cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5443/11992
title: SX90 sonar data in the Beaufort Sea: 2014

description: The data set is composed of raw files recorded with the Kongsberg Maritime SX90 long-range, low frequency (20-30 kHz) fisheries sonar during the CCGS Amundsen 2014 summer expedition in the Beaufort Sea. The sonar transducer was lowered 2.5 feet below the hull through a gate-valve. The cylindrical 256-elements transducer allows both a horizontal and a vertical sound transmission, and the omni-directional sonar beam can be tilted from +10 to -60 degrees to scan a large portion of the water column. The raw acoustic data were saved onto an external drive and print screens of interesting targets (fish schools and/or marine mammals) were recorded.
description: Purpose: Environmental changes and the recent interest in offshore hydrocarbon resources have heightened the need for data and an understanding of aquatic ecosystem components in the Beaufort Sea/Mackenzie Shelf/Amundsen Gulf region. Here, the use of a fisheries sonar to detect and identify fish and marine mammals is investigated. In addition to the larger coverage relative to that of an echosounder, fisheries sonars allow detection of targets up to 1 m below the ocean surface and at distances of up to 2 km from the vessel, thereby reducing biases related to vessel. The fish component of this study aims at detecting Arctic cod aggregations near the surface using the SX90 sonar, and to document their distribution, size and migration patterns. The marine mammal component aims at assessing the effectiveness of the SX90 sonar to detect marine mammals at a distance from the vessel, and to establish acoustic recognition criteria.
description: Summary: Not applicable
DOI: 10.5443/12032
title: Cliff base, Nunaluk Spit 1952-1996, Ivvavik National Park, Yukon, northern Canada

description: Field work and airphoto studies were undertaken between 1953-1996 along the Yukon coast of the Beaufort Sea in Ivvavik National Park to determine coastal erosion rates, processes and hazards in relation to archeological and cultural heritage sites, many of which are concentrated along the coast in this region. The work was carried out on behalf of Parks Canada (Canadian Heritage, Western Arctic District, Inuvik) at Niakolik Point, Stokes Point, Catton Point/Ptarmigan Bay, Nunaluk Spit and Clarence Lagoon. Shoreline positions digitized from aerial photography (NAPL) and more recent satellite imagery to calculate coastline change rates at key representative sites in the region. This approach provides a general indication of how the coast has behaved under the range of climatic and oceanographic conditions which prevailed during the time intervals encompassed by the air photographs. For more information please refer to the datafiles entitled: CCIN12032_20150122_Nunaluk_Spit_cliff_base_YEAR_Extended_Metadata_FGDC.xml
description: Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the stability of the coastline, specifically the year-to-year variability in site conditions, erosion rates and shore-zone morphology, at five archaeological sites in Ivvavik National Park, Yukon.
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/12038
title: Cliff base, Stokes Point 1952 - 2006, Ivvavik National Park, Yukon, northern Canada

description: GSC Atlantic undertook an examination of coastal change in the immediate vicinity of the former Stokes Point DEW line site in support of clean-up operations and at the request of Parks Canada Agency (PCA) and the Environmental Studies Group (ESG) of the Royal Military College (RMC). Historical analysis of air photos was performed to determine the local rates of coastal change in the vicinity. The analysis involved scanning and georeferencing of air photos (1952, 1970, 1976, 1985, 1993 and 1997) using an IKONOS satellite image from 2006 as a base. The waterline and cliff lines were digitized and an automated procedure to measure changes at 25-50 m intervals along and between the digitized vectors was applied. For more information please refer to the datafiles entitled: CCIN12038_20150121_Stokes_Point_cliff_base_YEAR_Extended_Metadata_FGDC.xml
description: Purpose: The objective was to determine the degree to which a landfill site and associated debris was likely to remain protected from attack by waves and consequent erosion at the immediate vicinity of the former Stokes Point DEW line site.
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/1837
title: OASIS-CANADA-OOTI ASCOS: Atmospheric composition measured from the Oden Ice Breaker

description: Data were compiled in campaign mode and were obtained over the ice of the central Arctic Ocean north of Svalbard, using the OOTI (Out On The Ice) light mobile laboratory powered by a bank of 12 VDC batteries. Chemical variables were collected with instrumentation detailed below. Mercury (Hg): Gardis (atomic absorption spectroscopy) instrumentation displayed strong dependence of the cell desorption with battery voltage, thus data are not archived. Bromine monoxide (BrO): Data were collected by a hybrid MAXDOAS (multi-axis differential optical absorption spectrometer) which was built by the University of Heidelberg and Hoffmann Messtechnik GmbH with an integrated scan head designed by the University of Alaska Fairbanks. Bromine monoxide and oxygen dimer data were taken at variable temporal resolution depending on ambient light intensity and are all included in one file for the entire campaign. Surface Ozone (O3): 5 minutes averages are taken with 2B technology ozone monitor and all data have been archived in one combined data file. A record of GPS location of the measurements at one minute resolution is archived in one data file. Existing gaps in the data are due to poor ice conditions not permitting deployment over the ice, instrumentation maintenance or power interruption. This study was part of the FPO OASIS-CANADA program and ASCOS, Arctic Summer Cloud Ocean Study.
description: Purpose: Collecting information on atmospheric constituents for furthering understanding of atmospheric processes that control and affect the air composition, with focus on summer time Arctic surface ozone, elemental gaseous mercury and bromine monoxide. Data were collected as part of the ASCOS study 2008 over the ice in close proximity to the Oden icebreaker.
description: Summary: Data were compiled in campaign mode on the ice using the OOTI (Out On The Ice) light laboratory, consisting of instruments recording surface ozone, gaseous elemental Hg and BrO. The instrumentation was powered by a bank of 12 VDC batteries, and manually transported on the ice to a location close to open water. Ozone data collected were similar to those collected from coastal based stations for this season. BrO was detected only at concentrations close to the instrumental detection limit during two episodes.
DOI: 10.5443/623
title: Long-term monitoring of breeding activity of avian predators on Bylot Island, Nunavut

description: We are monitoring the nesting activity of Long-tailed Jaegers, Parasitic Jaegers, Glaucous Gulls, Snowy Owls and Rough-legged Hawks. We find nests through either systematic searches or opportunistically. All nests found are positioned with a GPS and revisited during the breeding period to determine laying date, clutch size, hatching date and fledging success. We also study their diet by collecting regurgitation pellets and prey remains at nests (2004-2008) and blood samples from adults and young for isotopic analysis (2007-2010, 2014). Abundance of these birds is also determine using visual counts from a vantage point (since 2004) and line transects (since 2007). For a sample of nests, young are banded at the nest, and occasionally adults as well. We also marked Snowy owls with satellite transmitters (2007, 2014) to track their migratory movements over a 2-year period. Automatic cameras are installed at some nests to monitor the activities and behaviour of these bird species.
description: Purpose: Predators may play a key role in the functioning of arctic tundra ecosystems and could potentially control the abundance of their prey. Avian predators, mostly raptors and seabirds, are the most diverse groups of predators in the Arctic and range from highly specialists to highly generalists. Measuring annual variation in their abundance is thus essential to understand trophic interactions in the tundra. Annual reproductive success sets the stage for an individual's contribution to the gene pool and is one of the determinants of population growth (or decline). It is governed by a depreciative process that starts with an initial investment of eggs and ends (from a northern perspective) with the fledging of young and their movement south during migration. The depreciation involves a cascade of interactions with the habitat (e.g. quantity and quality of forage), competitors, predators and parasites. In many areas, predation is the leading cause of nesting failure in birds, and thus nesting success is a major component of predator-prey interactions. Quantifying the annual variation in their diet (through blood samples or regurgitation pellets) according to the availability of their prey will also help us better understand trophic interactions in the tundra.
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/625
title: Long-term monitoring of graminoid primary production and goose grazing impact on plant communities on Bylot Island, Nunavut

description: We sample the production of graminoid plants (sedges and grasses) and measure the impact of goose grazing in wetlands at 3 wetland sites on Bylot Island every year. At each site, 12 new exclosures (1 m x 1 m x 50 cm high) made of chicken wire are installed in late June. At the end of the growing season in mid-August, we sample plant biomass by removing 20x20 cm plots in ungrazed and grazed areas (i.e. inside and outside exclosures). All live above-ground biomass is cut, sorted out by species and weighed dry. Use of the area by geese is monitored by counting feces on 1 x 10 m transects located near each exclosure every 2 weeks during the summer. We monitor the phenology of graminoids inside exclosures by counting flower heads and recording their stage every 2 week since 2005. We monitor the long-term impact of herbivores in wetlands with 18 permanent exclosures installed in 1994. Each exclosure excludes geese over a 4 m x 4 m area enclosed with chicken wire, and also excludes lemmings over a 2 m x 2 m area of the larger exclosure enclosed with smaller mesh welded wire. Graminoids and mosses inside these long-term exclosures are sampled at 5 to 8-year intervals. From 2007 to 2009, we also sampled the production of plants (sedges, grasses and dicotyledons) and measure the impact of goose grazing in mesic communities following the same methods as in wetlands. ** Data from the IPY years 2007-2009 are available for download. If data are downloaded and used for analyses, it would greatly be appreciated that the principal investigator be informed.
description: Purpose: Primary production is at the base of all terrestrial food webs and is a key parameter determining the length of food chains, and the abundance of herbivores and carnivores at higher trophic levels. It is therefore an important parameter to measure at field sites where important herbivore populations are present. In terrestrial ecosystem, primary production is measured by sampling the vegetation. We are interested into two aspects of the vegetation. First, standing crop, which can be defined as the amount of live abovebiomass present at a given time (usually at the peak of the growing season). Second, annual net primary production, which is the amount of vegetation biomass that has been produced over the course of a growing season. In annual plants, standing crop and annual net primary production are often very similar but in perennial, the two can differ considerably, as the standing crop can represent the amount of live plant biomass that has accumulated over several years. In all ecosystems, production can occur both above and belowground. However, because belowground is exceedingly difficult and time consuming to measure, we will be concerned only by aboveground production (usually, green biomass).
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/723
title: Long-term monitoring of breeding activity of Lapland longspur on Bylot Island, Nunavut

description: We are monitoring the nesting activity of Lapland Longspurs and other passerine birds. We find nests opportunistically during other routine work. Nests found are positioned with a GPS and revisited during the breeding period to determine laying date, clutch size, hatching date and fledging success. For a sample of nests, young are banded at the nest, and occasionally adults as well.
description: Purpose: The Lapland longspur is one of the most abundant and visible terrestrial songbird breeding in the Arctic. As other Arctic-nesting birds, they are constrained by a very short time period during which they can reproduce. Though the timing of hatch is critical for the growth and survival of young, even more crucial is the ability of longspurs to ensure that their nests survive until hatch. Nest predation is an important source of mortality for this bird especially when lemming abundance is low. Longspurs eggs are an alternative prey resource for the Arctic Fox , which preys primarily on lemmings. Alternately, when lemmings are abundant, the Arctic Fox will focus on lemmings, and longspurs may experience reduced predation pressure and increased nest success.
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/733
title: Small mammal monitoring at Fosheim Peninsula, Ellesmere Island

description: We monitor lemming abundance using four methods. (1) Dead trapping using snap-traps at 2 sites in early August; we cumulate 709 trap-nights at each site by trapping during 3 days (2007-2009). (2) Survey of lemming winter nests after snow-melt in late June using the line transect method (2007-2008). (3) Survey of lemming burrows within an area of 1 ha in late July (2008 only). (4) Survey of lemming runways using the line transect method in late July (2008 only).
description: Purpose: Monitoring of small mammal abundance
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/745
title: Monitoring of small mammal abundance at Alert, Nunavut

description: We monitor lemming abundance using snap-traps at 2 sites; we accumulate at least 50 trap-nights at each site annually by trapping during 3 days.
description: Purpose: Monitoring small mammal abundance
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/748
title: Breeding activity of avian predators on Herschel Island

description: We are monitoring the nesting activity of Snowy Owls, Rough-legged Hawks, Peregrine Falcon, Short-eared Owls, and Long-tailed Jaegers. We find nests through either systematic searches or opportunistically. All nests found are positioned with a GPS and revisited during the breeding period to determine laying date, clutch size, hatching date and fledging success. We also study their diet by collecting regurgitation pellets and prey remains at nests and blood samples from adults and young for isotopic analysis. Abundance of these birds is also determined using visual counts from a vantage point and transects. In 2008, we marked 4 Snowy owls with satellite transmitters to track their migratory movements over a 2-year period.
description: Purpose: Long term monitoring of the breeding activity (abundance, phenology and success) of avian predators of the tundra
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.21963/12529
title: Geo-referenced digital photographs and videos with associated GPS waypoints and tracks for terrestrial ecosystem types on the northern shore of Greiner Lake, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, 2015

description: Geo-referenced digital photographs and videos with the associated GPS waypoints and tracks of various terrestrial ecosystem types have been taken during the summer of 2015 on the northern shore of Greiner Lake, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut. The photographs and videos, in combination with additional GPS waypoints and tracks, characterize site, soil and vegetation characteristics of the arctic landscape. The geo-referenced photographs and videos, as well as the GPS data will be entered in a GIS software and overlaid on satellite imagery. By matching pixel colours of the satellite images with different ecosystem types in the field, a model will be developed that will allow the assessment of ecosystem types over large areas, based solely on satellite imagery. The digital photographs were taken on the ground with GPS-enabled cameras (geographical coordinates written in the image file's exif information). Digital videos of the landscape below were shot from helicopter. The geographical coordinates are stored in a separate text file associated with the video file. Additionally, waypoints and tracks associated with the photographs and videos were recorded with a handheld GPS device.
description: Purpose: Geo-referenced digital photographs and videos with associated GPS waypoints and tracks of various terrestrial ecosystems have been taken during the summer of 2015 on the northern shore of Greiner Lake, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, for the purpose of training a model using Random Forest software aimed at predicting and delineating terrestrial ecosystems over large areas. The model predictors will include data in processed optical satellite imagery (R, G, B, ifR), predictors developed from associated digital elevation models (e.g., slope, elevation, slope position, soil drainage models), as well as predictors developed from archived optical data such as spring snow bank persistence.
description: Summary: Pictures and videos and the associated geographical coordinates have been taken of the arctic landscape on the northern shore of Greiner Lake, Cambridge Bay, Nunavut. These information will aid in development of a model which will allow determination of vegetation and habitat types from satellite images.
DOI: 10.21963/12530
title: Vascular synphenology of plant communities around Cambridge Bay, Victoria Island, Nunavut during the growing season of 2015

description: The phenology (the timing of life cycle events) of the most representative vascular species in ecosystems around Cambridge Bay (synphenology) has been recorded during the growing season of 2015, from mid-June to beginning of September. Vegetative (leaf) as well as generative (flower and seed) development in shrubby, herbaceous and graminoid plant species have been assessed at weekly intervals using a phenological key with 11 phenological stages, from the development of the first leaf/first floral bud to leaf death/seed dispersal (see data for phenological key). Additionally, the different phenological stages of plants were documented also by digital photographs taken at the time of phenological assessment (not all plants/sites surveyed and photographed are in the data sheet). The phenological development of plant species is strongly dependent on seasonal variations in environmental factors, especially temperature. Phenological records of entire plant communities over periods of many years can serve therefore as invaluable proxies for interannual changes in temperature due to climate change and global warming. The datafiles are available in both excel and csv format.
description: Purpose: The phenology of the most representative vascular species in plant communities around Cambridge Bay (synphenology) has been recorded during the summer of 2015. The vegetative (leaf) as well as the generative (flower and seed) development have been assessed at weekly interval from mid-June to beginning of September 2015 for shrubby, herbaceous and graminoid species. Phenological development is strongly influenced by seasonal variations in environmental factors, especially temperature, therefore phenological records over many years represent an invaluable proxy for interannual changes in temperature due to climate change.
description: Summary: The date of leaf and flower development of plants around Cambridge Bay have been recorded in the summer of 2015 around Cambridge Bay, Victoria Island, Nunavut. The timing of plant development depends strongly on temperature variations, therefore a record of seasonal plant development over many years can serve as an indicator of change in climate due to global warming.
DOI: 10.21963/1727
title: Surface and upper air charts during the Arctic extreme warm summer of 1998

description: Synoptic charts of surface and upper air for the period of June to August 1998 were provided by CMC-MSC. These charts are part of the project "The State of the Arctic Cryosphere During the Extreme Warm Summer of 1998." The year 1998 was the warmest on record in Canada and globally, with particularly pronounced warming anomalies located over the Canadian Arctic in the spring and fall seasons. This warming had major implications for snow, ice and permafrost (the Acryosphere) in the north. The Charts are provided are .cpt (Corel PhotoPaint) files of the arctic area for selected times extracted from the hemispheric files.
description: Purpose: The aim of this project was to carry out a detailed assessment of the response of the Arctic cryosphere to this warming event, to place this event in the context of the known climate variability over the last three to four decades, and to understand how some of the observed change interact with the Arctic climate system.
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.21963/1812
title: INRS-ETE Snow Pit Measurements

description: The study was conducted by the Institut National de la recherche scientifique (INRS-eau) at 3 sites in Quebec (James Bay, La Pocatiere and Nicolet) over the period 1994-1999. Variables measured include: snow depth, snow density, snow temperature, SWE, soil temperature, and soil dielectric constant.
description: Purpose: Provide snow data for the regions of James Bay, La Pocatiere and Nicolet
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.21963/205
title: Spatial distribution of phytoplankton chlorophyll a concentrations in the Southeastern Beaufort Sea in 2002, 2003 and 2004

description: This dataset consists of vertical profiles of discrete depth sampled over the Southeastern Beaufort Sea for chlorophyll a concentration of different size fractions: &gt;0.7µm, &gt;5µm and &gt;20µm. Sampling took place from September to October 2002, from September to November 2003 and from June to August 2004. Chlorophyll a concentrations were determined by fluorimetry.
description: Purpose: This study was conducted to assess biological variables and processes during the open water period in the Southeastern Beaufort Sea. The data will contribute to our understanding of the effects of climate change on phytoplankton biomass.
description: Summary: Not Applicable
DOI: 10.5443/1499
title: CFL 0803 - Beaufort Sea CTD data

description: The CTD data was obtained during the 2007-2008 scientific cruise #0803 within the framework of the Circumpolar Flaw Lead Study (CFL). This program included a year round sampling expedition to study the air-sea interactions occurring in the ice-free sections of the southern Beaufort Sea and Amundsen Gulf. The data were collected from April 26 to June 4, 2008, aboard the CCGS Amundsen. There were 144 CTD casts, associated to 29 stations (including 9 ice-drifts), located in the Beaufort Sea research area. The following parameters were measured: temperature, conductivity and pressure (with a Sea-Bird SBE-9plus), dissolved oxygen (Sea-Bird SBE-43), pH (Sea-Bird SBE-18-I), fluorescence (Seapoint chlorophyll fluorometer), nitrate concentration (Satlantic MBARI-ISUS 5T), transmittance (Wetlabs C-Star transmissometer), light intensity (PAR; Biospherical Instruments QCP2300) and surface light intensity (sPAR; Biospherical Instruments QCP2200). Quality control procedures were applied to the data. Data are available on the Polar Data Catalogue and at the Marine Environmental Data Service (MEDS) of Fisheries and Oceans Canada.
description: Purpose: The physical data are one of the tools used to characterize the water masses and, to some extent, the water circulation in the Beaufort Sea.
description: Summary: Not Applicable