DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sf7m0cgkr
title: Sexual selection in wild populations of seed bugs: the role of size in pre-copulatory mate choice by females and males

description: This dataset link comprises all data, R scripts, and raw data for the
 research paper titled 'Sexual selection in wild populations of seed
 bugs: the role of size in pre-copulatory mate choice by females and
 males'. It contains data spreadsheets and R scripts for both
 Spilostethus pandurus and Lygaeus creticus, the raw photos taken and used
 to obtain the size measurements, and a READ.ME file
description: # Sexual selection in wild populations of seed bugs: the role of size in
 pre-copulatory mate choice by females and males Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.sf7m0cgkr](10.5061/dryad.sf7m0cgkr) ## Description of the
 data and file structure This README file is for all the data related to
 the research paper ‘Sexual selection in wild populations of seed bugs: the
 role of size in pre-copulatory mate choice by females and males’. Authors:
 Ophelia S Fritsch and David M Shuker In this study, we sampled mating and
 non-mating individuals of both *Spilostethus pandurus* and *Lygaeus
 creticus* in Sicily, directly in their habitat. We then measured them for
 three body size measurements and compared these between mated individuals
 and individuals found not mating to see patterns of non-random mating in
 regard to body size. Throughout the R scripts and in document titles, the
 names ‘Spilo’ or ‘spilo’ are short for Spilostethus pandurus and
 ‘Creticus’ or ‘creticus’ are short for Lygaeus creticus. ## Files and
 variables Spreadsheets can be found in the folder 'Spreadsheets'
 under the zip file 'Spreadsheets.zip'. Seven data spreadsheets
 are provided: First, the spreadsheets titled ‘**spilo.field.dataset.csv**’
 and ‘**creticus.field.dataset.csv**’ are the two raw datasets with the
 original variables, and are the ones used to do the analyses (see R
 scripts for each species). Second, the ones titled
 ‘**Spilostethus_pandurus_wild_caught_final_dataset.csv**’ and
 ‘**Lygaeus_creticus_wild_caught_final_dataset.csv**’ are the final
 datasets, which include all new variables created during the analysis,
 including the principal component individual scores. Thirdly, the
 spreadsheet titled '**Spilo_field_repeatability_measures.csv**'
 is the dataset with the morphological measures from 32 individuals, which
 were re-measured to test the repeatability using the Intra Class
 Correlation Coefficients. And finally, the two spreadsheets titled
 '**Spilo_photo_IDs_individual_IDs_and_measurements.csv**' and
 '**Creticus_photo_IDs_individual_IDs_and_measurements.csv**'
 contain data linking the raw photo IDs to the individual IDs and the dates
 the photos were taken. ## Brief description of variables used in the seven
 spreadsheets: date – date the individuals were measured individual_ID –
 Individual identification, which was given pseudo-randomly sex –
 individual sex body_length – measure of body length in millimetres (mm)
 thorax_width – measure of thorax width in millimetres (mm) abdomen_width –
 measure of abdomen width in millimetres (mm) pair_ID – pair identification
 for individuals that mated status – status at the time of collection
 (collected mating or collected not mating) collected_mating_Y_N – status
 at collection with Y (Yes) = 1 and N (No) = 0 body_length_sq – value of
 body length measure multiplied by itself (squared) thorax_width_sq – value
 of thorax width measure multiplied by itself (squared) abdomen_width_sq –
 value of abdomen width measure multiplied by itself (squared)
 PC1_times_minus_1 – Individual scores for principal component 1, which had
 opposite signs PC2 – individual scores for principal component 2 PC3 -
 individual scores for principal component 3 PC1 - individual scores for
 principal component 1 with the correct sign – used for analysis PC_and_4 –
 individual scored for principal component 1 with the value 4 added
 PC_and_4sq – the above multiplied by itself (squared) vstd_body_length –
 variance standardised measure of body length (scaled) vstd_thorax_width -
 variance standardised measure of thorax width (scaled) vstd_adbomen_width
 - variance standardised measure of abdomen width (scaled)
 vstd_body_length_sq – variance standardised measure of body length squared
 vstd_thorax_width_sq - variance standardised measure of thorax width
 squared vstd_abdomen_width_sq - variance standardised measure of abdomen
 width squared PC1_sq – individual score for principal component 1 squared
 BL_1 - body length measures from the original dataset TW_1 - thorax width
 measures from the original dataset AW_1 - abdomen width measures from the
 original dataset BL_2 - body length re-measurements for repeatability TW_2
 - thorax width re-measurements for repeatability AW_2 - abdomen width
 re-measurements for repeatability date_photo_taken - the date the photo
 was taken photo_ID - the name of each raw photograph measure_type - brief
 description of the body size measure type measure_mm - the body size
 measures in one column as the Image J output Notes or notes - this
 variable describes the reason behind why body size measurements are
 missing for each individual. Only individuals where an error occurred
 during photography or if they flew away will have a note in this column.
 The others are not relevant, hence left blank (see below).  ### NA s and
 blanks explained In the variables containing body size measures, 
 'NA' s represent 'not available'/ missing data due to
 errors during photography - either the ventral side of the bug was
 forgotten to be photographed or the bug flew away before being
 photographed - which information is available in the notes variable in
 the ‘**Spilostethus_pandurus_wild_caught_final_dataset.csv**’ and
 ‘**Lygaeus_creticus_wild_caught_final_dataset.csv**’ final datasets. In
 other variables such as 'pair_ID', NA s represent 'not
 applicable' as these individuals were not paired. In the notes
 variable, blank rows represent 'not relevant' hence left blank. 
 ### Raw data: All raw photographs are provided in the folder named
 'Raw_Data_Photos' under the zip file
 'Raw_Data_Photos.zip' . Within this folder, the photos are
 organised in several other folders. First, they separated by species
 'Spilostethus' and 'Creticus', and then by the date
 the photos were taken, such as '11-05-24 Spilo' or
 '31-05-24 Creticus'. ## Code/software To view and extract data
 from the the .arw images (raw images), the plugin Mica Toolbox in Image J
 software can be used, as well as Image J by itself by selecting import ARW
 image. Alternatively, to view the images only, RawTherapee, GIMP with a
 RawTherapee plugin can also be used. R- Scripts for the data analyses can
 be found in in the folder 'R_Scripts' in the zip file
 'R_Scripts.zip'. All scripts were produced in R-Studio 2024
 version 4.3.3 (R Core Team, 2024) The three scripts provided are as
 follow: ‘Spilo R analyses for manuscript’ for *S. pandurus* data analyses,
 ‘Creticus R analyses for manuscript’ for *L. creticus* data analyses and
 'Spilo_field_repeatability' for the body size measures
 repeatability analysis.  ## Access information Other publicly accessible
 locations of the data, excluding the raw photos: *
 **[https://doi.org/10.17630/09878f60-1a55-4042-bb20-f89d6f4c9a09](https://doi.org/10.17630/09878f60-1a55-4042-bb20-f89d6f4c9a09)**