DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp0b9
title: Cucumber core collection fruit morphological traits raw data (2019-2022)

description: Commercial value of cucumber is primarily driven by fruit
 quality.  However, breeding goals frequently focus on production
 constraints caused by biotic and abiotic stresses.  As sources of
 resistances are often present in unadapted germplasm, we sought to provide
 morphological and genetic information characterizing the diversity of
 fruit quality traits present in the CucCAP cucumber core collection. These
 388 accessions representing &gt;96% of the genetic diversity for
 cucumber present in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System harbor
 important sources of resistances and extensive morphological
 diversity.  Data were collected for skin color, length/diameter
 ratio (L/D), tapering, curvature, and spine density for young fruits [5-7
 days post-pollination (dpp)], and length, diameter, L/D, skin color,
 netting, seed cavity size, flesh thickness, hollowness, and flesh color
 for mature fruits (30-40 dpp).  The multi-year photographic data
 have been made available via the Cucurbit Genomics Database (GuGenDB,
 http://cucurbitgenomics.org/v2/).  Significant associations of
 SNPs with each trait were identified from genome-wide association studies
 (GWAS).  In several cases, QTL for highly correlated traits were
 closely clustered.  Principal component analysis, driven
 primarily by the highly correlated traits of fruit length, young and
 mature L/D ratios, and curvature showed a clear divergence of East Asian
 accessions.  The longest fruits possessed length-associated
 alleles for significant SNPs distributed across five of the seven
 chromosomes, indicating broad genomic effects of selection.  Many
 of the SNPs identified for the morphological traits were in close vicinity
 to previously identified fruit trait QTL and candidate genes while several
 novel genes potentially important for these traits were also
 identified. 
description: # Cucumber core collection fruit morphological traits raw data (2019-2022)
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp0b9](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbp0b9) ## The Data The data was collected from the USDA cucumber core collection from 2019-2022. Each file contain the measurements of the morphological trait as shown in the file name. Six representative fruits from each accession were selected for photograph when harvesting. The description and illustration of the measurement method can be found in the Material and Method in the publication.  ### Fruit shape traits ### *Fruit length, diameter, carpel number, seed cavity, flesh thickness, hollowness, spine density, netting, tapering* These traits had one measurement per fruit. The letters are the abbreviation for the trait, the numbers followed indicate the fruit order. The two digits number after the decimal indicate the year of data collected. For example: *mature_length_raw.csv* * len.1.19: fruit length measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * len.2.19: fruit length measurement of the 2nd fruit in 2019 *mature_diameter_raw.csv* * d3.20: fruit diameter measurement of the 3rd fruit in 2020 * d4.20: fruit diameter measurement of the 4th fruit in 2020 *cavity_raw.csv* * s5.21: seed cavity size measurement of the 5th fruit in 2021 * s6.21: seed cavity size measurement of the 6th fruit in 2021 ### ***Curvature*** There may be 1-2 curves in each fruit. The first number indicates the fruit order, the number between the decimals indicates the first or the second curve, the two digits number after the decimals indicates the year of data collected. For example: * c1.1.21: the first curvature measurement of the 1st fruit in 2021 * c1.2.21: the second second curvature measurement of 1st fruit in 2021 * c2.1.21: the first curvature measurement of the 2nd fruit in 2021 * c2.2.21: the second second curvature measurement of 2nd fruit in 2021 ### *LD ratio for young and mature fruits* LD (length/diameter) ratios are calculated based on the length and diameter of each fruit measured. For example: *young_ld_raw.csv* * ld.1.19: LD ratio of the 1st fruit in 2019 * ld.2.19: LD ratio of the 2nd fruit in 2019 ### **Color Traits** The color traits were recorded in RGB format. For each measurement, the values for R, G, and B values were recorded. ### ***Fruit skin color (young and mature)*** For mature fruits, three measurements were taken for each fruit (top, middle and bottom sections), while two measurements (the first and third quarters sections) for young fruits. For example: * R1.1.19: the R value of the first measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * G1.1.19: the G value of the first measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * B1.1.19: the B value of the first measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * R1.2.19: the R value of the second measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * G1.2.19: the G value of the second measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * B1.2.19: the B value of the second measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * R1.3.19: the R value of the third measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * G1.3.19: the G value of the third measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 * B1.3.19: the B value of the third measurement of the 1st fruit in 2019 ### ***Mature fruit flesh color*** A single measurement for the mid-section of each fruit. * R1.19: the R value of the 1st fruit in 2019 * G1.19: the G value of the 1st fruit in 2019 * B1.19: the B value of the 1st fruit in 2019 * R2.19: the R value of the 2nd fruit in 2019 * G2.19: the G value of the 2nd fruit in 2019 * B2.19: the B value of the 2nd fruit in 2019