cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2025
title: Gene cloning, expression and characterization of lipase from staphylococcus warneri

description: Lipases (triacylglycerol acylhydrolases, E.C. 3.1.1.3) are ubiquitous enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acid. Besides this, they are also efficient in various reactions such as esterification, transesterification and aminolysis in organic solvents. Therefore, these enzymes are nowadays extensively studied for their potential industrial applications. Lipases were found widely in nature, but only microbial lipases are commercially significant. However, natural microbial lipases cannot be sufficiently produced for the industrial applications. Utilizing gene technology, cloning of lipase gene is applied in order to produce large volume of lipase to explore suitable characteristic of lipase such as specificity, stability and application for industrial process. Therefore, the aim of this project is cloning lipase gene from lipase producing bacteria. Both biochemical and genetic tests confirmed that the lipase producing bacterium screened by Biofuel by Biocatalyst Research Unit is Staphylococcus warneri. The lipWY gene of S.warneri was cloned into the plasmid pET-17b producing recombinant plasmid, pET17b-lipWY. The open reading frame of lipWY was composed of 1,053 bp, which encoded 350 amino acids, but the pET17b-lipWY was not expression in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). A mature lipase gene (gehWA) from S. warneri was also cloned into the plasmid pET-28a producing recombinant plasmid, pET28a-gehWA. The mature gene was composed of 1,140 bp, encoding 379 amino acids. The plasmid was transformed and expressed in E.coli by induction with 0.1M IPTG at 18°C for 5 hr. The expressed recombinant lipase was purified by one step Ni-NTA affinity chromatography yielding 38 folds purity. The 40 kDa purified recombinant lipase was active at pH 8.5 and stable at pH range between pH 8.0-10.0. The lipase exhibited an optimum temperature of 30°C and stable at temperature below 30°C. The substrate specificity study showed that p-nitrophenyl butyrate is a preference of the enzyme. Recombinant lipase is diverse in its sensitivity to solvents but more stable in non-polar than polar organic solvents. The obtained lipase was shown to be activated by the metal ions Ca2+ whereas Zn2+, Hg2+, Ag+ and Co2+ inhibited the enzyme activity. In addition, inhibition was also observed with SDS, EDTA and Tween-80. The purified recombinant lipase could hydrolyze only emulsion of coconut oil as a substrate. However, no detectable fatty acid methyl ester was found in transesterification reaction. This gehWA lipase seems to be proper for application as a biocatalyst in food, pharmaceutical industries and for bioremediation of some pesticides
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2026
title: Purification, characterization and gene expression of α-glucosidase of giant honey bee apis dorsata

description: Apis dorsata (Giant honey bee) which is native to Thailand is the largest bee. Its honey is the most popular for consumers. α-glucosidase (AG) classified in E.C. 3.2.1.20 is an enzyme directly involved in honey processing. It hydrolyses 1, 2–α-glucosidic bond in sucrose of nectar to be monosaccharide, fructose and glucose, in honey. For the expression level of AG III in A. dorsata, total RNA was extracted from eggs, larvae, pupae, and foragers. By RT-PCR, the expression of AG III was the highest in foragers (114.24 ng), high in pupae (107.1 ng), low in eggs (71.4 ng), and the lowest in larvae (47.6 ng). The full length of ORF of cDNA was 1,704 bp and was deduced to be 567 amino acids. By BLASTn and BLASTp, the most similarity was found to the sequences of AG III in A. mellifera at 96%. Phylogenetic trees of amino acid sequence of AG were constructed by UPGMA and NJ. It showed its own evolutionary lineage of A. dorsata. AG from A. dorsata foragers (500 g) was purified. Crude enzyme (0.01 U/mg) was precipitated by ammonium sulfate at 95% saturation. After precipitation, specific activity of AG was found in both pellet (1.70 U/mg) and supernatant (1.34 U/mg). After DEAE cellulose column, specific activity of 0.004 and 3.95 U/mg were obtained from pellet and supernatant, respectively. For pellet, pooled positive unbound and bound fractions were further purified by Superdex 200 column. Specific activity of 0.09 U/mg was recovered. For supernatant, positive unbound and bound fractions were separately purified by Superdex 75 column. Specific activity of 0.11 and 0.26 U/mg were obtained, respectively. Partial purified AG was determined by SDS PAGE. The optimal conditions of partial purified AG were at pH 6.0, incubation temperature of 35℃, maltose concentration of 50 mM, and incubation time of 30 min
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2027
title: Method development for determination of alpha- and beta-arbutins in cosmetics by ultra performance liquid chromatography

description: Skin whitening products are now among the most desire cosmetic for beautycare customers. In the past, hydroquinone was used as a whitening agent but it was banned due to its severe effects to human skin. Since then, there have been other alternative whitening agents available in the market that included arbutins. Betaarbutin has been widely used since it is a natural product whereas alpha-arbutin is synthetic. Both are skin whitening active but alpha-arbutin offers higher stability and more efficiency, acts faster than beta-arbutin, so it is more expensive. For health consumer protection, it is necessary to develop a reliable method to assure that the cosmetic product contain such arbutin as it is claimed. This work aims to develop a method for simultaneous determination of alpha- and beta-arbutin in cosmetic products by using UPLC[superscript TM]. The method was developed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC[superscript TM] system with UV/VIS spectrometric detection at 283 nm. Several columns were investigated and gradient elution profile of 0.1% acetic acid and methanol as a mobile phase were optimized. The analysis time was less than 6 min. The linear working ranges of both arbutins were 2-30 mug/mL (R[superscript 2] =0.9999). The %recoveries of spiked synthetic cosmetics in various matrices (cream, lotion and gel) were between 98-102% with %RSD less than 0.6. Developed method offered better resolution, speed and sensitivity than a typical HPLC analysis method
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2028
title: Fractions of arsenic, copper, and chromium during aerobic composting process of chicken manure and CCA-treated wood

description: To evaluate the fractions of heavy metals during aerobic composting process of 4 piles, each comprising chicken manure and 4 different proportions of CCA-treated wood shavings (0%, 33%, 66%, and 100% dry weight of CCA-treated wood in the wood material added in the compost mix). Each pile was composted in a 1-cb.m wood box with passive aeration. The temperature at the central portion of each pile was measured daily while the compost characteristics and germination index using Brassica campertris var. chinensis were monitored on samples collected weekly. The changes in heavy metals based on Cu, Cr and As fractionations during aerobic composting process were determined by a sequential extraction procedure. After the maturity of compost reached, the mature compost were amended with soil in 1:2 ratios for planting the Brassica campertris var. chinensis for 45 days. The characterizations of plant and variation of heavy metals in soil and plant during 45 days of planting were investigated. The results showed that the microorganisms could degrade the organic matter in all compost piles even for the highest proportion of CCA-treated wood in the compost mixture. During the composting process, the variation patterns of temperature, pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total volatile solid and C/N ratio of four piles gradually decreased and were stable during the composting period of 95 to 140 days. The average values of those parameters of four piles were not significantly different. During composting, the pile with high CCA-treated wood portions had significantly lower values of GI. The concentrations of Cu, Cr and As increased with time of composting. The results of the sequential extraction showed that during the composting process, As was mainly redistributed into the mobile fraction, whereas Cu and Cr had an affinity for the stable fraction. After amending the compost with soil, the Cr and Cu were present in the less available forms for soil organisms and plants whereas As was mainly in the mobile phase, in which considered as the bioavailable element. These three metals found in plants were associated with water soluble form. The accumulations of Cu and Cr mostly were found in the root part whereas As mostly was found in the above-ground parts. The plant could grow without any effect in the soil amended compost containing 0 and 33% of CCA-treated wood. It could be concluded that the presence of CCA treated wood in the compost mix did not have any influence on the decomposition of organic matter in the composting process. However, the high proportion of CCA-treated wood in the compost mix could have an effect on the phytotoxicity. The maximum proportion of CCA-treated wood shaving used in the compost mixture without phytotoxicity effect was 33% of total wood shaving weight
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2029
title: Purification and characterization of lectin from the rizomes of curcuma longa linn.

description: A lectin was purified from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) by aqueous extraction, precipitation with 80% saturation ammonium sulfate, and affinity chromatography on ConA Sepharose with Methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside mediated elution. The enriched preparation had a specific activity of 64,566 HU/mg protein for a yield of 41.2% total protein. The molecular weight of this lectin was estimated by SDS-15% (w/v) PAGE to be 17.3 kDa. It has hemagglutinating activity against human blood group B, as well as rabbit, mouse, rat, guinea pig, geese and sheep erythrocytes, but no such activity was detected against human blood groups A, AB and O. The pH optimum of this lectin’s hemagglutination activity is between pH 6-7, and it is stable up to 40 degree of celcius but is totally inactivated after exposure to 70 degree of celcius for 30 min. The hemagglutination activity was stimulated by Ca[superscript 2+] and Mn[superscript 2+]at less than 50 mM, but not by Mg[superscript 2+], Fe[superscript 3+], Hg[superscript 2+], Co[superscript 2+] and EDTA. The amino acid sequence of an internal fragment of this purified C. longa rhizomal lectin had a similarity to the sequence of the phytohemagglutinin precursor from the plant legume lectin family. The purified C. longa lectin, at a concentration of 47 and 94 µg/0.3 cm[superscript 2] disc showed antifungal activity against Exserohilum turicicum, Fusarium oxysporum and Colectrotrichum cassiicola. The lowest to highest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 0.002, 0.005, 0.011, 0.09 and 0.046 mg/ml were obtained against the four bacterial species, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli, plus the yeast C. albicans, respectively, for the purified lectin preparation, along with a high alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC[subscript 50] of 8 µg/ml
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2030
title: The analysis of export potential of Thai ornamental fish industry in European market

description: Thai Ornamental Fish Industry is a business that has a constant growth rate. Comparing with other countries in exporting the product to EU, Thailand is still considered as a small supplier. The objective of this thesis is to analyze an export potential of Thai Ornamental fish business in European market. The study employs three economic methods: Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Value Chain Analysis, and SWOT analysis. Primary Data are obtained from in-depth interviews with various people in the ornamental fish industry. Secondary data used come from sources such as books, articles, magazines, and publications, while statistics and numbers depend on the information of the Department of Export promotion and the Department of Fisheries and compared with Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Singapore. The study finds out that Thai exporters work very well with the European importers. The strength of Thai exporters is the good source of product supply as Thailand is the best producer of ornamental fishes in Southeast Asia. The results shown that except for Philippines, other countries is both competitors and compliment in the same time. It also indicates that Thailand has a strong advantage over other Southeast Asian exporters in term of being a good producer. However, the government should keep document, law, up to date and support given to the industry. Traders who trade with the EU need to keep themselves alert by updating the new released documents all the time. If Thailand could keep itself up to date, it will be a great opportunity to a better achievement in the future
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-612
title: 144_P_1-22 unspecified

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-613
title: 144_P_1-23 pottery vessel

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-614
title: 181_P_1-1 pottery vessel

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-615
title: 181_P_1-2 pottery vessel

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-616
title: 181_P_1-3 spindle whorl

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-617
title: 181_P_1-4 spindle whorl

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-618
title: 181_P_1-5 pottery vessel

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-619
title: 181_P_1-6 cone

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/1-12-620
title: 181_P_1-7 pottery vessel

description: The Uruk-Warka Survey
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-2
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 3 - Äußerer Steinkreis, westliche Hälfte - von S nach N

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-3
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 3 - Äußerer Steinkreis, westliche Hälfte - von S nach N

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-4
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 3 - mittelgroßer Kurgan im NW und Kurgankrepis, westliche Hälfte von S nach N

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-5
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 3 - Krepis, westliche Hälfte von S nach N

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-6
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 3 - Krepis, große rote Steine; südlicher Bereich des Kurgans von O nach W

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-7
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 4 - von O nach W

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-8
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 4 - Transchee von S nach N

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.17171/2-13-120-9
title: Gräberfeld Turgen
title: Kurgan 4 - Steinkreis, nördlicher Bereich von O nach W

description: Photo of {invNr}
description: Pyramids of the Steppe / Kazakhstan, Land of Seven Rivers
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/k1fsfl/asknv5
title: Mau_Computed_Indicators_Data_2016-10-11.tab

description: Stata file for the calculated indicators
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/k1fsfl/bixlfd
title: Mau_Computed_Indicators_Data_2016-10-10.tab

description: Excel CSV file for the calculated indicators
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/k1fsfl/eg5n0y
title: Mau_Computed_Indicators_Data_2016-10-12.tab

description: SPSS data file for the household indicators.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/k1fsfl/pp7vl8
title: 1.Mau_Computed_Indicators_Data_2016-10-13.tab

description: SPSS data file for the household indicators.
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/k1fsfl/qnrmp1
title: 0.Disclaimer.pdf
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/k1fsfl/tgtr3z
title: Mau_Computed_Indicators_Data_2016-10-11.tab

description: Stata file for the calculated indicators
DOI: 10.34725/dvn/k1fsfl/wuobu5
title: 1.Mau_Computed_Indicators_Data_2016-10-11.tab

description: Stata file for the calculated indicators
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2031
title: Evaluation of cadmium contamination due to stream sediment transport in Mae Tao creek, Mae Sot district, Tak province

description: The Mae Tao subcatchment, the study area in this research, is known as the most worrisome site of cadmium contamination in Thailand. High cadmium levels in stream sediment are present, and this research concentrates on cadmium’s presence in stream sediment and its transport throughout Mae Tao Creek. The stream flow during storm events at 10 monitoring stations along Mae Tao Creek were surveyed, and the cadmium concentration and grain size distribution of stream sediment were quantified. The hydrodynamic results including water depth and water discharge were simulated using MIKE SHE coupled with MIKE 11, and stream sediment transport data were determined afterwards by the sediment transport module in MIKE 11. Finally, the sediment transport results and the measured cadmium concentration were calculated to evaluate the cadmium transport rate of stream sediment in the area. Nonetheless, due to the scarceness of supporting data, which can commonly occur in distributed model applications, the simulated results might still contain some degree of uncertainty and could be improved with more data collection. In conclusion, the spread of cadmium contamination due to sediment transport in the Mae Tao subcatchment mainly occurs during storm events. These storms intensify cadmium contamination problems not only in the area but also in conterminous areas
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2032
title: Seismic hazard assessment in Thailand using probabilistic and deterministic methods

description: In this study, the seismic hazards (SHA) in Thailand are analyzed. Fifty-five possible active fault zones identified from remote-sensing and out of those twenty-one seismic source zones are recognized to be the earthquake sources. The earthquake potential parameters used for SHA are derived from both active fault and earthquake catalogues. The strong ground-motion attenuation models are selected by comparison of the application of several candidate models with strong ground-motion data recorded in Thailand. Both deterministic (DSHA) and probabilistic (PSHA) approaches are employed in this SHA. For Thailand, there are seismic hazards in areas dominated by active fault zones such as northern, western, and southern Thailand. The DSHA map reveals seismic hazard around 0g-0.8g. In PSHA, the PGA values for 50 year in these areas are around 0.5g and 1g for 10% and 2% probability of exceedance, respectively. For Myanmar and Nicobar Islands the PSHA up to 3g in case of 2% probability of exceedance in 50 year according to the Sumatra-Andaman Subduction Zone. Comparing with the previous works the SHA of this study are higher than those proposed previously. However, this SHA compatible with the past ground shaking reported in the literatures. The SHA presented here is an important step toward an accurate evaluation of seismic hazard in Thailand. Further work is needed to refine the analysis. More observations of ground motion in the region are needed and further paleo-seismological study should be encouraged
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2033
title: Mixed oxides of Ca, Mg, and Zn as heterogeneous base catalysts for transesterification of palm kernel oil

description: To study the preparation of CaMgZn mixed oxides by co-precipitation. The mixed oxides were applied as a catalyst to transesterification of palm kernel oil with methanol. The parameters influencing the mixed oxide characteristics and transesterification performance were studied including metal composition (Ca:Mg:Zn), molar ratio of CO3 2- to metal ion, CO3 2- concentration, pH during precipitation, aging time, aging temperature, and calcination temperature. The results indicated that CaMgZn with the Ca:Mg:Zn molar ratio of 3:1:1, synthesized by using the molar ratio of CO3 2-/metal ion of 1.0, the CO3 2- concentration of 0.75 M, pH of 7, the aging temperature of 60℃, the aging time of 20 h and the calcination temperature of 800℃ for 2 h, exhibited the most active catalyst. The catalyst gave the highest methyl ester content of 98%. The suitable conditions for the transesterification of palm kernel oil were the amount of catalyst of 6 wt.%, the methanol/oil molar ratio of 20, the temperature of 60℃ and the reaction time of 3 h
DOI: 10.14457/cu.the.2009.2035
title: Preparation of activated carbons doped with iron oxide for removing phenol within pilot-scaled three-phase fluidized bed

description: Activated carbons doped with iron oxide were prepared for decomposition of aqueous phenol in three-phase fluidized bed reactor. The gas, liquid and solid phases in the reactor were ozone, aqueous phenol and Fe/activated carbon, respectively. Two types of activated carbon (AC-US and AC-TH) with average pore diameter of 2.3 and 1.7 nm and specific surface area of 1,060 and 1,154 m2/g, relatively were to use in this work. Based on laboratory-scaled investigation AC-TH was selected used in large-scaled experiments. 5 wt.% Fe on activated carbons were prepared by two techniques, namely wet impregnation (IMA) and incipient wetness impregnation (IMB). After impregnated and calcined at 500°C under nitrogen gas, 5%CAT-TH-A-500 could be prepared from IMA and 5%CAT-TH-B-500 form IMB. With 10 wt.% of Fe precursor, 10%CAT-TH-B-500 was prepared. With 5 wt.% of Fe precursor and calcined at 200°C under ambient air, 5%CAT-TH-B-200 was prepared. All activated carbons combined with ozone could provide detectable phenol and TOC removal efficiency. The sequence of phenol removal efficiency in a period of 60 minutes was as follows: 5%CAT-TH-B-500 + O3 (99%) = 5%CAT-TH-A-500 + O3 (99%) &gt; AC-TH + O3 (98%) &gt; 10%CAT-TH-B-500 + O3 (97%) &gt; 5%CAT-TH-B-200 + O3 (90%) &gt; only O3 (67%). The sequence of TOC removal efficiency at 360 min was as follows: AC-TH + O3 (92%) &gt; 5%CAT-TH-B-200 + O3 (81%) &gt; 5%CAT-TH-A-500 + O3 (71%) = 10%CAT-TH-B-500 + O3 (71%) &gt; 5%CAT-TH-B-500 + O3 (69%) &gt; only O3 (52%). However, AC-TH and 5%CAT-TH-B-200 could provide the hightest efficiency for TOC removal. In pilot-scaled three-phase fluidized bed reactor, the experiments were carried out using 200 L of 20 ppm aqueous phenol with AC-TH + O3 and 5%CAT-TH-B-200 + O3. It was found that 5%CAT-TH-B-200 exhibited with good stability even after repeated use in three consecutive runs (1,080 minutes) in pilot-scaled system. Usable lifetime of 18 hours could be verified from experiments using re-used activated carbon