DOI: 10.7488/4fb44cb6-68ef-4ee2-b6ec-45320d390548
title: ENIGMA HALFpipe task-based functional MRI STRADL Project

description: ## Access ##
This dataset is held in the Edinburgh DataVault, directly accessible only to authorised University of Edinburgh staff. External users may request access to a copy of the data by contacting the Principal Investigator, Contact Person or Data Manager named on this page. University of Edinburgh users who wish to have direct access should consult the information about retrieving data from the DataVault at: https://www.ed.ac.uk/is/research-support/datavault.
description: This data is GWAS summary statistics for chromosomes 1-22 for the ENIGMA HALFpipe task-based functional MRI STRADL project. To calculate them, we first fit a null hypothesis for each phenotype and chromosome to estimate the mixed effects variance components. We then used these values to calculate a score statistic for each genotype and phenotype as per [Chen and Abecasis (2007)](https://doi.org/bwb2vv). These score statistics are what are being used to perform meta-analysis using [RAREMETAL](https://genome.sph.umich.edu/wiki/RAREMETAL_Documentation). The ramp-latest.sif container and built-in score command were used (in EDDIE) to calculate the summary statistics.

This project is led by Lea Waller from Charité, Berlin as part of her PhD.

Introduction to the project: Functional MRI during the performance of cognitive tasks is widely used to study the neurobiological basis of behavior, cognition, and emotion. Previous studies disagree on whether statistics derived from task-based fMRI are heritable – estimates range from approximately five percent (Smith et al. 2021) to more than forty percent (Blokland et al. 2011; Dickie et al. 2014). One explanation for this discrepancy is the different analytic choices made by researchers.

We chose three domains of cognitive tasks that have been widely used in imaging genetics studies of task-based fMRI for inclusion in the study. These are emotional face viewing and emotion identification tasks that involve the presentation of faces displaying negative emotions, working memory tasks such as N-back or Sternberg paradigm, and reward tasks including Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) and card guessing paradigms. MID tasks measure both the neural correlates of reward anticipation, and those of experiencing the reward outcome of that anticipation. Card guessing paradigms only capture the latter. This site used an implicit emotional processing task (fearful-faces) and a reward-based task which were performed by participants as part of the STratifying Resilience and Depression Longitudinally (STRADL) Study - A depression-focused investigation of Generation Scotland, using detailed clinical, cognitive, and neuroimaging assessments (https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articl!
 es/4-185/v2).

Methods for the project: We invited researchers with access to relevant data to contribute through the ENIGMA consortium mailing list, the consortium website, and public postings on social media. Researchers received an imaging analysis manual to process their data from scratch using HALFpipe (Waller et al. 2022), which is based on fMRIPrep (Esteban et al. 2020), and then estimate task contrasts on the individual level data. Sites then calculated genome-wide associations on the resulting z-statistics for regions derived from multiple brain atlases. This step was performed using RAMP (Waller et al. 2024), which is based on RAREMETALWORKER (Feng et al. 2014). Sites were combined in a fixed-effects meta-analysis using METAL (Willer, Li, and Abecasis 2010). We then calculated the SNP-based heritability from the meta-analysis results for each brain region using HDL (Ning, Pawitan, and Shen 2020). We thresholded heritability estimates at p(FDR) &lt;.05.