cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p412r16
title: Data from: Generalisation and specialisation in hoverfly (Syrphidae) grassland pollen transport networks revealed by DNA metabarcoding

description: Pollination by insects is a key ecosystem service and important to wider
 ecosystem function. Most species‐level pollination networks studied have a
 generalised structure, with plants having several potential pollinators,
 and pollinators in turn visiting a number of different plant species. This
 is in apparent contrast to a plant's need for efficient conspecific
 pollen transfer. The aim of this study was to investigate the structure of
 pollen transport networks at three levels of biological hierarchy:
 community, species and individual. We did this using hoverflies in the
 genus Eristalis, a key group of non‐Hymenopteran pollinators. We
 constructed pollen transport networks using DNA metabarcoding to identify
 pollen. We captured hoverflies in conservation grasslands in west Wales,
 UK, removed external pollen loads, sequenced the pollen DNA on the
 Illumina MiSeq platform using the standard plant barcode rbcL, and matched
 sequences using a pre‐existing plant DNA barcode reference library. We
 found that Eristalis hoverflies transport pollen from 65 plant taxa, more
 than previously appreciated. Networks were generalised at the site and
 species level, suggesting some degree of functional redundancy, and were
 more generalised in late summer compared to early summer. In contrast,
 pollen transport at the individual level showed some degree of
 specialisation. Hoverflies defined as “single‐plant visitors” varied from
 40% of those captured in early summer to 24% in late summer. Individual
 hoverflies became more generalised in late summer, possibly in response to
 an increase in floral resources. Rubus fruticosus agg. and Succisa
 pratensis were key plant species for hoverflies at our sites Our results
 contribute to resolving the apparent paradox of how generalised pollinator
 networks can provide efficient pollination to plant species. Generalised
 hoverfly pollen transport networks may result from a varied range of
 short‐term specialised feeding bouts by individual insects. The
 generalisation and functional redundancy of Eristalis pollen transport
 networks may increase the stability of the pollination service they
 deliver.
description: SI1Appendix SI1 Study site
 names, study site codes, location, area and altitudeSI2Appendix SI2 Number of
 DNA sequences ascribed to each plant taxonomic group for hoverflies caught
 at four grasslands in west Wales between June 1 and July 15 2014 (for
 location codes, see SI1). Each sample has a site code, followed by E
 (early) or L (late), and the species name and sex.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hf95d
title: Data from: Better stay together: pair bond duration increases individual fitness independent of age-related variation

description: Prolonged pair bonds have the potential to improve reproductive
 performance of socially monogamous animals by increasing pair familiarity
 and enhancing coordination and cooperation between pair members. However,
 this has proved very difficult to test robustly because of important
 confounds such as age and reproductive experience. Here, we address
 limitations of previous studies and provide a rigorous test of the mate
 familiarity effect in the socially monogamous blue-footed booby, Sula
 nebouxii, a long-lived marine bird with a high divorce rate. Taking
 advantage of a natural disassociation between age and pair bond duration
 in this species, and applying a novel analytical approach to a 24 year
 database, we found that those pairs which have been together for longer
 establish their clutches five weeks earlier in the season, hatch more of
 their eggs and produce 35% more fledglings, regardless of age and
 reproductive experience. Our results demonstrate that pair bond duration
 increases individual fitness and further suggest that synergistic effects
 between a male and female's behaviour are likely to be involved in
 generating a mate familiarity effect. These findings help to explain the
 age- and experience-independent benefits of remating and their role in
 life-history evolution.
description: Data from
 RSPB-2013-2843Raw data file from
 Sánchez-Macouzet et al. 'Better stay together: pair bond duration
 increases individual fitness independent of age-related
 variation'pbd_data.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t2q82
title: Data from: High tolerance of tropical sapling growth and gas exchange to moderate warming

description: The effects of global warming on tropical forest growth and carbon storage
 are uncertain. While observations on canopy trees indicate negative
 correlations between temperature and growth, some seedling studies suggest
 the opposite. These contrasting results may reflect ontogenetic
 differences in temperature responses, or differences between the
 performance of potted plants under controlled conditions and plants under
 more variable conditions in the field. To try to bridge the gap between
 highly-controlled experiments on small seedlings and field observations on
 canopy trees we conducted two sets of outdoor experiments on saplings up
 to 2.5 m tall; one set to study the effects of night warming, and another
 set on the effects of day warming. To test the hypothesis that night
 warming would reduce growth in tropical saplings through stimulation of
 respiration, we grew the early-successional species Ochroma pyramidale in
 large 380-liter soil containers under ambient nighttime temperature and
 ambient +4.5°C. To test the hypothesis that day warming would reduce
 growth by reducing photosynthesis we compared plants in multi-species and
 single-species mesocosms rooted in the ground under ambient and passively
 warmed daytime conditions. In all experiments we monitored growth and
 measured foliar physiology and plant biomass allocation. Neither night
 warming nor day warming significantly affected biomass accumulation and
 allocation. Height growth increased with night warming in Ochroma
 pyramidale, but decreased with day warming in late-successional species.
 Night warming resulted in acclimation of dark respiration. Day warming
 resulted in acclimation of photosynthesis in early-successional species,
 but warming decreased photosynthesis in late-successional tree species.
 The seedling-to-sapling transition is a critical stage in the life of
 trees. We found no evidence that in this juvenile growth phase moderate
 increases in mean temperature reduce the performance of tropical trees,
 although increases in peak daytime temperature may negatively impact
 photosynthesis, especially in late-successional species.
description: Dryad_Table1_DayWarmingGrowth, biomass allocation, and physiology data for 4 sapling mesocosm day warming experiment.Dryad_Table2_NightWarmingGrowth, biomass allocation, physiology and foliar carbohydrate data from 3 sapling nighttime warming experiments
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.568kn
title: Data from: Spatial genetic and morphologic structure of wolves and coyotes in relation to environmental heterogeneity in a Canis hybrid zone

description: Eastern wolves have hybridized extensively with coyotes and gray wolves
 and are listed as a ‘species of special concern’ in Canada. However, a
 distinct population of eastern wolves has been identified in Algonquin
 Provincial Park (APP) in Ontario. Previous Canis studies have not linked
 genetic analysis with field data to investigate genotype-specific
 morphology or determine how resident animals of different ancestry are
 distributed across the landscape in relation to heterogeneous
 environmental conditions. Accordingly, we studied resident wolves and
 coyotes in and adjacent to APP to identify distinct Canis types, clarify
 the occurrence of eastern wolves adjacent to APP, and investigate spatial
 genetic structure and landscape-genotype associations in the hybrid zone.
 We documented 3 genetically distinct Canis types that also differed
 morphologically, corresponding to putative gray wolves, eastern wolves,
 and coyotes. We also documented a substantial number of hybrid individuals
 (36%). Breeding eastern wolves were less common outside of APP, but
 occurred in some unprotected areas. We identified a steep cline extending
 west from APP where the dominant genotype shifted abruptly from eastern
 wolves to coyotes and hybrids. The genotypic pattern to the south and
 northwest was a more complex mosaic of alternating genotypes. We modeled
 genetic ancestry in response to prey availability and human disturbance
 and found positive and negative associations between wolf ancestry and 1)
 moose density and 2) road densities, respectively. Our results clarify the
 structure of the Canis hybrid zone adjacent to APP and provide unique
 insight into environmental conditions influencing hybridization dynamics
 between wolves and coyotes.
description: Bensonetal.CanisHybridZoneMicrosatelliteDataMicrosatellite Allele data collected from individual wolves, coyotes, and hybrids (each has individual id, data on separate rows) in central Ontario.Bensonetal.CanisHybridZoneLandscapeDataAncestry and environmental data associated with resident wolves, coyotes, and hybrids tracked in and adjacent to APP, 2004-2011Bensonetal.CanisHybridZoneBodyMassDataBody Mass data for captured wolves, coyotes, hybrids. EW = eastern wolf, Gray = gray wolf.Bensonetal.CanisHybridZoneBodyLengthDataBody length data for captured wolves, coyotes, hybrids. BL = body length in cm. EW = eastern wolf, gray = gray wolf.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k58bd
title: Data from: Male cognitive performance declines in the absence of sexual selection

description: Sexual selection is responsible for the evolution of male ornaments and
 armaments, but its role in the evolution of cognition—the ability to
 process, retain and use information—is largely unexplored. Because
 successful courtship is likely to involve processing information in
 complex, competitive sexual environments, we hypothesized that sexual
 selection contributes to the evolution and maintenance of cognitive
 abilities in males. To test this, we removed mate choice and mate
 competition from experimental populations of Drosophila melanogaster by
 enforcing monogamy for over 100 generations. Males evolved under monogamy
 became less proficient than polygamous control males at relatively complex
 cognitive tasks. When faced with one receptive and several unreceptive
 females, polygamous males quickly focused on receptive females, whereas
 monogamous males continued to direct substantial courtship effort towards
 unreceptive females. As a result, monogamous males were less successful in
 this complex setting, despite being as quick to mate as their polygamous
 counterparts with only one receptive female. This diminished ability to
 use past information was not limited to the courtship context: monogamous
 males (but not females) also showed reduced aversive olfactory learning
 ability. Our results provide direct experimental evidence that the
 intensity of sexual selection is an important factor in the evolution of
 male cognitive ability.
description: Latency to copulation
 data w/ one femaleThe time to copulation
 in seconds for males from different experimental populations when paired
 with one virgin, receptive femaledryad_SS_exp1.txtLatency to copulation data w/ multiple femalesLatency to copulation for males from different experimental populations when placed with one virgin and either one unreceptive (unreceptive=0) or five unreceptive (unreceptive=1) females.dryad_SS_exp2.txtCompetitive mating success dataCounts of ebony and wild type offspring for competitive mating assays with experimentally-evolved populationsdryad_competitive.txtAversive learning data for males and femalesAversive learning data for flies from experimentally-evolved populations, with the number of flies going each direction (MCH vs OCT) indicated along with the CS+ (under CSplus variable)dryad_SSlines_learning.txtTime series data for male courtshipMinute-by-minute courtship for males from experimentally-evolved populations. Fly is either actively courting (courting=1) or not courting (courting=0). If courting, the fly is either courting the receptive female (target=1) or one of the unreceptive females (target=0).dryad_haystack.txt
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14633829
title: Layline Shareholder activism dataset
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cs777
title: Data from: Different temperature perception in high-elevation plants: new insight into phenological development and implications for climate change in the alpine tundra

description: In alpine habitats, predicted warmer and longer growing seasons will
 influence plant phenology, with important implications for species
 adaptation and vegetation dynamics. However, little is known on the
 temperature sensitivity of different phenophases and on the
 characteristics allowing phenological variation among and within species.
 By integrating interannual micro-climatic variability with experimental
 warming, we explored how the phenology of three alpine species is
 influenced by temperature and what mechanisms underlie intra- and
 inter-specific phenological differences. The present study demonstrated
 that alpine plants have different temperature responses during their
 reproductive cycle, do not have constant thermal thresholds and heat-use
 efficiencies to achieve the seed dispersal stage and can change their
 temperature sensitivity to flower along snowmelt gradients. In addition,
 the length of the reproductive cycle, which proved to be species-specific
 under experimental warming, does not seem to be the only life-history
 trait under selective pressure due to the short-length of the snow-free
 period. In a warming climate scenario, the phenology of sexual
 reproduction will be considerably altered, and alpine plants may be
 subjected to changes in population dynamics driven by altered perception
 of environmental cues appropriate for coordinating the timing of key
 life-history events.
description: Phenological development
 in the alpine tundra
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nr7mb6f
title: Data from: Scary clowns: adaptive function of anemonefish coloration

description: Clownfishes, with their showy colouration, are well known for their
 symbiosis with sea anemones and for their hierarchical reproductive
 system, but the function of their colouration is unclear. We used a
 phylogeny of 27 clownfish species to test whether fish colouration: (1)
 serves a protective function that involves their anemone hosts, or (2)
 signals species identity in species with overlapping host ranges that can
 potentially share the same host. We tested for an association between fish
 colour pattern traits, host morphology and host toxicity and examined
 coloration in relation to host sharing and geographic proximity. Fish with
 fewer stripes occupied fewer anemone species, and hosts with shorter
 tentacles, than fish with multiple stripes. There was a negative
 relationship between anemone toxicity and tentacle length and these
 protective traits together were correlated with the evolution of stripes.
 Host sharing or range overlap was not associated with coloration
 divergence. We propose that ancestral anemonefishes had multiple stripes
 that served for hiding/camouflage among the hosts’ long tentacles, while
 increased specialisation towards fewer and more toxic hosts (with shorter
 tentacles) led to the use of colouration as an aposematic signal. The
 intriguing notion that an aposematic signal could advertise the defence of
 another species may reflect the unique symbiotic relationship between
 anemonefishes and their hosts.
description: Pomacentrid stripe
 dataBody stripe data for the
 family PomacentridaeAnemonefishes and host
 dataColour pattern and
 ecological data for the anemonefishes, and morphological trait data for
 their anemone hosts
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3g227m5
title: Data from: Ecological change alters the evolutionary response to harvest in a freshwater fish

description: Harvesting can induce rapid evolution in animal populations, yet the role
 of ecological change in buffering or enhancing that response is poorly
 understood. Here, we developed an eco-genetic model to examine how
 ecological changes brought about by two notorious invasive species – zebra
 and quagga mussels– influence harvest-induced evolution and resilience in
 a freshwater fish. Our study focused on lake whitefish (Coregonus
 clupeaformis) in the Laurentian Great Lakes, where the species supports
 valuable commercial and subsistence fisheries, and where the invasion of
 dreissenid (zebra and quagga) mussels caused drastic shifts in ecosystem
 productivity. Using our model system, we predicted faster rates of
 evolution of maturation reaction norms in lake whitefish under
 pre-invasion ecosystem conditions when growth and recruitment of young to
 the population were high. Slower growth rates that occurred under
 post-invasion conditions delayed when fish became vulnerable to the
 fishery, thus decreasing selection pressure and lessening the evolutionary
 response to harvest. Fishing with gill nets and traps nets generally
 selected for early maturation at small sizes, except when fishing at low
 levels with small mesh gill nets under pre-invasion conditions; in this
 latter case, evolution of delayed maturation was predicted. Overall, the
 invasion of dreissenid mussels lessened the evolutionary response to
 harvest, while also reducing the productivity and commercial yield
 potential of the stock. These results demonstrate how ecological
 conditions shape evolutionary outcomes and how invasive species can have a
 direct effect on evolutionary responses to harvest and sustainability.
description: Data for PMRNs and rates
 of evolutionThis data file contains
 mean PMRN slope and intercept values, and rates of evolution of the PMRN
 intercept expressed as a percent change for the following treatment
 groups: ecological scenario, type of fishing gear, mesh size of fishing
 gear, and maximum harvest rate expressed as a
 proportion.Data for mean lengths
 and abundance at ageThis data file contains
 mean lengths at age and abundance at age for the following treatment
 groups: ecological scenario, type of fishing gear, mesh size of fishing
 gear, and maximum harvest rate expressed as a
 proportion.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.17m23
title: Data from: Length, body depth, and gape relationships and inference on piscivory among North American centrarchids

description: Species of Centrarchidae are major components of inland fisheries in much
 of North America. Thus, information gained from the assessment of
 interspecies interactions and/or quantifying predator-prey relationships
 is a useful tool for fisheries managers. Using preserved fish specimens (n
 = 717) from 20 species of centrarchids, we made measurements of total
 length (TL), standard length (SL), horizontal gape, and body depth for
 each individual. We fitted mathematical models that included horizontal
 gape and body depth as functions of TL and SL, and TL as a function of SL.
 Linear-regression-model fits were generally good (r2 = 0.764-0.998) for
 all 20 species, with 61 of 78 possible models having r2 values exceeding
 0.90. Horizontal gape–SL (F3,702 = 77.18, P &lt; 0.001) and body
 depth-SL (F3,702 = 91.79, P &lt; 0.001) ratios differed significantly
 along a gradient that reflected the species' likelihood of piscivory.
 Slopes of TL–SL regressions did not vary by species, which enabled
 development of a generalized TL–SL model for centrarchids. Supplemental
 analyses supported that morphometric measurements had not been influenced
 significantly by preservation. Results of this study are useful to
 fisheries managers involved with understanding species interactions within
 centrarchid-dominated food webs, which are of high priority in most
 fisheries-management plans.
description: Measurement
 DataCreated using Excel. See
 Readme for column definitions. Each row corresponds to one
 specimen.allfishes2.csvPreserved and Live BluegillMeasurements from preserved and live Bluegill. Each row represents a fish. See readme for column descriptions.Bluegill_preservedvslive.csvStatistical ParametersExcel workbook with ANOVA/ANCOVA tables generated by analysis script.analysis scriptR script used to conduct statistical analysis for study
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1707n
title: Data from: Na+/K+-ATPase resistance and cardenolide sequestration: basal adaptations to host plant toxins in the milkweed bugs (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae: Lygaeinae)

description: Despite sequestration of toxins being a common coevolutionary response to
 plant defence in phytophagous insects, the macroevolution of the traits
 involved is largely unaddressed. Using a phylogenetic approach comprising
 species from four continents, we analysed the ability to sequester toxic
 cardenolides in the hemipteran subfamily Lygaeinae, which is widely
 associated with cardenolide-producing Apocynaceae. In addition, we
 analysed cardenolide resistance of their Na+/K+-ATPases, the molecular
 target of cardenolides. Our data indicate that cardenolide sequestration
 and cardenolide-resistant Na+/K+-ATPase are basal adaptations in the
 Lygaeinae. In two species that shifted to non-apocynaceous hosts, the
 ability to sequester was secondarily reduced, yet Na+/K+-ATPase resistance
 was maintained. We suggest that both traits evolved together and represent
 major coevolutionary adaptations responsible for the evolutionary success
 of lygaeine bugs. Moreover, specialization on cardenolides was not an
 evolutionary dead end, but enabled this insect lineage to host shift to
 cardenolide-producing plants from distantly related families.
description: milkweed bugs
 dryad
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6gq1g
title: Data from: Indications for three independent domestication events for the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) and new insights into the origin of tea germplasm in China and India revealed by nuclear microsatellites

description: Background: Tea is the world’s most popular non-alcoholic beverage. China
 and India are known to be the largest tea producing countries and
 recognized as the centers for the domestication of the tea plant (Camellia
 sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze). However, molecular studies on the origin,
 domestication and relationships of the main teas, China type, Assam type
 and Cambod type are lacking. Methodology/Principal Findings: Twenty-three
 nuclear microsatellite markers were used to investigate the genetic
 diversity, relatedness, and domestication history of cultivated tea in
 both China and India. Based on a total of 392 samples, high levels of
 genetic diversity were observed for all tea types in both countries. The
 cultivars clustered into three distinct genetic groups (i.e. China tea,
 Chinese Assam tea and Indian Assam tea) based on STRUCTURE, PCoA and UPGMA
 analyses with significant pairwise genetic differentiation, corresponding
 well with their geographical distribution. A high proportion (30%) of the
 studied tea samples were shown to possess genetic admixtures of different
 tea types suggesting a hybrid origin for these samples, including the
 Cambod type. Conclusions: We demonstrate that Chinese Assam tea is a
 distinct genetic lineage from Indian Assam tea, and that China tea sampled
 from India was likely introduced from China directly. Our results further
 indicate that China type tea, Chinese Assam type tea and Indian Assam type
 tea are likely the result of three independent domestication events from
 three separate regions across China and India. Our findings have important
 implications for the conservation of genetic stocks, as well as future
 breeding programs.
description: Microsatellites
 DatasetMicrosatellite Data set
 for 23 primers