DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0p2ngf27c
title: Model data of tsunami and storm surge scenarios for Anegada, British Virgin Islands

description: We modeled near-field tsunamis and extreme hurricans to provide further
 evidence for a great precolonial earthquake along the Puerto Rico Trench.
 25 hypothetical tsunami scenarios, 19 megathrust sources and 6 normal
 faulting on the outer rise, of the Puerto Rico Trench were modeled and the
 model results were screened by their success in flooding the mapped sites
 of these erratics, which were amplaced some six centuries ago. We also
 investigated 15 hurricane scenarios of category 5, and modeled the most
 extreme hurricane scenario for high-resolution simulation of storm wave
 inundation at Anegada. Our models showed the hurricane scenario produced
 tsunami0like bores from surf beat, but many coral clasts lie beyong the
 reach of simulated flooding from the extreme hurricane. The screening
 results broadly agree with those from previously published tsunami
 simulations. The tsunamis from either a M 8.45 megathrust rupture or a M
 8.17 outer-rise normal fault produce flow depths of 1 m or more at al the
 clasts sites. This depository provides the datasets of model grid
 and simulation results for tsunami and hurricane scenarios tested in the
 JGR-Solid Earth manuscript 2023JB028387. These datasets, with their
 details provided in the README file, include the model grids and hurricane
 tracks used as input for model simulations and model output data files
 produced by those model simulations of tsunamis and hurricanes. They are
 the model data used to produce most of the main and supplement figures
 shown in the manuscript.
description: # Model data of tsunami and storm surge scenarios for Anegada, British
 Virgin Islands
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0p2ngf27c](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0p2ngf27c) In the JGR-Solid Earth manuscript, we compare the modeled flow depths at all coral boulders locations on Anegada, British Virgin Islands. In this depository, we provide the main model datasets of the flow depth for tsunami and storm surge scenarios tested in the study. ## Description of the data and file structure: Tsunami modeling ### Model computational grid The data file named "anagada_10m.most" is the model grid at the grid resolution of 10 m used to compute the inundation induced from all tested tsunami scenarios. This file is formatted for its use by the MOST model. It is a DEM data-formatted file contains ocean sounding, shoreline depth, and topographical elevation information for a grid of latitude and longitudes. The DEM data file format is a text file, written with a FORTRAN format of "FORMATTED." Depth values are positive numbers, measured from mean high water. Areas above sea level are represented by negative. The DEM data file format consists of four parts: 1) Grid Size: The first line of a DEM data-formatted file, consisting of two INTEGER values separated by a space or comma. These two values specify the number of longitude (NUM_LON) and latitude nodes (NUM_LAT) in the DEM data set; 2) Longitude Node List: A vector of NUM_LOG longitude values, one per line, specified using decimal degrees in either the 360o or ±180o reference system. The spacing between longitude nodes does not have to be uniform, although uniformity is recommended; 3) Latitude Node List: A vector of NUM_LAT latitude values, one per line, specified using decimal degrees. The spacing between latitude nodes does not have to be uniform, For datasets covering a large geographic extent, such as the propagation grids, the spacing may be adjusted to ensure that the grid cells have roughly consistent shape throughout the dataset. This would require a closer grid cell spacing near the poles than at the equator. 4) DEM Data: A matrix of ocean depth/topographical elevation values, one for each latitude/longitude pair. The matrix consists of NUM_LAT lines, each containing NUM_LON floating point depth or elevation values, measured in meters, separated by spaces. ### Datasets of flow depth: The flow depth files are in an ASCII format that are readable for the software named Tecplot, which we used to produce most of the figures in the manuscript. These ASCII files are basically in xyz format with two header lines. * The first header line "variables = x y z" lists the name of the variables x, y and z. * The second header line starts with a name "Zone" recognizable by Tecplot, and then gives the numbers of computational grid nodes in x and y directions. It ends with a format specification "f=point" that indicates each line of the data is for one point of the computational domain. * Following the two header lines are rows of point data of flow depth. Each row has three columns in xyz format. The first column is the longitude in East convention. The second column is the latitude, where a positive number indicates a latitude in the northern sphere and a negative latitude is in the southern sphere. The third column is the flow depth in m taking into account the seismic deformation. In the third column, a value of "-9999" indicates this point either remains dry (not inundated) throughout the computation or a point offshore that is already wet (a water point) t the beginning of the computation. * Name convention of the data files. The name of the data files has three parts: Part 1 is the name of the scenario represented by letters shown in Table 3. Part 2 is the magnitude as shown in table 3. Part 3 is the same for each file "*max_*depth". For example, N_M817_max_depth.tec is the flow depth file for the scenario N (table 3) with a source magnitude of 8.17. ## Description of the data and file structure: Hurricane waves modeling ### Data files of the hurricane tracks for the hypothetical Category 5 hurricanes Each ASCII data file contains 7 columns: 1) Time (yr/mon/day/hour/min), 2) Latitude (positive values indicate latitudes in the northern hemisphere, and negative values indicate latitudes in the southern hemisphere), 3) Longitude (positive values indicate longitude in the western hemisphere, and negative values indicate longitudes in the eastern hemisphere), 4) maximum sustained wind speed (in knots), 5) central pressure (in hpa), 6) radius of maximum sustained wind speed (in mile), and 7) the shape parameter used in the wind model for hurricane simulation. ### Model results at the 50-m-deep offshore point for all 15 tested hurricane scenarios Each data file is a typical table output from the SWAN model with a few header lines explaining the details of the data. There are 9 columns of data in each file, which are Time (year/month/day.hour/min/sec), Water depth at the offshore point (49.6474 m), Significant wave height (Hsig in m), Mean wave period (Period in sec), Mean direction (Dir in degr), Peak wave period (RTpeak in sec), Peak wave direction (PkDir in degree), Wave length (Wlen in m), and Wave setup (Setup in m). The names of the data files corresponding to each hurricane scenario are demonstrated in the following table: | Hurricane scenario | Hurricane track file name | Hurricane model data file name | | :----------------- | :------------------------------------ | :---------------------------------------- | | SE-NW 1 | Hurricane\_SE-NW1\_earl\_track1.dat | Hurricane\_earl\_track1\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SE-NW 2 | Hurricane\_SE-NW2\_earl\_track2.dat | Hurricane\_earl\_track2\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SE-NW 3 | Hurricane\_SE-NW3\_earl\_track3.dat | Hurricane\_earl\_track3\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SE-NW 4 | Hurricane\_SE-NW4\_earl\_track4.dat | Hurricane\_earl\_track4\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SE-NW 5 | Hurricane\_SE-NW5\_earl\_track5.dat | Hurricane\_earl\_track5\_OffPoint50m.tab | | NE-SW 1 | Hurricane\_NE-SW1\_noel\_track1.dat | Hurricane\_noel\_track1\_OffPoint50m.tab | | NE-SW 2 | Hurricane\_NE-SW2\_noel\_track2.dat | Hurricane\_noel\_track2\_OffPoint50m.tab | | NE-SW 3 | Hurricane\_NE-SW3\_noel\_track3.dat | Hurricane\_noel\_track3\_OffPoint50m.tab | | NE-SW 4 | Hurricane\_NE-SW4\_noel\_track4.dat | Hurricane\_noel\_track4\_OffPoint50m.tab | | NE-SW 5 | Hurricane\_NE-SW5\_noel\_track5.dat | Hurricane\_noel\_track5\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SW-NE 1 | Hurricane\_SW\_NE1\_lenny\_track1.dat | Hurricane\_lenny\_track1\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SW-NE 2 | Hurricane\_SW\_NE2\_lenny\_track2.dat | Hurricane\_lenny\_track2\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SW-NE 3 | Hurricane\_SW\_NE3\_lenny\_track3.dat | Hurricane\_lenny\_track3\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SW-NE 4 | Hurricane\_SW\_NE4\_lenny\_track4.dat | Hurricane\_lenny\_track4\_OffPoint50m.tab | | SW-NE 5 | Hurricane\_SW\_NE5\_lenny\_track5.dat | Hurricane\_lenny\_track5\_OffPoint50m.tab | Model results of hurricane wave inundation on north shore of Anegada The hurricane track data of the 2017 Irma is provided in the file named "Hurricane_Irma_track.dat'. Its format is the same as the tracks provided above. The model result of the maximum water surface for the 2017 Hurricane Irma is provided in the file named "Hurricane_Irma_MaxWaterSurface.mat", which is a Matlab readable data file in binary format. It contains 3 variables: X (coordinates in x direction), Y (coordinates in y direction), and MaxWaterSurface (the maximum water surface over the period of computing time). The model results of the maximum water surface and the maximum inundation depth for most extreme synthetic Cat-5 hurricane scenario SE-NW3 (discussed in Section 4.1 of the manuscript) are provided in the files named "Hurricane_SE-NW3_MaxWaterSurface.mat" and "Hurricane_SE-NW3_MaxFlowDepth.mat". Each of these files which is a Matlab readable data file in binary format and contains 3 variables: X (coordinates in x direction), Y (coordinates in y direction), and MaxWaterSurface (the maximum water surface over the period of computing time) and MaxInundDepth (the maximum inundation depth over the period of computing time, respectively. ## Sharing/Access information The tide gauge data used for model/data comparison at Croix, Culebra, San Juan and St. John for the 2017 Irma Hurricane, which are not included in this data depositary, can be available from the NOAA tides and currents website: [https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/. ](https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/.) However, the use of the data and products from NOAA tides and currents should follow the National Ocean Service guidance quoted below, which is also available at [https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/disclaimers.html](https://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/disclaimers.html): *"The information on government servers are in the public domain, unless specifically annotated otherwise, and may be used freely by the public. Before using information obtained from this server, special attention should be given to the date and time of the data and products being displayed. This information shall not be modified in content and then presented as official government material.* *The user assumes the entire risk related to its use of these data. NOS is providing these data "as is," and NOS disclaims any and all warranties, whether express or implied, including (without limitation) any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. 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