cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7509671
title: The Cogollo Group and the oceanic anoxic events 1a and 1b, Maracaibo basin, Venezuela

description: ABSTRACTCarbonates of Cogollo Group (Apón, Lisure and Maraca formations) constitute the broader calcareous platform system originated during Aptian and Albian of Cretaceous in north-western South America, Maracaibo Basin, Venezuela. On the shallow shelf, a variety of calcareous sedimentary facies were deposited during marine transgressive and regressive cycles. Some of them developed porosity and constitute important hydrocarbon reservoirs. Due to some major marine transgressions, from early Aptian, the anoxic environment and characteristic facies of a pelagic environment moved from the outer slope and basin to the shallow shelf, during specific time intervals, favouring the sedimentation of organic matter-rich facies, which correspond to the oceanic anoxic events (OAEs) 1a and 1b. The source rock of Machiques Member (Apón Formation) was deposited during early Aptian OAE 1a (~ 120 Ma). The source rock of Piché Member, located at the top of the Apón Formation, was deposited during late Aptian OAE 1b (~ 113 Ma). Finally, La Luna Formation, from Cenomanian, that covers the OAE 2 (~ 93 Ma), represents the most important source rock in the Maracaibo Basin. In this way and based on sedimentological and organic geochemistry results from the determinations performed on 247 samples belonging to six cores in the Maracaibo Basin, we propose these two organic-rich levels, deposited on the shallow shelf of the Cogollo Group, as "effective source rocks", additional to La Luna Formation, with oil migration in relatively small distances to the porosity facies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511717
title: Magmatic and hydrothermal quartz of the São Jorge gold deposit, Tapajós Gold Province, Pará: Petrography, scanning electron microscopy-cathodoluminescence and metallogenetic implications

description: Studies in crystals of quartz present in the mineral associations to the area of the São Jorge gold deposit, Tapajós Gold Province, southwest of the Pará state, identified four morphological and textural types (Qz1, Qz2, Qz3 and Qz4) by scanning electron microscopy-cathodoluminescence images. In the more preserved rocks of the Younger São Jorge Jovem granite, rich in amphibole and biotite (associations 1 and 2), anhedral crystals of magmatic quartz with high to moderate luminescence (Qz1) dominate. In the partly altered rocks (associations 2 and 3), post-magmatic to hydrothermal fluids affected the granite, and filled fractures in Qz1 and crystallized not luminescent (dark) Qz2. In the most intensely altered rocks (association 4), successive alteration, dissolution and recrystallization processes gave rise to typically hydrothermal zoned, subhedral (Qz3) and euhedral (Qz4) quartz crystals. Images by backscattered electrons and semiquantitative analysis by energy dispersive spectroscopy identified two generations of gold: Au1, enriched in Ag (4.3 to 23.7%) and associated to pyrite crystals; Au2, enriched in Te (1.1 to 17.2%) and included or associated to Qz4. The scanning electron microscopy-cathodoluminescence study provided important information that was preserved in the quartz structure. The morphological and textural evolution of this mineral in different stages shows the gradual action of the hydrothermalism in the rocks and minerals associations of São Jorge deposit. Gold mineralization of the deposit was chemically (energy dispersive spectroscopy) and paragenetically (pyrite, sphalerite and Qz4) characterized, and it can be divided into different generations or mineralizing events. The effectiveness of the methodology used in this study was established, allowing its application in studies of other hydrothermal deposits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511717.v1
title: Magmatic and hydrothermal quartz of the São Jorge gold deposit, Tapajós Gold Province, Pará: Petrography, scanning electron microscopy-cathodoluminescence and metallogenetic implications

description: Studies in crystals of quartz present in the mineral associations to the area of the São Jorge gold deposit, Tapajós Gold Province, southwest of the Pará state, identified four morphological and textural types (Qz1, Qz2, Qz3 and Qz4) by scanning electron microscopy-cathodoluminescence images. In the more preserved rocks of the Younger São Jorge Jovem granite, rich in amphibole and biotite (associations 1 and 2), anhedral crystals of magmatic quartz with high to moderate luminescence (Qz1) dominate. In the partly altered rocks (associations 2 and 3), post-magmatic to hydrothermal fluids affected the granite, and filled fractures in Qz1 and crystallized not luminescent (dark) Qz2. In the most intensely altered rocks (association 4), successive alteration, dissolution and recrystallization processes gave rise to typically hydrothermal zoned, subhedral (Qz3) and euhedral (Qz4) quartz crystals. Images by backscattered electrons and semiquantitative analysis by energy dispersive spectroscopy identified two generations of gold: Au1, enriched in Ag (4.3 to 23.7%) and associated to pyrite crystals; Au2, enriched in Te (1.1 to 17.2%) and included or associated to Qz4. The scanning electron microscopy-cathodoluminescence study provided important information that was preserved in the quartz structure. The morphological and textural evolution of this mineral in different stages shows the gradual action of the hydrothermalism in the rocks and minerals associations of São Jorge deposit. Gold mineralization of the deposit was chemically (energy dispersive spectroscopy) and paragenetically (pyrite, sphalerite and Qz4) characterized, and it can be divided into different generations or mineralizing events. The effectiveness of the methodology used in this study was established, allowing its application in studies of other hydrothermal deposits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506497
title: Ground Penetrating Radar investigation of depositional architecture: the São Sebastião and Marizal formations in the Cretaceous Tucano Basin (Northeastern Brazil)

description: ABSTRACT: One key factor for the advance in the study of fluvial deposits is the application of geophysical methods, being the Ground Penetrating Radar one of special value. Although applied to active rivers, the method is not extensively tested on the rock record, bearing interest for hydrocarbon reservoir analogue models. The São Sebastião and Marizal formations were the subject of previous studies, which made possible the comparison of Ground Penetrating Radar survey to previous stratigraphic studies in order to identify the best combination of resolution, penetration and antenna frequency for the studied subject. Eight radar facies were identified, being six of them related to fluvial sedimentary environments, one related to eolian sedimentary environment and one radar facies interpreted as coastal sedimentary environment. The Ground Penetrating Radar data showed compatibility to sedimentary structures in the outcrops, like planar and trough cross-stratified beds. It is noted that the obtained resolution was efficient in the identification of structures up to 0.3 m using a 100 MHz antenna. In this way, the Ground Penetrating Radar survey in outcrops bears great potential for further works on fluvial depositional architecture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7506497.v1
title: Ground Penetrating Radar investigation of depositional architecture: the São Sebastião and Marizal formations in the Cretaceous Tucano Basin (Northeastern Brazil)

description: ABSTRACT: One key factor for the advance in the study of fluvial deposits is the application of geophysical methods, being the Ground Penetrating Radar one of special value. Although applied to active rivers, the method is not extensively tested on the rock record, bearing interest for hydrocarbon reservoir analogue models. The São Sebastião and Marizal formations were the subject of previous studies, which made possible the comparison of Ground Penetrating Radar survey to previous stratigraphic studies in order to identify the best combination of resolution, penetration and antenna frequency for the studied subject. Eight radar facies were identified, being six of them related to fluvial sedimentary environments, one related to eolian sedimentary environment and one radar facies interpreted as coastal sedimentary environment. The Ground Penetrating Radar data showed compatibility to sedimentary structures in the outcrops, like planar and trough cross-stratified beds. It is noted that the obtained resolution was efficient in the identification of structures up to 0.3 m using a 100 MHz antenna. In this way, the Ground Penetrating Radar survey in outcrops bears great potential for further works on fluvial depositional architecture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7511987
title: Geochronology and structural and petrological features of the Bravo Pluton, Central Domain of the Borborema Province, Northeast Brazil: an early trans-alkaline granite in the post-collisional stage of the Brasiliano Orogeny

description: ABSTRACT: The Bravo Pluton (State of Paraíba) is an ellipsoidal stock formed by porphyritic monzo/syenogranites, dioritic enclaves and their hybrid products. The granitic body is intruded in paleoproterozoic gneiss-migmatitic rocks of the Central Domain of the Borborema Province. The monzo/syenogranites are metaluminous to slightly peraluminous and exhibit high K2O/Na2O &gt; 1.5 and FeOt/(FeOt + MgO) &gt; 0.86. The diorites exhibit high contents of Zr (&gt; 1,134 ppm), TiO2 ~ 1.6% and Nb &gt; (49 ppm). (La/Yb)N is in between 14 and 19.4 and (Eu/Eu*)Nbetween 0.31 to 0.37. In the spiderdiagram, the data are moderately fractionated with peaks in La, Zr and strong negative anomalies in P, Ti and less in Sr. They plot in the field of post-tectonic/intraplate granites in the tectonic discriminant diagram, with some scattering. The estimated pressure (4.4 to 6.0 kbar) based on Alt content in amphibole suggest a range from the middle to the upper crust for the emplacement of the Bravo Pluton. The liquidus temperature according to Zr and SiO2 contents range from 847 to 893°C and for the crystallization, calculated by amphibole-plagioclase pairs range from 589-867°C. They show TDM model ages ranging from 2.35 to 2.18 and εNd(580 Ma) = -18.32 to -17.03. A crystallization age of 581 ± 2 Ma was obtained for the granite from LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb method in zircon. The relationship between the crystallization age (~ 580 Ma), A-type geochemical characteristics of the granitoids, Nd model-ages greater than 2.1 Ga and association with the strike-slip regime contrasts with other similar granitoids, furthermore, slight younger in age (~ 570 Ma), which occur in Central, Rio Grande do Norte Domains and in eastern Nigeria. In this sense, the transition of the compressional to the directional regime (with an extensional component) has occurred just before in the case of this body showing an episodic and diachronic character of the Brazilian orogeny. We conclude that Bravo Pluton constitutes a good example of trans-alkaline post-collisional magmatism within Central Domain which together with other examples from Rio Grande do Norte Domain and in eastern Nigeria suggest a convective thinning of subcontinental lithosphere between 580-570 Ma during amalgamation of Gondwana Supercontinent.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512431.v1
title: Leucocratic syenogranites the Macururé Domain, Sergipano Orogenic System, Northeastern Brazil: Glória Sul Stock

description: ABSTRACT: The Glória Sul Stock (SGS) (41 km2) is a round-shaped pluton, which intrudes the metasediments of the central area of the Macururé Domain, in the Sergipano Orogenic System (SOS). The stock encompasses a number of leucocratic syenogranites, including biotite syenogranite, muscovite-biotite bearing syenogranite and muscovite syenogranite. Mafic microgranular enclaves with syenitic composition are abundant in the biotite syenogranites but very rare in the muscovite-biotite bearing syenogranites. The syenogranites are predominantly metaluminous although the more evolved rocks show a peraluminous character. They can be classified as I-type and high-K calc-alkaline rocks. The syenitic enclaves are metaluminous and show shoshonitic geochemical characteristics. Geochemical modeling suggests that petrological diversity may be explained by considering mixing between peraluminous magma with ca. 73% SiO2 and a mafic shoshonitic magma with ca. 56% SiO2. Trace elements contents (Ba = 1,179 - 319 ppm; Rb = 351 - 55.3 ppm; Y = 16.7 - 1.6 ppm) are higher in the enclaves than in the granites. REE contents range from 38.58 - 299.21 ppm; LaN/YbN = 12.57 - 137.22 and Eu/Eu* = 0.72 - 1.94. The present data indicates that granitogenesis in the Macururé Domain (DM) is complex as well as that the widespread leucocratic syenogranites are post-tectonic, having been generated through interaction between peraluminous rhyolitic magmas and mantellic shoshonitic magmas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7512431
title: Leucocratic syenogranites the Macururé Domain, Sergipano Orogenic System, Northeastern Brazil: Glória Sul Stock

description: ABSTRACT: The Glória Sul Stock (SGS) (41 km2) is a round-shaped pluton, which intrudes the metasediments of the central area of the Macururé Domain, in the Sergipano Orogenic System (SOS). The stock encompasses a number of leucocratic syenogranites, including biotite syenogranite, muscovite-biotite bearing syenogranite and muscovite syenogranite. Mafic microgranular enclaves with syenitic composition are abundant in the biotite syenogranites but very rare in the muscovite-biotite bearing syenogranites. The syenogranites are predominantly metaluminous although the more evolved rocks show a peraluminous character. They can be classified as I-type and high-K calc-alkaline rocks. The syenitic enclaves are metaluminous and show shoshonitic geochemical characteristics. Geochemical modeling suggests that petrological diversity may be explained by considering mixing between peraluminous magma with ca. 73% SiO2 and a mafic shoshonitic magma with ca. 56% SiO2. Trace elements contents (Ba = 1,179 - 319 ppm; Rb = 351 - 55.3 ppm; Y = 16.7 - 1.6 ppm) are higher in the enclaves than in the granites. REE contents range from 38.58 - 299.21 ppm; LaN/YbN = 12.57 - 137.22 and Eu/Eu* = 0.72 - 1.94. The present data indicates that granitogenesis in the Macururé Domain (DM) is complex as well as that the widespread leucocratic syenogranites are post-tectonic, having been generated through interaction between peraluminous rhyolitic magmas and mantellic shoshonitic magmas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519130
title: Stratigraphic evolution of the Upper Carboniferous-Lower Triassic Sequence, Parnaíba Basin, Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The Upper Carboniferous-Lower Triassic Sequence represents the third major sedimentary cycle of the Parnaíba Basin in northeastern Brazil and corresponds to the Balsas Group. The sequence is composed by a thick pack of siliciclastic rocks whose sediments were deposited under complex conditions, varying from clastic/evaporitic shallow marine to lacustrine and desert environment. Aiming to clarify the sedimentary sequence evolution, this work conducted a stratigraphic analysis of the Upper Carboniferous-Lower Triassic sediments. Modern and classic concepts of sequence stratigraphy were applied on a database of wells and seismic sessions. We identified three main depositional sequences. Sequence 1 corresponds to rocks initially deposited by a fluvial system which evolved to shallow marine conditions related to a transgressive stage, later evolving to a deltaic system. Sequence 2 corresponds to sediments deposited under lacustrine/arid conditions, during an important regressive stage, that evolved to a dominantly desert environment recorded in Sequence 3. Seismic stratigraphic analyses allow to infer key stratigraphic surfaces, and three main sequences. Seismic facies related with such sequences are dominantly parallel and sub-parallel, with good lateral continuity, suggesting that the sedimentary rates were homogenous along the interval analyzed in this sector of Parnaíba Basin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519400
title: Petrology of Chasqueiro Granite, Arroio Grande region, Southeastern Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield

description: ABSTRACT: Chasqueiro Granite comprises an 400 km2 N50ºE- trend elongated body located at the southernmost portion of the eastern Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield. It consists of monzo to syenogranite, light gray and leucocratic porphyritic texture with megacrystals K-feldspar in a coarse equigranular hypidiomorphic matrix, composed of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, hornblende, opaque minerals and accessories. The modal megacrystals reach proportions between 30.0 and 60.0%, and range from 4 to 8 cm, with mafic minerals of the matrix showing a subvertical magmatic foliation and a tectonic foliation prominent in the borders marked by intense ductile deformation and protomylonite generation. Another important aspect of the Granite Chasqueiro is the obiquitous presence of microgranular mafic enclaves of dioritic composition in the granite, having different shapes and sizes. The Chasqueiro Granite is high-K calc alkaline, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous and characterized by a narrow SiO2 variation, with characteristic signature of granites generated in post-collisional tectonic setting. Geochronological analyzes obtained by the U-Pb method (LA-ICP-MS) and isotope geochemistry of Lu-Hf zircon data (LA-ICP-MS) presenting, respectively, crystallization age 574 ± 3 Ma and negative εHf, which suggest a granite relationship with deformational event D2 and supporting a magmatic crustal sources with subordinate mantle component.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519400.v1
title: Petrology of Chasqueiro Granite, Arroio Grande region, Southeastern Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield

description: ABSTRACT: Chasqueiro Granite comprises an 400 km2 N50ºE- trend elongated body located at the southernmost portion of the eastern Sul-Rio-Grandense Shield. It consists of monzo to syenogranite, light gray and leucocratic porphyritic texture with megacrystals K-feldspar in a coarse equigranular hypidiomorphic matrix, composed of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, hornblende, opaque minerals and accessories. The modal megacrystals reach proportions between 30.0 and 60.0%, and range from 4 to 8 cm, with mafic minerals of the matrix showing a subvertical magmatic foliation and a tectonic foliation prominent in the borders marked by intense ductile deformation and protomylonite generation. Another important aspect of the Granite Chasqueiro is the obiquitous presence of microgranular mafic enclaves of dioritic composition in the granite, having different shapes and sizes. The Chasqueiro Granite is high-K calc alkaline, metaluminous to slightly peraluminous and characterized by a narrow SiO2 variation, with characteristic signature of granites generated in post-collisional tectonic setting. Geochronological analyzes obtained by the U-Pb method (LA-ICP-MS) and isotope geochemistry of Lu-Hf zircon data (LA-ICP-MS) presenting, respectively, crystallization age 574 ± 3 Ma and negative εHf, which suggest a granite relationship with deformational event D2 and supporting a magmatic crustal sources with subordinate mantle component.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7517036.v1
title: Geochemistry of the Serra das Melancias Pluton in the Serra da Aldeia Suite: a classic post-collisional high Ba-Sr granite in The Riacho do Pontal Fold Belt, NE Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The Serra da Aldeia Suite is composed by circular or oval-shaped plutons, intrusive in meta-sedimentary and meta-volcanosedimentary rocks in the Riacho do Pontal Fold Belt, NE Brazil. The Serra das Melancias Pluton, belonging to Serra da Aldeia Suite, is located southeastern of Piaui state, near Paulistana city. These plutons represent a major magmatic expression in this area and contain important information about the late magmatic/collisional geologic evolution of the Brasiliano Orogeny. Based on petrographic and geochemical data, three facies were defined in the Serra das Melancias Pluton: granites, syenites and quartz monzonites. The rocks display high-K and alkaline to shoshonitic affinities, are metaluminous and show ferrous character. They are enriched in Light Rare Earth Elements and Large Ion Lithophile Elements, with negative anomalies in Nb, Ta and Ti. Their high Ba, Sr, K/Rb, low Rb, relatively low U, Th, Nb to very low Heavy Rare Earth Elements and Y resemble those of typical high Ba-Sr granitoids. The geochemical data suggest the emplacement of Serra das Melancias Pluton in a transitional, late to post-orogenic setting in the Riacho do Pontal Fold Belt during the late Brasiliano-Pan African Orogeny.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7517036
title: Geochemistry of the Serra das Melancias Pluton in the Serra da Aldeia Suite: a classic post-collisional high Ba-Sr granite in The Riacho do Pontal Fold Belt, NE Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The Serra da Aldeia Suite is composed by circular or oval-shaped plutons, intrusive in meta-sedimentary and meta-volcanosedimentary rocks in the Riacho do Pontal Fold Belt, NE Brazil. The Serra das Melancias Pluton, belonging to Serra da Aldeia Suite, is located southeastern of Piaui state, near Paulistana city. These plutons represent a major magmatic expression in this area and contain important information about the late magmatic/collisional geologic evolution of the Brasiliano Orogeny. Based on petrographic and geochemical data, three facies were defined in the Serra das Melancias Pluton: granites, syenites and quartz monzonites. The rocks display high-K and alkaline to shoshonitic affinities, are metaluminous and show ferrous character. They are enriched in Light Rare Earth Elements and Large Ion Lithophile Elements, with negative anomalies in Nb, Ta and Ti. Their high Ba, Sr, K/Rb, low Rb, relatively low U, Th, Nb to very low Heavy Rare Earth Elements and Y resemble those of typical high Ba-Sr granitoids. The geochemical data suggest the emplacement of Serra das Melancias Pluton in a transitional, late to post-orogenic setting in the Riacho do Pontal Fold Belt during the late Brasiliano-Pan African Orogeny.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7519451
title: Age, provenance and tectonic setting of the high-grade Jequitinhonha Complex, Araçuaí Orogen, eastern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT: The Jequitinhonha Complex of the northeastern Araçuaí orogen is an extensive sedimentary unit metamorphosed in the amphibolite-granulite facies transition around 580-545 Ma. The unit consists of Al-rich (kinzigitic) paragneisses with decametric intercalations of graphite gneisses and quartzites, and centimetric to metric lenses of calcsilicate rocks. A new detrital zircon U-Pb age spectrum is reported for a sample of quartzite, and whole-rock geochemical (major and trace elements, 9 samples) and Sm-Nd isotope data (10 samples) for Jequitinhonha Complex paragneiss. Together with published data these show that: (1) the geochemistry of paragneiss samples of the Jequitinhonha Complex are similar to those of passive margin sedimentary protoliths; (2) detrital zircon data yield U-Pb age populations between ca. 0.9 and 2.5 Ga; and (3) Sm-Nd TDM model ages range from 1.6 to 1.8 Ga and εNd(575 Ma) around -7.5. The data reveal a mixture of Cryogenian to Mesoproterozoic rift-related igneous rocks with the Palaeoproterozoic-Archaean basement rocks of the São Francisco-Congo palaeocontinent as the main source areas, and also support the correlation between the Jequitinhonha Complex and the passive margin units of the upper Macaúbas Group, constituting the precursor basin of the orogen. Our results, with the absence of ophiolites in the Jequitinhonha Complex, reinforce the interpretation that the São Francisco-Congo palaeocontinent was not divided to the north of the focused region, suggesting an ensialic termination of a gulf during the Neoproterozoic.