DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kp6j2
title: Data from: Diagnostic SNPs reveal widespread introgressive hybridization between introduced bighead and silver carp in the Mississippi River Basin

description: Hybridization among conspecifics in native and introduced habitats has
 important implications for biological invasions in new ecosystems. Bighead
 (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (H. molitrix) are genetically
 isolated and occur in sympatry within their native range. Following their
 introduction to North America, however, introgressant hybrids have been
 reported throughout their expanded range within the Mississippi River
 Basin (MRB). The extent of introgression, both spatially and
 generationally, is largely unknown. Therefore, we examined mixed-species
 populations from across the MRB to characterize the extent of
 interspecific gene flow. We assayed 2798 individuals from nine locations
 with a suite of species-diagnostic SNPs (57 nuclear and one
 mitochondrial). Forty-four per cent (n = 1244) of individuals displayed
 hybrid genotypes. Moreover, the composition of hybrid genotypes varied
 among locations and represented complex hybrid swarms with multiple
 generations of gene flow. Introgressive hybrids were identified from all
 locations, were bidirectional and followed a bimodal distribution
 consisting primarily of parental or parental-like genotypes and
 phenotypes. All described hybrid categories were present among individuals
 from 1999 to 2008, with parents and later-generation backcrosses
 representing the largest proportion of individuals among years. Our
 mitochondrial SNP (COII), tested on a subset of 730 individuals, revealed
 a silver carp maternal bias in 13 of 21 (62%) F1 hybrids, in all silver
 carp backcrosses, and maintained throughout many of the bighead carp
 backcrosses. The application of this suite of diagnostic markers and the
 spatial coverage permits a deeper examination of the complexity in hybrid
 swarms between two invasive, introduced species.
description: Asian carp nuclear and
 mitochodrial SNP genotypes MOEA unique code for each
 individual is given in the first column and each location sampled is
 represented by a four character acronym described in the manuscript. The
 top 2 rows are bighead carp and silver carp species-specific SNPs that
 correspond to each locus (row 3). Column two is the mitochondrial COII
 locus followed by 57 nuclear SNP loci.Bighead and Silver carp
 parents mtDNA (COII) sequencesEach entry is in fasta
 format and starts with a four character location code, a unique number
 identifier for each individual, and a four letter code representing
 bighead carp (BHCP) or silver carp (SVCP) as resolved at 57 nuclear SNP
 loci. These are trimmed sequences representing the parents used for SNP
 discovery.parentsfastacorrect.txtSNP genotypes plus field and lab data on each fishA unique code for each individual is given in the first column and each location sampled is represented by a four character acronym described in the manuscript. The top 2 rows are bighead carp and silver carp species-specific SNPs that correspond to each locus (row 3). Column ten is the mitochondrial COII locus followed by 57 nuclear SNP loci. Following each unique individual code, starting in column 2 and ending in column 9, is the river reach of capture, river of capture, 57 locus genetic identification based on manual and NewHybrids assignment, morphological field identification, total length (mm), total weight (g), age as determined by postcleithra annuli counts, and birth year determined by subtracting the age from the year of capture.Asian carp nuclear and mitochodrial SNP genotypes plus individual data for each fish.xlsx