cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127193.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Intradialytic Exercise in Hemodialysis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background and Objective:</i></b> Hemodialysis (HD) patients are more inactive, leading to poor functional capacity and quality of life; this may be reversed with intradialytic exercise training. To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of intradialytic exercise for HD patients, we conducted a meta-analysis of the published randomized controlled trials. <b><i>Data Sources and Methods:</i></b> Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched up to February, 2014. The reference lists of eligible studies and relevant reviews were also checked. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 24 studies of 997 patients were included. Compared with control, intradialytic exercise significantly improve Kt/V (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI 0.01-0.53), peak oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2peak</sub>) (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.76), and physical performance of physical function of life (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI 0.04-0.55). However, no significant improvements were found in the mental function of life. There was no significant difference with respect to musculoskeletal and cardiovascular complications between the intradialytic exercise groups and control groups. Further subgroup analysis found that, when the trial duration was more than 6 months, the intervention had significant effects on VO<sub>2peak</sub> (SMD = 0.89, 95% CI 0.56-1.22). However, when the trial duration was less than 6 months, the change of VO<sub>2peak</sub> was not significant (SMD = 0.19, 95% CI -0.13 to 0.51). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Intradialytic exercise can improve Kt/V, VO<sub>2peak</sub>, and the physical quality of life, and intradialytic exercise is safe for HD patients. Therefore, we put forward the suggestion that clinical guideline be updated to inform clinicians on the benefits of intradialytic exercise on HD patients. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127208.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Association of Genetic Polymorphisms for Glutathione Peroxidase Genes with Obesity in Spanish Children

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Altered expression and activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidases (GPXs) have been observed in obesity in human and animal studies. We aimed to study 59 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for <i>GPX1-7</i> genes and to characterize their association with prepubertal childhood obesity and its associated biomarkers. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This case-control study included 193 obese and 191 normal-weight prepubertal Spanish children, in whom anthropometry, biochemical parameters, adipokines, antioxidant enzyme erythrocyte activities and biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiovascular risk were measured. The genotype analysis was performed in the Illumina platform. PLINK and SPSS were used for statistical analyses. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found SNPs rs757228 and rs8103188 <i>(GPX4) </i>to be negatively associated and rs445870 <i>(GPX5)</i> and rs406113 <i>(GPX6)</i> to be positively associated with obesity in children. The variant rs2074451 (<i>GPX4</i>) increased GPX activity in erythrocytes. Although we did not find significant differences in erythrocyte GPX activity between obese and normal-weight children, GPX activity was found to be positively and significantly correlated with blood pressure, adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The GPX variants rs757228, rs8103188, rs445870 and rs406113 were associated with prepubertal childhood obesity. However, erythrocyte GPX activity was not altered in obese prepubertal Spanish children.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127190
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Association on Acute Renal Allograft Rejection

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a cytokine which plays an important role in the division, proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. In the kidney, VEGF expression is found in glomerular podocytes and in tubular epithelial cells, which may result in acute inflammatory reactions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The role of VEGF gene polymorphisms (-2578 C/A, -2549 18 bp Ins/Del, -1154 G/A and +936 C/T) was investigated in 272 patients who underwent renal transplantation. ARMS-PCR and PCR-RFLP were used. Patients were categorized into acute allograft rejection (n = 76) and nonrejection (n = 196). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The VEGF -1154 GG genotype and the +936 T allele were found to be susceptible to acute rejection (AR). T-A-A-I, T-A-A-D, T-G-C-I and C-A-A-I haplotypes revealed a predisposition among AR cases. In silico analysis revealed +936 T as a significant allele involved in the transcription regulation. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results highlight the role of VEGF polymorphisms in acute allograft rejection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127199.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Internet Claims on Dietary and Herbal Supplements in Advanced Nephropathy: Truth or Myth

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The use of complementary/alternative medicine has garnered rising interest in recent years. Natural products including herbs, vitamins, and minerals are the most popularly consumed. The Internet is a ubiquitous source of information/market for these supplements. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> To systematically evaluate the dietary and herbal supplement recommended for patients with CKD and ESRD on the Internet, and try to distinguish between the claim of the manufacturer and proven scientific data. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A questionnaire assessing each website was formulated. Each product ingredient was recorded in the questionnaire by two independent reviewers and statistically analyzed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 184 websites, 28% claimed to decrease CKD progression, 60% did not advise to consult a doctor before taking the supplement, and &gt;90% did not mention any potential drug interaction, disease interaction, or caution in use during pregnancy or in children. The ten common plant ingredients claiming to be beneficial in kidney diseases were uva ursi, dandelion, parsley, corn silk, juniper, celery, buchu, horsetail, marshmallow, and stinging nettle. In contrast to their claims, these substances were not adequately studied in humans. The available animal studies showed detrimental effects and potential drug interactions with commonly used medications in the CKD/ESRD population. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Nephrologists need to be cognizant of the lack of substantiated proven benefits of these substances and of the potential adverse effects in the animal models that can translate to the patients. Most importantly, the policy needs to change regarding the regulation of these products to prevent patient harm and misinformation. i 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127184
title: Supplementary Material for: Predictors of the Overlap Syndrome and Its Association with Comorbidities in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The occurrence of both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in an individual patient has been described as ‘overlap syndrome', which has been associated with poor prognosis. Little is known about the possible predictors of the overlap syndrome and its association with comorbidities contributing to impaired outcome. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and possible predictors of the overlap syndrome and its association with comorbidities in a cohort of COPD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Individuals with COPD (GOLD stages I-IV, risk groups A-D) were recruited from outpatient clinics. Information on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), COPD assessment test, comorbidities, medications and exacerbations in the past year was collected and a spirometry was performed. Participants underwent a nocturnal polygraphy using the ApneaLink™ device at home. An apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) &gt;10 per hour was considered to indicate OSA. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We enrolled 177 COPD patients (112 men) with a mean age of 64 years (range 42-90), of whom 35 (20%) had an ESS score above 10. During nocturnal polygraphy, 33 patients (19%) had evidence of OSA. In multivariate analysis, BMI and pack years were positively associated with AHI, independent of other significant AHI determinants from univariate analysis. Arterial hypertension and diabetes were more common in patients with the overlap syndrome. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Almost 20% of COPD patients also have OSA. BMI and smoking history seem to be predictors of the overlap syndrome, and these patients may be more often affected by hypertension and diabetes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127187
title: Supplementary Material for: Estimating the Cognitive Effects of Prevalent Diabetes, Recent Onset Diabetes, and the Duration of Diabetes among Older Adults

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Little evidence is available on the effects of incident diabetes or diabetes duration on cognitive aging. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We evaluated the effects of prevalent and incident diabetes on deteriorations in cognitive function, based on participants (n = 8,671) aged 65+ in the Health and Retirement Study in 2000. Inverse probability weighting was used to account for selective attrition and time-varying confounding of incident diabetes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Prevalent diabetes predicted higher odds of dementia [odds ratio 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.58] and worse memory (-0.06 in z-score units; 95% CI -0.10 to -0.02), but incident diabetes or diabetes duration up to 8 years of follow-up was not predictive. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Prevalent diabetes predicted lower cognition but not recent onset diabetes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127181
title: Supplementary Material for: Diagnostic Accuracy of Prenatal Ultrasound in Identifying Jejunal and Ileal Atresia

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Small bowel atresia (SBA) is one of the most common causes of congenital intestinal obstruction. However, the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosing this condition has not been entirely ascertained. The aim of this study was to analyse the predictive accuracy of ultrasound in detecting SBA prenatally. <b><i>Methodology:</i></b> Retrospective study of all cases with prenatal suspicion or postnatal confirmed SBA seen in a tertiary fetal medicine and pediatric surgery units from 2007 to 2013. Cases with duodenal atresia were excluded from the study. The predictive accuracy of ultrasound and different ultrasound signs, alone and in combination, was calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 65 fetuses with prenatal suspicion or postnatal confirmed SBA were enrolled. 58 cases had full data and were included in the analysis. Predictive accuracy of ultrasound in detecting the presence of SBA was poor, with a sensitivity of 50% (95% CI 26.0-74.0) and a specificity of 70.59% (95% CI 52.5-84.9). The presence of both bowel dilatation ≥17 mm and polyhydramnios after 32 weeks of gestation slightly increased sensitivity (66.67%, 95% CI 34.9-90.1) and specificity (80.00%, 95% CI 44.4-97.5). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In case of suspicion of SBA before the 3rd trimester, an ultrasound after 32 weeks should be performed to confirm the presence of both polyhydramnios and bowel dilatation &gt;17 mm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127181.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Diagnostic Accuracy of Prenatal Ultrasound in Identifying Jejunal and Ileal Atresia

description: <b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Small bowel atresia (SBA) is one of the most common causes of congenital intestinal obstruction. However, the accuracy of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosing this condition has not been entirely ascertained. The aim of this study was to analyse the predictive accuracy of ultrasound in detecting SBA prenatally. <b><i>Methodology:</i></b> Retrospective study of all cases with prenatal suspicion or postnatal confirmed SBA seen in a tertiary fetal medicine and pediatric surgery units from 2007 to 2013. Cases with duodenal atresia were excluded from the study. The predictive accuracy of ultrasound and different ultrasound signs, alone and in combination, was calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 65 fetuses with prenatal suspicion or postnatal confirmed SBA were enrolled. 58 cases had full data and were included in the analysis. Predictive accuracy of ultrasound in detecting the presence of SBA was poor, with a sensitivity of 50% (95% CI 26.0-74.0) and a specificity of 70.59% (95% CI 52.5-84.9). The presence of both bowel dilatation ≥17 mm and polyhydramnios after 32 weeks of gestation slightly increased sensitivity (66.67%, 95% CI 34.9-90.1) and specificity (80.00%, 95% CI 44.4-97.5). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In case of suspicion of SBA before the 3rd trimester, an ultrasound after 32 weeks should be performed to confirm the presence of both polyhydramnios and bowel dilatation &gt;17 mm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127184.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Predictors of the Overlap Syndrome and Its Association with Comorbidities in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The occurrence of both chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in an individual patient has been described as ‘overlap syndrome', which has been associated with poor prognosis. Little is known about the possible predictors of the overlap syndrome and its association with comorbidities contributing to impaired outcome. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and possible predictors of the overlap syndrome and its association with comorbidities in a cohort of COPD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Individuals with COPD (GOLD stages I-IV, risk groups A-D) were recruited from outpatient clinics. Information on age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), COPD assessment test, comorbidities, medications and exacerbations in the past year was collected and a spirometry was performed. Participants underwent a nocturnal polygraphy using the ApneaLink™ device at home. An apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) &gt;10 per hour was considered to indicate OSA. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We enrolled 177 COPD patients (112 men) with a mean age of 64 years (range 42-90), of whom 35 (20%) had an ESS score above 10. During nocturnal polygraphy, 33 patients (19%) had evidence of OSA. In multivariate analysis, BMI and pack years were positively associated with AHI, independent of other significant AHI determinants from univariate analysis. Arterial hypertension and diabetes were more common in patients with the overlap syndrome. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Almost 20% of COPD patients also have OSA. BMI and smoking history seem to be predictors of the overlap syndrome, and these patients may be more often affected by hypertension and diabetes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127190.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Impact of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Association on Acute Renal Allograft Rejection

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a cytokine which plays an important role in the division, proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. In the kidney, VEGF expression is found in glomerular podocytes and in tubular epithelial cells, which may result in acute inflammatory reactions. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The role of VEGF gene polymorphisms (-2578 C/A, -2549 18 bp Ins/Del, -1154 G/A and +936 C/T) was investigated in 272 patients who underwent renal transplantation. ARMS-PCR and PCR-RFLP were used. Patients were categorized into acute allograft rejection (n = 76) and nonrejection (n = 196). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The VEGF -1154 GG genotype and the +936 T allele were found to be susceptible to acute rejection (AR). T-A-A-I, T-A-A-D, T-G-C-I and C-A-A-I haplotypes revealed a predisposition among AR cases. In silico analysis revealed +936 T as a significant allele involved in the transcription regulation. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results highlight the role of VEGF polymorphisms in acute allograft rejection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127175
title: Supplementary Material for: Functional Outcome After Primary Endovascular Therapy or IV Thrombolysis Alone for Stroke. An Observational, Comparative Effectiveness Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Among the acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusions and contraindications for the use of IV thrombolysis, mainly on oral anticoagulation or presenting too late, primary endovascular therapy is often performed as an alternative to the standard therapy even though evidence supporting the use of endovascular reperfusion therapies is not yet established. Using different statistical approaches, we compared the functional independence rates at 3 months among patients undergoing primary endovascular therapy and patients treated only with IV thrombolysis. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used data from a prospective, government-mandated and externally audited registry of reperfusion therapies for ischemic stroke (January 2011 to November 2012). Patients were selected if treated with either IV thrombolysis alone (n = 1,582) or primary endovascular thrombectomy (n = 250). A series of exclusions were made to homogenize the clinical characteristics among the two groups. We then carried out multivariate logistic regression and propensity score matching analyses on the final study sample (n = 1,179) to compare functional independence at 3 months, as measured by the modified Rankin scale scores 0-2, between the two groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The unadjusted likelihood of good outcome was poorer among the endovascular group (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.47-1.0). After adjustment, no differences by treatment modality were seen (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 0.93-2.43 for primary endovascular therapy). Patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy within 180-270 min (OR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.17-7.15) and patients with severe strokes (OR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.02-3.35) did better than their intravenous thrombolysis counterparts. The propensity score-matched analyses with and without adjustment by additional covariates showed that endovascular thrombectomy was as effective as intravenous thrombolysis alone in achieving functional independence (OR for unadjusted propensity score matched: 1.35; 95% CI: 0.9-2.02, OR for adjusted propensity score matched: 1.45; 95% CI: 0.91-2.32). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This comparative effectiveness study shows that in ischemic stroke patients with contraindications for IV thrombolysis, primary endovascular treatment might be an alternative therapy at least as effective as IV thrombolysis alone. Randomized controlled trials are urgently needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127187.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Estimating the Cognitive Effects of Prevalent Diabetes, Recent Onset Diabetes, and the Duration of Diabetes among Older Adults

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Little evidence is available on the effects of incident diabetes or diabetes duration on cognitive aging. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We evaluated the effects of prevalent and incident diabetes on deteriorations in cognitive function, based on participants (n = 8,671) aged 65+ in the Health and Retirement Study in 2000. Inverse probability weighting was used to account for selective attrition and time-varying confounding of incident diabetes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Prevalent diabetes predicted higher odds of dementia [odds ratio 1.27; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.58] and worse memory (-0.06 in z-score units; 95% CI -0.10 to -0.02), but incident diabetes or diabetes duration up to 8 years of follow-up was not predictive. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Prevalent diabetes predicted lower cognition but not recent onset diabetes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127169
title: Supplementary Material for: <b><i>SH2B1</i></b> CpG-SNP Is Associated with Body Weight Reduction in Obese Subjects Following a Dietary Restriction Program

description: The objective of this study was to examine whether 7 SNPs previously associated with obesity-related traits that add or remove potential sites of DNA methylation are accompanied by differential DNA methylation and subsequently affect adiposity variables or body weight reduction in WBC from obese subjects under an energy-restricted program. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> Anthropometric measurements were assessed in 47 volunteers recruited within the RESMENA study (Spain). At baseline, DNA from white blood cells was isolated and 7 obesity-related trait CpG-SNPs were genotyped by TaqMan-PCR. Then, methylation levels of CpG-SNP sites were quantified by MassArray® EpiTyper™ or MS-HRM approaches. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Differential DNA methylation levels were observed by genotypes in all of the CpG-SNPs analyzed. The <i>FTO</i> and <i>BDNF </i>methylation levels were further correlated with baseline body weight and, <i>BDNF</i> mRNA levels and body weight change, respectively. Moreover, the rs7359397 <i>(SH2B1) </i>was associated with the body weight, body mass index, and truncal fat mass reduction. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our results reveal the interaction of epigenetic and genetic variations in CpG-SNPs, especially in <i>BDNF</i> and <i>SH2B1</i> genes, and how allele-specific methylation may contribute to elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms as these SNPs are affecting the decrease of mRNA levels and contributing to a lower body weight reduction. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5127172
title: Supplementary Material for: Oxytocin in der Verhaltenstherapie: Förderung der Akzeptanz von Körperkontakt zwischen Mutter und Kindern durch Einsatz von Oxytocin - eine Fallvignette

description: <b><i>Hintergrund: </i></b>Der folgende Fallbericht beschreibt die Oxytocinbehandlung einer traumatisierten Patientin, die darunter litt, keinen Körperkontakt mit ihren Kindern zu tolerieren. Nach erfolgreichem Abschluss ihrer Traumatherapie blieb die Intoleranz für Körperkontakt weiterhin bestehen. <b><i>Fallbericht: </i></b>Das Oxytocin wurde eingesetzt, um die Akzeptanz von Körperkontakt bei der Mutter zu unterstützen und einen Löschungs- und Gegenkonditionierungsprozess zu initiieren, der zusätzlich durch die Kinder positiv verstärkt würde. Die Hypothese war, dass die Intoleranz für Körperkontakt nicht mehr traumabezogen war, sondern ein Rest, der auf der Basis klassischer Konditionierung weiterbestand, ohne irgendeine aktuelle Funktion. Der Effekt des Oxytocins trat fast sofort nach Anwendung ein und steigerte die Toleranz für Körperkontakt von 10 s (vor der Intervention) auf eine Stunde und mehr (mit Oxytocin). Die Patientin beschrieb den Effekt als angenehm und entspannend. Nach 3 Wochen wurde der Einsatz von Oxytocin beendet, und wie vorausgesagt steigerte sich die Akzeptanz von Körperkontakt kontinuierlich weiter und blieb mindestens 22 Monate stabil. <b><i>Schlussfolgerungen: </i></b>Dies zeigt, dass der Einsatz von Oxytocin die Mutter-Kind-Interaktion schnell und nachhaltig verbessern kann. Weitere Studien sollten untersuchen, ob der Einsatz von Oxytocin eine effektive Möglichkeit sein könnte, physischem Missbrauch von Kindern vorzubeugen und die Eltern-Kind-Beziehung zu verbessern.