DOI: 10.5061/dryad.51mg4125
title: Data from: Spatial structure of ecological opportunity drives adaptation in a bacterium

description: Abundant ecological opportunity is thought to drive adaptation and
 diversification. The presence of multiple opportunities leads to divergent
 selection, which can slow adaptation when niche-specific beneficial
 mutations have antagonistically pleiotropic effects. Alternately,
 competition for multiple opportunities can generate divergent selection
 leading to high rates of adaptive differentiation. Which outcome occurs
 may depend on the spatial structure of those ecological opportunities. In
 a mixture of resources, competition for multiple opportunities can drive
 divergent selection; however if each resource is available in a spatially
 distinct patch, competition for multiple opportunities simultaneously
 cannot occur. We report the effects of extent and spatial structure of
 ecological opportunity on the evolutionary dynamics of populations of
 Pseudomonas fluorescens over 1000 generations. We varied extent of
 ecological opportunity by varying the number of sugar resources (mannose,
 glucose, and xylose), and varied spatial structure by providing resources
 in either mixtures, or spatially distinct patches. We saw that a
 particularly novel resource (xylose) drove the rate of adaptation when in
 a mixture but had no effect on diversity. Instead we saw the evolution of
 a single adaptive strategy that differed with respect to phenotype and
 degree of specialization, depending on both the extent and spatial
 structure of ecological opportunity.
description: population
 fitnessRelative fitness
 measures over time of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 populations evolving
 in environments containing mannose, glucose, xylose, and all three sugars.
 Fitness measures are estimates from 24 hour competitions against the
 ancestor.genotype
 fitnessRelative fitness of
 genotypes isolated from evolving populations of Pseudomonas fluorescens
 SBW24 every 200 generations for 1000 generations, assayed in mannose,
 glucose and xylose. Fitness measures are estimated from 24 hour
 competitions against the ancestor.BIOLOG
 growthGrowth measures from
 BIOLOG assays of genotypes isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25
 populations evolved for 1000 generations in mannose, glucose, xylose, and
 the combination of all three sugars. Growth was measured as the difference
 between final and initial optical density (after 24 hours) in each well a
 BIOLOG GN2 plate. BIOLOG GN2 plates are comercially available 96-well
 plates containing different 95 different carbon sources plus a
 carbon-absent control well. A1 - H12 indicate well.ancestor
 fitnessPseudomonas fluorescens
 SBW25:lacZ+ fitness relative to Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25:lacZ-
 measured on each selection environment used in our evolution experiment.
 Fitness was estimated via 24 hour competitions.replicated population
 fitnessAdditional replicated
 population fitness data for select evolved Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25
 lines. These fitness measures are a replication of some of the data in
 "population fitness.xls".Nal mutant
 fitnessDifference between
 fitness of Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25 naladixic acid-resistant mutants
 and Pseudomonas fluorescens SBW25, measured in mannose, glucose, and
 xylose environments. Fitness differences were estimated from 24 hour
 competitions in three replicate assays.population
 densityPopulation density of
 Pseuodomonas fluorescens SBW25 populations evolving in environments
 containing mannose, glucose, xylose, and a combination of all three sugars
 over 1000 generations. Population density was measured by counting colony
 forming units after 24 hours of growth in the selection environment every
 30 - 100 generations.