cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.149998
title: Water temperature reconstructions based on paired Uk'37 and Tex86 records, and paired surface and subsurface Mg/Ca records

description: This dataset contains the collection of available published paired Uk'37 and Tex86 records spanning multi-millennial to multi-million year time scales, as well as a collection of Mg/Ca-derived temperatures measured in parallel on surface and subsurface dwelling foraminifera, both used in the analyses of Ho and Laepple, Nature Geoscience 2016. As the signal-to-noise ratios of proxy-derived Holocene temperatures are relatively low, we selected records that contain at least the last deglaciation (oldest sample &gt;18kyr BP).
description: Supplement to: Ho, Sze Ling; Laepple, Thomas (2016): Flat meridional temperature gradient in the early Eocene in the subsurface rather than surface ocean. Nature Geoscience
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.883317
title: Major element compositions in the upper peak ring from IODP Hole 364-M0077A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.957935
title: Relative abundance of planktonic foraminifera and factor loadings based on Q-mode factor analyses of sediment core EN-032-18PC
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.957802
title: Sedimentary composition and planktonic foraminifera of sediment core EN-032-18PC

description: Sedimentary composition (mud and sand size weight) and planktonic foraminifera absolute abundance (tests per sample).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.958010
title: Oxygen and carbon stables isotopes from Globigerinoides ruber white tests and loess-smoothing with polynomial regression of sediment core EN-032-18PC
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.841581
title: Occurrences of diatoms from IODP Hole 347-M0064A

description: BF = brackish-freshwater, B = brackish, BM = brackish-marine, M = marine. x = present.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.896611
title: Total phosphorus in sediment core BEN14-P4 from Lake Benit
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837849
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0060B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914502
title: X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) scanning of tephra layers (10kV run) of IODP Holes 381-M0078A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.964775
title: Methane measurements at lander_1 in a coastal peatland at the German Baltic Sea in 2021

description: Rewetting peatlands is an important measure to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, after rewetting, the areas are highly heterogeneous in terms of GHG exchange, which depends on water level and source, vegetation, previous use, and duration of rewetting. These challenging conditions require new technologies that go beyond discrete sampling. Here we present data from two autonomous lander platforms deployed at the sediment-water interface (bottom lander) of a shallow coastal peatland (approx. 1 m water depth) that was rewetted by brackish water from the Baltic Sea, thus becoming part of the coastal water through a permanent connection. These landers were equipped with six commercially available state-of-the-art sensors, and temporal high-resolution measurements of physico-chemical variables, including partial pressures of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), were made. The resolution of the field data ranged from 10 seconds to 120 minutes and was obtained for partial pressure of CO2 (Contros HydroC-CO2) and CH4 (Contros HydroC-CH4), temperature, salinity, pressure (water depth), oxygen (O2) (CTD-O2 with SBE-37SMP-ODO), the concentrations of phosphate (SBE HydroCycle PO4), nitrate (SBE SUNA V2), chlorophyll a and the turbidity (both with SBE-FLNTUSB ECO) as stationary measurements at two different locations in close proximity. The CTD and oxygen measurements provide exact water depth data for the respective lander locations. In the other data sets (e.g., CO2 measurements) rounded data are inserted instead of the exact depth data, which is 0.6 m for lander_1 and 0.9 m for lander_2. SUNA raw data are provided for completeness. However, we found them of insufficient quality to estimate nitrate concentrations due to interferences and biofouling. The deployment and recovery of the landers, and thus the measurements, took place between 02 June 2021 and 09 August 2021, and the sensors were operated under permanent wired power supply and a centralized timestamp. The sensors were maintained and cleaned bi-weekly. Results show considerable temporal fluctuations expressed as multi-day, diurnal, and event-based variability, with spatial differences caused by biologically-dominated variables.
description: Data post-processing (time response) based on the descriptions of Bittig et al., 2014
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.870612
title: Thin sections from IODP Hole 357-M0070C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.964781
title: Methane measurements at lander_2 in a coastal peatland at the German Baltic Sea in 2021

description: Rewetting peatlands is an important measure to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, after rewetting, the areas are highly heterogeneous in terms of GHG exchange, which depends on water level and source, vegetation, previous use, and duration of rewetting. These challenging conditions require new technologies that go beyond discrete sampling. Here we present data from two autonomous lander platforms deployed at the sediment-water interface (bottom lander) of a shallow coastal peatland (approx. 1 m water depth) that was rewetted by brackish water from the Baltic Sea, thus becoming part of the coastal water through a permanent connection. These landers were equipped with six commercially available state-of-the-art sensors, and temporal high-resolution measurements of physico-chemical variables, including partial pressures of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), were made. The resolution of the field data ranged from 10 seconds to 120 minutes and was obtained for partial pressure of CO2 (Contros HydroC-CO2) and CH4 (Contros HydroC-CH4), temperature, salinity, pressure (water depth), oxygen (O2) (CTD-O2 with SBE-37SMP-ODO), the concentrations of phosphate (SBE HydroCycle PO4), nitrate (SBE SUNA V2), chlorophyll a and the turbidity (both with SBE-FLNTUSB ECO) as stationary measurements at two different locations in close proximity. The CTD and oxygen measurements provide exact water depth data for the respective lander locations. In the other data sets (e.g., CO2 measurements) rounded data are inserted instead of the exact depth data, which is 0.6 m for lander_1 and 0.9 m for lander_2. SUNA raw data are provided for completeness. However, we found them of insufficient quality to estimate nitrate concentrations due to interferences and biofouling. The deployment and recovery of the landers, and thus the measurements, took place between 02 June 2021 and 09 August 2021, and the sensors were operated under permanent wired power supply and a centralized timestamp. The sensors were maintained and cleaned bi-weekly. Results show considerable temporal fluctuations expressed as multi-day, diurnal, and event-based variability, with spatial differences caused by biologically-dominated variables.
description: Data post-processing (time response) based on the descriptions of Bittig et al., 2014
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838291
title: Natural gamma radiation of IODP Hole 347-M0064D
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868647
title: Sensor signal time log from IODP Hole 357-M0074A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837815
title: Core-section summary for IODP Hole 347-M0061B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.870615
title: Thin sections from IODP Hole 357-M0071C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.867537
title: Chemical compositions of representative lithologies from IODP Hole 357-M0068B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837895
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0059B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837903
title: Color data of IODP Hole 347-M0061C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.707035
title: (Table 3) Tie points of Hole 302-M0003A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935142
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-15 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.912839
title: Lead isotope ratios of sediment core MAR15-01 from the Eure River, France
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935143
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-20 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837832
title: Core-section summary for IODP Hole 347-M0064B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.896610
title: Grain size distribution of sediment core BEN14-P4 from Lake Benit
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.704659
title: Relative mineral abundances from bulk fraction X-ray diffraction data of Hole 302-M0004B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.934103
title: RE6 parameters (S1, S2, S3, S3CO, S4CO, S4CO2, PC) in sediment core MAR15-01 from the Eure River, France
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.934101
title: Aldrin, Dieldrin, and Heptachlor epoxide in sediment core MAR16-02 from the Eure River, France
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.758842
title: Preliminary magnetostratigraphic age-depth tie points, IODP Hole 313-M0027A

description: Notes: All ages according to Cande and Kent (1995).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935138
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-07 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.839832
title: Composite depth scale of IODP Hole 347-M0059D
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935121
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-05 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.753990
title: P-wave velocity of discrete samples from Hole 313-M0027A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868129
title: Sensor signal time log from IODP Hole 357-M0075A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837867
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0065A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.704658
title: Relative mineral abundances from bulk fraction X-ray diffraction data of Hole 302-M0004A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837856
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0062D
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837852
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0061C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935144
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-22 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935150
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-23 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935152
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-27 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935151
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-24 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935153
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-28 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838285
title: Natural gamma radiation of IODP Hole 347-M0063C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.881718
title: Line scan images of IODP Hole 364-M0077A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.758843
title: Preliminary magnetostratigraphic age-depth tie points, IODP Hole 313-M0029A

description: Notes: All ages according to Cande and Kent (1995).
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914325
title: Visual core description of IODP Hole 381-M0080A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.842998
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 347-M0063D

description: Geocode = CSF-A [m].
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872029
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 357-M0069A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.929801
title: Delta LogR TOC measuremet in well 364-M0077A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872034
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 357-M0071B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914097
title: Palynology (relative abundance) of IODP Hole 381-M0078B

description: Only species with relative abundances &gt;2.5 are shown.D = dominant, A = abundant, C = common, F = few, R = rare.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.753994
title: P-wave velocity of discrete samples from Hole 313-M0029A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872032
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 357-M0070C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872037
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 357-M0072B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.872038
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 357-M0074A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914340
title: X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) of discrete samples from IODP Hole 381-M0078A

description: * = concentrations too low to be reliable; † = some concentrations too low, expect low accuracy in lower concentrations.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837853
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0062A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.844964
title: Magnetic susceptibility and Natural Remanent Magnetisation from IODP Hole 347-M0061B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868705
title: Natural gamma radiation from IODP Hole 357-M0075B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.753971
title: Core summary for Hole 313-M0027A

description: Drillers log: hdl:10013/epic.36806.d001
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838889
title: P-wave velocity of discrete samples from IODP Hole 347-M0061B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.861798
title: Core summary for IODP Hole 357-M0075A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965138
title: Monthly interpolated geochemical data from modern Tahiti coral MARAA-7

description: Here we present monthly resolved geochemical proxy data (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C) extracted along the growth axes of Porites modern corals ecovered at Tahiti that grew between 1996 and 2008 and serve as a modern-day benchmark.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.838290
title: Natural gamma radiation of IODP Hole 347-M0064C
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.913229
title: Physical properties (MSCL) of IODP Hole 381-M0079A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965135
title: Monthly interpolated geochemical data from modern Tahiti coral TIAREI-A1

description: Here we present monthly resolved geochemical proxy data (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C) extracted along the growth axes of Porites modern corals ecovered at Tahiti that grew between 1996 and 2008 and serve as a modern-day benchmark.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965139
title: Monthly interpolated geochemical data from modern Tahiti coral TIAREI-4

description: Here we present monthly resolved geochemical proxy data (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C) extracted along the growth axes of Porites modern corals ecovered at Tahiti that grew between 1996 and 2008 and serve as a modern-day benchmark.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.923078
title: Thin section images of IODP Hole 381-M0079A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965172
title: Monthly interpolated geochemical data from IODP Expedition 310 Tahiti coral, profile 310-20A-23R-1 (0-78 cm) base

description: Here we present monthly resolved geochemical proxy data (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C) extracted along the growth axes of Porites skeletons recovered during IODP Expedition 310 "Tahiti Sea Level". These coral colonies have been U-Th dated and cover an age between 9.06 and 15.15 ka BP.
description: For coral 310-20A-23R-1 (0-78 cm) base, only transects 1 and 3 were used for paleoclimate reconstructions. However, all transects were used for quantification of coral intra-colony variability of geochemical proxies.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965173
title: Monthly interpolated geochemical data from IODP Expedition 310 Tahiti coral, profile 310-24A-13R-1 (27-45 cm) base

description: Here we present monthly resolved geochemical proxy data (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C) extracted along the growth axes of Porites skeletons recovered during IODP Expedition 310 "Tahiti Sea Level". These coral colonies have been U-Th dated and cover an age between 9.06 and 15.15 ka BP.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.923073
title: Thin section images of IODP Hole 381-M0078A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.965174
title: Monthly interpolated geochemical data from IODP Expedition 310 Tahiti coral, profile 310-24A-13R-1 (27-45 cm) top

description: Here we present monthly resolved geochemical proxy data (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, δ18O, δ13C) extracted along the growth axes of Porites skeletons recovered during IODP Expedition 310 "Tahiti Sea Level". These coral colonies have been U-Th dated and cover an age between 9.06 and 15.15 ka BP.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837850
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0061A
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837861
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0063D
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.914935
title: Description of lithologic section units of IODP Hole 381-M0078A

description: Drilling deformation intensity: 0 = undisturbed, 1 = slight, 2 = moderate, 3 = high, 4 = severe.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.837846
title: Visual core description and core images IODP Hole 347-M0059D
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.868373
title: X-ray diffraction results from IODP Hole 357-M0068A

description: Percentages were released by the software, sometimes with excess. Total sum &lt;100% likely reflects the presence of amorphous or poorly crystallized material.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.935139
title: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment core IZN19-09 from Lake Iznik (NW Turkey)

description: High-resolution XRF analysis of sediment cores (IZN19-05, IZN19-07, IZN19-09, IZN19-11, IZN19-13, IZN19-15, IZN19-20, IZN19-21, IZN19-22, IZN19-23, IZN19-24, IZN19-27, IZN19-28 and IZN19-29) from Lake Iznik, NW Turkey. The relative contents of major and trace elements were analysed with an X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Avaatech Core Scanner (EDYTEM Laboratory). The split-core surface was first covered with a 4-μm-thick Ultralene film to avoid contamination and desiccation of the sediment. All cores are registered in the French national cyber-core repository https://www.cybercarotheque.fr and the International Geo Sample Number (IGSN) service https://www.igsn.cnrs.fr/#/search. All cores were collected in April and July, 2019.