cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/m17r-ym55
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Upper Midwest USA Last Millennium Summer 2m Air Temperature

description: We present a reconstruction of mean summer temperature for the northern Midwest of theUSA based on lacustrine pollen records from three different lakes in Wisconsin. The results suggest a relatively warm period during the earlier part of the record (~1200–1500 CE) followed by a cooler Little Ice Age (~1500–1900) and a subsequent warming to modern conditions. The reconstructed modern summer mean temperature is in good agreement with observations, and the decades of the 1930s to 1950s appear to be the warmest such period in the proxy record (through 1974). Analyses of circulation features associated with the warmest summers in the recent climate record suggest a prevalence of continental ridging accompanied by generally dry conditions during these warm summers in the Midwest. Drought reconstruction using the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and tree-ring records as predictors also yield relatively dry conditions in medieval times for the central US. As reported in a number of recent studies, possible forcing mechanisms include La Niña-like conditions in the equatorial Pacific and warmer than average waters in the tropical Indo-western Pacific Ocean possibly coupled to a positive mode of the AMO/ NAO North Atlantic circulation pattern.
description: Fossil pollen from three lakes in Wisconsin USA are used (Dark Lake, Ruby Lake, Little Pine Lake) along with modern pollen-climate relationships from the North American Pollen Data Base
DOI: 10.25921/mc3s-8584
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Jordan Basin, Gulf of Maine 25KYr Foraminiferal Census Data

description: We report planktonic foraminiferal fluxes (accumulation rates) and oxygen isotopes (d18O) from a nine-month sediment trap deployment, and d18O from three sediment cores in Jordan Basin, Gulf of Maine. The sediment trap was deployed at 150 m, about halfway to the basin floor, and samples were collected every three weeks between August 2010 and May 2011. The planktonic foraminiferal fauna in the trap is dominated by Neogloboquadrina incompta that reached a maximum flux in the second half of October. Oxygen isotope ratios on that species indicate that on average during the collecting period it lived in the surface mixed layer, when compared to predicted values based on data from a nearby hydrographic buoy from the same period. New large diameter piston cores from Jordan Basin are 25 and 28 m long. Marine hemipelagic sediments are 25 m thick, and the sharp contact with underlying red deglacial sediments is bracketed by two radiocarbon dates on bivalves that indicate ice-free conditions began 16,900 calibrated years ago. Radiocarbon dating of foraminifera indicates that the basin floor sediments (270-290 m) accumulated at >3 m/kyr during the Holocene, whereas rates were about one tenth that on the basin slope (230 m). In principle, Jordan Basin sediments have the potential to provide time series with interannual resolution. Our results indicate the Holocene is marked by ~2C variability in SST, and the coldest events of the 20th century, during the mid 1960s and mid 1920s, appear to be recorded in the uppermost 50 cm of the seafloor.
description: Planktonic foraminifer counts and sediment stable isotope (d18O and d13C) data, plus core logger (gamma ray and magnetic susceptibility) data from three cores collected in the Jordan Basin, Gulf of Maine.
DOI: 10.25921/mw8y-3y49
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bräker - Habrichtswald - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT334

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Collection purpose: 
# Plentering
# 
# Cores are stored at: 
# disposed
# 
# Notes: 
# Formerly Sigriswil1_Fichte_n21_1997.fh
# 
# References:
# Bachofen, H.; Zingg, A., (2001): 
# Effectiveness of structure improvement thinning on stand structure 
# in subalpine Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stands. 
# For. Ecol. Manage. 145: 137-149. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/mhc9-eg38
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Fischer - Nordrhein-Westfalen/Siebengebirge drb07 - QUPE - ITRDB GERM166

description: An improved understanding of the spatiotemporal climate/growth relationship of our forests is of particular importance for assessing the consequences of climate warming. A total of 67 stands of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.), sessile oak (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and spruce (Picea abies Karst.) from sites located in the transition zone from the lowlands to the low mountain ranges of West Germany have been analysed. A combination of pointer year and cluster analysis was used to find groups with similar growth anomaly patterns over the 1941-2000 period. Shifted reaction patterns especially characterise differences in the growth behaviour of the clusters. These are controlled by different reactions to the climate conditions in winter and spring and are determined by a complex system of forcing factors. Results of this study reflect the enormous importance of the length of the growing season. Increasing the duration of the vegetation period climate warming can change the climate/growth relationship of trees, thereby confounding climate reconstructions which use tree rings. Since forcing factors have been detected that are more important than the tree species, we recommend the application of growth-specific approaches for the analysis of tree species' vulnerability to climate.
description: Purpose of Collection:
# climate/growth relationship NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/m33p-s570
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Büntgen - NovaPolinka - LADE - ITRDB SVK003

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/mqfr-5z33
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Luckman - Pyramid Lake Fire Road - PSME - ITRDB CANA427

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Cores are stored at:
# # # # # # University of Western Ontario
# # # # # # 
# # # # # # References:
# # # # # # O'Reilly, B.  2009.  
# # # # # # Dendroclimatological studies of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) at Jasper, Alberta, Canada.  
# # # # # # Unpublished B.Sc. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of Western Ontario. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-01-27. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/m8c2-p711
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Luckman - Surprise Valley - PCEN - ITRDB CANA453

description: A new network of 21 Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm. ring-width chronologies was developed from tree-line sites in the Canadian Rockies. These chronologies range in length from 297 to 648 years (mean 423 years) and have mean sensitivities between 0.16 and 0.20 (mean 0.18), first-order autocorrelations between 0.73 and 0.88 (mean 0.83), and subsample signal strengths >0.85 for 246-494 years (mean 324 years). Mean intersite correlations (A.D. 1700-1982) for chronologies with expressed population signals >0.85 are 0.46 and 0.63 for standard and residual chronologies, respectively. Standard ring-width chronologies are, in general, positively correlated with summer temperatures and negatively correlated with spring and previous summer temperatures. A regional June-September temperature reconstruction for the Banff-Jasper region (BJR; A.D. 1715-1982) was developed using multiple regression of three significant principal components from 14 standard ring-width chronologies. The first principal component contains 55% of the total chronology variance. The model reconstructs 38% of summer temperature variance during the calibration period (1888-1982). The BJR is the first regional temperature reconstruction for this area based on ring-width data from a network of sites. The reconstructed temperature patterns are broadly similar to other regional estimates of past temperatures. Above-average summer temperatures occurred in the mid-20th century and the late 1700s - early 1800s. Most of the 19th century was unusually cold, with the coldest conditions in the late 19th century. Detailed differences between BJR and previously developed reconstructions lie well within 2 sigma confidence limits and may reflect differences in tree species, modelling techniques, spatial coverage, and the seasonal temperature parameter reconstructed.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-01-27. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-04.
DOI: 10.25921/m91s-k638
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GRIP Ice Core 248KYr Oxygen Isotope Data

description: Over 70,000 samples from the 3029-m-long Greenland Ice Core Project (GRIP) ice core drilled on the top of the Greenland Ice Sheet (Summit) have been analyzed for d8O. A highly detailed and continuous d8O profile has thus been obtained and is discussed in terms of past temperatures in Greenland. We also discuss a three-core stacked annual d8O profile for the past 917 years. The short-term (<50 years) variability of the annual d8O signal is found to be 1 per mil in the Holocene, and estimates for the coldest parts of the last glacial are 3 per mil or higher. These data also provide insights into possible disturbances of the stratigraphic layering in the core which seems to be sound down to the onset of the Eemian. Spectral analysis of highly detailed sequences of the profile helps determine the smoothing of the d8O signal, which for the Holocene ice is found to be considerably stronger than expected. We suggest this is due to a process involving diffusion of water molecules along crystal boundaries in the recrystallizing ice matrix. Deconvolution techniques were employed for restoring with great confidence the highly attenuated annual d8O signal in the Holocene. We confirm earlier findings of dramatic temperature changes in Greenland during the last glacial cycle. Abrupt and strong climatic shifts are also found within the Eem/Sangamon Interglaciation, which is normally recorded as a period of warm and stable climate in lower latitudes. The stratigraphic continuity of the Eemian layers is consequently discussed in section 3 of this paper in terms of all pertinent data which we are not able to reconcile.
description: This data set contains 55cm average delta 18-O values from the GRIP core. These data were used in the construction of the glaciological timescale.
DOI: 10.25921/m146-0t45
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Gowganda Formation, Ontario Early Proterozoic Varve Thickness Data

description: Rhythmically deposited argillites of the Gowganda Formation (ca. 2.0-2.5 Ga) probably formed in a glacial setting. Drop stones and layered sedimentary couplets in the rock presumably indicate formation in a lacustrine environment with repeating freeze-thaw cycles. It is plausible that temporal variations in the thickness of sedimentary layers are related to interannual climatic variability, e.g. average seasonal temperature could have influenced melting and the amount of sediment source material carried to the lake. A sequence of layer couplet thickness measurements was made from high-resolution digitized photographs taken at an outcrop in southern Ontario, Canada. The frequency spectrum of thickness measurements displays patterns that resemble some aspects of modern climate. Coherent periodic modes in the thickness spectrum appear at 9.9-10.7 layer couplets and at 14.3 layer couplets. It is unlikely that these coherent modes result from random processes. Modern instrument records of regional temperature and rainfall display similar spectral patterns, with some datasets showing significant modes near 14 yr in both parameters. Rainfall and temperature could have affected sedimentary layering in the Gowganda argillite sequence, and climate modulation of couplet thickness emerges as the most likely explanation of the observed layering pattern. If this interpretation is correct, the layer couplets represent predominantly annual accumulations of sediment (i.e. they are varves), and the thickness spectrum provides a glimpse of Early Proterozoic climatic variability. The presence of interannual climate patterns is not unanticipated, but field evidence presented here may be of some value in developing a climate theory for the Early Proterozoic.
description: Varve thickness data from the Gowganda Formation, southern Ontario, measured on an argillite outcrop located in the Mississagi River Valley near Wharncliffe, Ontario, Canada (at the intersection of highway 554 and highway 129).  Sediments are early Proterozoic age, ca. 2.0-2.5 billion years before present.
DOI: 10.25921/my5f-x166
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - CTP East Tasmania Tree ring width, PAGES Australasia 2k Version

description: Between two and four increment cores were obtained from approximately 20 trees at each of 16 sites of P. aspleniifolius across Tasmania. Four regions were defined and temperature data for climate stations from each of these regions were transformed into dimensionless time series appropriate for each region. The ZI was constructed from Melbourne and Hobart mean sea level pressure (MSLP). Correlations were calculated between climate data and ring widths over most of the 20th century. Data were then segregated into two subperiods to assess whether or not temporal changes in ring width response have occurred over the 20th century.
The dominant feature of the correlation functions was a negative correlation with temperatures of the previous growing season. Correlation between the ZI and ring width is most significant, and positive, in November and March of the previous growing season. Differences in the shape of the correlation functions, and their strength is apparent over the course of the century. In general, correlations have become weaker and less consistent among the 16 sites for the latter part of the century. Temperatures have generally increased during the 1900s over which time period correlations have been calculated.
The temporally changing climatic response in ring widths is consistent with a hypothesis of competition for resources between different parts of a plant. A nonlinear response to climate over a short-time period violates one of the basic assumptions of dendroclimatology, therefore suggesting further investigation of both the physiology of trees used for dendroclimatological purposes and the statistical methods used for climatic reconstruction.
description: Uploaded by R. Neukom, data obtained from original authors.   These are not raw data but processed and truncated chronologies. Details see (Neukom and Gergis 2011, The Holocene, DOI: 10.1177/0959683611427335). For the raws contact the authors or check ITRDB
DOI: 10.25921/mb4w-x094
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Aishihik Basin, Yukon 12,000 Year Multiproxy Lake Sediment Data

description: A 2.7 m sediment core from WA01, a small pond in Southwest Yukon, Canada (unofficial name, 61 14'41"N, 136 55'35"W, 1000 m above sea level), documents the postglacial vegetation and climate history of the Aishihik Basin. Open birch-shrub tundra established at the site ca. 10 900 cal years BP, immediately after deglaciation. Picea glauca established ca. 10 200 cal years BP, and an open spruce forest ecosystem has since remained dominant on the landscape. A gradual increase in Alnus crispa, starting ca. 6600 cal years BP, has also been noted in other studies from Central Yukon, suggesting a significant climate transition in Yukon at this time. An alternating pattern in sediment loss-on-ignition, also beginning ca. 6600 cal years BP, may be broadly related to trends in ∂18O values from the Mount Logan and Jellybean Lake oxygen isotope records, and is most likely reflective of periodic changes in available moisture in the region resulting from alterations in the strength and position of the Aleutian Low pressure system. However, millennial-scale climate variability identified in ice core and sediment records had little impact on the forests of the region.
description: Multiproxy sediment data from Lake WA01, Aishihik Basin, southwest Yukon, Canada. Data include pollen counts, sediment physical properties, and charcoal concentration.
DOI: 10.25921/mhwb-3x43
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Eastern Bering Sea 46 Year Yellowfin Sole Otolith Growth Data

description: Dendrochronology (tree-ring analysis) techniques have been increasingly applied to generate biochronologies from the otolith growth-increment widths of marine and freshwater fish species. These time series strongly relate to instrumental climate records and are presumed to reflect interannual variability in mean fish condition or size. However, the relationship of these otolith chronologies to fish somatic growth has not been well described. Here, this issue was addressed using yellowfin sole (Limanda aspera) in the eastern Bering Sea, for which a 43-yr otolith chronology was developed from 47 otoliths and compared with body size for 6943 individuals collected in 1987, 1994, and 1999 through 2006. Among several metrics of size normalized for age and sex, average body mass index (defined as weight/length) had the strongest relationship to the otolith chronology, especially when the chronology was averaged over the 5 yr preceding fish capture date (R2 = 0.88; P < 0.001). Overall, sample-wide anomalies in otolith growth reflected sample-wide anomalies in body size. These findings suggest that otolith chronologies could be used as proxies of body size in data-poor regions or to hind-cast somatic growth patterns prior to the start of fisheries sampling programs.
description: Growth increment data from yellowfin sole (YFS) otoliths (ear bones) collected in the eastern Bering Sea off Alaska.
DOI: 10.25921/m0fh-0v36
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Toromani - Divjaka - PIPN - ITRDB ALB005

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-05.
DOI: 10.25921/m1r4-jw06
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Griggs - Crailo House Rensselaer - QUSP - ITRDB NY046

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: Purpose of Collection:
# Archaeology - construction (felling dates)
# Cores are stored at:
# Cornell Tree Ring Laboratory Archive, Cornell University
# Notes:
# One of the "oldest" buildings in Albany-Schenectady region, collection
# was for obtaining felling dates and adding to regional oak tree-ring data set.
# References:
# Site report available at http://dendro.cornell.edu/projects/nena/Crailo.pdf NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/mmq4-g662
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Soulé - Rock Creek East - PSME - ITRDB MT131

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-02-08.
DOI: 10.25921/mf1g-7e91
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Clipperton Atoll 1874-1994 Sr/Ca and Oxygen Isotope Data

description: Sub-seasonally resolved and replicated coral Sr/Ca time series at Clipperton Atoll (10°18'N, 109°13'W) in the eastern Pacific are assessed as a sea surface temperature (SST) proxy in this region with small seasonal SST variability. The composite coral Sr/Ca time series is a partially replicated record of three live and one sub- modern colony of Porites lobata extending back to 1874. Large inter-colony coral Sr/Ca offsets equate to relative SST differences of 0.6 to 4.3 °C and limit the ability to reconstruct absolute SST changes. Moreover, the replication method revealed a 12-year section of growth in one colony where mean Sr/Ca was anomalously low (~1 °C higher SST) relative to the other colonies without evidence of diagenesis or other significant skeletal alterations. The presence of this anomalous interval supports the need for multi-coral Sr/Ca replication in specific sites or re- gions. The Clipperton Composite Sr/Ca anomaly record is significantly coherent (r = 0.71–0.76, p b 0.001) with gridded instrumental SSTs but with larger amplitude decadal variance that appears to more accurately represent actual SST variability at Clipperton. The amplitude of the secular warming trend during the last century at Clipperton is 0.3 to 0.6 °C larger (~twice as large) than the trend in the poorly “ground-truthed” instrumental SST records for the region. The interannual and decadal variability in Clipperton coral Sr/Ca demonstrates strong coherence to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) with reduced ENSO variability from 1920 to late 1930s and enhanced variability in the late twentieth century.
description: Monthly data from Porites lobata.