cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012577
title: Nitrogen and molybdenum fertilization and inoculation of common bean with Rhizobium spp. in two oxisols

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of foliar application of molybdenum and small dose of nitrogen at planting on common bean production when using seed inoculation with rhizobia. Two field experiments were conducted, applying a randomized block design and a factorial arrangement (3x2x2) + 1, with three replicates. Treatments consisted of inoculation with Rhizobium spp. (strain CIAT 899T, strain UFLA 02-100, and uninoculated), foliar application of molybdenum (0 and 80 g ha-1), and fertilization with N-urea at planting (0 and 20 kg ha-1), with an additional N treatment of 40 applied at planting and 40 kg ha-1 applied as topdressing. The foliar application of molybdenum did not favor the nodulation, but its effect on yield was dependent on the chemical soil characteristics, providing highest yield in soil at Patos de Minas with pH more acid and with higher phosphorus and organic matter concentrations. Small dose of nitrogen applied at planting did not reduce nodulation of bean inoculated with rhizobia, but it can reduce the seeds emergence, thus negatively affecting yield. The native rhizobia promoted nodulation, the plant growth, shoot N accumulation and yield similar to the treatments that received inoculations of rhizobia strains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012577.v1
title: Nitrogen and molybdenum fertilization and inoculation of common bean with Rhizobium spp. in two oxisols

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of foliar application of molybdenum and small dose of nitrogen at planting on common bean production when using seed inoculation with rhizobia. Two field experiments were conducted, applying a randomized block design and a factorial arrangement (3x2x2) + 1, with three replicates. Treatments consisted of inoculation with Rhizobium spp. (strain CIAT 899T, strain UFLA 02-100, and uninoculated), foliar application of molybdenum (0 and 80 g ha-1), and fertilization with N-urea at planting (0 and 20 kg ha-1), with an additional N treatment of 40 applied at planting and 40 kg ha-1 applied as topdressing. The foliar application of molybdenum did not favor the nodulation, but its effect on yield was dependent on the chemical soil characteristics, providing highest yield in soil at Patos de Minas with pH more acid and with higher phosphorus and organic matter concentrations. Small dose of nitrogen applied at planting did not reduce nodulation of bean inoculated with rhizobia, but it can reduce the seeds emergence, thus negatively affecting yield. The native rhizobia promoted nodulation, the plant growth, shoot N accumulation and yield similar to the treatments that received inoculations of rhizobia strains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012580
title: Distance from the edge of forest fragments influence the abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in wheat fields

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the distance from the edge of native forests on the abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies in wheat fields. The study was conducted in four commercial fields in the North of Paraná State, Brazil, during the wheat crop season of 2009. Two transects were surveyed parallel to the edge of the forest at two distances: 25 ("near") and 525 meters ("far") from the edge. The abundance of hoverflies was compared using a χ2 test (p ≤ 0.05). In total, 1,845 hoverflies adults were collected, which represented 15 species and three genera. The most abundant species was Allograpta exotica (60.43%), followed by Toxomerus dispar (17.78%) and Toxomerus watsoni (7.26%) (Diptera: Syrphidae). An important inference was that all fields showed a higher abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies closer to the edge of the forest (25 m) during the wheat tillering stage. The initial abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies in wheat fields is likely greater near the edge because of the availability of resources in the surrounding forest that enhance hoverfly survival during periods of low aphid infestation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012578
title: Occurrence of Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and aflatoxins in corn hybrids with different systems of storage

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to assess alternatives for viable corn storage for small rural properties in two annual storage experiments. A 4×5 factorial design was used with four types of storage (conventional bags, hermetic bags, metal silos and corncobs) and five periods of storage (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months). We used corn hybrids 2B688RR and 30K73Hx cultivated in winter 2012 and summer 2012/2013 in the city of Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil. The moisture contents, counts of Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp., and the occurrence of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) were assessed. The kernels stored in hermetic bags had lower moisture contents. Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. were observed in 20.37 and 86.11% of winter storage samples, respectively, and in 83.3 and 91.6% of summer storage samples, respectively. The storage system and time of storage had no influence on the occurrence of Aspergillus sp. and aflatoxins in the winter crop samples. The corncobs from the summer crop samples had the lowest counts of Aspergillus sp. and did not have aflatoxins. We detected aflatoxins at concentrations of 2.8-14.5 and 3-197.5 µg kg-1 in the winter and summer crop samples, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012578.v1
title: Occurrence of Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., and aflatoxins in corn hybrids with different systems of storage

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to assess alternatives for viable corn storage for small rural properties in two annual storage experiments. A 4×5 factorial design was used with four types of storage (conventional bags, hermetic bags, metal silos and corncobs) and five periods of storage (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months). We used corn hybrids 2B688RR and 30K73Hx cultivated in winter 2012 and summer 2012/2013 in the city of Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil. The moisture contents, counts of Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp., and the occurrence of aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1 and G2) were assessed. The kernels stored in hermetic bags had lower moisture contents. Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. were observed in 20.37 and 86.11% of winter storage samples, respectively, and in 83.3 and 91.6% of summer storage samples, respectively. The storage system and time of storage had no influence on the occurrence of Aspergillus sp. and aflatoxins in the winter crop samples. The corncobs from the summer crop samples had the lowest counts of Aspergillus sp. and did not have aflatoxins. We detected aflatoxins at concentrations of 2.8-14.5 and 3-197.5 µg kg-1 in the winter and summer crop samples, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012580.v1
title: Distance from the edge of forest fragments influence the abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in wheat fields

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the distance from the edge of native forests on the abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies in wheat fields. The study was conducted in four commercial fields in the North of Paraná State, Brazil, during the wheat crop season of 2009. Two transects were surveyed parallel to the edge of the forest at two distances: 25 ("near") and 525 meters ("far") from the edge. The abundance of hoverflies was compared using a χ2 test (p ≤ 0.05). In total, 1,845 hoverflies adults were collected, which represented 15 species and three genera. The most abundant species was Allograpta exotica (60.43%), followed by Toxomerus dispar (17.78%) and Toxomerus watsoni (7.26%) (Diptera: Syrphidae). An important inference was that all fields showed a higher abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies closer to the edge of the forest (25 m) during the wheat tillering stage. The initial abundance of aphidophagous hoverflies in wheat fields is likely greater near the edge because of the availability of resources in the surrounding forest that enhance hoverfly survival during periods of low aphid infestation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012581.v1
title: Mycorrhizal association in soybean and weeds in competition

description: ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mycorrhizal association on the interference of Bidens pilosa, Urochloa decumbens and Eleusine indica on soybean culture in two conditions: a) plants competing without contact with roots of another species; b) with contact between roots. At 60 days after planting, growth, nutrient accumulation and mycorrhizal colonization of soybean and weeds were evaluated. The contact between roots of soybean plant and weed species increased the negative interference effects for both species, with less growth and nutrient accumulation. With the individualization of roots, higher competition occurred for soil resources up to 60 days of coexistence between species. In competition with soybean, Bidens pilosa and Urochloa decumbens stood out in accumulation of most nutrients without differing from when cultivated in monocultivation. The increase of the soybean mycorrhizal colonization was 53, 40 and 33% when in competition with Urochloa decumbens, Eleusine indica and Bidens pilosa species, respectively. A positive interaction occurred for soybean mycorrhizal colonization and competing plants irrespective of weed species or root contact.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012581
title: Mycorrhizal association in soybean and weeds in competition

description: ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of mycorrhizal association on the interference of Bidens pilosa, Urochloa decumbens and Eleusine indica on soybean culture in two conditions: a) plants competing without contact with roots of another species; b) with contact between roots. At 60 days after planting, growth, nutrient accumulation and mycorrhizal colonization of soybean and weeds were evaluated. The contact between roots of soybean plant and weed species increased the negative interference effects for both species, with less growth and nutrient accumulation. With the individualization of roots, higher competition occurred for soil resources up to 60 days of coexistence between species. In competition with soybean, Bidens pilosa and Urochloa decumbens stood out in accumulation of most nutrients without differing from when cultivated in monocultivation. The increase of the soybean mycorrhizal colonization was 53, 40 and 33% when in competition with Urochloa decumbens, Eleusine indica and Bidens pilosa species, respectively. A positive interaction occurred for soybean mycorrhizal colonization and competing plants irrespective of weed species or root contact.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012584
title: Classification of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum races in differential cultivars of common bean

description: ABSTRACT Anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the main diseases affecting the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and the pathogen is characterized by wide variability, with more than 50 physiological races identified in Brazil. Greater occurrences of races 65, 73, and 81 have been observed in Brazil along with the occurrence of pathogenic variability among isolates of a single race, destabilizing the resistance of commercial cultivars. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify physiological races of C. lindemuthianum isolates collected in the states of São Paulo and Santa Catarina, Brazil and to test for variability among the isolates of race 65. The classification of 51 isolates resulted in the identification of 10 different physiological races: 4, 38, 55, 65, 73, 81, 83, 85, 321, and 351. Races 65 and 81 predominated, with frequencies of 37.25 and 35.29%, respectively. Regarding the isolates of race 65, wide physiological variability was evident, suggesting that a new differential set should be applied to detect the levels of variation among isolates of a single race of the pathogen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012584.v1
title: Classification of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum races in differential cultivars of common bean

description: ABSTRACT Anthracnose caused by the fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum is one of the main diseases affecting the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and the pathogen is characterized by wide variability, with more than 50 physiological races identified in Brazil. Greater occurrences of races 65, 73, and 81 have been observed in Brazil along with the occurrence of pathogenic variability among isolates of a single race, destabilizing the resistance of commercial cultivars. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify physiological races of C. lindemuthianum isolates collected in the states of São Paulo and Santa Catarina, Brazil and to test for variability among the isolates of race 65. The classification of 51 isolates resulted in the identification of 10 different physiological races: 4, 38, 55, 65, 73, 81, 83, 85, 321, and 351. Races 65 and 81 predominated, with frequencies of 37.25 and 35.29%, respectively. Regarding the isolates of race 65, wide physiological variability was evident, suggesting that a new differential set should be applied to detect the levels of variation among isolates of a single race of the pathogen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012586
title: Effect of the flavonoid rutin on the biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

description: ABSTRACT The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of maize crops in Brazil. The effects of plant metabolites on the biology and behavior of insects is little studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of rutin on the biology of the S. frugiperda by using artificial diets containing rutin. The study evaluated four treatments: regular diet (control group) and diets containing 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg g-1 of rutin. The following biological variables parameters of the larvae were evaluated daily: development time (days), larval and pupal weight (g) and viability (%), adult longevity and total life cycle (days). A completely randomized experimental design was used with 25 replication. The rutin flavonoid negatively affected the biology of S. frugiperda by prolonging the larval development time, reducing the weight of larvae and pupae and decreasing the viability of the pupae. The addition of different concentrations of rutin prolonged the S. frugiperda life cycle. The use of plant with insecticidal activity has the potential with strategy in IPM.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012586.v1
title: Effect of the flavonoid rutin on the biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

description: ABSTRACT The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major pest of maize crops in Brazil. The effects of plant metabolites on the biology and behavior of insects is little studied. The aim of the study was to evaluate the activity of rutin on the biology of the S. frugiperda by using artificial diets containing rutin. The study evaluated four treatments: regular diet (control group) and diets containing 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg g-1 of rutin. The following biological variables parameters of the larvae were evaluated daily: development time (days), larval and pupal weight (g) and viability (%), adult longevity and total life cycle (days). A completely randomized experimental design was used with 25 replication. The rutin flavonoid negatively affected the biology of S. frugiperda by prolonging the larval development time, reducing the weight of larvae and pupae and decreasing the viability of the pupae. The addition of different concentrations of rutin prolonged the S. frugiperda life cycle. The use of plant with insecticidal activity has the potential with strategy in IPM.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012590
title: Drought tolerance in upland rice: identification of genotypes and agronomic characteristics

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify upland rice cultivars and elite lines that are tolerant to drought and the agronomic traits associated with this tolerance. Forty-one genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications in experiments with and without water stress at the Experimental Station of Emater, in Porangatu, Goiás State, in 2011 and 2012. The first experiment was well-irrigated throughout plant development and the second experiment was irrigated only up to 40 days after emergence, after which water stress was imposed. A multivariate analysis using Ward's method was applied, and the genotypes with and without water stress were classified into six and seven clusters, respectively, based on the average yield in the two years of experimentation. The most productive cluster under water stress comprised the genotypes AB062041, Douradão, Guarani, BRS Aimoré, and Tangará. The first four genotypes of this cluster were also ranked in the second most productive cluster under well-irrigated conditions. In the selection for drought tolerance, the genotypes that exhibit precocity, less dense panicles, low sterility and greater 100-grain weight under water stress should be prioritized.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012590.v1
title: Drought tolerance in upland rice: identification of genotypes and agronomic characteristics

description: ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify upland rice cultivars and elite lines that are tolerant to drought and the agronomic traits associated with this tolerance. Forty-one genotypes were evaluated in a randomized block design with three replications in experiments with and without water stress at the Experimental Station of Emater, in Porangatu, Goiás State, in 2011 and 2012. The first experiment was well-irrigated throughout plant development and the second experiment was irrigated only up to 40 days after emergence, after which water stress was imposed. A multivariate analysis using Ward's method was applied, and the genotypes with and without water stress were classified into six and seven clusters, respectively, based on the average yield in the two years of experimentation. The most productive cluster under water stress comprised the genotypes AB062041, Douradão, Guarani, BRS Aimoré, and Tangará. The first four genotypes of this cluster were also ranked in the second most productive cluster under well-irrigated conditions. In the selection for drought tolerance, the genotypes that exhibit precocity, less dense panicles, low sterility and greater 100-grain weight under water stress should be prioritized.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012595
title: Growth, grain yield and calcium, potassium and magnesium accumulation in common bean plants as related to calcium nutrition

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the plant growth and grain yield characteristics and the accumulation of calcium, potassium and magnesium in the leaves and grains of common bean cultivars grown with different calcium concentrations in the nutrient solution. Two experiments were conducted with nutrient solutions in a soilless system in a greenhouse. In the first experiment, five calcium concentrations (1.10, 1.65, 2.20, 2.75 and 3.30 mmol L-1) and three common bean cultivars (Iraí, BRS Expedito and Carioca) were evaluated. Higher calcium concentrations (2.20, 2.75, 3.30, 3.85, 4.40 and 4.95 mmol L-1) and two common bean cultivars (BRS Expedito and Carioca) were tested in the second experiment. Dry mass of the shoot and root, grain yield and calcium accumulation in the leaves and grains increased linearly in common bean plants supplied with calcium concentrations between 2.20 and 4.95 mmol L-1. The high calcium concentration did not reduce the accumulation of calcium, potassium and magnesium in the leaves and grains. Common bean plants grown with high calcium concentrations present higher dry mass of the shoot and root, high grain yield and high calcium concentration in the leaves and grains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012595.v1
title: Growth, grain yield and calcium, potassium and magnesium accumulation in common bean plants as related to calcium nutrition

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the plant growth and grain yield characteristics and the accumulation of calcium, potassium and magnesium in the leaves and grains of common bean cultivars grown with different calcium concentrations in the nutrient solution. Two experiments were conducted with nutrient solutions in a soilless system in a greenhouse. In the first experiment, five calcium concentrations (1.10, 1.65, 2.20, 2.75 and 3.30 mmol L-1) and three common bean cultivars (Iraí, BRS Expedito and Carioca) were evaluated. Higher calcium concentrations (2.20, 2.75, 3.30, 3.85, 4.40 and 4.95 mmol L-1) and two common bean cultivars (BRS Expedito and Carioca) were tested in the second experiment. Dry mass of the shoot and root, grain yield and calcium accumulation in the leaves and grains increased linearly in common bean plants supplied with calcium concentrations between 2.20 and 4.95 mmol L-1. The high calcium concentration did not reduce the accumulation of calcium, potassium and magnesium in the leaves and grains. Common bean plants grown with high calcium concentrations present higher dry mass of the shoot and root, high grain yield and high calcium concentration in the leaves and grains.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012596
title: Harvest time and agronomic performance of maize hybrids with contrasting growth cycles

description: ABSTRACT The delay of the maize harvest may cause qualitative and quantitative grain losses. This work evaluated the effects of the harvest time on the agronomic performance of maize hybrids with contrasting growth cycles. The experiment was set in Lages, Santa Catarina State, South Brazil, during the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 growing seasons. A randomized block design, arranged in split plots was used. Five single-cross hybrids were tested in the main plots: P1630H and P32R22H (hyper-early), P2530 (super early) and P30F53YH and P30R50YH (early). Five harvest times were assessed in the split plots: 0 (grain physiological maturity), 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after physiological maturity. The sowing was performed on 12/5/2012 and 10/5/2013. The percentage of lodged and broken stems, grain mass, potential and real productivity were determined. The delay of the maize harvest increased the percentage of lodged and broken stems. The harvest time did not affect the weight of 1,000 grains. The harvests performed after physiological maturity decreased the real grain productivity, especially for the hyper-early hybrids P1630H and P32R22H. In the regions with high altitude and latitude, the productivity losses derived from late harvests are mainly due to the increase in the amount of broken and lodged stems.