cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503324
title: METHOD FOR REMOVING BROKEN PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAILS USING EXISTING SCREW HOLE

description: ABSTRACT The use of intramedullary nailing to treat proximal femoral fractures has increased in recent years. Nail breakage is a rare complication of intramedullary nailing of the femur, and generally occurs at the non-united fracture site. Removal of the distal fragment of a broken nail is a challenging problem. In this article, the authors describe the methods used to remove strongly fixed broken intramedullary nails. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503324.v1
title: METHOD FOR REMOVING BROKEN PROXIMAL FEMORAL NAILS USING EXISTING SCREW HOLE

description: ABSTRACT The use of intramedullary nailing to treat proximal femoral fractures has increased in recent years. Nail breakage is a rare complication of intramedullary nailing of the femur, and generally occurs at the non-united fracture site. Removal of the distal fragment of a broken nail is a challenging problem. In this article, the authors describe the methods used to remove strongly fixed broken intramedullary nails. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503321
title: Tocolysis among Women with Preterm Birth: Associated Factors and Outcomes from a Multicenter Study in Brazil

description: Abstract Objective To evaluate the use of tocolysis in cases of preterm birth due to spontaneous preterm labor in a Brazilian sample. Methods A sample of 1,491 women with preterm birth due to spontaneous preterm labor were assessed, considering treatment with tocolysis or expectant management, according to gestational age at birth (&lt; 34 weeks and 34 to 36 þ 6 weeks) and drugs prescribed. The study took place in 20 Brazilian hospitals from April 2011 to July 2012. Bivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate associations with sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics and odds ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated for maternal and neonatal outcomes. Results A total of 1,491 cases of preterm birth were considered. Tocolysis was performed in 342 cases (23%), 233 of which (68.1%) were delivered before 34 weeks. Within the expectant management group, 73% was late preterm and with more advanced labor at the time of admission. The most used drugs were calcium channel blockers (62.3%), followed by betamimetics (33%). Among the subjects in the tocolysis group, there were more neonatal and maternal complications (majority non-severe) and an occurrence of corticosteroid use that was 29 higher than in the expectant management group. Conclusion Tocolysis is favored in cases of earlier labor and also among thosewith less than 34 weeks of gestation, using preferably calcium channel blockers, with success in achieving increased corticosteroid use. Tocolysis, in general, was related to higher maternal and neonatal complication rates, which may be due to the baseline difference between cases at admission. However, these results should raise awareness to tocolysis use.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503321.v1
title: Tocolysis among Women with Preterm Birth: Associated Factors and Outcomes from a Multicenter Study in Brazil

description: Abstract Objective To evaluate the use of tocolysis in cases of preterm birth due to spontaneous preterm labor in a Brazilian sample. Methods A sample of 1,491 women with preterm birth due to spontaneous preterm labor were assessed, considering treatment with tocolysis or expectant management, according to gestational age at birth (&lt; 34 weeks and 34 to 36 þ 6 weeks) and drugs prescribed. The study took place in 20 Brazilian hospitals from April 2011 to July 2012. Bivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate associations with sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics and odds ratios with their respective 95% confidence intervals were estimated for maternal and neonatal outcomes. Results A total of 1,491 cases of preterm birth were considered. Tocolysis was performed in 342 cases (23%), 233 of which (68.1%) were delivered before 34 weeks. Within the expectant management group, 73% was late preterm and with more advanced labor at the time of admission. The most used drugs were calcium channel blockers (62.3%), followed by betamimetics (33%). Among the subjects in the tocolysis group, there were more neonatal and maternal complications (majority non-severe) and an occurrence of corticosteroid use that was 29 higher than in the expectant management group. Conclusion Tocolysis is favored in cases of earlier labor and also among thosewith less than 34 weeks of gestation, using preferably calcium channel blockers, with success in achieving increased corticosteroid use. Tocolysis, in general, was related to higher maternal and neonatal complication rates, which may be due to the baseline difference between cases at admission. However, these results should raise awareness to tocolysis use.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503318
title: Efficacy of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains

description: Abstract This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains. Two kg samples of maize grains were used with moisture contents of 14.4% (w.b.), and 94% and 97% of natural infection by Penicillium spp and Aspergillus spp, respectively. The gas was applied at a concentration of 2.14 mg L-1 and flow rate of 5.8 L min-1 for 370 min at 25 ºC ± 2 ºC in order to determine the ozone concentration and saturation time of the maize grains. The experiment was installed according to a split plot design, with two treatments in the plots (atmospheric air and ozone gas) and exposure times of (0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 h) in the subplots, in a completely randomized design. It was shown that the ozone concentration and saturation time in the grain mass were 0.9874 mg L-1 and 138.56 min, respectively. Ozonation was effective in controlling storage fungi in the grain mass with 50 h of exposure to the gas, reducing the rate of incidence of Aspergillus spp (78.5%) and Penicillium spp (98.0%), thereby confirming its fungicidal effect under the conditions presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503318.v1
title: Efficacy of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains

description: Abstract This research aimed to determine the effectiveness of ozone in the microbiological disinfection of maize grains. Two kg samples of maize grains were used with moisture contents of 14.4% (w.b.), and 94% and 97% of natural infection by Penicillium spp and Aspergillus spp, respectively. The gas was applied at a concentration of 2.14 mg L-1 and flow rate of 5.8 L min-1 for 370 min at 25 ºC ± 2 ºC in order to determine the ozone concentration and saturation time of the maize grains. The experiment was installed according to a split plot design, with two treatments in the plots (atmospheric air and ozone gas) and exposure times of (0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 h) in the subplots, in a completely randomized design. It was shown that the ozone concentration and saturation time in the grain mass were 0.9874 mg L-1 and 138.56 min, respectively. Ozonation was effective in controlling storage fungi in the grain mass with 50 h of exposure to the gas, reducing the rate of incidence of Aspergillus spp (78.5%) and Penicillium spp (98.0%), thereby confirming its fungicidal effect under the conditions presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503315
title: Experimental design and response surface methodology applied to the dielectric properties of hydroalcoholic solutions containing sodium chloride

description: Abstract The main focus of this study was to use an experimental design to and the response surface statistical technique to predict and optimize the dielectric properties of hydrated ethanol-sodium chloride blends. Several samples of these blends were prepared considering the following variables: hydrated ethyl alcohol concentration, sodium chloride concentration and temperature. The main dielectric properties of these blends, i.e., the dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and dissipation factor, were measured in a calibrated device suitable for liquid or pasty substances. For this study, experimental tests were carried out according to a Central Composite Design (CCD). Response surface techniques were used to predict the magnitude of the effect of the input variables on the responses investigated, particularly on the dissipation factor. This factor represents the ability of the substance to convert electromagnetic energy into heat. Within the experimental range studied here, the values of the variables that optimized the response were as follows: sodium chloride concentration of 2.21%, hydrated ethanol concentration of 4.64% and temperature of 87 °C.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503315.v1
title: Experimental design and response surface methodology applied to the dielectric properties of hydroalcoholic solutions containing sodium chloride

description: Abstract The main focus of this study was to use an experimental design to and the response surface statistical technique to predict and optimize the dielectric properties of hydrated ethanol-sodium chloride blends. Several samples of these blends were prepared considering the following variables: hydrated ethyl alcohol concentration, sodium chloride concentration and temperature. The main dielectric properties of these blends, i.e., the dielectric constant, dielectric loss factor and dissipation factor, were measured in a calibrated device suitable for liquid or pasty substances. For this study, experimental tests were carried out according to a Central Composite Design (CCD). Response surface techniques were used to predict the magnitude of the effect of the input variables on the responses investigated, particularly on the dissipation factor. This factor represents the ability of the substance to convert electromagnetic energy into heat. Within the experimental range studied here, the values of the variables that optimized the response were as follows: sodium chloride concentration of 2.21%, hydrated ethanol concentration of 4.64% and temperature of 87 °C.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503309
title: Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris Using Positive and Negative Pressure Irrigation Systems in Association with Different Irrigants

description: Abstract This study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) using positive and negative pressure irrigation systems [Conventional irrigation (CI) and EndoVac (EV)] in association with different irrigants [6% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% Chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (CHXg + SS), 2% Chlorhexidine solution (CHXs) or Saline solution (SS)]. Eighty mandibular premolars with single root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 8 groups (n = 10) according to the irrigation system and the irrigant used during CMP: G1 (EV + NaOCl), G2 (EV + CHXg + SS), G3 (EV + CHXs), G4 (EV + SS), G5 (CI + NaOCl), G6 (CI + CHXg + SS), G7 (CI + CHXs) and G8 (CI + SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during the CMP and the extruded debris from each tooth was collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed using a microbalance, and the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey’s test (a = 0.05). All groups were associated with debris extrusion. EV was the irrigation system with less extruded debris (p &lt; 0.05). No differences were observed regarding the irrigant when EV was used. When CI was used, CHXg + SS were associated with lower debris extrusion (p &lt; 0.05). It was concluded that no irrigation protocol succeeded in preventing debris extrusion. EV resulted in lower levels of debris extrusion than CI. The use of CHXg + SS resulted in lower debris extrusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503309.v1
title: Evaluation of Apically Extruded Debris Using Positive and Negative Pressure Irrigation Systems in Association with Different Irrigants

description: Abstract This study evaluated the amount of apically extruded debris after chemo-mechanical preparation (CMP) using positive and negative pressure irrigation systems [Conventional irrigation (CI) and EndoVac (EV)] in association with different irrigants [6% Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% Chlorhexidine gel + saline solution (CHXg + SS), 2% Chlorhexidine solution (CHXs) or Saline solution (SS)]. Eighty mandibular premolars with single root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 8 groups (n = 10) according to the irrigation system and the irrigant used during CMP: G1 (EV + NaOCl), G2 (EV + CHXg + SS), G3 (EV + CHXs), G4 (EV + SS), G5 (CI + NaOCl), G6 (CI + CHXg + SS), G7 (CI + CHXs) and G8 (CI + SS). Reciproc® R25 files (25/.08) were used during the CMP and the extruded debris from each tooth was collected in pre-weighted Eppendorf tubes and dried. The average weight of debris was assessed using a microbalance, and the data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey’s test (a = 0.05). All groups were associated with debris extrusion. EV was the irrigation system with less extruded debris (p &lt; 0.05). No differences were observed regarding the irrigant when EV was used. When CI was used, CHXg + SS were associated with lower debris extrusion (p &lt; 0.05). It was concluded that no irrigation protocol succeeded in preventing debris extrusion. EV resulted in lower levels of debris extrusion than CI. The use of CHXg + SS resulted in lower debris extrusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503306
title: Comparison of mould filament counting techniques for industrialized tomato sauces

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to compare different techniques for counting mould filaments in industrialized tomato sauces available on the Brazilian market. In order to do so, 42 samples of the product “traditional tomato sauce” (from 21 different brands), sold in supermarkets in the municipality of the city of Bauru, Brazil, were collected during the period from April to June, 2016. The mycelial moulds were counted by the Howard method according to the official methodology recommended by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), applying techniques 965.41 and 945.92. Notably, the application of technique 945.92 using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to eliminate the starch in the samples, facilitated counting of the hyphae and, consequently, the percentages of positive fields observed were significantly higher (median = 10%) when compared with the percentages obtained after using technique 965.41 (median = 6%) (p &lt; 0.001). The present findings reveal the need to expand the discussion concerning the application of different techniques for the counting of mould filaments in industrialized tomato sauces, especially in Brazil and in other countries that do not prohibit the addition of starch to this kind of product.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503306.v1
title: Comparison of mould filament counting techniques for industrialized tomato sauces

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to compare different techniques for counting mould filaments in industrialized tomato sauces available on the Brazilian market. In order to do so, 42 samples of the product “traditional tomato sauce” (from 21 different brands), sold in supermarkets in the municipality of the city of Bauru, Brazil, were collected during the period from April to June, 2016. The mycelial moulds were counted by the Howard method according to the official methodology recommended by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), applying techniques 965.41 and 945.92. Notably, the application of technique 945.92 using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to eliminate the starch in the samples, facilitated counting of the hyphae and, consequently, the percentages of positive fields observed were significantly higher (median = 10%) when compared with the percentages obtained after using technique 965.41 (median = 6%) (p &lt; 0.001). The present findings reveal the need to expand the discussion concerning the application of different techniques for the counting of mould filaments in industrialized tomato sauces, especially in Brazil and in other countries that do not prohibit the addition of starch to this kind of product.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503303
title: TWO CLASSIFICATIONS FOR SURGICAL WOUND HEMATOMA AFTER TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the reliability of two classification methods for wound hematoma after total hip replacement. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent total hip replacement for hip osteoarthritis between May 2014 and April 2015. Epidemiological, surgical, and functional data were assessed. Two experienced hip surgeons evaluated 75 pictures of wounds taken 24 hours after surgery. Both evaluators performed the analysis twice, with a 6-week interval between the two analyses. The subjective classification was divided into four different categories describing the hematoma: absent, mild, moderate, and severe. The objective classification was derived from mathematical calculation of the area of the hematoma using a grid superimposed on a picture of the wound. Results: The subjective classification demonstrated an intra-rater agreement of more than 70%, while kappa values showed poor to moderate inter-rater reliability. The objective classification based on mathematical measurements of the hematoma area was more reliable, with good to excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability. Conclusion: The objective classification demonstrated higher intra- and inter-rater reliability. The classification methods used in this study could serve as a useful instrument for orthopedic surgeons, researchers, and health care providers when assessing wound hematomas after total hip replacement. Level of Evidence II; Development of diagnostic criteria on consecutive patients (with universally applied reference ‘‘gold’’ standard).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503303.v1
title: TWO CLASSIFICATIONS FOR SURGICAL WOUND HEMATOMA AFTER TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the reliability of two classification methods for wound hematoma after total hip replacement. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on patients who underwent total hip replacement for hip osteoarthritis between May 2014 and April 2015. Epidemiological, surgical, and functional data were assessed. Two experienced hip surgeons evaluated 75 pictures of wounds taken 24 hours after surgery. Both evaluators performed the analysis twice, with a 6-week interval between the two analyses. The subjective classification was divided into four different categories describing the hematoma: absent, mild, moderate, and severe. The objective classification was derived from mathematical calculation of the area of the hematoma using a grid superimposed on a picture of the wound. Results: The subjective classification demonstrated an intra-rater agreement of more than 70%, while kappa values showed poor to moderate inter-rater reliability. The objective classification based on mathematical measurements of the hematoma area was more reliable, with good to excellent intra- and inter-rater reliability. Conclusion: The objective classification demonstrated higher intra- and inter-rater reliability. The classification methods used in this study could serve as a useful instrument for orthopedic surgeons, researchers, and health care providers when assessing wound hematomas after total hip replacement. Level of Evidence II; Development of diagnostic criteria on consecutive patients (with universally applied reference ‘‘gold’’ standard).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503297
title: Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in post-treatment apical periodontitis

description: Abstract Objective: This study evaluated the expression of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and TGF-β) cytokines in apical periodontitis lesions. Correlations between these cytokines and clinical and cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) data were also assessed. Material and Methods: Apical periodontitis lesions’ data were obtained from 27 patients subjected to periradicular surgery. Specimens were processed for histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis. Sections were evaluated according to the amount of positive staining for each antibody. Expression levels of the target mediators were compared with clinical and CBCT data. Results: Twenty lesions were diagnosed as granuloma and 7 as cyst. In granulomas, IL-4 expression was significantly higher than IL-6 (p=0.001) and TNF-α (p=0.001). There was a significant relationship between high levels of TNF-α and lesions &lt;5 mm (p=0.017). In cysts, IL-6 expression was significant lower than IL-4 (p=0.001) and IFN-γ (p=0.004). There was a significant relationship between high levels of TGF-β and endodontic treatment performed ≤4 years before (p=0.045). In general, IL-4 was the most expressed mediator in both cysts and granulomas. Conclusions: There was a balance between the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with the chronic periradicular inflammatory process. TNF-α and TGF-β were related to some clinical and CBCT data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503297.v1
title: Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in post-treatment apical periodontitis

description: Abstract Objective: This study evaluated the expression of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4 and TGF-β) cytokines in apical periodontitis lesions. Correlations between these cytokines and clinical and cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) data were also assessed. Material and Methods: Apical periodontitis lesions’ data were obtained from 27 patients subjected to periradicular surgery. Specimens were processed for histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis. Sections were evaluated according to the amount of positive staining for each antibody. Expression levels of the target mediators were compared with clinical and CBCT data. Results: Twenty lesions were diagnosed as granuloma and 7 as cyst. In granulomas, IL-4 expression was significantly higher than IL-6 (p=0.001) and TNF-α (p=0.001). There was a significant relationship between high levels of TNF-α and lesions &lt;5 mm (p=0.017). In cysts, IL-6 expression was significant lower than IL-4 (p=0.001) and IFN-γ (p=0.004). There was a significant relationship between high levels of TGF-β and endodontic treatment performed ≤4 years before (p=0.045). In general, IL-4 was the most expressed mediator in both cysts and granulomas. Conclusions: There was a balance between the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines associated with the chronic periradicular inflammatory process. TNF-α and TGF-β were related to some clinical and CBCT data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503294
title: Hygroscopic behaviour of spray dried soursop pulp powder

description: Abstract Powdered products are characterized by their convenience and long shelf life; however, powdered fruit pulps are highly hygroscopic and tend to agglomerate due to their hydrophilic nature. The stability of fruit pulp powders can be studied by means of hygroscopic equilibrium isotherms. On the other hand, soursop pulp presents great economic and industrial potential and stands out from other pulps due to its excellent sensory attributes. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and hygroscopic characteristics of the powdered soursop pulp processed by spray drying, and evaluate its hygroscopic behaviour by analysing the adsorption isotherms by fitting the experimental data to the GAB, BET, Henderson and Oswin mathematical models at 25 °C, 30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C. The results demonstrated that the soursop pulp powder was a good source of ascorbic acid, slightly hygroscopic and showed a lot of caking. The GAB model presented the best fit to the adsorption isotherms, with a coefficient of determination (R2) above 0.99 and mean errors (E) below 5%, presenting Type III behaviour, characteristic of sugar rich foods, and revealing that care should be taken when storing this product in environments with a relative humidity above 60%.