DOI: 10.3886/icpsr38912
title: ANES Social Media Study Restricted-Use Facebook Supplemental Data, 2020-2022
title: Archival Version

description: The ANES 2020-2022 Social Media Study was a two-wave survey before and after the 2020 presidential election and a third survey following the 2022 midterm elections in the United States. Data from these surveys are available as a public use file from the American National Election Studies (ANES) website. The three questionnaires have largely the same content, affording repeated measures of the same constructs. The questionnaire covers voter turnout and candidate choice in the 2020 presidential primaries and general election, the coronavirus pandemic, the economy, feeling thermometers, feelings about how things are going in the country, trust in institutions, political knowledge and misinformation, political participation, political stereotyping, political diversity of social networks, and campaign/policy issues including health insurance, immigration, guns, and climate change.
description: The purpose of this study is to provide data about voting and public opinion in the 2020 and 2022 elections.
description: The ANES 2020-2022 Social Media Study is a three-wave panel survey conducted on the Internet. First two waves of the design mirror the ANES Time Series design, with pre-election and post-election questionnaires bracketing the 2020 presidential election. The third wave was conducted following the 2022 elections.
description: The following types of variables available in this study include: voter turnout and candidate choice in the 2020 presidential primaries and general election, the coronavirus pandemic, the economy, feeling thermometers, feelings about how things are going in the country, trust in institutions, political knowledge and misinformation, political participation, political stereotyping, political diversity of social networks, and campaign/policy issues including health insurance, immigration, guns, and climate change.
description: The variables <strong>WEIGHT_PRE</strong>, <strong>WEIGHT_POST</strong>, or <strong>W3WEIGHT</strong> were developed by NORC to account for selection probability, nonresponse (in categories of Facebook user status, 2 race categories, 3 age categories, 2 education categories, and 2 gender categories), and post-stratification factors (7-category age, 2-category gender, 9-category census division, 4-category education, 4-category race/ethnicity, and an 8-category interaction term of age and gender, age and race, and race and gender). Post-stratification was based on benchmark values for adult U.S. citizens from the American Community Survey. The post-election and wave 3 weights were trimmed by ANES to a maximum value of 5 to limit variance. In wave 3, 29 cases were trimmed, of which 19 had values between 5 and 7 and 10 had original values from 7 to 13.8. The pre-election weight should be used for analysis of the pre-election data alone. The post-election weight should be used for analysis of the pre- and post-election data together or of the post-election data alone.
We recommend that SPSS users not using the Complex Samples procedures use the weight variables <strong>WEIGHT_PRE_SPSS</strong>, <strong>WEIGHT_POST_SPSS</strong>, or <strong>W3WEIGHT_SPSS</strong>, which are normed to means of 0.66, 0.61, and .61 respectively. These variables will account for the smaller effective sample size due to sampling and weighting. When not using the Complex Samples procedures it is appropriate to use these adjusted weights because SPSS uses frequency weights that do not account for weight variance when computing sampling errors.
The variables <strong>WEIGHT_PRE_NR</strong> and <strong>WEIGHT_POST_NR</strong> account for selection probability and non-response but are not post-stratified or scaled to a mean of 1. They are included for methodological purposes such as re-weighting the data using different approaches to post-stratification.
description: Response Rates: 5,750 pre-election, of which 5,277 also completed post-election (wave 2) and 4,318 completed the 2022 survey (wave 3). 3.2 percent overall (pre-election; first wave)
description: Of 5,897 survey respondents in the public use file, 4,394 were self-reported Facebook users who were asked to consent to share Facebook information. Of these 4,394, ANES obtained consent from 2,739. Among these 2,739 respondents, 1,846 were successfully linked to Facebook accounts included in this restricted-use data release.
description: Datasets: 
DS0: Study-Level Files
DS1: Survey
DS2: Facebook Supplemental Data
description: Facebook and non-Facebook users who are U.S. citizens age 18 or older. Smallest Geographic Unit: United States
description: web-based surveyFor additional information on the ANES Social Media Study Restricted-Use Facebook Supplemental Data, 2020-2022 Study, please visit the American National Election Studies (ANES) website.