DOI: 10.5061/dryad.230t0
title: Data from: Selection experiments reveal trade-offs between swimming and twitching motilities in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

description: Bacteria possess a range of mechanisms to move in different environments,
 and these mechanisms have important direct and correlated impacts on the
 virulence of opportunistic pathogens. Bacteria use two surface organelles
 to facilitate motility: a single polar flagellum, and type IV pili,
 enabling swimming in aqueous habitats and twitching along hard surfaces,
 respectively. Here, we address whether there are trade-offs between these
 motility mechanisms, and hence whether different environments could select
 for altered motility. We experimentally evolved initially isogenic
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa under conditions which favoured the different types
 of motility, and found evidence for a trade-off mediated by antagonistic
 pleiotropy between swimming and twitching. Moreover, changes in motility
 resulted in correlated changes in other behaviours, including biofilm
 formation and growth within an insect host. This suggests environmental
 origins of a particular motile opportunistic pathogen could predictably
 influence motility and virulence.
description: Cross Inoculation
 DataCross Inoculation
 Data.csv, Data description: Data used to create Figure 1: Cross
 inoculation of evolved strains between evolutionary environments. The data
 gives the area of dispersal of the evolved strains relative to the
 ancestral strain from which all strains were derived. There are 6
 replicate lines, which were averaged to give “Mean Area Relative to
 Ancestor”. Data was collected in the lab and analysed using ImageJ.
 Columns correspond to: Strain Replicate: the name allocated to each of the
 replicate lines, e.g. H1 corresponds to replicate line 1 evolved on hard
 agar. Agar Type on which Strain was Evolved: Strains were either evolved
 in hard or liquid agar. Agar Type onto which Strain was Inoculated:
 Strains were either inoculated onto hard or liquid agar. Area Relative to
 Ancestor: Area of evolved strain under each treatment group was divided by
 area of ancestral strain under the same treatment to give a relative
 measurement of area dispersed. Selection Type: Strains were either under
 positive or neutral artificial selection for dispersal.Vmax
 DataVmax Data.csv, Data
 description: Data used to create Figure 2: Average growth rate of evolved
 strains in vitro relative to the ancestral strain. The data gives the
 growth rate of the evolved strains relative to the ancestral strain from
 which all strains were derived. There are 6 replicate lines, which were
 averaged to give “Growth Rate Relative to Ancestor”. Data was collected in
 the laboratory using a spectrophotometer. Columns correspond to: Strain
 Replicate; the name allocated to each of the replicate lines, e.g. H1
 corresponds to replicate line 1 evolved on hard agar. Vmax Replicate: The
 Vmax was measured independently twice in order to provide replicates. This
 value was averaged in statistical analysis. Agar Type on which Strain was
 Evolved: Strains were either evolved in hard or liquid agar. Vmax Relative
 to Ancestor: Vmax of evolved strain under each treatment group was divided
 by Vmax of ancestral strain under the same treatment to give a relative
 measurement of area dispersed. Averaged Vmax Replicates: Replicate
 relative Vmax measurements were averaged. Selection Type: Strains were
 either under positive or neutral artificial selection for
 dispersal.Biofilm
 DataBiofilm Data.csv, Data
 description: Data used to create Figure 3: Biofilm production of evolved
 strains. Results show the average biofilm production of 6 isolates evolved
 in each experimental environment, relative to the ancestral strain from
 which all evolved strains were derived. Data was collected in the
 laboratory using a crystal violet staining method. Columns correspond to:
 Strain Replicate: the name allocated to each of the replicate lines, e.g.
 H1 corresponds to replicate line 1 evolved on hard agar. Bioflim
 Replicate: The biofilm production was measured independently eight times
 in order to provide replicates. This value was averaged in statistical
 analysis. Agar Type on which Strain was Evolved: Strains were either
 evolved in hard or liquid agar. Biofilm Relative to Ancestor: Vmax of
 evolved strain under each treatment group was divided by Vmax of ancestral
 strain under the same treatment to give a relative measurement of area
 dispersed. Averaged Biofilm Replicates: Replicate relative biofilm
 measurements were averaged. Selection Type: Strains were either under
 positive or neutral artificial selection for dispersal.In vivo Growth
 DataIn vivo Growth Data.csv,
 Data description: Data used to create Figure 4: Average growth rate of
 evolved strains within a host (G. mellonella) relative to the ancestral
 strain. Data was collected in the laboratory. Columns correspond to:
 Strain Replicate: the name allocated to each of the replicate lines, e.g.
 H1 corresponds to replicate line 1 evolved on hard agar. In vivo
 Replicate: The in vivo growth rate production was measured independently
 four times in order to provide replicates. This value was averaged in
 statistical analysis. Agar Type on which Strain was Evolved: Strains were
 either evolved in hard or liquid agar. In vivo Relative to Ancestor: In
 vivo growth rate of evolved strain under each treatment group was divided
 by In vivo growth rate of ancestral strain under the same treatment to
 give a relative measurement of area dispersed. Averaged In vivo
 Replicates: Replicate relative in vivo growth rate measurements were
 averaged. Selection Type: Strains were either under positive or neutral
 artificial selection for dispersal. Caterpillar Fresh Weight: The weight
 of each caterpillar was measured before inoculation to control for the
 effects of caterpillar size on bacterial growth.