cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/5fyh-9091
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Wiles - Coastal Alaska - TSME - AK096, PAGES North America 2k Version

description: Previous tree-ring-based Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstructions portray a varying amplitude range between the "Medieval Warm Period" (MWP), "Little Ice Age" (LIA) and present. We describe a new reconstruction, developed using largely different methodologies and additional new data compared to previous efforts. Unlike earlier studies, we quantify differences between more traditional (STD) and Regional Curve Standardization (RCS) methodologies, concluding that RCS is superior for retention of low-frequency trends. Continental North American versus Eurasian RCS series developed prior to merging to the hemispheric scale cohere surprisingly well, suggesting common forcing, although there are notable deviations (e.g., fifteenth to sixteenth century). Results indicate clear MWP (warm), LIA (cool), and recent (warm) episodes. Direct interpretation of the RCS reconstruction suggests that MWP temperatures were nearly 0.7C cooler than in the late twentieth century, with an amplitude difference of 1.14C from the coldest (1600-1609) to warmest (1937-1946) decades. However, we advise caution with this analysis. Although we conclude, as found elsewhere, that recent warming has been substantial relative to natural fluctuations of the past millennium, we also note that owing to the spatially heterogeneous nature of the MWP, and its different timing within different regions, present palaeoclimatic methodologies will likely "flatten out" estimates for this period relative to twentieth century warming, which expresses a more homogenous global "fingerprint." Therefore we stress that presently available paleoclimatic reconstructions are inadequate for making specific inferences, at hemispheric scales, about MWP warmth relative to the present anthropogenic period and that such comparisons can only still be made at the local/regional scale.
DOI: 10.25921/5w16-jb49
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Brazil Margin LGM-Holocene Benthic Stable Isotope Data

description: Stable isotope tracer budget results suggest the transport to vertical diffusivity ratio for Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) in the Atlantic was higher at the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Reduced mixing across the upper boundary of AABW is consistent with movement of this surface away from the seafloor and may be a factor in sequestering CO2 in the abyssal Atlantic. Two key unknowns in the budget are the isotopic composition of AABW and the spatial representativeness of isolated vertical profiles of d18O and d13C. Due to a lack of core material below 3 km water depth, Lund et al. (2011) based their Holocene budget on water column data and their LGM budget on extrapolation of isotopic trends from shallower cores. Here we determine d18O and d13C for AABW using new isotopic records from 3 to 4 km water depth at the Brazil Margin. The core top data yield tracer budget parameters consistent with water column data in the broader Southwest Atlantic. At the LGM, benthic d18O reaches 4.9‰ at 4 km water depth, the highest LGM d18O value in the published literature. The corresponding d13C of -0.2‰ is less depleted than expected and >0.5‰ greater than d13C in the Southeast Atlantic. Our Peclet number estimates suggest d13C acted conservatively during both the Holocene and LGM. Both d18O and d13C imply the transport to vertical diffusivity ratio for AABW was an order of magnitude larger during the LGM, due to enhanced AABW transport or reduced mixing across its upper boundary.
description: The files include age model and stable isotopic data for KNR159-5-42JPC, 125GGC, 22GGC, and 54GGC. Only stable isotopic data are available for 120GGC. All calendar ages are based on the MARINE09 calibration curve assuming a deltaR of 0±200 years (1sigma). For details see Hoffman and Lund (2012). In the stable isotopic data benthic d13C and benthic d18O are reported per mil VPDB. Isotopic measurements were based on individual tests of Cibicidoides spp.  Bioturbated samples are noted where appropriate.  Note that the isotopic data for KNR159-5-42JPC were initially published by Curry and Oppo (2005).
DOI: 10.25921/51hc-4f13
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Iceland Shelf 12KYr Quartz and K-Feldspar IRD Data

description: Quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of the < 2mm sediment fraction was carried out on 1257 samples (from the seafloor and 16 cores) from the Iceland shelf west of 18°W. All but one core (B997-347PC) were from transects along troughs on the NW to N-central shelf, an area that in modern and historic times has been affected by drift ice. The paper focuses on the non-clay mineralogy of the sediments (excluding calcite and volcanic glass). Quartz and potassium feldspars occupy similar positions in an R-mode Principal Component analysis, and oligoclase feldspar tracks quartz; these minerals are used as a proxy for ice-rafted detritus (IRD). Accordingly the sum of these largely foreign minerals (Q&K) (to Icelandic bedrock) is used as a proxy for drift ice. A stacked, equi-spaced 100-yr record is developed which shows both low frequency trends and higher frequency events. The detrended stacked record compares well with the flux of quartz (mg/cm2/yr) at MD99-2269 off N Iceland. The multi taper method (MTM) indicated that there are three significant frequencies at the 95% confidence level with periods of ~2500, 445, and 304 yr. Regime shift analysis pinpoints intervals when there was a statistically significant shifts in the average Q&K weight%, and identifies four IRD-rich events separated by intervals with lower inputs.  There is some association between peaks of IRD input, less dense surface waters (from 18O data on planktonic foraminifera), and intervals of moraine building.
description: The data are derived from quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis 
of the < 2 mm sediments from a series of cores around Iceland, 
all west of 18°W.  The bedrock of Iceland is essentially devoid 
of quartz and k-feldspars (Q and K) and these minerals are 
frequently used as an index for the occurrence of drift ice 
(sea ice or icebergs).  The data for all the cores have been 
processed using Analyseries so that there is a wt% estimate 
every 100-yr between 0 and 12,000 cal yr BP.
DOI: 10.25921/5jbb-y004
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sauchyn - Upper Kuskula Creek - PCMA - ITRDB CANA342

description: This study compared the hydroclimatic signals recorded in annually laminated (varved) sediments and tree rings within a small study area in the Selwyn Mountains of the southwestern Northwest Territories/southeastern Yukon Territory border region of Canada. The records were located immediately adjacent to each other and within 6 km of instrumental meteorological and hydrometric records, which permitted a detailed analysis of climate in the area from AD 1704 to 1996. This study explored the challenges of annually-resolved multi-proxy hydroclimate analyses and examined how best to interpret the climate record given the differences in proxy formation and the respective signals. The high-frequency (annual) variability from both proxies showed a good match for some parts of the record (e.g., mid-1700s and much of the 1900s) but revealed different sensitivities at other times (e.g., 1800s). However, both records contained a common low-frequency (decadal) summer climate signal. Glacier dynamics influenced varve formation through altered sediment availability during the inferred Little Ice Age (LIA) maximum ice stand in the catchment from AD 1778 to 1892 and subsequent recession after this maximum. As a result of reduced LIA sedimentation, July mean temperatures reconstructed from varve thickness during the 1800s were underestimated compared to the tree-ring estimates. Other instances of low-frequency divergence were apparent, particularly during parts of the twentieth century, despite the overall similarities. The extended varve record also provided a glacial history for the southern Selwyn Mountains, indicating probable glacier advances during AD 1300-1450 and AD 1600-1670, maximum ice stand during the 1800s, followed by twentieth-century recession.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.11237.81120
title: CME Certificate for 'Hypoparathyroidism_ New Treatment Concepts and Guidelines'
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.34935.62888
title: Principios de ecografía clínica en Medicina Intensiva. Síntesis
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4smdkc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 555 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Bivalvia)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-120 -40,-110 -40,-110 -30,-120 -30,-120 -40))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 555 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0025047-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/5e82-z985
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 4000 Year Ar-N Isotope Temperature Reconstruction

description: Greenland recently incurred record high temperatures and ice loss by melting, adding to concerns that anthropogenic warming is impacting the Greenland ice sheet and in turn accelerating global sea-level rise.  Yet, it remains imprecisely known for Greenland how much warming is caused by increasing atmospheric greenhouse gases versus natural variability. To address this need, we reconstruct Greenland surface snow temperature variability over the past 4000 years at the GISP2 site (near the Summit of the Greenland ice sheet; hereafter referred to as Greenland temperature) with a new method that utilises argon and nitrogen isotopic ratios from occluded air bubbles. The estimated average Greenland snow temperature over the past 4000 years was -30.7°C with a standard deviation of 1.0°C and exhibited a long-term decrease of roughly 1.5°C, which is consistent with earlier studies. The current decadal average surface temperature (2001–2010) at the GISP2 site is -29.9°C. The record indicates that warmer temperatures were the norm in the earlier part of the past 4000 years, including century-long intervals nearly 1°C warmer than the present decade (2001-2010). Therefore, we conclude that the current decadal mean temperature in Greenland has not exceeded the envelope of natural variability over the past 4000 years, a period that seems to include part of the Holocene Thermal Maximum.  Notwithstanding this conclusion, climate models project that if anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions continue, the Greenland temperature would exceed the natural variability of the past 4000 years sometime before the year 2100.
description: Greenland summit surface snow temperature for the past 4000 years reconstructed by a new method that utilises argon and nitrogen isotopic ratios from occluded air bubbles. Simultaneous, high-precision analyses of d15N and d40Ar in trapped air from the GISP2 ice core (Kobashi et al. 2008a) was used for this study. The method for the temperature reconstruction relies on the fact that gases in firn (unconsolidated snow) layers fractionate according to the depth and temperature gradient (DT) at the top and bottom of the layer (Severinghaus et al., 1998). Information about past depths and DTs at the time of air bubble trapping in the ice sheet can be retrieved by measuring d15N and d40Ar in the occluded air in ice cores.  Then, the surface temperature history can be reconstructed by integrating the DTs over time (Kobashi et al., 2008b, 2010) with a firn densification/heat diffusion model (Goujon et al., 2003).
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.29097.60003
title: The poster of the publication
DOI: 10.25921/5xz4-w563
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Sugan Lake, NW China 1000 Year Chironomid Salinity Reconstruction

description: A 1000-year high-resolution (~10 years) chironomid record from varved sediments of Sugan Lake, Qaidam Basin on the northern Tibetan Plateau, is presented. The chironomid assemblages are mainly composed of the relatively high-saline-water taxa Psectrocladius barbimanus-type and Orthocladius/ Cricotopus, and the relatively low-saline-water taxa Procladius and Psectrocladius sordidellus-type. Variations in the chironomid fauna and inferred salinities suggest that over the last millennium, the Sugan Lake catchment has alternated between contrasting climatic conditions, having a dry climate during the period 990-1550 AD, a relatively humid climate during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (1550-1840 AD), and a dry climate again from 1840 AD onwards. At the decadal to centennial scale, a wet event around 1200-1230 AD, interrupting the generally arid period (990-1550 AD), and a dry event around 1590-1700 AD, punctuating the generally humid period (1550-1840 AD), are clearly documented. Trends in the chironomid-based salinity time series indicate a highly unstable climate during the LIA when salinity fluctuations were of greater magnitude and higher frequency. The effective moisture evolution in the Sugan Lake catchment during the last millennium reconstructed by chironomid analysis is in broad agreement with previous palaeo-moisture data derived from other sites in arid Northwest China (ANC). The LIA, characterized by generally humid conditions over the westerly-dominated ANC was distinctly different from that in monsoonal China, implying an "out-of-phase" relationship between moisture evolution in these two regions during the past 1000 years.
description: Chironomid-inferred water salinity data from Sugan Lake, Qaidam Basin, 
NW China, for the last millennium. Salinity was estimated using 
a chironomid-salinity transfer function for Tibetan Plateau lakes 
developed by Zhang et al (2007).  The salinity record was standardized 
to have a zero mean and unit standard deviation. Chronology was 
established by varve counting (Zhou et al., 2007, 2009).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dy6wf9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Eurypygiformes)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((50 -80,60 -80,60 -70,50 -70,50 -80))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0025052-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.25921/5phe-sz60
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Woodhouse - Natural Arch - PIED - ITRDB CO636

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description:  NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-20. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.26586.34246
title: Figura 1. Perfil das pessoas atendidas no Dia do Naturólogo segundo gênero e idade, no município de São José, SC, 2016
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.28683.49448
title: "Editorial" at International Journal of Export Marketing, Vol. 1, No. 2
DOI: 10.25921/5j9j-d297
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland 6000 Year Lake Alkenone Data

description: West Greenland has had multiple episodes of human colonization and cultural transitions over the past 4,500 y. However, the explanations for these large-scale human migrations are varied, including climatic factors, resistance to adaptation, economic marginalization, mercantile exploration, and hostile neighborhood interactions. Evaluating the potential role of climate change is complicated by the lack of quantitative paleoclimate reconstructions near settlement areas and by the relative stability of Holocene temperature derived from ice cores atop the Greenland ice sheet. Here we present high-resolution records of temperature over the past 5,600 y based on alkenone unsaturation in sediments of two lakes in West Greenland. We find that major temperature changes in the past 4,500 y occurred abruptly (within decades), and were coeval in timing with the archaeological records of settlement and abandonment of the Saqqaq, Dorset, and Norse cultures, which suggests that abrupt temperature changes profoundly impacted human civilization in the region. Temperature variations in West Greenland display an antiphased relationship to temperature changes in Ireland over centennial to millennial timescales, resembling the interannual to multidecadal temperature seesaw associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation.
description: Alkenone unsaturation measurements from Holocene sediment cores of two lakes in Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland (Braya So and Lake E) and a stacked record derived by averaging the overlapping sections of the two records (Kanger Stack). The age model was developed by aligning the independently radiocarbon dated UK37 records from Braya So and Lake E within the 2 sigma error of their respective chronological uncertainties prior to 20-yr resampling utilized in the Kanger Stack.
Braya So Lake and Lake E, Kangerlussuaq, West Greenland: 67°N, 50°42'W, 170m elev.
DOI: 10.25921/580g-sa06
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Margolis fire data from Santa Fe Watershed mixed conifer - IMPD USSMC001

description: The Santa Fe municipal watershed provides up to 40% of the city’s water and is at high risk of a stand-replacing fire that could threaten the water resource and cause severe ecological damage. Restoration and crown fire hazard reduction in the ponderosa pine (PP) forest is in progress, but the historic role of crown fire in the mixed-conifer/aspen (MC) and spruce-dominated forests is unknown but necessary to guide management here and in similar forests throughout the southwestern United States. The objective of our study was to use dendroecological techniques to reconstruct fire history and fire–climate relationships along an elevation, forest type, and fire regime gradient in the Santa Fe River watershed and provide historical ecological data to guide management. We combined systematic (gridded) sampling of forest age structure with targeted sampling of fire scars, tree-ring growth changes/injuries, and death dates to reconstruct fire occurrence and severity in the 7016 ha study area (elevation 2330–3650 m). Fire scars from 141 trees (at 41 plots) and age structure of 438 trees (from 26 transects) were used to reconstruct 110 unique fire years (1296–2008). The majority (79.0%) of fires burned during the late spring/early summer. Widespread fires that scarred more than 25% of the recording trees were more frequent in PP (mean fire interval (MFI)25% = 20.8 years) compared to the MC forest (31.6 years). Only 24% of the fires in PP were recorded in the MC forest, but these accounted for a large percent of all MC fires (69%).  Fire occurrence was associated with anomalously wet (and usually El Niño) years preceding anomalously dry (and usually La Niña) years both in PP and in the MC forest. Fire in the MC occurred during more severe drought (mean summer Palmer Drought Severity Index; PDSI = -2.59), compared to the adjacent PP forest (PDSI = -1.03). The last fire in the spruce forest (1685) was largely stand-replacing (1200 ha, 93% of sampled area), recorded as fire scars at 68% of plots throughout the MC and PP forests, and burned during a severe, regional drought (PDSI = -6.92). The drought–fire relationship reconstructed in all forest types suggests that if droughts become more frequent and severe, as predicted, the probability of large, severe fire occurrence will increase.
DOI: 10.25921/5wnk-kr52
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - A Global Planktic Foraminifer Census data set for the Pliocene Ocean, Addendum

description: The Piacenzian Age (Pliocene) represents a past climate interval within which frequency and magnitude of environmental changes during a period of past globalwarmth can be analyzed, climate models can be tested, and results can be placed in a context to better prepare for future change. Here we focus on the North Atlantic region, incorporating new and existing faunal assemblage and alkenone paleotemperature data fromOcean Drilling Program Sites 642, 662, 982, and 999, and InternationalOcean Discovery Program Sites 1308 and 1313 into our paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Cores and outcrop material containing Piacenzian sediments from the Atlantic Coastal Plain ofVirginia, USA, are also included. These data allow us to characterize regional changes in temperature, salinity, upwelling, surface productivity, and diversity, associated with climate transitions, and make nuanced reconstructions of mid-Piacenzian conditions within a high-resolution temporal framework between ~3.40 and ~3.15Ma, inclusive ofMarine Isotope Stages M2 through KM5.We include an initial comparison of estimated sea-surface temperature to coupled climate model simulations, which shows improvement in model adherence to paleoclimate parameters over previous data-model comparisons for the Pliocene.