cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/8vx-x8v-eyb
title: Macrogastra plicatula plicatula (Draparnaud, 1801)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/thv-qge-9gl
title: Charonia lampas (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/v1z-kak-257
title: Lentigo lentiginosus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/b2r-fva-spe
title: Pupilla muscorum (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/v6n-k2p-maf
title: Ophiodermella inermis (Reeve, 1843)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/njd-mdx-d7t
title: Ersilia mediterranea (Monterosato, 1869)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.7283/t59c6w7k
title: Bulgaria 2001
DOI: 10.3535/hp1-zgb-pex
title: Odostomia J. Fleming, 1813

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xaf-la9-7h5
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/67s-cpk-mr5
title: Philine araneosa van der Linden, 1995

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gev-q01-gyy
title: Punctoterebra japonica (E. A. Smith, 1873)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.7283/89b4-jw58
title: Macedonia 2000
DOI: 10.3535/lgl-kzz-lyj
title: Pusillina inconspicua (Alder, 1844)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.7283/k1vq-5r90
title: Snake River Plain 2008
DOI: 10.3535/4hj-n99-5n0
title: Oxychilus Fitzinger, 1833

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bma-pe4-xrj
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/6f5-p5x-m3s
title: Ocinebrina corallinoides Pallary, 1912

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/sfm-j92-mcf
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1x4-6dk-p8r
title: Monoplex krebsii (Mörch, 1877)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/b81-g1v-ee2
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0dc-lq2-t11
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/nj0-zbk-hwz
title: Erronea cylindrica sowerbyana F. A. Schilder, 1932

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pt6yay
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 195 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Gerygone hypoxantha)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "License is one of (CC-BY 4.0, CC0 1.0)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 195 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001227-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/9n8-3l1-hhb
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rnr-knb-tg4
title: Arianta arbustorum arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.25773/qxpn-sz51
title: Benthic invertebrate counts from Ship Shoal, Louisiana 2020-2022
DOI: 10.3535/en7-d45-vgy
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/g9q-ba6-crw
title: Chondrina megacheilos avenoides (Westerlund, 1874)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/c8y-9rg-z6b
title: Lacuna vincta (Montagu, 1803)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cem-rw8-spc
title: Albinaria hippolyti holtzi (Sturany, 1904)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/b6c-a2k-0hy
title: Odostomia megerlei (Locard, 1886)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/eeq-zk0-cyd
title: Crisilla semistriata (Montagu, 1808)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/3ml-3l7-4g1
title: Cochlicopa lubrica (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/s75-pz4-pvj
title: Sepia officinalis Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9py-twp-9dw
title: Neverita josephinia Risso, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mpj-yrr-tzs
title: Cochlicella acuta (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/yx5-8c1-lb7
title: Laciniaria plicata (Draparnaud, 1801)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.7283/t5rv0m15
title: Egypt 2000
DOI: 10.3535/33h-2b4-pkw
title: Strigilla producta Tryon, 1870

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ec7-pr4-z3t
title: Ensis magnus Schumacher, 1817

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.7283/t5445jv5
title: Egypt 2007
DOI: 10.7283/t57w69kk
title: Egypt 2009
DOI: 10.3535/p17-j6d-ymn
title: Delima blanda conspurcata (Rossmässler, 1836)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/sen-xch-nfy
title: Albinaria terebra (L. Pfeiffer, 1853)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.7283/t5cn728v
title: Egypt 2006
DOI: 10.3535/9yg-8td-te6
title: Helix secernenda Rossmässler, 1847

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/v8m-dgf-9rf
title: Iolaea eucosmia (Dall & Bartsch, 1909)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.7283/t5h993jd
title: Egypt 2002
DOI: 10.15468/dl.e2m8a2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 22348 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Geothlypis semiflava)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "License is one of (CC-BY 4.0, CC0 1.0)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 22348 records from 28 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001228-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591138
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 245, PFAT 245

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0261; PFATS 0061; PFATS 0004s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 245, Bowman 245 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impressions PFATS 0261 on upper edge; PFATS 0061 on reverse; PFATS 0004s on flat edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591160
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 246, PFAT 246

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal PFATS 0032; illeg ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 246, Bowman 246 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impression PFATS 0032 on obverse, reverse; illeg. on bottom edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591137
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 245, PFAT 245

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0261; PFATS 0061; PFATS 0004s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 245, Bowman 245 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impressions PFATS 0261 on upper edge; PFATS 0061 on reverse; PFATS 0004s on flat edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591154
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 245, PFAT 245

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0261; PFATS 0061; PFATS 0004s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 245, Bowman 245 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impressions PFATS 0261 on upper edge; PFATS 0061 on reverse; PFATS 0004s on flat edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591135
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 245, PFAT 245

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0261; PFATS 0061; PFATS 0004s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 245, Bowman 245 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impressions PFATS 0261 on upper edge; PFATS 0061 on reverse; PFATS 0004s on flat edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591149
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 246, PFAT 246

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal PFATS 0032; illeg ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 246, Bowman 246 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impression PFATS 0032 on obverse, reverse; illeg. on bottom edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591131
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 245, PFAT 245

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0261; PFATS 0061; PFATS 0004s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 245, Bowman 245 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impressions PFATS 0261 on upper edge; PFATS 0061 on reverse; PFATS 0004s on flat edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591139
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 245, PFAT 245

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0261; PFATS 0061; PFATS 0004s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 245, Bowman 245 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impressions PFATS 0261 on upper edge; PFATS 0061 on reverse; PFATS 0004s on flat edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110591115
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 245, PFAT 245

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0261; PFATS 0061; PFATS 0004s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 245, Bowman 245 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impressions PFATS 0261 on upper edge; PFATS 0061 on reverse; PFATS 0004s on flat edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110590705
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 234, PFAT 234

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal PFATS 0252s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 234, Bowman 234 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impression PFATS 0252s on upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage on round edge
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110584642
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 118, PFAT 118

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFS 0578s; PFATS 0158s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 118, Bowman 118 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impression PFS 0578s bottom edge, upper edge; PFATS 0158s obverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Flat edge, round edge damaged
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110590672
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 234, PFAT 234

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal PFATS 0252s ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 234, Bowman 234 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with ink inscription. Seal impression PFATS 0252s on upper edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Damage on round edge
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110584632
title: Persepolis Fortification Aramaic Text 117, PFAT 117

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals PFATS 0157; PFATS 0002 ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] PFAT 117, Bowman 117 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with incised inscription. Seal impression PFATS 0157 flat edge; PFATS 0002 reverse.
DOI: 10.15482/usda.adc/27901878
title: Data from: Locally-weighted meta-regression and benefit transfer

description: These files contain the data and data dictionary used to produce the results presented in: Moeltner, K., Puri, R., Johnston, R. J., Besedin, E., Balukas, J. A., & Le, A. (2023). Locally-weighted meta-regression and benefit transfer. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 121, 102871. 
<br>
Meta-regression models (MRMs) are commonly used within benefit transfer to estimate broadly applicable, “umbrella” benefit functions that may be used to predict willingness to pay for environmental quality improvements at sites for which primary valuation studies have not been conducted. In virtually all benefit transfers of this type, a single regression model is fit to all source points in the metadata, and used to produce out-of-sample predictions for all possible policy-site applications. Despite the advantages of this approach over other types of benefit transfer, the predictive accuracy of these MRMs generally leaves room for improvement. This dataset enables reproduction of the presented locally-weighted regression approach to MRM estimation, for an empirical application on willingness-to-pay for water quality improvements. The metadata are drawn from primary stated preference studies that estimate per household (use and nonuse) WTP for water quality changes in specific U.S. water bodies. Changes in water quality, in turn, affect ecosystem services including aquatic life support, recreational uses (such as fishing, boating, and swimming), and nonuse values. Studies were limited to those for which WTP estimates could be readily mapped to water quality changes measured on a standard 100-point Water Quality Index (WQI). All monetary values were adjusted to 2019 U.S. dollars. The data includes 188 observations from 58 prior stated preference studies, with the earliest of these published in 1980. Variable definitions are provided in the attached data dictionary file. Additional details of the metadata are described in Moeltner et al. (2023).
DOI: 10.15482/usda.adc/27901878.v1
title: Data from: Locally-weighted meta-regression and benefit transfer

description: These files contain the data and data dictionary used to produce the results presented in: Moeltner, K., Puri, R., Johnston, R. J., Besedin, E., Balukas, J. A., & Le, A. (2023). Locally-weighted meta-regression and benefit transfer. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 121, 102871. 
<br>
Meta-regression models (MRMs) are commonly used within benefit transfer to estimate broadly applicable, “umbrella” benefit functions that may be used to predict willingness to pay for environmental quality improvements at sites for which primary valuation studies have not been conducted. In virtually all benefit transfers of this type, a single regression model is fit to all source points in the metadata, and used to produce out-of-sample predictions for all possible policy-site applications. Despite the advantages of this approach over other types of benefit transfer, the predictive accuracy of these MRMs generally leaves room for improvement. This dataset enables reproduction of the presented locally-weighted regression approach to MRM estimation, for an empirical application on willingness-to-pay for water quality improvements. The metadata are drawn from primary stated preference studies that estimate per household (use and nonuse) WTP for water quality changes in specific U.S. water bodies. Changes in water quality, in turn, affect ecosystem services including aquatic life support, recreational uses (such as fishing, boating, and swimming), and nonuse values. Studies were limited to those for which WTP estimates could be readily mapped to water quality changes measured on a standard 100-point Water Quality Index (WQI). All monetary values were adjusted to 2019 U.S. dollars. The data includes 188 observations from 58 prior stated preference studies, with the earliest of these published in 1980. Variable definitions are provided in the attached data dictionary file. Additional details of the metadata are described in Moeltner et al. (2023).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pn5jw8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 420 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-66.84333 10.49693,-66.84283 10.49695,-66.84264 10.49713,-66.84248 10.49881,-66.84245 10.50059,-66.8424 10.50195,-66.84227 10.50277,-66.84242 10.5036,-66.84234 10.50541,-66.84248 10.50629,-66.84261 10.50805,-66.84255 10.50976,-66.84202 10.51012,-66.84195 10.5104,-66.84253 10.51033,-66.84313 10.5102,-66.84307 10.50964,-66.84312 10.50887,-66.84321 10.50762,-66.84345 10.50737,-66.8431 10.50669,-66.84307 10.50515,-66.84302 10.50319,-66.84306 10.50164,-66.84331 10.50018,-66.84315 10.49911,-66.84321 10.49814,-66.84346 10.49738,-66.84333 10.49693))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 420 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0005476-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2eu532
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1464645 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-49.3497 47.65718,-63.32336 61.06651,-77.71799 62.38186,-82.46728 56.92433,-88.64996 44.45228,-86.47482 36.9929,-75.75025 35.93059,-49.3497 47.65718))",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Coleoptera"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1464645 records from 236 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0007234-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.sykk89
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 233473 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Basileuterus culicivorus)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "License is one of (CC-BY 4.0, CC0 1.0)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 233473 records from 128 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0083579-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.snm7h5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1415 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Grus nigricollis",
 "Year 1980-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1415 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0083613-250717081556266/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.