cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326447.v1
title: Determining the efficiency of a Stirling engine using Arduino: a proposal for teaching thermodynamics in introductory courses

description: During the last few years, research in physics education has highlighted the interest of the Arduino platform and its associated sensors in improving teaching. In this paper we present a proposal for the study of thermodynamics in introductory courses. We have built a home-made Stirling engine with low-cost materials. From a theoretical study of the thermodynamic cycle associated to the engine, we propose several strategies to measure its efficiency. Next, we describe the experimental setup, based on Arduino sensors, that allows us to record the necessary measurements to develop the proposed strategies. The results obtained show the low efficiency of thermal engines and the differences between the theoretical and experimental thermodynamic cycles.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326448
title: A simple star

description: Abstract In this work we present the problem of obtaining and integrating numerically the hydrostatic equilibrium equations for a star with a polytropic equation of state, which is the well known Eddington model. In particular, we provide the parameters to obtain the corresponding model for the Sun. The treatment is geared towards first or second year physics students. An implementation of the integration algorithm is included.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326448.v1
title: A simple star

description: Abstract In this work we present the problem of obtaining and integrating numerically the hydrostatic equilibrium equations for a star with a polytropic equation of state, which is the well known Eddington model. In particular, we provide the parameters to obtain the corresponding model for the Sun. The treatment is geared towards first or second year physics students. An implementation of the integration algorithm is included.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326450
title: Study of the influence of air on the falling motion of bodies: a comparison between theoretical prediction and experimental data using the Tracker

description: This article describes a practical activity proposal for graduation, involving a theoretical and experimental study on the influence of air on the falling motion of bodies. For this, the dynamics of the movement of spherical objects in vertical fall in the air were analyzed, considering the drag force, appreciating the relationship between a characteristic time interval and the behavior of speed and acceleration, comparing the prediction of the theoretical model with the experimental data. To obtain the data, a test was performed using video footage of the fall with a cell phone and subsequent treatment with the Tracker. The results showed that the falling movement of a spherical styrofoam body with a diameter of the order of two centimeters would serve the purpose, allowing to verify the presence of inertial drag and the tendency to a limit speed in a fall of less than three meters, in according to theoretical predictions. In addition, it was found that there is no correlation between the initial velocity module and the magnitude of the terminal velocity, implying that the transition from the viscous to the inertial regime, in the first moments, would not affect the behavior of the velocity in the following moments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326450.v1
title: Study of the influence of air on the falling motion of bodies: a comparison between theoretical prediction and experimental data using the Tracker

description: This article describes a practical activity proposal for graduation, involving a theoretical and experimental study on the influence of air on the falling motion of bodies. For this, the dynamics of the movement of spherical objects in vertical fall in the air were analyzed, considering the drag force, appreciating the relationship between a characteristic time interval and the behavior of speed and acceleration, comparing the prediction of the theoretical model with the experimental data. To obtain the data, a test was performed using video footage of the fall with a cell phone and subsequent treatment with the Tracker. The results showed that the falling movement of a spherical styrofoam body with a diameter of the order of two centimeters would serve the purpose, allowing to verify the presence of inertial drag and the tendency to a limit speed in a fall of less than three meters, in according to theoretical predictions. In addition, it was found that there is no correlation between the initial velocity module and the magnitude of the terminal velocity, implying that the transition from the viscous to the inertial regime, in the first moments, would not affect the behavior of the velocity in the following moments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326453
title: Gravitational Doppler effect in the orbit of the star S2 around the massive black hole Sgr A * at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy

description: Abstract In 2018 it was announced that the star S2, which had been monitored since 1992, orbiting the massive black hole Sgr A * in the center of the Milky Way galaxy, obeyed as programmed by Einstein's Theory of General Relativity. The orbital movements of this star and dozens more in orbit of the black hole Sgr A * reveal that the mass of the black hole is greater than four million solar masses. The intense gravity of the black hole Sgr A * causes a gravitational Doppler effect predicted in the Theory of General Relativity and which was observed in the light emitted by the star S2. We didactically discuss the phenomena involved in these observations made for the star S2.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326453.v1
title: Gravitational Doppler effect in the orbit of the star S2 around the massive black hole Sgr A * at the center of the Milky Way Galaxy

description: Abstract In 2018 it was announced that the star S2, which had been monitored since 1992, orbiting the massive black hole Sgr A * in the center of the Milky Way galaxy, obeyed as programmed by Einstein's Theory of General Relativity. The orbital movements of this star and dozens more in orbit of the black hole Sgr A * reveal that the mass of the black hole is greater than four million solar masses. The intense gravity of the black hole Sgr A * causes a gravitational Doppler effect predicted in the Theory of General Relativity and which was observed in the light emitted by the star S2. We didactically discuss the phenomena involved in these observations made for the star S2.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326454
title: An acquisition system framework for mechanical measurements with Python, Raspberry-Pi and MEMS sensors

description: In this paper, we propose the development of a low-cost acquisition system using Raspberry-Pi 3 and MEMS accelerometers to measure vibrations in mechanical systems. The main objective is to assemble a signals acquisition system easy to handle, of low cost and good accuracy for teaching and industrial purposes. The central idea is that the signals are acquired and processed in the Raspberry-Pi. The Python language and numerical libraries (scipy, numpy and matplotlib) are used for implementation of acquisition and signal processing. This paper proposes the study of vibrations in time and frequency domain. The acquisition system proposed can be easy implemented and the results obtained had good precision (time and frequency domain) and agree with the literature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326454.v1
title: An acquisition system framework for mechanical measurements with Python, Raspberry-Pi and MEMS sensors

description: In this paper, we propose the development of a low-cost acquisition system using Raspberry-Pi 3 and MEMS accelerometers to measure vibrations in mechanical systems. The main objective is to assemble a signals acquisition system easy to handle, of low cost and good accuracy for teaching and industrial purposes. The central idea is that the signals are acquired and processed in the Raspberry-Pi. The Python language and numerical libraries (scipy, numpy and matplotlib) are used for implementation of acquisition and signal processing. This paper proposes the study of vibrations in time and frequency domain. The acquisition system proposed can be easy implemented and the results obtained had good precision (time and frequency domain) and agree with the literature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326456
title: The Active methodology of peer instruction associated with videoanalysis of kinematics experiences as an introduction to teaching function

description: As a result of studies for interdisciplinary applications developed under a Master’s Degree in Science Teaching, with the aim of orienting teachers and undergraduate students in Physics, Mathematics and related fields for innovative practices next to the student body, this study deals with the teaching of functions in classes of 9th grade of Elementary School, involving Mathematics and Physics, from the quasi-experimental delimitation of time series. By means of the videoanalysis of small kinematics experiments carried out by the students, using the free software Tracker, questions were treated about related and quadratic functions, derived from these experiments and observations, with pre-tests and conceptual tests of six double classes, intercalating the accomplishment of the physical experiments and the application of the tests. The videoanalysis of the kinematics experiments, with conclusions reached by the students, entered as an introductory factor and basis of the functions theme. The pre and post-tests were mediated by the active methodology of Peer Instruction and the exchange of understandings and experiences between the participating groups made possible the evaluation and measurement of the study regarding its effectiveness. The treatment was applied in three classes of a school of the Foundation of support to the Technical School of Rio de Janeiro, totalizing the participation of 76 students. The results of this research, obtained in the development of the activities, studied by the statistical analysis of Hake’s normalized gain under the quasi-experimental design, indicate the possibility of using the proposed active methodology as potential mediator of the teaching-learning relationship in collaborative contexts
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326456.v1
title: The Active methodology of peer instruction associated with videoanalysis of kinematics experiences as an introduction to teaching function

description: As a result of studies for interdisciplinary applications developed under a Master’s Degree in Science Teaching, with the aim of orienting teachers and undergraduate students in Physics, Mathematics and related fields for innovative practices next to the student body, this study deals with the teaching of functions in classes of 9th grade of Elementary School, involving Mathematics and Physics, from the quasi-experimental delimitation of time series. By means of the videoanalysis of small kinematics experiments carried out by the students, using the free software Tracker, questions were treated about related and quadratic functions, derived from these experiments and observations, with pre-tests and conceptual tests of six double classes, intercalating the accomplishment of the physical experiments and the application of the tests. The videoanalysis of the kinematics experiments, with conclusions reached by the students, entered as an introductory factor and basis of the functions theme. The pre and post-tests were mediated by the active methodology of Peer Instruction and the exchange of understandings and experiences between the participating groups made possible the evaluation and measurement of the study regarding its effectiveness. The treatment was applied in three classes of a school of the Foundation of support to the Technical School of Rio de Janeiro, totalizing the participation of 76 students. The results of this research, obtained in the development of the activities, studied by the statistical analysis of Hake’s normalized gain under the quasi-experimental design, indicate the possibility of using the proposed active methodology as potential mediator of the teaching-learning relationship in collaborative contexts
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326459.v1
title: Professors and engineering students' perceptions of the aims of laboratory classes

description: Abstract In this work, we investigate the opinion of teachers and students regarding laboratory classes in undergraduate engineering courses. We identify the consistency concerning the objectives of a laboratory class, as well as the role of lab manuals and reports. The data, collected through the application of questionnaires, show a divergence of opinion between teachers and students, indicating a lack of syntony about the objectives of a teaching laboratory. On the other hand, we find a convergence of opinion as regards increasing students' participation in lab activities and the opportunity to experience physical phenomena first hand.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326459
title: Professors and engineering students' perceptions of the aims of laboratory classes

description: Abstract In this work, we investigate the opinion of teachers and students regarding laboratory classes in undergraduate engineering courses. We identify the consistency concerning the objectives of a laboratory class, as well as the role of lab manuals and reports. The data, collected through the application of questionnaires, show a divergence of opinion between teachers and students, indicating a lack of syntony about the objectives of a teaching laboratory. On the other hand, we find a convergence of opinion as regards increasing students' participation in lab activities and the opportunity to experience physical phenomena first hand.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326460
title: Communities of practice in science education: a literature review from 1991 to 2018

description: This work presents a literature review about the use of concept of Communities of Practice in science education research in the last 27 years. Our investigation allowed us to draw the profile of the academic production on the subject in the area. In addition, we investigated which theoretical and methodological references were used in the research on CoP and which issues these studies address in relation to vocational training. Among the results of our review, we highlight the potential of CoP as an important alternative to promote the insertion and socialization of university students by promoting and improving the quality of relations between University and Society in both teacher and non-teacher professional education. Another important result of this review was the identification of two important gaps in academic production: (i) the lack of studies on vocational training at mid-level and (ii) the non-use of the seven principles proposed by Wenger and collaborators for the cultivation of Communities of Practice.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326460.v1
title: Communities of practice in science education: a literature review from 1991 to 2018

description: This work presents a literature review about the use of concept of Communities of Practice in science education research in the last 27 years. Our investigation allowed us to draw the profile of the academic production on the subject in the area. In addition, we investigated which theoretical and methodological references were used in the research on CoP and which issues these studies address in relation to vocational training. Among the results of our review, we highlight the potential of CoP as an important alternative to promote the insertion and socialization of university students by promoting and improving the quality of relations between University and Society in both teacher and non-teacher professional education. Another important result of this review was the identification of two important gaps in academic production: (i) the lack of studies on vocational training at mid-level and (ii) the non-use of the seven principles proposed by Wenger and collaborators for the cultivation of Communities of Practice.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326463
title: Visualising Spatial Light Intensity Distribution on Optical Fibre Core with Spreadsheet

description: Abstract Spreadsheet software is a practical and powerful computing and graphical tool. This study presents a simple way to build a physics simulation in spreadsheet software. The simulation aims to visualise spatial light intensity distribution on an optical fibre core. The simulation can visualise various modes. The mathematical equation in optical fibre is quite complicated. The visualisation may help students in interpreting the mathematical equation and making a connection between theoretical modelling and experiment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326463.v1
title: Visualising Spatial Light Intensity Distribution on Optical Fibre Core with Spreadsheet

description: Abstract Spreadsheet software is a practical and powerful computing and graphical tool. This study presents a simple way to build a physics simulation in spreadsheet software. The simulation aims to visualise spatial light intensity distribution on an optical fibre core. The simulation can visualise various modes. The mathematical equation in optical fibre is quite complicated. The visualisation may help students in interpreting the mathematical equation and making a connection between theoretical modelling and experiment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326465
title: Seeing by proxy: a detailed analysis of an educational interaction at the telescope

description: Abstract Astronomy education research is a growing field but the attention given to informal educational activities, such as telescope observations, museum visits or planetarium sessions, is still relatively scarce. In consequence, the area is poorly studied and understood. Addressing this gap, this present paper examines informal educational practices in an astronomical observatory through detailed analysis of a complete turn at the telescope by a small child, who is observing the Sun with the assistance of a guide. Using Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis this study investigates how this activity was produced in terms of structure and methods, the skills the participants have, and how the interaction between the visitor and the guide occurs. The study of these naturally occurring activities is done in-depth by the repeated inspection of video data, in order to identify the characteristics of the interaction, the organization of the talk and its implications as an educational event. The interactional nature of linguistic exchanges is highlighted; and the study of these activities reveals the practical methods used by guides and public. The present study contributes to our understanding of telescope observations as informal education activities; and shows the importance of research methods that are sensitive to naturally occurring events.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326465.v1
title: Seeing by proxy: a detailed analysis of an educational interaction at the telescope

description: Abstract Astronomy education research is a growing field but the attention given to informal educational activities, such as telescope observations, museum visits or planetarium sessions, is still relatively scarce. In consequence, the area is poorly studied and understood. Addressing this gap, this present paper examines informal educational practices in an astronomical observatory through detailed analysis of a complete turn at the telescope by a small child, who is observing the Sun with the assistance of a guide. Using Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis this study investigates how this activity was produced in terms of structure and methods, the skills the participants have, and how the interaction between the visitor and the guide occurs. The study of these naturally occurring activities is done in-depth by the repeated inspection of video data, in order to identify the characteristics of the interaction, the organization of the talk and its implications as an educational event. The interactional nature of linguistic exchanges is highlighted; and the study of these activities reveals the practical methods used by guides and public. The present study contributes to our understanding of telescope observations as informal education activities; and shows the importance of research methods that are sensitive to naturally occurring events.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326468.v1
title: Solving ill-structured problem as a Didactical-Scientific Modeling process in Physics Education

description: Abstract Physics Education researches indicate that getting involved in the process of solving ill-structured problems has the potential to build knowledge, as well as to develop a broader set of skills, cognitive, metacognitive and procedural resources, when compared to the problems that are usually implemented in the context of high school. Ill-structured problems, closer to everyday, academic and professional reality, should be more valued in didactic practices. However, although the literature presents suggestions and guidelines for the implementation of such problems, the few didactic approaches with ill-structured problems have indicated that students' difficulties in facing these problems persist. Associated with this, we have not found a theoretical approach that consistently considers a learning theory and an epistemological vision for solving ill-structured physics problems. Faced with this scenario, the objective of this work is to present a theoretical articulation between the central elements of the process of solving ill-structured problems and Didactical-Scientific Modeling, as a way to assist in the development and implementation of didactic strategies that help in facing ill-structured problems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326468
title: Solving ill-structured problem as a Didactical-Scientific Modeling process in Physics Education

description: Abstract Physics Education researches indicate that getting involved in the process of solving ill-structured problems has the potential to build knowledge, as well as to develop a broader set of skills, cognitive, metacognitive and procedural resources, when compared to the problems that are usually implemented in the context of high school. Ill-structured problems, closer to everyday, academic and professional reality, should be more valued in didactic practices. However, although the literature presents suggestions and guidelines for the implementation of such problems, the few didactic approaches with ill-structured problems have indicated that students' difficulties in facing these problems persist. Associated with this, we have not found a theoretical approach that consistently considers a learning theory and an epistemological vision for solving ill-structured physics problems. Faced with this scenario, the objective of this work is to present a theoretical articulation between the central elements of the process of solving ill-structured problems and Didactical-Scientific Modeling, as a way to assist in the development and implementation of didactic strategies that help in facing ill-structured problems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14326469
title: Demonstration of the generation of stationary electromagnetic waves on a coaxial cable

description: Abstract The concepts of stationary waves and normal modes are among the most important concepts of physics, from classical mechanics to quantum mechanics and electromagnetism. The usual demonstrations of the existence of the normal modes of oscillation consider just mechanical models as, for example, vibrating strings. This communication proposes a simple experiment for produzing and observing electromagnetic stationary waves in a coaxial cable.