cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985850.v1
title: Comparison of the seminal quality of Canindé and British Alpine goats in the Brazilian Northeast

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the sperm quality of Canindé (native) and British Alpine (exotic) goats in the Northeast of Brazil. The experiment was carried out from July to September of the years 2015 and 2016. Sperm collections of Canindé (n = 4) and British Alpine (n = 7) males were performed using artificial vagina. After collection, the sperm was evaluated for volume (ml), concentration (sptz/ml), motility (%), and vigor (1-5). Then diluted in ACP-101c and cryopreserved in TK3000TM machine. Subsequently, kinetic parameters were analyzed through SCA TM software and mitochondrial activity. In fresh sperm, the two races presented values of motility and concentration within the recommended for the specie. However, volume and scrotal circumference values were higher in the British Alpine breed (0.73 mL ± 0.32; 27.35 cm ± 2.09) than in the Canindé breed (0.36 mL ± 0.07; 23 , 25 cm ± 0.95) (p &lt;0.05). In the thawed sperm, the parameters total motility - TM (36.96% ± 11.16 vs. 20.50% ± 14.15), progressive motility - PM (26.67% ± 11.13 vs. 11.29 % ± 9.42), vigor (2.91 ± 0.90 vs. 1.88 ± 0.67), curvilinear velocity - VCL (78.12 μm/s ± 12.41 vs. 59.28 μm/s ± 15.57), linear velocity - VSL (49.23 μm/s ± 9.87 vs. 29.9 μm/s ± 9.48), mean velocity of the trajectory - VAP (66.08 μm/s ± 12.77 vs. 45.70 μm/s ± 12.20), linearity - LIN (62.97% ± 6.96 vs. 49.54% ± 9.50), rectilinearity - STR (74.63% ± 6.44 vs. 65.77% ± 8.92), and oscillation -WOB (84.32% ± 5.94 vs. 74.42% ± 7.31) were higher for Canindé breed than for British Alpine ( p &lt; 0.05). Therefore, fresh sperm from both breeds can be used in reproductive biotechniques. On the other hand, the post-thawed sperm of the Canindé breed showed better quality, probably because the animals were more adapted to the adverse conditions of the Northeast region and are recommended for artificial insemination programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985838
title: Association between insufficient level of physical activity and multiple health risk behaviors in adolescents

description: Abstract Aim: To verify the association between insufficient level of physical activity and multiple health risk behaviors (HRB) in adolescents. Methods: This is an epidemiological study with cross-sectional design carried out in 2016 with 3,617 adolescents aged 14-19 years and enrolled in the public-school system of Sergipe, northeast Brazil. Data were collected using the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS/WHO). The insufficient level of physical activity was defined as not achieving at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity for 5 days a week. The HRB analyzed were smoking, alcohol consumption, low fruit consumption and exposure to sedentary behavior. The analysis of prevalence odds ratio was used to identify the association between insufficient level of physical activity and HRB, as well as unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression for the association between socioeconomic and demographic variables. Results: The prevalence of insufficient level of physical activity was 83.3%. There was association between physical inactivity and low fruit consumption and alcohol consumption (p&lt;0.001). Insufficient level of physical activity was also associated with female sex (OR=1.90, 95% CI, 1.56-2.32), family income of up to 2 minimum wages (OR=1.57, 95% CI, 1.17-2.11), maternal schooling less than 8 years (OR=1.55, 95% CI, 1.28-1.86) and exposure to two different HRB at the same time (OR=1.76, 95% CI, 1.27-2.45). Conclusion: The prevalence of insufficient level of physical activity is high and was associated with multiple HRBs in this understudied population. These findings may support interventions focusing on the cluster of risk behaviors in youth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985841
title: Morphometry of the lateral and medial meniscus in the equine femorotibial joint

description: ABSTRACT Meniscal lesions are one of the main causes of pain and lameness in horses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphometry of the meniscus of the femorotibial joint of horses. 48 meniscus were used from 12 animals, aged between five and 15 years and weighing between 400kg and 500kg. The measurement of the peripheral extension went from the most cranial part to the most caudal, denominated external circumference (CE). The internal margin, with the same treatment, was called internal circumference (IC). The meniscus was divided into cranial, middle and caudal thirds. The thickness was obtained at the midpoints of each third. The area of the meniscus in contact with the femoral condyles was also calculated. The medial meniscus presented a higher CE with a mean of 126.38mm, while the lateral meniscus presented a mean of 115.32mm. The lateral meniscus showed greater thickness in the middle and caudal thirds, with mean values of 16.00mm and 19.85mm respectively, against 13.75mm and 14.99mm of the medial meniscus. The results of this study showed an important relationship between the morphometric data and the clinical findings in an attempt to explain the higher incidence of lesions involving the medial meniscus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985832
title: Effect of feeding grape seed Proanthocyanidin extract on production performance, metabolic and anti-oxidative status of dairy cattle

description: ABSTRACT Aims to investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on production performance, metabolism, and anti-oxidative status of Holstein dairy cattle in early lactation. Forty-eight multiparous Holstein dairy cattle were assigned to four groups (CON, G20, G40 and G80) and supplied with 0, 20, 40, and 80mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day. G20 significantly increased milk yield compared with other groups. Milk protein and non-fat-solids were increased in G20, G40 and G80 groups compared with the control group only at the 7th day during the experiment. No significant difference was observed in milk fat and somatic cell count, nor on parameters of energy metabolism in blood, liver function and kidney function between the four groups. There was no significant difference in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and hydrogen peroxide between the groups; but the malondialdehyde content of G20 significantly increased at day 14 in comparison with CON, and tended to increase at the 28th day. In conclusion, feeding 20mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day was associated with a significant increase in milk yield without detrimental effects on liver or kidney function and with substantial energy metabolism and antioxidant parameters improvement in early lactation dairy cattle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985835.v1
title: Pediatric enteral nutrition therapy for burn victims: when should it be initiated?

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To review the scientific evidence regarding the initiation of enteral nutrition in the pediatric burn population. Methods: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing early enteral nutrition and late enteral nutrition in individuals aged 1 month to 18 years with burns. The MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases were searched using the terms "burns", "fires", "child nutrition disorders", "nutritional support" and related terms. Results: Three articles that included a total of 781 patients were identified. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between the early and late groups (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.46 - 1.15, p = 0.17). Patients who received early enteral nutrition had a 3.69-day reduction in the length of hospital stay (mean difference = -3.69, 95%CI = -4.11 - -3.27, p &lt; 0.00001). There was a higher incidence of diarrhea and vomiting and decreased intestinal permeability in the early group. This group also presented higher a serum insulin concentration and insulin/glucagon ratio as well as lower caloric deficit and weight loss when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Analysis of the different intragroup variables suggests the importance of starting nutritional support early. Considering the number of pediatric burn patients, there is a need for robust studies with greater scientific impact.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985832.v1
title: Effect of feeding grape seed Proanthocyanidin extract on production performance, metabolic and anti-oxidative status of dairy cattle

description: ABSTRACT Aims to investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on production performance, metabolism, and anti-oxidative status of Holstein dairy cattle in early lactation. Forty-eight multiparous Holstein dairy cattle were assigned to four groups (CON, G20, G40 and G80) and supplied with 0, 20, 40, and 80mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day. G20 significantly increased milk yield compared with other groups. Milk protein and non-fat-solids were increased in G20, G40 and G80 groups compared with the control group only at the 7th day during the experiment. No significant difference was observed in milk fat and somatic cell count, nor on parameters of energy metabolism in blood, liver function and kidney function between the four groups. There was no significant difference in glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, and hydrogen peroxide between the groups; but the malondialdehyde content of G20 significantly increased at day 14 in comparison with CON, and tended to increase at the 28th day. In conclusion, feeding 20mg GSPE/kg of body weight/day was associated with a significant increase in milk yield without detrimental effects on liver or kidney function and with substantial energy metabolism and antioxidant parameters improvement in early lactation dairy cattle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985838.v1
title: Association between insufficient level of physical activity and multiple health risk behaviors in adolescents

description: Abstract Aim: To verify the association between insufficient level of physical activity and multiple health risk behaviors (HRB) in adolescents. Methods: This is an epidemiological study with cross-sectional design carried out in 2016 with 3,617 adolescents aged 14-19 years and enrolled in the public-school system of Sergipe, northeast Brazil. Data were collected using the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS/WHO). The insufficient level of physical activity was defined as not achieving at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity for 5 days a week. The HRB analyzed were smoking, alcohol consumption, low fruit consumption and exposure to sedentary behavior. The analysis of prevalence odds ratio was used to identify the association between insufficient level of physical activity and HRB, as well as unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression for the association between socioeconomic and demographic variables. Results: The prevalence of insufficient level of physical activity was 83.3%. There was association between physical inactivity and low fruit consumption and alcohol consumption (p&lt;0.001). Insufficient level of physical activity was also associated with female sex (OR=1.90, 95% CI, 1.56-2.32), family income of up to 2 minimum wages (OR=1.57, 95% CI, 1.17-2.11), maternal schooling less than 8 years (OR=1.55, 95% CI, 1.28-1.86) and exposure to two different HRB at the same time (OR=1.76, 95% CI, 1.27-2.45). Conclusion: The prevalence of insufficient level of physical activity is high and was associated with multiple HRBs in this understudied population. These findings may support interventions focusing on the cluster of risk behaviors in youth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985841.v1
title: Morphometry of the lateral and medial meniscus in the equine femorotibial joint

description: ABSTRACT Meniscal lesions are one of the main causes of pain and lameness in horses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphometry of the meniscus of the femorotibial joint of horses. 48 meniscus were used from 12 animals, aged between five and 15 years and weighing between 400kg and 500kg. The measurement of the peripheral extension went from the most cranial part to the most caudal, denominated external circumference (CE). The internal margin, with the same treatment, was called internal circumference (IC). The meniscus was divided into cranial, middle and caudal thirds. The thickness was obtained at the midpoints of each third. The area of the meniscus in contact with the femoral condyles was also calculated. The medial meniscus presented a higher CE with a mean of 126.38mm, while the lateral meniscus presented a mean of 115.32mm. The lateral meniscus showed greater thickness in the middle and caudal thirds, with mean values of 16.00mm and 19.85mm respectively, against 13.75mm and 14.99mm of the medial meniscus. The results of this study showed an important relationship between the morphometric data and the clinical findings in an attempt to explain the higher incidence of lesions involving the medial meniscus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985811
title: Arts in Medical Education: a Systematic Literature Review

description: ABSTRACT Introduction The introduction of the arts into the medical curriculum has sparked increasing interest since they present unique qualities that can aid in the development of the social aspects of medical practice, offering new and distinctive ways of exploring knowledge and professional identity. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the arts in the medical curriculum, through a bibliographical review. Methodology The Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed and Eric databases were searched for published articles on studies that attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of an arts-based approach in undergraduate medical education. Other articles were identified through active searching. The following descriptors (art or visual arts or paintings or literature or narrative or poetry or theatre or movies or films or cinema) AND (medical education or medical student or medical curriculum) were used. We included only articles related to studies that were conducted with medical students and which evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention by comparison between groups (quantitative studies) or by medical student satisfaction by questionnaire (qualitative studies). The selected articles were read in full in order to identify the type of art used in the intervention, the author, the sample, the methodology and the conclusion about the reported activity. Results A total of 28 articles were included in the study, distributed according to the type of art used: (n = 16) visual arts; (n = 6) literature; (n = 3) theater; (n = 3) cinema. The arts-sensitive educational skills reported in the studies evaluated were: skills diagnostic observation, teamwork, reflection and argumentation; facilitating cognitive learning; humanistic aspects of medicine (empathy / patient medical relationship); professionalism. Some studies state that arts-based interventions are effective at changing attitudes; however, they did not define how this success was measured. No study considers the effects on behavior. Evidence for the use of arts-based interventions to promote diagnostic observation skills has been shown to be stronger. However, its effect on other clinical skills has not been studied. Conclusion Art can represent a strategy to facilitate learning, since it helps the student to deal with human complexity and health. This broader understanding of health and illness can lead to improved physician-patient relationships in clinical practice. However, due to the qualitative nature of most of the studies, based mainly on the student’s opinion of the changes in their attitudes, the effectiveness of the interventions has not always been effectively demonstrated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985814
title: Bayesian analysis of growth, stem straightness and branching quality in full-sib families of Eucalyptus globulus

description: ABSTRACT Eucalyptus globulus is one of the most commonly planted hardwood species for industrial use in various temperate regions around the world. The present study aimed to evaluate 62 full-sib families of E. globulus in one of the southernmost progeny trials of the species in the south of Chile. Estimates of genetic parameters for stem straightness, branching quality and growth traits were based on a Bayesian modelling approach using Gibbs sampling. A Bayes Factor (BF) analysis supported the hypothesis of significant additive genetic variation for all traits under study. Conversely, the BF supported a model with significant dominance effects for the diameter at breast height and stem volume, which explained up to 25% of the phenotypic variation. The greatest narrow-sense heritability estimates were found for the tree height and stem straightness, which were 0.15 (0.08 to 0.26) and 0.18 (0.10 to 0.28), respectively (mean of posterior distributions and 90% credible sets). In turn, the branching quality had a low heritability (narrow-sense) that varied from 0.05 to 0.10 (90% Bayesian credible region). The mean posterior estimate of genetic correlation between both quality traits was 0.22 (0.01 to 0.63, 90% credible set from a bi-trait threshold model), which indicates that stem straightness is positively related to branching quality. Our findings reveal that the study population responds to common patterns of breeding populations of E. globulus. This information is valuable for the development of improved seeds in the southern zone of Chile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985808
title: Development of a natural molluscicide prototype kit (MoluSchall) for the control of schistosomiasis mansoni transmission

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION In Brazil, Biomphalaria glabrata, B. tenagophila, and B. straminea are intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni, the etiological agent of schistosomiasis mansoni. Molluscicide use is recommended by the WHO for controlling the transmission of this parasite. Euphorbia milii latex has shown promising results as an alternative molluscicide. Thus, a natural molluscicide prototype kit based on freeze-dried E. milii latex was developed and evaluated against Biomphalaria spp. METHODS E. milii latex was collected, processed, and lyophilized. Two diluents were defined for freeze-dried latex rehydration, and a prototype kit, called MoluSchall, was produced. A stability test was conducted using prototype kits stored at different temperatures, and a toxicity assay was performed using Danio rerio. Additionally, MoluSchall was tested against B. glabrata under semi-natural conditions according to defined conditions in the laboratory. RESULTS MoluSchall was lethal to three Brazilian snail species while exhibiting low toxicity to D. rerio. Regardless of storage temperature, MoluSchall was stable for 24 months and was effective against B. glabrata under semi-natural conditions, with the same LD100 as observed under laboratory conditions. CONCLUSIONS MoluSchall is a natural, effective, and inexpensive molluscicide with lower environmental toxicity than existing molluscicides. Its production offers a possible alternative strategy for controlling S. mansoni transmission.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985814.v1
title: Bayesian analysis of growth, stem straightness and branching quality in full-sib families of Eucalyptus globulus

description: ABSTRACT Eucalyptus globulus is one of the most commonly planted hardwood species for industrial use in various temperate regions around the world. The present study aimed to evaluate 62 full-sib families of E. globulus in one of the southernmost progeny trials of the species in the south of Chile. Estimates of genetic parameters for stem straightness, branching quality and growth traits were based on a Bayesian modelling approach using Gibbs sampling. A Bayes Factor (BF) analysis supported the hypothesis of significant additive genetic variation for all traits under study. Conversely, the BF supported a model with significant dominance effects for the diameter at breast height and stem volume, which explained up to 25% of the phenotypic variation. The greatest narrow-sense heritability estimates were found for the tree height and stem straightness, which were 0.15 (0.08 to 0.26) and 0.18 (0.10 to 0.28), respectively (mean of posterior distributions and 90% credible sets). In turn, the branching quality had a low heritability (narrow-sense) that varied from 0.05 to 0.10 (90% Bayesian credible region). The mean posterior estimate of genetic correlation between both quality traits was 0.22 (0.01 to 0.63, 90% credible set from a bi-trait threshold model), which indicates that stem straightness is positively related to branching quality. Our findings reveal that the study population responds to common patterns of breeding populations of E. globulus. This information is valuable for the development of improved seeds in the southern zone of Chile.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985811.v1
title: Arts in Medical Education: a Systematic Literature Review

description: ABSTRACT Introduction The introduction of the arts into the medical curriculum has sparked increasing interest since they present unique qualities that can aid in the development of the social aspects of medical practice, offering new and distinctive ways of exploring knowledge and professional identity. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the arts in the medical curriculum, through a bibliographical review. Methodology The Lilacs, Scielo, PubMed and Eric databases were searched for published articles on studies that attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of an arts-based approach in undergraduate medical education. Other articles were identified through active searching. The following descriptors (art or visual arts or paintings or literature or narrative or poetry or theatre or movies or films or cinema) AND (medical education or medical student or medical curriculum) were used. We included only articles related to studies that were conducted with medical students and which evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention by comparison between groups (quantitative studies) or by medical student satisfaction by questionnaire (qualitative studies). The selected articles were read in full in order to identify the type of art used in the intervention, the author, the sample, the methodology and the conclusion about the reported activity. Results A total of 28 articles were included in the study, distributed according to the type of art used: (n = 16) visual arts; (n = 6) literature; (n = 3) theater; (n = 3) cinema. The arts-sensitive educational skills reported in the studies evaluated were: skills diagnostic observation, teamwork, reflection and argumentation; facilitating cognitive learning; humanistic aspects of medicine (empathy / patient medical relationship); professionalism. Some studies state that arts-based interventions are effective at changing attitudes; however, they did not define how this success was measured. No study considers the effects on behavior. Evidence for the use of arts-based interventions to promote diagnostic observation skills has been shown to be stronger. However, its effect on other clinical skills has not been studied. Conclusion Art can represent a strategy to facilitate learning, since it helps the student to deal with human complexity and health. This broader understanding of health and illness can lead to improved physician-patient relationships in clinical practice. However, due to the qualitative nature of most of the studies, based mainly on the student’s opinion of the changes in their attitudes, the effectiveness of the interventions has not always been effectively demonstrated.