cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-qfh8-fs13
title: Developing Partnerships with Socially Vulnerable Populations—CONVERGE Extreme Events Research Check Sheets Series

description: This check sheet is for researchers who are considering ways to ethically develop partnerships with socially vulnerable populations. It includes evidence-based steps for engaging with these populations to meet research and community goals. It also summarizes key considerations to address at the outset of a new collaboration, such as positionality, budget availability, and expected time commitments. About the CONVERGE Extreme Events Research Check Sheets Series: The National Science Foundation-supported CONVERGE facility at the Natural Hazards Center at the University of Colorado Boulder has developed a series of brief check sheets that are meant to be used as researchers design their studies, prepare to enter the field, conduct field research, and exit the field. The series offers best practices for extreme events research and includes check sheets that are free to the research community. More information is available at: https://converge.colorado.edu/resources/check-sheets.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-e29e-gv45
title: Fire Resilience of Physical Civil Infrastructure

description: Fire threats are increasing across the US, stemming from both accidental structural fires and the increasing vulnerability and exposure of communities to wildfires. Due to the growing frequency of extreme events that continue to accelerate the risk of disasters, there is a critical need to fund research that enhances our understanding of the fire resilience of infrastructure. This conference will convene leading experts in structural fire engineering, geotechnical engineering, fire science, and related fields to collaboratively develop a research roadmap that addresses key knowledge gaps to strengthen the resilience of US infrastructure against fire-related damage.
The conference will focus on topics aligned with the National Science Foundation's (NSF) Engineering for Civil Infrastructure (ECI) program, with particular emphasis on the impact of fires on structures, covering both structural fires (e.g., buildings, bridges, tunnels) and wildland-urban interface (WUI) fires. The discussions will prioritize innovation and growth in the field, identifying critical research needs in experimental testing, numerical modeling, and post-fire field data collection. Additionally, the conference will explore the development of research infrastructure necessary to support these efforts, and strategies for workforce development and education.
The outcome of the conference will be a comprehensive report that federal and private agencies can use to prioritize fire research initiatives. This report will aim to bolster the leadership of US institutions in global fire research and strengthen national infrastructure against the escalating threat of fire.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-16g2-1d13
title: Compact Tension Experiments
title: in Collaborative Research: Simulating Crack Propagation in Steel Structures Under Ultra-Low Cycle Fatigue and Low-Triaxiality Loading from Earthquakes and Other Hazards

description: Experimental test data from this project has been used to develop, calibrate and validate computational models to simulate ductile crack initiation and propagation in steel structures under ultra-low cycle fatigues.  The resulting models can be used in fundamental and applied research to evaluate earthquake-induced fracture limit states in steel structures.  The experimental test data can be used by researchers to calibrate and validate alternate computational models, which they have developed.
description: Compact tension specimens for calibration of crack propagation model.
DOI: 10.13019/3rqyd929
title: FoRDy: Rocking Shallow Foundation Performance in Dynamic Experiments

description: In recent years, numerous centrifuge and 1g shake-table experiments have demonstrated that rocking shallow foundations can be designed as an effective component of a seismically resilient bridge or building structure. However, it is difficult to directly compare datasets from the numerous experiments because they were documented by different researchers with different equipment, objectives and variable definitions. An extensive effort was made to process the datasets from different laboratories in a consistent way to enable users to discover relationships between dependent and independent variables across datasets generated by different research groups. In that sense FoRDy is a dataset about datasets – a meta-dataset.  The FoRDy dataset (Foundation Rocking - Dynamic) contains data from a large set of dynamic model tests on rocking shallow foundations. FoRDy contains results of single-degree-of-freedom-like structures on rocking shallow foundations from five centrifuge and three 1g shake-table test series. It includes 13 different structures, 18 different soil profiles, over 50 different ground excitations, and a total of 200 event model case histories. A spreadsheet, called the FoRDy Mastersheet summarizes all of the key independent and dependent variables for each loading event and lists the filenames for supporting data. The supporting data files are also provided.  A README document in the “MASTERSHEET AND DOCUMENTATION” directory explains how users may browse and find the data they might need in FoRDy. 
A separate but complementary dataset (FoRCy) compiles related data from pseudo-static monotonic and slow-cyclic tests on rocking shallow foundations (Hakhamaneshi et al. 2020).  Examples showing how the authors envision the FoRDy data may be re-used are demonstrated by Athipotta-Variam et al. (2017), Gavras (2019) and Gavras et al. (2020).
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-451w-2z18
title: Earthquake Hazards
title: in Seaside Testbed Data Inventory for Infrastructure, Population, and Earthquake-Tsunami Hazard

description: This project contains datasets associated with Seaside, Oregon, a multi-hazard testbed for infrastructure resilience. Seaside is located along the Oregon coast and is subject to both seismic and tsunami hazards associated with the Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ). The Seaside testbed was established as a multi-hazard testbed for the NIST Community Resilience Center of Excellence. The size of Seaside lends itself to parcel-level analyses of multi-infrastructure damage, loss, and recovery modeling. 


Datasets are provided for built-, natural-, and social-systems in Seaside. The built environment consists of buildings, electric power, transportation, and water infrastructures. The building inventory was constructed from tax-lot data, Google street view, and a field survey (Park et al., 2017b). The electric power network was constructed from aerial imagery. Bridges in the transportation network are from the National Bridge Inventory and roads are from the TIGER/Line database. The water network is from the city of Seaside public works (Kameshwar et al., 2019). The natural environment (hazards) are the result of a probabilistic seismic-tsunami hazards analysis (PSTHA; Park et al., 2017a). The social systems consist of results from a housing unit allocation (Rosenheim et al., 2019). Researchers, decision makers, and planners, among others, can utilize these datasets to conduct community-scale multi-hazard risk assessment, focusing on application to the coastal urban city of Seaside, Oregon.
description: This dataset contains the seismic results of a probabilistic seismic tsunami hazard analysis.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-fqkr-h615
title: Compilation and Forecasting of Paleoliquefaction Evidence for the Strength of Ground Motions in the U.S. Pacific Northwest: A Digital Dataset (Version 2)

description: In the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW), the historic earthquake record is often insufficient to provide inputs to seismic-hazard analyses or to inform ground-motion predictions for certain seismic sources (e.g., the Cascadia Subduction Zone, CSZ). As a result, paleoseismic studies are commonly used to infer information about the seismic hazard. However, among the many forms of coseismic evidence, soil liquefaction provides the best, if not only, evidence from which the intensities of previous ground motions may be constrained. Accordingly, the overarching goal of this research is to use paleoliquefaction to elucidate previous ground motions in the PNW – both for CSZ events and others – and to further constrain the locations, magnitudes, and recurrence rates of such ruptures. Towards that goal, this paper: (i) reviews current paleoliquefaction inverse-analysis methods and their limited, prior applications in the PNW; (ii) compiles all PNW paleoliquefaction evidence from the literature into a GIS database, resulting in data from 185 study sites (e.g., feature locations, types, sizes, and ages); and (iii) develops maps – specific to the CSZ – that forecast paleoliquefaction for 30 different simulations of a CSZ event. These maps can be used to guide field explorations for new evidence, such that they are conducted efficiently and strategically, considering the apparent utility of evidence toward constraint of CSZ ground-motion models. Of additional utility, this process provides regional ground-motion predictions for physics-based simulations of an M9 event, to include expected site effects. Collectively, the maps of expected shaking intensity and liquefaction may be useful in downstream hazard modelling, regional loss estimation, policy development, and science communication. Ultimately, as more paleoliquefaction evidence is identified and studied, better constraint of regional ground-motion hazards will result. Version 2 (this posting) supersedes Version 1 (10.17603/ds2-jm19-2w09). Updates include GIS rasters that provide regional ground-motion intensity predictions (PGA, PGV) for 30 physics-based simulations of an M9 event, to include expected site effects
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-kkkv-vc05
title: Computing Modified Cumulative Absolute Fractional Response (CAR5α)
title: in Fractional Order Intensity Measure for High-Confidence Probabilistic Seismic Demand Modeling of Structures

description: Main File for computing Modified Cumulative Absolute Fractional Response (CAR5α)
description: In performance-based earthquake engineering, probabilistic seismic demand models of structures are essential components that provide probabilistic estimates of earthquake-induced demands as a function of a variable(s) called the ground motion intensity measure (IM). Uncertainties in these models are often dependent on the IM used. In other words, an appropriate IM for response prediction play a pivotal role toward reliable probabilistic seismic demand modeling of structures and subsequently, risk and resilience quantification. To this end, a series of novel fractional order (FO) IMs are proposed to release the constraints of traditional integer order IMs such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), velocity (PGV), and displacement (PGD), etc., to yield improved demand models. The developed FO IMs include peak ground response (PGRα), cumulative absolute response (CARα) and its modified version (CAR5α), spectral acceleration at a period of interest for a fractionally damped single degree of freedom (SDF) system (Sad-Tnα) and for a conventional SDF system with fractional response (Sar-Tnα), spectrum intensity for a fractionally damped SDF system (SIdα), as well as for a conventional SDF system with fractional response (SIrα). Superiorities of the developed FO IMs to the traditional IMs are successfully demonstrated using a coupled soil-bridge models considering liquefaction and laterally spreading effects. This demonstration motivates further investigation of these FO IMs for different types of structures or infrastructure systems where introduction of fractional order intensity measures may similarly help to improve performance predictions. Accordingly, seismic risk estimates founded upon the use of these novel IMs have the potential to enhance the confidence and accuracy in future studies.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-nkyv-6t63
title: Baseline Survey to Evaluate Settlement Survey Participants Experience Before and During COVID-19
title: in Evaluating COVID-19-Driven Community-Based Virtual Settlement Service Programs

description: Community-based settlement service providers (CBSSPs) are on the frontline, equipping the newcomers with community-driven, hands-on knowledge and skills, accelerating newcomers’ engagement in their new local communities in particular, and in Canadian society in general. In keeping with the COVID-19 public health protocols, as most CBSSPs transferred their settlement service programs online, in order to continually support the newcomers in establishing their new social ties and community connections. A comprehensive examination of the challenges that newcomers have been facing and the benefits obtained while participating in these virtual services, especially being studied is the influence of the virtual service approach on newcomers’ progress in establishing their social ties and community connections, has become a novel endeavor during the COVID-19 pandemic. This project uses an online survey approach to evaluate the newcomers’ challenges and benefits associated with their participation in the virtual settlement service programs before and during COVID-19 in Metro Vancouver, Canada.  Since COVID-19-triggered public health mitigation strategies have moved most service programs virtually, researchers, practitioners, and policymakers may use this dataset and survey instrument to evaluate the effectiveness of in-person and virtual service programs.
description: Online survey evaluate settlement service program participants's experience of: a) usage of the service programs, b) challenges to access the service program, and c) benefits obtained from the service program before and after COVID-19 in Vancouver, BC, Canada
DOI: 10.17603/ds2z38z
title: Development of validated methods for soil-structure interaction analysis of buried structures
title: in Development of validated methods for soil-structure interaction analysis of buried structures

description: This experiment contains measurements made during a centrifuge test involving two culverts embedded in dense sand. One culvert has a rectangular section and is flexurally stiff, and the other has a circular section and is more flexible. Experimental measurements include acceleration, bending strain, axial strain, and settlement. Raw data files are included in a binary file format, and processed data are included in an ASCII text format in prototype engineering units. Jupyter notebooks used to process the data files are included. A Jupyter notebook serves as an interactive digital data report.
description: The seismic response of underground structures is a complex soil-structure interaction (SSI) problem in which two fundamental mechanisms are at play. Kinematic SSI is concerned with the motion of the structure in the presence of spatially variable ground motions and the interface pressures that develop as a result of different structural and free-field motions. Inertial SSI captures the soil reactions that develop to resist inertial forces associated with the acceleration of the structure. The kinematic component is generally considered to be most significant for embedded structures, due to their modest mass. Existing methods of
analysis for the seismic response of embedded structures are not based on a rational conceptual framework that recognizes the essential role of SSI in the response prediction. These methods of analysis therefore have an unknown degree of reliability for the problem. We propose a two-year project that will significantly advance our understanding of SSI for embedded structures. The
major elements of the proposed work are as follows:
1) Utilizing the Center for Geotechnical Modeling (CGM) 1 centrifuge modeling facility, perform an experiment consisting of two representative structures embedded in backfill per Caltrans Standard Plans A62E and A62F.
2) Compare the experimental findings with the recently proposed method in National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) 611 report and establish the validity (or lack thereof) of this method for the specific Caltrans configurations tested.
3) Formulate preliminary recommendations for Caltrans practice and identify future research needs in this area, as needed.
DOI: 10.17603/ybv4-xq74
title: NEESR E-Defense Base Isolation 2013: 3 isolation-layer modeling

description: After participation in testing of a base-isolated structure at E-Defense in 2013, models of the isolation-layer components are developed from the experimental test data.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-6hx4-ke44
title: COULWAVE Simulations:  Modeling the Tsunamis from the Tonga Eruption
title: in Diverse Tsunamigenesis Triggered by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Eruption

description: Simulations and analysis data presented in the paper: "Diverse Tsunamigenesis Triggered by the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai Eruption"
description: On the evening of 15 January 2022, the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano unleashed a violent underwater eruption, blanketing the surrounding land masses in ash and debris. The eruption generated tsunamis observed throughout the globe. An event of this type last occurred in 1883, during the eruption of Krakatau, and thus we have the first observations of a tsunami from a large emergent volcanic eruption captured with modern instrumentation. Here, we show the explosive eruption appears to have generated waves through multiple mechanisms, including: 1) air-sea coupling with the initial and powerful shockwave radiating out from the explosion in the immediate vicinity of the eruption, 2) the collapse of the water-cavity created by the underwater explosion, and 3) air-sea coupling with the air-pressure pulse that circled the earth multiple times, leading to a global tsunami. In the nearfield, the tsunami impacts are strongly controlled by the water-cavity source, while the far-field tsunami, which was uncommonly persistent, can be largely described by the air-pressure pulse mechanism. Catastrophic damage in some harbors in the far-field was averted by just tens of centimeters, implying that a modest sea level rise combined with a future, similar event would lead to a step-function increase in infrastructure impacts. Piecing together the complexity of this event has broad implications to the hazard in similar geophysical settings, potentially indicating a currently neglected source of global tsunamis.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-6my9-yz67
title: StEER - 22/23 April, 2019 Philippines Earthquakes: Event Briefing

description: This Event Briefing (1) summarizes the seismic characteristics of the 22/23 April 2019 Philippines earthquakes, (2) overviews damage to buildings and other infrastructure, as well as disruption to the community in terms of downtime and economic losses, and (3) summarizes key lessons learned. Information provided herein was gathered from various websites, news channels, USGS and the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology. Therefore, this briefing does not include insights from detailed field investigations.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-7rdw-cw70
title: Earthquake analyses for portfolios of seven highway bridge classes
title: in Response and Fragility Modeling of Aging Bridges Subjected to Earthquakes and Truck Loads

description: This project consists of OpenSees simulations of 7 highway bridge classes subjected to earthquake ground motions. The entire workflow for the simulations is carried out in DesignSafe and the OpenSees simulations are performed using the high-performance computing infrastructure available through DesignSafe. OpenSees version 3.0 was used for simulations. The simulations are carried out for a portfolio of each bridge class and can be used for regional or portfolio level bridge assessment studies. The OpenSees scripts needed to run the analyses and the generated outputs along with the read me files are also available in this dataset.
description: This project performs simulations to study the seismic response of seven different bridge classes. The contributions of this project are: 1) the finite element models are parameterized to facilitate regional level probabilistic seismic performance assessment; and 2) they allow inclusion of deterioration due to aging and environmental exposure when assessing seismic behavior. The simulation results could be used for developing parameterized fragility models, i.e. models for conditional probability of exceeding a given damage state. They also offer a dataset for testing alternative machine learning techniques or surrogate modeling approaches for bridge seismic response prediction.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-c5db-q090
title: iButton Instrument
title: in Personal Heat Exposure

description: This project was a component of the larger NSF funded Three City Heat and Electrical Failure AdapTation (3HEAT) Study, which aimed to assess the health impact of a simultaneous city-wide power outage and heatwave in the cities of Phoenix, Arizona; Detroit, Michigan; and Atlanta, Georgia. This subset of the larger 3HEAT project aimed to measure the personal heat exposure of Phoenix residents. Additionally we related residents' personal heat exposure profiles to their daily activities, cooling methods, and thermal comfort.  The data from this project could be reused to better understand the relationship between heat exposure, thermal comfort, and daily activity at an individual scale. This data could also be used in combination with similar datasets to explore these relationships across different cities or to compare different methods of assessing personal heat exposure.
description: The file in this collection contains  information about the iButton Temperature and Humidity Sensors that were used to collect data on personal heat exposure. The file contains information regarding the model of the iButton, sampling rate,  placement criteria for the sensor, the column headers and associated units of the iButton data. Additionally, the file details the time frame and spatial extent for which the data were collected.
DOI: 10.17603/ds2-kkzm-6056
title: Sorptivity and Infiltration
title: in Characterization and Geotechnical Properties of Wildfire Ashes

description: Sorptivity and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity were measured using a mini disk infiltrometer (Meter Group). Dry samples were prepared as loosely as possible using dry pluviation into a consolidometer mold (height = 2.54 cm, diameter = 6.35 cm) and then compressed in a pneumatic consolidation load frame (Gilson HM series) to stresses of 1, 25, and 50 kPa. The stresses were applied by the consolidometer to simulate the application of 0.2-10 ft of overburden to the lightweight ash layer. The samples compressed at 1 kPa were prepared intentionally to simulate ash that had been freshly deposited after a wildfire. The suction rate for the mini disk infiltrometer was set at 2 cm-1. Sample A3 was not measured as there was insufficient quantity of ash to run the analysis. Sorptivity and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity were calculated based on the steady-state infiltration rate measured during testing, after Zhang (1997).
description: This project summarizes the geotechnical engineering properties of eight samples of wildfire ash sampled from three different wildfire sites in central and southern California. This data can be used in conjunction with data collected from others to provide a database of the physical, chemical, hydrological, and engineering properties of wildfire ashes. Extensive engineering testing of wildfire ashes is not readily available in literature, so this work will supplement the supply currently available. This work would be information and educational for those researching wildfire ashes, fire-exposed slopes, carbonate-rich soils, and manmade soils, including other types of ash. This data can be reused by those who would like reference data for further testing on wildfire ashes and for those who require reference data on soil engineering properties.