cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491310.v1
title: Influence of lactation number and parity on milk yield of Saanen goat’s breed

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to determine the influence of lactation number and parity on milk yield of Saanen goat’s breed. It has been concluded that milk yield was higher for goats that had given birth to twins and three kids than for goats that had given birth to a single kid (P&lt;0.05). The longevity has a great positive impact on production, given that goats in the fifth lactation produced more milk than goats in first or second lactation (P&lt;0.05), while goats in the sixth lactation still produced more milk than goats in first lactation (P&lt;0.05). During the period from 2014- 2019, the research was conducted on a farm of multiparous Saanen goats in Vojvodina (northern part of Serbia). In the observed period, the farm had between 350 and 400 goats per milking, and the research included a total of 1,628 concluded lactations, within which the first lactations were the most 484, then the second 381. According to the number of lactations, goats were grouped into classes from one to seven and from one to three for parity. By comparing each individual lactation, it was determined that in first lactation goats produced significantly lower milk than goats in the rest lactations(P&lt;0.05), except the seventh. Research has shown that lactation number has a significant influence on milk yield (P=0.00). Increasing the fertility of goats significantly affects the production capacity of dairy goats, since does with a larger number of kids in the litter had a significantly higher milk production (P&lt;0.05). Due to the larger number of kids in the litter, milk production also increases. Likewise, it is assumed that the increase in milk yield of goats with two and three kids is a consequence of a larger placenta, i.e. stronger lactogenic activity during pregnancy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491337
title: Development of wheat plants coinoculated with rhizobium strains

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of diaztrophic bacteria coinoculation in wheat cultivars grown in Cerrado Oxisol. A randomized block design was used, with a 13 x 3 factorial scheme and four replicates. The treatments consisted of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense (strains AbV5 and AbV6 strains combined) and coinoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum (strains SEMIA 5079 and SEMIA 5080 combined, and strain BR3267), as well as Rhizobium tropici (strains MT08 and MT15) and R. leguminosarum (strain MT16) combined or in isolation, tested in wheat cultivars BRS 394, BRS 264 and BRS 254. The variables analyzed were grain nitrogen concentration and accumulation and crude protein content, 100-grain weight and total grain mass. The treatment containing the commercial cowpea inoculant showed a higher total grain mass (5.8766 g). Interaction was observed for grain nitrogen concentration, particularly for A. brasilense + MT 15 (R. tropici) and MT 15 in wheat cultivar BRS 264. Coinoculation with diazotrophic bacteria isolated from leguminous plants shows potential for use in wheat cultivars.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491337.v1
title: Development of wheat plants coinoculated with rhizobium strains

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of diaztrophic bacteria coinoculation in wheat cultivars grown in Cerrado Oxisol. A randomized block design was used, with a 13 x 3 factorial scheme and four replicates. The treatments consisted of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense (strains AbV5 and AbV6 strains combined) and coinoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum (strains SEMIA 5079 and SEMIA 5080 combined, and strain BR3267), as well as Rhizobium tropici (strains MT08 and MT15) and R. leguminosarum (strain MT16) combined or in isolation, tested in wheat cultivars BRS 394, BRS 264 and BRS 254. The variables analyzed were grain nitrogen concentration and accumulation and crude protein content, 100-grain weight and total grain mass. The treatment containing the commercial cowpea inoculant showed a higher total grain mass (5.8766 g). Interaction was observed for grain nitrogen concentration, particularly for A. brasilense + MT 15 (R. tropici) and MT 15 in wheat cultivar BRS 264. Coinoculation with diazotrophic bacteria isolated from leguminous plants shows potential for use in wheat cultivars.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491356
title: Management of defoliation in Trifolium vesiculosum S. for the production of seeds

description: ABSTRACT The present study aims to determine the appropriate defoliation management for the production of seeds and forage in arrowleaf clover via trail analysis. The results obtained demonstrated that defoliation practices have a great influence on the composition of seed yield and germination power. In addition, when the goal is the maximum balance between dry matter production and seed yield, this can be achieved in up to two defoliation practices. These results are confirmed by analyzing the positive association between the weight of a thousand seeds and the seed yield. When the third defoliation practice is performed, it negatively correlates with the weight of a thousand seeds, suggesting that, with the increase in defoliation frequency, there is a lower weight of a thousand seeds, and, therefore, lower seed yield. Therefore, management planning in Trifolium vesiculosum Savi that aims at natural reseeding, maximum yield and seed germination must prioritize one to two defoliation practices, aiming to promote favorable conditions for the perennialization of the species. In this context, the trail analysis proved to be a useful tool as a criterion for obtaining the ideal management aiming at the production of seeds and forage in vesicular clover.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491356.v1
title: Management of defoliation in Trifolium vesiculosum S. for the production of seeds

description: ABSTRACT The present study aims to determine the appropriate defoliation management for the production of seeds and forage in arrowleaf clover via trail analysis. The results obtained demonstrated that defoliation practices have a great influence on the composition of seed yield and germination power. In addition, when the goal is the maximum balance between dry matter production and seed yield, this can be achieved in up to two defoliation practices. These results are confirmed by analyzing the positive association between the weight of a thousand seeds and the seed yield. When the third defoliation practice is performed, it negatively correlates with the weight of a thousand seeds, suggesting that, with the increase in defoliation frequency, there is a lower weight of a thousand seeds, and, therefore, lower seed yield. Therefore, management planning in Trifolium vesiculosum Savi that aims at natural reseeding, maximum yield and seed germination must prioritize one to two defoliation practices, aiming to promote favorable conditions for the perennialization of the species. In this context, the trail analysis proved to be a useful tool as a criterion for obtaining the ideal management aiming at the production of seeds and forage in vesicular clover.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491466
title: Nutritional and quality changes in piglet concentrate affected by the mix

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the reasons of quality deviation of a concentrate from a predefined standard. Five treatments were established: T1 - Control, standard concentrate formulation (SCF); T2 - PXMore5, SCF with more 5% vitamin-mineral premix (VMP); T3 - PXLess5, SCF with less 5% VMP. All three treatments used a 400kg batches in an INTECNIAL mixer; T4 - FeedMixer, SCF using a 4,000kg batch in an IMOTO mixer; T5 - PremixMixer, SCF using a 1,200kg batch in an MUYANG mixer. For each treatment, bags of 20 kg were stored in three storage places for four months. Water activity of concentrate was affected by temperature and air relative humidity in different storage places. Regarding the kind of mixer, the greatest variation in concentration of crude protein, mineral residue, copper, zinc, and selenium was observed in the PremixMixer. Adjustments are imperative in the handling and use procedures of this kind of mixer to meet the quality requirements required in the concentrate production. Analyzing the effect of the mineral-vitamin premix level, no difference could be defined with the evaluated parameters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491466.v1
title: Nutritional and quality changes in piglet concentrate affected by the mix

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the reasons of quality deviation of a concentrate from a predefined standard. Five treatments were established: T1 - Control, standard concentrate formulation (SCF); T2 - PXMore5, SCF with more 5% vitamin-mineral premix (VMP); T3 - PXLess5, SCF with less 5% VMP. All three treatments used a 400kg batches in an INTECNIAL mixer; T4 - FeedMixer, SCF using a 4,000kg batch in an IMOTO mixer; T5 - PremixMixer, SCF using a 1,200kg batch in an MUYANG mixer. For each treatment, bags of 20 kg were stored in three storage places for four months. Water activity of concentrate was affected by temperature and air relative humidity in different storage places. Regarding the kind of mixer, the greatest variation in concentration of crude protein, mineral residue, copper, zinc, and selenium was observed in the PremixMixer. Adjustments are imperative in the handling and use procedures of this kind of mixer to meet the quality requirements required in the concentrate production. Analyzing the effect of the mineral-vitamin premix level, no difference could be defined with the evaluated parameters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491467
title: Plasma metabolite changes in anestrous dairy cows with negative energy balance identified using 1H NMR technology

description: ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the different plasma metabolites between anestrus and estrus postpartum dairy cows and to provide a theoretical basis for prevention of anestrus in dairy farm cows. In the experiment, one hundred and sixty-seven Holstein dairy cows were selected with similar age and parity. According to the concentration of β-hydroxybutyric acid, non-esterified fatty acids and glucose in plasma during 14 to 21 days in milk, all dairy cows were determined as having a status of energy balance. According to the results of clinical symptom, rectal and B ultrasound examination at 60 to 90 days postpartum, these cows were divided into twenty estrus and twenty-four anestrus group, other dairy cows were removed. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance technology was utilized to detect the plasma metabolites changes and screen different plasma metabolites between anestrus and estrus cows. Ten different metabolites including alanine, glutamic acid, asparagine, creatine, choline, phosphocholine, glycerophosphocholine, low-density lipoprotein, and very-low-density lipoprotein were significantly decreased in anestrous cows compared with estrous cows. Metabolic pathway analyses indicated that differential metabolites were primarily involved in amino acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. These metabolites and their enrichment pathways indicate that reduced steroid hormone synthesis precursors result in lower levels of estradiol and progesterone and cause anestrus in negative energy balance. These data provide a better understanding of the changes that may affect estrus of postpartum dairy cows at NEB status and lay the ground for further research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491467.v1
title: Plasma metabolite changes in anestrous dairy cows with negative energy balance identified using 1H NMR technology

description: ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to investigate the different plasma metabolites between anestrus and estrus postpartum dairy cows and to provide a theoretical basis for prevention of anestrus in dairy farm cows. In the experiment, one hundred and sixty-seven Holstein dairy cows were selected with similar age and parity. According to the concentration of β-hydroxybutyric acid, non-esterified fatty acids and glucose in plasma during 14 to 21 days in milk, all dairy cows were determined as having a status of energy balance. According to the results of clinical symptom, rectal and B ultrasound examination at 60 to 90 days postpartum, these cows were divided into twenty estrus and twenty-four anestrus group, other dairy cows were removed. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance technology was utilized to detect the plasma metabolites changes and screen different plasma metabolites between anestrus and estrus cows. Ten different metabolites including alanine, glutamic acid, asparagine, creatine, choline, phosphocholine, glycerophosphocholine, low-density lipoprotein, and very-low-density lipoprotein were significantly decreased in anestrous cows compared with estrous cows. Metabolic pathway analyses indicated that differential metabolites were primarily involved in amino acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. These metabolites and their enrichment pathways indicate that reduced steroid hormone synthesis precursors result in lower levels of estradiol and progesterone and cause anestrus in negative energy balance. These data provide a better understanding of the changes that may affect estrus of postpartum dairy cows at NEB status and lay the ground for further research.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491503
title: Biochemical and hormonal parameters of goats kept in a controlled environment consuming water with different levels of salinity

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the biochemical and hormonal variables of Moxotó and Canindé goats submitted to two temperatures - 26.0±0.6 (thermoneutral) and 32.0±1.2°C (above thermal comfort zone) - and consuming water with three levels of salinity (1.0, 6.0 and 12.0 dSm-1). Thirty-six animals (18 of each breed) were used, with an average age of 5.0±0.6months and an average weight of 20.0±2.3kg, housed in metabolic cages inside a climate chamber. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial scheme (2 breeds, 2 temperatures and 3 levels of salinity) and three replications. The glucose and urea had a significant effect (P&gt;0.05) according to water salinity. Glucose, cholesterol, protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase and hormones (T4, T3 and cortisol) varied according to temperature (P&lt;0.05). There was a significant effect of time on hormonal variables (P&lt;0.05). Biochemical and hormonal variables changed according to temperature and day shift, so that metabolism was reduced in the animals under thermal stress and accelerated when animals were in the thermal comfort zone.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491503.v1
title: Biochemical and hormonal parameters of goats kept in a controlled environment consuming water with different levels of salinity

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the biochemical and hormonal variables of Moxotó and Canindé goats submitted to two temperatures - 26.0±0.6 (thermoneutral) and 32.0±1.2°C (above thermal comfort zone) - and consuming water with three levels of salinity (1.0, 6.0 and 12.0 dSm-1). Thirty-six animals (18 of each breed) were used, with an average age of 5.0±0.6months and an average weight of 20.0±2.3kg, housed in metabolic cages inside a climate chamber. The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 × 3 factorial scheme (2 breeds, 2 temperatures and 3 levels of salinity) and three replications. The glucose and urea had a significant effect (P&gt;0.05) according to water salinity. Glucose, cholesterol, protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase and hormones (T4, T3 and cortisol) varied according to temperature (P&lt;0.05). There was a significant effect of time on hormonal variables (P&lt;0.05). Biochemical and hormonal variables changed according to temperature and day shift, so that metabolism was reduced in the animals under thermal stress and accelerated when animals were in the thermal comfort zone.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491532
title: Lesions caused by anisakid and capillariid in Cairina moschata raised on Marajó island, state of Pará, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The Muscovy duck is a commercially important bird on the island of Marajó usually raised in a peculiar system that includes supplying fish viscera to the birds under semi-extensive farming conditions. This enables a risk of contamination and losses in the production of these birds, resulting from injuries caused by helminth infections, especially nematodes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes caused by nematodes of the genera: Eucoleus, Anisakis and Contracaecum. Thirty-three ducks with lesions in the esophagus and ventricle were analyzed. Histopathological exams showed a mild inflammatory infiltrate in the submucosa of the esophagus caused by the fixation of E. contortus and third stage larvae of Anisakis sp., and we recorded third stage larvae of Contracaecum sp. parasitizing the ventricle, this being the first record of this parasite in ducks in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491532.v1
title: Lesions caused by anisakid and capillariid in Cairina moschata raised on Marajó island, state of Pará, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The Muscovy duck is a commercially important bird on the island of Marajó usually raised in a peculiar system that includes supplying fish viscera to the birds under semi-extensive farming conditions. This enables a risk of contamination and losses in the production of these birds, resulting from injuries caused by helminth infections, especially nematodes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the histopathological changes caused by nematodes of the genera: Eucoleus, Anisakis and Contracaecum. Thirty-three ducks with lesions in the esophagus and ventricle were analyzed. Histopathological exams showed a mild inflammatory infiltrate in the submucosa of the esophagus caused by the fixation of E. contortus and third stage larvae of Anisakis sp., and we recorded third stage larvae of Contracaecum sp. parasitizing the ventricle, this being the first record of this parasite in ducks in Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491716
title: AN EFFORT TO DEFINE REGIONAL INEQUALITIES IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

description: Abstract Differences in the theoretical and methodological frameworks for the definition and measurement of regional inequality in the contemporary world interfere in the way we understand the varying regional dynamics within each country and affect the development of public policy. In the present study, we discuss recent topics that contemplate regional inequality at the intra-national scale, based on a bibliographical analysis that contemplates the contributions of several authors. The central problem addressed in this paper is the differences and relationships between socioeconomic and regional inequalities. We aim to contribute to the recent research that focuses on the analysis of the dynamics of regional inequality in different sociospatial contexts, in particular, the identification of the determinants of regional inequality and development, and the institutions that most influence these processes, in order to problematize the role of public policy in regional dynamics. We conclude that regional inequality is caused and affected by a complex and interrelated set of elements, at different spatial scales and in different forms. While each country presents its own set of determinants, they are in part related to broader processes, which are present at a global scale. A spatial, multidimensional and multiscale approach will thus be necessary to overcome regional inequalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491716.v1
title: AN EFFORT TO DEFINE REGIONAL INEQUALITIES IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

description: Abstract Differences in the theoretical and methodological frameworks for the definition and measurement of regional inequality in the contemporary world interfere in the way we understand the varying regional dynamics within each country and affect the development of public policy. In the present study, we discuss recent topics that contemplate regional inequality at the intra-national scale, based on a bibliographical analysis that contemplates the contributions of several authors. The central problem addressed in this paper is the differences and relationships between socioeconomic and regional inequalities. We aim to contribute to the recent research that focuses on the analysis of the dynamics of regional inequality in different sociospatial contexts, in particular, the identification of the determinants of regional inequality and development, and the institutions that most influence these processes, in order to problematize the role of public policy in regional dynamics. We conclude that regional inequality is caused and affected by a complex and interrelated set of elements, at different spatial scales and in different forms. While each country presents its own set of determinants, they are in part related to broader processes, which are present at a global scale. A spatial, multidimensional and multiscale approach will thus be necessary to overcome regional inequalities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16491730
title: Morphometry of bovine blastocysts produced in vitro in culture media with antioxidants cysteamine or oily extract of Lippia origanoides

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the ultrastructural morphometry of bovine embryos produced in vitro grown at different concentrations of antioxidants. After in vitro maturation and fertilization, the presumptive zygotes were assigned into five treatments. T1) without the addition of any antioxidants (negative control); T2) addition of 50μM/mL cysteamine; and T3, T4 and T5) adding 2.5μg/mL, 5.0μg/mL or 10.0μg/mL of the antioxidants derived from the oily extract from Lippia origanoides, respectively. On D7 of culture, the embryos in the blastocyst stage were fixed and prepared for electron transmission microscopy. These were evaluated for the proportion of cytoplasm-to-nucleus, cytoplasm-to-mitochondria, cytoplasm-to-vacuoles, cytoplasm-to-autophagic vacuoles and cytoplasm-to-lipid droplets. Blastocysts cultured in media containing oily extract of Lippia origanoides presented morphological characteristics such as high cell:mitochondria ratio and low cell:vacuoles and cell:autophagic vacuole ratio, possibly been morphological indicators of embryonic quality. Inner cell mass (ICM) from blastocysts cultured in media without any antioxidants had the highest cell:vacuole ratio. Similar results were found in the trophectoderm (TE) cells of blastocysts from treatment 2. Embryo culture media supplemented with antioxidants derived from Lippia origanoides oil produced embryos with a higher cytoplasmic proportion of organelles, such as mitochondria. Also, treatments without any antioxidants or with the addition of cysteamine presented cytoplasmic vacuolization, a characteristic related to production of poor-quality embryos.