DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g1jwstqnz
title: Ruffed Grouse Resource Selection Function and Survival Datasets

description: For overwintering species, individuals’ ability to find refugia from
 inclement weather and predators likely confers strong fitness benefits.
 How animals use their environment can be mediated by their personality
 (e.g., risk-taking), but does personality mediate how overwintering
 species select refugia? Snow cover is a dynamic winter characteristic that
 can influence crypsis or provide below-the-snow refugia. We explored how
 wintering ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) selected snow roosting sites, a
 behavior that reduces stress and cold exposure. We linked selection for
 ~700 roosts with survival of 42 grouse, and showed that grouse generally
 selected deeper snow and warmer areas. Grouse found in shallow snow were
 less likely to survive winter. However, individuals with personalities for
 selecting deep snow improved their survival, suggesting that demographic
 consequences of selecting winter refugia are mediated by differences in
 personality. Our study provides a crucial, and seldom addressed, link
 between personality in resource selection and resulting demographic
 consequences.
description: Data were collected at Sandhill Wildlife Area in central
 Wisconsin. Individual Ruffed Grouse were radio-collared and their resource
 selection and survival were monitored for three winters: 2015-2016,
 2016-2017, and 2017-2018. For the resource selection function,
 "SSFdataset.csv", the dataset consists of GPS coordinates in
 UTMs and habitat characteristics of used and available Ruffed Grouse roost
 locations. For the survival analysis,"Survivaldataset.csv", the
 dataset consists of encounter histories for each individual on a weekly
 basis throughout the winter months, and covariates for each individual
 that were used as predictors in the known-fate analysis.
description: For the step-selection function, predictors shown in
 "SSFdataset.csv" have not yet been scaled. Environmental data
 were extracted from raster files in R. Columns in this
 dataset are: BirdName: a unique identifier
 for each individual Ruffed Grouse Waypoint: The
 original waypoint used to mark the roost site of a given grouse on a given
 day. The Waypoint is used as the stratum in this analysis, and is used as
 an identifier to link used and available locations.
 Easting: UTM Easting (m) Northing: UTM
 Northing (m) Depth: Snow depth (cm)
 JDate: modified Julian date where December 1st = 1 and continues
 numerically through March 31st of each year. used:
 This codes for used and available habitat where 1 = the actual grouse
 roost location, and 0 = available locations within 308 m of the roost
 location. distedge: The distance in (m) to the forest
 edge minT: Daily minimum temperature (minimum
 temperature on that day extracted for that location)
 MatureForest: The proportion of habitat classified as Mature
 Forest within a 100-m buffer of the location
 DenseCover: The proportion of habitat classified as Dense Cover
 within a 100-m buffer of the location Other: The
 proportion of habitat classfied as Other (mostly open water and marsh)
 within a 100-m buffer of the location Open: The
 proportion of habitat classified as Open within a 100-m buffer of the
 location ScrubOak: The proportion of habitat
 classified as Scrub Oak within a 100-m buffer of the location
 spavgT: winter temperature (the average minimum temperature
 calculated for that location over the course of the winter)
 Year: 1 = 2015-2016, 2 = 2016-2017, 3 = 2017-2018
 For the survival analysis,
 "Survivaldataset.csv", the predictors have not yet been scaled.
 To add the capture histories to the csv, use the R script
 "WinterSurvival.R". Descriptions of columns in the dataset are
 in the R script, and are also listed below.  Individual
 covariates (predictor variables) used in known-fate survival
 analysis:  SSEA15M = Mean snow selection
 above 15 cm ("SSE&gt;15M", or "personality in deep snow
 selection" in manuscript)  SSEB15M = Mean snow
 selection below 15 cm ("SSE&lt;15M", or "personality in
 shallow snow selection" in manuscript)  WTSEM =
 Mean winter temperature selection ("WTSEM", or "personality
 in winter temperature selection" in manuscript)
  changeWTSE = change in winter temperature selection
 ("deltaWTSE" or "plasticity in winter temperature
 selection" in manuscript)  changeSSEA15 = change
 in snow selection above 15 cm ("deltaSSE&gt;15" or
 "plasticity in deep snow selection" in manuscript)
  changeSSEB15 = change in snow selection below 15 cm
 ("deltaSSE&lt;15" or "plasticity in shallow snow
 selection" in manuscript)  WTEXP = median winter
 temperature that individual was exposed to at used roost sites
  FEXP = median proportion of mature forest that was present
 within 100 m of individual's used roost sites ("forest
 exposure")  OEXP = median proportion of open
 habitat that was present within 100 m of individual's used roost
 sites ("open habitat exposure")  SEXPB15 =
 median snow depth value at individual's used roost sites when snow
 depth at roost sites was below 15 cm ("SEXP&lt;15" or
 "shallow snow exposure")  SEXPA15 = median
 snow depth value at individual's used roost sites when snow depth at
 roost sites was above 15 cm ("SEXP&gt;15" or "deep snow
 exposure")  year = 1 = 2015-2016; 2 = 2016-2017;
 3 = 2017-2018