cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907883.v1
title: Xylanase - complex efficacy in high-energy diet for bulls finished in feedlot

description: ABSTRACT. Enzymes can be an interesting additive in high energy diets for feedlot cattle. However, literature is inconsistent on this subject. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate animal performance of feedlot bulls receiving high energy diet, composed of a mixture of 85% whole corn grain and 15% protein-mineral-vitamin nucleus, without or with xylanase included in the diets. Diets consisted of: CON - diet without enzymes (Control) and ENZ - diet with enzymes (5 g animal day-1). Thirty-two bulls were used, with an average age of 11 ( 2 months, average initial weight of 365 ( 5 kg, and finished for 119 days in feedlot. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of two treatments and eight replications, where each replication was represented by a stall with two animals. ENZ increased the weight gain (1.69 vs. 1.33 kg day-1) and improved the feed conversion (4.60 vs. 6.03 kg-1) in the adaptation period of the animals. Animals receiving ENZ increased 1.65% of carcass yield and were 7.57% more efficient in the conversion of dry matter consumed into carcass gain in relation to CON. Carcass traits of feedlot-finished bulls were not altered by inclusion of enzymes. Xylanase-complex could increase efficiency in feedlot bulls.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907502
title: Feeding behavior of categories of feedlot-finished beef cattle

description: ABSTRACT. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the feeding behavior of feedlot-finished bulls and cull cows in the Cerrado region of Piauí State, Brazil. Forty Zebu cattle were used, of which 20 steers averaging 283.0 ± 20.82 kg initial body weight and 30 months of age; and 20 cull cows averaging 296.1 ± 17.80 kg initial body weight and 100 months of age. Animals were grouped according to the following treatments: bulls and cull cows, using a completely randomized design. Feeding behavior was evaluated by means of visual observations every five minutes during 24h. Results were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test (p &lt; 0.05) using the System for Statistical and Genetic Analysis - SAEG (version 9.1). The feeding behavior was expected not to affect the feed intake of cull cows and bulls, so that feed management can be the same for both categories. For all variables, there were differences between the categories (p &gt; 0.05), showing that feeding behavior is influenced by the cattle category.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907502.v1
title: Feeding behavior of categories of feedlot-finished beef cattle

description: ABSTRACT. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the feeding behavior of feedlot-finished bulls and cull cows in the Cerrado region of Piauí State, Brazil. Forty Zebu cattle were used, of which 20 steers averaging 283.0 ± 20.82 kg initial body weight and 30 months of age; and 20 cull cows averaging 296.1 ± 17.80 kg initial body weight and 100 months of age. Animals were grouped according to the following treatments: bulls and cull cows, using a completely randomized design. Feeding behavior was evaluated by means of visual observations every five minutes during 24h. Results were subjected to analysis of variance by the F test (p &lt; 0.05) using the System for Statistical and Genetic Analysis - SAEG (version 9.1). The feeding behavior was expected not to affect the feed intake of cull cows and bulls, so that feed management can be the same for both categories. For all variables, there were differences between the categories (p &gt; 0.05), showing that feeding behavior is influenced by the cattle category.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907499
title: How the calving order of cows affects the performance of Nellore calves

description: ABSTRACT. This study aimed to verify the effect of age of dam on the performance of male and female Nellore calves, using the following variables: average daily gain (ADG), adjusted weight for 205 days of age (W205), and number of days to reach 160 kg (D160). Information were collected from a commercial herd consisting of 1,122 calves and 1,009 heifers and their mothers. To classify animals with similar performance based on the cows’ calving orders (age of dam), the multivariate cluster analysis was adopted through the complete linkage hierarchical method. The best performance was observed in the calves of cows in their sixth calving at most; for heifers, the best performance was seen in those born to cows in their eighth calving at most. Cows in their eighth calving should be discarded.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907499.v1
title: How the calving order of cows affects the performance of Nellore calves

description: ABSTRACT. This study aimed to verify the effect of age of dam on the performance of male and female Nellore calves, using the following variables: average daily gain (ADG), adjusted weight for 205 days of age (W205), and number of days to reach 160 kg (D160). Information were collected from a commercial herd consisting of 1,122 calves and 1,009 heifers and their mothers. To classify animals with similar performance based on the cows’ calving orders (age of dam), the multivariate cluster analysis was adopted through the complete linkage hierarchical method. The best performance was observed in the calves of cows in their sixth calving at most; for heifers, the best performance was seen in those born to cows in their eighth calving at most. Cows in their eighth calving should be discarded.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907505
title: Assessing different holding pen cooling systems through environmental variables and productivity of lactating cows

description: ABSTRACT. This studyaimed to assess different holding pen climatization systems for dairy cattle through environmental variables, milk production and economic indexes. Sixteen lactating cows were used, distributed in a 4 x 4 Latin square design consisting of four groups of four animals, assessed in four periods, seven days each, and in four holding pen environments: SUN- external environment (in the sun), SHA- 80%-protection polypropylenemesh shading, SHA + SPR- 80% polypropylene mesh shading + water sprinkling, SHA + SPR + VEN - 80% polypropylene mesh shading + water sprinkling + ventilation. The animals remained for 30 minutes in their respective environments. In this period, environmental variables were collected using data loggers, and the milk produced, in kg, by each animal was subjected to the treatments. Fixed and variable costs were calculated for economic analysis. The SHA + SPR + VEN treatment presented itself as the best environment (p &lt; 0.05), promoting an increase in the milk produced by the cows and in themonthly income, with 44 days for return on investment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907505.v1
title: Assessing different holding pen cooling systems through environmental variables and productivity of lactating cows

description: ABSTRACT. This studyaimed to assess different holding pen climatization systems for dairy cattle through environmental variables, milk production and economic indexes. Sixteen lactating cows were used, distributed in a 4 x 4 Latin square design consisting of four groups of four animals, assessed in four periods, seven days each, and in four holding pen environments: SUN- external environment (in the sun), SHA- 80%-protection polypropylenemesh shading, SHA + SPR- 80% polypropylene mesh shading + water sprinkling, SHA + SPR + VEN - 80% polypropylene mesh shading + water sprinkling + ventilation. The animals remained for 30 minutes in their respective environments. In this period, environmental variables were collected using data loggers, and the milk produced, in kg, by each animal was subjected to the treatments. Fixed and variable costs were calculated for economic analysis. The SHA + SPR + VEN treatment presented itself as the best environment (p &lt; 0.05), promoting an increase in the milk produced by the cows and in themonthly income, with 44 days for return on investment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907604
title: Characterization of beef cattle farming and the perspective for implementation of traceability

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to characterize the beef cattle farming profile in the State of Piauí for inference about the zootechnical record of animals for insertion into a traceability system. Data were collected through a semi-structured multiple choice questionnaire applied to 400 cattle breeders in all microregions of the state, in May and November 2012. The questions contained the following indicators: profile of the property and the breeder, herd conditions and technical conditions on herd registration. The cattle-raising scenario is predominantly characterized by family activity, with the majority of producers over 50 years of age, who are without great prospects for technological innovation, inserted in an environment where human resource renewal faces difficulties. Data analysis verified the prevalence of herds with up to 50 cattle farmed on properties with up to 50 ha, without individual identification of the animals. These results, coupled with the fact that the cattle breeders are technically unaware of the importance of the zootechnical record and the traceability, indicate the low probability of the activity to be inserted in a computerized environment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5907604.v1
title: Characterization of beef cattle farming and the perspective for implementation of traceability

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to characterize the beef cattle farming profile in the State of Piauí for inference about the zootechnical record of animals for insertion into a traceability system. Data were collected through a semi-structured multiple choice questionnaire applied to 400 cattle breeders in all microregions of the state, in May and November 2012. The questions contained the following indicators: profile of the property and the breeder, herd conditions and technical conditions on herd registration. The cattle-raising scenario is predominantly characterized by family activity, with the majority of producers over 50 years of age, who are without great prospects for technological innovation, inserted in an environment where human resource renewal faces difficulties. Data analysis verified the prevalence of herds with up to 50 cattle farmed on properties with up to 50 ha, without individual identification of the animals. These results, coupled with the fact that the cattle breeders are technically unaware of the importance of the zootechnical record and the traceability, indicate the low probability of the activity to be inserted in a computerized environment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503147
title: Assessment of indices of thermal stress indicators among male buffaloes reared in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT. This research aimed to determine the most appropriate thermal comfort index for buffaloes reared in the Eastern Amazon, Pará, Brazil. Twenty male Murrah buffaloes were used, and data on climate variables, rectal temperature (RT), body surface temperature (BST), and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded. Subsequently, the following indices were calculated: Temperature and Humidity Index (THI), Global Temperature and Humidity Index (GTHI), Benezra’s Thermal Comfort Index (BTCI), Ibéria’s Heat Tolerance Index (IHTI), the general, effective, and practical Buffalo Comfort Climatic Conditions Indices (BCCCIg, BCCCIe, and BCCCIp, respectively) and the general, effective, and practical Buffalo Environmental Comfort Indices (BECIg, BECIe, and BECIp, respectively) in the morning and afternoon. Higher values for THI, GTHI, RT, BST, RR, BTCI, BCCCIg, BCCCIe, BCCCIp, BECIg, BECIe, and BECIp were observed in the afternoon, and the highest IHTI values were found in the morning. A positive correlation was found among the physiological variables and THI, GTHI, BTCI, BCCCIg, BECIg, BCCCIe, BECIe, BCCCIp, BECIp, while a negative correlation was found for RT and BST with IHTI. The indices THI, GTHI, BCCCIg, BECIg, BCCCIe, BECIe, BCCCIp, and BECIp were determined to be very efficient to assess the thermal comfort status of buffaloes under the conditions of the present research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503147.v1
title: Assessment of indices of thermal stress indicators among male buffaloes reared in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT. This research aimed to determine the most appropriate thermal comfort index for buffaloes reared in the Eastern Amazon, Pará, Brazil. Twenty male Murrah buffaloes were used, and data on climate variables, rectal temperature (RT), body surface temperature (BST), and respiratory rate (RR) were recorded. Subsequently, the following indices were calculated: Temperature and Humidity Index (THI), Global Temperature and Humidity Index (GTHI), Benezra’s Thermal Comfort Index (BTCI), Ibéria’s Heat Tolerance Index (IHTI), the general, effective, and practical Buffalo Comfort Climatic Conditions Indices (BCCCIg, BCCCIe, and BCCCIp, respectively) and the general, effective, and practical Buffalo Environmental Comfort Indices (BECIg, BECIe, and BECIp, respectively) in the morning and afternoon. Higher values for THI, GTHI, RT, BST, RR, BTCI, BCCCIg, BCCCIe, BCCCIp, BECIg, BECIe, and BECIp were observed in the afternoon, and the highest IHTI values were found in the morning. A positive correlation was found among the physiological variables and THI, GTHI, BTCI, BCCCIg, BECIg, BCCCIe, BECIe, BCCCIp, BECIp, while a negative correlation was found for RT and BST with IHTI. The indices THI, GTHI, BCCCIg, BECIg, BCCCIe, BECIe, BCCCIp, and BECIp were determined to be very efficient to assess the thermal comfort status of buffaloes under the conditions of the present research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503483
title: Carcass and cut traits in nulliparous and lambed female sheep of different ages and genetic groups

description: ABSTRACT. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of genetic group, pregnancy and animal age on the carcass traits and commercial cut patterns of sheep carcasses. In the first experiment, the effect of pregnancy and genetic group were evaluated on 61 eleven month old Santa Inês ewes and their crosses with Texel, Dorper and Ile de France. Experiment 2 was carried out with 132 Santa Inês nulliparous or lambed ewes slaughtered with ages ranging from 6 to 48 months to evaluate the influence of age on carcass traits. For both experiments, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, carcass yield, cold carcass yield and carcass length were measured, as well as the yields and percentages of shoulder, neck, loin, belly, ribs, leg and leg length and perimeter. In experiment 1, the Santa Inês breed presented similar carcass and cut traits compared to the others genetic groups evaluated, except for fasting body weight. Lambed animals had lower body condition score than nulliparous females. In experiment 2, fasting body weight, loin, rib and leg weights, as well as the leg perimeter, presented a quadratic effect with increasing age. Ideal slaughter age is before 16 months to obtain more expensive cuts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503483.v1
title: Carcass and cut traits in nulliparous and lambed female sheep of different ages and genetic groups

description: ABSTRACT. Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of genetic group, pregnancy and animal age on the carcass traits and commercial cut patterns of sheep carcasses. In the first experiment, the effect of pregnancy and genetic group were evaluated on 61 eleven month old Santa Inês ewes and their crosses with Texel, Dorper and Ile de France. Experiment 2 was carried out with 132 Santa Inês nulliparous or lambed ewes slaughtered with ages ranging from 6 to 48 months to evaluate the influence of age on carcass traits. For both experiments, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, carcass yield, cold carcass yield and carcass length were measured, as well as the yields and percentages of shoulder, neck, loin, belly, ribs, leg and leg length and perimeter. In experiment 1, the Santa Inês breed presented similar carcass and cut traits compared to the others genetic groups evaluated, except for fasting body weight. Lambed animals had lower body condition score than nulliparous females. In experiment 2, fasting body weight, loin, rib and leg weights, as well as the leg perimeter, presented a quadratic effect with increasing age. Ideal slaughter age is before 16 months to obtain more expensive cuts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503195
title: Performance, gut morphometry and enzymatic activity of broilers fed neonatal supplementation in housing

description: ABSTRACT. The objective was to evaluate the performance, relative organ weight, morphometry, intestinal length and pancreatic enzyme activity of broilers receiving neonatal supplementation. A total of 900 Cobb 500 broiler chicks was housed in 30 boxes of 2.5 m². The treatments were divided in a completely randomized design with six replications, and consisted of five inclusion levels (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 grams per bird). The supplement used was based of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, which was provided on the ration on the first day in the housing. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS (2008) and when significant broken down using a polynomial regression. Due to the inclusion of the neonatal supplement in the period from one to seven and one to 21 days of age, the feed intake presented a linear effect and the weight gain, a quadratic effect. The relative weights of the gizzard and liver showed a quadratic effect, and the inclusions of 4.18 and 3.41 grams/bird provided the lowest weights, respectively. The jejunum villi height decreased with supplementation as well as the activity of pancreatic lipase. It can be concluded that neonatal supplementation benefited the performance of birds up to 21 days of age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503195.v1
title: Performance, gut morphometry and enzymatic activity of broilers fed neonatal supplementation in housing

description: ABSTRACT. The objective was to evaluate the performance, relative organ weight, morphometry, intestinal length and pancreatic enzyme activity of broilers receiving neonatal supplementation. A total of 900 Cobb 500 broiler chicks was housed in 30 boxes of 2.5 m². The treatments were divided in a completely randomized design with six replications, and consisted of five inclusion levels (0.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 grams per bird). The supplement used was based of amino acids, vitamins and minerals, which was provided on the ration on the first day in the housing. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS (2008) and when significant broken down using a polynomial regression. Due to the inclusion of the neonatal supplement in the period from one to seven and one to 21 days of age, the feed intake presented a linear effect and the weight gain, a quadratic effect. The relative weights of the gizzard and liver showed a quadratic effect, and the inclusions of 4.18 and 3.41 grams/bird provided the lowest weights, respectively. The jejunum villi height decreased with supplementation as well as the activity of pancreatic lipase. It can be concluded that neonatal supplementation benefited the performance of birds up to 21 days of age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503456
title: Productive and reproductive parameters in high and low growing Syrian Awassi lambs

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was characterize some productive and reproductive parameters in Syrian Awassi ewe lambs during different age stages. Thirty Syrian Awassi ewe lambs aged around 3 months were divided equally into 2 groups, high and low growing to identify productive and reproductive parameters during different stages. Blood samples were collected to determine progesterone and leptin concentrations. Daily milk samples were collected to determine the average daily production. At puberty, average body weight of higher growing was higher (48.4 kg) than de crescimento low growing (42.8 kg). Average age at puberty was 359.5 and 394.9 days for high and low groups, respectively with no differences. Mating, lambing and fecundity rates were similar among groups. Progesterone concentration was very low and increased rapidly at puberty with a sharp increase during pregnancy, followed by a noticeable decrease post lambing. There were individual variations in leptin concentration with no clear trend in groups. Average leptin concentration at puberty was 2.42 and 2.50 ng mL-1 for higher and low groups, respectively with no difference. Average daily milk production was higher for the higher group (1.495 g day-1) compared to 1.077 g day-1 for low grups. Thus, the lambs growing alter produtive and reproductive parameters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6503456.v1
title: Productive and reproductive parameters in high and low growing Syrian Awassi lambs

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was characterize some productive and reproductive parameters in Syrian Awassi ewe lambs during different age stages. Thirty Syrian Awassi ewe lambs aged around 3 months were divided equally into 2 groups, high and low growing to identify productive and reproductive parameters during different stages. Blood samples were collected to determine progesterone and leptin concentrations. Daily milk samples were collected to determine the average daily production. At puberty, average body weight of higher growing was higher (48.4 kg) than de crescimento low growing (42.8 kg). Average age at puberty was 359.5 and 394.9 days for high and low groups, respectively with no differences. Mating, lambing and fecundity rates were similar among groups. Progesterone concentration was very low and increased rapidly at puberty with a sharp increase during pregnancy, followed by a noticeable decrease post lambing. There were individual variations in leptin concentration with no clear trend in groups. Average leptin concentration at puberty was 2.42 and 2.50 ng mL-1 for higher and low groups, respectively with no difference. Average daily milk production was higher for the higher group (1.495 g day-1) compared to 1.077 g day-1 for low grups. Thus, the lambs growing alter produtive and reproductive parameters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504275
title: Analysis of growth curves in different lineages of Caipira broiler type

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this work was to identify, by means of different statistical criteria the ideal nonlinear regression model to describe the growth curve of three lineages of caipira broiler for meat production. A total of 90 birds were used, being 30 birds from each of the following lineages: Pescoço Pelado, Carijó and Pesadão Vermelho. The individual body weight of broilers (1, 7, 14, 21,28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84 and 91 days of age) was collected weekly for determination of growth curves by means of Models von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, Logistic, Richards and Brody. The parameters of Brody model did not converge to the weight of strains. The model that better adjusted to the data was Logistic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6504275.v1
title: Analysis of growth curves in different lineages of Caipira broiler type

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this work was to identify, by means of different statistical criteria the ideal nonlinear regression model to describe the growth curve of three lineages of caipira broiler for meat production. A total of 90 birds were used, being 30 birds from each of the following lineages: Pescoço Pelado, Carijó and Pesadão Vermelho. The individual body weight of broilers (1, 7, 14, 21,28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84 and 91 days of age) was collected weekly for determination of growth curves by means of Models von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, Logistic, Richards and Brody. The parameters of Brody model did not converge to the weight of strains. The model that better adjusted to the data was Logistic.