DOI: 10.5061/dryad.881j0ds
title: Data from: Dissecting the role of a large chromosomal inversion in life history divergence throughout the Mimulus guttatus species complex

description: Chromosomal inversions can play an important role in adaptation, but the
 mechanism of their action in many natural populations remains unclear. An
 inversion could suppress recombination between locally beneficial alleles,
 thereby preventing maladaptive reshuffling with less-fit, migrant alleles.
 The recombination suppression hypothesis has gained much theoretical
 support but empirical tests are lacking. Here, we evaluated the
 evolutionary history and phenotypic effects of a chromosomal inversion
 which differentiates annual and perennial forms of Mimulus guttatus. We
 found that perennials likely possess the derived orientation of the
 inversion. In addition, this perennial orientation occurs in a second
 perennial species, M. decorus, where it is strongly associated with
 life-history differences between co-occurring M. decorus and annual M.
 guttatus. One prediction of the recombination suppression hypothesis is
 that loci contributing to local adaptation will predate the inversion. To
 test whether the loci influencing perenniality pre-date this inversion, we
 mapped QTLs for life history traits that differ between annual M. guttatus
 and a more distantly related, collinear perennial species, M. tilingii.
 Consistent with the recombination suppression hypothesis we found that
 this region is associated with life-history in the absence of the
 inversion, and this association can be broken into at least two QTLs.
 However, the absolute phenotypic effect of the LG8 inversion region on
 life-history is weaker in M. tilingii than in perennials which possess the
 inversion. Thus, while we find support for the recombination suppression
 hypothesis, the contribution of this inversion to life history divergence
 in this group is likely complex.
description: Population level
 phenotypic surveyCommon garden experiment
 performed at Duke greenhouses under long, warm days for annual M. guttatus
 (AG), inland perennial M. guttatus (IPG), coastal perennial M. guttatus
 (CPG), M. tilingii (MT), and M. decorus (MD). For each individual we
 measured 13 life history traits on the day of first flower (FT= days til
 flower, NF= node of first flower, CL= corolla length, TL= tube length, CW=
 corolla width, SC= stem thickness, LL= leaf length, LW= leaf width, IL1=
 internode length between cotyledons and first true leaf, IL2= internode
 length between first and second true leaf, NS= number of stolons, SL=
 length of the longest stolon, SW= width of the longest stolon, SBL= side
 branch length, SBN= side branch number). Mat.Fam= maternal family, and
 replicate= sibling number for each maternal family.IMPxIM_F2
 surveyF2 mapping for an
 association between the LG8 inversion and life history traits between
 annual M. guttatus (IM62) and perennial M. decorus
 (IMP).SOPxIM_F2
 surveyF2 mapping for an
 association between genotype at the LG8 inversion region and life history
 traits between annual M. guttatus (IM62) and perennial M. tilingii (SOP7).
 Several genotypes for markers along the length of the inversion-region are
 given (marker_number), followed by a region-wide genotype (IM62, SOP7,
 HET, or REC (recombinant)), followed by the traits measured (on the day of
 first flower)- FT= days til flower, FN= node of first flower, CW= corolla
 width, TL= tube length, ST= stem thickness, LL- leaf length, IL1=
 internode length between cotyledons and first true leaf, IL2= internode
 length between first and second true leaves, NS= number of
 stolons.SOPxIM_F3_fine
 mappingFine mapping for 9 lines
 which comprise 4 recombinant classes (labeled FM1-4; detailed in Coughlan
 & Willis. 2018. MEC) for several traits measured on the day of first
 flower (FT= days til flower, FN= node of first flower, TL= tube length,
 CW= corolla width, ST= stem thickness, IL1= internode length between
 cotyledons and first true leaf, IL2= internode length between first and
 second true leaves, NS= number of stolons). Genotype for each individual
 is listed under 'Genotype', where AA= IM62 homozygote, BB= SOP7
 homozygote, and AB= heterozygote.