cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288715.v1
title: THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE CITRUS MEALYBUG, PLANOCOCCUS CITRI (RISSO) (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) ON COFFEE PLANTS

description: ABSTRACT The knowledge of mealybug distribution on coffee plants improves the monitoring and control efficiency of this pest. The mealybug distribution on coffee plants (Coffea arabica L., cv Mundo Novo), was evaluated at five temperatures. The plant was divided into the following segments: upper part (new leaves, fourth and fifth leaf pair, stalk included), middle part (cotyledons until third leaf pair, stalk included) and bottom part (plant neck and roots). Ten nymphs of second and third instars were placed in equal numbers on the upper and bottom part. Plants were kept in a growth chamber at 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35° C. The mealybugs were counted 7 days after infestation, registering the plant part where they located. Their distribution varied according with the rearing temperature. At 20 and 25° C the insects were distributed evenly; at 15°C they migrated to the bottom part, mainly to the roots; at 30° C they were concentrated at the upper part and at 35° C they were found at the middle part.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288714.v1
title: RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO LEPTOSPIRA SPP. SEROVAR HARDJO INFECTION IN SHEEP-ONLY HERDS AND IN SHEEP-CATTLE HERDS

description: ABSTRACT Leptospira spp. serovar Hardjo infection is endemic in Brazilian cattle herds. The main risk factors for infection by serovar Hardjo are introduction of infected bovine into free herds, access to surface water and grazing sheep and cattle together. The present study investigated the risk factors involved in serovar Hardjo infection in sheep-only herds and in sheep grazing together with cattle herds in the region of Sorocaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Serum samples from eight herds not vaccinated against leptospirosis, five consisting of cattle and sheep and three with sheep only, were examined by microscopic agglutination test. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied taking into account sanitary and zootechnical management and environmental conditions. All herds showed reactors to Leptospira spp.: 51.16% (22/43) in cattle-sheep herds and 70.83% (17/24) in sheep-only herds (p = 0.191); but only the cattle-sheep herds showed at least one reactor to the serovar Hardjo, which was absent in all the sheep-only herds. Grazing cattle and sheep together was the only significant risk factor for serovar Hardjo infection (p = 0.018). When the total of sheep raised in sheep-only herds was compared with those raised with cattle, the risk associated with grazing these species together was significant for the presence of serovar Hardjo (p = 0.005). It was concluded that serovar Hardjo in sheep was directly related to the presence of bovines, regardless of other risk factors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288711.v1
title: THE EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF PLANT SPECIES ON THE MULTIPLICATION OF ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS LINFORD & OLIVEIRA.

description: ABSTRACT The search for alternative measures for the control of nematodes has been stimulated, and the application of plant extracts can become a viable measure for small farmers. This study evaluated the effect on the multiplication of Rotylenchulus reniformis when aqueous extracts of eight plant species were added to the soil. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions with maximum and minimum temperatures of 34.2 and 25.6° C, respectively. Cotton plants were inoculated with 4,000 nematode eggs and then a volume of 20 mL of aqueous extracts obtained from leaves of Crotalaria spectabilis, Arctium lappa, Plectranthus barbatus, Rosmarinus officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Cajanus cajan, Mucuna aterrima and Momordica charantia was added. The inoculum was obtained from pure populations multiplied in cotton plants, kept in a greenhouse. After 60 days the number of eggs, plant height, stem diameter and fresh weight of shoots and roots was evaluated. The extracts of Cajanus cajan, Origanum vulgare. Mucuna aterrima, and Momordica charantia reduced the number of eggs by 28, 28, 44 and 60% respectively. In relation to stem diameter, the extracts of M. aterrima and C. cajan differed from the control and the other treatments. In relation to the weight of the shoot, extracts of C. cajan. P. barbatus. M. aterrima and C. spectabilis differed from the control and the other treatments. Therefore, the extracts of M. aterrima. C. cajan. O. vulgare and M. charantia can serve as options for the control of R. reniformis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288708.v1
title: MYCELIUM GROWTH OF PLEUROTUS SPP. IN RICE STRAW SUPPLEMENTED WITH LEATHER SAWDUST

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the biomass production, mycelial growth and colonization of rice-straw substrate by Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus ostreatoroseus under the effect of adding vegetable-tanned leather sawdust. The first experiment consisted of the formulation of the culture media based on rice straw with the addition of leather sawdust at the concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%. Discs of mycelium of P. ostreatus (BF24) and P. ostreatoroseus (POR01/06) were transferred to the center of plates containing previously prepared media. They were incubated at 28° C. In the second experiment rice straw substrate underwent the same experimental conditions described above. The substrate inoculated with the two strains was placed in test tubes and incubated at 28° C. The fungal biomass was evaluated by the difference between wet weight and dry weight, while for the mycelial growth, measurements were performed at predetermined times until the complete colonization of the medium or substrate. For P. ostreatus, it was found that the treatments with the addition of 5, 15 and 25% and 15% of this supplement led to a lower biomass and mycelial growth, respectively. In the mycelial growth phase the addition of 5% of this supplement to the rice straw had a positive effect on the development of P. ostreatus.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288707.v1
title: FRUGIVOROUS FLIES (DIPTERA: LONCHAEIDAE) IN IRRIGATED COFFEE PLANTATIONS IN THE NORTH OF MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT This work surveyed the frugivorous flies species (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) associated with the coffee crop of the Jaíba Project, in the north of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Flies were collected in two coffee plantations of 0.5 ha each (areas 1 and 2) and in another one of 2 ha (area 3), all of them irrigated and grown under full sun with the red Catuaí variety. The survey of insects was carried out from January 2009 to April 2010, in the ripening phase. The insects were sampled from ripe fruits, fallen on the ground, and those picked from the plant. A total of 497 individuals were obtained, from which 245 were females and 252 were males. The identified species were Neosilba pendula (Bezzi), N. zadolicha (McAlpine & Steyskal) and N. inesperata (Strikis & Prado), with a predominance of N. pendula (94.1%). This is the first record of N. inesperata in Minas Gerais.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288706.v1
title: VIRULENCE AND BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ISARIA JAVANICA (FRIEDER & BALLY) SAMSON & HYWELL-JONES IN COPTOTERMES GESTROI (WASMANN) (ISOPTERA: RHINOTERMITIDAE).

description: ABSTRACT The Asiatic termite Coptotermes gestroi is considered a pest in urban areas causing extensive damage to houses, buildings and trees. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of Isaria javanica URM4993 and URM4995 on workers of C. gestroi. Insects were sprayed with concentrations of 104 at 108 conidia/mL and kept in an incubator at 25 ± 1º C and 80 ± 10% relative humidity. Results were used to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) and lethal time (LT50). Conidia production on dead insects was assessed. Biological aspects related to germination and sporulation, before and after infection with C. gestroi were also assessed. The fungus was virulent to termites, causing infection at all tested concentrations, with I. javanica URM4993 being the most virulent, causing 100% mortality after six days of inoculation (LC50 of 4.86 x 10 conidia/mL and LT50 of 2.26 days). Sporulation on dead insects did not differ between strains. The percentage of germination was greater for reisolated strains than for standard strains. However, I. javanica URM4993 showed greater sporulation. These results show that the fungus is a candidate for the biological control of termites.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288705.v1
title: IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF RHIZOBACTERIA ON MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA, M. JAVANICA AND PRATYLENCHUS ZEAE

description: ABSTRACT Considering the losses caused by nematodes to different host plant, rhizobacteria are presented as an alternative to to control uch pathogens. So the goal of this study was to evaluate in vitro the action of 20 isolates of rhizobacteria on hatching and motility of second stage juveniles of the Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica and on the motility of Pratylenchus zeae. The experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions and in a completely randomize design with four replications, and each experimental plot was represented by a hatching chamber. Measurements were spaced every 72 hours. After the evaluations showed that the isolates not influenced the emergence of M. incognita. M. javanica entertaining for isolates FCAV FCAV 8 and 10 showed pronounced ovicidal action. Among the isolates tested on the motility root-knot nematode, only isolates of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilis showed potential as an agent for control of second stage juveniles of M. javanica. When we assessed the motility of isolated active on specimens of .. zeae isolates the FCAV 5, 7 and FCAV B.amyloliquefaciens exhibited potential as agents of biological control of .. zeae. These results confirm that among the rhizobacteria may be found effective agents for the control of nematodes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288703.v1
title: INFLUENCE OF SOMATIC CELL COUNTING IN THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MASTITIS IN DAIRY HERDS

description: ABSTRACT The objectives of this research were to investigate and quantify the influence of the somatic cell count (SCC) on the economic impact of mastitis. The work was carried out by means of data simulation in CU$TO MASTITE software system, taking into account dairy herds with 250,000; 500,000; 750,000 and 1,000.000 cells/mL of milk. Were considered as prevention expenses on monitoring (culture and antibiogram, bulk tank SCC and individual SCC) pre and post dipping, vaccination, treatment of dry cows and maintenance of milking machine. As curative measures, treatment of clinical cases were considered, which percentage was 7% of the lactating cows. The impact of mastitis was estimated as being the total in losses added of expenses on both prevention and treatment of clinic cases. Increased bulk tank somatic cell count influenced directly the economic impact of mastitis. The high economic impact highlights the need for monitoring of clinic and subclinical mastitis and adoption of preventive measures to decrease the impacts. The expenses on preventive treatment represents, in the maximum, 10.8% of the economic impact which demonstrates advantages in investing on that practice, once it will contribute significantly to the decrease of bulk tank SCC and, consequently to reduce the economic impact of mastitis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288702.v1
title: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OFAEROMONAS SPP. USING REP AND ERIC-PCR IN BOVINE ABATTOIR

description: ABSTRACT The genus Aeromonas comprises important human pathogens and the gastroenteritises are the most common infections attributed to these microorganisms. Considering their importance as foodborne pathogens, the occurrence of Aeromonas spp. was studied on bovine carcasses and in the environment of an abattoir in State of São Paulo, Brazil, with the aim of defining the possible origin of these bacteria in the abattoir environment using molecular methods. Fifteen samples from 19 points were collected, totaling 285 units. The collecting points were: dry and wet skin, muscle surface of the carcasses during trimming process and refrigerated carcasses, operatives’ hands from the slaughter room before and during the work and from refrigerated rooms, knives, wall and floor from refrigerated room, water (chlorinated, nonchlorinated and from carcass washing), meat, intestinal content and slaughter room environment. Characterization of the genus was performed and the isolates were analyzed with REP (Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic) and ERIC-PCR (Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus PCR) techniques. A similarity of ? 99% was found only between one isolate from the muscle surface of one refrigerated carcass with one isolate from a hand. The molecular techniques did not enable the precise identification of the bacteria’s origin within the industry, but they permitted the inference that the operatives can spread Aeromonas in the slaughter environment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288694.v1
title: OBTAINMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN IMMUNOGENIC CONJUGATE OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE AND BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN

description: ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an etiologic agent of opportunistic infections mainly in immunocompromised patients. Its inherent feature of developing resistance to a wide range of antibacterial agents make it a critical point in infection control. In animals, problems with multidrug resistance occur in otitis, cystitis, uveo-conjunctivitis, endometritis and mastitis, and there is no commercially available vaccine. With the aim of improving its immunogenicity, the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen was coupled to bovine serum albumin (BSA) with .-periodate as the reductive agent. The conjugation was evaluated by gel-permeation chromatography, by quantitating total sugar and protein, and both LPS and BSA were detected in similar proportions. The immunization of mice with LPS-BSA conjugate vaccine resulted in an agglutinating antibody response against P. aeruginosa lower than that obtained for a mixture of free LPS and BSA. They were 65% and 86% lower in the 6th and 10th weeks after the hyperimmunization procedure, respectively. This indicates that the conjugation reaction resulted in an immunogenic product, however its quality should be improved.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288691.v1
title: BIOLOGY OF SUPELLA LONGIPALPA (FABRICIUS) (DICTYOPTERA: BLATELLIDAE) ON ARTIFICIAL DIET AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH MICROORGANISMS PATHOGENIC TO HUMANS

description: ABSTRACT The present study was aimed at assessing the biological parameters of Supella longipalpa (Fabricius), as well as its potential for being contaminated by fungi and bacteria. Collections were carried out in households located in three neighborhoods: Nossa Senhora das Graças, Betânia and Alvorada in the city of Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil. An average of 13.6 nymphs were obtained per ootheca with a retention period of 39.2 hours on the female’s body and a release interval from one ootheca to the other in 134.4 hours. Five nymph instars with 68.5% viability were obtained in the nymph stage. The sex ratio was 49.6 with a pre-reproductive period of 6 days and an average of 6.7 oothecae per female. The entire developing cycle lasted 218.56 days. In the nymph and adult stages (male and female), there was found a prevalence of association with fungi from the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus and gram-negative bacteria with Enterobacter and Klebsiella genera prevailing in the three neighborhoods.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288690.v1
title: BIOTRANSFORMATION OF A PAPER AND CELLULOSE FACTORY EFFLUENT IN THE PRESENCE OF LACCASE AND HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE

description: ABSTRACT The biodegradation of effluent from an industrial paper mill was monitored in relation to the parameters total phenols, low molar mass phenols and color during its incubation with laccase (Novozymes), laccase-HBT and peroxidase (Merck). The results revealed that the laccase reduced the effluent color by 37% and the peroxidase by 43%. Also, the enzymes had a great efficiency in the reduction of color, total phenols and high molar mass compounds contained in the effluent, indicating that depolymerization occurred.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288687.v1
title: INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT pH LEVELS AND CONCENTRATIONS OF CUTICULAR AND NONCUTICULAR SUBSTRATES ON THE PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE ISOLATES.

description: ABSTRACT Proteases produced by Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin are considered an important virulence factor, because they are fundamental in the process of penetration through the insect cuticle. The purpose of the present study was to verify the influence of different pH levels and concentrations of the substrates casein and cuticle of Mahanarva fimbriolata (Stål) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) on the proteolytic activity of isolates of M. anisopliae. Casein and cuticle from adult M. fimbriolata, both in the concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%, were added in minimum medium (MM) solid, without a carbon source. To verify pH influence on the proteolytic activity and possible pH change in the media, the media cited above were made with a pH indicator in the concentration that best influenced the proteolytic activity, with pH 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The enzymatic activity was determined from the enzyme relation index (ERI). Isolates of M. anisopliae presented distinct optimum concentrations for each substrate, being 1% for casein and 2% for cuticle from Mahanarva fimbriolata. Regarding pH, it was verified that there was greater proteolytic activity in casein with pH 8 and 9 and cuticle from Mahanarva fimbriolata with pH 6, 7 and 8. Beginning at the 5th growth day of the isolates there occurred a pH color change in the medium casein 1% with pH initial 6 and 7 to pH 8. Therefore, the concentration of the substrates studied and the pH of the media had an influence on the proteolytic activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288686.v1
title: ZOOSANITARY CHARACTERIZATION OF SHEEP AND GOAT FARMING IN HOMOGENOUS MICROREGIONS OF TERESINA, PIAUI, BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the health practices and describe the characteristics of sheep and goat farming in the homogeneous microregion (HMR) in Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. Forty-five goat and sheep farms were investigated, distributed in 14 cities. The average number of animals per herd was 129 and 121, for the goats and sheep, respectively. The animals used to form the herds originated in the states of Bahia, Pernambuco and Ceará. Animals with undefined breed (45.8%) and Santa Ines breed (35.4%) were the most frequent among the sheep, while for the goats it was undefined breed (55.3%) and Nubian goats (28.6%). The study showed that 42.2% of the 45 farms surveyed raised cattle as well as goats and/or sheep. The extensive rearing system was adopted on 71.1% of the farms. The health practices adopted most often by farmers were the disposing of needles and syringes after use, isolation of sick animals, and cutting and disinfecting the navel. Deworming was a practice used to control worms by 100.0% of producers. Vaccination was a practice adopted in 48.8% of the herds. The clinical changes most often mentioned were caseous lymphadenitis (64.4%), foot rot (62.2%) and diarrhea (60.0%). In conclusion, sheep and goat farming in the Teresina HMR is practiced extensively with reasonably proper installations, but still shows deficiencies in the use of health practices, which impair the prevention and control of diseases, particularly infectious and parasitic diseases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288684.v1
title: GEOPOLITIC DISTRIBUITION OF HEPATIC FASCIOLOSIS ON SANTIAGO ISLAND, CAPE VERDE

description: ABSTRACT A survey was carried out in order to study the geopolitical distribution of fascioliasis on Santiago Island, Cape Verde. During the evaluation, conducted from May to June 2008, measurements were made and recorded regarding the size and infection rates of the snail, pH and water temperature and vertebrate infection rates. Snails and bovine feces samples were collected at random in all municipalities of Santiago Island, except Tarrafal, properly packed, and sent to the Laboratory of National Institute of Agricultural Research and Development (INIDA) where they were analyzed. The results showed positive results for stool examinations of cattle and the presence of an intermediate host (Lymnaea natalensis) in all localities visited. A positive correlation was also found between the vertebrate and invertebrate infection rate, with the highest rate recorded in Santa Cruz (72.72%) and the lowest in Praia (16.66%). The average infection rate observed for the snails and cattle was 51.51% and 37.15%, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288682.v1
title: ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN WITH DIFFERENT MOLECULAR WEIGHTS ON ALTERNARIA SOLANI

description: ABSTRACT Chitosan has shown significant antifungal activity against several plant pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal effect of chitosans on Alternaria solani, the causal agent of early blight in tomato. Three chitosans were used: a commercial one (Qcom), found in food supplement stores; one of low molecular weight (Qbpm; 50 - 190 KDa) and one of medium molecular weight (Qmpm; 190 - 310 KDa), the latter two obtained from Sigma Aldrich. The chitosan were deposited on slides, to assess the conidial germination and germ tube elongation, or incorporated into the BDA medium, to evaluate the mycelial growth of A. solani. The results showed an antifungal activity of these polysaccharides on A. solani, with inhibition of spore germination and mycelial growth of 85% and 50%, respectively, when used at concentrations of 0.125 mg/mL and 0.5 mg/mL. The molecular weight has not influenced the in vitro activity of chitosan.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288681.v1
title: STUDY ON A FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ACIBENZOLAR-S-METHYL TO INDUCE RESISTANCE TO ASIAN RUST IN SOYBEANS AND GRAY LEAF SPOT OF MAIZE

description: ABSTRACT Induced systemic resistance may present promising benefits for the management of various diseases of plants. In soybeans and corn this tactic could bring benefits such as reduction of damage and lower production costs. In order to evaluate the effects of the application of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) on soybeans and corn for the control of Phakopsora pachyrhizi H. Sydow & P. Sydow and Cercospora spp. (C. zeae-maydis Tehon & Daniels, Zeina C. Crous & U. Braun and C. sorghi var. Maydis Everh & Ellis), four field experiments were conducted with these crops. In soybeans, the experiment was conducted in Maracaju/MS, Brazil, on the variety CD 219 RR with the application of 5 different treatments consisting of the spraying of herbicide, insecticides and fungicides with and without the association of ASM at different stages of the crop. In corn, 2 experiments were conducted in the 2008 off-season in Aral Moreira-MS (hybrid Somma) and Maracaju/MS (hybrid 2B710) with the application of ASM alone and in combination with azoxystrobin + cyproconazole at 2 different stages of plant development. Another test was conducted with corn in the summer of 2008/2009 with the hybrid AG 9040 in Maracaju/MS, also with the application of ASM alone and in combination with azoxystrobin + cyproconazole sprayed on up to 3 different stages of the corn plants. None of the experiments conducted showed benefits of using ASM either alone or in mixture with fungicides for the control of soybean rust and gray leaf spot in maize; only the use of chemical fungicides controlled the fungus, regardless of the addition of ASM.