cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.18739/a2dr2p911
title: Soil Temperature ARCSS grid Barrow, Alaska 2010

description: Soil Temperature measurements were taken on a 30 plot subset within the Arctic System Science (ARCSS) grid in Barrow, Alaska. Each measurement was taken on the north eastern most corner of each plot. The chosen subset was located from D2-D7 and H2-H7. The System Ecology Laboratory (SEL) Taylor Temperature Probe was used to take measurements at about a 10 cm depth at each plot.
DOI: 10.18739/a25717p3t
title: Collaborative Research: Toward a Circumarctic Lakes Observation Network (CALON)-- Multiscale observations of lacustrine systems

description: The scientific goals and methods that address the intellectual merits of the research are: (1) Expand on existing lake monitoring sites in northern Alaska by developing a network of regionally representative lakes along environmental gradients from which we will collect baseline data to assess current physical, chemical, and biological lake characteristics. This will allow the project scientists to make spatial and temporal comparisons to determine the impact of warmer temperatures, changing cloud cover and precipitation patterns, permafrost degradation, and direct human impacts on lakes; (2) Implement a multiscale (hierarchical) lake instrumentation scheme such that basic data is collected from 51 lakes, while a subset of lakes are more intensively instrumented; (3) Provide regional scaling and extrapolation of key metrics through calibration and validation of satellite imagery with ground measurements; and (4) Develop and implement standardized protocols to enable inter-site comparison and to prepare for expansion towards a pan-Arctic network. The education/outreach goals that address the broader impacts of the research outlined above are: (1) Incorporate indigenous observations of lake physical and biological characteristics and changes. Innovative interactive methods of sharing information will be developed and made available through native and local organizations. Scientific and technical training will be provided to Iñupiat students for monitoring lake and drinking water quality; (2) Develop a demonstration monitoring network based on the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) architecture and link this network to research centers, indigenous communities, and other power- and connectivity-challenged environments; (3) Develop and refine data management, visualization, and archiving activities with ACADIS; and (4) Provide an introduction to Arctic science for several beginning investigators. Funding Source: Arctic Observing Network (AON), Arctic System Science Program (ARCSS) Sponsors: - University of Cincinnati Main Campus, University Hall, Suite 530, Cincinnati, OH 45221 - University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 312 N 14th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588 - University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, West Ridge Research Bldg 008, Fairbanks, AK 99775 - Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Ave., Anchorage, AK 99508
DOI: 10.18739/a2ws8hm7v
title: Collaborative Research: Toward a Circumarctic Lakes Observation Network (CALON)-- Multiscale observations of lacustrine systems

description: The scientific goals and methods that address the intellectual merits of the research are: (1) Expand on existing lake monitoring sites in northern Alaska by developing a network of regionally representative lakes along environmental gradients from which we will collect baseline data to assess current physical, chemical, and biological lake characteristics. This will allow the project scientists to make spatial and temporal comparisons to determine the impact of warmer temperatures, changing cloud cover and precipitation patterns, permafrost degradation, and direct human impacts on lakes; (2) Implement a multiscale (hierarchical) lake instrumentation scheme such that basic data is collected from 51 lakes, while a subset of lakes are more intensively instrumented; (3) Provide regional scaling and extrapolation of key metrics through calibration and validation of satellite imagery with ground measurements; and (4) Develop and implement standardized protocols to enable inter-site comparison and to prepare for expansion towards a pan-Arctic network. The education/outreach goals that address the broader impacts of the research outlined above are: (1) Incorporate indigenous observations of lake physical and biological characteristics and changes. Innovative interactive methods of sharing information will be developed and made available through native and local organizations. Scientific and technical training will be provided to Iñupiat students for monitoring lake and drinking water quality; (2) Develop a demonstration monitoring network based on the Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) architecture and link this network to research centers, indigenous communities, and other power- and connectivity-challenged environments; (3) Develop and refine data management, visualization, and archiving activities with ACADIS; and (4) Provide an introduction to Arctic science for several beginning investigators. Funding Source: Arctic Observing Network (AON), Arctic System Science Program (ARCSS) Sponsors: - University of Cincinnati Main Campus, University Hall, Suite 530, Cincinnati, OH 45221 - University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 312 N 14th Street, Lincoln, NE 68588 - University of Alaska Fairbanks Campus, West Ridge Research Bldg 008, Fairbanks, AK 99775 - Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, 4210 University Ave., Anchorage, AK 99508
DOI: 10.18739/a2n873092
title: Collaborative Research: Turning on the lights - Photochemical and microbial processing of newly exposed carbon in arctic ecosystems

description: This project will investigate the fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released in increasing amounts to Arctic surface waters through such disturbances as fire, thermokarst failure, and thawing of permafrost. The investigators hypothesize that newly available soil carbon will be labile to photochemical and microbial attack, and will enhance the degradation of resident DOM in the system resulting in poorer quality DOM exported to the ocean. They plan to develop a mechanistic understanding of these processes by: (A) Determining how fast photochemical reactions and microbial processing will alter resident DOM and the newly-released DOM in surface waters, and (B) Measuring the fate of DOM in surface waters, either as CO2 released to the atmosphere or as organic carbon altered and transported to coastal oceans. This would be accomplished with a series of laboratory experiments to determine rates of photodegradation and microbial processing of DOM from different sources, and a series of landscape comparisons and sampling transects to characterize DOM degradation in small basins and large rivers extending 250-300 km from the headwaters to the Arctic Ocean. By integrating this process-based research with ongoing projects studying the formation of thermokarst failures and the impacts of burning on plant and soil carbon allocation, the investigators will address questions such as whether carbon export from tundra to oceans will rise or fall, how reactive is that exported carbon, and what will be the ultimate impact of impending disturbances, including climate change, on the net carbon balance of the Arctic and its interaction with the global carbon cycle. The investigators will work with several established programs at UNC and UM to (1) recruit women and minority student participation and research in this project specifically from Historically Black Colleges, (2) participate in a workshop on mentoring strategies for minorities, and (3) develop additional outreach activities, including talks to middle and high schools by the PIs, graduate, and undergraduate students. Presentation of data will coordinate with NSIDC and Arctic LTER data management.
DOI: 10.18739/a2cr5nd1s
title: Understanding the Wave-Driven Circulation and Variability of the Polar Atmosphere through Coordinated Observation, Analysis, and Modeling

description: The goal of this investigation is to understand the wave-driven circulation and variability of the polar atmosphere through an integrated study that combines satellite measurements, lidar measurements, meteorological analyses, and model simulations will be conducted. This study is an international collaboration between investigators at six institutions in Germany, Japan and the United States. An international network of four Rayleigh lidars located in observatories at Andoya, Norway (69°N, 16°E), Chatanika, Alaska (65°N, 147°W), Kangarlussuaq, Greenland (67°N, 51°W) and Kühlungsborn, Germany (54°N, 12°E) provide a chain of measurements from the eastern Arctic to the western Arctic under distinct synoptic regimes (i.e., the Arctic stratospheric vortex, the Aleutian anticyclone, the stratospheric surf-zone). The lidars will yield high-resolution temperature and density measurements that allow characterization of the planetary waves, tides, and gravity waves. The satellite observations yield synoptic-scale temperature measurements of the mesosphere and upper stratosphere while the meteorological soundings and analyses provide synoptic-scale measurements of the troposphere and lower stratosphere. We have three specific goals; i) to extend the scope of current Rayleigh lidar measurements to characterize a wider range of waves than previously measured ii) to combine lower-resolution global data from satellite observations and meteorological analyses with higher-resolution data from Arctic Rayleigh lidar systems to document both the synoptic conditions and wave activity. iii) to investigate the observed wave behavior using a comprehensive general circulation model to understand the wave mean-flow interactions. The proposed activity will provide a comprehensive analysis of the circulation of the Arctic atmosphere that will directly address the following specific studies; coupling and feedbacks between waves and large-scale circulation; the structure; evolution, and variability of polar vortices and anticyclones; links between the middle and lower atmosphere; and atmospheric tele-connections. The study will advance our understanding of wave mean-flow interactions both regionally and globally that is critical for understanding dynamical driving of the circulation and the evolution of the climate. This study will provide data and analyses in support of studies of ozone depletion, stratospheric climate, and long-range horizontal and vertical transport in the Arctic. The observations, analyses and results of this activity will contribute to the CAWSES, CEDAR, SEARCH, and SPARC programs.
DOI: 10.18739/a2804xk7b
title: RAPID: Impact of Large Scale Greenland Ice Sheet Melting on Glacier Hydrology and Meltwater Geochemistry

description: In 2012, multiple lines of evidence suggest a record release of freshwater from the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS), the largest expanse of glacial ice in the Northern Hemisphere and a major source of meltwater and associated material to the surrounding North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. Between July 8 and 12, satellite-derived estimates of surface melt increased from 40% to 97% of the ice sheet. This warming received widespread media attention and public interest, yet the scientific community lacks direct observations of meltwater controls on ice sheet movement and meltwater geochemistry for such a large-scale melting event. The overarching goal of this RAPID proposal is to quantify, in short order, the impact of a large-scale melting event on the ice sheet dynamics and meltwater biogeochemistry of a large, land-terminating glacier on the western Greenland margin. RAPID funds will enable the analysis and synthesis of a unique sample set collected during other fieldwork from the Leverett Glacier catchment, a large outlet glacier that discharges through a single proglacial river. Though the focus is on the 2012 episode, the investigators will also analyze samples and GrIS dynamics data from two field seasons (2011- 12), which will aid in interpretation of changes driven by the historic melting event owing to the highly contrasting annual freshwater discharge rates. The investigators will use time-series radiogenic (beryllium-7 and radon-222) and stable isotopes (oxygen and hydrogen), each with unique sources and constant production rates, from the Leverett glacier watershed to differentiate the fractions of meltwater sourced from recent surface snow, glacial ice and delayed flow meltwater. They will also investigate the composition and magnitude of nutrient and metal fluxes released from the subglacial environment and study how these fluxes evolved during July 2012. From 2011-12, parallel ice sheet geophysical data (GPS, satellite imagery) and meltwater biogeochemistry samples (carbon, macro- and micro-nutrients) have been collected by the PI and colleagues from universities in the United Kingdom. The proposed project will fully fund a Ph.D. student, and high school students and undergraduate interns will be recruited to assist with the laboratory aspect of the research. In order to increase the visibility of this project among the general public, the PI and student will co-author an article for the WHOI magazine Oceanus. This publication reaches a wide audience through both print- and web-based editions. Finally, the Ph.D. student will continue to report on the results of this study via an Expedition Blog called "Following the Ice" on Scientific American (http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/expeditions/tag/following-the-ice/).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26536390
title: Cleavage of SQSTM1/p62 by the Zika virus protease NS2B3 prevents autophagic degradation of viral NS3 and NS5 proteins

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy plays a crucial role in inhibiting viral replication and regulating the host’s immune response. The autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) restricts viral replication by directing specific viral proteins to phagophores for degradation. In this study, we investigate the reciprocal relationship between Zika virus (ZIKV) and selective autophagy mediated by SQSTM1/p62. We show that NS2B3 protease encoded by ZIKV cleaves human SQSTM1/p62 at arginine 265 (R265). This cleavage also occurs with endogenous SQSTM1 in ZIKV-infected cells. Furthermore, overexpression of SQSTM1 inhibits ZIKV replication in A549 cells, while its absence increases viral titer. We have also shown that SQSTM1 impedes ZIKV replication by interacting with NS3 and NS5 and directing them to autophagic degradation, and that NS2B3-mediated cleavage could potentially alter this antiviral function of SQSTM1. Taken together, our study highlights the role of SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy in the host’s antiviral defense against ZIKV and uncovers potential viral evasion strategies that exploit the host’s autophagic machinery to ensure successful infection. <b>Abbreviation:</b> Cas9: CRISPR-associated protein 9; Co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; CRISPR: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; DENV: dengue virus; GFP: green fluorescent protein; IFA: indirect immunofluorescence assay; KIR: KEAP1-interacting region; KO: knockout; LIR: MAP1LC3/LC3-interacting region; mAb: monoclonal antibody; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; OPTN: optineurin; pAb: polyclonal antibody; PB1: Phox/BEM1 domain; R265A, a SQSTM1 construct with the arginine (R) residue at position 265 replaced with glutamic acid (A); SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; SQSTM1-C, C-terminal fragment of SQSTM1; SQSTM1-N, N-terminal fragment of SQSTM1; SVV: Seneca Valley virus; TAX1BP1: Tax1 binding protein 1; TBD: TRAF6-binding domain; TCID<sub>50</sub>: 50% tissue culture infective dose; UBA: ubiquitin-associated domain; Ub: ubiquitin; WT: wild type; ZIKV: Zika virus; ZZ: ZZ-type zinc finger domain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26536390.v2
title: Cleavage of SQSTM1/p62 by the Zika virus protease NS2B3 prevents autophagic degradation of viral NS3 and NS5 proteins

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy plays a crucial role in inhibiting viral replication and regulating the host’s immune response. The autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) restricts viral replication by directing specific viral proteins to phagophores for degradation. In this study, we investigate the reciprocal relationship between Zika virus (ZIKV) and selective autophagy mediated by SQSTM1/p62. We show that NS2B3 protease encoded by ZIKV cleaves human SQSTM1/p62 at arginine 265 (R265). This cleavage also occurs with endogenous SQSTM1 in ZIKV-infected cells. Furthermore, overexpression of SQSTM1 inhibits ZIKV replication in A549 cells, while its absence increases viral titer. We have also shown that SQSTM1 impedes ZIKV replication by interacting with NS3 and NS5 and directing them to autophagic degradation, and that NS2B3-mediated cleavage could potentially alter this antiviral function of SQSTM1. Taken together, our study highlights the role of SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy in the host’s antiviral defense against ZIKV and uncovers potential viral evasion strategies that exploit the host’s autophagic machinery to ensure successful infection. <b>Abbreviation:</b> Cas9: CRISPR-associated protein 9; Co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; CRISPR: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; DENV: dengue virus; GFP: green fluorescent protein; IFA: indirect immunofluorescence assay; KIR: KEAP1-interacting region; KO: knockout; LIR: MAP1LC3/LC3-interacting region; mAb: monoclonal antibody; NBR1: NBR1 autophagy cargo receptor; OPTN: optineurin; pAb: polyclonal antibody; PB1: Phox/BEM1 domain; R265A, a SQSTM1 construct with the arginine (R) residue at position 265 replaced with glutamic acid (A); SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; SQSTM1-C, C-terminal fragment of SQSTM1; SQSTM1-N, N-terminal fragment of SQSTM1; SVV: Seneca Valley virus; TAX1BP1: Tax1 binding protein 1; TBD: TRAF6-binding domain; TCID<sub>50</sub>: 50% tissue culture infective dose; UBA: ubiquitin-associated domain; Ub: ubiquitin; WT: wild type; ZIKV: Zika virus; ZZ: ZZ-type zinc finger domain.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26536390.v1
title: Cleavage of SQSTM1/p62 by the zika virus protease NS2B3 prevents autophagic degradation of viral NS3 and NS5 proteins

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy plays a crucial role in inhibiting viral replication and regulating the host’s immune response. The autophagy receptor SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) restricts viral replication by directing specific viral proteins to phagophores for degradation. In this study, we investigate the reciprocal relationship between Zika virus (ZIKV) and selective autophagy mediated by SQSTM1/p62. We show that NS2B3 protease encoded by ZIKV cleaves human SQSTM1/p62 at arginine 265 (R265). This cleavage also occurs with endogenous SQSTM1 in ZIKV-infected cells. Furthermore, overexpression of SQSTM1 inhibits ZIKV replication in A549 cells, while its absence increases viral titer. We have also shown that SQSTM1 impedes ZIKV replication by interacting with NS3 and NS5 and directing them to autophagic degradation, and that NS2B3-mediated cleavage could potentially alter this antiviral function of SQSTM1. Taken together, our study highlights the role of SQSTM1-mediated selective autophagy in the host’s antiviral defense against ZIKV and uncovers potential viral evasion strategies that exploit the host’s autophagic machinery to ensure successful infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26536391
title: AP3B1 facilitates PDIA3/ERP57 function to regulate rabies virus glycoprotein selective degradation and viral entry

description: Rabies virus causes an estimated 59,000 annual fatalities worldwide and promising therapeutic treatments are necessary to develop. In this study, affinity tag-purification mass spectrometry was employed to delineate RABV glycoprotein and host protein interactions, and PDIA3/ERP57 was identified as a potential inhibitor of RABV infection. PDIA3 restricted RABV infection with follow mechanisms: PDIA3 mediated the degradation of RABV G protein by targeting lysine 332 via the selective macroautophagy/autophagy pathway; The PDIA3 interactor, AP3B1 (adaptor related protein complex 3 subunit beta 1) was indispensable in PDIA3-triggered selective degradation of the G protein; Furthermore, PDIA3 competitively bound with NCAM1/NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule 1) to block RABV G, hindering viral entry into host cells. PDIA3 190-199 aa residues bound to the RABV G protein were necessary and sufficient to defend against RABV. These results demonstrated the therapeutic potential of biologics that target PDIA3 or utilize PDIA3 190-199 aa peptide to treat clinical rabies. <b>Abbreviation:</b> aa: amino acids; ANXA2: annexin A2; AP-MS: affinity tag purification-mass spectrometry; AP3B1: adaptor related protein complex 3 subunit beta 1; ATP6V1A: ATPase H<sup>+</sup> transporting V1 subunit A; ATP6V1H: ATPase H<sup>+</sup> transporting V1 subunit H; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; CHX: cycloheximide; co-IP: co-immunoprecipitation; DDX17: DEAD-box helicase 17; DmERp60: <i>drosophila melanogaster</i> endoplasmic reticulum p60; EBOV: Zaire ebolavirus virus; EV: empty vector; GANAB: glucosidase II alpha subunit; G protein: glycoprotein; GRM2/mGluR2: glutamate metabotropic receptor 2; HsPDIA3: <i>homo sapiens</i> protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3; IAV: influenza virus; ILF2: interleukin enhancer binding factor 2; KO: knockout; MAGT1: magnesium transporter 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MmPDIA3: <i>mus musculus</i> protein disulfide isomerase associated 3; NCAM1/NCAM: neural cell adhesion molecule 1; NGFR/p75NTR: nerve growth factor receptor; NGLY1: N-glycanase 1; OTUD4: OTU deubiquitinase 4; PDI: protein disulfide isomerase; PPIs: protein-protein interactions; RABV: rabies virus; RUVBL2: RuvB like AAA ATPase 2; SCAMP3: secretory carrier membrane protein 3; ScPdi1: S<i>accharomyces cerevisiae s288c</i> protein disulfide isomerase 1; SLC25A6: solute carrier family 25 member 6; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; VSV: vesicular stomatitis virus.