cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986408.v1
title: Grafting polypropylene over hollow glass microspheres by reactive extrusion

description: Abstract Hollow glass microspheres HGM are light, round, hollow, hydrophilic microspheres used to produce polyolefin composites with reduced density. To maintain mechanical strength, it is necessary to improve the adhesion between the polymer matrix and the microspheres, which is done by a compatibilizer. For polypropylene composites a maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene copolymer PP-g-MAH is employed. The melt mixing is done in a reactive extrusion when the maleic group of the compatibilizer reacts with hydroxyl groups present at the microspheres’ surface, grafting a long PP chain. The aim of this work is to quantify the esterification grafting conversion and its efficiency during the reactive extrusion to the formation of PP/HGM composites compatibilized with PP-g-MAH. Techniques like TGA, FTIR and SEM were used to quantify the grafted PP content formed and the efficiency of the esterification reaction, which is mainly dependent of the compatibilizer concentration and reactive extrusion temperature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986399.v1
title: TRACKING OF CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS FROM CHILDHOOD TO EARLY ADOLESCENCE: MODERATION EFFECT OF SOMATIC MATURATION

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness’ tracking from childhood to adolescence, as well as to test the moderation role of somatic maturation. Methods: Our sample was composed by 375 children (197 boys), with a baseline age between 7 and 10 years old. The children were followed-up over three years. Body mass and stature were measured as anthropometric indicators and were used to estimate maturity status through Moore’s method. Cardiorespiratory fitness was evaluated through 9-minute running test. Body adiposity was estimated through the subcutaneous skinfold method, with measures of triceps and subscapular skinfolds and used as a covariate. Sample was categorized into tertiles. Thereafter, the Kappa (k) coefficient and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC) tests were adopted to verify stability. Dummy variable in regression was used to test moderation effects. All analyses were conducted in Stata 14.0, adopting p&lt;0.05. Results: Cardiorespiratory fitness presented a moderate to low tracking from childhood to adolescence (k=0.294; LCCC=0.458). Moreover, maturity status significantly moderated the association between cardiorespiratory fitness at childhood and adolescence (regardless of cohort and body adiposity) among boys (β=0.644; p=0.003) and role sample (β=0.184; p=0.020), but not girls (-0.217; p=0.413). Conclusions: Tracking of cardiorespiratory fitness from childhood to adolescence is moderate to low in both sexes. Moreover, maturity status moderated the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness at baseline and in adolescence. A lower age at peak height velocity was associated to a greater cardiorespiratory fitness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986396.v1
title: COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT CRITERIA IN THE PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME IN STUDENTS FROM PARANAVAÍ, PARANÁ

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the difference in the proportion of students with metabolic syndrome, diagnosed according to different criteria. Methods: The sample consisted of 241 students (136 boys and 105 girls) aged 10 to 14 years, from public and private schools in Paranavaí, Paraná. We used three distinct diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, considering the presence of at least three of the following risk factors: increased waist circumference, hypertension, fasting hyperglycemia, low HDL-C, and elevated triglycerides. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome found was 1.7% (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 0-3.3) for the IDF criterion; 3.3% (95%CI 1.0-5.6) for Cook; and 17.4% (95%CI 12.6-22.3) for Ferranti. Analyzing the criteria in pairs, the agreement between IDF and Cook was 97.5% (k=0.95); between IDF and Ferranti, 83.4% (k=0.67); and between Cook and Ferranti, 85.9% (k=0.72). Onlyone student (0.4%) was diagnosed with metabolic syndrome solely by the IDF criterion, while 34 (14.1%) were diagnosed exclusively by Ferranti. The comparison of the three criteria showed that Ferranti presented the highest proportion of metabolic syndrome (p&lt;0.001), and Cook had a greater proportion than IDF (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: We found a significant difference in the proportion of metabolic syndrome in the three criteria. The choice of which criterion to use can compromise not only the percentage of metabolic syndrome prevalence but also interfere in strategies of intervention and prevention in children and adolescents with and without metabolic syndrome, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986402.v1
title: Soil conservation management with cover crops: effects on critical energy levels, release and dispersion of aggregates

description: ABSTRACT The normalized dispersion index (NDI) and the b/a index are commonly used to express the stability of aggregates measured by ultrasound. However, few studies have used the critical energy (CE) extracted from modeling to explain the effects of soil use and management on soil aggregation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil cover on the CE level required for dispersion of aggregates of a Typic Hapludalf. Soil samples collected from the 0.0-0.05 m depth were evaluated in five different managements with cover plants: perennial soybean (PS), peanuts (P), spontaneous vegetation (SV), black oat/forage turnip (BOFT), and black oat/hairy vetch (BOHV). Aggregates ? 2 mm of the treatments were exposed to ultrasonic irradiation during 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 s. The specific applied energies were calculated based on sonification time and potency: 0, 745, 1490, 2980, and 4470 J·g–1. After each sonification, sand (2000-53 ?m), silt (53-2 ?m) and clay (&lt; 2 ?m) were quantified. The mass of aggregates of each size class was modeled as a function of the ultrasonic energy. The CE, the NDI and the b/a indexes were coefficients extracted from these models. Cover crops influenced the critical energy levels required for dispersion of aggregates of the Typic Hapludalf. However, our methodology did not prove management systems with intercrops of the cover crops, as black oats and vetch, contribute more effectively to the increase of soil aggregation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986387
title: Determinants and spatial dependence of innovation in Brazilian regions: evidence from a Spatial Tobit Model

description: Abstract This paper analyses the spatial patterns and spatial interdependencies of innovation and the role that local determinants of innovation play in Brazilian micro-regions. Specifically, it evaluates how local firms’ R&D, regional academic research, agglomeration level and local industrial specialization or diversification affect regional innovation. To analyse these factors, an empirical model based on the Knowledge Production Function (KPF) is estimated using a Spatial Autoregressive Tobit (SAR-Tobit) with Brazilian patent data. The results indicate that higher levels of regional industrial R&D imply greater innovation and that greater university research at a regional level positively impacts industrial innovation. Moreover, agglomerated and diverse regions present better innovative performance. Regarding spatial dynamics, the proximity of the most innovative microregions positively affects local innovation, which shows the existence of interregional knowledge spillovers that are associated with innovative activities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986405.v1
title: Crosslinking starch/oat hull mixtures for use in composites with PLA

description: Abstract Modification of composite components has been proposed as a tool to improve their functional properties. The present work studied crosslinking of a starch/oat hull mixture by reactive extrusion with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP), for application in composites with polylactic acid (PLA). The treated mixture was characterized regarding degree of substitution, FT-IR, and thermal properties. The native and modified mixtures were processed by injection molding, together with PLA and glycerol. The microstructure, mechanical properties, shrinkage, density, and thermal properties of the composites were determined. The FT-IR results, increase in phosphorus content and thermal stability after starch/fiber mixture treatment with STMP suggested the occurrence of crosslinking. Better interfacial adhesion between oat hulls and the polymeric matrix was observed in electron micrographs of the composites containing the modified components. Slight decreases in tensile strength and modulus were observed in the modified composites, suggesting that extrusion and subsequent milling may have broken some structures/linkages.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986387.v1
title: Determinants and spatial dependence of innovation in Brazilian regions: evidence from a Spatial Tobit Model

description: Abstract This paper analyses the spatial patterns and spatial interdependencies of innovation and the role that local determinants of innovation play in Brazilian micro-regions. Specifically, it evaluates how local firms’ R&D, regional academic research, agglomeration level and local industrial specialization or diversification affect regional innovation. To analyse these factors, an empirical model based on the Knowledge Production Function (KPF) is estimated using a Spatial Autoregressive Tobit (SAR-Tobit) with Brazilian patent data. The results indicate that higher levels of regional industrial R&D imply greater innovation and that greater university research at a regional level positively impacts industrial innovation. Moreover, agglomerated and diverse regions present better innovative performance. Regarding spatial dynamics, the proximity of the most innovative microregions positively affects local innovation, which shows the existence of interregional knowledge spillovers that are associated with innovative activities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986369
title: Diminishing the Stigma around Mental Disorder following Medical Internship in Psychiatry at Two Institutions in Fortaleza (CE)

description: ABSTRACT Historically, there is stigma associated to several diseases. There are widespread stigma and prejudice regarding mental illness throughout the world and research has shown that the general population has limited knowledge about mental illness. One mental disorder in particular, schizophrenia, is highly stigmatized. As members of society, medical students are not immune to stigma assigned to people with mental disorders. Several studies have suggested that the psychiatric training, especially when involving direct contact with the patient, such as medical internship, can have a positive impact on the medical student through their direct engagement in patient care, interest in participating in other activities such as therapy group management, case management, and gaining an understanding that patients with psychiatric conditions can be treated successfully. Most doctors, however, receive little training when interacting with mental illness patients. They usually feel uncomfortable or ineffective in communicating with them, even regarding physical complaints. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the internship in a psychiatric hospital in Fortaleza reduces the stigma of medical students in relation to mental illness. AQ-9 validated questionnaire was applied to medical students in the initial period of the internship in psychiatry and repeated at the end of the period. From a total sample of 88 students, 37 (42%) were male and 51 (58%) were female, and the mean age was 24.68 years. There was a noticeable difference between the first three domains of AQ-9, which showed a significant decrease in pity (p = 0.029), danger (p = 0.004) and fear (p &lt; 0.001). Stigma does seem to reside in the student population analyzed and the psychiatry internship of the two medical schools studied significantly reduced the results in three of the 9 domains evaluated. Of the sociodemographic variables, only gender influenced the result. Female students presented higher scores than male students in relation to the fear domain while male students presented a higher average than their female counterparts in relation to segregation. The importance of the psychiatry internship which goes beyond technical learning is reinforced, since it has the capacity to reduce stigma in relation to psychiatric, and especially schizophrenic, patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986372
title: Effects of nickel fertilization on soybean growth in tropical soils

description: ABSTRACT Although nickel (Ni) is recognized as plant nutrient since the turn of the 21st century, uncertainty remains about its optimum application rates and forms. This paper focuses on Ni application in soils, relating to its effect as a plant micronutrient. Specifically, the effect of Ni on the activity of urease in soybean plants is examined. The effects of applying four Ni rates in two different soil types were tested. A full factorial 2 × 4 blocked design experiment was established under controlled conditions. Ni rates (0, 0.25, 0.5 and1.0 mg of Ni·kg–1 of soil) were applied in two soils with contrasting clay contents. The addition of Ni increased the urease activity in soybean plants but was affected by soil textural differences. The highest urease activity was achieved by the application of 1.0 mg·kg–1 Ni in the sandy soil. The absorption of Ni by the plants and its availability was found to be soil texture dependent. The rate of 0.25 mg·kg–1 Ni increased the soybean dry matter production by 25% in the sandy soil. In conclusion, Ni was effective in promoting plant growth and biomass accumulation although depending on soil clay proportion. For soybean, there was no correlation between urease activity and biomass accumulation. The results of this study indicate a clear Ni effect in different type of soils in São Paulo state, serving as a solid initial doses indicator for soybean fertilization programs and future studies on nickel in Soybean.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986378
title: Tetrazolium test for Pinus taeda: preparation, staining, and seed viability classes

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate preparation and staining methods used in the tetrazolium test for Pinus taeda seeds, with the definition of viability classes. The procedures carried out were those described in the rules for seed testing in Brazil and Association of Official Seed Analysts, as well as an alternative method for the tetrazolium test. For each procedure, different combinations of types of seed cuts, concentrations of tetrazolium salt, and exposure periods were used. The test conducted with the alternative procedure (longitudinal cut adjacent to the embryo and staining of only the half with the embryo) is the most practical. The obtained results allowed classifying seeds into two different viability classes (viable and nonviable), and 0.2% tetrazolium salt for 4 hours is the most effective combination.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986372.v1
title: Effects of nickel fertilization on soybean growth in tropical soils

description: ABSTRACT Although nickel (Ni) is recognized as plant nutrient since the turn of the 21st century, uncertainty remains about its optimum application rates and forms. This paper focuses on Ni application in soils, relating to its effect as a plant micronutrient. Specifically, the effect of Ni on the activity of urease in soybean plants is examined. The effects of applying four Ni rates in two different soil types were tested. A full factorial 2 × 4 blocked design experiment was established under controlled conditions. Ni rates (0, 0.25, 0.5 and1.0 mg of Ni·kg–1 of soil) were applied in two soils with contrasting clay contents. The addition of Ni increased the urease activity in soybean plants but was affected by soil textural differences. The highest urease activity was achieved by the application of 1.0 mg·kg–1 Ni in the sandy soil. The absorption of Ni by the plants and its availability was found to be soil texture dependent. The rate of 0.25 mg·kg–1 Ni increased the soybean dry matter production by 25% in the sandy soil. In conclusion, Ni was effective in promoting plant growth and biomass accumulation although depending on soil clay proportion. For soybean, there was no correlation between urease activity and biomass accumulation. The results of this study indicate a clear Ni effect in different type of soils in São Paulo state, serving as a solid initial doses indicator for soybean fertilization programs and future studies on nickel in Soybean.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986363
title: Cross Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Psychometric Properties of the Instrument Nutrition in Patient Care Survey (Nips) in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Introduction Inadequate nutritional habits are considered a leading risk factor for the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCD). The physician plays an important role in modifying and improving the nutritional behavior of his patients and consequently safeguarding their health. In this context, it is necessary to measure, through reliable instruments, the attitude of students and physicians toward nutrition in patient care, to subsidize educational interventions that will impact clinical practice. Objective To translate, culturally adapt and validate the Nutrition in Patient Care Survey (NIPS), which assesses attitudes in nutritional care in clinical practice, to be used in the Portuguese-speaking population in Brazil. Methodology The original English version of NIPS was initially translated into Portuguese and submitted to a cross-cultural adaptation of vocabulary and linguistic construction. This version was then retranslated into English. The questionnaire was then applied to pre-test in 30 medical students, in order to eliminate doubts about comprehension of the questions. The final version of the adapted instrument was applied to 400 medical students. The reliability and validity of the survey was ascertained using exploratory factor analysis, conducted through principal component extraction and Varimax rotation methods. Result Four hundred students answered all NIPS questions and were included in the analysis. Following factorial analysis, the final structure of the scale was defined, which now has 37 items, in Likert form ranging from 1 (totally disagree) to 5 (totally agree), divided into ten factors, which differs from the original scale with five factors. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) for the ten factors studied was greater than 0.60 in most cases and the general alpha was greater than 0.50. In the construct validity analysis, the majority of the correlation coefficients were significant (p values &lt; 0.005). With this structure, the proposed scale presented an internal consistency understood as favorable, explaining 58.93% of students’ attitudes regarding nutritional care in patient care. Conclusion The version in Portuguese of the NIPS instrument, after an adaptation process, proved to be useful and adequate for gathering information regarding the attitude of medical students related to nutritional care of patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986369.v1
title: Diminishing the Stigma around Mental Disorder following Medical Internship in Psychiatry at Two Institutions in Fortaleza (CE)

description: ABSTRACT Historically, there is stigma associated to several diseases. There are widespread stigma and prejudice regarding mental illness throughout the world and research has shown that the general population has limited knowledge about mental illness. One mental disorder in particular, schizophrenia, is highly stigmatized. As members of society, medical students are not immune to stigma assigned to people with mental disorders. Several studies have suggested that the psychiatric training, especially when involving direct contact with the patient, such as medical internship, can have a positive impact on the medical student through their direct engagement in patient care, interest in participating in other activities such as therapy group management, case management, and gaining an understanding that patients with psychiatric conditions can be treated successfully. Most doctors, however, receive little training when interacting with mental illness patients. They usually feel uncomfortable or ineffective in communicating with them, even regarding physical complaints. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the internship in a psychiatric hospital in Fortaleza reduces the stigma of medical students in relation to mental illness. AQ-9 validated questionnaire was applied to medical students in the initial period of the internship in psychiatry and repeated at the end of the period. From a total sample of 88 students, 37 (42%) were male and 51 (58%) were female, and the mean age was 24.68 years. There was a noticeable difference between the first three domains of AQ-9, which showed a significant decrease in pity (p = 0.029), danger (p = 0.004) and fear (p &lt; 0.001). Stigma does seem to reside in the student population analyzed and the psychiatry internship of the two medical schools studied significantly reduced the results in three of the 9 domains evaluated. Of the sociodemographic variables, only gender influenced the result. Female students presented higher scores than male students in relation to the fear domain while male students presented a higher average than their female counterparts in relation to segregation. The importance of the psychiatry internship which goes beyond technical learning is reinforced, since it has the capacity to reduce stigma in relation to psychiatric, and especially schizophrenic, patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986378.v1
title: Tetrazolium test for Pinus taeda: preparation, staining, and seed viability classes

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate preparation and staining methods used in the tetrazolium test for Pinus taeda seeds, with the definition of viability classes. The procedures carried out were those described in the rules for seed testing in Brazil and Association of Official Seed Analysts, as well as an alternative method for the tetrazolium test. For each procedure, different combinations of types of seed cuts, concentrations of tetrazolium salt, and exposure periods were used. The test conducted with the alternative procedure (longitudinal cut adjacent to the embryo and staining of only the half with the embryo) is the most practical. The obtained results allowed classifying seeds into two different viability classes (viable and nonviable), and 0.2% tetrazolium salt for 4 hours is the most effective combination.