cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29487902.v1
title: Economic impact of a digital tobacco cessation program: healthcare savings and productivity gains in a self-insured manufacturing company

description: To quantify the return on investment of a digital tobacco cessation program from an employer perspective by analyzing healthcare cost savings and productivity gains in a real-world workplace setting. This quasi-experimental study analyzed medical claims data from a self-insured US manufacturing company, comparing healthcare costs between program enrollees (n = 153) and matched non-enrollees (n = 3,943) over a 12-month post-enrollment period. Exact and propensity score matching were used to address selection bias, followed by difference-in-differences analysis to control for temporal trends. The study population included employees and spouses continuously enrolled in the company health plan from November 2019 through December 2023. Administrative claims data captured all healthcare services, while productivity benefits were estimated through simulation modeling using published parameters and conservative assumptions for absenteeism reduction and presenteeism improvements. The analysis adopted an employer perspective with a one-year time horizon, incorporating both direct medical cost savings and indirect productivity gains. Program enrollees demonstrated $950 lower annual healthcare costs compared to matched non-enrollees within the first year of enrollment (95% CI: -$2,022 to $122; p = 0.083 using difference-in-differences analysis). Productivity gains contributed an additional $960 per enrollee (95% CI: $446-$1,614), resulting from reduced absenteeism and improved workplace performance. Combined healthcare and productivity savings totaled $1,910 per participant (95% CI: $694-$3,158). At a program cost of $200 per participant, this yielded a return on investment of $9.55 for every dollar invested (95% CI: 3.47-15.79). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robust positive returns across varying assumptions about abstinence rates and productivity parameters. Using rigorous econometric methods to minimize confounding bias, this analysis demonstrates substantial employer cost savings from implementing a digital tobacco cessation program. The nearly 10-fold return on investment, driven by both healthcare savings and productivity improvements, provides compelling economic evidence for employers evaluating digital health solutions in workplace wellness programs.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29107765
title: Use of external data to inform overall survival extrapolation in NICE technology appraisals for oncology drugs

description: To assess use of external evidence for overall survival (OS) estimation in oncology single-technology appraisals (STAs) by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). STAs for oncology drugs appraised by NICE between January 2021 and March 2023 were identified. For each eligible STA, OS extrapolation methods used, the rationale for using external data, the source and type of data, and information on acceptance by the evidence review group (ERG) and the appraisal committee were extracted. Initially, 215 STAs were identified, of which 82 were eligible for the study. Of these, 32 STAs used external data for OS extrapolation, including trial data (44%), real-world data (47%), clinical opinion (25%), meta-analysis (1%) and previous STA (1%). External data were used more frequently in state-transition models for post-event transitions and cure assumptions, and in partitioned-survival models to replace pivotal trial OS, inform long-term survival estimates or to estimate OS based on surrogacy analysis. Sensitivity analyses on use of external data was explored in 16 (50%) of the STAs. The committee accepted use of external data in half of the analysed STAs, acknowledging uncertainty in OS extrapolation. The analysis was limited to the STAs published between 2021 and 2023 and publicly available materials on the NICE website. This study provides an overview of external data used to estimate OS in oncology STAs conducted by NICE in recent years. External data, including trial data, real-world data and clinical opinions, were incorporated into recent oncology STAs at various modelling stages. ERGs and appraisal committees were generally accepting of the use of external data. However, it is crucial to conduct a sensitivity analysis and provide a justification for the methods and data source selection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29107765.v1
title: Use of external data to inform overall survival extrapolation in NICE technology appraisals for oncology drugs

description: To assess use of external evidence for overall survival (OS) estimation in oncology single-technology appraisals (STAs) by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). STAs for oncology drugs appraised by NICE between January 2021 and March 2023 were identified. For each eligible STA, OS extrapolation methods used, the rationale for using external data, the source and type of data, and information on acceptance by the evidence review group (ERG) and the appraisal committee were extracted. Initially, 215 STAs were identified, of which 82 were eligible for the study. Of these, 32 STAs used external data for OS extrapolation, including trial data (44%), real-world data (47%), clinical opinion (25%), meta-analysis (1%) and previous STA (1%). External data were used more frequently in state-transition models for post-event transitions and cure assumptions, and in partitioned-survival models to replace pivotal trial OS, inform long-term survival estimates or to estimate OS based on surrogacy analysis. Sensitivity analyses on use of external data was explored in 16 (50%) of the STAs. The committee accepted use of external data in half of the analysed STAs, acknowledging uncertainty in OS extrapolation. The analysis was limited to the STAs published between 2021 and 2023 and publicly available materials on the NICE website. This study provides an overview of external data used to estimate OS in oncology STAs conducted by NICE in recent years. External data, including trial data, real-world data and clinical opinions, were incorporated into recent oncology STAs at various modelling stages. ERGs and appraisal committees were generally accepting of the use of external data. However, it is crucial to conduct a sensitivity analysis and provide a justification for the methods and data source selection.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28910065
title: The multiple criteria qualitative value-based pricing framework “MARIE” for new clinical status

description: Adjustment of drug prices after the change of their clinical status in the current drug pricing system in Japan functions as an appropriate allocation mechanism for drug expenditures under the universal health insurance system. However, the failure to incorporate a drug’s value when determining its price decreases pharmaceutical companies’ motivation to develop and launch novel drugs in Japan. In this study, we applied the value-based pricing framework MARIE to drugs with new clinical status. We estimated drug prices at the time of approval for the initial indication and new clinical status, with a total of 32 drugs by using MARIE. To estimate maximum number of patients for the new clinical status, we referred to the market expansion rate and calculated it backwards. As a result, the median change of MARIE-estimated price under new clinical status against those under initial indication was −50.24% (range, −80.36% to 16.39%). For the initial indication, the median ratio of the drug price estimated with MARIE to the initial list price was 122.12% (range, 15.57% to 2237.38%); the median ratio of actual to estimated drug price were similar to those in our previous study (125.65%). We proposed the versatile, practical, convenient, multiple criteria, qualitative VBP framework MARIE for the new clinical status. Under the MARIE system, price would only be changed when the “box” (category of the maximum number of patients) in the conversion table of the maximum number of the patients changes as the environment changes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28910065.v1
title: The multiple criteria qualitative value-based pricing framework “MARIE” for new clinical status

description: Adjustment of drug prices after the change of their clinical status in the current drug pricing system in Japan functions as an appropriate allocation mechanism for drug expenditures under the universal health insurance system. However, the failure to incorporate a drug’s value when determining its price decreases pharmaceutical companies’ motivation to develop and launch novel drugs in Japan. In this study, we applied the value-based pricing framework MARIE to drugs with new clinical status. We estimated drug prices at the time of approval for the initial indication and new clinical status, with a total of 32 drugs by using MARIE. To estimate maximum number of patients for the new clinical status, we referred to the market expansion rate and calculated it backwards. As a result, the median change of MARIE-estimated price under new clinical status against those under initial indication was −50.24% (range, −80.36% to 16.39%). For the initial indication, the median ratio of the drug price estimated with MARIE to the initial list price was 122.12% (range, 15.57% to 2237.38%); the median ratio of actual to estimated drug price were similar to those in our previous study (125.65%). We proposed the versatile, practical, convenient, multiple criteria, qualitative VBP framework MARIE for the new clinical status. Under the MARIE system, price would only be changed when the “box” (category of the maximum number of patients) in the conversion table of the maximum number of the patients changes as the environment changes.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.uk539q
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 16020 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "GadmGid is one of (ARG, CHL, PRY, URY, FLK, BRA.21_1, BRA.16_1, BRA.24_1)",
 "TaxonKey is Onagraceae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 16020 records from 174 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0003265-260120142942310/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30011118
title: Continuity of care for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: an analysis of real-world data

description: This study hypothesized that greater continuity of care (CoC) would be associated with lower all-cause healthcare resource utilization and improved overall survival (OS) among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) among patients who received covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (cBTKi)-based therapy. Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics<sup>®</sup> Data Mart Database was used for this retrospective study. Patient-level CoC measured by continuity of hematologist/oncologist provider care was evaluated using published measures; the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was the primary measure (range 0 = no continuity to 1.0 = complete continuity). Outcomes included all-cause emergency room (ER) visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and OS. Multivariable regression models (logistic, negative binomial, and Cox proportional hazards), adjusted for baseline covariates, were conducted to evaluate the relationship of CoC with outcomes. In total, 5,990 patients were included in the analysis; median follow-up was 31.8 months. Median HHI was 0.7210 (interquartile range = 0.4749, 1.0000). With higher CoC, there were lower odds of having an ER visit (HHI odds ratio [OR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.91; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), lower number of ER visits (HHI rate ratio [RR] = 0.93; 95%CI 0.92–0.94; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), lower odds of inpatient hospitalization (HHI OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.84–0.87; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and lower number of hospitalizations (HHI RR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.88–0.90; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). There was no significant difference in OS (HHI hazard ratio = 0.99 (95%CI: 0.97–1.01) <i>p</i> = 0.18. Causality cannot be inferred in this retrospective study. Greater CoC was significantly associated with reduced ER visits and reduced hospitalization, among patients diagnosed with CLL who received cBTKi therapy. While interpretation may be limited in the retrospective design, sensitivity and post-hoc analyses support this relationship. The findings from this study suggest the importance of maintaining a consistent oncologist/hematologist for the patient with CLL to reduce these healthcare events; however, causality cannot be inferred from this study. This retrospective real-world database study investigated the continuity of oncology provider care among patients with CLL, to understand the relationship between continuity of care (CoC) and healthcare resource utilization and patient outcomes. This study found that higher CoC was associated with lower healthcare resource utilization, but inconsistent findings were observed with overall survival. While a causal relationship cannot be determined, these findings suggest the importance of maintaining consistent oncologist/hematologist care for the patient with CLL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30011118.v3
title: Continuity of care for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: an analysis of real-world data

description: This study hypothesized that greater continuity of care (CoC) would be associated with lower all-cause healthcare resource utilization and improved overall survival (OS) among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) among patients who received covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (cBTKi)-based therapy. Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics<sup>®</sup> Data Mart Database was used for this retrospective study. Patient-level CoC measured by continuity of hematologist/oncologist provider care was evaluated using published measures; the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was the primary measure (range 0 = no continuity to 1.0 = complete continuity). Outcomes included all-cause emergency room (ER) visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and OS. Multivariable regression models (logistic, negative binomial, and Cox proportional hazards), adjusted for baseline covariates, were conducted to evaluate the relationship of CoC with outcomes. In total, 5,990 patients were included in the analysis; median follow-up was 31.8 months. Median HHI was 0.7210 (interquartile range = 0.4749, 1.0000). With higher CoC, there were lower odds of having an ER visit (HHI odds ratio [OR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.91; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), lower number of ER visits (HHI rate ratio [RR] = 0.93; 95%CI 0.92–0.94; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), lower odds of inpatient hospitalization (HHI OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.84–0.87; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and lower number of hospitalizations (HHI RR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.88–0.90; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). There was no significant difference in OS (HHI hazard ratio = 0.99 (95%CI: 0.97–1.01) <i>p</i> = 0.18. Causality cannot be inferred in this retrospective study. Greater CoC was significantly associated with reduced ER visits and reduced hospitalization, among patients diagnosed with CLL who received cBTKi therapy. While interpretation may be limited in the retrospective design, sensitivity and post-hoc analyses support this relationship. The findings from this study suggest the importance of maintaining a consistent oncologist/hematologist for the patient with CLL to reduce these healthcare events; however, causality cannot be inferred from this study. This retrospective real-world database study investigated the continuity of oncology provider care among patients with CLL, to understand the relationship between continuity of care (CoC) and healthcare resource utilization and patient outcomes. This study found that higher CoC was associated with lower healthcare resource utilization, but inconsistent findings were observed with overall survival. While a causal relationship cannot be determined, these findings suggest the importance of maintaining consistent oncologist/hematologist care for the patient with CLL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30011118.v2
title: Continuity of care for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: an analysis of real-world data

description: This study hypothesized that greater continuity of care (CoC) would be associated with lower all-cause healthcare resource utilization and improved overall survival (OS) among patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL) among patients who received covalent Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (cBTKi)-based therapy. Optum’s de-identified Clinformatics<sup>®</sup> Data Mart Database was used for this retrospective study. Patient-level CoC measured by continuity of hematologist/oncologist provider care was evaluated using published measures; the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) was the primary measure (range 0 = no continuity to 1.0 = complete continuity). Outcomes included all-cause emergency room (ER) visits, inpatient hospitalizations, and OS. Multivariable regression models (logistic, negative binomial, and Cox proportional hazards), adjusted for baseline covariates, were conducted to evaluate the relationship of CoC with outcomes. In total, 5,990 patients were included in the analysis; median follow-up was 31.8 months. Median HHI was 0.7210 (interquartile range = 0.4749, 1.0000). With higher CoC, there were lower odds of having an ER visit (HHI odds ratio [OR] = 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.91; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), lower number of ER visits (HHI rate ratio [RR] = 0.93; 95%CI 0.92–0.94; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), lower odds of inpatient hospitalization (HHI OR = 0.85; 95%CI: 0.84–0.87; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and lower number of hospitalizations (HHI RR = 0.89; 95%CI: 0.88–0.90; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). There was no significant difference in OS (HHI hazard ratio = 0.99 (95%CI: 0.97–1.01) <i>p</i> = 0.18. Causality cannot be inferred in this retrospective study. Greater CoC was significantly associated with reduced ER visits and reduced hospitalization, among patients diagnosed with CLL who received cBTKi therapy. While interpretation may be limited in the retrospective design, sensitivity and post-hoc analyses support this relationship. The findings from this study suggest the importance of maintaining a consistent oncologist/hematologist for the patient with CLL to reduce these healthcare events; however, causality cannot be inferred from this study. This retrospective real-world database study investigated the continuity of oncology provider care among patients with CLL, to understand the relationship between continuity of care (CoC) and healthcare resource utilization and patient outcomes. This study found that higher CoC was associated with lower healthcare resource utilization, but inconsistent findings were observed with overall survival. While a causal relationship cannot be determined, these findings suggest the importance of maintaining consistent oncologist/hematologist care for the patient with CLL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28588419
title: Cost-effectiveness analysis of bispecific antibody faricimab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema in Japan

description: To assess the cost-effectiveness of faricimab <i>vs.</i> other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) in Japan, while considering societal burden associated with treatment. A Markov model for cost-effectiveness analysis of anti-VEGF treatment in patients with nAMD and DME was applied based on cost and utility value data from Japan. Faricimab administered through a treat-and-extend (T&E) regimen was compared with ranibizumab administered pro re nata (PRN) and T&E, aflibercept T&E, brolucizumab T&E, and best supportive care (BSC). Further to treatment costs (public payer perspective), the societal burden (societal perspective), including costs of travel, informal care, and productivity, was assessed. In treatment of nAMD, lifetime quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained were highest with faricimab (faricimab T&E: 6.92, ranibizumab PRN: 6.88, ranibizumab T&E: 6.91, aflibercept T&E: 6.89, brolucizumab T&E: 6.89, BSC: 5.99). From the public payer perspective, the lifetime total cost for faricimab T&E was lower than those for ranibizumab (PRN, T&E) and brolucizumab (T&E), comparable to aflibercept T&E, and higher than BSC (incremental costs: 158,385 and 6,475,511 JPY, respectively). As a result, faricimab was cost-effective or dominant in the treatment of nAMD, excluding BSC. From the societal perspective, faricimab was dominant against all comparators in nAMD. In treatment of DME, QALYs gained were highest with faricimab (faricimab T&E: 8.51, ranibizumab PRN: 8.17, aflibercept PRN: 8.36, ranibizumab T&E: 8.13, BSC: 5.16). From both the public payer and societal perspectives, faricimab was dominant against all comparators in DME. When societal burdens were considered, faricimab was dominant in both nAMD and DME against all comparators, suggesting that the extended dosing interval associated with faricimab treatment may alleviate societal burdens and consequently improve patient outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28588419.v2
title: Cost-effectiveness analysis of bispecific antibody faricimab for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema in Japan

description: To assess the cost-effectiveness of faricimab <i>vs.</i> other anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) drugs for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME) in Japan, while considering societal burden associated with treatment. A Markov model for cost-effectiveness analysis of anti-VEGF treatment in patients with nAMD and DME was applied based on cost and utility value data from Japan. Faricimab administered through a treat-and-extend (T&E) regimen was compared with ranibizumab administered pro re nata (PRN) and T&E, aflibercept T&E, brolucizumab T&E, and best supportive care (BSC). Further to treatment costs (public payer perspective), the societal burden (societal perspective), including costs of travel, informal care, and productivity, was assessed. In treatment of nAMD, lifetime quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained were highest with faricimab (faricimab T&E: 6.92, ranibizumab PRN: 6.88, ranibizumab T&E: 6.91, aflibercept T&E: 6.89, brolucizumab T&E: 6.89, BSC: 5.99). From the public payer perspective, the lifetime total cost for faricimab T&E was lower than those for ranibizumab (PRN, T&E) and brolucizumab (T&E), comparable to aflibercept T&E, and higher than BSC (incremental costs: 158,385 and 6,475,511 JPY, respectively). As a result, faricimab was cost-effective or dominant in the treatment of nAMD, excluding BSC. From the societal perspective, faricimab was dominant against all comparators in nAMD. In treatment of DME, QALYs gained were highest with faricimab (faricimab T&E: 8.51, ranibizumab PRN: 8.17, aflibercept PRN: 8.36, ranibizumab T&E: 8.13, BSC: 5.16). From both the public payer and societal perspectives, faricimab was dominant against all comparators in DME. When societal burdens were considered, faricimab was dominant in both nAMD and DME against all comparators, suggesting that the extended dosing interval associated with faricimab treatment may alleviate societal burdens and consequently improve patient outcomes.