DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wdbrv161r
title: Advanced 4-chamber echocardiography techniques enable clinically matched precise characterization of heart disease progression in mice

description: Background: Transthoracic echocardiography remains the primary
 non-invasive method for assessing cardiac function in clinical practice.
 However, technical challenges in acquiring accurate apical
 4-chamber-long-axis (A4CLAX) views have historically limited mouse studies
 to left ventricle (LV) assessment using parasternal short-axis (SAX)
 M-mode imaging. Methods: To overcome this limitation, we developed a novel
 A4CLAX imaging approach for mice and performed a comparative analysis with
 established echocardiographic methods to assess cardiac function in
 healthy mouse hearts. To evaluate the utility of A4CLAX in detecting
 disease progression, we longitudinally monitored cardiac function of
 C57BL/6N mice (male and female) following severe transverse aortic
 constriction (TAC), using both long-axis biplane (LAX-BP) and conventional
 SAX M-mode assays. Results: Here we show that LAX-BP echocardiography
 demonstrates volumetric accuracy comparable to cardiac magnetic resonance
 (CMR) and detects significant LV functional decline within the first week
 post-TAC–changes that are not clearly captured by M-mode imaging.
 Importantly, A4CLAX further enables clinically relevant Doppler
 assessments, allowing detection of mitral valve regurgitation, restrictive
 filling patterns, and desynchronized valve motion. It also facilitates
 right ventricle (RV) functional evaluation and improved atrial
 visualization, revealing progressive enlargement of the left atrial (LA)
 and left atrial appendage (LAA) associated with worsening diastolic
 function. Conclusion: The A4CLAX imaging approach provides clinically
 comparable, comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation in murine models
 and offers improved sensitivity for detecting subtle changes in cardiac
 performance during disease progression.
description: # Advanced 4-chamber echocardiography techniques enable clinically matched
 precise characterization of heart disease progression in mice Dataset DOI:
 [10.5061/dryad.wdbrv161r](10.5061/dryad.wdbrv161r) ## Description of the
 data and file structure A zipped files contains all quantification
 echocardiographic assessment in mouse hearts. ### Files and variables ####
 File: COMMSMED-24-0778A_Supplementary_Data.zip **Description:**  The fold
 includes seven files. 1.    **File: Figure 2-Adult WT
 mice** **(Prism).** A Prism file contains the data of cardiac
 echocardiographic assessment in normal mice using long-axis biplane
 (LAX-BP), parasternal M-mode (M-mode), short-axis Simpson’s biplane
 (SAX-BP), parasternal long-axis (PLAX), and apical 4-chamber long-axis
 (A4CLAX) approaches. Left ventricle function parameters evaluated include
 heart rate (HR), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV),
 ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV), and cardiac output (CO). 2.   
 **File: Figure 3A-3D TAC mice (Prism).** A Prism file contains the data of
 left ventricle function assessment in mouse hearts post transverse aortic
 constriction (TAC) mice surgery using long-axis biplane (LAX-BP) and
 M-mode approaches. The LV internal diameter at end-diastole (LVDD) and
 diastolic (-d) thickness of LV anterior (LVAW) and posterior (LVPW) walls
 were measured in TAC mice pre-operation (Pre-Op), and at 1 (1WK) and 4
 weeks (4WK) post-TAC surgery using PSAX M-Mode assays. LV function assays
 include heart rate (HR), ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV),
 cardiac output (CO), end-diastolic volume (EDV), and end-systolic volume
 (ESV). 3.    **File: Figure 3E Bland Altman Plot assays (excel)**. A excel
 spreadsheet contains the data of Bland-Altman plot assays of  long-axis
 biplane (LAX-BP), M-mode, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in
 assessment of left ventricle end-diastolic volume (EDV), and end-systolic
 volume (ESV). 4.    **File: Figure 4-LV TAC Mice (Prism)**. A Prism file
 contains the data of A4CLAX doppler assays of left ventricle (LV) function
 in transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice. Pulsed Wave Doppler (PWD) of
 the mitral valve (MV) in mouse hearts (n=4) illustrate data from
 pre-operation (Pre-Op), 1-week (1WK) and 4-week (4WK) post-TAC surgery,
 including ejection time (ET), early and late diastolic MV inflow velocity
 (E and A waves), E/A ratio, E wave deceleration, and E wave deceleration
 time. 5.    **File: Figure 5-RV TAC mice (Prism).** A Prism file contains
 the data of right ventricle function assessment of right ventricle (RV)
 function in mouse hearts post transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice
 surgery. Assays include RV area during systolic and diastolic phases and
 RV Fractional Area Change (FAC) from pre-operation (Pre-Op) to 1-week
 (1WK) and 4-week (4WK) post-TAC surgery. 6.    **File: Figure 7-LA TAC
 mice (Prism).** A Prism file contains the data of left atrium function
 assessment of left atrium (LA) function in mouse hearts post transverse
 aortic constriction (TAC) mice surgery. Assays include LA area during
 systolic and diastolic phases, along with a marked decline in LA
 Fractional Area Change (FAC) from pre-operation (Pre-Op) to 1-week (1WK)
 and 4-week (4WK) post-TAC surgery. 7.    **File: Supplemental Figure 3-MI
 mice (Prism)**. A Prism file contains the data of of left ventricle (LV)
 function assessment in mouse hearts post myocardial infarction (MI) mice
 surgery using long-axis biplane (LAX-BP) and M-mode approaches. LV
 function assays include the heart rate (HR), end-diastolic volume (EDV)
 and end-systolic volume (ESV), ejection fraction (EF), stroke volume (SV),
 and cardiac output (CO). ## Code/software Prism GraphPad and Microsoft
 Office Excel