cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1518r
title: Data from: Telomere length reflects phenotypic quality and costs of reproduction in a long-lived seabird

description: Telomere length is associated with cellular senescence, lifestyle and
 ageing. Short telomeres indicate poor health in humans and reduced life
 expectancy in several bird species, but little is known about telomeres in
 relation to phenotypic quality in wild animals. We investigated telomere
 lengths in erythrocytes of known-age common terns (Sterna hirundo), a
 migratory seabird, in relation to arrival date and reproductive
 performance. Cross-sectional data revealed that, independent of age,
 individuals with short telomeres performed better: they arrived and
 reproduced earlier in the season and had more chicks in the nest. The
 latter effect was stronger the older the brood and stronger in males,
 which do most of the chick provisioning. Longitudinal data confirmed this
 pattern: compared with birds that lost their brood, birds that raised
 chicks beyond the 10th nestling day experienced higher telomere attrition
 from one year to the next. However, more detailed analysis revealed that
 the least and most successful individuals lost the fewest base pairs
 compared with birds with intermediate success. Our results suggest that
 reproductive success is achieved at the expense of telomeres, but that
 individual heterogeneity in susceptibility to such detrimental effects is
 important, as indicated by low telomere loss in the most successful birds.
description: Bauch_etal_data_Telomeres-and-phenotypic-quality-ProcRSocB
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3db81
title: Data from: Nectar bacteria, but not yeast, weaken a plant-pollinator mutualism

description: Mutualistic interactions are often subject to exploitation by species that
 are not directly involved in the mutualism. Understanding which organisms
 act as such ‘third-party’ species and how they do so is a major challenge
 in the current study of mutualistic interactions. Here, we show that even
 species that appear ecologically similar can have contrasting effects as
 third-party species. We experimentally compared the effects of
 nectar-inhabiting bacteria and yeasts on the strength of a mutualism
 between a hummingbird-pollinated shrub, Mimulus aurantiacus, and its
 pollinators. We found that the common bacterium Gluconobacter sp., but not
 the common yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii, reduced pollination success,
 seed set and nectar consumption by pollinators, thereby weakening the
 plant–pollinator mutualism. We also found that the bacteria reduced nectar
 pH and total sugar concentration more greatly than the yeasts did and that
 the bacteria decreased glucose concentration and increased fructose
 concentration whereas the yeasts affected neither. These distinct changes
 to nectar chemistry may underlie the microbes' contrasting effects on
 the mutualism. Our results suggest that it is necessary to understand the
 determinants of microbial species composition in nectar and their
 differential modification of floral rewards to explain the mutual benefits
 that plants and pollinators gain from each other.
description: Stigma_DataSeed_SetNectar_RemovalNectar_Chem_Analysis
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5f71g
title: Data from: Novel TPLO alignment jig/saw guide reproduces freehand and ideal osteotomy positions

description: Objectives: To evaluate the ability of an alignment jig/saw guide to
 reproduce appropriate osteotomy positions in the tibial plateau leveling
 osteotomy (TPLO) in the dog. Methods: Lateral radiographs of 65 clinical
 TPLO procedures using an alignment jig and freehand osteotomy performed by
 experienced TPLO surgeons using a 24 mm radial saw blade between Dec 2005
 - Dec 2007 and Nov 2013 - Nov 2015 were reviewed. The freehand osteotomy
 position was compared to potential osteotomy positions using the alignment
 jig/saw guide. The proximal and distal jig pin holes on postoperative
 radiographs were used to align the jig to the bone; saw guide position was
 selected to most closely match the osteotomy performed. The
 guide-to-osteotomy fit was categorized by the distance between the actual
 osteotomy and proposed saw guide osteotomy at its greatest offset (?1 mm =
 excellent; ?2 mm = good; ?3 mm = satisfactory; &gt;3 mm = poor).
 Results: Sixty-four of 65 TPLO osteotomies could be matched satisfactorily
 by the saw guide. Proximal jig pin placement 3-4 mm from the joint surface
 and location in a craniocaudal plane on the proximal tibia was
 significantly associated with the guide-to-osteotomy fit (P = 0.021 and P
 = 0.047, respectively). Clinical significance: The alignment jig/saw guide
 can be used to reproduce appropriate freehand osteotomy position for TPLO.
 Furthermore, an ideal osteotomy position centered on the tibial
 intercondylar tubercles also is possible. Accurate placement of the
 proximal jig pin is a crucial step for correct positioning of the saw
 guide in either instance.
description: PLOSONEcomplete data
 set. (TPLO alignment jig-saw guide)Raw data collected for
 two groups of clinically performed TPLOs (a crescent osteotomy of the
 proximal tibia designed to alter the craniotibial shear force as a result
 of a cranial cruciate deficient knee). Group 1 (2005-2007): freehand
 osteotomies with jig only; Group 2 (2013-2015): freehand osteotomies with
 jig only. Group 1 follows recommendation at that time to place proximal
 jig pin through center of medial collateral ligament (MCL). Group 2
 follows the later recommendation to place the jig pin behind the MCL. The
 objective of the study is to determine if a saw guide attached to the jig
 can match the positions of the osteotomy performed by experienced
 surgeons, and also is it can replicate the ideal osteotomy location. The
 data file are all measurements obtained from these clinical cases that
 compares guide-to-osteotomy fit and the appropriateness of the osteotomy
 based upon current published guidelines. All methods are described in the
 manuscript.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q5bj6
title: Data from: Root community traits along a land use gradient: evidence of a community-level economics spectrum

description: 1. There is a fundamental trade-off between leaf traits associated with
 either resource acquisition or resource conservation. This gradient of
 trait variation, called the economics spectrum also applies to fine roots
 but whether it is consistent for coarse roots or at the plant community
 level remains untested. 2. We measured a set of morphological and chemical
 root traits at a community level (functional parameters; FP) in 20 plant
 communities located along land-use intensity gradients and across 3
 climatic zones (Tropical, Mediterranean and Montane). We hypothesized (i)
 the existence of a root economics spectrum in plant communities consistent
 within root types (fine, &lt; 2 mm; coarse, 2-5 mm) but that ii)
 variations in root traits occur with soil depths (top 20 cm of soil and
 100-150 cm deep) and iii) along land use gradients thus leading to
 variation in root FP. 3. Root FP co-varied, in line with the resource
 acquisition-conservation trade-off, from communities with root FP
 syndromes associated to resource acquisition (e.g. high specific root
 length, SRL; thin diameters and low root dry matter contents, RDMC) to
 root FP syndromes associated with resource conservation (e.g. low SRL,
 thick diameters and high RDMC). This pattern was consistent for both fine
 and coarse roots indicating a strong consistency of a trade-off between
 resource acquisition and conservation for plant roots. 4. Roots had
 different suites of traits at different depths, suggesting a disparity in
 root function and exploitation capacities. Shallow, fine roots were
 thinner, richer in nitrogen and with lower lignin concentrations
 associated to greater exploitation capacities compared to deep, fine
 roots. However, shallow coarse roots were richer in nitrogen, carbon and
 soluble concentrations than deep, coarse roots. 5. Fine root parameters of
 highly disturbed, herbaceous dominated plant communities in poorer soils
 were associated to foraging strategies, i.e. greater SRL and lower lignin
 and RDMC than those from less disturbed communities. Coarse roots however,
 were less sensitive to the land use gradient. 6. Synthesis This study
 demonstrates the existence of a general trade-off in root construction at
 a community level, which operates within all root types suggesting that
 all plant tissues are controlled by the trade-off between resource
 acquisition and conservation.
description: Prieto_etal_2014_Data_mean and SEMean values and standard error for the functional parameters analysed in this study. For trait abbreviations please refer to the original publication. Details on climate, site and land use type descriptions are given in the publication and in the supplementary material; n=3 for Dm, RDMC and SRL; n=4 for RNC, RCC, Soluble, Cellulose and Lignin
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nyzgca
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Brachioteuthis riisei",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than -90",
 "DecimalLatitude is less than 10",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than -180",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2015"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001186-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h68bp
title: Data from: Does plant diversity increase top–down control of herbivorous insects in tropical forest?

description: Higher trophic level interactions are key mediators of ecosystem
 functioning in tropical forests. A rich body of theory has been developed
 to predict the effects of plant diversity on communities at higher trophic
 levels and the mechanisms underlying such effects. The ’enemies
 hypothesis’ states that predators exert more effective top–down control of
 herbivorous insects with increasing plant diversity. Support for this
 hypothesis has been found in temperate forests and agroecosystems, but
 remains understudied in tropical forests. We compared incidence of attacks
 of different natural enemies using artificial caterpillars in a tropical
 forest landscape and investigated the role of plant community structure
 (i.e. species richness, composition and density), and the role of forest
 fragmentation (i.e. patch size, edge distance and canopy openness) on
 predation intensity. Plant community effects were tested with respect to
 three vegetation strata: trees, saplings and herbs. Observed predation was
 substantially due to ants. Predation rates increased with plant species
 richness for trees and herbs. Density of saplings, herb cover and herb
 species composition were important factors for predation. No significant
 patterns were found for fragmentation parameters, suggesting that forest
 fragmentation has not altered predation intensity. We conclude that in
 tropical forests, top–down control of herbivorous insects in the
 understory vegetation is affected by a combination of plant diversity,
 plant species composition and structural features of the plant community.
description: Predation_and_variables_raw_dataPlasticine caterpillar predation rates, plant diversity data and environmental variables used in the analysis.Ant_behavior_Raw_dataAnt behavior analysis. Number of interactions by interaction type according to experiments.Ant_behavior_Raw data_Oikos_ms.xlsx
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24916084
title: Isolation of three different sizes of exosomes in an Asian population with different retinal diseases before and after treatment: preliminary results

description: Exosomes are membranous structures measuring between 40–120 nm that are secreted by various cells of the human body into the body fluid system. Exosomes contain proteins, mRNA, miRNA, and signaling molecules, and physiologically they assist in the intercellular transport of proteins and RNA molecules. In this study, we used an immunoaffinity filter paper platform combined with scanning electron microscopy and microfluidic systems to detect the size of exosomes within the aqueous humor. Eight aqueous humor samples showed three distinct sizes of exosomes that were significantly different on scanning electron microscopy(<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). We further used nanoparticle tracking analysis to assess the size distribution of exosomes within the aqueous humor. We found significantly different distributions of exosomes between patients with three different ocular diseases and patients with normal cataracts as controls. An obvious peak of exomeres(size around 35 nm)was found in the patients with central retinal vein occlusion and vitreous hemorrhage. Flare-ups of large exosomes(size 90–120 nm)were found in the patients with the inflammatory ocular disease pars planitis. No obvious peaks in exomeres or large exosomes were found in the control group. There was a high association between the distribution of exosomes and the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. After intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, the aqueous humor from the patients with neovascular diseases showed a significant reduction in exosomes in nanoparticle tracking analysis. These findings suggest that at least three distinct sizes of exosomes exist in the aqueous humor:(1)exomeres:&lt;35 nm;(2)small exosomes:60–80 nm; and (3)large exosomes:90–120 nm. Different sizes of exosomes may have different implications in normal or diseased eyes. Three different sized exosomes were identified in aqueous humor.The distribution of exosome size was significantly different between the patients with inflammatory and neovascularization retinal diseases.After intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, the aqueous humor from patients with neovascular diseases showed a significant reduction in exosomes in nanoparticle tracking analysis. Three different sized exosomes were identified in aqueous humor. The distribution of exosome size was significantly different between the patients with inflammatory and neovascularization retinal diseases. After intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, the aqueous humor from patients with neovascular diseases showed a significant reduction in exosomes in nanoparticle tracking analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24916084.v1
title: Isolation of three different sizes of exosomes in an Asian population with different retinal diseases before and after treatment: preliminary results

description: Exosomes are membranous structures measuring between 40–120 nm that are secreted by various cells of the human body into the body fluid system. Exosomes contain proteins, mRNA, miRNA, and signaling molecules, and physiologically they assist in the intercellular transport of proteins and RNA molecules. In this study, we used an immunoaffinity filter paper platform combined with scanning electron microscopy and microfluidic systems to detect the size of exosomes within the aqueous humor. Eight aqueous humor samples showed three distinct sizes of exosomes that were significantly different on scanning electron microscopy(<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01). We further used nanoparticle tracking analysis to assess the size distribution of exosomes within the aqueous humor. We found significantly different distributions of exosomes between patients with three different ocular diseases and patients with normal cataracts as controls. An obvious peak of exomeres(size around 35 nm)was found in the patients with central retinal vein occlusion and vitreous hemorrhage. Flare-ups of large exosomes(size 90–120 nm)were found in the patients with the inflammatory ocular disease pars planitis. No obvious peaks in exomeres or large exosomes were found in the control group. There was a high association between the distribution of exosomes and the pathogenesis of ocular diseases. After intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, the aqueous humor from the patients with neovascular diseases showed a significant reduction in exosomes in nanoparticle tracking analysis. These findings suggest that at least three distinct sizes of exosomes exist in the aqueous humor:(1)exomeres:&lt;35 nm;(2)small exosomes:60–80 nm; and (3)large exosomes:90–120 nm. Different sizes of exosomes may have different implications in normal or diseased eyes. Three different sized exosomes were identified in aqueous humor.The distribution of exosome size was significantly different between the patients with inflammatory and neovascularization retinal diseases.After intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, the aqueous humor from patients with neovascular diseases showed a significant reduction in exosomes in nanoparticle tracking analysis. Three different sized exosomes were identified in aqueous humor. The distribution of exosome size was significantly different between the patients with inflammatory and neovascularization retinal diseases. After intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment, the aqueous humor from patients with neovascular diseases showed a significant reduction in exosomes in nanoparticle tracking analysis.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18384219
title: EEG Attention Dataset

description: This study’s EEG experiment was divided into five groups, each corresponding to a different auditory stimulation condition: classical music, alpha-wave music, singing bowl music, natural environmental sounds, and a no-music control group. Each group included three participants, for a total of fifteen participants. To ensure de-identification, participants are labeled only as P1–P15.


Each participant’s EEG data consists of three parts:


Meditation EEG: EEG recordings collected during deep meditation and resting state.


RSVP EEG with music background (pre-test): EEG recordings collected while participants performed the RSVP task under their assigned auditory condition.


RSVP EEG without music background (post-test): EEG recordings collected while participants performed the RSVP task without auditory stimulation.


All EEG data are stored in .csv files, with each file containing:


Time series


EEG signals from each electrode site, covering the theta–gamma frequency bands


This dataset structure supports subsequent EEG feature extraction, analysis of attentional performance, and comparative studies across conditions.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pq6ts
title: Data from: Invasion success in polyploids: the role of inbreeding in the contrasting colonization abilities of diploid versus tetraploid populations of Centaurea stoebe s.l

description: As a consequence of founder effects, inbreeding can hamper colonization
 success: First, in species with self-incompatibility controlled by an
 S-locus, inbreeding may decrease cross-compatibility, mainly due to the
 sharing of identical S-alleles between closely related mating partners.
 Secondly, inbreeding can reduce fitness of inbred relative to outbred
 offspring (i.e. inbreeding depression). Polyploids often show reduced
 inbreeding depression compared to diploids, which may contribute to the
 overrepresentation of polyploids among invasive species. This is the first
 study that tests how the effects of inbreeding differ between geocytotypes
 (i.e. ploidy levels within a given range). Our model organism, Centaurea
 stoebe, is strictly self-incompatible and comprises three geocytotypes:
 diploids are more frequent than tetraploids in the native range, while
 only tetraploids occur in the invasive range. We conducted a breeding
 experiment (sib-mating vs. outcrossing) with 14 native diploid, 13 native
 tetraploid and 15 invasive tetraploid populations. We recorded
 cross-compatibility and estimated a cumulative index for offspring
 fitness. Since frequent inbreeding can result in purging of genetic load
 responsible for inbreeding depression, our analyses included a metric for
 within-population relatedness, based on eight microsatellite markers, to
 assess the effect of purging. Inbreeding was found to reduce
 cross-compatibility, which was similarly pronounced in diploids and
 tetraploids. It also caused inbreeding depression in cumulative fitness,
 which was significant in diploids but not in tetraploids. No evidence of
 purging was observed as inbred fitness was not affected by
 within-population relatedness. Synthesis. Our results provide new insights
 into the contrasting invasion success of the cytotypes of C. stoebe. As
 the effects of cross-compatibility and purging were comparable between
 cytotypes, both processes can be ruled out to affect the colonization
 success of diploids versus tetraploids. Our findings are consistent with
 the hypothesis that polyploidy increases the masking of recessive
 mutations, which maintains high fitness in inbred tetraploids and may thus
 facilitate colonization of new ranges. We highlight that reduced
 inbreeding depression may add to previously acknowledged advantages of
 polyploids in range expansions, a mechanism that may hitherto have been
 underestimated due to a lack of data on variation in inbreeding depression
 across geocytotypes.
description: lineages_dataInbred and outbred lineages from which fitness components were obtained. Arabic numerals refer to population numbers. Numbers of populations correspond to those in Table S1.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.76ph0
title: Data from: Xylem vessel traits predict the leaf phenology of native and non-native understory species of temperate deciduous forests

description: Non-native understorey woody species have been shown to extend leaf
 display and inhabit vacant phenological niches in early spring and late
 autumn when growing with native counterparts in temperate deciduous
 forests across the world. Despite the potential competitive advantages,
 extended leaf duration also subjects non-native species to possible
 hydraulic risks associated with maintaining leaves during periods of
 increased frost probability. It remains unclear how non-native species are
 able to maintain xylem function within this context. Leaf phenology in
 temperate deciduous trees has been shown to be a function of xylem
 anatomy, with earlier bud break associated with smaller xylem vessels due
 to the presumed resistance of smaller vessels to freezing-induced
 cavitation. We examined relationships between leaf phenology and xylem
 vessel traits across 82 native and non-native understorey deciduous woody
 species common to eastern U.S. deciduous forests. We hypothesized that
 non-native species possess xylem vessel traits associated with maximum
 hydraulic safety during frost-prone spring and autumn leaf display without
 compromising rapid growth rate. Larger metaxylem vessels in non-native
 species were associated with both faster spring growth and delayed autumn
 leaf fall compared to native species. Non-native species also had smaller
 latewood vessel diameter, latewood vessel area percentage and a higher
 proportion of solitary vessels in the entire secondary xylem cross section
 compared to natives, potentially increasing their resistance to freezing-
 and/or drought-induced cavitation in autumn, thus allowing for delayed
 autumn leaf fall. Native and non-native species exhibited similar dates of
 spring bud break and leaf emergence, consistent with similar xylem vessel
 size and vessel area percentage within metaxylem and earlywood. Within
 both groups, species with earlier bud and leaf emergence had a higher
 total percentage of vessel area within metaxylem and earlywood. This
 suggests understorey species need sufficient water to support their early
 spring growth at the risk of freezing-induced cavitation. Our study
 suggests xylem vessel properties, along with cross-sectional spatial xylem
 vessel distribution, reflect the capacity of non-native plants to thrive
 in a new environment and deepen our understanding of the physiological
 mechanisms of successful invasions of non-native understorey woody plant
 species.
description: Xylem anatomical
 measurements of 82 understory woody speciesSpecies-XylemAnatomy.xlsx