cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.60773/enx6-h124
title: A Nurse-Community Health Worker-Family Partnership Model: Addressing Uptake of COVID-19 Testing and Control Measures

description: New York City (NYC) is a global epicenter of the SARS-CoV2/COVID-19 pandemic, with 222,000 cases and more than 25,000 deaths. Neighborhood-level disparities in cases and deaths in NYC can be explained by socioeconomic and racial/ethnic characteristics, where Latinx and Black New Yorkers and those living in high poverty neighborhoods are 1.5 times more likely to test positive and more than twice as likely to die as a result of COVID-19. The community of Mott Haven is located the South Bronx – the poorest congressional district within the continental United States. Mott Haven is highly diverse (73% are Latinx and 24% are Black), and COVID-19 mortality is among the highest NYC and higher than in NYC as a whole – an epicenter within an epicenter. Yet, although Mott Haven is clearly a priority community for COVID-related prevention, detection, vaccination, and treatment initiatives, so far fewer than 2% of residents have been tested.

COVID-19 secondary attack rates are highest in households, varying between 12 – 38%. This led us to propose a COVID-19 testing and mitigation intervention in public housing households in Mott Haven, which are characterized by crowding, intergenerational co-residence, and a high proportion of low wage “essential workers” who leave the home for work even during lockdown periods. We will evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative Nurse-Community Health Worker (CHW)-Family Partnership intervention designed to promote COVID-19 testing uptake, adoption of COVID-19 control measures, and mutual aid capacity at the household level. Our intervention is adapted from the Nurse-Family Partnership model, which has been shown to be effective and cost-effective in improving maternal and child health outcomes in high-poverty, racially- and ethnically-diverse communities. CHWs will provide culturally-appropriate support to families, addressing stigma, medical mistrust, and other common barriers to engagement in healthcare.

We propose a 2-arm randomized controlled trial, in which 270 households (810 individuals) will be randomly assigned (2:1) to either the experimental group of families who will receive the Nurse-CHW-Family Partnership intervention and the offer of in-home testing, or the treatment-as-usual control group referred to free testing located within walking distance. Participants in both arms will be assessed at baseline and monthly for 9 months.

The findings from this study will provide an evidence-base to inform current and future public health initiatives related to COVID-19 mitigation in other high-risk settings. Sustainability will be addressed by building local capacity and expertise among participants, CHWs and CAB members, and partnering with them to develop the community’s best practices for COVID-19. Should it prove to be effective, our intervention can be tailored to increase testing and other COVID-19 control measures in other settings of vulnerability and disadvantage.
DOI: 10.60773/8yg5-8e14
title: Reducing Ethical and Social Prejudicial Effects of COVID-19 Testing in Underserved Populations (RESPECT-UP)

description: null
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-5394
title: Hollywood Republican Assembly, 1951

description: 4 images. Hollywood Republican Assembly, June 7, 1951. Mrs. Marjorie Benedict; A. Ronald Button; George Murphy; William F. Knowland; Dennis Morgan.; More descriptive information with originals.
DOI: 10.60773/277p-e595
title: A Data Science Approach to Identify and Manage Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Kawasaki Disease in Pediatric Patients

description: The primary objective of this study is to design and validate a predictive decision support system for the identification, treatment and management of SARS-CoV-2 associated with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). To develop this system, we have adapted and retrained machine learning algorithms which we have previously trained in patients with Kawasaki Disease, a pediatric inflammatory vasculopathy with clinical overlap with MIS-C but different etiology. This study, performed in collaboration with the International Kawasaki Disease Registry (IKDR) consortium. This dataset contains the development and international validation data for all algorithms developed as part of this study.
DOI: 10.60773/v1h1-pp81
title: Identifying and Addressing Critical Social, Ethical, and Behavioral Factors Associated with COVID-19 Testing and Vaccination Among Spanish Speakers

description: Latinx communities are disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with Spanish-speaking Latinx communities carrying even heavier burdens of infection, hospitalization, and mortality. Major barriers to COVID-19 testing and vaccination exist, and a profound need remains to understand and address the social, ethical, and behavioral implications (SEBI) of COVID-19 testing and vaccination within Latinx communities. Our well-established community-academic partnership proposes a rigorous mixed-methods, community-based participatory research (CBPR) study better understand the SEBI of COVID-19 testing and vaccination and to refine and test a novel and culturally congruent intervention to increase COVID-19 testing and vaccination within Spanish-speaking Latinx communities.In Aim 1, we will conduct individual in-depth interviews with health providers and representatives from Latinx-serving community-based organizations and focus groups with Spanish-speaking Latinx community members to expand our understanding of the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy factors influencing COVID-19 testing and vaccination within Spanish-speaking Latinx communities. In Aim 2, we will integrate findings from other relevant COVID-19 studies and from Aim 1 to refine a Spanish-language intervention known as NuestraSaludSegura (Our Safe Health) designed to increase COVID-19 testing and vaccination among Spanish-speaking Latinx persons. NuestraSaludSegura harnesses the complementary strengths of peer navigation and mHealth. We will also test the intervention using a longitudinal group-randomized trial design assessing participants at: (1) baseline and (2) immediate post intervention. We anticipate that participants in the intervention group, relative to their counterparts in the delayed-intervention group, will demonstrate increased COVID-19 testing and vaccination. In Aim 3, we will develop and disseminate practice, research, intervention, and policy priorities and recommendations to increase COVID-19 testing and vaccination, reduce COVID-19 disparities, and promote health equity in Spanish-speaking Latinx communities by conducting an empowerment theory-based community forum. This CBPR study will advance prevention science and practice through increased understanding of the SEBI of COVID-19 testing and vaccination and testing an innovative intervention to promote and support COVID-19 testing and vaccination among a particularly underserved and vulnerable population – Spanish-speaking Latinx communities in the United States.
DOI: 10.60773/83zk-vv89
title: Motivational Enhancement to Augment Contingency Management for SARS-CoV-2 Testing and Vaccination Utilization Among Syringe Exchange Clients

description: People who inject drugs (PWIDs) are highly vulnerable to contracting SARS-CoV-2 and to the effects of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). PWIDs experience underlying medical conditions and unstable housing that put them at increased risk for COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.  PWIDs also experience barriers such as a history of stigmatization and discrimination by health care systems and exposure to misinformation that reduces access to health care services, such as SARS-CoV-2 testing and vaccination. The proposed project builds on our Phase I Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics project (#67; PI: Stormshak) that successfully embedded SARS-CoV-2 testing into syringe exchange programs (SEPs) across the state of Oregon, in collaboration with HIV Alliance (HIVA). The testing program’s success is linked to a contingency management (CM) intervention that increased the rates of testing utilization from 4% to 24% (d = 1.36), even as nationwide testing utilization was decreasing. The first aim of the proposed project is to test the sustained effectiveness of CM on testing outcomes, given the current context of increasing COVID-19 vaccine accessibility. Testing remains critical to prevent the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among PWIDs who continue to be at high exposure risk, and for whom vaccine hesitancy is high. We will also leverage our partnership with HIVA to establish a COVID-19 vaccine program at HIVA’s SEPs. The second aim is to conduct a randomized control trial (RCT) to examine whether a brief motivational enhancement (ME) intervention (i.e., Connect2Test) augments the effects of CM on SARS-CoV-2 testing and vaccination uptake. Our Phase I study demonstrates that CM improves SARS-CoV-2 testing utilization. CM is also known to increase immunization rates against other infectious diseases, such as Hepatitis B. Additionally, consistent with research showing that ME enhances the effects of CM on health behavior outcomes, we anticipate that Connect2Test will augment CM’s effects on testing and vaccination among PWIDs. Moreover, because ME elicits and strengthens motivation for long-term behavior change, whereas CM prompts immediate and short-term behavior change, we anticipate that CM + ME, versus CM alone, will have long-term effects on SARS-CoV-2 testing, evidenced by participation in repeated testing over time. The third aim of the proposed project is to assess CM and Connect2Test implementation, including a cost-effectiveness analysis of CM alone versus CM plus Connect2Test, to improve long-term sustainability of testing, vaccination, and intervention approaches to mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
DOI: 10.60773/td0b-xf65
title: Supporting the Health and Well-Being of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disability During the COVID-19 Pandemic

description: Coronavirus Infectious Diseases 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, particularly those from underserved populations.
Not only are they at dramatically higher risk of becoming infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and death from COVID-19, but children with IDD are vulnerable to the negative
impact of school closure. School districts provide critical services beyond the education, including nutritional,
social, therapy (physical, occupational, and speech-language) and healthcare services. Risks are heightened for
children with IDD, as they are often unable to wear masks, practice social distancing and/or implement effective
hand hygiene. Access to rapid and reliable SARS-CoV-2 testing is essential for children with IDD and school
staff in order to safely return to school. Members of our research team have developed an innovative, scalable,
low-cost method for SARS-CoV-2 testing using saliva samples. Investigators at the Washington University
Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center (IDDRC@WUSTL), in collaboration with the
University of Missouri-Kansas City Institute of Human Development and the Kennedy Krieger Institute in
Maryland (which includes an IDDRC, the Maryland Center for Developmental Disabilities, and the Kennedy
Krieger School Programs), are ideally positioned to determine the best implementation strategies to maximize
use of a saliva-based SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic test for vulnerable children and school staff in a school setting.
The IDDRC@WUSTL has a long-standing relationship with the Special School District (SSD) of St. Louis County,
whose mission is to serve children with IDD, and the national network of the Association of University Centers
on Disabilities (AUCD). First, we will determine the most effective messaging and implementation strategies to 
maximize weekly SARS-CoV-2 testing in a school setting. In this adaptive clinical trial, we will administer 52,000
diagnostic tests to students and school staff at SSD, whose student population is 48% Black. Second, we will
measure national attitudes among parents/guardians of children with IDD and school staff regarding the impact
of COVID-19 and the importance of SARS-CoV-2 testing. At the successful completion of this project, we will
have improved the acceptance, adoption, and process for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic testing in a school-based
setting to enable delivery of critical educational activities for children with IDD in an underserved community. By
identifying the most effective methods for SARS-CoV-2 testing in a vulnerable population of children with IDD,
we will establish a blueprint for wider adoption of COVID-19 mitigation efforts, such as vaccination
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-36937
title: Lost child (Valley), 1952

description: 4 images. Lost child (Valley), 15 May 1952. Nancy Smith, 3 years old; Harriet Shaffer (policewoman).
DOI: 10.60773/y2n3-k036
title: Marshallese: Alternate Surveillance for COVID-19 in a Unique Population

description: The Marshallese/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders: Alternate Surveillance for COVID-19 in a Unique Population (MASC UP) study will use innovative, culturally tailored participatory surveillance methods to identify and evaluate strategies to reduce the spread of COVID-19 in this high-risk, clustered population. First, we will recruit a cohort to deploy a multi-modal, multi-level surveillance system in 2 of the largest Marshallese/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders communities in the US: Northwest Arkansas (n = 300), Spokane County and Seattle area Washington (n = 300). Each cohort member will be followed longitudinally for at least 12 months. Modalities will include providing kits to detect changes in body temperature, public service outreach to reduce stigma associated with reporting symptoms and deploying social media and text message-based screening technology to augment conventional test-based surveillance. Second, we will construct a social contact network among participants from the surveillance cohort to identify community structures and networks that increase the risk of COVID-19 infection. We will use these findings to integrate effective components into a surveillance ecosystem that can be disseminated to other clustered groups. Our Specific Aims are to:1) Create a longitudinal, multi-modal and multi-level surveillance cohort (n = 600) that targets early detection of symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 cases among Marshallese/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders adults in the Continental US.2) Characterize the social contact network among surveillance cohort members to identify community structures and networks that put individuals at increased risk of acquiring COVID-19. 3) Identify effective modalities for participatory disease surveillance and sustainably integrate them into ongoing COVID-19 and other public health surveillance efforts for the Marshallese/Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders population. MASC UP will demonstrate the value of culturally tailored, participatory disease surveillance developed and tested in real-world settings to mitigate COVID-19 disparities in a high-risk, clustered population that has been profoundly underserved by public health efforts to date. Our findings can be rapidly adapted and disseminated for improved surveillance and disease prevention in other high-risk, non-institutionalized US minority groups.
DOI: 10.60773/sfgj-td47
title: Social, Behavioral, and Ethical Implications of COVID-19

description: The proposed research will examine ways of understanding and responding to sources of mistrust and misinformation about COVID-19. The research will also refine community-engaged research approaches to enhance the process of building and sustaining trust with communities. A central theme of the proposed research will be to develop processes and resources to assure individuals have the tools and information to make well-informed choices about how they respond to COVID-19. Our ultimate goal is to begin to address the long-term, deeply embedded issues of trust and injustice that have detrimentally impacted the health of communities of color.
DOI: 10.60773/cwrf-q204
title: Rapid Olfactory Tools for Telemedicine-Friendly COVID-19 Screening and Survey

description: The COVID-19 pandemic is the most devastating infectious disease outbreak in a century, particularly in underserved and minoritized communities. In 2020 alone, it will cost a million lives. It continues to wreak economic havoc worldwide. Therefore, it is critical to develop new tools that can mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV- 2, the virus that causes COVID-19. Rapid screening tools can identify potentially infected individuals who can then be isolated/quarantined from the uninfected and directed towards further testing and treatment. Unfortunately, definitive viral testing for SARS-CoV-2 has proven difficult to implement in many countries, including the US, due to technical, financial and governmental hurdles to universal access and timely processing. Symptom-based screening offers a valuable, albeit imperfect, complement to viral testing that can help identify many individuals with the disease for isolation as well as treatment. A major challenge with symptomatic testing is that COVID-19 is highly protean: the heterogeneity of symptoms means no single symptom or constellation of symptoms is definitive diagnostically. Still, there is growing evidence that sudden partial or complete olfactory loss – even more than other symptoms such as fever or dry cough – is the single best predictor of COVID-19. In this proposal, we will develop and implement objective, self-administered smell tests for the purpose of identifying individuals with COVID-19 prior to, or in the absence of, viral testing, as well as for use in population-level surveillance of COVID-19 spread. Several kinds of objective tests have been used in clinical or laboratory settings to assess an individual’s olfactory ability, including those that test the ability to identify or discriminate odors as well as procedures to determine the lowest concentration an individual can reliably perceive (i.e., odor detection threshold). Each approach has technical and logistical advantages and disadvantages, and each captures different aspects of olfactory dysfunction. Regarding COVID-19, it is unknown what type of measure has the highest specificity or sensitivity. In Aim 1, we will use self-administered objective testing of odor identification and odor detection threshold in SARS-CoV-2-tested individuals to determine which olfactory measure is the best predictor of COVID-19. In Aim 2, we will use objective smell testing to assess whether population monitoring of olfactory loss in university, municipal or other community settings can serve as a sentinel of COVID-19 community spread. Together, our studies will provide a rapid, remote-friendly, cost-effective, scalable, non-intrusive method to screen for COVID-19 at the individual level and to assess prevalence in communities, especially those that have been traditionally underserved by the health care system and public health infrastructure.
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-4626
title: Operation seaweed, 1951

description: 49 images. Julian Hartt negatives, August 1, 1951. Operation seaweed.; More descriptive information with originals.
DOI: 10.60773/cghr-4117
title: Test US Bank Study

description: This biorepository is being established to obtain, store, and share body fluid samples for SARS-CoV-2 research. Samples will be obtained at the study sites. The overall study duration will be open ended to allow ongoing enrollment and indefinite storage of samples. There is no limit to the number of volunteers who can consent to participate in the study, the time frame for enrollment of volunteers and endpoints of the study are open ended, and duration of participation is only limited by withdrawal of consent to store data or samples.Participants are asked to complete a survey through the Eureka digital study platform. The survey collectsdemographic information, delineates the types of samples they are willing to provide, and collects information about experience with COVID-19 (e.g., symptoms or exposures). Samples will be collected in a location equipped for safely obtaining specimens from potentially SARS-CoV-2-infected participants, e.g., ED or inpatient units, ambulatory clinics, or COVID-19 community screening events.
DOI: 10.60773/9d1x-h432
title: RADx-UP Supplement-Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake

description: The Georgia Center for Diabetes Translation Research Center (P30DK111024) proposes to collaborate with our RADx-UP Diabetes rural community partner and utilizing locally developed and tested Georgia CEAL (1OT2HL156812-01/16-312-0217571-66105L) COVID-19 communication materials to enhance COVID-19 testing in addition to vaccine confidence and uptake in underserved populations most severely affected by COVID-19 disease (i.e., African Americans and Latinos with diabetes, prediabetes, and their household contacts [“bubble”]). The proposed 1-year project will implement and evaluate a brief Community Health Worker (CHW) intervention through the Albany Area Primary Health Care, a rural Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC).  The primary goal of this study is to maximize effective outreach, education, and communication through CHWs in order to facilitate improved COVID-19 vaccine confidence and uptake in underserved and vulnerable communities. CHWs will be deployed to the homes of adults with increased risk of morbidity and mortality (i.e., African Americans or Latinos with uncontrolled diabetes or prediabetes, age <50 years, and non-COVID-19 vaccinated) in order to educate them about diabetes, COVID-19 and related vaccines.   Health assessments, including blood glucose measurement, will be conducted on the indexed patient and offered to all other adult family members in the household (i.e., “bubble”). Adults with Type 2 diabetes likely live in households with other adults who have or are at increased risk for diabetes (i.e., prediabetes and obesity). It is expected that they will also share similar COVID-19 exposure risk.  The specific aims are to: 1) Evaluate a community-driven education program to increase and enhance COVID-19 vaccine confidence and uptake in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes and their families (i.e., their “bubble”) and 2) Evaluate a community-driven education program to improve diabetes self-management behaviors and related outcomes (e.g., blood glucose) in individuals with uncontrolled diabetes in rural, Southwest Georgia.
DOI: 10.60773/dk7k-jh11
title: Maximizing Child Health and Learning Potential: Promoting A School Culture of Safety in the Era of COVID-19: Feasibility of Strategic COVID-19 Testing Protocols in At-Risk Urban Schools

description: We will explore the feasibility of strategic COVID-19 testing protocols in at-risk urban school settings with the goal increasing a sense of safety for parents and staff, and elucidating information that could assist the district in adopting a testing protocol which would increase time students and staff spend in school physically versus quarantined or in virtual learning environments. We hypothesize that the data collected via this study will support a testing protocol for students to return to school sooner than the current 10-day quarantine period required by the Miami-Dade school district. Using the information gathered from Study 1, two types of protocols are expected: 1) For students showing symptoms (isolation room protocol-see sample below); 2) For students exposed (either in the classroom or outside of school).
DOI: 10.25549/examiner-c44-3863
title: Harvard school festival, 1951

description: 4 images. Harvard school festival, April 27, 1951. Society; Don Sorensen; Muff Massie; Colley Butler; Meredith Noble; Andrew Westhem; Mary Ann Cassidy; Don Koll; Linda Burton; Fred Romoli.; More descriptive information with originals.