cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000210-1
title: ISIS@MACH - Neutron Spectroscopy of leather artefacts from Museo Egizio (VESUVIO)

description: Within the Museo Egizio collection there are 200 precious and unique leather artefacts belonging to different historical periods including the Old Kingdom, New Kingdom, Roman and Byzantine eras. Leather materials were used in everyday applications, subject to hard use and harsh environmental conditions. Here we propose to study the structure, dynamics and elemental composition of leather artefacts spanning from the Old Kingdom to the Byzantine Period and including samples from the intact tomb of Kha (around 1400 BC) that document an extensive crystallization phenomenon. The experimental investigation will be performed using Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) on TOSCA and Time of Flight – Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis (T-PGAA) on VESUVIO beamlines at ISIS pulsed neutron and muon source, through the Neutron Gate of ISIS@MACH.
DOI: 10.17632/hmj69txpxg.1
title: Data for: PUTTING MECHANISMS IN FORAGING THEORY: the role of computational mechanisms in optimal decision making.

description: This is an IPython notebook that provides supporting materials to the paper entitled "Putting mechanisms in foraging theory". The IPython notebook and the manuscript present a computational model of foraging decision, which tries to explain how sensory information about the benefits and costs of a potential resource can be used to make decisions, as accurate as those predicted by the optimal foraging theory.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010227-2
title: PNR determination of magnetic structure in Co/Pd perpendicular exchange spring thin films

description: Atomic interface engineering has allowed magnetic exchange spring multilayers to be created which are both stable against thermally activated magnetisation reversal, and can be switched using the moderate fields/currents available in technologically realisable devices. These requirements are key to the creation of new forms of spintronic memory with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy including STT-MRAM (recently commercialized by Samsung and others) and the rapidly developing SOT-MRAM. Here we propose to address two outstanding scientific questions associated with this class of materials – (i) that of understanding the effect of high temperature annealing (where literature is extremely sparse) which is essential for chip integration processing (&gt;300°C) and (ii) to determine the magnet exchange spring interaction created by combining Co/Pd multilayers with high/low magnetic anisotropy.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000249
title: [NCNR/NIST] Investigating the Role of Magnetic Inhomogeneities and Interdiffusion in Compensated Gadolinium Iron Garnet

description: Thin film magnetic insulators provide an opportunity to realize magnetic non-volatile memories (i.e. spintronics) that consume less energy than traditional metallic based spintronics due to a lack of charge current. The ferrimagnetic iron garnet class of materials (M3Fe5O12) are of particular interest due to the desirable and highly tunable magnetic properties.Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) is the prototypical garnet and most widely studied, however, YIG has been widely reported to have growth issues due to interdiffusion, and further does not have a compensation temperature. Gd3Fe5O12 is a ferrimagnetic garnet that has a compensation temperature near room temperature, and we propose it may be less susceptible to interdiffusion with GGG substrates. We propose to use neutron reflectometry to probe the chemical and magnetic depth profile of GdIG thin films above and below its compensation temperature.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000249-1
title: [NCNR/NIST] Investigating the Role of Magnetic Inhomogeneities and Interdiffusion in Compensated Gadolinium Iron Garnet

description: Thin film magnetic insulators provide an opportunity to realize magnetic non-volatile memories (i.e. spintronics) that consume less energy than traditional metallic based spintronics due to a lack of charge current. The ferrimagnetic iron garnet class of materials (M3Fe5O12) are of particular interest due to the desirable and highly tunable magnetic properties.Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) is the prototypical garnet and most widely studied, however, YIG has been widely reported to have growth issues due to interdiffusion, and further does not have a compensation temperature. Gd3Fe5O12 is a ferrimagnetic garnet that has a compensation temperature near room temperature, and we propose it may be less susceptible to interdiffusion with GGG substrates. We propose to use neutron reflectometry to probe the chemical and magnetic depth profile of GdIG thin films above and below its compensation temperature.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1920088-2
title: Field-driven closure of the Haldane gap in an ideal coordination polymer spin-chain

description: Chains comprising integer spin magnetic moments exhibit the celebrated non-magnetic Haldane phase, which is very different relative to the half-integer spin equivalent. We have recently discovered and characterised a molecule-based magnet system which is an ideal example of a Haldane chain, NiI2(3,5-lut)4. Crucially, deviations from the idealised spin-one chain are exceedingly small in this compound. Zero-field Inelastic neutron scattering at ISIS was successfully used to study the magnetic excitations in this system at zero-field, including the presence of the famous Haldane gap, and these data form part of an upcoming publication. We now propose to extend this study to non-zero magnetic fields, in order to investigate the field-driven evolution of the excitation spectrum up to and beyond the field-induced quantum phase transition where the Haldane gap is closed.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010475
title: µSR study to investigate the nature of the anomalous high-temperature phase transition in Ce2Rh2Ga

description: Compounds of the element Cerium occupy a special place in contemporary condensed matterphysics. These materials have become known for a unconventional magnetism andsuperconductivity, as well as new phases of matter at very low temperatures. The subject of thisproposal, Ce2Rh2Ga, has a phase transition at T*=130 K which is extraordinary for a ceriumcompound. Sharp anomalies are found in the temperature dependence of physical propertiesprobed thus far including magnetic susceptibility, electrical and thermal transport, and specificheat. In agreement with magnetic susceptibility data, Ga-NQR data support an interpretation interms of a magnetic phase transition which would make this the highest recorded magnetic phasetransition among all cerium compounds. This proposal is to ascertain the involvement of magnetism and possible magnetic order in Ce2Rh2Ga through T*.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010475-1
title: µSR study to investigate the nature of the anomalous high-temperature phase transition in Ce2Rh2Ga

description: Compounds of the element Cerium occupy a special place in contemporary condensed matterphysics. These materials have become known for a unconventional magnetism andsuperconductivity, as well as new phases of matter at very low temperatures. The subject of thisproposal, Ce2Rh2Ga, has a phase transition at T*=130 K which is extraordinary for a ceriumcompound. Sharp anomalies are found in the temperature dependence of physical propertiesprobed thus far including magnetic susceptibility, electrical and thermal transport, and specificheat. In agreement with magnetic susceptibility data, Ga-NQR data support an interpretation interms of a magnetic phase transition which would make this the highest recorded magnetic phasetransition among all cerium compounds. This proposal is to ascertain the involvement of magnetism and possible magnetic order in Ce2Rh2Ga through T*.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010072
title: The low-temperature structural phase transition in CuSO4·5D2O as a function of pressure

description: Copper sulfate pentahydrate is a common material with a long history of use in testing crystallographic theories and methods. Much of the interest in its behaviour as a model 1-dimensional magnetic system at low T is predicated upon there being no structural phase transition on cooling from room-temperature to 1 Kelvin. However, we now know there to be a structural transition at 32 K in which the unit cell doubles along the a- and c-axis directions due to a change in the site symmetry of one of the independent Cu2+ ions. Coupled with calculations showing that these sites compress in a dramatically different ways, it becomes interesting to investigate the structural phase transition at high pressure. Suitable pressure cells, allowing the requisite high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data have been manufactured and tested on HRPD allowing us to probe the transition to 5.4 kbar.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010072-1
title: The low-temperature structural phase transition in CuSO4·5D2O as a function of pressure

description: Copper sulfate pentahydrate is a common material with a long history of use in testing crystallographic theories and methods. Much of the interest in its behaviour as a model 1-dimensional magnetic system at low T is predicated upon there being no structural phase transition on cooling from room-temperature to 1 Kelvin. However, we now know there to be a structural transition at 32 K in which the unit cell doubles along the a- and c-axis directions due to a change in the site symmetry of one of the independent Cu2+ ions. Coupled with calculations showing that these sites compress in a dramatically different ways, it becomes interesting to investigate the structural phase transition at high pressure. Suitable pressure cells, allowing the requisite high-resolution neutron powder diffraction data have been manufactured and tested on HRPD allowing us to probe the transition to 5.4 kbar.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000209
title: Thermal-to-fast neutron cross section of concrete for radiation protection applications

description: Heavy concrete for radiation shielding is obtained by adding heavy natural aggregates such as barite or magnetite in the mixing process. While the addition of barite provides an increased capture cross section for fast neutrons, preliminary results showed that the effect for epithermal and thermal neutrons is to significantly decrease the total cross sections, as a consequence of the reduced amount of structural hydrogen. We propose a neutron transmission measurement on VESUVIO the range 1 meV to 1 MeV for a larger set of baritic concrete samples, combined with a SEM-EDS characterization under different vacuum conditions. The recent VESUVIO upgrade allows a broader range for the measurement of the neutron cross section, and this will help in the definition of the optimal amount of barite in concrete for radiological protection in hospitals and nuclear power plants.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000209-1
title: Thermal-to-fast neutron cross section of concrete for radiation protection applications

description: Heavy concrete for radiation shielding is obtained by adding heavy natural aggregates such as barite or magnetite in the mixing process. While the addition of barite provides an increased capture cross section for fast neutrons, preliminary results showed that the effect for epithermal and thermal neutrons is to significantly decrease the total cross sections, as a consequence of the reduced amount of structural hydrogen. We propose a neutron transmission measurement on VESUVIO the range 1 meV to 1 MeV for a larger set of baritic concrete samples, combined with a SEM-EDS characterization under different vacuum conditions. The recent VESUVIO upgrade allows a broader range for the measurement of the neutron cross section, and this will help in the definition of the optimal amount of barite in concrete for radiological protection in hospitals and nuclear power plants.
DOI: 10.34808/z3wn-7384
title: ECG measurement from the hand with elbows resting on the armrests of the chair - Man 29 age

description: The data set shows the measurements of the ECG signal from the hand made with the use of the proprietary measuring system, based on the AD8232 and STM32 chips. Thanks to such a constructed device, it is possible to measure the ECG signal in a non-standard way - from the hand. The results show the ECG signal for a specific hand and forearm position relative to the body and to the measuring device. With the help of the presented results, it is possible to determine or test the best possible hand layout in order to record data in which individual anatomical features are eliminated as well as possible.
Measurement scenarios:  elbows resting on the armrests of the chair
Man 29 age
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000206
title: Low temperature ordering of spinel LNMO cathode material

description: Long term cycling stability and high energy and power density are key characteristics for battery materials, especially for applications within the field of electric vehicles. LNMO is an interesting candidate material due to its high energy and power density. Depending on the ordering of the atoms within LNMO (mainly Ni and Mn), the material can adopt two different structures. This subtle difference in atomic arrangement leads to differences in the electrochemical behavior, e.g. in the long term cycling stability, where the ordered structure reaches its end of life first. The proposed study aims to investigate the driving force for ordering to occur in LNMO and will be helpful for improving the long term cycling stability of the material in battery applications.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000206-1
title: Low temperature ordering of spinel LNMO cathode material

description: Long term cycling stability and high energy and power density are key characteristics for battery materials, especially for applications within the field of electric vehicles. LNMO is an interesting candidate material due to its high energy and power density. Depending on the ordering of the atoms within LNMO (mainly Ni and Mn), the material can adopt two different structures. This subtle difference in atomic arrangement leads to differences in the electrochemical behavior, e.g. in the long term cycling stability, where the ordered structure reaches its end of life first. The proposed study aims to investigate the driving force for ordering to occur in LNMO and will be helpful for improving the long term cycling stability of the material in battery applications.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000183
title: Magnetically frustrated ground state of an Yb-based semiconductor YbCuS2 with an effective spin-1/2 zigzag chain

description: In the present work, we focus on an Yb-based semiconductor YbCuS2, which has been recently proposed as the first substance exhibiting peculiar quantum phases due to the frustrated Yb zigzag chain. We have studied the magnetic and thermal properties of the semiconducting compound YbCuS2 and revealed a phase transition occurs at To = 0.95 K. The magnetic entropy at To is reduced to 20% of Rlog2, which indicates the magnetic fluctuations above To. Moreover, The peculiar phase diagram suggests manifestation of nontrivial quantum phases arising from the geometrical frustration. The aim is to measure the order parameter and possible magnetic structure using the microscopic measurements such as muon spin relaxation and neutron diffraction. The microscopic observation must be an indication of the magnetic frustration arising from the Yb zigzag chain with the effective spin-1/2.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000183-1
title: Magnetically frustrated ground state of an Yb-based semiconductor YbCuS2 with an effective spin-1/2 zigzag chain

description: In the present work, we focus on an Yb-based semiconductor YbCuS2, which has been recently proposed as the first substance exhibiting peculiar quantum phases due to the frustrated Yb zigzag chain. We have studied the magnetic and thermal properties of the semiconducting compound YbCuS2 and revealed a phase transition occurs at To = 0.95 K. The magnetic entropy at To is reduced to 20% of Rlog2, which indicates the magnetic fluctuations above To. Moreover, The peculiar phase diagram suggests manifestation of nontrivial quantum phases arising from the geometrical frustration. The aim is to measure the order parameter and possible magnetic structure using the microscopic measurements such as muon spin relaxation and neutron diffraction. The microscopic observation must be an indication of the magnetic frustration arising from the Yb zigzag chain with the effective spin-1/2.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010519-3
title: Investigation of isonicotinamide confined within mesoporous silicon at high pressure

description: Our aim is to investigate the impact of confinement on the high pressure phase transition of isonicotinamide using PEARL. Confinement in a porous silicon guest host leads to nanocrystals with greater surface and greater free energy which should lead to an easier phase transition. Neutron diffraction will allow for greater detection of the isonicotinamide molecules confined within the pores of the host guest which heavily scatters X-rays.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb1910455-5
title: The Ability of Trimethylamine N-Oxide to Resist Pressure Induced Structural Perturbation of Water

description: Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) is thought to have the extraordinary ability of allowing organisms to adapt to extreme environments of high pressure, the most famous example being the adaptation of snailfish to different depths of the ocean. Our hypothesis is that TMAO allows biomolecules to resist pressure denaturation by preserving the hydrogen bond structure of the surrounding water. We wish to observe the resistance that TMAO can potentially provide to changes in bulk water structure due to the influence of an external pressure. This would then provide a possible mechanism of biological molecule stabilization against the denaturation effects of increased pressure found in the ocean. This will be investigated using neutron diffraction and EPSR to observe relevant radial distribution functions, spatial density functions, and hydrogen bonding.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000233
title: Energy scales in the possible multiple-q phase of antlerite

description: The crystal structure of the natural mineral antlerite is built up from ribbons of copper atoms, where the copper atoms are arranged in a three-leg ladder with triangular rungs instead of square. This structure is extremely rare, and it is not yet known what unusual forms of magnetism it can lead to. The magnetic moments on the central leg have been reported to do nothing magnetically, but we have found that this is incorrect. We actually find at least four different types of magnetic order as we change the temperature, including a very complicated one that we do not fully understand. We need to know the energy scales of the various types of magnetic order in order to plan further work.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000233-1
title: Energy scales in the possible multiple-q phase of antlerite

description: The crystal structure of the natural mineral antlerite is built up from ribbons of copper atoms, where the copper atoms are arranged in a three-leg ladder with triangular rungs instead of square. This structure is extremely rare, and it is not yet known what unusual forms of magnetism it can lead to. The magnetic moments on the central leg have been reported to do nothing magnetically, but we have found that this is incorrect. We actually find at least four different types of magnetic order as we change the temperature, including a very complicated one that we do not fully understand. We need to know the energy scales of the various types of magnetic order in order to plan further work.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010039
title: Using contrast matching to understand multicomponent gels

description: Gels can be formed when a molecule self-assembles into fibres that entangle to immobilise the solvent. These tgels are really useful for applications from cell culturing to optoelectronics. The range of properties can be extended using multicomponent systems. In our systems, two different molecules self-assemble independently into different fibres. Characterising and understanding this is difficult - both fibres scatter in SANS for example and so differentiating the different networks is extremely challenging. To get around this, here we will use hydrogenated and deuterated gelators. In a mixture of a hydrogenated and a deuterated molecule, only the fibres formed from the hydrogenated molecule will scatter and so we will be able to see whether the fibres and networks formed in single and multicomponent systems are the same. This will greatly add to our undertsanding of these systems.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2010039-1
title: Using contrast matching to understand multicomponent gels

description: Gels can be formed when a molecule self-assembles into fibres that entangle to immobilise the solvent. These tgels are really useful for applications from cell culturing to optoelectronics. The range of properties can be extended using multicomponent systems. In our systems, two different molecules self-assemble independently into different fibres. Characterising and understanding this is difficult - both fibres scatter in SANS for example and so differentiating the different networks is extremely challenging. To get around this, here we will use hydrogenated and deuterated gelators. In a mixture of a hydrogenated and a deuterated molecule, only the fibres formed from the hydrogenated molecule will scatter and so we will be able to see whether the fibres and networks formed in single and multicomponent systems are the same. This will greatly add to our undertsanding of these systems.
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000242
title: Phase-change mechanism in Ga2Te3 liquid promising for high-temperature memory applications

description: Phase-change materials (PCM) based on tellurides are widely used for optical storage, non-volatile memory applications and recently for neuromorphic computing. The flagship PCMs are based on germanium tellurides: GeTe, Ge2Sb2Te5, etc. which exhibit low glass transition temperatures Tg in the RESET (amorphous) state and can hardly be used above 380 K. Gallium tellurides have superior melting points and higher Tg and appear to be promising materials for memory applications at elevated temperatures. Fast transformation rate in PCMs at nanosecond scale is directly related to a low viscosity in the liquid state and a strong non-Arrhenius or fragile behavior with decreasing temperature. A detailed study of Ga-Te liquids is simply missing.
DOI: 10.34808/g4bp-1936
title: ECG measurement from the hand with elbows resting on the armrests of the chair - Woman 27 age

description: The data set shows the measurements of the ECG signal from the hand made with the use of the proprietary measuring system, based on the AD8232 and STM32 chips. Thanks to such a constructed device, it is possible to measure the ECG signal in a non-standard way - from the hand. The results show the ECG signal for a specific hand and forearm position relative to the body and to the measuring device. With the help of the presented results, it is possible to determine or test the best possible hand layout in order to record data in which individual anatomical features are eliminated as well as possible.
Measurement scenarios:  elbows resting on the armrests of the chair
Woman 27 age
DOI: 10.5286/isis.e.rb2000242-1
title: Phase-change mechanism in Ga2Te3 liquid promising for high-temperature memory applications

description: Phase-change materials (PCM) based on tellurides are widely used for optical storage, non-volatile memory applications and recently for neuromorphic computing. The flagship PCMs are based on germanium tellurides: GeTe, Ge2Sb2Te5, etc. which exhibit low glass transition temperatures Tg in the RESET (amorphous) state and can hardly be used above 380 K. Gallium tellurides have superior melting points and higher Tg and appear to be promising materials for memory applications at elevated temperatures. Fast transformation rate in PCMs at nanosecond scale is directly related to a low viscosity in the liquid state and a strong non-Arrhenius or fragile behavior with decreasing temperature. A detailed study of Ga-Te liquids is simply missing.