cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15151/esrf-es-790330698
title: Active phase formation on Ir-Ru catalysts for the oxygen evolution followed by operando PDF/SAXS

description: We aim to elucidate the formation of the catalytically active phase of iridium-based oxygen evolving catalysts for proton exchange membrane electrolyzers using operando scattering. Understanding the nature of OER catalysts under operando conditions is crucial to develop optimization strategies reduced Pt group metal (PGM) content. We synthesize small metallic IrxRuy nanoparticles (NPs) of different composition following a previously developed colloidal synthesis route. Thereafter, the NPs are immobilized on two support types, i.e., carbon and antimony doped tin oxide (ATO). Applying potential steps from low to oxidizing potentials we follow the formation of the active catalyst phase. By combining time-resolved operando Pair Distribution Function (PDF) analysis and SAXS measurements we can detect the degree of oxidation, potential Ru dealloying, and amorphization of the NPs, as well as metal dissolution, ripening, and agglomeration at each individual potential applied.
DOI: 10.15151/esrf-es-809567907
title: Multi element study of new caledonia lateritic soil profile

description: Multi element study of new caledonia lateritic soil profile
DOI: 10.15151/esrf-es-788649164
title: Li halogen oxides/LLZO solid-state cathodes for high-energy-density Li-garnet solid-state batteries

description: Solid-state batteries based on Li-garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) electrolyte have seen rapid advances in recent years. These systems are poised to address the urgent need for safe, non-flammable, and temperature-tolerant energy storage batteries that concomitantly possess improved energy densities and the cycle life. Moreover, LLZO provides the fundamental basis for the exploration of new cathodes, which have never been envisioned for employment in conventional Li-ion batteries due to solubility issues. In this context, this project proposes a set of experiments that will advance the development of Li-garnet solid-state batteries by focusing on the unexplored family of cathode materials based on Li halogen oxides, LiXOn (X=Cl, Br, I; 1 ≤ n ≤ 4). The scientific impact of the project is seen as a comprehensive assessment of the chemical and electrochemical compatibility of LLZO with LiXOn using Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction.
DOI: 10.15151/esrf-es-787692137
title: Thermal expansion anisotropy, phase instability and internal strains into aluminum titanate polycrystals: an in situ high-temperature study

description: Aluminum titanate polycrystalline materials are commonly used at an industrial scale for various applications. The intrinsic properties of b- Al2TiO5 is strongly anisotropic and not easy to determine. Nevertheless, quite recent works, on single crystals or polycrystalline bulk or powdered materials, allow access more or less to the variation as a function of the temperature of some of these intrinsic properties. During this experiment, we expect to get data allowing us to understand the role of the microstructure on the actual properties of aluminum titanate dense polycrystals.
DOI: 10.15151/esrf-es-788657609
title: A weird spiny coelacanth from the Late Jurassic of Solnhofen questions the evolutionary pace of the group

description: We obtained temporary permission to study the only fossil specimen of a very unusual Late Jurassic coelacanth fish from Solnhofen, recently acquired by the Natural History Museum in München. While most coelacanth taxa show a very monotonous morphology, this one differs as it exhibits superficial characteristics similar to pufferfishes (Tetraodontiformes) (balloon-shaped body, elongated spines, possible presence of a large lung), indicating a potential swelling capacity of the body (Fig1A). This hypothesis can only be verified by detailed observations of the anatomical structures - intracranial articulation, histology of the dermal spines and fine anatomy of the scales - in synchrotron light. The anatomy and morphological characterization of this specimen will enrich an ongoing project on the evolutionary characteristics of coelacanths, that is, their monotonous or highly derived anatomy and body plan, and the genetic and developmental causes at the origin of these life traits.
DOI: 10.15151/esrf-es-787695481
title: In situ studies of graphene CVD growth on Cu-Sn liquid alloy: Atomic structure, composition, and interactions at Gr/Cu-Sn interface

description: Liquid metal catalysts (LMCats) bear the prospect of continuous 2D materials (2DM) production with unprecedented structural quality, efficiency, and speed. We have previously succeeded in studying the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of graphene on liquid copper at 1370 K (see the previous publications). Meanwhile, growing graphene on liquid catalysts at lower temperatures is of great technical and economic interest. One important candidate is tin, which has a relatively low melting point (505 K) and an exceptionally low vapor pressure. However, tin has very low catalytic activity for graphene growth. Hence, an alloy between tin and a more active metal can provide a compromise between a lower melting point and enough catalytic activity. This proposal aims to grow graphene on a liquid Cu-Sn alloy surface and study the interactions and the atomic structure of the Gr/Cu-Sn interface using XRR, GIXD, and XRF. This is to be done using the dedicated liquid diffractometer at ID10.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11997618
title: Balance of nitrogen and phosphorus in a reservoir in the tropical semi-arid region

description: ABSTRACT In relation to the process of eutrophication of water reservoirs, it is necessary to understand the nitrogen and phosphorus supply, as well as they contribute to the eutrophication process. The aim of this research was to quantify the input and the balance of phosphorus and nitrogen, as well as to identify the effect of climate seasonality on dynamics of these nutrients in a reservoir. The campaigns took place from April/2008 to Dec/2012 at the Orós reservoir, located in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Based on dataset it was possible to calculate the inflow and outflow of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The reservoir becoming a storage place for the nutrients transported by the flow of water from the drainage network. A total of 176 Mg of nitrogen and 230 Mg of phosphorus were retained in the reservoir. The TN and TP retained in the reservoir can lead to the water being compromised by eutrophication, increasing the financial cost of water treatment and compromising water availability for consumption use (human, livestock, irrigation and industry). Because it is a predominantly agricultural basin, and the nutrients show a similar input trend in the reservoir, it is believed that the primary source of nutrients is agriculture and livestock, also wastewater from cities around reservoir. There has been an increase in nutrient input of over time. Reservoirs in semi-arid regions are unique as regards nutrient load during dry periods, since even without fluvial input, nutrient concentrations generally remain steady or increase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11997618.v1
title: Balance of nitrogen and phosphorus in a reservoir in the tropical semi-arid region

description: ABSTRACT In relation to the process of eutrophication of water reservoirs, it is necessary to understand the nitrogen and phosphorus supply, as well as they contribute to the eutrophication process. The aim of this research was to quantify the input and the balance of phosphorus and nitrogen, as well as to identify the effect of climate seasonality on dynamics of these nutrients in a reservoir. The campaigns took place from April/2008 to Dec/2012 at the Orós reservoir, located in the semi-arid region of Brazil. Based on dataset it was possible to calculate the inflow and outflow of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The reservoir becoming a storage place for the nutrients transported by the flow of water from the drainage network. A total of 176 Mg of nitrogen and 230 Mg of phosphorus were retained in the reservoir. The TN and TP retained in the reservoir can lead to the water being compromised by eutrophication, increasing the financial cost of water treatment and compromising water availability for consumption use (human, livestock, irrigation and industry). Because it is a predominantly agricultural basin, and the nutrients show a similar input trend in the reservoir, it is believed that the primary source of nutrients is agriculture and livestock, also wastewater from cities around reservoir. There has been an increase in nutrient input of over time. Reservoirs in semi-arid regions are unique as regards nutrient load during dry periods, since even without fluvial input, nutrient concentrations generally remain steady or increase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011357
title: Effect of strategies for controlling spontaneous plants on the quality of soil organic matter and soil fertility

description: ABSTRACT Soil organic matter (SOM) and the chemical attributes of the soil are important indicators of soil quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategies for controlling spontaneous plants on SOM quality and soil fertility in an area of forest under restoration. Three methods for controlling spontaneous plants were established: i) mechanical (MCH), ii) chemical (CHM), and iii) chemical-cultural (CC), and evaluated using a randomized block design. After 13 months, soil samples were collected (0-10 cm) to determine basal respiration over 21 days, total organic carbon (TOC), labile carbon (LC), chemical fractions of the SOM [humine (H), humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA)], and soil fertility. On days 1, 3, and 7, higher values were seen for basal soil respiration, however, no differences were found between the control strategies. There was a small change in SOM quality and soil fertility. MCH showed higher values (up to 11%) for LC, due to the intense silvicultural management. After 13 months of application, each of the strategies for controlling spontaneous vegetation proved to be favorable in relation to SOM quality and soil fertility, especially for LC, due to its relationship with the accumulation or loss of SOM, and immediate response to changes in land use or management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011357.v1
title: Effect of strategies for controlling spontaneous plants on the quality of soil organic matter and soil fertility

description: ABSTRACT Soil organic matter (SOM) and the chemical attributes of the soil are important indicators of soil quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of strategies for controlling spontaneous plants on SOM quality and soil fertility in an area of forest under restoration. Three methods for controlling spontaneous plants were established: i) mechanical (MCH), ii) chemical (CHM), and iii) chemical-cultural (CC), and evaluated using a randomized block design. After 13 months, soil samples were collected (0-10 cm) to determine basal respiration over 21 days, total organic carbon (TOC), labile carbon (LC), chemical fractions of the SOM [humine (H), humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA)], and soil fertility. On days 1, 3, and 7, higher values were seen for basal soil respiration, however, no differences were found between the control strategies. There was a small change in SOM quality and soil fertility. MCH showed higher values (up to 11%) for LC, due to the intense silvicultural management. After 13 months of application, each of the strategies for controlling spontaneous vegetation proved to be favorable in relation to SOM quality and soil fertility, especially for LC, due to its relationship with the accumulation or loss of SOM, and immediate response to changes in land use or management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011358
title: Soil irrigation management: the effect on production and water productivity in the marigold

description: ABSTRACT The management of water resources in irrigated agriculture is a basic method of guaranteeing water use efficiency in agricultural crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate production and water productivity in the marigold under different soil-water matric potentials and at different stages of development. The experiment was conducted in pots in a protected environment. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with six treatments (-10, -15, -30, -40, -50 and -60 kPa) and 4 replications, giving a total of 24 experimental units for each individual trial, which were represented by the development stage of the marigold. Tensiometers were used to monitor the matric potential of the soil, with readings taken daily. The production and dry weight of the floral capitula were evaluated together with water productivity. The data were submitted to regression analysis. It was found that the variations in irrigation depth throughout the growth cycle and during the reproductive phase of the marigold gave significant results for the variables under analysis. For the complete cycle, the production of floral capitula was seen to be greater at a matric potential of -10 kPa, a higher value than the pressure at field capacity (-30 kPa). However, the greatest water productivity was obtained at a matric potential of -32.74 kPa.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011358.v1
title: Soil irrigation management: the effect on production and water productivity in the marigold

description: ABSTRACT The management of water resources in irrigated agriculture is a basic method of guaranteeing water use efficiency in agricultural crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate production and water productivity in the marigold under different soil-water matric potentials and at different stages of development. The experiment was conducted in pots in a protected environment. The experimental design was of randomised blocks with six treatments (-10, -15, -30, -40, -50 and -60 kPa) and 4 replications, giving a total of 24 experimental units for each individual trial, which were represented by the development stage of the marigold. Tensiometers were used to monitor the matric potential of the soil, with readings taken daily. The production and dry weight of the floral capitula were evaluated together with water productivity. The data were submitted to regression analysis. It was found that the variations in irrigation depth throughout the growth cycle and during the reproductive phase of the marigold gave significant results for the variables under analysis. For the complete cycle, the production of floral capitula was seen to be greater at a matric potential of -10 kPa, a higher value than the pressure at field capacity (-30 kPa). However, the greatest water productivity was obtained at a matric potential of -32.74 kPa.
DOI: 10.26180/20011142
title: Dataset - SELF-PRIORITISATION, SELF-CONCEPT, AND PSYCHIATRIC TRAITS

description: Psychiatric traits (autism, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, anxiety, depression), self-concept (SCCS, SCIM) and shape-label matching task (based on Sui et al 2012) data. Identical to DOI: 10.26180/14214464 except that RT_selfadvantage for the matching task includes only matching trials (rather than an average of matching and nonmatching).
DOI: 10.26180/20011142.v1
title: Dataset - SELF-PRIORITISATION, SELF-CONCEPT, AND PSYCHIATRIC TRAITS

description: Psychiatric traits (autism, schizophrenia, borderline personality disorder, anxiety, depression), self-concept (SCCS, SCIM) and shape-label matching task (based on Sui et al 2012) data. Identical to DOI: 10.26180/14214464 except that RT_selfadvantage for the matching task includes only matching trials (rather than an average of matching and nonmatching).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011360
title: Sediments and nutrients input to a small reservoir in the tropical semi-arid region

description: ABSTRACT The sediment and nutrients that are input to surface reservoirs compromise the quality and quantity of the stored water. The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of sediment and nutrient input along the drainage basin of a small reservoir in the semi-arid region. The reservoir under study was built in 1956 and has a storage capacity of 5.01 hm3. Seven trenches were dug along the drainage basin of the reservoir following the river. Sediment samples were collected at increasing depths of 20 cm until reaching the original riverbed. An analysis of particle size, total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable aluminium (Al), total iron (TFe) and pH was carried out. Approximately 60% of the sediment in the reservoir is composed of clay and silt, and 40% of sand. The greatest thickness of the sediment layer, as well as the greatest concentration of fine sediment, was registered in the section nearest to the dam. The values for TOC (2.47 &lt; TOC &lt; 34.47 g kg-1) and TN (0.69
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011361.v1
title: Soil characterization by near-infrared spectroscopy and principal component analysis

description: ABSTRACT This research aimed to use principal component analysis (PCA) as an exploratory method for spectral data of soil absorbance from the Baturité Massif and Central Hinterland (Ceará State, Brazil) to verify the potential of the technique in soil characterization. We analyzed 46 soil samples from different areas (native and cultivated). Each sample was analyzed in two particle sizes: 2 and 0.2 mm. We obtained spectral data by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), selecting the 1,360-2,260 nm range (2,376 variables). We evaluated three data pretreatment methods: multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), first derivative, and second derivative of the Savitzky-Golay filter. The absorption bands observed were: 1,414 nm (C-H stretching and deformation combination), 1,450 nm (O-H associated with the carbon chain), 1,780 nm (second overtone of C-H), 1,928 nm (O-H associated with molecular water), and 2,208 nm (C-H stretch and C=O combination). The best pretreatment was verified using only the multiplicative scatter correction (MSC). Two principal components explained 98% of the data variability, being the first principal component (PC1) related to the characteristic band of moisture, with negative values in the 1,928 nm region, while the second principal component (PC2) was related to the total organic matter (OM) originating from the C-H, C=O, and N-H bonds, wavelength region 1,414 nm. The PCA allowed characterizing the samples in terms of moisture and OM contents, with emphasis on soils under irrigated agroforestry system with higher values of moisture and OM, while the soil in degradation process presented lower values for these attributes. The NIR spectroscopy, associated with data processing methods (PCA and MSC), allows identifying changes in soil attributes, such as moisture and OM.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011361
title: Soil characterization by near-infrared spectroscopy and principal component analysis

description: ABSTRACT This research aimed to use principal component analysis (PCA) as an exploratory method for spectral data of soil absorbance from the Baturité Massif and Central Hinterland (Ceará State, Brazil) to verify the potential of the technique in soil characterization. We analyzed 46 soil samples from different areas (native and cultivated). Each sample was analyzed in two particle sizes: 2 and 0.2 mm. We obtained spectral data by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR), selecting the 1,360-2,260 nm range (2,376 variables). We evaluated three data pretreatment methods: multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), first derivative, and second derivative of the Savitzky-Golay filter. The absorption bands observed were: 1,414 nm (C-H stretching and deformation combination), 1,450 nm (O-H associated with the carbon chain), 1,780 nm (second overtone of C-H), 1,928 nm (O-H associated with molecular water), and 2,208 nm (C-H stretch and C=O combination). The best pretreatment was verified using only the multiplicative scatter correction (MSC). Two principal components explained 98% of the data variability, being the first principal component (PC1) related to the characteristic band of moisture, with negative values in the 1,928 nm region, while the second principal component (PC2) was related to the total organic matter (OM) originating from the C-H, C=O, and N-H bonds, wavelength region 1,414 nm. The PCA allowed characterizing the samples in terms of moisture and OM contents, with emphasis on soils under irrigated agroforestry system with higher values of moisture and OM, while the soil in degradation process presented lower values for these attributes. The NIR spectroscopy, associated with data processing methods (PCA and MSC), allows identifying changes in soil attributes, such as moisture and OM.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011369
title: Tree legumes with fertilizer potential: a multivariate approach

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate, through multivariate data analysis, which tree legume residues have the best fertilizer potential for agricultural crops in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. The experiment was conducted in pots, in a randomized block design, with seven treatments and four replicates. Treatments consisted of residues of Sabiá, Jurema Preta and Gliricidia, besides two parts of the plant: leaves and leaves + branches. The pots were filled with 8.0 dm3 of soil and the residues were added in the form of green mass, corresponding to 73.0 g of dry mass per pot. Maize seeds were sown and, at 65 days after addition of the residues, soil chemical attributes, growth and nutrient contents in the plants were evaluated. The data were studied through principal component analysis, clustering analysis, canonical discriminant function analysis and means comparison test from canonical variable 1. Gliricidia residues positively influenced soil K and Mg contents, as well as height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf contents of P, N and Mg in maize plants. These residues showed greater dissimilarity and separation compared to the control treatment and led to statistically higher means compared to the other treatments. Jurema Preta leaves positively influenced soil Ca, N and TOC, as well as leaf contents of K and Ca and total dry mass of maize. Multivariate statistical analysis made it possible to identify distinct potentials among legume residues for use as fertilizer in maize crop, and Gliricidia is the species with highest potential.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20011369.v1
title: Tree legumes with fertilizer potential: a multivariate approach

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate, through multivariate data analysis, which tree legume residues have the best fertilizer potential for agricultural crops in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. The experiment was conducted in pots, in a randomized block design, with seven treatments and four replicates. Treatments consisted of residues of Sabiá, Jurema Preta and Gliricidia, besides two parts of the plant: leaves and leaves + branches. The pots were filled with 8.0 dm3 of soil and the residues were added in the form of green mass, corresponding to 73.0 g of dry mass per pot. Maize seeds were sown and, at 65 days after addition of the residues, soil chemical attributes, growth and nutrient contents in the plants were evaluated. The data were studied through principal component analysis, clustering analysis, canonical discriminant function analysis and means comparison test from canonical variable 1. Gliricidia residues positively influenced soil K and Mg contents, as well as height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf contents of P, N and Mg in maize plants. These residues showed greater dissimilarity and separation compared to the control treatment and led to statistically higher means compared to the other treatments. Jurema Preta leaves positively influenced soil Ca, N and TOC, as well as leaf contents of K and Ca and total dry mass of maize. Multivariate statistical analysis made it possible to identify distinct potentials among legume residues for use as fertilizer in maize crop, and Gliricidia is the species with highest potential.