cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/lj4-f5f-t6f
title: Papuina E. von Martens, 1860

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/v4k-z70-ynp
title: Septifer bilocularis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5kv-0yw-xt2
title: Neocrassa neocrassa (Zilch, 1952)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/eqz-ss7-1y9
title: Decatopecten plica (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/fyc-y4y-56n
title: Neverita didyma (Röding, 1798)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yd5dq7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2607 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Curruca undata",
 "MediaType is Image"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2607 records from 7 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0004989-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/fts-yrp-p12
title: Cepaea nemoralis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/pfp-t98-k50
title: Loripes clausus (R. A. Philippi, 1849)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.z9zxbv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 235 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen, Human Observation, Living Specimen)",
 "Country is Japan",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Disanthus cercidifolius"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 235 records from 32 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0004990-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/jeq-8xz-18s
title: Pinnidae Leach, 1819

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/947-a4r-f0w
title: Chondrula bergeri (J. R. Roth, 1839)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/fr6-hkc-54q
title: Mitrella nitidulina (Locard, 1897)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8lm-q4z-te5
title: Pteria hirundo (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/clk-fdj-6hd
title: Syrinx aruana (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/wx1-l3t-s2x
title: Mytilus planulatus Lamarck, 1819

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/94p-qr0-my3
title: Tornus W. Turton & Kingston, 1830

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/b0e-fns-xhc
title: Codringtonia intusplicata (L. Pfeiffer, 1851)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/p40-717-hs9
title: Iothia fulva (O. F. Müller, 1776)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rl0-rwg-rs1
title: Planktomya nilae van Aartsen & Engl, 2001

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/stm-qzz-sqx
title: Faustina Kobelt, 1904

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/054-xcr-4e4
title: Albinaria krueperi (L. Pfeiffer, 1866)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/c2a-x7f-ygb
title: Clio pyramidata Linnaeus, 1767

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lwt-6hd-z57
title: Dentalium aprinum Linnaeus, 1767

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7nk-l90-e6y
title: Mytilidae Rafinesque, 1815

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/dh7-wn4-eds
title: Glycymerididae Dall, 1908 (1847)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.x9k83s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 869 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Tephroseris pierotii"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 869 records from 84 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0004988-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/amn-94w-fr9
title: Fusconaia flava (Rafinesque, 1820)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gj3-z28-v4f
title: Glycymerididae Dall, 1908 (1847)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/jhb-vhe-kp1
title: Thapsia consueta (Preston, 1914)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mmz-pgw-a0a
title: Helix lucorum Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/852-7at-ltq
title: Aegopinella nitidula (Draparnaud, 1805)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/zfs-eqr-4cv
title: Camaenidae Pilsbry, 1895

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/k7t-ca0-7bm
title: Ciliella ciliata (W. Hartmann, 1821)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1q0-fxd-2ck
title: Albinaria krueperi (L. Pfeiffer, 1866)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/96x-xvk-t1q
title: Fruticicola fruticum (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/s4a-x26-07t
title: Atlanta brunnea J. E. Gray, 1850

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/x4z-bxs-37w
title: Argonauta argo Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/nv1-aka-wf4
title: Peracle elata (G. Seguenza, 1875)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/sjz-5wl-ns5
title: Chlamys ruschenbergerii (Tryon, 1870)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/a84-f03-tal
title: Dischides politus (S. V. Wood, 1842)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1c9-cde-2ks
title: Ostreidae Rafinesque, 1815

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w13-fvz-ewq
title: Ostrea Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/kew-2qr-zbn
title: Unio durieui Deshayes, 1847

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/q45-tse-f2t
title: Cochlostoma Jan, 1830

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/zna-z9f-gne
title: Semipallium dringi (Reeve, 1853)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5mz-nv8-rmt
title: Carinaria lamarckii Blainville, 1817

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/z98-hgl-ms2
title: Argopecten gibbus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/kt1-gmr-lvr
title: Bradybaena similaris (A. Férussac, 1822)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lhe-yf3-zc3
title: Tetrarca tetragona (Poli, 1795)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2ta-62p-2d4
title: Clausilia Draparnaud, 1805

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7we-gne-jad
title: Lamarcka imbricata (Bruguière, 1789)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/zvx-qfa-9jj
title: Arion subfuscus (Draparnaud, 1805)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/462-x63-7bl
title: Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5gk-vyh-3l7
title: Pinctada margaritifera (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/594-wgn-dmc
title: Placunidae Rafinesque, 1815

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/59r-e4j-1t3
title: Euvola ziczac (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/lbw-rj0-qk0
title: Ervilia nitens (Montagu, 1808)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/37d-338-f4s
title: Lindapecten muscosus (W. Wood, 1828)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ezj-kcr-4rz
title: Glycymeris livida (Reeve, 1843)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5ch-we8-n3v
title: Scaphopoda Bronn, 1862

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/31k-vkf-tz7
title: Cepaea nemoralis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/l3f-2rl-8km
title: Otala punctata (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xcnd6y
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 55 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Machine Observation, Observation, Occurrence evidence, Living Specimen, Specimen, Material sample)",
 "Geometry POLYGON((150.531 -33.736,150.609 -33.736,150.609 -33.675,150.531 -33.675,150.531 -33.736))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "IucnRedListCategory is one of (EX, EW, CR, EN, VU, NT)",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Year 1000-2025"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 55 records were derived from 29 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0004974-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/c18-xxz-pel
title: Striarca lactea (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gz9-ywj-fny
title: Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/4t0-0qw-mmd
title: Anadara notabilis (Röding, 1798)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/pec-jyw-at7
title: Albinaria solicola Neubert, 1998

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/r5t-rrs-730
title: Astarte sulcata (da Costa, 1778)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/f50-bcc-p2n
title: Cochlicella acuta (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xap-65k-bj2
title: Gulella papyracea (Preston, 1913)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ytr-85e-vyq
title: Emarginula huzardii Payraudeau, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0ds-k68-6wf
title: Heliconoides inflatus (A. d'Orbigny, 1835)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ts3-1d7-c34
title: Asperarca nodulosa (O. F. Müller, 1776)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0c2-6m4-w1e
title: Scaphopoda Bronn, 1862

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/vfl-2a1-pwr
title: Hexaplex trunculus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/vrw-4at-1ng
title: Tanea picta (Récluz, 1844)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ala-b8c-pls
title: Fruticicola fruticum (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/crx-7c5-gs0
title: Talochlamys multistriata (Poli, 1795)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/fga-86q-vxf
title: Prunum marginatum (Born, 1778)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/y9x-2py-ssg
title: Spondylus echinatus Schreibers, 1793

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8bw-1x3-6p7
title: Hypselostyla evanescens (Broderip, 1841)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9vp-lat-7dl
title: Chondrula tridens (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/fm8-16c-wa8
title: Loripes orbiculatus Poli, 1795

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ncs-26r-tcn
title: Mimachlamys gloriosa (Reeve, 1853)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/chs-n12-8ga
title: Albinaria discolor (L. Pfeiffer, 1846)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7x2-nl0-prw
title: Chilostoma Fitzinger, 1833

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rw7-jd6-lwa
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2ef-mfj-ltb
title: Nucula nucleus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xny-832-3gg
title: Cepaea nemoralis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/948-rfe-1ak
title: Tetrarca tetragona (Poli, 1795)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7xf-54g-86n
title: Aequipecten opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ma7-53d-mj6
title: Mimachlamys varia (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ssf-lls-8mx
title: Pecten novaezelandiae Reeve, 1852

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/t8f-fkg-0yc
title: Pecten jacobaeus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/tb8-n2e-2sa
title: Pecten jacobaeus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/88b-71g-g5s
title: Plicatula Lamarck, 1801

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xa7-94r-77m
title: Talochlamys multistriata (Poli, 1795)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/58p-bde-c93
title: Anadara uropigimelana (Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1827)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hm0-dt2-zn1
title: Acar J. E. Gray, 1857

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w4w-nyg-mkw
title: Schepmania nieuwenhuisi (Schepman, 1898)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hev-qk7-k8j
title: Sepia officinalis Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mdq-fza-h8c
title: Laevichlamys squamosa (Gmelin, 1791)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/wnv-k38-77r
title: Ungulina rubra de Roissy, 1804

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xnm-3s4-43h
title: Otala lactea (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vbkve6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8611 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Panax quinquefolius"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8611 records from 205 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0004992-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/0mw-nnw-9ja
title: Cochlicella conoidea (Draparnaud, 1801)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/y5p-7zr-07q
title: Isognomostoma isognomostomos (Schröter, 1784)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7t6-k7c-1td
title: Arianta arbustorum (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/sjm-rzz-4n4
title: Malacolimax tenellus (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5vb-kgx-yks
title: Tritia gibbosula (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qwq-r8p-t06
title: Limaria hians (Gmelin, 1791)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xbp-v69-4j8
title: Vitrinorbis arabscripta Rolán & Rubio, 1996

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/csh-xak-vcm
title: Muricopsis cristata (Brocchi, 1814)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gcc-jzw-1v1
title: Cadulus R. A. Philippi, 1844

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16731697
title: Data from "Climate change affects litter decomposition in the benthic and hyporheic zones of stream mesocosms"

description: Abstract

a.       Leaf litter decomposition is crucial for the functional ecology of streams, governing nutrient cycling, energy flows, and food web configurations. Climate change affects stream ecosystem properties by altering temperature, sediment composition, and flow regimes, hence potentially disturbing the natural dynamics of litter decomposition. This study examines the individual and combined impacts of warming, fine sediment, and low-flow on microbial, shredder-mediated and total leaf litter decomposition in benthic and hyporheic zones, employing a large-scale mesocosm experiment. 

b.      Decomposition rates were consistently higher in the benthic zone than in the hyporheic zone (+ 36%) due to greater oxygen availability and shredder activity, as demonstrated by a significant positive association between total decomposition and shredder density in the benthic zone. However, the hyporheic zone exhibited greater sensitivity to stressors, particularly fine sediment, which impeded vertical exchange and reduced oxygen transport, causing significant declines in microbial, shredder-mediated and total decomposition rates. 

c.       Low-flow emerged as a critical stressor with ambivalent effects: it reduced macroinvertebrate densities and decomposition rates in the benthic zone, but simultaneously increased shredder density in the hyporheic zone. This migration led to enhanced shredder-mediated decomposition in the hyporheic zone under low-flow conditions, highlighting its refuge function for macroinvertebrates during droughts. These effects were negated in fine sediment treatments, where physical clogging and anoxic conditions significantly reduced microbial and total decomposition rates in the hyporheic zone (19 and 41%, respectively).

d.      Notably, warming had a dual role: it slightly enhanced microbial decomposition in the benthic zone, but led to a negative synergistic trend when combined with low-flow. Overall, interactions among stressors were most pronounced in the hyporheic zone when fine sediment was combined with one or both other stressors, likely due to amplified anoxia and reduced accessibility for decomposer communities.

e.       This study underscores the complex interplay between multiple stressors affecting stream ecosystem functionality and the linkage between benthic and hyporheic zones, with fine sediment presenting the most pervasive threat by impairing hyporheic exchange processes and habitability. The results emphasize the urgent need for targeted management strategies to mitigate sedimentation and sustain critical ecosystem services under changing climatic conditions.