cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/stzc-6m38
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Gutiérrez - Panemunes Silas - PISY - ITRDB LITH046

description: Aim

The aim was to decipher Europe‐wide spatio-temporal patterns of forest growth dynamics and their associations with carbon isotope fractionation processes inferred from tree rings as modulated by climate warming.
Location

Europe and North Africa (30-70 N, 10 W-35 E).
Time period

1901-2003.
Major taxa studied

Temperate and Euro-Siberian trees.
Methods

We characterize changes in the relationship between tree growth and carbon isotope fractionation over the 20th century using a European network consisting of 20 site chronologies. Using indexed tree-ring widths (TRWi), we assess shifts in the temporal coherence of radial growth across sites (synchrony) for five forest ecosystems (Atlantic, boreal, cold continental, Mediterranean and temperate). We also examine whether TRWi shows variable coupling with leaf-level gas exchange, inferred from indexed carbon isotope discrimination of tree-ring cellulose (Delta13Ci).

Results

We find spatial autocorrelation for TRWi and Delta13Ci extending over a maximum of 1,000 km among forest stands. However, growth synchrony is not uniform across Europe, but increases along a latitudinal gradient concurrent with decreasing temperature and evapotranspiration. Latitudinal relationships between TRWi and Delta13Ci (changing from negative to positive southwards) point to drought impairing carbon uptake via stomatal regulation for water saving occurring at forests below 60 N in continental Europe. An increase in forest growth synchrony over the 20th century together with increasingly positive relationships between TRWi and Delta13Ci indicate intensifying impacts of drought on tree performance. These effects are noticeable in drought-prone biomes (Mediterranean, temperate and cold continental).
Main conclusions

At the turn of this century, convergence in growth synchrony across European forest ecosystems is coupled with coordinated warming-induced effects of drought on leaf physiology and tree growth spreading northwards. Such a tendency towards exacerbated moisture-sensitive growth and physiology could override positive effects of enhanced leaf intercellular CO2 concentrations, possibly resulting in Europe‐wide declines of forest carbon gain in the coming decades.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-01-15.
DOI: 10.25921/st7f-9e23
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Copenheaver - Entriken - ACSH - ITRDB PA019

description: The conversion of sap from sugar maple (Acer saccharum) to syrup is a multi-million dollar agroforestry industry in North America. Sugar maple trees take decades to reach a size that can be tapped; therefore, maintaining vigorous trees is crucial to the industry's sustainability. Our objectives were to identify whether syrup production altered radial growth or cambium miner activity. We extracted increment cores and measured ring widths from trees tapped for syrup production and untapped reference trees. In Pennsylvania and Ontario, radial growth in tapped trees was significantly reduced compared to reference trees. In New York, there was no significant difference in radial growth between tapped and reference trees. All sites showed a significant reduction in radial growth following commencement of tapping, compared to growth rates prior to tapping. This pattern was not identified in reference trees, which indicates that it was not an artifact of age-related growth trends. There was no significant difference between cambium miner activity in tapped and reference trees. We concluded that the reduction in sugar maple radial growth is likely due to reallocation of resources as the tree heals the damage to the stem during tapping.
description: These sugar maple trees were not tapped for maple syrup production NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-12-29.
DOI: 10.25921/sxqk-5c90
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Reed - Los Padres National Forest - PIMO - ITRDB CA701

description: Tree mortality associated with drought and concurrent bark beetle outbreaks is expected to increase with further climate change. When these two types of disturbance occur in concert it complicates our ability to accurately predict future forest mortality. The recent extreme California USA drought and bark beetle outbreaks resulted in extensive tree mortality and provides a unique opportunity to examine questions of why some trees die while others survive these co-occurring disturbances. We use plot-level data combined with a three-proxy tree-level approach using radial growth, carbon isotopes, and resin duct metrics to evaluate 1) whether variability in stand structure, tree growth or size, carbon isotope discrimination, or defenses precede mortality, 2) how relationships between these proxies differ for surviving and now-dead trees, and 3) whether generalizable risk factors for tree mortality exist across pinyon pine (Pinus monophylla), ponderosa pine (P. ponderosa), white fir (Abies concolor), and incense cedar (Calocedrus decurrens) affected by the combination of drought and beetle outbreaks. We find that risk factors associated with mortality differ between species, and that few generalizable patterns exist when bark beetle outbreaks occur in concert with a particularly long, hot drought. We see evidence that both long-term differences in physiology and shorter-term beetle-related selection and variability in defenses influence mortality susceptibility for ponderosa pine, whereas beetle dynamics may play a more prominent role in mortality patterns for white fir and pinyon pine. In contrast, incense cedar mortality appears to be attributable to long-term effects of growth suppression. Risk factors that predispose some trees to drought and beetle-related mortality likely reflect species-specific strategies for dealing with these particular disturbance types. The combined influence of beetles and drought necessitates the consideration of multiple, species-specific risk factors to more accurately model forest mortality in the face of similar extreme events more likely under future climates.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-09-03.
DOI: 10.25921/snep-c469
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Devil's Lake Update - PIST - ITRDB WI014

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-08-05.
DOI: 10.25921/sjvr-0d74
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Coulthard - Lower Joffre - TSME - ITRDB CANA641

description: The recent intensification of floods and droughts in the Fraser River Basin (FRB) of British Columbia has had profound cultural, ecological, and economic impacts that are expected to be exacerbated further by anthropogenic climate change. In part due to short instrumental runoff records, the long-term stationarity of hydroclimatic extremes in this major North American watershed remains poorly understood, highlighting the need to use high-resolution paleoenvironmental proxies to inform on past streamflow. Here we use a network of tree-ring proxy records to develop 11 subbasin-scale, complementary flood- and drought-season reconstructions, the first of their kind. The reconstructions explicitly target management-relevant flood and drought seasons within each basin, and are examined in tandem to provide an expanded assessment of extreme events across the FRB with immediate implications for water management. We find that past high flood-season flows have been of greater magnitude and occurred in more consecutive years than during the observational record alone. Early 20th century low flows in the drought season were especially severe in both duration and magnitude in some subbasins relative to recent dry periods. Our Fraser subbasin-scale reconstructions provide long-term benchmarks for the natural flood and drought variability prior to anthropogenic forcing. These reconstructions demonstrate that the instrumental streamflow records upon which current management is based likely underestimate the full natural magnitude, duration, and frequency of extreme seasonal flows in the FRB, as well as the potential severity of future anthropogenically forced events.
description: Fraser River Basin, British Columbia, Canada Tree-Ring Data NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-12-29.
DOI: 10.25921/serx-tj58
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kaite Cave, Spain 5,000 Year Speleothem 87Sr/86Sr and Dust Deposition Fluxes

description: Despite the multiple impacts of mineral aerosols on global and regional climate and the primary climatic control on atmospheric dust fluxes, dust-climate feedbacks remain poorly constrained, particularly at submillennial time scales, hampering regional and global climate models. We reconstruct Saharan dust fluxes over Western Europe for the last 5000 years, by means of speleothem strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) and karst modeling. The record reveals a long-term increase in Saharan dust flux, consistent with progressive North Africa aridification and strengthening of Northern Hemisphere latitudinal climatic gradients. On shorter, centennial to millennial scales, it shows broad variations in dust fluxes, in tune with North Atlantic ocean-atmosphere patterns and with monsoonal variability. Dust fluxes rapidly increase before (and peaks at) Late Holocene multidecadal- to century-scale cold climate events, including those around 4200, 2800, and 1500 years before present, suggesting the operation of previously unknown strong dust-climate negative feedbacks preceding these episodes.
description: 87Sr/86Sr ratios measured along stalagmite Buda-100 from Kaite Cave, Monumento Natural Ojo Guareña, Spain, and reconstructed Saharan dust deposition fluxes for the past ~5,000 years. Age model determined from 230Th ages and speleothem stratigraphy as described in Cruz et al. 2021. Absolute dust fluxes calculated by mass balance modeling based on 87Sr/86Sr from speleothem, cave system, and atmospheric aerosols, as described in Cruz et al. 2021. Keywords: dust fluxes; strontium isotopes; Western Europe; Saharan dust
DOI: 10.25921/s1qk-pr90
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Peltier - Southwest Ecological Memory Project Site J2-P6 - JUOS - ITRDB NM622

description: Trees are long-lived organisms that integrate climate conditions across years or decades to produce secondary growth. This integration process is sometimes referred to as 'climatic memory.' While widely perceived, the physiological processes underlying this temporal integration, such as the storage and remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), are rarely explicitly studied. This is perhaps most apparent when considering drought legacies (perturbed post-drought growth responses to climate), and the physiological mechanisms underlying these lagged responses to climatic extremes. Yet, drought legacies are likely to become more common if warming climate brings more frequent drought. To quantify the linkages between drought legacies, climate memory and NSC, we measured tree growth (via tree ring widths) and NSC concentrations in three dominant species across the southwestern USA. We analyzed these data with a hierarchical mixed effects model to evaluate the time-scales of influence of past climate (memory) on tree growth. We then evaluated the role of climate memory and the degree to which variation in NSC concentrations were related to forward-predicted growth during the hot 2011-2012 drought and subsequent 4-year recovery period. Populus tremuloides exhibited longer climatic memory compared to either Pinus edulis or Juniperus osteosperma, but following the 2011-2012 drought, P. tremuloides trees with relatively longer memory of temperature conditions showed larger (more negative) drought legacies. Conversely, Pinus edulis trees with longer temperature memory had smaller (less negative) drought legacies. For both species, higher NSC concentrations followed more negative (larger) drought legacies, though the relevant NSC fraction differed between P. tremuloides and P. edulis. Our results suggest that differences in tree NSC are also imprinted upon tree growth responses to climate across long time scales, which also underlie tree resilience to increasingly frequent drought events under climate change.
description: These tree ring data were collected to assess the climate memory of tree growth around the southwestern US in "ecologically sampled" trees. Trees were from a range of size classes and vigors, but were all dominant or co-dominant. Sites J2 (Juniper) and P6 (Pinyon) are co-located. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/s0bg-vx33
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Peltier - Southwest Ecological Memory Project Site J4-P10 - JUOS - ITRDB UT561

description: Trees are long-lived organisms that integrate climate conditions across years or decades to produce secondary growth. This integration process is sometimes referred to as 'climatic memory.' While widely perceived, the physiological processes underlying this temporal integration, such as the storage and remobilization of non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), are rarely explicitly studied. This is perhaps most apparent when considering drought legacies (perturbed post-drought growth responses to climate), and the physiological mechanisms underlying these lagged responses to climatic extremes. Yet, drought legacies are likely to become more common if warming climate brings more frequent drought. To quantify the linkages between drought legacies, climate memory and NSC, we measured tree growth (via tree ring widths) and NSC concentrations in three dominant species across the southwestern USA. We analyzed these data with a hierarchical mixed effects model to evaluate the time-scales of influence of past climate (memory) on tree growth. We then evaluated the role of climate memory and the degree to which variation in NSC concentrations were related to forward-predicted growth during the hot 2011-2012 drought and subsequent 4-year recovery period. Populus tremuloides exhibited longer climatic memory compared to either Pinus edulis or Juniperus osteosperma, but following the 2011-2012 drought, P. tremuloides trees with relatively longer memory of temperature conditions showed larger (more negative) drought legacies. Conversely, Pinus edulis trees with longer temperature memory had smaller (less negative) drought legacies. For both species, higher NSC concentrations followed more negative (larger) drought legacies, though the relevant NSC fraction differed between P. tremuloides and P. edulis. Our results suggest that differences in tree NSC are also imprinted upon tree growth responses to climate across long time scales, which also underlie tree resilience to increasingly frequent drought events under climate change.
description: These tree ring data were collected to assess the climate memory of tree growth around the southwestern US in "ecologically sampled" trees. Trees were from a range of size classes and vigors, but were all dominant or co-dominant. Sites J4 (Juniper) and P10 (Pinyon) are co-located. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.e6cgxp
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 56 records in GBIF matching the query:
SELECT "year", COUNT(*) as RecordsCount 
 FROM occurrence
 WHERE "year" &gt;= 1970 
 AND level0gid = 'DOM'
 AND countrycode = 'DO'
 AND (kingdom = 'Plantae' OR kingdom = 'Animalia') 
 AND (basisOfRecord = 'OBSERVATION' OR basisOfRecord = 'LIVING_SPECIMEN' OR basisOfRecord = 'MATERIAL_SAMPLE' OR basisOfRecord = 'HUMAN_OBSERVATION' OR basisOfRecord = 'MACHINE_OBSERVATION' OR basisOfRecord = 'OCCURRENCE')
 AND occurrenceStatus = 'PRESENT' 
 AND decimalLongitude IS NOT NULL 
 AND decimalLatitude IS NOT NULL
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'COORDINATE_INVALID') 
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'ZERO_COORDINATE') 
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'COORDINATE_OUT_OF_RANGE') 
 AND NOT ARRAY_CONTAINS(issue, 'COUNTRY_COORDINATE_MISMATCH') 
 GROUP BY "year"
 ORDER BY "year"

 The dataset's 56 records were derived from 44 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0024503-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/s9xp-2m67
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Northwest Himalaya 400 Year Standardized Precipitation Index Reconstruction

description: Droughts are recurring phenomena in the north-western Himalaya causing severe socio-economic hardships. Our understanding on temporal and spatial occurrence of such extreme droughts in long-term perspective is constrained due to limited short-term weather records. Towards fulfilling such a large data void we developed a network of ring-width chronologies of Himalayan cedar from seven moisture stressed high elevation sites in Kishtwar, Jammu and Kashmir. Moisture responsive ring-width chronologies were used to develop the annual Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI from previous year June to current year May (SPI12-May)) extending back to AD 1613. The SPI reconstruction revealed annual to decadal-scale variability in droughts, which strikingly were more frequent and of larger magnitude during AD 1760s-2017 in comparison to the earlier part of the reconstruction (AD 1613-1750s). Our SPI12-May record revealed strong consistency with other tree-ring-based hydrological records from the western Himalaya. Spatial correlation analyses revealed strong linkage of the SPI with Tropical Pacific Ocean surface temperature.
description: Reconstructed annual Standardized Precipitation Index from previous year June to current year May (SPI12-May) for the northwest Himalaya since 1613 CE, based on Himalayan cedar tree ring data
DOI: 10.25921/sapj-j492
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Boyd - Interior Alaska Aspen Site SA1033 - PPTR - ITRDB AK180

description: Climate change-driven droughts and insect outbreaks are becoming more frequent and widespread, increasing forest vulnerability to mortality. By addressing the impacts of climate and insects on tree growth preceding death, we can better understand tree mortality risk under a changing climate. Here, we used tree stature and interannual growth (basal area increment; BAI) to assess processes leading to trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) survival or mortality during an unprecedented leaf miner (Phyllocnistis populiella) outbreak in boreal North America. We identified eight sites (22 plots) in the longest running forest monitoring network in Alaska, spanning ~350 km of latitude, that experienced >=0.25 Mg ha-1 yr-1 aspen mortality during the outbreak. We compared the size and canopy position, growth patterns, and sensitivity to climate and leaf mining of aspen that survived (living; n = 84) vs. died (dying; n = 76) and linked the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to plot-level aspen growth and stand biomass recruitment, growth, and mortality. Dying aspen were in the subcanopy, smaller in diameter, and after a drought in 1957 had lower growth than living aspen until death. Before the outbreak, growth of all trees was positively influenced by moisture and negatively by temperature, but only living trees maintained this climate response during the outbreak. Leaf mining reduced growth of both groups, exerting at least a twofold greater impact than climate. The NDVI captured plot-level tree growth and stand biomass growth and mortality, yet it was nearly two times more strongly associated with living than dying tree growth and 12 times more strongly associated with biomass growth than mortality. These differences suggest that NDVI may inadequately detect insect-driven dieback and dispersed mortality of aspen across the boreal biome. Our findings reveal that a historic drought triggered a multi-decadal growth decline that predisposed aspen to mortality during the leaf miner outbreak and that while aspen growth is influenced by moisture and temperature, it is more strongly affected by P. populiella. We conclude that as the climate warms and insect outbreaks increase in frequency and magnitude at high latitudes, we should expect to see persistent and greater declines in aspen growth and increases in mortality.
description: This data file contains raw ring-width chronologies of individual trees that died (dying) and survived (living) an insect oubreak of Phyllocnistis populiella (outbreak period: 1997-2013) in Interior Alaska.  Living trees have ring-width measurements up to 2015 and the tree names are preceded by TA whereas dying tree ring-width measurements end in 1997-2013 and the tree names are preceded by TM. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22
DOI: 10.25921/shv2-1010
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Villalba - Mountain Research Station Site 7 - PCEN - ITRDB CO680

description: We examined variations in tree growth responses to climatic variations among different tree species and habitat types in the subalpine zone of the Colorado Front Range. We constructed 25 tree ring site chronologies (11 of Picea engelmannii, 9 of Abies lasiocarpa, 4 of Pinus contorta var. latifolia, and 1 of Pinus flexilis) from a series of subalpine habitats ranging from xeric to wet. To establish tree growth responses to climatic variation, we used correlation and response function analyses to compare variations in ring widths with monthly temperature and precipitation records. At the driest sites, growth of Picea and Abies tracked climatic variation similarly. At mesic and wet sites, however, these species differed in their responses to climatic variation. The responses of Pinus contorta, sampled over a narrower range of habitat types, differed from those of Picea and Abies but did not differ among sites. Steep environmental gradients in the subalpine zone of the Front Range accounted for most of the observed differences in growth responses to climatic variation. Even at adjacent sites that differ only slightly in topographic position, tree growth responses to climatic variation were distinct. Interspecific differences in response to climatic variations generally were less important than site differences. Intersite differences in tree growth responses to climatic variation can be used as indicators of environmental differences among subalpine habitats.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/sqq5-px07
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Esper - Kutujärvi Wet - PISY - ITRDB FINL096

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.