cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886457
title: The use of fungal entomopathogens as endophytes in biological control: a review

description: Fungal entomopathogens have been proposed as environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical control. Unfortunately, their effectiveness continues to be limited by their susceptibility to ultraviolet (UV) light and low moisture. A relatively recent development, the use of fungal entomopathogens as endophytes, might overcome the traditional obstacles impeding the widespread adoption of fungal entomopathogens and also provide a novel alternative for management of insect pests and plant pathogens. In addition, some fungal entomopathogens could also function as biofertilizers. Eighty-five papers covering 109 individual fungal entomopathogen studies involving 12 species in six genera are reviewed. Thirty-eight plant species in 19 families were studied, with maize, common bean, and tomato being the most investigated. Of the 85 papers, 39 (46%) examined the effects of fungal entomopathogen endophytism on 33 insect species in 17 families and eight orders. Thirty-four (40%) examined plant response to endophytism, corresponding to 20 plant species. Various inoculation techniques (e.g., foliar sprays, soil drenching, seed soaking, injections, etc.) are effective in introducing fungal entomopathogens as endophytes, but colonization appears to be localized and ephemeral. The field of insect pathology will not substantially profit from dozens of additional studies attempting to introduce fungal entomopathogens into a wider array of plants, without attempting to understand the mechanisms underlying endophytism, the responses of the plant to such endophytism, and the consequent responses of insect pests and plant pathogens. This review presents several areas that should receive focused attention to increase the probability of success for making this technology an effective alternative to chemical control.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/2mw67a
title: 1-14.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886454
title: Disentangling cryptic species with isaria-like morphs in Cordycipitaceae

description: A new genus and eight new species, all with isaria-like phialides, are described in Cordycipitaceae from Thailand. The new genus, <i>Samsoniella</i>, is segregated from <i>Akanthomyces</i> based on morphological and molecular evidence. <i>Samsoniella</i> differs from <i>Akanthomyces</i> in producing orange cylindrical to clavate stromata with superficial perithecia and orange conidiophores with isaria-like phialides and white to cream conidia. A new combination for CBS 240.32, originally identified as <i>Paecilomyces farinosus</i> (<i>Isaria farinosa</i>), and CBS 262.58, originally identified as <i>Penicillium alboaurantium</i>, respectively, is made in <i>Samsoniella</i>. Two new species, <i>Samsoniella aurantia</i> and <i>S. inthanonensis</i>, are described from lepidopteran larvae. Two new species of <i>Cordyceps, C. blackwelliae</i> and <i>C. lepidopterorum</i>, were also found on coleopteran and lepidopteran larvae. Both produce isaria-like morphs with globose phialides and attenuated long necks and white mycelium in culture. The authors established a sexual-asexual link for <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> (= <i>Isaria javanica</i>) on lepidopteran larvae. Four new species, <i>Akanthomyces kanyawimiae, A. sulphureus, A. thailandicus</i>, and <i>A. waltergamsii</i>, were pathogenic on spiders, with some strains of <i>A. kanyawimiae</i> also found on unidentified insect larvae. These four species of <i>Akanthomyces</i> occur on the underside of leaves and produce white to cream white powdery conidia, whereas <i>S. aurantia</i> and <i>S. inthanonensis</i> were found in leaf litter and produce bright orange stromata and synnemata with white conidia. Another new combination, <i>Akanthomyces ryukyuensis</i>, is proposed. Phylogenetic analyses based on a combined data set comprising the nuc rDNA region encompassing the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 along with the 5.8S rDNA (ITS), nuc 28S rDNA (28S), partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1-α gene (<i>TEF1</i>), and the genes for RNA polymerase II largest (<i>RPB1</i>) and second-largest (<i>RPB2</i>) subunits strongly support the delimitation of these new species of <i>Cordyceps, Akanthomyces</i>, and in a new genus <i>Samsoniella</i> in Cordycipitaceae.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/dggtdq
title: 1-51.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886457.v1
title: The use of fungal entomopathogens as endophytes in biological control: a review

description: Fungal entomopathogens have been proposed as environmentally friendly alternatives to chemical control. Unfortunately, their effectiveness continues to be limited by their susceptibility to ultraviolet (UV) light and low moisture. A relatively recent development, the use of fungal entomopathogens as endophytes, might overcome the traditional obstacles impeding the widespread adoption of fungal entomopathogens and also provide a novel alternative for management of insect pests and plant pathogens. In addition, some fungal entomopathogens could also function as biofertilizers. Eighty-five papers covering 109 individual fungal entomopathogen studies involving 12 species in six genera are reviewed. Thirty-eight plant species in 19 families were studied, with maize, common bean, and tomato being the most investigated. Of the 85 papers, 39 (46%) examined the effects of fungal entomopathogen endophytism on 33 insect species in 17 families and eight orders. Thirty-four (40%) examined plant response to endophytism, corresponding to 20 plant species. Various inoculation techniques (e.g., foliar sprays, soil drenching, seed soaking, injections, etc.) are effective in introducing fungal entomopathogens as endophytes, but colonization appears to be localized and ephemeral. The field of insect pathology will not substantially profit from dozens of additional studies attempting to introduce fungal entomopathogens into a wider array of plants, without attempting to understand the mechanisms underlying endophytism, the responses of the plant to such endophytism, and the consequent responses of insect pests and plant pathogens. This review presents several areas that should receive focused attention to increase the probability of success for making this technology an effective alternative to chemical control.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886451
title: Hyphal tip growth and cytoplasmic characters of <i>Conidiobolus coronatus</i> (Zoopagomycota, Entomophthoromycotina)

description: Characteristics of hyphal structure and growth can provide insights into the mechanisms of polarized growth and support investigations of fungal phylogeny. To assist with the resolution of evolutionary relationships of the zygomycetes, the authors used comparative bioimaging methods (light [LM] and transmission electron [TEM] microscopy) to describe selected subcellular characters of hyphal tips of <i>Conidiobolus coronatus</i>. Growing hyphae of <i>C. coronatus</i> contain Spitzenkörper (Spk). Spk are most commonly present in hyphae of Dikarya (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) and are rarely reported in zygomycete hyphae, which possess an apical vesicle crescent (AVC). Such findings raise questions regarding the evolution of the Spk and its relationship with the AVC. Descriptions of additional subcellular characters (e.g., mitotic-phase spindle pole bodies, cytoplasmic behavior, organelle structure) are also presented.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886454.v1
title: Disentangling cryptic species with isaria-like morphs in Cordycipitaceae

description: A new genus and eight new species, all with isaria-like phialides, are described in Cordycipitaceae from Thailand. The new genus, <i>Samsoniella</i>, is segregated from <i>Akanthomyces</i> based on morphological and molecular evidence. <i>Samsoniella</i> differs from <i>Akanthomyces</i> in producing orange cylindrical to clavate stromata with superficial perithecia and orange conidiophores with isaria-like phialides and white to cream conidia. A new combination for CBS 240.32, originally identified as <i>Paecilomyces farinosus</i> (<i>Isaria farinosa</i>), and CBS 262.58, originally identified as <i>Penicillium alboaurantium</i>, respectively, is made in <i>Samsoniella</i>. Two new species, <i>Samsoniella aurantia</i> and <i>S. inthanonensis</i>, are described from lepidopteran larvae. Two new species of <i>Cordyceps, C. blackwelliae</i> and <i>C. lepidopterorum</i>, were also found on coleopteran and lepidopteran larvae. Both produce isaria-like morphs with globose phialides and attenuated long necks and white mycelium in culture. The authors established a sexual-asexual link for <i>Cordyceps javanica</i> (= <i>Isaria javanica</i>) on lepidopteran larvae. Four new species, <i>Akanthomyces kanyawimiae, A. sulphureus, A. thailandicus</i>, and <i>A. waltergamsii</i>, were pathogenic on spiders, with some strains of <i>A. kanyawimiae</i> also found on unidentified insect larvae. These four species of <i>Akanthomyces</i> occur on the underside of leaves and produce white to cream white powdery conidia, whereas <i>S. aurantia</i> and <i>S. inthanonensis</i> were found in leaf litter and produce bright orange stromata and synnemata with white conidia. Another new combination, <i>Akanthomyces ryukyuensis</i>, is proposed. Phylogenetic analyses based on a combined data set comprising the nuc rDNA region encompassing the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 along with the 5.8S rDNA (ITS), nuc 28S rDNA (28S), partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1-α gene (<i>TEF1</i>), and the genes for RNA polymerase II largest (<i>RPB1</i>) and second-largest (<i>RPB2</i>) subunits strongly support the delimitation of these new species of <i>Cordyceps, Akanthomyces</i>, and in a new genus <i>Samsoniella</i> in Cordycipitaceae.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/i9qw03
title: 1-7.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886448
title: A closer look at Sporidiobolales: Ubiquitous microbial community members of plant and food biospheres

description: Carotenoid-containing yeasts in Sporidiobolales (Microbotryomycetes, Pucciniomycotina, Basidiomycota) have been reported from contrasting ecosystems, including marine, soil, phylloplane, polar ice, and many others. Here, we present several analyses drawing on 583 new isolates collected from various substrates around the globe and publicly available sequences from numerous published environmental studies. We provide a multilocus phylogenetic reconstruction of the order, estimates for total species richness, a snapshot of global distribution patterns, and analysis of niche preferences in Sporidiobolales, emphasizing their occurrence in commercial crops and food products. We evaluated loci commonly used in fungal phylogenetics, finding that RNA polymerase II subunits 1 and 2 (<i>RPB1, RPB2</i>) are of little utility in this group. We have reconfirmed the monophyly of Sporidiobolales with three well-supported genera, which are, in descending order of number of species, <i>Rhodotorula, Sporobolomyces</i>, and <i>Rhodosporidiobolus</i>. From our data, we estimate ca. 260 species in Sporidiobolales, of which 42 are described, and ca. 52,000 species in Pucciniomycotina. The majority of data regarding Sporidiobolales are from North America and Europe, highlighting severe knowledge gaps for most of South and Central America and Africa.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886451.v1
title: Hyphal tip growth and cytoplasmic characters of <i>Conidiobolus coronatus</i> (Zoopagomycota, Entomophthoromycotina)

description: Characteristics of hyphal structure and growth can provide insights into the mechanisms of polarized growth and support investigations of fungal phylogeny. To assist with the resolution of evolutionary relationships of the zygomycetes, the authors used comparative bioimaging methods (light [LM] and transmission electron [TEM] microscopy) to describe selected subcellular characters of hyphal tips of <i>Conidiobolus coronatus</i>. Growing hyphae of <i>C. coronatus</i> contain Spitzenkörper (Spk). Spk are most commonly present in hyphae of Dikarya (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) and are rarely reported in zygomycete hyphae, which possess an apical vesicle crescent (AVC). Such findings raise questions regarding the evolution of the Spk and its relationship with the AVC. Descriptions of additional subcellular characters (e.g., mitotic-phase spindle pole bodies, cytoplasmic behavior, organelle structure) are also presented.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/eq8o3h
title: 1-28.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886448.v1
title: A closer look at Sporidiobolales: Ubiquitous microbial community members of plant and food biospheres

description: Carotenoid-containing yeasts in Sporidiobolales (Microbotryomycetes, Pucciniomycotina, Basidiomycota) have been reported from contrasting ecosystems, including marine, soil, phylloplane, polar ice, and many others. Here, we present several analyses drawing on 583 new isolates collected from various substrates around the globe and publicly available sequences from numerous published environmental studies. We provide a multilocus phylogenetic reconstruction of the order, estimates for total species richness, a snapshot of global distribution patterns, and analysis of niche preferences in Sporidiobolales, emphasizing their occurrence in commercial crops and food products. We evaluated loci commonly used in fungal phylogenetics, finding that RNA polymerase II subunits 1 and 2 (<i>RPB1, RPB2</i>) are of little utility in this group. We have reconfirmed the monophyly of Sporidiobolales with three well-supported genera, which are, in descending order of number of species, <i>Rhodotorula, Sporobolomyces</i>, and <i>Rhodosporidiobolus</i>. From our data, we estimate ca. 260 species in Sporidiobolales, of which 42 are described, and ca. 52,000 species in Pucciniomycotina. The majority of data regarding Sporidiobolales are from North America and Europe, highlighting severe knowledge gaps for most of South and Central America and Africa.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/incmvp
title: 1-57.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886442
title: Harnessing the power of phylogenomics to disentangle the directionality and signatures of interkingdom host jumping in the parasitic fungal genus <i>Tolypocladium</i>

description: Host specialization is common among parasitic fungi; however, there are examples when transitions in host specificity between disparately related hosts have occurred. Here, we examine the interkingdom host jump from insect pathogenicity and mycoparasitism in <i>Tolypocladium</i>. Previous phylogenetic inferences made using only a few genes and with poor support reconstructed an ancestral character state of insect pathogenesis, a transition to mycoparasitism, and reversions to insect pathogenesis. To further explore the directionality and genes underlying the transitions in host, we sequenced two additional species of <i>Tolypocladium</i> (<i>T. capitatum</i> and <i>T. paradoxum</i>) and used phylogenomics to compare two insect pathogens and two mycoparasites. Our whole-genome-scale analysis suggests that the diversification of <i>Tolypocladium</i> species happened relatively quickly and that the truffle parasites form a monophyletic, derived lineage within the genus that is the result of a single ecological transition or host jump from insects to fungi. A significant amount of gene tree/species tree discordance occurs within the data set, and we infer this to be the product of both an historical hybridization event and incomplete lineage sorting that was likely because of the rapid diversification of the clade. Furthermore, comparative genomic analyses revealed a set of genes that are exclusive to the mycoparasitic species. These potentially mycoparasitic gene clusters were characterized by a reduced proportion of secreted proteins when compared with entomopathogen-enriched genes and involved the reshaping of the fungal secretome in the ecological context of mycoparasitism.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/8rxjbf
title: 1-48.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886442.v1
title: Harnessing the power of phylogenomics to disentangle the directionality and signatures of interkingdom host jumping in the parasitic fungal genus <i>Tolypocladium</i>

description: Host specialization is common among parasitic fungi; however, there are examples when transitions in host specificity between disparately related hosts have occurred. Here, we examine the interkingdom host jump from insect pathogenicity and mycoparasitism in <i>Tolypocladium</i>. Previous phylogenetic inferences made using only a few genes and with poor support reconstructed an ancestral character state of insect pathogenesis, a transition to mycoparasitism, and reversions to insect pathogenesis. To further explore the directionality and genes underlying the transitions in host, we sequenced two additional species of <i>Tolypocladium</i> (<i>T. capitatum</i> and <i>T. paradoxum</i>) and used phylogenomics to compare two insect pathogens and two mycoparasites. Our whole-genome-scale analysis suggests that the diversification of <i>Tolypocladium</i> species happened relatively quickly and that the truffle parasites form a monophyletic, derived lineage within the genus that is the result of a single ecological transition or host jump from insects to fungi. A significant amount of gene tree/species tree discordance occurs within the data set, and we infer this to be the product of both an historical hybridization event and incomplete lineage sorting that was likely because of the rapid diversification of the clade. Furthermore, comparative genomic analyses revealed a set of genes that are exclusive to the mycoparasitic species. These potentially mycoparasitic gene clusters were characterized by a reduced proportion of secreted proteins when compared with entomopathogen-enriched genes and involved the reshaping of the fungal secretome in the ecological context of mycoparasitism.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/tcfuxi
title: 1-15.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6886433
title: Using collections data to infer biogeographic, environmental, and host structure in communities of endophytic fungi

description: Biodiversity collections contain a wealth of information encapsulated both in specimens and in their metadata, providing the foundation for diverse studies in fields such as ecology. Yet biodiversity repositories can present a challenge for ecological inferences because collections rarely are structured with ecological questions in mind: collections may be opportunistic in space or time, may focus on particular taxonomic groups, may reflect different collection strategies in different places or times, or may not be exhaustive in terms of retaining every specimen or having similar metadata for each record. In addition to its primary holdings, the Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium at the University of Arizona holds a collection of living specimens of fungi isolated from the interior of healthy plants and lichens (i.e., endophytic and endolichenic fungi). Over the past decade, more than 7000 isolates from the southwestern United States were accessioned, including strains from diverse hosts in more than 50 localities across the biotically rich state of Arizona. This collection is distinctive in that metadata and barcode sequences are available for each specimen, many localities have been sampled with consistent methods, and all isolates obtained in surveys have been retained. Here, we use this herbarium collection to examine endophyte community structure in an ecological and evolutionary context. We then artificially restructure the collection to resemble collections more typical of biodiversity repositories, providing a case study for ecological insights that can be gleaned from collections that were not structured explicitly to address ecological questions. Overall, our analyses highlight the relevance of biogeography, climate, hosts, and geographic separation in endophyte community composition. This study showcases the importance of extensive metadata in collections and highlights the utility of biodiversity collections that can yield emergent insights from many surveys to answer ecological questions in mycology, ultimately providing information for understanding and conserving fungal biodiversity.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/wjqd3x
title: 1-56.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/s1gttr
title: 1-23.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/h9ey0z
title: 1-42.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/htuzu8
title: 1-46.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/bvnyrw
title: 1.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/debtui/nioiua
title: 1-8.5V

description: sigma=1.5Volts; This is a FITS file with 1 (primary) HDU. The following recognized metadata keys have been found in the FITS file: NAXIS2; NAXIS; NAXIS1; NAXIS0;