cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282711
title: Antimicrobial Resistance: formulation of the response in the global health context

description: ABSTRACT Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has proved to be a major public health problem at the global level. This paper examined the formulation of the response to AMR negotiated through the World Health Organization (WHO) by its Member States. Related WHO reports and resolutions from 1998 to 2019 were analysed. The findings indicate that, from 2014 on, more robust conditions were established for approval of a Global Action Plan on AMR, encompassing the concept of One Health and involving other international entities (FAO, OIE, WTO and Unep). Content analysis and various analytical frameworks, considering two economic sectors (the livestock and pharmaceutical industries), proved relevant to illustrating the complexity of the issue, reinforcing its global importance and acknowledging the extent of antibiotic use in animals and the gaps in technological innovation. As the WHO is not only an important agent for mobilizing the response to AMR at the global level, but – despite a context of de-funding – has guaranteed a budget for action in this area, it is concluded that the public health perspective should prevail in the response to AMR.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282714
title: University participation in defense of the Unified Health System

description: ABSTRACT One of the essential achievements of Health Reform was social participation, the main driver for promoting equality, given that, through this, different groups in health have gained a voice, a valuable precept of the democratic base. In the university context, the theme has been incorporated in several aspects, forming an environment that polarizes opinions and provides reflections that corroborate, or contradict, those of the reform and consolidation of the Unified Health System (SUS). Thus, this study aimed to investigate and discuss the participation of university students in order to defend and strengthen the SUS. This is a field study, of the exploratory descriptive type with a qualitative approach, using a semi-structured interview for data collection, and the IRaMuTeQ software for processing. For the appreciation, the thematic categorical analysis proposed by Minayo was followed. Satisfactory knowledge was observed regarding the importance of social participation in a context of social movements, however, active participation does not occur in a desired way even if it is at conferences and health councils. Despite the weaknesses, a new horizon is envisaged in which the university is a space that consolidates this principle of SUS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282711.v1
title: Antimicrobial Resistance: formulation of the response in the global health context

description: ABSTRACT Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) has proved to be a major public health problem at the global level. This paper examined the formulation of the response to AMR negotiated through the World Health Organization (WHO) by its Member States. Related WHO reports and resolutions from 1998 to 2019 were analysed. The findings indicate that, from 2014 on, more robust conditions were established for approval of a Global Action Plan on AMR, encompassing the concept of One Health and involving other international entities (FAO, OIE, WTO and Unep). Content analysis and various analytical frameworks, considering two economic sectors (the livestock and pharmaceutical industries), proved relevant to illustrating the complexity of the issue, reinforcing its global importance and acknowledging the extent of antibiotic use in animals and the gaps in technological innovation. As the WHO is not only an important agent for mobilizing the response to AMR at the global level, but – despite a context of de-funding – has guaranteed a budget for action in this area, it is concluded that the public health perspective should prevail in the response to AMR.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282713
title: Salary of physicians hired by the Family Health Strategy Program and the municipalities’ context: an ecological study

description: ABSTRACT Salary is an important factor of attraction, fixation and satisfaction of physicians in Primary Health Care (PHC), mainly in the most remote or poor regions. This study aims to identify characteristics related to municipalities that are associated to salaries paid to physicians hired from the Family Health Strategy (FHS) Program. An ecological and cross-sectional study was conducted with 78 municipalities of the Northern Health Macro-region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The dependent variable referred to the amount paid to the physicians hired from FHS. Twenty-two contextual independent variables were applied, including sociodemographic characteristics, location and health and care indicators of each municipality, all collected from public databases. Multiple Linear Regression was conducted. The outcome average salary was R$11,188.61 (±R$2,093.71), ranging from R$6,388.20 to R$17,000.00. After adjusting the model, only the variable ‘Distance from Regional Center’ remained positively associated to the outcome (R2=6.4%). The conclusion is that the salaries of physicians were not determined by measurable contextual municipal characteristics. Other more subjective and difficult to measure factors may be involved in the issue. Therefore, there is need to establish clear parameters so to define the salaries of physicians hired to work for FHS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282714.v1
title: University participation in defense of the Unified Health System

description: ABSTRACT One of the essential achievements of Health Reform was social participation, the main driver for promoting equality, given that, through this, different groups in health have gained a voice, a valuable precept of the democratic base. In the university context, the theme has been incorporated in several aspects, forming an environment that polarizes opinions and provides reflections that corroborate, or contradict, those of the reform and consolidation of the Unified Health System (SUS). Thus, this study aimed to investigate and discuss the participation of university students in order to defend and strengthen the SUS. This is a field study, of the exploratory descriptive type with a qualitative approach, using a semi-structured interview for data collection, and the IRaMuTeQ software for processing. For the appreciation, the thematic categorical analysis proposed by Minayo was followed. Satisfactory knowledge was observed regarding the importance of social participation in a context of social movements, however, active participation does not occur in a desired way even if it is at conferences and health councils. Despite the weaknesses, a new horizon is envisaged in which the university is a space that consolidates this principle of SUS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282718
title: Spatial analysis of the distribution of dengue cases and its relationship with socio-environmental factors in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, 2007-2016

description: ABSTRACT Dengue is a serious public health problem, especially in countries that have favorable socio-environmental conditions for the development and proliferation of its transmitting agent. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of the incidence of dengue in the state of Paraíba between 2007 and 2016, evaluating the existence of geographic dependence and its relationship with socioeconomic and environmental factors. Ecological study, with the unit of analysis of the 223 municipalities in the state. The global and local Moran Index and the Geary c statistic were used to assess the spatial autocorrelation of dengue and the association with socioenvironmental variables. The analyzes were performed using statistical software R Core Team version 3.3.2. When analyzing the distribution of dengue cases in the municipalities of Paraíba, it can be identified that the disease has been advancing and affecting a greater number of cities each year. The disease was present in all the cities analyzed, which demonstrated the need to implement disease prevention actions across the state. Through this research, it became clear that dengue, in the state of Paraíba, is not determined by a single and isolated factor, but, rather, by the combination of several factors of the socioeconomic and environmental context.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282713.v1
title: Salary of physicians hired by the Family Health Strategy Program and the municipalities’ context: an ecological study

description: ABSTRACT Salary is an important factor of attraction, fixation and satisfaction of physicians in Primary Health Care (PHC), mainly in the most remote or poor regions. This study aims to identify characteristics related to municipalities that are associated to salaries paid to physicians hired from the Family Health Strategy (FHS) Program. An ecological and cross-sectional study was conducted with 78 municipalities of the Northern Health Macro-region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The dependent variable referred to the amount paid to the physicians hired from FHS. Twenty-two contextual independent variables were applied, including sociodemographic characteristics, location and health and care indicators of each municipality, all collected from public databases. Multiple Linear Regression was conducted. The outcome average salary was R$11,188.61 (±R$2,093.71), ranging from R$6,388.20 to R$17,000.00. After adjusting the model, only the variable ‘Distance from Regional Center’ remained positively associated to the outcome (R2=6.4%). The conclusion is that the salaries of physicians were not determined by measurable contextual municipal characteristics. Other more subjective and difficult to measure factors may be involved in the issue. Therefore, there is need to establish clear parameters so to define the salaries of physicians hired to work for FHS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282718.v1
title: Spatial analysis of the distribution of dengue cases and its relationship with socio-environmental factors in the state of Paraíba, Brazil, 2007-2016

description: ABSTRACT Dengue is a serious public health problem, especially in countries that have favorable socio-environmental conditions for the development and proliferation of its transmitting agent. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of the incidence of dengue in the state of Paraíba between 2007 and 2016, evaluating the existence of geographic dependence and its relationship with socioeconomic and environmental factors. Ecological study, with the unit of analysis of the 223 municipalities in the state. The global and local Moran Index and the Geary c statistic were used to assess the spatial autocorrelation of dengue and the association with socioenvironmental variables. The analyzes were performed using statistical software R Core Team version 3.3.2. When analyzing the distribution of dengue cases in the municipalities of Paraíba, it can be identified that the disease has been advancing and affecting a greater number of cities each year. The disease was present in all the cities analyzed, which demonstrated the need to implement disease prevention actions across the state. Through this research, it became clear that dengue, in the state of Paraíba, is not determined by a single and isolated factor, but, rather, by the combination of several factors of the socioeconomic and environmental context.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282723
title: The interfederative relations and integrality in the indigenous health care system: a fragmented history

description: ABSTRACT The Federal Constitution establishes health as social citizenship right under the responsibility of the State. The indigenous peoples had an important achievement to assure this right to health with Indigenous Health Care System (Sasi) (Law 9.836/1999). Twenty years after this legal framework, this article aims to identify how the Brazilian State organizes the Sasi and the reference and counter-referral agreements; analyze the existing gaps and the main challenges for the protection of the right to indigenous health in Brazil. The qualitative methodology was used, with several sources and materials: documental analysis of legislations and 24 in-depth interviews with Indigenous Peoples, managers, indigenists and Federal Prosecution Service. The results demonstrate that a normative fragmentation and the complexity hinder the implementation of the policies that should assure the integrality of the indigenous health assistance. The federal management and territorialization of the Special Indigenous Health Districts are specificities that also impact in the federative articulation. Therefore, even though progress has taken place legally recognizing health as indigenous right, it is still fundamental to improve the legislation to advance in compromises that assure health as a right with equity to indigenous populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282723.v1
title: The interfederative relations and integrality in the indigenous health care system: a fragmented history

description: ABSTRACT The Federal Constitution establishes health as social citizenship right under the responsibility of the State. The indigenous peoples had an important achievement to assure this right to health with Indigenous Health Care System (Sasi) (Law 9.836/1999). Twenty years after this legal framework, this article aims to identify how the Brazilian State organizes the Sasi and the reference and counter-referral agreements; analyze the existing gaps and the main challenges for the protection of the right to indigenous health in Brazil. The qualitative methodology was used, with several sources and materials: documental analysis of legislations and 24 in-depth interviews with Indigenous Peoples, managers, indigenists and Federal Prosecution Service. The results demonstrate that a normative fragmentation and the complexity hinder the implementation of the policies that should assure the integrality of the indigenous health assistance. The federal management and territorialization of the Special Indigenous Health Districts are specificities that also impact in the federative articulation. Therefore, even though progress has taken place legally recognizing health as indigenous right, it is still fundamental to improve the legislation to advance in compromises that assure health as a right with equity to indigenous populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282720
title: Referral processes to services specialized in cardiology and endocrinology for Primary Health Care

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze referrals of people to cardiology and endocrinology services by doctors in Primary Health Care (PHC) in a city in Rio Grande do Sul. Cross-sectional study with questionnaires applied to 25 PHC doctors, 2 cardiologists, 2 endocrinologists and 1 regulatory doctor. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS, with continuous variables being presented as mean or median; and categorical variables, such as absolute and relative frequencies. Among PHC doctors, 96% know, 84% use referral protocols, and 92% refer patients mainly to manage complicated diseases that require specialist evaluation. Among the specialists, 50% know the protocols, and all point out that the main reason for referrals to them occurs due to prevalent chronic conditions poorly controlled in PHC, being considered by endocrinologists as poorly indicated. The regulatory doctor assesses that most referral documents is incomplete and does not allow to verify the seriousness of the problem. It is concluded that the referral protocols are not being used in order to optimize the flow of users in the health care network, indicating the need for review of work processes, training of professionals and articulation between PHC, regulation and Specialized Care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282720.v1
title: Referral processes to services specialized in cardiology and endocrinology for Primary Health Care

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze referrals of people to cardiology and endocrinology services by doctors in Primary Health Care (PHC) in a city in Rio Grande do Sul. Cross-sectional study with questionnaires applied to 25 PHC doctors, 2 cardiologists, 2 endocrinologists and 1 regulatory doctor. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS, with continuous variables being presented as mean or median; and categorical variables, such as absolute and relative frequencies. Among PHC doctors, 96% know, 84% use referral protocols, and 92% refer patients mainly to manage complicated diseases that require specialist evaluation. Among the specialists, 50% know the protocols, and all point out that the main reason for referrals to them occurs due to prevalent chronic conditions poorly controlled in PHC, being considered by endocrinologists as poorly indicated. The regulatory doctor assesses that most referral documents is incomplete and does not allow to verify the seriousness of the problem. It is concluded that the referral protocols are not being used in order to optimize the flow of users in the health care network, indicating the need for review of work processes, training of professionals and articulation between PHC, regulation and Specialized Care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282725
title: An evaluation of PMAQ-AB effects on hospitalization for conditions susceptible to Primary Care

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to evaluate the effect of the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement in Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) on access and quality of Primary Care. Hospitalization for conditions susceptible to Primary Care were used as a dependent variable and indirect indicator of quality and access to that level of care. The quantitative method of study was applied, adopting all Brazilian municipalities as unit of analysis. The study was divided into two phases. The first one performed an exploratory descriptive time series analysis on the Brazilian municipalities for the period from 2010 to 2014. The second phase was characterized for evaluating the effect of the Program, during the same period, on access and quality of Primary Care by means of the statistical regression technique with counting data. The results, analyzed by region, showed that the Program exerts a significant effect on the quality and access of Primary Care, especially in the Northeast region of Brazil. This article contains an important report on health policies in Brazil, and is a mean of instructing managers and the various actors involved in the development and discussion of one of the main programs in Primary Care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282725.v1
title: An evaluation of PMAQ-AB effects on hospitalization for conditions susceptible to Primary Care

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this article was to evaluate the effect of the National Program for Access and Quality Improvement in Primary Care (PMAQ-AB) on access and quality of Primary Care. Hospitalization for conditions susceptible to Primary Care were used as a dependent variable and indirect indicator of quality and access to that level of care. The quantitative method of study was applied, adopting all Brazilian municipalities as unit of analysis. The study was divided into two phases. The first one performed an exploratory descriptive time series analysis on the Brazilian municipalities for the period from 2010 to 2014. The second phase was characterized for evaluating the effect of the Program, during the same period, on access and quality of Primary Care by means of the statistical regression technique with counting data. The results, analyzed by region, showed that the Program exerts a significant effect on the quality and access of Primary Care, especially in the Northeast region of Brazil. This article contains an important report on health policies in Brazil, and is a mean of instructing managers and the various actors involved in the development and discussion of one of the main programs in Primary Care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282726
title: Participatory evaluation of a noncommunicable chronic disease prevention and treatment program

description: ABSTRACT This work concerns the evaluation of a program for the prevention and treatment of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) offered to the community assisted by a public university by means of its outpatient health facility. The evaluation process sought to apprehend the dynamics and to understand the form of interaction between the actors involved in the daily routine of the Program grounded on the understanding of its interest groups, composed of staff, users, managers and referral professionals. A qualitative, participatory and formative research was conducted to broaden the Program possibilities of improvement by the stakeholders based on elements derived from their experience. Guba’ and Lincoln’ Fourth Generation Evaluation and Paideia’ Method of Campos guided the research methodology. The empirical material analysis was grouped into three thematic clusters: working method, team, and program management. It was revealed that a reflective listening by professionals is a deciding factor to extend the autonomy of users and their therapeutic adherence; that the gathering of educational groups in the work premises favored the participation of users and their capture for treatment, especially as for males; and that the group meetings allow for various objective and subjective gains, such as social interaction among people from different areas of the University.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14282726.v1
title: Participatory evaluation of a noncommunicable chronic disease prevention and treatment program

description: ABSTRACT This work concerns the evaluation of a program for the prevention and treatment of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) offered to the community assisted by a public university by means of its outpatient health facility. The evaluation process sought to apprehend the dynamics and to understand the form of interaction between the actors involved in the daily routine of the Program grounded on the understanding of its interest groups, composed of staff, users, managers and referral professionals. A qualitative, participatory and formative research was conducted to broaden the Program possibilities of improvement by the stakeholders based on elements derived from their experience. Guba’ and Lincoln’ Fourth Generation Evaluation and Paideia’ Method of Campos guided the research methodology. The empirical material analysis was grouped into three thematic clusters: working method, team, and program management. It was revealed that a reflective listening by professionals is a deciding factor to extend the autonomy of users and their therapeutic adherence; that the gathering of educational groups in the work premises favored the participation of users and their capture for treatment, especially as for males; and that the group meetings allow for various objective and subjective gains, such as social interaction among people from different areas of the University.