cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241682.v1
title: Erratum: Is the Prefrontal Cortex Especially Enlarged in the Human Brain? Allometric Relations and Remapping Factors

description: There has been no agreement as to whether the prefrontal cortex is especially enlarged in the human brain. To answer this question, we analyzed the only two datasets that provide information on total prefrontal cortex volume based on cytoarchitectonic criteria. One delineated the prefrontal cortex proper on the basis of cytoarchitectonic criteria; the other used a proxy of the prefrontal cortex based on a cytoarchitectonic delineation of the frontal lobe. To investigate whether all cortical association areas, including the prefrontal cortex, are enlarged in the human brain, we scaled the different areas to a common reference, the primary visual cortex. To investigate whether the prefrontal cortex is more enlarged than other association areas, we scaled it relative to its inputs from and outputs to other nonprimary areas. We carried out separate regression analyses using different data samples as a predictive baseline group: data for monkeys alone informs us on whether great apes are different from monkeys; data for all non-human anthropoids, including great apes, informs us on whether humans are different from all other primates. The analyses show that the value for the human prefrontal cortex is greater than expected, and that this is true even when data for the great apes are included in the analysis. They also show that the chimpanzee prefrontal cortex is greater than expected for a monkey with a similar sized cortex. We discuss possible functional consequences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241661
title: Erratum: Clinical Perspective of Cell-Free DNA Testing for Fetal Aneuploidies

description: Cell-free DNA testing in maternal blood provides the most effective method of screening for trisomy 21, with a reported detection rate of 99% and a false positive rate of less than 0.1%. After many years of research, this method is now commercially available and is carried out in an increasing number of patients, and there is an expanding number of conditions that can be screened for. However, the application of these methods in clinical practice requires a careful analysis. Current first-trimester screening strategies are based on a complex combination of tests, aiming at detecting fetal defects and predicting the risk of main pregnancy complications. It is therefore necessary to define the optimal way of combining cell-free DNA testing with current first-trimester screening methods. In this concise review we describe the basis of cell-free DNA testing and discuss the potential approaches for its implementation in combination with current tests in the first trimester.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241664
title: Erratum: FIP200 is Involved in Murine <b><i>Pseudomonas</i></b> Infection by Regulating HMGB1 Intracellular Translocation

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>FIP200, a critical autophagy initiating protein, can participate in numerous cellular functions including cancer development; however, its functional role in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> infection of alveolar macrophages is unknown. <b><i>Methods: </i></b>To investigate the role of FIP200 in host defense, we transfected murine alveolar macrophage MH-S cells with FIP200 siRNA. Having confirmed that FIP200 knockdown inhibited PAO1-induced autophagosme formation, we sought to characterize the underlying signaling pathways by immunoblotting. Further, we used <i>fip200</i> KO mice to study the effects of <i>fip200</i> deficiency on HMGB1 translocation. <b><i>Results: </i></b>We showed that <i>Pseudomonas</i> PAO1 strain infection facilitated autophagosome formation, whereas knockdown of FIP200 inhibited autophagosome formation and HMGB1 expression in MH-S cells. Silencing FIP200 impaired the translocation of HMGB1 to cytosol of MH-S cells and almost abolished acetylation of HMGB1 during PAO1 infection. In contrast, FIP200 overexpression facilitated the cytosol translocation of HMGB1 from nuclei and increased acetylation of HMGB1 in PAO1-infected MH-S cells. Importantly, expression and acetylation of HMGB1 were also significantly down-regulated in <i>fip200</i> KO mice following PAO1 infection. <b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>Collectively, these findings elucidate that FIP200 may regulate expression and translocation of HMGB1 during PAO1 infection, which may indicate novel therapeutic targets to control pulmonary infection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241670
title: Erratum: Outcomes of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants Exposed to Maternal Clinical Chorioamnionitis: A Multicentre Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Chorioamnionitis is a recognized risk factor of preterm delivery; however, controversy still persists concerning the relationship between maternal inflammation and neonatal morbidity and mortality. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To determine the incidence of clinical chorioamnionitis and its relationship to morbidity and mortality among very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of VLBW neonates ≤32 weeks' gestational age (GA) admitted to collaborating units in the Spanish SEN1500 Network between January 2008 and December 2011. Clinical chorioamnionitis was defined by obstetricians based on clinical findings, and neonatal outcomes were compared between exposed and non-exposed infants by multivariate logistic regression analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During the study period, 11,464 VLBW newborns were admitted to our units and 10,026 were ≤32 weeks' GA. Among them, 8,330 (83.1%) had complete data and were included. Of these, 1,480 (17.8%) were exposed to maternal clinical chorioamnionitis. The incidence was higher at lower GA and, after adjusting for confounding factors, exposed infants had higher risks of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) (10.0 vs. 2.8%; aOR 3.102; 95% CI 2.306-4.173; p &lt; 0.001) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (11.2 vs. 7.7%; aOR 1.300; 95% CI 1.021-1.655; p &lt; 0.033), but lower risks of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (43.2 vs. 34.9%; aOR 0.831; 95% CI 0.711-0.971; p &lt; 0.02) and late-onset bacterial sepsis (LONS) (36.6 vs. 32.5%; aOR 0.849; 95% CI 0.729-0.989; p &lt; 0.035). There were no differences in mortality between the groups. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The incidence of maternal clinical chorioamnionitis is inversely related to GA at delivery, and in VLBW infants ≤32 weeks' GA it is associated with higher risks of EONS and NEC, but lower risks of PDA and LONS. We did not found differences in survival.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241688.v1
title: Erratum: Leukotriene Receptor Blockade as a Life-Saving Treatment in Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in infants with an extremely low birth weight. Because there is no effective therapy, the mortality of this condition in severely affected patients is high. Therapeutic blocking of the leukotriene system seems to be a logical approach due to the known pathophysiology of BPD. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to examine the therapeutic effect of montelukast in preterm children suffering from severe BPD. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed an unblinded, prospective trial including infants born between 23 and 27 weeks of gestation suffering from severe BPD. The study drug was montelukast (1 mg/kg of body weight as a single dose daily in the 1st week of therapy, increasing to 1.5 mg/kg of body weight in the 2nd week and finally to 2 mg/kg of body weight in the 3rd week). Treatment was continued until the radiological signs and the clinical symptoms of BPD disappeared or the patient was discharged from the hospital. Each patient included in this study was matched for gestational age, birth weight, and pulmonary severity score to a control. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Until March 2014, a total of 22 infants were enrolled into the study. The rates of the primary outcome differed significantly between the montelukast-treated group and the control group. All but 1 of the children in the treatment group survived (91%), whereas 7 of the 11 children in the control group died (survival rate 36%; p = 0.002 using Fisher's exact test). The mean mechanical ventilation time (41.2 ± 25.3 vs. 103.7 ± 90.6 days) was significantly shorter and the mean preterm complication score (3.0 ± 1.7 vs. 5.6 ± 1.4) was significantly lower in treated patients compared to the control group. (p = 0.05 for both items; Wilcoxon's matched-pairs test). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Based on the clinical observations, the statistical results, and the relatively low risk of the study drug montelukast, we recommend using this treatment in severe cases of BPD for infants facing a high risk of death.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241658
title: Erratum: Model-Based and Model-Free Decisions in Alcohol Dependence

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Human and animal work suggests a shift from goal-directed to habitual decision-making in addiction. However, the evidence for this in human alcohol dependence is as yet inconclusive. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty-six healthy controls and 26 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients underwent behavioral testing with a 2-step task designed to disentangle goal-directed and habitual response patterns. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Alcohol-dependent patients showed less evidence of goal-directed choices than healthy controls, particularly after losses. There was no difference in the strength of the habitual component. The group differences did not survive controlling for performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Chronic alcohol use appears to selectively impair goal-directed function, rather than promoting habitual responding. It appears to do so particularly after nonrewards, and this may be mediated by the effects of alcohol on more general cognitive functions subserved by the prefrontal cortex. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241670.v1
title: Erratum: Outcomes of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants Exposed to Maternal Clinical Chorioamnionitis: A Multicentre Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Chorioamnionitis is a recognized risk factor of preterm delivery; however, controversy still persists concerning the relationship between maternal inflammation and neonatal morbidity and mortality. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To determine the incidence of clinical chorioamnionitis and its relationship to morbidity and mortality among very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of VLBW neonates ≤32 weeks' gestational age (GA) admitted to collaborating units in the Spanish SEN1500 Network between January 2008 and December 2011. Clinical chorioamnionitis was defined by obstetricians based on clinical findings, and neonatal outcomes were compared between exposed and non-exposed infants by multivariate logistic regression analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During the study period, 11,464 VLBW newborns were admitted to our units and 10,026 were ≤32 weeks' GA. Among them, 8,330 (83.1%) had complete data and were included. Of these, 1,480 (17.8%) were exposed to maternal clinical chorioamnionitis. The incidence was higher at lower GA and, after adjusting for confounding factors, exposed infants had higher risks of early-onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) (10.0 vs. 2.8%; aOR 3.102; 95% CI 2.306-4.173; p &lt; 0.001) and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) (11.2 vs. 7.7%; aOR 1.300; 95% CI 1.021-1.655; p &lt; 0.033), but lower risks of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (43.2 vs. 34.9%; aOR 0.831; 95% CI 0.711-0.971; p &lt; 0.02) and late-onset bacterial sepsis (LONS) (36.6 vs. 32.5%; aOR 0.849; 95% CI 0.729-0.989; p &lt; 0.035). There were no differences in mortality between the groups. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The incidence of maternal clinical chorioamnionitis is inversely related to GA at delivery, and in VLBW infants ≤32 weeks' GA it is associated with higher risks of EONS and NEC, but lower risks of PDA and LONS. We did not found differences in survival.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241655
title: Erratum: Comparison of the Efficacy of Gefitinib in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer according to the Type of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Exon 19 deletion and L858R point mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are the most commonly encountered EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and predict higher clinical outcomes following treatment with gefitinib. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differential clinical outcomes of gefitinib in patients with NSCLC according to the type of active EGFR mutation, i.e. exon 19 deletion or L858R point mutation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We identified patients with advanced NSCLC harboring the exon 19 deletion or the L858R point mutation of EGFR who were on gefitinib treatment. The clinical outcomes were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 124 patients with NSCLC harboring active EGFR mutations, the overall response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival were 60.5%, 11.3 and 27.3 months, respectively, and did not differ significantly between patients with the exon 19 deletion (61.8%, 11.3 and 32.2 months, respectively) and those with the L858R point mutation (58.9%, 9.0 and 27.7 months, respectively). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It may be considered that there is no difference in the clinical efficacy of gefitinib between NSCLC patients who harbor the exon 19 deletion and those with the L858R point mutation. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241637
title: Erratum: Fetal Endoscopic Tracheal Intubation: A New Fetoscopic Procedure to Ensure Extrauterine Tracheal Permeability in a Case with Congenital Cervical Teratoma

description: Congenital neck masses are associated with high perinatal mortality and morbidity secondary to airway obstruction due to a mass effect of the tumor with subsequent neonatal asphyxia and/or neonatal death. Currently, the only technique designed to establish a secure neonatal airway is the ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure, which involves neonatal tracheal intubation while fetal oxygenation is maintained by the uteroplacental circulation in a partial fetal delivery under maternal general anesthesia. We present a case with a giant cervical teratoma and huge displacement and compression of the fetal trachea that was treated successfully at 35 weeks of gestation with a novel fetoscopic procedure to ensure extrauterine tracheal permeability by means of a fetal endoscopic tracheal intubation (FETI) before delivery. The procedure consisted of a percutaneous fetal tracheoscopy under maternal epidural anesthesia using an 11-Fr exchange catheter covering the fetoscope that allowed a conduit to introduce a 3.0-mm intrauterine orotracheal cannula under ultrasound guidance. After FETI, a conventional cesarean section was performed uneventfully with no need for an EXIT procedure. This report is the first to illustrate that in cases with large neck tumors involving fetal airways, FETI is feasible and could potentially replace an EXIT procedure by allowing prenatal airway control.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241649
title: Erratum: Impact of Advanced Hearing Aid Technology on Speech Understanding for Older Listeners with Mild to Moderate, Adult-Onset, Sensorineural Hearing Loss

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Hearing loss is one of the most common chronic health conditions of older people. Hearing aids are the customary treatment and they improve quality of life in older adults. Even so, relatively few older adults with uncomplicated, mild to moderate, adult-onset, sensorineural hearing loss use hearing aids. One reason for this is a belief that hearing aids do not provide sufficient value to justify their expense. Although modern hearing aids are available at several price points, there is minimal evidence about the relative benefits of premium-level versus basic-level hearing aid technologies. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This research was designed to demonstrate the relative effectiveness of premium hearing aids compared with basic hearing aids in improving speech understanding and quality of life. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> 25 participants, including both new and experienced hearing aid users, completed blinded month-long field trials with each of four pairs of hearing aids: two basic and two premium level. Outcomes were laboratory speech understanding tests, standardized questionnaires and open-ended diary items. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Participants reacted very positively to all the hearing aids. Both everyday speech understanding and quality of life were substantially improved with hearing aids. Results for both new and experienced users were consistent with a conclusion that there were no statistically significant or clinically important differences in improvement between the premium- and basic-level hearing aids. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> It should not be assumed that more costly hearing aids always produce better outcomes. With contemporary hearing aids from two major manufacturers, the subjects obtained as much improvement in speech understanding and quality of life from lower-cost basic-level instruments as from higher-cost premium-level instruments. Regardless of technology level, comprehensive best-practice fitting protocols should be followed to optimize results for every patient. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241652
title: Erratum: Solar Elastosis in Its Papular Form: Uncommon, Mistakable

description: Solar elastosis is a degenerative condition of elastic tissue in the dermis due to prolonged sun exposure. There are a variety of clinical manifestations of solar elastosis. In its most common form, solar elastosis manifests as yellow, thickened, coarsely wrinkled skin. We report two uncommon cases of severe solar elastosis with a papular morphology. Its presentation can closely mimic a host of cutaneous disorders and thus, although it is helpful to be cognizant of this entity, it is still crucial to biopsy these lesions to avoid missing a more sinister condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241658.v1
title: Erratum: Model-Based and Model-Free Decisions in Alcohol Dependence

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Human and animal work suggests a shift from goal-directed to habitual decision-making in addiction. However, the evidence for this in human alcohol dependence is as yet inconclusive. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Twenty-six healthy controls and 26 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent patients underwent behavioral testing with a 2-step task designed to disentangle goal-directed and habitual response patterns. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Alcohol-dependent patients showed less evidence of goal-directed choices than healthy controls, particularly after losses. There was no difference in the strength of the habitual component. The group differences did not survive controlling for performance on the Digit Symbol Substitution Task. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Chronic alcohol use appears to selectively impair goal-directed function, rather than promoting habitual responding. It appears to do so particularly after nonrewards, and this may be mediated by the effects of alcohol on more general cognitive functions subserved by the prefrontal cortex. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241634
title: Erratum: A Differential Diagnosis for Left Atrial Mass on Transthoracic Echocardiography: Hiatus Hernia

description: Hiatus hernia is a common medical condition. An elderly woman being investigated for dyspnoea of unknown aetiology had a transthoracic echocardiogram as part of her investigations. This alarmingly demonstrated a large left atrial mass. Further assessment with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large hiatus hernia compressing the left atrium and no intra-cardiac mass. The case succinctly highlights gastrointestinal pathology simulating cardiac symptoms and masses.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241655.v1
title: Erratum: Comparison of the Efficacy of Gefitinib in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer according to the Type of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Exon 19 deletion and L858R point mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are the most commonly encountered EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and predict higher clinical outcomes following treatment with gefitinib. The objective of this study was to evaluate the differential clinical outcomes of gefitinib in patients with NSCLC according to the type of active EGFR mutation, i.e. exon 19 deletion or L858R point mutation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We identified patients with advanced NSCLC harboring the exon 19 deletion or the L858R point mutation of EGFR who were on gefitinib treatment. The clinical outcomes were evaluated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 124 patients with NSCLC harboring active EGFR mutations, the overall response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival were 60.5%, 11.3 and 27.3 months, respectively, and did not differ significantly between patients with the exon 19 deletion (61.8%, 11.3 and 32.2 months, respectively) and those with the L858R point mutation (58.9%, 9.0 and 27.7 months, respectively). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It may be considered that there is no difference in the clinical efficacy of gefitinib between NSCLC patients who harbor the exon 19 deletion and those with the L858R point mutation. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5241628
title: Erratum: Clinical and Radiological Features in CADASIL and <b><i>NOTCH3</i></b>-Negative Patients: A Multicenter Study from Turkey

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The diversity of clinical presentation and neuroimaging findings of CADASIL (cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy) from different regions of the world has not yet been studied in depth. Here we investigated the variability of clinical, radiological and genetic data of 48 patients analyzed for <i>NOTCH3</i> mutation in Turkey. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Clinical evaluation was made according to a preformed questionnaire. Cranial neuroimaging findings were determined on the basis of T1, T2, FLAIR and proton-density magnetic resonance scans. For genetic analysis, polymerase chain reaction was performed with primers flanking exons 2-6 and 11 of <i>NOTCH3 </i>gene. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty-five patients (52.1%) were diagnosed as CADASIL with <i>NOTCH3</i> mutation, while 23 patients (47.9%) had no mutation (<i>NOTCH3</i>-negative patients). The mean age and age at stroke onset were lower in male CADASIL patients (p &lt; 0.03). A family history of migraine (p = 0.012), stroke (p &lt; 0.001), recurrent strokes (p = 0.020) and dementia (p = 0.012) was more common in CADASIL patients. Temporal pole involvement was more common in CADASIL patients (p = 0.004). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It is of clinical importance to identify the heterogeneity of CADASIL from different countries due to a low correlation of clinical and radiological data with respect to <i>NOTCH3</i> mutation.