cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964428.v1
title: Evaluation of herpesvirus members on hospital admission in patients with systemic lupus erythematous shows higher frequency of Epstein-Barr virus and its associated renal dysfunction

description: Abstract Introduction: Members of the Herpesviridae family have been described in patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), but the clinical impact on renal function is not well known. Methods: HSV1, HSV2, VZV, EBV, CMV, HHV-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8 were evaluated by molecular biology on admission in blood samples from 40 consecutive SLE patients hospitalized for lupus activity. Results: Patients were 90.0% female, 77.5% non-white, with average age of 32.7 ± 13.6 years. We found positivity for EBV (65.0%), CMV (30.0%), HSV-1 (30.0%), HHV-6 (12.5%), and HHV-7 (7.5%). For all viruses, age, SLEDAI, hematological tests, ferritin, LDH, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were not significant. However, EBV positivity was a significant factor for higher serum creatinine (3.0 ± 2.8 vs. 0.9 ± 0.8; P = 0.001) and urea (86 ± 51 vs. 50 ± 46; P = 0.03). Moreover, positive cases for EBV only or with combined co-infections (66.7%-CMV; 58.3%-HSV-1) or negative for EBV only were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis test again showed statistical significance for serum creatinine and urea (both P ≤ 0.01), with posttest also showing statistical differences for renal dysfunction and EBV presence (alone or in combined co-infections). The presence of EBV viral load was also significant for nephrotic-range proteinuria, renal flare, and the need for hemodialysis. Conclusion: Members of the Herpeviridae family (mainly EBV, HSV-1 and CMV) are common on hospital admission of SLE patients, reaching 65% for EBV, which seems to be associated with renal dysfunction and could reflect a previous association or overlapping disease, which is not well understood.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964439
title: Comparative analysis of patients’ survival on hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis and identification of factors associated with death

description: Abstract Introduction: There are several studies comparing the outcomes of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD), and most are divergent. Methods: This is a cohort study that followed patients with incident PD and HD in a planned and unplanned way, in a dialysis unit of the HCFMB from 01/2014 to 01/2019, until the outcome. We collected clinical and laboratory data. The PD and HD groups, death and non-death outcomes, were compared using the chi-square test for categorical variables and t-test, or Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables. Kaplan Meier curve and log-rank test were used for survival. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox regression. The significant difference was p &lt; 0.05. Results: We had 592 patients, 290 treated by HD and 302 by PD. The mean age was 59.9 ± 16.8, with a predominance of males (56.3%), the main underlying disease was diabetes (45%); 29% of the patients died. There was no difference in the survival of patients treated by HD and PD. The oldest age (1.018 (95% CI 1.000-1.037; p=0.046)) was identified as a risk factor for death, while the highest number of infection-free days (0.999 (95% CI 0.999-1.000; p=0.003 )) as a protective factor. Conclusion: The analysis reinforced that the survival of patients on HD and PD was similar. Higher age and shorter infection-free time were associated with death.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964439.v1
title: Comparative analysis of patients’ survival on hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis and identification of factors associated with death

description: Abstract Introduction: There are several studies comparing the outcomes of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD), and most are divergent. Methods: This is a cohort study that followed patients with incident PD and HD in a planned and unplanned way, in a dialysis unit of the HCFMB from 01/2014 to 01/2019, until the outcome. We collected clinical and laboratory data. The PD and HD groups, death and non-death outcomes, were compared using the chi-square test for categorical variables and t-test, or Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables. Kaplan Meier curve and log-rank test were used for survival. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox regression. The significant difference was p &lt; 0.05. Results: We had 592 patients, 290 treated by HD and 302 by PD. The mean age was 59.9 ± 16.8, with a predominance of males (56.3%), the main underlying disease was diabetes (45%); 29% of the patients died. There was no difference in the survival of patients treated by HD and PD. The oldest age (1.018 (95% CI 1.000-1.037; p=0.046)) was identified as a risk factor for death, while the highest number of infection-free days (0.999 (95% CI 0.999-1.000; p=0.003 )) as a protective factor. Conclusion: The analysis reinforced that the survival of patients on HD and PD was similar. Higher age and shorter infection-free time were associated with death.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964440
title: Kidney Disease in Ankylosing Spondylitis: a case series and review of the literature

description: Abstract Background Kidney disease is a rare manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its pathological alterations remain poorly described. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical presentation and pathological alterations on kidney biopsy of AS patients and review and discuss the current literature on the issue. Methods: We retrospectively studied the clinical presentation and kidney pathological alterations of 15 Caucasian AS patients submitted to kidney biopsy between October 1985 and March 2021. Results: Patients were predominantly male (66.7%) with median age at the time of kideney biopsy of 47 years [IQR 34 - 62]. Median serum creatinine at presentation was 1.3 mg/dL [IQR 0.9 - 3] and most patients also had either proteinuria (85.7%) and/or hematuria (42.8%). The most common indication for kidney biopsy was nephrotic syndrome (33.3%), followed by acute or rapidly progressive kidney injury (20%) and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (20%). Chronic interstitial nephritis (CIN) (n=3) and AA amyloidosis (n=3) were the most common diagnosis. Others included IgA nephropathy (IgAN) (n=2), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n=2), membranous nephropathy (n=1), and immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN)(n=1). Conclusions: We present one of the largest series of biopsy-proven kidney disease in Caucasian AS patients. We found a lower prevalence of IgAN than previously reported in Asian cohorts. We found a higher prevalence of CIN and a lower prevalence of AA amyloidosis than that described in previous series of Caucasian patients. We also present the first case of AS-associated IC-MPGN.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964440.v1
title: Kidney Disease in Ankylosing Spondylitis: a case series and review of the literature

description: Abstract Background Kidney disease is a rare manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and its pathological alterations remain poorly described. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical presentation and pathological alterations on kidney biopsy of AS patients and review and discuss the current literature on the issue. Methods: We retrospectively studied the clinical presentation and kidney pathological alterations of 15 Caucasian AS patients submitted to kidney biopsy between October 1985 and March 2021. Results: Patients were predominantly male (66.7%) with median age at the time of kideney biopsy of 47 years [IQR 34 - 62]. Median serum creatinine at presentation was 1.3 mg/dL [IQR 0.9 - 3] and most patients also had either proteinuria (85.7%) and/or hematuria (42.8%). The most common indication for kidney biopsy was nephrotic syndrome (33.3%), followed by acute or rapidly progressive kidney injury (20%) and chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (20%). Chronic interstitial nephritis (CIN) (n=3) and AA amyloidosis (n=3) were the most common diagnosis. Others included IgA nephropathy (IgAN) (n=2), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (n=2), membranous nephropathy (n=1), and immune complex-mediated membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (IC-MPGN)(n=1). Conclusions: We present one of the largest series of biopsy-proven kidney disease in Caucasian AS patients. We found a lower prevalence of IgAN than previously reported in Asian cohorts. We found a higher prevalence of CIN and a lower prevalence of AA amyloidosis than that described in previous series of Caucasian patients. We also present the first case of AS-associated IC-MPGN.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964446.v1
title: The neo-Schumpeterian approach to innovation and Keynes’s probability: initial explorations

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the paper is to show that Keynes’s concept of probability can enrich the understanding of the process of the introduction of innovation offered by the Neo- Schumpeterian approach. To deal with uncertainty Neo-Schumpeterians introduce the concept of routines. What is suggested here is that the concepts of Degree of Rational Belief and Weight of Argument, which come from the Keynes theory of probability, when used together with the concept of routines, help understand the rationality of the decision-making process in introduction of an innovation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964446
title: The neo-Schumpeterian approach to innovation and Keynes’s probability: initial explorations

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the paper is to show that Keynes’s concept of probability can enrich the understanding of the process of the introduction of innovation offered by the Neo- Schumpeterian approach. To deal with uncertainty Neo-Schumpeterians introduce the concept of routines. What is suggested here is that the concepts of Degree of Rational Belief and Weight of Argument, which come from the Keynes theory of probability, when used together with the concept of routines, help understand the rationality of the decision-making process in introduction of an innovation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964448
title: National Systems of Innovation and Non-OECD Countries: Notes about a rudimentary and tentative “typology”

description: ABSTRACT This paper suggests a tentative “typology” for Non-OECD National Systems of Innovation (NSIs). Three main categories compose this tentative “typology”: “mature” NSIs, catching up NSIs, and “non-mature” NSIs. This paper investigates theoretical mediations which may be necessary if the NSI concept is to be applied appropriately to Non-OECD countries. Science and technology statistics are used to evaluate the suggested “typology”. Basic statistics (GDP, R&D expenditures, education, patents, and papers) are presented. Data from forty-six countries are used for statistical exercises. The findings of this paper hint that it is possible to cluster different countries around science and technology indicators.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964448.v1
title: National Systems of Innovation and Non-OECD Countries: Notes about a rudimentary and tentative “typology”

description: ABSTRACT This paper suggests a tentative “typology” for Non-OECD National Systems of Innovation (NSIs). Three main categories compose this tentative “typology”: “mature” NSIs, catching up NSIs, and “non-mature” NSIs. This paper investigates theoretical mediations which may be necessary if the NSI concept is to be applied appropriately to Non-OECD countries. Science and technology statistics are used to evaluate the suggested “typology”. Basic statistics (GDP, R&D expenditures, education, patents, and papers) are presented. Data from forty-six countries are used for statistical exercises. The findings of this paper hint that it is possible to cluster different countries around science and technology indicators.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964449
title: Evolutionary models of endogenous growth

description: ABSTRACT The paper presents the main lines of research followed by evolutionary models of endogenous growth. The authors intend to show how those approaches constitute a research program as an alternative to the one followed by the “new” endogenous growth models. After a comparison between evolutionary and new classical micro-foundations, the text displays a synthesis and a sample of modeling exercises along evolutionary lines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964449.v1
title: Evolutionary models of endogenous growth

description: ABSTRACT The paper presents the main lines of research followed by evolutionary models of endogenous growth. The authors intend to show how those approaches constitute a research program as an alternative to the one followed by the “new” endogenous growth models. After a comparison between evolutionary and new classical micro-foundations, the text displays a synthesis and a sample of modeling exercises along evolutionary lines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964451
title: The Real Plan and the Brazilian agriculture: perspectives

description: ABSTRACT This paper reviews the effects of Plano Real’s macroeconomic policies on agriculture and discusses the new perspectives open after the strong devaluation of our currency in January 1999. Brazilian agriculture was severely affected by the combination of high interest rates - overvalued exchange rate. In addition, it has had to face the problems of excessive reduction in import tariffs, of financed imports and of low economic growth rates in recent years. Some favorable changes in international trade offset, at least partially, the problem of currency overvaluation. Brazil has always been recognized as having a strong comparative advantage in agriculture. The devaluation which occurred, beginning in January 1999, opens better perspectives for the country to exploit its competitiveness in international markets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964451.v1
title: The Real Plan and the Brazilian agriculture: perspectives

description: ABSTRACT This paper reviews the effects of Plano Real’s macroeconomic policies on agriculture and discusses the new perspectives open after the strong devaluation of our currency in January 1999. Brazilian agriculture was severely affected by the combination of high interest rates - overvalued exchange rate. In addition, it has had to face the problems of excessive reduction in import tariffs, of financed imports and of low economic growth rates in recent years. Some favorable changes in international trade offset, at least partially, the problem of currency overvaluation. Brazil has always been recognized as having a strong comparative advantage in agriculture. The devaluation which occurred, beginning in January 1999, opens better perspectives for the country to exploit its competitiveness in international markets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964452
title: European Monetary Union: Recent evolution and perspectives

description: ABSTRACT This paper discusses the uniqueness and the stability of the proposed model for the European Monetary Union - EMU, pointing out some of the difficulties faced in its implementation and the chances of surpassing them. It also suggests how all the points of European monetary integration - central bank independence, balanced budget and stability of the exchange rate within a certain band of fluctuation - are sustained upon the proposition that economy founds auto-adjustment since there is flexibility of wages and prices and the State’s intervention remains as short as possible. Thus, the need of convergence of economic and financial EMU’s criterion and the sufficiency of its achievement to a greater development of Europe in face of other countries bring the discussion back to the theoretical paradigm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964452.v1
title: European Monetary Union: Recent evolution and perspectives

description: ABSTRACT This paper discusses the uniqueness and the stability of the proposed model for the European Monetary Union - EMU, pointing out some of the difficulties faced in its implementation and the chances of surpassing them. It also suggests how all the points of European monetary integration - central bank independence, balanced budget and stability of the exchange rate within a certain band of fluctuation - are sustained upon the proposition that economy founds auto-adjustment since there is flexibility of wages and prices and the State’s intervention remains as short as possible. Thus, the need of convergence of economic and financial EMU’s criterion and the sufficiency of its achievement to a greater development of Europe in face of other countries bring the discussion back to the theoretical paradigm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964455
title: The impacts of the Euro: an evaluation

description: ABSTRACT The introduction of a single currency (euro), in the beginning of 1999, is a historical event in the international monetary system. This paper evaluates some consequences of this monetary union concerning the capital markets, performance of Europe, the threat of the euro in relation to the US dollar as a store of value and possible source of instability in the exchange markets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964455.v1
title: The impacts of the Euro: an evaluation

description: ABSTRACT The introduction of a single currency (euro), in the beginning of 1999, is a historical event in the international monetary system. This paper evaluates some consequences of this monetary union concerning the capital markets, performance of Europe, the threat of the euro in relation to the US dollar as a store of value and possible source of instability in the exchange markets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964457
title: Monetary Policy in Argentina Under Convertibility, 1991-96

description: ABSTRACT A conceptual framework to analyze monetary policy might be the relationship “policy goal-operating target-monetary instrument.” Although the discretion of the monetary authorities is severely restricted, this analysis is also applicable to Argentina since 1991. Its monetary regime is governed by the Convertibility Law, which requires the Central Bank to convert the domestic currency into dollars, and by the Central Bank Charter, which prescribes that its “fundamental mission [...] is [...] to maintain the value of the currency.” Five periods were found when the operating targets and monetary instruments were different, while the policy goal of price stability remained unchanged.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964457.v1
title: Monetary Policy in Argentina Under Convertibility, 1991-96

description: ABSTRACT A conceptual framework to analyze monetary policy might be the relationship “policy goal-operating target-monetary instrument.” Although the discretion of the monetary authorities is severely restricted, this analysis is also applicable to Argentina since 1991. Its monetary regime is governed by the Convertibility Law, which requires the Central Bank to convert the domestic currency into dollars, and by the Central Bank Charter, which prescribes that its “fundamental mission [...] is [...] to maintain the value of the currency.” Five periods were found when the operating targets and monetary instruments were different, while the policy goal of price stability remained unchanged.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964460
title: Reforming old-age pension systems in developing countries: lessons from Latin America

description: ABSTRACT Latin American countries, pioneered by Chile, have launched bold old age pension reforms. While these reforms may address issues of financial sustainability of the pension systems, their most valuable contribution is related to political economy aspects as they avoid perverse redistribution within the system and minimise the risk of government appropriation. On the negative side, Chilean inspired reforms represent a costly approach to reform; they may lead to concentration within the industry and increase risks faced by the individual. They do not eliminate evasion, and in some of its versions, they may introduce problems of adverse selection. More importantly, such reforms do not guarantee that old age will be free of poverty, which is (or should be) the main objective of a pension system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964460.v1
title: Reforming old-age pension systems in developing countries: lessons from Latin America

description: ABSTRACT Latin American countries, pioneered by Chile, have launched bold old age pension reforms. While these reforms may address issues of financial sustainability of the pension systems, their most valuable contribution is related to political economy aspects as they avoid perverse redistribution within the system and minimise the risk of government appropriation. On the negative side, Chilean inspired reforms represent a costly approach to reform; they may lead to concentration within the industry and increase risks faced by the individual. They do not eliminate evasion, and in some of its versions, they may introduce problems of adverse selection. More importantly, such reforms do not guarantee that old age will be free of poverty, which is (or should be) the main objective of a pension system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964463
title: The articulation of industrial and commercial policies in contemporary developing economies: an analytical discussion

description: ABSTRACT The article discusses the importance of the connection between industrial and trade policies within the current process of globalization in the world economy. In spite of being inspired by the recent Brazilian trade liberalization, all questions analyzed here are basically theoretical ones. The author discusses how the connection between industrial and trade policies are analyzed within the international trade theories as well as how the latter offers theoretical arguments favorable to industrial policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964463.v1
title: The articulation of industrial and commercial policies in contemporary developing economies: an analytical discussion

description: ABSTRACT The article discusses the importance of the connection between industrial and trade policies within the current process of globalization in the world economy. In spite of being inspired by the recent Brazilian trade liberalization, all questions analyzed here are basically theoretical ones. The author discusses how the connection between industrial and trade policies are analyzed within the international trade theories as well as how the latter offers theoretical arguments favorable to industrial policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19964466.v1
title: The Credit Rationing Model and the Novo-Keynesian Monetary Policy: A Critical Analysis

description: ABSTRACT The paper discusses and criticizes the credit rationing model (CRM) and its use to support the new-Keynesian approach to the monetary policy. After analyzing the working of the model in the different phases of the business cycle it is concluded that: (i) in the upward phase, demand rationing equilibrium - which is a condition for recommendation of counter-cyclical monetary policy in the CRM scope - is not plausible as a macroeconomic phenomenon, but only at microeconomic level; (ii) in the downward phase, although the demand rationing is a plausible equilibrium, it does not occur for the reason alleged by the CRM (the rigidity of the interest rate), neither it does act in favour of the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. These conclusions imply the rejection of the CRM as theoretical basis for monetary policy analysis, as well as of the new-Keynesian approach about this theme. Finally, it is argued that, at macroeconomic level, the unique theoretical contribution of the CRM is to justify “vertical” interventions of government in financial markets, through financing policies to sectors or projects which risks are more difficult to estimate, notably, in infra-structure, R&D and new-technology sectors.