cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/hfqp-ve18
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Trout Lake, Yukon 14,400 Year Midge-Inferred July Temperature

description: Two cores from Trout Lake, northern Yukon, yielded quantitative estimates of summer air temperatures using fossil midge larvae. Warming began around 14,400 cal yr BP, with inferred mean July air temperatures reaching values warmer than present by 12,800 cal yr BP. A 1°C cooling from 12,200 to 11,200 cal yr BP closely corresponds with the Younger Dryas chronozone. A broad temperature maximum occurred between 10,800 and 9,800 cal yr BP, with mean July air temperature about 2.2 °C warmer than present. This represents an early Holocene thermal maximum and coincides with increased organic content of the sediment. Both the shallow- and deep-water cores show similar temperature trends for their overlapping periods. The inferred rise in mean July air temperature at 14,200 cal yr BP coincides with a shift in vegetation from an herb- to shrub-dominated landscape. In contrast, the increase in Alnus pollen at 6,400 cal yr BP does not coincide with a change in temperature, but may be a response to a rise in precipitation.
description: Fossil midge larval data and inferred mean July air temperature, 
plus pollen data and Loss-on-Ignition data from Trout Lake, 
northern Yukon covering the past 14,400 years.  

Trout Lake, Yukon: 68.828°N, 138.75°W, 150m elevation, ~9m water depth.
DOI: 10.25921/h9w9-j789
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sauchyn - Emerald Lake-Crowsnest Pass - PIFL - ITRDB CANA335

description: In western Canada growing demand for water resources has increased vulnerability to hydrological drought. The near full allocation of water supplies in the Oldman and Bow River subbasins of the South Saskatchewan River Basin has resulted in a moratorium on new surface water licenses. In this region, short instrumental records limit the detection of long-term hydrological variability. To extend the historical record, we collected 14 new moisture-sensitive tree ring chronologies and reconstructed the average October through September flow of the Oldman (1618-2004) and South Saskatchewan (SSR) (1400-2004) rivers. Our SSR proxy record updates a previously published reconstruction. While the 20th century is representative of drought frequency over the long term, droughts are of greater severity and duration in the preinstrumental proxy record. A spectral analysis of the reconstructed flows revealed quasiperiodic cycles at interannual to multidecadal scales.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/hpsq-7j97
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sauchyn - Swan Hills-Swan River - PIBN - ITRDB CANA349

description: Ring-width data from 138 sites in the Canadian Prairie Provinces and adjacent regions are used to estimate summer drought severity during the past several hundred years. The network was divided into five regional groups based on geography, tree species, and length of record: the eastern Rockies, northern Saskatchewan, central Manitoba, southern Manitoba, and northwestern Ontario. Regional tree-ring records are primarily related to summer moisture and drought conditions, and are less responsive to droughts caused by deficits in winter precipitation. These summer-sensitive data are not linearly related to major modes of climate variability, including ENSO and the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), which primarily affect the climate of western Canada during winter. Extended drought records inferred from tree rings indicate that drought on the Canadian Prairies has exhibited considerable spatial heterogeneity over the last several centuries. For northern Saskatchewan and northwestern Ontario, intervals of persistently low tree growth during the twentieth century were just as long as or longer than low-growth intervals in the eighteenth or nineteenth centuries. Longer records from southern Alberta suggest that the most intense dry spell in that area during the last 500 yr occurred during the 1720s. At the eastern side of the prairies, the longest dry event is centered around 1700 and may coincide with low lake stands in Manitoba, Minnesota, and North Dakota. Although the Canadian Prairies were dry at times during the 1500s, there is no regional analog to the sixteenth-century "megadroughts" that affected much of the western United States and northern Mexico.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/hhph-3562
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bunn - Electric Light Forest - PCMA - ITRDB CANA304

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/h2xf-ng49
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - South East Atlantic ODP1085 MIS 12-10 d13C Data

description: Variations in the strength of coastal upwelling in the South East Atlantic Ocean and summer monsoonal rains over South Africa are controlled by the regional atmospheric circulation regime. Although information about these parameters exists for the last glacial period, little detailed information exists for older time periods. New information from ODP Site 1085 for Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 12–10 shows that glacial–interglacial productivity trends linked to upwelling variability followed a pattern similar to the last glacial cycle, with maximums shortly before glacial maxima, and minimums shortly before glacial terminations. During the MIS-11/10 transition, several periodic oscillations in productivity and monsoonal proxies are best explained by southwards shifts in the southern sub-tropical high-pressure cells followed by abrupt northwards shifts. Comparison to coeval sea-surface temperature measurements suggests that these monsoonal cycles were tightly coupled to anti-phased hemispheric climate change, with an intensified summer monsoon during periods of Northern (Southern) Hemisphere cooling (warming). The timing of these events suggests a pacing by insolation over precession periods. A lack of similar regional circulation shifts during the MIS-13/12 transition is likely due to the large equatorwards shift in the tropical convection zone that occurred during this extreme glaciation.
description: Carbon and carbon isotope data from South East Atlantic 
for Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 12 through 10. 

The age model for Site-1085 was determined by correlation 
of the benthic delta18O data to the LR04 curve.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ht7hzc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Marsilea mutica",
 "Country is South Africa",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020851-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/hx0x-m820
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Western North America 500 Year Annual Temperature Reconstruction

description: The performance of climate field reconstruction (CFR) and index reconstruction methods is evaluated using proxy and non-informative predictor experiments. The skill of both reconstruction methods is determined using proxy data targeting the western region of North America. The results are compared to those targeting the same region, but derived from non-informative predictors comprising red-noise time series reflecting the full temporal autoregressive structure of the proxy network. All experiments are performed as probabilistic ensembles, providing estimated Monte Carlo distributions of reconstruction skill. Results demonstrate that the CFR skill distributions from proxy data are statistically distinct from and outperform the corresponding skill distributions generated from non-informative predictors; similar relative performance is demonstrated for the index reconstructions. In comparison to the CFR results using proxy information, the index reconstructions exhibit similar skill in calibration, but somewhat less skill in validation and a tendency to underestimate the amplitude of the validation period mean.
description: This article presents a tree ring-based reconstruction of western 
North America annual temperature over 1500-1980, with 5x5 degree 
grid cell coverage for the region bounded by 30°-55°N and 95°-130°W.  
A 1000-member probabilistic ensemble derived by bootstrap methods 
is employed for characterization  of uncertainty.  A key result 
based on the ensemble methodology is that the most recent decades 
are, at the level of the bi-decadal average, very likely the warmest 
across the region during the past 500 years.  The reconstruction 
is used in a side-by-side comparison with a parallel reconstruction 
driven by non-informative predictors that have the same temporal 
autoregressive structure as the tree ring data.  The proxy-based 
reconstruction clearly outperforms the non-informative predictor-based 
reconstruction across a suite of calibration and validation skill measures.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.eabyzs
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Polyplacophora)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-160 -90,-150 -90,-150 -80,-160 -80,-160 -90))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020855-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/ht70-sk78
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Little Swift Lake, Alaska 12KYr Multiproxy Sediment Data

description: Multiproxy data from Little Swift Lake, an alpine lake in southwestern Alaska, provide evidence for pronounced late glacial and Holocene environmental change. An alpine glacier upvalley of Little Swift Lake retreated following the Younger Dryas chronozone, as evidenced by sedimentological changes in the lake record. Glacier retreat was accompanied by local and regional vegetation changes, including the expansion of Betula and contraction of Cyperaceae, in response to climatic amelioration. Warm, moist conditions between ~9800 and 8000 cal yr B.P. supported abundant Betula shrubs and high lake and watershed productivity. Alnus rapidly expanded near Little Swift Lake while the region cooled between 8000 and 7500 cal yr B.P. Environmental changes at Little Swift Lake appear to have been roughly synchronous with similar changes elsewhere in southwestern Alaska, but late glacial and Holocene changes in other parts of Alaska were different in nature and timing. The complex spatial and temporal patterns of late glacial and Holocene environmental change throughout Alaska point to the importance of local and regional-scale factors, especially controls on moisture availability, as modulators of site-specific responses to hemispheric- and global-scale climate forcing.
description: Multiproxy sediment data covering the last 12,000 years from 
Little Swift Lake, southwest Alaska.  Data include major-element 
geochemistry, grain size measurements, loss on ignition, 
magnetic susceptibility, and pollen counts.  Core LS-A, 
a 575-cm-long sediment core, was recovered from Little Swift Lake 
in 14.7 m of water in summer 1998. 

The lake is 24 m deep and has 0.7 km2 surface area.
DOI: 10.25921/hepk-4g51
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Equatorial Pacific 800KYr Foraminiferal Amino Acid Racemization Data

description: The rate of isoleucine epimerization in fossil planktonic foraminifera is strongly species-dependent. Alloisoleucine/isoleucine ratios of two species of the same age can vary by more than a factor of 2. This finding, in combination with the known temporal and spatial variability of foraminiferal assemblages, demonstrates the critical importance of basing geochronological studies of marine sediments on monospecific samples. One rapidly epimerizing species generates a calibration curve of potentially high precision for dating sediments between the ages of about 50,000 to 400,000 years.
description: Amino acid racemization (epimerization) in foraminifera 
from western equatorial Pacific Ocean core V28-238.  
Concentration and D-alloisoleucine/L-isoleucine values 
from two taxa of foraminfera.
DOI: 10.25921/hamy-bb98
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Northwest Pacific ODP1208 Plio-Pleistocene Stable Isotope Data

description: From Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 1208 on Shatsky Rise below the Kuroshio Current Extension, we present the North Pacific's first orbital-scale benthic foraminiferal d18O and d13C time series to span the Pliocene-Pleistocene climate transition. Excellent agreement between the Site 1208 d18O record and the global d18O stack of Lisiecki and Raymo (2005) provides orbital-scale age control and confirms continuous stratigraphy from 3.7 to 1.8 Ma at the single-hole site. Cross-spectral analysis of the d18O and d13C time series reveals that these are coherent to 80% confidence at the 41-kyr obliquity band prior to 3.3 Ma (glacial isotope stage M2) and increase to the 95% level thereafter. Throughout, d18O cycles consistently lead d13 C cycles by ~ 3 kyr. This suggests that global-ocean d13C variations, as produced by terrestrial-marine 12C transfers, were responsive to obliquity-induced climate changes before the Northern Hemisphere glaciations (NHG) reached mid latitudes at 2.7 Ma. In contrast, 41-kyr carbonate sedimentation (as derived from sediment reflectance) cycles, maxima tightly coupled to (>95% confidence) and in phase with minima in the d18O record, do not emerge until 2.7 Ma. Foraminiferal fragmentation counts indicate that carbonate preservation is not the primary process behind enhanced carbonate deposition during interglacials. Thus, we surmise that hydrography-related changes in biogenic opal and carbonate production in surface water best explain glacial-interglacial carbonate cycles beginning with significant NHG. Firm establishment of orbital-scale age control on the stratigraphically complete Site 1208 section now provides a platform for high-resolution paleoceanographic reconstruction of the relatively understudied North Pacific.
description: Foraminiferal stable isotope (d18O and d13C) were measured 
via mass spectrometry at orbital-scale resolution (10-cm spacing, 
or ~2.5 kyr timestep) for the Pliocene-Pleistocene (1.760-3.700 Ma) 
section in tests of the epifaunal benthic foraminifer Planulina 
wuellerstorfi. Sample averages only are presented here. 
The age model is derived by tuning the d18O record to the global 
stack of Lisiecki and Raymo (2005).
DOI: 10.25921/hfc6-0v10
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Eocene-Oligocene Benthic Foraminifer B/Ca Calibration Data

description: We present modern B/Ca core-top calibrations for the epifaunal benthic foraminifer Nuttallides umbonifera and the infaunal Oridorsalis umbonatus to test whether B/Ca values in these species can be used for the reconstruction of paleo-Δ[CO32−]. O. umbonatus originated in the Late Cretaceous and remains extant, whereas N. umbonifera originated in the Eocene and is the closest extant relative to Nuttallides truempyi, which ranges from the Late Cretaceous through the Eocene. We measured B/Ca in both species in 35 Holocene sediment samples from the Atlantic, Pacific and Southern Oceans. B/Ca values in epifaunal N. umbonifera (~ 85–175 μmol/mol) are consistently lower than values reported for epifaunal Cibicidoides (Cibicides) wuellerstorfi (130–250 μmol/mol), though the sensitivity of Δ[CO32−] on B/Ca in N. umbonifera (1.23 ± 0.15) is similar to that in C. wuellerstorfi (1.14 ± 0.048). In addition, we show that B/Ca values of paired N. umbonifera and its extinct ancestor, N. truempyi, from Eocene cores are indistinguishable within error. In contrast, both the B/Ca (35–85 μmol/mol) and sensitivity to Δ[CO32−] (0.29 ± 0.20) of core-top O. umbonatus are considerably lower (as in other infaunal species), and this offset extends into the Paleocene. Thus the B/Ca of N. umbonifera and its ancestor can be used to reconstruct bottom water Δ[CO32−], whereas O. umbonatus B/Ca appears to be buffered by porewater [CO32−] and suited for constraining long-term drift in seawater B/Ca.
description: Boron/Calcium data for benthic foraminifera from the Eocene-Oligocene 
of Ocean Drilling Program Sites 689, 690 (Maud Rise), and Site 1262 
(Walvis Ridge).  Analyses were carried out by ICPMS. 

ODP Site 689:  64°31.020'S, 3°5.994' E, 2080m water depth 
ODP Site 690:  65° 9.629'S, 1°12.296'E, 2914m water depth 
ODP Site 1262: 27°11.160'S, 1°34.620'E, 4755m water depth
DOI: 10.25921/h07t-rx86
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Jacoby - Bulgan Gol - LASI - ITRDB MONG019

description: The Asian monsoon system affects more than half of humanity worldwide, yet the dynamical processes that govern its complex spatiotemporal variability are not sufficiently understood to model and predict its behavior, due in part to inadequate long-term climate observations. Here we present the Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), a seasonally resolved gridded spatial reconstruction of Asian monsoon drought and pluvials over the past millennium, derived from a network of tree-ring chronologies. MADA provides the spatiotemporal details of known historic monsoon failures and reveals the occurrence, severity, and fingerprint of previously unknown monsoon megadroughts and their close linkages to large-scale patterns of tropical Indo-Pacific sea surface temperatures. MADA thus provides a long-term context for recent monsoon variability that is critically needed for climate modeling, prediction, and attribution.
description: Purpose of Collection:  
# Climatology - precipitation analysis NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08. July 2024: Elevation added by WDS-Paleo using get_elev_point() from the elevatr R package with the AWS Terrain Tiles (aws) and WGS 84 reference frame.
DOI: 10.25921/h380-ht32
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia Drill Hole 50KYR Natural Gamma Radiation

description: Tropical South America is one of the three main centres of the global, zonal overturning circulation of the equatorial atmosphere (generally termed the 'Walker' circulation). Although this area plays a key role in global climate cycles, little is known about South American climate history. Here we describe sediment cores and down-hole logging results of deep drilling in the Salar de Uyuni, on the Bolivian Altiplano, located in the tropical Andes. We demonstrate that during the past 50,000 years the Altiplano underwent important changes in effective moisture at both orbital (20,000-year) and millennial timescales. Long-duration wet periods, such as the Last Glacial Maximum marked in the drill core by continuous deposition of lacustrine sediments appear to have occurred in phase with summer insolation maxima produced by the Earth's precessional cycle. Short-duration, millennial events correlate well with North Atlantic cold events, including Heinrich events 1 and 2, as well as the Younger Dryas episode. At both millennial and orbital timescales, cold sea surface temperatures in the high-latitude North Atlantic were coeval with wet conditions in tropical South America, suggesting a common forcing.
description: Natural gamma radiation (counts per second) from a drill hole 
in the Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia, salt flat, used as a proxy 
for Lake Level over the past 50,000 years.  Mud units contain 
abundant radiogenic K, U, and Th, whereas salt units are 
largely nonradioactive. 

Note:  Adjusted depths match gamma log data with the 
equivalent depths in the sediment core - see Fritz et al. 2004 
for additional information.
DOI: 10.25921/hmfc-8072
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lloyd - Nenana Bluff - PCGL - ITRDB AK124

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Third letter (B, F, or U) of the site code represents 
# the topographic position on these steep river bluffs: 
# B=trees towards the base of the bluff, F=trees out on 
# the face of the bluff, and U=trees on the upper bluff.  NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/hsz8-z547
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Southern Chinese Loess Plateau 140,000 Year Loess Optical Data

description: The Earth's climate is influenced by the manner in which solar radiation is absorbed and reflected in the atmosphere. In the study, the approach evaluating the radiative forcing of aerosol was used to analyze the climatic effect of dust over the last 140,000 years in the southern Chinese loess plateau. (1) Radiative effect of dust aerosol was to reduce the solar radiation arriving at the surface and thus to lead earth cooling. However, the grain size-driven climatic feedback of dust aerosol was negative on short term scale, i.e., to weaken the amplitude of climate fluctuation. (2) Glacial-interglacial fluctuation was marked in most optical properties of dust over the last 140,000 years. High-frequent millennial scale fluctuations corresponding to Younger Dryas, Heinrich events and D-O cycles dominated most optical properties of dust aerosol. (3) The climatic feedback of dust aerosol may be a contributor for the climatic transition between glacial and interglacial periods.
description: Optical properties data and calculated radiative and temperature 
effects of loess aerosols over the past 140,000 years.  
Data collected at Yangge, Weinan, Shanxi in the southern 
Chinese Loess Plateau.  The 12.0m section was sampled at 
intervals of 2cm for the upper 2.0m, and 5cm for the lower 10m.
DOI: 10.25921/hd1v-vy45
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Alla - Pico del Águila - QUFG - ITRDB SPAI064

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.