DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5x69p8ddt
title: Data from: Herbicidal interference: Glyphosate drives both the ecology and evolution of plant-herbivore interactions

description: The coevolution of plants and their insect herbivores reflects
 eco-evolutionary dynamics at work—ecological interactions influence
 adaptive traits, which feed back to shape the broader ecological
 community. However, novel anthropogenic stressors like herbicide, which
 are strong selective agents, can disrupt these dynamics. Little is known
 about how the evolution of herbicide resistance may impact plant-herbivore
 interactions. We performed a common garden field experiment
 using Ipomoea purpurea (common morning glory) and the herbicide
 glyphosate (Roundup) to investigate the ecological effects of herbicide
 exposure on insect herbivory patterns and assess the potential
 evolutionary consequences. We find that plants treated with glyphosate
 experienced higher levels of herbivory and altered chewing herbivory
 damage patterns. Additionally, we found that glyphosate resistance is
 positively associated with herbivory resistance, and uncovered positive
 selection for increased glyphosate resistance, suggesting that selection
 for increased glyphosate resistance has the potential to lead to increased
 herbivory resistance. Positive selection for glyphosate resistance,
 coupled with the detection of genetic variation for this trait, suggests
 there is potential for glyphosate resistance—and herbivory
 resistance via hitchhiking—to further evolve. Our results show
 that herbicides can not just influence, but potentially drive the
 eco-evolutionary dynamics of plant-herbivore interactions.
description: Plant growth, resistance level to glyphosate and herbivory, and
 seed number produced were measured from <em>Ipomoea
 purpurea</em> during a common garden field experiment. Data has been
 processed and cleaned to reflect the contents of this study. Scripts for
 the analyses in this study are also included.
description: # Herbicidal interference: glyphosate drives both the ecology and
 evolution of plant-herbivore interactions
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5x69p8ddt](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.5x69p8ddt) ## Description of the data and file structure ### Key for headers in "fieldwork\_data.csv" and "herbivory\_leaf\_data.csv" Data collected from a common garden field experiment conducted with* Ipomoea purpurea* and the herbicide glyphosate. ### Files and variables #### File: fieldwork\_data.csv **Description:** Plant growth and resistance data ##### Variables * random: ID number of each plant * labelID: unique ID (population.maternalline.treatment&block.replicate) * pop: population * matid: maternal line number * pop_mat: unique maternal line identifier (population_maternal line) * treatment: glyphosate treatment group (ctrl: control group, trtmt: treatment group) * block: experimental block (1 or 2) * germDate: germination date (YYYYMMDD; NA - plant did not germinate) * leafct2: number of leaves on date of second leaf count (NA - no plant) * herbiv_0719: presence (1) or absence (0) of foliar herbivory on 7/19/2021 (NA - no plant) * wk2_pct: proportion of leaves showing glyphosate damage 2 weeks post-spray (NA - control group plant; if in treatment group, no plant) * trtmtdeath: binomial status of treated plants (0 - alive, 1 - dead; NA - control group plant, if in treatment group, no plant) * pct_herbiv: percentage of leaf tissue missing as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant) * hole: proportion of leaves with hole damage present, as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant) * margin: proportion of leaves with margin damage present, as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant) * surface: proportion of leaves with sueface damage present, as estimated from three leaves per plant (NA - no plant) * seedct: final seed count done in two complete rounds of collection (NA - no plant) #### File: herbivory\_leaf\_data.csv **Description:** herbivory data breakdown by individual leaf ##### Variables * date: date photo was taken * num: plant ID number * treatment: control vs. treatment group * area_cm2: area of entire leaf in cm^2 as measured by LeafByte * missing_cm2: missing area of leaf in cm^2 as measured by LeafByte * pct_herbiv: percentage of leaf tissue missing as measured by LeafByte * herbic_dmg: presence (1) or absence (0) of herbicide damage * browned: presence (1) or absence (0) of browning of leaf tissue * yellowed: presence (1) or absence (0) of yellowing leaf tissue * unknown_missing: an unknown area of the leaf has been consumed and is not captured in LeafByte measurements (1) or the leaf was measured normally (0) * outofbounds: the leaf was outside the boundaries of the scale dots so LeafByte is under-measuring the area (1) or the leaf was measured normally (0) * DT01-DT143: presence (1) or absence (0) of feeding damage types as defined by Labadiera et al., 2007 (Labandeira CC, Wilf P, Johnson KR, Marsh F. 2007. Guide to Insect (and Other) Damage Types on Compressed Plant Fossils. Version 3.0. Smithsonian Institution.) * Hole-feeding DTs: 01-07, 10, 57, 63-64, 78, 126 * Margin-feeding DTs: 12-15, 26, 143 * Surface-feeding DTs: 29-30 ## Code/software We used the program R (version 4.2.1) to conduct all statistical analyses. Script is included with data.