cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012527
title: Lethal and sublethal effects of neem on Aphis gossypii and Cycloneda sanguinea in watermelon

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of oil extract of neem, Azadirachta indica, on the watermelon aphid Aphis gossypii and its natural enemy Cycloneda sanguinea. Toxicity bioassays were conducted with the commercial product DalNeem (1,475 g L-1 azadirachtin) at 0.0037 µg a.i. mL-1, 0.0074 µg a.i. mL-1 and 0.0148 µg a.i. mL-1, Malathion at 1 µg a.i. mL-1 and distilled water as a control treatment. The products were sprayed to watermelon leaf discs, and the insects were exposed to the product residues. The instantaneous population growth rate of A. gossypii and the survival of C. sanguinea larvae exposed to the different treatments were calculated. A decrease in the instantaneous population growth rate of A. gossypii with increasing concentrations of neem was observed, and the aphids did not reproduce on the leaf discs treated with malathion during the first 24 hours of exposure due to its rapid lethal effect on adult insects. The larvae of the predator C. sanguinea exposed to malathion survived only for 24 hours. The survival of the predator exposed to different concentrations of neem was also significantly reduced compared to the predators exposed only to water. However, laboratory experiments may overestimate the effect of neem on predators because the individuals cannot employ escape behavior caused by neem repellency.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012530.v1
title: The spatial and temporal independence of Italian Zucchini production

description: It is necessary to know the production variability of experimental units in a protected environment, both in terms of space and throughout different harvests. This knowledge helps reduce experimental error and increases result reliability in combination with the adoption of appropriate experimental techniques and cultural management. The objective of this study was to characterize the spatial and temporal independence of Italian Zucchini fruit production as cultivated in a protected environment. The study used production data from exploratory experiments under protected cultivation in the Department of Plant Sciences of the Federal University of Santa Maria. Different units sizes were simulated on the basis of known production values for the number of plants per row. To verify the independence or randomness of fruit production, a test run was applied to the units within the rows of individual and grouped harvests and in the same unit between individual and grouped harvests. There was a greater randomness of production in units with a higher number of plants. Using a lower number of harvests randomizes the production of units as the harvests are carried out. Groupings of harvests and units formed by four and five basic units are the most efficient combination for reducing non-randomness in the production of Italian Zucchinis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012530
title: The spatial and temporal independence of Italian Zucchini production

description: It is necessary to know the production variability of experimental units in a protected environment, both in terms of space and throughout different harvests. This knowledge helps reduce experimental error and increases result reliability in combination with the adoption of appropriate experimental techniques and cultural management. The objective of this study was to characterize the spatial and temporal independence of Italian Zucchini fruit production as cultivated in a protected environment. The study used production data from exploratory experiments under protected cultivation in the Department of Plant Sciences of the Federal University of Santa Maria. Different units sizes were simulated on the basis of known production values for the number of plants per row. To verify the independence or randomness of fruit production, a test run was applied to the units within the rows of individual and grouped harvests and in the same unit between individual and grouped harvests. There was a greater randomness of production in units with a higher number of plants. Using a lower number of harvests randomizes the production of units as the harvests are carried out. Groupings of harvests and units formed by four and five basic units are the most efficient combination for reducing non-randomness in the production of Italian Zucchinis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012532
title: Interferência de plantas daninhas em mudas de quatro espécies arbóreas neotropicais

description: Seasonal semideciduous forests in southeastern Brazil have experienced intensive fragmentation, and the interference of weeds may affect the dynamics of restored communities. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were specific densities of the weeds Urochloa decumbens and Ipomoea grandifolia at which the growth of seedlings of four Neotropical tree species - Senegalia polyphylla and Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Fabaceae) and Ceiba speciosa and Luehea divaricata (Malvaceae) - would be negatively affected. A randomized experimental design was conducted in a greenhouse, with five treatments to each tree species (different weed densities per pot per tree species) and four replicates per treatment. After the weeds flowered, the height and stem diameter of seedlings were quantified, including the aboveground dry biomass and the percentages of macro and micronutrients contents in the leaves. The growth of the tree seedlings was affected by the lowest weed density (two weeds per pot) when interacting with U. decumbens or I. grandifolia. In general, significant decreases in the percentage of macro and micronutrients in the leaves were observed, especially at eight weeds/pot. Such results could warrant experimental practices in chemical control in conjunction with alternative methods to control of these two weeds in restored areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012532.v1
title: Interferência de plantas daninhas em mudas de quatro espécies arbóreas neotropicais

description: Seasonal semideciduous forests in southeastern Brazil have experienced intensive fragmentation, and the interference of weeds may affect the dynamics of restored communities. The purpose of this study was to determine if there were specific densities of the weeds Urochloa decumbens and Ipomoea grandifolia at which the growth of seedlings of four Neotropical tree species - Senegalia polyphylla and Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Fabaceae) and Ceiba speciosa and Luehea divaricata (Malvaceae) - would be negatively affected. A randomized experimental design was conducted in a greenhouse, with five treatments to each tree species (different weed densities per pot per tree species) and four replicates per treatment. After the weeds flowered, the height and stem diameter of seedlings were quantified, including the aboveground dry biomass and the percentages of macro and micronutrients contents in the leaves. The growth of the tree seedlings was affected by the lowest weed density (two weeds per pot) when interacting with U. decumbens or I. grandifolia. In general, significant decreases in the percentage of macro and micronutrients in the leaves were observed, especially at eight weeds/pot. Such results could warrant experimental practices in chemical control in conjunction with alternative methods to control of these two weeds in restored areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012535
title: Handling and postharvest shelf life of ora-pro-nobis leaves

description: The goal of this study was to assess the effects of hydrocooling and plastic bag use on the postharvest quality ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.) leaves stored at 5 and 25ºC. The experiments were conducted in a split plot scheme, with treatments in plots and subplots storage time in a randomized block design. The leaf chlorophyll content, mass loss (ML), relative water content (RWC), soluble sugars levels, reducings (RED), non-reducings and starch were determined. In leaves stored at 25ºC, the ML was higher when leaves were hydrocooled. The highest RWC resulted from the use of plastic bag, which prevented the leaves from wilting for a longer period of time. The soluble sugars levels varied according to the increase or decrease in RWC. The contents of RED decreased with the time of storage at 25°C. The cold storage increased the shelf life of ora-pro-nobis by 168 hours. The hydrocooling increased the RWC of leaves, although it did not influence the shelf life. The perforated plastic bag was effective in increasing the shelf life, and when associated with hydrocooling, the plastic bags provide a lower rate of loss of fresh mass.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012535.v1
title: Handling and postharvest shelf life of ora-pro-nobis leaves

description: The goal of this study was to assess the effects of hydrocooling and plastic bag use on the postharvest quality ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.) leaves stored at 5 and 25ºC. The experiments were conducted in a split plot scheme, with treatments in plots and subplots storage time in a randomized block design. The leaf chlorophyll content, mass loss (ML), relative water content (RWC), soluble sugars levels, reducings (RED), non-reducings and starch were determined. In leaves stored at 25ºC, the ML was higher when leaves were hydrocooled. The highest RWC resulted from the use of plastic bag, which prevented the leaves from wilting for a longer period of time. The soluble sugars levels varied according to the increase or decrease in RWC. The contents of RED decreased with the time of storage at 25°C. The cold storage increased the shelf life of ora-pro-nobis by 168 hours. The hydrocooling increased the RWC of leaves, although it did not influence the shelf life. The perforated plastic bag was effective in increasing the shelf life, and when associated with hydrocooling, the plastic bags provide a lower rate of loss of fresh mass.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012536
title: Cryopreservation of the mangaba tree (Hancornia speciosaGomes): a protocol for long-term storage

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of vitrification and droplet vitrification for the cryopreservation of Hancornia speciosa shoot tips. The shoot tips were subjected to four different periods of exposure (15, 30, 45 and 60 min.) to plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2) before plunging into liquid nitrogen. We evaluated the regrowth of H. speciosa shoot tips that were cryopreserved by the classical vitrification technique and by the droplet vitrification technique. Shoot tips were submitted to different periods of pre-culture (absence, 24 or 48h) in a medium containing 0.3 M sucrose prior to cryopreservation. With a PVS2 exposure period of 60 min., significant differences were observed between the two techniques used in this study with respect to regrowth rates; however, both cryopreservation methods allowed for a shoot tip regrowth rate of over 70%. Use of a preculture step increased the regrowth rate of cryopreserved shoot tips. Shoot tip cryopreservation techniques employing vitrification and droplet vitrification proved to be viable for the long-term storage of mangaba tree samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012536.v1
title: Cryopreservation of the mangaba tree (Hancornia speciosaGomes): a protocol for long-term storage

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of vitrification and droplet vitrification for the cryopreservation of Hancornia speciosa shoot tips. The shoot tips were subjected to four different periods of exposure (15, 30, 45 and 60 min.) to plant vitrification solution 2 (PVS2) before plunging into liquid nitrogen. We evaluated the regrowth of H. speciosa shoot tips that were cryopreserved by the classical vitrification technique and by the droplet vitrification technique. Shoot tips were submitted to different periods of pre-culture (absence, 24 or 48h) in a medium containing 0.3 M sucrose prior to cryopreservation. With a PVS2 exposure period of 60 min., significant differences were observed between the two techniques used in this study with respect to regrowth rates; however, both cryopreservation methods allowed for a shoot tip regrowth rate of over 70%. Use of a preculture step increased the regrowth rate of cryopreserved shoot tips. Shoot tip cryopreservation techniques employing vitrification and droplet vitrification proved to be viable for the long-term storage of mangaba tree samples.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012538
title: Nitrogen fertilization of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines: yield, total nitrogen content in the leaves and must composition

description: Grapevines grown on sandy soils are subjected to the application of supplemental nitrogen (N); however, there is little information available regarding the impact of these applications on yield, plant nutritional state and must composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield, nutritional state and must composition of grapevines subjected to N fertilization. Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines were subjected to annual applications of 0, 10, 15, 20, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 in 2008, 2009 and 2010. During the 2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11 harvest seasons, leaves were collected during full flowering and when the berries changed color, and the total N content was analyzed. The grape yield and the enological characteristics of the must were evaluated. The response to applied N was low, and the highest Cabernet Sauvignon grape yield was obtained in response to an application of 20 kg N ha-1year-1. The application of N increased the nutrient content in the leaf collected at full flowering, but it had little effect on the total nutrient content in the must, and it did not affect the enological characteristics of the must, such as soluble solids, pH, total acidity, malic acid and tartaric acid.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012538.v1
title: Nitrogen fertilization of Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines: yield, total nitrogen content in the leaves and must composition

description: Grapevines grown on sandy soils are subjected to the application of supplemental nitrogen (N); however, there is little information available regarding the impact of these applications on yield, plant nutritional state and must composition. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield, nutritional state and must composition of grapevines subjected to N fertilization. Cabernet Sauvignon grapevines were subjected to annual applications of 0, 10, 15, 20, 40, 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 in 2008, 2009 and 2010. During the 2008/09, 2009/10 and 2010/11 harvest seasons, leaves were collected during full flowering and when the berries changed color, and the total N content was analyzed. The grape yield and the enological characteristics of the must were evaluated. The response to applied N was low, and the highest Cabernet Sauvignon grape yield was obtained in response to an application of 20 kg N ha-1year-1. The application of N increased the nutrient content in the leaf collected at full flowering, but it had little effect on the total nutrient content in the must, and it did not affect the enological characteristics of the must, such as soluble solids, pH, total acidity, malic acid and tartaric acid.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012539
title: Photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange in castor bean under conditions of above the optimal temperature and high CO2

description: The castor bean plant, a Euphorbiaceae oil seed C3-metabolism rustic and drought-resistant plant, is cultivated in a wide range of environments due to its good adaptive capacity. However, given the current environmental changes, many biochemical and physiological impacts may affect the productivity of important crops, such as castor bean. This work aimed to evaluate the impacts of the castor bean gas exchange in response to high temperature and increased CO2 concentration. Our experiment was conducted in a phytotron located at Embrapa Algodão in 2010. We adopted a completely randomized design, with four treatments in a factorial combination of two temperatures (30/20 and 37/30°C) and two CO2 levels (400 and 800 (mol L-1); four replications were performed, obtained in five surveys over the growth cycle, for a total of 80 sample units. An infrared gas analyzer (IRGA - Infra Red Gas Analyzer) was used for the quantification of the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration. An increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature negatively affected the physiology of the castor bean plants, decreasing the net rate of photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012539.v1
title: Photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange in castor bean under conditions of above the optimal temperature and high CO2

description: The castor bean plant, a Euphorbiaceae oil seed C3-metabolism rustic and drought-resistant plant, is cultivated in a wide range of environments due to its good adaptive capacity. However, given the current environmental changes, many biochemical and physiological impacts may affect the productivity of important crops, such as castor bean. This work aimed to evaluate the impacts of the castor bean gas exchange in response to high temperature and increased CO2 concentration. Our experiment was conducted in a phytotron located at Embrapa Algodão in 2010. We adopted a completely randomized design, with four treatments in a factorial combination of two temperatures (30/20 and 37/30°C) and two CO2 levels (400 and 800 (mol L-1); four replications were performed, obtained in five surveys over the growth cycle, for a total of 80 sample units. An infrared gas analyzer (IRGA - Infra Red Gas Analyzer) was used for the quantification of the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration. An increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature negatively affected the physiology of the castor bean plants, decreasing the net rate of photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012456
title: Multimodal dataset (tfrecord file) and trained weight (h5 file)

description: Multimodal dataset (tfrecord file) and trained weight (h5 file) are used to reproduce multi attention weight.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012541.v1
title: The influence of rootstock and time of harvest on the fruit quality during storage of in two grapefruit cultivars

description: The effects of the 'Cleopatra' mandarin and 'Swingle' citrumelo rootstocks and time of harvest on the quality of cold-stored (13°C and 90% R.H.) 'Ruby Red' and 'Star Ruby' grapefruit grown under the tropical conditions prevalent in Ceará state, Brazil, were evaluated. Fruit quality was assessed by mass loss and peel color, the percentage of juice, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, maturity index, and ascorbic acid content. The results suggested that 'Ruby Red' and 'Star Ruby' grapefruit presented similar amounts of soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid levels at harvest, and the trends over the course of storage followed similar patterns for both cultivars, regardless of rootstock. The influence of scion-rootstock combination on the studied variables was dependent on the time of harvest. The peel color of 'Ruby Red' grafted on 'Swingle' citrumelo is more vivid and redder when harvested in October than when harvested in August. 'Ruby Red' and 'Star Ruby' grapefruit harvested in October are sweeter, less acidic, juicier, and richer in ascorbic acid than those harvested in August. 'Cleopatra' mandarin rootstock might favor ascorbic acid levels at harvest, but the fruit may lose more weight during storage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012542
title: Ultrastructural and cytochemical analysis of physic nut callus tissue in response to different combinations of growth regulators

description: This study aimed to induce callus formation in Jatropha curcas L. and to evaluate the ultrastructure and cytochemical behavior of the calli. Calluses were induced with 2,4-D, picloram-PIC, kinetin (Kin) and BAP: (1) control; (2) 4.52 µM 2,4-D; (3) 9.04 µM 2,4-D; (4) 4.14 µM PIC; (5) 8.28 µM PIC; (6) 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 2.32 µM KIN; (7) 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 4.64 µM KIN; (8) 4.14 µM PIC + 2.32 µM KIN; (9) 8.28 µM PIC + 4.64 µM KIN; (10) 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 2.22 µM BAP; (11) 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 4.44 µM BAP; (12) 4.14 µM PIC + 2.22 µM BAP and (13) 8.28 µM PIC + 4.44 µM BAP. It was evaluated the percent coverage of the explants by callus (% CEC) and performed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and acetocarmine/Evans blue double staining to analyze the embryogenic potential of the calli. As shown by scanning electron microscopy and acetocarmine/Evans blue staining, we found that J. curcas callus formation was optimal with 4.52 µM of 2,4-D.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012542.v1
title: Ultrastructural and cytochemical analysis of physic nut callus tissue in response to different combinations of growth regulators

description: This study aimed to induce callus formation in Jatropha curcas L. and to evaluate the ultrastructure and cytochemical behavior of the calli. Calluses were induced with 2,4-D, picloram-PIC, kinetin (Kin) and BAP: (1) control; (2) 4.52 µM 2,4-D; (3) 9.04 µM 2,4-D; (4) 4.14 µM PIC; (5) 8.28 µM PIC; (6) 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 2.32 µM KIN; (7) 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 4.64 µM KIN; (8) 4.14 µM PIC + 2.32 µM KIN; (9) 8.28 µM PIC + 4.64 µM KIN; (10) 4.52 µM 2,4-D + 2.22 µM BAP; (11) 9.04 µM 2,4-D + 4.44 µM BAP; (12) 4.14 µM PIC + 2.22 µM BAP and (13) 8.28 µM PIC + 4.44 µM BAP. It was evaluated the percent coverage of the explants by callus (% CEC) and performed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and acetocarmine/Evans blue double staining to analyze the embryogenic potential of the calli. As shown by scanning electron microscopy and acetocarmine/Evans blue staining, we found that J. curcas callus formation was optimal with 4.52 µM of 2,4-D.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012541
title: The influence of rootstock and time of harvest on the fruit quality during storage of in two grapefruit cultivars

description: The effects of the 'Cleopatra' mandarin and 'Swingle' citrumelo rootstocks and time of harvest on the quality of cold-stored (13°C and 90% R.H.) 'Ruby Red' and 'Star Ruby' grapefruit grown under the tropical conditions prevalent in Ceará state, Brazil, were evaluated. Fruit quality was assessed by mass loss and peel color, the percentage of juice, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, maturity index, and ascorbic acid content. The results suggested that 'Ruby Red' and 'Star Ruby' grapefruit presented similar amounts of soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid levels at harvest, and the trends over the course of storage followed similar patterns for both cultivars, regardless of rootstock. The influence of scion-rootstock combination on the studied variables was dependent on the time of harvest. The peel color of 'Ruby Red' grafted on 'Swingle' citrumelo is more vivid and redder when harvested in October than when harvested in August. 'Ruby Red' and 'Star Ruby' grapefruit harvested in October are sweeter, less acidic, juicier, and richer in ascorbic acid than those harvested in August. 'Cleopatra' mandarin rootstock might favor ascorbic acid levels at harvest, but the fruit may lose more weight during storage.