cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24966171
title: A review of the carbon sequestration potential of fruit trees and their implications for climate change mitigation: The case of Ethiopia

description: Carbon sequestration is defined as the process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Fruit crops are indispensable both for climate change mitigation and ensuring food security. However, the impact of fruit trees is not adequately investigated. This review assesses the carbon sequestration potential of fruit trees and their implications for climate change mitigation. Fruit trees use photosynthesis to absorb <i>CO</i><sub><i>2</i></sub> from the atmosphere and assimilate it into their cellulose, lowering atmospheric buildup. Horn of Africa is the most vulnerable region for climate change, and Ethiopia is also facing unpredictable weather, which brings sporadic floods and droughts that harm the agricultural sectors. Dramatic rise of <i>CO</i><sub><i>2</i></sub> from 280 ppm in 1850 to 420.2 ± 0.5 ppm in 2023 is reported to link with human activity. In most Ethiopian farms, multipurpose fruit trees are rarely cultivated, and the only experience is planting trees in the homestead areas. Even though fruit trees have an enormous potential to store carbon, the destruction of those trees is also results greenhouse gas. Tree plants, including fruit trees, are thought to absorb 0.42 to 0.65 pentagrams of carbon per year. Above- and below-ground biomasses have been described to sink more than 40% of carbon. Agroforestry practices should adopt all fruit species on the basis of carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation in their growing stratum. Therefore, in order to oblige countries to adopt versatile fruit trees to meet food and nutrition security, carbon sequestration, and climate change mitigation efforts should have both political and economic sustainability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.24966171.v1
title: A review of the carbon sequestration potential of fruit trees and their implications for climate change mitigation: The case of Ethiopia

description: Carbon sequestration is defined as the process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide. Fruit crops are indispensable both for climate change mitigation and ensuring food security. However, the impact of fruit trees is not adequately investigated. This review assesses the carbon sequestration potential of fruit trees and their implications for climate change mitigation. Fruit trees use photosynthesis to absorb <i>CO</i><sub><i>2</i></sub> from the atmosphere and assimilate it into their cellulose, lowering atmospheric buildup. Horn of Africa is the most vulnerable region for climate change, and Ethiopia is also facing unpredictable weather, which brings sporadic floods and droughts that harm the agricultural sectors. Dramatic rise of <i>CO</i><sub><i>2</i></sub> from 280 ppm in 1850 to 420.2 ± 0.5 ppm in 2023 is reported to link with human activity. In most Ethiopian farms, multipurpose fruit trees are rarely cultivated, and the only experience is planting trees in the homestead areas. Even though fruit trees have an enormous potential to store carbon, the destruction of those trees is also results greenhouse gas. Tree plants, including fruit trees, are thought to absorb 0.42 to 0.65 pentagrams of carbon per year. Above- and below-ground biomasses have been described to sink more than 40% of carbon. Agroforestry practices should adopt all fruit species on the basis of carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation in their growing stratum. Therefore, in order to oblige countries to adopt versatile fruit trees to meet food and nutrition security, carbon sequestration, and climate change mitigation efforts should have both political and economic sustainability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27108321
title: Health risk assessment and comparative study on heavy metal levels in indigenous cereal-legume blends (CLBs) on Ghanaian markets

description: The safety of processed grains and pulses is of health concern so far as heavy metal pollution is concerned. Despite the numerous nutritional benefits sourced from the consumption of cereals and legumes, its heavy metal pollution cannot be overlooked, since it causes adverse health effects. This study sought to measure then compare Cd, Fe, Pb and Ni levels in the various blend classifications, again compare measured levels to heavy metal specifications by regulatory bodies and then determine health risks associated with contamination by these metals. Fifteen samples grouped under three classifications were wet digested using a triacid combination of HNO<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and HClO<sub>4</sub>, then analysed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). In all samples, levels of heavy metals were detectable. Measured levels ranged from 1.90 to 3.96, 25.74 to 216.78, 0.16 to 0.40 and 0.07 to 0.40 all in mg kg<sup>−1</sup> for Cd, Fe, Pb and Ni respectively. EC and China’s maximum limit for Cd was exceeded by all 15 samples. Samples exceeded EC’s maximum limit for Pb, where as 86.67% of samples exceeded that set by China. Consumption of cereal-legume blends contaminated by these heavy metals may pose potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks in this study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27187899.v1
title: Extraction of bioactive phytochemicals on Berlin banana flower (<i>Musa acuminate</i> AA.) using continuous system-designed ultrasound machine

description: Berlin banana flower (<i>Musa acuminate</i> AA.) was widely found in Indonesia, it is believed to contain rich bioactive phytochemical constituents. A novel prototype, a continuous system-designed ultrasound machine (CDUM), was utilized to extract the constituents of the Berlin banana flower. Extraction was done for three parts of the Berlin banana flower (inner bud, outer bud, and male flower), for each 15 min, working the solvent in different polarities (distilled water, ethanol 100%, and ethanol 50%). CDUM was equipped with a novel element namely a double-jacket chiller to hold stable temperature (≤ 30 °C) for running time. Results, the highest extract yields of all extracted Berlin banana flower parts (13.80 ± 0.16% - 15.33 ± 0.18%) was generated by the ethanol 50%. However, the extract yield average of each part was equal. By the best solvent, the male flower part extract had the highest antioxidant capacity (47.13 ± 0.72%). Bioactive phytochemical classes i.e. phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, amino acid derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, organic sulfur-containing compounds, and saponins were contained in the extracts of different Berlin banana flower parts. The richest phenolics (12 compounds) were present in the male flower part extract., mainly gallic acid, caffeic acid, phenyllactic acid, 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid, 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid, and 2,5-di-tert-Butylhydroquinone, which are only contained in it. The CDUM extracted the Berlin banana flower more efficiently (high yield, low energy consumption) than the conventional technique.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27108321.v1
title: Health risk assessment and comparative study on heavy metal levels in indigenous cereal-legume blends (CLBs) on Ghanaian markets

description: The safety of processed grains and pulses is of health concern so far as heavy metal pollution is concerned. Despite the numerous nutritional benefits sourced from the consumption of cereals and legumes, its heavy metal pollution cannot be overlooked, since it causes adverse health effects. This study sought to measure then compare Cd, Fe, Pb and Ni levels in the various blend classifications, again compare measured levels to heavy metal specifications by regulatory bodies and then determine health risks associated with contamination by these metals. Fifteen samples grouped under three classifications were wet digested using a triacid combination of HNO<sub>3</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and HClO<sub>4</sub>, then analysed using an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). In all samples, levels of heavy metals were detectable. Measured levels ranged from 1.90 to 3.96, 25.74 to 216.78, 0.16 to 0.40 and 0.07 to 0.40 all in mg kg<sup>−1</sup> for Cd, Fe, Pb and Ni respectively. EC and China’s maximum limit for Cd was exceeded by all 15 samples. Samples exceeded EC’s maximum limit for Pb, where as 86.67% of samples exceeded that set by China. Consumption of cereal-legume blends contaminated by these heavy metals may pose potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks in this study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27187899
title: Extraction of bioactive phytochemicals on Berlin banana flower (<i>Musa acuminate</i> AA.) using continuous system-designed ultrasound machine

description: Berlin banana flower (<i>Musa acuminate</i> AA.) was widely found in Indonesia, it is believed to contain rich bioactive phytochemical constituents. A novel prototype, a continuous system-designed ultrasound machine (CDUM), was utilized to extract the constituents of the Berlin banana flower. Extraction was done for three parts of the Berlin banana flower (inner bud, outer bud, and male flower), for each 15 min, working the solvent in different polarities (distilled water, ethanol 100%, and ethanol 50%). CDUM was equipped with a novel element namely a double-jacket chiller to hold stable temperature (≤ 30 °C) for running time. Results, the highest extract yields of all extracted Berlin banana flower parts (13.80 ± 0.16% - 15.33 ± 0.18%) was generated by the ethanol 50%. However, the extract yield average of each part was equal. By the best solvent, the male flower part extract had the highest antioxidant capacity (47.13 ± 0.72%). Bioactive phytochemical classes i.e. phenolics, terpenoids, alkaloids, amino acid derivatives, fatty acid derivatives, organic sulfur-containing compounds, and saponins were contained in the extracts of different Berlin banana flower parts. The richest phenolics (12 compounds) were present in the male flower part extract., mainly gallic acid, caffeic acid, phenyllactic acid, 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid, 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid, and 2,5-di-tert-Butylhydroquinone, which are only contained in it. The CDUM extracted the Berlin banana flower more efficiently (high yield, low energy consumption) than the conventional technique.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28023454
title: Application of nanotechnology in animal nutrition: Bibliographic review

description: Nanotechnology is the science and engineering that involves designing, synthesizing, characterizing, and applying materials in devices and systems for nanometer-scale matter control. This review explores the application of nanotechnology in animal nutrition. Its applications in this field encompass the administration of nutrients, probiotics, and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases through drug delivery. Nanoparticles can be classified into inorganic (<i>nano-minerals</i>), organic (<i>proteins, fat</i>, and <i>sugar nanomolecules</i>), emulsions, dispersions, and nanoclays nanopolymers. The feeding of nanoparticles has demonstrated improvements in digestive efficiency, immunity, milk, meat, and egg quality. Nano-minerals offer low dose usage and improved bioavailability, making them an effective antibiotic alternative and can also be incorporated into natural feed ingredients. Enzyme nanoparticles are protein aggregates that show their unique properties (<i>optical, electrical</i>). Nanotechnology is utilized in feed processing to deliver nutrients to target organs through methods like encapsulation, chelating, packing, and nanotubes without altering taste or color. Nanoparticles could be prepared using nanotools in nanotechnique such as precipitation, emulsion cross-linking, spray-drying, emulsion-droplet coalescence, etc. Nanoparticle synthesis is performed by physical (<i>high-energy ball milling</i>, <i>vapor deposition</i>), chemical methods (<i>forming colloids</i>), and biological methods. Despite nanotechnology applications having potential contributions to simplify life and enhance the animal industry in feed, health, and production, the challenges in human, animal, and environmental issues are also stated as the side effects of the technology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28023454.v1
title: Application of nanotechnology in animal nutrition: Bibliographic review

description: Nanotechnology is the science and engineering that involves designing, synthesizing, characterizing, and applying materials in devices and systems for nanometer-scale matter control. This review explores the application of nanotechnology in animal nutrition. Its applications in this field encompass the administration of nutrients, probiotics, and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases through drug delivery. Nanoparticles can be classified into inorganic (<i>nano-minerals</i>), organic (<i>proteins, fat</i>, and <i>sugar nanomolecules</i>), emulsions, dispersions, and nanoclays nanopolymers. The feeding of nanoparticles has demonstrated improvements in digestive efficiency, immunity, milk, meat, and egg quality. Nano-minerals offer low dose usage and improved bioavailability, making them an effective antibiotic alternative and can also be incorporated into natural feed ingredients. Enzyme nanoparticles are protein aggregates that show their unique properties (<i>optical, electrical</i>). Nanotechnology is utilized in feed processing to deliver nutrients to target organs through methods like encapsulation, chelating, packing, and nanotubes without altering taste or color. Nanoparticles could be prepared using nanotools in nanotechnique such as precipitation, emulsion cross-linking, spray-drying, emulsion-droplet coalescence, etc. Nanoparticle synthesis is performed by physical (<i>high-energy ball milling</i>, <i>vapor deposition</i>), chemical methods (<i>forming colloids</i>), and biological methods. Despite nanotechnology applications having potential contributions to simplify life and enhance the animal industry in feed, health, and production, the challenges in human, animal, and environmental issues are also stated as the side effects of the technology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25187504
title: Exploratory study of growth performance of Harar, Ogaden, Arsi, and Jersey × Horro crossbred bulls fed corn silage based finishing diet

description: This exploratory study was conducted to determine the growth performance of bulls from Harar, Jersey<b>×</b>Horro crossbred, Arsi, and Ogaden cattle breeds fed a corn-silage based finishing diet. A total of 12 bulls, 3 from each breed, were used for the study. A completely randomized design (CRD) was implemented to assign experimental bulls in a breed factor arrangement of treatment. The results of the study revealed that the breed of cattle had a significant (<i>p</i><b> </b>&lt;<b> </b>0.05) influence on final body weight, change in body weight, and average daily weight gain (ADG). The ADG was higher (<i>p</i><b> </b>&lt; 0.05) for Harar (0.65 kg/day) and Ogaden (0.63 kg/day) breeds compared to Jersey<b>×</b>Horro crossbred (0.49 kg/day), and Arsi (0.49 kg/day) breed. The body weight was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and accurately predicted from Heart girth (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 94.07%) and body length (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 82.50%). From the study, it was concluded that finishing young Ogaden and Harar breeds using corn silage and concentrate can improve growth performance and economic benefit and have attained the weight demand for the export market.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25187504.v1
title: Exploratory study of growth performance of Harar, Ogaden, Arsi, and Jersey × Horro crossbred bulls fed corn silage based finishing diet

description: This exploratory study was conducted to determine the growth performance of bulls from Harar, Jersey<b>×</b>Horro crossbred, Arsi, and Ogaden cattle breeds fed a corn-silage based finishing diet. A total of 12 bulls, 3 from each breed, were used for the study. A completely randomized design (CRD) was implemented to assign experimental bulls in a breed factor arrangement of treatment. The results of the study revealed that the breed of cattle had a significant (<i>p</i><b> </b>&lt;<b> </b>0.05) influence on final body weight, change in body weight, and average daily weight gain (ADG). The ADG was higher (<i>p</i><b> </b>&lt; 0.05) for Harar (0.65 kg/day) and Ogaden (0.63 kg/day) breeds compared to Jersey<b>×</b>Horro crossbred (0.49 kg/day), and Arsi (0.49 kg/day) breed. The body weight was significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and accurately predicted from Heart girth (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 94.07%) and body length (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 82.50%). From the study, it was concluded that finishing young Ogaden and Harar breeds using corn silage and concentrate can improve growth performance and economic benefit and have attained the weight demand for the export market.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3606836_d10
title: Additional file 15: Table S13. of A genome-wide BAC-end sequence survey provides first insights into sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) genome composition

description: The 36 BESs matched to all the four sequenced genomes. (XLS 30 kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3606971_d1
title: MOESM1 of White adipose tissue reference network: a knowledge resource for exploring health-relevant relations

description: Supplementary material 1 (ZIP 5046Â kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26889493.v1
title: The effect of multicarbohydrase-phytase complex supplementation on the egg production performance, egg quality, and economics of laying hens

description: This study was conducted to assess the effects of the supplementation of a multicarbohydrase-phytase complex (MCP) which contains xylanase, glucanase, arabinofuranosidase, and superdose phytase, and a combination of a xylanase-glucanase and a phytase (XGP) products in a corn-soybean diet with reduced apparent metabolizable energy (AME), digestible amino acids (DAA), and minerals (calcium and phosphorus) on egg production performance, egg quality, and economics of laying hens. Dekalb White layers (<i>n</i> = 480, BW = 1.56 ± 0.03 kg, 42 weeks old) with a mean hen-day egg production rate of 91.43 ± 1.31% were assigned to four diets with 15 replicates of eight layers per group: standard layer diet (SLD), low-density diet 1-(LD1, SLD less 65 kcal/kg AME, 2% DAA, 0.20% Ca, and 0.15% P) + MCP (0.01%), low-density diet 2-(LD2, SLD less 85 kcal/kg AME, 4% DAA, 0.20% Ca, and P) + MCP (0.01%), and LD2 + XGP (0.01% XG and 0.015% P). Diets supplemented with MCP and XGP had comparable production and egg quality to SLD. The LD1 + MCP, LD2 + MCP, and LD2 + XGP had a poor feed conversion ratio (FCR) and a higher mean daily feed intake (FI) than SLD. Eggshells were thicker for LD1 + MCP and LD2 + MCP than SLD and LD2 + XGP from 58 to 61 weeks of age. The income over feed cost (IOFC) was similar among layers fed the test diets. The findings indicated that enzyme supplementation compensated satisfactorily for the reduced amount of DAA and minerals in the diet. Reduction of 65–85 kcal/kg AME caused an adverse effect on FCR and FI of layers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3606977_d2
title: Additional file 2 of The influence of societal individualism on a century of tobacco use: modelling the prevalence of smoking

description: Smoking prevalence and tobacco consumption data. CSV file containing four columns: country number as it appears in Table A.1 of the Additional file 1, year (t), measurement (x(t) or c(t)), and type of measurement (0 indicates a smoking prevalence measurement, while 1 indicates a cigarette consumption measurement). (CSV 35 kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3606977_d3
title: Additional file 3 of The influence of societal individualism on a century of tobacco use: modelling the prevalence of smoking

description: Proxy data: articles published on the health effects of smoking. CSV which contains three columns: year (t), number of articles published in year t, and cumulative number of articles published up to and including year t (n(t)). (CSV 1 kb)
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27084060
title: Unlocking the potential of shellfish biomass: refining protein extraction from Baltic blue mussels for sustainable food applications

description: Exploiting the underutilised biomass of the Baltic Blue Mussel, <i>Mytilus edulis</i> and <i>Mytilus trossulus</i> hybrid offers a promising avenue for strengthening the economic potential of aquaculture in the Baltic Sea region. This study describes the optimisation of a novel meat extraction technique to address the unique low salinity challenges of the region. The method involves a sequence of procedures, initiated by thawing and desalting via freshwater rinsing to reduce salt content, followed by mechanical disruption. The decantation stages were carefully designed, including the use of citric acid to neutralise off-flavours, thereby improving the sensory profile of the product—a critical determinant of consumer acceptance. Process refinement resulted in a significant increase in meat extraction from an initial 7.62 to 12.06%, with autumn harvests proving superior in both quantity and sensory quality. Further processing steps, including stirring, boiling, centrifugation, and iterative drying, calibrated the moisture content and produced a highly pure, fine, and homogeneous mussel powder. This comprehensive approach highlights the potential for a scalable, efficient, and economically viable extraction method that could make a significant contribution to the regional seafood industry. The new method developed will allow us to get more meat out of small Baltic blue mussels and reduce the muddy taste. It could make mussel farming more profitable in places where it has been difficult before.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27084060.v1
title: Unlocking the potential of shellfish biomass: refining protein extraction from Baltic blue mussels for sustainable food applications

description: Exploiting the underutilised biomass of the Baltic Blue Mussel, <i>Mytilus edulis</i> and <i>Mytilus trossulus</i> hybrid offers a promising avenue for strengthening the economic potential of aquaculture in the Baltic Sea region. This study describes the optimisation of a novel meat extraction technique to address the unique low salinity challenges of the region. The method involves a sequence of procedures, initiated by thawing and desalting via freshwater rinsing to reduce salt content, followed by mechanical disruption. The decantation stages were carefully designed, including the use of citric acid to neutralise off-flavours, thereby improving the sensory profile of the product—a critical determinant of consumer acceptance. Process refinement resulted in a significant increase in meat extraction from an initial 7.62 to 12.06%, with autumn harvests proving superior in both quantity and sensory quality. Further processing steps, including stirring, boiling, centrifugation, and iterative drying, calibrated the moisture content and produced a highly pure, fine, and homogeneous mussel powder. This comprehensive approach highlights the potential for a scalable, efficient, and economically viable extraction method that could make a significant contribution to the regional seafood industry. The new method developed will allow us to get more meat out of small Baltic blue mussels and reduce the muddy taste. It could make mussel farming more profitable in places where it has been difficult before.