cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139970em
title: Korean laundry, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "This is a Korean 'Steam Laundry' run by hand. The work is done in any stream or at the mouth of the well. Since the water flows back into the stream or soaks down the edges of the well you can see why all wise people in Korea drink only boiled water. 'Better to be a microbe cemetery than a microbe menagerie.' If nothing better is available, the stream which serves as the city sewer will do. No washboards lighten the labor. Stones are used, upon which the clothes are beaten. The good housewife can imagine better than we can describe, what mending day must mean when the wash comes home from the laundry.Goods are graded as three wash, four wash and five wash goods, according to the number of times they will stand going to the laundry." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139970f7
title: Spirit house on hill above Haiju, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "Many of the spirit houses are beautifully situated. To the left of this one was the far sweep of the sea; to the right, the Haiju mountains; below, the valley and city of Haiju. In the midst of all this beauty and majesty stands this rude spirit house.On the day when this particular picture was taken, there were in front of the spirit pictures, on a rude altar, offerings of vegetables and meat, some in advanced stages of decay. A throng of women surrounded a whirling sorceress and her assistants who were beating upon drums and cymbals.Four years later the same spirit house was still standing, but partly in ruins and practically deserted except for the old sorceress, who was also the keeper of the house, and a group of three or four old women, who still clung to the old superstition and occasionally came here to make sacrifice." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-c48-1643
title: V.W. Peters, letter, 1940.1.15, Kimhwa, Korea, to Father, Rosemead, California, USA

description: The Reverend V.W. Peters Collection consists principally of correspondence from Dr. Victor Wellington Peters to his parents while he was a missionary in Korea from 1928 to 1940.Dr. Victor Wellington Peters was born September 29, 1902 in Kansas City, Missouri, and died August 12, 2012. Attended UCLA and USC -- B.A., 1924; Princeton Seminary, 1924-1928. Missionary to Korea, August 29, 1928 - January 1941. Married February 12, 1938 Hahn Heung Bok in Kimhwa church, Korea. Four children, 8 grandchildren, 24 great-grandchildren, 2 great-great-grandchildren. Accomplished speaker, preacher, writer, artist, teacher who continued to minister to and inspire the Korean people. Associate pastor and teacher at Los Angeles, California churches from 1941-1982: Korean Methodist Church, Trinity Methodist Church, First Church of the Nazarene; 1959-1967 taught in Azusa Pacific University; and 1999-2004 mentored Korean doctoral students at Fuller Theological Seminary.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29413948
title: Evaluating the effectiveness of chatbots and traditional resources in patient education on dry eye disease

description: Artificial intelligence chatbots demonstrate potential as valuable educational resources for patients with dry eye disease, offering complementary information to established medical platforms. The increasing prevalence of dry eye disease necessitates reliable and comprehensible patient information resources. This study evaluates and compares the quality of information provided by contemporary AI chatbots with established ophthalmological sources. Three leading AI chatbots (ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, and Llama) and the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) website were systematically evaluated using 20 common patient questions about dry eye disease. Responses were assessed for accuracy using the Structure of Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO) taxonomy, understandability and actionability using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT), and linguistic accessibility using Flesch-Kincaid readability metrics. Gemini demonstrated superior understandability with a mean PEMAT-U score of 73.4 ± 11.4, significantly higher than ChatGPT (65.4 ± 10.6), Llama (63.4 ± 10.3), and AAO (52.5 ± 19.3) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were observed in actionability scores (<i>p</i> = 0.120). The AAO website exhibited the highest reading ease score (50.4 ± 17.9, <i>p</i> = 0.015). For accuracy assessment, ChatGPT achieved the highest mean SOLO score (3.4 ± 0.7), followed closely by Gemini (3.3 ± 0.8), with no significant performance differences detected among chatbots (<i>p</i> = 0.574). No instances of incorrect or potentially harmful information were identified across any evaluated source. While AI chatbots demonstrate promising capabilities for patient education in dry eye disease, particularly in providing comprehensive and understandable information, their higher linguistic complexity presents a potential accessibility barrier. Future development should focus on enhancing readability while maintaining comprehensive content, positioning chatbots as valuable complements to – rather than replacements for – professional medical consultation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29413948.v1
title: Evaluating the effectiveness of chatbots and traditional resources in patient education on dry eye disease

description: Artificial intelligence chatbots demonstrate potential as valuable educational resources for patients with dry eye disease, offering complementary information to established medical platforms. The increasing prevalence of dry eye disease necessitates reliable and comprehensible patient information resources. This study evaluates and compares the quality of information provided by contemporary AI chatbots with established ophthalmological sources. Three leading AI chatbots (ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, and Llama) and the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) website were systematically evaluated using 20 common patient questions about dry eye disease. Responses were assessed for accuracy using the Structure of Observed Learning Outcome (SOLO) taxonomy, understandability and actionability using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT), and linguistic accessibility using Flesch-Kincaid readability metrics. Gemini demonstrated superior understandability with a mean PEMAT-U score of 73.4 ± 11.4, significantly higher than ChatGPT (65.4 ± 10.6), Llama (63.4 ± 10.3), and AAO (52.5 ± 19.3) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were observed in actionability scores (<i>p</i> = 0.120). The AAO website exhibited the highest reading ease score (50.4 ± 17.9, <i>p</i> = 0.015). For accuracy assessment, ChatGPT achieved the highest mean SOLO score (3.4 ± 0.7), followed closely by Gemini (3.3 ± 0.8), with no significant performance differences detected among chatbots (<i>p</i> = 0.574). No instances of incorrect or potentially harmful information were identified across any evaluated source. While AI chatbots demonstrate promising capabilities for patient education in dry eye disease, particularly in providing comprehensive and understandable information, their higher linguistic complexity presents a potential accessibility barrier. Future development should focus on enhancing readability while maintaining comprehensive content, positioning chatbots as valuable complements to – rather than replacements for – professional medical consultation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29614578
title: Frequency and causes of visual impairment in people attending outreach clinics in Zambia

description: Preventable visual impairment and blindness represent significant global public health challenges. Expanding access to high-volume eye care services in underserved areas may reduce visual impairment and blindness. Visual impairment negatively impacts quality of life, education, and employability, but is often treatable with management following a basic eye examination. Access to basic eyecare in Zambia is limited. Vision Action, a UK-based non-governmental organisation, facilitates eyecare services in Zambia to reduce rectifiable visual impairment by supporting government outreach clinics in underserved communities. This study examines the frequency of presenting visual impairment, uncorrected refractive error, and ocular pathology among outreach clinic attendees in Zambia. A retrospective analysis of outreach clinic records between 2012 and 2015 was performed. The available data include patient demographics, presenting symptoms, presenting level of vision, and classification of any ocular pathology present. Levels of visual impairment were categorised according to the World Health Organization's classification for blindness and visual impairment. Data from 5809 patients were collected (58.5% female, mean age = 41.9 years, SD = 20.7 years). Presenting vision, in the better eye, was classified as ‘moderate visual impairment’ in 14.2% (<i>n</i> = 766), ‘severe visual impairment’ in 0.3% (<i>n</i> = 15) and ‘blind’ in 4.3% (<i>n</i> = 234) of individuals. Uncorrected refractive error was responsible for 62.4% and 57.0% of blindness and severe visual impairment, respectively. Cataract, corneal scarring, and glaucoma were the most common non-refractive ocular pathologies associated with visual impairment. Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment in patients presenting to outreach clinics in Zambia and is particularly significant in a predominantly working-age population. Outreach clinics are an effective method of detecting and treating correctable visual impairment in this population. However, there is a need to expand and enhance primary eyecare services to reduce the burden of visual impairment, through management of uncorrected refractive error.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29614578.v1
title: Frequency and causes of visual impairment in people attending outreach clinics in Zambia

description: Preventable visual impairment and blindness represent significant global public health challenges. Expanding access to high-volume eye care services in underserved areas may reduce visual impairment and blindness. Visual impairment negatively impacts quality of life, education, and employability, but is often treatable with management following a basic eye examination. Access to basic eyecare in Zambia is limited. Vision Action, a UK-based non-governmental organisation, facilitates eyecare services in Zambia to reduce rectifiable visual impairment by supporting government outreach clinics in underserved communities. This study examines the frequency of presenting visual impairment, uncorrected refractive error, and ocular pathology among outreach clinic attendees in Zambia. A retrospective analysis of outreach clinic records between 2012 and 2015 was performed. The available data include patient demographics, presenting symptoms, presenting level of vision, and classification of any ocular pathology present. Levels of visual impairment were categorised according to the World Health Organization's classification for blindness and visual impairment. Data from 5809 patients were collected (58.5% female, mean age = 41.9 years, SD = 20.7 years). Presenting vision, in the better eye, was classified as ‘moderate visual impairment’ in 14.2% (<i>n</i> = 766), ‘severe visual impairment’ in 0.3% (<i>n</i> = 15) and ‘blind’ in 4.3% (<i>n</i> = 234) of individuals. Uncorrected refractive error was responsible for 62.4% and 57.0% of blindness and severe visual impairment, respectively. Cataract, corneal scarring, and glaucoma were the most common non-refractive ocular pathologies associated with visual impairment. Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of blindness and visual impairment in patients presenting to outreach clinics in Zambia and is particularly significant in a predominantly working-age population. Outreach clinics are an effective method of detecting and treating correctable visual impairment in this population. However, there is a need to expand and enhance primary eyecare services to reduce the burden of visual impairment, through management of uncorrected refractive error.
DOI: 10.25549/kda-c48-1644
title: V.W. Peters, letter, 1940.1.15, Kimhwa, Korea, to Father, Rosemead, California, USA

description: The Reverend V.W. Peters Collection consists principally of correspondence from Dr. Victor Wellington Peters to his parents while he was a missionary in Korea from 1928 to 1940.Dr. Victor Wellington Peters was born September 29, 1902 in Kansas City, Missouri, and died August 12, 2012. Attended UCLA and USC -- B.A., 1924; Princeton Seminary, 1924-1928. Missionary to Korea, August 29, 1928 - January 1941. Married February 12, 1938 Hahn Heung Bok in Kimhwa church, Korea. Four children, 8 grandchildren, 24 great-grandchildren, 2 great-great-grandchildren. Accomplished speaker, preacher, writer, artist, teacher who continued to minister to and inspire the Korean people. Associate pastor and teacher at Los Angeles, California churches from 1941-1982: Korean Methodist Church, Trinity Methodist Church, First Church of the Nazarene; 1959-1967 taught in Azusa Pacific University; and 1999-2004 mentored Korean doctoral students at Fuller Theological Seminary.
DOI: 10.25549/kda-c48-2850
title: V.W. Peters, letter, 1940.1.24, Kimhwa, Korea, to Father, Rosemead, California, USA

description: Includes: Mission meeting, minutes, January 1940.
DOI: 10.25549/kda-c48-2853
title: V.W. Peters, letter, 1940.1.24, Kimhwa, Korea, to Father, Rosemead, California, USA

description: Includes: Mission meeting, minutes, January 1940.
DOI: 10.25549/kda-c48-2397
title: V.W. Peters, letter, 1940.2.11, Kimhwa, Korea, to Father, Rosemead, California, USA

description: Includes: Hahn Heung "Ruth" Peters, letter, 1940.2.11, Kimhwa, Korea, to Father (Dr. Fredus N. Peters), Rosemead, California, USA; Korea Mission Methodist Episcopal Church, South (L.H. Snyder), letter, 1940.2.2, to V.H. Peters, Kimhwa, Korea; Korea Mission Field (Alice R. Appenzeller), letter, 1940.2.3, Ewha College, Seoul, Korea, to V.W. Peters, Kimhwa, Korea.
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139970hc
title: Exposition train, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "There are a number of modern industrial schools in which the Korean youths are being trained. To awaken interest, industrial exposition trains go from one end of Korea to the other. As they stop at various stations, the people come in large numbers from the surrounding territory. Schools adjourn and attend in a body. There is real educational value in the plan.Unfortunately the great tobacco and cigarette firms of the West have been most alert to use the opportunities thus offered. On one of the cars can be seen the sign of the British and American Tobacco Company. About the time that China started her war on opium this company declared its purpose to put a cigarette in the mouth of every Chinese man, woman and child who could hold a match and light it.They also did this in Korea but were not destined to reap the full benefits of their advertising campaign. Tobacco is now a government monopoly throughout the Japanese Empire." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139970ju
title: High school class, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "It is imperative that we train leaders for the new civilization, therefore, our schools must carry the training beyond the grammar grades. This is a class in one of our high schools. Our system reaches up into the college and technical schools, that we may have a trained leadership.The three who are wearing hats are married students. They marry young in Korea and even in our middle schools there are boys who wear the hats that indicate that they are married." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139970kc
title: General sunday school meeting in Seoul, Korea, 1914

description: "Not only are we training the youths in secular learning but also in the Bible.The changes wrought by the Gospel of Jesus Christ are far more remarkable than those brought about by the introduction of telephones, railroads, automobiles and electric lights.When the delegates of the World’s Sunday School Association visited Korea in 1914, this rally of the Sunday-schools of Seoul was held in the old palace grounds. They represent the tens of thousands of Sunday school students in Korea, and the hundreds of thousands of converts who have been freed from the domination and fear of evil spirits and brought into the fellowship of the Children of God." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-c48-2228
title: Large Bible Institute group, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "Relatively few Korean men and women have had any opportunity to go to school, but they are eager for instruction. Once a year they are gathered into Bible Institutes for a week or ten days of training. They come in large numbers. Some of them walk long distances and endure great privation for the joy of learning more of God’s Word, that they may return to their humble villages and teach others about the Christian way.There are many of these classes for men as well as women. Probably the total attendance for all the Missions in Korea reaches 50,000 a year. Here we have a Woman’s Institute. Recently in Pyeng Yang 320 women assembled to study in one of these self-supporting Bible Institutes." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139970kn
title: Dr. J. Garfield Anderson operating, Wonju, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "Another hospital for men was built by the Swedish Methodists of America and Sweden for Dr. J. Garfield Anderson, the son of one of our Swedish Methodist ministers of the Central Swedish Conference. It is located in Wonju, a lonely but interesting mission station in the mountains, to which we have already alluded. It is a fine, though small hospital, in a most needy district. When this picture was taken, Dr. Anderson had to operate on a wooden table in his dispensary room. His operating room had not yet been furnished. This reveals some of the embarrassments under which our medical men are compelled to work.Funds for adequate hospital equipment are most urgently needed for all our medical stations.During a recent absence of Dr. Anderson on furlough, his hospital had to be closed because there was no one to take charge of it in his absence. Many country people made long trips to the hospital to be healed, only to find it closed. This is one of the tragedies of an inadequate staff." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/rbm-ouc1613338
title: The North American Indian, vol. 12 supplement

description: 36 plates supplementing volume twelve of The North American Indian.
DOI: 10.25549/rbm-ouc1613323
title: The North American Indian, vol. 12 supplement

description: 36 plates supplementing volume twelve of The North American Indian.
DOI: 10.25549/rbm-ouc1613346
title: The North American Indian, vol. 12 supplement

description: 36 plates supplementing volume twelve of The North American Indian.
DOI: 10.25549/rbm-ouc1613055
title: The North American Indian, vol. 1

description: Materials from USC Special Collections including rare books, manuscripts, prints and posters.
DOI: 10.25549/rbm-ouc1613061
title: The North American Indian, vol. 1

description: Materials from USC Special Collections including rare books, manuscripts, prints and posters.
DOI: 10.25549/kda-c48-2231
title: East Gate Church, Seoul, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "Here is another church with a record that should spur us on. It is the East Gate Church, Seoul. This church started in the little building which appears at the left of the road just beyond the covered well. Its membership grew to 700 and the congregation had to worship in relays.The new church building on the hill cost about five thousand dollars gold and houses also the Boys’ School.Through the voluntary work of its membership the Gospel is being preached in one hundred and forty villages around the city." -- Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139975b3
title: Tiled city church, Korea, 1908-1922

description: "And it will not be long before a more prosperous village boasts of a tiled-roof structure like this. The Methodist Episcopal Church has 475 organized churches throughout its territory in Korea, besides a large number of preaching points. These churches have a value of more than $350,000. The membership is about 22,000 Christians, or an average of about 50 members to each church not counting enrolled seekers. Korean Christians give willingly of their substance in forwarding the work of Christ and of his church." -- Korea: the ex-hermit. Chicago, Illinois, USA: The Methodist Episcopal Church Committee on Conservation and Advance, [1919?].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-m65
title: The Reverend Corwin & Nellie Taylor Collection

description: "The photographic images in this collection were preserved for posterity by Rev. Corwin Taylor and his wife Nellie Blood-Taylor of Fort Dodge, Iowa, Methodist missionaries to Korea, 1908 to about 1922. Mr. & Mrs. Taylor are in the missionary group photo dated 1914. Nellie is at the extreme right, 2nd woman up from the bottom, her hair parted down the middle. Corwin is immediately to her right, holding a young son, Wilson, who, in turn, is the father of Ewing Taylor (donor of this collection).""These digital images are donated to the Korean Heritage Library at the University Park Campus of the University Of Southern California, Los Angeles California, by Corwin/Nellie grandson Ewing Bevard Taylor of Rockville, Maryland. This project was undertaken by EBT at the behest of journalist Kyung Won Lee of Rancho Cordova, California. Digital copying work by James Ritchie Jacocks (James Ritchie Associates) of Washington Grove, Maryland.""The original b&w prints and hand-colored slides/transparencies from which the digital images have been made, and the photo descriptions/documentation, were produced by/for the Methodist Episcopal Church, Committee On Conservation And Advance, Chicago Illinois, and distributed to church missionaries." -- Ewing Bevard Taylor, April 2005.
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139970li
title: Korea slide lecture, 1917-1922

description: Korea slide lecture (Methodist Episcopal Mission), [1917-1922].
DOI: 10.25549/kda-ouc1139977tw
title: The Reverend Corwin & Nellie Taylor Collection

description: "The photographic images in this collection were preserved for posterity by Rev. Corwin Taylor and his wife Nellie Blood-Taylor of Fort Dodge, Iowa, Methodist missionaries to Korea, 1908 to about 1922. Mr. & Mrs. Taylor are in the missionary group photo dated 1914. Nellie is at the extreme right, 2nd woman up from the bottom, her hair parted down the middle. Corwin is immediately to her right, holding a young son, Wilson, who, in turn, is the father of Ewing Taylor (donor of this collection).""These digital images are donated to the Korean Heritage Library at the University Park Campus of the University Of Southern California, Los Angeles California, by Corwin/Nellie grandson Ewing Bevard Taylor of Rockville, Maryland. This project was undertaken by EBT at the behest of journalist Kyung Won Lee of Rancho Cordova, California. Digital copying work by James Ritchie Jacocks (James Ritchie Associates) of Washington Grove, Maryland.""The original b&w prints and hand-colored slides/transparencies from which the digital images have been made, and the photo descriptions/documentation, were produced by/for the Methodist Episcopal Church, Committee On Conservation And Advance, Chicago Illinois, and distributed to church missionaries." -- Ewing Bevard Taylor, April 2005.
DOI: 10.25549/rbm-ouc1613075
title: The North American Indian, vol. 1

description: Materials from USC Special Collections including rare books, manuscripts, prints and posters.
DOI: 10.25549/rbm-ouc1613176
title: The North American Indian, vol. 1

description: Materials from USC Special Collections including rare books, manuscripts, prints and posters.