cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123842
title: Supplementary Material for: Selbstregulation bei Essstörungen und Adipositas – Implikationen für die Behandlung

description: Die Forschung hat gezeigt, dass die Behandlung einzelner Essstörungen wie z.B. der Anorexia nervosa und ungünstigen Essverhaltens bei Adipositas nur begrenzt effektiv ist bzw. dass auch nach Behandlung der Essstörungssymptomatik eine erhöhte Psychopathologie bestehen kann. Daraus ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit, weitere ätiologische und aufrechterhaltende Faktoren zu identifizieren, deren Veränderung die Wirksamkeit der Behandlung optimieren könnte. Ziel des vorliegenden narrativen Reviews ist es, anhand aktueller Befunde darzustellen, welche Rolle die Fähigkeit, Emotionen und Impulse zu regulieren, in der Entwicklung und Aufrechterhaltung von gestörtem Essverhalten spielt. Es ergeben sich Hinweise darauf, dass die Essstörungen Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa, Binge-Eating-Störung und Adipositas sowohl im Kindes- und Jugend- als auch im Erwachsenenalter mit einer verminderten Fähigkeit zur Emotions- und Impulsregulation einhergehen, und dass mangelnde Selbstregulationsfähigkeit im Kindesalter späteres Übergewicht vorhersagt. Bisher liegen keine kontrollierten Studien vor, die über die Wirksamkeit des Einbezugs solcher Komponenten in die Psychotherapie der Essstörungen berichten, es gibt jedoch vielversprechende Hinweise über die Wirksamkeit unspezifischer präventiver Ansätze zur Verbesserung der Selbstregulation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123845
title: Supplementary Material for: Könnten operative Eingriffe die Psychopathologie langfristig besser beeinflussen als evidenzbasierte Psychotherapie? Pro und Contra bariatrischer Chirurgie in der Adipositasbehandlung

description: Medicine
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123836
title: Supplementary Material for: Long-Term Lanreotide Treatment in Six Patients with Congenital Hyperinsulinism

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Medical treatment is a substantial therapeutic measure to achieve glycemic control and prevent hypoglycemic brain damage without surgery in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). However, only few drugs are available and even fewer are approved as a medical therapy to maintain normal blood glucose levels. The established therapies are demanding for caregivers and complicated by different side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms, hypertrichosis, and obesity. Therefore, it is important to develop new strategies to improve blood glucose control. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We report the use of the very-long-acting somatostatin analogue lanreotide autogel in 6 patients with CHI over a mean duration of 40.8 months. Blood glucose levels before and after the start and dosage titration of lanreotide in these patients are compared. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 3 of 6 patients, switching to lanreotide raised mean blood glucose levels and reduced individually as well as overall the risk for hypoglycemic episodes (odds ratio 0.38) significantly. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Lanreotide autogel can be used as an alternative pharmacological treatment and may be beneficial in conservatively treated patients with CHI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123839
title: Supplementary Material for: Interpersonelle Psychotherapie bei Essstörungen: Eine systematische und praxisorientierte Übersicht

description: Die Interpersonelle Psychotherapie (IPT), ursprünglich zur Behandlung unipolarer depressiver Störungen entwickelt, wurde für die Behandlung verschiedener psychischer Störungen adaptiert, darunter die Essstörungen Bulimia nervosa, die Binge-Eating-Störung und die Anorexia nervosa. Die vorliegende systematische und praxisorientierte Übersicht stellt den aktuellen Forschungsstand zur IPT bei Essstörungen hinsichtlich der Wirksamkeit und Prädiktoren zusammen. Mehrere randomisierte klinische Studien legen nahe, dass die IPT bei der Bulimia nervosa zwar weniger schnell wirkt als die Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT), langfristig aber ebenso moderate bis gute Effekte mit ähnlicher Wirkungsweise erzielt. Für die Binge-Eating-Störung weist die IPT dieselbe gute kurz- und langfristige Wirksamkeit wie die KVT auf. Zur Behandlung der Anorexia nervosa legen Initialbefunde im Vergleich zu einem nicht spezifischen supportiven klinischen Management eine mäßige Wirksamkeit der IPT nahe, wobei langfristig Verbesserungen eintreten. Weiterentwicklungen in Konzept, Diagnostik und Vorgehen sowie eine größere wirksamkeits- und prozessbezogene Datenbasis können dazu beitragen, die Effektivität weiter zu optimieren sowie Indikation und Wirkungsweise der IPT für verschiedene Essstörungen zu spezifizieren
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123833
title: Supplementary Material for: Pulse Corticosteroid Therapy for Alopecia Areata: Long-Term Outcome after 10 Years

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Few data are available concerning the efficiency of pulse corticosteroids in alopecia areata (AA).<b><i> Objective:</i></b> Our purpose was to assess the long-term outcomes of patients treated with methylprednisolone bolus. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study included 60 patients treated between 1995 and 2000. The short-term outcomes were analyzed in 2000. The long-term assessment of 30 patients was performed in 2010 by phone questionnaire. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Significant hair regrowth was observed in 10/30 patients at 6 months after the bolus treatment. Half of the plurifocalis AA patients were responders at 6 months, but less than one quarter of alopecia totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU) patients responded. Long-term outcomes were assessed after a mean duration of 12.3 years; 8/10 initial responders had mild or no disease, and 14/20 initial nonresponders had severe AA. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study confirmed the low efficiency, both short- and long-term, of this treatment for AT and AU.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123836.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Long-Term Lanreotide Treatment in Six Patients with Congenital Hyperinsulinism

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Medical treatment is a substantial therapeutic measure to achieve glycemic control and prevent hypoglycemic brain damage without surgery in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). However, only few drugs are available and even fewer are approved as a medical therapy to maintain normal blood glucose levels. The established therapies are demanding for caregivers and complicated by different side effects such as gastrointestinal symptoms, hypertrichosis, and obesity. Therefore, it is important to develop new strategies to improve blood glucose control. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We report the use of the very-long-acting somatostatin analogue lanreotide autogel in 6 patients with CHI over a mean duration of 40.8 months. Blood glucose levels before and after the start and dosage titration of lanreotide in these patients are compared. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 3 of 6 patients, switching to lanreotide raised mean blood glucose levels and reduced individually as well as overall the risk for hypoglycemic episodes (odds ratio 0.38) significantly. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Lanreotide autogel can be used as an alternative pharmacological treatment and may be beneficial in conservatively treated patients with CHI.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123827
title: Supplementary Material for: A Short Introduction to Cytogenetic Studies in Mammals with Reference to the Present Volume

description: Genome diversity has long been studied from the comparative cytogenetic perspective. Early workers documented differences between species in diploid chromosome number and fundamental number. Banding methods allowed more detailed descriptions of between-species rearrangements and classes of differentially staining chromosome material. The infusion of molecular methods into cytogenetics provided a third revolution, which is still not exhausted. Chromosome painting has provided a global view of the translocation history of mammalian genome evolution, well summarized in the contributions to this special volume. More recently, FISH of cloned DNA has provided details on defining breakpoint and intrachromosomal marker order, which have helped to document inversions and centromere repositioning. The most recent trend in comparative molecular cytogenetics is to integrate sequencing information in order to formulate and test reconstructions of ancestral genomes and phylogenomic hypotheses derived from comparative cytogenetics. The integration of comparative cytogenetics and sequencing promises to provide an understanding of what drives chromosome rearrangements and genome evolution in general. We believe that the contributions in this volume, in no small way, point the way to the next phase in cytogenetic studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123830
title: Supplementary Material for: Direct Evidence of Allele-Specific Binding of CTCF and MeCP2 to <b><i>Tsix</i></b> in a HPRT-Deficient Female F<sub>1</sub> Hybrid Mouse Cell Line

description: Mammalian dosage compensation requires silencing of one of the two X chromosomes in females and is controlled by the X inactivation center (Xic). Xic contains many of the regulatory elements for the mutual interplay of X-inactive specific transcript <i>(Xist)</i> and <i>Tsix</i>, the antisense counterpart of <i>Xist</i>. The regulatory elements control X chromosome inactivation (XCI) via the formation of DNA-DNA and DNA-protein complexes with <i>cis</i>- and <i>trans</i>-acting factors. However, the process-dependent regulation of <i>Xist/Tsix</i> by these elements in each XCI process remains largely unknown. In this study, a 6-thioguanine-resistant female F<sub>1</sub> hybrid mouse cell line (designated HOBMSKI2) was constructed from a cross between a female HPRT-deficient transgenic mouse (designated BM3) and a male wild type <i>Mus spretus</i> mouse (designated MS), which enabled the direct discrimination of both allele-specific expression of X-linked genes and allele-specific binding of proteins associated with XCI due to DNA polymorphisms between BM3 and MS. Using this cell line, we found that <i>Tsix</i> on the active X chromosome (Xa) was not expressed in somatic cells despite the fact that CTCF, which ensures <i>Tsix</i> expression in embryonic stem cells, was still bound to the 5′ end of <i>Tsix</i> on Xa, implying that CTCF may function differently during each XCI process and its <i>trans</i>-activating activity for <i>Tsix</i> expression may be lost in the maintenance process. In addition, the monoallelic expression of <i>Tsix</i> on Xa was inhibited by epigenetic modification of the chromatin in the maintenance process, which was mediated by protein complexes recruited by MeCP2. The results indicate the value of HOBMSKI2 in directly detecting the allele-specific binding of CTCF and MeCP2 to the 5′ end of <i>Tsix</i>. The HOBMSKI2 mouse line is a versatile and useful resource for studying the molecular mechanism of the XCI process.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123821
title: Supplementary Material for: β-Adrenergic Signaling Regulates Evolutionarily Derived Sleep Loss in the Mexican Cavefish

description: Sleep is a fundamental behavior exhibited almost universally throughout the animal kingdom. The required amount and circadian timing of sleep differs greatly between species in accordance with habitats and evolutionary history. The Mexican blind cavefish, <i>Astyanax mexicanus, </i>is a model organism for the study of adaptive morphological and behavioral traits. In addition to loss of eyes and pigmentation, cave populations of <i>A. mexicanus </i>exhibit evolutionarily derived sleep loss and increased vibration attraction behavior, presumably to cope with a nutrient-poor environment. Understanding the neural mechanisms of evolutionarily derived sleep loss in this system may reveal critical insights into the regulation of sleep in vertebrates. Here we report that blockade of β-adrenergic receptors with propranolol rescues the decreased-sleep phenotype of cavefish. This effect was not seen with α-adrenergic antagonists. Treatment with selective β1-, β2-, and β3-antagonists revealed that the increased sleep observed with propranolol could partially be explained via the β1-adrenergic system. Morphological analysis of catecholamine circuitry revealed conservation of gross catecholaminergic neuroanatomy between surface and cave morphs. Taken together, these findings suggest that evolutionarily derived changes in adrenergic signaling underlie the reduced sleep of cave populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123824
title: Supplementary Material for: Carotid Artery Stenosis as a Cause of Stroke

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Population-based studies have estimated that about 15% of ischemic strokes are caused by large-vessel cerebrovascular disease. We determined the types of large-vessel atherosclerosis responsible for ischemic strokes in a population-based stroke study. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients with first-ever or recurrent ischemic stroke in the Greater Cincinnati area were identified during 2005 at all local hospitals. Study physicians assigned ischemic stroke subtypes. Overall event rates and incidence rates for first-ever events were calculated, and age-, race- and sex-adjusted to the 2000 US population. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were 2,204 ischemic strokes, including 365 strokes of large-vessel subtype (16.6% of all ischemic strokes). Extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis was associated with 8.0% of all ischemic strokes, while extracranial ICA occlusion and intracranial atherosclerosis were each associated with 3.5% of strokes. The annual rate of first-ever and recurrent stroke attributed to extracranial ICA was 13.4 (11.4–15.4) per 100,000 persons. We conservatively estimate that about 41,000 strokes may be attributed to extracranial ICA stenosis annually in the United States. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Large-vessel atherosclerosis is an important cause of stroke, with extracranial ICA stenosis being significantly more common than extracranial ICA occlusion or intracranial atherosclerotic disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123830.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Direct Evidence of Allele-Specific Binding of CTCF and MeCP2 to <b><i>Tsix</i></b> in a HPRT-Deficient Female F<sub>1</sub> Hybrid Mouse Cell Line

description: Mammalian dosage compensation requires silencing of one of the two X chromosomes in females and is controlled by the X inactivation center (Xic). Xic contains many of the regulatory elements for the mutual interplay of X-inactive specific transcript <i>(Xist)</i> and <i>Tsix</i>, the antisense counterpart of <i>Xist</i>. The regulatory elements control X chromosome inactivation (XCI) via the formation of DNA-DNA and DNA-protein complexes with <i>cis</i>- and <i>trans</i>-acting factors. However, the process-dependent regulation of <i>Xist/Tsix</i> by these elements in each XCI process remains largely unknown. In this study, a 6-thioguanine-resistant female F<sub>1</sub> hybrid mouse cell line (designated HOBMSKI2) was constructed from a cross between a female HPRT-deficient transgenic mouse (designated BM3) and a male wild type <i>Mus spretus</i> mouse (designated MS), which enabled the direct discrimination of both allele-specific expression of X-linked genes and allele-specific binding of proteins associated with XCI due to DNA polymorphisms between BM3 and MS. Using this cell line, we found that <i>Tsix</i> on the active X chromosome (Xa) was not expressed in somatic cells despite the fact that CTCF, which ensures <i>Tsix</i> expression in embryonic stem cells, was still bound to the 5′ end of <i>Tsix</i> on Xa, implying that CTCF may function differently during each XCI process and its <i>trans</i>-activating activity for <i>Tsix</i> expression may be lost in the maintenance process. In addition, the monoallelic expression of <i>Tsix</i> on Xa was inhibited by epigenetic modification of the chromatin in the maintenance process, which was mediated by protein complexes recruited by MeCP2. The results indicate the value of HOBMSKI2 in directly detecting the allele-specific binding of CTCF and MeCP2 to the 5′ end of <i>Tsix</i>. The HOBMSKI2 mouse line is a versatile and useful resource for studying the molecular mechanism of the XCI process.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123833.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Pulse Corticosteroid Therapy for Alopecia Areata: Long-Term Outcome after 10 Years

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Few data are available concerning the efficiency of pulse corticosteroids in alopecia areata (AA).<b><i> Objective:</i></b> Our purpose was to assess the long-term outcomes of patients treated with methylprednisolone bolus. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This study included 60 patients treated between 1995 and 2000. The short-term outcomes were analyzed in 2000. The long-term assessment of 30 patients was performed in 2010 by phone questionnaire. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Significant hair regrowth was observed in 10/30 patients at 6 months after the bolus treatment. Half of the plurifocalis AA patients were responders at 6 months, but less than one quarter of alopecia totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU) patients responded. Long-term outcomes were assessed after a mean duration of 12.3 years; 8/10 initial responders had mild or no disease, and 14/20 initial nonresponders had severe AA. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This study confirmed the low efficiency, both short- and long-term, of this treatment for AT and AU.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123818
title: Supplementary Material for: The Search for Secreted Proteins in Prostate Cancer by the <b><i>Escherichia coli</i></b> Ampicillin Secretion Trap: Expression of NBL1 Is Highly Restricted to the Prostate and Is Related to Cancer Progression

description: <b><i>Aims:</i></b> Genes expressed only in cancer tissue or specific organs will be useful molecular markers. To identify genes that encode secreted proteins present in prostate cancer (PCa), we generated <i>Escherichia coli</i> ampicillin secretion trap (CAST) libraries from PCa and normal prostate (NP). <b><i>Methods and Results:</i></b> We identified 15 candidate genes that encode secreted proteins present in PCa and NP. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that <i>MSMB</i>, <i>NBL1</i> and <i>AZGP1</i> were expressed with much higher specificity in PCa and NP than in 14 other kinds of normal tissue. We focused on <i>NBL1</i>, which was originally identified as a putative tumor suppressor gene. Western blot analysis revealed that NBL1 protein was highly expressed in both cell lysate and culture media of the DU145 PCa cell line. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that NBL1 expression was highly detected in and restricted to NP and PCa and was significantly down-regulated in PCa. NBL1 expression was significantly reduced according to the tumor stage, Gleason grade and preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> NBL1 is a secreted protein that is highly restricted to the prostate. Underexpression of NBL1 correlated with PCa progression. NBL1 might be a candidate tumor marker for PCa in addition to PSA.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123821.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: β-Adrenergic Signaling Regulates Evolutionarily Derived Sleep Loss in the Mexican Cavefish

description: Sleep is a fundamental behavior exhibited almost universally throughout the animal kingdom. The required amount and circadian timing of sleep differs greatly between species in accordance with habitats and evolutionary history. The Mexican blind cavefish, <i>Astyanax mexicanus, </i>is a model organism for the study of adaptive morphological and behavioral traits. In addition to loss of eyes and pigmentation, cave populations of <i>A. mexicanus </i>exhibit evolutionarily derived sleep loss and increased vibration attraction behavior, presumably to cope with a nutrient-poor environment. Understanding the neural mechanisms of evolutionarily derived sleep loss in this system may reveal critical insights into the regulation of sleep in vertebrates. Here we report that blockade of β-adrenergic receptors with propranolol rescues the decreased-sleep phenotype of cavefish. This effect was not seen with α-adrenergic antagonists. Treatment with selective β1-, β2-, and β3-antagonists revealed that the increased sleep observed with propranolol could partially be explained via the β1-adrenergic system. Morphological analysis of catecholamine circuitry revealed conservation of gross catecholaminergic neuroanatomy between surface and cave morphs. Taken together, these findings suggest that evolutionarily derived changes in adrenergic signaling underlie the reduced sleep of cave populations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123824.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Carotid Artery Stenosis as a Cause of Stroke

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Population-based studies have estimated that about 15% of ischemic strokes are caused by large-vessel cerebrovascular disease. We determined the types of large-vessel atherosclerosis responsible for ischemic strokes in a population-based stroke study. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients with first-ever or recurrent ischemic stroke in the Greater Cincinnati area were identified during 2005 at all local hospitals. Study physicians assigned ischemic stroke subtypes. Overall event rates and incidence rates for first-ever events were calculated, and age-, race- and sex-adjusted to the 2000 US population. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There were 2,204 ischemic strokes, including 365 strokes of large-vessel subtype (16.6% of all ischemic strokes). Extracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis was associated with 8.0% of all ischemic strokes, while extracranial ICA occlusion and intracranial atherosclerosis were each associated with 3.5% of strokes. The annual rate of first-ever and recurrent stroke attributed to extracranial ICA was 13.4 (11.4–15.4) per 100,000 persons. We conservatively estimate that about 41,000 strokes may be attributed to extracranial ICA stenosis annually in the United States. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Large-vessel atherosclerosis is an important cause of stroke, with extracranial ICA stenosis being significantly more common than extracranial ICA occlusion or intracranial atherosclerotic disease.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5123812
title: Supplementary Material for: Sex-Biased miRNA Expression in Atlantic Halibut <b><i>(Hippoglossus hippoglossus)</i></b> Brain and Gonads

description: The role of miRNA in fish sexual development is not elucidated yet. We profiled miRNAs in gonads and brains of Atlantic halibut using SOLiD sequencing technology. We found tissue- and sexually dimorphic expression of several miRNAs, including miR-29a, miR-34, miR-143, miR-145, miR-202-3p, miR-451, and miR-2188. miR-9 and miR-202 were abundant in brain and gonads, respectively. In the next step, we selected some miRNAs showing differential expression patterns between sexes and performed RT-qPCR on 3 age groups: juveniles, 3-year-, and 5-year-olds. In brains, miR-451 was significantly down-regulated in juveniles compared to adults. let-7a, miR-143, and miR-202-3p were up-regulated in gonads of mature males compared to immature females at the same age. We investigated the effect of suppressing aromatase cytochrome P450 enzyme on miRNA expression at the onset of sex differentiation through masculinization with Fadrozole or 17-α-methyltestosterone. We found significant differences in miRNA expression between masculinized individuals and untreated controls. miR-202-3p was significantly down-regulated in female juveniles compared to male juveniles. The expression levels of let-7a and miR-451 were restored after termination of the masculinization treatment. Our data give a first insight into miRNA involvement in sexual development in teleosts.