cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677236.v1
title: Characterization of coal briquettes using tar as a binding material for use in a coke oven

description: Abstract In order to increase competitiveness in the steel industry through reduction of the cost of coal mixtures and increase in the quality productivity of coke in the oven, this research was developed with the aim of increasing the bulk density through briquetting of low power coking coal using tar as a binding material. Initially an industrial scale double roller press was used to manufacture briquettes in the ellipsoid format. The physical properties of the briquettes were analyzed in relation to variation of the amount of tar and the curing time of briquettes. Through the process of coal briquetting using low amounts of tar, it is possible to obtain a fuel of greater density, greater use of soft coals, uniform granulometry and easy handling. The increase in the apparent density of coal through briquetting may reach 42.5%. The success achieved in these tests, through these briquettes, with good chemical and physical characteristics represents ease of production as well as economic gain and low investment when compared to other processes of charge densification in coke ovens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677524
title: Development and application of a flexible numerical model to evaluate the safety of room-and-pillar mines

description: Abstract The design of room-and-pillar mines relies on the correct estimation of the safety indicator of the underground structures formed by the excavation of drifts. Thus, the study of the geomechanical behavior is of vital importance. The mathematical models play an important role in the identification of problematic areas and allows different configurations to be tested in a safe manner. This article presents the development and application of a flexible and automatic routine to quantify the safety of room-and-pillar mines in terms of the safety factor of pillar and room convergence. The commercial software package FLAC3D was used to implement a computation routine in FISH language that can automatically represent the main characteristics of the geomechanical conditions, lithology and geometric features of a room-and-pillar project in a fast and accurate manner. A case study was performed on a manganese ore mine in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed routine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677524.v1
title: Development and application of a flexible numerical model to evaluate the safety of room-and-pillar mines

description: Abstract The design of room-and-pillar mines relies on the correct estimation of the safety indicator of the underground structures formed by the excavation of drifts. Thus, the study of the geomechanical behavior is of vital importance. The mathematical models play an important role in the identification of problematic areas and allows different configurations to be tested in a safe manner. This article presents the development and application of a flexible and automatic routine to quantify the safety of room-and-pillar mines in terms of the safety factor of pillar and room convergence. The commercial software package FLAC3D was used to implement a computation routine in FISH language that can automatically represent the main characteristics of the geomechanical conditions, lithology and geometric features of a room-and-pillar project in a fast and accurate manner. A case study was performed on a manganese ore mine in order to demonstrate the capabilities of the developed routine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677851
title: Coupled numerical simulation of a tailings deposit by FEM

description: Abstract Researchers have found that a valuable alternative for predicting the mechanical behavior of landfill construction is numerical simulation based on the finite element method. The results of such a numerical simulation for a sandy tailings deposit from the iron mining coupling flow and deformation are presented herein. This study investigates the influence of the construction rate, drainage system, and anisotropy of permeability on the magnitude of pore pressures generated during the construction process. The study also presents the results from different analyses considering different constitutive models including elastic, nonlinear elastic and nonlinear elastoplastic. In obtaining the constitutive parameters, the numerical results highlight the importance of having a more detailed set of conventional triaxial compression tests. Also highlighted by the numerical results is the importance of having an efficient drainage system and the necessity of taking into account the water level variation in the hydro-mechanical behavior of numerical simulations of landfills that are hydraulically constructed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677851.v1
title: Coupled numerical simulation of a tailings deposit by FEM

description: Abstract Researchers have found that a valuable alternative for predicting the mechanical behavior of landfill construction is numerical simulation based on the finite element method. The results of such a numerical simulation for a sandy tailings deposit from the iron mining coupling flow and deformation are presented herein. This study investigates the influence of the construction rate, drainage system, and anisotropy of permeability on the magnitude of pore pressures generated during the construction process. The study also presents the results from different analyses considering different constitutive models including elastic, nonlinear elastic and nonlinear elastoplastic. In obtaining the constitutive parameters, the numerical results highlight the importance of having a more detailed set of conventional triaxial compression tests. Also highlighted by the numerical results is the importance of having an efficient drainage system and the necessity of taking into account the water level variation in the hydro-mechanical behavior of numerical simulations of landfills that are hydraulically constructed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677437
title: Using UAV for automatic lithological classification of open pit mining front

description: Abstract Mine planning is dependent on the natural lithologic features and on the definition of their limits. The geological model is constantly updated during the life of the mine, based on all the information collected so far, plus the knowledge developed from the exploration stage up to the mine closure. As the mine progresses, the amount of available data increases, as well as the experience of the geological modeller and mine planner who deliver the short, medium, and long-term plans. This classical approach can benefit from the automation of the geological mapping on the mining faces and outcrops, improving the speed of repetitious work and avoiding exposure to intrinsic dangers like mining equipment, falling rocks, high wall proximity, among others. The use of photogrammetry to keep up with surface mining activities boarded in UAVs is a reality and the automated lithological classification using machine learning techniques is a low-cost evolution that might present accuracies above 90% of the contact zones and lithologies based on the automated dense point cloud classification when compared to the manual (or reality) classified model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677242
title: Evaluation of an iron ore price forecast using a geometric Brownian motion model

description: Abstract Mining projects are often budgeted in millions of dollars, making it of interest to the investor to measure a project’s uncertainties and risks, which include the changes in the commodity price. The simulation of asset prices is valid because it enables displaying, with a degree of certainty, the future behavior of a financial asset. One of the most commonly used mathematical forecast models is the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) model. This article aims at simulating the forecast price of an iron ore commodity with the GBM method based on the historical price series and comparing it to other forecast approaches used in the financial market. The results of this study indicate that the model has limitations, which should be considered. However, it is an overall good tool to support the economic evaluation of a project, if performed along with other approaches.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677242.v1
title: Evaluation of an iron ore price forecast using a geometric Brownian motion model

description: Abstract Mining projects are often budgeted in millions of dollars, making it of interest to the investor to measure a project’s uncertainties and risks, which include the changes in the commodity price. The simulation of asset prices is valid because it enables displaying, with a degree of certainty, the future behavior of a financial asset. One of the most commonly used mathematical forecast models is the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) model. This article aims at simulating the forecast price of an iron ore commodity with the GBM method based on the historical price series and comparing it to other forecast approaches used in the financial market. The results of this study indicate that the model has limitations, which should be considered. However, it is an overall good tool to support the economic evaluation of a project, if performed along with other approaches.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677671
title: DNPM actions on the implementation of law 12.334/2010: from the ordinances and inspections to the SIGBM

description: Abstract As defined in PNSB - Law 12.334/2010 (Brasil, 2010), the DNPM, which manages the Brazilian mineral resources, is also responsible for overseeing the safety management of tailings dams in the country. The purpose of this article is to present the actions carried out in this context by the Department since the enactment of the Law in 2010, such as: elaboration of infra-legal regulatory instruments, training of civil servants, inspection actions throughout the country, seminars and lectures at mining companies and the organized civil society in general, among others, with the primary purpose of monitoring the implementation of the law instruments by mining companies, such as PSB and PAEBM, in order to avoid / mitigate accidents related to these structures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677671.v1
title: DNPM actions on the implementation of law 12.334/2010: from the ordinances and inspections to the SIGBM

description: Abstract As defined in PNSB - Law 12.334/2010 (Brasil, 2010), the DNPM, which manages the Brazilian mineral resources, is also responsible for overseeing the safety management of tailings dams in the country. The purpose of this article is to present the actions carried out in this context by the Department since the enactment of the Law in 2010, such as: elaboration of infra-legal regulatory instruments, training of civil servants, inspection actions throughout the country, seminars and lectures at mining companies and the organized civil society in general, among others, with the primary purpose of monitoring the implementation of the law instruments by mining companies, such as PSB and PAEBM, in order to avoid / mitigate accidents related to these structures.
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26rzcb
title: CCDC 2048832: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Hannah K. Wagner, Nils Ansmann, Timon Gentner, Hubert Wadepohl, Joachim Ballmann|2021|Organometallics|40|804|doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00052
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26rzdc
title: CCDC 2048833: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Hannah K. Wagner, Nils Ansmann, Timon Gentner, Hubert Wadepohl, Joachim Ballmann|2021|Organometallics|40|804|doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00052
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26rzfd
title: CCDC 2048834: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Hannah K. Wagner, Nils Ansmann, Timon Gentner, Hubert Wadepohl, Joachim Ballmann|2021|Organometallics|40|804|doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00052
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26rzgf
title: CCDC 2048835: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Hannah K. Wagner, Nils Ansmann, Timon Gentner, Hubert Wadepohl, Joachim Ballmann|2021|Organometallics|40|804|doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00052
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc26rzhg
title: CCDC 2048836: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Hannah K. Wagner, Nils Ansmann, Timon Gentner, Hubert Wadepohl, Joachim Ballmann|2021|Organometallics|40|804|doi:10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00052
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677533
title: The impact of haulroad geometric parameters on open pit mine strip ratio

description: Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the impact on the strip ratio (SR) through varying haul road geometric parameters in two types of deposits, namely one with a steeper dip and a second one with a more equidimensional horizontal behavior. The SRs and the overall slope angle were compared with a base scenario, where the results show an increase in the SR when: (a) the width of the haul roads was increased; (b) the longitudinal grade of the road was decreased; and (c) switchbacks were added. The increase in the longitudinal grade of 2% was considered the best-case scenario, resulting in 1.08% decrease in the SR for the horizontal deposit and in a 4.15% decrease for the vertical one. It was also noticed that the SR variations are inversely proportional to the overall slope angle variations, illustrating the important role that the geometric design of the haul roads has in the return on capital.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677533.v1
title: The impact of haulroad geometric parameters on open pit mine strip ratio

description: Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the impact on the strip ratio (SR) through varying haul road geometric parameters in two types of deposits, namely one with a steeper dip and a second one with a more equidimensional horizontal behavior. The SRs and the overall slope angle were compared with a base scenario, where the results show an increase in the SR when: (a) the width of the haul roads was increased; (b) the longitudinal grade of the road was decreased; and (c) switchbacks were added. The increase in the longitudinal grade of 2% was considered the best-case scenario, resulting in 1.08% decrease in the SR for the horizontal deposit and in a 4.15% decrease for the vertical one. It was also noticed that the SR variations are inversely proportional to the overall slope angle variations, illustrating the important role that the geometric design of the haul roads has in the return on capital.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7676798
title: Scenario reduction using machine learning techniques applied to conditional geostatistical simulation

description: Abstract One of the basic factors in mine operational optimization is knowledge regarding mineral deposit features, which allows to predict its behavior. This could be achieved by conditional geostatistical simulation, which allows to evaluate deposit variability (uncertainty band) and its impacts on project economics. However, a large number of realizations could be computationally expensive when applied in a transfer function. The transfer function that was used in this study was the NPV net present value. Hence, there arises a necessity to reduce the number of realizations obtained by conditional geostatistical simulation in order to make the process more dynamic and yet maintain the uncertainty band. This study made use of machine-learning techniques, such as multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis to reduce the number of realizations, based on the Euclidean distance between simulation grids. This approach was tested, generating 100 realizations by the sequential Gaussian simulation method in a database. Proving that similar uncertainty analysis results can be obtained from a smaller number of simulations previously selected by the methodology described in this study, when compared to all simulations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7676798.v1
title: Scenario reduction using machine learning techniques applied to conditional geostatistical simulation

description: Abstract One of the basic factors in mine operational optimization is knowledge regarding mineral deposit features, which allows to predict its behavior. This could be achieved by conditional geostatistical simulation, which allows to evaluate deposit variability (uncertainty band) and its impacts on project economics. However, a large number of realizations could be computationally expensive when applied in a transfer function. The transfer function that was used in this study was the NPV net present value. Hence, there arises a necessity to reduce the number of realizations obtained by conditional geostatistical simulation in order to make the process more dynamic and yet maintain the uncertainty band. This study made use of machine-learning techniques, such as multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis to reduce the number of realizations, based on the Euclidean distance between simulation grids. This approach was tested, generating 100 realizations by the sequential Gaussian simulation method in a database. Proving that similar uncertainty analysis results can be obtained from a smaller number of simulations previously selected by the methodology described in this study, when compared to all simulations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677677
title: Mine closure in Ouro Preto: the remnants of the 18th century gold rush and the tourism as an economic opportunity

description: Abstract Mine closure is the set of all activities that follow the end of the productive phase of a mine, characterizing itself as the process of returning an area transformed by mining into a new condition of sustainability, considering the potential future and the best possible reclamation of the area impacted. However, such an understanding was not conceivable during the Colonial Period, a time when gold mining took place in the Ouro Preto Hill, among others, and nearly 200 years after the end of the gold rush, negative and positive impacts are revealed by the human interaction and the urban occupation on those mined areas. Through both geographic information data of eighteenth-century mining traces and a socioeconomic study involving six tourist gold mines, this article describes how overcoming paradigms involving underground mines have resulted in business opportunities, setting a success example of Mine Closure and future use of the area, showing an alternative way to handle the current abandoned mines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677677.v1
title: Mine closure in Ouro Preto: the remnants of the 18th century gold rush and the tourism as an economic opportunity

description: Abstract Mine closure is the set of all activities that follow the end of the productive phase of a mine, characterizing itself as the process of returning an area transformed by mining into a new condition of sustainability, considering the potential future and the best possible reclamation of the area impacted. However, such an understanding was not conceivable during the Colonial Period, a time when gold mining took place in the Ouro Preto Hill, among others, and nearly 200 years after the end of the gold rush, negative and positive impacts are revealed by the human interaction and the urban occupation on those mined areas. Through both geographic information data of eighteenth-century mining traces and a socioeconomic study involving six tourist gold mines, this article describes how overcoming paradigms involving underground mines have resulted in business opportunities, setting a success example of Mine Closure and future use of the area, showing an alternative way to handle the current abandoned mines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7898891
title: A Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model for predicting the clean rock joints shear strength

description: Abstract It is well known that learning about the mechanical behavior of a fractured rock mass depends on the shear behavior of its discontinuities. Several studies have shown that the shear behavior of unfilled rock discontinuities depends on their boundary conditions, roughness characteristics and the properties of the joints walls. Currently, there are several analytical models that can be used to predict the shear behavior of clean rock joints. However, they are all purely deterministic in nature because their input variables are defined without considering the uncertainties inherent in the formative process of the rock mass and the discontinuity itself, i.e., they need an auxiliary tool to consider the variability of their parameters such as the Monte Carlo or Point Estimation Methods. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to present a model to predict the shear strength of clean rock joints incorporating uncertainties in the variables that govern their shear behavior with a zero-order Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy controller. The model is developed based on the results of 44 direct shear tests carried out on different joints. The model input variables are the normal boundary stiffness and initial normal stress acting on the joint, its roughness expressed by the JRC value, the uniaxial compressive strength and basic friction angle of the intact rock, as well as the shear displacement imposed on the joint. The results showed that the predicted shear strength of clean rock joints obtained by the fuzzy model fit the experimental data satisfactorily and helped define the shear behavior of the discontinuity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7898891.v1
title: A Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy model for predicting the clean rock joints shear strength

description: Abstract It is well known that learning about the mechanical behavior of a fractured rock mass depends on the shear behavior of its discontinuities. Several studies have shown that the shear behavior of unfilled rock discontinuities depends on their boundary conditions, roughness characteristics and the properties of the joints walls. Currently, there are several analytical models that can be used to predict the shear behavior of clean rock joints. However, they are all purely deterministic in nature because their input variables are defined without considering the uncertainties inherent in the formative process of the rock mass and the discontinuity itself, i.e., they need an auxiliary tool to consider the variability of their parameters such as the Monte Carlo or Point Estimation Methods. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to present a model to predict the shear strength of clean rock joints incorporating uncertainties in the variables that govern their shear behavior with a zero-order Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy controller. The model is developed based on the results of 44 direct shear tests carried out on different joints. The model input variables are the normal boundary stiffness and initial normal stress acting on the joint, its roughness expressed by the JRC value, the uniaxial compressive strength and basic friction angle of the intact rock, as well as the shear displacement imposed on the joint. The results showed that the predicted shear strength of clean rock joints obtained by the fuzzy model fit the experimental data satisfactorily and helped define the shear behavior of the discontinuity.