cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4f4qrfjdg
title: Numerical discrimination of sets of elements by Archerfish

description: Debates have arisen as to whether non-human animals actually can learn
 abstract non-symbolic numerousness or whether they always rely on some
 continuous physical aspect of the stimuli, covarying with number. Here we
 investigated archerfish (Toxotes jaculatrix) non-symbolic numerical
 discrimination with accurate control for co-varying continuous physical
 stimulus attributes. Archerfish were trained to select one of two groups
 of black dots (Exp. 1: 3 vs. 6 elements; Exp. 2: 2 vs. 3 elements); these
 were controlled for several combinations of physical variables (elements’
 size, overall area, overall perimeter, density and sparsity), ensuring
 that only numerical information was available. Generalization tests with
 novel numerical comparisons (2 vs. 3, 5 vs. 8 and 6 vs. 9 in Exp. 1; 3 vs.
 4, 3 vs. 6 in Exp. 2) revealed choice for the largest or smallest
 numerical group according to the relative number that was rewarded at
 training. None of the continuous physical variables, including spatial
 frequency, were affecting archerfish performance. Results provide evidence
 that archerfish spontaneously use abstract relative numerical information
 for both small and large numbers when only numerical cues are available.
DOI: 10.57760/sciencedb.agriculture.00278
title: Statistical data set of wholesale price fluctuation in tomato market based on HP filtering method from 2012 to 2018
title: 2012–2018年基于HP滤波法的西红柿批发价格波动统计数据集

description: This data set contains ( 1 ) 6 EXCEL files, which are 4200 monthly price time series and 18200 weekly price time series data of 25 provinces in the six major geographical divisions of China from 2012 to 2018, including date, weekly average price, monthly average price, weekly average volatility and monthly average volatility. ( 2 ) 25 monthly price trend cycle sequence decomposition maps and 75 price fluctuation change maps, including weekly average price historical trajectory, monthly average price historical trajectory and monthly price volatility.
description: This data set contains ( 1 ) 6 EXCEL files, which are 4200 monthly price time series and 18200 weekly price time series data of 25 provinces in the six major geographical divisions of China from 2012 to 2018, including date, weekly average price, monthly average price, weekly average volatility and monthly average volatility. ( 2 ) 25 monthly price trend cycle sequence decomposition maps and 75 price fluctuation change maps, including weekly average price historical trajectory, monthly average price historical trajectory and monthly price volatility.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m905qfv2p
title: Portfolio effect and asynchrony as drivers of stability in plant-pollinator communities along a gradient of landscape heterogeneity

description: Understanding how pollination services can be maintained in increasingly
 anthropogenic landscapes is a current challenge for basic and applied
 ecology. The stability of plant-pollinator communities might increase in
 heterogeneous landscapes with a high diversity of species and alternative
 habitats, both through increased portfolio effect (property of communities
 to fluctuate less than the sum of its counterparts) and decreased
 synchrony (coincident changes in species abundance). However, how these
 drivers of stability (portfolio effect and synchrony) vary along land-use
 gradients remains largely unknown. Using independent samplings for plants,
 pollinators, and their interactions in Mediterranean communities along a
 gradient of landscape heterogeneity, we assessed the relationships between
 within-year stability and its drivers; and between the drivers of
 stability, landscape heterogeneity, and species diversity. Besides, we
 evaluated the relationships between the drivers of interaction stability
 and the structure of mutualistic networks (modularity, nestedness,
 connectance). Stability increased with larger portfolio effects and
 asynchronies. Interaction stability was positively related to pollinator
 stability, but not to plant stability. Landscape evenness increased the
 stability of plants, pollinators, and their interactions, through
 increased portfolio effects. However, for plants and pollinators, the
 landscape effect was detected at a smaller scale (1-km) than for
 interactions (2-km); and for pollinators and interactions, the effect was
 only evident from medium-to-high levels of landscape evenness. Temporal
 synchrony of species/pairwise interactions was an important driver of
 stability, tightly linked to species/interaction diversity. More
 asynchronous communities showed a larger portfolio effect and were also
 those with higher species evenness for all plants, pollinators, and their
 interactions; while synchrony was also weakly positively related to
 species richness for plants. Interestingly, more modular network
 structures conferred enhanced overall community stability, through higher
 portfolio effect and asynchrony. Preserving diverse communities within the
 heterogeneous Mediterranean landscapes helps maintain the stability of
 pollination services, both through increased asynchrony and portfolio
 effect.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ghx3ffbqn
title: Spectra induce polarization data of bacteria in soil

description: Real-time monitoring of microbial activity in porous media is still facing
 critical challenges because conventional analytical procedures are
 intrusive. Induced polarization (IP) has shown promises as a non-intrusive
 monitoring approach of such process. However, there is still a lack of
 quantitative analysis of soil column experiments to show how IP-based
 parameters can be related to the density of bacteria. The
 evolution of bacteria density and induced polarization is here performed
 in a soil-packed column experiment using Pseudomonas Aeruginosa O1 (PAO1).
 A quantitative relationship between the quadrature conductivity and the
 bacteria density is established and then used to assess bacteria growth
 and decay and infer the Monod kinetic parameters. The Monod kinetic
 parameters inferred from the column experiments mimicking field conditions
 are different from those obtained from a batch experiment.
description: The spectra data were collected by the portable spectra induced
 polarization device, and then converted to in-phase and quadrature
 conductivity by using equation.
description: README.csv file contains the information for ecah of the
 following datasheets. spectra_data.csv file contains
 data of bacteria growth and decay process monitored by induced
 polarization.
 quadrature_conductivity_and_bacteria_density.csv file contains
 the bacteria density during the process of bacteria growth and decay, and
 at the same time, the change of quadrature conductivity.
 bacteria_growth_curve_data.csv file contains the data of bacteria
 growth and decay in the batch experiment.
 growth_fitting_data.csv file contains the data used to fitting
 the Monod kinetic parameters of bacteria growth process.
 decay_fitting_data.csv file contains the data used to fitting the
 Monod kinetic parameters of bacteria decay process.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwpv
title: Natural variation further increases resilience of sorghum bred for chronically drought-prone environments

description: Moisture stress is one of the major constraints for crop production in
 African Sahel. Here, we explore the potential to use natural genetic
 variation to build on the inherent drought tolerance of an elite sorghum
 cultivar (Teshale) bred for Ethiopian conditions including chronic
 drought, evaluating a backcross nested-association mapping population
 using 12 diverse founder lines crossed with Teshale under three
 drought-prone environments in Ethiopia. All twelve populations averaged
 higher head exsertion and lower leaf senescence than the recurrent parent
 in the two highest-stress environments, reflecting new drought resilience
 mechanisms from the donors. 154 QTLs were detected for eight drought
 responsive traits – the validity of these were supported in that 113
 (73.4%) overlapped with QTLs previously detected for the same traits,
 concentrated in regions previously associated with ‘stay-green’ traits.
 Allele effects show that some favorable alleles are already present in the
 Ethiopian cultivar, however the exotic donors offer rich scope for
 increasing drought resilience. Using model-selected SNPs associated with
 eight traits in this study and three in a companion study, phenotypic
 prediction accuracies for grain yield were equivalent to genome-wide SNPs
 and were significantly better than random SNPs, indicating that these
 studied traits are predictive of sorghum grain yield.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d51c5b057
title: Inelastic scattering of electrons in water from first principles: Cross sections and inelastic mean free path for use in Monte Carlo track-structure simulations of biological damage

description: Modeling the inelastic scattering of electrons in water is fundamental,
 given their crucial role in biological damage. In Monte Carlo
 track-structure (MC-TS) codes used to assess biological damage, the energy
 loss function (ELF), from which cross sections are extracted, is derived
 from different semi-empirical optical models. Only recently have first ab
 initio results for the ELF and cross sections in water become available.
 For benchmarking purposes, in this work, we present ab initio
 linear-response time-dependent density functional theory calculations of
 the ELF of liquid water. We calculated the inelastic scattering cross
 sections, inelastic mean free paths, and electronic stopping power and
 compared our results with recent calculations and experimental data
 showing a good agreement. In addition, we provide an in-depth analysis of
 the contributions of different molecular orbitals, species, and orbital
 angular momenta to the total ELF. Moreover, we present single-differential
 cross sections computed for each molecular orbital channel, which should
 prove useful for MC-TS simulations.
description: Methodology and numerical details of the calculations are
 described in the article.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3bk3j9km8
title: Increasing morphological disparity and decreasing optimality for jaw speed and strength during the radiation of jawed vertebrates

description: The Siluro-Devonian adaptive radiation of jawed vertebrates, which
 underpins almost all living vertebrate biodiversity, is characterised by
 the evolutionary innovation of the lower jaw. Multiple lines of evidence
 have suggested that the jaw evolved from a rostral gill arch, but when the
 jaw took on a feeding function remains unclear. We quantified the variety
 of form in the earliest jaws in the fossil record and , from which we
 generated a range of theoretical morphospacelogies within this
 morphological range, which that we then tested for their functional
 optimality. By drawing comparisons with the real jaw data and
 reconstructed ancestral forms, our results show that the earliest jaw
 shapes were optimised for fast closure and stress resistance, inferring a
 feeding rather than solely ventilation function. Jaw shapes then became
 less optimal for these functions during the later radiation of jawed
 vertebrates. Thus, the evolution of jaw morphology has continually
 explored new morphospace and accumulated disparity through time, laying
 the foundation for diverse feeding strategies and the success of jawed
 vertebrates.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mgqnk991h
title: Genomic selection signatures in farmed Colossoma macropomum from tropical and subtropical regions in South America

description: Tambaqui or cachama (Colossoma macropomum) is one of the most important
 neotropical freshwater fish used for aquaculture in South America, and its
 production is concentrated at low latitudes (close to the Equator, 0°),
 where the water temperature is warm. Therefore, understanding how
 selection shapes genetic variations and structure in farmed populations is
 of paramount importance in evolutionary biology. High-throughput
 sequencing to generate genome-wide data for fish species allows for
 elucidating the genomic basis of adaptation to local or farmed conditions
 and uncovering genes that control the phenotypes of interest. The present
 study aimed to detect genomic selection signatures and analyze the genetic
 variability in farmed populations of tambaqui in South America using
 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers obtained with double-digest
 restriction site-associated DNA sequencing. Initially, 199 samples of
 tambaqui farmed populations from different locations (located in Brazil,
 Colombia, and Peru), a wild population (Amazon River, Brazil), and the
 base population of a breeding program (Aquaculture Center, CAUNESP,
 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil) were genotyped. Observed and expected
 heterozygosity was 0.231–0.350 and 0.288–0.360, respectively. Significant
 genetic differentiation was observed using global FST analyses of SNP loci
 (FST = 0.064, p &lt; 0.050). Farmed populations from Colombia and Peru
 that differentiated from the Brazilian populations formed distinct groups.
 Several regions, particularly those harboring the genes of significance to
 aquaculture, were identified to be under positive selection, suggesting
 local adaptation to stress under different farming conditions and
 management practices. Studies aimed at improving the knowledge of genomics
 of tambaqui farmed populations are essential for aquaculture to gain
 deeper insights into the evolutionary history of these fish and provide
 resources for the establishment of breeding programs.
DOI: 10.25349/d94w48
title: Data from: Context-dependent effects of shifting large herbivore assemblages on plant structure and diversity

description: Despite wide recognition of the importance of anthropogenically driven
 changes in large herbivore communities – including both declines in
 wildlife and increases in livestock – there remain large gaps in our
 knowledge about the impacts of these changes on plant communities,
 particularly when combined with concurrent changes in climate. Considering
 these prominent forms of global change in tandem enables us to better
 understand controls on savanna vegetation structure and diversity under
 real-world conditions.We conducted a field experiment using complete and
 semi-permeable herbivore exclosures to explore the difference in plant
 communities among sites with wild herbivores only, with cattle in addition
 to wild herbivores, and with no large herbivores. To understand variation
 in effects across climatic contexts, the experiment was replicated at
 three locations along a topoclimate gradient in California. Critically,
 this is the first such experiment to compare cattle and wildlife impacts
 along an environmental gradient within a single controlled
 experiment.Vegetation structure responded strongly to herbivore treatment
 regardless of climate. Relative to the isolated effects of wildlife,
 exclusion of all large herbivores generally increased structural
 components related to cover and aboveground biomass, while the addition of
 cattle led to reductions in vegetation cover, litter, shading, and
 standing biomass. Furthermore, wildlife had a consistent neutral or
 positive effect on plant diversity, while the effect of livestock addition
 was context-dependent. Cattle had a neutral to strongly negative effect at
 low aridity, but a strong positive effect at high aridity. These results
 suggest that 1) herbivore effects can override climate effects on
 vegetation structure, 2) cattle addition can drive different effects on
 diversity 3) herbivore effects on diversity are modulated by
 climate.Synthesis. Our results illustrate very distinctive shifts in plant
 communities between two realistic forms of changes in ungulate herbivore
 assemblages—livestock addition and isolated large herbivore
 losses—particularly for plant diversity responses, and also that these
 responses vary across climatic contexts. This finding has important
 implications for the management and protection of plant biodiversity given
 that over a quarter of the Earth’s land area is managed for livestock and
 climate regimes are changing globally.
description: Methods are described in detail in
 Orr et al., Context-dependent effects of shifting large herbivore
 assemblages on plant structure and diversity.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c2fqz619n
title: Climatic drivers and ecological impacts of a rapid range expansion by non-native smallmouth bass

description: Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) are a globally introduced fish
 species that have experienced widespread range expansions in recent
 decades and which can have deleterious effects on native fish communities.
 Rapidly assessing their expansions will aid conservation and management
 actions geared towards controlling their spread and mitigating their
 impacts. Smallmouth bass have recently experienced a rapid upstream
 expansion in a Great Plains river (Laramie River, Wyoming, USA), which
 provided an opportunity to evaluate the drivers and impacts of this
 expansion by using a modified before-after, control-impact (BACI) design.
 Our objectives were to test whether climatic drivers (temperature,
 precipitation, flow) were related to this range expansion and subsequent
 effects of the expansion on native fish communities. Smallmouth bass
 population size in Grayrocks Reservoir increased following a climatically
 extreme wet year, with statistically extreme amounts of spring-time and
 June precipitation creating high discharge events that coincided with the
 upstream expansion. Unlike previous studies highlighting the invasive
 nature of smallmouth bass, the modified BACI analysis revealed no declines
 in species richness induced by the expansion. However, there was evidence
 that native small-bodied minnow species (family Leuciscidae) declined in
 relative abundance and that community-level and species-level trophic
 niches were compressed for invaded sites. Our findings provide important
 insight into how climatic extremes can prompt biological invasions that
 can alter community composition and food web structure even if local
 extirpations do not occur.
description: <strong>Description of the databases used in this
 publication (word)</strong> Metadata describing
 the structure of the excel databases used for the three objectives of this
 publication <strong>Objective 1: Climate and
 environment database</strong> Data for the
 analyses of objective 1 evaluating the drivers of the smallmouth bass
 range expansion <strong>Objective 2: Community
 database</strong> Data for the analyses of
 objective 2 evaluating whether the smallmouth bass expansion induced
 structural changes to fish communities
 <strong>Objective 3: Isotopic niche
 data</strong> Date for the analyses of objective
 3 evaluating whether smallmouth bass have induced trophic changes to fish
 communities
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k8pw29
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 208 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Specimen)",
 "Geometry POLYGON((105 20,170 20,170 70,105 70,105 20))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Stellaria calycantha"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 208 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003021-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.73n5tb2zc
title: Data from: Ultra-wideband and polarization-independent RCS reduction based on polarization conversion metasurface

description: We proposed an ultra-wideband polarization conversion metasurface (PCM).
 Because it is an anisotropic structure with a pair of mutually
 perpendicular symmetric axes u and v, and the phase difference between the
 reflection coefficients under u- and v-polarized incidences is close to
 180° in an ultra-wide frequency range from 9.5 to 29.5 GHz, it can realize
 ultra-wideband circular polarization (CP) maintaining reflection and make
 its co-polarized reflection coefficient under CP incidence close to 1.0 in
 the ultra-wide band 9.2-29.7 GHz. In addition, when its unit cell
 structure is rotated by an angle ψ, almost ±2ψ Pancharatnam-Berry (PB)
 phase will be generated in co-polarized reflection coefficient under CP
 incidence. Thus, based on the proposed PCM, an ultra-wideband
 Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) 2-dit coding metasurface is conveniently proposed.
 The simulation and experimental results show that the coding metasurface
 can achieve more than 10 dB radar cross section (RCS) reduction in the
 ultra-wide frequency band 8.7-29.3 GHz with a relative bandwidth of 108.4%
 under normal incidence with arbitrary polarizations, in addition, when the
 incident angle is increased to 30°, the RCS reduction performance can be
 kept well. In this data file, the simulation results obtained by
 commercial software Ansys HFSS and measurement results are listed.
description: These data are obtained by electromagnetic simulation and
 measurement.
description: The readme file contains an explanation of each of the variables
 in the dataset.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h18931znh
title: Gastric emergencies in older adults: not always the same old story! A tertiary care emergency department observational cohort study

description: Objective: To analyze and compare the clinical outcomes between patients
 ≥80 years and patients 65-79 years, presented to our Emergency Department
 (ED) with the two most common Gastric Emergencies (GE) clinical
 presentation, i.e. gastric bleeding and gastric perforation. Design:
 Single-center retrospective cohort study. Participants: A total of 1011
 patients were enrolled: 421 patients aged ≥80 years were compared to a
 group of 590 patients aged 65-79 years. Primary and secondary outcome
 measures: The primary outcome was to compare the overall mortality.
 Secondary outcomes included major complications, in-hospital length of
 stay (LOS), and need for surgical procedures. Results: Patients ≥80 years
 with GE had different presentation at Emergency Department compared to
 younger patients: they had higher gastrointestinal bleeding (24.9% vs.
 16.3%; p = 0.001), anemization (14.5% vs. 8.8%; p= 0.005), and shock
 (10.9% vs. 5.1%; p = 0.001) rates. Median LOS, cumulative major
 complications and mortality rates were similar among the two groups.
 Multivariate analysis identified shock, gastric malignancy, and gastric
 fistula as independent predictors for survival. Conclusions: Patients ≥80
 years with GE did not have a higher mortality rate and cumulative major
 complications as compared to younger elderly patients. Invasive treatments
 were not associated to a different prognosis in this age group.
description: <b>Design</b>: Single-center retrospective cohort
 study. <b>Participants</b>: A total of 1011
 patients were enrolled: 421 patients aged ≥80 years were compared to a
 group of 590 patients aged 65-79 years.
 <b>Primary and secondary outcome measures</b>: The
 primary outcome was to compare the overall mortality. Secondary outcomes
 included major complications, in-hospital length of stay (LOS), and need
 for surgical procedures.
description: The readme file contains an explanation of the study design and
 each of the variables in the dataset, its measurement units, and the way
 it was calculated from the primary data.