cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17632/dzx4x92535.1
title: Data for: Improving the Direct Strength Method Prediction of Column Flexural-Torsional Failure Loads

description: These supplementary data consist of tables providing relevant information about representative samples of the column considered in the work. This information comprises the column (i) geometries (cross-section dimensions and lengths, (ii) geometrical properties, (iii) yield stresses, (iv) numerical ultimate strengths and (v) quantities associated with the DSM-based ultimate strength prediction. The tables are divided into four groups (A to D), each concerning columns with given support conditions (F, PCM, PCm and PS and columns, respectively). Each group comprises seven tables (*.1 to *.7), each corresponding to columns exhibiting a given cross-section shape (U, C, H, R, RLC, WSC and WFSC columns, respectively).
DOI: 10.17632/z4935ct6dw.1
title: Data for: Do different extraction techniques impact planktic foraminiferal assemblages? An early Eocene case study

description: Table S1 contains data on planktic foraminiferal based dissolution proxies analysed in this study including the Findex (Table S1.a), the P/B ratio (Table S1.b) and the WPCF (Table S1.c). Table S2 contains data on absolute abundances of planktic foraminifera species (Table S2.a) and genera (Table S2.b) collected from the &gt;100 μm fraction.
DOI: 10.3886/e116229
title: Replication data for: Individual Preferences, Monetary Gambles, and Stock Market Participation: A Case for Narrow Framing

description: We argue that narrow framing, whereby an agent who is offered a new gamble evaluates that gamble in isolation, may be a more important feature of decisionmaking than previously realized. Our starting point is the evidence that people are often averse to a small, independent gamble, even when the gamble is actuarially favorable. We find that a surprisingly wide range of utility functions, including many nonexpected utility specifications, have trouble explaining this evidence, but that this difficulty can be overcome by allowing for narrow framing. Our analysis makes predictions as to what kinds of preferences can most easily address the stock market participation puzzle. (JEL D81, G11)
DOI: 10.3886/e116229v1
title: Replication data for: Individual Preferences, Monetary Gambles, and Stock Market Participation: A Case for Narrow Framing

description: We argue that narrow framing, whereby an agent who is offered a new gamble evaluates that gamble in isolation, may be a more important feature of decisionmaking than previously realized. Our starting point is the evidence that people are often averse to a small, independent gamble, even when the gamble is actuarially favorable. We find that a surprisingly wide range of utility functions, including many nonexpected utility specifications, have trouble explaining this evidence, but that this difficulty can be overcome by allowing for narrow framing. Our analysis makes predictions as to what kinds of preferences can most easily address the stock market participation puzzle. (JEL D81, G11)
DOI: 10.3886/e116356
title: Replication data for: Does Teacher Training Actually Work? Evidence from a Large-Scale Randomized Evaluation of a National Teacher Training Program

description: Despite massive investments in teacher professional development (PD) programs in developing countries, there is little evidence on their effectiveness. We present results of a large-scale, randomized evaluation of a national PD program in China in which teachers were randomized to receive PD; PD plus follow-up; PD plus evaluation of the command of PD content; or no PD. Precise estimates indicate PD and associated interventions failed to improve teacher and student outcomes after one year. A detailed analysis of the causal chain shows teachers find PD content to be overly theoretical, and PD delivery too rote and passive, to be useful.
DOI: 10.3886/e116357
title: Replication data for: Understanding the Average Impact of Microcredit Expansions: A Bayesian Hierarchical Analysis of Seven Randomized Experiments

description: Despite evidence from multiple randomized evaluations of microcredit, questions about external validity have impeded consensus on the results. I jointly estimate the average effect and the heterogeneity in effects across seven studies using Bayesian hierarchical models. I find the impact on household business and consumption variables is unlikely to be transformative and may be negligible. I find reasonable external validity: true heterogeneity in effects is moderate, and approximately 60 percent of observed heterogeneity is sampling variation. Households with previous business experience have larger but more heterogeneous effects. Economic features of microcredit interventions predict variation in effects better than studies' evaluation protocols.
DOI: 10.3886/e116357v1
title: Replication data for: Understanding the Average Impact of Microcredit Expansions: A Bayesian Hierarchical Analysis of Seven Randomized Experiments

description: Despite evidence from multiple randomized evaluations of microcredit, questions about external validity have impeded consensus on the results. I jointly estimate the average effect and the heterogeneity in effects across seven studies using Bayesian hierarchical models. I find the impact on household business and consumption variables is unlikely to be transformative and may be negligible. I find reasonable external validity: true heterogeneity in effects is moderate, and approximately 60 percent of observed heterogeneity is sampling variation. Households with previous business experience have larger but more heterogeneous effects. Economic features of microcredit interventions predict variation in effects better than studies' evaluation protocols.
DOI: 10.3886/e116358v1
title: Replication data for: Supporting Community College Students from Start to Degree Completion: Long-Term Evidence from a Randomized Trial of CUNY's ASAP

description: Nationwide, graduation rates at community colleges are discouragingly low. This randomized experiment provides evidence that graduation rates can be increased dramatically. The City University of New York's (CUNY) Accelerated Study in Associate Programs (ASAP) is a comprehensive, integrated, 3-year program that has an estimated 18 percentage point effect on 3-year graduation rates, increases 6-year graduation rates by an estimated 10 percentage points, and helps students graduate more quickly. Graduation effect estimates of this magnitude are exceptional in randomized experiments conducted in higher education, offering hope of what is possible when serving low-income students.
DOI: 10.17632/jr9c7ryhsw.1
title: Data for: Unifying the Diffusion Coefficients of Lanthanides and Actinides in Binary Molten Salt Mixtures: A data review

description: Data of diffusion ceofficients in molten salt mixtures.
DOI: 10.3886/e116358
title: Replication data for: Supporting Community College Students from Start to Degree Completion: Long-Term Evidence from a Randomized Trial of CUNY's ASAP

description: Nationwide, graduation rates at community colleges are discouragingly low. This randomized experiment provides evidence that graduation rates can be increased dramatically. The City University of New York's (CUNY) Accelerated Study in Associate Programs (ASAP) is a comprehensive, integrated, 3-year program that has an estimated 18 percentage point effect on 3-year graduation rates, increases 6-year graduation rates by an estimated 10 percentage points, and helps students graduate more quickly. Graduation effect estimates of this magnitude are exceptional in randomized experiments conducted in higher education, offering hope of what is possible when serving low-income students.
DOI: 10.3886/e116359
title: Replication data for: High Trade Costs and Their Consequences: An Estimated Dynamic Model of African Agricultural Storage and Trade

description: Using a new intranational dataset of monthly grain prices and production and a new approach to identify cost parameters, I estimate and solve a dynamic model of agricultural storage and trade covering all 42 countries of continental sub-Saharan Africa. I find median trade costs over five times higher than elsewhere in the world. The potential welfare gains from reducing these costs are substantial, are driven by lower food prices, and can be achieved efficiently by investing in well-targeted trade corridors. A static annual model underestimates trade costs and welfare effects by failing to identify when trade occurs.
DOI: 10.3886/e116359v1
title: Replication data for: High Trade Costs and Their Consequences: An Estimated Dynamic Model of African Agricultural Storage and Trade

description: Using a new intranational dataset of monthly grain prices and production and a new approach to identify cost parameters, I estimate and solve a dynamic model of agricultural storage and trade covering all 42 countries of continental sub-Saharan Africa. I find median trade costs over five times higher than elsewhere in the world. The potential welfare gains from reducing these costs are substantial, are driven by lower food prices, and can be achieved efficiently by investing in well-targeted trade corridors. A static annual model underestimates trade costs and welfare effects by failing to identify when trade occurs.
DOI: 10.3886/e116230
title: Replication data for: Shocks and Government Beliefs: The Rise and Fall of American Inflation

description: We use a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to estimate the parameters of a true data-generating mechanism and those of a sequence of approximating models that a monetary authority uses to guide its decisions. Gaps between a true expectational Phillips curve and the monetary authoritys approximating nonexpectational Phillips curve models unleash inflation that a monetary authority that knows the true model would avoid. A sequence of dynamic programming problems implies that the monetary authoritys inflation target evolves as its estimated Phillips curve moves. Our estimates attribute the rise and fall of post- WWII inflation in the United States to an intricate interaction between the monetary authoritys beliefs and economic shocks. Shocks in the 1970s made the monetary authority perceive a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment which ignited big inflation. The monetary authoritys beliefs about the Phillips curve changed in ways that account for former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volckers conquest of U.S. inflation. (JEL E24, E31, E52, N12)
DOI: 10.3886/e116230v1
title: Replication data for: Shocks and Government Beliefs: The Rise and Fall of American Inflation

description: We use a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm to estimate the parameters of a true data-generating mechanism and those of a sequence of approximating models that a monetary authority uses to guide its decisions. Gaps between a true expectational Phillips curve and the monetary authoritys approximating nonexpectational Phillips curve models unleash inflation that a monetary authority that knows the true model would avoid. A sequence of dynamic programming problems implies that the monetary authoritys inflation target evolves as its estimated Phillips curve moves. Our estimates attribute the rise and fall of post- WWII inflation in the United States to an intricate interaction between the monetary authoritys beliefs and economic shocks. Shocks in the 1970s made the monetary authority perceive a tradeoff between inflation and unemployment which ignited big inflation. The monetary authoritys beliefs about the Phillips curve changed in ways that account for former Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volckers conquest of U.S. inflation. (JEL E24, E31, E52, N12)
DOI: 10.3886/e116360
title: Replication data for: Allocating Scarce Organs: How a Change in Supply Affects Transplant Waiting Lists and Transplant Recipients

description: Vast organ shortages motivated recent efforts to increase the supply of transplantable organs, but we know little about the demand side of the market. We test the implications of a model of organ demand using the universe of US transplant data from 1987 to 2013. Exploiting variation in supply induced by state-level motorcycle helmet laws, we demonstrate that each organ that becomes available from a deceased donor in a particular region induces five transplant candidates to join that region's transplant wait list, while crowding out living-donor transplants. Even with the corresponding demand increase, positive supply shocks increase post-transplant survival rates.
DOI: 10.3886/e116360v1
title: Replication data for: Allocating Scarce Organs: How a Change in Supply Affects Transplant Waiting Lists and Transplant Recipients

description: Vast organ shortages motivated recent efforts to increase the supply of transplantable organs, but we know little about the demand side of the market. We test the implications of a model of organ demand using the universe of US transplant data from 1987 to 2013. Exploiting variation in supply induced by state-level motorcycle helmet laws, we demonstrate that each organ that becomes available from a deceased donor in a particular region induces five transplant candidates to join that region's transplant wait list, while crowding out living-donor transplants. Even with the corresponding demand increase, positive supply shocks increase post-transplant survival rates.
DOI: 10.3886/e116361
title: Replication data for: The Causes and Consequences of Test Score Manipulation: Evidence from the New York Regents Examinations

description: We show that the design and decentralized scoring of New York's high school exit exams—the Regents Examinations—led to systematic manipulation of test scores just below important proficiency cutoffs. Exploiting a series of reforms that eliminated score manipulation, we find heterogeneous effects of test score manipulation on academic outcomes. While inflating a score increases the probability of a student graduating from high school by about 17 percentage points, the probability of taking advanced coursework declines by roughly 10 percentage points. We argue that these results are consistent with test score manipulation helping less advanced students on the margin of dropping out but hurting more advanced students that are not pushed to gain a solid foundation in the introductory material.
DOI: 10.3886/e116361v1
title: Replication data for: The Causes and Consequences of Test Score Manipulation: Evidence from the New York Regents Examinations

description: We show that the design and decentralized scoring of New York's high school exit exams—the Regents Examinations—led to systematic manipulation of test scores just below important proficiency cutoffs. Exploiting a series of reforms that eliminated score manipulation, we find heterogeneous effects of test score manipulation on academic outcomes. While inflating a score increases the probability of a student graduating from high school by about 17 percentage points, the probability of taking advanced coursework declines by roughly 10 percentage points. We argue that these results are consistent with test score manipulation helping less advanced students on the margin of dropping out but hurting more advanced students that are not pushed to gain a solid foundation in the introductory material.
DOI: 10.3886/e116362
title: Replication data for: Family Disadvantage and the Gender Gap in Behavioral and Educational Outcomes

description: Boys born to disadvantaged families have higher rates of disciplinary problems, lower achievement scores, and fewer high school completions than girls from comparable backgrounds. Using birth certificates matched to schooling records for Florida children born 1992–2002, we find that family disadvantage disproportionately impedes the pre-market development of boys. The differential effect of family disadvantage on boys is robust to specifications within schools and neighborhoods as well as across siblings within families. Evidence supports that this is the effect of the postnatal environment; family disadvantage is unrelated to the gender gap in neonatal health. We conclude that the gender gap among black children is larger than among white children in substantial part because black children are raised in more disadvantaged families.
DOI: 10.3886/e116362v1
title: Replication data for: Family Disadvantage and the Gender Gap in Behavioral and Educational Outcomes

description: Boys born to disadvantaged families have higher rates of disciplinary problems, lower achievement scores, and fewer high school completions than girls from comparable backgrounds. Using birth certificates matched to schooling records for Florida children born 1992–2002, we find that family disadvantage disproportionately impedes the pre-market development of boys. The differential effect of family disadvantage on boys is robust to specifications within schools and neighborhoods as well as across siblings within families. Evidence supports that this is the effect of the postnatal environment; family disadvantage is unrelated to the gender gap in neonatal health. We conclude that the gender gap among black children is larger than among white children in substantial part because black children are raised in more disadvantaged families.
DOI: 10.21227/yseh-r279
title: Significance Comparison.

description: Figure A and B:A:▲：Comparison of total PTSD scores of the treatment group within before and after1, 2 and 3 months treatment(P0.01).▼：Comparison of total PTSD scores between treatment group and control group(P0.01).■：Look at the control group, there was no significant difference between before treatment and1 month after treatment(P0.05), butthere was significant difference in the 2 months after treatment(P0.05), and the difference was more significant in the 3 months after treatment(P0.01).B: ▲：Comparison of the total FIM scores of the treatment group before and after 1, 2 and 3 months treatment(P0.01).▼：Comparison of total FIM scores between treatment group and control group(P0.01).■：Comparison of total PTSD scores of the control group before and after treatmentin1, 2 and 3 months(P0.01).Data expressed as mean ± standard error (SEM)Figure CThe modified Barthel Indexaccording to FIM scale was correlated with the total score of PTSD, and the data was expressed as mean ± standard error (SEM) * P 0.05, * * P 0.01.
DOI: 10.3886/e116363
title: Replication data for: Do 40-Year-Old Facts Still Matter? Long-Run Effects of Federal Oversight under the Voting Rights Act

description: In 2013, the Supreme Court struck down parts of the Voting Rights Act that mandated federal oversight of election laws in discriminatory jurisdictions, prompting a spate of controversial new voting rules. Utilizing difference-in-differences to examine the act's 1975 revision, I provide the first estimates of the effects of "preclearance" oversight. I find that preclearance increased long-run voter turnout by 4-8 percentage points, due to lasting gains in minority participation. Surprisingly, Democratic support dropped sharply in areas subject to oversight. Using historical survey and newspaper data, I provide evidence that this was the result of political backlash among racially conservative whites.
DOI: 10.3886/e116363v1
title: Replication data for: Do 40-Year-Old Facts Still Matter? Long-Run Effects of Federal Oversight under the Voting Rights Act

description: In 2013, the Supreme Court struck down parts of the Voting Rights Act that mandated federal oversight of election laws in discriminatory jurisdictions, prompting a spate of controversial new voting rules. Utilizing difference-in-differences to examine the act's 1975 revision, I provide the first estimates of the effects of "preclearance" oversight. I find that preclearance increased long-run voter turnout by 4-8 percentage points, due to lasting gains in minority participation. Surprisingly, Democratic support dropped sharply in areas subject to oversight. Using historical survey and newspaper data, I provide evidence that this was the result of political backlash among racially conservative whites.
DOI: 10.3886/e116364
title: Replication data for: Pass-Through as a Test for Market Power: An Application to Solar Subsidies

description: We formalize pass-through over-shifting as a simple yet underutilized test for market power. We apply this test in the market for solar energy. Specifically, we estimate the pass-through of solar subsidies to solar system prices using rich micro-level transaction and subsidy data from California. Buyers of solar systems capture nearly the full subsidy, while there is more-than-complete pass-through to lessees. We conclude that solar markets are imperfectly competitive by ruling out alternative explanations for over-shifting and reinforce this conclusion with a test of solar demand curvature. This procedure can serve to detect market power beyond the solar market.
DOI: 10.3886/e116364v1
title: Replication data for: Pass-Through as a Test for Market Power: An Application to Solar Subsidies

description: We formalize pass-through over-shifting as a simple yet underutilized test for market power. We apply this test in the market for solar energy. Specifically, we estimate the pass-through of solar subsidies to solar system prices using rich micro-level transaction and subsidy data from California. Buyers of solar systems capture nearly the full subsidy, while there is more-than-complete pass-through to lessees. We conclude that solar markets are imperfectly competitive by ruling out alternative explanations for over-shifting and reinforce this conclusion with a test of solar demand curvature. This procedure can serve to detect market power beyond the solar market.
DOI: 10.3886/e116365
title: Replication data for: Trade and Income—Exploiting Time Series in Geography

description: Establishing a robust causal relationship between trade and income has been difficult. Frankel and Romer (1999) uses a geographic instrument to identify a positive effect of trade on income. Rodriguez and Rodrik (2001) shows that these results are not robust to controlling for omitted variables such as distance to the equator or institutions. This paper solves the omitted variable problem by generating a time-varying geographic instrument. Improvements in aircraft technology have caused the quantity of world trade carried by air to increase over time. Country pairs with relatively short air routes compared to sea routes benefit more from this change in technology. This heterogeneity can be used to generate a geography-based instrument for trade that varies over time. The time-series variation allows for controls for country fixed effects, eliminating the bias from time-invariant variables such as distance from the equator or historically determined institutions. Trade has a significant effect on income with an elasticity of roughly one-half. Differences in predicted trade growth can explain roughly 17 percent of the variation in cross-country income growth between 1960 and 1995.