cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c3gh6
title: Data from: Temporal dynamics of outcrossing and host mortality rates in host-pathogen experimental coevolution

description: Cross-fertilization is predicted to facilitate the short-term response and
 the long-term persistence of host populations engaged in antagonistic
 coevolutionary interactions. Consistent with this idea, our previous work
 has shown that coevolving bacterial pathogens (Serratia marcescens) can
 drive obligately selfing hosts (Caenorhabditis elegans) to extinction,
 while the obligately outcrossing and partially outcrossing populations
 persisted. We focused the present study on the partially outcrossing
 (mixed mating) and obligately outcrossing hosts, and analyzed the changes
 in the host resistance/avoidance (and pathogen infectivity) over time. We
 found that host mortality rates increased in the mixed mating populations
 over the first ten generations of coevolution when outcrossing rates were
 initially low. However, mortality rates decreased after elevated
 outcrossing rates evolved during the experiment. In contrast, host
 mortality rates decreased in the obligately outcrossing populations during
 the first ten generations of coevolution, and remained low throughout the
 experiment. Therefore, predominant selfing reduced the ability of the
 hosts to respond to coevolving pathogens compared to outcrossing hosts.
 Thus, we found that host-pathogen coevolution can generate rapid
 evolutionary change, and that host mating system can influence the outcome
 of coevolution at a fine temporal scale.
description: Coevolved Bacteria
 Exposed to Ancestral Hosts Over TimeFigure 1
 DataDryad
 Coevolved Bacteria Against Ancestral Hosts Over
 Time.xlsMortality Rate
 DataFigure 2
 dataDryad
 Mortality Rate Data.xlsMean Outcrossing
 RatesFigure 3
 dataDryad
 Harmonic Mean Outcrossing Rates
 Evolution.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.60326
title: Data from: Time since disturbance affects colonization dynamics in a metapopulation

description: 1. Disturbances are widespread in nature and can have substantial
 population-level consequences. Most empirical studies on the effects of
 disturbance track population recovery within habitat patches, but have an
 incomplete representation of the recolonization process. Additionally,
 recent metapopulation models represent post-disturbance colonization with
 a recovery state or time-lag for disturbed (“focal”) patches, thus
 assuming that recolonization rates are uniform. 2. However, the
 availability of colonists in neighboring “source” patches can vary,
 especially in frequently-disturbed landscapes such as fire-managed forests
 that have a mosaic of patches that differ in successional state and
 undergo frequent local extinctions. To determine how time since
 disturbance in both focal and neighboring source patches might affect
 metapopulations, we studied the effects of time since fire (TSF) on
 abundances of a specialist palmetto beetle within and between fire
 management units in Apalachicola National Forest, Florida. 3. We measured
 beetle abundances at three distances from the shared edge of paired units,
 with units ranging from 0-64 months since fire and the difference in time
 since burning for a focal-source pair ranging from 3-58 months. 4. Soon
 after fire, beetle abundances within management units were highest near
 the unit edge, but this pattern changed with increasing TSF. Between
 paired units, the more recently-disturbed (“focal”) unit’s beetle
 abundance was positively related to source unit abundance, but the shape
 of this relationship differed based on focal unit TSF and the units’
 difference in time since burning. 5. Results suggest that both focal and
 source habitat history can influence recolonization of recently-disturbed
 patches and that these effects may persist over years. Thus, when
 predicting metapopulation dynamics, variation in habitat characteristics
 should be considered not only for patches receiving colonists, but for
 patches supplying colonists as well.
description: Monthly survey data for
 H. cyanea (counts and environmental measurements)Field data for beetle
 counts by life stage across three monthly surveys in Apalachicola National
 Forest, FL, including environmental information (e.g., % palmetto cover
 and palmetto height) and fire management unit data from the US Forest
 Service (e.g., burn unit identifiers and months since last burn).
 Formatted for reading into R.Mutz_ANF data for dryad
 4.24.2017.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dv1j5
title: Data from: The role of gravity in the evolution of mammalian blood pressure

description: Understanding of the factors involved in determining the level of central
 arterial blood pressure in mammals has been clouded by inappropriate
 allometric analyses that fail to account for phylogenetic relationships
 among species, and require pressure to approach 0 as body size decreases.
 The present study analyses systolic, mean arterial, and diastolic blood
 pressure in 47 species of mammal with phylogenetically informed techniques
 applied to two-parameter equations. It also sets nonlinear,
 three-parameter equations to the data to remove the assumption of the
 two-parameter power equation that the smallest animals must have
 negligible blood pressure. These analyses show that blood pressure
 increases with body size. Nonlinear analyses show that mean blood pressure
 increases from 93 mmHg in a 10 g mouse to 156 mmHg in a 4 tonne elephant.
 The scaling exponent of blood pressure is generally lower than, though not
 significantly different from, the exponent predicted on the basis of the
 expected scaling of the vertical distance between the head and the heart.
 This indicates that compensation for the vertical distance above the heart
 is not perfect and suggests that the pressure required to perfuse the
 capillaries at the top of the body may decrease in larger species.
description: Blood pressure evolution
 - Supplementary informationMean, systolic, and
 diastolic blood pressures of mammals.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p6b5m
title: Data from: The evolution of cooperation: interacting phenotypes among social partners

description: Models of cooperation among nonkin suggest that social assortment is
 important for the evolution of cooperation. Theory predicts that
 interacting phenotypes, whereby an individual’s behavior depends on the
 behavior of its social partners, can drive such social assortment. We
 measured repeated indirect genetic effects (IGEs) during cooperative
 predator inspection in eight populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia
 reticulata) that vary in their evolutionary history of predation. Four
 broad patterns emerged that were dependent on river, predation history,
 and sex: (i) current partner behavior had the largest effect on focal
 behavior, with fish from low-predation habitats responding more to their
 social partners than fish from high-predation habitats; (ii) different
 focal/partner behavior combinations can generate cooperation; (iii) some
 high-predation fish exhibited carryover effects across social partners;
 and (iv) high-predation fish were more risk averse. These results provide
 the first large-scale comparison of interacting phenotypes during
 cooperation across wild animal populations, highlighting the potential
 importance of IGEs in maintaining cooperation. Intriguingly, while focal
 fish responded strongly to current social partners, carryover effects
 between social partners suggest generalized reciprocity (in which one
 helps anyone if helped by someone) may contribute to the evolution of
 cooperation in some, but not all, populations of guppies.
description: Cooperative antipredator
 behavior in the presence of a same-sex social partnerExcel file with the raw
 data for cooperative antipredator behavior of focal and partner fish
 (male-male and female-female pairs) interacting together in the presence
 of a predator. Each focal fish interacts twice each with two different
 social partners for a total of four behavioral trials. Fish from four
 pairs of high and low predation populations (Aripo, Guanapo, Lopinot, and
 Turure Rivers, Trinidad and Tobago) are represented.IP Cooperation for
 Dryad.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p1b6b
title: Data from: The use of MSR (Minimum Sample Richness) for sample assemblage comparisons

description: Minimum Sample Richness (MSR) is defined as the smallest number of taxa
 that must be recorded in a sample to achieve a given level of
 inter-assemblage classification accuracy. MSR is calculated from known or
 estimated richness and taxonomic similarity. Here we test MSR for
 strengths and weaknesses by using 167 published mammalian local faunas
 from the Paleogene and early Neogene of the Query and Liane area (Massif
 Central, southwestern France), and then apply MSR to 84 Oligo-Miocene
 faunas from Riversleigh, northwestern Queensland, Australia. In many
 cases, MSR is able to detect the assemblages in the data set that are
 potentially too incomplete to be used in a similarity-based comparative
 taxonomic analysis. The results show that the use of MSR significantly
 improves the quality of the clustering of fossil assemblages. We conclude
 that this method can screen sample assemblages that are not representative
 of their underlying original living communities. Ultimately, it can be
 used to identify which assemblages require further sampling before being
 included in a comparative analysis.
description: Appendix
 1List
 of the 167 Quercy and Limagne Area fossil-bearing localities, ordered by
 biochronological unit (MP16 to MN02a), with Site I.D. (biochronological
 unit number + site number) used in the analysis and sampled species
 richness (S.R.).Appendix
 2List
 of Riversleigh fossil-bearing localities, ordered by biochronological unit
 (Faunal Zones A, B, C, and D), with Site I.D. (biochronological unit
 number + site number) used in the analysis and sampled species richness
 (S.R.).Appendix
 3The
 appendix contains updates and corrections to the Riversleigh mammalian
 species list published in Archer et al. (2006). Updates and corrections
 are presented here following the taxonomical listing of Archer et al.
 (2006) and contains additions (new specimen found) or removal (incorrect
 presence) and change of species status (new species
 published).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.43gt3
title: Data from: High-arctic butterflies become smaller with rising temperatures

description: The response of body size to increasing temperature constitutes a
 universal response to climate change that could strongly affect
 terrestrial ectotherms, but the magnitude and direction of such responses
 remain unknown in most species. The metabolic cost of increased
 temperature could reduce body size but long growing seasons could also
 increase body size as was recently shown in an Arctic spider species.
 Here, we present the longest known time series on body size variation in
 two High-Arctic butterfly species: Boloria chariclea and Colias hecla. We
 measured wing length of nearly 4500 individuals collected annually between
 1996 and 2013 from Zackenberg, Greenland and found that wing length
 significantly decreased at a similar rate in both species in response to
 warmer summers. Body size is strongly related to dispersal capacity and
 fecundity and our results suggest that these Arctic species could face
 severe challenges in response to ongoing rapid climate change.
description: Supporting wing length
 dataSheet 1 includes all raw
 data for each of the 2 species used in the manuscript; Year, site, sex,
 wing length (WL), dot of year of collection from the 1st of each year
 (DOY), current and previous year's snowmelt dates and current and
 previous year's avergage temperatures used in the
 analyses.Bowden et
 al.biol_lett.butterflywinglength.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h06v7
title: Data from: Cues of upper body strength account for most of the variance in men’s bodily attractiveness

description: Evolution equips sexually reproducing species with mate choice mechanisms
 that function to evaluate the reproductive consequences of mating with
 different individuals. Indeed, evolutionary psychologists have shown that
 women’s mate choice mechanisms track many cues of men’s genetic quality
 and ability to invest resources in the woman and her offspring. One
 variable that predicted both a man’s genetic quality and his ability to
 invest is the man’s formidability (i.e. fighting ability or resource
 holding power/potential). Modern women, therefore, should have mate choice
 mechanisms that respond to ancestral cues of a man’s fighting ability. One
 crucial component of a man’s ability to fight was his upper body strength.
 Here we test how important physical strength is to men’s bodily
 attractiveness. Three sets of photographs of men’s bodies were shown to
 raters who estimated either their physical strength or their
 attractiveness. Estimates of physical strength determined over 70% of
 men’s bodily attractiveness. Additional analyses showed that tallness and
 leanness were also favored, and – along with estimates of physical
 strength – accounted for 80% of men’s bodily attractiveness. Contrary to
 popular theories of men’s physical attractiveness, there was no evidence
 of a non-linear effect; the strongest men were the most attractive in all
 samples.
description: Ratings of
 Attractiveness - Set 1Ratings of Strength -
 Set 1Ratings of Strength and
 Attractiveness - Set 2Set 1 Data on Photo
 SubjectsSet 2 Data on Photo
 Subjects
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p9f13
title: Data from: Functional connectivity in replicated urban landscapes in the land snail (Cornu aspersum)

description: Urban areas are highly fragmented and thereby exert strong constraints on
 individual dispersal. Despite this, some species manage to persist in
 urban areas, such as the garden snail, Cornu aspersum, which is common in
 cityscapes despite its low mobility. Using landscape genetic approaches,
 we combined study area replication and multi-scale analysis to determine
 how landscape composition, configuration, and connectivity influence snail
 dispersal across urban areas. At the overall landscape scale, areas with a
 high percentage of roads decreased genetic differentiation between
 populations. At the population scale, genetic differentiation was
 positively linked with building surface, the proportion of borders where
 wooded patches and roads appeared side-by-side and the proportion of
 borders combining wooded patches and other impervious areas. Analyses
 based on pairwise genetic distances validated the isolation-by-distance
 and isolation-by-resistance models for this land snail, with an equal fit
 to least-cost paths and circuit-theory-based models. Each of the 12
 landscapes analyzed separately yielded specific relations to environmental
 features, whereas analyses integrating all replicates highlighted general
 common effects. Our results suggest that urban transport infrastructures
 facilitate passive snail dispersal. At a local scale, corresponding to
 active dispersal, unfavorable habitats (wooded and impervious areas)
 isolate populations. This work upholds the use of replicated landscapes to
 increase the generalizability of landscape genetics results, and shows how
 multi-scale analyses provide insight to scale-dependent processes.
description: Individual
 microsatellite genotypes of garden snails from three French
 citiesThe individual genotypes
 of 2,609 snails, Cornu aspersum, obtained from 7 microsatellite markers in
 120 populations, from 12 urban landscapes are given.data_garden_snail.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.km835
title: Data from: Contribution of hydrogen bonds to paper strength properties

description: The objective of this work was to investigate the influence of hydrogen
 bonds between fibres on static and dynamic strength properties of paper. A
 commercial bleached pinewood kraft pulp was soaked in water, refined in a
 PFI, and used to form paper webs in different solvents, such as water,
 methanol, ethanol, n-propanol and n-butanol, to determine the effect of
 their dipole moment on static and dynamic strength properties of resulting
 paper sheets. Paper which was formed in water, being the solvent of the
 highest dipole moment among the tested ones, showed the highest breaking
 length and tear resistance. When paper webs were formed in n-butanol,
 which was the least polar among the solvents, these parameters were
 reduced by around 75%. These results provide evidence of the importance of
 water in paper web formation and strong impact of hydrogen bonds between
 fibres on strength properties of paper.
description: Properties of paper
 formed in waterS1 Water -
 tensile.xlsxProperties of paper
 formed in methanolS2 Methanol -
 tensile.xlsxProperties of paper
 formed in ethanolS3 Ethanol -
 tensile.xlsxProperties of paper
 formed in propanolS4 Propanol -
 tensile.xlsxProperties of paper
 formed in butanolS5 Butanol -
 tensile.xlsxOptical properties of
 papers formed in different liquidsS6 Optical
 properties.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rh61t5g
title: Data from: Shrub range expansion alters diversity and distribution of soil fungal communities across an alpine elevation gradient

description: Global climate and land use change are altering plant and soil microbial
 communities worldwide, particularly in arctic and alpine biomes where
 warming is accelerated. The widespread expansion of woody shrubs into
 historically herbaceous alpine plant zones is likely to interact with
 climate to affect soil microbial community structure and function, however
 our understanding of alpine soil ecology remains limited. This study aimed
 to 1) determine whether the diversity and community composition of soil
 fungi vary across elevation gradients and to 2) assess the impact of woody
 shrub expansion on these patterns. In the White Mountains of California,
 sagebrush (Artemisia rothrockii) shrubs have been expanding upwards into
 alpine areas since 1960. In this study, we combined observational field
 data with a manipulative shrub removal experiment along an elevation
 transect of alpine shrub expansion. We utilized next generation sequencing
 of the ITS1 region for fungi and joint distribution modeling to tease
 apart effects of the environment and intra-community interactions on soil
 fungi. We found that soil fungal diversity declines and community
 composition changes with increasing elevation. Both abiotic factors
 (primarily soil moisture and soil organic C) and woody sagebrush range
 expansion had significant effects on these patterns. However, fungal
 diversity and relative abundance had high spatial variation, overwhelming
 the predictive power of vegetation type, elevation, and abiotic soil
 conditions at the landscape scale. Finally, we observed positive and
 negative associations among fungal taxa which may be important in
 structuring community responses to environmental change.
description: Alpha diversity by
 sampleAlpha diversity (chao1
 and OTU richness) and abiotic variables (TOC, TON, VWC, and soil pH) by
 sample. Sample metadata included (elevation, treatment, DNA conc.)
 Treatments (S=shrub, OS=outside shrub/shrub interspace, SR=shrub
 removal)adiv_meta_abio_dryad.csvNormalized read abundance class levelRelative read abundance (CSS normalized) at the fungal class level by sample. Data for HMSC analysis.itsclass_meta_READ.csvNormalized read abundance family levelRelative read abundance (CSS normalized) at the fungal family level by sample. Data for HMSC analysis.its_family_meta_read.csvNormalized read abundance family levelRelative read abundance (CSS normalized) at the fungal order level by sample. Data for HMSC analysis.its_order_meta_read.csvBray Curtis distance matrixBray Curtis distance matrix for beta diversity analyses by samplebray_curtis_dm_10K.txtNMDS coordinatesNMDS coordinates by sample for beta diversity analyses (generated from bray curtis distance matrix).NMDS_bray.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8869
title: Data from: Facilitation within species: a possible origin of group-selected superorganisms

description: Facilitation—positive interactions—has emerged as a dominant ecological
 mechanism in many ecosystems. Its importance has recently been expanded to
 include intraspecific interactions, creating the potential for higher
 level natural selection within species. Using multiple lines of evidence
 we show that conspecific facilitation within the southern beech tree,
 Nothofagus pumilio, appears to overcome competition in two life phases. In
 a seedling experiment addressing stress and planting density effects, we
 found that mortality was lowest (~0%) where there was no stress and was
 indistinguishable across densities. Further, in mature forests (45 years),
 genetically variable, merged individuals had lower mortality (-50%)
 compared to unmerged individuals in locations without identifiable stress.
 Thus, a full understanding of the occurrence of facilitation may require a
 more general model of resource improvements than the commonly cited Stress
 Gradient Hypothesis. Additionally, the merged trees showed a density
 dependent mortality pattern at the level of the groups. These data
 demonstrate a potential mechanism (facilitation) driving natural selection
 at this higher level, via stem merging. These merged
 "superorganisms" would confirm theoretical predictions whereby
 facilitation acts as an ecological mechanism driving group selection.
description: Mature Tree
 DataContains all the data
 related to the mergedForestMatureTreeData2.csvFacilitation Experiment DataData from the seedling experiment.FacilitationExperimentData.csv