cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126743.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Elevated Plasma Level of Pentraxin-3 Predicts In-Hospital and 30-Day Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Who Have Undergone Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This investigation explored the short-term prognostic value of pentraxin-3 (PTX3) levels in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) treated by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We measured plasma levels of PTX3 and other biomarkers in 525 PCI-treated NSTEMI patients (mean age, 57.7 years; 328 males). The associations of PTX3 levels with cardiac events and cardiac deaths occurring within 30 days of discharge were evaluated with multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Renal function, diabetes prevalence, systolic blood pressure, heart rate and ejection fraction differed significantly in the high PTX3 (≥3.0 ng/ml, n = 107) and low PTX3 (&lt;3.0 ng/ml, n = 418) groups (all p &lt; 0.05). Plasma PTX3 levels were correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, troponin T and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in NSTEMI patients (all p &lt; 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed in-hospital and 30-day cardiac events and deaths were higher in the high PTX3 group (both p &lt; 0.01). Elevated PTX3 was an independent predictor of 30-day cardiac events (95% CI 1.09-1.68; p = 0.006) and mortality (95% CI 1.18-2.15; p = 0.002). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> An elevated plasma level of PTX3 predicts 30-day cardiac events and mortality in PCI-treated NSTEMI patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126731
title: Supplementary Material for: Low Cognitive Status Is Associated with a Lower Ability to Maintain Standing Balance in Elderly Outpatients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Evidence is emerging that cognitive performance is involved in maintaining balance and thereby involved in falls in the elderly. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To investigate the association of cognitive status with measures of standing balance in elderly outpatients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In a cross-sectional study, 197 community-dwelling elderly [mean age (SD) 81.9 (7.1) years] referred to a geriatric outpatient clinic were included and subsequently dichotomized into a group with low and normal cognitive status based on cut-off values of the Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Visual Association Test. The ability to maintain standing balance as well as the center of pressure (CoP) movement were assessed during 10 s of side-by-side, semi-tandem and tandem stance with eyes open and eyes closed. Logistic and linear regression were used to examine the association between cognitive status and measures of standing balance adjusted for age, gender and highest completed education. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Low cognitive status in elderly outpatients was associated with a lower ability to maintain 10 s of balance in side-by-side stance with eyes closed [OR (95% CI): 3.57 (1.60; 7.97)] and in semi-tandem stance with eyes open and eyes closed [OR (95% CI): 3.93 (1.71; 9.00) and OR (95% CI): 2.32 (1.11; 4.82), respectively]. Cognitive status was not associated with CoP movement. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Low cognitive status associates with a lower ability to maintain standing balance in more demanding standing conditions in elderly outpatients. This may have implications for routine geriatric screening strategies and interpretation of results of either standing balance or cognitive tests.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126746.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Preventive Effect of Baicalein on Methamphetamine-Induced Amnesia in the Passive Avoidance Test in Mice

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Methamphetamine abuse may produce cognitive impairment. Baicalein, a bioactive flavonoid, has antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. This study examined the effects of baicalein pretreatment on memory performance in the passive avoidance test after either one dose or an acute binge of methamphetamine in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Methamphetamine was administered by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of either one dose (3 mg/kg) or an acute binge (3 mg/kg, 4 i.p. injections at 2-hour intervals). The effects of baicalein pretreatment (1 mg/kg, i.p.) on methamphetamine-induced changes of locomotor activity and memory performance were compared with those of eticlopride, a selective dopamine D<sub>2</sub> receptor antagonist. The effects of baicalein on acute binge methamphetamine-induced oxidative stress (malondialdehyde- and nitrotyrosine-modified protein production) in the mouse hippocampus were also examined. <b><i>Results:</i></b> One-dose methamphetamine treatment (i.p., 30 min before or immediately after the training trial) induced hyperlocomotion and amnesia in mice, which were blocked by eticlopride but not by baicalein pretreatment. The memory performance in mice was impaired 5 days after acute binge methamphetamine, which was significantly attenuated by baicalein but not by eticlopride pretreatment. Baicalein pretreatment also attenuated acute binge methamphetamine-induced oxidative stress in the mouse hippocampus. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Baicalein exhibits antioxidative and neuroprotective effects in attenuating acute binge methamphetamine-induced memory deficits and oxidative hippocampal damage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126728
title: Supplementary Material for: Usability of Mobile Technology to Screen for Drug-Drug Interactions in Kidney Transplant Patients

description: <b><i>Background and Objectives:</i></b> Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk for adverse safety events related to reduced renal function and polypharmacy. Health information technology tools have a precautionary role in improving safety in patients with kidney transplants who are at risk of drug-drug interactions. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Usability testing of a drug-drug interaction inquiry system on a convenience sample of kidney transplant patients and their family members was conducted between January and April 2013 by a single interviewer. Each participant was provided with 35 tasks to complete on a cell phone with a manual keypad. The tasks were classified according to how it was completed: easily completed, noncritical error, or critical error (where a participant was unable to complete the given task without intervention by the interviewer). The final task was timed using a stop watch. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of a total of 16 volunteers, 15 completed the testing. The median time to complete the final task was 4 min (range: 2-9). In a cumulative total of 525 tasks, 33 critical errors were noted. Twelve participants had one or more critical errors. The most frequent critical errors were related to typing and spelling mistakes. Twelve out 15 participants were able to complete the final task without any critical errors. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Understanding transplant patients' preference in technology use and adapting applications to a variety of technological portals will ensure the most effective use of targeted interventions in patient safety, particularly when applied to preventing drug-drug interactions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126734.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Development of Avian External Genitalia: Interspecific Differences and Sexual Differentiation of the Male and Female Phallus

description: Avian genitalia, particularly in waterfowl, are extremely diverse. Penis morphology varies among species, and penis length and elaboration are associated with the frequency of forced extra-pair copulations, yet the developmental mechanisms responsible for this variation are unknown. In addition, females have a small phallic structure that is homologous to the male phallus, but little is known about when or how sexual differentiation takes place. To determine whether species-specific genital morphologies and sexual differentiation occur during duck embryonic development, we characterized development from the onset of genital tubercle initiation through stages of sexual differentiation in 3 species. Pekin and Laysan ducks have long, thick penises, whereas those of Mandarin ducks are shorter and thinner. Development of the genital tubercle is similar throughout the pre-hatching period across the 3 species, suggesting that differences in penis morphology arise post-hatching. We observed that male and female phallus development is similar at early stages, but the female phallus later regresses. Then, we compared male and female genital development between ducks and chickens, which develop a non-intromittent penis. We found that external genital development in male and female chickens resembles that of female ducks, which raises the possibility that male phallus development became feminized during galliform evolution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126737.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Infarct Pattern and Clinical Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Cerebral arterial occlusion develops via two distinct mechanisms: thrombosis and embolism. Discrimination between thrombosis and embolism is an important aspect needed for further determining the etiology of stroke in a patient. This study evaluated infarct patterns and outcomes in acute stroke patients with relevant artery occlusions, focusing on features specific to each occlusion mechanism. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Acute ischemic stroke patients who were consecutively registered in a tertiary hospital between 2002 and 2010 with infarctions in the middle cerebral artery territory and a corresponding M1 occlusion confirmed by magnetic resonance angiography, computed tomography angiography, or conventional angiography were enrolled. Patients with a high-risk cardioembolic source, clear recanalization, concurrent infarct in an arterial territory other than the occlusion site, or no prior occlusion in a previous imaging within 1 month were assigned to the embolic occlusion group, and the remaining patients were assigned to the thrombotic occlusion group. The infarct pattern was categorized into seven groups: scattered, territorial, lenticulostriatal, scattered-territorial, scattered-lenticulostriatal, territorial-lenticulostriatal, and scattered-territorial-lenticulostriatal. Data of stroke recurrence and mortality were collected through electronic medical record and the National Vital Statistics System. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of 114 patients, 54 (47.4%) were classified as having an embolic occlusion. When infarct patterns were compared between the groups, any-scattered infarct pattern was more common in the thrombotic occlusion group (71.2% vs. 40.7%, p = 0.002), and any-territorial infarct pattern was more prevalent in the embolic occlusion group (55.6% vs. 28.8%, p = 0.005). In addition, scattered-without-territorial pattern was higher in the thrombotic occlusion group (OR: 0.25; CI: 0.11-0.57; p = 0.001). Any-territorial infarct pattern was also related to initial stroke severity (NIHSS on admission, OR: 400.98; CI: 2.94-54,741.32; p = 0.017) and poor functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score ≥4) at discharge (OR: 14.40; CI: 1.37-152.00; p = 0.027) independent of other parameters. However, no association was found between stroke recurrence, mortality and occlusion mechanism. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study shows that specific infarct patterns are related to cerebral arterial occlusion mechanisms and are correlated with functional outcome. Otherwise, the results of our study indicates that infarct patterns on DWI might be a clue for determining ischemic stroke etiology on patients with major cerebral artery occlusion.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126722
title: Supplementary Material for: Neural Predictors of Successful Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Persistent Depression

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Psychodynamic psychotherapy has been used to treat depression for more than a century. However, not all patients respond equally well, and there are few reliable predictors of treatment outcome. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used resting <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (<sup>18</sup>FDG-PET) scans immediately before and after a structured, open trial of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy (n = 16) in conjunction with therapy process ratings and clinical outcome measures to identify neural correlates of treatment response. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Pretreatment glucose metabolism within the right posterior insula correlated with depression severity. Reductions in depression scores correlated with a pre- to posttreatment reduction in right insular metabolism, which in turn correlated with higher objective measures of patient insight obtained from videotaped therapy sessions. Pretreatment metabolism in the right precuneus was significantly higher in patients who completed treatment and correlated with psychological mindedness. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Resting brain metabolism predicted both clinical course and relevant psychotherapeutic process during short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126716
title: Supplementary Material for: Acute Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine and Methylphenidate on Circulating Steroid Levels in Healthy Subjects

description: 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy') and methylphenidate are widely used psychoactive substances. MDMA primarily enhances serotonergic neurotransmission, and methylphenidate increases dopamine but has no serotonergic effects. Both drugs also increase norepinephrine, resulting in sympathomimetic properties. Here we studied the effects of MDMA and methylphenidate on 24-hour plasma steroid profiles. 16 healthy subjects (8 men, 8 women) were treated with single doses of MDMA (125 mg), methylphenidate (60 mg), MDMA + methylphenidate, and placebo on 4 separate days using a cross-over study design. Cortisol, cortisone, corticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone, aldosterone, 11-deoxycorticosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione, and testosterone were repeatedly measured up to 24 h using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy. MDMA significantly increased the plasma concentrations of cortisol, corticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone, and 11-deoxycorticosterone and also tended to moderately increase aldosterone levels compared with placebo. MDMA also increased the sum of cortisol + cortisone and the cortisol/cortisone ratio, consistent with an increase in glucocorticoid production. MDMA did not alter the levels of cortisone, DHEA, DHEAS, androstenedione, or testosterone. Methylphenidate did not affect any of the steroid concentrations, and it did not change the effects of MDMA on circulating steroids. In summary, the serotonin releaser MDMA has acute effects on circulating steroids. These effects are not observed after stimulation of the dopamine and norepinephrine systems with methylphenidate. The present findings support the view that serotonin rather than dopamine and norepinephrine mediates the acute pharmacologically induced stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the absence of other stressors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126719
title: Supplementary Material for: Pharmacoeconomic Implications of Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy in Multiple Myeloma

description: We compared the three arms of the MM-015 randomized phase III clinical trial [melphalan and prednisone (MP), MP plus lenalidomide (MPR), and MPR plus lenalidomide maintenance (MPR-R)] to determine whether the addition of lenalidomide maintenance therapy for primary treatment of multiple myeloma is cost-effective. We used progression-free survival and adverse event data from the MM-015 study for the analysis. Two novel measures of cost-effectiveness termed the Average Cumulative Cost per Patient (ACCP) and the Average Cumulative Cost per Progression-Free Survivor (ACCPFS) were developed for the purpose of this analysis. The ACCP of MP was USD 18,218, compared to USD 167,862 for MPR and USD 309,173 for MPR-R. The ACCPFS was highest with MPR at USD 1,555,443, while MP was USD 313,592 and MPR-R was USD 690,111. MPR-R is superior to MPR in terms of preventing the first progression after initial therapy. However, the addition of lenalidomide to MP in the induction and also in the maintenance setting leads to significant costs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126725
title: Supplementary Material for: Efficacy and Safety of Canagliflozin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Stage 3 Nephropathy

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Some sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are approved for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥45 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. The efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, an approved SGLT2 inhibitor, was evaluated in patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD; eGFR ≥30 to &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This analysis used integrated data from four randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies that enrolled patients with T2DM and stage 3 CKD. Results are presented for the overall population as well as subgroups with stage 3a CKD (eGFR ≥45 and &lt;60 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>) and stage 3b CKD (eGFR ≥30 and &lt;45 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Among all subjects studied with stage 3 CKD, placebo-subtracted reductions in HbA<sub>1c</sub> (-0.38 and -0.47%; p &lt; 0.001), body weight (-1.6 and -1.9%; p &lt; 0.001), and systolic blood pressure (-2.8 and -4.4 mm Hg; p &lt; 0.01) were seen with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg, respectively. Decreases in HbA<sub>1c</sub>, body weight, and systolic blood pressure were examined in the stage 3a and 3b CKD subgroups, with greater decreases in HbA<sub>1c</sub>, -0.47% (-0.61, -0.32) and body weight in subjects in stage 3a CKD, -1.8% (-2.3, -1.2) with canagliflozin 100 mg. Initial declines in eGFR were seen early following treatment initiation with canagliflozin, but trended towards baseline over time. The most common adverse events with canagliflozin included genital mycotic infections and adverse events related to reduced intravascular volume likely secondary to osmotic diuresis. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In subjects<b> </b>with T2DM and stage 3 CKD, canagliflozin reduced HbA<sub>1c</sub>, body weight, and blood pressure, and was generally well tolerated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126728.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Usability of Mobile Technology to Screen for Drug-Drug Interactions in Kidney Transplant Patients

description: <b><i>Background and Objectives:</i></b> Kidney transplant recipients are at increased risk for adverse safety events related to reduced renal function and polypharmacy. Health information technology tools have a precautionary role in improving safety in patients with kidney transplants who are at risk of drug-drug interactions. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Usability testing of a drug-drug interaction inquiry system on a convenience sample of kidney transplant patients and their family members was conducted between January and April 2013 by a single interviewer. Each participant was provided with 35 tasks to complete on a cell phone with a manual keypad. The tasks were classified according to how it was completed: easily completed, noncritical error, or critical error (where a participant was unable to complete the given task without intervention by the interviewer). The final task was timed using a stop watch. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of a total of 16 volunteers, 15 completed the testing. The median time to complete the final task was 4 min (range: 2-9). In a cumulative total of 525 tasks, 33 critical errors were noted. Twelve participants had one or more critical errors. The most frequent critical errors were related to typing and spelling mistakes. Twelve out 15 participants were able to complete the final task without any critical errors. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Understanding transplant patients' preference in technology use and adapting applications to a variety of technological portals will ensure the most effective use of targeted interventions in patient safety, particularly when applied to preventing drug-drug interactions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126719.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Pharmacoeconomic Implications of Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy in Multiple Myeloma

description: We compared the three arms of the MM-015 randomized phase III clinical trial [melphalan and prednisone (MP), MP plus lenalidomide (MPR), and MPR plus lenalidomide maintenance (MPR-R)] to determine whether the addition of lenalidomide maintenance therapy for primary treatment of multiple myeloma is cost-effective. We used progression-free survival and adverse event data from the MM-015 study for the analysis. Two novel measures of cost-effectiveness termed the Average Cumulative Cost per Patient (ACCP) and the Average Cumulative Cost per Progression-Free Survivor (ACCPFS) were developed for the purpose of this analysis. The ACCP of MP was USD 18,218, compared to USD 167,862 for MPR and USD 309,173 for MPR-R. The ACCPFS was highest with MPR at USD 1,555,443, while MP was USD 313,592 and MPR-R was USD 690,111. MPR-R is superior to MPR in terms of preventing the first progression after initial therapy. However, the addition of lenalidomide to MP in the induction and also in the maintenance setting leads to significant costs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5126707
title: Supplementary Material for: Are Respiratory Abnormalities Specific for Panic Disorder? A Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> There is evidence of baseline respiratory abnormalities in panic disorder (PD), but whether they are specific to PD remains unclear. To investigate this issue, we meta-analyzed results from studies comparing baseline respiratory and hematic variables between subjects with PD and subjects with other anxiety disorders. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A literature search in bibliographic databases was performed. Fixed-effects models were applied. Several moderator analyses and publication bias diagnostics were performed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found: (1) significantly lower mean end-tidal partial pressure of CO<sub>2</sub> (et-pCO<sub>2</sub>) in subjects with PD than in those with social phobia (SP) or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and (2) higher mean respiratory rate, lower venous et-pCO<sub>2</sub> and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> concentration in subjects with PD than in those with SP. No publication bias was found. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Subjects with PD show a condition of baseline hyperventilation when compared to subjects with SP or GAD. Hematic variables suggest that the hyperventilation may be chronic. These results support the idea that baseline respiratory abnormalities are specific to PD pathophysiology. Further studies are needed to clarify whether these abnormalities are related to a malfunction of the respiratory system or to specific cognitive/emotional/behavioral factors in this population.