DOI: 10.16904/envidat.337
title: Data on wild bee taxonomic and functional diversity in Switzerland

description: Raw data supporting the paper "Countrywide wild bee taxonomic and functional diversity reveal a spatial mismatch between alpha and beta-diversity facets across multiple ecological gradients". It contains taxonomic and functional metrics in 3343 community-plots distributed across Switzerland. The calculated metrics are:
- Alpha taxonomic community metrics: species richness and Shannon diversity
- Alpha functional community metrics: Functional richness (using the Trait Onion Peeling index, TOP), functional eveness (using the Trait Even Distribution index, TED) and the functional dispersion.
- Community weighted means of 8 functional traits 
- The local community contributions on the functional and taxonomic beta diversity (LCBD).
The dataset also includes the following:
- The used predictors to model the spatial distribution of the community metrics (climate PCA, vegetation PCA, land-use metrics, beekeeping intensity).
-The three types of protected areas, defined according to the protective measures.
- The model evaluation, variable importance and partial dependece data.
description: Resource Title: Taxonomic and functional metrics in the community plots
 Size: 937285 bytes
 Format: text/plain
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/c3856c2f-33da-4b5e-a54a-990297987e74/download/diversity_data_complete.txt
 Description: Response data used for the modeling.
Lat: latitude community plot
Lon: longitude community plot
Richness: species richness 
Shannon: Shannon diversity index 
FDis: functional dispersion 
TOP: Trait Onion Peeling (functional richness)
TED: Trait Even Distribution (functional evenness)
LCBD_taxo: local community contributions to taxonomic beta diversity 
LCBD_fun: local community contributions to functional beta diversity
ITD: community weighted means inter-tegula distance
feeding_specialization: community weighted means feeding specialization 
tong_length: community weighted means tongue length
phenostart: community weighted means start of the phenology
phenoduration: community weighted means duration of the phenoloy
cleptoparasite: community weighted means cleptoparasites
belowgound: community weighted means proportion belowground
solitary: community weighted means proportion solitary
description: Resource Title: Protected areas
 Size: 1627789 bytes
 Format: application/x-zip-compressed
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/49c05193-0e66-47d7-8374-3e1883621f04/download/pa.zip
 Description: Protected areas considered, divided in three groups and rasters: protected areas sensu stricto, protected areas sensu lato and all protected areas
description: Resource Title: Variable importance, model evaluation, partial dependence plots
 Size: 245681 bytes
 Format: application/x-zip-compressed
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/221fbcd3-22dd-42d1-801b-de7136611517/download/variable_importance_pdp_evaluation.zip
 Description: The compress file containes a set of txt files with the variable importance, the model evaluation metrics and the partial dependence plots of each of the responses used (alpha and beta taxonomic and functional diversity metrics; community weighted means of 8 functional traits)
description: Resource Title: Spatial environmental predictors and responses
 Size: 984006661 bytes
 Format: application/x-zip-compressed
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/36017634-948d-4bf1-a4e1-c547af9e4d93/download/spatial_predictors_responses.zip
 Description: The .zip file contains the rasters of the environmental predictors and the predicted responses:
- **Environmental predictors.**:

 - The raster on the climate contains the PCA axes on the CHELSA variables.

 - The raster on resource availability contains the PCA axes on plant communities

 - The raster on land-use contains the land-use composition at 2500 m.

 - The raster on beekeeping intensity contains thedensity of hives within 2500 m

- **Responses**: 
- The predicted responses (alpha and beta taxonomic and functional metrics and the traits) without masking the waterbodies, used in the analyses (Diversity_stack_revised_Selected_descriptors.tif). It contains a stack of 20 responses in this order: "belowgound", "cleptoparasite","FDis", "feeding_specialization", "FEve", "FRic", "InvSimpson", "ITD","LCBD_fun" ,"LCBD_taxo","phenoduration", "phenostart", "Rao", "Richness", "Shannon", "Simpson","solitary", "TED", "tong_length", "TOP". "FEve", "FRic", "InvSimpson","Rao", "Simpson" were not included in the linked paper.

- The predicted responses (alpha and beta taxonomic and functional metrics and the traits) masking the waterbodies (masked.stack.all.diversity.tiff). It includes a stack of 15 responses (excludes "FEve", "FRic", "InvSimpson","Rao", "Simpson").
description: Resource Title: Elevation and waterbodies
 Size: 10222802 bytes
 Format: application/x-zip-compressed
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/3b569121-6eb6-4b44-a703-2abad45c0c56/download/elevation_waterbodies.zip
 Description: Zip file containing two rasters: the digital elevation model of Switzerland and the waterbodies of Switzerland.
description: Resource Title: Wild bee trait data
 Size: 48679 bytes
 Format: text/plain
 URL: https://www.envidat.ch/dataset/89138c9e-5bf6-4ef5-b8d2-d73f20b8b6de/resource/f466af1e-3644-420d-8346-b6f0e9a42281/download/19012023_bee_traits_selected.txt
 Description: Text file containing the scores of the 8 used traits. The data originates from the European trait database (compiler: Stuart Roberts; pollinator loss module of the EU- FP6 ALARM project).