cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8b416
title: Data from: Morphometric traits capture the climatically driven species turnover of 10 spruce taxa across China

description: This study explored the relative roles of climate and phylogenetic
 background in driving morphometric trait variation in 10 spruce taxa in
 China. The study further addressed the hypothesis that these variations
 are consistent with species turnover on climatic gradients. Nine
 morphometric traits of leaves, seed cones, and seeds for the 10 studied
 spruce taxa were measured at 504 sites. These data were analyzed in
 combination with species DNA sequences from NCBI GenBank. We detected the
 effects of phylogeny and climate through trait-variation-based K
 statistics and phylogenetic eigenvector regression (PVR) analyses.
 Multivariate analyses were performed to detect trait variation along
 climatic gradients with species replacement. The estimated K-values for
 the nine studied morphometric traits ranged from 0.19 to 0.68, and the
 studied environmental variables explained 39–83% of the total trait
 variation. Trait variation tended to be determined largely by a
 temperature gradient varying from wet-cool climates to dry-warm summers
 and, additionally, by a moisture gradient. As the climate became wetter
 and cooler, spruce species tended to be replaced by other spruces with
 smaller needle leaves and seeds but larger cones and seed scales. A
 regression analysis showed that spruce species tended to be successively
 replaced by other species, along the gradient, although the trends
 observed within species were not necessarily consistent with the overall
 trend. The climatically driven replacement of the spruces in question
 could be well indicated by the between-species variation in morphometric
 traits that carry lower phylogenetic signal. Between-species variation in
 these traits is driven primarily by climatic factors. These species
 demonstrate a narrower ecological amplitude in temperature but wider
 ranges on the moisture gradient.
description: Sequences used for 10
 spruce species in ChinaSource information and
 GenBank accession numbers all sequences used for 10 spruce species in
 China.mmc1.docSpruce distribution and climate dataSpruce distribution and climate data (LAN, latitude; LON, longitude; AL, altitude) and climatic variables for the 10 spruce taxa. MAT, mean annual air temperature; TCM, mean temperature of the coldest month; TWM, mean temperature of the warmest month; GDD5, growing degree days on a 5˚ C basis; GDD0, growing degree days on a 0˚ C basis; MAP, mean annual precipitation; AET, actual evapotranspiration; PET, potential evapotranspiration; α (AET/PET), aridity index.Spruce distribution data.xlsSpruce trait data9 morphometric traits measured for each of the 10 spruce taxa,include:Needle length, Needle width, Cone length, Cone diameter, Seed scale length, Seed scale width,Seed wing length,Seed wing width andSeed length.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9k6g8
title: Data from: Predatory birds and ants partition caterpillar prey by body size and diet breadth

description: 1.The effects of predator assemblages on herbivores are predicted to
 depend critically on predator-predator interactions and the extent to
 which predators partition prey resources. The role of prey heterogeneity
 in generating such multiple predator effects has received limited
 attention. 2.Vertebrate and arthropod insectivores constitute two
 co-dominant predatory taxa in many ecosystems, and the emergent properties
 of their joint effects on insect herbivores inform theory on multiple
 predator effects as well as biological control of insect herbivores.
 3.Here we use a large-scale factorial manipulation to assess the extent to
 which birds and ants engage in antagonistic predator-predator interactions
 and the consequences of heterogeneity in herbivore body size and diet
 breadth (i.e. the diversity of host plants used) for prey partitioning. We
 excluded birds and reduced ant density (by 60%) in the canopies of eight
 northeastern USA deciduous tree species during two consecutive years and
 measured the community composition and traits of lepidopteran larvae
 (caterpillars). 4.Birds did not affect ant density, implying limited
 intraguild predation between these taxa in this system. Birds preyed
 selectively upon large-bodied caterpillars (reducing mean caterpillar
 length by 12%) and ants preyed selectively upon small-bodied caterpillars
 (increasing mean caterpillar length by 6%). Birds and ants also
 partitioned caterpillar prey by diet breadth. Birds reduced the frequency
 dietary generalist caterpillars by 24% while ants had no effect. In
 contrast, ants reduced the frequency of dietary specialists by 20% while
 birds had no effect, but these effects were non-additive; under bird
 exclusion, ants had no detectable effect, while in the presence of birds
 they reduced the frequency of specialists by 40%. As a likely result of
 prey partitioning by body size and diet breadth, the combined effects of
 birds and ants on total caterpillar density were additive, with birds and
 ants reducing caterpillar density by 44% and 20%, respectively. 5.These
 results show evidence for the role of prey heterogeneity in driving
 functional complementarity among predators and enhanced top-down control.
 Heterogeneity in herbivore body size and diet breadth, as well as other
 prey traits, may represent key predictors of the strength of top-down
 control from predator communities.
description: Data for analyses
 reported in articleThis Excel file contains
 one page for each of the four SAS analyses performed. The Codebook page
 describes the meaning of the headings. Please consult the Methods section
 of the article for further information about analyses and
 data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.777jk760
title: Data from: Forecasting changes in population genetic structure of alpine plants in response to global warming

description: Species range shifts in response to climate and land use change are
 commonly forecasted with species distribution models based on species
 occurrence or abundance data. Although appealing, these models ignore the
 genetic structure of species, and the fact that different populations
 might respond in different ways due to adaptation to their environment.
 Here, we introduced ancestry distribution models, i.e., statistical models
 of the spatial distribution of ancestry proportions, for forecasting
 intra-specific changes based on genetic admixture instead of species
 occurrence data. Using multi-locus genotypes and extensive geographic
 coverage of distribution data across the European Alps, we applied this
 approach to 20 alpine plant species considering a global increase in
 temperature from 0.25°C to 4°C. We forecasted the magnitudes of
 displacement of contact zones between plant populations potentially
 adapted to warmer environments and other populations. While a global trend
 of movement in a northeast direction was predicted, the magnitude of
 displacement was species-specific. For a temperature increase of 2°C,
 contact zones were predicted to move by 92 km on average (minimum of 5 km,
 maximum of 212 km), and by 188 km for an increase of 4°C (minimum of 11
 km, maximum of 393 km). Intra-specific turnover – measuring the extent of
 change in global population genetic structure – was generally found to be
 moderate for 2°C of temperature warming. For 4°C of warming, however, the
 models indicated substantial intra-specific turnover for ten species.
 These results illustrate that, in spite of unavoidable simplifications,
 ancestry distribution models open new perspectives to forecast population
 genetic changes within species, and complement more traditional
 distribution-based approaches.
description: DataMarker data, geographic,
 topographic and climatic information for 20 alpine plant
 species
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f29679q5
title: Data from: Development of a high-throughput microsphere-based molecular assay to identify fifteen common bloodmeal hosts of Culex mosquitoes

description: For vectorborne infections, host selection by bloodfeeding arthropods
 dictates the interaction between host and pathogen. Because Culex
 mosquitoes that transmit West Nile virus (WNV) feed both on mammalian and
 avian hosts with varying competence, understanding the bloodfeeding
 patterns of these mosquitoes is important for understanding the
 transmission dynamics of WNV. Herein, we describe a new microsphere-based
 assay using Luminex xMAP® technology to rapidly identify 15 common hosts
 of Culex mosquitoes at our California study sites. The assay was verified
 with over 100 known vertebrate species samples and was used in conjunction
 with DNA sequencing to identify over 125 avian and mammalian host species
 from unknown Culex bloodmeals, more quickly and with less expense than
 sequencing alone. In addition, with multiplexed labeled probes, this
 microsphere array identified mixed bloodmeals that were difficult to
 discern with traditional sequencing. The microsphere set was easily
 expanded or reduced according to host range in a specific area, and this
 assay has made it possible to rapidly screen thousands of Culex spp.
 bloodmeals to extend our understanding of WNV transmission patterns.
description: identified_seqs_infoidentified_seqsbarcode_seq_infobarcode_seq
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ft8pq
title: Data from: Asymmetric isolating barriers between different microclimatic environments caused by low immigrant survival

description: Spatially variable selection has the potential to result in local
 adaptation unless counteracted by gene flow. Therefore, barriers to gene
 flow will help facilitate divergence between populations that differ in
 local selection pressures. We performed spatially and temporally
 replicated reciprocal field transplant experiments between inland and
 coastal habitats using males of the common blue damselfly (Enallagma
 cyathigerum) as our study organism. Males from coastal populations had
 lower local survival rates than resident males at inland sites, whereas we
 detected no differences between immigrant and resident males at coastal
 sites, suggesting asymmetric local adaptation in a source–sink system.
 There were no intrinsic differences in longevity between males from the
 different environments suggesting that the observed differences in male
 survival are environment-dependent and probably caused by local
 adaptation. Furthermore, the coastal environment was found to be warmer
 and drier than the inland environment, further suggesting local adaptation
 to microclimatic factors has lead to differential survival of resident and
 immigrant males. Our results suggest that low survival of immigrant males
 mediates isolation between closely located populations inhabiting
 different microclimatic environments.
description: male
 viabilitySurvival data for
 reciprocal transplant of dusted males caught across two environments and
 four replicate populations between 2006-2008.male_viability.xlsmale_viability_labSurvival times (in hours) of wild caught males, kept in a laboratory from four populations, spanning the two environments of interestfemale_fecundityfecundity data for females found to have mated with dusted malessexual_isolationfemales caught at 4 replicate population across two environments that had mated with marked malesworldclim_dataThis file contains the location and distance from coast for our 258 randomly generated populations. To add the 9 variables from the WorldClim dataset please see the readme.txt file
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d1b7h
title: Data from: Larval food quantity affects the capacity of adult mosquitoes to transmit human malaria

description: Adult traits of holometabolous insects are shaped by conditions
 experienced during larval development, which might impact interactions
 between adult insect hosts and parasites. However, the ecology of larval
 insects that vector disease remains poorly understood. Here, we used
 Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes and the human malaria parasite Plasmodium
 falciparum, to investigate whether larval conditions affect the capacity
 of adult mosquitoes to transmit malaria. We reared larvae in two groups;
 one group received a standard laboratory rearing diet, whereas the other
 received a reduced diet. Emerging adult females were then provided an
 infectious blood meal. We assessed mosquito longevity, parasite
 development rate and prevalence of infectious mosquitoes over time.
 Reduced larval food led to increased adult mortality and caused a delay in
 parasite development and a slowing in the rate at which parasites invaded
 the mosquito salivary glands, extending the time it took for mosquitoes to
 become infectious. Together, these effects increased transmission
 potential of mosquitoes in the high food regime by 260–330%. Such effects
 have not, to our knowledge, been shown previously for human malaria and
 highlight the importance of improving knowledge of larval ecology to
 better understand vector-borne disease transmission dynamics.
description: Post-Infectious Survival
 DataData for post infectious
 blood meal survival for Anopheles stephensi females.SurvivalData_Larval_Pf_Dryad.xlsxSporozoite Prevalence over TimeData for prevalence of sporozoites in dissected mosquitoes from days 9-16 following infectious blood meal. "1" indicates presence of sporozoites; "0" indicates no sporozoites presentSPZ_Raw.csvoocyst prevalence and intensity over timePrevalence and intensity of oocysts in dissected midguts on days 5-10 following an infectious blood meal. For prevalence, "1" indicates oocysts were present, "0" indicates no oocysts present.oocysts.csvR Code for Analysis of infection dynamicsR code for analysis of infection dynamicsChapter3_EIP_CompleteCode.REIPSurvivalAnalysisR Code for parametric survival analysis on both blocks & food groups
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n11d4
title: Data from: Recurrent insect outbreaks caused by temperature-driven changes in system stability

description: Insect species often undergo regular outbreaks in population density, but
 identifying the causal mechanism for such outbreaks in any particular
 species has proven difficult. Here we show that outbreak cycles in the tea
 tortrix Adoxophyes honmai can be explained by temperature-driven changes
 in system stability. Wavelet analysis of a 51yr time series spanning over
 200 outbreaks reveals a threshold in outbreak amplitude each spring when
 temperature exceeds 15°C, and a secession of outbreaks each fall as
 temperature decreases. This is in close agreement with our independently
 parameterized mathematical model that predicts the system crosses a Hopf
 bifurcation from stability to sustained cycles as temperature increases.
 These results suggest that temperature can alter system stability and
 provide an explanation for generation cycles in multivoltine insects.
description: Adult densities of
 Adoxophyes honmai in JapanThe data are adult
 counts of Adoxophyes honmai from a light trap at the Kagoshima tea
 research station in Japan.Kagoshima_Ahonmai_LONGER.csvMean daily temperature (C) at the Kagoshima tea station in JapanMean daily temperature (C) at the Kagoshima tea station in JapanKagoshima_Meteo_temp_LONGER.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.26f7v
title: Data from: Fine-scale spatial genetic structure in the frankincense tree Boswellia papyrifera (Del.) Hochst. and implications for conservation

description: The fine-scale genetic structure and how it varies between generations
 depends on the spatial scale of gene dispersal and other fundamental
 aspects of species’ biology, such as the mating system. Such knowledge is
 crucial for the design of genetic conservation strategies. This is
 particularly relevant for species that are increasingly fragmented such as
 Boswellia papyrifera. This species occurs in dry tropical forests from
 Ethiopia, Eritrea and Sudan and is an important source of frankincense, a
 highly valued aromatic resin obtained from the bark of the tree. This
 study assessed the genetic diversity and fine-scale spatial genetic
 structure (FSGS) of two cohorts (adults and seedlings) from two
 populations (Guba-Arenja and Kurmuk) in Western Ethiopia and inferred
 intra-population gene dispersal in the species, using microsatellite
 markers. The expected heterozygosity (HE) was 0.664–0.724. The spatial
 analyses based on kinship coefficient (Fij) revealed a significant
 positive genetic correlation up to a distance of 130 m. Spatial genetic
 structure was relatively weak (Sp = 0.002–0.014) indicating that gene
 dispersal is extensive within the populations. Based on the FSGS patterns
 found, we estimate indirectly gene dispersal distances of 103 and 124 m
 for the two populations studied. The high heterozygosity, the low fixation
 index and the low Sp values found in this study are consistent with
 outcrossing as the (predominant) mating system in B. papyrifera. We
 suggest that seed collection for ex situ conservation and reforestation
 programmes of B. papyrifera should use trees separated by distances of at
 least 100 m but preferably 150 m to limit genetic relatedness among seeds
 from different trees.
description: Microsatellite marker
 data of Boswellia papyrifera populations in EthiopiaThe file "Data
 fine-scale structure of Boswellia papyrifera TGGE paper.xlsx"
 contains the microsatellite data used in the study " Fine-scale
 spatial genetic structure in the frankincense tree Boswellia papyrifera
 (Del.) Hochst. and implications for conservation", by A. B.
 Addisalem, J. Duminil, D. Wouters, F. Bongers, M. J. M. Smulders,
 published in Tree Genetics & Genomes (2016) DOI
 10.1007/s11295-016-1039-2. The data are given both as a list (sheet
 ‘Genotype and GPS’) and as input files for SpaGeDi (sheets ‘Input for
 SPAGEDI’). Microsatellite marker data are given as allele size in bp, two
 columns per genotype/marker, 0 = null alleleData fine-scale structure of
 Boswellia papyrifera TGGE paper.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n4r2t
title: Data from: Incongruence between mtDNA and nuclear data in the freshwater mussel genus Cyprogenia (Bivalvia: Unionidae) and its impact on species delineation

description: Accurately identifying species is a crucial step for developing
 conservation strategies for freshwater mussels, one of the most imperiled
 faunas in North America. This study uses genetic data to re-examine
 species delineation in the genus Cyprogenia. Historically, Cyprogenia
 found west of the Mississippi River have been ascribed to Cyprogenia
 aberti (Conrad 1850), and those east of the Mississippi River were
 classified as Cyprogenia stegaria (Rafinesque 1820). Previous studies
 using mitochondrial DNA sequences indicated that C. aberti and C. stegaria
 were not reciprocally monophyletic groups, suggesting the need for
 systematic revision. We generated a novel dataset consisting of 10
 microsatellite loci and combined it with sequence data from the
 mitochondrial ND1 gene for 223 Cyprogenia specimens. Bayesian analysis of
 the ND1 nucleotide sequences identified two divergent clades that differ
 by 15.9%. Members of these two clades occur sympatrically across most
 sampling locations. In contrast, microsatellite genotypes support
 recognition of three allopatric clusters defined by major hydrologic
 basins. The divergent mitochondrial lineages are highly correlated with
 the color of the conglutinate lures used by mussels to attract and infest
 host fishes, and tests for selection at the ND1 locus were positive. We
 infer that the incongruence between mtDNA and microsatellite data in
 Cyprogenia may be the result of a combination of incomplete lineage
 sorting and balancing selection on lure color. Our results provide further
 evidence that mitochondrial markers are not always neutral with respect to
 selection, and highlight the potential problems of relying on a
 single-locus-marker for delineating species.
description: Cyprogenia_DNAseq.nexCyprogenia mitochondrial sequencesCyprogenia_GenotypingCyprogenia microsatellites dataCyprogenia_SampleCyprogenia sample information
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.340g8
title: Data from: How environmental conditions shape the chemical signal design of lizards

description: 1. The signals that animals use to communicate often differ considerably
 among species. Part of this variation in signal design may derive from
 differential natural selection on signal efficacy; the ability of the
 signal to travel efficiently through the environment and attract the
 receiver’s attention. For the visual and acoustic modalities, the effect
 of the physical environment on signal efficacy is a well-studied selective
 force. Still, very little is known on its impact on the chemical
 signalling system. 2. Here, we take a broad, phylogenetic comparative
 approach to test for a relationship between animals’ signal chemistry and
 properties of their natural environment. Our study focused on lizards from
 the Lacertidae family. 3. We sampled 64 species across three continents
 and determined the lipophilic composition of their glandular signalling
 secretions by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). For each
 species, an array of environmental variables of high temporal and spatial
 resolution was obtained from climate databases. 4. Species varied
 considerably in the overall richness (number of constituents) of their
 secretions, as well as in the relative contribution of the major chemical
 compound classes. Signal richness and the relative contribution of the
 respective compounds exhibited little evidence of phylogenetic
 relatedness, suggesting that chemical signals may change very rapidly.
 While neither insularity nor substrate use affected chemical signal
 composition, we found a strong statistical relationship between the
 chemistry of the lizards’ secretions and aspects of the thermal and hydric
 environment they inhabit. 5. Species from ‘xeric’ milieus contained high
 proportions of stable fatty acid esters and high molecular weight alcohols
 in their glandular secretions, which likely increase the persistence of
 secretion scent-marks. In contrast, species inhabiting ‘mesic’
 environments produced secretions of a high chemical richness comprising
 high levels of aldehydes and low molecular weight alcohols. This chemical
 mix probably creates a volatile-rich signal that can be used for
 long-distance airborne communication. 6. We argue that the observed
 variation in chemical signal design results from differential natural
 selection, optimizing signal efficacy under contrasting environmental
 conditions.
description: Chemical composition of
 the glandular secretion of lizardsMain classes of
 lipophilic compounds found in femoral gland secretions of male lacertid
 lizards obtained through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
 (GC-MS).Supplementary_data.pdf