cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11843205
title: Effectiveness of Sex Education Interventions in Adolescents: An Overview

description: The objective of this overview was to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of sex education interventions aimed at reducing sexual risk behaviors in adolescents. A search was conducted of systematic reviews in English, Spanish and Portuguese from 1946 until July 2018 in the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, Scopus, PsyArticles, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, LILACS and additional resources. The extraction and analysis of data was synthesized in a narrative mode describing intervention, population, and key outcomes such as decreased risky sexual behavior, decreases in sexually transmitted infections, and adolescent pregnancy. There were 2289 potentially relevant studies, of which 31 systematic reviews related to adolescent interventions were included. It was demonstrated that interventions involve parents and the community as participants, are based on audiovisual media and school workshops, and their emphasis is on information and training in school. Different reviews framed in methods of psychosocial intervention based on community groups and the home as a fundamental axis were reported. Finally, a large amount of scientific evidence related to the subject was identified. New directions are presented for interventions in sexual education for adolescents based on the combination of actions and techniques, the implementation of digital technology, and socio-cultural and contextual adaptations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11843205.v1
title: Effectiveness of Sex Education Interventions in Adolescents: An Overview

description: The objective of this overview was to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of sex education interventions aimed at reducing sexual risk behaviors in adolescents. A search was conducted of systematic reviews in English, Spanish and Portuguese from 1946 until July 2018 in the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, Scopus, PsyArticles, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, LILACS and additional resources. The extraction and analysis of data was synthesized in a narrative mode describing intervention, population, and key outcomes such as decreased risky sexual behavior, decreases in sexually transmitted infections, and adolescent pregnancy. There were 2289 potentially relevant studies, of which 31 systematic reviews related to adolescent interventions were included. It was demonstrated that interventions involve parents and the community as participants, are based on audiovisual media and school workshops, and their emphasis is on information and training in school. Different reviews framed in methods of psychosocial intervention based on community groups and the home as a fundamental axis were reported. Finally, a large amount of scientific evidence related to the subject was identified. New directions are presented for interventions in sexual education for adolescents based on the combination of actions and techniques, the implementation of digital technology, and socio-cultural and contextual adaptations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12850097
title: The Relationship between Self-Efficacy, Functional Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity in People with COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of the relationships between self-efficacy and (i) functional exercise capacity and (ii) physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether self-efficacy assessment type (i.e., COPD symptoms, exercise-task, exercise-barrier, general, falls) and physical activity assessment type (i.e., self-report vs. objective) are moderators. A systematic search of COPD and self-efficacy concepts was conducted using eight databases from inception to 23 January 2019. Studies were included if they provided correlation coefficients of the relationship between self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity or physical activity, were conducted in adults diagnosed with COPD, and were published in English-language journals. A total of 14 correlation coefficients were included in the self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity meta-analysis, and 16 in the self-efficacy and physical activity meta-analysis. Data were screened, reviewed, and extracted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Stronger self-efficacy was associated with better functional exercise capacity (weighted <i>r</i> = 0.38, 95%CI [0.25, 0.50]), and greater physical activity (weighted <i>r</i> = 0.25, 95%CI [0.17, 0.34]). Exercise-task self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to functional exercise capacity (weighted <i>r</i> = 0.64, 95% CI [0.51, 0.73]). For physical activity, the type of self-efficacy most strongly related was inconclusive. In COPD, self-efficacy has a relationship to functional exercise capacity and physical activity, the strength of which is influenced by the choice of self-efficacy measure. An understanding of these relationships will assist clinicians in selecting the self-efficacy measure most closely related to the outcome of interest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12850097.v1
title: The Relationship between Self-Efficacy, Functional Exercise Capacity and Physical Activity in People with COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of the relationships between self-efficacy and (i) functional exercise capacity and (ii) physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether self-efficacy assessment type (i.e., COPD symptoms, exercise-task, exercise-barrier, general, falls) and physical activity assessment type (i.e., self-report vs. objective) are moderators. A systematic search of COPD and self-efficacy concepts was conducted using eight databases from inception to 23 January 2019. Studies were included if they provided correlation coefficients of the relationship between self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity or physical activity, were conducted in adults diagnosed with COPD, and were published in English-language journals. A total of 14 correlation coefficients were included in the self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity meta-analysis, and 16 in the self-efficacy and physical activity meta-analysis. Data were screened, reviewed, and extracted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Stronger self-efficacy was associated with better functional exercise capacity (weighted <i>r</i> = 0.38, 95%CI [0.25, 0.50]), and greater physical activity (weighted <i>r</i> = 0.25, 95%CI [0.17, 0.34]). Exercise-task self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to functional exercise capacity (weighted <i>r</i> = 0.64, 95% CI [0.51, 0.73]). For physical activity, the type of self-efficacy most strongly related was inconclusive. In COPD, self-efficacy has a relationship to functional exercise capacity and physical activity, the strength of which is influenced by the choice of self-efficacy measure. An understanding of these relationships will assist clinicians in selecting the self-efficacy measure most closely related to the outcome of interest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12850088
title: Role of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Variations in Cancer Development: A Systematic Review

description: mtDNA is the closed circular, ds-DNA present in mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and are inherited maternally. Besides being the power house of the cell, mitochondria are also responsible for the regulation of redox homeostasis, signaling, metabolism, immunity, survival and apoptosis. Lack of a <i>‘Systematic Review’</i> on mtDNA variations and cancers encouraged us to perform the present study. <i>Pubmed’, ‘Embase’ and ‘Cochrane Library’ databases</i> were searched using keywords <i>‘Mitochondrial DNA’ OR ‘mtDNA’ OR ‘mDNA’ AND ‘polymorphism’ AND ‘cancer’ AND ‘risk’</i> to retrieve literature. Polymorphisms occupy first rank among mtDNA variations followed by CNV, MSI, mutations and hold a great potential to emerge as key predictors for human cancers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12850088.v1
title: Role of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Variations in Cancer Development: A Systematic Review

description: mtDNA is the closed circular, ds-DNA present in mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and are inherited maternally. Besides being the power house of the cell, mitochondria are also responsible for the regulation of redox homeostasis, signaling, metabolism, immunity, survival and apoptosis. Lack of a <i>‘Systematic Review’</i> on mtDNA variations and cancers encouraged us to perform the present study. <i>Pubmed’, ‘Embase’ and ‘Cochrane Library’ databases</i> were searched using keywords <i>‘Mitochondrial DNA’ OR ‘mtDNA’ OR ‘mDNA’ AND ‘polymorphism’ AND ‘cancer’ AND ‘risk’</i> to retrieve literature. Polymorphisms occupy first rank among mtDNA variations followed by CNV, MSI, mutations and hold a great potential to emerge as key predictors for human cancers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12987383
title: Shorebird embryos exhibit anti-predator responses

description: Ground-nesting shorebirds rely on egg crypsis as one of their main anti-predator defence strategies. Avian embryos vocalise late in incubation and communicate with parents through the eggshell but calls may compromise crypsis. Conceivably, embryos may cease calling when exposed to signals that suggest a predator is nearby (acoustic crypsis) but this has not been studied. Signals of nearby predators may include bird calls (predator, parental alarm), parental heart rate (higher when predators are nearby) or changes in light and temperature (incubators leave nests when predators are nearby). Experiments using eggs of Red-capped Plovers Charadrius ruficapillus and Masked Lapwings Vanellus miles examined whether the number of embryonic vocalisations varied with exposure to the above factors. For both species, exposure to predator calls caused fewer embryonic calls (although, this effect was evident for only one variant of predator calls for Red-capped Plover). For Red-capped Plovers, there was a tendency (p = 0.068) for exposure to light/changed temperature and noise to be associated with fewer calls. Parental heart rate (tested only in lapwings) and exposure to light/temperature and noise change had no influence on the number of embryonic vocalisations for Masked Lapwings. We show that embryos are able to respond to predator calls and possibly light/temperature/noise levels as cues, in a manner consistent with anti-predator behaviour before hatching.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12987383.v1
title: Shorebird embryos exhibit anti-predator responses

description: Ground-nesting shorebirds rely on egg crypsis as one of their main anti-predator defence strategies. Avian embryos vocalise late in incubation and communicate with parents through the eggshell but calls may compromise crypsis. Conceivably, embryos may cease calling when exposed to signals that suggest a predator is nearby (acoustic crypsis) but this has not been studied. Signals of nearby predators may include bird calls (predator, parental alarm), parental heart rate (higher when predators are nearby) or changes in light and temperature (incubators leave nests when predators are nearby). Experiments using eggs of Red-capped Plovers Charadrius ruficapillus and Masked Lapwings Vanellus miles examined whether the number of embryonic vocalisations varied with exposure to the above factors. For both species, exposure to predator calls caused fewer embryonic calls (although, this effect was evident for only one variant of predator calls for Red-capped Plover). For Red-capped Plovers, there was a tendency (p = 0.068) for exposure to light/changed temperature and noise to be associated with fewer calls. Parental heart rate (tested only in lapwings) and exposure to light/temperature and noise change had no influence on the number of embryonic vocalisations for Masked Lapwings. We show that embryos are able to respond to predator calls and possibly light/temperature/noise levels as cues, in a manner consistent with anti-predator behaviour before hatching.<br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14545929
title: Questionnaire and results for "Agent-Based Simulation with Data-Driven Parameterization for Evaluation of Social Acceptance of a Geothermal Development"

description: Questionnaire and results of the social survey for "Agent-Based Simulation with Data-Driven Parameterization for Evaluation of Social Acceptance of a Geothermal Development".
DOI: 10.3886/e139741
title: Mobile Learning During School Disruptions in Sub-Saharan Africa

description: School closures due to teacher strikes or political unrest in low-resource contexts can adversely affect children's educational outcomes and career opportunities. Phone-based educational technologies could help bridge these gaps in formal schooling, but it is unclear whether or how children and their families will use such systems during periods of disruption. We investigate two mobile learning technologies deployed in Sub-Saharan Africa: a text message-based application with lessons and quizzes adhering to the national curriculum in Kenya (N = 1.3m), and a voice-based platform for supporting early literacy in Côte d’Ivoire (N = 236). We examine usage and beliefs surrounding unexpected school closures in each context via system log data and interviews with families about their motivations and methods for learning during the disruption. We find that mobile learning is used as a supplement for formal and informal schooling during disruptions with equivalent or higher intensity, as parents feel responsible to ensure continuity in schooling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12271148.v1
title: Induced neural stem cells-derived spinal cord progenitor cells as stable stage for rapid and efficient generation of human oligodendrocytes and motor neurons

description: <b>Purpose:</b> Previous studies have shown that oligodendrocytes and motor neurons have the same progenitors in the ventral spinal cord called spinal cord progenitor cells marked by oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (Olig2). However, it is difficult to identify the spinal cord progenitor cell in vitro as they are present transiently and further transform into other neuronal (interneuron) and glial (oligodendrocyte) lineages during development. In the present study, we try to generated Olig2<sup>+</sup> spinal cord progenitor cells from human induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) and identify those spinal cord progenitor cells in vitro <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were converted into induced neural stem cells (iNSCs), after they were identified by immunostaining using neural stem cell markers such as Nestin, Sox1, Sox2, iNSCs were transformed into Olig2<sup>+</sup> spinal cord progenitor cells in 3 weeks by using small molecules. <b>Results:</b> Olig2<sup>+</sup> spinal cord progenitor cells could expand for at least ﬁve passages and remained in a dividing state over a considerable period of time; in addition, the Olig2<sup>+</sup> progenitor cells could mature into O4 and MBP positive oligodendrocytes and HB9 positive motor neurons in a short period. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our research provides a useful protocol for rapid generation of human oligodendrocytes and motor neurons from human iNSCs and demonstrates a progenitor cell model for exploring the origin of motor neurons and oligodendrocyte in vitro, which will contribute to research on the development of spinal cord and regenerative medicine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9937934
title: Development and characterization of waste equine bone-derived calcium phosphate cements with human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells

description: Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are regarded as promising graft substitutes for bone tissue engineering. However, their wide use is limited by the high cost associated with the complex synthetic processes involved in their fabrication. Cheaper xenogeneic calcium phosphate (CaP) materials derived from waste animal bone may solve this problem. Moreover, the surface topography, mechanical strength, and cellular function of CPCs are influenced by the ratio of micro- to nano-sized CaP (M/NCaP) particles. In this study, we developed waste equine bone (EB)-derived CPCs with various M/NCaP particle ratios to examine the potential capacity of EB-CPCs for bone grafting materials. Our study showed that increasing the number of NCaP particles resulted in reductions in roughness and porosity while promoting smoother surfaces of EB-CPCs. Changes in the chemical properties of EB-CPCs by NCaP particles were observed using X-ray diffractometry. The mechanical properties and cohesiveness of the EB-CPCs improved as the NCaP particle content increased. In an in vitro study, EB-CPCs with a greater proportion of MCaP particles showed higher cell adhesion. Alkaline phosphatase activity indicated that osteogenic differentiation by EB-CPCs was promoted with increased NCaP particle content. These results could provide a design criterion for bone substitutes for orthopedic disease, including periodontal bone defects.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9937934.v1
title: Development and characterization of waste equine bone-derived calcium phosphate cements with human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells

description: Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are regarded as promising graft substitutes for bone tissue engineering. However, their wide use is limited by the high cost associated with the complex synthetic processes involved in their fabrication. Cheaper xenogeneic calcium phosphate (CaP) materials derived from waste animal bone may solve this problem. Moreover, the surface topography, mechanical strength, and cellular function of CPCs are influenced by the ratio of micro- to nano-sized CaP (M/NCaP) particles. In this study, we developed waste equine bone (EB)-derived CPCs with various M/NCaP particle ratios to examine the potential capacity of EB-CPCs for bone grafting materials. Our study showed that increasing the number of NCaP particles resulted in reductions in roughness and porosity while promoting smoother surfaces of EB-CPCs. Changes in the chemical properties of EB-CPCs by NCaP particles were observed using X-ray diffractometry. The mechanical properties and cohesiveness of the EB-CPCs improved as the NCaP particle content increased. In an in vitro study, EB-CPCs with a greater proportion of MCaP particles showed higher cell adhesion. Alkaline phosphatase activity indicated that osteogenic differentiation by EB-CPCs was promoted with increased NCaP particle content. These results could provide a design criterion for bone substitutes for orthopedic disease, including periodontal bone defects.
DOI: 10.3886/e139741v1
title: Mobile Learning During School Disruptions in Sub-Saharan Africa

description: School closures due to teacher strikes or political unrest in low-resource contexts can adversely affect children's educational outcomes and career opportunities. Phone-based educational technologies could help bridge these gaps in formal schooling, but it is unclear whether or how children and their families will use such systems during periods of disruption. We investigate two mobile learning technologies deployed in Sub-Saharan Africa: a text message-based application with lessons and quizzes adhering to the national curriculum in Kenya (N = 1.3m), and a voice-based platform for supporting early literacy in Côte d’Ivoire (N = 236). We examine usage and beliefs surrounding unexpected school closures in each context via system log data and interviews with families about their motivations and methods for learning during the disruption. We find that mobile learning is used as a supplement for formal and informal schooling during disruptions with equivalent or higher intensity, as parents feel responsible to ensure continuity in schooling.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12271148
title: Induced neural stem cells-derived spinal cord progenitor cells as stable stage for rapid and efficient generation of human oligodendrocytes and motor neurons

description: <b>Purpose:</b> Previous studies have shown that oligodendrocytes and motor neurons have the same progenitors in the ventral spinal cord called spinal cord progenitor cells marked by oligodendrocyte lineage transcription factor 2 (Olig2). However, it is difficult to identify the spinal cord progenitor cell in vitro as they are present transiently and further transform into other neuronal (interneuron) and glial (oligodendrocyte) lineages during development. In the present study, we try to generated Olig2<sup>+</sup> spinal cord progenitor cells from human induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) and identify those spinal cord progenitor cells in vitro <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were converted into induced neural stem cells (iNSCs), after they were identified by immunostaining using neural stem cell markers such as Nestin, Sox1, Sox2, iNSCs were transformed into Olig2<sup>+</sup> spinal cord progenitor cells in 3 weeks by using small molecules. <b>Results:</b> Olig2<sup>+</sup> spinal cord progenitor cells could expand for at least ﬁve passages and remained in a dividing state over a considerable period of time; in addition, the Olig2<sup>+</sup> progenitor cells could mature into O4 and MBP positive oligodendrocytes and HB9 positive motor neurons in a short period. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our research provides a useful protocol for rapid generation of human oligodendrocytes and motor neurons from human iNSCs and demonstrates a progenitor cell model for exploring the origin of motor neurons and oligodendrocyte in vitro, which will contribute to research on the development of spinal cord and regenerative medicine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9724148
title: Use of magnetic capture to identify elevated levels of CCL2 following intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate in rats

description: Synovial fluid biomarkers help evaluate osteoarthritis (OA) development. Magnetic capture, our new magnetic nanoparticle-based technology, has proven to be effective for determining extracellular matrix fragment levels in two rat OA models. Here, the feasibility of magnetic capture for detecting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1 or CCL2) is demonstrated after intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate (MIA) in the rat knee. Forty-eight male Lewis rats received a right hind limb, intra-articular injection of MIA (1 mg in 25 µl of saline) or 25 µl of saline. Magnetic capture and lavage were performed at 7 days after injection (n = 6 per treatment per procedure), with magnetic capture additionally performed at 14 and 28 days post-injection (n = 6 per treatment per time point). CCL2 was also assessed in serum. Serum CCL2 levels revealed no difference between MIA and saline animals (<i>p</i> = 0.0851). In contrast, magnetic capture and lavage detected a significant increase of CCL2 in the MIA-injected knee, with the MIA-injected knee having elevated CCL2 compared to contralateral and saline-injected knees (<i>p</i> = 0.00016 (contralateral) and <i>p</i> = 0.00016 (saline) for magnetic capture; <i>p =</i> 0.00023 (contralateral) and <i>p =</i> 0.00049 (saline) for lavage). Magnetic capture of CCL2 was successfully developed and applied to determine levels of CCL2 in a rat knee. Magnetic capture detected a statistically significant increase of CCL2 in MIA-injected knees compared to controls, and CCL2 levels stayed relatively stable from week 1 through week 4 post-MIA injection.