cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nj183
title: Data from: Flirtation reduces males’ fecundity but not longevity

description: Theory predicts that due to limited resources males should strategically
 adjust their investment in reproduction and survival. Based on different
 conceptual framework, experimental designs and study species, many studies
 support while others contradict this general prediction. Using a moth
 Ephestia kuehniella whose adults do not feed and thus have fixed resources
 for their lifetime fitness, we investigated whether males adjusted their
 investment in various life activities under dynamic socio-sexual
 environment. We allowed focal males to perceive rivals or additional
 females without physical contact. We show that males do not adjust the
 number of sperm they transfer to mates in a given copulation at different
 immediate or both immediate and mean sperm competition levels.
 Contradictory to general predictions, our results demonstrate that cues
 from additional females increase males’ investment in courtship and reduce
 their lifetime number of copulations and sperm ejaculated, whereas cues
 from rivals have no effect on these parameters. Males have similar
 longevity in all treatments. We suggest that the sex pheromone produced by
 multiple females over-stimulate males, increasing males’ costly
 flirtations and reducing their lifetime copulation frequency and
 fecundity. This finding offers a novel explanation for the success of
 mating disruption strategy using sex pheromones in pest management.
description: Data for
 Esfandi_etal_2015_Flirtation reduces males fecundity but not
 longevityThis file contains all
 data for the paper accepted by Evolution.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h1v65
title: Data from: Limited plasticity in the phenotypic variance-covariance matrix for male advertisement calls in the black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus

description: Phenotypic integration and plasticity are central to our understanding of
 how complex phenotypic traits evolve. Evolutionary change in complex
 quantitative traits can be predicted using the multivariate breeders’
 equation, but such predictions are only accurate if the matrices involved
 are stable over evolutionary time. Recent study, however, suggests that
 these matrices are temporally plastic, spatially variable and themselves
 evolvable. The data available on phenotypic variance-covariance matrix (P)
 stability are sparse, and largely focused on morphological traits. Here,
 we compared P for the structure of the complex sexual advertisement call
 of six divergent allopatric populations of the Australian black field
 cricket, Teleogryllus commodus. We measured a subset of calls from
 wild-caught crickets from each of the populations and then a second subset
 after rearing crickets under common-garden conditions for three
 generations. In a second experiment, crickets from each population were
 reared in the laboratory on high- and low-nutrient diets and their calls
 recorded. In both experiments, we estimated P for call traits and used
 multiple methods to compare them statistically (Flury hierarchy, geometric
 subspace comparisons and random skewers). Despite considerable variation
 in means and variances of individual call traits, the structure of P was
 largely conserved among populations, across generations and between our
 rearing diets. Our finding that P remains largely stable, among
 populations and between environmental conditions, suggests that selection
 has preserved the structure of call traits in order that they can function
 as an integrated unit.
description: Call_P_matrix_dataArchive contains data in 3 .csv files and ReadMe.txt, which describes the data files. Data comprises measurements of advertisement call parameters from male Teleogryllus commodus.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9mh20
title: Data from: Experimental evolution of bet hedging in rotifer diapause traits as a response to environmental unpredictability

description: The adaptive response of organisms to unpredictable environments is
 increasingly recognized as a central topic in fundamental and applied
 evolutionary ecology. Selection due to environmental unpredictability can
 act on multiple traits of an organism’s life cycle to reduce the impact of
 high environmental variance. The aim of this research was to study how
 unpredictability selects for diapause traits: (1) the timing of sex (a
 proxy of the timing of diapausing egg production), and (2) the diapausing
 egg hatching fraction (a proxy of diapause duration). We used an
 experimental evolution approach with the facultative sexual rotifer
 Brachionus plicatilis. Laboratory populations experiencing two contrasting
 regimes of environmental fluctuation (predictable vs. unpredictable)
 evolved divergently over a short time span (&lt; 77 days). The
 populations under the unpredictable regime showed an earlier initiation of
 sexual reproduction and a lower hatching fraction of diapausing eggs than
 populations under the predictable regime. These findings demonstrate
 empirically the existence of bet-hedging strategies in B. plicatilis
 regarding both traits, consistent with theoretical predictions of
 bet-hedging evolution under conditions of unpredictable environmental
 variance. Given that scenarios of increased environmental variability are
 expected to occur in the near future, a comprehensive understanding of the
 role of bet-hedging strategies is necessary for predicting population
 responses to environmental change.
description: DATA_OIK_04186Data sets and R scripts for timing of sex and diapausing egg hatching fraction
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.903kr
title: Data from: Effects of reduced-impact selective logging on palm regeneration in Belize

description: To assess the impacts of a low-intensity selective timber harvest on a
 palm community in Belize, we mapped logging infrastructure (i.e., roads,
 log landings, skid trails, and stumps) and measured palm regeneration 1
 year after a timber harvest carried out using reduced-impact logging (RIL)
 practices. We sampled palms across a gradient of increasing harvest impact
 severity from areas not directly affected by logging, in felling gaps, on
 secondary and primary skid trails, and on log landings. We used
 generalised linear mixed-effect models fitted in a Bayesian framework and
 applied a non-metric multi-dimensional scaling of the ecological distances
 between sites to evaluate differences in palm seedling regeneration
 density and species composition, respectively. The harvest of an average
 of 2.5 trees ha−1 caused 0.4% of the forest to be converted to log
 landings, 0.7% and 3.6% to roads and skid trails, and 2.3% to felling
 gaps, which left 93.0% of the 350 ha harvest block with no direct impacts
 of logging. The difference in abundance and species composition of palm
 regeneration in unlogged areas compared to felling gaps and skid trails
 was small, but log landings had markedly lower densities. These results
 highlight that the impacts of selective logging are minor at least where
 harvest intensities are low and RIL practices are employed. If further
 reductions in canopy opening and soil disturbance are desired, we
 recommend that logs be cable-yarded (i.e., winched) the final 20 m to skid
 trails instead of driving to the tree stumps. We estimate that
 implementation of this practice would reduce total skid trail coverage
 from 3.6% to 2.9% and overall forest disturbance from 7.0% to 6.3%.
 However, further reductions in disturbance might be inimical to the
 maintenance of palms and will certainly not favour regeneration of
 light-demanding commercial timber species (e.g., Swietenia macrophylla).
description: FEM_PALM_DATAFEM_PALM_DATA: (1) The abundances (count data) for each palm species across disturbance categories and replicates (2 x 20 m plots). Also included are the abundances of non-palm woody stems for 1 m radius plots; and spherical densiometer readings at every 5 m interval along the central plot axis. (2) SPATIAL DATA: The spatial locations of plots in UTM coordinates (3) READ ME: Description of data contained in the spatial data and palm abundance data tables.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6246r
title: Data from: Eco-evolutionary feedbacks during experimental range expansions

description: Understanding biological range expansions and invasions is of great
 ecological and economical interest. Importantly, spatial dynamics can be
 deeply affected by rapid evolution depending on the ecological context.
 Using experimental evolution in replicated microcosm landscapes and
 numerical analyses we show experimentally that the ecological process of
 range expansions leads to the evolution of increased dispersal. This
 evolutionary change counter-intuitively feeds back on (macro-)ecological
 patterns affecting the spatial distribution of population densities. While
 existing theory suggests that densities decrease from range cores to range
 margins due to K-selection, we show the reverse to be true when
 competition is considered explicitly including resource dynamics. We
 suggest that a dispersal-foraging trade-off, leading to more ‘prudent’
 foraging at range margins, is the driving mechanism behind the
 macroecological pattern reported. In conclusion, rapid multi-trait
 evolution and eco-evolutionary feedbacks are highly relevant for
 understanding macroecological patterns and designing appropriate
 conservation strategies.
description: All
 dataThe data folder contains
 four files. The file
 "fronhofer_experimental_evolution_main_data.txt" contains the
 time series data of population densities, movement patterns and morphology
 for range core and range margin populations. The file
 "fronhofer_experimental_evolution_dispersal_rates_font.txt"
 contains the data used in Fig. 1b, i.e. the dispersal rates of populations
 from the range margin at the beginning and at the end of the experiment.
 The file "fronhofer_common_garden_movement_data.txt" contains
 the data shown in Fig. 1c, i.e. the movement data of margin and core
 populations after the 2-day common garden period. The file
 "fronhofer_common_garden_growth_data.txt" contains the data
 depicted in Fig. 2, i.e. the growth data of margin and core populations
 (additionally also the data from "residents only"; see
 Supplementary Information) recorded after 2 days of common
 garden.fronhofer_altermatt_data.zipCodecode.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vk362
title: Data from: Independent sources of condition dependency and multiple pathways determine a composite trait: lessons from carotenoid-based plumage colouration

description: Many color ornaments are composite traits consisting of at least four
 components, which themselves may be more complex, determined by
 independent evolutionary pathways, and potentially being under different
 environmental control. To date, little evidence exists that several
 different components of color elaboration are condition-dependent and no
 direct evidence exists that different ornamental components are affected
 by different sources of variation. For example, in carotenoid-based
 plumage coloration, one of the best-known condition-dependent ornaments,
 color elaboration stems from both condition-dependent pigment
 concentration and structural components. Some environmental flexibility of
 these components has been suggested, but specifically which and how they
 are affected remains unknown. Here we tested whether multiple color
 components may be condition-dependent, by using a comprehensive 3 x 2
 experimental design, in which we carotenoid supplemented and immune
 challenged great tit nestlings (Parus major) and quantified effects on
 different components of coloration. Plumage coloration was affected by an
 interaction between carotenoid availability and immune challenge. Path
 analyses showed that carotenoid supplementation increased plumage
 saturation via feather carotenoid concentration and via mechanisms
 unrelated to carotenoid-deposition, while immune challenge affected
 feather length, but not carotenoid concentration. Thus, independent
 condition-dependent pathways, affected by different sources of variation,
 determine color elaboration. This provides opportunities for the evolution
 of multiple signals within components of ornamental traits. This finding
 indicates that the selective forces shaping the evolution of different
 components of a composite trait and the trait’s signal content may be more
 complex than believed so far, and that holistic approaches are required
 for drawing comprehensive evolutionary conclusions.
description: Romero-Díaz et al_data_
 2013Data on experimental
 treatment and variables measured on Parus major nestlings used to perform
 mixed model ANOVAs and path analyses.Exp_data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f1338
title: Data from: Host nutrition alters the variance in parasite transmission potential

description: The environmental conditions experienced by hosts are known to affect
 their mean parasite transmission potential. How different conditions may
 affect the variance of transmission potential has received less attention
 but is an important question for disease management, especially if
 specific ecological contexts are more likely to foster a few extremely
 infectious hosts. Using the obligate-killing bacterium Pasteuria ramosa
 and its crustacean host Daphnia magna, we analysed how host nutrition
 affected the variance of individual parasite loads, and therefore
 transmission potential. Under low food, individual parasite loads showed
 similar mean and variance, following a Poisson distribution. In contrast,
 among well-nourished hosts, parasite loads were right-skewed and over
 dispersed, following a negative binomial distribution. Abundant food may
 therefore yield individuals causing potentially more transmission than the
 population average. Measuring both the mean and variance of individual
 parasite loads in controlled experimental infections may offer a useful
 way of revealing risk factors for potential highly infectious hosts.
description: Raw
 dataData includes both
 infected and non-infected hosts. Note that, except for the analysis of
 susceptibility, only infected individuals were included in the analyses.
 These data are a subset of a larger dataset published previously in Vale
 PF, Wilson AJ, Best A, Boots M, Little TJ. (2011) Epidemiological,
 evolutionary, and coevolutionary implications of context-dependent
 parasitism. The American Naturalist 177:510-521.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4kn32
title: Data from: Queen-worker ratio affects reproductive skew in a socially polymorphic ant

description: The partitioning of reproduction among individuals in communally breeding
 animals varies greatly among species, from the monopolization of
 reproduction (high reproductive skew) to similar contribution to the
 offspring in others (low skew). Reproductive skew models explain how
 relatedness or ecological constraints affect the magnitude of reproductive
 skew. They typically assume that individuals are capable of flexibly
 reacting to social and environmental changes. Most models predict a
 decrease of skew when benefits of staying in the group are reduced. In the
 ant Leptothorax acervorum, queens in colonies from marginal habitats form
 dominance hierarchies and only the top-ranking queen lays eggs
 (“functional monogyny”). In contrast, queens in colonies from extended
 coniferous forests throughout the Palaearctic rarely interact aggressively
 and all lay eggs (“polygyny”). An experimental increase of queen:worker
 ratios in colonies from low-skew populations elicits queen–queen
 aggression similar to that in functionally monogynous populations. Here,
 we show that this manipulation also results in increased reproductive
 inequalities among queens. Queens from natural overwintering colonies
 differed in the number of developing oocytes in their ovaries. These
 differences were greatly augmented in queens from colonies with increased
 queen:worker ratios relative to colonies with a low queen:worker ratio. As
 assumed by models of reproductive skew, L. acervorum colonies thus appear
 to be capable of flexibly adjusting reproductive skew to social
 conditions, yet in the opposite way than predicted by most models.
description: Walter_&_Heinze_Queen_worker_ratio_affects_reproductive_skewQueen and worker number, reproductive skew (B-indices) in colonies of the socially polymorphic ant Leptothorax acervorum from overwintering colonies, low queen:worker ratio colonies and high queen:worker colonies. Ovary dissections of queens of the socially polymorphic ant Leptothorax acervorum from overwintering colonies, low queen:worker ratio colonies and high queen:worker colonies.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0k402
title: Data from: Predicting mosquito infection from Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte density and estimating the reservoir of infection

description: Transmission reduction is a key component of global efforts to control and
 eliminate malaria; yet, it is unclear how the density of transmission
 stages (gametocytes) influences infection (proportion of mosquitoes
 infected). Human to mosquito transmission was assessed using 171 direct
 mosquito feeding assays conducted in Burkina Faso and Kenya. Plasmodium
 falciparum infects Anopheles gambiae efficiently at low densities (4%
 mosquitoes at 1/μl blood), although substantially more (&gt;200/μl)
 are required to increase infection further. In a site in Burkina Faso,
 children harbour more gametocytes than adults though the non-linear
 relationship between gametocyte density and mosquito infection means that
 (per person) they only contribute slightly more to transmission. This
 method can be used to determine the reservoir of infection in different
 endemic settings. Interventions reducing gametocyte density need to be
 highly effective in order to halt human–mosquito transmission, although
 their use can be optimised by targeting those contributing the most to
 transmission.
description: Characteristics of
 membrane feeding assay blood donors and mosquito
 infectionsModel takes raw QT-NASBA
 data from Schneider et al. 2007 (doi:10.5061/dryad.589ft) and Ouédraogo et
 al. 2009 (doi:10.5061/dryad.hv01f) and fits a mathematical model to
 estimate the gametocyte density (gam.median) and 95% Bayesian Credible
 Intervals (gam.lower, gam.upper). These are combined with blood donor and
 mosquito characteristics from the membrane feeding assays. Column “Host”
 denotes host id, “Experiment” gives country (0=Burkina, 1=Kenya), age
 (0=&lt;7 or 1=&gt;=7 years old) and “asexual.cat” is the asexual parasite
 density category as measured by microscopy (0=none,1=low,2=high). The
 point estimate for prevalence of oocysts is given from the model outputs
 “prev.median” together with 95% Bayesian Credible Intervals (prev.lower,
 prev.upper). Full details are given in the manuscript.data_eLife.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rh4v0
title: Data from: An a posteriori species clustering for quantifying the effects of species interactions on ecosystem functioning

description: 1. Quantifying the effects of species interactions is key to understanding
 the relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning but
 remains elusive due to combinatorics issues. Functional groups have been
 commonly used to capture the diversity of forms and functions and thus
 simplify the reality. However, the explicit incorporation of species
 interactions is still lacking in functional group-based approaches. Here
 we propose a new approach based on an a posteriori clustering of species
 to quantify the effects of species interactions on ecosystem functioning.
 2. We first decompose the observed ecosystem function using null models,
 in which species diversity does not affect ecosystem function, to separate
 the effects of species interactions and species composition. This allows
 the identification of a posteriori functional groups that have contrasting
 diversity effects on ecosystem functioning. We then develop a formal
 combinatorial model of species interactions in which an ecosystem is
 described as a combination of co-occurring functional groups, which we
 call an assembly motif. Each assembly motif corresponds to a particular
 biotic environment. We demonstrate the relevance of our approach using
 datasets from a microbial experiment and the long-term Cedar Creek
 Biodiversity II experiment. 3. We show that our a posteriori approach is
 more accurate, more efficient and more parsimonious than a priori
 approaches. The discrepancy between a priori and a posteriori approaches
 results from the way each clustering is set up: a priori approaches are
 based on ecosystem or species properties, such as ecosystem size (number
 of species or functional groups) or species’ functional traits, whereas
 our a posteriori approach is based only on the observed interaction and
 composition effects on ecosystem functioning. 4. Our findings demonstrate
 that an a posteriori approach is highly explanatory: it identifies who
 interacts with whom, and quantifies the effects of species interactions on
 ecosystem functioning. They also highlight that a combinatorial modelling
 of ecosystem functioning can predict the functioning of an ecosystem
 without any hypothesis about the biotic or environmental determinants or
 any information on species functional traits. It only requires the species
 composition of the ecosystem and the observed functioning of others that
 share the same assembly motif.
description: R-code and
 datasetsThe datasets were
 obtained by Tilman et al. (2001: Tilman, D., Knops, J., Wedin, D., Reich,
 P., Ritchie, M. & Siemann, E. Diversity and productivity in a
 long-term grassland experiment. Science, 294, 843-846) and Langenheder et
 al. (2010: Langenheder, S., Bulling, M. T., Solan, M. & Prosser, J. I.
 Bacterial Biodiversity-Ecosystem functioning Relations Are Modified by
 Environmental Complexity. PLoS ONE, 5, e10834.
 doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010834). The R-files were written by Camille
 Richon and Benoît Jaillard.Jaillard_et_al_2017.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t06q9
title: Data from: General models for the spectra of surface area scaling strategies of cells and organisms: fractality, geometric dissimilitude, and internalization

description: Surface areas and volumes of biological systems—from molecules to
 organelles, cells, and organisms—affect their biological rates and
 kinetics. Therefore, surface-area-to-volume ratios and the scaling of
 surface area with volume profoundly influences ecology, physiology, and
 evolution. The zeroth-order geometric expectation is that surface area
 scales with body mass or volume as a power law with an exponent of
 two-thirds, with consequences for surface-area-to-volume (SA:V) ratios and
 constraints on size; however, organisms have adaptations for altering the
 surface area scaling and SA:V ratios of their bodies and structures. The
 strategies fall into three groups: (i) fractal-like surface convolutions
 and crinkles; (ii) classic geometric dissimilitude through elongating,
 flattening, fattening, and hollowing; and (iii) internalization of
 surfaces. Here I develop general quantitative theory to model the spectra
 of effects of these strategies on SA:V ratios and surface area scaling,
 from exponents of less than two-thirds to superlinear scaling and
 mixed-power laws. Applying the theory to cells helps quantitatively
 evaluate the effects of membrane fractality, shape-shifting, vacuoles,
 vesicles, and mitochondria on surface area scaling, informing
 understanding of cell allometry, morphology, and evolution. Analysis of
 compiled data indicates that through hollowness and surface
 internalization eukaryotic phytoplankton increase their effective surface
 area scaling, attaining near-linear scaling in larger cells. This unifying
 theory highlights the fundamental role of biological surfaces in
 metabolism and morphological evolution.
description: Scaling of total
 vacuolar volume with non-vacuolar cell volume in eukaryotic
 phytoplanktonData include vacuolar
 and cell volumes for 21 species of phytoplankton.Dataset.xlsx