DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6t85v
title: Data from: Differential migratory timing of western populations of Wilson’s Warblers revealed by mitochondrial DNA and stable isotopes

description: Molecular markers and stable isotopes have provided important insights
 into the migratory connectivity of small landbirds. Research integrating
 these two methods has primarily focused on linking breeding and wintering
 sites, rather than focusing on timing of migratory movement of different
 breeding populations. We used mitochondrial DNA and isotopic markers to
 infer the timing of various breeding populations of migrating
 Wilson's Warblers (Cardellina pusilla) moving through a migratory
 stopover site, demonstrating the value of multiple sources of information
 in estimating the origin of migrants. Using mixed-stock analysis, we found
 that early spring migrants sampled in southwestern Arizona were dominated
 by warblers migrating to the West Coast of the contiguous United States,
 whereas later migrants included a large pulse of birds migrating to Alaska
 and western Canadian provinces. Stable hydrogen isotope data from
 individual birds showed the same timing pattern as genetic data. Had we
 used stable isotopes alone, we would not have been able to infer whether
 birds later in the migration season were most likely migrating to Alaska
 or the Interior West, given the large overlap in isotope values between
 those regions. The lack of mitochondrial group 2, common in the Interior
 West, in late-season migrants strongly suggests that these birds were
 migrating to breeding areas in Alaska or other northern regions. Studies
 that reveal the timing of migration of different breeding populations
 through stopover sites lay the foundation for more in-depth examination of
 seasonal interactions between migration and the stationary phases of the
 annual cycle.
description: Isotopes and mtDNA
 groups of 2009 ASY male Wilson's WarblersThis file summarizes
 data from the 2009 ASY male Wilson's Warblers at Cibola NWR, Arizona.
 The columns show the date each bird was temporarily caught
 ("Date", in year-month-day format), the blood sample
 identification number ("Blood_ID"), the feather identification
 number ("Feather_ID"), the band number ("BandNo"), the
 feather stable hydrogen isotope ratio in delta (δ) notation
 ("dDx"), and the mtDNA restriction digest group
 ("mtDNA_group"). See Paxton et al. (2013, The Auk) for
 details.ASY
 males 2009.txtIsotopes and mtDNA
 groups of 2008 ASY male Wilson's WarblersThis file summarizes
 data from the 2008 ASY male Wilson's Warblers at Cibola NWR, Arizona.
 The columns show the date each bird was temporarily caught
 ("Date", in year-month-day format), the blood sample
 identification number ("Blood_ID"), the feather identification
 number ("Feather_ID"), the band number ("BandNo"), the
 feather stable hydrogen isotope ratio in delta (δ) notation
 ("dDx"), and the mtDNA restriction digest group
 ("mtDNA_group"). See Paxton et al. (2013, The Auk) for
 details.ASY
 males 2008.txtmtDNA control region
 sequences from Kimura et al. (2002)This file contains
 Wilson's Warbler mtDNA control region haplotype sequences produced
 and summarized by Kimura et al. (2002; Molecular Ecology), with haplotype
 names corresponding to those in Figure 2 of that paper. The sequences were
 sent by Mari Kimura to Darren Irwin, who has uploaded them here, with the
 approval of Mari Kimura and Tom Smith. They are in FASTA format. Please
 cite the original paper (Kimura et al. 2002) as the source of this
 information.Kimura_et_al_2002_WIWA_mtDNA_CR_seqs.txtmtDNA haplotype distribution in the breeding rangeThis file contains a table showing mtDNA control region haplotype distributions at 13 breeding sites of Wilson's Warblers. The data was produced and summarized by Kimura et al. (2002; Molecular Ecology), with haplotype names corresponding to those in Figure 2 of that paper, but the raw data has not previously been presented. This table was produced by Darren Irwin by combining data sources provided by Mari Kimura, Tom Smith, and colleagues. Kimura provided a table of distributions of haplotypes shared by two or more sampling sites, and this was combined with information on the frequency of haplotypes occuring at single locations as inferred from Fig. 2 of Kimura et al. (2002). The table shows mitochondrial control region haplotype names, their restriction digest cutting patterns, their digest group names, and the numbers of birds with each haplotype sampled at each of 13 sites sampled by Kimura et al. (2002). This information has been provided here with the permission of Mari Kimura and Tom Smith, and Kimura et al. (2002) should be cited as the original source.Kimura_et_al_2002_WIWA_mtDNA_hap_distribution.txt