cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.87d197
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles R1.3: (meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards
title: FAIR R1.3

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles R1.3: (meta)data meet domain-relevant community standards'  states that where community standards or best practices for data archiving and sharing exist, they should be followed. Disciplinary communities often create minimal information standards, reporting guidelines, required terminologies and more. These reporting guidelines and minimal information standards will often describe the minimal set of metadata items required to assess the quality of the data acquisition and processing and to facilitate reproducibility. Note that providing truly rich and reusable metadata often requires richer metadata than these standards might provide. For a list of such standards, FAIRsharing (this registry) can be consulted. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.3e9860
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles R1.2: (meta)data are associated with detailed provenance
title: FAIR R1.2

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles R1.2: (meta)data are associated with detailed provenance' is concerned with information such as how the resource was generated, why it was generated, by whom, under what conditions, using what starting-data or source-resource, using what funding/resources, who owns the data, who should be given credit, and any filters or cleansing processes that have been applied post-generation. Provenance information helps people and machines assess whether a resource meets their criteria for their intended reuse, and what data manipulation procedures may be necessary in order to reuse it appropriately. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.a2cea7
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles F1: (Meta)data are assigned globally unique and persistent identifiers
title: FAIR F1

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  FAIR Principles F1 states that (Meta)data should be assigned globally unique and persistent identifiers that serve as a permanent, machine interpretable reference. As such, this principle also relates to resolvability of the identifiers within FAIR Principle A1. Globally unique means that the identifier is guaranteed to unambiguously refer to the intended resources, making locally uniqueness (e.g. unique within a single, local database) insufficient. Persistence refers to the requirement that this globally unique identifier is never reused in another context, and continues to identify the same resource over time, even if that resource should no longer exist, or moves from one digital environment to another. While global uniqueness is a technical property (i.e., an algorithm that can guarantee with mathematical precision that the issued identifiers are unique), persistence is a social commitment made by the stakeholder responsible for issuing the identifiers, that these identifiers will continue to map to the objects they identify for a defined period of time. Due to the relationship among global uniqueness, persistence and resolvability, please note that the GO FAIR Foundation states that FAIR implementations should have Globally Unique, Persistent and Resolvable Identifiers (GUPRIs). (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.ae22b8
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles I3: (meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data
title: FAIR I3

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles I3: (meta)data include qualified references to other (meta)data' is concerned with the placement of (meta)data within the broader context of the research data ecosystem; knowledge representing a resource is connected to that of other resources to create a meaningfully interlinked network of data and services. A “qualified reference” is a reference to another resource (i.e., referencing that external resource's persistent identifier), in which the nature of the relationship is also clearly specified.  For instance, when multiple versions of a metadata file are available, it may be useful to provide links to prior or next versions using a named relation such as “prior version” or “next version” (using an appropriate community standard relationship that itself conforms to the FAIR principles). This principle therefore also relates to the good practice to clearly distinguish between metadata (files/containers) and the resources they describe. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.7612c1
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles A1.1: the protocol is open, free, and universally implementable
title: FAIR A1.1

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles A1.1: the protocol is open, free, and universally implementable' states that the protocol (mechanism) by which a digital resource is accessed (e.g. queried) should not pose any bottleneck. It describes an access process, hence does not directly pertain to restrictions that apply to using the resource. The protocols underlying the World-Wide Web, such as HTTP, are an archetype for an open, free, and universally implementable protocol. Such protocols reduce the cost of gaining access to digital resources, because they are well defined and open and allow any individual to create their own standards-compliant implementation. That the access to the protocols specifications is free ensures that those lacking monetary means can equitably access the specifications and can implement them without occurring in any monetary obligations. That it is universally implementable ensures that the technology is available to all (and not restricted, for instance, by country or a sub-community), thus encompassing both the 'gratis' and 'libre' meaning of 'free'. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.8e0027
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles A1.2: the protocol allows for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary
title: FAIR A1.2

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles A1.2: the protocol allows for an authentication and authorization procedure, where necessary' is one of the differentiators between FAIR and open data, and that aligning with the FAIR principles does not require openness, but rather that the procedure for access is clearly described. Some digital resources, such as data that have access restrictions based on ethical, legal or contractual constraints, require additional conditions/steps to be accessed. This principle is concerned with evaluation of the requester to confirm identity (authentication), that the requester's profile and credentials match the access conditions of the resource (authorization), and that the intended use matches permitted use cases (e.g. for a particular purpose only) (see also R1.1, where there are requirements to provide explicit documentation about who may use the data, and for what purposes). At the level of technical implementation, an additional authentication and authorization procedure must be specified, if it is not already defined by the protocol (see A1.1). A requester can be a human or a machine agent. In the latter case it is probably a proxy for a human or an organization to which the authentication and authorization protocol should be applied, in which case, the machine should be expected to present the appropriate credentials. The principle requires that a FAIR resource must provide such a protocol, but the protocol itself is not further specified. Although particular implementations of FAIR are up to each community, the GO-FAIR Foundation states that in practice, an Internet of FAIR Data and Services cannot function without implementing Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure, which includes AAI for machines and should thus be Ontology-based and machine actionable. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.0c0d21
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles F4: (meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource
title: FAIR F4

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles F4: (meta)data are registered or indexed in a searchable resource' states that digital resources must be registered or indexed in a searchable resource (e.g., a search engine). The searchable resource provides the infrastructure by which a metadata record (made accessible with a GUPRI, see principle F1) can be discovered, using either the attributes in that metadata (F2) or via the identifier of the resource itself (F3). (Text modified from: see reference URL.)
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.820324
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles F3: Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe
title: FAIR F3

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles F3: Metadata clearly and explicitly include the identifier of the data they describe' is concerned with the identification of described resource within metadata when that metadata is separated from the actual resource it describes. The F3 principle states that any description of a digital resource must contain clearly and explicitly the identifier of that resource being described. This is especially important where the resource and its metadata are stored independently, but are nonetheless persistently linked. Descriptors should explicitly state which resources it describes; but even more than this, digital objects may have structures that disallow the addition of new fields, including fields that could point to the metadata about that resource. Therefore, sometimes the only consistent way for both humans and machines to discover the metadata of a resource is through a search for the identifier of that resource. Although implementation of each principle is up to each community, a note about the GO-FAIR Foundation's interpretation of this principle: that when FAIR principle F3 mentions that the identifier of the object should be explicitly and clearly included in the object's metadata, the GO-FAIR Foundation's interpretation assumes "explicit" refers to the mere presence of the resource's identifier in the content of the metadata record while "clear" refers to having this identifier directly and unambiguously related to the metadata record by means of a known predicate. (Text modified from: see reference URL.)
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.aff99f
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles R1.1: (Meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license
title: FAIR R1.1

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles - R1.1: (Meta)data are released with a clear and accessible data usage license' states that digital resources and their metadata must always, without exception, include a license that describes under which conditions the resource can be used, even if that is “unconditional”. By default, resources cannot be legally used without this clarity. The absence of a license does not indicate “open”, but rather creates legal uncertainty that will deter (in fact, in many cases legally prevent) reuse. Note also that the combination of resources with permissive as well as more restrictive license conditions may lead to adverse effects, and ultimately preclude the use of the combined resources for particular purposes. In order to facilitate reuse, the license chosen should be as open as possible. While the implementation of a FAIR principle is up to each community, note the following addition comments from the GO-FAIR Foundation: 1) if a license that cannot be found by an agent, is effectively the same as no license at all, 2)  beware of licenses that may be different for a data resource and the metadata that describes it, which has implications for the indexing of metadata v.v. findability, 3) this principle also reiterates the need to separate and permalink data and metadata. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.7c4d7f
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles A2: metadata are accessible, even when the data are no longer available
title: FAIR A2

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles A2: metadata are accessible, even when the data are no longer available' focuses on keeping relevant digital resources available in the future. Data may no longer be accessible either by design (e.g. a defined lifespan within limited financial resources or legal requirements to destroy sensitive data) or by accident. However, given that those data may have been used and are referenced by others, it is important that consumers (including machines) have, at the very least, access to high quality and machine actionable metadata that describes those resources sufficiently to minimally understand their nature and their provenance, even when the relevant data are no longer available. This principle relies heavily on the “second purpose” of principle F3 (the metadata record contains the identifier of the data), because in the case where the data record is no longer available, there must be a clear and precise way of discovering its historical metadata record. This aspect of accessibility is further elaborated in the Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.7014eb
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles A1: (meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardized communications protocol
title: FAIR A1

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles A1: (meta)data are retrievable by their identifier using a standardized communications protocol' asserts that there should be no additional barrier to the retrieval of the record by a computational agent when its access protocol (A1.1 & A1.2) results in permitted access to that record. For fully programmatic access, this requires that the identifier (F1) follows a globally-accepted schema that is tied to a standardized, high-level communication protocol. If human agents are involved, it is still necessary that the identifier (F1) be sufficient as a way of unambiguously indicating, to this non-automated agent, the record that is being requested.  The “standardized communication protocol” is critical, as it provides a predictable way for an agent to access a resource, regardless of whether the access to the content of the resource is open or restricted, and regardless of whether that access is automated or aided by human action (e.g., send your request for access by email or telephone). (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.ec5648
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles I1: (meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation
title: FAIR I1

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles I1: (meta)data use a formal, accessible, shared, and broadly applicable language for knowledge representation' is concerned with achieving a “common understanding” of digital resources through a globally understood “language” for machines, with an emphasis on “knowledge” and “knowledge representation”. This becomes critical when many differently formatted resources need to be visited or combined across organizations and countries and is especially challenging for interdisciplinary studies or for meta-analyses, where results from independent organizations, pertaining to the same topic, must be combined. In this context, the principle says that producers of digital resources are required to use a language (i.e., a representation of data/knowledge) that has a defined mechanism for mechanized interpretation – a machine-readable “grammar” – where, for example, the difference between an entity, as well as any relevant relationship between entities, is defined in the structure of the language itself. This allows machines to consume the information with at least a basic “understanding” of its content. It is a step towards a common understanding of digital resources by machines, which is a prerequisite for a functional Internet of FAIR Data and Services. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.821487
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles R1: meta(data) are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes
title: FAIR R1

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles R1: meta(data) are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attributes' focuses on enabling machines and humans to assess if the discovered resource is appropriate for intended reuse, given a specific task. This is in contrast to F2, which at first glance seems similar, however F2 is concerned with enabling effective attribute-based search and query (findability) instead of metadata for reusability. The term “plurality” is used to indicate that the metadata author should be as generous as possible, not narrowly presuming who the secondary consumers might be, and therefore provide as much metadata as possible to support the widest variety of use-cases and agent needs. The sub-principles R1.1, R1.2 and R1.3 further define some critical types of attributes that contribute to R1. (Text modified from: see reference URL.) 
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.b7f1ab
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles F1-GUID: (Meta)data are assigned globally unique identifiers
title: FAIR F1-GUID

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles F1-GUID: (Meta)data are assigned globally unique identifiers' further refines the F1 principle that covers both global uniqueness and persistence to consider only the global uniqueness aspects. Globally unique means that the identifier is guaranteed to unambiguously refer to the intended resources (where 'global' is intended to mean 'universal' as there are described digital assets outside the 'world'). Therefore, it is insufficient for it to be unique only locally (e.g. unique within a single, local database). Global uniqueness is a technical property (i.e., an algorithm that can guarantee with mathematical precision that the issued identifiers are unique). (Text modified from: see reference URL.)
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.25504/fairsharing.e226cb
title: FAIRsharing record for: FAIR Principles F1-PID: (Meta)data are assigned persistent identifiers
title: FAIR F1-PID

description: This FAIRsharing record describes:  'FAIR Principles F1-PID: (Meta)data are assigned persistent identifiers' further refines the F1 principle that covers both global uniqueness and persistence to consider only the persistence aspects. Persistence refers to the requirement that this globally unique identifier is never reused in another context, and continues to identify the same resource over time, even if that resource should no longer exist, or moves from one digital environment to another. Persistence is a social commitment made by the stakeholder responsible for issuing the identifiers, that these identifiers will continue to map to the objects they identify for a defined period of time. (Text modified from: see reference URL.)
description: The source of this description is the metadata record on FAIRsharing.org, an educational and informative resource that describes and links databases, standards, and data policies. FAIRsharing also creates collections of these resources and recommendations of databases and standards based on 3rd party data policies.
DOI: 10.3535/dbv-qw5-2cm
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.