DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5h2s7
title: Data from: Serum levels of endothelial glycocalyx constituents in women at 20 weeks’ gestation who later develop gestational diabetes mellitus compared to matched controls: a pilot study

description: Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to determine the serum
 concentration of heparan sulfate, hyaluronan, chondroitin sulfate and
 syndecan-1 and if these serum concentrations can be used to identify women
 at 20 weeks' gestation who later develop gestational diabetes
 mellitus (GDM). Design: Nested case–control study from Auckland, New
 Zealand participants in the prospective cohort Screening for Pregnancy
 Endpoints study. Setting: Auckland, New Zealand. Participants: 20 pregnant
 women (70% European, 15% Indian, 10% Asian, 5% Pacific Islander) at
 20 weeks' gestation without any hypertensive complications who
 developed GDM by existing New Zealand criteria defined as a fasting
 glucose ≥5.5 mmol/L and/or 2 hours ≥9.0 mmol/L after a 75 g Oral Glucose
 Tolerance Test. Women not meeting these criteria were excluded from this
 study. The patients with GDM were matched with 20 women who had
 uncomplicated pregnancies and negative screening for GDM and matched for
 ethnicity, maternal age and BMI. Primary and secondary outcome measures:
 The primary measures were the serum concentrations of syndecan-1, heparan
 sulfate, hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate determined by quantitative
 ELISA. There were no secondary outcome measures. Results: Binary logistic
 regression was performed to determine if serum concentrations of
 endothelial glycocalyx layer constituents in women at 20 weeks'
 gestation would be useful in predicting the subsequent diagnosis of GDM.
 The model was not statistically significant χ2=12.5, df=8, p=0.13, which
 indicates that the model was unable to distinguish between pregnant women
 at 20 weeks' gestation who later developed GDM and those who did not.
 Conclusions: Serum concentrations of syndecan-1, heparan sulfate,
 hyaluronan and chondroitin sulfate in pregnant women at 20 weeks'
 gestation were not associated with later development of GDM. To further
 explore whether there is any relationship between endothelial glycocalyx
 constituents and GDM, the next step is to evaluate serum concentrations at
 the time diagnosis of GDM.
description: Serum levels of
 endothelial glycocalyx constituents in women at 20 weeks’ gestation who
 later develop gestational diabetes mellitusSerum concentration of
 Heparan Sulfate, Chondroitin Sulfate, Hyaluronan, and Syndecan-1, along
 with maternal age, BMI, and GDM status of each participant. Study
 Participants, Definition of GDM, and Matching Criteria: We identified 20
 participants without any hypertensive complications from the prospective
 cohort Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study
 (http://www.scopestudy.net/) in Auckland New Zealand who developed GDM by
 existing New Zealand criteria defined as a fasting glucose &gt; 5.5mmol/L
 and/or 2h &gt; 9.0 mmol/L after a 75g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT).
 The GDM subjects were matched with participants who had uncomplicated
 pregnancies and negative screening for GDM (using the definition of GDM
 above) and matched for (a) ethnicity; (b) maternal age (age ± 5 years);
 and, (c) BMI (matched to ± 3 kg/m2). Serum Sample Collection: Venipuncture
 was performed at 20±1 weeks’ gestation in nonfasting participants. Serum
 samples were collected into BD plain serum vacutainer tubes, placed on ice
 and centrifuged at 2400g at 4°C according to a standardized protocol.
 Serum was stored in 250 μl aliquots at -80°C within 4 hours of collection.
 Experimental Methods: To assess shedding of the EGL in the circulation in
 GDM and non-GDM women, we quantified the concentration of the main
 components of the EGL: syndecan-1, heparan sulfate, hyaluronan, and
 chondroitin sulfate, by quantitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
 (ELISA) measurements. For each EGL constituent, its concentration was
 determined using commercially available ELISA kits, as per manufacturer’s
 instructions (Syndecan-1, 950.640.096, Diaclone, Besancon Cedex, France;
 Heparan Sulfate, CSB-E09585h, CusaBio Biotech, Hubei Province, P.R. China;
 Hyaluronan, DHYAL0, R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN USA; Chondroitin
 Sulfate, CSB-E09587h, CusaBio Biotech, Hubei Province, P.R. China). For
 each target, all samples were run in triplicate, while standards were run
 in duplicate; samples were randomly assigned to a triplicate block on the
 ELISA plate. GDM cases and their matched controls were run on the same
 ELISA plate. All laboratory staff performing the ELISA was blinded to GDM
 status and participant matches. Note: an entry of '999' denotes
 missing data ColumnHeadings: Ethnicity: 1 = Asian, 2 = European, 3 = Other
 (including African), 4 Polynesian, 5 = Indian; Maternal Age (years); BMI
 (kg/m^2); GDM Status (1 = GDM, 0 = No GDM); Heparan Sulfate Concentration
 (ng/ml); Chondroitin Sulfate Concentration (ng/ml); Hyaluronan
 Concentration (ng/ml); Syndecan-1 Concentration
 (ng/ml);EGL_GDM_Pilot_Study_2015_01_08.xlsx