cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129941
title: Supplementary Material for: Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis of Living Donor Kidneys Associates with Urinary Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Non-invasive biomarkers that detect occult pathology in patients with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and normal urine albumin excretion may help identify patients at risk for chronic kidney diseases. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Two promising biomarkers of interstitial fibrosis, urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and collagen IV, were assayed among 634 living kidney donors from 2005 to 2011, who had both a frozen pre-donation spot urine sample and a core needle biopsy of their donated kidney at transplantation (‘time zero biopsy'). The association of urine MCP-1 and collagen IV with kidney function (GFR and urine albumin excretion), kidney volume on computed tomographic imaging and histological findings was assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean ± SD age was 45 ± 12 years, 24-hour urine albumin was 4 ± 7 mg and measured GFR (mGFR) was 102 ± 18 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. The median (25th-75th percentile) urine level of MCP-1 was 146 (54-258) pg/ml and of collagen IV was 2.0 (1.0-3.5) µg/l. Higher urine MCP-1 associated with higher 24-hour urine albumin excretion; higher urine collagen IV associated with male gender. On kidney biopsy, any interstitial fibrosis was present in 22% and fibrosis &gt;5% in 4% of donors. The mean MCP-1/Cr ratio was 1.49 pg/mg for 0% fibrosis, 1.80 pg/mg for 1-5% fibrosis, 2.33 pg/mg for 6-10% fibrosis and 4.33 pg/mg for &gt;10% fibrosis. After adjustment for age, sex, mGFR and 24-hour urine albumin, higher urine MCP-1 but not collagen IV associated with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Urine MCP-1 may detect early tubulointerstitial fibrosis in adults with normal kidney function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129938
title: Supplementary Material for: Langfristige Wirkung von Psychotherapie bei nichtchronischen Depressionen: Ein systematisches Review von Studien im Vergleich mit Pharmakotherapie

description: Die kurzfristige Wirksamkeit von Psycho- und Pharmakotherapie bei Depressionen, ob als Monotherapie oder in Kombination, ist durch viele Studien gut belegt. Weitaus weniger Belege gibt es jedoch für die langfristige Wirksamkeit ab 1 Jahr nach Akuttherapie dieser Behandlungsformen. Durch eine systematische Suche in den Datenbanken Pubmed und PsychINFO konnten 13 randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs; Psychotherapie vs. Pharmakotherapie in Kombination oder als Monotherapien) identifiziert werden, bei denen Follow-up-Ergebnisse vorliegen; der entsprechende Follow-up-Zeitraum lag dabei zwischen 13 und 75 Monaten (M = 27,06). Meist kam als psychotherapeutisches Verfahren die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie zum Einsatz. Die Studienlage spricht für eine Überlegenheit der Psychotherapie oder der Kombination aus Psychotherapie und Pharmakotherapie im Vergleich zur Pharmakotherapie mit oder ohne Erhaltungsphase nach der Akutbehandlung bezüglich langfristiger Effekte über die Beendigung der Therapie hinaus. Die Studien sind aufgrund vielfältiger methodischer Faktoren nur begrenzt vergleichbar (z.B. hinsichtlich der Datenselektion zu Patienten mit und ohne Therapieerfolg nach Akuttherapie oder weiterer Behandlungen im Follow-up-Zeitraum). Um besser abgesicherte Aussagen zur langfristigen Wirksamkeit von Psycho- und Pharmakotherapie in der Behandlung der Depression treffen zu können, bedarf es weiterer RCTs mit längeren Follow-up-Zeiträumen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129941.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis of Living Donor Kidneys Associates with Urinary Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Non-invasive biomarkers that detect occult pathology in patients with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and normal urine albumin excretion may help identify patients at risk for chronic kidney diseases. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Two promising biomarkers of interstitial fibrosis, urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and collagen IV, were assayed among 634 living kidney donors from 2005 to 2011, who had both a frozen pre-donation spot urine sample and a core needle biopsy of their donated kidney at transplantation (‘time zero biopsy'). The association of urine MCP-1 and collagen IV with kidney function (GFR and urine albumin excretion), kidney volume on computed tomographic imaging and histological findings was assessed. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean ± SD age was 45 ± 12 years, 24-hour urine albumin was 4 ± 7 mg and measured GFR (mGFR) was 102 ± 18 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. The median (25th-75th percentile) urine level of MCP-1 was 146 (54-258) pg/ml and of collagen IV was 2.0 (1.0-3.5) µg/l. Higher urine MCP-1 associated with higher 24-hour urine albumin excretion; higher urine collagen IV associated with male gender. On kidney biopsy, any interstitial fibrosis was present in 22% and fibrosis &gt;5% in 4% of donors. The mean MCP-1/Cr ratio was 1.49 pg/mg for 0% fibrosis, 1.80 pg/mg for 1-5% fibrosis, 2.33 pg/mg for 6-10% fibrosis and 4.33 pg/mg for &gt;10% fibrosis. After adjustment for age, sex, mGFR and 24-hour urine albumin, higher urine MCP-1 but not collagen IV associated with interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Urine MCP-1 may detect early tubulointerstitial fibrosis in adults with normal kidney function.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129947.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Obesity, Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade and Risk of Adverse Renal Outcomes: A Population-Based Cohort Study

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Obesity substantially increases the risk of the development of chronic kidney disease. Adipose tissue expresses all of the components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), contributing to the high prevalence of hypertension in obese patients and driving renal hyperfiltration and subsequent glomerular injury. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We performed a retrospective cohort study using a United Kingdom primary care database, evaluating the effect of time-updated exposure to RAS blockade versus all other antihypertensive medications in obese, hypertensive, non-diabetic patients. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling with and without marginal structural modeling to assess the hazards of developing a primary outcome of 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (across 2 consecutive values), end stage renal disease or death. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 219,701 patients met inclusion criteria, with a median 7.2 years of follow-up. Median baseline eGFR was 72.6 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. Compared to other antihypertensive medications, patients treated with RAS blockade had a modestly elevated hazard of adverse renal outcomes using traditional Cox regression (hazard ratio (HR) 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07) and no significantly increased hazard by marginal structural modeling (HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.97-1.08). Patients treated with RAS blockade had a significantly reduced hazard of incident diabetes, but no significant difference in mortality. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> This study, conducted in a large real-world cohort, provides evidence that RAS blockade may not provide benefit with regard to longitudinal renal outcomes in obese, hypertensive patients. Further research is needed to elucidate the hemodynamic and renoprotective role of antihypertensive medications in obese patients.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129932
title: Supplementary Material for: Predictors of Supratentorial Deep Intracerebral Hemorrhage Volume and Their Effect on Short-Term Mortality in Asians

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The volume of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) measured at hospital admission is the strongest predictor of clinical outcomes in patients with ICH. Despite the high incidence rate of ICH in Asians, there is lack of data regarding predictors of ICH volume in this ethnic group. The purpose of this study was to determine predictors of deep ICH volume and examine their effect on short-term mortality in Asians. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Hematoma volume was measured using the ABC/2 method. ICH volume was transformed to the natural log scale to normalize distributions for all analyses. We estimated the coefficients of ICH volume based on relevant predictors using multivariable linear regression. We also determined the association between body mass index (BMI) and ICH volume using a regression line and a line determined by a locally weighted scatter plot smoothing. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A total of 1,039 patients from 2 twin hospitals in Korea who were admitted with primary spontaneous supratentorial deep ICH over a 12-year period were enrolled in this study. The median ICH volume was 19.7 ml. The average patient age was 59.2, and 62.4% of patients were men. The mean ICH volume showed a gradual, approximately 2% decrease per 1 BMI increase in the current study, after adjusting for all relevant variables (β = -0.024; SE 0.004; p &lt; 0.001). In addition, patients with frequent alcohol consumption showed a 10% increase in mean ICH volume (β = 0.098; SE 0.041; p = 0.016), and patients undergoing warfarin treatment showed a 30% increase in mean ICH volume after full adjustment of all relevant variables (β = 0.296; SE 0.050; p &lt; 0.001). Relative to overweight patients, there was a 47, 11, and 18% increase in admission mean ICH volume in underweight, normal weight and obese patients, respectively. Patients in the first quartile and underweight BMI groups had 1.45-fold (hazard ratio (HR) 1.45; 95% CI 1.03-2.03; p = 0.035) and 1.77-fold (HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.10-2.84; p = 0.019) higher increased risk of death during the first 3 months after ICH, retrospectively. In addition, patients in groups with frequent alcohol consumption and warfarin use both showed a significant association with mortality 90 days after ICH. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> We demonstrated the association between various predictors and admission ICH volume with short-term mortality in Asians. Further studies are needed to account for these observations and determine their underlying mechanisms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129938.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Langfristige Wirkung von Psychotherapie bei nichtchronischen Depressionen: Ein systematisches Review von Studien im Vergleich mit Pharmakotherapie

description: Die kurzfristige Wirksamkeit von Psycho- und Pharmakotherapie bei Depressionen, ob als Monotherapie oder in Kombination, ist durch viele Studien gut belegt. Weitaus weniger Belege gibt es jedoch für die langfristige Wirksamkeit ab 1 Jahr nach Akuttherapie dieser Behandlungsformen. Durch eine systematische Suche in den Datenbanken Pubmed und PsychINFO konnten 13 randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs; Psychotherapie vs. Pharmakotherapie in Kombination oder als Monotherapien) identifiziert werden, bei denen Follow-up-Ergebnisse vorliegen; der entsprechende Follow-up-Zeitraum lag dabei zwischen 13 und 75 Monaten (M = 27,06). Meist kam als psychotherapeutisches Verfahren die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie zum Einsatz. Die Studienlage spricht für eine Überlegenheit der Psychotherapie oder der Kombination aus Psychotherapie und Pharmakotherapie im Vergleich zur Pharmakotherapie mit oder ohne Erhaltungsphase nach der Akutbehandlung bezüglich langfristiger Effekte über die Beendigung der Therapie hinaus. Die Studien sind aufgrund vielfältiger methodischer Faktoren nur begrenzt vergleichbar (z.B. hinsichtlich der Datenselektion zu Patienten mit und ohne Therapieerfolg nach Akuttherapie oder weiterer Behandlungen im Follow-up-Zeitraum). Um besser abgesicherte Aussagen zur langfristigen Wirksamkeit von Psycho- und Pharmakotherapie in der Behandlung der Depression treffen zu können, bedarf es weiterer RCTs mit längeren Follow-up-Zeiträumen.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129926
title: Supplementary Material for: Responsiveness and Minimally Important Difference of the 6-Minute Stepper Test in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The validity and reproducibility of the 6-minute stepper test (6MST) have already been demonstrated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the responsiveness of the 6MST to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in patients with COPD, to determine a minimal important difference (MID) for the 6MST, and to compare the 6MST and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixty-two patients with COPD were included in a prospective experimental study. Participants underwent a 3-week inpatient PR program. The primary outcome was the change in the number of steps during the 6MST measured before and after PR. The secondary outcome included the change in the 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) pulse oximetry, heart rate, dyspnea, and leg discomfort during the tests measured before and after PR. MID was determined by anchor-based and distribution approaches. <b><i>Results:</i></b> After PR, we observed a significant increase in the number of steps during the 6MST (22.5 steps; 95% CI 13.8-31.3; p &lt; 0.0001) and in the 6MWD (26.6 m; 95% CI 17.6-35.5; p &lt; 0.0001). The 6MST and 6MWT were improved by 10.1 and 6.5%, respectively. The number of steps during the 6MST was significantly correlated with the 6MWD before (r = 0.72; p &lt; 0.0001) and after PR (r = 0.66; p &lt; 0.0001). MID was estimated to be around 20 steps. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The 6MST appears to be as responsive as the 6MWT in assessing functional improvement during PR in patients with COPD. The 6MST is a low-cost assessment and requires limited space.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129929
title: Supplementary Material for: Perihematomal Diffusion Restriction in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Depends on Hematoma Volume, But Does Not Predict Outcome

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Perihematomal diffusion restriction (PDR) is a frequent finding in primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) on diffusion-weighted MRI. Its frequency, associated clinical and imaging findings and impact on clinical outcome are not well understood. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective single-center analysis of 172 patients with primary ICH who received MRI within 24 h from symptom onset. PDR was defined as a reduction of apparent diffusion coefficient below 550 × 10<sup>-6</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s. Multivariate regression analyses were used to assess independent imaging and clinical predictors of PDR. Clinical outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at discharge. <b><i>Results:</i></b> PDR was present in 88 patients (51.2%). Median PDR volume was 1.1 ml (interquartile range 0.2-4.2). Multivariate analyses identified hematoma volume as the key independent predictor of PDR. The volume of perihematomal edema, lobar hematoma location and low diastolic blood pressure at admission were further predictors. Although the occurrence of PDR correlated with in-hospital mortality (75.0 vs. 43.4%, p &lt; 0.001) and moderately severe to severe disability or death at discharge (mRS ≥4; 56.4 vs. 27.8%, p = 0.002), PDR was not an independent predictor of clinical outcome. In contrast, hematoma volume, ventricular extension of hemorrhage and higher age independently predicted an adverse clinical outcome. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PDR is common after primary ICH within 24 h of symptom onset. Hematoma volume was identified as the key predictor of PDR. Although PDR was associated with mortality and severe disability, this effect was confounded by established risk factors. These results do not support a role of early PDR as prognostic factor after ICH independent of hematoma volume.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129935
title: Supplementary Material for: Clinical Correlates of Reduced Physical Activity in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Little is known about the consequences of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) for physical activity (PA). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We aimed to investigate levels of PA in IPF and to study associations of PA with lung function, exercise capacity, symptoms, and quality of life. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In stable patients with IPF we measured PA (steps per day, SPD; physical activity level, PAL; minutes of moderate activity, MMA) by accelerometry (SenseWear Armband) for 1 week. We also assessed lung function (forced vital capacity, FVC; diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, DLCO); exercise capacity (6-minute walking distance, 6MWD); dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council, mMRC); fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, MFI-20), and generic (12-Item Short Form Survey, SF-12) and health-related quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire) as further clinical variables. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We investigated 48 patients with IPF in two centers (mean age, 67 years; 75% male; 23% on long-term oxygen therapy; mean FVC 75%pred.; mean DLCO 43%pred.; mean 6MWD 355 ± 140 m; mean SPD 5,017 ± 3,360). On a bivariate level, all clinical variables were significantly associated with SPD (p &lt; 0.05). The associations of mMRC, MFI-20, SF-12 (physical health), and 6MWD with SPD were independent of impaired lung function (p &lt; 0.05). At multivariate analyses, either 6MWD (total explained variance of the model, total R<sup>2</sup>: 42%) or MFI-20 (total R<sup>2</sup>: 39%) were the strongest independent predictors of SPD. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Fatigue and exercise capacity are strong and independent predictors of PA in patients with IPF, which suggests that both measures should be assessed when the consequences of IPF for PA in daily life are studied.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129923
title: Supplementary Material for: Free-Floating, Pigmented Cysts in the Anterior Chamber Causing Ocular Hypertension

description: <b><i>Purpose:</i></b> The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and histopathological features of a 36-year-old male with hundreds of recurrent, unilateral, free-floating, pigmented cysts in the anterior chamber causing ocular hypertension. <b><i>Procedures:</i></b> The patient was referred to ocular oncology for blurry vision of the right eye and was found to have myriad pigmented, free-floating cysts in the anterior chamber and heavy pigmentation of the angle on gonioscopy. Anterior chamber washout was performed, and the fluid recovered was sent for pathological analysis. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The pathology report demonstrated rare nonpigmented epithelial cells, more consistent with iris stromal cysts or secondary implantation epithelial cysts. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This paper highlights the first documented case of innumerable spontaneously occurring, unilateral, free-floating, pigmented cysts in the anterior chamber. While clinical diagnosis suggested iris pigment epithelial cysts, pathology suggested iris stromal cysts or secondary implantation epithelial cysts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129926.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Responsiveness and Minimally Important Difference of the 6-Minute Stepper Test in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The validity and reproducibility of the 6-minute stepper test (6MST) have already been demonstrated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to evaluate the responsiveness of the 6MST to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in patients with COPD, to determine a minimal important difference (MID) for the 6MST, and to compare the 6MST and the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixty-two patients with COPD were included in a prospective experimental study. Participants underwent a 3-week inpatient PR program. The primary outcome was the change in the number of steps during the 6MST measured before and after PR. The secondary outcome included the change in the 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) pulse oximetry, heart rate, dyspnea, and leg discomfort during the tests measured before and after PR. MID was determined by anchor-based and distribution approaches. <b><i>Results:</i></b> After PR, we observed a significant increase in the number of steps during the 6MST (22.5 steps; 95% CI 13.8-31.3; p &lt; 0.0001) and in the 6MWD (26.6 m; 95% CI 17.6-35.5; p &lt; 0.0001). The 6MST and 6MWT were improved by 10.1 and 6.5%, respectively. The number of steps during the 6MST was significantly correlated with the 6MWD before (r = 0.72; p &lt; 0.0001) and after PR (r = 0.66; p &lt; 0.0001). MID was estimated to be around 20 steps. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The 6MST appears to be as responsive as the 6MWT in assessing functional improvement during PR in patients with COPD. The 6MST is a low-cost assessment and requires limited space.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5129929.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Perihematomal Diffusion Restriction in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Depends on Hematoma Volume, But Does Not Predict Outcome

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Perihematomal diffusion restriction (PDR) is a frequent finding in primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) on diffusion-weighted MRI. Its frequency, associated clinical and imaging findings and impact on clinical outcome are not well understood. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a retrospective single-center analysis of 172 patients with primary ICH who received MRI within 24 h from symptom onset. PDR was defined as a reduction of apparent diffusion coefficient below 550 × 10<sup>-6</sup> mm<sup>2</sup>/s. Multivariate regression analyses were used to assess independent imaging and clinical predictors of PDR. Clinical outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at discharge. <b><i>Results:</i></b> PDR was present in 88 patients (51.2%). Median PDR volume was 1.1 ml (interquartile range 0.2-4.2). Multivariate analyses identified hematoma volume as the key independent predictor of PDR. The volume of perihematomal edema, lobar hematoma location and low diastolic blood pressure at admission were further predictors. Although the occurrence of PDR correlated with in-hospital mortality (75.0 vs. 43.4%, p &lt; 0.001) and moderately severe to severe disability or death at discharge (mRS ≥4; 56.4 vs. 27.8%, p = 0.002), PDR was not an independent predictor of clinical outcome. In contrast, hematoma volume, ventricular extension of hemorrhage and higher age independently predicted an adverse clinical outcome. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PDR is common after primary ICH within 24 h of symptom onset. Hematoma volume was identified as the key predictor of PDR. Although PDR was associated with mortality and severe disability, this effect was confounded by established risk factors. These results do not support a role of early PDR as prognostic factor after ICH independent of hematoma volume.