cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g8d5k
title: Data from: Geographic variation in advertisement calls of a Microhylid frog—testing the role of drift and ecology

description: Acoustic signals for mating are important traits that could drive
 population differentiation and speciation. Ecology may play a role in
 acoustic divergence through direct selection (e.g., local adaptation to
 abiotic environment), constraint of correlated traits (e.g., acoustic
 traits linked to another trait under selection), and/or interspecific
 competition (e.g., character displacement). However, genetic drift alone
 can also drive acoustic divergence. It is not always easy to differentiate
 the role of ecology versus drift in acoustic divergence. In this study, we
 tested the role of ecology and drift in shaping geographic variation in
 the advertisement calls of Microhyla fissipes. We examined three
 predictions based on ecological processes: (1) the correlation between
 temperature and call properties across M. fissipes populations; (2) the
 correlation between call properties and body size across M. fissipes
 populations; and (3) reproductive character displacement (RCD) in call
 properties between M. fissipes populations that are sympatric with and
 allopatric to a congener M. heymonsi. To test genetic drift, we examined
 correlations among call divergence, geographic distance, and genetic
 distance across M. fissipes populations. We recorded the advertisement
 calls from 11 populations of M. fissipes in Taiwan, five of which are
 sympatrically distributed with M. heymonsi. We found geographic variation
 in both temporal and spectral properties of the advertisement calls of M.
 fissipes. However, the call properties were not correlated with local
 temperature or the callers' body size. Furthermore, we did not detect
 RCD. By contrast, call divergence, geographic distance, and genetic
 distance between M. fissipes populations were all positively correlated.
 The comparisons between phenotypic Qst (Pst) and Fst values did not show
 significant differences, suggesting a role of drift. We concluded that
 genetic drift, rather than ecological processes, is the more likely driver
 for the geographic variation in the advertisement calls of M. fissipes.
description: M_fissipes_phymlPhylogeny of mitochondrial COI lineages from 11 populations of Microhyla fissipes in Taiwan. This tree was constructed by using PhyML 3.0 with 1000 bootstrap replicates.
DOI: 10.34894/wapjsv
title: ANDB Unique persons and links

description: This dataset identifies the unique persons, extracted from the apprentice- and membership cards, with references to their respective cards and where possible links to the ADB dataset and Oorlogslevens.nl
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kq307
title: Data from: Do failures in non-technical skills contribute to fatal medical accidents in Japan? A review of the 2010–2013 national accident reports

description: Objectives: We sought to clarify how large a proportion of fatal medical
 accidents can be considered to be caused by poor Non-Technical Skills, and
 to support development of a policy to reduce numbers of such accidents by
 making recommendations about possible training requirements. Design:
 Summaries of reports of fatal medical accidents, published by the Japan
 Medical Safety Research Organization, were reviewed individually. Three
 experienced clinicians and one patient safety expert conducted the reviews
 to determine the cause of death. Views of the patient safety expert were
 given additional weight in the overall determination. Setting: A total of
 73 summary reports of fatal medical accidents were reviewed. These reports
 had been submitted by healthcare organisations across Japan to the Japan
 Medical Safety Research Organization between April 2010 and March 2013.
 Primary and secondary outcome measures: The cause of death in fatal
 medical accidents, categorised into technical skills, non-technical
 skills, and inevitable progress of disease were evaluated. Non-technical
 skills were further sub-divided into situation awareness, decision-making,
 communication, team working, leadership, managing stress, and coping with
 fatigue. Results: Overall, the cause of death was identified as
 non-technical skills in 34 cases (46.6%), disease progression in 33 cases
 (45.2%), and technical skills in two cases (5.5%). In two cases, no
 consensual determination could be achieved. Further categorisation of
 cases of non-technical skills were identified 14 cases (41.2%) of problems
 with situation awareness, eight (23.5%) with team-working, and three
 (8.8%) with decision-making. These three sub-categories, or combinations
 of them, were identified as the cause of death in 33 cases (97.1%).
 Conclusions: Poor non-technical skills were considered to be a significant
 cause of adverse events in nearly half of the fatal medical accidents
 examined. Improving non-technical skills may be effective for reducing
 accidents, and training in particular sub-categories of non-technical
 skills may be especially relevant.
description: JMSRO
 Summary
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.38m23
title: Data from: Ocean acidification alters the response of intertidal snails to a key sea star predator

description: Organism-level effects of ocean acidification (OA) are well recognized.
 Less understood are OA's consequences for ecological species
 interactions. Here, we examine a behaviourally mediated predator–prey
 interaction within the rocky intertidal zone of the temperate eastern
 Pacific Ocean, using it as a model system to explore OA's capacity to
 impair invertebrate anti-predator behaviours more broadly. Our system
 involves the iconic sea star predator, Pisaster ochraceus, that elicits
 flee responses in numerous gastropod prey. We examine, in particular, the
 capacity for OA-associated reductions in pH to alter flight behaviours of
 the black turban snail, Tegula funebralis, an often-abundant and
 well-studied grazer in the system. We assess interactions between these
 species at 16 discrete levels of pH, quantifying the full functional
 response of Tegula under present and near-future OA conditions. Results
 demonstrate the disruption of snail anti-predator behaviours at low pH,
 with decreases in the time individuals spend in refuge locations. We also
 show that fluctuations in pH, including those typical of rock pools
 inhabited by snails, do not materially change outcomes, implying little
 capacity for episodically benign pH conditions to aid behavioural
 recovery. Together, these findings suggest a strong potential for OA to
 induce cascading community-level shifts within this long-studied
 ecosystem.
description: OA_Pred_Avoid_DataData is of three response variables (proportion of time out of water, path shape and path length) of snails in the presence or absence of cue from a sea star predator (Pisaster ochraceus) under different pH conditions.OA_PRED_AVOID_Data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jd1t3jk
title: Data from: Pattern edges improve predator learning of aposematic signals

description: Edges are salient visual cues created by abrupt changes in luminance and
 color, and are crucial in perceptual tasks such as motion detection and
 object recognition. Disruptively colored animals exploit edge detection
 mechanisms to obscure their body outline and/or to conceal themselves
 against their background. Conversely, aposematic species may use
 contrasting patterns with well-defined edges to create highly salient,
 memorable warning signals. In this study, we investigated how the amount
 of internal pattern edge, colored area, pattern type or shape repetition
 of warning signals influenced avoidance learning in the triggerfish,
 Rhinecanthus aculeatus. Using six different warning signals, we found that
 fish learnt to avoid aposematic signals faster when they featured more
 internal pattern edge. We found little evidence that the amount of colored
 area or pattern type affected learning rates. An optimal amount of pattern
 edge within a warning signal may therefore improve how warning signals are
 learnt. These findings offer important insights into the evolution of prey
 warning signal evolution and predator psychology.
description: Stripes: Group C and
 Group D comparedstripe_vs_four_stripes.csvSpots: Group A and Group Bspot_vs_nine_spots.csvCircles: Group E and Fborder_vs_circles.csvFour Patterns of Equal Edgefour_patterns.csvGroup B and Group D: Same Edge, Different Colored Areaspot_vs_stripe.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kj928
title: Data from: Mimicry and eavesdropping enable a new form of social parasitism in ants

description: Social parasitism is defined by the exploitation of the social mechanisms
 of one society by another whole society. Here, we use quantitative
 ecological data and experiments to identify the components of a new form
 of social parasitism by the recently discovered “mirror turtle ant,”
 Cephalotes specularis. We show that C. specularis workers visually mimic
 and actively avoid contact with foragers of the hyperaggressive host ant
 Crematogaster ampla, allowing them to move freely in the extensive and
 otherwise defended foraging networks of host colonies. Workers from
 parasite colonies have immediate access to these networks by nesting
 exclusively within host territories, and 89% of all potential host
 territories were parasitized. Inside the network, parasite workers
 eavesdrop on the host’s trail pheromones to locate and exploit food
 resources that are defended by the host to the exclusion of all other
 ants. Experiments demonstrated the unprecedented capacity of the parasite
 for superior foraging performance on its host’s pheromone trails than on
 trails of its own. Considered together, the apparent Batesian-Wallacian
 mimicry, pheromone-based interceptive eavesdropping, kleptoparasitism, and
 xenobiotic nesting ecology displayed by C. specularis within the territory
 and foraging network of a host ant represents a novel adaptive syndrome
 for social exploitation.
description: Food discovery &
 mean forager traffic on paired control & host pathsRaw data for paired
 trail-following experiments with the ant Cephalotes specularis in the
 laboratory. Data are given for 3 colonies (a, b, c). Ten paired path
 trials were conducted for each species (1-10 in "trial" column).
 Within each trial, a control path was paired with a path that had been
 previously used by host ant species Crematogaster ampla
 ("control" or "host" in the "path" column).
 Food discovery time ("discovery_time_s") is given in seconds,
 and mean forager traffic over the 25 minute trial
 ("mean_traffic_ants") is given in number of
 ants.Dryad
 discovery_&_traffic_control+host_paths.csvFood discovery & mean forager traffic on paired parasite & host pathsRaw data for paired trail-following experiments with the ant Cephalotes specularis in the laboratory. Data are given for 3 colonies (a, b, c). Ten paired path trials were conducted for each species (1-10 in "trial" column). Within each trial, a path previously used by the focal C. specularis colony was paired with a path that had been previously used by host ant species Crematogaster ampla ("parasite" or "host" in the "path" column). Food discovery time ("discovery_time_s") is given in seconds, and mean forager traffic over the 25 minute trial ("mean_traffic_ants") is given in number of ants.Dryad discovery_&_traffic_parasite+host_paths.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vf86p
title: Data from: Rewriting the history of an extinction - was a population of Steller's sea cows (Hydrodamalis gigas) at St. Lawrence Island also driven to extinction?

description: The Kommandorskiye Islands population of Steller's sea cow
 (Hydrodamalis gigas) was extirpated ca 1768 CE. Until now, Steller's
 sea cow was thought to be restricted in historic times to Bering and
 Copper Islands, Russia, with other records in the last millennium from the
 western Aleutian Islands. However, Steller's sea cow bone has been
 obtained by the authors from St Lawrence Island, Alaska, which is
 significantly further north. Bone identity was verified using analysis of
 mitochondrial DNA. The nitrogen-15 (δ15N)/carbon-13 (δ13C) values for bone
 samples from St Lawrence Island were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) different
 from Bering Island samples, indicating a second population. Bone samples
 were dated to between 1030 and 1150 BP (approx. 800–920 CE). The samples
 date from close to the beginning of the mediaeval warm period, which could
 indicate that the population at St Lawrence Island was driven to
 extinction by climate change. A warming of the climate in the area may
 have changed the availability of kelp; alternatively or in addition, the
 animals may have been driven to extinction by the expansion of the Inuit
 from the Bering Strait region, possibly due to opening waterways, maybe
 following bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus), or searching for iron and
 copper. This study provides evidence for a previously unknown population
 of sea cows in the North Pacific within the past 1000 years and a second
 Steller's sea cow extirpation event in recent history.
description: Steller's Sea Cow
 Cytochrome b SequencesThis document is a FASTA
 format file that contains partial sequences for five Steller's sea
 cow (Hydrodamalis gigas) bones from St. Lawrence Island, AK,
 USA.Bankit
 Sequences.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2q5b7gt
title: Data from: Evolution of ontogenic change in color defenses of swallowtail butterflies

description: Natural selection by visually-hunting predators has led to evolution of
 color defense strategies such as masquerade, crypsis and aposematism that
 reduce the risk of predation in prey species. These color defenses are not
 mutually exclusive, and switches between strategies with ontogenic
 development are widespread across taxa. However, the evolutionary dynamics
 of ontogenic color change are poorly understood. Using comparative
 phylogenetics, we studied the evolution of color defenses in the complex
 lifecycles of swallowtail butterflies (Family: Papilionidae). We also
 tested the relative importance of life history traits, chemical and visual
 backgrounds, and ancestry on the evolution of protective coloration. We
 found that vulnerable early and late instar caterpillars of species that
 feed on sparsely-vegetated, toxic plants were aposematic, whereas species
 that feed on densely-vegetated, non-toxic plants had masquerading and
 cryptic caterpillars. Masquerading caterpillars resembled bird droppings
 at early instars, and transitioned to crypsis with an increase in body
 size at late instars. The immobile pupae – safe from motion-detecting,
 visually hunting predators – retained the ancestral cryptic coloration in
 all lineages irrespective of the toxic nature of the host plant. Thus,
 color defense strategy (masquerade, crypsis or aposematism) at a
 particular lifestage in the lifecycle of swallowtail butterflies was
 determined by the interaction between life history traits such as body
 size and motion levels, phytochemical and visual backgrounds, and
 ancestry. We show that ontogenic color change in swallowtail butterflies
 is an adaptive response to age-dependent vulnerability to predation.
description: Phylogenetic tree used
 in the paper evolution of PGaitonde_Joshi_KuntePruned_global_Papilionidae_phylogeny.tre
DOI: 10.34894/0kr26e
title: ADB membership cards

description: Transcriptions of the ADB membership cards from Antwerp. This Copy used as source for the linked data version that integrates with the ANDB datasets through Druid.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m0j89
title: Data from: MHC-I provides both quantitative resistance and susceptibility to blood parasites in blue tits in the wild

description: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are central for the adaptive
 immune response against parasites. Here, we investigated potential
 associations among MHC-I alleles and blood parasite infections in a
 natural breeding population of a passerine bird, the blue tit Cyanistes
 caeruleus, in central Spain. We screened both infection status
 (presence/absence of infection) and infection intensity to the pathogenic
 blood parasites Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon. Three MHC-I alleles
 (UA104, UA108 and UA117) were associated with higher or lower infection
 intensities by Leucocytozoon. Interestingly, these associations were
 dependent on age and were found both among young and adult birds. No MHC
 alleles were associated with infection intensity by Haemoproteus
 parasites. In addition, no significant relationships were detected between
 infection status by Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon infections and MHC
 alleles. The very high prevalence of these two parasites in our study
 population (79–100%) poses challenges to identify associations with
 infection status and also suggests that clearance of infections may be
 rare. In conclusion, associations between specific MHC-I alleles and
 Leucocytozoon parasites were related to either high or low infection
 intensities, and hence increased susceptibility or resistance to
 infection.
description: JAV-00830.R2Data base including MHC-I alleles and Leucocytozoon and Haemoproteus infections. Both intensity of infection and infection status are included
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f4580
title: Data from: Aggressive jumping spiders make quicker decisions for preferred prey but not at the cost of accuracy

description: There has been an increasing interest in consistent interindividual
 differences in behavior (i.e., personality) in recent years. However,
 consistent interindividual differences in cognitive styles remain largely
 unexplored. Individual differences in cognitive styles are hypothesized to
 be functionally related to differences in personality types. It is assumed
 that proactive individuals make faster decisions at the expense of
 accuracy (i.e., the speed–accuracy trade-offs hypothesis). Here, we
 investigated the relationship between personality and speed–accuracy
 trade-off using Portia labiata, a specialized spider-eating jumping spider
 that exhibits excellent cognitive ability. We first established consistent
 individual differences in aggressiveness and decision-making in P.
 labiata. We then tested whether individual differences in aggressiveness
 could predict how fast and accurately P. labiata makes a prey-choice
 decision (a large vs. a small orb-web spider). We demonstrated that P.
 labiata exhibited individual differences not only in aggressiveness, but
 also in the speed of prey-choice decisions but not in the choices.
 Importantly, we found that aggressiveness was not related to the choice of
 the prey, but it predicted the speed of prey-choice decision: aggressive
 individuals were faster to make choices than docile ones but both chose
 large spiders as preferred prey. This suggests a lack of an association
 between a speed–accuracy trade-off and variation in personality types of
 P. labiata.
description: BEHECO-2016-0233_DataThe data collected in the laboratory to test the relationship between a predator's aggressiveness level and prey-choice decision-making. The data format is for R. The R code is provided in the supplementary material.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t9m00
title: Data from: The phylogenetic significance of fruit anatomical and micromorphological structures in Chinese Heracleum and related taxa (Apiaceae)

description: Fruit anatomical and micromorphological structures from 28 species of
 Heracleum and three species of Angelica as outgroups were examined under
 light microscopy to identify characters useful in delimiting clades
 circumscribed in a previous molecular phylogenetic study. Maximum
 parsimony analyses of 20 fruit structural characters resulted in a
 generally poorly resolved strict consensus tree, yet one whose major
 clades matched those revealed previously. Angelica apaensis and Heracleum
 xiaojinense are best treated as the single species Angelica apaensis
 within Angelica s. s. All remaining Heracleum species share a highly
 lignified hypendocarp and a lignified endocarp, vascular bundles in
 marginal wings situated in the middle of the wing, and a commissure width
 the same as the mericarp width. These Heracleum species are recognized in
 four major clades with the following fruit structural features: (1)
 Heracleum s. s., having non-septate, clavate dorsal vittae that do not
 extend to the bottom of the seed; (2) Candicans (Villosa) clade, having
 marginal wings approximately half the width of the fruit and small seeds;
 (3) Millefolia clade, having narrow marginal wings, long dorsal vittae,
 large seeds, and rib oil ducts; and (4) Tetrataenium s. s., having
 prominent dorsal ribs, very wide marginal wings, dorsal and commissural
 vittae of similar length, 3‐4 commissural vittae, and very small seeds.
description: Data matrix of fruit
 characters used in the phylogenetic analysis of Chinese Heracleum species
 and related taxaData matrix of fruit
 characters used in the phylogenetic analysis of Chinese Heracleum species
 and related taxa. Twenty characters and 33 taxa.Heracleum_Downie.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5cj78
title: Data from: The relationship between blood parasites and ornamentation depends on the level of analysis in the common yellowthroat

description: The Hamilton–Zuk hypothesis predicts that ornament expression is a signal
 of the ability of individuals to resist parasite infection. Thus, across a
 population (i.e. between-individuals) more ornamented individuals should
 have lower levels of parasitism. Numerous studies have tested this
 prediction and the results are mixed. One reason for these conflicting
 results may be that many studies have examined this relationship at the
 between-individual level, which may be affected by confounding factors
 such as selective mortality. Using within-subject centering we examined
 the relationship between male ornamentation and avian blood parasites at
 both the between- and within-individual levels. These relationships focus
 on differences in genetically-based resistance to parasites and the
 trade-off in resource allocation between parasite resistance and ornament
 expression within an individual, respectively. We studied male common
 yellowthroats Geothlypis trichas, which have two plumage ornaments, a
 yellow, carotenoid-based bib (throat and chest) and a black, melanin-based
 facial mask. Surprisingly, within-individuals, an increase in parasitism
 between years was associated with an increase in mask size and,
 potentially, greater concentration of carotenoids in the yellow feathers.
 This suggests that males may be able to tolerate an increase in parasitism
 and still increase ornament expression. In contrast, ornamentation was not
 related to parasitism at the between-individual level. Thus, our study
 revealed relationships between ornaments and parasitism at the
 within-individual level that were not present at the between-individual
 level. Our results highlight the importance of examining both within- and
 between-individual relationships as correlations between variables, such
 as ornaments and parasites, may depend on the level of analysis (i.e.
 within- or between-individuals).
description: Parasitism data for
 Tables 1 and 2Data on Plasmodium
 infection and plumage ornaments of common yellowthroats in Saukville, WI,
 2003-2014. These data were used in the analyses in Tables 1 and 2. See
 Methods for more details.Henschen parasitism data for
 Table 1 and 2_Dryad.csv