DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15857245
title: TABLE 2 in Description of two new species of sponges (Demospongiae, Porifera) from the Nazca Desventuradas Marine Park and overview on diversity and biogeography of poriferans in oceanic islands of the SE Pacific

description: TABLE 2. Characters, including measurements of spicules (in micrometers), images of species, geographic distribution and depth (in meters—m) of all known species of Hemimycale Burton, 1934.
SpeciesCharacters: ha. habit; th. thickness; su. surface; pf. porefields; os. oscula; ec. external color in life; ic. internal color in lifeImages of the speciesSpiculesDistribution/depthH. arabica Ilan, Gugel & van Soest, 2004ha. thinly encrusting to cushion-like; th. up to 25 mm thick; su. part in a reticulate appearance; pf. rather large and rounded or angular; os. on top of small short tubes (1–5 mm in diameter); ec. dark blue-black-green; ic. yellow-greenmodified from Youssef et al. (2015)straight strongyles, 200– 266 (±19)–290/2.5– 3.5 (±0.5)–4; straight to slightly curved styles, 190– 218 (±12)–250/3.5–4.7 (±0.5)–5Red Sea (Ras Um Sid and Eilat, last in the Gulf of Aqaba)/ 1.5–2H. ceadensis Huguenin, Salani, Lopes, Albano, Hajdu & Esteves, 2018ha. thinly to thickly encrusting; th. up to 3 mm thick; su. even and smooth; pf. with a narrow base and an enlarged flattened apex; os. vulcaniform, with a pronounced perioscular membrane (up to 1.6 in diamenter and 2.3 high); ec. and ic. reddish orangeraphides, 27–98SE Atlantic (SE Brazil, Rio de Janeiro)/ 12modified from Huguenin et al. (2018)H. columella (Bowerbank, 1874) sensu van Soest (2002b); type species of Hemimycaleha. thinly encrusting; th. several mm, ca. 50 mm thick; su. part in a reticulate appearance; pf. large and roundish; os. small short tubes, and scattered; ec. and ic. bright red to pale orange or pinkmucronate styles, straight to slightly curved strongyles to tylostrongyles, 330–465/2–8Mediterranean Sea (several localities); N and NE Atlantic/ in shallow watersmodified from Ackers et al. (1992)H. funchalensis Santin & Ribeiro, 2024ha. thinly encrusting; th. not described; su. smooth, with visible aquiferous channels; pf. conspicuous, barely elevated and with a well-defined rim; os. a few, slightly elevated; ec. and ic. dark greenStrongylotylote, mostly straight to slightly flexuous, 171.5–210.6/1.1– 2.5NE Atlantic (Madeira Island)/ 20modified from Santín et al. (2024)H. harlequinus Sim-Smith, Hickman & Kelly, 2021ha. thinly encrusting; th. ≤ 15 mm thick; su. densely covered by porefields; pf. trumpet-shaped and circular to irregular; os. single or septate cylindrical or volcano-shaped; ec. cream to pink to orange; ic. not describedstrongyles, occasionally faintly polytylote, with faint, subtylote tips, 184–332/2–8E Pacific (Galápagos Islands)/ 9–26sub/tylostyles, curved with a rounded head and a sharply pointed tip 181–376/4–11modified from Sim-Smith et al. (2021)H. insularis Moraes, 2011ha. thinly encrusting; th. 3 mm; su. part in a reticulate appearance; pf. variable dimensions; os. small short tubes, and scattered; ec. and ic. salmon-orangestraight to slightly curved strongyles, 225– 291 –325/2– 3 –5mid Atlantic (Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago)/ 1.5–40modified from Moraes (2011)H. mediterranea Uriz, Garate & Agell, 2017ha. thicken encrusting; th.>3 mm thick; su. part in a reticulate appearance; pf. large and roundish; os. small short tubes, and scattered; ec. and ic. flesh to brownishstraight nysostrongyles, 200– 296/3–4Mediterranean Sea (several localities)/ 15modified from Uriz et al. (2017)H. nathani Sim-Smith, Hickman & Kelly, 2021ha. very thinly encrusting; th. 1 mm thick; su. densely covered by porefields and translucent white aquiferous structures; pf. trumpet-shaped and circular; os. cylindrical and membranous; ec. orange to yellow; ic. not describedstrongyles, 164– 197 –241/1–3E Pacific (Galápagos Islands)/ 7–11modified from Sim-Smith et al. (2021)H. oxeata Huguenin, Salani, Lopes, Albano, Hajdu & Esteves, 2018ha. thinly to thickly encrusting; th. up to 3 mm thick; su. even, smooth, with conspicuous subdermal channels; pf. with a slightly elevated rim; os. with a pronounced perioscular membrane (up to 3.7 mm in diamenter); ec. and ic. orangestrongyles varying to subtylotes or subtylostrongyles, smooth, 198– 352/1–9 (tyle 2–9 width)SW Atlantic (Brazil: Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Santa Catarina)/ 4–15oxeas smooth, straigth, with mucronate or telescoped ends, 255–344/1–8modified from Huguenin et al. (2018)H. polyboletus Turner & Lonhart, 2023ha. encrusting; th. 2–30 mm thick; su. with abundant porefields; pf. areolated, on raised, mushroom–like papillae; os. scattered; ec and ic. yellow–orange or orange–pinkstyles, 211–298–351/2–9–15 NE Pacific (USA: subtylotes/strongyles, sinuous, California)/ intertidal to 24 223–267–312 × 3–8–11modified from Turner & Lonhart (2023)H. rhodus (Hentschel, 1929)ha. thinly encrusting (encrusting or lump sensu Koltun, 1959); th. <1 mm thick (up to 40 mm sensu Koltun, 1959); su. smooth, fairly easily detachable; pf. conical crater; os. cone-shaped “small short tuber”; ec. and ic. not describedstrongyles, 322–413; subtylostrongyles, 322–436/6–10Arctic Ocean: Barents Sea (E Spitzbergen, Svalbard), Kara Sea and Leptev Sea/ 51–95koltun (1959) mentions (aniso)strongyles to (aniso)subtylos trongyles, occasionally politylote.modified from Hentschel, (1929)H. topsenti (Burton, 1929), as Suberella topsenti in Topsent (1915), as Suberites montiniger Carterha. globular; th. 16 mm in diameter; su. smooth, with many lowered, unequal and irregularly distributed papillae; pf. circular shape os., ec. and ic. not describedunavailabletylotes, 322–400/8Burton (1929) [Antarctic (McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea)/ 91.5]Topsent (1915) [Burdwood Bank / 102.5]H. viridis (Keller, 1891) as Terpios viridis and Terpios viridis var. hyattiha. encrusting; th., not described; su., smooth and slimy pf. not described; os. severals (0.3 mm in diamenter), with sharp edges; ec. and ic. dark soft green or dark greyunavailablesubtylotes to styles, 200–220/1.6W Indian (Suakin, S Red Sea, and W coast of Madagascar)/ shallow water, on coral reefs[see revision in van Soest (2024)]H. smaragdina sp. nov.ha. thinly encrusting; th. up to 2 mm thick; su. part in a reticulate appearance; pf. small to large, roundish and irregular, with low borders; os. small short tubes (about 1–3 mm in diameter), and scattered; ec. and ic. emeraldgreensubtylotes to strongyles, straight to slightly curved, 114–205/1.8–3SE Pacific (San Ambrosio Island, Desventuradas Islands Archipelago)/ 20 m
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description: Published as part of Fernandez, Julio C. C., Zapata-Hernández, Germán, Sellanes, Javier & Hajdu, Eduardo, 2025, Description of two new species of sponges (Demospongiae, Porifera) from the Nazca Desventuradas Marine Park and overview on diversity and biogeography of poriferans in oceanic islands of the SE Pacific, pp. 312-316 in Zootaxa 5659 (3) on page 312, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15823083