DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nzs7h452q
title: Data from: Disparate feeding mechanics between two hadrosaurid dinosaurs support the potential for resource partitioning

description: The Dinosaur Park Formation (DPF) of western Canada is well known for its
 diverse fossil assemblage, preserving over a dozen species of large-bodied
 herbivorous dinosaurs. The high density of large herbivores has raised
 questions of how these animals were able to coexist and limit competition,
 leading to several studies investigating the potential for resource
 partitioning. In the DPF, hadrosaurids are of particular ecological
 significance because of their abundance, diversity, and complex feeding
 system. Here, we used 3D muscle reconstructions and finite element
 analysis to evaluate the mechanical performance of the cranium and lower
 jaws of the lambeosaurine Corythosaurus casuarius and the contemporaneous
 hadrosaurine Gryposaurus notabilis to test for the potential of resource
 partitioning. We found G. notabilis had larger adductor muscles than
 similarly sized C. casuarius, but the latter had greater mechanical
 efficiency, resulting in similar bite forces for similarly sized animals.
 The cranium of C. casuarius is more resistant to bending than G.
 notabilis, and exhibits a derived stress distribution likely associated
 with the supracranial crest. Resource partitioning between these taxa
 would have been primarily size-mediated, where larger G. notabilis would
 have been able to processes tougher plant material than smaller C.
 casuarius at equivalent ontogenetic stages.
description: Disparate feeding mechanics between two hadrosaurid dinosaurs support the
 potential for resource partitioning T.W. Dudgeon, and D.C. Evans
 DESCRIPTION OF THE DATA AND FILE STRUCTURE This dataset contains several
 files, including the muscle reconstructions for ROM 1933 (Corythosaurus
 casuarius) and TMP 1980.022.0001 (Gryposaurus notabilis) as .blend files,
 the refined and cleaned meshes of crania and lower jaws used for Finite
 Element Analysis (FEA) for these specimens as .stl files, and variables
 used in associated analyses as .csv files. FILES AND VARIABLES 3D FILES
 Corythosaurus_ROM_1933_meshes.zip Meshes for FEA
 Corythosaurus_ROM_1933.blend Muscle reconstructions
 Gryposaurus_TMP_1980.022.0001_meshes.zip Meshes for FEA
 Gryposaurus_TMP_1980.022.0001.blend Muscle reconstructions BITE FORCES
 bite_force_-_jaw.csv Bite forces calculated for the lower jaws of
 Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult Gryposaurus at the
 predentary, and anterior, middle, and posterior end of the tooth row,
 along with total input muscle force. Units measured in newtons.
 bite_force_-_skull.csv Bite forces calculated for the crania of
 Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult Gryposaurus at the
 premaxilla, and anterior, middle, and posterior end of the tooth row,
 along with total input muscle force. Units measured in newtons.
 bite_force_by_muscle_-_Corythosaurus.csv Bite forces calculated for the
 lower jaws of Corythosaurus when the major jaw adductor muscles contract
 in isolation. Forces reported at the predentary, and anterior, middle, and
 posterior end of the tooth row, along with total input muscle force. Units
 measured in newtons. bite_force_by_muscle_-_Gryposaurus.csv Bite forces
 calculated for the lower jaws of Gryposaurus when the major jaw adductor
 muscles contract in isolation. Forces reported at the predentary, and
 anterior, middle, and posterior end of the tooth row, along with total
 input muscle force. Units measured in newtons. STRAIN ENERGY
 strain_energy_-_jaw.csv Raw strain energy for the lower jaws of
 Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult Gryposaurus at the
 predentary, and anterior, middle, and posterior end of the tooth row,
 along with mesh surface area, total input muscle force, and mesh volume.
 Strain energy values reported in joules, surface area reported in meters
 squared, force reported in newtons, and volume reported in meters cubed.
 strain_energy_-_skull.csv Raw strain energy for the crania of
 Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult Gryposaurus at the
 premaxilla, and anterior, middle, and posterior end of the tooth row,
 along with mesh surface area, total input muscle force, and mesh volume.
 Strain energy values reported in joules, surface area reported in meters
 squared, force reported in newtons, and volume reported in meters cubed.
 ase_-_jaws.csv Adjusted strain energy (ASE) for the lower jaws of
 Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult Gryposaurus at the
 predentary, and anterior, middle, and posterior end of the tooth row. ASE
 values reported in joules. ase_-_skull.csv Adjusted strain energy (ASE)
 for the crania of Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult
 Gryposaurus at the premaxilla, and anterior, middle, and posterior end of
 the tooth row. ASE values reported in joules. STRESS mwam_-_jaw.csv
 Mesh-weighted arithmetic mean (MWAM) stress for the lower jaws of
 Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult Gryposaurus at the
 predentary, and anterior, middle, and posterior end of the tooth row,
 along with mesh surface area and total input muscle force. MWAM values
 reported in pascals, surface area reported in meters squared, and force
 reported in newtons. mwam_-_skull.csv Mesh-weighted arithmetic mean (MWAM)
 stress for the crania of Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up
 adult Gryposaurus at the premaxilla, and anterior, middle, and posterior
 end of the tooth row, along with mesh surface area and total input muscle
 force. MWAM values reported in pascals, surface area reported in meters
 squared, and force reported in newtons. adjusted_mwam.csv Adjusted
 mesh-weighted arithmetic mean (MWAM) stress for the crania and lower jaws
 of Corythosaurus, Gryposaurus, and the scaled-up adult Gryposaurus at the
 predentary or premaxilla (beak), and anterior, middle, and posterior end
 of the tooth row. MWAM values reported in pascals. CODE
 Dudgeon_and_Evans_2025.R Annotated R code used in analyses.