cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279763
title: MORPHOGENIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MARANDU GRASS AFFECTED BY FERTIGATION WITH TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT AND CUTTING HEIGHT

description: ABSTRACT The response of biomass flow components of forage from the interaction between fertigation with wastewater and cutting height during the year is little known. The objective of this work was to verify the responses of morphogenic and structural characteristics of Urochloa brizantha as a function of fertigation application strategies with sewage treatment plant effluent (TSE), complemented with urea (U), associated with harvest with two plant heights during the dry and rainy periods. The forage cutting heights were 30 cm (H1) and 40 cm (H2), and nitrogen fertilization doses were 9.1 (D1), 12.1 (D2), 22.5 (D3), 26.6 (D4), and 34.0 (D5) kg of N per Mg−1 of dry matter (DM) produced, applied by TSE via fertigation, plus 7.5 kg N per Mg−1 of DM produced, applied in the form of urea by cover in all treatments. Factor analyses for the dry and rainy periods identified two processes that correspond to forage mass growth and leaf development. Analysis of variance showed that treatments D5H2 and D5H1 presented superior responses over the other treatments, in the dry, and rainy periods. The treatment D5H2 stood out in the process of forage mass growth, and D5H1 in leaf development.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279763.v1
title: MORPHOGENIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MARANDU GRASS AFFECTED BY FERTIGATION WITH TREATED SEWAGE EFFLUENT AND CUTTING HEIGHT

description: ABSTRACT The response of biomass flow components of forage from the interaction between fertigation with wastewater and cutting height during the year is little known. The objective of this work was to verify the responses of morphogenic and structural characteristics of Urochloa brizantha as a function of fertigation application strategies with sewage treatment plant effluent (TSE), complemented with urea (U), associated with harvest with two plant heights during the dry and rainy periods. The forage cutting heights were 30 cm (H1) and 40 cm (H2), and nitrogen fertilization doses were 9.1 (D1), 12.1 (D2), 22.5 (D3), 26.6 (D4), and 34.0 (D5) kg of N per Mg−1 of dry matter (DM) produced, applied by TSE via fertigation, plus 7.5 kg N per Mg−1 of DM produced, applied in the form of urea by cover in all treatments. Factor analyses for the dry and rainy periods identified two processes that correspond to forage mass growth and leaf development. Analysis of variance showed that treatments D5H2 and D5H1 presented superior responses over the other treatments, in the dry, and rainy periods. The treatment D5H2 stood out in the process of forage mass growth, and D5H1 in leaf development.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279765
title: INFLUENCE OF SEED TUBE CURVATURE ON SEED LONGITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION

description: ABSTRACT Studies on the longitudinal distribution of seeds in the sowing row seek to improve crop homogeneity, thus generating high productivity. In this context, seed tubes must be analyzed for their angular curvature. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the seed tube curvature on the longitudinal distribution of corn and soybean seeds at different speeds. Two experiments were conducted completely randomized in a double factorial design. The first factor consisted of the seed tube curvature (straight and curved) and the second factor consisted of sowing speeds (1.11, 1.39, and 1.67 m s−1 for corn and 1.39, 1.67, 1.94, and 2.22 m s−1 for soybean), with five replications. The parameters analyzed to measure the longitudinal distribution were the number of seeds per meter, average spacing, double, flawed, and acceptable spacings, coefficient of variation, and precision index. The results were subjected to normality and homogeneity tests of residuals, followed by an analysis of variance and Tukey test, when significant. The curved seed tube showed the highest efficiency in the measured parameters for both corn and soybean. The increase in sowing speed had a negative influence on the evaluated parameters, especially in the soybean crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279765.v1
title: INFLUENCE OF SEED TUBE CURVATURE ON SEED LONGITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION

description: ABSTRACT Studies on the longitudinal distribution of seeds in the sowing row seek to improve crop homogeneity, thus generating high productivity. In this context, seed tubes must be analyzed for their angular curvature. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the seed tube curvature on the longitudinal distribution of corn and soybean seeds at different speeds. Two experiments were conducted completely randomized in a double factorial design. The first factor consisted of the seed tube curvature (straight and curved) and the second factor consisted of sowing speeds (1.11, 1.39, and 1.67 m s−1 for corn and 1.39, 1.67, 1.94, and 2.22 m s−1 for soybean), with five replications. The parameters analyzed to measure the longitudinal distribution were the number of seeds per meter, average spacing, double, flawed, and acceptable spacings, coefficient of variation, and precision index. The results were subjected to normality and homogeneity tests of residuals, followed by an analysis of variance and Tukey test, when significant. The curved seed tube showed the highest efficiency in the measured parameters for both corn and soybean. The increase in sowing speed had a negative influence on the evaluated parameters, especially in the soybean crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279767
title: THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF TAMARIND SEEDS (Tamarindus indica L.)

description: ABSTRACT Tamarind is used in the food and pharmaceutical industry, and its seed is the main means for the reproduction of this species, thus justifying studies that ensure its post-harvest viability. This research aimed to study the thermodynamic properties of tamarind seeds as a function of the equilibrium moisture content. The experimental data of the water activities were obtained by the indirect static method. The Cavalcanti Mata model was used to determine the thermodynamic properties of tamarind seeds, as it was the model that best fitted the experimental data of the desorption isotherms. The results showed that the thermodynamic properties are influenced by the moisture content and temperature, with an increase in the energy required to remove water from the product with a decrease in moisture content. The net isosteric heat of desorption increases with a reduction of moisture content ranging from 2,618.85 to 2,510.25 kJ kg−1 for the moisture content range of 10.52 to 21.10% db. The latent heat of vaporization, the differential enthalpy, and the Gibbs free energy increase with a reduction of the moisture content of tamarind seeds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279764
title: PREDICTING THE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF CHISEL PLOW USING NEURAL NETWORK MODEL

description: ABSTRACT This study examines the capability of an artificial neural network (ANN) approach using a backpropagation-learning algorithm to predict performance parameters for a chisel plow at three field sites with differing soils. The draft force, effective field capacity (EFC), fuel consumption rate (FC), overall energy efficiency (OEE), and rate of plowed soil volume (SVR) were predicted at varying plowing speeds, plowing depths, soil moisture contents, soil bulk densities, soil texture indexes, and tractor powers. Collected field data was divided into a training set (for predicting the required parameters) and testing set (for model validation). For the ANN algorithm, the number of hidden layers, neurons, and transfer functions were varied to construct different ANN architectures, which were then verified using various statistical criteria, such as mean absolute error. The results showed that an ANN with one hidden layer and 15 neurons was ideal. The developed ANN model predicted the draft force, EFC, FC, OEE, and SVR of the chisel plow with a mean absolute error of 3.23 kN, 0.80 hah-1, 3.04 Lh-1, 2.78% and 1.06 m3h−1, respectively in the testing phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279764.v1
title: PREDICTING THE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF CHISEL PLOW USING NEURAL NETWORK MODEL

description: ABSTRACT This study examines the capability of an artificial neural network (ANN) approach using a backpropagation-learning algorithm to predict performance parameters for a chisel plow at three field sites with differing soils. The draft force, effective field capacity (EFC), fuel consumption rate (FC), overall energy efficiency (OEE), and rate of plowed soil volume (SVR) were predicted at varying plowing speeds, plowing depths, soil moisture contents, soil bulk densities, soil texture indexes, and tractor powers. Collected field data was divided into a training set (for predicting the required parameters) and testing set (for model validation). For the ANN algorithm, the number of hidden layers, neurons, and transfer functions were varied to construct different ANN architectures, which were then verified using various statistical criteria, such as mean absolute error. The results showed that an ANN with one hidden layer and 15 neurons was ideal. The developed ANN model predicted the draft force, EFC, FC, OEE, and SVR of the chisel plow with a mean absolute error of 3.23 kN, 0.80 hah-1, 3.04 Lh-1, 2.78% and 1.06 m3h−1, respectively in the testing phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279769
title: SPATIAL VARIABILITY IN LEAF ANALYSIS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF FERTIRRIGATED AÇAÍ

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to define management zones (MZs) for fertirrigated açaí cultivation, based on spatial variability of the foliar nutrients and productivity data. The work was carried out in an area of 5.75 ha of a 7-year crop, with 80 georeferenced sample points. Fresh fruit productivity and nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) contents were determined. The average contents of macronutrients were considered adequate for adult açaí plants, and their spatial dependence associated with fruit productivity allowed the representation of their distributions through maps of variability. Through multivariate analysis, three main components were highlighted. These components explained 51.5 % of the total variability of the data, where PC1 showed a higher correlation with Ca, Mg, K, and P. In addition, three MZs were obtained, out of which one with the highest productivity showed the best Ca, Mg, S, B, and Fe leaf contents. Principal component analysis and determination of MZs emphasized Ca and Mg nutrition as being more related to spatial variability and açaí fruit productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279767.v1
title: THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF TAMARIND SEEDS (Tamarindus indica L.)

description: ABSTRACT Tamarind is used in the food and pharmaceutical industry, and its seed is the main means for the reproduction of this species, thus justifying studies that ensure its post-harvest viability. This research aimed to study the thermodynamic properties of tamarind seeds as a function of the equilibrium moisture content. The experimental data of the water activities were obtained by the indirect static method. The Cavalcanti Mata model was used to determine the thermodynamic properties of tamarind seeds, as it was the model that best fitted the experimental data of the desorption isotherms. The results showed that the thermodynamic properties are influenced by the moisture content and temperature, with an increase in the energy required to remove water from the product with a decrease in moisture content. The net isosteric heat of desorption increases with a reduction of moisture content ranging from 2,618.85 to 2,510.25 kJ kg−1 for the moisture content range of 10.52 to 21.10% db. The latent heat of vaporization, the differential enthalpy, and the Gibbs free energy increase with a reduction of the moisture content of tamarind seeds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279769.v1
title: SPATIAL VARIABILITY IN LEAF ANALYSIS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF FERTIRRIGATED AÇAÍ

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to define management zones (MZs) for fertirrigated açaí cultivation, based on spatial variability of the foliar nutrients and productivity data. The work was carried out in an area of 5.75 ha of a 7-year crop, with 80 georeferenced sample points. Fresh fruit productivity and nutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) contents were determined. The average contents of macronutrients were considered adequate for adult açaí plants, and their spatial dependence associated with fruit productivity allowed the representation of their distributions through maps of variability. Through multivariate analysis, three main components were highlighted. These components explained 51.5 % of the total variability of the data, where PC1 showed a higher correlation with Ca, Mg, K, and P. In addition, three MZs were obtained, out of which one with the highest productivity showed the best Ca, Mg, S, B, and Fe leaf contents. Principal component analysis and determination of MZs emphasized Ca and Mg nutrition as being more related to spatial variability and açaí fruit productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279770
title: AN EVALUATION OF THE THERMAL AND LUMINOUS ENVIRONMENT OF LAYING HEN AVIARIES EQUIPPED WITH LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE AND COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PRODUCTION AND EGG QUALITY

description: ABSTRACT The thermal and luminous conditions in aviaries affect the production and quality of eggs. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the thermal and luminous environment of commercial laying hen aviaries equipped with compact fluorescent (CF) and light-emitting diode (LED) lamps and their influence on egg production and quality. The study was carried out in two commercial laying hen facilities with similar construction features and management. The first facility was illuminated with CF lamps and the second with LED lamps. The thermal environment was assessed via air temperature, air relative humidity, and enthalpy. The evaluated lamps provided a similar thermal environment in both facilities. The aviary equipped with LED lamps showed higher illuminance than the one equipped with a CF lamp. Production performance was evaluated through feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC), mortality (M), and laying percentage (LP). Specific gravity (SG) was used to evaluate eggshell quality. The variables related to production performance and eggshell quality of laying hens raised in aviaries equipped with LED lamps were statistically equal (F-test, p &gt; 0.05) to those raised in aviaries equipped with CF lamps. These results indicate that the replacement of CF lamps with LED lamps does not adversely affect the yield and quality of eggs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279776
title: INGESTIVE BEHAVIOR OF SANTA INÊS SHEEP UNDER THERMONEUTRALITY AND THERMAL STRESS UPON CONSUMPTION OF SALINE WATER

description: ABSTRACT The consumption of saline water in semiarid regions is a recurrent situation that can affect the ingestive behavior of small ruminants. This study evaluated the ingestive behavior of Santa Inês sheep maintained in a climatic chamber under two air temperatures -25 °C within the thermal comfort zone (TCZ) and 32 °C above the TCZ - and consuming water with three levels of salinity - 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 dS m-1. The experimental design was completely randomized in 2 × 3 factorial schemes, comprising two air temperatures and drinking water with three levels of salinity, in six replicates (animals). Regardless of air temperature, the consumption of saline water did not affect feed and water intake by the sheep; however, there was a decrease in feed intake and an increase in water intake as air temperature increased. Feed and water intake; feeding, rumination, and idle times; defecation frequency; and fecal production were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by the water salinity levels, whereas reduction in feed intake, feeding time, and rumination time and an increase in water intake and idle time were observed as air temperature increased. In summary, increasing air temperature negatively affected the ingestive behavior of the animals; however, water with salinity up to 8.0 dS m-1 did not affect their ingestive behavior and hence could be used for drinking.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279773
title: ADSORPTION OF ATRAZINE BY BIOCHARS PRODUCED FROM BYPRODUCTS OF THE WOOD INDUSTRY

description: ABSTRACT Atrazine is a herbicide widely used in agriculture; however, because of its toxicity, alternatives are needed to remove this compound from the environment. In this study, we investigated the adsorption process and the atrazine-adsorbing ability of three biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures from byproducts of the wood industry. The biochars were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their physical characteristics were evaluated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The biochar pyrolyzed at 350 °C (BM350) adsorbed 26.04% of the herbicide, showing the best performance among the three biochars tested, even though it had the lowest specific surface area (1.467 m2 g–1). It also had a greater quantity of organic functional groups, which may have influenced the adsorption. The kinetics of the adsorption process were best explained by the pseudo-first-order model and by the Freundlich isotherm model. However, the biochar is not suitable for the removal of the herbicide atrazine, having a lower adsorption capacity than those of others described in the literature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279776.v1
title: INGESTIVE BEHAVIOR OF SANTA INÊS SHEEP UNDER THERMONEUTRALITY AND THERMAL STRESS UPON CONSUMPTION OF SALINE WATER

description: ABSTRACT The consumption of saline water in semiarid regions is a recurrent situation that can affect the ingestive behavior of small ruminants. This study evaluated the ingestive behavior of Santa Inês sheep maintained in a climatic chamber under two air temperatures -25 °C within the thermal comfort zone (TCZ) and 32 °C above the TCZ - and consuming water with three levels of salinity - 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 dS m-1. The experimental design was completely randomized in 2 × 3 factorial schemes, comprising two air temperatures and drinking water with three levels of salinity, in six replicates (animals). Regardless of air temperature, the consumption of saline water did not affect feed and water intake by the sheep; however, there was a decrease in feed intake and an increase in water intake as air temperature increased. Feed and water intake; feeding, rumination, and idle times; defecation frequency; and fecal production were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by the water salinity levels, whereas reduction in feed intake, feeding time, and rumination time and an increase in water intake and idle time were observed as air temperature increased. In summary, increasing air temperature negatively affected the ingestive behavior of the animals; however, water with salinity up to 8.0 dS m-1 did not affect their ingestive behavior and hence could be used for drinking.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279770.v1
title: AN EVALUATION OF THE THERMAL AND LUMINOUS ENVIRONMENT OF LAYING HEN AVIARIES EQUIPPED WITH LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE AND COMPACT FLUORESCENT LAMPS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON PRODUCTION AND EGG QUALITY

description: ABSTRACT The thermal and luminous conditions in aviaries affect the production and quality of eggs. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the thermal and luminous environment of commercial laying hen aviaries equipped with compact fluorescent (CF) and light-emitting diode (LED) lamps and their influence on egg production and quality. The study was carried out in two commercial laying hen facilities with similar construction features and management. The first facility was illuminated with CF lamps and the second with LED lamps. The thermal environment was assessed via air temperature, air relative humidity, and enthalpy. The evaluated lamps provided a similar thermal environment in both facilities. The aviary equipped with LED lamps showed higher illuminance than the one equipped with a CF lamp. Production performance was evaluated through feed intake (FI), feed conversion (FC), mortality (M), and laying percentage (LP). Specific gravity (SG) was used to evaluate eggshell quality. The variables related to production performance and eggshell quality of laying hens raised in aviaries equipped with LED lamps were statistically equal (F-test, p &gt; 0.05) to those raised in aviaries equipped with CF lamps. These results indicate that the replacement of CF lamps with LED lamps does not adversely affect the yield and quality of eggs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279771.v1
title: A DISCRETE STOCHASTIC MODEL TO DETERMINE FOOD QUALITY BY USING SIMULATION: A STRAWBERRY CASE STUDY

description: ABSTRACT The agri-food supply chain (AFSC) sets a series of challenges in the production, storage, distribution, and transportation processes, as the market's requirements for fresh food combine food quality and safety attributes. This research suggests a discrete event modeling to study the behavior of food quality in all supply chains (SCs) in terms of temperature and time variables in a stochastic manner. The ProModel software was used to simulate strawberry quality in the SC, considering a distribution route to export the fruit from Mexico to the United States. The suggested model together with a computer simulation analyzes the fruit quality from two perspectives: with and without a cold chain (CC). The obtained results revealed that in the case of CC usage, when consumed the strawberry's average quality was 85%. In the approach without CC, the results revealed that when the strawberry arrives and remains in the distribution center, it loses more than 40% of its quality. This proposal may help those involved in the AFSC to make decisions that allow them to maximize quality and profit, minimize waste, improve distribution routes, and control stock levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279773.v1
title: ADSORPTION OF ATRAZINE BY BIOCHARS PRODUCED FROM BYPRODUCTS OF THE WOOD INDUSTRY

description: ABSTRACT Atrazine is a herbicide widely used in agriculture; however, because of its toxicity, alternatives are needed to remove this compound from the environment. In this study, we investigated the adsorption process and the atrazine-adsorbing ability of three biochars produced at different pyrolysis temperatures from byproducts of the wood industry. The biochars were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their physical characteristics were evaluated by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The biochar pyrolyzed at 350 °C (BM350) adsorbed 26.04% of the herbicide, showing the best performance among the three biochars tested, even though it had the lowest specific surface area (1.467 m2 g–1). It also had a greater quantity of organic functional groups, which may have influenced the adsorption. The kinetics of the adsorption process were best explained by the pseudo-first-order model and by the Freundlich isotherm model. However, the biochar is not suitable for the removal of the herbicide atrazine, having a lower adsorption capacity than those of others described in the literature.