cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7591601
title: The Ediacaran Salinas turbidites, Araçuaí Orogen, MG: tectonics and sedimentation interplay in a syn-orogenic basin

description: ABSTRACT: The Ediacaran Salinas Formation exposed in the northern Araçuaí orogen is made up of syn-orogenic turbidites deposited between 580 and 560 Ma. Aiming to investigate how tectonic and sedimentary processes interact during the development of a flysch basin, we carried out a detailed field-based sedimentological and stratigraphic investigation of the Salinas Formation in its type-area located in northern Minas Gerais. Lithofacies and lithofacies assemblages recognized in the unit represent proximal to distal turbidite fan deposits, all of them affected by soft-sediment deformation. Based on the amount of lateral displacement and sediment volume involved, we distinguished four classes of soft-sediment deformation structures. The vertical facies changes of the whole Salinas Formation characterizes a coarsening-upward 1st-order sequence that record a general southwest-south progradation of a turbidite fan system fed from the north. The overall organization of the 25-60 m-thick fining-up cycles are especially elucidative of the interplay between tectonic and sedimentary processes during the accumulation of the Salinas turbidites. They initiate with thick sandstone beds deposited on top of intensively deformed strata, continuing with various sandy turbidite pulses, and ending with fine-grained sediments. In our view, they record the retraction and reorganization of the basin fill system after a sequence of seismic events.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7591601.v1
title: The Ediacaran Salinas turbidites, Araçuaí Orogen, MG: tectonics and sedimentation interplay in a syn-orogenic basin

description: ABSTRACT: The Ediacaran Salinas Formation exposed in the northern Araçuaí orogen is made up of syn-orogenic turbidites deposited between 580 and 560 Ma. Aiming to investigate how tectonic and sedimentary processes interact during the development of a flysch basin, we carried out a detailed field-based sedimentological and stratigraphic investigation of the Salinas Formation in its type-area located in northern Minas Gerais. Lithofacies and lithofacies assemblages recognized in the unit represent proximal to distal turbidite fan deposits, all of them affected by soft-sediment deformation. Based on the amount of lateral displacement and sediment volume involved, we distinguished four classes of soft-sediment deformation structures. The vertical facies changes of the whole Salinas Formation characterizes a coarsening-upward 1st-order sequence that record a general southwest-south progradation of a turbidite fan system fed from the north. The overall organization of the 25-60 m-thick fining-up cycles are especially elucidative of the interplay between tectonic and sedimentary processes during the accumulation of the Salinas turbidites. They initiate with thick sandstone beds deposited on top of intensively deformed strata, continuing with various sandy turbidite pulses, and ending with fine-grained sediments. In our view, they record the retraction and reorganization of the basin fill system after a sequence of seismic events.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518428
title: DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUES OF SOME PROTEIN FEEDS FOR BROILER CHICKEN

description: Abstract We conducted a biological assay using the traditional method of excreta collection, with the purpose to determine the values of apparent metabolizable energy, apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance, and the chemical composition of six feeds: deactivated whole soybean with shuck; deactivated whole soybean without shuck; soy protein concentrate; extruded semi-whole soybean meal; soybean meal; and wheat gluten. We used 252 chicks of the Cobb 500 commercial lineage, from 14 to 24 days of age, distributed in a completely randomized design, with seven treatments (six test rations and a reference ration) and six repetitions with six birds per experimental unit. The five initial days were destined to the adaptation of the birds to the experimental rations, and the five final days were destined to excreta collection, which was carried out twice a day. The values of apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance, based on natural matter determined in broiler chicken aged from 14 to 24 days old were as follows: deactivated whole soybean with shuck: 2797 kcal/kg; deactivated whole soybean without shuck: 3012 kcal/kg; soy protein concentrate:, 2554 kcal/kg; extruded semi-whole soybean meal: 2467 kcal/kg; soybean meal: 2221 kcal/kg and wheat gluten: 3813 kcal/kg.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7518428.v1
title: DETERMINATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUES OF SOME PROTEIN FEEDS FOR BROILER CHICKEN

description: Abstract We conducted a biological assay using the traditional method of excreta collection, with the purpose to determine the values of apparent metabolizable energy, apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance, and the chemical composition of six feeds: deactivated whole soybean with shuck; deactivated whole soybean without shuck; soy protein concentrate; extruded semi-whole soybean meal; soybean meal; and wheat gluten. We used 252 chicks of the Cobb 500 commercial lineage, from 14 to 24 days of age, distributed in a completely randomized design, with seven treatments (six test rations and a reference ration) and six repetitions with six birds per experimental unit. The five initial days were destined to the adaptation of the birds to the experimental rations, and the five final days were destined to excreta collection, which was carried out twice a day. The values of apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance, based on natural matter determined in broiler chicken aged from 14 to 24 days old were as follows: deactivated whole soybean with shuck: 2797 kcal/kg; deactivated whole soybean without shuck: 3012 kcal/kg; soy protein concentrate:, 2554 kcal/kg; extruded semi-whole soybean meal: 2467 kcal/kg; soybean meal: 2221 kcal/kg and wheat gluten: 3813 kcal/kg.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991739
title: Occurrence of enteroparasites and thermotolerant coliforms in the hands of food handlers of a teaching hospital

description: Abstract Background Inappropriate food handling is the main cause of foodborne illnesses. Food handlers perform important functions to preserve the hygiene food that can be a source of transmission of various pathogens. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of intestinal parasites and microorganisms indicators of fecal contamination (thermotolerant coliforms) in the hands of food handlers of a teaching hospital in Uberaba, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Method Samples from the hands of 44 food handlers of a teaching hospital were analyzed. Thermotolerant coliforms were counted by the Most Probable Number method using samples obtained by smearing. The subungual content was subjected to parasitological analysis under microscopy. Results 15.9% (7/44) of the samples were positive for the presence of thermotolerant coliforms and 9.1% (4/44) of the subungual contents were positive for intestinal protozoa (3 Blastocystis spp. and 1 Giardia spp.). Conclusion Results indicate contamination of the food handlers’ hands and predisposition to transmission of pathogens by this route, emphasizing the importance to make food handlers aware of personal and food hygiene, as well as to apply preventive actions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991739.v1
title: Occurrence of enteroparasites and thermotolerant coliforms in the hands of food handlers of a teaching hospital

description: Abstract Background Inappropriate food handling is the main cause of foodborne illnesses. Food handlers perform important functions to preserve the hygiene food that can be a source of transmission of various pathogens. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of intestinal parasites and microorganisms indicators of fecal contamination (thermotolerant coliforms) in the hands of food handlers of a teaching hospital in Uberaba, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Method Samples from the hands of 44 food handlers of a teaching hospital were analyzed. Thermotolerant coliforms were counted by the Most Probable Number method using samples obtained by smearing. The subungual content was subjected to parasitological analysis under microscopy. Results 15.9% (7/44) of the samples were positive for the presence of thermotolerant coliforms and 9.1% (4/44) of the subungual contents were positive for intestinal protozoa (3 Blastocystis spp. and 1 Giardia spp.). Conclusion Results indicate contamination of the food handlers’ hands and predisposition to transmission of pathogens by this route, emphasizing the importance to make food handlers aware of personal and food hygiene, as well as to apply preventive actions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14270746
title: Use of near infrared spectroscopy in cotton seeds physiological quality evaluation

description: Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the near-infrared spectroscopy potential in analyzing the quality of cottonseed regarding different physiological quality levels, noting the need for faster techniques and tools to aid decision making. It was used eight samples of cottonseed with and without lint, presenting different physiological quality. The “high” (lots 1, 4, 5, 6 and 7) and “low” (lots 2, 3 and 8) vigor levels were defined based on vigor tests carried out and on the Normative Instruction 45/2013. The near infrared spectroscopy spectra was obtained from four types of sample preparations: whole seeds, cut in a half, without tegument and grounded seeds. Using the spectra and the grouping of lots in high and low vigor, cross validation models were optimized, built using the PLS - DA method, making it possible to predict seed classes. Grounded seeds were the best type of sample preparation, with 95% of correct predictions for high vigor seeds and 100% of low vigor (both for seeds with lint) and with 100% correct predictions for high vigor seeds and 91.7% low vigor (without lint).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14272720.v1
title: Estimation of organophosphate pesticide ingestion through intake of fruits and vegetables

description: Abstract Background The agriculture of Brazil is characterized by the high use of pesticides. Among the most intensely applied pesticides is the class of organophosphate insecticides. Objective: Estimate organophosphate pesticide ingestion in children and adults considering the consumption and daily recommended intake of fruits and vegetables (FV). Method Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and percentage of Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) were calculated according to the methodology proposed by WHO and FAO, where % ADI &gt;100 features possible risk of pesticide ingestion. Data on pesticide residue in food obtained from the Pesticide Residue Analysis Program were used. National diet and body weight data of the studied population were obtained from the Household Budget Survey of 2008-2009. The recommended FV intake for a healthy diet used in this study was 400 grams/day. Results Based on the Brazilian population’s daily food intake, methidathion was the only pesticide to exceed the toxicology standard for children. If the FV intake reached the level recommended by WHO, six pesticides would exceed the �I for children: diazinon, dicofol, dimethoate, methamidophos, methidathion and prothiofos, and three pesticides would exceed the �I for adults: dicofol, methamidophos, and methidathion, showing the excessive use of these chemicals. Conclusion Encouragement of FV consumption must be accompanied by programs that monitor the commercialization and use of these pesticides, as well as their residues in food.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14272720
title: Estimation of organophosphate pesticide ingestion through intake of fruits and vegetables

description: Abstract Background The agriculture of Brazil is characterized by the high use of pesticides. Among the most intensely applied pesticides is the class of organophosphate insecticides. Objective: Estimate organophosphate pesticide ingestion in children and adults considering the consumption and daily recommended intake of fruits and vegetables (FV). Method Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and percentage of Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) were calculated according to the methodology proposed by WHO and FAO, where % ADI &gt;100 features possible risk of pesticide ingestion. Data on pesticide residue in food obtained from the Pesticide Residue Analysis Program were used. National diet and body weight data of the studied population were obtained from the Household Budget Survey of 2008-2009. The recommended FV intake for a healthy diet used in this study was 400 grams/day. Results Based on the Brazilian population’s daily food intake, methidathion was the only pesticide to exceed the toxicology standard for children. If the FV intake reached the level recommended by WHO, six pesticides would exceed the �I for children: diazinon, dicofol, dimethoate, methamidophos, methidathion and prothiofos, and three pesticides would exceed the �I for adults: dicofol, methamidophos, and methidathion, showing the excessive use of these chemicals. Conclusion Encouragement of FV consumption must be accompanied by programs that monitor the commercialization and use of these pesticides, as well as their residues in food.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7514555
title: Atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy: a review

description: ABSTRACT: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), caused by an infectious prion, emerged in the 1980s in Europe as a new disease in cattle and, since then, several actions are being taken for its prevention and control. Restricting the feeding of ruminants with animal by-products and the removal and destruction of specific risk materials (SRM) for the condition of carcasses in slaughterhouses have been proven effective to control the disease, in addition to the reduction of human exposure to the agent, as this is an important zoonosis. However, in 2004 the first atypical cases of BSE were diagnosed, in which the causative agents showed different molecular weights in Western blot (WB), compared to the classical form of the agent. In addition to the molecular differences, clinical presentations proved to be differentiated in atypical forms, affecting mainly cattle older than eight years. Because it is a new form of the disease, many studies are being conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis, epidemiology and zoonotic potential of atypical BSE. The aim of this study was to review the main aspects of atypical BSE emphasizing its etiology, epidemiology, clinical signs, diagnosis and control and prevention measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7514555.v1
title: Atypical bovine spongiform encephalopathy: a review

description: ABSTRACT: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), caused by an infectious prion, emerged in the 1980s in Europe as a new disease in cattle and, since then, several actions are being taken for its prevention and control. Restricting the feeding of ruminants with animal by-products and the removal and destruction of specific risk materials (SRM) for the condition of carcasses in slaughterhouses have been proven effective to control the disease, in addition to the reduction of human exposure to the agent, as this is an important zoonosis. However, in 2004 the first atypical cases of BSE were diagnosed, in which the causative agents showed different molecular weights in Western blot (WB), compared to the classical form of the agent. In addition to the molecular differences, clinical presentations proved to be differentiated in atypical forms, affecting mainly cattle older than eight years. Because it is a new form of the disease, many studies are being conducted to elucidate the pathogenesis, epidemiology and zoonotic potential of atypical BSE. The aim of this study was to review the main aspects of atypical BSE emphasizing its etiology, epidemiology, clinical signs, diagnosis and control and prevention measures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8848415
title: Who reads spiritualist books?

description: Abstract The growing Spiritualist editorial market suggests a need to establish the particular kind of reader who seeks knowledge and consolation in Spiritualist literature. Based on our experience as readers, we seek to identify the profile of the Brazilian reader of Spiritualist books, obtained through the collection of data across the country. Our research is based on the study “Retratos da Leitura no Brasil” and seeks to collect, among readers who are mostly Spiritistualist, information that identifies them as Brazilian citizens and that translates their reading experiences, such as authors they admire, readings in progress, reading habits and reading practices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5816583.v1
title: Classification and infection mechanism of entomopathogenic fungi

description: ABSTRACT: Entomopathogenic fungi are important biological control agents throughout the world, have been the subject of intensive research for more than 100 years, and can occur at epizootic or enzootic levels in their host populations. Their mode of action against insects involves attaching a spore to the insect cuticle, followed by germination, penetration of the cuticle, and dissemination inside the insect. Strains of entomopathogenic fungi are concentrated in the following orders: Hypocreales (various genera), Onygenales (Ascosphaera genus), Entomophthorales, and Neozygitales (Entomophthoromycota).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862459
title: Virus infecting phytopathogenic fungi

description: ABSTRACT: Mycovirus are viruses that infect all taxa of fungi. They are generally cryptic or latent, but they can induce minor or imperceptible changes in hosts. Mycoviruses can interfere with the symptoms induced by phytopathogenic fungi hosts, and in some cases they reduce the virulence of its host. Therefore, they are objects of study since they are potential biocontrol agents and are important tools for knowledge of fungal pathogenesis mechanisms. The aim of this review was to gather literature data concerning general aspects of biology and behavior of mycovirus, focusing some phytopathogenic mycovirus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862459.v1
title: Virus infecting phytopathogenic fungi

description: ABSTRACT: Mycovirus are viruses that infect all taxa of fungi. They are generally cryptic or latent, but they can induce minor or imperceptible changes in hosts. Mycoviruses can interfere with the symptoms induced by phytopathogenic fungi hosts, and in some cases they reduce the virulence of its host. Therefore, they are objects of study since they are potential biocontrol agents and are important tools for knowledge of fungal pathogenesis mechanisms. The aim of this review was to gather literature data concerning general aspects of biology and behavior of mycovirus, focusing some phytopathogenic mycovirus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8848415.v1
title: Who reads spiritualist books?

description: Abstract The growing Spiritualist editorial market suggests a need to establish the particular kind of reader who seeks knowledge and consolation in Spiritualist literature. Based on our experience as readers, we seek to identify the profile of the Brazilian reader of Spiritualist books, obtained through the collection of data across the country. Our research is based on the study “Retratos da Leitura no Brasil” and seeks to collect, among readers who are mostly Spiritistualist, information that identifies them as Brazilian citizens and that translates their reading experiences, such as authors they admire, readings in progress, reading habits and reading practices.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5816583
title: Classification and infection mechanism of entomopathogenic fungi

description: ABSTRACT: Entomopathogenic fungi are important biological control agents throughout the world, have been the subject of intensive research for more than 100 years, and can occur at epizootic or enzootic levels in their host populations. Their mode of action against insects involves attaching a spore to the insect cuticle, followed by germination, penetration of the cuticle, and dissemination inside the insect. Strains of entomopathogenic fungi are concentrated in the following orders: Hypocreales (various genera), Onygenales (Ascosphaera genus), Entomophthorales, and Neozygitales (Entomophthoromycota).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862426
title: Small ruminant lentiviruses: economic and productive losses, consequences of the disease

description: ABSTRACT: Small ruminant lentiviruses, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus, and Maedi-Visna virus cause diseases that result in significant productive losses, mostly in dairy animals. These viruses belong to the Retroviridae family, Lentivirus genus, and constitute a heterogeneous group, which may generate implications for the diagnosis and control of small ruminant lentiviruses. Losses caused by them are associated with reproductive failure, short productive life, and decreased milk production by the infected animals. In addition, these viruses may reduce milk quality, affecting the production of dairy products such as cheese. Small ruminant lentiviruses lead to indirect losses, decreasing herd value and forcing the development of epidemiological trade barriers for animal germplasm. Control of small ruminant lentiviruses is important to promote optimal milk production and to reduce costs with medicine and technical assistance. This control may vary in caprine and ovine populations of each country, according to seroprevalence, variety of breeds, and peculiarities of the practiced management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862426.v1
title: Small ruminant lentiviruses: economic and productive losses, consequences of the disease

description: ABSTRACT: Small ruminant lentiviruses, caprine arthritis encephalitis virus, and Maedi-Visna virus cause diseases that result in significant productive losses, mostly in dairy animals. These viruses belong to the Retroviridae family, Lentivirus genus, and constitute a heterogeneous group, which may generate implications for the diagnosis and control of small ruminant lentiviruses. Losses caused by them are associated with reproductive failure, short productive life, and decreased milk production by the infected animals. In addition, these viruses may reduce milk quality, affecting the production of dairy products such as cheese. Small ruminant lentiviruses lead to indirect losses, decreasing herd value and forcing the development of epidemiological trade barriers for animal germplasm. Control of small ruminant lentiviruses is important to promote optimal milk production and to reduce costs with medicine and technical assistance. This control may vary in caprine and ovine populations of each country, according to seroprevalence, variety of breeds, and peculiarities of the practiced management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512098.v1
title: Diversity and conservation status of Aegla spp. (Anomura, Aeglidae): an update

description: Abstract The speciose genus Aegla Leach, 1820 is the only valid extant genus of the anomuran family Aeglidae, bearing 83 known species. This diversity may be even greater since there is some evidence for cryptic speciation. The genus is endemic to southern South America, occurring in freshwater habitats. We assessed the conservation status of 82 species of Aegla and found almost 70% of them under some level of threat, which represents a concerning proportion. Major threats to the group include freshwater pollution with urban, agricultural and industrial effluents, habitat modification and fragmentation, riparian forest removal, among others. Conservation measures are required to mitigate the major threats to freshwater ecosystems along rivers where the group occurs.