. In this work, TiO2 was immobilized onto a cotton textile substrate by polycarboxylic acid binders (succinic and citric acids) using a solution deposition method, and the most appropriate conditions for pre-treatment and the relationship between variables were determined by an experimental design. Then, samples prepared at optimum conditions were exposed to UV for an extended period of time to evaluate the deactivation. The results showed an increase in photocatalytic activity and deposited mass by raising curing temperature, a statistically significant variable for tested binders. However, the increase in photocatalyst mass deposition is not always followed by an increase in photocatalytic activity, indicating that the photocatalyst distribution on the substrate is also important for photocatalytic efficiency. Both binders formed UV light active materials with sufficient displacement strength for photocatalysis use.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987483.v1
title: Evaluation of prenatal care in Primary Health Care in Brazil

description: Abstract Objectives: to evaluate prenatal care in Primary Care by identifying the aspects that influence structural and operational adequacy. Methods: evaluation research with analysis of 4,059 municipalities that joined the 2nd cycle of the Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care in 2013-2014. The evaluative model composed of 19 indicators grouped in structural aspects and operational aspects dimensions was validated in a consensus conference. Data analysis was descriptive, with the issuance of value judgment. Results: in structural aspects, 32.6% of the municipalities presented adequacy, whilst in operational ones, only 24.1%. In the general prenatal evaluation, less than a quarter (24.6%) of the municipalities was adequate, those with up to 10 thousand inhabitants had a higher percentage of adequacy (41.6%). The South region presented adequacy of 33.8%, considering all sizes. Conclusions: most municipalities presented low adequacy in prenatal care, with better performance of structural aspects. Smaller municipalities presented better results in all analyzed items. Structural aspects and general evaluation of prenatal care are highlighted in the South region. Adequate attention to prenatal care needs to be comprehensive and equitable, with the strengthening of regional networks geared towards social inclusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987480.v1
title: Apically Extruded Debris Using Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Associated with Different Root Canal Irrigants

description: Abstract The present study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) using four different root canal irrigants, namely, 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (2% CHXg+SS), 2% chlorhexidine solution (2% CHXs) and SS alone. Sixty mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 4 groups (n=15) according to the root canal irrigant used as follows: G1 (PUI + NaOCl), G2 (PUI + CHXg+SS), G3 (PUI+CHXs) and G4 (PUI+SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during CMP and the debris extruded from each tooth were collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed by using an analytical microbalance. Data were statistically analysed by using ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey’s test (a=0.05). Debris extrusion was observed in all groups, irrespective of the root canal irrigating, with 2% CHXg + SS being associated with lower debris extrusion compared to other irrigants (p&lt;0.05). No significant differences were observed between 6% NaOCl, 2% CHXs and SS. In conclusion, passive ultrasonic irrigation did not completely prevent apically extrusion of debris. PUI performed with 2% chlorhexidine gel + saline solution significantly minimized debris extrusion compared to 6% sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine solution and saline solution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987465
title: Visual quality and waste of fresh vegetables and herbs in a typical retail market in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Because of high perishability, leafy vegetables and fresh herbs are transported to the market soon after harvest. It is very likely that most of the damage due to inadequate handling at the farm and during transport will result in food discard only later in the retail market or in the household. Inadequate handling and marketing strategies in the store are expected to further contribute to waste. The study was designed to address the following questions: 1) what is the visual quality of leafy vegetables and fresh herbs received in the retail market; 2) what is the volume of discard of this produce in the retail market 3) what are the main causes of discard and 4) how these variables are influenced by the vegetable species, the suppliers and the stores evaluated. The study was conducted in 4 stores of a regional supermarket chain in Federal District, Brazil, for a period of 6 months. We evaluated: 1) number of produce items received and discarded; 2) visual quality of produce at reception and 3) cause of discard. The operations in each store were described based on observations and discussion with the store staff. When considering the sum of all produce, the discard (expressed as units per day and corrected for quantity purchased) was influenced by all the factors studied, namely store, supplier and day of the week. Delivery of produce with any signs of wilting and yellowing was negligible but produce with bruised and old leaves which should have been trimmed in the farm were frequent. Visual quality was important to determine shelf life and preference by the consumer but how important it was depended on other factors such as the vegetable or herb considered and the workflow in the store. The discard varied from 8.7% to 97.0% of the number of units purchased. Smaller waste volume was observed for spring onion, parsley, coriander, collard, leek and green leaf lettuce. Waste volume equal to or above 50% was observed for baby romaine lettuce, broad-leaved endive, wild chicory, mustard greens, sage and thyme. The vegetables and fresh herbs discard in the Brazilian retail market is in great measure the result of technological constraints together with bad management practices in the store. The implications of this situation for the definitions of food waste and food loss are discussed.