cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279747
title: DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR AND WELFARE OF BROILERS

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop a software based on image processing and computer vision techniques for monitoring the feeding/collective behavior of broilers (Cobb) and validate it based on the results obtained from the visual analysis of an expert. The visual analysis was performed based on the observation and quantification of behaviors in the interval of 10 min at each hour of the day, in the period of 24 hours, totaling 1728 frames/day, for males and females. The software was developed using the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm, for labeling clusters, which would basically be the grouping of similar pixels. This software is written in the 1999 standard of the C language. After this stage of programming, the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm identified the birds in the region of interest (feeder and drinker), with removal of the background color to obtain the descriptors, using the same range of visual analysis. Then, the software was validated through linear regression analysis, using the R platform. Based on the correlation analyses, it was found that the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.74 to 0.97 for all software validation events. The number of broilers in the regions of interest showed R2 above 0.70 for females and above 0.89 for males, which allowed the characterization of the ingestive behavior of broilers by computer vision. Some factors that caused interference in the accuracy of the software were decisive for the result, especially the arrangement of the cameras, uneven lighting, obstruction caused by the lighting system, pendular movement of the feeders and drinker, and shade generated by them. Despite the highlighted interferences, the results allowed us to infer that the software identified and quantified the feeding behavior of broilers in an appropriate manner.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279738.v1
title: OPERATIONAL AND ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF 250 kW DOUBLE WHEELED VERSUS RUBBER HALF-TRACKED TRACTORS IN THE SOYBEAN SOWING

description: ABSTRACT The technological innovation in agriculture seeks to improve the performance of mechanized assemblies and, currently, rubber half-tracks are a valuable solution for agricultural tractors, combining traction performance and less soil compaction. The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the operational and energy performance of double wheeled versus rubber half-tracked agricultural tractors in the soybean sowing. The experiment was conducted in a strip-plot design with a double factorial arrangement (2×3). The first factor consisted of a tractor with double wheels on the front and rear axles versus a tractor with single wheels on the front axle and rubber half-tracks on the rear axle, while the second factor consisted of three different gears, with five replications, totaling 30 experimental units. The collected data were subjected to analysis of variance and, when significant, to the Tukey test. The sowing operation carried out with the half-tracked tractor was the most efficient in most of the analyzed parameters, allowing higher operational and energy efficiency in the soybean sowing.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279749.v1
title: SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF IRRIGATED COMMON BEAN YIELD CORRELATED WITH THE FERTILITY OF A SANDY SOIL

description: ABSTRACT The common bean is widely cultivated in Brazil. In the 2016–2017 growing season, an experiment was carried out in a Typic Quartzipsamment (or Neossolo Quartzarênico) soil in the municipality of Cassilândia, MS, Brazil, with the aim of characterizing specific aspects of soil management, using a linear and spatial correlation between the irrigated yield of common beans and the chemical properties of the soil. Soil samples were collected from layers at depths 0.00–0.10 and 0.10–0.20 m, within a grid of 117 georeferenced points. A data analysis was carried out using statistical and geostatistical techniques. A multiple regression analysis showed that about 31% of the grain yield variability of the irrigated common bean crop could be attributed to the spatial variability in the chemical properties of the soil. These properties have a spatial dependence that is classified as moderate and strong, with a predominantly Gaussian-type semivariogram model. Soil properties such as pH(1), pH(2), S(2) and V%(2) can be considered potential indicators of the grain yield of an irrigated common bean crop when cultivated in a sandy soil under a no-tillage system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279751
title: APPLICABILITY OF THE SWAT HYDROLOGICAL MODEL IN THE MUCURI RIVER BASIN

description: ABSTRACT Land-use changes promote significant variations in streamflow regimes, and hydrological models allow studying their impacts. Based on this approach, this study aimed to assess the applicability of the SWAT model for different land-use scenarios and their respective impacts on the flow regime of the Mucuri River. The average monthly and daily water balance was generated after the calibration and validation of the SWAT model in the basin. Three land-use scenarios were analyzed in relation to the current land use, as follows: replacement of the agricultural area by the eucalyptus crop, replacement of the native forest area by the sugarcane crop, and replacement of pasture by exposed soil. The results showed that the SWAT model is adequate to simulate the land-use change and its impact on the flow regime of the Mucuri River; the replacement of agriculture by eucalyptus in the basin led to a decrease in the average and minimum reference streamflows; and the replacement of the forest cover by sugarcane and pasture by exposed soil provided an increase in the average and minimum reference streamflows.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279747.v1
title: DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR AND WELFARE OF BROILERS

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop a software based on image processing and computer vision techniques for monitoring the feeding/collective behavior of broilers (Cobb) and validate it based on the results obtained from the visual analysis of an expert. The visual analysis was performed based on the observation and quantification of behaviors in the interval of 10 min at each hour of the day, in the period of 24 hours, totaling 1728 frames/day, for males and females. The software was developed using the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm, for labeling clusters, which would basically be the grouping of similar pixels. This software is written in the 1999 standard of the C language. After this stage of programming, the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm identified the birds in the region of interest (feeder and drinker), with removal of the background color to obtain the descriptors, using the same range of visual analysis. Then, the software was validated through linear regression analysis, using the R platform. Based on the correlation analyses, it was found that the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.74 to 0.97 for all software validation events. The number of broilers in the regions of interest showed R2 above 0.70 for females and above 0.89 for males, which allowed the characterization of the ingestive behavior of broilers by computer vision. Some factors that caused interference in the accuracy of the software were decisive for the result, especially the arrangement of the cameras, uneven lighting, obstruction caused by the lighting system, pendular movement of the feeders and drinker, and shade generated by them. Despite the highlighted interferences, the results allowed us to infer that the software identified and quantified the feeding behavior of broilers in an appropriate manner.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279749
title: SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF IRRIGATED COMMON BEAN YIELD CORRELATED WITH THE FERTILITY OF A SANDY SOIL

description: ABSTRACT The common bean is widely cultivated in Brazil. In the 2016–2017 growing season, an experiment was carried out in a Typic Quartzipsamment (or Neossolo Quartzarênico) soil in the municipality of Cassilândia, MS, Brazil, with the aim of characterizing specific aspects of soil management, using a linear and spatial correlation between the irrigated yield of common beans and the chemical properties of the soil. Soil samples were collected from layers at depths 0.00–0.10 and 0.10–0.20 m, within a grid of 117 georeferenced points. A data analysis was carried out using statistical and geostatistical techniques. A multiple regression analysis showed that about 31% of the grain yield variability of the irrigated common bean crop could be attributed to the spatial variability in the chemical properties of the soil. These properties have a spatial dependence that is classified as moderate and strong, with a predominantly Gaussian-type semivariogram model. Soil properties such as pH(1), pH(2), S(2) and V%(2) can be considered potential indicators of the grain yield of an irrigated common bean crop when cultivated in a sandy soil under a no-tillage system.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279751.v1
title: APPLICABILITY OF THE SWAT HYDROLOGICAL MODEL IN THE MUCURI RIVER BASIN

description: ABSTRACT Land-use changes promote significant variations in streamflow regimes, and hydrological models allow studying their impacts. Based on this approach, this study aimed to assess the applicability of the SWAT model for different land-use scenarios and their respective impacts on the flow regime of the Mucuri River. The average monthly and daily water balance was generated after the calibration and validation of the SWAT model in the basin. Three land-use scenarios were analyzed in relation to the current land use, as follows: replacement of the agricultural area by the eucalyptus crop, replacement of the native forest area by the sugarcane crop, and replacement of pasture by exposed soil. The results showed that the SWAT model is adequate to simulate the land-use change and its impact on the flow regime of the Mucuri River; the replacement of agriculture by eucalyptus in the basin led to a decrease in the average and minimum reference streamflows; and the replacement of the forest cover by sugarcane and pasture by exposed soil provided an increase in the average and minimum reference streamflows.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279753.v1
title: WATER-RETAINING POLYMER MITIGATES THE WATER DEFICIT IN Schinus terebinthifolia: PHOTOSYNTHETIC METABOLISM AND INITIAL GROWTH

description: ABSTRACT The use of water-retaining polymer (hydrogel) can mitigate the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus and increase the robustness of young plants under water deficit conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of water-retaining polymer on the morphophysiological aspects of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi submitted to water deficit. The studied water regimes were characterized by three plant irrigation management: 1) control: irrigated daily, 2) stress: water deficit (irrigation suspension) and 3) stress + hydrogel: water deficit + water-retaining polymer. The plants were submitted to irrigation suspension until photosynthesis approached zero [1st P0], followed by resumption of irrigation (REI) for 15 days. After REI, until recovery of photosynthetic rate of plants, the maintenance of irrigation of all plants for 90 days, characterizing the final recovery (125th day of experiment). The photosynthetic rate reached values close to zero in plants under stress on the 20th day of water restriction, whereas the plants in conditions with hydrogel did not show a decrease in leaf metabolism. Excluding intercellular CO2 concentration, physiological parameters were lower on 1st P0 in plants under water deficit grown without hydrogel than those in plants grown with hydrogel, but all plants showed physiological plasticity. The use hydrogel contributed to the maintenance of the photosynthetic capacity of S. terebinthifolia under water deficit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279752
title: BIOGAS YIELD AND PRODUCTIVENESS OF SWINE MANURE FOR DIFFERENT REACTOR CONFIGURATIONS

description: ABSTRACT The progression of the organic loading rate (OLR) up to a certain limit increases biogas production. The limit and operation range vary according to the configuration of the reactor and are associated with other variables that generate different results with respect to biogas yield (BY) and biogas productiveness (BP). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the OLR on the BY and BP from swine manure in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors (UASBs). In the assay with the CSTR, the best operational condition was at an OLR of 0.7 gVS add L−1 reactor d−1 and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 18 days. At this operational condition, 0.8 LN biogas gVS add−1 of BY and 0.6 LN biogas L−1 reactor d−1 of BP were obtained. In the assay with the UASB, the best operational condition was at an OLR of 2.2 gVS add L−1 reactor d−1 and an HRT of two days, and 0.7 LN biogas gvs add−1 of BY and 1.6 LN biogas L−1 reactor d−1 of BP were obtained. The results demonstrate the effects of OLR changes on the biogas production in the CSTR and UASB, avoiding the underutilization or overloading of such equipment and enabling collaboration in projects for power generation from biogas in swine farms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279753
title: WATER-RETAINING POLYMER MITIGATES THE WATER DEFICIT IN Schinus terebinthifolia: PHOTOSYNTHETIC METABOLISM AND INITIAL GROWTH

description: ABSTRACT The use of water-retaining polymer (hydrogel) can mitigate the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus and increase the robustness of young plants under water deficit conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of water-retaining polymer on the morphophysiological aspects of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi submitted to water deficit. The studied water regimes were characterized by three plant irrigation management: 1) control: irrigated daily, 2) stress: water deficit (irrigation suspension) and 3) stress + hydrogel: water deficit + water-retaining polymer. The plants were submitted to irrigation suspension until photosynthesis approached zero [1st P0], followed by resumption of irrigation (REI) for 15 days. After REI, until recovery of photosynthetic rate of plants, the maintenance of irrigation of all plants for 90 days, characterizing the final recovery (125th day of experiment). The photosynthetic rate reached values close to zero in plants under stress on the 20th day of water restriction, whereas the plants in conditions with hydrogel did not show a decrease in leaf metabolism. Excluding intercellular CO2 concentration, physiological parameters were lower on 1st P0 in plants under water deficit grown without hydrogel than those in plants grown with hydrogel, but all plants showed physiological plasticity. The use hydrogel contributed to the maintenance of the photosynthetic capacity of S. terebinthifolia under water deficit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279756
title: EFFECTS OF SOIL WATER AVAILABILITY AND ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT ON FRUIT YIELD AND SEED OIL CONTENT OF CASTOR BEAN1

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the castor bean cultivar “BRS 188 Paraguaçu” to available soil water for plants and soil organic matter content based on their effects on fruit yield and seed oil content. A 2 × 4 factorial experiment was conducted from October 2008 to March 2009 under field conditions using randomized complete block design; two soil organic matter contents (5.0 and 25.0 g·kg−1) and four available soil water levels for plants at the irrigation time (70, 80, 90, and 100% of the total available soil water) with three replicates were tested. On each experimental unit measuring 100 m2, 50 plants were cultivated with a spacing of 2 m × 1 m (24 useful and 26 border plants). Analysis of variance (F test) was performed; qualitative factors (soil organic matter) were compared by Tukey's test and quantitative factors (available soil water) by regression analysis. Increased soil organic matter and available soil water for plants substantially increased productivity; however, seed oil content, mean 100-seed mass, mean 100-fruit mass, and seed:fruit ratio were affected by available soil water content alone. Therefore, the tested cultivar is sensitive to reduced available soil water content, which severely decreases its productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279752.v1
title: BIOGAS YIELD AND PRODUCTIVENESS OF SWINE MANURE FOR DIFFERENT REACTOR CONFIGURATIONS

description: ABSTRACT The progression of the organic loading rate (OLR) up to a certain limit increases biogas production. The limit and operation range vary according to the configuration of the reactor and are associated with other variables that generate different results with respect to biogas yield (BY) and biogas productiveness (BP). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the OLR on the BY and BP from swine manure in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) and upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors (UASBs). In the assay with the CSTR, the best operational condition was at an OLR of 0.7 gVS add L−1 reactor d−1 and a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 18 days. At this operational condition, 0.8 LN biogas gVS add−1 of BY and 0.6 LN biogas L−1 reactor d−1 of BP were obtained. In the assay with the UASB, the best operational condition was at an OLR of 2.2 gVS add L−1 reactor d−1 and an HRT of two days, and 0.7 LN biogas gvs add−1 of BY and 1.6 LN biogas L−1 reactor d−1 of BP were obtained. The results demonstrate the effects of OLR changes on the biogas production in the CSTR and UASB, avoiding the underutilization or overloading of such equipment and enabling collaboration in projects for power generation from biogas in swine farms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279756.v1
title: EFFECTS OF SOIL WATER AVAILABILITY AND ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT ON FRUIT YIELD AND SEED OIL CONTENT OF CASTOR BEAN1

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the castor bean cultivar “BRS 188 Paraguaçu” to available soil water for plants and soil organic matter content based on their effects on fruit yield and seed oil content. A 2 × 4 factorial experiment was conducted from October 2008 to March 2009 under field conditions using randomized complete block design; two soil organic matter contents (5.0 and 25.0 g·kg−1) and four available soil water levels for plants at the irrigation time (70, 80, 90, and 100% of the total available soil water) with three replicates were tested. On each experimental unit measuring 100 m2, 50 plants were cultivated with a spacing of 2 m × 1 m (24 useful and 26 border plants). Analysis of variance (F test) was performed; qualitative factors (soil organic matter) were compared by Tukey's test and quantitative factors (available soil water) by regression analysis. Increased soil organic matter and available soil water for plants substantially increased productivity; however, seed oil content, mean 100-seed mass, mean 100-fruit mass, and seed:fruit ratio were affected by available soil water content alone. Therefore, the tested cultivar is sensitive to reduced available soil water content, which severely decreases its productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279758
title: PERFORMANCE OF AIR INDUCTION SPRAY NOZZLE MODELS UNDER DIFFERENT OPERATING CONDITIONS

description: ABSTRACT For the successful application of phytosanitary products, it is essential to understand the spraying process well. The present work aims to evaluate the spectrum and speed of the droplets produced by different spray nozzle models with air induction, working under different operating conditions. The experiment was conducted using an entirely randomized design with five repetitions in a 3 × 3 × 3 factor scheme that incorporates three nozzle models (ADIA, AIXR, and GA), three nominal flows (0.76, 1.14, and 1.51 L min−1), and three operating pressures (200, 300, and 400 kPa). The spectrum and speed of the droplets were determined directly using a real-time droplet analyzer based on high-resolution image analysis. The spray nozzle model interfered with the results. The ADIA promoted Dv0.5 (VMD) higher than AIXR and GA, reaching differences of up to 90%. The increase in pressure promoted a reduction in the droplet size; however, there was no well-defined behavior for the relationship between the flow rate and droplet size. The ADIA and AIXR gave rise to greater uniformity of the droplets in most of the evaluated conditions. The increase in pressure promoted an increase in the speed of the droplets. However, the effect of the nozzle model on this parameter was dependent on the flow.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279761
title: HYDROPONIC CULTIVATION OF CORIANDER USING FRESH AND BRACKISH WATERS WITH DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES OF THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION

description: ABSTRACT A large number of studies on salinity in hydroponic systems have been carried out, but few of them have evaluated the interaction between salinity and nutrient solution temperatures. Two experiments were carried out in a randomized block design from January to February (Experiment I) and June to July 2018 (Experiment II). Experiment I consisted of treatments with five combinations, as follows: unheated (control) and heated nutrient solution (NS) at a temperature of 32°C using fresh water with an electrical conductivity (ECw) of 0.3 dS m−1, and unheated and heated NS at temperatures of 30 and 32°C using brackish water with an ECw of 6.5 dS m−1 in the main plots, with two coriander cultivars (Tabocas and Verdão) in the subplots, which were grown in the same hydroponic channel. The cultivar Verdão was grown in Experiment II in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of two NS temperatures (unheated and heated at 30°C) and two ECw levels (0.3 and 6.5 dS m−1). Coriander cultivation is feasible with heated NS despite decreases in shoot fresh matter production compared to the control of approximately 37% for Experiment I (cultivar Verdão at a temperature of 32°C and using fresh water) and 17% for Experiment II (temperature of 30°C and using fresh and brackish waters) at 25 days after transplanting.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279758.v1
title: PERFORMANCE OF AIR INDUCTION SPRAY NOZZLE MODELS UNDER DIFFERENT OPERATING CONDITIONS

description: ABSTRACT For the successful application of phytosanitary products, it is essential to understand the spraying process well. The present work aims to evaluate the spectrum and speed of the droplets produced by different spray nozzle models with air induction, working under different operating conditions. The experiment was conducted using an entirely randomized design with five repetitions in a 3 × 3 × 3 factor scheme that incorporates three nozzle models (ADIA, AIXR, and GA), three nominal flows (0.76, 1.14, and 1.51 L min−1), and three operating pressures (200, 300, and 400 kPa). The spectrum and speed of the droplets were determined directly using a real-time droplet analyzer based on high-resolution image analysis. The spray nozzle model interfered with the results. The ADIA promoted Dv0.5 (VMD) higher than AIXR and GA, reaching differences of up to 90%. The increase in pressure promoted a reduction in the droplet size; however, there was no well-defined behavior for the relationship between the flow rate and droplet size. The ADIA and AIXR gave rise to greater uniformity of the droplets in most of the evaluated conditions. The increase in pressure promoted an increase in the speed of the droplets. However, the effect of the nozzle model on this parameter was dependent on the flow.