cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.djh9w0vvt
title: Precision mapping of snail habitat provides a powerful indicator of human schistosomiasis transmission

description: Recently, the World Health Organization recognized that efforts to
 interrupt schistosomiasis transmission through mass drug administration
 have been ineffective in some regions; one of their new recommended
 strategies for global schistosomiasis control emphasizes targeting the
 freshwater snails that transmit schistosome parasites. We sought to
 identify robust indicators that would enable precision targeting of these
 snails. At the site of the world’s largest recorded schistosomiasis
 epidemic—the Lower Senegal River Basin in Senegal—intensive sampling
 revealed positive relationships between intermediate host snails
 (abundance, density, and prevalence) and human urogenital schistosomiasis
 reinfection (prevalence and intensity in schoolchildren after drug
 administration). However, we also found that snail distributions were so
 patchy in space and time that obtaining useful data required effort that
 exceeds what is feasible in standard monitoring and control campaigns.
 Instead, we identified several environmental proxies that were more
 effective than snail variables for predicting human infection: the area
 covered by suitable snail habitat (i.e., floating, nonemergent
 vegetation), the percent cover by suitable snail habitat, and size of the
 water contact area. Unlike snail surveys, which require hundreds of
 person-hours per site to conduct, habitat coverage and site area can be
 quickly estimated with drone or satellite imagery. This, in turn, makes
 possible large-scale, high-resolution estimation of human urogenital
 schistosomiasis risk to support targeting of both mass drug administration
 and snail control efforts.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4b8gtht7s
title: Life history plasticity and water use trade-offs associated with drought resistance in a clade of California jewelflowers

description: Water limitation is a primary driver of plant geographic distributions and
 individual plant fitness.  Drought resistance is the ability to
 survive and reproduce despite limited water, and numerous studies have
 explored its physiological basis in plants. However, it is unclear how
 drought resistance and trade-offs associated with drought resistance
 evolve within plant clades. We quantified the relationship between water
 availability and fitness for 13 short-lived plant taxa in the Streptanthus
 clade that vary in their phenology and the availability of water in the
 environments where they occur. We derived two parameters from these
 relationships: plant fitness when water is not limiting, and the water
 inflection point (WIF), the watering level at which additional water is
 most efficiently turned into fitness.  We used phylogenetic
 comparative methods to explore trade-offs related to drought resistance
 and trait plasticity, and the degree to which water relationship
 parameters are conserved. Taxa from drier climates produced fruits at the
 lowest water levels, had a lower WIF, flowered earlier, had shorter
 lifespans, more plastic water use efficiency (WUE), and lower fitness at
 non-limiting water.  In contrast, later-flowering Streptanthus
 taxa from less xeric climates experienced high fitness at non-limiting
 water but had no fitness at the lowest water levels. Across the clade, we
 found a trade-off between drought resistance and fitness at high water,
 though a single ruderal species was an outlier in this relationship. Our
 results suggest that drought escape trades off with maximal fitness under
 non-limiting water, and both are tied to phenology. We also found that
 variation in trait plasticity determines how different plant species
 produce fitness over a water gradient.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xsj3tx99d
title: Data from: Riverine transport and nutrient inputs affect phytoplankton communities in a coastal embayment

description: 1. Rivers often transport phytoplankton to coastal embayments and
 introduce nutrients that can enrich coastal plankton communities. We
 investigated the effects of the Nottawasaga River on the nearshore (i.e.,
 within 500 m of shore) phytoplankton composition along a 10 km transect of
 Nottawasaga Bay, Lake Huron in 2015 and 2016. Imaging flow cytometry was
 used to identify and enumerate algal taxa, which were resolved at sizes
 larger than small nanoplankton (i.e., &gt; 5 mm). Multivariate
 analysis (perMANOVA and RDA) and a dilution model were used to examine how
 nutrients and the transport of algal taxa affected community composition
 in the bay. 2. Sampling stations with different percentages of river water
 had significantly different phytoplankton communities. Phytoplankton
 community composition was also strongly associated with nutrients,
 including total phosphorus, which also varied with the percentage of river
 water. The majority of the 51 phytoplankton taxa identified in 2016 had
 numerical abundances in the bay that could be explained simply by the
 dilution of incoming river water. 3. Phytoplankton transported from the
 river had a higher proportion of “edible-sized” cells (&lt; 30 mm),
 particularly in summer when colonial cyanobacteria were numerically
 dominant in the bay. Six taxa were more abundant than expected from the
 dilution of river water and included some cyanobacteria with late summer
 maxima. Five of the taxa that were transported from the river were less
 abundant than expected in the bay. 4. Whereas impacts of fertilization due
 to the characteristically higher nutrient concentration in the river are
 to be expected, the strong and highly correlated effects of transport
 within the narrow coastal band of this study largely concealed any
 distinct fertilization effects. 5. Riverine inputs may strongly influence
 the near-shore assemblage of phytoplankton in oligotrophic embayments in
 large lakes, creating hotspots for productivity, species turnover and
 trophic dynamics.
description: Lake data collected by sampling from boats. Data analysis via
 various methids
DOI: 10.15468/dl.9nveck
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 915 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "and" : [
 "NetworkKey is 99d66b6c-9087-452f-a9d4-f15f2c2d0e7e",
 "TaxonKey is Chordata"
 ]
 },
 {
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Ambystoma tigrinum [GBIF Backbone Taxonomy])",
 "StateProvince is one of (Texas)"
 ]
 }
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 915 records from 23 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001949-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.05qfttdz5
title: Distribution and connectivity of protected areas in the Americas facilitates transboundary conservation

description: Large-scale anthropogenic changes to landscapes will cause species to move
 and shift their ranges against a backdrop of international political
 boundaries. Transboundary conservation efforts are therefore key to
 preserving intact and connected landscapes, particularly if such efforts
 can be implemented within the framework of protected area networks that
 provide for resiliency and persistence in the face of threats such as
 climate change. We studied the distribution, connectivity, and integrity
 of protected areas in regions near international borders within the
 Americas. We found that there is a greater proportion of land protected
 near vs. far from borders, with this effect extending approximately 125 km
 from the border. This trend was most pronounced when considering multi-use
 categories of protected areas in the analysis. We also found that there is
 greater connectivity of protected areas in border regions than more
 internally within countries, and relatively low rates of habitat loss
 within border-situated and internal protected areas. Our results indicate
 that protected area networks are larger and more connected if considered
 in a transboundary context, and that efforts to conserve species and
 mitigate effects of long-term stressors like climate change will be most
 successful when planning includes neighboring countries. Despite a
 relative lack of attention to transboundary conservation in the Americas,
 our results suggest substantial opportunities for linking landscapes via a
 focus on international border regions and coordination across borders in
 protected areas management.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0gb5mkkwn
title: Eco-evolutionary feedbacks link prey adaptation to predator performance

description: Eco-evolutionary feedbacks may determine the outcome of predator-prey
 interactions in nature, but little work has been done to quantify the
 feedback effect of short-term prey adaptation on predator performance. We
 tested the effects of prey availability and recent (&lt; 100 years)
 prey adaptation on the feeding and growth rate of largemouth bass
 (Micropterus salmoides), foraging on western mosquitofish (Gambusia
 affinis). Field surveys showed higher densities and larger average body
 sizes of mosquitofish in recently introduced populations without bass.
 Over a six-week mesocosm experiment, bass were presented with either a
 high or low availability of mosquitofish prey from recently established
 populations either naïve or experienced with bass. Naïve mosquitofish were
 larger, less cryptic, and more vulnerable to bass predation compared to
 their experienced counterparts. Bass consumed more naïve prey, grew more
 quickly with naïve prey, and grew more quickly per unit biomass of naïve
 prey consumed. The effect of mosquitofish history with bass on bass growth
 was similar in magnitude to the effect of mosquitofish availability. In
 showing that recently-derived predation-related prey phenotypes strongly
 affect predator performance, this study supports the presence of
 reciprocal predator-prey trait feedbacks in nature.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cnp5hqc17
title: Bio-optical Database of the Arctic Ocean

description: The Arctic bio-optical database assembles a diverse suite of biological
 and optical data from 34 expeditions throughout the Arctic Ocean. Data
 combined into a single AO database following the OBPG criteria (Pegau et
 al. 2003), as was done in the development of the global NASA Bio-optical
 Marine Algorithm Data Set (NOMAD) (Werdell 2005, Werdell & Bailey
 2005). This Arctic database combines coincident in situ observations of
 IOPs, apparent optical properties (AOPs), Chl a, environmental data (e.g.
 temperature, salinity) and station metadata (e.g. sampling depth,
 latitude, longitude, date). Data were acquired from the NASA SeaWiFS
 Bio-optical Archive and Storage System (SeaBASS,
 https://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/), the LEFE CYBER database
 (http://www.obs-vlfr.fr/proof/index2.php), the Data and Sample Research
 System for Whole Cruise Information in JAMSTEC (DARWIN,
 http://www.godac.jamstec.go.jp), NOMAD, and individual contributors. To
 ensure consistency, data were limited to those that were collected using
 OBPG defined protocols (Pegau et al. 2003). Only observations shallower
 that 30 m were included. For spectral parameters, we included data at the
 following wavelengths that are used by satellite and thus are relevant for
 ocean color algorithm evaluation: 412, 443, 469, 488, 490, 510, 531, 547,
 555, 645, 667, 670 and 678 nm. In situ measurements were binned at the
 same station if measurements were within 8 hours and 1° of distance
 (Werdell & Bailey 2005). For regional analyses, each station was
 assigned to one of ten sub-regions and three functional shelf-types
 (Carmack et al. 2006).
description: This bio-optical database was assembled using in situ measurements from cruises throughout the Arctic Ocean based on the methods in Werdell 2005 and Werdell & Bailey 2005. Please see [my eventual paper citation/DOI] for full details on methods and data source.    Werdell, P. 2005. An evaluation of inherent optical property data for inclusion in the NASA Bio‐optical Marine Algorithm Data Set, NASA Ocean Biology Processing Group paper, NASA Goddard Space Flight Cent., Greenbelt, Md. Werdell, P.J. and S.W. Bailey. 2005. An improved bio-optical data set for ocean color algorithm development and satellite data product validation. Remote Sens. Environ. 98: 122-140.
description: See the README
 file (README_Arctic_Ocean_Bio-Optical_Database_Lewis_et_al.docx) for data
 sources, database description and more of the Bio-Optical
 Database. Also available is mean annual Chl a and
 primary production using a new chlorophyll algorithm based on the
 bio-optical database.  Ancillary data like open water area and sea surface
 temperature is included as well. 
 File: aay8380_timeseries_data.xlsx Finally the data for
 Fig. 1B (Actic Ocean Chl a rate of change 1998-2018) is included in a
 netCDF file.  File: aay8380_chl_trend.cdf
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.73n5tb2sc
title: Data from: Dynamics of diet-egg transfer of fatty acids in the teleost fish, red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)

description: Eggs of marine organisms are increasingly being recognized as important
 components of marine food webs. The degree to which egg fatty acid
 profiles reflect maternal diet fatty acid profiles, and therefore the
 value of fatty acids in eggs as trophic biomarkers, depends on the
 species’ reproductive strategy and the extent of modification of ingested
 fatty acids. We measured the dynamics of transfer of recently ingested
 fatty acids to spawned eggs in a batch-spawning teleost, red drum
 (Sciaenops ocellatus). Results of 21 dietshift experiments, from which the
 fatty acid profiles of the diets and eggs were compared, showed that 15 of
 27 fatty acids measured (one saturated, two monounsaturated and 12
 polyunsaturated fatty acids) in eggs were correlated with their levels in
 the recent diet, and the rate of incorporation into eggs was proportional
 to the magnitude of the diet shift. Large shifts in diet might occur
 naturally during spawningmigrations or when prey communities vary over
 time. Results of this study indicate that fatty acids in red drum eggs can
 be useful for studying adult diet and exploring trophic linkages in marine
 systems. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The next horizons for
 lipids as ‘trophic biomarkers’: evidence and significance of consumer
 modification of dietary fatty acids’.
description: Data were obtained from diet-shift experiments conducted on
 captive adult red drum. Various diets were given to the adults and their
 spawns (eggs) were collected. Then diets were changed and spawns were
 collected. Fatty acid profiles of samples (eggs and diets) were obtained
 by gas chromatography. Analyses of these data are described in the
 associated publication.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gxd2547g6
title: A non‐steady state model based on dual nitrogen and oxygen isotopes to constrain moss nitrate uptake and reduction

description: Epilithic mosses are early colonizers of the terrestrial biosphere,
 constitute a special ecosystem regulating rock-atmosphere interactions,
 and may be more restricted in their nitrogen (N) supply than other mosses.
 Terrestrial mosses can take up nitrate (NO3-), a major form of
 bioavailable N, from soil substrates. However, the importance of substrate
 NO3- relative to atmospheric NO3- remains unclear in moss NO3-
 utilization. This has prevented the understanding of moss NO3- dynamics
 and its responses to environmental N loadings. Here we investigated the
 monthly concentrations, δ15N, and δ18O of NO3- in four epilithic moss
 species from August, 2006 to August, 2007 in Guiyang, southwestern China.
 We developed a non-steady state isotope mass-balance model based on dual N
 and O isotopes to evaluate fractional contributions of atmospheric NO3-
 (Фatm) and soil NO3- (Фsoil), moss NO3- uptake flux (Finflux), moss NO3-
 reduction flux (Freduction), and the percentage of NO3- reduction in total
 NO3- uptake of mosses (expressed as freduced). Monthly Фsoil values
 averaged 53 ± 13% and monthly freduced values averaged 50 ± 35%. Both
 monthly Freduction and freduced values increased with monthly Finflux
 values, particularly when Фsoil values were higher than Фatm values.
 However, the amount of annual NO3- reduction (219.7 ± 30.5 μg-N/g, dw)
 accounted for only 1.0 ± 0.2% in bulk N of mosses. We conclude that half
 of NO3- in epilithic mosses is derived from soil NO3- and that NO3- uptake
 from soil induces moss NO3- reduction, but the total NO3- assimilation
 contributed a low fraction to total N of study mosses. These findings are
 important for understanding N sources and dynamics in terrestrial mosses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8pk0p2nhq
title: Urbanization reduces genetic connectivity in bobcats (Lynx rufus) at both intra- and inter-population spatial scales

description: Urbanization is a major factor driving habitat fragmentation and
 connectivity loss in wildlife. However, the impacts of urbanization on
 connectivity can vary among species and even populations due to
 differences in local landscape characteristics, and our ability to detect
 these relationships may depend on the spatial scale at which they are
 measured. Bobcats (Lynx rufus) are relatively sensitive to urbanization
 and the status of bobcat populations is an important indicator of
 connectivity in urban coastal southern California. We genotyped 271
 bobcats at 13,520 SNP loci to conduct a replicated landscape resistance
 analysis in five genetically distinct populations. We tested urban and
 natural factors potentially influencing individual connectivity in each
 population separately, as well as study-wide. Overall, landscape genomic
 effects were most frequently detected at the study-wide spatial scale,
 with urban land cover (measured as impervious surface) having negative
 effects and topographic roughness having positive effects on gene flow.
 The negative effect of urban land cover on connectivity was also evident
 when populations were analyzed separately despite varying substantially in
 spatial area and the proportion of urban development, confirming a
 pervasive impact of urbanization largely independent of spatial scale. The
 effect of urban development was strongest in one population where stream
 habitat had been lost to development, suggesting that riparian corridors
 may help mitigate reduced connectivity in urbanizing areas. Our results
 demonstrate the importance of replicating landscape genetic analyses
 across populations and considering how landscape genetic effects may vary
 with spatial scale and local landscape structure.
description: This dataset comprises raw sequencing reads from double-digest
 restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing of 286 bobcat (<em>Lynx
 rufus</em>) blood and tissue samples collected from coastal southern
 California between 1997 and 2012. Reads have been demultiplexed, trimmed,
 and quality-filtered using the <em>process_radtags</em> module
 from Stacks 1.42 using default settings. 
description: Each fq.gz file contains sequences for one sample, named
 according to sample ID. This dataset includes 15 samples that were
 filtered out from the final analysis due to poor sequencing
 coverage.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sn02v6x0q
title: A meta-analysis of natural selection on plant functional traits

description: A common assumption in plant physiological ecology is that variation in
 functional traits reflects the adaptation of organisms to their abiotic
 environment. This assumption can be tested by estimating natural selection
 as the relationship between a functional trait and a fitness component
 (i.e. survival or reproduction) within a population. To understand how
 natural selection operates on plant functional traits, we compiled
 directional selection gradients (β), which estimate direct selection, and
 differentials (S), which estimate both direct and indirect selection, from
 studies conducted in manipulated and unmanipulated environments. We found
 that relative to manipulating biotic factors, manipulating abiotic factors
 had a ~5.7´ larger effect on β and a ~16´ larger effect on S, suggesting
 that functional traits primarily evolve in response to the abiotic
 environment. We found that the strength of selection on functional traits
 (β) did not vary with trait type, performance/fitness component,
 or measurement context (i.e. common garden vs. natural population).
 However, the direction of selection did differ between some trait types:
 β was positive for plant size traits, but negative for phenology
 traits. Lastly, we found that the absolute value of selection
 differentials (S) was ~2´ larger than the absolute value of selection
 gradients (β), indicating that there was indirect selection on functional
 traits. Overall, our meta-analysis illustrates that natural selection on
 plant functional traits is common, and that estimates of selection on
 these traits in experimentally manipulated environments can be used
 effectively to test hypotheses about the causes of adaptation.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bk3j9kd6j
title: Data from: Absence of founder effect and evidence for adaptive divergence in a recently introduced insular population of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).

description: Islands are generally colonized by few individuals which could lead to a
 founder effect causing loss of genetic diversity and rapid divergence by
 strong genetic drift. Insular conditions can also induce new selective
 pressures on populations. Here, we investigated the extent of genetic
 differentiation within a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)
 population introduced on an island and its differentiation with its source
 mainland population. In response to their novel environmental conditions,
 introduced deer changed phenotypically from mainland individuals,
 therefore we investigated the genetic bases of the morphological
 differentiation. The study was conducted on Anticosti Island (Québec,
 Canada) where 220 individuals were introduced 120 years ago, resulting in
 a population size over 160,000 individuals. We used
 genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to generate 8,518 filtered high-quality
 SNPs and compared patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation
 between the continental and Anticosti Island populations. Clustering
 analyses indicated a single panmictic island population and no sign of
 isolation by distance. Our results revealed a weak, albeit highly
 significant, genetic differentiation between the Anticosti Island
 population and its source population (mean FST = 0.005), which allowed a
 population assignment success of 93%. Also, the high genetic diversity
 maintained in the introduced population supports the absence of a strong
 founder effect due to the large number of founders followed by rapid
 population growth. We further used a polygenic approach to assess the
 genetic bases of the divergent phenotypical traits between insular and
 continental populations. We found loci related to muscular function and
 lipid metabolism, which suggested that these could be involved in local
 adaptation on Anticosti Island. We discuss these results in a harvest
 management context.