cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6mn56r9
title: Data from: Defensive chemicals of neighboring plants limit visits of herbivorous insects: associational resistance within a plant population

description: Despite our understanding of chemical defenses and their consequences for
 plant performance and herbivores, we know little about whether defensive
 chemicals in plant tissues, such as alkaloids, and their spatial variation
 within a population play unappreciated and critical roles in
 plant-herbivore interactions. Neighboring plants can decrease or increase
 attractiveness of a plant to herbivores, an example of a neighborhood
 effect. Chemical defensive traits may contribute to neighborhood effects
 in plant-herbivore interactions. We examined the effects of nicotine in
 leaves (a non-emitted defense chemical) on plant-herbivore interactions in
 a spatial context, using two varieties of Nicotiana tabacum with different
 nicotine levels. A common garden experiment demonstrated that visits by
 grasshoppers decreased with increasing density of neighboring plants with
 a greater nicotine level. In contrast, visits of leaf caterpillars were
 not affected by neighbors, irrespective of nicotine levels. Thus, our
 results clearly highlighted that the neighborhood effect caused by the
 nicotine in leaves depended on the insect identity, and it was mediated by
 plant-herbivore interactions, rather than plant-plant interactions. This
 study demonstrates that understanding of effects of plant defensive traits
 on plant-herbivore interactions requires careful consideration of the
 spatial distribution of plant defenses, and provides support for the
 importance of spatial context to accurately capture the ecological and
 evolutionary consequences of plant-herbivore interactions.
description: Number of grasshoppers
 observed during pre-flowering phaseThese data present
 number of grasshoppers during pre-flowering phase. Analysis of these data
 is presented in Table 1.Ida etal EcolEvol Data
 1.csvNumber of caterpillars
 observed during pre-flowering phaseThese data present
 number of caterpillars during pre-flowering phase. Analysis of these data
 is presented in Table 1.Ida etal EcolEvol Data
 2.csvNumber of grasshoppers
 observed during flowering phaseThese data present
 number of grasshoppers during flowering phase. Analysis of these data is
 presented in Table 1.Ida etal EcolEvol Data
 3.csvNumber of seed predators
 observed during fruiting phaseThese data present
 number of seed predators during fruiting phase. Analysis of these data is
 presented in Table 1.Ida etal EcolEvol Data
 4.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bt713
title: Data from: Identification of the submergence tolerance QTL come quick drowning1 (CQD1) in Arabidopsis thaliana

description: Global climate change is predicted to increase water precipitation
 fluctuations and lead to localized prolonged floods in agricultural fields
 and natural plant communities. Thus, understanding the genetic basis of
 submergence tolerance is crucial in order to improve plant survival under
 these conditions. In this study, we performed a quantitative trait locus
 (QTL) analysis in Arabidopsis to identify novel candidate genes for
 increased submergence tolerance by using Kas-1 and Col (gl1) parental
 accessions and their derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs). We measured
 survival after submergence in dark for a 13-day period and used median
 lethal time, LT50 values for the QTL analysis. A major QTL, the Come
 Quick, Drowning (CQD1) locus, was detected in 2 independent experiments on
 the lower arm of chromosome 5 involved in higher submergence tolerance in
 the parental accession Kas-1. For fine-mapping, we then constructed near
 isogenic lines (NILs) by backcrossing the CQD1 QTL region. We also
 analyzed QTL regions related to size, leaf number, flowering, or survival
 in darkness and none of the QTL related to these traits overlapped with
 CQD1. The submergence tolerance QTL, CQD1, region detected in this study
 includes genes that have potential to be novel candidates effecting
 submergence tolerance such as trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase and
 respiratory burst oxidase protein D. Gene expression and functional
 analysis for these genes under submergence would reveal the significance
 of these novel candidates and provide new perspectives for understanding
 genetic basis of submergence tolerance.
description: Input file for QTL
 cartographerThis excel document is
 composed of 3 sheets, linkage map information, phenotype information and a
 summary page, all of which are required for QTL
 cartographer.QTLsummary.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.164
title: Data from: Morphological convergence and coexistence in three sympatric North American species of Microtus (Rodentia: Arvicolinae)

description: Niche theory predicts that ecologically identical species cannot stably
 coexist in local communities. My aim was to investigate morphological
 diversity as a possible factor enabling the coexistence of a species-rich
 Microtus (Rodentia: Arvicolinae) fauna in a hotspot of North American
 mammalian diversity, the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE). LOCATION:
 The Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, North America. METHODS: Using in-hand
 morphological measurements of size and shape, I compared the morphologies
 of three North American vole species (Microtus spp.), in sympatry in the
 GYE and in allopatry across their ranges, in order to examine: (1) whether
 morphologies are fixed or plastic and (2) the degree of morphological
 character displacement or convergence in sympatric species. RESULTS:
 Support was found for plasticity of morphology for all three vole species:
 M. longicaudus, M. montanus and M. pennsylvanicus. However, Microtus
 individuals of all species from the GYE area of sympatry were more similar
 to each other than to allopatric individuals of the same species. MAIN
 CONCLUSIONS: Competition among these congeners is not manifested in
 morphological overdispersion. The response of these congeneric species to
 the same local ecological conditions is convergent. The relative strength
 of environmental conditions appears to be stronger than the strength of
 competitive interactions among the study species.
description: Specimen Records of all
 Animals used in the Morphometric AnalysesAppendix
 S2.JBiogeography_dryad_PAS.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kq484
title: Data from: Keystone mutualism strengthens top-down effects by recruiting large-bodied ants

description: Determining the impacts of mutualistic interactions and predator diversity
 on food webs are two important goals in community ecology. In this study,
 we examined how predator community variation mediates the strength of
 top–down effects in the presence and absence of mutualistic interactions.
 We examined the impacts of predatory ant species that simultaneously prey
 on leaf-chewing herbivores (Lepidoptera) and engage in food-for-protection
 mutualisms with sap-feeding herbivores (Hemiptera) in the lower canopy of
 Connecticut forests. In this 2-year study, we examined three hypothetical
 mechanisms by which mutualisms can alter the top–down effects of ants: (1)
 sap feeders increase ant abundance, thus strengthening predatory effects;
 (2) sap feeders increase the relative abundance of a species that has
 stronger predatory effects; and (3) changes to predator diversity (species
 richness) are caused by sap feeders mediating top–down effects of the ant
 community. Experiments revealed that host plants occupied by sap feeders
 favored large-bodied ant species in the genus Camponotus, but there were
 no changes to community-wide ant abundance or ant species richness.
 Fitting predictions of predation strength based on the functional trait of
 body size, large-bodied Camponotus suppressed caterpillars and reduced
 leaf herbivory. This work shows that the ant–hemipteran mutualism, which
 has been characterized as a keystone interaction, can generate strong
 top–down effects on leaf-chewing herbivores and herbivory via increasing
 the relative abundance of species with functional traits relevant to
 predation, such as body size. Therefore, the emergence of specific ants as
 keystone predators in a community can be contingent upon their mutualism
 with sap-feeding Hemiptera.
description: Red Maple
 2013Data for experiment 1
 described in the manuscript. Contains population data for ants,
 caterpillars in response to treatment effects from field season 2013 on
 the tree species Acer rubrum.RCombined 2014 and
 2015Data for Experiment 2 as
 described in manuscript. Contains insect population, community, and leaf
 damage on Carya. Data is collated across both 2014 and 2015 field
 seasons.Catsize2014and2015Supplemental data with identities of caterpillar species and reported body sizes from field season 2014 and 2015 on Carya spp. Used for figure 5 in manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m78b6
title: Data from: Rain, predators, and spider sociality: a manipulative experiment

description: Group-living organisms offer a unique perspective on how environmental
 gradients influence geographic distributions, as not only the properties
 of individuals, but also those of their groups interact with the
 environment to determine a species range. In turn, the ranges of
 group-living organisms should provide insights on the conditions that
 favor group versus solitary living. Here we show that rain intensity and
 predation by ants, factors postulated to exclude subsocial Anelosimus
 spiders from the lowland tropical rainforest, are greater in this habitat
 than at higher elevations. We further show that experimentally excluding
 these factors increases the survival of subsocial Anelosimus colonies when
 transplanted to the lowland rainforest, but not at their native higher
 elevation range. While providing a rare experimental test of the
 simultaneous importance of abiotic and biotic gradients on species range
 limits, these results provide direct evidence that adverse environmental
 factors may prevent solitary living and require group living in certain
 environments.
description: Summary File of Data for
 Hoffman & Aviles_BehavEcol_2017Five datasets included:
 (1) Survival of colonies of the subsocial spider Anelosimus elegans
 (Theridiidae) transplanted from the Lower Montane Cloud Forest (1000m) to
 the Lowland Tropical Rainforest (400m) in Eastern Ecuador. (2) Rain rate
 data collected manually in the field for 4 elevations (400-2100m) along
 the Eastern Ecuadorean Andes. (3) Quarterly rain rate data for locations
 along two elevational transects (spanning 211-2100m) in the Eastern
 Ecuadorean Andes, processed from monthly satellite data from NASA's
 Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Project (TRMM). (4, 5) Data taken in
 the field of the rate spider and tuna baits were found by ants and other
 predators at 4 elevations in the Eastern Ecuadorean
 Andes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8ss09
title: Data from: Genetic stock structure of Anadromous Arctic char in Canada’s Central Arctic: potential implications for the management of Canada’s largest Arctic char commercial fishery

description: The Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus is widely considered the most important
 subsistence fish species in the Canadian Arctic. Throughout the species’
 range, commercial fisheries for Arctic Char also exist, the management of
 which primarily follows river-specific harvest strategies. Such an
 approach, however, may not be appropriate if the management unit or stock
 does not accurately reflect a demographically independent population or if
 mixtures of populations are being harvested. We assayed microsatellite DNA
 variation among 744 Arctic Char from the Cambridge Bay region, Nunavut,
 where the largest commercial fishery for the species exists, in order to
 identify the most appropriate spatial scale at which these stocks should
 be managed. Our sampling design specifically mirrored that of the
 commercial fishery in order to describe patterns of genetic structure and
 genetic variation within and among the harvested component. We also
 included Arctic Char from more geographically distant sampling locations
 to provide a spatial context for genetic stock structuring in the region.
 Overall, we found moderate but significant structure across the entire
 study area. In contrast, commercially harvested stocks were weakly
 differentiated, especially among the stocks that are considered part of
 the Wellington Bay complex. We propose several hypotheses for this weak
 differentiation, including (1) our sampling design that mirrored the
 commercial harvest, (2) high rates of potential gene flow, and (3) large
 effective population sizes. Our results may have important implications
 for commercial and subsistence fisheries management, including the notion
 that there are several potential units of conservation below the species
 level.
description: Microsatellite
 dataGenepop file (3 digit
 format) containing all microsatellite data. Population names are listed in
 Table 1 of the paper.Genepop 3
 Digit
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.76tk7
title: Data from: Pliocene-Pleistocene ecological niche evolution shapes the phylogeography of a Mediterranean plant group

description: Estimating species ability to adapt to environmental changes is crucial to
 understand their past and future response to climate change. The
 Mediterranean basin has experienced remarkable climatic changes since the
 Miocene, which have greatly influenced the evolution of the Mediterranean
 flora. Here we examine the evolutionary history and biogeographic patterns
 of two sedge sister species (Carex, Cyperaceae) restricted to the western
 Mediterranean basin, but with Pliocene fossil record in central Europe. In
 particular, we estimated the evolution of climatic niches through time and
 its influence in lineage differentiation. We carried out a dated
 phylogenetic-phylogeographic study based on seven DNA regions (nDNA and
 ptDNA) and fingerprinting data (AFLPs), and modelled ecological niches and
 species distributions for the Pliocene, Pleistocene, and present.
 Phylogenetic and divergence time analyses revealed that both species form
 a monophyletic lineage originated in the late Pliocene-early Pleistocene.
 We detected clear genetic differentiation between both species with
 distinct genetic clusters in disjunct areas, indicating the predominant
 role of geographic barriers limiting gene flow. We found a remarkable
 shift in the climatic requirements between Pliocene and extant
 populations, although the niche seems to have been relatively conserved
 since the Pleistocene split of both species. This study highlights how an
 integrative approach combining different data sources and analyses,
 including fossils, allows solid and robust inferences about the
 evolutionary history of a plant group since the Pliocene.
description: AppendixS3AFLP data has been exported as a presence/absence (1/0) matrix. The reproducibility was estimated based on 12 replicated samples. Information regarding the included populations can be found in the main article text (see Table 1).
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14633530
title: Daily Market Prices of Commodity India (2001-2026)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h30g3
title: Data from: Heritability, evolvability, phenotypic plasticity and temporal variation in sperm-competition success of Drosophila melanogaster

description: Sperm-competition success (SCS) is seen as centrally important for
 evolutionary change: superior fathers sire superior sons and thereby
 inherit the traits that make them superior. Additional hypotheses, that
 phenotypic plasticity in SCS and sperm ageing explain variation in
 paternity, are less considered. Even though various alleles have
 individually been shown to be correlated with variation in SCS, few
 studies have addressed the heritability, or evolvability, of overall SCS.
 Those studies that have, found low or no heritability and have not
 examined evolvability. They have further not excluded phenotypic
 plasticity, and temporal effects on SCS, despite their known dramatic
 effects on sperm function. In Drosophila melanogaster, we found that both
 standard components of sperm competition, sperm defence and sperm offence,
 showed non-significant or insignificant heritability across several
 offspring cohorts. Instead, our analysis revealed, for the first time, the
 existence of phenotypic plasticity in SCS across an extreme environment
 (5% CO2), and an influence of sperm ageing. Evolvability of SCS was
 substantial for sperm defence but virtually absent for sperm offence. Our
 results suggest that the paradigm of explaining evolution by sperm
 competition is more complex and will benefit from further experimental
 work on the heritability or evolvability of SCS, measuring phenotypic
 plasticity, and separating the effects of sperm competition and sperm
 ageing.
description: theoretical_modelsR code used for the graphical models in figure 3.defence_offence_correlationdata used to check correlation between sperm defence and sperm offence.env_and_timedata used to generate/analyse changes of SCS, heritability and evolvability over time and between environments.main_datamain data file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p2j15
title: Data from: Do pathogens reduce genetic diversity of their hosts? Variable effects of sylvatic plague in black-tailed prairie dogs

description: Introduced diseases can cause dramatic declines in—and even the loss
 of—natural populations. Extirpations may be followed by low recolonization
 rates, leading to inbreeding and a loss of genetic variation, with
 consequences on population viability. Conversely, extirpations may create
 vacant habitat patches that individuals from multiple source populations
 can colonize, potentially leading to an influx of variation. We tested
 these alternative hypotheses by sampling 15 colonies in a prairie dog
 metapopulation during 7 years that encompassed an outbreak of sylvatic
 plague, providing the opportunity to monitor genetic diversity before,
 during and after the outbreak. Analysis of nine microsatellite loci
 revealed that within the metapopulation, there was no change in diversity.
 However, within extirpated colonies, patterns varied: In half of the
 colonies, allelic richness after recovery was less than the preplague
 conditions, and in the other half, richness was greater than the preplague
 conditions. Finally, analysis of variation within individuals revealed
 that prairie dogs present in recolonized colonies had higher
 heterozygosity than those present before plague. We confirmed plague
 survivorship in six founders; these individuals had significantly higher
 heterozygosity than expected by chance. Collectively, our results suggest
 that high immigration rates can maintain genetic variation at a regional
 scale despite simultaneous extirpations in spatially proximate
 populations. Thus, virulent diseases may increase genetic diversity of
 host populations by creating vacant habitats that allow an influx of
 genetic diversity. Furthermore, even highly virulent diseases may not
 eliminate individuals randomly; rather, they may selectively remove the
 most inbred individuals.
description: genotypes_9loci_forDRYADThis is a Genepop-formatted file of black-tailed prairie dog genotypes at 9 microsatellite loci. Samples were collected in Boulder, Colorado, genotyped on a Licor 4200 gel sequencer and analyzed in the program GeneImagIR. The top 2 lines are comments, and the next 9 are locus names. Individuals that produced plague antibodies and survived until the next year are denoted with an asterisk.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s526b27
title: Data from: Environmental and evolutionary drivers of diversity patterns in the tea family (Theaceae s.s.) across China

description: Subtropical forest is recognized as an important global vegetation type
 with high levels of plant species richness. However, the mechanisms
 underlying its diversity remain poorly understood. Here, we assessed the
 roles of environmental drivers and evolutionary dynamics
 (time-for-speciation and diversification rate) in shaping species richness
 patterns across China for a major subtropical plant group, the tea family
 (Theaceae s.s.) (145 species), at several taxonomic scales. To this end,
 we assessed the relationships between species richness, key environmental
 variables (minimum temperature of the coldest month, mean annual
 precipitation, soil pH) and phylogenetic assemblage structure (net related
 index) by using non-spatial and spatial linear models. We found that
 species richness is significantly related to environmental variables,
 especially soil pH, which is negatively related to species richness both
 across the whole family and within the major tribe Theeae (116 species).
 Family-level species richness is unrelated to phylogenetic structure,
 whereas species richness in tribe Theeae was related to phylogenetic
 structure with U-shaped relationship, a more complex relation than
 predicted by the time-for-speciation or diversification rate hypotheses.
 Overall, these results suggest that both environmental and evolutionary
 factors play important roles in shaping species richness patterns within
 this subtropical plant family across China, with the latter mainly
 important at fine taxonomic scales. Most surprisingly, our findings show
 that soils can play a key role in shaping macro-scale diversity patterns,
 contrary to often-stated assumptions.
description: Data for analysis at the
 family and tribe level separately.family_tribe_data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bg15b
title: Data from: Testing range-limit hypotheses using range-wide habitat suitability and occupancy for the scarlet monkeyflower (Erythranthe cardinalis)

description: Determining the causes of geographic range limits is a fundamental problem
 in ecology, evolution, and conservation biology. Range limits arise due to
 fitness and dispersal limitation, which yield contrasting predictions
 about habitat suitability and occupancy of suitable habitat across
 geographic ranges. If a range edge is limited primarily by fitness,
 occupancy of suitable habitat should be high, habitat suitability should
 decline towards the edge, and no suitable habitat should exist beyond it.
 In contrast, a range edge limited primarily by dispersal should have
 unoccupied but suitable habitat at and beyond the edge. We built
 ecological niche models relating occurrence records for the scarlet
 monkeyflower (Erythranthe cardinalis) to climatic variables, and applied
 these models to independent data from systematic, range-wide surveys of
 presence and absence to estimate the availability and occupancy of
 climatically suitable habitat. We found that fitness limitation
 predominated over dispersal limitation, but dispersal limitation also
 played a role at the poleward edge. These results are consistent with the
 hypothesis that dispersal limitation is more important along shallow
 environmental gradients and also suggest that synergy between dispersal
 and fitness limitation can contribute to colonization failure. The
 framework used here is validated by independent data and could be readily
 applied to inferring causes of range limits in many other species.
description: Angertetal_AmNat_HabitatSuitabilityOccupancy_DryadPresence and presence/absence records used for distribution model building and hypothesis testing. Please see README for details.AngertOccMs_Dryad.xlsx