DOI: 10.5061/dryad.287f2n0
title: Data from: Natural selection contributes to geographic patterns of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata.

description: A long-standing debate in evolutionary biology concerns the relative
 importance of different evolutionary forces in explaining phenotypic
 diversification at large geographic scales. For example, natural selection
 is typically assumed to underlie divergence along environmental gradients.
 However, neutral evolutionary processes can produce similar patterns. We
 collected molecular genetic data from 14 European populations of Plantago
 lanceolata to test the contributions of natural selection versus neutral
 evolution to population divergence in temperature-sensitive phenotypic
 plasticity of floral reflectance. In P. lanceolata reflectance plasticity
 is positively correlated with latitude/altitude. We used population
 pairwise comparisons between neutral genetic differentiation (FST and
 Jost's D) and phenotypic differentiation (PST) to assess the
 contributions of geographic distance and environmental parameters of the
 reproductive season in driving population divergence. Data are consistent
 with selection having shaped large-scale geographic patterns in thermal
 plasticity. The aggregate pattern of PST vs. FST was consistent with
 divergent selection. FST explained thermal plasticity differences only
 when geographic distance was not included in the model. Differences in the
 extent of cool reproductive-season temperatures, and not overall
 temperature variation, explained plasticity differences independent of
 distance. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that thermal
 plasticity is adaptive where growing seasons are shorter and cooler, i.e.,
 at high latitude/altitude.
description: DegMoB15,
 normalizedNormalized
 Differentiation- Proportion of time (months) below 15
 C.azDegMoB15.csvDifferentiation_Fst, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - FstazDifferentiation_Fst.csvDifferentiation_Jost, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Jost's DazDifferentiation_Jost.csvEuclidean Distance, NormalizedNormalized Differentiation - Euclidean DistanceazEuclidean.csvGenetic Diversity, normalizedNormalized Differentiation- Genetic Diversity (Heterozygosity from Hickory)azgDiversity.csvDistance Over Land, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Distance over land (in meters)azOverLand.csvThermal_PC1, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Thermal_PC1azPCA1.csvPst Plasticity, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Pst of floral reflectance plasticityazPstPlast.csvReproductive Season Months, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Duration of reproductive season in monthsazReproMo.csvReproductive Season Precipitation, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Precipitation during reproductive seasonazReproPrecip.csvDiffMaxMin (Thermal Magnitude), normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Thermal magnitude of reproductive seasonazDiffMaxMin.csvMagnitudePC1, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - MagnitudePC1 axisazMagnitudePCA.csvMag_Therm_PC1, normalizedNormalized Differentiation - Mag_Therm_PC1 axisazMag_Therm_PCA.csvgDegMoB15Raw Differentiation - Proportion of reproductive season below 15CgDifferentiation_FstRaw Differentiation - FstgDifferentiation_JostRaw Differentiation - Jost's DgThermal_PC1Raw Differentiation - Thermal_PC1gPCA1.csvgPhysicalDistanceRaw Differentiation - Physical Distance over landgPstPlastRaw Differentiation - Pst of floral reflectance plasticitygReflectancePlasticityRaw Differentiation - Floral reflectance plasticitygReproMoRaw Differentiation - Duration of reproductive seasongtotprecipRaw Differentiation - Precipitation during reproductive seasongDiffMaxMinRaw Differentiation - Thermal Magnitude during reproductive seasongMagnitude_PC1Raw Differentiation - Magnitude_PC1 axisgMagnitude_PCA.csvEnvironmentalPCAR script for principal components analysesEnvironmental data to calculate Thermal_PC1Environmental data used to calculate Thermal_PC1 principal components axisEnv.csvEnvironmental data used to calculate Magnitude_PC1Environmental data used to calculate Magnitude_PC1 principal components axisMag_Env.csvEnvironmental data used to calculate Mag_Therm_PC1Environmental data used to calculate Mag_Therm_PC1 principal components axisMag_Degmo_Env.csvMantelR script for conducting Mantel and MRM analysesDiversity_Lat_AltPopulation latitude altitude heterozygosity (het) and plasticity values used to conduct simple correlationsBootstrap_R100_FrG_FrHR Script - Example of bootstrapping file used to calculate 95% CI for Pst. This example is comparing Pst between FrG and FrH.AFLP_Hickory_Input_ALLAFLP input file to Hickory. Data are divided into 14 European populations. 1=present, 0=absent, ?=missingAFLP_Hickory_Input_RegionalAFLP data file for input into Hickory. Data are divided into geographic regions. 1=present, 0=absent, ?=missingAFLP_STRUCTURE_InputRaw input file for Structure including all individuals divided into 14 populations. 1=present, 0=absent, 9=missingPopulation_DataPopulation data: Pop=Population, lat=Latitude, alt=Altitude, Heterozygosity=Heterozygosity, pseason=Season duration in months, DegMoBelow15=Proportion of reproductive season below 15C, pplasticity=Population mean floral reflectance plasticity, TotalPrecip.=Total reproductive season precipitation95_CI_Final95_CI_Final.xlsx: Data of all bootstrapped values of Pst for each pairwise population comparison. Lower and upper 95% CI values are highlighted in yellowBootReflectanceRaw temperature-sensitive floral reflectance plasticity data for all populations.ALL_VALUES_CI_FINALNormalized Data for input into GraphPad Prism 6 Comparison: Pairwise population comparison Physal_Distance: Shortest distance between populations over land in meters Thermal_PC1: First principal component from PCA integrating Proportion of Reproductive season between 15 degrees C and 5 degrees C and Duration of Reproductive season DegMoB15: Proportion of Reproductive season between 15 degrees C and 5 degrees C diff_months: Environmental differentiation in duration of the reproductive season in months ReproPrecip: Environmental differentiation in total precipitation of the reproductive season in kg m^2 Magnitude: Thermal Magnitude of the Reproductive Season Magnitude_PC1: First principal component from PCA integrating Thermal Magnitude of the Reproductive Season and Duration of Reproductive season Mag_Therm_PC1: First principal component from PCA integrating Proportion of Reproductive season between 15 degrees C and 5 degrees C, Thermal Magnitude of the Reproductive Season, and Duration of Reproductive season D: Genetic Differentiation Jost's D lowerD: lower 95% CI Genetic Differentiation Jost's D upperD: upper 95% CI Genetic Differentiation Jost's D Fst: Genetic Differentiation Fst lowerFst: lower 95% CI Genetic Differentiation Fst upperFst: upper 95% CI Genetic Differentiation Fst Pst: Phenotypic differentiation in temperature-sensitive floral reflectance plasticity lowerPst: lower 95% CI Phenotypic differentiation in temperature-sensitive floral reflectance plasticity upperPst: upper 95% CI Phenotypic differentiation in temperature-sensitive floral reflectance plasticityReadmeReadme file with detailed description of each file associated with this publication4.6.2018.Readme.rtf