cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3100165
title: Ordovician intrusive rocks from the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt in Northeast China: chronology and implications for bidirectional subduction of the early Palaeozoic Palaeo-Asian Ocean

description: The eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is traditionally called the Xing’an Mongolia Orogenic Belt (XMOB). Ordovician intrusive rocks exposed in the XMOB, from north to south, are the Abaga-East Ujimqin Qi-Duobaoshan belt, the Sonid Zuoqi-West Ujimqin Qi belt, and the Damaoqi-Baimaimiao-Tulinkai belt, respectively. Zircon U–Pb dating and geochemical data are presented for the intrusive rocks in East Ujimqin Qi and West Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia. The intrusive rocks from East Ujimqin Qi consist of gabbro, diorite, and granodiorite. LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb ages range 446 to 461 Ma. Geochemical data suggest that the gabbros and diorites from East Ujimqin are a tholeiitic series, both of arc-related and N-MORB (mid-ocean ridge basalt) signature, indicating a back-arc basin setting. The granodiorites have a shoshonitic series and arc-related signature. Rare earth element (REE) patterns and trace element characteristics suggest gabbros, diorites, and granodiorites are petrogenetically correlated. These intrusive rocks from East Ujimqin Qi have high light REE, Th, and U concentrations, suggesting the effect of middle–upper continental crustal contamination. Major oxides display positive or negative correlations, with increasing MgO or SiO<sub>2,</sub> indicating that fractional crystallization occurred during magma evolution. Geochemical data of diorite from West Ujimqin Qi indicate a tholeiitic series, arc-related signature. Zircon U–Pb dating yielded an age of 441.8 ± 1.5 Ma. Integrated with the regionally exposed Mid–Late Ordovician plutons and metasedimentary strata, we concluded that the northward subduction of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean (PAO) that occurred beneath the southern margin of the South Mongolian Micro-continent along the Sonid Zuoqi-Xilinhot gave rise to early Palaeozoic igneous rocks from the Abaga–East Ujimqin Qi–Duobaoshan and the Sonid Zuoqi–West Ujimqin Qi belts. Southward subduction beneath the North China Craton generated the Damaoqi–Baimaimiao–Tulinkai belt. The results support the bidirectional subduction model of the PAO in the early Palaeozoic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3100165.v1
title: Ordovician intrusive rocks from the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt in Northeast China: chronology and implications for bidirectional subduction of the early Palaeozoic Palaeo-Asian Ocean

description: The eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is traditionally called the Xing’an Mongolia Orogenic Belt (XMOB). Ordovician intrusive rocks exposed in the XMOB, from north to south, are the Abaga-East Ujimqin Qi-Duobaoshan belt, the Sonid Zuoqi-West Ujimqin Qi belt, and the Damaoqi-Baimaimiao-Tulinkai belt, respectively. Zircon U–Pb dating and geochemical data are presented for the intrusive rocks in East Ujimqin Qi and West Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia. The intrusive rocks from East Ujimqin Qi consist of gabbro, diorite, and granodiorite. LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon U–Pb ages range 446 to 461 Ma. Geochemical data suggest that the gabbros and diorites from East Ujimqin are a tholeiitic series, both of arc-related and N-MORB (mid-ocean ridge basalt) signature, indicating a back-arc basin setting. The granodiorites have a shoshonitic series and arc-related signature. Rare earth element (REE) patterns and trace element characteristics suggest gabbros, diorites, and granodiorites are petrogenetically correlated. These intrusive rocks from East Ujimqin Qi have high light REE, Th, and U concentrations, suggesting the effect of middle–upper continental crustal contamination. Major oxides display positive or negative correlations, with increasing MgO or SiO<sub>2,</sub> indicating that fractional crystallization occurred during magma evolution. Geochemical data of diorite from West Ujimqin Qi indicate a tholeiitic series, arc-related signature. Zircon U–Pb dating yielded an age of 441.8 ± 1.5 Ma. Integrated with the regionally exposed Mid–Late Ordovician plutons and metasedimentary strata, we concluded that the northward subduction of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean (PAO) that occurred beneath the southern margin of the South Mongolian Micro-continent along the Sonid Zuoqi-Xilinhot gave rise to early Palaeozoic igneous rocks from the Abaga–East Ujimqin Qi–Duobaoshan and the Sonid Zuoqi–West Ujimqin Qi belts. Southward subduction beneath the North China Craton generated the Damaoqi–Baimaimiao–Tulinkai belt. The results support the bidirectional subduction model of the PAO in the early Palaeozoic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3101107
title: Protective role of silent information regulator 1 against hepatic ischemia: effects on oxidative stress injury, inflammatory response, and MAPKs

description: <b>Objective</b>: Previous studies have verified that silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase, protects against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury (IRI) in some organs. In this study, we examined whether SIRT1 could protect against hepatic IRI and explored the potential mechanisms. <b>Research design and methods</b>: We examined whether SIRT1 could protect against hepatic IRI <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> using hepatic-specific SIRT1<sup>−/-</sup> mice, SIRT1 siRNA-transfected hepatocytes and SIRT1<sup>+/+</sup> hepatocytes. <b>Results</b>: The expression and activity of SIRT1 were significantly reduced during reperfusion compared with that observed in the control group. Hepatic-specific SIRT1<sup>−/-</sup> mice exhibited significant increase of hepatic damage markers and augment of oxidative stress and inflammatory response compared with control mice. <i>In vitro</i> studies demonstrated similar results. Furthermore, SIRT1 upregulation protects against hepatic IRI, through the overexpression of p-JNK, p-p38MAPK, and p-ERK. The protection of SIRT1 can be effectively reversed by the inhibitors of p38MAPK, JNK, and ERK. <b>Conclusion</b>: The activation of SIRT1 significantly inhibits the oxidative stress and inflammatory response during hepatic IRI, which can be developed as a novel method to protect against hepatic IRI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3101107.v1
title: Protective role of silent information regulator 1 against hepatic ischemia: effects on oxidative stress injury, inflammatory response, and MAPKs

description: <b>Objective</b>: Previous studies have verified that silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a class III histone deacetylase, protects against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury (IRI) in some organs. In this study, we examined whether SIRT1 could protect against hepatic IRI and explored the potential mechanisms. <b>Research design and methods</b>: We examined whether SIRT1 could protect against hepatic IRI <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> using hepatic-specific SIRT1<sup>−/-</sup> mice, SIRT1 siRNA-transfected hepatocytes and SIRT1<sup>+/+</sup> hepatocytes. <b>Results</b>: The expression and activity of SIRT1 were significantly reduced during reperfusion compared with that observed in the control group. Hepatic-specific SIRT1<sup>−/-</sup> mice exhibited significant increase of hepatic damage markers and augment of oxidative stress and inflammatory response compared with control mice. <i>In vitro</i> studies demonstrated similar results. Furthermore, SIRT1 upregulation protects against hepatic IRI, through the overexpression of p-JNK, p-p38MAPK, and p-ERK. The protection of SIRT1 can be effectively reversed by the inhibitors of p38MAPK, JNK, and ERK. <b>Conclusion</b>: The activation of SIRT1 significantly inhibits the oxidative stress and inflammatory response during hepatic IRI, which can be developed as a novel method to protect against hepatic IRI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3102565
title: CPAD

description: The uploaded data has been divided into six different classes including Amyloid fibril forming hexa-peptides, Amorphous β-aggregating hexa-peptides, Amyloid fibril forming peptides ofdifferent lengths, Amyloid fibril forming hexa-peptides with known structures from PDB, Experimentally validated aggregation prone regions and Data on change in aggregation kinetics upon mutation(s) in known amyloidogenic proteins<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3102565.v2
title: CPAD

description: The uploaded data has been divided into six different classes including Amyloid fibril forming hexa-peptides, Amorphous β-aggregating hexa-peptides, Amyloid fibril forming peptides ofdifferent lengths, Amyloid fibril forming hexa-peptides with known structures from PDB, Experimentally validated aggregation prone regions and Data on change in aggregation kinetics upon mutation(s) in known amyloidogenic proteins<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3102565.v1
title: Aggregation_Prone_Regions.xls

description: The uploaded data has been divided into six different classes including Amyloid fibril forming hexa-peptides, Amorphous β-aggregating hexa-peptides, Amyloid fibril forming peptides ofdifferent lengths, Amyloid fibril forming hexa-peptides with known structures from PDB, Experimentally validated aggregation prone regions and Data on change in aggregation kinetics upon mutation(s) in known amyloidogenic proteins<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3115588
title: Design of a curved surface constant force mechanism

description: A new curved surface constant force mechanism which mainly consists of a roller and a curved surface has been proposed. The magnitude and the direction of normal force caused by squeezing between the roller and the curved surface satisfy a certain relationship, thus the decomposed force of the normal force keeps constant in a certain direction all the times. According to the envelope theorem, the trajectory of the roller center and the profile of the curved surface are obtained by ignoring friction. Then, the influence of the friction is discussed in detail. In addition, the simulation is performed to verify the theoretical calculation. The simulation results show that the output force is relatively constant and the friction has little effect on the output force.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3115588.v2
title: Design of a curved surface constant force mechanism

description: A new curved surface constant force mechanism which mainly consists of a roller and a curved surface has been proposed. The magnitude and the direction of normal force caused by squeezing between the roller and the curved surface satisfy a certain relationship, thus the decomposed force of the normal force keeps constant in a certain direction all the times. According to the envelope theorem, the trajectory of the roller center and the profile of the curved surface are obtained by ignoring friction. Then, the influence of the friction is discussed in detail. In addition, the simulation is performed to verify the theoretical calculation. The simulation results show that the output force is relatively constant and the friction has little effect on the output force.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3115588.v1
title: Design of a Curved Surface Constant Force Mechanism

description: A new curved surface constant force mechanism which mainly consists of a roller and a curved surface has been proposed. The magnitude and the direction of normal force caused by squeezing between the roller and the curved surface satisfy a certain relationship, thus the decomposed force of the normal force keeps constant in a certain direction all the times. According to the envelope theorem, the trajectory of the roller center and the profile of the curved surface are obtained by ignoring friction. Then, the influence of the friction is discussed in detail. In addition, the simulation is performed to verify the theoretical calculation. The simulation results show that the output force is relatively constant and the friction has little effect on the output force.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3115603
title: Estimating ambient particulate organic carbon concentrations and partitioning using thermal optical measurements and the volatility basis set

description: We introduce a new method to estimate the mass concentration of particulate organic carbon (POC) collected on quartz filters, demonstrating it using quartz-filter samples collected in greater Pittsburgh. This method combines thermal-optical organic carbon and elemental carbon (OC/EC) analysis and the volatility basis set (VBS) to quantify the mass concentration of semi-volatile POC on the filters. The dataset includes ambient samples collected at a number of sites in both summer and winter as well as samples from a highway tunnel. As a reference we use the two-filter bare-Quartz minus Quartz-Behind-Teflon (Q-QBT) approach to estimate the adsorbed gaseous fraction of organic carbon (OC), finding a substantial fraction in both the gas and particle phases under all conditions. In the new method we use OC fractions measured during different temperature stages of the OC/EC analysis for the single bare-quartz (BQ) filter in combination with partitioning theory to predict the volatility distributions of the measured OC, which we describe with the VBS. The effective volatility bins are consistent for data from both ambient samples and primary organic aerosol (POA)-enriched tunnel samples. Consequently, with the VBS model and total OC fractions measured over different heating stages, particulate OC can be determined by using the BQ filter alone. This method can thus be applied to all quartz filter-based OC/EC analyses to estimate the POC concentration without using backup filters. © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3115603.v1
title: Estimating ambient particulate organic carbon concentrations and partitioning using thermal optical measurements and the volatility basis set

description: We introduce a new method to estimate the mass concentration of particulate organic carbon (POC) collected on quartz filters, demonstrating it using quartz-filter samples collected in greater Pittsburgh. This method combines thermal-optical organic carbon and elemental carbon (OC/EC) analysis and the volatility basis set (VBS) to quantify the mass concentration of semi-volatile POC on the filters. The dataset includes ambient samples collected at a number of sites in both summer and winter as well as samples from a highway tunnel. As a reference we use the two-filter bare-Quartz minus Quartz-Behind-Teflon (Q-QBT) approach to estimate the adsorbed gaseous fraction of organic carbon (OC), finding a substantial fraction in both the gas and particle phases under all conditions. In the new method we use OC fractions measured during different temperature stages of the OC/EC analysis for the single bare-quartz (BQ) filter in combination with partitioning theory to predict the volatility distributions of the measured OC, which we describe with the VBS. The effective volatility bins are consistent for data from both ambient samples and primary organic aerosol (POA)-enriched tunnel samples. Consequently, with the VBS model and total OC fractions measured over different heating stages, particulate OC can be determined by using the BQ filter alone. This method can thus be applied to all quartz filter-based OC/EC analyses to estimate the POC concentration without using backup filters. © 2016 American Association for Aerosol Research
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3116764
title: Restoration of finger and thumb movement using one-stage free muscle transplantation

description: <i>Objective</i>: Functional reconstruction following severe traumatic muscle loss may cause problems for reconstructive surgeons. In such situations, functioning free muscle transplantation (FFMT) represents an important alternative treatment option. <i>Methods</i>: The clinico-demographic characteristics of 11 patients receiving modified FFMT between 2005–2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The muscle strength, range of joint motion (ROM), total active motion (TAM) of the fingers, and Disability of Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were adopted to assess the functional results. <i>Results</i>: All FFMTs were performed in the secondary stage. The authors found that the mean ROM, TAM, ratio of TAM compared with the contralateral side, and DASH score were 112 degrees, 150 degrees, 62%, and 22.8, respectively; and eight and nine patients achieved greatly improved grip function and M4 muscle strength, respectively. <i>Conclusion</i>: Using one-stage free muscle transplantation to restore finger and thumb movement simultaneously is an effective method for functional restoration following traumatic multi-muscle loss.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3116764.v1
title: Restoration of finger and thumb movement using one-stage free muscle transplantation

description: <i>Objective</i>: Functional reconstruction following severe traumatic muscle loss may cause problems for reconstructive surgeons. In such situations, functioning free muscle transplantation (FFMT) represents an important alternative treatment option. <i>Methods</i>: The clinico-demographic characteristics of 11 patients receiving modified FFMT between 2005–2013 were retrospectively reviewed. The muscle strength, range of joint motion (ROM), total active motion (TAM) of the fingers, and Disability of Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score were adopted to assess the functional results. <i>Results</i>: All FFMTs were performed in the secondary stage. The authors found that the mean ROM, TAM, ratio of TAM compared with the contralateral side, and DASH score were 112 degrees, 150 degrees, 62%, and 22.8, respectively; and eight and nine patients achieved greatly improved grip function and M4 muscle strength, respectively. <i>Conclusion</i>: Using one-stage free muscle transplantation to restore finger and thumb movement simultaneously is an effective method for functional restoration following traumatic multi-muscle loss.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3116962
title: An Inversion-Free Estimating Equations Approach for Gaussian Process Models

description: One of the scalability bottlenecks for the large-scale usage of Gaussian processes is the computation of the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the covariance matrix. The classical approach requires a Cholesky factorization of the dense covariance matrix for each optimization iteration. In this work, we present an estimating equations approach for the parameters of zero-mean Gaussian processes. The distinguishing feature of this approach is that no linear system needs to be solved with the covariance matrix. Our approach requires solving an optimization problem for which the main computational expense for the calculation of its objective and gradient is the evaluation of traces of products of the covariance matrix with itself and with its derivatives. For many problems, this is an <i>O</i>(<i>n</i>log <i>n</i>) effort, and it is always no larger than <i>O</i>(<i>n</i><sup>2</sup>). We prove that when the covariance matrix has a bounded condition number, our approach has the same convergence rate as does maximum likelihood in that the Godambe information matrix of the resulting estimator is at least as large as a fixed fraction of the Fisher information matrix. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on two synthetic examples, one of which involves more than 1 million data points.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3116962.v1
title: An Inversion-Free Estimating Equations Approach for Gaussian Process Models

description: One of the scalability bottlenecks for the large-scale usage of Gaussian processes is the computation of the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the covariance matrix. The classical approach requires a Cholesky factorization of the dense covariance matrix for each optimization iteration. In this work, we present an estimating equations approach for the parameters of zero-mean Gaussian processes. The distinguishing feature of this approach is that no linear system needs to be solved with the covariance matrix. Our approach requires solving an optimization problem for which the main computational expense for the calculation of its objective and gradient is the evaluation of traces of products of the covariance matrix with itself and with its derivatives. For many problems, this is an <i>O</i>(<i>n</i>log <i>n</i>) effort, and it is always no larger than <i>O</i>(<i>n</i><sup>2</sup>). We prove that when the covariance matrix has a bounded condition number, our approach has the same convergence rate as does maximum likelihood in that the Godambe information matrix of the resulting estimator is at least as large as a fixed fraction of the Fisher information matrix. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on two synthetic examples, one of which involves more than 1 million data points.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.3117364
title: An Ameliorated Improvement Factor Model for Imperfect Maintenance and Its Goodness of Fit

description: Maintenance actions can be classified, according to their efficiency, into three categories: perfect maintenance, imperfect maintenance, and minimal maintenance. To date, the literature on imperfect maintenance is voluminous, and many models have been developed to treat imperfect maintenance. Yet, there are two important problems in the community of maintenance that still remain wide open: how to give practical grounds for an imperfect-maintenance model, and how to test the fit of a real dataset to an imperfect-maintenance model. Motivated by these two pending problems, this work develops an imperfect-maintenance model by taking a physically meaningful approach. For the practical implementation of the developed model, we advance two methods, called QMI method and spacing-likelihood algorithm, to estimate involved unknown parameters. The two methods complete each other and are widely applicable. To offer a practical guide for testing fit to an imperfect-maintenance model, this work promotes a bootstrapping approach to approximating the distribution of a test statistic. The attractions and dilemmas of QMI method and spacing-likelihood algorithm are revealed via simulated data. The utility of the developed imperfect-maintenance model is evidenced via a real dataset. This article has a supplementary material online.