cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3904236
title: Supplementary data to: "Multi-isotopic and trace element evidence against different formation pathways for oyster microstructures"

description: Supplementary data to: "<em><strong>Multi-isotopic and trace element evidence against different formation pathways for oyster microstructures</strong></em>" This upload compiles supplementary methods and results belonging to the manuscript titled “<em>Multi-isotopic and trace element evidence against different formation pathways for oyster microstructures</em>” submitted to Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta and serves to provide additional information about the study not given in the main manuscript. The list in the document "Supplementary_Information.pdf" serves as a guideline for the reader to find the unprocessed data belonging to this manuscript in the online appendix.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21080854.v1
title: GIZ-GlobalProgram-FollowUpSurveyData-3487Households-8Countries.csv

description: Fully anonymized dataset of the 2018/2019 household survey carried out in target regions of the Global Program 'Food and Nutrition Security, Enhanced Resilience'. <br> The dataset includes data on multiple indicators of food and nutrition security (FIES, MDDW, MAD), socio-demographic data, agricultural system indicators, and a count of the number of development interventions that household members have joined over the course of the three year project preceding the survey. <br> The dataset includes 1647 targeted (beneficiary) households and 1440 control (non-beneficiary) households.
DOI: 10.25405/data.ncl.21931662
title: Raw data for evolving AVC controller

description: An Excel spreadsheet generated by the genetic algorithm (GA) program "GenAlgor4_1_5Arduino.m", which calls the Arduino Due program "ArduinoMatlabControllerV6_2.ino" to impliment hardware-in-the-loop active vibration control. <br> The spreadsheet contains raw data from a run of 250 generations of the GA optimising controller coefficients for active vibration control (AVC). The run in this file was for a population of 50 individuals, each of 60 x 4 bit genes. Breeding was by elite selection with double point crossover and 1% mutation. <br> The first six rows contain the GA set up: row 1: population size row 2: number of genes per chromosome (population member) row 3: number of bits per gene row 4: breeding selection type (1=elite, 2=roulette) row 5: breeding crossover type (1=single point, 2=double point or circular) row 6: mutation rate Rows 7 onwards give population genes and AVC results in each generation, sorted in order of performance index (PI) = fitness - cost 1st generation and thereafter every 10th generation are given in full. Other generations’ results are given only for the best, middle and worst individuals only. Each row gives the value of each gene, a number 0-15 for 4 bit genes, in columns A-BH for 60 genes. This is followed by three columns containing the AVC results: column BI: performance index = fitness - cost column BJ: amplitude returned from Arduino column BK: cost fitness = amplitude reduction - cost amplitude reduction = uncontrolled - AVC amplitude cost = sum of delay line coefficients × a constant <br>
DOI: 10.25405/data.ncl.21931662.v1
title: Raw data for evolving AVC controller

description: An Excel spreadsheet generated by the genetic algorithm (GA) program "GenAlgor4_1_5Arduino.m", which calls the Arduino Due program "ArduinoMatlabControllerV6_2.ino" to impliment hardware-in-the-loop active vibration control. <br> The spreadsheet contains raw data from a run of 250 generations of the GA optimising controller coefficients for active vibration control (AVC). The run in this file was for a population of 50 individuals, each of 60 x 4 bit genes. Breeding was by elite selection with double point crossover and 1% mutation. <br> The first six rows contain the GA set up: row 1: population size row 2: number of genes per chromosome (population member) row 3: number of bits per gene row 4: breeding selection type (1=elite, 2=roulette) row 5: breeding crossover type (1=single point, 2=double point or circular) row 6: mutation rate Rows 7 onwards give population genes and AVC results in each generation, sorted in order of performance index (PI) = fitness - cost 1st generation and thereafter every 10th generation are given in full. Other generations’ results are given only for the best, middle and worst individuals only. Each row gives the value of each gene, a number 0-15 for 4 bit genes, in columns A-BH for 60 genes. This is followed by three columns containing the AVC results: column BI: performance index = fitness - cost column BJ: amplitude returned from Arduino column BK: cost fitness = amplitude reduction - cost amplitude reduction = uncontrolled - AVC amplitude cost = sum of delay line coefficients × a constant <br>
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54
title: Pragmatic efficiency and text comprehension in L1 and L2 spoken and written communication
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p1
title: Title Page
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p3
title: Table of Contents
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p5
title: Preface
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p31
title: Blend recognizability in English as a foreign language. An experiment

description: Recognisability is one of the major constraints that most linguists place on lexical blends and their well-formedness. Blends indeed display an unpredictable output that is not transparently analysable into morphemes, and their source words are difficult to recognise for both hearers and readers. The possible combinatory patterns of the source lexemes, the different portions that are retained in the final blend, and their semantic contribution to the overall meaning increase the number of variables and classificatory criteria for blends, thus decreasing predictability of the output given an input. For students of EFL, lexical blends are even more difficult to access due to the fact that the language in which they are formed is not their native language. This paper reports on results from an experiment on 18 Italian students who were tested on English blends. The participants were asked to identify the source words and meanings of a number of blends selected according to different (phonological, morphotactic, semantic) criteria. The results of the experiment show that the recognisability of English lexical blends by Italian native speakers depends on 1) the type of characteristics that the blend displays (overlap between the source words, semantic weight of the source words, headedness, same prosodic structure as one of the source words), 2) the category (substitution vs. overlap, coordinate vs. attributive) to which the blend belongs, and 3) the context where it is used. In general, the experiment sheds some light on the type of processes (e.g., decomposition and textual reference) involved in the recognition and accessibility of English lexical blends.
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p53
title: Phrasal verbs in academic lectures. Some semantic and pragmatic insights from a corpus-assisted analysis

description: Phrasal verbs are notoriously challenging for L2 learners of English, especially when such composite structures are not present in their native languages. Features of phrasal verbs that can create considerable comprehension issues include varying degrees of semantic opaqueness and high levels of polysemy, as well as the dynamic nature through which new forms and meanings frequently emerge. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of phrasal verbs in academic lectures as a spoken genre that requires listeners to process complex and abstract content in real time. The transcripts of 15 multi-disciplinary lectures collected from the OpenCourseWare web sites of Yale University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology were analysed with corpus methods, including part-of-speech tagging, in order to shed light on the use of phrasal verbs in terms of forms, meanings, and patterns of usage, with a view to those that may be problematic for L2 listeners. Results showed that phrasal verbs were quite frequent, while also displaying substantial variation in form and with roughly half having figurative meanings. Further contextual analysis of figurative phrasal verbs revealed instances of pragmatic strengthening to both expand on core meanings and communicate speaker attitude. The article concludes with a discussion of the pedagogical implications of the analysis, with attention to strategies for helping L2 learners more effectively cope with the difficulties of phrasal verbs.
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p71
title: On the role of gestures in the comprehension of phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions in English: A case study comparing the performance of learners with and without dyslexia

description: This contribution focuses on the role of spontaneous gestures in the comprehension of co-occurring phrasal verbs and idiomatic expressions by learners of English as a foreign language. The hypothesis at the basis of the work is that iconic gestures may assist in the understanding of semantically opaque expressions not only learners with typical development, but also learners with developmental dyslexia, who tend to have greater difficulty in processing figurative language and pragmatic meanings. An experiment was run covering 11 not-fully compositional verbs and non-transparent idioms as linguistic stimuli accompanied by iconic and metaphoric gestures, which were taken from authentic audio-visual materials. Two groups of Italian students, with and without dyslexia and consisting of 23 members each, from undergraduate courses at the University of Pisa were recruited for the experiment. Each student was exposed to the same stimuli via two different modes, namely audio and video, following different orders of presentation. The results seem to support the initial hypothesis, as highlighted by the better performance elicited through the visual mode where gestures were clearly visible, especially when learners with dyslexia were involved. Consequently, the study provides evidence in favour of a multimodal orientation and use of correlated strategies in the learning/teaching of English as a foreign language in general, and even more so when learners with dyslexia are present.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7561741
title: Dataset related to: Add-On Cyclic Angiotensin-(1-7) with Cyclophosphamide Arrests Progressive Kidney Disease in Rats with ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis

description: The files contain all the dataset included in the manuscript divided by figures. Abstract: Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA-GN) is a major cause of renal failure. Current immunosuppressive therapies are associated with severe side effects, intensifying the need for new therapeutic strategies. The activation of Mas receptor/Angiotensin-(1-7) axis exerted renoprotection in chronic kidney disease.<br> Here, we investigated the effect of adding the lanthionine-stabilized cyclic form of angiotensin-1-7 [cAng-(1-7)] to cyclophosphamide in a rat model of ANCA-GN. At the onset of proteinuria,Wistar Kyoto rats with ANCA-GN received vehicle or a single bolus of cyclophosphamide, with or without daily cAng-(1-7). Treatment with cAng-(1-7) plus cyclophosphamide reduced proteinuria by 85% vs. vehicle, and by 60% vs. cyclophosphamide, and dramatically limited glomerular crescents to less than 10%. The addition of cAng-(1-7) to cyclophosphamide protected against glomerular inflammation and endothelial rarefaction and restored the normal distribution of parietal epithelial cells. Ultrastructural analysis revealed a preserved GBM, glomerular endothelium and podocyte structure, demonstrating that combination therapy provided an additional layer of renoprotection. This study demonstrates that adding cAng-(1-7) to a partially effective dose of cyclophosphamide arrests the progression of renal disease in rats with ANCA-GN, suggesting that cAng-(1-7) could be a novel clinical approach for sparing immunosuppressants.
description: {"references": ["Cerullo D, Rottoli D, Corna D, Abbate M, Benigni A, Remuzzi G, Zoja C. Add-On Cyclic Angiotensin-(1-7) with Cyclophosphamide Arrests Progressive Kidney Disease in Rats with ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis. Cells. 2022 Aug 5;11(15):2434"]}
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7561740
title: Dataset related to: Add-On Cyclic Angiotensin-(1-7) with Cyclophosphamide Arrests Progressive Kidney Disease in Rats with ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis

description: The files contain all the dataset included in the manuscript divided by figures. Abstract: Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA-GN) is a major cause of renal failure. Current immunosuppressive therapies are associated with severe side effects, intensifying the need for new therapeutic strategies. The activation of Mas receptor/Angiotensin-(1-7) axis exerted renoprotection in chronic kidney disease.<br> Here, we investigated the effect of adding the lanthionine-stabilized cyclic form of angiotensin-1-7 [cAng-(1-7)] to cyclophosphamide in a rat model of ANCA-GN. At the onset of proteinuria,Wistar Kyoto rats with ANCA-GN received vehicle or a single bolus of cyclophosphamide, with or without daily cAng-(1-7). Treatment with cAng-(1-7) plus cyclophosphamide reduced proteinuria by 85% vs. vehicle, and by 60% vs. cyclophosphamide, and dramatically limited glomerular crescents to less than 10%. The addition of cAng-(1-7) to cyclophosphamide protected against glomerular inflammation and endothelial rarefaction and restored the normal distribution of parietal epithelial cells. Ultrastructural analysis revealed a preserved GBM, glomerular endothelium and podocyte structure, demonstrating that combination therapy provided an additional layer of renoprotection. This study demonstrates that adding cAng-(1-7) to a partially effective dose of cyclophosphamide arrests the progression of renal disease in rats with ANCA-GN, suggesting that cAng-(1-7) could be a novel clinical approach for sparing immunosuppressants.
description: {"references": ["Cerullo D, Rottoli D, Corna D, Abbate M, Benigni A, Remuzzi G, Zoja C. Add-On Cyclic Angiotensin-(1-7) with Cyclophosphamide Arrests Progressive Kidney Disease in Rats with ANCA Associated Glomerulonephritis. Cells. 2022 Aug 5;11(15):2434"]}
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p95
title: Conceptual structures of extended metaphor in political discourse

description: The study aims at applying Kövecses' "multi-level view of conceptual metaphor" to extended metaphor. This model gives the possibility to explain systematically, from a cognitive point of view, the interactions and the relationships of the multiple micrometaphors contained within an extended metaphor. The idea is that the metaphors within the extended metaphor share the same image schema and domain in a scale of metaphorical conceptualisations, which goes from the most schematic level to the least schematic one. It is at the level of frames that the micrometaphors within the extended metaphor differ from each other and show their connections, because they elaborate different aspects of the same domain. The connections between the micrometaphors not only contribute to give cohesion and coherence to the text, but also allow the speaker to articulate the speech in an effective and comprehensible manner, and the addressee to better understand the message conveyed by the metaphor. In order to give empirical substance to my claim, Kövecses' model is applied to a series of extended metaphors found in everyday language and political discourse. In particular, to Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I have a dream" speech.
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p111
title: Reinterpretation processes and humour understanding in English-speaking young adults with dyslexia

description: The aim of this study is to assess whether and how lexical and syntactic ambiguity are resolved in jokes by readers with and without dyslexia. This research focuses specifically on an important phenomenon of language comprehension, i.e., the ability to access word meaning quickly and effortlessly in sentences which, in this specific work, are made more challenging by the presence of "lexical and syntactic ambiguity". The present study addresses the ambiguity in punchlines from a semantic perspective with the aim of showing how different types of ambiguity are perceived by readers and how they reanalyse jokes by considering their ambiguous forms. This work focuses on homonymy in jokes where the humorous effect is triggered by words whose disambiguation does not involve a change of word class (i.e., "bat" has two meanings that belong to the same word class, both are nouns) and words whose disambiguation instead requires a change in word class (i.e., "seal" has two meanings that belong to two different word classes, noun and verb).
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p131
title: Rating impoliteness in EFL: Results from an experiment with TV series

description: This contribution is part of a wider project aimed at ascertaining the merits of explicit teaching of pragmatic issues in EFL classes. More specifically, after reflecting on the importance of teaching pragmatics, and (im)politeness in particular, especially to advanced learners of English, the result of an experiment carried out with different groups of EFL students are discussed, with a view to understanding to what extent they understand (im)politeness and how they perceive its different nuances in interaction, without having received any formal instruction on the topic. By using excerpts from the TV series Sherlock (2010-2017), whose main character is a trigger for face-threatening acts, respondents with different backgrounds, levels of language competence, and different inputs (audio-visual or just audio, both integrated by the transcription of the dialogues) were asked to recognise and rate impoliteness. The students involved, who had not been taught (im)politeness explicitly, were proposed different situations, which they were asked to rate in terms of impoliteness, using Lickert scales. They were also asked to describe the characters involved in every interaction through adjectives.
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p155
title: L'analyse du texte écrit: Quelle efficacité pragmatique en français L2?

description: Our article aims to analyze the pragmatic effectiveness of texts written in French as a second language (L2) by Italian-speaking university readers with previous knowledge of the foreign language. The case study, carried out on 106 texts, reveals the influence of the native language on the L2, both for reading comprehension and for writing tasks. Being familiar with the topic, being able to exploit research tools and having lexical competence affect pragmatic effectiveness and guarantee an interactive approach, favoring the activation of the interaction between reader, text and context. Thus, during their writing task, readers will merge illocutionary competence (ability to produce speech acts) with socio-linguistic competence (choice of vocabulary suited to the context) to achieve pragmatic effectiveness. The analysed data, along with a supplementary questionnaire on the strategies used in understanding and text production, will shed some light on the mechanisms chosen by the typically-developing reader student to satisfy the request (answering some questions) and on the difficulties that hamper the passage from efficiency to pragmatic effectiveness. In fact, according to the findings, authentic and reader-oriented production, which departs from the words in the text, and which is based on a principle of lexical compensation, seems to be rarely adopted by students. Why? How can we favor this kind of production? At the end of the article, we try to answer the questions raised.
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p171
title: Diferenças e semelhanças nos aspectos da compreensão textual dos aprendizes italófonos de português língua de herança (PLH) e língua estrangeira

description: The paper explores the reading comprehension performance of Italian-speaking university students learning Portuguese as a foreign language (PLE), to compare it with the reading comprehension of Italian-Portuguese bilingual young people who speak Portuguese as a heritage language (PLH). Our paper discusses the possibility of using the cloze test as a tool to assess reading comprehension and, more specifically, to understand the similarities and differences between these two categories of participants in relation to the pragmatics required for the correct understanding of a written text. The aim is to understand the sensitivity of the cloze test to verify syntactic and lexical proficiency, within the linguistic and non-linguistic variables.
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p195
title: Reading comprehension in young adult learners of English with and without dyslexia

description: Reading comprehension skills are essential for academic success and social inclusion. Although word-level decoding difficulties are the distinctive marker of dyslexia at all ages, issues with text understanding are considered a common secondary consequence of the primary deficit. The study investigates such issues in young adult learners of English. More specifically it explores whether, given their characteristic cognitive and communicative profile, the type of questions (i.e., factual vs. inferential questions) and the language of the text (i.e., L1 vs. English as a foreign language) may be factors of increased difficulty for learners with this condition and may consequently result in reduced accuracy. Data point to significant differences between the focus and the control group with respect to inferential processing of texts. Neurotypical learners were found to systematically outperform their dyslexic peers in accurately answering questions relying on either local or global coherence inferencing, and their performance was less influenced by reading in a foreign language. Pedagogical implications are discussed, and suggestions for future research are made.
DOI: 10.1285/i22390359v54p223
title: Dyslexia and vocabulary depth in EFL text comprehension

description: The study offers a retrospective analysis of data collected from reading comprehension activities of two groups of English foreign language (EFL) learners, one with and one without dyslexia. The aim of the investigation was to verify whether vocabulary depth corresponds to greater accuracy in answering factual and inferential questions in the two groups. The hypothesis was that depth would be associated with better comprehension even in dyslexic readers' performance, which was generally poorer than that of the control group. In fact, this was only confirmed for high-range focus words, that is, words that were more deeply known to the participants according to an adapted Word Associates Test. Variable outcomes were observed for mid- and low-range words. A qualitative analysis of the unexpected results was carried out which led to the identification of several factors hindering text comprehension by dyslexic readers. These include a difficulty in selecting the relevant sense of focus words in contexts in which competing elements coexist and a negative interaction between lexical and pragmatic-inferential processing.