DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14346800
title: Theory 1 extension

description: The Quantum-Electromagnetic Source of Gravity: A Theoretical Framework

 

Michael Becker

 

Abstract

 

This paper proposes a theory attributing gravity to atomic interactions, with an emphasis on electromagnetic processes and density as the primary contributors. The theory posits that gravitational phenomena emerge as a byproduct of electromagnetic interactions within and between atoms. As matter increases in density, electromagnetic activity plays a diminishing role in the total energy output, facilitating the dominance of gravity. By examining the lifecycle of stars and the balance between electromagnetic radiation and gravitational forces, this theory seeks to explain macroscopic gravitational behavior through fundamental atomic processes.

 

Introduction

 

Traditional theories of gravity, such as those outlined by Einstein’s General Relativity, describe it as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. While immensely successful in explaining phenomena like planetary orbits and black holes, these theories do not account for the underlying quantum mechanisms that generate gravity. This paper explores the hypothesis that gravity emerges from atomic interactions, particularly those involving electromagnetic forces, modulated by density and mass.

 

The Role of Density in Gravity

 

Density is a central variable in this theory, acting as a mediator between mass and electromagnetic interactions. Higher density corresponds to a more concentrated arrangement of atomic nuclei, reducing the prominence of electromagnetic forces while amplifying gravitational effects.

 

For example, stars evolve through stages where density significantly increases, such as during their collapse into neutron stars or black holes. This suggests a progressive “conversion” of electromagnetic activity into gravitational dominance as density intensifies.

 

Electromagnetic Interactions and Gravity

 

The theory asserts that atomic interactions, particularly those driven by electromagnetic forces, produce gravity as a byproduct. The gravitational pull of a macroscopic object is therefore a cumulative effect of the atomic interactions within it.

 • Electromagnetic-Gravitational Tradeoff: Over time, as stars age and density increases, their electromagnetic output decreases relative to their gravitational influence. This aligns with observations of stellar evolution, where the collapse of stars into neutron stars or black holes results in near-total dominance of gravitational forces.

 

Applications to Black Holes

 

Black holes represent an extreme case of this theory, where density approaches infinity and electromagnetic activity is nearly or completely absent. If gravity is the residual product of electromagnetic interactions, black holes may signify the point where all atomic electromagnetic interactions have been stripped, leaving behind a pure gravitational entity.

 

Theoretical Predictions and Testing

 

This theory makes several predictions:

 1. Gravitational Variability in High-Density Materials: Superconducting materials or highly dense atomic configurations should exhibit slight variations in gravitational pull compared to less dense counterparts, even with identical mass.

2. Electromagnetic-Gravitational Correlation: The ratio of electromagnetic activity to gravitational force should vary predictably with density and atomic number.

 

Thought Experiment: Gravity Within Atoms

 

Consider cutting a macroscopic object in half repeatedly until reaching the atomic level. Where does gravity originate within a single atom? The theory predicts that atomic gravity results from the cumulative effect of electromagnetic interactions within subatomic particles, modulated by the atom’s density and atomic number.

 

Expansion of the Universe

 

The theory also offers a speculative explanation for the universe’s expansion. Just as atoms within a star “fight” for balance between electromagnetic and gravitational forces, the universe itself may be “balancing” its energy distribution, spreading matter to achieve equilibrium.

 

Comparison to Existing Theories

 

This theory diverges from Einstein’s General Relativity by incorporating density and atomic interactions as the source of gravity, rather than treating gravity purely as spacetime curvature. It also differs from recent emergent gravity theories by explicitly linking gravity to electromagnetic processes and density at the quantum level.

 

Conclusion

 

This framework redefines gravity as an emergent property of atomic interactions, heavily influenced by density and electromagnetic forces. By bridging the gap between quantum mechanics and classical physics, it offers a novel perspective on gravitational phenomena and provides testable predictions for future experimentation.