cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3r0s513
title: Data from: Economic trust in young children

description: Mutually beneficial interactions often require trust that others will
 reciprocate. Such interpersonal trust is foundational to
 evolutionarily-unique aspects of human social behavior, such as economic
 exchange. In adults, interpersonal trust is often assessed using the
 ‘trust game,’ in which a lender invests resources in a trustee who may or
 may not repay the loan. This game captures two crucial elements of
 economic exchange: the potential for greater mutual benefits by trusting
 in others, and the moral hazard that others may betray that trust. While
 adults across cultures can trust others, little is known about the
 developmental origins of this crucial cooperative ability. We developed
 the first version of the trust game for use with young children that
 addresses these two components of trust. Across three experiments, we
 demonstrate that 4- and 6-year-olds recognize opportunities to invest in
 others, sharing more when reciprocation is possible than in a context
 measuring pure generosity. Yet children become better with age at
 investing in trustworthy over untrustworthy partners, indicating that this
 cooperative skill emerges later in ontogeny. Together, our results
 indicate that young children can engage in complex economic exchanges
 involving judgments about interpersonal trust and show increasing
 sensitivity to appropriate partners over development.
description: Economic Trust in
 Children: Study 1Trial data from Study 1
 (Access versus No Access). Key for variable codes included as a separate
 tab in the file.Rosati_etal_Trust_Study1.xlsxEconomic Trust in Children: Study 2Trial data from Study 2 (Investment Game versus Dictator Game). Key for variable codes included as a separate tab in the file.Rosati_etal_Trust_Study2.xlsxEconomic Trust in Children: Study 3Trial data from Study 3 (Trustworthy Partner versus Untrustworthy Partner). Key for variable codes included as a separate tab in the file.Rosati_etal_Trust_Study3.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5f5hh60
title: Data from: Using R-based image analysis to quantify rusts on perennial ryegrass

description: Crown and stem rust are major diseases of perennial ryegrass (Lolium
 perenne L.). Plant breeders and pathologists often rate rust severity in
 the field using the modified Cobb scale, but this method is subjective and
 labor intensive. A novel, open-source system using ImageJ and R was
 developed to quantify pustule number and area using digital images
 collected from spaced plants in the field. The computer-processing
 pipeline included development of training data for prediction of pixel
 identity using random forest and noise reduction spatial processing.
 Raters and the computer scored rust severity on plant images of varying
 complexity including whole-plant (WP), five-leaf (FL), and single-leaf
 (SL) image series. Computer accuracy was determined using the SL, while
 the FL series gave insight into the true value of WP severity. Rater
 ability was assessed using a panel of nine scientists with varying levels
 of disease rating experience. Results showed rater perceptions of crown
 rust severity were very consistent across images, but agreement on
 severity values for a given image were low. Rater consistency for stem
 rust severity was low and FL scores were not strongly correlated with WP
 scores (r = 0.36, P = 0.03), indicating low rater accuracy. The
 computer-processing pipeline was able to accurately discriminate, count,
 and quantify crown and stem rust pustules on leaf samples. Correlations
 between computer and the median rater score for crown rust were excellent
 (r &gt; 0.90, P &lt; 0.001) for all image series. Similar to
 raters, there was a lack of correlation between WP and FL series (r =
 0.20, not significant) indicating that this technique is limited to leaf
 or stem samples for stem rust and not applicable to WP. However, the
 computer-processing pipeline shows promise in replacing visual rating of
 WP for crown rust.
description: R-based image analysis
 metadataThis data set contains
 all the data that was used for the publication "Using R-based image
 analysis to quantify rusts on perennial ryegrass." This does not
 contain information on how to conduct image analysis. Please refer to the
 manuscript in The Plant Phenome Journal.DIAC_metadata_01.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k30b72f
title: Data from: Little to no inbreeding depression in a tapeworm with mixed mating

description: Meta‐studies on hermaphrodites have found a negative relationship between
 primary selfing rates and levels of inbreeding depression (ID) and, thus,
 generally support purging in inbred systems. However, in plants, high
 among‐taxa variance in ID results in no difference in the mean ID between
 outcrossing and mixed‐mating taxa. Selective interference likely explains
 high ID among mixed‐mating taxa, whereas low levels of ID among
 mixed‐mating taxa are not as stressed. Among animal hermaphrodites,
 primarily molluscs, there are little data on mixed‐mating systems. To fill
 a taxonomic and mating system gap, we tested for ID in a mixed‐mating
 tapeworm, Oochoristica javaensis. We provide a direct estimate of ID
 across infection of an intermediate host by comparing selfing rates at two
 life history stages. We found little to no evidence for ID, and the level
 of ID falls in line with what is reported for highly selfing species even
 though O. javaensis has mixed mating. We discuss this result within the
 context of kin mating in O. javaensis. Our results emphasize that primary
 selfing rates alone may be insufficient to classify the inbreeding history
 in all species when testing for a relationship to ID. Mixed‐mating taxa,
 and possibly some outcrossing taxa, may exhibit low levels of ID if
 biparental inbreeding is also driving purging. We advocate that ID studies
 report estimates of inbreeding history (e.g. FIS or identity
 disequilibrium) from nature‐derived adult samples to provide context
 rather than relying on primary selfing rates alone.
description: Genotype
 dataTable
 S1.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k48h616
title: Data from: Diverse temperate forest bird assemblages demonstrate closer correspondence to plant species composition than vegetation structure

description: The aggregate structure of vegetation has long provided a strong
 conceptual basis for understanding the ecological separation of faunal
 species, while correspondence with plant species composition remains
 largely underdeveloped and considered secondary to structure. Longstanding
 ecological debate on the matter has likely been sustained by statistical
 methods incapable of accommodating an entire species composition in the
 explanatory role. We used direct ordination methodologies (predictive
 co-correspondence and canonical correspondence analyses) that allow the
 comparison of prediction levels between composition and structure for
 understanding avian assemblage composition in a temperate forestland in
 southeastern Ohio. Compositional (birds and woody plants) and structural
 (both vertical and horizontal dimensions) data were collected from point
 samples comprising a spectrum in topography and successional state. Total
 woody plant composition (11.22%) explained more (cross-validatory)
 variation in avian species composition than structure, quantified with
 dense LiDAR recordings (7.35%) and field methods (6.31%). Plant
 composition assumed an integrative character, synthesizing aspects of
 environmental condition, structure, and most likely species-specific
 preferences for tree and shrub species that structural indices alone could
 not for predicting avian species composition. These results conflict with
 the traditional view that structure be most influential to avian
 assemblage composition. Instead these results demonstrate that plant and
 avian assemblages are closely linked, and that plant species per se can be
 a powerful tool for predicting avian habitat. More importantly, in
 furthering ecological understanding, it is critical to consider the
 complex web of interacting processes that make up temperate forest
 ecosystems, in which composition occupies a key position.
description: bta_snm_birds_trees_struc_vs_compThese are the data that accompany Adams, B.T., and S.N. Matthews. Diverse temperate forest bird assemblages demonstrate closer correspondence to plant species composition than vegetation structure. Ecography. 10.1111/ecog.04487
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hd542s1
title: Data from: Combined effects of grazing management and climate on semi-arid steppes: hysteresis dynamics prevent recovery of degraded rangelands

description: 1. Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands
 around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change
 scenarios may amplify these effects and even lead to catastrophic
 vegetation shifts. 2. We assess the long-term effects (1900-2100) of
 grazing and rainfall on various aspects of vegetation structure including
 the grass-shrub balance, the maintenance of spatial vegetation patterns,
 and the decline or recovery of palatable grasses (e.g., Poa ligularis) on
 a cover and/or density basis. We used the eco-hydrological and
 individual-based simulation model DINVEG for this purpose, which describes
 the spatiotemporal dynamics of Patagonian grass-shrub steppes based on six
 decades of field research (1955-2018). 3. Rainfall and grazing affected
 the simulated vegetation structure in different ways. Total plant cover
 was mostly influenced by rainfall, but the cover of palatable grasses was
 mostly influenced by stocking rate. Dry conditions and low stocking rates
 (122 mm/yr and &lt; 0.2 sheep·ha-1) favoured grasses over shrubs,
 whereas shrub encroachment occurred only in the high rainfall scenario
 combined with high stocking rates (181 mm/yr and &gt; 0.2 sheep·ha-1).
 4. High stocking rates and/or drier conditions caused only gradual shifts
 in spatial vegetation patterns, but maintained the observed positive
 association for grasses around shrubs. In contrast, shrub encroachment was
 associated with repulsion between grasses and shrubs and the formation of
 shrub clusters into a matrix of scattered less palatable grasses. 5. Plant
 compositional changes occurred through grass species replacement (e.g., P.
 ligularis is replaced by Pappostipa humilis) and the associated hysteresis
 effect of palatable grass species: model simulations suggest that 2-3
 decades of heavy and year-long continuous grazing can drive palatable
 grasses to close to extinction, whereas natural recovery of degraded
 steppes may take 100 years or longer. 6. Synthesis and applications:
 Management that alternates between years of grazing and resting was
 effective to maintain the cover of palatable grasses, but this allowed for
 only very slow recovery of degraded steppes. While drier climate and
 grazing may not change the overall spatial patterns of vegetation, our
 results are rather pessimistic regarding the short-term recovery of
 palatable grasses. This will require increasing complexity in ecosystem
 restoration efforts, combined with interventions such as sowing, watering,
 reseeding or major changes in land use.01-Jul-2019
description: Simulated Data by
 DINVEG-GrazingThe table sheet includes
 the whole simulated data for different response variables at cover and
 density basis with DINVEG model across climate scenarios, stocking rates,
 grazing managements, initial conditions and
 parameterizations.Cipriotti_etal_JAppEco2018-1000_SimDataDINVEG.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mn84h20
title: Data from: No energetic cost of tuberculosis infection in European badgers (Meles meles)

description: 1. Energy availability and energy use directly influence an organism’s
 life history, fitness and ecological function. In wild animals, abiotic
 factors such as ambient temperature, season and rainfall, and biotic
 factors such as body mass, age, social group size and disease status, all
 potentially influence energy balance. 2. Relatively few studies have
 examined the effects of disease on the energy expenditure of wild animals.
 Such studies could further our understanding of factors influencing the
 transmission of zoonotic diseases. The European badger (Meles meles) is a
 medium-sized carnivore that occurs in mixed-sex, familial groups across
 much of its range. In the UK they are a protected species but are also
 involved in the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in cattle. 3. We
 measured the daily energy expenditure (DEE) and resting metabolic rate
 (RMR) of wild badgers and related this to their TB infection status and a
 range of other interacting factors including season, group size, disease
 status, sex, age, body mass and body fat. 4. Individuals were larger and
 fatter when they were older and fatter during the winter. Males were also
 heavier than females during the summer. In addition, individuals from
 smaller groups that were exposed to TB tended to have lower body mass. 5.
 There were no direct effects of disease status on DEE or RMR, however,
 there was a significant interaction whereby DEE increased with body mass
 in small groups but decreased with body mass in large groups. 6. Results
 are consistent with the costs of TB infection being met by compensatory
 mechanisms enabling badgers to survive for extended periods without
 exhibiting measurable energetic consequences.
description: Barbour et al.
 dataDaily energy expenditure
 and resting metabolic rate of badgers
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fv3t300
title: Data from: Lifetime fitness in wild baboons: tradeoffs and individual heterogeneity in quality

description: Understanding the evolution of life histories requires information on how
 life histories vary among individuals, and how such variation predicts
 individual fitness. Using complete life histories for females in a
 well-studied population of wild baboons, we tested two non-exclusive
 hypotheses about the relationships among survival, reproduction, and
 fitness: the quality hypothesis, which predicts positive correlations
 between life history traits, mediated by variation in resource
 acquisition, and the tradeoff hypothesis, which predicts negative
 correlations between life history traits, mediated by tradeoffs in
 resource allocation. In support of the quality hypothesis, we found that
 females with higher rates of offspring survival were themselves better at
 surviving. Further, after statistically controlling for variation in
 female quality, we found evidence for two types of tradeoffs: females who
 produced surviving offspring at a slower rate had longer lifespans than
 those who produced surviving offspring at a faster rate, and females who
 produced surviving offspring at a slower rate had a higher overall
 proportion of offspring survive infancy than females who produced
 surviving offspring at a faster rate. Importantly, these tradeoffs were
 evident even when accounting for: (i) the influence of offspring survival
 on maternal birth rate, (ii) the dependence of offspring survival on
 maternal survival, and (iii) potential age-related changes in birth rate
 and/or offspring survival. Our results shed light on why tradeoffs are
 evident in some populations, while variation in individual quality masks
 tradeoffs in others.
description: Maternal and offspring
 lifespansThis file contains a row
 for every birth in the dataset. For every birth, the mother is noted, the
 mother's age at that birth, the lifespan of the offspring born and
 the mother's age at her own death.dryad_data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2v4h7bv
title: Data from: An integrated pathway for building regional phylogenies for ecological studies

description: Aims: Phylogenies are increasingly used in community ecology, biogeography
 and macroecology. However, sourcing a phylogeny comprising the entire
 species pool for a focal region can be difficult. Typically, a bespoke
 phylogeny must be created requiring considerable data manipulation and the
 use of many standalone software. Here we present a suite of methodological
 tools within the popular R environment that help to build molecular
 phylogenies appropriate for ecological studies with a regional focus.
 Innovation: Our R package regPhylo provides a pipeline to construct a
 Bayesian posterior distribution of time-calibrated trees suitable to
 address ecological questions. The novel contributions of regPhylo include
 options to: use prior phylogenetic knowledge through flexible topological
 constraints; include spatial metadata in sourcing DNA sequences; and
 include taxa without DNA sequences and then infer consequent phylogenetic
 uncertainty. Specifically, regPhylo helps researchers: retrieve DNA
 sequences; enhance available metadata; select DNA sequences based on their
 length or spatial proximity to the region of study; align sequences; and
 perform quality control. Output from the pipeline is a file ready to run
 in the Bayesian tree reconstruction software BEAST2, appropriate for
 estimating time-calibrated trees and including phylogenetic uncertainty
 for downstream analyses. Main conclusions: Overall, regPhylo improves the
 integration of popular standalone phylogenetic software into the flexible
 R environment. It provides a novel approach to include topological
 constraints based on prior knowledge, include taxa without DNA sequences,
 and select spatially appropriate DNA sequences. When coupled with a
 Bayesian tree-building process, our approach provides estimates of
 uncertainty in both topology and branch-lengths. We demonstrate the
 utility of the package by constructing a posterior distribution of
 time-calibrated phylogenies for the New Zealand marine ray-finned fishes
 (Actinopterygii) providing the unprecedented opportunity to include
 phylogenetic information in downstream ecological analyses for marine
 fishes in this region.
description: Appendix 1
 TutorialTutorial presenting the
 regPhylo R package with a short exampleAppendix_1_Tutorial_Dryad.pdfAppendix 2 TutorialIn-depth tutorial presenting the regPhylo R package for the case studyAppendix_2_Tutorial_Dryad.pdfData for Appendix 1All data related to the example described in the tutorial from the Appendix 1Tuto_regPhylo.zipData for Appendix 2All data related to the case study of New Zealand marine ray-finned fishes described in the tutorial from the Appendix 2.DataAccessibility_R3.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.84s01sv
title: Data from: Incidence of cancer-associated thromboembolism in Japanese gastric and colorectal cancer patients receiving chemotherapy: a single-institutional retrospective cohort analysis (Sapporo CAT study)

description: Objective: Few data regarding the incidence of cancer-associated
 thromboembolism (TE) are available for Asian populations. We investigated
 the incidence of TE (TEi) and its risk factors among gastric and
 colorectal cancer (GCC) patients who received chemotherapy in a daily
 practice setting. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Setting: A single
 institutional study that used data from Sapporo City General Hospital,
 Japan, on patients treated between January 2008 and May 2015.
 Participants: Five hundred Japanese GCC patients who started chemotherapy
 from January 2008 to May 2015. Primary and secondary outcome measures: TE
 was diagnosed by reviewing all the reports of contrast-enhanced computed
 tomography (CT) performed during the follow-up period. All types of
 thrombosis detected by CT or additional imaging tests, such as venous TE,
 arterial TE, and cerebral infarction, were defined as TE. Medical records
 of all identified patients were reviewed and potential risk factors for TE
 including clinicopathological backgrounds were collected. We defined the
 following patients as ‘active cancer’; patients with unresectable advanced
 GCC, cancer recurrence during or after completing adjuvant (Adj)
 chemotherapy, and/or presence of other malignant tumours. Results: Of the
 500 patients, 70 patients (14.0%) developed TE during the follow-up
 period. TEi was 9.2% and 17.3% in gastric and colorectal cancer patients,
 18.1% and 3.5% in active and non-active cancer patients, and 24.0% and
 12.9% in multiple and single primary, respectively. Multivariate logistic
 regression analysis showed that colorectal cancer (odds ratio [OR], 2.371;
 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.328 to 4.233), active cancer (OR 7.593;
 95% CI 2.950 to 19.543), and multiple primary (OR 2.527; 95% CI 1.189 to
 5.370) were independently associated with TEi. Conclusion: TEi was 14.0%
 among Japanese GCC patients received chemotherapy, and was significantly
 higher among patients with colorectal cancer, active cancer, and multiple
 primary than among those with gastric cancer, non-active cancer, and
 single primary, respectively.
description: Sapporo CAT
 studyThe uploaded data is
 including raw data of this manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6r99k25
title: Data from: Litter accumulation alters the abiotic environment and drives community successional changes in two fenced grasslands in Inner Mongolia

description: Fencing is an effective and practical method for restoring degraded
 grasslands in northern China. However, little is known about the role of
 excess litter accumulation due to long-term fencing in regulating abiotic
 environment and driving changes in community structure and function. We
 conducted a three-year field experiment in two fenced grasslands in Inner
 Mongolia, and monitored light quantity, soil temperature, and soil
 moisture continuously, and determined community height, community
 aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP), and the relative dominance of
 different plant functional groups. Litter accumulation reduced light
 quantity and soil temperature but increased soil moisture. The regulating
 effects of litter accumulation on soil temperature and soil moisture
 fluctuated temporally and gradually weakened over the growing season.
 Litter accumulation also altered community vertical structure and function
 by increasing community height and ANPP. The increase in soil moisture
 increased the relative dominance of rhizome grasses but suppressed bunch
 grasses, thereby shifting bunch grass grasslands to rhizome grass
 grasslands. Our findings provide a potential mechanism for community
 succession in the context of litter accumulation in fenced grasslands, and
 indicate that the vegetation and ecosystem services of degraded grasslands
 are improved after appropriate fencing.
description: litter accumulation
 drives community changes in fenced grasslandsdata
 base.xlsx