cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.08kprr51z
title: Social groups with diverse personalities mitigate physiological stress in a songbird

description: Social groups often consist of diverse phenotypes, including personality
 types, and this diversity is known to affect the functioning of the group
 as a whole. Social selection theory proposes that group composition (i.e.
 social environment) also influences the performance of individual group
 members. However, the effect of group behavioural composition on group
 members remains largely unexplored, and it is still contentious whether
 individuals benefit more in a social environment with homogeneous or
 diverse behavioural composition. We experimentally formed groups of house
 sparrows Passer domesticus with high and low diversity of personality
 (exploratory behaviour), and found that their physiological state (body
 condition, physiological stress and oxidative damage) improved with
 increasing group-level diversity of personality. These findings
 demonstrate that group personality composition affects the condition of
 group members and individuals benefit from social heterosis (i.e.
 associating with a diverse set of behavioural types). This aspect of
 social life can play a key role in affiliation rules of social animals and
 might explain the evolutionary coexistence of different personalities in
 nature.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ngf1vhhsx
title: Response and explanatory variables used in regression analysis

description: The slow-paced life history of many Neotropical birds (e.g., high survival
 and low fecundity) is hypothesized to increase lifetime fitness through
 investments in self-maintenance over reproduction relative to their
 temperate counterparts. Molt is a key investment in self-maintenance and
 is readily shaped by environmental conditions. As such, variation in molt
 strategies may be a key mechanism underlying life-history trade-offs and
 adaptation to new environments. Here, we review molt strategies from a
 diversity of lowland Neotropical landbirds and examine how variation in
 molt strategies, characterized by differences in molt insertions, timing,
 extent, and duration contribute to life-history variation and adaptation
 to diverse ecological conditions. In addition to our synthesis, we present
 a case study to examine the relationship between home range size and
 duration of the definitive prebasic molt of a well-studied subset of
 Amazonian landbirds. Our results suggest a connection between prolonged
 molt duration and larger home range size of small-to-medium-sized
 Amazonian landbirds. Our aims were to identify key gaps in our knowledge
 of Neotropical bird molt, to stimulate further comparative studies into
 the evolution of molt strategies, and to highlight how variation in molt
 strategies may be a key mechanism underlying life-history variation across
 latitudes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rbnzs7h9v
title: Temperature reduces fish dispersal as larvae grow faster to their settlement size

description: 1. As species struggle to cope with rising ocean temperatures, temperate
 marine assemblages are facing major reorganisation. Many benthic species
 have a brief but critical period dispersing through the plankton, when
 they are particularly susceptible to variations in temperature. Impacts of
 rising temperatures can thus ripple through the population with
 community-wide consequences. However, responses are highly
 species-specific, making it difficult to discern assemblage-wide patterns
 in the life histories of different fish species. 2. Here we evaluate the
 responses to temperature in the early life histories of several fish
 species using otolith reconstructive techniques. We also assess the
 consequences of future warming scenarios to this assemblage. 3. We sampled
 recent settlers of 9 common species across a temperature gradient in the
 Mediterranean Sea and obtained environmental data for each individual.
 Using otolith microstructure we measured early life traits including
 pelagic larval duration (PLD), growth rate, settlement size, hatching and
 settlement dates. We used a GLM framework to examine how environmental
 variables influenced early life history parameters. 4. We show that
 increasing temperature results in considerable reduction in the dispersal
 potential of temperate fish. We find a nearly universal, assemblage-wide
 decline in pelagic larval duration (PLD) of between 10-25%. This was
 because, with increasing temperature, larvae grew quicker to their
 settlement size. Settlement size itself was less affected by temperature
 and appears to be an ontogenetically fixed process. 5. Given current
 estimates of ocean warming, there could be an assemblage-wide reduction in
 larval dispersal of up to 50 km across the Mediterranean, reducing
 connectivity and potentially isolating populations as waters warm.
 06-Jan-2021
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4xgxd2585
title: Data from: Fossils improve phylogenetic analyses of morphological characters

description: Fossils provide our only direct window into evolutionary events in the
 distant past. Incorporating them into phylogenetic hypotheses of living
 clades can help time-calibrate divergences, as well as elucidate
 macroevolutionary dynamics. However, the effect fossils have on
 phylogenetic reconstruction from morphology remains controversial. The
 consequences of explicitly incorporating the stratigraphic ages of fossils
 using tip-dated inference are also unclear. Here we use simulations to
 evaluate the performance of inference methods across different levels of
 fossil sampling and missing data. Our results show that fossil taxa
 improve phylogenetic analysis of morphological datasets, even when highly
 fragmentary. Irrespective of inference method, fossils improve the
 accuracy of phylogenies and increase the number of resolved nodes. They
 also induce the collapse of ancient and highly uncertain relationships
 that tend to be incorrectly resolved when sampling only extant taxa.
 Furthermore, tip-dated analyses under the fossilized birth-death process
 outperform undated methods of inference, demonstrating that the
 stratigraphic ages of fossils contain vital phylogenetic information.
 Fossils help to extract true phylogenetic signals from morphology, an
 effect that is mediated by both their distinctive morphology and their
 temporal information, and their incorporation in total-evidence
 phylogenetics is necessary to faithfully reconstruct evolutionary history.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.47d7wm3c9
title: Resonance Raman confirms partial hemoglobin preservation in dinosaur remains

description: Still-soft, hollow, and flexible structures  that are
 morphologically consistent with blood vessels were recovered from
 demineralized dinosaur bone and studied with resonance Raman techniques to
 test the hypothesis that these vessel-like structures are original to the
 dinosaur, and that they maintain endogenous molecular characteristics. We
 probed these ancient samples using resonance Raman at two different
 wavelengths, and the existence of a stronger resonance Raman signal level
 in the green compared to blue excitation is consistent with a hemoglobin,
 not just heme, absorption resonance. These data imply that the heme
 moieties preserved in dinosaur soft tissue are still attached to remnant
 proteins, or fragments thereof. Further, analysis of the Raman spectra of
 these hemoglobin remnants show damage to the outer regions of the heme
 ring, indicative of diagenetic change and thus consistent with an ancient
 endogenous source. Separately, the formation of goethite crystallites
 still attached to the hemoglobin remnant suggest a possible mechanism for
 preservation. The latter result follows from the fact that Raman signal
 resonance occurs only for vibrations on the same molecule as the
 absorption causing the resonance. Modern and artificially aged analogs
 show the beginnings of similar processes.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vuwccf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 460 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Engelhardia fenzelii"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 460 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002737-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x35
title: Endangered predators and endangered prey: seasonal diet of Southern Resident killer whales

description: Understanding diet is critical for conservation of endangered
 predators. The Southern Resident killer whales (SRKW) (Orcinus
 orca) are an endangered population occurring primarily in the west coast
 and inland waters of Washington and British Columbia. Insufficient prey
 has been identified as a factor limiting their recovery, so a clear
 understanding of the whales’ seasonal diet is a high conservation
 priority. Previous studies have shown that their summer diet in inland
 waters consists primarily of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha),
 despite this species’ rarity compared to some other salmonids. During
 other times of year, when ranging patterns include the U.S. and Canadian
 west coast and the northern and southern portions of the Salish Sea, their
 diet is largely unknown. To address this data gap, we collected feces and
 prey remains from October to May 2004-2017 in both the Salish Sea and U.S.
 west coast waters. Using visual and genetic species identification for
 prey remains and genetic approaches for fecal samples, we characterized
 the diet of the SRKWs in fall, winter, and spring. Chinook salmon were
 identified as an important prey item year-round, averaging ~50% of their
 diet in the fall, increasing to 70-80% in the late winter/early spring,
 and returning to nearly 100% in the late spring. Other salmon species and
 non-salmonid fishes, also made substantial dietary contributions.
  The relatively high species diversity in winter suggested a
 possible lack of Chinook salmon, probably due to seasonally lower
 densities, based on their proclivity to selectively consume this species
 in other seasons. A wide diversity of Chinook salmon stocks were consumed,
 many of which are also at risk. Although west coast samples consisted of
 14 stocks, four rivers systems accounted for 90% of the samples,
 predominantly the Columbia River. Increasing the abundance of Chinook
 salmon stocks that inhabit the whales’ winter range may be an effective
 conservation strategy for this population.
description: There are 52 fasta files containing DNA sequences from a ~330bp
 fragment of the mitochondrial 16s ribosomal RNA gene. These sequences were
 amplified from killer whale feces collected from the wild. The file names
 correspond to the sample pools described in Table S5 of the associated
 publication which contains sampling information (time, location, whale ID
 if known). In addition to the experimental samples, there are 9 control
 samples, as described in Table S4 of the publication. Methodological
 details including primers and sequencing methods are described in the
 associated publication.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wh70rxwmn
title: Field evidence reveals conservative water use of poplars under high aerosol conditions in Beijing

description: Anthropogenic aerosols could alter multiple meteorological processes such
 as radiation regime and air temperature, thereby modifying plant
 transpiration. However, the lack of field observations at the leaf- and
 plant-level hinders our ability to understand how aerosols could affect
 plant water use. Aerosol concentrations in northern China fluctuates
 periodically over a wide range. Taking advantage of this unique natural
 experiment opportunity, we conducted a full series of supporting
 physiological and environmental measurements to explore aerosols'
 effect on leaf transpiration and sap flow in the field using poplar trees
 (Populus × canadensis Moench). We found that high aerosol concentrations
 suppressed sun-leaf transpiration by reducing leaf-to-air vapor pressure
 deficit (VPDleaf) while not affecting shade-leaf transpiration, mainly
 because the negative effect of reduced VPDleaf on transpiration offset the
 positive effects of the increased stomatal conductance (gs). As aerosol
 concentration increases, the gs of both sun and shade leaves decreased
 more rapidly with an increase in VPDleaf, which caused their transpiration
 rates to become less sensitive to VPDleaf. Similarly, aerosols reduced sap
 flow density and its sensitivity to VPD. Synthesis. Our study provided
 observational evidence on aerosols' effects on plant transpiration at
 the leaf and canopy scales. The reduced transpiration and stronger
 stomatal control indicated that plant water use becomes more conservative
 under elevated aerosol concentrations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kwh70rz2x
title: Molecular systematics, species concepts and myrmecophytism in Cecropia (Cecropieae: Urticaceae): Insights from restriction-site associated DNA

description: Cecropia is a group of fast-growing pioneer trees that are important in
 forest regeneration and a common ant-plant mutualism in the Neotropics. To
 investigate the evolution of mutualism between Cecropia and associated
 ants a phylogenetic framework is necessary. Cecropia species are difficult
 to distinguish morphologically and conventional genetic markers are
 insufficiently variable to resolve phylogeny. Our study aimed to infer
 relationships in approximately half of the species in the genus using
 restriction site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing. RAD sequence data
 resolved and supported species level relationships, despite potential
 introgression based on D-statistic tests. Our results support a deeply
 divergent non-myrmecophytic clade including C. sciadophylla and African
 Musanga. Results from geographically widespread and morphologically
 heterogenous C. obtusifolia and C. angustifolia suggests that current
 synonymy lumps together genetically dissimilar lineages. Reconstruction of
 ant associations on the highly supported Cecropia phylogeny inferred equal
 probability of the ancestor of Cecropia being myrmecophytic or not. More
 intensive genetic study is needed to refine species concepts in Cecropia.
description: RADseq data run through pipeline in pyrad 3.0.66
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5hqbzkh53
title: Data from: Conserving the genetic diversity of condemned populations: optimizing collections and translocation

description: We generated SNP genotype data from two endangered plant species, Pimelea
 spicata and Eucalyptus sp. Cattai. For each, we genotyped plants from a
 population that was 'condemned,' or that would soon be destoyed.
 We used the genotype data to design ex situ germplasm collections that
 preserved the diversity in the condemned populations, in ways that were
 optimized. Here, we provide an archive of these SNP genotype data, and the
 code that was used to analyse these data, including the optimizations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6wwpzgmxf
title: Data from: Digging out intersexual and meteorological effects on cicada emergence using 10-year citizen monitoring

description: Understanding the mechanisms behind the seasonal emergences of herbivorous
 insects is ecologically important. However, little is known about the
 effect of meteorological factors and the other individuals in cicada
 emergence timing in fluctuating environments. Particularly, due to the
 long lifecycle and subterranean larval stages of cicada species,
 investigating their seasonal outbreaks is difficult.  To overcome
 this, we reconstructed a time-series dataset that consists of cicada
 emergence and meteorological factors, leveraging a long-term collection of
 cicada shells by the elementary and junior high school student. Then, we
 performed a modern nonlinear time-series analysis, which allowed us to
 investigate causal relationships between the time series.  Our
 findings are three-fold: 1) the dynamics of the opposite sex were major
 drivers of daily cicada emergence and the effect was stronger in males
 than in females, 2) likely to other insect species, temperature
 measurements consistently affect cicada emergence, but those effects are
 relatively weak, and 3) precipitation and humidity were causally related
 to emergence.  These results are consistent with their
 subterranean life cycle and the theory of sexual selection, demonstrating
 the importance of latent data collected by non-expert citizens for
 ecological studies.
description: The monitoring site was a public green space of
 approximately 2200 m2, surrounded by residential areas. The monitoring
 procedure was as follows: All the discovered cicada shells, except for
 molting individuals and those that failed to molt, were collected by an
 insect net between 6:00-8:00 AM. The monitoring was done every day from
 July 1 to August 31 and continued from 2003 to
 2012.
description: The data from September 1 to June 30 from 2002 to
 2012 was filled with NA values because virtually no cicada individuals
 emerged during this period.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f7m0cfxv3
title: Combining conservation status and species distribution models for planning assisted colonisation under climate change

description: Effects of climate change are particularly important in the Mediterranean
 Biodiversity hotspot where rising temperatures and drought are negatively
 affecting several plant taxa, including endemic species. Assisted
 Colonisation (AC) represents a useful tool for reducing the effect of
 climate change on endemic plant species threatened by climate change. We
 combined SDMs for 188 taxa endemic to Italy with the IUCN red listing
 range loss threshold under criterion A (30%) to define: a) the number of
 AC (measured as 2×2 km grid cells that should be occupied by new
 populations, that is grid cells = new populations) required to fully
 compensate for predicted range loss and to halt the decline below the 30%
 of range loss; b) The number of cells necessary to compensate for range
 loss was calculated as the number of currently occupied cells lost under
 future climate due to unsuitable conditions. We used two Representative
 Concentration Pathways, +2.6 and +8.5 W/m2, optimistic and pessimistic
 scenarios, respectively. Availability of suitable areas for AC was also
 assessed within the current species distribution and within protected
 areas. Under the optimistic scenario, no taxa would lose more than 30% of
 their range and AC would not be required. Under the pessimistic scenario,
 roughly 90% of taxa showed a cell loss higher than 30%. Eight taxa were
 predicted to lose &gt;95% of their range. For these species, AC was
 required from 13 to 16 new populations (= 13 to 16 grid cells) per taxon
 to cap the range loss at 30%. For currently VU or EN species, an average
 number of 32 to 35 AC attempts would be necessary to fully compensate for
 their range loss under a pessimistic scenario. Suitable recipient sites
 within protected areas falling in their projected range were identified,
 allowing for short-distance AC. Synthesis. Combining SDMs and red listing
 thresholds under Criterion A has enabled the strategic planning of
 multiple-species AC minimising the effort in terms of new populations to
 be created and maximising the conservation benefit in terms of range loss
 compensation.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396479
title: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ISSUES AND VIRTUAL LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

description: The number of occupational accidents in the construction industry remains consistently high compared to other sectors of the economy. This situation is largely explained by the continued use of outdated methods and tools in occupational safety training. This article analyzes the theoretical foundations and practical advantages of improving labor safety in the construction sector through the implementation of modern training methodologies based on virtual reality technologies.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18396480
title: OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY ISSUES AND VIRTUAL LEARNING TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF RAPID DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

description: The number of occupational accidents in the construction industry remains consistently high compared to other sectors of the economy. This situation is largely explained by the continued use of outdated methods and tools in occupational safety training. This article analyzes the theoretical foundations and practical advantages of improving labor safety in the construction sector through the implementation of modern training methodologies based on virtual reality technologies.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zw3r22878
title: Acoustic and fluorescence data from: A marine zooplankton community vertically structured by light across diel to interannual timescales

description: The predation risk of many aquatic taxa is dominated by visually
 searching predators, commonly a function of ambient light.
 Several studies propose that changes in visual predation will
 become a major climate-change impact on polar marine ecosystems.
 The high Arctic experiences extreme seasonality in the light
 environment, from 24-h light to 24-h darkness, and therefore
 provides a natural laboratory for studying light and
 predation risk over diel to seasonal timescales. Here, we show
 that zooplankton (observed using acoustics) in an Arctic fjord
 position themselves vertically in relation to light. A single
 isolume (depth-varying line of constant light intensity, the
 value of which is set at the lower limit of
 photobehaviour reponses of Calanus spp. and krill.) forms a
 ceiling on zooplankton distribution. The vertical distribution is
 structured by light across timescales, from the deepening of
 zooplankton populations at midday as the sun rises in spring, to
 the depth to which zooplankton ascend to feed during
 diel vertical migration. These results suggest that zooplankton
 might already follow a foraging strategy that will keep visual
 predation risk roughly constant under changing light conditions,
 such as those caused by the reduction of sea ice, but likely with
 energetic costs such as lost feeding opportunities due to altered
 habitat use.
description: Data were collected from moorings installed at ~ (78°N 11°E)
 (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). Full details of mooring deployments and
 processing can be found in Table S1 of the associated paper. 
  
description: All scripts refer to the two .mat files. For greater
 accessibility, data are also avaialable through an Excel
 spreadsheet.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.547d7wm79
title: Transient analysis of power loss density with time-harmonic electromagnetic waves in Debye media

description: Due to the complex permittivity, it is difficult to directly clarify the
 transient mechanism between electromagnetic waves and Debye media. To
 overcome above problem, the temporal relationship between the
 electromagnetic waves and permittivity is explicitly derived by applying
 the Fourier inversion and introducing the remnant displacement. With the
 help of the Poynting theorem and energy conservation equation, the
 transient power loss density is derived to describe the transient
 dissipation of electromagnetic field and the mechanism on phase
 displacement has been explicitly revealed. Besides, the unique solution
 can be obtained by applying the time-domain analysis method rather than
 involving the frequency-domain characteristics. The effectiveness of
 transient analysis is demonstrated by giving a comparison simulation on
 one-dimensional example.
description: With the help of the parameters in the manuscript, we can use the
 FDTD method to obtain the transient power loss density.
 In order to solve the above problem, we have provided the M-code
 which can be processed in MATLAB.
description: All the data has been included in the file. There are not any
 missing values.