DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gf1vhhmw8
title: Data from: The interactive effects of heat stress, parasitism, and hostplant quality in a host-parasitoid system

description: Species interactions are expected to change in myriad ways as the
 frequency and magnitude of extreme temperature events increase with
 anthropogenic climate change. The relationships between endosymbionts,
 parasites, and their hosts are particularly sensitive to thermal stress,
 which can have cascading effects to other trophic levels. We investigate
 the interactive effects of heat stress and parasitism on a terrestrial
 tritrophic system consisting of two hostplants (one common, high-quality
 plant and one novel, low-quality plant), a caterpillar herbivore, and a
 specialist parasitoid wasp. We used a fully-factorial experiment to
 determine the bottom-up effects of the novel hostplant on both the
 caterpillars’ life history traits and the wasps’ survival, and the
 top-down effects of parasitism and heat shock on caterpillar developmental
 outcomes and herbivory levels. Hostplant identity interacted with thermal
 stress to affect wasp success, with wasps performing better on the
 low-quality hostplant under constant temperatures but worse under heat
 shock conditions. Surprisingly, caterpillars consumed less leaf material
 of the low-quality hostplant to reach the same final mass across
 developmental outcomes. In parasitized caterpillars, heat shock reduced
 parasitoid survival and increased both caterpillar final mass and
 development time on both hostplants. These findings highlight the
 importance of studying community-level responses to climate change from a
 holistic and integrative perspective and provide insight into potential
 substantial interactions between thermal stress and diet quality in
 plant-insect systems.
description: The corresponding author collected this dataset at UNC-Chapel
 Hill facilities in 2020. It has been processed through Google Sheets, and
 then R. 
description: # The interactive effects of heat stress, parasitism, and hostplant
 quality in a host-parasitoid system
 These data are used to
 create all of the figures and conduct all of the analyses found in the
 manuscript. All data were collected and analyzed by the corresponding
 author (A. Parker). ## Description of the data and file structure
 MsCcHSFeedJan1MOD.csv *Used to calculate all caterpillar developmental
 data, wasp success data, and Figs 2-4* **Note:** All blank values in the
 dataset reflect developmental stages that that individual did not
 experience. For example, non-parasitized caterpillars will not have any
 values under `date.para` or `num.para`, since they were never parasitized.
 Similarly, individuals that did not reach instars beyond 5th will have
 absent values for `date.6th` and `mass.6th`. Individuals that died before
 the end of the experiment were not massed at time of death, so their
 `date.max` and `mass.max` columns are also empty. *The exception is the
 `date.pupa` column, where we began recording the exact date of pupation
 for wandering individuals mid-way through the experiment. This column is
 not used in any of the analyses, so the missing data do not impact our
 results*. | Column | Explanation | Format | Units | | :------------ |
 :----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | :--------- | :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | ID | Unique ID for each caterpillar | ### | N/A | | food | Identifier for the type of food consumed by the caterpillar | Factor | TB (tobacco), DC (devil's claw) | | fate | Ending developmental outcome of the individual | Character | dead, em, wander, wowe, wowe mongo ("quink" denotes a different species that was excluded, "wander\*" and "?" denote unclear outcomes that were excluded) | | date.max | Date at the maximum mass measurement taken of the caterpillar | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | mass.max | Maximum mass measurement taken of the caterpillar | Numeric | mg | | pop | Population where the individual was collected | Character | Clayton, RM (Rocky Mount), MF (Mason Farm) | | para | parasitization status | Factor | yes/no | | HS | heat shock status | Factor | yes/no | | treatment | Combination of pararsitization and heat shock status | Character | NP/P  NHS/HS | | bin | Identifier of the bin in which the caterpillar was housed  | Character | A-Z | | bin.type | Whether the bin housed one individual or 4 in dividers | Factor | group or ind | | date.death | Date the caterpillar died | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | survived | binary of whether the caterpillar survived the experiment or not | Factor | yes/no | | date.hatch | Date the caterpillar hatched  | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | mass.hatch | Mass at hatching (for future analyses - set to 1 mg) | Numeric | mg | | date.3rd | Date the caterpillar molted to 3rd instar | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | mass.3rd | Mass at 3rd instar | Numeric | mg | | date.para | Date the caterpillar was parasitized (if applicable) | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | num.para | Number of times the caterpillar was parasitized | Numeric | N/A | | date.hs | Date the caterpillar was heat shocked (if applicable) | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | | THEN FOLLOW A LONG SERIES OF CONGRUENT COLUMNS: | | | | date.XXX | Date at particular development stage (instars 4-7 as defined by number of molts, wandering, pupation, eclosion, wasp emergence, etc.) | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | mass.XXX | Mass at that particular development stage (instars 4-7 as defined by number of molts, wandering, pupation, eclosion, wasp emergence, etc.) | Numeric | mg | | | IMPORTANT ONES TO HIGHLIGHT: | | | | sex | Sex of the adult moth | Factor | M/F | | deformed | Whether the moth had deformed wings or not | Factor | yes/no | | date.coc | Date of wasp cocoon appearance | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | date.remove | Date of wasp cocoon removal | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | num.w\.larvae | Number of wasp larvae outside of the caterpillar but not within a cocoon | Numeric | N/A | | num.w\.coc | Number of wasp cocoons | Numeric | N/A | | wet | Whether the cup was wet with hemolymph or not | Factor | yes/no | | date.w\.eclos | Date of wasp eclosion | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | num.w\.eclos | Number of wasps that successfully eclosed | Numeric | N/A | | date.out | Date the caterpillar exited the experiment | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | | mass.out | Mass of caterpillar at exit | Numeric | mg | | date.cull | Date the caterpillar was removed from the experiment prematurely due to an issue molting, etc. (see notes column for explanation) | MM/DD/YYYY | N/A | MsCcHSFeedLeafScanFinal.csv *Used for calculating leaf area consumed, related analyses, and Fig. 5* | Column | Explanation | Format | Units | | :----------------- | :----------------------------------------- | :----------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Caterpillar ID | Unique ID of the caterpillar | Numeric XXX | N/A | | Leaf ID | Unique ID of the leaf scanned | Numeric XXXX | N/A | | Caterpillar Instar | Instar of the caterpillar at time of scan | Numeric | 3-7, w = wandered, para = parasitoid emergence, out = removed after 3 weeks without wasp emergence | | Caterpillar Alive | Is the caterpillar alive at time of scan | Factor | yes/no | | Date | Date of scan | M/DD/YYYY | N/A | | Time | Time of scan (decimal) | Decimal | hour | | Leaf Area | Scanned leaf area as calculated by scanner | Numeric | cm^2 | | Notes | Any notes associated with that scan | Character | N/A | | Image | Image address to original scan | Character | N/A | ## Sharing/Access information Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: ## Code/Software The included script runs all the analyses and figure creation for the manuscript. It requires R (v. 4.2.2) and RStudio.