cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5q02f35
title: Data from: Habitat choice meets thermal specialization: competition with specialists may drive suboptimal habitat preferences in generalists

description: Limited dispersal is classically considered as a prerequisite for
 ecological specialization to evolve, such that generalists are expected to
 show greater dispersal propensity compared with specialists. However, when
 individuals choose habitats that maximize their performance instead of
 dispersing randomly, theory predicts dispersal with habitat choice to
 evolve in specialists, while generalists should disperse more randomly. We
 tested whether habitat choice is associated with thermal niche
 specialization using microcosms of the ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, a
 species that performs active dispersal and habitat choice. We found that
 thermal specialists preferred optimal habitats as predicted by theory, a
 link that should make specialists more likely to track suitable conditions
 under environmental changes than expected under the random dispersal
 assumption. Surprisingly, generalists also performed habitat choice but
 with a preference for suboptimal habitats. Since this result challenges
 current theory, we developed a simple metapopulation model to understand
 under which circumstances such a preference for suboptimal habitats should
 evolve. We showed that competition between generalists and specialists may
 favor a preference for niche margins in generalists under environmental
 variability. Our results demonstrate that the behavioral dimension of
 dispersal—here, habitat choice—fundamentally alters our predictions of how
 dispersal evolve with niche specialization, making dispersal behaviors
 crucial for ecological forecasting facing environmental changes.
description: Data Jacob et al. 2018.
 PNASData of dispersal rate,
 habitat choice and thermal niche of genotypes of Tetrahymena
 thermophila
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h1167
title: Data from: Isolation of microsatellite loci by next-generation sequencing of the critically endangered Northern Bald ibis, Geronticus eremita

description: The Northern Bald Ibis is one of the rarest bird species, extinct in
 Europe for 400 years and critically endangered worldwide. The European
 Union-co-financed LIFE+ project “Reason for Hope - Reintroduction of the
 Northern Bald Ibis in Europe” aims to reintroduce the species in Europe
 (Germany, Austria, Italy). In order to obtain information on the genetic
 diversity within zoo colonies and the reintroduced population, fifteen
 polymorphic microsatellite markers, specific for the Northern Bald Ibis,
 Geronticus eremita (LINNAEUS, 1785), have been isolated from
 next-generation sequencing (Illumina MiSeq) and are here described. The
 microsatellite primers were tested in 30 individuals and measures of
 genetic variability were calculated. Values for the observed
 heterozygosity ranged from 0.393 to 0.867, while expected heterozygosity
 ranged from 0.573 to 0.718. Ten out of fifteen loci were in Hardy-Weinberg
 equilibrium and only one showed indication for the presence of null
 alleles. The newly developed PCR primers can be used to examine population
 genetic parameters e.g. for future conservation genetic studies of this
 critically endangered bird species.
description: Supplementary table
 S3_microsatellite profilesMicrosatellite profiles
 and information of origin for 30 individuals screened in this
 study.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.787rm
title: Data from: Species richness and the temporal stability of biomass production: a new analysis of recent biodiversity experiments

description: The relationship between biological diversity and ecological stability has
 fascinated ecologists for decades. Determining the generality of this
 relationship, and discovering the mechanisms that underlie it, are vitally
 important for ecosystem management. Here, we investigate how species
 richness affects the temporal stability of biomass production by
 re-analyzing 27 recent biodiversity experiments conducted with primary
 producers. We find that, in grasslands, increasing species richness
 stabilizes whole-community biomass but destabilizes the dynamics of
 constituent populations. Community biomass is stabilized because species
 richness impacts mean biomass more strongly than its variance. In algal
 communities, species richness has a minimal effect on community stability
 because richness affects the mean and variance of biomass nearly equally.
 Using a new measure of synchrony among species, we find that for both
 grasslands and algae, temporal correlations in species biomass are lower
 when species are grown together in polyculture than when grown alone in
 monoculture. These results suggest that interspecific interactions tend to
 stabilize community biomass in diverse communities. Contrary to prevailing
 theory, we found no evidence that species' responses to environmental
 variation in monoculture predicted the strength of diversity's
 stabilizing effect. Together, these results deepen our understanding of
 when and why increasing species richness stabilizes community biomass.
description: Characteristics of and
 calculated stability metrics for 27 biodiversity - ecosystem function
 experimentsThis data set contains
 summary statistics and calculated stability metrics for 27 biodiversity -
 ecosystem function (BEF) experiments. These experiments were selected from
 a literature survey, and include all BEF experiments that (a)
 experimentally manipulated species richness of primary producers, (b)
 included single-species monocultures, (c) measured biomass production at
 least three time points, (d) retained individual data for all experimental
 units (as opposed to treatment means), and (e) made raw data available.
 Data reported for each experiment include basic descriptors of the
 experimental design, and several calculated statistics that summarize the
 observed relationship between species diversity and ecosystem
 stability.Gross et al
 data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rv982
title: Data from: Thermal sensitivity of a Neotropical amphibian (Engystomops pustulosus) and its vulnerability to climate change

description: A species’ thermal sensitivity and its exposure to climate variation are
 key components in the prediction of its vulnerability to climate change.
 We tested the thermal sensitivity of a tropical amphibian that lives in a
 mild constant climate in which the thermal tolerance range is expected to
 closely match the experienced environmental temperature. The air
 temperature that this species is exposed to varies between 21.9 and 31.6°C
 with an annual mean of 27.2°C. We estimated the microhabitat water
 temperature variation under vegetation shade, which buffers the
 temperature by 1.8°C in relation to that of the air, and with open canopy,
 where the water was 1.9°C warmer than the air temperature. With broods of
 tadpoles split into five treatments (15°C, 21°C, 28°C, 31°C, and 33°C), we
 estimated the critical thermal maximum (CTMax) and critical thermal
 minimum (CTMin) after at least 7 days of acclimation. Both CTMax (42.3°C)
 and CTMin (11.8°C) were more extreme than the temperature range estimated
 for the field. We estimated the optimum temperature (To = 28.8°C) and the
 thermal performance breadth (range: 23.3–34.1°C) based on growth rate
 (g/day). The animals were able to acclimate more extensively to cold than
 to warm temperatures. These performance curve traits closely matched the
 air temperature. The estimated vulnerability varied according to the
 microhabitat prediction model used. The combination of tadpole data on
 thermal sensitivity and macro- and microhabitat variation provides a
 necessary framework to understand the effects of climate change on
 tropical amphibians.
description: CTmin/max and
 acclimation original datasetThis data file contains
 the CTMax/Min, mass, length, bmi, acclimation days, and temperature
 treatments used for the data analysis.Final150701_toler_hard_acclim-cold_hot.txtMonthly temperature from meteorological station, worldclim, and projected climatesThis dataset contains the monthly temperature (mean, max, min) used for the estimation of local temperature (worldclim, projected climate with Representative Concentration Pathways, meteorological station). The meteorological station data was used to estimate the microclimatic variation.Mean_models_temps1.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.421r174
title: Data from: Ageing with a silver-spoon: a meta-analysis of the effect of developmental environment on senescence

description: What determines variation between individuals in how they senesce, and are
 environmental conditions experienced during development relevant to
 late-life performance? We report a meta-analysis of studies of wild
 populations to determine how the quality of the environment experienced
 during development affects rates of survival and reproductive senescence.
 From studies of 14 bird or mammal species, we calculated effect sizes for
 the interaction between the effects of environmental quality during
 development and age in predicting survival (N = 18) or reproduction (N =
 30) over time in late life. We found no evidence that developmental
 environment affected rates of survival senescence (β mean = -1.2 x 10-4 ±
 0.022SE). However, a better developmental environment was associated with
 slower rates of reproductive senescence in late life (β mean = 0.062 ±
 0.023SE), indicating a small, but significant, "silver-spoon"
 effect of early-life conditions that persisted through to late life. Our
 results illustrate how the effects of environmental conditions during
 development can persist throughout life, and indicate one possible cause
 of phenotypic plasticity in senescence.
description: Appendix
 S2The
 raw data used in all meta-analyses for both survival and reproduction
 senescence rates models.appendix_s2.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3f2s5
title: Data from: Toxoplasma gondii infection enhances testicular steriodogeneis in rat

description: The protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii enhances the sexual
 attractiveness of infected male rats and attenuates the innate fear of cat
 odor in infected individuals. These behavioral changes plausibly lead to
 greater transmission of parasites through sexual and trophic routes,
 respectively. Testosterone, a testicular steroid, is known to reduce fear
 and enhance sexual attractiveness in males. Here, we show that Toxoplasma
 gondii infection enhances expression of genes involved in facilitating
 synthesis of testosterone, resulting in greater testicular testosterone
 production in male rats. In several species, testosterone mediates
 trade-offs between sexually selected traits and life-history decisions.
 Augmentation of testosterone synthesis by Toxoplasma gondii suggests that
 parasites may manipulate these trade-offs in rats.
description: Raw data describing
 upregulation of testosterone synthesis in male rats infected with
 Toxoplasma gondiiFirst worksheet of this
 file ("DeltaCt") contains results obtained form a quantitative
 PCR to estimate mRNA abundance of testes enzymes involved in
 steroidogeneis. Delta Ct values between target gen and reference (GAPDH)
 are given. The second and third worksheets ("T Testes" and
 "T serum", respectively) depicts amount of testosterone measured
 by EIA in testes and serum of control and infected animals. Finally, the
 fourth worksheet lists level of aversion of cat odor in control and
 infected animals, with or without castration. It depicts % occupancy in
 cat arm of the arena, relative to sum to cat and rabbit
 arms.T-syn
 Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q1r40
title: Data from: Paternity analyses in wild-caught and lab-reared Caribbean cricket females reveal the influence of mating environment on post-copulatory sexual selection

description: Polyandry is ubiquitous in insects and provides the conditions necessary
 for male- and female-driven forms of post-copulatory sexual selection to
 arise. Populations of Amphiacusta sanctaecrucis exhibit significant
 divergence in portions of the male genitalia that are inserted directly
 into the female reproductive tract, suggesting that males may exercise
 some post-copulatory control over fertilization success. We examine the
 potential for male-male and male-female post-copulatory interactions to
 influence paternity in wild-caught females of A. sanctaecrucis and
 contrast our findings with those obtained from females reared in a
 high-density laboratory environment. We find that female A. sanctaecrucis
 exercise control by mating multiple times (females mount males), but that
 male-male post-copulatory interactions may influence paternity success.
 Moreover, post-copulatory interactions that affect reproductive success of
 males are not independent of mating environment: clutches of wild-caught
 females exhibit higher sire diversity and lower paternity skew than
 clutches of lab-reared females. There was no strong evidence for last-male
 precedence in either case. Most attempts at disentangling the
 contributions of male-male and male-female interactions toward
 post-copulatory sexual selection have been undertaken in a laboratory
 setting and may not capture the full context in which they take place
 —such as the relationship between pre-mating and post-mating interactions.
 Our results reinforce the importance of designing studies that can capture
 the multifaceted nature of sexual selection for elucidating the role of
 post-copulatory sexual selection in driving the evolution of male and
 female reproductive traits, especially when different components (e.g.,
 pre-copulatory and post-copulatory interactions) do not exert independent
 effects on reproductive outcomes.
description: PaternityDryadFile is in the GENEPOP format. Data is microsatellite genotypes from one female, the last male to be mated with her, and up to 24 of her offspring. VGB = Virgin Gorda Baths; VGP = Virgin Gorda Peak; LAB = lab population sourced from Virgin Gorda Baths; LMMale=last mated male. Missing data is represented by "?".
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5q6s3
title: Data from: Replacing bold individuals has a smaller impact on group performance than replacing shy individuals

description: In many animal societies just one or few individuals, referred to as
 keystone individuals, can have a disproportionately large impact on
 collective outcomes. Despite ongoing interest in the consequences of
 losing a keystone individual on group performance, little is known about
 whether other individuals with an appropriate behavioral type can readily
 assume the keystone role. Here we examine if the identity of a keystone
 individual impacts its influence on the collective behavior of its group
 in a society of social spiders. We find that the repeated replacement of a
 keystone individual, which is typically a group’s boldest constituent, has
 little impact on the collective prey capture of the colony. However,
 repeatedly replacing a shy, generic, individual in the group reduces prey
 capture success. Groups in which the keystone individual is repeatedly
 replaced increase their overall boldness, thus potentially collectively
 substituting the bold behavioral type that they lost. Furthermore, newly
 replaced keystone individuals participate in a greater proportion of prey
 attacks than established keystone individuals in undisturbed colonies, as
 seen in prior work on colony social development, suggesting that the
 repeated replacement of a keystone individual maintains colonies in an
 early stage of social succession. By uncovering the mechanisms that
 underlie a group’s robustness to social perturbations, our work sheds
 light on how social dynamics dictate colony-level phenotypes in animal
 groups.
description: weight and
 preyLatency to attack prey
 and average weight gained in the experiment that links prey attack and
 weight gain in groups of adult spiders.boldness - Keystone
 identityBoldness and weight at
 the beginning and end of the experiment for all
 individuals.Prey trials - keystone
 identityLatency to attack prey
 and identity of individual attacking.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1cv6sf4
title: Data from: Past and present resource availability affect mating rate but not choice in Drosophila melanogaster

description: The choices of when, where, and with whom to mate represent some of the
 most important decisions an individual can make to increase their fitness.
 Several studies have shown that the resources available to an individual
 during development can dramatically alter their mating rate later in life,
 and even the choice of mate. However, an individual’s surroundings and
 available resources can change rapidly, and it is not clear how quickly
 the redistribution of resources towards reproduction can change. To
 address this important question, we measured mating rate and mate choice
 among Drosophila melanogaster males that were manipulated in terms of both
 past resources (control vs. starvation) and the resources available during
 mate choice (food vs. no food). We found that males given access to ample
 resources prior to mate choice showed higher mating rates than those that
 were starved, in agreement with previous studies. However, we also found
 that this effect can be reversed quickly, as starved males given the
 opportunity to mate in a high-quality environment mated at frequencies
 equivalent to their fed counterparts. While past and present resources
 affected mating rate, they did not affect mate choice, as males mated with
 high quality females at high frequencies regardless of their condition and
 environment. Our results show that both current condition as well as the
 promise of future resources can dramatically influence individuals’
 investment into reproduction, and that such mating decisions are extremely
 plastic and reliant on environmental cues.
description: MatedData on whether mating
 occurred at all within mating trials.MateChoiceData on whether males mated with attractive females, of mating trials in which mating occurred.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.js023
title: Data from: Human-induced biotic invasions and changes in plankton interaction networks

description: 1.Pervasive and accelerating changes to ecosystems due to human activities
 remain major sources of uncertainty in predicting the structure and
 dynamics of ecological communities. Understanding which biotic
 interactions within natural multitrophic communities are threatened or
 augmented by invasions of non-native species in the context of other
 environmental pressures is needed for effective management. 2.We used
 multivariate autoregressive models with detailed time-series data from
 largely freshwater and brackish regions of the upper San Francisco Estuary
 to assess the topology, direction and strength of trophic interactions
 following major invasions and establishment of non-native zooplankton in
 the early 1990s. We simultaneously compared the effects of fish and clam
 predation, environmental temperature, and salinity intrusion using
 time-series data from &gt; 60 monitoring locations and spanning more
 than three decades. 3.We found changes in the networks of biotic
 interactions in both regions after the major zooplankton invasions. Our
 results imply an increased pressure on native herbivores; intensified
 negative interactions between herbivores and omnivores; and stronger
 bottom-up influence of juvenile copepods but weaker influence of
 phytoplankton as a resource for higher trophic levels following the
 invasions. We identified salinity intrusion as a primary pressure but
 showed relatively stronger importance of biotic interactions for
 understanding the dynamics of entire communities. 4.Synthesis and
 applications. Our findings highlight the dynamic nature of biotic
 interactions and provide evidence of how simultaneous invasions of exotic
 species may alter interaction networks in diverse natural ecosystems over
 large spatial and temporal scales. Efforts to restore declining fish
 stocks may be in vain without fully considering the trophic dynamics that
 limit the flow of energy to target populations. Focusing on multitrophic
 interactions that may be threatened by invasions rather than a limited
 focus on responses of individual species or diversity is likely to yield
 more effective management strategies.
description: MAR
 Data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v475g
title: Data from: Integrating correlation between traits improves spatial predictions of plant functional composition

description: Functional trait composition is increasingly recognized as key to better
 understand and predict community responses to environmental gradients.
 Predictive approaches traditionally model the weighted mean trait values
 of communities (CWMs) as a function of environmental gradients. However,
 most approaches treat traits as independent regardless of known trade-offs
 between them, which could lead to spurious predictions. To address this
 issue, we suggest jointly modeling a suit of functional traits along
 environmental gradients while accounting for relationships between traits.
 We use generalized additive mixed effect models to predict the functional
 composition of alpine grasslands in the Guisane Valley (France). We
 demonstrate that, compared to traditional approaches, joint trait models
 explain considerable amounts of variation in CWMs, yield less uncertainty
 in trait CWM predictions and provide more realistic spatial projections
 when extrapolating to novel environmental conditions. Modeling traits and
 their co-variation jointly is an alternative and superior approach to
 predicting traits independently. Additionally, compared to a “predict
 first, assemble later” approach that estimates trait CWMs post hoc based
 on stacked species distribution models, our “assemble first, predict
 later” approach directly models trait-responses along environmental
 gradients, and does not require data and models on species’ distributions,
 but only mean functional trait values per community plot. This highlights
 the great potential of joint trait modeling approaches in large-scale
 mapping applications, such as spatial projections of the functional
 composition of vegetation and associated ecosystem services as a response
 to contemporary global change.
description: Trait-CWMs From Guisane
 Valley in the French AlpsThe file
 contains the necessary data to repeat the analyses
 presented in the article "Integrating correlation between traits
 improves spatial predictions of plant functional composition". The
 first column "plotID" contains an identifier for each plot. The
 following four columns list the centered values of community weighted
 means of the four analyzed traits, where "height" stands for
 vegetation height, "seedm" stands for seed mass,
 "ldmc" stands for leaf dry matter content, and "sla"
 stands for specific leaf area. The remaining four columns contain the
 environmental data that characterizes the plots, where "precip"
 stands for precipitation, "relh" stands for relative humidity,
 "mintemp" stands for minimal temperature, and "topo"
 stands for topography. Be aware that all data are centered and scaled such
 that each column's mean is zero, their standard deviation is
 one.data.txt