cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277968
title: Association between Statin Therapy and Lower Incidence of Hyperglycemia in Patients Hospitalized with Acute Coronary Syndromes

description: Abstract Background Increased risk of new-onset diabetes with statins challenges the long-term safety of this drug class. However, few reports have analyzed this issue during acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Objective To explore the association between early initiation of statin therapy and blood glucose levels in patients admitted with ACS. Methods This was a retrospective analysis of patients hospitalized with ACS. Statin-naïve patients were included and divided according to their use or not of statins within the first 24 hours of hospitalization. The primary endpoint was incidence of in-hospital hyperglycemia (defined as peak blood glucose &gt; 200 mg/dL). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to adjust for confounders, and a propensity-score matching model was developed to further compare both groups of interest. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 2,357 patients were included, 1,704 of them allocated in the statin group and 653 in the non-statin group. After adjustments, statin use in the first 24 hours was associated with a lower incidence of in-hospital hyperglycemia (adjusted OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.46-0.80; p &lt; 0.001) and lower need for insulin therapy (adjusted OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.41-0.76; p &lt; 0.001). These associations remained similar in the propensity-score matching models, as well as after several sensitivity analyses, such as after excluding patients who developed cardiogenic shock, severe infection or who died during index-hospitalization. Conclusions Among statin-naïve patients admitted with ACS, early statin therapy was independently associated with lower incidence of in-hospital hyperglycemia. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):285-294)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277971
title: Effects of Doxorubicin on Heme Biosynthesis and Metabolism in Cardiomyocyte

description: Abstract Background Doxorubicin is associated with cardiotoxicity and late cardiac morbidity. Heme is related to cellular oxidative stress. However, its specific regulation in cardiomyocytes under doxorubicin effects has not yet been documented. Objective This study seeks to evaluate the changing profiles of rate-limiting enzymes in the heme metabolism pathway under the effect of doxorubicin. Methods H9c2 cardiomyocytes were incubated with doxorubicin at different concentrations (1,2,5,10μM respectively). The real-time PCR and Western Blot were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression for four pivotal enzymes (ALAS1, ALAS2, HOX-1, and HOX-2) regulating cellular heme metabolism, as well as the levels of heme were detected by ELISA. p&lt;0.01 was considered significant. Results This study observed a dose-dependent changing pattern in heme levels in H9c2 cells with the highest level at the 5μM concentration for doxorubicin, which occurred synchronously with the highest upregulation level of ALAS1, as well as the degradative enzymes, HOX-1, and HOX-2 in mRNA and protein expression. By contrast, ALAS2, contrary to the increasing concentrations of doxorubicin, was found to be progressively down-regulated. Conclusion The increase in ALAS1 expression may play a potential role in the heme level elevation when H9c2 cardiomyocyte was exposed to doxorubicin and may be a potential therapeutic target for doxorubicin-induced myocardial toxicity. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):315-322)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277971.v1
title: Effects of Doxorubicin on Heme Biosynthesis and Metabolism in Cardiomyocyte

description: Abstract Background Doxorubicin is associated with cardiotoxicity and late cardiac morbidity. Heme is related to cellular oxidative stress. However, its specific regulation in cardiomyocytes under doxorubicin effects has not yet been documented. Objective This study seeks to evaluate the changing profiles of rate-limiting enzymes in the heme metabolism pathway under the effect of doxorubicin. Methods H9c2 cardiomyocytes were incubated with doxorubicin at different concentrations (1,2,5,10μM respectively). The real-time PCR and Western Blot were used to determine the mRNA and protein expression for four pivotal enzymes (ALAS1, ALAS2, HOX-1, and HOX-2) regulating cellular heme metabolism, as well as the levels of heme were detected by ELISA. p&lt;0.01 was considered significant. Results This study observed a dose-dependent changing pattern in heme levels in H9c2 cells with the highest level at the 5μM concentration for doxorubicin, which occurred synchronously with the highest upregulation level of ALAS1, as well as the degradative enzymes, HOX-1, and HOX-2 in mRNA and protein expression. By contrast, ALAS2, contrary to the increasing concentrations of doxorubicin, was found to be progressively down-regulated. Conclusion The increase in ALAS1 expression may play a potential role in the heme level elevation when H9c2 cardiomyocyte was exposed to doxorubicin and may be a potential therapeutic target for doxorubicin-induced myocardial toxicity. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):315-322)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277990
title: Kawasaki Disease: Predictors of Resistance to Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Cardiac Complications

description: Abstract Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired cardiac disease in children, in developed countries. Objectives To identify predictive factors for resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), calculate the effectiveness of Japanese predictive models and characterize cardiac complications. Methods Retrospective analysis of KD cases admitted in a Portuguese paediatric hospital between january 2006 and july 2018. ROC curves were used to determine predictive factors for resistance and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predictive model. A significance level of 5% was used. Results 48 patients with a median age of 36 months were included. The IVIG resistance was 21%. Echocardiographic anomalies were noted in 46%, with coronary involvement in 25% of the sample population. As predictive variable of resistance, the C-reactive protein (CRP) presented an AUC ROC = 0.789, optimal cut-off value 15.1 mg/dL, sensitivity (Sn) 77.8% and specificity (Sp) 78.9%. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) presented an AUC ROC = 0.781, optimal cut-off value 90.5 mm/h, Sn 66.7% and Sp 85.7%. The model with the two variables showed p = 0.042 and AUC ROC = 0.790. Predictive strength of Japanese models were: Kobayashi (Sn 63.6%, Sp 77.3%), Egami (Sn 66.7%, Sp 73.1%), Sano (Sn 28.6%, Sp 94.1%). Conclusion CRP and ESR are independent variables that were related to IVIG resistance, with optimal cut-off points of 15.1 mg/dL and 90.5 mm/h, respectively. About half of the patients had some form of cardiac involvement. The Japanese models appeared to be inadequate in our population. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277990.v1
title: Kawasaki Disease: Predictors of Resistance to Intravenous Immunoglobulin and Cardiac Complications

description: Abstract Background Kawasaki disease (KD) is the leading cause of acquired cardiac disease in children, in developed countries. Objectives To identify predictive factors for resistance to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), calculate the effectiveness of Japanese predictive models and characterize cardiac complications. Methods Retrospective analysis of KD cases admitted in a Portuguese paediatric hospital between january 2006 and july 2018. ROC curves were used to determine predictive factors for resistance and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to develop the predictive model. A significance level of 5% was used. Results 48 patients with a median age of 36 months were included. The IVIG resistance was 21%. Echocardiographic anomalies were noted in 46%, with coronary involvement in 25% of the sample population. As predictive variable of resistance, the C-reactive protein (CRP) presented an AUC ROC = 0.789, optimal cut-off value 15.1 mg/dL, sensitivity (Sn) 77.8% and specificity (Sp) 78.9%. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) presented an AUC ROC = 0.781, optimal cut-off value 90.5 mm/h, Sn 66.7% and Sp 85.7%. The model with the two variables showed p = 0.042 and AUC ROC = 0.790. Predictive strength of Japanese models were: Kobayashi (Sn 63.6%, Sp 77.3%), Egami (Sn 66.7%, Sp 73.1%), Sano (Sn 28.6%, Sp 94.1%). Conclusion CRP and ESR are independent variables that were related to IVIG resistance, with optimal cut-off points of 15.1 mg/dL and 90.5 mm/h, respectively. About half of the patients had some form of cardiac involvement. The Japanese models appeared to be inadequate in our population. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277994
title: Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Has a Strong Relationship with Mean Platelet Volume Reduction

description: Abstract Background Mean platelet volume (MPV), which is a simple measure of platelet activation, has recently become an interesting topic in cardiovascular research. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a comprehensive intervention that decreases mortality-morbidity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Studies on the effects of exercise on platelet activation have yielded conflicting results. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an exercise-based CR programs on MPV in patients with stable CAD. Methods The sample was composed of 300 consecutive stable CAD patients. The patients were divided into two groups: CR group (n = 97) and non-CR group (n = 203). Blood analysis was performed. Point-Biserial correlation measures were performed to show correlation between MPV change and CR. A p value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The decrease in MPV was greater in the CR group than in the non-CR group [(-1.10(-1.40-(-0.90)) vs. (-0.10 (-2.00-0.00)); p&lt; 0.001]. ΔMPV had a positive correlation with Δ neutrophil (r = 0.326, p &lt; 0.001), ΔTG (r = 0.439, p &lt; 0.001), ΔLDL-c (r = 0.478, p &lt; 0.001), ΔWBC (r = 0.412, p &lt; 0.001), and ΔCRP (r = 0.572, p &lt; 0.001). A significant correlation was found between ΔMPV% and CR (r=0.750, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions We were able to show that exercise-based CR has a strong relationship with MPV reduction in patients with CAD. We consider that decreased platelet activation with exercise-based CR might play an important role in reducing thrombotic risk in patients with stable CAD. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277994.v1
title: Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Has a Strong Relationship with Mean Platelet Volume Reduction

description: Abstract Background Mean platelet volume (MPV), which is a simple measure of platelet activation, has recently become an interesting topic in cardiovascular research. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a comprehensive intervention that decreases mortality-morbidity in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Studies on the effects of exercise on platelet activation have yielded conflicting results. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an exercise-based CR programs on MPV in patients with stable CAD. Methods The sample was composed of 300 consecutive stable CAD patients. The patients were divided into two groups: CR group (n = 97) and non-CR group (n = 203). Blood analysis was performed. Point-Biserial correlation measures were performed to show correlation between MPV change and CR. A p value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The decrease in MPV was greater in the CR group than in the non-CR group [(-1.10(-1.40-(-0.90)) vs. (-0.10 (-2.00-0.00)); p&lt; 0.001]. ΔMPV had a positive correlation with Δ neutrophil (r = 0.326, p &lt; 0.001), ΔTG (r = 0.439, p &lt; 0.001), ΔLDL-c (r = 0.478, p &lt; 0.001), ΔWBC (r = 0.412, p &lt; 0.001), and ΔCRP (r = 0.572, p &lt; 0.001). A significant correlation was found between ΔMPV% and CR (r=0.750, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions We were able to show that exercise-based CR has a strong relationship with MPV reduction in patients with CAD. We consider that decreased platelet activation with exercise-based CR might play an important role in reducing thrombotic risk in patients with stable CAD. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277996
title: Gensini Score and Thrombus Burden Add Predictive Value to the SYNTAX Score in Detecting No-Reflow after Myocardial Infarction

description: Abstract Background No-reflow after percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with poor prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). SYNTAX score is a good predictor of no-reflow. Objective We aimed to evaluate whether atherosclerotic burden (Gensini score) and thrombus burden in the culprit coronary artery would improve the ability of the SYNTAX score to detect no-reflow. Methods In this prospective cohort study, consecutive patients with STEMI who presented within 12 h of onset of symptoms were selected for this study. No-reflow was defined as TIMI flow &lt; 3 o r TIMI flow = 3 but myocardial blush grade &lt;2. Thrombus burden was quantified according to the TIMI thrombus grade scale (0 to 5). Results A total of 481 patients were included (mean age 61±11 years). No-reflow occurred in 32.8%. SYNTAX score (OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.08, p&lt;0.01), thrombus burden (OR=1.17, 95%CI 1.06–1.31, p&lt;0.01), and Gensini score (OR=1.37, 95%CI 1.13–1.65, p&lt;0.01) were independent predictors of no-reflow. Combined scores had a larger area under the curve than the SYNTAX score alone (0.78 [0.73–0.82] vs 0.73 [0.68–0.78], p=0.03). Analyses of both categorical (0.11 [0.01–0.22], p=0.02), and continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI&gt;0) (0.54 [0.035–0.73], p&lt;0.001) showed improvement in the predictive ability of no-reflow in the combined model, with integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) of 0.07 (0.04–0.09, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that, in patients with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, atherosclerotic burden and thrombus burden in the culprit artery add predictive value to the SYNTAX score in detecting the no-reflow phenomenon. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14277996.v1
title: Gensini Score and Thrombus Burden Add Predictive Value to the SYNTAX Score in Detecting No-Reflow after Myocardial Infarction

description: Abstract Background No-reflow after percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with poor prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). SYNTAX score is a good predictor of no-reflow. Objective We aimed to evaluate whether atherosclerotic burden (Gensini score) and thrombus burden in the culprit coronary artery would improve the ability of the SYNTAX score to detect no-reflow. Methods In this prospective cohort study, consecutive patients with STEMI who presented within 12 h of onset of symptoms were selected for this study. No-reflow was defined as TIMI flow &lt; 3 o r TIMI flow = 3 but myocardial blush grade &lt;2. Thrombus burden was quantified according to the TIMI thrombus grade scale (0 to 5). Results A total of 481 patients were included (mean age 61±11 years). No-reflow occurred in 32.8%. SYNTAX score (OR=1.05, 95%CI 1.01–1.08, p&lt;0.01), thrombus burden (OR=1.17, 95%CI 1.06–1.31, p&lt;0.01), and Gensini score (OR=1.37, 95%CI 1.13–1.65, p&lt;0.01) were independent predictors of no-reflow. Combined scores had a larger area under the curve than the SYNTAX score alone (0.78 [0.73–0.82] vs 0.73 [0.68–0.78], p=0.03). Analyses of both categorical (0.11 [0.01–0.22], p=0.02), and continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI&gt;0) (0.54 [0.035–0.73], p&lt;0.001) showed improvement in the predictive ability of no-reflow in the combined model, with integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) of 0.07 (0.04–0.09, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions Our findings suggest that, in patients with STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, atherosclerotic burden and thrombus burden in the culprit artery add predictive value to the SYNTAX score in detecting the no-reflow phenomenon. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278000
title: Cardiovascular Risk Misperception and Low Awareness of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Individuals with Severe Hypercholesterolemia

description: Abstract Background Individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia are at a high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Many of them have familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Objectives To assess from a patient perspective the degree of awareness about severe hypercholesterolemia, especially FH, ASCVD risk perception, cascade screening performance, and treatment of individuals participating in a routine health evaluation program. Methods From a database of 70,000 Brazilian individuals evaluated between 2006 and 2016, 1,987 (2.8%) met the inclusion criteria (age ≥ 18 years and LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL or ≥ 160 mg/dL, respectively, if not in use of statins or on statin therapy). Two-hundred individuals were randomly invited to complete an extensive questionnaire. FH was diagnosed if suspected by the attending physician. Results Although 97% of the sample (age 48±9 years; 16% women; 95% college/university education; 88% primary prevention; LDL-C 209±47 mg/dL) had severe hypercholesterolemia, only 18% and 29.5% believed to be at high ASCVD risk and reported knowledge of their recommended LDL-C goal, respectively. Fifty-eight percent reported being informed that high cholesterol could be a family disease, 24.5% (n = 49) had ever heard about FH, and merely 14% (n = 29) had been previously identified as suspected of having FH (age at FH diagnosis 35±12 years; 79% and 31% diagnosed, respectively, &gt; 30 and &gt; 40 years old). Only 2.5% underwent genetic tests, 17% underwent cascade screening, and 17% were not in use of pharmacological treatment. Conclusions An important gap in risk perception, cholesterol management, and aspects related to FH was encountered in individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278000.v1
title: Cardiovascular Risk Misperception and Low Awareness of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Individuals with Severe Hypercholesterolemia

description: Abstract Background Individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia are at a high risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Many of them have familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Objectives To assess from a patient perspective the degree of awareness about severe hypercholesterolemia, especially FH, ASCVD risk perception, cascade screening performance, and treatment of individuals participating in a routine health evaluation program. Methods From a database of 70,000 Brazilian individuals evaluated between 2006 and 2016, 1,987 (2.8%) met the inclusion criteria (age ≥ 18 years and LDL-C ≥ 190 mg/dL or ≥ 160 mg/dL, respectively, if not in use of statins or on statin therapy). Two-hundred individuals were randomly invited to complete an extensive questionnaire. FH was diagnosed if suspected by the attending physician. Results Although 97% of the sample (age 48±9 years; 16% women; 95% college/university education; 88% primary prevention; LDL-C 209±47 mg/dL) had severe hypercholesterolemia, only 18% and 29.5% believed to be at high ASCVD risk and reported knowledge of their recommended LDL-C goal, respectively. Fifty-eight percent reported being informed that high cholesterol could be a family disease, 24.5% (n = 49) had ever heard about FH, and merely 14% (n = 29) had been previously identified as suspected of having FH (age at FH diagnosis 35±12 years; 79% and 31% diagnosed, respectively, &gt; 30 and &gt; 40 years old). Only 2.5% underwent genetic tests, 17% underwent cascade screening, and 17% were not in use of pharmacological treatment. Conclusions An important gap in risk perception, cholesterol management, and aspects related to FH was encountered in individuals with severe hypercholesterolemia. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278011
title: Validation of a Simple Electrocardiographic Algorithm for Detection of Ventricular Tachycardia

description: Abstract Background The differential diagnosis of wide QRS complex tachycardia (WCT) between ventricular tachycardia (VT) or supraventricular tachycardia with aberrant conduction (SVT-A) is sometimes difficult in the emergency room. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a new simple electrocardiographic algorithm to recognize VT in patients with wide complex tachycardia. Methods The 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) for WCT were prospectively obtained from 120 patients during electrophysiological study. Six physicians with different expertise analyzed the electrocardiographic recordings, and made the diagnosis based on the D12V16 algorithm, that involves the analysis of the predominant polarity of QRS in leads I, II, V1 and V6. The diagnosis was compared with that made using the traditional Brugada algorithm and the “gold-standard” electrophysiological study. Statistical analyses were performed with a significance level of 5% (p&lt;0.05). Results According to the EPS study, 82 ECG recordings were VT and 38 SVT-A. Structural heart diseases were present in 71 (86.6%) patients with VT and in 8 (21.1%) with SVT-A. The Brugada algorithm had higher global sensitivity (87.2%), and the D12V16 algorithm had higher global specificity (85.1%) for VT. Both D12V16 and Brugada’s algorithms presented a high positive predictive value (90.9% vs 85.8%, respectively) and similar accuracy (73.8% vs 81.4%, respectively) for the diagnosis of VT. Experienced evaluators were more accurate using Brugada algorithm than the D12V16 algorithm, but the accuracy of both algorithms was similar according to less experienced examiners. Conclusion The simplified algorithm may be a useful method to recognize VT in the ECG, especially for less experienced doctors. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14278008
title: Reduction in Hospitalization and Increase in Mortality Due to Cardiovascular Diseases during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil

description: Abstract Background In the COVID-19 pandemic, the increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality from them has been recognized worldwide. In Brazil, the impact of COVID-19 on CVD must be evaluated. Objectives To assess the impact of the current pandemic on the numbers of hospital admissions (HA), in-hospital deaths (ID), and in-hospital fatality (IF) from CVD by use of national epidemiological data from the Brazilian Unified Public Health System. Methods Time-series observational study using comparative analysis of the HA, ID, and IF due to CVD recorded from January to May 2020, having as reference the values registered in the same period from 2016 to 2019 and the values projected by linear regression methods for 2020. The statistical significance level applied was 0.05. Results Compared to the same period in 2019, there was a 15% decrease in the HA rate and a 9% decrease in the total ID due to CVD between March and May 2020, followed by a 9% increase in the IF rate due to CVD, especially among patients aged 20-59 years. The HA and IF rates registered in 2020 differed significantly from the projected trend for 2020 (p = 0.0005 and 0.0318, respectively). Conclusions During the first months of the pandemic, there were a decline in HA and an increase in IF due to CVD in Brazil. These data might have resulted from the inadequate planning of the CVD management during the pandemic. Thus, immediate actions are required to change this scenario. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)