cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11298677
title: Acceptability of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (i-CBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a systematic review

description: <b>Background</b>: Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (i-CBT) offers potential as an alternative, accessible, clinically and cost-effective treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but little is known about its acceptability. <b>Objective</b>: To review the available evidence to understand the acceptability of i-CBT for PTSD. <b>Method</b>: We undertook a mixed-methods systematic review according to Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines, of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of i-CBT for adults with PTSD. We examined included studies for measures of acceptability, and possible proxy indicators of acceptability, including dropout rates, which were meta-analysed as risk ratios (RRs). <b>Results</b>: Ten studies with 720 participants were included. We found i-CBT to be acceptable according to specific acceptability measures, and suggestions for acceptability according to some proxy measures of i-CBT programme usage. There was, however, evidence of greater dropout from i-CBT than waitlist (RR 1.39, CI 1.03–1.88; 8 studies; participants = 585) and no evidence of a difference in dropout between i-CBT and i-non-CBT (RR 2.14, CI 0.97–4.73; participants = 132; 2 studies). <b>Conclusion</b>: i-CBT appears a potentially acceptable intervention for adults with PTSD. We identified clinical and research questions, including the status of proxy indicators, and call for standardised, consistent treatment acceptability measurement. • A review of acceptability of internet-delivered CBT (i-CBT) for PTSD.• I-CBT is a potentially acceptable psychological treatment for PTSD.• Small number of studies limits generalisability of findings.• Standardised, consistent acceptability measurement is needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11298677.v3
title: Acceptability of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (i-CBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a systematic review

description: <b>Background</b>: Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (i-CBT) offers potential as an alternative, accessible, clinically and cost-effective treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but little is known about its acceptability. <b>Objective</b>: To review the available evidence to understand the acceptability of i-CBT for PTSD. <b>Method</b>: We undertook a mixed-methods systematic review according to Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines, of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of i-CBT for adults with PTSD. We examined included studies for measures of acceptability, and possible proxy indicators of acceptability, including dropout rates, which were meta-analysed as risk ratios (RRs). <b>Results</b>: Ten studies with 720 participants were included. We found i-CBT to be acceptable according to specific acceptability measures, and suggestions for acceptability according to some proxy measures of i-CBT programme usage. There was, however, evidence of greater dropout from i-CBT than waitlist (RR 1.39, CI 1.03–1.88; 8 studies; participants = 585) and no evidence of a difference in dropout between i-CBT and i-non-CBT (RR 2.14, CI 0.97–4.73; participants = 132; 2 studies). <b>Conclusion</b>: i-CBT appears a potentially acceptable intervention for adults with PTSD. We identified clinical and research questions, including the status of proxy indicators, and call for standardised, consistent treatment acceptability measurement. • A review of acceptability of internet-delivered CBT (i-CBT) for PTSD.• I-CBT is a potentially acceptable psychological treatment for PTSD.• Small number of studies limits generalisability of findings.• Standardised, consistent acceptability measurement is needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11294930
title: Psychometric evaluation of the Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ)

description: <b>Background:</b> Nightmares are a widespread phenomenon. In comparison to the general population, they occur in mentally ill and especially in traumatized individuals with an increased frequency. Despite the high prevalence, there is no short questionnaire in the German language that is able to characterize nightmares, to differentiate between different nightmare types and to assess their impact on daytime functioning. <b>Objective:</b> The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ) has been developed as a short self-rating instrument to fill this gap. <b>Method:</b> Psychometric characteristics of the HNQ were evaluated in a sample of 707 German soldiers passing through the standard diagnostics of the Center for Mental Health at the German Armed Forces Hospital Hamburg. <b>Results:</b> The results of this study show satisfactory psychometric characteristics as a sound factorial structure and adequate internal consistency for the HNQ as well as initial indications of the construct validity of its subscales. <b>Conclusions:</b> The HNQ is a reliable and economic tool for the assessment of posttraumatic nightmares in clinical as well as research settings. • The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HAFB) is a new and short assessment tool for nightmares in clinical and research settings.• HAFB assesses frequency and duration of nightmare occurrence.• HAFB subscales cover the areas of emotional (e.g. fear) and psychophysiological (e.g. heart racing) reactions, dream content, reorientation after awakening and clarity of dream recall.• HAFB measures impairment in areas of everyday functioning such as family life or physical performance resulting from nightmares.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11294930.v3
title: Psychometric evaluation of the Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ)

description: <b>Background:</b> Nightmares are a widespread phenomenon. In comparison to the general population, they occur in mentally ill and especially in traumatized individuals with an increased frequency. Despite the high prevalence, there is no short questionnaire in the German language that is able to characterize nightmares, to differentiate between different nightmare types and to assess their impact on daytime functioning. <b>Objective:</b> The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ) has been developed as a short self-rating instrument to fill this gap. <b>Method:</b> Psychometric characteristics of the HNQ were evaluated in a sample of 707 German soldiers passing through the standard diagnostics of the Center for Mental Health at the German Armed Forces Hospital Hamburg. <b>Results:</b> The results of this study show satisfactory psychometric characteristics as a sound factorial structure and adequate internal consistency for the HNQ as well as initial indications of the construct validity of its subscales. <b>Conclusions:</b> The HNQ is a reliable and economic tool for the assessment of posttraumatic nightmares in clinical as well as research settings. • The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HAFB) is a new and short assessment tool for nightmares in clinical and research settings.• HAFB assesses frequency and duration of nightmare occurrence.• HAFB subscales cover the areas of emotional (e.g. fear) and psychophysiological (e.g. heart racing) reactions, dream content, reorientation after awakening and clarity of dream recall.• HAFB measures impairment in areas of everyday functioning such as family life or physical performance resulting from nightmares.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11298677.v2
title: Acceptability of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (i-CBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a systematic review

description: <b>Background</b>: Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (i-CBT) offers potential as an alternative, accessible, clinically and cost-effective treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but little is known about its acceptability. <b>Objective</b>: To review the available evidence to understand the acceptability of i-CBT for PTSD. <b>Method</b>: We undertook a mixed-methods systematic review according to Cochrane Collaboration Guidelines, of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of i-CBT for adults with PTSD. We examined included studies for measures of acceptability, and possible proxy indicators of acceptability, including dropout rates, which were meta-analysed as risk ratios (RRs). <b>Results</b>: Ten studies with 720 participants were included. We found i-CBT to be acceptable according to specific acceptability measures, and suggestions for acceptability according to some proxy measures of i-CBT programme usage. There was, however, evidence of greater dropout from i-CBT than waitlist (RR 1.39, CI 1.03–1.88; 8 studies; participants = 585) and no evidence of a difference in dropout between i-CBT and i-non-CBT (RR 2.14, CI 0.97–4.73; participants = 132; 2 studies). <b>Conclusion</b>: i-CBT appears a potentially acceptable intervention for adults with PTSD. We identified clinical and research questions, including the status of proxy indicators, and call for standardised, consistent treatment acceptability measurement. • A review of acceptability of internet-delivered CBT (i-CBT) for PTSD.• I-CBT is a potentially acceptable psychological treatment for PTSD.• Small number of studies limits generalisability of findings.• Standardised, consistent acceptability measurement is needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11294930.v2
title: Psychometric evaluation of the Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ)

description: <b>Background:</b> Nightmares are a widespread phenomenon. In comparison to the general population, they occur in mentally ill and especially in traumatized individuals with an increased frequency. Despite the high prevalence, there is no short questionnaire in the German language that is able to characterize nightmares, to differentiate between different nightmare types and to assess their impact on daytime functioning. <b>Objective:</b> The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HNQ) has been developed as a short self-rating instrument to fill this gap. <b>Method:</b> Psychometric characteristics of the HNQ were evaluated in a sample of 707 German soldiers passing through the standard diagnostics of the Center for Mental Health at the German Armed Forces Hospital Hamburg. <b>Results:</b> The results of this study show satisfactory psychometric characteristics as a sound factorial structure and adequate internal consistency for the HNQ as well as initial indications of the construct validity of its subscales. <b>Conclusions:</b> The HNQ is a reliable and economic tool for the assessment of posttraumatic nightmares in clinical as well as research settings. • The Hamburg Nightmare Questionnaire (HAFB) is a new and short assessment tool for nightmares in clinical and research settings.• HAFB assesses frequency and duration of nightmare occurrence.• HAFB subscales cover the areas of emotional (e.g. fear) and psychophysiological (e.g. heart racing) reactions, dream content, reorientation after awakening and clarity of dream recall.• HAFB measures impairment in areas of everyday functioning such as family life or physical performance resulting from nightmares.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11298632
title: Childhood trauma and the role of self-blame on psychological well-being after deployment in male veterans

description: <b>Background</b>: Childhood trauma and combat-related trauma are both associated with decreased psychosocial functioning. Coping strategies play an important role in the adjustment to traumatic events. <b>Objective</b>: The present study examined childhood trauma and the mediating role of coping strategies in adult psychological symptoms in a non-clinical military population after deployment to Afghanistan. Additionally, the moderating role of coping strategies in vulnerability to combat events was explored. <b>Method</b>: Participants (<i>N</i> = 932) were drawn from a prospective study assessing psychological complaints (SCL-90), early trauma (ETISR-SF), combat-related events and coping strategies (Brief COPE). Mediation analyses via joint significance testing and moderation analyses were performed. <b>Results</b>: Childhood trauma is related to adult symptoms of general anxiety, depression and problems concerning interpersonal sensitivity through the mediation of self-blame as a coping strategy. Some evidence was found that self-blame moderated vulnerability to combat-related events resulting in psychological complaints, specifically symptoms of anxiety and depression. <b>Conclusions</b>: Military personnel should be made aware of self-criticizing maladaptive belief systems when dealing with aversive events. Negative beliefs about oneself and distorted trauma-related cognitions may have a basis in childhood events. Self-blame cognitions may be a potential mechanism of change in empirically supported trauma interventions such as cognitive processing therapy. • Childhood trauma is related to adult psychological symptoms.• Self-blame as a coping strategy is a mediator between early trauma and adult. psychological symptoms• Self-criticizing maladaptive belief systems and active coping may be important targets for those exposed to combat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11298632.v3
title: Childhood trauma and the role of self-blame on psychological well-being after deployment in male veterans

description: <b>Background</b>: Childhood trauma and combat-related trauma are both associated with decreased psychosocial functioning. Coping strategies play an important role in the adjustment to traumatic events. <b>Objective</b>: The present study examined childhood trauma and the mediating role of coping strategies in adult psychological symptoms in a non-clinical military population after deployment to Afghanistan. Additionally, the moderating role of coping strategies in vulnerability to combat events was explored. <b>Method</b>: Participants (<i>N</i> = 932) were drawn from a prospective study assessing psychological complaints (SCL-90), early trauma (ETISR-SF), combat-related events and coping strategies (Brief COPE). Mediation analyses via joint significance testing and moderation analyses were performed. <b>Results</b>: Childhood trauma is related to adult symptoms of general anxiety, depression and problems concerning interpersonal sensitivity through the mediation of self-blame as a coping strategy. Some evidence was found that self-blame moderated vulnerability to combat-related events resulting in psychological complaints, specifically symptoms of anxiety and depression. <b>Conclusions</b>: Military personnel should be made aware of self-criticizing maladaptive belief systems when dealing with aversive events. Negative beliefs about oneself and distorted trauma-related cognitions may have a basis in childhood events. Self-blame cognitions may be a potential mechanism of change in empirically supported trauma interventions such as cognitive processing therapy. • Childhood trauma is related to adult psychological symptoms.• Self-blame as a coping strategy is a mediator between early trauma and adult. psychological symptoms• Self-criticizing maladaptive belief systems and active coping may be important targets for those exposed to combat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11303654.v1
title: A preliminary investigation of rare variants associated with genetic risk for PTSD in a natural disaster-exposed adolescent sample

description: <b>Background</b>: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) involves a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. Numerous studies have demonstrated genetic variation associated with the development of PTSD, primarily in adults. However, the contribution of low frequency and rare genetic variants to PTSD is unknown to date. Moreover, there is limited work on genetic risk for PTSD in child and adolescent populations. <b>Objective</b>: This preliminary study aimed to identify the low frequency and rare genetic variation that contributes to PTSD using an exome array. <b>Method</b>: This post-disaster, adolescent sample (n = 707, 51% females, <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 14.54) was assessed for PTSD diagnosis and symptom count following tornado exposure. <b>Results</b>: Gene-based models, covarying for ancestry principal components, age, sex, tornado severity, and previous trauma identified variants in four genes associated with diagnosis and 276 genes associated with symptom count (at <i>p</i><sub>adj</sub> &lt; .001). Functional class analyses suggested an association with variants in the nonsense class (nonsynonymous variant that results in truncation of, and usually non-functional, protein) with both outcomes. An exploratory gene network pathway analysis showed a great number of significant genes involved in brain and immune function, illustrating the usefulness of downstream examination of gene-based findings that may point to relevant biological processes. <b>Conclusions</b>: While further investigation in larger samples is warranted, findings align with extant PTSD literature that has identified variants associated with biological conditions such as immune function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11295521
title: A latent profile analysis of moral injury appraisals in refugees

description: <b>Background</b>: Refugees often exhibit reactions to traumatic events that may be conceptualized as moral injury (i.e. the impact of events that violate important moral values). There have been two types of moral injury appraisals found in refugees: transgressions by others and transgressions by oneself. <b>Objective</b>: To examine whether these types of moral injury appraisals co-occur or whether one form is usually predominant. Additionally, to investigate what types of events (trauma, living difficulties) and outcomes (PTSD, depression, anger, suicidality) were associated with each moral injury appraisal profile. <b>Method</b>: Participants included 221 refugees and asylum seekers residing in Australia. Data was collected online, and via pen and paper. A latent profile analysis was used to identify profiles of moral injury appraisals. <b>Results</b>: Results indicated a three-profile solution: Moral Injury-Other (MI-O; 37.8%), Moral Injury Other + Self (MI-OS; 35.2%), and no moral injury (No-MI; 26.9%). MI-O and MI-OS were predicted by both trauma experience and living difficulties. MI-O and MI-OS were also associated with greater psychopathology across all outcome variables compared to No-MI. MI-OS was also associated with greater anger and depression, compared to the MI-O profile. <b>Conclusions</b>: The association between the moral injury appraisal profiles and traumatic events, living difficulties and psychopathology, will have important clinical implications. • Three moral injury appraisal profiles were found in a diverse refugee sample• One profile appraised moral violations as committed by others• One profile appraised moral violation as committed by others and themselves• Both profiles were predicted by both greater trauma and living difficulties• Both profiles were associated with greater psychopathology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11298632.v2
title: Childhood trauma and the role of self-blame on psychological well-being after deployment in male veterans

description: <b>Background</b>: Childhood trauma and combat-related trauma are both associated with decreased psychosocial functioning. Coping strategies play an important role in the adjustment to traumatic events. <b>Objective</b>: The present study examined childhood trauma and the mediating role of coping strategies in adult psychological symptoms in a non-clinical military population after deployment to Afghanistan. Additionally, the moderating role of coping strategies in vulnerability to combat events was explored. <b>Method</b>: Participants (<i>N</i> = 932) were drawn from a prospective study assessing psychological complaints (SCL-90), early trauma (ETISR-SF), combat-related events and coping strategies (Brief COPE). Mediation analyses via joint significance testing and moderation analyses were performed. <b>Results</b>: Childhood trauma is related to adult symptoms of general anxiety, depression and problems concerning interpersonal sensitivity through the mediation of self-blame as a coping strategy. Some evidence was found that self-blame moderated vulnerability to combat-related events resulting in psychological complaints, specifically symptoms of anxiety and depression. <b>Conclusions</b>: Military personnel should be made aware of self-criticizing maladaptive belief systems when dealing with aversive events. Negative beliefs about oneself and distorted trauma-related cognitions may have a basis in childhood events. Self-blame cognitions may be a potential mechanism of change in empirically supported trauma interventions such as cognitive processing therapy. • Childhood trauma is related to adult psychological symptoms.• Self-blame as a coping strategy is a mediator between early trauma and adult. psychological symptoms• Self-criticizing maladaptive belief systems and active coping may be important targets for those exposed to combat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11294852.v3
title: Sleep disturbance and intrusive memories after presenting to the emergency department following a traumatic motor vehicle accident: an exploratory analysis

description: <b>Background</b>: Sleep disturbances are common after traumatic events and have been hypothesized to be a risk factor in the development of psychopathology such as that associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). <b>Objective</b>: To assess the association between intrusive memories, a core clinical feature of PTSD, and self-reported sleep disturbance shortly after experiencing or witnessing a motor vehicle accident, and whether a brief behavioural intervention (trauma reminder cue and Tetris gameplay) reduced sleep disturbance post-trauma. <b>Method</b>: The exploratory analyses included 71 participants (mean age 39.66, standard deviation 16.32; 37 women, 52.1%) enrolled in a previously published proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial. Participants were recruited from the emergency department after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic motor vehicle accident. Intrusive memories were assessed with a daily paper-and-pen diary for one week post-trauma, and sleep disturbances with three questions from the Impact of Event Scale-Revised assessing problems initiating sleep, problems maintaining sleep and dreams about the event at one week and one month post-trauma. Missing data were imputed 15 times. <b>Results</b>: The total number of intrusive memories during the first week post-trauma suggested weak to moderate pooled intercorrelations with problems initiating and maintaining sleep. An ordinal regression using imputed data suggested that the intervention had no effect on sleep disturbances, while completers only analyses suggested an improvement in problems maintaining sleep at one week. <b>Conclusions</b>: This exploratory study suggested that experiencing early intrusive memories is related to sleep disturbances. Sleep disturbance might be a particularly important construct to assess in studies involving intrusive memories post-trauma. • Sleep disturbances are common after trauma.• We assessed the association between intrusive memories and sleep, and whether a brief behavioural intervention targeting intrusive memories (trauma reminder cue and Tetris gameplay) affected sleep post-trauma.• More intrusive memories post-trauma are potentially related to a greater severity of sleep disturbances.• The intervention had mixed effects on the experience of sleep disturbances.• Sleep disturbance might be a particularly important construct to assess in studies involving intrusive memories post-trauma.