cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12514880.v1
title: Levels of clusterin, CD5L, ficolin-3, and gelsolin in ALS patients and controls

description: In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, there is a need for biomarkers to distinguish patients from controls, to follow disease progression and to provide information about the pathogenesis of disease. In a previous mass spectrometry study that searched for potential proteins of interest, we identified clusterin, CD5L, ficolin-3, and gelsolin as molecules that differed in abundance between ALS patients and controls, with a greater difference in patients with cognitive impairment. Here, we have measured levels of these molecules in plasma from a separate cohort of ALS patients and controls. The plasma was depleted of abundant plasma proteins. We confirmed our previous findings that levels of clusterin are decreased and ficolin-3 are increased in ALS patients compared to controls. In this study, we found that levels of CD5L were increased in patients with ALS and levels correlated with survival. We found that levels of gelsolin were modestly increased in ALS compared to controls whereas in our previous study these were decreased, especially in patients with cognitive impairment who were not included in this study. We suggest that clusterin and ficolin-3 deserve further study as potential ALS biomarkers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12601027
title: A prospective study on split-hand index as a biomarker for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

description: To determine the practical diagnostic utility of split-hand index (SI) values calculated from F-wave persistence (SI<sub>FP</sub>) and the F/M amplitude ratio (SI<sub>F/M</sub>) for differentiating patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from other conditions. <i>Methods</i>: This prospective study recruited consecutive patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China, between June 2019 and December 2019. Patients 18-80 years old who had clinical neuromuscular symptoms affecting the upper limbs and required electrophysiological examinations to aid diagnosis were eligible. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and F-waves recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI), and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) were examined. SI<sub>FP</sub> and SI<sub>F/M</sub> were calculated as: SI = (APB × FDI)/ADM. The sensitivity and specificity of SI<sub>FP</sub> and SI<sub>F/M</sub> in differentiating ALS from non-ALS conditions were derived using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. <i>Results:</i> A total of 309 participants, comprising 91 (29.4%) with ALS and 218 (70.6%) with other neuromuscular disorders, were enrolled after 54 were excluded. SI<sub>FP</sub> was significantly reduced and SI<sub>F/M</sub> increased in the ALS group compared with the non-ALS group (<i>p</i> FP cutoff of 73.3 showed 85.7% sensitivity and 80.7% specificity for differentiating ALS from non-ALS. SI<sub>F/M</sub> and SI<sub>CMAP</sub> showed lower sensitivity (67% and 75.8%, respectively, <i>p</i> FP for ALS diagnosis. SI<sub>FP</sub> and SI<sub>F/M</sub> combined did not outperform SI<sub>FP</sub> alone. <i>Conclusion</i>: SI<sub>FP</sub> could be a sensitive, noninvasive neurophysiological diagnostic marker for ALS patients with affected upper limbs. In particular, an SI<sub>FP</sub> value of 73.3 might be the optimal cutoff for diagnosing ALS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12601027.v1
title: A prospective study on split-hand index as a biomarker for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

description: To determine the practical diagnostic utility of split-hand index (SI) values calculated from F-wave persistence (SI<sub>FP</sub>) and the F/M amplitude ratio (SI<sub>F/M</sub>) for differentiating patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from other conditions. <i>Methods</i>: This prospective study recruited consecutive patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China, between June 2019 and December 2019. Patients 18-80 years old who had clinical neuromuscular symptoms affecting the upper limbs and required electrophysiological examinations to aid diagnosis were eligible. Compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and F-waves recorded from the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI), and abductor digiti minimi (ADM) were examined. SI<sub>FP</sub> and SI<sub>F/M</sub> were calculated as: SI = (APB × FDI)/ADM. The sensitivity and specificity of SI<sub>FP</sub> and SI<sub>F/M</sub> in differentiating ALS from non-ALS conditions were derived using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. <i>Results:</i> A total of 309 participants, comprising 91 (29.4%) with ALS and 218 (70.6%) with other neuromuscular disorders, were enrolled after 54 were excluded. SI<sub>FP</sub> was significantly reduced and SI<sub>F/M</sub> increased in the ALS group compared with the non-ALS group (<i>p</i> FP cutoff of 73.3 showed 85.7% sensitivity and 80.7% specificity for differentiating ALS from non-ALS. SI<sub>F/M</sub> and SI<sub>CMAP</sub> showed lower sensitivity (67% and 75.8%, respectively, <i>p</i> FP for ALS diagnosis. SI<sub>FP</sub> and SI<sub>F/M</sub> combined did not outperform SI<sub>FP</sub> alone. <i>Conclusion</i>: SI<sub>FP</sub> could be a sensitive, noninvasive neurophysiological diagnostic marker for ALS patients with affected upper limbs. In particular, an SI<sub>FP</sub> value of 73.3 might be the optimal cutoff for diagnosing ALS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849791
title: Association of E-cigarettes with adolescent alcohol use and binge drinking-drunkenness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

description: <i>Background:</i> E-cigarette (ECIG) use has increased substantially in the past decade. Co-use of alcohol and ECIGS may have serious consequences in adolescents. <i>Objectives:</i> To evaluate the association of e-cigarettes (ECIGs) with alcohol use in adolescents. <i>Methods:</i> Searched databases included PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and gray literature. Studies were included if they contained a non-E-cigarette group (NON-ECIG), an ECIG group, detailed rates of alcohol use, binge drinking, or drunkenness and included adolescents. Two independent reviewers extracted data using MOOSE guidelines. Evidence quality across studies was assessed using Cochrane GRADE methodology. Summary effects of ECIG vs. NON-ECIG use on any alcohol use and a composite of binge drinking/drunkenness were calculated using a random-effects model. <i>Results:</i> 28 of 3768 initially identified studies were included: 25 cross-sectional, 3 cohort studies, N = 458,357 total subjects (49.6% females). Pooling of data showed that ECIG users had a higher risk for any alcohol use compared to NON-ECIG users (Odds Ratio/OR 6.62, 95% confidence interval/CI 5.67–7.72) and a higher rate of binge drinking/drunkenness compared to NON-ECIG users (OR 6.73, 95% CI 4.5 − 10.07). The subset of high school ECIG users had higher rates of alcohol use (OR 8.17, 95% CI 5.95–11.2) and binge drinking/drunkenness (OR 7.98, 95% CI 5.98–10.63) compared to NON-ECIG users. <i>Conclusion:</i> ECIG users had a higher risk of alcohol use and binge drinking/drunkenness compared to NON-ECIG users. Our findings indicate that interventions to reduce ECIG use should be coupled with measures to reduce alcohol use in adolescents.<b>Abbreviations:</b> ECIG: e-cigarettes; NON-ECIG: non e-cigarettes
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849791.v2
title: Association of E-cigarettes with adolescent alcohol use and binge drinking-drunkenness: A systematic review and meta-analysis

description: <i>Background:</i> E-cigarette (ECIG) use has increased substantially in the past decade. Co-use of alcohol and ECIGS may have serious consequences in adolescents. <i>Objectives:</i> To evaluate the association of e-cigarettes (ECIGs) with alcohol use in adolescents. <i>Methods:</i> Searched databases included PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and gray literature. Studies were included if they contained a non-E-cigarette group (NON-ECIG), an ECIG group, detailed rates of alcohol use, binge drinking, or drunkenness and included adolescents. Two independent reviewers extracted data using MOOSE guidelines. Evidence quality across studies was assessed using Cochrane GRADE methodology. Summary effects of ECIG vs. NON-ECIG use on any alcohol use and a composite of binge drinking/drunkenness were calculated using a random-effects model. <i>Results:</i> 28 of 3768 initially identified studies were included: 25 cross-sectional, 3 cohort studies, N = 458,357 total subjects (49.6% females). Pooling of data showed that ECIG users had a higher risk for any alcohol use compared to NON-ECIG users (Odds Ratio/OR 6.62, 95% confidence interval/CI 5.67–7.72) and a higher rate of binge drinking/drunkenness compared to NON-ECIG users (OR 6.73, 95% CI 4.5 − 10.07). The subset of high school ECIG users had higher rates of alcohol use (OR 8.17, 95% CI 5.95–11.2) and binge drinking/drunkenness (OR 7.98, 95% CI 5.98–10.63) compared to NON-ECIG users. <i>Conclusion:</i> ECIG users had a higher risk of alcohol use and binge drinking/drunkenness compared to NON-ECIG users. Our findings indicate that interventions to reduce ECIG use should be coupled with measures to reduce alcohol use in adolescents.<b>Abbreviations:</b> ECIG: e-cigarettes; NON-ECIG: non e-cigarettes
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849791.v1
title: Association of E-cigarettes with adolescent alcohol use and binge drinking-drunkenness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

description: E-cigarette (ECIG) use has increased substantially in the past decade. Co-use of alcohol and ECIGS may have serious consequences in adolescents. To evaluate the association of e-cigarettes (ECIGs) with alcohol use in adolescents. Searched databases included PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and gray literature. Studies were included if they contained a non-E-cigarette group (NON-ECIG), an ECIG group, detailed rates of alcohol use, binge drinking, or drunkenness and included adolescents. Two independent reviewers extracted data using MOOSE guidelines. Evidence quality across studies was assessed using Cochrane GRADE methodology. Summary effects of ECIG vs. NON-ECIG use on any alcohol use and a composite of binge drinking/drunkenness were calculated using a random-effects model. 28 of 3768 initially identified studies were included: 25 cross-sectional, 3 cohort studies, N = 458,357 total subjects (49.6% females). Pooling of data showed that ECIG users had a higher risk for any alcohol use compared to NON-ECIG users (Odds Ratio/OR 6.62, 95% confidence interval/CI 5.67–7.72) and a higher rate of binge drinking/drunkenness compared to NON-ECIG users (OR 6.73, 95% CI 4.5 − 10.07). The subset of high school ECIG users had higher rates of alcohol use (OR 8.17, 95% CI 5.95–11.2) and binge drinking/drunkenness (OR 7.98, 95% CI 5.98–10.63) compared to NON-ECIG users. ECIG users had a higher risk of alcohol use and binge drinking/drunkenness compared to NON-ECIG users. Our findings indicate that interventions to reduce ECIG use should be coupled with measures to reduce alcohol use in adolescents.<b>Abbreviations:</b> ECIG: e-cigarettes; NON-ECIG: non e-cigarettes
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12601030
title: Genetic diversity of X-STR markers in Jat Sikh population of Punjab, India and its comparison with other 39 global populations

description: The Jat Sikh population is the largest endogamous group of Punjab, a state in north-west India, and has not yet been explored for genetic polymorphism based on X-STR genetic markers. In India, which is the second most populous country in the world, only two population studies based on X-STR markers have been reported so far. To explore the genetic diversity of 12 X chromosomal STR genetic markers in the Jat Sikh population of Punjab and expand the X-STR polymorphism database. In this study, a total of 200 Jat Sikh individuals (100 males and 100 females) residing in Punjab were investigated for 12 X-STR markers using the Investigator Argus X-12 QS Kit. The highest power of discrimination (PD) in females (PD<sub>f</sub>) and males (PD<sub>m</sub>) was observed to be 0.965 (DXS10135) and 0.929 (DXS10135 and DXS10148), respectively. DXS10135 was found to be the most polymorphic and discriminating locus among all the studied loci in both males and females with highest values of power of discrimination (PD) and polymorphic information content (PIC) as well. Overall, the studied markers of the Argus 12 X-STR kit provide high polymorphic information which may prove to be an important tool in resolving issues such as missing person identification, incest, immigration disputes, kinship analysis and genealogical studies. The dataset obtained from this study will add to the present database of X-STRs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12601030.v1
title: Genetic diversity of X-STR markers in Jat Sikh population of Punjab, India and its comparison with other 39 global populations

description: The Jat Sikh population is the largest endogamous group of Punjab, a state in north-west India, and has not yet been explored for genetic polymorphism based on X-STR genetic markers. In India, which is the second most populous country in the world, only two population studies based on X-STR markers have been reported so far. To explore the genetic diversity of 12 X chromosomal STR genetic markers in the Jat Sikh population of Punjab and expand the X-STR polymorphism database. In this study, a total of 200 Jat Sikh individuals (100 males and 100 females) residing in Punjab were investigated for 12 X-STR markers using the Investigator Argus X-12 QS Kit. The highest power of discrimination (PD) in females (PD<sub>f</sub>) and males (PD<sub>m</sub>) was observed to be 0.965 (DXS10135) and 0.929 (DXS10135 and DXS10148), respectively. DXS10135 was found to be the most polymorphic and discriminating locus among all the studied loci in both males and females with highest values of power of discrimination (PD) and polymorphic information content (PIC) as well. Overall, the studied markers of the Argus 12 X-STR kit provide high polymorphic information which may prove to be an important tool in resolving issues such as missing person identification, incest, immigration disputes, kinship analysis and genealogical studies. The dataset obtained from this study will add to the present database of X-STRs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12493154
title: The genomic ancestry of Jat Sikh population from Northwest India inferred from 15 autosomal STR markers using capillary electrophoresis

description: Autosomal STR typing using capillary electrophoresis is a reliable method for establishing parentage and for deciphering genomic ancestry. This study was planned to show the genetic diversity of the Jat Sikh population, which is a widespread community of the Punjab region, and to assess its genetic relationship with existing Indian populations. Blood samples of unrelated healthy individuals of the Jat Sikhs (n = 123) were used in this study. Fifteen autosomal STR markers along with the sex determination genetic marker Amelogenin were amplified using AmpF<i>l</i>STR<sup>®</sup>Identifiler<sup>®</sup> Plus kit, and genetic analyser 3100 was used for genotyping. A total of 246 alleles were observed with allele frequencies ranging from 0.004 to 0.447. The heterozygosity ranged from 0.659 to 0.886, and all studied loci were in Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). Fibrinogen A alpha (Aα) chain (FGA) was found to be the most polymorphic and also the most discriminating locus in the studied population. Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree, principal component analysis (PCA) plot, and Nei’s Distance matrix revealed genetic affinity with the previously reported Jatt Sikh (Punjab) population and showed the outlier nature of this population compared with other Indian populations. The data generated by this study enhance the database of Indian populations to be used in civil and forensic cases and also in other population-based genetic studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849818
title: Genetic characterisation and forensic importance of 20 Y-STRs in Han population from Anshan, Northeast of China

description: With a population of over 1.4 billion and 56 ethnic groups, China is the largest country in the world in terms of population. Han is the main ethnic group of China (93%). To provide genetic data of Y chromosomal STRs from Anshan City, Northeast of China, for the first time, which will serve as a reference database for forensic and population studies. We report data of 20 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (YSTRs) genotyped with the Goldeneye<sup>®</sup> 20Y kit in 270 Han individuals residing in Anshan City of China. A total of 170 alleles were observed on 20 Y-STRs. The gene diversities varied from 0.3460 (DYS391) to 0.9692 (DYS385). Overall haplotype diversity was almost 1 with 261 unique haplotypes, while the discrimination capacity (DC) was 0.9814. Pairwise Rst and Fst genetic analyses, MDS plot, N-J tree and PCA showed the genetic structure of Anshan Han population was significantly different from other minority groups like Tibetans and Kazakhs. Results of this study showed that Goldeneye<sup>®</sup> 20Y system loci have strong discriminatory power in the Anshan Han population of China which makes this kit suitable for forensic applications in this ethnic group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12493154.v1
title: The genomic ancestry of Jat Sikh population from Northwest India inferred from 15 autosomal STR markers using capillary electrophoresis

description: Autosomal STR typing using capillary electrophoresis is a reliable method for establishing parentage and for deciphering genomic ancestry. This study was planned to show the genetic diversity of the Jat Sikh population, which is a widespread community of the Punjab region, and to assess its genetic relationship with existing Indian populations. Blood samples of unrelated healthy individuals of the Jat Sikhs (n = 123) were used in this study. Fifteen autosomal STR markers along with the sex determination genetic marker Amelogenin were amplified using AmpF<i>l</i>STR<sup>®</sup>Identifiler<sup>®</sup> Plus kit, and genetic analyser 3100 was used for genotyping. A total of 246 alleles were observed with allele frequencies ranging from 0.004 to 0.447. The heterozygosity ranged from 0.659 to 0.886, and all studied loci were in Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). Fibrinogen A alpha (Aα) chain (FGA) was found to be the most polymorphic and also the most discriminating locus in the studied population. Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree, principal component analysis (PCA) plot, and Nei’s Distance matrix revealed genetic affinity with the previously reported Jatt Sikh (Punjab) population and showed the outlier nature of this population compared with other Indian populations. The data generated by this study enhance the database of Indian populations to be used in civil and forensic cases and also in other population-based genetic studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12849818.v1
title: Genetic characterisation and forensic importance of 20 Y-STRs in Han population from Anshan, Northeast of China

description: With a population of over 1.4 billion and 56 ethnic groups, China is the largest country in the world in terms of population. Han is the main ethnic group of China (93%). To provide genetic data of Y chromosomal STRs from Anshan City, Northeast of China, for the first time, which will serve as a reference database for forensic and population studies. We report data of 20 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (YSTRs) genotyped with the Goldeneye<sup>®</sup> 20Y kit in 270 Han individuals residing in Anshan City of China. A total of 170 alleles were observed on 20 Y-STRs. The gene diversities varied from 0.3460 (DYS391) to 0.9692 (DYS385). Overall haplotype diversity was almost 1 with 261 unique haplotypes, while the discrimination capacity (DC) was 0.9814. Pairwise Rst and Fst genetic analyses, MDS plot, N-J tree and PCA showed the genetic structure of Anshan Han population was significantly different from other minority groups like Tibetans and Kazakhs. Results of this study showed that Goldeneye<sup>®</sup> 20Y system loci have strong discriminatory power in the Anshan Han population of China which makes this kit suitable for forensic applications in this ethnic group.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14547729
title: output.txt

description: test
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14547729.v1
title: output.txt

description: test
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12973261.v1
title: Differential classification of infants in United States neonatal intensive care units for weight, length, and head circumference by United States and international growth curves

description: Clinicians and researchers use a variety of intrauterine growth curves to classify NICU infants as small (SGA), appropriate (AGA), or large for gestational age (LGA). Since curve creation methods and samples vary, SGA/AGA/LGA cut-offs and resulting subgroups of infants vary among curves and impact outcome study findings - limiting generalisability. Determine how two international and two US-specific curves classified US NICU infants. Classified 192,888 infants from US NICUs (2013–2016) as SGA or LGA for birthweight, length, and head circumference, using the international Fenton and INTERGROWTH-21st curves and US-specific Olsen and Lubchenco (historical) curves. Modern curves classified approximately 10% of infants as SGA up to 32 weeks, but older infants had increased variability. The INTERGROWTH-21st curves consistently had rates above 10% for LGA after 32 weeks. While Olsen and Fenton both fit, the Olsen curves had overall best-fit for our sample of US NICU infants. The INTERGROWTH-21st curves fit the definitions for SGA and LGA for younger ages, but inferences outside of these definitions are unwarranted due to limited sample size. The INTERGROWTH-21st sample used for 33 weeks and older infants was physically smaller at the upper percentiles than our sample of US infants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12932858
title: A method for calculating BMI z-scores and percentiles above the 95<sup>th</sup> percentile of the CDC growth charts

description: The 2000 CDC growth charts are based on national data collected between 1963 and 1994 and include a set of selected percentiles between the 3<sup>rd</sup> and 97<sup>th</sup> and LMS parameters that can be used to obtain other percentiles and associated z-scores. Obesity is defined as a sex- and age-specific body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95<sup>th</sup> percentile. Extrapolating beyond the 97<sup>th</sup> percentile is not recommended and leads to compressed z-score values. This study attempts to overcome this limitation by constructing a new method for calculating BMI distributions above the 95<sup>th</sup> percentile using an extended reference population. Data from youth at or above the 95<sup>th</sup> percentile of BMI-for-age in national surveys between 1963 and 2016 were modelled as half-normal distributions. Scale parameters for these distributions were estimated at each sex-specific 6-month age-interval, from 24 to 239 months, and then smoothed as a function of age using regression procedures. The modelled distributions above the 95<sup>th</sup> percentile can be used to calculate percentiles and non-compressed z-scores for extreme BMI values among youth. This method can be used, in conjunction with the current CDC BMI-for-age growth charts, to track extreme values of BMI among youth.