cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zw3r228c5
title: Reconstructing locomotor ecology of extinct avialans: a case study of Ichthyornis comparing sternum morphology and skeletal proportions

description: Avian skeletal morphology is associated with locomotor function, including
 flight style, swimming and terrestrial locomotion, and permits informed
 inferences on locomotion in extinct taxa. The fossil taxon Ichthyornis
 (Avialae: Ornithurae) has long been regarded as highly aerial, with flight
 similar to terns or gulls (Laridae), and skeletal features resembling
 foot-propelled diving adaptations. However, rigorous testing of locomotor
 hypotheses has yet to be performed on Ichthyornis, despite its notable
 phylogenetic position as one of the most crownward stem birds. We analysed
 separate datasets of 3D sternal shape (geometric morphometrics) and
 skeletal proportions (linear measurements across the skeleton), to examine
 how well these data types predict locomotor traits in Neornithes. We then
 used this information to infer locomotor capabilities of Ichthyornis. We
 find strong support for both soaring and foot-propelled swimming
 capabilities in Ichthyornis. Further, sternal shape and skeletal
 proportions provide complementary information on avian locomotion:
 skeletal proportions allow better predictions of the capacity for flight,
 whereas sternal shape predicts variation in more specific locomotor
 abilities such as soaring, foot-propelled swimming, and escape burst
 flight. These results have important implications for future studies of
 extinct avialan ecology, and underscore the importance of closely
 considering sternum morphology in investigations of fossil bird
 locomotion.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n02v6wx1t
title: Use of geolocators for investigating breeding ecology of a rock crevice-nesting seabird: method validation and impact assessment

description: 1: Investigating ecology of marine animals, imposes a continuous challenge
 due to their temporal and/or spatial unavailability. Light-based
 geolocators (GLS) are animal-borne devices that provide relatively cheap
 and efficient method to track seabird movement and are commonly used to
 study migration. Here we explore the potential of GLS data to establish
 individual behaviour during the breeding period in a rock crevice-nesting
 seabird, the Little Auk, Alle alle. 2: By deploying GLS on 12 breeding
 pairs, we developed a methodological workflow to extract birds’ behaviour
 from GLS data (nest attendance, colony attendance and foraging activity),
 and validated its accuracy using behaviour extracted from a
 well-established method based on video recordings. We also compared
 breeding outcome, as well as behavioural patterns of logged individuals
 with a control group treated similarly in all aspects except for the
 deployment of a logger, to assess short-term logger effects on fitness and
 behaviour. 3: We found a high accuracy of GLS-established behavioural
 patterns, especially during the incubation and early chick rearing period
 (when birds spend relatively long time in the nest). We observed no
 apparent effect of logger deployment on breeding outcome of logged pairs,
 but recorded some behavioural changes in logged individuals (longer
 incubation bouts and shorter foraging trips). 4: Our study provides a
 useful framework for establishing behavioural patterns (nest attendance
 and foraging) of a crevice-nesting seabird from GLS data (light and
 conductivity), especially during incubation and early chick rearing
 period. Given that GLS deployment does not seem to affect the breeding
 outcome of logged individuals but does affect fine-scale behaviour, our
 framework is likely to be applicable to a variety of crevice/burrow
 nesting seabirds, even though precautions should be taken to reduce
 deployment effect. Finally, because each species may have its own
 behavioural and ecological specificity, we recommend performing a pilot
 study before implementing the method in a new study system.
description: Please see method section of paper entitled "Use of
 geolocators for investigating breeding ecology of a rock crevice-nesting
 seabird: method validation and impact assessment" published in
 Ecology and Evolution for detailed description of methods.
description: All data manipulations and statistical analysis were made in R
 version 4.1.2 (R Core Team 2021). The data provided
 contains the raw data (files starting with 1.1 to 1.4 and 5.1 to 5.5), and
 the intermediate and final results, as well as the full script that
 process the raw data into the final results. Script was indexed and
 explained when possible. Please feel free to reach the corresponding
 author, at antoine.grissot@gmail.com in case of any problem with running
 this script.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.brv15dvd8
title: Data for: Bullying as an advertisement of social dominance in common waxbills

description: Bullying consists of preferentially attacking individuals lowest in the
 dominance hierarchy, and its functions are unclear because the most
 subordinate individuals do not pose social challenges to the aggressor.
 Instead, conflict is expected mostly between individuals of similar
 dominance rank or socially-distant (i.e., weakly associated), among whom
 dominance relationships may not be well established. A possible function
 of bullying is that it may be used as a low-risk strategy of showing-off
 dominance to relevant third parties. To study this hypothesis, we
 monitored aggressions during feeding, the composition of audiences,
 dominance hierarchy and social network of common waxbills (Estrilda
 astrild) in an open-air mesocosm, and tested 1- whether their aggressions
 show a pattern of bullying, and 2- whether audience effects influence
 aggressiveness. Waxbills showed bullying, most often attacking the
 lowest-ranking individuals rather than socially-distant individuals or
 those of similar dominance rank, and aggressions increased when the
 audience included socially-distant individuals, indicating a signalling
 function of bullying. Showing-off dominance in the presence of
 socially-distant individuals may be a strategy to manage dominance
 hierarchies, avoiding direct fights with potentially dangerous opponents
 in the audience. We suggest that bullying is a safe manner of managing
 dominance hierarchies, by signalling dominance status to potential
 opponents.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wpzgmsbrs
title: Is metformin the only culprit for cognitive impairment in diabetes?

description: Background As diabetic patients conventionally are on a long-term
 prescription for metformin, it is important to identify any increase in
 their risk for developing cognitive disorders. Hence, an attempt was made
 here to study cognitive impairment by using the Montreal Cognitive
 Assessment test (MoCA) as a possible predictor of development of cognitive
 impairment in type 2 diabetics on metformin therapy. Methods 400 Type 2
 diabetics on metformin-containing anti-diabetic regimen were enrolled and
 data recorded. A cognitive test, MoCA, was administered and a score of
 less than 26 was considered abnormal.  Results In this study, the
 participants on metformin had a statistically significant correlation with
 age &gt; 65 years, duration of diabetes (&gt;5 years), metformin
 dose (1 gm and more) and presence of diabetes complications. Ordinal
 regressions showed significant correlation between abnormal MoCA scores
 and older age, longer duration of DM, and presence of one of the DM
 complications. Conclusions Amongst patients receiving medical therapy for
 control of type 2 diabetes, participants using metformin showed a very
 high prevalence rate of abnormal MoCA scores (85%). Increased duration of
 metformin intake leads to a decline in MoCA performance.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xd2547dmz
title: Functional traits of soil nematodes define their response to nitrogen fertilization

description: 1. Nitrogen (N) fertilization and warming are two crucial global change
 factors affecting the soil nematode communities. The effects of N
 fertilization and warming, however, on nematode communities in soils are
 inconsistent across ecosystems and maybe be even opposite. 2. One key
 reason is that the commonly used taxonomic diversity is less sensitive to
 environmental changes than the seldom-used trait-based indicators. To
 verify this, we performed an eight-year field experiment with four N
 fertilization levels with and without soil warming and collected an
 extensive dataset consisting of (i) six traits related to the nematode
 performance, i.e., body size, maximum body length, maximum body width,
 stylet length, esophagus length, and intestinal length; (ii) the taxonomic
 alpha (richness and abundance) and beta-diversity (Bray-Curtis
 dissimilarities) of the whole nematode community and each nematode
 functional group, (iii) soil food web resources (the total taxonomic
 richness and abundance of plant, bacterial and fungal communities), and
 (iv) soil properties (pH, total, ammonium and nitrate N, microbial N and
 C, total and available P and soil water content). 3. We found that N
 fertilization altered plant diversity and soil nitrate levels, which in
 turn decreased taxonomic alpha diversity of two nematode functional groups
 (phytophagous nematodes and predators), but taxonomic diversity for the
 whole nematode community remained stable. The decreased taxonomic alpha
 diversity of phytophagous nematodes resulted in increased maximum body
 width, but decreased stylet length and esophageal length. Mild warming (~
 0.7 °C) had no effects on soil properties and soil food web resources, and
 the taxonomic diversity or nematode traits remained unchanged. 4. Our
 results reveal that nematode functional traits show strong responses to N
 fertilization as individual nematode groups adapted quickly to changed
 soil properties and food web resources. Taxonomic diversity indices,
 however, were more stable under these changes showing that the functional
 composition of nematode communities may respond in the short-term despite
 little effects on species diversity. Thus, the trait-based indicators not
 only reveal how nematodes respond to N fertilization, but also how
 nematodes mediate the effects of N fertilization on ecosystem functioning
 (i.e., soil nutrient cycling).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15982863
title: Social media data: Flickr and Twitter metadata for eight mountain parks in Spain and Portugal

description: This dataset contains a collection of geolocated photos and their associated metadata, which were retrieved from two social media platforms: Flickr (241,582 photos) and Twitter/X (1,035,488 photos) downloaded for the period 2015 - 2022. The metadata includes information such as geographic coordinates, timestamps, anonymised user identifiers and platform-specific attributes (e.g. tags, text captions, image URLs and retweets/favourites for Twitter).

The data were collected for eight mountain national parks located in Spain and Portugal: Aigüestortes, Sierra de Guadarrama, Ordesa, Peneda-Gerês, Picos de Europa, Sierra de las Nieves, Sierra Nevada and Teide.

These databases were subsequently labeled using artificial intelligence models and expert human labelers.

able 1. Table of contents of the dataset








Folder

 
 


format



Description





Flickr



Database metadata



Flickr_database



.csv



This CSV file contains metadata associated with 241,582 geolocated photos retrieved from the Flickr platform





Twitter



Database metadata



Twitter_database



.csv



This CSV file contains metadata associated with 1,035,488 geolocated photos retrieved from the Twitter platform





Scripts to download photos



Flickr



Download Flickr



.py



Python script used to download geolocated photos from the Flickr platform (publicly accessible via API). The script implements a grid-based approach (1 km resolution) to spatially structure and optimize the download process, avoiding API rate limits and redundancies.



 


Twitter



Download Twitter



.py



Python script used to download geolocated photos from the Twitter/X platform (currently restricted). The script implements a grid-based approach (1 km resolution) to spatially structure and optimize the download process, avoiding API rate limits and redundancies.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7d7wm3808
title: Differences in mating system and predicted parental conflict affect post-pollination reproductive isolation in a flowering plant

description: Mating system shifts from outcrossing to selfing are frequent in plant
 evolution. Relative to outcrossing, selfing is associated with reduced
 parental conflict over seed provisioning, which may result in postzygotic,
 asymmetric, reproductive isolation in crosses between populations of
 different mating systems. To test the hypothesis that post-pollination
 reproductive isolation between populations increases with increasing
 differences in mating system and predicted parental conflict, we performed
 a crossing experiment involving all combinations of three self-compatible
 populations (with low outcrossing rates), and three self-incompatible
 populations (with high outcrossing rates) of the arctic-alpine herb Arabis
 alpina, assessing fitness-related seed and plant traits of the progeny.
 Predicted levels of parental conflict (“genome strength”) were quantified
 based on strength of self-incompatibility and estimates of outcrossing
 rates. Crosses between self-compatible and self-incompatible populations
 yielded very small seeds of low viability, resulting in strong
 reproductive isolation. In 14 of 15 reciprocal between-population crosses,
 seeds were heavier when the paternal plant had the stronger genome, and
 seed mass differences between cross directions increased with an increased
 difference in parental conflict. Overall, our results suggest that, when
 sufficiently large, differences in mating system and hence in expected
 parental conflict may result in strong post-pollination reproductive
 barriers contributing to speciation.
description: Data are in the csv-files SeedsPetrenEtal.csv and
 F1PlantsPetrenEtal.csv, code is in R-script AnalysesPetrenEtal.R. All
 other associated information is in README.md.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m63xsj46m
title: Data for: A numerical study of a left ventricular expander for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

description: Increased cardiac stiffness hinders proper left ventricular (LV)
 expansion, resulting in decreased volume, delayed filling, and diastolic
 dysfunction. LV expanders are spring-like devices that aim to improve
 diastolic function by facilitating mechanical outward expansion.
 Implantations in animal models and in a few patients have shown promising
 results, yet further evaluation is needed to assess range of function and
 the risk of use. In this computational study, the effectiveness and
 potential use of a generic LV expander were assessed by utilising our
 finite element models of HFpEF-induced animal subjects. Following
 implantation, the treated models were compared to the corresponding
 untreated and healthy preinduction models. Influence of device orientation
 and its material properties was also examined. Our results demonstrated a
 reduction in LV pressure and a volumetric improvement. Computed LV
 stresses have shown no gross irregularities. The device contributed to
 stress elevation during diastole while having a minor effect during
 systole, supporting a basic safety profile. This is the first study to use
 numerical analysis to assess LV expanders’ performance on different HFpEF
 phenotypes. Improvement in heart function was demonstrated in both
 subjects, suggesting its potential use in various HFpEF manifestations,
 yet customisation and optimal deployment are essential to improve heart
 performance.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v41ns1s1g
title: Functional and taxonomic diversity indices of riparian plants in river networks

description: 1. The River Continuum Concept (RCC) predicts a gradual shift of
 organisms’ functional adaptations along the longitudinal
 (upstream-downstream) gradient, as well as the maximization of the biotic
 diversity in mid-reaches. Although this theoretical framework was
 originally developed for stream macroinvertebrates, we tested whether such
 a pattern can be also observed in riparian plant communities. 2. We
 studied the cover of plant species in riparian forests across two river
 networks. We analyzed the taxonomic and functional diversity indices, as
 well as community-weighted means of functional traits in relation to the
 plots’ position in the catchments. 3. The observed patterns were largely
 in line with the predictions of RCC. We discovered a significant decrease
 in the specific leaf area and an increase in the herbaceous plants’ height
 in communities along a river gradient. There was also a shift in the
 dispersal syndromes, towards a higher importance of zoochory in the lower
 reaches. 4. The functional richness and divergence displayed unimodal
 patterns of increasing values in the mid-reaches. The patterns of
 taxonomic diversity were similar, but some plots in the lowest reaches
 were more diverse than expected, forming an additional increase in
 diversity. 5. The study shows that plant communities in natural riparian
 forests show high connectivity along the longitudinal gradient, which
 along with the environmental gradients creates patterns that are known
 from theoretical predictions.
description: Plant species cover was studied in 70 rectangular plots (150m^2)
 in river networks of two watersheds: San and Wisloka Rivers in southern
 Poland. To analyze diversity and trait shift patterns along the
 longitudinal (upstream-downstream) gradient, a synthetic variable
 "PC1_Longitudinal_gradient" was calculated by takig the first
 principal component of PCA using environmental variables (Catchment area,
 Flow length and Strahler river order). For each plot, species cover was
 calculated and functional and taxonomic diversity indices were calculated
 using R package FD. The dataset inclue also community weighted means of
 each plant trait (SLA, plant height, seed mass, Anemochory, Hydrochory,
 Zoochory, Nitrogen-fixing, Insect pollination, Wind pollination) in the
 plots, calculated separately for whole communities and for herb layer
 only.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sj3tx968n
title: Data from: Assessing the deep carbon release in an active volcanic field using hydrochemistry, δ13CDIC and Δ14CDIC

description: Volcanic activities have great implications on geological carbon cycle,
 and ascertaining the deep carbon contribution in earth surface that run
 along the volcanic edifices is important to understand the relationship
 between earth degassing and global climate change. This study reports
 analytical results of major dissolved ions, stable carbon isotope
 (δ13CDIC) and radiocarbon (Δ14CDIC) of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of
 rivers, cold springs and hot springs from Changbaishan volcanic area,
 Northeast China.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sqv9s4n7p
title: Data from: Vascularization underlies differences in sexually selected skin coloration in a wild primate

description: Male reproductive competition can select for condition-dependent,
 conspicuous traits that signal some aspect of fighting ability and
 facilitate assessment of potential rivals. However, the underlying
 mechanisms that link the signal to a male’s current condition are
 difficult to investigate in wild populations. In this study, we used
 digital photographs and chest skin samples to investigate mechanisms of a
 visual signal used in male competition in a wild primate, the red chest
 patch in geladas (Theropithecus gelada) in the Simien Mountains National
 Park, Ethiopia. We analyzed photographs collected during natural and
 anesthetized conditions to understand variability in male and female chest
 redness, and we used chest skin biopsies to explore sex differences in
 gene expression. Male and female geladas showed similar average redness,
 but males exhibited a wider within-individual range in redness under
 natural conditions. These sex differences were reflected at the molecular
 level, with 10.5% of genes exhibiting significant sex differences in
 expression. Subadult males exhibited intermediate expression patterns
 between adult males and females, pointing to mechanisms underlying the
 development of the red chest patch. We found that genes more highly
 expressed in males were associated with blood vessel development and
 maintenance but not with androgen or estrogen activity. Together, our
 results suggest male gelada redness variability is driven by increased
 blood vessel branching in the chest skin, providing a potential link
 between male chest redness and current condition as increased blood
 circulation to exposed skin could lead to heat loss in the cold,
 high-altitude environment of geladas.
description: Please see the README document
 ("README_Dataset-GeladaChestSkinTranscription_v0.1.0") and the
 accompanying published article: DeLacey, P.M., Sen, S., Schneider-Crease,
 I.A., Chiou, K.L., Lemma, A., Ayele, F., Haile, A.A., Lu, A., Bergman,
 T.J., Beehner, J.C., Snyder-Mackler, N. Vascularization underlies
 differences in sexually selected skin coloration in a wild primate.
 Molecular Ecology. Accepted. DOI:
 10.22541/au.167359516.63326414/v1
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h9w0vt4ng
title: Data from: Model parameterization of four species distribution models

description: Species Distribution Models (SDMs) are practical tools to assess the
 habitat suitability of species with numerous applications in environmental
 management and conservation planning. The manipulation of the input data
 to deal with their spatial bias is one of the advantageous methods to
 enhance the performance of SDMs. However, the development of a model
 parameterization approach covering different SDMs to achieve
 well-performing models has rarely been implemented. We integrated input
 data manipulation and model tuning for four commonly-used SDMs:
 generalized linear model (GLM), gradient boosted model (GBM), random
 forest (RF), and maximum entropy (MaxEnt), and compared their predictive
 performance to model geographically imbalanced biased data of a rare
 species complex of mountain vipers. Models were tuned up based on a range
 of model-specific parameters considering two background selection methods:
 random and background weighting schemes. The performance of the fine-tuned
 models was assessed based on a recently identified localities of the
 species. The results indicated that although the fine-tuned version of all
 models shows great performance in predicting training data (AUC &gt;
 0.9 and TSS &gt; 0.5), they produce different results in classifying
 out-of-bag data. The GBM and RF with higher sensitivity of training data
 showed more different performances. The GLM, despite having high
 predictive performance for test data, showed lower specificity. It was
 only the MaxEnt model that showed high predictive performance and
 comparable results for identifying test data in both random and background
 weighting procedures. Our results highlight that while GBM and RF are
 prone to overfitting training data and GLM over-predict non-sampled areas
 MaxEnt is capable of producing results that are both predictable
 (extrapolative) and complex (interpolative). We discuss the assumptions of
 each model and conclude that MaxEnt could be considered as a practical
 method to cope with imbalanced-biased data in species distribution
 modeling approaches.