DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r2280gbpx
title: Data from: Plasticity rates and capacities differ across traits and temperatures: Insights from physiological responses of aquatic organisms to salinity change

description: Phenotypic plasticity allows organisms to track changing trait optima
 under environmental variation. To what extent this is achieved will be
 jointly determined by the rate of and the capacity for plasticity. Despite
 the potential fitness implications of these two components of phenotypic
 plasticity, a quantitative understanding of their variance across trait
 types and environmental conditions is lacking. Here we address this
 knowledge gap by compiling data from previously published time-course
 experiments that describe how a range of physiological traits of aquatic
 ectotherms change in response to a shift in salinity. We then build upon
 recent analytical advances to produce estimates of plasticity rate and
 capacity from each experiment that are comparable across traits. A total
 of 324 estimates of plasticity rate and capacity originating from 59
 species of fishes, sharks and crustaceans are given. The traits include
 histology, hormone concentrations, metabolite concentrations and metabolic
 and osmoregulatory enzyme activity.
description: # Plasticity rates and capacities differ across traits and temperatures:
 Insights from physiological responses of aquatic organisms to salinity
 change Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.r2280gbpx](10.5061/dryad.r2280gbpx) ##
 Description of the data and file structure A literature search was
 conducted to obtain a relatively comprehensive and representative sample
 of the published literature documenting the time-course of acclimation
 responses to salinity change in aquatic organisms. Such data come from
 experiments where organisms are first kept at one level of salinity before
 being abruptly shifted to a new salinity. Phenotypic measurements are
 taken at intervals from before the shift and for a certain period
 following this shift. These time series of measurements allows for
 estimation of both how much the phenotype changes (capacity), and the rate
 at which it changes.  Raw data are given in the file
 "salinity_data.txt".  References to the data given in
 "salinity_data.txt" are given in the file "data
 references.docx". The R script
 "active_plasticity_bivariate_metaanalysis_v10.R" processes the
 raw data, estimates rates and capacities of plasticity based on these, and
 provides the statistical analyses of these. For convenience we provide the
 estimated rates and capacities produced by the R script directly for users
 who want to utilize these estimates without going through the estimation
 procedures themselves. These estimates are given in the file
 "Model_estimates.txt". ### Missing values Missing values in the
 data files are given as "NA" ### Files and variables #### File:
 salinity\_data.txt **Description:** Raw time-series data of phenotypic
 traits following a shift in salinity obtained from the publications #####
 Variables * experiment: Originally assigned experiment number (note that
 these are renumbered in the file Model_estimates.txt which comprises a
 smaller number of experiments that were selected for statistical analyses
 based on data characteristics)  * author: name of first author of
 publication * year: year of publication * title: title of publication *
 speces: scientific name of species studied * page: page number of
 publication where data were found * figure.table: figure or table number
 where data were found * acc.sal1: Salinity of water organisms experienced
 prior to a shift in salinity * acc.sal1.duration.d: Duration of time (in
 days) the organisms were kept at a controlled salinity before being
 shifted * acc.sal2: Salinity of water organisms experienced following the
 shift in salinity * sal.unit: Unit in which acc.sal1 and acc.sal2 are
 given * acc.type.control: whether salinity prior to the shift was
 controlled and reported (given by the value "pre", all included
 studies in the database did this) * tissue: what type of tissue the
 phenotypic trait was measured in' * trait: what phenotypic trait was
 measured * time: how long after the shift a trait measurement was
 conducted * time.unit: unit of the value for "time" *
 trait.value: measured value for the phenotypic trait * trait.unit: unit of
 trait.value * temperature: at what temperature the experiment was
 conducted * mass.g.from.paper: mass in gram of organisms measured *
 length.mm.from.paper: length in mm of organisms measured * paper: First
 author name and year of publication * acc.sal1.osm: osmolality of water
 prior to shift in salinity * acc.sal2.osm: osmolality of water following
 shift in salinity * direction: direction of change in salinity (increase
 or decrease) * mintime: time of first phenotypic measurement, where 0
 indicates prior to salinity shift (all included experiments did this).
 #### File: data references.txt **Description:** References for data given
 in "salinity_data.txt" #### File:
 active\_plasticity\_bivariate\_metaanalysis\_v10.R **Description:** R
 script processing and analysing the data given in
 "salinity_data.txt". #### File: Model\_estimates.txt
 **Description:** Estimated rates and capacities of phenotypic plastic
 responses based on the raw data given in the file salinity_data.txt *
 species: scientific species name * experiment: experiment number * lambda:
 estimated rate of plasticity * lambda.var: variance of the estimated rate
 of plasticity  * lFC.inf: capacity of plasticity * lFC.inf.var: variance
 of the estimated rate of plasticity * lFC.lambda.covar: covariance between
 estimated rate and capacity of plasticity * peak.time: estimated
 breakpoint (in hours) for a segmented linear regression between time after
 a change in salinity and the trait value if the slope of the second
 segment was negative (i.e. the time at which a transient change in a trait
 reaches its peak). If second segment was positive the peak time equals the
 duration of the experiment.  * author: Name of first author of publication
 giving the data * year: Year of publication giving the data * title: Title
 of publication giving the data * acc.sal1: Salinity of water organisms
 experienced prior to a shift in salinity * acc.sal1.duration.d: Duration
 of time (in days) the organisms were kept at a controlled salinity before
 being shifted * acc.sal2: Salinity of water organisms experienced
 following the shift in salinity * sal.unit: Unit in which acc.sal1 and
 acc.sal2 are given * acc.type.control: whether salinity prior to the shift
 was controlled and reported (given by the value "pre", all
 included studies in the database did this) * tissue: what type of tissue
 the phenotypic trait was measured in' * trait: what phenotypic trait
 was measured * trait.unit: unit of trait measurement * temperature: at
 what temperature the experiment was conducted * mass.g.from.paper: mass in
 gram of organisms measured * length.mm.from.paper: length in mm of
 organisms measured * paper: Name of first author and year of publication *
 acc.sal1.osm: Osmolality of water organisms experienced prior to a shift
 in salinity * acc.sal2.osm: Osmolality of water organisms experienced
 following the shift in salinity * direction:direction of change in
 salinity (increase or decrease) * mintime: time of first phenotypic
 measurement, where 0 indicates prior to salinity shift (all included
 experiments did this). * maxtime: time (h) after salinity shift of final
 phenotypic measurement * init.trait: value of first phenotypic measurement
 * max.obs.trait: maximum observed trait value * min.obs.trait: minimum
 observed trait value * final.obs.value: trait value at final measurement *
 nr.obs: number of observations (times) in an experiment * trait.type: type
 of trait measured, categorized * plasticity.type: type of plasticity
 response (all plastic responses that were included in statistical analyses
 were considered to be active) * class: taxonomic class of species