cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128765
title: Supplementary Material for: Theoretical Impact of Replacing Whole Cow's Milk by Young-Child Formula on Nutrient Intakes of UK Young Children: Results of a Simulation Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Research into the role of young-child formulae (YCF) in a child's diet is limited and there is no consensual recommendation on its use. We evaluated the theoretical nutritional impact of replacing the existing practice of consuming cow's milk by YCF. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From the UK Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children, whole cow's milk consumers, aged 12-18 months (n = 591) were selected for simulation scenarios. In Scenario 1, we tested the replacement of all whole cow's milk (434 ± 187 ml/day) by a matching volume of YCF, and in Scenario 2, all whole cow's milk was replaced by the on-pack recommended daily intake of 300 ml. Nutrient intakes before and after simulation scenarios were compared and evaluated against nutrient recommendations. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Intakes of protein and saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased, whereas essential fatty acid intakes were increased. The prevalence of nutrient inadequacy before simulation was 95.2% for vitamin D and 53.8% for iron. After simulation, inadequacy decreased to 4.9% (Scenario 1) and 0% (Scenario 2) for vitamin D and to 2.7% (Scenario 1) and 1.1% (Scenario 2) for iron. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Replacement of habitual cow's milk intake by a matching volume or 300 ml of YCF may lead to nutritional intakes more in line with recommendations in young children.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128756
title: Supplementary Material for: Sirtuin1 Expression and Correlation with Histopathological Features in Retinoblastoma

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) is a member of highly conserved proteins and has been implicated as a tumor promoter as well as a tumor suppressor. One of the mechanisms involves deacetylation of retinoblastoma protein, thereby inhibiting the tumor suppressor function. No study has been reported on the expression of Sirt1 in retinoblastoma. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We assessed the expression of Sirt1 in sections of archived tissue blocks of enucleated and exenterated specimens of retinoblastoma patients by immunohistochemistry. The histopathological features were reviewed and correlated with the expression of Sirt1. The effect of Sirt1 expression on survival was also assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Retrospective data of 94 patients revealed that the median age at presentation was 36 months, with a male:female ratio of 1.9:1. Fifty-one percent of the patients had International Retinoblastoma Staging System (IRSS) stage 1 disease. Of the 94 sections, 89 (95%) expressed Sirt1. Forty-eight percent of the specimens showed grade 3 staining (&gt;75% of the cells), and the intensity was 3+ in 53%. No association between Sirt1 expression and any histopathological feature was noted. Further, Sirt1 expression did not affect the overall and progression-free survival. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Sirt1 was expressed in most of the retinoblastoma samples. However, the degree of Sirt1 expression was not associated with any high-risk histopathological feature or survival.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128759
title: Supplementary Material for: Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement in Clinical Dermatological Practice: Relevance and Feasibility of a Web-Based Portal

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are increasingly considered important. We developed a web-based application to electronically assess PROs in routine dermatological practice. We assessed (1) the relevance of PRO measurement according to health care providers and patients, (2) the feasibility of our application in routine practice according to health care providers, supporting staff and patients, and (3) barriers/facilitators for implementation according to health care providers and supporting staff. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Health care providers, supporting staff and patients completed study-specific questionnaires. Also, website statistics were analysed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 3/6 clinics participated, including 9 professionals and 80 patients. Both health care providers and patients rated PRO measurement as relevant. However, implementation was only moderately feasible. Time constraints and logistical problems were mentioned as barriers, and motivated patients and supportive staff as facilitators. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Electronic PRO assessment in routine practice is not self-evident. Adjustments in logistics are recommended to optimize implementation, using a plan-do-study-act approach.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128750
title: Supplementary Material for: IFNγ-Inducible Chemokines Decrease upon Selenomethionine Supplementation in Women with Euthyroid Autoimmune Thyroiditis: Comparison between Two Doses of Selenomethionine (80 or 160 μg) versus Placebo

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Several studies have suggested that selenium may influence the natural history of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Recently, IFNγ-inducible chemokines (CXCL-9, -10 and -11) were shown to be elevated in AIT patients. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two doses of selenomethionine (Semet; 80 or 160 µg/day) versus placebo in euthyroid women with AIT, in terms of reduction of anti-thyroid antibodies, CXCL-9, -10 and -11 and improvement of thyroid echogenicity, over 12 months. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> Sixty patients, aged 21-65 years, were equally randomized into 3 groups: placebo, 80 µg/day of Semet (80-Semet) or 160 µg/day of Semet (160-Semet). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels remained unaffected by Semet supplementation; anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels showed a significant reduction in the 160-Semet and the placebo group at 12 months. No significant change in thyroid echogenicity, thyroid volume and quality of life was observed within and between the groups. Subclinical hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 2 patients of the placebo group versus 1 patient in each Semet group. Serum CXCL-9 and -10 were significantly reduced in both Semet groups at 6 and 12 months, while they remained unchanged or increased in the placebo group. CXCL-11, TNFα and IFNγ showed a transient decrease at 6 months in both Semet groups but returned nearly to the basal levels at 12 months. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Semet supplementation had no positive effect on thyroid echogenicity or TPOAb in our patients. However, we observed a Semet-dependent downregulation of the IFNγ-inducible chemokines, especially CXCL-9 and -10, which may serve as helpful biomarkers in future selenium supplementation trials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128753
title: Supplementary Material for: NOD-2 and TLR-4 Signaling Reinforces the Efficacy of Dendritic Cells and Reduces the Dose of TB Drugs against <b><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i></b>

description: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading killer infectious diseases. TB patients are inflicted with devastating side effects and the toxicity of a lengthy drug regime, accentuating an urgent need to explore newer and safer treatment methods. Recently, an improved understanding of host-pathogen interaction has opened new avenues for TB treatment, including immunotherapy. This has emboldened us to devise a novel strategy to restrict <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i><i>(Mtb)</i> growth by activating dendritic cells (DCs) through the NOD-2 and TLR-4 molecules of innate immunity. Triggered DCs show a robust release of cytokines and nitric oxide, autophagy and improved migration towards the lymph nodes, and consequently impede the intracellular survival of <i>Mtb</i>. Of note, this approach enhanced the efficacy of TB drugs by reducing their dose to a 5-fold lesser concentration than recommended. In vivo administration of ligands of NOD-2 (NOD-2L) and TLR-4 (TLR-4L) substantially increased the pool of effector memory CD4 and CD8 T cells. Additionally, NOD-2L and TLR-4L, in conjunction with the reduced dose of isoniazid, substantially declined the <i>Mtb</i> burden in the lungs. In the future, adjunct therapy involving NOD-2L, TLR-4L and TB drugs may have enough potential to reduce the dose and duration of treatment of TB patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128765.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Theoretical Impact of Replacing Whole Cow's Milk by Young-Child Formula on Nutrient Intakes of UK Young Children: Results of a Simulation Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Research into the role of young-child formulae (YCF) in a child's diet is limited and there is no consensual recommendation on its use. We evaluated the theoretical nutritional impact of replacing the existing practice of consuming cow's milk by YCF. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From the UK Diet and Nutrition Survey of Infants and Young Children, whole cow's milk consumers, aged 12-18 months (n = 591) were selected for simulation scenarios. In Scenario 1, we tested the replacement of all whole cow's milk (434 ± 187 ml/day) by a matching volume of YCF, and in Scenario 2, all whole cow's milk was replaced by the on-pack recommended daily intake of 300 ml. Nutrient intakes before and after simulation scenarios were compared and evaluated against nutrient recommendations. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Intakes of protein and saturated fatty acids were significantly decreased, whereas essential fatty acid intakes were increased. The prevalence of nutrient inadequacy before simulation was 95.2% for vitamin D and 53.8% for iron. After simulation, inadequacy decreased to 4.9% (Scenario 1) and 0% (Scenario 2) for vitamin D and to 2.7% (Scenario 1) and 1.1% (Scenario 2) for iron. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Replacement of habitual cow's milk intake by a matching volume or 300 ml of YCF may lead to nutritional intakes more in line with recommendations in young children.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128747
title: Supplementary Material for: Are Anti-TNF-α Agents Safe for Treating Psoriasis in Hepatitis C Virus Patients with Advanced Liver Disease? Case Reports and Review of the Literature

description: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors represent an effective treatment for severe psoriasis in hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. The literature reports mainly on short-term treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis with minimum-to-moderate activity with an acceptable safety profile. We report the first 2 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising in HCV psoriatic patients with advanced liver disease during long-term treatment with etanercept. Our first patient, known to have had HCV infection for 41 years, developed an HCC after 21 months of therapy with etanercept (50 mg/week). The second patient, HCV+ for 20 years, was treated for 58 months with the same therapy, and despite no signs of liver function impairment was diagnosed with HCC. Both of them presented with cirrhosis, which was diagnosed 9 and 5 years earlier, respectively. It remains to be clarified whether there is any connection between psoriasis treatment with anti-TNF-α agents and the development of HCC in HCV-infected patients. Further long-term, follow-up studies and registries of HCV patients with mild/moderate activity may contribute to clarify this issue.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128750.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: IFNγ-Inducible Chemokines Decrease upon Selenomethionine Supplementation in Women with Euthyroid Autoimmune Thyroiditis: Comparison between Two Doses of Selenomethionine (80 or 160 μg) versus Placebo

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Several studies have suggested that selenium may influence the natural history of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Recently, IFNγ-inducible chemokines (CXCL-9, -10 and -11) were shown to be elevated in AIT patients. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This prospective, randomized, controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two doses of selenomethionine (Semet; 80 or 160 µg/day) versus placebo in euthyroid women with AIT, in terms of reduction of anti-thyroid antibodies, CXCL-9, -10 and -11 and improvement of thyroid echogenicity, over 12 months. <b><i>Patients and Methods:</i></b> Sixty patients, aged 21-65 years, were equally randomized into 3 groups: placebo, 80 µg/day of Semet (80-Semet) or 160 µg/day of Semet (160-Semet). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Anti-thyroperoxidase antibody (TPOAb) levels remained unaffected by Semet supplementation; anti-thyroglobulin antibody levels showed a significant reduction in the 160-Semet and the placebo group at 12 months. No significant change in thyroid echogenicity, thyroid volume and quality of life was observed within and between the groups. Subclinical hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 2 patients of the placebo group versus 1 patient in each Semet group. Serum CXCL-9 and -10 were significantly reduced in both Semet groups at 6 and 12 months, while they remained unchanged or increased in the placebo group. CXCL-11, TNFα and IFNγ showed a transient decrease at 6 months in both Semet groups but returned nearly to the basal levels at 12 months. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Semet supplementation had no positive effect on thyroid echogenicity or TPOAb in our patients. However, we observed a Semet-dependent downregulation of the IFNγ-inducible chemokines, especially CXCL-9 and -10, which may serve as helpful biomarkers in future selenium supplementation trials.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128753.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: NOD-2 and TLR-4 Signaling Reinforces the Efficacy of Dendritic Cells and Reduces the Dose of TB Drugs against <b><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i></b>

description: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading killer infectious diseases. TB patients are inflicted with devastating side effects and the toxicity of a lengthy drug regime, accentuating an urgent need to explore newer and safer treatment methods. Recently, an improved understanding of host-pathogen interaction has opened new avenues for TB treatment, including immunotherapy. This has emboldened us to devise a novel strategy to restrict <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i><i>(Mtb)</i> growth by activating dendritic cells (DCs) through the NOD-2 and TLR-4 molecules of innate immunity. Triggered DCs show a robust release of cytokines and nitric oxide, autophagy and improved migration towards the lymph nodes, and consequently impede the intracellular survival of <i>Mtb</i>. Of note, this approach enhanced the efficacy of TB drugs by reducing their dose to a 5-fold lesser concentration than recommended. In vivo administration of ligands of NOD-2 (NOD-2L) and TLR-4 (TLR-4L) substantially increased the pool of effector memory CD4 and CD8 T cells. Additionally, NOD-2L and TLR-4L, in conjunction with the reduced dose of isoniazid, substantially declined the <i>Mtb</i> burden in the lungs. In the future, adjunct therapy involving NOD-2L, TLR-4L and TB drugs may have enough potential to reduce the dose and duration of treatment of TB patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128759.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement in Clinical Dermatological Practice: Relevance and Feasibility of a Web-Based Portal

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are increasingly considered important. We developed a web-based application to electronically assess PROs in routine dermatological practice. We assessed (1) the relevance of PRO measurement according to health care providers and patients, (2) the feasibility of our application in routine practice according to health care providers, supporting staff and patients, and (3) barriers/facilitators for implementation according to health care providers and supporting staff. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Health care providers, supporting staff and patients completed study-specific questionnaires. Also, website statistics were analysed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 3/6 clinics participated, including 9 professionals and 80 patients. Both health care providers and patients rated PRO measurement as relevant. However, implementation was only moderately feasible. Time constraints and logistical problems were mentioned as barriers, and motivated patients and supportive staff as facilitators. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Electronic PRO assessment in routine practice is not self-evident. Adjustments in logistics are recommended to optimize implementation, using a plan-do-study-act approach.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128732
title: Supplementary Material for: L-Carnitine Ameliorates Cancer Cachexia in Mice Partly via the Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase-Associated PPAR-γ Signaling Pathway

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b>L-Carnitine has been demonstrated to ameliorate cachectic symptoms. In the present study, we sought to investigate the role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) signaling pathway in the ameliorative effects of L-carnitine on cancer cachexia in a colon-26 tumor-bearing mouse model. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The cachectic mice received L-carnitine (p.o.) or etomoxir (i.p.), or pioglitazone hydrochloride (p.o.) or GW9662 (i.p.). The physiological cachexia parameters, biochemical parameters, and serum cytokines were measured. The expression levels of representative molecules in the PPAR-γ signaling pathway were measured by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or Western blot analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Oral administration of L-carnitine at 9 mg/kg/day improved the cachexia parameters and biochemical parameters in cancer cachectic mice. The elevated serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were decreased by L-carnitine. These ameliorative effects of L-carnitine were lessened by the carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) inhibitor, etomoxir. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ were decreased in the livers of cancer cachectic mice and increased after L-carnitine administration, which attenuated the increased mRNA expression levels of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) and fatty acid synthase (FAS). Similar to pioglitazone, L-carnitine augmented the phosphorylation of PPAR-γ and attenuated the expression levels of phospho-p65 and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. Additionally, the above-mentioned effects of L-carnitine were reversed by GW9662. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b>L-Carnitine exerts its ameliorative effects in cancer cachexia in association with the PPAR-γ signaling pathway.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128735
title: Supplementary Material for: Clinical Implication of Serine Metabolism-Associated Enzymes in Colon Cancer

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> Recently, enzymes of the serine synthetic pathway (SSP) have been suggested as key player in the metabolic adaptation of oncogenesis. We assessed the expression of enzymes of the SSP in colonic tumor tissue (TT) and paired normal tissue (pNT) and the prognostic implications. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> From 2006 to 2010, we included 486 patients with colon cancer who underwent curative surgery at Kyungpook National University Hospital. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) 1, PDK2, pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), and phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT) expression were investigated by immunohistochemical staining (IHC) in TT and pNT. The IHC values were calculated by multiplying intensity by proportion. The final score was classified as follows: 0-2 as negative and 3-12 as positive. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During the median follow-up duration of 55.5 months (37.4-90.6), 78 patients experienced recurrence. The expression of PHGDH, PDK1, and PSAT was significantly higher in TT than pNT (p &lt; 0.001 for each). The univariate analysis for relapse-free survival revealed that TT PDK2 positivity was the only positive prognostic factor (p = 0.023). However, the expression of TT PDK2 did not represent a prognostic value in multivariate analysis. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In conclusion, PHGDH, PDK1, and PSAT were significantly increased in colonic TT compared with pNT. The prognostic implication of these enzymes needs to be further investigated.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128744
title: Supplementary Material for: Femoral Access and Delivery of Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Dose

description: <b><i>Aims:</i></b> The study aims to describe the use of dialysis catheters in critically ill patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and to study the impact of femoral versus non-femoral access on CRRT dose. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Statistical analysis and predictive modelling of data from the Randomized Evaluation of Normal vs. Augmented Level renal replacement therapy trial. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The femoral vein was the first access site in 937 (67%) of 1,399 patients. These patients had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores (p = 0.009) and lower pH (p &lt; 0.001) but similar mortality to patients with non-femoral access (44 vs. 45%; p = 0.63). Lower body weight was independently associated with femoral access placement (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98). Femoral access was associated with a 1.03% lower CRRT dose (p = 0.05), but a 4.20% higher dose was achieved with 13.5 Fr catheters (p = 0.03). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Femoral access was preferred in lighter and sicker patients. Catheter gauge had greater impact than catheter site in CRRT dose delivery. Video Journal Club “Cappuccino with Claudio Ronco” at http://www.karger.com/?doi=439581.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128738
title: Supplementary Material for: The Protective Effect of INH<sub>2</sub>BP, a Novel PARP Inhibitor 5-Iodo-6-Amino-1,2-Benzopyrone, Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis Through ERK and p38 MAPK in H9c2 Cells

description: INH<sub>2</sub>BP (5-iodo-6-amino-1,2-benzopyrone), a poly-ADP ribose polymerase inhibitor, has been shown to possess anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-inflammation properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of INH<sub>2</sub>BP against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. While the treatment of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts cells with hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) caused a loss of cell viability and an increase in the number of apoptotic cells, INH<sub>2</sub>BP significantly protected the cells against H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced cell death without any cytotoxicity. Our data also shows that INH<sub>2</sub>BP significantly scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and markedly enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes such as Mn-SOD (superoxide) and Cu/Zn-SOD, and heme oxygenase-1, which was accompanied by the concomitant activation of extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation in H9c2 cells. The effects of INH<sub>2</sub>BP on ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK phosphorylation were abrogated by PD98059, an ERK1/2 inhibitor, and SB203580, a p38 inhibitor. In addition, inhibition of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK by these inhibitors significantly attenuated INH<sub>2</sub>BP-mediated H9c2 viability as well as cleaved caspases-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 activation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that INH<sub>2</sub>BP prevents H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells by reducing the production of intracellular ROS, regulating apoptotic-related proteins, and the activation of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK.