DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0vt4b8h5z
title: Plant species richness, not hygrothermal stress, is the main predictor of gall-inducing insect richness in Peruvian Amazon forests

description: Patterns of gall-inducing insect diversity tend to be influenced by both
 habitat-related and plant-related characteristics. We investigated the
 distribution patterns of galling insects in four vegetation types (terra
 firme forest, white-sand dry forest, white-sand wet forest, and palm swamp
 forest) of the Peruvian Amazon to test if the insect gall diversity 1)
 differs among different types of vegetation and 2) depends on host plant
 richness. In total, we found 11,579 galls belonging to 249 insect gall
 morphotypes, distributed across 30 botanical families and 75 plant
 species. Among host plant families, Fabaceae showed the greatest richness
 of insect gall morphotypes. We found that galling species richness was
 lower in palm swamp forests than in white-sand forests, which can be
 explained by the lower richness of plants in this type of vegetation.
 However, we found no evidence of greater richness in xeric habitats (e.g.,
 white-sand dry forest) than in more mesic vegetation (terra firme forest),
 contradicting the hypothesis of hygrothermal stress. We also found that
 plant species richness was positively influenced by the richness and
 abundance of galling species, regardless of vegetation type. Galling
 insect species composition differed significantly between vegetation
 types, similarly to the floristic composition. Our findings show that the
 diversity of galling insects in the tropical rainforests of the Peruvian
 Amazon are mainly influenced by host plant composition and host plant
 richness.
description: The database was collected bi-monthly between December 2021 and
 June 2022. In each vegetation type, we established 8 plots of 5 x 20 m,
 spaced at 20 m intervals, totaling 0.08 ha sampled for each site, in
 accordance with the methodology proposed by Julião et al.
 (2014b).
description: This README file was generated on 2024-02-16 by Julio M Grandez-Rios.
 GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Title of Dataset: Plant species richness, not
 hygrothermal stress, is the main predictor of gall-inducing insect
 richness in Peruvian Amazon forests. 2. Author Information A. Principal
 Investigator Contact Information Name: Julio Miguel Grandez-Rios
 Institution: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Address: Quinta da Boa
 Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Email:
 B. Associate or Co-investigator Contact
 Information Name: Walter Santos de Araújo Institution: Universidade
 Estadual de Montes Claros Address: Montes Claros, MG, Brasil. Email:
 C. Associate or Co-investigator Contact
 Information Name: Valeria Cid Maia Institution: Universidade Federal do
 Rio de Janeiro Address: Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040 Rio
 de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Email: 3. Date of
 data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2022-2023 4.
 Geographic location of data collection: -3.93208, -73.60703, Iquitos,
 Loreto, Peru 5. Information about funding sources that supported the
 collection of the data: Programa Nacional de Becas y Crédito Educativo
 (PRONABEC) SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on
 the data: None 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data:None 3.
 Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: None 4.
 Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: None 5. Was data derived from
 another source? No A. If yes, list source(s): NA 6. Recommended citation
 for this dataset: Grandez-Rios J.M., Araújo W.S., Panduro-Bardales, A.,
 Coronado E.N.H., Baker T.R., Martínez R.V., Mendoza A.M.,
 Garcia-Villacorta R., Llampazo G.F., Huaymacari J.R. & Maia V.C.
 (2024). Plant species richness, not hygrothermal stress, is the main
 predictor of gall-inducing insect richness in Peruvian Amazon forests.
 Dryad Digital Repository. 
 DATA & FILE OVERVIEW 1. File List: **Plant species richness, not
 hygrothermal stress, is the main predictor of gall-inducing insect
 richness in Peruvian Amazon forests.xlsx** 1. Relationship between files,
 if important: None 2. Additional related data collected that was not
 included in the current data package: None 3. Are there multiple versions
 of the dataset? No A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: NA i. Why
 was the file updated? NA ii. When was the file updated? NA
 \#########################################################################
 DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: **Plant species richness, not hygrothermal
 stress, is the main predictor of gall-inducing insect richness in Peruvian
 Amazon forests.xlsx** 1. Number of variables: 18 2. Number of cases/rows:
 15462 3. Variable List: * Vegetation type: Four vegetation type registered
 in the study * Plot: Number of plots by vegetation type * Individual:
 Number of individuals registered in the plot by vegetation type * Family:
 Plant Families recorded in the plot * Genus: Plant genera recorded in the
 plot * Specie: Plant Species recorded in the plot * Alt(m): Height of each
 individul tree * DAP(cm): Diameter at breast height (dbh at 1.3 m height)
 equal to or greater than 10 of each individul tree * Yes/No: Presence and
 absence of gall insect * Organ: Plant organs attacked by gall insects *
 Shape: Geometric shape of the gall insects * Color: Coloration of the gall
 insects * Trichomes: Presence and absence of trichomes * Chambers: Number
 of chambers * Morphotype: Number of gall morphotypes * Abundance: Total
 number of gall morphotypes * Collect: Number of collections realized
 bi-monthly * Date: Year of the collection date (2021 and 2022) 4. Missing
 data codes: NA (data not available) 5. Specialized formats or other
 abbreviations used: None