DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dt177
title: Data from: Phylogeography of the small Indian civet and origin of introductions to western Indian Ocean islands

description: The biogeographic dynamics affecting the Indian subcontinent, East and
 Southeast Asia during the Plio-Pleistocene has generated complex
 biodiversity patterns. We assessed the molecular biogeography of the small
 Indian civet (Viverricula indica) through mitogenome and cytochrome b +
 control region sequencing of 89 historical and modern samples to (i)
 establish a time-calibrated phylogeography across the species’ native
 range and (ii) test introduction scenarios to western Indian Ocean
 islands. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses identified three geographic
 lineages (East Asia, sister-group to Southeast Asia and the Indian
 subcontinent + northern Indochina) diverging 3.2 – 2.3 Mya, with no clear
 signature of past demographic expansion. Within Southeast Asia, Balinese
 populations separated from the rest 2.6 – 1.3 Mya. Western Indian Ocean
 populations were assigned to the Indian subcontinent + northern Indochina
 lineage and had the lowest mitochondrial diversity. Approximate Bayesian
 computation did not distinguish between single vs. multiple introduction
 scenarios. The early diversification of the small Indian civet was likely
 shaped by humid periods in the Late Pliocene – Early Pleistocene that
 created evergreen rainforest barriers, generating areas of intra-specific
 endemism in the Indian subcontinent, East and Southeast Asia. Later
 Pleistocene dispersals through drier conditions in South and Southeast
 Asia were likely, giving rise to the species’ current natural
 distribution. Our molecular data supported the delineation of only four
 subspecies in V. indica, including an endemic Balinese lineage. Our study
 also highlighted the influence of pre-first millennium AD introductions to
 western Indian Ocean islands, with Indian and/or Arab traders probably
 introducing the species for its civet oil.
description: Gaubert_SupMat_Table
 S1Table S1 Detailed list
 of the samples and cytochrome b + control region sequences used in this
 study. Samples used for the concatenated analysis are highlighted in
 green. Type specimen appears in red. Museum acronyms: ZSM = Zoologische
 Staatssammlung München; KFBG = Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden, Hong
 Kong; NHM = Natural History Museum, London; AMNH = American Museum of
 Natural History, New York; MNHN = Muséum National d'Histoire
 Naturelle de Paris; ZMUH = Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum
 der Universität von Hamburg; RMNH = Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie,
 Leiden; SMTD = Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde, Dresden; IRSNB = Institut
 royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Brussells; ISEM = Institut des
 Sciences del'Evolution de Montpellier; USNM = National Museum of
 Natural History, Washington; NMSL = Sri Lanka National Museum, Colombo;
 SMNS = Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart; FMNH = Field Museum of
 Natural History, Chicago; ZRC = Zoological Reference Collection,
 Department of Zoology, University of Singapore; ZFMK = Zoologische
 Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn.nexus_finalalignment
 (Fig. 1)Nucleotide sequence
 alignement used for Bayesian inference within the small Indian civet (Fig.
 1). Control region aligned from position 1 to 378 and cytochrome b from
 379 to 591.nexus_finalalignment.nex