cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.jm8r78r
title: Data from: How sexual and natural selection shape sexual size dimorphism: evidence from multiple evolutionary scales

description: 1. Sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is pervasive across taxa and reflects
 differences in the effects of sexual and natural selection on body size
 between the sexes. However, disentangling the complex eco-evolutionary
 interactions between these two mechanisms remains a major challenge for
 biologists. 2. Here, we combine macro-evolutionary (between-species),
 local evolutionary (between-population) and fine-scale evolutionary
 (within-population) patterns of SSD to explore how sexual and natural
 selection interact and shape the evolution of SSD in Australian agamid
 lizards. Australian agamid lizards show substantial variation in SSD,
 ecological traits and species density making them an ideal study system to
 address this question. 3. At the between-species level, population
 density, ecological generalism and mean species size significantly predict
 SSD variation, however, only ecological generalism was found to
 significantly explain variation in larger than average male-biased SSD. At
 the population level, density positively correlated with SSD in native
 habitats, but not city park habitats. Last, agonistic behaviour acted as
 the primary driver of SSD at the within-population level. 4. Our results
 indicate how sexual and natural selection can interact at different
 evolutionary scales, and show the importance of considering both selective
 mechanisms when investigating patterns of SSD.
description: Morphological data of 43
 agamid lizardsFile containing
 morphological measurements, sexual dimorphic indices, sexual size
 dimorphic PC scores and metadata for all agamid samples at the species
 level (43 species), population level (9 populations) and individual level
 (102 individuals).Raw
 data_Littleford-Colquhoun_FE.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sr16pd0
title: Data from: Sex-specific pace-of-life syndromes

description: The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis considers an animal’s
 behavior, physiology, and life-history as non-independent components of a
 single integrated phenotype. However, frequent deviations from the
 expected correlations between POLS traits suggests that these
 relationships may be context, and potentially, sex-dependent. To determine
 whether the sexes express distinct POLS trait covariance structures, we
 observed the behavior (mobility, latency to emerge from a shelter),
 physiology (mass-specific metabolic rate) and life-history (lifespan,
 development time) of male and female Australian field crickets
 (Teleogryllus oceanicus). Path analysis modelling suggested that POLS
 trait covariation differed between the sexes. Although neither sex
 displayed the complete integration of traits predicted by the POLS
 hypothesis, females did display greater overall integration with a
 significant negative correlation between metabolic rate and risk-taking
 behavior but with life-history traits varying independently. In males,
 however, there was no clear association between traits. These results
 suggest that T. oceanicus do indeed display sex-specific trait covariance
 structures, emphasizing the importance of acknowledging sex in assessments
 of pace-of-life syndromes.
description: Sex-specific
 pace-of-life syndromes datasetComplete
 dataset.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bq18411
title: Data from: Incorporation of surface-modified hydroxyapatite into poly(methyl methacrylate) to improve biological activity and bone ingrowth

description: Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is the most frequently used bone void
 filler in orthopedic surgery. However, the interface between the
 PMMA-based cement and adjacent bone tissue is typically weak as PMMA bone
 cement that is inherently bioinert and not ideal for bone ingrowth. The
 present study aims to improve the affinity between the polymer and ceramic
 interphases. By surface modifying nano-sized hydroxyapatite (nHAP) with
 ethylene glycol and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) sequentially via a two-step
 ring opening reaction, affinity was improved between the polymer and
 ceramic interphases of PCL-grafted ethylene glycol-HAP (gHAP) in PMMA. Due
 to better affinity, the compressive strength of gHAP/PMMA was
 significantly enhanced compared to nHAP/PMMA. Further, PMMA with 20 wt.%
 gHAP promoted pre-osteoblast cell proliferation in vitro and showed the
 best osteogenic activity between the composites tested in vivo. Taken
 together, gHAP/PMMA not only improves the interfacial adhesion between the
 nanoparticles and cement, but also increases the biological activity and
 affinity between the osteoblast cells and PMMA composite cement. These
 results show that gHAP and its use in polymer/bioceramic composite have
 great potential to improve the functionality of PMMA cement.
description: Figure
 1_TGARaw data for Figure
 1Figure 3_Compressive
 strengthRaw data for Figure
 3Figure 5_CCK-8
 assayRaw data for Figure
 5Figure 7_ ALP
 activityRaw data for Figure
 7
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vf86jb2
title: Data from: Monitoring a Norwegian freshwater crayfish tragedy - eDNA snapshots of invasion, infection and extinction

description: 1.The European Noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) is threatened by crayfish
 plague caused by the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, which is spread by the
 invasive North American crayfish (e.g. signal crayfish, Pacifastacus
 leniusculus). Surveillance of crayfish plague status in Norway has
 traditionally relied on the monitoring survival of cage‐held noble
 crayfish, a method of ethical concern. Additionally, trapping is used in
 crayfish population surveillance. Here we test whether environmental DNA
 (eDNA) monitoring could provide a suitable alternative to the cage‐method,
 and a supplement to trapping. 2.We took advantage of an emerging crayfish
 plague outbreak in a Norwegian watercourse following illegal introduction
 of disease‐carrying signal crayfish, and initiated simultaneous
 eDNA‐monitoring and cage‐based surveillance, supplemented with trapping. A
 total of 304 water samples were filtered from several sampling stations
 over a four year period. eDNA data (species‐specific qPCR) for the
 presence of A. astaci, noble and signal crayfish within the water samples
 were compared to cage mortality and trapping. 3.This is the first study
 comparing eDNA‐monitoring and cage‐surveillance during a natural crayfish
 plague outbreak. We show that eDNA‐monitoring corresponds well with the
 biological status measured in terms of crayfish mortality and trapping
 results. eDNA analysis also reveals the presence of A. astaci in the water
 up to 2.5 weeks in advance of the cage‐method. eDNA estimates of A. astaci
 concentration and noble crayfish numbers increased markedly during
 mortality, and vanished quickly thereafter. eDNA provides a snapshot of
 the presence, absence or disappearance of crayfish regardless of season,
 and constitutes a valuable supplement to the trapping‐method that relies
 on season and legislation. 4.Synthesis and applications. Simultaneous
 eDNA‐monitoring of Aphanomyces astaci (crayfish plague) and relevant
 native and invasive freshwater crayfish species is well‐suited for
 early‐warning of invasion or infection, risk assessments, habitat
 evaluation and surveillance regarding pathogen and invasive/native
 crayfish status. This non‐invasive, animal‐welfare friendly method
 excludes the need for cage‐held susceptible crayfish in
 disease‐monitoring. Further, eDNA‐monitoring is less likely to spread A.
 astaci than traditional methods. This study resulted in the implementation
 of eDNA‐monitoring for Norwegian crayfish plague and crayfish surveillance
 programmes, and we believe other countries could improve management
 strategies for freshwater crayfish using a similar approach.
description: eDNA results
 2014-2017eDNA results from
 2014-2017 in Haldenvassdraget watercourse.eDNA results 2015 -
 Statistical analysiseDNA results from 2015
 used in statistical analysisR_script_CorrelationBetweenShortTimeSeries_eDNA_SnaphotR-script for statistical analysis
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kn92b41
title: Data from: The decline in plant biodiversity slows down soil carbon turnover under increasing nitrogen deposition in a temperate steppe

description: 1. Nitrogen (N) deposition not only alters the physiological processes of
 individual plant, but also leads to worldwide biodiversity loss. However,
 little is known about how the hierarchical responses from individual
 physiological processes to plant community structure would have cascading
 effects on soil carbon (C) cycling. 2. Here, we assessed whether changes
 in plant chemistry and community composition under increasing N input
 would affect the turnover rate of litter layer and soil C loss via
 heterotrophic respiration (Rh) in a temperate grassland. 3. We showed that
 more than a decade’s N addition significantly decreased plant species
 richness, litter layer turnover rate and Rh. The 13C-NMR results showed
 that, for individual species, N addition either increased the abundance of
 recalcitrant C groups such as Alkyl and Methoxyl, or decreased labile C
 groups such as Carbohydrate, resulting in decreases in Carbohydrate C to
 Methoxyl C ratio (CC/MC) for most species. Our data also showed that with
 the increase in N deposition, the abundance of relatively high degradable
 dominant species, such as A. cristatum and A. frigida declined rapidly,
 and the relatively recalcitrant species such as P. bifurca and L.
 chinensis become dominate. Changes in individual species’ chemistry and
 plant community composition significantly decreased litter quality at
 community level, as indicated by the lower community level CC/MC at higher
 N addition rates. 4. The result of step-AIC model selection further found
 that plant diversity loss and the decrease in community level CC/MC
 jointly best explained the decrease in Rh after N addition, and further
 relative importance partition result showed that these two factors
 respectively contributed 65.1% and 34.9% of the explained variation. 5.
 Overall, we demonstrated that changes in plant chemistry and diversity
 loss due to N addition reduced the quality of plant C input to soil, which
 further slowed down litter layer turnover rate and inhibited soil
 heterotrophic respiration. Our study complements the intermediate links of
 how shifts in plant community structure regulates soil C cycle under
 global changes.
description: Dataset_Yang_et
 al_2019The file contains all
 the original data including soil heterotrophic respiration, litter layer
 residence time, species diversity, soil properties, community level plant
 chemical composition and microbial community
 composition.data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fk334rr
title: Data from: Where and What? Frugivory is associated with more efficient foraging in three semi-free ranging primate species

description: Foraging in seasonal environments can be cognitively challenging.
 Comparative studies have associated brain size with a frugivorous diet. We
 investigated how fruit distribution (where) and preference (what) affect
 foraging decisions in three semi-free ranging primate species with
 different degrees of frugivory: Macaca tonkeana (Nindiv=5; Ntrials=430),
 M. fascicularis (Nindiv=3; Ntrials=168) and Sapajus apella (Nindiv=6;
 Ntrials=288). We used 36 boxes fixed on trees and filled with highly and
 less preferred fruits with different (weekly) spatio-temporal
 distributions. Individuals were tested in two conditions: 1) same fruit
 provided concurrently in the same quantity but in a scattered and in a
 clumped distribution, 2) highly preferred fruit was scattered while the
 less preferred was clumped. Generally, primates preferred feeding first on
 the boxes of the clumped distribution in both conditions, with the more
 frugivorous species at a higher degree than the less frugivorous species
 in condition 1), but not 2). Therefore, what fruit was available changed
 the foraging decisions of the more frugivorous species who also engaged
 more in goal-directed travel. When feeding on preferred fruit, primates
 likely maximised foraging efficiency regardless of their degree of
 frugivory. Our findings emphasise that the food type and distribution may
 be a preponderant driver in cognitive evolution.
description: Data set Trapanese et
 al_Where and WhatThis Excel file contains
 the raw data of each species (Tonkean macaques, long-tailed macaques,
 capuchin monkeys) for each task/season (CvS1, CvS2,
 CvQ).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.38fh0mc
title: Data from: Beta diversity of aquatic invertebrates increases along an altitudinal gradient in a Neotropical mountain

description: Mountains harbor rich biodiversity and high levels of endemism,
 particularly due to changes in environmental conditions over short spatial
 distances, which affects species distribution and composition. Studies on
 mountain ecosystems are increasingly needed, as mountains are highly
 threatened despite providing ecosystem services, such as water supply for
 half of the human population. We aimed to understand the patterns and
 drivers of alpha and beta diversities of aquatic invertebrates in
 headwater streams along an altitudinal gradient in the second largest
 South American mountain range, the Espinhaço mountains. Headwater streams
 were selected at each 100 m of elevation along an altitudinal gradient
 ranging from 800 to 1400 m asl, where three substrate types per stream
 were sampled: leaf litter, gravel, and cobbles. Environmental variables
 were sampled to represent local riparian canopy cover, instream physical
 habitat, water quality, climatic data, and land use. Generalized linear
 models and mixed models were used to test relationships between altitude
 and the richness and abundance of invertebrates and to assess the
 influence of environmental variables on the same metrics. Patterns of
 spatial variation in aquatic invertebrate assemblages along the
 altitudinal gradient were assessed using multiplicative beta diversity
 partitioning. The richness and abundance of aquatic invertebrates
 decreased with increasing altitude, whereas beta diversity increased with
 increasing altitude. Significant differences in assemblage composition and
 in relative abundance of invertebrates were observed for both substrates
 and altitude. We thus show that the high regional beta-diversity in
 aquatic ecosystems in the studied site are due to the high turnover among
 areas.
description: Castro_etal_Biotropica_DataThis file contains the data of aquatic invertebrates abundance (family and genera) collected in each site used in this study. The file also contains the environmental metrics and metadata describing each one.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gusjvt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5237 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Appias lyncida"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5237 records from 80 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001669-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.tujxkg
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 122 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is mabik_pi",
 "TaxonKey is Lophius"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 122 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001670-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c3rr6q1
title: Data from: Male and female bees show large differences in floral preference

description: Intraspecific variation in foraging niche can drive food web dynamics and
 ecosystem processes. In particular, male and female animals can exhibit
 different, often cascading, impacts on their interaction partners. Despite
 this, studies of plant-pollinator interaction networks have focused on the
 partitioning of the floral community between pollinator species, with
 little attention paid to intraspecific variation in plant preference
 between male and female bees. We designed a field study to evaluate the
 strength and prevalence of sexually dimorphic foraging, and particularly
 resource preferences, in bees. We observed bees visiting flowers in
 semi-natural meadows in New Jersey, USA. To detect differences in flower
 use against a shared background of resource (flower) availability, we
 maximized the number of interactions observed within narrow
 spatio-temporal windows. To distinguish observed differences in bee use of
 flower species, which can reflect abundance patterns and sampling effects,
 from underlying differences in bee preferences, we analyzed our data with
 both a permutation-based null model and random effects models. We found
 that the diets of male and female bees of the same species were often
 dissimilar as the diets of different species of bees. Furthermore, we
 demonstrate differences in preference between male and female bees. We
 show that intraspecific differences in preference can be robustly
 identified among hundreds of unique species-species interactions, without
 precisely quantifying resource availability, and despite high phenological
 turnover of both bees and plant bloom. Given the large differences in both
 flower use and preferences between male and female bees, ecological sex
 differences should be integrated into studies of bee demography, plant
 pollination, and coevolutionary relationships between flowers and insects.
description: This .zip file contains all the data and code from Roswell et al.
 2019 PLoS One, along with a README file with metadata. The file
 2016_male_bee_dataset.csv contains large, highly resolved bee-plant
 interaction networks. Each sampling round consists of three full days of
 sampling (almost always at least 180 minutes of timed collection), and at
 six of the sites there are five such sampling rounds, with approximately
 10 days between rounds. Observers walked timed, 30-minute transects
 through semi-natural fields and looked into each flower within 1m of the
 transect. Any bee detected was caught, killed, and the species identity of
 the flower it was collected from was recorded. No independent abundance or
 availability data were collected.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9883b80
title: Data from: Differential gene expression in relation to mating system in Peromyscine rodents

description: Behaviors that increase an individual's exposure to pathogens are
 expected to have important effects on immunoactivity. Because sexual
 reproduction typically requires close contact among conspecifics, mating
 systems provide an ideal opportunity to study the immunogenetic correlates
 of behaviors with high versus low risks of pathogen exposure. Despite
 logical links between polygynandrous mating behavior, increased pathogen
 exposure, and greater immunoactivity, these relationships have seldom been
 examined in nonhuman vertebrates. To explore interactions among these
 variables in a different lineage of mammals, we used RNAseq to study the
 gene expression profiles of liver tissue—a highly immunoactive organ—from
 sympatric populations of the monogamous California mouse (Peromyscus
 californicus) and two polygynandrous congeners (P. maniculatus and P.
 boylii). Differential expression and co‐expression analyses revealed
 distinct patterns of gene activity among species, with much of this
 variation associated with differences in mating system. This tendency was
 particularly pronounced for MHC genes, with multiple MHC Class I genes
 being upregulated in the two polygynandrous species, as expected if
 exposure to sexually transmitted pathogens varies with mating system. Our
 results underscore the role of mating behavior in influencing patterns of
 gene expression and highlight the use of emerging transcriptomic tools in
 behavioral studies of free‐living animals.
description: P. maniculatus
 functional GO annotationsThis excel sheet
 contains functional annotations for the P. maniculatus genome. These were
 generated using 'Blast2GO' (Gotz et al., 2008) using the full
 NCBI database.GO_table.csvRNAseq sample informationThis excel sheet specifies the sampling location, sex, and species of the individual RNAseq samples.DRYAD_sample_info.csvRNAseq raw dataBAM files and associated references. SRA accession: PRJNA508392
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fc37vr6
title: Data from: Flirting with danger: predation risk interacts with male condition to influence sexual display

description: Sexual signaling co-evolves with the sensory systems of intended
 receivers; however, predators may be unintended receivers of sexual
 signals. Conspicuous aerial displays in some species may place males at
 high risk of predation from eavesdropping predators. There are three
 different hypotheses to explain how signaling males can deal with
 increased predation risk: (1) males invest in survival by decreasing
 signal conspicuousness; (2) males invest in reproduction by increasing
 signal conspicuousness; and (3) male response is condition-dependent
 according to his residual reproductive value. Here, we used blue-black
 grassquits (Volatinia jacarina) to test these hypotheses, asking whether
 males modify leap displays under different levels of predation risk.
 Grassquit males develop an iridescent nuptial plumage and spend
 considerable time emitting a multimodal signal: while leaping from a
 perch, males clap their wings above their heads and emit a high-pitched
 short song. We exposed males to predator and non-predator playbacks while
 video recording their displays. We found interactions between predation
 risk and two male condition variables (ectoparasite infestation and
 proportion of nuptial plumage coverage) that influenced display behavior.
 Less parasitized males and those with higher proportion of nuptial plumage
 showed no change in display behavior, while more parasitized males and
 those with lower proportion of nuptial plumage increased the vigor of
 displays under predation risk. In other words, males with low residual
 reproductive value increased reproductive effort when there was a high
 risk of extrinsic death. Our study provides some empirical support for the
 terminal investment hypothesis.
description: datasetExcel sheet containing all the data used for the analysis.R codesR codes used for the analysis.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8dt8m8r
title: Data from: Integrating plant species contribution to mycorrhizal and seed dispersal mutualistic networks

description: Mutualistic interactions like those established between plants and
 mycorrhizal fungi or seed dispersers are key drivers of plant population
 dynamics and ecosystem functioning, however, these interactions have
 rarely been explored together. We assembled a tripartite
 fungi-plant-disperser network in the Gorongosa National Park - Mozambique,
 to test 1) if the diversity and importance of plant mutualists above- and
 belowground are correlated, and 2) whether biotically and abiotically
 dispersed plants are associated with similar or distinct arbuscular
 mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities. We quantified seed dispersal by
 animals during one year and characterized the community of 26 common plant
 species. Sixteen plant species were dispersed by 15 animals and colonized
 by 48 AMF virtual taxa (VT), while the remaining ten plant species were
 not dispersed by animals and associated with 34 AMF VT. We found no
 evidence for a correlation between the number of plant partners above- and
 belowground or on plant specialization on both types of partners. We also
 found no evidence for differentiation of AMF communities between
 biotically and abiotically dispersed plants. Altogether, these results
 suggest that the establishment of plant interactions with seed dispersers
 and mycorrhizal fungi are largely independent and that both biotically and
 abiotically dispersed plants seem to associate with similar communities of
 AM fungi.
description: Correia et
 al._Data_RSBL-2018-0770