DOI: 10.5061/dryad.70rxwdc2t
title: Data from: Larval diet and temperature alter mosquito immunity and development: using body size and developmental traits to track carry-over effects on longevity

description: Background: Estimating arbovirus transmission potential requires a
 mechanistic understanding of how environmental factors influence the
 expression of adult mosquito traits. While preimaginal exposure to
 environmental factors can have profound effects on adult traits, tracking
 and predicting these effects remains challenging. Methods: Using Aedes
 albopictus and a structural equation modelling approach, we explored how
 larval nutrition and temperature jointly affect development rate and
 success, body size, and whether these metrics capture carry-over effects
 on adult longevity. Additionally, we investigated how larval diet and
 temperature affect the baseline expression of ten immune genes. Results:
 We found that larval development success was primarily determined by diet,
 while temperature and diet both affected development rate, pupal wet
 weight, and wing length. Effects of diet on both morphometric measures and
 their relationships to adult longevity were asymmetrical, with wing length
 having a positive association and pupal weight a negative association.
 Larval diet indirectly affected adult longevity, and the time to pupation
 was negatively correlated with longevity. The expression of eight immune
 genes from Toll, JAK-STAT, and Imd pathways was enhanced in mosquitoes
 with higher nutrition. Conclusions: Our results highlight deficiencies
 from using a single body size measure to capture carry-over effects on
 adult traits. Further studies of larval development rate under varying
 environmental conditions and its potential for tracking carry-over effects
 on vectorial capacity are warranted.
description: **Mackay, A.J., J. Yan, C.H. Kim, A.M.G. Barreaux, C.M. Stone.** Larval
 diet and temperature alter mosquito immunity and development: using body
 size and developmental traits to track carry-over effects on longevity.
 *Parasites and Vectors* --- **Mackay_etal_2023_data_code_files** This zip
 directory contains the data files and r codes required to reproduce
 analyses in the associated paper evaluating effects of larval diet and
 temperature on *Aedes albopictus* juvenile development and survival, and
 female body size (pupal wet weight, wing length),longevity and immune gene
 expression. --- **Authors** Andrew J. Mackay University of Illinois at
 Urbana-Champaign, Prairie Research Institute, Illinois Natural History
 Survey 1902 Griffith Drive, Champaign, IL 61820
 Jiayue Yan University of Illinois at
 Urbana-Champaign, Prairie Research Institute, Illinois Natural History
 Survey 1902 Griffith Drive, Champaign, IL 61820
 Chang-Hyun Kim University of Illinois at
 Urbana-Champaign, Prairie Research Institute, Illinois Natural History
 Survey 1902 Griffith Drive, Champaign, IL 61820
 Antoine Barreaux INTERTRYP (Univ.
 Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD) Montpellier, France University of Bristol, School
 of Biological Sciences Bristol, UK Chris
 M. Stone University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Prairie Research
 Institute, Illinois Natural History Survey 1902 Griffith Drive, Champaign,
 IL 61820 --- **File list** (files in
 Mackay_etal_2023_data_code_files.zip)
 *Mackay_et_al_2023_juvenile_develop_time.csv*
 *Mackay_et_al_2023_juvenile_surv.csv*
 *Mackay_et_al_2023_adult_F_size_long.csv*
 *Mackay_et_al_2023_IGE_8genes_H25_L25_reference.csv*
 *Mackay_et_al_2023_IGE_Hop_H25_L25_reference.csv*
 *Mackay_et_al_2023_IGE_PIA_H25_L25_reference.csv*
 *README_Mackay_et_al_2023_juvenile_develop_time.txt*
 *README_Mackay_et_al_2023_juvenile_surv.txt*
 *README_Mackay_et_al_2023_adult_F_size_long.txt*
 *README_Mackay_et_al_2023_immune_gene expression.txt*
 *Mackay_etal_2023_bodysize.R* *Mackay_etal_2023_development.R*
 *Mackay_etal_2023_immune_gene_expression.R* *Mackay_etal_2023_longevity.R*
 --- **File descriptions** * Mackay_et_al_2023_juvenile_surv.csv* -
 contains observations on survival to adult eclosion. *
 Mackay_et_al_2023_juvenile_develop_time.csv* - contains observations on
 the development time to pupal and adult life stages for all individuals
 that successfully completed development. *
 Mackay_et_al_2023_adult_F_size_longevity.csv* - contains measurements of
 female pupal wet weight, juvenile development time, wing length and adult
 longevity. * Mackay_et_al_2023_IGE_8genes_H25_L25_reference.csv* -
 contains normalized values of relative fold change in the baseline
 expression of 8 immune genes (Spaetzle 1A, Toll 1B, Rel 1A, Cactus,
 Defensin C, Cecropin D, Domeless, Caspar) in 5-day old adult females. *
 Mackay_et_al_2023_IGE_Hop_H25_L25_reference.csv* - contains normalized
 values of relative fold change in the baseline expression of the Hopscotch
 gene in 5-day old adult females. *
 Mackay_et_al_2023_IGE_PIA_H25_L25_reference.csv* - contains normalized
 values of relative fold change in the baseline expression of the PIAS 2
 gene in 5-day old adult females. * Mackay_etal_2023_bodysize.R* - R code
 for reproducing ANCOVA, mixed-effects models and figures of female pupal
 wet weight and wing length. * Mackay_etal_2023_development.R* - R code for
 reproducing mixed-effects model of juvenile survival, survivor sex ratio,
 and generalized linear models figures of male and female development time.
 * Mackay_etal_2023_immune_gene_expression.R* - R code for reproducing
 generalized linear models and figures of relative changes in baseline
 immune gene expression in 5-day old adult females. *
 Mackay_etal_2023_longevity.R* - R code for reproducing Cox PH model and
 multigroup pSEM of adult female longevity. R software and associated
 package dependencies () are required to
 open and execute the R code files.