cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67128.v1/t7
title: "Table 7" of "Measurements of normalized differential cross-sections for ttbar production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector"

description: Bin-wise full covariance matrices for the normalized differential cross-sections of the PT of the ttbar system. The elements of the covariance matrices are in units of TeV$^{-2}$.
description: CERN-LHC. Measurements of normalized differential cross-sections for top-quark pair production as a function of the top-quark transverse momentum, and of the mass, transverse momentum, and rapidity of the ttbar system, in proton--proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb$^{-1}$, recorded in 2011 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in the lepton+jets channel, requiring exactly one lepton and at least four jets with at least one of the jets tagged as originating from a b-quark. The measured spectra are corrected for detector efficiency and resolution effects and are compared to several Monte Carlo simulations and theory calculations. The results are in fair agreement with the predictions in a wide kinematic range. Nevertheless, data distributions are softer than predicted for higher values of the mass of the $t\bar{t}$ system and of the top-quark transverse momentum. The measurements can also discriminate among different sets of parton distribution functions.
UPDATE (15 JUN 2015): increased the number of significative digits and added full covariance matrices.
The reported values of the normalized differential cross-sections and corresponding covariance matrices are given with a large number of significative digits since the constraints set by the normalization condition need to be accurately fulfilled for a correct evaluation of the chi2. In particular, since the normalization condition lowers by one the rank of the covariance matrix, the chi2 should be calculated removing one measurement and the corresponding row and column of the covariance matrix (see Section XI). The normalization constraints guarantee that the chi2 does not depend on the removed measurement.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67128.v1/t8
title: "Table 8" of "Measurements of normalized differential cross-sections for ttbar production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector"

description: Bin-wise full covariance matrices for the normalized differential cross-sections of the absolute rapidity (|y|) of the ttbar system.
description: CERN-LHC. Measurements of normalized differential cross-sections for top-quark pair production as a function of the top-quark transverse momentum, and of the mass, transverse momentum, and rapidity of the ttbar system, in proton--proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb$^{-1}$, recorded in 2011 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in the lepton+jets channel, requiring exactly one lepton and at least four jets with at least one of the jets tagged as originating from a b-quark. The measured spectra are corrected for detector efficiency and resolution effects and are compared to several Monte Carlo simulations and theory calculations. The results are in fair agreement with the predictions in a wide kinematic range. Nevertheless, data distributions are softer than predicted for higher values of the mass of the $t\bar{t}$ system and of the top-quark transverse momentum. The measurements can also discriminate among different sets of parton distribution functions.
UPDATE (15 JUN 2015): increased the number of significative digits and added full covariance matrices.
The reported values of the normalized differential cross-sections and corresponding covariance matrices are given with a large number of significative digits since the constraints set by the normalization condition need to be accurately fulfilled for a correct evaluation of the chi2. In particular, since the normalization condition lowers by one the rank of the covariance matrix, the chi2 should be calculated removing one measurement and the corresponding row and column of the covariance matrix (see Section XI). The normalization constraints guarantee that the chi2 does not depend on the removed measurement.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67150.v1/t1
title: "Table 1" of "Measurement of the cross section ratio sigma(t t-bar b b-bar) / sigma(t t-bar jj) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV"

description: The number of events for each physics process and for each dilepton category after fitting to the data, their total, and the observed total number of events. The results are after the final event selection. The $Z/\gamma^* \to \ell\ell$ uncertainty is from data, while all other uncertainties include only the statistical uncertainties in the MC samples.
description: CERN-LHC. The first measurement of the cross section ratio $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ / $t\bar{t}jj$ is presented using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns collected in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with two leptons ($e$ or $\mu$) and four reconstructed jets, including two identified as b quark jets, in the final state are selected. The ratio is determined for a minimum jet transverse momentum pt of both 20 and 40 GeV. The measured ratio is 0.022 $\pm$ 0.003 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.005 (syst.) for $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 20 GeV. The absolute cross sections $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ and $t\bar{t}jj$ are also measured. The measured ratio for $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 40 GeV is compatible with a theoretical quantum chromodynamics calculation at next-to-leading order.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67150.v1/t2
title: "Table 2" of "Measurement of the cross section ratio sigma(t t-bar b b-bar) / sigma(t t-bar jj) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV"

description: Summary of the systematic uncertainties from various sources contributing to $\sigma_{t\bar{t}b\bar{b}}$, $\sigma_{t\bar{t}jj}$, and the ratio $\sigma_{t\bar{t}b\bar{b}/t\bar{t}jj}$ for a jet pt threshold of $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 20 GeV in the visible phase space.
description: CERN-LHC. The first measurement of the cross section ratio $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ / $t\bar{t}jj$ is presented using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns collected in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with two leptons ($e$ or $\mu$) and four reconstructed jets, including two identified as b quark jets, in the final state are selected. The ratio is determined for a minimum jet transverse momentum pt of both 20 and 40 GeV. The measured ratio is 0.022 $\pm$ 0.003 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.005 (syst.) for $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 20 GeV. The absolute cross sections $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ and $t\bar{t}jj$ are also measured. The measured ratio for $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 40 GeV is compatible with a theoretical quantum chromodynamics calculation at next-to-leading order.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67150.v1/t3
title: "Table 3" of "Measurement of the cross section ratio sigma(t t-bar b b-bar) / sigma(t t-bar jj) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV"

description: The measured cross sections $\sigma_{t\bar{t}b\bar{b}}$ and $\sigma_{t\bar{t}jj}$ and their ratio are given for the visible phase space (PS) defined as two leptons with $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 20 GeV and $|\eta|$ &lt; 2.4 plus four jets, including two b jets with $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 20 GeV and $|\eta|$ &lt; 2.5, and the full phase space, corrected for acceptance and branching fractions. The full phase-space results are given for jet thresholds of $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 20 and 40 GeV. The predictions of a NLO theoretical calculation for the full phase space and $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 40 GeV are also given.
description: CERN-LHC. The first measurement of the cross section ratio $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ / $t\bar{t}jj$ is presented using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns collected in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with two leptons ($e$ or $\mu$) and four reconstructed jets, including two identified as b quark jets, in the final state are selected. The ratio is determined for a minimum jet transverse momentum pt of both 20 and 40 GeV. The measured ratio is 0.022 $\pm$ 0.003 (stat.) $\pm$ 0.005 (syst.) for $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 20 GeV. The absolute cross sections $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ and $t\bar{t}jj$ are also measured. The measured ratio for $p_{\rm T}$ &gt; 40 GeV is compatible with a theoretical quantum chromodynamics calculation at next-to-leading order.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17524339
title: uncoverapp_annotation_data

description: Variant annotation databases for the identification of genomic coordinates (chromosome, start, end, REF, ALT), identifiers (dbSNP), gene information (GENENAME, PROTEIN_ensembl), pathogenicity predictors (MutationAssessor, SIFT, Polyphen2, M-CAP, CADD), population frequencies (gnomAD), clinical significance (ClinVar, OMIM, MedGen), and HGVS nomenclature.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17524340
title: uncoverapp_annotation_data

description: Variant annotation databases for the identification of genomic coordinates (chromosome, start, end, REF, ALT), identifiers (dbSNP), gene information (GENENAME, PROTEIN_ensembl), pathogenicity predictors (MutationAssessor, SIFT, Polyphen2, M-CAP, CADD), population frequencies (gnomAD), clinical significance (ClinVar, OMIM, MedGen), and HGVS nomenclature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30531023
title: <b>Evolutionary time but not speciation rates explain the latitudinal diversity gradient in sharks and rays</b>

description: Unraveling the mechanisms behind the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) remains a key challenge in ecology and evolution, yet it has been little explored in highly threatened rays and sharks. Using structural equation models and a time-calibrated phylogeny of elasmobranchs, we investigated the direct effects of current and past environmental conditions on their species richness, as well as the indirect effects mediated through evolutionary time and recent speciation rates. We complemented these analyses with macroevolutionary models, with a particular emphasis on the two main orders of rays. Speciation rates showed an inverse latitudinal gradient in Rajiformes, consistent with patterns in ray-finned fishes, whereas Myliobatiformes and sharks showed no such trend. Consequently, the link between recent speciation rates and species richness was weak, except in coastal Rajiformes, where climatically unstable high-latitude regions acted as cradles of diversity due to frequent turnover caused by limited recolonization after extinction events. Overall, evolutionary time, colonization history and past climatic stability emerged as the main drivers of the LDG in elasmobranchs, together with thermal constraints. This highlights the importance, for future studies predicting the impacts of climate change on elasmobranchs, of considering not only current temperature conditions but also the contrasting evolutionary histories among them.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30531023.v2
title: <b>Evolutionary time but not speciation rates explain the latitudinal diversity gradient in sharks and rays</b>

description: Unraveling the mechanisms behind the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) remains a key challenge in ecology and evolution, yet it has been little explored in highly threatened rays and sharks. Using structural equation models and a time-calibrated phylogeny of elasmobranchs, we investigated the direct effects of current and past environmental conditions on their species richness, as well as the indirect effects mediated through evolutionary time and recent speciation rates. We complemented these analyses with macroevolutionary models, with a particular emphasis on the two main orders of rays. Speciation rates showed an inverse latitudinal gradient in Rajiformes, consistent with patterns in ray-finned fishes, whereas Myliobatiformes and sharks showed no such trend. Consequently, the link between recent speciation rates and species richness was weak, except in coastal Rajiformes, where climatically unstable high-latitude regions acted as cradles of diversity due to frequent turnover caused by limited recolonization after extinction events. Overall, evolutionary time, colonization history and past climatic stability emerged as the main drivers of the LDG in elasmobranchs, together with thermal constraints. This highlights the importance, for future studies predicting the impacts of climate change on elasmobranchs, of considering not only current temperature conditions but also the contrasting evolutionary histories among them.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30531023.v1
title: <b>Evolutionary time but not speciation rates explain the latitudinal diversity gradient in sharks and rays</b>

description: Unraveling the mechanisms behind the latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) remains a key challenge in ecology and evolution, yet it has been little explored in highly threatened rays and sharks. Using structural equation models and a time-calibrated phylogeny of elasmobranchs, we investigated the direct effects of current and past environmental conditions on their species richness, as well as the indirect effects mediated through evolutionary time and recent speciation rates. We complemented these analyses with macroevolutionary models, with a particular emphasis on the two main orders of rays. Speciation rates showed an inverse latitudinal gradient in Rajiformes, consistent with patterns in ray-finned fishes, whereas Myliobatiformes and sharks showed no such trend. Consequently, the link between recent speciation rates and species richness was weak, except in coastal Rajiformes, where climatically unstable high-latitude regions acted as cradles of diversity due to frequent turnover caused by limited recolonization after extinction events. Overall, evolutionary time, colonization history and past climatic stability emerged as the main drivers of the LDG in elasmobranchs, together with thermal constraints. This highlights the importance, for future studies predicting the impacts of climate change on elasmobranchs, of considering not only current temperature conditions but also the contrasting evolutionary histories among them.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67317.v1/t1
title: "Table 1" of "Measurement of the pp to ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in four-lepton final states at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV"

description: The total ZZ production cross section (P P --&gt; Z0 Z0 X, 60GeV &lt; mll &lt; 120GeV) as measured in each decay channel and for the combination of all channels. The first systematic uncertainty is detector systematics, second is theoretical systematics and the third is luminosity systematic uncertainty.
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of inclusive ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV are presented. A data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns was collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes ZZ to lll'l', where l = e, mu and l' = e, mu, tau. The measured total cross section, sigma(pp to ZZ) = 7.7 +/- 0.5 (stat.) +0.5-0.4 (syst.) +/- 0.4 (theo.) +/- 0.2 (lum.) pb for both Z bosons produced in the mass range 60 &lt; m[Z] &lt; 120 GeV, is consistent with standard model predictions. Differential cross sections are measured and well described by the theoretical predictions. The invariant mass distribution of the four-lepton system is used to set limits on anomalous ZZZ and ZZ gamma couplings at the 95% confidence level: -0.004 &lt; f[4,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.004 &lt; f[5,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.005 &lt; f[4,gamma] &lt; 0.005, and -0.005 &lt; f[5,gamma] &lt; 0.005
The 4l channel fiducial region is defined as:
- 4e, 4mu or 2e2mu
- Ambiguities in pairing are resolved by choosing the combination that results in the smallest value of the |mll - mZ|, where mll is the mass of the dilepton system.
- ptMuon &gt; 5 GeV 
- ptElectron &gt; 7 GeV 
- at least one lepton pt &gt; 20 GeV and another one with pt &gt; 10 GeV
- |etaMuon| &lt; 2.4
- |etaElectron| &lt; 2.5
- Both lepton pairs from Z are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.
- any same flavour opposite sign combination should have mass &gt; 4 GeV

The total phase space is defined as:
- Both lepton pairs are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67317.v1/t2
title: "Table 2" of "Measurement of the pp to ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in four-lepton final states at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV"

description: Differential cross sections normalized to the fiducial cross section for the combined 4e, 4mu and 2e2mu decay channels as a function of pT for the highest pT lepton in the event.
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of inclusive ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV are presented. A data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns was collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes ZZ to lll'l', where l = e, mu and l' = e, mu, tau. The measured total cross section, sigma(pp to ZZ) = 7.7 +/- 0.5 (stat.) +0.5-0.4 (syst.) +/- 0.4 (theo.) +/- 0.2 (lum.) pb for both Z bosons produced in the mass range 60 &lt; m[Z] &lt; 120 GeV, is consistent with standard model predictions. Differential cross sections are measured and well described by the theoretical predictions. The invariant mass distribution of the four-lepton system is used to set limits on anomalous ZZZ and ZZ gamma couplings at the 95% confidence level: -0.004 &lt; f[4,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.004 &lt; f[5,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.005 &lt; f[4,gamma] &lt; 0.005, and -0.005 &lt; f[5,gamma] &lt; 0.005
The 4l channel fiducial region is defined as:
- 4e, 4mu or 2e2mu
- Ambiguities in pairing are resolved by choosing the combination that results in the smallest value of the |mll - mZ|, where mll is the mass of the dilepton system.
- ptMuon &gt; 5 GeV 
- ptElectron &gt; 7 GeV 
- at least one lepton pt &gt; 20 GeV and another one with pt &gt; 10 GeV
- |etaMuon| &lt; 2.4
- |etaElectron| &lt; 2.5
- Both lepton pairs from Z are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.
- any same flavour opposite sign combination should have mass &gt; 4 GeV

The total phase space is defined as:
- Both lepton pairs are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67317.v1/t3
title: "Table 3" of "Measurement of the pp to ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in four-lepton final states at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV"

description: Differential cross sections normalized to the fiducial cross section for the combined 4e, 4mu and 2e2mu decay channels as a function of pT for the Z1, where Z1 is defined as highest pT Z candidate.
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of inclusive ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV are presented. A data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns was collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes ZZ to lll'l', where l = e, mu and l' = e, mu, tau. The measured total cross section, sigma(pp to ZZ) = 7.7 +/- 0.5 (stat.) +0.5-0.4 (syst.) +/- 0.4 (theo.) +/- 0.2 (lum.) pb for both Z bosons produced in the mass range 60 &lt; m[Z] &lt; 120 GeV, is consistent with standard model predictions. Differential cross sections are measured and well described by the theoretical predictions. The invariant mass distribution of the four-lepton system is used to set limits on anomalous ZZZ and ZZ gamma couplings at the 95% confidence level: -0.004 &lt; f[4,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.004 &lt; f[5,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.005 &lt; f[4,gamma] &lt; 0.005, and -0.005 &lt; f[5,gamma] &lt; 0.005
The 4l channel fiducial region is defined as:
- 4e, 4mu or 2e2mu
- Ambiguities in pairing are resolved by choosing the combination that results in the smallest value of the |mll - mZ|, where mll is the mass of the dilepton system.
- ptMuon &gt; 5 GeV 
- ptElectron &gt; 7 GeV 
- at least one lepton pt &gt; 20 GeV and another one with pt &gt; 10 GeV
- |etaMuon| &lt; 2.4
- |etaElectron| &lt; 2.5
- Both lepton pairs from Z are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.
- any same flavour opposite sign combination should have mass &gt; 4 GeV

The total phase space is defined as:
- Both lepton pairs are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.67317.v1/t4
title: "Table 4" of "Measurement of the pp to ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in four-lepton final states at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV"

description: Differential cross sections normalized to the fiducial cross section for the combined 4e, 4mu and 2e2mu decay channels as a function of pT for the ZZ system.
description: CERN-LHC. A measurement of inclusive ZZ production cross section and constraints on anomalous triple gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV are presented. A data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 inverse femtobarns was collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurements are performed in the leptonic decay modes ZZ to lll'l', where l = e, mu and l' = e, mu, tau. The measured total cross section, sigma(pp to ZZ) = 7.7 +/- 0.5 (stat.) +0.5-0.4 (syst.) +/- 0.4 (theo.) +/- 0.2 (lum.) pb for both Z bosons produced in the mass range 60 &lt; m[Z] &lt; 120 GeV, is consistent with standard model predictions. Differential cross sections are measured and well described by the theoretical predictions. The invariant mass distribution of the four-lepton system is used to set limits on anomalous ZZZ and ZZ gamma couplings at the 95% confidence level: -0.004 &lt; f[4,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.004 &lt; f[5,Z] &lt; 0.004, -0.005 &lt; f[4,gamma] &lt; 0.005, and -0.005 &lt; f[5,gamma] &lt; 0.005
The 4l channel fiducial region is defined as:
- 4e, 4mu or 2e2mu
- Ambiguities in pairing are resolved by choosing the combination that results in the smallest value of the |mll - mZ|, where mll is the mass of the dilepton system.
- ptMuon &gt; 5 GeV 
- ptElectron &gt; 7 GeV 
- at least one lepton pt &gt; 20 GeV and another one with pt &gt; 10 GeV
- |etaMuon| &lt; 2.4
- |etaElectron| &lt; 2.5
- Both lepton pairs from Z are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.
- any same flavour opposite sign combination should have mass &gt; 4 GeV

The total phase space is defined as:
- Both lepton pairs are required to have invariant mass between 60 and 120 GeV.