cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01215.v1
title: Recent Developments in the Analysis of Monetary Policy Rules
title: Version 1

description: After a brief review of key developments in the application of monetary theory to policy analysis, the author describes the central aspects of the typical framework used to analyze monetary policy rules. He reviews the methods used to study the effects of policy behavior and provides an example of how two rules (the McCallum rule and the Taylor rule) can be used to investigate recent monetary policy in Japan. His example shows why it may be important for central banks to develop monetary policy procedures based on monetary-aggregate as well as interest-rate instruments.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is 9911mb.zip, which unzips to 9911mb.xls. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01216.v1
title: State Exports and the Asian Crisis
title: Version 1

description: The Asian financial crisis caused a decline in most states' exports of manufactured goods to East Asia during 1998, but the severity of the decline varied across states. In this article, the authors estimate the size of this export shock for all states. Primarily because western states tend to be more dependent on East Asian markets for export sales, they were hit the hardest by the sharp reduction in Asian demand for United States-produced manufactured goods. Of the states in which the decline in exports to East Asia lowered the growth of manufacturing output by more than 1 percent, two-thirds were western states. The export changes caused by the Asian crisis, however, were found to matter little for manufacturing employment growth across states during 1998. Meanwhile, states with a high concentration of manufacturing industries that use petroleum products extensively as an input tended to have larger manufacturing employment increases during 1998 than other states. Consequently, the authors conclude that the oil price declines during late 1997 and 1998, some portion of which can be attributed to the Asian crisis, appear to be more important than the export effects in influencing manufacturing employment across states.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: The files submitted are 0001ccd.zip, which unzips to the data file 0001ccd.xls, and 0001ccp.zip, which unzips to 0001ccp.doc, the program.
These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigators if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01217.v1
title: Asian Crisis and the Exposure of Large United States Firms
title: Version 1

description: A deep financial and economic crisis ravaged many Asian nations during 1997 and 1998. In this article, the authors examine the impact of the crisis on corporate risk for a subset of large United States firms that are included in the Standard & Poor (S&P) 100 stock market index. They find that the Asian crisis changed many of these firms' exposure to stock market movements -- that is, their "betas," or sensitivity to stock market risk. In particular, the extent of a firm's sales exposure to Asia appears to be an important link through which the crisis affected beta. This effect is amplified by greater financial leverage.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: The files are 0001wed.zip, which unzips to the data files, and 0001wep.zip, which unzips to a program file.
These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigators if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01218.v1
title: Improving Quantitative Studies of International Conflict: A Conjecture
title: Version 1

description: In this article, the authors address a well-known but infrequently discussed problem in the quantitative study of international conflict: despite immense data collections, prestigious journals, and sophisticated analyses, empirical findings in the literature on international conflict are often unsatisfying. Many statistical results change from article to article and specification to specification. Accurate forecasts are nonexistent. The authors offer a conjecture about one source of this problem: the causes of conflict, theorized to be important but often found to be small or ephemeral in prior research, are indeed tiny for the vast majority of dyads, but they are large, stable, and replicable wherever the ex ante probability of conflict is large. The authors provide a direct test of their conjecture by formulating a statistical model that includes its critical features. The approach, a version of a "neural network" model, uncovers some structural features of international conflict and also functions as an evaluative measure by forecasting. Moreover, it is easy to evaluate whether the neural network model is a statistical improvement over the simpler models commonly used.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is beckkingzeng.zip, which unzips to data and program files that include a readme file. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigators if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01220.v1
title: Feeding the National Accounts
title: Version 1

description: A complex tracking system called the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) is used to measure and monitor the United States economy. This article surveys the main data sources currently used in NIPA. It is not primarily an article about methodology, but focuses instead on the raw inputs to the process: Who is answering what kinds of questions? Closer acquaintance with the data sources behind the accounts highlights the considerable uncertainty about exact magnitudes of various aggregate quantities (and their growth rates) and the need for ongoing evaluation of the data collection efforts that support the accounts.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: The file submitted is 0003jr.xls, a data file.
These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01221.v1
title: What Do New-Keynesian Phillips Curves Imply for Price-Level Targeting?
title: Version 1

description: This article extends the analysis of price-level targeting to a model including the New-Keynesian Phillips Curve. The authors examine inflation-output variability tradeoffs implied by optimal inflation and price-level rules. In previous work with the Neoclassical Phillips Curve, the authors found that the choice between inflation targeting and price-level targeting depended on the amount of persistence in the output gap. That is, if the output gap was not too persistent, or if lagged output did not enter the aggregate supply function, then inflation targets were preferred to price-level targets. When one starts with a New-Keynesian Phillips Curve, the amount of persistence in the output gap still affects the relative placement of the inflation-output variability tradeoff. But, contrary to the Neoclassical case, even where the persistence of the output gap in the aggregate supply function is small or nonexistent, the price-level targeting regime still results in a more favorable tradeoff between output and inflation variability than does an inflation-targeting regime.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted, 0003rd.prg, contains Gauss programs. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigators if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01222.v1
title: Agricultural Outcomes and Monetary Policy Actions: Strange Bedfellows or Kissin' Cousins?
title: Version 1

description: United States agriculture is a success story of high productivity growth maintained over a long period of time. Nevertheless, the industry today suffers from the same problems it has always suffered from: droughts, locusts, and market disruptions. In this article, the authors explain how monetary policy can contribute to a healthy agriculture sector. The reality is that the fundamental economic forces controlling the destiny of agriculture -- high productivity growth, the hazards of nature, the low price and income elasticities of demand, and the instability of conditions in important export markets -- are things that the Federal Reserve Board can do nothing about. The main message is that the best the Fed can do to stabilize the agricultural sector is to maintain low and steady inflation.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted is 0005kk.xls, which contains data and calculations for Figures 1-5 and Table 1. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01223.v1
title: Real Output in Switzerland: New Estimates for 1913-1947
title: Version 1

description: In this article, the authors provide an estimate of the real gross domestic product of Switzerland between 1914 and 1947. The estimate is obtained from published data on three other measures of Swiss economic activity during this period: net national product, industrial production, and the transport volume of Swiss railroads. These underlying series closely represent the economic growth of Switzerland, but they also seem unreasonably volatile as proxy measures of total production, and hence are filtered by moving averages. Although such smoothing might reduce the accuracy of the estimates, comparisons to United States data suggest any such loss is small.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: The files submitted are 0005rad.zip and 0005rad.exe, which contain the data files SWISSGDP.XLS and swissgdp.rat, and 0005rap.zip and 0005rap.exe, which contain the program files Program1.prg and Program2.prg for Figures 1-10 and Tables 2-6 of the article. There is also a readme.txt file that describes the data and program files.
These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01224.v1
title: Bank Competition and Concentrations: The Impact of Credit Unions
title: Version 1

description: One aspect of the financial services industry is that for-profit institutions, such as commercial banks, compete directly with not-for-profit financial intermediaries, such as credit unions. In this article, the authors analyze the competition between banks and credit unions. Using annual county-level data on banking-market concentration and household participation rates at occupational credit unions for the period between 1989 and 1996, the authors find empirical evidence of two-way competitive interactions between banks and credit unions.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The files submitted are 0005wed.zip and 0005wed.exe, which contain the data files, and 0005wep.zip and 0005wep.exe, which contain the program files. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01226.v1
title: Variations in the Diffusion of State Lottery Adoptions: How Revenue Dedication Changes Morality Politics
title: Version 1

description: The article investigates the different causes funded by state lotteries. Both lotteries that fund education and those that provide general revenue are examined.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The files submitted are psjfile.sst, an SST dataset, and readme.txt, an ASCII file describing the dataset and replication of results. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01227.v1
title: Legislative Professionalism and Incumbent Reelection: The Development of Institutional Boundaries
title: Version 1

description: It is well established that legislators from highly professionalized bodies are more likely to win reelection than members of less professionalized legislatures. The authors of this article find that the effect of professionalization on incumbent electoral success is far more pervasive. As the level of professionalism of a legislature increases, members' relationships with the legislature's environment change: the effects of external political and economic forces (such as coattails from higher-level elections and national economic conditions) on a legislator's chances for reelection diminish in strength. This implies that legislative professionalization promotes institutionalization by establishing boundaries that insulate members from external shocks. The authors reach these conclusions by specifying and testing a district-level model of state legislative election outcomes having the probability that an incumbent will win reelection as a dependent variable. The model is estimated with probit using data for over 42,000 state legislators from 1970 to 1989.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) Two zip files are provided. The file berry.zip contains the information necessary to replicate the results of the article. After unzipping berry.zip, open the file readme.pdf for instructions. The file unpubsup.zip contains the information necessary to print a copy of the "unpublished supplement" cited in the article. After unzipping unpubsup.zip, open the file read1st.pdf for instructions. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigators if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01228.v1
title: International Bond Markets and the Intro of the Euro
title: Version 1

description: In this article, the author analyzes the future prospects of the euro as an international currency from a portfolio perspective. Using daily bond and exchange-rate data during the period 1996-1998, the author constructs an optimal benchmark portfolio for representative investors from the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the three major European countries participating in the euro: France, Germany, and Italy. Subsequently, the author distinguishes three plausible (euro) exchange-rate scenarios and three plausible (European) bond market scenarios as a result of the introduction of the euro. Then, the portfolio optimization is implemented again under the nine scenarios. Generally, the outcomes suggest that an increase in net demand for euro assets is unlikely, due to the inherent reduction of attractive diversification possibilities. For a given eurobond supply, this in turn implies a depreciation of the euro. Potential entry of the United Kingdom into the euro area is not seen to change the results. However, increasing depth and liquidity of European bond markets, together with lower transaction costs, may reverse the conclusions. Finally, the author shows that both actual supply and demand developments in international bond markets in 1999 are consistent with the observed depreciation of the euro relative to the United States dollar.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) Two files were submitted: 0009ck.xls, a data file, and 0009ckp.zip, which contains program files and a description file, 0009ckp.doc. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01229.v1
title: Do Changes in Reserves Proxy Well for Official Intervention?
title: Version 1

description: The study of foreign exchange intervention has been slowed by the traditional reluctance of central banks to release intervention data to researchers. To circumvent the lack of actual intervention data, researchers often have used publicly available foreign exchange reserves data to proxy for the confidential intervention data. Little research has been done, however, to compare the characteristics of reserves and intervention. In this article, the author addresses that issue by using time-series techniques and measures of correlation to compare American, Swiss, and German monthly intervention and reserves series. Although the raw correlations are modest, ranging from about 0.12 to 0.42, some simple adjustments for seasonality and ERM realignments can increase the correlations in the Swiss and German data. More sophisticated adjustment techniques would be difficult and time-consuming.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted, 0009cn.zip, contains program and description files. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr02341.v1
title: Three-Wave Political Socialization Panel Survey of Children in the San Francisco East Bay Area, 1968-1969
title: Version 1

description: This study investigated a number of substantive and methodological questions concerning the political socialization of children. Specifically, the study explored children's images of the American president, political participation, political knowledge, the generalization of nonpolitical experience to political participation and political efficacy, orientations toward political strategies, political system satisfaction, perceived governmental responsiveness, youth politics, party identification, and perceptions of political parties. Due to the timing of the survey -- the first wave was conducted in December 1968, the second in January 1969, and the third in May-June 1969, a period covering the transition from one president to another of a different political party affiliation -- children's changing attitudes toward presidential figures were measured. Also, children's developing images of a newly-elected president over a six-month period were studied. In addition, the data collection provides teachers' responses to questions concerning the political content of the curriculum as well as their views about the appropriateness of discussing such matters in the classroom. The methodological features of this collection allow comparisons of closed- (Parts 1, 3, and 5) and open-ended (Parts 2, 4, and 6) question forms and the study of the cross-time stability of children's political party choices and other opinions, as well as comparisons with political socialization studies in France and the United States, from which exact question wordings were replicated. Parts 7-8 (Waves 1-3, Closed-Form and Open-Form Data, respectively) contain the responses of individuals who participated in all three waves of the survey. A range of background variables were measured, including age, sex, race, intelligence-ability, religion, father's occupation, education, and social interests.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS0: Study-Level Files 
 DS1: Wave 1, Closed-Form Data 
 DS2: Wave 1, Open-Form Data 
 DS3: Wave 2, Closed-Form Data 
 DS4: Wave 2, Open-Form Data 
 DS5: Wave 3, Closed-Form Data 
 DS6: Wave 3, Open-Form Data 
 DS7: Waves 1-3, Closed-Form Data 
 DS8: Waves 1-3, Open-Form Data
description: Children attending 4th, 6th, and 8th grades in public and Catholic schools in the San Francisco Bay area in 1968-1969.
description: The sample comprises 4th-, 6th-, and 8th-grade students attending two public schools in Berkeley, California, and three public schools and two Catholic schools in Oakland, California.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01230.v1
title: History of the Asymmetric Policy Directive
title: Version 1

description: From 1983 through 1999, policy directives issued by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) contained a statement pertaining to possible future policy actions, which was known as the "symmetry," "tilt," or "bias" of the directive. In May 1999, the FOMC began to announce publicly the symmetry of its current directive. This resulted in much speculation about the meaning of asymmetric directives, which the FOMC had never officially defined. In this article, the authors. investigate three suggested interpretations: (1) Asymmetry was intended to convey likely changes in policy either between FOMC meetings or at the next meeting, (2) Asymmetry increased the chairman's authority to change policy in the direction indicated by the specified asymmetry, and (3) Asymmetric language was used primarily to build consensus among voting FOMC members. The authors find strong support in the implementation of monetary policy only for the consensus-building hypothesis.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted, 0009dtd.xls, contains data and program files. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigators if further information is desired.
DOI: 10.3886/icpsr01231.v1
title: Thresholds for Prime Rate Changes and Tests for Symmetry
title: Version 1

description: The popular assertion -- that banks raise loan rates more readily than they lower them in opposite circumstances -- returns to the forefront during every period of declining market interest rates. Perhaps this assertion captures attention because since the 1980s, the ubiquity of credit card balances means that consumer loan rates affect more people than ever. In this article, the author presents specific tests for asymmetric behavior in bank loan rates. The results suggest that the bank prime lending rate, in particular, is slower to decrease than increase. The findings also suggest that one has to put the asymmetry in perspective. The prime rate does not remain far above where it would be in the absence of asymmetry. In addition, the asymmetry probably is the market's response to the rise in default and late payment probabilities that occurs during cyclical downturns in the economy.
description: Datasets: 
 
 DS1: Dataset
description: (1) The file submitted, 0009md.zip, contains the program and data files. (2) These data are part of ICPSR's Publication-Related Archive and are distributed exactly as they arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigators if further information is desired.