cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991397
title: Improvement of saline soils with Vicia sativa L. from a semiarid region

description: ABSTRACT In the Cienega de Chapala region of the state of Michoacan, Mexico, forage crops form a major pillar for traditional livestock systems. In this region, high soil salinity due to poor groundwater quality is a common problem. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of the forage species Vicia sativa L. for improved saline soil in a greenhouse and non-leaching conditions over the course of 90 days. In this experiment, three levels of NaCl salinity were tested: 5.3, 7.12 and 10.8 dS∙m–1. Samples of soil were analyzed for electrical conductivity of the saturation paste extract (ECe), soluble and interchangeable cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) content. Then, the forage species Vicia sativa L were divided into three categories (leaf, stem, and root) and their shoot biomass production and Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ content was determined. Analysis of variance was performed to examine the effects of salinity on each of the evaluated variables; Tukey’s test was used to detect differences between the mean values of the variables per treatment. In a greenhouse experiment, the species V. sativa is confirmed to be tolerant to a moderately saline level. The high concentrations of Na+ found in both the stems and leaves of this plant confirm that it may be used for the improvement of moderately saline soils. The decrease in pH, ECe, SAR and ESP in the pots via non-leaching conditions confirmed their role in the improvement of the chemical characteristics of the soil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991391
title: New Holocene pollen records from the Brazilian Caatinga

description: Abstract We present two pollen diagrams from the semi-arid Caatinga of the Catimbau National Park, in Pernambuco and from a Mauritia palm forest in the Caatinga/Cerrado ecotone of southern Piauí, NE Brazil, spanning the last 10,000 cal. yrs BP and the last 1,750 cal yrs BP, respectively. These two records contain a signature of the local vegetation and permit the correlation of the pollen signal with regional climatic changes. The Catimbau record shows Zizyphus sp., a typical Caatinga taxon, in all three pollen zones indicating regional Caatinga vegetation and the predominance of local arboreal taxa adapted to high humidity from 10,000 to ca. 6,000 cal. yrs BP with a gradual tendency towards drier conditions revealed by a deposition hiatus between 6,000 to ca. 2,000 cal. yrs BP. This abrupt loss of sediments in both localities is interpreted as a consequence of the establishment of modern semi-arid climates. The subsequent return of humidity is signaled by increased sedimentation rates and 14C date inversions in agreement with high precipitation, revealed by σ18O ratios in speleothems from NE Brazil. Modern sediments deposited in the last 500 years reflect local conditions with the maintenance of humidity by geological faulting and surfacing water tables.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991391.v1
title: New Holocene pollen records from the Brazilian Caatinga

description: Abstract We present two pollen diagrams from the semi-arid Caatinga of the Catimbau National Park, in Pernambuco and from a Mauritia palm forest in the Caatinga/Cerrado ecotone of southern Piauí, NE Brazil, spanning the last 10,000 cal. yrs BP and the last 1,750 cal yrs BP, respectively. These two records contain a signature of the local vegetation and permit the correlation of the pollen signal with regional climatic changes. The Catimbau record shows Zizyphus sp., a typical Caatinga taxon, in all three pollen zones indicating regional Caatinga vegetation and the predominance of local arboreal taxa adapted to high humidity from 10,000 to ca. 6,000 cal. yrs BP with a gradual tendency towards drier conditions revealed by a deposition hiatus between 6,000 to ca. 2,000 cal. yrs BP. This abrupt loss of sediments in both localities is interpreted as a consequence of the establishment of modern semi-arid climates. The subsequent return of humidity is signaled by increased sedimentation rates and 14C date inversions in agreement with high precipitation, revealed by σ18O ratios in speleothems from NE Brazil. Modern sediments deposited in the last 500 years reflect local conditions with the maintenance of humidity by geological faulting and surfacing water tables.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991397.v1
title: Improvement of saline soils with Vicia sativa L. from a semiarid region

description: ABSTRACT In the Cienega de Chapala region of the state of Michoacan, Mexico, forage crops form a major pillar for traditional livestock systems. In this region, high soil salinity due to poor groundwater quality is a common problem. Thus, the objective of this research was to evaluate the potential of the forage species Vicia sativa L. for improved saline soil in a greenhouse and non-leaching conditions over the course of 90 days. In this experiment, three levels of NaCl salinity were tested: 5.3, 7.12 and 10.8 dS∙m–1. Samples of soil were analyzed for electrical conductivity of the saturation paste extract (ECe), soluble and interchangeable cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+) content. Then, the forage species Vicia sativa L were divided into three categories (leaf, stem, and root) and their shoot biomass production and Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ content was determined. Analysis of variance was performed to examine the effects of salinity on each of the evaluated variables; Tukey’s test was used to detect differences between the mean values of the variables per treatment. In a greenhouse experiment, the species V. sativa is confirmed to be tolerant to a moderately saline level. The high concentrations of Na+ found in both the stems and leaves of this plant confirm that it may be used for the improvement of moderately saline soils. The decrease in pH, ECe, SAR and ESP in the pots via non-leaching conditions confirmed their role in the improvement of the chemical characteristics of the soil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991385
title: Massive attack by honeybees in a German shepherd dog: description of a fatal case and review of the literature

description: In the present study, a fatal case caused by honeybee (Apis cerana) stings was documented in a female German shepherd dog that was presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Characteristic clinical signs included hematuria, hematemesis, incoordination and convulsions along with evidence of massive honeybee attack supported the diagnosis of envenomation. The dog was treated with dexamethasone and diphenhydramine, but it did not respond to therapy and died. This outcome could be avoided if we had a bee antivenom available for treating envenomated patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991388
title: Nutritional composition of Imbu-Cajá jellies during room temperature storage

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional composition of imbu-cajá jellies made with sucrose and aspartame during room temperature storage. The formulations were prepared from a mixture of 4 parts of water to 6 parts of pulp, pectin and crystal sugar, in conventional formulations, and aspartame in the dietary formulations. The formulations were heated and concentrated to approximately 63°Brix (conventional jellies with sugar) and 12.5°Brix (dietary jellies with aspartame), then packaged in transparent glass jars, and held for 180 days under ambient conditions, with an analysis of the nutritional composition at zero time (after processing) and after every 30 days of storage. It was verified that the dietary jellies showed good nutritional stability during the storage period, and no significant changes were detected in the values for ash, water content, proteins, caloric value, carbohydrates and total sugars. As for the conventional jellies, it was found that the 180 days of storage promoted significant increases in carbohydrates, calories and reducing sugars, and significant reductions in the water content, total sugars and non-reducing sugars, while the ash values remained statistically stable as also those of the proteins.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991385.v1
title: Massive attack by honeybees in a German shepherd dog: description of a fatal case and review of the literature

description: In the present study, a fatal case caused by honeybee (Apis cerana) stings was documented in a female German shepherd dog that was presented at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Characteristic clinical signs included hematuria, hematemesis, incoordination and convulsions along with evidence of massive honeybee attack supported the diagnosis of envenomation. The dog was treated with dexamethasone and diphenhydramine, but it did not respond to therapy and died. This outcome could be avoided if we had a bee antivenom available for treating envenomated patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991388.v1
title: Nutritional composition of Imbu-Cajá jellies during room temperature storage

description: Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional composition of imbu-cajá jellies made with sucrose and aspartame during room temperature storage. The formulations were prepared from a mixture of 4 parts of water to 6 parts of pulp, pectin and crystal sugar, in conventional formulations, and aspartame in the dietary formulations. The formulations were heated and concentrated to approximately 63°Brix (conventional jellies with sugar) and 12.5°Brix (dietary jellies with aspartame), then packaged in transparent glass jars, and held for 180 days under ambient conditions, with an analysis of the nutritional composition at zero time (after processing) and after every 30 days of storage. It was verified that the dietary jellies showed good nutritional stability during the storage period, and no significant changes were detected in the values for ash, water content, proteins, caloric value, carbohydrates and total sugars. As for the conventional jellies, it was found that the 180 days of storage promoted significant increases in carbohydrates, calories and reducing sugars, and significant reductions in the water content, total sugars and non-reducing sugars, while the ash values remained statistically stable as also those of the proteins.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991379
title: Transaxillary single-port subtotal parathyroidectomy: feasibility study in cadavers

description: ABSTRACT Objective : to test the minimally invasive technique of single-port transaxillary subtotal parathyroidectomy in non-formalized cadavers to evaluate its viability and reproduction. Method : we performed ten subtotal parathyroidectomies through a transaxillary TriPort access in cadavers. The technique consisted of access through the axillary fossa, creating a subcutaneous tunnel to the anterior cervical region, for handling of the thyroid gland and dissection and resection of the parathyroid glands. Results : all surgeries were successful. The mean time of surgery was 65 minutes (57-79 min), with uncomplicated identification of all anatomical structures. There was no need for complementary incisions in the cervical region. Conclusion : the transaxillary single-port subtotal parathyroidectomy technique was feasible and reproducible, suggesting an alternative for minimally invasive cervical surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991382
title: Sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from forest areas in Botucatu municipality, central western São Paulo State, Brazil

description: Background The study of the distribution and ecology of sandfly species is essential for epidemiological surveillance and estimation of the transmission risk of Leishmania spp. infection. Findings In the present study, sandflies were captured in native fragmented forest areas in Rubião Júnior district, Botucatu municipality, São Paulo state, Brazil, between September 2001 and January 2005. A minimum of two automatic light traps were installed per night from 6 pm to 8 am, in different months, resulting in approximately 900 collecting hours. During this period, 216 sandfly specimens of sixteen species were captured. Pintomyia monticola and Brumptomyia guimaraesi were the most abundant with 56 specimens (25.93%) captured per species, followed by Pintomyia fischeri 28 (12.96%) and Psathyromyia pascalei 18 (8.33%). Other captured species were Lutzomyia amarali, Sciopemyia sordellii, Psathyromyia aragaoi , Nyssomyia whitmani, Migonemyia migonei, Pintomyia bianchigalatiae, Pintomyia misionensis, Brumptomyia carvalheiroi , Brumptomyia cardosoi, Brumptomyia cunhai, Brumptomyia nitzulescui, Brumptomyia brumpti and Brumptomyia spp . represented by 58 (26.85%) specimens. Conclusions Although less frequently found, the presence of Pintomyia fischeri, Nyssomyia whitmani and Migonemyia migonei , known vectors of Leishmania braziliensis, indicates risk of American cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence. Moreover, the absence of Lutzomyia longipalpis -the main vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi, which is the agent of American visceral leishmaniasis-suggests that there is no risk of introduction and establishment of this disease in the studied area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991379.v1
title: Transaxillary single-port subtotal parathyroidectomy: feasibility study in cadavers

description: ABSTRACT Objective : to test the minimally invasive technique of single-port transaxillary subtotal parathyroidectomy in non-formalized cadavers to evaluate its viability and reproduction. Method : we performed ten subtotal parathyroidectomies through a transaxillary TriPort access in cadavers. The technique consisted of access through the axillary fossa, creating a subcutaneous tunnel to the anterior cervical region, for handling of the thyroid gland and dissection and resection of the parathyroid glands. Results : all surgeries were successful. The mean time of surgery was 65 minutes (57-79 min), with uncomplicated identification of all anatomical structures. There was no need for complementary incisions in the cervical region. Conclusion : the transaxillary single-port subtotal parathyroidectomy technique was feasible and reproducible, suggesting an alternative for minimally invasive cervical surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991382.v1
title: Sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from forest areas in Botucatu municipality, central western São Paulo State, Brazil

description: Background The study of the distribution and ecology of sandfly species is essential for epidemiological surveillance and estimation of the transmission risk of Leishmania spp. infection. Findings In the present study, sandflies were captured in native fragmented forest areas in Rubião Júnior district, Botucatu municipality, São Paulo state, Brazil, between September 2001 and January 2005. A minimum of two automatic light traps were installed per night from 6 pm to 8 am, in different months, resulting in approximately 900 collecting hours. During this period, 216 sandfly specimens of sixteen species were captured. Pintomyia monticola and Brumptomyia guimaraesi were the most abundant with 56 specimens (25.93%) captured per species, followed by Pintomyia fischeri 28 (12.96%) and Psathyromyia pascalei 18 (8.33%). Other captured species were Lutzomyia amarali, Sciopemyia sordellii, Psathyromyia aragaoi , Nyssomyia whitmani, Migonemyia migonei, Pintomyia bianchigalatiae, Pintomyia misionensis, Brumptomyia carvalheiroi , Brumptomyia cardosoi, Brumptomyia cunhai, Brumptomyia nitzulescui, Brumptomyia brumpti and Brumptomyia spp . represented by 58 (26.85%) specimens. Conclusions Although less frequently found, the presence of Pintomyia fischeri, Nyssomyia whitmani and Migonemyia migonei , known vectors of Leishmania braziliensis, indicates risk of American cutaneous leishmaniasis occurrence. Moreover, the absence of Lutzomyia longipalpis -the main vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi, which is the agent of American visceral leishmaniasis-suggests that there is no risk of introduction and establishment of this disease in the studied area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991322
title: Mapping Mangrove Extent and Change: A Globally Applicable Approach - Dataset

description: This study demonstrates a globally applicable method for monitoring mangrove forest extent at high spatial resolution. A 2010 mangrove baseline was classified for 16 study areas using a combination of ALOS PALSAR and Landsat composite imagery within a random forests classifier. A novel map-to-image change method was used to detect annual and decadal changes in extent using ALOS PALSAR/JERS-1 imagery. The map-to-image method presented makes fewer assumptions of the data than existing methods, is less sensitive to variation between scenes due to environmental factors (e.g., tide or soil moisture) and is able to automatically identify a change threshold. Change maps were derived from the 2010 baseline to 1996 using JERS-1 SAR and to 2007, 2008 and 2009 using ALOS PALSAR. This study demonstrated results for 16 known hotspots of mangrove change distributed globally, with a total mangrove area of 2,529,760 ha. The method was demonstrated to have accuracies consistently in excess of 90% (overall accuracy: 92.2-93.3%, kappa: 0.86) for mapping baseline extent. The accuracies of the change maps were more variable and were dependent upon the time period between images and number of change features. Total change from 1996-2010 was 204,850 ha (127,990 ha gain, 76,860 ha loss), with the highest gains observed in French Guiana (15,570 ha) and the highest losses observed in East Kalimantan, Indonesia (23,003 ha). Changes in mangrove extent were the consequence of both natural and anthropogenic drivers, yielding net increases or decreases in extent dependent upon the study site. These updated maps are of importance to the mangrove research community, particularly as the continual updating of the baseline with currently available and anticipated spaceborne sensors. It is recommended that mangrove baselines are updated on at least a 5-year interval to suit the requirements of policy makers.<br><br>AcknowledgmentsThe authors are thankful to the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) for providing JERS-1/ALOS data for this study.<br>The Global Mangrove WatchThe Global Mangrove Watch (GMW) is an international science collaboration initiated in 2011 by the Japanese Space Agency. The GMW is part of the Wetlands Theme of the ALOS Kyoto & Carbon Initiative. The GMW homepage is: http://www.eorc.jaxa.jp/ALOS/en/kyoto/mangrovewatch.htm and is on Twitter as @GlobalMangroves
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991289
title: Parasites in space and time: a case study of haemosporidian spatiotemporal prevalence in urban birds

description: Prevalence responses to anthropic factors differ across hosts and parasite species. We here analyzed the spatiotemporal variation of avian haemosporidian prevalence in bird assemblages of the Mooswald forest (i.e., urban greenspace; Freiburg, Germany), in response to local environmental features (e.g., water sources, human presence [visited]/absence [unvisited]) and bird-level traits (e.g., body condition, age, sex) in two years. We used a nested PCR protocol (mtDNA cyt b gene) and microscopy to determine haemosporidian infections. Prevalence was analyzed using a general linear multi-model (glmulti) approach with Akaike information criterion (AICc), with subsequent model inferences using a GLMM on the best-selected model with species as a random factor. Analyses were conducted for the main understory bird species (Blackcap –<i>Sylvia atricapilla</i>, Chaffinch – <i>Coereba flaveola</i>, Great Tit – <i>Parus major</i>, Blue Tit – <i>Cyanestes caeruleus</i>, European Robin – <i>Erithacus rubecula</i>, Blackbird – <i>Turdus merula</i>, Song Thrush – <i>Turdus philomelos</i>). We further conducted spatial autocorrelation analyses for all haemosporidian infections, and classification and regression trees (CARTs) for focal species. We analyzed a total of 544 samples of 7 bird species. In 2011 prevalence for <i>Haemoproteus</i>/<i>Plasmodium</i>was 25.8% and 11.7% for <i>Leucocytozoon</i>. In 2013 prevalence for <i>Haemoproteus</i>/<i>Plasmodium</i>was 26.5% and 35.5% for <i>Leucocytozoon</i>. Haemosporidian prevalence was significantly different between some focal species. There was a negative association between distance to the nearest water source and prevalence in the year 2011, and the opposite pattern for the year 2013. However, when analyzed for the six focal species separately, such relationship could change from a negative to a positive one, or show no relationship at all. For <i>Leucocytozoon</i>there was higher prevalence in the visited section of the forest. We did not find spatial autocorrelation for prevalence across the study site, but there were statistically significant local spatial clusters in the visited section. Although there were similar responses of prevalence to some factors, infection patterns were generally species specific. Thus, prevalence is a labile epidemiological parameter, varying spatiotemporally in an idiosyncratic way.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6991268
title: Attention Restoration Theory II: a systematic review to clarify attention processes affected by exposure to natural environments

description: Attention Restoration Theory (ART) predicts exposure to natural environments may lead to improved cognitive performance through restoration of a limited cognitive resource, directed attention. A recent review by Ohly and colleagues (2016) uncovered substantial ambiguity surrounding details of directed attention and how cognitive restoration was tested. Therefore, an updated systematic review was conducted to identify relevant cognitive domains from which to describe elements of directed attention sensitive to the restoration effect. Forty-two articles that tested natural environments or stimuli against a suitable control, and included an objective measure of cognitive performance, had been published since July 2013. Articles were subjected to screening procedures and quality appraisal. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to calculate pooled effect sizes across 8 cognitive domains using data from 49 individual outcome measures. Results showed that working memory, cognitive flexibility, and to a less-reliable degree, attentional control, are improved after exposure to natural environments, with low to moderate effect sizes. Moderator analyses revealed that actual exposures to real environments may enhance the restoration effect within these three domains, relative to virtual exposures; however, this may also be due to differences in the typical lengths of exposure. The effect of a participants’ restoration potential, based upon diagnosis or fatigue-induction, was less clear. A new framework is presented to qualify the involvement of directed attention-related processes, using examples of tasks from the three cognitive domains found to be sensitive to the restoration effect. The review clarifies the description of cognitive processes sensitive to natural environments, using current evidence, while exploring aspects of protocol that appear influential to the strength of the restoration effect.