cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15129/07ebb4ec-287d-482f-98e7-9b3691ef3020
title: Data for PhD Thesis: "New Methods for the Production of Oral Dosage Forms"

description: The data herein relates to the thesis "New Methods for the Production of Oral Dosage Forms". The aim of this thesis was to improve the solubility of BCS Class II compounds in an innovative manner. The data here details the development of a process for production using the innovative technique of aerosol jet printing. All data is saved within folders corresponding to the relevant ELN numbers and then grouped under chapter title to enable the reader to find the relevant methodology. All the chapter folders feature a range of data as Origin, text, CAD, JPEG, PNG, TIFF, Bitmap, Excel, Powerpoint and program specific files. The data was collected using liquid rheometry with the Thermoscientific software Haake Rheowin Data Manager (RWD files), HPLC with the Agilent software MassHunter Qualitative Analysis, x-ray diffraction with the Bruker software Diffrac. EVA (Diffrac Suite files), dissolution using the Sirius Analytical software SDI Data Analyser (VLC and D100 media files), printing using the Optomec Aerosol Jet 200 software KEWA (PRG files), Raman spectroscopy with the Horiba software LabSpec 6 (L6S files), differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis with the Netzsch software Proteous analysis (NSG-SS1 and EMF files), size exclusion chromatography with the OmniSEC software, scanning electron microscopy with the Keysight SEM software, TOF-SIMS using the software IONTOF, contact angle using the software Drop Shape Analyser (VLC and DPR files), Nano CT with the Bruker SkyScan software (XML files), microscopy using the Leica Software LAS, USP IV dissolution coupled with UV spectroscopy using the software packages IDIS and UVWin, Raman mapping using the mPAT software Meta Analyser (SCOPE and MPAT files) and laser triangulation using the LK-navigator software. With the exception of the image and program method files, all data was gathered using Excel and graphs were plotted using Origin, carrying out all statistical analysis in Origin. Access to the data is restricted until the end of the embargo period as it will form part of a patent which is currently pending.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19160924
title: FM Score

description: The data includes the upper limb FM score of 20 stroke individuals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19160924.v2
title: FM Score

description: The data includes the upper limb FM score of 20 stroke individuals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14376524
title: Comparing pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry with radiocarbon technique for determination of inorganic carbon fixation in <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)

description: Integration of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry and conventional methods for estimating carbon assimilation in microalgae is important for physiological, ecological and economic purposes. In this study, we compared PAM fluorometry and carbon-14 (<sup>14</sup>C) uptake techniques to estimate the carbon fixation rate in <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> under controlled laboratory conditions. The key parameter for this comparison was the electron yield for carbon fixation (<i>Ф<sub>e</sub></i>), commonly assumed when converting electron transport rate (<i>ETR</i>) values into the chlorophyll-specific carbon fixation rate (<i>P<sup>B</sup></i>). Additional analyses of maximum (<i>Φ<sub>M</sub></i>) and effective (<i>Φ’<sub>M</sub></i>) quantum efficiency of photosystem II, photochemical (<i>qP</i>) and non-photochemical (<i>NPQ</i>) quenching, and photosynthesis-irradiance response curves demonstrated that the photophysiology of <i>C. vulgaris</i> did not change after a 2-h incubation with NaH<sup>14</sup>CO<sub>3</sub> and Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> (control). The association of <i>P<sup>B</sup></i> obtained through the <sup>14</sup>C method (151 ± 8.77 µmol C [mg chl <i>a</i>]<sup>–1</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>) with <i>ETR</i> (411 ± 3.91 µmol e<sup>−</sup> [mg chl <i>a</i>]<sup>–1</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>) resulted in an average <i>Ф<sub>e</sub></i> of 0.37 ± 0.02 µmol C [µmol e<sup>−</sup>]<sup>–1</sup>, which is higher than theoretical <i>Ф<sub>e</sub></i> values usually reported in the literature (e.g. 0.20 and 0.25). We attributed this discrepancy to a possible inaccuracy in <i>ETR</i> due to underestimated values of chlorophyll-specific absorption cross-section (<i>a*</i>) and the common assumption that only 50% of total light is absorbed by photosystem II. We here demonstrate the importance of associating chlorophyll fluorescence with other primary production techniques, so that adjustments to calculation procedures can be made in accordance to species-specific physiological traits and particularities regarding culturing conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14748068
title: Species delimitation within the colonial flagellates <i>Uroglena, Uroglenopsis</i> and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i> (Chrysophyceae)

description: Until recently, there was no agreement on species delimitation within the morphologically similar chrysophycean genera <i>Uroglena, Uroglenopsis</i> and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i>. In this study, we aimed at a modern taxonomic revision based on the combination of morphological characters (ultrastructure of cysts, cell and colony features) and a multigene phylogeny (SSU, ITS rDNA and <i>rbc</i>L sequences), with ecology taken into account. Of more than 650 explored localities, only approximately one in 10 hosted a viable and detectable population of these colonial chrysophytes at the time of sampling. We established and examined 189 short-term cultures along with single colony isolates, derived mostly from blooming or encysting populations. We obtained the cyst morphology for four species and two lineages of <i>Uroglena</i>, two species of <i>Uroglenopsis</i>, and four species of <i>Urostipulosphaera</i>. A total of 12 resolved lineages could be attributed to previously described species or new species (<i>Uroglena imitata</i> sp. nov., <i>Urostipulosphaera granulata</i> sp. nov.). Based on our molecular analyses and morphological observations, we assign all the previously described <i>Uroglena</i>-like taxa to newly recognized genera and propose a key to identification. Consequently, <i>Uroglena</i> now includes 16 species and two varieties, <i>Uroglenopsis</i> contains four species and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i> encompasses nine species. Within <i>Uroglena</i> and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i>, species are defined by the ultrastructure of their cysts. On the contrary, as <i>Uroglenopsis</i> has simple cysts, species are defined by cell and colony characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14790349.v1
title: Description and phylogenetic position of three new species of <i>Stauroneis</i> Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyceae: Stauroneidaceae) from the Indian Subcontinent

description: <i>Stauroneis</i> Ehrenberg is a species-rich genus that is common and widespread with some variation in frustule morphology. Recently, studies have explored the molecular diversity of the <i>Stauroneis</i> from the temperate region, but there are no molecular data for tropical species. In the present study, four species of <i>Stauroneis</i> were investigated using morphological and molecular data. Morphological characters were analysed using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the features of each taxon were compared with similar species within the genus. For the molecular analyses, <i>Stauroneis</i> strains were isolated, cultured, DNA was extracted, and sequences from <i>rbc</i>L and 18S genes were analysed to determine phylogenetic relationships. Our analysis describes three new species and records one previously known species. The new species are: (1) <i>Stauroneis lateritica</i> Wadmare, Kociolek & B.Karthick, characterized by small frustules with elliptical lanceolate valves and short subrostrate apices, broad central bow-tie shaped stauros, and few moderate striae centrally becoming strongly radiate towards the poles; (2) <i>Stauroneis sholaii</i> Wadmare, Kociolek & B.Karthick, which has broad lanceolate valves with short rectangular stauros and radiate striae; and (3) <i>Stauroneis bartii</i> Wadmare, Kociolek & B.Karthick, which has large, lanceolate valves with rounded apices, a stauros with 4–7 shortened striae and radiate striae. Ultrastructure and molecular data from India for the previously known, widespread species <i>Stauroneis gracilis</i> Ehrenberg are presented. The combined morphological and molecular approach supports recognition of <i>S. lateritica, S. sholaii</i> and <i>S. bartii</i> as new species. This study is the first-ever attempt at molecular species discovery of diatoms from the Indian subcontinent.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14501594
title: Taxonomy and species diversity of <i>Padina</i> (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from the Indo-Pacific with the description of two new species

description: Taxonomy, species diversity, and geographical distribution of the marine brown algal genus <i>Padina</i> (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from tropical South-East Asian waters were investigated through a combination of morphological and molecular analyses. The study presents a new schematic diagram showing a suite of morphological characters including thallus hairline structures that are useful for species delineation in the genus. This study also revealed two new species from Myanmar, <i>P. gracilis</i> sp. nov. and <i>P. lata</i> sp. nov. based on molecular and morphological data. <i>P. gracilis</i> is characterised by a 2-layered thallus, thin hairlines on both surfaces of the thallus at equal distances, non-indusiate reproductive sori distally very close to the hairlines on the inferior surface, and the presence of <i>Vaughaniella</i> stage. <i>P. lata</i> is characterized by a 2–4-layered tiny thallus, broad hairlines located only on the inferior thallus surface, non-indusiate reproductive sori abutting the hairlines on the inferior surface and irregularly spreading on the superior surface, and the presence of <i>Vaughaniella</i> stage. This study also revealed new distributional records for four <i>Padina</i> species: <i>P. okinawaensis</i> from Myanmar and <i>P. fasciata, P. ryukyuana</i> and <i>P. terricolor</i> from the Philippines. These findings point to elevated species diversity in central Indo-Pacific waters. This study confirmed that most of the <i>Padina</i> species in the Pacific regions are showing overlapping distribution across the regions, in contrast to species from the Indian Ocean, which tend to be confined to specific localities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14501594.v1
title: Taxonomy and species diversity of <i>Padina</i> (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from the Indo-Pacific with the description of two new species

description: Taxonomy, species diversity, and geographical distribution of the marine brown algal genus <i>Padina</i> (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from tropical South-East Asian waters were investigated through a combination of morphological and molecular analyses. The study presents a new schematic diagram showing a suite of morphological characters including thallus hairline structures that are useful for species delineation in the genus. This study also revealed two new species from Myanmar, <i>P. gracilis</i> sp. nov. and <i>P. lata</i> sp. nov. based on molecular and morphological data. <i>P. gracilis</i> is characterised by a 2-layered thallus, thin hairlines on both surfaces of the thallus at equal distances, non-indusiate reproductive sori distally very close to the hairlines on the inferior surface, and the presence of <i>Vaughaniella</i> stage. <i>P. lata</i> is characterized by a 2–4-layered tiny thallus, broad hairlines located only on the inferior thallus surface, non-indusiate reproductive sori abutting the hairlines on the inferior surface and irregularly spreading on the superior surface, and the presence of <i>Vaughaniella</i> stage. This study also revealed new distributional records for four <i>Padina</i> species: <i>P. okinawaensis</i> from Myanmar and <i>P. fasciata, P. ryukyuana</i> and <i>P. terricolor</i> from the Philippines. These findings point to elevated species diversity in central Indo-Pacific waters. This study confirmed that most of the <i>Padina</i> species in the Pacific regions are showing overlapping distribution across the regions, in contrast to species from the Indian Ocean, which tend to be confined to specific localities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14568632
title: Export flux succession of dinoflagellate cysts and planktonic foraminifera in an active upwelling cell off Cape Blanc (NW Africa)

description: To better understand production, succession, excystment and transport of dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) and planktonic foraminifera in the upper water column, we investigated their fluxes during a 7-day survey in the active upwelling off Cape Blanc (NW Africa) in November 2018 with drifting traps at 100 m, 200 m and 400 m water depth. The survey covered a change from active upwelling to stratified conditions. Highest production of organic dinocysts and planktonic foraminifera was observed during active upwelling conditions and decreased drastically towards the end of the survey. Calcareous dinocysts appeared later during upwelling relaxation. Cytoplasm-bearing (full) dinocysts and foraminifera were produced in the water column above the traps (&lt;100 m depth). Some of the empty dinocysts were resuspended, implying that sediments below the survey site contain both local and allochthonous cyst assemblages. This is the first demonstration that excystment in the upper water column is species-specific. <i>Brigantedinium</i> excysted in the upper water column before reaching deeper depths, whereas no upper water column excystment was observed for the other dinoflagellate species. Dinoflagellate and planktonic foraminifera associations showed a clear succession. During active upwelling, <i>Echinidinium zonneveldiae</i>, <i>Brigantedinium</i> spp., other peridinioids, <i>Echinidinium</i> spp., cysts of <i>Pentapharsodinium dalei</i>, ‘other photosynthetic organic-walled dinocysts‘, <i>Neogloboquadrina incompta</i> and <i>Globigerinella calida</i> were collected. During upwelling relaxation, <i>Lingulodinium machaerophorum</i> was produced; and under stratified conditions Gymnodiniaceae cysts (<i>G. microreticulatum</i>, <i>G. catenatum</i>) and the foraminifera <i>Globigerina bulloides</i> and <i>Orbulina universa</i> were sampled. Apart from enhancing knowledge of these species, our observations allow more detailed reconstructions of upwelling history in the Cape Blanc region based on sedimentary archives using fossilized dinoflagellate and planktonic foraminifera assemblages.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14748068.v1
title: Species delimitation within the colonial flagellates <i>Uroglena, Uroglenopsis</i> and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i> (Chrysophyceae)

description: Until recently, there was no agreement on species delimitation within the morphologically similar chrysophycean genera <i>Uroglena, Uroglenopsis</i> and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i>. In this study, we aimed at a modern taxonomic revision based on the combination of morphological characters (ultrastructure of cysts, cell and colony features) and a multigene phylogeny (SSU, ITS rDNA and <i>rbc</i>L sequences), with ecology taken into account. Of more than 650 explored localities, only approximately one in 10 hosted a viable and detectable population of these colonial chrysophytes at the time of sampling. We established and examined 189 short-term cultures along with single colony isolates, derived mostly from blooming or encysting populations. We obtained the cyst morphology for four species and two lineages of <i>Uroglena</i>, two species of <i>Uroglenopsis</i>, and four species of <i>Urostipulosphaera</i>. A total of 12 resolved lineages could be attributed to previously described species or new species (<i>Uroglena imitata</i> sp. nov., <i>Urostipulosphaera granulata</i> sp. nov.). Based on our molecular analyses and morphological observations, we assign all the previously described <i>Uroglena</i>-like taxa to newly recognized genera and propose a key to identification. Consequently, <i>Uroglena</i> now includes 16 species and two varieties, <i>Uroglenopsis</i> contains four species and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i> encompasses nine species. Within <i>Uroglena</i> and <i>Urostipulosphaera</i>, species are defined by the ultrastructure of their cysts. On the contrary, as <i>Uroglenopsis</i> has simple cysts, species are defined by cell and colony characteristics.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14790349
title: Description and phylogenetic position of three new species of <i>Stauroneis</i> Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyceae: Stauroneidaceae) from the Indian Subcontinent

description: <i>Stauroneis</i> Ehrenberg is a species-rich genus that is common and widespread with some variation in frustule morphology. Recently, studies have explored the molecular diversity of the <i>Stauroneis</i> from the temperate region, but there are no molecular data for tropical species. In the present study, four species of <i>Stauroneis</i> were investigated using morphological and molecular data. Morphological characters were analysed using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the features of each taxon were compared with similar species within the genus. For the molecular analyses, <i>Stauroneis</i> strains were isolated, cultured, DNA was extracted, and sequences from <i>rbc</i>L and 18S genes were analysed to determine phylogenetic relationships. Our analysis describes three new species and records one previously known species. The new species are: (1) <i>Stauroneis lateritica</i> Wadmare, Kociolek & B.Karthick, characterized by small frustules with elliptical lanceolate valves and short subrostrate apices, broad central bow-tie shaped stauros, and few moderate striae centrally becoming strongly radiate towards the poles; (2) <i>Stauroneis sholaii</i> Wadmare, Kociolek & B.Karthick, which has broad lanceolate valves with short rectangular stauros and radiate striae; and (3) <i>Stauroneis bartii</i> Wadmare, Kociolek & B.Karthick, which has large, lanceolate valves with rounded apices, a stauros with 4–7 shortened striae and radiate striae. Ultrastructure and molecular data from India for the previously known, widespread species <i>Stauroneis gracilis</i> Ehrenberg are presented. The combined morphological and molecular approach supports recognition of <i>S. lateritica, S. sholaii</i> and <i>S. bartii</i> as new species. This study is the first-ever attempt at molecular species discovery of diatoms from the Indian subcontinent.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14376524.v2
title: Comparing pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry with radiocarbon technique for determination of inorganic carbon fixation in <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta)

description: Integration of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) fluorometry and conventional methods for estimating carbon assimilation in microalgae is important for physiological, ecological and economic purposes. In this study, we compared PAM fluorometry and carbon-14 (<sup>14</sup>C) uptake techniques to estimate the carbon fixation rate in <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> under controlled laboratory conditions. The key parameter for this comparison was the electron yield for carbon fixation (<i>Ф<sub>e</sub></i>), commonly assumed when converting electron transport rate (<i>ETR</i>) values into the chlorophyll-specific carbon fixation rate (<i>P<sup>B</sup></i>). Additional analyses of maximum (<i>Φ<sub>M</sub></i>) and effective (<i>Φ’<sub>M</sub></i>) quantum efficiency of photosystem II, photochemical (<i>qP</i>) and non-photochemical (<i>NPQ</i>) quenching, and photosynthesis-irradiance response curves demonstrated that the photophysiology of <i>C. vulgaris</i> did not change after a 2-h incubation with NaH<sup>14</sup>CO<sub>3</sub> and Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> (control). The association of <i>P<sup>B</sup></i> obtained through the <sup>14</sup>C method (151 ± 8.77 µmol C [mg chl <i>a</i>]<sup>–1</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>) with <i>ETR</i> (411 ± 3.91 µmol e<sup>−</sup> [mg chl <i>a</i>]<sup>–1</sup> h<sup>–1</sup>) resulted in an average <i>Ф<sub>e</sub></i> of 0.37 ± 0.02 µmol C [µmol e<sup>−</sup>]<sup>–1</sup>, which is higher than theoretical <i>Ф<sub>e</sub></i> values usually reported in the literature (e.g. 0.20 and 0.25). We attributed this discrepancy to a possible inaccuracy in <i>ETR</i> due to underestimated values of chlorophyll-specific absorption cross-section (<i>a*</i>) and the common assumption that only 50% of total light is absorbed by photosystem II. We here demonstrate the importance of associating chlorophyll fluorescence with other primary production techniques, so that adjustments to calculation procedures can be made in accordance to species-specific physiological traits and particularities regarding culturing conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14568632.v1
title: Export flux succession of dinoflagellate cysts and planktonic foraminifera in an active upwelling cell off Cape Blanc (NW Africa)

description: To better understand production, succession, excystment and transport of dinoflagellate cysts (dinocysts) and planktonic foraminifera in the upper water column, we investigated their fluxes during a 7-day survey in the active upwelling off Cape Blanc (NW Africa) in November 2018 with drifting traps at 100 m, 200 m and 400 m water depth. The survey covered a change from active upwelling to stratified conditions. Highest production of organic dinocysts and planktonic foraminifera was observed during active upwelling conditions and decreased drastically towards the end of the survey. Calcareous dinocysts appeared later during upwelling relaxation. Cytoplasm-bearing (full) dinocysts and foraminifera were produced in the water column above the traps (&lt;100 m depth). Some of the empty dinocysts were resuspended, implying that sediments below the survey site contain both local and allochthonous cyst assemblages. This is the first demonstration that excystment in the upper water column is species-specific. <i>Brigantedinium</i> excysted in the upper water column before reaching deeper depths, whereas no upper water column excystment was observed for the other dinoflagellate species. Dinoflagellate and planktonic foraminifera associations showed a clear succession. During active upwelling, <i>Echinidinium zonneveldiae</i>, <i>Brigantedinium</i> spp., other peridinioids, <i>Echinidinium</i> spp., cysts of <i>Pentapharsodinium dalei</i>, ‘other photosynthetic organic-walled dinocysts‘, <i>Neogloboquadrina incompta</i> and <i>Globigerinella calida</i> were collected. During upwelling relaxation, <i>Lingulodinium machaerophorum</i> was produced; and under stratified conditions Gymnodiniaceae cysts (<i>G. microreticulatum</i>, <i>G. catenatum</i>) and the foraminifera <i>Globigerina bulloides</i> and <i>Orbulina universa</i> were sampled. Apart from enhancing knowledge of these species, our observations allow more detailed reconstructions of upwelling history in the Cape Blanc region based on sedimentary archives using fossilized dinoflagellate and planktonic foraminifera assemblages.