cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.932236.1
title: ZooSCAN images of zooplankton collected with MOCNESS tows during six R/V Atlantic Explorer cruises in the northwest Atlantic (Sargasso Sea) from 2021 to 2023

description: This dataset consists of the raw ZooSCAN images taken of zooplankton caught in the upper 600m using Multiple Opening-Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System (MOCNESS) tows during day- and night-time. These samples were collected over two years, with three cruises a year to capture distinct seasons. The goal of this data was to assess high-resolution vertical distribution of zooplankton in order to distinguish diel vertical migrators from resident populations and to quantify contributions to particulate organic carbon flux via fecal pellet production.

Project description: The oceanic biological carbon pump refers to the export of dissolved and particulate organic carbon to the deep ocean, and it is a significant driver of atmospheric carbon uptake by the oceans. Evidence from long-term research carried out at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site suggests that the spectrum of particles collected by gel-traps below the euphotic zone changes drastically below 150 m, which is attributed to resident populations of zooplankton that feed on vertically migrating zooplankton as well as sinking particles. The goals of this study are to investigate the role of different zooplankton taxa on both particle aggregate formation and in particle transformation, and to compare and characterize the particles generated by the zooplankton communities with those collected by particle traps.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.938382.1
title: Sulfur speciation of sediment and biomass from the Carpinteria Salt March sampled in 2020 and 2021

description: Here we provide data that help to evaluate organic matter sulfurization and pyrite formation in a salt marsh in California. We collected six sediment cores from three habitat types at Carpinteria Salt Marsh Reserve (34.41336°N, 119.84365°W) in July 2020. One core was used to establish dry bulk density, while the other was reserved for geochemical measurements. Both cores were kept at -20°C until analysis could be carried out. We provide data on the speciation of sulfur in acid hydrolysis resistant organic matter and biomass samples. Data will be useful for those interested in assessing organic matter sulfurization in blue carbon ecosystems such as mangroves, seagrass meadows and salt marshes. Data will also be informative for researchers investigating organic sulfur cycling. Samples were collected by Lena Capece and Morgan Raven, data were interpreted by Lena Capece and Morgan Raven.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.938709.1
title: Elemental and isoptopic composition of sediment and biomass from the Carpinteria Salt March sampled in 2020 and 2021

description: Here we provide data that help to evaluate organic matter sulfurization and pyrite formation in a salt marsh in California. We collected six sediment cores from three habitat types at Carpinteria Salt Marsh Reserve (34.41336°N, 119.84365°W) in July 2020. One core was used to establish dry bulk density, while the other was reserved for geochemical measurements. Both cores were kept at -20°C until analysis could be carried out. We provide elemental concentrations (organic C/N/S, Fe, pyrite) and isotopic compositions (δ13C, δ34S) of important carbon, iron and sulfur sediment pools. Additional biomass samples were collected between 2020 and 2023 and were also analyzed for elemental (C/N/S) and isotopic compositions (δ13C, δ34S). Data will be useful for those interested in assessing organic matter sulfurization and pyrite formation in blue carbon ecosystems such as mangroves, seagrass meadows and salt marshes. Data will also be informative for researchers investigating organic and inorganic sulfur cycling. Samples were collected by Lena Capece and Morgan Raven, data were interpreted by Lena Capece and Morgan Raven.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.937020.1
title: Synchrotron micro-probe X-ray diffraction data from seafloor sulfide deposits collected during cruise AT42-09 on the East Pacific Rise (EPR) in April 2019.

description: Synchrotron micro-probe X-ray diffraction data were collected for seafloor sulfide deposits. Seafloor sulfide mineral samples were collected from hydrothermally active chimneys and inactive off-axis massive sulfide deposits at East Pacific Rise (EPR) 9.50°N in 2019-2021 on cruise AT42-09. Samples were collected using the HOV Alvin. Samples were placed in a positive-pressure glove bag flushed with N2 (g), sparged with N2, heat-sealed into mylar bags containing Anaeropaks, and stored at -20°C.

Epoxy embedded petrographic thin sections were created using these samples. Subsamples were dried for 24 hours under N2 (g), vacuum embedded in epoxy resin (Struers EpoFix Resin, 1L kit: Part #40200030) following manufacturer’s guidelines, and cured under N2 (g) for 24 hours. Each epoxy-embedded sample was pre-cut using a wafering saw then sent to Spectrum Petrographics, Inc. (Washington, USA) for preparation as 30 micron thick, double-polished thin sections mounted on quartz slides using methods to limit sample exposure to water and ambient air. When not in use, thin-sections were stored under N2 (g) to limit oxidation. Thin sections were analyzed for X-ray diffraction at the X-ray Fluorescence Microprobe beamline &quot;XFM&quot;, National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS II), Brookhaven National Laboratory, NY.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.937302.1
title: Concentrations of trace metals and dissolved macronutrients and CTD sensor data from four cruises in the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) region in March, May, August and November 2019

description: These data include the concentrations of trace metals (dissolved and soluble iron, dissolved and soluble manganese, dissolved aluminum) and dissolved macronutrients (nitrate+nitrite, phosphate, reactive silicate) determined in water-column samples collected using a trace-metal clean CTD rosette, or an inflatable dinghy, during four cruises in the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) region in March, May, August and November 2019. Also presented are CTD sensor data (pressure, temperature, salinity, chlorophyll fluorescence, dissolved oxygen) and derived variables (water depth, density) corresponding to the CTD-rosette bottle samples. The samples and associated data were collected for the BAIT project (GEOTRACES Process Study GApr13). Post-cruise sample analyses were performed at Old Dominion University (trace metals) and the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences (macronutrients).
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.933861.1
title: Nutrients and bottle oxygen measured by the Scripps ODF group on the US GEOTRACES GP17-OCE cruise on R/V Roger Revelle (RR2214) from December 2022 to January 2023 in the South Pacific and Southern Oceans

description: This dataset includes the nutrients and bottle oxygen measurements made by the Ocean Data Facility (ODF) group of  Scripps Institution of Oceanography during the US GEOTRACES GP17-OCE cruise. The cruise took place on R/V Roger Revelle (cruise ID RR2214) from December 2022 to January 2023 in the South Pacific and Southern Oceans.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.938012.1
title: Adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) winter survival and lipid accumulation in wild-caught fish in Long Island Sound in Sept of 2022 to Apr of 2023

description: This dataset contains adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) winter survival and lipid accumulation in wild-caught fish in Long Island Sound (September 2022 to April 2023). This dataset includes data from fish collected concurrently with those used in a related mesocosm experiment (run Oct 2022 to Apr 2023), with fish collected at the same reef (see 'Related Datasets' section).

Study description:

We experimentally examined overwintering potential of adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata), an ecologically and economically important fish that seasonally migrates from offshore overwintering grounds to coastal feeding and nursery areas. We collected adults from Long Island Sound in September 2022 and reared them in a laboratory-mesocosm experiment under a contemporary seasonal temperature profile for Long Island Sound (LIS; October 2022 – April 2023) to assess their potential to survive and accumulate lipids throughout the winter. We also fed experimental adults two diet items (blue mussels and Atlantic herring), which are commonly found in Long Island Sound. 

In addition, we sampled fish from the same reef in LIS at the start (October) and end (April) of the experiment to identify lipid dynamics in wild fish that migrate offshore. Experimental C. striata growth throughout the winter was negligible with high mortality (&gt; 50% observed). 

While survivors fed herring had higher tissue lipid contents, mortality was 2x higher than for fish fed mussels. In contrast, to the experimental fish, wild-captured fish in the spring had higher gonadosmatic indices than that for survivors across both diet treatments, which was most similar to fall-captured fish. While some fish survived throughout the winter, current winter bottom temperatures still preclude a year-round C. striata presence within Long Island Sound. Overwintering inshore is still disadvantageous compared to seasonally migrating due to surviving experimental fish having lower gonadosomatic indices, suggesting that the offshore overwintering period is a time to build energy reserves. However, as coastal waters continue to warm, changing conditions could lead populations to become year-round residents of Long Island Sound, thus increasing C. striata abundance.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.938160.1
title: Phallusia nigra larval settlement data from experiments with varying temperature conducted in May of 2022

description: We conducted a preliminary study of the larval settlement success for the ascidian Phallusia nigra in response to temperature. Adult ascidians were collected from two locations and transported to the campus of NYU-Abu Dhabi. Gametes were collected from adults and embryos were fertilized in the laboratory.  We quantified the number that metamorphosed and settled over a 92 hours.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.881127.1
title: Particulate organic carbon, nitrogen, and Thorium-234 measurements collected during the 2012-2013 Palmer Field Season (WAP Carbon export project)

description: Sinking organic carbon, nitrogen, and Th-234 fluxes measured using bottom-tethered, VERTEX-style sediment traps during the 2012-2013 field season of the Palmer LTER program near Anvers Island in the Western Antarctic Peninsula.  These flux measurements allow investigation of the ocean’s biological carbon pump.  Sediment trap deployments span the ice-free season near Anvers Island.  Deployments lasted between 2 and 8 days, depending on ocean conditions.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.938004.1
title: Adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) winter survival and lipid accumulation under varying diet and temperature conditions from a laboratory mesocosm experiment (Oct 2022 to Apr 2023) with individuals collected in Long Island Sound

description: This dataset contains measurements from a laboratory mesocosm experiment (Oct 2022 to Apr 2023) with adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata) collected in Long Island Sound.  Fish in this experiment were collected concurrently with fish sampled for a related wild-caught dataset (see 'Related Datasets' section).

Study description:

We experimentally examined overwintering potential of adult Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata), an ecologically and economically important fish that seasonally migrates from offshore overwintering grounds to coastal feeding and nursery areas. We collected adults from Long Island Sound in September 2022 and reared them in a laboratory-mesocosm experiment under a contemporary seasonal temperature profile for Long Island Sound (LIS; October 2022 – April 2023) to assess their potential to survive and accumulate lipids throughout the winter. We also fed experimental adults two diet items (blue mussels and Atlantic herring), which are commonly found in Long Island Sound. 

In addition, we sampled fish from the same reef in LIS at the start (October) and end (April) of the experiment to identify lipid dynamics in wild fish that migrate offshore (see &quot;Related Datasets&quot; section for wild fish data). Experimental C. striata growth throughout the winter was negligible with high mortality (&gt; 50% observed). 

While survivors fed herring had higher tissue lipid contents, mortality was 2x higher than for fish fed mussels. In contrast, to the experimental fish, wild-captured fish in the spring had higher gonadosmatic indices than that for survivors across both diet treatments, which was most similar to fall-captured fish. While some fish survived throughout the winter, current winter bottom temperatures still preclude a year-round C. striata presence within Long Island Sound. Overwintering inshore is still disadvantageous compared to seasonally migrating due to surviving experimental fish having lower gonadosomatic indices, suggesting that the offshore overwintering period is a time to build energy reserves. However, as coastal waters continue to warm, changing conditions could lead populations to become year-round residents of Long Island Sound, thus increasing C. striata abundance.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.881069.1
title: Phytoplankton nitrate uptake rates collected during the 2012-2013 Palmer Field Season (WAP Carbon export project)

description: Uptake of nitrate by phytoplankton during the 2012-2013 field season of the Palmer LTER program near Anvers Island in the Western Antarctic Peninsula.  Nitrate uptake is a proxy for production based on “new” nitrogen entering the ecosystem and hence should balance export flux when integrated over sufficiently large spatial scales and long temporal scales.  Nitrate uptake was measured through the uptake of isotopically labeled nitrate, typically at 5 depts spanning the surface to 65 m depth.  Measurements were typically made twice per week through the ice-free summer phytoplankton growing season.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.881137.1
title: Size Fractionated Particulate Thorium-234 measurements collected during the 2012-2013 Palmer Field Season

description: Particle-bound Th-234 measurements and C:234Th ratios for size-fractionated particles collected during the 2012-2013 field season of the Palmer LTER program near Anvers Island in the Western Antarctic Peninsula.  Particle-bound Th-234 is a useful tracer for particle scavenging and sinking processes in the ocean.  Particles were sampled from 0, 10, 20, or 30 m depth and filtered through a 50-µm sieve before being concentrated onto a GF/F filter for carbon and Th-234 analyses.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.881459.1
title: Total water column Thorium-234 measurements collected during the 2012-2013 Palmer Field Season (WAP Carbon export project)

description: Total water-column Th-234 measurements collected during the 2012-2013 field season of the Palmer LTER program near Anvers Island in the Western Antarctic Peninsula.  238U-234Th disequilibrium is used as a proxy for sinking particle flux out of the upper ocean.  Vertical profiles of 234Th were measured using standard small-volume techniques approximately weekly.  Measurements typically spanned from the surface to a depth of 100 m.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.917255.4
title: Discrete bottle samples collected during BATS Validation (BVAL) cruises from April 1991 through June 2023

description: Data presented here are discrete bottle samples for BATS validation (BVAL)  Cruise # 1 (April 1991) through BVAL cruise # 60 (June 2023). Following the first several years of the BATS project it was deemed necessary by the JGOFS steering committee and BATS PIs to conduct validation cruises in the vicinity of the nominal BATS site to better understand the mesoscale and larger scale variability of the region. In particular, a focus of the BVAL cruises was to assess the spatial scale representation of the BATS and Hydrostation ‘S’ programs. Initial focus of the BVAL cruises was to investigate mesoscale variability and  meridional gradients of the local region. Later, cruises focused on specific mesoscale eddies (e.g., McGillicuddy et al., 1998; McGillicuddy et al., 1999) and effects of tropical cyclones through the local region. In the year 2000 it was deemed more important to document the larger scale changes in the North Atlantic Subtropical gyre so BVAL cruises established a transect line from ~ 35N to 19N (Bermuda to Puerto Rico) very similar to the WOCE A22 repeat hydrography line (Johnson et al., 2020). These annual Bermuda to Puerto Rico transects have been run since 2000 and target stations at every one degree of latitude and typically have been conducted in September/October of each year to capture maximal heat content in the upper ocean. However, since this timeframe coincides with high tropical cyclone activity the cruises were reluctantly (as of 2022) moved to begin in June/July of each year for safety and operational reasons. In the pentad prior to 2022 every BVAL cruise was significantly impacted by multiple tropical cyclones. Parameters presented are the same as provided in the standard BATS bottle files. To browse cruise tracks please see the supplemental information.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.919977.1
title: Data for Artemia fed to corals (Balanophyllia elegans) during a culture experiment conducted to evaluate the relationship between coral diet and tissue nitrogen isotopic ratio from 2019 to 2021

description: Data for the Artemia fed to corals during a culture experiment conducted to evaluate the relationship between coral diet and tissue nitrogen isotopic ratio. These data were collected as part of the following study:

Data collected as part of this study include nitrogen isotope ratio data for coral tissue and skeleton of the scleractinian cold-water coral Balanophyllia elegans collected at Friday Harbor, WA. Data was collected between March 2019 and August 2021. These data include paired measurements of the N isotope ratio (d15N) of coral tissue and skeleton. Tissue was measured using and Elemental Analyzer (EA)-coupled Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS) and skeleton samples were first dissolved and organic nitrogen was oxidized to nitrate with persulfate before being run on a GC-IRMS with the denitrifier method. These data also include the results of two culture experiments with the same species of corals. The corals in the first culture experiment were fed Artemia diets with different known d15N in order to quantify change in the tissue d15N in response to a change in the food source and to determine the offset in d15N between the coral tissue and its diet. The starvation trial culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of starvation on the d15N of coral tissue. For both experiments coral tissue was analyzed using an EA-IRMS. This data also includes the d15N of the respective Artemia diets. Finally, included in this data is hydrological and particulate matter data collect at the site the corals were collected (near Friday Harbor, WA). This data includes nitrate d15N and d18O, suspended particulate organic matter d15N, net tow material d15N, and data collected from a CTD profiler. This data enhances the understanding of cold-water coral diet and trophic position. This data improves the understanding of the relationship between surface nitrate d15N and the d15N recorded in the coral skeleton which is useful for enhancing the resolution of coral d15N paleoproxies.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.919985.1
title: Particulate data collected near Friday Harbor, WA between 2020 and 2021 as part of a study of cold-water coral Balanophyllia elegans diet and trophic position

description: Particulate data collected near Friday Harbor, WA between 2020 and 2021.These data were collected as part of the following study:

Data collected as part of this study include nitrogen isotope ratio data for coral tissue and skeleton of the scleractinian cold-water coral Balanophyllia elegans collected at Friday Harbor, WA. Data was collected between March 2019 and August 2021. These data include paired measurements of the N isotope ratio (d15N) of coral tissue and skeleton. Tissue was measured using and Elemental Analyzer (EA)-coupled Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS) and skeleton samples were first dissolved and organic nitrogen was oxidized to nitrate with persulfate before being run on a GC-IRMS with the denitrifier method. These data also include the results of two culture experiments with the same species of corals. The corals in the first culture experiment were fed Artemia diets with different known d15N in order to quantify change in the tissue d15N in response to a change in the food source and to determine the offset in d15N between the coral tissue and its diet. The starvation trial culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of starvation on the d15N of coral tissue. For both experiments coral tissue was analyzed using an EA-IRMS. This data also includes the d15N of the respective Artemia diets. Finally, included in this data is hydrological and particulate matter data collect at the site the corals were collected (near Friday Harbor, WA). This data includes nitrate d15N and d18O, suspended particulate organic matter d15N, net tow material d15N, and data collected from a CTD profiler. This data enhances the understanding of cold-water coral diet and trophic position. This data improves the understanding of the relationship between surface nitrate d15N and the d15N recorded in the coral skeleton which is useful for enhancing the resolution of coral d15N paleoproxies.
DOI: 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.920001.1
title: CTD data from casts at Friday Harbor, WA in August of 2021 as part of a study of cold-water coral Balanophyllia elegans diet and trophic position

description: CTD casts were performed at Friday Harbor, WA in August of 2021. These data were collected as part of the following study:

Data collected as part of this study include nitrogen isotope ratio data for coral tissue and skeleton of the scleractinian cold-water coral Balanophyllia elegans collected at Friday Harbor, WA. Data was collected between March 2019 and August 2021. These data include paired measurements of the N isotope ratio (d15N) of coral tissue and skeleton. Tissue was measured using and Elemental Analyzer (EA)-coupled Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS) and skeleton samples were first dissolved and organic nitrogen was oxidized to nitrate with persulfate before being run on a GC-IRMS with the denitrifier method. These data also include the results of two culture experiments with the same species of corals. The corals in the first culture experiment were fed Artemia diets with different known d15N in order to quantify change in the tissue d15N in response to a change in the food source and to determine the offset in d15N between the coral tissue and its diet. The starvation trial culture experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of starvation on the d15N of coral tissue. For both experiments coral tissue was analyzed using an EA-IRMS. This data also includes the d15N of the respective Artemia diets. Finally, included in this data is hydrological and particulate matter data collect at the site the corals were collected (near Friday Harbor, WA). This data includes nitrate d15N and d18O, suspended particulate organic matter d15N, net tow material d15N, and data collected from a CTD profiler. This data enhances the understanding of cold-water coral diet and trophic position. This data improves the understanding of the relationship between surface nitrate d15N and the d15N recorded in the coral skeleton which is useful for enhancing the resolution of coral d15N paleoproxies.