cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288679.v1
title: SURVEY OF THE FAMILIES OF PARASITIC HYMENOPTERA ASSOCIATED WITH TOBACCO (NICOTIANA TABACUM L.) CROPS IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL STATE, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to survey the families of hymenoptera associated with tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Material was collected weekly using Malaise, pitfall and yellow pan traps in tobacco crops in the counties of Santa Cruz do Sul and Lagoão. During the period of November 2007 to February 2008, 1,047 individuals belonging to the order Hymenoptera were collected. Of these, 738 were distributed in 23 families known as parasitoid. Ichneumonidae, Braconidae and Scelionidae were the most abundant families, representing 44.6%, 14.9% and 11.5% of the collected parasitoids, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288677.v1
title: NEONICOTINOID INSECTICIDES FOR BOLL WEEVIL ANTHONOMUS GRANDIS (BOHEMAN, 1843) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) CONTROL AND THE CONTROL FAILURE OF ENDOSULFAN

description: ABSTRACT The boll weevil Anthonomus grandis (Boheman 1843) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is the most important cotton pest in Brazil, and insecticides play an important role in controlling its adults, so the development of products with new modes of action is essential to achieve successful control alternatives and resistance management options. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of some neonicotinoid insecticides to control the pest. The experimental design consisted of completely randomized blocks, with nine treatments and four replications. The following treatments (dosage of the commercial product per hectare) were applied in the field (with 9.8% of damaged squares at the beginning of the study): 1) Imidacloprid 200 SC (525 mL); 2) Imidacloprid 200 SC (700 mL); 3) Imidacloprid 200 SC (1,050 mL); 4) Thiamethoxam 250 WG (300 g); 5) Acetamiprid 200 SP (300 g); 6) Clothianidin 600 SC (262,5 mL); 7) Thiacloprid 480 SC (300 mL); 8) Endosulfan 350 CE (2,000 mL); and 9) Untreated control. The efficacy of insecticides was calculated with the Abbott formula; the data of damaged squares in each treatment was submitted to variance analysis and its means compared by Tukey test (? = 0.05). The results showed that Clothianidin 600 SC (262.5 mL/ha) was the most efficient neonicotinoid and reached 73% of efficacy at 6 days after the third application. The cyclodiene Endosulfan 350 CE (2,000 mL/ha), which was the standard farmer treatment, did not control the boll weevil as frequently cited. There were no significant differences in cotton production (fiber plus seed and bolls per plant) among treatments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288675.v1
title: SELECTIVITY OF INSECTICIDES USED IN THE COTTON CROP IN REGARD TO PUPAE AND ADULTS OF THE LADYBIRD BEETLE CYCLONEDA SANGUINEA (LINNAEUS, 1763)

description: ABSTRACT Identifying pesticides that are selective in regard to natural enemies is critical to good practice of integrated pest management. This study was aimed to evaluate the selectivity of the following pesticides (in g a.i. L-1 of water) in regard to the predator Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnaeus, 1763) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): triflumuron (Certero SC 480 – 0.048), spinosad (Tracer 480 SC – 0.24), chlorfenapyr (Pirate SC 240 – 1.2), clothianidin (Focus 500 PM – 0.33), beta-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid (Connect 100/12, SC 5 – 0.33 / 0.042), and distilled water as a control treatment. The products were sprayed on C. sanguinea pupae and adults using a Potter’s tower; the pupas were kept singly until they became adults, when couples were made. For adults, the couples were made after the application of the products. The bioassays were realized at 25 ± 2º C, RU 60 ± 10% and photophase of 12h. Evaluations were made of the duration, survival and sexual rate of directly treated pupae; survival and reproductive parameters of directly treated adults; survival and duration of the larval and pupal development stages, sexual ratio and reproductive parameters of adults developed from pupae and of directly treated adults. Triflumuron and spinosad were innocuous to the C. sanguinea pupae, and slightly prejudicial to the adults of the predator as well to its phases and generations following development. Chlorfenapyr, chlothianidin and imidacloprid/ß-cyfluthrin were toxic to C. sanguinea pupae and adults.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288673.v1
title: IGG ANTIBODIES TO TOXOPLASMA GONDII IN PIGS FROM SLAUGHTERHOUSES OF THE RECIFE METROPOLITAN AREA, PERNAMBUCO STATE, NORTHEAST BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT IGG ANTIBODIES TO TOXOPLASMA GONDII IN PIGS FROM SLAUGHTERHOUSES OF THE RECIFE METROPOLITAN AREA, PERNAMBUCO STATE, NORTHEAST BRAZIL. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the incidence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs slaughtered for human consumption in two slaughterhouses with sanitary inspection in the Recife metropolitan area, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Antibody testing was performed by the indirect fluorescent antibody test, adopting the cut-off 1:64. A total of 327 animals were analyzed from six cities: Abreu e Lima, Paulista, Igarassu, Carpina, Paudalho and Tracunhaém. A frequency of 9.78% positive sera was observed for dilutions equal to or greater than 1:64. These data suggest risks of infection with Toxoplasma gondii by ingestion of raw or undercooked pork, since it is likely that seropositive pigs could contain tissue cysts, emphasizing the importance of creating a suitable management, aimed at reducing the risk of infection in this species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288672.v1
title: BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BREVIPALPUS OBOVATUS DONNADIEU (ACARI: TENUIPALPIDAE) ON YELLOW PASSION FRUIT

description: ABSTRACT Considering the occurrence of Brevipalpus obovatus (Donnadieu, 1875) (Acari, Tenuipalpidae) in passion fruit orchards (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg. – Passifloraceae) in the state of Bahia, Brazil, the biology of this species was studied to evaluate the development and reproduction on yellow passion fruit leaves. The study was carried out in the laboratory at 25 ± 1° C, 70 ± 10% of relative humidity and 12 h of photophase. The egg to adult period was 19.11 ± 0.16 days, with 86.11% survival. The female average longevity was 37.69 ± 3.06 days and the daily average oviposition was 1.29 ± 0.05 eggs/female. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.064; the finite rate of increase (λ) was 1.066 females/female/day; the average generation time (T) was 38.94 days and the net rate of reproduction (Ro) was 12.13. The results indicated that the yellow passion fruit is a favorable host for the development and reproduction of B. obovatus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288671.v1
title: TOMATO GENOTYPES FROM BGH-UFV RESISTANT TO EARLY BLIGHT

description: ABSTRACT Tomato early blight is one of the most important diseases of this crop. The aim of this study was to characterize 49 tomato sub-samples of the Vegetable Germoplasm Bank of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (BGH-UFV) for early blight. The assay was carried out in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, between December 2007 and April 2008. The experimental design consisted of a randomized block with three replications and the controls Débora, Fanny, Santa Clara and Ipa-6. There were 5 evaluationsbased on the disease severity. With the severity values, the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated, enabling a better visualization of the results. Variance analysis was performed, followed by the grouping of the AUDPC averages by the Scott-Knott test at the 5% significance level. The sub-samples BGH-2109, BGH-2110, BGH-2115, BGH-2122, BGH-2134, BGH-2135 and BGH-2142 had a lower AUDPC average in relation to the controls, and could be used in future breeding programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288669.v1
title: EFFICIENCY AND RESIDUAL EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES APPLIED ON DIFFERENT SURFACES FOR THE CONTROL OF BLATTELLA GERMANICA (LINNAEUS, 1767) (DICTYOPTERA: BLATTELLIDAE)

description: ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency and residual effect of insecticides applied on tiles and slate for the control of Blattella germanica. The experiment was carried out in the Departamento de Fitossanidade, UNESP Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil, (May 3 to August 5, 2007). The population susceptible to chemical control was grown in a nonclimatized room. The treatments were lambda-cyhalothrin (Demand 2,5CS) 10 mL/L (12,5 mg/m2); lambda-cyhalothrin (Icon 5,0 CE) 5 mL/L (12,5 mg/m2); deltamethrin (Deltagard WG) 2 sachets/10 L (12,5 mg/m2); lambda-cyhalothrin (Zeon 50CS) 5 mL/L (12,5mg/m2); deltamethrin (Deltek CS) 5 mL/L (6,25 mg/m2); dichlorvos (DDVP 1000CE) 5 mL/L (250 mg/m2) and a control plot. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks with four replicates. Insecticides were sprayed with a pressurized sprayer (350 kPa) at a volume of 40 mL/m2. After 1h, 10 adult German cockroaches were plotted over the treated area and stayed there for 15 min. They were then transferred to pots for evaluations (0, 1, 2, 4, 24, 48 and 72 h after exposition). Treated plates were kept on shelves to evaluate the residual effect of products 30, 60 and 90 days after application. Data was submitted to analysis of variance and Tukey test. The efficiency was calculated. It was concluded that on the application of insecticides there is no difference between the surfaces in the control of B. germanica. The residual effect was greater on a tiled surface in relation to slate. The insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and deltamethrin (WG) resulted in sufficient control up to 90 days after the spraying.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288664.v1
title: FERTILITY LIFE TABLE OF BREVIPALPUS PHOENICIS (GEIJSKES, 1939) (ACARI: TENUIPALPIDAE) ON DIFFERENT COFFEE CUTIVARS (COFFEA SPP.)

description: ABSTRACT This work was carried out aiming at constructing a fertility life table for the coffee ringspot mite, Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae), reared on the leaves of four coffee cultivars (Icatu Vermelho, Apoatã, Obatã and Mundo Novo), kept in climatic chambers at 25 ± 1º C, relative humidity of 70 ± 10% and photophase of 14 hours. Females of B. phoenicis were placed on the leaf surfaces (arenas), for a period of 24 hours for oviposition. After this period, the females and the excess eggs were removed, leaving only one egg of B. phoencis on each arena. The arenas were examined daily, evaluating the mite survival and the number of eggs laid. Fertility life table was prepared using the data obtained. B. phoenicis mites presented significant differences in survivorship and population growth rates, when reared on different coffee cultivars. The most favorable cultivars for the multiplication of B. phoenicis were, in this sequence: Apoatã, Mundo Novo and Obatã, based on the finite rates of increase. Icatu Vermelho proved to be the least favorable cultivar for the multiplication of B. phoenicis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288663.v1
title: COMPATIBILITY OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE WITH CHEMICAL ACARICIDES

description: ABSTRACT The combined use of chemical and biological control agents could prove to be a successful strategy against insects and ticks, which could improve the efficiency attained by conventional strategies and also lessen environmental impact that could be caused by these substances. The present study assessed compatibility of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin to chemical substances currently used for controlling Riphicephalus (Boophilus. microplus (Canestrini), to verify compatibility of these for possible associated use. The fungus was cultivated in a medium to which was incorporated 40, 55, 70, 85 and 100% of the recommended dosage (RD) of commercial acaricides containing various active ingredients formulated in different compositions. To verify compatibility, fungus vegetative growth, spore production and viability were assessed, and all acaricides were classified regarding toxicity. The chemical acaricides containing chlorfenvinphos + dichlorvos (Amiphós®), cipermetrin + chlorpiriphos + citronelal (Barrage®) and amitraz + chlorpiriphos (Carbeson®) were classified as toxic after causing inhibition of fungal growth and spore production, the last one being the only agent that did not affect fungal viability. The acaricide containing cipermetrin (Colosso®) was classified as compatible and moderately compatible in 40 and 65% of the RD, respectively, and the acaricide containing spinosad (Elector®) was the agent that least affected the factors evaluated, being classified as moderately compatible at 55 to 100% of the RD, and as compatible at 40% of RD. Most of the chemical acaricides evaluated were not compatible with M. anisopliae. The acaricide formulated with cipermetrin and spinosad was the only one that showed some compatibility for use in an integrated pest management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288658.v1
title: HEMOPARASITES IN BLACK CAIMANS AND SPECTACLED CAIMANS TRAPPED IN THE MEANDROS EPA OF THE ARAGUAIA RIVER

description: ABSTRACT Infections are common in both wild and captive populations, and the occurrence of diseases is among the greatest threats to biodiversity that can result from human activity. Most free-living species face problems that accelerate them along a path towards possible extinction. Given the importance of the research of parasites in wild animals as a tool to study the health of a population and the environment, this work aimed to investigate the presence and frequency of blood parasites in free-living black caimans (Melanosuchus niger) and spectacled caimans (Caiman crocodilus) in the Meandros Environmental Protection Area of the Araguaia River, in Goiás, Brazil. Evaluations were made of the blood smears of 65 specimens, comprising 26 Melanosuchus niger and 39 Caiman crocodilus, stained with Wright’s stain. Samples were collected during the period of October 2006 to June 2007. The erythrocytes were analyzed in 20 fields per slide. There was a presence of intra-erythrocytic blood parasites in 46 (70.76%) animals, which were recognized as belonging to the genus Coccidia and the family Haemogregarinidae, revealing a high rate of crocodilian hemoparasitosis in this region.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288656.v1
title: COMPATIBILITY OF NEUTRAL DETERGENT WITH THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROK.

description: ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi have been widely used in pests control. The main diluent for its application in the field is water, and due to its hydrophobic character, its dispersion in the environment is complicated. Several products may be mixed to the sprays, allowing the dissolution and the dispersion of the fungus in the spray. Yet, some of these products may influence in the viability, sporulation or even in its genetic composition, changing its virulence. This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of a neutral detergent about the viability of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Three different concentrations of a neutral detergent (Ipê®) were used: 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03% and an adhesive spreader (Tween 80) was used in the control. The percentage of conidia germination, the number of colony forming units (CFU), vegetative growth and the number of produced conidia were evaluated. There was no effect of the different concentrations of the neutral detergent on the germination. All detergent concentrations affected negatively in the vegetative growth of the fungus. Only the detergent at 0.01% of concentration did not affect the CFU number and the conidia production of the fungus. So, this is the only concentration classified as compatible for M. anisopliae, which may be recommended to promote the conidia dispersion of this fungus species in water.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288654.v1
title: OCCURRENCE OF ASPERGILLUS SPP., PENICILLIUM SPP. AND AFLATOXINS IN CORN FLOUR SAMPLES USED IN HUMAN CONSUMPTION, PIAUÍ, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the presence of fungi and aflatoxin in a corn product intended for human consumption in the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Thirty corn flour samples (500 g) from six different trademarks were purchased from local supermarkets in the city of Piaui, Brazil, from January to March 2009. The mycological evaluation was performed immediately, and then aliquots were stored at -4° C, until the aflatoxins analysis. Fungal counts ranged between 2.42 and 4.10 CFU/g. There was no significant difference at p &lt; 0.05 between the brands used. The main Aspergillus species isolated were A. flavus (32.73%), A. oryzae (14.54%). A. niger aggregate (10.91%), A. parasiticus (5.45%), A. fumigatus (5.45%) and A. carbonarius (1.81%), while the Penicillium were P. citrinum (28.88%), P. funiculosum (25.67%) and P. verrucosum (16.22%). No aflatoxins were detected by thin-layer chromatography in corn flour samples. The fungal species potentially capable of producing mycotoxins such as Aspergillus and Penicillium are found in corn flour, but no aflatoxin was found in this kind of product.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288651.v1
title: CHEMICAL CONTROL IN POST-EMERGENCE OF SPECIES OF BRACHIARIA IN THREE VEGETATIVE STAGES

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to correlate the chemical control efficacy in post-emergence of Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. (signal grass) and Brachiaria plantaginea Hitchc. (alexandergrass) through ACCase-inhibitor enzyme herbicide application in function of the stage of development of the plant in order to contribute to the chemical management of these weed species. B. decumbens and B. plantaginea were sown in plastic pots filled with soil and kept in a greenhouse. For chemical control evaluation, the following herbicides were tested (g ha-1): fluazifop-p-butyl at 150, haloxyfop-methyl at 50, and sethoxydim at 230. The herbicides were applied in all three plant development phases: stage 1 (plants presenting 4-6 leaves at 15 days after emergence), stage 2 (plants presenting 3-4 tillers at 23 days after emergence), and stage 3 (adult plants in the beginning of flowering at 48 days after emergence). Evaluations were done at 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 28 days after herbicide application. The developmental stage of the two Brachiaria species was instrumental in the efficiency of the control provided by different herbicides. Sethoxydim was the most efficient herbicide in controlling Brachiaria species in the three evaluated development stages.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288648.v1
title: EFFECT OF CONTAMINANT ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF TWO AGARICUS BLAZEI ISOLATES IN TWO COMPOST FORMULATIONS.

description: ABSTRACT The effect of the contaminant fungi Trichoderma sp. and Chaetomium olivacearum on the cultivation of the ABL 99/30 and ABL 04/49 isolates of A. blazei in two compost formulations made up with tyfton (Cynodom dactylon) and oat (Avena sativa) was evaluated. The experimental design was a totally randomized 2 x 2 x 3 factorial design with 6 repetitions. The experimental unit consisted of 12-12.5 kg of wet compost. During the spawning, 150 g of Trichoderma sp. and C. olivacearum were added to the compost. The experiment was carried out in a climatized room, with humidity between 75-90% and temperature of 28º C. The productivity averages of the ABL 99/30 isolate of A. blazei were higher than those of ABL 04/49 and Trichoderma sp. and C. olivacearum negatively influenced the production of A. blazei. The different composts (based on tyfton and oat straw) did not influence the production of basidiomata.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288645.v1
title: FREQUENCY OF ANTIBODIES AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO ENZOOTIC BOVINE LEUKOSIS IN DAIRY HERDS OF THE STATE OF MARANHÃO, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT This study was performed in order to determine the frequency of antibodies to enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), and the main factors related to the infection in dairy herds of Maranhão State, Brazil. Serum samples from 920 animals were submitted to the agar gel immunodifusion technique. The study was carried out on 92 dairy properties, in 23 districts located in the regions of Açailândia, Bacabal, São Luis Island, Imperatriz and Pedreiras. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied for each herd to investigate variables that could be associated with this infection. Of the 920 serum samples examined, 53.8% were reagent. The frequency breakdown by region was 63.50%, 61.87%, 60.62%, 41.18% and 30.83%, for Bacabal, São Luis Island, Pedreiras, Imperatriz and Açailândia, respectively. Reagents animals were found in the 23 districts studied, with detection of serologically positive bovines on 98.91% of the properties. Variables identified as risk factors included the repeated use of the same needle for blood sampling or vaccination, repeated use of the same obstetric glove, animal housing and absence of veterinary assistance. These risk factors presented a statistical significance (P &lt; 0.05) associated to infection. These results indicate that enzootic bovine leukosis infection is high in dairy herds of the state of Maranhão and that factors related to livestock management were associated with the risk of EBL infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288643.v1
title: THE EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES ON THE LADY BEETLE CYCLONEDA SANGUINEA L. (COLEOPTERA, COCCINELLIDAE) AND ON THE APHIDAPHIS GOSSYPII GLOVER (HEMIPTERA, APHIDIDAE) ON COTTON PLANTS

description: ABSTRACT The ladybugs are recognized as important natural enemies of pests such as aphids and scale insects, showing excellent dispersibility in the field and may be favored with environments for refuge and by pesticide selectivity. The goal of this trial was to study the toxicity of insecticides on the predatory coccinellid Cycloneda sanguinea and on its prey, the aphid Aphis gossypii, in the cotton crop. The treatments (expressed in commercial product per hectare) were: flonicamid 500 WG at 50, 80 and 150 g, thiamethoxam 250 WG at 200 g, acetamiprid 200 PS at 150 g, imidacloprid 200 SC at 250 mL, and a control treatment without application. The evaluation of physiological selectivity was made in the laboratory and in the field, observing the effect of insecticides applied directly and indirectly on C. sanguine. The number of surviving aphids and lady beetles was evaluated before and after the application. Based on the results obtained in the laboratory and field, it was concluded that flonicamid presented the highest selectivity to C. sanguinea among the insecticides tested. All treatments were effective for aphid control and there were no significant differences among them.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288641.v1
title: FLUXOFENIM APPLIED ON WHEAT AS A SAFENER FOR PROTECTION AGAINST SMETOLACHLOR HERBICIDE

description: ABSTRACT This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fluxofenim used for seed treatment as safener in wheat, Ônix cultivar, treated with the herbicide S-metolachlor applied in pre-emergence. The study was divided in two steps. The first step consisted of an evaluation of fluxofenim’s safener potential for the reduction of visual symptoms of S-metolachlor injury in the field, and the treatments were S-metolachlor at 1,440 and 2,880 mL i.a. ha-1 and fluxofenim at 0, and 40 mL per 100 kg of seeds, and a control without herbicide. The second step was to evaluate glutathione S-transferase activity (GST). Herbicide phytotoxity was measured by way of visual symptoms at 3, 7, 15, and 30 days after emergence (DAE), dry matter from roots and leaves at 10 DAE. For the determination of GST activity, the canopy of plants was collected at 10 DAE and 15 days after treatment application. The wheat presented low tolerance to S-metolachlor at both rates, and fluxofenim increased S-metolachlor selectivity to wheat but not sufficiently, reducing plant population to a nonacceptable level. Gluthationa S-transferase activity for wheat increased when seeds treated with fluxofenim were submitted to S-metolachlor at 1,440 mL a.i. ha-1.