cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79124
title: Pundit Isa Das Group, India, ca.1901

description: “The Pundit Isa Das group. These are all related to the late Pundit Isa Das by descent or marriage. They were almost all present at a marriage in Jaipur.” Group portrait of indigenous men, women and children. Pundit Isa Das was converted sometime between 1865 and 1868 by Dr. Collin Valentine, who established the mission in Jaipur. His conversion was significant because he was a Brahmin, or member of the upper priestly caste. The term “pundit” means one who is learned or a scholar. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79129
title: Gateway to Palace Achrol, Jaipur, India, ca.1900

description: "The Gate-way into the Palace of Achrol." External view of gateway that leads to the Palace of Achrol. Two guards can also be seen at the entrance. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79127
title: Palace of the Achrol, Jaipur, India, ca.1901

description: "The Palace of the Achrol Thakur under a hill 17 miles N. E. of Jaipur." External view of palace and surrounding landscape. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79126
title: Teachers, Jaipur, India, 1900

description: "The teachers. Anglo-vernacular school." Group portrait of teachers at local Anglo Vernacular school in Jaipur. The Anglo Vernacular school was started in 1877 by Dr. George Macalister. Originally the church employed non-Christian teachers in secular subjects, with teaching of religious subjects arranged by the missionaries. By 1899, the vernacular schools were staffed entirely by Christian teachers. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79135
title: Main Street, Chomun, India, ca.1901

description: “Population of Chomu [Chomun] 1881- 6,928. 1891- 8,540. 1901- 9,300.” External view of people standing alongside long street. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79161
title: Daki Ram’s Chhatri, Rajasthan, India, ca.1900

description: “Daki Ram’s Chatri [chhatri]. He was a famous Guru and the people built him this monument.” External view of several domed canopies and small buildings. The term “chhatri” refers to the domed canopies and is considered typical of Rajasthan architecture. Chhatris were often built as cenotaphs for wealthy or important individuals, especially in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79754
title: Ox Carts, Tumutumu, Kenya, September 1926

description: "Ox Carts". View of two ox pulling carts of goods. ❧ This Mission station was established by Dr A.C. Irvine, his wife and Mr Ernest Carr when they arrived, in 1922, from TumuTumu. Chogoria is built on a wooded ridge at an altitude of 5,000 feet. Mr Carr arrived first and built a bungalow in 1922, the Irvines arrived that autumn. A stone church was built to replace the thatch and wattle old church and was opened in 1930. Safaris into Tharaka country were undertaken to preach.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79294
title: Travelling Dispensary, Nagpur, India, ca.1927

description: "The Travelling Dispensary with Dr Martin and nurses. It brings help and healing to many village folk. Two photos taken by the wayside (Sister Davidson and Dr Young)" External view with Dr Young and Sister Davidson, both travelling dispensaries from the Mure Memorial Hospital, tending to patients. Both were colleagues of Dr Anna Martin, a medical missionary from Ayrshire. The hospital, which was founded by Dr Agnes Elizabeth Henderson in 1896, contained several wards including a children’s’ and isolation wards.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79296
title: Ratan, Nagpur, India, ca.1927

description: "Ratan - the hospital pet." Portrait of a young indigenous girl. Stephen Hislop (1817-1863) was charged, by the Free Church of Scotland, with setting up a mission in Nagpur in 1845 which had been endowed by an army officer, Brigadier W. Hill. Based 10 miles from Nagpur at Kamptee, a military camp situated on the Kanhan River, he taught at the school. ❧ The hospital, which was founded by Dr Agnes Elizabeth Henderson in 1896, contained several wards including a children's and isolation ward.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79165
title: Another Seth’s Chhatri, Sikar, India, ca.1900

description: “Another Seth’s Chatri [chhatri], Sikar.” External view of large ornate building with several domed roofs and canopies. There is also a mural on the front wall. The term “chhatri” refers to the domed canopies and is considered typical of Rajasthani architecture. Chhatris were often built as cenotaphs for wealthy or important individuals, especially in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79143
title: Moti Mahal, Chomun, India, ca.1901

description: “The Moti Mahal, Pearl Palace. (Front).” External view of the front of the Pearl Palace. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79371
title: Pickpocket, Manchuria, 1888

description: "To liar yu-tai. (stealing the tobacco pouch)”. Ink and watercolour illustration showing a thief in rags lifting a bag from a well dressed gentleman. ❧ This is one of several watercolours showing cultural aspects from Manchuria. The United Presbyterian Church established a field there in 1872 when Dr John Ross developed stations from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79926
title: Harbour, Suez Canal, Egypt, ca.1900

description: "Dook du Suez Peridis". Landscape view showing a large harbour with a mosque to the right of the image and three large ships in the middle of it. Probably Port Tawfik at the southern end of the canal.
This image is from a collection of photographs which possibly belonged to Dr Karl Uffman. He studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh and joined the Kikuyu mission, from 1901 to 1905, and was the son of Dr Henry Uffman who ran the Leprosy Asylum in Purulia, West Bengal.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79337
title: Mahatma Gandhi, Nagpur, India, ca.1937

description: "Rev. J.Z. Hodge. National Christian Council and Mahatma Gandhi inspect The British and Foreign Bible Society Caravan." Portrait of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, the leader of the Indian nationalist movement with Reverend J. Z Hodge of the National Christian Council. The British and Foreign Bible Society was set up to distribute the Bible in translation and at an affordable price.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79134
title: Market Square, Chomun, India, ca.1900

description: “The Market square with well, Chomu [Chomun].” External view of people at well with building in background. ❧ United Free Church of Scotland photographs from the Rajputana mission.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79379
title: Scenes in Manchuria, China, 1889

description: “1. Lady and attendant in boat also boatman. 2. two men drinking tea and attendant. 3. small woman selling [astich?] at shop door and two men in shop.” Ink and watercolour illustration showing three scenes, one blending into the next, each one representing traditional cultural events. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church established a field in Manchuria, 1872, when Dr John Ross developed stations running from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79309
title: Preparing evening meal, Nagpur, India, ca.1937

description: "Preparing the evening meal." Portrait of an indigenous woman preparing an evening meal for the girls at St. Ursula High School. Mrs Margaret Cooper was responsible for much of the Girls orphanages and schools established in Nagpur and St. Ursula’s was set up by her at Sitabaldi. Education at the girls' school was largely improved by Miss Small, who worked at Nagpur from 1882 to 1934. The school was officially recognised by the Government in 1913 and had its building improved in 1923.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79384
title: Traditional musicians, Manchuria, 1889

description: “Musicians”. Pencil and watercolour illustration of two traditional Chinese musicians. ❧ This is one of several watercolours showing cultural aspects from Manchuria. The United Presbyterian Church established a field there in 1872 when Dr John Ross developed stations from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79394
title: Mission House, Liaoyang, China, 1889

description: “Medical Mission House, Liaoyang.” Exterior view of a small bungalow sitting within a well tended garden. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894. He did much itinerant work and built upon the work of Old Wang who had been the indigenous evangelist in Liaoyang until his death in 1885. When the first Sino Japanese War (1894-1895) broke out troops were being gathered to send to Korea and suspicion of foreigners was heightened. In Liaoyang, on the 10 August 1894, a group of Chinese soldiers wrecked the U.P. chapel and attacked Mr Whylie, who died of his wounds several days later. Missionaries and foreigners then sought refuge in the port of Newchwang where many remained until the war ended the following year.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79373
title: Sugar toy stall, Manchuria, 1888

description: “Yáng tso ti wan iér (Maker of sugar toys) ‘Candyman’”. Ink and watercolour illustration showing two children buying animal shaped sweets from a street merchant who is creating them out of caramelised sugar. This is one of several watercolours showing cultural aspects from Manchuria. The United Presbyterian Church established a field there in 1872 when Dr John Ross developed stations from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79372
title: Farm yard scene, Manchuria, 1888

description: "Farm yard scene, Stranger comes! dog barks. Farmer explains it is because he is a stranger and the dog does not recognise him? at right hand side of picture - a cow and cowboy." Ink and watercolour illustration showing a farmer and boy, with their dog, talking to a stranger, a man sits milking a cow and swallows flitting between trees. This is one of several watercolours showing cultural aspects from Manchuria. The United Presbyterian Church established a field there in 1872 when Dr John Ross developed stations from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79389
title: Argument in a gambling house, Manchuria, 1889

description: “Gamblers quarrelling.” Pencil and watercolour illustration of two men threatening each other, one with a knife. Each individual has another man holding them back. ❧ This is one of several watercolours showing cultural aspects from Manchuria. The United Presbyterian Church established a field there in 1872 when Dr John Ross developed stations from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79332
title: Saoner, Nagpur, India, ca.1937

description: "Across the fields from one village to another." External view showing the kind of transport used to traverse fields in the area. Livestock can be seen pulling a wooden cart which would carry people from village to village. Stephen Hislop (1817-1863) was charged, by the Free Church of Scotland, with setting up a mission in Nagpur in 1845 which had been endowed by an army officer, Brigadier W. Hill.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79275
title: Door of Shringara Chauri Temple, Chittaurgarh, India, ca.1890

description: “Door of Sanga Chaori [Shringara Chauri] temple, Chittore [Chittorgarh] fort.” View of doorway to interior of richly carved Jain temple. The temple is dedicated to Shantinath, the 16th Tirthankar, and was constructed in the 13th century. The temple is decorated with many intricate carvings of both people and animals. ❧ Views of Rajputana by Lala Deen Diyal.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79299
title: European Ward Babies, Nagpur, India, ca.1927

description: "European Ward Babies. Una Margaret Carswell" Portrait of family, holding newborn. One of several images of European children born at the Mure Memorial Hospital in Nagpur. The hospital, which was founded by Dr Agnes Elizabeth Henderson in 1896, contained several wards including a children's ward and a TB ward. Dr Henderson was also responsible for raising significant sums of money to extend the hospital. The Nagpur mission was set up in 1845 by Stephen Hislop (1817-1863) for the Free Church of Scotland.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79293
title: Hospital Servants, Nagpur, India, ca.1927

description: "Hospital Servants. [list of occupations of those pictured] 1 Motor Driver, 1 Chaprassie (messenger), 2 Chowkidars (watch-men), 1 Tonga Driver, 2 Malis (gardeners), 3 Cooks, 3 Sewing Women, 4 Dhobies (washerwomen), 6 Sweepers, 5 Ward Cleaners." Group portrait of servants at Mure Memorial Hospital at Nagpur. The hospital, which was founded by Dr Agnes Elizabeth Henderson in 1896, contained several wards including a children’s and isolation ward. Dr Henderson was also responsible for raising significant sums of money to extend the hospital and as a result managed to build many new wards. Daughter of Sir William Henderson, she arrived in Nagpur in 1890 and retired from work in 1922 but continued to raising significant sums of money to extend the hospital. Doctor Henderson died in December 1925, and as a tribute to her memory the Church at Nagpur was named after her.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79420
title: Fathers playing with their sons, Manchuria, ca.1889

description: “3 old mandarins came back to their homes having finished their labours and take supreme delight in each fondling his son.” Ink and watercolour illustration of three old men, in a rural setting, playing with their children, a deer stands behind them. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church established a field in Manchuria, 1872, when Dr John Ross developed stations running from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79738
title: Native Markets, Karatina, Kenya, September 1926

description: "Native Market at Karatina". External view of a gathering of people at market, exchanging and selling goods.Various goods were exchanged at market places such as these, including beans, maize, potatoes as well as other commodities such as knives, blankets, ornaments and cloth. ❧ The Tumutumu mission (in the Kenia sphere) administered to the Chuka and Mwimbi tribes, two sections of the Kikuyu people. The Chuka numbered about 15,000 and the Mwimbi numbered about 25,000. In 1908 Kabandango was the biggest chief in the Chuka district and Kianbati the biggest chief of the Mwimbi district.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79398
title: Presbyterian Ministers and Indigenous Pastors, Liaoning, China, ca.1890

description: Group portrait of United Presbyterian and Irish Presbyterian missionaries active in the Manchuria field. [L to R back] Dr. Gray, Rev. J Inglis, Rev. Geo. Douglas, Rev. W Hunter, Rev. J Ross, Dr. Westwater, Mr [Teuy?], MR Liu. ❧ [L to R middle] Mr Lu, Mr Chas, Mr Wang no.2 (Liaoyang Elder), Mr Liu, Mr Chan[g?], Mr Chu, Mr Kao, Rev. W Gillespie. ❧ [L to R front] Dr. Christie, Rev. J Webster, Mr Cheng, Rev. J Carson, Rev. T Fulton, Mr Liu, Rev. J A Wylie. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church of Scotland attempted to establish a mission in China in 1862 but it was not until the arrival of Dr John Ross in 1872 that real in roads were made into the Manchuria field. Stations were established at Shenyang [Moukden], Liaoyang, Haicheng and Newchwang, stretching from the coast to the far interior. Many stations and outstations were run by indigenous pastors who were often sent into hostile areas with little support. John Ross and John MacIntyre would take turns in travelling around the field doing evangelical and medical work. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894. He did much itinerant work and built upon the work of Old Wang who had been the indigenous evangelist in Liaoyang from 1882 until his death in 1885. When the first Sino Japanese War (1894-1895) broke out troops were being gathered to send to Korea and suspicion of foreigners was heightened. In Liaoyang, on the 10 August 1894, a group of Chinese soldiers wrecked the U.P. chapel and attacked Mr Whylie, who died of his wounds several days later. Missionaries and foreigners then sought refuge in the port of Newchwang where many remained until the war ended the following year.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79758
title: Nurses with Dr Philp, Tumutumu, Kenya, September 1926

description: "Tumutumu Dressers and Nurses. Miss Milligan and Dr Philp." Group portrait of nurses and dressers outside of hospital.The Tumutumu mission (in the Kenia sphere) was administered to the Chuka and Mwimbi tribes, two sections of the Kikuyu people. The Chuka numbered about 15,000 and the Mwimbi numbered about 25,000. In 1908 Kabandango was the biggest chief in the Chuka district and Kianbati the biggest chief of the Mwimbi district. Tumutumu was established in 1908 by Rev. Henry Scott and Dr. John Arthur and is situated in the Central Highlands of Kenya, 130km north of Nairobi. The mission was set up as a clinic to deal with primarily Yaws (ulceration) and Tuberculosis was also common. In 1933 average hospital attendances was 15,000 with 1,000 annual injections to treat yaws. The effects of famine and starvation were also readily dealt with. Hospitals started by the missionaries at both sites have thrived and continue to play a vital role in modern Kenyan society.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79365
title: Milking the deer - a fable, Manchuria, ca.1888

description: “Filial Piety. A boy clad himself in a deer skin that he might be able to go forward and milk the deer (the deer mistaking him for a young deer) and then take the milk home to his mother. Two men, out hunting, nearly kill him mistaking him for a fawn. After he explained to them, they loudly extolled his filial piety”. Ink and watercolour illustration showing the son, in deer skin, kneeling before the two hunters. This is one of several watercolours showing cultural aspects from Manchuria. The United Presbyterian Church established a field there in 1872 when Dr John Ross developed stations from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79424
title: Presbyterian Ministers and Indigenous Pastors, Liaoning, China, ca.1890

description: “[L to R back] Dr. Gray, Rev. J Inglis, Rev. Geo. Douglas, Rev. W Hunter, Rev. J Ross, Dr. Westwater, Mr [Teuy?], MR Liu. ❧ [L to R middle] Mr Lu, Mr Chas, Mr Wang no.2 (Liaoyang Elder), Mr Liu, Mr Chan[g?], Mr Chu, Mr Kao, Rev. W Gillespie. ❧ [L to R front] Dr. Christie, Rev. J Webster, Mr Cheng, Rev. J Carson, Rev. T Fulton, Mr Liu, Rev. J A Wylie.” ❧ Group portrait of United Presbyterian and Irish Presbyterian missionaries active in the Manchuria field. ❧ The United Presbyterian Church of Scotland attempted to establish a mission in China in 1862 but it was not until the arrival of Dr John Ross in 1872 that real in roads were made into the Manchuria field. Stations were established at Shenyang [Moukden], Liaoyang, Haicheng and Newchwang, stretching from the coast to the far interior. Many stations and outstations were run by indigenous pastors who were often sent into hostile areas with little support. John Ross and John MacIntyre would take turns in travelling around the field doing evangelical and medical work. The United Presbyterian Mission unified with the Irish Presbyterian Mission in 1890 to form an indigenous Presbytery, named Kuan Tung, with Chinese as the official language. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894. He did much itinerant work and built upon the work of Old Wang who had been the indigenous evangelist in Liaoyang from 1882 until his death in 1885. When the first Sino Japanese War (1894-1895) broke out troops were being gathered to send to Korea and suspicion of foreigners was heightened. In Liaoyang, on the 10 August 1894, a group of Chinese soldiers wrecked the U.P. chapel and attacked Mr Whylie, who died of his wounds several days later. Missionaries and foreigners then sought refuge in the port of Newchwang where many remained until the war ended the following year.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79362
title: Postcard of two pagodas, Tiruchchirappalli, India, ca.1937

description: "Trichinopoly. The two Pagodas." Postcard showing a watercolour representation of two Pagodas in the city of Tiruchchirappalli
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79267
title: City Lake, Udaipur, India, ca.1890

description: “City lake at Odeypur [Udaipur].” View from palace of lake with hills in background. The city of Udaipur and hills are visible in the background. Udaipur was founded by Maharana Udai Singh II as the fourth capital of the Mewar kingdom. It lies in a valley beside three artificial lakes. Lake Pichola, the largest, is pictured here. The massive palace complex was started around 1559, with construction lasting over 200 years. This view is looking south. ❧ Views of Rajputana by Lala Deen Diyal.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79386
title: Motherly devotion, Manchuria, 1889

description: “Filial Piety. A Mandarin, after a long absence on official duty, did not forget his old mother although she had married again”. Ink and watercolour illustration, with Chinese text, showing a male figure bowing down before a seated female. This is one of several watercolours showing cultural aspects from Manchuria. The United Presbyterian Church established a field there in 1872 when Dr John Ross developed stations from the port of Newchwang to the state capital of Moukden [Shenyang]. He also made inroads into Korea and translated the New Testament into Korean. ❧ The image is from an album associated with Rev. James A Whylie (1863-1894) who was ordained to the Manchuria mission in 1887 and based in Liaoyang, 1888-1894.