cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928828.v1
title: Pyroligneous extract doses in orchids culture

description: Pyroligneous extract has been used in the cultivation of plants for various purposes in agriculture such as improvement of plant development, organic fertilization, soil conditioner and root induction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of different doses of pyroligneous extract in the cultivation of the orchid Cattleya loddigesii Lindl. In vitro propagated plants were used, grown in pots containing a substrate composed of coconut fiber, pine bark and carbonized rice husk (1:1:1 v/v/v). Irrigation was carried out manually, twice a week in the fall and winter and three times a week in spring and summer. The treatments were as follows:: 0 (control); 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4; 0.5 and 0.6%, which corresponded to 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 mL.L- 1 of pyroligneous extract, respectively, which were applied using the product diluted in water at the volume of 50 mL per pot every 30 days. After 12 months from the beginning of the experiment, the following were evaluated: height of aerial part, number of buds, number of leaves, number of pseudobulbs, length of the longest root, number of roots,largest leaf length, total fresh mass, aerial part dry mass part, and substrate pH. The leaf chemical analysis was performed for the following elements: calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen. It was observed that the application of pyroligneous extract was effective in the cultivation of Cattleya loddigesii Lindl, being recommended the dose of 0.6%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928833
title: Growth, physiological indices and yield of common bean cultivars under different levels of fertilization

description: Knowledge of the accumulation and distribution of phytomass in common bean plants under different levels of fertilization can improve crop management. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, physiological indices and yield of common bean cultivars under different levels of NPK fertilization. The experiment was carried out on a dystroferric Red Nitosol , in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, in a split plot randomized block design, with four replications. Plots were constituted of six treatments (Pérola without fertilization, Pérola with 50% of recommended fertilization, Pérola with 100% of recommended fertilization, IAC Alvorada without fertilization, IAC Alvorada with 50% of recommended fertilization, and IAC Alvorada with 100% of the recommended fertilization) and subplots were made up by seven harvest times during the growth cycle. The NPK fertilization increased similarly the dry matter accumulation, yield components, and grains yield of cultivars of Pérola and IAC Alvorada. Under recommended fertilization, IAC Alvorada cultivar showed higher leaf area index and leaf dry matter accumulation than Pérola; however, with no effects on the increase of grain yield. Regardless of treatment, the maximum dry matter accumulation was achieved at 80 DAE and the highest crop growth rate occurred at 55 DAE.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928833.v1
title: Growth, physiological indices and yield of common bean cultivars under different levels of fertilization

description: Knowledge of the accumulation and distribution of phytomass in common bean plants under different levels of fertilization can improve crop management. The objective of this study was to evaluate growth, physiological indices and yield of common bean cultivars under different levels of NPK fertilization. The experiment was carried out on a dystroferric Red Nitosol , in Botucatu, State of São Paulo, in a split plot randomized block design, with four replications. Plots were constituted of six treatments (Pérola without fertilization, Pérola with 50% of recommended fertilization, Pérola with 100% of recommended fertilization, IAC Alvorada without fertilization, IAC Alvorada with 50% of recommended fertilization, and IAC Alvorada with 100% of the recommended fertilization) and subplots were made up by seven harvest times during the growth cycle. The NPK fertilization increased similarly the dry matter accumulation, yield components, and grains yield of cultivars of Pérola and IAC Alvorada. Under recommended fertilization, IAC Alvorada cultivar showed higher leaf area index and leaf dry matter accumulation than Pérola; however, with no effects on the increase of grain yield. Regardless of treatment, the maximum dry matter accumulation was achieved at 80 DAE and the highest crop growth rate occurred at 55 DAE.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928837
title: Growth and yield of corn hybrids in response to association with Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen fertilization

description: There is a growing interest in optimizing the positive effects of the association between Azospirillum bacteria and corn crop in order to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the inoculation efficiency of an A. brasilense-based commercial product in association with different rates of nitrogen fertilization in two corn genotypes. The experiment was arranged in a 2 x 2 x 5 factorial randomized block design, with four replications. The treatments consisted of two corn hybrids (30F53 and CD386); with and without inoculation with a commercial product based on A. brasilense and five nitrogen rates (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1). The variables plant height, basal stem diameter, leaf area, shoot dry matter, leaf nitrogen content, length and diameter of the cob, weight of 100 grains and grain yield were evaluated. Inoculation with A. brasilense provided increases of 11 and 12% in leaf area and shoot dry matter, respectively. There were differences in the response of the corn hybrids for most variables and the increase in nitrogen supply provided increments in the growth and yield of corn.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928837.v1
title: Growth and yield of corn hybrids in response to association with Azospirillum brasilense and nitrogen fertilization

description: There is a growing interest in optimizing the positive effects of the association between Azospirillum bacteria and corn crop in order to reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizers. This study aimed to evaluate the inoculation efficiency of an A. brasilense-based commercial product in association with different rates of nitrogen fertilization in two corn genotypes. The experiment was arranged in a 2 x 2 x 5 factorial randomized block design, with four replications. The treatments consisted of two corn hybrids (30F53 and CD386); with and without inoculation with a commercial product based on A. brasilense and five nitrogen rates (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1). The variables plant height, basal stem diameter, leaf area, shoot dry matter, leaf nitrogen content, length and diameter of the cob, weight of 100 grains and grain yield were evaluated. Inoculation with A. brasilense provided increases of 11 and 12% in leaf area and shoot dry matter, respectively. There were differences in the response of the corn hybrids for most variables and the increase in nitrogen supply provided increments in the growth and yield of corn.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928839
title: Effects of age on histological parameters of the sweat glands of Nellore cattle

description: The sweat glands are important in thermoregulation of cattle in a warm environment as they help dissipate heat through evaporation. Studies on gland histology are important to define its secretion potential and the capacity of perspiration and heat removal. The objective of this study was to determine, by histomorphometry, glandular epithelium height, the depth of the gland, length of the glandular portion and number of glands per cm2 of the sweat glands of the three age groups of Nellore cattle. Thirty females were used in this study. They were equally divided into calves, heifers and cows. Histological sections were obtained and analyzed by digital images in Trinocular BX40 Olympus microscope coupled to an Oly - 200 camera, connected to a computer. The images were obtained with microscope with 2x, 4x, 10x and 40x magnification objectives. The measurements were performed using HL Image 97 program. The height of glandular epithelium, depth of the glands, length and density of the glandular portion per cm2 , were all analyzed. The calves showed greater height of the glandular epithelium than heifers (P = 0.0024), and cows (P = 0.0191). The depth of the gland was not influenced by age. Cows had higher length of secretory portion than heifers (P = 0.0379) and calves (P = 0.0077). Heifers had a greater number of sweat glands per cm2 of skin than cows (P = 0.023). In cattle, the height of glandular epithelium and the density decreases as animals get older. On the other hand, the length of the secretor portion increases but with no changes in the depth of the sweat glands
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928839.v1
title: Effects of age on histological parameters of the sweat glands of Nellore cattle

description: The sweat glands are important in thermoregulation of cattle in a warm environment as they help dissipate heat through evaporation. Studies on gland histology are important to define its secretion potential and the capacity of perspiration and heat removal. The objective of this study was to determine, by histomorphometry, glandular epithelium height, the depth of the gland, length of the glandular portion and number of glands per cm2 of the sweat glands of the three age groups of Nellore cattle. Thirty females were used in this study. They were equally divided into calves, heifers and cows. Histological sections were obtained and analyzed by digital images in Trinocular BX40 Olympus microscope coupled to an Oly - 200 camera, connected to a computer. The images were obtained with microscope with 2x, 4x, 10x and 40x magnification objectives. The measurements were performed using HL Image 97 program. The height of glandular epithelium, depth of the glands, length and density of the glandular portion per cm2 , were all analyzed. The calves showed greater height of the glandular epithelium than heifers (P = 0.0024), and cows (P = 0.0191). The depth of the gland was not influenced by age. Cows had higher length of secretory portion than heifers (P = 0.0379) and calves (P = 0.0077). Heifers had a greater number of sweat glands per cm2 of skin than cows (P = 0.023). In cattle, the height of glandular epithelium and the density decreases as animals get older. On the other hand, the length of the secretor portion increases but with no changes in the depth of the sweat glands
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928840.v1
title: Histological alterations in liver and testis of Astyanax aff. bimaculatus caused by acute exposition to zinc

description: This study investigated the effect of acute exposition to zinc (Zn) on histology of the liver and testes of yellow tail lambari (Astyanax aff. bimaculatus). The exposure consisted of six concentrations of Zn (0, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L) for 96 hours of exposure. Fragments of liver and testis were routinely processed and embedded in plastic resin based on glycol methacrylate. Fragments of bones, muscles, liver and testis were dehydrated and digested to quantify the absorption levels of Zn in the tissue. Acute exposure to concentrations above 10mg/L has produced structural changes in the liver and gonads. The changes found in the liver were vascular congestion; decrease of cellular volume; displacement of the hepatocyte nucleus; necrosis; disarrangement of cordon structure; leukocyte infiltrate and vacuolization. The changes found in the gonads were ruptured cyst, delayed development of germ cells, pyknotic nucleus, cell cluster, displacement of cyst wall and vacuolization. The histological changes observed were compatible with the increasing concentration of zinc in environment, compromising liver and reproductive functions, because there was an increase in relative frequency of hepatocytes and reduced sperm production
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928840
title: Histological alterations in liver and testis of Astyanax aff. bimaculatus caused by acute exposition to zinc

description: This study investigated the effect of acute exposition to zinc (Zn) on histology of the liver and testes of yellow tail lambari (Astyanax aff. bimaculatus). The exposure consisted of six concentrations of Zn (0, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/L) for 96 hours of exposure. Fragments of liver and testis were routinely processed and embedded in plastic resin based on glycol methacrylate. Fragments of bones, muscles, liver and testis were dehydrated and digested to quantify the absorption levels of Zn in the tissue. Acute exposure to concentrations above 10mg/L has produced structural changes in the liver and gonads. The changes found in the liver were vascular congestion; decrease of cellular volume; displacement of the hepatocyte nucleus; necrosis; disarrangement of cordon structure; leukocyte infiltrate and vacuolization. The changes found in the gonads were ruptured cyst, delayed development of germ cells, pyknotic nucleus, cell cluster, displacement of cyst wall and vacuolization. The histological changes observed were compatible with the increasing concentration of zinc in environment, compromising liver and reproductive functions, because there was an increase in relative frequency of hepatocytes and reduced sperm production
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928843
title: Post-harvest conservation of fresh cut green corn under control atmosphere and refrigeration

description: The consumption of corn on the cob of normal type is traditional in Brazil. Its commercialization, as fresh product, properly cleaned and packaged, is being offered increasingly in the market as fresh cut corn. Therefore, it is necessary more studies about this kind of products. The aim of this study was evaluated the influence of two different atmospheres (2% O2 + 8% CO2, 4% O2 + 8% CO2) atmosphere and room atmosphere) under 5 °C on the quality of fresh cut corn (Embrapa HT1) on the cob of normal type for 12 days´ storage. The control atmospheres were effective in reducing the weight loss of cobs, which also showed lower values of total titratable acidity, which indicates lower respiratory activity. The soluble solids, total carotenoids, zeaxanthin, firmness and the glucose, fructose and sucrose contents were influenced only by the storage time. It can be verified that concentrations of reducing sugars were higher than the sucrose during the storage. The L* value decreased until 8 days of storage in all the atmospheres studied, with a small increase in control until day 12. All the samples of fresh cut corn studied, independent of the treatment, were within the acceptable microbiologic limits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928843.v1
title: Post-harvest conservation of fresh cut green corn under control atmosphere and refrigeration

description: The consumption of corn on the cob of normal type is traditional in Brazil. Its commercialization, as fresh product, properly cleaned and packaged, is being offered increasingly in the market as fresh cut corn. Therefore, it is necessary more studies about this kind of products. The aim of this study was evaluated the influence of two different atmospheres (2% O2 + 8% CO2, 4% O2 + 8% CO2) atmosphere and room atmosphere) under 5 °C on the quality of fresh cut corn (Embrapa HT1) on the cob of normal type for 12 days´ storage. The control atmospheres were effective in reducing the weight loss of cobs, which also showed lower values of total titratable acidity, which indicates lower respiratory activity. The soluble solids, total carotenoids, zeaxanthin, firmness and the glucose, fructose and sucrose contents were influenced only by the storage time. It can be verified that concentrations of reducing sugars were higher than the sucrose during the storage. The L* value decreased until 8 days of storage in all the atmospheres studied, with a small increase in control until day 12. All the samples of fresh cut corn studied, independent of the treatment, were within the acceptable microbiologic limits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928845.v1
title: Juvenile tree growth correlates with photosynthesis and leaf phosphorus content in central Amazonia

description: Light and soil water availability may limit carbon uptake of trees in tropical rainforests. The objective of this work was to determine how photosynthetic traits of juvenile trees respond to variations in rainfall seasonality, leaf nutrient content, and opening of the forest canopy. The correlation between leaf nutrient content and annual growth rate of saplings was also assessed. In a terra firme rainforest of the central Amazon, leaf nutrient content and gas exchange parameters were measured in five sapling tree species in the dry and rainy season of 2008. Sapling growth was measured in 2008 and 2009. Rainfall seasonality led to variations in soil water content, but it did not affect leaf gas exchange parameters. Subtle changes in the canopy opening affected CO2 saturated photosynthesis (A pot, p = 0.04). Although A pot was affected by leaf nutrient content (as follows: P &gt; Mg &gt; Ca &gt; N &gt; K), the relative growth rate of saplings correlated solely with leaf P content (r = 0.52, p = 0.003). At present, reduction in soil water content during the dry season does not seem to be strong enough to cause any effect on photosynthesis of saplings in central Amazonia. This study shows that leaf P content is positively correlated with sapling growth in the central Amazon. Therefore, the positive effect of atmospheric CO2 fertilization on long-term tree growth will depend on the ability of trees to absorb additional amount of P
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928845
title: Juvenile tree growth correlates with photosynthesis and leaf phosphorus content in central Amazonia

description: Light and soil water availability may limit carbon uptake of trees in tropical rainforests. The objective of this work was to determine how photosynthetic traits of juvenile trees respond to variations in rainfall seasonality, leaf nutrient content, and opening of the forest canopy. The correlation between leaf nutrient content and annual growth rate of saplings was also assessed. In a terra firme rainforest of the central Amazon, leaf nutrient content and gas exchange parameters were measured in five sapling tree species in the dry and rainy season of 2008. Sapling growth was measured in 2008 and 2009. Rainfall seasonality led to variations in soil water content, but it did not affect leaf gas exchange parameters. Subtle changes in the canopy opening affected CO2 saturated photosynthesis (A pot, p = 0.04). Although A pot was affected by leaf nutrient content (as follows: P &gt; Mg &gt; Ca &gt; N &gt; K), the relative growth rate of saplings correlated solely with leaf P content (r = 0.52, p = 0.003). At present, reduction in soil water content during the dry season does not seem to be strong enough to cause any effect on photosynthesis of saplings in central Amazonia. This study shows that leaf P content is positively correlated with sapling growth in the central Amazon. Therefore, the positive effect of atmospheric CO2 fertilization on long-term tree growth will depend on the ability of trees to absorb additional amount of P
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928848
title: Influence of strawberry jam color and phenolic compounds on acceptance during storage

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the color and phenolic compounds of strawberry jam on acceptance during storage. Jams were processed, stored for 120 days and evaluated monthly for chromatic characteristics, total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanins (ANT), total ellagic acid (TEA), flavonoids and free ellagic acid (FEA), and sensory acceptance as well. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means were compared by the Least Significant Difference (LSD). Cluster Analysis and Partial Least Square Regression (PLS) were performed to investigate the relationships between instrumental data and acceptance. Contents of ANT, TEA and redness decreased during storage. Other chemical characteristics and sensory acceptance showed a nonlinear behavior. Higher acceptance was observed after 60 days, suggesting a trend of quality improvement followed by decline to the initial levels. The same trend was observed for lightness, non-pigment flavonoids and FEA. According to PLS map, for consumers in cluster 2, acceptance was associated to jams at 60 days and to luminosity, FEA, and non-pigment flavonoids. For cluster 1, a positive association between flavor liking, jam at initial storage, and the contents of TEA and ANT was indicated. Jams at 120 days were positively associated to hue and negatively associated to color liking, for cluster 1. Color and texture were positively correlated to overall liking for cluster 2, whereas for cluster 1, overall acceptance seemed to be more associated to flavor liking. Changes in color and phenolic compounds slightly influenced the acceptance of strawberry jams, but in different ways for consumers clusters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928848.v1
title: Influence of strawberry jam color and phenolic compounds on acceptance during storage

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the color and phenolic compounds of strawberry jam on acceptance during storage. Jams were processed, stored for 120 days and evaluated monthly for chromatic characteristics, total phenolic compounds, total anthocyanins (ANT), total ellagic acid (TEA), flavonoids and free ellagic acid (FEA), and sensory acceptance as well. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means were compared by the Least Significant Difference (LSD). Cluster Analysis and Partial Least Square Regression (PLS) were performed to investigate the relationships between instrumental data and acceptance. Contents of ANT, TEA and redness decreased during storage. Other chemical characteristics and sensory acceptance showed a nonlinear behavior. Higher acceptance was observed after 60 days, suggesting a trend of quality improvement followed by decline to the initial levels. The same trend was observed for lightness, non-pigment flavonoids and FEA. According to PLS map, for consumers in cluster 2, acceptance was associated to jams at 60 days and to luminosity, FEA, and non-pigment flavonoids. For cluster 1, a positive association between flavor liking, jam at initial storage, and the contents of TEA and ANT was indicated. Jams at 120 days were positively associated to hue and negatively associated to color liking, for cluster 1. Color and texture were positively correlated to overall liking for cluster 2, whereas for cluster 1, overall acceptance seemed to be more associated to flavor liking. Changes in color and phenolic compounds slightly influenced the acceptance of strawberry jams, but in different ways for consumers clusters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19928849.v1
title: Job satisfaction among rural extension agents: a qualitative research in Caldas, Colombia

description: As a contribution to the positioning of the rural extension as multidimensional object of study, we analyzed the assessments made by rural extension agents about situations inherent to their everyday experience of work, followed by the identification of factors of job satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Consistent with the qualitative nature of the study, the information was generated from semi-structured interviews with 23 rural extension agents affiliated to the Agency of Agricultural Technical Assistance (UMATA) in five municipalities of Caldas State, Colombia. The analysis identified eight factors: a) love for the profession, b) possibilities of social projection, c) scope and display of achievements, d) public recognition, e) promotion opportunities, f) possibilities of continuous learning, g) autonomy, h) labor stability. We concluded that ignoring the emotional condition of the extension agents towards the job produces the risk of creating or preserving scenes that limit the commitment with the social work practice realized and the preservation of the professional vocation.