cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873358
title: Supplementary Material for: Elevated Global DNA Methylation Is Not Exclusive to Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Is Also Observed in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Types 1 and 2

description: Adult-onset neurological disorders are caused and influenced by a multitude of different factors, including epigenetic modifications. Here, using an ELISA kit selected upon careful testing, we investigated global 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) levels in sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (sALS and fALS), spinocerebellar ataxia types 1 and 2 (SCA1 and SCA2), Huntington’s disease, Friedreich’s ataxia, and myotonic dystrophy type 1. We report a significant elevation in global 5-mC levels of about 2–7% on average for sALS (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 [F(1, 243) = 9.159, <i>p</i> = 0.0027]) and various forms of fALS along with SCA1 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01 [F(1, 83) = 11.285], <i>p</i> = 0.0012) and SCA2 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 [F(1, 122) = 29.996, <i>p</i> = 0.0001]) when compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls. <i>C9orf72</i> expansion carrier ALS patients exhibit the highest global 5-mC levels along with <i>C9orf72</i> promoter hypermethylation. We failed to measure global 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) levels in blood, probably due to the very low levels of 5-hmC and the limitations of the commercially available ELISA kits. Our results point towards a role for epigenetics modification in ALS, SCA1, and SCA2, and help conclude a dispute on the global 5-mC levels in sALS blood.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873316
title: Polarimetric measurement of (3200) Phaethon in 2016 fall

description: Polarimetric mesurement of (3200) Phaethon conducted at the Nayoro Observatory, Hokkaido, Japan in 2016 autumn to winter.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873316.v2
title: Polarimetric measurement of (3200) Phaethon in 2016 fall

description: Polarimetric mesurement of (3200) Phaethon conducted at the Nayoro Observatory, Hokkaido, Japan in 2016 autumn to winter.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873316.v1
title: Polarimetric measurement of (3200) Phaethon in 2016 fall

description: Polarimetric mesurement of (3200) Phaethon conducted at the Nayoro Observatory, Hokkaido, Japan in 2016 autumn to winter.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873253
title: Supplementary Material for: Sesquiterpene-Enriched Extract of <b><i>Curcuma aeruginosa</i></b> Roxb. Retards Axillary Hair Growth: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Sesquiterpenes in<i> Curcuma aeruginosa</i> Roxb<i>.</i> inhibit steroid 5α-reductase and dihydrotestosterone production, and reverse androgenic alopecia. This study sought to show that a high sesquiterpene <i>C. aeruginosa</i> extract (CA-ext) retards axillary hair growth in women. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty women (age 20–52 years) were recruited into a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention for CA-ext treatment, where they were randomly allocated to a left or right armpit group. At weekly intervals, axillary hair length was measured videometrically, the hair was shaved, and lotion was applied (to the contralateral axilla) twice daily via roll-on applicators containing either CA-ext or placebo. The primary endpoint of the study was hair growth. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Participants showed 22% (range 8–56%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) reduced axillary hair growth with CA-ext compared to placebo, albeit delayed by 6 weeks. Participants were satisfied with the treatment and no apparent adverse effects were reported. The quantities of lotion used for each axilla were identical between test and placebo throughout the trial for each participant. Participants reported having shorter and finer armpit hair with the test lotion but disliked its smell, even though it was perfumed. The “free of irritation” description gained the highest questionnaire ratings. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> CA-ext in lotion is an efficacious inhibitor of axillary hair growth, the preparation was well accepted and matched the effectiveness of finasteride. Thus, with some refinement, it should provide an alternative pharmacological treatment for unwanted androgenic hair.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873253.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Sesquiterpene-Enriched Extract of <b><i>Curcuma aeruginosa</i></b> Roxb. Retards Axillary Hair Growth: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Sesquiterpenes in<i> Curcuma aeruginosa</i> Roxb<i>.</i> inhibit steroid 5α-reductase and dihydrotestosterone production, and reverse androgenic alopecia. This study sought to show that a high sesquiterpene <i>C. aeruginosa</i> extract (CA-ext) retards axillary hair growth in women. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Thirty women (age 20–52 years) were recruited into a 12-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention for CA-ext treatment, where they were randomly allocated to a left or right armpit group. At weekly intervals, axillary hair length was measured videometrically, the hair was shaved, and lotion was applied (to the contralateral axilla) twice daily via roll-on applicators containing either CA-ext or placebo. The primary endpoint of the study was hair growth. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Participants showed 22% (range 8–56%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) reduced axillary hair growth with CA-ext compared to placebo, albeit delayed by 6 weeks. Participants were satisfied with the treatment and no apparent adverse effects were reported. The quantities of lotion used for each axilla were identical between test and placebo throughout the trial for each participant. Participants reported having shorter and finer armpit hair with the test lotion but disliked its smell, even though it was perfumed. The “free of irritation” description gained the highest questionnaire ratings. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> CA-ext in lotion is an efficacious inhibitor of axillary hair growth, the preparation was well accepted and matched the effectiveness of finasteride. Thus, with some refinement, it should provide an alternative pharmacological treatment for unwanted androgenic hair.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873232
title: Table S1 from Pattern and process in hominin brain size evolution are scale-dependent

description: Excel spreadsheet with the raw data used for all analyses. Each row is a separate specimen along with its ID. Columns include the “lumper's” and “splitter's” taxonomy used in the random effects ANOVA to get inter-observer error (“lump.taxon” and “split.taxon”), the less and more speciose lineages used in the lower-taxonomic additive partitioning analyses (“lump.part” and “split.part”), region where each specimen comes from which aided in the allocation of specimens to lineages (“region”), grade for coding points in fig. 2 (“grade”), which specimens were excluded for the damaged specimens sensitivity analysis (“reliab.sens”), ECV replicate measurements from different researchers (“ecv1” to “ecv6”), and the various dates for each specimen (“min.date”, “max.date”, “mean.date”, and “sd.date”) and their respective age error distribution (“date.dist”).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873232.v1
title: Table S1 from Pattern and process in hominin brain size evolution are scale-dependent

description: Excel spreadsheet with the raw data used for all analyses. Each row is a separate specimen along with its ID. Columns include the “lumper's” and “splitter's” taxonomy used in the random effects ANOVA to get inter-observer error (“lump.taxon” and “split.taxon”), the less and more speciose lineages used in the lower-taxonomic additive partitioning analyses (“lump.part” and “split.part”), region where each specimen comes from which aided in the allocation of specimens to lineages (“region”), grade for coding points in fig. 2 (“grade”), which specimens were excluded for the damaged specimens sensitivity analysis (“reliab.sens”), ECV replicate measurements from different researchers (“ecv1” to “ecv6”), and the various dates for each specimen (“min.date”, “max.date”, “mean.date”, and “sd.date”) and their respective age error distribution (“date.dist”).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873226
title: R script from Pattern and process in hominin brain size evolution are scale-dependent

description: R script for (1) running the variance partitioning analyses to get inter-observer error, (2) the clade-level evolutionary mode analysis, (3) calculating R2 and model parameters from the gradualism model, and (4) the lower-level additive partitioning analyses. To run the R script, make sure the file is in the same folder as the main dataset (first saved as a csv file).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873190
title: Data for "The effects of beet-root juice supplementation on exercise economy, rating of perceived exertion and running mechanics in elite distance runners"

description: Data for "The effects of beet-root juice supplementation on exercise economy, rating of perceived exertion and running mechanics in elite distance runners"
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873172
title: Supplementary Material for: High-Throughput Data of Circular RNA Profiles in Human Temporal Cortex Tissue Reveals Novel Insights into Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of long noncoding RNAs with a closed loop structure that regulate gene expression as microRNA sponges. CircRNAs are more enriched in brain tissue, but knowledge of the role of circRNAs in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has remained limited. This study is the first to identify the global expression profiles and characteristics of circRNAs in human temporal cortex tissue from TLE patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Temporal cortices were collected from 17 TLE patients and 17 non-TLE patients. Total RNA was isolated, and high-throughput sequencing was used to profile the transcriptome of dysregulated circRNAs. Quantitative PCR was performed for the validation of changed circRNAs. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 78983 circRNAs, including 15.29% known and 84.71% novel circRNAs, were detected in this study. Intriguingly, 442 circRNAs were differentially expressed between the TLE and non-TLE groups (fold change≥2.0 and FDR≤0.05). Of these circRNAs, 188 were up-regulated, and 254 were down-regulated in the TLE patient group. Eight circRNAs were validated by real-time PCR. Remarkably, circ-EFCAB2 was intensely up-regulated, while circ-DROSHA expression was significantly lower in the TLE group than in the non-TLE group (P&lt;0.05). Bioinformatic analysis revealed that circ-EFCAB2 binds to miR-485-5p to increase the expression level of the ion channel CLCN6, while circ-DROSHA interacts with miR-1252-5p to decrease the expression level of ATP1A2. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The dysregulations of circRNAs may reflect the pathogenesis of TLE and circ-EFCAB2 and circ-DROSHA might be potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers in TLE patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873172.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: High-Throughput Data of Circular RNA Profiles in Human Temporal Cortex Tissue Reveals Novel Insights into Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of long noncoding RNAs with a closed loop structure that regulate gene expression as microRNA sponges. CircRNAs are more enriched in brain tissue, but knowledge of the role of circRNAs in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has remained limited. This study is the first to identify the global expression profiles and characteristics of circRNAs in human temporal cortex tissue from TLE patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Temporal cortices were collected from 17 TLE patients and 17 non-TLE patients. Total RNA was isolated, and high-throughput sequencing was used to profile the transcriptome of dysregulated circRNAs. Quantitative PCR was performed for the validation of changed circRNAs. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In total, 78983 circRNAs, including 15.29% known and 84.71% novel circRNAs, were detected in this study. Intriguingly, 442 circRNAs were differentially expressed between the TLE and non-TLE groups (fold change≥2.0 and FDR≤0.05). Of these circRNAs, 188 were up-regulated, and 254 were down-regulated in the TLE patient group. Eight circRNAs were validated by real-time PCR. Remarkably, circ-EFCAB2 was intensely up-regulated, while circ-DROSHA expression was significantly lower in the TLE group than in the non-TLE group (P&lt;0.05). Bioinformatic analysis revealed that circ-EFCAB2 binds to miR-485-5p to increase the expression level of the ion channel CLCN6, while circ-DROSHA interacts with miR-1252-5p to decrease the expression level of ATP1A2. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The dysregulations of circRNAs may reflect the pathogenesis of TLE and circ-EFCAB2 and circ-DROSHA might be potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers in TLE patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873166
title: Supplementary Material for: Surgical Treatment following Chemo-Targeted Therapy with Bevacizumab for Lung Metastasis from Colorectal Carcinoma: Analysis of Safety and Histological Therapeutic Effects in Patients Treated at a Single Institution

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Recently, therapeutic strategies for a metastasectomy from colorectal carcinoma after chemo-targeted therapy with bevacizumab have been presented, with which some uncommon but serious adverse events have been reported. However, only few reports have investigated the safety of lung resection after such therapy or the histological effects. We retrospectively analyzed the both of them at our institute. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Of 69 colorectal carcinoma patients who underwent pulmonary metastasectomy procedures from 2009 to 2014, we investigated 11 who also received chemo-targeted therapy prior to surgery. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In addition to bevacizumab, 5 fluorouracil (FU)/leucovorin + oxaliplatin or capecitabine was given in 6 cases and 5 FU/leucovorin + irinotecan in 5 cases. The mean period from the end of chemo-targeted therapy to surgery was 2.7 ± 0.9 months. The response to therapy shown in imaging findings was progressive disease in 6, stable disease in 3, and partial response in 2 (response rate, 18.2%). The operation modes were wedge resection (<i>n</i> = 8, 72.3%), segmentectomy (<i>n</i> = 2, 1 in bilateral lobes, 1 in the right lobe, 18.2%), and lobectomy (<i>n</i> = 1, left lower lobectomy, 9.1%). All patients safely underwent a complete resection. As for postsurgical complications, chylothorax occurred in 1 case and prolonged pulmonary air leakage in 1 case. The histological effects of chemo-targeted therapy were slight. There was no relationship between histological findings with imaging findings obtained prior to the operation (<i>p</i> = 0.63). The 5-year disease-free survival rate after metastasectomy was 10.9%. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Pulmonary metastasectomy after chemo-targeted therapy for colorectal carcinoma patients obtained acceptable results. In addition, there was no correlation between imaging and histopathologic results following chemo-targeted therapy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873142.v1
title: Supplementary data for 'Evidence that the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is rapidly accumulating plastic'

description: Here we provide four .xls files containing data associated with the manuscript 'Evidence that the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is rapidly accumulating more plastic' published in Scientific Reports by Lebreton et al (2018). <br>Lebreton <i>et al</i>. Evidence that the Great Pacific Garbage Patch is rapidly accumulating plastic. <i>Scientific Reports </i>8,<i> </i>4666 (2018)<br>Below are brief descriptions of each file:<b><br></b><b>Lebreton2018_Concentration.xls</b>Summary data containing ocean plastics concentrations as presented in Figure 3 (b,c,d,e) of the main manuscript. We provide midpoint, lower and higher estimated numerical and mass concentrations, as well as raw data (i.e. not corrected for vertical mixing) for each sampling event and for microplastics (0.05-0.5 cm), mesoplastics (0.5-5 cm), macroplastics (5-50 cm) and megaplastics (&gt; 50 cm).<br><b>Lebreton2018_SamplingInformation.xls</b>This file contains the raw data used to estimate the ocean plastic concentrations reported in Lebreton2018_Concentration.xls. The first tab contains information for all sampling events of this study, including location, date, sampling method (i.e. Manta net tow, Mega net tow, or RGB mosaic), sampled surface area and weather conditions. The 'TrawlDebrisInfo' tab provides the number and mass of debris found in the contents collected by each net tow, while the 'MosaicDebrisInfo' tab contains information related to every ocean plastic identified in the aerial RGB mosaics. This file also provides: (1) the ocean plastic rising velocities used to estimate 'vertically integrated’ ocean plastic concentrations, and (2) the ocean plastic top view surface area x dry weight measurements used to estimate the mass of debris sighted in the RGB mosaics.<br><b>Lebreton2018_Characterisation.xls</b>This file includes classification of ocean plastic pieces into object types, as well as polymer types by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis. It also contains the production dates, languages and countries of production identified on ocean plastics examined during this study.<br><b>Lebreton2018_HistoricalDataset.xls</b>Historical data on microplastic concentrations as measured by surface net tows conduced within and around the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Individual sampling stations are indexed as 'within’ (1) or ‘outside' (0) the GPGP boundary predicted by the numerical model presented in the study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873139
title: Mining significant crisp-fuzzy spatial association rules

description: Spatial association rule mining (SARM) is an important data mining task for understanding implicit and sophisticated interactions in spatial data. The usefulness of SARM results, represented as sets of rules, depends on their reliability: the abundance of rules, control over the risk of spurious rules, and accuracy of rule interestingness measure (RIM) values. This study presents crisp-fuzzy SARM, a novel SARM method that can enhance the reliability of resultant rules. The method firstly prunes dubious rules using statistically sound tests and crisp supports for the patterns involved, and then evaluates RIMs of accepted rules using fuzzy supports. For the RIM evaluation stage, the study also proposes a Gaussian-curve-based fuzzy data discretization model for SARM with improved design for spatial semantics. The proposed techniques were evaluated by both synthetic and real-world data. The synthetic data was generated with predesigned rules and RIM values, thus the reliability of SARM results could be confidently and quantitatively evaluated. The proposed techniques showed high efficacy in enhancing the reliability of SARM results in all three aspects. The abundance of resultant rules was improved by 50% or more compared with using conventional fuzzy SARM. Minimal risk of spurious rules was guaranteed by statistically sound tests. The probability that the entire result contained any spurious rules was below 1%. The RIM values also avoided large positive errors committed by crisp SARM, which typically exceeded 50% for representative RIMs. The real-world case study on New York City points of interest reconfirms the improved reliability of crisp-fuzzy SARM results, and demonstrates that such improvement is critical for practical spatial data analytics and decision support.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873139.v1
title: Mining significant crisp-fuzzy spatial association rules

description: Spatial association rule mining (SARM) is an important data mining task for understanding implicit and sophisticated interactions in spatial data. The usefulness of SARM results, represented as sets of rules, depends on their reliability: the abundance of rules, control over the risk of spurious rules, and accuracy of rule interestingness measure (RIM) values. This study presents crisp-fuzzy SARM, a novel SARM method that can enhance the reliability of resultant rules. The method firstly prunes dubious rules using statistically sound tests and crisp supports for the patterns involved, and then evaluates RIMs of accepted rules using fuzzy supports. For the RIM evaluation stage, the study also proposes a Gaussian-curve-based fuzzy data discretization model for SARM with improved design for spatial semantics. The proposed techniques were evaluated by both synthetic and real-world data. The synthetic data was generated with predesigned rules and RIM values, thus the reliability of SARM results could be confidently and quantitatively evaluated. The proposed techniques showed high efficacy in enhancing the reliability of SARM results in all three aspects. The abundance of resultant rules was improved by 50% or more compared with using conventional fuzzy SARM. Minimal risk of spurious rules was guaranteed by statistically sound tests. The probability that the entire result contained any spurious rules was below 1%. The RIM values also avoided large positive errors committed by crisp SARM, which typically exceeded 50% for representative RIMs. The real-world case study on New York City points of interest reconfirms the improved reliability of crisp-fuzzy SARM results, and demonstrates that such improvement is critical for practical spatial data analytics and decision support.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873115
title: Additional file 2: of Arenavirus infection correlates with lower survival of its natural rodent host in a long-term capture-mark-recapture study

description: Supplementary R code of the models. (R 5 kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873115.v1
title: Additional file 2: of Arenavirus infection correlates with lower survival of its natural rodent host in a long-term capture-mark-recapture study

description: Supplementary R code of the models. (R 5 kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873106
title: Additional file 4: of First and second trimester urinary metabolic profiles and fetal growth restriction: an exploratory nested case-control study within the infant development and environment study

description: Binned spectrum line using total area normalization. All NMR spectra were uploaded into the software program Chenomx NMR suite 8.2. The spectral region Î´ 0.5 to 9.4Â ppm was divided in 216 custom bins, with region 4.69â 4.86 containing residual water resonances excluded. The bin integrals were normalized to total peak area and subsequently used for statistical analysis. (XLSX 703Â kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873106.v1
title: Additional file 4: of First and second trimester urinary metabolic profiles and fetal growth restriction: an exploratory nested case-control study within the infant development and environment study

description: Binned spectrum line using total area normalization. All NMR spectra were uploaded into the software program Chenomx NMR suite 8.2. The spectral region Î´ 0.5 to 9.4Â ppm was divided in 216 custom bins, with region 4.69â 4.86 containing residual water resonances excluded. The bin integrals were normalized to total peak area and subsequently used for statistical analysis. (XLSX 703Â kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5873079
title: Additional file 2: of First and second trimester urinary metabolic profiles and fetal growth restriction: an exploratory nested case-control study within the infant development and environment study

description: Tyrosine concentrations for all samples. Tyrosine was not a standard metabolite and was quantified individually in the software program Chenomx NMR, suite 8.2, profiler mode, by fitting experimental spectra to resonant tyrosine peaks at Î´ 6.88 (d) and 7.18 (d). The concentrations were expressed as mmol/L of urine and mmol/mol of Creatinine. (XLSX 135Â kb)