DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wdbrv15vm
title: Despite plasticity, heatwaves are costly for a coral reef fish

description: Climate change is intensifying extreme weather events, including marine
 heatwaves, which are prolonged periods of anomalously high sea surface
 temperature that pose a novel threat to aquatic animals. Tropical animals
 may be especially vulnerable to marine heatwaves because they are adapted
 to a narrow temperature range. If these animals cannot acclimate to marine
 heat waves, the extreme heat could impair their behavior and fitness.
 Here, we investigated how marine heatwave conditions affected the
 performance and thermal tolerance of a tropical predatory fish, arceye
 hawkfish (Paracirrhites arcatus), across two seasons in Mo'orea,
 French Polynesia. We found that the fish’s daily activities, including
 recovery from burst swimming and digestion, were more energetically costly
 in fish exposed to marine heatwave conditions across both seasons, while
 their aerobic capacity remained the same. Given their constrained energy
 budget, these rising costs associated with warming may impact how hawkfish
 prioritize activities. Additionally, hawkfish that were exposed to hotter
 temperatures exhibited cardiac plasticity by increasing their maximum
 heart rate but were still operating within a few degrees of their thermal
 limits. With more frequent and intense heatwaves, hawkfish, and other
 tropical fishes must rapidly acclimate, or they may suffer physiological
 consequences that alter their role in the ecosystem.
description: Hawkfish (<em>Paracirrhites arcatus</em>) were
 collected in Mo'orea, French Polynesia during the Austral winter
 (2019) and Austral summer (2022). They were acclimated to one of five
 treatments (27, 28, 29, 31, or 33°C) for one week and tested for metabolic
 performance metrics, including maximum metabolic rate (MMR), standard
 metabolic rate (SMR), and costs of digestion (specific dynamic action,
 SDA) using custom-made respirometry chambers. A subset of fish was also
 tested for thermal tolerance using an acute cardiac thermal tolerance
 test. In addition, wild fish were also caught and tested for acute cardiac
 thermal tolerance. Metabolic data were processed in R and heart rate data
 were processed in LabChart. Please see the published manuscript for
 detailed methods. 
description: # **Despite plasticity, heatwaves are costly for a coral reef fish** ##
 Description of the Data and file structure Author Information A. Principal
 Investigator Contact Information Name: Dr. Erika Eliason or Dr. Deron
 Burkepile Institution: University of California, Santa Barbara Email:
 [eliason@ucsb.edu](mailto:eliason@ucsb.edu),
 [dburkepile@ucsb.edu](mailto:dburkepile@ucsb.edu) B. Corresponding Author
 Contact Information Name: Jacey Van Wert Institution: University of
 California, Santa Barbara Email:
 [jcvanwert@gmail.com](mailto:jcvanwert@gmail.com) Date range of data
 collection (single date, range, approximate date): 2019-2022 Geographic
 location of data collection: Mo'orea, French Polynesia File List:
 VanWert_etal_2023_hawkfish.csv - contains hawkfish collection and
 morphology data, SMR, MMR, AAS, SDA metrics, and cardiac thermal tolerance
 test metrics ## METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION 1. Description of methods used
 for collection/generation/processing of data: Hawkfish (*Paracirrhites
 arcatus*) were collected in Mo'orea, French Polynesia during Austral
 winter (2019) and Austral summer (2022). They were acclimated to one of
 five treatments (27, 28, 29, 31, or 33°C) for one week and tested for
 metabolic performance metrics, including maximum metabolic rate (MMR),
 standard metabolic rate (SMR), and costs of digestion (specific dynamic
 action, SDA) using custom-made respirometry chambers. A subset of fish was
 also tested for thermal tolerance using an acute cardiac thermal tolerance
 test. In addition, wild fish were also caught and tested for acute cardiac
 thermal tolerance. Metabolic data were processed in R and heart rate data
 were processed in LabChart. Please refer to the main manuscript for
 details regarding the methods used to collect and analyze this data. 2.
 People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis, and/or
 submission: Jacey C. Van Wert, Kim Birnie-Gauvin, Jordan Gallagher, Emily
 A. Hardison, Kaitlyn Landfield, Deron E. Burkepile, and Erika J. Eliason
 ## DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: VanWert\_etal\_2023\_hawkfish.csv 1.
 Number of variables: 22 2. Number of cases/rows: 76 3. Variable List:
 hawkfish_no = unique fish ID year = year of fish collection and
 measurements season = Austral summer (summer) or Austral winter (winter)
 treatment_new = acclimation temperature; 'wild' indicates fish
 were not acclimated and were collected from the wild and immediately
 tested bw_g = wet mass of fish (units g) tank = fish tank ID during
 acclimation tl_cm = total length of fish (units cm) sl_cm = standard
 length of fish (units cm) chase_pre_v_post = whether exhaustive exercise
 chase occurred before (pre) or after (post) SMR measurements mmr_corrected
 = body mass corrected maximum metabolic rate by universal metabolic
 scaling coefficient of 0.89 (units mg O2 kg-1 min-1) smr_low10_all =
 standard metabolic rate (units mg O2 kg-1 min-1) aas_corrected = absolute
 aerobic scope (units mg O2 kg-1 min-1) fas = factorial aerobic scope
 calculated as mmr/smr (unitless) percent_bw_scallop_fed = percent of body
 weight scallop fed for SDA trial SDA_integrated = integral of specific
 dynamic action (SDA) (units mg O2 kg-1) SDA_duration = duration of
 specific dynamic action (SDA) (units hours) peak_SDA_max = maximum
 metabolic oxygen consumption (MO2) reached during specific dynamic action
 (SDA) (units mg O2 kg-1 min-1) time_peak_SDA_max = time at which
 peak_SDA_max occurred (units hours) sda_coeff = specific dynamic action
 (SDA) coefficient (units %) tarr = temperature of arrhythmia (units degC),
 only measured during winter tests fhmax_peak = peak maximum heart rate
 (units beats per min), only measured during winter tests tpeak =
 temperature at which fhmax_peak occurred (units degC), only measured
 during winter tests ## Sharing/Access Information 1. Licenses/restrictions
 placed on the data: N/A 2. Links to other publicly accessible locations of
 the data: N/A 3. Was data derived from another source? No