DOI: 10.5061/dryad.98sf7m0vs
title: Data and code from: Quantitative analyses of stochastic influences on the response to phenotypic selection in a small passerine, the collared flycatcher

description: Stochastic influences arising from demographic and environmental
 stochasticity strongly affect eco-evolutionary dynamics. Demographic
 stochasticity causes reduction in the long-run population growth rates at
 small population sizes and generates genetic drift. The effects of
 stochastic environmental fluctuations on fitness are more difficult to
 assess because it may introduce stochasticity in the selection processes.
 Here, we examined stochastic variation in the response to selection on
 three breeding parameters in a collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis)
 population using density-dependent and frequency-dependent environmental
 covariances among individuals with different phenotypes. Environmental
 fluctuations induced considerable variation among individual fitness
 dependent on their phenotype and population size. These stochastic effects
 on fitness were strongest for individuals with large clutches or few
 fledglings, and in years with few conspecifics. Contrastingly, we found no
 evidence that the stochastic environmental effects on individual fitness
 varied with laying date. Furthermore, we found that phenotype-specific
 effects of environmental fluctuations were less correlated for fledgling
 number than for laying date and clutch size, resulting in less correlation
 in fitness between pairs with similar fledgling numbers. Our analyses
 showed that the stochastic component in the response to selection on
 clutch size and laying date caused by environmental stochasticity at the
 carrying capacity was of the same order as the component due to genetic
 drift. This means that stochasticity can affect phenotypic evolution even
 in large populations via stochastic selection generated by environmental
 fluctuations.
description: # Data and code from: Quantitative analyses of stochastic influences on
 the response to phenotypic selection in a small passerine, the collared
 flycatcher Data and code from: Quantitative analyses of stochastic
 influences on the response to phenotypic selection in a small passerine,
 the collared flycatcher ## Authors * Stefan J.G. Vriend, Netherlands
 Institute of Ecology,
 [s.vriend@nioo.knaw.nl](mailto:s.vriend@nioo.knaw.nl), ORCID:
 0000-0002-9006-5988 * Vidar Grøtan, Norwegian University of Science and
 Technology, [vidar.grotan@ntnu.no](mailto:vidar.grotan@ntnu.no), ORCID:
 0000-0003-1222-0724 * Steinar Engen, Norwegian University of Science and
 Technology, [steinar.engen@ntnu.no](mailto:steinar.engen@ntnu.no) * Lars
 Gustafsson, Uppsala University,
 [lars.gustafsson@ebc.uu.se](mailto:lars.gustafsson@ebc.uu.se), ORCID:
 0000-0001-6566-2863 * Bernt-Erik Sæther, Norwegian University of Science
 and Technology,
 [bernt-erik.sather@ntnu.no](mailto:bernt-erik.sather@ntnu.no), ORCID:
 0000-0002-0049-9767 ## Description Data originate from an isolated
 population of collared flycatchers (*Ficedula albicollis*) that breeds in
 nestboxes in the southern parts of Gotland, Sweden (57º 10’ N, 18º 20’ E),
 which has been monitored since 1980. The nestboxes were located in several
 study plots, which occurred in deciduous woodlands dominated by oak
 (*Quercus robur*), ash (*Fraxinus excelsior*) and an understory of hazel
 (*Corylus avellana*), except for one, which occurred in a pine-dominated
 forest (*Pinus sylvestris*). Data used in the analysis are from 1986 to
 2010, when nestbox monitoring was consistent. The general procedure of
 data collection involved frequent visits of all nestboxes during the
 breeding season to record laying date (date of the first egg, where 1 =
 April 1st), clutch size (maximum number of eggs), and fledgling number
 (number of nestlings 15-18 days after hatching, i.e., numbers alive
 pre-fledgling). When nests were not visited on the day the first egg was
 laid, laying date was calculated assuming one egg laid per day. Adults
 were caught during incubation or nestling provisioning. All individuals
 were marked with a uniquely numbered leg ring when first captured, which
 are anonymised in the data enclosed here. ## Associated data This dataset
 is an extended version of
 [https://doi.org/10.1086/711752](https://doi.org/10.1086/711752). ## File
 description **Gotland_CF_new.csv**: a comma-delimited file with collared
 flycatcher breeding data (1980-2016), in which each row corresponds to a
 unique brood (i.e., breeding female per year). Missing values are marked
 as NA. The dataset contains the following variables: | column |
 description | | :------------------- |
 :-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `id` | unique brood identifier (integer) | | `year` | year of breeding (integer) | | `area` | abbreviated name of study plot (character) | | `lay.date` | laying date of the first egg in April days (where the 1st of April is 1) (integer) | | `clutch.size` | number of eggs (integer) | | `fledge.new` | number of nestlings 15-18 days after hatching(integer) | | `recruit..new.2017.` | number of recruits of both sexes entering the breeding population in any future breeding season (integer) | | `ringf` | anonymised female id (character) | | `survf.Data.2014` | survival of breeding female to next breeding season (binary) | | `Male.recruit` | number of male recruits entering the breeding population in any future breeding season (integer) | | `Female.recruit` | number of male recruits entering the breeding population in any future breeding season (integer) | | `Young.Mean.Tarsus.` | mean tarsus length of nestlings 13 days after hatching (numeric) | **N_data.csv**: a comma-delimited file with yearly breeding females (1986-2010). The dataset contains the following variables: | column | description | | :----- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `Year` | year of breeding (integer) | | `N` | total number of breeding females per year. This number also includes broods that were experimentally manipulated (integer) | **figure_data.rda**: an R data file that contains the minimum R objects needed to reproduce the figures and tables (main text and supplements) of the publication. **code-supplement.rmd**: an R Markdown that contains the theoretical framework, and annotated code to run the models, analysis, and create figure and table outputs.