cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1455478.v11
title: Seattle Street Clock Database

description: This spreadsheet contains three tables: Clocks, Owners, and Evidence - Clocks tab's name column and Owners tab's corporation column keys in Evidence. - Evidence is a list of every unique fact I have via newspaper, photograph, document, or otherwise about when a clock was in a particular location, and who owned it at that time. v1 has 1033 pieces of evidence. Please contact me if you have additions or find errors in my data. I will be refreshing this periodically. I constantly find new resources. Along with my friend Paul Middents we have proven the connection between many owners, and I know that there will be more discoveries to show which clocks were later owned by another jeweler.<br><br>A few notes on fields: <br>- In Evidence, "Var_Year" indicates a +/- value on the Source_Year. Empty means exact. 0 means it was the first year that the clock was at that location. - If the Source_Type is Photograph, Source_ID has a value, and there is no URL, then I have the photo on my harddrive but can't post it. - In Clocks, if the Unique field is Yes, then I'm sure that this clock cannot be matched with any other clocks in the list. There are 114 clocks in the list which is excessive. It should be down closer to 60. - There are a few large sign clocks in the database. They are all in downtown. The O. B. McClintocks definitely belong in the database, and the few other signs are described that way in the Notes field of both Evidence and Clocks. On the linked page I will maintain a list of open questions, and areas I know I need to work on.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454516
title: Analysis of alternative pathways for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions

description: Strategies for reducing tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) typically include modifying combustion processes to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and applying control devices that remove NO<sub>x</sub> from the exhaust gases of power plants, industrial sources and vehicles. For portions of the U.S., these traditional controls may not be sufficient to achieve the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone. We apply the MARKet ALlocation (MARKAL) energy system model in a sensitivity analysis to explore whether additional NO<sub>x</sub> reductions can be achieved through extensive electrification of passenger vehicles, adoption of energy efficiency and conservation measures within buildings, and deployment of wind and solar power in the electric sector. Nationally and for each region of the country, we estimate the NO<sub>x</sub> implications of these measures. Energy efficiency and renewable electricity are shown to reduce NO<sub>x</sub> beyond traditional controls. Wide-spread light duty vehicle electrification produces varied results, with NO<sub>x</sub> increasing in some regions and decreasing in others. However, combining vehicle electrification with renewable electricity reduces NO<sub>x</sub> in all regions.Implications: <i>State governments are charged with developing plans that demonstrate how air quality standards will be met and maintained. The results presented here provide an indication of the national and regional NO<sub>x</sub> reductions available beyond traditional controls via extensive adoption of energy efficiency, renewable electricity, and vehicle electrification.</i>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454519
title: DNA methylation provides insight into intergenerational risk for preterm birth in African Americans

description: African Americans are at increased risk for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB). Though PTB is heritable, genetic studies have not identified variants that account for its intergenerational risk, prompting the hypothesis that epigenetic factors may also contribute. The objective of this study was to evaluate DNA methylation from maternal leukocytes to identify patterns specific to PTB and its intergenerational risk. DNA from peripheral leukocytes from African American women that delivered preterm (24–34 weeks; N = 16) or at term (39–41 weeks; N = 24) was assessed for DNA methylation using the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. In maternal samples, 17,829 CpG sites associated with PTB, but no CpG site remained associated after correction for multiple comparisons. Examination of paired maternal-fetal samples identified 5,171 CpG sites in which methylation of maternal samples correlated with methylation of her respective fetus (FDR &lt; 0.05). These correlated sites were enriched for association with PTB in maternal leukocytes. The majority of correlated CpG sites could be attributed to one or more genetic variants. They were also significantly more likely to be in genes involved in metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune pathways, suggesting a role for genetic and environmental contributions to PTB risk and chronic disease. The results of this study may provide insight into the factors underlying intergenerational risk for PTB and its consequences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454520.v5
title: Exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells confer drug resistance in gastric cancer

description: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in chemoresistance. Exosomes have been reported to modify cellular phenotype and function by mediating cell-cell communication. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exosomes) are involved in mediating the resistance to chemotherapy in gastric cancer and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that MSC-exosomes significantly induced the resistance of gastric cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil both in vivo and ex vivo. MSC-exosomes antagonized 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis and enhanced the expression of multi-drug resistance associated proteins, including MDR, MRP and LRP. Mechanistically, MSC-exosomes triggered the activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM-Ks) and Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade in gastric cancer cells. Blocking the CaM-Ks/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway inhibited the promoting role of MSC-exosomes in chemoresistance. Collectively, MSC-exosomes could induce drug resistance in gastric cancer cells by activating CaM-Ks/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Our findings suggest that MSC-exosomes have profound effects on modifying gastric cancer cells in the development of drug resistance. Targeting the interaction between MSC-exosomes and cancer cells may help improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in gastric cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454519.v4
title: DNA methylation provides insight into intergenerational risk for preterm birth in African Americans

description: African Americans are at increased risk for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB). Though PTB is heritable, genetic studies have not identified variants that account for its intergenerational risk, prompting the hypothesis that epigenetic factors may also contribute. The objective of this study was to evaluate DNA methylation from maternal leukocytes to identify patterns specific to PTB and its intergenerational risk. DNA from peripheral leukocytes from African American women that delivered preterm (24–34 weeks; N = 16) or at term (39–41 weeks; N = 24) was assessed for DNA methylation using the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. In maternal samples, 17,829 CpG sites associated with PTB, but no CpG site remained associated after correction for multiple comparisons. Examination of paired maternal-fetal samples identified 5,171 CpG sites in which methylation of maternal samples correlated with methylation of her respective fetus (FDR &lt; 0.05). These correlated sites were enriched for association with PTB in maternal leukocytes. The majority of correlated CpG sites could be attributed to one or more genetic variants. They were also significantly more likely to be in genes involved in metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune pathways, suggesting a role for genetic and environmental contributions to PTB risk and chronic disease. The results of this study may provide insight into the factors underlying intergenerational risk for PTB and its consequences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454511
title: Table 3. The Effect of the Prize on Laureates’ Authorship Patterns

description: The Laureates increased the average number of authors per coauthored paper after winning the Prize. Further, Laureates show a spike in sole-authored publications in the two years after winning the Prize, perhaps due to the increasing request to write review articles. But after two years the number of sole-authored publications quickly returns to pre-Prize levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454519.v3
title: DNA methylation provides insight into intergenerational risk for preterm birth in African Americans

description: African Americans are at increased risk for spontaneous preterm birth (PTB). Though PTB is heritable, genetic studies have not identified variants that account for its intergenerational risk, prompting the hypothesis that epigenetic factors may also contribute. The objective of this study was to evaluate DNA methylation from maternal leukocytes to identify patterns specific to PTB and its intergenerational risk. DNA from peripheral leukocytes from African American women that delivered preterm (24–34 weeks; N = 16) or at term (39–41 weeks; N = 24) was assessed for DNA methylation using the HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. In maternal samples, 17,829 CpG sites associated with PTB, but no CpG site remained associated after correction for multiple comparisons. Examination of paired maternal-fetal samples identified 5,171 CpG sites in which methylation of maternal samples correlated with methylation of her respective fetus (FDR &lt; 0.05). These correlated sites were enriched for association with PTB in maternal leukocytes. The majority of correlated CpG sites could be attributed to one or more genetic variants. They were also significantly more likely to be in genes involved in metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune pathways, suggesting a role for genetic and environmental contributions to PTB risk and chronic disease. The results of this study may provide insight into the factors underlying intergenerational risk for PTB and its consequences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454520.v7
title: Exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells confer drug resistance in gastric cancer

description: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in chemoresistance. Exosomes have been reported to modify cellular phenotype and function by mediating cell-cell communication. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exosomes) are involved in mediating the resistance to chemotherapy in gastric cancer and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that MSC-exosomes significantly induced the resistance of gastric cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil both in vivo and ex vivo. MSC-exosomes antagonized 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis and enhanced the expression of multi-drug resistance associated proteins, including MDR, MRP and LRP. Mechanistically, MSC-exosomes triggered the activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM-Ks) and Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade in gastric cancer cells. Blocking the CaM-Ks/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway inhibited the promoting role of MSC-exosomes in chemoresistance. Collectively, MSC-exosomes could induce drug resistance in gastric cancer cells by activating CaM-Ks/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Our findings suggest that MSC-exosomes have profound effects on modifying gastric cancer cells in the development of drug resistance. Targeting the interaction between MSC-exosomes and cancer cells may help improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in gastric cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454516.v2
title: Analysis of alternative pathways for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions

description: Strategies for reducing tropospheric ozone (O<sub>3</sub>) typically include modifying combustion processes to reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and applying control devices that remove NO<sub>x</sub> from the exhaust gases of power plants, industrial sources and vehicles. For portions of the U.S., these traditional controls may not be sufficient to achieve the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for ozone. We apply the MARKet ALlocation (MARKAL) energy system model in a sensitivity analysis to explore whether additional NO<sub>x</sub> reductions can be achieved through extensive electrification of passenger vehicles, adoption of energy efficiency and conservation measures within buildings, and deployment of wind and solar power in the electric sector. Nationally and for each region of the country, we estimate the NO<sub>x</sub> implications of these measures. Energy efficiency and renewable electricity are shown to reduce NO<sub>x</sub> beyond traditional controls. Wide-spread light duty vehicle electrification produces varied results, with NO<sub>x</sub> increasing in some regions and decreasing in others. However, combining vehicle electrification with renewable electricity reduces NO<sub>x</sub> in all regions.Implications: <i>State governments are charged with developing plans that demonstrate how air quality standards will be met and maintained. The results presented here provide an indication of the national and regional NO<sub>x</sub> reductions available beyond traditional controls via extensive adoption of energy efficiency, renewable electricity, and vehicle electrification.</i>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454520.v6
title: Exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells confer drug resistance in gastric cancer

description: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in chemoresistance. Exosomes have been reported to modify cellular phenotype and function by mediating cell-cell communication. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exosomes) are involved in mediating the resistance to chemotherapy in gastric cancer and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that MSC-exosomes significantly induced the resistance of gastric cancer cells to 5-fluorouracil both in vivo and ex vivo. MSC-exosomes antagonized 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis and enhanced the expression of multi-drug resistance associated proteins, including MDR, MRP and LRP. Mechanistically, MSC-exosomes triggered the activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaM-Ks) and Raf/MEK/ERK kinase cascade in gastric cancer cells. Blocking the CaM-Ks/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway inhibited the promoting role of MSC-exosomes in chemoresistance. Collectively, MSC-exosomes could induce drug resistance in gastric cancer cells by activating CaM-Ks/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Our findings suggest that MSC-exosomes have profound effects on modifying gastric cancer cells in the development of drug resistance. Targeting the interaction between MSC-exosomes and cancer cells may help improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in gastric cancer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454509
title: Table 1: Descriptive Statistics at Author Level for Laureates and Non-Laureates

description: In terms of numbers of publications, the Nobel Laureates (Phys or Medicine) produced on average significantly fewer papers over the course of their careers than the non-Laureates. Laureates also had fewer coauthors across their career. Further, the Nobel Laureates produced a significantly higher percentage of sole-authored papers than the non-Laureates both before and after winning the Nobel Prize (see also table 3). The two groups exhibited roughly identical percentages of papers where they appear as the first author or last author. To correct for the number of reviews or comments a NL writes as a consequence of winning the prize
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454510
title: Table 2. Descriptive Statistics at Paper Level by Laureates and Non-Laureates

description: The data show that the Laureates (Phys or Medicine) accumulated many more citations per paper (times cited) than the non-Laureates, even with matched h-indexes. The data show no meaningful differences between the groups in the average number of authors per coauthored paper, the average number of nations per paper, or the percentage of international connections.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454511.v2
title: Table 3. The Effect of the Prize on Laureates’ Authorship Patterns

description: The Laureates increased the average number of authors per coauthored paper after winning the Prize. Further, Laureates show a spike in sole-authored publications in the two years after winning the Prize, perhaps due to the increasing request to write review articles. But after two years the number of sole-authored publications quickly returns to pre-Prize levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454516.v1
title: Analysis of alternative pathways for reducing NOx emissions

description: ImplicationsState governments are charged with developing plans that demonstrate how air quality standards will be met and maintained. The results presented here provide an indication of the national and regional NOx reductions available beyond traditional controls via extensive adoption of energy efficiency, renewable electricity and vehicle electrification.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454511.v1
title: The Effect of the Prize on Laureates’ Authorship Patterns

description: The Laureates increased the average number of authors per coauthored paper after winning the Prize. Further, Laureates show a spike in sole-authored publications in the two years after winning the Prize, perhaps due to the increasing request to write review articles. But after two years the number of sole-authored publications quickly returns to pre-Prize levels.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454500
title: Multiscale characterization of dislocation processes in Al 5754

description: Multiscale characterization was performed on an Al–Mg alloy, Al 5754 O-temper, including <i>in situ</i> mechanical deformation in both the scanning electron microscope and the transmission electron microscope. Scanning electron microscopy characterization showed corresponding inhomogeneity in the dislocation and Mg distribution, with higher levels of Mg correlating with elevated levels of dislocation density. At the nanoscale, <i>in situ</i> transmission electron microscopy straining experiments showed that dislocation propagation through the Al matrix is characterized by frequent interactions with obstacles smaller than the imaging resolution that resulted in the formation of dislocation debris in the form of dislocation loops. <i>Post</i>-<i>mortem</i> chemical characterization and comparison to dislocation loop behaviour in an Al–Cr alloy suggests that these obstacles are small Mg clusters. Previous theoretical work and indirect experimental evidence have suggested that these Mg nanoclusters are important factors contributing to strain instabilities in Al–Mg alloys. This study provides direct experimental characterization of the interaction of glissile dislocations with these nanoclusters and the stress needed for dislocations to overcome them.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454509.v1
title: Table 1: Descriptive Statistics at Author Level for Laureates and Non-Laureates

description: In terms of numbers of publications, the Nobel Laureates (Phys or Medicine) produced on average significantly fewer papers over the course of their careers than the non-Laureates. Laureates also had fewer coauthors across their career. Further, the Nobel Laureates produced a significantly higher percentage of sole-authored papers than the non-Laureates both before and after winning the Nobel Prize (see also table 3). The two groups exhibited roughly identical percentages of papers where they appear as the first author or last author. To correct for the number of reviews or comments a NL writes as a consequence of winning the prize
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454498
title: Photosynthetic and fatty acid acclimation of four phytoplankton species in response to light intensity and phosphorus availability

description: Photosynthetic acclimation of phytoplankton to lower irradiation can be met by several strategies such as increasing the affinity for light or increasing antenna size and stacking of the thylakoids. The latter is reflected by a higher proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Additionally, photosynthetic capacity (P<sub>max</sub>), respiratory losses, and proton leakage can be reduced under low light. Here we consider the effect of light intensity and phosphorus availability simultaneously on the photosynthetic acclimation and fatty acid composition of four phytoplankters. We studied representatives of the Chlorophyceae, Cryptophyceae and Mediophyceae, all of which are important components of plankton communities in temperate lakes. In our analysis, excluding fatty acid composition, we found different acclimation strategies in the chlorophytes <i>Scenedesmus quadricauda, Chlamydomonas globosa</i>, cryptophyte <i>Cryptomonas ovata</i> and ochrophyte <i>Cyclotella meneghiniana</i>. We observed interactive effects of light and phosphorus conditions on photosynthetic capacity in <i>S. quadricauda</i> and <i>Cry. ovata. Cry. ovata</i> can be characterized as a low light-acclimated species, whereas <i>S. quadricauda</i> and <i>Cyc. meneghiniana</i> can cope best with a combination of high light intensities and low phosphorus supply. Principal component analyses (PCA), including fatty acid composition, showed further species-specific patterns in their regulation of P<sub>max</sub> with PUFAs and light. In <i>S. quadricauda</i> and <i>Cyc. meneghiniana</i>, PUFAs negatively affected the relationship between P<sub>max</sub> and light. In <i>Chl. globosa</i>, lower light coincided with higher PUFAs and lower P<sub>max</sub>, but PCA also indicated that PUFAs had no direct influence on P<sub>max</sub>. PUFAs and P<sub>max</sub> were unaffected by light in <i>Cry. ovata</i>. We did not observe a general trend in the four species tested and concluded that, in particular, the interactive effects highlight the importance of taking into account more than one environmental factor when assessing photosynthetic acclimation to lower irradiation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1454499
title: An Efficient Regeneration System and Optimization of the Transformation from the Cotyledonary Node of Jute (<i>Corchorus capsularis</i> L.)

description: The purpose of this study was to use cotyledonary nodes as explants to establish an efficient regeneration protocol for jute (<i>Corchorus capsularis</i> L.) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. Research into the different growth regulators using the orthogonal design L16 (4<sup>5</sup>) revealed that the best shoot induction medium is MS medium containing 8% (w/v) agar and 3% (w/v) sucrose supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6BA and 0.25 mg/L NAA. The average number of shoots per explant and the explant induction rate were 9.8 and 100%. After 3 weeks, 2–3 cm shoots were rooting on 1/2 MS medium containing 8% (w/v) agar and 3% (w/v) sucrose supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.2 mg/L NAA. Moreover, we optimized <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transformation using the <i>GUS</i> gene transient expression system. The best condition for obtaining higher transformation rate consisted of the use of fresh explants to which 100 μM acetosyringone was added for a co-culture time of 10 min, the OD value of <i>Agrobacterium</i> liquid is 0.5 at 600 nm. These data provide an important basis for the application of other trait gene in the improvement of jute fiber quality.