DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7534895
title: Data for detailed temporal mapping of global human modification from 1990 to 2017

description: Data on the extent, patterns, and trends of human land use are critically important to support global and national priorities for conservation and sustainable development. To inform these issues, we created a series of detailed global datasets for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2017 to evaluate temporal changes and spatial patterns of land use modification of terrestrial lands (excluding Antarctica). These data were calculated using the degree of human modification approach that combines the proportion of a pixel of a given stressor (i.e. footprint) times the intensity of that stressor (ranging from 0 to 1.0). Our novel datasets are detailed (0.09 km^2 resolution), temporally consistent (for 1990-2015, every 5 years), comprehensive (11 change stressors, 14 current), robust (using an established framework and incorporating classification errors and parameter uncertainty), and strongly validated. We also provide a dataset that represents ~2017 conditions and has 14 stressors for an even more comprehensive dataset, but the 2017 results should not be used to calculate change with the other datasets (1990-2015). <strong>Note that because of repo file size limits, the datasets for the for the HM overall for 1990 and 1995, as well as major stressors for all years, are located this Google Drive. </strong> This version 1.5 provides the following updates: Datasets are provided for each of the 6 stressor groups: built-up areas (BU), agricultural/timber harvest (AG), extractive energy and mining (EX), human intrusions (HI), natural system modifications (NS), and transportation & infrastructure (TI), available now at 300 m resolution for each of the time steps in the 1990-2015 time series. It provides the addition datasets for the years 1995 and 2005, calculated using linear interpolation when stressor data do not provide data at the specific year. The ESA 150 m water-mask dataset (Lamarche et al. 2017) was used to provide better and more consistent alignment of datasets at the ocean-land-inland water interfaces. The built-up stressor uses an updated version of the Global Human Settlement Layer (v2022A). Values provided are 32-bit floating point values, with human modification values ranging from 0.0 to 1.0. For more details on the approach and methods, please see: Theobald, D. M., Kennedy, C., Chen, B., Oakleaf, J., Baruch-Mordo, S., and Kiesecker, J.: Earth transformed: detailed mapping of global human modification from 1990 to 2017, Earth Syst. Sci. Data., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2019-252, 2020. Version 1.5 was completed in collaboration with the Center for Biodiversity and Global Change at Yale University and supported by the E.O. Wilson Biodiversity Foundation.
description: The datasets provided here contain revisions to the 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 (change) and 2017 (static) datasets. Analyses that used previous versions should be re-run using these v1.5 data. The file naming convention for the zip-files that contain the datasets provided here is as follows: gHMv_5_xx_yyyyz_300m_60land, where: xx is the stressor type. xx = '' for overall stressor (major stressors are combined); xx = 'AG' for agricultural and timber harvest; xx = 'BU' for built-up areas; xx = 'EX' for extractive (energy.& mining); xx = 'HI' for human intrusion; xx = 'NS' for natural system modification and xx = 'TI' for transportation and linear infrastructure. yyyy is the conditions estimated for a given year: 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, or 2017. z is an indicator for change vs. static, z = 'c' for datasets using only temporally consistent data to support temporal change analyses, z = '' for 2017 that contains additional stressors that represents the most comprehensive estimates, but cannot be directly compared to the "change" datasets. All datasets reflect 300 m resolution, 60 minute half-life associated with human intrusion, and are masked to terrestrial lands (excluding Antarctica). Due to the large file size when exporting to TIFF format, you'll need to mosaic the TIF tiles after download. The values of the datasets range from 0.0 to 1.0, where 0.0 is no human modification and 1.0 is full or complete human modification, which are represented as 32-bit floating point values. Datasets are in EPSG 4326 coordinates and the extent of longitude/latitude is -180, -75, 180, 85. Note that because of repo file size limits, the datasets for the for the HM overall for 1990 and 1995, as well as major stressors for all years, are located this Google Drive.