DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f1vhhmgw4
title: Concentration of selected proteins in plasma of patient with soft tissue infections or sepsis

description: The dataset includes two tabular sets of concentration measurements of
 selected proteins in plasma samples from patients with soft tissue
 infections or sepsis. Patients with soft tissue infections are classified
 into three groups: Patients with necrotizing soft tissue infections
 (NSTI), suspected NSTI cases but where no necrotic tissue was found during
 surgical exploration (Non-NSTI) and cellulitis. The sepsis patient cohort
 has heterogeneous etiologies and location of infection. Additionally, we
 included a group of patients that had surgery related to non-infectious
 conditions as a healthy cohort of patients (Surgical control). The
 measurements were performed by Luminex® multiplex immunoassay or ELISA.
 Each of the two sets were obtained from independent rounds of measurements
 and differ in the panel of analytes measured and samples included. The
 first set of measurements (Set01) covers 39 analytes measured in two sets
 of customized multiplex plates (32-plex and 5-plex), and two in
 independent ELISA assays. These analytes were measured in 251 NSTI
 samples, 20 Non-NSTI, 19 cellulitis and 20 surgical controls. The second
 set of measurements (Set02) consist of a subset of 10 analytes included in
 the first set and were measured in two multiplex plates (4-plex and
 6-plex). The second round of measurements were carried out in 60
 additional NSTI patients and 24 sepsis patients. Lastly, imputation of
 censored data was carried out only in the first set of measurements and
 the resulting data is also available in the current data set
 (Set01_imputed).
description: The study is based on
 clinical data and plasma samples from patients with NSTI (surgically
 confirmed) enrolled in the multicentre INFECT study (NCT01790698,
 clinicaltrials.gov). Samples were collected in five hospitals in
 Scandinavia: Blekingesjukhuset (Karlskrona, Sweden), Haukeland University
 Hospital (Bergen, Norway), Karolinska University Hospital (Stockholm,
 Sweden), Righospitalet (Copenhagen, Denmark), Sahlgrenska University
 Hospital (Gothenburg, Sweden). The ‘non-NSTI’ patient samples were
 collected during the INFECT study and included patients with suspected
 NSTI who after surgical examination, were diagnosed with less severe soft
 tissue infections due to lack of necrotic tissue. The ‘surgical controls’ included
 patients who underwent
 elective surgery at Rigshospitalet (University Hospital of Copenhagen,
 Denmark) for non-infectious conditions and that had no
 underlying diseases. <em>Plasma samples from patients with sepsis at
 the emergency clinic at the Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge were
 included. </em> Plasma samples from patients were
 prepared from blood collected at admission in EDTA-containing tubes and
 immediately aliquoted and frozen at -80°C. Concentrations in plasma of the
 selected panels of analytes were determined using the bead based Luminex
 multiplex immunoassay. Samples were thawed on the day of measurement and
 assays were performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol. All plates
 were acquired on a Luminex MAGPIX instrument using xPonent 4.0 Software
 (Luminex). The measurements of the first set of analytes (Set01) were done
 in two individual ELISA plates for IL-23 and IL-33, and two customized
 multiplex plates of 5 and 32 analytes (R&D systems) including
  CCL2/MCP-1, CCL4/MIP-1β, CCL5/RANTES, CXCL-8/IL-8, CXCL10/IP-10, IL-1α,
 IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-18, IL-22,
 IL-36β/IL-1F8, E-Selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MMP-1, MMP-8, MMP-9, C5/C5a,
 Collagen-IVα1, Fas-Ligand, Galectin-3, G-CSF, I-alpha-1/COL1A1, MPO,
 Pentraxin-3, Resistin, S100A8, S100A9, Thrombomodulin, and TNFα.
 Set02 consist of two panels
 measured in two customized multiplex plates from R&D Systems
 (G-CSF, IL-6, S100A8 and Thrombomodulin) and Thermofisher (MMP-9, CXCL10,
 IL-2, IL-10, IL-22, and Fas-Ligand). Imputation of censored data was
 only carried out in Set01. Censored values from cytokines with only one
 missing value were substituted directly to half the minimal value
 (left-censored) or the maximal plus 20% (right-censored). For all other
 cytokines, the imputation was performed using the method by Wei et al.
 (PLoS Comput. Biol. 14, 2018, doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005973.). The
 imputation for cytokines with double censored data was carried out in two
 sequential imputation steps. First, the data was made left-censored by
 setting the censored values above the range to the maximum observed value
 and then performing imputation of the left-censored data. Then, the
 right-censored values were set back to be censored and imputed.