cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/r0r-r7s-jsv
title: Bos taurus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cc0-k5v-1rh
title: Brachiopoda Duméril, 1805

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/kye-myr-8le
title: †Hippopleurifera sedgwicki (Milne Edwards, 1838)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1me-p6n-mjz
title: Tyto Billberg, 1828

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8zz-b5a-h2h
title: Cnidaria

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7xr-t6t-1ep
title: †Lepidocyclina Gümbel, 1870

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w5r-zlt-w3d
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/pcv-fg8-l71
title: Lamnidae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cj4-wst-psy
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/l16-bhq-v9j
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hze-ft3-fjt
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/zks-1a4-5v9
title: Mammalia Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hvk-528-njs
title: †Monoceratina Roth, 1928

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1t2-k8z-yqb
title: †Pseudorbitoides trechmanni Douvillé, 1922

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/g3x-26t-ksx
title: Asterolepis Razowski, 1964

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xn4-4sa-qll
title: †Pseudorbitoides trechmanni Douvillé, 1922

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2vd-8kd-ksj
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/y0r-6y0-fl4
title: Paracypris Sars, 1866

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0wr-90z-kw8
title: Loxodonta africana (Blumenbach, 1797)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/pp4-xra-fpd
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qhz-yy2-naj
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/aqy-fc8-psn
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/caq-9ln-npw
title: Cetorhinidae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.egujne
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 490 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "Geometry POLYGON((81.34141 24.84321,116.47878 24.84321,116.47878 38.88573,81.34141 38.88573,81.34141 24.84321))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Gentiana veitchiorum Hemsl."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 490 records from 26 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0004800-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15221503
title: Stable Isotope Values of Carbon and Nitrogen of Scopoli's shearwater and Yelkouan shearwater blood samples, Central Mediterranean

description: Stable Isotope Data used in the publication: 'Diet of two Mediterranean shearwaters revealed by DNA metabarcoding', where diet information revealed by genetic (NCBI data upload SUB15055416) and isotopic means were compared. 

Scopoli’s shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea) were sampled at three colonies in the Central Mediterranean, Linosa (35.865, 12.865), Malta (35.900, 14.400) and La Maddalena (41.230, 9.410), while all Yelkouan shearwater (Puffinus yelkouan) were sampled on Malta. 

Blood was collected during the respective species' incubation and chick-rearing stages, drawn from the tarsal vein using a syringe and 25-gauge needle in the case of Scopoli’s -, and 27-gauge needle in the case of Yelkouan shearwaters. The blood was centrifuged to separate plasma from the red blood cells (RBC) and were then stored at -18°C. 

Carbon and Nitrogen stable isotope valued were measured on ~0.3 mg aliquots of dried RBC. The values were measured at the LIENSs laboratory, using a Delta V Plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer equipped with a Conflo IV interface (Thermo Scientific, Bremen, Germany) and a Flash 2000 elemental analyser (Thermo Scientific, Milan, Italy). 

Results are reported in δ units, representing deviations from standards (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite for δ13C and atmospheric N2 for δ15N), using the formula:   

δ15N or δ13C= [(Rsample/Rstandard) - 1] x 10^3;

 

where R is 15N/14N or 13C/12C, respectively. 

Calibration was performed using certified reference materials: 

δ13C: USGS-24, IAEA-CH6, IAEA-600, USGS-61, USGS-62, USGS-63, USGS-41a;

δ15N: IAEA-N2, IAEA-NO-3, IAEA-600, USGS-61, USGS-62, USGS-63, USGS-41a;

with a two-point calibration method using standards USGS-61 (caffeine) and USGS-63 (caffeine). 

Internal laboratory standards, acetanilide (Thermo Scientific) and peptone (Sigma-Aldrich) were analysed together with the samples, yielding an analytical precision of <0.15 ‰ for δ15N and <0.10 ‰ for δ13C.

The dataset containes three files where SCSH refers to Scopoli's shearwater and YESH refers to Yelkouan shearwater. In the file 'YESH_SCSH_SI_Metadata' sample information is provided and linked to the two data files from the stable isotope analysis with 'SampleID'.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15221504
title: Stable Isotope Values of Carbon and Nitrogen of Scopoli's shearwater and Yelkouan shearwater blood samples, Central Mediterranean

description: Stable Isotope Data used in the publication: 'Diet of two Mediterranean shearwaters revealed by DNA metabarcoding', where diet information revealed by genetic (NCBI data upload SUB15055416) and isotopic means were compared. 

Scopoli’s shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea) were sampled at three colonies in the Central Mediterranean, Linosa (35.865, 12.865), Malta (35.900, 14.400) and La Maddalena (41.230, 9.410), while all Yelkouan shearwater (Puffinus yelkouan) were sampled on Malta. 

Blood was collected during the respective species' incubation and chick-rearing stages, drawn from the tarsal vein using a syringe and 25-gauge needle in the case of Scopoli’s -, and 27-gauge needle in the case of Yelkouan shearwaters. The blood was centrifuged to separate plasma from the red blood cells (RBC) and were then stored at -18°C. 

Carbon and Nitrogen stable isotope valued were measured on ~0.3 mg aliquots of dried RBC. The values were measured at the LIENSs laboratory, using a Delta V Plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer equipped with a Conflo IV interface (Thermo Scientific, Bremen, Germany) and a Flash 2000 elemental analyser (Thermo Scientific, Milan, Italy). 

Results are reported in δ units, representing deviations from standards (Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite for δ13C and atmospheric N2 for δ15N), using the formula:   

δ15N or δ13C= [(Rsample/Rstandard) - 1] x 10^3;

 

where R is 15N/14N or 13C/12C, respectively. 

Calibration was performed using certified reference materials: 

δ13C: USGS-24, IAEA-CH6, IAEA-600, USGS-61, USGS-62, USGS-63, USGS-41a;

δ15N: IAEA-N2, IAEA-NO-3, IAEA-600, USGS-61, USGS-62, USGS-63, USGS-41a;

with a two-point calibration method using standards USGS-61 (caffeine) and USGS-63 (caffeine). 

Internal laboratory standards, acetanilide (Thermo Scientific) and peptone (Sigma-Aldrich) were analysed together with the samples, yielding an analytical precision of <0.15 ‰ for δ15N and <0.10 ‰ for δ13C.

The dataset containes three files where SCSH refers to Scopoli's shearwater and YESH refers to Yelkouan shearwater. In the file 'YESH_SCSH_SI_Metadata' sample information is provided and linked to the two data files from the stable isotope analysis with 'SampleID'.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.m3v3nx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 4 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Limacus maculatus (Kaleniczenko, 1851)"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 4 records were derived from 58 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011357-250426092105405/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48597/as3x-f6yz
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ss3nxp
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 984 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is South Africa",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Protea cynaroides (L.) L.",
 "Year is 2024"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 984 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011364-250426092105405/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48597/fm5k-y9vd
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/ge3s-ntsk
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/j5g9-4255
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/n88m-bb8h
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/qmts-avqw
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/3j3q-7rdb
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/6zhd-c8n5
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/e8yt-2sn4
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/mk4m-zebg
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/n4bq-z9rh
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/stuq-src5
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/wcd2-cghd
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/bbuc-enz6
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/hpw3-rev5
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/pn5g-4zc9
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.48597/ybt9-7bu5
title: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok

description: Measurement of Inorganics in air and particle phase at Chopok
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3d3cx9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 46837 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "TaxonKey is Amyema Tiegh."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 46837 records from 115 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011363-250426092105405/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2n59s3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 759 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "TaxonKey is Payena A.DC."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 759 records from 22 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0010065-250515123054153/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.17632/b5sgdhc2y2
title: Supplementary materials to: Accurate simulation of the CN emission spectra in laser-induced plasma: a joint impact of robust line list, non-LTE conditions and self-absorption effect

description: The supplementary materials contains preprocessed experimental spectra of CN radical obtained in laser-induced plasma at various delays after laser pulse and the results of the data approximation by different radiative transer/plasma models
DOI: 10.17632/b5sgdhc2y2.1
title: Supplementary materials to: Accurate simulation of the CN emission spectra in laser-induced plasma: a joint impact of robust line list, non-LTE conditions and self-absorption effect

description: The supplementary materials contains preprocessed experimental spectra of CN radical obtained in laser-induced plasma at various delays after laser pulse and the results of the data approximation by different radiative transer/plasma models
DOI: 10.17632/7pzyfvv9jn
title: Large-Scale Network Cyberattacks Multiclass Dataset 2024 (LSNM2024)

description: We present a novel, cutting-edge, large-scale multiclass dataset to improve the security of network cognition of suspicious traffic in networks. The proposed newly generated dataset contains up-to-date samples and features available to the public to help reduce the effect of upcoming cyberattacks with machine learning methods. Specifically, 6 million traffic samples with 60 features are collected and organized into two balanced classes: 50% normal traffic and 50% anomaly (attack) traffic. Furthermore, the anomaly traffic is composed of 15 different attacks, including the MITM-ARP-SPOOFING attack, SSH-BRUTE FORCE attack, FTP-BRUTE FORCE attack, DDOS-ICMP attack, DDOS-RAWIP attack, DDOS-UDP attack, DOS attack, EXPLOITING-FTP attack, FUZZING attack, ICMP FLOOD attack, SYN-FLOOD attack, PORT SCANNING attack, REMOTE CODE EXECUTION attack, SQL INJECTION attack, and XSS attack. 

For more information about the dataset, please read and cite our research articles:
Q. A. Al-Haija, Z. Masoud, A. Yasin, K. Alesawi and Y. Alkarnawi, "Revolutionizing Threat Hunting in Communication Networks: Introducing a Cutting-Edge Large-Scale Multiclass Dataset," 2024 15th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS), Irbid, Jordan, 2024, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/ICICS63486.2024.10638287. (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10638287)

Q. A. Al-Haija, Z. Masoud, A. Yasin, K. Alesawi, and Y. Alkarnawi. End-to-End Threat Hunting with a Novel Multiclass Dataset for Intelligent Intrusion Detection. TechRxiv. August 07, 2025. DOI: 10.36227/techrxiv.175459955.56010835/v1 (https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.175459955.56010835/v1)
DOI: 10.17632/7pzyfvv9jn.2
title: Large-Scale Network Cyberattacks Multiclass Dataset 2024 (LSNM2024)

description: We present a novel, cutting-edge, large-scale multiclass dataset to improve the security of network cognition of suspicious traffic in networks. The proposed newly generated dataset contains up-to-date samples and features available to the public to help reduce the effect of upcoming cyberattacks with machine learning methods. Specifically, 6 million traffic samples with 60 features are collected and organized into two balanced classes: 50% normal traffic and 50% anomaly (attack) traffic. Furthermore, the anomaly traffic is composed of 15 different attacks, including the MITM-ARP-SPOOFING attack, SSH-BRUTE FORCE attack, FTP-BRUTE FORCE attack, DDOS-ICMP attack, DDOS-RAWIP attack, DDOS-UDP attack, DOS attack, EXPLOITING-FTP attack, FUZZING attack, ICMP FLOOD attack, SYN-FLOOD attack, PORT SCANNING attack, REMOTE CODE EXECUTION attack, SQL INJECTION attack, and XSS attack. 

For more information about the dataset, please read and cite our research articles:
Q. A. Al-Haija, Z. Masoud, A. Yasin, K. Alesawi and Y. Alkarnawi, "Revolutionizing Threat Hunting in Communication Networks: Introducing a Cutting-Edge Large-Scale Multiclass Dataset," 2024 15th International Conference on Information and Communication Systems (ICICS), Irbid, Jordan, 2024, pp. 1-5, doi: 10.1109/ICICS63486.2024.10638287. (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10638287)

Q. A. Al-Haija, Z. Masoud, A. Yasin, K. Alesawi, and Y. Alkarnawi. End-to-End Threat Hunting with a Novel Multiclass Dataset for Intelligent Intrusion Detection. TechRxiv. August 07, 2025. DOI: 10.36227/techrxiv.175459955.56010835/v1 (https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.175459955.56010835/v1)
DOI: 10.15468/dl.4b6w9v
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 17572 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "TaxonKey is Corylus cornuta"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 17572 records from 188 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0028661-250802193616735/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rycpvh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Stenatherina temmincki"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0028663-250802193616735/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jyhqrm
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 153 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "MediaType is Image",
 "TaxonKey is Nymphaea heudelotii"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 153 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0028664-250802193616735/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.17632/nr6h39z5rw
title: Governança, controle e financiamento por emissão de ações no Brasil

description: Base de dados que congrega informações sobre um índice de governança corporativa (IAPGC), o tipo de controle acionário (CONTR) e o financiamento por emissão de ações (CAP_AC) de empresas listadas na B# no período de 2010 a 2019
DOI: 10.17632/nr6h39z5rw.1
title: Governança, controle e financiamento por emissão de ações no Brasil

description: Base de dados que congrega informações sobre um índice de governança corporativa (IAPGC), o tipo de controle acionário (CONTR) e o financiamento por emissão de ações (CAP_AC) de empresas listadas na B# no período de 2010 a 2019
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t2d37g
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Bryconamericus mennii)",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen, Literature Occurrence, Human Observation, Observation)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1991",
 "Year is less than or equal to 2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0028667-250802193616735/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.h38xqy
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4888 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Picea purpurea, Picea retroflexa, Picea schrenkiana, Picea smithiana, Picea spinulosa, Picea torano, Picea wilsonii, Pinus amamiana, Pinus armandii, Pinus bhutanica)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Year is greater than 1900"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4888 records from 121 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0028665-250802193616735/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.17632/m98hzp7m2d.2
title: Supplemental Figs. S1-S5

description: Supplemental Figures for article "Oxidized Phosphatidylcholines Activate NOX1-Mediated Oxidative Stress Response and Shift Glucose Metabolism in Cardiac Cells" by Licznerska et. al.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29859101
title: <b>The biological performance of a pond recirculating aquaculture system for farming the giant freshwater prawn (</b><b><i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i></b><b>)</b>

description: Recirculating aquaculture systems are an important means of achieving sustainable development within the aquaculture industry. In this study, we established a pond recirculating aquaculture system (PRAS) for freshwater prawn (<i>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</i>) farming and evaluated its biological performance. In this system, conventional water quality indicators, antibiotics, heavy metals, and microbial community composition were monitored for four months. The results showed that the specific growth rate of the giant river prawn was 5.28% day<sup>-1</sup>. The aquaculture effluent undergoes one cycle in the biological purification pond, reducing the levels of total nitrogen (TN, 13%), total phosphorus (TP, 50%), ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N, 34%), nitrite nitrogen (NO₂⁻-N, 30%), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP, 57%), chromium (Cr, 34%), cadmium (Cd, 11%), iron (Fe, 25%), and manganese (Mn, 35%). In addition, the recirculating water system maintains antibiotic levels at a low level of enrofloxacin (ENR, 273.36~293.89 ng/L), other categories of antibiotics (0.54~171.58 ng/L). Biological treatment concomitantly increased the relative abundance of nutrient- and heavy-metal-removing bacteria (e.g., <i>Pseudomonas</i>) in the water. Critically, correlation analysis shows that NH₄⁺-N, NO₂⁻-N, DIP, and Cr emerged as key drivers of microbial community structure. In summary, PRAS is an biologically optimised production model that is worthy of broader implementation.