cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17632/9nks6sbpd2.1
title: DATA - Pyrolysis-driven stabilization and micronutrient partitioning in poultry waste–derived biochars

description: This dataset provides the complete experimental evidence supporting the article “Pyrolysis-driven stabilization and micronutrient partitioning in poultry waste–derived biochars”. It documents how increasing pyrolysis temperature regulates carbon structural transformation, mineral enrichment, and the partitioning between total and bioavailable micronutrient pools in poultry waste–derived materials.

The dataset includes raw poultry waste (PW) and biochars produced by slow pyrolysis at 300 °C (BPW300) and 600 °C (BPW600). For each material, the repository contains raw and processed measurements of biochar yield, pH, electrical conductivity, moisture content, volatile matter, ash content, fixed carbon, and easily oxidizable organic carbon. Elemental composition data (C, H, N, S, and O) and derived atomic ratios (H/C, O/C, and (O+N)/C) are provided to quantify carbon condensation, aromaticity, and chemical stability.

Comprehensive macro- and micronutrient datasets are included, covering total concentrations of Na, Mg, P, Ca, K, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn determined by acid digestion and ICP-MS. In addition, chemically extractable (DTPA-extractable) fractions of Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn are reported as indicators of potential bioavailability. Relative bioavailable fractions (% of total) are provided to explicitly resolve pyrolysis-driven micronutrient immobilization and stabilization processes.

The repository also contains the multivariate data matrix used for principal component analysis (PCA), enabling integrated assessment of physicochemical properties, carbon structural indicators, and nutrient redistribution across treatments. Summary statistics (mean ± standard deviation; n = 3) and complete R scripts used for ANOVA, post hoc testing, PCA, and figure generation are included to ensure full computational reproducibility.

Overall, this dataset enables independent verification of the reported results and supports secondary analyses on biochar design, nutrient stabilization mechanisms, environmental risk mitigation, and circular management of livestock residues. It is intended for reuse in soil science, environmental chemistry, waste valorization, and climate-smart agriculture research.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fq7dj
title: Data from: Y-chromosome markers for the red fox

description: The de novo assembly of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) genome has facilitated
 the development of genomic tools for the species. Efforts to identify the
 population history of red foxes in North America have previously been
 limited by a lack of information about the red fox Y-chromosome sequence.
 However, a megabase of red fox Y-chromosome sequence was recently
 identified over 2 scaffolds in the reference genome. Here, these scaffolds
 were scanned for repeated motifs, revealing 194 likely microsatellites.
 Twenty-three of these loci were selected for primer development and, after
 testing, produced a panel of 11 novel markers that were analyzed alongside
 2 markers previously developed for the red fox from dog Y-chromosome
 sequence. The markers were genotyped in 76 male red foxes from 4
 populations: 7 foxes from Newfoundland (eastern Canada), 12 from Maryland
 (eastern United States), and 9 from the island of Great Britain, as well
 as 48 foxes of known North American origin maintained on an experimental
 farm in Novosibirsk, Russia. The full marker panel revealed 22 haplotypes
 among these red foxes, whereas the 2 previously known markers alone would
 have identified only 10 haplotypes. The haplotypes from the 4 populations
 clustered primarily by continent, but unidirectional gene flow from Great
 Britain and farm populations may influence haplotype diversity in the
 Maryland population. The development of new markers has increased the
 resolution at which red fox Y-chromosome diversity can be analyzed and
 provides insight into the contribution of males to red fox population
 diversity and patterns of phylogeography.
description: Raw Fragment Analysis
 DataThis is all of the raw
 data generated and analyzed for the development of a 13-microsatellite
 marker panel for the red fox Y-chromosome. It may be useful to researchers
 looking to calibrate calls made in new samples/populations using these
 markers. This zipped file includes all original .abi files, raw allele
 calls and peaks as produced with GeneMapper v3.5, a table of the final
 allele assigned to each individual at each marker, and the .ych file used
 to construct the haplotype network in Figure 2 with Network
 5.0.0.0.Rando2017JHeredRawDataY-MarkersRedFox.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mc50c
title: Data from: Riders in the sky (islands): using a mega-phylogenetic approach to understand plant species distribution and coexistence at the altitudinal limits of angiosperm plant life

description: Aim: Plants occurring on high-alpine summits are generally expected to
 persist due to adaptations to extreme selective forces caused by the
 harshest climates where angiosperm life is known to thrive. We assessed
 the relative effects of this strong environmental filter and of other
 historical and stochastic factors driving plant community structure in
 very high-alpine conditions. Location: European Alps, Écrins National
 Park, France. Methods: Using species occurrence data collected from
 floristic surveys on 15 summits (2,791–4,102 m a.s.l.) throughout the
 Écrins range, along with existing molecular sequence data obtained from
 GenBank, we used a mega-phylogenetic approach to evaluate the phylogenetic
 structure of high-alpine plant species assemblages. We used three nested
 species pools and two null models to address the importance of
 species-specific and species-neutral processes for driving coexistence.
 Results: Compared with the entire species pool of the study region, alpine
 summits exhibited a strong signal of phylogenetic clustering. Restricting
 statistical sampling to environmentally and historically defined species
 pools reduced the significance of this pattern. However, we could not
 reject a model that explicitly incorporates neutral colonization and local
 extinction in shaping community structure for dominant plant orders.
 Between summits, phylogenetic turnover was generally lower than expected.
 Environmental drivers did not explain overall phylogenetic patterns, but
 we found significant geographical and climatic structure in phylogenetic
 diversity at finer taxonomic scales. Main conclusions: Although we found
 evidence for strong phylogenetic clustering within alpine summits, we were
 not able to reject models of species-neutral processes to explain patterns
 of floristic diversity. Our results suggest that plant community structure
 in high-alpine regions can also be shaped by neutral processes, and not
 through the sole action of environmental selection as traditionally
 assumed for harsh and stressful environments.
description: phy.AlpesTime calibrated community phylogeny of the Écrins National Park, France. Bootstrap support values are labeled on the nodes.EcrinsCommunityMatrixSpecies list for the Écrins National Park, France. Columns show alien origin, endemic status, GenBank accession numbers for each gene region that were used to estimate phylogenetic relationships, and the presence/absence of each species in the three species pools (Regional, All Summits, LGM), and across each alpine summit sampled in this study.Dryad1_EcrinsCommunityMatrix_27April2017April2017v3_edit.csvalignments.zipDNA alignments of each gene region (ITS, atpB, matK, rbcL, and trnTLF) and the concatenated alignment (.phy).genetrees.zipTree files for gene trees estimated for each gene region (ITS, atpB, matK, rbcL, and trnTLF). Bootstrap support values are labeled on the nodes.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18387883
title: Pirfenidone+PDE1A
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18387884
title: Pirfenidone+PDE1A
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6pm50
title: Data from: Design of cinnamaldehyde amino acid Schiff base compounds based on the quantitative structure–activity relationship

description: Cinnamaldehyde amino acid Schiff base (CAAS) is a new class of safe,
 bioactive compounds which could be developed as potential antifungal
 agents for fungal infections. To design new cinnamaldehyde amino acid
 Schiff base compounds with high bioactivity, the quantitative
 structure–activity relationships (QSARs) for CAAS compounds against
 Aspergillus niger (A. niger) and Penicillium citrinum (P. citrinum) were
 analysed. The QSAR models (R2 = 0.9346 for A. niger, R2 = 0.9590 for P.
 citrinum,) were constructed and validated. The models indicated that the
 molecular polarity and the Max atomic orbital electronic population had a
 significant effect on antifungal activity. Based on the best QSAR models,
 two new compounds were designed and synthesized. Antifungal activity tests
 proved that both of them have great bioactivity against the selected
 fungi.
description: Hui Wang, Mingyue Jiang,
 Shujun Li, CY Hse , CD Jin, FL Sun and Z Li.-figures and
 tables-ESMThe supplementary file
 for manuscript RSOS-170516.R1 entitled “Design of cinnamaldehyde amino
 acids Schiff base compounds based on the quantitative structure activity
 relationship” contained original data used in this research: The diameter
 of antifungal inhibition zone of all compounds against two tested fungi,
 Experimental lgAR versus Calculated lgAR according to the best QSAR model,
 Grouping results for validation of QSAR model, The validation results of
 best QSAR models, The synthesis method of new designed compounds, The IR,
 1H NMR and MS spectra of two designed compounds.Hui Wang, Mingyue Jiang, Shujun
 Li, CY Hse, CD Jin, FL Sun and Z Li.-figures and
 tables-ESM.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hg56n
title: Data from: Single cell genomics of uncultured marine alveolates shows paraphyly of basal dinoflagellates

description: Marine alveolates (MALVs) are diverse and widespread early-branching
 dinoflagellates, but most knowledge of the group comes from a few cultured
 species that are generally not abundant in natural samples, or from
 diversity analyses of PCR-based environmental SSU rRNA gene sequences. To
 more broadly examine MALV genomes, we generated single cell genome
 sequences from seven individually isolated cells. Genes expected of
 heterotrophic eukaryotes were found, with interesting exceptions like
 presence of proteorhodopsin and vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase. Phylogenetic
 analysis of concatenated SSU and LSU rRNA gene sequences provided strong
 support for the paraphyly of MALV lineages. Dinoflagellate viral
 nucleoproteins were found only in MALV groups that branched as sister to
 dinokaryotes. Our findings indicate that multiple independent origins of
 several characteristics early in dinoflagellate evolution, such as a
 parasitic life style, underlie the environmental diversity of MALVs, and
 suggest they have more varied trophic modes than previously thought.
description: MALV
 contigsContigs of seven Marine
 Alveolate (MALV) cells in FASTA format. Contigs were generated using
 SPAdes assembler; contaminating sequences were removed as described in the
 publication.MALV_contigs.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mb640
title: Data from: Extra-pair paternity is not driven by inbreeding avoidance and does not affect provisioning rates in a cooperatively breeding bird, the noisy miner (Manorina melanocephala)

description: In many socially monogamous bird species, both sexes regularly engage in
 mating outside their pair bond. While the benefits of extra-pair (EP)
 mating behavior are clear and well established for males, such as an
 increase in the number of sired offspring, the benefits of EP mating
 behavior to females are less clear. A dominant theory for the incidence of
 EP mating is that socially monogamous females can improve the genetic
 quality of their offspring and avoid the costs of inbreeding through EP
 mating. In addition, in cooperatively breeding species, the theory of
 ‘parental care’, predicts that females obtain additional help for their
 offspring through extra-pair matings. Here, we examined evidence for both
 the inbreeding avoidance and parental care hypotheses in the cooperatively
 breeding noisy miner (Manorina melanocephala). Overall, EP mating occurred
 in 27% of broods, with 14% of offspring sired by males other than the
 identified pair-bonded male. There was a strong tendency to avoid pairing
 with genetically related individuals, with 86% of breeding pairs being
 significantly less related to each other than the general population. The
 occurrence of extra-pair paternity was independent of the degree of
 relatedness between the pair. Provisioning patterns in relation to EP
 mating was not consistent with the ‘parental care’ hypothesis and EP males
 did not contribute to the care of broods. These results demonstrate that
 in this system, there is no evidence that EP mating might function as a
 mechanism to reduce the costs of inbreeding depression or to gain benefits
 of extra helpers.
description: Noisy Miner
 dataBehavioural observation
 and genetic relatedness in the noisy miners
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gv3vg
title: Data from: Stable, metastable and unstable cellulose solutions

description: We have characterized the dissolution state of microcrystalline cellulose
 (MCC) in aqueous tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, TBAH(aq), at different
 concentrations of TBAH, by means of turbidity and small-angle X-ray
 scattering. The solubility of cellulose increases with increasing TBAH
 concentration, which is consistent with solubilization driven by
 neutralization. When comparing the two polymorphs, the solubility of
 cellulose I is higher than that of cellulose II. This has the consequence
 that the dissolution of MCC (cellulose I) may create a supersaturated
 solution with respect to cellulose II. As for the dissolution state of
 cellulose, we identify three different regimes. (i) In the stable regime,
 corresponding to concentrations below the solubility of cellulose II,
 cellulose is molecularly dissolved and the solutions are thermodynamically
 stable. (ii) In the metastable regime, corresponding to lower
 supersaturations with respect to cellulose II, a minor aggregation of
 cellulose occurs and the solutions are kinetically stable. (iii) In the
 unstable regime, corresponding to larger supersaturations, there is
 macroscopic precipitation of cellulose II from solution. Finally, we also
 discuss strong alkali solvents in general and compare TBAH(aq) with the
 classical NaOH(aq) solvent.
description: MCC_TBAH_DataTurbidity, SAXS and WAXS data on microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in aqueous solutions of tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) in various concentrations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6d5m2
title: Data from: Did true frogs ‘dispersify’?

description: The interplay between range expansion and concomitant diversification is
 of fundamental interest to evolutionary biologists, particularly when
 linked to intercontinental dispersal and/or large scale extinctions. The
 evolutionary history of true frogs has been characterized by circumglobal
 range expansion. As a lineage that survived the Eocene–Oligocene
 extinction event (EOEE), the group provides an ideal system to test the
 prediction that range expansion triggers increased net diversification. We
 constructed the most densely sampled, time-calibrated phylogeny to date in
 order to: (i) characterize tempo and patterns of diversification; (ii)
 assess the impact of the EOEE; and (iii) test the hypothesis that range
 expansion was followed by increased net diversification. We show that late
 Eocene colonization of novel biogeographic regions was not affected by the
 EOEE and surprisingly, global expansion was not followed by increased net
 diversification. On the contrary, the diversification rate declined or did
 not shift following geographical expansion. Thus, the diversification
 history of true frogs contradicts the prevailing expectation that
 amphibian net diversification accelerated towards the present or increased
 following range expansion. Rather, our results demonstrate that despite
 their dynamic biogeographic history, true frogs diversified at a
 relatively constantly rate, even as they colonized the major land masses
 of Earth.
description: Fig. S1. Time-calibrated
 Bayesian phylogeny of Ranidae with corresponding posterior probabilities
 and 95% HPD age intervals.Fig.
 S1.pdfFig. S2. Ancestral range
 reconstruction under the best-fit, BAYAREALIKE+J model.Fig.
 S2.pdfFig. S3. Results of the
 TESS analysis performed on the entire phylogeny.Fig.
 S3.pdfFig. S4. Speciation
 rates through time for subclades that dispersed to a new geographic
 region.Fig.
 S4.jpgTable S1. Genbank
 accession numbers for samples used in this study.Table
 S1.xlsxTable S2. Model
 comparison results from the BioGeoBEARS analysis.Table
 S2.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h8fr1
title: Data from: Mosaic evolution in the middle Miocene planktonic foraminifera Fohsella lineage

description: Recent studies have shown that modes of evolution, namely directional
 trend, random walk, and stasis, vary across morphologic traits and over
 the geographic range of a taxon. If so, is it possible that our
 interpretation of evolutionary modes is actually driven by our selection
 of traits in a study? In an attempt to answer this question, we have
 restudied the middle Miocene planktonic foraminifera Fohsella lineage, an
 iconic example of gradual morphologic evolution. In contrast to previous
 studies that have focused on the gross morphology as embodied by the edge
 view of tests, we analyze here multiple phenotypic traits chosen because
 their biologic and ecologic significance is well understood in living
 populations. We find that traits in the lineage did not evolve in concert.
 The timing and geographic pattern of changes in shape, coiling direction,
 size, and ecology were different. The evolution of this lineage is a
 mosaic combination of different evolutionary modes for different traits.
 We suggest that overemphasis on the evolution of some single trait, such
 as the edge-view outline, from narrow geographic ranges, has significantly
 underestimated the dynamic evolutionary history of this group.
description: PAB-OR-2016-0049 data
 and Supplementary Information
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7617b
title: Data from: Explaining sex differences in lifespan in terms of optimal energy allocation in the baboon

description: We provide a quantitative test of the hypothesis that sex role
 specialisation may account for sex differences in lifespan in baboons if
 such specialisation causes the dependency of fitness upon longevity, and
 consequently the optimal resolution to an energetic trade-off between
 somatic maintenance and other physiological functions, to differ between
 males and females. We present a model in which females provide all
 offspring care and males compete for access to reproductive females and in
 which the partitioning of available energy between the competing
 fitness-enhancing functions of growth, maintenance and reproduction is
 modelled as a dynamic behavioural game, with the optimal decision for each
 individual depending upon his/her state and the behaviour of other members
 of the population. Our model replicates the sexual dimorphism in body size
 and sex differences in longevity and reproductive scheduling seen in
 natural populations of baboons. We show that this outcome is generally
 robust to perturbations in model parameters, an important finding given
 the same behaviour is seen across multiple populations and species in the
 wild. This supports the idea that sex differences in longevity result from
 differences in the value of somatic maintenance relative to other
 fitness-enhancing functions in keeping with the disposable soma theory.
description: Data for a stable
 populationData for cohorts of 100
 males and 100 femalesTime-independent optimal
 strategies for both sexesSensitivity
 analysisGrowth rate adjusted
 model - data for cohorts of 100 males and 100 femalesCode for female backward
 iterationFemale_backward_iteration.pyCode for female forward iteration to find stable population structureFemale_forward_iteration.pyCode for female forward iteration following a cohortFemale_forward_iteration_cohort.pyCode to determine the average probability that a female will raise an offspring to independenceFemale_probability_of_raising_offspring.pyCode for male backwards iterationMale_backwards_iteration.pyCode for male forward iteration to find stable population structureMale_forward_iteration.pyCode for male forward iteration following a cohortMale_forward_iteration_cohort.py
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.h3s98
title: Data from: Gastrodia putaoensis sp. nov. (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae) from North Myanmar

description: Gastrodia putaoensis, a new species from montane region in northern
 Myanmar, is described and illustrated. Gastrodia putaoensis is similar to
 Gastrodia dyeriana, but differs from it by lip narrowly triangular and
 subdivided into two parts, apical part near tip densely covered with
 yellow hairs, apex obtuse and densely covered with red papillae.
description: Close-up of flowers of
 Gastrodia putaoensisView of
 lip_Column_TepalsView of lip, column and
 tepalsPlant of Gastrodia
 putaoensis-overview-1
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fv5mn
title: Data from: Global network centrality of university rankings

description: Universities and higher education institutions form an integral part of
 the national infrastructure and prestige. As academic research benefits
 increasingly from international exchange and cooperation, many
 universities have increased investment in improving and enabling their
 global connectivity. Yet, the relationship of university performance and
 its global physical connectedness has not been explored in detail. We
 conduct the first large-scale data-driven analysis into whether there is a
 correlation between university relative ranking performance and its global
 connectivity via the air transport network. The results show that local
 access to global hubs (as measured by air transport network betweenness)
 strongly and positively correlates with the ranking growth (statistical
 significance in different models ranges between 5% and 1% level). We also
 showed that the local airport's aggregate flight paths (degree) and
 capacity (weighted degree) has no effect on university ranking, further
 showing global connectivity distance is more important that the capacity
 of flight connections. We also examined the effect of local city economic
 development as a confounding variable and no effect was observed
 suggesting that access to global transportation hubs outweighs economic
 performance as a determinant of university ranking. The impact of this
 research is that we have determined the importance of the centrality of
 global connectivity and, hence, established initial evidence for further
 exploring potential connections between university ranking and regional
 investment policies on improving global connectivity.
description: World Wide University
 Ranking and Global Air Transport ConnectivityThe data sets out the
 world's top 500 universities ranked by ARWU (2005-16) and their
 location, performance, and other attributes, including nearby air
 transport network's connectivity metrics. The method for determining
 the network connectivity metrics are set out in the paper, as are the
 details of the data.2017-07-RSOC-FINAL-DATA-TO-SUBMIT.xlsx