cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d51c5b07r
title: Above and belowground functional community variation in sandy dunes

description: The role of plant traits in shaping community assembly along environmental
 gradients is a topic of ongoing research. It is well accepted that plant
 traits of aboveground organs tend to be conservative in stressful
 conditions. However, there is limited understanding of how belowground
 traits respond. Plants may have similar strategies above and belowground,
 but an intriguing possibility is that there is a trade-off between above
 and belowground traits of communities to both ensure efficient
 resource-use and limit niche overlap along the gradient. To test this, we
 asked whether the response of above and belowground traits of communities
 is coordinated or not along a stress gradient in Mediterranean sand dune
 communities. We analyzed 80 vegetation plots in Central Italy to test for
 coordinated vs independent patterns in above vs belowground plant traits
 using community weighted mean and standardized effect size of functional
 richness. Our results show that plant communities close to the sea, which
 experience high stress, were characterized by high convergence towards
 aboveground resource conservation and conservative water-use strategies
 but belowground resource acquisition, consistent with a strong effect of
 habitat filtering and an above-belowground tradeoff favoring adaptation to
 harsh and dry conditions.  At the opposite end of the gradient
 with lower stress, plants exhibited higher trait diversity for both above
 and belowground traits, but overall a dominance of aboveground fast
 resource acquisition and generally acquisitive water-use strategies,
 combined with conservative fine-root traits. This suggests that fast
 growth rate aboveground was compensated by more conservative fine-root
 strategies, but processes such as competition limited niche overlap
 overall. Our findings provide new insights into the relationship between
 functional traits and environmental gradients in plant communities,
 shedding light on the trade-offs between the above and belowground
 dimensions.
description: List of units for all the selected plant traits present in the
 dataset:<br>plant height (H) : m<br>specific leaf area (SLA) :
 mm2/g<br>seed mass (SM) : g<br>specific root lenght (SRL):
 cm/mg<br>root tissue density (RTD) : mg/cm3<br>belowground
 organ water content (BOWC) : %
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4b8gththw
title: Data for: Dietary nucleotides can prevent glucocorticoid-induced telomere attrition in a fast-growing wild vertebrate

description: Telomeres are chromosome protectors that shorten during eukaryotic cell
 replication and in stressful conditions. Developing individuals are
 susceptible to telomere erosion when their growth is fast and resources
 are limited. This is critical because the rate of telomere attrition in
 early life is linked to health and life span of adults. The metabolic
 telomere attrition hypothesis (MeTA) suggests that telomere dynamics can
 respond to biochemical signals conveying information about the
 organism's energetic state. Among these signals are glucocorticoids,
 hormones that promote catabolic processes, potentially impairing costly
 telomere maintenance, and nucleotides, which activate anabolic pathways
 through the cellular enzyme target of rapamycin (TOR), thus preventing
 telomere attrition. During the energetically demanding growth phase, the
 regulation of telomeres in response to two contrasting signals—one
 promoting telomere maintenance and the other attrition—provides an ideal
 experimental setting to test the MeTa. We studied nestlings of a rapidly
 developing free-living passerine, the great tit (Parus major), that either
 received glucocorticoids (Cort-chicks), nucleotides (Nuc-chicks), or a
 combination of both (NucCort-chicks), comparing these with controls
 (Cnt-chicks). As expected, Cort-chicks showed telomere attrition, while
 NucCort- and Nuc-chicks did not. NucCort-chicks was the only group showing
 increased expression of a proxy for TOR activation (the
 gene telo2), of mitochondrial enzymes linked to ATP production
 (cytochrome oxidase and ATP-synthase) and a higher efficiency in
 aerobically producing ATP. NucCort-chicks had also a higher expression of
 telomere maintenance genes (shelterin protein TERF2 and telomerase TERT)
 and of enzymatic antioxidant genes (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide
 dismutase). The findings show that nucleotide availability is crucial for
 preventing telomere erosion during fast growth in stressful environments.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pg4f4qrvv
title: Higher predation rate need not and did not lead to higher risk-induced trait responses in related zooplankton species

description: Predators can directly affect prey populations both through predation
 (consumption of prey) and risk-induced trait responses (RITRs) that reduce
 predation risk but are often associated with a fitness cost. Thousands of
 studies make clear that RITRs (also termed anti-predator or defensive
 traits) including changes in behavior, morphology, and life history, are
 employed by numerous taxa across diverse ecological systems, and there is
 large variation in their magnitude. A natural goal is to elucidate the
 species and circumstances for which and to what magnitude RITRs are
 expected. A candidate hypothesis is that prey species that experience
 higher mortality from a predator will exhibit a higher RITR. This
 hypothesis is an intuitive extension of the fact that invulnerable animals
 are not expected to exhibit an RITR, while vulnerable species are. We
 present an example that clarifies why this relationship is not always
 expected and when it is expected. Other factors may influence the level of
 the RITR leading to the possibility that a positive relationship is not
 expected. We elucidate this problem using a mesocosm experiment with a
 fish-cladoceran system in which there is large variability in the
 predation rate on different cladoceran species. Results not only did not
 show a positive relationship but rather a negative trend between predation
 rate and the RITR. In fact, highly-preyed-upon taxa did not respond, while
 the least-preyed-upon taxa had the largest responses. These results
 clarify how the level of predation risk interacts with many factors to
 determine the RITR of prey.
description: See methods section in article. 
description: Data files are .csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.w0vt4b8x5
title: Slow heating rates increase thermal tolerance and alter mRNA HSP expression in juvenile white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus)

description: Freshwater fish such as white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) are
 particularly vulnerable to the effects of anthropogenically induced global
 warming. Critical thermal maximum tests (CTmax) are often conducted to
 provide insight of the impacts of changing temperatures; however, little
 is known about how the rate of temperature increase in these assays
 affects thermal tolerance. To assess the effect of heating rate
 (0.3°C/min, 0.03°C/min, 0.003°C/min) we measured thermal tolerance,
 somatic indices, and Hsp mRNA expression. Contrary to what has been
 observed in most other fish species, white sturgeon thermal tolerance was
 highest at the slowest heating rate of 0.003°C/min, suggesting an ability
 to rapidly acclimate to slowly increasing temperatures. Hepatosomatic
 index decreased in all heating rates relative to control fish, indicative
 of the metabolic costs of thermal stress. At the transcriptional level,
 slower heating rates resulted in higher mRNA expression of Hsp90a, Hsp90b,
 and Hsp70. Hsp70 mRNA expression was increased in all heating rates
 relative to controls, whereas expression of Hsp90a and Hsp90b mRNA only
 increased in the two slower trials. Together these data indicate that
 white sturgeon have a very plastic thermal response, which is likely
 energetically costly to induce. Acute temperature changes may be more
 detrimental to sturgeon as they struggle to acclimate to rapid changes in
 their environment, however under slower warming rates they demonstrate
 strong thermal plasticity to warming.
DOI: 10.6086/d1xh5h
title: Dataset of: Using random forest for brain tissue identification by Raman spectroscopy

description: The traditional definitive diagnosis of brain tumors is performed by
 needle biopsy under the guidance of imaging-based exams. This
 paradigm is based on the experience of radiogolists, and accuracy
 could be affected by uncertainty in imaging interpretation and
 needle placement. Raman spectroscopy has the potential to improve
 needle biopsy by providing fingerprints of different materials
 and performing in situ tissue identification. In this paper, we
 present the development of a supervised machine learning algorithm using
 random forest to distinguish the Raman spectrum of different
 types of tissue. An integral process from raw data collection and
 preprocessing to model training and evaluation is presented. To
 illustrate the feasibility of this approach, viable animal
 tissues were used, including ectocinerea (grey matter), alba
 (white matter) and blood vessels. Raman spectra were acquired using a
 custom-built Raman spectrometer. The hyperparameters of the random forest
 model were determined by combining a cross-validation-based
 algorithm and manually adjusting. The experimental results show
 the ability of our approach to discriminate different types of tissues
 with high accuracy.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2z34tmprn
title: Data for: Social assessment of miscanthus cultivation in Croatia: Assessing farmers’ preferences and willingness to cultivate the crop

description: Social aspects of miscanthus cultivation have been investigated in a
 limited way in the scientific literature. Adopting existing frameworks for
 Social Life-Cycle Assessment enables assessments to include numerous
 social aspects; however, the relevance of these aspects depends on the
 local context. This study aims to identify the most relevant social
 aspects from the farmers’ perspective using a previously proposed
 framework for the assessment of the stakeholder 'farmer'. It is
 based on a case study of miscanthus production in Sisak Moslavina in
 Croatia. The existence of abandoned lands in Croatia presents an
 opportunity for the cultivation of miscanthus as a potential source of
 biomass for the production of bio-based materials and fuels. The study
 seeks to assess the feasibility of cultivating miscanthus in the region,
 taking into account potential challenges and opportunities, as well as the
 farmers’ willingness to adopt the crop, and to understand the reasons
 behind land abandonment. We conducted a survey among 44 farmers in the
 region and used a scoring method to identify the most relevant social
 aspects. The aspects most valued by the farmers were: health and safety,
 access to water, land consolidation and rights, income and local
 employment, and food security. Responses to the question of whether they
 would adopt the crop highlight the importance of an established market,
 good trading conditions and profitability of cultivation. The survey also
 enabled an understanding of farmers’ preferences with respect to the
 production conditions of crops. The farmers regarded the provision of
 subsidies as one of the main factors that render a crop attractive.
 Opportunities for the adoption of miscanthus cultivation include high
 yields and low input requirements. Barriers include land conflicts and
 land availability. Despite the opportunities for miscanthus development in
 the region, there are important challenges to consider for successful
 implementation of the crop.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g1jwstqw9
title: Prescribed fire is an effective restoration measure for increasing boreal fungal diversity

description: Intensive forestry practices have had a negative impact on boreal forest
 biodiversity, subsequently, the need for restoration is pressing.
 Polypores (wood-inhabiting fungi) are key decomposers of dead-wood, but
 due to the lack of coarse woody debris (CWD) in forest ecosystems, many
 species are threatened. Here, we study the long-term effects on polypore
 diversity of two restoration treatments; creating CWD by felling whole
 trees and prescribed burning. This large-scale experiment is located in
 spruce-dominated boreal forests in southern Finland. The experiment has a
 factorial design (n=3) including three levels of created CWD (5, 30 and 60
 m3 ha-1) crossed with burning or no burning. In 2018, 16 years after the
 initiation, we inventoried polypores on ten experimentally cut logs and
 ten naturally fallen logs per stand. We found that overall polypore
 community composition differed between burned and unburned stands.
 However, only red-listed species' abundances and richness were
 positively affected by prescribed burning. We found no effects of CWD
 levels created mechanically by felling of trees. We show, for the first
 time, that prescribed burning is an effective measure for restoring
 polypore diversity in late-successional Norway spruce forest. Burning
 creates CWD with certain characteristics that differ from what is created
 by CWD-restoration by felling trees. Prescribed burning promotes primarily
 red-listed species, demonstrating its effectiveness as a restoration
 measure to promote diversity of threatened polypore species in boreal
 forest. However, as the CWD that the burning creates will decrease over
 time, to be functional, prescribed burns need to be applied regularly at
 the landscape scale. Large-scale and long-term experimental studies, such
 as this one, are invaluable for establishing evidence-based restoration
 strategies.
description: The data was collected on site in a field survey. Identified on
 site by researchers.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vdncjsz0m
title: Data for: Preceramic polymer assisted nucleation and growth of copper sulfide nanoplates

description: In this work, a novel synthesis technique is presented in which a
 functionalized pre-ceramic polymer is used to stably assist the formation
 of a copper sulfide nanoplate and act as the end graft molecule in a
 one-pot approach. This is significant, as it offers a one-pot nanofiller
 precursor synthesis that should more easily disperse into similar
 preceramic polymer polysiloxane matrices than conventional nanoparticles
 for advanced polymer-derived ceramic nanocomposite formation. We have used
 a wide range of characterization techniques to probe the nanoparticle core
 formed in the synthesis, the final graft molecule, and the role of the
 pre-ceramic polymer during synthesis. This includes synchrotorn X-ray
 difffraction and pair distribution functions, transmission electron
 microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, in-situ small-angle
 X-ray scattering, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. All of
 which are included in this data repository, labeled with the figure
 numbers from the corresponding article through Communications Materials.
description: SAXS data files can be opened with pyFAI, DataSqueeze, or Igor
 IRENA (proprietary). FTIR can be opened with
 Spectragryph or excel. TEM images can be opened with
 ImageJ/Fiji. XRD can be opened with GSAS-II or
 excel. PDF can be opened with GSAS-II, PDFgetx3, and
 PDFgui.  NMR can be opened with MNova or
 TopSpin.
DOI: 10.25338/b8g063
title: The comparison of dispersal rate between invasive and non-invasive species varied by plant form and function trait

description: A long dispersal distance is widely used to indicate high invasiveness,
 but it ignores the temporal dimensions of plant invasion. Faster dispersal
 rates (= distance/time) of invasive species than non-invasive ones have
 been widely used in modeling species invasion and planning control
 management. However, the comparison of dispersal rate between invasive and
 non-invasive plants, particularly for dispersal on a local or landscape
 scale, has not been tested with a comprehensive dataset. Moreover, both
 effects of plant functional traits on the dispersal rate and variation in
 the functional-trait effects between invasive and non-invasive plants
 remain elusive. Compiling studies from 30 countries globally, we compared
 seed dispersal rates (km/year) on a local or landscape scale between 64
 observations of invasive and 78 observations of non-invasive plants given
 effects of plant life forms, disturbance levels, and measurement methods.
 Furthermore, we compared the effects of functional traits on dispersal
 rate between invasive and non-invasive species. We found that: (1) Trait
 values were similar between the invasive and non-invasive plants except
 for the greater height of woody native plants than woody invasive ones;
 (2) Compared within the same plant life form, the faster dispersal rates
 of invasive species were found in herbaceous plants, not in woody plants,
 and disturbance level and measurement methods did not affect the rate
 comparison; (3) Plant height and seed length had significant effects on
 dispersal rates of both invasive and non-invasive plants, but the effect
 of leaf dry matter content (LDMC) was only significant on herbaceous
 invasive plants. The comparison of dispersal rate between invasive and
 non-invasive plants varied by plant life form. Between invasive and
 non-invasive species, their convergent trait values but divergent trait
 effects on dispersal suggest that the trait effects on invasiveness could
 be better understood by trait association with key factors in
 invasiveness, e.g., dispersal rate, than the direct comparison of trait
 values between invasive and non-invasive plants. 
description: We conducted searches for dispersal rates of invasive and
 non-invasive plants, independently. We compiled five functional traits
 that are relevant to dispersal rate from the Botanical Information and
 Ecology Network (BIEN) database (Maitner et al. 2018). The five traits are
 whole-plant height (m), leaf dry matter content (LDMC)
 (mg.g<sup>-1</sup>), plant longevity (year), seed mass (mg),
 and seed length (mm). We used a linear mixed-effect
 (LME) model with a phylogenetic relatedness between the species studied,
 and a phylogenetic tree of these species to compare dispersal rate and
 functional traits between invasive and non-invasive species. A structural
 equation model (SEM) was built to compare the direct and indirect effects
 of the five functional traits on the dispersal rate.
DOI: 10.5439/3014651
title: Speciated non-methane hydrocarbon measurements at the Oliktok Point, AK AMF3 from February-March 2020

description: This dataset contains speciated non-methane hydrocarbon gas-phase mole ratio measurements at the Oliktok Point, AK AMF3 as measured by a Tofwerk Vocus-2R time-of-flight NO+ chemical ionization mass spectrometer (TOF-NO+-CIMS) coupled with an Aerodyne gas chromatograph (GC). Users of the data are asked to contact PI Pratt prior to use for consultation, best data use, discussion of co-authorship, and to ensure that the most up-to-date information is provided.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v9s4mw71w
title: Temperature sensitivity of tree recruitment at alpine treelines increases along latitudinal gradients

description: Alpine treeline is highly sensitive to temperature change, and treelines
 worldwide have been rapidly responding to temperature warming by
 increasing tree density. However, often inconsistent or even conflicting
 results regarding the response of tree recruitment to temperature change
 across regions, still challenge our profound comprehension of
 warming-induced treeline dynamics. Here, we identified the temperature
 sensitivity of tree recruitment within alpine treeline ecotones (i.e., the
 strength of the relationship between tree recruitment and temperature
 change), and tested whether and how the temperature sensitivity changed
 along latitudinal gradients by examining 124 alpine treelines across North
 America and Asia. Our analyses demonstrated that temperature changes could
 significantly influence tree recruitment at treeline ecotones and the
 sensitivity of tree recruitment to temperature change was significantly
 and positively associated with latitude, showing that tree recruitment was
 more sensitive to temperature change at high latitudes than at low
 latitudes. Our findings highlighted the heterogeneous responses of tree
 recruitment at alpine treelines to temperature changes across latitudinal
 gradients, which should be incorporated into assessment models to improve
 future projections of global warming impacts across alpine ecosystems.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5qfttdzbd
title: Data from: Task-evoked metabolic demands of the posteromedial default mode network are shaped by dorsal attention and frontoparietal control networks

description: External tasks evoke characteristic fMRI BOLD signal deactivations in the
 default mode network (DMN). However, for the corresponding metabolic
 glucose demands both decreases and increases have been reported. To
 resolve this discrepancy, functional PET/MRI data from 50 healthy subjects
 performing Tetris® were combined with previously published data sets of
 working memory, visual and motor stimulation. We show that the glucose
 metabolism of the posteromedial DMN is dependent on the metabolic demands
 of the correspondingly engaged task-positive networks. Specifically, the
 dorsal attention and frontoparietal network shape the glucose metabolism
 of the posteromedial DMN in opposing directions. While tasks that mainly
 require an external focus of attention lead to a consistent downregulation
 of both metabolism and the BOLD signal in the posteromedial DMN, cognitive
 control during working memory requires a metabolically expensive BOLD
 suppression. This indicates that two types of BOLD deactivations with
 different oxygen-to-glucose index may occur in this region. We further
 speculate that consistent downregulation of the two signals is mediated by
 decreased glutamate signaling, while divergence may be subject to active
 GABAergic inhibition. The results demonstrate that the DMN relates to
 cognitive processing in a flexible manner and does not always act as a
 cohesive task-negative network in isolation.
description: Data of 50 healthy human participants were collected
 using simultaneous PET/MR imaging at rest and during performance of the
 Tetris task (hard level). Data are processed and
 include individual brain maps in MNI-space of glucose metabolism, BOLD
 task effects and functional connectivity. Group-level
 data include intersection and statistical conjunction maps of group task
 effects across glucose metabolism and BOLD changes. These are provided for
 the Tetris task and in addition for a working memory task. Group-level
 CMRGlu maps for visual stimulation and right finger tapping are also
 provided for comparison with other tasks. Data are
 provided in NIfTI format and are fully anonymized.