DOI: 10.5061/dryad.66t1g1k8q
title: The workload of manual data entry for integration between mobile health applications and eHealth infrastructure

description: In this study, we conducted a time-motion study observing healthcare
 workers (HCWs) completing data management activities including monitoring
 and evaluation (M&E) and manual data linkage of individual-level
 app data to electronic medical records (EMRS). This study served as a
 baseline study for an open-source app to mirror EMRS and reduce HCW
 workload while improving care in the Nurse-led Community-based
 Antiretroviral therapy Program (NCAP) in Lilongwe, Malawi.
description: # The workload of manual data entry for integration between mobile health
 applications and eHealth infrastructure Corresponding author (Caryl
 Feldacker): [cfeld@uw.edu](mailto:cfeld@uw.edu) ## Cite this dataset Data
 will be made available at Dryad upon acceptance at this link:
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.k0p2ngfdz](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.k0p2ngfdz) ## Dataset Include Data dictionary * Was verbal consent of the health care provider given? (1 = Yes, 2 = No) * What was the provider Cadre that was observed (1 = Community health service nurse, 2 = Data officer, 3 = IT officer/Manager, 4= Other) * The time arrived at the facility * Facility Name (1-9) * Observer code * Length of time an individual's cadre has spent at a facility working on NCAP activities (1 = &lt; 1 year, 2 = 1 - 5 years, 3 = 6 - 10 years, 4 = more than 10 years). * Highest level of academic qualification (1 = Diploma or above, 2 = Certificate, 3 = MSCE, 4 = JCE/PSL, 5 = Other). * Main activities (Activity 1 = Prepare drugs and other commodities for NCAP program, Activity 2 = Provide ART services in the community, Activity 3 = Enrol patients in NCAP, Activity 4 = Provide psychosocial support to NCAP patients, Activity 5 = Export, print, verify and enter NCAP data in the EMRs, Activity 6 = Compile reports, generate lists of missed and LTFU appointment, Activity 7 = Conduct supportive supervision, Activity 8 = Other). * Location name (1 = Pharmacy for collecting medical supplies and ARVs, 2 = Waiting areas or ART clinic room, 3 = Community health service office, 4 = NCAP distribution point, 5 = Data management room e.g. IT office, M & E office, CHS office etc, 6 = Other). * Activity code (1 = Registering patient in NCAP program, 2 = Generated list for NCAP clients due for ARV pick up in the distribution points, 3 = Reconciliation of previous supplies to be eligible for the new supplies. Request and collect ARVs, CPT, INH, and Pyrodoxine for patients appointed at the outreach clinic from respective health facility pharmacy, 4 = Request and collect ARVs, CPT, INH and Pyrodoxine for patients appointed at the outreach clinic from CHS office, 6 = Provide integrated ART- provide ARVs, vital sign, hypertension, TB, family planning services, collect and management viral load samples, Document start time of ART services and end time. Document the number of times patients are seen, 7 = Download, filter, and print from ODK files, 8 = Enter data retrospectively with vital signs, drug dispensed, next appointment date from Lighthouse NCAP database into the facility EMR, Print visit summary and stick them on patients charts in collaboration with receptionists, 9 = Generate of list of missed of patients who missed a visit during the NCAP visit by CHS nurse. Currently, this is checked manually, 10 = Prepare the list of patients who submitted VL samples for each site, Update VL results received in the month, 11 = Prepare daily, weekly, monthly, and quarterly NCAP, 12 = Other). Case data * Name of facility that was observed * If verbal consent was provided for provider participation * The provider's cadre that was observed * The length of time the provider has spent conducting NCAP-related activities * The highest level of academic qualification of the individual that was observed * The main activities that were observed during that observation period (1-8) Observation data * Provider cadre observed * Location where observation took place * Activity code that was observed * Calculation time per activity Calculations * Provider cadre observed * Location where observation took place * Activity code that was observed * Calculation time per activity * Calculated time for selected activities (w client#A = Number of clients excluding missing and cells with facility/clinic entries for which client # are not given). * Calculated time for selected activities (w client#B = Number of clients excluding missing and applying an average of 26 clients per facility to cells with facility/clinic entries for which client # are not given). Selected Activities of interest with clients listed as facilities or clinics.