cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026176
title: INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOLERANCE OF PEPPER SPECIES TO SALINITY STRESS

description: ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main causes of crop yield decline in arid and semi-arid regions, requiring the use of tolerant species that allow cultivation in these areas. The objective of this study was to determine the emergence, initial growth and tolerance of pepper species irrigated with saline waters. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), with a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, using four replicates of 30 seeds each. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, involving five irrigation water salinity levels (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and three species of pepper [E1 - Capsicum annuum (“Doce Comprida”); E2 - Capsicum frutescens (“Malagueta”); E3 - Capsicum chinense (“De Bico”)]. Pepper seedlings were grown in trays of 30 cells with a capacity of 0.1 dm3 of substrate. During the first 30 days after sowing, seedlings were monitored for emergence, initial growth and dry matter accumulation. As the salinity of the irrigation water increased, there was a reduction in the emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation of C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense peppers. These species tolerate saline waters of up to 1.78, 2.71 and 1.55 dS m-1 respectively, in the initial development phase, with C. frutescens being the most tolerant to saline stress, and C. chinense the most sensitive.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026176.v1
title: INITIAL DEVELOPMENT AND TOLERANCE OF PEPPER SPECIES TO SALINITY STRESS

description: ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the main causes of crop yield decline in arid and semi-arid regions, requiring the use of tolerant species that allow cultivation in these areas. The objective of this study was to determine the emergence, initial growth and tolerance of pepper species irrigated with saline waters. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment (greenhouse), with a 5 x 3 factorial scheme, using four replicates of 30 seeds each. The experimental design was a completely randomized design, involving five irrigation water salinity levels (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 dS m-1) and three species of pepper [E1 - Capsicum annuum (“Doce Comprida”); E2 - Capsicum frutescens (“Malagueta”); E3 - Capsicum chinense (“De Bico”)]. Pepper seedlings were grown in trays of 30 cells with a capacity of 0.1 dm3 of substrate. During the first 30 days after sowing, seedlings were monitored for emergence, initial growth and dry matter accumulation. As the salinity of the irrigation water increased, there was a reduction in the emergence, growth and phytomass accumulation of C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense peppers. These species tolerate saline waters of up to 1.78, 2.71 and 1.55 dS m-1 respectively, in the initial development phase, with C. frutescens being the most tolerant to saline stress, and C. chinense the most sensitive.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026461
title: GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG COWPEA GENOTYPES BY MORPHOAGRONOMIC TRAITS

description: ABSTRACT Cowpea has great socioeconomic importance, especially in the North and Northeast of Brazil, and its genetic improvement has become increasingly relevant. This study aimed to assess the genetic divergence among cowpea genotypes of the active germplasm bank of the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco to indicate the most divergent and productive as parents aiming at enriching its breeding program in this institution. The experiment was carried out at the experimental station of Itapirema, Goiana, PE, in a randomized block design with four replications. Thirty genotypes were used in the study, being two of them the controls (Miranda IPA 207 and Paulistinha). The parameters flowering, number of pods per peduncle, number of pods per plant, pod length, ten pod weight, grain index, number of grains in ten pods, hundred-grain weight, grain yield per hectare, plant habit, color of flowers, leaves, pods, and grains, and grain shape were assessed. Genetic divergence was observed among the cowpea genotypes. Pod length and weight, flowering, hundred-grain weight, and the number of pods per plant were the main contributors to genetic divergence. Crosses indicated to enable new gene combinations more favorable for cowpea are Pitiúba x Cabeçudo, Pitiúba x Manteiga, and Pitiúba x Costela de Vaca.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10025570
title: CAROTENE YIELD IN SWEET POTATO AFTER POTASSIUM AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILISER APPLICATION

description: ABSTRACT Sweet potato is one of the most important foods in the world. Among the different cultivated genotypes, it is worth highlighting those with orange pulp due to their ability to supply adequate amounts of provitamin A carotenoids to humans. This study evaluates the effect of potassium and phosphorus fertiliser application on carotenoid yield in sweet potatoes. Two experiments were carried out in São Luis City, Maranhão State, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomised block design, with six treatments for each of the studies (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1 K2O and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg ha-1 P2O5), with four replicates. Cultivar 'Beauregard' was used, which has high levels of carotenoids. Roots were harvested at 123 days after planting for both experiments. The following variables were evaluated: root fresh and dry weight, dry weight content, in addition to the yield and contents of total carotenoids, α-carotene, β-carotene, 13-cis β-carotene and 9-cis β-carotene. With the average data of the evaluated characteristics, we performed analysis of variance and polynomial regression analysis. Potassium rates influenced carotenoid yield in sweet potato roots, with the rates of 73 to 77 kg ha-1 K2O being recommended to maximise the production of total carotenoids, β-carotene, and α-carotene. Phosphorus, in turn, influenced only total carotenoids, and is recommended at the rate of 174.09 kg ha-1 P2O5 to maximise the production of these nutrients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10025570.v1
title: CAROTENE YIELD IN SWEET POTATO AFTER POTASSIUM AND PHOSPHORUS FERTILISER APPLICATION

description: ABSTRACT Sweet potato is one of the most important foods in the world. Among the different cultivated genotypes, it is worth highlighting those with orange pulp due to their ability to supply adequate amounts of provitamin A carotenoids to humans. This study evaluates the effect of potassium and phosphorus fertiliser application on carotenoid yield in sweet potatoes. Two experiments were carried out in São Luis City, Maranhão State, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomised block design, with six treatments for each of the studies (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1 K2O and 0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg ha-1 P2O5), with four replicates. Cultivar 'Beauregard' was used, which has high levels of carotenoids. Roots were harvested at 123 days after planting for both experiments. The following variables were evaluated: root fresh and dry weight, dry weight content, in addition to the yield and contents of total carotenoids, α-carotene, β-carotene, 13-cis β-carotene and 9-cis β-carotene. With the average data of the evaluated characteristics, we performed analysis of variance and polynomial regression analysis. Potassium rates influenced carotenoid yield in sweet potato roots, with the rates of 73 to 77 kg ha-1 K2O being recommended to maximise the production of total carotenoids, β-carotene, and α-carotene. Phosphorus, in turn, influenced only total carotenoids, and is recommended at the rate of 174.09 kg ha-1 P2O5 to maximise the production of these nutrients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10026461.v1
title: GENETIC DIVERGENCE AMONG COWPEA GENOTYPES BY MORPHOAGRONOMIC TRAITS

description: ABSTRACT Cowpea has great socioeconomic importance, especially in the North and Northeast of Brazil, and its genetic improvement has become increasingly relevant. This study aimed to assess the genetic divergence among cowpea genotypes of the active germplasm bank of the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco to indicate the most divergent and productive as parents aiming at enriching its breeding program in this institution. The experiment was carried out at the experimental station of Itapirema, Goiana, PE, in a randomized block design with four replications. Thirty genotypes were used in the study, being two of them the controls (Miranda IPA 207 and Paulistinha). The parameters flowering, number of pods per peduncle, number of pods per plant, pod length, ten pod weight, grain index, number of grains in ten pods, hundred-grain weight, grain yield per hectare, plant habit, color of flowers, leaves, pods, and grains, and grain shape were assessed. Genetic divergence was observed among the cowpea genotypes. Pod length and weight, flowering, hundred-grain weight, and the number of pods per plant were the main contributors to genetic divergence. Crosses indicated to enable new gene combinations more favorable for cowpea are Pitiúba x Cabeçudo, Pitiúba x Manteiga, and Pitiúba x Costela de Vaca.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756739
title: COATING SEEDS WITH SILICON ENHANCES THE CORN YIELD OF THE SECOND CROP

description: ABSTRACT The application of silicon is becoming popular in agriculture as an alternative for integrated crop management, owing to the diverse benefits resulting from the accumulation of silicon in grasses and the resultant resistance conferred in plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the application of silicon, via seed coating and leaf application, influences the production and yield components of maize in the second crop. The experimental design was divided into split plots, in which the plots were composed of phyllosilicate doses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g kg-1 of seeds) in the seed coatings and the subplots were composed of foliar applications of potassium silicate (1.0 L ha-1 in pre-dip and 15 days after). We evaluated the plant height, spike insertion height, spike and corncob diameter, number of rows per spike, number of grains per row, the mass of 100 grains, and productivity. The foliar application of potassium silicate had no effect on the yield and yield components of the corn crop. The use of phyllosilicate via seed coating increased the production components and yield of the second corn crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756739.v1
title: COATING SEEDS WITH SILICON ENHANCES THE CORN YIELD OF THE SECOND CROP

description: ABSTRACT The application of silicon is becoming popular in agriculture as an alternative for integrated crop management, owing to the diverse benefits resulting from the accumulation of silicon in grasses and the resultant resistance conferred in plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the application of silicon, via seed coating and leaf application, influences the production and yield components of maize in the second crop. The experimental design was divided into split plots, in which the plots were composed of phyllosilicate doses (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g kg-1 of seeds) in the seed coatings and the subplots were composed of foliar applications of potassium silicate (1.0 L ha-1 in pre-dip and 15 days after). We evaluated the plant height, spike insertion height, spike and corncob diameter, number of rows per spike, number of grains per row, the mass of 100 grains, and productivity. The foliar application of potassium silicate had no effect on the yield and yield components of the corn crop. The use of phyllosilicate via seed coating increased the production components and yield of the second corn crop.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756640.v1
title: AGRONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF MELON PRODUCED IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID REGION

description: ABSTRACT This study evaluates the agronomic and environmental performance of yellow melons produced in an experimental area in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, using conventional methods and alternative systems of cultivation based on the rotation of melons with green manure crops. Two types of alternative management systems were evaluated, spanning twelve treatments: i) tillage, with the incorporation of the green manure biomass into the soil via the subsequent planting of melons into that residue, and ii) no tillage, with the maintenance of the biomass on the soil surface with subsequent planting of melons. Agronomic performance was evaluated by statistical analysis of productivity, while environmental performance was evaluated by analyzing the carbon footprint, according to ISO 14067. Agronomic analysis showed that rotation of melons with maize and Brachiaria resulted in a higher yield of melons for export. Assessment of the carbon footprint of this system in relation to the conventional system showed that the rotation system presented a lower carbon footprint. A scenario analysis showed that the carbon footprint can be further reduced by 42.54%, if: i) production takes place in areas already cultivated for more than 20 years, ii) the amount of inorganic nitrogen applied is reduced by 50%, and iii) commercialization of melons begins in the United States. This study shows the importance of rotating melons with green manure crops to increase production in the semiarid region and reduce the carbon footprint of this fruit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756640
title: AGRONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF MELON PRODUCED IN THE BRAZILIAN SEMIARID REGION

description: ABSTRACT This study evaluates the agronomic and environmental performance of yellow melons produced in an experimental area in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, using conventional methods and alternative systems of cultivation based on the rotation of melons with green manure crops. Two types of alternative management systems were evaluated, spanning twelve treatments: i) tillage, with the incorporation of the green manure biomass into the soil via the subsequent planting of melons into that residue, and ii) no tillage, with the maintenance of the biomass on the soil surface with subsequent planting of melons. Agronomic performance was evaluated by statistical analysis of productivity, while environmental performance was evaluated by analyzing the carbon footprint, according to ISO 14067. Agronomic analysis showed that rotation of melons with maize and Brachiaria resulted in a higher yield of melons for export. Assessment of the carbon footprint of this system in relation to the conventional system showed that the rotation system presented a lower carbon footprint. A scenario analysis showed that the carbon footprint can be further reduced by 42.54%, if: i) production takes place in areas already cultivated for more than 20 years, ii) the amount of inorganic nitrogen applied is reduced by 50%, and iii) commercialization of melons begins in the United States. This study shows the importance of rotating melons with green manure crops to increase production in the semiarid region and reduce the carbon footprint of this fruit.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756709
title: YIELD OF INTERCROPPED LETTUCE AND CUCUMBER AS A FUNCTION OF POPULATION DENSITY AND CROPPING SEASON

description: ABSTRACT The possibility of increasing vegetable production per unit area is one of the advantages of the intercropping system. However, there is a lack of information about the effect of climatic factors and the management of different species on the viability of this production system. To this end, four experiments were carried out to evaluate the yield of intercropped lettuce and cucumber as a function of cropping season, cucumber population density, and lettuce transplanting time. Each experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with nine treatments arranged in a 2 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, corresponding to two cropping systems (intercropping and monoculture), four transplanting times of 'Lucy Brown' lettuce (0, 10, 20, and 30 days after cucumber transplanting), and 'Hokushin' cucumber monoculture. The experiments were carried out in two seasons (August to November and February to May) and with two cucumber population densities (1.1 and 2.2 plants m-2). Total and commercial cucumber yields were not influenced by the presence of lettuce. However, regardless of cropping season, the presence of cucumber affected lettuce yield, with later transplanting corresponding to greater negative impact. Lettuce intercropped with cucumber at a density of 2.2 plants m-2 and grown from February to May did not reach commercial quality. The greatest efficiency of lettuce and cucumber intercropping was obtained by transplanting the two species on the same day in August, with cucumber at a density of 1.1 plants m-2.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756709.v1
title: YIELD OF INTERCROPPED LETTUCE AND CUCUMBER AS A FUNCTION OF POPULATION DENSITY AND CROPPING SEASON

description: ABSTRACT The possibility of increasing vegetable production per unit area is one of the advantages of the intercropping system. However, there is a lack of information about the effect of climatic factors and the management of different species on the viability of this production system. To this end, four experiments were carried out to evaluate the yield of intercropped lettuce and cucumber as a function of cropping season, cucumber population density, and lettuce transplanting time. Each experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with nine treatments arranged in a 2 x 4 + 1 factorial scheme, corresponding to two cropping systems (intercropping and monoculture), four transplanting times of 'Lucy Brown' lettuce (0, 10, 20, and 30 days after cucumber transplanting), and 'Hokushin' cucumber monoculture. The experiments were carried out in two seasons (August to November and February to May) and with two cucumber population densities (1.1 and 2.2 plants m-2). Total and commercial cucumber yields were not influenced by the presence of lettuce. However, regardless of cropping season, the presence of cucumber affected lettuce yield, with later transplanting corresponding to greater negative impact. Lettuce intercropped with cucumber at a density of 2.2 plants m-2 and grown from February to May did not reach commercial quality. The greatest efficiency of lettuce and cucumber intercropping was obtained by transplanting the two species on the same day in August, with cucumber at a density of 1.1 plants m-2.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756865
title: WATERMELON INITIAL GROWTH UNDER DIFFERENT HYDROGEL CONCENTRATIONS AND SHADING CONDITIONS

description: ABSTRACT Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) belongs to the plant family Cucurbitaceae. It is cultivated in many regions of Brazil, particularly in rainfed areas; thus, it is subject to the problems arising from irregular rainfall. Hydrogel is a soil conditioner used to retain and provide water to plants for long periods of time. Therefore, incorporating hydrogel into the soil should increase water availability for watermelon cultivation, and may be an alternative method to reduce the risk of water deficit. This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of hydrogel on the initial growth of watermelon cv. 'Crimson Sweet' under different shading conditions. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with completely randomized design with a 4×3 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of four hydrogel doses (0.0; 1.5; 3.0; and 6.0 g L-1 substrate), three shading conditions (under full sun; black shade net, and red shade net, both with 50% shading), and five replicates per treatment. The variables evaluated were plant height; stem diameter; shoot, root, and total dry matter; and leaf area. The best hydrogel dose for watermelon cultivation was 1.5 g L-1, but the higher doses impaired plant growth, regardless of shading conditions. The black net improved biomass accumulation in 'Crimson Sweet' watermelon, whereas the red net induced plant etiolation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11756865.v1
title: WATERMELON INITIAL GROWTH UNDER DIFFERENT HYDROGEL CONCENTRATIONS AND SHADING CONDITIONS

description: ABSTRACT Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) belongs to the plant family Cucurbitaceae. It is cultivated in many regions of Brazil, particularly in rainfed areas; thus, it is subject to the problems arising from irregular rainfall. Hydrogel is a soil conditioner used to retain and provide water to plants for long periods of time. Therefore, incorporating hydrogel into the soil should increase water availability for watermelon cultivation, and may be an alternative method to reduce the risk of water deficit. This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of hydrogel on the initial growth of watermelon cv. 'Crimson Sweet' under different shading conditions. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with completely randomized design with a 4×3 factorial scheme. The treatments consisted of four hydrogel doses (0.0; 1.5; 3.0; and 6.0 g L-1 substrate), three shading conditions (under full sun; black shade net, and red shade net, both with 50% shading), and five replicates per treatment. The variables evaluated were plant height; stem diameter; shoot, root, and total dry matter; and leaf area. The best hydrogel dose for watermelon cultivation was 1.5 g L-1, but the higher doses impaired plant growth, regardless of shading conditions. The black net improved biomass accumulation in 'Crimson Sweet' watermelon, whereas the red net induced plant etiolation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11757072
title: TEST OF EXUDATE pH IN RICE SEEDS

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a pH test of the exudate (with and without tegument) as an indicator of the physiological quality of rice seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, with seven lots and four replications. The seven lots were assessed for water content and initial physiological quality by means of germination, first germination count, emergence, emergence speed index and tetrazolium tests. The pH test of the exudate was conducted with 100 seeds of each treatment, with tegument and without tegument. The seeds were individually soaked in 2.0 mL distilled water for different periods (20, 40, and 60 minutes) and three temperatures (20, 25, and 30 °C). The results were submitted to the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. The pH test of the exudate is a promising method to evaluate the physiological quality of rice seeds by detecting differences in vigor between marketable lots. This test should be conducted with rice seed without tegument, at 25 °C, with a soak time of 60 minutes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.11757072.v1
title: TEST OF EXUDATE pH IN RICE SEEDS

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a pH test of the exudate (with and without tegument) as an indicator of the physiological quality of rice seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, with seven lots and four replications. The seven lots were assessed for water content and initial physiological quality by means of germination, first germination count, emergence, emergence speed index and tetrazolium tests. The pH test of the exudate was conducted with 100 seeds of each treatment, with tegument and without tegument. The seeds were individually soaked in 2.0 mL distilled water for different periods (20, 40, and 60 minutes) and three temperatures (20, 25, and 30 °C). The results were submitted to the Scott Knott test at 5% probability. The pH test of the exudate is a promising method to evaluate the physiological quality of rice seeds by detecting differences in vigor between marketable lots. This test should be conducted with rice seed without tegument, at 25 °C, with a soak time of 60 minutes.