cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3416220
title: Dataset related to article: "Comparative Accuracy of Bowel Ultrasound Versus Magnetic Resonance Enterography in Combination With Colonoscopy in Assessing Crohn's Disease and Guiding Clinical Decision-making"

description: This record contains raw data related to article: "This record contains raw data related to article "Comparative Accuracy of Bowel Ultrasound Versus Magnetic Resonance Enterography in Combination With Colonoscopy in Assessing Crohn's Disease and Guiding Clinical Decision-making" The comparative accuracy of bowel ultrasound [US] versus magnetic resonance enterography [MRE] in combination with colonoscopy [CS] in assessing Crohn's disease [CD] and influencing the decision-making process is unknown. Methods: Consecutive ileo-colonic CD patients seen in a tertiary referral centre were prospectively assessed by MRE, CS, and bowel US, within 1 week. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value [PPV], and negative predictive value [NPV] of bowel US in assessing localisation, enhancement [presence of vascularisation at Power Doppler], active disease [presence of ulcers at colonoscopy], strictures, fistulas, and abscesses were calculated using CS + MRE findings together as a reference standard. Two blinded inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] specialists reviewed MRE and bowel US findings and were asked to decide the therapeutic strategy [continue versus change therapy]. Kappa agreement with clinical decision was calculated. Results: Sixty CD patients [36 with endoscopic disease activity, 28 with complications] were enrolled. For localisation, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV, and NPV of bowel US were 88%, 96%, 91%, 96%, and 85%, respectively; for enhancement, 87%, 92%, 89%, 93%, and 86%; for activity, 92%, 100%, 96%, 100%, and 94%; for strictures, 75%, 86%, 81%, 78%, and 83%; for fistulas, 100%, 98%, 98%, 66%, and 100%; for abscesses, 100%, 96%, 96%, 33%, and 100%. The concordance of management of CD patients based on bowel US or MRE findings, alone, compared with clinical decision, was 0.768 and 0.767, respectively [p &lt;0.001]. The concordance between bowel US and MRE on management of CD patients was 0.800 [p &lt;0.001]. Conclusions: Bowel US is very accurate in assessing CD and is a non-invasive, easy-to-use tool to manage CD patients in clinical practice.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.846
title: Temperature survey and microbial quality of chicken sausages during storage distribution in cold chain

description: Temperature survey was conducted for chicken sausages during chilled storage and distribution to retailer. Temperature history was recorded while physicochemical and total plate count was evaluated after storage and distribution. Chicken sausages were cooked at 80°C for 5 minutes before they were cooled to room temperature before packaged in a 0.5kg polyethylene bag. The sausages packs were then transferred to an ice slush bath for a rapid cooling before they were stored in a 55.2 m³ chiller until further distribution. The survey revealed that the mean temperature of packed sausages was from 21.2 to 31.5°C during packing. During ice slush cooling, the sausages were cooled down from the average temperature of 28.3 to 5°C in 120 minutes. The highest mean temperature recorded by data loggers (DL1 to DL18) were 3.9°C (DL15) in batch 1 in chilled storage. The highest TPC (5.25 log cfu/g) was found in the sausage pack located at the middle level of the back shelf on the left side of the chiller in batch 2. It was also found that temperature fluctuation had an effect on TPC and shear force of the sausages. In the distribution, the sausages were distributed using an unrefrigerated container truck from 7 pm to 5 am in the suburb of Bangkok. The result showed the temperature of the sausages increased from 6.5°C to 10.3°C during distribution for 7 hours. The highest mean temperature was 17.2°C and the TPC was 7.16 log cfu/g in the pack located in the lower level in truck container during distribution in zone 3. The predictive analysis showed the pathogens grew from an average of 0.1 log cfu/g to 0.2 log cfu/g during chiller storage and from an average of 0.1 log cfu/g to 1 log cfu/g during transportation in selected parameter from the worst case data from the surveys using the ComBase® predictor software.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.847
title: Institutional analysis of multinational corporations' corporate social responsibility policy and practice in Thailand : a case study of Toyota Motor Thailand

description: In recent times, Multinational Corporations (MNCs) have become very powerful and have great influence to affect the socio-economic condition of the countries hosting their subsidiary companies. This paper introduces Toyota Motor Thailand (TMT) as a case study to answer the questions which have been debated on the topics of MNCs and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in developing countries. These questions include: (1.) Whether CSR can help as a tool to elevate the standards and regulate MNCs in places where the government institutions are weak. (2.) Whether the globalization necessarily leads to irresponsibility. (3.) Whether the management of CSR in global firms is conducted in a way that aligns and converges with local practices into global forces, or the CSR policy is diverged to be more responsive to local institutional factors. Using a qualitative research methodology, the study focuses on the TMT’s environmental CSR policy that includes production externalities control, stakeholder management, and the firm’s contributions to Thai society. The cross comparison technique has been adopted along with the institutional framework of CSR by Dirk Matten and Jeremy Moon. This institutional framework has been used to analyze the globalization process of convergence & divergence in TMT’s CSR policy formation and implementation. The result shows that CSR policy formulation and implementation at TMT is considered a hybrid process with inclination towards global integration. Though the influence of institutional factors in Thailand remains significant, it appears limited when compared to the power of global influences and Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC)’s policy. The study also shows that convergence force induced by TMC led to improvements in corporate responsible practices.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.848
title: Accruals by going public firms

description: This thesis studies the level of discretionary accruals of Thai IPO firms both prior and post-IPO years. It provides evidence that Thai IPO firms, on average, utilize higher discretionary accruals during pre-IPO than post-IPO years. The findings are robust with respect to alternative discretionary accruals measures. I also comprehensively examine discretionary accruals among various characteristics of IPO firms. I find earnings management in IPO firms either audited by Big 4 or non-Big 4 auditors. Besides, I find IPO firms utilize greater discretionary accruals during pre- than post-IPO years regardless of the level of difficulty in valuation of work in process. In addition, I find discretionary accruals are higher during pre-IPO than post-IPO years regardless of ownership retention, institutional investor involvement and firm size. The results indicate that only IPO firms that use fixed price offering to set the offer price utilize higher discretionary accruals during pre-IPO than post-IPO years. I find that IPO firms manipulate their earnings in both pre- and post-IPO years regardless of sales growth. This thesis also examines the association between underpricing and earnings management in pre-IPO years and I find the positive relation between underpricing and earnings management. I conclude that IPO firms utilize higher discretionary accruals during pre- than post-IPO years. The level of discretionary accruals is different among various characteristics of IPO firms.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.849
title: An analysis of short sale and speed of price adjustment : evidence from the stock exchange of Thailand

description: We examine newly emerging equity market, the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET), since 2002 to 2009 in two main topics. First, we investigate time-of-the day short selling characteristics including short volume, short value and frequency of short sale. We find that intraday short selling patterns from SET result in W-shape. These W-shape patterns are the same for both investor types; individual and non-individual investors. This is consistent with the studies of Brock and Kleidon (1992) and Miller (1989) that there is a lot of trading at the open and close due to the inability to trade when market is closed. In addition, short sellers and short-term day trader tend to prevent holding their positions over night to avoid possible risk that occurs when market is closed. In the second part, we compare the speed of price adjustment between shortable and non-shortable stocks to new information. We apply the dynamic vector autoregressive method, introduced by Hasbrouck (1991a), to measure speed of price adjustment to firm-specific information. In addition, we utilize the Dimson beta regression and DELAY measures, introduced by Dimson (1979) and developed by Chordia and Swaminathan (2000), to evaluate the speed of price adjustment to market-wide information. We find that ability to short does not improve speed of price adjustment to both firm-specific and market-wide information. Our findings are robust in both up and down market conditions. These results are contrast to those found in a developed market (i.e., Hong Kong Stock Exchange) by Chen and Rhee (2010). We conclude that, in the SET, speed of price adjustment to new information for shortable stocks is not significantly higher than that of non-shortable stocks. The ability to short alone is not sufficient to improve the speed of price adjustment to new information. The frictions in the SET, such as high fees and lack of supply for shorting, possibly slow down the speed of price adjustment of shortable stocks to new information.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.850
title: Exchange rate hedging for internationally diversified equity fortfolios : the perspective of Thai investor

description: Even though many prior studies have confirmed the benefit of international portfolio diversification, most investors still concentrate their investment domestically. One reason for the home-bias problem in investment is the presence of an additional risk from investing abroad, the currency risk. In order to find out whether hedging exchange rate risk can lead to potential gain in international portfolio, over the period 2008 to 2011, we examined implementation of various hedging strategies on international equity portfolios investing in stock markets of developed countries and emerging countries in the viewpoint of Thai investors. We broadly divided our methodology which is an out of sample analysis into 4 steps. First, we used historical time series to estimate expected return and variance covariance matrices. Second, we used these matrices to construct equity portfolios. Third, we implemented various hedging strategies on the equity portfolios. Finally, we measured the results and test for performance improvements of the hedged portfolios. We found that the hedged stock portfolios in all cases have better performances than no hedging. Also, even though not all of the improvements in performances of our hedged portfolios are significant at the 5% level of significance, most of them are. Moreover, we found out that the full hedging is the best performing strategy in our study and the portfolios investing in developed countries have better performances than those investing in emerging countries.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.851
title: Dementia prevalence among the elderly in Taiban sub-district Samutprakarn province

description: The survey research conducted from June - July 2011 with the objectives to examine the dementia prevalence rate of elderly people, determine the factors associated with dementia of elderly people, determine the factors associated with basic activities of daily living of elderly people and determine the factors associated with instrument activities of daily living of elderly people in Taiban Sub-District, Mueang Samutprakarn District, Samutprakran Province, Thailand. Sampling group of 323 people was selected by simple random sampling method. Interview questionnaires were assessed on their validity and accuracy of contents by experts and their reliability by using Cronbach alpha co-efficiency test. The interview was conducted by the researcher. The materials consist of 3 parts: 1) the questionnaire relates to demographic factors of elderly. 2) The questionnaire relates to practical activities which evaluate functional ability of elderly on activities of daily living and 3) the questionnaire relates to cognitive assessment on dementia status and it is consist of 16 choices. The characteristics associated factors with dementia status were analyzed with specific statistic. The statistic were percent, mean, SD, and Chi-square test. The prevalence of dementia was 11.1 percent with 36 elderly people and also found in higher age, graduated from primary school, read barely literate, write barely literate, living with their spouse, moderate personal relation, unemployed with hemiplegia. To promote health among elderly especially elderly with no dementia or high risk of dementia, they should be educated and advised on prevention of cognitive disability from many organizations. Also should provide appropriate service such as improving health care team, supporting the community to promote exercise to all age, health check up at least one time per year and emphasize the members in family and community to take care the elderly especially those who were disability and dementia.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.852
title: Activity-based costing for refrigerated warehouse management

description: The activity-based costing concept has been applied by many researchers or by various businesses in order to acquire accurate cost information that is crucial for the management decision. Along with time, the activity-based costing concept has been developed in order to overcome the complicate method of the conventional activity-based costing, which is time-driven activity-based costing. However, this new method still has a limitation in applying to some resources. Therefore the objective of this thesis is to provide practical steps in developing an integrated model between the conventional ABC and time-driven ABC. The data and information for the case study will be gathered from a selected refrigerated warehouse in Thailand. The research findings show that for the refrigerated warehouse management that has variation of activities in serving each customer, the activity-based costing model is a good instrument for achieving a better cost information. Moreover, the use of time equation helps to reveal the process of the operation in the warehouse and easy to adapt to any change in process required by the customer.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.853
title: Effects of scaffolded reading experience instruction on English reading ability of Thai students in physical education program

description: This study investigated the effects of scaffolded reading experience instruction (SREI) on English reading ability of Thai students in physical education program and explored the students’ opinions towards the instruction. The participants were 25 first-year students in a physical education program. They represented Thai students with low English proficiency, but needed English reading skills to acquire world knowledge according to their profession. The experiment lasts 10 weeks. Paired sample t-test was applied to examine the differences between students’ mean scores from the pre and post English reading ability (ERA) test, whereas semi-structured interview was employed to measure the student’s opinions towards the instruction. The findings revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores the students received from the pretest and posttest at a significance level of 0.05. The students’ opinions towards the instruction were positive and they agreed that SREI can help improve their English reading ability.
DOI: 10.11578/1561996
title: Effects of Axial Boundary Conductivity on a Free Stewartson-Shercliff Layer

description: The effects of axial boundary conductivity on the formation and stability of a magnetized free Stewartson-Shercliff layer (SSL) in a short Taylor-Couette device are reported. As the axial field increases with insulating endcaps, hydrodynamic Kelvin-Helmholtz-type instabilities set in at the SSLs of the conducting fluid, resulting in a much reduced flow shear. With conducting endcaps, SSLs respond to an axial field weaker by the square root of the conductivity ratio of endcaps to fluid. Flow shear continuously builds up as the axial field increases despite the local violation of the Rayleigh criterion, leading to a large number of hydrodynamically unstable modes. Numerical simulations of both the mean flow and the instabilities are in agreement with the experimental results.
DOI: 10.11578/1561997
title: Laboratory study of low-beta forces in arched, line-tied magnetic flux ropes

description: The loss-of-equilibrium is a solar eruption mechanism whereby a sudden breakdown of the magnetohydrodynamic force balance in the Sun's corona ejects a massive burst of particles and energy into the heliosphere. Predicting a loss-of-equilibrium, which has more recently been formulated as the torus instability, relies on a detailed understanding of the various forces that hold the pre-eruption magnetic flux rope in equilibrium. Traditionally, idealized analytical force expressions are used to derive simplified eruption criteria that can be compared to solar observations and modeling. What is missing, however, is a validation that these idealized analytical force expressions can be applied to the line-tied, low-aspect-ratio conditions of the corona. In this paper, we address this shortcoming by using a laboratory experiment to study the forces that act on long-lived, arched, line-tied magnetic flux ropes. Three key force terms are evaluated over a wide range of experimental conditions: (1) the upward hoop force; (2) the downward strapping force; and (3) the downward toroidal field tension force. First, the laboratory force measurements show that, on average, the three aforementioned force terms cancel to produce a balanced line-tied equilibrium. This finding validates the laboratory force measurement techniques developed here, which were recently used to identify a dynamic toroidal field tension force that can prevent flux rope eruptions [Myers et al., Nature 528, 526 (2015)]. The verification of magnetic force balance also confirms the low-beta assumption that the plasma thermal pressure is negligible in these experiments. Next, the measured force terms are directly compared to their corresponding analytical expressions. While the measured and analytical forces are found to be well correlated, the low-aspect-ratio, line-tied conditions in the experiment are found to both reduce the measured hoop force and increase the measured tension force with respect to analytical expectations. These two co-directed effects combine to generate laboratory flux rope equilibria at lower altitudes than are predicted analytically. Such considerations are expected to modify the loss-of-equilibrium eruption criteria for analogous flux ropes in the solar corona.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.854
title: Co-expression of nectin-4 receptor and canine distemper viral antigen in naturally infected dogs

description: Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a virulent infected virus which threatens many mammalian species rendering multisystemic symptoms. The crucial cellular receptor for this virus is signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) which expressed on immune cells. It can infect in silencing SLAM expression cells including epithelium and central nervous system. The newly cellular receptor for Measles virus (MV), the closely related morbillivirus, has been investigated so-called nectin-4 receptor. The aims of this study were to investigate the distribution of nectin-4 receptor in canine tissues and to exhibit the co-localization of nectin-4 receptors and CDV in naturally infected canine tissues by double immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The 20 paraffin-embedded canine tissues were collected from Thailand and Vietnam. The routine histopatological process and CDV immunochemistry staining were done in various infected organs. For brain, the double immunohistochemistry between CDV and several brain markers were performed. Subsequently, the dual immunohistochemistry of nectin-4 receptor with CDV and several brain markers were processed. The pathognomonic lesions especially eosinophillic intranuclear or intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were seen in various organs. The CDV immuno-labeling cells were also noticed abundantly. In brain, the different cell infection was seen. There were co-harboring CDV and nectin-4 cells in glandular cells, various epithelium and neuron using both methods. The brain markers confirmed that nectin-4 expressed in neurons. The co-expression was also seen as same organs by immunofluorescence method. In conclusion, CDV also utilize the nectin-4 as an alternative potential cellular receptor through host cells especially various epithelial cells and neuronal cells. These findings might play a key role to elucidate the pathogenesis of canine distemper infection in depth.
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2012.855
title: Pesticide exposure of family in chili farm community, Hua-Rua sub-district, Muang district, Ubonratchathani province, Thailand

description: People living in agricultural communities can be exposed to agricultural pesticides from multiple pathways and sources. These include indirect exposure from household insecticides. The study population focused on people who living in an agricultural community in Hua-Rua sub-district, Muang district, Ubonratchathani province, Thailand recruited 54 occupational households and 54 non-occupational households to participate. Questionnaires on household pesticide use were completed by face to face interviews and observations. The results showed that 73.1% of the participants reported using household pesticides. Most of them (70.9%) used pesticides bottled sprays follow by mosquito coils (26.6%) for pest control in their house. About 82.3% of the household pesticide users reported using pesticide 1-2 times per week and 45.4% of the respondents generally cleaned their house 1-2 times per week. All household pesticide products in this area contain pyrethroids. Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) residues were found in air samples (22.2%) and surface wipes (21.3%). All households were cross compared of OPs concentration between house located levels. It was found that all households of level 1 had significantly higher levels of OPs concentration than level 2 and level 3 (&lt;50m., 50-100m. and 101-150 m., respectively), (Kruskal Wallis test, p&lt;0.001). Pyrethroid insecticides residue was mostly found in surface wipe, hands and foot, respectively. The OPs urinary metabolite of member in occupational family was significantly different from the urinary metabolite of non-occupational family (Mann-Whitney test, p&lt;0.05) except elderly. The main associated of pesticide exposure pathways and urinary metabolites were found from the dermal and inhalation pathways (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient 0.424 and 0.379 respectively; p-value &lt;0.01).This study suggests that the education and training program regarding household insecticides use and guidelines regarding agricultural pesticides prevention should be developed for people in agricultural community