cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.134
title: RECTIFICATION THEORY AND REINFORCEMENT PRACTICE BASED ON THE PRINCIPLE OF COUNTERFORCE CENTER

description: Like buildings with other types of foundations, buildings with pile foundations can tilt because of irrational designs, imperfections of foundation treatment, poor construction qualities, even the change of water environment during usage, etc. By studying and analyzing the causes for the inclination, this paper has proposed a theory of rectification and reinforcement for buildings with pile foundations based on the principle of counterforce center, which makes building be rectified by changing the counterforce center of pile foundation so that it can be in the same vertical line with the gravity center of upper structure. Then the calculation method was given. Combining with an engineering project, it has been proved that the principle of counterforce center is a good guidance for the rectification and reinforcement for buildings with pile foundations.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.135
title: REDUCTION OF CO2 EMISSIONS IN CEMENT PRODUCTION BY USING PREHEATER

description: Cement has a pivotal role in the construction industry. However, cement is one of the key contributors to global CO2 emission levels. This is due to the energy-intensive nature of cement production processes. This comparative-descriptive study focuses on the potential factors to reduce the CO2 emission level in cement production and the decision-making process of adopting new environmental-friendly technology in production. Particularly, this study compares alternative technologies in cement manufacturing to reduce CO2 emission. It collects both the industry data and the data from Texas, which is the biggest contributor to CO2 emission in the US, to analyze how a shift in production technology could affect CO2 emission and eventually improve the outcomes of environment protection and energy efficiency. This paper projects a possible improvement of implementing the method of preheater-precalciner in cement production in lieu of wet and long-dry process to upgrade kilns and reduce problematic CO2 emission. This study suggests shifting from wet and dry kilns to preheaterprecalciner systems to obtain the potential benefits of CO2 emission reduction in the cement industry.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.136
title: REHABILITATION OF MARINE TERMINAL PIERS

description: This paper presents practical methods and techniques for rehabilitation and strengthening marine terminal piers in the USA. These piers are waterfront structures for berthing of large cargo vessels and cruise vessels. Typically, the piers consist of timber or concrete deck supported on multiple pile bents. The piers are subjected to large impact forces from the mooring of the vessels acting at the fenders and bollards, in addition to the other normal vertical dead and live loads. Depending on the size of the vessels, the design service loads on the bollards are in the range of 100 tons to 200 tons. Other possible severe loads are from the winds and waves during the hurricanes. The piers are continuously exposed to outdoor, marine and coastal environments, which are corrosive in nature. For these reasons, all piers of 15 years or more are normally up for repair/rehabilitation. Typical deteriorations found are: cracked and spalled concrete, rust in exposed reinforcing bars, broken timber piles, timber piles with reduced cross sections, cracked concrete piles, corroded steel piles, and displaced out-of-plumb piles. The paper presents the methods for repairing the above-mentioned defects. For concrete crack and spall repair: sealing with epoxy, concrete patching and shotcrete are used. For pile repair: concrete jacketing of piles is used for splicing or strengthening of piles.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.137
title: RESEARCH ON THE MEASURES AGAINST LARGE EARTHQUAKES AND TAKING REFUGE AT ONE'S OWN HOME

description: The possibility of a huge earthquake striking Tokyo in the future is high. In the event of such an earthquake, many people will face problems such as the inability to return to their homes, which will cause complete disorder and confusion in the city as it will be impossible for everyone to access emergency shelters. If buildings remain safe, it will be desirable for residents to take refuge at home. In this study, we investigated the disaster awareness of 461 residents in central Tokyo using an internet survey. Our results reveal that approximately 60% of residents expect to take refuge at their own homes. However, almost none of the respondents have emergency supplies such as water, food, and other daily necessities. This lack of preparedness could result in many people having to move to emergency shelters when disaster strikes. By analyzing these results, we aim to develop a method for avoiding confusion in the aftermath of a disaster and educate building residents on their needs and the preparatory actions they must take in such situations.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.138
title: RESEARCH ON WIND PERFORMANCE AND FIELD EXPERIMENT OF LARGE SCALE COMPLEX SURFACE SPACE TRUSS WITH STEEL PIPE

description: The wind-induced performance response of large-span truss curved roofs is extremely complex and changes obviously under wind load. This paper has taken the large-span steel roof of Liu Zhaike highway toll station as an example to analyze by both numerical simulations and field tests of responses of the steel canopy under wind load. In this case, simulated analysis results using finite element software were calibrated and verified by the field test results. In addition, a new method of large structure field testing was proposed which obtained the internal force and displacement of the canopy structure. Moreover, this paper analyzed and determined the actual stress state of the rectangular pipe truss. Finally, the safety condition of the roof was evaluated based on the monitoring data and the simulation of the finite element model. And the analysis methods provides references for similar engineering field tests, as well as guidance for the operation and maintenance for this project.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.139
title: RESPONSE SURFACES FOR PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE WITH CLAY BRICK POWDER AS SUBSTITUTE FOR CEMENT

description: This study examined the application of pulverize clay brick wastes as alternative constituent for Portland cement replacement in green concrete production using the response surface methodology (RSM). The adopted response surface approach is central composite design (CCD). The statistical models were developed between the concrete constituents (clay brick powder and water cement ratio) and their response variables (slump, compressive and split tensile strength). Relationships were established and mathematical models in terms of actual factors from predicted responses were developed. The influence of the considered factors on the properties of response were visually observed from the contour and response surface plots. The statistical models of experimental values clearly depict that the obtained experimental values are in close agreement with the predicted values, which validates the response surface models with desirability value of 1. The results show that pulverized clay brick waste have significant influence on the properties of concrete than the water cement (w/c) ratio, however, a declining trend was seen for all analyzed concrete properties. In addition, this study showed that the pulverized waste brick can be used as alternative substitute for Portland cement up to 20% in the production of sustainable concrete.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.140
title: RETROFITTING METHODS AGAINST FATIGUE CRACKING IN STEEL GIRDER WEB PENETRATION

description: Fatigue cracking in steel girder web penetration details is so dangerous that it can break steel girders. Since a number of highway bridges have such web penetration details in Japan, it is of urgent importance to grasp these fatigue strength properties and develop effective retrofitting methods. In a previous report, we investigated the stress distributions around web penetration details, and fatigue cracking behavior, using steel girder specimens with web penetration details. In this study, we investigate effects of retrofitting methods against fatigue cracking in web penetration details through fatigue tests using large girder specimens with web penetration details in which cross beam lower flanges are connected to lower surface of a slot by welding. Principal results obtained through this study are as follows: (1) Weld toe grinding can extend fatigue life more than 5 times, (2) Two-face attachment can extend fatigue life more than 10 times, and (3) Two-face attachment with weld toe grinding can extend fatigue life more than 25 times.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.141
title: REUSE OF GLASS AND CLAY BRICK WASTES AS SUBSTITUTE FOR NATURAL AGGREGATE IN GREEN CONCRETE

description: Utilization of recycled waste materials in making concrete is identified as a sustainable means of managing wastes, thereby reducing the energy consumption, preserving the environment and conserving of natural resources from depletion. Researchers referred to this type of concrete as "green" concrete. This study examines the possible reusing of crushed waste glass as partial and complete substitute for natural aggregates in production of moderate strength green concrete with the addition of ground clay brick as admixture. The clay bricks were obtained as generated wastes from the ceramic and brick producing factory, while the glass wastes were sourced from dump sites and waste collection points within Ota, Nigeria. The waste glass varied from 25% 100% in steps of 25%, and the ground clay brick was added in 10%, 15% and 20% by mass of Portland cement into the concrete mixes. Tests, which include workability and characteristics strength were carried out on the concrete specimens. Microstructural examination was performed on selected concrete specimens. Results indicate reduction in workability with increased waste glass and clay brick powder content. Moreover, the characteristic compressive strength of the concrete specimens increased with curing age, however, concrete mixes containing 10% clay brick powder and 25% waste glass aggregate showed significant improvement in strength at curing age of 28 days than the control concrete.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.142
title: REVIEWING GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES ON IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION

description: Sectoral development activities, lack of standards on eco-systematic approach, prioritizing short-term outcomes, and ignoring the holistic and comprehensive prospects of sustainability have led to environmental degradation. Therefore, the Indonesian government has realized the importance of implementing sustainable development concepts in every phase of infrastructure project life-cycle. This paper reviews the existing government regulations on sustainable construction implementation guidelines, which underlie the execution of infrastructure project throughout five phases of project life-cycle, namely (1) programming, (2) technical planning, (3) construction execution, (4) utilization, and (5) demolition. A relook at existing regulation in term of providing more technical concepts on implementing the sustainable principles throughout the infrastructure project life-cycle is necessary to help both the construction services users and providers in implementing sustainable construction principles in Indonesia. The outcome of this review can serve as a guide to develop a technical concept for the implementation of the sustainable construction in infrastructure projects in order to create sustainable development in Indonesia
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.143
title: REVISITING SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS IN CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

description: Artificial neural networks have been widely used for modeling and simulation of different problems in the construction industry, including, but not limited to, regression, clustering, and classification. They provide solutions for complex problems where other modeling methods often fail. For instance, they can capture nonlinear and complex relationships between the variables while many traditional modeling methods fail. However, they have their own limitations. They often can only be trained for a specific problem with a predetermined number of inputs and outputs. As a result, any change that requires an update in the architecture of the network cannot be automatically done and require human intervention. The recent developments in the field of artificial neural networks resulted in new concepts such as neural architecture search, reinforcement learning, and neuroevolution. These new areas can provide new methods for solving past and existing problems facing the construction industry in a more efficient, elegant, and versatile manner. One of the main contributions of the recent developments is networks that can optimize their own architecture and networks that are able to evolve and change their architecture. This paper aims to briefly review the application areas of the artificial neural networks in construction engineering and management and discuss how the recent developments in this field can be applied and provide better solutions.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.144
title: RHEOLOGY OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE USED FOR SUPERTALL BUILDINGS

description: Nowadays, self-compacting concrete (SCC) is widely being used for supertall building construction in Vietnam. With high workability, SCC allows us to speed up pumping, placing, and surface finishing, which results in a reduction in building cost. Popular methods such as slump flow, T500, and V funnel test are used to indirectly determine rheological properties of SCC. However, these methods do not present yield stress and plastic viscosity, which are the most parameters affecting the pumping property. In this paper, the SCC rheology is determined directly through yield stress and plastic viscosity with the flow curve test and stress growth test by using the rheometer equipment. Thereby, limitation of the yield stress and the plastic viscosity is recommended for vertically pumping to supertall building project without segregation and bleeding.
DOI: 10.25810/qt7k-6r09.24
title: Swedish Newspaper Coverage of Climate Change or Global Warming, 2000-2021 - April 2021

description:         The Media and Climate Change Observatory Data monitors 127 sources (across newspapers, radio and TV) in 59 countries in seven different regions around the world. Data is assembled by accessing archives through the Lexis Nexis, Proquest and Factiva databases via the University of Colorado libraries. More information may be found at: http://mecco.colorado.edu.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.145
title: ROLE OF INDUSTRY EMPLOYERS IN FOSTERING EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

description: Graduate skills and employability discussions have continued to be a contentious issue for both international and local employers. The concerns of industry employers stem from their inability to acquire graduates with the requisite skills and competencies to effectively solve arising industry problems. This concern has led employers to cast blames on higher education institutions (HEIs), who they feel are responsible for the development of these skills which employers continuously seek from fresh graduates. Subsequently, present-day employers have sought innovative ways to train and re-train new employees to help ease their transition into the world of work. This paper identifies the various approaches and ways by which industry employers develop the required skills of graduates. An extant review of literature was conducted from databases such as Academic Search Complete, ASCE conference proceedings, EBSCOhost, Emerald, ERIC, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer, Taylor and Francis online, amongst others. One of the primary findings stemming from this study revealed that in-house training, job rotation, coaching and mentoring, and cross-functional teams are some of the key approaches by which industry employers can develop skills and competencies among fresh graduates. This study concludes that HEIs are not solely responsible for the development of employability skills among graduates, but reckons that both the employers of labour and graduates themselves have a crucial role to play in the construction education discourse.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.146
title: SCRAP TIRE RUBBER-BASED AGGREGATE IN LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE

description: Reusing rubber particles from used tires is good for the environment and, moreover, the world's population is becoming progressively conscious that a very high demand for natural resources is unsustainable. As the concrete industry consumes high amounts of natural resources, both for clinkering and gravel aggregate production, one must focus on its sustainability, considering environmental and economic issues. Therefore, reuse of waste tire rubber in concrete or in other composite materials is a logical solution for sustainable production of construction materials. Hence, the paper is aimed at the development and testing of lightweight concrete composed of a high volume of crushed waste tire rubber used as partial replacement of natural silica aggregate. In order to access the effect of incorporation waste tire rubber-based aggregate in concrete composition, reference concrete mix based on silica aggregate only is studied as well. The crushed waste tire rubber is characterized by its powder density, specific density, and particle size distribution. Specific attention is paid to thermal transport and storage properties of waste rubber that are examined in dependence on compaction time. For the developed lightweight concrete, mechanical, hygric, and thermal properties are tested. The tested lightweight concrete is found to be alternative and environmentally friendly construction material possessing improved thermal insulation function, interesting hygric parameters and sufficient mechanical resistance.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.147
title: SEISMIC DESIGN EVALUATION OF LIQUID-FILLED STIFFENED STEEL CYLINDRICAL TANKS

description: This paper aims to estimate dynamic buckling loads of cylindrical liquid storage tanks. Finite element analysis is performed using ANSYS computer program. Twelve different geometries of the cylindrical tanks are analyzed with height to diameter (H/D) ratios of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 and the diameter to thickness (D/t) ratios of 1000, 1500, and 2000 to cover tall and short cylindrical tanks. The dynamic buckling capacities of cylindrical tanks filled with water up to 90% of their height are investigated in this study. The transient dynamic analysis is performed to find the dynamic buckling loads. Applied dynamic loads in this study are horizontal earthquake excitations in terms of acceleration (g) due to gravity. The transient dynamic analysis results indicate that the dynamic buckling loads decrease when the H/D ratios increase, and the dynamic buckling loads decrease when the D/t ratios increase. Design curves for the cylindrical tanks of various geometries subjected to earthquake accelerations are generated.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.148
title: SEISMIC DESIGN OF FRAME STRUCTURES EQUIPPED WITH INNOVATIVE HYSTERETIC DISSIPATIVE DEVICES

description: In the present work, a Performance-Based Seismic Design procedure applied to multistorey frame structures with innovative hysteretic diagonal steel devices (called Crescent Shaped Braces or CSB) is introduced. CSBs are steel elements of peculiar geometrical shapes that can be adopted in frame buildings as enhanced hysteretic diagonal braces. Based on their "boomerang" configuration and placement inside the frame structure, they are characterized by a lateral stiffness uncoupled from the yield strength and, if properly inserted, by an overall symmetric hysteretic behavior with hardening response at large drifts, thus preventing from global structural instability due to second-order effects. The procedure here presented is intended to guide the structural engineer through all the steps of the design process, from the selection of the performance objectives to the preliminary sizing of the CSB devices, up to the final design configuration. The steps are described in detail through the development of an applicative example.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.149
title: SEISMIC EVALUATION OF SQUARE HSS BRACES IN SCBF USING REGRESSION ANALYSIS

description: Since the 1990s, structural engineering practice geared toward the use of hollow structural sections (HSS), notably square HSS, for their economy, and ease of design and construction. According to the AISC Seismic Provisions, during a severe earthquake, these braces could undergo post-buckling axial deformations 10 to 20 times their yielding deformation. However, recent experimental studies indicate that braces made of square HSS, depending on their size, width-to-thickness, and slenderness ratio, are vulnerable to fracture even prior to 10. Therefore, relying on past experimental studies comprised of a few square HSS specimens to develop seismic requirements for SCBF with square HSS could lead to underestimation of the seismic risk. This paper aims to evaluate the fracture risk of braces in existing SCBFs designed in accordance with AISC 341-05 and AISC 341-16 through incremental dynamic analyses (IDA) along with experimentally developed regression model that estimates fracture.
DOI: 10.12755/isec.res.2019.150
title: SEISMIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF PILOTI-TYPE BUILDINGS AFTER AN EARTHQUAKE

description: On November 15, 2017, the second strongest earthquake occurred in Korea, which was 5.4 in size on the Richter Scale. The duration of the earthquake was short, but the damage was serious. Two recent earthquakes have shown that our country is no longer safe from earthquakes. However, to date, Korean structures are showing a low earthquake resistance, and seismic retrofitting is necessary in preparation for a largescale earthquake. In this study, reinforcing effect of steel slit damper was analyzed based on the dynamic test results of the previously studied reinforced concrete frame. After that, push over analysis and nonlinear time history analysis using OpenSees were selected for the residential piloti-type building as the target building. In the above Korean earthquake, the damage to the piloti-type building was conspicuous. Through analysis, the vulnerable part of the piloti-type building was identified and the seismic strengthening with the steel slit damper was carried out.