DOI: 10.5061/dryad.66t1g1k4d
title: Finding functionality: Rasch analysis of the Functionality Appreciation Scale in community-dwelling adults in the US

description: Introduction: The Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS) measures an
 individual's appreciation for the functions their body can perform,
 regardless of the individual's physical limitations. Prior studies
 reported on internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent
 validity, and exploratory or confirmatory factor analyses, but Rasch
 analysis has not yet been performed to evaluate the structural validity of
 the FAS. Methods: We recruited community-dwelling adults at the
 Minnesota State Fair and through contact lists of participants identifying
 interest in research done in the Brain Body Mind Lab (University of
 Minnesota). Community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI)
 completed the FAS over Zoom. We analyzed the FAS using Rasch Measurement
 Theory, which produced the following outputs: item, and person fit,
 targeting, unidimensionality, person separation reliability (PSR), local
 item dependence (LID), principal component analysis of residuals (PCAR),
 and differential item functioning (DIF). Results: We recruited
 567 participants (average age 52.15 ± 17.5 years, 63.84% women), among
 which 14 adults with SCI. After rescoring 3 items and deleting 1 item, the
 FAS had good person and item fit (except item 4). The PCAR and subsequent
 paired t-tests (3.53%) confirmed the unidimensionality of the
 scale. There was no DIF and only one item pair had LID (item 5-6). PSR was
 0.75, reflecting a capacity to differentiate groups of people with high or
 low functionality appreciation levels. However, there was a significant
 ceiling effect (28.04%) and the person mean location was 3.06 ± 2.07
 logits, indicating the FAS is too easy for community-dwelling adults in
 the US. Discussion: The 6-item Rasch-based FAS demonstrated
 unidimensionality, good item fit (except item 4) and person fit, but the
 FAS will require more difficult items to be added to improve the targeting
 of the scale, and better reliability.
description: Participants were recruited at the Minnesota State Fair and Highland Fest. Additionally, healthy participants, who had expressed interest in participating in research from the Brain, Body, Mind Lab, were invited to participate in this research project through an e-mail with a link to the questionnaire. In 2021, as part of a clinical trial, FAS results were also collected from a group of adults with spinal cord injury and neuropathic pain, approved by the IRB of the University of Minnesota (IRB# STUDY00008476). The data were collected on REDCap and processed with RUMM2030, a statistical program for Rasch analysis.
description: The data
 for the Functional Appreciation Scale (FAS) is a complete dataset. For the
 demographic and behavioral data, we did not ask one question in the group
 of participants with Spinal cord injury. This is indicated in columns I
 and J by a "." The ID
 numbering is not sequential because some people did not pass the consent
 quiz, or stopped after the consent quiz, or ended the list of
 questionnaires before they got to the FAS.
 The xls
 file includes a legend.
description: # Finding functionality: Rasch analysis of the Functionality Appreciation
 Scale in community-dwelling adults in the US
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.66t1g1k4d](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.66t1g1k4d) ### Author Information Principal Investigator Contact Information Name: Ann Van de Winckel Institution: Division of Physical Therapy, Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota Address: 420 Delaware ST SE (MMC388), Minneapolis, MN 55455 Email: avandewi@umnn.edu ORCID: 0000-0001-8400-3177 Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date) \\ 20190720 - 20210909 Geographic location of data collection (where was data collected?): Minnesota Information about funding sources that supported the collection of the data: National Institutes of Health’s National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences grant UL1TR002494 Overview of the data (abstract): This xls file contains brief demographic, clinical/behavioral data as well as the scoring of the 7 items of the Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS) ### SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 1\. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: N/A 2\. Links to publications that cite or use the data: Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences\, DOI: 10\.3389/fresc\.2023\.1222892 3\. Was data derived from another source? NO If yes, list source(s): 4\. Terms of Use: Data Repository for the U of Minnesota \(DRYAD\) By using these files\, users agree to the Terms of Use\. ### DATA & FILE OVERVIEW 1\. File List A. Filename: FAS data\_4.25.2022\_for DRYAD Short description: xls file contains brief demographic and clinical/behavioral data and scoring on the FAS #### DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: [FILENAME] 1\. Number of variables:13 2\. Number of cases/rows: 567 3\. Missing data codes: colored spaces \(orange\) Code/symbol Definition Code/symbol Definition 4\. Variable List \(see also legend book in the xls file\) Example. Name: gender Description: gender of the participant 1 = Male 2 = Female 3 = Other A. Name: ID Description: participant ID Numeric value for community-dwelling adults; 11XXX number for adults with spinal cord injury B. Name: AGE Description: age category 0= &lt;65 years old 1=65,65+ years old C. Name: GRIP Description: sex of the participant H=no mental health or pain M=mental health conditions P=pain or a combination of pain + mental health conditions D. Name: SEX Description: sex of the participant 0=Male 1=Female 2=Other E. Name: MHC Description: self-described general mental health condition 0=no 1=yes F. Name: Pain Description: self-described pain 0=no 1=yes G. Name: EV BRE Description: did you every do breathing exercises in the past? 0=no 1=yes H. Name: CUR BRE Description: are you currently doing any breathing exercises? 0=no 1=yes I. Name: EV REL Description: did you every do mindfulness or relaxation exercises in the past? 0=no 1=yes J. Name: CUR REL Description: are you currently doing mindfulness or relaxation exercises? 0=no 1=yes K. Name: EV BA Description: did you every do body awareness training in the past? 0=no 1=yes L. Name: CUR BA Description: are you currently doing body awareness training? 0=no 1=yes M-S: Name: FAS items Description: 7 items scoring range 0-4 SCORING CATEGORIES 0 - strongly disagree 1 - disagree 2 - neither agree nor disagree 3 - agree 4 - strongly agree ITEMS 1\. I appreciate my body for what it is capable of doing\. 2\. I am grateful for the health of my body\, even if it isn't always as healthy as I would like it to be\. 3\. I appreciate that my body allows me to communicate and interact with others\. 4\. I acknowledge and appreciate when my body feels good and/or relaxed\. 5\. I am grateful that my body enables me to engage in activities that I enjoy or find important\. 6\. I feel that my body does so much for me\. 7\. I respect my body for the functions that it performs\. #### METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION 1\. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: RedCap \(community\-dwelling adults\) and paper forms \(adults with stroke\) 2\. Methods for processing the data: \\ xls and RUMM2030 3\. Instrument\- or software\-specific information needed to interpret the data: RUMM2030 4\. Standards and calibration information\, if appropriate: NA 5\. Environmental/experimental conditions: NA 6\. Describe any quality\-assurance procedures performed on the data: RedCap has a system in place that all cells need to be completed\. 7\. People involved with sample collection\, processing\, analysis and/or submission: Van de Winckel Ann \(principal investigator\); Sydney McDaniel and Sara Feng \(high school students\)