cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8848373
title: Herbage intake by cattle in kikuyugrass pastures under intermittent stocking method

description: ABSTRACT Two complementary experiments were conducted to investigate the relationships between the canopy structure of Pennisetum clandestinum (kikuyugrass) pastures created by intermittent stocking strategies and daily herbage intake by cattle. The first experiment (Exp. I) evaluated the relationship between different pre-grazing heights (10, 15, 20, and 25 cm) and a single defoliation intensity (50% reduction in the initial heights). In the second experiment (Exp. II), four defoliation intensities (40, 50, 60, or 70% reduction in height) were combined with a single pre-grazing height (25 cm). The following variables were analyzed: i) plant-part composition, herbage mass, and bulk density of the grazing layer; and ii) daily herbage intake. The data were analyzed using orthogonal polynomial contrasts. The Tukey-Kramer test was used to compare daily herbage intake means so that the differences among treatments could be characterized. In general, herbage intake decreased as the pre-grazing canopy height decreased (Exp. I; P = 0.03) and as defoliation intensity increased (Exp. II; P = 0.02). These response patterns were associated with canopy structure, both that existing before and that created during the stocking period. In conclusion, pre-grazing heights lower than 25 cm or defoliation intensities greater than 40% reduce daily herbage intake by cattle in kikuyugrass pastures under intermittent stocking.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8848373.v1
title: Herbage intake by cattle in kikuyugrass pastures under intermittent stocking method

description: ABSTRACT Two complementary experiments were conducted to investigate the relationships between the canopy structure of Pennisetum clandestinum (kikuyugrass) pastures created by intermittent stocking strategies and daily herbage intake by cattle. The first experiment (Exp. I) evaluated the relationship between different pre-grazing heights (10, 15, 20, and 25 cm) and a single defoliation intensity (50% reduction in the initial heights). In the second experiment (Exp. II), four defoliation intensities (40, 50, 60, or 70% reduction in height) were combined with a single pre-grazing height (25 cm). The following variables were analyzed: i) plant-part composition, herbage mass, and bulk density of the grazing layer; and ii) daily herbage intake. The data were analyzed using orthogonal polynomial contrasts. The Tukey-Kramer test was used to compare daily herbage intake means so that the differences among treatments could be characterized. In general, herbage intake decreased as the pre-grazing canopy height decreased (Exp. I; P = 0.03) and as defoliation intensity increased (Exp. II; P = 0.02). These response patterns were associated with canopy structure, both that existing before and that created during the stocking period. In conclusion, pre-grazing heights lower than 25 cm or defoliation intensities greater than 40% reduce daily herbage intake by cattle in kikuyugrass pastures under intermittent stocking.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257848.v1
title: Chiseling and gypsum application affecting soil physical attributes, root growth and soybean yield

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chiseling and gypsum application on soil physical properties, soybean root growth and grain yield. An experiment was carried out in Londrina, Paraná state, Brazil, under a randomized complete block design, with six replications. The soil in the experimental area is classified as a dystroferric Red Latosol (Oxisol), containing 720 g kg-1 of clay. The experiment comprised four treatments: (1) continuous no-tillage (CNT) system without gypsum application, (2) CNT with gypsum application at 3.5 Mg ha-1, (3) chiseled soil without gypsum, and (4) chiseled soil with gypsum application. Regardless of gypsum application, chiseling increased water infiltration rate in soil and reduced penetration resistance. Gypsum application affected neither water infiltration nor soil penetration resistance in both no-tillage (NT) and chiseled soil systems. Moreover, gypsum application improved soybean root development at a depth range of 0.20-0.40 m in NT system. Chiseling increased root growth in the surface layer (0-0.20 m depth). Either isolated or combined, chiseling and gypsum application had no impact on soybean grain yield throughout one cropping season.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10257848
title: Chiseling and gypsum application affecting soil physical attributes, root growth and soybean yield

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chiseling and gypsum application on soil physical properties, soybean root growth and grain yield. An experiment was carried out in Londrina, Paraná state, Brazil, under a randomized complete block design, with six replications. The soil in the experimental area is classified as a dystroferric Red Latosol (Oxisol), containing 720 g kg-1 of clay. The experiment comprised four treatments: (1) continuous no-tillage (CNT) system without gypsum application, (2) CNT with gypsum application at 3.5 Mg ha-1, (3) chiseled soil without gypsum, and (4) chiseled soil with gypsum application. Regardless of gypsum application, chiseling increased water infiltration rate in soil and reduced penetration resistance. Gypsum application affected neither water infiltration nor soil penetration resistance in both no-tillage (NT) and chiseled soil systems. Moreover, gypsum application improved soybean root development at a depth range of 0.20-0.40 m in NT system. Chiseling increased root growth in the surface layer (0-0.20 m depth). Either isolated or combined, chiseling and gypsum application had no impact on soybean grain yield throughout one cropping season.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258520
title: Clonal evaluation and recurrent flowering of ornamental pineapple hybrid for use as miniature potted plant

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the cloning and recurrent flowering of the miniature pineapple hybrid ORN-MUT based on quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors for possible use as a potted plant. Besides its reduced size, the ORN-MUT hybrid is notable for its pink fruit, absence of thorns and recurrent flowering at the crown, formed after the plant's complete cycle (562 days). The hybrid was assessed in the experimental field of the Embrapa Cassava and Fruits research unit in two flowering stages (first flowering and recurrent flowering) and was characterized by quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors. A joint analysis of the data (multivariate analysis) was performed to verify the distinguishability and uniformity of the clones and parents. ORN-MUT presented uniformity in the first flowering, completing the phenological cycle at 75.70 days (first cycle) and 72.35 days (second cycle) after floral induction, respectively. The recurrent flowering occurred 170.60 days after induction. The peduncle is straight, with average length of 17.80 cm. The syncarp is small and pink, with conical-cylindrical shape. The crown has a moderately sharp tip with greenish central color and pink edges. In the recurrent flowering stage, the plants are smaller, with average size of 24.45 cm. The syncarp is miniaturized, with average of 1.20 layers of fruitlets and length of 1.61 cm. The quantitative and qualitative morphological traits allow classifying the hybrid as a potential potted plant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258520.v1
title: Clonal evaluation and recurrent flowering of ornamental pineapple hybrid for use as miniature potted plant

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the cloning and recurrent flowering of the miniature pineapple hybrid ORN-MUT based on quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors for possible use as a potted plant. Besides its reduced size, the ORN-MUT hybrid is notable for its pink fruit, absence of thorns and recurrent flowering at the crown, formed after the plant's complete cycle (562 days). The hybrid was assessed in the experimental field of the Embrapa Cassava and Fruits research unit in two flowering stages (first flowering and recurrent flowering) and was characterized by quantitative and qualitative morphological descriptors. A joint analysis of the data (multivariate analysis) was performed to verify the distinguishability and uniformity of the clones and parents. ORN-MUT presented uniformity in the first flowering, completing the phenological cycle at 75.70 days (first cycle) and 72.35 days (second cycle) after floral induction, respectively. The recurrent flowering occurred 170.60 days after induction. The peduncle is straight, with average length of 17.80 cm. The syncarp is small and pink, with conical-cylindrical shape. The crown has a moderately sharp tip with greenish central color and pink edges. In the recurrent flowering stage, the plants are smaller, with average size of 24.45 cm. The syncarp is miniaturized, with average of 1.20 layers of fruitlets and length of 1.61 cm. The quantitative and qualitative morphological traits allow classifying the hybrid as a potential potted plant.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258538
title: Morphometry and longitudinal profile of the river cobras sub-basin in planning the location of underground dams

description: ABSTRACT A study was carried out in the sub-basin of the River Cobras with the aim of evaluating the morphometric characteristics and longitudinal profile of the river basin as a tool for planning the location of underground dams. Morphometric parameters - compactness coefficient, form factor, drainage density and circularity index - were determined. An equilibrium profile was also performed in order to understand the dynamics of erosion and disposition in the sub-basin under study. The results showed that the River Cobras sub-basin is strongly elongated, with low drainage density and high rates of runoff in alluvial areas. The equilibrium profile indicated that the middle course (18 km, stretch 2) of the sub-basin includes a first-order anomaly and is susceptible to erosive processes along this stretch. The lower course (10 km, stretch 3) also has a first order anomaly; however, with a tendency to favour the aggregation of sedimentary material (larger sedimentary bundle) coming from the middle course. The middle course of the sub-basin has potential for the construction of submersible underground dams; whereas in the lower course, the construction of submerged underground dams is recommended. The physical morphometric parameters should not be analysed in isolation, but together with other aspects of surface- and groundwater quality, the recharge area and the social or production demand on the sub-basin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258538.v1
title: Morphometry and longitudinal profile of the river cobras sub-basin in planning the location of underground dams

description: ABSTRACT A study was carried out in the sub-basin of the River Cobras with the aim of evaluating the morphometric characteristics and longitudinal profile of the river basin as a tool for planning the location of underground dams. Morphometric parameters - compactness coefficient, form factor, drainage density and circularity index - were determined. An equilibrium profile was also performed in order to understand the dynamics of erosion and disposition in the sub-basin under study. The results showed that the River Cobras sub-basin is strongly elongated, with low drainage density and high rates of runoff in alluvial areas. The equilibrium profile indicated that the middle course (18 km, stretch 2) of the sub-basin includes a first-order anomaly and is susceptible to erosive processes along this stretch. The lower course (10 km, stretch 3) also has a first order anomaly; however, with a tendency to favour the aggregation of sedimentary material (larger sedimentary bundle) coming from the middle course. The middle course of the sub-basin has potential for the construction of submersible underground dams; whereas in the lower course, the construction of submerged underground dams is recommended. The physical morphometric parameters should not be analysed in isolation, but together with other aspects of surface- and groundwater quality, the recharge area and the social or production demand on the sub-basin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11997741
title: Branches of Gliricidia sepium used as mulch for weed control in corn

description: ABSTRACT Mulching using crop residue reduces the growth of weeds and increases the yield of various crops. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Gliricidia sepium branches, used as mulch, on weed control, and on grain yield in corn. A randomized block design was used, with split plots and five replications. The cultivars, 30F35H and AG 1051, were grown in the plots, and the following treatments applied in the subplots: no weeding, two weedings, and mulching with 10, 20 or 30 t ha-1 (fresh weight) gliricidia branches. The mulch material was applied between the sowing furrows after sowing the corn. Increasing the amount of gliricidia branches caused a linear reduction in weed growth, and increased growth and yield in the corn. Weed growth was less with two weedings than with mulching. Corn yield when carrying out two weedings was equivalent to yields obtained using mulch. There was no difference between cultivars for weed growth nor for growth or grain yield of corn. Maximum growth and grain yield in corn are obtained with the application of 22.0 and 25.6 t ha-1 gliricidia branches respectively, in both cultivars.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11997741.v1
title: Branches of Gliricidia sepium used as mulch for weed control in corn

description: ABSTRACT Mulching using crop residue reduces the growth of weeds and increases the yield of various crops. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of Gliricidia sepium branches, used as mulch, on weed control, and on grain yield in corn. A randomized block design was used, with split plots and five replications. The cultivars, 30F35H and AG 1051, were grown in the plots, and the following treatments applied in the subplots: no weeding, two weedings, and mulching with 10, 20 or 30 t ha-1 (fresh weight) gliricidia branches. The mulch material was applied between the sowing furrows after sowing the corn. Increasing the amount of gliricidia branches caused a linear reduction in weed growth, and increased growth and yield in the corn. Weed growth was less with two weedings than with mulching. Corn yield when carrying out two weedings was equivalent to yields obtained using mulch. There was no difference between cultivars for weed growth nor for growth or grain yield of corn. Maximum growth and grain yield in corn are obtained with the application of 22.0 and 25.6 t ha-1 gliricidia branches respectively, in both cultivars.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258256
title: Floral biology, pollination requirements and behavior of floral visitors in two species of pitaya

description: ABSTRACT The present work aimed to study floral biology, pollination requirements and the behavior of floral visitors in two species of pitaya, Hylocereus undatus and H. polyrhizus, in Northeastern Brazil. The experiment was carried out through diurnal and nocturnal observations and the use of flowers bagged or accessible to visitors. Results showed that flowers of both species are similar both in anatomical and functional traits. They are large, with nocturnal anthesis onset and attract night and daytime flower visitors. The floral visitors found were sphinx moths, ants, wasps and bees, with Apis mellifera accounting for 86.1% of visits to flowers. The H. undatus species is independent of biotic pollination to set and produce large and well-shaped fruits, but H. polyrhizus shows limited self-pollination and requires biotic pollination to set fruits and also to produce larger fruits. In this case, A. mellifera appears as the most likely pollinator. It is concluded that biotic pollination deficit is a limiting factor for the productivity of H. polyrhizus, but not to H. undatus under the conditions studied and that the role of pollinators, especially A. mellifera, in the quality of the fruits produced by both pitaya species needs to be investigated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10258256.v1
title: Floral biology, pollination requirements and behavior of floral visitors in two species of pitaya

description: ABSTRACT The present work aimed to study floral biology, pollination requirements and the behavior of floral visitors in two species of pitaya, Hylocereus undatus and H. polyrhizus, in Northeastern Brazil. The experiment was carried out through diurnal and nocturnal observations and the use of flowers bagged or accessible to visitors. Results showed that flowers of both species are similar both in anatomical and functional traits. They are large, with nocturnal anthesis onset and attract night and daytime flower visitors. The floral visitors found were sphinx moths, ants, wasps and bees, with Apis mellifera accounting for 86.1% of visits to flowers. The H. undatus species is independent of biotic pollination to set and produce large and well-shaped fruits, but H. polyrhizus shows limited self-pollination and requires biotic pollination to set fruits and also to produce larger fruits. In this case, A. mellifera appears as the most likely pollinator. It is concluded that biotic pollination deficit is a limiting factor for the productivity of H. polyrhizus, but not to H. undatus under the conditions studied and that the role of pollinators, especially A. mellifera, in the quality of the fruits produced by both pitaya species needs to be investigated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056421.v1
title: Evaluation of the physical and chemical parameters of Minas Frescal and Ricotta cheese marketed in Fortaleza, Ceará

description: ABSTRACT Cheeses are dairy products prepared from coagulated milk, and which, under Brazilian legislation, can be classified according to their fat and moisture content. Cheeses such as Minas Frescal and Ricotta have a high moisture content and are highly perishable. As such, chemical changes can occur and interfere with the shelf life of these products. In order to evaluate the physical and chemical parameters of Minas Frescal and Ricotta cheeses marketed in Fortaleza, Ceará, 10 samples of the products were evaluated. The variables of weight, temperature, titratable acidity, pH, moisture and fat were measured in triplicate. It was checked that the results conformed to current Brazilian legislation, and it was found that 100% of the samples had high temperature and high acidity, while the moisture content was below that established by legal standards. Some of the samples of Minas Frescal (40%) and Ricotta cheese (20%) had a low dry-extract fat index (DEF). In view of the above, greater control over production is suggested, in order to standardise the composition of the products and comply with legislative parameters, as a way of guaranteeing consumer rights and minimising health risks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056421
title: Evaluation of the physical and chemical parameters of Minas Frescal and Ricotta cheese marketed in Fortaleza, Ceará

description: ABSTRACT Cheeses are dairy products prepared from coagulated milk, and which, under Brazilian legislation, can be classified according to their fat and moisture content. Cheeses such as Minas Frescal and Ricotta have a high moisture content and are highly perishable. As such, chemical changes can occur and interfere with the shelf life of these products. In order to evaluate the physical and chemical parameters of Minas Frescal and Ricotta cheeses marketed in Fortaleza, Ceará, 10 samples of the products were evaluated. The variables of weight, temperature, titratable acidity, pH, moisture and fat were measured in triplicate. It was checked that the results conformed to current Brazilian legislation, and it was found that 100% of the samples had high temperature and high acidity, while the moisture content was below that established by legal standards. Some of the samples of Minas Frescal (40%) and Ricotta cheese (20%) had a low dry-extract fat index (DEF). In view of the above, greater control over production is suggested, in order to standardise the composition of the products and comply with legislative parameters, as a way of guaranteeing consumer rights and minimising health risks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056424
title: Desorption isotherms of flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) and thermodynamic parameters of the process

description: ABSTRACT Sorption isotherms of flaxseeds were determined by static gravimetric method at temperatures 40, 60, and 80 ºC, over a relative moisture range of 10-95%. Six mathematical models were applied to analyze the experimental data. The modified GAB model showed the best fitting to the experimental data. The isosteric heat and differential entropy were determined by applying the Clausius-Clapeyron and Gibbs-Helmholtz equations, respectively. The isosteric heat and the entropy of desorption isotherm presented similar behavior, with a sharp change of 10% in the equilibrium moisture content. The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory was applied to the isotherms, indicating that they are enthalpy-controlled.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056424.v1
title: Desorption isotherms of flaxseeds (Linum usitatissimum L.) and thermodynamic parameters of the process

description: ABSTRACT Sorption isotherms of flaxseeds were determined by static gravimetric method at temperatures 40, 60, and 80 ºC, over a relative moisture range of 10-95%. Six mathematical models were applied to analyze the experimental data. The modified GAB model showed the best fitting to the experimental data. The isosteric heat and differential entropy were determined by applying the Clausius-Clapeyron and Gibbs-Helmholtz equations, respectively. The isosteric heat and the entropy of desorption isotherm presented similar behavior, with a sharp change of 10% in the equilibrium moisture content. The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory was applied to the isotherms, indicating that they are enthalpy-controlled.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12056397
title: Growth, nutrition and efficiency in the transport, uptake and use of nutrients in african mahogany

description: ABSTRACT African mahogany is a species preferred by many entrepreneurs as an investment in the forestry sector. However, there are few studies or research on the species, especially in Brazil. The aim of this work was to study the efficiency of nutrient uptake, accumulation, distribution and use in Khaya ivorensis and Khaya senegalensis, in addition to aspects of growth variables and of dry matter partitioning as a function of mineral fertilisation. Morphological, physiological and nutritional parameters were determined in the African mahogany plants 140 days after transplanting (DAT). The greatest zinc (Zn) content was detected in the shoots of both the Khaya ivorensis and Khaya senegalensis plants, accounting for more than 50% of the accumulated total of the plants with added nutrient solution. Maintaining the plants of Khaya senegalensis and Khaya ivorensis with the use of nutrient solution provides the best conditions for nutrient use, and allows plants with excellent morphological and nutritional characteristics to be ready for the field within five months after transplanting in a shaded nursery. The most efficient uptake, transport and use of macro and micronutrients is found in the species Khaya senegalensis with the addition of nutrient solution.