cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3n5tb2rgg
title: Age at first reproduction in wolves: different patterns of density dependence for females and males

description: Age at first reproduction constitutes a key life history trait in animals
 and is evolutionary shaped by fitness benefits and costs of delayed versus
 early reproduction. The understanding of how intrinsic and extrinsic
 changes affects age at first reproduction is crucial for conservation and
 management of threatened species because of its demographic effects on
 population growth and generation time. For a period of 40 years in the
 Scandinavian wolf (Canis lupus) population, including the recolonization
 phase, we estimated age at first successful reproduction (pup survival to
 at least three weeks of age) and examined how the variation among
 individuals was explained by sex, population size (from 1 to 74 packs),
 primiparous or multiparous origin, reproductive experience of the partner,
 and inbreeding. Median age at first reproduction was 3 years for females
 (n = 60) and 2 years for males (n = 74), and ranged between 1 and 8-10
 years of age (n = 297). Female age at first reproduction decreased with
 increasing population size, and increased with higher levels of
 inbreeding. The probability for males to reproduce later first decreased,
 reaching its minimum when the number of territories approached 40 to 60,
 and then increased with increasing population size. Inbreeding for males
 and reproductive experience of parents and partners for both sexes had
 weak or no effect on age at first reproduction. These results allow for
 more accurate parameter estimates when modelling population dynamics for
 management and conservation of small and vulnerable wolf populations, and
 show how humans through legal harvest and illegal hunting influence an
 important life history trait like age at first reproduction.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.31zcrjdk4
title: Extreme drought reduces climatic disequilibrium in dryland plant communities

description: High rates of climate change are currently exceeding many plant species’
 capacity to keep up with climate, leading to mismatches between climatic
 conditions and climatic preferences of the species present in a community.
 This disequilibrium between climate and community composition could
 diminish, however, when critical climate thresholds are exceeded, due to
 population declines or losses among the more mismatched species. Here, we
 assessed the effect of an extreme drought event on rich semiarid shrubland
 communities in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula. Using a community
 climate framework, we compared the community climatic disequilibrium
 before and after the drought episode on three study sites with different
 levels of precipitation. Disequilibrium was estimated as the difference
 between observed reference climate and community-inferred climate,
 calculated as the mean climatic optimum for the species present, weighted
 by their abundances. We found that extreme drought embedded within a
 decadal trend of increasing aridity led to a significant reduction in
 community climatic disequilibrium, and that this reduction was positively
 related to water deficit (low P/PET values). In contrast, microhabitat
 variables such as vegetation cover or slope, did not emerge as significant
 predictors of changes in community climatic disequilibrium. Our study
 highlights that extreme drought events pushing communities in the same
 direction as climate trends may decrease community climatic mismatch,
 leading to communities more adapted to aridity through loss of
 drought-sensitive species. These findings underscore that extreme events
 will play a crucial role in speeding up climate-induced community
 transformations and biodiversity losses.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dw9b86
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 223 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Pseudois nayaur",
 "Year 2020-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 223 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002774-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.69p8cz91g
title: Source data and code for: Climate change transforms the functional identity of Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages

description:  We used five long-term (&gt;10 years) records of
 Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages in a multi-taxa, trait-based
 analysis to investigate MHW-driven changes in functional structure. We
 show that, despite stability in functional richness (i.e., the range of
 species functional traits), MHW-impacted assemblages experienced long-term
 directional changes in functional identity (i.e., their dominant trait
 values). Declining traits included large sizes, long lifespans,
 arborescent morphologies, filter feeding strategies or calcified
 skeletons. These traits, which were mostly supported by few sensitive and
 irreplaceable species from a single functional group (habitat-forming
 octocorals), disproportionally influence certain ecosystem functions
 (e.g., 3D-habitat provision). Hence, MHWs are leading to assemblages that
 are deficient in key functional traits, with likely consequences for the
 ecosystem functioning.
description: The dataset contains:  i) a metadata file
 explaining what the data are in each column and what rows
 represent.  ii) the raw data files that were analysed
 to produce all statistics and figures that appear in the paper 
 iii) R code used to produce the figures, For
 the functional analyses to work, the code files 1-3 need to be run in R
 software in order as follows: Functional
 space & Frich Abundance distribution of
 traits & FI Broad clustering
 analysis
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p5hqbzkp1
title: Maternal reproductive output and F1 hybrid fitness may influence contact zone dynamics

description: The outcome of secondary contact between divergent lineages or species may
 be influenced by both the reproductive traits of parental species and the
 fitness of offspring; however, their relative contributions have rarely
 been evaluated, particularly in longer lived vertebrate species. We
 performed pure and reciprocal laboratory crosses between Ctenophorus
 decresii (tawny dragon) and C. modestus (swift dragon) to examine how
 parental reproductive traits and ecologically-relevant offspring fitness
 traits may explain contact zone dynamics in the wild. The two species meet
 in a contact zone of post-F1 hybrids with asymmetric backcrossing and
 predominantly C. modestus mtDNA haplotypes. We found no evidence for
 reduced parental fecundity or offspring fitness for F1 hybrid crosses.
 However, maternal reproductive strategy differed between species,
 irrespective of the species of their mate. Ctenophorus modestus females
 had higher fecundity and produced more and larger clutches with lower
 embryonic mortality. Parental lineage also influenced sex ratios and
 offspring traits, with C. modestus ♀ × C. decresii ♂ hybrids exhibiting
 higher trait values for more fitness measures (growth rate, sprint speed,
 bite force) than offspring from all other pairings. Together, these
 patterns are consistent with the prevalence of C. modestus mtDNA in the
 contact zone, and asymmetric backcrossing likely reflects fitness effects
 that manifest in the F2 generation. Our results highlight how parental
 species can influence multiple offspring traits in different ways, which
 together may combine to influence offspring fitness and shape contact zone
 dynamics.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.w0vt4b8qg
title: Predictive value of clinical indices for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance and coronary artery lesion in Kawasaki disease

description: Context: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance and coronary artery
 lesions (CALs) prediction are pivotal topic of interests in Kawasaki
 disease (KD). However, data on the predictive value of lipid profile for
 both IVIG resistance and CALs are limited. Purpose: To investigate the
 predictive validity of lipid profile for IVIG resistance and CALs in KD.
 Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: West China Second University
 Hospital. Patients: A total of 363 KD patients were divided into either
 the initial IVIG-resistant group (n=56) and initial IVIG-responsive group
 (n=307), or CAL+ group (n=61) and CAL- group (n=302). Patients suffering
 initial IVIG resistance were further categorized into the repeated
 IVIG-resistant group (n=33) and the repeated IVIG-responsive group
 (n=23).  Main Outcome Measures: Validity of serum lipid profile
 in predicting IVIG resistance and CALs. Results: Serum TG was
 significantly higher (p=0.047) and TC (p=0.025), HDL-C (p&lt;0.001),
 LDL-C (p=0.021) as well as Apo A (p&lt;0.001) were significantly lower
 in initial IVIG-resistant subjects, with best cut-off values of 1.625
 mmol/L, 3.255 mmol/L, 0.475 mmol/L, and 1.965 mmol/L and0.665 g/L,
 yielding sensitivities of 52%, 70%, 52%, 61%, 50%, and specificities of
 68%, 53%, 78%, 71%, 81% for initial IVIG resistance prediction,
 respectively. TC (p=0.012), LDL-C (p=0.017), and Apo A (p=0.048) levels
 were significantly lower in repeated IVIG-resistant subjects, with best
 cut-off values of 3.20 mmol/L, 1.78 mmol/L, 0.605 g/L, producing
 sensitivities of 91%, 70%, 57% and specificities of 55%, 67%, 70% for
 repeated IVIG resistance prediction, respectively. Serum Apo-A level
 (p=0.036) was significantly lower in the CAL group, with best cut-off
 value of 0.805g/L, yielding a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 54%
 for CAL prediction. Conclusions: Serum lipid profiles were significantly
 dysregulated in KD patients suffering IVIG resistance and CALs. Some of
 them, such as LDL-c and Apo-A, could serve as complementary laboratory
 markers for the prediction of both IVIG resistance and CALs in KD.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mw6m905w4
title: Data from: Grit and consequence

description: Grit is implicated in several biological phenomena—it wears teeth, it
 fractures teeth, it drives tooth evolution, it elicits complex manual
 manipulations—any one of which could be described as a central topic in
 evolutionary anthropology. But what is grit? We hardly know because we
 tend to privilege the consequences of grit (it is abrasive) over its
 formal features, all but ignoring crucial variables such as mineral
 composition, material properties, and particle geometry (size,
 angularity), not to mention natural variation in the habitats of primates
 and their food surfaces. Few topics have animated so much debate and
 invited such cool indifference at the same time. Our goal here is to shine
 a light on grit, to put a philosophical lens on the nature of our
 discourse, and to call attention to large empirical voids that should be
 filled and folded into our understanding of primate natural history and
 evolution.
description: Raw data collected for figure 1c. See methods text of paper for
 more information.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h9w0vt4h4
title: Herbivore dung stoichiometry drives competition between savanna trees and grasses

description: The balance between trees and grasses is a key aspect of savanna ecosystem
 functioning, and so far, believed to be regulated by resource
 availability, fire frequency, and consumption by mammalian herbivores.
 Herbivores, however, also impact plant communities through the deposition
 of growth-limiting nutrients in their dung and urine. Little attention has
 been paid to the fact that savanna herbivores produce dung containing
 different concentrations of nutrients and it remains unknown what the
 effect of this variation is on tree-grass interactions. Here, we
 investigate if stoichiometric differences in dung from browsers and
 grazers from an African savanna are large enough to influence competitive
 interactions between N2-fixing trees and grasses. We performed a
 competition experiment with seedlings of three common N2-fixing tree
 species and three common C4-grass species from a Kenyan savanna. Plants
 were grown in mesocosms as monocultures or mixtures with dung from either
 zebra (grazer) or giraffe (browser). We show that variation in dung
 nitrogen (N) to phosphorus (P) ratio between these herbivores was large
 enough to drive the competitive outcome between tree seedlings and
 grasses. Under zebra dung with a low N:P ratio (3.5), tree seedlings had
 an advantage due to increased nodulation and N2-fixation. Under giraffe
 dung with a high N:P ratio (6.4), grasses suppressed nodulation and tree
 seedling growth. Synthesis. We identify another potentially important
 mechanism by which mammalian herbivores can stimulate ecosystem stability,
 namely through the N:P ratio of their dung. This illustrates how connected
 browsing and grazing herbivores are in African savannas, through the
 forage quality they consume, the N:P stoichiometry of their dung, and
 subsequent effects on plant competition.
description: This dataset contains biomass and root nodule data of plant
 seedlings harvested from three seperate greenhouse experiments: 1)
 Tree-grass competition experiment, 2) Mineral control experiment and 3)
 Nodule control experiment (see the article for details on
 experimental methods). The datasets contain the
 experimental treatments (explained in the sheet 'Meta data') of
 each experiment, the plant species used and their dry biomass at harvest.
 The relative growth rate of each individual plant has been calculated
 (again explained in the sheet 'Meta data'). The number of root
 nodules of N<sub>2</sub>-fixing tree seedlings were counted at
 harvest and nodules per gram biomass were calculated.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b5mkkwhcg
title: The living heart: climate gradients predict desert mountain endemism

description: Mountain regions are centres of biodiversity endemism at a global scale
 but the role of arid- zone mountain ranges in shaping biodiversity
 patterns is poorly understood. Focusing on three guilds of taxa from a
 desert upland refugium in Australia, we sought to determine: 1) the
 relative extent to which climate, terrain or geological substrate predict
 endemism, and 2) whether patterns of endemism are complimentary across
 broad taxonomic guilds. We mapped regional endemism for plants, land
 snails and vertebrates using combined Species Distribution Models (SDMs)
 for all endemic taxa (n=82). We then modelled predictors of endemism using
 Generalised Additive Models (GAMs) and geology, terrain and climate
 variables. We tested for the presence of inter- and intraguild hotspots of
 endemism. Many individual plant and land snail taxa were tightly linked
 with geology, corresponding to small distributions. Conversely, most
 vertebrate taxa were not constrained to specific geological substrates and
 occurred over larger areas. However, across all three guilds, climate was
 the strongest predictor of regional endemism, particularly for plants
 wherein discrete hotspots of endemism were buffered from extreme summer
 temperatures. Land snail and vertebrate endemism peaked in areas with the
 highest precipitation in the driest times of the year. Hotspots of
 endemism within each guild poorly predicted endemism in other guilds. We
 found an overarching signal that climatic gradients play a dominant role
 in the persistence of endemic taxa in an arid-zone mountain range system.
 An association with higher rainfall and cooler temperatures indicates that
 continuing trends towards hotter and drier climates may lead to range
 contractions in this, and potentially other, arid-zone mountain biotas.
 Contrasting patterns of endemism across guilds highlight the need to
 couple comprehensive regional planning for the protection of climate
 refugia, with targeted management of more localised and habitat specialist
 taxa.
description: Please refer to paper
description: The csv file contains all species location data used to generate
 SDMs or distribution polygons. The R code was used for
 GAM analysis for regional endemism.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qbzkh18gk
title: Data from: Declines in occurrence of plants characteristic for a nutrient-poor meadow habitat are partly explained by their responses to nutrient addition and competition

description: Species losses and local extinctions are alarmingly common, frequently as
 a consequence of habitat destruction. Nevertheless, many intact habitats
 also face species losses, most likely due to environmental changes.
 However, the exact drivers, and why they affect some species more than
 others in apparently intact habitats, are still poorly understood.
 Addressing these questions requires data on changes in occurrence
 frequency of many species, and comparisons of the responses of those
 species to experimental manipulations of the environment. Here, we use
 historic (1911) and contemporary (2017) data on the presence-absence of 42
 plant species in 14 seemingly intact Molinia meadows around Lower Lake
 Constance to quantify changes in occurrence frequency. Then, we performed
 a common-garden experiment to test whether occurrence frequencies in 1911
 and changes therein by 2017 could be explained by responses of the 42
 species to nutrient addition and competition with the acquisitive
 generalist grass Poa pratensis. Within the 14 still intact Molinia
 meadows, 36 of the 42 species had declined since 1911. As expected,
 nutrient addition generally led to increased biomass production of the 42
 target species, and competition with P. pratensis had a negative effect.
 The latter was stronger at high nutrient availability. The more frequent
 species were in 1911 and the more they declined in frequency between 1911
 and 2017, the less above-ground biomass they produced in our experiment.
 Competition with P. pratensis magnified this effect. Our work highlights
 that environmental change can contribute to local extinction of species in
 otherwise intact habitat remnants. Specifically, we showed that increased
 nutrient availability negatively affected formerly widespread
 Molinia-meadow species in competition with P. pratensis. Our study thus
 identified a likely mechanism for the decline in occurrence frequency of
 species in the remaining Molinia meadows.
description: The vast majority of data was collected during an experiment in
 the Botanical Garden of the University of Konstanz. The
 data on species' occurrences in 1911 and 2017 were obtained from
 Baumann (1911) and the author's own field work (2017),
 respectively.
description: README_Declines.txt explains the dataset
 Datafor_Declines_in_occurrence.csv contains data, missing values
 are represented as 'NA'
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cnp5hqc44
title: Underrepresented youth experience barriers prior to field experiences

description: Environment for the Americas has developed a model internship program that
 helps to recruit diverse youth for internship positions on federal lands
 and with non-governmental organizations. To improve the program, we have
 conducted almost a decade of surveys to examine the barriers diverse youth
 may face when applying for these positions and working at sites where
 staff, visitors, and other interns may be predominantly White. Our model
 has been very successful in addressing barriers, including those presented
 by Bowser and Sid. Survey responses show that issues of connection,
 confidence, comfort, and capability can be addressed through
 considerations of culture, staff awareness of Diversity, Equity, and
 Inclusion, training, communication, and mentorship.
description: Environment for the Americas surveyed interns from three
 different programs: Latino Heritage Internship Program (LHIP), America’s
 Great Outdoors/Celebrate Birds/Celebra Las Aves Internship Program (AGO),
 and the Mosaics in Science Internship Program (MIS). LHIP and AGO are both
 programs for students of Hispanic or Latino descent. MIS is a STEM program
 for students of diverse races and ethnicities. Interns in each program are
 surveyed three times; before commencing their internships, at the midpoint
 of their internships, and upon completion of the programs. The analyses in
 this report include data from 2013 up to pre-internship surveys in 2020;
 578 total responses were collected. The surveys include
 both quantitative and qualitative responses designed to assess participant
 satisfaction with the programs at each point in time, including career
 goals, awareness of federal jobs before and after the internships,
 barriers to participating, and other topics. Quantitative questions were
 asked as “Yes/No/Maybe” or on a Likert scale, where 1 is “Strongly
 Disagree” and 5 is “Strongly Agree”. Open-ended questions provide
 additional data, which were categorized for analysis. Though questions
 were mostly uniform, there is some variation depending on year and
 program.
description: Some inhomogeneities include variations in survey administration
 each year. For example, mid-internship surveys were not developed until
 2016. Furthermore, diversity internship programs with the National Park
 Service (LHIP and MIS), began in 2015 and 2016 respectively, while
 Celebrate Birds was launched in 2012. Data from each program depend on its
 start date and the number of participants.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8pk0p2nmm
title: No sex differences in learning in wild bumblebees

description: Females and males often face different sources of selection, resulting in
 dimorphism in morphological, physiological, and even cognitive traits. Sex
 differences are often studied in respect to spatial cognition, yet the
 different ecological roles of males and females might shape cognition in
 multiple ways. For example, in dietary generalist bumblebees (Bombus), the
 ability to learn associations is critical to female workers, who face
 informationally-rich foraging scenarios as they collect nectar and pollen
 from thousands of flowers over a period of weeks to months to feed the
 colony. While male bumblebees likely need to learn associations as well,
 they only forage for themselves while searching for potential mates. It is
 thus less clear whether foraging males would benefit from the same
 associative learning performance as foraging females. In this system, as
 in others, cognitive performance is typically studied in lab-reared
 animals under captive conditions, which may not be representative of
 patterns in the wild. In the first test of sex and species differences in
 cognition using wild bumblebees, we compared the performance of Bombus
 vancouverensis nearcticus (formerly bifarius) and Bombus vosnesenskii of
 both sexes on an associative learning task at Sierra Nevada (CA, USA)
 field sites. Across both species, we found that males and females did not
 differ in their ability to learn, although males were slower to respond to
 the sucrose reward. These results offer the first evidence from natural
 populations that male bumblebees may be equally as able to learn
 associations as females, supporting findings from captive colonies of
 commercial bees. The observed interspecific variation in learning ability
 opens the door to using the Bombus system to test hypotheses about
 comparative cognition.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16662143
title: Thunderstorms stage identification

description: This database is for the manuscript "New Insights from TRMM Legacy: Stage-Dependent Relationships Between Lightning and Convective Structure in Thunderstorms" whose paper code is 2025JD044982. You can get my GitHub to download the codes (https://github.com/oldsixxiaolv/Manuscript_Lvyh). We would greatly appreciate it if you could provide feedback or even engage in discussion. My email addresses are 320220903211@lzu.edu.cn or lvyihang200411@outlook.com.