cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bk3j9kddh
title: Manure applications combined with chemical fertilizer improves crop yield and soil functionality

description: The current farming system is highly reliant on synthetic fertilizers,
 which adversely affect soil quality, the environment, and crop production.
 Improving crop productivity on a sustainable basis is a challenging issue
 in the current agricultural system. To address this issue, we assumed that
 the combined use of manure and chemical fertilizers (CF) could improve
 rice grain yield and soil properties without the expense of the
 environment. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was conducted to
 explore optimal fertilizer management strategies using a combination of CF
 and organic fertilizer in the form of cattle manure (CM) or poultry manure
 (PM). Manure was added at two levels and soil microbial biomass
 production, enzyme activities, nutrient content, as well as grain yield of
 rice were measured. The study consisted of six treatments: no N fertilizer
 control (Neg-Con); 100% chemical fertilizer (Pos-Con); 60% CM + 40% CF
 (High-CM); 30% CM + 70% CF (Low-CM); 60% PM + 40% CF (High-PM), and 30% PM
 + 70% CF (Low-PM). Results showed that the addition of manure
 significantly increased soil enzymatic activities such as soil invertase,
 acid phosphatase, urease, catalase, ꞵ-glucosidase, and cellulase as
 compared to sole chemical fertilizer application. Similarly, the combined
 fertilizers application led to significant increases in soil microbial
 biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), soil pH, soil
 organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN),
 available phosphorous (AP) and rice yield. Average increases in soil MBC,
 MBN, SOC AN, and AP in the 0–20 cm soil depth were 62.2%, 54.5%, 29.2%,
 17.4%, and 19.8%, respectively, across the years in the High-CM treatment
 compared with the Pos-Con. In addition, the linear regression analysis
 showed that soil enzymatic activities were highly positively correlated
 with soil MBC and MBN. The PCA and linear regression analyses showed that
 the increased soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass production
 played a key role in the higher grain yield of rice. Overall, the results
 of this study demonstrate that the combined use of synthetic fertilizer
 and organic fertilizer in paddy fields could be beneficial for the farmers
 in southern China by improving soil functionality and yield of rice on a
 sustainable basis.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hdr7sqvk3
title: From: Soil fauna accelerate litter mixture decomposition globally, especially in dry environments

description: More than half of net primary production in terrestrial ecosystems returns
 to the soil through leaf litter fall and decomposition. In terrestrial
 ecosystems, litter constitutes a mixture of mainly senescent foliage from
 multiple species. Yet, the effect of litter mixing on litter decomposition
 rate remains ambiguous. Quantification of the soil fauna contribution and
 inclusion of their interaction with litter could remove the prevailing
 ambiguity, as soil fauna might influence the direction and magnitude of
 litter mixture effects on decomposition. We carried out a global
 meta-analysis to elucidate how soil fauna influenced litter mixture
 decomposition rate based on 55 published studies with 873 fauna
 inclusion/exclusion comparisons in field litterbag experiments. We
 hypothesized that soil fauna inclusion in litter mixture experiments would
 cause a positive change in the magnitude of mixed litter decomposition.
 That is, the presence of soil fauna would lead to synergistic litter
 mixture effects while the absence of soil fauna would lead to antagonistic
 litter mixture effects. Furthermore, we hypothesized that soil fauna would
 have a greater positive impact on the litter mixture effect in
 environments with low precipitation. While litter mixture had a neutral
 effect on decomposition on average across studies, non-additive mixture
 effects were common, with a key role for soil fauna, which generally
 enhanced decomposition rate compared to the component single species
 litters. In contrast, fauna exclusion resulted in a diminished
 decomposition rate overall. The overall synergistic soil fauna effect on
 litter mixture decomposition increased under low precipitation. Under high
 precipitation, the litter mixture effect was positive in the absence of
 soil fauna but non-significant in the presence of fauna. Climate imposes a
 great effect on litter mixture, with synergistic effects increasing
 towards the equator. Synthesis: These results highlight the importance of
 soil fauna in mixed litter decomposition, most strongly in dry
 environments. In this era of global climate change, where some regions are
 projected to become drier, soil fauna might compensate the expected slower
 decomposition of litter by increasingly enhancing litter mixture
 decomposition.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.31zcrjdnc
title: Data and analysis for: Divergent occurrences of juvenile and adult trees are explained by both environmental change and ontogenetic effects

description: This is a mirror of the github repository
 https://github.com/lukasheiland/Divergence at 2021-12-16, which provides
 code and aggregated data to reproduce the simulations and analyses in
 "Divergent occurrences of juvenile and adult trees are explained by
 both environmental change and ontogenetic effects". Session info is
 provided in 'DEF_sessionInfo__2020-11-02.*'. The simulations are
 contained in - 'Sim ontogenetic stages.R' The main script for
 the empirical analysis - 'Fit beta.R' performs the complete
 analysis with already aggregated data that is provided with
 'Data/taxtables_pres_thresholdsubset.rds'. In addition, several
 other scripts are provided for reference, which can be explored
 interactively, but would need additional unanomyzed data to be run
 completely: - 'Prepare data.R' had been run for wrangling the
 unanonymized data prior to the analysis. - 'Publishing/Publish
 fit.R' creates maps, plots, and tables. (For maps, original
 coordinates would be necessary.)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.njpp22
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 49 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "CoordinateUncertaintyInMeters 0.0-5000.0",
 "TaxonKey is Ficus callosa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 49 records from 6 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003018-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5qfttdz6z
title: Data from: The relationship between pathogen life history traits and metapopulation dynamics

description: Plant pathogen traits, such as transmission mode and overwintering
 strategy, may have important effects on dispersal and persistence, and
 drive disease dynamics. Still, we lack insights into how life-history
 traits influence spatiotemporal disease dynamics. We adopted a
 multifaceted approach, combining experimental assays, theory and field
 surveys, to investigate whether information about two pathogen
 life-history traits, infectivity and overwintering strategy, can predict
 pathogen metapopulation dynamics in natural systems. For this, we focused
 on four fungal pathogens (two rust fungi, one chytrid fungus and one smut
 fungus) on the forest herb Anemone nemorosa. Pathogens infecting new
 plants mostly via spores (the chytrid and smut fungi) had higher patch
 occupancies and colonization rates than pathogens mainly causing systemic
 infections and overwintering in the rhizomes (the two rust fungi). While
 the rust fungi more often occupied well-connected plant patches, the
 chytrid and smut fungi were equally or more common in isolated patches.
 Host patch size was positively related to patch occupancy and colonization
 rates for all pathogens. Predicting disease dynamics is crucial to
 understand the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of host-pathogen
 interactions, and to prevent disease outbreaks. Our study shows that
 combining experiments, theory and field observations is a useful way to
 predict disease dynamics.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0p2ngf233
title: The effect of niche filtering on plant species abundance in temperate grassland communities

description: 1. Niche filtering predicts that abundant species in communities have
 similar traits that are suitable for the environment. However, niche
 filtering can operate on distinct axes of trait variation in response to
 different ecological conditions. Here, we use a trait-based approach to
 infer niche filtering processes and (1) test if abundant and rare species
 in grassland communities are differently positioned along distinct axes of
 trait variation, (2) determine if these trait variation axes, as well as
 phylogenetic and functional similarities, drive species relative abundance
 (aboveground cover) within communities, and (3) explore if these
 relationships vary across grassland types and macro-climatic gradients. 2.
 We analysed species abundance in a set of ~2,000 vegetation plots from
 temperate grasslands in Central Europe as a function of species position
 along three axes of trait variation: the ‘Plant Size Spectrum’ (PSS), the
 ‘Leaf Economics Spectrum’ (LES), and the ‘Lifespan/Clonality Spectrum’
 (LCS). We also used phylogenetic and functional similarities in the
 multi-dimensional trait space as predictors of species abundance. We
 compared our results among alpine, wet, mesic, and dry grasslands and
 tested if the effect of the predictors on species abundance was
 significant across macro-climatic gradients. 3. Compared to abundant
 species, rare species in grassland communities were more commonly annual
 and non-clonal, had lower stature and smaller leaves and seeds, and relied
 on more acquisitive leaf economics. Our predictors significantly explained
 species abundance in approximately one-third of the plots. LES was the
 most important predictor across all plots, with the most prominent effect
 in alpine and dry grasslands and areas with more extreme temperatures. In
 contrast, in mesic and wet grasslands and grasslands located in warmer and
 less seasonal regions, species abundance was best predicted by
 phylogenetic similarities between species, with Poaceae species becoming
 more abundant. 4. Our study explored trait-abundance relationships for
 different community types across a large area and broad macro-climatic
 gradients. We conclude that niche filtering, and particularly
 resource-acquisition trade-offs, drives species abundance in temperate
 grassland communities of Central Europe. Our findings emphasize the
 interaction between local environmental conditions and plant function in
 determining community assembly.
description: The dataset contains 3 files: 1.
 "metadata.xls": It contains the necessary information to
 interpret the other files. 2.
 "sites_x_species.csv": It contains the list of species and their
 abundances in sampled vegetation plots. 3.
 "sites_x_predictor.csv": It contains the macroclimatic variables
 (PCA axes) in each vegetation plot, and their classification into
 grassland vegetation types.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.15dv41nzt
title: Cross-biome synthesis of source versus sink limits to tree growth

description: Uncertainties surrounding tree carbon allocation to growth are a major
 limitation to projections of forest carbon sequestration and response to
 climate change. The prevalence and extent to which carbon assimilation
 (source) or cambial activity (sink) mediate wood production are
 fundamentally important and remain elusive. We quantified source-sink
 relations across biomes by combining eddy-covariance gross primary
 production with extensive on-site and regional tree ring observations. We
 found widespread temporal decoupling between carbon assimilation and tree
 growth, underpinned by contrasting climatic sensitivities of these two
 processes. Substantial differences in assimilation-growth decoupling
 between angiosperms and gymnosperms were determined, as well as stronger
 decoupling with canopy closure, aridity, and decreasing temperatures. Our
 results reveal pervasive sink control over tree growth that is likely to
 be increasingly prominent under global climate change.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4b8gthtf2
title: Zehneria neorensis: Additional phylogenies and sequence information

description: Basic data and supplement for Ranjan et al. 2022, Biogeography of Zehneria
 (Cucurbitaceae) and a New Species from India, Systematic Botany. Zehneria
 is one of the most diverse genera in Cucurbitaceae with 75 accepted
 species mainly in Southeast Asia and tropical Africa. We describe Zehneria
 neorensis, a new species from Neora Valley in the mountains of West
 Bengal, India, which has 7–10 cm long twisted fruiting pedicels, the
 longest pedicels reported in the genus so far. Based on morphological
 data, we also suggest the transfer of Melothria morobensis to the genus
 Zehneria. With a molecular phylogenetic and global biogeographic analysis
 based on 3856 nucleotides of plastid and nuclear ribosomal DNA, we
 demonstrate that the genus Zehneria most likely originated on the African
 continent 24 (30-19) million years ago and spread from there at least five
 times to Madagascar and three times to Asia. Zehneria neorensis represents
 an independent colonization event from Africa to India about 11 (15–7)
 million years ago. Three lineages reached New Guinea/Australia and finally
 moved into Polynesia. We infer a rate of at least 20 long-distance
 dispersal (LDD) events per 10 million years in the genus. This high LDD
 frequency is most likely a result of the small berry fruits and small
 flattened seeds of Zehneria, which seem perfectly adapted to long-distance
 bird dispersal. Field observations are needed to investigate a potential
 effect of the newly discovered extended and coiling pedicels in Zehneria
 neorensis on seed dispersal efficiency. The new species adds to a growing
 list of rather old Cucurbitaceae lineages in the Himalayan foothills,
 supporting the hypothesis of long climatic stability in the region.
description: DNA sequence data was obtained from herbarium material via Sanger
 sequencing. The phylogeny estimate is a Maximum Likelihood tree inferred
 with RAxML on the Cipres portal (www.phylo.org).
description: Here we present the supplemental infos and in addition the
 phylogeny inferred from the data and a list with the GenBank accession
 numbers where you can find the underlying sequence data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1jwstqjwg
title: Productivity of riparian Populus forests: satellite assessment along a prairie river with an environmental flow regime

description: In semi-arid regions, the growth and survival of
 cottonwoods (riparian Populus species) depend on river water
 supplementing the limited precipitation. Indicators of growth and
 productivity are needed to assess how altered streamflow regimes
 on regulated rivers impact cottonwood trees and the riparian
 forest ecosystems they support. Satellite imagery from the
 Landsat program was used to make historical assessments of ecosystem
 productivity in a riparian cottonwood forest along a regulated
 prairie river in southern Alberta, Canada from 1984 to 2020, with
 an environmental flow regime that increased the minimum flows
 implemented in 1993. A version of the near-infrared reflectance
 of vegetation scaled with incoming sunlight (NIRvP) was calculated from
 Landsat images to  provide a proxy for primary production. NIRvP
 was validated against gross primary production measurements from
 eddy covariance and cottonwood basal area increment measurements from tree
 ring analyses. Streamflow and weather data were used to assess
 what  environmental conditions drive year-to-year variations in
 NIRvP.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0k6djhb1t
title: How melanism affects the sensitivity of lizards to climate change

description: The impact of climate change on global biodiversity is firmly established,
 but the differential effect of climate change on populations within the
 same species is rarely considered. In ectotherms, melanism (i.e. darker
 integument due to heavier deposition of melanin) can significantly
 influence thermoregulation, as dark individuals generally heat more and
 faster than bright ones. Therefore, darker ectotherms might be more
 susceptible to climate change. Using the color-polyphenic lizard
 Karusasaurus polyzonus (Squamata: Cordylidae), we hypothesized that, under
 future climatic projections, darker populations will decrease their
 activity time more than brighter ones due to their greater potential for
 overheating. To test this, we mechanistically modeled the body
 temperatures of 56 individuals from five differently-colored populations
 under present and future climate conditions. We first measured
 morphological traits and integumentary reflectance from live animals, and
 then collected physiological data from the literature. We used a
 biophysical model to compute activity time of individual lizards as proxy
 for their viability, and thereby predict how different populations will
 cope with future climate conditions. Contrary to our expectations, we
 found that all populations will increase activity time and, specifically,
 that darker populations will become relatively more active than bright
 ones. This suggests that darker populations of K. polyzonus may benefit
 from global warming. Our study emphasizes the importance of accounting for
 variation between populations when studying responses to climate change,
 as we must consider these variations to develop efficient and specific
 conservation strategies.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t1g1jwt3r
title: Representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex

description: Spatial transitions in color can aid any visual perception task, and its
 neural representation – an “integration of color and form” – is thought to
 begin at primary visual cortex (V1). Color and form integration is
 untested in mouse V1, yet studies show that the ventral retina provides
 the necessary substrate from green-sensitive rods and UV-sensitive cones.
 Here, we used two-photon imaging in V1 to measure spatial frequency (SF)
 tuning along four axes of rod and cone contrast space, including luminance
 and color. We first reveal that V1 has similar responsiveness to luminance
 and color, yet average SF tuning is significantly shifted lowpass for
 color. Next, guided by linear models, we used SF tuning along all four
 color axes to estimate the proportion of neurons that fall into classic
 models of color opponency – “single-”, “double-”, and “non-opponent”. Few
 neurons (~6%) fit the criteria for double-opponency, which are uniquely
 tuned for chromatic borders. Most of the population can be described as a
 unimodal distribution ranging from strongly single-opponent to
 non-opponent. Consistent with recent studies of the rodent and primate
 retina, our V1 data is well-described by a simple model in which ON and
 OFF channels to V1 sample the photoreceptor mosaic randomly.
description: This data comes from two-photon imaging in mouse primary visual
 cortex. There is also Matlab code to run the
 simulations in figures 1, 6, 7, and 8.
description: See uploaded README files for details. 
 Below is the top of README_for_dataset.doc.
 This describes the uploaded data set used in Rhim and Nauhaus:
 “Joint representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex described
 by random pooling from rods and cones”. It is a MATLAB .mat file, where
 each structure pertains to a given figure. In addition to the source data
 for the figures, it also has the following additions: 
 The same data set, but prior to culling the population
 according to the dashed box in the Figure 2 scatter plot. See variables
 appended with “…_all” 
 Region-of-interest ID associated with each neuron.
 Below is all the information in
 README_for_simulations.doc. To run the simulations for
 Figures 1,6,7, and 8, execute the cells in the high-level scripts of the
 following: Figure_1.m, Figure_6_7.m, Figure_8.m. Make sure all the other
 .m files are in your path.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ksn02v75n
title: Tree identity and diversity directly affect soil moisture and temperature but not soil carbon ten years after planting

description: 1. Soil C is the largest C pool in forest ecosystems that contributes to C
 sequestration and mitigates climate change. Tree diversity enhances forest
 productivity, so diversifying the tree species composition, notably in
 managed forests, could increase the quantity of organic matter being
 transferred to soils, and alter other soil properties relevant to the C
 cycle. 2. A ten-year-old tree diversity experiment was used to study the
 effects of tree identity and diversity (functional and taxonomic) on
 soils. Surface (0-10 cm) mineral soil was repeatedly measured for soil C
 concentration, C:N ratio, pH, moisture and temperature in twenty-four tree
 species mixtures and twelve corresponding monocultures (replicated in four
 blocks). 3. Soil pH, moisture and temperature responded to tree diversity
 and identity. Greater productivity in above- and below-ground tree
 components did not increase soil C concentration. Soil pH increased and
 soil moisture decreased with functional diversity, more specifically, when
 species had different growth strategies and shade tolerances. Functional
 identity affected soil moisture and temperature, such that tree
 communities with more slow-growing and shade-tolerant species had greater
 soil moisture and temperature. Higher temperature was measured in
 communities with broadleaf-deciduous species compared to communities with
 coniferous-evergreen species. 4. We conclude that long-term soil C cycling
 in forest plantations will likely respond to changes in soil pH, moisture
 and temperature that is mediated by tree species composition, since tree
 species affect these soil properties through their litter quality, water
 uptake and physical control of soil microclimates.
DOI: 10.57760/sciencedb.agriculture.00088
title: 2011-2022 National Hog Wholesale Price Analysis Data Set
title: 2011-2022年全国生猪批发价格分析数据集

description: This data set is EXCEL and image type files, including 10 files, including weekly, monthly, and quarterly average pig prices, trends, seasonality, residuals, 12-day exponential moving average, and 26-day exponential moving average across the country and 17 provinces. There are a total of 14,742 average lines, difference values, difference average values, and moving average convergence and divergence indicators, 216 annual average prices, and a total of 108 images.
description: This data set is EXCEL and image type files, including 10 files, including weekly, monthly, and quarterly average pig prices, trends, seasonality, residuals, 12-day exponential moving average, and 26-day exponential moving average across the country and 17 provinces. There are a total of 14,742 average lines, difference values, difference average values, and moving average convergence and divergence indicators, 216 annual average prices, and a total of 108 images.