cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18739/a2028pd4g
title: Collaborative Research: A multi-faceted evaluation of aerosol impacts on Arctic clouds

description: The project will utilize results from several Arctic measurement sites, including long-term observations at Barrow, Alaska, and shorter-term observations from Summit, Greenland, and two measurement campaigns over the Arctic Ocean to improve upon previous estimates of Arctic aerosol-cloud interactions. To do this a critical first step will involve understanding the conditions under which surface aerosol conditions, as generally used in the compilation of statistical datasets addressing this issue, are comparable to those at cloud level. Using a variety of techniques, the distinction between surface-coupled and decoupled cloud states will focus evaluation of aerosol-cloud interactions on appropriate cases, reducing statistical contamination. From these cases, a statistical evaluation will be performed to reveal co-variation between key cloud (e.g. liquid water path, ice water path) and aerosol (e.g. concentration, size, hygroscopicity) properties. Combined with surface radiation measurements and idealized radiative transfer simulations, the results from this evaluation will provide an improved estimate of the net radiative impact of aerosols on Arctic clouds. Additionally, it will provide an overview of the seasonal evolution and surface-state dependence of these relationships. Outreach plans include several visits to Arctic regions, with a focus on the North Slope of Alaska and Greenland. The primary aim of these visits is to disseminate information relevant to the proposed research to seminar audiences consisting of local people (including underrepresented native people), primary school students, and local officials. A secondary aim of these visits is to give Arctic researchers (particularly early career researchers) who have never had a chance to visit the Arctic themselves an opportunity to see firsthand the region on which their efforts focus. This project will also support two early career scientists at the University of Colorado.
DOI: 10.18739/a2vd6p51b
title: Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Data v2 - 2014

description: Acoustic Doppler current profiler data (ADCP) were collected using a RD Instruments, 300 kHz ADCP that was mounted on an acoustic sled and towed alongside the R/V Annika Marie. Deployment was somewhat limited by weather, with higher sea states precluding use of the instrument. Data were processed by Frank Bahr at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Ten files are included. Data are included in three files: A matlab file and .zip file and .tar files containing ascii files for each deployment. Two "readme" files document the format for the ascii and matlab files and the processing notes. Five .png files show the locations of each of the four transects for which data are provided. 1.) Matlab format. The .mat file sos2013_dt.mat contains all deployments in the structure vm_data ; The format is described in a text variable "readme" contained in sos2013_dt.mat 2.) ascii format ; The data are also presented in ascii, with one data file per deployment, with files zipped together in to sos2013dt_ascii.zip or sos2013dt_asc.tar ; The first line of each file gives the center depth of the ADCP bins in meters. ; Note that both the bin depths as well as the number of bins may change ; between deployments ; It is followed by one line per ADCP profile, listing ; - profile time as year/month/day hour:min:sec ; - profile time in 2010 decimal days (noon on Jan 1 equals decimal day 0.5) ; - longitude, latitude in decimal degrees ; - N values of zonal velocity, positive eastward, where N is the number of bins ; - N values of meridional velocity, positive northward ; "Bad" data are marked with the flag value 999.99.
DOI: 10.18739/a2qn5zb82
title: Semi-structured Interviews with Tribal Leaders

description: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with Tribal leaders who were asked about: 1) The Tribe’s current abilities to influence regional and national decision-making processes and the degree to which general community members were now involved in local decision-making processes. 2) The role that they thought their traditional knowledge was both currently playing in the larger decision-making processes as well as what role they thought it could/should play in the future. 3) Their own visions, as local leaders, of the ideal future for their families and the community of Wainwright and what, if anything, they felt needed to happen for their community to achieve that ideal future.
DOI: 10.18739/a2kw57j5s
title: Collaborative Research: Analysis of McCall Glacier Ice Core and Related Modern Process Studies

description: This is a collaborative project involving four institutions. The proposed research addresses two major questions related to climate in the eastern Alaskan Arctic: 1) How has climate, terrestrial ecology, and pollutant transport changed over the past 250 years in this region, based on ice core reconstructions from McCall Glacier? and 2) How well can we overcome the challenges of core proxy interpretations from ice cores taken from small polythermal valley glaciers through modern-process studies? To answer these questions the investigators conduct an inter-disciplinary analysis of ice core proxies, atmospheric dynamics, modern processes, and numerical ice flow modeling. A 152-meter long core has already been drilled through McCall Glacier and analyzed for 35 chemical proxies. The proposed work will focus on 1) interpretation of these proxies, 2) analysis of pollen in the core, 3) process studies to identify sources of pollen to McCall Glacier, 4) tying the weather and climate record of the past 50 years to the upper section of the core, 5) continuing 3D flow modeling of the glacier and local weather observations, 6) conducting modern process investigations of the effects of seasonal melt on the generation of the core proxy record. The project will support two graduate students.
DOI: 10.18739/a2g44hr0g
title: Collaborative Research: Sensitivity of Circum-Arctic Peatland Carbon to Holocene Warm Climates and Climate Seasonality

description: Collaborative Research: RUI: Sensitivity of Circum-Arctic Peatland Carbon to Holocene Warm Climates and Climate Seasonality (PIs: Zicheng Yu, David Beilman, and Philip Camill) Recent accelerated Arctic warming has caused widespread changes in terrestrial ecosystems, including carbon dynamics. Past climate warming and documented ecosystem responses provide crucial insights from Earth?s history for understanding and projecting possible responses to future climate change. In this project, researchers from Lehigh University, University of Hawaii and Bowdoin College will evaluate the outcomes of ?natural climate-warming experiments? that have occurred across the Arctic over the Holocene (the last 12,000 years). They will focus on two warm climate intervals: (1) the Holocene Thermal Maximum ranging in timings between 10,000 and 6000 years ago, and (2) the warm Medieval Climate Anomaly around 1000 years ago. The funds were requested (1) to collect new samples from carbon-rich peatlands from several critical regions (including Alaska, Mackenzie Basin, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Labrador, and Kamchatka), (2) to carry out integration and synthesis of available data, and (3) to work on climate-carbon modeling experiments along with their collaborators. The idea that both temperature and climate seasonality are dominant controls of carbon balances in carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems has important implications for projecting the fate of Arctic carbon in the future, as future warming is expected mainly in the winter season. Other broader impacts include (1) the support of new faculty career development, (2) training of undergraduate students, graduate students, and a postdoctoral fellow, emphasizing groups traditionally underrepresented in the natural sciences, (3) international collaborations and training through two workshops, and (4) public outreach through a symposium on Arctic climate change and soil carbon dynamics and the development of long-term exhibits at the Peary-MacMillan Arctic Museum at Bowdoin College.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.m4rfvd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Euphrasia illyrica Wettst.)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2000"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0027678-241107131044228/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.18739/a2bc3sx57
title: Collaborative Research: Do Holocene Variations In Arctic Sea Ice And Greenland Icebergs Drifting Through Denmark Strait Reflect Natural Cycles

description: Historical observations and theory suggest the importance of the extent and duration of drift ice on the Climate System through changes in the Hemispheric albedo and the impact of freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean and Greenland Ice Sheet on the Thermohaline Circulation. Funds are provided to develop 50-100 yr resolution records of changes in sea ice export from the Arctic Ocean and iceberg transport from tidewater ice streams of NE Greenland that reach the Denmark Strait and to develop a detailed history of ice-rafted debris (IRD) over the last 12,000 cal yr BP. Denmark Strait is believed to be a critical area for study as it lies at the boundary between the southward export of Polar and Arctic waters and the northwestern limb of the North Atlantic Drift in the form of the Irminger Current. The research will explore a sources-to-sink model along the ENE/E Greenland shelf and across the Denmark Strait using sediment characteristics to document spatial and temporal changes in composition in a series of well-dated, high-resolution cores from either side of the Denmark Strait and along the NE Greenland shelf. This information will be used to infer changes in the transport of sea ice through the Denmark Strait. Given the ongoing observations of changing sea ice character in the Arctic, changes in the flux of sea ice into the Greenland-Norwegian Seas and the North Atlantic Ocean, and possible acceleration of ice loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet through iceberg calving, a better understanding of how these processes varied in the past will help inform projections of future climate variations. This project will develop data sets that contribute to that understanding.
DOI: 10.18739/a26m3341w
title: NABOS II - Mooring M5c SBE 37 Water Quality and Temperature Data 2013 - 2015

description: The primary goal of our mooring observations was to document water, heat, and salt transports and water mass transformations on the Siberian continental slope. Primary objectives included quantifying the structure and temporal variability of the main water masses and obtaining detailed information about Atlantic Water layer dynamics and seasonal variations. These data are from the Sea-Bird Electronics (SBE) 37 (MicroCAT) Recorder from mooring M5c.
DOI: 10.18739/a22v2c98m
title: Collaborative Research: Continuous Records of Greenhouse Gases and Aerosol Deposition During the Holocene: Testing the Fidelity of New Methods for Reconstructing Atmospheric Change

description: The primary goals of the project are to exploit new measurement techniques to evaluate the fidelity of methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrous oxide gas measurements in ice cores as records of atmospheric concentrations and change and to develop a first, high-resolution Northern Hemisphere record of atmospheric methane and carbon monoxide during the past 1400 years free of site- or ice-core-specific artifacts. To understand the influences of burial rate and history, ice impurities, as well as drilling and analytical techniques on ice core gas concentrations, the proposed project will further refine and improve new methods for continuous gas measurements and use these improved methods to analyze gases and aerosols in ice core samples from three widely distributed sites in northern Greenland: Tunu, D4, and NGRIP. All are located in the cold, dry snow zone, but each has a different annual accumulation rate and is influenced by different aerosol sources and transport pathways. Two sites previously were used for firn gas studies which will provide needed controls for firn and gas-entrapment modeling. Archived core samples are available for D4 and NGRIP, but a new core from the Tunu site is required. The proposed measurements will utilize the Desert Research Institute's (DRI's) continuous-flow analysis with trace elements system capable of quantifying dust, sea salt, biomass burning, and volcanic aerosols. This system was recently expanded to include continuous gas measurements being developed and refined by Oregon State University (OSU), DRI, and other international collaborators under an NSF Partnerships in International Research and Education (PIRE) grant primarily focused on student participation and international collaborations rather than research. The proposed project will extend past K-12 and other outreach strategies, including coordination and development of activities with outreach specialists at the Ice Drilling Program Office. Broad outreach will be achieved with the global, radiative, and ice sheet modeling communities, NSTA-related efforts, and public lectures.
DOI: 10.18739/a2td9n82k
title: Collaborative Research: Subglacial Water Intrusion in Greenland

description: A full understanding of the flow and dynamics of an ice sheet will require knowledge of the state of its subglacial interface. While the topography of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) bed has been studied by radio echo sounding, its state in terms of melting and freezing, which itself affects its future evolution, has been inferred from numerical models, rather than from direct evidence. This project is for analysis of existing radar echo data gathered under the Program for Arctic Regional Climate Assessment (PARCA) and Center for Remote Sensing of Ice (CReSIS) programs, with the objective of generating direct evidence of the extent of subglacial water in Greenland and providing the glaciological community with maps of its extent. Previous echo analysis has found the variability of the received signal too great to extract the component due to variation of the bed material. Now, a method has been developed, validated and reported, based on further analysis of radio echo signal intensities, which allows the state of the bed to be determined reliably. This work will apply this method to all the available radio echo data, to generate maps of the extent of basal melting throughout Greenland. The procedure relies on a more precise assessment of radio echoes from the bed of the ice sheet than has previously been provided. It allows the variability of echo intensity to be reduced, and the variation of the bed material to be detected. It has been tested with data from a number of flights over Greenland during the 1999 field season, and is validated by tests of self-consistency, of echo intensity statistics, of interface smoothness, and of the relation between measured surface and interface slopes. The team will process data from flights undertaken between 1998 and 2005. Appropriate tests of self-consistency and statistical behavior will be applied. The presence or absence of water will be determined throughout. Results will be interpreted and maps compiled illustrating these results. The continuity and topographical context of each major water feature will be investigated and compared.
DOI: 10.18739/a2z60c25s
title: Collaborative Research: P2C2--Ice Core Paleoclimate Records from Combatant Col, British Columbia, Canada

description: Funding is provided to obtain new ice core accumulation records from Combatant Col, Mt. Waddington, in southwestern British Columbia (BC), Canada. Combatant Col is located significantly farther south than other existing ice core sites along the west coast of North America and variations in precipitation tend to be out of phase with those in Alaska and the Yukon. Combatant Col sits at 3000 meters and contains more than 200 meters of ice. The net annual snow accumulation is ~2.5 meters/year and the mean annual temperature -5°C. A 65-meter core from the site shows that clear annual layering is preserved in the geochemistry and in dust and black carbon. The age of the ice near bedrock is estimated to be between 200 years and 1000 years old. It is anticipated that an annually-resolved record of layer thickness will be recovered at the site to allow for a record of snow accumulation covering the last 200-1000 years. The Combatant Col record, in combination with other existing records of precipitation variability along the western margin of North America, will be used to develop an updated and improved reconstruction of precipitation variability in this region over the last 200-1000 years to address fundamental questions about Pacific decadal scale variability. The broader impacts involve supporting an early career female investigator and strengthening international collaborations with researchers from institutions in Canada. This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Sponsors: - University of Washington, 4333 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98195-9472 - Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA - University of Nevada Desert Research Institute, 2215 Raggio Parkway, Reno, NV 89512-1095 - University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, West Ridge Research Bldg 008, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7880
DOI: 10.18739/a2pn8xf99
title: Permafrost ALT ALOS InSAR

description: ALOS data sets and derived interferograms for estimation of active layer thickness in the Toolik Lake region of Alaska. This data set includes all coverage of Toolik Lake from ALOS PALSAR in the form of single look complex radar images, plus all derived interferograms needed to analyze seasonal variations in subsidence. We also include stacks depicting seasonal subsidence.
DOI: 10.18739/a2jw86n42
title: University of California Santa Cruz and Adina Paytan. 2016. Water quality data from three sites in Alaska (Kasitsna Bay, Point Barrow, and Toolik Lake) 2011-2014. NSF Arctic Data Center

description: Methane concentration, C-13 in methan, H-2 in methane, radium and radon activity in water collected in the Northern Pacific near Kasitsna Bay Alaska, Arctic Ocean near Point Barrow, and at Toolik Lake on the Alaskan North Slope, and near by groundwater. Data is located under Dataset Collections and Deployments in the Biological and Chemical Oceanography Data Management Office (BCO-DMO) Database: http://www.bco-dmo.org/project/641980.
DOI: 10.18739/a2f47gt94
title: Deciphering 6 My of the Greenland Ice Sheet History using in situ 10-Be from marine sediment cores

description: This research will explore a new method of deciphering the history of the Greenland Ice Sheet over the Pliocene and Pleistocene by measuring the cosmogenic isotope beryllium-10 in sediment cores previously collected off southern and eastern Greenland by the Ocean Drilling program. Beryllium-10 is produced by cosmic rays in exposed rock. The premise of this investigation is that Be-10 accumulates in surface rock during times of ice-sheet retreat and is eroded and deposited in marine sediment during times of ice-sheet growth. The isotopic time series will include Pleistocene and Pliocene sediment stretching back 4 to 6 million years, possibly beyond the onset of continental-scale glaciation in Greenland. The investigators hope to 1) constrain the time at which continental glaciation on Greenland began, 2) estimate the relative areal extent of the ice sheet through time, 3) determine the erosivity and sediment transport efficiency of the ice sheet, and 4) constrain the erosion rate of Greenland prior to the onset of glaciation. Understanding Greenland Ice Sheet dynamics in the past (particularly the extent of deglaciation and the timescale of regrowth) is key to understanding how the ice sheet might behave in the future. A central part of the project is the training of a young postdoctoral research associate, and two undergraduate students will work on the project as well.
DOI: 10.18739/a29c6s15d
title: Collaborative Research: Evaluating the Competing Impacts of Global Emissions Reductions and Climate Change on the Distribution and Retention of selected POPs in the Arctic Ocean

description: The goal of the proposed research is to better understand how changes in global emissions and climate are affecting the distribution, lifetime, and bioavailability of selected persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the Arctic Ocean. POPs travel globally in air and water, are often highly bioaccumulative, and have the ability to cycle among environmental media enabling long-range transport to remote regions such as the Arctic. The investigators will use a modeling approach to provide insight into the relative importance of changing primary anthropogenic emissions and oceanic biogeochemical processes in controlling the fate and lifetime of POPs in the Arctic Ocean. The research will focus on two classes of compounds (polyfluorinated compounds - PFCs - and polychlorinated biphenyls - PCBs) with contrasting physical and chemical properties affecting behavior and reactivity in the atmosphere and ocean. The investigators will also collect new data on depth profiles of PCBs and two PFCs - perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanate (PFOA) - in the Arctic Ocean. Three main objectives will be addressed in the proposed research:

1) Quantify the global and regional atmospheric budget of PCBs and PFCs, including relevant spatially-varying uncertainties 

2) Quantify the budget of PCBs and PFCs in the Arctic Ocean, including inputs from atmospheric deposition, riverine inflows, and ocean cycling 

3) Quantify the relative importance of atmospheric, oceanic, and riverine inputs of PFOA, PFOS and PCBs to the Arctic, including the influence of climate and emissions. 
Ultimately this project will improve knowledge of how these compounds reach the Arctic and inform environmental management. The broader impacts component of the project will have three main goals: (1) Provide policy-relevant information to the Stockholm Convention and other international agreements on POPs to support monitoring and evaluation efforts for its controls on PCBs and PFOS and related compounds; (2) Inform sustainability education, by developing a case study on emerging POPs in the Arctic for courses relevant to environmental sustainability; and (3) train the next generation of interdisciplinary scientists (one graduate student will be trained at each of the three collaborating institutions).