cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040048
title: Tax incentives as an instrument of environmental policy: an analysis of the Green IPTU on municipalities of Minas Gerais

description: Abstract The Green IPTU is an urban policy that aims to encourage the development of environmentally sustainable actions. In order to know the application of this instrument, in this work we analyzed the legislation of the Green IPTU on the municipalities of Minas Gerais with more than 500 thousand inhabitants: Belo Horizonte, Uberlândia, Contagem and Juiz de Fora. From the analysis of these legislations regarding to objectives, criteria and benefits, it was observed that Belo Horizonte is the only municipality whose objective of the Green IPTU is aimed only at the conservation of native biota. Regarding to the requirements and form of assessment, similarities were found in the laws of Belo Horizonte and Uberlândia, for the protection of native flora, and in the laws of Juiz de Fora and Contagem, for the adoption of sustainable actions and practices. In the analyzed legislation, the benefit occurs through fiscal exemption or discount in the IPTU, with larger discounts directed to a more intense protection of the flora. Although Belo Horizonte is more populous than Uberlândia, it has a smaller number of beneficiaries, which may be associated with the criteria established in its law. In addition, it was noted that the objectives, criteria and benefits of the Green IPTU changed according to the interests of the municipalities and there are no guidelines for the elaboration of this public policy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040048.v1
title: Tax incentives as an instrument of environmental policy: an analysis of the Green IPTU on municipalities of Minas Gerais

description: Abstract The Green IPTU is an urban policy that aims to encourage the development of environmentally sustainable actions. In order to know the application of this instrument, in this work we analyzed the legislation of the Green IPTU on the municipalities of Minas Gerais with more than 500 thousand inhabitants: Belo Horizonte, Uberlândia, Contagem and Juiz de Fora. From the analysis of these legislations regarding to objectives, criteria and benefits, it was observed that Belo Horizonte is the only municipality whose objective of the Green IPTU is aimed only at the conservation of native biota. Regarding to the requirements and form of assessment, similarities were found in the laws of Belo Horizonte and Uberlândia, for the protection of native flora, and in the laws of Juiz de Fora and Contagem, for the adoption of sustainable actions and practices. In the analyzed legislation, the benefit occurs through fiscal exemption or discount in the IPTU, with larger discounts directed to a more intense protection of the flora. Although Belo Horizonte is more populous than Uberlândia, it has a smaller number of beneficiaries, which may be associated with the criteria established in its law. In addition, it was noted that the objectives, criteria and benefits of the Green IPTU changed according to the interests of the municipalities and there are no guidelines for the elaboration of this public policy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040050
title: Spatial analysis methodology for prioritizing the areas of application of Parcelamento, Edificação ou Utilização Compulsórios (PEUC) in urban voids in municipality of Vila Velha, Espírito Santo

description: Abstract The Parcelamento, Edificação ou Utilização Compulsórios) is one of the main urban planning instruments, provided for in Brazilian legislation, with the aim of guaranteeing the fulfillment of the social function of urban property. The absence of legal provisions regarding the definition of prioritization of the universe of properties to be notified, as well as the limited experience of applying the aforementioned instrument, in the country, justify the research. The objective of the research was to define a spatial analysis methodology that would allow the identification and prioritization of areas for application of PEUC in urban voids. The municipality of Vila Velha, located in the metropolitan region of Grande Vitória, in the state of Espírito Santo, was adopted as an object of study. The methodological procedures adopted were the use of Geographic Information Systems articulated with the Multicriteria Analysis methodology and the focus group of experts for the weighting. The results showed that the methodology contributes to the definition of a “spatial-temporal strategy” that guides the application of the PEUC, allowed a detailed spatial analysis of the notifiable universe and the prioritization for the application of the instrument in Vila Velha, as well as the indication that the Municipality efforts can be initiated by Regional Administrative 1 - Center and in lots above 2,000 m².
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040050.v1
title: Spatial analysis methodology for prioritizing the areas of application of Parcelamento, Edificação ou Utilização Compulsórios (PEUC) in urban voids in municipality of Vila Velha, Espírito Santo

description: Abstract The Parcelamento, Edificação ou Utilização Compulsórios) is one of the main urban planning instruments, provided for in Brazilian legislation, with the aim of guaranteeing the fulfillment of the social function of urban property. The absence of legal provisions regarding the definition of prioritization of the universe of properties to be notified, as well as the limited experience of applying the aforementioned instrument, in the country, justify the research. The objective of the research was to define a spatial analysis methodology that would allow the identification and prioritization of areas for application of PEUC in urban voids. The municipality of Vila Velha, located in the metropolitan region of Grande Vitória, in the state of Espírito Santo, was adopted as an object of study. The methodological procedures adopted were the use of Geographic Information Systems articulated with the Multicriteria Analysis methodology and the focus group of experts for the weighting. The results showed that the methodology contributes to the definition of a “spatial-temporal strategy” that guides the application of the PEUC, allowed a detailed spatial analysis of the notifiable universe and the prioritization for the application of the instrument in Vila Velha, as well as the indication that the Municipality efforts can be initiated by Regional Administrative 1 - Center and in lots above 2,000 m².
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040051
title: Impacts of the Land Use and Occupation Law on Socio-Spatial Inequalities of Accessibility to Activities in Fortaleza

description: Abstract The disconnection between land use and transport planning has been identified as one of the main factors for the low and unequal levels of accessibility to activities in Brazilian metropolises. In this article, the impacts of Fortaleza’s urban legislation are analyzed on road density, on land-use diversity, and, consequently, on socio-spatial inequalities in access to activities over the city’s territory. For that, a literature review was initially undergone, addressing studies focused on the relationship between urban accessibility and land-use diversity. Then, Fortaleza’s LUOS (1996) was presented and discussed, allowing to raise empirical hypotheses about the phenomena under study. Finally, the proposed hypotheses were investigated by means of indicators capable of measuring them, supported by diagnostic exploratory analyses of the patterns of spatial dependence observed in the city. In short, the results found in this research indicate that the LUOS (1996), by means of its deliberations, has interfered in the spatial distribution of land use in Fortaleza, not being able, though, to reduce the existing inadequacies and, as a consequence, contributing to maintaining a state of inequality in the accessibility to activities between different socioeconomic groups.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040051.v1
title: Impacts of the Land Use and Occupation Law on Socio-Spatial Inequalities of Accessibility to Activities in Fortaleza

description: Abstract The disconnection between land use and transport planning has been identified as one of the main factors for the low and unequal levels of accessibility to activities in Brazilian metropolises. In this article, the impacts of Fortaleza’s urban legislation are analyzed on road density, on land-use diversity, and, consequently, on socio-spatial inequalities in access to activities over the city’s territory. For that, a literature review was initially undergone, addressing studies focused on the relationship between urban accessibility and land-use diversity. Then, Fortaleza’s LUOS (1996) was presented and discussed, allowing to raise empirical hypotheses about the phenomena under study. Finally, the proposed hypotheses were investigated by means of indicators capable of measuring them, supported by diagnostic exploratory analyses of the patterns of spatial dependence observed in the city. In short, the results found in this research indicate that the LUOS (1996), by means of its deliberations, has interfered in the spatial distribution of land use in Fortaleza, not being able, though, to reduce the existing inadequacies and, as a consequence, contributing to maintaining a state of inequality in the accessibility to activities between different socioeconomic groups.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040054.v1
title: Financial sustainability and the provision of public: an analysis of small brazilian municipalities

description: Abstract In 2019, the Federal Government sent to the Senate the proposal for Amendment to the Constitution No. 188/2019, called PEC of the Federative Pact. Among other measures, the PEC proposes to include a device that obliges municipalities with up to five thousand inhabitants to prove their "financial sustainability", defined as having at least 10% of the revenue total from municipal taxes. This work seeks to assess the municipal level of effectiveness in providing public services and the real need that justifies this proposed amendment, having the small Brazilian municipalities considered of low financial sustainability according to the criteria established by PEC 188/2019 as the universe of analysis. In contrast to the purely demographic and/or tax assessment, three indicators of typically municipal services were analyzed: social assistance, health coverage and school attendance. The three indicators were indexed into groups with Service Quality Index (SQI) for each one. The results show that the public service indicators in municipalities with up to 5,000 inhabitants have similar or, in many cases, even higher performance than the Brazilian municipalities average. The evidence presented allows us to question the validity of the criterion proposed by the PEC, considering that the supposed efficiency and effectiveness in municipal public management is not an exclusive result of the supposed financial sustainability. In conclusion, it seems to be another form of political control manifestation over federative entities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040054
title: Financial sustainability and the provision of public: an analysis of small brazilian municipalities

description: Abstract In 2019, the Federal Government sent to the Senate the proposal for Amendment to the Constitution No. 188/2019, called PEC of the Federative Pact. Among other measures, the PEC proposes to include a device that obliges municipalities with up to five thousand inhabitants to prove their "financial sustainability", defined as having at least 10% of the revenue total from municipal taxes. This work seeks to assess the municipal level of effectiveness in providing public services and the real need that justifies this proposed amendment, having the small Brazilian municipalities considered of low financial sustainability according to the criteria established by PEC 188/2019 as the universe of analysis. In contrast to the purely demographic and/or tax assessment, three indicators of typically municipal services were analyzed: social assistance, health coverage and school attendance. The three indicators were indexed into groups with Service Quality Index (SQI) for each one. The results show that the public service indicators in municipalities with up to 5,000 inhabitants have similar or, in many cases, even higher performance than the Brazilian municipalities average. The evidence presented allows us to question the validity of the criterion proposed by the PEC, considering that the supposed efficiency and effectiveness in municipal public management is not an exclusive result of the supposed financial sustainability. In conclusion, it seems to be another form of political control manifestation over federative entities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040056
title: Analysis of urban configuration influence on spatial distribution of criminality in Cáceres, Mato Grosso

description: Abstract The configuration of built environment can influence spatial distribution of crime in intra-urban space. This work evaluates the relationship between vehicle theft and characteristics of the urban territory in Cáceres, MT. For this, vehicle theft records from the years 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 were related to: land uses; socioeconomic/demographic characteristics; and configuration of the road network. Land use influence was analysed by LQC-Location Quotient Crime that calculate the density of vehicle thefts in the surroundings (0-500m) of different urban equipment (Activity Nodes). The socioeconomic and demographic characteristics from census were related to criminal records through linear regression and the configuration of the territory was evaluated through the spatial syntax using integration and choice metrics. Land use was the main urban feature that influence the distribution of vehicle thefts in Cáceres. The main attracting equipments were: bank agency, sports equipment, schools, parking, bus terminal and universities. The Activity Nodes that prevented crime were: airport, green areas, commercial building and cemeteries. The other variables analyzed, even having linear relationship with vehicle theft, did not indicate a strong influence on the distribution pattern of crime.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040056.v1
title: Analysis of urban configuration influence on spatial distribution of criminality in Cáceres, Mato Grosso

description: Abstract The configuration of built environment can influence spatial distribution of crime in intra-urban space. This work evaluates the relationship between vehicle theft and characteristics of the urban territory in Cáceres, MT. For this, vehicle theft records from the years 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 were related to: land uses; socioeconomic/demographic characteristics; and configuration of the road network. Land use influence was analysed by LQC-Location Quotient Crime that calculate the density of vehicle thefts in the surroundings (0-500m) of different urban equipment (Activity Nodes). The socioeconomic and demographic characteristics from census were related to criminal records through linear regression and the configuration of the territory was evaluated through the spatial syntax using integration and choice metrics. Land use was the main urban feature that influence the distribution of vehicle thefts in Cáceres. The main attracting equipments were: bank agency, sports equipment, schools, parking, bus terminal and universities. The Activity Nodes that prevented crime were: airport, green areas, commercial building and cemeteries. The other variables analyzed, even having linear relationship with vehicle theft, did not indicate a strong influence on the distribution pattern of crime.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040057
title: One year of pandemics: Covid-19 evolution and territorial dispersion in Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre (RMPA)

description: Abstract This article aims to analyze the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic in the context of the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre (RMPA), marked by the metropolitan characteristics of commuting, high population density and concentration of areas with a lack of urban infrastructure. The analysis goes from the disease dispersion process in the region to the behavior of the territorial and demographic characteristics of the RMPA. For this study, data on cases and deaths provided by the Rio Grande do Sul Health Department between March 2020 and April 2021 were used, and these were related to data on commuting by work provided by the IBGE, in order to understand the dispersion of Covid-19, since the association between the urban network and territorial dispersion of Covid-19 expresses the need to understand the relationships between mobility resulting from the work factor. In addition, through microdata from the IBGE Census, a relation between inequality in access to basic services and the spread of the disease was stablished. The research also identified the search for hospital services, the commuting to work and the lack of basic infrastructure in the homes as potential factors for agglomeration and greater spread of the disease. It also reveals the necessary integration between themes related to urban and regional planning and public policies as essential components in contexts of risks to public health.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040057.v1
title: One year of pandemics: Covid-19 evolution and territorial dispersion in Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre (RMPA)

description: Abstract This article aims to analyze the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic in the context of the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre (RMPA), marked by the metropolitan characteristics of commuting, high population density and concentration of areas with a lack of urban infrastructure. The analysis goes from the disease dispersion process in the region to the behavior of the territorial and demographic characteristics of the RMPA. For this study, data on cases and deaths provided by the Rio Grande do Sul Health Department between March 2020 and April 2021 were used, and these were related to data on commuting by work provided by the IBGE, in order to understand the dispersion of Covid-19, since the association between the urban network and territorial dispersion of Covid-19 expresses the need to understand the relationships between mobility resulting from the work factor. In addition, through microdata from the IBGE Census, a relation between inequality in access to basic services and the spread of the disease was stablished. The research also identified the search for hospital services, the commuting to work and the lack of basic infrastructure in the homes as potential factors for agglomeration and greater spread of the disease. It also reveals the necessary integration between themes related to urban and regional planning and public policies as essential components in contexts of risks to public health.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040060
title: Analysis of the real estate exploitation of self-construction in degraded areas: Favela Nova Jaguaré

description: Abstract This work reflects on the vertical growth by self-construction of the favela Nova Jaguaré, as result of the irregular appropriation of undeveloped spaces, in the interstices of social housing projects implemented in the period from 2014 to 2019. Through surveys carried out locally, it presents cartographic information that identifies new occupations and uses located in areas of interstices of social housing projects already implanted in the place. It presents a qualitative study, using bibliographic analysis based on the works of authors such as Reinhard Goethert, Pedro Abramo, Samuel Jaramillo, Nabil Bonduki and Rem Koolhaas among others, in addition to data obtained through on-site surveys and interviews conducted with community leaders. It is based on the concept of Incremental Housing, understood as the progressive housing construction, built in phases, as one of the elements that facilitate the occupation and real estate exploitation of degraded areas. As a result, it points out that such occupations are reflection of several factors, among them: socioeconomic factors, including precarious labor markets; the need to enable better access to urban infrastructure; seamless negotiations in an informal market in addition to the need / possibility to generate an increase in the family budget through self-construction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040060.v1
title: Analysis of the real estate exploitation of self-construction in degraded areas: Favela Nova Jaguaré

description: Abstract This work reflects on the vertical growth by self-construction of the favela Nova Jaguaré, as result of the irregular appropriation of undeveloped spaces, in the interstices of social housing projects implemented in the period from 2014 to 2019. Through surveys carried out locally, it presents cartographic information that identifies new occupations and uses located in areas of interstices of social housing projects already implanted in the place. It presents a qualitative study, using bibliographic analysis based on the works of authors such as Reinhard Goethert, Pedro Abramo, Samuel Jaramillo, Nabil Bonduki and Rem Koolhaas among others, in addition to data obtained through on-site surveys and interviews conducted with community leaders. It is based on the concept of Incremental Housing, understood as the progressive housing construction, built in phases, as one of the elements that facilitate the occupation and real estate exploitation of degraded areas. As a result, it points out that such occupations are reflection of several factors, among them: socioeconomic factors, including precarious labor markets; the need to enable better access to urban infrastructure; seamless negotiations in an informal market in addition to the need / possibility to generate an increase in the family budget through self-construction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040063.v1
title: Socio-spatial pedagogy: an approach by means of games

description: Abstract The paper discusses the emerging concept of socio-spatial pedagogy, placing it on the need for democratization of spatial knowledge, by proposing to shift the debate and critical reflection usually confined in institutions and research centers, which will be understood as matters of public interest, towards informing and qualifying everyday spatial practice. Within the scope of possibilities and practices for socio-spatial pedagogy, it will be presented the experience of a series of four workshops, based on board games, developed by students of architecture and urbanism at the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), to be played with groups of young people living in favelas on the outskirts of Belo Horizonte. The games will be analysed in the light of socio-spatial pedagogy, emphasizing the role of games in the awareness process of the players. The reflection activated by the game takes on a political dimension in so far as it enables the reconfiguration of the relationship between subject and space.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20040063
title: Socio-spatial pedagogy: an approach by means of games

description: Abstract The paper discusses the emerging concept of socio-spatial pedagogy, placing it on the need for democratization of spatial knowledge, by proposing to shift the debate and critical reflection usually confined in institutions and research centers, which will be understood as matters of public interest, towards informing and qualifying everyday spatial practice. Within the scope of possibilities and practices for socio-spatial pedagogy, it will be presented the experience of a series of four workshops, based on board games, developed by students of architecture and urbanism at the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), to be played with groups of young people living in favelas on the outskirts of Belo Horizonte. The games will be analysed in the light of socio-spatial pedagogy, emphasizing the role of games in the awareness process of the players. The reflection activated by the game takes on a political dimension in so far as it enables the reconfiguration of the relationship between subject and space.