DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18292099
title: High-Impact Precipitation Events in the European Alps (1961–2022)

description: High-Impact Precipitation Events in the European Alps (1961–2022)

This repository contains the datasets generated in the analysis of High-Impact Precipitation Events (HIPEs) in the European Alps (1961–2022). The dataset is based on the Alpine Combined Precipitation Dataset (ACPD) (also generated in this work) and includes both single-day and multi-day event rankings, enriched event metadata (.csv), and gridded spatial products (.rds) over the Alpine Convention area. In version 2, "ACDP_HIPEs_Alps_1961-2022_enriched.csv" was replaced by "ACPD_HIPEs_Ranking_1961-2022_multiday_enriched.csv" because of an issue in Flood, River_flood and Flash_flood columns.

1. ACPD_HIPEs_Ranking_1961-2022_multiday_enriched.csv

Enriched list of multi-day HIPEs with event-level metadata.

Variables:





Event: unique event identifier




A: affected area (fraction of the Alpine Convention area)




m: averaged magnitude (exceedence over the threshold)




m_log: log-transformed averaged magnitude




M: overal magnitude (A*m_log)




Start_date: event start date




End_date: event end date




Duration: event length in days




WT: sequence of associated Weather Types (abbreviated codes)




Flood: indicator (0/1) of flood occurrence




River_flood: indicator (0/1) of riverine flood occurrence




Flash_flood: indicator (0/1) of flash flood occurrence




Fatalities_Fl: number of reported fatalities




NUTS_ID: NUTS3 regional codes of affected areas




CNTR_CODE: ISO country codes (IT, FR, CH, AT, SI, …)



2. ACPD_HIPE_Ranking_1961-2022.csv

Ranking of single-day HIPEs.

Variables:





time: date (YYYY-MM-DD)




A: affected area (fraction of Alpine domain)




m: averaged magnitude (exceedence over the threshold)




m_log: log-transformed averaged magnitude




M: overal magnitude (A*m_log)



3. ACPD_HIPE_Ranking_1961-2022_multiday.csv

Ranking of multi-day HIPEs (consecutive HIPE days are concatenated into a same event. Same as 1).

Variables:





Event: unique identifier




A: affected area







m: averaged magnitude (exceedence over the threshold)




m_log: log-transformed averaged magnitude




M: overal magnitude (A*m_log)




Start_date: start date




End_date: end date




Duration: number of consecutive days



4. ACPD_HIPE_Ranking_1961-2022_gridded.rds

RDS object containing the gridded representation of single-day HIPEs over the Alpine Convention domain.





time: date (YYYY-MM-DD)




lat: grid cell latitude (°N)




lon: grid cell longitude (°E)




P_H: precipitation at the grid cell for the individual HIPE (mm)




A: affected area (same event-level value as in the single-day ranking CSV, not spatialized)




m: event severity (accumulated precipitation, mm; same value as in CSV, not spatialized)




m_log: log-transformed severity (same as CSV, not spatialized)




M: combined magnitude index (same as CSV, not spatialized)




facet_var: auxiliary variable for faceting/grouping in visualizations



Note: Only P_H is a spatially explicit variable (grid cell precipitation). Other variables (A, m, m_log, M) are event-level descriptors replicated across the Alps.

 

5. ACPD_HIPE_Ranking_1961-2022_multiday_gridded.rds

RDS object containing the gridded representation of multi-day HIPEs over the Alpine Convention domain.





Event: Event identifier




lat: grid cell latitude (°N)




lon: grid cell longitude (°E)




P_H: precipitation at the grid cell for the individual HIPE (mm)


Start_date: starting event date

End_date: ending event date



M: combined magnitude index (same as CSV, not spatialized)




facet_var: auxiliary variable for faceting/grouping in visualizations



Note: Only P_H is a spatially explicit variable (grid cell precipitation). Other variables (A, m, m_log, M) are event-level descriptors replicated across the Alps.

6. ACPD_HIPE_Ranking_threshold_nevents_1961-2022_gridded.rds

RDS object with the thresholds used for HIPE detection (per grid cell), together with the total number of (single-day) events detected at each location.



lon: grid cell longitude (°E)



lat: grid cell latitude (°N)




Thr: Precipitation threshold at the grid cell level used to determine a HIPE


Events: Number of days over the threshold