DOI: 10.3886/icpsr26861.v1
title: Evidence-based Enhancement of the Detection, Prevention, and Treatment of Mental Illness in the Connecticut Correction Systems, 2003
title: Version 1

description: The study developed and tested the Brief Mental Health Screening Tool to enhance the identification of psychiatric disorders among adult detainees. Participants were randomly recruited within 24 to 72 hours of entering State-run jails in Connecticut. In the first phase, participants completed a 25-minute screening interview, after which 20 percent of the participants were asked to complete a longer interview 1 week later to establish a more detailed account of Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders and psychosocial functioning. In a second phase, the new Brief Mental Health Screening Tool was tested and validated on a new sample of participants.
description: The goal of the study was to develop and validate a brief mental health screening instrument suitable for use by correctional custody or healthcare staff in identifying jail detainees who warrant specialized mental health evaluation for undetected psychiatric impairment. Through the process of developing this tool, two objectives were obtained: (1) The evaluation of the reliability and validity of a composite mental health screen adapted from existing evidence-based protocols, and (2) the determination of the best brief subset of the mental health screen's items for the rapid identification of inmates with psychiatric disorders requiring care.
description: The study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 generated a brief mental health screening instrument, and Phase 2 validated that instrument. In Phase 1, the research team first administered a 25-minute composite screening interview to 2,196 adults detained in 5 State of Connecticut jails in 2003 (Part 1). Five psychometrically developed questionnaires comprised the screening interview, including the Screening module for the SCID-I/P for DSM-IV (First et al., 1990), Primary Care PTSD screen (PC-PTSD; Ford et al., 1996; Prins et al., 1999), Iowa Personality Disorders Screen (IPDS;Langbehn et al.,1999), Referral Decision Scale (RDS; Teplin and Swartz, 1989), and the Alcohol and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Approximately 20 percent of the participants were randomly selected to be brought back 1 - 5 days later for an even lengthier clinical assessment (45-180 minutes), which established a more detailed account of Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders and psychosocial functioning. Specifically, the research team collected Phase 1 Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) Data (Part 2), Phase 1 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) Data (Part 3), Phase 1 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID II) Data (Part 4), Phase 1 Screening Module from the Structured Clinical Interview-Patient Version for DSM-IV Data (Part 5), Phase 1 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Data (Part 6), Phase 1 Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) Data (Part 7), and Phase 1 Traumatic Events Interview (TEI) Data (Part 8) on a randomly selected sub-sample of 302 Phase 1 respondents. Using the Phase 1 data, the research team conducted various item reduction analyses separately for each gender including exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses to derive the best subset of items to be used in the brief mental health screen for jail detainees. On the basis of these various statistical analyses and item reduction procedures, the research team created an 8-item Correctional Mental Health Screen for Women (CMHS-W) and a 12-item Correctional Mental Health Screen for Men (CMHS-M). The CMHS is a brief screening tool designed to expedite the process of accurately identifying individuals in the correctional system with mental illness. In Phase 2, the CMHS-W was administered to 360 women (Part 9) and the CMHS-M was administered to 630 men (Part 10). A randomly selected subsample subsequently completed research clinical diagnostic interviews for standardized clinical cross-validation. Specifically, the research team gathered Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) Data (Part 11), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) Data (Part 12), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID II) Data (Part 13), Screening Module from the Structured Clinical Interview-Patient Version for DSM-IV Data (Part 14), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Data (Part 15), Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) Data (Part 16), and Traumatic Events Interview (TEI) Data (Part 17) on the Phase 2 subsample of 206 participants.
description: The Phase 1 Master Screen dataset (Part 1) contains 154 variables that ask about drug use and experiences related to PTSD. The Phase 1 Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) dataset (Part 2) contains 187 variables that pertain to experiences with PTSD for Phase 1. Part 3 contains 649 variables from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID I) for phase 1. Part 4 contains 230 variables from the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID II) Data for phase 1. Part 5 contains 26 variables from the Screening Module from the Structured Clinical Interview-Patient Version form DSM-IV Data for phase 1. Part 6 contains 53 variables from the phase 1 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Data. Part 7 contains 149 variables from the phase 1 Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) Data. Part 8 contains 432 variables that ask about experiences with trauma from the phase 1 Traumatic Event Interview (TEI) Data. The phase 2 Females Master Screen dataset (Part 9) contains 9 variables from the Correctional Mental Health Screen for Women (CMHS-W). The phase 2 Males Master Screen Data (Part 10) contains 14 variables from the Correctional Mental Health Screen for Men (CMHS-M). Part 11 contains 123 variables that pertain to experiences with PTSD in the phase 2 CAPS data. Part 12 contains 676 variables from the phase 2 SCID-I data. Part 13 contains 255 variables from the phase 2 SCID-II data. Part 14 contains 25 variables from the phase 2 SCID screening module data. Part 15 contains 14 variables from the SF-12 data. Part 16 contains 88 variables from the phase 2 SIDES data. Part 17 contains 415 variables from the phase 2 TEI data.
description: ICPSR data undergo a confidentiality review and are altered when necessary to limit the risk of disclosure. ICPSR also routinely creates ready-to-go data files along with setups in the major statistical software formats as well as standard codebooks to accompany the data. In addition to these procedures, ICPSR performed the following processing steps for this data collection: Created variable labels and/or value labels.; Standardized missing values.; Checked for undocumented or out-of-range codes..
description: Presence of Common Scales: The study included the following scales: Alcohol, Smoking And Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), ; Primary Care PTDS screen (PC-PTSD) ; Referral Decision Scale (RDS) ; Screening module from the SCID - Patient Version (SCID-I/P) ; Iowa Personality Disorders Screen (IPDS) ; Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) ; Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) ; Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID II) ; Screening Module from the Structured Clinical Interview-Patient Version for DSM-IV ; 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) ; Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) ; Traumatic Events Interview (TEI) ; Correctional Mental Health Screen for Females (CMHS-F) ; Correctional Mental Health Screen for Males (CMHS-M) ;
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS0: Study-Level Files 
 DS1: Phase 1 Master Screen Data 
 DS2: Phase 1 Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) Data 
 DS3: Phase 1 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) Data 
 DS4: Phase 1 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID II) Data 
 DS5: Phase 1 Screening Module from the Structured Clinical Interview-Patient Version for DSM-IV Data 
 DS6: Phase 1 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Data 
 DS7: Phase 1 Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) Data 
 DS8: Phase 1 Traumatic Events Interview (TEI) Data 
 DS9: Phase 2 Females Master Screen Data 
 DS10: Phase 2 Males Master Screen Data 
 DS11: Phase 2 Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) Data 
 DS12: Phase 2 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I) Data 
 DS13: Phase 2 Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID II) Data 
 DS14: Phase 2 Screening Module from the Structured Clinical Interview-Patient Version for DSM-IV Data 
 DS15: Phase 2 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Data 
 DS16: Phase 2 Structured Interview for Disorders of Extreme Stress (SIDES) Data 
 DS17: Phase 2 Traumatic Events Interview (TEI) Data
description: face-to-face interview 
Users should be aware that the data parts can be linked using the ID variable.
Users should be aware that many variable and value labels were added to the data by ICPSR. Many of these labels were added on the basis of reasonable assumptions made after reviewing provided documentation and patterns within in the data. Users should review the provided codebooks for more information.
description: All adults detained in a State of Connecticut jail in 2003.
description: For Phase 1, study participants were recruited from February 2003 through September 2003 in five correctional facilities that serve as the jails for all adults incarcerated in Connecticut. Persons were eligible for the study if they entered jail 24 to 72 hours before recruitment, were 18 years or older, were able to speak English, were not "high bond" security risks (these persons could not be interviewed without a custody officer present), were not admitted to the medical unit for immediate care because of wounds or injuries or acute substance intoxication or detoxification, and were not admitted to the medical unit for acute psychosis, mania, suicidality, or delirium or a history of psychiatric treatment. Study participants (Part 1) were 2196 adults (670 women and 1,526 men). The research assessor used a pre-set numerical sequence to randomly select every fifth screening participant to be invited to participate in the follow-up interview. A total of 302 participants completed the clinical interview (Parts 2-8). For phase 2, 1,094 detainees were invited to participate, and 104 (10 percent) declined; a total of 360 women (Part 9) and 630 men (Part 10) participated. After completing the screening, 223 randomly selected participants, stratified by gender, were invited to participate in a follow-up structured diagnostic interview for standardized clinical cross-validation; 17 (8 percent) declined, leaving 206 to participate (Part 11 - Part 17).