cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.21950/zzrrsc
title: Dynamics of oligodendrocyte populations following pMCAo promotes long-term spontaneous remyelination of damaged area

description: &lt;p&gt;Stroke is a major public health concern, whit limited clinically approved interventions available to enhance sensorimotor recovery beyond reperfusion. Remarkably, spontaneous recovery is observed in certain stroke patients, suggesting the existence of a self-brain repair mechanism not yet fully understood. In a rat model of permanent cerebral ischemia, we described an increase in oligodendrocytes expressing 3RTau in damaged area. Considering that restoration of myelin integrity ameliorates symptoms in many neurodegenerative diseases, here we hypothesize that this cellular response could trigger remyelination. Our results revealed after ischemia an early recruitment of OPCs to damaged area, followed by their differentiation into 3RTau+ pre-myelinating cells and subsequent into remyelinating oligodendrocytes. Using rat brain slices and mouse primary culture we confirmed the presence of 3RTau in pre-myelinating oligodendrocytes and a subset of mature. The myelin status analysis confirmed long-term remyelination in the damaged area. Postmortem samples from stroke subjects showed a reduction in oligodendrocytes, 3RTau+ cells, and myelin complexity in subcortical white matter. In conclusion, the dynamics of oligodendrocytes populations after ischemia reveals a spontaneous brain self-repair mechanism which restores the functionality of neuronal circuits long-term by remyelination of damage area. This is evidenced by the improvement of sensorimotor functions in ischemic rats. A deep understanding of this mechanism could be valuable in the search for alternative oligodendrocyte-based, therapeutic interventions to reduce the effects of stroke.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This dataset contains the raw data of cuantificación used in this study. It includes all the observations and measurements that were collected, which are essential for analysis and interpretation. The data is organized in a way that facilitates further exploration and analysis, ensuring that researchers can effectively utilize it for their own studies. 
&lt;/p&gt;
description: excel
description: Image J
description: Graph Pad
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/xo8gm2
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_154.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_154.tif
DOI: 10.21950/ixv5ex
title: Multicationic ruthenium phthalocyanines as photosensitizers for photodynamic inactivation of multiresistant microbes [raw data]

description: &lt;p&gt;Four photosensitizers PS1a-PS4a consisting in multicationic ruthenium(II) phthalocyanines (RuPcs) have been evaluated in photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of multiresistant microorganisms. The RuPcs, bearing from 4 to 12 terminal ammonium salts, have been designed to target the microorganisms cytoplasmic cell membrane and display high singlet oxygen quantum yields. In addition, PS3a and PS4a were conceived to exhibit multi-target localization by endowing them with amphiphilic character, using two different structural approaches. Under low light regimes, the two hydrophilic PS1a and PS2a, as well as the amphiphilic PS3a show much stronger response
against Gram-positive MRSA than that observed for the typical phthalocyanines designed for PDI, namely zinc(II) and palladium(II) complexes, as well as free-base Pcs. Besides, PS1a, PS2a and PS3a show remarkably high activity against the Gram-negative E. coli, although weak fungicidal character against fluconazole-resistant C. albicans. &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Contrasting, the structurally different, amphiphilic PS4a shows only slight activity for Grampositive bacteria, despite its ability to cross cell membrane and reach internal organelles. Still, PS4a shows a positive synergistic effect against MRSA when combined with doxycycline, exhibiting an increased activity from about 1.5 to about 4.9 log reduction under the light dose of 30 J/cm2 and the 0.125 mg/L subinhibitory dose of doxycycline.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Description of the dataset: Structural and photophysical characterization of compounds.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Mestre Nova
description: Topspin
description: Excel
description: Origin
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15243168
title: Yehaumilk Inscription

description: [Text Description:] Dedication of altar, gateway and portico to small shrine to Mistress of Byblos ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] KAI 10; Gibson III:25 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Unearthed in 1869 by local resident on tell of Byblos ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Script Note:] Phoenician ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Stone stele 1.13 x 0.56 x 0.24 m., inscription on lower register. Upper register: king in Persian dress offering homage to Mistress of Byblos; winged solar disk carved above. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Bottom right corner found separately, poor state of preservation; section in middle of stone badly faded. Stele is only roughly finished on back. May have been set into a wall in a portico.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15260315
title: Bronze amulet

description: [Text Description:] Bronze amulet ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Bronze scroll, 4.7 cm wide x 5.46 cm long, broken and cracked along edges
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/jh9lok
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_155.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_155.tif
DOI: 10.21950/pdwdpg
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base Datos del análisis de los comentarios sobre bronceado fotoprotección y fotoprevención solar en la red social TikTok

description: Base de datos y análisis en el software Atlas.ti de comentarios relacionados con el bronceado y la fotoprevención solar en jóvenes que fueron descargados de publicaciones en la red social TikTok.
description: Altas.ti
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/srylr4
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_157.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_157.tif
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/sxnxwj
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_156.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_156.tif
DOI: 10.21950/aywhsh
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base Datos de las publicaciones sobre bronceado fotoprotección y fotoprevención solar en la red social Twitter

description: Base de datos en el programa Excel sobre las publicaciones relacionadas con el bronceado y la fotoprevención solar que fueron descargados de la red social Twitter -ahora X-.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15243161
title: Honeyman Inscription

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] KAI 30; Gibson III:12 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Unknown provenience; probably from entrance to ❧ tomb. ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Script Note:] Phoenician ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Rectangular stone 0.4 m. high ❧ 0.44 m. ❧ 0.2 m. Reddish sandstone as occurs in southeast Cyprus. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] The object is at present mounted permanently to ❧ stone base in the Cyprus Museum. It is inscribed only on the face. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Inscr. Ph. 6
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15260310
title: Coin with urn and leaf

description: [Text Description:] Coin with urn and leaf ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Paleo-Hebrew ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Coin, 1.7 cm diameter
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/lefbaw
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_158.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_158.tif
DOI: 10.21950/cs46aq
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base Datos del cuestionario «Actitudes, conocimientos y comunicaciones relacionados con la exposición solar y el bronceado»

description: Base de datos de un cuestionario online sobre “actitudes, conocimientos y comunicaciones relacionados con la exposición solar y el bronceado”
DOI: 10.21950/zlek3d
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base Datos del experimento de efectividad de campaña de comunicación estratégica en cáncer de piel con jóvenes universitarios de compreven(p)cancer

description: Bases de datos en el software SPSS de un experimento de testeo de la eficacia de una campaña de comunicación estratégica sobre el cáncer de piel en jóvenes universitarios.
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/jfjikq
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_159.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_159.tif
DOI: 10.21950/zsmbh1
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Data de análisis de los grupos de discusión «hábitos, las actitudes y la comunicación de exposición al sol en jóvenes universitarios» de compreven(p)cancer

description: Base de datos y de análisis de Atlas.ti de los grupos de discusión con el objetivo de analizar los hábitos, las actitudes y la comunicación de exposición al sol en jóvenes universitarios.
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/n4ulm5
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_160.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_160.tif
DOI: 10.21950/px2hfc
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base de Datos del Análisis de Contenido de Prensa Española «representación de la incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer en la prensa española con mayor alcance semanal» Compreven(p)cancer

description: Base de datos de un análisis de contenido y asignación de tópicos latentes (LDA) sobre “representación de la incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer en la prensa española con mayor alcance semanal”
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15242651
title: Receipt

description: [Text or Publication Number Note:] KAI 183; Samaria Ostracon 1; Reisner 1; Gibson I, p.8/i. ❧ [Excavation Description:] 1910 Harvard University expedition at Sebastiyeh (Samaria). Found in level of the royal palace, August 23. ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Hebrew ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Fragment from side of flaring bowl of reddish brown ware with red wash, broken in two ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 1/4075
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15259855
title: Mandaic Lead Scroll

description: [Text Description:] Mandaic Lead Scroll, Amulet ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Mandaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Lead scroll, 5.5 cm wide
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/fnpeex
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_161.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_161.tif
DOI: 10.21950/qn5tuf
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base de Datos del Análisis de Prensa Digital «comparación mediante modelización temática de trastornos de la información reflejados en textos con relación al cáncer en la prensa digital chilena y española» Compreven(p)cancer

description: Base de datos de textos relacionados con el cáncer y los resultados de las pruebas de modelización temática comparativa para la detección de “trastornos de la información reflejados en la prensa digital chilena y española”
description: Excel
description: COMPREV(P)CÁNCER es un proyecto de comunicación estratégica orientado a la prevención del cáncer de piel por fotoexposición solar. Mediante campañas educativas, sensibilización comunitaria y acciones institucionales, busca fomentar hábitos de protección solar responsables, especialmente en poblaciones vulnerables, promoviendo una cultura de cuidado dermatológico desde un enfoque integral y preventivo.
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/azgdlr
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_163.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_163.tif
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/nqg8km
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_162.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_162.tif
DOI: 10.21950/mdhibc
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base Datos de la red social Instagram

description: Base Datos de la red social Instagram del proyecto COMPREV(P)CANCER
DOI: 10.21950/wwruxn
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base Datos de la red social Facebook

description: Base de datos de la red social Facebook del proyecto COMPREV(P)CANCER
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15242655
title: Yehaumilk Inscription

description: [Text Description:] Dedication of altar, gateway and portico to small shrine to Mistress of Byblos ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] KAI 10; Gibson III:25 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Unearthed in 1869 by local resident on tell of Byblos ❧ [Medium:] Stone ❧ [Script Note:] Phoenician ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Stone stele 1.13 x 0.56 x 0.24 m., inscription on lower register. Upper register: king in Persian dress offering homage to Mistress of Byblos; winged solar disk carved above. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Bottom right corner found separately, poor state of preservation; section in middle of stone badly faded. Stele is only roughly finished on back. May have been set into a wall in a portico.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15259853
title: Mandaic Lead Scroll

description: [Text Description:] Mandaic Lead Scroll, Amulet ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Mandaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Lead scroll, 5.5 cm wide
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/hro1mj
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_164.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_164.tif
DOI: 10.21950/vq0ycz
title: COMPREV(P)CANCER Base Datos de la red social Twitter/X

description: Base Datos de la red social Twitter/X del proyecto COMPREV(P)CANCER
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/uysnvy
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_165.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_165.tif
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15259852
title: Mandaic Lead Scroll

description: [Text Description:] Mandaic Lead Scroll, Amulet ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Mandaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Lead scroll, 5.5 cm wide
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15264431
title: Ostracon 7

description: [Text Description:] Ostracon 7 ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Hebrew or Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Ostracon, 5 sided shape, 7.67 cm x 5.55 cm
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/un8qiq
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_166.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_166.tif
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/tsxkxi
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_167.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_167.tif
DOI: 10.21950/cpi9oa
title: Dataset de caracterización de aplicaciones móviles

description: Este dataset se enmarca dentro del proyecto:
"Análisis de aplicaciones móviles desde la perspectiva de la protección de datos: Ciberprotección y Ciber-riesgos de la información de la ciudadanía"
Los objetivos son la creación de un Dataset que detalla las características esenciales para poder construir modelos predictivos para la detección de exposición de privacidad de datos.
Cada elemento del Dataset desglosa las actividades posibles en cada una de las redes sociales sujetas al análisis en los experimentos por cada sujeto.

La generación del dataset toma como elemento de partida el corpus de licencias de uso y términos de servicio en inglés y castellano disponible en doi:10.21950/YSG7FQ.
description: python, 3.10
description: Los autores desean agradecer el apoyo del Gobierno de España (a través del Instituto Nacional de Ciberseguridad de España, INCIBE), con el Proyecto de Investigación Estratégico "Análisis de aplicaciones móviles desde la perspectiva de la protección de datos: Ciber-protección y Ciber-riesgos de la información ciudadana'', en el contexto del Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia financiado por la Unión Europea (NextGenerationEU/PRTR).
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15259850
title: Mandaic Lead Scroll

description: [Text Description:] Mandaic Lead Scroll, Amulet ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Mandaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Lead scroll, 5.5 cm wide
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/p6qfm5
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_169.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_169.tif
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/y2rrm1
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_168.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_168.tif
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15264428
title: Ostracon 4

description: [Text Description:] Ostracon 4 ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Hebrew or Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Ostracon, 5.8 cm x 6 cm
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/9vsvft
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_170.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_170.tif
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/ahchdp
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_171.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_171.tif
DOI: 10.21950/7jinub
title: PituPhase65 Database

description: The PituPhase65 dataset includes 65 endoscopic pituitary surgery videos, with a mean duration of 90 minutes, performed at the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre (Madrid, Spain). The surgeries have been labelled in eight different surgical phases, including a Phase 0, called "Outside the body", to account for moments in video when the endoscope was outside the patient. 
Informed consent was obtained from all patients for the publication of the videos.
description: SurgeryAI is a research project focused on the integration of artificial intelligence and
digital tools in the care for neurosurgery patients. This dataset was built for the
development of surgical phase recognition models that to support better surgical
planning, real-time guidance, and workflow automation during surgery. Grant SurgeryAI
funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.
description: Label-Studio
description: This dataset constitutes an improvement over a previous dataset published by the same research group, called "PituPhase-SurgeryAI", which contained 44 endoscopic pituitary surgery videos. Now, the PituPhase65 dataset includes the original 44 surgeries, along with 21 new surgeries, as well as revised annotation files. More specifically, this dataset has the following improvements:

 - The addition of a new surgical phase (P1, Middle Turbinate Resection) to the annotation files, which correspond to the opening step performed by the otorhinolaryngologist.

 - The inter-annotator reliability test has been updated, revising the annotation in those surgeries in which the level of agreement between both annotators was lower than 80%.

<strong>See Map</strong>
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15259843
title: Mandaic Lead Scroll

description: [Text Description:] Mandaic Lead Scroll, Amulet ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Mandaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Lead scroll, 5.5 cm wide
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15264422
title: Ostracon 5

description: [Text Description:] Ostracon 5 ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Hebrew or Aramaic ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Ostracon, pentagon shape, 5.84 cm x 5.45 cm
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/i9nnd8
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_172.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_172.tif
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/q8ukfn
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_174.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_174.tif
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/x5dzoa
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_173.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_173.tif
DOI: 10.21950/xctr5k
title: Competency Evaluation of the Madrid Región 2019

description: The database comes from the Competency Evaluation of the Madrid Region, an individualized assessment tests for all students in 3rd grade, 6th grade (last year of primary education) and 10th grade (last year of compulsory secondary education), that have been held from the 2015-2016 academic year to the 2018-2019 academic year. This database only covers the tests carried out in the last year (2019) in 6th and 10th grade, only with the data of the public schools. The data was provided by the government of the Community of Madrid.
This database has been used in an article titled "Impact of the Madrid CLIL bilingual program on student achievement in primary and secondary education", which evaluates the Madrid bilingual program, comparing academic outcomes between bilingual and non-bilingual students using Propensity Score Matching.
description: STATA 18
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc15259837
title: Bronze amulet

description: [Text Description:] Bronze amulet ❧ [Excavation Description:] unprovenanced ❧ [Medium:] Metal ❧ [Script Note:] Jewish ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Bronze scroll, 4.7 cm wide x 5.46 cm long, broken and cracked along edges
DOI: 10.13130/rd_unimi/qa4bro/qusz40
title: 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_175.tif

description: 250729_EXPERIMENTAL_DATA/250408_OPT1_Video 250408_OPT1_TensileTest_175.tif
DOI: 10.21950/3k5q3q
title: Climate change vulnerability of tropical Afrotemperate flora in Africa’s sky islands

description: &lt;p&gt;Climate change poses a significant threat to Afrotemperate flora, particularly to the species isolated in high-altitude ecosystems, such as in the East African sky islands. This study assesses the vulnerability of Afrotemperate flora, using tropical Afroalpine and Afromontane Helichrysum (Compositae) taxa as a model system, by evaluating their climatic niches and future distribution shifts, range fragmentation, and altitudinal boundaries under climate change scenarios.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Occurrence records for 14 Helichrysum (8 tropical Afroalpine and 6 Afromontane) taxa were compiled from biodiversity databases and herbaria. Ecological niche models were developed using an ensemble approach that integrated Generalized Linear Models, Generalized Boosting Models, and Random Forest techniques. Taxon-specific bioclimatic variables were selected after correlation analysis. Models were calibrated using current climate data and projected under IPSL-CM6A-LR and MRI-ESM2.0 models, using both lowest and highest emission scenarios.
description: RStudio
DOI: 10.21950/so8xx0
title: A Hybrid Escape Room to Foster Motivation and Programming Education for Pre-Service Teachers

description: Educational escape rooms aims to motivate students, to strengthen knowledge and evaluate learning. Pre-service teachers enrolled in “Computer Science and Digital Competency” course shows lack of motivation and difficulties to realise its usefulness in everyday practice, becoming an ideal context to apply this strategy. 157 students belonging to a European university participated in the experience as case study. The educational escape room was conducted following a hybrid model, mixing a physical organization of props with a virtual organization of the narrative, tests and achievements. The experiment was designed to answer two hypotheses, first if applying escape room as an educational strategy fosters pre-primary and primary students’ motivation, since this method address complex concepts in a practical way, and second, if the application of this strategy as teaching strategy makes students perceive the learning process as a game.
description: IBM SPSS 29
description: This study adopted a quantitative research approach. Data about the students’ performance on an exam was collected in Moodle and then statistically analysed using both parametric and non-parametric techniques. Additionally, a 7-point Likert scale questionnaire was used to evaluate students’ perceptions of their learning process and gauge their feelings of accomplishment, challenge, guidance, competition, immersion, playfulness, and social experience.

he statistical process included the use of a Shapiro-Wilk test of normality distribution to verifythe data distribution. Since the data came from a normally distributed population, a t-test was used to determine whether there was a significant difference between the scores of the two groups (control
and experimental). Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon tools were applied to analyse each exam item and the final exam’s items.