cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303706
title: A diversidade global dos Institutos de Estudos Avançados

description: abstract When the first Institute for Advanced Study was founded in Princeton in 1930, nobody foresaw that it would eventually become a model that would spread across the globe. Especially within the last 20 years a significant number of new Institutes for Advanced Study (IAS) have surfaced in many regions of the world. Classified as “academic paradises,” they are often regarded as isolated islands or ivory towers, but this is only one part of the story: I will show that (a) IAS are both products and driving forces of the globalization of research and are closely intertwined with different trends of global science policies, and (b) IAS, despite their small size, have played an important role in the development of universities and the sciences, and continue to do so. Finally, I would like to provide an overview of future challenges and tasks of the IAS as spaces of global production of knowledge.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303698
title: Novas e velhas barreiras à escolarização da juventude

description: ABSTRACT The transformation of Brazilian education over the last three decades has changed the social and institutional landscape for the schooling of youth, with the expansion of secondary school enrollment, and the emergence of a significant number of young people who represent the first generation in their families to obtain a university degree. However, the question remains whether or not the educational inequalities faced by young people have been eliminated, minimized, increased or reshaped to new forms of educational stratification. Nowadays, does secondary school remain a barrier for the completion of compulsory education? Or, on the contrary, has the transition to postsecondary education been constrained by bottlenecks in the admission process? By framing socioeconomic, racial and gender relations, this article reflects on both existing and newly emerging barriers to youth schooling in Brazil between the 1990s and the current decade.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303696
title: Modelagem da pandemia Covid-19 como objeto complexo (notas samajianas)

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this text is to present the covid-19 pandemic as a complex object, based on a proposal of heuristic modeling guided by occurrence plans and hierarchical interfaces. For this, first of all, I briefly introduce the thoughts of Juan Samaja, Argentine scholar representative of the epistemology of complexity. Secondly, I present the holopathogenesis theory, a conceptual elaboration directly derived from Samaja’s theory of hierarchical interfaces. Thirdly, I apply this proposal of complex modeling to understand the emergence of covid-19 as a problem, aiming to formulate an integrative perspective that might contribute to overcome the pandemic. Finally, I propose using the category of overdetermination to enrich this effort of theoretical understanding with an organizing scheme of transdisciplinary knowledge on the covid-19 pandemic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303694
title: A pandemia Covid-19: crise e deterioração do mercado de trabalho no Brasil

description: abstract Based on the analysis of IBGE data on the labor market before and during the pandemic, as well as on relevant literature, this article contemplates three dimensions: (i) a brief overview of the context of the economic and employment crisis, of the changes that resulted in the 2017 labor reform and of labor market indicators in the period prior to the health crisis; (ii) labor market indicators in the context of the pandemic, which signal impacts on labor; (iii) the challenges imposed on labor unions resulting from the intensification of the neoliberal agenda of the last four years. The article shows that the health crisis caused by Sars-CoV-2 has increased the fragility of the labor market, which had already been in a process of deterioration in the last four years in Brazil. It hit the working class of various economic sectors in striking and diverse manners, and unevenly in the different regions of Brazil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303693
title: O momento “Bretton Woods” da Covid-19 e a cooperação monetária por bancos centrais

description: abstract The Covid-19 crisis reinforced and consolidated a template for global monetary cooperation, aiming to keep the international financial markets functioning. At the core of the monetary system, the legal design for cooperation has changed substantially: from the central role of multilateral organizations responsible for organizing collective actions (such as the International Monetary Fund - IMF), to more flexible contractual arrangements, formalized by a network of Central Bank swaps. The management of the Covid-19 monetary impacts reveals a new Bretton Woods moment, organized in novel political and legal terms. This article argues that Law has an explanatory and constitutive role in this substantial development. The US dollar, as a global currency, is structured by a specific type of contract, the eurodollar. In times of crisis, this contract requires an international lender of last resort that provides unlimited financial support to the currency’s global uses. Only a financial institution organized as a central bank has the legal and economic capacity to perform this role - not a multilateral fund. The hierarchical network of Central Bank swaps, with the American Central Bank (the Federal Reserve - Fed) at the top, was the legal arrangement structured to support the functioning of the global financial market and its currency par excellence, the eurodollar.
DOI: 10.6073/pasta/92d03c160fbdb9660d0c8372c4619bb2
title: Leaf Area Index at Harvard Forest HEM and LPH Towers since 1998

description: Leaf area index (LAI) measurements are made to detect changes in forest leaf area that are important in understanding forests’ carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and water use. Measurements of LAI in different forest types are useful understanding differences between forests in CO2 uptake and water use, while variation in LAI in the same forest type over time helps to explain interannual variation and long-term trends in carbon storage and water use. Within a single year, especially for deciduous forests, seasonal changes in LAI are very important in determining the forest’s cycle of CO2 uptake and water use. LAI measurements at Harvard Forest were begun in the old-growth hemlock stand in 1998 in order to understand and develop a predictive model for its carbon exchange, and were begun at the Little Prospect Hill site in 2002 to better understand CO2 uptake and carbon storage at this site, which were measured by the eddy-covariance method beginning in 2002. Due to a lack of personnel, multiple annual measurements of LAI to examine seasonal change in leaf area did not begin until 2007.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303691
title: As três emergências que nossa sociedade enfrenta: saúde, biodiversidade e mudanças climáticas

description: abstract We are entering an era in which our planet and our society face major crises. We live simultaneously with three important emergencies: 1) the health crisis, intensified by the Covid-19 pandemic; 2) the biodiversity loss crisis; and 3) the climatic emergency. It should be noted that these crises have profound links between them, and also important differences, but they all have strong social and economic impacts and affect the planet globally. They are the result of an economic model that favors development at any cost and very quick profits even at the expense of sustainability. The Covid-19 crisis posed important questions from the viewpoint of a lack of global governance. In turn, the climate crisis has the potential for very serious socio-economic damage, and its effects are already clearly visible. The loss of biodiversity puts our food security at risk, and the balance of the terrestrial system as well. The Amazon, for example, harbors thousands of viruses in its fauna and flora, and if the unrestrained process of occupation continues, new viruses similar to Sars-CoV-2 will possibly come into contact with our society. Overcoming these three crises requires drastic changes in our economic system, unsustainable in its current format. Continued economic growth on a planet with finite natural resources is not possible. Inequality in developing countries and even between nations is explosive and unfair. We will need a new system of global governance that is able to harmonize measures from different countries, states and municipalities. Sustainability on our planet is possible and necessary. We - the scientific community, society, governments and other stakeholders -will have a lot of work ahead of us in the coming years. We have no alternative but to build a new, more just and sustainable society.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303690
title: Análise de redes sociais como estratégia de apoio à vigilância em saúde durante a Covid-19

description: ABSTRACT The large volume of data generated on social networks is used by companies to monitor public opinion about their products and services. These data may contain useful information for health surveillance, such as in assessing the impact of public policies or identifying fake news. This work presents results of studies that demonstrate how analysis of data from social networks may be applied to surveillance activities, using the covid-19 pandemic as a case study. An approach based on data science was used, with information extracted through machine learning algorithms. Results indicate that this approach can reveal useful information for surveillance activities, providing a real-time view of aspects related to the pandemic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303689
title: Epidemia e contenção: cenários emergentes do pós-Covid-19

description: ABSTRACT This paper addresses the topic of post-covid-19 scenario projections. It aims to present a methodological framework for evaluating post-covid-19 scenarios. By applying the continuity principle - which establishes that there is an extension of the Pre-Impact (Time-1) period into the Post-Impact period (Time-2) - it argues that post-covid-19 conditions are socially latent in the pre-covid-19 period. More precisely, the unleashing of the covid pandemic in general, and of social distancing actions in particular, have accelerated pre-existing social change processes. This means that the more scenarios take into account this phenomenon, the greater their empirical adequacy. Based on these premises, the article seeks, on the one hand, to evaluate existing scenarios and, on the other, to propose a new scenario.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303688
title: População negra e Covid-19: reflexões sobre racismo e saúde

description: ABSTRACT This article aims to contribute to the reflection on the impacts of the covid-19 pandemic on the black population, having as a trigger point the urgent need to analyze the asymmetries that the global health emergency produces, particularly in contexts of social inequality, such as is the case in Brazil, where the socially vulnerable population is represented mainly by the black population, in their different specific groups, typified by gender, by restrictions on access to education, social protection, adequate housing, basic sanitation services and the internet, as well as, by occupation/unemployment, by geographic space, and by deprivation of liberty - although, paradoxically, quantitatively it comprises the majority of the Brazilian population, which accumulates the worst indicators.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303684
title: Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen e os trajes dos ameríndios1

description: abstract In 1644, in the heart of The Hague, in present-day Netherlands, Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen promoted a party for the wealthy citizens to display his Cabinet of Curiosities and his conquests in Brazil. In a moment of horror, there was a performance with 11 native Brazilians: all the doors were closed and the “anthropophagous Amerindians” did their presentation, some dressed in ritualistic attire, some nude, in a never seen before scandal in The Hague, powerful enough to perpetuate the image of the “South American savage” that still prevails today. This article is about the attire and the (non)costume habits of the Brazilian Indians. The main theoretical references are Buvelot (2014) and Françozo (2014).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303681
title: Análise sistêmica do município de São Paulo e suas implicações para o avanço dos casos de Covid-19

description: ABSTRACT During the first semester of 2020, the city of São Paulo was ravaged by the covid-19 pandemic 19. As a global city, São Paulo became the epicenter of the pandemic in Brazil. Displaying high levels of inequality, São Paulo ended up exacerbating the vulnerabilities related to the outbreak. In this work, we applied the software BioNetStat to census data pertaining to the city of São Paulo. Our analysis was based on the work of Nery et al. (2019), which proposed the existence of eight urban patterns. We first show that the systemic analysis demonstrates that different groups of factors characterize each urban pattern. We also show the advantages of a multiple factors analysis in the study of the city structure of São Paulo. In a second study, we applied the systemic approach with the inclusion of covid-19 cases and deaths in the data. The results show that the pandemic led to higher lethality in regions with urban patterns coinciding with lower levels of education and income, a higher number of trips to work, and failures in the water supply system. We conclude that dealing with São Paulo’s vulnerability to extreme events, such as the covid-19 pandemic, demands the application of systemic public policies. We suggest that this might be the moment to adapt the city’s governance to urban patterns, as opposed to the traditional political-administrative approach.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303678
title: O raciocínio geográfico e as chaves de leitura da Covid-19 no território brasileiro

description: ABSTRACT To understand how covid-19 is distributed in Brazil, geographers use geographical reasoning supported by mapping techniques and spatial representation. We thus propose here a series of procedures to understand the disease in the geographic space, first with an exploration and descriptive analysis of the data, a spatial analysis and a synthesis through graphical modeling, followed by a cartographic communication. As a result, we hope that this theoretical and methodological path may guide the creation of a world image capable of responding to the most urgent demands posed by the pandemic, and concomitantly create reflections on how the production of geographical space creates vulnerabilities in this perverse globalization.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303676
title: Ciência e políticas públicas nas cidades: revelações da pandemia da Covid-19

description: ABSTRACT The covid-19 pandemic revealed the virtues and deficiencies of the city of São Paulo in facing one of the most extreme events of the 21st century. On the one hand, the robustness of science in São Paulo helped to face the pandemic, advising on health issues on the disease front. On the other hand, deficiencies in past public policies took their toll, revealing the most perverse face of inequality in the city, its vulnerability to extreme events. In this work, we describe a theory of cities, comparing their functioning to that of an ecosystem. We created the term urbsystem, comprising a Primary and a Secondary Urban Subsystem. The primary, analogous to that of an ecosystem, places the city as a processor of materials and a producer of waste, using water and energy for both activities. The Secondary Urban System contains the main services offered by the city - education, security, communication, transportation etc. The deficiencies in the functioning of these elements characterize inequality, since their efficiency varies depending on the region. We then propose a mechanism to operate the generation of public policies consisting of three elements: Science, Aspirations and Politics. Arranged in the form of the vertices of a triangle, solutions and problems float in a “primordial soup”, generating sets of problems-solutions that can be added to political agendas and thus generate public policies that are more likely to be right. In the light of these ideas, we point out that one of the main deficiencies revealed during the pandemic was the lack of connection between the vertices of Science and Aspirations, and the vertex of Politics. We conclude that the most affected sectors will be education, healthcare, tourism and the subsystems of commerce and finance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303674
title: Ciência e Tecnologia em um mundo de ponta-cabeça

description: ABSTRACT The current crisis generated by Covid-19 has three major characteristics: first, the high cost in terms of lives and sequelae that have injured and killed a huge number of people in a very short period of time; second, the severe recession and the consequent reduction in employment, wages and income, not to mention the closing of companies and disorganizing of the economy, with an increase in inequality and poverty; third, the institutional corrosion and the dissemination of fear and perplexity in society. Brazilian science actively participates in the efforts to mitigate the perverse effects of the crisis caused by the pandemic, despite its depreciation by government authorities. Universities around the world and in Brazil quickly accepted the challenges posed by the coronavirus and guided their actions to save lives. This effort can be institutionalized to survive over time and contribute to increase the economic and social impact of Brazilian science and technology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303673
title: Murilo Mendes,leitor de Romano Guardini1

description: abstract This paper presents and contextualizes the publication of an article by Murilo Mendes in 1948 titled “A Revolutionary Book”, on the book The Lord (Der Herr, 1937) by Italian-German theologian Romano Guardini. Starting with the study of personal libraries of religious writers, we intend to situate Mendes’ article in the context of the aesthetic and theological disputes in Brazilian Catholic thought, and understand how reading Guardini influenced Mendes’ poetry.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303669
title: Estratégias para o desenvolvimento da bioeconomia no estado do Amazonas

description: abstract This paper presents an overview of the state of Amazonas in terms of the development of a bioeconomy strongly linked to the potential of natural resources. This discussion fits well into the search of alternatives for the state’s economy, very centralized by the Manaus Industrial Park (PIM), which becomes increasingly threatened year after year. Thus, the article presents a relationship between the potential of local offerings and technological and market demands. It also discusses the economic and technological impacts of biodiversity innovation and human resources training, needed to leverage the development of applied science to the conversion of natural products into commercial products.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303666
title: Dinâmica climática e biogeográfica do Brasil no Último Máximo Glacial: o estado da arte

description: abstract From the mid-20th century onwards, there has been significant growing interest in understanding the dynamics of vegetation in response to the climatic changes of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 18 thousand years ago). In this context, landscapes may be the result of recent environmental changes or relics from even more remote times, and this may even determine the degree of their complexity and diversification. Since the 1960s, several researchers have proposed models to explain the coverage of Brazil’s vegetation under the LGM, but the recent advance of global climate models has provided new perspectives for a more faithful reconstruction of the past conditions. We also discuss biogeographic theories formulated and modified over the last 60 years of studies on the reconstruction of Brazilian vegetation of the LGM.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303660
title: Politics and journalism: a self-referential bubble in social media: Twitter domains shared by representatives and journalists in Spain

description: Abstract This paper presents a study on how social media is used in political communication, specifically on how Twitter is used by politicians and journalists in Spain. Through a tool created ad hoc to monitor digital trace data, the authors observe – thanks to machine learning techniques – the hyperlinks that were shared both by the Spanish representatives in the XII National Congress and the main Spanish journalists from June 2018 to May 2019. The results reveal an endogenous relationship between journalists and politicians. The interaction between these two groups is produced in and around the main Spanish media, resulting in an inner flux of information shared by both groups within a self-referential bubble, thus producing an echo chamber effect and missing the enormous possibilities of knowledge expansion provided by social media through the accession to hypertext.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303658
title: Museology of religion: temporary exhibitions in the Museum of the Shrine of Fatima

description: Abstract The cycle of temporary exhibitions organized by the Museum of the Sanctuary of Fátima, within the commemorative program of the Apparitions of the Virgin Mary’s centenary, between 2010 and 2020, allows to identify a set of features inherent to the museology of the religious phenomenon. The catechetical function of these exhibitions, which is justified by the museum's ecclesiastical tutelage, is formalized through the interpretation of the sanctuary and of the religious events that took place there, while the accuracy of the information is guaranteed, confirming the exhibition as a non-formal education and communication device. From the direct observation of the exhibitions that are the object of this study, we analyze the narrative typologies, the visual identity, and the museographic models, crossing the results with the concepts of decontextualization and resignification of objects’ (musealia), and with the museology of the idea, retrieved through the performed literature review of museum studies. The analysis of these exhibitions validates the museological discourse where denotative and connotative components are combined in order to enhance different readings and perceptions. Museography, described as a meta-work of the exhibition discourse about a religious theme, is open, as it creates different registers of information and interpretation of the concepts, according to a heterogeneous audience, with different sensibilities, beliefs, interests, and previous knowledges, even as this public is essentially collected among the pilgrims of the sanctuary, while proving its efficiency to communicate the Message of Fatima.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14303655
title: Factors influencing the information disclosure and access to information in municipalities

description: Abstract Transparency and access to information are important for public scrutiny, participation and accountability, contributing to citizens’ confidence in the local government. To increase access to public information, local governments resorted to active transparency through the dissemination of public information on their websites, in a free and open manner. This study reviews the influence of socioeconomic and political factors in the management of active transparency of public policies in Portuguese municipalities. The study uses the panel data methodology, which has not yet been used to review active municipal transparency in Portugal, empirically testing the factors that influence the disclosure of public information, using the transparency index as a proxy. Empirical evidence was found regarding the political and socioeconomic factors that have influenced the level of municipal transparency. Since studies regarding Portuguese cases are scarce, this investigation contributes to the understanding of the municipalities’ responses to society’s pressures for more transparency.