cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.339
title: Policy and institutional arrangement for water resource management : case study in Hakha watershed, Chin State, Myanmar

description: Hakha, the capital city of Chin State, Myanmar has been facing severe water shortage, water insecurity and water-related resources degradation for over a decade. The people in Hakha town are unable to meet their basic needs related to water, including for clean drinking water, domestic use, and for food requirements. This thesis addresses the research question: What are the major development changes, impacts of water access and allocation, and institutions, policy and laws in Hakha? The thesis is based on qualitative research that involved key informant interviews, focus group discussions and stakeholder analysis. The thesis finds that there have been major development changes in Hakha in term of infrastructure construction, population growth, land use and deforestation, and political systems. People in Hakha suffer shortages of water, and water scarcity impacts on economics, health and social life. In term of institutions for water resources management, formal institutions are unable to coordinate water access and allocation because of the inadequate laws and policies, while informal institutions marginalized from participation in decision-making processes. The thesis recommends that formal institutions, laws and policies must be drafted that reflect the actual needs and challenges in Hakha town. Furthermore, informal institutions should be allowed to fully participate to promote community-based decision making in watershed and water resources management.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.340
title: Myanmar garment industry after 2012 : trade and industrialrelations in Yangon industrial zone

description: Myanmar, recent reformed in political and economic has the competitive advantage of cheap labor especially in labor intensive garment sector which started in 1989 together with the country's policy of open market oriented economy. Garment sector attracted foreign companies to invest in Myanmar and became one of the major export sector employed millions of workers after the enactment of Foreign Investment Law in November 1988. In 2003, United State of America (US) blocked exports from Myanmar due to bad record of human rights and democracy. Since then, the industry began to get effect of sanctions gradually in particular falling export and unemployment. In 2012, after transforming Myanmar towards democratic country by 2010 election, US released its imported ban on Myanmar-made products. The European Union (EU) reinstated the generalized specific preference (GSP). This study look at the situation of Myanmar Garment Industry after sanction released in 2012 within the concept of industrial relations about how the government shape the political economy of the export oriented economy in accordance with the political opportunities like GSP, how labor unions protect labor rights and how employers perform to improve garment trade and to understand the situation of trade and industrial relations in industrial zone focus on the Hlaing Thar Yar industrial zone where most of the garment factories situated. This thesis shows the development of labor organization who are working towards increasing trade and improving labor rights in Myanmar. It also sees the corporation of government in negotiating between employees and employers by rules of law and legitimacy aspect towards good industrial relations practice.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.342
title: Corporate Social Responsibility in the Sugarcane Industry and Its Implications on Sustainable Development : A Case Study of Mitr Phol Sugar Corporation’s CSR Policy and Practice in Suphanburi Province, Thailand

description: This paper investigates Mitr Phol’s Sugar Company’s engagement with CSR policy and practice and its contribution to sustainable development within a farming community. The study examines the firm’s CSR motivation, and how this integrates concepts of stakeholder engagement and mitigates impacts on the environment. This topic was chosen to highlight Mitr Phol’s aim to address sustainability issues through dialogue and the empowerment of stakeholder communities. A qualitative case study approach was applied and involved interviewing key executives and managers, as well as conducting focus groups with community elders from municipal villages. The adaptation of corporate social performance (CSP) models and sustainable development frameworks shed light on the responsibility, responsiveness and outcome of CSR practice and its ramification on the community. It is revealed that CSR policy and practice are formulated at managerial levels and primarily focus on constructive engagements with stakeholders and commitments towards environmental sustainability. Mitr Phol does not merely aim to identify issues in the community, but strives towards building the capacity and knowledge of stakeholders, so they can actualize their own development initiatives. The firm practices balanced sustainability and acknowledges that it can only maintain natural capital to a certain degree. As a transnational economic agent, the company endeavors to integrate CSR throughout the company’s core competencies. The results of this study are useful for companies engaging in CSR.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.343
title: AGRARIAN TRANSITION, INTENSIFICATION AND THE RENEGOTIATION OF MIGRANT LABOR RELATIONS: CAMBODIAN WORKERS IN SUGAR CANE PRODUCTION IN NONG SANO VILLAGE, SAKAEO PROVINCE, THAILAND

description: Agriculture becomes more commercialized which farmers shift to cash crops that generate greater income. In Sakaeo province, there is also a transition to sugar cane. Factors that made farmers shift to sugar cane growing is support from both government sector and sugar cane mill. Farmers apply more inputs, land use, and labor in sugar cane production. This intensification heavily affects to labor dimension as there is a high demand on labor for sugar cane growing. As a result, Cambodian migrant workers have more bargaining power to renegotiate relations with Thai farmers. This thesis aims to explain why farmers intensified their production to sugar cane, and how they intensified it. Moreover this thesis also determine how intensification shapes renegotiation between Thai farmers and Cambodian migrant workers. This thesis applies agrarian transition as a conceptual framework which focuses on intensification process. It also employs social relations as another framework. This thesis used qualitative methodology to collect data from farmers and Cambodian migrant workers in Nong Sano village, Sakaoe province. This thesis argues that, firstly, agrarian transition from other crops to sugar cane growing in Nong Sano village occurred according to support from government sector and the sugar cane mill. Secondly, intensification in sugar cane production reduces Cambodian migrant labor vulnerability because increase on labor demand creates new kind of relations between Thai farmers and migrant labors which migrant labors have more choice and bargaining power to renegotiate. Thirdly, this thesis argues that Chaidan Burapa Farmers Association plays an important role in giving legal status to Cambodian migrant workers which also empower them.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.344
title: THE EFFECT OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR GROUP THERAPY ON BODY IMAGE SATISFACTION, SELF-OBJECTIFICATION AND SELF-COMPASSION IN THAI FEMALE ADOLESCENTS

description: The aim of this research study was to examine the effects of Cognitive Behavior Group Therapy (CBGT) on body image satisfaction, self-objectification, and self-compassion. A quasi-experimental research design with pre-posttest treatment-control group was employed. Forty-nine Thai female adolescents, age 15-18, who met selection criteria voluntarily participated in the study with parental permission. They were assigned to either a 2-hour 6-session program (n = 24) or a control group (n = 25). The program was conducted weekly for a period of 6 weeks. At pre- and post- study participation, participants’ body image satisfaction, self-objectification, and self-compassion were assessed. Data obtained were analyzed using between-group and repeated-measure Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA). Findings supported the hypotheses. The scores on body image satisfaction and self-compassion of the treatment group increased significantly and were significantly higher than those of the control group where no significant changes were observed. The scores on self-objectification of the treatment group were also found to be decreased significantly and was significant lower than that of the control group where no significant changes were observed.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.346
title: Microencapsulation of andrographolide using konjac glucomannan hydrolysate by spray drying technique

description: This research aimed at developing a suitable coating material from konjac glucomannan (KGM) for encapsulating a plant bioactive compound, andrographolide, using spray drying. There are three steps of study. In the first step, a suitable process for modifying the rheological properties of KGM solution by enzymatic treatment was developed. Mannanase (1500 units of enzyme) per 9% (w/w) of KGM solution was used in the study. The concentration of KGM solution was varied from 9 to 18% (w/w). It was found that 12% (w/w) was the optimum KGM concentration to obtain the konjac glucomannan hydrolysate (KGMH) with the viscosity less than 100 mPa·s. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis of hydrolyzed KGM showed that more than 27% of DP4-DP7 oligosaccharides were obtained. The second step, the solution was then used as coating material in spray drying with inlet air temperature of 170 °C and outlet air temperature of 85±3 °C. It was found that KGMH which was prepared from 12% (w/w) KGM was suitable for coating 2% (w/w) andrographolide. Its efficiency of encapsulation was also higher than using KGMH combined with gamma-cyclodextrin or beta-cyclodextrin. To produce a bioactive microcapsule, effect of spray drying temperature (outlet air temperature, 75±3 °C and 85±3 °C and inlet air temperature 150 °C, 170 °C and 190 °C) and concentration of the KGM (9%, 12%, 15%, 18% and 21% (w/w)) on encapsulation efficiency and yield of andrographolide microcapsules was studied. In the third step, the results indicated that andrographolide microcapsules produced at outlet air temperature at 85±3 °C had significantly (p≤0.05) higher % encapsulation and % product yield than those at 75±3 °C. Increasing inlet air temperature to 170 °C and 190 °C resulted in a higher significantly (p≤0.05) % encapsulation yield than at 150 °C. Therefore, the effect of inlet air temperature and concentration of KGM can effect with encapsulation efficiency of microcapsules. The 18% and 21% (w/w) concentration of KGM can enhance the retention of andrographolide in the microcapsules more than those of 9%, 12%, 15% (w/w). It was found that increasing the concentration of KGM during enzymatic hydrolysis had the same effect as increasing the inlet temperature to 170 °C and 190 °C. Physical and chemical properties of the microcapsules did not differ significantly (p&gt;0.05). The best condition is to use 21% (w/w) of KGM along with an inlet air temperature of 190 °C and outlet air temperature of 85±3 °C. It provided the best retention efficiency and yield of androprapholide. In vitro testing of release of andrographolide in a simulation model of piglet’s digestive system showed that more than 70% of andrographolide remained in the microcapsules and can be further released to the target site.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.347
title: ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF PEPTIDE FROM SPOTTED BABYLON Babylonia areolata

description: Inappropriate free radical levels are considered to be one of the major causes of various syndromes in living systems. Oxidative stress, which occurs when free radicals and antioxidant levels are in excess and insufficient, respectively, leading to cell and tissue damage, can be alleviated in some circumstances by the consumption of additional antioxidants. In this study, peptide derived from spotted babylon (Babylonia areolata) was hydrolysed using three kinds of proteases (alcalase, neutrase and flavozyme), and the flavozyme hydrolysate obtained by 3-h hydrolysis exhibited the highest DPPH, ABTS, NO, SOD, Catalase and GPx activities assay compared to other hydrolysates. By using ultrafiltration and gel filtration chromatography, the F3 fraction from the flavozyme hydrolysate of spotted Babylon was highest antioxidant activity. After that, F3 fraction from gel filtration chromatography was tested in RAW 264.7 cells by inhibition of NO production assay and MTT assay, and the F3 fraction was purified using HPLC technique. The chromatogram showed the profile which contained 4 main peaks. These 4 fractions will analyzed using mass spectrometry which was obtained 6 sequence in 4 peak.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.348
title: PHENYLETHYNYLENE CALIX[4]ARENES AS FLUORESCENCE SENSORS FOR NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS

description: This research deals with two novel fluorescent sensor series: the first series are calix[4]arene derivatives for TNT detection (part A) and the second series are salicylidenehydrazides for Al3+ detection (part B). In part A, the upper-rim of calix[4]arene is modified with phenylacetylene derivatives via Sonogashira coupling reaction to produce a wider cavity for entrapping TNT, which is highly explosives and recognized as a toxic substance. To improve water solubility, hydrophilic groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and amino groups were placed on the modified wider rim (BAC, SAC and ANC). The modified calix[4]arene with amino groups on the wider rim (ANC) exhibits highly selective fluorescence quenching toward TNT compared to the other nitro aromatic compounds in an aqueous medium due to the shape and hydrophobicity of the modified cavity. In addition, the electron donating amino groups on the phenyl ring on ANC enhances the sensitivity toward TNT comparing with BAC and SAC. The Stern-Volmer fluorescence quenching constant of TNT is 1.09 x 105 M-1 with limit of detection limit of 0.3 µM. The paper-based sensor ANC was also fabricated for a visual on-site detection of trace residues of TNT and its vapor. Part B, a series of N-salicylidenehydrazide derivatives has been developed for selective turn-on detection of Al3+ cation in aqueous media with large stroke shifts with three emissive colors, attributing to chelation-enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) effects which inhibit the non-radiative PET and ESIPT processes. Furan-2-carbohydrazide (F2) was chosen as a core structure for further design in shifting the blue emission to a longer wavelength. The addition of the second hydroxyl group at the para-position of a phenol (F3) and the additional of second hydrazide group on the phenol ring (F4) resulted in tuning the emission to longer wavelengths and also enhancing the ligand interaction with Al3+ cation. The developed F4-Al3+ complex integrates many attractive features into a single probe molecule, which includes emission at long wavelength (601 nm), remarkably large stroke shifts (133 nm) with the low detection limit of 3.1 nM. This thesis research was successful in design and synthesis the two novel fluorescent sensor series for selective detection of TNT (series 1) and Al3+ ion (series 2).
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.349
title: CLONING AND EXPRESSION OF Na+/H+ ANTIPORTER GENE FROM MICROALGAE

description: Na+/H+ antiporter is ubiquitous transmembrane protein. It is secondary active transporter, found in all living organisms. Fundamental role of this membrane protein is to regulate Na+. In addition, it is involved in pH homeostasis, cell cycle and proliferation, morphogenesis, and vesicle trafficking. To date, Na+/H+ antiporters have been extensively studied in bacteria, higher plants, and mammals. In contrast, little is known on microalgal Na+/H+antiporters. In this study, the putative NhaA Na+/H+ antiporter from marine microalga Ostreococcus tauri (OtNhaA) was cloned and expressed in the salt-sensitive mutant Escherichia coli TO114 (∆nhaA∆nhaB∆chaA). Topological model of OtNhaA predicted 10 transmembrane segments with a long N terminus. Both full length OtNhaA (FL_OtNhaA) and N –terminal truncation OtNhaA (∆N112_OtNhaA) proteins were constructed. Western blotting revealed that these proteins could be expressed and assembed in Escherichia coli TO114. Complementation test revealed that FL_OtNhaA and ∆N112_OtNhaA expressing cells increased tolerance to high concentration up to 700 mM NaCl (at pH 7). Antiporter assay using acridine quenching method revealed both FL_OtNhaA and ∆N112_OtNhaA predominantly exhibited Na+/H+ and Ca2+/H+ antiporter activities with maximal dequenching at pH 8.5. Interestingly, the ∆N112_OtNhaA could exhibit Na+/H+ and Ca2+/H+ antiporter activities higher than those of FL_OtNhaA. Kinetic analysis revealed that OtNhaA encodes a high affinity Na+/H+ or Ca2+/H+ antiporter with a Km of 1.1 ± 0.23 mM for Na+ (at pH 8.5) and a Km of 0.3 ± 0.07 mM for Ca2+ (at pH 8.5). To our knowledge, this is the first report of functional characterization of Na+/H+ antiporter from microalgae.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.350
title: SYNTHESIS OF HYDROCARBONS FROM METHANOL OVER COBALT-BASED CATALYSTS

description: The research aims to study the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbon over cobalt-based catalyst. The effect of reaction condition on conversion and hydrocarbon selectivity was investigated in batch as well as large scale fixed-bed reactor by using Co/γ-Al2O3. In addition, the catalytic activity of Co supported on various carriers and combination between ZSM-5 and Co/γ-Al2O3 was studied in small scale fixed-bed reactor. In batch reactor, the conversion and yield of total hydrocarbon product using 2% catalyst was reached maximum over catalyst loading of 3% for 2h at 300oC. The catalytic performance of Co/γ-Al2O3 catalyst exhibited the long chain hydrocarbon at 10bar. Over Co/γ-Al2O3, the higher temperature and lower flow rate favored cracking reaction. Furthermore, ZSM-5 supported Co obtained high conversion as well as yield of hydrocarbon. The loading of cobalt is negative effect on methanol conversion. To improve the catalytic activity of Co/γ-Al2O3 by combining with ZSM-5. The separated beds in order of ZSM5 and Co/γ-Al2O3 reached highest methanol conversion in different combination ways. However, it is lower selectivity towards C7+ hydrocarbon but higher by product selectivity than ZSM-5.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.351
title: SYSTEMATICS OF MITE ANYSTAE KRANTZ, 1978 IN THAILAND

description: Species in the hyporder Anystae Krantz, 1978 (sensu Zhang et al. 2011) are predatory mites usually found in soil and litter, moss, bark, on vegetation, or in deep soil habitats. In Thailand, only one known anystaen species was previously documented: Adamystis thailandensis Fuangarworn & Lekprayoon, 2010 (Adamystidae). The systematics of the Anystae in Thailand was comprehensively studied for the first time, based on specimens collected during 2011-2015 and old materials in the museums. The phylogenetic analysis including representatives from all anystaen families was also conducted for the first time to assess the interfamilial relationships of Anystae and related taxa, based on morphological characters. Eighteen species of the ansystaen mites are recognized in this study. Of these, 12 species are new to science and 5 species are new records for the Thai fauna. They are classified into 15 genera, in 10 families, one of which is a new genus, Chulacarus n. gen., in a new family, Chulacaridae n. fam. The new species were described and illustrated, including Anystis siamensis n. sp., Walzia chamrasae n. sp., W. monosetosa n. sp. (Anystidae); Neocaeculus orientalis n. sp.(Caeculidae); Chulacarus elegan n. sp. (Chulacaridae); Lactyoscythis kanchanaburiensis n. sp., Tarsolarkus pilosus n. sp., Tarsotomus ottoi n. sp. (Erythracaridae); Apomerantzia pasak n. sp. (Pomerantziidae); Anoplocheylus corticicola n. sp. (Pseudocheylidae); Stigmocheylus bochkovi n. sp. (Stigmocheylidae) and Austroteneriffia sunthorni n. sp. (Teneriffiidae). The redescriptions or supplementary descriptions were given for the new recorded species: Erythracarus nasutus Otto, 1999 (Erythracaridae); Tanytydeus kakadu Seeman & Walter, 1999, Tan. cf. egypticus (Soliman,1975) (Paratydeidae); Pomerantzia philippina Bochkov & Walter, 2007 (Pomerantziidae) and Anoplocheylus aegypticus Baker & Atyeo, 1946 (Pseudocheylidae). The descriptions of complete life cycles of Ano. corticicola n. sp., Ano. aegypticus Baker & Atyeo, N. orientalis n. sp., and Tan. kakadu Seeman & Walter, 1999 were also given for the first time, resulting in a new interpretation of the ontogeny of Pseudocheylidae and Paratydeidae. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that Anystae as a group is not monophyletic; it was retrieved as para- or polyphyletic. All families were recovered as a monophyletic group but deeper relationships are ambiguous due to changes in parameters (i.e. additivity, but additivity increases clade support). The overall results show incongruence with the previous studies concerning relationships of Anystae: the family Pseudocheylidae was retrieved as a sister group to the Eleutherengona; the superfamilial groupings in the previous classifications are not monophyletic; and Chulacaridae, once thought to belong to the superfamily Anystoidea, was recovered as a sister taxon of Paratydeidae + ((Stigmocheylidae + Pomerantziidae) + (Pseudocheylidae + Eleutherengona)) in the preferred tree.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2015.352
title: SYNTHESIS OF QUATERNARY AMMONIUM CHITOSAN IN IONIC LIQUID

description: In this study, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) was used as a solvent for synthesis of positive-charged chitosan derivatives, N,N,N-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (TMC), N-[(2-hydroxyl-3-trimethylammonium) propyl]chitosan chloride (HTCC), N-butyl-N-[(2-hydroxyl-3-trimethylammonium) propyl]chitosan chloride (NB-HTCC) and N-octyl-N-[(2-hydroxyl-3-trimethylammonium) propyl]chitosan chloride (NO-HTCC). The degree of quaternization (DQ) of the charge derivatives were calculated from NMR analysis. It was found that chitosan dissolved completely in BMIMCl after 16 h of heating at 90°C. The optimized reaction condition of TMC synthesis gave a maximum DQ of 40%, which was lower than the original method of using NMP as reaction media (75%DQ). It was possible that water from aqueous NaOH/NaI caused the chitosan polymer to precipitate in the reaction mixture, retarding the reaction. For HTCC compounds, the DQ of HTCC, NB-HTCC, and NO-HTCC were 87±4, 90±2 and 95±1 respectively. The synthesis of HTCC by using re-purified solvent (BMIMCl) was evaluated. For the most efficiency, it is recommended that BMIMCl should be re-used only once in the production of HTCC from chitosan. The antibacterial activity test for HTCC derivatives was carried out. HTCC, NB-HTCC and NO-HTCC had higher antibacterial activity against S.aureus (gram positive bacteria) than the original chitosan. This indicates that the positive charge on chitosan effectively improved the antibacterial activity of the polymer.