cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/sd8-a5h-y74
title: Stemonacanthus radicans var. longiflorus Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/6g8-2ls-n0q
title: Rungia repens var. nana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/l00-tjq-2jq
title: Aphelandra glabrata Willd. ex Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wtf-5cz-xg4
title: Stemonacanthus thyrsacanthoides Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/43q-rs7-c4p
title: Rungia polygonoides Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ej0-l89-p9f
title: Glossochilus burchellii Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ktf-6fn-wb8
title: Adenosma biplicata Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/775-j66-sxn
title: Orthotactus roseus Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/jq2-168-zgv
title: Sarotheca elegans Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/t6k-yap-m28
title: Crossandra haenkeana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/k7e-jcr-8jt
title: Beloperone hirsuta Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/rnt-thp-p26
title: Barleria terminalis Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/rqm-vd5-dqr
title: Ruellia neesiana Wall.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/66a-lxz-c32
title: Hypoëstes latifolia var. integrifolia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/t8z-nk6-s7k
title: Aphelandra squarrosa Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ybh-9lk-444
title: Ruellia rivularis Schltdl.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/kwv-raf-hmx
title: Hypoëstes saxicola Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/v01-vsn-qxm
title: Acanthodium angustum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/zdy-nbz-wsr
title: Stenostephanus lobeliiformis var. subsessilis Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/egk-2mg-zzb
title: Hypoëstes clinopodia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/w6f-f11-m7s
title: Stephanophysum angustiflorum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/44z-gzr-8wg
title: Anthacanthus lycioides Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/96q-06j-a12
title: Acanthodium grossum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nm5-zlw-2q1
title: Amphiscopia polystachya (Lam.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/h7h-js0-cc1
title: Hypoëstes lasiostegia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/tyh-yy6-tsb
title: Dicliptera tweediana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/yq7-y8j-1sd
title: Beloperone longepetiolata Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/gd7-7tq-v34
title: Ruellia primulifolia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/htf-766-hgw
title: Tetramerium nervosum var. angustifolium Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/zck-emk-ebt
title: Ancylogyne macrocnemis Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/12g-thx-e5c
title: Aphelandra formosa var. polystachya Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/w8h-v1t-jjs
title: Asystasia coromandeliana var. tomentosa Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/zt3-atk-6f1
title: Acanthodium furcatum var. integrifolium Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/c8n-9st-ja3
title: Orthotactus strobilaceus Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/j4e-pt1-851
title: Beloperone trifoliata (Roem. & Schult.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/r6f-831-ys9
title: Hypoëstes pulchra Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0mh-6wr-gfz
title: Stephanophysum hirsutum Mart. ex Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5th-54c-7pe
title: Beloperone nemorosa (Sw.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/6wt-zaz-wbk
title: Hypoëstes oxystegia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/gh5-zsy-nhs
title: Ruellia neesiana Wall.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/hbg-090-slq
title: Hypoëstes rosea P. Beauv.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wc0-506-k42
title: Sericographis colorata Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/2jw-z4x-jbh
title: Hypoëstes decaisneana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/b54-kal-73m
title: Aphelandra sciophila Mart. ex Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/w23-ke4-kzy
title: Dicliptera squarrosa var. hirsuta Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/kef-gd7-0vb
title: Hypoëstes thomsoniana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nv4-v3a-10w
title: Stenandrium serpens Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/nyz-59l-gx9
title: Lagochilium spicatum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/q05-e09-bf1
title: Monechma debile (Forssk.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/vma-cxn-11t
title: Aechmanthera wallichii f. tomentosa Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.m7555r
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 139 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Mollusca)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-7.5 75,0 75,0 82.5,-7.5 82.5,-7.5 75))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 139 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0034193-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/p7q-kzg-zrq
title: Salpixantha coccinea Hook.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/v3l-glb-8rk
title: Stenandrium obtusifolium Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/yp0-4sl-129
title: Stachyacanthus riedelianus Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0bs-5kx-ze6
title: Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/fm8-sfw-w43
title: Schaueria schottii Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ljv-ms2-l5c
title: Hypoëstes decaisneana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dwh-lyh-dm7
title: Ruellia anisophylla Wall. ex Hook.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/mxr-1p1-5g2
title: Beloperone lamarckiana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bh9e36
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 14657045 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "DatasetKey is Bird ringing and recovery database (TIPU)",
 "ClassKey is Aves",
 "LastInterpreted is greater than or equal to 2025-10-02"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 14657045 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0034164-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/9lt-jgy-bcj
title: Asteracantha auriculata Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/jtm-mvt-1qd
title: Adenacanthus acuminatus Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/s9z-z41-978
title: Amphiscopia serpens Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17385742
title: Dataset & Experimental Results

description: > **⚠️ For IEEE Access Reviewers**

>

> Here are the examples mentioned in the paper:

>

> - Dataset Prompt Comparison in datasets/prompt_comparison/prompt_comparison.pdf

> - RQ2 Qualitative Analysis in results/rq2_qualitative_analysis/summary/summary.pdf


This repository contains the experimental data and analysis for a research study demonstrating how **Test-Driven Prompting (TDP)** significantly improves AI code generation across multiple programming languages and difficulty levels. All experimental data, statistical analysis, and qualitative comparisons are included.


## What is Test-Driven Prompting?


Instead of just asking an AI to write code, Test-Driven Prompting includes example test cases in the prompt. This helps the AI understand exactly what the code should do, similar to how human programmers use test-driven development.


![alt text](methodology_overview.png)


## Key Findings


Our study tested 8 different AI models (GPT-4, Claude, Qwen) on 3 programming benchmarks and found:


- 🎯 **Universal Improvement**: TDP worked better in 100% of test cases (16/16 model-dataset combinations)

- 📈 **Significant Gains**: Average 6.09% improvement in code generation success rates, statistical results: (95% CI: [4.01, 8.18], p < 0.0001, Cohen’s d = 1.08)

- 🚀 **Efficiency Boost**: Smaller AI models with TDP can outperform larger models using normal prompts

- 💡 **Biggest Impact**: Most helpful for problems with unclear or implicit requirements


The findings suggest that including test cases in your prompts to AI coding assistants can significantly improve the quality of generated code, especially for complex or ambiguous programming tasks.


## Authors


**Muhammad Rizqullah** (mrizqullah@stu.kau.edu.sa) and **Emad Albassam** (ealbassam@kau.edu.sa)

Computer Science Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia


*Corresponding author: Muhammad Rizqullah. Any enquiries about the research should be directed to him.*


## Publication Status


This research is currently under review at [IEEE Access](https://ieeeaccess.ieee.org/), a Scopus Q2 and Web of Science SCIE Q2 journal with an Impact Factor of 3.6.


## Repository Structure


- `datasets/` - Programming problems and test cases from HumanEval, MBPP, and Code Contests

- `raw_results/` - Complete experimental results for each AI model and dataset combination

- `results/` - Statistical analysis and comparison reports

- `abstract/` - Academic paper abstract with statistical findings


## Source Code Availability


Source code of the experimentation framework is available here: https://github.com/madnanrizqu/model-agnostic-empirical-evaluation-of-test-driven-prompt-engineering
DOI: 10.3535/csr-l2j-jlw
title: Siphonacanthus repens Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/hjb-by3-4h3
title: Monechma pilosella Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/vj3-bly-et8
title: Acanthodium capense f. subacaule Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/d2q-qvv-mzw
title: Stenandrium decoratum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ejd-tk3-tz4
title: Stenandrium aurantiacum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wfy-693-at5
title: Dicliptera bupleuroides var. sessilis Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/b0p-sxl-qvn
title: Ruellia decaisniana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/j3y-bfx-0e3
title: Andrographis lineata Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/qen-eqw-dee
title: Tetramerium hispidum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.r7pcqj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Mammalia)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((-45 7.5,-37.5 7.5,-37.5 15,-45 15,-45 7.5))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0034195-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/0jq-9y5-zzs
title: Ebermaiera velutina Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/jkd-2le-rp4
title: Ruellia reptans G. Forst.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/jwj-vm3-2k7
title: Siphonacanthus pubens Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/kb9-0hz-pee
title: Aphelandra stephanophysa Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/zph-d4j-xxq
title: Ruellia luzona Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dq4-tvz-vrc
title: Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/t7p-9rb-shz
title: Rungia parviflora var. aspera Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/waw-pw8-690
title: Dicliptera forsteriana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.65rkzn
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 318 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Mammalia)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1980",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 },
 "Geometry POLYGON((90 0,97.5 0,97.5 7.5,90 7.5,90 0))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 318 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0034196-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/by6-jh1-j7h
title: Simonisia asclepiadea Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/ja7-qvb-909
title: Beloperone hirsuta var. longifolia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/v32-10n-hbr
title: Cryphiacanthus lacteus (Cav.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0y6-dc4-yl8
title: Beloperone nemorosa (Sw.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dmy-8np-sc6
title: Hygrophila phlomoides Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/zyb-0tw-2we
title: Adhatoda lindeniana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/3vv-644-4cd
title: Tetramerium nervosum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/fw8-5df-sn7
title: Rhaphidospora abyssinica Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/lqs-z2l-smb
title: Aphelandra pulcherrima (Jacq.) Kunth

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0h2-ymx-vwy
title: Amphiscopia polystachya (Lam.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/88j-4kw-rme
title: Aphelandra pectinata Willd. ex Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/j7n-76s-qsd
title: Hypoëstes lasioclada Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dtv-dfj-cmn
title: Rungia parviflora (Retz.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/e5d-wx3-k4z
title: Aphelandra pectinata Willd. ex Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/hm1-41v-yn3
title: Barleria repens Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/9jg-zhg-5gj
title: Stenandrium hirsutum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/s4a-4ct-b04
title: Stephanophysum angustiflorum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/2zk-l4j-vp4
title: Lepidagathis rupestris var. rottleriana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/5pt-vg6-1lh
title: Buteraea rhamnifolia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/9np-h7c-cp8
title: Rungia origanoides Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/6xs-t2g-dad
title: Ebermaiera polybotrya Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/fdc-016-5l3
title: Herpetacanthus macahensis Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/l4f-gmv-5qv
title: Ebermaiera zeylanica Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/bvk-5mz-xka
title: Aphelandra prismatica (Vell.) Hiern

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/dkc-vna-4v3
title: Ruellia ravaccensis Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/z9t-ywr-yfg
title: Justicia genuflexa Nees & Mart.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/7gb-j60-lj3
title: Rhaphidospora cordata Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/p9y-25p-ts4
title: Barleria polystachya Hook. ex Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/xtl-br7-j7k
title: Salpixantha coccinea Hook.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/c2a-e6v-9yc
title: Rhytiglossa cordifolia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/jld-0jj-fdv
title: Siphonacanthus villosus Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wbr-gbt-stx
title: Rungia parviflora var. hirsuta Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/0c0-qg4-87r
title: Stephanophysum flavum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/bgf-lc4-k2w
title: Hypoëstes adoënsis Hochst. ex A. Rich.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/wr6-l62-8as
title: Aechmanthera wallichii f. leuconeura Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/z7w-0mf-m1v
title: Rhytiglossa ilhensis Moric. ex Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/a30-nt5-65m
title: Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/em8-fdv-fv5
title: Beloperone amherstiae var. lanceolata Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/n3y-2zf-grg
title: Rungia longifolia Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/krj-kne-jge
title: Acanthodium diversispinum Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/z1s-jrj-n04
title: Elytraria imbricata (Vahl) Pers.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/7h5-mwm-12e
title: Rhaphidospora tenella Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/8gt-9qn-p1v
title: Amphiscopia polystachya (Lam.) Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/t9e-gng-6p2
title: Aechmanthera wallichii f. fomentaria Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/a2p-2m5-v3c
title: Rungia wightiana Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/gnl-lb0-kkk
title: Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall.

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.
DOI: 10.3535/lnh-f1s-qpw
title: Anisacanthus pumilus Nees

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at University of Graz.