cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12094377
title: Sustainable provision of raw water based on the management of ecosystem services in small watersheds

description: Abstract The differentiated effects of the provision of environmental services in a watershed are due to the capacity of regularization of outflows in its mouth. In impacted areas, this environmental function is affected, and in some situations, it ceases to exist completely. This study characterized the soil and the production of sediments in anthropic watersheds, with the purpose of describing and evaluating the environmental services offered by a watershed undergoing anthropic transformation. The analyses show that the water flow in the remaining watersheds was preferably horizontal in the transmission zone, and these areas represent almost all areas. The values of hydraulic conductivity suggest that the infiltration decreases with soil depth; this fact is corroborated by the values of bulk density. The natural regions of water accumulation, the floodplains or outcrops zones, are small and do not have direct contact with the main floodplain present in the Guandu River Basin, making it impossible to recharge through other areas. Even so, water balance shows that the set of measures implemented ensured that the deficit water demand was supplied during the years of operation, even in times of water deficit. Likewise, the retention of solids in the settling tanks and in the drainage system prevented some 29,000 t of sediment from being carried between the years of 2012 and 2015.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12094386
title: Heavy metals in soils and forage grasses irrigated with Vieira River water, Montes Claros, Brazil, contaminated with sewage wastewater

description: Abstract There is great concern with soil and plant contamination by heavy metals due to the use of polluted water in agricultural irrigation. In this study, areas irrigated with Vieira River water were evaluated as to contamination by As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. The Vieira River receives effluent from Montes Claros city, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To do so, two irrigated areas were selected, one upstream and one downstream of the Montes Claros city. Wastewater discharge increased the concentration of As and Ni in the water of Vieira River, and consequently, of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the soil and of As and Zn in forage grasses. However, the content of heavy metals in the soil did not exceed the internationally recommended limits. Pollution load index (PLI) and contamination factor (CF) indicated the existence of pollution and moderate contamination in downstream soils of the city of Montes Claros. Potential ecological risk index (RI) and ecological risk factor (Er) indicated a low ecological risk, but these indicators were higher in downstream soils of Montes Claros. Arsenic (As) was the only heavy metal that featured a transfer factor (TF) higher than the widespread values found in literature and positive geoaccumulation index (Igeo), indicative of anthropogenic pollution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12094386.v1
title: Heavy metals in soils and forage grasses irrigated with Vieira River water, Montes Claros, Brazil, contaminated with sewage wastewater

description: Abstract There is great concern with soil and plant contamination by heavy metals due to the use of polluted water in agricultural irrigation. In this study, areas irrigated with Vieira River water were evaluated as to contamination by As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn. The Vieira River receives effluent from Montes Claros city, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. To do so, two irrigated areas were selected, one upstream and one downstream of the Montes Claros city. Wastewater discharge increased the concentration of As and Ni in the water of Vieira River, and consequently, of As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the soil and of As and Zn in forage grasses. However, the content of heavy metals in the soil did not exceed the internationally recommended limits. Pollution load index (PLI) and contamination factor (CF) indicated the existence of pollution and moderate contamination in downstream soils of the city of Montes Claros. Potential ecological risk index (RI) and ecological risk factor (Er) indicated a low ecological risk, but these indicators were higher in downstream soils of Montes Claros. Arsenic (As) was the only heavy metal that featured a transfer factor (TF) higher than the widespread values found in literature and positive geoaccumulation index (Igeo), indicative of anthropogenic pollution.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12127314
title: Removal of solids and chemical oxygen demand in poultry litter anaerobic digestion with different inocula

description: Abstract Population growth has contributed to increasing poultry production, entailing a high waste loading, mainly poultry litter. One of the alternatives to treat such residues is anaerobic digestion, in which digester startup and generated-digestate quality are related to the material to be digested and to operation conditions, wherein inoculum use is one of the factors. This study therefore aimed to investigate how digestates, such as inocula, influence poultry litter (PL) anaerobic digestion, as well the reduction of solids and chemical oxygen demand (COD). For this, two inocula (bovine and swine digestates) were tested in the digestion process. The inocula were added at loads of 0.67, 1.00 and 1.67 gVS.L-1day-1. A split-plot design was developed and data underwent analysis of variance with means compared by the Tukey's test at 5% significance. Concerning bovine and swine inocula, it was concluded that both are indicated in the process. However, swine inoculum is better indicated because it had a better removal of total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and COD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12127326
title: Physical and chemical attributes of soil on gully erosion in the Atlantic forest biome

description: Abstract Soil is a fundamental natural resource for subsistence and development of humanity, exploited mainly for agriculture. Agricultural practices, though, are improperly performed, compromising edaphic conditions and favoring erosive processes, which mainly culminate in the loss of soil and nutrients. Water erosion represents the main form of soil degradation, given that the impact of raindrops on the soil results in the detachment of particles, a process favored by factors such as climate, relief, soil vegetation and use and occupation. The objective of the study was to classify four gullies based on their evolutionary turns and to judge the physical-chemical classifications of the soil at the internal and external faces of the gullies. The morphology of the gullies was classified by aerial images generated by drones. The gullies were mapped using Google Earth images from 2016. The qualitative assessment was performed using the digital field-elevation curvature (MDESC) model with field validation. Deformed samples were collected at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm, while non-deformed samples were collected at depths of 0.0-0.10 cm to evaluate their chemical and physical attributes. A nonparametric 5% Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis was performed on the resulting data. The chemical and physical attributes of the soil differed according to the evolutionary stage of the surfaces (internal and external) at depths of 0 to 10 cm, while the faces showed differences in depth of 10 to 20 cm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506587.v1
title: Generation of 3D ultrasound biomicroscopic images: technique validation and in vivo volumetric imaging of rat lateral gastrocnemius

description: Introduction Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a technique for generating high-resolution images, with frequencies from 20 MHz to 100 MHz. For example, it has been used in animal research related to models of injury and diseases that mimic human conditions. With a three-dimensional ultrasound (3D) image system, an organ can be viewed at various angles and the volume estimated, contributing to an accurate diagnosis. This work refers to the generation of 3D-UBM images, employing a 35 MHz ultrasound system, from multiple two-dimensional (2D) images. Phantoms were used to validate the technique and to determine its reliability of volume measurements. Additionally, the technique was used to obtain 3D images of the rat gastrocnemius muscle. Methods Four different phantoms were used and ten acquisition sequences of 2D-images acquired for each one. Thereafter, 5 volume segmentations were performed for each acquisition sequence, resulting in 50 measured volumes for each phantom. The physical volumes of all phantoms were used to validate the technique based on the coefficient of variation (CV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Images of the gastrocnemius muscle were acquired and the partial volume quantified. Results The CV and ICC confirmed the reliability of volume measurements obtained by segmentation. Moreover, cross-sectional 2D images of rat hindlimb were obtained, allowing to identify the gastrocnemius muscle and to partially quantify the muscle volume from 3D images. Conclusion The results indicated that the technique is valid to generate 3D images and quantify the volume of a muscle compatible with the dimensions of a small animal.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12094377.v1
title: Sustainable provision of raw water based on the management of ecosystem services in small watersheds

description: Abstract The differentiated effects of the provision of environmental services in a watershed are due to the capacity of regularization of outflows in its mouth. In impacted areas, this environmental function is affected, and in some situations, it ceases to exist completely. This study characterized the soil and the production of sediments in anthropic watersheds, with the purpose of describing and evaluating the environmental services offered by a watershed undergoing anthropic transformation. The analyses show that the water flow in the remaining watersheds was preferably horizontal in the transmission zone, and these areas represent almost all areas. The values of hydraulic conductivity suggest that the infiltration decreases with soil depth; this fact is corroborated by the values of bulk density. The natural regions of water accumulation, the floodplains or outcrops zones, are small and do not have direct contact with the main floodplain present in the Guandu River Basin, making it impossible to recharge through other areas. Even so, water balance shows that the set of measures implemented ensured that the deficit water demand was supplied during the years of operation, even in times of water deficit. Likewise, the retention of solids in the settling tanks and in the drainage system prevented some 29,000 t of sediment from being carried between the years of 2012 and 2015.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12094389
title: Land-use change effect on the hydro-dynamic characteristics of soil in the Brazilian semi-arid region

description: Abstract The search for better living conditions has led the residents of the Brazilian semi-arid region to plant forage crops, leading to a gradual decrease in the native vegetation (Caatinga) of this region. The effects caused by the replacement of Caatinga with palm, for example, have been little studied, especially with regard to the physical and hydraulic properties of the soil. The objective of this study was to compare the physical-hydraulic characteristics of a litholic neosol in two areas having different vegetation cover: one area cultivated with forage palm (O. ficus-indica) and the other covered by native Caatinga. Differences in soil structure, especially in porosity, between the natural and cultivated soils were observed to control the hydrodynamic processes, resulting in changes in water retention curves and hydraulic conductivity. Natural soil presents low values of hydraulic conductivity when compared to those of cultivated soil. This increase is probably due to soil management required for forage palm cultivation. The natural soil structure, characterized by relatively low saturated hydraulic conductivity values, presents an infiltrability that favors surface runoff. Human activities in the study area have promoted changes in the soil’s physical attributes, decreasing density and increasing porosity. Consequently, there is an increase in water infiltration into the soil and a reduction of runoff in cultivated areas, confirming results obtained in previous studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12127326.v1
title: Physical and chemical attributes of soil on gully erosion in the Atlantic forest biome

description: Abstract Soil is a fundamental natural resource for subsistence and development of humanity, exploited mainly for agriculture. Agricultural practices, though, are improperly performed, compromising edaphic conditions and favoring erosive processes, which mainly culminate in the loss of soil and nutrients. Water erosion represents the main form of soil degradation, given that the impact of raindrops on the soil results in the detachment of particles, a process favored by factors such as climate, relief, soil vegetation and use and occupation. The objective of the study was to classify four gullies based on their evolutionary turns and to judge the physical-chemical classifications of the soil at the internal and external faces of the gullies. The morphology of the gullies was classified by aerial images generated by drones. The gullies were mapped using Google Earth images from 2016. The qualitative assessment was performed using the digital field-elevation curvature (MDESC) model with field validation. Deformed samples were collected at depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm, while non-deformed samples were collected at depths of 0.0-0.10 cm to evaluate their chemical and physical attributes. A nonparametric 5% Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis was performed on the resulting data. The chemical and physical attributes of the soil differed according to the evolutionary stage of the surfaces (internal and external) at depths of 0 to 10 cm, while the faces showed differences in depth of 10 to 20 cm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12171057
title: Membrane bioreactor for mall wastewater treatment

description: Abstract Malls concentrate a large number of people in a relatively small area, and thus generate concentrated urban wastewater. This study evaluated the performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) as an alternative for the treatment of mall wastewater. Wastewater samples without any previous treatment were collected from a medium-size mall and showed a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) near 2,000 mg L-1. The MBR operated with a constant pressure of 40 kPa during 60 days with a sludge age of 30 days. Concentration of biomass was 3,738±930 mg L-1 and average permeate flux was 7.0 L h-1 m-2. The MBR was able to remove 91.2% and 97.2% of color and turbidity, respectively. Furthermore, COD removal was approximately 90% and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 88%. In addition, the MBR produced a phosphorus removal near 50%, and for nitrogen, 80%. The MBR system proved to be an efficient process for the removal of the pollutants, remaining stable even with the oscillation of the characteristics of the raw sewage, presenting great potential for application in the treatment of sewage from malls and effluents with high organic loads.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12171057.v1
title: Membrane bioreactor for mall wastewater treatment

description: Abstract Malls concentrate a large number of people in a relatively small area, and thus generate concentrated urban wastewater. This study evaluated the performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) as an alternative for the treatment of mall wastewater. Wastewater samples without any previous treatment were collected from a medium-size mall and showed a high chemical oxygen demand (COD) near 2,000 mg L-1. The MBR operated with a constant pressure of 40 kPa during 60 days with a sludge age of 30 days. Concentration of biomass was 3,738±930 mg L-1 and average permeate flux was 7.0 L h-1 m-2. The MBR was able to remove 91.2% and 97.2% of color and turbidity, respectively. Furthermore, COD removal was approximately 90% and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 88%. In addition, the MBR produced a phosphorus removal near 50%, and for nitrogen, 80%. The MBR system proved to be an efficient process for the removal of the pollutants, remaining stable even with the oscillation of the characteristics of the raw sewage, presenting great potential for application in the treatment of sewage from malls and effluents with high organic loads.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388217
title: Analysis of hospitalization costs for sickle cell disease in the state of Bahia

description: Abstract Introduction Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that mainly affects the black population. In the course of the disease, several clinical complications and repeated hospitalizations may happen. Objective To describe the hospitalization costs for sickle cell anemia complications in the state of Bahia, from 2008 to 2014. Methods Descriptive study using secondary data. The study population was composed of all patients hospitalized for sickle cell anemia. Results Data collection and analysis were carried out according to the Division of Health macro-regions of the state of Bahia; 8.103 hospitalizations recorded in the SIH-SUS were analyzed. There was a predominance of males and aged between 5 and 14 years. The Eastern Health macro-region had the largest number of hospitalizations for sickle cell anemia (33.4%) and the largest total expenditure; the Southern macro-region had the higher coefficient of hospitalization; and the Extreme Southern macro-region presented the higher fatality rate. The Eastern and Southern macro-regions had the largest expenditures: 18.9% and 40.5%, respectively. Conclusion The study allowed to know the profile of hospital admissions for sickle cell anemia and to give an idea of the costs that hospitalization for this disease incurred during the studied period.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6388217.v1
title: Analysis of hospitalization costs for sickle cell disease in the state of Bahia

description: Abstract Introduction Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that mainly affects the black population. In the course of the disease, several clinical complications and repeated hospitalizations may happen. Objective To describe the hospitalization costs for sickle cell anemia complications in the state of Bahia, from 2008 to 2014. Methods Descriptive study using secondary data. The study population was composed of all patients hospitalized for sickle cell anemia. Results Data collection and analysis were carried out according to the Division of Health macro-regions of the state of Bahia; 8.103 hospitalizations recorded in the SIH-SUS were analyzed. There was a predominance of males and aged between 5 and 14 years. The Eastern Health macro-region had the largest number of hospitalizations for sickle cell anemia (33.4%) and the largest total expenditure; the Southern macro-region had the higher coefficient of hospitalization; and the Extreme Southern macro-region presented the higher fatality rate. The Eastern and Southern macro-regions had the largest expenditures: 18.9% and 40.5%, respectively. Conclusion The study allowed to know the profile of hospital admissions for sickle cell anemia and to give an idea of the costs that hospitalization for this disease incurred during the studied period.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7516607
title: Knowledge, attitudes and practices of dentists from Anápolis-GO on phytotherapy in dentistry

description: INTRODUCTION: Despite the expansion of complementary and integrative health practices in Brazil, there are few studies related to the use of phytotherapy in dentistry.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of dentists on phytotherapy in clinical practice.MATERIAL AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a group of 105 dentists working as clinicians in the public and private service in the city of Anápolis-GO (response rate = 52.5% of the 200 professionals invited) who answered a questionnaire.RESULT: About 16% of respondents said they had theoretical background about phytotherapy and half of them reported having had this subject during the undergraduate programe. Although more than half of dentists (61.9%) have considered that the insertion of phytotherapy in clinical practice is feasible, only a few reported prescribing them (12.4%), or questioning, during the consultation, if their patients were having phytotherapy (36.2%). Regarding the dentists' opinions regarding the factors that hinder the inclusion of phytotherapy in the dental practice, the most frequent were lack of knowledge, lack of research and lack of information. Most of them had no knowledge on the legislation regarding phytotherapy and this was associated with its use in clinical practice (p&lt;0.05).CONCLUSION: Dental surgeons investigated in this study showed deficiencies in knowledge, little application and favorable attitudes towards the use of phytotherapy in clinical practice, but a shift in the academic and professional training is required for an appropriate support for its use.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7516607.v1
title: Knowledge, attitudes and practices of dentists from Anápolis-GO on phytotherapy in dentistry

description: INTRODUCTION: Despite the expansion of complementary and integrative health practices in Brazil, there are few studies related to the use of phytotherapy in dentistry.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices of dentists on phytotherapy in clinical practice.MATERIAL AND METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a group of 105 dentists working as clinicians in the public and private service in the city of Anápolis-GO (response rate = 52.5% of the 200 professionals invited) who answered a questionnaire.RESULT: About 16% of respondents said they had theoretical background about phytotherapy and half of them reported having had this subject during the undergraduate programe. Although more than half of dentists (61.9%) have considered that the insertion of phytotherapy in clinical practice is feasible, only a few reported prescribing them (12.4%), or questioning, during the consultation, if their patients were having phytotherapy (36.2%). Regarding the dentists' opinions regarding the factors that hinder the inclusion of phytotherapy in the dental practice, the most frequent were lack of knowledge, lack of research and lack of information. Most of them had no knowledge on the legislation regarding phytotherapy and this was associated with its use in clinical practice (p&lt;0.05).CONCLUSION: Dental surgeons investigated in this study showed deficiencies in knowledge, little application and favorable attitudes towards the use of phytotherapy in clinical practice, but a shift in the academic and professional training is required for an appropriate support for its use.