cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m14504
title: Father O'Keefe follows a group of monks about to walk up the brick stairs leading to the choir outside at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, August 2, 1900

description: Photograph of Father O'Keefe follows a group of six monks, all with tonsurs, about to walk up the brick stairs leading to the choir outside at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, August 2, 1900. He is holding a book. Stucco has come off the structure in numerous places revealing the bricks underneath.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m7585
title: View of cypress trees along the 17-Mile-Drive, Pacific Grove, Monterey, California, ca.1890

description: Photograph of a view of cypress trees along the 17-Mile-Drive, Pacific Grove, Monterey, California, ca.1890. The dirt road, laced with tracks, curves towards the right, dips downward up ahead and reappears in the distance beyond the flanking groups of cypress trees.; "For more than 100 years, people have felt the same allure of the legendary beauty that drew Morse to the Del Monte Forest. Each has found his own particular Eden. Legend has it that, at the turn of the century, visitors in horse-drawn carriages traveled the scenic coastline and stopped at a particular beach to picnic and bathe; their attraction, the shiny pebbles that washed ashore. The popularity of this haven for radiant pebbles, some say, led to the 1908 construction of a travel lodge. The Lodge at Pebble Beach remains a gracious tribute to timeless beauty, an upscale community center for locals and visitors, and a popular stop along the 17-Mile-Drive. The 17-Mile-Drive -- this spectacular meeting of land and sea includes the 200-300-year-old Lone Cypress, legendary golf courses such as Pebble Beach Golf Links, The Links at Spanish Bay and Cypress Point, with living accommodations befitting royalty." -- unknown author.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m7587
title: View of Alvarado Street from the Custom House, Monterey, California, ca.1890

description: Photograph of a view of Alvarado Street from the Custom House, Monterey, California, ca.1890. The dirt road curves to the right and branches off into two roads forming a V-shaped block in the center. Streetcar tracks line the road. Utility poles line the streets and their wires zigzag across the street connecting to buildings and street lights(?). A majority of the buildings along the street are no more than two-stories tall. A man wearing a sombrero and poncho stands in front of the building in the foreground.; "At one time during California's Mexican era the Monterey Custom House presided over Mexico's only port of entry on the Alta California coast. It was here that Commodore John Drake Sloat raised the American flag on July 7, 1846, claiming over 600,000 square miles of territory for the United States. The Custom House is California's first registered State Historic Landmark, and is the oldest public building on the west coast. The building was in existence by 1827, but deteriorated and was replaced by a larger structure in 1841. The construction was done by Thomas O. Larkin. Larkin also did grading and leveling. A tongue of land to the north of the Custom House was used by Larkin as the approach to a wharf of rock-filled cribwork (see sketch). This was completed in 1846. No major additions were made to the Custom House after 1846. The building was restored in the early 1900s by the Native Sons of the Golden West, and has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places. The building is now a part of Monterey State Historic Park." -- unknown author.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m7637
title: Water wheel developed by Dr. Edward Bale in 1847 in Saint Helena, Napa County, California, ca.1900

description: Photograph of a water wheel developed by Dr. Edward Bale in 1847 in Saint Helena, Napa County, California, ca.1900. The water wheel is about two stories tall and is almost entirely covered by vines. The wheel is attached to the two-story building behind it. Vines partially cover parts of the building. Bushes and scrub grass grow wildly around the building and the wheel.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m7638
title: Water wheel developed by Dr. Edward Bale in 1847 in Saint Helena, Napa County, California, ca.1900

description: Photograph of a water wheel developed by Dr. Edward Bale in 1847 in Saint Helena, Napa County, California, ca.1900. The water wheel is about two stories tall and is almost entirely covered by vines. The wheel is attached to the two-story building behind it. Vines partially cover parts of the building. Bushes and scrub grass cover the area around the building and the wheel. The branches and leaves of a tree in the foreground dangles above. Photoprint reads: "California wheat produced a good quality of flour. The Spanish Californian had produced scarcely enough grain for his own use, and was content to grind it to grist by crude mills. The Americans quickly applied water power to the mills erected in the early forties at various places. This mill was erected in 1846-187 by Dr. Edward Bale (or Blake?). For many years it has remained a picturesque landmark of pioneer days."
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m8540
title: View of the lush woods at Los Gatos, Santa Clara County, California, [s.d.].

description: Photograph of a view of the lush woods at Los Gatos, Santa Clara County, California, [s.d.]. A large arch, possibly man-made, stands in the middle of the path through the dense trees. The arch is covered in vines. Leaves cover the ground.; "The first known settlers of Los Gatos were the Ohlone Indians. Thought to have inhabited the area for more than 10,000 years, they lived along the Los Gatos Creek near today's Vasona Park. The first white man entered the area on March 25, 1776 when Captain Juan Bautista de Anza and his expedition camped along Los Gatos Creek on their way to establish a presidio at San Francisco Bay. But homesteading didn't begin until the Spanish land grant era. In 1839, Jose Maria Hernandez and Sebastian Fabian Peralta were granted 6,631 acres called 'El Rancho Rinconada de Los Gatos,' which translates as 'corner of the cats.' The rancho encompassed most of present day Los Gatos. Sparse settlers began farming and harvesting timber, but it wasn't until James Alexander Forbes built his flourmill in 1855 that an actual village was formed. Over the next 20 years, cattle and sheep ranching became prominent and the town became a favorite stop for lumber teamsters traveling along the new toll road between Santa Cruz and San Jose. Los Gatos incorporated as a town on August 10, 1887, encompassing one square mile on both sides of Los Gatos Creek." -- George G. Bruntz.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m7480
title: View of Lake Tahoe, showing clouds in the sky, Mono County, California, ca.1910

description: Photograph of a view of Lake Tahoe, showing clouds in the sky, Mono County, California, ca.1910. Two tall trees stand near the shores of the lake (foreground). Trees and bushes cover the shores surrounding the lake. Mountains are visible in the distance.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m9637
title: Exterior view of Hotel del Portal in the Yosemite Valley, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900-1940

description: Photograph of the exterior view of Hotel del Portal in the Yosemite Valley, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900-1940. Located near the base of a mountain, the hotel stands about five-stories tall. The first building features four dormer windows protruding from the roof and a balustraded walkway midway up from the ground floor. The building behind it features a similar roof structure except with three dormer windows. Trees cover the mountain behind the hotel. Trees and bushes cover the hilly area in the foreground.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m14130
title: View of the Three Brothers Mountain from the Merced River in Yosemite National Park, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900-1940

description: Photograph of a view of the Three Brothers Mountain from the Merced River in Yosemite National Park, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900-1940. The triple rock formation forms part of the mountain range. Its mirrored image is visible in the river (foreground). Tall trees cover the area between the mountain range and the river.; "Yosemite Valley, about 3,000 feet deep and just a mile or two wide, is known for its landmark rock formations. Half Dome is perhaps the most recognized symbol of Yosemite. Rising over 4,000 feet above the Valley floor, it is one of the most sought-after landmarks in Yosemite. Some people even hike or rock climb to the top! El Capitan is a favorite for experienced rock climbers. Rising almost 3,000 feet above the Valley floor, it is the largest monolith of granite in the world. Cathedral Rocks and Spires form the eastern side of the canyon through which Bridalveil Creek flows. The Three Brothers are located just east of El Capitan. Sentinel Rock, like a sentry, overlooks Yosemite Valley, along the opposite side of the Valley From Yosemite Falls." -- unknown author.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m17560
title: View of Glacier Point from the trail, Yosemite National Park, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900

description: Photograph of a view of Glacier Point from the trail, Yosemite National Park, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900. About nine trees stand at the surface of the cliff.; "From Glacier Point, 3,200 feet above Yosemite Valley, a stupendous vista stretches out for many miles north and east, over the forests and meadows around the Merced river, the enclosing cliffs and lofty domes, and across the many higher mountains in the distant wilderness areas of the National Park. In one direction, Vernal and Nevada falls are clearly visible, along the course of Little Yosemite Valley. A little way north is the steep canyon of Tenaya Creek, the two separated by the distinctive shape of Half Dome. Opposite the viewpoint, Upper and Lower Yosemite Falls cascade 2,400 feet down the sheer cliffs, and far beneath cars and even people can be seen, moving slowly along." -- unknown author.; "Yosemite Valley, about 3,000 feet deep and just a mile or two wide, is known for its landmark rock formations. Half Dome is perhaps the most recognized symbol of Yosemite. Rising over 4,000 feet above the Valley floor, it is one of the most sought-after landmarks in Yosemite. Some people even hike or rock climb to the top! El Capitan is a favorite for experienced rock climbers. Rising almost 3,000 feet above the Valley floor, it is the largest monolith of granite in the world. Cathedral Rocks and Spires form the eastern side of the canyon through which Bridalveil Creek flows. The Three Brothers are located just east of El Capitan. Sentinel Rock, like a sentry, overlooks Yosemite Valley, along the opposite side of the Valley From Yosemite Falls." -- unknown author.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m17561
title: View of Sentinel  Inn and its courtyard, Yosemite National Park, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900-1940

description: Photograph of a view of Sentinel Inn and its courtyard, Yosemite National Park, Mariposa County, California, ca.1900-1940. A fenced-in island at the center of the courtyard encloses several trees. Nearby it is a tiny house (doghouse?). The courtyard is surrounded by buildings of similar architecture. The buildings are two-stories tall and feature an arcade and a balustraded walkway around the second floor. Mountains are visible to the left and in the distance.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m14505
title: Father O'Keefe and a group of monks standing at the foot of the brick stairs leading to the choir outside at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, August 2, 1900

description: Photograph of Father O'Keefe and a group of six monks, all with tonsurs, standing at the base of the brick stairs leading to the choir outside at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, August 2, 1900. He is holding a book as is one of the brothers. Stucco has come off the structure in numerous places revealing the bricks underneath.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m11807
title: People in a carriage operated by Washburn Stages on Yosemite Road from Wawona, 1901

description: Photograph of people in a carriage operated by Washburn Stages on Yosemite Road from Wawona, 1901. Four horses pull the carriage. The carriage is carrying four passengers -- two in the front row and two in the center row. The third row is empty. A man stands in the bushes near the carriage (at right). Trees line the roadway.; "Wawona is a small community located within Yosemite National Park in a mountain valley at approximately the same elevation as Yosemite Valley. Wawona has a climate and vegetation very similar to that of Yosemite Valley. The Wawona Dome and Chilnualna Falls are nearby landmarks. All visitors entering Yosemite's south gate pass through Wawona on their way to Yosemite Valley; many pause to walk across the historic Covered Bridge and visit the Pioneer History Center." -- unknown author.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m14133
title: People riding in a Stella Lake Stage, operated by Washburn Stage Line, Wawona, California, 1890

description: Photograph of people riding in a Stella Lake Stage, operated by Washburn Stage Line, Wawona, California, 1890. One stage, carrying about six passengers including the driver, is stopped at bend in the road (at right). Another carriage is stopped off the road (center). Several people remain seated in the carriage. A man is kneeling near the ledge in front of the lake. Two ladies are admiring the lake from a dock(?) (at left). Tall trees surround the lake and beyond. Reflection of the carriage, the two ladies, and the scenery are visible in lake. Mountains are visible in the distance.; "A short time later, William Sell Sr., in cooperation with Mr. Washburn's Yosemite Stage and Turnpike Company, purchased a farm on which to locate a lunch stop on the stage route between Raymond and Wawona. It was Mrs. Sell, a native of Hornitos in Mariposa County, who gave the name to the area. Turning to the native people there, she learned that their word for the type of valley in which the ranch was situated was "Ahwahnee." The ranch house, when converted to the Sells' inn, became the Ahwahnee Tavern. In the years to follow, this became a haven for hot and dusty travelers taking the arduous stage trip required to view the wonders of Yosemite Valley and the Mariposa Grove of Big Trees. In its day, the Ahwahnee Tavern was host to royalty and other famous and wealthy people, among them President Theodore Roosevelt, Belgium Crown Prince Albert and Susan B. Anthony. Also, the Maharajah of Baroda, Andrew Carnegie, John D. Rockefeller, California Governor Pardee, Galen Clark and Rube Goldberg. Completion in 1907 of the railroad from Merced to El Portal ultimately eliminated the stage route from Raymond to Wawona and the need for the Ahwahnee Tavern. The Sells sold the property to the Counties of Madera, Merced and Stanislaus, who developed a tuberculosis sanatorium in 1919." -- Dwight Barnes.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m17562
title: A stagecoach passing under a tunnel cut through a large sequoias tree in Mariposa Grove, Yosemite National Park, California, ca.1900

description: Photograph of a stagecoach passing under a tunnel cut through a large sequoias tree in Mariposa Grove, Yosemite National Park, California, ca.1900. The stagecoach, pulled by four horses, is carrying about five passengers and a driver. They are stopped at about midway out of the tree's manmade tunnel. The forest looms in the background.; "Walking today through the Mariposa Grove, where Muir and Roosevelt discussed conservation by campfire, one comes across a giant sequoia lying on its side. It is the Wawona Tunnel Tree, a sober reminder of past sacrifices to the gods of recreation. In 1881, Henry Washburn of the Wawona Hotel Company paid two men to hollow out the base of this glorious monarch, 26 feet in diameter, so that people could drive through in their stagecoaches. Tunneling out the trunk, however, cut into the tree's expansive but shallow root system. The Wawona tree had survived epic fires and the weathering of more than 20 centuries. But in the winter of 1969, the giant finally toppled from the weight of snow--and our need for gimmicks. The National Park Service disavows such crass amusements now, but as long as the agency remains federally run, and federally funded, it must at least bend to the will of the people." -- Alex Hawes.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m17563
title: A gold dredge at work, Feather River, California, ca.1900

description: Photograph of a gold dredge at work, Feather River, California, ca.1900. Four men in a boat(?) are about to dock near one of the several side entrances to the gold dredging barge. The barge consists of a large two-story building using machineries such as pulleys, conveyor belts, buckets and cables to dredge for gold.; "In certain cases, placer material is most economically excavated with a shore-mounted dragline or backhoe and a floating (barge-mounted) concentrating plant. (The digging equipment may also be mounted on a separate barge or on the same barge as the plant.) Material is dug from the sides and bottom of the mining pond and deposited into the washing plant's hopper. Oversized material is rejected by screening and placed in waste piles, while the undersized material is distributed to a gravity-separation system consisting of riffled sluices, jigs, or similar equipment. After treatment, as much waste as possible is returned to the pond, but, owing to swell, some waste may be deposited outside of the pond area. The pond moves along with the mining front. The backhoe technique has the advantages of powerful digging and good control." -- Encyclopedia Britannica..; "This district is in southwestern Butte County. It is mainly a dredging field that extends from just west of the city of Oroville southwest along the Feather River to a point about five miles due east of Biggs. The field is one to two miles wide and nine miles long. History. Shallow placers were mined here during the gold rush. The area was settled in 1849: Oroville originally was known as Ophir City, but the name was changed in 1855. Around 1895, W. P. Hammon and others tested the area to determine the feasibility of mining on a large scale. They introduced bucket-line dredging in 1898, the first in California. The field was highly productive from 1903 to 1916; in 1908 there were 35 dredges and 12 dredging companies active in the field. Output later declined, but dredging was done again from 1936 to 1942 and 1945 to 1952. The dredge field is now an important source of sand and gravel. The total Output from dredging is estimated to be about 1,964,000 ounces of gold." -- W.B. Clark.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m7586
title: A gold dredge in the river (or lake?), Oroville, California, ca.1930

description: Photograph of a gold dredge in the river (or lake?), Oroville, California, ca.1930. The gold dredging barge is about two stories tall. Machineries attached to the barge consist of a system of pulleys, conveyor belts and cables. Ladders provide access to the different levels of the barge. Piles of rocks cover the shores (at right).; "This district is in southwestern Butte County. It is mainly a dredging field that extends from just west of the city of Oroville southwest along the Feather River to a point about five miles due east of Biggs. The field is one to two miles wide and nine miles long. History. Shallow placers were mined here during the gold rush. The area was settled in 1849: Oroville originally was known as Ophir City, but the name was changed in 1855. Around 1895, W. P. Hammon and others tested the area to determine the feasibility of mining on a large scale. They introduced bucket-line dredging in 1898, the first in California. The field was highly productive from 1903 to 1916; in 1908 there were 35 dredges and 12 dredging companies active in the field. Output later declined, but dredging was done again from 1936 to 1942 and 1945 to 1952. The dredge field is now an important source of sand and gravel. The total Output from dredging is estimated to be about 1,964,000 ounces of gold." -- W.B. Clark.; "In certain cases, placer material is most economically excavated with a shore-mounted dragline or backhoe and a floating (barge-mounted) concentrating plant. (The digging equipment may also be mounted on a separate barge or on the same barge as the plant.) Material is dug from the sides and bottom of the mining pond and deposited into the washing plant's hopper. Oversized material is rejected by screening and placed in waste piles, while the undersized material is distributed to a gravity-separation system consisting of riffled sluices, jigs, or similar equipment. After treatment, as much waste as possible is returned to the pond, but, owing to swell, some waste may be deposited outside of the pond area. The pond moves along with the mining front. The backhoe technique has the advantages of powerful digging and good control." -- Encyclopedia Britannica.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m14118
title: A miner using hydraulic mining techniques and tools to mine, Nevada City, California, ca.1900-1930

description: Photograph of a miner using hydraulic mining techniques and tools to mine, Nevada City, California, ca.1900-1930. The miner stands next to a pipe that is spraying water towards the canyon walls. The ground in the foreground is wet and muddy.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m2781
title: A desert miner standing in front of his stone cabin, near Randsburg, Kern County, California, ca.1900-1920

description: Photograph of a desert miner standing in front of his stone cabin, near Randsburg, Kern County, California, ca.1900-1920. The miner holds a shovel over his shoulders with his right hand and rests his left hand on the rock wall of his cabin. In front of him is a pot (or can?) with a lid over it. Debris is scatter across the ground (at right). A chimney juts above the roof of the cabin (in the rear).
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m17564
title: A burro train of water carriers, Bisbee, Arizona, ca.1900-1930

description: Photograph of a burro train of water carriers, Bisbee, Arizona, ca.1900-1930. About a dozen burros are lined up mountainside along the rocky trail. Each burro is carrying a water sack draped across its back.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m14506
title: Father O'Keefe and two neophyte monks standing at the old altar in the mortuary chapel at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, August 2, 1900

description: Photograph of Father O'Keefe and two neophyte monks, both with tonsurs, standing at the old altar in the mortuary chapel at Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, August 2, 1900. He is holding a book. The building is quite time worn.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m2
title: Adams Boulevard looking west from Severance Street, Los Angeles, ca.1895-1900

description: Photograph (streetscape) of a sidewalk on Adams Boulevard, Los Angeles, ca.1895-1900. The unpaved road runs from the foreground to the background at right. A well-manicured yard with shrubbery is in the left frame of the photograph. No people, cars or homes are in view.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m14290
title: Branch of pepper tree berries

description: Photograph of close-up specimen of a branch of pepper tree berries, ca.1920. The branch appears to stand upwards, its tips at the top edge of the image. The background behind is neutral.
DOI: 10.25549/chs-m9650
title: Portrait of a man posing on a saddled donkey as his friends chidingly try to get it to move, ca.1900

description: Photographic portrait of a man posing on a saddled donkey as his friends chidingly try to get it to move, ca.1900. The bulky man, dressed in a suit and a hat, holds on to the reins. In front, a woman grabs the harness and pretends to pull. In the rear, a woman holds a stick in the act of swinging it towards the donkey's rear. In addition, a man tries to leverage a long piece of wood between the donkey's hind legs in the act of trying to get the donkey to move forward. Manure(?) litter the ground near the bench in the background. Trees are visible in the background. Caption reads: "giving baby a ride."