cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.57780/esa-rxor3n1
title: 16392

description: Carbon stars (C>O) were long assumed to all be giants comma  because only AGB stars dredge up significant carbon into their atmospheres. We now know that dwarf carbon (dC) stars are actually far more common than C giants. The dCs have accreted C-rich envelope material from an AGB companion comma  eventually yielding a white dwarf and a dC that has gained both significant mass and angular momentum. We propose a Chandra study of the nearest known typical dC comma  J0435+3401 comma  to investigate its extreme X-ray spectral properties and variability comma  while using HST to constrain the cooling age of its white dwarf companion. Since dCs are the likely progenitors of CH comma  BaII and CEMP stars comma  and probably also interacting binaries like CVs comma  novae comma  or SN Ia comma  our results will have wide-ranging implications.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284241.09fu
title: SH1284241.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-s1454vk
title: 16780

description: Boccaletti+ (2015) discovered features moving within the AU Mic debris disk at super-Keplerian tangential velocities in spatially resolved imagery of the AU Mic debris disk.  To date comma  these are the only moving structures seen in spatially resolved imagery of debris disks. The surface brightness comma  number comma  morphology comma  and velocities of these moving features constrains their physical location and mass comma  and thus are critical quantities needed to constrain the origin of this phenomenon. We propose 7 orbits of HST-STIS time per cycle comma  for cycles 27 comma 28 comma 29 comma  to determinedoublePoint a) What is the surface brightness of all features comma  and how does the surface brightness and morphology of features change over timequestionMark  b) What is the detailed vertical motion of features comma  and does the amplitude of this motion depend on stellocentric separationquestionMark  and c) What is the motion of the newly found features (NW-gamma and NW-delta) on the NW-side of the diskquestionMark  These data will be used to test hypotheses that predict features are caused by the stellar wind expelling grains originating from a parent body that orbits at 8+--2 au (Sezestre+ 2017) or by interaction between the star.s wind and repeated dust avalanche events (Chiang  and  Fung 2017).
DOI: 10.57780/esa-s18tltr
title: 16320

description: The origin of half of the elements heavier than iron -- the so-called r-process elements -- is a central unsolved mystery in astrophysics. These atoms include both precious metals (e.g. gold) as well as radioactive elements required for geophysical processes on the Earth (e.g. thorium) and even some which are necessary on Earth for advanced life (e.g. iodine). Recent observations with both light and gravitational waves have demonstrated that at least some of these elements are formed through the merger of two neutron stars comma  but such a population struggles to reproduce the enrichment patterns seen in stars within the Milky Way as well apparent early enrichment in some dwarf galaxies. Instead comma  recent work implies that the accretion disks formed in the stellar collapse that powers a long duration gamma-ray burst could in-fact be a dominant site. If this is true we should be able to observe r-process synthesis in the associated supernovae. The presence of lanthanides in r-process material creates strong opacity comma  such that the signature of their synthesis should be a late time infrared component visible in the supernova light. Here we propose sensitive HST observations that will search for both spectroscopic and photometric evidence of the r-process comma  providing the opportunity to test comma  for the first time comma  if collapsars are responsible for heavy element production.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284242.09fu
title: SH1284242.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-s6p7qgz
title: 17257

description: Observations of two astronomical targets with the G800L+POLV polarizers are required for base calibrationdoublePoint one unpolarized (null) standard to measure any instrumental polarization effects  one object of known polarization characteristics to measure the polarization efficiency coefficient comma  and establish the absolute polarization scale and the polarization position angle fiducial point. This is part III of the campaign comma  in which the unpolarized standard is observed at a spacecraft roll angle that is virgul135 degrees rotation from the very first observation of the unpolarized standard. This helps to remove a degeneracy in the instrumentlal polarization position angle.  The unpolarized white dwarf G191-B2B is our primary null calibrator for the ACS comma  and has a long legacy of observations using the WFC and HRC for imaging polarimetry. This heritage ensures continuity between the spectro- and imaging polarimetry. It will assist in cross-calibration of the F775W+POLV combination comma  due to concerns about the polarimetry ground test data beyond 0.8 microns (see comma  e.g. comma  Walsh 2001 comma  ACS ISR 2001-01).
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284243.09fu
title: SH1284243.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-s6pyhu7
title: 16894

description: On behalf of the EHT.s Multiwavelength (MWL) Working Group comma  we propose a joint campaign on M87* coordinated in part with EHTdoublePoint 50 ks XMM-Newton comma  4 orbits Hubble comma   and  50 ks NuSTAR. These observations will improve constraints on (1) the SED of M87* and its particle acceleration processes comma  as well as (2) the variability of the famous jet across the electromagnetic spectrum.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-s9jgu4h
title: 16271

description: The Lyman continuum (LyC = hydrogen-ionizing radiation at wavelengths < 912 Ang) of galaxies plays a fundamental role in determining the physical and observational properties of the ISM and IGM comma  including cosmic reionization. Yet it is basically inaccessible to direct observations comma  and one therefore heavily relies on theoretical comma  yet untested predictions from synthesis models. Furthermore the ionizing spectra differ significantly between different models comma  with important implications on widely used emission line diagnostics and other observables. We here propose to observe for the first time the shape of the ionizing continuum of several star-forming galaxies shortward of (from virgul600 to 912 Angstroem) and across the Lyman break. This can be achieved with COS by targeting LyC emitters at zvirgul0.6-0.8. The observations will measure for the first time stellar and nebular emission features in the LyC comma  and thus provide the first direct constraints for stellar population models in this spectral range. The proposed observations will provide unique insight on the hardness of the ionizing spectra of star-forming galaxies comma  with numerous possible implications on our understanding of the emission line properties of distant galaxies comma  sources of cosmic reionization comma  emission line diagnostics comma  and related topics.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284244.09fu
title: SH1284244.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-s9uzs9o
title: 16770

description: We request 4 orbits of HST STIS and COS observations of comet 67P-Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P) during its close approach to Earth to obtain large-scale coma measurements for direct comparison with the localized Rosetta spacecraft results. We will measure the bulk production rates (mol-s) of the main volatiles (H2O comma  CO2 comma  and CO) comma  search for extended sources of volatiles in the coma comma  and investigate the sulphur chemistry of 67P. HST.s sensitivity and spectroscopic abilities in the Far Ultraviolet make it uniquely capable to simultaneously measure the Far-Ultraviolet atomic and molecular emission of chemically coupled or otherwise interdependent species in the 100-15 comma 000 km of the coma (i.e. CS comma  S comma  and S2   CO comma  CO2+ and OH). Observations that can connect the results for the inner coma with that of fragment species more typically observed at scales of 1000s of km (A.Hearn 2017) are essential to interpret large surveys of chemical abundances of comets. The details of how comets formed still need to be worked out by the modellers comma  but we need to make sure that the inputs for those models have had observational biases removed.  The observation should be executed between October 14 and December 20 comma  2021 comma  which brackets the close approach of the comet to Earth on November 2 at 0.42 au.  We plan to dedicate two consecutive orbits for exposures with STIS G230L exposures comma  and two consecutive orbits for exposures with COS G160M.  The STIS exposures and COS exposures should be executed within one week.  For the STIS observations comma  we request that the slit orientation is aligned within 30 deg perpendicular to the sun-comet direction comma  which is allowed by the HST roll angle range during our observing window.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-saa53ji
title: 16512

description: The WFC3-IR detector photometric sensitivity is typically characterized by the measurement of isolated comma  standard spectrophotometric white dwarf stars.  To supplement those observations comma  we seek to measure fluxes of hundreds of stars in stellar clusters over time comma  to achieve higher precision than using a single star.  In this program comma  we propose to repeat observations from previous observations of M4 (Program 14725) to mitigate effects from different observation configurations.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284245.09fu
title: SH1284245.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-sdbdupp
title: 16241

description: Nearby powerful AGN provide the best way to understand the growth of supermassive black holes and their effect on galaxies. The Swift-BAT 105-month survey comma  with its all-sky coverage that is insensitive to obscuration up to Compton-thick levels comma  provides the largest comma  most complete sample of local (z<0.1) powerful AGN. These AGN have similar luminosities to the distant AGN typically found in deep comma  pencil-beam Chandra surveys and are thus a critical nearby template for luminous high-redshift AGN.  Despite containing the most luminous nearby AGN comma  only five have have been imaged in the NUV. We propose a snapshot (SNAP) near UV survey (NUV comma  <3000A) in the F225W filter of the 124 nearest and X-ray brightest AGN with black hole mass measurements from broad line Hbeta with existing V or I-band HST imaging. These sources only have NUV imaging with Swift-UVOT or XMM-Newton-OM where the spatial-resolution is 30x coarser and thus nuclear star formation and PSF emission are impossible to accurately separate. These virgul100 pc resolution observations will resolve the power output of local AGN and study the link of nuclear star formation with AGN activity.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284246.09fu
title: SH1284246.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-shtnu5m
title: 16782

description: There should be virgul100 million black holes (BHs) in our Galaxy comma  of which the majority should be single. Yet there has been no unambiguous detection of a solitary BH--not surprisingly comma  since they emit essentially no radiation. Astrometric microlensing--the relativistic deflection of light from a background star--is the only technique that can detect isolated BHs. HST has demonstrated its capability to measure such tiny deflections.  A multi-year HST program of precision astrometry of long-duration microlensing events in the Galactic bulge is underway comma  aimed at the first detection of isolated BHs. This program has achieved clear detections of deflections in two events comma  consistent with non-luminous massive lenses. However comma  the timing of the observations was sub-optimal due to some guide-star failures and the HST gyro failure in 2018. As a result comma  there remains a degeneracy between deflection comma  parallax comma  and proper motion  an unusually slow-moving low-mass lens remains a possibility.  One more observation of these two targets will resolve this degeneracy. Observations of another event had to be abandoned when HST revealed a blended source. Because of the 2018 HST gyro failure comma  initiation of two new events had to be delayed until 2019. These events are still ongoing and need a total of five orbits for completion. One of the BH candidate sources is extremely red comma  which can be best explained by a shell around the putative BH. A 1-orbit STIS spectrum comma  and a final WFC3 image in Cycle 29 comma  will test this hypothesis. Thus a total of 9 orbits (7 in Cycle 28 and 2 in Cycle 29) are needed to achieve the original objectives of the program comma  and to confirm the potentially exciting findings.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-sjeu85v
title: 16581

description: Observations of the wavelength calibrator WR-14. The target is placed near the center of each CHIP for continuing monitoring of calibration at these locations. The target is also placed at a previously observed position on CHIP2 to compare with previous wavelength solutions. The exposure times are 0.5s for the imaging comma  2.5s for the G280 exposures.   Minitoring positions (POSTARGS) aredoublePoint CORCHETE_OPEN0 30CORCHETE_CLOSE - CHIP 1 CORCHETE_OPEN0 -49CORCHETE_CLOSE - CHIP 2  Additional position (POSTARGS) isdoublePoint   CORCHETE_OPEN60 -49CORCHETE_CLOSE - CHIP 2
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284247.09fu
title: SH1284247.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-slqsozs
title: 16929

description: Long-period comet nuclei are volatile rich products of accretion in the protoplanetary disk of the Sun comma  preserved at about 10 K in the Oort cloud. They include some of the most primitive macroscopic objects in the solar system. We now know that comet nuclei spontaneously and suddenly disintegrate and that disintegration probably dominates sublimation as the main destructive process operating on these bodies when in the inner solar system.   Crucially comma  disintegration may account for the long-recognized ''fading problem.. discovered by Oort in 1950doublePoint  comets fade because they fall apart comma  not because they run out of ice.   Unfortunately comma  our confidence that disintegration is important is not matched by an understanding of the process or its cause.  This is because disintegrations are unpredictable comma  sudden comma  and difficult to observe. Proposed models center around internal pressure build-up comma  explosion of amorphous ice comma  and centripetal disruption caused by outgassing torques comma  but we do not possess the high quality (resolution comma  sensitivity and temporal resolution) data needed to determine what is really happening.  C-2021 A1 began disintegration in early 2022 March comma  providing a rare opportunity to study a disintegration with the full power of HST.  We propose an efficient comma  4 orbit DDT observation comma  with 3 orbits scheduled early to assess the fragment field and measure size comma  velocity and acceleration distributions comma  and a single orbit in June to examine the distribution of material perpendicular to the orbit plane.   Only by obtaining this type of high resolution comma  high sensitivity comma  time-resolved data can we hope to characterize and understand cometary disintegration.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284248.09fu
title: SH1284248.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.