cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27620282.v1
title: Assessment of the use of biochar from the slow pyrolysis of walnut and almond shells as an energy carrier

description: This study explores the energy applications and combustion kinetics of biochar produced from walnut and almond shells through pyrolysis. Using macro-thermogravimetric analysis at heating rates of 10, 15, and 20 K min<sup>−1</sup>, a multi-step mechanism involving two parallel reactions was used to model thermal decomposition. Bioenergy indices revealed that walnut shell-based biochar (WSB) produced at 773 K and 873 K displayed superior biofuel potential due to its high energy density and low ash content, while almond shell-based biochar (ASB) at 673 K demonstrated the best overall bioenergy performance. Among the tested heating rates, 15 K min<sup>−1</sup> provided optimal results for ignition, combustion, and burnout indices, with WSB showing the highest overall combustion performance. Kinetic analysis using the Coats-Redfern method demonstrated the highest R<sup>2</sup> values and minimized RMSE and SSE. The activation energy for the first pseudo-component ranged from 54.91 to 129.84 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> for ASB and from 61.71 to 141.85 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> for WSB. For the second pseudo-component, the activation energy ranged from 25.21 to 159.32 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> for ASB and 25.63 to 96.25 kJ mol<sup>−1</sup> for WSB. These findings emphasize the potential of WSB and ASB biochar for bioenergy applications, with WSB exhibiting the best combustion characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24988151.v1
title: Activation of hydrochar derived from food waste via hydrothermal carbonization for Cu(II) adsorption

description: Currently, heavy metal pollution is a challenge that needs to be solved urgently, and there is a broad prospect for food waste(FW) utilization. In this paper, activated hydrochar (AHC) made from FW according to actual proportion was produced by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and activated with K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. The effects of the AHC on Cu(II) adsorption were investigated using static adsorption experiments. The results indicated that the sample fabricated at 160°C (FW-160) for 6 h had the best adsorption performance with the maximum adsorption amount of Cu(II) (36.77 mg/g). The oxygenated functional group on the surface of FW-160 was observed. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the experimental results better, which proved that chemisorption was the main adsorption mechanism, and the surface complexations, including oxygenated functional groups, were the predominant factors in hydrochar(HC) sorption for Cu(II). The adsorption amount of the sample simulating rotten FW with Aspergillus niger (FW-160A) was 24.82 mg/g. Through the HTC process, the rotten FW can be made into heavy metal absorbents which can be stored for long term, and finally realize the reduction of volume and cost of storage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24988151
title: Activation of hydrochar derived from food waste via hydrothermal carbonization for Cu(II) adsorption

description: Currently, heavy metal pollution is a challenge that needs to be solved urgently, and there is a broad prospect for food waste(FW) utilization. In this paper, activated hydrochar (AHC) made from FW according to actual proportion was produced by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and activated with K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. The effects of the AHC on Cu(II) adsorption were investigated using static adsorption experiments. The results indicated that the sample fabricated at 160°C (FW-160) for 6 h had the best adsorption performance with the maximum adsorption amount of Cu(II) (36.77 mg/g). The oxygenated functional group on the surface of FW-160 was observed. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the experimental results better, which proved that chemisorption was the main adsorption mechanism, and the surface complexations, including oxygenated functional groups, were the predominant factors in hydrochar(HC) sorption for Cu(II). The adsorption amount of the sample simulating rotten FW with Aspergillus niger (FW-160A) was 24.82 mg/g. Through the HTC process, the rotten FW can be made into heavy metal absorbents which can be stored for long term, and finally realize the reduction of volume and cost of storage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27637913
title: Research on the stimulation mechanism of well shut-in imbibition and parameter optimization during fracturing-flooding

description: In the development of low-permeability tight oil reservoirs, fracturing-flooding technology, with its dual advantages of “fracture creation and energy replenishment, and displacement by imbibition,” effectively addresses challenges such as poor water injection and low oil recovery. However, the mechanism of oil-water migration within the reservoir and the enhanced oil recovery during the shut-in imbibition process remain unclear, and the construction parameters are primarily based on empirical data. In this study, focusing on the Y block in the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China, we conducted dynamic imbibition experiments and utilized nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology to analyze the key factors influencing imbibition-driven oil displacement and the microscopic oil-water migration mechanisms within the pore space. Numerical simulation was then employed to optimize the construction parameters for fracturing-flooding operations. The results indicate that displacement and imbibition primarily occur in medium-sized pores, while the poor connectivity of micro- and small-sized pores leads to suboptimal effects. The shut-in process provides favorable conditions for imbibition displacement, allowing oil in small and medium pores to be further displaced into fractures. The main factors affecting imbibition efficiency include core permeability (optimal range: 1.5 mD to 4 mD), fracture length (approximately 2/3 of the core length), fracturing-flooding fluid concentration (optimal around 0.2%), and shut-in time (optimal range: 24 to 48 hours). Based on production capacity simulations, the optimal construction parameters for the Y block include an injection rate of 1152 to 1440 m<sup>3</sup>/min, a total injection volume of 20,000 to 25,000 m<sup>3</sup>, and a shut-in time of 30 to 45 days. The application of these optimized parameters resulted in an increase in the average daily oil production in the Y block from 4.4 tons to 7.7 tons, demonstrating a significant enhancement in reservoir productivity and oil recovery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27637913.v1
title: Research on the stimulation mechanism of well shut-in imbibition and parameter optimization during fracturing-flooding

description: In the development of low-permeability tight oil reservoirs, fracturing-flooding technology, with its dual advantages of “fracture creation and energy replenishment, and displacement by imbibition,” effectively addresses challenges such as poor water injection and low oil recovery. However, the mechanism of oil-water migration within the reservoir and the enhanced oil recovery during the shut-in imbibition process remain unclear, and the construction parameters are primarily based on empirical data. In this study, focusing on the Y block in the Bohai Bay Basin, eastern China, we conducted dynamic imbibition experiments and utilized nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology to analyze the key factors influencing imbibition-driven oil displacement and the microscopic oil-water migration mechanisms within the pore space. Numerical simulation was then employed to optimize the construction parameters for fracturing-flooding operations. The results indicate that displacement and imbibition primarily occur in medium-sized pores, while the poor connectivity of micro- and small-sized pores leads to suboptimal effects. The shut-in process provides favorable conditions for imbibition displacement, allowing oil in small and medium pores to be further displaced into fractures. The main factors affecting imbibition efficiency include core permeability (optimal range: 1.5 mD to 4 mD), fracture length (approximately 2/3 of the core length), fracturing-flooding fluid concentration (optimal around 0.2%), and shut-in time (optimal range: 24 to 48 hours). Based on production capacity simulations, the optimal construction parameters for the Y block include an injection rate of 1152 to 1440 m<sup>3</sup>/min, a total injection volume of 20,000 to 25,000 m<sup>3</sup>, and a shut-in time of 30 to 45 days. The application of these optimized parameters resulted in an increase in the average daily oil production in the Y block from 4.4 tons to 7.7 tons, demonstrating a significant enhancement in reservoir productivity and oil recovery.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18601171
title: JEPEX Quantum Audit 2026 (v2.2): Depth Feasibility Limits and Utility Classification for NISQ Hardware
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18598565
title: JEPEX Quantum Audit 2026 (v2.2): Depth Feasibility Limits and Utility Classification for NISQ Hardware
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26936052
title: Charging station placement optimization based on the location significance prediction

description: One of the key challenges in charging infrastructure planning is ensuring optimal charging station placement. To address this issue, we introduce a novel approach to optimize the placement of electric vehicle charging stations, integrating a novel location-based charging station significance prediction model with a lion optimization algorithm (LOA) where the significance is defined as the combination of charging energy and the number of sessions. First, the data recorded on the existing charging stations are analyzed and preprocessed. Subsequently, we introduced the modified support vector regression (SVR) model for significance prediction and compared it with eight existing models showing its superiority over others. The SVR modification is related to the kernel function, where the standard Gaussian kernel is adapted to better suit location-based significance predictions. Following this, we utilize LOA to optimize the placement of additional charging stations in established charging infrastructure based on the prediction model trained on data congregated at the existing charging stations. The optimization is conducted for Zagreb and Split to evaluate the performance on small and large datasets. The results are assessed using significance prediction and pseudo-simulation. The new charging stations in Zagreb have a significance prediction of 10.53% greater than the calculated significance of existing charging stations. Furthermore, the significance prediction for new stations in Split is 0.42% greater than the calculated significance for existing stations. Pseudo-simulation proves that new charging stations have 38.15% greater significance than the existing stations in Zagreb and 31.24% in Split. Both methods confirm that infrastructure significance, in terms of charging energy and session count, is improved.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26936052.v1
title: Charging station placement optimization based on the location significance prediction

description: One of the key challenges in charging infrastructure planning is ensuring optimal charging station placement. To address this issue, we introduce a novel approach to optimize the placement of electric vehicle charging stations, integrating a novel location-based charging station significance prediction model with a lion optimization algorithm (LOA) where the significance is defined as the combination of charging energy and the number of sessions. First, the data recorded on the existing charging stations are analyzed and preprocessed. Subsequently, we introduced the modified support vector regression (SVR) model for significance prediction and compared it with eight existing models showing its superiority over others. The SVR modification is related to the kernel function, where the standard Gaussian kernel is adapted to better suit location-based significance predictions. Following this, we utilize LOA to optimize the placement of additional charging stations in established charging infrastructure based on the prediction model trained on data congregated at the existing charging stations. The optimization is conducted for Zagreb and Split to evaluate the performance on small and large datasets. The results are assessed using significance prediction and pseudo-simulation. The new charging stations in Zagreb have a significance prediction of 10.53% greater than the calculated significance of existing charging stations. Furthermore, the significance prediction for new stations in Split is 0.42% greater than the calculated significance for existing stations. Pseudo-simulation proves that new charging stations have 38.15% greater significance than the existing stations in Zagreb and 31.24% in Split. Both methods confirm that infrastructure significance, in terms of charging energy and session count, is improved.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25046620
title: Numerical simulation and experimental study of new design of PV/T as desalination units

description: Other researchers have examined alternative methods for desalinating water in arid regions, focusing specifically on the utilization of solar energy due to its abundance and lack of negative environmental impact. Desalination is one of the many applications of solar energy, and this study proposes a novel approach that employs solar radiation to evaporate brackish and saltwater. By harnessing the heat generated by incident solar radiation on photovoltaic panels, water is able to evaporate under-controlled conditions. This paper is divided into two main sections: the first involves conducting experiments in the laboratory of Najaf Engineering Technical College, while the second entails the numerical simulation of proposed models using COMSOL Multiphysics V. 6.1 software. Previous research has demonstrated the use of heat produced on the back surface of solar cells to generate distilled water by passing non-potable water through a cotton wick attached to the back surface. The new design of the solar active photovoltaic distiller incorporates a solar photovoltaic, wick, and Peltier device. In this study, the Peltier device was employed to enhance the evaporation and condensation processes, resulting in a solar still that integrates the distillation system with the solar panel, thereby increasing productivity per unit area. The experimental and numerical results indicate that model 02 achieves a productivity of 0.827 kg/m<sup>2</sup> h, and 0.907 kg/m<sup>2</sup> h for flow rates of 2 mL/min and 4 mL/min, respectively. Model 02, which incorporates a Peltier device within a glass container, demonstrates higher productivity across all experimental days, with a maximum daily cumulative productivity of 4355.3 g. Furthermore, model 02 exhibits higher temperatures compared to other modules, with a maximum average back sheet temperature of 78°C in March and a minimum of 55°C.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25046620.v1
title: Numerical simulation and experimental study of new design of PV/T as desalination units

description: Other researchers have examined alternative methods for desalinating water in arid regions, focusing specifically on the utilization of solar energy due to its abundance and lack of negative environmental impact. Desalination is one of the many applications of solar energy, and this study proposes a novel approach that employs solar radiation to evaporate brackish and saltwater. By harnessing the heat generated by incident solar radiation on photovoltaic panels, water is able to evaporate under-controlled conditions. This paper is divided into two main sections: the first involves conducting experiments in the laboratory of Najaf Engineering Technical College, while the second entails the numerical simulation of proposed models using COMSOL Multiphysics V. 6.1 software. Previous research has demonstrated the use of heat produced on the back surface of solar cells to generate distilled water by passing non-potable water through a cotton wick attached to the back surface. The new design of the solar active photovoltaic distiller incorporates a solar photovoltaic, wick, and Peltier device. In this study, the Peltier device was employed to enhance the evaporation and condensation processes, resulting in a solar still that integrates the distillation system with the solar panel, thereby increasing productivity per unit area. The experimental and numerical results indicate that model 02 achieves a productivity of 0.827 kg/m<sup>2</sup> h, and 0.907 kg/m<sup>2</sup> h for flow rates of 2 mL/min and 4 mL/min, respectively. Model 02, which incorporates a Peltier device within a glass container, demonstrates higher productivity across all experimental days, with a maximum daily cumulative productivity of 4355.3 g. Furthermore, model 02 exhibits higher temperatures compared to other modules, with a maximum average back sheet temperature of 78°C in March and a minimum of 55°C.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26376020
title: Preparation of glass-ceramics via co-sintering of coal fly ash and metastable slag

description: Coal fly ash (CFA) was used as the main object of study to prepare ash microcrystalline glass by co-sintering with metastable slag (MS) using its strong crystallization ability and sintering activity at low and medium temperatures. The effects of different material ratios on the crystalline phase composition and properties of the microcrystalline glass were discussed using various physical and chemical analysis methods in combination with mechanical properties tests. The results show that the compressive strength, density, chemical resistance and sintering densities of ash microcrystalline glass gradually increase with the increase of sintering temperature and the proportion of metastable slag. The compressive strength of the prepared ash microcrystalline glass can meet the requirements of GB/T19766–2016 “Natural Marble Building Panel” (≥50 MPa) when the addition amount of fly ash is 10–40% and the sintering temperature is 850–1085°C; among them, the chemical corrosion resistance of the prepared product meets the industrial requirements when the addition amount of fly ash is 10–30% and the sintering temperature is 940°C (acid loss rate ≤ 96%, alkali loss rate ≤ 98%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26376020.v1
title: Preparation of glass-ceramics via co-sintering of coal fly ash and metastable slag

description: Coal fly ash (CFA) was used as the main object of study to prepare ash microcrystalline glass by co-sintering with metastable slag (MS) using its strong crystallization ability and sintering activity at low and medium temperatures. The effects of different material ratios on the crystalline phase composition and properties of the microcrystalline glass were discussed using various physical and chemical analysis methods in combination with mechanical properties tests. The results show that the compressive strength, density, chemical resistance and sintering densities of ash microcrystalline glass gradually increase with the increase of sintering temperature and the proportion of metastable slag. The compressive strength of the prepared ash microcrystalline glass can meet the requirements of GB/T19766–2016 “Natural Marble Building Panel” (≥50 MPa) when the addition amount of fly ash is 10–40% and the sintering temperature is 850–1085°C; among them, the chemical corrosion resistance of the prepared product meets the industrial requirements when the addition amount of fly ash is 10–30% and the sintering temperature is 940°C (acid loss rate ≤ 96%, alkali loss rate ≤ 98%).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26413339
title: Experimental investigations for enhancing the performance of hemispherical cavity receivers using additively manufactured heat exchangers

description: This research explores a pioneering approach in cavity-type solar parabolic dish collector technology (SPDCT) by introducing a novel, additive-manufactured thermally conductive polymer composite heat exchanger over a modified hemispherical cavity receiver for heat recovery applications. This manuscript investigates the performance of innovative configuration of SPDC for Wardha (442001), Maharashtra State (027), INDIA, 20.75° N, 78.65° E, modifying the traditional setup by employing copper coil with different arrangements. The unique aspect of this research lies in the implementation of a hemispherical cavity receiver with preheating water arrangement by installing a thermally conductive polymer composite (TCPC) heat exchanger developed with compositions TPU/MWCNT/GNP of 93/3.5/3.5 by wt.% using an additive manufacturing technique, a strategy not previously explored in the existing literature. A computational study (steady state thermal analysis) conducted using ANSYS Student Version <i>R2023</i> revealed substantial heat availability over the receiver’s top exterior, forming the basis for the experimental tests. Under different test conditions, the highest thermal efficiency improvement reached to 10.91%. This paper contributes novel ideas to the field, emphasizing the potential of additive-manufactured thermally conductive polymer heat exchangers to increase the performance of solar parabolic dish collector systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26413339.v1
title: Experimental investigations for enhancing the performance of hemispherical cavity receivers using additively manufactured heat exchangers

description: This research explores a pioneering approach in cavity-type solar parabolic dish collector technology (SPDCT) by introducing a novel, additive-manufactured thermally conductive polymer composite heat exchanger over a modified hemispherical cavity receiver for heat recovery applications. This manuscript investigates the performance of innovative configuration of SPDC for Wardha (442001), Maharashtra State (027), INDIA, 20.75° N, 78.65° E, modifying the traditional setup by employing copper coil with different arrangements. The unique aspect of this research lies in the implementation of a hemispherical cavity receiver with preheating water arrangement by installing a thermally conductive polymer composite (TCPC) heat exchanger developed with compositions TPU/MWCNT/GNP of 93/3.5/3.5 by wt.% using an additive manufacturing technique, a strategy not previously explored in the existing literature. A computational study (steady state thermal analysis) conducted using ANSYS Student Version <i>R2023</i> revealed substantial heat availability over the receiver’s top exterior, forming the basis for the experimental tests. Under different test conditions, the highest thermal efficiency improvement reached to 10.91%. This paper contributes novel ideas to the field, emphasizing the potential of additive-manufactured thermally conductive polymer heat exchangers to increase the performance of solar parabolic dish collector systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24744947
title: The thermal behavior during the co-combustion of bituminous coal and oil palm trunk hydrochars

description: Utilizing oil palm trunk (OPT) residue as a co-fuel in coal-fired plants offers an environmentally favorable solution to agricultural waste disposal and fossil fuel combustion impacts. This study investigates the potential of hydrochar from OPT (HTC-OPT) as a coal-like solid fuel for co-combustion. The combustion characteristics of coal, HTC-OPT, and their blends (10–50% HTC-OPT) were analyzed via thermogravimetric analysis with heating rates ranging from 10 to 30°C/min. The Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) models were employed to explore co-combustion interactions and kinetic parameters. Results reveal enhanced combustion efficiency with HTC-OPT addition to coal. Higher HTC-OPT ratios correlate with increased maximum combustion rates, ignition and comprehensive combustibility indices, and decreased ignition and burnout temperatures. Additionally, blended fuels exhibit a proportionally synergistic co-combustion interaction. Both KAS and FWO models indicate similar trends in activation energies, with the lowest values (49.94 kJ/mol for KAS and 60.90 kJ/mol for FWO) at a 10% HTC-OPT ratio.