DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7sqv9s51x
title: Temperature drives the evolutionary diversification of male harm in Drosophila melanogaster flies

description: Sexual selection often leads to sexual conflict via pre-copulatory
 (harassment) and/or copulatory (traumatic insemination) male harm to
 females, impacting population growth, adaptation and evolutionary rescue.
 Male harm mechanisms are diverse and taxonomically widespread, but we
 largely ignore what ecological factors modulate their
 diversification.  Here, we conducted experimental evolution under
 low- (20±4ºC), moderate- (24±4ºC) and high-temperature (28±4ºC) regimes in
 Drosophila melanogaster, a species with male harm via harassment and
 seminal fluid proteins (SFPs), to show that temperature drives the
 divergent evolution of sexual conflict. At the low-temperature regime,
 evolution resulted in reduced and less plastic harassment (i.e.
 pre-copulatory harm) while, at the high-temperature regime, it was
 characterized by responses in the seminal proteome driven by differential
 expression of SFPs.  Our results suggest that temperature can be
 key to understand the past diversification and future (global warming)
 evolution of sexual conflict, and the maintenance of genetic variation in
 male harm traits.
description: # Temperature drives the evolutionary diversification of male harm in
 Drosophila melanogaster flies
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7sqv9s51x](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.7sqv9s51x) ## Description of the data and file structure ### Files and variables #### File: DataBase\_EEL\_Londoño-Nieto\_et\_al\_2024.xlsx **Description:** This data file is used for analyses of: Reproductive success, survival, behavioural, PCA and proteomics analyses ##### Variables * "EEL" informs of average temperature of experimental evolution regime (20, 24, or 28ºC). - "Replica" informs of replica of experimental evolution treatment (A to L) - "Temp" informs of temperature treatments (20, 24 or 28°C) - "M_system" informs of mating system tratments (Monogamy or Polyandry). - "Adaptive_temp" informs if temperature treatment was part of the thermal regime of experimental evolution (Yes/No). - "Lifespan" is the absolute lifetime of each focal female with a maximun of 47,5 days. - "Event" informs if the data of "Lifespan" is right censored ("0") or not ("1"). "right censored" individuals are individuals that are taken into account for demographic analysis until the day they disappear. We included the females lost during manipulations as a "right censored" and also those who have not died at the end of the experiment (47.5 days). - "Courtship_rate" is the number of courtships experienced by each focal female per hour. - "Aggression_rate" is the number of male-male agressionss per hour. - "Rejections_rate" is the number of female rejections per hour. - "C" is the total number of courtships experienced by each focal female. - "R" is the total number of female rejections. - "C.R" is the number of rejections per courtship experienced by each focal female. Rejection rate per courtship was only calculated 30% of the observation time (when courtship rate was different from 0). - "Comp.1" informs the scores of the component 1 from the PCA - "Comp.2" informs the scores of the component 1 from the PCA - "Comp.3" informs the scores of the component 1 from the PCA - "Isoline" Informs of the isoline number of each individual focal fly. - "Proportionwt" is the reproductive success of focal males as the proportion of sired offspring vs. offspring sired by rival males. - "Peak Name" Informs of the name of each protein identified. - "Sfps_Uniprotlist" Informs if identified protein has been described as seminal fluid proteins (SFPs), based on a high-confidence SFPs reference list from Sepil et al 2019 and Wigby et al 2020. | "20°A1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica A and biological replica 1  | | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | "20°A1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica A and biological replica 1  | | "20°B1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica B and biological replica 1  | | "20°B1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica B and biological replica 1  | | "20°C1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica C and biological replica 1  | | "20°C1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica C and biological replica 1  | | "20°D1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica D and biological replica 1  | | "20°D1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica D and biological replica 1  | | "20°A2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica A and biological replica 2  | | "20°A2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica A and biological replica 2 | | "20°B2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica B and biological replica 2 | | "20°B2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica B and biological replica 2 | | "20°C2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica C and biological replica 2 | | "20°C2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica C and biological replica 2 | | "20°D2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica D and biological replica 2 | | "20°D2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica D and biological replica 2 | | "20°A3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica A and biological replica 3 | | "20°A3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica A and biological replica 3 | | "20°B3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica B and biological replica 3 | | "20°B3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica B and biological replica 3 | | "20°C3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica C and biological replica 3 | | "20°C3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica C and biological replica 3 | | "20°D3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica D and biological replica 3 | | "20°D3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 20º, from the experimental evolution replica D and biological replica 3 | | "24°E1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica E and biological replica 1  | | "24°E1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica E and biological replica 1  | | "24°F1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica F and biological replica 1  | | "24°F1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica F and biological replica 1  | | "24°G1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica G and biological replica 1  | | "24°G1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica G and biological replica 1  | | "24°H1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica H and biological replica 1  | | "24°H1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica H and biological replica 1  | | "24°E2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica E and biological replica 2  | | "24°E2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica E and biological replica 2 | | "24°F2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica F and biological replica 2 | | "24°F2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica F and biological replica 2 | | "24°G2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica G and biological replica 2 | | "24°G2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica G and biological replica 2 | | "24°H2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica H and biological replica 2 | | "24°H2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica H and biological replica 2 | | "24°E3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica E and biological replica 3 | | "24°E3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica E and biological replica 3 | | "24°F3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica F and biological replica 3 | | "24°F3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica F and biological replica 3 | | "24°G3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica G and biological replica 3 | | "24°G3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica G and biological replica 3 | | "24°H3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica H and biological replica 3 | | "24°H3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 24º, from the experimental evolution replica H and biological replica 3 | | "28°I1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica I and biological replica 1  | | "28°I1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica I and biological replica 1  | | "28°J1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica J and biological replica 1  | | "28°J1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica J and biological replica 1  | | "28°K1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica K and biological replica 1  | | "28°K1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica K and biological replica 1  | | "28°L1C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 248, from the experimental evolution replica L and biological replica 1  | | "28°L1T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica L and biological replica 1  | | "28°I2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica I and biological replica 2  | | "28°I2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica I and biological replica 2 | | "28°J2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica J and biological replica 2 | | "28°J2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica J and biological replica 2 | | "28°K2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica K and biological replica 2 | | "28°K2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica K and biological replica 2 | | "28°L2C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica L and biological replica 2 | | "28°L2T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica L and biological replica 2 | | "28°I3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica I and biological replica 3 | | "28°I3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica I and biological replica 3 | | "28°J3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica J and biological replica 3 | | "28°J3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica J and biological replica 3 | | "28°K3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica K and biological replica 3 | | "28°K3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica K and biological replica 3 | | "28°L3C" informs of proteins abundances of virgin males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica L and biological replica 3 | | "28°L3T" informs of proteins abundances of mated males treated at 28º, from the experimental evolution replica L and biological replica 3 | ## Code/software All analyses were performed usign RStudio (version 4.2.2)