cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368233
title: Effect of plant protection products on Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae in laboratory

description: ABSTRACT: With the aim of developing tools for simultaneously managing Rhynchophorus palmarum and the coconut stem bleeding disease, we evaluated the effects of the insecticide thiamethoxam and the fungicide cyproconazole on R. palmarum larvae under laboratory conditions. Early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae were fed on an artificial diet containing 0.1% concentration of insecticide, fungicide or a mixture of both. Larval mortality was assessed daily during the 48 hours after the application of the treatments. Mean mortality values were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Thiamethoxam caused mortality of 100% of early-instar and 90% of intermediate-instar larvae. In contrast, mortality was significantly lower in the cyproconazole treatment (60% for early-instar and 0% for intermediate-instar larvae) and the control (0% mortality for both treatments). The insecticide/fungicide mixture was equally effective (100% for early-instar and 86.67% for intermediate-instar larvae) to the insecticide only treatment. Differences in mortality between early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae were significant only for the thiamethoxam and cyproconazole treatments. These results indicate that, for the doses used here, thiamethoxam is toxic to both early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae, while cyproconazole is toxic just to early-instar larvae. Moreover, cyproconazole does not increase the toxicity of thiamethoxam. Early-instar larvae are more sensitive to thiamethoxam and cyproconazole than intermediate-instar larvae. We conclude that thiamethoxam + cyproconazole mixture may be effective for managing R. palmarum and associated fungal diseases on coconut palms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7368233.v1
title: Effect of plant protection products on Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) larvae in laboratory

description: ABSTRACT: With the aim of developing tools for simultaneously managing Rhynchophorus palmarum and the coconut stem bleeding disease, we evaluated the effects of the insecticide thiamethoxam and the fungicide cyproconazole on R. palmarum larvae under laboratory conditions. Early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae were fed on an artificial diet containing 0.1% concentration of insecticide, fungicide or a mixture of both. Larval mortality was assessed daily during the 48 hours after the application of the treatments. Mean mortality values were subjected to analysis of variance and compared by Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). Thiamethoxam caused mortality of 100% of early-instar and 90% of intermediate-instar larvae. In contrast, mortality was significantly lower in the cyproconazole treatment (60% for early-instar and 0% for intermediate-instar larvae) and the control (0% mortality for both treatments). The insecticide/fungicide mixture was equally effective (100% for early-instar and 86.67% for intermediate-instar larvae) to the insecticide only treatment. Differences in mortality between early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae were significant only for the thiamethoxam and cyproconazole treatments. These results indicate that, for the doses used here, thiamethoxam is toxic to both early-instar and intermediate-instar larvae, while cyproconazole is toxic just to early-instar larvae. Moreover, cyproconazole does not increase the toxicity of thiamethoxam. Early-instar larvae are more sensitive to thiamethoxam and cyproconazole than intermediate-instar larvae. We conclude that thiamethoxam + cyproconazole mixture may be effective for managing R. palmarum and associated fungal diseases on coconut palms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7367579
title: Genetic variability of Corynespora cassiicola isolates from Amazonas, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Corynespora cassiicola is a cosmopolitan ascomycete widely known as phytopathogen in several crops, and more recently as an emerging pathogen in humans. In this study the genetic variability of 60 isolates of Corynespora cassiicola from different hosts and cities of Amazonas was evaluated, using AFLP molecular markers. Seven genetic groups were identified according to a dendrogram obtained by the Unweighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetical Averages, indicating significant variability among the isolates. Three isolates of different hosts (28, obtained from papaya; 55, obtained from cucumber; and 58, from tomato) remained as single individuals in distinct groups, suggesting marked genetic variation in comparison to the other isolates and possible specificity by the host.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7367570
title: Inhibition of symbiote fungus of the leaf cutter ant Atta sexdens by secondary metabolites from the bacterium Xenorhabdus szentirmaii associated with entomopathogenic nematodes

description: ABSTRACT: Leaf-cutter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) have evolved as dominant herbivores on the American continent. These social insects remove the leaves of economically important plant species to maintain their colony’s food reserves, the symbiotic fungus Leucocoprinus gongylophorus, a basidiomycete. Such fungus can be used for applications of fungicide molecules from metabolites generated by symbiont bacteria (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus) from entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis). Through isolation and multiplication in tryptic soy broth (TSB) medium of the bacteria Xenorhabdus szentirmaii isolated PAM 25, we conducted laboratorial tests using treatments with 10, 25, and 50% of the metabolites obtained in the sixth day of cultivation. The treatments were centrifuged and filtered to generate a supernatant, which was diluted in potato + dextrose + agar (PDA), to verify the consequences of exposure to the fungus L. gongylophorus in Petri dishes. To confirm metabolite efficiency, the control treatments in PDA only and mixed (PDA+TSB) media were conducted simultaneously for 14 days. We observed total inhibition of the symbiont fungus in both the 25 and 50% dilutions during the first days of the tests. Our results support that these metabolites have inhibitory effect on the development of symbiont fungus of leaf-cutter ants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7367570.v1
title: Inhibition of symbiote fungus of the leaf cutter ant Atta sexdens by secondary metabolites from the bacterium Xenorhabdus szentirmaii associated with entomopathogenic nematodes

description: ABSTRACT: Leaf-cutter ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) have evolved as dominant herbivores on the American continent. These social insects remove the leaves of economically important plant species to maintain their colony’s food reserves, the symbiotic fungus Leucocoprinus gongylophorus, a basidiomycete. Such fungus can be used for applications of fungicide molecules from metabolites generated by symbiont bacteria (Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus) from entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema and Heterorhabditis). Through isolation and multiplication in tryptic soy broth (TSB) medium of the bacteria Xenorhabdus szentirmaii isolated PAM 25, we conducted laboratorial tests using treatments with 10, 25, and 50% of the metabolites obtained in the sixth day of cultivation. The treatments were centrifuged and filtered to generate a supernatant, which was diluted in potato + dextrose + agar (PDA), to verify the consequences of exposure to the fungus L. gongylophorus in Petri dishes. To confirm metabolite efficiency, the control treatments in PDA only and mixed (PDA+TSB) media were conducted simultaneously for 14 days. We observed total inhibition of the symbiont fungus in both the 25 and 50% dilutions during the first days of the tests. Our results support that these metabolites have inhibitory effect on the development of symbiont fungus of leaf-cutter ants.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7367579.v1
title: Genetic variability of Corynespora cassiicola isolates from Amazonas, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: Corynespora cassiicola is a cosmopolitan ascomycete widely known as phytopathogen in several crops, and more recently as an emerging pathogen in humans. In this study the genetic variability of 60 isolates of Corynespora cassiicola from different hosts and cities of Amazonas was evaluated, using AFLP molecular markers. Seven genetic groups were identified according to a dendrogram obtained by the Unweighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetical Averages, indicating significant variability among the isolates. Three isolates of different hosts (28, obtained from papaya; 55, obtained from cucumber; and 58, from tomato) remained as single individuals in distinct groups, suggesting marked genetic variation in comparison to the other isolates and possible specificity by the host.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7390730
title: New host records for species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the state of Amazonas, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: This is the first record, for the state of Amazonas, of the occurrence of Anastrepha striata in fruits of abiu (Pouteria caimito, Sapotaceae) and star fruit (Averrhoa carambola, Oxalidaceae). The associations between A. striata vs Inga fagifolia (Fabaceae), A. striata vs Passiflora nitida (Passifloraceae) and Anastrepha distincta vs P. nitida are new for Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7390730.v1
title: New host records for species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the state of Amazonas, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: This is the first record, for the state of Amazonas, of the occurrence of Anastrepha striata in fruits of abiu (Pouteria caimito, Sapotaceae) and star fruit (Averrhoa carambola, Oxalidaceae). The associations between A. striata vs Inga fagifolia (Fabaceae), A. striata vs Passiflora nitida (Passifloraceae) and Anastrepha distincta vs P. nitida are new for Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7367585
title: Can the leaf age influence the susceptibility to bacterial-leaf-spot and bacterial-halo-blight on coffee seedlings?

description: ABSTRACT: Pseudomonas syringae van Hall, 1902, causes yield losses in innumerous economic important crops. On coffee trees, P. syringae pv. garcae causes the bacterial-halo-blight (BHB) and P. syringae pv. tabaci the bacterial-leaf-spot (BLS). Recently, these diseases incidence has increase in occurrence areas and aggressiveness in Brazil. Although leaf age plays a role in the severity response of BHB, it is not known yet if this phenomenon also occurs in coffee-BLS interaction, and with highly virulent strains. So, we examined differences in the diseases severity by inoculation of P. syringae pv. garcae and P. syringae pv. tabaci strains on coffee leaves with different ages, to compare this aspect with coffee-BLS interaction. Our results showed that, for both pathovars, the severity was greater at the first internodes leaves, although for the most aggressive strains it was quite similar on any leaf age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7367585.v1
title: Can the leaf age influence the susceptibility to bacterial-leaf-spot and bacterial-halo-blight on coffee seedlings?

description: ABSTRACT: Pseudomonas syringae van Hall, 1902, causes yield losses in innumerous economic important crops. On coffee trees, P. syringae pv. garcae causes the bacterial-halo-blight (BHB) and P. syringae pv. tabaci the bacterial-leaf-spot (BLS). Recently, these diseases incidence has increase in occurrence areas and aggressiveness in Brazil. Although leaf age plays a role in the severity response of BHB, it is not known yet if this phenomenon also occurs in coffee-BLS interaction, and with highly virulent strains. So, we examined differences in the diseases severity by inoculation of P. syringae pv. garcae and P. syringae pv. tabaci strains on coffee leaves with different ages, to compare this aspect with coffee-BLS interaction. Our results showed that, for both pathovars, the severity was greater at the first internodes leaves, although for the most aggressive strains it was quite similar on any leaf age.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9927242
title: Control of Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) using Chin-IA (I-A) isolate as integrate component of management in soybean crops

description: ABSTRACT Chrysodeixis includens is an important pest of soybean crop who has gained more visibility in the Brazilian Cerrado due to damage caused in this region. Foliar consumption, feeding period and mortality level of soybean loopers in laboratory, as well as their control in the field conditions, were evaluated after application of the ChinNPV virus in soybean plants. In the laboratory, were tested six concentrations of isolate Chin-IA (I-A) (1 × 1011, 2 × 1011, 4 × 1011, 6 × 1011, 8 × 1011 and 10 × 1011 PIB ha-1), one dose of methomyl chemical insecticide (172 g ai ha-1) and distilled water (control). The field experiment was carried out in the 2016/2017 season using the same cultivar and laboratory treatments, except for the lowest virus concentration. The population density of small and large larvae was evaluated before and at 5, 8 and 12 days after application (DAA) of the treatments in soybean plants. All concentrations of the isolate Chin-IA (I-A) have reduced the soybean loopers consumption and their feeding period, showing 100% of mortality after 3 – 4 days without differing from treatment with the chemical insecticide. After eight DAA of virus in the field, the population density of small and large larvae was reduced, providing satisfactory levels of control. These results showed the evident potential of ChinNPV in the reduction of defoliation power and maintenance the soybean loopers population under of control level, and thus may be used as complementary method in the integrated management of this pest in soybean crops.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9927242.v1
title: Control of Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) using Chin-IA (I-A) isolate as integrate component of management in soybean crops

description: ABSTRACT Chrysodeixis includens is an important pest of soybean crop who has gained more visibility in the Brazilian Cerrado due to damage caused in this region. Foliar consumption, feeding period and mortality level of soybean loopers in laboratory, as well as their control in the field conditions, were evaluated after application of the ChinNPV virus in soybean plants. In the laboratory, were tested six concentrations of isolate Chin-IA (I-A) (1 × 1011, 2 × 1011, 4 × 1011, 6 × 1011, 8 × 1011 and 10 × 1011 PIB ha-1), one dose of methomyl chemical insecticide (172 g ai ha-1) and distilled water (control). The field experiment was carried out in the 2016/2017 season using the same cultivar and laboratory treatments, except for the lowest virus concentration. The population density of small and large larvae was evaluated before and at 5, 8 and 12 days after application (DAA) of the treatments in soybean plants. All concentrations of the isolate Chin-IA (I-A) have reduced the soybean loopers consumption and their feeding period, showing 100% of mortality after 3 – 4 days without differing from treatment with the chemical insecticide. After eight DAA of virus in the field, the population density of small and large larvae was reduced, providing satisfactory levels of control. These results showed the evident potential of ChinNPV in the reduction of defoliation power and maintenance the soybean loopers population under of control level, and thus may be used as complementary method in the integrated management of this pest in soybean crops.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985706
title: Analysis of the risk factors for bovine brucellosis in dairy herds of the Rio Branco microregion, Acre, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Bovine brucellosis (BB) is a compulsory notifiable bacterial disease caused by Brucella abortus, which is responsible for severe reproductive disorders in cattle, considerable damages to trade and public health damage. The objectives of this study were to identify the frequency of BB and to analyze the risk factors in the dairy herds of the Rio Branco microregion, in the state of Acre, Brazil. Thus, 527-bovine-serological samples were submitted to the buffered acidified antigen test and to 2-mercaptoethanol. Risk factors were characterized by the administration of epidemiological questionnaires. The logistic regression test was used to evaluate the existence of a significant association between the variables. The frequency of BB in the Rio Branco microregion was 10.6% (56/527). The inappropriate destination of the aborted fetus and placental remnants (odds ratio — OR = 13.6), the slaughter of cattle within the property (OR = 3.4) and the age range above 4 years old (OR = 2.9) were the most significant risk factors identified by the logistic regression model. According to the results of this study, it is recommended to intensify BB control and prophylaxis measures in the microregion of Rio Branco, especially those related to sanitary and reproductive management in the livestock breeding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9985706.v1
title: Analysis of the risk factors for bovine brucellosis in dairy herds of the Rio Branco microregion, Acre, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Bovine brucellosis (BB) is a compulsory notifiable bacterial disease caused by Brucella abortus, which is responsible for severe reproductive disorders in cattle, considerable damages to trade and public health damage. The objectives of this study were to identify the frequency of BB and to analyze the risk factors in the dairy herds of the Rio Branco microregion, in the state of Acre, Brazil. Thus, 527-bovine-serological samples were submitted to the buffered acidified antigen test and to 2-mercaptoethanol. Risk factors were characterized by the administration of epidemiological questionnaires. The logistic regression test was used to evaluate the existence of a significant association between the variables. The frequency of BB in the Rio Branco microregion was 10.6% (56/527). The inappropriate destination of the aborted fetus and placental remnants (odds ratio — OR = 13.6), the slaughter of cattle within the property (OR = 3.4) and the age range above 4 years old (OR = 2.9) were the most significant risk factors identified by the logistic regression model. According to the results of this study, it is recommended to intensify BB control and prophylaxis measures in the microregion of Rio Branco, especially those related to sanitary and reproductive management in the livestock breeding.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026506
title: Sanitary and physiological quality of ‘purple’ corn (Zea mays L.) seeds submitted to thermotherapy

description: ABSTRACT: The use of seeds with good sanitary and physiological potential ensures the establishment of the crop, with a uniform, vigorous and disease-free seedling stand, which will result in good productivity levels. Seen that, the objective was to evaluate the sanitary and physiological quality of purple corn seeds (Zea mays L.) submitted to thermotherapy. They were subjected to heat treatment with immersion in sterile distilled water (SDW) heated at 50, 60 and 70 °C for 1, 2, and 3 minutes. The control (0 min) correspondens only to immersing the seeds in SDW, which were submitted to sanitary and germination tests in a completely randomized experimental design, in a factorial arrangement 3 × 3 + 1 (exposure time × temperature + additional control). Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared with the Scott-Knott test up to 5% of probability, with the aid of the statistical program SISVAR®. Immersing Zea mays seeds in hot water at 50, 60 and 70 °C for 1, 2, and 3 minutes is efficient to prevent the increased incidence of Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp. The heat treatment at 60 °C for 1 and 2 minutes of immersion reduces the incidence of fungal mycoflora without impairing the physiological quality of seeds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026506.v1
title: Sanitary and physiological quality of ‘purple’ corn (Zea mays L.) seeds submitted to thermotherapy

description: ABSTRACT: The use of seeds with good sanitary and physiological potential ensures the establishment of the crop, with a uniform, vigorous and disease-free seedling stand, which will result in good productivity levels. Seen that, the objective was to evaluate the sanitary and physiological quality of purple corn seeds (Zea mays L.) submitted to thermotherapy. They were subjected to heat treatment with immersion in sterile distilled water (SDW) heated at 50, 60 and 70 °C for 1, 2, and 3 minutes. The control (0 min) correspondens only to immersing the seeds in SDW, which were submitted to sanitary and germination tests in a completely randomized experimental design, in a factorial arrangement 3 × 3 + 1 (exposure time × temperature + additional control). Data were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were compared with the Scott-Knott test up to 5% of probability, with the aid of the statistical program SISVAR®. Immersing Zea mays seeds in hot water at 50, 60 and 70 °C for 1, 2, and 3 minutes is efficient to prevent the increased incidence of Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., and Fusarium sp. The heat treatment at 60 °C for 1 and 2 minutes of immersion reduces the incidence of fungal mycoflora without impairing the physiological quality of seeds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026470
title: Metacercariae of Austrodiplostomum spp. (Digenea: Diplostomidae) infecting the eyes and brains of fish in Brazilian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to report the occurrence of Austrodiplostomum spp. in the eyes and brain of Acaronia nassa, Caquetaia spectabilis, Satanoperca acuticeps, Curimatella sp. and Crenicichla marmorata in a lake of the Amazon River system in the state of Pará (Brazil). Of 49 fish examined, 10.2% were parasitized by Austrodiplostomum spp. metacercariae, and A. nassa was the host with higher number of metacercariae. In five examined fish species, a total of 51 metacercariae were collected, with 45 found in the eyes and 6 in the cranial vault. In the eyes, the metacercariae were free and active in the vitreous humor, but no opacification was observed. In the brain, the metacercariae were also free and active, and located mainly below the encephalon, on the cranial floor, at the height of the ophthalmic lobes and near the optic nerve. In laboratory observations, however, the infected fish did not exhibit any behavioral disorders, and this may be related to the low level of parasitism. This was the first report of this digenean for C. spectabilis, S. acuticeps, Curimatella sp., C. marmorata and A. nassa.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026470.v1
title: Metacercariae of Austrodiplostomum spp. (Digenea: Diplostomidae) infecting the eyes and brains of fish in Brazilian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to report the occurrence of Austrodiplostomum spp. in the eyes and brain of Acaronia nassa, Caquetaia spectabilis, Satanoperca acuticeps, Curimatella sp. and Crenicichla marmorata in a lake of the Amazon River system in the state of Pará (Brazil). Of 49 fish examined, 10.2% were parasitized by Austrodiplostomum spp. metacercariae, and A. nassa was the host with higher number of metacercariae. In five examined fish species, a total of 51 metacercariae were collected, with 45 found in the eyes and 6 in the cranial vault. In the eyes, the metacercariae were free and active in the vitreous humor, but no opacification was observed. In the brain, the metacercariae were also free and active, and located mainly below the encephalon, on the cranial floor, at the height of the ophthalmic lobes and near the optic nerve. In laboratory observations, however, the infected fish did not exhibit any behavioral disorders, and this may be related to the low level of parasitism. This was the first report of this digenean for C. spectabilis, S. acuticeps, Curimatella sp., C. marmorata and A. nassa.