cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318026
title: Meal habits and anthropometric indicators in adolescents from public and private schools of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro

description: ABSTRACT Objective To describe meal consumption habits and assess their associations with anthropometric indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 1,749 elementary and high school students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (mean age=15.3 years), who were selected for the baseline of the Longitudinal Study for Nutritional Assessment of Adolescents. Meal habits and meals consumed in the company of parents were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The consumption of the main meals was categorized as regular (daily) or irregular (≤6 times a week). The meal consumption profile was considered either satisfactory (breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumed on a daily basis) or unsatisfactory. Body Mass Index, waist-to-height ratio, and body fat percentage were calculated. The association between meal consumption habits and anthropometric indicators was estimated using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for age and sex and stratified according to the type of school. Results Regular lunch consumption was more frequent among private schools students, who also had higher frequency of eating dinner irregularly. Among students from private schools, the unsatisfactory meal consumption profile and irregular meal habits were associated with being overweight, having a high waist-to-height ratio, and increased body fat percentage. Among students from public schools, it was observed association between being overweight with irregular breakfast habits. Conclusion In adolescents, the association between meal habits and weight status may be modulated by socioeconomic condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318026.v1
title: Meal habits and anthropometric indicators in adolescents from public and private schools of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro

description: ABSTRACT Objective To describe meal consumption habits and assess their associations with anthropometric indicators. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on 1,749 elementary and high school students from public and private schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (mean age=15.3 years), who were selected for the baseline of the Longitudinal Study for Nutritional Assessment of Adolescents. Meal habits and meals consumed in the company of parents were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The consumption of the main meals was categorized as regular (daily) or irregular (≤6 times a week). The meal consumption profile was considered either satisfactory (breakfast, lunch, and dinner consumed on a daily basis) or unsatisfactory. Body Mass Index, waist-to-height ratio, and body fat percentage were calculated. The association between meal consumption habits and anthropometric indicators was estimated using multivariate logistic regression models, adjusted for age and sex and stratified according to the type of school. Results Regular lunch consumption was more frequent among private schools students, who also had higher frequency of eating dinner irregularly. Among students from private schools, the unsatisfactory meal consumption profile and irregular meal habits were associated with being overweight, having a high waist-to-height ratio, and increased body fat percentage. Among students from public schools, it was observed association between being overweight with irregular breakfast habits. Conclusion In adolescents, the association between meal habits and weight status may be modulated by socioeconomic condition.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318020
title: Risk factors for early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients

description: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors related to ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. From January 2011 to December 2015, a single-center retrospective study including 200 SAH patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) ≥48 h was performed. The clinical data of these patients were collected and analyzed. The age range of the patients were 41–63 and 72 (36%) were male. The Glasgow coma scale score range was 5–15 and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II range was 31–52. One hundred and forty-eight (74%) patients had a World Federation of Neurosurgeons (WNFS) score ≥III. Aneurysm was secured with an endovascular coiling procedure in 168 (84%) patients and 94 (47%) patients presented VAP. Male gender (OR=2.25, 95%CI=1.15–4.45), use of mannitol (OR=3.02, 95%CI=1.53–5.94) and enteral feeding above 20 kcal·kg−1·day−1 (OR=2.90, 95%CI=1.26–6.67) after day 7 were independent factors for VAP. Patients with early-onset VAP had a longer duration of sedation (P=0.03), MV (P=0.001) and ICU length of stay (P=0.003) and a worse Glasgow Outcome Scale score (P&lt;0.001), but did not have a higher death rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318020.v1
title: Risk factors for early-onset ventilator-associated pneumonia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients

description: This study aimed to investigate the risk factors related to ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP) in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients. From January 2011 to December 2015, a single-center retrospective study including 200 SAH patients requiring mechanical ventilation (MV) ≥48 h was performed. The clinical data of these patients were collected and analyzed. The age range of the patients were 41–63 and 72 (36%) were male. The Glasgow coma scale score range was 5–15 and the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II range was 31–52. One hundred and forty-eight (74%) patients had a World Federation of Neurosurgeons (WNFS) score ≥III. Aneurysm was secured with an endovascular coiling procedure in 168 (84%) patients and 94 (47%) patients presented VAP. Male gender (OR=2.25, 95%CI=1.15–4.45), use of mannitol (OR=3.02, 95%CI=1.53–5.94) and enteral feeding above 20 kcal·kg−1·day−1 (OR=2.90, 95%CI=1.26–6.67) after day 7 were independent factors for VAP. Patients with early-onset VAP had a longer duration of sedation (P=0.03), MV (P=0.001) and ICU length of stay (P=0.003) and a worse Glasgow Outcome Scale score (P&lt;0.001), but did not have a higher death rate.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318014
title: From lulismo to antipetismo ? Polarization, partisanship, and electoral behavior in Brazilian presidential elections

description: Abstract Current debates on partisanship and electoral behavior in Brazil have pointed to the growing effect of voters’ party feelings toward the two major presidential parties—PT and PSDB—on presidential vote choice. This article contributes to the literature by casting doubt on recent analyses of party polarization in presidential elections. According to the polarization hypothesis, electoral competition between the PT and the PSDB has led to a growing differentiation among the electorate into two clearly separated and polarized blocs. Nevertheless, we claim that this hypothesis lies on fragile theoretical and empirical foundations. Despite the growing importance of partisan feelings in the explanation of voting behavior in presidential elections, our descriptive and multivariate analyses utilizing the 2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014 ESEB surveys demonstrate that these trends are clearly not associated with an increase in mass polarization. We observe, instead, that ideological differences between tucanos and petistas are rather minimal. Finally, we also find that ideological convergence between the various subgroups of the electorate has grown over time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318014.v1
title: From lulismo to antipetismo ? Polarization, partisanship, and electoral behavior in Brazilian presidential elections

description: Abstract Current debates on partisanship and electoral behavior in Brazil have pointed to the growing effect of voters’ party feelings toward the two major presidential parties—PT and PSDB—on presidential vote choice. This article contributes to the literature by casting doubt on recent analyses of party polarization in presidential elections. According to the polarization hypothesis, electoral competition between the PT and the PSDB has led to a growing differentiation among the electorate into two clearly separated and polarized blocs. Nevertheless, we claim that this hypothesis lies on fragile theoretical and empirical foundations. Despite the growing importance of partisan feelings in the explanation of voting behavior in presidential elections, our descriptive and multivariate analyses utilizing the 2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014 ESEB surveys demonstrate that these trends are clearly not associated with an increase in mass polarization. We observe, instead, that ideological differences between tucanos and petistas are rather minimal. Finally, we also find that ideological convergence between the various subgroups of the electorate has grown over time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318002
title: Development of radiofrequency ablation device for surgical hepatocellular carcinoma treatment in agreement with Brazilian standards

description: Abstract Introduction Many studies have been carried out on the main causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to identify suitable diagnosis methods and treatments to combat the disease. However, high equipment costs and the lack of hepatic-ablation technologies manufactured in Brazil encourage the design and implementation of a solution based on normative principles. Methods The analysis and description of equipment features were the first steps in defining the design requirements and constraints. Equipment functionalities were evaluated with three assays set by NBR-IEC 60601-2-2. Results The assays of output control adjustment accuracy, output control adjustment monotonicity, and signal quality evaluation using the crest factor (CF) for the equipment showed thresholds superior to the aforementioned standard. Conclusion State-of-the-art studies have contributed the equipment construction. The construction process was validated by assays to ensure the equipment functionality with raw materials at acceptable costs. The test results showed the superiority of the equipment in relation to the assays proposed by the standard NBR-IEC 60601-2-2. However, to convert the prototype into a commercial product, other analyses are necessary.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6318002.v1
title: Development of radiofrequency ablation device for surgical hepatocellular carcinoma treatment in agreement with Brazilian standards

description: Abstract Introduction Many studies have been carried out on the main causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to identify suitable diagnosis methods and treatments to combat the disease. However, high equipment costs and the lack of hepatic-ablation technologies manufactured in Brazil encourage the design and implementation of a solution based on normative principles. Methods The analysis and description of equipment features were the first steps in defining the design requirements and constraints. Equipment functionalities were evaluated with three assays set by NBR-IEC 60601-2-2. Results The assays of output control adjustment accuracy, output control adjustment monotonicity, and signal quality evaluation using the crest factor (CF) for the equipment showed thresholds superior to the aforementioned standard. Conclusion State-of-the-art studies have contributed the equipment construction. The construction process was validated by assays to ensure the equipment functionality with raw materials at acceptable costs. The test results showed the superiority of the equipment in relation to the assays proposed by the standard NBR-IEC 60601-2-2. However, to convert the prototype into a commercial product, other analyses are necessary.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317999
title: Protective effect and mechanism of Lactobacillus on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

description: The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of inactivated lactobacillus (ILA) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats. In this experiment, 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, IRI groups, and ILA group. A middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion model was prepared. The rats were killed after 24 hours of recovery of blood flow of cerebral ischemia resulting from 60-min occlusion. The cerebral infarction volume and neurological scores were assayed by staining and behavioral observation. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were assayed by biochemical kits. Cell apoptosis was assayed by Tunnel and the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, IkB, and A20 were assayed by western blot. The neurobehavioral scores in IRI rats were significantly lower compared to the control group while ILA improved the neurobehavioral scores of the ILA groups. The cerebral infarction volume and neural cell apoptosis of rats in the ILA groups decreased significantly compared with those in the IRI group. In addition, MDA level in the ILA groups decreased whereas SOD activity increased compared to the IRI group. Moreover, ILA also inhibited the expression of TLR-4 and promoted the expression of IkB and A20. ILA inhibited the apoptosis of neural cells, decreased cerebral infarction volume, and reduced oxidative stress through inhibition of TLR-4/NF-kappa B signaling, improving neurobehavioral scores. Thus from the present study it was concluded that ILA has protective effect on CIRI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317999.v1
title: Protective effect and mechanism of Lactobacillus on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

description: The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of inactivated lactobacillus (ILA) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats. In this experiment, 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, IRI groups, and ILA group. A middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion model was prepared. The rats were killed after 24 hours of recovery of blood flow of cerebral ischemia resulting from 60-min occlusion. The cerebral infarction volume and neurological scores were assayed by staining and behavioral observation. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were assayed by biochemical kits. Cell apoptosis was assayed by Tunnel and the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, IkB, and A20 were assayed by western blot. The neurobehavioral scores in IRI rats were significantly lower compared to the control group while ILA improved the neurobehavioral scores of the ILA groups. The cerebral infarction volume and neural cell apoptosis of rats in the ILA groups decreased significantly compared with those in the IRI group. In addition, MDA level in the ILA groups decreased whereas SOD activity increased compared to the IRI group. Moreover, ILA also inhibited the expression of TLR-4 and promoted the expression of IkB and A20. ILA inhibited the apoptosis of neural cells, decreased cerebral infarction volume, and reduced oxidative stress through inhibition of TLR-4/NF-kappa B signaling, improving neurobehavioral scores. Thus from the present study it was concluded that ILA has protective effect on CIRI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317993
title: Vertical and horizontal relationships in the process of innovation and learning by interacting: study in an industry cluster

description: Abstract This study sought to examine the vertical and horizontal relationships and the impact of these relationships on the process of innovation and learning by interacting, using a case study in an active industry cluster in Brazil. The methodology procedure was field research with a universe of 36 companies of the lumber industry. The research results helped identify the factors that prevent companies of a cluster from establishing more solid collaboration relationships capable of enhancing competitiveness. It was found that the prevailing mechanism in the business environment of the cluster was learning by doing, obtained from accumulated experiences and skills acquired locally, which allow the definition of adaptations and technological improvements. These findings reveal the need to create spaces inside the companies for learning by interacting and the development of new skills and competencies required for innovation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317993.v1
title: Vertical and horizontal relationships in the process of innovation and learning by interacting: study in an industry cluster

description: Abstract This study sought to examine the vertical and horizontal relationships and the impact of these relationships on the process of innovation and learning by interacting, using a case study in an active industry cluster in Brazil. The methodology procedure was field research with a universe of 36 companies of the lumber industry. The research results helped identify the factors that prevent companies of a cluster from establishing more solid collaboration relationships capable of enhancing competitiveness. It was found that the prevailing mechanism in the business environment of the cluster was learning by doing, obtained from accumulated experiences and skills acquired locally, which allow the definition of adaptations and technological improvements. These findings reveal the need to create spaces inside the companies for learning by interacting and the development of new skills and competencies required for innovation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317990
title: Preliminary results of cervical impedance measurements

description: AbstractIntroduction: In this work, we report the development and initial tests of a measuring system that is used to measure the cervical electrical impedance with the purpose of assessing cervical ripening. The objective is to offer a system that provides real-time information about the cervical electrical impedance and, indirectly, of the cervical ripening with the aim of preventing premature birth. Methods Probes were developed and initial tests were performed. The probes used had electrodes that are far apart, with the assumption that in such cases deeper layers of the cervical tissue are measured. Results Preliminary measurements were performed in a single session on a non-gravid uterus, using as excitation signal a sinusoidal wave with frequency varying from 3 kHz to 100 kHz. Results indicate, as expected, that the magnitude of the impedance is inversely proportional to the frequency, indicating capacitive impedance. Conclusion Preliminary results were very encouraging. However, further measurements must be performed to correlate the impedance to the cervical ripening.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317990.v1
title: Preliminary results of cervical impedance measurements

description: AbstractIntroduction: In this work, we report the development and initial tests of a measuring system that is used to measure the cervical electrical impedance with the purpose of assessing cervical ripening. The objective is to offer a system that provides real-time information about the cervical electrical impedance and, indirectly, of the cervical ripening with the aim of preventing premature birth. Methods Probes were developed and initial tests were performed. The probes used had electrodes that are far apart, with the assumption that in such cases deeper layers of the cervical tissue are measured. Results Preliminary measurements were performed in a single session on a non-gravid uterus, using as excitation signal a sinusoidal wave with frequency varying from 3 kHz to 100 kHz. Results indicate, as expected, that the magnitude of the impedance is inversely proportional to the frequency, indicating capacitive impedance. Conclusion Preliminary results were very encouraging. However, further measurements must be performed to correlate the impedance to the cervical ripening.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317987
title: Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide-grafted sodium alginate and its application in dye removal

description: Abstract A polymeric adsorbent based on sodium alginate (SAG) grafted with polyacrylamide (PAM) (SAG- g-PAM) was synthesized using an ultrasound-assisted method. The addition polymerization was carried out with ammonium persulfate as the initiator, at different acrylamide (AM) concentrations. The SAG-g-PAM copolymers were evaluated by FTIR and 13C NMR spectroscopies, thermogravimetric analysis, grafting efficiency (%GE) and intrinsic viscosity in NaCl solution at 25 °C. Graft copolymers could be obtained in reaction lasting until 10 min by using ultrasound energy with grafting efficiency above 75%. The decolorization efficiency and adsorption capacity of the SAG- g-PAM copolymers were investigated in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). The dye adsorption was pH dependent, and adsorption capacity (69.13 mg/g) maxima was at pH 10. All the graft copolymers have shown the same decolorization efficiency (99%), and the best one for MB removing is the SAG-g-PAM6 (%GE = 75%), since lower acrylamide content is required in the synthesis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317984
title: True polyploid meiosis in the human male

description: Abstract Polyploidy does not usually occur in germinal cells of mammals and other higher vertebrates. We describe a unique example of mosaic autotetraploidy in the meiosis of a human male. Although the original observations were made in the late 1960s, we did not publish them at that time, because we expected to detect further examples that could be described together. However, this did not occur and we have now decided to make the observations available to demonstrate that polyploidy in mammalian male meiosis can arise at a higher frequency than expected by random polyploidization of individual meiotic cells, by either DNA duplication or cell fusion prior to synapsis. This is the first description of a population of primary spermatocytes exhibiting multivalent formation at leptotene /diakinesis in human spermatogenesis, with ring, chain, frying pan and other types of quadrivalents, typical of autotetraploidy. As many of the polyploid configurations showed apoptotic breakdown, it is likely that diploid and/or aneuploid spermatozoa would have rarely or never resulted from this mosaic autotetraploid meiosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6317987.v1
title: Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide-grafted sodium alginate and its application in dye removal

description: Abstract A polymeric adsorbent based on sodium alginate (SAG) grafted with polyacrylamide (PAM) (SAG- g-PAM) was synthesized using an ultrasound-assisted method. The addition polymerization was carried out with ammonium persulfate as the initiator, at different acrylamide (AM) concentrations. The SAG-g-PAM copolymers were evaluated by FTIR and 13C NMR spectroscopies, thermogravimetric analysis, grafting efficiency (%GE) and intrinsic viscosity in NaCl solution at 25 °C. Graft copolymers could be obtained in reaction lasting until 10 min by using ultrasound energy with grafting efficiency above 75%. The decolorization efficiency and adsorption capacity of the SAG- g-PAM copolymers were investigated in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). The dye adsorption was pH dependent, and adsorption capacity (69.13 mg/g) maxima was at pH 10. All the graft copolymers have shown the same decolorization efficiency (99%), and the best one for MB removing is the SAG-g-PAM6 (%GE = 75%), since lower acrylamide content is required in the synthesis.