cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nqq8kf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 175 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Month is February",
 "TaxonKey is Eschrichtius robustus (Lilljeborg, 1861)",
 "Year 2020-2020"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 175 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029390-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.u8b9xd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 46 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Month is January",
 "TaxonKey is Eschrichtius robustus (Lilljeborg, 1861)",
 "Year 2020-2020"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 46 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029392-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2auyk9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 99 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Australia",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Month is June",
 "TaxonKey is Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810",
 "Year 2016-2017"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 99 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029393-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.p43m8d
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 3 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Colombia",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-75.23101 4.8662,-75.23026 4.86811,-75.23012 4.87009,-75.22944 4.87207,-75.22801 4.8746,-75.22917 4.87631,-75.22828 4.87904,-75.2293 4.88123,-75.23108 4.8802,-75.23251 4.88034,-75.23361 4.87836,-75.23709 4.87733,-75.23402 4.87064,-75.23101 4.8662))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 3 records were derived from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029341-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.9565p2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 971 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Issue is one of (Continent derived from coordinates, Continent invalid, Coordinate reprojected, Coordinate rounded, Depth min max swapped, Country derived from coordinates, Depth non numeric, Depth not metric, Depth unlikely, Elevation min max swapped, Elevation non numeric, Elevation not metric, Elevation unlikely, Identified date invalid, Identified date unlikely, Modified date invalid, Modified date unlikely, Recorded date invalid, Recorded date mismatch, Recorded date unlikely, Occurrence status inferred from individual count, Georeferenced date unlikely, Georeferenced date invalid, ccurrence status inferred from basis of record)",
 "TaxonKey is Panicum phragmitoides Stapf",
 "Continent is Africa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 971 records from 47 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029394-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ja26qr
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 447 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Month is one of (December, January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November)",
 "TaxonKey is Eschrichtius robustus (Lilljeborg, 1861)",
 "Year 2020-2020"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 447 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029395-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mr3wkn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1357 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Issue is one of (Continent derived from coordinates, Continent invalid, Coordinate reprojected, Coordinate rounded, Depth min max swapped, Country derived from coordinates, Depth non numeric, Depth not metric, Depth unlikely, Elevation min max swapped, Elevation non numeric, Elevation not metric, Elevation unlikely, Identified date invalid, Identified date unlikely, Modified date invalid, Modified date unlikely, Recorded date invalid, Recorded date mismatch, Recorded date unlikely, Occurrence status inferred from individual count, Georeferenced date unlikely, Georeferenced date invalid, ccurrence status inferred from basis of record)",
 "TaxonKey is Panicum repens L.",
 "Continent is Africa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1357 records from 68 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029396-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.21227/88c0-h376
title: Nell-one and Wiki-one for NFAA

description:  The datasets nell-one and wiki-one are two widely-used datasets for the FKGC task.In line with the datasets NELL-One and Wiki-One created by Xiong et al. , relations that are linked to over 50 but under 500 triples are chosen as the few-shot relations, while the remaining relations, along with their triples, form the foundational knowledge graphs.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3tmpbf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 99 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Issue is one of (Continent derived from coordinates, Continent invalid, Coordinate reprojected, Coordinate rounded, Depth min max swapped, Country derived from coordinates, Depth non numeric, Depth not metric, Depth unlikely, Elevation min max swapped, Elevation non numeric, Elevation not metric, Elevation unlikely, Identified date invalid, Identified date unlikely, Modified date invalid, Modified date unlikely, Recorded date invalid, Recorded date mismatch, Recorded date unlikely, Occurrence status inferred from individual count, Georeferenced date unlikely, Georeferenced date invalid, ccurrence status inferred from basis of record)",
 "TaxonKey is Panicum sadinii (Vanderyst) Renvoize",
 "Continent is Africa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 99 records from 16 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029397-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.q2drsa
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 313 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Issue is one of (Continent derived from coordinates, Continent invalid, Coordinate reprojected, Coordinate rounded, Depth min max swapped, Country derived from coordinates, Depth non numeric, Depth not metric, Depth unlikely, Elevation min max swapped, Elevation non numeric, Elevation not metric, Elevation unlikely, Identified date invalid, Identified date unlikely, Modified date invalid, Modified date unlikely, Recorded date invalid, Recorded date mismatch, Recorded date unlikely, Occurrence status inferred from individual count, Georeferenced date unlikely, Georeferenced date invalid, ccurrence status inferred from basis of record)",
 "TaxonKey is Panicum schinzii Hack.",
 "Continent is Africa"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 313 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029398-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jwba88
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 398849 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "DatasetKey is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-100.25976 25.93536,-82.6005 25.93536,-82.6005 34.46194,-100.25976 34.46194,-100.25976 25.93536))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Month is one of (September, December, November, October, January)",
 "TaxonKey is Zenaida macroura (Linnaeus, 1758)",
 "Year 2019-2024"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 398849 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029333-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.97sc27
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2336746 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "or" : [
 "PublishingCountry is Colombia",
 {
 "and" : [
 "Country is Colombia",
 {
 "not" : {
 "Issue" : [
 "is Country coordinate mismatch"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
 }
 ]
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-74.66624447623089 11.43872366285271,-74.66624447623089 10.960874728808946,-73.37543247020979 10.960874728808946,-73.37543247020979 11.43872366285271,-74.66624447623089 11.43872366285271))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2336746 records from 579 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0029244-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5frr5v
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1984 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Bothrops atrox (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1984 records from 114 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0044980-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pspffx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 200 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Brassica robertiana J.Gay"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 200 records from 18 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0045009-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k2uzvh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 12804 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Descurainia pinnata (Walter) Britton"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 12804 records from 266 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0132704-230530130749713/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.x6uxaz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 7 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Bidens townsendii Sherff"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 7 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0095294-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.mw4vd2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 15969 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Diobelonella palustris (Dicks.) Ochyra, Dioxys cinctus (Jurine, 1807), Diphasiastrum alpinum (L.) Holub)",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-9.36035 44.71551,-10.59082 42.81152,-11.82129 36.80928,-7.69043 36.17336,-3.38379 35.88905,3.12012 38.13456,9.18457 38.20366,11.7334 37.16032,12.78809 34.74161,17.09473 33.79741, 23.15918 34.23451,30.10254 32.62087,33.2666 32.99024,35.72754 35.03,33.00293 35.53223,28.69629 35.17381,28.34473 36.31513,25.7959 37.50973,24.91699 39.90974,28.78418 40.6473,30.71777 41.17865,36.87012 45.213,38.18848 46.98025,38.71582 47.7541,39.94629 47.93107,40.20996 49.61071,37.0459 50.34546,35.72754 50.40152,33.79395 52.26816,31.68457 51.94426,31.4209 53.27835,32.56348 53.43572,30.98145 54.77535,30.89355 55.52863,28.43262 56.02295,27.20215 57.65716,27.37793 58.30949,27.90527 59.17593,29.66309 59.88894,27.6416 60.58697,31.50879 62.75473,28.78418 69.83962,30.89355 70.28912,29.22363 71.55274,21.75293 71.30079,14.28223 70.14036,11.38184 67.47492,4.87793 63.66576,-5.53711 71.52491,-10.63477 71.69129,-21.5332 67.74276,-28.56445 65.36684,-24.3457 61.35461,-9.36035 44.71551))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2021"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 15969 records from 170 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0317311-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.49uj3x
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 110368 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Country is one of (United States of America, Mexico, Canada)",
 "Year is greater than 1978",
 "Year is less than 2014",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Columbina passerina (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 110368 records from 70 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0095308-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.j4en7j
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 13421 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Linaria supina (L.) Chaz., Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell)",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-9.36035 44.71551,-10.59082 42.81152,-11.82129 36.80928,-7.69043 36.17336,-3.38379 35.88905,3.12012 38.13456,9.18457 38.20366,11.7334 37.16032,12.78809 34.74161,17.09473 33.79741, 23.15918 34.23451,30.10254 32.62087,33.2666 32.99024,35.72754 35.03,33.00293 35.53223,28.69629 35.17381,28.34473 36.31513,25.7959 37.50973,24.91699 39.90974,28.78418 40.6473,30.71777 41.17865,36.87012 45.213,38.18848 46.98025,38.71582 47.7541,39.94629 47.93107,40.20996 49.61071,37.0459 50.34546,35.72754 50.40152,33.79395 52.26816,31.68457 51.94426,31.4209 53.27835,32.56348 53.43572,30.98145 54.77535,30.89355 55.52863,28.43262 56.02295,27.20215 57.65716,27.37793 58.30949,27.90527 59.17593,29.66309 59.88894,27.6416 60.58697,31.50879 62.75473,28.78418 69.83962,30.89355 70.28912,29.22363 71.55274,21.75293 71.30079,14.28223 70.14036,11.38184 67.47492,4.87793 63.66576,-5.53711 71.52491,-10.63477 71.69129,-21.5332 67.74276,-28.56445 65.36684,-24.3457 61.35461,-9.36035 44.71551))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2021"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 13421 records from 187 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0244529-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11081335
title: Data for paper: Transfer learning for cross-context prediction of protein expression from 5'UTR sequence

description: This depsit contains data for the paper entitled: "Transfer learning for cross-context prediction of protein expression from 5'UTR sequence".

The rebeca.zip file contains a snapshot of the rebeca package which can be used to train, fine tune and test the CONV-LSTM model used in this study.

The datasets.zip file contains the compiled sequence to expression datasets from across all Flow-seq expressions considered in this study. 

The analysis.zip file contains all data files and jupyter notebooks necessary to reproduce our analysis. Each Flow-seq study has a dedicated folder (e.g., `fepB') with two sub-folders: 1. The `data\_split' folder, which contains the steps necessary to split the Flow-seq data for our ML experiments (a `readme.txt' file describes the input and output files and a jupyter notebook is available to reproduce the data split); 2. The `data\_analysis' folder, which contains a jupyter notebook and the necessary input files to reproduce the analysis of our experiments.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11081336
title: Data for paper: Transfer learning for cross-context prediction of protein expression from 5'UTR sequence

description: This depsit contains data for the paper entitled: "Transfer learning for cross-context prediction of protein expression from 5'UTR sequence".

The rebeca.zip file contains a snapshot of the rebeca package which can be used to train, fine tune and test the CONV-LSTM model used in this study.

The datasets.zip file contains the compiled sequence to expression datasets from across all Flow-seq expressions considered in this study. 

The analysis.zip file contains all data files and jupyter notebooks necessary to reproduce our analysis. Each Flow-seq study has a dedicated folder (e.g., `fepB') with two sub-folders: 1. The `data\_split' folder, which contains the steps necessary to split the Flow-seq data for our ML experiments (a `readme.txt' file describes the input and output files and a jupyter notebook is available to reproduce the data split); 2. The `data\_analysis' folder, which contains a jupyter notebook and the necessary input files to reproduce the analysis of our experiments.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.96dd4m
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 213 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Ptilinopus rarotongensis Hartlaub & Finsch, 1871"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 213 records from 13 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0371337-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xycgm6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1187 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Continent is Europe",
 "Year is greater than 1978",
 "Year is less than 2014",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Epilobium nutans F.W.Schmidt"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1187 records from 54 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0095318-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nzefva
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2396 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Speleomantes strinatii (Aellen, 1958)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 2011",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2024"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2396 records from 78 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0012580-240425142415019/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nmc6bw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1119677 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Continent is Europe",
 "Year is greater than 1978",
 "Year is less than 2014",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Troglodytes troglodytes (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1119677 records from 1181 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0095295-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2qqgf7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 41 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is BOLD:AEL9286"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 41 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0031950-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/pcra-c14-77464
title: Redemption tidings, vol. 56, nos. 1-52, 3 Jan. - 25 Dec. 1980

description: [description english/roman)] Issued weekly. "The pentecostal voice of Assemblies of God" -- subtitle. Includes Global action, nos. 1-6 (in vol. 56, nos. 3, 11, 18, 29, 40 & 48).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rtjqxv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 61 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Norileca indica (H.Milne Edwards, 1840)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 61 records from 14 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0126650-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7cn3z3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 122 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is Africa",
 {
 "or" : [
 "TaxonKey is Vanilla africana subsp. cucullata (Kraenzl. ex J.Braun & K.Schum.) Szlach. & Olszewski",
 "TaxonKey is Vanilla africana Lindl.",
 "TaxonKey is Vanilla africana var. gilletii (De Wild.) Portères",
 "TaxonKey is Vanilla africana var. laurentiana (De Wild.) Portères",
 "TaxonKey is Vanilla africana subsp. ramosa (Rolfe) Szlach. & Olszewski"
 ]
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 122 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0049291-200221144449610/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/pcra-c14-77645
title: Redemption tidings, vol. 56, nos. 1-52, 3 Jan. - 25 Dec. 1980

description: [description english/roman)] Issued weekly. "The pentecostal voice of Assemblies of God" -- subtitle. Includes Global action, nos. 1-6 (in vol. 56, nos. 3, 11, 18, 29, 40 & 48).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.k9wcuk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1699 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Antennaria friesiana (Trautv.) Ekman"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1699 records from 45 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0036073-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/pcra-c14-77445
title: Redemption tidings, vol. 56, nos. 1-52, 3 Jan. - 25 Dec. 1980

description: [description english/roman)] Issued weekly. "The pentecostal voice of Assemblies of God" -- subtitle. Includes Global action, nos. 1-6 (in vol. 56, nos. 3, 11, 18, 29, 40 & 48).