cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.60641/14k4-zx63
title: Viral infections - Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: Viral and parasitic infection loads, for instance Influenza A, Influenza B, Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV1), Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV2), Toxoplasma Gondii, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and Procalcitonin, measured with traditional enzymatic tests, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).
description: In TRAILS, Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to Human Herpes Virus 6 (HHV-6) were assessed. IgG is the most common type of antibody and an indicator of immune response against pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. HHV-6 causes the childhood disorder Exanthema Subitum (Sixth Disease) and has been linked to neuroinflammatory disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer's Disease. IgG and HHV-6 were assessed from a blood sample using traditional enzymatic tests such as Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA).
DOI: 10.60641/vvrz-y831
title: Adolescent Cognitive Style Questionnaire (ACSQ)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Adolescent Cognitive Style Questionnaire (ACSQ) is a validated assessment of cognitive vulnerability to depression.
DOI: 10.60641/9r32-vf25
title: Viral infections - Toxoplasma Gondii

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: Viral and parasitic infection loads, for instance Influenza A, Influenza B, Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV1), Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV2), Toxoplasma Gondii, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), and Procalcitonin, measured with traditional enzymatic tests, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).
description: In TRAILS,  Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to Toxoplasma Gondii were assessed. IgG is the most common type of antibody and an indicator of immune response against pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. Toxoplasma Gondii is a parasite that causes an infection which is generally asymptomatic but may lead to the serious disorder Toxoplasmosis. IgG and Toxoplasma Gondii were assessed from a blood sample using traditional enzymatic tests such as Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA).
DOI: 10.60641/yh0j-ph34
title: Sexuality and pregnancy

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: Sexuality and pregnancy assesses sexual orientation, sexual experiences and the use of contraceptives during those experiences (contraceptive pill, condoms, etc.).
DOI: 10.60641/mv26-6k78
title: Behavioral Inhibition and Activation Scale (BIS/BAS)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Behavioral Inhibition and Activation Scales (BIS/BAS) measure behavioral inhibition (BIS) and behavioral activation (BAS). This instrument consists of one inhibitory factor (BIS scale) and three activational factors (BAS scales). The BIS scale includes items that refer to the anticipation of punishment. The BAS scales consist of items that refer to the anticipation of reward and can be divided into three components: fun seeking (BAS-Fun), reward responsiveness (BAS-Reward), and drive (BAS-Drive).
description: In TRAILS, the subscales BAS drive, BAS fun seeking, and BAS reward responsiveness were assessed.
DOI: 10.60641/56an-cs05
title: Liver enzymes

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: Liver enzymes, for instance Albumin, Jodide, Aspartaat Aminotransferase (ASAT), and Alanine Transaminase (ALAT), measured with traditional enzymatic tests, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).
description: In TRAILS, Aspartate Aminotransferase (ASAT) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALAT) were assessed. These are enzymes in amino acid metabolism (specifically the alanine cycle) and liver health markers. ASAT and ALAT were assessed from a blood sample using traditional enzymatic methods such as Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA).
DOI: 10.60641/4eej-0y45
title: Delay of gratification task - Present task

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Delay of Gratification task aims to measure self-regulation by presenting the child with the choice between a small reward in the short-term and a larger reward in the long-term. The classic implementation of the Delay of Gratification task is the Marshmallow experiment, in which a child is presented with one marshmallow right now and is instructed that if they manage to wait for the researcher to return before eating it, they will receive multiple marshmallows later on. Multiple implementations of the Delay of Gratification task exist, with different reward types and suitable for different populations.
description: The Present task in TRAILS Next was conducted during a home visit. Children were instructed to wait for one minute with touching a present that was presented in front of them (a cardboard booklet wrapped in paper). This task followed the Raisin task, and was only executed if the child had not started crying during the Raisin task.
DOI: 10.60641/cbfy-vw36
title: Lipids - Lipoproteins (HDL and LDL)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: Lipids, for instance Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins measured with traditional enzymatic tests, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).
description: In TRAILS, High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL) and Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL) were assessed. Lipoproteins are lipids that bind to apolipoproteins. Because lipids, such as cholesterol and triglycerides, are insoluble in water, these lipids are transported as lipoproteins. HDL is a cardiovascular health marker, while LDL is a cardiovascular problems marker. HDL and LDL were assessed from a blood sample using traditional enzymatic methods such as Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA).
DOI: 10.60641/7kdy-5a77
title: Medical history

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: Medical history assesses health services utilization and medication use, focusing specifically on pregnancy.
DOI: 10.60641/nvw1-dm71
title: Spatial Orienting Task (SOT)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Spatial Orienting Task (SOT) is a validated assessment of attentional control. In the task, participants are instructed that they can either win or lose points, after which they have to push a button if they see a target pop up. The target either pops up fast or really fast and the location where the target pops up can be primed or not. The accuracy and reaction times of the button presses is recorded.
description: In TRAILS, besides performance, heart rate, heart rate variability, pre-ejection period, blood pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia were also measured during this task.
DOI: 10.60641/rasj-rp06
title: Physical health

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The physical health questions assess whether the participant has experienced any accidents or common health problems, including cuts, bruises, broken bones, allergies, infections, and different kinds of pain (e.g., headache, stomach ache, pain in the neck, back or shoulders).
description: The teacher-report version and measurements waves four, five, and six used a selection of the most relevant items.
DOI: 10.60641/nre9-e656
title: Event History Calendar

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Event History Calendar is a validated assessment of life events. It asks participants to indicate if they have experienced any family conflict, family illness, hospital admissions, friendships, victimization, and delinquency in the past or current period.
DOI: 10.60641/grwh-k188
title: Drinking Motive Questionnaire (DMQ-R)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Drinking Motive Questionnaire (DMQ-R) is a validated assessment of motivations to consume alcohol, which range from social, coping, conformity and enhancement motives.
DOI: 10.60641/sp7b-6y13
title: Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Children’s Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) is a caregiver report that measures temperament in children aged 3 to 7 years. Domains of the CBQ include positive and negative emotion, motivation, activity level, and attention.
description: In TRAILS, the subscales activity level, approach, attentional focusing, discomfort, fear, frustration, high intensity pleasure, low intensity pleasure, impulsivity, inhibitory control, perceptual sensitivity, sadness, shyness, soothability, and smiling and laughter were included.
DOI: 10.60641/j9ph-d528
title: Delay of gratification task - Marshmallow task

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Delay of Gratification task aims to measure self-regulation by presenting the child with the choice between a small reward in the short-term and a larger reward in the long-term. The classic implementation of the Delay of Gratification task is the Marshmallow experiment, in which a child is presented with one marshmallow right now and is instructed that if they manage to wait for the researcher to return before eating it, they will receive multiple marshmallows later on. Multiple implementations of the Delay of Gratification task exist, with different reward types and suitable for different populations.
description: In the fourth and fifth measurement waves of TRAILS Next, the Marshmallow task was used. Children were given 1 sweet in front of them (candy, chocolate or a healthier fruit roll up), and told that if they would wait with eating it, they would get 2 sweets later instead. The experimenter then left the room and came back after 7 minutes. During the entire period, the child's behavior was videotaped.
DOI: 10.60641/zxpt-tq90
title: Parental Behavior Checklist (PBC)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Parental Behavior Checklist (PBC) is a validated assessment of parental behavior. It includes expectations, nurturing, and discipline.
DOI: 10.60641/7des-9986
title: Disruptive Behavior Diagnostic Observation Schedule (DB-DOS)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: The Disruptive Behavior Diagnostic Observation Schedule (DB-DOS) is a validated observational assessment of disruptive behavior in preschool children. It includes the domains of behavioral regulation and anger modulation.
description: In the fourth and fifth measurement waves of TRAILS Next, the DB-DOS consisted of 5 parts. In the first part, the parent played freely with the child with legos for 4 minutes. In the second part, the parent was asked to instruct the child to sort the legos by color, without helping the child (4 minutes). In the third part, the child was instructed to solve unsolvable maze with which it could win a prize. This part lasted 4 minutes, and maximum 8 minutes to comfort the child if it got upset. In the fourth part, the parent and the experimenter talked on the phone for 4 minutes and the child was not able to interrupt the phone call or touch the prizes or toys (they were only allowed to draw). In the fifth part, the child was instructed to throw rings with which they could win a prize. The parent and experimeter left the room so that the child got an opportunity to cheat. After the task, the child always received a prize, irrespective of their performance or cheating behavior.
DOI: 10.60641/5n3z-8427
title: Blood sugar markers - Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)

description: TRAILS (TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey) is an ongoing, multidisciplinary research on the psychological, social and physical development of adolescents and young adults. More than 2700 participants have participated since they were about eleven years old. For over 20 years, these participants have been examined every 2 to 3 years, through questionnaires, interviews, tests and/or physical measurements. Data was collected not only from participants, but also their family members, teachers, peers, and partners. TRAILS consists of a population cohort (TRAILS: POP) and a clinical cohort (TRAILS: CC). Since 2015, participants’ children have been measured in the offspring study TRAILS NEXT.
description: Blood sugar markers, for instance Glucose, Insulin, and C-peptide, measured with traditional enzymatic tests, such as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA).
description: Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) is hemoglobin that is chemically bound to a sugar and a blood sugar marker. In TRAILS, HbA1c was assessed from a blood sample using traditional enzymatic methods such as Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA).