cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120905
title: Supplementary Material for: A Multicenter Pilot Study of a Bronchial Valve for the Treatment of Severe Emphysema

description: <i>Background:</i> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects millions of people and has limited treatment options. Surgical treatments for severe COPD with emphysema are effective for highly selected patients. A minimally invasive method for treating emphysema could decrease morbidity and increase acceptance by patients. <i>Objective:</i> To study the safety and effectiveness of the IBV® Valve for the treatment of severe emphysema. <i>Methods:</i> A multicenter study treated 91 patients with severe obstruction, hyperinflation and upper lobe (UL)-predominant emphysema with 609 bronchial valves placed bilaterally into ULs. <i>Results:</i> Valves were placed in desired airways with 99.7% technical success and no migration or erosion. There were no procedure-related deaths and 30-day morbidity and mortality were 5.5 and 1.1%, respectively. Pneumothorax was the most frequent serious device-related complication and primarily occurred when all segments of a lobe, especially the left UL, were occluded. Highly significant health-related quality of life (HRQL) improvement (–8.2 ± 16.2, mean ± SD change at 6 months) was observed. HRQL improvement was associated with a decreased volume (mean –294 ± 427 ml, p = 0.007) in the treated lobes without visible atelectasis. FEV<sub>1</sub>, exercise tests, and total lung volume were not changed but there was a proportional shift, a redirection of inspired volume to the untreated lobes. Combined with perfusion scan changes, this suggests that there is improved ventilation and perfusion matching in non-UL lung parenchyma. <i>Conclusion:</i> Bronchial valve treatment of emphysema has multiple mechanisms of action and acceptable safety, and significantly improves quality of life for the majority of patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120908
title: Supplementary Material for: Evidence of Interaction between Type 2 Diabetes Susceptibility Genes and Dietary Fat Intake for Adiposity and Glucose Homeostasis-Related Phenotypes

description: <i>Background/Aims:</i> Genome-wide association studies have led to the identification of several susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that the associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes and adiposity and glucose homeostasis-related phenotypes are influenced by dietary fat intake. <i>Methods:</i> Thirty-three SNPs in 9 T2DM genes <i>(CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, HHEX, HNF1B, IGF2BP2, KCNJ11, SLC30A8, TCF7L2</i> and <i>WFS1)</i> were tested in a maximum of 669 subjects from the Quebec Family Study. Subjects were measured for several adiposity indices and underwent a 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test. Total fat intake was estimated from a 3-day dietary record. <i>Results:</i> We observed 13 significant (p ≤ 0.01) SNP-dietary fat interactions. Among them, <i>IGF2BP2</i> rs4402960, alone or in interaction with dietary fat intake, influenced abdominal total fat (ATF: SNP effect, p = 0.006, interaction effect, p = 0.009) and abdominal visceral fat (AVF: SNP effect, p = 0.007, interaction effect, p = 0.01). Similarly, <i>TCF7L2</i> rs12573128 alone or in interaction with dietary fat intake, influenced insulin sensitivity (SNP effect and interaction effect, p ≤ 0.008) and glucose tolerance (SNP effect p ≤ 0.009 and interaction effect, p ≤ 0.01). <i>Conclusion:</i> These results suggest that gene-dietary fat interactions may influence glucose homeostasis-related phenotypes and play an important role in determining the increased risk of diabetes associated with the T2DM susceptibility genes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120899
title: Supplementary Material for: Patterns of Cortical Thickness according to APOE Genotype in Alzheimer’s Disease

description: <i>Background:</i> Possession of one or more apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 alleles may influence the distribution of atrophy and clinical phenotype. We aimed to assess the influence of APOE genotype on cortical thickness and regional brain volumes in AD (Alzheimer’s disease).<i> Methods:</i> We included 38 patients (9 ε4 non-carriers, 23 ε4 heterozygotes, 6 ε4 homozygotes) and 23 controls. Each subject had 2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and a neuropsychological battery. Cortical thickness and isthmus cingulate volume were measured using FreeSurfer; the volumes of the hippocampus, whole brain, and lateral ventricles were calculated using manual and semi-automated volumetry. <i>Results:</i> Compared with controls, cortical thickness was significantly lower: in the bilateral temporal, posterior parietal and occipital regions in non-carriers, in the medial temporal and left parietal regions in heterozygotes, and in the medial temporal lobe in homozygotes. Comparisons between AD subgroups did not show significant differences. A trend for larger brain and isthmus cingulate volumes and smaller hippocampal and ventricular volumes with increasing ε4 dose were seen. These differences were supported by neuropsychological profiles. <i>Conclusion:</i> These results suggest that APOE genotype may influence the topography of regional atrophy and cortical thinning in AD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120896
title: Supplementary Material for: Habitat Quality of the Woolly Spider Monkey <i>(Brachyteles hypoxanthus)</i>

description: This study examines how habitat structure affects the home range use of a group of <i>Brachyteles hypoxanthus</i> in the Brigadeiro State Park, Brazil. It has been reported that most of the annual feeding time of woolly spider monkeys is spent eating leaves, but they prefer fruits when available. We hypothesise that the protein-to-fibre ratio (PF; best descriptor of habitat quality for folivorous primates) is a better descriptor of habitat quality and abundance for these primates than the structural attributes of forests (basal area is the best descriptor of habitat quality for frugivorous primates of Africa and Asia). We evaluated plant community structure, successional status, and PF of leaf samples from the dominant tree populations, both within the core and from a non-core area of the home range of our study group. Forest structure was a combination of stem density and basal area of dominant tree populations. The core area had larger trees, a higher forest basal area, and higher stem density than the non-core area. Mean PF did not differ significantly between these sites, although PF was influenced by differences in tree regeneration guilds. Large-bodied monkeys could be favoured by later successional stages of forests because larger trees and denser stems prevent the need for a higher expenditure of energy for locomotion as a consequence of vertical travel when the crowns of trees are disconnected in early successional forests. Forest structure variables (such as basal area of trees) driven by succession influence woolly spider monkey abundance in a fashion similar to frugivorous monkeys of Asia and Africa, and could explain marked differences in ranging behaviour and home range use by<i> B. hypoxanthus</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120902.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Structural Analysis of Heschl’s Gyrus in Schizophrenia Patients with Auditory Hallucinations

description: <i>Background/Aims:</i> Heschl’s gyrus (HG) is functionally involved in the genesis of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). This dysfunction seems to be structurally facilitated. The aim of the study was to analyze macrostructural features of HG in a group of patients reporting AVH who demonstrated white matter diffusion tensor imaging abnormalities reported previously. <i>Methods:</i> 3-D anatomical MR scans were obtained (patients with and without history of AVH, controls). HG was delineated by manual segmentation. Cortical folding, absolute and relative volumes, laterality were analyzed. <i>Results:</i> According to the literature, in the collapsed group of patients, the normal left-greater-than-right laterality of HG was attenuated. We found a trend towards a higher number of duplicated HG in hallucinating patients. We also found a bigger volume of HG in the right hemisphere in hallucinating patients. This effect was caused by gray and white matter increase. <i>Conclusions:</i> This is the first study on manual volumetry of HG in a group of schizophrenia patients with AVH compared to patients without AVH. In a previous analysis of the diffusion tensor imaging data of the here presented sample, we found higher directionality of the arcuate fasciculus in patients with AVH, facilitating abnormal co-activation in the auditory cortices in the hallucinating brain. As these abnormal activations are frequent in hallucinating patients, the here described volume increase of HG might be interpreted as compensatory plastic adaptations of the contralateral regions. We suggest that this volume increase of HG is caused by the symptomatology and not by the underlying disorder of schizophrenia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120893
title: Supplementary Material for: Which Is More Valid for Stroke Patients: Generic or Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Measures?

description: <i>Background:</i> It remains unclear whether a generic or specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure is more valid for stroke. <i>Aim: </i>The aim of this study is to compare the validity of SF-36, a generic measure, and HRQOL in stroke patients (HRQOLISP), a stroke-specific measure, for assessing post-stroke HRQOL. <i>Methods:</i> The validity of HRQOLISP and SF-36 was compared in a cross-sectional study of 100 stroke survivors. The Stroke Levity Scale and modified Rankin Scale were applied to measure stroke severity and disability, respectively. <i>Results:</i> Both measures exhibited adequate ‘known-groups’ and construct validity. However, the SF-36 lacked content validity for the cognitive domain and personal constructs including spiritual functioning. Most SF-36 subscales had substantial floor or ceiling effects. The HRQOLISP demonstrated better content and internal consistency validity and no significant floor or ceiling effect. <i>Conclusions:</i> Like other stroke-specific measures, HRQOLISP was better than SF-36 in most parameters of validity considered. The SF-36 is designed for comparison among different diseases and may not be suitable for clinical trials or studies of internal adaptation, cognitive or spiritual functioning in stroke. This is because it lacks content validity for these domains and may underestimate health changes in most subscales.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120905.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: A Multicenter Pilot Study of a Bronchial Valve for the Treatment of Severe Emphysema

description: <i>Background:</i> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects millions of people and has limited treatment options. Surgical treatments for severe COPD with emphysema are effective for highly selected patients. A minimally invasive method for treating emphysema could decrease morbidity and increase acceptance by patients. <i>Objective:</i> To study the safety and effectiveness of the IBV® Valve for the treatment of severe emphysema. <i>Methods:</i> A multicenter study treated 91 patients with severe obstruction, hyperinflation and upper lobe (UL)-predominant emphysema with 609 bronchial valves placed bilaterally into ULs. <i>Results:</i> Valves were placed in desired airways with 99.7% technical success and no migration or erosion. There were no procedure-related deaths and 30-day morbidity and mortality were 5.5 and 1.1%, respectively. Pneumothorax was the most frequent serious device-related complication and primarily occurred when all segments of a lobe, especially the left UL, were occluded. Highly significant health-related quality of life (HRQL) improvement (–8.2 ± 16.2, mean ± SD change at 6 months) was observed. HRQL improvement was associated with a decreased volume (mean –294 ± 427 ml, p = 0.007) in the treated lobes without visible atelectasis. FEV<sub>1</sub>, exercise tests, and total lung volume were not changed but there was a proportional shift, a redirection of inspired volume to the untreated lobes. Combined with perfusion scan changes, this suggests that there is improved ventilation and perfusion matching in non-UL lung parenchyma. <i>Conclusion:</i> Bronchial valve treatment of emphysema has multiple mechanisms of action and acceptable safety, and significantly improves quality of life for the majority of patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120887
title: Supplementary Material for: Olive Oil and Cognition: Results from the Three-City Study

description: <i>Background:</i> Olive oil is a major component of the Mediterranean diet suggested to be beneficial to counteract Alzheimer’s disease. <i>Aim of the Study:</i> Our objective was to examine the association between olive oil use, cognitive deficit and cognitive decline in a large elderly population. <i>Methods:</i> We followed 6,947 subjects with a brief baseline food frequency questionnaire and repeated cognitive tests. Olive oil intake was categorized as none (22.7%), moderate (use for cooking or dressing, 39.9%) and intensive (use for both cooking and dressing, 37.4%). Associations between olive oil and cognitive outcomes were examined taking into account socio-economic factors, health behaviors, health measures and other dietary intakes. <i>Results:</i> Participants with moderate or intensive use of olive oil compared to those who never used olive oil showed lower odds of cognitive deficit for verbal fluency and visual memory. For cognitive decline during the 4-year follow-up, the association with intensive use was significant for visual memory (adjusted OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69–0.99) but not for verbal fluency (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.70–1.03) in multivariate analysis. <i>Conclusions:</i> This olive oil-cognition association needs to be confirmed by further studies. However, our findings already shed light on the potential importance of olive oil in the Mediterranean diet and on its beneficial effects on health.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120890
title: Supplementary Material for: Anosognosia for Behavioral Disturbances in Frontotemporal Dementia and Corticobasal Syndrome: A Voxel-Based Morphometry Study

description: <i>Background:</i> Patients with syndromes of the frontotemporal dementia spectrum are frequently unaware of their behavioral changes. <i>Methods:</i> Seventy patients with a clinical diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bv-FTD, n = 27), aphasic variant frontotemporal dementia (a-FTD, n = 12) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS, n = 31) participated in the study. Anosognosia for behavioral disturbances was measured as discrepancy between caregiver’s and patient’s ratings on the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale for <i>present</i> and <i>premorbid</i> behavioral symptoms. Voxel-based morphometry analysis of MRI data was performed to explore the association between anosognosia and gray matter loss. <i>Results:</i> Although behavioral symptoms were reported in all the groups, the comparison between present and premorbid anosognosia revealed that bv-FTD patients not only underestimated their present behavioral disturbances compared to their caregivers, but also overestimated their premorbidbehavioral disturbances. Across all groups, the degree of anosognosia for present behavioral impairment correlated with gray matter atrophy in a posterior region of the right superior temporal sulcus (adjacent to the temporoparietal junction). <i>Conclusion:</i> These results confirm the role of the right temporoparietal cortex in the genesis of anosognosia and suggest that, in clinical syndromes of the frontotemporal dementia spectrum, anosognosia is associated with the dysfunction of temporoparietal mechanisms of self versus others knowledge.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120896.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Habitat Quality of the Woolly Spider Monkey <i>(Brachyteles hypoxanthus)</i>

description: This study examines how habitat structure affects the home range use of a group of <i>Brachyteles hypoxanthus</i> in the Brigadeiro State Park, Brazil. It has been reported that most of the annual feeding time of woolly spider monkeys is spent eating leaves, but they prefer fruits when available. We hypothesise that the protein-to-fibre ratio (PF; best descriptor of habitat quality for folivorous primates) is a better descriptor of habitat quality and abundance for these primates than the structural attributes of forests (basal area is the best descriptor of habitat quality for frugivorous primates of Africa and Asia). We evaluated plant community structure, successional status, and PF of leaf samples from the dominant tree populations, both within the core and from a non-core area of the home range of our study group. Forest structure was a combination of stem density and basal area of dominant tree populations. The core area had larger trees, a higher forest basal area, and higher stem density than the non-core area. Mean PF did not differ significantly between these sites, although PF was influenced by differences in tree regeneration guilds. Large-bodied monkeys could be favoured by later successional stages of forests because larger trees and denser stems prevent the need for a higher expenditure of energy for locomotion as a consequence of vertical travel when the crowns of trees are disconnected in early successional forests. Forest structure variables (such as basal area of trees) driven by succession influence woolly spider monkey abundance in a fashion similar to frugivorous monkeys of Asia and Africa, and could explain marked differences in ranging behaviour and home range use by<i> B. hypoxanthus</i>.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120899.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Patterns of Cortical Thickness according to APOE Genotype in Alzheimer’s Disease

description: <i>Background:</i> Possession of one or more apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 alleles may influence the distribution of atrophy and clinical phenotype. We aimed to assess the influence of APOE genotype on cortical thickness and regional brain volumes in AD (Alzheimer’s disease).<i> Methods:</i> We included 38 patients (9 ε4 non-carriers, 23 ε4 heterozygotes, 6 ε4 homozygotes) and 23 controls. Each subject had 2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and a neuropsychological battery. Cortical thickness and isthmus cingulate volume were measured using FreeSurfer; the volumes of the hippocampus, whole brain, and lateral ventricles were calculated using manual and semi-automated volumetry. <i>Results:</i> Compared with controls, cortical thickness was significantly lower: in the bilateral temporal, posterior parietal and occipital regions in non-carriers, in the medial temporal and left parietal regions in heterozygotes, and in the medial temporal lobe in homozygotes. Comparisons between AD subgroups did not show significant differences. A trend for larger brain and isthmus cingulate volumes and smaller hippocampal and ventricular volumes with increasing ε4 dose were seen. These differences were supported by neuropsychological profiles. <i>Conclusion:</i> These results suggest that APOE genotype may influence the topography of regional atrophy and cortical thinning in AD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120893.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Which Is More Valid for Stroke Patients: Generic or Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Measures?

description: <i>Background:</i> It remains unclear whether a generic or specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure is more valid for stroke. <i>Aim: </i>The aim of this study is to compare the validity of SF-36, a generic measure, and HRQOL in stroke patients (HRQOLISP), a stroke-specific measure, for assessing post-stroke HRQOL. <i>Methods:</i> The validity of HRQOLISP and SF-36 was compared in a cross-sectional study of 100 stroke survivors. The Stroke Levity Scale and modified Rankin Scale were applied to measure stroke severity and disability, respectively. <i>Results:</i> Both measures exhibited adequate ‘known-groups’ and construct validity. However, the SF-36 lacked content validity for the cognitive domain and personal constructs including spiritual functioning. Most SF-36 subscales had substantial floor or ceiling effects. The HRQOLISP demonstrated better content and internal consistency validity and no significant floor or ceiling effect. <i>Conclusions:</i> Like other stroke-specific measures, HRQOLISP was better than SF-36 in most parameters of validity considered. The SF-36 is designed for comparison among different diseases and may not be suitable for clinical trials or studies of internal adaptation, cognitive or spiritual functioning in stroke. This is because it lacks content validity for these domains and may underestimate health changes in most subscales.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120881
title: Supplementary Material for: Expression of the Inhibitory CD200 Receptor Is Associated with Alternative Macrophage Activation

description: Classical macrophage activation is inhibited by the CD200 receptor (CD200R). Here, we show that CD200R expression was specifically induced on human in vitro polarized macrophages of the alternatively activated M2a subtype, generated by incubation with IL-4 or IL-13. In mice, peritoneal M2 macrophages, elicited during infection with the parasites <i>Taenia crassiceps</i> or <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i>, expressed increased CD200R levels compared to those derived from uninfected mice. However, in vitrostimulation of mouse peritoneal macrophages and <i>T. crassiceps</i> infection in IL-4–/– and IL-4R–/– mice showed that, in contrast to humans, induction of CD200R in mice was not IL-4 or IL-13 dependent. Our data identify CD200R as a suitable marker for alternatively activated macrophages in humans and corroborate observations of distinct species- and/or site-specific mechanisms regulating macrophage polarization in mouse and man.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5120884
title: Supplementary Material for: Novel Hepatitis B Virus Subgenotype in the Southern Yunnan Province of China

description: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly prevalent in China. To identify the genotypes of HBV in the southern Yunnan Province of China, full-length HBV genomes were extracted from 1 Dai and 4 Hani HBV carriers and linked with the pMD T-18 vector. For each patient, 3–10 clones were sequenced directly and a consensus sequence was created. Genotypic and serotypic analysis revealed 4 HBV/B (2 B2 with adw2 and 2 new subgenotypes with ayw1) and 1 HBV/C (C1 with adrq+) genotypes. The divergences of the entire genome sequences of the new subgenotype were 0–0.9% and 2.99–6.48% between other known HBV/B. Divergences in other coding regions revealed that it was more similar to B3 and B4 in the precore/core gene (2.02 and 2.09%, respectively), and similar to B3 and B5 in the preS1/S2/S gene (2.24 and 2.78%, respectively). Phylogenetic trees using the precore/core and X genes both revealed a new clad separating from the major trunk of genotype B with a 99% bootstrap value. These results show that the 2 consensus isolates are a mosaic of B3–B5, which we designated to subgenotype B6. Considering the geographical distances, the relationship between B6 and other HBV/B subgenotypes (B3–B5) and HBV evolution needs to be further studied.