cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129818
title: Supplementary Material for: The Impact of Mild Cognitive Impairment on Gait and Balance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies Using Instrumented Assessment

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> In addition to cognitive deficits, people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can experience motor dysfunction, including deficits in gait and balance. Objective, instrumented motor performance assessment may allow the detection of subtle MCI-related motor deficits, allowing early diagnosis and intervention. Motor assessment under dual-task conditions may increase diagnostic accuracy; however, the sensitivity of different cognitive tasks is unclear. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To systematically review the extant literature focusing on instrumented assessment of gait and balance parameters for discriminating MCI patients from cognitively intact peers. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Database searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were: (1) clinically confirmed MCI; (2) instrumented measurement of gait and/or balance; (3) English language, and (4) reporting gait or balance parameters which could be included in a meta-analysis for discriminating between MCI patients and cognitively intact individuals based on weighted effect size (d). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and reported quantitative gait (n = 11) or postural balance (n = 4) parameters to be included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that several gait parameters including velocity (d = -0.74, p &lt; 0.01), stride length (d = -0.65, p &lt; 0.01), and stride time (mean: d = 0.56, p = 0.02; coefficient of variation: d = 0.50, p &lt; 0.01) discriminated best between MCI and healthy controls under single-task conditions. Importantly, dual-task assessment increased the discriminative power of gait variables wherein gait variables with counting tasks appeared to be more sensitive (range d = 0.84-1.35) compared to verbal fluency tasks such as animal naming (range d = 0.65-0.94). Balance parameters identified as significant discriminators were anterior-posterior (d = 0.49, p &lt; 0.01) and mediolateral (d = -0.34, p = 0.04) sway position in the eyes-open condition but not eyes-closed condition. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Existing studies provide evidence that MCI affects specific<b> </b>gait parameters. MCI-related gait changes were most pronounced when subjects are challenged cognitively (i.e., dual task), suggesting that gait assessment with an additional cognitive task is useful for diagnosis and outcome analysis in the target population. Static balance seems to also be affected by MCI, although limited evidence exists. Instrumented motor assessment could provide a critical opportunity for MCI diagnosis and tailored intervention targeting specific deficits and potentially slowing progression to dementia. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129809
title: Supplementary Material for: Dermoscopic and Immunohistochemical Changes in Acquired Melanocytic Nevi following Narrow-Band Ultraviolet B Therapy

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Acquired melanocytic nevi (AMN) have been reported to undergo morphological and dermoscopic changes following exposure to narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) radiation. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To study the morphological, dermoscopic and immunohistochemical changes in AMN following NB-UVB radiation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Suberythemogenic NB-UVB sessions were delivered to 40 patients with AMN. For each patient, a minimum of 2 nevi were selected. One nevus was surgically removed from each patient prior to sessions as control; for the other nevus, dermoscopic images were captured before and after NB-UVB sessions. The images were evaluated for changes. At the end, another nevus was surgically removed for immunohistochemical assessment of Ki-67 and melan-A. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Our study showed a statistically significant increase in the size of AMN following NB-UVB radiation. Benign dermoscopic changes were observed. Statistically significant positive correlations were found between some dermoscopic findings and the total cumulative dose of NB-UVB. Immunohistochemical analysis did not show any significant change in the exposed AMN. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> AMN irradiated with repeated suberythemogenic doses of NB-UVB showed benign morphological and dermoscopic changes, and this was confirmed by our immunohistochemical study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129821.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Predictors of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Responses to Growth Hormone Replacement in Young Adults with Growth Hormone Deficiency

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Physiological growth hormone (GH) secretion and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels are greater in young compared to older adults. We evaluated IGF-I levels and predictors of IGF-I responses in young adults on GH replacement. <b><i>Design:</i></b> From the KIMS database, 310 young adults (age 15-26 years) with severe GH deficiency related to childhood-onset disease and commenced on ‘adult GH replacement' were identified. ‘IGF-I responses' were estimated from first-year increments in IGF-I standard deviation scores (SDS) and adjusted for GH dose. Body composition was assessed by bioimpedance in 143 patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> IGF-I levels increased markedly from baseline to 1 year of replacement (-3.75 ± 1.94 vs. -1.36 ± 1.86 SDS, p &lt; 0.0001), but remained low compared to normative data despite dose titration. In multivariate models, IGF-I responses were positively associated with age [B (SE) SDS/(mg/m<sup>2</sup>); 0.52 (0.15), p = 0.0007] and BMI SDS [1.06 (0.25), p &lt; 0.0001] and inversely associated with female gender [-4.45 (0.79), p &lt; 0.0001] and baseline IGF-I SDS [-1.44 (0.20), p &lt; 0.0001]. IGF-I responses were positively associated with first-year increases in lean body mass (r = 0.19, p = 0.003) and haemoglobin A1c (r = 0.15, p = 0.031). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Low IGF-I levels in young adults on treatment may reflect suboptimal GH replacement. Identification of predictors for IGF-I responses could lead to a more appropriate replacement strategy. Association between IGF-I responses and lean body mass suggests that maintaining age-appropriate IGF-I levels is important during therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129806
title: Supplementary Material for: Screening for Language Disorders in Stroke: German Validation of the Language Screening Test (LAST)

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Screening of aphasia in acute stroke is crucial for directing patients to early language therapy. The Language Screening Test (LAST), originally developed in French, is a validated language screening test that allows detection of a language deficit within a few minutes. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate two parallel German versions of the LAST. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The LAST includes subtests for naming, repetition, automatic speech, and comprehension. For the translation into German, task constructs and psycholinguistic criteria for item selection were identical to the French LAST. A cohort of 101 stroke patients were tested, all of whom were native German speakers. Validation of the LAST was based on (1) analysis of equivalence of the German versions, which was established by administering both versions successively in a subset of patients, (2) internal validity by means of internal consistency analysis, and (3) external validity by comparison with the short version of the Token Test in another subset of patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The two German versions were equivalent as demonstrated by a high intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.91. Furthermore, an acceptable internal structure of the LAST was found (Cronbach's α = 0.74). A highly significant correlation (r = 0.74, p &lt; 0.0001) between the LAST and the short version of the Token Test indicated good external validity of the scale. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The German version of the LAST, available in two parallel versions, is a new and valid language screening test in stroke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129818.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The Impact of Mild Cognitive Impairment on Gait and Balance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies Using Instrumented Assessment

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> In addition to cognitive deficits, people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can experience motor dysfunction, including deficits in gait and balance. Objective, instrumented motor performance assessment may allow the detection of subtle MCI-related motor deficits, allowing early diagnosis and intervention. Motor assessment under dual-task conditions may increase diagnostic accuracy; however, the sensitivity of different cognitive tasks is unclear. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To systematically review the extant literature focusing on instrumented assessment of gait and balance parameters for discriminating MCI patients from cognitively intact peers. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Database searches were conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria were: (1) clinically confirmed MCI; (2) instrumented measurement of gait and/or balance; (3) English language, and (4) reporting gait or balance parameters which could be included in a meta-analysis for discriminating between MCI patients and cognitively intact individuals based on weighted effect size (d). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and reported quantitative gait (n = 11) or postural balance (n = 4) parameters to be included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that several gait parameters including velocity (d = -0.74, p &lt; 0.01), stride length (d = -0.65, p &lt; 0.01), and stride time (mean: d = 0.56, p = 0.02; coefficient of variation: d = 0.50, p &lt; 0.01) discriminated best between MCI and healthy controls under single-task conditions. Importantly, dual-task assessment increased the discriminative power of gait variables wherein gait variables with counting tasks appeared to be more sensitive (range d = 0.84-1.35) compared to verbal fluency tasks such as animal naming (range d = 0.65-0.94). Balance parameters identified as significant discriminators were anterior-posterior (d = 0.49, p &lt; 0.01) and mediolateral (d = -0.34, p = 0.04) sway position in the eyes-open condition but not eyes-closed condition. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Existing studies provide evidence that MCI affects specific<b> </b>gait parameters. MCI-related gait changes were most pronounced when subjects are challenged cognitively (i.e., dual task), suggesting that gait assessment with an additional cognitive task is useful for diagnosis and outcome analysis in the target population. Static balance seems to also be affected by MCI, although limited evidence exists. Instrumented motor assessment could provide a critical opportunity for MCI diagnosis and tailored intervention targeting specific deficits and potentially slowing progression to dementia. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129803
title: Supplementary Material for: The Clinical Stages of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with Met/Met Genotype in Korean Patients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Clinical diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is currently based on changes occurring in the late disease stages, which limits early-stage detection. Therefore, we investigated the disease course from the vague symptomatic to the terminal phase. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively reviewed 36 sCJD patient records, classifying the disease progression into 4 stages based on clinical manifestations: vague symptomatic, possible CJD, probable CJD and chronic vegetative state. We analyzed findings from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), electroencephalography (EEG) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 14-3-3 protein testing performed at each stage. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In stage 1, the most distinctive feature was DWI hyperintensities in the neocortex, even with negative CSF 14-3-3 protein and EEG results. In stage 2, DWI hyperintensities in the limbic cortex were more remarkable. CSF 14-3-3 protein testing yielded positive results in &gt;80% of patients; EEG showed sensitivity in &lt;30% of patients. With progression toward stage 3, DWI hyperintensities in the subcortical nucleus increased, with a sustained higher rate of hyperintensities in the limbic and neocortical regions. With gradual progression to stage 4, the sensitivity of CSF 14-3-3 protein testing and EEG decreased and increased, respectively within limited data. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Understanding disease stage-dependent differences in clinical symptoms and laboratory test results will facilitate early and accurate diagnosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129797
title: Supplementary Material for: The Incidence of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. Epidemiological studies on the incidence of PD are important to better understand the risk factors for PD and determine the condition's natural history. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the incidence of PD and its variation by age and gender. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for epidemiologic studies of PD from 2001 to 2014, as a previously published systematic review included studies published until 2001. Data were analyzed separately for age group and gender, and meta-regression was used to determine whether a significant difference was present between groups. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty-seven studies were included in the analysis. Meta-analysis of international studies showed rising incidence with age in both men and women. Significant heterogeneity was observed in the 80+ group, which may be explained by methodological differences between studies. While males had a higher incidence of PD in all age groups, this difference was only statistically significant for those in the age range 60-69 and 70-79 (p &lt; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> PD incidence generally increases with age, although it may stabilize in those who are 80+.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129800
title: Supplementary Material for: Estimated GFR and Mortality in Older Men: Are All eGFR Formulae Equal?

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Recently, the first estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) formula specifically developed for community-dwelling older adults, the Berlin Initiative Study Equation 2 (BIS2), was reported. To date, however, no study has examined the performance of the BIS2 to predict death in older adults as compared to equations used clinically and in research. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We prospectively followed 2,994 community-dwelling men (age 76.4 ± 5.6) enrolled in the MrOS Sleep Study. We calculated baseline eGFR from serum creatinine and cystatin-C using the BIS2, Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI<sub>cr,cysc</sub>), CKD-EPI<sub>cysc</sub> and CKD-EPI<sub>cr</sub> equations. Analyses included Cox-proportional hazards regression and net reclassification improvement (NRI) for the outcomes of all-cause and cardiovascular death. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Follow-up time was 7.3 ± 1.9 years. By BIS2, 42 and 11% had eGFR &lt;60 and &lt;45, respectively, compared to CKD-EPI<sub>cr</sub> (23 and 6%), CKD-EPI<sub>cysc</sub> (36 and 13%) and CKD-EPI<sub>cr,cysc</sub> (28 and 8%). BIS2 eGFR &lt;45 was associated with twofold higher rate of all-cause mortality when compared to eGFR ≥75 after multivariate adjustment (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5-2.8). Results were similar for CKD-EPI<sub>cr,cysc</sub> &lt;45 (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.6-2.7) and CKD-EPI<sub>cysc</sub> &lt;45 (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.7-2.7) and weaker for CKD-EPI<sub>cr</sub> &lt;45 (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-2.0). In NRI analyses, when compared to CKD-EPI<sub>cr,cysc</sub>, both BIS2 and CKD-EPI<sub>cr</sub> equations more often misclassified participants with respect to mortality. We found similar results for cardiovascular death. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The BIS2 did not outperform and the CKD-EPI<sub>cr</sub> was inferior to the cystatin C-based CKD-EPI equations to predict death in this cohort of older men. Thus, the cystatin C-based CKD-EPI equations are the formulae of choice to predict death in community-dwelling older men.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129803.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: The Clinical Stages of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with Met/Met Genotype in Korean Patients

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Clinical diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is currently based on changes occurring in the late disease stages, which limits early-stage detection. Therefore, we investigated the disease course from the vague symptomatic to the terminal phase. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively reviewed 36 sCJD patient records, classifying the disease progression into 4 stages based on clinical manifestations: vague symptomatic, possible CJD, probable CJD and chronic vegetative state. We analyzed findings from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), electroencephalography (EEG) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 14-3-3 protein testing performed at each stage. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In stage 1, the most distinctive feature was DWI hyperintensities in the neocortex, even with negative CSF 14-3-3 protein and EEG results. In stage 2, DWI hyperintensities in the limbic cortex were more remarkable. CSF 14-3-3 protein testing yielded positive results in &gt;80% of patients; EEG showed sensitivity in &lt;30% of patients. With progression toward stage 3, DWI hyperintensities in the subcortical nucleus increased, with a sustained higher rate of hyperintensities in the limbic and neocortical regions. With gradual progression to stage 4, the sensitivity of CSF 14-3-3 protein testing and EEG decreased and increased, respectively within limited data. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Understanding disease stage-dependent differences in clinical symptoms and laboratory test results will facilitate early and accurate diagnosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129806.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Screening for Language Disorders in Stroke: German Validation of the Language Screening Test (LAST)

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Screening of aphasia in acute stroke is crucial for directing patients to early language therapy. The Language Screening Test (LAST), originally developed in French, is a validated language screening test that allows detection of a language deficit within a few minutes. The aim of the present study was to develop and validate two parallel German versions of the LAST. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The LAST includes subtests for naming, repetition, automatic speech, and comprehension. For the translation into German, task constructs and psycholinguistic criteria for item selection were identical to the French LAST. A cohort of 101 stroke patients were tested, all of whom were native German speakers. Validation of the LAST was based on (1) analysis of equivalence of the German versions, which was established by administering both versions successively in a subset of patients, (2) internal validity by means of internal consistency analysis, and (3) external validity by comparison with the short version of the Token Test in another subset of patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The two German versions were equivalent as demonstrated by a high intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.91. Furthermore, an acceptable internal structure of the LAST was found (Cronbach's α = 0.74). A highly significant correlation (r = 0.74, p &lt; 0.0001) between the LAST and the short version of the Token Test indicated good external validity of the scale. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The German version of the LAST, available in two parallel versions, is a new and valid language screening test in stroke.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129791
title: Supplementary Material for: RASopathies: Presentation at the Genome, Interactome, and Phenome Levels

description: Clinical symptoms often reflect molecular correlations between mutated proteins. Alignment between interactome and phenome levels reveals new disease genes and connections between previously unrelated diseases. Despite a great potential for novel discoveries, this approach is still rarely used in genomics. In the present study, we analyzed the data of 6 syndromes belonging to the RASopathy class of disorders (RASopathies) and presented them as a model to study associations between genome, interactome, and phenome levels. Causative genes and clinical symptoms were collected from OMIM and NCBI GeneReviews databases for 6 syndromes: Noonan, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, neurofibromatosis type 1, cardiofaciocutaneous, and Legius and Costello syndrome. The STRING tool was used for the identification of protein interactions. Six RASopathy syndromes were found to be associated with 12 causative genes. We constructed an interactome of RASopathy proteins and their neighbors and developed a database of 328 clinical symptoms. The collected data was presented at genome, interactome, and phenome levels and as an integrated network of all 3 data types. The present study provides a baseline for future studies of associations between interactome and phenome in RASopathies and could serve as a novel approach to analyze phenotypically and genetically related diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129785
title: Supplementary Material for: Chronic Urticaria in Returning Travellers: The Role of Anthelmintic Treatment

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Chronic urticaria often poses a therapeutic challenge. The human immune response to helminths has a high degree of similarity to an allergic response in terms of skin manifestations, eosinophilia, and IgE elevation. Unfortunately, it is often complicated to diagnose such infections. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We sought to assess the effect of empirical anthelmintic treatment among returning travellers diagnosed with chronic urticaria, without clear proof of helminthic infection. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective case series of 19 returning travellers with chronic urticaria. All patients were treated with anthelmintic treatment given based on clinical suspicion only. A randomly selected control group of 20 patients with chronic urticaria, with no history of travel, was also enrolled. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A positive clinical response was reported in 68.4% (13 patients) of the travellers' group within 3 months after treatment with anthelmintic therapy compared with 10% (2 patients) of chronic urticaria patients in the control group. No adverse effects from treatment were recorded. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In patients with chronic urticaria, travel history to developing countries must be obtained. Empiric anthelmintic therapy might be beneficial, even in the absence of findings suggestive of helminthic infection.