cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123782
title: Supplementary Material for: DREZotomy in the Treatment of Cancer Pain: A Review

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Cancer-related pain is a common problem that may be intractable by medical and neuromodulatory treatment. The dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) is a hyperactive focus in neuropathic pain syndromes, and DREZotomy has been used in selective cases of neuropathic cancer pain. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study was to describe the technique of spinal DREZotomy in the treatment of cancer pain and review the relevant published literature. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A PubMed database search for ‘DREZ’, ‘dorsal root entry zone’ and ‘cancer’, and a search of the references of these manuscripts, was undertaken. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 14 papers were identified and reviewed that described a total of 123 patients with cancer pain or radiation-induced pain who have been treated with DREZotomy. Though heterogeneous, these studies reported an overall favorable outcome in carefully selected patients with topographically limited pain syndromes. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> For patients with well-localized neuropathic cancer pain intractable to medical and first-line surgical management, DREZotomy is a viable treatment option. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the outcomes of this procedure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123785
title: Supplementary Material for: Comparison of the Effects of Two Kinase Inhibitors, Sorafenib and Dasatinib, on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>With sorafenib displaying the highest affinities for Flt3, VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor) and Raf and dasatinib for Abl and Src kinases, the profiles of kinases targeted by these inhibitors differ strongly. <b><i>Materials and Methods: </i></b>Dose-dependent effects of the inhibitors on freshly isolated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells were assessed as increased phosphatidylserine exposure. Inhibition by sorafenib and dasatinib of survival and anti-apoptotic signaling in CLL cells was examined by Western blot analysis. <b><i>Results: </i></b>Sorafenib uniformly induced apoptosis in CLL lymphocytes with a concentration inhibiting by 50% (IC50) of 8 mM, whereas the response to dasatinib was heterogeneous with the onset of inhibition at submicromolar concentrations but with IC50 values below 25 mM in only a few samples. At the respective pharmacologically achievable plasma concentrations, the inhibitors showed more efficient apoptosis induction by sorafenib than by dasatinib and less than additive mutual enhancement in combination. Co-culture with the bone marrow stroma cell line HS-5 increased the viability of untreated CLL cells but did not protect from sorafenib-induced apoptosis. <b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>Sorafenib or dasatinib displayed sigmoidal or saturation-type dose-response relationships for apoptosis induction, which were uniform or highly divergent, respectively, among individual CLL samples and therefore might complement each other in their clinical potential for CLL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123788
title: Supplementary Material for: Low-Cost High-Speed Imaging System for Observing Vocal Fold Vibration in Voice Disorders

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The aim of this study was to establish a method to observe vocal fold vibration using a low-cost high-speed laryngeal imaging system. <b><i>Procedures:</i></b> We assembled a high-speed imaging system with a consumer digital camera and a rigid laryngeal endoscope. The camera can shoot digital images at a rate of 1,200 frames per second and be purchased for about USD 1,000 in Japan. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We examined the normal and pathological vocal folds of 215 subjects with our new system and analyzed the vocal fold vibration in these subjects by playback of a video and kymograph images. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our high-speed laryngeal imaging system is highly cost-effective and can be a useful tool for examining the vocal folds of patients with voice disorders.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123791.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: What Is the Best Sequential Treatment Strategy in the Treatment of Depression? Adding Pharmacotherapy to Psychotherapy or Vice Versa?

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Insufficient response to monotreatment for depression is a common phenomenon in clinical practice. Even so, evidence indicating how to proceed in such cases is sparse. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study looks at the second phase of a sequential treatment algorithm, in which 103 outpatients with moderately severe depression were initially randomized to either short-term supportive psychodynamic therapy (PDT) or antidepressants. Patients who reported less than 30% symptom improvement after 8 weeks were offered combined treatment. Outcome measures were the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), the Clinical Global Impression of Severity and Improvement, the SCL-90 depression subscale and the EuroQOL questionnaire. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Despite being nonresponsive, about 40% of patients preferred to continue with monotherapy. At treatment termination, patients initially randomized to PDT had improved more than those initially receiving antidepressants, as indicated by the HAM-D and the EuroQOL, independently of whether the addition was accepted or not. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Starting with psychotherapy may be preferable in mildly and moderately depressed outpatients. For patients who receive either PDT or antidepressants, combined therapy after early nonresponse seems to be helpful. Nevertheless, this sequential strategy is not always preferred by patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123779
title: Supplementary Material for: Paradoxical Gait at a Narrowed Entrance in a Patient with Hoehn-Yahr Stage III Parkinson’s Disease

description: Recently, we studied fallers and non-fallers with Hoehn-Yahr stage III Parkinson’s disease (PD) using a path that suddenly narrowed, which we originally designed and produced. A risk of future falls was suggested to be related to slow gait with freezing (SGF) elicited by a fear of falling before arrival at a narrowed entrance or while walking on a narrow path, as well as to the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part II score, associated with SGF. In the same study, we had faller patients walk on a path that narrowed in a straight-line fashion to determine whether SGF could be improved. In one patient, who showed a unique paradoxical gait, SGF resolved. We describe this patient in the hope that our experience will provide potential clues to effective ways to prevent future falls in patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage III PD. To prevent gait instability elicited by fear of falling in patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage III PD, it might be useful to remove narrowed entrances.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123782.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: DREZotomy in the Treatment of Cancer Pain: A Review

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Cancer-related pain is a common problem that may be intractable by medical and neuromodulatory treatment. The dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) is a hyperactive focus in neuropathic pain syndromes, and DREZotomy has been used in selective cases of neuropathic cancer pain. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study was to describe the technique of spinal DREZotomy in the treatment of cancer pain and review the relevant published literature. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A PubMed database search for ‘DREZ’, ‘dorsal root entry zone’ and ‘cancer’, and a search of the references of these manuscripts, was undertaken. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 14 papers were identified and reviewed that described a total of 123 patients with cancer pain or radiation-induced pain who have been treated with DREZotomy. Though heterogeneous, these studies reported an overall favorable outcome in carefully selected patients with topographically limited pain syndromes. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> For patients with well-localized neuropathic cancer pain intractable to medical and first-line surgical management, DREZotomy is a viable treatment option. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the outcomes of this procedure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123785.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Comparison of the Effects of Two Kinase Inhibitors, Sorafenib and Dasatinib, on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells

description: <b><i>Background: </i></b>With sorafenib displaying the highest affinities for Flt3, VEGFR (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor) and Raf and dasatinib for Abl and Src kinases, the profiles of kinases targeted by these inhibitors differ strongly. <b><i>Materials and Methods: </i></b>Dose-dependent effects of the inhibitors on freshly isolated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells were assessed as increased phosphatidylserine exposure. Inhibition by sorafenib and dasatinib of survival and anti-apoptotic signaling in CLL cells was examined by Western blot analysis. <b><i>Results: </i></b>Sorafenib uniformly induced apoptosis in CLL lymphocytes with a concentration inhibiting by 50% (IC50) of 8 mM, whereas the response to dasatinib was heterogeneous with the onset of inhibition at submicromolar concentrations but with IC50 values below 25 mM in only a few samples. At the respective pharmacologically achievable plasma concentrations, the inhibitors showed more efficient apoptosis induction by sorafenib than by dasatinib and less than additive mutual enhancement in combination. Co-culture with the bone marrow stroma cell line HS-5 increased the viability of untreated CLL cells but did not protect from sorafenib-induced apoptosis. <b><i>Conclusions: </i></b>Sorafenib or dasatinib displayed sigmoidal or saturation-type dose-response relationships for apoptosis induction, which were uniform or highly divergent, respectively, among individual CLL samples and therefore might complement each other in their clinical potential for CLL.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123773
title: Supplementary Material for: Combined Values of Serum Albumin, C-Reactive Protein and Body Mass Index at Dialysis Initiation Accurately Predicts Long-Term Mortality

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Protein-energy wasting and chronic inflammation are prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We investigated the combination of serum albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and body mass index (BMI) at initiation of hemodialysis therapy as a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in Japanese ESRD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 1,228 consecutive Japanese ESRD patients on hemodialysis therapy were enrolled and followed for up to 10 years. Patients were divided into quartiles according to levels of albumin, CRP and BMI. Furthermore, to clarify the joint role of these factors, albumin &lt;3.5 g/dl, CRP &gt;4.0 mg/l and BMI &lt;19.6 were defined as risk factors using receiver operating characteristic analysis; thereafter, patients were divided into groups according to the positive number of these factors. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for lower serum albumin, elevated CRP and lower BMI for 10-year all-cause mortality were 1.97, 3.13 and 2.61, respectively. Regarding the combination of these variables, adjusted HRs for mortality were 2.31, 4.28 and 8.07, respectively, in patients having any one factor, any two factors and all three factors. The C-index for an established risk model with these three positive markers was the most accurate for predicting mortality (0.768), as compared to other models with one or two markers. Similar results were seen for CVD mortality. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Serum albumin, CRP and BMI at the start of hemodialysis therapy were able to individually stratify the risk of long-term mortality in ESRD patients. Furthermore, a combination of these variables could more accurately predict mortality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123776
title: Supplementary Material for: Alternate-Form Reliability of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Screening Test in a Clinical Setting

description: <b><i>Aims:</i></b> The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has gained recognition for its validity in detecting cognitive impairment in several clinical populations. For serial assessments, alternate forms are needed to overcome possible practice effects. Our objective was to investigate the reliability of two German MoCA alternate forms for longitudinal assessment applications. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The original and one of two alternate forms of the MoCA were administered within a 60-min interval of a clinical interview in a counterbalanced order to 100 healthy elderly controls, 30 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 30 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The diagnosis of the majority of patients was supported by in vivo AD pathology biomarkers. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There was a strong correlation between the alternate forms and the original MoCA in all groups, but particularly in the clinical samples. Total mean scores did not differ significantly between the MoCA versions, even taking into account the presentation order. As in previous studies, age and education influenced performance in the MoCA. The same pattern of group differences (controls &gt; MCI &gt; AD) was observed for each of the versions. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> All three forms can be reliably and interchangeably used in serial cognitive assessment, confirming the MoCA’s applicability in research and clinical longitudinal approaches.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123788.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Low-Cost High-Speed Imaging System for Observing Vocal Fold Vibration in Voice Disorders

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The aim of this study was to establish a method to observe vocal fold vibration using a low-cost high-speed laryngeal imaging system. <b><i>Procedures:</i></b> We assembled a high-speed imaging system with a consumer digital camera and a rigid laryngeal endoscope. The camera can shoot digital images at a rate of 1,200 frames per second and be purchased for about USD 1,000 in Japan. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We examined the normal and pathological vocal folds of 215 subjects with our new system and analyzed the vocal fold vibration in these subjects by playback of a video and kymograph images. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our high-speed laryngeal imaging system is highly cost-effective and can be a useful tool for examining the vocal folds of patients with voice disorders.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123779.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Paradoxical Gait at a Narrowed Entrance in a Patient with Hoehn-Yahr Stage III Parkinson’s Disease

description: Recently, we studied fallers and non-fallers with Hoehn-Yahr stage III Parkinson’s disease (PD) using a path that suddenly narrowed, which we originally designed and produced. A risk of future falls was suggested to be related to slow gait with freezing (SGF) elicited by a fear of falling before arrival at a narrowed entrance or while walking on a narrow path, as well as to the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part II score, associated with SGF. In the same study, we had faller patients walk on a path that narrowed in a straight-line fashion to determine whether SGF could be improved. In one patient, who showed a unique paradoxical gait, SGF resolved. We describe this patient in the hope that our experience will provide potential clues to effective ways to prevent future falls in patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage III PD. To prevent gait instability elicited by fear of falling in patients with Hoehn-Yahr stage III PD, it might be useful to remove narrowed entrances.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123770
title: Supplementary Material for: Prevalence, Incidence and Obstetric Factors’ Impact on Female Urinary Incontinence in Europe: A Systematic Review

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> A systematic review of the published data on the prevalence, incidence and risk factors of female urinary incontinence (UI) and obstetric treatment of UI in Europe. <b><i>Data Sources:</i></b> Epidemiologic studies were sought via PubMed to identify articles published in English, French, Spanish, German and Italian between 2000 and September 30, 2010, in Europe. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The prevalence of UI ranged from 14.1 to 68.8% and increased with increasing age. Significant risk factors for UI in pregnancy were maternal age ≥35 years and initial body mass index, a family history of UI and parity. UI in women who delivered ‘at term’ ranged from 26 to 40.2%, with a remission rate of 3 months after childbirth of up to 86.4%. Pelvic floor muscle training may help to prevent postpartum UI in primiparous women without UI during pregnancy. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> UI definition, outcome measures, survey methods and validation criteria are still heterogeneous, and thus it is difficult to compare data and impossible to draw definite conclusions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123761
title: Supplementary Material for: Allometric Scaling of the Optic Tectum in Cartilaginous Fishes

description: In cartilaginous fishes (Chondrichthyes; sharks, skates and rays (batoids), and holocephalans), the midbrain or mesencephalon can be divided into two parts, the dorsal tectum mesencephali or optic tectum (analogous to the superior colliculus of mammals) and the ventral tegmentum mesencephali. Very little is known about interspecific variation in the relative size and organization of the components of the mesencephalon in these fishes. This study examined the relative development of the optic tectum and the tegmentum in 75 chondrichthyan species representing 32 families. This study also provided a critical assessment of attempts to quantify the size of the optic tectum in these fishes volumetrically using an idealized half-ellipsoid approach (method E), by comparing this method to measurements of the tectum from coronal cross sections (method S). Using species as independent data points and phylogenetically independent contrasts, relationships between the two midbrain structures and both brain and mesencephalon volume were assessed and the relative volume of each brain area (expressed as phylogenetically corrected residuals) was compared among species with different ecological niches (as defined by primary habitat and lifestyle). The relatively largest tecta and tegmenta were found in pelagic coastal/oceanic and oceanic sharks, benthopelagic reef sharks, and benthopelagic coastal sharks. The smallest tecta were found in all benthic sharks and batoids and the majority of bathyal (deep-sea) species. These results were consistent regardless of which method of estimating tectum volume was used. We found a highly significant correlation between optic tectum volume estimates calculated using method E and method S. Taxon-specific variation in the difference between tectum volumes calculated using the two methods appears to reflect variation in both the shape of the optic tectum relative to an idealized half-ellipsoid and the volume of the ventricular cavity. Because the optic tectum is the principal termination site for retinofugal fibers arising from the retinal ganglion cells, the relative size of this brain region has been associated with an increased reliance on vision in other vertebrate groups, including bony fishes. The neuroecological relationships between the relative size of the optic tectum and primary habitat and lifestyle we present here for cartilaginous fishes mirror those established for bony fishes; we speculate that the relative size of the optic tectum and tegmentum similarly reflects the importance of vision and sensory processing in cartilaginous fishes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123764
title: Supplementary Material for: Chromosome Evolution in Eulipotyphla

description: We integrated chromosome painting information on 5 core-insectivora species available in the literature with new Zoo-FISH data for Iberian shrew <i>(Sorex granarius)</i> and Altai mole <i>(Talpa altaica)</i>. Our analysis of these 7 species allowed us to determine the chromosomal features of Eulipotyphla genomes and to update the previously proposed ancestral karyotype for 2 main groups of the <i>Sorex </i>genus. The chromosome painting evidence with human painting probes (HSA) reveals the presence of the 2 unique associations HSA4/5 and 1/10p/12/22b, which support Eulipotyphla. There are a series of synapomorphies both for Erinaceidae (HSA3/1/5, 3/17, 11/15 and 10/20) and for Soricinae (HSA5/9, 6/7/16, 8/3/21 and 11/12/22). We found associations that link Talpidae/Erinaceidae (HSA7/8, 1/5 and 1/19p), Talpidae/Soricidae (HSA1/8/4) and Erinaceidae/Soricidae (HSA4/20 and 2/13). Genome conservation in Eulipotyphla was estimated on the basis of the number of evolutionary breaks in the ancestral mammalian chromosomes. In total, 7 chromosomes of the boreo-eutherian ancestor (BEA8 or 10, 9, 17, 18, 20–22) were retained in all eulipotyphlans studied; among them moles show the highest level of chromosome conservation. The integration of sequence data into the chromosome painting information allowed us to further examine the chromosomal syntenies within a phylogenetic perspective. Based on our analysis we offer the most parsimonious reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships in Eulipotyphla. The cytogenetic reconstructions based on these data do not conflict with molecular phylogenies supporting basal position of Talpidae in the order.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123767
title: Supplementary Material for: Natural and Orthogonal Interaction Framework for Modeling Gene-Environment Interactions with Application to Lung Cancer

description: <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We aimed at extending the Natural and Orthogonal Interaction (NOIA) framework, developed for modeling gene-gene interactions in the analysis of quantitative traits, to allow for reduced genetic models, dichotomous traits, and gene-environment interactions. We evaluate the performance of the NOIA statistical models using simulated data and lung cancer data. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The NOIA statistical models are developed for additive, dominant, and recessive genetic models as well as for a binary environmental exposure. Using the Kronecker product rule, a NOIA statistical model is built to model gene-environment interactions. By treating the genotypic values as the logarithm of odds, the NOIA statistical models are extended to the analysis of case-control data. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Our simulations showed that power for testing associations while allowing for interaction using the NOIA statistical model is much higher than using functional models for most of the scenarios we simulated. When applied to lung cancer data, much smaller p values were obtained using the NOIA statistical model for either the main effects or the SNP-smoking interactions for some of the SNPs tested. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The NOIA statistical models are usually more powerful than the functional models in detecting main effects and interaction effects for both quantitative traits and binary traits.