cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48443/tmkw-0070
title: Vegetation indices - spectrometer - mosaic (DP3.30026.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: The Vegetation Indices data product is a collection of five spectral indices: NDVI, EVI, ARVI, PRI and SAVI. These indices use regions of reflectance spectra known to be indicators of vegetation health, vegetation health in high LAI areas, vegetation health in lush and/or humid regions, and vegetation health in mixed soil and vegetation landcover areas. 

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is the normalized ratio of NIR and Red bands.  Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) is the normalized ratio of NIR and Red bands with corrections factors to minimize soil contribution. Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) is a ratio of NIR and Red bands that also includes the Blue channel for better aerosol characterization. The Photochemical Reflectance Index (PRI) is a normalized ratio of bands sensitive to xanthophyll pigments. The Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI) is a ratio of the NIR and Red bands which also leverages the Blue band to account for atmospheric effects.  

The indices are derived from NEON Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) Imaging Spectrometer (NIS) data collected in North-South oriented flight lines to reduce BRDF effects. These data are processed to orthorectified directional surface reflectance (DP1.30006.001) and then processed to the indices. The Level 3 product is distributed in 1 km by 1 km mosaic tiles using the most-nadir pixels from the original flight lines and is in geotiff format. Data are packaged into .zip files containing one geotiff (.tif) file for each index, and include estimated uncertainty (error) .tifs as well.

Latency:
AOP data are expected to be available 60 days after the final collection day at a site. Note: Data for airborne collections in 2022 and 2023 are currently being added to the data portal under a new revision number (DP2.30026.002), so will not be available here. Vegetation indices derived from directional reflectance will still be available for earlier collections (pre 2022) until they are re-processed with all of the latest reflectance corrections.
description: The Level 3 vegetation index data product is distributed in geotiff format in UTM projection and ITRF00 datum. Data are compressed into a single .zip files, which contains the tiled vegetation index representing a 1 km by 1 km area. The filename contains the coordinates for lower-left (south-west) corner of each tile. Instrumentation: NEON Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) Imaging Spectrometer (NIS) - NASA/JPL AVIRIS-NG
DOI: 10.48443/4xwg-p967
title: Surface water microbe community taxonomy (DP1.20141.002)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled laboratory data and metadata for NEON's bacterial, archaeal, and fungal community composition analysis derived from microbial sampling in lakes, rivers and streams. Taxon tables are derived from the 16S and ITS marker gene sequencing data product, NEON.DP1.20282.001. The DNA sequence data are processed using standard bioinformatics software to generate taxonomic data. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency: 
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information. 

mct\_sampleMetadata\_16S:  730 

mct\_sampleMetadata\_ITS:  730 

mct\_taxonTableLabSummary:  7
description: Surface water microbe samples are collected at the same time and location as surface water cell count samples and surface water chemistry samples, which occurs once per month in wadeable streams (12 times per year), and every other month in lakes and rivers (6 times per year). In wadeable streams, samples are collected near the downstream S2 sensor location. In lakes and rivers, samples are collected near the buoy sensor set at 1 sampling depth in unstratified systems and up to 3 depths in stratified lakes. Surface water grab samples are filtered on 0.22 um Sterivex capsule filters, capped and flash-frozen in the field. The filters are stored and shipped frozen to an analytical facility for DNA sequence analysis using primer sets targeting the small subunit of the ribosomal RNA gene. Sequence data undergo QAQC and are processed bioinformatically using an in-house pipeline to identify unique sequence variants in the data and to taxonomically identify each sequence variant. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/8g8n-e297
title: Soil physical and chemical properties, Megapit (DP1.00096.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: Soil properties affect the movement of water, heat and gases into and out of the soil. They also influence the availability of nutrients to plants and soil organisms and the production and stabilization of soil organic matter. Soil physical and chemical properties are measured by horizon from a single temporary soil "Megapit" at each terrestrial site at depths of up to 200 cm at non-permafrost sites (up to 300 cm at Alaskan sites). The Megapit sampling location is expected to be representative of the NEON sensor-based soil plots and this sampling activity is expected to occur once at each NEON terrestrial site.

Queries for this data product will return field collection metadata, soil taxonomy, bulk density, coarse fragment content, and particle size distribution, and a host of geochemical measurements on a per horizon basis. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and ATBDs listed in the Documentation section below. Associated with these data are soil pedon descriptions and photos. These documents can be found on the NEON Data Portal under the Resources section, or here: https://data.neonscience.org/megapit-info Additional soil samples collected from the same soil pit are archived in the [NEON Megapit Soil Archive](https://www.neonscience.org/samples/soil-archive) and are available upon request.

Latency:
Data were collected once, at the establishment of each site. Data were published within one year of collection, and future collections at existing sites are not expected
description: The Soil physical and chemical properties, Megapit data product is available at each terrestrial site. The soil pit location was chosen to be representative of the sensor-based Soil Plots based on soil type, vegetation and topography, as well as being accessible by a backhoe and outside the main measurement zone of other sensors. The soil pit is usually within a few hundred meters of the sensor-based Soil Plots and NEON tower. Soil samples were collected by soil horizon up to 200 cm at non-permafrost sites (up to 300 cm at Alaskan sites). Laboratory analyses were conducted at the Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory in Lincoln, Nebraska following the standard operating procedures outlined in the Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual, Report No. 42, Version 5, 2014. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/4fgr-vr81
title: Photosynthetically active radiation below water surface (DP1.20261.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: Photosynthetically active radiation below water is measured at 1 Hz at lake littoral sensor sets and twice per minute on buoys at lake and river sites. It is reported as 1-minute mean measurements and 30-minute mean values.

Latency: Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The littoral sensor sets measure PAR below water surface along with water level and temperature. The buoys, deployed at both lakes and rivers, are comprised of sensor sets which measure meteorological parameters over a water surface along with submerged sensors that measure physical and chemical parameters of the water body. Some of these sensors are unique to the buoy subsystem and others are shared with other NEON subsystems, such as the wadeable stream sensor sets or terrestrial towers. Due to power, space, and data storage constraints on the buoy, the configuration of sensors deployed on a buoy may be different than those in other parts of NEON. Instrumentation: LI-COR LI-192A underwater PAR sensor
DOI: 10.15468/dl.hqadxx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 697 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Chelus fimbriata"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 697 records from 100 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0005703-260120142942310/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31130032.v1
title: Dataset of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna Design Parameters and Performance Metrics for Machine Learning–Based Prediction and Optimization

description: This dataset contains numerical simulation data of rectangular microstrip antenna (RMSA) designs used for machine learning–based prediction and optimization of antenna performance. The data were generated using full-wave electromagnetic simulations and consist of geometrical, material, and feeding parameters as inputs, along with key antenna performance indicators as outputs.The dataset is intended to support research in surrogate modeling, data-driven antenna design, and hybrid optimization frameworks combining machine learning and meta-heuristic or reinforcement learning algorithms. All samples are generated under controlled simulation conditions to ensure consistency and reproducibility.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31130032
title: Dataset of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna Design Parameters and Performance Metrics for Machine Learning–Based Prediction and Optimization

description: This dataset contains numerical simulation data of rectangular microstrip antenna (RMSA) designs used for machine learning–based prediction and optimization of antenna performance. The data were generated using full-wave electromagnetic simulations and consist of geometrical, material, and feeding parameters as inputs, along with key antenna performance indicators as outputs.The dataset is intended to support research in surrogate modeling, data-driven antenna design, and hybrid optimization frameworks combining machine learning and meta-heuristic or reinforcement learning algorithms. All samples are generated under controlled simulation conditions to ensure consistency and reproducibility.
DOI: 10.48443/6vs1-wt10
title: Relative humidity and air temperature above water on-buoy (DP1.20271.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: Relative humidity and air temperature on buoys is measured every minute and is reported as 1-minute instantaneous measurements and 30-minute mean values. Other than the data collection frequency, this data product has the same data streams and processing as relative humidity and air temperature measured at aquatic met stations and on the terrestrial instrument towers.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The buoys are comprised of sensor sets which measure meteorological parameters over a water surface along with submerged sensors that measure physical and chemical parameters of the water body. Some of these sensors are unique to the buoy subsystem and others are shared with other NEON subsystems, such as the wadeable stream sensor sets or terrestrial towers. Due to power, space, and data storage constraints on the buoy, the configuration of sensors deployed on a buoy may be different than those in other parts of NEON. Instrumentation: Vaisala HUMICAP Humidity and Temperature Probe - HMP 155
DOI: 10.48443/xv9v-1r95
title: High-resolution orthorectified camera imagery (DP1.30010.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: The digital camera is part of a suite of instruments on the NEON Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) that also includes a full-waveform, small-footprint LiDAR system and the NEON Imaging Spectrometer. In the orthorectification process, the digital imagery is remapped to the same geographic projection as the LiDAR and imaging spectrometer data that is acquired simultaneously. The resulting images will share the same map projection grid space as the orthorectified spectrometer and LiDAR imagery. Since the digital camera imagery is acquired at higher spatial resolution than the imaging spectrometer data, it can aid in identifying features in the spectrometer images including manmade features (e.g., roads, fence lines, and buildings) that are indicative of land-use change. Level 1 RGB camera images are distributed as one camera frame per GeoTIFF file.

Latency:
AOP data will be available 60 days after the final collection day at a site.
description: The Level 1 high-resolution RGB orthorectified camera imagery product is a single color camera frame in GeoTIFF raster data format in UTM projection and ITRF00 datum. Instrumentation: NEON Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) High Resolution Digital Camera – Optech Gemini
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g5rquy
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 13 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"within","geometry":"POLYGON ((88.89097 24.812449, 88.81361 24.806872, 88.738175 24.790279, 88.666541 24.763084, 88.600486 24.725963, 88.541645 24.679837, 88.491471 24.625852, 88.451194 24.565346, 88.421798 24.499816, 88.403992 24.430884, 88.398196 24.360249, 88.404532 24.289653, 88.422826 24.220832, 88.452609 24.155477, 88.493133 24.095191, 88.54339299999999 24.041449, 88.602149 23.995566, 88.667956 23.958664, 88.739203 23.931643, 88.81415 23.915163, 88.89097 23.909624, 88.96778999999999 23.915163, 89.042737 23.931643, 89.113984 23.958664, 89.17979099999999 23.995566, 89.238547 24.041449, 89.28880700000001 24.095191, 89.329331 24.155477, 89.35911400000001 24.220832, 89.377408 24.289653, 89.38374399999999 24.360249, 89.377948 24.430884, 89.360142 24.499816, 89.330746 24.565346, 89.290469 24.625852, 89.240295 24.679837, 89.181454 24.725963, 89.115399 24.763084, 89.04376499999999 24.790279, 88.96832999999999 24.806872, 88.89097 24.812449))"},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 13 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0005706-260120142942310/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48443/6n5z-z564
title: Macroinvertebrate metabarcoding (DP1.20126.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's aquatic Macroinvertebrate metabarcoding sampling protocol, as well as associated metadata provided by a contracted lab. Benthic field samples are collected in wadeable streams, rivers, and lakes, three times per year during the growing season using the type of sampler most suitable to the habitat types present at the site. Samples are preserved in ethanol in the field and shipped to a contracting lab for analysis. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Queries for this data product return a downloadable data package with laboratory methods and DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and sequencing metadata for samples from the queried sites and date range. Queries for the expanded package will also include a table containing links to the raw sequence data files.

Latency:
The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

inv_fieldData:  30

inv_dnaExtraction:  240

inv_markerGeneSequencing:  240

inv_pcrAmplification:  240

inv_dnaRawDataFiles:  240

inv_metabarcodeTaxonomy:  240

inv_metabarcodeTaxonList:  240

inv_metabarcodeSummary:  240

inv_dnaStandardTaxon:  240

inv_dnaExtractionStandard:  240

inv_markerGeneSequencingStandard:  240

inv_pcrAmplificationStandard:  240

inv_dnaRawDataFilesStandard:  240

inv_metabarcodeTaxonomyStandard: 240
description: Benthic macroinvertebrate metabarcoding samples are collected three times per year at wadeable stream, river, and lake sites during aquatic biology bout windows, roughly in spring, summer, and fall, at the same time and location as morphological taxonomy samples. Samples are collected using the most appropriate sampler for the habitat type, including Surber, Hess, hand corer, modified kicknet, D-frame sweep, and petite ponar samplers using field-sterile methods. In wadeable streams, samples are collected in the most dominant habitat type (e.g. riffles, runs, pools, step pools). In lakes and rivers, samples are collected in littoral areas using a D-frame sweep. Samples collected during the mid-summer sampling bout (Bout 2) are sent to an external facility for homogenization and high-throughput sequencing. Samples collected during the spring and fall (Bout 1 and Bout 3) are preserved in ethanol and shipped to the NEON Biorepository for archiving. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.48443/rmw1-me46
title: Mosquitoes sampled from CO2 traps (DP1.10043.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: This data product contains the quality-controlled, native sampling resolution data from NEON's mosquito sampling protocol. Mosquito abundance and diversity are sampled at regular intervals by NEON field technicians at all terrestrial sites. For additional details on protocol, see the TOS Protocol and Procedure: Mosquito Sampling. Following collection, all samples are sent to a professional taxonomist who determines the species composition and sex of mosquitoes from a representative subsample. Identified mosquitoes are then processed for pathogen analysis or preserved for final archiving. Products resulting from this sampling and processing include: records of when mosquitoes were sampled, taxonomic and abundance data for a subset of mosquitoes captured, and information about the material archived from the sample. For additional details, see the user guide, protocols, and science design listed in the Documentation section in this data product's details webpage.

Latency: The expected time from data and/or sample collection in the field to data publication is as follows, for each of the data tables (in days) in the downloaded data package. See the Data Product User Guide for more information.

mos_archivepooling: 360

mos_barcoding: 420

mos_expertTaxonomistIDProcessed: 240

mos_expertTaxonomistIDRaw: 240

mos_sorting: 240

mos_subsampling: 360

mos_trapping: 30

mos_identificationHistory: 7
description: When adult mosquitoes are active, sampling occurs (via CDC light traps) every two weeks at core sites and every four weeks at gradient sites. Before 2018, a sampling bout consisted of two trapping nights and the intervening day for up to ten plots per site. Beginning in 2018, a sampling bout consists of approximately 24 hours of trapping (one night and one daytime interval) at up to ten plots per site. Instrumentation:
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xy6zar
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"within","geometry":"POLYGON ((-89.94799999999999 16.601824, -90.021297 16.596249, -90.092778 16.579661, -90.160669 16.552472, -90.223293 16.515356, -90.2791 16.469231, -90.32671499999999 16.41524, -90.36496699999999 16.354717, -90.392922 16.289158, -90.409898 16.220181, -90.41548899999999 16.149487, -90.40957 16.078818, -90.392298 16.009913, -90.364109 15.944465, -90.325706 15.884082, -90.27803900000001 15.830246, -90.222284 15.784277, -90.159811 15.747301, -90.09215399999999 15.720224, -90.02096899999999 15.703708, -89.94799999999999 15.698157, -89.87503100000001 15.703708, -89.80384599999999 15.720224, -89.736189 15.747301, -89.673716 15.784277, -89.61796099999999 15.830246, -89.570294 15.884082, -89.531891 15.944465, -89.503702 16.009913, -89.48643 16.078818, -89.48051100000001 16.149487, -89.486102 16.220181, -89.503078 16.289158, -89.53103299999999 16.354717, -89.56928499999999 16.41524, -89.6169 16.469231, -89.672707 16.515356, -89.735331 16.552472, -89.80322200000001 16.579661, -89.874703 16.596249, -89.94799999999999 16.601824))"},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 3 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0005705-260120142942310/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48443/eedz-8e38
title: Shortwave radiation (primary pyranometer) (DP1.00022.001)
title: RELEASE-2026

description: Total incoming solar shortwave radiation, available as one- and thirty-minute averages of 1 Hz observations. Shortwave radiation is composed of ultraviolet, visible, and a portion of infra-red wavelengths. Total shortwave radiation, also called global radiation, is the incendent shortwave solar radiation (direct and diffuse) received on a horizontal plane at the Earth's surface.

Latency:
Data collected in any given month are published during the second full week of the following month.
description: The primary pyranometer is housed in a heated and aspirated ventilation unit at the top of the tower infrastructure. Instrumentation: Kipp and Zonen CMP22 Pyranometer