cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19970993
title: ANIMAL MODELS FOR COLORECTAL CANCER

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a very frequent sort of neoplasm among the population, with a high mortality rate. It develops from an association of genetic and environmental factors, and it is related to multiple cell signaling pathways. Cell cultures and animal models are used in research to reproduce the process of disease development in humans. Of the existing animal models, the most commonly used are animals with tumors induced by chemical agents and genetically modified animals. Objective: To present and synthesize the main animal models of colorectal carcinogenesis used in the research, comparing its advantages and disadvantages. Method: This literature review was performed through the search for scientific articles over the last 18 years in PubMed and Science Direct databases, by using keywords such as “animal models”, “colorectal carcinogenesis” and “tumor induction”. Results: 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and azoxymethane are carcinogenic agents with high specificity for the small and large intestine regions. Therefore, the two substances are widely used. Concerning the genetically modified animal models, there is a larger number of studies concerning mutations of the APC, p53 and K-ras genes. Animals with the APC gene mutation develop colorectal neoplasms, whereas animals with p53 and K-ras genes mutations are able to potentiate the effects of the APC gene mutation as well as the chemical inducers. Conclusion: Each animal model has advantages and disadvantages, and some are individually efficient as to the induction of carcinogenesis, and in other cases the association of two forms of induction is the best way to obtain representative results of carcinogenesis in humans.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19970993.v1
title: ANIMAL MODELS FOR COLORECTAL CANCER

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Colorectal cancer is a very frequent sort of neoplasm among the population, with a high mortality rate. It develops from an association of genetic and environmental factors, and it is related to multiple cell signaling pathways. Cell cultures and animal models are used in research to reproduce the process of disease development in humans. Of the existing animal models, the most commonly used are animals with tumors induced by chemical agents and genetically modified animals. Objective: To present and synthesize the main animal models of colorectal carcinogenesis used in the research, comparing its advantages and disadvantages. Method: This literature review was performed through the search for scientific articles over the last 18 years in PubMed and Science Direct databases, by using keywords such as “animal models”, “colorectal carcinogenesis” and “tumor induction”. Results: 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and azoxymethane are carcinogenic agents with high specificity for the small and large intestine regions. Therefore, the two substances are widely used. Concerning the genetically modified animal models, there is a larger number of studies concerning mutations of the APC, p53 and K-ras genes. Animals with the APC gene mutation develop colorectal neoplasms, whereas animals with p53 and K-ras genes mutations are able to potentiate the effects of the APC gene mutation as well as the chemical inducers. Conclusion: Each animal model has advantages and disadvantages, and some are individually efficient as to the induction of carcinogenesis, and in other cases the association of two forms of induction is the best way to obtain representative results of carcinogenesis in humans.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19970999.v1
title: THE IMPORTANCE OF COLONOSCOPY IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Endoscopic evaluation, particularly the macroscopic mucosal and histological results of ileocolic biopsies, is essential for the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Endoscopic appearance is not always sufficient to differentiate Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, but there are some characteristics that favor one or another diagnosis. Both diseases have an increased incidence of colorectal carcinoma; so, surveillance colonoscopy is important for detecting early neoplastic lesions. Objective: To update the importance of endoscopy in the evaluation, diagnosis and prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease. Method: Search was done in the scientific literature of the TRIP database, chosen from clinical questions (PICO) with the following descriptors: “inflammatory bowel disease”, “endoscopy/colonoscopy”, “Crohn’s disease”, “ulcerative colitis” and “diagnosis/treatment”. Results: Endoscopic investigation in patients with chronic colitis is quite accurate for the differential diagnosis between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Endoscopy is indicated for ulcerative colitis during severe crisis due to its prognostic value. Another accepted indication for endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease is its use in the screening for dysplastic lesion. Conclusion: Ileocolonoscopy allows an accurate diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis in up to 90% of cases. The healing of the mucosa assessed by endoscopy after treatments despite not being consensus is still the gold-standard in the evaluation of remission of the disease. Colonoscopy is essential for long-term cancer surveillance and in the future the implementation of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy seems to be very promising in assessing the initial dysplasia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19970999
title: THE IMPORTANCE OF COLONOSCOPY IN INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Endoscopic evaluation, particularly the macroscopic mucosal and histological results of ileocolic biopsies, is essential for the management of inflammatory bowel disease. Endoscopic appearance is not always sufficient to differentiate Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, but there are some characteristics that favor one or another diagnosis. Both diseases have an increased incidence of colorectal carcinoma; so, surveillance colonoscopy is important for detecting early neoplastic lesions. Objective: To update the importance of endoscopy in the evaluation, diagnosis and prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease. Method: Search was done in the scientific literature of the TRIP database, chosen from clinical questions (PICO) with the following descriptors: “inflammatory bowel disease”, “endoscopy/colonoscopy”, “Crohn’s disease”, “ulcerative colitis” and “diagnosis/treatment”. Results: Endoscopic investigation in patients with chronic colitis is quite accurate for the differential diagnosis between ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Endoscopy is indicated for ulcerative colitis during severe crisis due to its prognostic value. Another accepted indication for endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease is its use in the screening for dysplastic lesion. Conclusion: Ileocolonoscopy allows an accurate diagnosis of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis in up to 90% of cases. The healing of the mucosa assessed by endoscopy after treatments despite not being consensus is still the gold-standard in the evaluation of remission of the disease. Colonoscopy is essential for long-term cancer surveillance and in the future the implementation of Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy seems to be very promising in assessing the initial dysplasia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.18140569
title: Three-dimensional soliton-like distortions in flexoelectric nematic liquid crystals: modelling and linear analysis

description: This article models experimentally observed three-dimensional particle-like waves that develop in nematic liquid crystals, with negative dielectric and conductive anisotropy, when subject to an applied alternating electric field. The liquid crystal is confined in a thin region between two plates, perpendicular to the applied field. The horizontal, uniformly aligned director field is at equilibrium due to the negative anisotropy of the media. However, such a state is unstable to perturbations that manifest themselves as confined, bullet-like, director distortions travelling up and down the sample at a speed of several hundred microns per second. It is experimentally predicted that flexoelectricity plays a key role in generating the soliton-like behaviour. We develop a variational model that accounts for ansiostropic dielectric, conductive, flexolectric, elastic and viscous forces. We perform a stability analysis of the uniformly aligned equilibrium state to determine the threshold wave numbers, size, phase-shift and speed of the soliton-like disturbance. We show that the model predictions are in very good agreement with the experimentally measured values. The work models and analyzes a three-dimensional soliton-like instability reported, for the first time in flexoelectric liquid crystals, pointing towards a potential application as a new type of nanotransport device.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.18140569.v1
title: Three-dimensional soliton-like distortions in flexoelectric nematic liquid crystals: modelling and linear analysis

description: This article models experimentally observed three-dimensional particle-like waves that develop in nematic liquid crystals, with negative dielectric and conductive anisotropy, when subject to an applied alternating electric field. The liquid crystal is confined in a thin region between two plates, perpendicular to the applied field. The horizontal, uniformly aligned director field is at equilibrium due to the negative anisotropy of the media. However, such a state is unstable to perturbations that manifest themselves as confined, bullet-like, director distortions travelling up and down the sample at a speed of several hundred microns per second. It is experimentally predicted that flexoelectricity plays a key role in generating the soliton-like behaviour. We develop a variational model that accounts for ansiostropic dielectric, conductive, flexolectric, elastic and viscous forces. We perform a stability analysis of the uniformly aligned equilibrium state to determine the threshold wave numbers, size, phase-shift and speed of the soliton-like disturbance. We show that the model predictions are in very good agreement with the experimentally measured values. The work models and analyzes a three-dimensional soliton-like instability reported, for the first time in flexoelectric liquid crystals, pointing towards a potential application as a new type of nanotransport device.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17206973
title: Combining responsiveness and durability in liquid crystal-functionalised electrospun fibres with crosslinked sheath

description: Responsive functional composite fibre mats that are mechanically stable and impervious to water exposure are produced by coaxial electrospinning of thermotropic liquid crystal (LC) core inside a water-based solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) forming the sheath. Because thermotropic LCs usually cannot be spun inside water-based solutions due to excessive interfacial tension γ, a n enabling step is the addition of ethanol or dioxane to the LC as a co-solvent compatible with both core and sheath fluids. This reduces γ sufficiently that coaxial jet spinning is possible. After spinning, thermal cross-linking of the PVA+PAA sheath yields LC-functionalised fibres that can be manipulated by hand and remain intact even upon full immersion in water. The LC core retains its behaviour, nematics showing well-aligned birefringence and transitioning to isotropic upon heating above the clearing point, and cholesterics showing selective reflection which is even enhanced upon water immersion due to the removal of sheath scattering. Our results pave the way to producing LC-functionalised responsive fibre mats using durable polymer sheaths, thereby enabling numerous innovative applications in wearable technology, and they also open new opportunities to study LCs in confinement, without visible impact of the container walls.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.17206973.v1
title: Combining responsiveness and durability in liquid crystal-functionalised electrospun fibres with crosslinked sheath

description: Responsive functional composite fibre mats that are mechanically stable and impervious to water exposure are produced by coaxial electrospinning of thermotropic liquid crystal (LC) core inside a water-based solution of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) forming the sheath. Because thermotropic LCs usually cannot be spun inside water-based solutions due to excessive interfacial tension γ, a n enabling step is the addition of ethanol or dioxane to the LC as a co-solvent compatible with both core and sheath fluids. This reduces γ sufficiently that coaxial jet spinning is possible. After spinning, thermal cross-linking of the PVA+PAA sheath yields LC-functionalised fibres that can be manipulated by hand and remain intact even upon full immersion in water. The LC core retains its behaviour, nematics showing well-aligned birefringence and transitioning to isotropic upon heating above the clearing point, and cholesterics showing selective reflection which is even enhanced upon water immersion due to the removal of sheath scattering. Our results pave the way to producing LC-functionalised responsive fibre mats using durable polymer sheaths, thereby enabling numerous innovative applications in wearable technology, and they also open new opportunities to study LCs in confinement, without visible impact of the container walls.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992234
title: ACTIVITY OF ORBIGNYA PHALERATA AND EUTERPE EDULES IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER IN RATS

description: ABSTRACT Background: Peptic ulcer is considered a public health problem associated with loss of quality of life. Does not exist optimal therapeutic regimen. The search for alternative treatments using foods or plants that may assist in gastric protection may become marked in this population because of their easy access and low cost. Aim: To study the antiulcerogenic activity of extracts of Orbignya phalerata (babaçu) and Euterpe edules (juçara) in Wistar rats after induction of peptic ulcer, compared with Omeprazole. Method: Forty Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: group I, II, III, IV (10 rats each) subjected to extract of Orbignya phalerata, Euterpe edules, Omeprazole and ethanol, respectively. Each group of 10 rats was divided into subgroups of five for prophylaxis and therapeutic study. Results: The pre-treatment with juçara extract has provided a significant protection against peptic ulcer induced by ethanol. In the prophylactic subgroup, Omeprazole resulted in protection. In addition to protection against peptic ulcer, inflammation and neocapillarization were also variables with a statistical significance in the prophylaxis subgroups using omeprazole and juçara. In the therapeutic subgroup, omeprazole, juçara and babaçu were statistically different as for protection against the presence of inflammation and the healing of ulcers. Conclusion: The extracts of juçara and babaçu behaved as the omeprazole, evidencing the therapeutic activity of these extracts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6992234.v1
title: ACTIVITY OF ORBIGNYA PHALERATA AND EUTERPE EDULES IN THE PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER IN RATS

description: ABSTRACT Background: Peptic ulcer is considered a public health problem associated with loss of quality of life. Does not exist optimal therapeutic regimen. The search for alternative treatments using foods or plants that may assist in gastric protection may become marked in this population because of their easy access and low cost. Aim: To study the antiulcerogenic activity of extracts of Orbignya phalerata (babaçu) and Euterpe edules (juçara) in Wistar rats after induction of peptic ulcer, compared with Omeprazole. Method: Forty Wistar rats were distributed into four groups: group I, II, III, IV (10 rats each) subjected to extract of Orbignya phalerata, Euterpe edules, Omeprazole and ethanol, respectively. Each group of 10 rats was divided into subgroups of five for prophylaxis and therapeutic study. Results: The pre-treatment with juçara extract has provided a significant protection against peptic ulcer induced by ethanol. In the prophylactic subgroup, Omeprazole resulted in protection. In addition to protection against peptic ulcer, inflammation and neocapillarization were also variables with a statistical significance in the prophylaxis subgroups using omeprazole and juçara. In the therapeutic subgroup, omeprazole, juçara and babaçu were statistically different as for protection against the presence of inflammation and the healing of ulcers. Conclusion: The extracts of juçara and babaçu behaved as the omeprazole, evidencing the therapeutic activity of these extracts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7452629
title: THE ROLE OF SERUM CK-18, MMP-9 AND TIPM-1 LEVELS IN PREDICTING R0 RESECTION IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC CANCER

description: ABSTRACT Background: Gastric cancer is the 3rd most common cause of death in men and the 5th common in women worldwide. Today, surgery is the only curative therapy. Currently available advanced imaging modalities can predict R0 resection in most patients, but it can only be detected with certainty in the perioperative period. Aim: To determine the role of serum CK18, MMP9, TIMP1 levels in predicting R0 resection in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Fifty consecutive patients scheduled for curative surgery with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed between 2013-2015 were included. One ml of blood was taken from the patients to analyze CK18, MMP9 and TIMP1. Results: CK18, MMP9 and TIMP1 levels were positively correlated with pathological N and the stage (p&lt;0,05). CK-18, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 averages in positive clinical lymph nodes and in clinical stage 3, were found to be higher than the averages of those with negative clinical lymph nodes and in clinical stage 2 (p&lt;0,05). Conclusion: Although serum CK-18, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 preoperatively measured in patients scheduled for curative surgery did not help to evaluate gastric tumor resectability, they were usefull in predicting N3-stage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7452629.v1
title: THE ROLE OF SERUM CK-18, MMP-9 AND TIPM-1 LEVELS IN PREDICTING R0 RESECTION IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC CANCER

description: ABSTRACT Background: Gastric cancer is the 3rd most common cause of death in men and the 5th common in women worldwide. Today, surgery is the only curative therapy. Currently available advanced imaging modalities can predict R0 resection in most patients, but it can only be detected with certainty in the perioperative period. Aim: To determine the role of serum CK18, MMP9, TIMP1 levels in predicting R0 resection in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: Fifty consecutive patients scheduled for curative surgery with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed between 2013-2015 were included. One ml of blood was taken from the patients to analyze CK18, MMP9 and TIMP1. Results: CK18, MMP9 and TIMP1 levels were positively correlated with pathological N and the stage (p&lt;0,05). CK-18, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 averages in positive clinical lymph nodes and in clinical stage 3, were found to be higher than the averages of those with negative clinical lymph nodes and in clinical stage 2 (p&lt;0,05). Conclusion: Although serum CK-18, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 preoperatively measured in patients scheduled for curative surgery did not help to evaluate gastric tumor resectability, they were usefull in predicting N3-stage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7452464
title: IMPACT OF BARIATRIC SURGERY ON THE INFLAMMATORY STATE BASED ON CPR VALUE

description: ABSTRACT Background: PCR (C-reactive protein), produced in the liver after stimuli of inflammatory mediators, is determined as a marker of inflammatory activity (adipocytokines) and is present within adipocyte cells; besides being an inflammatory product, many studies have shown to be a predictor of complications. Aim: To determine if the inflammatory state of the obese patient decreases after bariatric surgery, based on pre and post-operative PCR. Methods: A prospective, observational study in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass surgery followed up for three months after surgery, with serum preoperative CRP in 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. Results: A total of 19 patients, who had a mean CRP value before the surgical procedure of 0.80(±0.54) mg/dl, were followed, and when compared to the CRP with 30 days of surgery, they presented a significant increase to 2.68 mg/dl (p=0.012). When compared with the PCR of 60 days after the surgical procedure, it was also higher with the value of 3.32 mg/dl (p=0.27). However, at three months after surgery, the CRP showed a decrease when compared to the preoperative mark, with value of 0.45 mg/dl (p=0.0042). Conclusion: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was able to decrease the chronic inflammation status of these patients, based on the value of CRP, with three months of surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7452464.v1
title: IMPACT OF BARIATRIC SURGERY ON THE INFLAMMATORY STATE BASED ON CPR VALUE

description: ABSTRACT Background: PCR (C-reactive protein), produced in the liver after stimuli of inflammatory mediators, is determined as a marker of inflammatory activity (adipocytokines) and is present within adipocyte cells; besides being an inflammatory product, many studies have shown to be a predictor of complications. Aim: To determine if the inflammatory state of the obese patient decreases after bariatric surgery, based on pre and post-operative PCR. Methods: A prospective, observational study in patients undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass surgery followed up for three months after surgery, with serum preoperative CRP in 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. Results: A total of 19 patients, who had a mean CRP value before the surgical procedure of 0.80(±0.54) mg/dl, were followed, and when compared to the CRP with 30 days of surgery, they presented a significant increase to 2.68 mg/dl (p=0.012). When compared with the PCR of 60 days after the surgical procedure, it was also higher with the value of 3.32 mg/dl (p=0.27). However, at three months after surgery, the CRP showed a decrease when compared to the preoperative mark, with value of 0.45 mg/dl (p=0.0042). Conclusion: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass was able to decrease the chronic inflammation status of these patients, based on the value of CRP, with three months of surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7452614
title: LATE IMPACT OF THE LAPAROSCOPIC TREATMENT OF DEEP INFILTRATING ENDOMETRIOSIS WITH SEGMENTAL COLORECTAL RESECTION

description: ABSTRACT Background: Deep infiltrating colorectal endometriosis may severely affect the quality of life and fertility of patients. Although segmental resection is a therapeutic option that provides positive outcomes in the management of symptoms, its functional effects are still unproven. Aim: Assess the late impact of the laparoscopic approach in treating deep infiltrating endometriosis with segmental colorectal resection. Methods: Prospective case series of 46 patients submitted to laparoscopic treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosis with segmental colorectal resection between 2013 and 2016. Fertility, gynecological and bowel symptoms were assessed at the preoperative period and at three and 12 months (or more) after the procedure. Results: Preoperative interview assessed the prevalence of infertility (45.6%), gynecological (87%) and intestinal (80.4%) symptoms. At the third month after the procedure a significant reduction in the prevalence of gynecological symptoms (p&lt;0,001), tenesmus (p=0,001) and dysquesia (p=0,002) was observed. After a period of 12 months or more following the procedure a significant reduction in the prevalence persisted for dysmenorrhea (p=0,001), deep dyspareunia (p=0,041), chronic pelvic pain (p=0,011) and dysquesia (p=0,001), as compared to the preoperative period. Total pregnancy rate was 57.1% and spontaneous pregnancy 47.6%. Conclusion: The treatment of deep infiltrating endometriosis using segmental colorectal resection has provided early and late relief of gynecological and bowel symptoms. The outcomes also indicate a positive impact on the fertility of infertile patients.