cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5065/d6n877tw
title: NOAA/CIRES Twentieth Century Global Reanalysis Version 2c

description: The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project, produced by the Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division from NOAA and the University of Colorado Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, is an effort to produce a global reanalysis dataset spanning a portion of the nineteenth century and the entire twentieth century (1851 - near present), assimilating only surface observations of synoptic pressure. Boundary conditions of pentad sea surface temperature and monthly sea ice concentration and time-varying solar, volcanic, and carbon dioxide radiative forcings are prescribed. Products include 6-hourly ensemble mean and spread analysis fields on a 2 by 2 degree global latitude-longitude grid, and 3 and 6-hourly ensemble mean and spread forecast (first guess) fields on a global Gaussian T62 grid. Fields are accessible in yearly time series (1 file per parameter) and monthly synoptic time (all parameters per synoptic hour) files. This dataset provides the first estimates of global tropospheric variability spanning 1851 to 2012 at six-hourly resolution. Fields from 1851 to 1860 are a first attempt at this period and will be improved in future versions. Fields from 1861 to 2011 are most relevant for climate and weather studies. 20th Century Reanalysis Version 2c uses the same model as version 2 with new sea ice boundary conditions from the COBE-SST2 (Hirahara et al. 2014), new pentad Simple Ocean Data Assimilation with sparse input (SODAsi.2, Giese et al. 2015) sea surface temperature fields from through 2012, Daily High-Resolution-Blended Analyses for Sea Surface Temperature starting with 2013, and additional observations from ISPD version 3.2.9. A low pressure bias in marine pressures from the US Maury Collection (Woodruff et al. 2005, Wallbrink et al. 2009, ) appears to have affected the resultant 20CR version 2c mass-related fields (e.g., pressure, geopotential height) from 1851 to about 1865. Please see opportunities for improvement [https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/gridded/20thC_ReanV2c/opportunities.html] for additional information. The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project version 2c used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center managed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Version 2c is a contribution to the international Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions over the Earth initiative. Support for the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (BER) and the NOAA Climate Program Office MAPP program.
DOI: 10.5065/t4kg-4c39
title: NOAA CIRES Twentieth Century Global Reanalysis Version 1 (1908-1958)

description: The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project, supported by the Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division from NOAA and the University of Colorado CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center, is an effort to produce a global reanalysis dataset spanning the entire twentieth century, assimilating only surface observations of synoptic pressure, monthly sea surface temperature and sea ice distribution (Version 1 only includes the years 1908 to 1958). Products include 6-hourly ensemble mean and spread analysis fields on a 2 by 2 degree global latitude-longitude grid, and 3 and 6-hourly ensemble mean and spread forecast (first guess) fields on a global Gaussian T62 grid. Fields are accessible in yearly time series files (1 file per parameter) or monthly synoptic files (all parameters included in each file).The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center managed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which are supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, respectively.Note: Version 2c of this reanalysis (running from 1851 - 2011) is the recommended research version. Please see ds131.2 to access Version 2c.
DOI: 10.5065/h93g-ws83
title: NOAA-CIRES-DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis Version 3

description: The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project, produced by the Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division from NOAA and the University of Colorado Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences using resources from Department of Energy supercomputers, is an effort to produce a global reanalysis dataset spanning a portion of the nineteenth century and the entire twentieth century (1836 - 2015), assimilating only surface observations of synoptic pressure into an 80-member ensemble of estimates of the Earth system. Boundary conditions of pentad sea surface temperature and monthly sea ice concentration and time-varying solar, volcanic, and carbon dioxide radiative forcings are prescribed. Products include 3 and 6-hourly ensemble mean and spread analysis fields and 6-hourly ensemble mean and spread forecast (first guess) fields on a global Gaussian T254 grid. Fields are accessible in yearly time series (1 file per parameter). The NOAA-CIRES-DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis Version 3 uses the NCEP Global Forecast Model that was operational in autumn 2017, with differences as described in (Slivinski et al. 2019). Sea ice boundary conditions are specified from HadISST 2.3 (Slivinski et al. 2019). Sea surface temperature fields prior to 1981 are prescribed from the 8-member ensemble of pentad Simple Ocean Data Assimilation with sparse input (SODAsi.3, Giese et al. 2016) and from the 8-member ensemble of pentad HadISST 2.2 for 1981 to 2015. Observations from ISPD version 4.7 are assimilated using an ensemble Kalman filter. The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project version 3 used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center managed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and used resources of NOAA's Remote Deployed High Performance Computing Systems. Version 3 is a contribution to the international Atmospheric Circulation Reconstructions over the Earth initiative. Support for the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project is provided by the Physical Sciences Division of the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (BER), and the NOAA Climate Program Office MAPP program.
DOI: 10.5065/d6sq8xdw
title: International Surface Pressure Databank (ISPDv2)

description: The International Surface Pressure Databank (ISPD; Cram et al. 2015) [http://reanalyses.org/observations/international-surface-pressure-databank] is the world's largest collection of pressure observations. It has been gathered through international cooperation with data recovery facilitated by the ACRE Initiative and the other contributing organizations and assembled under the auspices of the GCOS Working Group on Surface Pressure and the WCRP/GCOS Working Group on Observational Data Sets for Reanalysis by NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), and the Climate Diagnostics Center (CDC) of the University of Colorado's Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES). The ISPDv2 consists of three components: station, marine, and tropical cyclone best track pressure observations. The station component is a blend of many national and international collections.NOTE: A newer version of this dataset, the International Surface Pressure Databank version 3, is available in RDA dataset ds132.1 [http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds132.1/]. Users are recommended to access this updated dataset.The Twentieth Century Reanalysis Project used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center [http://www.nersc.gov/] and of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility [http://www.olcf.ornl.gov/] at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which are supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, respectively.
DOI: 10.5065/d6d50k29
title: The International Surface Pressure Databank version 3

description: Notice: A newer version of this dataset, the International Surface Pressure Databank version 4, is available in RDA dataset ds132.2 [https://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds132.2/]. Users are recommended to access this updated dataset. This dataset contains the International Surface Pressure Databank version 3.2.9 (ISPDv3), the world's largest collection of pressure observations. It has been gathered through international cooperation with data recovery facilitated by the ACRE Initiative and the other contributing organizations and assembled under the auspices of the GCOS Working Group on Surface Pressure and the WCRP/GCOS Working Group on Observational Data Sets for Reanalysis by NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), and the University of Colorado's Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES). The ISPDv3 consists of three components: station, marine, and tropical cyclone best track pressure observations. The station component is a blend of many national and international collections. In addition to the pressure observations and metadata, ISPDv3 contains feedback from the 20th Century Reanalysis version 2c (20CRV2c), including quality control information and uncertainty information. Support for the International Surface Pressure Databank is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research (BER), and by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office. The International Surface Pressure Databank version 3 and 20th Century Reanalysis version 2c used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center which is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
DOI: 10.5065/05m7-cm03
title: Weekly Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Analyses from Rocketsonde and Satellite Radiation Data

description: Satellite radiance information was used to produce a "first guess" of the geopotential height and temperature fields at the 5 mbar, 2 mbar, and 0.4 mbar stratospheric levels, and available rocketsonde data was used to adjust the fields through an objective analysis procedure. The 65-by-65 polar-stereographic grids cover the Northern Hemisphere and are available weekly (on Wednesdays) from July 1976 through April 1980 for the months of January, April, July, and October.
DOI: 10.5065/9eyr-ty90
title: The International Surface Pressure Databank version 4

description: This dataset contains the International Surface Pressure Databank version 4.7 (ISPDv4), the world's largest collection of pressure observations. It has been gathered through international cooperation with data recovery facilitated by the ACRE Initiative and the other contributing organizations and assembled under the auspices of the GCOS Working Group on Surface Pressure and the WCRP/GCOS Working Group on Observational Data Sets for Reanalysis by NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), and the University of Colorado's Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES). The ISPDv4 consists of three components: station, marine, and tropical cyclone best track pressure observations. The station component is a blend of many national and international collections. In addition to the pressure observations and metadata, ISPDv4 contains feedback from the 20th Century Reanalysis version 3, including quality control information and uncertainty information. Support for the International Surface Pressure Databank is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research (BER), and by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Climate Program Office. The International Surface Pressure Databank version 4.7 and 20th Century Reanalysis version 3 used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fcmnjt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3488 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Carex lepidocarpa)",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1900",
 "Geometry POLYGON ((8.643 46.99, 14.1 46.92, 14.43 50.75, 8.534 50.83, 8.643 46.99))",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Observation, Human Observation, Machine Observation, Material sample)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3488 records from 16 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0012600-260129131611470/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5065/d6pr7szf
title: Global Hourly 0.5-degree Land Surface Air Temperature Datasets

description: Global hourly 0.5-degree Surface Air Temperature (SAT) datasets were developed based on four reanalysis products [Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA for 1979-2009), 40-year ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40 for 1958-2001), ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim for 1979-2009), and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis for 1948-2009)] and the Climate Research Unit Time Series version 3.10 (CRU TS3.10) for 1948-2009. The three-step adjustments included the spatial downscaling to 0.5-degree grid cells, the temporal interpolation from 6-hourly (in ERA-40 and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis) to hourly using the MERRA hourly SAT climatology for each day (and the linear interpolation from 3-hourly in ERA-Interim to hourly), and the bias correction in both monthly-mean maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) SAT using the CRU data.The final products have exactly the same monthly Tmax and Tmin as the CRU data, and perform well in comparison with in-situ hourly measurements over six sites and with a regional daily SAT dataset over Europe. They agree with each other much better than the original reanalyses, and the spurious SAT jumps of reanalyses over some regions are also substantially eliminated. One of the uncertainties in the final products can be quantified by the differences in the true monthly mean (using 24-hourly values) and the monthly averaged diurnal cycle from different final products.
DOI: 10.5065/m123-2q46
title: Daily Northern Hemisphere Time Series Tropospheric Analyses

description: This dataset contains a time-series collection of daily gridded Northern Hemisphere tropospheric data on a 47-by-51 polar-stereographic grid. These grids have been assembled by DSS from the analyses of various operational models and meteorological projects, and they cover the overarching period from January 1946 forward, although periods for individual parameters and levels will vary. The grids continue to be updated with new data.Available parameters include sea-level pressure, surface and sea-surface temperatures, and upper-level geopotential height, temperature, wind, and vertical motion at levels from 1000 millibars up to 100 millibars.
DOI: 10.5065/da52-df07
title: Daily 5-Degree Northern Hemisphere Time Series Tropospheric Analyses, continuing from 1946

description: The polar-stereographic grids in ds195.0 [http://rda.ucar.edu/datasets/ds195.0/] were interpolated to create this dataset of 5-degree Northern Hemisphere latitude/longitude grids until 1976, when the National Meteorological Center (NMC) began producing its operational analyses on a latitude/longitude grid.
DOI: 10.5065/wz4v-wb07
title: Various Daily 2.5-degree Tropospheric Analysis Time Series in GRIB Format, 1946-1999

description: This dataset contains various tropospheric analysis time series' created from the grids of other DSS datasets and converted to GRIB (for grids that were not already in this format).Currently, the only available time series' are series' of 500mb geopotential height.
DOI: 10.5065/kdb5-9x72
title: Great Plains Low-Level Jet Occurrence and Upper-Level Coupling in CERA-20C

description: The Great Plains Low-Level Jet Occurrence and Upper-Level Coupling CERA-20C dataset comprises a 3-hourly record of low-level jet activity and degree of upper-atmospheric jet stream coupling over the contiguous United States from 1901-2010 derived from CERA-20C following the objective dynamically-based methodology of Burrows et al. (2019). This dataset extends the work of Uccellini (1980) who first highlighted variations in the degree of coupling between low-level jets and upper-level flow using a visual weather map approach. The presence of an active low-level jet is first assessed according to the conventional Bonner (1968) low-level jet classification. Then, the local finite-amplitude wave activity index of Huang and Nakamura (2015) is applied to assess whether a detected jet is upper-level coupled (or not). This dataset is remarkable because understanding the degree of low-level (terrain) coupling for a particular low-level jet is instrumental in predicting whether regional land-atmosphere interactions may play a role in its evolution, and moreover, whether land data assimilation holds promise for improved predictability in such cases. The dataset includes the coupled/uncoupled classification, as well as u- and v-winds at 700 and 850 hPa from CERA-20C.
DOI: 10.5065/3cf6-8910
title: The GLACE Hydrology Experiment

description: The GLACE Hydrology experiment investigates the impact of land and atmosphere anomaly coupling on land variability. This is a new two-stage climate model experimental design . First, as in the GLACE and CMIP5 experiment, two identical sets of coupled land and atmosphere climate model (CAM5 with CLM4.5) ensembles are performed, with each simulation using the same prescribed observed sea surface temperatures and radiative forcing for the years from 1971 to 2014. In one set, land and atmosphere anomaly coupling is removed by prescribing soil moisture to follow the control model seasonal soil moisture climatology (land and atmosphere uncoupled), to enable a contrast with the original control set (land and atmosphere coupled). Then, the atmospheric outputs from both sets of simulations are used to force land-only ensemble simulations, allowing investigation of the resulting soil moisture variability and memory under both the coupled and uncoupled scenarios.We implemented the GLACE Hydrology experiment in the Community Earth System Modeling framework (CESM) using the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5) and Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) and performed two 10 member ensemble experiments with the observed monthly sea surface temperature data from 1971 to 2014 as the oceanic boundary condition. Each ensemble member was created by a small random perturbation to initial atmospheric conditions using the same method as in the CESM Large Ensemble. The same land model initial conditions, taken from a transient land-only CLM4.5 simulation are used in all the simulations. For each ensemble member, we first perform the control experiment and then use its soil moisture climatology to make the corresponding land/atmosphere uncoupled atmosphere simulation. The 3-hourly atmospheric data from each ensemble member, having been saved, is then (in stage 2) used to drive the corresponding land-only simulation.
DOI: 10.5065/9ppt-sq83
title: Global Atmospheric Circulation Statistics, 1958-1989

description: Twenty-two monthly statistical quantities make up this dataset of grids which describes the atmospheric general circulation at eleven vertical levels across the troposphere and stratosphere over a 32-year period. These gridded analyses, created from upper air soundings across the globe, span the period from May 1958 to December 1989. The statistical parameters, which are useful for comparing climate model simulations to actual observations, include monthly means and variances of horizontal and vertical wind, temperature, geopotential height, moisture, and horizontal wind divergence. There are also covariance terms describing the relationship between wind, temperature, moisture, and geopotential height. In general, the analyses near the surface of the earth (900mb and below) tend to be less reliable than those of the higher levels because the individual rawinsonde reports are often incomplete due to missing 1000mb reports.
DOI: 10.5065/8ars-cz41
title: Climate Analysis Center Base Period Climate Diagnostics Data Base

description: This dataset contains monthly long-term climatological means, variances, and covariances of geopotential height, temperature, specific humidity, wind, and vertical motion for the atmosphere from 1000mb up to 50mb. Long-term means are computed over the period from October 1978 to September 1985. The data are on a global latitude/longitude grid with a resolution of 2.5 degrees.
DOI: 10.5065/pt1x-dh27
title: Climate Analysis Center 10-Year Climate Diagnostics Data Base

description: This dataset contains long-term means of geopotential height, temperature, and wind for the troposphere from 1000mb up to 100mb. Means are computed for the period from 1979 to 1988 and are stored on a global latitude/longitude grid with a resolution of 2.5 degrees.
DOI: 10.5065/z4ea-b620
title: Monthly Climatological Grid Data for Levels Aloft

description: The USAF Environmental Technical Applications Center (ETAC) created these monthly climatologies of temperature and winds for the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, and geopotential height for the Northern Hemisphere. Generally, the data input period from approximately 150 stations was the 5-year period from January 1956 through December 1960, but some data into 1962 were also used. The climatologies are available on 5-degree latitude/longitude grids separately for eight vertical pressure levels between 850 and 50 millibars, inclusive.
DOI: 10.5065/brx8-v029
title: Wave and Anemometer-based Sea Surface Wind (WASWind)

description: Ship-based measurements of sea surface wind speed displays a spurious upward trend due to increases in anemometer height. To correct this bias, we construct a new sea surface wind dataset from ship observations of wind speed and wind wave height archived in the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). The Wave and Anemometer-based Sea-surface Wind (WASWind) dataset is available at monthly resolution on a 4 degrees by 4 degrees. longitude-latitude grid from 1950 to 2011. It substantially reduces the upward trend in wind speed through height-correction for anemometer-measured winds, rejection of spurious Beaufort winds, and use of estimated winds from wind wave height. The reduced upward trend is smallest among the existing global datasets of in situ observations and comparable with those of reanalysis products. Despite the significant reduction of globally-averaged wind speed trend, WASWind features rich spatial structures in trend pattern, making it a valuable dataset for studies of climate changes on regional scales. Not only does the combination of ship winds and wind wave height successfully reproduce major modes of seasonal-to-decadal variability, but its trend patterns are also physically consistent with sea level pressure (SLP) measurements. WASWind is in close agreement with wind changes in satellite measurements by the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) for the recent two decades. The agreement in trend pattern with such independent observations illustrates the utility of WASWind for climate trend analysis.