cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r4g6p
title: Data from: Selection on learning performance results in the correlated evolution of sexual dimorphism in life history

description: The evolution of learning can be constrained by trade-offs. As male and
 female life-histories often diverge, the relationship between learning and
 fitness may differ between the sexes. However, because sexes share much of
 their genome, intersexual genetic correlations can prevent males and
 females from reaching their sex-specific optima resulting in intralocus
 sexual conflict (IaSC). To investigate if IaSC constraints sex-specific
 evolution of learning we selected Caenorhabditis remanei nematode females
 for increased or decreased olfactory learning performance and measured
 learning, lifespan (in mated and virgin worms), reproduction and
 locomotory activity in both sexes. Males from downward-selected female
 lines had higher locomotory activity and longer virgin lifespan but sired
 fewer progeny than males from upward-selected female lines. In contrast,
 we found no effect of selection on female reproduction and
 downward-selected females showed higher locomotory activity but lived
 shorter as virgins than upward-selected females. Strikingly, selection on
 learning performance led to the reversal of sexual dimorphism in virgin
 lifespan. We thus show sex-specific trade-offs between learning,
 reproduction and lifespan. Our results support the hypothesis that
 selection on learning performance can shape the evolution of sexually
 dimorphic life-histories via sex-specific genetic correlations.
description: Full
 dataData for learning assays
 (Experiment 1 and 2), reproductive, lifespan and locomotory activity
 assays.Evolution data
 files.xlsx
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18371167
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by George Roger Pilate, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77879145. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77879145
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18381872
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by George Roger Pilate, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77879145. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q77879145
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n7140
title: Data from: The hawk-eyed songbird: retinal morphology, eye shape, and visual fields of an aerial insectivore

description: Swallows are a unique group of songbirds because they are active-pursuit
 predators that execute all aspects of hunting prey in flight: search,
 detection, pursuit, and capture. We show that swallows have evolved a
 visual system that is unlike that of any other studied songbird. Swallows
 have a bifoveate retina that provides sharp lateral and frontal vision, an
 unusually long eye that enhances spatial resolution, a large posterior
 blind area, and a narrow binocular field. We also show that swallows and
 diurnal raptors (hawks and falcons) have converged on a similar visual
 configuration but that, interestingly, predatory songbirds that ambush
 prey (flycatchers) have not converged on the same suite of traits. Despite
 the commonly held belief that predators rely on binocular vision, the
 temporal (frontally projecting) fovea present in swallows—but not present
 in other songbirds—is likely not involved in binocular vision. Instead,
 swallows have four nonoverlapping foveae in a 100° arc around the beak,
 which can improve the tracking of frontally located aerial prey that are
 engaging in evasive maneuvers. Overall, vision in pursuit predators
 reflects the complex sensory demands of hunting in the air at high speeds
 and emphasizes the importance of acute frontal vision in predators.
description: Eye, retina, and visual
 field summary dataTyrrell -
 Data.xlsxTree Swallow Visual
 FieldVisual
 Field Corrections Tree
 Swallow.xlsxEmpidonax Flycatcher
 Visual FieldVisual Field Corrections
 Empidonax Flycatcher.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.435s1
title: Data from: Identifying refugia from climate change using coupled ecological and genetic data in a transitional Mediterranean-temperate tree species

description: Populations occurring in areas of overlap between the current and future
 distribution of a species are particularly important because they can
 represent “refugia from climate change”. We coupled ecological and
 range-wide genetic variation data to detect such areas and to evaluate the
 impacts of habitat suitability changes on the genetic diversity of the
 transitional Mediterranean-temperate tree Fraxinus angustifolia. We
 sampled and genotyped 38 natural populations comprising 1006 individuals
 from across Europe. We found the highest genetic diversity in western and
 northern Mediterranean populations, as well as a significant west-to-east
 decline in genetic diversity. Areas of potential refugia that correspond
 to approximately 70% of the suitable habitat may support the persistence
 of more than 90% of the total number of alleles in the future. Moreover,
 based on correlations between Bayesian genetic assignment and climate,
 climate change may favour the westwards spread of the Black Sea gene pool
 in the long term. Overall, our results suggest that the northerly core
 areas of the current distribution contain the most important part of the
 genetic variation for this species and may serve as in situ macrorefugia
 from ongoing climate change. However, rear-edge populations of the
 southern Mediterranean may be exposed to a potential loss of unique
 genetic diversity owing to habitat suitability changes unless populations
 can persist in microrefugia that have facilitated such persistence in the
 past.
description: Microsatellite
 genotypesMicrosatellite genotypes
 for 38 Fraxinus angustifolia populations sampled across Europe and
 genotyped at 6 SSR lociFraxinus
 angustifolia_MaxentInput file used for
 Fraxinus angustifolia current ecological niche model in Maxent. Localities
 are in decimal degrees (WGS84 Coordinate System). Description,
 abbreviations and source of environmental variables is given in the paper
 in Table S2.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p61jp
title: Data from: Metagenomic analysis reveals changes of the Drosophila suzukii microbiota in the newly colonised regions

description: The spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera:
 Drosophilidae) is a highly polyphagous pest of a wide variety of wild or
 cultivated berry and stone fruit. Originating from Southeast Asia, it has
 recently invaded a wide range of regions in Europe and North-America. It
 is well known that insect microbiotas may significantly influence several
 aspects of the host biology and play an important role in invasive species
 introduction into new areas. However, in spite of the great economic
 importance of D. suzukii, a limited attention has been given so far to its
 microbiota. In this study, we present the first in-depth characterization
 of gut bacterial diversity from field (native and invasive range) and
 lab-reared populations of this insect. The gut bacterial communities of
 field insects were dominated, regardless of their origin, by two families
 of the phylum Proteobacteria: Acetobacteraceae and Enterobacteriaceae,
 while Firmicutes, mainly represented by the family Staphylococcaceae,
 prevailed in lab-reared population. Locality was the most significant
 factor in shaping the microbiota of wild flies. Moreover, a negative
 correlation between diversity and abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and the
 time elapsed since the establishment of D. suzukii in a new region was
 observed. Altogether our results indicate that habitat, food resources as
 well as the colonization phase of a new region contribute to shape the
 bacterial communities of the invasive species which, in turn, by evolving
 more quickly, could influence host adaptation in a new environment.
description: DatasetThe file contains the abundance levels of all the OTUs for each sampleFastaOTU sequences
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h1v0m
title: Data from: Does sun glare increase antipredator behaviour in prey?

description: As the sun gradually lowers over the horizon, prey species with more sun
 in their eyes should have more difficulty in visually monitoring their
 surroundings for threats and thus experience a higher predation risk. In a
 unique setting, I could examine changes in antipredator behaviour in a
 prey species, the semipalmated sandpiper Calidris pusilla, facing attacks
 by peregrine falcons Falco peregrinus, which originated from the general
 direction of the lowering sun. I predicted gradual changes in antipredator
 behaviour as sun glare becomes more problematic later in the day. As the
 day progressed, sandpipers occurred in sparser groups when the sun glared
 but not when clouds obscured the sun, suggesting that fewer individuals
 engaged in risky foraging. Pecking rate and foraging success decreased
 later in the day when the sun glared but not otherwise implying an
 increase in vigilance at the expense of foraging. When more sun hit their
 eyes, sandpipers also moved faster suggesting increased skittishness. The
 sun glare effect might be relevant to any species foraging in open areas
 not only when the sun sets but also when it rises especially if predators
 can target prey species at these vulnerable times. The temporal gradient
 in predation risk that the sun glare effect creates might thus apply
 broadly and have important consequences for antipredator vigilance,
 foraging efficiency, and habitat use.
description: DatasetProvides for each focal observation the duration and feeding behaviour recordeddryad.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m56pj5b
title: Data from: Development of G: a test in an amphibious fish

description: Heritable variation in, and genetic correlations among, traits determine
 the response of multivariate phenotypes to natural selection. However, as
 traits develop over ontogeny, patterns of genetic (co)variation and
 integration captured by the G matrix may also change. Despite this, few
 studies have investigated how genetic parameters underpinning multivariate
 phenotypes change as animals pass through major life history stages. Here,
 using a self-fertilizing hermaphroditic fish species, mangrove rivulus
 (Kryptolebias marmoratus), we test the hypothesis that G changes from
 hatching through reproductive maturation. We also test Cheverud’s
 conjecture by asking whether phenotypic patterns provide an acceptable
 surrogate for patterns of genetic (co)variation within and across
 ontogenetic stages. For a set of morphological traits linked to locomotor
 (jumping) performance, we find that the overall level of genetic
 integration (as measured by the mean-squared correlation across all
 traits) does not change significantly over ontogeny. However, we also find
 evidence that some trait-specific genetic variances and pairwise genetic
 correlations do change. Ontogenetic changes in G indicate the presence of
 genetic variance for developmental processes themselves, while also
 suggesting that any genetic constraints on morphological evolution may be
 age-dependent. Phenotypic correlations closely resembled genetic
 correlations at each stage in ontogeny. Thus, our results are consistent
 with the premise that – at least under common environment conditions -
 phenotypic correlations can be a good substitute for genetic correlations
 in studies of multivariate developmental evolution.
description: Development of G data
 formatted for AsremlThis is an excel data
 file is in .csv format.G
 data.cev.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kt09v
title: Data from: A genetic polymorphism affecting reliance on personal versus public information in a spatial learning task in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Organisms that face behavioural challenges can use different types of
 information to guide their decisions. First, they can use the personal
 information they sample in their environment. Second, they can use the
 inadvertent social information provided by the behaviour of conspecifics
 or heterospecifics (i.e. public information). Currently, little is known
 about the interaction between genetic variation and the use of personal
 versus public information in natural populations. Here, we investigated
 whether a natural genetic polymorphism affects the use of personal versus
 public information in a spatial learning task in Drosophila melanogaster.
 We found that genetic variation at the foraging locus interacts with
 social context during spatial learning. While both allelic variants are
 able to use personal and public information to improve their navigation
 during 10 training trials, a probe trial revealed that individuals
 carrying the forR (rover) allele rely mainly on personal information,
 whereas individuals carrying the fors (sitter) allele either use or
 display more public information than rovers. Accordingly, transfer of
 social information is more important in groups of sitters than in groups
 of rovers. These results suggest that a positive feedback loop can occur
 between alleles promoting group living, such as fors, and the use and/or
 display of public information, ultimately providing the opportunity for
 the joint evolution of sociality and cultural traits.
description: Experiment
 1latency to safe zone
 access (in seconds) in experiment 1.experiment1.xlsxExperiment2
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18381875
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Edward Shearman Ross, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5345292. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5345292
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8103213
title: Natural history specimens collected and/or identified and deposited.

description: Natural history specimen data collected and/or identified by Edward Shearman Ross, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5345292. Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia, https://bionomia.net using specimen data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, https://gbif.org.
description: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5345292
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b631d
title: Data from: Experimental studies of adaptation in Clarkia xantiana. III. Phenotypic selection across a subspecies border

description: Sister taxa with distinct phenotypes often occupy contrasting environments
 in parapatric ranges, yet we generally do not know whether trait
 divergence reflects spatially-varying selection. We conducted a reciprocal
 transplant experiment to test whether selection favors “native phenotypes”
 in two subspecies of Clarkia xantiana (Onagraceae), an annual plant in
 California. For four quantitative traits that differ between subspecies,
 we estimated phenotypic selection in subspecies’ exclusive ranges and
 their contact zone in two consecutive years. We predicted that in the
 arid, pollinator-scarce eastern region, selection favors phenotypes of the
 native subspecies parviflora: small leaves, slow leaf growth, early
 flowering, and diminutive flowers. In the wetter, pollinator-rich, western
 range of subspecies xantiana, we expected selection for opposite
 phenotypes. We investigated pollinator contributions to selection by
 comparing naturally-pollinated and pollen-supplemented individuals. For
 reproductive traits and for subspecies xantiana, selection generally
 matched expectations. The contact zone sometimes showed distinctive
 selection, and in ssp. parviflora selection sometimes favored non-native
 phenotypes. Pollinators influenced selection on flowering time but not on
 flower size. Little temporal variation in selection occurred, possibly
 because of plastic trait responses across years. Though there were
 exceptions and some causes of selection remain obscure, phenotypic
 differentiation between subspecies appears to reflect spatially variable
 selection.
description: Trait and fitness data
 for both subspecies in both yearsThis file contains all
 data presented in the manuscript.Clarkia_for_Dryad.txt
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wdjzw5
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 728 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Ecuador",
 "TaxonKey is Panthera onca",
 "Year 2002-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 728 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000618-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k68n1
title: Data from: Intraspecific variation among clones of a naïve rare grass affects competition with an invasive forb

description: Intraspecific variation can have a major impact on plant community
 composition yet there is little information available on the extent that
 such variation by an already established species affects interspecific
 interactions of an invading species. The current research examined the
 competitiveness of clones of a globally rare but locally common native
 grass, Calamagrostis porteri ssp. insperata to invasion by Alliaria
 petiolata, a non-native invasive species. A greenhouse experiment was
 conducted twice over consecutive years in which 15 clones from three
 populations of Calamagrostis were paired with rosettes of Alliaria in pots
 containing native forest soil previously uninvaded by Alliaria. Both
 species showed a negative response to the presence of the other species,
 although Alliaria more so than Calamagrostis. Moreover, the effect of
 Calamagrostis depended upon population, and, to a lesser extent, the
 individual clone paired with Alliaria. Competitive effects were stronger
 in the first experiment compared with when the experiment was repeated in
 the second year. The influence of Calamagrostis clones on the outcome of
 the experiment varied among populations and among clones, but also between
 years. Clones from one of the three populations were more influential than
 clones from the other two populations. Only one of 15 clones, both from
 the same population, were influential in both experiments. This research
 supports a growing literature indicating that intraspecific variability
 among clones of a dominant species can affect interspecific interactions,
 and that such variability in a native species can affect performance of an
 invading species.
description: Biomass
 dataBiomass data of
 aboveground (above) and belowground (below) tissues of Calamagrostis and
 Alliaria plants from both years (year [1,2]) of the experiment. See ReadMe
 file for details.allbiomass.xlsxCalamagrostis_Tillerno_LeafnoLeaf and tiller number data of Calamagrostis plants from both years (year [1, 2]) of the experiment. Rows represent data from pots. There are column headers in row 1 plus 810 rows of data. See ReadMe file for details.Alliaria_dataLeaf and tiller number and leaf width data for Alliaria plants from both years (year [1,2]) of the experiment. Rows represent data from pots. There are column headers in row 1 plus 2970 rows of data. See ReadMe file for details.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t4t73
title: Data from: Combining human acceptance and habitat suitability in a unified socio-ecological suitability model: a case study of the wolf in Switzerland

description: Habitat suitability models (HSMs) are commonly used in conservation
 practise to assess the potential of an area to be occupied and colonised.
 A major limitation of these models, however, is the omission of spatially
 explicit understanding of human acceptance towards the focal species. As
 wildlife is more and more subject to human-dominated landscapes, ignoring
 the sociological component will result in misrepresentation of the
 observed processes and inappropriate management. We distributed 10 000
 questionnaires across Switzerland and identified key socio-demographical
 factors correlated with human acceptance of the wolf. We then created a
 spatially explicit acceptance model based on geo-referenced
 socio-demographical, social and geographical information. Finally, we
 combined our acceptance model with a HSM to obtain a unified
 socio-ecological suitability model, which included human and ecological
 components. We showed that the key factors associated with human
 acceptance were perception of how harmful the wolf is, interest in
 wolf-related issues, need for livestock protection, and fear of the wolf.
 Perceived harmfulness was in turn correlated with direct and indirect
 experience with the wolf, and level of education. Our acceptance map
 predicted decreasing acceptance with increasing altitude of residency and
 proximity to locations of confirmed wolf presence. This resulted in the
 overall opposition to the wolf for the Alpine region, albeit substantial
 regional differences. We found little spatial overlap (6% of Switzerland)
 between areas where the wolf was accepted and areas of suitable habitat.
 These areas of socio-ecological suitability were concentrated in the Jura
 Mountains and in the eastern and southern Alps, and were absent in the
 western and central Alps. Particularly in the Jura region, which is yet to
 be colonised, management of human acceptance will be a crucial
 conservation target. Synthesis and applications. We developed an
 integrative, socio-ecological approach that allowed us to accurately
 reproduce recent wolf recolonisation. We anticipate our framework to be a
 powerful tool to reliably evaluate overall suitable habitats and predict
 short to medium-term range expansion for species whose distribution is
 also dependent on human attitudes. Because our approach is sensitive to
 both the ecological and human component, it is ideally suited to identify
 key regions where proactive and targeted socio-ecological management plans
 are needed.
description: Questionnaire
 responsesquestionnaire_responses.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2rs23
title: Data from: Population extinctions can increase metapopulation persistence

description: Metapopulations persist when local populations are rapidly recolonized
 following local extinctions. Such persistence requires asynchrony;
 simultaneous crashes of all populations would leave no source of
 recolonization. We show theoretically and experimentally that catastrophic
 population extinctions themselves can promote metapopulation persistence,
 by preventing spatial synchrony and thus enhancing recolonization. We
 refer to this behaviour as the ‘spatial hydra effect’: as with the
 mythical hydra that grows two new heads when one is removed, extinctions
 can increase recolonization. The effect is robust, occurring in a wide
 range of theoretical models exhibiting cyclic or quasi-cyclic population
 dynamics. In a laboratory microcosm experiment using cyclic protist
 predator–prey metapopulations, catastrophic perturbations wiping out
 populations but leaving the patch otherwise unchanged increased
 metapopulation persistence when high dispersal rates would otherwise have
 led to spatially synchronous extinctions of all populations. We discuss
 several candidate examples of the spatial hydra effect in nature.
description: Experimental
 dataComma-delimited
 spreadsheet containing the experimental data from the associated
 publication.data_for_Fox_et_el_2017_nature_ee.csv