cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5880/fidgeo.2022.005
title: Electrical measurements of explosive volcanic eruptions from Stromboli Volcano, Italy

description: These data files contain short periods of electrical data recorded at Stromboli volcano, Italy, in 2019 and 2020 using a prototype version of the Biral Thunderstorm Detector BTD-200. This sensor consists of two antennas, the primary and secondary antenna, which detect slow variations in the electrostatic field resulting from charge neutralisation due to electrical discharges. The sensor recorded at three different locations: BTD1 (38.79551°N, 15.21518°E), BTD2 (38.80738°N, 15.21355°E) and BTD3 (38.79668°N, 15.21622°E). Electrical data of the following explosions is provided (each in a separate data file): - Three Strombolian explosions on 12 June 2019 at 12:46:53, 12:49:27 and 12:56:10 UTC, respectively. - A major explosion on 25 June 2019 at 23:03:08 UTC. - A major explosion on 19 July 2020 at 03:00:42 UTC. - A major explosion on 16 November 2020 at 09:17:45 UTC. - A paroxysmal event at 3 July 2019 at 14:45:43 UTC. Each filename indicates the location of the BTD, the starting date and time of the file in UTC, and a short description of the three data columns inside the file (unixtime, primary, secondary). The first column provides the Unix timestamp of each data point, which is the time in seconds since 01/01/1970. All time is provided in UTC. The second column provides the measured voltage [V] recorded by the primary antenna. The third column provides the measured voltage [V] recorded by the secondary antenna.
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2020.008
title: The gravimetric geoid of São Paulo State: GEOID-SP-2020-GGM250

description: The geoid model of São Paulo State was computed using the updated and filtered gravimetric data and the new system of the normal height of the 2018 Brazilian Vertical Reference Frame (BVRF). For the ocean area, gravity anomalies of the DTU13 model with a resolution of 1’ were used. To quantify the terrain effects through the Residual Terrain Model procedure, the SRTM15+ DTM was used. The computation of the quasi-geoid model was performed by numerical integration through the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The Molodensky gravity anomaly was determined in a 5’x5’ grid and reduced and restored using the Residual Terrain Model (RTM) technique and the XGM2019e global gravity model truncated at degree and order 250. The geoid model was derived from the Bouguer gravity anomalies. The zero-order degree term was added in the final computation. The validation for the quasi-geoid model based on 291 GPS measurements in the leveling network has shown 18 cm RMS difference. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2020.009
title: The gravimetric quasi-geoid of São Paulo State: QGEOID-SP-2020-GGM720

description: The quasi-geoid model of São Paulo State was computed using the updated and filtered gravimetric data and the new system of the normal height of the 2018 Brazilian Vertical Reference Frame (BVRF). For the ocean area, gravity anomalies of the DTU13 model with a resolution of 1’ were used. To quantify the terrain effects through the Residual Terrain Model procedure, the SRTM15+ DTM was used. The computation of the quasi-geoid model was performed by numerical integration through the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The Molodensky gravity anomaly was determined in a 5’x5’ grid and reduced and restored using the Residual Terrain Model (RTM) technique and the XGM2019e global gravity model truncated at degree and order 720. The zero-order degree term was added in the final computation. The validation for the quasi-geoid model based on 291 GPS measurements in the leveling network has shown 18 cm RMS difference. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2020.007
title: The gravimetric quasi-geoid of São Paulo State: QGEOID-SP-2020-GGM250

description: The quasi-geoid model of São Paulo State was computed using the updated and filtered gravimetric data and the new system of the normal height of the 2018 Brazilian Vertical Reference Frame (BVRF). For the ocean area, gravity anomalies of the DTU13 model with a resolution of 1’ were used. To quantify the terrain effects through the Residual Terrain Model procedure, the SRTM15+ DTM was used. The computation of the quasi-geoid model was performed by numerical integration through the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The Molodensky gravity anomaly was determined in a 5’x5’ grid and reduced and restored using the Residual Terrain Model (RTM) technique and the XGM2019e global gravity model truncated at degree and order 250. The zero-order degree term was added in the final computation. The validation for the quasi-geoid model based on 291 GPS measurements in the leveling network has shown 18 cm RMS difference. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2020.010
title: The gravimetric geoid of São Paulo State: GEOID-SP-2020-GGM720

description: The geoid model of São Paulo State was computed using the updated and filtered gravimetric data and the new system of the normal height of the 2018 Brazilian Vertical Reference Frame (BVRF). For the ocean area, gravity anomalies of the DTU13 model with a resolution of 1’ were used. To quantify the terrain effects through the Residual Terrain Model procedure, the SRTM15+ DTM was used. The computation of the quasi-geoid model was performed by numerical integration through the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The Molodensky gravity anomaly was determined in a 5’x5’ grid and reduced and restored using the Residual Terrain Model (RTM) technique and the XGM2019e global gravity model truncated at degree and order 720. The geoid model was derived from the Bouguer gravity anomalies. The zero-order degree term was added in the final computation. The validation for the quasi-geoid model based on 291 GPS measurements in the leveling network has shown 18 cm RMS difference. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2021.007
title: The geometric geoid of Macas City: GEOID-MACAS2021

description: The GEOID-MACAS2021 model for the urban area of the Macas City in Ecuadorian Amazon was computed with a non-conventional technique, such as Cokriging (Goovaerts, 1997), through the combination of GPS data/differential leveling and a densely sampled auxiliary variable. The GPS satellite positioning was performed using the Static Differential method through dual-frequency receivers in each point; regarding the level heights they were obtained by first-order differential leveling and the GPS leveling technique. A total of 17 geoid undulation data were used for the computation, while the geoid undulation from the EGM2008 model with a spatial resolution of 1 arc-min was proposed as an auxiliary variable for the interpolation (Odera & Fukuda, 2015). The ordinary Cokriging predictor was used for the study. In order to check the fit of the resulting geoid model, a cross-validation was carried out using the “leave one out” principle, obtained an RMSE of 5.3 cm. In addition, a validation was performed with external GPS/leveling data, reaching an accuracy of 2.1 cm RMSE. This model presents auspicious results for engineering applications, for obtaining level heights quickly and accurately. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/fidgeo.2021.045
title: Digital Image Correlation of evolving restraining bend experiments in wet kaolin

description: We document the evolution of two 15° strike-slip restraining bends within wet kaolin. Computer-controlled stepper motors displace one half of the split-box apparatus at a constant rate of 0.5 mm/min to induce dextral faulting in a 2.5 cm thick layer of wet kaolin. The basal plate discontinuity has a 15° bend with a 2 cm stepover distance. Prior to any loading we cut a vertical fault surface that follows the basal plate discontinuity into the wet kaolin with an electrified probe and wooden template.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.4.8.2022.001
title: Dissolved organic compounds in geothermal fluids used for energy production

description: This data was collected to write an extensive review on organic compounds in geothermal fluids as part of the REFLECT (Redefining geothermal fluid properties at extreme conditions to optimize future geothermal energy extraction). The data is mainly focussed on geothermal sites were organic compound data was reported in the literature. It includes data from the literature (Feldbusch, 2016; Vetter, 2012; Brehme et al., 2019; Westphal et al., 2019; Sanjuan et al., 2016) as well as own data that was analysed at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in section 3.2 (Organic Geochemistry). It comprises 130 samples from 19 different sites including DOC, organic acid anion as well as main inorganic anion concentrations, well depths, and reservoir temperatures of various geothermal sites in Europe. Due to confidentiality agreements Site names are all given in ID’s which are fully explained in the publication “Organic compounds in geothermal fluids – a review” when available. Sample ID’s are also given if the samples, both from the literature or own samples were measured at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement nº 850626 (REFLECT).
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2019.020
title: The CGS quasi-geoid based on FFT with degree-banded modification of the Stokes kernel for the Colorado Experiment: ColFFTDB-CGS2019

description: The ColFFTDB-CGS2019 gravimetric quasi-geoid model has been computed by the Canadian Geodetic Survey (CGS), Natural Resources Canada. It has been worked out in the frame of the International Association of Geodesy Joint Working Group 2.2.2 "The 1 cm geoid experiment" and the so called "Colorado experiment". The area covered by the model is 110°W ≤ longitude ≤ 102°W, 35°N ≤ latitude ≤ 40°N with a grid spacing of 1' in both latitude and in longitude. The solution is based on the Stokes-Helmert method, which is used with the degree-banded Stokes kernel modification (Huang and Véronneau, 2013). A band-wise spectral scheme is developed to combine the global model, airborne and surface gravity data, contributing to low-, medium- and high-degree bands of the geoid, respectively. In particular, the global gravity model provides entirely the low-degree band up to degree 150 from where it goes into transition with the surface gravity data up to degree 210. The surface gravity data complete the geoid frequencies up to degree 10800 with complement information from SRTM 3″ digital terrain model. As for the GRAV-D airborne gravity data, they provide corrective values directly to the geoid model, contributing between degrees 210 and 790 with smooth transition at each end. The geoid computation is performed by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) numerical integration and then the quasi-geoid model is obtained by adding a classic geoid to quasi-geoid correction grid. The accuracy of the quasi-geoid model, when compared against GSVS17 GPS/leveling, is equal to 1.8 cm. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/fidgeo.2022.018
title: Kontinuierliche synthetische Niederschläge für die Stadthydrologie in Deutschland - Validierungsdatensätze
title: Continuous synthetic precipitation for Germany for design in urban hydrology - data sets for validation

description: Es werden 5 Niederschlagsdatensätze bereitgestellt, die für die Validierung der stochastischen Niederschlagsmodelle genutzt wurden. Jeder Datensatz besteht aus Zeitreihen für 45 ausgewählte Messstellen in Deutschland. Die Lage der Messstellen ist in der Abbildung 5 der zugehörigen Publikation dargestellt. Die Messstellennummern und Koordinaten (UTM ETRS 89; EPSG: 25832) der Stationen können der beiliegenden Exceltabelle entnommen werden. Die Datensätze sind wie folgt kurz beschrieben: 1. "REF" -&gt; Referenz: beobachteter langjähriger Niederschlag am Ort (Zeitreihenlänge: 20 a) 2. "WAWI" -&gt; Synthetischer Niederschlag vom Modell der Leibniz Uni Hannover (Zeitreihenlänge: 300 a), 3. "LHG" -&gt; Synthetischer Niederschlag vom Modell der Uni Stuttgart (Zeitreihenlänge: 300 a), 4. "MIXED" -&gt; Synthetischer Niederschlag alternierend gemischt von beiden Modellen WAWI & LHG (Zeitreihenlänge: 300 a, 150 a Jahre von jedem Modell), 5. "PRA" -&gt; Praxis: beobachteter Niederschlag von der nächstgelegenen Beobachtungsstation des DWD (Zeitreihenlänge: 10 bis 20 a). Die Daten sind in Unterordnern mit der Messstellennummer jahresweise im MD-Format abgespeichert. Eine Formatbeschreibung ist beigelegt. Five precipitation data sets are provided, which have been used for validation of the precipitation models. Each data set contains time series for 45 selected stations in Germany. The location of the stations is shown in Fig. 5 of the associated paper. Station id's and coordinates are listed in the associated Excel table. The data sets are briefly described as follows: 1. "REF" -&gt; Reference: observed precipitation with long records (time series length 20yr), 2. "WAWI" -&gt; synthetic rainfall from the precipitation model of the Leibniz University Hannover (time series length 300 yr), 3. "LHG" -&gt; synthetic rainfall from the precipitation model of the University Stuttgart (time series length 300yr), 4. "MIXED" -&gt; synthetic rainfall alternating mixed from both precipitation models WAWI & LHG (time series length 300yr, 150yr from each model), 5. "PRA" -&gt; Practice: observed rainfall from the closest to the reference station located DWD station (time series length 10 to 20 yr). The data are stored in folders with station id's which contain for each year in one file in MD format. A format description is attached.
DOI: 10.5880/gfz.3.1.2021.005
title: Survey questions and responses to the G-Chron 2019 proficiency test

description: This data publication consists of two parts: (1) the questionnaire for round 1 of the G-Chron proficiency test as provided to the participating laboratories via the on-line data submission portal, and (2) the complete data set of submitted results. The results of the survey are published as Scientific Technical Report - Data (STR 21/06, Webb et al., 2020). The questionnaire is structured into distinct segments. The first “metadata segment” allowed each laboratory to report key parameters describing their analytical technique. This part was structured as five independent tracks based on laboratory technique: isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS), secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), laser ablation inductively coupled sector field mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS: SF), laser ablation inductively coupled quadrupole / time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS: Quad&ToF), and “other”. When reporting results a given laboratory was to select a single one of these options and then was provided a series of questions relevant to that specific method. The second segment of the questionnaire was provided to all laboratories for them to submit their determined age results. The on-line portal required submission of the determined age and uncertainty for both the 206Pb/238U and 207Pb/206Pb chronometers. Submission of results for the 208Pb/232Th chronometer was optional. Both the April 2020 report and the subsequent manuscript for publication are based on the table that forms the second part of this document. This contains both the reported age values and information about key aspects of each laboratory’s analytical method. In a small number of cases the input data were corrupted due to an apparent incompatibility between the data portal and the character set used by the submitting laboratory. Where the intent of the laboratory reporting was obvious these have been corrected. For two of the reporting laboratories there a software malfunction resulted in their submissions being classified as “other technique”. These data have now been reassigned to their correct technique categories, but the report has not been accordingly modified. All age values are in Ma. The software specified that uncertainty values should be reported as 1s or 1SE, depending on the nature of the value being addressed, though in a number of instances this instruction appears not to have been applied.
DOI: 10.5880/isg.2017.001
title: The Ghanaian gravimetric geoid: GGG2017

description: The Ghanaian Gravimetric Geoid 2017 (GGG2017) covers the area between 4°N to 12°N and 4°W to 2°E. It is referred to the WGS84 reference ellipsoid and was computed using Heck and Grüninger’s modification of Stokes’ kernel in the framework of a remove-compute-restore approach. EGM2008 was used up to degree and order 222 to calculate the long-wavelength component of the geoid. A total of 499 surface gravity (from the Ghana Geological Survey Authority) and 29,249 marine gravity (from the Bureau Gravimétrique International) data were used to compute the GGG2017 model. Its validation was based on 11 GPS/trigonometric measurements, leading to the choice of the optimal maximum degree of EGM2008 and resulting in an overall accuracy of 45.7 cm. This means that the GGG2017 model can be used to replace second-order class II levelling, with an expected error of 6.8 mm/km for baselines ranging from 20 to 225 km. The geoid model is provided in ISG format 2.0 (ISG Format Specifications), while the file in its original data format is available at the model ISG webpage.
description: The International Service for the Geoid (ISG) was founded in 1992 (as International Geoid Service - IGeS) and it is now an official service of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), under the umbrella of the International Gravity Field Service (IGFS). The main activities of ISG consist in collecting, analysing and redistributing local and regional geoid models, as well as organizing international schools on the geoid determination (Reguzzoni et al., 2021).
DOI: 10.5880/gfz_orbit/rso/l07_g_v01
title: GFZ SAC-C Rapid Science Orbits (version 1)

description: This dataset provides Rapid Science Orbits (RSO) from the Low Earth Orbiter (LEO) satellite SAC-C. It is part of the compilation of GFZ RSO products for various LEO missions and the appropriate GNSS constellation in sp3 format. The individual solutions for each satellite mission are published with individual DOI as part of the compilation (Schreiner et al., 2022). • The SAC-C RSO cover the period from 2000 202 to 2010 247 The LEO RSOs in version 1 are generated based on the 24-hour GPS RSOs in two pieces for the actual day with arc lengths of 14 hours and overlaps of 2 hours. One starting at 22:00 and ending at 12:00, one starting at 10:00 and ending at 24:00. For day overlapping arcs two 24h GNSS constellations are concatenated. The accuracy of the LEO RSOs is at the level of 1-2 cm in terms of SLR validation. Each solution in version 1 is given in the Conventional Terrestrial Reference System (CTS) based on the IERS 2003 conventions and related to the ITRF-2008 reference frame. The exact time covered by an arc is defined in the header of the files and indicated as well as in the filename.
description: Orbital products describe positions and velocities of satellites, be it the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites or Low Earth Orbiter (LEO) satellites. These orbital products can be divided into the fastest available ones, the Near Realtime Orbits (NRT), which are mostly available within 15 to 60 minutes delay, followed by Rapid Science Orbit (RSO) products with a latency of two days and finally the Precise Science Orbit (PSO) which, with a latency of up to a few weeks, are the most delayed. The absolute positional accuracy increases with the time delay.