DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vq83bk3tg
title: Anticipating the potential impacts of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans on Neotropical salamander diversity

description: Emergent infectious disease caused by the fungal pathogens
 Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and B. salamandrivorans (Bsal)
 represent one of the major causes of biodiversity loss in amphibians.
 While Bd has affected amphibians worldwide, Bsal remains restricted to
 Asia and Europe, but also could be a major threat for salamanders in the
 Western hemisphere, including the 320 bolitoglossine species described.
 Here we predict the suitable areas for Bsal in the Neotropics and assessed
 its potential impact on bolitoglossine diversity. For this, we determined
 the geographic patterns of taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional
 diversity for bolitoglossines and modelled the potential distribution of
 Bsal in the Neotropics. We identified which species and regions could be
 at risk from an eventual introduction of Bsal in the region, quantified
 the degree of overlap between regions of high diversity and the suitable
 conditions for the pathogen, and considered species IUCN Red List status,
 and geographic range size. We found that regions of high taxonomic,
 phylogenetic, and functional diversity are concentrated in the
 Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, Sierra Madre Oriental, the southern portion
 of Sierra Madre del Sur and the mountains of Oaxaca in México, as well as
 the Chiapan-Guatemalan highlands, and the Cordilleras of Costa Rica and
 Panama. Alarmingly, the regions of high diversity for bolitoglossines and
 over 75% of the ranges of the more threatened species could be affected by
 Bsal. Given the unknown vulnerability of these species, we strongly
 recommend measures to avoid the introduction of Bsal in the continent.
description: <strong>Data
 S1</strong> Sequences of
 <i>Bolitoglossa diminuta, Bolitoglossa pygmaea, Nototriton major,
 Nototriton tapanti </i>(See Table S2 in Supporting
 information). <b>SUPPORTING
 INFORMATION</b> <b>Supplementary methods.
 </b>Climatic suitability for <i>Bsal</i> in the
 Neotropics <b>Figure S1.
 </b>Areas and occurrences of <i>Batrachochytrium
 salamandrivorans</i> (<i>Bsal</i>) used to build the
 model. <b>Figure S2.
 </b>Multivariate environmental similarity surface (MESS)
 analysis. <b>Figure S3.</b>
 Presence-Absence binary map depicting the potential distribution
 of<i> B. salamandrivorans</i> based on the minimum training
 presence threshold. <b>Table S1.</b>
 Coordinates compiled for species lacking spatial data on the IUCN Red
 List. <b>Table S2. </b>New
 sequences for 33 species added to the Bolitoglossine phylogeny
 <b>Table
 S3.</b> Measurements of maximum SVL for 311 species included in the
 study <b>Table S4.
 </b>Occurrence data used for modelling the distribution of
 <i>B. salamandrivorans.</i> <b>Table S5.</b>
 Pairwise Pearson correlations of 19 bioclimatic variables. <b>Table S6.</b>
 ENMeval models results. <b>Table S7.</b>
 Records of<i> B. salamandrivorans</i> from Lötters et al.
 (2020) for an independent validation. <b>Table S8. </b>All
 species analyzed in this study ranked according to their IUCN Red List
 status, their total range area and the percentage of these areas suitable
 for <i>Bsal.</i>