DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15852706
title: Internal Short Circuits of Lithium-ion Cells by Needle Penetration

description: Experimental Data: Internal Short Circuits of Lithium-ion Cells by Needle Penetration
Associated with:

This dataset contains the experimental data of the conducted ISC tests that have been published in



Grabow, J., Klink, J., Orazov, N., Benger, R., Hauer, I., & Beck, H.-P. (2023). Triggering and Characterisation of Realistic Internal Short Circuits in Lithium-Ion Pouch Cells—A New Approach Using Precise Needle Penetration. Batteries, 9(10), 496. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9100496



Furthermore, the corresponding experiments have been part of the extensive PhD project



Grabow, J., Experimentelle Nachbildung von internen Kurzschlüssen in Lithium-Ionen-Pouchzellen mittels präziser Nadelpenetration (ger, transl: Experimental reproduction of internal short circuits in lithium-ion pouch cells using precise needle penetration). (2023). https://doi.org/10.21268/20231122-1



Authors:

Jens Grabow, Jacob Klink, Nury Orazov, Ralf Benger


Overview
This dataset includes the experimental data from internal short circuit (ISC) tests on lithium-ion pouch cells performed via controlled needle penetration. The data was used for the referenced publication and dissertation above.  







Data format: Apache Parquet for all numeric data tables.

Data organization: Each experiment is in its own subfolder (e.g. `1.1`, `1.2`, ...), each containing several Parquet files (see below).

Visualization: The voltage signals of each setup (0µm, 25µm, 100µm penetration after the first ISC) are given in the figures  VoltageSparklines_SOC100_x{?}.png  for quick overview of the experiments. 

Synchronization: For each experiment, the measurement files can be synchronized based on the index (Time) that is reset when the first ISC is measured. 




For experimental setup, instrumentation details, and procedures, see the referenced publication.  

The variable names/nomenclature have been harmonized with the article for easier linkage.
description: Data Structure



README.md

VoltageSparklines_SOC100_x0.png

VoltageSparklines_SOC100_x25.png

VoltageSparklines_SOC100_x100.png

data/

├── 1.1/

│   ├── VoltageForce.parquet

│   ├── Temperature.parquet

│   ├── Motorcontroller.parquet

│   └── DistanceGas.parquet

├── 1.2/

│   └── (same structure as above)

...

└── 3.6/

└── (same structure as above)

 

 


Data Description


The following tables provide an overview of the structure of the tabular datasets. All ranges and values are based on ID 1.1.

For each table, five entries after t=0s are provided. The sample rates given are taken from Table 3 of the referenced article. Please refer to the origin for detailed information such as manufacturer, model or accuracy.


1. VoltageForce.parquet
This file contains the measurements of the cell voltage and pressure force. The latter is measured by a load cell between the needle and step motor.



 

Columns






 
Column Name
Data Type
Unit
Example
Values/Range
Sample Rate




0
Time (index)
float64  
s
-1293.38
-1293.4 – 3356.5
500 Hz


1
U-Cell
float64  
V
4.17393
4.14557 – 4.174499
500 Hz


2
F
float64  
N
 5.04494
-93.2386 – 53.5903
500 Hz






2. Temperature.parquet

This file contains the temperature measurements, mainly of the cell surface. Please refer to Figure 2 of the referenced article for the placement of each temperature sensor.
Columns




 
Column Name
Data Type
Unit
Example
Values/Range
Sample Rate


0
Time (index)
float64  
s
-724.446
-724.4 – 3460.6
1 Hz


1
T-?
float64
°C
22.607
20.97 – 24.848
1 Hz





3. Motorcontroller.parquet

This file contains the readings of the motor controller utilized to control the step motor. Both the current set point and the actual position read from the internal motor sensor is logged. 
Columns




 
Column Name
Data Type
Unit
Example
Values/Range
Sample Rate


0
Time (index)
float64  
s
-582.504
-582.5 – 3356.3
10-25 Hz


1
X-setpoint
float64  
µm  
0
-478.7 – 521.3
10-25 Hz


2
X-feedback
float64  
µm  
0
-498.5 – 406.5
10-25 Hz





4. DistanceGas.parquet
This file contains the readings for the separate linear distance sensor to monitor the needle movement and the readout of the environmental sensor. As the sensor readout has been implemented based on the Adafruit_SGP30 library, please refer to the linked reference for further information. 

 



Columns




 
Column Name
Data Type
Unit
Example
Values/Range
Sample Rate


0
Time (index)
float64  
s
-582.703
-582.7 – 3365.0
1 Hz


1
X-measured
int64    
µm
0
-498 – 406
1 Hz


2
C-C02
int64    
ppm  
400
400 – 418
1 Hz


3
C-TVOC
int64    
ppm  
0
0 – 140
1 Hz


4
C-H2
int64    
ppm  
15808
15738 – 15822
1 Hz


5
C-Ethanol
int64    
ppm  
21266
21201 – 21951
1 Hz