DOI: 10.35111/11b6-qe77
title: GALE Chinese-English Word Alignment and Tagging -- Broadcast Training Part 1

description: <h3>Introduction</h3><br>
<p>GALE Chinese-English Word Alignment and Tagging -- Broadcast Training Part 1 was developed by the Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC) and contains 179,842 tokens of word aligned Chinese and English parallel text enriched with linguistic tags. This material was used as training data in the <a href="https://www.ldc.upenn.edu/collaborations/past-projects" rel="nofollow">DARPA GALE</a> (Global Autonomous Language Exploitation) program.</p><br>
<p>Some approaches to statistical machine translation include the incorporation of linguistic knowledge in word aligned text as a means to improve automatic word alignment and machine translation quality. This is accomplished with two annotation schemes: alignment and tagging. Alignment identifies minimum translation units and translation relations by using minimum-match and attachment annotation approaches. A set of word tags and alignment link tags are designed in the tagging scheme to describe these translation units and relations. Tagging adds contextual, syntactic and language-specific features to the alignment annotation.</p><br>
<p>Other releases available in this series are:</p><br>
<ul><br>
<li>GALE Chinese-English Word Alignment and Tagging Training Part 1 -- Newswire and Web (<a href="http://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2012T16" rel="nofollow">LDC2012T16</a>)</li><br>
<li>GALE Chinese-English Word Alignment and Tagging Training Part 2 -- Newswire (<a href="http://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2012T20" rel="nofollow">LDC2012T20</a>)</li><br>
<li>GALE Chinese-English Word Alignment and Tagging Training Part 3 -- Web (<a href="http://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2012T24" rel="nofollow">LDC2012T24</a>)</li><br>
<li>GALE Chinese-English Word Alignment and Tagging Training Part 4 -- Web (<a href="http://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2013T05" rel="nofollow">LDC2013T05</a>)</li><br>
</ul><br>
<h3>Data</h3><br>
<p>This release consists of Chinese source broadcast conversation (BC) and broadcast news (BN) programming collected by LDC in 2005 - 2007. The distribution by genre, words, character tokens and segments appears below:</p><br>
<p> </p><br>
<table><br>
<tbody><br>
<tr><br>
<td>Language&lt;/TD&gt;</td><br>
<td>Genre</td><br>
<td>Docs</td><br>
<td>Words</td><br>
<td>CharTokens</td><br>
<td>Segments</td><br>
</tr><br>
<tr><br>
<td>Chinese</td><br>
<td>BC</td><br>
<td>12</td><br>
<td>51,192</td><br>
<td>76,789</td><br>
<td>2,943</td><br>
</tr><br>
<tr><br>
<td>Chinese</td><br>
<td>BN</td><br>
<td>16</td><br>
<td>68,702</td><br>
<td>103,053</td><br>
<td>3,539</td><br>
</tr><br>
</tbody><br>
</table><br>
<p>Note that all token counts are based on the Chinese data only. One token is equivalent to one character and one word is equivalent to 1.5 characters.</p><br>
<p>The Chinese word alignment tasks consisted of the following components:</p><br>
<ul><br>
<li>Identifying, aligning, and tagging 8 different types of links</li><br>
<li>Identifying, attaching, and tagging local-level unmatched words</li><br>
<li>Identifying and tagging sentence/discourse-level unmatched words</li><br>
<li>Identifying and tagging all instances of Chinese 的(DE) except when they were a part of a semantic link.</li><br>
</ul><br>
<h3>Samples</h3><br>
<p>Please view the following samples:</p><br>
<ul><br>
<li><a href="desc/addenda/LDC2013T23.cmn.raw.jpg" rel="nofollow">Chinese Raw</a></li><br>
<li><a href="desc/addenda/LDC2013T23.cmn.tkn.jpg" rel="nofollow">Chinese Token</a></li><br>
<li><a href="desc/addenda/LDC2013T23.eng.raw.txt" rel="nofollow">English Raw</a></li><br>
<li><a href="desc/addenda/LDC2013T23.eng.tkn.txt" rel="nofollow">English Token</a></li><br>
<li><a href="desc/addenda/LDC2013T23.wa.txt" rel="nofollow">World Alignment</a></li><br>
</ul><br>
<h3>Sponsorship</h3><br>
<p>This work was supported in part by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, GALE Program Grant No. HR0011-06-1-0003. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred.</p><br>
<h3>Updates</h3><br>
<p>None at this time.</p></br>
 Portions © 2005-2007 China Central TV, © 2006 Hubei TV, © 2005-2007 Phoenix TV, © 2013 Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania