cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12210542.v1
title: Variability in phytoplankton community structure and influence on stabilization pond functioning

description: Abstract Density of phytoplankton in stabilization ponds influences treatment performance. The study hypothesized that the phytoplankton community structure varies according to local and temporal changes and consequently influences the treatment of the effluent. Phytoplankton community structure in facultative and maturation ponds in central Brazil was analyzed to provide guidance on system operation and maintenance. Further, species density, abundance, diversity, richness, dominance and beta diversity were measured. The efficiency of the treatment was evaluated based on Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Additionally, a Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was used to investigate how physical and chemical variables influenced the composition of the most abundant species in the dry and rainy seasons and the microalgae that were most related to the removal of BOD. One hundred and sixty-eight taxa were recorded, and the most abundant classes in both ponds were Chlorophyceae and Cyanophyceae (40% potentially toxic). The maturation pond had greater adaptability in the rainy season, while the facultative pond was more flexible in the dry season. The best period of growth varied among species. In both ponds, Chlorella minutissima was the one which most contributed to the optimization of the treatment. Thus, identifying phytoplankton species and relating them to water quality parameters and weather can help to understand the ecological dynamics of wastewater treatment and provide useful information for the operation and maintenance of stabilization ponds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508468
title: Real-time updating of HEC-RAS model for streamflow forecasting using an optimization algorithm

description: ABSTRACT Real-time updating of channel flow routing models is essential for error reduction in hydrological forecasting. Recent updating techniques found in scientific literature, although very promising, are complex and often applied in models that demand much time and expert knowledge for their development, posing challenges for using in an operational context. Since powerful and well-known computational tools are currently available, which provide easy-to-use and less time-consuming platforms for preparation of hydrodynamic models, it becomes interesting to develop updating techniques adaptable to such tools, taking full advantage of previously calibrated models as well as the experience of the users. In this work, we present a real-time updating procedure for streamflow forecasting in HEC-RAS model, using the Shuffled Complex Evolution - University of Arizona (SCE-UA) optimization algorithm. The procedure consists in a simultaneous correction of boundary conditions and model parameters through: (i) generation of a lateral inflow, based on Soil Conservation Service (SCS) dimensionless unit hydrograph and; (ii) estimation of Manning roughness in the river channel. The algorithm works in an optimization window in order to minimize an objective function, given by the weighted sum of squared errors between simulated and observed flows where differences in later intervals (start of forecast) are more penalized. As a case study, the procedure was applied in a river reach between Salto Caxias dam and Hotel Cataratas stream gauge, located in the Lower Iguazu Basin. Results showed that, with a small population of candidate solutions in the optimization algorithm, it is possible to efficiently improve the model performance for streamflow forecasting and reduce negative effects caused by lag errors in simulation. An advantage of the developed procedure is the reduction of both excessive handling of external files and manual adjustments of HEC-RAS model, which is important when operational decisions must be taken in relatively short times.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508468.v1
title: Real-time updating of HEC-RAS model for streamflow forecasting using an optimization algorithm

description: ABSTRACT Real-time updating of channel flow routing models is essential for error reduction in hydrological forecasting. Recent updating techniques found in scientific literature, although very promising, are complex and often applied in models that demand much time and expert knowledge for their development, posing challenges for using in an operational context. Since powerful and well-known computational tools are currently available, which provide easy-to-use and less time-consuming platforms for preparation of hydrodynamic models, it becomes interesting to develop updating techniques adaptable to such tools, taking full advantage of previously calibrated models as well as the experience of the users. In this work, we present a real-time updating procedure for streamflow forecasting in HEC-RAS model, using the Shuffled Complex Evolution - University of Arizona (SCE-UA) optimization algorithm. The procedure consists in a simultaneous correction of boundary conditions and model parameters through: (i) generation of a lateral inflow, based on Soil Conservation Service (SCS) dimensionless unit hydrograph and; (ii) estimation of Manning roughness in the river channel. The algorithm works in an optimization window in order to minimize an objective function, given by the weighted sum of squared errors between simulated and observed flows where differences in later intervals (start of forecast) are more penalized. As a case study, the procedure was applied in a river reach between Salto Caxias dam and Hotel Cataratas stream gauge, located in the Lower Iguazu Basin. Results showed that, with a small population of candidate solutions in the optimization algorithm, it is possible to efficiently improve the model performance for streamflow forecasting and reduce negative effects caused by lag errors in simulation. An advantage of the developed procedure is the reduction of both excessive handling of external files and manual adjustments of HEC-RAS model, which is important when operational decisions must be taken in relatively short times.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4546674
title: Detection of H3K4me3 identifies neuroHIV signatures, genomic effects of Methamphetamine and addiction pathways in postmortem HIV+ brain specimens that are not amenable to transcriptome analysis

description: Human postmortem specimens are extremely valuable resources for investigating translational hypotheses. Tissue repositories collect clinically assessed specimens from people with and without HIV, including age, viral load, treatments, substance use patterns and cognitive functions. One challenge is the limited number of specimens suitable for transcriptional studies, mainly due to poor RNA quality resulting from long postmortem intervals. We hypothesized that epigenomic signatures would be more stable than RNA for assessing global changes associated with outcomes of interest. We found that H3K27Ac or RNA Polymerase (Pol) were not consistently detected by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), while the enhancer H3K4me3 histone modification was abundant and stable up to the 72hr postmortem. We tested our ability to use HeK4me3 in human prefrontal cortex from HIV+ individuals meeting criteria for methamphetamine use disorder or not (Meth +/-) which exhibited poor RNA quality and were not suitable for transcriptional profiling. Systems strategies that are typically used in transcriptional metadata were applied to H3K4me3 peaks revealing consistent genomic activity differences in regions where addiction and neuronal synapses pathway genes are represented, including genes of the dopaminergic system, as well as inflammatory pathways. The resulting comparisons mirrored previously observed effects of Meth on suppressing gene expression and provided insights on neurological processes affected by Meth. The results suggested that H3K4me3 detection in chromatin may reflect transcriptional patterns, thus providing opportunities for analysis of larger numbers of specimens from cases with substance use and neurological deficits. In conclusion, the detection of H3K4me3 in isolated chromatin can be an alternative to transcriptome strategies to increase the power of association using specimens with long postmortem intervals and low RNA quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14272970.v1
title: Multi-Objective Cooperative Paths Planning for Multiple Parafoils System Using a Genetic Algorithm

description: ABSTRACT In large-scale natural disasters and military supplies, multiple parafoils are more capable of performing actual tasks. The cooperative paths planning for multiple parafoils with different initial positions and headings is an important step in multiple parafoils airdrop, which has to satisfy multiple objectives, namely, parafoils can’t collide with each other, parafoils should rendezvous at same target area, most of parafoils need to keep alignment against wind, and planned paths should be in the range of maneuver performance constraints to ensure that every parafoil’s path is flyable. Due to more factors need to be considered, it is more difficult to plan paths for multiple parafoils than single parafoil. In this paper an improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the multi-objective cooperative paths planning problem of multiple parafoils system. Parafoils’ paths are encoded by real matrix, and the cooperative relationship between parafoils is realized by paths fitness function. The random single point crossover and Gaussian mutation are introduced to accelerate algorithm convergence rate. Finally, a simulation example is given, simulation results show that proposed method can plan feasible paths for all parafoils, meanwhile, it satisfies the requirements of anti-collision, rendezvous to target point, and keep alignment against the wind.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7186730
title: Patient’s rights to advance directives

description: Abstract This research identified the knowledge that 55 patients with terminal diseases had about their diagnosis, prognosis, and the option to register their end-of-life will in advanced directives. Among the studied subjects, only one had already registered their advance directives; three of them expressed their interest in registering them after dialogue with the researcher. All the others subjects stated that they did not have the opportunity to discuss the matter. Decisions regarding patients’ end of life invariably make evident the lack of clarifying dialogue between doctor and patient. The study data suggest that advance directives, although constituting an instrument for the respect for the autonomy of will of patients with terminal diseases, are far from being effective in practice, which leads to the need to improve the communication between doctors and patients regarding the process of reaching the end of life.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12210548
title: Retrieval and mapping of chlorophyll-a concentration from Sentinel-2 images in an urban river in the semiarid region of Brazil

description: Abstract Recently, the Poti river mouth region has experienced environmental impacts that resulted in a change of landscape in its dry season, highlighting the eutrophication and proliferation of phytoplankton, algae, cyanobacteria and aquatic plants. Considering the aspects related to water-quality monitoring in the semiarid region of Brazil from remote sensing, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of Sentinel-2A satellite data in the retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentration in Poti River in Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. The chlorophyll-a concentration retrieval and mapping methodology involved the study of the water surface reflectance in Sentinel-2A images and their correlation with the chlorophyll-a data collected in situ during the years 2016 and 2017. The results generated by the Chl-1, Ha et al. (2017), Chl-2, Page et al. (2018), and Chl-3, Kuhn et al. (2019) equations show the need for calibrating the algorithms used for the Poti River water components. However, the empirical algorithm Chl-2 shows a correlation has been established to identify the spatiotemporal variation of chlorophyll-a concentration along the Poti River broadly and not punctually. The spatial distribution of this pigment in maps derived from Sentinel-2A is consistent with the pattern of occurrence determined by the in situ data. Therefore, the MSI sensor proved to be a tool suitable for the retrieval and monitoring of chlorophyll-a concentration along the Poti River.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12210548.v1
title: Retrieval and mapping of chlorophyll-a concentration from Sentinel-2 images in an urban river in the semiarid region of Brazil

description: Abstract Recently, the Poti river mouth region has experienced environmental impacts that resulted in a change of landscape in its dry season, highlighting the eutrophication and proliferation of phytoplankton, algae, cyanobacteria and aquatic plants. Considering the aspects related to water-quality monitoring in the semiarid region of Brazil from remote sensing, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of Sentinel-2A satellite data in the retrieval of chlorophyll-a concentration in Poti River in Teresina, Piaui, Brazil. The chlorophyll-a concentration retrieval and mapping methodology involved the study of the water surface reflectance in Sentinel-2A images and their correlation with the chlorophyll-a data collected in situ during the years 2016 and 2017. The results generated by the Chl-1, Ha et al. (2017), Chl-2, Page et al. (2018), and Chl-3, Kuhn et al. (2019) equations show the need for calibrating the algorithms used for the Poti River water components. However, the empirical algorithm Chl-2 shows a correlation has been established to identify the spatiotemporal variation of chlorophyll-a concentration along the Poti River broadly and not punctually. The spatial distribution of this pigment in maps derived from Sentinel-2A is consistent with the pattern of occurrence determined by the in situ data. Therefore, the MSI sensor proved to be a tool suitable for the retrieval and monitoring of chlorophyll-a concentration along the Poti River.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7186730.v1
title: Patient’s rights to advance directives

description: Abstract This research identified the knowledge that 55 patients with terminal diseases had about their diagnosis, prognosis, and the option to register their end-of-life will in advanced directives. Among the studied subjects, only one had already registered their advance directives; three of them expressed their interest in registering them after dialogue with the researcher. All the others subjects stated that they did not have the opportunity to discuss the matter. Decisions regarding patients’ end of life invariably make evident the lack of clarifying dialogue between doctor and patient. The study data suggest that advance directives, although constituting an instrument for the respect for the autonomy of will of patients with terminal diseases, are far from being effective in practice, which leads to the need to improve the communication between doctors and patients regarding the process of reaching the end of life.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7517555
title: Urban centralities and public transportation systems in Goiânia, Goiás state, Brazil

description: Abstract The organization of urban spatial structure, based on its set of center and subcenters, has proved to be essential to support the planning processes of territory and transport system, and identifying these centralities is a fundamental stage. Based on a scientific issue involving the need to identify the spatial structure of cities, the main objective of this study is to identify the centralities of the municipality of Goiania as well as to highlight the characteristics and relationships between the centralities identified and the public transport system in this capital city. As a procedure, it applies a methodology to identify subcenters that uses the Delphi method, based on experts, and spatial analysis. The identification of subcenters allows a joint analysis of the urban spatial structure and the planned and operating transportation systems, revealing important guidelines for urban, transportation and mobility planning processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14271953.v1
title: Perceptions about the teaching of ethics in medicine: a qualitative study

description: Abstract This study sought to identify the perceptions of medical students regarding the teaching of ethics in undergraduate courses. It is a qualitative approach research which interviewed 24 public university students. Thematic categorical analysis was carried out, preserving the anonymity of the information by the use of alphanumeric codes. Two categories of analysis were highlighted. The first describes perceptions regarding ethics teaching, showing that it is necessary to reflect on the complexity of the teaching-learning process. There are perceptions of devalued education, dissociated from the practice and highlighting the need for the qualification of educators. The second category presents suggestions for the teaching of ethics, among them, to deepen and demand the humanities content throughout the course. To qualify the teaching of ethics, it is necessary to provide interactive and participative moments, between educators and students, that favor the knowledge and comprehensiveness of the problems identified. Thus, the teaching-learning process leads to the improvement of the individual, by contributing to improve the ethical dimension required for health professionals.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7517555.v1
title: Urban centralities and public transportation systems in Goiânia, Goiás state, Brazil

description: Abstract The organization of urban spatial structure, based on its set of center and subcenters, has proved to be essential to support the planning processes of territory and transport system, and identifying these centralities is a fundamental stage. Based on a scientific issue involving the need to identify the spatial structure of cities, the main objective of this study is to identify the centralities of the municipality of Goiania as well as to highlight the characteristics and relationships between the centralities identified and the public transport system in this capital city. As a procedure, it applies a methodology to identify subcenters that uses the Delphi method, based on experts, and spatial analysis. The identification of subcenters allows a joint analysis of the urban spatial structure and the planned and operating transportation systems, revealing important guidelines for urban, transportation and mobility planning processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7677314
title: Wind Tunnel Investigation of the Wind Patterns in the Launching Pad Area of the Brazilian Alcântara Launch Center

description: ABSTRACT This paper presents a wind tunnel study of the flow patterns in the main Brazilian Space Port, the Alcântara Launch Center (ALC), located in the Northwest region, over an irregular coastal cliff of 40 m height. In the ALC region, constant winds of strong incidence are very common, which can change the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer and affect safety conditions during launching operations. This study was conducted using a scaled model of the Launching Pad Area (LPA) in ALC complex with the purpose of getting insights about the wind flow patterns, as zones of strong vorticity, in that region when the wind incidence angle and coastal cliff characteristics change. The experiments were carried out in an aerodynamic wind tunnel, and for this reason it was necessary to use some techniques described in the literature to simulate an atmospheric boundary layer in a short test section wind tunnel. Hot-wire anemometer measurements were carried out for turbulence level evaluation with empty wind tunnel test section, and a two-dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used for flow field velocity measurements in different configurations of wind incidence angle (α), Reynolds number and coastal cliff slope angle (β).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12210563
title: Presence of pesticides, mercury and trihalomethanes in the water supply systems of Ibagué, Colombia: threats to human health

description: Abstract Chemical contamination of the water supply system caused by anthropic activities can cause adverse health effects. This study determined the presence of toxic metals, organic substances, pesticides and trihalomethanes in the water supply systems of the urban area of Ibague City. The economic and sanitary activities located in the 25 surface streams of the 32 water supply systems of the municipality were characterized. A total of 25 water samples were taken from the surface streams, and 35 samples in the water network of each drinking water service provider for the identification of pesticides (carbamates, organochlorines, organophosphorus), mercury, arsenic, cyanide, lead, cadmium, antimony, cobalt, selenium, silver, nickel and hydrocarbons. The presence of trihalomethanes was sampled after the treatment process given. A total of 775 economic and sanitary activities were detected in the surface streams of the water supply systems, highlighting the human settlements, agricultural and tourist activities impact on the water sources. Organochlorine pesticides (0.009-0.109 mg/L), mercury (0.001-0.004 mg/L) were identified in the water supply system in concentrations higher than those permitted by local regulation. Concentrations of trihalomethanes (0.064-1.260 mg/L) were detected in 68.7% of the water supply systems with treatment. The presence of chemical contaminants occurs mainly in communities with water supply systems of low complexity with high anthropic affectation. It is necessary to strengthen the assessment of hazards and risk by health surveillance, as well as intersectoral intervention for the protection of water sources and the improvement of water treatment technologies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14271953
title: Perceptions about the teaching of ethics in medicine: a qualitative study

description: Abstract This study sought to identify the perceptions of medical students regarding the teaching of ethics in undergraduate courses. It is a qualitative approach research which interviewed 24 public university students. Thematic categorical analysis was carried out, preserving the anonymity of the information by the use of alphanumeric codes. Two categories of analysis were highlighted. The first describes perceptions regarding ethics teaching, showing that it is necessary to reflect on the complexity of the teaching-learning process. There are perceptions of devalued education, dissociated from the practice and highlighting the need for the qualification of educators. The second category presents suggestions for the teaching of ethics, among them, to deepen and demand the humanities content throughout the course. To qualify the teaching of ethics, it is necessary to provide interactive and participative moments, between educators and students, that favor the knowledge and comprehensiveness of the problems identified. Thus, the teaching-learning process leads to the improvement of the individual, by contributing to improve the ethical dimension required for health professionals.