cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25338/b84348
title: Territoriality varies across elevation in a Hawaiian songbird

description: Reproductive territoriality can be influenced by external and internal
 variables. Trade-offs between reproductive behaviors and other costly
 biological processes, such as immunity, exist across taxa, but the effects
 of novel diseases on these trade-offs remain poorly understood. Since the
 introduction of avian malaria to Hawaii in the early 1900s, low elevation
 Hawaii Amakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens) populations, which have undergone
 strong selection by the disease, have evolved increased malaria
 resilience. However, the effects of malaria selection on trade-offs
 between immunity and reproduction in Amakihi remain largely unknown. To
 begin exploring this relationship, we conducted simulated territorial
 intrusions on Amakihi at low elevation (where malaria selection has been
 stronger) and high elevation (where selection has been weaker) on Hawaii
 Island during the breeding season. We hypothesized that selection by avian
 malaria has favored greater investment in avian malaria resilience at the
 cost of reproductive behaviors. We predicted that low elevation Amakihi
 would be less territorial compared to high elevation Amakihi, while
 recognizing that variables other than disease pressures that may differ
 across elevation (e.g., competition, predation) could explain behavioral
 variation. Territoriality was reduced in low compared to high elevation
 Amakihi as measured by proximity and chases in response to the intrusion.
 Low elevation Amakihi generally flew less than high elevation individuals,
 although this relationship varied across the breeding season. Our
 correlational results demonstrate that territoriality is greater in high
 compared to low elevation Amakihi. Further investigations would help
 determine which factors differing across elevation underlie this variation
 in territoriality.
description: The corresponding README.md file contains information about each
 variable included in the dataset, including units, how it was obtained
 and/or how it was calculated. NA represents data that is not available.
 Additional information about how data was obtained can be found in the
 corresponding manuscript.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zhdbwz
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 159 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Gilbertiodendron preussii",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 159 records from 15 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003385-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.7280/d16989
title: Herbivore response to plant drought stress in milkweeds

description: The response of herbivorous insects to plant drought stress can range from
 positive to negative, and it has been challenging to understand the causes
 of this variation. We tested whether plant trait values associated with
 aridity gradients might underlie this variation and how effects vary among
 two insect feeding guilds.  Here we propose that plants
 trait values associated with adaptation to arid environments would result
 in positive effects of experimental drought on herbivores, with such plant
 species adaptively shifting resources away from resistance to maintain
 performance under stress. In contrast, plant with trait values associated
 with adaptation to mesic environments would result in negative effects of
 drought because such species lose vigor and thus decline in their
 host-quality. We tested these predictions using experimental
 manipulations in 13 milkweed species (genus Asclepias) adapted to
 a wide range of environmental conditions, and herbivore performance of a
 specialist leaf-chewer (monarch
 butterfly; Danaus plexippus) and sap-feeder (oleander
 aphid; Aphis nerii). We exposed plants to species-specific
 watering regimes physiologically calibrated to maximize (100%) or reduce
 (50%) stomatal conductance and then monitored the performance of the
 herbivores. The effects of drought stress on herbivore survival ranged
 from strongly positive (50% increase) to strongly negative (80% decrease)
 among milkweed species, but these effects were inconsistent between the
 two herbivores.  We demonstrated that the indirect
 effects of drought on herbivores varied tremendously among closely related
 plant species and between co-occurring insect herbivores.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.866t1g1tt
title: Fine-resolution global maps of root biomass carbon colonized by arbuscular and ectomycorrhizal fungi

description: Despite the recognized importance of mycorrhizal associations in ecosystem
 functioning, the actual abundance patterns of mycorrhizal fungi
 belowground are still unknown. This information is key for better
 quantification of mycorrhizal impacts on ecosystem processes and for
 incorporating mycorrhizal pathways into global biogeochemical models. Here
 we present the first high-resolution maps of fine root stocks colonized by
 arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi (MgC ha−1).
 The maps were assembled by combining multiple open-source databases
 holding information on root biomass carbon, the proportion of AM and EcM
 tree biomass, plot-level relative abundance of plant species and intensity
 of AM and EcM root colonization. We calculated root-associated AM and EcM
 abundance in 881 spatial units, defined as the combination of ecoregions
 and land cover types across six continents. These maps serve as a basis
 for future research where continuous spatial estimates of root mycorrhizal
 stocks are needed.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dr7sqvb2k
title: Data from: Low species turnover of upland Amazonian birds in the absence of physical barriers

description: Aim: One of the oldest and most powerful ways for ecologists to explain
 distinct biological communities is to invoke underlying environmental
 differences. But in hyper-diverse systems, which often display high
 species richness and low species abundance, these sorts of community
 comparisons are especially challenging. The classic view for Amazonian
 birds posits that riverine barriers and habitat specialization determine
 local and regional community composition. We test the tacit, complementary
 assumption that similar bird communities should therefore permeate uniform
 habitat between major rivers, regardless of distance. Location: Upland
 (terra firme) rainforests of central Amazonia. Results: In all, we
 detected 244 forest-dependent birds, with an average of 190 species (78%)
 per plot. Species turnover was negligible, no unique indicator species
 were found among plot pairs, and all documented species were already known
 from a complete inventory at one of the three sites. Main conclusions: Our
 study corroborates the classic biogeographical pattern and suggests that
 turnover contributes little to regional avian diversity within upland
 forests. Using a grain size of 100 ha, this implies that upland birds
 perceive the environment as uniform, at least over distances of ~60 km.
 Therefore, to maximize both local species richness and population
 persistence, our findings support the conservation of very large tracts of
 upland rainforest. Our analyses also revealed that the avifauna at Reserva
 Ducke, encroached by urban sprawl from the city of Manaus, shows the
 hallmarks of a disturbed community, with fewer vulnerable insectivores.
 This defaunation signals that even an enormous preserve (10 × 10 km) in
 lowland Amazonia is not insulated from anthropogenic degradation within
 the surrounding landscape.
description: We conducted intensive whole-community surveys of birds in three
 pairs of 100-ha plots, separated by 40-60 km. We then used dissimilarity
 indices, cluster analysis, and ordination to characterize differences
 among the six avian communities.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x95x69pnz
title: Data for: Effects of domestication and captive breeding on reaction to moving objects: Implications for avoidance behaviors of obstacles and predators by masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou

description: Domestication and captive breeding can compromise obstacle- and
 predator-avoidance of animals in the wild. Whereas previous studies only
 examined these effects in combination, here we examine them individually
 by comparing the abilities of wild, F1 (offspring of wild parents), and
 captive-bred (approx. F15) masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou) to avoid a
 falling object under experimental conditions. Rates of avoidance failure
 were low (wild, 12.5%; F1, 10.7%; captive-bred, 8%) under light conditions
 but increased under dark conditions (wild, 11.1%; F1, 32.1%; captive-bred,
 60.0%). We attribute the elevated avoidance-failure rate among F1 fish to
 the lack of learning opportunities in hatchery environments, and the
 further elevation of avoidance-failure rate among captive-bred fish to the
 degradation of sensory organ function. These results imply reduced
 survival rates for F1 and captive-bred fish in the wild and are consistent
 with the low stocking efficiencies reported for captive-bred masu salmon.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s4mw6m99f
title: Complementary water and nutrient utilization of perianth structural units help maintain long floral lifespan in Dendrobium

description: Most orchids have high ornamental value with long-lived flower. However,
 the mechanisms by which orchids maintain floral longevity are poorly
 understood. Here, we hypothesized that long floral longevity in Dendrobium
 is maintained by high resource investment and complementary water and
 nutrient utilization in different structural units of the perianth. To
 test this hypothesis, we determined which water- and nutrient-related
 traits are correlated with flower longevity in twenty-three Dendrobium
 species or cultivars and examined the variations of the related traits
 during flower development of one long-lived cultivar. We found that floral
 longevity was correlated with dry mas per unit area of perianths and total
 flower biomass, which indicates that maintaining long floral longevity
 requires increased resource investment. During development of long-lived
 flowers, labella showed high capacity for water storage and nutrient
 reutilization, which can partly remedy high water demand and biomass
 investment. Sepals and petals, in contrast, had stronger desiccation
 avoidance and higher metabolic activity with lower biomass investment.
 These findings indicate that Dendrobium flowers maintain longevity by
 complementary water and utilization strategies in the sepals, petals and
 labella, with labella consuming more water and nutrients to extend flower
 display, while sepals and petals use a more conservative strategy.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xaz8up
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2109 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Continent is Europe",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Leontopodium alpinum",
 "Year 2021-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2109 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003386-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r2280gbh6
title: Biological size as a predictor of physiological performance and evolution: Evidence from lungless salamanders

description: Gross physiological performance in multicellular organisms coordinates
 processes operating from the cellular to whole-organism level, and thus
 may be influenced by physical constraints imposed by both cell size and
 body size. A useful measure of joint cell and body size variation is
 biological size, defined here as the ratio of body volume to mean cell
 volume. We surveyed literature data across four vertebrate clades and
 documented wide variation in two proxies for biological size, even between
 species of equivalent body size. We evaluated these proxies in a sample of
 lungless salamanders (Urodela: Plethodontidae) and used linear and
 evolutionary regressions to compare their power to predict variation in
 metabolic and water loss physiology to that of body size alone. One proxy
 (the ratio of body length to the square root of genome size) consistently
 outperformed mass in predicting water loss rates, and residual variation
 from evolutionary trends in the other proxy (the ratio of mass to genome
 size) consistently explained the most variance across all physiological
 responses. These results suggest that for some traits in some taxa,
 biological size may be a more functionally relevant predictor of
 performance than body size alone. Physiological ecology is replete with
 studies characterizing the effects of body size. We suggest that future
 studies of size effects additionally consider the role of cell size
 variation (and genome size variation as one of its determinants) to
 improve our understanding of when and how biological size influences
 organismal form and function.
description: The physiological dataset is that of Johnson et al. 2021a.
 Journal of Experimental Biology 224, jeb242196 (https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.242196), with modified calculations for surface area, cutaneous water loss, and resistance to water loss following Johnson et al. 2021b. Herpetologica 77: 219-226 (https://doi.org/10.1655/Herpetologica-D-21-00013.1) The dataset of vertebrate biological sizes was calculated following a literature review of body mass, snout-vent length, total length, and genome size estimates. The Plethodontidae phylogeny was produced using Genbank sequences in BEAST. All details regarding data collection are provided in the manuscript's Supplementary Materials.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fxpnvx0wg
title: Data for: The first description of dermal armour in snakes

description: Osteoderms, also called dermal armour, often play a role in predator
 defence. The presence of osteoderms is highly irregularly distributed
 across the squamate phylogeny and they have not been found in snakes. In
 this study, we searched for candidate snake species that would benefit
 from such armour to protect their body, focusing primarily on fossorial
 species with defensive tail displays. We examined the tail morphology of
 27 snake species from different families using micro-computed tomography
 (µCT) and micro-radiography. We discovered dermal armour in four species
 of sand boas (Erycidae) that also feature enlarged and highly modified
 caudal vertebrae. This is the first description of dermal armour in
 snakes. Ancestral state reconstructions revealed that osteoderms likely
 evolved once or multiple times in Erycidae. We have not found osteoderms
 in any other examined snake species. Nevertheless, similar structures are
 known from unrelated squamate clades, such as gerrhosaurids and geckos.
 This supports the idea of underlying deep developmental homology. We
 propose the hypothesis that osteoderms protect sand boas like the
 “brigandine armour” of medieval warriors. We interpret it as another
 component of the sand boas' rich defence strategy.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0vt4b8h38
title: A cold high-pressure system over North China hinders the southward migration of Mythimna separata in autumn

description: Background: In warm regions or seasons of the year, the planetary boundary
 layer is occupied by a huge variety and quantity of insects, but the
 southward migration of insects (in East Asia) in autumn is still poorly
 understood. Methods: We collated daily catches of the oriental armyworm
 (Mythimna separata) moth from 20 searchlight traps from 2014 to 2017 in
 China. In order to explore the autumn migratory connectivity of M.
 separata in East China, we analyzed the autumn climate and simulated the
 autumn migration process of moths. Results: The results confirmed that
 northward moth migration in spring and summer under the East Asian monsoon
 system can bring rapid population growth. However, slow southerly wind
 (blowing towards the north) prevailed over the major summer breeding area
 in North China (33°- 40°N) due to a cold high-pressure system located
 there, and this severely disrupts the autumn ‘return’ migration of this
 pest. Less than 8% of moths from the summer breeding area successfully
 migrated back to their winter-breeding region, resulting in a sharp
 decline of the population abundance in autumn. As northerly winds (blowing
 towards the south) predominate at the eastern periphery of a high-pressure
 system, the westward movement of the high-pressure system leads to more
 northerlies over North China, increasing the numbers of moths migrating
 southward successfully. Therefore, an outbreak year of M. separata larvae
 was associated with a more westward position of the high-pressure system
 during the previous autumn. Conclusion: These results indicate that the
 southward migration in autumn is crucial for sustaining pest populations
 of M. separata, and the position of the cold high-pressure system in
 September is a key environmental driver of the population size in the next
 year. This study indicates that the autumn migration of insects in East
 China is more complex than previously recognized, and that the
 meteorological conditions in autumn are an important driver of migratory
 insects’ seasonal and interannual population dynamics.
description: We collated daily catches of the oriental armyworm (Mythimna
 separata) moth from 20 searchlight traps from 2014 to 2017 in China. The
 vertical-pointing searchlight trap uses a 1000W metal halide lamp, and it
 can effectively trap phototactic insects flying overhead up to about 500 m
 above, thus it can sample moths migrating at high altitude. Each trap was
 set in an open space without extensive maize-growing areas around it.
 These searchlight traps were run just in the major occurrence season of M.
 separata in 2014.
description: The dataset contains five columns: region, Year, Month, Day, and
 No. of catch.  Information on how the measurements were done can be found
 in the associated manuscript referenced above.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4j0zpc8gf
title: Synthetic vehicle trajectory dataset for the metropolitan city of Los Angeles using DDTG

description: The analysis of trajectory datasets has numerous applications ranging from
 urban planning to human mobility understanding, but to protect the privacy
 of individuals trajectory datasets are rarely released to researchers. And
 even when they are, they are limited in size and spatio-temporal coverage.
 To address these issues a number of methods for generating synthetic yet
 realistic trajectory datasets have been proposed. These existing methods
 either require a lot of complex parameters to be calibrated (simulators)
 or rely on existing trajectory datasets (generative models). We use our
 proposed, and recently published at IEEE BigData 2022 conference,
 Data-Driven Trajectory Generator, dubbed DDTG, to generate a
 synthetic vehicle trajectory dataset in the metropolitan city of Los
 Angeles. The dataset consists of 1.5 million trajectories spanning the
 first two weeks of December 2019.
description: All methods are described in the paper "Generation of
 Synthetic Urban Vehicle Trajectories", IEEE BigData 2022. 
description: Dataset is stored in Parquet format. The most convenient way to
 process and explore the dataset is using Pandas and the Python programming
 language but relevant libraries also exist in other programming languages
 (C++, Java).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.69p8cz95f
title: No risk – no fun: Penalty and recovery from spring frost damages in deciduous temperate trees

description: Phenological shifts in response to changing climatic conditions are a key
 acclimation process for the persistence of perennial plants in temperate
 and boreal climates. The optimal time to leaf-out is the result of
 evolutionary processes determined by the trade-off between minimizing the
 risk of freezing damages and herbivory pressure while maximizing resource
 uptake to increase competitiveness against the other plants. We quantified
 the penalty exerted by frost exposure at the time of leaf emergence on
 plant development (reduction in leaf area, canopy duration, and growth)
 over the potential gains without frost (increased biomass and
 non-structural carbohydrate reserves), depending on when leaf-out occurs.
 To this purpose, we exposed 960 saplings of four temperate deciduous tree
 species with contrasting cold hardiness to two frost intensities shortly
 after leaf emergence, which was artificially induced at four occasions to
 reflect the whole range of natural leaf-out dates. One year above-ground
 biomass (AGB) increments following the frost revealed a clear ranking
 among the species depending on their strategy to cope with damaging
 frosts. Prunus avium (-41% of AGB-increment compared to control saplings)
 resprouted from the stem base, Quercus robur (-62%) rapidly produced new
 leaves from dormant reserve buds, Fagus sylvatica (-98%) showed the
 highest chlorophyll content in autumn and delayed senescence together with
 Carpinus betulus (-105%), which overcompensated NSC reserves after the
 growing season but showed highest mortality (up to 32%). In all species,
 NSC reserves recovered rapidly their initial stage at the expense of
 growth. The timing of leaf-out (advanced and delayed artificially)
 significantly affected the performance and recovery (regreening and
 growth) of both frozen and non-frozen saplings, with the lowest
 performance found at the most delayed leaf-out date. We propose that the
 potential to recover from frost damages is an important component of a
 tree’s performance, particularly at the juvenile stage. The ability to
 recover may become even more decisive in the future with the predicted
 increase of false springs in many extra-tropical regions.