cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/4b4a2388-fea2-48e8-8d61-4b93ada479bb
title: 210Pb-dated historical lake sediment metal concentrations from Greater Glasgow, Scotland (mid-19th century to 2016)

description: Measurements of sediment properties (including organic and carbonate content), radionuclides (210Pb, 137Cs, 241Am) and elements (including mercury, nickel, copper, zinc, and lead) in lake sediment successions. Radionuclide dating provides a reliable chronology of sediment ages from the mid-19th century (sometimes only 20th century) to the present (2016). The dataset comprises a standardised matrix of multiple measured sediment variables (element values per mass) against stratigraphic depth for 8 lakes. In some water bodies multiple core datasets exist. 
description: Sediment cores were collected by boat and coring equipment in 2016. Cores were subsampled (sliced) on-site and processed on return to laboratory. Multiple samples from separate core depth intervals were measured. Samples of sediment intervals were measured for water content, organic content and carbonate content by heating and combustion (loss-on-ignition). Concentrations of elements were measured on freeze-dried, milled samples of sediment by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy using an Energy dispersive XRF (Bruker Ltd) with standard reference sediments prepared and run with the core samples. 210Pb dating and other radionuclides were measured on subsamples from core intervals by gamma spectroscopy at the UCL Environmental Radiometric Facility. Mercury (total) was measured on subsamples by cold-vapour fluorescence spectroscopy (CV-AFS). Sediment core element concentrations measured by XRF and CV-AFS were measured in machines with laboratory blanks and standard reference sediment samples.
DOI: 10.5285/272a131f-7d57-47b4-a643-c3828722d663
title: Tree, vegetation and soil information from an ecological survey of semi-natural woodlands in the English Lake District, 1969

description: The data contains details about plant species, trees, shrubs and soils, collected using standardized survey methods from within a selection of 48 semi-natural woodlands in the English Lake District.  Nearly 300 plots were surveyed from sites across the north west of England, selected objectively from different woodland group types identified in the Lake District.  The survey was carried out by the Nature Conservancy in 1969.
description: Data were collected on paper field sheets in the summer of 1969 by staff at the Nature Conservancy, Merlewood, Grange-over-Sands, Cumbria.  Data were collected using standardized survey methods from within a selection of 48 semi-natural woodlands in the English Lake District.  Data were digitised between 2004 and 2017, then checked and documented at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Lancaster.  Further supporting information may be downloaded from this record.
DOI: 10.5285/2da56eb1-ff01-48de-ba2a-d3afceefc85f
title: Seedlings growth in a fertilized forest in Central Amazonia (2019 – 2020)

description: Data are presented showing seedling height, diameter at ground height (DGH), total number of leaves, number of leaves with herbivory damage and leaf mortality, from a plot based fertilisation experiment. The experiment was carried out at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP) approximately 100 km north of Manaus. Data were collected bimonthlyfrom February 2019 to January 2020, by the dataset first author. Height measurements were made with a tape measure and DRH measurements were made with digital calipers. Leaf numbers, damage and mortality were made from visual observations. The data were collected to investigate the possible effects of different fertiliser applications on seedling height, totalnumber of leaves, number of leaves with herbivory damage and leaf mortality.The work was carried out as part of the Amazon Fertilization Experiment (AFEX), funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Award reference NE/L007223/1, by the Brazilian government (Researcher scholarship) and the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP - logistical support and camps maintanance).
description: Within each sub-plot, all plant individuals greater than 20 centimetres in height and with diameter at ground height (DGH) greater than 1 centimetre were identified and tagged. Seedling height was measured from ground level to the highest apical yolk with measuring tapes and DGH was measured with digital calipers. Total leaves number and total of leaves with herbivory damage was accounted for each tagged seedling. Data were collected bimonthly, during a period of 12 months, totaling six replications in each sub-plot, four in the rainy season and two in the dry season. Data were recorded on to field sheets. These data were then transferred to an Excel spreadsheet. Data were exported as a comma separated file for ingestion into the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/31d3b90b-ca4d-41db-bf29-c9f7a426a0cc
title: Peat properties from the Flow Country, Scotland, 2020, following wildfire in 2019

description: Location of peat cores and peat properties including moisture, bulk density, ash and organic matter content for short cores (50 cm) collected 10 month post-fire in high, medium and low severity areas within a drained and a near natural area in the footprint of a severe wildfire that impacted >6500 ha of blanket bog and wet heath in the Flow Country of Northern Scotland.
description: The 50 cm cores were collected using a Russian corer and the peat was analysed in sub-sections of 5 cm in the laboratory where they were weighed and dried to derive moisture and bulk density data and ashed to derive organic matter and ash content. 
All the data were quality controlled by two separate individuals and a few values linked to analytical errors were removed from the dataset.
DOI: 10.5285/c7ce1610-aba3-4a09-bf7c-1b6c774d597a
title: Leaf structural traits and allometry of juvenile trees across temperature treatments in an experimental plantation in the Colombian Andes, 2019-2022

description: This dataset details the allometry and leaf trait measurements in three common gardens of fifteen juvenile tree species from the Colombian Andes planted along a thermosequence (14, 22 and 26 deg C) in the Antioquia region of Colombia.

Allometric data includes tree diameter at the base, total tree height and height to the first branch, crown diameters, health status, survival and percentage of herbivory attacks over ten measuring campaigns from February 2019 until January 2022.

Trait data includes leaf area, thickness, dry weight, leaf mass per area total number of branches and leaves per tree. Regarding the common garden plantations the trees were planted in the ground between November 2019 and January 2019 with planting height ranging between 50 and 100 cm (species dependent).
description: Trees were planted in open areas in 0.32 m3 soil pits using 400 kg of soil per tree from soil extracted from a nearby location to the 14 deg C site to maintain soil physical and chemical conditions. All trees were tagged and their diameter at 2 cm height was labelled to ensure all posterior measurements were taken at the same stem position. All trees have been watered since planting during dry periods to allow successful plant establishment and avoid water-limitation effects. At each field site, trees were planted in four 600 m2 plots with six blocks within each plot, codified '1' to '6'.  The sixth block was used as a nutrient fertilisation treatment, with monthly additions of N, P, K and secondary and minor elements. Each block contains one tree of each of the fifteen-study species, for a total of 24 trees of each of the fifteen species per site, with 360 trees planted at each site.

Trees were monitored (allometry and leaf structural traits) since they were 18-24 months old from February 2019 until January 2022. A total of ten measuring campaigns were performed for allometry and five for leaf structural traits. The first allometry census was performed at a mid-elevation nursery where trees were germinating and then growing for 18-24 months.
DOI: 10.5285/dc583be3-3649-4df6-b67e-b0f40b4ec895
title: Spatial masks for calcareous, coastal, upland and lowland heath landscapes in England [Key Habitats 1992-93]

description: This dataset contains existing and potential areas of habitats associated with calcareous, coastal, upland and lowland heath landscapes.   The dataset was initially created to provide a sampling framework for a field survey carried out in 1992 and 1993 by the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (later part of the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology).  It was derived from a range of geology, soils, altitude and land cover data (as described fully in the supporting information).
description: The masks were derived from a range of geology, soils, altitude and land cover data (as described fully in the supporting information).  The work was largely undertaken by staff based at the Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Monks Wood Experimental Station and Merlewood Research Station, and has since been curated at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster.
DOI: 10.5285/0b1faab4-3539-457f-9169-b0b1fbd59bc2
title: Soil biochemical measurements from salt marshes of different ages on the Essex coast, UK (2011)

description: The dataset comprises biochemical measurements of salt marsh soil, and samples from fields on former salt marsh, taken using a soil corer. Sampling was conducted at three restored salt marshes and six accidentally breached sites on the Essex coast, UK, providing a chronosequence from 16 to 114 years since restoration of tidal flow. Natural salt marsh at all sites were also sampled, along with adjacent fields on former salt marsh (where access permitted). All salt marsh sampling took place in October 2011. Field sample sites were sampled between July 2010 and April 2017.

This data was collected as part of the NERC Centre for Ecology & Hydrology's Multi-functional land-use options project (C03463) in order to determine the trajectory and timescale of habitat recovery, and provide empirically-based predictions of changes in the rate of carbon sequestration over time following saltmarsh restoration. Data is also represented for fields on former saltmarsh to give a 'before' time point to be able to calculate these changes.
description: Three soil cores were taken at each sampling location using a soil corer measuring 4 centimetres (cm) in diameter and 30 cm in length. There were four sampling locations per salt marsh site, all taken from permanently vegetated marsh above 1.5 m ordnance datum (OD). The fields on former salt marsh had between 2 and 6 sampling sites situated away from field edges. All data derived from laboratory measurements. For each variable, standards were used and all laboratory equipment were calibrated in accordance with the laboratory practises at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) Bangor. Results were recorded on to lab sheets and transferred into an Excel file. Results were exported as comma separated value files for ingestion into the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/8efcd65a-afd7-4857-a107-9820c732b62a
title: Life history, behavioural and morphometric data for queens and workers from an experiment manipulating costs of reproduction in bumble bee queens (Bombus terrestris)

description: Data on worker behaviour, experimental treatment and sampling, queen longevity, queen and colony fecundity and queen morphometrics collected for an experiment manipulating costs of reproduction in bumble bee queens (Bombus terrestris).
description: The files described in this document contain data collected in Objective 1, Experiment 1 of NERC project NE/R000875/1. We experimentally increased reproduction in Bombus terrestris queens to test whether this would cause them to exhibit a cost to their longevity. We acquired young colonies of B. terrestris and allocated them to two treatments: Removal (R) queens: eggs were removed and counted, therefore inducing queens to increase their fertility and hence experience greater costs of reproduction; and Control (C) queens: eggs were removed, counted, and replaced to control for the disturbance caused by egg removal. We then assessed the queen's longevity in each colony. As egg removal increases worker egg-laying and aggression towards the queen in B. terrestris, we recorded and removed workers displaying these behaviours to ensure they did not affect colony fertility (defined as the number of eggs counted in each colony every two days) and queen longevity. As locomotory activity is affected by ageing in insects, we also monitored queen movement and response to disturbance throughout the experiment. Finally, we collected and sequenced mRNA at timepoints during the experiment that represented 10% (time-point 1, TP1) and 60% (time-point 2, TP2) mortality phases in each treatment.
DOI: 10.5285/3813aef3-71cc-49e6-ba21-495a43363001
title: Soil and gas measurements from Puna grasslands under different land management over one year

description: The dataset contains concentrations of total soil organic carbon, soil carbon fractions, soil CO2 fluxes, soil temperature and moisture in the Peruvian Andes. Measurements and sampling took place between 2010 and 2013. Data were generated as part of a larger NERC project: 'Are tropical uplands regional hotspots for methane and nitrous oxide'
description: Soil CO2 gas measurements were collected bi-weekly for one year, using a CO2 analyser, by Dr Viktoria Oliver and Jose Kala, with the aim of investigating the impacts of grazing and fire history on soil C dynamics in the Peruvian montane grasslands. Soil samples were collected from each site and a soil density fraction method was used to determine soil C fractions at the University of St Andrews, Scotland, by Dr Viktoria Oliver. Additional context of the datesets, including methodology and discussion of the findings can be found in the following peer-reviewed article: Oliver, V., Oliveras, I., Kala, J., Lever, R. & Teh, YA, 2017. The effects of burning and grazing on soil carbon dynamics in managed Peruvian tropical montane grasslands. Biogeosciences. Accepted Sept 2017.
DOI: 10.5285/da5d7028-2aec-4da2-96ff-f347a0dfa77e
title: Invertebrate herbivory data across a natural soil temperature gradient in Iceland from May-July 2017

description: This is a dataset of environmental data, vegetation cover, and community- and species-level invertebrate herbivory, sampled at 14 experimental soil plots in the Hengill geothermal valley, Iceland, from May to July 2017. The plots span a temperature gradient of 5-35 °C on average over the sampling period, yet they occur within 1 km of each other and have similar soil moisture, pH, nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate.
description: Herbivory assessments were made at the plant community and species levels. We focused on three plant species with a widespread occurrence across the temperature gradient: cuckooflower (Cardamine pratensis, Linnaeus), common mouse-ear (Cerastium fontanum, Baumgerten), and marsh violet (Viola palustris, Linnaeus). For assessments of invertebrate herbivory at the species level, thirty individuals per species of C. pratensis, C. fontanum, and V. palustris were marked in each of ten plots, using a stratified random sampling method where individuals were randomly selected, but the full range of within-plot soil temperatures was represented. For assessments of invertebrate herbivory at the community level, five 50 × 50 cm quadrats were marked at random points in eight of the plots that best captured the full temperature gradient. The community-level herbivory assessment was conducted on 19th June. The number of damaged plants was recorded out of 100 random individuals, selected using a 10 × 10 grid within each 50 × 50 cm quadrat. For the species-level herbivory assessment, individual marked plants were surveyed for signs of invertebrate herbivory every two weeks from 30th May to 2nd July, generating three time-points per species. At each survey, all marked individuals for each species were assessed within a 48-hour period. Plants were recorded as damaged or not damaged by invertebrate herbivores at each time-point. Further details of how phenological stage of development, vegetation community composition, soil temperature, moisture, pH, nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate were recorded are provided in the supporting documentation.
DOI: 10.5285/21562c80-96dc-4642-bfcf-285846000ceb
title: Monthly ammonia air concentration from Cuilcagh in Ireland/Northern Ireland, 2020

description: This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements from a set of ALPHA (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) sampler sites in the area surrounding Cuilcagh in Ireland and Northern Ireland in 2020. The purpose of these measurements was to observe the impact of local ammonia levels on vegetation.

Local site operator duties were completed by Ulster Wildlife Trust and analysis is completed by UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh.

The sites around  Cuilcagh were started on 01.2.2020 and measurements are ongoing.
description: The UK CEH ALPHA® sampler is a passive sampler for measuring NH3 in air. The passive sampling system consists of replicate CEH ALPHA® samplers attached to a shelter on a pole or post at about 1.5 m height above ground. Triplicate samplers are used in order to give a more reliable estimation of the air concentration of ammonia. 

Analysis of samplers is performed by extracting exposed samplers into deionised water. This solution water is then analysed by SEAL AA3 to determine the concentration of ammonia. SEAL AA3 utilises a colourimetry response to determine concentration of ammonium. The analysis result for the concentration of ammonium on the sampler is then converted to an average concentration of ammonia in air for the specified exposure period. 

Data processing is done by UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Edinburgh using the AAGA data processing tool.
DOI: 10.5285/ad823866-cded-4778-9bd7-999c821b120e
title: Countryside Survey 1984 estimates of Broad Habitat areas in Great Britain

description: This dataset consists of stock (area) data for Broad Habitats across Great Britain in 1984. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 384 1km squares and scaling up to a national level. The data are summarized as habitat area per Land Class (areas of similar environmental characteristics). The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB and using the 'ITE Land Classification' as a method of stratification. The data were collected as part of Countryside Survey, a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside. The Survey has been carried out at regular intervals since 1978. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. In addition to habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, linear habitat, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.
description: The data were recorded onto paper field sheets in the summer of 1984 by surveyors. Data were recorded from 384 1km squares sited across Britain, selected by random stratified sample. The areas of UK Biodiversity Action Plan (UK BAP) Broad Habitats were digitized in 2000. The digitized data were used to generate national estimates of the stock of Broad Habitats for Great Britain using the standard Countryside Survey methodology (refer to the online documentation). Estimates are presented by ITE Land Class (1998 version). Data are managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster.
DOI: 10.5285/d2e0cf65-010c-4206-8302-195449d0acba
title: Nitrogen oxide and ozone concentrations, pollinator visitation frequencies and yield metrics of Brassica nigra in fumigation rings, Sonning, UK, 2018-2019

description: The dataset contains concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2, collectively NOx) and ozone (O3), frequencies of insect pollinators and flower visits and yield metrics of Brassica nigra plants collected from within eight field-based fumigation rings located at the University of Reading's Sonning Farm, UK.
description: Data were obtained over two summer seasons (2018 and 2019). Analysers located in a field control unit were used to collect real-time NOx and O3 concentrations using an automated switching system. Field-based insect pollinator and flower visitation frequencies were observational. Brassica nigra plants were cut to ground level and measured in the lab to obtain yield and pollination metrics.
DOI: 10.5285/ca8f85c5-0595-4fda-80e5-4f41839effed
title: Earthworm and botanical data from the Sweethope mesocosm experimental site, Sourhope, Scotland, 2001 [NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme]

description: This dataset comprises botanical composition and earthworm species and abundance data, sampled from a mesocosm experiment (named Sweethope) in October 2001.   The mesocosm site replicated the layout of the main experimental plots at the NERC Soil Biodiversity site at Sourhope, Scotland and was established to avoid contaminating the main Sourhope plots.

The NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).
description: Data were collected as part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, which was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (MLURI) (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). Soil samples were collected by students and staff at the experimental site before being processed according to standard protocols, with the data then being transferred to the programme data manager at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.