cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fq86v
title: Data from: Telomere length and dynamics predict mortality in a wild longitudinal study

description: Explaining variation in life expectancy between individuals of the same
 age is fundamental to our understanding of population ecology and
 life-history evolution. Variation in the length and rate of loss of the
 protective telomere chromosome caps has been linked to cellular lifespan.
 Yet, the extent to which telomere length and dynamics predict organismal
 lifespan in nature is still contentious. Using longitudinal samples taken
 from a closed population of Acrocephalus sechellensis (Seychelles
 warblers) studied for over 20 years, we describe the first study into
 life-long adult telomere dynamics (1 to 17 years) and their relationship
 to mortality in natural conditions (N=204 individuals). We show that
 telomeres shorten with increasing age and body mass, and that shorter
 telomeres and greater rates of telomere shortening predicted future
 mortality. Our results provide the first clear and unambiguous evidence of
 a relationship between telomere length and mortality in the wild, and
 substantiate the prediction that telomere length and shortening rate can
 act as an indicators of biological age further to chronological age when
 exploring life-history questions in natural conditions.
description: MEC-12-0887Longitudinal and cross-sectional data on telomere length, body mass and tarsus length of Seychelles warblers collected in the field. Telomere length estimates were measured using an absolute qPCR method. Please see README file for further details.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.628kp
title: Data from: Silica Particles with Encapsulated DNA as trophic tracers

description: Ecological networks such as food webs are extremely complex and can
 provide important information about the robustness and productivity of an
 ecosystem. In most cases it is not feasible to observe trophic
 interactions between predators and prey directly and with the available
 methods it is difficult to quantify the connections between them. Here we
 show that submicron-sized Silica Particles (100 – 150 nm) with
 Encapsulated DNA (SPED) enable accurate food and organism labeling and
 quantification of specific animal-to-animal transfer over more than one
 trophic level. We found that SPED were readily transferable and
 quantifiable from the bottom to the top of a two-level food chain of
 arthropods. SPED were taken up in the gut system and remained persistent
 in an animal over several days. When uniquely labeled SPED were applied at
 predefined ratios we found that information about their relative abundance
 was reliably conserved after trophic level transfer and over time. SPED
 were also applied to investigate the flower preference of fly pollinators,
 where they proved to be a fast and accurate analysis method. SPED combine
 attributes of DNA barcoding and stable isotope analysis such as unique
 labeling, quantification via real-time PCR and exact backtracking to the
 tracer source. This improves and simplifies the analysis and monitoring of
 ecological networks. 
description: Fig.4
 dataqPCR input data,
 calculated SPED numbers and ratios for Fig. 4.Fig.5
 dataqPCR input data and
 calculated SPED numbers for Fig. 5.Fig.6
 dataqPCR input data and
 calculated SPED numbers for Fig. 6A. Input data for the distributions in
 Fig. 6B.Fig.2
 dataqPCR input data and
 calculated SPED numbers for Fig. 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c3g3b
title: Data from: Early exposure to a bacterial endotoxin advances the onset of moult in the European starling

description: In animals, events occurring early in life can have profound effects on
 subsequent life-history events. Early developmental stresses often produce
 negative long-lasting impacts, although positive effects of mild stressors
 have also been documented. Most studies of birds have investigated the
 effects of events occurring at early developmental stages on the timing of
 migration or reproduction, but little is known on the long-term effects of
 these early events on moulting and plumage quality. We exposed European
 starling (Sturnus vulgaris) nestlings to an immune challenge to assess the
 effects of a developmental stress on the timing of the first
 (post-juvenile) and second (post-breeding) complete annual moult, the
 length of the flight feathers, and the length and colouration of
 ornamental throat feathers. The nestlings were transferred to indoor
 aviaries before fledgling and kept in captivity until the end of
 post-breeding moult. Individuals treated with Escherichia coli
 lypopolysaccharide (LPS) started both moult cyclesing earlier compared to
 control siblings in either years. Moult duration was unaffected by the
 immune challenge, but an advanced moult onset resulted in a longer moult
 duration. Moreover, female (but not male) throat feather colouration of
 LPS-injected -exposed individuals showed a reduced UV chroma. We argue
 that an early activation of the immune system caused by LPS may allow
 nestlings to better cope with post-fledging stresses and possibly lead to
 improved body condition and earlier moult onset. The effect of early LPS
 exposure was remarkably persistent, as it was still visible more than one
 year after the treatment, and highlighted the importance of early
 developmental stresses in shaping subsequent major life-history traits,
 including the timing of moult in birds.
description: Pirrello et al. Moult
 LPS starlingsPirrello et al.
 MutaLPS_Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kp57d
title: Data from: Mapping of genetic factors that elicit intermale aggressive behavior on mouse chromosome 15: intruder effects and the complex genetic basis

description: Despite high estimates of the heritability of aggressiveness, the genetic
 basis for individual differences in aggression remains unclear.
 Previously, we showed that the wild-derived mouse strain MSM/Ms (MSM)
 exhibits highly aggressive behaviors, and identified chromosome 15 (Chr
 15) as the location of one of the genetic factors behind this escalated
 aggression by using a panel of consomic strains of MSM in a C57BL/6J (B6)
 background. To understand the genetic effect of Chr 15 derived from MSM in
 detail, this study examined the aggressive behavior of a Chr 15 consomic
 strain towards different types of opponent. Our results showed that both
 resident and intruder animals had to have the same MSM Chr 15 genotype in
 order for attack bites to increase and attack latency to be reduced,
 whereas there was an intruder effect of MSM Chr 15 on tail rattle
 behavior. To narrow down the region that contains the genetic loci
 involved in the aggression-eliciting effects on Chr 15, we established a
 panel of subconsomic strains of MSM Chr 15. Analysis of these strains
 suggested the existence of multiple genes that enhance and suppress
 aggressive behavior on Chr 15, and these loci interact in a complex way.
 Regression analysis successfully identified four genetic loci on Chr 15
 that influence attack latency, and one genetic locus that partially
 elicits aggressive behaviors was narrowed down to a 4.1-Mbp region (from
 68.40 Mb to 72.50 Mb) on Chr 15.
description: Chr
 15_Aggression_Mapping_DataShareBehavioral data for
 aggression analysis
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sk435
title: Data from: Recolonizing grey wolves increase parasite infection risk in their prey

description: The recent recolonization of Central Europe by the European grey wolf
 (Canis lupus) provides an opportunity to study the dynamics of parasite
 transmission for cases when a definitive host returns after a phase of
 local extinction. We investigated whether a newly established wolf
 population increased the prevalence of those parasites in ungulate
 intermediate hosts representing wolf prey, whether some parasite species
 are particularly well adapted to wolves, and the potential basis for such
 adaptations. We recorded Sarcocystis species richness in wolves and
 Sarcocystis prevalence in ungulates harvested in study sites with and
 without permanent wolf presence in Germany using microscopy and DNA
 metabarcoding. Sarcocystis prevalence in red deer (Cervus elaphus) was
 significantly higher in wolf areas (79.7%) than in control areas (26.3%)
 but not in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) (97.2% vs. 90.4%) or wild boar
 (Sus scrofa) (82.8% vs. 64.9%). Of 11 Sarcocystis species, S. taeniata and
 S. grueneri occurred more often in wolves than expected from the
 Sarcocystis infection patterns of ungulate prey. Both Sarcocystis species
 showed a higher increase in prevalence in ungulates in wolf areas than
 other Sarcocystis species, suggesting that they are particularly well
 adapted to wolves, and are examples of ‘wolf specialists’. Sarcocystis
 species richness in wolves was significantly higher in pups than in
 adults. ‘Wolf specialists’ persisted during wolf maturation. The results
 of this study demonstrate that (1) predator–prey interactions influence
 parasite prevalence, if both predator and prey are part of the parasite
 life cycle, (2) mesopredators do not necessarily replace the apex predator
 in parasite transmission dynamics for particular parasites of which the
 apex predator is the definitive host, even if meso– and apex predators
 were from the same taxonomic family (here: Canidae, e.g. red foxes Vulpes
 vulpes), and (3) age–dependent immune maturation contributes to the
 control of protozoan infection in wolves.
description: Sarcocystis results
 table preyAs described in the
 Material & Methods section (2.4. Bioinformatics) of the corresponding
 paper, this csv results table contains the assignment of 18S operational
 taxonomic units (OTUs) to Sarcocystis species, when applying an identity
 threshold of 98% using BLAST® (blastn, Altschul et al., 1990). Only hits
 with a biunique best bit score for one parasite species were collected.
 Additionally, the table provides the sample ID, ungulate species, OTU
 number, amplicon name, blast identity as well as information about whether
 samples had been collected in an area recolonized by wolves or
 not.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dj1b8
title: Data from: Higher iridescent-to-pigment optical effect in flowers facilitates learning, memory and generalization in foraging bumblebees

description: Iridescence—change of colour with changes in the angle of viewor of
 illumination— is widespread in the living world but its functions remain
 poorly understood. The presence of iridescence has been suggested in
 flowers where diffraction gratings generate iridescent colours. Such
 colours have been suggested to serve plant–pollinator communication. Here
 we tested whether a higher iridescence relative to corolla pigmentation
 would facilitate discrimination, learning and retention of iridescent
 visual targets. We conditioned bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) to
 discriminate iridescent from non-iridescent artificial flowers and we
 varied iridescence detectability by varying target iridescent relative to
 pigment optical effect. We show that bees rewarded on targets with higher
 iridescent relative to pigment effect required fewer choices to complete
 learning, showed faster generalization to novel targets exhibiting the
 same iridescence-to-pigment level and had better long-term memory
 retention. Along with optical measurements, behavioural results thus
 demonstrate that bees can learn iridescence-related cues as bonafide
 signals for flower reward. They also suggest that floral advertising may
 be shaped by competition between iridescence and corolla pigmentation, a
 fact that has important evolutionary implications for pollinators. Optical
 measurements narrow down the type of cues that bees may have used for
 learning. Beyond pollinator–plant communication, our experiments help
 understanding how receivers influence the evolution of iridescence signals
 generated by gratings.
description: learning
 databehavioral data on
 learninglearning generalisation
 memory databehavioral data on
 learning (only the last 15 visits) generalisation and memory
 retention
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8p1n3
title: Data from: Cortical thickness, surface area and subcortical volume differentially contribute to cognitive heterogeneity in Parkinson's disease

description: Parkinson's disease (PD) is often associated with cognitive deficits,
 although their severity varies considerably between patients. Recently, we
 used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to show that individual differences in
 gray matter (GM) volume relate to cognitive heterogeneity in PD. VBM does,
 however, not differentiate between cortical thickness (CTh) and surface
 area (SA), which might be independently affected in PD. We therefore
 re-analyzed our cohort using the surface-based method FreeSurfer, and
 investigated (i) CTh, SA, and (sub)cortical GM volume differences between
 93 PD patients and 45 matched controls, and (ii) the relation between
 these structural measures and cognitive performance on six
 neuropsychological tasks within the PD group. We found cortical thinning
 in PD patients in the left pericalcarine gyrus, extending to cuneus,
 precuneus and lingual areas and left inferior parietal cortex, bilateral
 rostral middle frontal cortex, and right cuneus, and increased cortical
 surface area in the left pars triangularis. Within the PD group, we found
 negative correlations between (i) CTh of occipital areas and performance
 on a verbal memory task, (ii) SA and volume of the frontal cortex and
 visuospatial memory performance, and, (iii) volume of the right thalamus
 and scores on two verbal fluency tasks. Our primary findings illustrate
 that i) CTh and SA are differentially affected in PD, and ii) VBM and
 FreeSurfer yield non-overlapping results in an identical dataset. We argue
 that this discrepancy is due to technical differences and the subtlety of
 the PD-related structural changes.
description: Raw_data_Gerrits_DryadSee the Dryad_ReadMe_Gerrits word file.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vj3gm
title: Data from: Differential allocation in a lekking bird: females lay larger eggs and are more likely to have male chicks when they mate with less related males

description: The differential allocation hypothesis predicts increased investment in
 offspring when females mate with high-quality males. Few studies have
 tested whether investment varies with mate relatedness, despite evidence
 that non-additive gene action influences mate and offspring genetic
 quality. We tested whether female lekking lance-tailed manakins
 (Chiroxiphia lanceolata) adjust offspring sex and egg volume in response
 to mate attractiveness (annual reproductive success, ARS), heterozygosity
 and relatedness. Across 968 offspring, the probability of being male
 decreased with increasing parental relatedness but not father ARS or
 heterozygosity. This correlation tended to diminish with increasing
 lay-date. Across 162 offspring, egg volume correlated negatively with
 parental relatedness and varied with lay-date, but was unrelated to father
 ARS or heterozygosity. Offspring sex and egg size were unrelated to
 maternal age. Comparisons of maternal half-siblings in broods with no
 mortality produced similar results, indicating differential allocation
 rather than covariation between female quality and relatedness or
 sex-specific inbreeding depression in survival. As males suffer greater
 inbreeding depression, overproducing females after mating with related
 males may reduce fitness costs of inbreeding in a system with no
 inbreeding avoidance, while biasing the sex of outbred offspring towards
 males may maximize fitness via increased mating success of outbred sons.
description: sexinfoeggvolumedataSexRatioData
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.74v07n6
title: Data from: Limited genetic evidence for host plant-related differentiation in the Western cherry fruit fly Rhagoletis indifferens (Diptera: Tephritidae)

description: The shift of the fruit fly Rhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) in the mid-1800s
 from downy hawthorn, Crataegus mollis (Torrey & Asa Gray) Scheele,
 to introduced domesticated apple, Malus domestica (Borkhausen), in the
 eastern USA is a model for ecological divergence with gene flow. A similar
 system may exist in the northwestern USA and British Columbia, Canada,
 where Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae) attacks the
 native bitter cherry Prunus emarginata (Douglas ex Hooker) Eaton
 (Rosaceae). Populations of R. indifferens have shifted and became economic
 pests on domesticated sweet cherry, Prunus avium (L.) L., shortly after
 sweet cherries were introduced to the region in the mid-1800s. The
 fruiting phenologies of the two cherries differ in a similar manner as
 apples and hawthorns, with domesticated sweet cherries typically ripening
 in June and July, and bitter cherries in July and August. Here we report,
 however, little evidence for genetic differentiation between bitter vs.
 sweet cherry populations of R. indifferens or for pronounced genetic
 associations between allele frequencies and adult eclosion time, as has
 been documented for apple and downy hawthorn flies. The current findings
 support a previous more geographically limited survey of R. indifferens in
 the province of British Columbia, Canada, and an analysis of its sister
 species, R. cingulata, in the state of Michigan, USA, implying a lack of
 host-related differentiation for flies infesting different cherry host
 plants. Possible causes for why host races are readily genetically
 detected for R. pomonella but not for R. indifferens are discussed.
description: Table
 S1Allele frequencies for
 microsatellite loci analyzed in the study. See Table 1 of the main text
 for numerical designations and descriptions of study sites, and Figure 1
 of the main text for a map of the sites. Populations 1-6 are bitter cherry
 sites, 7-12 represent sweet cherry sites.CherryFlyRacesTableS1.xlsxIndividual GenotypesGenotypes for microsatellite loci, in STRUCTURE format, for all individuals analyzed in the study. Numerical designations of populations, indicated in column 2, correspond to those listed in Table 1 and depicted in Figure 1 of the main text. Populations 1-6 are bitter cherry sites, 7-12 represent sweet cherry sites.CherryFlyRacesAlleles.str
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.15pv1
title: Data from: Responses of King penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) adults and chicks to two food-related odours

description: Increasing evidence suggests that penguins are sensitive to dimethyl
 sulphide (DMS), a scented airborne compound that a variety of marine
 animals use to find productive areas of the ocean where prey is likely to
 be found. Here we present data showing that king penguins Aptenodytes
 patagonicus are also sensitive to DMS. We deployed DMS on a lake near a
 king penguin colony at Ratmanoff beach in the Kerguelen archipelago. We
 also presented DMS to ‘sleeping’ adults on the beach. On the lake,
 penguins responded to the DMS deployments by swimming more, while on the
 beach, penguins twitched their heads and woke up more for the DMS than for
 the control presentations. Interestingly, penguins did not respond to cod
 liver oil deployments on the lake; mirroring at-sea studies of other
 penguins. Although at-sea studies are needed to confirm that king penguins
 use DMS as a surface cue that informs them of productivity under the
 water, this study is an important first step in understanding how these
 birds locate prey over significant distances.
description: Data and
 AnalysisRaw data and analysis
 for Porter method studies. Raw data and R code for Lake
 study.Cunningham et
 al.xlsx
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ck7tps
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 50 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Crenidium spinescens",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 50 records from 11 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000882-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vb120
title: Data from: Below-ground causes and consequences of woodland shrub invasions: a novel paired-point framework reveals new insights

description: 1. Confirming the impacts of invasive plants is essential for prioritizing
 management efforts, but is challenging, especially if impacts occur below
 ground and over long periods as hypothesized for woodland shrub invasions.
 2. For this reason, we developed a novel “paired-point” framework capable
 of detecting the below-ground impacts of slow-growing invasive plants from
 short-term datasets in an investigation into the below-ground consequences
 of European buckthorn Rhamnus cathartica L. (hereafter buckthorn)
 invasions into Chicago-area woodlands. We measured differences between the
 members of 97 pairs of buckthorn-invaded and buckthorn-free points in ten
 below-ground response variables (RVs) that buckthorn is hypothesized to
 alter (listed below). We then modelled these differences (ΔRVs) in
 response to the severity of the invasion found at each invaded point. A
 relationship (linear or non-linear) between a ΔRV and severity, i.e. slope
 ≠ 0, suggests a buckthorn-induced change. An intercept (value of ΔRV where
 severity = 0) different from zero suggests a pre-existing difference. 3.
 Relating differences to an invasion gradient rather than simply noting
 their presence provided evidence that the higher levels of moisture, pH,
 total C, total N, NH4+-N, and Ca2+ in invaded soils pre-date and possibly
 promote invasion (particularly Ca2+), and that neither earthworm biomass
 nor soil C:N ratios are associated with buckthorn invasion, all of which
 suggest buckthorn to be less of a “driver” of below-ground change than
 hypothesized. We did, however, find evidence that buckthorn establishes in
 areas having greater leaf-litter mass and higher rates of decomposition,
 and then proceeds to accelerate decomposition further and to alter spring
 soil NO3--N levels. 4. Synthesis and applications. Our findings suggest
 that decisions regarding regional buckthorn management should be less
 driven by concerns about buckthorn's below-ground impacts, and that
 greater consideration of how variation in below-ground factors relates to
 invader establishment is needed, rather than simply assuming this
 variation to be invader-induced. This latter consideration can help to
 design better-targeted monitoring programs, limiting the further spread of
 woodland invaders. These insights illustrate the utility of the
 paired-point framework both for investigating below-ground causes and
 consequences of slow-growing invasive plants and for guiding the
 management of these invasions.
description: Iannone_et_al_JAE_Woodland_Invasion_and_SoilsData used to construct severity index, to calculate differences between invaded and uninvaded point of pairs pairs in below-ground soil parameters, and to model these below-ground differences in response to invasion severity.Iannone_et_al_Woodland_Invasion_and_Soils.xlsx