cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.57780/esa-byadduw
title: 16273

description: Proper motions (PMs) from HST and Gaia have revolutionized the field of Galactic archaeology in the Milky Way (MW) comma  but PM studies in the M31 system are still in their early stages. Gaia can only detect the brightest stars in star forming regions at the distance of M31 comma  so HST is the only observatory currently capable of measuring PMs of M31 satellite dwarf spheroidals. We propose to obtain second epoch imaging of 7 M31 satellites (And I comma  II comma  III comma  VII comma  XV comma  XVI comma  XXVIII) comma  targeting the same fields with earlier deep HST observations to measure PMs with uncertainties of 40-50 km-s. We will use the PM-based 6D phase space information of satellites to constrain the total M31 mass with uncertainties at the 30% level. We will also test the dynamical stability of the Great Plane of Andromeda using our PM results for And I comma  III comma  and XVI. This will provide clues to the origin of satellite planes observed around M31 as well as the MW. The orbits derived for individual satellites will allow us to disentangle the processes that have contributed to the quenching of star formation comma  connect our target galaxies to M31 tidal structures comma  and test the merger scenario of And II. Altogether comma  our proposed measurements will nearly triple the sample of M31 satellites with available PMs comma  dramatically improving our understanding of the M31 halo and its satellite system. A revised estimate for the mass of M31 will also improve our understanding of the dynamics in the Local Group (LG) comma  and set an important benchmark for studies of satellite systems beyond the LG. Finally comma  the results from this program will inform us how representative the MW is in a cosmological context.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284029.09fu
title: SH1284029.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-bylhu62
title: 16803

description: The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) Director has decided to devote up to 1000 orbits of Director.s Discretionary time in observing Cycles 27-29 to a new Hubble Ultraviolet Legacy program focused on star formation and associated stellar physics. This new program comma  ULLYSES (UV Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards) comma  will provide a UV spectroscopic reference sample of young (< 10 Myr) high- and low-mass stars. It will target over virgul150 OB stars in the Magellanic Clouds and lower metallicity galaxies in the Local Group comma  and virgul40 T Tauri stars and brown dwarfs in the Milky Way. In addition comma  ULLYSES will monitor 4 typical T Tauri stars over different rotational phases through at least three rotation periods comma  and over timescales of months to years. The resulting library will provide template spectra of massive stars at metallicities substantially below the well studied comma  while the low mass sample will cover a wide range of ages comma  accretion rates comma  and masses comma  including objects down to well below 0.5 M_sun. The legacy of this large UV dataset on the first 10 Myr of stellar evolution will be enhanced by complementary datasets obtained by the scientific community. In addition to the core goals of the program related to stellar astrophysics of low and high mass stars comma  this data will also enable exciting science in the fields of ISM comma  CGM comma  jets comma  and exoplanets. ULLYSES will be modeled after the Frontier Fields programdoublePoint all data obtained will be non-proprietary. The implementation team at STScI is developing high-level science data products and a sophisticated database and website for disseminating data from the ULLYSES program and ancillary datasets for the ULLYSES target sample from space and ground-based facilities.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284030.09fu
title: SH1284030.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-c07d4z1
title: 16808

description: The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) Director has decided to devote up to 1000 orbits of Director.s Discretionary time in observing Cycles 27-29 to a new Hubble Ultraviolet Legacy program focused on star formation and associated stellar physics. This new program comma  ULLYSES (UV Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards) comma  will provide a UV spectroscopic reference sample of young (< 10 Myr) high- and low-mass stars. It will target over virgul150 OB stars in the Magellanic Clouds and lower metallicity galaxies in the Local Group comma  and virgul40 T Tauri stars and brown dwarfs in the Milky Way. In addition comma  ULLYSES will monitor 4 typical T Tauri stars over different rotational phases through at least three rotation periods comma  and over timescales of months to years. The resulting library will provide template spectra of massive stars at metallicities substantially below the well studied comma  while the low mass sample will cover a wide range of ages comma  accretion rates comma  and masses comma  including objects down to well below 0.5 M_sun. The legacy of this large UV dataset on the first 10 Myr of stellar evolution will be enhanced by complementary datasets obtained by the scientific community. In addition to the core goals of the program related to stellar astrophysics of low and high mass stars comma  this data will also enable exciting science in the fields of ISM comma  CGM comma  jets comma  and exoplanets. ULLYSES will be modeled after the Frontier Fields programdoublePoint all data obtained will be non-proprietary. The implementation team at STScI is developing high-level science data products and a sophisticated database and website for disseminating data from the ULLYSES program and ancillary datasets for the ULLYSES target sample from space and ground-based facilities.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284031.09fu
title: SH1284031.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-c20zu3g
title: 17183

description: The UV contains unique constraints on the atmospheric properties of a planet. Yet comma  the UV is an often overlooked wavelength region for exoplanet studies despite the wealth of information it contains on aerosol scattering properties and V1.0 absorbers. We propose to conduct a Hubble Ultraviolet-optical Survey of Transiting Legacy Exoplanets (HUSTLE) treasury program using the newly proven capabilities of the WFC3-UVIS G280 grism to produce a spectroscopic survey of 14 exoplanet atmospheres from 200-800nm. G280 has the highest throughput among all Hubble.s UV instruments comma  making it an important instrument for the future of UV exoplanet science. This program targets giant planets from warm Neptunes to ultra hot Jupiters with equilibrium temperatures from 900-2600K comma  spanning a broad range of chemical comma  aerosol comma  and irradiation conditions.  This treasury program will expand Hubble.s UV legacy for exoplanet studies comma  and in doing so comma  will address several important science questionsdoublePoint 1) place constraints on aerosol particle sizes comma  altitudes comma  and vertical mixing of clouds on the planetary limb comma  2) identify and constrain the abundance of any Mid to Near-UV absorbers comma  and 3) leverage these directly measured properties to create legacy datasets to facilitate comparative studies comma  adding to our understanding of the mechanisms that sculpt these worlds.  Our target list includes a number of well known exoplanets that have formed the basis of our understanding of these extreme atmospheres and are already targets for Webb. The HUSTLE treasury program will provide the critical missing puzzle pieces to ensure that we can view the full picture of exoplanet atmospheres now and in the future.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284032.09fu
title: SH1284032.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-c2rqj4o
title: 16684

description: The Hyperion proto-supercluster at zvirgul2.5 is the largest and best-studied large-scale structure observed during the peak of the cosmic star formation activity. Hyperion is the most massive overdensity yet discovered in the high-redshift universe comma  comparable in size and mass to present-day superclusters comma  and is comprised of seven distinct matter peaks comma  each corresponding to a proto-group or -cluster exhibiting its own unique activity. These peaks span over an order of magnitude in total mass and show a variety of levels of dynamical maturity. A small portion of Hyperion was serendipitously observed by the 3D-HST survey comma  revealing tantalizing indications that stellar mass assembly was proceeding rapidly in member galaxies both through star formation and merging processes.  We propose to use HST.s unique capabilities comma  combined with existing data comma  to perform unbiased studies of environmentally-driven evolution in the early universe. Our program will produce a near complete map of Hyperion with WFC3 spectroscopy and imaging comma  confirming virgul150 members (virgul50 in the densest peaks) - doubling the member sample and uniquely sampling the dusty star-forming and quiescent members. With this incredible sample comma  we will constrain the relationships between average galaxy star formation rates comma  stellar mass functions comma  and merging activity and environment. In conjunction with simulations and semi-empirical models comma  we will place strong constrains on different avenues of stellar mass assembly at a time when environmental quenching should be imposing itself in earnest and the vast majority of the stellar content of galaxies should be forming.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284033.09fu
title: SH1284033.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-c50yuaw
title: 16464

description: We do not empirically know how the first galaxies reionized the early universe. In particular comma  how does neutral gas transmit ionizing photons from gas-rich star-forming regions into the intergalactic mediumquestionMark One solution is that small regions of ionized gas preferentially funnel ionizing photons out of galaxies. However comma  this anisotropic escape dramatically changes the morphology of cosmic reionization and the subsequent structure of the universe. The James Webb Space Telescope aims to provide the empirical foundation of the epoch of reionization comma  but it will not sufficiently resolve the morphology of neutral gas nor the isotropy of the escape of ionizing photons. Here comma  we propose 15 orbits of HST mid-cycle observations to obtain 35 pc spatial resolution WFC3 images of the neutral resonant Mg II emission line. The proposed high-ionization emission line galaxy has recently been discovered to have a massive comma  but porous comma  neutral gas reservoir. Regions of bright resonant Mg II emission will trace the low column density holes through which the newly observed Lyman Alpha must propagate through. These Mg II maps will test where photons are transmitted out of this galaxy to answer how isotropically ionizing photons stream into the intergalactic medium. We will complement the Mg II maps with optical emission line maps to determine whether strong optical lines trace these low column density holes. These observations are crucial for understanding upcoming JWST observations and will illuminate one of the key empirical obstacles towards understanding cosmic reionization.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-c9tozsk
title: 16723

description: One of the biggest aims in exoplanet science is to understand how planets and their atmospheres evolve. Among the several challenges faced while inching towards this goal is the severe lack of observational constraints on the high-energy environments of young exoplanets and their early history of atmospheric escape. In particular comma  we do not know how well Neptune-sized and smaller planets can survive atmospheric erosion during the first billion years and retain their primary atmospheres. In this context comma   the recently discovered planet DS Tuc A b (45 Myr) is the best target to study atmospheric escape in the first 100 Myr in the life of a Neptune-sized exoplanet comma  and is likely going to become a testbed to investigate the primordial chemistry of exoplanetary atmospheres with JWST. A previous transit observation with HST suggest that this planet is currently undergoing intense hydrodynamic escape comma  but the result is ambiguous due to insufficient phase coverage and potential stellar activity contamination. In this program comma  we aim to observe two more transits comma  which are necessary to confirm that the feature is not spurious and to study the shape of the planet.s exosphere. Either a detection or a non-detection will be crucial to interpret the evolution of exoplanetary atmospheres of this young planet and other similar worlds.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284034.09fu
title: SH1284034.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-car78ac
title: 16775

description: When a star is tidally disrupted by a supermassive black hole comma  the rapid accretion of the stellar debris may drive super-Eddington winds which.  After a period of accretion rate decay comma  we expect the winds to d_commashut offd_comma comma  drastically reducing the production of broad line emission and changing the evolution of the band-specific light curve across the spectrum.  Spectroscopic monitoring of new tidal disruption events (TDEs) in the ultraviolet is the best place to observe this transition due to the persistence of a windless disk continuum. the lack of stellar contamination comma  and the wealth of high-ionization diagnostic lines that probe the relatively small TDE accretion structure.  We propose to observe 5 TDEs over 3 epochs with monitoring UV spectroscopy and complementary X-ray and optical observations comma  in order to observe this transition and investigate its connection to the evolution of the accretion flow.  Beyond this primary goal comma  these observations will also provide an important legacy contribution of HST towards understanding TDE physics in the UV.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1284035.09fu
title: SH1284035.09FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.
DOI: 10.57780/esa-cejtgmk
title: 17216

description: We propose to calibrate the Population II extragalactic distance ladder to a precision of 1% by acquiring HST-ACS imaging of 34 Milky Way (MW) RR Lyrae with excellent Gaia parallaxes.  We will use filters commonly used for extragalactic distances (F475W comma  F606W comma  F814W) thereby eliminating uncertainties from filter transformations and zero points comma  which are a substantial source of systematics as recently demonstrated for Pop I distance calibration (i.e. comma  Cepheids). From our imaging comma  we will construct the first empirical RR Lyrae period-Wesenheit magnitude-metallicity (PWZ) relationship in native HST filters using well-characterized MW RR Lyrae (existing excellent periods comma  metallicities comma  parallaxes) to the same precision (1%) as HST+Gaia recently established for Cepheids.  With this secure PWZ comma  we will measure RR Lyrae distances to 23 nearby galaxies with large RR Lyrae and TRGB populations that have archival HST data in the same filters.  This process will produce a new calibration of the TRGB in HST filters that is directly anchored to Gaia.  These new distance calibrations will enable broad community science such as a revised Pop II measurement of the local H0 anchored to Gaia comma  calibrations of stellar evolution models comma  more robust star formation histories comma  and provide an anchor for JWST TRGB distances that will extend to virgul50 Mpc.  Gaia will continue to provide improved parallaxes comma  reducing our PWZ distance calibration below 1%.  However comma  without our proposed HST observations the error floor will be limited to 2-3% due to filter transformations and zero point uncertainties comma  underscoring the importance of obtaining these observations now during HST.s remaining lifetime.