DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.16945247
title: Debiased meteor and possible meteorite dropping fireballs observed by EFN, EDMOND, CAMS, GMN, FRIPON, GFO

description: Dataset 1: Top-of-the-Atmosphere Meteoroid Impacts

Description:

This dataset contains information on 7,982 meteoroid impacts detected by the European Fireball Network (EFN), European viDeo Meteor Observation Network Database (EDMOND), Cameras for Allsky Meteor Surveillance (CAMS), Global Meteor Network (GMN), and Fireball Recovery and InterPlanetary Observation Network (FRIPON). Each meteoroid has an estimated initial mass equal to or greater than 10 grams at the top of the Earth's atmosphere.

Each event is identified by an event_codename, which can be used to cross-reference with open-source datasets from EFN, CAMS, EDMOND, and GMN. These event codenames can also be used to obtain additional information from the publicly available datasets on their respective websites.

The column names in this dataset have been standardized using a common mapping to facilitate data integration across different networks. This mapping was created based on a dictionary that aligns various column names from different datasets to unified standard names.

Dataset 2: Meteorite-Dropping Fireballs

Description:

This dataset includes possible meteorite-dropping fireballs from EFN and FRIPON with a minimum estimated final mass of at least 1 gram. If you plan on using this dataset or data from the GFO, please contact the authors of Shober et al. (2025) to gain a deeper understanding of the dataset's details and potential nuances.

The alpha-beta (α-β) methodology was used to identify meteorite-dropping events in the FRIPON and GFO datasets. This methodology requires sufficient deceleration during atmospheric entry to accurately estimate the α and β parameters, which are critical for determining whether a meteoroid can survive to reach the Earth's surface. 

Important Note: The α-β methodology relies on sufficient deceleration to accurately estimate the parameters.

The column names in this dataset have been standardized using the same common mapping as the first dataset.

Columns:





event_codename: Unique identifier for each fireball event. Can be used to cross-reference.




mass: Estimated initial mass of the meteoroid at the top of the atmosphere (in kilograms).




mass_final: Estimated final mass (kg) of the meteoroid at the end of the luminous trajectory determined by each network; only EFN estimate used in study, otherwise α-β methodology was used for FRIPON and GFO observations




a: Semi-major axis of the meteoroid's heliocentric orbit (au).




e: Eccentricity of the meteoroid's orbit.




i: Inclination of the meteoroid's orbit with respect to the ecliptic plane (in degrees).




lan: Longitude of the ascending node (Ω) of the meteoroid's orbit (in degrees).




arg_p: Argument of perihelion (ω) of the meteoroid's orbit (in degrees).




vg: Geocentric velocity of the meteoroid (in kilometers per second).




vi: Initial (pre-atmospheric) velocity of the meteoroid (in kilometers per second).




vf: Final velocity of the meteoroid at the end of the observed luminous trajectory (in kilometers per second).




initial_latitude: Geographic latitude where the fireball's luminous trajectory began (in degrees).




initial_longitude: Geographic longitude where the fireball's luminous trajectory began (in degrees).




date: Date and time of the fireball observation




alpha: Ballistic coefficient (α) from the α-β methodology.




beta: Mass-loss parameter (β) from the α-β methodology.




slope: Entry angle (γ) of the meteoroid's trajectory (in degrees).




dataset: Observation network that detected the fireball