DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2280gb60c
title: Data from: Stress-induced loss of social resilience in honeybee colonies and its implications on fitness

description: Stressors may lead to a shift in the timing of life-history events of
 species causing a mismatch with optimal environmental conditions,
 potentially reducing fitness. In honeybees, the timing of brood rearing
 and nest emergence in late winter/early spring is critical, as colonies
 need to grow fast after winter to prepare for reproduction. However, the
 effects of stress on these life-history events in late winter/early spring
 and the possible consequences are not well understood. Therefore, we
 tested whether (1) honeybee colonies shift timing of brood rearing and
 nest emergence as a response to stressors, and (2) if there is a
 consequent loss of social resilience, reflected in colony fitness
 (survival, growth and reproduction). We monitored stressed (high load of
 the parasitic mite Varroa destructor or nutrition-restricted) colonies and
 presumably non-stressed colonies from the beginning of 2020 till the
 spring of 2021. We found that honeybee colonies do not shift the timing of
 brood rearing and nest emergence in spring as a coping mechanism to
 stressors. However, we show that there is a loss of social resilience in
 stressed colonies, leading to reduced growth and reproduction. Our study
 contributes to a better understanding of the effects of stressors on
 social resilience in eusocial organisms.
description: # Data from: Stress-induced loss of social resilience in honeybee colonies
 and its implications on fitness
 ## Usage notes ### In-hive
 temperature - Figure 1a & Figure 2 In-hive temperature data, measured
 with sensors, used for the analysis of start of brood rearing (Figure 1a)
 and variance in in-hive temperature as a measure of socail resilience
 (Figure 2). temperature- Figure 1a and Figure 2.csv Includes data on *
 colony id (colony) * day (day of year), 1st of January 2021 is day 1 *
 mean in-hive temperature in celsius * period of measurement: pre-brood
 (before start of brood rearing), brood (during brood rearing), post-cold
 (after cold shock experiment) * treatments: control (presumably healthy
 colonies), varroa (high *V. destructor* infested colonies), pollen (pollen
 restricted colonies) ### Foraging activity - Figure 1b Dataset used for
 the analysis of daily total foraging activity of bees, collected from bee
 counters. Results are shown in Figure 1b. foraging activity - Figure
 1b.csv Includes data on * colony id (colony) * treatments: control
 (presumably healthy colonies), varroa (high *V. destructor* infested
 colonies), pollen (pollen restricted colonies) * day (day of year), 1st of
 January 2021 is day 1 * total amount of foraging activity per day
 (incoming and outgoing bees) ### Colony size - Figure 3a Dataset used for
 the analysis of colony size. Results are shown in Figure 3a. spring colony
 size - Figure 3a Includes data on * colony id (colony) * treatments:
 control (presumably healthy colonies), varroa (high *V. destructor*
 infested colonies), pollen (pollen restricted colonies) * month (Spring
 2021) * colony size (total number of bees) ### Brood size - Figure 3b
 Dataset used for the analysis of brood size. Results are shown in Figure
 3b. brood size - Figure 3b.csv Includes data on * colony id (colony) *
 month (Spring 2021) * brood size (total number of brood cells) ### Drone
 brood start - Figure 3c Dataset used for the start of drone brood rearing
 in colonies, expressed in days (start 1st of January). Results are shown
 in Figure 3c. drone brood start - Figure 3c.csv Includes data on * colony
 id (colony) * treatments: control (presumably healthy colonies), varroa
 (high *V. destructor* infested colonies), pollen (pollen restricted
 colonies) * days (days until start of drone brood rearing), 1st of January
 2021 is day 1 ### Drone brood size - Figure 3d Dataset used for the
 analysis of drone brood size. Results are shown in Figure 3d. drone cells
 - Figure 3d.csv Includes data on * colony id (colony) * treatments:
 control (presumably healthy colonies), varroa (high *V. destructor*
 infested colonies), pollen (pollen restricted colonies) * drone brood size
 (total number of drone brood cells) measured in April 2021 Missing values
 are denoted by NA