cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290791.v1
title: The influence of protein malnutrition on the production of GM-CSF and M-CSF by macrophages

description: ABSTRACT It is well established that protein malnutrition (PM) impairs immune defenses and increases susceptibility to infection. Macrophages are cells that play a central role in innate immunity, constituting one of the first barriers against infections. Macrophages produce several soluble factors, including cytokines and growth factors, important to the immune response. Among those growth factors, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). GM-CSF and M-CSF are important to monocyte and macrophage development and stimulation of the immune response process. Knowing the importance of GM-CSF and M-CSF, we sought to investigate the influence of PM on macrophage production of these growth factors. Two-month-old male BALB/c mice were subjected to PM with a low-protein diet (2%) and compared to a control diet (12%) mouse group. Nutritional status, hemogram and the number of peritoneal cells were evaluated. Additionally, peritoneal macrophages were cultured and the production of GM-CSF and M-CSF and mRNA expression were evaluated. To determine if PM altered macrophage production of GM-CSF and M-CSF, they were stimulated with TNF-α. The PM animals had anemia, leukopenia and a reduced number of peritoneal cells. The production of M-CSF was not different between groups; however, cells from PM animals, stimulated with or without TNF-α, presented reduced capability to produce GM-CSF. These data imply that PM interferes with the production of GM-CSF, and consequently would affect the production and maturation of hematopoietic cells and the immune response.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290792
title: Use of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill extracts from Brazilian Caatinga as an alternative of natural moisturizer in cosmetic formulations

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work was the obtainment of Opuntia fícus-indica (L.) Mill extract for the development of cosmetic formulations and in vivo evaluation of its moisturizing effects. The formulations were tested for preliminary and accelerated stability. Organoleptic characteristics, pH values and rheological behavior were assessed. The evaluation of moisturizing efficacy of the emulsions formulated with 3.0% of Polyacrylamide (and) C13-14 Isoparaffin (and) Laureth-7 containing 1.0 and 3.0% of O. ficus-indica hydroglycolic extract (EHG001) was performed using the capacitance method (Corneometer(r)) and the transepidermal water loss - TEWL evaluation (Tewameter(r)). The emulsions formulated were stable, exhibiting pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior. The results of evaluation of moisturizing efficacy showed increased skin hydration after five hours by mainly increasing the skin barrier effect. The formulations containing 1.0 and 3.0% of EHG001 enhanced the skin barrier effect by reducing TEWL up to four hours after application. The results observed suggest that O. ficus-indica hydroglycolic extract may act through a humectant and occlusion mechanism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290792.v1
title: Use of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill extracts from Brazilian Caatinga as an alternative of natural moisturizer in cosmetic formulations

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this work was the obtainment of Opuntia fícus-indica (L.) Mill extract for the development of cosmetic formulations and in vivo evaluation of its moisturizing effects. The formulations were tested for preliminary and accelerated stability. Organoleptic characteristics, pH values and rheological behavior were assessed. The evaluation of moisturizing efficacy of the emulsions formulated with 3.0% of Polyacrylamide (and) C13-14 Isoparaffin (and) Laureth-7 containing 1.0 and 3.0% of O. ficus-indica hydroglycolic extract (EHG001) was performed using the capacitance method (Corneometer(r)) and the transepidermal water loss - TEWL evaluation (Tewameter(r)). The emulsions formulated were stable, exhibiting pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior. The results of evaluation of moisturizing efficacy showed increased skin hydration after five hours by mainly increasing the skin barrier effect. The formulations containing 1.0 and 3.0% of EHG001 enhanced the skin barrier effect by reducing TEWL up to four hours after application. The results observed suggest that O. ficus-indica hydroglycolic extract may act through a humectant and occlusion mechanism.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290794
title: Development and validation of a HPTLC method for analysis of Sunitinib malate

description: ABSTRACT A simple high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) has been developed and validated for determination of sunitinib malate and possible impurities. The samples were applied in forms of bands on an aluminum TLC plate pre-coated with silica gel and were separated using dichloromethane: methanol: toluene: ammonia solution as the mobile phase. Sunitinib malate was thoroughly separated from impurities including E-isomer, sunitinib N-oxide and impurity B with a retention factor (RF) of 0.35±0.02. Quantitative analysis of sunitinib was carried out using a mobile phase consisting of dichloromethane:methanol:ammonia solution, RF value was 0.53±0.02 for Z isomer. Detection was performed densitometrically in absorbance mode at 430 nm. This method was found to produce sharp, symmetrical, and well resolved peaks. Linear relationship with the coefficients of determination &gt; 0.99 was achieved over the concentration range of 27.34 to 437.5 ng/spot. This method provides robust, replicable and accurate results with acceptable sensitivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290791
title: The influence of protein malnutrition on the production of GM-CSF and M-CSF by macrophages

description: ABSTRACT It is well established that protein malnutrition (PM) impairs immune defenses and increases susceptibility to infection. Macrophages are cells that play a central role in innate immunity, constituting one of the first barriers against infections. Macrophages produce several soluble factors, including cytokines and growth factors, important to the immune response. Among those growth factors, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). GM-CSF and M-CSF are important to monocyte and macrophage development and stimulation of the immune response process. Knowing the importance of GM-CSF and M-CSF, we sought to investigate the influence of PM on macrophage production of these growth factors. Two-month-old male BALB/c mice were subjected to PM with a low-protein diet (2%) and compared to a control diet (12%) mouse group. Nutritional status, hemogram and the number of peritoneal cells were evaluated. Additionally, peritoneal macrophages were cultured and the production of GM-CSF and M-CSF and mRNA expression were evaluated. To determine if PM altered macrophage production of GM-CSF and M-CSF, they were stimulated with TNF-α. The PM animals had anemia, leukopenia and a reduced number of peritoneal cells. The production of M-CSF was not different between groups; however, cells from PM animals, stimulated with or without TNF-α, presented reduced capability to produce GM-CSF. These data imply that PM interferes with the production of GM-CSF, and consequently would affect the production and maturation of hematopoietic cells and the immune response.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862381
title: Effects of granule particle size and lubricant concentration on tablet hardness containing large concentration of polymers

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this research work is to demonstrate the impact of granule size and lubricant concentration on the hardness of tablets in formulations containing higher concentration of polymers and to resolve the hardness issue during compression process. The work involves optimization of a milling process for size reduction of granules and blending process to achieve tablets of good hardness on compression. To optimize the granule size, different sized co-mill screens were used. The different concentration of lubricant were studied on different sized granules to check the effect on hardness of tablets and to obtained the desired hardness of tablets. Compression of lubricated blend in various concentration was performed using the gravity feeder and force feeder separately to check the impact on the over lubrication effect. This ultimately leads to less hardness tablets. Lubricated blends were evaluated by performing the Bulk Density, Tapped Density, Hausner ratio and compressibility index tests. Tablets were evaluated for the physical characteristics like weight variation, hardness, thickness and dissolution. It has been conclude that on using the optimum granules size and lubricant concentration in formulation, all the downstream problems can be resolved and this in turn helps in compression of tablets and also provides the good hardness to the tablets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5666335.v1
title: Cost-effectiveness of insulin analogs from the perspective of the Brazilian public health system

description: ABSTRACT Human insulin is provided by the Brazilian Public Health System (BPHS) for the treatment of diabetes, however, legal proceedings to acquire insulin analogs have burdened the BPHS health system. The aim of this study was to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis to compare insulin analogs and human insulins. This is a pharmacoeconomic study of cost-effectiveness. The direct medical cost related to insulin extracted from the Ministry of Health drug price list was considered. The clinical results, i.e. reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were extracted by meta-analysis. Different scenarios were structured to measure the uncertainties regarding the costs and reduction in HbA1c. Decision tree was developed for sensitivity of Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). A total of fifteen scenarios were structured. Given the best-case scenario for the insulin analogs, the insulins aspart, lispro, glargine and detemir showed an ICER of R$ 1,768.59; R$ 3,308.54; R$ 11,718.75 and R$ 2,685.22, respectively. In all scenarios in which the minimum effectiveness was proposed, lispro, glargine and detemir were dominant strategies. Sensitivity analysis showed that the aspart had R$ 3,066.98 [95 % CI: 2339.22; 4418.53] and detemir had R$ 6,163.97 [95% CI: 3919.29; 11401.57] for incremental costs. We concluded there was evidence that the insulin aspart is the most cost-effective.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290796
title: Comparative study on morpho-anatomy of leaf, stem and root of Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Nyctaginaceae) and its adulterant plants

description: ABSTRACT Punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa L.- Nyctaginaceae) is a promising drug to rejuvenate new cells in the body. It is well known in Ayurvedic medicine and locally called Tambadivasu. Superficially it is similar to other species of Boerhaavia and species of Trianthema and Sesuvium. Due to the minute morphological differences, the above plants are erroneously used in medicine as Punarnava, and at times on purpose as an adulterant. Therefore, it is necessary to highlight the anatomical features of Punarnava for proper identification of the medicinal plant species for local people and for scientific research. Due to the ambiguity in local names and similar apparent appearance, market samples of Punarnava are often adulterated with various species of Trianthema and Sesuvium. These adulterated samples contain neither the Punarnavine alkaloid, nor does it possess anisocytic stomata but possess paracytic stomata. Comparative study of stem anatomy showed two main characteristic differences. First, plenty of starch grains can be seen in both the ground parenchymatous tissues present in between successive cambia and xylem parenchyma of Punarnava which is not observed in species of Trianthema, and second, the phloem around the xylem of Punarnava root has semi-circular or eccentric patches, while that of Trianthema only has narrow strips. This study is focused on comparative SEM study of leaf morphologies and anatomy of leaf, stem, and root of Boerhaavia diffusa L., Trianthema portulacastrum L. and Sesuvium portulacastrum L.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5666335
title: Cost-effectiveness of insulin analogs from the perspective of the Brazilian public health system

description: ABSTRACT Human insulin is provided by the Brazilian Public Health System (BPHS) for the treatment of diabetes, however, legal proceedings to acquire insulin analogs have burdened the BPHS health system. The aim of this study was to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis to compare insulin analogs and human insulins. This is a pharmacoeconomic study of cost-effectiveness. The direct medical cost related to insulin extracted from the Ministry of Health drug price list was considered. The clinical results, i.e. reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), were extracted by meta-analysis. Different scenarios were structured to measure the uncertainties regarding the costs and reduction in HbA1c. Decision tree was developed for sensitivity of Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER). A total of fifteen scenarios were structured. Given the best-case scenario for the insulin analogs, the insulins aspart, lispro, glargine and detemir showed an ICER of R$ 1,768.59; R$ 3,308.54; R$ 11,718.75 and R$ 2,685.22, respectively. In all scenarios in which the minimum effectiveness was proposed, lispro, glargine and detemir were dominant strategies. Sensitivity analysis showed that the aspart had R$ 3,066.98 [95 % CI: 2339.22; 4418.53] and detemir had R$ 6,163.97 [95% CI: 3919.29; 11401.57] for incremental costs. We concluded there was evidence that the insulin aspart is the most cost-effective.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862381.v1
title: Effects of granule particle size and lubricant concentration on tablet hardness containing large concentration of polymers

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this research work is to demonstrate the impact of granule size and lubricant concentration on the hardness of tablets in formulations containing higher concentration of polymers and to resolve the hardness issue during compression process. The work involves optimization of a milling process for size reduction of granules and blending process to achieve tablets of good hardness on compression. To optimize the granule size, different sized co-mill screens were used. The different concentration of lubricant were studied on different sized granules to check the effect on hardness of tablets and to obtained the desired hardness of tablets. Compression of lubricated blend in various concentration was performed using the gravity feeder and force feeder separately to check the impact on the over lubrication effect. This ultimately leads to less hardness tablets. Lubricated blends were evaluated by performing the Bulk Density, Tapped Density, Hausner ratio and compressibility index tests. Tablets were evaluated for the physical characteristics like weight variation, hardness, thickness and dissolution. It has been conclude that on using the optimum granules size and lubricant concentration in formulation, all the downstream problems can be resolved and this in turn helps in compression of tablets and also provides the good hardness to the tablets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290796.v1
title: Comparative study on morpho-anatomy of leaf, stem and root of Boerhaavia diffusa L. (Nyctaginaceae) and its adulterant plants

description: ABSTRACT Punarnava (Boerhaavia diffusa L.- Nyctaginaceae) is a promising drug to rejuvenate new cells in the body. It is well known in Ayurvedic medicine and locally called Tambadivasu. Superficially it is similar to other species of Boerhaavia and species of Trianthema and Sesuvium. Due to the minute morphological differences, the above plants are erroneously used in medicine as Punarnava, and at times on purpose as an adulterant. Therefore, it is necessary to highlight the anatomical features of Punarnava for proper identification of the medicinal plant species for local people and for scientific research. Due to the ambiguity in local names and similar apparent appearance, market samples of Punarnava are often adulterated with various species of Trianthema and Sesuvium. These adulterated samples contain neither the Punarnavine alkaloid, nor does it possess anisocytic stomata but possess paracytic stomata. Comparative study of stem anatomy showed two main characteristic differences. First, plenty of starch grains can be seen in both the ground parenchymatous tissues present in between successive cambia and xylem parenchyma of Punarnava which is not observed in species of Trianthema, and second, the phloem around the xylem of Punarnava root has semi-circular or eccentric patches, while that of Trianthema only has narrow strips. This study is focused on comparative SEM study of leaf morphologies and anatomy of leaf, stem, and root of Boerhaavia diffusa L., Trianthema portulacastrum L. and Sesuvium portulacastrum L.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290797
title: Simultaneous determination of abamectin homologs H 2 B 1a and H 2 B 1b in gel formulation by high performance liquid chromatography

description: ABSTRACT Abamectin is a drug with antiparasitic properties used in several pharmaceutical formulations. The objective of this research was to develop and validate a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for quantification of the two abamectin homologs (H2B1a and H2B1b) in gel formulation. This HPLC method was validated using a LichroCart(r) 100 RP-18 (125 x 4 mm, 5 µm) column. The mobile phase contained of acetonitrile and water (95:5 v/v) with 1% acetic acid. The flow rate was 1.0 mL min-1 and UV detection was performed at 245 nm. Mobile phase solutions were prepared containing a nominal concentration 185.2 µg mL-1 H2B1a and 9.6 µg mL-1 H2B1b. The method displayed good linearity in the concentration range of 148.1 - 222.3 µg mL-1 and 7.7 - 11.5 µg mL-1, for H2B1a and H2B1b, respectively, with a correlation coefficient of (r)&gt; 0.99 for both compounds, calculated by the least mean squares method. Detection limits (DLs) were 2.8 µg mL-1 and 1.2 µg mL-1 and quantitation limits (QLs) were 8.6 µg mL-1 and 3.8 µg mL-1, for H2B1a and H2B1b, respectively. The method is simple, economical and efficient for the quantitative determination of abamectin H2B1a and H2B1b homologs in pharmaceutical preparations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290797.v1
title: Simultaneous determination of abamectin homologs H 2 B 1a and H 2 B 1b in gel formulation by high performance liquid chromatography

description: ABSTRACT Abamectin is a drug with antiparasitic properties used in several pharmaceutical formulations. The objective of this research was to develop and validate a high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for quantification of the two abamectin homologs (H2B1a and H2B1b) in gel formulation. This HPLC method was validated using a LichroCart(r) 100 RP-18 (125 x 4 mm, 5 µm) column. The mobile phase contained of acetonitrile and water (95:5 v/v) with 1% acetic acid. The flow rate was 1.0 mL min-1 and UV detection was performed at 245 nm. Mobile phase solutions were prepared containing a nominal concentration 185.2 µg mL-1 H2B1a and 9.6 µg mL-1 H2B1b. The method displayed good linearity in the concentration range of 148.1 - 222.3 µg mL-1 and 7.7 - 11.5 µg mL-1, for H2B1a and H2B1b, respectively, with a correlation coefficient of (r)&gt; 0.99 for both compounds, calculated by the least mean squares method. Detection limits (DLs) were 2.8 µg mL-1 and 1.2 µg mL-1 and quantitation limits (QLs) were 8.6 µg mL-1 and 3.8 µg mL-1, for H2B1a and H2B1b, respectively. The method is simple, economical and efficient for the quantitative determination of abamectin H2B1a and H2B1b homologs in pharmaceutical preparations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290800
title: Salivary calcium and phosphate stability in different time and temperature storage

description: ABSTRACT The non-invasive collection and inexpensive nature of saliva has made it an attractive sample for use for diagnosis and research on several diseases. Storage circumstances may affect salivary component concentrations. The objective was to analyze calcium and phosphate stability in saliva samples stored at different conditions. Saliva of healthy people was stored and analyzed by spectrophotometry under different time and temperature conditions in order to evaluate calcium and phosphate stability. Calcium concentration was measured by Arsenazo III reaction at 600nm and phosphate by an acid-molybdate method at 650nm. Using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (k), we observed very good agreement (k&gt;0.8) for all samples frozen at -20 oC up to 50 days. Thaw/refreezing cycles can compromise phosphate stability even though there is good agreement (0.61
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290800.v1
title: Salivary calcium and phosphate stability in different time and temperature storage

description: ABSTRACT The non-invasive collection and inexpensive nature of saliva has made it an attractive sample for use for diagnosis and research on several diseases. Storage circumstances may affect salivary component concentrations. The objective was to analyze calcium and phosphate stability in saliva samples stored at different conditions. Saliva of healthy people was stored and analyzed by spectrophotometry under different time and temperature conditions in order to evaluate calcium and phosphate stability. Calcium concentration was measured by Arsenazo III reaction at 600nm and phosphate by an acid-molybdate method at 650nm. Using Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (k), we observed very good agreement (k&gt;0.8) for all samples frozen at -20 oC up to 50 days. Thaw/refreezing cycles can compromise phosphate stability even though there is good agreement (0.61
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5862375
title: 4-Nerolidylcatechol induces autophagy in human glioblastoma cells

description: ABSTRACT Gliomas account for the majority of primary malignant brain tumors and present invasive behavior into adjacent healthy tissue. While 4-NC had previously shown to induce apoptotic cell death in a melanoma model, for the glioma model described in this paper 4-NC is cytotoxic for the cells with the induction of the autophagic pathway. Trypan blue exclusion assay showed that 4-NC was cytotoxic in a dose-dependent manner for A172 and T98G cell lines. IC10 and IC50 values were at 32 µM and 41 µM for A172 and T98G respectively. Inhibition of cell proliferation was observed by total cell counts and by cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry, with cell cycle arrest of A172 and T98G cell lines respectively in the G1/G0 and S phases of the cell cycle. 4-NC induced up-regulation of autophagic pathways, as shown by immunoblotting for LC3-I/II, Real-Time PCR for ATG-7 and Beclin-1 genes, and by fluorescence microscopy observation of autophagic vacuoles in cells transfected with GFP-LC3 and electron microscopy. Glioma cells concomitantly treated with 4-NC and 3-MA, an inhibitor of the autophagic process, are more sensible to cell death, suggesting that autophagy protects the cells from the action of 4-NC.