cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28613748.v1
title: Lipid profile and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease detected by ultrasonography: is systemic inflammation a necessary mediator?

description: To examine the relationship between lipid profile and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), compare the predictive strengths of different lipid indicators to NAFL, and explore the possible mechanisms. Male workers from a baseline survey of a cohort of workers in southern China were included. Basic information was collected through face-to-face interviews. Plasma concentrations of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were determined using a blood biochemical analyzer. Liver sonography was used to identify NAFL cases. Regression models were used to calculate ORs, and examine the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and lipid profiles. Restricted cubic spline regression with four knots was used to examine the dose-response relationship, and mediation analysis was employed to examine the mediation effect. h Among the 4016 male workers, 829 (20.64%) were diagnosed with NAFL. Compared with normal lipid profile, individuals with abnormal lipid profile had higher prevalence of NAFL (OR=2.27, 95%CI: 1.85-2.79 for TG; OR=1.45, 95%CI: 1.03-2.04 for TC; OR=1.56, 95%CI: 1.21-2.02 for HDL; OR=1.65, 95%CI: 1.25-2.18 for LDL; OR=2.28, 95%CI: 1.87-2.77 for dyslipidaemia) after adjusting for potential confounders. Dose-response relationships were observed among TG, HDL, and NAFL. In addition, no significant mediation effect of C-reactive protein (CRP) was found in the association between lipid profiles and NAFL. Abnormal TG, TC, HDL, and LDL levels were all positively associated with NAFL, while CRP has no mediating effect, and TG tended to be a better predictor of NAFL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29348146
title: Analyzing the global burden of 11 subtypes of congenital birth defects: trends, sociodemographic correlates, and outcomes from 1990 to 2021

description: Congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly affect child mortality and disability worldwide, yet regional understandings of their burden and contributing factors remain poorly defined. This study examines global trends in prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality related to CBDs and their 11 subtypes from 1990 to 2021. Employing data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, this cross-sectional analysis covers CBD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs among children aged 0–14 years. It also investigates relationships between these trends and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), employing advanced statistics like Joinpoint regression and heatmap analyses to elucidate geographic variations. From 1990 to 2021, global trends in CBD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs generally decreased. The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) presented the highest risk, with notable prevalence, mortality, and DALY rates. Among the 11 subtypes, congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies were most prevalent, while Turner syndrome was least common. Congenital heart anomalies recorded the highest mortality and DALYs. There was a negative correlation between CBD burden and SDI. The study underscores the global impact of CBDs on child health, pointing to significant regional disparities linked to socioeconomic factors. The findings advocate for enhanced prevention and management strategies specifically designed for regions with lower SDIs. The prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly decreased globally from 1990 to 2021, though notable regional disparities persist.A negative correlation was observed between the burden of CBDs and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), highlighting the role of socioeconomic development in reducing disease burden.The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) remains the critical window for addressing CBD burden, emphasizing the need for enhanced early screening and intervention programs globally. The prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly decreased globally from 1990 to 2021, though notable regional disparities persist. A negative correlation was observed between the burden of CBDs and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), highlighting the role of socioeconomic development in reducing disease burden. The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) remains the critical window for addressing CBD burden, emphasizing the need for enhanced early screening and intervention programs globally.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29348146.v2
title: Analyzing the global burden of 11 subtypes of congenital birth defects: trends, sociodemographic correlates, and outcomes from 1990 to 2021

description: Congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly affect child mortality and disability worldwide, yet regional understandings of their burden and contributing factors remain poorly defined. This study examines global trends in prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality related to CBDs and their 11 subtypes from 1990 to 2021. Employing data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, this cross-sectional analysis covers CBD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs among children aged 0–14 years. It also investigates relationships between these trends and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), employing advanced statistics like Joinpoint regression and heatmap analyses to elucidate geographic variations. From 1990 to 2021, global trends in CBD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs generally decreased. The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) presented the highest risk, with notable prevalence, mortality, and DALY rates. Among the 11 subtypes, congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies were most prevalent, while Turner syndrome was least common. Congenital heart anomalies recorded the highest mortality and DALYs. There was a negative correlation between CBD burden and SDI. The study underscores the global impact of CBDs on child health, pointing to significant regional disparities linked to socioeconomic factors. The findings advocate for enhanced prevention and management strategies specifically designed for regions with lower SDIs. The prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly decreased globally from 1990 to 2021, though notable regional disparities persist.A negative correlation was observed between the burden of CBDs and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), highlighting the role of socioeconomic development in reducing disease burden.The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) remains the critical window for addressing CBD burden, emphasizing the need for enhanced early screening and intervention programs globally. The prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly decreased globally from 1990 to 2021, though notable regional disparities persist. A negative correlation was observed between the burden of CBDs and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), highlighting the role of socioeconomic development in reducing disease burden. The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) remains the critical window for addressing CBD burden, emphasizing the need for enhanced early screening and intervention programs globally.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29348146.v1
title: Analyzing the global burden of 11 subtypes of congenital birth defects: trends, sociodemographic correlates, and outcomes from 1990 to 2021

description: Congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly affect child mortality and disability worldwide, yet regional understandings of their burden and contributing factors remain poorly defined. This study examines global trends in prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and mortality related to CBDs and their 11 subtypes from 1990 to 2021. Employing data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, this cross-sectional analysis covers CBD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs among children aged 0–14 years. It also investigates relationships between these trends and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), employing advanced statistics like Joinpoint regression and heatmap analyses to elucidate geographic variations. From 1990 to 2021, global trends in CBD prevalence, mortality, and DALYs generally decreased. The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) presented the highest risk, with notable prevalence, mortality, and DALY rates. Among the 11 subtypes, congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies were most prevalent, while Turner syndrome was least common. Congenital heart anomalies recorded the highest mortality and DALYs. There was a negative correlation between CBD burden and SDI. The study underscores the global impact of CBDs on child health, pointing to significant regional disparities linked to socioeconomic factors. The findings advocate for enhanced prevention and management strategies specifically designed for regions with lower SDIs. The prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly decreased globally from 1990 to 2021, though notable regional disparities persist.A negative correlation was observed between the burden of CBDs and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), highlighting the role of socioeconomic development in reducing disease burden.The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) remains the critical window for addressing CBD burden, emphasizing the need for enhanced early screening and intervention programs globally. The prevalence, mortality, and DALYs attributable to congenital birth defects (CBDs) significantly decreased globally from 1990 to 2021, though notable regional disparities persist. A negative correlation was observed between the burden of CBDs and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), highlighting the role of socioeconomic development in reducing disease burden. The neonatal period (&lt;28 days) remains the critical window for addressing CBD burden, emphasizing the need for enhanced early screening and intervention programs globally.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28368698
title: Home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among older individuals of advanced age: a randomized controlled single-blind study

description: This research was to explore the effectiveness, safety, and adherence of home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among the self-reliant individuals of advanced age and analyzed the beneficial components. This randomized controlled single-blind study included 124 individuals aged 80 years and over(mean age 84.4±3.2 years). The test group (<i>n</i>=63) performed strength and balance exercises facilitated by sports video training (≥ 3 sessions a week, ≥ 30 minutes per session), while the control group (<i>n</i>=61) maintained their daily routines. We conducted a comprehensive geriatric assessment (self-care ability, muscle strength, mobility, cognition, and psychological status) at baseline and 12 months later and dynamic posture mapping for balance and gait. The test group had a decreased risk of falls compared to the control group (25.4%vs.44.3%, respectively; RR = 0.747; 95% CI: 0.551–0.975; <i>p</i> = 0.027). There was no statistically significant difference in the fall rate between the two groups (0.48 falls per person-year vs. 0.67 falls per person-year, respectively; IRR: 0.708; 95% CI: 0.394–1.275; <i>p</i> = 0.251). The composite equilibrium score (SOTcom) for vestibular and integrated balance on the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) increased in the test group, while SOTcom decreased in the control group. In the test group, there was a significant improvement in the indexes pertaining to response time, movement speed, directional control, and endpoint offset in some directions. Adherence was better in the test group, with 54.0% exercised ≥ 3 times per week and 28.6% exercised 1–2 times per week on average. Home-based strength and balance exercises improved balance and reduced the risk of falls among the individuals of advanced age. The video-guided, remotely monitored regimen demonstrated effectiveness, safety, and compliance, although scope for improvement remains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28368698.v1
title: Home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among older individuals of advanced age: a randomized controlled single-blind study

description: This research was to explore the effectiveness, safety, and adherence of home-based strength and balance exercises for fall prevention among the self-reliant individuals of advanced age and analyzed the beneficial components. This randomized controlled single-blind study included 124 individuals aged 80 years and over(mean age 84.4±3.2 years). The test group (<i>n</i>=63) performed strength and balance exercises facilitated by sports video training (≥ 3 sessions a week, ≥ 30 minutes per session), while the control group (<i>n</i>=61) maintained their daily routines. We conducted a comprehensive geriatric assessment (self-care ability, muscle strength, mobility, cognition, and psychological status) at baseline and 12 months later and dynamic posture mapping for balance and gait. The test group had a decreased risk of falls compared to the control group (25.4%vs.44.3%, respectively; RR = 0.747; 95% CI: 0.551–0.975; <i>p</i> = 0.027). There was no statistically significant difference in the fall rate between the two groups (0.48 falls per person-year vs. 0.67 falls per person-year, respectively; IRR: 0.708; 95% CI: 0.394–1.275; <i>p</i> = 0.251). The composite equilibrium score (SOTcom) for vestibular and integrated balance on the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) increased in the test group, while SOTcom decreased in the control group. In the test group, there was a significant improvement in the indexes pertaining to response time, movement speed, directional control, and endpoint offset in some directions. Adherence was better in the test group, with 54.0% exercised ≥ 3 times per week and 28.6% exercised 1–2 times per week on average. Home-based strength and balance exercises improved balance and reduced the risk of falls among the individuals of advanced age. The video-guided, remotely monitored regimen demonstrated effectiveness, safety, and compliance, although scope for improvement remains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29456290
title: Trimethylamine-<i>N</i>-oxide formation, the bacterial taxa involved and intervention strategies to reduce its concentration in the human body

description: This study reviews the different steps involved in trimethylamine-<i>N</i>-oxide (TMAO) formation, a gut microbiota (GM)-derived compound that promotes cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. The formation of TMAO is a metaorganismal process, where trimethylamine (TMA), produced from the dietary precursors betaine, L-carnitine and choline by various members of GM, is absorbed and subsequently oxidized by hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenases before entering the circulation. We provide an updated database on members of GM exhibiting different biochemical pathways and give comprehensive insights into tested as well as hypothetical treatment options to reduce TMAO concentrations in the body. Different angles involving nutrition, TMA-producing bacteria, and their enzymes, as well as host enzymes, are discussed. The study underlines the importance to design personalized therapies taking individual features, such as dietary habits and GM composition, into account. Given the multistep nature of TMAO formation, individualized precision multi-target strategies, for instance, reducing dietary precursors in combination with specific modulations of GM limiting growth/activity of TMA-producing bacteria, might be most successful.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29456290.v1
title: Trimethylamine-<i>N</i>-oxide formation, the bacterial taxa involved and intervention strategies to reduce its concentration in the human body

description: This study reviews the different steps involved in trimethylamine-<i>N</i>-oxide (TMAO) formation, a gut microbiota (GM)-derived compound that promotes cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. The formation of TMAO is a metaorganismal process, where trimethylamine (TMA), produced from the dietary precursors betaine, L-carnitine and choline by various members of GM, is absorbed and subsequently oxidized by hepatic flavin-containing monooxygenases before entering the circulation. We provide an updated database on members of GM exhibiting different biochemical pathways and give comprehensive insights into tested as well as hypothetical treatment options to reduce TMAO concentrations in the body. Different angles involving nutrition, TMA-producing bacteria, and their enzymes, as well as host enzymes, are discussed. The study underlines the importance to design personalized therapies taking individual features, such as dietary habits and GM composition, into account. Given the multistep nature of TMAO formation, individualized precision multi-target strategies, for instance, reducing dietary precursors in combination with specific modulations of GM limiting growth/activity of TMA-producing bacteria, might be most successful.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29410628
title: A systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence trends and risk factors for metachronous gastric lesions following endoscopic resection

description: Metachronous gastric lesions (MGLs) are a significant concern after endoscopic resection (ER) for precancerous lesions and early gastric cancers (EGCs). The follow-up strategy for the development of MGLs after ER remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the trend in the cumulative MGL incidence after ER and to identify risk factors of MGLs. We searched four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane Library) for studies reporting on patients who underwent ER, and performed meta-analysis. A dose-response analysis was performed to examine the association between follow-up time and cumulative MGL incidence after ER. Of the 423 studies initially retrieved, 18 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The overall cumulative MGL incidence after ER was 9.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 7.2%−1.9%). The cumulative MGL incidence in China (5.4%, 95% CI: 4.1%−6.8%) was significantly lower than those in Korea (10.2%, 95% CI: 7.2%–13.5%) and Japan (9.0%, 95% CI: 7.0%–13.2%). Dose-response analysis showed that cumulative MGL incidence increased rapidly during 3–7 years follow-up after ER. Male gender (HR = 1.283, 95% CI: 1.029–1.601), older age (HR = 1.025, 95% CI: 1.010–1.040), <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection (HR = 1.573, 95% CI: 1.048–2.362), severe intestinal metaplasia (IM) (HR = 3.423, 95% CI: 1.830–6.042) were significantly associated with MGLs after ER. Nearly 10% of patients develop MGLs after ER. Older age, persistent <i>H. pylori</i> infection, severe intestinal metaplasia, and male sex were independent risk factors. Given the increased incidence 3 year after ER, surveillance with intensified follow-up is necessary for high-risk patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29410628.v1
title: A systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence trends and risk factors for metachronous gastric lesions following endoscopic resection

description: Metachronous gastric lesions (MGLs) are a significant concern after endoscopic resection (ER) for precancerous lesions and early gastric cancers (EGCs). The follow-up strategy for the development of MGLs after ER remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the trend in the cumulative MGL incidence after ER and to identify risk factors of MGLs. We searched four databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane Library) for studies reporting on patients who underwent ER, and performed meta-analysis. A dose-response analysis was performed to examine the association between follow-up time and cumulative MGL incidence after ER. Of the 423 studies initially retrieved, 18 studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The overall cumulative MGL incidence after ER was 9.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 7.2%−1.9%). The cumulative MGL incidence in China (5.4%, 95% CI: 4.1%−6.8%) was significantly lower than those in Korea (10.2%, 95% CI: 7.2%–13.5%) and Japan (9.0%, 95% CI: 7.0%–13.2%). Dose-response analysis showed that cumulative MGL incidence increased rapidly during 3–7 years follow-up after ER. Male gender (HR = 1.283, 95% CI: 1.029–1.601), older age (HR = 1.025, 95% CI: 1.010–1.040), <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection (HR = 1.573, 95% CI: 1.048–2.362), severe intestinal metaplasia (IM) (HR = 3.423, 95% CI: 1.830–6.042) were significantly associated with MGLs after ER. Nearly 10% of patients develop MGLs after ER. Older age, persistent <i>H. pylori</i> infection, severe intestinal metaplasia, and male sex were independent risk factors. Given the increased incidence 3 year after ER, surveillance with intensified follow-up is necessary for high-risk patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28724608
title: Comprehensive characterization of the molecular feature of T cells in laryngeal cancer: evidence from integrated single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing data using multiple machine learning approaches

description: The clinical relevance of T cell-related molecules at single-cell resolution in laryngeal cancer (LC) has not been clarified. Three LC tissues and matching adjoining normal tissues from the hospital were used to perform 10X single-cell RNA sequencing. Hub T cell-related genes (TCRGs) were detected by applying ten machine learning (ML) techniques based TCGA and GEO databases, which were also utilized to create a prediction model (TCRG classifier) and a multicenter validation model. Lastly, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the TCRG’s correlation with immunological properties. The analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data revealed that T cells are the primary components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are significantly involved in cell differentiation pathways, and play a considerable role in intercellular communication. Based on 10 ML approaches, TCRG classifier were identified to develop and validate. The TCRG classifier exhibited excellent prognostic values with a mean C-index of 0.66 in six cohorts, serving as an independent risk factor (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Additionally, the TCRG exhibited a significant relationship with immune score, immune cell infiltration, immune-associated pathways, immune checkpoint inhibitors, human leukocyte antigen, and immunogenicity. Lastly, IPS, TCIC, TIDE, and IMvigor210 cohort analysis illustrated that the immunotherapy response may be accurately predicted using TCRG. A TCRG classifier is an excellent resource for predicting a patient’s prognosis, potentially guiding the preservation of laryngeal function, and identifying patients who may have a positive response to immunotherapy, which might have profound effects on therapeutic practice.