cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3236527
title: A New Annotation Scheme for the Sejong Part-of-speech Tagged Corpus

description: We produce Sejong-style morphological analysis and part-of-speech tagging results which have been the de facto standard for Korean language processing by using UDPipe (http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/udpipe) udpipe --tokenize --tag sjmorph.model input &gt; output see https://github.com/jungyeul/sjmorph
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13060280
title: Genomes of Ostryopsis species

description: Data for "Hybrid speciation via inheritance of alternate alleles of parental isolating genes" (Zefu Wang et al. 2020).<br>Including the genome assemblies and gene annotation (GFF3) files of <i>O. davidiana</i>, <i>O. intermedia</i>, and <i>O. nobilis</i>.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13072091
title: Embryonic expression of PC2 in Tribolium

description: LSM image stack of embryo stained for PC2-RNA, synapsin and nuclei.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13072091.v1
title: Embryonic expression of PC2 in Tribolium

description: LSM image stack of embryo stained for PC2-RNA, synapsin and nuclei.<br>
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1920620-2
title: Non-destructive examination of Strains in Standard and Corroded Fasteners through Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging

description: Joining structures using threaded connections remains one of the most popular assembly methods. However, the unintentional disassembly, because of operational loads, of these structures remains an unsolved problem, especially important for remote applications where periodic maintenance is impossible or resource consuming. Typical examples are offshore structures that experience high vibrations. In the latter case besides the operational loads, corrosion plays a major negative role which undermines further the structural integrity of the structure. The scientific aim of this experiment is to non-destructively map the strains in torqued bolts in different self-loosened conditions using Bragg edge neutron imaging. Standard and corroded bolts will be considered. The objective is to develop validated Finite Element models for prognostics and automated vision-based maintenance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12046839
title: The effect of etidronate on choroidal neovascular activity in patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum

description: Aim: To assess the effect of the bisphosphonate etidronate on choroidal neovascular (CNV) activity in patients with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). Methods: This is an ancillary study in a single center, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial (RCT) in which 74 patients with PXE were assigned to either one-year etidronate or placebo treatment. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) imaging and color fundus photography were performed every three months for one year and were systematically assessed on signs of CNV activity. Results: In the etidronate group, 11 (30%) of the patients had CNV activity at baseline, compared to 25 (67%) of the patients in the placebo group (<i>P </i>= 0.005). The proportion of eyes with CNV activity during the study ranged from 18–33% in the etidronate group and 42-56% in the placebo group and no significant difference in improvement or worsening of CNV activity was found (<i>P</i> = 0.168). Using a generalized mixed model for repeated measures, there was a protective effect of etidronate in crude analysis (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75 – 0.98) that disappeared when adjusting for baseline CNV activity (RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.84 – 1.13). Conclusion: In this post-hoc RCT analysis we did not observe a protecting or deteriorating effect of etidronate on CNV activity in patients with PXE after adjustment for baseline CNV. <br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12765227.v1
title: Metadata record for the manuscript: The Quality of Life Index (QoLI): A Pilot Study Integrating Treatment Efficacy and Quality of Life in Oncology Clinical Trials

description: This metadata record provides details of the data supporting the claims of the related manuscript: “The Quality of Life Index (QoLI): A Pilot Study Integrating Treatment Efficacy and Quality of Life in Oncology Clinical Trials”.<br>The data underlying Figure 2 and Supplementary Figure were acquired from patients via the I-SPY 2 clinical trial. These data cannot be made directly available, but interested parties can apply to access the I-SPY data by submitting the standard I-SPY 2 Concept Proposal Form following the process described on the I-SPY Trials' Proposal Submissions page here: https://www.ispytrials.org/collaborate/proposal-submissionsThe data underlying Supplementary Table 1 is available as part of this metadata record (<b>SuppTable1.pdf</b>), and is also available in GitHub here: https://github.com/amritabasu1977/ISPYQOL<br>The related study utilised data from the neoadjuvant I-SPY 2 clinical trial to describe the development of the Quality of Life Index (QoLI) measure to assess drug-related toxicity and subsequent impairments in Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL) experienced by women diagnosed with breast cancer.
DOI: 10.14457/tu.the.2019.549
title: Acid functionalized mesoporous silica KIT-6 catalyst for dehydration, esterification and etherification

description: The KIT-6 (a highly ordered mesoporous silica with cubic Ia3d symmetry) and acid functionalized KIT-6 as a solid acid catalyst have been studied extensively for dehydration of xylose to furfural, esterification of fusel oil (isoamyl alcohol) to isoamyl acetate and etherification of glycerol to glycerol n-butyl ether. The KIT-6-SO3H catalysts were synthesized by co-condensation method in different ratios of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 99%) to 3-(mercaptopropyl) methyldimethoxysilane (MPMDS, 99%) and subsequent oxidation. Highly performance and selective dehydration of xylose to furfural were achieved using KIT-6-SO3H as a catalyst in a water/toluene biphasic system. The highest xylose conversion and furfural selectivity were reached 97.50 and 94.65%, respectively at the optimized condition at 170 °C for 2 h of 0.2-KIT-6-SO3H catalyst. This catalyst could be reused up to three cycles without any treatment. The KIT-6-SO3H catalyst presented a high turnover frequency in the xylose dehydrationreaction due to the three-dimensional structure of the KIT-6 mesoporous silica.In the second part, the production of isoamyl acetate using KIT-6-SO3H as a heterogeneous catalyst in the esterification reaction of fusel oil and acetic acid was achieved. The highest yield of isoamyl acetate was reached at 95.05% in the reaction condition of reaction temperature at 80 °C for 3 h. Moreover, the turnover frequency (TOF) was controlled by accessibility and the amount of acid site which was manipulated by variation the ratio of MPMDS:TEOS and the highest TOF were achieved by 0.1-SO3HKIT-6. Whereas, 0.3-SO3H-KIT-6 catalyst performed the excellent reusability over three cycles with the decrease in isoamyl acetate yield is not significant in each cycle.In the last part, the etherification of glycerol and n-butanol using KIT-6-SO3H as a heterogeneous catalyst was achieved. The 0.3-KIT-6-SO3H catalyst contained the highest acidity would be selected as a catalyst for this reaction. The highest di-glycerol n-butyl ether (di-GNBEs) selectivity was 51.50% at the optimized reaction condition of 140 °C for 6 h. In this research, the KIT-6-SO3H catalyst was prepared by sequential co-condensation and oxidation method. The KIT-6-SO3H played the good performance in acid catalysis reaction including furfural production from xylose dehydration, isoamyl acetate production from fusel oil esterification and glycerol n-butyl ether production from glycerol etherification.
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.res.2001.69
title: ความสนใจในการติดตามข้อมูลข่าวสารทางเศรษฐกิจจากสื่อมวลชนของนักศึกษา คณะเศรษฐศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.res.2001.70
title: การปฏิบัติตามบทบาทอาจารย์ที่ปรึกษาในทัศนะของนักศึกษาคณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.res.2000.46
title: ภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่นในการทำประมงเพื่อการอนุรักษ์ทรัพยากรชายฝั่ง กรณีศึกษาชุมชนประมงพื้นบ้าน บ้านแหลมมะขาม ตำบลเขาไม้แก้ว อำเภอสิเกา จังหวัดตรัง
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.181
title: การตอบสนองของอ้อยปลูกและอ้อยตอต่อการใส่ปุ๋ยไนโตรเจน
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.182
title: การวิเคราะห์การออมของครัวเรือนในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.183
title: ผลทางคลินิกของการบริบาลทางเภสัชศาสตร์แก่ผู้ป่วยนอกที่ได้รับยา warfarin ในโรงพยาบาลเชียงรายประชานุเคราะห์
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.184
title: การพัฒนาโปรแกรมเอทีพีสำหรับวงจรดิจิตอล โดยใช้วิธีรายการลดทอน
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.185
title: ผลของสารเคมีต่อคุณภาพหลังการเก็บเกี่ยวของดอกว่านนางคุ้มและกระเจียว
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.186
title: แนวทางการเร่งรัดการสำเร็จการศึกษาตามหลักสูตรของนักศึกษาระดับบัณฑิตศึกษา คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.336
title: การใช้แฟ้มสะสมงานในกิจกรรมสร้างสรรค์สำหรับเด็กอนุบาล
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.337
title: คุณภาพชีวิตการทำงานกับความยึดมั่นต่อองค์การของพยาบาลห้องผ่าตัด โรงพยาบาลศูนย์
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.187
title: การกระจายตัวทางพื้นที่ ขอบเขตบริการ และพฤติกรรมผู้บริโภคของร้านค้าสะดวกซื้อในเขตเทศบาลนครนครราชสีมา
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.338
title: การเรียนรู้และความตระหนักในปัญหาสิ่งแวดล้อมของประชาชน : กรณีศึกษาโครงการโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานความร้อน จังหวัดเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.339
title: ลักษณะทางเซลล์พันธุศาสตร์ และการถ่ายทอดทางพันธุกรรมของสีในข้าวเหนียวดำ
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.340
title: ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการมีส่วนร่วมในกิจกรรมเสริมหลักสูตรเพื่อพัฒนาประชาธิปไตยของนักศึกษา ระดับประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ สถาบันเทคโนโลยีราชมงคล วิทยาเขตภาคพายัพ จังหวัดเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.341
title: พลวัตของความขัดแย้งในการเข้าถึงพื้นที่ป่า : กรณีศึกษาหมู่บ้านป่าชุมชนในจังหวัดลำพูน
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.342
title: แนวทางการพัฒนาการเรียนการสอนวิชาอาชีพโรงเรียนกรมสามัญศึกษา อำเภอดอกคำใต้ จังหวัดพะเยา
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.343
title: การปรับปรุงคุณภาพน้ำมันหล่อลื่นเครื่องยนต์ที่ใช้งานแล้ว
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.344
title: ผลกระทบของอัตราแลกเปลี่ยนที่มีต่อการส่งออกสินค้าเกษตรของประเทศไทย
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2001.341
title: ความเหมาะสมของปัจจัยการงอกและรูปแบบการติดเมล็ดมะระขี้นกที่ความหนาแน่นประชากรต่างๆ
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.188
title: ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อการชำระภาษีอากรผ่านธนาคารพาณิชย์และสำนักงานสรรพากรอำเภอในเขตอำเภอเมือง จังหวัดเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13072088
title: Output 15

description: Structural Equation Modeling LISREL Output<br>
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.1999.345
title: บทบาทของกลุ่มเกษตรกรในการพัฒนาการผลิตลำไยในจังหวัดเชียงใหม่และจังหวัดลำพูน
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13072088.v1
title: Output 15

description: Structural Equation Modeling LISREL Output<br>
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2000.189
title: ผลของไนโตรเจน ฟอสฟอรัส โพแทสเซียมและจุลธาตุต่อคุณภาพและผลผลิตของส้มเขียวหวานในดินชุดบ้านจ้อง
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2001.342
title: ปัจจัยที่มีผลกระทบต่ออุปสงค์พลังงานไฟฟ้าของครัวเรือนในแขวงกำแพงนครเวียงจันทน์ สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2001.343
title: การวิเคราะห์โนมติที่คลาดเคลื่อนในวิชาเคมีของนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 5
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2001.344
title: การประเมินมูลค่าความเต็มใจยอมรับของชุมชนต่อพื้นที่ฝังกลบขยะ ตำบลหนองหาร อำเภอสันทราย จังหวัดเชียงใหม่
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2001.345
title: การศึกษาวิเคราะห์กระบวนการสร้างองค์ความรู้เกี่ยวกับไทศึกษาของนักวิชาการจีนตั้งแต่ทศวรรษ 1930-ทศวรรษ 1990
DOI: 10.18112/openneuro.ds003273.v1.0.0
title: ChildBrain Audiovisual MEG Dataset
DOI: 10.14457/cmu.the.2001.346
title: การเรียนรู้วัฒนธรรมการบริโภคของนักเรียนวัยรุ่นในเขตเมือง
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.fd53sn40
title: Data from: Tracking the migration of red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) reveals marathon flights and unexpected conservation challenges

description: Mu T, Tomkovich PS, Loktionov EY, Syroechkovskiy EE, Wilcove DS. 2020. Tracking the migration of red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) reveals marathon flights and unexpected conservation challenges. J Avian Biol. doi:10.1111/jav.02585
description: Effective conservation of migratory species depends on understanding both migratory connectivity and migration strategy. The Red‐necked Stint Calidris ruficollis is a small, highly migratory sandpiper of the East Asian‐Australasian Flyway, which is classified as Near Threatened due to ongoing population declines. We tracked the migration of three Red‐necked Stints breeding in southern Chukotka, Russia, using geolocators, and supplemented our tracking data with re‐sighting records of color‐flagged individuals. The three birds, all of which bred within 2km of each other, wintered in three different localities spanning nearly 5,000km. One individual completed its northward migration of &gt;9400 km in two marathon flights; the second leg of that journey was completed in a nonstop flight of 5,350 km. The successful conservation of just this one population requires protection of wintering sites across a vast area, coupled with key staging sites along the flyway. We suggest that other migratory species may pose similar conservation challenges.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.fd53sn40/1
title: Red-necked Stint southern Chukotka-accessory

description: Mu T, Tomkovich PS, Loktionov EY, Syroechkovskiy EE, Wilcove DS. 2020. Tracking the migration of red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) reveals marathon flights and unexpected conservation challenges. J Avian Biol. doi:10.1111/jav.02585
description: Effective conservation of migratory species depends on understanding both migratory connectivity and migration strategy. The Red‐necked Stint Calidris ruficollis is a small, highly migratory sandpiper of the East Asian‐Australasian Flyway, which is classified as Near Threatened due to ongoing population declines. We tracked the migration of three Red‐necked Stints breeding in southern Chukotka, Russia, using geolocators, and supplemented our tracking data with re‐sighting records of color‐flagged individuals. The three birds, all of which bred within 2km of each other, wintered in three different localities spanning nearly 5,000km. One individual completed its northward migration of &gt;9400 km in two marathon flights; the second leg of that journey was completed in a nonstop flight of 5,350 km. The successful conservation of just this one population requires protection of wintering sites across a vast area, coupled with key staging sites along the flyway. We suggest that other migratory species may pose similar conservation challenges.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.fd53sn40/2
title: Red-necked Stint southern Chukotka-light-levels

description: Mu T, Tomkovich PS, Loktionov EY, Syroechkovskiy EE, Wilcove DS. 2020. Tracking the migration of red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) reveals marathon flights and unexpected conservation challenges. J Avian Biol. doi:10.1111/jav.02585
description: Effective conservation of migratory species depends on understanding both migratory connectivity and migration strategy. The Red‐necked Stint Calidris ruficollis is a small, highly migratory sandpiper of the East Asian‐Australasian Flyway, which is classified as Near Threatened due to ongoing population declines. We tracked the migration of three Red‐necked Stints breeding in southern Chukotka, Russia, using geolocators, and supplemented our tracking data with re‐sighting records of color‐flagged individuals. The three birds, all of which bred within 2km of each other, wintered in three different localities spanning nearly 5,000km. One individual completed its northward migration of &gt;9400 km in two marathon flights; the second leg of that journey was completed in a nonstop flight of 5,350 km. The successful conservation of just this one population requires protection of wintering sites across a vast area, coupled with key staging sites along the flyway. We suggest that other migratory species may pose similar conservation challenges.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.fd53sn40/3
title: Red-necked Stint southern Chukotka-twilights

description: Mu T, Tomkovich PS, Loktionov EY, Syroechkovskiy EE, Wilcove DS. 2020. Tracking the migration of red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) reveals marathon flights and unexpected conservation challenges. J Avian Biol. doi:10.1111/jav.02585
description: Effective conservation of migratory species depends on understanding both migratory connectivity and migration strategy. The Red‐necked Stint Calidris ruficollis is a small, highly migratory sandpiper of the East Asian‐Australasian Flyway, which is classified as Near Threatened due to ongoing population declines. We tracked the migration of three Red‐necked Stints breeding in southern Chukotka, Russia, using geolocators, and supplemented our tracking data with re‐sighting records of color‐flagged individuals. The three birds, all of which bred within 2km of each other, wintered in three different localities spanning nearly 5,000km. One individual completed its northward migration of &gt;9400 km in two marathon flights; the second leg of that journey was completed in a nonstop flight of 5,350 km. The successful conservation of just this one population requires protection of wintering sites across a vast area, coupled with key staging sites along the flyway. We suggest that other migratory species may pose similar conservation challenges.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.fd53sn40/4
title: Red-necked Stint southern Chukotka-reference-data

description: Mu T, Tomkovich PS, Loktionov EY, Syroechkovskiy EE, Wilcove DS. 2020. Tracking the migration of red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) reveals marathon flights and unexpected conservation challenges. J Avian Biol. doi:10.1111/jav.02585
description: Effective conservation of migratory species depends on understanding both migratory connectivity and migration strategy. The Red‐necked Stint Calidris ruficollis is a small, highly migratory sandpiper of the East Asian‐Australasian Flyway, which is classified as Near Threatened due to ongoing population declines. We tracked the migration of three Red‐necked Stints breeding in southern Chukotka, Russia, using geolocators, and supplemented our tracking data with re‐sighting records of color‐flagged individuals. The three birds, all of which bred within 2km of each other, wintered in three different localities spanning nearly 5,000km. One individual completed its northward migration of &gt;9400 km in two marathon flights; the second leg of that journey was completed in a nonstop flight of 5,350 km. The successful conservation of just this one population requires protection of wintering sites across a vast area, coupled with key staging sites along the flyway. We suggest that other migratory species may pose similar conservation challenges.
DOI: 10.5441/001/1.fd53sn40/5
title: FlagResightingsMeino

description: Mu T, Tomkovich PS, Loktionov EY, Syroechkovskiy EE, Wilcove DS. 2020. Tracking the migration of red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis) reveals marathon flights and unexpected conservation challenges. J Avian Biol. doi:10.1111/jav.02585
description: Effective conservation of migratory species depends on understanding both migratory connectivity and migration strategy. The Red‐necked Stint Calidris ruficollis is a small, highly migratory sandpiper of the East Asian‐Australasian Flyway, which is classified as Near Threatened due to ongoing population declines. We tracked the migration of three Red‐necked Stints breeding in southern Chukotka, Russia, using geolocators, and supplemented our tracking data with re‐sighting records of color‐flagged individuals. The three birds, all of which bred within 2km of each other, wintered in three different localities spanning nearly 5,000km. One individual completed its northward migration of &gt;9400 km in two marathon flights; the second leg of that journey was completed in a nonstop flight of 5,350 km. The successful conservation of just this one population requires protection of wintering sites across a vast area, coupled with key staging sites along the flyway. We suggest that other migratory species may pose similar conservation challenges.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3784418
title: Phenotypic modulation of biofilm formation in a Staphylococcus epidermidis orthopedic clinical isolate grown under different mechanical stimuli: contribution from a combined proteomic study

description: One of the major causes of prosthetic joint failure is infection. Recently, coagulase negative <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> has been identified as an emergent, nosocomial pathogen involved in subclinical prosthetic join infections (PJIs). The diagnosis of PJIs mediated by <em>S. epidermidis</em> is usually complex and difficulties due to the absence of acute clinical signs derived from the host immune system response. Therefore, analysis of protein patterns in biofilm-producing <em>S. epidermidis</em> allows for the examination of the molecular basis of biofilm formation. Thus, in the present study, the proteome of a clinical isolate <em>S. epidermidis</em> was analyzed when cultured in its planktonic or sessile form to examine protein expression changes depending on culture conditions. After 24 hours of culture, sessile bacteria exhibited increased gene expression for ribosomal activity and for expression of proteins related to the initial attachment phase, involved in the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin, surface associated proteins and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Likewise, planktonic <em>S. epidermidis</em> was able to aggregate after 24 hours, synthesizing the accumulation associate protein and cell-wall molecules through the activation of the YycFG and ArlRS, two component regulatory pathways. Prolonged culture under vigorous agitation generated a stressful growing environment triggering aggregation in a biofilm-like matrix as a mechanism to survive harsh conditions. Further studies will be essential to support these findings in order to further delineate the complex mechanisms of biofilm formation of <em>S. epidermidis</em> and they could provide the groundwork for the development of new drugs against biofilm-related infections, as well as the identification of novel biomarkers of subclinical or chronic infections mediated by these emerging, low virulence pathogens.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3784417
title: Phenotypic modulation of biofilm formation in a Staphylococcus epidermidis orthopedic clinical isolate grown under different mechanical stimuli: contribution from a combined proteomic study

description: One of the major causes of prosthetic joint failure is infection. Recently, coagulase negative <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> has been identified as an emergent, nosocomial pathogen involved in subclinical prosthetic join infections (PJIs). The diagnosis of PJIs mediated by <em>S. epidermidis</em> is usually complex and difficulties due to the absence of acute clinical signs derived from the host immune system response. Therefore, analysis of protein patterns in biofilm-producing <em>S. epidermidis</em> allows for the examination of the molecular basis of biofilm formation. Thus, in the present study, the proteome of a clinical isolate <em>S. epidermidis</em> was analyzed when cultured in its planktonic or sessile form to examine protein expression changes depending on culture conditions. After 24 hours of culture, sessile bacteria exhibited increased gene expression for ribosomal activity and for expression of proteins related to the initial attachment phase, involved in the capsular polysaccharide/adhesin, surface associated proteins and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Likewise, planktonic <em>S. epidermidis</em> was able to aggregate after 24 hours, synthesizing the accumulation associate protein and cell-wall molecules through the activation of the YycFG and ArlRS, two component regulatory pathways. Prolonged culture under vigorous agitation generated a stressful growing environment triggering aggregation in a biofilm-like matrix as a mechanism to survive harsh conditions. Further studies will be essential to support these findings in order to further delineate the complex mechanisms of biofilm formation of <em>S. epidermidis</em> and they could provide the groundwork for the development of new drugs against biofilm-related infections, as well as the identification of novel biomarkers of subclinical or chronic infections mediated by these emerging, low virulence pathogens.