cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-3030
title: Arthur James Balfour, letter, 1923-05-16, to Hamlin Garland

description: Arthur James Balfour, 4 Carlton Gardens, Westminster, England, United Kingdom, letter, 1923 May 16, to Hamlin Garland. "I have just received your letter…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6427
title: Leland D. Case, letter, 1938-12-01, to Hamlin Garland

description: Leland D. Case (The Rotarian), 515 Camino del Monte Sol, Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA, letter, 1938 December 1, to Hamlin Garland, 2045 De Mille Drive, Hollywood, California, USA. "You have my wire, so know the manuscript reached me." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-3135
title: Ray Stannard Baker, letter, 1930-09-19, to Hamlin Garland

description: Ray Stannard Baker, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA, letter, 1930 September 19, to Hamlin Garland. "I was very sorry that Mrs. Baker and I could not…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7142
title: William Weaver Christman, letter, to Hamlin Garland

description: William Weaver Christman, Delanson, New York, USA, letter, [no year] October 21, to Hamlin Garland. "Your note of thanks dated Oct. 19 rec'd yesterday." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6162
title: George C. Capron, letter, 1936-12-08, to Hamlin Garland

description: George C. Capron (The Gorman Engraving Company), Cleveland, Ohio, USA, letter, 1936 December 8, to Hamlin Garland. "I thank you for the pleasant letter…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7170
title: Winston Churchill, letter, 1916-10-06, to Hamlin Garland

description: Winston Churchill, Windsor, Vermont, USA, letter, 1916 October 6, to Hamlin Garland, 71 East 92nd Street, New York Manhattan, New York, USA. "I have had to be away again, and I am looking at both your notes at once." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6371
title: Mitchell Carroll, letter, 1922-03-10, to Hamlin Garland

description: Mitchell Carroll (Cosmos Club), Washington, District of Columbia, USA, letter, 1922 March 10, to Hamlin Garland, 71 East 92nd Street, New York Manhattan, New York, USA. "I have been reading with infinite enjoyment the 'Daughter of the Middle Border'…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7184
title: Winston Churchill, letter, 1921-07-07, to Hamlin Garland

description: Winston Churchill, Windsor, Vermont, USA, letter, 1921 July 7, to Hamlin Garland. "I congratulate you on your new home, and you may be sure I should like to help in any way I could." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7175
title: Winston Churchill, letter, 1917-12-04, to Hamlin Garland

description: Winston Churchill (The Ritz-Carlton Hotel), Madison Avenue and 46th Street, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1917 December 4, to Hamlin Garland (The Players), 16 Gramercy Park, New York, New York, USA . "I have just returned from abroad to get your little note…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-3139
title: George Grey Barnard, letter, 1930-10-14, to Hamlin Garland

description: George Grey Barnard, 700 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1930 October 14, to Hamlin Garland, 507 Cathedral Parkway, New York, New York, USA. "I have not exhibited for many years, but at your request…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6317
title: Harry Carr, letter, 1931-10-15, to Hamlin Garland

description: Harry Carr (Los Times Mirror Company), Broadway and 1st Street, Los Angeles, California, USA, letter, 1931 October 15, to Hamlin Garland. "I enjoyed Companions of the Trail even more than the others--which is saying much." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7172
title: Winston Churchill, letter, 1916-12-07, to Hamlin Garland

description: Winston Churchill, 22 Marlborough Street, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, letter, 1916 December 7, to Hamlin Garland, 71 East 92nd Street, New York Manhattan, New York, USA. "I am so glad to hear that the Pan-American dinner promises so favourably." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6523
title: George F. Chaffee, letter, 1920-05-05, to Hamlin Garland

description: George F. Chaffee, Atlanta, Louisiana, USA, letter, 1920 May 5, to Hamlin Garland. "A few years ago in the Saturday Eve. Post, I began a very interesting story, 'A Son of the Middle Border'…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7550
title: Seward Collins, letter, 1936-05-18, to Hamlin Garland

description: Seward Collins (Ther American Review), 231 West 58th Street, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1936 May 18, to Hamlin Garland. "I am very grateful to you for reversing your decision in the matter of allowing the A.S.P.R. Journal to print the last chapter…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6456
title: Mary Hartwell Catherwood, letter, 1895-11-18, to Hamlin Garland

description: Mary Hartwell Catherwood, letter, 1895 November 18, to Hamlin Garland. "I was not able to see…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7612
title: E.P.A. Connaughton, letter, 1940-02-23, to Hamlin Garland

description: E.P.A. Connaughton, letter, 1940 February 23, to Hamlin Garland. "Recently we have been staying at the Rancho Monte Alegre…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2619
title: D.F. Barry, letter, 1900-09-29, to Hamlin Garland

description: D.F. Barry, 1312 Tower Avenue, Superior, Wisconsin, USA, letter, 1900 September 29, to Hamlin Garland, West Salem, Wisconsin, USA. "Your letter rec'd. Your friend Mr. Moss called and kindly informed me of your wants...." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7583
title: Padraic Colum, letter, 1919-11-11, to Hamlin Garland

description: Padraic Colum, 33 West 82 Street, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1919 November 11, to Hamlin Garland. "Thank you very much for your invitation…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2518
title: Tom Barry, letter, [no year]-04-14, to Hamlin Garland

description: Tom Barry (The Green Room), New York, New York, USA, letter, [no year] April 14, to Hamlin Garland. "Many thanks for your kind thoughts…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7700
title: Alice C. Cooper, letter, 1935-01-10, to Hamlin Garland

description: Alice C. Cooper (University High School), Oakland, California, USA, letter, 1935 January 10, to Hamlin Garland, 7 West 43rd Street, New York, New York, USA. "I have just completed a collection of prose and poetry which shows through literature the historical progress of the United States." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2883
title: Parkman T. Battelle, letter, 1920-09-15, to Hamlin Garland

description: Parkman T. Battelle (Guaranty Company of New York), 5th Avenue and 44th Street, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1920 September 15, to Hamlin Garland, Onteora Road, Tannersville, New York, USA. "The proceeds from the sale…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2659
title: William Oscar Bates, letter, 1911-09-18, to Hamlin Garland

description: William Oscar Bates, 764 Middle Drive Woodruff Place, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, letter, 1911 September 18, to Hamlin Garland, West Salem, Wisconsin, USA. "I have heard with active interest your…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2773
title: Ray Stannard Baker, letter, 1917-07-18, to Hamlin Garland

description: Ray Stannard Baker, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA, letter, 1917 July 18, to Hamlin Garland. "In any event…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7449
title: Alexander Gaylord Emmons Beaman, letter, 1939-08-17, to Reverend Rudolph I. Coffee

description: Alexander Gaylord Emmons Beaman, letter, 1939 August 17, to Reverend Rudolph I. Coffee (Temple of Religion), 240 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California, USA. "My friend, State Librarian Gillis, refers me to you in connection with a question which I have laid before her…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2727
title: Ray Stannard Baker, letter, 1915-01-27, to Hamlin Garland

description: Ray Stannard Baker, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA, letter, 1915 January 28, to Hamlin Garland. "It is wonderful how you…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7710
title: Clayton Sedgwick Cooper, letter, 1922-02-17, to Hamlin Garland

description: Clayton Sedgwick Cooper (W.R. Grace & Company), New York, New York, USA, letter, 1922 February 17, to Hamlin Garland, 71 East 92nd Street, New York Manhattan, New York, USA. "Replying to your letter of February 12th, I would suggest that you write to the Commissioner of Education…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-5991
title: William N. Butler, letter, 1897-02-02, to Hamlin Garland

description: William N. Butler, Cairo, Illinois, USA, letter, 1897 February 2, to Hamlin Garland, Washington, District of Columbia, USA. "You are safe in quoting Col. J.S. Reanders (spelling?)…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6306
title: Harry Carr, letter, to Hamlin Garland

description: Harry Carr (Los Angeles Times), Los Angeles, California, USA, letter, [no year] November 9, to Hamlin Garland. "I have just came back from Arizona to find your delightful book!" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6377
title: Nicholas Carroll, letter, 1931-10-15, to Hamlin Garland

description: Nicholas Carroll, 367 Lebanon Street, Walden, Massachusetts, USA, letter, 1931 October 15, to Hamlin Garland. "I have been a warm admirer of your work ever since a day in 1911…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6265
title: Hamlin Garland, letter, 1934-12-30, to Harry Carr

description: Hamlin Garland, 2045 De Mille Drive, Hollywood, California, USA, letter, 1934 December 30, to Harry Carr. "In your kind note concerning my 'literary log' you quote the paragraph…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2393
title: L.M. Bailey, letter, 1916-01-11, to Hamlin Garland

description: L.M. Bailey (The Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States), 120 Broadway, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1916 January 11, to Hamlin Garland (Park Avenue Hotel), 70 Park Avenue, New York, New York, USA. "We beg to acknowledge receipt of your favor of the 8th…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6477
title: Madison Julius Cawein, letter, 1909-04-08, to Hamlin Garland

description: Madison Julius Cawein, 18 St. James Court, Louisville, Kentucky, USA, letter, 1909 April 8, to Hamlin Garland, 168 Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, USA. "I have read about the Cliff Dwellers and am glad to be included…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2519
title: Tom Barry, letter, [no year]-04-14, to Hamlin Garland

description: Tom Barry (The Green Room), New York, New York, USA, letter, [no year] April 14, to Hamlin Garland. "Many thanks for your kind thoughts…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6180
title: Charles Arthur Carlisle, letter, 1927-04-22, to Hamlin Garland

description: Charles Arthur Carlisle, South Bend, Indiana, USA, letter, 1927 April 22, to Hamlin Garland, 507 Cathedral Parkway, New York, New York, USA. "I am glad to note that you know Mr. Lorado Taft, beause he knew Mr. Clem Studebaker…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7774
title: John O'Hara Cosgrave, letter, 1916-02-24, to Hamlin Garland

description: John O'Hara Cosgrave (The World), 99 Park Row, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1916 February 24, to Hamlin Garland (The Players), 16 Gramercy Park, New York, New York, USA . "You must have heard quite a good deal about Sunday's article." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6129
title: Henry Seidel Canby, letter, 1921-02-25, to Hamlin Garland

description: Henry Seidel Canby (The Literary Review of the New York Evening Post), letter, 1921 February 25, to Hamlin Garland (National Academy of Arts and Letters), 347 Madison Avenue, New York Manhattan, New York, USA. "I have put in today's issue of the Literary Review a notice of the Howells meeting…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6850
title: Hobart Chatfield-Taylor, letter, 1911-09-14, to Arthur Bissell

description: Hobart Chatfield-Taylor, Lake Forest, Illinois, USA, letter, 1911 September 14, to Arthur Bissell. "I fear I cannot endorse the praise that has been given 'The Superior Person'…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7582
title: Padraic Colum, letter, 1919-11-11, to Hamlin Garland

description: Padraic Colum, 33 West 82 Street, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1919 November 11, to Hamlin Garland. "Thank you very much for your invitation…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7598
title: Grace Hazard Conkling, letter, 1920-06-10, to Hamlin Garland

description: Grace Hazard Conkling, 31 Park Street, Northhampton, Massachusetts, USA, letter, 1920 June 10, to Hamlin Garland. "I want to answer your kind letter today, surely, and am goin gto ask you to forgive my using the type-writer." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7108
title: Hamlin Garland, letter, 1913-05-08, to Mrs. Calvin Chollett

description: Hamlin Garland, letter, 1913 May 8, to Mrs. Calvin Chollett, 867 Oakwood Avenue, Toledo, Ohio, USA. "I am enclosing a little slip which will give you six or eight of my lectures…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7678
title: Ina Donna Coolbrith, letter, 1898-05-08, to Hamlin Garland

description: Ina Donna Coolbrith (Mercantile Library Association), San Francisco, California, USA, letter, 1898 May 8, to Hamlin Garland. "Forgive my tardy response of your kind letter." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6922
title: Hobart Chatfield-Taylor, letter, 1929-08-23, to Hamlin Garland

description: Hobart Chatfield-Taylor, Santa Barbara, California, USA, letter, 1929 August 23, to Hamlin Garland. "I am in Santa Barbara, and I am not - the paradox being that we have a cottage on the beach at Serena…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7431
title: Mrs. Cuthbert, letter, 1935-07-12, to Hamlin Garland

description: Mrs. Cuthbert, Cheyenne, Wyoming, USA, letter, 1935 July 12, to Hamlin Garland. "Many years ago (about 1909) you drove …" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-6825
title: Hamlin Garland, letter, 1933-07-21, to Joe Mitchell Chapple

description: Hamlin Garland, 2045 De Mille Drive, Hollywood, California, USA, letter, 1933 July 21, to Joe Mitchell Chapple. "My wife and daughter-- as well as I…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2863
title: Lewis Barth, letter, 1919-12-02, to Hamlin Garland

description: Lewis Barth, Forest City, letter, 1919 December 2, to Hamlin Garland, 71 East 92nd Street, New York Manhattan, New York, USA. "I have been moved for sometime to write…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7116
title: Frances Christesen, letter, to Hamlin Garland

description: Frances Christesen, letter, [no year] March 22, to Hamlin Garland, 2045 De Mille Drive, Hollywood, California, USA. "I had a talk with Mr. Schadd of the Huntington Library on Friday…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2527
title: Frederic Clay Bartlett, letter, to Hamlin Garland

description: Frederic Clay Bartlett, Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, USA, letter, to Hamlin Garland. "On returning from a trip east…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7691
title: Alice C. Cooper, letter, 1921-09-16, to Hamlin Garland

description: Alice C. Cooper (University High School), Oakland, California, USA, letter, 1921 September 16, to Hamlin Garland (The Players), 16 Gramercy Park, New York, New York, USA . "I am compiling an Anthology of Modern Poetry for use in high schools…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7613
title: E.P.A. Connaughton, letter, 1940-02-23, to Hamlin Garland

description: E.P.A. Connaughton, letter, 1940 February 23, to Hamlin Garland. "Recently we have been staying at the Rancho Monte Alegre…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7542
title: Seward Collins, letter, 1926-12-19, to Hamlin Garland

description: Seward Collins (The Bookman), 386 4th Avenue, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1926 December 26, to Hamlin Garland, 507 Cathedral Parkway, New York, New York, USA. "As you probably know, there has just been published a collected edition of the writings of Owen Wister." -- first line.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576491
title: Mathematica code for the 5-point equations from Quasi-classical expansion of a hyperbolic solution to the star–star relation and multicomponent 5-point difference equations

description: Contains some Mathematica code for the 5-point equations
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576491.v1
title: Mathematica code for the 5-point equations from Quasi-classical expansion of a hyperbolic solution to the star–star relation and multicomponent 5-point difference equations

description: Contains some Mathematica code for the 5-point equations
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-2615
title: D.F. Barry, letter, 1900-09-29, to Hamlin Garland

description: D.F. Barry, 1312 Tower Avenue, Superior, Wisconsin, USA, letter, 1900 September 29, to Hamlin Garland, West Salem, Wisconsin, USA. "Your letter rec'd. Your friend Mr. Moss called and kindly informed me of your wants...." -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7273
title: Ralph Clarkson, letter, to Hamlin Garland

description: Ralph Clarkson (The Cliff Dwellers), 220 South Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois, USA, letter, to Hamlin Garland. "I have (illegible) t he House Committee …" -- first line.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576494
title: dctFirstPaperTJAll.pkl from The formation energy of triple lines

description: Triple lines occur where three grain boundaries intersect and are an intrinsic part of the defect structure of a material. Grain boundaries and dislocations both contribute a positive excess energy as they represent a deviation from the pristine lattice. By contrast, a triple line is formed within an already defective region of a material and so the formation energy need not be positive. A Gibbsian method is presented to find the formation energy of a triple line in a model for aluminium using molecular dynamics exploiting the symmetry of two related simulation cells. Approximately 83% of our 615 simulations produced a negative triple line formation energy with a moderately strong negative correlation with the mean excess grain boundary energy of the adjoining grain boundaries. The triple line formation energy was particularly sensitive to changes in its position and the associated spatial gradient provides an additional force acting on the triple line which is not included in the Herring relationship. Furthermore, this energy gradient would contribute to the driving force acting on a triple line and influence the drag effect of triple lines during grain growth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576494.v1
title: dctFirstPaperTJAll.pkl from The formation energy of triple lines

description: Triple lines occur where three grain boundaries intersect and are an intrinsic part of the defect structure of a material. Grain boundaries and dislocations both contribute a positive excess energy as they represent a deviation from the pristine lattice. By contrast, a triple line is formed within an already defective region of a material and so the formation energy need not be positive. A Gibbsian method is presented to find the formation energy of a triple line in a model for aluminium using molecular dynamics exploiting the symmetry of two related simulation cells. Approximately 83% of our 615 simulations produced a negative triple line formation energy with a moderately strong negative correlation with the mean excess grain boundary energy of the adjoining grain boundaries. The triple line formation energy was particularly sensitive to changes in its position and the associated spatial gradient provides an additional force acting on the triple line which is not included in the Herring relationship. Furthermore, this energy gradient would contribute to the driving force acting on a triple line and influence the drag effect of triple lines during grain growth.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-5997
title: Helen Butterfield, letter, 1921-12-22, to Zulime Garland

description: Helen Butterfield (The Woman's Auxiliary of the Children's Museum), 773 Eastern Parkway, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1921 December 22, to Zulime Garland. "It was such a joy to see you last night…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576499
title: A readme file from A cluster growth model for heterogeneous nucleation

description: Guide to the codes
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-7422
title: Grace Isabel Colbron, letter, 1911-07-29, to Hamlin Garland

description: Grace Isabel Colbron, 250 West 78th Street, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1911 July 29, to Hamlin Garland. "Pardon my delay in asnwering your letter." -- first line.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576499.v1
title: A readme file from A cluster growth model for heterogeneous nucleation

description: Guide to the codes
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-5892
title: Ellis Parker Butler, letter, 1926-03-19, to Hamlin Garland

description: Ellis Parker Butler, 242 State Street, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1926 March 19, to Hamlin Garland. "I'm quite willing to remain on your committee…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-3241
title: Norman Basset, letter, 1938-02-03, to Hamlin Garland

description: Norman Basset (Wisconsin Library Association), 114 South Carroll Street, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, letter, 1938 February 3, to Hamlin Garland, 2045 De Mille Drive, Hollywood, California, USA. "In 1932 you very generaously donated and inscribed a copy of 'A Son of the Middle Border'…" -- first line.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576505
title: A zip file of the codes from A cluster growth model for heterogeneous nucleation

description: Contains the codes used
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576505.v1
title: A zip file of the codes from A cluster growth model for heterogeneous nucleation

description: Contains the codes used
DOI: 10.25549/gar-c81-5975
title: Nicholas Murray Butler, letter, 1921-06-09, to Hamlin Garland

description: Nicholas Murray Butler (Columbia University), 116th St and Broadway, New York, New York, USA, letter, 1921 June 9, to Hamlin Garland, 71 East 92nd Street, New York Manhattan, New York, USA. "Best thanks for your cordial greeting of the 7th with its message from Mrs. Garland and yourself." -- first line.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576512
title: dctFirstPaperGBAll.pkl from The formation energy of triple lines

description: Triple lines occur where three grain boundaries intersect and are an intrinsic part of the defect structure of a material. Grain boundaries and dislocations both contribute a positive excess energy as they represent a deviation from the pristine lattice. By contrast, a triple line is formed within an already defective region of a material and so the formation energy need not be positive. A Gibbsian method is presented to find the formation energy of a triple line in a model for aluminium using molecular dynamics exploiting the symmetry of two related simulation cells. Approximately 83% of our 615 simulations produced a negative triple line formation energy with a moderately strong negative correlation with the mean excess grain boundary energy of the adjoining grain boundaries. The triple line formation energy was particularly sensitive to changes in its position and the associated spatial gradient provides an additional force acting on the triple line which is not included in the Herring relationship. Furthermore, this energy gradient would contribute to the driving force acting on a triple line and influence the drag effect of triple lines during grain growth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30576512.v1
title: dctFirstPaperGBAll.pkl from The formation energy of triple lines

description: Triple lines occur where three grain boundaries intersect and are an intrinsic part of the defect structure of a material. Grain boundaries and dislocations both contribute a positive excess energy as they represent a deviation from the pristine lattice. By contrast, a triple line is formed within an already defective region of a material and so the formation energy need not be positive. A Gibbsian method is presented to find the formation energy of a triple line in a model for aluminium using molecular dynamics exploiting the symmetry of two related simulation cells. Approximately 83% of our 615 simulations produced a negative triple line formation energy with a moderately strong negative correlation with the mean excess grain boundary energy of the adjoining grain boundaries. The triple line formation energy was particularly sensitive to changes in its position and the associated spatial gradient provides an additional force acting on the triple line which is not included in the Herring relationship. Furthermore, this energy gradient would contribute to the driving force acting on a triple line and influence the drag effect of triple lines during grain growth.