cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508336
title: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FARM STRUCTURE AND ANIMAL FEED IN UNSTABLE NON-ACID MILK OCCURRENCE IN PLANALTO NORTE OF SANTA CATARINA

description: Abstract The alcohol test is largely used in the dairy reception platform in order to verify raw milk stability. Milk that is not stable in the test and does not present high acidity is defined as unstable non-acid milk (UNAM). Its occurrence has a multifactorial characteristic and may be related to inadequate nutritional management. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of farm structure and animal feed on the occurrence of UNAM. The farm structure was characterized by means of a semi-structured questionnaire guide. Milk composition of the farms, resistance to alcohol test, titratable acidity and pH were analyzed. UNAM samples were those that precipitated at alcohol concentration less than or equal to 72%, with normal acidity and pH. Neutral detergent fiber was determined in the feed collected. Data were evaluated using factor and cluster analysis by using SAS statistical package. The use of roughages and concentrated food supplements with consequent improvement of animal productivity and higher lactose content in milk were associated with lower occurrence of UNAM under the studied conditions. The occurrence of UNAM had little relation with the farm structure and with the season of the year.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508336.v1
title: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FARM STRUCTURE AND ANIMAL FEED IN UNSTABLE NON-ACID MILK OCCURRENCE IN PLANALTO NORTE OF SANTA CATARINA

description: Abstract The alcohol test is largely used in the dairy reception platform in order to verify raw milk stability. Milk that is not stable in the test and does not present high acidity is defined as unstable non-acid milk (UNAM). Its occurrence has a multifactorial characteristic and may be related to inadequate nutritional management. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of farm structure and animal feed on the occurrence of UNAM. The farm structure was characterized by means of a semi-structured questionnaire guide. Milk composition of the farms, resistance to alcohol test, titratable acidity and pH were analyzed. UNAM samples were those that precipitated at alcohol concentration less than or equal to 72%, with normal acidity and pH. Neutral detergent fiber was determined in the feed collected. Data were evaluated using factor and cluster analysis by using SAS statistical package. The use of roughages and concentrated food supplements with consequent improvement of animal productivity and higher lactose content in milk were associated with lower occurrence of UNAM under the studied conditions. The occurrence of UNAM had little relation with the farm structure and with the season of the year.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506920.v1
title: ADDITION OF BUTYLATED HYDROXY TOLUENE (BHT) TO THE ACP-106c EXTENDER FOR CANINE SEMEN FREEZING

description: Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) on the quality of canine sperm frozen and thawed using the powdered coconut water based (ACP-106c) extender. Therefore, fifteen ejaculates were collected from five dogs. Semen obtained was diluted in ACP-106c added of glycerol and egg yolk. The samples were then transferred to tubes containing different concentrations of BHT (0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM). After that, the samples were filled into straws, frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen. Fresh semen was evaluated for the following parameters: color, sperm fraction volume, total motility, vigor, concentration, morphology, and HOST test. After one week, the samples were thawed and evaluated by computer analysis, as well as for membrane functionality and sperm morphology. Progressive motility in the 2.0 mM BHT group was significantly higher (P &lt;0.05) than that of the 0 mM BHT group (27.6 ± 11.7% vs. 19.0 ± 9.5%, respectively). Regarding all other parameters evaluated, there was no difference between the groups tested. Therefore, the addition of BHT to the ACP-106c extender did not affect the quality of canine semen after thawing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7186538
title: EXCRETION LEVEL OF TRACE MINERALS IN BROILERS FED ORGANIC MINERAL

description: Abstract The aim of this current study was to determine the excretion level of the trace organic minerals copper, iron, manganese, and zinc added to broiler diets at different inclusion levels. The treatments consisted of a corn and soybean meal based diet supplemented with inorganic minerals or levels of organic minerals: basal diet containing 0% of microminerals of organic source (MO), 50% MO, 75% MO, and 100% MO. Excretion levels of organic trace minerals varied quadratically in relation to the inclusion levels of organic minerals. The inclusion levels of 50% and 75% of organic minerals led to animals with lower excretion levels of all trace elements evaluated. The performance variables did not suffer any influence of treatments, even when the amount of organic minerals was equivalent to 50% of the recommended levels. The diet with the addition of trace organic minerals at the level of 50% is more efficient since it provides lower levels of trace minerals excretion keeping poultry performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7186538.v1
title: EXCRETION LEVEL OF TRACE MINERALS IN BROILERS FED ORGANIC MINERAL

description: Abstract The aim of this current study was to determine the excretion level of the trace organic minerals copper, iron, manganese, and zinc added to broiler diets at different inclusion levels. The treatments consisted of a corn and soybean meal based diet supplemented with inorganic minerals or levels of organic minerals: basal diet containing 0% of microminerals of organic source (MO), 50% MO, 75% MO, and 100% MO. Excretion levels of organic trace minerals varied quadratically in relation to the inclusion levels of organic minerals. The inclusion levels of 50% and 75% of organic minerals led to animals with lower excretion levels of all trace elements evaluated. The performance variables did not suffer any influence of treatments, even when the amount of organic minerals was equivalent to 50% of the recommended levels. The diet with the addition of trace organic minerals at the level of 50% is more efficient since it provides lower levels of trace minerals excretion keeping poultry performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7045763
title: PRIMARY FIBROBLAST CELL CYCLE SYNCHRONIZATION AND EFFECTS ON HANDMADE CLONED (HMC) BOVINE EMBRYOS

description: Abstract Spatial and temporal synchrony and compatibility between the receptor oocyte and the donor cell nucleus are necessary for the process of embryo cloning to allow nuclear reprogramming and early embryonic development. The objective of the present study was to evaluate three cell cycle synchronization methods on a primary bovine fibroblast culture for 24, 48, or 72 h. These fibroblasts were used as nuclear donors to evaluate their in vitro developmental potential and the quality of the embryos produced through handmade cloning (HMC). No differences were found between the methods used for fibroblast synchronization in G0/G1 (p &gt; 0.05). Production of clones from fibroblasts in four groups- no treatment at 0 h and using serum restriction SR, high culture confluence HCC, and SR+HCC at 24 h- resulted in high cleavage rates that were not different. Embryo production rates were 37.9%, 29.5%, and 30.9% in the 0h, SR24h, and SR+HHC24h groups, respectively, and 19.3% in the HCC group, which was significantly different from the other three (p &lt; 0.05). There were no differences in the quality parameter among the clones produced with fibroblasts subjected to the different synchronization. Finally, when overall clone production was compared versus parthenotes and IVF embryos, the only difference was between clones and parthenogenetic embryos with zona pellucida (30.2% vs 38.6%). The number of blastomeres from the blastocytes produced through IVF was significantly greater than those from embryos activated parthenogenetically and from clones (117, 80, 75.9, and 67.1, respectively). The evaluation of three synchronization methods at different time points did not demonstrate an increase in the percentage of fibroblasts in the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle; however, good quality and high cloning rates were obtained, suggesting that it is not always necessary to subject the cells to any synchronization treatments, as they would yield equally good cloning results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7045763.v1
title: PRIMARY FIBROBLAST CELL CYCLE SYNCHRONIZATION AND EFFECTS ON HANDMADE CLONED (HMC) BOVINE EMBRYOS

description: Abstract Spatial and temporal synchrony and compatibility between the receptor oocyte and the donor cell nucleus are necessary for the process of embryo cloning to allow nuclear reprogramming and early embryonic development. The objective of the present study was to evaluate three cell cycle synchronization methods on a primary bovine fibroblast culture for 24, 48, or 72 h. These fibroblasts were used as nuclear donors to evaluate their in vitro developmental potential and the quality of the embryos produced through handmade cloning (HMC). No differences were found between the methods used for fibroblast synchronization in G0/G1 (p &gt; 0.05). Production of clones from fibroblasts in four groups- no treatment at 0 h and using serum restriction SR, high culture confluence HCC, and SR+HCC at 24 h- resulted in high cleavage rates that were not different. Embryo production rates were 37.9%, 29.5%, and 30.9% in the 0h, SR24h, and SR+HHC24h groups, respectively, and 19.3% in the HCC group, which was significantly different from the other three (p &lt; 0.05). There were no differences in the quality parameter among the clones produced with fibroblasts subjected to the different synchronization. Finally, when overall clone production was compared versus parthenotes and IVF embryos, the only difference was between clones and parthenogenetic embryos with zona pellucida (30.2% vs 38.6%). The number of blastomeres from the blastocytes produced through IVF was significantly greater than those from embryos activated parthenogenetically and from clones (117, 80, 75.9, and 67.1, respectively). The evaluation of three synchronization methods at different time points did not demonstrate an increase in the percentage of fibroblasts in the G0/G1 phases of the cell cycle; however, good quality and high cloning rates were obtained, suggesting that it is not always necessary to subject the cells to any synchronization treatments, as they would yield equally good cloning results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7185488.v1
title: EFFECT OF TWO CHEMOTYPES OF OREGANO ESSENTIAL OIL ON BROILER PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT BALANCE, AND LIPID PEROXIDATION OF BREAST MEAT DURING STORAGE

description: Abstract This study evaluated the functional effects of two chemotypes of oregano essential oil (OEO): Lippia Origanoides (LO) and a comercial product Synergy Essence (SE). Broilers were randomly assigned to one of eight dietary treatments: 1) Basal diet (BD); 2) BD+ antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) (bacitracin 50g/ton); 3) BD+LO125 (125g/ton); 4) BD+LO250 (250g/ton); 5) BD+LO500 (500g/ton); 6) BD+SE125 (125g/ton); 7) BD+SE250 (250g/ton); 8) BD+SE500 (500g/ton). At the time of slaughter (42 d), five birds per treatment were slaughtered. A portion of the breast was minced and stored at -4 ºC for 3, 6, and 9 days. Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring of malondialdehyde (MDA), data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of treatments (8x4). Broilers fed SE250 had greater average daily gain (ADG) compared to broilers fed BD (P&lt;0.05). Broilers fed LO500 had greater (P&lt;0.05) organic matter digestibility than the ones fed BD. As days of storage increased, MDA concentration increased (P&lt;0.05). Broilers fed SE500 had lower (P&lt;0.05) MDA concentration than those fed BD and AGP. These data indicate that birds fed OEO grow faster than those fed a BD, similar to birds fed AGP. Some of these responses are possibly explained by increased digestibility and energy utilization. In addition, providing OEO from SE at 500g/ton resulted in lower lipid peroxidation in ground breast meat throughout the tested storage time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7185488
title: EFFECT OF TWO CHEMOTYPES OF OREGANO ESSENTIAL OIL ON BROILER PERFORMANCE, NUTRIENT BALANCE, AND LIPID PEROXIDATION OF BREAST MEAT DURING STORAGE

description: Abstract This study evaluated the functional effects of two chemotypes of oregano essential oil (OEO): Lippia Origanoides (LO) and a comercial product Synergy Essence (SE). Broilers were randomly assigned to one of eight dietary treatments: 1) Basal diet (BD); 2) BD+ antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) (bacitracin 50g/ton); 3) BD+LO125 (125g/ton); 4) BD+LO250 (250g/ton); 5) BD+LO500 (500g/ton); 6) BD+SE125 (125g/ton); 7) BD+SE250 (250g/ton); 8) BD+SE500 (500g/ton). At the time of slaughter (42 d), five birds per treatment were slaughtered. A portion of the breast was minced and stored at -4 ºC for 3, 6, and 9 days. Lipid peroxidation was determined by measuring of malondialdehyde (MDA), data were analyzed as a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of treatments (8x4). Broilers fed SE250 had greater average daily gain (ADG) compared to broilers fed BD (P&lt;0.05). Broilers fed LO500 had greater (P&lt;0.05) organic matter digestibility than the ones fed BD. As days of storage increased, MDA concentration increased (P&lt;0.05). Broilers fed SE500 had lower (P&lt;0.05) MDA concentration than those fed BD and AGP. These data indicate that birds fed OEO grow faster than those fed a BD, similar to birds fed AGP. Some of these responses are possibly explained by increased digestibility and energy utilization. In addition, providing OEO from SE at 500g/ton resulted in lower lipid peroxidation in ground breast meat throughout the tested storage time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244120.v1
title: MILLET SILAGE COMPARED TO TRADITIONAL GRASSES: QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS

description: Abstract In this assay, we evaluated morphological composition, agronomic parameters, dry matter yield, and the silage fermentative process from pearl millet, sorghum, and corn plant with or without ears within different silos opening times (3, 7, 15, 30, 60, and 120 days). Effluent and gas release from silages were also evaluated besides its chemical composition and protein fractioning. Production costs of all silages were estimated. We also estimate milk production according to different silages dry matter production. Evaluated cultivars were, ADR-7010 (pearl millet), BRS-610 (sorghum), AG-5055 (corn), and IAC-86-2480 (sugarcane). Significant differences were observed for both production as well as chemical composition and production costs. Pearl millet did not prove to be competitive when compared with other forages. However, as winter crop, pearl millet could be profitable due to the low water exigencies when compared to the other crops.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244120
title: MILLET SILAGE COMPARED TO TRADITIONAL GRASSES: QUANTITATIVE, QUALITATIVE, AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS

description: Abstract In this assay, we evaluated morphological composition, agronomic parameters, dry matter yield, and the silage fermentative process from pearl millet, sorghum, and corn plant with or without ears within different silos opening times (3, 7, 15, 30, 60, and 120 days). Effluent and gas release from silages were also evaluated besides its chemical composition and protein fractioning. Production costs of all silages were estimated. We also estimate milk production according to different silages dry matter production. Evaluated cultivars were, ADR-7010 (pearl millet), BRS-610 (sorghum), AG-5055 (corn), and IAC-86-2480 (sugarcane). Significant differences were observed for both production as well as chemical composition and production costs. Pearl millet did not prove to be competitive when compared with other forages. However, as winter crop, pearl millet could be profitable due to the low water exigencies when compared to the other crops.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244126
title: EFFECT OF DIETARY ENERGY AND WEANING WEIGHT ON NITROGEN BALANCE AND ENERGY METABOLIZABILITY OF PIGLETS

description: Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy (ME; 3.40, 3.60, or 3.80 Mcal/kg) and weaning weight (WW; 4.5 ± 0.4 and 6.7 ± 0.5 kg) on nitrogen balance (NB) and gross energy metabolizability in weanling piglets. In total, 32 barrow piglets were individually housed in metabolic cages for 28 d in a 2x3 factorial arrangement with five barrows per treatment. Only light and 3.80 ME and heavy and 3.40 ME/kg treatments had six barrows per treatment each. The diets were formulated to maintain a constant nutrient to ME ratio. Nitrogen balance was evaluated in three periods through total collection of feces and urine. Heavy piglets had 14% greater N intake, absorption, and retention in starter and total periods (P&lt;0.05). The increasing in the levels of dietary ME linearly augmented N intake, absorption, and retention during starter and total periods (P&lt;0.05). The dietary ME levels linearly increased energy metabolizability in all periods (P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, heavy weaned piglets had better efficiency in nitrogen retention. Besides, increasing dietary ME levels can improve the N retention and the metabolizability of dietary energy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244126.v1
title: EFFECT OF DIETARY ENERGY AND WEANING WEIGHT ON NITROGEN BALANCE AND ENERGY METABOLIZABILITY OF PIGLETS

description: Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary metabolizable energy (ME; 3.40, 3.60, or 3.80 Mcal/kg) and weaning weight (WW; 4.5 ± 0.4 and 6.7 ± 0.5 kg) on nitrogen balance (NB) and gross energy metabolizability in weanling piglets. In total, 32 barrow piglets were individually housed in metabolic cages for 28 d in a 2x3 factorial arrangement with five barrows per treatment. Only light and 3.80 ME and heavy and 3.40 ME/kg treatments had six barrows per treatment each. The diets were formulated to maintain a constant nutrient to ME ratio. Nitrogen balance was evaluated in three periods through total collection of feces and urine. Heavy piglets had 14% greater N intake, absorption, and retention in starter and total periods (P&lt;0.05). The increasing in the levels of dietary ME linearly augmented N intake, absorption, and retention during starter and total periods (P&lt;0.05). The dietary ME levels linearly increased energy metabolizability in all periods (P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, heavy weaned piglets had better efficiency in nitrogen retention. Besides, increasing dietary ME levels can improve the N retention and the metabolizability of dietary energy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7336460
title: NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ELEPHANT GRASS SILAGE WITH DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS OF COFFE HULLS

description: Abstract We evaluated the nutritional value and the bromatological characteristics of elephant grass (EG) silages, cut at 70 days of regrowth, adding four levels of coffee hulls (1-EG; 2-EG + 10%; 3-EG + 20%; and 4-EG + 30%). A randomized block design with four treatments and six replicates was used. The lignin, cellulose, caffeine, IVDDM, pH, N-NH3 and effluent and gas losses were determined in the silages. The DM values increased as pH decreased linearly with the increase of coffee hulls in EG silage. The effluent production occurred only in the silage without coffee hulls on the first five days, with higher production on the first three days. The N-NH3 values decreased linearly with the increase of the coffee hulls. There was an increase in CP content as the coffee hulls increased. There was an increase of NDF and reduction of the ADF and IVDDM linear decrease with the increase of the coffee hulls. These results show that the coffee hulls as an additive was effective in improving the characteristics of elephant grass silage cut at 70 days of age
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7336460.v1
title: NUTRITIONAL VALUE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ELEPHANT GRASS SILAGE WITH DIFFERENT PROPORTIONS OF COFFE HULLS

description: Abstract We evaluated the nutritional value and the bromatological characteristics of elephant grass (EG) silages, cut at 70 days of regrowth, adding four levels of coffee hulls (1-EG; 2-EG + 10%; 3-EG + 20%; and 4-EG + 30%). A randomized block design with four treatments and six replicates was used. The lignin, cellulose, caffeine, IVDDM, pH, N-NH3 and effluent and gas losses were determined in the silages. The DM values increased as pH decreased linearly with the increase of coffee hulls in EG silage. The effluent production occurred only in the silage without coffee hulls on the first five days, with higher production on the first three days. The N-NH3 values decreased linearly with the increase of the coffee hulls. There was an increase in CP content as the coffee hulls increased. There was an increase of NDF and reduction of the ADF and IVDDM linear decrease with the increase of the coffee hulls. These results show that the coffee hulls as an additive was effective in improving the characteristics of elephant grass silage cut at 70 days of age
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244141.v1
title: MORPHOGENETIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALEXANDERGRASS PASTURES UNDER CONTINUOUS STOCKING

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate some morphogenetic and structural characteristics to explain variations in forage accumulation of Alexandergrass (Urochloa (Syn. Brachiaria) plantaginea) under continuous stocking method. The experimental treatments consisted of four grazing heights (10, 20, 30, and 40 cm), allocated to experimental units following a randomized block design with three replicates. The following variables were analyzed: leaf appearance, elongation, and senescence rates, leaf lamina length, number of leaves per tiller, leaf area index (LAI), and forage accumulation rate. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Student's t-test (P≤0.05). The main results were: i) different grazing heights had different tissue flows; ii) grazing heights between 30-40 cm showed the highest LAI, and produced similar values; iii) forage accumulation rate increased according to grazing height increments, but did not change above 30 cm. In conclusion, Alexandergrass pastures under continuous stocking should not be maintained at grazing heights lower than 30 cm if the objective is to maximize forage production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7244141
title: MORPHOGENETIC AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ALEXANDERGRASS PASTURES UNDER CONTINUOUS STOCKING

description: Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate some morphogenetic and structural characteristics to explain variations in forage accumulation of Alexandergrass (Urochloa (Syn. Brachiaria) plantaginea) under continuous stocking method. The experimental treatments consisted of four grazing heights (10, 20, 30, and 40 cm), allocated to experimental units following a randomized block design with three replicates. The following variables were analyzed: leaf appearance, elongation, and senescence rates, leaf lamina length, number of leaves per tiller, leaf area index (LAI), and forage accumulation rate. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and means were compared by Student's t-test (P≤0.05). The main results were: i) different grazing heights had different tissue flows; ii) grazing heights between 30-40 cm showed the highest LAI, and produced similar values; iii) forage accumulation rate increased according to grazing height increments, but did not change above 30 cm. In conclusion, Alexandergrass pastures under continuous stocking should not be maintained at grazing heights lower than 30 cm if the objective is to maximize forage production.