DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1rn8pk0xs
title: Dataset for: Extent and types of gender-based discrimination against female medical students and physicians at five university hospitals in Germany – Results of an online survey

description: Objective: There is a gap in research on gender-based discrimination (GBD)
 in medical education and practice in Germany. This study therefore
 examines the extent and forms of GBD among female medical students and
 physicians in Germany. Causes, consequences and possible interventions of
 GBD are discussed. Methods: Female medical students (n=235) and female
 physicians (n=157) from five university hospitals in northern Germany were
 asked about their personal experiences with GBD in an online survey on
 self-efficacy expectations and individual perceptions of the “glass
 ceiling effect” using an open-ended question regarding their own
 experiences with GBD. The answers were analyzed by content analysis using
 inductive category formation and relative category frequencies. Results:
 From both interviewed groups, approximately 75% of each reported having
 experienced GBD. Their experiences fell into five main categories: sexual
 harassment with subcategories of verbal and physical, discrimination based
 on existing/possible motherhood with subcategories of structural and
 verbal, direct preference for men, direct neglect of women, and derogatory
 treatment based on gender. Conclusion: The study contributes to filling
 the aforementioned research gap. At the hospitals studied, GBD is a common
 phenomenon among both female medical students and physicians, manifesting
 itself in multiple forms. Transferability of the results beyond the
 hospitals studied to all of Germany seems plausible. Much is known about
 the causes, consequences and effective countermeasures against GBD. Those
 responsible for training and employers in hospitals should fulfill their
 responsibility by implementing measures from the set of empirically
 evaluated interventions.
description: Female medical students and physicians from five university
 hospitals in northern Germany were given an online open question
 concerning their personal experiences with gernderbased discrimination.
 The answers were evaluated by qualitative content analysis (Mayring) and
 by relative frequencies.
description: # Dataset for: Extent and types of gender-based discrimination against
 female medical students and physicians at five university hospitals in
 Germany - Results of an online survey *** The Dataset includes the case
 number, age and categorized answers to the online open question if the
 study participant had any personal experiences with gender-based
 discrimination. The Data was collected in 2019 at five university
 hospitals in northern Germany. The participants were female medical
 students and physicians. The evaluation was done according to Mayrings
 qualitative content analysis. The occurring categories were further
 summarized by relative frequencies. ## Description of the Data and file
 structure CASE = case number GROUP = Was the participant a medical student
 or physician? Age = age in years Kat0 = Was any kind of gender-based
 Discrimination reported? Kat1 = sexual harassment or sexist verbal attacks
 Kat1v = verbal harassment Kat1k = physical harassment Kat2 =
 discrimination due to possible or existing motherhood Kat2s = structural
 discrimination due to possible or existing motherhood Kat2v = verbal
 discrimination due to possible or existing motherhood Kat3 = direct
 preference of men Kat4 = direct disadvantaging of women Kat5 = degrading
 treatment due to gender Kat6 = no gender-based discrimination reported 0 /
 1 = category (not) applicable KA = no answer given