cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/dl.m5ucus
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 12 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"within","geometry":"POLYGON ((88.8265 25.604751, 88.748638 25.599174, 88.672714 25.582581, 88.600617 25.555385, 88.534137 25.518264, 88.47492 25.472138, 88.42442800000001 25.418154, 88.3839 25.357651, 88.35432400000001 25.292125, 88.336414 25.223198, 88.33059 25.15257, 88.336977 25.081982, 88.355396 25.013171, 88.38537599999999 24.947826, 88.426163 24.887549, 88.476744 24.833818, 88.535872 24.787945, 88.602093 24.751051, 88.67378600000001 24.724036, 88.749202 24.707559, 88.8265 24.702022, 88.90379799999999 24.707559, 88.979214 24.724036, 89.050907 24.751051, 89.11712799999999 24.787945, 89.176256 24.833818, 89.226837 24.887549, 89.267624 24.947826, 89.29760400000001 25.013171, 89.316023 25.081982, 89.32241 25.15257, 89.316586 25.223198, 89.298676 25.292125, 89.26909999999999 25.357651, 89.228572 25.418154, 89.17807999999999 25.472138, 89.118863 25.518264, 89.05238300000001 25.555385, 88.98028600000001 25.582581, 88.90436200000001 25.599174, 88.8265 25.604751))"},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 12 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081640-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5066/p13opbak
title: Northern mockingbird ileal virome variation in Texas (ver. 2.0, January 2026)

description: A few studies have focused on avian gut virome variation in response to environmental stressors, but none have assessed virome in relation to chemically intensive crops, the production of which effects various aspects of avian health and fitness, and deleteriously alters available food resources. In this study we used shotgun metatranscriptomics (2 x 150bp; Illumina HiSeq 4000 with median 64,008,420 bidirectional sequences/sample) to assess whether exposure to agriculture (specifically cotton production) had a detrimental effect on the ileum virome of sedentary northern mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos) sampled from two cotton-producing areas (16 birds) and one uncultivated area (7 birds) in Texas, USA. We recovered 43 viruses, 41 of which were assigned to 14 families and two to unclassified Riboviria. The majority of viruses (36 of 43) represented families associated with arthropods, plants, or fungi. Two of the remaining six viruses are host-associated and another one is associated with Avian Haemosporidia. The last three viruses are of unknown association. Individual sample richness varied from 25 to 33 strains. Virome richness differed among localities (Adj. r2 = 0.247, F(2, 20) = 4.615, P = 0.022) and was related to the proportion of cultivated area in the sampling region. Virome composition differed among localities (r2 = 0.370, F(2, 20) = 5.883, P = 0.001) and was affected by both the proportion of cultivated area (Spearman rho = 0.184, n permutations = 9999, P = 0.013) and even stronger by pesticide profiles (Spearman rho = 0.522, n permutations = 9999, P < 0.001).
DOI: 10.5683/sp3/wzvzbv
title: Code and data for the calculation of plume rise
title: Briggs parameterization used at Syncrude Mildred Lake facility main stack

description: This repository consists of code extracted from the Global Environmental Multi-scale Modelling Air quality and Chemistry (GEM-MACH) which uses the Briggs parameterization to estimate plume rise and data used to drive this parameterization to calculate plume rise at the main stack of the Syncrude Mildred Lake facility. These calculations are in support of Axelrod et al. (currently under review for the journal Geoscientific Model Development, GMD). The parameterization is driven by meteorological data (air temperature, wind speed, boundary-layer height) and stack emissions data (effluent temperature and volumetric flow rate), which are provided by the Wood Buffalo Environmental Association (WBEA) Buffalo Viewpoint station and Continuous Emissions Monitoring (CEMS) provided by the Alberta Government. The data spans Nov 2018 to Nov 2020, coincident with plume images described in Axelrod et al. (under review).
description: Igor (Wavemetrics), 7.0.8.1
description: GEM-MACH, 2.1
description: A copy of this dataset is deposited in Zenodo and can be accessed at https://zenodo.org/records/18087309.
description: Added the link to the Zenodo copy of this dataset to the "Other Identifier" and "Notes" fields in the Metadata.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18184954
title: Dataset for "Hydrogen-rich water as a performance enhancing aid in national-level finswimmers: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study"

description: Brief summary

The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial is to evaluate the effect of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) consumption on performance, psychological and biochemical outcomes in national-level monofin swimmers.

Participants

Twelve national-level monofin swimmers (eight females and four males) participated in this trial. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Physical Culture at Palacký University Olomouc (reference 11/2023) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants provided written informed consent.

Experimental protocol

The protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05799911). All participants participated in two testing session and receive HRW and placebo in random order. Each testing session included two training sessions in a 25-m indoor swimming pool and a 24-hour monitored recovery. The morning session took place between 9 and 11 AM and included three high-intensity interval sets, each consisting of 4 × 50 m sprints. The afternoon session took place between 5 and 6 PM and included a continuous 400-m time trial swim. The washout period between testing sessions was 7 days.

HRW and placebo administration

The Aquastamina-R HRW with molecular hydrogen concentration 0.9 ppm and Aquastamina-Placebo water (Nutristamina, Ostrava, Czech Republic) were contained within a 420 ml plastic aluminum package. Participants took HRW or placebo three days before (3 packages per day) and during testing day (6 packages), 15 packages in total.

Measured variables



Anthropometric measurements were determined using a SOEHNLE 7307 scale (Leifheit, Nassau, Germany) and a BC-418 MA bioimpedance device (Tanita, Tokyo, Japan).

Swimming times were measured using handheld stopwatches (Casio HS-80TW-1EF, Casio Computer Co., Tokyo, Japan) in accordance with the rules of competitive finswimming. 50-m sprint time was recorded by three timekeepers and 400-m swim time was recorded by two timekeepers.

Blood lactate concentration was determined from a capillary sample using a Lactate Scout+ Analyzer (EKF Diagnostics, Cardiff, United Kingdom).

The perceived exertion was recorded using the Borg scale ranging from 1 (no exertion at all) to 10 (maximum exertion) immediately after completing the given swimming interval.

The oxidative stress level was assessed based on the protein carbonyl content in plasma. Venous blood was collected from a forearm vein by a healthcare specialist, taken into heparinized vacuum tubes, and centrifuged at 2000 g for 10 min. The protein carbonyl content was measured using the assay kit MAK094 (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Absorbance was measured at 375 nm using an Infinite 200 Pro microplate reader (Tecan, Grödig, Austria). The total protein content in the samples was determined using the bicinchoninic acid method (Serva Electrophoresis, Heidelberg, Germany).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18184953
title: Dataset for "Hydrogen-rich water as a performance enhancing aid in national-level finswimmers: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study"

description: Brief summary

The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial is to evaluate the effect of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) consumption on performance, psychological and biochemical outcomes in national-level monofin swimmers.

Participants

Twelve national-level monofin swimmers (eight females and four males) participated in this trial. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Physical Culture at Palacký University Olomouc (reference 11/2023) in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants provided written informed consent.

Experimental protocol

The protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05799911). All participants participated in two testing session and receive HRW and placebo in random order. Each testing session included two training sessions in a 25-m indoor swimming pool and a 24-hour monitored recovery. The morning session took place between 9 and 11 AM and included three high-intensity interval sets, each consisting of 4 × 50 m sprints. The afternoon session took place between 5 and 6 PM and included a continuous 400-m time trial swim. The washout period between testing sessions was 7 days.

HRW and placebo administration

The Aquastamina-R HRW with molecular hydrogen concentration 0.9 ppm and Aquastamina-Placebo water (Nutristamina, Ostrava, Czech Republic) were contained within a 420 ml plastic aluminum package. Participants took HRW or placebo three days before (3 packages per day) and during testing day (6 packages), 15 packages in total.

Measured variables



Anthropometric measurements were determined using a SOEHNLE 7307 scale (Leifheit, Nassau, Germany) and a BC-418 MA bioimpedance device (Tanita, Tokyo, Japan).

Swimming times were measured using handheld stopwatches (Casio HS-80TW-1EF, Casio Computer Co., Tokyo, Japan) in accordance with the rules of competitive finswimming. 50-m sprint time was recorded by three timekeepers and 400-m swim time was recorded by two timekeepers.

Blood lactate concentration was determined from a capillary sample using a Lactate Scout+ Analyzer (EKF Diagnostics, Cardiff, United Kingdom).

The perceived exertion was recorded using the Borg scale ranging from 1 (no exertion at all) to 10 (maximum exertion) immediately after completing the given swimming interval.

The oxidative stress level was assessed based on the protein carbonyl content in plasma. Venous blood was collected from a forearm vein by a healthcare specialist, taken into heparinized vacuum tubes, and centrifuged at 2000 g for 10 min. The protein carbonyl content was measured using the assay kit MAK094 (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Absorbance was measured at 375 nm using an Infinite 200 Pro microplate reader (Tecan, Grödig, Austria). The total protein content in the samples was determined using the bicinchoninic acid method (Serva Electrophoresis, Heidelberg, Germany).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wvqxha
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2661 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Gastrotheca riobambae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2661 records from 13 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081642-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.17179/excli2025-9090_supplementary_information
title: Neurotoxicity of mancozeb-based commercial fungicide in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells

description: Mancozeb, a polymeric dithiocarbamate complex fungicide with zinc and manganese salts, has the potential to be neurotoxic to humans. Unfortunately, the parent molecule maneb has attracted far too much attention, limiting the available evidence on mancozeb neurotoxicity to preclinical research and non-human cells. We sought to evaluate mancozeb cytotoxicity in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells at lower concentrations than those used for maneb in in vitro investigations in order to quantify its risk for humans. Commercial mancozeb showed concentration- and time-dependent neurotoxicity in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction test (EC50= 5.9 µM and 1.7 µM at 24 h and 72 h respectively). Using the trypan blue exclusion dye, cell death toll reached around 100% after 24- and 72-hour exposure to mancozeb 1 µM and 0.5 µM respectively. Reactive oxygen species generated by mancozeb, which peaked at 4 µM, could be the cause of cell death. The number and length of neurites were concentration-dependently reduced by mancozeb at sub-µM concentrations, and this was accompanied by changes in cell biomechanical characteristics (stiffness) as determined by atomic force microscopy. The uncertainty factor obtained from our cytotoxic studies, when performing risk assessment of mancozeb, varied from 200 to 2000, which may result in detectable neurotoxicity in humans in accordance with international regulatory agencies recommendations.
description: EXCLI Journal; 25:Doc133; ISSN 1611-2156
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nhytz8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"within","geometry":"POLYGON ((89.5562 25.689746, 89.478283 25.684168, 89.402305 25.667576, 89.330157 25.64038, 89.26363000000001 25.603258, 89.20437200000001 25.557133, 89.153845 25.503149, 89.11329000000001 25.442646, 89.08369399999999 25.37712, 89.065772 25.308194, 89.059946 25.237567, 89.066339 25.16698, 89.084771 25.098169, 89.114772 25.032825, 89.15558799999999 24.97255, 89.206205 24.91882, 89.265373 24.872948, 89.33163999999999 24.836054, 89.40338199999999 24.80904, 89.478849 24.792564, 89.5562 24.787027, 89.633551 24.792564, 89.709018 24.80904, 89.78076 24.836054, 89.847027 24.872948, 89.906195 24.91882, 89.956812 24.97255, 89.99762800000001 25.032825, 90.027629 25.098169, 90.04606099999999 25.16698, 90.052454 25.237567, 90.046628 25.308194, 90.028706 25.37712, 89.99911 25.442646, 89.958555 25.503149, 89.908028 25.557133, 89.84877 25.603258, 89.78224299999999 25.64038, 89.710095 25.667576, 89.634117 25.684168, 89.5562 25.689746))"},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081644-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vz2pf5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1039787 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Country is one of (France, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Arachnida",
 "Year 2020-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1039787 records from 1339 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081592-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31028410.v1
title: Recombination landscape shaped by inversion polymorphisms – a high-density linkage map and chromosome level assembly of inversion-rich spruce bark beetle genome

description: File Info:<b>Agp files</b> provide information on which contigs belong to which chromosomes (LGs)<b>Nanopore_inferred_inversions.onlyPASS.vcf </b>- a vcf with inferred inversions<b>Pipline_for_ms.sh </b>- LEPmap pipline
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31028410
title: Recombination landscape shaped by inversion polymorphisms – a high-density linkage map and chromosome level assembly of inversion-rich spruce bark beetle genome

description: File Info:<b>Agp files</b> provide information on which contigs belong to which chromosomes (LGs)<b>Nanopore_inferred_inversions.onlyPASS.vcf </b>- a vcf with inferred inversions<b>Pipline_for_ms.sh </b>- LEPmap pipline
DOI: 10.15468/dl.e3s5ah
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 10595 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Spheniscus mendiculus"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 10595 records from 42 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081645-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pxcshf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2661 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Gastrotheca riobambae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2661 records from 13 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081646-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5258/soton/d3761
title: Dataset for Ultra-precision diamond grinding of vapour cells in silicon for quantum technology

description: Dataset supporting the publication: "Ultra-precision diamond grinding of vapour cells in silicon for quantum technology".
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ac4m6c
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 686 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is Citizen observations of reindeer",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-20.32143 62.32656,-11.24781 62.32656,-11.24781 65.95446,-20.32143 65.95446,-20.32143 62.32656))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 686 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081647-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nbhsvv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"within","geometry":"POLYGON ((89.53870000000001 25.715444, 89.46076600000001 25.709867, 89.384772 25.693274, 89.31260899999999 25.666078, 89.24606799999999 25.628957, 89.186797 25.582831, 89.13625999999999 25.528848, 89.095696 25.468344, 89.06609400000001 25.402819, 89.048169 25.333892, 89.042342 25.263266, 89.04873600000001 25.192679, 89.067173 25.123869, 89.09717999999999 25.058525, 89.13800500000001 24.998251, 89.188633 24.94452, 89.24781299999999 24.898649, 89.314094 24.861756, 89.385851 24.834742, 89.461333 24.818265, 89.53870000000001 24.812728, 89.616067 24.818265, 89.69154899999999 24.834742, 89.763306 24.861756, 89.829587 24.898649, 89.888767 24.94452, 89.939395 24.998251, 89.98022 25.058525, 90.010227 25.123869, 90.02866400000001 25.192679, 90.03505800000001 25.263266, 90.029231 25.333892, 90.011306 25.402819, 89.98170399999999 25.468344, 89.94114 25.528848, 89.890603 25.582831, 89.831332 25.628957, 89.764791 25.666078, 89.692628 25.693274, 89.616634 25.709867, 89.53870000000001 25.715444))"},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081648-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7aw43c
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"within","geometry":"POLYGON ((89.54235 25.78059, 89.46437299999999 25.775013, 89.388338 25.75842, 89.316136 25.731224, 89.249559 25.694103, 89.19025600000001 25.647977, 89.139692 25.593994, 89.099107 25.53349, 89.06949 25.467966, 89.05155600000001 25.399039, 89.045726 25.328413, 89.052125 25.257827, 89.070572 25.189018, 89.10059699999999 25.123675, 89.141443 25.063401, 89.192098 25.009672, 89.25131 24.963801, 89.317626 24.926909, 89.389421 24.899895, 89.46494300000001 24.883419, 89.54235 24.877882, 89.61975700000001 24.883419, 89.695279 24.899895, 89.76707399999999 24.926909, 89.83338999999999 24.963801, 89.892602 25.009672, 89.943257 25.063401, 89.984103 25.123675, 90.014128 25.189018, 90.03257499999999 25.257827, 90.038974 25.328413, 90.03314399999999 25.399039, 90.01521 25.467966, 89.98559299999999 25.53349, 89.945008 25.593994, 89.89444399999999 25.647977, 89.83514099999999 25.694103, 89.768564 25.731224, 89.69636199999999 25.75842, 89.620327 25.775013, 89.54235 25.78059))"},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081650-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.39fz3b
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 25505 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Bermuda",
 "DatasetKey is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Scolopacidae",
 "Year 2002-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 25505 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081652-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hrgke7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4543 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Bhutan",
 "DatasetKey is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Scolopacidae",
 "Year 2002-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4543 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081653-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.tzvfzc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 14994 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Bolivia (Plurinational State of)",
 "DatasetKey is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Scolopacidae",
 "Year 2002-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 14994 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0081655-251120083545085/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.