cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.4231/03fm-xn05
title: Data for Permafrost Degradation Diminishes Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration Capacity on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

description: &lt;p&gt;Effects of permafrost degradation on carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) have rarely been analyzed. This study used a revised process-based biogeochemical model to quantify the effects in the region during the 21st century. Permafrost degradation would expose 0.98&plusmn;0.49 (mean&plusmn;SD) and 2.17&plusmn;0.38 Pg C of soil organic carbon under the representative concentration pathway (RCP) 4.5 and the RCP 8.5, respectively. Among them, more than 25% will be decomposed, enhancing heterotrophic respiration by 9.54&plusmn;5.20 (RCP 4.5) and 38.72&plusmn;17.49 (RCP 8.5) Tg C/yr in 2099. Deep soil N supply due to thawing permafrost is not accessible to plants, providing limited benefits to plant growth and only stimulating net primary production by 6.95&plusmn;5.28 (RCP 4.5) and 27.97&plusmn;12.82 (RCP 8.5) Tg C/yr in 2099. As a result, permafrost degradation would weaken the regional C sink (net ecosystem production) by 303.55&plusmn;254.80 (RCP 4.5) and 518.43&plusmn;234.04 (RCP 8.5) Tg C cumulatively during 2020&ndash;2099.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This dataset includes the main results of this study.  The Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) was adopted in this study to account for the effects of exposed permafrost C and N to ecosystem C cycling in the permafrost region on the QTP.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;TEM was driven with spatially referenced climate data from 2006 to 2099, including air temperature (℃), precipitation (mm), and incident short-wave solar radiation (W/m2). These data were derived from four global circulation models (GCMs: IPSL-CM5A-LR, GFDL-ESM2M, MIROC5, and HadGEM2-ES) in the second simulation round of the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISI-MIP 2b). And the simulation was conducted under two climate scenarios of the Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5 (RCP 4.5) and RCP 8.5, which correspond to radiative forcing levels of 4.5 and 8.5 W/m2 by 2100, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class="Abstract"&gt;To determine the direct effects of ALT deepening on ecosystem C dynamics, we carried out two simulations: &lt;a name="_Hlk82726211"&gt;the referenced simulation (SR) and the transient simulation (ST)&lt;/a&gt;. The two simulations share the same model inputs but have differences in model structure. They are identical until 2020. After that, ALT changes with climate in ST but remains constant in SR. Therefore, C and N pools do not change with ALT in SR after 2020 but are influenced by ALT in ST. Through comparing the results of these two simulations, the direct effects of ALT changes on ecosystem C dynamics can be estimated.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Dataset about the effects of permafrost degradation on C and N cycling on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in the 21st century
DOI: 10.4231/b3m8-0767
title: Water chemistry and ecology of floodplain lakes in the Wabash-White River Basin

description: &lt;p&gt;Floodplain lakes are important aquatic resources for supporting ecosystem services, such as organismal habitat, biodiversity, and the retention of nutrients and sediment. Due to geomorphic alteration of river channels and land-cover change, degradation to floodplain lakes in the Ohio River basin is occurring at a rate that will escalate as climate change causes increased flood intensity and the seasonal redistribution of rainfall. A better understanding of the local drivers that affect oxbow lakes is needed for targeted floodplain restoration efforts designed to slow degradation. We examined the effects of land cover, topography, and hydrologic connectivity on water quality and fish diversity and abundance in nine floodplain lakes with potentially high remnant ecological function in the Wabash-White watershed (Indiana and Illinois). Data collection included water-quality parameters; stable water isotopes; total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll-&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;; and fish community diversity and abundance. Results indicate that land cover in hay and pasture and decreased topographic relief in the local oxbow watersheds, along with reduced surface hydrologic connectivity, were related to an increase in total phosphorus, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll-&lt;em&gt;a&lt;/em&gt;. Greater biodiversity and abundance in fish assemblages were evident in oxbow lakes that were more disconnected from the main channel. The results of this study suggest that local land cover, topography, and hydrologic connectivity to the main channel influence nutrients and fish communities. Knowing the influencing factors can help ecosystem managers better protect these valuable floodplain lake ecosystems and prioritize restoration efforts amidst increasing stressors due to climate and land-use changes.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Data that show drivers of water chemistry, fish abundance and diversity of oxbow lakes in the Wabash-White River Basin.
DOI: 10.4231/37py-k896
title: Jupyter Notebook for Reduced models of unidirectional flows in compliant rectangular ducts at finite Reynolds number

description: &lt;p&gt;The Jupyter Notebook &#39;heff_pof.ipynb&#39; in this dataset generates all the solutions and the plots in the published paper &quot;Reduced models of unidirectional flows in compliant rectangular ducts at finite Reynolds number&quot; by Wang and Christov in &lt;em&gt;Physics of Fluids&lt;/em&gt;, 2021.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;A python distribution is required to run the notebook. The notebook has several sections, each of which produces a corresponding plot from the paper. Some plots are based on analytical formulas derived in the paper, while others require the numerical solution of differential or algebraic/transcendental equations. Standard methods from numpy, scipy and matplotlib are used for numerical calculations,  including solving of nonlinear boundary value problems, and plotting.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Inferences based on these results/plots and discussion of their meaning/implications can be found in the published paper. &lt;/p&gt;
description: The Jupyter Notebook generates all the data and makes all the plots in the published paper "Reduced models of unidirectional flows in compliant rectangular ducts at finite Reynolds number" by Wang and Christov in Phys. Fluids, 2021.
DOI: 10.4231/fb9p-5991
title: A multi-modality approach for enhancing 4D flow MRI via sparse representation

description: &lt;p&gt;The data and source code provided in this publication was used to enhance the blood flow measurements with in vivo 4D flow MRI in cerebral aneurysms using a multi-modality approach. The approach, named Multi-modality Sparse Representation (MSR), reconstructs the velocity field from 4D flow MRI by searching for a sparse representation in a library of high-resolution velocity fields obtained from CFD and &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt; PTV. The MSR reconstruction enhanced the spatial resolution and velocity accuracy of the MRI data, and improved the reliability of the flow-derived hemodynamic parameters including pressure and wall shear stress (WSS).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;The data provided here contains the velocity fields from in vivo 4D flow MRI, in vitro PTV, and patient-specific CFD simulations in two cerebral aneurysms stored in MATLAB file format. The source code is written in Python.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Data and source code to enhance the blood flow measurements and the hemodynamic analysis with 4D flow MRI in cerebral aneurysms using multi-modality data and sparse representation.
DOI: 10.4231/pdkt-q131
title: ABAQUS Code for the Simulation of Interlocked Irregular Square Tilings

description: &lt;p&gt;A set of three input files for the FE code ABAQUS are provided to simulate the response of topologically interlocked material systems. &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;File #1 is an input file for a model for a topologically interlocked material system based on a regular square tiling.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;File #2 and #3 are input files for models for topologically interlocked material systems based on irregular square tilings.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This work was supported by NSF Award 1662177.&lt;/p&gt;
description: A set of three input files for ABAQUS models to simulate the response of interlocked irregular square tilings subjected to displacement loading.
DOI: 10.4231/09gc-n526
title: An eDNA Evaluation of North American River Otter Diet with Respect to Fishes

description: &lt;p&gt;The northern river otter &lt;em&gt;Lontra canadensis&lt;/em&gt; is a semi-aquatic mammal in the &lt;a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weasel_family" title="Weasel family"&gt;weasel family&lt;/a&gt; (Mustelidae) that is endemic to much of the Upper Midwest in the United States. Once abundant, otters in Indiana were extirpated due to habitat losses and unregulated trapping, but subsequent reintroduction efforts were successful, and the population has expanded markedly since 1995. Unfortunately, due to the primarily piscine diet of otters, this demographic growth in Indiana has &lt;a name="_Hlk66779031"&gt;led to conflict with stakeholders who are interested in recreational fisheries&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a name="_Hlk66779113"&gt;. We conducted a pilot environmental DNA (eDNA) study to determine if sequences derived from the stomachs of trapper-harvested otters could be used to identify their fish prey species. &lt;/a&gt;We first collected representatives of 33 wild fish species from Indiana watersheds for use as positive controls, generated mitochondrial DNA barcoding sequences from each species, then identified the best sequence match in publicly available DNA repositories using an established pipeline. We determined that our barcoding assay matched &gt;90% of our fish samples were assigned to the designated genus or species. We then dissected stomachs from 14 otter carcasses and performed multiple independent DNA extractions and metabarcoding sequencing reactions on the prey bolus from each stomach. Finally, we designated taxonomic assignments to prey by using an algorithm that clusters identical sequences into meaningful operational taxonomic units. We found nearly two dozen fish species represented in otter stomachs including some species of interest to recreational anglers, such as Largemouth Bass &lt;em&gt;Micropterus salmoides &lt;/em&gt;and Bluegill &lt;em&gt;Lepomis macrochirus &lt;/em&gt;(detected in 14% and 21% of the otter stomachs, respectively). The most common species represented were the Northern Hog Sucker &lt;em&gt;Hypentelium nigricans&lt;/em&gt;, Stonerollers &lt;em&gt;Campostoma&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;anomalum&lt;/em&gt; or &lt;em&gt;C. oligolepis&lt;/em&gt;, and various sunfishes. This proof-of-concept work demonstrates that DNA sequencing of stomach contents can provide useful insights into the carnivore diet.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Data and the Supplementary materials for the paper: An eDNA Evaluation of North American River Otter Diet with Respect to Fishes
DOI: 10.4231/stqe-9a91
title: Input from torus longitudinalis drives binocularity and spatial summation in zebrafish optic tectum

description: &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: A common feature of vertebrate visual systems is that lower-order and higher-order visual areas are reciprocally connected. Feedforward projections confer visual responsiveness to higher-order visual neurons while feedback projections likely serve to modulate responses of lower-order visual neurons in a context-dependent manner. Optic tectum is the largest first-order visual brain area in zebrafish and is reciprocally connected with the torus longitudinalis (TL), a second-order visual brain area that does not receive retinal input. A functional role for feedback projections from TL to tectum has not been identified.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: In this study we demonstrate that TL feedback projections to tectum drive binocular integration and spatial summation in a defined tectal circuit. We performed genetically targeted, cell type-specific functional imaging in tectal pyramidal neurons (PyrNs) and their two input neuron populations: retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and neurons in TL. We find that PyrNs encode gradual changes in scene luminance using a complement of three distinct response classes that encode different light intensity ranges. Functional imaging of RGC inputs to tectum suggest that these response classes originate in the retina and RGC input specifies PyrN functional classes. In contrast, TL input serves to endow PyrNs with large, compound receptive fields that span both retinal hemifields.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings reveal a novel role for the zebrafish TL in driving binocular integration and spatial summation in tectal PyrNs. The neurlal circuitry we describe generates a population of tectal neurons with large receptive fields tailored for detecting changes in the visual scene.&lt;/p&gt;
description: In this study we demonstrate that torus longitudinalis feedback projections to tectum drive binocular integration and spatial summation in a defined tectal circuit. These findings reveal a novel role for the zebrafish torus longitudinalis.
DOI: 10.4231/jz10-fh54
title: Current and projected global lake methane emissions by mechanistic modeling

description: &lt;p&gt;This dataset includes modeled global lake methane diffusive, ebullitive, and total fluxes at 0.5 by 0.5 degree, averaged by lake surface area. Simulations were run under three climate scenarios: present (2004-2006), rcp8.5 using HadGEM2-ES (2094-2096), and rcp8.5 using GFDL-ESM2M (2094-2096), and the annual mean values were computed.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Model output of methane diffusive, ebullitive, and total fluxes.
DOI: 10.4231/cafs-9a27
title: Data for: Theoretical study of early time superradiance for atom clouds and arrays

description: &lt;p&gt;This data is for a paper where we explore conditions for Dicke superradiance in a cloud of atoms by examining the Taylor series expansion of the photon emission rate at $t= 0$. By defining superradiance as an increasing photon emission rate for $tsim 0$, we have calculated the conditions for superradiance for a variety of cases. We investigate superradiance as defined for photon emission into all angles as well as directional superradiance where the photon emission is only detected in a particular direction. Although all of the examples are for two level atoms that are fully inverted at $t=0$, we also give equations for partially inverted two level atoms and for fully inverted multilevel atoms. We give an algorithm for efficiently evaluating these equations for atom arrays and determine superradiance conditions for large atom number.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Data used in the figures of Phys. Rev. A 104, 063706 (2021) with short information in FILE_INFO.txt. Also contains .eps files and gnuplot routines.
DOI: 10.4231/6cy1-5605
title: SAWBO YouTube Analytics from 02-18-2011 to 10-09-2018

description: &lt;p&gt;Given the popularity, reach, and variable accessibility of online platforms as channels for informal education by higher-education institutions (HEIs), it becomes practically and theoretically important to better understand the factors that affect the impact and reach of any such Internet-delivered ICT informal learning. Accordingly, this study analysed viewer data from one informal, science animation educational channel on the currently the most-watched online platform, YouTube, to measure characteristics affecting the videos&rsquo; impact and reach. Results from the study identified the most watched videos on the channel&mdash;including survival gardening using drip irrigation, charcoal water filtration, and tuberculosis prevention&mdash;and characteristic demand, time, location, and volume of video access. While the basic findings reaffirm prior research measuring statistically significant correlations between user-activity and YouTube engagement metrics (including watch time, view counts, likes, and subscribes), they also demonstrate the and ability to make such content broadly applicable across demographics and globally. Offering some measure of insights for boosting HEI participation in informal educational science animation and ICT learning practices using platforms like YouTube&mdash;especially around the topics of water, agriculture, food security, and improved health outcomes&mdash;the findings also point to where improved methods for reaching the intended recipients of informal education online are needed to best leverage the potential of such platforms.&lt;/p&gt;
description: SAWBO YouTube Analytics from 02-18-2011 to 10-09-2018
DOI: 10.4231/a0qc-7e03
title: Evaluating the variability of surface soil moisture simulated within CMIP5 using SMAP data

description: &lt;p&gt;This dataset contains the main codes and data to generate the results in the paper &quot;Evaluating the variability of surface soil moisture simulated within CMIP5 using SMAP data&quot;. These results are created by MATLAB.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;There are significant biases and uncertainties in the simulated soil moisture with land surface models. Here we evaluate multimodel differences in Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) compared to Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) products on different time scales. The variability of surface soil moisture (SSM) within three frequency bands (7 ~ 30 days, 30 ~ 90 days, and 90 ~ 365 days) after normalization is quantified using Fourier transform for the evaluation. Compared to the SMAP observations, the simulated SSM variability within CMIP5 is underestimated in the two higher frequency bands (by 72% and 56%, respectively) and overestimated in the lowest frequency band (by 113%). In addition, these differences concentrate in regions with larger SSM. Finally, these multimodel differences are found to be significantly correlated with mean climate conditions rather than soil texture. This study identifies the spatiotemporal distribution of the model deficiencies within CMIP5 and finds they are systematic in the long-term simulation on a global scale.&lt;/p&gt;
description: This dataset includes the comparison results of 17 land surface models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) globally using the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) products and codes for analysis.
DOI: 10.4231/kehg-rn90
title: Supplemental Tables and Figures for Effect of circadian system disruption on the concentration and daily oscillations of cortisol, progesterone, melatonin, serotonin, growth hormone, and core body temperature in periparturient dairy cattle

description: &lt;p&gt;Data available here are supplemental tables and figures that describe the changes in circadian rhythms of hormones (cortisol, melatonin, growth hormone, progesterone, and serotonin) and body temperature in late pregnant and early lactation dairy cows. Tables and figures also describe the effect of exposure of chronic light-dark shafts shifts to disrupt circadian clocks on these rhythms.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Changes in daily fluctuations of body temperature and hormone concentrations, related with reproduction and metabolism, were measured and the strength of circadian rhythms of body temperature, serotonin and cortisol increased between three weeks...
DOI: 10.4231/h1vr-0r08
title: Seedling growth and fall armyworm feeding preference influenced by dhurrin production in sorghum

description: &lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Genetic mutants coupled with nondestructive phenotyping techniques were used to study the impact of dhurrin on fall armyworm feeding and plant growth in sorghum. A genetic mutation in CYP79A1 that disrupts dhurrin biosynthesis was used to develop sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs) with contrasting dhurrin contents in the Tx623 &lt;em&gt;bmr6&lt;/em&gt; genetic background. The NILs were evaluated for differences in plant growth and FAW feeding damage in replicated greenhouse and field trials. Greenhouse studies showed that dhurrin-free Tx623 &lt;em&gt;bmr6&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;cyp79a1&lt;/em&gt; plants grew more quickly than wild-type plants but were more susceptible to insect feeding based on changes in green plant area (GPA), total leaf area, and total dry weight over time. The NILs exhibited similar patterns of growth in field trials with significant differences in leaf area and dry weight of dhurrin-free plants between the infested and non-infested treatments. Taken together, these studies reveal a significant metabolic tradeoff between CG biosynthesis and plant growth in sorghum seedlings.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Plant growth and development data from the greenhouse and field trials from this study are available at this site. The files are designated by location and year with locations shown as greenhouse (GH) or field (WL) then the year the study took place. For example, the GH18_insect_data.xlsx includes data from the greenhouse trials in 2018. Within each file there may be multiple sheets that define the type of data collected. Data for green plant area collected with the Aris TopView Phenotyping System, total leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight are organized by plot, genotype, and insect infestation treatment. Temporal data from the greenhouse trials include time (hours) when measurements was taken, the plant number, and insect infestation treatment. More details of each of the data and R code files are included in the READ_ME file stored on the PURR site.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Dhurrin plays a key role in host-plant defense of sorghum. Studies of genetic mutants coupled with nondestructive phenotyping techniques revealed a significant metabolic tradeoff between dhurrin production and plant growth in sorghum seedlings.