cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591078.v1
title: The effect of age and urbanization on canopy coverage of Juglans Nigra

description: The study was conducted at the York University woodlot on both October 19th and 26th 2015 between the hours of 2:30 and 5:30 pm (ET). The temperature was 11˚C, with slightly cloudy skies. The experiment consisted of sampling a total of 56 trees from the species Juglans nigra. Each replicate consisted of measuring the diameter at breast height, obtained by placing a transect horizontally on the tree trunk at breast height (1.2 meters off of the ground) and obtaining a measurement in meters. This determines if the tree is a sampling (&lt;0.10 meter diameter) or an adult. Next, one would make a square using their thumbs and forefingers and look through it at the leaves on the tree. This gives a discrete rank of the trees canopy coverage, with 0 meaning no coverage and 5 meaning full coverage. The final step consists of using a transect to measure the distance of the tree from urbanization in meters. This indicates if the tree is affected by urbanization (&lt;10 meters from the road) or not affected by it (&gt;10 meters from the road). The materials used consisted of two transects. Results seem to indicate that saplings and trees affected by urbanization have smaller canopy coverage, while trees that are adults and ones unaffected by urbanization have greater canopy coverage. This experiment was conducted in the fall and therefore there may be bias as the Juglans nigra is a deciduous tree and canopy coverage may be affected by seasonal loss of leaves.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591079.v1
title: Determining Plant abundance in Woodlot and Grasslands by impact of Sunlight and Soil Moisture

description: Data collection of lab occured in two days, October 13, 2015 and October 20, 2015 during the time peroid of 2:30 to 5:10 PM in the York University Danby Woodlot and Grasslands with the assistance of group members Khaula, Kathy, and Houra. The experiment was to measure the impact of sunlight and soil moisture on plant abundance in both the York University Danby Woodlot and Grasslands. During the data collection dates, temperature changed each day, from cold and windy to rainy weather, along with leaves covering the smaller plants, which would impact the plant abundance. To collect the data, we chose random numbers, which was used for the location of the quadrat in order to get random sampling for the replicates. The information that was collected was the plant abundance, which was counted in the quadrats perimeter; sunlight, measuring (scale of 0-3) amount of light covering the plants in the quadrat; and soil moisture, measuring (scale 0-2) amount of moisture found in the soil that plants were growing in, done by using popsicle sticks and paper towel. My partner Kathy and I took 40 random replicates in the Danby Woodlot on the first day of data collection and 40 more replicates on the second data collection day while our other two group members Khaula and Houra repeated the same process in the Grassland area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591084.v1
title: Effects of Sunlight Availability and Soil Moisture on the Abundance of Plants in Grasslands

description: In order to determine the most sustainable conditions for grasslands Savannah Wales, Sumerra Sidiqui, and I conducted an experiment in the York University grasslands. The factors studied were sunlight availability and soil moisture. After randomly placing the quadrats we first counted the number of individuals. Sunlight availability was determined by observing the shadow casted within the area and was recorded on a scale from 0- 4(0=complete shade, 1=25% sunlight availability, 2= 50% sunlight availablity, 3=75%, 4=100% sunlight availability). In order to determine the soil moisture we observed the colour and texture of the soil. Soil moisture was also recorded on a scale from 0-3 (0=completely dry, 1=slightly dry,2=slightly moist, and 3= moist). In order to increase the sample size we performed 120 replicates and recorded the number of plants, sunlight availability, and soil moisture for each replicate. Analysis of this data will allow us to determine the conditions required to sustain grasslands on campus, and help with the growth of new grasslands.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591071
title: OMTC experiments' results and clinical dataset

description: Files containing OMTC experiments' results and statistical datasets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591076
title: Soil moisture and plant abundance in a woodlot and grassland on York University campus

description: Data was collected on York University campus in the grassland adjacent to Stong Pond and in the Saywell Woodlot between 2:40pm and 5:30pm over two days: October 19, 2015 and October 26, 2015. On October 19, the temperature was approximately 15 degrees Celsius and it was partially cloudy. On October 26, the temperature was approximately 10 degrees Celsius and it was partially cloudy. 70 replicates in the grassland adjacent to Stong Pond and 70 replicates in the Saywell Woodlot were examined. To determine the placement of the first quadrat, a ball was thrown from the edge of the habitat by an experimenter with her eyes closed. The quadrat was placed where the ball landed. Subsequent quadrat placements were determined by an experimenter throwing the ball with her eyes closed from the location of the completed quadrat. In each quadrat, experimenters visually estimated the total percentage of the quadrat that was covered by vegetation, the percentage of the quadrat that was covered by grass, and the percentage of the quadrat that was covered by ground cover plants. Ground cover plants were defined as plants that did not have a stem or trunk with a diameter over 2cm. Experimenters obtained a soil sample from the centre of each quadrat. One handful of soil was taken in each quadrat. The sample consisted of soil from the surface to approximately 3cm deep. Soil moisture was estimated in each quadrat using the United States Department of Agriculture’s guide, “Estimating Soil Moisture by Feel and Appearance”[1]. Each soil sample was squeezed in a fist, bounced gently from hand-to-hand, and pinched between the thumb and forefinger. Based on these observations, the available soil moisture was estimated as 0-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, or 75-100% using the USDA guidelines. [1] [USDA] United States Department of Agriculture. 1998. Estimating Soil Moisture by Feel and Appearance. Program Aid Number 1619.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591066
title: Abundance of Invertebrates Present at Varying Locations at the York University Grassland Area

description: This experiment was conducted to study the number of invertebrates found in varying locations at the grassland area at York University. The data was collected through the use of pan traps on October 13, 2015 when the weather was 17C with scattered showers, and October 20, 2015 when the weather was C with cloudy skies from 2:30 pm-4:30 pm. These three locations included the tall grass, short grass and the small grass patch at the parking lot area near the grassland. At each location bowls of 3 different colours were placed 1 meter apart. There were 6 blue, 6 white and 6 yellow bowls used, for a total of 18 bowls at each location. The bowls were also placed in a blue, white and yellow colour scheme at each location to avoid any inaccuracies. The bowls were allowed to sit in at the location for 30 minutes, after the 30 minutes were complete the data from the bowls were collected. In each bowl the number of invertebrates found inside were recorded, along with the different recognizable taxonomic units. The invertebrates were classified by their shape, size and colour.<br>Group members: Maleeha Maleeha, Astor Lee, Laiba Khan.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591088.v2
title: Effect of amount of light and human disturbance on plant richness at York University

description: This experiment was performed on October 16 and October 26 2015, between 2.45 pm and 4.30 pm at the Stong Pond Grassland and Saywell Woodlot (43°46'14.2"N,79°30'22.7"W) at York University, ON. The weather was overcast on both days, with an average temperature of 15 °C. The experiment was performed to investigate whether human disturbance/activity and amount of light present would affect the plant richness in these areas. Method<br>A 10 m transect was run out in the grassland. The experimenters then walked along the transect and counted the number of plant species and the different type of plant species found within a 1 m buffer on both sides of the transect. The canopy coverage along the transect was recorded, by making a square with fingers and estimating what percentage of the sky could be seen when the formed square was held up. The amount of human disturbance was also noted, with 0 being no disturbance and 1 being light human disturbance (such as a path). This whole procedure was performed 59 more times (for a total of 60), with 30 replicates in the grassland and 30 replicates in the woodlot.The transects were run out randomly by walking in different directions in the grassland and the woodlot. The experimenters were Mohammad Imrit, Ron Kleiman, Fadumo Hersi and Gurjot Mukher.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591076.v1
title: Soil moisture and plant abundance in a woodlot and grassland on York University campus

description: Data was collected on York University campus in the grassland adjacent to Stong Pond and in the Saywell Woodlot between 2:40pm and 5:30pm over two days: October 19, 2015 and October 26, 2015. On October 19, the temperature was approximately 15 degrees Celsius and it was partially cloudy. On October 26, the temperature was approximately 10 degrees Celsius and it was partially cloudy. 70 replicates in the grassland adjacent to Stong Pond and 70 replicates in the Saywell Woodlot were examined. To determine the placement of the first quadrat, a ball was thrown from the edge of the habitat by an experimenter with her eyes closed. The quadrat was placed where the ball landed. Subsequent quadrat placements were determined by an experimenter throwing the ball with her eyes closed from the location of the completed quadrat. In each quadrat, experimenters visually estimated the total percentage of the quadrat that was covered by vegetation, the percentage of the quadrat that was covered by grass, and the percentage of the quadrat that was covered by ground cover plants. Ground cover plants were defined as plants that did not have a stem or trunk with a diameter over 2cm. Experimenters obtained a soil sample from the centre of each quadrat. One handful of soil was taken in each quadrat. The sample consisted of soil from the surface to approximately 3cm deep. Soil moisture was estimated in each quadrat using the United States Department of Agriculture’s guide, “Estimating Soil Moisture by Feel and Appearance”[1]. Each soil sample was squeezed in a fist, bounced gently from hand-to-hand, and pinched between the thumb and forefinger. Based on these observations, the available soil moisture was estimated as 0-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, or 75-100% using the USDA guidelines. [1] [USDA] United States Department of Agriculture. 1998. Estimating Soil Moisture by Feel and Appearance. Program Aid Number 1619.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591088.v4
title: Effect of amount of light and human disturbance on plant richness at York University

description: This experiment was performed on October 16 and October 26 2015, between 2.45 pm and 4.30 pm at the Stong Pond Grassland and Saywell Woodlot (43°46'14.2"N,79°30'22.7"W) at York University, ON. The weather was overcast on both days, with an average temperature of 15 °C. The experiment was performed to investigate whether human disturbance/activity and amount of light present would affect the plant richness in these areas. Method<br>A 10 m transect was run out in the grassland. The experimenters then walked along the transect and counted the number of plant species and the different type of plant species found within a 1 m buffer on both sides of the transect. The canopy coverage along the transect was recorded, by making a square with fingers and estimating what percentage of the sky could be seen when the formed square was held up. The amount of human disturbance was also noted, with 0 being no disturbance and 1 being light human disturbance (such as a path). This whole procedure was performed 59 more times (for a total of 60), with 30 replicates in the grassland and 30 replicates in the woodlot.The transects were run out randomly by walking in different directions in the grassland and the woodlot. The experimenters were Mohammad Imrit, Ron Kleiman, Fadumo Hersi and Gurjot Mukher.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591051
title: Anthropogenic Influences on Dandelions

description: Under the supervision of Teaching Assistant Bailey Hewitt, the data shown above was collected by Abera, Alex, Elaine, Frankie, and Sufyan.The purpose of this data is to study anthropogenic influences on dandelions. This data was gathered on October 19, and October 26, 2015 between the time of 2:30pm and 5:30pm each day at York University (near Keele st. and Steeles ave.). The weather on those days were partly cloudy and the temperature was around 12-14 degrees celcius. It was gathered using the quadrat techinique placing quadrats randomly in three different ranges of distances(3-15ft, 60-110ft, 110ft-200ft) from Steeles ave. The average number of dandelions per range are 5.92(3-15ft), 8.32(60-110ft), and 10.06(110-200ft). The quantities of garbage were also counted in these ranges. In the range of 110ft-200ft, an average of 11.35 dandelions were found per replicate without any garbage and an average of 6.38 dandelions were found in replicates with atleast 1 or more garbage in them. This suggests that anthropogenic influences affect the abundance of dandelions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591066.v1
title: Abundance of Invertebrates Present at Varying Locations at the York University Grassland Area

description: This experiment was conducted to study the number of invertebrates found in varying locations at the grassland area at York University. The data was collected through the use of pan traps on October 13, 2015 when the weather was 17C with scattered showers, and October 20, 2015 when the weather was C with cloudy skies from 2:30 pm-4:30 pm. These three locations included the tall grass, short grass and the small grass patch at the parking lot area near the grassland. At each location bowls of 3 different colours were placed 1 meter apart. There were 6 blue, 6 white and 6 yellow bowls used, for a total of 18 bowls at each location. The bowls were also placed in a blue, white and yellow colour scheme at each location to avoid any inaccuracies. The bowls were allowed to sit in at the location for 30 minutes, after the 30 minutes were complete the data from the bowls were collected. In each bowl the number of invertebrates found inside were recorded, along with the different recognizable taxonomic units. The invertebrates were classified by their shape, size and colour.<br>Group members: Maleeha Maleeha, Astor Lee, Laiba Khan.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591071.v2
title: OMTC experiments' results and clinical dataset

description: Files containing OMTC experiments' results and statistical datasets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591050
title: The effect of moisture and location on insect abundance

description: The purpose of this experiment was to see how the moisture levels in both a grassland and woodlot would effect the abundance of insects in those areas. The experiment was done by myself and my groupmates, Keerthana, Amena, Hinal, and Antoni. The location of the experiment was in the Danby Woodlot at York University. It was conducted over two days, October 19th 2015 and October 26th 2015 from 2:30pm-5:30pm. On the first day of data collection it was approximately 14 degrees celcius, partly cloudy, winds were 26km/h and humidity was 49%. On the second day it was approximately 9 degrees celsius, broken clouds, winds were 14km/h and humidity was 57%. It is important to note these weather conditions becasue they contribute to our moisture and location variables. To start the experiment a starting point was chosen in the grassland and a random number generator was used to determine the number of steps that would be taken before placing the quadrat. The moisture meter was then used to determine how moist the soil was in that quadrat. For five minutes the quadrat was observed and the number and names of each species seen in that quadrat were recorded. This was done a total of 60 times in the grassland. These steps were repeated again in the woodlot after designating another starting point and using the random number generator to determine the number of steps taken. Another 60 repetitions were done in the woodlot to give us a total of 120 repetitions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591088.v3
title: Effect of amount of light and human disturbance on plant richness at York University

description: This experiment was performed on October 16 and October 26 2015, between 2.45 pm and 4.30 pm at the Stong Pond Grassland and Saywell Woodlot (43°46'14.2"N,79°30'22.7"W) at York University, ON. The weather was overcast on both days, with an average temperature of 15 °C. The experiment was performed to investigate whether human disturbance/activity and amount of light present would affect the plant richness in these areas. Method<br>A 10 m transect was run out in the grassland. The experimenters then walked along the transect and counted the number of plant species and the different type of plant species found within a 1 m buffer on both sides of the transect. The canopy coverage along the transect was recorded, by making a square with fingers and estimating what percentage of the sky could be seen when the formed square was held up. The amount of human disturbance was also noted, with 0 being no disturbance and 1 being light human disturbance (such as a path). This whole procedure was performed 59 more times (for a total of 60), with 30 replicates in the grassland and 30 replicates in the woodlot.The transects were run out randomly by walking in different directions in the grassland and the woodlot. The experimenters were Mohammad Imrit, Ron Kleiman, Fadumo Hersi and Gurjot Mukher.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591049
title: Insect and Plant abundance in Grassland and Woodlot

description: This experiment tested insect abundance relative to the plant abundance and the location. The experiment was taken place over 2 days, October 13 and October 20, 2015, at York University campus. The time it was collected was around 2:45 to 5:00pm for both days. The experiment used quadrats which is one meter by one meter in length. During the first day, the data was collected from both the grassland and the woodlot. For each location 30 quadrats were used, so for the first day a total of 60 replicate quadrats were used to obtain data. The weather on the first day was partly cloudy, sunny at times, slightly windy, and the temperature was 17°C. The data collected on the second day was done in the same manner as it was done on the first day. However, the weather on the second day was different, it was lightly raining, cloudy and the temperature was 15°C. The data was collected by using a random number generator to determine a number and then that many steps were taken and the quadrat was placed on the ground. This was done to ensure that the data collected was in random areas and this method was repeated for all 120 replicates. The data that was collected in the quadrat for insect abundance was done by counting each of the individual number of living insects that was seen. The data that was collected for plant cover was estimated using a scale ranging from 0 to 4 which represented the percentage of plant cover in the quadrat. However, grass and plants that were dead were not included in the data. The locations that data was collected in were the woodlot and grasslands. The woodlot was found to have more trees, less small plants and more crowded areas. While the grasslands had many smaller plants, very few trees and more open areas. The data showed that the area with more plant abundance was the grassland and the area with more insect abundance in total for both days was the woodlot. The highest number of insects found overall was 30 and lowest was 0 both values were found in the woodlot. Group members include Katie, Katherine, Adamo, Ava and I.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591051.v1
title: Anthropogenic Influences on Dandelions

description: Under the supervision of Teaching Assistant Bailey Hewitt, the data shown above was collected by Abera, Alex, Elaine, Frankie, and Sufyan.The purpose of this data is to study anthropogenic influences on dandelions. This data was gathered on October 19, and October 26, 2015 between the time of 2:30pm and 5:30pm each day at York University (near Keele st. and Steeles ave.). The weather on those days were partly cloudy and the temperature was around 12-14 degrees celcius. It was gathered using the quadrat techinique placing quadrats randomly in three different ranges of distances(3-15ft, 60-110ft, 110ft-200ft) from Steeles ave. The average number of dandelions per range are 5.92(3-15ft), 8.32(60-110ft), and 10.06(110-200ft). The quantities of garbage were also counted in these ranges. In the range of 110ft-200ft, an average of 11.35 dandelions were found per replicate without any garbage and an average of 6.38 dandelions were found in replicates with atleast 1 or more garbage in them. This suggests that anthropogenic influences affect the abundance of dandelions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591071.v1
title: new fileset

description: Files containing OMTC experiments' results and statistical datasets.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1591045
title: The Affects of Competition for Resources and Sunlight Exposure on Plantago major (Common Plantain) Leaf Size At York University

description: The dataset was collected on two separate days, it was collected on Monday October 19th, 2015. and Monday October 26th, 2015. The sampling took place at Danby grassland at York University in Toronto, Ontario between 3:00- 5:00pm. The weather conditions of the location on both days was windy and sunny and the temperature ranged from 10-14 degrees celsius. The experiment was done in groups of 4 which included Aziza, Sahar, Paula and Shahana. The purpose of this experiment was to observe if competition and distribution of resources, among plants affects plant size by using different sampling techniques. This experiment consisted of recording average leaf size, crowding, number of Common Plantain plants, total number of leaves, number of leaves in sunlight and sunlight percentage. The plant was identified by its oval leaves and a quadrat was used to sample the distribution of Common Plantain plants. The quadrat was placed randomly on the grassland 70 times on the first day and another 70 times on the second day. A total of 140 replicates was collected on both days. For each plant, the size of the leaves was determined by measuring from where the stem attaches to the leaf of the plant to the tip of the leaf. This was measured in inches using a measuring tape and the leaf sizes were averaged for each plant being observed. Crowdedness of the plant was determined by observing the amount of other plant species surrounding the Common Plantain. A scale was used which was 0=no other plant species, 1=very little plant species, 2= quite a lot of other plant species and 3= lots of other plant species. Sunlight exposure which was a percentage was determined for each individual plant, by dividing the number of leaves exposed to sunlight by the total number of leaves. This was then multiplied by 100 to get a percentage. There was not a large abundance of Common Plantain plants at the location which is why for some of the replicates there was no data. Low temperatures could have played a role which limited the abundance of Common Plantain in the grassland.