cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986144
title: FOUR DECADES OF HYDROLOGICAL PROCESS SIMULATION OF THE ITACAIÚNAS RIVER WATERSHED, SOUTHEAST AMAZON

description: Abstract The impacts of anthropogenic degradation are becoming increasingly more evident in the Amazon and are jeopardizing its environmental systems and water resources, particularly in low monitored watersheds. Thus, the use of hydrological models is necessary to gain an understanding of these impacts on Amazonian river systems. The aim of this study was to analyze the simulation of some hydrological processes in the Itacaiúnas River watershed and its relation with human-induced impacts in the Southeast region of the Pará state using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. SWAT modeling requires several databases, such as relief, land use and land occupation, soil type, and climatic and hydrological variables. These data are input parameters for the SWAT model. The results showed that the hydrological variables in the Amazon tend to follow the seasonal precipitation cycle, with the highest values occurring between January and June and lowest between July and November. It was evident that base and lateral flows are responsible for maintaining perennial river flow during the dry season. Regarding anthropogenic actions in the watershed, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and sediment transportation are clearly affected by environmental degradation, as well as by the replacement of forest by grassland and mining activities. The results may assist in public policy including mitigation and adaptation of environmental systems in the region. In addition, they can improve the management of natural resources in the Itacaiúnas River watershed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986141
title: ON THE RECOVERY OF TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF GEOID HEIGHTS DETERMINED WITH THE USE OF GGMS BASED ON SST-HL DATA FROM NON-DEDICATED GRAVITY SATELLITE MISSIONS

description: Abstract Over 15 years the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) had considerably contributed to the determination of temporal variations of geoid heights. In May 2018, GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) was launched. The aim of this contribution is to assess the suitability of data from non-dedicated gravity satellite missions (N-DGSMs) for the determination of temporal variations of geoid heights and bridging the gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO. The Amazon basin and the area of Poland were chosen as study areas. Monthly Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) developed using N-DGSMs data were utilized to determine temporal variations of geoid heights over the chosen study areas. Then, the obtained temporal variations of geoid heights were evaluated using ITSG-GRACE2016 GGMs. Time series of geoid height variations determined from GGMs of some N-DGSMs were smoothed using a moving average. The main findings reveal that for areas characterized with strong mass transport, e.g. the Amazon basin, correlation coefficients between smoothed temporal variations of geoid heights from GGMs of some N-DGSMs and temporal variations of geoid heights from the ITSG-GRACE2016 GGMs reach the level of 0.6. For areas with a weak mass transport signal as for Poland, N-DGSMs-based GGMs investigated seem unsuitable for determining temporal variations of geoid heights.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986144.v1
title: FOUR DECADES OF HYDROLOGICAL PROCESS SIMULATION OF THE ITACAIÚNAS RIVER WATERSHED, SOUTHEAST AMAZON

description: Abstract The impacts of anthropogenic degradation are becoming increasingly more evident in the Amazon and are jeopardizing its environmental systems and water resources, particularly in low monitored watersheds. Thus, the use of hydrological models is necessary to gain an understanding of these impacts on Amazonian river systems. The aim of this study was to analyze the simulation of some hydrological processes in the Itacaiúnas River watershed and its relation with human-induced impacts in the Southeast region of the Pará state using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. SWAT modeling requires several databases, such as relief, land use and land occupation, soil type, and climatic and hydrological variables. These data are input parameters for the SWAT model. The results showed that the hydrological variables in the Amazon tend to follow the seasonal precipitation cycle, with the highest values occurring between January and June and lowest between July and November. It was evident that base and lateral flows are responsible for maintaining perennial river flow during the dry season. Regarding anthropogenic actions in the watershed, precipitation, evapotranspiration, and sediment transportation are clearly affected by environmental degradation, as well as by the replacement of forest by grassland and mining activities. The results may assist in public policy including mitigation and adaptation of environmental systems in the region. In addition, they can improve the management of natural resources in the Itacaiúnas River watershed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986135
title: KLOBUCHAR AND NEQUICK G IONOSPHERIC MODELS COMPARISON FOR MULTI-GNSS SINGLE-FREQUENCY CODE POINT POSITIONING IN THE BRAZILIAN REGION

description: Abstract One of the main error sources in GNSS positioning comes from the ionosphere, an atmospheric layer that stays in the signal path between the satellite and the receiver. For single frequency positioning, the ionospheric effects can be minimized by using an ionospheric model e.g. Klobuchar or NeQuick G. These models are respectively associated to GPS and Galileo systems through their navigation messages, which broadcast coefficients that describe the worldwide ionospheric behavior, and the calculated ionospheric delay is then applied in the pseudorange observations. In this paper, it is presented a comparison between these two models in multi-GNSS (GPS and Galileo) single frequency point positioning, considering two Brazilian stations at different magnetic latitudes, and covered months of weak and strong ionospheric activity from 2013 to 2018. The results indicate a better performance of NeQuick G model compared to the Klobuchar. Considering all the analyzed periods and stations, Klobuchar improves the positioning accuracy in 16% and 50% in periods of weak and strong ionospheric activity, respectively, while NeQuick G improves the accuracy in 31% and 55%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986141.v1
title: ON THE RECOVERY OF TEMPORAL VARIATIONS OF GEOID HEIGHTS DETERMINED WITH THE USE OF GGMS BASED ON SST-HL DATA FROM NON-DEDICATED GRAVITY SATELLITE MISSIONS

description: Abstract Over 15 years the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) had considerably contributed to the determination of temporal variations of geoid heights. In May 2018, GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) was launched. The aim of this contribution is to assess the suitability of data from non-dedicated gravity satellite missions (N-DGSMs) for the determination of temporal variations of geoid heights and bridging the gap between GRACE and GRACE-FO. The Amazon basin and the area of Poland were chosen as study areas. Monthly Global Geopotential Models (GGMs) developed using N-DGSMs data were utilized to determine temporal variations of geoid heights over the chosen study areas. Then, the obtained temporal variations of geoid heights were evaluated using ITSG-GRACE2016 GGMs. Time series of geoid height variations determined from GGMs of some N-DGSMs were smoothed using a moving average. The main findings reveal that for areas characterized with strong mass transport, e.g. the Amazon basin, correlation coefficients between smoothed temporal variations of geoid heights from GGMs of some N-DGSMs and temporal variations of geoid heights from the ITSG-GRACE2016 GGMs reach the level of 0.6. For areas with a weak mass transport signal as for Poland, N-DGSMs-based GGMs investigated seem unsuitable for determining temporal variations of geoid heights.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986135.v1
title: KLOBUCHAR AND NEQUICK G IONOSPHERIC MODELS COMPARISON FOR MULTI-GNSS SINGLE-FREQUENCY CODE POINT POSITIONING IN THE BRAZILIAN REGION

description: Abstract One of the main error sources in GNSS positioning comes from the ionosphere, an atmospheric layer that stays in the signal path between the satellite and the receiver. For single frequency positioning, the ionospheric effects can be minimized by using an ionospheric model e.g. Klobuchar or NeQuick G. These models are respectively associated to GPS and Galileo systems through their navigation messages, which broadcast coefficients that describe the worldwide ionospheric behavior, and the calculated ionospheric delay is then applied in the pseudorange observations. In this paper, it is presented a comparison between these two models in multi-GNSS (GPS and Galileo) single frequency point positioning, considering two Brazilian stations at different magnetic latitudes, and covered months of weak and strong ionospheric activity from 2013 to 2018. The results indicate a better performance of NeQuick G model compared to the Klobuchar. Considering all the analyzed periods and stations, Klobuchar improves the positioning accuracy in 16% and 50% in periods of weak and strong ionospheric activity, respectively, while NeQuick G improves the accuracy in 31% and 55%.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986123
title: Incidence of stalk rots in corn hybrids influenced by sowing time and nitrogen rates

description: ABSTRACT Stalk rots compromise the translocation of water and nutrients, affecting grain filling. This study aimed to quantify the incidence of stalk rots in corn hybrids depending on sowing time and nitrogen topdressing rate, and to assess any correlation with grain yield. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Atalanta, Santa Catarina state, Brazil, using a split-split-plot randomized block design. The hybrids AG 9025 PRO3 (super-early) and 30F53 VYH (early) were sown in the preferential (September 20) and late (December 5) sowing seasons with four nitrogen rates (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg·ha–1). The population density was 75,000 plants·ha–1 andthe nitrogen topdressing was carried out at the V4, V8, and V12 stages. The fungus Colletotrichum graminicola predominated in both hybrids and its presence was negatively correlated with stalk diameter and yield. The hybrid AG9025 PRO3 was more susceptible to stalk rot (35.1%) than the hybrid 30F53 VYH (8.8%). A higher incidence of stalk rot was observed in the late sowing season (31.1%) than in the preferential sowing season (11.2%). A decrease in the incidence of stalk rot was observed in the hybrid AG9025 PRO3 as nitrogen rates increased, but this behavior was not clearly observed in the hybrid 30F53 VYH.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986126
title: Myelography in calves: a comparative study between the contrast agents iopamidol and iohexol

description: ABSTRACT Due to the scarcity of myelogenous studies in cattle, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and distribution of iopamidol and iohexol contrast agents in calves, in order to determine guidelines for obtaining diagnostic radiographs of spinal cord disorders in these animals. Ten healthy Holstein calves, seven days to two months of age, were divided into two groups, according to the contrast medium applied. Myelographic studies of the spine were performed with the calves in lateral recumbency, with radiographs repeated 20 times during a two-hour period. On the radiographs, the contrast medium was analyzed for opacity, detail of the image, distension of the medullary canal, and progression of the contrast line. After seven days, the myelographic studies were repeated, with the contrast media exchanged between the groups. There were no significant differences in the quality of the images and speed of the spinal column filling between the two contrast media. Furthermore, the best quality radiographic images were obtained six to eight minutes after injection of the contrast in the cervical spinal segment, 80 minutes in the thoracic, and 20 minutes in the lumbar, sacral, and cauda equina segments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986123.v1
title: Incidence of stalk rots in corn hybrids influenced by sowing time and nitrogen rates

description: ABSTRACT Stalk rots compromise the translocation of water and nutrients, affecting grain filling. This study aimed to quantify the incidence of stalk rots in corn hybrids depending on sowing time and nitrogen topdressing rate, and to assess any correlation with grain yield. The experiment was conducted under field conditions in Atalanta, Santa Catarina state, Brazil, using a split-split-plot randomized block design. The hybrids AG 9025 PRO3 (super-early) and 30F53 VYH (early) were sown in the preferential (September 20) and late (December 5) sowing seasons with four nitrogen rates (0, 150, 300, and 450 kg·ha–1). The population density was 75,000 plants·ha–1 andthe nitrogen topdressing was carried out at the V4, V8, and V12 stages. The fungus Colletotrichum graminicola predominated in both hybrids and its presence was negatively correlated with stalk diameter and yield. The hybrid AG9025 PRO3 was more susceptible to stalk rot (35.1%) than the hybrid 30F53 VYH (8.8%). A higher incidence of stalk rot was observed in the late sowing season (31.1%) than in the preferential sowing season (11.2%). A decrease in the incidence of stalk rot was observed in the hybrid AG9025 PRO3 as nitrogen rates increased, but this behavior was not clearly observed in the hybrid 30F53 VYH.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986126.v1
title: Myelography in calves: a comparative study between the contrast agents iopamidol and iohexol

description: ABSTRACT Due to the scarcity of myelogenous studies in cattle, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and distribution of iopamidol and iohexol contrast agents in calves, in order to determine guidelines for obtaining diagnostic radiographs of spinal cord disorders in these animals. Ten healthy Holstein calves, seven days to two months of age, were divided into two groups, according to the contrast medium applied. Myelographic studies of the spine were performed with the calves in lateral recumbency, with radiographs repeated 20 times during a two-hour period. On the radiographs, the contrast medium was analyzed for opacity, detail of the image, distension of the medullary canal, and progression of the contrast line. After seven days, the myelographic studies were repeated, with the contrast media exchanged between the groups. There were no significant differences in the quality of the images and speed of the spinal column filling between the two contrast media. Furthermore, the best quality radiographic images were obtained six to eight minutes after injection of the contrast in the cervical spinal segment, 80 minutes in the thoracic, and 20 minutes in the lumbar, sacral, and cauda equina segments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986105
title: Evolutionary aspects on the origin, distribution and ramifications of the ischiadicus nerve in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

description: ABSTRACT This work aimed to describe the origin, distribution, and ramifications of the ischiadicus nerve in the giant anteater and to provide anatomical data which could explain not only the evolutionary aspects but also provide important information for other related works. For the present study, four specimens were used, prepared by perfusion of 10% formaldehyde solution via the femoral artery, for conservation and dissection. The origin of the right and left ischiadicus nerves in the giant anteater from the ventral ramification of the third lumbar (L3) and the first (S1), second (S2), and third (S3) sacral spinal nerves. These nerves were symmetrical in all animals studied. The distribution and ramification occurred to the superficial, middle, and deep gluteal, gemelli, piriform, quadratus femoris, tensor fasciae latae, caudal crural abductor, cranial and caudal parts of the biceps femoris, adductor, semitendinous, and cranial and caudal parts of the semimembranous muscles. Based on the origins of the ischiadicus nerves, there is a caudal migration in the nerve location in animals in a more recent position on the evolutionary scale due to reconfiguration of the lumbosacral plexus, resulting from the increase in a number of lumbar vertebrae. There is no complete homology of the muscle innervation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986105.v1
title: Evolutionary aspects on the origin, distribution and ramifications of the ischiadicus nerve in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla)

description: ABSTRACT This work aimed to describe the origin, distribution, and ramifications of the ischiadicus nerve in the giant anteater and to provide anatomical data which could explain not only the evolutionary aspects but also provide important information for other related works. For the present study, four specimens were used, prepared by perfusion of 10% formaldehyde solution via the femoral artery, for conservation and dissection. The origin of the right and left ischiadicus nerves in the giant anteater from the ventral ramification of the third lumbar (L3) and the first (S1), second (S2), and third (S3) sacral spinal nerves. These nerves were symmetrical in all animals studied. The distribution and ramification occurred to the superficial, middle, and deep gluteal, gemelli, piriform, quadratus femoris, tensor fasciae latae, caudal crural abductor, cranial and caudal parts of the biceps femoris, adductor, semitendinous, and cranial and caudal parts of the semimembranous muscles. Based on the origins of the ischiadicus nerves, there is a caudal migration in the nerve location in animals in a more recent position on the evolutionary scale due to reconfiguration of the lumbosacral plexus, resulting from the increase in a number of lumbar vertebrae. There is no complete homology of the muscle innervation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986087
title: Standardization of a pcr for molecular diagnosis of microsporum canis in samples of fur and crusts of dogs and cats

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to standardize a Polymerase Chain Reaction protocol (PCR) for the detection of Microsporum canis in fur and/or crusts of dogs and cats. 48 samples previously identified by culture were selected. Of these, 23 were positive for dermatophytes in culture. PCR was standardized from drawn primers whose target is M. canis. A total of 61% (14/23) of the dermatophyte positive samples were identified as M. canis in culture. Of this total, 71.4% (10/14) presented a fragment of 218bp compatible with that expected for the fungal species target of the reaction. A sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 100% in the PCR were observed, in addition to a good agreement between the techniques (Kappa: 0.78; P&lt; 0.0001). The protocol used in this study showed high specificity in the detection of M. canis directly from fur and/or crusts of dogs and cats, making possible a faster and more specific diagnosis. This protocol could be used as a confirmatory method, speeding the detection of M. canis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986084
title: Training Model for Intrauterine Device Insertion

description: ABSTRACT Introduction Learning by practicing exclusively on patients is becoming increasingly unacceptable in medical training. Simulation-based teaching is a tool capable of generating skills and competences efficiently and in a controlled environment, without causing harm to patients. Gynecology is a medical specialty that depends on well-structured training; an important gynecological procedure is the insertion of copper intrauterine devices. In order to increase the supply of this contraceptive method to the population the relevant health professionals need to be adequately trained. Physical simulators imitate reality and assist in skills acquisition. Therefore, structured training based on simulation to teach the insertion of intrauterine devices is of fundamental importance to the teaching of gynecology. Objective To develop a training model for skills acquisition for the insertion of intrauterine devices. Method A simulator (utility model) was developed for the insertion of intrauterine devices, composed of a rigid rectangular base made of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, measuring 17 cm x 15 cm x 21 cm and weighing 420 g. Attached to this support is a semi-flexible structure made of flexible polylactic acid, composed of a prototype vaginal canal, with a uterine cervix and vulvar region, similar to the human anatomy. Fifteen gynecology and obstetrics residents were selected for theoretical and practical training with the simulator proposed by the study for the training of intrauterine copper device insertion. The simulator used in this study was evaluated by specialists in gynecology and obstetrics, who validated it for use in teaching. Results A statistically significant improvement was found in the evaluated parameters, comparing the initial evaluation and the final evaluation of the residents, whose final performances displayed homogeneity. In the initial evaluation only 40% of the devices were well positioned, in contrast to a 93.3% rate of successfull insertion following implementation of the training model. Conclusion A training model was developed to simulate the performance of copper intrauterine device insertion and contributed to the acquisition of skills for this task when applied to gynecology and obstetrics residents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986087.v1
title: Standardization of a pcr for molecular diagnosis of microsporum canis in samples of fur and crusts of dogs and cats

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to standardize a Polymerase Chain Reaction protocol (PCR) for the detection of Microsporum canis in fur and/or crusts of dogs and cats. 48 samples previously identified by culture were selected. Of these, 23 were positive for dermatophytes in culture. PCR was standardized from drawn primers whose target is M. canis. A total of 61% (14/23) of the dermatophyte positive samples were identified as M. canis in culture. Of this total, 71.4% (10/14) presented a fragment of 218bp compatible with that expected for the fungal species target of the reaction. A sensitivity of 71.4% and specificity of 100% in the PCR were observed, in addition to a good agreement between the techniques (Kappa: 0.78; P&lt; 0.0001). The protocol used in this study showed high specificity in the detection of M. canis directly from fur and/or crusts of dogs and cats, making possible a faster and more specific diagnosis. This protocol could be used as a confirmatory method, speeding the detection of M. canis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9986075
title: Critical Review of the Book: Theory of Addiction

description: ABSTRACT This is a review of the book Theory of Addiction, by Jamie Brown and Robert West, published in the UK by Wiley Blackwell in 2013. The PRIME Theory of Behaviour Change is presented and the author discusses its applicability to studies or interventions aimed at changing behaviours in the field of medical education.