cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/2rzy76
title: Two new species and a new record of ground beetles of tribe Platynini Bonelli, 1810 from southwestern China (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

description: This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Jiang, Yu-Xin, Zeng, Fan-Hao (2025): Two new species and a new record of ground beetles of tribe Platynini Bonelli, 1810 from southwestern China (Coleoptera: Carabidae). Zootaxa 5729 (3): 454-468, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5729.3.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5729.3.4AbstractTwo new species of ground beetles of the tribe Platynini Bonelli, 1810 are described and illustrated from Chongqing and Sichuan, southwestern China: Jujiroa maotiani sp. nov. from the cave Haozhidong in Shuanghekou (Banan, Chongqing), and Atranodes zhoudingi sp. nov. from Yingxuehu in Mt. Xiling (Dayi, Chengdu). Additionally, the male of Jujiroa duqianae Tian & He, 2023 is reported and described. A distribution map for the localities of all specimens is provided.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hx3ffbgkp
title: Data from: Evidence of artefacts made of giant sloth bones in Central Brazil around the last glacial maximum

description: The peopling of the Americas and human interaction with the Pleistocene
 megafauna in South America remain hotly debated. Santa Elina rock shelter
 in Central Brazil shows evidence of successive human settlements from
 around the last glacial maximum (LGM) to the early Holocene. Two
 Pleistocene archaeological layers include a rich lithic industry
 associated with remains of the extinct giant ground sloth Glossotherium
 phoenesis. The remains include thousands of osteoderms (i.e., dermal
 bones), three of which were human-modified. In this study, we perform a
 traceological analysis of these artefacts by optical microscopy,
 non-destructive scanning electron microscopy, UV/visible
 photoluminescence, and synchrotron-based microtomography. We also describe
 the spatial association between the giant sloth bone remains and stone
 tools and provide a Bayesian age model that confirms the timing of this
 association in two time horizons of the Pleistocene in Santa Elina. The
 conclusion from our traceological study is that the three giant sloth
 osteoderms were intentionally modified into artefacts before fossilisation
 of the bones. This provides additional evidence for the contemporaneity of
 humans and megafauna, and for the human manufacturing of personal
 artefacts on bone remains of ground sloths, around the LGM in Central
 Brazil.
description: Please see the README document
 (README_Pansani-etal-2023-PRSB.text) and the published article (Pansani et
 al. 2023. Evidence of artefacts made of giant sloth bones in Central
 Brazil around the last glacial maximum. Proceedings of the Royal Society
 B: Biological Sciences. 290: 20230316. doi:10.1098/rspb.2023.0316) and its
 supplementary material for detail information on
 methods.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8w9ghx3s9
title: Gene annotation for TAMU_BisBis3 in GTF format and biallelic population SNV in VCF format

description: We developed a highly contiguous chromosome-level reference genome for
 North American bison to provide a platform to evaluate the conservation,
 ecological, evolutionary, and population genomics of this species.
 Generated from an F1 hybrid between a North American bison dam and a
 domestic cattle bull, completeness and contiguity exceed that of other
 published bison genome assemblies. To demonstrate the utility for
 genome-wide variant frequency estimation, we compiled a genomic variant
 database consisting of three true albino bison and 45 wild-type pelage
 color bison. Through the examination of genomic variants fixed in the
 albino cohort and absent in the controls, we identified a nonsynonymous
 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) mutation on chromosome 29 in exon 3
 of the tyrosinase gene (c.1114C&gt;T). A TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay
 was developed to genotype this SNP in a total of 283 animals across 29
 herds. This assay confirmed the absence of homozygous variants in all
 animals except 7 true albino bison included in this study. In addition,
 the only heterozygous animals identified were 2 wild-type pelage color
 dams of albino offspring. Therefore, we propose that this new high-quality
 bison genome assembly and incipient variant database provide a highly
 robust and informative resource for genomics investigations for this
 iconic North American species.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nvx0k6dxz
title: Breeding season forest fragment size does not create negative carry-over for adult Wood Thrushes on fall migration timing or apparent annual survival

description: Although carry-over effects related to wintering habitat quality are known
 to influence population dynamics of migratory songbirds, the presence of
 breeding season carry-over is under-studied in full annual cycle models.
 To test whether forest fragment size on the breeding grounds can impose
 negative carry-over effects on a migratory songbird, we fitted adult Wood
 Thrushes with one-year coded radio-tags in forest fragments ranging from
 11­–499 ha in southwestern Ontario during the 2016–2019 breeding seasons
 and utilized automated telemetry via the Motus Wildlife Tracking System to
 record fall migration timing and returns the following spring (apparent
 annual survival). To examine short-term effects of fragment size on
 breeding females, during the 2018 and 2019 breeding seasons, we collected
 blood samples during incubation to measure corticosterone levels and
 tracked complete reproductive success and nest timing. We found that Wood
 Thrushes breeding in small forest fragments were not subject to strong
 negative effects on body condition (mass, corticosterone), reproductive
 success, or timing of the last nest of the season. Next, we found that the
 onset of fall migration departure was not delayed for birds nesting in
 small fragments and that apparent annual survival was not linked to
 breeding fragment size. This suggests that habitat differences linked to
 fragment size were not strong enough to trigger the kinds of negative
 carry-over effects (delayed migration, lower reproductive success) that
 have been documented in other species as a result of poor wintering ground
 habitat quality. The strength of breeding fragment size-induced seasonal
 carry-over remains a critical gap in full annual cycle models for other
 declining migratory songbirds. Our findings suggest that while the
 importance of preserving large forested areas is often prioritized in
 conservation projects, small forest fragments can also have high
 conservation value.
description: During the 2016–2019 breeding seasons (May-August), adult Wood
 thrushes (<em>Hylocichla</em> <em>mustelina</em>)
 were captured in a variety of forest fragments in southern Ontario,
 Canada. Each bird that was captured had mass, tarsus length, wing length,
 age, and sex recorded. During 2018–2019, some birds were blood sampled to
 evaluate levels of corticosterone, the stress hormone in birds. During all
 years of the study, some birds were tagged with coded radio transmitters
 and fall migration dates and apparent survival were recorded using the
 Motus Wildlife Tracking System, which is an automated telemetry array.
 Vegetation surveys were conducted at each location that a bird was
 tagged.
description: The datasheet can be opened using Microsoft Excel or R.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bzkh189fm
title: Seed dispersal syndrome predicts ethanol concentration of fruits in a tropical dry forest

description: Studying fruit traits and their interactions with seed dispersers can
 improve how we interpret patterns of biodiversity, ecosystem function, and
 evolution. Mounting evidence suggests that fruit ethanol is common,
 variable, and may exert selective pressures on seed dispersers. To test
 this, we comprehensively assess fruit ethanol content in a wild ecosystem
 and explore sources of variation. We hypothesise that both phylogeny and
 seed dispersal syndrome explain variation in ethanol levels, and we
 predict that fruits with mammalian dispersal traits will contain higher
 levels of ethanol than those with bird dispersal traits. We measured ripe
 fruit ethanol content in species with mammal- (n = 16), bird- (n = 14), or
 mixed-dispersal (n = 7) syndromes in a Costa Rican tropical dry forest.
 Seventy-eight percent of fruit species yielded measurable ethanol
 concentrations. We detected a phylogenetic signal in maximum ethanol
 levels (Pagel’s λ = 0.82). Controlling for phylogeny, we observed greater
 ethanol concentrations in mammal-dispersed fruits, indicating that
 dispersal syndrome helps explain variation in ethanol content and that
 mammals may be more exposed to ethanol in their diets than birds. Our
 findings further our understanding of wild fruit ethanol and its potential
 role as a selective pressure on frugivore sensory systems and metabolism.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.z8w9ghxj7
title: Electrophysiological measurement results in patients with a missense variant in ACTG1

description: Introduction: This preliminary study identified a missense variant in
 ACTG1 (NM_001614.5) in a family with autosomal dominant non-syndromic
 hearing loss (ADNSHL). The responsiveness of the electrically stimulated
 cochlear nerve (CN) in two implanted participants with this missense
 change was also evaluated and reported. Methods: Genetic testing was done
 using a custom capture panel (MiamiOtoGenes) and whole exome sequencing.
 The responsiveness of the electrically-stimulated CN was evaluated in two
 members of this family (G1 and G4) using the electrically evoked compound
 action potential (eCAP). eCAP results from these two participants were
 compared with those measured three implanted patient populations: children
 with cochlear nerve deficiency, children with idiopathic hearing loss and
 normal-sized cochlear nerves, and postlingually deafened adults. Results:
 Sequencing of ACTG1 identified a missense c.737A&gt;T (p. Gln246Leu)
 variant in ACTG1 (NM_001614.5) which is most likely the genetic cause of
 ADNSHL in this family. eCAP results measured in these two participants
 showed substantial variations. Discussion: The results indicated the
 missense c.737A&gt;T (p. Gln246Leu) variant in ACTG1 (NM_001614.5)
 co-segregated with hearing loss in this family. The responsiveness of the
 electrically-stimulated CN can vary among patients with the same genetic
 variants, which suggests the importance of evaluating the functional
 status of the CN for individual CI patients.
description: The dataset can be accessed through the Microsoft Excel for
 Windows.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jdfn2z3g9
title: When the neighborhood matters: contextual selection on seedling traits in native and non-native California grasses

description: Plants interact extensively with their neighbors, but the evolutionary
 consequences of variation in neighbor identity are not well understood.
 Seedling traits are likely to experience selection that depends on the
 identity of neighbors because they influence competitive outcomes. To
 explore this, we evaluated selection on seed mass and emergence time in
 two California grasses, the native perennial Stipa pulchra and the
 non-native annual Bromus diandrus, in the field with six other native and
 non-native neighbor grasses in individual and mixed species treatments. We
 also quantified characteristics of each neighbor treatment to further
 investigate factors influencing their effects on fitness and phenotypic
 selection. Selection favored larger seeds in both focal species and this
 was largely independent of neighbor identity. Selection generally favored
 earlier emergence in both focal species, but neighbor identity influenced
 the strength and direction of selection on emergence time in S. pulchra
 but not B. diandrus. Greater light interception, higher soil moisture, and
 greater productivity of neighbors was associated with more intense
 selection for earlier emergence and larger seeds. Our findings suggest
 that changes in plant community composition can alter patterns of
 selection in seedling traits, and that these effects can be associated
 with measurable characteristics of the community.
description: Data were collected in two growing seasons in 2017-2018 from a
 field experiment at the University of California San Diego Biological
 Field Station (California, USA). The Data folder
 contains 7 separate datasets as CSV files, each with accompanying .txt
 metadata files:<br>1) A dataset of individual-level data
 (Waterton2023_SeedlingSelection_Individual.csv).<br>2) A dataset of
 individual-level seed production data for 2017
 (Waterton2023_SeedlingSelection_Seed_2017.csv).<br>3) A dataset of
 individual-level seed production data for 2018
 (Waterton2023_SeedlingSelection_Seed_2018.csv).<br>4) A dataset of
 neighbor emergence
 (Waterton2023_SeedlingSelection_Neighbor_Emergence.csv).<br>5) A
 dataset of aboveground biomass in neighbor treatments
 (Waterton2023_SeedlingSelection_Neighbor_Biomass.csv).<br>6) A
 dataset of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in neighbor
 treatments (Waterton2023_SeedlingSelection_Neighbor_PAR.csv).<br>7)
 A dataset of volumetric water content (VWC) in neighbor treatments
 (Waterton2023_SeedlingSelection_Neighbor_VWC.csv).
description: R statistical software is required to run the R script.
DOI: 10.25338/b8zs9h
title: Tolling lessons learned for road usage charge

description: In 2021, the federal gasoline tax raised about $32.8 billion which
 accounted for about 70% of the Federal Highway Trust Fund’s expenditures,
 with a shortfall of $14 billion (FHWA, 2021). In response, many states
 have launched pilot or full-scale programs of road-usage charge (RUC) as
 an alternative transportation funding source. One of the fundamental
 challenges of RUC is the high cost of implementation compared to a
 traditional motor fuel tax (Caltrans, 2017). To address this, states look
 to leverage existing vehicle-level pricing programs, such as road tolling
 to learn possible synergies between RUC and tolling. In this paper, we
 conducted semi-structured interviews with experts from tolling programs
 across the U.S. to identify areas of overlap between tolling and RUC.
 Consequently, we built upon the interview findings with a multi-criteria
 decision analysis (MCDA) to evaluate how ready the RUC pilot programs are
 for implementation. Our results demonstrated that there are numerous
 lessons that the RUC pilots can learn from the tolling industry and
 develop an integrated system – tolling hub operations, methods to maintain
 data privacy, technology, etc. RUC programs can benefit from integration
 with tolling from the increased scale of operations which would largely
 reduce administrative costs. Lastly, ensuring equity in RUC rate design to
 alleviate any potential financial burdens on low-income populations and
 ensuring that unbanked and underbanked populations have access to the
 system is important.
description: The uploaded file summarizes the Road User Charge Pilot Program
 findings from reports published by the respective state's
 transportation department (DOTs). The summarization has been done based on
 the criteria identified for the study explained in the full
 report.
description: It is an excel file with no restrictions
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qv9s4mwm0
title: Molecular growth of PANH via intermolecular Coulombic decay

description: Nitrogen-bearing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PANHs) are ubiquitous
 in space. They are considered precursors to advanced biomolecules
 identified in meteorites. However, their chemical evolution into
 biomolecules in photodestructive astrophysical mediums remains a paradox.
 Here, we show that light can efficiently initiate the molecular mass
 growth of PANHs. Ultraviolet-photoexcited quinoline monomers, the smallest
 PANH, were observed to associate and intermolecular Coulombic decay
 between the associating monomers formed the cations of quinoline-dimer.
 Molecular rearrangements in the dimer cation lead to a dominant formation
 of cations heavier than quinoline. The enrichment of these heavier cations
 over all the other cations reveals the efficiency of this route for the
 mass growth of PANHs in space. This mechanism also leads to a highly
 reactive unsaturated PANH-ring via CH loss, a hitherto unknown channel in
 any photon-driven process. The occurrence of this efficient pathway toward
 complex molecules points to a rich chemistry in dense interstellar clouds.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cz8w9gj7z
title: Dynamic robotic tracking of underwater targets using reinforcement learning

description: To realize the potential of autonomous underwater robots that scale up our
 observational capacity in the ocean, new approaches and techniques are
 needed. Fleets of autonomous robots could be used to study complex marine
 systems and animals with either new imaging configurations or by tracking
 tagged animals to study their behavior. These activities can then inform
 and create new policies for community conservation. The role of animal
 connectivity via active movement of animals represents a major knowledge
 gap related to the distribution of deep ocean populations. Tracking
 underwater targets represents a major challenge for observing biological
 processes in situ, and methods to robustly respond to a changing
 environment during monitoring missions are needed. Analytical techniques
 for optimal sensor placement and path planning to locate underwater
 targets are not straightforward in such cases. The aim of this study is to
 investigate the use of deep reinforcement learning as a tool for
 range-only underwater target tracking optimization, whose promising
 capabilities have been demonstrated in terrestrial scenarios. To evaluate
 its usefulness, a reinforcement learning method was implemented as a path
 planning system for an autonomous surface vehicle while tracking an
 underwater mobile target. A complete description of an open-source model,
 performance metrics in simulated environments, and evaluated algorithms
 based on more than 15 hours of at-sea field experiments are presented.
 These efforts demonstrate that deep reinforcement learning is a powerful
 approach that enhances the abilities of autonomous robots in the ocean and
 encourages the deployment of algorithms like these for monitoring marine
 biological systems in the future.
description: <strong>Deep Reinforcement Learning methods for Underwater
 Target Tracking</strong> This is a set of tools
 developed to train an agent (and multiple agents) to find the optimal path
 to localize and track a target (and multiple targets).
 The deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms implemented
 are: Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient
 (DDPG) Twin-Delayed DDPG (TD3) Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) The environment to train the agents is based on the OpenAI Particle. The main objective is to find the optimal path that an autonomous vehicle (e.g. autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) or autonomous surface vehicles (ASV)) should follow in order to localize and track an underwater target using range-only and single-beacon algorithms. The target estimation algorithms implemented are based on: Least Squares (LS) Particle Filter (PF) <strong>More information at this Github repository:</strong> https://github.com/imasmitja/RLforUTracking
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tht76hf4g
title: Source data for: Raman sideband cooling of molecules in an optical tweezer array

description: Ultracold molecules, because of their rich internal structures and
 interactions, have been proposed as a promising platform for quantum
 science and precision measurement. Direct laser-cooling promises to be a
 rapid and efficient way to bring molecules to ultracold temperatures. For
 trapped molecules, laser-cooling to the quantum motional ground state
 remains an outstanding challenge. A technique capable of reaching the
 motional ground state is Raman sideband cooling, first demonstrated in
 trapped ions and atoms. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time
 Raman sideband cooling of molecules. Specifically, we demonstrate 3D Raman
 cooling for single CaF molecules trapped in an optical tweezer array,
 achieving average radial (axial) motional occupation as low as
 $\bar{n}_r=0.27(7)$ ($\bar{n}_z=7.0(10)$). Notably, we measure a 1D ground
 state fraction as high as 0.79(4), and a motional entropy per particle of
 $s = 4.9(3)$, the lowest reported for laser-cooled molecules to date.
 These lower temperatures could enable longer coherence times and higher
 fidelity molecular qubit gates desirable for quantum information
 processing and quantum simulation. With further improvements, Raman
 cooling could also be a new route towards molecular quantum degeneracy
 applicable to many laser-coolable molecular species including polyatomic
 ones. 
description: The dataset comprises quantities extracted experimentally from
 binarized molecular fluorescence images. The binarization procedure and
 the relevant numerical simulation procedures are described in the methods
 and supplementary material. Full binarized datasets are available upon
 request. These binarized datasets do not contain additional information
 than the provided data files.
description: All data is provided as csv files. No proprietary software is
 required.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396888
title: LLM-Based Rubric Grading Dataset
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396887
title: LLM-Based Rubric Grading Dataset