cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273643.v1
title: Optimal design of beam-column connections of plane steel frames using the component method

description: Abstract This paper presents a methodology for optimization of beam-column connections of plane steel frames. The objective is to obtain beam- column connections mechanically more efficient and with minimum cost by determination of the optimal dimensions for the components of the connection; satisfying mechanical constraints associated with the bending moment and the rotational stiffness of the connection, without compromising its safety and integrity. Minimum and maximum limits of geometric parameters are considered, according to current regulations. Algorithms were developed to calculate the bending moment and the rotational stiffness of the connection using the “Method of Components” of Eurocode 3. Initially, it was developed a digital database with structural profiles, steel plates and commercial bolts obtained from catalogs of manufacturers, with automatic access of the data by the computational modules of structural analysis and optimization. In the optimization model, it is adopted the connection with extended end plate without stiffeners, the design variables are the dimensions and the thickness of the end plate, the diameter and the location of the bolts. In the optimization process, we use genetic algorithms with continuous and discrete variables, with the discrete variables being associated to the database. In this way, this paper presents a computational tool fully developed in MATLAB® environment for analysis and optimal design of beam-column connections for plane steel frames. Applications that show quite satisfactory results when compared with results available in the literature are presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273640
title: A computational framework for predicting onset and crack propagation in composite structures via eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM)

description: Abstract The eXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) has been reliably used for analyzing crack growth in 3D structural elements over last years. In fact, many researchers have worked in this field, but it is scarce to find scientific contributions about 3D XFEM models applied to the failure of non-standard composite parts, such as tapered structures and thick laminated composites. Thus, a new computational framework is developed, which is based on a new enhanced golden section search algorithm and 3D Puck’s action plane principle in order to define the crack initiation direction. This in-formation is integrated into a XFEM and used to enrich elements, which have failed during analysis. Compared to the traditional algorithm, the new methodology has convergence one order higher than the traditional one; and it is 20 times more efficient computationally. Therefore, if more precision is needed, then higher gains are achieved combined to lower computational cost by using the proposed framework. Moreover, thick laminated composites with layers mainly oriented to 90o were simulated under tension and compression via the computational framework, displaying results as reported in the literature. Also, compact tension tests with 0°, 90° and 45° specimens were evaluated, and numerical results were qualitatively coherent with experimental data.
DOI: 10.7284/125659
title: Singlebeam Echosounder data collected during research cruise SAV-16-35 using a Furuno FCV-582 instrument system onboard the platform RV Savannah

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273637
title: Numerical experiments with the Generalized Finite Element Method based on a flat-top Partition of Unity

description: Abstract The Stable Generalized Finite Element Method (SGFEM) is essentially an improved version of the Generalized Finite Element Method (GFEM). Besides of retaining the good flexibility for constructing local enriched approximations, the SGFEM has the advantage of presenting much better conditioning than that of the conventional GFEM. Actually, bad conditioning is well known as one of the main drawbacks of the GFEM, while affecting severely the precision of the numerical scheme used for solving the linear system associated to the problem. Despite of its consistent mathematical basis, the numerical experiments so far conducted on using SGFEM are not yet clearly conclusive, especially regarding the robustness of the method. Therefore, the main purpose of the present paper is to give a contribution in this direction, through further investigating the SGFEM accuracy and stability. In particular, the so called Flat-Top SGFEM is a recent proposed version of the method hereby considered. As a flat-top Partition of Unit (PoU) is used for constructing the augmented approximation space with polynomial enrichments this version of the method is called SGFEM with flat-top PoU, or simply FT-SGFEM. Some computational aspects are briefly addressed, as the ones related to the implementation and integration of the flat-top for 2-D analysis. The numerical simulations consist essentially of linear analysis of panels presenting edge cracks and reentrant corners on its boundaries. Our findings from the numerical tests done are highly relevant regarding accuracy of the SGFEM versions, which present order of convergence similar to the conventional GFEM. Moreover, the measure of stability given by the scaled condition number presented in particular by the FT-SGFEM is comparable to the conventional FEM order.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273634
title: Prediction of Shape Distortions in Composite Wing Structures

description: Abstract Shape distortions and warpage are a major source of problems for composite manufacturers. These distortions are usually accompanied by built up residual stresses. They can deform a component so that it becomes useless. It also has the capability to reduce the strength of the structure. In this paper, the three-dimensional version of the constitutive model originally proposed by Svanberg and Holmberg is employed to predict the warpage of a wing planform. The model takes into account important mechanisms such as thermal expansion, resin shrinkage and frozen-in strains developed during curing cycles. The model was implemented into ABAQUS Finite Element code as a user subroutine UMAT. The macromechanical properties of each composite layer were predicted using a micromechanics based approach, implemented into MATLAB. Results show that wings with cross ply laminates with reducing thickness along the span experienced more warpage than quasi-isotropic laminates. Furthermore, for wings with equal thickness along the span, the results show that the quasi-isotropic laminates experienced more warpage than cross ply laminates. Lastly, the results show that wings with progressively reducing thickness experience twist that is varying from the wing root to the wing tip while wings with a constant thickness experience twist mainly at the centre of the wing
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273637.v1
title: Numerical experiments with the Generalized Finite Element Method based on a flat-top Partition of Unity

description: Abstract The Stable Generalized Finite Element Method (SGFEM) is essentially an improved version of the Generalized Finite Element Method (GFEM). Besides of retaining the good flexibility for constructing local enriched approximations, the SGFEM has the advantage of presenting much better conditioning than that of the conventional GFEM. Actually, bad conditioning is well known as one of the main drawbacks of the GFEM, while affecting severely the precision of the numerical scheme used for solving the linear system associated to the problem. Despite of its consistent mathematical basis, the numerical experiments so far conducted on using SGFEM are not yet clearly conclusive, especially regarding the robustness of the method. Therefore, the main purpose of the present paper is to give a contribution in this direction, through further investigating the SGFEM accuracy and stability. In particular, the so called Flat-Top SGFEM is a recent proposed version of the method hereby considered. As a flat-top Partition of Unit (PoU) is used for constructing the augmented approximation space with polynomial enrichments this version of the method is called SGFEM with flat-top PoU, or simply FT-SGFEM. Some computational aspects are briefly addressed, as the ones related to the implementation and integration of the flat-top for 2-D analysis. The numerical simulations consist essentially of linear analysis of panels presenting edge cracks and reentrant corners on its boundaries. Our findings from the numerical tests done are highly relevant regarding accuracy of the SGFEM versions, which present order of convergence similar to the conventional GFEM. Moreover, the measure of stability given by the scaled condition number presented in particular by the FT-SGFEM is comparable to the conventional FEM order.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273631
title: Analysis of sensor placement in beams for crack identification

description: Abstract A previous study has shown that the mode shapes of a beam are more sensitive to damage than other vibrational parameters, thus making them better suited for crack identification purposes. However, they have the disadvantage of being more difficult to be measured. To overcome this difficulty, an interesting idea is to monitor changes produced by cracks on the mode shapes only in a few strategic points, instead of performing a complete experimental modal analysis. Considering this possibility, the aim of the present work was to determine the most appropriate locations for installing sensors in beams in order to identify and characterize structural damages. The effect of different locations of cracks on the mode shapes of beams was studied through a numerical (computational) model using the finite element model. The results were plotted in 3D graphs relating the relative nodal displacement of damaged and intact beams with the crack position and the location of the point analyzed. Through the analysis of these graphs, it was possible to point out the most adequate sites for placing sensors aiming at identifying cracks in a beam in fixed-free and fixed-fixed boundary conditions. Aiming at testing the results, an optimization problem for crack identification was proposed and solved through genetic algorithm (GA). The cracks were identified with an accuracy that is appropriate for engineering applications, showing that the proposed method is effective and could be used in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) issues. Limitations on its use were also discussed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273634.v1
title: Prediction of Shape Distortions in Composite Wing Structures

description: Abstract Shape distortions and warpage are a major source of problems for composite manufacturers. These distortions are usually accompanied by built up residual stresses. They can deform a component so that it becomes useless. It also has the capability to reduce the strength of the structure. In this paper, the three-dimensional version of the constitutive model originally proposed by Svanberg and Holmberg is employed to predict the warpage of a wing planform. The model takes into account important mechanisms such as thermal expansion, resin shrinkage and frozen-in strains developed during curing cycles. The model was implemented into ABAQUS Finite Element code as a user subroutine UMAT. The macromechanical properties of each composite layer were predicted using a micromechanics based approach, implemented into MATLAB. Results show that wings with cross ply laminates with reducing thickness along the span experienced more warpage than quasi-isotropic laminates. Furthermore, for wings with equal thickness along the span, the results show that the quasi-isotropic laminates experienced more warpage than cross ply laminates. Lastly, the results show that wings with progressively reducing thickness experience twist that is varying from the wing root to the wing tip while wings with a constant thickness experience twist mainly at the centre of the wing
DOI: 10.7284/125664
title: TSG (Thermosalinograph) data collected during research cruise SAV-16-35 using a Sea-Bird SBE-21 instrument system onboard the platform RV Savannah

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273628
title: Neovagina construction and continent cutaneous urinary reservoir using a previous orthotopic ileal neobladder

description: ABSTRACT Standard radical cystectomy (RC) in women involves removal of the distal ureters, bladder, proximal urethra, uterus, ovaries, and adjacent vagina. Furthermore, pelvic organ-preserving RC to treat selected women has become an accepted technique and may confer better postoperative sexual and urinary functions than standard RC, avoiding complications such as incontinence, prolapse, neobladder-vaginal fistula (NVF), and sexual dysfunction, without compromising oncological outcome. This article reports a different surgical approach: a patient who underwent a cutaneous continent reservoir and neovagina construction using a previous ileal orthotopic neobladder after RC. Patient presented no complications and she has no evidence of recurrent disease and is sexually active, with a satisfactory continent reservoir. This case is the first report of this procedure that was able to treat concomitant dyspareunia caused by short vagina and neobladder-vaginal fistula. In conclusion, standard radical cystectomy with no vaginal preservation can have a negative impact on quality of life. In the present case, we successfully treated neobladder fistula and short vagina by transforming a previous ileal orthotopic neobladder into two parts: a continent reservoir and a neovagina. However, to establish the best approach in such patients, more cases with long-term follow-up are needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273631.v1
title: Analysis of sensor placement in beams for crack identification

description: Abstract A previous study has shown that the mode shapes of a beam are more sensitive to damage than other vibrational parameters, thus making them better suited for crack identification purposes. However, they have the disadvantage of being more difficult to be measured. To overcome this difficulty, an interesting idea is to monitor changes produced by cracks on the mode shapes only in a few strategic points, instead of performing a complete experimental modal analysis. Considering this possibility, the aim of the present work was to determine the most appropriate locations for installing sensors in beams in order to identify and characterize structural damages. The effect of different locations of cracks on the mode shapes of beams was studied through a numerical (computational) model using the finite element model. The results were plotted in 3D graphs relating the relative nodal displacement of damaged and intact beams with the crack position and the location of the point analyzed. Through the analysis of these graphs, it was possible to point out the most adequate sites for placing sensors aiming at identifying cracks in a beam in fixed-free and fixed-fixed boundary conditions. Aiming at testing the results, an optimization problem for crack identification was proposed and solved through genetic algorithm (GA). The cracks were identified with an accuracy that is appropriate for engineering applications, showing that the proposed method is effective and could be used in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) issues. Limitations on its use were also discussed.
DOI: 10.7284/125665
title: ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) data collected during research cruise SAV-16-36 using a RDI WM-300 instrument system onboard the platform RV Savannah

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273625
title: Judging good appearance in personnel selection

description: ABSTRACT Judgement of what one views as good appearance in the selection of job applicants may reveal racial bias in access to the labor market. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of racism in judging physical appearance in personnel selection. The non-random sample was composed of seventy-four (74) participants, of whom forty-two were human resources professionals (57%). The instruments used were an assessment of résumés, a set of prejudice scales, an inventory of racism in the labor market, an indicator of good appearance and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Three hypotheses were tested. Hypothesis 1, which postulated a preference for white candidates was confirmed. Hypothesis 2 was corroborated, because the professionals showed a higher tendency to choose candidates with a fairer complexion. Hypothesis 3, which made reference to good appearance was rejected, because the participants elected hygiene as a further element present in the judgment in selecting candidates. Finally, it is considered that the selection process should be based on the acceptance of racial diversity, a key element for the development of creative and innovative organizations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273628.v1
title: Neovagina construction and continent cutaneous urinary reservoir using a previous orthotopic ileal neobladder

description: ABSTRACT Standard radical cystectomy (RC) in women involves removal of the distal ureters, bladder, proximal urethra, uterus, ovaries, and adjacent vagina. Furthermore, pelvic organ-preserving RC to treat selected women has become an accepted technique and may confer better postoperative sexual and urinary functions than standard RC, avoiding complications such as incontinence, prolapse, neobladder-vaginal fistula (NVF), and sexual dysfunction, without compromising oncological outcome. This article reports a different surgical approach: a patient who underwent a cutaneous continent reservoir and neovagina construction using a previous ileal orthotopic neobladder after RC. Patient presented no complications and she has no evidence of recurrent disease and is sexually active, with a satisfactory continent reservoir. This case is the first report of this procedure that was able to treat concomitant dyspareunia caused by short vagina and neobladder-vaginal fistula. In conclusion, standard radical cystectomy with no vaginal preservation can have a negative impact on quality of life. In the present case, we successfully treated neobladder fistula and short vagina by transforming a previous ileal orthotopic neobladder into two parts: a continent reservoir and a neovagina. However, to establish the best approach in such patients, more cases with long-term follow-up are needed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273622
title: The Contribution of Mechanical Spectroscopy to Understanding Grain Boundary Sliding

description: This review paper shows that grain boundary sliding (GBS) is a general phenomenon occurring in all classes of inorganic materials: ceramics, metals and composite materials. The occurrence of relaxations attributed to GBS is also quite general and therefore the mechanical spectroscopy constitutes a sensitive and universal technique to study such phenomenon. GBS is widely observed in ceramics. It can be due to the presence of an amorphous layer between the grains as in zirconia or to dislocations, as in alumina. In each case, a high temperature GBS peak has been identified. In metals, GBS is observed in some deformed materials but the correlation of such phenomenon with internal friction peaks has been controversial. In 1941, C. Zener describes a geometrical model of GBS that could give rise to a relaxation mechanism. In 1947, Kê observed a large relaxation peak in polycrystalline aluminum. This peak being absent in single crystals, the relaxation was attributed to GBS. Today, the Zener model can still be used in most cases for relaxations occurring in the grain boundaries. Instead, according to the grain boundary type, the material or the temperature, either dislocations or the gliding of a disordered layer produce the grain boundary relaxations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273625.v1
title: Judging good appearance in personnel selection

description: ABSTRACT Judgement of what one views as good appearance in the selection of job applicants may reveal racial bias in access to the labor market. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of racism in judging physical appearance in personnel selection. The non-random sample was composed of seventy-four (74) participants, of whom forty-two were human resources professionals (57%). The instruments used were an assessment of résumés, a set of prejudice scales, an inventory of racism in the labor market, an indicator of good appearance and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Three hypotheses were tested. Hypothesis 1, which postulated a preference for white candidates was confirmed. Hypothesis 2 was corroborated, because the professionals showed a higher tendency to choose candidates with a fairer complexion. Hypothesis 3, which made reference to good appearance was rejected, because the participants elected hygiene as a further element present in the judgment in selecting candidates. Finally, it is considered that the selection process should be based on the acceptance of racial diversity, a key element for the development of creative and innovative organizations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7273619
title: OXYGEN UPTAKE AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE METHODS: THE USE OF BLOOD FLOW RESTRICTION

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: The literature has shown that a gap is identified regarding the acute effects of blood flow restriction training on aerobic variables. Objective: to analyze oxygen consumption (VO2) during and after two resistance training sessions: traditional high intensity and low intensity with blood flow restriction. Methods: After one-repetition maximum tests, eight male participants (25.7±3 years) completed the two experimental protocols, separated by 72 hours, in a randomized order: a) high intensity training at 80% of 1RM (HIRE) and b) low intensity training at 20% of 1RM combined with blood flow restriction (LIRE + BFR). Three sets of four exercises (bench press, squat, barbell bent-over row and deadlift) were performed. Oxygen consumption and excess post-exercise oxygen consumption were measured. Results: the data showed statistically significant differences between the traditional high intensity training and low intensity training with blood flow restriction, with higher values for traditional training sessions, except for the last five minutes of the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption measured during training was higher (p = 0.001) for the HIRE (20.32 ± 1.46 mL·kg-1·min-1) compared to the LIRE + BFR (15.65 ± 1.14 mL·kg-1·min-1). Conclusion: Oxygen uptakes rates during and after the exercise sessions were higher for the high intensity training methodology. However, when taking into account the volume of training provided by both methods, these differences were attenuated. Level of Evidence III - Non-consecutive studies, or studies without consistently applied reference stand.