DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qjq2bvqk4
title: Data from: Development time, survival, and performance of Lepidoptera reared at constant temperatures

description: This dataset is a compilation of lepidopteran development and survival
 rates measured at constant temperatures in the laboratory and reported in
 peer-reviewed publications. We compiled these data to reconstruct thermal
 performance curves. Thermal performance curves (TPCs) depict variation in
 vital rates in response to temperature and have been an important tool to
 understand ecological and evolutionary constraints on the thermal
 sensitivity of ectotherms. TPCs allow for the calculation of indicators of
 thermal tolerance, such as minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures that
 allow for a given metabolic function. However, these indicators are
 computed using only responses from surviving individuals, which can lead
 to underestimation of deleterious effects of thermal stress, particularly
 at high temperatures. We advocate for an integrative framework for
 assessing thermal sensitivity, which combines both vital rates and
 survival probabilities, and focuses on the temperature interval that
 allows for population persistence. Using a collated data set of
 lepidopteran development rate and survival measured on the same
 individuals, we showed (see associated publication) that development rate
 is generally limiting at low temperatures, while survival is limiting at
 high temperatures. We also uncover differences between life stages and
 across latitudes, with extended survival at lower temperatures in
 temperate regions. Our combined performance metric demonstrates similar
 thermal breadth in temperate and tropical individuals, an effect that only
 emerges from integration of both development and survival trends. We
 discuss the benefits of using this framework in future predictive and
 management contexts.
description: Data was extracted from scientific publications and entered in
 the "WorkingTable" which was subsequently processed (using
 provided scripts, see methods in associated publication) to create the
 rest of the data tables included here. 
description: # Data from: Development time, survival, and performance of Lepidoptera
 reared at constant temperatures
 Reference Information
 \===================== Provenance for this README
 \-------------------------- \* File name:
 README_insect_thermal_sensitivity.txt \* Authors: Mariana Abarca, Anna L.
 Parker, Elise A. Larsen, James Umbanhowar, Chandra Earl, Robert Guralnick,
 Joel Kingsolver, Leslie Ries \* Date Created: 2022-03-16 \* Date Modified:
 2023-08-02 \----------------------------- \* Dataset Title: Development
 time, survival, and performance of Lepidoptera reared at constant
 temperatures. \* Associated manuscript: Abarca M, Parker A L, Larsen E A,
 Umbanhowar J, Earl C, Guralnick R, Kingsolver J, Rees L. How development
 and survival combine to determine the thermal sensitivity of insects. PLOS
 ONE. PONE-D-23-02122R1. Overview \----------------------------- \* Data on
 development time and/or survival of immature stages of Lepidoptera were
 compiled from published peer-reviewed articles reporting development time
 and/or survival of insects in the order Lepidoptera (butterflies and
 moths) reared at constant temperatures in the laboratory. In manuscript
 "How development and survival combine to determine the thermal
 sensitivity of insects" we analyzed subsets of these data. Here we
 include the complete data set product of the literary search, the
 "full" and "analytical" data sets (see manuscript for
 definitions of these sets and rationale for their use), and the scripts to
 obtain and reproduce analyses of the "full" and
 "analytical" data sets. Table of contents
 \----------------------------- Data files \*
 PhysiologyDatabaseVersion5.ods \* PerformanceTable.csv \*
 SurvivalTable.csv \* DevelopmentTable.csv \* BreadthDPS.csv \*
 HighLimitsDPS.csv \* LowLimitsDPS.csv Scripts \*
 DR1_variablecalculation.Rmd (R script) \* S1_variablecalculation.Rmd (R
 script) \* P1_variablecalculation.Rmd (R script) \* DR2_analyses.Rmd (R
 script) \* P2-analyses.Rmd (R script) \* S2_analyses.Rmd (R script) \*
 AnalysesDPS.Rmd (R script) \*
 GTRG_Unpartitioned_constrain.raxml.bestTree.tre (Unrooted, undated
 phylogeny from RAxML used to test for phylogenetic autocorrelation in R)
 \* FcC_supermatrix.fas (Supermatrix FASTA file containing raw,
 concatenated sequence data for 102 species across 8 loci used as input
 into RAxML) File details \----------------------------- Details for :
 PhysiologyDatabaseVersion5.ods \* Description: a spreadsheet with two
 sheets: "WorkingTable" and "PaperLevelData" This file
 contains development and performance data of Lepidoptera reared at
 constant temperatures that was extracted from peer-reviewed publications
 as well as information about the articles where these data were published.
 \* "WorkingTable"- Variables: \* set (numeric) Unique identifier
 of each analysis unit: N groups of larvae reared at N different
 temperature treatments but otherwise equivalent (same study, host,
 photoperiod, sex) \* year (numeric) year the study was conducted \* id
 (numeric) unique article identifier \* cite (text) Matches citation column
 in PaperLevelData table \* sp (text) Species \* family (text) taxonomic
 family \* status (text) Non-mutually exclusive categories to describe the
 species status as described by the authors of the articles, there are 14
 possible values: pest migratory forestpest biocontrol pest/biocontrol silk
 ornamental insectivorous research wild parasitoid nopest tea endangered \*
 lifestage (text) Life stage at which development time was measured, there
 are 49 possible values: adult egg eggtoadultdeath eggtoegg eggtoemergence
 eggtoinstar2 eggtoinstar3 eggtoinstar4 eggtoinstar5 eggtooviposition
 eggtopupa eggtopupation hatchtoadult hatchtoemergence hatchtoprepupa
 hatchtopupa instar1 instar1&instar2 instar1to3
 instar1toinstar4completion instar2 instar2topupa instar3
 instar3&instar4 instar3topupa instar4 instar5 instar6 instar7
 instar7-8 instar8 larva larvatoadult larvatoemergence larvatopupa
 lastInstar oviposition to 4th molt oviposition to 5thmolt oviposition to
 first motl oviposition to second molt oviposition to third molt
 ovipositionto6thmolt pre-oviposition prepupa prepupapupa
 prepupatoemergence pupa secondinstartoemergence secondinstartopupation \*
 sex (text) sex of the individuals assessed in each case, there are three
 options: male, female, both \* host (text) text indicating the host plant
 identity: common or scientific name of plant species or artificial diet,
 "NA" and "no" correspond to eggs (who do not feed),
 "nd" for studies that did not disclose that information \*
 photoperiod (text) hours of light out of 24 hours. Eg 8 means 8L:16D,
 "nd" for studies that do not report it \* temp (numeric)
 temperature in degrees Celsius \* regime (text) only one value:
 "constant" which denotes constant temperature regimes \* dt
 (numeric) development time in days \* se (numeric) standard error of
 development time if reported \* sd (numeric) standard deviation of
 development time if reported \* survival (numeric) percentage of surviving
 individuals \* survivalsd (numeric) standard deviation of percent survival
 if reported \* survivalse (numeric) standard error of percent survival if
 reported \* n (numeric) sample size as/if reported. It often corresponds
 to initial sample size (before mortality), but not all the times. \* c1
 (text) notes that help differentiating among sets or offer miscellaneous
 clarification \* idaid (text) notes that help differentiating among sets
 or offer miscellaneous clarification \* c2 (text) notes that help
 differentiating among sets or offer miscellaneous clarification \* c3
 (text) notes that help differentiating among sets or offer miscellaneous
 clarification \* photo (numeric) hours of light out of 24 hours,
 "NA" corresponds to missing numeric values \* dr.naive (numeric)
 development rate obtained as: 1/dt \* dr (numeric) Adjusted development
 time according to the following rationale: Development time can be a
 missing value denoted by "NA" because 1) it was not measured at
 a given temperature or 2) all individuals died. The calculation of
 development rate in this table was corrected so it is 0 when both dt == NA
 and survival == 0 \* lat (numeric) latitude in decimal numbers \* lon
 (numeric) longitude in decimal numbers \* locality (text) name of the
 locality as reported by authors \* quality (text) Indicates precision of
 location data. It can be as detailed as indicated by authors (country to
 gps coordinates) "combination" indicates authors combined
 individuals from multiple localities in the same set, "inferred"
 corresponds to the location of the affiliation institution of authors
 (only when no other data reported) "NA" corresponds to cases
 where no inference was possible. See manuscript text for details. \*
 "PaperLevelData"- Variables: \* Year (numeric) Publication year
 \* PaperID (numeric) unique article identifier \* Citation (text) Summary
 citation matching "Cite" in "WorkingTable" \* Author
 (text) Last name of first author \* StateProvRegion (text) Site where
 study was conducted or specimens were collected \* Country.ies (text)
 Country/countries where study was conducted/ specimens were collected \*
 Continent.s (text) Continent where study was conducted/specimens were
 collected \* Missing data codes: "NA" \* Details for:
 PerformanceTable.csv \------------------------------ \* set (numeric)
 Unique identifier of a "set" see manuscript for a definition and
 rationale. \* Pmin (numeric) Minimum temperature at which performance as
 defined in manuscript was observed. \* Pmax (numeric) Maximum temperature
 at which performance as defined in manuscript was observed. \* Pl
 (numeric) Minimum temperature in degrees Celsius that allows for 50%
 performance as defined in manuscript. \* Ph (numeric) Maximum temperature
 in degrees Celsius that allows for 50% performance as defined in
 manuscript. \* Pbreadth (numeric) Difference between Ph and Pl in degrees
 Celsius- this is the length of the interval that allows for performance
 values equal or greater than 50% \* Pgradecold (text)- complete/incomplete
 indicates whether sets had a complete curve rise (see manuscript for
 explanation and rationale) \* Pgradehot (text) - complete/incomplete
 indicates whether sets had a complete curve fall (see manuscript for
 explanation and rationale) \* sp (text) - Species \* family (text) -
 Taxonomic family \* lifestage (text) - ontogenetic life stage at which
 performance was assessed: egg, larva, pupa, eggtoemergence (from egg to
 adult emergence). \* lat (numeric) latitude in decimal numbers \* lon
 (numeric) longitude in decimal numbers \* locality (text) name of the
 locality as reported by authors \* quality (text) Indicates precision of
 location data. It can be as detailed as indicated by authors (country to
 gps coordinates) "combination" indicates authors combined
 individuals from multiple localities in the same set, "inferred"
 corresponds to the location of the affiliation institution of authors
 (only when no other data reported) "NA" corresponds to cases
 where no inference was possible. See manuscript text for details. \*
 Missing data codes: "NA" \* Details for: SurvivalTable.csv
 \------------------------------ \* set (numeric) Unique identifier of a
 "set" see manuscript for a definition and rationale. \* Smin
 (numeric) Minimum temperature at which survival as defined in manuscript
 was observed. \* Smax (numeric) Maximum temperature at which survival as
 defined in manuscript was observed. \* Sl (numeric) Minimum temperature
 that allowed for survival of at least 50% of individuals \* Sh (numeric)
 Maximum temperature that allowed for survival of at least 50% of
 individuals \* Sbreadth (numeric) Difference between Sh and Sl in degrees
 Celsius- this is the length of the interval that allows for survival of at
 least 50% of individuals. \* Sgradecold (text)complete/incomplete
 indicates whether sets had a complete curve rise (see manuscript for
 explanation and rationale) Sgradehot (text) complete/incomplete indicates
 whether sets had a complete curve fall (see manuscript for explanation and
 rationale) sp (text) - Species family (text) - Taxonomic family lifestage
 (text) - ontogenetic life stage at which performance was assessed: egg,
 larva, pupa, eggtoemergence (from egg to adult emergence). lat (numeric)
 latitude in decimal numbers lon (numeric) longitude in decimal numbers
 locality (text) name of the locality as reported by authors quality (text)
 Indicates precision of location data. It can be as detailed as indicated
 by authors (country to gps coordinates) "combination" indicates
 authors combined individuals from multiple localities in the same set,
 "inferred" corresponds to the location of the affiliation
 institution of authors (only when no other data reported) "NA"
 corresponds to cases where no inference was possible. See manuscript text
 for details. Missing data codes: "NA" \* Details for:
 DevelopmentTable.csv \------------------------------------ \* set
 (numeric) Unique identifier of a "set" see manuscript for a
 definition and rationale. \* Dl (numeric) Minimum temperature that allows
 for development at 50% or higher of the maximum rate (see manuscript for
 explanation and rationale). \* Dh (numeric) Minimum temperature that
 allows for development at 50% or higher of the maximum rate (see
 manuscript for explanation and rationale). \* Dbreadth (numeric)
 Difference between Dh and Dl in degrees Celsius- this is the length of the
 interval that allows for development time at or greater than 50%
 efficiency (see manuscript for details). \* gradecold
 (text)complete/incomplete indicates whether sets had a complete curve rise
 (see manuscript for explanation and rationale) \* gradehot (text)
 complete/incomplete indicates whether sets had a complete curve fall (see
 manuscript for explanation and rationale) \* sp (text) - Species \* family
 (text) - Taxonomic family \* lifestage (text) - ontogenetic life stage at
 which performance was assessed: egg, larva, pupa, eggtoemergence (from egg
 to adult emergence). \* lat (numeric) latitude in decimal numbers \* lon
 (numeric) longitude in decimal numbers \* locality (text) name of the
 locality as reported by authors \* quality (text) Indicates precision of
 location data. It can be as detailed as indicated by authors (country to
 gps coordinates) "combination" indicates authors combined
 individuals from multiple localities in the same set, "inferred"
 corresponds to the location of the affiliation institution of authors
 (only when no other data reported) "NA" corresponds to cases
 where no inference was possible. See manuscript text for details. Missing
 data codes: "NA" \* Details for: BreadthDPS.csv
 \------------------------------ \* This table includes sets for which the
 calculation of all three breadth variables: development, survival and
 performance can be calculated. \* set (numeric) Unique identifier of a
 "set" see manuscript for a definition and rationale. \* Dbreadth
 (numeric) Difference between Dh and Dl in degrees Celsius- this is the
 length of the interval that allows for development time at or greater than
 50% efficiency (see manuscript for details). \* sp (text) - Species \*
 family (text) - Taxonomic family \* lifestage (text) - ontogenetic life
 stage at which performance was assessed: egg, larva, pupa, eggtoemergence
 (from egg to adult emergence). \* lat (numeric) latitude in decimal
 numbers \* lon (numeric) longitude in decimal numbers \* locality (text)
 name of the locality as reported by authors \* quality (text) Indicates
 precision of location data. It can be as detailed as indicated by authors
 (country to gps coordinates) "combination" indicates authors
 combined individuals from multiple localities in the same set,
 "inferred" corresponds to the location of the affiliation
 institution of authors (only when no other data reported) "NA"
 corresponds to cases where no inference was possible. See manuscript text
 for details. \* Pbreadth (numeric) Difference between Ph and Pl in degrees
 Celsius- this is the length of the interval that allows for performance
 values equal or greater than 50% \* Sbreadth (numeric) Difference between
 Sh and Sl in degrees Celsius- this is the length of the interval that
 allows for survival of at least 50% of individuals. Missing data codes:
 "NA" \* Details for: HighLimitsDPS.csv
 \------------------------------ \* set (numeric) Unique identifier of a
 "set" see manuscript for a definition and rationale. \* Dh
 (numeric) Minimum temperature that allows for development at 50% or higher
 of the maximum rate (see manuscript for explanation and rationale). \* sp
 (text) - Species \* family (text) - Taxonomic family \* lifestage (text) -
 ontogenetic life stage at which performance was assessed: egg, larva,
 pupa, eggtoemergence (from egg to adult emergence). \* lat (numeric)
 latitude in decimal numbers \* lon (numeric) longitude in decimal numbers
 \* locality (text) name of the locality as reported by authors \* quality
 (text) Indicates precision of location data. It can be as detailed as
 indicated by authors (country to gps coordinates) "combination"
 indicates authors combined individuals from multiple localities in the
 same set, "inferred" corresponds to the location of the
 affiliation institution of authors (only when no other data reported)
 "NA" corresponds to cases where no inference was possible. See
 manuscript text for details. \* Ph (numeric) Maximum temperature in
 degrees Celsius that allows for 50% performance as defined in manuscript.
 \* Sh (numeric) Maximum temperature that allowed for survival of at least
 50% of individuals Missing data codes: "NA" \* Details
 for:LowLimitsDPS.csv \------------------------------ \* set (numeric)
 Unique identifier of a "set" see manuscript for a definition and
 rationale. \* sp (text) - Species \* family (text) - Taxonomic family \*
 lifestage (text) - ontogenetic life stage at which performance was
 assessed: egg, larva, pupa, eggtoemergence (from egg to adult emergence).
 \* lat (numeric) latitude in decimal numbers \* lon (numeric) longitude in
 decimal numbers \* locality (text) name of the locality as reported by
 authors \* quality (text) Indicates precision of location data. It can be
 as detailed as indicated by authors (country to gps coordinates)
 "combination" indicates authors combined individuals from
 multiple localities in the same set, "inferred" corresponds to
 the location of the affiliation institution of authors (only when no other
 data reported) "NA" corresponds to cases where no inference was
 possible. See manuscript text for details. \* Pl (numeric) Minimum
 temperature in degrees Celsius that allows for 50% performance as defined
 in manuscript. \* Sl (numeric) Minimum temperature that allowed for
 survival of at least 50% of individuals Missing data codes: "NA"
 \----------------------------- Steps to reproduce analyses described in
 manuscript ÒHow development and survival combine to determine the thermal
 sensitivity of insectsÓ \----------------------------- 1\. Generate D, S
 and P variables as defined in manuscript Data:
 PhysiologyDatabaseVersion5.xlsx Scripts: DR1_variablecalculation.Rmd
 S1_variablecalculation.Rmd P1_variablecalculation.Rmd 2\. Analyses of
 Òfull data setÓ Data (output from scripts above plus phylogenetic tree):
 ``` PerformanceTable.csv SurvivalTable.csv DevelopmentTable.csv
 GTRG_Unpartitioned_constrain.raxml.bestTree.tre Scripts: DR2_analyses.Rmd
 P2-analyses.Rmd S2_analyses.Rmd ``` 3\. Analyses of Òanalytical data setÓ
 Data: BreadthDPS.csv HighLimitsDPS.csv LowLimitsDPS.csv Scripts:
 AnalysesDPS.Rmd \- - - END OF README