DOI: 10.3886/icpsr02443.v1
title: Eurobarometer 44.3OVR: Employment, Unemployment, and Gender Equality, February-April 1996
title: Version 1

description: This round of Eurobarometer surveys queried respondents on
 a few standard Eurobarometer measures such as whether they attempted
 to persuade others close to them to share their views on subjects they
 held strong opinions about, whether they discussed political matters,
 and how they viewed the need for societal change, but the primary
 focus of the surveys was on employment, unemployment, and gender
 equality. During the fieldwork for Eurobarometer 44.3 (see
 EUROBAROMETER 44.3: HEALTH CARE ISSUES AND PUBLIC SECURITY,
 FEBRUARY-APRIL 1996 [ICPSR 6752]), an oversample (approximately 300
 per country) of unemployed persons and housewives/househusbands, aged
 15 years and over, was added to the basic sample and subsequently
 administered an additional set of questions. Students and retired were
 excluded from the oversample. Respondents who were employed or
 self-employed were asked questions concerning their job titles, the
 ratio of women to men holding the same title, number of people
 employed at their workplaces, how long they were continuously
 employed/self-employed, how they found out about their jobs, the type
 of organizations for which they worked, the number of hours worked,
 job satisfaction, the type of communication equipment used, and the
 circumstances under which they would reduce their hours or take unpaid
 leave. Employed and self-employed respondents were asked about the
 pay, training, skill level, variety, amount, pressure, and interest
 involved in their work. They also compared their jobs with jobs they
 were doing five years ago. Non-self-employed workers provided
 additional information regarding their level of involvement in
 decisions that affected their jobs, existence of promotional
 opportunities, indices of pay raises or dismissal, likelihood of
 leaving their jobs, and commitment to their current employers.
 Questions posed to unemployed respondents covered how long they had
 been unemployed, their former occupation, reasons for leaving their
 last position, and whether they had received any compensation. They
 were also asked if they were looking for a job, what approaches they
 used to find a job, the amount of time spent looking for a job,
 problems in trying to find a job, whether they would consider a
 position requiring different skills, a lower level of skills, worse
 physical conditions, or different hours, or if they would relocate.
 These respondents also indicated whether they had experienced boredom,
 depression, family tensions, loss of self-confidence, not enough
 money, increased difficulty in rearing children, or lack of contact
 with people as a result of being unemployed. All respondents were
 asked questions concerning gender equality. Respondents were asked to
 assess the current work situation for women with respect to wages, job
 security, promotional opportunities, and the number and variety of
 jobs available. Respondents were also asked to evaluate reasons why
 women less often held positions of responsibility and to prioritize
 areas of action to be taken to remedy existing
 inequalities. Respondents also rated the impact of women's working on
 the well-being of men, children, women, families, and
 couples. Demographic data collected on respondents include gender,
 age, nationality, marital status, occupation, income, left-right
 political self-placement, age at completion of education, number of
 people in household, number of children under 15 in household,
subjective size of community, and region of residence.
description: Multistage national probability samples.
description: Datasets: 
DS1: Eurobarometer 44.3OVR: Employment, Unemployment, and Gender Equality, February-April 1996
description: Citizens of the EU, aged 15 and over, residing in the 15
 EU member countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France,
 Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.
description: (1) An oversample (approximately 300 per country) of
 unemployed persons and housewives/househusbands, aged 15 years and
 over, was added to the basic sample drawn for Eurobarometer 44.3
 (ICPSR 6752) and subsequently administered an additional set of
 questions. Students and retired persons were excluded from the
 oversample. Also, there was no oversample for Luxembourg and Northern
 Ireland, and 14 cases from Luxembourg and 2 cases from Northern
 Ireland were dropped. (2) Three respondents (ICPSR CASE ID 18571,
 18607, and 19299) with non-EU nationalities were permitted to complete
 interviews. If desired, these cases can be excluded from analysis. (3)
 The code 13 ("Not applicable -- self-employed") for the variable V92
 (Q.16) does not correspond with the distribution of code 01
 ("Self-employed") for the variable V67 (Q.8). (4) Some cases coded as
 0 ("NA") in V140-V144 (Q.25A) were allowed to be asked Q.25B while
 others were not. (5) The distribution of the variable V273 (Q.64) is
 not logically consistent with the distribution of V210 (Q.43). (6) The
 complete questionnaire is being provided for both Eurobarometer 44.3
 (ICPSR 6752) and Eurobarometer 44.3OVR (ICPSR 2443). Response data,
 however, are divided between the two studies in the following manner:
 EB44.3: Q.1 to Q.4B, Q.5B, Q.111 to Q.155, demographic and protocol
 questions, and EB44.3OVR: Q.1 to Q.110, demographic and protocol
 questions. (7) The fieldwork dates in the data file for Ireland, Great
 Britain, Northern Ireland, and Sweden are not consistent with
 fieldwork dates provided by INRA (Europe) in the technical
 specification attached to the questionnaire. (8) The codebook is
 provided by ICPSR as an ASCII text file and as a Portable Document
 Format (PDF) file, and the data collection instrument is provided by
 ZA as a PDF file. The PDF file format was developed by Adobe Systems
 Incorporated and can be accessed using PDF reader software, such as
 the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the
Acrobat Reader is provided on the ICPSR Web site.