cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8741v
title: Data from: Criticism by community people and poor workplace communication as risk factors for the mental health of local welfare workers after the Great East Japan Earthquake: a cross-sectional study

description: After a large-scale natural disaster, demand for social welfare services
 increases, and the mental health of local social welfare workers becomes a
 matter of great concern because of their dual role as support providers
 and disaster survivors. We examined whether work-related social stressors,
 including criticism by community people and poor workplace communication,
 were associated with increased risk of post-traumatic stress disorder
 (PTSD), depression, or psychological distress 20-22 months after the Great
 East Japan Earthquake (GEJE; March 11, 2011) in local social welfare
 workers. Demographic characteristics, disaster-related risk factors
 (near-death experience, dead/missing family members, loss of housing), and
 work-related social risk factors (criticism, lack of communication) were
 obtained 20-22 months after the GEJE from 822 local workers.
 Questionnaires measured PTSD, depression, and psychological stress.
 Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were applied. More local
 social welfare workers suffered from mental health problems than would be
 expected. Criticism by community people was significantly associated with
 probable PTSD and high psychological distress (adjusted odds ratio = 2.31
 and 2.55, respectively). Furthermore, lack of workplace communication was
 associated with probable PTSD, depression, and high psychological distress
 (adjusted odds ratio = 3.97, 4.27, and 4.65, respectively). Almost 2 years
 after the disaster, local relief workers still suffered from mental health
 problems. Because post-disaster work-related social stressors constitute
 risk factors for these mental health problems, measures to improve working
 conditions and prevent and treat mental disorders should be a priority.
description: Shakyo2012_English(aggregate the age)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2ts6j
title: Data from: Population genetic structure and reproductive strategy of the introduced grass Centotheca lappacea in tropical land-use systems in Sumatra

description: Intensive transformation of lowland rainforest into oil palm and rubber
 monocultures is the most common land-use practice in Sumatra (Indonesia),
 accompanied by invasion of weeds. In the Jambi province, Centotheca
 lappacea is one of the most abundant alien grass species in plantations
 and in jungle rubber (an extensively used agroforest), but largely missing
 in natural rainforests. Here, we investigated putative genetic
 differentiation and signatures for adaptation in the introduced area. We
 studied reproductive mode and ploidy level as putative factors for
 invasiveness of the species. We sampled 19 populations in oil palm and
 rubber monocultures and in jungle rubber in two regions (Bukit Duabelas
 and Harapan). Amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) revealed a
 high diversity of individual genotypes and only a weak differentiation
 among populations (FST = 0.173) and between the two regions (FST = 0.065).
 There was no significant genetic differentiation between the three
 land-use systems. The metapopulation of C. lappacea consists of five
 genetic partitions with high levels of admixture; all partitions appeared
 in both regions, but with different proportions. Within the Bukit Duabelas
 region we observed significant isolation-by-distance. Nine AFLP loci (5.3%
 of all loci) were under natural diversifying selection. All studied
 populations of C. lappacea were diploid, outcrossing and
 self-incompatible, without any hints of apomixis. The estimated residence
 time of c. 100 years coincides with the onset of rubber and oil palm
 planting in Sumatra. In the colonization process, the species is already
 in a phase of establishment, which may be enhanced by efficient selection
 acting on a highly diverse gene pool. In the land-use systems, seed
 dispersal might be enhanced by adhesive spikelets. At present, the
 abundance of established populations in intensively managed land-use
 systems might provide opportunities for rapid dispersal of C. lappacea
 across rural landscapes in Sumatra, while the invasion potential in
 rainforest ecosystems appears to be moderate as long as they remain
 undisturbed.
description: AFLP matrix for
 Centotheca lappaceaHodac_etal_Centotheca_AFLP.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.fj168
title: Data from: Predator-prey interactions shape thermal patch use in a newt larvae-dragonfly nymph model

description: Thermal quality and predation risk are considered important factors
 influencing habitat patch use in ectothermic prey. However, how the
 predator’s food requirement and the prey’s necessity to avoid predation
 interact with their respective thermoregulatory strategies remains poorly
 understood. The recently developed ‘thermal game model’ predicts that in
 the face of imminent predation, prey should divide their time equally
 among a range of thermal patches. In contrast, predators should
 concentrate their hunting activities towards warmer patches. In this
 study, we test these predictions in a laboratory setup and an artificial
 environment that mimics more natural conditions. In both cases, we scored
 thermal patch use of newt larvae (prey) and free-ranging dragonfly nymphs
 (predators). Similar effects were seen in both settings. The newt larvae
 spent less time in the warm patch if dragonfly nymphs were present. The
 patch use of the dragonfly nymphs did not change as a function of prey
 availability, even when the nymphs were starved prior to the experiment.
 Our behavioral observations partially corroborate predictions of the
 thermal game model. In line with asymmetric fitness pay-offs in
 predator-prey interactions (the ‘life-dinner’ principle), the prey’s
 thermal strategy is more sensitive to the presence of predators than vice
 versa.
description: Thermal games between
 prey and predatorDataset is divided into
 six sheets: 1. Newt+dragonfly_lab – data from laboratory experiment 2.
 Newt_seminatural – prey data from seminatural experiment 3.
 Newt_seminatural_predation – prey predation data from seminatural
 experiments 4. Dragonfly_seminatural - predator data from seminatural
 experiment 5. Dragonfly_seminatural_2012 - predator data from seminatural
 experiment in 2012 6. Dragonfly_lab_2012 - predator data from seminatural
 experiment in 2012 See sheet 1 for column explanations.Dataset_DRYAD.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pn397
title: Data from: Responses of neurogenesis and neuroplasticity related genes to elevated CO2 levels in the brain of three teleost species

description: The continuous increase of anthropogenic CO2 in the atmosphere resulting
 in ocean acidification has been reported to affect brain function in some
 fishes. During adulthood, cell proliferation is fundamental for fish brain
 growth and for it to adapt in response to external stimuli, such as
 environmental changes. Here we report the first expression study of genes
 regulating neurogenesis and neuroplasticity in brains of three-spined
 stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), cinnamon anemonefish (Amphiprion
 melanopus) and spiny damselfish (Acanthochromis polyacanthus) exposed to
 elevated CO2. The mRNA expression levels of the neurogenic differentiation
 factor (NeuroD) and doublecortin (DCX) were upregulated in three-spined
 stickleback exposed to high-CO2 compared with controls, while no changes
 were detected in the other species. The mRNA expression levels of the
 proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the brain-derived
 neurotrophic factor (BDNF) remained unaffected in the high-CO2 exposed
 groups compared to the control in all three species. These results
 indicate a species-specific regulation of genes involved in neurogenesis
 in response to elevated ambient CO2 levels. The higher expression of
 NeuroD and DCX mRNA transcripts in the brain of high-CO2–exposed
 three-spined stickleback, together with the lack of effects on mRNA levels
 in cinnamon anemonefish and spiny damselfish, indicate differences in
 coping mechanisms among fish in response to the predicted-future CO2
 level.
description: Lai et al.,
 2017_DataSets_Biology letterCp values and priming
 efficiencies were calculated using the second derivative maximum method
 (Roche Lightcycler 480; Rasmussen, 2001) and the LinRegPCR software
 (Ruijter et al., 2009), respectively. Subsequently, relative mRNA
 expression levels were calculated using the following formula: Expression
 of target gene = (Ega^Cpga/Etar^Cptar) Where ga is the geometric average
 of the two reference genes; tar is the target gene of interest, E is
 priming efficiency and Cp is the crossing point. Since duplicate cDNA
 syntheses were performed, and each of these were analysed in duplicates in
 the qPCR analyses, four data points were present for each original sample
 for each primer pair used, and their means were used in the mRNA
 expression calculations.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8b28n
title: Data from: Nutrient deficiencies and the restriction of compensatory mechanisms in copepods

description: 1.The flexible regulation of feeding behaviour and nutrient metabolism is
 a prerequisite for consumers to grow and survive under variable food
 conditions. Thus, it is essential to understand the ecological trade-offs
 that restrict regulatory mechanisms in consumers to evaluate the
 consequences of nutrient limitations for trophic interactions. 2.Here, we
 assessed behavioural and physiological adjustments to nutrient
 deficiencies in copepods and examined whether energy limitation, food
 digestibility or co-limitation with a second nutrient restricted
 compensatory mechanisms. 3.A combination of 13C-labelling and
 compound-specific stable isotope measurements revealed that copepods
 compensated nitrogen deficiencies by raising retention efficiencies of
 amino acids. The costs of higher retention efficiencies were reflected in
 the doubling of structural fatty acids, probably required for
 morphological adaptations of the gut. A depletion of highly unsaturated
 fatty acids in storage lipids and their selective retention suggested that
 these fatty acids became co-limiting and restricted a further increase in
 amino acids retention efficiencies. 4.Copepods feeding on
 phosphorus-limited algae showed a marked increase of ingestion rates but
 were not fully able to compensate dietary deficiencies. The increase of
 ingestion rates was thereby not restricted by higher foraging costs
 because energy storage in copepods increased. Instead thicker cell walls
 of nutrient limited algae indicated that algal digestion resistance
 restricted the extent of surplus feeding. 5.The strongly nutrient-specific
 response of copepods had large implications for recycling rates, growth
 efficiencies and the potential top-down control at the plant-animal
 interface. Compensatory mechanisms to mitigate nutrient deficiencies are,
 therefore, an essential aspect of trophic interactions and have the
 potential to alter the structure of food-web.
description: MasterfileDifferent data sets (biochemical data for calculation of retention rates in consumers, feeding rates, stoichiometry, etc.) are stored in different excel sheets.Datafile_Burian et al. (2017) Nutrient deficiencies and the restriction of compensatory mechansims in copepods.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4ms2kf1
title: Data from: Extrapair mating and the strength of sexual selection: insights from a polymorphic species

description: Extra-pair mating could drive sexual selection in socially monogamous
 species, but support for this hypothesis remains equivocal. We used
 lifetime fitness data and a unique model species, the dimorphic
 white-throated sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), to examine how extra-pair
 mating affects the potential for sexual selection. The morphs of this
 species employ distinct reproductive strategies, with white males pursuing
 extra-pair mating at higher rates than tan counterparts. Social and
 extra-pair mating is disassortative by morph, with paternity exchange
 occurring primarily between pairs composed of white males and tan females.
 We predicted stronger sexual selection as quantified by Bateman gradients
 and standardized variance in reproductive success in white compared to tan
 males. Furthermore, because males drive extra-pair mating, we predicted
 costs of multiple mating and a negative Bateman gradient in tan females.
 The Bateman gradient for lifetime reproductive success was larger in white
 than tan males, and extra-pair mating contributed more to the Bateman
 gradient for white males. However, the Bateman gradient was positive in
 tan females. White males had higher variance in annual reproductive
 success than tan males or females, but variance in lifetime reproductive
 success did not differ between the morphs or sexes. Moreover, extra-pair
 mating did not increase variance in male reproductive success relative to
 apparent patterns, and within-pair success accounted for much more
 variance than extra-pair success. Although extra-pair mating in white
 males increases Bateman gradients, and potential for sexual selection via
 mate numbers, these latter results call the overall importance of
 extra-pair mating in driving selection into question.
description: Reproductive success and
 mate numbers of white-throated sparrowsThis file consists of
 the data associated with the manuscript, "Extra-pair mating and the
 strength of sexual selection: Insights from a polymorphic species".
 Each line contains an individual ID, the year of reproductive performance,
 the morph (white-striped or tan-striped), the sex, the number of mates for
 that year, the number of offspring produced for that year, and the number
 of social versus extra-pair mates. In addition, for each individual,
 lifetime reproductive success, and the number of mates averaged across the
 lifespan is given. In the columns "Mates2" and
 "SocMates2", social mates with which an individual did not
 produce genetic offspring were not assigned as mates. In the primary
 analysis (i.e. in the "Mates" and "Soc Mates Yr"
 columns), these social mates were assigned as mates, as explained in the
 manuscript.Bateman gradient data WTSP,
 9-19-18.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7vs2c
title: Data from: Gene duplication in an African cichlid adaptive radiation

description: Background: Gene duplication is a source of evolutionary innovation and
 can contribute to the divergence of lineages; however, the relative
 importance of this process remains to be determined. The explosive
 divergence of the African cichlid adaptive radiations provides both a
 model for studying the general role of gene duplication in the divergence
 of lineages and also an exciting foray into the identification of genomic
 features that underlie the dramatic phenotypic and ecological
 diversification in this particular lineage. We present the first
 genome-wide study of gene duplication in African cichlid fishes,
 identifying gene duplicates in three species belonging to the Lake Malawi
 adaptive radiation (Metriaclima estherae, Protomelas similis,
 Rhamphochromis “chilingali”) and one closely related species from a
 non-radiated riverine lineage (Astatotilapia tweddlei). Results: Using
 Astatotilapia burtoni as reference, microarray comparative genomic
 hybridization analysis of 5689 genes reveals 134 duplicated genes among
 the four cichlid species tested. Between 51 and 55 genes were identified
 as duplicated in each of the three species from the Lake Malawi radiation,
 representing a 38% – 49% increase in number of duplicated genes relative
 to the non-radiated lineage (37 genes). Duplicated genes include several
 that are involved in immune response, ATP metabolism and detoxification.
 Conclusions: These results contribute to our understanding of the
 abundance and type of gene duplicates present in cichlid fish lineages.
 The duplicated genes identified in this study provide candidates for the
 analysis of functional relevance with regard to phenotype and divergence.
 Comparative sequence analysis of gene duplicates can address the role of
 positive selection and adaptive evolution by gene duplication, while
 further study across the phylogenetic range of cichlid radiations (and
 more generally in other adaptive radiations) will determine whether the
 patterns of gene duplication seen in this study consistently accompany
 rapid radiation.
description: Machado_et_al_ND2alignmentFasta format DNA sequence alignment of 180 cichlid ND2 gene sequencesMachado_et_al treefileNewick format phylogenetic tree
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1jf03
title: Data from: Protein pheromone expression levels predict and respond to the formation of social dominance networks

description: Communication signals are key regulators of social networks and are
 thought to be under selective pressure to honestly reflect social status,
 including dominance status. The odours of dominants and nondominants
 differentially influence behaviour, and identification of the specific
 pheromones associated with, and predictive of, dominance status is
 essential for understanding the mechanisms of network formation and
 maintenance. In mice, major urinary proteins (MUPs) are excreted in
 extraordinary large quantities and expression level has been hypothesized
 to provide an honest signal of dominance status. Here, we evaluate whether
 MUPs are associated with dominance in wild-derived mice by analysing
 expression levels before, during and after competition for reproductive
 resources over 3 days. During competition, dominant males have 24% greater
 urinary MUP expression than nondominants. The MUP darcin, a pheromone that
 stimulates female attraction, is predictive of dominance status: dominant
 males have higher darcin expression before competition. Dominants also
 have a higher ratio of darcin to other MUPs before and during competition.
 These differences appear transient, because there are no differences in
 MUPs or darcin after competition. We also find MUP expression is affected
 by sire dominance status: socially naive sons of dominant males have lower
 MUP expression, but this apparent repression is released during
 competition. A requisite condition for the evolution of communication
 signals is honesty, and we provide novel insight into pheromones and
 social networks by showing that MUP and darcin expression is a reliable
 signal of dominance status, a primary determinant of male fitness in many
 species.
description: Dryad_Data_IIData pertaining to social dominance status and measurements of MUP expression.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.397vm
title: Data from: Foraging impacts of Asian megafauna on tropical rainforest structure and biodiversity

description: Megaherbivores are known to influence the structure, composition, and
 diversity of vegetation. In Central Africa, forest elephants act as
 ecological filters by breaking tree saplings and stripping them of
 foliage. Much less is known about impacts of megafauna on Southeast Asian
 rain forests. Here, we ask whether herbivory by Asian megafauna has
 impacts analogous to those of African forest elephants. To answer this, we
 studied forest (1) structure, (2) composition, (3) diversity, and (4) tree
 scars in Belum and Krau, two protected areas of Peninsular Malaysia, and
 compared the results with those obtained in African forests. Elephants are
 abundant in Belum but have been absent in Krau since 1993. We found that
 stem density and diversity, especially of tree saplings, were higher in
 Krau than in Belum. Palms and other monocots were also more abundant in
 Krau. In Belum, however, small monocots (&lt;1 m tall) were very
 abundant but larger ones (&gt;1 m tall) were virtually absent,
 suggesting size-selective removal. The frequency of stem-break scars was
 equal at Belum and Krau but less than in Central Africa and greater than
 in the Peruvian Amazon where tapirs are the only megafauna. Pigs and
 tapirs could also contribute to the high frequency of tree scars recorded
 in Malaysian forests. Forest-dwelling elephants in Asia seem to have a
 reduced impact on tree saplings compared to African forest elephants, but
 a very strong impact on monocots.
description: Terborgh.et.al.2017.Foranging.impacts.Asian.megafaunaThis file contains data for Terborgh et al. 2017. Foraging impacts of Asian megafauna on tropical rain forest structure and biodiversity. The data is divided in two spreadsheets – one for data from the 20x5 plots (saplings and adults) and one of the 1x1 plots (seedlings and small plants).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6200r
title: Data from: Multidimensional environmental predictors of variation in avian forest and city life histories

description: Optimal life-history decisions are shaped by prevailing environmental
 conditions. In the context of urbanization, environmental differences
 between urban and rural areas are known to vary across a multitude of
 axes. The relative roles of specific axes and whether they explain
 variation in avian life histories between forest and city populations have
 not often been studied empirically. This study comprehensively views
 urbanization from a multidimensional environmental perspective. For each
 of 13 nest box plots of a common passerine bird (the great tit Parus
 major), we quantified temperature, humidity, light, and noise, and
 subsequently assessed direct versus indirect effects of each environmental
 axis on components of annual reproductive success by applying a path
 analytical framework. All quantified environmental axes, and life-history
 traits, showed substantial repeatable variation between the plots. Forest
 and city plots differed tremendously in temperature, humidity, and light.
 We were able to attribute among-population variation in life history to
 variation in these environmental effects. However, the simple dichotomy
 between forest and city populations explained the data best. Birds in the
 city laid earlier, which indirectly resulted in smaller clutches, and
 their offspring fledged in poorer condition, compared to conspecifics in
 forests. Those differences persisted after controlling for temperature,
 humidity, light, and noise, which implies that they were shaped by other
 factors than the ones quantified in this study. In summary, our findings
 question the common interpretation that differences between forest and
 city areas relate to specific environmental axes that covary with
 urbanization, especially in in lieu of quantitative measurements.
description: Table Path
 analysisThe table contains
 averaged data of life history traits (lay date, clutch size, number
 fledglings and nestling mass) as well as the quantified environmental
 factors (humidity, temperature, light and noise) per female (Bird ID) and
 Year. Averaged data for lay date and clutch size on plot level were used
 to calculate indirect effects of the path models.Table
 EnvironmentThe table contains data
 of the quantified environmental factors. Temperature, humidity and light
 are averaged per daily time interval between 22h00 and 04h00 and noise was
 averaged over 24 hour time interval.