cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835560.v1
title: Identification of plinthite or saprolite residue in soils with high textural contrast in the southern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Soils classified as Alisols are very frequent in the sedimentary agricultural areas of southern Brazil. The presence of red mottles with morphology similar to plinthite and saprolite residue is very common in these soils, and its identification can be considered a difficult task, both in the field and in the laboratory. The incorrect identification of these redoximorphic features can affect soils’ taxonomic and technical classification. We aimed to compare morphological, physical, chemical and mineralogical data to identify reddish mottles, possibly plinthites or saprolite residues, that occur in soils with high textural contrast in southern Brazil. Four soil profiles classified as Argissolos Bruno-Acinzentados (Alisols) were sampled. Matrix and mottles samples from the horizon Bt, CB, C and Cr were separated and subjected to morphological, granulometric, total sand fractionation, chemical extractions of iron and potassium and mineralogical features. Peds from each horizon were submitted to the submersion test in water for 2 and 8 hours and to 5 wetting and drying cycles. The mineralogy indicated the low degree of alteration of the samples, with abundant presence of 2:1 minerals and feldspars, even in the clay fraction. The saprolite resisted in the water submersion tests, making it difficult to interpret the results for the correct identification between plinthites and saprolite fragments. The morphological field data associated with the results of the tests of submersion in water, the cycle of wetting and drying, the dissolution of K and mineralogy, indicate the saprolithic nature of the mottles in all horizons and profiles. The submersion test in water for 2 and 8 hours was not efficient for the plinthite/saprolite identification. The cycle of wetting and drying tests allowed the identification of saprolite.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835563
title: Mycobacteriosis in an appearantly healty atlantic mackerel (Scomber Scombrus, L.) and zoonotic potential

description: ABSTRACT Mycobacteriosis was detected in seven out of one Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) that was purchased for human consumption from a fish market. The fish was apparently healthy but during cleaning, several granulomatous foci were noticed in the visceral organs. Histopathological examination of the lesions revealed numerous foci characterized by caseous necrosis in the center of the lesion surrounded by epithelioid giant cells. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of rod-shaped, acid-fast bacteria. Furthermore, immunohistochemical examination revealed the presence of a protein of mycobacterial origin in giant cells and macrophages. Based on gross and microscopic findings, mycobacteriosis was diagnosed. This report showed that due to its zoonotic potential, mycobacteriosis should be considered even in healthy-appearing fishes for human consumption.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835563.v1
title: Mycobacteriosis in an appearantly healty atlantic mackerel (Scomber Scombrus, L.) and zoonotic potential

description: ABSTRACT Mycobacteriosis was detected in seven out of one Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) that was purchased for human consumption from a fish market. The fish was apparently healthy but during cleaning, several granulomatous foci were noticed in the visceral organs. Histopathological examination of the lesions revealed numerous foci characterized by caseous necrosis in the center of the lesion surrounded by epithelioid giant cells. Ziehl-Neelsen staining revealed the presence of rod-shaped, acid-fast bacteria. Furthermore, immunohistochemical examination revealed the presence of a protein of mycobacterial origin in giant cells and macrophages. Based on gross and microscopic findings, mycobacteriosis was diagnosed. This report showed that due to its zoonotic potential, mycobacteriosis should be considered even in healthy-appearing fishes for human consumption.
DOI: 10.21335/nmdc-351218377
title: Marine CO2 and inorganic nutrients: Barents Sea Opening 2021

description: Marine CO2 system data (total alkalinity, and total dissolved inorganic carbon) and nutrients were collected from full water column on the IMR repeat section between Fugløya-Bjørnøya in the Barents Sea Opening onboard the RV Kristine Bonnevie on cruise number 2021606. This study is a contribution to the project Monitoring ocean acidification in Norwegian waters/Havforsuringsovervåking i norske farvann” funded by the Norwegian Environment Agency (Miljødirektoratet) project# 17078007. Post-smolts were collected in the outer parts of the fjord systems in late spring and early summer with a specialized surface trawl for live fish sampling, towed behind a suitable fishing vessel (15-25 m). The trawl is 5 m deep and up to 35 m wide depending on speed through water. The trawl is mounted to a system where smaller catch, such as post-smolts are separated from other catch, and remain free swimming in low turbulence in a hydrodynamic aquarium. The separation takes place when the current flow through a net tunnel and over two 45 degrees racks. The first rack (10 mm between bars) lifts the catch to the next (20 mm between bars) where the separation is done. Everything wider than 20 mm will continue to the cod end of the trawl. Details of the post-smolt trawl are described in Holst and McDonald (2000), Fisheries Research 48, pp 87-91. Typical trawling speed is 2-3 knots (STW) with a duration of 2-4 hours. Lice counts on post-smolts were performed on the ship as soon as possible after they were captured. The fish were killed using an overdose of Benzocaine 200 mg/ml. Lice counts were performed with the fish submerged in a white plastic tub (5-10 l) using a strong headlamp (&gt;500 lumen). The counts were only performed by personnel with special training in identification of all salmon lice stages. The following categories were recorded: copepodite, chalimus 1, chalimus 2, pre-adult, adult male and adult female. Fish length in mm and mass in gram were recorded. All post-smolts were then frozen for subsequent analysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21755484
title: LINGUISTIC MEDIATION AS A GUARANTEE OF RIGHTS IN BRAZIL: TOWARDS INSTITUTIONAL TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION POLICIES IN THE FEDERAL PUBLIC DEFENDERS’ OFFICE

description: ABSTRACT The recent migration flows to Brazil require the government to take a new look at the social needs of newly arrived individuals in the country. The implementation of a language and translation policy is also, many times, a condition for access by the immigrant population to public service delivery systems. In this sense, the Federal Public Defenders’ Office (DPU), charged with the mission of guaranteeing human rights, created the Department of Translation (CTRAD), formerly the Translation Unit (NuTrad), in partnership with the University of Brasilia (UnB), to expand and improve the legal assistance services provided to immigrants in Brazil. Initially responsible for the translation of procedural documents, the NuTrad, due to the exponential increase in the demand for services by non-Portuguese speakers, has been expanding its activities with the creation of a linguistic mediation service between the public agent and the person requesting the right. This growth in demands related to translation and interpretation reveals the need to develop institutional translation policies, most of which are currently implemented by civil society. To support these actions, we sought to establish a diagnosis of the sociolinguistic situation of the DPU in this context, by collecting data from the service sectors of the various units of the DPU. Questionnaires were applied to the attendants of these units to learn about the linguistic difficulties and needs in the service areas. The results reveal, on the one hand, the linguistic challenges faced according to the types of interaction between rights claimants and public officials and, on the other hand, the great helplessness of the institutions in the face of these challenges.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21755484.v1
title: LINGUISTIC MEDIATION AS A GUARANTEE OF RIGHTS IN BRAZIL: TOWARDS INSTITUTIONAL TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETATION POLICIES IN THE FEDERAL PUBLIC DEFENDERS’ OFFICE

description: ABSTRACT The recent migration flows to Brazil require the government to take a new look at the social needs of newly arrived individuals in the country. The implementation of a language and translation policy is also, many times, a condition for access by the immigrant population to public service delivery systems. In this sense, the Federal Public Defenders’ Office (DPU), charged with the mission of guaranteeing human rights, created the Department of Translation (CTRAD), formerly the Translation Unit (NuTrad), in partnership with the University of Brasilia (UnB), to expand and improve the legal assistance services provided to immigrants in Brazil. Initially responsible for the translation of procedural documents, the NuTrad, due to the exponential increase in the demand for services by non-Portuguese speakers, has been expanding its activities with the creation of a linguistic mediation service between the public agent and the person requesting the right. This growth in demands related to translation and interpretation reveals the need to develop institutional translation policies, most of which are currently implemented by civil society. To support these actions, we sought to establish a diagnosis of the sociolinguistic situation of the DPU in this context, by collecting data from the service sectors of the various units of the DPU. Questionnaires were applied to the attendants of these units to learn about the linguistic difficulties and needs in the service areas. The results reveal, on the one hand, the linguistic challenges faced according to the types of interaction between rights claimants and public officials and, on the other hand, the great helplessness of the institutions in the face of these challenges.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21639904
title: More on the distribution of cladoceran species: gaps and perspectives in Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil

description: Abstract Our knowledge of cladoceran species composition and distribution of Neotropical taxa is incomplete, therefore misleading the basic understanding of biodiversity processes and biogeographical patterns of this ecologically relevant group. We present new records and an updated checklist of the cladocerans of Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil) based on a critical review of their known distribution throughout the different freshwater ecoregions. Nine marine species were recorded, and 80 non-marine cladocerans were counted from two of the four ecoregions of Rio de Janeiro State. We estimate species richness applying the interpolation and extrapolation method, using iNEXT function. With this approach we compute diversity estimates for rarefied and extrapolated samples up to double the reference sample size (number of studies). Four new records of rare species were included from surveys in the Paraiba do Sul ecoregion. The Fluminense ecoregion shows a higher richness with a more asymptotic curve and thus a lower expected richness in comparison to the Paraiba do Sul ecoregion. Ceriodaphnia cornuta Sars, 1886 was the most frequently found species whilst Moina macrocopa Straus, 1820 was the only non-native species encountered. Our study can contribute to developing a biogeographical understanding of this diverse group in a heterogeneous territory in terms of inland waters. Future studies are suggested to prioritize novel ecoregions and unexplored habitats e.g. littoral zones with high macrophyte and periphyton coverage, brackish waters, saline and high-altitude lakes, as more diverse and heterogeneous habitats will undoubtedly reveal additional records.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21639904.v1
title: More on the distribution of cladoceran species: gaps and perspectives in Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil

description: Abstract Our knowledge of cladoceran species composition and distribution of Neotropical taxa is incomplete, therefore misleading the basic understanding of biodiversity processes and biogeographical patterns of this ecologically relevant group. We present new records and an updated checklist of the cladocerans of Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil) based on a critical review of their known distribution throughout the different freshwater ecoregions. Nine marine species were recorded, and 80 non-marine cladocerans were counted from two of the four ecoregions of Rio de Janeiro State. We estimate species richness applying the interpolation and extrapolation method, using iNEXT function. With this approach we compute diversity estimates for rarefied and extrapolated samples up to double the reference sample size (number of studies). Four new records of rare species were included from surveys in the Paraiba do Sul ecoregion. The Fluminense ecoregion shows a higher richness with a more asymptotic curve and thus a lower expected richness in comparison to the Paraiba do Sul ecoregion. Ceriodaphnia cornuta Sars, 1886 was the most frequently found species whilst Moina macrocopa Straus, 1820 was the only non-native species encountered. Our study can contribute to developing a biogeographical understanding of this diverse group in a heterogeneous territory in terms of inland waters. Future studies are suggested to prioritize novel ecoregions and unexplored habitats e.g. littoral zones with high macrophyte and periphyton coverage, brackish waters, saline and high-altitude lakes, as more diverse and heterogeneous habitats will undoubtedly reveal additional records.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21755534
title: HOW WELL CAN ASR TECHNOLOGY UNDERSTAND FOREIGN-ACCENTED SPEECH?

description: ABSTRACT Following the Covid-19 pandemic, digital technology is more present in classrooms than ever. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) offers interesting possibilities for language learners to produce more output in a foreign language (FL). ASR is especially suited for autonomous pronunciation learning when used as a dictation tool that transcribes the learner’s speech (McCROCKLIN, 2016). However, ASR tools are trained with monolingual native speakers in mind, not reflecting the global reality of English speakers. Consequently, the present study examined how well two ASR-based dictation tools understand foreign-accented speech, and which FL speech features cause intelligibility breakdowns. English speech samples of 15 Brazilian Portuguese and 15 Spanish speakers were obtained from an online database (WEINBERGER, 2015) and submitted to two ASR dictation tools: Microsoft Word and VoiceNotebook. The resulting transcriptions were manually inspected, coded and categorized. The results show that overall intelligibility was high for both tools. However, many features of normal FL speech, such as vowel and consonant substitution, caused the ASR dictation tools to misinterpret the message leading to communication breakdowns. The results are discussed from a pedagogical viewpoint.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21755534.v1
title: HOW WELL CAN ASR TECHNOLOGY UNDERSTAND FOREIGN-ACCENTED SPEECH?

description: ABSTRACT Following the Covid-19 pandemic, digital technology is more present in classrooms than ever. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) offers interesting possibilities for language learners to produce more output in a foreign language (FL). ASR is especially suited for autonomous pronunciation learning when used as a dictation tool that transcribes the learner’s speech (McCROCKLIN, 2016). However, ASR tools are trained with monolingual native speakers in mind, not reflecting the global reality of English speakers. Consequently, the present study examined how well two ASR-based dictation tools understand foreign-accented speech, and which FL speech features cause intelligibility breakdowns. English speech samples of 15 Brazilian Portuguese and 15 Spanish speakers were obtained from an online database (WEINBERGER, 2015) and submitted to two ASR dictation tools: Microsoft Word and VoiceNotebook. The resulting transcriptions were manually inspected, coded and categorized. The results show that overall intelligibility was high for both tools. However, many features of normal FL speech, such as vowel and consonant substitution, caused the ASR dictation tools to misinterpret the message leading to communication breakdowns. The results are discussed from a pedagogical viewpoint.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835567
title: Physicians’ attitude towards community pharmacists’ contribution in the treatment decision making

description: Abstract A collaborative physician-pharmacist relationship is a fundamental component of a patient’s primary care. The aim of this study was to investigate the attitude of physicians toward collaborative work with community pharmacists in Sulaimani City, Iraq. A cross sectional design was utilized, and a questionnaire was sent to 60 physicians, of whom 47 completed the questionnaire. A total of 26 (55.3%) physicians stated that they had a history of collaboration with pharmacists in their routine daily work. During/before the treatment process, more than one-third of the physicians “rarely” practiced collaboratively, and one-fifth “never” collaborated. There was little agreement on the community pharmacist’s recommendations; however, after the treatment decision by the physician, a higher degree of agreement was reported, and the number of physicians who were “rarely” or “never” practiced collaboratively decreased to less than 5%. Furthermore, the physicians’ perspective on the pharmacists’ role showed that advising patients on drug administration (85.1%) and preventing drug interactions (76.6%) were the most common duties of the community pharmacists. Physicians agreed on several barriers with respect to collaboration with pharmacists. In conclusion, the physicians’ perspective on the engagement of the community pharmacist in the management of patients was relatively limited. The pharmacist’s recommendation was more accepted after medications were prescribed than before or during decision making on the treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835567.v1
title: Physicians’ attitude towards community pharmacists’ contribution in the treatment decision making

description: Abstract A collaborative physician-pharmacist relationship is a fundamental component of a patient’s primary care. The aim of this study was to investigate the attitude of physicians toward collaborative work with community pharmacists in Sulaimani City, Iraq. A cross sectional design was utilized, and a questionnaire was sent to 60 physicians, of whom 47 completed the questionnaire. A total of 26 (55.3%) physicians stated that they had a history of collaboration with pharmacists in their routine daily work. During/before the treatment process, more than one-third of the physicians “rarely” practiced collaboratively, and one-fifth “never” collaborated. There was little agreement on the community pharmacist’s recommendations; however, after the treatment decision by the physician, a higher degree of agreement was reported, and the number of physicians who were “rarely” or “never” practiced collaboratively decreased to less than 5%. Furthermore, the physicians’ perspective on the pharmacists’ role showed that advising patients on drug administration (85.1%) and preventing drug interactions (76.6%) were the most common duties of the community pharmacists. Physicians agreed on several barriers with respect to collaboration with pharmacists. In conclusion, the physicians’ perspective on the engagement of the community pharmacist in the management of patients was relatively limited. The pharmacist’s recommendation was more accepted after medications were prescribed than before or during decision making on the treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835572
title: Influence of Refinery Asphalt Residue Addition on Flow: A Study Using Waxy Model-System

description: One of the main phenomena causing problems in the oil industry is the precipitation of waxes, which can crystallize and form deposits, clogging lines and reducing flows. Many studies have been conducted seeking to overcome this problem, mainly through application of chemical to increase flow. Some studies have shown that the asphaltenes present in crude oil can also be involved in the process of wax deposition. In this study, model systems were investigated to determine the influence of a natural additive, a chemical additive and their combined use on the fluidity of the samples. The natural additive, consisting of a refinery asphalt residue (ASPR), was studied in relation to the influence of its aggregation states on the fluidity of the wax model systems. All samples were evaluated through the pour point test, according to the ASTM D-97 standard. The results indicated that both the ASPR and the commercial poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) can improve the fluidity. Synergistic effect, using both together, was verified by the significant reduction of pour point for model systems with wax content as high as 13% m v-1. That action was closely related to the concentration of ASPR and its aggregation state, as indicated by tests with different wax concentrations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835572.v1
title: Influence of Refinery Asphalt Residue Addition on Flow: A Study Using Waxy Model-System

description: One of the main phenomena causing problems in the oil industry is the precipitation of waxes, which can crystallize and form deposits, clogging lines and reducing flows. Many studies have been conducted seeking to overcome this problem, mainly through application of chemical to increase flow. Some studies have shown that the asphaltenes present in crude oil can also be involved in the process of wax deposition. In this study, model systems were investigated to determine the influence of a natural additive, a chemical additive and their combined use on the fluidity of the samples. The natural additive, consisting of a refinery asphalt residue (ASPR), was studied in relation to the influence of its aggregation states on the fluidity of the wax model systems. All samples were evaluated through the pour point test, according to the ASTM D-97 standard. The results indicated that both the ASPR and the commercial poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) can improve the fluidity. Synergistic effect, using both together, was verified by the significant reduction of pour point for model systems with wax content as high as 13% m v-1. That action was closely related to the concentration of ASPR and its aggregation state, as indicated by tests with different wax concentrations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21835570
title: Hospital care during childbirth: an Evaluability Assessment

description: ABSTRACT The aim was to analyze the evaluability of hospital care during childbirth, identify elements, contexts and actors to be considered in an evaluation plan and its feasibility. Evaluability Assessment with an exploratory and qualitative approach. A literature review, documents and interviews with stakeholders were carried out, the results of which guided the modeling of hospital care during childbirth. The evaluative model was submitted to consensus using the Delphi Method together with specialists in the area and strategies were defined for the development of an evaluative study. Childbirth care must observe humanized care, scientific evidence and rights. Structural and organizational conditions and the development of actions must ensure access, quality and satisfaction for women. The evaluation must contemplate the perspective of the different actors involved in the process. It was concluded that hospital care during childbirth is assessable and the Evaluability Assessment contributed to delimiting the scope of the evaluation and expanding knowledge about the object; for the definition of the methodological strategies and instruments of collection of the evaluation study to be developed in the sequence. The evaluative model can be used in other contexts, with adaptation according to each reality.