DOI: 10.5061/dryad.s7h44j1mm
title: Data from: Parasitism of urban bumble bees influenced by pollinator taxonomic richness, local garden management, and surrounding impervious cover

description: As urban areas continue to expand globally, animal biodiversity is likely
 to experience altered habitat conditions, resource levels, and pathogen
 dynamics, with critical implications for insect pollinators. Specifically,
 local and regional land management may impact pollinator infectious
 disease prevalence, and this may be particularly relevant in urban garden
 systems where local food production depends on crop pollination. Further,
 because multi-host parasites can be spread across insect pollinator
 communities with varying impacts on host species, changes in pollinator
 community composition can lead to ‘amplification’ or ‘dilution’ effects,
 whereby increases in pollinator diversity could lead to higher or lower
 rates of parasitism, respectively. In this study, we investigate how urban
 garden management and regional landscape composition structure disease
 dynamics for a critical native pollinator, the bumble bee Bombus
 vosnesenskii. Parasite prevalence in our gardens was low in Nosema ceranae
 (1.06%) and Nosema bombi (1.06%), and Crithidia expoekii (0.5%), while we
 observed higher prevalence of Crithidia bombi (18%) and Apicystis bombi
 (6.4%). We found that gardens with higher pollinator taxonomic richness
 had significantly lower prevalence of Apicystis bombi in B. vosnesenskii
 hosts, providing evidence for the dilution effect. We also found that the
 prevalence of the parasite Crithidia bombi was significantly higher in
 gardens with higher mulch use and in gardens surrounded by greater
 proportions of impervious urban cover. Overall, we document a wide range
 of stressors facing urban bees, and show that parasitism is mediated by
 local ground management, regional land use, and pollinator community
 composition.
description: # Data from: Parasitism of urban bumble bees influenced by pollinator
 taxonomic richness, local garden management, and surrounding impervious
 cover Description of the data file:
 `Ivers_etal_2022_UECO_1211_dataset.xlsx` ## Variables: * ID - unique
 identifier for individual samples * Infection - overall status of
 infection, presence of any parasite = 1, absence = 0 * Apicystis_A.bombi -
 Detection of Apicystis bombi; presence = 1, absence = 0 * Microsporidia -
 Detection of any microsporidian; presence = 1, absence = 0 * Trypanosomes
 - Detection of any trypanosome; presence = 1, absence = 0 *
 Trypanosomes_C.bombi - Detection of Crithidia bombi; presence = 1, absence
 = 0 * Garden = Unique site ID * County = Regional site information *
 NumBees - Total bee abundance from transect surveys * NumBeeSpp - bee
 species richness from transect surveys * NumPolls - Total pollinator
 abundance from transect surveys * NumPollSpp - pollinator species richness
 from transect surveys * NumFlowers - Total flower abundance in transect
 surveys * NumFlowerSpp - Flower species richness in transect surveys *
 Bare1m - proportion of bare cover in ground cover surveys * Mulch1m -
 proportion of mulch cover in ground cover surveys * Natural 2km -
 proportion of semi-natural habitat within 2km of study site * Urban2km -
 proportion of impervious cover within 2km of study site