cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7w88z4
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 93 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Culicoides paraensis (Goeldi, 1905)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 93 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000559-250424135625364/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11000675
title: Dataset for the paper "Climate model bias indicates higher projected future  temperature extremes"

description: This repository holds data and scripts used to produce the paper entitled:


"Climate model bias indicates higher projected future  temperature extremes"


by Lei Duan, Lyssa M. Freese, Govindasamy Bala, and Ken Caldeira.


The paper is currently submitted for peer review.


Any questions regarding the data and paper could be sent to the corresponding author: Lei Duan (leiduan@carnegiescience.edu)
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11000674
title: Dataset for the paper "Historical model biases in monthly high temperature anomalies indicate under-projection of future temperature extremes"

description: This repository holds data and scripts related to the revision of the paper entitled: "Historical model biases in monthly high temperature anomalies indicate under-projection of future temperature extremes" by Lei Duan, Lyssa M. Freese, Govindasamy Bala, and Ken Caldeira. The paper is currently submitted for peer review. Any questions regarding the data and paper could be sent to the corresponding author: Lei Duan (leiduan@carnegiescience.edu).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15552358
title: Dataset for the paper "Historical model biases in monthly high temperature anomalies indicate under-projection of future temperature extremes"

description: This repository holds data and scripts related to the revision of the paper entitled: "Historical model biases in monthly high temperature anomalies indicate under-projection of future temperature extremes" by Lei Duan, Lyssa M. Freese, Govindasamy Bala, and Ken Caldeira. The paper is currently submitted for peer review. Any questions regarding the data and paper could be sent to the corresponding author: Lei Duan (leiduan@carnegiescience.edu).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.twbhsb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 23451 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Continent is Asia",
 "Country is China",
 "GadmGid is CHN.8.3_1",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 23451 records from 116 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0008438-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/jhk-hcx-d6d
title: †Cellaria neglecta Lagaaij, 1952

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/rcw-zyh-3c0
title: Spiroplectinella wrighti (Silvestri, 1903)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/4q1-jll-y09
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/z43-m4b-28y
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/j9m-dgg-hrc
title: Planorbulina d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ck9-qc5-g7b
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/p2e-gwh-v4c
title: Planorbulina d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2ml-66w-sc4
title: Neogastropoda Wenz, 1938

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8ex-ehf-bv5
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/nvy-d0f-yg2
title: Biloculinella globulus (Bornemann, 1855)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/73c-0s4-79x
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/84r-x2w-e5e
title: Biloculinella globulus (Bornemann, 1855)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/162-8c8-jh5
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7ta-qvh-ehk
title: Plantae

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gpp-vym-wb2
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/pcq-dls-3sc
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/4rd-mj1-fa1
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/nx5-1ln-034
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8k0-ylg-dw5
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/02c-v24-5yj
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hr9-7md-h6v
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/3mj-fzr-2ft
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/l00-1jr-neb
title: Nummulitidae Blainville, 1827

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/478-qzn-tvm
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/wwa-79l-s3h
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/t5y-z8e-q6x
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/z24-yy1-r64
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/eck-hf2-djl
title: Nummulitidae Blainville, 1827

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/q3w-tpj-9dj
title: Nummulitidae Blainville, 1827

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2n5-6j1-mae
title: Bathysiphon Sars, 1872

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/e4c-a2g-h76
title: Chromista

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/veh-tx8-ldr
title: Porosononion granosum (d'Orbigny, 1846)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ycs-cqg-j86
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/a9m-1cf-hv8
title: †Spiroplectammina spectabilis (Grzybowski, 1898)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bfg-4pn-9nz
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mq1-cc7-qcd
title: Amphistegina d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/4lt-j1b-akk
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ae9-qvd-csc
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/as6-v5n-n8m
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/y7h-5m6-n9k
title: Foraminifera d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0aw-c0n-ksr
title: Nummulitidae Blainville, 1827

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ffg-1x9-pda
title: Calcarina d'Orbigny, 1826

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qhr-476-jqr
title: Nummulitidae Blainville, 1827

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.933ccd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 10638 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 10638 records were derived from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011543-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gk62hv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 12 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "RecordedBy" : [
 "is feralpractice"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 12 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011575-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.eneb3j
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 455 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "RecordedBy" : [
 "is larissakh"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 455 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011576-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vtt23s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"equals","key":"GADM_LEVEL_2_GID","value":"CHN.28.13_1","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011577-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ax7xj6
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Rhodeus amarus",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1815",
 "Year is less than or equal to 1819"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011578-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.asnpu3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 20 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "RecordedBy" : [
 "is kyjaanka"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 20 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011579-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.v95zd9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 486453 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is China",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Plantae",
 "Year 1999-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 486453 records from 586 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011514-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.v7f3kq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 351742 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is MSB Mammal Collection (Arctos)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 351742 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011553-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nrepb8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 22 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "RecordedBy" : [
 "is mywaymarie"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 22 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011582-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rpxj5a
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 195 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "RecordedBy" : [
 "is carolinedesse"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 195 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011581-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zbpfky
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{"type":"and","predicates":[{"type":"equals","key":"GADM_LEVEL_2_GID","value":"CHN.28.14_1","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"CLASS_KEY","value":"212","matchCase":false},{"type":"greaterThanOrEquals","key":"YEAR","value":"2015","matchCase":false},{"type":"not","predicate":{"type":"in","key":"BASIS_OF_RECORD","values":["MATERIAL_CITATION","MATERIAL_SAMPLE","PRESERVED_SPECIMEN"],"matchCase":false}},{"type":"lessThanOrEquals","key":"COORDINATE_UNCERTAINTY_IN_METERS","value":"10000","matchCase":false},{"type":"equals","key":"LICENSE","value":"CC BY 4.0","matchCase":false}]}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011583-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18256174
title: Cologania Kunth. In: Marchesi E., Mailhos A. & Bonifacino J.M. (Eds.). Flora Uruguaya: Flora Vascular del Uruguay. ISSN 3121-2050, V. 1.0.

description: Citable snapshot. Includes PDF and CSV of collections. Date: January 13th, 2026 at 16:44
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18256173
title: Cologania Kunth. In: Marchesi E., Mailhos A. & Bonifacino J.M. (Eds.). Flora Uruguaya: Flora Vascular del Uruguay. ISSN 3121-2050, V. 1.0.

description: Citable snapshot. Includes PDF and CSV of collections. Date: January 13th, 2026 at 16:44
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5rz7gc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 27 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "RecordedBy" : [
 "is maddie_sun"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 27 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011586-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ufqahv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Rhodeus amarus",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Year is greater than or equal to 1820",
 "Year is less than or equal to 1824"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011587-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10784607
title: Data set for publication: A step size dependence of KAM, GROD and GND parameters calculated from EBSD

description: Pre-print: 10.2139/ssrn.4789333

Published article: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115952

This data set contains data for publication on methodology of EBSD with emphasis on the characterization of materials deformation states.

The set contains raw data - the EBSD maps of 4 deformations states of 316L stainelss steel after Low Cycle Fatigue testing at different aplitudes of total deformation.

The data are further processed using MATLAB 2022a and the MTex toobox v 5.7.0. There are 2 critical reason for using the MTex, rather than the official software of the Oxford Instruments comapany. First, the MTex includes the Half Quadratic Filter. Second, the calculation of the Geometrically Necessary Dislocations in MTex is based on the 'Pantleons method'.

The processing scripts are in separated .zip files.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10784608
title: Data set for publication: A step size dependence of KAM, GROD and GND parameters calculated from EBSD

description: Pre-print: 10.2139/ssrn.4789333

Published article: 10.1016/j.matchar.2025.115952

This data set contains data for publication on methodology of EBSD with emphasis on the characterization of materials deformation states.

The set contains raw data - the EBSD maps of 4 deformations states of 316L stainelss steel after Low Cycle Fatigue testing at different aplitudes of total deformation.

The data are further processed using MATLAB 2022a and the MTex toobox v 5.7.0. There are 2 critical reason for using the MTex, rather than the official software of the Oxford Instruments comapany. First, the MTex includes the Half Quadratic Filter. Second, the calculation of the Geometrically Necessary Dislocations in MTex is based on the 'Pantleons method'.

The processing scripts are in separated .zip files.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18256181
title: Cologania broussonetii (Balb.) DC. In: Marchesi E., Mailhos A. & Bonifacino J.M. (Eds.). Flora Uruguaya: Flora Vascular del Uruguay. ISSN 3121-2050, V. 1.0.

description: Citable snapshot. Includes PDF and CSV of collections. Date: January 13th, 2026 at 16:44
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18256182
title: Cologania broussonetii (Balb.) DC. In: Marchesi E., Mailhos A. & Bonifacino J.M. (Eds.). Flora Uruguaya: Flora Vascular del Uruguay. ISSN 3121-2050, V. 1.0.

description: Citable snapshot. Includes PDF and CSV of collections. Date: January 13th, 2026 at 16:44
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7s95uw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 134 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Human Observation, Material sample, Specimen, Occurrence evidence)",
 "Continent is Africa",
 "Country is Nigeria",
 "DatasetKey is one of (Mosquito Occurrence Dataset, Wisconsin Insect Research Collection)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "Issue is Geodetic datum assumed WGS84",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is one of (Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles coluzzii, Anopheles arabiensis)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 134 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011588-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.34934/dvn/jkqeux
title: The Tip Off

description: This dataset contains 26 episodes from the independent podcast "The Tip Off", which is produced and hosted by investigative journalist Maeve McClenaghan. The episodes were collected in 2025 and were selected through random and purposive sampling. They were analyzed via multimodal discourse analysis to examine how emotions were present in the discourses and sound design of the podcast.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18256186
title: Cologania heterophylla Gillies ex Hook. In: Marchesi E., Mailhos A. & Bonifacino J.M. (Eds.). Flora Uruguaya: Flora Vascular del Uruguay. ISSN 3121-2050, V. 1.0.

description: Citable snapshot. Includes PDF and CSV of collections. Date: January 13th, 2026 at 16:44
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18256187
title: Cologania heterophylla Gillies ex Hook. In: Marchesi E., Mailhos A. & Bonifacino J.M. (Eds.). Flora Uruguaya: Flora Vascular del Uruguay. ISSN 3121-2050, V. 1.0.

description: Citable snapshot. Includes PDF and CSV of collections. Date: January 13th, 2026 at 16:44
DOI: 10.15468/dl.a2z837
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 17 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "RecordedBy" : [
 "is eyebright_iris"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 17 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011590-260108223611665/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18221487
title: Data and code for: Spatial capture-recapture reveals resource use and declining skipper numbers in Baltic Sea salmon trolling fisheries

description: This folder contains files associated with portions of the data and analyses for the manuscript:

"Spatial Capture–Recapture Reveals Resource Use and Decreasing Numbers of Skippers in the Recreational Salmon Trolling Fishery in the Baltic Sea."by Konrad Karlsson

Not all data are included, because skipper identities should not be revealed. The included data have been anonymized.

WORKFLOW

The files "rsfDF.Rdata" (resource-selection data frame) and "trolling_scrFrame.Rdata" are loaded by the script "run trolling SCR models - for manuscript.R".

After the models are run, they are saved as "telemetry_trolling_models.Rdata" (already included).

To produce the manuscript tables, load "telemetry_trolling_models.Rdata" in the scripts "table2 AIC table.R" and "table3 model summary statistics.R". These generate Table 2 and Table 3, respectively.

FIGURES

The script "Fig3b cap prob area and Fig4 sex session b sigma.R" contains code to produce Figure 3b and Figure 4.Note: Residency is a binary individual covariate and is included as "sex" in the model formula.

SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS

The folder "Sensitivity of SCR–RSF results to telemetry sampling" includes the "scrFrame.Rdata" files used to estimate parameters under different telemetry resampling schemes. The resulting models are stored as ".Rdata" files.

These models are run with "run additional trolling SCR models with alternative telemetry resampling schemes.R".

Parameter estimates from these models are plotted in Figure 5 using "Fig5 plot estimates from SCR models with alternative telemetry resampling schemes.R".