DOI: 10.3886/icpsr39510
title: Development of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric Sleep Health Item Banks [Methods Study], United States, 2014-2018
title: Archival Version

description: Healthy sleep is important for a child's well-being, school performance, and mood. Doctors can ask children about their sleep health to identify and treat sleep problems. However, few reliable surveys are available for doctors to use to ask children about their sleep.
In this study, the research team created sets of survey questions that asked children or their parents about sleep health. The team interviewed children and their parents to make sure they could understand the questions and that the questions included sleep health topics important to them.
description: To use qualitative and quantitative methods to develop survey questions and to evaluate the reliability and validity of Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) item banks that measure children's sleep health
description: Although substantial evidence supports the importance of sleep to children's health, there are no widely used measures of sleep health based on self-report by children or reports from parents. In this study, the research team developed item banks of survey questions to measure children's sleep health. An item bank is a collection of survey questions about a specific topic. During the development process, the team collaborated with children with sleep problems, their parents, sleep-medicine clinicians, sleep-health advocates, and measure-development researchers.
The research team took questions from two PROMIS item banks that measure adults' sleep disturbance and sleep-related impairment. The team then adapted the questions for children and parents. To identify any important sleep concepts missing from the adapted questions, the team interviewed 33 parents of children with sleep problems, 28 children with sleep problems, and 8 sleep-medicine experts. The team also reviewed the literature to find other patient-reported outcome survey questions that measure children's sleep health.
Next, the team asked 21 parents and 32 children to review the survey questions in the item banks. If survey questions were confusing or not interpreted as intended, the team revised or deleted the questions from the item banks. Then the team created two versions of each item bank, one with questions for children about their own sleep and one with questions for parents about their children's sleep.
Using the questions from the item banks, the research team developed a survey and administered it to 2,676 children ages 5-17 and 3,197 parents. These children and parents were from a national online panel that included a general population of children and their parents, children with sleep problems and their parents, and children with chronic conditions that might affect their sleep health and their parents.
To identify the best questions to measure sleep health and to evaluate the questions' validity and reliability, the research team used item-response theory. The team also evaluated the validity of the item banks by comparing the sleep scores that resulted with other indicators of patients' sleep quality in patients known to have sleep problems. To further evaluate the validity of the measures, the team compared sleep scores for the general population with scores for children with sleep problems and children with chronic conditions, which can cause sleep problems.
description: Datasets: 
DS1: Development of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Pediatric Sleep Health Item Banks [Methods Study], United States, 2014-2018
description: Parents of children with sleep problems, children with sleep problems, and sleep medicine experts.