cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/83aece7c-6ff0-4414-87ce-71ba27083b92
title: Hypolimnion temperature and oxygen data from Windermere North Basin, UK, 2005-2009

description: This is part of a long-term monitoring dataset from fortnightly sampling at the North Basin of Windermere in Cumbria, England. The data have been collected by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH). The data available to download comprise hypolimnion temperature (TEMP) in degree Celsius, and hypolimnion dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) in mg per litre. All data have been measured in a depth of 60 to 62 m. All data are from January 2005 until the end of 2009.

This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.
description: Please note that the data presented here are raw data that have not yet been quality controlled and calibrated. However, data has been double entered and checked visually. Missing data are due to weather conditions or staff shortage.
Measurements are made from a boat at a marked location (buoy) at the deepest part of the lake.
DOI: 10.5285/9115bc7a-adb6-4a3c-8506-32d0b39bcf6f
title: Water chemistry and algal pigments from dust leaching and dust addition experiments and from lake sediment cores in Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland, 2017-2018

description: These data are derived from a dust leaching experiment, an in-lake mesocosm experiment and from sediment cores obtained from lakes in the Kangerlussuaq area of West Greenland. The dust leaching experiment was set up in 2017 and the data show which elements and ions were leached from dust into different types of waters. The in-lake mesocosm experiment applied dust over a two week period in July 2018 resulting in chemical and algal pigment data. Data on chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments are presented from sediment cores sampled from six lakes 2017 and sectioned into 0.5-1cm intervals.

description: The dataset contains results from experiments and sediment core analyses from Kangerlussuaq in West Greenland. 
A leaching experiment where dust was added to different types of water to compare with a control where no dust was added. The leaching experiment was conducted in Greenland and the chemical composition of the leachates from the treatments was sampled at various time intervals and analysed by ICP-MS at the British Geological Survey laboratories. 
A second field experiment was conducted in three lakes in Greenland, applying dust to mesocosm enclosures to compare against a control with no dust. Water chemistry was measured at the start and end of the experiment in the field or in the laboratory at Kangerlussuaq International Science Support. Algae from the water and lake bottom was also measured at the University of Nottingham using HPLC pigment analysis. 
Sediment cores were sampled from six lakes in Greenland in 2017, and sections downcore were analysed for chlorophyll and carotenoid pigments using HPLC at the University of Nottingham.
DOI: 10.5285/093d6938-39f5-414d-b638-7d18e6dc52d3
title: Chytrid fungus infection data in multi-host mesocosm communities

description: Data were generated from a mesocosm experiment  to determine the extent to which non-reservoir hosts impact the maintenance and transmission of infections from parasites supported by reservoir hosts.  The three host species were salamanders, Tree frogs (Hyla meridiensis) and Spiny toads (Bufo spinosus). The infection used was Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd).

The experiment was executed in the late summer of 2017, at the Centre for Captive Breeding of Threatened Amphibians, located in Rascafria, Spain. 
description: The experiment quantified Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) infection dynamics in experimental host communities that varied in relative abundances of three host species that co-occur in the park: salamanders, Tree frogs (Hyla meridiensis), and Spiny toads (Bufo spinosus). There were five treatments total: 

(i) control - 24 salamanders only;
(ii) 2 species with toads - 12 salamanders and 12 toads;
(iii) 2 species with frogs - 12 salamanders and 12 frogs;
(iv) 3 species non-random - 12 salamanders, 6 toads, and 6 frogs; 
(v) 3 species random - relative abundances of salamanders, toads, and frogs chosen at random.
DOI: 10.5285/0a443a55-28b6-4d82-9042-5a35bfdbebe0
title: Enchytraeid worm abundance and delta 13C cholesterol data from Sourhope field experiment site, Scotland, 2000 [NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme]

description: This dataset comprises enchytraeid worm abundance and Delta 13C values from enchytraeid cholesterol.  The data were collected as a component of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme, consisting of a one year study of the diversity and activity of Enchytraeid worms, small relatives of the earthworm. These worms are very common in upland soils and often outweigh all other fauna, including sheep.  The project focused on investigating the importance of Enchytraeid species, or group diversity, in maintaining soil carbon cycling.

The NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute)'s farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders.  During this time, the site was monitored to assess changes in aboveground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity). 
description: Data were collected as part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, which was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (MLURI) (now the James Hutton Institute)'s farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT85451963). Soil samples were collected by students and staff at the experimental site in 2000 before being processed according to standard protocols. Data were then transferred to the programme data manager at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
DOI: 10.5285/2d023ce9-6dbe-4b4f-a0cd-34768e1455ae
title: Woodlands survey flora data 1971-2001

description: This dataset consists of the vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens recorded in plots in 103 woodland sites surveyed across Great Britain in 1971 and again over the growing seasons of 2000, 2002 and 2003 (referred to as '2001 survey'), using exactly the same field methods.  Data were collected under projects managed by The Nature Conservancy (in 1971) and the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (in 2001).  
description: Data were collected from 103 woodlands by field surveyors employed by The Nature Conservancy, Merlewood Research Station, Cumbria (in 1971) and employed under a project managed by the  Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (in 2000-2003). Extensive training was undertaken by surveyors. Collected data were double punched into spreadsheets as a form of quality control.  Data collected are available as four separate datasets: flora data, soil data, tree diameter data and site details.
DOI: 10.5285/5b5a13b6-2304-47e3-9c9d-35237d1232c6
title: Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2021

description: Here, we present a comprehensive traits database for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland. The database covers 968 species in 21 families. Ecological traits fall into four main categories: life cycle ecology and phenology, host plant specificity and characteristics, breeding habitat, and morphological characteristics. The database also contains data regarding species distribution, conservation status, and temporal trends for abundance and occupancy. This database can be used for a wide array of purposes including further fundamental research on species and community responses to environmental change, conservation and management studies, and evolutionary biology.

A more recent version of the dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5285/dbc7cc17-cbbd-49dd-bab4-8e8855768d66 entitled 'Traits data for the butterflies and macro-moths of Great Britain and Ireland, 2024'.
description: Data were collected from a range of locations including published journal articles, identification and field guides, books, reports and websites. In some cases expert opinion was sought for clarification, particularly in relation to habitat variables.
DOI: 10.5285/2702e1b0-13df-4ae4-9f91-4ac4bd07bbf1
title: Metaschoepite dissolution in sediment column systems – groundwater/soil geochemistry and uranium X-ray spectroscopy data

description: This dataset contains the results of a laboratory study investigating the dissolution of UO3•nH2O particles in dynamic sediment/groundwater column systems, representative of the shallow subsurface at the Sellafield Ltd. site, UK. 

Measurements were carried out to determine the extent of uranic particle dissolution and the speciation of dissolved uranium within the columns under contrasting biogeochemical conditions (oxic and electron-donor amended). Columns effluents were analysed periodically for key biogeochemical indicators (nitrate, sulfate) and trace metals (iron, manganese, uranium) and systems were sacrificed after 6 and 12 months of groundwater flow. Upon sacrifice, columns were cross-sectioned, and the sediment structure preserved for synchrotron micro-focus X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) mapping, and uranium L-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) measurements. Sub-samples of column sediments were also analysed for acid extractable metals, microbial abundance and classification and bioavailable Fe(II) concentrations. 

Experiments were performed between March 2016 and March 2017. Subsequent analyses were performed between March 2017 and December 2018. 

This data was collected as part of the project: Understanding radioactive ‘hot’ particle evolution in the environment funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (grant NE/M014088/1). 
description: Laboratory measurements were carried out at the Centre for Radiochemistry Research and the Williamson Research Centre at the University of Manchester, UK. Synchrotron data were collected at Diamond Light Source, UK (beamlines I18, B18 and I14) and the Swiss Light Source (beamline X05-LA) under allocations SP15085, SP17270, SP13559, SP18053-1, and 20170741.

A detailed description of the datasets, including methodology and discussion of the findings can be found in the following peer-reviewed article:
DOI: 10.5285/2effc7c4-82c8-4000-af8d-fdf82b1c3192
title: Metal and metalloid concentrations in the livers of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) from England and Wales

description: Dataset includes dry weight concentrations of 18 toxic, essential and trace elements quantified in the livers of otters that have been found dead in England and Wales between 2007 and 2009 inclusive. For each otter the month and year found, age, sex, body condition coefficient and location where the otter was found are given. Most elements were measured in 157 samples that came from the years 2007 to 2009. Residues of Pb were only measured in 107 samples from 2007 and 2008. 17 livers from 2009 were analysed for Ag. The data are used to quantify the magnitude of exposure to these elements in otters in relation to studies from across Europe and the likely toxicological significance of the residues found. This work has been carried out within the monitoring programme of the Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme (PBMS) (https://pbms.ceh.ac.uk ), a long-term, national monitoring scheme that quantifies the concentrations of contaminants in the livers and eggs of selected species of predatory and fish-eating birds in Britain. The PBMS monitors the levels of contaminants to determine how and why they vary between species and regions, how they are changing over time, and the effects that they may have on individual birds and on their populations. The Predatory Bird Monitoring Scheme is run by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH). This work was carried out in collaboration with the Cardiff University Otter Project.
description: Carcasses were stored frozen at -18 degrees C prior to examination by the Cardiff University Otter Project (http://www.otterproject.cf.ac.uk/ ). During a post mortem examination the age (classified as adult, sub-adult and juvenile) and sex of the animal were determined. In addition a range of biometric observations were recorded including body length and weight which were used to determine the body condition coefficient (K) according to Kruuk and Conroy (1991). A sub-sample of the liver was taken and stored at -18 degrees C prior to analysis by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. A 1g wet weight sample of each liver was microwave-digested in 10ml of 70% J.T.Baker ULTREX II grade nitric acid (Avantor Performance Materials, London, UK) in a microwave digestion system (200 degrees C for 15 minutes). Digested samples were then made up to 25ml using de-ionized water (grade), then further diluted ten-fold, using de-ionized water, immediately prior to analysis by inductively couple plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The ICPMS was pre-conditioned with 10% (v/v) nitric acid until the background signal stabilised and a correction factor was applied to resultant Ag concentration to account for signal interferences from zirconium oxide. Moisture content of the sample was determined by drying a 0.5g sub-sample at 70 degrees C for 48 hours. Dry weight concentrations were calculated based upon the wet weight of the analysed sample and the moisture content of the sub-sample.
DOI: 10.5285/4fecb4cc-e751-4752-9687-09ef92626f63
title: Experimental data on the interaction of flow with a permeable bed and biofilms

description: These data were collected from a preliminary investigation on the interaction between turbulence and biofilms, using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique, which provides spatially- and temporally-resolved velocity vector fields in water for different flow configurations. Seventeen different experiments were conducted with different boundary conditions for each one. The biofilm was developed on a 30-cm-long section permeable bed, the biofilm-covered section was then placed in the water channel test section for flow experiments.  Flow rate was regulated by a variable frequency drive controlling the pump speed. Data was recorded at four pump frequencies.
description: The raw Particle Imaging Velocimetry  images were processed in LaVision DaVis 8.2 using a sequential cross-correlation algorithm with a final interrogation window size of 642 pixels with 50% overlap, resulting in a vector field resolution of ~0.44 mm and a vector grid spacing of ~0.22 mm.
DOI: 10.5285/0dc1cdab-0f4f-4564-a863-a4b43335a5d7
title: Growing season terrestrial methane static chamber fluxes from Abisko, Northern Sweden (June - September 2013)

description: This dataset contains calculated terrestrial fluxes of methane using static chambers from Stordalen mire, a subarctic peatland (68°20’ N, 19°03’ E) located near Abisko, Northern Sweden . Measurements were carried out during growing season 2013 in three measurement campaigns: 16-27 June (number of sampling occasions, n, = 4), 11-22 August (n=5) and 16-29 September (n=5 for wetland and 4 for birch forest). A total of 60 static chambers were measured, 14 within the birch forest and 46 within the wetland. In addition to fluxes auxiliary measurements such as air and soil temperature, soil moisture and soil nutrients were taken and the vegetation composition was recorded.

The data was collected as part of the MAMM project (Methane and other greenhouse gases in the Arctic: Measurements, process studies and Modelling, http://arp.arctic.ac.uk/projects/) funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (grant NE/I029293/1).
description: The data were collected using the static chamber method. Gas samples were taken from chambers in the field via syringe and injected into vials for storage and later analysis. Samples were analysed on a gas chromatagraph (GC) in the lab. Concentrations were calculated from GC peak areas, calibrated against standard gases of known concentration. Fluxes were calculated from the concentration change in each chamber by linear and non-linear regression using the R package RCflux. Fluxes are expressed as nmoles of methane per square metre per second. Each flux has an associated 95 % confidence interval, based on the regression fit, which gives a guide to the reliability and uncertainty of each measurement.
DOI: 10.5285/53b4ec90-cb8a-49c6-a6f9-18a77f980b0f
title: Cellulolytic decomposition in Welsh upland rivers in response to organic matter addition (2013)

description: These data are cellulolytic decomposition in eight Welsh upland rivers with contrasting land-use, moorland and exotic conifer, in response to riparian deciduous leaf addition. Eight sampling reaches were chosen at two sites, Llyn Brianne (4 reaches) and Plynlimon (4 reaches). The experiment consisted of adding deciduous leaves to half of the reaches whilst the other half were maintained as a control (no addition of deciduous leaves). To characterise the cellulolytic decomposition of the studied streams, cotton strips were placed and then collected during January 2013 (before deciduous leaf addition) and March 2013 (after deciduous leaf addition) in each sampling reach. 

The main goal of this survey was to examine how aquatic biodiversity and litter decomposition respond to leaf addition in moorland and conifer forested rivers. Dr Isabelle Durance was responsible for organising the surveys, Dr Dan Perkins was in charge of collecting, processing and sorting the samples. The work was carried out under Diversity in Upland Rivers for Ecosystem Service Sustainability (DURESS) project (Grant reference NERC NE/J014818/1). DURESS was a project funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Sustainability (BESS) programme. 

description: Each stream was divided into an upstream control zone and a downstream experimental zone. Samples of algal biofilm were collected from tiles previously placed on each sampling site. Deciduous leaves were added directly to the stream and by fixing 'Onion bags' of leaves the stream bed and bank. Samples were collected two occasions, January (3-16/01/2013), and March (11-14/03/2013) in all the streams in both the upstream reference zones and downstream experimental zones. Six experimental units (cotton strips) were placed randomly in each reach of the experimental sites before and after the manipulation. At the end of the 'before' (T1) and after (T2) experimental periods, strips were recovered from the streams and frozen immediately at ~20 degrees Celsius. Back at the laboratory calico strips were rinsed thoroughly in tap water and oven dried to constant mass at 65 degrees Celsius and the tensile strength was measured using a Hounsfield machine (Maywood Instruments Ltd., Basingstoke, UK) with a 25 kN load cell and 40 mm test gap (after Jenkins et al. 2013). One estimate of breaking strain was obtained per strip. Three untreated strips (which were also rinsed thoroughly in tap water after being taken to the field and returned, then oven dried to constant mass before tensile strength testing) were used as controls for any loss of strength from transport and washing in tap water.
DOI: 10.5285/5bf972a8-c9a3-4721-8089-552dfe3ff124
title: Projected national-level climate change impacts on terrestrial mammals and birds, and projected global transboundary range shifts by 2070

description: This dataset is derived from modelled changes to the distributions of >12,700 terrestrial mammal and bird species under four different climate scenarios, projected to 2070. It contains national-level projections of species richness change under each climate scenario, based on species' modelled climatic niches, as well as projected range shifts in relation to political borders globally.
description: Data were generated using ensemble Species Distribution Models, trained on five climatic predictor variables and projected using future climate data from three general circulation models. Species distributions were modelled at a half-degree resolution. We followed best-practice guidelines for creating the models, and validated the projections using ten-fold cross validation with present climate data. These methods have been peer-reviewed and are widely used. Data were checked for errors before publication. See supporting documentation for more information.
DOI: 10.5285/8ec2d5ae-5d19-4b58-8cf6-aafdad485bb2
title: Topsoil nitrogen concentration estimates from the Countryside Survey of Great Britain, 2007 using a generalized additive model

description: This dataset presents modelled estimates of soil nitrogen concentration (% dry weight soil) at 1km2 resolution across Great Britain. A Generalized Additive Model approach was used with Countryside Survey soil nitrogen data from 2007 and including climate, atmospheric deposition, habitat, soil and spatial predictors. The model is based on soil nitrogen data from 913 locations across Great Britain and is representative of 0-15 cm soil depth. Soil N concentration was determined using a total elemental analyser. The Countryside Survey looks at a range of physical, chemical and biological properties of the topsoil from a representative sample of habitats across the UK. 

This work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council award number NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCAPE programme delivering National Capability.
description: The data used to model soil nitrogen concentration are taken from the Countryside Survey. The technical reports by Emmett et al. (2010) present full methodological details for the Countryside Survey soil sampling and analytical processes, and can be found at: http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/9354/1/CS_UK_2007_TR9.pdf.