cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19565929.v2
title: The influence of planting periods on herbivore and natural enemy abundance on yellow sticky traps in Bt maize fields

description: Data set of insect abundance in Bt Maize fields in Ebro valey
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19565929.v1
title: Abundance data_Clemente Orta et al.pdf

description: Data set of insect abundance in Bt Maize fields in Ebro valey
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zpc866t52
title: Data from: Evolution transforms pushed waves into pulled waves

description: Understanding the dynamics of biological invasions is crucial for managing
 numerous phenomena, from invasive species to tumours. While the Allee
 effect (where individuals in low-density populations suffer lowered
 fitness) is known to influence both the ecological and evolutionary
 dynamics of an invasion, the possibility that an invader's
 susceptibility to the Allee effect might itself evolve has received little
 attention. Since invasion fronts are regions of perpetually low population
 density, selection should be expected to favour vanguard invaders that are
 resistant to Allee effects. This may not only cause invasions to
 accelerate over time, but, by mitigating the Allee effects experienced by
 the vanguard, also make the invasion transition from a pushed wave,
 propelled by dispersal from behind the invasion front, to a pulled wave,
 driven instead by the invasion vanguard. To examine this possibility, we
 construct an individual-based model in which a trait that governs
 resistance to the Allee effect is allowed to evolve during an invasion. We
 find that vanguard invaders evolve resistance to the Allee effect, causing
 invasions to accelerate. This results in invasions transforming from
 pushed waves to pulled waves, an outcome with consequences for invasion
 speed, population genetic structure, and other emergent behaviours. These
 findings underscore the importance of accounting for evolution in invasion
 forecasts, and suggest that evolution has the capacity to fundamentally
 alter invasion dynamics.
description: Simulation output used to generate results and figures in
 'Evolution transforms pushed waves into pulled waves'.
description: Output files are to be used with code located
 at https://github.com/PhilErm/allee-evolution. For scripts to call on
 output, output should be deposited in a folder called 'data' in
 the base directory.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2280gb5n0
title: Contrasting effects of host tree isolation on population connectedness in two tropical epiphytic bromeliads

description: Premise of the study Conversion of primary forests to pastures is a major
 cause of habitat fragmentation in the tropics. Fragmentation is expected
 to impede gene flow for many plant species that are restricted to
 remaining forest fragments. Epiphytes may be especially vulnerable to this
 effect of forest fragmentation because they depend on host trees. However,
 trees that remain in pastures may enhance connectivity across the
 landscape for epiphyte species that can thrive on such trees. To
 investigate this possibility, we studied the genetic structures of two
 such species on isolated pasture trees and surrounding forest, in relation
 to their local abundances in different habitat types and aspects of their
 reproductive biology including pollen and seed dispersal agents, and
 looked for evidence of increased or diminished gene flow. Methods We used
 microsatellite markers to assess geographic patterns of genetic diversity
 and differentiation in two epiphytic bromeliads, Catopsis nitida and
 Werauhia tonduziana, in the Monteverde region of Costa Rica. Key results
 About 85% of the FST value for Catopsis nitida was found among pastures
 within regions, while for Weruahia tonduziana, about 80% of the FST value
 was contributed by differences between regions, indicating much more gene
 flow within regions, relative to C. nitida. Conclusions Although there was
 substantial genetic differentiation among epiphyte populations, those on
 isolated pasture trees were not substantially less diverse than those in
 adjacent forests, suggesting that pasture trees may serve as
 "stepping stones" that help these species maintain their genetic
 connectedness and diversity at larger geographic scales.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rjdfn2z62
title: Data from: Highly diversified crop-livestock farming systems reshape wild bird communities

description: Agricultural intensification is a leading threat to bird conservation.
 Highly diversified farming systems that integrate livestock and crop
 production might promote a diversity of habitats useful to native birds
 foraging across otherwise-simplified landscapes. At the same time, these
 features might be attractive to non-native birds linked to a broad range
 of disservices to both crop and livestock production. We evaluated the
 influence of crop-livestock integration on wild bird richness and density
 along a north-south transect spanning the U.S. west coast. We surveyed
 birds on 52 farms that grew primarily mixed vegetables and fruits alone or
 integrated livestock into production. Crop-livestock systems harbored
 higher native bird density and richness relative to crop only farms, a
 benefit more pronounced on farms embedded in non-natural landscapes.
 Crop-livestock systems bolstered native insectivores linked to the
 suppression of agricultural pest insects but did not bolster native
 granivores that may be more likely to damage crops. Crop-livestock systems
 also significantly increased the density of non-native birds, primarily
 European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) and house sparrows (Passer
 domesticus) that may compete with native birds for resources. Models
 supported a small, positive correlation between non-native density and
 overall native bird density as well as between non-native density and
 native granivore density.Relative to crop-only farms, on average
 crop-livestock systems exhibited 1.5 times higher patch richness, 2.4
 times higher density of farm structures, 7.3 times smaller field sizes,
 2.4 times greater integration of woody crops, and 5.3 times greater
 integration of pasture/hay habitat on farm. Wild birds may have responded
 to this habitat diversity and/or associated food resources. Individual
 farm factors had significantly lower predictive power than farming system
 alone (ΔCIC = 80.2), suggesting crop-livestock systems may impact wild
 birds through a suite of factors that change with system conversion.
 Collectively, our findings suggest that farms that integrate livestock and
 crop production can attract robust native bird communities, especially
 within landscapes devoted to intensified food production. However,
 additional work is needed to demonstrate persistent farm bird communities
 through time, eco-physiological benefits to birds foraging on these farms,
 and net effects of both native and non-native wild birds in
 agroecosystems.   
description: Data Keys are included in second tab of each spreadsheet.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rdn9xk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 474930 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "PublishingOrg is ead371f0-f93d-11dd-af50-b8a03c50a862"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 474930 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001921-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mkkwh70vc
title: Data from: Dispersal increases the resilience of tropical savanna and forest distributions

description: Global change may induce changes in savanna and forest distributions, but
 the dynamics of these changes remain unclear. Classical biome theory
 suggests that climate is predictive of biome distributions, such that
 shifts will be continuous and reversible. This view, however, cannot
 explain the overlap in the climatic ranges of tropical biomes, which some
 argue may result from fire-vegetation feedbacks, maintaining savanna and
 forest as bistable states. Under this view, biome shifts are argued to be
 discontinuous and irreversible. Mean-field bistable models, however, too,
 are limited as they cannot reproduce the spatial aggregation of biomes.
 Here, we suggest that both models ignore spatial processes, such as
 dispersal, which may be important when savanna and forest abut. We examine
 the contributions of dispersal to determining biome distributions using a
 2D reaction-diffusion model, comparing results qualitatively to empirical
 savanna and forest distributions in sub-Saharan Africa. We find that the
 diffusion model resolves both the aforementioned limitations of biome
 models. First, local dispersive spatial interactions, with an underlying
 precipitation gradient, can reproduce the spatial aggregation of biomes
 with a stable savanna-forest boundary. Second, the boundary is not only
 determined by the amount of precipitation but also by the geometrical
 shape of the precipitation contours. These geometrical effects arise from
 continental-scale source-sink dynamics, which reproduces the mismatch
 between biome and climate. Dynamically, the spatial model predicts that
 dispersal may increase the resilience of tropical biome in response to
 global change: the boundary continuously tracks climate, recovering
 following disturbances, unless remnant biome patches are too small.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r4xgxd27w
title: A benchmark dataset for Manipuri Meetei-Mayek handwritten character recognition

description: A benchmark dataset is always required for any classification or
 recognition system. To the best of our knowledge, no benchmark dataset
 exists for handwritten character recognition of Manipuri Meetei-Mayek
 script in public domain so far. Manipuri, also referred to as
 Meeteilon or sometimes Meiteilon, is a Sino-Tibetan language and also one
 of the Eight Scheduled languages of Indian Constitution. It is the
 official language and lingua franca of the southeastern Himalayan state of
 Manipur, in northeastern India. This language is also used by a
 significant number of people as their communicating language over the
 north-east India, and some parts of Bangladesh and Myanmar. It is the most
 widely spoken language in Northeast India after Bengali and Assamese
 languages. In this work, we introduce a handwritten Manipuri
 Meetei-Mayek character dataset which consists of more than 5000 data
 samples which were collected from a diverse population group that belongs
 to different age groups (from 4 years to 60 years), genders, educational
 backgrounds, occupations, communities from three different districts of
 Manipur, India (Imphal East District, Thoubal District and Kangpokpi
 District) during March and April 2019. Each individual was asked to write
 down all the Manipuri characters on one A4-size paper. The recorded
 responses are scanned with the help of a scanner and then each character
 is manually segmented from the scanned images. This dataset
 consists of segmented scanned images of handwritten Manipuri Meetei-Mayek
 characters (Mapi Mayek, Lonsum Mayek, Cheitap Mayek, Cheising Mayek,
 Khutam Mayek) of size 128X128 pixels in .JPG format as well as in .MAT
 format.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bvtf
title: Genome-wide association analysis reveals QTL and candidate mutations involved in white spotting in cattle

description: Background White spotting of the coat is a characteristic trait of various
 domestic species including cattle and other mammals. It is a hallmark of
 Holstein-Friesian cattle, and several previous studies have detected
 genetic loci with major effects for white spotting in animals with
 Holstein-Friesian ancestry. Here, our aim was to better understand the
 underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms of white spotting, by
 conducting the largest mapping study for this trait in cattle, to date.
 Results Using imputed whole-genome sequence data, we conducted a
 genome-wide association analysis in 2,973 mixed-breed cows and bulls.
 Highly significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) were found on chromosomes
 6 and 22, highlighting the well-established coat color genes KIT and MITF
 as likely responsible for these effects. These results are in broad
 agreement with previous studies, although we also report a third
 significant QTL on chromosome 2 that appears to be novel. This signal maps
 immediately adjacent to the PAX3 gene, which encodes a known transcription
 factor that controls MITF expression and is the causal locus for white
 spotting in horses. More detailed examination of these loci revealed a
 candidate causal mutation in PAX3 (p.Thr424Met), and another candidate
 mutation (rs209784468) within a conserved element in intron 2 of MITF
 transcripts expressed in the skin. These analyses also revealed a
 mechanistic ambiguity at the chromosome 6 locus, where highly dispersed
 association signals suggested multiple or multiallelic QTL involving KIT
 and/or other genes in this region. Conclusions Our findings extend those
 of previous studies that reported KIT as a likely causal gene for white
 spotting, and report novel associations between candidate causal mutations
 in both the MITF and PAX3 genes. The sizes of the effects of these QTL are
 substantial, and could be used to select animals with darker, or
 conversely whiter, coats depending on the desired characteristics.
description: Please note that all details about how the data has been
 collected, processed and used has been outlined in the 'Methods'
 section of our publication.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hqbzkh1bc
title: Data from: Invasive lumbricid earthworms in North America – different life-histories but common dispersal?

description: Aim Lumbricid earthworms are invasive across northern North America,
 causing notable changes in forest ecosystems. During their range
 expansion, they encountered harsher climatic conditions compared to their
 native ranges in short time (~400 years). This study investigated if (1)
 dispersal barriers, (2) climatic selection, or (3) anthropogenic
 activities, i.e. fishing bait disposal, structure the dispersal of
 free-living earthworm populations. Location North America, forest habitats
 along former Wisconsinan glaciation line Taxon Lumbricus terrestris, L.
 rubellus Methods Lumbricus terrestris and L. rubellus co-occur in the same
 habitats but differ in ecology and use as fishing bait. Both species were
 sampled in five transects ranging from the east to the west coast of
 northern North America, including major dispersal barriers, three
 different climate zones, and bait shops near sampling locations. Genetic
 diversity and structure were compared between the two species, and the
 presence of free-living bait shop genotypes was assessed using four
 markers (COI, 16S rDNA, 12S rDNA, H3). Results Populations of both species
 were genetically diverse with some geographic structure, which was more
 pronounced in L. terrestris than in L. rubellus. Common haplotypes were
 present in all regions, but locally restricted haplotypes also occurred.
 Further, two distinct genetic clades of L. terrestris co-occurred only in
 the two most distant transects (Alberta and Minnesota). Genotypes
 identical to bait individuals were omnipresent in field populations of L.
 terrestris. Main conclusions Genetic diversity was high in both species,
 and invasive populations represented a genetic subset of European
 earthworms. Geographic and climatic dispersal barriers affected the less
 mobile species, L. rubellus, resulting in differences in genetic structure
 between the two species. Our results indicate common long-distance
 dispersal vectors and vectors affecting only L. terrestris. The roles of
 climate and anthropogenic activities are discussed, providing additional
 explanations of dispersal and new insights into establishment of invasive
 earthworm populations. Keywords biological invasion, colonisation, genetic
 clades, agriculture, climate, dispersal barriers
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/spkoqb
title: Replication Data for: validation of Interactive Voice Response (IVR) for collecting dietary data among low-literate women in Northern Uganda 2022

description: This dataset includes women's dietary intakes collected via two different methods: observed weighed food records (WFR), and innovative participant-recorded Interactive Voice Response (IVR) via basic mobile phones using push button response. The dietary intakes are presented as the following international dietary indicators: achieving minimum dietary diversity for women (MDD-W), women's dietary diversity scores for 10 food groups (WDDS), and percentage consuming unhealthy foods and beverages. Anthropometric, socioeconomic, and telecommunication details are also provided. This data was collected under a Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London UK project entitled: Validation of ICTs for understanding women’s time use, dietary diversity, and hygiene practices (IMMANA 3.01). This cross-sectional study was conducted between August and November 2022 in Apac and Kwania Districts, Northern Uganda, during the wet season. Twelve mother-child dyads were randomly selected in each village. This dataset covers women (aged between 18-49 years) who participated in the study (n=156).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k6djh9w32
title: Evolution of reduced minimum critical size as a response to selection for rapid pre-adult development in Drosophila melanogaster.

description: Adult body size in holometabolous insects is directly proportional to the
 time spent during the larval period. The larval duration can be divided
 into two parts- (i) pre-critical duration-time required to attain a
 critical size/critical weight that would result in successful completion
 of development and metamorphosis even under non-availability of nutrition
 beyond the time of attainment of critical size, and (ii) post-critical
 duration-the time duration from attainment of critical size till pupation.
 It is of interest to decipher the relative contribution of the two larval
 growth phases (from the hatching of the egg to attainment of critical size
 or from the attainment of critical size to pupation- post-critical
 duration) to the final adult size. Many studies using Drosophila
 melanogaster have shown that, selecting populations for faster development
 result in the emergence of small adults. Some of these studies have
 indirectly reported the evolution of smaller critical size. Using two
 kinds of D. melanogaster populations, one of which is selected for
 faster/accelerated pre-adult development and the other their ancestral
 control, we demonstrate that the final adult size is determined by the
 time spent as larvae post the attainment of critical size despite having
 increased growth rate during the second larval instar. Our populations
 under selection for faster per-adult development are exhibiting
 adaptive-bail out due to intrinsic food limitation as against extrinsic
 food limitation in the yellow dung fly.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.djh9w0vvs
title: Comparative study on photocatalytic activity of transition metals (Ag and Ni doped ZnO) nanomaterials synthesised via sol-gel method

description: Ag and Ni/ZnO photocatalyst nanostructures were successfully synthesized
 by a sol-gel method. In this work, the photocatalyst sample was
 systematically studied based on several factors affecting the performance
 of photocatalyst which are size, morphology, band gap, textural properties
 and the number of active sites presence on the surface of the
 nanocatalyst. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) revealed that Ag/ZnO nanomaterials
 experienced multiple phases, meanwhile for Ni/ZnO the phase of
 nanomaterials were pure and single phase for stochiometry less than 5%.
 Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) showed almost all of
 the synthesised nanomaterials possessed a mixture of nanorods and
 spherical-like shape morphology. The Ag/ZnO showed high photocatalytic
 activity, producing at least 14th trials of nanocatalyst reusability on
 the degradation of Methyl Orange under UV irradiation. Interestingly this
 phenomenon was not observed in larger surface area of Ni/ZnO nanomaterials
 which supposedly favour photocatalytic activity, but instead producing
 poor photocatalytic performance. The main reason were studied and exposed
 by temperature-programmed desorption of carbon dioxide (TPD–CO2) which
 showed that incorporation of Ag into ZnO lattice has enhanced the number
 of active sites on the surface of the nanocatalyst. Whereas incorporation
 of Ni in ZnO has lowered the number of active sites with respect to
 undoped ZnO. Active sites measurement is effective and significant,
 providing opportunities in developing an intensive study as an additional
 factor.
description: The files with .HPF extension is the X-ray Diffraction raw data
 result. The file .HPF extension can be opened using X'pert Highscore
 Plus software from PANalytical.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m37pvmcxq
title: Class-A penicillin binding proteins do not contribute to cell shape but repair cell-wall defects

description: Cell shape and cell-envelope integrity of bacteria are determined by the
 peptidoglycan cell wall. In rod-shaped Escherichia coli, two conserved
 sets of machinery are essential for cell-wall insertion in the cylindrical
 part of the cell: the Rod complex and the class-A penicillin-binding
 proteins (aPBPs). While the Rod complex governs rod-like cell shape, aPBP
 function is less well understood. aPBPs were previously hypothesized to
 either work in concert with the Rod complex or to independently repair
 cell-wall defects. First, we demonstrate through modulation of enzyme
 levels that aPBPs do not contribute to rod-like cell shape but are
 required for mechanical stability, supporting their independent activity.
 By combining measurements of cell-wall stiffness, cell-wall insertion, and
 PBP1b motion at the single-molecule level, we then present evidence that
 PBP1b, the major aPBP, contributes to cell-wall integrity by repairing
 cell wall defects.
description: - Tracking dataset: Each file is a csv (tab-separated) file with
 the X and Y positions of the particles, and the unique particle ID for
 each track. See ReadMe file. - SDS Page raw images. See
 ReadMe file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3n5tb2rc6
title: Is mere exposure enough? the effects of bilingual environments on infant cognitive development

description: Bilinguals purportedly outperform monolinguals in nonverbal tasks of
 cognitive control (the ‘bilingual advantage’). The most common explanation
 is that managing two languages during language production constantly draws
 upon, and thus strengthens, domain general inhibitory mechanisms (Green,
 1998). However, this theory cannot explain why a bilingual advantage has
 been found in preverbal infants (Kovacs & Mehler, 2009). An
 alternative explanation is needed. We propose that exposure to more
 varied, less predictable (language) environments drive infants to sample
 more by placing less weight on consolidating familiar information in order
 to orient sooner to (and explore) new stimuli. To confirm the bilingual
 advantage in infants and test our proposal, we administered four
 gaze-contingent eye-tracking tasks to 7- to 9-month-old infants who were
 being raised in either monolingual (n = 51) or bilingual (n = 51) homes.
 We could not replicate the finding by Kovacs and Mehler that bilingual but
 not monolingual infants inhibit learned behaviour (experiment 1). However,
 we found that infants exposed to bilingual environments do indeed explore
 more than those exposed to monolingual environments, by potentially
 disengaging attention faster from one stimulus in order to shift attention
 to another (experiment 3) and by switching attention more frequently
 between stimuli (experiment 4). These data suggest that experience-driven
 adaptations may indeed result in infants exposed to bilingual environments
 switching attention more frequently than infants exposed to a monolingual
 environment.