cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720107
title: Environmental variables driving the larval distribution of Limnoperna fortunei in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil

description: Abstract Aim: To verify the temporal dynamics of Limnoperna fortunei larval stages and to identify the main environmental variables driving the larval density patterns in an area highly impacted by reservoirs. Methods Samplings were performed quarterly, from February to December 2014, in 10 transects along to the Paraná River main channel. For each sample site, 100 L of water were filtered. The filtrated was fixed in alcohol 80%, and the larval stages were counted and classified under the optical microscope. Concomitant to biological collections we took some of the main water variables. We performed a Redundancy Analysis (RDA) in order to summarize the variations in densities of larval stages in relation to the main physical and chemical water variables. Results We found a total of 200,590 L. fortunei larvae, in which 83.6% were identified as the initial stages. The most abundant months in L. fortunei larvae were December and February. The first two axes of RDA sum up 96% of the total data variation, and the most significant environmental variables explaining variations in larval densities were: water temperature, total nitrogen, electrical conductivity, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, depth and ammoniac ion. The warmer months were influenced by the major values of water temperature and depth, besides the higher densities of all larval stages. Conclusions Our results indicate that L. fortunei reproduction follows a general pattern throughout the upper Paraná River floodplain, what seems to occur mainly between February and December. Thus, we suggest that measures for the L. fortunei control should be done during low-density periods (i.e., April to August), when the water level is low, and consequently, the dispersion of this species might be limited.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720107.v1
title: Environmental variables driving the larval distribution of Limnoperna fortunei in the upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil

description: Abstract Aim: To verify the temporal dynamics of Limnoperna fortunei larval stages and to identify the main environmental variables driving the larval density patterns in an area highly impacted by reservoirs. Methods Samplings were performed quarterly, from February to December 2014, in 10 transects along to the Paraná River main channel. For each sample site, 100 L of water were filtered. The filtrated was fixed in alcohol 80%, and the larval stages were counted and classified under the optical microscope. Concomitant to biological collections we took some of the main water variables. We performed a Redundancy Analysis (RDA) in order to summarize the variations in densities of larval stages in relation to the main physical and chemical water variables. Results We found a total of 200,590 L. fortunei larvae, in which 83.6% were identified as the initial stages. The most abundant months in L. fortunei larvae were December and February. The first two axes of RDA sum up 96% of the total data variation, and the most significant environmental variables explaining variations in larval densities were: water temperature, total nitrogen, electrical conductivity, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, depth and ammoniac ion. The warmer months were influenced by the major values of water temperature and depth, besides the higher densities of all larval stages. Conclusions Our results indicate that L. fortunei reproduction follows a general pattern throughout the upper Paraná River floodplain, what seems to occur mainly between February and December. Thus, we suggest that measures for the L. fortunei control should be done during low-density periods (i.e., April to August), when the water level is low, and consequently, the dispersion of this species might be limited.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720098
title: The Neuroid revisited: A heuristic approach to model neural spike trains

description: AbstractIntroduction: Since it was introduced in 2012, the Neuroid has been used to aid in understanding how functionally different neural populations contribute to sensory information processing. However, insights about whether this neuron-model could perform better than others or about when its utilization should be considered have not been provided yet. Methods In an attempt to address this issue, a comparison between the Neuroid and the leaky-integrate-and-fire (LIF) model in terms of accuracy and computational cost was performed. Both models were tested for different stimulation amplitudes and stimulation periods, with time step sizes ranging from 10-4 to 1 ms. Results It was found that, although the Neuroid was able to produce more accurate results than its original version, its accuracy was lower than the achieved with the LIF model solved by the forward Euler method. On the other hand, the Neuroid performed its calculations in an amount of time significantly lower (Mulfactorial ANOVA test, p &lt; 0.05) than that required by the LIF model when it was solved by using the forward Euler method. Moreover, it was possible to use Neuroid-based networks to replicate biologically relevant firing patterns produced by low-scale networks composed of more detailed neuron-models. Conclusion Results suggest that the Neuroid could be an interesting choice when computational resources are limited, although its use might be restricted to a narrow band of applications.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720098.v1
title: The Neuroid revisited: A heuristic approach to model neural spike trains

description: AbstractIntroduction: Since it was introduced in 2012, the Neuroid has been used to aid in understanding how functionally different neural populations contribute to sensory information processing. However, insights about whether this neuron-model could perform better than others or about when its utilization should be considered have not been provided yet. Methods In an attempt to address this issue, a comparison between the Neuroid and the leaky-integrate-and-fire (LIF) model in terms of accuracy and computational cost was performed. Both models were tested for different stimulation amplitudes and stimulation periods, with time step sizes ranging from 10-4 to 1 ms. Results It was found that, although the Neuroid was able to produce more accurate results than its original version, its accuracy was lower than the achieved with the LIF model solved by the forward Euler method. On the other hand, the Neuroid performed its calculations in an amount of time significantly lower (Mulfactorial ANOVA test, p &lt; 0.05) than that required by the LIF model when it was solved by using the forward Euler method. Moreover, it was possible to use Neuroid-based networks to replicate biologically relevant firing patterns produced by low-scale networks composed of more detailed neuron-models. Conclusion Results suggest that the Neuroid could be an interesting choice when computational resources are limited, although its use might be restricted to a narrow band of applications.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720095
title: Angiosperms from rocky outcrops of Pedra do Elefante, Nova Venécia, Espírito Santo, Brazil

description: Abstract We provide a floristic inventory of Angiosperms from rocky outcrops of the Área de Proteção Ambiental Pedra do Elefante, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Fieldwork was performed monthly from March/2015 to July/2016. A checklist with 302 species belonging to 219 genera and 74 families is provided. Bromeliaceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Convolvulaceae, Rubiaceae, Bignoniaceae and Cyperaceae are the richest families with around 50% of the listed species. One hundred forty seven species are exclusively rupicolous, 125 spp. exclusively terricolous, 26 spp. are epiphytes, and six species are found as both rupicolous and terricolous. Phanerophytes and chamaephytes were predominant life forms. Our results added 18 new records to the Espírito Santo state, indicated the occurrence of nine endemic species for the state and noticed that only 55 taxa of the total of species have threat assessments according to IUCN.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720095.v1
title: Angiosperms from rocky outcrops of Pedra do Elefante, Nova Venécia, Espírito Santo, Brazil

description: Abstract We provide a floristic inventory of Angiosperms from rocky outcrops of the Área de Proteção Ambiental Pedra do Elefante, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Fieldwork was performed monthly from March/2015 to July/2016. A checklist with 302 species belonging to 219 genera and 74 families is provided. Bromeliaceae, Orchidaceae, Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, Cactaceae, Convolvulaceae, Rubiaceae, Bignoniaceae and Cyperaceae are the richest families with around 50% of the listed species. One hundred forty seven species are exclusively rupicolous, 125 spp. exclusively terricolous, 26 spp. are epiphytes, and six species are found as both rupicolous and terricolous. Phanerophytes and chamaephytes were predominant life forms. Our results added 18 new records to the Espírito Santo state, indicated the occurrence of nine endemic species for the state and noticed that only 55 taxa of the total of species have threat assessments according to IUCN.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720092
title: Optimization approaches to a routing and scheduling problem of oil tankers

description: Abstract This study analyzes a routing and scheduling problem of cabotage oil ships motivated by the actual operation of an oil company along the Brazilian coast. Maritime transportation costs from offshore platforms to coastal terminals are an important issue in the search for operational excellence in the oil industry, and the prospects for growth in oil exploration in Brazil have made operations more demanding for agile and effective decision support systems (DSS). This paper presents an optimization approach to deal with this problem consisting of a mixed integer linear (MIP) programming model and an MIP heuristic known as relax and fix. The problem is formulated as a pickup and delivery vessel routing with time windows and heterogeneous fleet which minimizes the costs of fuel consumption of ships and freight contracts. In addition to the usual routing constraints, it also considers specific restrictions of oil maritime transportation problems. Numerical experiments with this approach are presented for a set of real data of the company, confirming that the optimization method is able to find good solutions for moderate-size problem instances.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720092.v1
title: Optimization approaches to a routing and scheduling problem of oil tankers

description: Abstract This study analyzes a routing and scheduling problem of cabotage oil ships motivated by the actual operation of an oil company along the Brazilian coast. Maritime transportation costs from offshore platforms to coastal terminals are an important issue in the search for operational excellence in the oil industry, and the prospects for growth in oil exploration in Brazil have made operations more demanding for agile and effective decision support systems (DSS). This paper presents an optimization approach to deal with this problem consisting of a mixed integer linear (MIP) programming model and an MIP heuristic known as relax and fix. The problem is formulated as a pickup and delivery vessel routing with time windows and heterogeneous fleet which minimizes the costs of fuel consumption of ships and freight contracts. In addition to the usual routing constraints, it also considers specific restrictions of oil maritime transportation problems. Numerical experiments with this approach are presented for a set of real data of the company, confirming that the optimization method is able to find good solutions for moderate-size problem instances.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720089
title: Flora of the Espírito Santo: Micropholis (Sapotaceae-Chrysophylloideae)

description: Abstract Herein, we provide information about morphological data, geographic distribution and conservation status for native species of Micropholis from Espírito Santo state (ES), Brazil. A total of five species were found: M. compta, M. crassipedicellata, M. gardneriana, M. guyanensis subsp. guyanensis, and M. venulosa. They represent 100% of the known species of Micropholis from the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. The most important characters for distinguishing the species are: type and color of indument on the young branches, leaf shape, midrib sunken or not on the upper leaf surface, distinguishable secondary veins from the tertiary ones. Micropholis gardneriana constitutes a new record for the Espírito Santo state. Amongst Micropholis species from ES, only Micropholis compta is considered as Near Threatened (NT).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720089.v1
title: Flora of the Espírito Santo: Micropholis (Sapotaceae-Chrysophylloideae)

description: Abstract Herein, we provide information about morphological data, geographic distribution and conservation status for native species of Micropholis from Espírito Santo state (ES), Brazil. A total of five species were found: M. compta, M. crassipedicellata, M. gardneriana, M. guyanensis subsp. guyanensis, and M. venulosa. They represent 100% of the known species of Micropholis from the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest. The most important characters for distinguishing the species are: type and color of indument on the young branches, leaf shape, midrib sunken or not on the upper leaf surface, distinguishable secondary veins from the tertiary ones. Micropholis gardneriana constitutes a new record for the Espírito Santo state. Amongst Micropholis species from ES, only Micropholis compta is considered as Near Threatened (NT).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720083
title: The Left Atrial Appendage Revised

description: Abstract Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation is associated with a 4- to 5-fold strokes increase and may be responsible for 15% to 20% of all strokes in the elderly. In this scenario, the left atrial appendage thrombus would be the associated with 90% of cases. The use of anticoagulants, percutaneous devices, and the left atrial appendage surgical exclusion is still an open discussion. For left atrial appendage procedures, relevant anatomic spatial relationships have to be emphasized, besides the chance of the normal physiological functioning would be eliminated with the proceedings. There are evidences that the left atrial appendage closure during routine cardiac surgery is significantly associated with an increased risk of early postoperative atrial fibrillation. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to focus basic aspects for continuous medical education. In summary, the rationale of this text is to emphasize anatomical and pharmacological aspects involved in the simple surgical exclusion of left atrial appendage under cardiopulmonary bypass. There are several operative techniques, but to conclude this revision it will present one of them based on the discussed basic sciences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720083.v1
title: The Left Atrial Appendage Revised

description: Abstract Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation is associated with a 4- to 5-fold strokes increase and may be responsible for 15% to 20% of all strokes in the elderly. In this scenario, the left atrial appendage thrombus would be the associated with 90% of cases. The use of anticoagulants, percutaneous devices, and the left atrial appendage surgical exclusion is still an open discussion. For left atrial appendage procedures, relevant anatomic spatial relationships have to be emphasized, besides the chance of the normal physiological functioning would be eliminated with the proceedings. There are evidences that the left atrial appendage closure during routine cardiac surgery is significantly associated with an increased risk of early postoperative atrial fibrillation. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to focus basic aspects for continuous medical education. In summary, the rationale of this text is to emphasize anatomical and pharmacological aspects involved in the simple surgical exclusion of left atrial appendage under cardiopulmonary bypass. There are several operative techniques, but to conclude this revision it will present one of them based on the discussed basic sciences.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720080
title: Anxiety and Depression Levels among Resident Pediatricians

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the levels of anxiety and depression among professionals enrolled in a Pediatric Residency Program of an educational institution in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study with all, registered residents at a pediatric residency program. The data were collected between the months of November 2013 and February 2014, using three instruments: an instrument drawn up by the authors, containing demographic data; the Beck anxiety Scale or Beck anxiety inventory and the Beck Depression scale or Beck Depression inventory. Depression anxiety levels were evaluated by a psychologist, according to data produced by the instruments and categorized in to four levels: absence of depression/anxiety, mild depression/anxiety, moderate depression/anxiety and severe depression/anxiety. Results: The study was based on a sample of 36 medical residents. There was a predominance of females (91.4%), with a median age of 28 years (minimum: 25; maximum: 34), single (86.11%), with a household income of 10 minimum monthly wages or more (47.1%), a working day of 12 hours or more (55.6%), not regularly engaged in physical activity (55.5%) and leisure (44.2%), with another job (71.4%) satisfied with their job (88.9%) and having thought about quitting the program (52.8%). Anxiety was present in 50.0% and depression in 44.4%. Statistical associations were found between anxiety and the age group (p &lt; 0.005) and with a desire to give up the program (p = 0.038); and between depression and age group (p = 0.001), practice of physical activity (p = 0.016), leisure activities (p = 0.012) and a desire to give up the program (p = 0.008). Conclusion: The levels of anxiety and depression were higher than those observed in other programs, with associations observed between these disorders and age, lack of physical activity and leisure, highlighting the need for greater attention and professional support, and the implementation of control measures for stressor factors among the resident pediatricians, and of strategies to promote the physical and mental well-being of these professionals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720077
title: Abundance and size structure of planktonic protist communities in a Neotropical floodplain: effects of top-down and bottom-up controls

description: Abstract: Aim: We aimed to assess the influence of bottom-up and top-down control mechanisms on the abundance and size structure of protist communities (heterotrophic flagellates and ciliates). We formulated the following hypothesis: bottom-up control mechanisms, related to the availability of resources in the environment, are responsible for structuring the abundance of these communities, whereas top-down control mechanisms, related to predation effects, determine the size pattern of these organisms. Methods Samples for planktonic organisms were taken in 20 shallow lakes belonging to the upper Paraná River floodplain. We evaluated linear regression models to select the best model which predicts the patterns observed according to Akaike Information Criterion. Results The best models selected to explain the abundance of heterotrophic flagellates included negative relations with picophytoplankton abundance and positive with rotifers abundance, while for their size structure, negative relationships were found with heterotrophic bacteria, ciliates and rotifers biovolumes. In relation to the ciliates, their abundances were positively related to the rotifers and picophytoplankton abundances and negatively with the heterotrophic bacteria abundance. On the other hand, for the size structure, the best models selected strong negative relations with the microcrustaceans biovolumes, in addition to relations with the different fractions of the phytoplankton. Conclusion For both flagellates and ciliates, their abundance is being mainly regulated by a bottom up control mechanism, whereas for the size structure the results showed that both food resources and predators were important, indicating that bottom-up and top-down mechanisms act simultaneously in determining the size of these microorganisms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5720080.v1
title: Anxiety and Depression Levels among Resident Pediatricians

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the levels of anxiety and depression among professionals enrolled in a Pediatric Residency Program of an educational institution in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Cross-sectional and descriptive study with all, registered residents at a pediatric residency program. The data were collected between the months of November 2013 and February 2014, using three instruments: an instrument drawn up by the authors, containing demographic data; the Beck anxiety Scale or Beck anxiety inventory and the Beck Depression scale or Beck Depression inventory. Depression anxiety levels were evaluated by a psychologist, according to data produced by the instruments and categorized in to four levels: absence of depression/anxiety, mild depression/anxiety, moderate depression/anxiety and severe depression/anxiety. Results: The study was based on a sample of 36 medical residents. There was a predominance of females (91.4%), with a median age of 28 years (minimum: 25; maximum: 34), single (86.11%), with a household income of 10 minimum monthly wages or more (47.1%), a working day of 12 hours or more (55.6%), not regularly engaged in physical activity (55.5%) and leisure (44.2%), with another job (71.4%) satisfied with their job (88.9%) and having thought about quitting the program (52.8%). Anxiety was present in 50.0% and depression in 44.4%. Statistical associations were found between anxiety and the age group (p &lt; 0.005) and with a desire to give up the program (p = 0.038); and between depression and age group (p = 0.001), practice of physical activity (p = 0.016), leisure activities (p = 0.012) and a desire to give up the program (p = 0.008). Conclusion: The levels of anxiety and depression were higher than those observed in other programs, with associations observed between these disorders and age, lack of physical activity and leisure, highlighting the need for greater attention and professional support, and the implementation of control measures for stressor factors among the resident pediatricians, and of strategies to promote the physical and mental well-being of these professionals.