cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25343666.v1
title: Genomic characters of <i>Anaplasma bovis</i> and genetic diversity in China

description: The emergence of <i>Anaplasma bovis</i> or <i>A. bovis</i>-like infection in humans from China and the United States of America has raised concern about the public health importance of this pathogen. Although <i>A. bovis</i> has been detected in a wide range of ticks and mammals in the world, no genome of the pathogen is available up to now, which has prohibited us from better understanding the genetic basis for its pathogenicity. Here we describe an <i>A. bovis</i> genome from metagenomic sequencing of an infected goat in China. <i>Anaplasma bovis</i> had the smallest genome of the genus <i>Anaplasma</i>, and relatively lower GC content. Phylogenetic analysis of single-copy orthologue sequence showed that <i>A. bovis</i> was closely related to <i>A. platys</i> and <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, but relatively far from intraerythrocytic <i>Anaplasma</i> species. <i>Anaplasma bovis</i> had 116 unique orthogroups and lacked 51 orthogroups in comparison to other <i>Anaplasma</i> species. The virulence factors of <i>A. bovis</i> were significantly less than those of <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>, suggesting less pathogenicity of <i>A. bovis</i>. When tested by specific PCR assays, <i>A. bovis</i> was detected in 23 of 29 goats, with an infection rate up to 79.3% (95% CI: 64.6% ∼94.1%). The phylogenetic analyses based on partial 16S rRNA, <i>gltA</i> and <i>groEL</i> genes indicated that <i>A. bovis</i> had high genetic diversity. The findings of this study lay a foundation for further understanding of the biological characteristics and genetic diversity of <i>A. bovis</i>, and will facilitate the formulation of prevention and control strategies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26325943
title: The T120P or M172V mutation on <i>rv2172c</i> confers high level <i>para</i>-aminosalicylic acid resistance in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

description: Although <i>para</i>-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) has been used to treat tuberculosis for decades, mechanisms of resistance to this drug in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>M. tuberculosis</i>) clinical isolates have not been thoroughly investigated. Previously, we found that decreased methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activity of Rv2172c led to increased sensitivity to antifolates in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. In this study, we collected the genome-sequencing data of 173 PAS-resistant and 803 PAS-sensitive clinical isolates and analyzed <i>rv2172c</i> mutations in those 976 isolates. The results showed that two mutations (T120P and M172V) on <i>rv2172c</i> could be identified in a certain proportion (6.36%) of PAS-resistant isolates. The results of AlphaFold2 prediction indicated that the T120P or M172V mutation might affect the enzymatic activity of Rv2172c by influencing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) binding, and this was verified by subsequent biochemical analysis, demonstrating the role of residues Thr120 and Met172 on NADH binding and enzymatic activity of Rv2172c. In addition, the effect of <i>rv2172c</i> T120P or M172V mutation on methionine production and PAS resistance was determined in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. The results showed that both T120P and M172V mutations caused increased intracellular methionine concentrations and high level PAS resistance. In summary, we discovered new molecular markers and also a novel mechanism of PAS resistance in <i>M. tuberculosis</i> clinical isolates and broadened the understanding of the NADH-dependent MTHFR catalytic mechanism of Rv2172c in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>, which will facilitate the molecular diagnosis of PAS resistance and also the development of new drugs targeting Rv2172c.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26325943.v1
title: The T120P or M172V mutation on <i>rv2172c</i> confers high level <i>para</i>-aminosalicylic acid resistance in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

description: Although <i>para</i>-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) has been used to treat tuberculosis for decades, mechanisms of resistance to this drug in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>M. tuberculosis</i>) clinical isolates have not been thoroughly investigated. Previously, we found that decreased methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) activity of Rv2172c led to increased sensitivity to antifolates in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. In this study, we collected the genome-sequencing data of 173 PAS-resistant and 803 PAS-sensitive clinical isolates and analyzed <i>rv2172c</i> mutations in those 976 isolates. The results showed that two mutations (T120P and M172V) on <i>rv2172c</i> could be identified in a certain proportion (6.36%) of PAS-resistant isolates. The results of AlphaFold2 prediction indicated that the T120P or M172V mutation might affect the enzymatic activity of Rv2172c by influencing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) binding, and this was verified by subsequent biochemical analysis, demonstrating the role of residues Thr120 and Met172 on NADH binding and enzymatic activity of Rv2172c. In addition, the effect of <i>rv2172c</i> T120P or M172V mutation on methionine production and PAS resistance was determined in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>. The results showed that both T120P and M172V mutations caused increased intracellular methionine concentrations and high level PAS resistance. In summary, we discovered new molecular markers and also a novel mechanism of PAS resistance in <i>M. tuberculosis</i> clinical isolates and broadened the understanding of the NADH-dependent MTHFR catalytic mechanism of Rv2172c in <i>M. tuberculosis</i>, which will facilitate the molecular diagnosis of PAS resistance and also the development of new drugs targeting Rv2172c.
DOI: 10.25549/webster-c100-38428
title: Inter-Agency Team Final Report, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, 1992

description: Inter-Agency Team Final Report, Appendix: Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Miscellaneous materials collected by the Inter-Agency team regarding the role of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department in the response to the 1992 riots, 1992. PART OF SERIES: In addition to analyzing the 1992 riots as a whole, the Webster Commission also divided into several smaller task forces and study groups, each of which addressed one specific aspect of the civil disturbance. The series consists of reports and appendices produced by five of these groups: the Chronology Team, the Public Officials and Community Team, the LAPD Team, the Comparisons Study Group, and the Inter-Agency Team. Also included are two copies of Webster Scope, a report that interprets the riots and their cumulative effects primarily through graphs, charts, statistics, and figures, and several research memoranda that discuss the legality of several riot-response tactics. PART OF SUBSERIES: Materials related to a final report issued by the Webster Commission's Inter-Agency Team. which evaluated the collaboration between the LAPD and other law enforcement agencies in the advent of the 1992 riots. Included is a copy of the final report and the report's appendices, which are comprised of interviews, memoranda, statistical analyses, handbooks, and other miscellaneous documents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26870672
title: Transmission of tuberculosis in rural Henan, China: a prospective population-based genomic spatial epidemiological study

description: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has declined more slowly in rural than urban areas in China, and data on the patterns of transmission and the high-risk populations in rural areas remains scarce. We conducted a population-based study of culture-positive pulmonary TB patients diagnosed in rural Linzhou City, Henan Province from July 2018 to February 2023. Genomic clusters were defined based on whole-genome sequencing and risk factors for clustering were identified by logistic regression. Transmission events were inferred with phybreak and transmission links were sought through epidemiological investigation of clustered patients. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between genomic differences of patient isolates and geographical distances of patient residences. Spatial hotspots were defined using kernel density estimation. Of 455 culture-positive patients, 430 were included in the final analysis. Overall, 192 (44.7%,192/430) patients were grouped into 49 clusters. Clusters containing ≥5 patients accounted for 18.4% (9/49) of the clusters and clustering was highest in student patients. No super-spreaders were detected. Confirmed epidemiologic links were identified for only 18.2% of clustered patients. The clustering risk decreased rapidly with increasing distances between patient residences, but 77.6% of clustered patient pairs lived ≥5.0 km apart. Both the Central Subdistrict and Rencun Township were identified as hotspots for TB transmission. Recent transmission appears to be an important driver of the TB burden in Linzhou. The formulation of effective strategies to reduce TB incidence in rural areas will require further studies to identify high-risk populations and venues where local inhabitants congregate and transmit the infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26870672.v1
title: Transmission of Tuberculosis in Rural Henan, China: A Prospective Population-based Genomic Spatial Epidemiological Study

description: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has declined more slowly in rural than urban areas in China, and data on the patterns of transmission and the high-risk populations in rural areas remains scarce. We conducted a population-based study of culture-positive pulmonary TB patients diagnosed in rural Linzhou City, Henan Province, from July 2018 to February 2023. Genomic clusters were defined based on whole-genome sequencing and risk factors for clustering were identified by logistic regression. Transmission events were inferred with phybreak and transmission links were sought through epidemiological investigation of clustered patients. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between genomic differences of patient isolates and geographical distances of patient residences. Spatial hotspots were defined using kernel density estimation. Of 455 culture-positive patients, 430 were included in the final analysis. Overall, 192 (44.7%,192/430) patients were grouped into 49 clusters. Clusters containing ≥5 patients accounted for 18.4% (9/49) of the clusters and clustering was highest in student patients. No super-spreaders were detected. Confirmed epidemiologic links were identified for only 18.2% of clustered patients. The clustering risk decreased rapidly with increasing distances between patient residences, but 77.6% of clustered patient pairs lived ≥5.0 km apart. Both the Central Subdistrict and Rencun Township were identified as hotspots for TB transmission. Recent transmission appears to be an important driver of the TB burden in Linzhou. The formulation of effective strategies to reduce TB incidence in rural areas will require further studies to identify high-risk populations and venues where local inhabitants congregate and transmit the infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26870672.v2
title: Transmission of tuberculosis in rural Henan, China: a prospective population-based genomic spatial epidemiological study

description: The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) has declined more slowly in rural than urban areas in China, and data on the patterns of transmission and the high-risk populations in rural areas remains scarce. We conducted a population-based study of culture-positive pulmonary TB patients diagnosed in rural Linzhou City, Henan Province from July 2018 to February 2023. Genomic clusters were defined based on whole-genome sequencing and risk factors for clustering were identified by logistic regression. Transmission events were inferred with phybreak and transmission links were sought through epidemiological investigation of clustered patients. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between genomic differences of patient isolates and geographical distances of patient residences. Spatial hotspots were defined using kernel density estimation. Of 455 culture-positive patients, 430 were included in the final analysis. Overall, 192 (44.7%,192/430) patients were grouped into 49 clusters. Clusters containing ≥5 patients accounted for 18.4% (9/49) of the clusters and clustering was highest in student patients. No super-spreaders were detected. Confirmed epidemiologic links were identified for only 18.2% of clustered patients. The clustering risk decreased rapidly with increasing distances between patient residences, but 77.6% of clustered patient pairs lived ≥5.0 km apart. Both the Central Subdistrict and Rencun Township were identified as hotspots for TB transmission. Recent transmission appears to be an important driver of the TB burden in Linzhou. The formulation of effective strategies to reduce TB incidence in rural areas will require further studies to identify high-risk populations and venues where local inhabitants congregate and transmit the infection.
DOI: 10.25549/webster-c100-76738
title: After-action reporting for April/May riots, 1992

description: After-action reporting for April/May riots, Operations - Bureau of Special Investigation, 1992. PART OF SERIES: Included in the series are internal documents produced by the LAPD, which aided the Webster Commission in its assessment of the Department's operations. Materials include copies of the Watch Commander's Daily Reports between October, 1991 and May, 1992; critiques and after-action reports on the riots issued by each LAPD bureau; and correspondence regarding personnel and budget matters, crime statistics, and several Department-initiated programs. Also included are several documents, including schedules, press releases, and memoranda, that were issued by the office of Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley regarding the verdicts in the Rodney King case.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26030581
title: First molecular evidence of hepatitis E virus in farmed raccoon dogs

description: First molecular evidence of hepatitis E virus in farmed raccoon dogs
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26030581.v1
title: First molecular evidence of hepatitis E virus in farmed raccoon dogs

description: First molecular evidence of hepatitis E virus in farmed raccoon dogs
DOI: 10.25549/webster-c100-77294
title: After-action reporting for April/May riots, 1992-06-24

description: After-action reporting for April/May riots, Operations - Valley Bureau, 1992 June 24. PART OF SERIES: Included in the series are internal documents produced by the LAPD, which aided the Webster Commission in its assessment of the Department's operations. Materials include copies of the Watch Commander's Daily Reports between October, 1991 and May, 1992; critiques and after-action reports on the riots issued by each LAPD bureau; and correspondence regarding personnel and budget matters, crime statistics, and several Department-initiated programs. Also included are several documents, including schedules, press releases, and memoranda, that were issued by the office of Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley regarding the verdicts in the Rodney King case.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25202972
title: Risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits for sporadic listeriosis: a case–control study in China from 2013 to 2022

description: The prevalence of listeriosis in China has been increasing in recent years. Listeriosis primarily spreads through contaminated food. However, the resilient causative organism, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, and its extended incubation period pose challenges in identifying risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits for listeriosis in China. A matched case–control study (1:1 ratio) was conducted, which enrolled all eligible cases of listeriosis between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2022 in China. Basic information and possible risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits were collected. Overall, 359 patients were enrolled, including 208 perinatal and 151 non-perinatal cases. Univariate and multivariable logistic analyzes were performed for the perinatal group. For the perinatal and non-perinatal groups, ice cream and Chinese cold dishes were the high-risk foods for listeriosis (odds ratio (OR) 2.09 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–3.55; OR 3.17 95% CI: 1.29–7.81), respectively; consumption of leftovers and pet ownership were the high-risk food-handling habits (OR 1.92 95% CI: 1.03–3.59; OR 3.00 95% CI: 1.11–8.11), respectively. In both groups, separation of raw and cooked foods was a protective factor (OR 0.27 95% CI: 0.14–0.51; OR 0.35 95% CI: 0.14–0.89), while refrigerator cleaning reduced the infection risk by 64.94–70.41% only in the perinatal group. The identification of high-risk foods and food-handling habits for listeriosis is important for improving food safety guidelines for vulnerable populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25202972.v1
title: Risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits for sporadic listeriosis: a case–control study in China from 2013 to 2022

description: The prevalence of listeriosis in China has been increasing in recent years. Listeriosis primarily spreads through contaminated food. However, the resilient causative organism, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, and its extended incubation period pose challenges in identifying risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits for listeriosis in China. A matched case–control study (1:1 ratio) was conducted, which enrolled all eligible cases of listeriosis between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2022 in China. Basic information and possible risk factors associated with food consumption and food-handling habits were collected. Overall, 359 patients were enrolled, including 208 perinatal and 151 non-perinatal cases. Univariate and multivariable logistic analyzes were performed for the perinatal group. For the perinatal and non-perinatal groups, ice cream and Chinese cold dishes were the high-risk foods for listeriosis (odds ratio (OR) 2.09 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23–3.55; OR 3.17 95% CI: 1.29–7.81), respectively; consumption of leftovers and pet ownership were the high-risk food-handling habits (OR 1.92 95% CI: 1.03–3.59; OR 3.00 95% CI: 1.11–8.11), respectively. In both groups, separation of raw and cooked foods was a protective factor (OR 0.27 95% CI: 0.14–0.51; OR 0.35 95% CI: 0.14–0.89), while refrigerator cleaning reduced the infection risk by 64.94–70.41% only in the perinatal group. The identification of high-risk foods and food-handling habits for listeriosis is important for improving food safety guidelines for vulnerable populations.
DOI: 10.25549/webster-c100-44288
title: Manual of the Los Angeles Police Department, 1992

description: The Los Angeles Police Department's departmental manual, 1992. PART OF SERIES: The series includes materials related to the performance of the LAPD prior to and during the 1992 Los Angeles riots. Included are reports and documents pertaining to the department's tactical planning measures for unusual occurrences and emergencies; riot-related statistics and figures; and arrest logs, incident logs, and activities reports maintained during the riots.
DOI: 10.25549/webster-c100-76682
title: After-action reporting for April/May riots, 1992

description: After-action reporting for April/May riots, Operations - Bureau of Special Investigation, 1992. PART OF SERIES: Included in the series are internal documents produced by the LAPD, which aided the Webster Commission in its assessment of the Department's operations. Materials include copies of the Watch Commander's Daily Reports between October, 1991 and May, 1992; critiques and after-action reports on the riots issued by each LAPD bureau; and correspondence regarding personnel and budget matters, crime statistics, and several Department-initiated programs. Also included are several documents, including schedules, press releases, and memoranda, that were issued by the office of Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley regarding the verdicts in the Rodney King case.
DOI: 10.25549/webster-c100-38208
title: Inter-Agency Team Final Report, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, 1992

description: Inter-Agency Team Final Report, Appendix: Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Miscellaneous materials collected by the Inter-Agency team regarding the role of the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department in the response to the 1992 riots, 1992. PART OF SERIES: In addition to analyzing the 1992 riots as a whole, the Webster Commission also divided into several smaller task forces and study groups, each of which addressed one specific aspect of the civil disturbance. The series consists of reports and appendices produced by five of these groups: the Chronology Team, the Public Officials and Community Team, the LAPD Team, the Comparisons Study Group, and the Inter-Agency Team. Also included are two copies of Webster Scope, a report that interprets the riots and their cumulative effects primarily through graphs, charts, statistics, and figures, and several research memoranda that discuss the legality of several riot-response tactics. PART OF SUBSERIES: Materials related to a final report issued by the Webster Commission's Inter-Agency Team. which evaluated the collaboration between the LAPD and other law enforcement agencies in the advent of the 1992 riots. Included is a copy of the final report and the report's appendices, which are comprised of interviews, memoranda, statistical analyses, handbooks, and other miscellaneous documents.
DOI: 10.25549/webster-c100-77467
title: After-action reporting for April/May riots, 1992-07-15

description: After-action reporting for April/May riots by Operations, Operations - South Bureau, 1992 July 15. PART OF SERIES: Included in the series are internal documents produced by the LAPD, which aided the Webster Commission in its assessment of the Department's operations. Materials include copies of the Watch Commander's Daily Reports between October, 1991 and May, 1992; critiques and after-action reports on the riots issued by each LAPD bureau; and correspondence regarding personnel and budget matters, crime statistics, and several Department-initiated programs. Also included are several documents, including schedules, press releases, and memoranda, that were issued by the office of Los Angeles Mayor Tom Bradley regarding the verdicts in the Rodney King case.