cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9fd75
title: Data from: Variable effects of temperature on insect herbivory

description: Rising temperatures can influence the top-down control of plant biomass by
 increasing herbivore metabolic demands. Unfortunately, we know relatively
 little about the effects of temperature on herbivory rates for most insect
 herbivores in a given community. Evolutionary history, adaptation to local
 environments, and dietary factors may lead to variable thermal response
 curves across different species. Here we characterized the effect of
 temperature on herbivory rates for 21 herbivore-plant pairs, encompassing
 14 herbivore and 12 plant species. We show that overall consumption rates
 increase with temperature between 20 and 30 C but do not increase further
 with increasing temperature. However, there is substantial variation in
 thermal responses among individual herbivore-plant pairs at the highest
 temperatures. Over one third of the herbivore-plant pairs showed declining
 consumption rates at high temperatures, while an approximately equal
 number showed increasing consumption rates. Such variation existed even
 within herbivore species, as some species exhibited idiosyncratic thermal
 response curves on different host plants. Thus, rising temperatures,
 particularly with respect to climate change, may have highly variable
 effects on plant-herbivore interactions and, ultimately, top-down control
 of plant biomass.
description: Feeding_AssaysData from feeding assays for all herbivore-plant pairings. Data include herbivore species, plant species, temperature, raw data for consumption and growth measurements as well as derived statistics (consumption, percent loss, and relative growth rate)TempCons_PlantTraitsNutritional traits for all plant species used in this study
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zrsm8v
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 434 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Specimen)",
 "Geometry POLYGON((105 20,170 20,170 70,105 70,105 20))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Ranunculus reptans"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 434 records from 18 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000864-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m1r0356
title: Data from: Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are
 powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in
 shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2
 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to
 estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range,
 and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s
 combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either
 native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced ×
 introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate due to increased
 winter survival, clonality, and seed production. Our analysis also
 revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral
 displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread, and early
 flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with
 outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native
 populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native
 populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of
 admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local
 adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of
 admixture.
description: Pantoja_et_al_Mimulus_phenotypic_data_20180612Phenotypic data measured in the F2 offspring of three crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus grown in a field plot in central Scotland.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q7s8k
title: Data from: Multifaceted, cross-generational costs of hybridization in sibling Drosophila species

description: Maladaptive hybridization, as determined by the pattern and intensity of
 selection against hybrid individuals, is an important factor contributing
 to the evolution of prezygotic reproductive isolation. To identify the
 consequences of hybridization between Drosophila pseudoobscura and D.
 persimilis, we estimated multiple fitness components for F1 hybrids and
 backcross progeny and used these to compare the relative fitness of
 parental species and their hybrids across two generations. We document
 many sources of intrinsic (developmental) and extrinsic (ecological)
 selection that dramatically increase the fitness costs of hybridization
 beyond the well-documented F1 male sterility in this model system. Our
 results indicate that the cost of hybridization accrues over multiple
 generations and reinforcement in this system is driven by selection
 against hybridization above and beyond the cost of hybrid male sterility;
 we estimate a fitness loss of &gt;95% relative to the parental species
 across two generations of hybridization. Our findings demonstrate the
 importance of estimating hybridization costs using multiple fitness
 measures from multiple generations in an ecologically relevant context; so
 doing can reveal intense postzygotic selection against hybridization and
 thus, an enhanced role for reinforcement in the evolution of populations
 and diversification of species.
description: Data from: Multifaceted,
 cross-generational costs of hybridization in sibling Drosophila
 speciesIncludes all data on
 flies reared in the laboratory as part of the experiments described in the
 paper. Read Me file describes each worksheet of the data
 file.Dryad
 file.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6bj23
title: Data from: Genet dynamics of a regenerating dwarf bamboo population across heterogeneous light environments in a temperate forest understorey

description: Despite the advantage of plant clonality in patchy environments, studies
 focusing on genet demography in relation to spatially heterogeneous
 environments remain scarce. Regeneration of bamboos in forest understoreys
 after synchronous die-off provides an opportunity for assessing how they
 come to proliferate across heterogeneous light environments. In a Japanese
 forest, we examined genet demography of a population of Sasa kurilensis
 over a 7-year period starting 10 years after die-off, shortly after which
 some genets began spreading horizontally by rhizomes. The aboveground
 biomass was estimated and genets were discriminated in 9-m2 plots placed
 under both canopy gaps and closed canopies. Overall, the results suggest
 that the survival and spread of more productive genets and the spatial
 expansion of genets into closed canopies underlie the proliferation of S.
 kurilensis. Compared to canopy gaps, the recovery rate of biomass was much
 slower under closed canopies for the first 10 years after the die-off, but
 became accelerated during the next seven years. Genet survival was greater
 for more productive genets (with greater initial number of culms), and the
 spaces occupied by genets that died were often colonized afterward by
 clonal growth of surviving genets. The number of genets decreased under
 canopy gaps due to greater mortality, but increased under closed canopies
 where greater number of genets colonized clonally from outside the plots
 than genets died. The colonizing genets were more productive (having
 larger culms) than those originally germinated within the plots, and the
 contribution of colonizing genets to the biomass was greater under closed
 canopies. Our study emphasizes the importance of investigating genet
 dynamics over relevant spatio-temporal scales to reveal processes
 underlying the success of clonal plants in heterogeneous habitats.
description: Matsuo_etal_Ecol&Evol2017_Dryad
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.20bv259
title: Data from: Elevation related difference in serial reversal learning ability in a non-scatter hoarding passerine

description: Environments characterized by scarce and variable food supply, termed
 ‘harsh environments’, have been hypothesized to favor cognitive abilities
 that aid an animal in finding food, remembering where it is located, or
 predicting its availability. Most studies of the ‘harsh environment’
 hypothesis have found that scatter hoarders from harsher environments have
 better spatial memory abilities, but few studies have looked at this
 hypothesis in non-scatter hoarders. Here we present the first comparison
 of performance on a serial reversal learning task in a non-scatter hoarder
 from two elevations that differ in harshness. Serial reversal learning
 tasks measure a suite of cognitive abilities that are believed to allow an
 animal to adjust its foraging behavior to match changes in the
 availability of food over time. Therefore, performance on this task is
 predicted to increase with elevation. There was no significant difference
 between the high and low elevation great tits in initial reversal learning
 accuracy. While both high and low elevation birds were able to improve
 their reversal learning accuracy, they did not differ in their rate of
 improvement over reversals. However, we found that lower elevation birds
 had higher accuracy across all reversals. Contrary to the “harsh
 environment” hypothesis, our findings suggest that birds from the less
 harsh environment at low elevation performed more accurately on the
 reversal learning task. Overall, our results suggest that the study of the
 relationship between harshness and cognition in non-hoarders would benefit
 from taking into account other environmental factors, and trade-offs with
 other cognitive abilities.
description: Reversal Learning and
 Snow Cover DataReversalLearningSnowCover.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b1410
title: Data from: Adaptation to divergent larval diets in the medfly, Ceratitis capitata

description: Variation in diet can influence the timing of major life history events
 and can drive population diversification and ultimately speciation.
 Proximate responses of life histories to diet have been well studied.
 However, there are scant experimental data on how organisms adapt to
 divergent diets over the longer term. We focused on this omission by
 testing the responses of a global pest, the Mediterranean fruitfly, to
 divergent selection on larval diets of different nutritional profiles.
 Tests conducted before and after 30 generations of nutritional selection
 revealed a complex interplay between the effects of novel larval dietary
 conditions on both plastic and evolved responses. There were
 proximate-only responses to the larval diet in adult male courtship and
 the frequency of copulation. Males on higher calorie larval diets
 consistently engaged in more bouts of energetic courtship. In contrast,
 following selection, larval development time and egg to adult survival
 showed evidence of evolved divergence between diet regimes. Adult body
 size showed evidence for adaptation, with flies being significantly
 heavier when reared on their ‘own’ diet. The results show the multifaceted
 responses of individuals to dietary selection and are important in
 understanding the extreme generalism exhibited by the medfly.
description: Experimental evolution
 under divergent larval diets in medfly_datasheetData file containing raw
 data for all figures in the paper.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.46n9h
title: Data from: Mate preference for a phenotypically plastic trait is learned, and may facilitate preference-phenotype matching

description: Fixed, genetically determined, mate preferences for species whose adult
 phenotype varies with rearing environment may be maladaptive, as the
 phenotype that is most fit in the parental environment may be absent in
 the offspring environment. Mate preference in species with polyphenisms
 (environmentally dependent alternative phenotypes) should therefore either
 not focus on polyphenic traits, be polyphenic themselves, or learned each
 generation. Here we test these alternative hypotheses by first describing
 a female-limited seasonal polyphenism in a sexually dimorphic trait in the
 butterfly Bicyclus anynana, dorsal hindwing spot number (DHSN), and then
 testing whether male and female mate preferences for this trait exist, and
 whether they are seasonally polyphenic, or learned. Neither naïve males
 nor naive females in either seasonal form exhibited mating preferences for
 DHSN. However, males, but not females, noticed DHSN variation and learned
 mate preferences for DHSN. These results suggest that individuals may
 accommodate environmentally dependent variation in morphological traits
 via learned mate preferences in each generation, and that learned mate
 preference plasticity can be sexually dimorphic.
description: DorsalHindwingSpotNumber131024R1Number of dorsal hindwing spots for butterflies used to determine sexual dimorphism in dorsal hindwing spot number, and developmental temperature dependence of female dorsal hindwing spots.BehaviorandMateChoiceData131024R1Spreadsheet containing both the mating outcome and the trainer behavior for all behavior/mating trials reported in the manuscript. Treatments are abbreviated: WS/DS=seasonal form, M/F=sex of trainer or trainee for naive trials, 0/2/naive=exposure. Behaviors are counts of trainer behaviors.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.253hr
title: Data from: Scale dependencies and generalism in host use shape virus prevalence

description: Processes that generate the distribution of pathogens and their
 interactions with hosts are not insensitive to changes in spatial scale.
 Spatial scales and species traits are often selected intentionally, based
 on practical considerations, ignoring biases that the scale and type of
 observation may introduce. Specifically, these biases might change the
 interpretation of disease-diversity relationships that are reported as
 either ‘dilution’ or ‘amplification’ effects. Here, we combine field data
 of a host-pathogen community with empirical models to test the effects
 that i) spatial scale and ii) host range have on the relationship between
 plant-virus infection prevalence and diversity. We show that
 prevalence-diversity relationships are scale dependent, and can produce
 opposite effects associated with different habitats at sub-ecosystem
 scales. The total number of host species of each virus reflected
 generalism at the ecosystem scale. However, plasticity in host-range
 resembled habitat-specific specialisation and also changed model
 predictions. We show that habitat heterogeneity, ignored at larger
 (ecosystem) spatial scales, influences pathogen distributions. Hence,
 understanding disease distributions and the evolution of pathogens
 requires reconciling specific hypotheses of the study with an appropriate
 spatial scale, or scales, and consideration of traits, such as host range,
 that might strongly contribute to biotic interactions.
description: McLeish_etal_Plant_Virus_DataThe data comprise a 15 x 1936 matrix with samples as rows and columns as year, season, habitat, species, and infections of 11 the plant viruses assayed in the study.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c0q0h
title: Data from: Running with the Red Queen: host-parasite coevolution selects for biparental sex

description: Most organisms reproduce through outcrossing, even though it comes with
 significant costs. The Red Queen hypothesis proposes that selection from
 coevolving pathogens facilitates the persistence of outcrossing in spite
 of these costs. We utilized experimental coevolution to test the Red Queen
 hypothesis, and found that coevolution with a bacterial pathogen (Serratia
 marcescens) resulted in significantly more outcrossing in mixed mating
 experimental populations of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
 Furthermore, we found that coevolution with the pathogen rapidly drove
 obligately selfing populations to extinction, while outcrossing
 populations persisted through reciprocal coevolution. Thus, consistent
 with the Red Queen hypothesis, coevolving pathogens can select for
 biparental sex.
description: 24-hour mortality rate
 dataC. elegans were exposed
 to different strains of Serratia for 24 hours and mortality rates
 calculated (Fig.2).SEEco infectivity
 data.xlsSEEco wildtype
 outcrossingOutcrossing rates were
 calculated from male frequency counts in the wildtype populations taken
 every fourth generation during experimental evolution.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rwxvex
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 642 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is one of (Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay)",
 "TaxonKey is Nassella trichotoma"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 642 records from 55 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000865-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6mc10
title: Data from: Biocomplexity in populations of European anchovy in the Adriatic Sea

description: The sustained exploitation of marine populations requires an understanding
 of a species' adaptive seascape so that populations can track
 environmental changes from short- and long-term climate cycles and from
 human development. The analysis of the distributions of genetic markers
 among populations, together with correlates of life-history and
 environmental variability, can provide insights into the extent of
 adaptive variation. Here, we examined genetic variability among
 populations of mature European anchovies (n = 531) in the Adriatic (13
 samples) and Tyrrhenian seas (2 samples) with neutral and putative
 non-neutral microsatellite loci. These genetic markers failed to confirm
 the occurrence of two anchovy species in the Adriatic Sea, as previously
 postulated. However, we found fine-scale population structure in the
 Adriatic, especially in northern areas, that was associated with four of
 the 13 environmental variables tested. Geographic gradients in sea
 temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen appear to drive adaptive
 differences in spawning time and early larval development among
 populations. Resolving adaptive seascapes in Adriatic anchovies provides a
 means to understand mechanisms underpinning local adaptation and a basis
 for optimizing exploitation strategies for sustainable harvests.
description: Ruggeri_et_al._anchovy_datasetGenotype dataset (corrected for null alleles) for 15 sampling sites and 13 microsatellite loci
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.84g54
title: Data from: Dietary stress does not strengthen selection against single deleterious mutations in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Stress is generally thought to increase the strength of selection,
 although empirical results are mixed and general conclusions are difficult
 because data are limited. Here we compare the fitness effects of nine
 independent recessive mutations in Drosophila melanogaster in a high- and
 low-dietary-stress environment, estimating the strength of selection on
 these mutations arising from both a competitive measure of male
 reproductive success and productivity (female fecundity and the subsequent
 survival to adulthood of her offspring). The effect of stress on male
 reproductive success has not been addressed previously for individual loci
 and is of particular interest with respect to the alignment of natural and
 sexual selection. Our results do not support the hypothesis that stress
 increases the efficacy of selection arising from either fitness component.
 Results concerning the alignment of natural and sexual selection were
 mixed, although data are limited. In the low-stress environment, selection
 on mating success and productivity were concordant for five of nine
 mutations (four out of four when restricted to those with significant or
 near-significant productivity effects), whereas in the high-stress
 environment, selection aligned for seven of nine mutations (two out of two
 when restricted to those having significant productivity effects). General
 conclusions as to the effects of stress on the strength of selection and
 the alignment of natural and sexual selection await data from additional
 mutations, fitness components and stressors.
description: rundle1_datarundle2_datarundle3_data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d7g4c
title: Data from: Chimpanzees breed with genetically dissimilar mates

description: Inbreeding adversely affects fitness, whereas heterozygosity often
 augments it. Therefore, mechanisms to avoid inbreeding and increase
 genetic distance between mates should be advantageous in species where
 adult relatives reside together. Here we investigate mate choice for
 genetic dissimilarity in chimpanzees, a species in which many females
 avoid inbreeding through dispersal, but where promiscuous mating and
 sexual coercion can limit choice when related adults reside together. We
 take advantage of incomplete female dispersal in Gombe National Park,
 Tanzania to compare mate choice for genetic dissimilarity among immigrant
 and natal females in two communities using pairwise relatedness measures
 in 135 genotyped chimpanzees. As expected, natal females were more related
 to adult males in their community than were immigrant females. However,
 among 62 breeding events, natal females were not more related to the sires
 of their offspring than immigrant females, despite four instances of close
 inbreeding. Moreover, females were generally less related to the sires of
 their offspring than to non-sires. These results demonstrate that
 chimpanzees may be capable of detecting relatedness and selecting mates on
 the basis of genetic distance.
description: Pairwise Relatedness
 DataThis excel file has
 three sheets containing pairwise relatedness data used in each of the
 three main analyses in the paper. 1) Relatedness between male-female
 dyads. 2) Relatedness between mothers and sires. 3) Relatedness in
 breeding and non-breeding dyads. A final sheet explains the column
 headings.Walker_etal_data.xlsxChimpanzee GenotypesThis file includes genotyping data at 11 microsatellite loci used for paternity analyses. All genotyped individuals are included and are assigned the same code given in the pairwise relatedness file.Walker_etal_genotypes.xlsx