cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.cx34pf
title: Chemistry in the GG Tau A Disk: Constraints from H2D+, N2H+ and DCO+ high angular resolution ALMA observations

description: Highly resolved molecular line observations are essential to gain insight into the physical and chemical struc- ture of a protoplanetary disk. Specifically, the cold and highly dense regions are important as planets form and acquire their composition here. However, it is challenging to trace cold, high-density regions because most of the molecules freeze onto grain surfaces and are not available in the gas phase to be observed. We aimed to investigate the cold molecular chemistry in the protoplanetary disk around a triple star T Tauri system, GG Tau A, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) band 7 observations. This work presents highly resolved emissions of N2 H+ and DCO+ and non-detection of H2 D+ , 13 CS, and SO2 . Radial intensity profiles of N2H+ reveal that the majority of the emission originates from the ring edge. DCO+ radial intensity distribution exhibits dual peaks—one at the ring center and another at the outer disk region—suggesting that DCO+ is tracing two distinct regions within the disk. We obtained upper limits of column density for the unde- tected molecules. We constrained molecular column densities using the rotational diagram method along with the radiative transfer code. Additionally, we utilized our state-of-the-art, in-house astrochemical code to model the physical and chemical structure of the disk. We ran grids of 360 astrochemistry models and found that the best-fit model requires a carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio of 0.7 and a low cosmic ray ionization rate (ζX ) of 10−18 s−1. Our best-fit model shows good agreement with the radial distribution of column density for both N2H+ and DCO+. However, we could not accurately reproduce the observed temperature trends, which could be attributed to our limited understanding of the physical structure of the ring region
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.sq9slp
title: Engineering intricacies of implementing single-atom alloy catalysts for low-temperature electrocatalytic CO2 reduction

description: Catalysts research for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions (CO2R) has witnessed rapid growth in the last decade. Single-atom alloy catalysts (SAAs), featuring atomically dispersed metal dopants on host metal surfaces, have shown promise in boosting CO2R yield by optimizing the structure and synergy of the catalytic metals at the atomic scale. Despite the exciting development of SAAs for CO2R in fundamental science, dedicated studies for its engineering implementation have been absent. We use this perspective to discuss our non-exhaustive engineering considerations for implementing SAAs for CO2R. The perspective starts with a brief overview of the current research status for SAAs in CO2R, followed by focal points on structure uncertainties associated with catalyst manufacturing, catalyst layer degradation during reaction, and possibilities of SAAs to mitigate the salt precipitation issue at the device level. We hope our opinions will engage rising attention toward the engineering catalysis research for applying SAAs to CO2R at scale.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.m0p9f4
title: Coronagraph Instrument Optical Bench Structure Design and Development

description: The Coronagraph Instrument will perform direct imaging of exoplanets via coronagraphy of the host star. We present the design and development of the highly stable optical bench structure. It utilized an innovative approach of using in-house developed Matlab-based tool that accounts for the complex alignment compensations during operations to derive opto-mechanical requirements in simple terms. The design was successfully verified by the end-to-end Structural-Thermal-Optical-Performance analysis. We present the requirements derivation process as well as the final verification results.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.u0hisp
title: INSPIRE: INvestigating Stellar Population In RElics - VII. The local environment of ultra-compact massive galaxies

description: Relic galaxies, the oldest ultra-compact massive galaxies (UCMGs), contain almost exclusively “pristine” stars formed during an intense star formation (SF) burst at high redshift. As such, they allow us to study in detail the early mechanism of galaxy assembly in the Universe. Using the largest catalogue of spectroscopically confirmed UCMGs for which a degree of relicness (DoR) had been estimated, the INSPIRE catalogue, we investigate whether or not relics prefer dense environments. The objective of this study is to determine if the DoR, which measures how extreme the SF history was, and the surrounding environment are correlated. In order to achieve this goal, we employ the AMICO galaxy cluster catalogue to compute the probability for a galaxy to be a member of a cluster, and measure the local density around each UCMG using machine learning-based photometric redshifts.We find that UCMGs can reside both in clusters and in the field, but objects with very low DoR (&lt; 0.3, i.e., a relatively extended SF history) prefer under-dense environments. We additionally report a correlation between the DoR and the distance from the cluster centre: more extreme relics, when located in clusters, tend to occupy the more central regions of them. We finally outline potential evolution scenarios for UCMGs at different DoR to reconcile their presence in both clusters and field environments.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.uo9mw0
title: A molecular wind from the compact dust disk around CX Tau

description: We present Keck NIRSPEC+AO high-resolution (R∼25,000), mid-infrared (M-band: 4.6 − 5.2 μm) spectra of the protoplanetary disk CX Tau. Noted for its compact dust disk despite an extended gaseous component in millimeter images, CX Tau provides an ideal setting to study the warm, inner regions of a disk thought to be experiencing pebble drift. Our data covers many 12CO v = 1 − 0 ro-vibrational transitions, in addition to 13CO and 12CO v = 2 − 1. We find no evidence for CO emission in the inner disk of CX Tau at the level of 8 × 1016 cm−2, but do detect narrow, blueshifted absorption at −6 km s−1. A rotation diagram analysis shows that the gas temperature ranges from about 10 to 350 K, with column densities ∼ 9 × 1015 and 3 × 1017 cm−2, respectively. In addition to our Keck-NIRSPEC spectra, we create line maps from archival JWST-MIRI IFU data using custom JDISCS reduction techniques. These maps show spatially extended (∼500 au) H2 and [Ne II]. The blueshifted CO absorption and extended H2 and [Ne II] are evidence of a photoevaporative disk wind. We estimate a wind mass-loss rate from the H2 S(1) line of ∼ 10−9M⊙ yr−1, which is approximately equal to the stellar accretion rate and suggests that CX Tau is in the early stages of disk dispersal.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.c27ubf
title: Exoplanet detection techniques for direct imaging dark zone maintenance data sets

description: With the commencement of the development of the Habitable Worlds Observatory, it is imperative that the community has an understanding of (1) the stability requirements for the observatory to inform the design and (2) the gains expected from post-processing to inform observing scenarios and science yield estimates. We demonstrate that a previously developed, photon-efficient dark-zone maintenance (DZM) algorithm, that corrects quasi-static wavefront error drifts by using only science images, is compatible with traditional post-processing techniques. Further, we augment the DZM algorithm to estimate the coherent and incoherent light separately and introduce three novel post-processing techniques that leverage the concurrent estimation of coherent and incoherent light. With the DZM algorithm implemented on the High-contrast imager for Complex Aperture Telescopes (HiCAT) testbed at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI), artificial drifts are injected as a random walk on a set of deformable mirrors (DMs) and are corrected with DZM. An injected fake planet is recovered in post-processing using a variety of techniques, such as angular differential imaging (ADI), and three novel techniques presented in this paper: incoherent accumulated imaging (IAI), software-based coherent differential imaging (CDI), and coherent reference differential imaging (CoRDI). All post-processing techniques can recover an injected planet at the same contrast level as the dark-zone background contrast (∼ 8 × 10−8), and the ADI technique is shown to recover a 4 × 10−8 planet in a 8 × 10−8 dark zone. For a space-based observatory, this would mean that if the instrument can reach a contrast level, we can maintain it and recover a planet that is undetectable in a single frame.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.c0trhj
title: Inverse modeling of satellite observations shows that the wet tropics drive the 2010-2022 methane increase

description: Atmospheric methane concentrations rose rapidly over the past decade and surged in 2020-2022 but the causes have been unclear. We find from inverse analysis of GOSAT satellite observations that emissions from the wet tropics drove the 2010-2019 increase and the subsequent 2020-2022 surge, while emissions from northern mid-latitudes decreased. The 2020-2022 surge is principally contributed by emissions in Equatorial Asia (43%) and Africa (30%). Wetlands are the major drivers of the 2020-2022 emission increases in Africa and Equatorial Asia because of tropical inundation associated with La Niña conditions, consistent with trends in the GRACE terrestrial water storage data. In contrast, emissions from major anthropogenic emitters such as the US, Russia, and China are relatively flat over 2010-2022. Concentrations of tropospheric OH (the main methane sink) show no long-term trend over 2010-2022, but a decrease over 2020-2022 that contributed to the methane surge
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.l65fh3
title: Retrieval of Atmospheric Water Vapor and Temperature Profiles over Antarctica through Iterative Approach

description: Retrieving atmospheric water vapor and temperature profiles presents considerable challenges over land surfaces using microwave radiometry due to uncertainties associated with estimating background surface emissions. In response, we have devised an approach that integrates the atmospheric retrieval algorithm with the background emission algorithm, establishing an iterative loop to refine the accuracy of atmospheric profiles. Leveraging optimal estimation techniques with sounding channels spanning from Ka- to G-band obtained from ATMS, we successfully retrieved atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles across space and time. These retrieved atmospheric profiles undergo continual updates throughout each iteration, exerting influence on subsequent surface retrievals. This iterative process persists until convergence is achieved in the atmospheric retrieval. The algorithm's novelty lies in its fusion of surface retrieval with atmospheric retrieval, thereby enhancing overall accuracy. We validated the retrievals against radiosonde data. Our iterative algorithm proved to be efficient and accurate in retrieving temperature profiles with surface emissivity and in detecting melting events. Though our algorithm was able to capture the water vapor variations, the results showed that to obtain accurate absolute values of the water content an independently retrieved surface emissivity is required.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.zapjge
title: Ultra-Wideband RF-Photonics Technology for Microwave Spectrometry

description: We describe an RF-photonic system architecture to measure microwave spectrum over a wide bandwidth with high resolution. The approach relies on the up-conversion of the electronic signal to the optical domain using a high-speed electro-optic modulator (EOM), and an arrayed-waveguide (AWG) grating for spectral analysis. The modulator is implemented in lithium niobate whereas the AWG takes the form of a photonic integrated circuit fabricated in a silicon-on-insulator material platform. We present experimental results showing high-frequency response, in excess of 200 GHz, for the modulator, and broadband response of the AWG with the free spectral range of 81 GHz. The system is suitable for the measurement of atmospheric radiation between the oxygen and water vapor absorption lines for the monitoring of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) to aid in weather prediction and the modeling of climate dynamics.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ryevpq
title: Impacts of Spatial Resolution on the Capture of Global River Fluxes and Variability Through Remote Sensing

description: Satellite observations of Earth’s river networks offer a valuable perspective on global hydrologic dynamics. The spatial resolution and revisit patterns of remote sensing observations represent a key control on the fraction of global rivers that can be sensed, and thus the total river fluxes and storages that can be resolved. While it is expected that satellite observations with improved spatial resolution would capture a more comprehensive view of global river processes, the functional relationship between observing resolution and the resulting representation of river dynamics remains unknown. In this study, we assess how the spatial resolution of observations affects a satellite’s ability to observe key components of the global river water cycle using state-of-the-art hydrologic simulations. As expected, we find that increase spatial resolution has a positive influence on the degree to which global river fluxes and storages are captured. If remote sensing observations are made at a spatial resolution representing the current state of technological capabilities, we show that approximately 83% of global river discharge to the ocean and 91% of total river storage could be observed. Our findings can also serve as an easily applicable and transferable tool to aid in balancing scientific gain with technological constraints during the planning of river-observing satellite missions.
DOI: 10.5284/1122828
title: Site Data from an Archaeological Excavation at the DIRFT III Development Area, Watling Street, Northamptonshire, August 2015 to April 2016

description: This collection comprises images, spreadsheets and CAD data from a programme of archaeological investigation undertaken by Cotswold Archaeology between August 2015 and April 2016 on behalf of Prologis UK Ltd, at DIRFT III, Land East of Watling Street (A5), Northamptonshire. An area of approximately 17.4 hectares, comprising 11 different excavation areas, was excavated across the 340 hectares development area. The excavations revealed a landscape of extensive and frequently low-key agricultural activity dating to the later prehistoric, Roman, medieval and post-medieval periods.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.dsgfeg
title: 3D surface velocity field inferred from SAR interferometry: Cerro Prieto Step-Over, Mexico, case study

description: The Cerro Prieto Basin, a tectonically active pull-apart basin, hosts significant geothermal re-sources currently being exploited in the Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field (CPGF). Consequently, natural tectonic processes and anthropogenic activities contribute to three-dimensional surface displacements in this pull-apart basin. Here, we obtained the Cerro Prieto Step-Over 3D surface velocity field (3DSVF) by accomplishing a weighted least square algorithm inversion from geo-metrically quasi-orthogonal airborne UAVSAR and RADARSAT-2, Sentinel 1A satellite Synthet-ic Aperture-Radar (SAR) imagery collected from 2012 to 2016. 3DSVF results show a vertical rate of 150 mm.yr-1 and 40 mm.yr-1 for the horizontal rate, where for the first time, the north component displacement is achieved by using only the Interferometric SAR time series in the CPGF. Data integration and validation between the 3DSVF and ground-based measurements such as continuous GPS time series and precise leveling data were achieved. Correlating the find-ings with recent geothermal energy production revealed a subsidence rate slowdown that aligns with the CPGF's annual vapor production.
DOI: 10.25919/btk3-vx79
title: RadioGalaxyNET Dataset - Extended Radio Galaxies

description: Automating the creation of catalogues for radio galaxies in next-generation deep surveys necessitates the identification of components within extended sources and their respective infrared hosts. We present RadioGalaxyNET, a multimodal dataset, tailored for machine learning tasks to streamline the automated detection and localization of multi-component extended radio galaxies and their associated infrared hosts. The dataset encompasses 4,155 instances of galaxies across 2,800 images, incorporating both radio and infrared channels. Each instance furnishes details about the extended radio galaxy class, a bounding box covering all components, a pixel-level segmentation mask, and the keypoint position of the corresponding infrared host galaxy. RadioGalaxyNET is the first dataset to include images from the highly sensitive Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) radio telescope, corresponding infrared images, and instance-level annotations for galaxy detection. For more details, see the RadioGalaxyNET paper in the PASA journal and the NeurIPS 2023 conference workshop.
DOI: 10.25919/ypfp-0p69
title: Catalogue of Radio Galaxies in the EMU Pilot Survey

description: This collection presents the first ML generated catalogue of radio galaxies from the 270 square degrees pilot survey of the Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU-PS, see related links) conducted with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP, see related links) telescope. The detection pipeline employs Gal-DINO computer-vision networks (see related links) to predict the categories of radio morphology, bounding boxes for radio sources, and potential infrared host positions. These networks are trained and evaluated on around 5,000 visually inspected radio galaxies and their infrared hosts, encompassing both compact and extended radio morphologies. The evaluation shows high accuracy, with over 99% of predicted bounding boxes having an Intersection over Union (IoU) larger than 0.5 and 98% of predicted host positions being within 3 arcseconds of the ground truth. The catalogue construction pipeline utilizes the predictions of the trained network on radio and infrared image cutouts based on the catalogue of radio components identified using the Selavy source finder algorithm. It prioritizes components with higher confidence scores, resulting in the identification of 211,625 radio sources, of which 201,211 are classified as compact and unresolved, and 10,414 are categorized as extended radio morphologies. Cross-matching with infrared and optical catalogues reveals infrared cross-matches for 73% and photometric redshifts for 36% of the radio galaxies. The EMU-PS catalogue and detection pipelines presented will contribute to the construction of catalogues for the main EMU survey covering the full southern sky.

For more details, see the paper "RG-CAT: Detection Pipeline and Catalogue of Radio Galaxies in the EMU Pilot Survey" in the PASA journal.

If the embargo period is in effect, please email me at nikhel.gupta(at)csiro.au, and I will provide you with a link.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.jk6itt
title: Development of capillary electrophoresis methods for detection of microbial metabolites on potential future spaceflight missions

description: The search for chemical indicators of life is a fundamental component of potential future spaceflight missions to ocean worlds. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a useful separation method for the determination of the small organic molecules, such as amino acids and nucleobases, that could be used to help determine whether or not life is present in a sample collected during such missions. CE is under development for spaceflight applications using multiple detection systems, such as laser induced fluorescence (LIF) and mass spectrometry (MS). Here we report CE-based methods for separation and detection of major polar metabolites in cells, such as amino acids, nucleobases/sides, and oxidized and reduced glutathione using detectors that are less expensive alternatives to LIF and MS. Direct UV detection, indirect UV detection, and capacitvely coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) were tested with CE, and a combination of direct UV and C4D allowed the detection of the widest variety of metabolites. The optimized method was used to profile metabolites found in samples of Escherichia coli and Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis and showed distinct differences between the species.
DOI: 10.48577/jpl.ajczor
title: Demonstration of Roman Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) Star Acquisition in Thermal Vacuum (TVAC)

description: NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is a flagship astrophysics mission, planned for launch in 2027. The Coronagraph Instrument (CGI) aboard Roman will demonstrate the technology for direct imaging and spectroscopy of exoplanets around nearby stars and starlight suppression that surpasses previous space-based and ground-based coronagraphs by using active wavefront control in space with deformable mirrors. To achieve this goal, CGI requires a star acquisition system to acquire both reference and target stars. This paper will describe two different methods of CGI star acquisition system: ExCAm and Raster Scan. Furthermore, it will detail the results of the CGI thermal vacuum (TVAC) tests conducted to assess system-level star acquisition and verify its performance requirements.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27118626
title: Ultrathin high-efficiency Zener diode fabricated using organized ZnS nanoparticles in surface-grafted poly(methacrylic acid) matrix

description: <pre>This repository contains raw source data that has been collected and published in the form of an article. AFM images were collected using atomic force microscope (AFM) (Dimension Icon XR microscopeBruker, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) working in the air in the PeakForce Tapping (PFT) mode, using standard silicon cantilevers with a nominal spring constant of 0.4 N/m, nominal tip radius of 2 nm and triangular geometry tip. All charts included in Figure 4 are presented in the form of tables located in separate files</pre><pre>. </pre>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27118626.v1
title: Ultrathin high-efficiency Zener diode fabricated using organized ZnS nanoparticles in surface-grafted poly(methacrylic acid) matrix

description: <pre>This repository contains raw source data that has been collected and published in the form of an article. AFM images were collected using atomic force microscope (AFM) (Dimension Icon XR microscopeBruker, Santa Barbara, CA, USA) working in the air in the PeakForce Tapping (PFT) mode, using standard silicon cantilevers with a nominal spring constant of 0.4 N/m, nominal tip radius of 2 nm and triangular geometry tip. All charts included in Figure 4 are presented in the form of tables located in separate files</pre><pre>. </pre>
DOI: 10.15468/dl.retje3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 648435 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Canada",
 "DatasetKey is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Aix sponsa (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 648435 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0035617-240906103802322/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5519/qd.6banteuz
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (119 records)
DOI: 10.5519/qd.vmmg394x
title: Query on the Natural History Museum Data Portal (data.nhm.ac.uk) (339 records)
DOI: 10.26302/sshade/experiment_ll_20110727_001
title: Ti K edge XAS fluorescence of Ti oxides at 300K