cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12294089.v1
title: Capacity of urban springs to support emergency water needs, a secondary city case study: Kharkiv, Ukraine

description: The twenty-first century is experiencing the emergence of secondary cities (small-to-medium-sized cities) as major growth areas, especially in low-and middle-income countries. Secondary cities experience rapid, unplanned, and informal growth patterns, creating water issues that influence human insecurity. The Department of State’s Secondary Cities Initiative generates geospatial data through field-based participatory mapping to assist secondary cities to prepare for sustainability issues such as water scarcity. This paper focuses on urban springs in Kharkiv, Ukraine, as an alternative water source during emergencies. These results show the spatial location and discharge of spring water aligns with the population distribution. Twenty-eight percent of people can meet minimum drinking-water requirements from spring water. These results demonstrate the importance of evaluating alternative water sources during times of emergency by using existing data, generating new data through field collection, and using remotely sensed data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12294089
title: Capacity of urban springs to support emergency water needs, a secondary city case study: Kharkiv, Ukraine

description: The twenty-first century is experiencing the emergence of secondary cities (small-to-medium-sized cities) as major growth areas, especially in low-and middle-income countries. Secondary cities experience rapid, unplanned, and informal growth patterns, creating water issues that influence human insecurity. The Department of State’s Secondary Cities Initiative generates geospatial data through field-based participatory mapping to assist secondary cities to prepare for sustainability issues such as water scarcity. This paper focuses on urban springs in Kharkiv, Ukraine, as an alternative water source during emergencies. These results show the spatial location and discharge of spring water aligns with the population distribution. Twenty-eight percent of people can meet minimum drinking-water requirements from spring water. These results demonstrate the importance of evaluating alternative water sources during times of emergency by using existing data, generating new data through field collection, and using remotely sensed data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12852468
title: The hydrologic, water quality and flow regime performance of a bioretention basin in Melbourne, Australia

description: To restore streams degraded by urbanisation, bioretention basins (‘raingardens’) are implemented worldwide to reduce stormwater volumes, peaks flows and pollutant loads entering streams. While they are effective at this, their ability to mimic natural flow regimes has received limited field investigation. We monitored the hydrology and water quality of a bioretention basin during a three-year period. We found that the basin reduced the delivery of polluted water to the stream (55–65% of catchment runoff released as treated outflow), with peak flows and event concentrations of TSS, TP and TN substantially lowered too. A smaller proportion of catchment runoff infiltrated into the surrounding soil, but the flow regime delivered by the basin to the local stream was not similar to nearby forested streams. Such systems can mitigate the impacts of urban runoff on streams and shift the urban water balance towards natural conditions, but complete flow regime restoration requires catchment-scale action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12852468.v1
title: The hydrologic, water quality and flow regime performance of a bioretention basin in Melbourne, Australia

description: To restore streams degraded by urbanisation, bioretention basins (‘raingardens’) are implemented worldwide to reduce stormwater volumes, peaks flows and pollutant loads entering streams. While they are effective at this, their ability to mimic natural flow regimes has received limited field investigation. We monitored the hydrology and water quality of a bioretention basin during a three-year period. We found that the basin reduced the delivery of polluted water to the stream (55–65% of catchment runoff released as treated outflow), with peak flows and event concentrations of TSS, TP and TN substantially lowered too. A smaller proportion of catchment runoff infiltrated into the surrounding soil, but the flow regime delivered by the basin to the local stream was not similar to nearby forested streams. Such systems can mitigate the impacts of urban runoff on streams and shift the urban water balance towards natural conditions, but complete flow regime restoration requires catchment-scale action.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14494410
title: Transcriptomic profiling as biological markers of depression– a pilot study in unipolar and bipolar women

description: A significant challenge in psychiatry is the differential diagnosis of depressive episodes in the course of mood disorders. Gene expression profiling may provide an opportunity for such distinguishment. We studied differentially expressed genes in women with a depressive episode in the course of unipolar depression (UD) (n = 24) and bipolar disorder types I (BDI) (n = 13) and II (BDII) (n = 19), and healthy controls (n = 15). Different types of depression varied in the number and type of up or down-regulated genes. The pathway analysis showed: in UD, up-regulated rheumatoid arthritis pathway (including <i>ITGB2, CXCL8, TEK, TLR4</i> genes), and down-regulated taste transduction pathway (<i>TAS2R10, TAS2R46, TAS2R14, TAS2R43, TAS2R45, TAS2R19, TAS2R13, TAS2R20, GNG13</i>); in BDI, eight down-regulated pathways: glutamatergic synapse, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, axon guidance, calcium signaling, nicotine addiction, PI3K-Akt signaling, drug metabolism - cytochrome P450, and morphine addiction; in BDII, up-regulated osteoclast differentiation and Notch signaling pathway, and down-regulated type I diabetes mellitus pathway. Distinct expression markers analysis uncovered the unique for UD, up-regulated bladder cancer pathway (<i>HBEGF</i> and <i>CXCL8 genes</i>). This pilot study suggests a probability of differentiating depression in the course of UD, BDI, and II, based on transcriptomic profiling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14494410.v2
title: Transcriptomic profiling as biological markers of depression– a pilot study in unipolar and bipolar women

description: A significant challenge in psychiatry is the differential diagnosis of depressive episodes in the course of mood disorders. Gene expression profiling may provide an opportunity for such distinguishment. We studied differentially expressed genes in women with a depressive episode in the course of unipolar depression (UD) (n = 24) and bipolar disorder types I (BDI) (n = 13) and II (BDII) (n = 19), and healthy controls (n = 15). Different types of depression varied in the number and type of up or down-regulated genes. The pathway analysis showed: in UD, up-regulated rheumatoid arthritis pathway (including <i>ITGB2, CXCL8, TEK, TLR4</i> genes), and down-regulated taste transduction pathway (<i>TAS2R10, TAS2R46, TAS2R14, TAS2R43, TAS2R45, TAS2R19, TAS2R13, TAS2R20, GNG13</i>); in BDI, eight down-regulated pathways: glutamatergic synapse, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, axon guidance, calcium signaling, nicotine addiction, PI3K-Akt signaling, drug metabolism - cytochrome P450, and morphine addiction; in BDII, up-regulated osteoclast differentiation and Notch signaling pathway, and down-regulated type I diabetes mellitus pathway. Distinct expression markers analysis uncovered the unique for UD, up-regulated bladder cancer pathway (<i>HBEGF</i> and <i>CXCL8 genes</i>). This pilot study suggests a probability of differentiating depression in the course of UD, BDI, and II, based on transcriptomic profiling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14494410.v1
title: Transcriptomic profiling as biological markers of depression – A pilot study in unipolar and bipolar women

description: A significant challenge in psychiatry is the differential diagnosis of depressive episodes in the course of mood disorders. Gene expression profiling may provide an opportunity for such distinguishment. We studied differentially expressed genes in women with a depressive episode in the course of unipolar depression (UD) (<i>n</i> = 24) and bipolar disorder types I (BDI) (<i>n</i> = 13) and II (BDII) (<i>n</i> = 19), and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 15). Different types of depression varied in the number and type of up or down-regulated genes. The pathway analysis showed: in UD, up-regulated rheumatoid arthritis pathway (including <i>ITGB2, CXCL8, TEK, TLR4</i> genes), and down-regulated taste transduction pathway (<i>TAS2R10, TAS2R46, TAS2R14, TAS2R43, TAS2R45, TAS2R19, TAS2R13, TAS2R20, GNG13</i>); in BDI, eight down-regulated pathways: glutamatergic synapse, retrograde endocannabinoid signalling, axon guidance, calcium signalling, nicotine addiction, PI3K-Akt signalling, drug metabolism – cytochrome P450, and morphine addiction; in BDII, up-regulated osteoclast differentiation and Notch signalling pathway, and down-regulated type I diabetes mellitus pathway. Distinct expression markers analysis uncovered the unique for UD, up-regulated bladder cancer pathway (<i>HBEGF</i> and <i>CXCL8 genes</i>). This pilot study suggests a probability of differentiating depression in the course of UD, BDI, and II, based on transcriptomic profiling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13050505.v1
title: A patient with COVID-19 presenting multiple thrombi in the left ventricle

description: A patient with COVID-19 presenting multiple thrombi in the left ventricle
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13050505
title: A patient with COVID-19 presenting multiple thrombi in the left ventricle

description: A patient with COVID-19 presenting multiple thrombi in the left ventricle
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16934424
title: Rapid Bayesian Inference for Expensive Stochastic Models

description: Almost all fields of science rely upon statistical inference to estimate unknown parameters in theoretical and computational models. While the performance of modern computer hardware continues to grow, the computational requirements for the simulation of models are growing even faster. This is largely due to the increase in model complexity, often including stochastic dynamics, that is necessary to describe and characterize phenomena observed using modern, high resolution, experimental techniques. Such models are rarely analytically tractable, meaning that extremely large numbers of stochastic simulations are required for parameter inference. In such cases, parameter inference can be practically impossible. In this work, we present new computational Bayesian techniques that accelerate inference for expensive stochastic models by using computationally inexpensive approximations to inform feasible regions in parameter space, and through learning transforms that adjust the biased approximate inferences to closer represent the correct inferences under the expensive stochastic model. Using topical examples from ecology and cell biology, we demonstrate a speed improvement of an order of magnitude without any loss in accuracy. This represents a substantial improvement over current state-of-the-art methods for Bayesian computations when appropriate model approximations are available. Supplementary files for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.16934424.v1
title: Rapid Bayesian Inference for Expensive Stochastic Models

description: Almost all fields of science rely upon statistical inference to estimate unknown parameters in theoretical and computational models. While the performance of modern computer hardware continues to grow, the computational requirements for the simulation of models are growing even faster. This is largely due to the increase in model complexity, often including stochastic dynamics, that is necessary to describe and characterize phenomena observed using modern, high resolution, experimental techniques. Such models are rarely analytically tractable, meaning that extremely large numbers of stochastic simulations are required for parameter inference. In such cases, parameter inference can be practically impossible. In this work, we present new computational Bayesian techniques that accelerate inference for expensive stochastic models by using computationally inexpensive approximations to inform feasible regions in parameter space, and through learning transforms that adjust the biased approximate inferences to closer represent the correct inferences under the expensive stochastic model. Using topical examples from ecology and cell biology, we demonstrate a speed improvement of an order of magnitude without any loss in accuracy. This represents a substantial improvement over current state-of-the-art methods for Bayesian computations when appropriate model approximations are available. Supplementary files for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13606611
title: The morphology and chemical composition of cuticular waxes in some Brazilian liverworts and mosses

description: The cuticle, by ensuring protection against water loss, was a key innovation in plant terrestrialisation. This layer is characterised by the cutin matrix embedded and covered with cuticular waxes. In this study we describe the cuticular waxes on gametophytes of several species of liverworts and mosses, including Brazilian endemics. Cuticular waxes from 34 species from different locations in the São Paulo state, Brazil, were analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The compounds were identified based on mass spectra fragmentation. The morphology of the epicuticular waxes was analysed using scanning electron microscopy. The wax content in the liverwort species varied from 0.1 to 4 μg cm<sup>−2</sup>, while in mosses the values ranged from 0.02 to 0.6 μg cm<sup>−2</sup>. The main classes of wax compounds were fatty acids, alkanes, and primary alcohols. Aldehydes, alkenes, esters, ketones, triterpenes, a diacid and a secondary alcohol had a more restricted distribution. The morphology of the epicuticular waxes was predominately of the film type. In general, wax content was higher in the liverworts than in the mosses. Fatty acids and alkanes were the most common class whilst alkenes, ketones, diacid, and a secondary alcohol are described for the first time as wax compounds in bryophyte gametophytes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13606611.v2
title: The morphology and chemical composition of cuticular waxes in some Brazilian liverworts and mosses

description: The cuticle, by ensuring protection against water loss, was a key innovation in plant terrestrialisation. This layer is characterised by the cutin matrix embedded and covered with cuticular waxes. In this study we describe the cuticular waxes on gametophytes of several species of liverworts and mosses, including Brazilian endemics. Cuticular waxes from 34 species from different locations in the São Paulo state, Brazil, were analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The compounds were identified based on mass spectra fragmentation. The morphology of the epicuticular waxes was analysed using scanning electron microscopy. The wax content in the liverwort species varied from 0.1 to 4 μg cm<sup>−2</sup>, while in mosses the values ranged from 0.02 to 0.6 μg cm<sup>−2</sup>. The main classes of wax compounds were fatty acids, alkanes, and primary alcohols. Aldehydes, alkenes, esters, ketones, triterpenes, a diacid and a secondary alcohol had a more restricted distribution. The morphology of the epicuticular waxes was predominately of the film type. In general, wax content was higher in the liverworts than in the mosses. Fatty acids and alkanes were the most common class whilst alkenes, ketones, diacid, and a secondary alcohol are described for the first time as wax compounds in bryophyte gametophytes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13606611.v1
title: The morphology and chemical composition of cuticular waxes in some Brazilian liverworts and mosses

description: The cuticle, by ensuring protection against water loss, was a key innovation in plant terrestrialisation. This layer is characterised by the cutin matrix embedded and covered with cuticular waxes. In this study we describe the cuticular waxes on gametophytes of several species of liverworts and mosses, including Brazilian endemics. Cuticular waxes from 34 species from different locations in the São Paulo state, Brazil, were analysed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The compounds were identified based on mass spectra fragmentation. The morphology of the epicuticular waxes was analysed using scanning electron microscopy. The wax content in the liverwort species varied from 0.1 to 4 μg cm<sup>−2</sup>, while in mosses the values ranged from 0.02 to 0.6 μg cm<sup>−2</sup>. The main classes of wax compounds were fatty acids, alkanes, and primary alcohols. Aldehydes, alkenes, esters, ketones, triterpenes, a diacid and a secondary alcohol had a more restricted distribution. The morphology of the epicuticular waxes was predominately of the film type. In general, wax content was higher in the liverworts than in the mosses. Fatty acids and alkanes were the most common class whilst alkenes, ketones, diacid, and a secondary alcohol are described for the first time as wax compounds in bryophyte gametophytes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13019812
title: Strong female bias in the expressed sex ratio of <i>Saccogyna viticulosa</i> (L.) Dumort. (Marchantiophyta: Saccogynaceae) in Britain

description: Strong female bias in the expressed sex ratio of <i>Saccogyna viticulosa</i> (L.) Dumort. (Marchantiophyta: Saccogynaceae) in Britain
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.13019812.v1
title: Strong female bias in the expressed sex ratio of <i>Saccogyna viticulosa</i> (L.) Dumort. (Marchantiophyta: Saccogynaceae) in Britain

description: Strong female bias in the expressed sex ratio of <i>Saccogyna viticulosa</i> (L.) Dumort. (Marchantiophyta: Saccogynaceae) in Britain
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12931001
title: Healthcare costs of NVAF patients treated with rivaroxaban and apixaban in the US

description: To provide the most current assessment of real-world healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who newly initiated rivaroxaban and apixaban using a large US database. A retrospective weighted cohort design was used with healthcare insurance claims from the Optum Clinformatics Data Mart databases (January 2012–December 2018). The index date was defined as the first dispensing of rivaroxaban or apixaban. Adult NVAF patients with an index date on or after 1 January 2016, ≥ 12 months of continuous eligibility before the index date and ≥ 1 month after, and without prior use of oral anticoagulant were included. The observation period spanned from the index date to the earliest of the end of data availability, end of insurance coverage, or death. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between cohorts. All-cause healthcare resource utilization (HRU), including hospitalization, emergency room, and outpatient visits, and healthcare costs, including medical and pharmacy costs, were evaluated from the payer’s perspective during the observation period up to 18 and 24 months, separately. In total, 23,822 rivaroxaban and 53,666 apixaban users were included. After weighting, all baseline characteristics were well balanced between cohorts (mean age: 73.8 years, female: 46.6% in both cohorts). Up to 18 months of follow-up, rivaroxaban users incurred significantly lower total healthcare costs compared to apixaban users (cost difference = −$1,121; <i>p</i> = 0.020), driven by significantly lower rates of outpatient hospital visits and associated costs (cost difference = −$1,579; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Similar results were found in the analysis conducted for up to 24 months of follow-up (total cost difference = ‒$1,111; <i>p</i> = 0.020). In this large retrospective analysis, patients with NVAF initiated on rivaroxaban incurred significantly lower healthcare costs compared to those initiated on apixaban, which were primarily driven by significantly lower outpatient visits and costs during the 18- and 24-month follow-up periods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12931001.v1
title: Healthcare costs of NVAF patients treated with rivaroxaban and apixaban in the US

description: To provide the most current assessment of real-world healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) who newly initiated rivaroxaban and apixaban using a large US database. A retrospective weighted cohort design was used with healthcare insurance claims from the Optum Clinformatics Data Mart databases (January 2012–December 2018). The index date was defined as the first dispensing of rivaroxaban or apixaban. Adult NVAF patients with an index date on or after 1 January 2016, ≥ 12 months of continuous eligibility before the index date and ≥ 1 month after, and without prior use of oral anticoagulant were included. The observation period spanned from the index date to the earliest of the end of data availability, end of insurance coverage, or death. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics between cohorts. All-cause healthcare resource utilization (HRU), including hospitalization, emergency room, and outpatient visits, and healthcare costs, including medical and pharmacy costs, were evaluated from the payer’s perspective during the observation period up to 18 and 24 months, separately. In total, 23,822 rivaroxaban and 53,666 apixaban users were included. After weighting, all baseline characteristics were well balanced between cohorts (mean age: 73.8 years, female: 46.6% in both cohorts). Up to 18 months of follow-up, rivaroxaban users incurred significantly lower total healthcare costs compared to apixaban users (cost difference = −$1,121; <i>p</i> = 0.020), driven by significantly lower rates of outpatient hospital visits and associated costs (cost difference = −$1,579; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Similar results were found in the analysis conducted for up to 24 months of follow-up (total cost difference = ‒$1,111; <i>p</i> = 0.020). In this large retrospective analysis, patients with NVAF initiated on rivaroxaban incurred significantly lower healthcare costs compared to those initiated on apixaban, which were primarily driven by significantly lower outpatient visits and costs during the 18- and 24-month follow-up periods.