cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226737
title: Protocol adjustment improves the extraction of high-quality total RNA from common bean stems infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

description: ABSTRACT The Straw Test is an assay developed to evaluate the resistance of common bean to white mold, in which the plant stems are inoculated and the symptoms of the disease are monitored. It is plausible to admit that investigating gene expression in pathogen-infected tissues may be strategically interesting. However, obtaining a quality RNA is a basic requirement for this purpose. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate adjustments in protocols of commercial kits in the expectation of improving the quality of RNA obtained from bean stems. For this, plants of two lines were inoculated and the stems pathogen-infected were collected 72 hours after. For RNA extraction, two commercial reagents were used following the manufacturer’s recommendations and then following adaptations in these protocols. In particular, the proposed modifications relate to volumes of supernatant recovered in purification steps, additional step of chloroform purification and extended time for nucleic acids precipitation. The obtained RNA was analyzed by spectrophotometer, electrophoresis and bioanalyzer, then converted into cDNA and subsequently submitted to PCR. From the obtained data, it was observed that the adaptations made in the protocols contributed to better results and that, when the indicative values of RNA quality are guaranteed, the subsequent reactions are more pure, precise and representative.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226749.v1
title: Spatial-Temporal Evolution of the Degradation Risk of Vegetable Coverage of Petrolina-PE

description: Abstract The availability of satellite images at different spatial, temporal, radiometric and spectral resolutions is being used to monitor large areas of the various biomes in the world. The orbital image monitoring allows to detect, analyze and infer about changes in the surface of the Earth caused by natural or anthropic processes. The objective of this study was to monitor and analyze spatial and temporal evolution in land use and occupation in the Municipality of Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil, using surface data and Landsat-8 images for the years 2013 to 2015. Remote sensing techniques were used to estimate Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), surface albedo (α) and Mobile Standard Deviation Index (MDSI). The technique of detection of change and the classification by decision tree based in predefined rules in the NDVI, MSDI and surface albedo were applied to infer about occupation and land use. The results showed that the vegetations indexes and degradation monitoring and change detection techniques satisfactorily identified the behavior of the surrounding vegetation in the Municipality of Petrolina, highlighting the indicators of degraded areas in the semiarid region. It was concluded that the technique of detection of change and classification by decision tree were efficient in the identification of anthropic areas during the three years studied.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226734
title: Drought tolerance evaluated in common bean genotypes

description: ABSTRACT Given the impact of climate issues and their direct influence on agricultural production, the aim of this study was to identify superior genotypes of dry edible common bean under water deficit. Thus, 30 common bean genotypes were evaluated under controlled greenhouse conditions in a randomized block experimental design with split plots and four replications; the plots consisted of the water treatments (irrigated and water deficit) and the split plots consisted of the genotypes. The results showed genetic variability among the accessions evaluated, and in spite of significant reduction in grain yield and stomatal conductance under water deficit, these two traits showed significant, positive correlation and are able to be applied in early selection of genotypes under this stress condition. Another important response was in relation to the genotypes SER-16, SEN 92, FT Paulistinha, Carioca Precoce, IAC Imperador, and SXB 410, which showed the best yield performances in the two water treatments applied. They can be widely used in breeding programs for development of new cultivars, especially aiming at drought tolerance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226737.v1
title: Protocol adjustment improves the extraction of high-quality total RNA from common bean stems infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

description: ABSTRACT The Straw Test is an assay developed to evaluate the resistance of common bean to white mold, in which the plant stems are inoculated and the symptoms of the disease are monitored. It is plausible to admit that investigating gene expression in pathogen-infected tissues may be strategically interesting. However, obtaining a quality RNA is a basic requirement for this purpose. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate adjustments in protocols of commercial kits in the expectation of improving the quality of RNA obtained from bean stems. For this, plants of two lines were inoculated and the stems pathogen-infected were collected 72 hours after. For RNA extraction, two commercial reagents were used following the manufacturer’s recommendations and then following adaptations in these protocols. In particular, the proposed modifications relate to volumes of supernatant recovered in purification steps, additional step of chloroform purification and extended time for nucleic acids precipitation. The obtained RNA was analyzed by spectrophotometer, electrophoresis and bioanalyzer, then converted into cDNA and subsequently submitted to PCR. From the obtained data, it was observed that the adaptations made in the protocols contributed to better results and that, when the indicative values of RNA quality are guaranteed, the subsequent reactions are more pure, precise and representative.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226740.v1
title: Decision Under Weather Uncertainty and Infrastructure Protection for Alcantara Launch Center

description: Abstract Decision-making using weather information is often a complex and high impact process, and in some situations, can disturb the functioning of technological facilities. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to present a decision support approach for infrastructure protection under weather uncertainty at the Alcântara Launch Center, in Brazil. From an operational demand, a weather index was developed to identify the decision maker's attitude about the three characteristics of meteorological information: a) weather forecast probability; b) lead time of the information; c) value of a meteorological variable. As a case study, we analyzed a real decision-making problem for the protection of an aerospace vehicle and integration tower in the Brazilian space center. Through the development of an index with the users, it was concluded that for low probabilities (&lt; 20%) or extended lead time (&gt; 24 h), the group of users do not use weather information to make decisions, even with a prognosis of extreme conditions. The quantitative results showed that the decision model managed to incorporate the attitude of non-meteorologist users regarding the handling of uncertainty in weather forecasts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226728
title: Crop coefficients of tropical forage crops, single cropped and overseeded with black oat and ryegrass

description: ABSTRACT: Crop coefficient (Kc) is the ratio between crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo), representing the phenological effects on crop water consumption. Kc is fundamental to estimating ETc by agrometeorological methods. This research study aimed to determine Kc and ETc values for Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça) and Bermuda grass (Cynodon spp.), both single cropped for one year and overseeded with black oat (Avena strigosa) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) during fall/winter. The experiment in the field comprised four plots, two for each tropical forage, with and without overseeding. At the center of each plot, there was a weighing lysimeter with an automated system for data collection. ETc was measured daily over four seasons following the lysimetric method; ETo was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation. ETc and ETo values were used to estimate Kc values. The single cropped Guinea grass showed the highest values for ETc, with mean ETc and Kc of 3.99 mm d–1 and 1.07, respectively. The single cropped Bermuda grass showed ETc and Kc values of 3.57 mm d–1 and 0.96, respectively. The results of paired t-testing for Kc showed no significant differences (p = 0.05) between single cropped and intercropped for both Guinea grass and Cynodon spp. During winter, intercropped Guinea grass did not show an ETc significantly higher than single cropped Guinea grass, with mean Kc values 0.98 for intercropped and 1.10 for single cropped. Similarly, Bermuda grass did not show significant differences between mean Kc values for intercropped (1.02) and single cropped (1.00).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226731
title: Precipitation Recycling in the Amazon Basin: The Role of Moisture Transport and Surface Evapotranspiration

description: Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the distribution of water budget components and precipitation recycling in the Amazon basin addressing the physical mechanisms involved in the recycling process. In general, the Amazon basin acts as a sink for atmospheric moisture, receiving water vapor transported from the ocean and from precipitation recycled from evapotranspiration by the forest. At the regional scale, the Amazon basin is an important source of water vapor, contributing to precipitation in other remote locations of South America. Here we show, on average, 20% of precipitation in the Amazon basin is recycled, varying between 15% in the northern portion and 40% in the southern portion. Thus, approximately 20% of the total rainfall in the basin is derived from local evapotranspiration processes indicating that the local contribution to the total precipitation represents a significant contribution to the regional water budget and plays an important role in the Amazon hydrological cycle. However, the variability and changes in the climate system due to both natural and anthropogenic forcings (such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and changes in land use and land cover – deforestation) can affect the precipitation recycling and regional hydrologic cycle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226734.v1
title: Drought tolerance evaluated in common bean genotypes

description: ABSTRACT Given the impact of climate issues and their direct influence on agricultural production, the aim of this study was to identify superior genotypes of dry edible common bean under water deficit. Thus, 30 common bean genotypes were evaluated under controlled greenhouse conditions in a randomized block experimental design with split plots and four replications; the plots consisted of the water treatments (irrigated and water deficit) and the split plots consisted of the genotypes. The results showed genetic variability among the accessions evaluated, and in spite of significant reduction in grain yield and stomatal conductance under water deficit, these two traits showed significant, positive correlation and are able to be applied in early selection of genotypes under this stress condition. Another important response was in relation to the genotypes SER-16, SEN 92, FT Paulistinha, Carioca Precoce, IAC Imperador, and SXB 410, which showed the best yield performances in the two water treatments applied. They can be widely used in breeding programs for development of new cultivars, especially aiming at drought tolerance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226722
title: Analysis of the performance of the WRF model in an inert and persistent wind episode in a large tropical reservoir

description: Abstract This study presents an application of the WRF mesoscale model to the simulation of an intense and persistent wind episode that occurs with irregular frequency in the Guapé reservoir, MG. Such an event changes the routine of the residents, forcing for example, the ferryboat between the cities of Guapé and Capitólio to interrupt the service. During one of these episodes, occurred on September 22th, 2016, measurements were made using LIDAR Zephir ZP300 and an anemometric tower, and these data were later used to validate the simulations. For the evaluation of the results, simulated and observed pressure, temperature, humidity and wind velocity were compared. The analysis of the simulated vertical velocity profiles suggests the presence of a low level jet, positioned around 500 m above the surface, generated by a post-frontal temperature gradient, whose lower part would have been accelerated by the topography and by the variation of the surface roughness following the land-water interface. More studies are currently under way to suggest to the population and local authorities some kind of preventive action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226731.v1
title: Precipitation Recycling in the Amazon Basin: The Role of Moisture Transport and Surface Evapotranspiration

description: Abstract The objective of this study is to evaluate the distribution of water budget components and precipitation recycling in the Amazon basin addressing the physical mechanisms involved in the recycling process. In general, the Amazon basin acts as a sink for atmospheric moisture, receiving water vapor transported from the ocean and from precipitation recycled from evapotranspiration by the forest. At the regional scale, the Amazon basin is an important source of water vapor, contributing to precipitation in other remote locations of South America. Here we show, on average, 20% of precipitation in the Amazon basin is recycled, varying between 15% in the northern portion and 40% in the southern portion. Thus, approximately 20% of the total rainfall in the basin is derived from local evapotranspiration processes indicating that the local contribution to the total precipitation represents a significant contribution to the regional water budget and plays an important role in the Amazon hydrological cycle. However, the variability and changes in the climate system due to both natural and anthropogenic forcings (such as the increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and changes in land use and land cover – deforestation) can affect the precipitation recycling and regional hydrologic cycle.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226728.v1
title: Crop coefficients of tropical forage crops, single cropped and overseeded with black oat and ryegrass

description: ABSTRACT: Crop coefficient (Kc) is the ratio between crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo), representing the phenological effects on crop water consumption. Kc is fundamental to estimating ETc by agrometeorological methods. This research study aimed to determine Kc and ETc values for Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça) and Bermuda grass (Cynodon spp.), both single cropped for one year and overseeded with black oat (Avena strigosa) and ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) during fall/winter. The experiment in the field comprised four plots, two for each tropical forage, with and without overseeding. At the center of each plot, there was a weighing lysimeter with an automated system for data collection. ETc was measured daily over four seasons following the lysimetric method; ETo was calculated using the Penman-Monteith equation. ETc and ETo values were used to estimate Kc values. The single cropped Guinea grass showed the highest values for ETc, with mean ETc and Kc of 3.99 mm d–1 and 1.07, respectively. The single cropped Bermuda grass showed ETc and Kc values of 3.57 mm d–1 and 0.96, respectively. The results of paired t-testing for Kc showed no significant differences (p = 0.05) between single cropped and intercropped for both Guinea grass and Cynodon spp. During winter, intercropped Guinea grass did not show an ETc significantly higher than single cropped Guinea grass, with mean Kc values 0.98 for intercropped and 1.10 for single cropped. Similarly, Bermuda grass did not show significant differences between mean Kc values for intercropped (1.02) and single cropped (1.00).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226722.v1
title: Analysis of the performance of the WRF model in an inert and persistent wind episode in a large tropical reservoir

description: Abstract This study presents an application of the WRF mesoscale model to the simulation of an intense and persistent wind episode that occurs with irregular frequency in the Guapé reservoir, MG. Such an event changes the routine of the residents, forcing for example, the ferryboat between the cities of Guapé and Capitólio to interrupt the service. During one of these episodes, occurred on September 22th, 2016, measurements were made using LIDAR Zephir ZP300 and an anemometric tower, and these data were later used to validate the simulations. For the evaluation of the results, simulated and observed pressure, temperature, humidity and wind velocity were compared. The analysis of the simulated vertical velocity profiles suggests the presence of a low level jet, positioned around 500 m above the surface, generated by a post-frontal temperature gradient, whose lower part would have been accelerated by the topography and by the variation of the surface roughness following the land-water interface. More studies are currently under way to suggest to the population and local authorities some kind of preventive action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226713
title: ANTEROLATERAL APPROACHES FOR PROXIMAL HUMERAL OSTEOSYNTHESIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

description: ABSTRACT Objective: Anterolateral approaches for proximal humerus osteosynthesis have great advantages because they allow direct exposure of the lateral aspect of the humerus without the muscular retraction seen in the deltopectoral approach. However, much resistance is found among surgeons due to the potential risk of iatrogenic injury to the axillary nerve. To identify the incidence of axillary nerve iatrogenic lesions and evaluate the functional results of proximal humerus osteosynthesis with locking plates using anterolateral approaches. Methods: The literature review followed the PRISMA protocol. Results: A total of 23 articles were selected from 786 patients submitted to anterolateral approaches. Three cases (0.38%) of iatrogenic axillary nerve lesions were confirmed. The results of the functional tests were similar to those of the deltopectoral approach. Conclusion: Anterolateral approaches are a viable and safe alternative for proximal humerus osteosynthesis with locking plate. Subacromial impingement was the most frequent complication. Level of Evidence II, Systematic Review.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226716
title: Upper limb weight-bearing effect on the body alignment of individuals with cerebral palsy who have spastic hemiparesis: a randomized clinical trial

description: Abstract Introduction: Cerebral Palsy (CP) patients who have spastic hemiparesis usually present asymmetrical weight shift between the affected and non-affected side. Objective: To assess the effects of upper limb (UL) weight-bearing exercises on trunk symmetry, weight shift to the affected side and possible secondary effects on gait (speed and quality). Method: eleven participants with CP were randomized into two groups: Intervention Group (IG) and Control Group (CG); IG (n = 6) performed stretching exercises of the major muscle groups of UL and lower limbs (LL) and UL weight-bearing exercises in prone and seated position for 12 weeks. The CG (n = 5) did not undergo any kind of motor therapy during the study period but received the same exercises that IG after the study. The variables analyzed were: Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-88); Pediatric Berg Scale; Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS); Six-minute walking test (6MWT); Ten meters walking test (10MWT); Timed Up & Go (TUG); Edinburgh Visual Gait Scale (EVGS); and ground reaction force. Results: The IG showed improvement on 6MWT, TUG, TIS and Pediatric Berg Scale (p &lt; 0.01), and CG showed improvement on GMFM-88 (p &lt; 0.04) only for the intragroup analysis. Conclusion: The exercises were effective to improve static and dynamic balance, increasing gait speed and identifying a trend of improvement on body alignment and weight shift to the affected side.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226710
title: An Analysis of the Energetics of Tropical and Extra-Tropical Regions for Warm ENSO Composite Episodes

description: Abstract This study focuses on the quantification and evaluation of the effects of ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) warm phases, using a composite of five intense El Niño episodes between 1979 – 2011 on the Energetic Lorenz Cycle for four distinct regions around the globe: 80° S – 5° N (region 1), 50° S – 5° N (region 2), 30° S – 5° N (region 3), and 30° S – 30° N (region 4), using Data from NCEP reanalysis-II. Briefly, the results showed that zonal terms of potential energy and kinetic energy were intensified, except for region 1, where zonal kinetic energy weakened. Through the analysis of the period in which higher energy production is observed, a strong communication between the available zonal potential and the zonal kinetic energy reservoirs can be identified. This communication weakened the modes linked to eddies of potential energy and kinetic energy, as well as in the other two baroclinic conversions terms. Furthermore, the results indicate that for all the regions, the system itself works to regain its stable condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8226713.v1
title: ANTEROLATERAL APPROACHES FOR PROXIMAL HUMERAL OSTEOSYNTHESIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

description: ABSTRACT Objective: Anterolateral approaches for proximal humerus osteosynthesis have great advantages because they allow direct exposure of the lateral aspect of the humerus without the muscular retraction seen in the deltopectoral approach. However, much resistance is found among surgeons due to the potential risk of iatrogenic injury to the axillary nerve. To identify the incidence of axillary nerve iatrogenic lesions and evaluate the functional results of proximal humerus osteosynthesis with locking plates using anterolateral approaches. Methods: The literature review followed the PRISMA protocol. Results: A total of 23 articles were selected from 786 patients submitted to anterolateral approaches. Three cases (0.38%) of iatrogenic axillary nerve lesions were confirmed. The results of the functional tests were similar to those of the deltopectoral approach. Conclusion: Anterolateral approaches are a viable and safe alternative for proximal humerus osteosynthesis with locking plate. Subacromial impingement was the most frequent complication. Level of Evidence II, Systematic Review.