cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772153
title: Analysis of the efficiency of first-order decay models in forecasting greenhouse gas emission in Brazilian sanitary landfills

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of first-order models for prediction of biogas emission in landfills, comparing forecasts with observations registered along the years of landfill operation. The landfills analyzed in this research operate within Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) that may receive financial incentives - certified emission reductions or carbon credits. Four Brazilian landfills (Nova Iguaçu, Paulinia, Caieiras and Bandeirantes) have been selected, for which the annual quantities of waste actually deposited during the first seven-year period of carbon credits were available, thus eliminating a major source of uncertainty in the forecasting models. Limitations of the models of the first order recommended by the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are discussed, including intrinsic errors in the mathematical formulation and misinterpretation of the starting time for prediction of biogas emission. It is also proposed a modification in the CDM Tool model, currently used for biogas emission in solid waste deposits operating as CDM projects.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772153.v1
title: Analysis of the efficiency of first-order decay models in forecasting greenhouse gas emission in Brazilian sanitary landfills

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of first-order models for prediction of biogas emission in landfills, comparing forecasts with observations registered along the years of landfill operation. The landfills analyzed in this research operate within Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) that may receive financial incentives - certified emission reductions or carbon credits. Four Brazilian landfills (Nova Iguaçu, Paulinia, Caieiras and Bandeirantes) have been selected, for which the annual quantities of waste actually deposited during the first seven-year period of carbon credits were available, thus eliminating a major source of uncertainty in the forecasting models. Limitations of the models of the first order recommended by the guidelines of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are discussed, including intrinsic errors in the mathematical formulation and misinterpretation of the starting time for prediction of biogas emission. It is also proposed a modification in the CDM Tool model, currently used for biogas emission in solid waste deposits operating as CDM projects.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772150
title: A fatal and metabolic experimental hemorrhagic shock in immature swine

description: Abstract Purpose: To use blood lactate (BL) as an end-point metabolic marker for the begin resuscitation of volume replacement in experimental hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Group I (n=7) was not bled (Control). Animals in Group II (n=7) were bled to a MAP of 30mmHg in thirty minutes. Hemodynamic and metabolic data were recorded at Baseline, at 30, 60 and 120 minutes after Baseline. The animals were intubated in spontaneous breathing (FIO2=0.21) with halothane. Results: Group I all survived. In Group II all died; no mortality occurred before a BL&lt;10mM/L. Beyond the end-point all animals exhibited severe acidemia, hyperventilation and clinical signs of shock. Without treatment all animals died within 70.43±24.51 min of hypotension shortly after reaching an average level of BL 17.01±3.20mM/L. Conclusions: Swine’s breathing room air spontaneously in hemorrhagic shock not treated a blood lactate over 10mM/L results fatal. The predictable outcome of this shock model is expected to produce consistent information based on possible different metabolic and hemodynamic patterns as far as the type of fluid and the timing of resuscitation in near fatal hemorrhagic shock.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772150.v1
title: A fatal and metabolic experimental hemorrhagic shock in immature swine

description: Abstract Purpose: To use blood lactate (BL) as an end-point metabolic marker for the begin resuscitation of volume replacement in experimental hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Group I (n=7) was not bled (Control). Animals in Group II (n=7) were bled to a MAP of 30mmHg in thirty minutes. Hemodynamic and metabolic data were recorded at Baseline, at 30, 60 and 120 minutes after Baseline. The animals were intubated in spontaneous breathing (FIO2=0.21) with halothane. Results: Group I all survived. In Group II all died; no mortality occurred before a BL&lt;10mM/L. Beyond the end-point all animals exhibited severe acidemia, hyperventilation and clinical signs of shock. Without treatment all animals died within 70.43±24.51 min of hypotension shortly after reaching an average level of BL 17.01±3.20mM/L. Conclusions: Swine’s breathing room air spontaneously in hemorrhagic shock not treated a blood lactate over 10mM/L results fatal. The predictable outcome of this shock model is expected to produce consistent information based on possible different metabolic and hemodynamic patterns as far as the type of fluid and the timing of resuscitation in near fatal hemorrhagic shock.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772144
title: Pulmonary atelectasis in newborns with clinically treatable diseases who are on mechanical ventilation: clinical and radiological aspects

description: Abstract Objective: To analyze the radiological aspects of pulmonary atelectasis in newborns on mechanical ventilation and treated in an intensive care unit, associating the characteristics of atelectasis with the positioning of the head and endotracheal tube seen on the chest X-ray, as well as with the clinical variables. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 60 newborns treated between 1985 and 2015. Data were collected from medical records and radiology reports. To identify associations between variables, we used Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results: The clinical characteristics associated with improper positioning of the endotracheal tube were prematurity and a birth weight of less than 1000 g. Among the newborns evaluated, the most common comorbidity was hyaline membrane disease. Atelectasis was seen most frequently in the right upper lobe, although cases of total atelectasis were more common in the left lung. Malpositioning of the head showed a trend toward an association with atelectasis in the left upper lobe. Conclusion: Pulmonary atelectasis is a common complication in newborns on mechanical ventilation. Radiological evaluation of the endotracheal tube placement provides relevant information for the early correction of this condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772144.v1
title: Pulmonary atelectasis in newborns with clinically treatable diseases who are on mechanical ventilation: clinical and radiological aspects

description: Abstract Objective: To analyze the radiological aspects of pulmonary atelectasis in newborns on mechanical ventilation and treated in an intensive care unit, associating the characteristics of atelectasis with the positioning of the head and endotracheal tube seen on the chest X-ray, as well as with the clinical variables. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 60 newborns treated between 1985 and 2015. Data were collected from medical records and radiology reports. To identify associations between variables, we used Fisher's exact test. The level of significance was set at p &lt; 0.05. Results: The clinical characteristics associated with improper positioning of the endotracheal tube were prematurity and a birth weight of less than 1000 g. Among the newborns evaluated, the most common comorbidity was hyaline membrane disease. Atelectasis was seen most frequently in the right upper lobe, although cases of total atelectasis were more common in the left lung. Malpositioning of the head showed a trend toward an association with atelectasis in the left upper lobe. Conclusion: Pulmonary atelectasis is a common complication in newborns on mechanical ventilation. Radiological evaluation of the endotracheal tube placement provides relevant information for the early correction of this condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772141
title: Magnetic topology with axial flux concentration: a technique to improve permanent-magnet motor performance

description: Abstract This article presents a different topology for the magnetic circuit of permanent-magnet motors, using the concept of Axial Flux Concentration. By means of longitudinal extension of the rotor length beyond the stator core, a substantial increase in the flux per pole is enabled, improving the general performance of the machine. Even in low cost motors with ferrite magnets, this improvement is easily achieved utilizing the proposed scheme. With rare-earth magnets this technique permits a higher torque density, contributing to the compactness of the machine. This configuration is suitable for several magnetic topologies, but particularly for small diameter and low pole number permanent-magnet motors of the embedded-magnet type. The proposed topology is briefly described and the theoretical aspects presented. It is shown that, from the stator point of view, this scheme behaves like a conventional motor with fictitious equivalent magnets with augmented remanent flux density and recoil permeability. A 3D finite element modeling is performed to validate the theoretical analysis permitting some additional conclusions concerning magnetic saturation. The methodology is applied to a prototype DC brushless motor constructed for research purposes, composed of a stator and two rotors of different lengths, both with embedded NdFeB magnets. Various characteristics are compared, concerning flux per pole, torque, power density and efficiency. The improvement in the performance of the axial flux concentration rotor is confirmed by experimental results, in accordance with the theoretical previsions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772141.v1
title: Magnetic topology with axial flux concentration: a technique to improve permanent-magnet motor performance

description: Abstract This article presents a different topology for the magnetic circuit of permanent-magnet motors, using the concept of Axial Flux Concentration. By means of longitudinal extension of the rotor length beyond the stator core, a substantial increase in the flux per pole is enabled, improving the general performance of the machine. Even in low cost motors with ferrite magnets, this improvement is easily achieved utilizing the proposed scheme. With rare-earth magnets this technique permits a higher torque density, contributing to the compactness of the machine. This configuration is suitable for several magnetic topologies, but particularly for small diameter and low pole number permanent-magnet motors of the embedded-magnet type. The proposed topology is briefly described and the theoretical aspects presented. It is shown that, from the stator point of view, this scheme behaves like a conventional motor with fictitious equivalent magnets with augmented remanent flux density and recoil permeability. A 3D finite element modeling is performed to validate the theoretical analysis permitting some additional conclusions concerning magnetic saturation. The methodology is applied to a prototype DC brushless motor constructed for research purposes, composed of a stator and two rotors of different lengths, both with embedded NdFeB magnets. Various characteristics are compared, concerning flux per pole, torque, power density and efficiency. The improvement in the performance of the axial flux concentration rotor is confirmed by experimental results, in accordance with the theoretical previsions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772138
title: Microwave Measurements of Dielectric Properties of Corn Vegetation at C-Band and Comparison with Debye- Cole Dual Dispersion Model

description: Abstract Microwave irradiations from vegetation canopy are strongly influenced by its dielectric properties and give useful information for microwave remote sensing -interpretation and applications. This paper reports on the laboratory measurements of dielectric properties of corn vegetation at C-Band frequency. Von Hipple method is used to measure complex dielectric properties using automated C-Band microwave bench set up. The least square fitting technique is used to calculate dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε″) and errors in their measurements. The measured data is compared with Debye-Cole Dual Dispersion model. Emissivity and radiometric brightness temperature are theoretically estimated from measured dielectric properties at different angles of incidence for dry and moist corn leaves using Fresnel equations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772138.v1
title: Microwave Measurements of Dielectric Properties of Corn Vegetation at C-Band and Comparison with Debye- Cole Dual Dispersion Model

description: Abstract Microwave irradiations from vegetation canopy are strongly influenced by its dielectric properties and give useful information for microwave remote sensing -interpretation and applications. This paper reports on the laboratory measurements of dielectric properties of corn vegetation at C-Band frequency. Von Hipple method is used to measure complex dielectric properties using automated C-Band microwave bench set up. The least square fitting technique is used to calculate dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε″) and errors in their measurements. The measured data is compared with Debye-Cole Dual Dispersion model. Emissivity and radiometric brightness temperature are theoretically estimated from measured dielectric properties at different angles of incidence for dry and moist corn leaves using Fresnel equations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772135
title: Extrinsic functional connectivity of the default mode network in crack-cocaine users

description: Abstract Objective: This study aimed to explore the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) in crack-cocaine users, in comparison with that observed in age-matched non-drug-using controls. Materials and Methods: Inpatient crack-cocaine users who had been abstinent for at least four weeks and age-matched non-drug-using controls underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Images were acquired while the subjects rested with their eyes closed. After data preprocessing, DMNs were defined by spatial independent component analysis and seed-based correlation analysis, by chosen regions of interest centered in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex and in the posterior cingulate cortex. Results: The functional connectivity of the DMN determined by independent component analysis did not differ between the crack-cocaine users and the controls. However, the seed-based correlation analysis seeking a single metric of functional connectivity between specific brain regions showed that the negative connectivity between the ventral anterior cingulate cortex and the left superior parietal lobule was significantly greater in the crack-cocaine users than in the controls. Conclusion: The results suggest that selective extrinsic network connectivity of the DMN related to motor and executive function is impaired during crack-cocaine addiction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772135.v1
title: Extrinsic functional connectivity of the default mode network in crack-cocaine users

description: Abstract Objective: This study aimed to explore the functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) in crack-cocaine users, in comparison with that observed in age-matched non-drug-using controls. Materials and Methods: Inpatient crack-cocaine users who had been abstinent for at least four weeks and age-matched non-drug-using controls underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Images were acquired while the subjects rested with their eyes closed. After data preprocessing, DMNs were defined by spatial independent component analysis and seed-based correlation analysis, by chosen regions of interest centered in the ventral anterior cingulate cortex and in the posterior cingulate cortex. Results: The functional connectivity of the DMN determined by independent component analysis did not differ between the crack-cocaine users and the controls. However, the seed-based correlation analysis seeking a single metric of functional connectivity between specific brain regions showed that the negative connectivity between the ventral anterior cingulate cortex and the left superior parietal lobule was significantly greater in the crack-cocaine users than in the controls. Conclusion: The results suggest that selective extrinsic network connectivity of the DMN related to motor and executive function is impaired during crack-cocaine addiction.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772132
title: Non-Destructive Model to Predict Commelina diffusa Leaf Area

description: ABSTRACT: Leaf length (L), leaf width (W), and leaf area (LA) were measured from 100 leaves aiming to determine a simple linear equation (Y=a*X) to predict the leaf area of Commelina diffusa, an important weed infesting annual and perennial crops in Brazil and worldwide. Results indicate the equation LA=0.7*LW reliably estimates the leaf area of C. diffusa, after correlating LA with LW, and then validating that equation by analyzing four new 25-leaf samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772132.v1
title: Non-Destructive Model to Predict Commelina diffusa Leaf Area

description: ABSTRACT: Leaf length (L), leaf width (W), and leaf area (LA) were measured from 100 leaves aiming to determine a simple linear equation (Y=a*X) to predict the leaf area of Commelina diffusa, an important weed infesting annual and perennial crops in Brazil and worldwide. Results indicate the equation LA=0.7*LW reliably estimates the leaf area of C. diffusa, after correlating LA with LW, and then validating that equation by analyzing four new 25-leaf samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772126
title: The Effect of Electroless Bath Parameters and Heat Treatment on the Properties of Ni-P and Ni-P-Cu Composite Coatings

description: Ni-P-(Cu) composite coatings were applied on a St37 steel in an acidic bath of hypophosphite composite. The effect of the concentration of the Cu particles and pH of the solutionon the amount of Ni and P of the coatings, their morphology, and hardness of the coatings were explored. Some of the coated samples were also heat treated at 400ºC for 1 hour. The phases formed, the microstructure and the amount of the alloying elements of the coatings were analyzed by X-Ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) equiped with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Results show that although adding Cu particles reduced the hardness of Ni-P coating (from 482.4 to 351.2 VH in 1 gr/lit Cu), within Ni-P-Cu composite coatings the hardness of Ni-P-Cu composite coating increased from 351.2 to 380.7 VH by increasing the Cu particles from 1 to 7 gr/lit. The structure of the coating was crystalline during the heat treatment making the coating harder. With increasing the pH of the solution from 4.5 to 7 and then to 9, the weight percent of P and the particle of Cu were reduced.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772123
title: Suppression of Maize (Zea mays) Seedling Growth by Invasive Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) Residues

description: ABSTRACT: To investigate the allelopathic influence of soil incorporated plant residues of alligatorweed on emergence and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays), an experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions in the 2014-15 period. The effect of soil amended with whole plant residues of alligatorweed at different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% on w/w basis) was compared with residue free soil (control). Emergence traits, such as emergence percentage, time to 50% emergence, mean emergence time and emergence index were negatively influenced by weed residue incorporation as compared with weed residue free soil. Alligatorweed residues also exerted a pronounced negative influence on root and shoot lengths, root and shoot dry weights and seedling vigor index of the maize crop. The results revealed that the inhibitory effect was directly proportional to the increasing concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%) of the weed residues as compared to control treatment. It was observed that soil infested with 4% and 5% residues of alligatorweed caused a maximum reduction in emergence (76-87%), root and shoot lengths (58-73% and 42-61%), root and shoot dry weights (49-58% and 40-48%) and seedling vigor index (87-95%) of the maize crop. Chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid, trans-4-hydroxy 3-methoxy cinnamic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, querceitin and syringic acid were identified as water soluble phenolics in alligatorweed residue soil saturated solution. This study indicates that the allelopathic potential of alligatorweed may play an important role in suppressing maize seedling growth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772120
title: Box-Behnken design for COD removal of textile wastewater using electrocoagulation with pulsed DC

description: ABSTRACT The effective and economically viable removal of industrial wastewater pollutants is still a challenge. Thus, this study proposed to investigate the electrocoagulation technology (EC) for the treatment of textile effluent using pulsed direct current (CCP). The methodology of Box-Behnken response surface was used to analyze and optimize the operating conditions, aimed at maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The experiments were performed with a reaction volume of 2.6 L in batch mode. Based on these results, the optimal configuration was: agitation speed = 200 rpm, frequency of pulses = 1,000 Hz and spacing between electrodes = 1 mm, in 50 minutes of EC. Under these conditions it was obtained a COD removal of 81.23% (remainder value of 152 mg O2.L-1). In addition, it was found that the EC process is also effective for reduction of color, turbidity, total suspended solids, sulfate and sulfide. The concentration of chloride ions was not modified during the EC, presenting itself as a favorable aspect for the reuse of treated wastewater in the textile production process itself, which demands a high concentration of NaCl.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5772123.v1
title: Suppression of Maize (Zea mays) Seedling Growth by Invasive Alligatorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides) Residues

description: ABSTRACT: To investigate the allelopathic influence of soil incorporated plant residues of alligatorweed on emergence and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays), an experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions in the 2014-15 period. The effect of soil amended with whole plant residues of alligatorweed at different concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% on w/w basis) was compared with residue free soil (control). Emergence traits, such as emergence percentage, time to 50% emergence, mean emergence time and emergence index were negatively influenced by weed residue incorporation as compared with weed residue free soil. Alligatorweed residues also exerted a pronounced negative influence on root and shoot lengths, root and shoot dry weights and seedling vigor index of the maize crop. The results revealed that the inhibitory effect was directly proportional to the increasing concentrations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%) of the weed residues as compared to control treatment. It was observed that soil infested with 4% and 5% residues of alligatorweed caused a maximum reduction in emergence (76-87%), root and shoot lengths (58-73% and 42-61%), root and shoot dry weights (49-58% and 40-48%) and seedling vigor index (87-95%) of the maize crop. Chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid, trans-4-hydroxy 3-methoxy cinnamic acid, gallic acid, p-coumaric acid, querceitin and syringic acid were identified as water soluble phenolics in alligatorweed residue soil saturated solution. This study indicates that the allelopathic potential of alligatorweed may play an important role in suppressing maize seedling growth.