cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t5
title: "Tab 13 Onshell Wh Signal Region Yields Table" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Observed and expected yields after the background-only fit in the SRs for the $W\!h$ selection. The normalization factors of the $W\!Z$ sample are extracted separately for the 0j, low-H<sub>T</sub> and high-H<sub>T</sub> regions, and are treated separately in the combined fit. The "Others" category contains the single-top, WW, tt̄+X and rare top processes. Combined statistical and systematic uncertainties are presented.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t10
title: "Fig 12 Offshell Signal Region Yields" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Comparison of the observed data and expected SM background yields in the SRs of the offshell $W\!Z$ selection. The SM prediction is taken from the background-only fit. The "Others" category contains the single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes. The hatched band indicates the combined theoretical, experimental, and MC statistical uncertainties. Distributions for wino/bino (+) χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>/χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> → $W^{*}\!Z^{*}$ signals are overlaid, with mass values given as (m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>),m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>)) GeV. The bottom panel shows the significance of the difference between the observed and expected yields, calculated with the profile likelihood method from [169], adding a minus sign if the yield is below the prediction.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t11
title: "Fig 13a SR$_{DFOS}^{Wh}$-1 ($\Delta R_{OS, near}$)" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Kinematic distributions after the background-only fit showing the data and the post-fit expected background, in SRs of the onshell $W\!Z$ and $W\!h$ selections. The figure shows (a) the ΔR<sub>OS,near</sub> distribution in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-1, (b) the 3rd leading lepton p<sub>T</sub> in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-2, and the (c) E<sub>T</sub><sup>miss</sup> and (d) m<sub>T</sub> distributions in SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> (with all SR-i bins of SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> summed up). The SR selections are applied for each distribution, except for the variable shown, for which the selection is indicated by an arrow. The last bin includes overflow. The "Others" category contains backgrounds from single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes, except in the top panels, where triboson and Higgs production contributions are shown separately, and tt̄+X is merged into Others. Distributions for wino/bino (+) χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>/χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> → $W\!Z$/$W\!h$ signals are overlaid, with mass values given as (m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>),m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>)) GeV. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the observed data to the predicted yields. The hatched bands indicate the combined theoretical, experimental, and MC statistical uncertainties.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t6
title: "Fig 10 Onshell WZ Signal Region Yields" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Comparison of the observed data and expected SM background yields in the SRs of the onshell $W\!Z$ selection. The SM prediction is taken from the background-only fit. The "Others" category contains the single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes. The hatched band indicates the combined theoretical, experimental, and MC statistical uncertainties. Distributions for wino/bino (+) χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>/χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> → $W\!Z$ signals are overlaid, with mass values given as (m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>),m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>)) GeV. The bottom panel shows the significance of the difference between the observed and expected yields, calculated with the profile likelihood method from [169], adding a minus sign if the yield is below the prediction.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t7
title: "Fig 11 Onshell Wh Signal Region Yields" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Comparison of the observed data and expected SM background yields in the SRs of the $W\!h$ selection. The SM prediction is taken from the background-only fit. The "Others" category contains the single-top, WW, tt̄+X and rare top processes. The hatched band indicates the combined theoretical, experimental, and MC statistical uncertainties. Distributions for wino/bino (+) χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>/χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> → $W\!h$ signals are overlaid, with mass values given as (m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>),m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>)) GeV. The bottom panel shows the significance of the difference between the observed and expected yields, calculated with the profile likelihood method from [169], adding a minus sign if the yield is below the prediction.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t8
title: "Tab 14 Offshell low-$E_{T}^{miss}$ Signal Region Yields Table" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Observed and expected yields after the background-only fit in SR<sup>offWZ</sup><sub>lowETmiss</sub>. The normalization factors of the $W\!Z$ sample extracted separately for 0j and nj, and are treated separately in the combined fit. The "Others" category contains the single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes. Combined statistical and systematic uncertainties are presented.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t9
title: "Tab 15 Offshell high-$E_{T}^{miss}$ Signal Region Yields Table" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Observed and expected yields after the background-only fit in SR<sup>offWZ</sup><sub>highETmiss</sub>. The normalization factors of the $W\!Z$ sample extracted separately for 0j and nj, and are treated separately in the combined fit. The "Others" category contains the single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes. Combined statistical and systematic uncertainties are presented.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t12
title: "Fig 13b SR$_{DFOS}^{Wh}$-2 (3rd Lep. $p_{T}$)" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Kinematic distributions after the background-only fit showing the data and the post-fit expected background, in SRs of the onshell $W\!Z$ and $W\!h$ selections. The figure shows (a) the ΔR<sub>OS,near</sub> distribution in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-1, (b) the 3rd leading lepton p<sub>T</sub> in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-2, and the (c) E<sub>T</sub><sup>miss</sup> and (d) m<sub>T</sub> distributions in SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> (with all SR-i bins of SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> summed up). The SR selections are applied for each distribution, except for the variable shown, for which the selection is indicated by an arrow. The last bin includes overflow. The "Others" category contains backgrounds from single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes, except in the top panels, where triboson and Higgs production contributions are shown separately, and tt̄+X is merged into Others. Distributions for wino/bino (+) χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>/χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> → $W\!Z$/$W\!h$ signals are overlaid, with mass values given as (m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>),m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>)) GeV. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the observed data to the predicted yields. The hatched bands indicate the combined theoretical, experimental, and MC statistical uncertainties.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t13
title: "Fig 13c SR$_{0j}^{WZ}$ ($E_{T}^{miss}$)" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Kinematic distributions after the background-only fit showing the data and the post-fit expected background, in SRs of the onshell $W\!Z$ and $W\!h$ selections. The figure shows (a) the ΔR<sub>OS,near</sub> distribution in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-1, (b) the 3rd leading lepton p<sub>T</sub> in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-2, and the (c) E<sub>T</sub><sup>miss</sup> and (d) m<sub>T</sub> distributions in SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> (with all SR-i bins of SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> summed up). The SR selections are applied for each distribution, except for the variable shown, for which the selection is indicated by an arrow. The last bin includes overflow. The "Others" category contains backgrounds from single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes, except in the top panels, where triboson and Higgs production contributions are shown separately, and tt̄+X is merged into Others. Distributions for wino/bino (+) χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>/χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> → $W\!Z$/$W\!h$ signals are overlaid, with mass values given as (m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>),m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>)) GeV. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the observed data to the predicted yields. The hatched bands indicate the combined theoretical, experimental, and MC statistical uncertainties.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.95751.v2/t14
title: "Fig 13d SR$_{0j}^{WZ}$ ($m_{T}$)" of "Search for chargino--neutralino pair production in final states with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"

description: Kinematic distributions after the background-only fit showing the data and the post-fit expected background, in SRs of the onshell $W\!Z$ and $W\!h$ selections. The figure shows (a) the ΔR<sub>OS,near</sub> distribution in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-1, (b) the 3rd leading lepton p<sub>T</sub> in SR<sup>Wh</sup><sub>DF</sub>-2, and the (c) E<sub>T</sub><sup>miss</sup> and (d) m<sub>T</sub> distributions in SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> (with all SR-i bins of SR<sup>WZ</sup><sub>0j</sub> summed up). The SR selections are applied for each distribution, except for the variable shown, for which the selection is indicated by an arrow. The last bin includes overflow. The "Others" category contains backgrounds from single-top, WW, triboson, Higgs and rare top processes, except in the top panels, where triboson and Higgs production contributions are shown separately, and tt̄+X is merged into Others. Distributions for wino/bino (+) χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>/χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> → $W\!Z$/$W\!h$ signals are overlaid, with mass values given as (m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>),m(χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>0</sup>)) GeV. The bottom panel shows the ratio of the observed data to the predicted yields. The hatched bands indicate the combined theoretical, experimental, and MC statistical uncertainties.
description: A search for chargino–neutralino pair production in three-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. The study is based on a dataset of √s = 13 TeV pp collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb<sup>-1</sup>. No significant excess relative to the Standard Model predictions is found in data. The results are interpreted in simplified models of supersymmetry, and statistically combined with results from a previous ATLAS search for compressed spectra in two-lepton final states. Various scenarios for the production and decay of charginos (χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>) and neutralinos (χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup>) are considered. For pure higgsino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair-production scenarios, exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 210 GeV. Limits are also set for pure wino χ̃<sub>1</sub><sup>±</sup>χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> pair production, on χ̃<sub>2</sub><sup>0</sup> masses up to 640 GeV for decays via on-shell W and Z bosons, up to 300 GeV for decays via off-shell W and Z bosons, and up to 190 GeV for decays via W and Standard Model Higgs bosons.