cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q33df2v
title: Data from: An assessment of the role of the falx cerebri and tentorium cerebelli in the cranium of the cat (Felis silvestris catus)

description: The falx cerebri and the tentorium cerebelli are two projections of the
 dura mater in the cranial cavity which ossify to varying degrees in some
 mammalian species. The idea that the ossification of these structures may
 be necessary to support the loads arising during feeding has been proposed
 and dismissed in the past, but never tested quantitatively. To address
 this, a biomechanical model of a domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus)
 skull was created and the material properties of the falx and tentorium
 were varied for a series of loading regimes incorporating the main
 masticatory and neck muscles during biting. Under these loading
 conditions, ossification of the falx cerebri does not have a significant
 impact on the stress in the cranial bones. In the case of the tentorium,
 however, a localised increase in stress was observed in the parietal and
 temporal bones, including the tympanic bulla, when a non-ossified
 tentorium was modelled. These effects were consistent across the different
 analyses, irrespective of loading regime. The results suggest that
 ossification of the tentorium cerebelli may play a minor role during
 feeding activities by decreasing the stress in the back of the skull.
description: Felis silvestris catus
 image dataHead of an adult Felis
 silvestris catus specimen, obtained from a deceased animal donated to the
 Liverpool Veterinary School for teaching and research, scanned in an X-Tek
 HMX 160 microCT (µ-CT) system at the University of Hull, UK (scan
 resolution 61.7 µm in all three axes).Felis catus scan
 data.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jr5n2
title: Data from: Genotype-by-environment interactions due to antibiotic resistance and adaptation in Escherichia coli

description: Mutations that are beneficial in one environment can have different
 fitness effects in other environments. In the context of antibiotic
 resistance, the resulting genotype-by-environment interactions potentially
 make selection on resistance unpredictable in heterogeneous environments.
 Furthermore, resistant bacteria frequently fix additional mutations during
 evolution in the absence of antibiotics. How do these two types of
 mutations interact to determine the bacterial phenotype across different
 environments? To address this, I used Escherichia coli as a model system,
 measuring the effects of nine different rifampicin-resistance mutations on
 bacterial growth in 31 antibiotic-free environments. I did this both
 before and after approximately 200 generations of experimental evolution
 in antibiotic-free conditions (LB medium), and did the same for the
 antibiotic-sensitive wild type after adaptation to the same environment.
 Results: (1) bacteria with and without costly resistance mutations adapted
 to experimental conditions and reached similar levels of competitive
 fitness; (2) rifampicin-resistance mutations and adaptation to LB both
 indirectly altered growth in other environments; (3) resistant-evolved
 genotypes were more phenotypically different from the ancestor and from
 each other than resistant-non-evolved and sensitive-evolved genotypes.
 This suggests genotype-by-environment interactions generated by antibiotic
 resistance mutations, observed previously in short-term experiments, are
 more pronounced after adaptation to other types of environmental
 variation, making it difficult to predict long-term selection on
 resistance mutations from fitness effects in a single environment.
description: CompetitionsBiologSee readme file attached to Competitions.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d55j7
title: Data from: High fidelity detection of crop biomass QTL from low-cost imaging in the field

description: Field-based, rapid, and non-destructive techniques for assessing plant
 productivity are needed to accelerate the discovery of
 genotype-to-phenotype relationships in next-generation biomass grass
 crops. The use of hemispherical imaging and light attenuation modeling was
 evaluated against destructive harvest measures with respect to their
 ability to accurately capture phenotypic and genotypic relationships in a
 field-grown grass crop. Plant area index (PAI) estimated from below-canopy
 hemispherical images, as well as a suite of thirteen traits assessed by
 manual destructive harvests, were measured in a Setaria recombinant inbred
 line mapping population segregating for aboveground productivity and
 architecture. A significant correlation was observed between PAI and
 biomass production across the population at maturity (r2 = 0.60), as well
 as for select diverse genotypes sampled repeatedly over the growing season
 (r2 = 0.79). Twenty-seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) were detected for
 manually collected traits associated with biomass production. Of these,
 twenty-one were found in four clusters of co-localized QTL. Analysis of
 image-based estimates of PAI successfully identified all four QTL hotspots
 for biomass production. QTL for PAI had greater overlap with those
 detected for traits associated with biomass production than with those for
 plant architecture and biomass partitioning. Hemispherical imaging is an
 affordable and scalable method, which demonstrates how high-throughput
 phenotyping can identify QTL related to biomass production of field trials
 in place of destructive harvests that are labor, time, and material
 intensive.
description: PAI hemispherical
 imagesThe folder "PAI
 hemispherical images" contains the hemispherical images (.JPG) used
 to estimate Plant Area Index. The experimental design key that matches
 image name to plot location and genotype is contained within the
 README.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zsgcev
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species - China"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000925-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.28n02s8
title: Data from: Behavioural syndromes vary among geographically distinct populations in a reptile

description: A key goal in the study of animal personalities is to determine their
 adaptive potential and importance for behavioural evolution. Behavioural
 syndromes are evolutionarily intriguing because they suggest that an
 adaptive change in one behaviour requires a concomitant shift in another.
 Within species, behavioural syndromes might be evolutionarily constrained
 by intrinsic mechanisms that restrict behaviours from evolving
 independently. Alternatively, behavioural correlations might easily be
 decoupled over short evolutionary time-scales due to variation in
 selective pressures between environments. In this regard, comparative
 studies that explore differences in diverse aspects of personality between
 geographically distinct populations can provide valuable insights into the
 evolutionary processes acting on different behavioural tendencies.
 Accordingly, we investigated how behavioural types and behavioural
 syndromes differed across four geographically distinct populations of the
 delicate skink, Lampropholis delicata. We found strong evidence of mean
 trait-level variation in activity, exploration, and boldness across
 populations, suggesting adaptation to local environmental conditions.
 Similarly, we found that within-population correlations involving boldness
 varied substantially between populations. However, we did find a
 consistent within- and among-population correlation between activity and
 exploration, suggesting that this behavioural syndrome is relatively
 stable and could explain behavioural divergence in activity and
 exploration between populations. We suggest that there may be thermal
 physiological mechanisms that could be limiting the adaptive potential of
 an activity-exploration correlation in the delicate skink. Broadly, we
 argue that some behavioural correlations may be more adaptive than others,
 and that this should be more regularly considered within the animal
 personality framework.
description: Michelangeli et al
 Behav. Ecol. Behavioural sydnrome vary among geographically distinct
 populations in a reptile _DATASETThis excel datasheet
 contains the behavioural metrics measured for each individual lizard for
 both trial 1 and trial 2 across all behavioural assays (non-directed
 activity, obstacle test, sociability test, predator-response test). The
 excel spreadsheet contains a sheet "Total" that has all of the
 behavioural metrics combined. There are also seperate sheets for each
 behavioural assays that contain the behavioural metrics for that assay
 only. Check the README file for a description of the column
 headings
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v8b0s
title: Data from: Land use types influenced avian assemblage structure in a forest–agriculture landscape in Ghana

description: The conservation of biodiversity within tropical forest regions does not
 lie only in the maintenance of natural forest areas, but on conservation
 strategies directed towards agricultural land types within which they are
 embedded. This study investigated variations in bird assemblages of
 different functional groups of forest-dependent birds in three
 agricultural land types, relative to distance from the interior of 34
 tropical forest patches of varying sizes. Point counts were used to sample
 birds at each study site visited. Data from counts were used to estimate
 species richness, species evenness and Simpson’s diversity of birds. Mean
 species richness, evenness and diversity were modelled as responses and as
 a function of agricultural land type, distance from the forest interior
 and three site-scale vegetation covariates (density of large trees,
 fruiting trees, patch size) using generalised linear mixed-effect models.
 Mean observed species richness of birds varied significantly within
 habitat types. Mean observed species richness was highest in forest
 interior sites while sites located in farm centres recorded the lowest
 mean species richness. Species richness of forest specialists was strongly
 influenced by the type of agricultural land use. Fallow lands, density of
 large trees and patch size strongly positively influenced forest
 specialists. Insectivorous and frugivorous birds were more species-rich in
 fallow lands while monoculture plantations favoured nectarivorous birds.
 Our results suggest that poor agricultural practices can lead to
 population declines of forest-dependent birds particularly specialist
 species. Conservation actions should include proper land use management
 that ensures heterogeneity through retention of native tree species on
 farms in tropical forest-agriculture landscapes.
description: Deikumah et
 al_dataData obtained from point
 count sampling of birds in forest and different agricultural land
 types.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tp4cp
title: Data from: Three-dimensional printing of complex biological structures by freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels

description: We demonstrate the additive manufacturing of complex three-dimensional
 (3D) biological structures using soft protein and polysaccharide hydrogels
 that are challenging or impossible to create using traditional fabrication
 approaches. These structures are built by embedding the printed hydrogel
 within a secondary hydrogel that serves as a temporary, thermoreversible,
 and biocompatible support. This process, termed freeform reversible
 embedding of suspended hydrogels, enables 3D printing of hydrated
 materials with an elastic modulus &lt;500 kPa including alginate,
 collagen, and fibrin. Computer-aided design models of 3D optical, computed
 tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging data were 3D printed at a
 resolution of ~200 μm and at low cost by leveraging open-source hardware
 and software tools. Proof-of-concept structures based on femurs, branched
 coronary arteries, trabeculated embryonic hearts, and human brains were
 mechanically robust and recreated complex 3D internal and external
 anatomical architectures.
description: FRESH Data Part
 1FRESH Data Part
 2
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4h1q3qb2
title: Data from: Hosts are ahead in a marine host-parasite coevolutionary arms race: innate immune system adaptation in pipefish Syngnathus typhle against Vibrio phylotypes

description: Microparasites have a higher evolutionary potential than their hosts due
 to an increased mutation rate and a shorter generation time which usually
 results in parasites being locally adapted to their sympatric hosts. This
 pattern may not apply to generalist pathogens as adaptation to sympatric
 host genotypes is disadvantageous due to a narrowing of the host range, in
 particular under strong gene flow among host populations. Under this
 scenario, we predict that the immune defence of hosts reveals adaptation
 to locally common pathogen phylotypes. This was tested in four host
 populations of the pipefish Syngnathus typhle and associated bacteria of
 the genus Vibrio. We investigated the population divergence among host and
 bacteria populations and verified that gene flow is higher among host than
 among parasite populations. Next, we experimentally assessed the strength
 of innate immune defence of pipefish hosts using in vitro assays that
 measured antimicrobial activity of blood plasma against sympatric and
 allopatric Vibrio phylotypes. Pipefish plasma displays stronger
 antimicrobial activity against sympatric Vibrio phylotypes compared to
 allopatric ones. This suggests that host defence is genetically adapted
 against local bacteria with a broad and unspecialised host spectrum, a
 situation that is typical for marine systems with weak host population
 structure.
description: inhibition zone data
 august 2011 for dryadThe file provides all
 raw data of the inhibition zones that were performed during this
 experiments. On this row data specificity indices were calculated, t-tests
 and ANOVAs were performed.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.54c7h
title: Data from: Asexual reproduction in introduced and native populations of the ant Cerapachys biroi

description: Asexual reproduction is particularly common among introduced species,
 probably because it helps to overcome the negative effects associated with
 low population densities during colonization. The ant Cerapachys biroi has
 been introduced to tropical and subtropical islands around the world since
 the beginning of the last century. In this species, workers can reproduce
 via thelytokous parthenogenesis. Here we use genetic markers to
 reconstruct the history of anthropogenic introductions of C. biroi, and to
 address the prevalence of female parthenogenesis in introduced and native
 populations. We show that at least four genetically distinct lineages have
 been introduced from continental Asia and have led to the species’
 circumtropical establishment. Our analyses demonstrate that asexual
 reproduction dominates in the introduced range and is also common in the
 native range. Given that C. biroi is the only dorylomorph ant that has
 successfully become established outside of its native range, this unusual
 mode of reproduction probably facilitated the species’ worldwide spread.
 On the other hand, the rare occurrence of haploid males and at least one
 clear case of sexual recombination in the introduced range show that C.
 biroi has not lost the potential for sex. Finally, we show that thelytoky
 in C. biroi probably has a genetic, rather than an infectious origin, and
 that automixis with central fusion is the most likely underlying
 cytological mechanism. This is in accordance with what is known for other
 thelytokous eusocial Hymenoptera.
description: Kronauer et al. 2012
 microsatellite genotypesThis file contains
 multilocus microsatellite genotypes for female individuals of the ant
 Cerapachys biroi.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.283g6
title: Data from: Small effective size limits performance in a novel environment

description: Understanding what limits or facilitates species' responses to
 human-induced habitat change can provide insight for the control of
 invasive species and the conservation of small populations, as well as an
 arena for studying adaptation to realistic novel environments. Small
 effective size of ancestral populations could limit the establishment in,
 or response to, a novel or altered habitat because of low genetic
 variation for ecologically important traits, and/or because small
 populations harbor fixed deleterious mutations. I estimated the fitness of
 individuals from populations of the endangered plant Hypericum cumulicola,
 of known census and effective size, transplanted into native scrub habitat
 and unpaved roadsides, which are a novel habitat for this species. I found
 a significant positive relationship between estimates of population size
 and mean fitness, but only in the novel roadside habitat. Fitness was more
 than 200% greater in the roadside habitat than the scrub, mostly due to
 increased fecundity. These results combined with previous estimates of
 heterosis in this species suggest that fixed deleterious mutations could
 contribute to lower fitness of field transplants from small populations in
 the novel environment.
description: Oakley2013_EvolApp_DataforDryadRaw data on fitness component estimates from the field over 2 years. Population level least square mean fitness estimates, population sizes, and heterosis estimates from the greenhouse for correlations/regressions.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gnadxm
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 755 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Hyoscyamus albus",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 755 records from 104 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000926-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9057
title: Data from: Spite and the scale of competition in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

description: Scale of competition has been shown to be an important factor in shaping
 the evolution of the social interactions. Although many theoretical and
 experimental studies have examined its impact upon altruistic cooperation,
 relatively little research effort has been focused upon spiteful
 behaviours: actions that harm both the actor and recipient. In this study,
 we expand upon the existing theory by investigating the importance of
 global frequency of spiteful alleles, and we determine experimentally how
 scale of competition affects selection for spite in the bacterial pathogen
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, under high and intermediate spatial relatedness.
 Consistent with our theoretical results, we find in our experiments that
 spiteful genotypes are more favoured under local (rather than global)
 competition and intermediate (rather than high) spatial relatedness;
 conditions that have been shown to select against indiscriminate altruism.
description: Change in frequency of
 bacteriocin producers in response to the scale of competition and spatial
 relatednessResults from
 manipulating scale of competition and and spatial relatedness. Colonies
 were picked randomly from plates and used to inoculate the subsequent
 transfer. These results score the number of producing (p) and sensitive
 (c) colonies used to inoculate the subsequent tubes of
 media.Invasion of bacteriocin
 producer and an isogenic non producing mutant that does not produce under
 a range of different starting frequenciesColony counts for
 competition assays between bacteriocin producing, non-producing, and
 sensitive strains, with relative fitness calculations. Competitions
 include both direct (in the same tube) and indirect (separate tubes)
 data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1004f
title: Data from: Chemical defence in avian brood parasites: production and function of repulsive secretions in common cuckoo chicks

description: The use of active chemical defence against predators is relatively rare in
 birds. Among others, it has been reported for some members of family
 Cuculidae whose chicks, when threatened, expel dark foul-smelling liquid
 from their cloaca. Apart from the brood parasitic great spotted cuckoo
 Clamator glandarius, however, this phenomenon has not yet been
 systematically studied in any other cuckoo species. Here we investigated
 the repellent behaviour in the evicting brood parasite, the common cuckoo
 Cuculus canorus, parasitizing the great reed warbler Acrocephalus
 arundinaceus. We explored whether production of secretions varies with
 chick age or size, and tested its presumed repellent function against
 various types of predators. We found that the production of secretions
 commenced at the age of approximately eight days, then gradually increased
 and decreased again shortly before fledging. Furthermore, we
 experimentally confirmed a more intensive repellent effect of the
 secretions on mammal predators than on avian predators, such as raptors
 and owls. The secretions have, however, no effect on corvid predators,
 probably because these scavengers often consume malodorous food. Further
 experimental studies together with phylogenetic comparative analyses are
 needed to elucidate the origin and function of this intriguing phenomenon
 both in parasitic and non-parasitic cuckoos.
description: Chemical defence in
 avian brood parasites_raw dataRaw data obtained from
 the study
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h628h
title: Data from: Risk-aware multi-armed bandit problem with application to portfolio selection

description: Sequential portfolio selection has attracted increasing interests in the
 machine learning and quantitative finance communities in recent years. As
 a mathematical framework for reinforcement learning policies, the
 stochastic multi-armed bandit problem addresses the primary difficulty in
 sequential decision making under uncertainty, namely the exploration
 versus exploitation dilemma, and therefore provides a natural connection
 to portfolio selection. In this paper, we incorporate risk-awareness into
 the classic multi-armed bandit setting and introduce an algorithm to
 construct portfolio. Through filtering assets based on the topological
 structure of financial market and combining the optimal multi-armed bandit
 policy with the minimization of a coherent risk measure, we achieve a
 balance between risk and return.
description: data and
 codesThe data and matlab
 codes can be used to replicate the results in the
 paper.Data_and_codes.zip