DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j6332
title: Data from: Combined analyses of kinship and FST suggest potential drivers of chaotic genetic patchiness in high gene flow populations

description: We combine kinship estimates with traditional F-statistics to explain
 contemporary drivers of population genetic differentiation despite high
 gene flow. We investigate range-wide population genetic structure of the
 California spiny (or red rock) lobster (Panulirus interruptus) and find
 slight, but significant global population differentiation in mtDNA (ΦST =
 0.006, P = 0.001; Dest_Chao = 0.025) and seven nuclear microsatellites
 (FST = 0.004, P &lt; 0.001; Dest_Chao = 0.03), despite the species’
 240- to 330-day pelagic larval duration. Significant population structure
 does not correlate with distance between sampling locations, and pairwise
 FST between adjacent sites often exceeds that among geographically distant
 locations. This result would typically be interpreted as unexplainable,
 chaotic genetic patchiness. However, kinship levels differ significantly
 among sites (pseudo-F16,988 = 1.39, P = 0.001), and ten of 17 sample sites
 have significantly greater numbers of kin than expected by chance (P
 &lt; 0.05). Moreover, a higher proportion of kin within sites strongly
 correlates with greater genetic differentiation among sites (Dest_Chao, R2
 = 0.66, P &lt; 0.005). Sites with elevated mean kinship were
 geographically proximate to regions of high upwelling intensity (R2 =
 0.41, P = 0.0009). These results indicate that P. interruptus does not
 maintain a single homogenous population, despite extreme dispersal
 potential. Instead, these lobsters appear to either have substantial
 localized recruitment or maintain planktonic larval cohesiveness whereby
 siblings more likely settle together than disperse across sites. More
 broadly, our results contribute to a growing number of studies showing
 that low FST and high family structure across populations can coexist,
 illuminating the foundations of cryptic genetic patterns and the nature of
 marine dispersal.
description: Panulirus interruptus
 COI Sequence AlignmentThis is an alignment of
 all of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) mitochondrial DNA sequence
 data used in this study. There are a total of 931 sequences, each of which
 are 494 base pairs in length. The protein translation starts at base pair
 #1.PintCO1AlignmentGeneious.fastaPanulirus interruptus Sample Site GPS PointsThis is an Excel file containing Latitude and Longitude in decimal degrees for each of the sample collection sites in this study. The first column lists the sites from North to South, the second column lists the site abbreviations, the third column lists the latitude in decimal degrees North, and the fourth column lists the longitude in decimal degrees West (negative).PintSampleSiteGPS.xlsxPanulirus interruptus Microsatellite GenotypesThis file lists the microsatellite genotypes for each individual scored for the study. Column A is the sample name, consisting of a site abbreviation, and the numbered individual for that site. Column B is the site where the specimen was collected. Columns C-I are the alleles for each of the seven microsatellite markers for that individual. The alleles are presented as the size of the alle, not the number of base pair repeats. The two alleles for each marker are listed in two rows for each individual.PintMsatGenotypes.xlsx