DOI: 10.5061/dryad.47d7wm3pn
title: Data for: Age, sex, and temperature shape within- and among-individual space use in Black-capped Chickadees

description: Historically, spatial ecology studies have focused on average movement
 patterns within animal groups; however, recent studies highlight the value
 of considering movement decisions both within and among individuals. Using
 a marked population of Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus), we
 used the number of unique feeders an individual visits within our study
 area as a proxy for space use to assess the causes and consequences of
 within- and among-individual differences in chickadee space use. We found
 that as temperature decreased, the feeding rate increased. Females, but
 not males, increased the number of unique feeders used coincident with the
 temperature-related increase in feeding rates. This may be due to
 sex-related differences in dominance, where males which are the dominant
 sex in chickadees, have priority access to feeders, while females increase
 their foraging areas to meet higher energetic demand. We also found that
 independent of temperature, juvenile males used more unique feeders than
 adult males. We suggest that this may be due to age-specific benefits of
 space use in males, where un-paired juvenile males may increase feeder
 exploration to gain information about potential mates. Finally, although
 chickadees showed repeatable differences in space use throughout our
 study, we found no evidence that space use predicted annual survival.
 Overall, our results suggest that dominance hierarchies and individual
 energetics impact within- and among-individual variation in space use. We
 provide suggestions for future studies to enhance understanding of
 fitness-related consequences of within- and among-individual variation in
 space use.
description: # Data for: Age, sex, and temperature shape within- and among-individual
 space use in Black-capped Chickadees
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.47d7wm3pn](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.47d7wm3pn) ## Description of the data and file structure ## Data description This data was collected from January 9 to February 28, 2023 (inclusive). It contains feeder visit data from a marked population of Black-capped Chickadees (*Poecile atricapillus*). ### Files and variables #### File: data\_AllDates.csv **Description:** This file contains all data collected from January 9 to February 28, 2023 (inclusive), but excludes February 15 to February 23, 2023 (inclusive). ##### Variables * VisitDate: date of observation (YYYY-MM-DD) * TransponderHexCode: unique 10-digit hexadecimal PIT tag code * UniqueFeederCount: the number of unique feeders visited by the bird on the given VisitDate * AvgTemp: mean daily temperature in degrees Celcius * Temp_stnd: the standardized temperature used in the analysis. Temperature was standardized by dividing values by 2 standard deviations so that the estimated effect of temperature reflects the effect of 1 s.d. change in temperature (i.e., 5.74°C). * Sex: determined molecularly or by discriminant function score. Male or Female * AgeBin: the binned age of birds (0 = birds hatched in 2022, “juveniles”; 1 = birds hatched in 2021 or earlier, “adults”) * Age_Sex: a composite variable specifying the age (0 = juvenile or 1 = adult) and sex (male or female) of each individual, resulting in four levels (0Male, 0Female, 1Male, 1Female). * VisitCount: the number of visits the bird made to feeders throughout the study site on the given VisitDate (i.e., daily feeding rate). * Age: the minimum age of a bird with reference to their hatch year. The birds present in our study ranged in minimum age from 0 years (i.e., hatched in spring 2022) to 6 years (i.e., hatched in spring 2016 or earlier). #### File: THC\_Survival.csv **Description:** This file contains data on the annual survival of birds that used the feeders in Winter 2023. ##### Variables * TransponderHexCode: unique 10-digit hexadecimal PIT tag code * Survived: was a bird detected at our RFID-equipped feeders in Fall 2023 (i.e., did it survive?) (0 = no, 1 = yes) #### File: data\_FeederVisits.csv **Description:** This file contains each bird's visit recording to the feeders from January 9 to February 28, 2023 (inclusive), but excludes February 15 to February 23, 2023 (inclusive). ##### Variables * VisitDate: date of observation (YYYY-MM-DD) * Time: time of visit * Feeder: location of feeder visited (02A, 04A, 09A, 11A, 12A, 16A) * TransponderHexCode: unique 10-digit hexadecimal PIT tag code * UniqueFeederCount_Total: the number of unique feeders visited by the bird calculated across the entire study period * UniqueFeederCount_Day: the number of unique feeders visited by the bird on the given VisitDate ## Code/software All analyses were conducted using R statistical software v. 4.3.3 using the R Studio interface. The complete code is provided in the file called: #### File: BCCHSpatialBehav\_Script.R **Description:** This file contains code to reproduce all main text and supplementary analyses. All packages required to run the code and reproduce analyses and figures are provided within the R code, including version numbers. ## Access information Other publicly accessible locations of the data: * Code and data are also available on Open Science Framework (osf.io/7hnfk)