cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420622
title: Breastfeeding self-efficacy among blind mothers

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate breastfeeding self-efficacy among blind mothers. Method: This is a descriptive and exploratory research carried out in Fortaleza-Ceara, with ten blind mothers. Data were collected through an interview with the application of a socioeconomic and obstetric questionnaire and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form. Results: The majority of blind mothers presented high breastfeeding self-efficacy, but there were also mothers with low breastfeeding self-efficacy. Conclusion: It is necessary to follow-up mothers throughout the entire breastfeeding period to maintain or improve breastfeeding self-efficacy in this specific public.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420625.v1
title: Nursing diagnoses in primary health care consultations to newborns

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To describe and analyze nursing diagnoses established on newborns’ medical consultations in a primary health care service. Method: Descriptive, analytical and quantitative study performed in a primary health care clinic in São Paulo. Data were collected from the medical records of 37 children treated in 39 nursing consultations during their neonatal period. The identified nursing diagnoses were analyzed regarding: frequency, classification in strengthening or exhaustion in light of the health-disease process, and the correspondence with the essential needs of infants. Results: 372 diagnoses were identified, most of them of strengthening (71%), such as efficient development (n = 37) and effective growth (n = 36). Among the exhaustion diagnoses (29%), there was a predominance of risk for suffocation (n = 15) and impaired tissue integrity (n = 14). Most diagnoses corresponded to the need of physical protection and security. Conclusion: Families are strengthened in the care of the essential needs of newborns, however, preventing diseases is necessary.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420613
title: DETERMINATION OF POTASSIUM IN SILICATE ROCKS BY FLAME ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY AFTER ULTRASOUND DISSOLUTION

description: This work presents the development of an analytical method for sample preparation aiming at the K determination in silicate rocks (basalt, monzogranite and shale fines) following ultrasound dissolution and analysis by F AES. Sample preparation method was optimized by using fractional factorial designs. The following optimal conditions were obtained for each silicate rock: 0.1 g of sample mass for any of the three samples, and volumes of HNO3, HCl and HF, respectively, of 2.5, 0.8 and 2.5 mL for basalt; 3.5, 0.8 and 2.5 mL for monzogranite, and 2.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mL for shale fines. Sample dissolution was achieved by using the ultrasound bath at room temperature (25 °C) for 1 hour. The accuracy was evaluated through the analysis of two certified reference materials, for which there was no statistical difference between the certified and the found K concentration values (95% confidence level). The K concentrations determined were: 1.45 ± 0.01 for basalt; 4.19 ± 0.03 for monzogranite and 1.60 ± 0.02 for shale fines. The developed method presented accurate and reliable results for K amounts in silicate rocks and is simple and safe, which are important features for the implementation of a methodology as a routine analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420622.v1
title: Breastfeeding self-efficacy among blind mothers

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate breastfeeding self-efficacy among blind mothers. Method: This is a descriptive and exploratory research carried out in Fortaleza-Ceara, with ten blind mothers. Data were collected through an interview with the application of a socioeconomic and obstetric questionnaire and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale – Short Form. Results: The majority of blind mothers presented high breastfeeding self-efficacy, but there were also mothers with low breastfeeding self-efficacy. Conclusion: It is necessary to follow-up mothers throughout the entire breastfeeding period to maintain or improve breastfeeding self-efficacy in this specific public.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420610
title: Predicting post-absorptive protein and amino acid metabolism

description: ABSTRACT Sustainable production of adequate quantities of food to support a growing human population is a worldwide goal. Under current feeding conditions in the United States, dairy cattle convert dietary nitrogen to milk nitrogen with 25% efficiency. The remaining 75% is excreted, which contributes to air and water quality problems and reduces economic performance of the industry. Efficiency could be improved to 29% if protein was given to just meet current NRC requirements. Additional improvements may be achievable, but only with improved knowledge of amino acid (AA) requirements. The current metabolizable protein requirement model overestimates true requirements due to lack of knowledge of AA supply and requirements and to intrinsic limitations in system data and assumptions. Existing protein supply models based on passage and degradation rates are biased, which undermines predictions of AA supply. The use of an equation driven solely by protein solubility of each ingredient in the diet with no consideration of the effects of passage rate yielded unbiased predictions with significant improvements in precision. However, this still leaves a problem in predicting the AA composition of the ruminally undegraded protein (RUP). Current models generally assume that RUP AA composition equals the parent ingredient composition, but assessments of RUP AA composition indicate that this is false. Thus, bias is being introduced into predictions of the absorbed AA supply, which hampers derivation of estimates of AA digestion and absorption from the small intestine. Emerging isotope-based methods hold promise in allowing assessment of AA availability from individual ingredients in vivo, which will allow construction of a database of true ingredient AA bioavailabilities. These efforts will eventually allow development of more robust predictions of AA supply. On the AA requirement side, numerous data indicate that the efficiency of metabolizable protein use for lactation is variable and maximally 45%, whereas most models assume an efficiency of 65% or greater. The efficiencies of individual AA are centered on the protein efficiency value with those lower in efficiency, likely being provided in large excess. A better representation of the use efficiency of individual AA would allow improvements in overall animal N efficiency. Variable efficiency is driven by regulatory mechanisms that control protein synthesis in response to the supply of energy and individual AA and circulating concentrations of hormones and these drivers act independently and additively. Under this theory, protein synthesis can respond to nutrients other than the one identified as most limiting. Reflecting this regulation in our requirement models will allow better prediction of AA efficiency and enable construction of diets that minimize excess of individual AA by optimizing the energy and hormonal signals to improve N efficiency. Models of such an interacting system have been developed and shown to be superior in performance to models based on current paradigms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420610.v1
title: Predicting post-absorptive protein and amino acid metabolism

description: ABSTRACT Sustainable production of adequate quantities of food to support a growing human population is a worldwide goal. Under current feeding conditions in the United States, dairy cattle convert dietary nitrogen to milk nitrogen with 25% efficiency. The remaining 75% is excreted, which contributes to air and water quality problems and reduces economic performance of the industry. Efficiency could be improved to 29% if protein was given to just meet current NRC requirements. Additional improvements may be achievable, but only with improved knowledge of amino acid (AA) requirements. The current metabolizable protein requirement model overestimates true requirements due to lack of knowledge of AA supply and requirements and to intrinsic limitations in system data and assumptions. Existing protein supply models based on passage and degradation rates are biased, which undermines predictions of AA supply. The use of an equation driven solely by protein solubility of each ingredient in the diet with no consideration of the effects of passage rate yielded unbiased predictions with significant improvements in precision. However, this still leaves a problem in predicting the AA composition of the ruminally undegraded protein (RUP). Current models generally assume that RUP AA composition equals the parent ingredient composition, but assessments of RUP AA composition indicate that this is false. Thus, bias is being introduced into predictions of the absorbed AA supply, which hampers derivation of estimates of AA digestion and absorption from the small intestine. Emerging isotope-based methods hold promise in allowing assessment of AA availability from individual ingredients in vivo, which will allow construction of a database of true ingredient AA bioavailabilities. These efforts will eventually allow development of more robust predictions of AA supply. On the AA requirement side, numerous data indicate that the efficiency of metabolizable protein use for lactation is variable and maximally 45%, whereas most models assume an efficiency of 65% or greater. The efficiencies of individual AA are centered on the protein efficiency value with those lower in efficiency, likely being provided in large excess. A better representation of the use efficiency of individual AA would allow improvements in overall animal N efficiency. Variable efficiency is driven by regulatory mechanisms that control protein synthesis in response to the supply of energy and individual AA and circulating concentrations of hormones and these drivers act independently and additively. Under this theory, protein synthesis can respond to nutrients other than the one identified as most limiting. Reflecting this regulation in our requirement models will allow better prediction of AA efficiency and enable construction of diets that minimize excess of individual AA by optimizing the energy and hormonal signals to improve N efficiency. Models of such an interacting system have been developed and shown to be superior in performance to models based on current paradigms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420613.v1
title: DETERMINATION OF POTASSIUM IN SILICATE ROCKS BY FLAME ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY AFTER ULTRASOUND DISSOLUTION

description: This work presents the development of an analytical method for sample preparation aiming at the K determination in silicate rocks (basalt, monzogranite and shale fines) following ultrasound dissolution and analysis by F AES. Sample preparation method was optimized by using fractional factorial designs. The following optimal conditions were obtained for each silicate rock: 0.1 g of sample mass for any of the three samples, and volumes of HNO3, HCl and HF, respectively, of 2.5, 0.8 and 2.5 mL for basalt; 3.5, 0.8 and 2.5 mL for monzogranite, and 2.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mL for shale fines. Sample dissolution was achieved by using the ultrasound bath at room temperature (25 °C) for 1 hour. The accuracy was evaluated through the analysis of two certified reference materials, for which there was no statistical difference between the certified and the found K concentration values (95% confidence level). The K concentrations determined were: 1.45 ± 0.01 for basalt; 4.19 ± 0.03 for monzogranite and 1.60 ± 0.02 for shale fines. The developed method presented accurate and reliable results for K amounts in silicate rocks and is simple and safe, which are important features for the implementation of a methodology as a routine analysis.
DOI: 10.7284/116328
title: ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler) data collected during research cruise NH1409 using a Hawaii UHDAS instrument system onboard the platform RV New Horizon

description: Original (unprocessed) data collected during a Field_expedition
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420601
title: Animal performance and nutrient digestibility of feedlot steers fed a diet supplemented with a mixture of direct-fed microbials and digestive enzymes

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a mixture of direct-fed microbials (DFM), yeast, and digestive enzymes on animal performance in feedlot cattle, as well as digestibility when finishing feedlot cattle. Thirty crossbreed (Charolais × Beefmaster) steers averaging 15 months old and 321.83±3.73 kg of initial body weight were used. Animals were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: control (basal diet) and a mixture of DFM, yeast, and digestive enzymes (basal diet + 30 g of the mixture). Each group contained fifteen experimental units. Animals were fed individually twice a day, and dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded daily. Body weights were recorded initially and subsequently at 28-day intervals for a total of 140 days to evaluate average daily gain (ADG). The gain:feed ratio (G:F) was also calculated per period. Dry matter digestibility, crude protein (CPD), and neutral detergent fiber (NDFD) were evaluated in the finishing phase. Ten steers per treatment were randomly selected for digestibility evaluations. Insoluble acid detergent fiber was used to calculate apparent digestibility. A completely randomized design with measurements repeated over time was used to evaluate animal performance, and a completely randomized design was used to evaluate apparent digestibility. No effect of treatment was observed for DMI. At the end of the trial, differences for ADG were found between treatments, with higher values in control than the treatment group. However, no effect for G:F was found. Dry matter digestibility, CPD, and NDFD were similar between treatments. The addition of the mixture of DFM, yeast, and digestive enzymes as a feed supplement in the diet of feedlot cattle does not improve animal performance and nutrient digestibility.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420604
title: Crude glycerin combined with food additives in feeding beef cattle

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding crude glycerin with food additives (sodium monensin or essential oils) to the diets of beef cattle on feed intake, ruminal parameters, in vitro digestibility, and production of greenhouse gases. Five ruminally cannulated Nellore steers were randomly assigned in a 5×5 Latin square design. The treatments were: control, without crude glycerin and additives; with essential oils and without crude glycerin; with sodium monensin and without crude glycerin; with essential oils and crude glycerin; and with sodium monensin and crude glycerin. The addition of crude glycerin caused a reduction in dry matter (DM) intake, increase in vitro dry matter digestibility, and decrease in vitro crude protein digestibility, regardless of the food additive. All treatments were effective in maintaining the rumen environment with pH values above 6.2 and ammonia nitrogen concentrations above 10 mg dL−1. No difference was observed in the production and quality of protozoal and bacterial fractions. The addition of crude glycerin at 200 g kg−1 DM in the total diet can partially replace corn grain and soybean hulls and be combined with either sodium monensin or essential oil without impairing the rumen fermentation, being effective in reducing gas methane production and, when combined with sodium monensin, enables more efficient utilization of the diet by the animal. Therefore, feedlot experiments at large scales of production should be evaluated to prove these positive results.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420607
title: Cocoa byproduct in diets for dairy heifers

description: ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of substituting Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon sp. cv. Tifton 85) with levels of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) byproduct (0, 8, 16, and 24%, diet dry matter basis) in the diet of 16 Holstein × Gir heifers with an average body weight of 363.0±27.7 kg on their nutrient intake, digestibility, and protein balance. The experimental period was 17 days, and the sample collection period was five days. There was no effect of cocoa byproduct on nutrient intake. However, the byproduct affected the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber, all of which decreased as the level of inclusion of the byproduct in the diet was increased. Nitrogen balance was negatively affected by the inclusion of 24% cocoa byproduct. It is recommended to use cocoa byproduct up to the level of 16% to replace Tifton 85 grass hay in diets for dairy heifers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420607.v1
title: Cocoa byproduct in diets for dairy heifers

description: ABSTRACT This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of substituting Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon sp. cv. Tifton 85) with levels of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) byproduct (0, 8, 16, and 24%, diet dry matter basis) in the diet of 16 Holstein × Gir heifers with an average body weight of 363.0±27.7 kg on their nutrient intake, digestibility, and protein balance. The experimental period was 17 days, and the sample collection period was five days. There was no effect of cocoa byproduct on nutrient intake. However, the byproduct affected the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber, all of which decreased as the level of inclusion of the byproduct in the diet was increased. Nitrogen balance was negatively affected by the inclusion of 24% cocoa byproduct. It is recommended to use cocoa byproduct up to the level of 16% to replace Tifton 85 grass hay in diets for dairy heifers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420592
title: Multivariate relationship among body protein, fat, and macrominerals of male and female Saanen goats using canonical correlation analysis

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the multivariate relationship among body protein, fat, and macrominerals in Saanen goats of different sexes (castrated males, females, and intact males) using canonical correlation analysis. Individual records of 274 Saanen goats combined from 10 studies was used. Two sets of body constituents were established: the first one contained variables related to body protein or fat (canonical variate U) and the second contained variables related to body calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, or potassium (canonical variate V). Two canonical pairs were identified for each sex. However, irrespective of sex, first canonical pairs accounted for more than 87% of variance of the dependent variables, these only being used for the analysis. For canonical variate U1, canonical weights for protein were greater than that for fat (in castrated males, protein = 0.62 and fat = 0.41; in females, protein = 0.96 and fat = 0.039; and in intact males, protein = 0.81 and fat = 0.20). For canonical variate V1, in males, the highest canonical weights were for potassium and phosphorus, whereas the lowest were for calcium (in castrated males, potassium = 0.485 &gt; phosphorus = 0.259 &gt; magnesium = 0.206 &gt; sodium = 0.129 &gt; calcium = 0.081, and in intact males, potassium = 0.499 &gt; phosphorus = 0.459 &gt; sodium = 0.105 &gt; magnesium = 0.024 &gt; calcium = 0.001). On the other hand, in females, the highest canonical weights were for potassium and calcium, whereas the lowest was for magnesium (potassium = 0.539 &gt; calcium = 0.201 &gt; phosphorus = 0.178 &gt; sodium = 0.088 &gt; magnesium = 0.081). The current results may help to understand the role of sex on strength and nature of the association among body protein, fat, and macrominerals in growing Saanen goats.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420598
title: Dietary level of cull pinto beans on animal performance, digestibility, and energy balance of pregnant-lactating hair ewes

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of three levels of cull pinto beans (CPB) on animal performance, energy balance, and digestibility of hair ewes during pregnancy-lactation. One hundred and sixty-eight Pelibuey ewes were used (105 multiparous and 63 primiparous). Seven ewes of each type were randomly assigned to each of the 24 pens. Then, the twenty-four pens were randomly assigned to one of three treatments. Treatments were assigned on DM basis at: 0 g kg−1 of CPB in the supplement; 250 g kg−1 of CPB in the supplement; and 500 g kg−1 of CPB in the supplement. Data was analyzed by using the PROC MIXED of SAS. Lamb birth and weaning weight were also evaluated with the GLM procedure of SAS. All variables were analyzed as a completely randomized design. No differences among treatments were observed for body weight, body condition score, non-esterified fatty acids, and body weaning weight. During late pregnancy, dry matter intake was different among treatments, but it was similar during lactation. Body birth weight was different among treatments and showed a quadratic effect. At day 30 of lactation, a treatment effect was found for digestibility of dry matter (DM). At the end of lactation, digestibility of crude protein was different among treatments. In day 60 of lactation, differences among treatments were found for digestibility of neutral detergent fiber. Due to equal ewe performance among treatments of CPB and its low cost, its use is recommended in hair ewe feeding for these productive stages: 500 g kg−1 DM of the supplement during pregnancy and 400 g kg−1 DM during lactation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7420601.v1
title: Animal performance and nutrient digestibility of feedlot steers fed a diet supplemented with a mixture of direct-fed microbials and digestive enzymes

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a mixture of direct-fed microbials (DFM), yeast, and digestive enzymes on animal performance in feedlot cattle, as well as digestibility when finishing feedlot cattle. Thirty crossbreed (Charolais × Beefmaster) steers averaging 15 months old and 321.83±3.73 kg of initial body weight were used. Animals were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups: control (basal diet) and a mixture of DFM, yeast, and digestive enzymes (basal diet + 30 g of the mixture). Each group contained fifteen experimental units. Animals were fed individually twice a day, and dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded daily. Body weights were recorded initially and subsequently at 28-day intervals for a total of 140 days to evaluate average daily gain (ADG). The gain:feed ratio (G:F) was also calculated per period. Dry matter digestibility, crude protein (CPD), and neutral detergent fiber (NDFD) were evaluated in the finishing phase. Ten steers per treatment were randomly selected for digestibility evaluations. Insoluble acid detergent fiber was used to calculate apparent digestibility. A completely randomized design with measurements repeated over time was used to evaluate animal performance, and a completely randomized design was used to evaluate apparent digestibility. No effect of treatment was observed for DMI. At the end of the trial, differences for ADG were found between treatments, with higher values in control than the treatment group. However, no effect for G:F was found. Dry matter digestibility, CPD, and NDFD were similar between treatments. The addition of the mixture of DFM, yeast, and digestive enzymes as a feed supplement in the diet of feedlot cattle does not improve animal performance and nutrient digestibility.