cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c3h3v
title: Data from: Pollinator-mediated reproductive isolation among dioecious fig species (Ficus, Moraceae)

description: The extent of isolation among closely related sympatric plant species
 engaged in obligate pollination mutualisms depends on the fitness
 consequences of interspecies floral visitation. In figs (Ficus),
 interspecific gene flow may occur when pollinating wasps (Agaonidae) visit
 species other than their natal fig species. We studied reproductive
 isolation in a clade of six sympatric dioecious fig species in New Guinea.
 Microsatellite genotyping and Bayesian clustering analysis of the fig
 community indicated strong reproductive barriers among sympatric species.
 One to two percent of fig populations consisted of hybrid individuals. A
 new experimental method of manipulating fig wasps investigated the
 reproductive consequences of conspecific and heterospecific pollinator
 visitation for both mutualists. Fig wasps introduced to Ficus hispidioides
 pollinated and oviposited in receptive figs. Seed development and seedling
 growth were largely comparable between conspecific and heterospecific
 crosses. Heterospecific pollinator fitness, however, was significantly
 less than that of conspecific pollinators. Heterospecific pollinators
 induced gall formation but offspring did not develop to maturity in the
 new host. Selection on pollinators maintaining host specificity appears to
 be an important mechanism of contemporary reproductive isolation among
 these taxa that could potentially influence their diversification.
description: Moe&Weiblen_genotypesmicrosatellite genotypes for 50 individuals of 6 species of Ficus. Formatted for STRUCTURE.Moe&Weiblen_germinationdataGermination data for seeds resulting from hybrid and non-hybrid experimental crosses.Moe&Weiblen_growthdataGrowth measurements (139 days after planting) for seedlings resulting from experimental crosses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2024g
title: Data from: How to characterize chemical exposure to predict ecologic effects on aquatic communities?

description: Reliable characterization of exposure is indispensable for ecological risk
 assessment of chemicals. To deal with mixtures, several approaches have
 been developed, but their relevance for predicting ecological effects on
 communities in the field has not been elucidated. In the present study, we
 compared nine metrics designed for estimating the total toxicity of
 mixtures regarding their relationship with an effect metric for stream
 macroinvertebrates. This was done using monitoring data of biota and
 organic chemicals, mainly pesticides, from five studies comprising 102
 streams in several regions of Europe and South-East Australia. Mixtures of
 less than 10 pesticides per water sample were most common for concurrent
 exposure. Exposure metrics based on the 5% fraction of a species
 sensitivity distribution performed best, closely followed by metrics based
 on the most sensitive species and Daphnia magna as benchmark. Considering
 only the compound with the highest toxicity and ignoring mixture toxicity
 was sufficient to estimate toxicity in predominantly agricultural regions
 with pesticide exposure. The multisubstance Potentially Affected Fraction
 (msPAF) that combines concentration and response addition was advantageous
 in the study where further organic toxicants occurred. We give
 recommendations on exposure metric selection depending on data
 availability and the involved compounds.
description: DataData and R Script to
 repeat all calculations. Data on pesticides from field observations,
 toxicity data from different sources.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.541r5
title: Data from: Survival of adult Steller sea lions in Alaska: senescence, annual variation and covariation with male reproductive success

description: Population dynamics of long-lived vertebrates depend critically on adult
 survival, yet factors affecting survival and covariation between survival
 and other vital rates in adults remain poorly examined for many taxonomic
 groups of long-lived mammals (e.g. actuarial senescence has been examined
 for only 9 of 34 extant pinniped species using longitudinal data). We used
 mark-recapture models and data from 2,795 Steller sea lion (Eumetopias
 jubatus) pups individually-marked at 4 of 5 rookeries in southeastern
 Alaska (SEAK) and resighted for 22 years to examine senescence, annual
 variability, and covariation among life-history traits in this long-lived,
 sexually-dimorphic pinniped. Sexes differed in age of onset (~16–17 and
 ~8-9 years for females and males, respectively), but not rate (-0.047 and
 -0.046/year of age for females and males) of senescence. Survival of adult
 males from northern SEAK had greatest annual variability (~±0.30 among
 years), whereas survival of adult females ranged ~±0.10 annually. Positive
 covariation between male survival and reproductive success was observed.
 Survival of territorial males was 0.20 higher than that of non-territorial
 males, resulting in the majority of males alive at oldest ages being
 territorial.
description: caphist1Text file of capture histories (ch) by year as described in the manuscript with variables natal rookery (nr - see manuscript) and sex.caphist2Text file of capture histories (ch) by year for adult males based on territorial status as described in the manuscript by natal rookery (nr - see manuscript) and cohort (coh).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8c26b
title: Data from: Reproductive competition triggers mass eviction in cooperative banded mongooses

description: In many vertebrate societies, forced eviction of group members is an
 important determinant of population structure, but little is known about
 what triggers eviction. Three main explanations are (1) the reproductive
 competition hypothesis; (2) the coercion of cooperation hypothesis; and
 (3) the adaptive forced dispersal hypothesis. The last hypothesis proposes
 that dominant individuals use eviction as an adaptive strategy to
 propagate copies of their alleles through a highly structured population.
 We tested these hypotheses as explanations for eviction in cooperatively
 breeding banded mongooses (Mungos mungo), using a 16-year dataset on life
 history, behaviour and relatedness. In this species, groups of females, or
 mixed-sex groups, are periodically evicted en masse. Our evidence suggests
 that reproductive competition is the main ultimate trigger for eviction
 for both sexes. We find little evidence that mass eviction is used to
 coerce helping, or as a mechanism to force dispersal of relatives into the
 population. Eviction of females changes the landscape of reproductive
 competition for remaining males, which may explain why males are evicted
 alongside females. Our results show that the consequences of resolving
 within-group conflict resonate through groups and populations to affect
 population structure, with important implications for social evolution.
description: Probability of eviction
 dataFile that contains the
 relevant data for models that examine the probability of eviction
 occurring in groups of banded mongoosesprobevictiondata_revisedms_final sub.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5t1b5
title: Data from: The influence of fledgling location on adult provisioning: a test of the blackmail hypothesis

description: One theory to explain the existence of conspicuous solicitation is that it
 is a way for young to ‘blackmail’ care-givers into provisioning them, by
 threatening their own destruction. Fledgling birds offer a unique
 opportunity to investigate the ‘blackmail theory’, as their mobility
 enables them to influence the predation risk they face. We investigated a
 novel solicitation behaviour in fledgling pied babblers (Turdoides
 bicolor), where fledglings use their location to influence provisioning
 rates. We show that fledglings face a trade-off: the ground is a much more
 profitable location in terms of provisioning rate from adult care-givers,
 but they are at greater risk from predators due to their limited flying
 ability and slow response to alarm calls. Young babbler fledglings move to
 the ground when hungry, signalling their state, and this stimulates adults
 to increase their provisioning rates. Once satiated, fledglings return to
 the safety of cover. By experimentally increasing terrestrial predation
 risk, we found that adults increased their provisioning rate to
 terrestrial but not arboreal fledglings. Thus, by moving to a riskier
 location, fledglings revealed their need and were able to manipulate
 adults to achieve higher provisioning rates. These results provide support
 for the ‘blackmail theory’.
description: Pied babbler fledgling
 blackmailData from a series of
 experiments to investigate blackmail in fledgling pied
 babblers.Data for open
 access.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.81tg6
title: Data from: Unexpected positive and negative effects of continuing inbreeding in one of the world’s most inbred wild animals

description: Inbreeding depression, the reduced fitness of offspring of related
 individuals, is a central theme in evolutionary biology. Inbreeding
 effects are influenced by the genetic makeup of a population, which is
 driven by any history of genetic bottlenecks and genetic drift. The
 Chatham Island black robin represents a case of extreme inbreeding
 following two severe population bottlenecks. We tested whether inbreeding
 measured by a 20-year pedigree predicted variation in fitness among
 individuals, despite the high mean level of inbreeding and low genetic
 diversity in this species. We found that paternal and maternal inbreeding
 reduced fledgling survival and individual inbreeding reduced juvenile
 survival, indicating that inbreeding depression affects even this highly
 inbred population. Close inbreeding also reduced survival for fledglings
 with less-inbred mothers, but unexpectedly improved survival for
 fledglings with highly inbred mothers. This counterintuitive interaction
 could not be explained by various potentially confounding variables. We
 propose a genetic mechanism, whereby a highly inbred chick with a highly
 inbred parent inherits a “proven” genotype and thus experiences a fitness
 advantage, which could explain the interaction. The positive and negative
 effects we found emphasize that continuing inbreeding can have important
 effects on individual fitness, even in populations that are already highly
 inbred.
description: Black robin individual
 dataIndividual data
 (parentage, sex, hatch date, population, inbreeding coefficient, etc.) of
 Chatham Island black robins, as used in analyses by Weiser et al.
 (Evolution). Data were collected in wild populations in 1990-2001. One
 line per individual. Individual ID is the number from the first metal band
 applied to the individual. "Rim_layer" column indicates whether
 the individual ever laid eggs on the rim of the nest; relevant for females
 only.Weiser
 et al_DatasetS1.csvBlack robin breeding
 dataBreeding data (breeding
 pair IDs, kinship, location of nest in UTMs, distance to nearest
 neighbor's nest, number of offspring) for Chatham Island black
 robins, as used in analyses by Weiser et al. (Evolution). Data were
 collected in three wild subpopulations (Mangere Island, and Woolshed Bush
 and Top Bush on Rangatira Island) in 1990-2001. The file shows one line
 per clutch; some breeding pairs had multiple clutches in some years.
 Female and male IDs are the numbers from the first metal bands applied to
 each parent, and can be cross-referenced with the "individual
 data" file from this publication. "Independent young" are
 those that reach nutritional independence from parents, after fledging
 from the nest and being fed on the parents' territory for a month or
 two.Weiser
 et al_DatasetS2.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d3qt0
title: Data from: Microwear-mesowear congruence and mortality bias in rhinoceros mass death assemblages

description: Although we do not know the cause of death of most fossils, mortality is
 often associated with ecological stress due to seasonality and other
 stochastic events (storms, volcanism) that may have caused shifts in
 feeding ecology preceding death. In these instances, dental microwear,
 which reflects feeding ecology in a narrow window of time, may provide a
 biased view of diet. Mesowear, another dental wear proxy based on the
 morphology of worn cusps, requires macroscopic amounts of dental wear and
 reflects diet for a longer interval and may be less prone to bias from
 near-death ecological stress. We compared congruence between microwear and
 mesowear of North American fossil rhinocerotid mass death assemblages and
 hunted collections of modern rhinocerotids to test the hypothesis that
 fossil assemblages yield more incongruous microwear and mesowear results
 as a result of near-death ecological disturbances. In extant rhinos, both
 microwear and mesowear are associated with diet and height of the feeding
 environment. Mesowear and microwear in the modern rhinocerotid collections
 are statistically correlated with strong relationships between average
 mesowear scores and labially distributed dental microwear. In contrast, a
 statistical relationship between mesowear and microwear was not observed
 among the fossil rhinocerotid assemblages. Mesowear suggests the fossil
 rhinos had low abrasion diets, suggesting they fed from clean, possibly
 tall vegetation. Some, but not all mass death assemblages produce
 microwear data with excessive scratches and/or pits compared to
 expectations based on mesowear results, suggesting that dental microwear
 was altered shortly before death in some but not all of the fossil
 assemblages. The dental wear proxies available to paleoecologists provide
 a mosaic of dietary evidence reflecting diet over long (mesowear) and more
 abbreviated (microwear) periods of time that, together, provide a richer
 understanding of feeding ecology and its relationship to environment,
 seasonal change, and other ecological disturbances.
description: Mihlbachler
 supplementary dataMicrowear and mesowear
 dataMihlbachler supplimentary
 data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c521p
title: Data from: Life-history trade-offs mediate ‘personality’ variation in two colour morphs of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum

description: (1) Life-history trade-offs are considered a major driving force in the
 emergence of consistent behavioural differences (personality variation);
 but empirical tests are scarce. (2) We investigated links between a
 personality trait (escape response), life-history and state variables
 (growth rate, size and age at first reproduction, age-dependent
 reproductive rates, lifetime reproductive success, lifespan) in red and
 green colour morphs of clonal pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum. Escape
 response (dropping/non-dropping off a plant upon a predatory attack) was
 measured repeatedly to classify individuals as consistent droppers,
 consistent non-droppers or inconsistents. (3) Red morphs experienced
 stronger trade-offs between early reproduction and lifespan than green
 morphs; and red consistent (non-)droppers had highest lifetime
 reproductive success. Red droppers followed a risk-averse life-history
 strategy (high late reproduction), red non-droppers a risk-prone strategy
 (high early reproduction), while reproductive rates were equivalent for
 all green behavioural types and red inconsistents. (4) This suggests that
 red morphs suffer the highest costs of dropping (they are most conspicuous
 to predators), which ‘equivalates’ fitness payoffs to both risk-takers
 (red non-droppers) and risk-averse red droppers. The strong trade-off also
 means that committing to a particular lifestyle (being consistent)
 maximises fitness. (5) Our study suggests that life-history trade-offs
 likely mediate personality variation but effects might depend on
 interactions with other organismal characteristics (here: colour morph).
description: Data_Personality-Life-historyData_Personality_Growth-continuousData_Personality_Reproductive-rate
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1fc39p2n
title: Data from: Phenotypic plasticity allows the Mediterranean parsley frog Pelodytes punctatus to exploit two contrasted temporal niches under continuous gene flow

description: Environmental changes, such as climate change, lead to the opening of new
 niches. In such situations, species that adapt to new niches can survive
 and/or expand their ranges. However, gene flow can hamper genetic
 adaptation to new environments. Alternatively, recent models have
 highlighted the importance of phenotypic plasticity in tracking
 environmental change. In this study, we illustrate how plasticity allows
 an amphibian species to exploit two very different climatic niches under
 continuous gene flow. In the Mediterranean region, the parsley frog
 Pelodytes punctatus breeds both in spring, as do most other species, and
 in autumn, a temporal niche not exploited by most other species, but which
 may become increasingly important with global warming. Conditions of
 development are dramatically different between the two seasons and deeply
 impact tadpole life-history traits. To determine whether these temporal
 niches are exploited by two genetically differentiated sub-populations, or
 whether the bimodal phenology arises in a panmictic population displaying
 plastic life-history traits, we use two complementary approaches. We
 measure both molecular genetic differentiation and quantitative-trait
 differentiation between spring and autumn cohorts, using microsatellites
 an common garden experiments respectively. Seasonal cohorts were not
 genetically differentiated and differences in tadpole life-history between
 cohorts were not maintained in laboratory conditions. We conclude that
 phenotypic plasticity, rather than genetic adaptation, allows Parsley frog
 to exploit two contrasted temporal niches.
description: data-microsat-JourdanPineau-2011This is the genotypes of all individuals used in this study.data-experiment-JourdanPineau-2011These are the larval period and size at metamorphosis of individuals reared in the lab.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.20nf5
title: Data from: Genetic factors affecting food-plant specialization of an oligophagous seed predator

description: Several ecological and genetic factors affect the diet specialization of
 insect herbivores. The evolution of specialization may be constrained by
 lack of genetic variation in herbivore performance on different food plant
 species. By traditional view, trade-offs, i.e., negative genetic
 correlations between the performance of the herbivores on different
 food-plant species favour the evolution of specialization. To investigate
 whether there is genetic variation or trade-offs in herbivore performance
 between different food plants that may influence specialization of the
 oligophagous seed-eating herbivore, Lygaeus equestris (Heteroptera), we
 conducted a feeding trial in laboratory using four food-plant species.
 Although L. equestris is specialized on Vincetoxicum hirundinaria
 (Apocynaceae) to some degree, it occasionally feeds on alternative
 food-plant species. We did not find significant negative genetic
 correlations between mortality, developmental time, and adult biomass of
 L. equestris on the different food-plant species. We found genetic
 variation in mortality and developmental time of L. equestris on some of
 the food plants, but not in adult biomass. Our results suggest that
 trade-offs do not affect adaptation and specialization of L. equestris to
 current and novel food-plant species, but the lack of genetic variation
 may restrict food-plant utilization. Since food-plant specialization of
 herbivores may have wide-ranging effects for instance on coevolving
 plant-herbivore interactions and speciation, it is essential to thoroughly
 understand the factors behind the specialization process. Our findings
 provide valuable information about the role of genetic factors in
 food-plant specialization of this oligophagous herbivore.
description: Feeding trials of
 Lygaeus equestrisData from laboratory
 experiment. Data file created with Excel 2010.Dryad_data_Laukkanen.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.528nm
title: Data from: Genetic subdivision and variation in selfing rates among Central American populations of the mangrove rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus

description: We used 32 polymorphic microsatellite loci to investigate how a
 mixed-mating system affects population genetic structure in Central
 American populations (N = 243 individuals) of the killifish Kryptolebias
 marmoratus (mangrove rivulus), 1 of 2 of the world’s only known
 self-fertilizing vertebrates. Results were also compared with previous
 microsatellite surveys of Floridian populations of this species. For
 several populations in Belize and Honduras, population structure and
 genetic differentiation were pronounced and higher than in Florida, even
 though the opposite trend was expected because populations in the latter
 region were presumably smaller and highly selfing. The deduced frequency
 of selfing (s) ranged from s = 0.39–0.99 across geographic locales in
 Central America. This heterogeneity in selfing rates was in stark contrast
 to Florida, where s &gt; 0.9. The frequency of outcrossing in a
 population (t = 1 − s) was tenuously correlated with local frequencies of
 males, suggesting that males are one of many factors influencing
 outcrossing. Observed distributions of individual heterozygosity showed
 good agreement with expected distributions under an equilibrium
 mixed-mating model, indicating that rates of selfing remained relatively
 constant over many generations. Overall, our results demonstrate the
 profound consequences of a mixed-mating system for the genetic
 architecture of a hermaphroditic vertebrate.
description: Microsatellite genotypes
 in Kryptolebias marmoratus from Central AmericaGenotypes of 32
 microsatellite loci in 243 individuals of Kryptolebias marmoratus from
 Belize and Honduras. Genotypes are arranged in 1-column
 format.BelHonON_Dryad_Tatarenkov.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4r383
title: Data from: Variation in parent-offspring kinship in socially monogamous systems with extra-pair reproduction and inbreeding

description: Female extra-pair reproduction in socially monogamous systems is predicted
 to cause cuckolded socially-paired males to conditionally reduce paternal
 care, causing selection against extra-pair reproduction and underlying
 polyandry. However, existing models and empirical studies have not
 explicitly considered that cuckolded males might be related to their
 socially-paired female and/or to her extra-pair mate, and therefore be
 related to extra-pair offspring that they did not sire but could rear.
 Selection against paternal care, and hence against extra-pair
 reproduction, might then be weakened. We derive metrics that quantify
 allele-sharing between within-pair and extra-pair offspring and their
 mother and her socially-paired male in terms of coefficients of kinship
 and inbreeding. We use song sparrow (Melospiza melodia) paternity and
 pedigree data to quantify these metrics, and thereby quantify the joint
 effects of extra-pair reproduction and inbreeding on a brood's total
 allelic value to its socially-paired parents. Cuckolded male song sparrows
 were almost always detectably related to extra-pair offspring they reared.
 Consequently, although brood allelic value decreased substantially
 following female extra-pair reproduction, this decrease was reduced by
 within-pair and extra-pair reproduction among relatives. Such complex
 variation in kinship within nuclear families should be incorporated into
 models considering co-evolutionary dynamics of extra-pair reproduction,
 parental care and inbreeding.
description: Reid_Parent-Offspring_Kinship_DataData for "Variation in parent-offspring kinship in socially monogamous systems with extra-pair reproduction and inbreeding"Reid_DryadData.txt