cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634463
title: Genetic diversity of the pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) population in the Brazilian Pantanal assessed by combining fresh fecal DNA analysis and a set of heterologous microsatellite loci

description: Abstract The pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) is close to being classified as ‘globally threatened’, with the largest population occurring in the Brazilian Pantanal. Since capture is stressful to these animals, non-invasive sampling methods such as the use of feces can provide reliable sources of DNA. The aim of this study was to use fecal samples to evaluate the genetic variability of the Brazilian Pantanal population of pampas deer. Six heterologous microsatellite markers were used to screen 142 stool specimens. Seventy-four deer were identified, of which 50 adults were used to determine the genetic characteristics of the population. The Pantanal population showed high genetic diversity (mean number of alleles per locus = 11.5, expected heterozygosity = 0.75). This is the first investigation to characterize a South American deer species using fecal DNA and demonstrates the usefulness and efficiency of this approach, as well as the feasibility of obtaining information that could not have been easily obtained by traditional DNA sampling. Our findings suggest that management strategies for this species may be much more effective if applied now when the population still shows high genetic variability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634463.v1
title: Genetic diversity of the pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) population in the Brazilian Pantanal assessed by combining fresh fecal DNA analysis and a set of heterologous microsatellite loci

description: Abstract The pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus) is close to being classified as ‘globally threatened’, with the largest population occurring in the Brazilian Pantanal. Since capture is stressful to these animals, non-invasive sampling methods such as the use of feces can provide reliable sources of DNA. The aim of this study was to use fecal samples to evaluate the genetic variability of the Brazilian Pantanal population of pampas deer. Six heterologous microsatellite markers were used to screen 142 stool specimens. Seventy-four deer were identified, of which 50 adults were used to determine the genetic characteristics of the population. The Pantanal population showed high genetic diversity (mean number of alleles per locus = 11.5, expected heterozygosity = 0.75). This is the first investigation to characterize a South American deer species using fecal DNA and demonstrates the usefulness and efficiency of this approach, as well as the feasibility of obtaining information that could not have been easily obtained by traditional DNA sampling. Our findings suggest that management strategies for this species may be much more effective if applied now when the population still shows high genetic variability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634460
title: Effect of Boride Incubation Time During the Formation of Fe2B Phase

description: Our present study focuses on the numerical simulation of the boronized layer growth kinetics on the iron substrate of the XC38 steel, the boronizing treatment is performed in a liquid medium composed of borax and silicon carbide. We mainly calculated the incubation time of the boronized layer formation. Aimed at estimating the boronizing treatment kinetics of XC38 steel, we initially used experimental data. The study was conducted to determine the law of borided layers growth and estimate the boron diffusion coefficient in the Fe2B layer. The diffusion coefficient obtained from this experiment is: D Fe 2 B = 1 . 388 × 10 − 4 exp − 207 . 8 × 10 3 j RT m 2 s − 1 In order to calculate the incubation time of the Fe2B layer, we adapted the mathematical model, which is based on the second law of Fick. This model takes into account the thermodynamic properties of the Fe-B phase diagram. The comparison of the results obtained by the simulation with those obtained experimentally verifies the validity of the theoretical study and a good agreement was obtained as well.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634460.v1
title: Effect of Boride Incubation Time During the Formation of Fe2B Phase

description: Our present study focuses on the numerical simulation of the boronized layer growth kinetics on the iron substrate of the XC38 steel, the boronizing treatment is performed in a liquid medium composed of borax and silicon carbide. We mainly calculated the incubation time of the boronized layer formation. Aimed at estimating the boronizing treatment kinetics of XC38 steel, we initially used experimental data. The study was conducted to determine the law of borided layers growth and estimate the boron diffusion coefficient in the Fe2B layer. The diffusion coefficient obtained from this experiment is: D Fe 2 B = 1 . 388 × 10 − 4 exp − 207 . 8 × 10 3 j RT m 2 s − 1 In order to calculate the incubation time of the Fe2B layer, we adapted the mathematical model, which is based on the second law of Fick. This model takes into account the thermodynamic properties of the Fe-B phase diagram. The comparison of the results obtained by the simulation with those obtained experimentally verifies the validity of the theoretical study and a good agreement was obtained as well.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634454
title: Effect of temperature on the degradation of bioactive compounds of Pinot Noir grape pomace during drying

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature and drying time on the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of grape pomace. Experimental data of the drying kinetics were fitted to six mathematical models and the Page model was selected as the most suitable to represent the drying of grape pomace. The best preservation of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity was observed at 60 °C, suggesting that the temperatures of 40 °C and 50 °C were not sufficient to inactivate the enzyme polyphenol oxidase, being responsible for the greater degradation of these compounds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634454.v1
title: Effect of temperature on the degradation of bioactive compounds of Pinot Noir grape pomace during drying

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature and drying time on the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of grape pomace. Experimental data of the drying kinetics were fitted to six mathematical models and the Page model was selected as the most suitable to represent the drying of grape pomace. The best preservation of the phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity was observed at 60 °C, suggesting that the temperatures of 40 °C and 50 °C were not sufficient to inactivate the enzyme polyphenol oxidase, being responsible for the greater degradation of these compounds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634451
title: Small dams also change the benthic macroinvertebrates community in rocky rivers

description: Abstract Aim: Here we analyzed some basic ecological attributes (richness and density) of the benthic community in a stretch of a rocky river under the influence of a small dam of a meter in height, forming a small reservoir of run-of-river type. Methods Sediment samples were taken with a Petersen collector at three different periods and in three sites: upstream from the dam (site 1), close to the dam (site 2) and downstream from the dam (site 3). Organisms were separated in large groups and Chironomidae genera. Results The particle size analysis indicated that the sites 1 and 2 are dominated by fine sediments, in contrast to site 3, composed of medium and coarse sediments. A total of 23 taxa of benthic macroinvertebrate groups and 31 genera of Chironomidae were found. Richness and density were different among sampling sites, and for large groups and Chironomidae its attributes increased towards downstream, probably explained by the sediment composition and the originally lotic conditions in site 3, confirmed by all statistical analysis used. In the dam site (2) there was a richness decrease. Non metric multidimensional analysis showed a clear spatial separation of large groups of macroinvertebrates and chironomid genera between sampling sites, indicating that there are typical taxa of each spatial compartment. Canonical correspondence analysis correlated only rubble sediment with the abundance of large groups, and for Chironomidae genera only the granules type was correlationed, with two groups of taxa in the anlysis: one with sites 1 and 2, and other with site 3. Conclusions Even very small dams in rocky rivers as in the present study alter the environmental variables and ecological attributes of benthic macroinvertebrates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634451.v1
title: Small dams also change the benthic macroinvertebrates community in rocky rivers

description: Abstract Aim: Here we analyzed some basic ecological attributes (richness and density) of the benthic community in a stretch of a rocky river under the influence of a small dam of a meter in height, forming a small reservoir of run-of-river type. Methods Sediment samples were taken with a Petersen collector at three different periods and in three sites: upstream from the dam (site 1), close to the dam (site 2) and downstream from the dam (site 3). Organisms were separated in large groups and Chironomidae genera. Results The particle size analysis indicated that the sites 1 and 2 are dominated by fine sediments, in contrast to site 3, composed of medium and coarse sediments. A total of 23 taxa of benthic macroinvertebrate groups and 31 genera of Chironomidae were found. Richness and density were different among sampling sites, and for large groups and Chironomidae its attributes increased towards downstream, probably explained by the sediment composition and the originally lotic conditions in site 3, confirmed by all statistical analysis used. In the dam site (2) there was a richness decrease. Non metric multidimensional analysis showed a clear spatial separation of large groups of macroinvertebrates and chironomid genera between sampling sites, indicating that there are typical taxa of each spatial compartment. Canonical correspondence analysis correlated only rubble sediment with the abundance of large groups, and for Chironomidae genera only the granules type was correlationed, with two groups of taxa in the anlysis: one with sites 1 and 2, and other with site 3. Conclusions Even very small dams in rocky rivers as in the present study alter the environmental variables and ecological attributes of benthic macroinvertebrates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634442
title: Silvicultural performance of forest species introduced in integrated livestock forest system in Lavras, MG, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the silvicultural performance of four forest species introduced in a setting for integrated livestock forest (ILF) in a pasture in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species included were the Australian red cedar (seminal and clonal), African mahogany, teak, and guanandi. A split plot scheme with a randomized complete block design comprising four replicates and 48 plants per plot, was used in the following arrangement: (3(3x2) +7x2) m. The evaluation times (12, 18, 31, 36, and 43 months after planting) corresponded to the subplots. Performances of all four species were evaluated on the basis of their survival rate, height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH). Based on the performance of the species with regard to these parameters, the clonal Australian red cedar showed a greater growth in DBH and height in the ILF setting as compared to the other species, which indicates it to be a suitable species for the region of Lavras, MG as long as its survival control occurs in the implantation phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634442.v1
title: Silvicultural performance of forest species introduced in integrated livestock forest system in Lavras, MG, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the silvicultural performance of four forest species introduced in a setting for integrated livestock forest (ILF) in a pasture in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The species included were the Australian red cedar (seminal and clonal), African mahogany, teak, and guanandi. A split plot scheme with a randomized complete block design comprising four replicates and 48 plants per plot, was used in the following arrangement: (3(3x2) +7x2) m. The evaluation times (12, 18, 31, 36, and 43 months after planting) corresponded to the subplots. Performances of all four species were evaluated on the basis of their survival rate, height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH). Based on the performance of the species with regard to these parameters, the clonal Australian red cedar showed a greater growth in DBH and height in the ILF setting as compared to the other species, which indicates it to be a suitable species for the region of Lavras, MG as long as its survival control occurs in the implantation phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634433
title: Phytosociology of the herbaceous-subshrub layer of a rupestrian complex in Serra do Espinhaço, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Rupestrian complexes of the Serra do Espinhaço are recognized for their high degree of biodiversity and endemism. However, environmental impacts, particularly from mining, have degraded these environments. The purpose of this study was to describe the herbaceous-subshrub communities that occur in quartzitic (QRC) and ferruginous (FRC) rupestrian complexes in different seasons of the year, with regard to floristic similarity and phytosociological structure. Additionally, the study aimed to identify native species with potential use for the restoration of similar degraded areas. Vegetation was sampled from plots located in the municipality of Conceição do Mato Dentro, state of Minas Gerais. Five contiguous strata of 10 × 50 m were demarcated in each environment, in which 12 plots of 2 × 1 m (2 m²) were randomly distributed, for a total of 60 plots (sample units) in each physiognomy. The studied communities exhibited few similarities and lower floristic diversity than other rupestrian complexes. Detrended correspondence analysis distinguished the communities of FRC from those of QRC. The species with the highest value of importance in FRC were Bulbostylis fimbriata and Centrosema brasilianum, while in QRC Echinolaena inflexa had the highest values, thus, making them eligible for restoration programs in similar environments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634433.v1
title: Phytosociology of the herbaceous-subshrub layer of a rupestrian complex in Serra do Espinhaço, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Rupestrian complexes of the Serra do Espinhaço are recognized for their high degree of biodiversity and endemism. However, environmental impacts, particularly from mining, have degraded these environments. The purpose of this study was to describe the herbaceous-subshrub communities that occur in quartzitic (QRC) and ferruginous (FRC) rupestrian complexes in different seasons of the year, with regard to floristic similarity and phytosociological structure. Additionally, the study aimed to identify native species with potential use for the restoration of similar degraded areas. Vegetation was sampled from plots located in the municipality of Conceição do Mato Dentro, state of Minas Gerais. Five contiguous strata of 10 × 50 m were demarcated in each environment, in which 12 plots of 2 × 1 m (2 m²) were randomly distributed, for a total of 60 plots (sample units) in each physiognomy. The studied communities exhibited few similarities and lower floristic diversity than other rupestrian complexes. Detrended correspondence analysis distinguished the communities of FRC from those of QRC. The species with the highest value of importance in FRC were Bulbostylis fimbriata and Centrosema brasilianum, while in QRC Echinolaena inflexa had the highest values, thus, making them eligible for restoration programs in similar environments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634430
title: Band Structure in Carbon Nanostructure Phononic Crystals

description: We investigate the band structure of elastic waves propagating in carbon nanostructure phononic crystals with square, rectangular, triangular, honeycomb and Kagomé lattices. We also study the influence of carbon nanostructure cross section geometry - circular, hollow circular, square and rotated square with a 45° angle of rotation with respect to the x and y axes. Plane wave expansion method is used to solve the governing equations of motion of a isotropic solid based on classical elasticity theory, ignoring nanoscopic size effects, considering two-dimensional periodicity and wave propagation in the xy plane. Complete band gaps between XY and Z modes are observed for all types of carbon nanostructures. The best performance is for nanophononic crystal with circular carbon nanostructures in a triangular lattice with high band gap width in a broad range of filling fraction. We suggest that carbon nanostructure phononic crystals are feasible for elastic vibration management in GHz.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634430.v1
title: Band Structure in Carbon Nanostructure Phononic Crystals

description: We investigate the band structure of elastic waves propagating in carbon nanostructure phononic crystals with square, rectangular, triangular, honeycomb and Kagomé lattices. We also study the influence of carbon nanostructure cross section geometry - circular, hollow circular, square and rotated square with a 45° angle of rotation with respect to the x and y axes. Plane wave expansion method is used to solve the governing equations of motion of a isotropic solid based on classical elasticity theory, ignoring nanoscopic size effects, considering two-dimensional periodicity and wave propagation in the xy plane. Complete band gaps between XY and Z modes are observed for all types of carbon nanostructures. The best performance is for nanophononic crystal with circular carbon nanostructures in a triangular lattice with high band gap width in a broad range of filling fraction. We suggest that carbon nanostructure phononic crystals are feasible for elastic vibration management in GHz.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634427.v1
title: Technological differences between açai and juçara pulps and their sorbets

description: Abstract Açai and juçara are palm trees that produce similar fruits. However, only the sale of açai is growing on the market for pulps and processed products for human consumption. The aim of this study was to compare açai and juçara pulps from the chemical, bioactive, rheological and technological points of view. Sorbets were elaborated with the pulps and evaluations were carried out regarding the antioxidant activity, polyphenols, anthocyanins, pH, acidity, soluble solids, ratio and colour. The pulps were evaluated rheologically and the sorbets for melting time. Juçara showed better results regarding the bioactive parameters (antioxidants ≈ 151 uM ferrous sulphate/ g and anthocyanins ≈ 77 mg.100g-1) and presented a more intense colour (Chroma 17). The pulps were physicochemically similar. The sorbet preserved much of the nutrients and presented a very intense colour, mainly in the juçara sorbet.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634424
title: Effect of Austenitizing Temperature on Mechanical Properties of the Mixed Bainite - Martensite Microstructure in CrMoV Steel

description: The effect of austenitizing temperature on mechanical properties of the mixed bainite - martensite microstructure in CrMoV steel was studied in the present work. The result showed that at low austenitizing temperature (910°C - 1000°C), the mixed microstructures containing 12-28% volume fraction of lower bainite showed higher yield and tensile strength than fully martensitic microstructure. The partitioning of the prior austenite grain by lower bainite was found to cause a refinement of the martensite packet size. In addition the strength of the lower bainite in the mixed microstructure is enhanced by plastic constraint induced by the surrounding stronger martensite. By increasing the austenitizing temperature from 1000°C to 1200°C (40min), the YS, UTS, %EL, %RA and CVN impact energy decreased for all samples. This is attributed mainly to the increase in austenite grain size and width of bainite sheaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634424.v1
title: Effect of Austenitizing Temperature on Mechanical Properties of the Mixed Bainite - Martensite Microstructure in CrMoV Steel

description: The effect of austenitizing temperature on mechanical properties of the mixed bainite - martensite microstructure in CrMoV steel was studied in the present work. The result showed that at low austenitizing temperature (910°C - 1000°C), the mixed microstructures containing 12-28% volume fraction of lower bainite showed higher yield and tensile strength than fully martensitic microstructure. The partitioning of the prior austenite grain by lower bainite was found to cause a refinement of the martensite packet size. In addition the strength of the lower bainite in the mixed microstructure is enhanced by plastic constraint induced by the surrounding stronger martensite. By increasing the austenitizing temperature from 1000°C to 1200°C (40min), the YS, UTS, %EL, %RA and CVN impact energy decreased for all samples. This is attributed mainly to the increase in austenite grain size and width of bainite sheaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5634421
title: Food bar labels: consumer behaviour and veracity of the available information

description: Abstract The search for high nutritional value, convenience, low-calorie foods with pleasant sensory characteristics which provide health benefits, makes food bars a promising product in the food sector, and they are already being considered as healthy alternatives according to common sense. The objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate the interest and the way in which consumers understand the information on food labels; (ii) to determine consumer habits; and (iii) to determine the sugar contents of commercial food bars (conventional, sugar-free and light) to confirm the veracity of the information available on the labels of these products. Regarding the consumption of food bars, the majority of the respondents consumed this product and, although most of them considered them to be a healthy product due to the allegation of being rich in fibre and cereals, even with the knowledge of the presence of sugar, the main reasons taken into consideration when buying them were convenience and practicality. Socio-demographic variables such as gender, age, income and educational level influenced the standards and behaviours of consumption of the product. The quantification of sugar in commercial food bars indicated that these products could be considered as foods with intermediate to high amounts of sugar. The results obtained for sugar-free bars were even more worrying because the concentrations of sugar found indicated a lack of compliance with applicable regulations for this category for all the brands evaluated.