cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-637-1
title: Diagram MAPD0637

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-638-1
title: Diagram MAPD0638

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-643-1
title: Diagram MAPD0643

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-646-1
title: Diagram MAPD0646

description: Latitudes Circular: The circular presentation of planetary latitudes occurs against a framework of thirteen concentric circles spaced at equal radial intervals. Each space between two succeeding circles represents one degree of the zodiacal band of twelve degrees in width. The middle, or seventh, circle represents the plane of the ecliptic. Against this framework the path of every planet but one, the Sun, appears as a circle that intersects one or more of the circles of the zodiac. The sun's path, because of the text of Pliny, follows a serpentine line that focuses upon the middle circle and passes above and below it to touch the next circle on either side of the middle circle. With the zodiacal circles numbered from 1 to 13, from the center outwards, the moon touches circle 13 on one side of the diagram and circle 1 on the opposite side; this represents Pliny's assignment of twelve degrees for the lunar latitude. The diagram shows Venus extending beyond circle 13 and cutting inside circle 1 to represent Pliny's two degrees beyond the zodiacal width for this planet's latitude. Mercury has a latitude of eight, from circle 11 to circle 3. Mars has a latitude of four in the middle, from circle 9 to circle 5. Jupiter, with three degrees of latitude in Pliny's text, moves from circle 9 to circle 6. Saturn receives two degrees of latitude ``like the sun'' according to Pliny's text. Nowhere does Pliny specify that Saturn has a serpentine path like that ascribed to the sun, and his phrase ``like the sun'' appears to mean the same two degrees as the sun supposedly crosses in the zodiac; most of the diagrams place Saturn's name outside the solar serpentine path and provide no separate circle for the latitude of Saturn.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-647-1
title: Diagram MAPD0647

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-648-1
title: Diagram MAPD0648

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-650-1
title: Diagram MAPD0650

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-654-1
title: Diagram MAPD0654

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-656-1
title: Diagram MAPD0656

description: Latitudes Circular: The circular presentation of planetary latitudes occurs against a framework of thirteen concentric circles spaced at equal radial intervals. Each space between two succeeding circles represents one degree of the zodiacal band of twelve degrees in width. The middle, or seventh, circle represents the plane of the ecliptic. Against this framework the path of every planet but one, the Sun, appears as a circle that intersects one or more of the circles of the zodiac. The sun's path, because of the text of Pliny, follows a serpentine line that focuses upon the middle circle and passes above and below it to touch the next circle on either side of the middle circle. With the zodiacal circles numbered from 1 to 13, from the center outwards, the moon touches circle 13 on one side of the diagram and circle 1 on the opposite side; this represents Pliny's assignment of twelve degrees for the lunar latitude. The diagram shows Venus extending beyond circle 13 and cutting inside circle 1 to represent Pliny's two degrees beyond the zodiacal width for this planet's latitude. Mercury has a latitude of eight, from circle 11 to circle 3. Mars has a latitude of four in the middle, from circle 9 to circle 5. Jupiter, with three degrees of latitude in Pliny's text, moves from circle 9 to circle 6. Saturn receives two degrees of latitude ``like the sun'' according to Pliny's text. Nowhere does Pliny specify that Saturn has a serpentine path like that ascribed to the sun, and his phrase ``like the sun'' appears to mean the same two degrees as the sun supposedly crosses in the zodiac; most of the diagrams place Saturn's name outside the solar serpentine path and provide no separate circle for the latitude of Saturn.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-660-1
title: Diagram MAPD0660

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams
DOI: 10.17171/1-2-662-1
title: Diagram MAPD0662

description: Latitudes Rectangular: The rectangular presentation of latitudes occurs against a grid created by the intersections of 13 equally spaced horizontal lines with 31 equally spaced vertical lines -- a grid of 12 x 30 small squares. While this is the most common framework for the latitudes in this form, the grid may be drawn with different numbers of lines, e.g., 12 x 20. The 13 horizontal lines, which provide 12 intervals vertically, are the critical element in the layout. As in the circular diagram each planet oscillates between two extreme limits, but here the limits are upper and lower horizontals, rather than the inner and outer circles of the circular form. In the rectangular grid, the path of each planet has a regular wavelike pattern as it oscillates between its latitudinal limits. The names of the seven planets appear vertically on the left side of the grid, In accord with Pliny's text, the sun follows a serpentine path in the two middle intervals, or degrees. Saturn is rarely given an independent line of travel, and its name appears next to the Sun's name. The Moon passes from the bottom line to the top line, covering the full band of the zodiac. Venus has an interval from a small distance above the grid to a small distance below the grid, representing Pliny's assignment of two extra degrees, beyond the zodiacal band, to this planet's latitude. Mercury begins its line, according to Pliny's description, five spaces above the central horizontal line and descends to the line that is three spaces below the central horizontal line. Mars begins two spaces below the central and moves as high as the second line above the central horizontal. Jupiter begins three spaces below the central and travels only as high as the central horizontal. The prescribed numbers of degrees of latitude in the Plinian excerpt are often not well represented by the diagrams. While a few diagrams provide a separate line for the latitude of Saturn, the large majority do not. The overall impression of most rectangular latitude diagrams is that of six wavelike lines progressing from left to right across the grid framework.
description: Medieval Diagrams