cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011274
title: Mechanized fertilization: individual application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sugarcane

description: ABSTRACT With the expansion of areas of sugarcane cultivation, mechanised fertilisation is essential for providing improved operational performance, optimising the supply of nutrients and increasing productivity. However, this type of fertilisation may present deficiencies in the area of distribution, such as fluidity, separation, and particle size, among others. A new concept in fertilisation is therefore being developed, capable of carrying out the individual application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, distributing these in various doses, with greater efficiency of application, employing precision farming and variable rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the individual mechanised fertilisation of NPK in ratoon cane by means of Statistical Quality Control - SQC. The experiment was carried out in the city of Matão, in the State of São Paulo, with the experimental area making up part of the Cascavel Farm. The experimental design was based on the basic premise of spatial SQC, monitoring the individual mechanised fertilisation of NPK at 30 sampling points. For this treatment, the lots were composed of six rows of sugarcane, spaced 1.5 m apart, with an effective area of 1,571 m2. There was a sampling point every 30 m, where fertiliser was collected for 5 seconds. The helical metering system especially affected operational quality, as this was inefficient in its distribution. It was concluded that, due to adjustment of the helical metering system, individual application resulted in doses above those recommended for all fertilisers. Nitrogen (protected urea) showed the greatest variability in distribution, whereas phosphorus (MAP) displayed the highest operating quality due to the lower recommended volume.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011274.v1
title: Mechanized fertilization: individual application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in sugarcane

description: ABSTRACT With the expansion of areas of sugarcane cultivation, mechanised fertilisation is essential for providing improved operational performance, optimising the supply of nutrients and increasing productivity. However, this type of fertilisation may present deficiencies in the area of distribution, such as fluidity, separation, and particle size, among others. A new concept in fertilisation is therefore being developed, capable of carrying out the individual application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, distributing these in various doses, with greater efficiency of application, employing precision farming and variable rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the individual mechanised fertilisation of NPK in ratoon cane by means of Statistical Quality Control - SQC. The experiment was carried out in the city of Matão, in the State of São Paulo, with the experimental area making up part of the Cascavel Farm. The experimental design was based on the basic premise of spatial SQC, monitoring the individual mechanised fertilisation of NPK at 30 sampling points. For this treatment, the lots were composed of six rows of sugarcane, spaced 1.5 m apart, with an effective area of 1,571 m2. There was a sampling point every 30 m, where fertiliser was collected for 5 seconds. The helical metering system especially affected operational quality, as this was inefficient in its distribution. It was concluded that, due to adjustment of the helical metering system, individual application resulted in doses above those recommended for all fertilisers. Nitrogen (protected urea) showed the greatest variability in distribution, whereas phosphorus (MAP) displayed the highest operating quality due to the lower recommended volume.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011276
title: Artificial light and growth regulators on the in vitro etiolation of Cattleya labiata

description: ABSTRACT The technique of etiolation is widely used in the micropropagation of various plant species. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and development in shoots of Cattleya labiata grown in vitro, as a function of growth regulators and the presence and absence of light. Stem segments, approximately ± 1.0 cm in height, were inoculated in test tubes containing 15.0 mL of MS culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP (0.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1) and NAA (0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1), and in different growth environments (growth room, darkness and a photoperiod of 16 hours) in a completely randomised design. At 150 days, the following were evaluated: a) number of etiolated shoots; b) number of nodes per etiolated shoot; c) length of stem segment (cm); d) number of roots; and e) total seedling dry weight (g). The highest mean values were achieved with the use of 4.0 mg L-1 BAP and 1.0 mg L-1 NAA for the number of etiolated shoots, and 2.0 mg L-1 NAA for the number of nodes per etiolated shoot in the absence of light. The length of stem segment was greater in the absence of light; in contrast, the number of roots and the total seedling dry weight were greater in a bright environment, irrespective of the growth regulator added to the culture medium. The etiolation of stem segments is a viable technique, as it provides features that are advantageous in the in vitro multiplication stage of the species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011276.v1
title: Artificial light and growth regulators on the in vitro etiolation of Cattleya labiata

description: ABSTRACT The technique of etiolation is widely used in the micropropagation of various plant species. The aim of this study was to evaluate growth and development in shoots of Cattleya labiata grown in vitro, as a function of growth regulators and the presence and absence of light. Stem segments, approximately ± 1.0 cm in height, were inoculated in test tubes containing 15.0 mL of MS culture medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP (0.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg L-1) and NAA (0.0, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L-1), and in different growth environments (growth room, darkness and a photoperiod of 16 hours) in a completely randomised design. At 150 days, the following were evaluated: a) number of etiolated shoots; b) number of nodes per etiolated shoot; c) length of stem segment (cm); d) number of roots; and e) total seedling dry weight (g). The highest mean values were achieved with the use of 4.0 mg L-1 BAP and 1.0 mg L-1 NAA for the number of etiolated shoots, and 2.0 mg L-1 NAA for the number of nodes per etiolated shoot in the absence of light. The length of stem segment was greater in the absence of light; in contrast, the number of roots and the total seedling dry weight were greater in a bright environment, irrespective of the growth regulator added to the culture medium. The etiolation of stem segments is a viable technique, as it provides features that are advantageous in the in vitro multiplication stage of the species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011277.v1
title: Biological differences and unilateral cross-protection between biotypes of Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus

description: ABSTRACT Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) are two agricultural crops of considerable economic importance in Northeastern Brazil. Fruit woodiness caused by isolates of Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus biotype P (CABMV-P) is the most important virus disease that occurs on passion fruit in Brazil and the biotype cowpea (CABMV-C) is responsible for the most common and important virus disease of cowpea in Northeastern Brazil. The objective of the present research was to determine the biological relationships between isolates of biotype CABMV-C obtained from cowpea (CABMV-CFor and CABMV-CBv) and isolates of biotype CABMV-P obtained from passion fruit (CABMV-PMild and CABMV-PSevere) in common hosts. In host range studies involving 25 plant species only Canavalia ensiformis and Macroptilium lathyroides were shown to be common systemic hosts for all virus isolates. Cross protection studies were developed between CABMV-PMild and CABMV-PSevere in passion fruit and between CABMV-PSevere and CABMV-CFor in C. ensiformis. Unilateral cross protection was detected between CABMV-PSevere and CABMV-CFor in C. ensiformis, but CABMV-PMild did not cross protect passion fruit against CABMV-PSevere.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011277
title: Biological differences and unilateral cross-protection between biotypes of Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus

description: ABSTRACT Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) and cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) are two agricultural crops of considerable economic importance in Northeastern Brazil. Fruit woodiness caused by isolates of Cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus biotype P (CABMV-P) is the most important virus disease that occurs on passion fruit in Brazil and the biotype cowpea (CABMV-C) is responsible for the most common and important virus disease of cowpea in Northeastern Brazil. The objective of the present research was to determine the biological relationships between isolates of biotype CABMV-C obtained from cowpea (CABMV-CFor and CABMV-CBv) and isolates of biotype CABMV-P obtained from passion fruit (CABMV-PMild and CABMV-PSevere) in common hosts. In host range studies involving 25 plant species only Canavalia ensiformis and Macroptilium lathyroides were shown to be common systemic hosts for all virus isolates. Cross protection studies were developed between CABMV-PMild and CABMV-PSevere in passion fruit and between CABMV-PSevere and CABMV-CFor in C. ensiformis. Unilateral cross protection was detected between CABMV-PSevere and CABMV-CFor in C. ensiformis, but CABMV-PMild did not cross protect passion fruit against CABMV-PSevere.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011279
title: Agronomic performance in radish fertilised with Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. in two growing seasons

description: ABSTRACT Agronomic indicators were evaluated in radish fertilised with different amounts of biomass from Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. (known locally as Flor-de-seda) incorporated into the soil at different times, and grown in two seasons (spring and autumn-winter), in the town of Serra Talhada, in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with the treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replications, the first factor comprising the amounts of biomass of C. procera (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15 6 t ha-1 on a dry basis) and the second, the times of incorporation (0, 10, 20 and 30 days before sowing the radish). The following characteristics were determined in the radish: plant height, number of leaves per plant, root diameter, fresh and dry tuberous root weight, and fresh commercial root weight. Maximum radish yield was obtained with 15.6 t ha-1 of C. procera biomass incorporated into the soil. The supply of nutrients from the green manure, and the period of maximum demand by the radish, were seen to be in sync for the incorporation time of 22 days before planting. Cultivation in the autumn-winter increased the radish cycle, providing greater commercial and total root yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011279.v1
title: Agronomic performance in radish fertilised with Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. in two growing seasons

description: ABSTRACT Agronomic indicators were evaluated in radish fertilised with different amounts of biomass from Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. (known locally as Flor-de-seda) incorporated into the soil at different times, and grown in two seasons (spring and autumn-winter), in the town of Serra Talhada, in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with the treatments arranged in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme with three replications, the first factor comprising the amounts of biomass of C. procera (5.4, 8.8, 12.2 and 15 6 t ha-1 on a dry basis) and the second, the times of incorporation (0, 10, 20 and 30 days before sowing the radish). The following characteristics were determined in the radish: plant height, number of leaves per plant, root diameter, fresh and dry tuberous root weight, and fresh commercial root weight. Maximum radish yield was obtained with 15.6 t ha-1 of C. procera biomass incorporated into the soil. The supply of nutrients from the green manure, and the period of maximum demand by the radish, were seen to be in sync for the incorporation time of 22 days before planting. Cultivation in the autumn-winter increased the radish cycle, providing greater commercial and total root yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011280
title: Adaptability and stability in commercial maize hybrids in the southeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of 29 commercial maize hybrids in the southeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, employing three methods. The 29 commercial maize hybrids from the 2014/2015 crop were evaluated for grain yield in five locations in the southeast of Minas Gerais. A randomised-block design was used, with two replications. Each lot comprised two rows, five meters in length, at a spacing of 0.80 m, giving an effective area of 8.00 m2. In addition to individual and combined variance analysis, the methods of Eberhart & Russell (1966), AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis) and mixed models were used to evaluate the adaptability and stability of the 29 hybrids. There was a significant difference (P&lt;0.01) for the effects of hybrid, environment and the hybrid x environment interaction. The majority of the hybrids under evaluation displayed broad adaptability with good stability. It was concluded that the Eberhart & Russell, AMMI and mixed-model methods show similar results in classifying maize hybrids of broad adaptability. There is a difference in indicating hybrids with specific adaptability to favourable and unfavourable environments. Based on the three methods, the hybrids SHS7920PRO, BM709PRO2, BRS1055 and BM650PRO2 show a general adaptability for the environments under evaluation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011280.v1
title: Adaptability and stability in commercial maize hybrids in the southeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and stability of 29 commercial maize hybrids in the southeast of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, employing three methods. The 29 commercial maize hybrids from the 2014/2015 crop were evaluated for grain yield in five locations in the southeast of Minas Gerais. A randomised-block design was used, with two replications. Each lot comprised two rows, five meters in length, at a spacing of 0.80 m, giving an effective area of 8.00 m2. In addition to individual and combined variance analysis, the methods of Eberhart & Russell (1966), AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction Analysis) and mixed models were used to evaluate the adaptability and stability of the 29 hybrids. There was a significant difference (P&lt;0.01) for the effects of hybrid, environment and the hybrid x environment interaction. The majority of the hybrids under evaluation displayed broad adaptability with good stability. It was concluded that the Eberhart & Russell, AMMI and mixed-model methods show similar results in classifying maize hybrids of broad adaptability. There is a difference in indicating hybrids with specific adaptability to favourable and unfavourable environments. Based on the three methods, the hybrids SHS7920PRO, BM709PRO2, BRS1055 and BM650PRO2 show a general adaptability for the environments under evaluation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011282
title: Pollen viability and quantification of pollen grains in species of Physalis

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop a culture medium for the evaluation of pollen viability and to determine the number of pollen grains per anther and per flower in species of Physalis. The study was developed sequentially, where pollen grains of Physalis (P. angulata,P. ixocarpa,P. minima,P. peruviana and P. pubescens) underwent germination in a culture medium developed over four phases: checking the concentration of agar and the pH, and the concentrations of sucrose, calcium nitrate and boric acid. For the pollen count, five anthers were collected from five representative specimens of each species, allowed to settle for dehiscence to take place, with lactic acid then being added to improve visualisation of the pollen grains. After 48 hours, the number of pollen grains was quantified with the help of a Neubauer chamber, and the number of pollen grains per anther determined by pre-established formula. All species were seen to have similar behaviour in their requirements for pollen grain germination, the pH of the medium being around 5.4 and the agar concentration 8 g L-1. All species display a dependence on calcium and boron for better pollen viability, especially P. minima, where the addition of boron did not provide any sharp increase in the germination percentage. As for the number of pollen grains, the species can be divided into two groups, with P. angulata,P. peruviana and P. pubescens having the highest number of pollen grains per anther and per flower compared to P. ixocarpa and P. minima.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011286
title: Residual phosphate fertilization and Azospirillum brasilense in the common bean in succession to maize intercropped with Marandu grass

description: ABSTRACT One of the alternatives for achieving sustainable agriculture and a reduction in production costs, especially with phosphate fertilisers, is to inoculate seeds with bacteria of the genus Azospirillum. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate residual phosphate fertilisation and Azospirillum brasilense, together with the contribution of straw from maize intercropped with Marandu grass, on leaf nutritional content, yield components and winter bean yield. The experiment was carried out on the Teaching and Research Farm, of the School of Engineering at UNESP, located in Selvíria in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, in a typic clayey dystrophic Red Latosol. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with four replications in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of beans sown on straw from maize intercropped with Marandu grass on areas that had received five levels of P2O5 in the form of MAP, applied during an initial cultivation of black oats (0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 kg ha-1), both with and without inoculation of the oat and maize which preceded the beans with Azospirillum brasilense. Leaf nutrient content, leaf chlorophyll index (ICF), yield components and bean productivity were all evaluated. Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense of the black oat and maize seeds improved the nutritional status of the plants, but had a negative effect on grain yield. Fertilisation of the oat crop with phosphorus had a positive residual effect on the beans, with increases in yield components and grain yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011286.v1
title: Residual phosphate fertilization and Azospirillum brasilense in the common bean in succession to maize intercropped with Marandu grass

description: ABSTRACT One of the alternatives for achieving sustainable agriculture and a reduction in production costs, especially with phosphate fertilisers, is to inoculate seeds with bacteria of the genus Azospirillum. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate residual phosphate fertilisation and Azospirillum brasilense, together with the contribution of straw from maize intercropped with Marandu grass, on leaf nutritional content, yield components and winter bean yield. The experiment was carried out on the Teaching and Research Farm, of the School of Engineering at UNESP, located in Selvíria in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, in a typic clayey dystrophic Red Latosol. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with four replications in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of beans sown on straw from maize intercropped with Marandu grass on areas that had received five levels of P2O5 in the form of MAP, applied during an initial cultivation of black oats (0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 kg ha-1), both with and without inoculation of the oat and maize which preceded the beans with Azospirillum brasilense. Leaf nutrient content, leaf chlorophyll index (ICF), yield components and bean productivity were all evaluated. Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense of the black oat and maize seeds improved the nutritional status of the plants, but had a negative effect on grain yield. Fertilisation of the oat crop with phosphorus had a positive residual effect on the beans, with increases in yield components and grain yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011288
title: Characterization of biochars from different sources and evaluation of release of nutrients and contaminants

description: ABSTRACT The biochar, product of pyrolysis of organic waste, has been used as a soil conditioner and alternative on solid waste management. However, the raw material and pyrolysis temperature used influence the quantity and dynamics of release of nutrients and contaminants from the biochar. The objective was to evaluate the use of waste sugarcane bagasse, eucalyptus and sewage sludge for production of biochar and determine the chemical, physical, mineralogical properties and acid extraction of these materials produced at 350 °C and 500 °C. Were evaluated the proportion of C, H, N, O; ashes; macro and micronutrients, plus some contaminants; characterization of mineral phases by diffractometry of X- rays; functional groups by infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR). Moreover, it was determined the release of nutrients and contaminants for the extraction in increasing concentration of HNO3 (0,01 - 2,0 mol L-1). The O/C and H/C relations decreased with increasing temperature of pyrolysis, which define a greater stability of the C of biochars. Sewage sludge biochar (BC-L) had the highest nutrient release rates and contaminant metals (Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb). Acid extraction of other biochars was very low (&lt;20% of the total content). The results indicate that the carbon fraction of biochar contributes to the low rate of release of the elements in acid place.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011288.v1
title: Characterization of biochars from different sources and evaluation of release of nutrients and contaminants

description: ABSTRACT The biochar, product of pyrolysis of organic waste, has been used as a soil conditioner and alternative on solid waste management. However, the raw material and pyrolysis temperature used influence the quantity and dynamics of release of nutrients and contaminants from the biochar. The objective was to evaluate the use of waste sugarcane bagasse, eucalyptus and sewage sludge for production of biochar and determine the chemical, physical, mineralogical properties and acid extraction of these materials produced at 350 °C and 500 °C. Were evaluated the proportion of C, H, N, O; ashes; macro and micronutrients, plus some contaminants; characterization of mineral phases by diffractometry of X- rays; functional groups by infrared absorption spectroscopy (FTIR). Moreover, it was determined the release of nutrients and contaminants for the extraction in increasing concentration of HNO3 (0,01 - 2,0 mol L-1). The O/C and H/C relations decreased with increasing temperature of pyrolysis, which define a greater stability of the C of biochars. Sewage sludge biochar (BC-L) had the highest nutrient release rates and contaminant metals (Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb). Acid extraction of other biochars was very low (&lt;20% of the total content). The results indicate that the carbon fraction of biochar contributes to the low rate of release of the elements in acid place.