cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.mp8rt
title: Data from: Life history evolution and cellular mechanisms associated with increased size in high-altitude Drosophila

description: Understanding the physiological and genetic basis of growth and body size
 variation has wide-ranging implications, from cancer and metabolic disease
 to the genetics of complex traits. We examined the evolution of body and
 wing size in high-altitude Drosophila melanogaster from Ethiopia, flies
 with larger size than any previously known population. Specifically, we
 sought to identify life history characteristics and cellular mechanisms
 that may have facilitated size evolution. We found that the large-bodied
 Ethiopian flies laid significantly fewer but larger eggs relative to
 lowland, smaller-bodied Zambian flies. The highland flies were found to
 achieve larger size in a similar developmental period, potentially aided
 by a reproductive strategy favoring greater provisioning of fewer
 offspring. At the cellular level, cell proliferation was a strong
 contributor to wing size evolution, but both thorax and wing size
 increases involved important changes in cell size. Nuclear size
 measurements were consistent with elevated somatic ploidy as an important
 mechanism of body size evolution. We discuss the significance of these
 results for the genetic basis of evolutionary changes in body and wing
 size in Ethiopian D. melanogaster.
description: thorax_lengthRaw thorax length measurements (mm) for each replicate and each unique cross from 7 D. melanogaster populations.wing_length_depthWing length and depth measurements for replicates and unique crosses from 7 D. melanogaster populationswing_cell_sizeCell size measurements (averaged across 5 replicates) for two different locations on D. melanogaster wings.mean_skeletal_muscle_nucleus_sizeNucleus size of 5 crosses from each of two populations, averaged across 5 replicates from each cross.Mean_muscle_fiber_widthMean longitudinal thoracic muscle fiber width for 5 unique crosses from each of 2 populations, averaged across 5 replicates per cross.mean_muscle_widthMean width of the third dorsolongitudinal muscle of the thorax from multiple unique crosses (averaged across 5 replicates per cross) from each of two populations.mean_egg_sizeMean egg size of unique crosses (5 replicates per cross) for 2 populationsegg_laying_rateMean egg laying rate from unique crosses (averaged across 5 replicates per cross) from 2 populations, from both sea level air pressure (control) and simulated high elevation air pressure (Treatment)mean_development_timeMean development time from unique crosses (at least 5 replicates per cross) from each of two populations. Data obtained from both sea level (control) and simulated high elevation air pressure (Treatment)wing_loadingMean wing area, mass per female fly, and wing loading for unique crosses from each of two populations.temperature_dependent_phenotypic_dataWing length, thorax length, and wing length to thorax length ratio for two lines from a range of developmental temperatures.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.71p127f8
title: Data from: Patterns and processes of dispersal behaviour in arvicoline rodents

description: A good understanding of mammalian societies requires measuring patterns
 and comprehending processes of dispersal in each sex. We investigated
 dispersal behaviour in arvicoline rodents, a sub-family of mammals
 widespread in northern temperate environments and characterised by a
 multivoltine life cycle. In arvicoline rodents, variation in life history
 strategies occurs along a continuum from precocial to delayed maturation
 that reflects seasonal and ecological fluctuations. We compared dispersal
 across and within species focusing on the effects of external
 (condition-dependence) and internal factors (phenotype-dependence). Our
 data revealed substantial, unexplained variation between species for
 dispersal distances and a strong variation within species for both
 dispersal distance and fraction. Some methodological aspects explained
 variation across studies, which cautions against comparisons that do not
 control for them. Overall, the species under consideration display
 frequent short-distance dispersal events and extremely flexible dispersal
 strategies, but they also have hitherto unexpected capacity to disperse
 long distances. Female arvicolines are predominantly philopatric relative
 to males, but we found no clear association between the mating system and
 the degree of sex-bias in dispersal across species. Dispersal is a
 response to both various proximate and ultimate factors, including
 competition, inbreeding avoidance, mate searching, and habitat quality. In
 particular, our review suggests that costs and benefits experienced during
 transience and settlement are prime determinants of condition-dependence.
 Patterns of phenotype-dependent dispersal are idiosyncratic, except for a
 widespread association between an exploration/activity syndrome and natal
 dispersal. Consequences for population dynamics and genetic structures are
 discussed.
description: List_StudiesList of study by species by site combinations included in the reviewDispersal_DataQuantitative information on dispersal extracted from the literatureDispersal_PatternsQualitative patterns of dispersal reported in the literatureSpecies_DataData on body mass, territorial system and mating system of each species
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.90hc5
title: Data from: Exploitation of interspecific diversity for monocot crop improvement

description: In many cultivated crop species there is limited genetic variation
 available for the development of new higher yielding varieties adapted to
 climate change and sustainable farming practises. The distant relatives of
 crop species provide a vast and largely untapped reservoir of genetic
 variation for a wide range of agronomically important traits that can be
 exploited by breeders for crop improvement. In this paper, in what we
 believe to be the largest introgression programme undertaken in the
 monocots, we describe the transfer of the entire genome of Festuca
 pratensis into Lolium perenne in overlapping chromosome segments. The L.
 perenne/F. pratensis introgressions were identified and characterised via
 131 simple sequence repeats and 1612 SNPs anchored to the rice genome.
 Comparative analyses were undertaken to determine the syntenic
 relationship between L. perenne/F. pratensis and rice, wheat, barley,
 sorghum and Brachypodium distachyon. Analyses comparing recombination
 frequency and gene distribution indicated that a large proportion of the
 genes within the genome are located in the proximal regions of chromosomes
 which undergo low/very low frequencies of recombination. Thus, it is
 proposed that past breeding efforts to produce improved varieties have
 centred on the subset of genes located in the distal regions of
 chromosomes where recombination is highest. The use of alien introgression
 for crop improvement is important for meeting the challenges of global
 food supply and the monocots such as the forage grasses and cereals,
 together with recent technological advances in molecular biology, can help
 meet these challenges.
description: Primer details for
 grass/rice comparative mappingThe file gives details
 of all the primers used to physically map SNPs on the Lolium/Festuca
 introgression maps. These primers were generated from rice coding
 sequences. The file therefore also gives the accession number and locus
 identifier of the rice coding sequence used to generate the
 primers.Supplementary information
 1.xlsGenetic mapping
 dataGenetic mapping data for
 the 283 bin mapped SNP markers segregating in a Lolium x Lolium (Perma x
 Aurora) mapping population.Supplementary information
 2.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tg0fd
title: Data from: Limited trophic partitioning among sympatric delphinids off a tropical oceanic atoll

description: Understanding trophic relationships among marine predators in remote
 environments is challenging, but it is critical to understand community
 structure and dynamics. In this study, we used stable isotope analysis of
 skin biopsies to compare the isotopic, and thus, trophic niches of three
 sympatric delphinids in the waters surrounding Palmyra Atoll, in the
 Central Tropical Pacific: the melon-headed whale (Peponocephala electra),
 Gray’s spinner dolphin (Stenella longirostris longirostris), and the
 common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). δ15N values suggested that
 T. truncatus occupied a significantly higher trophic position than the
 other two species. δ13C values did not significantly differ between the
 three delphinds, potentially indicating no spatial partitioning in depth
 or distance from shore in foraging among species. The dietary niche
 area—determined by isotopic variance among individuals—of T. truncatus was
 also over 30% smaller than those of the other species taken at the same
 place, indicating higher population specialization or lower
 interindividual variation. For P. electra only, there was some support for
 intraspecific variation in foraging ecology across years, highlighting the
 need for temporal information in studying dietary niche. Cumulatively,
 isotopic evidence revealed surprisingly little evidence for trophic niche
 partitioning in the delphinid community of Palmyra Atoll compared to other
 studies. However, resource partitioning may happen via other behavioral
 mechanisms, or prey abundance or availability may be adequate to allow
 these three species to coexist without any such partitioning. It is also
 possible that isotopic signatures are inadequate to detect trophic
 partitioning in this environment, possibly because isotopes of prey are
 highly variable or insufficiently resolved to allow for differentiation.
description: Boat_TracksFolder containing GPS tracking points taken from the boats while surveys were conductedObservations_and_Biopsy_SamplesFolder containing GPS points taken from the boats when species were cited during surveys, or when biopsies were taken.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t7qdfj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 75850 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Türkiye",
 "DatasetKey is EOD – eBird Observation Dataset",
 "Geometry POLYGON((28.36809 41.05336,28.39898 41.04478,28.46076 41.02213,28.53833 40.98231,28.59118 40.97099,28.61727 40.95588,28.62138 40.96996,28.62859 40.99158,28.63134 41.00085,28.63923 41.00428,28.64987 41.01114,28.6533 41.02487,28.64541 41.04238,28.65124 41.06262,28.68042 41.07979,28.65227 41.11239,28.58638 41.14054,28.53077 41.14534,28.49577 41.14431,28.47208 41.12646,28.4333 41.10999,28.40928 41.09592,28.3904 41.08253,28.38422 41.06915,28.36809 41.05336))",
 "Year 1899-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 75850 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000523-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9g40d
title: Data from: Phenotype uniformity in combined-stress environments has a different genetic architecture than in single-stress treatments

description: For crop production it is desirable for the mapping between genotype and
 phenotype to be consistent, such that an optimized genotype produces
 uniform sets of individual plants. Uniformity is strongly selected in
 breeding programs, usually automatically, as harvest equipment eliminates
 severely non-uniform individuals. Uniformity is genetically controlled, is
 known to be increased by interplant competition, and is predicted to
 increase upon abiotic stress. We mapped maize loci controlling genotype by
 environment interaction in plant height uniformity. These loci are
 different than the loci controlling mean plant height. Uniformity
 decreases upon combining two abiotic stresses, with alleles conferring
 greater uniformity in a single stress showing little improvement in a
 combined stress treatment. The maize B73 and Mo17 inbreds do not provide
 segregating alleles for improvement in plant height uniformity, suggesting
 that the genetic network specifying plant height has a past history of
 selection for robustness.
description: Copy of
 10562_Stapleton_DataSheet1Excel file containing
 phenotype measurements for each recombinant inbred line in each
 environment.10562_Stapleton_DataSheet2Word file containing detailed description and SAS code used for data analysis.Copy of 10562_Stapleton_DataSheet3Excel file with all 3240 genetic markers, map positions, and positions of LMR and plant height QTL.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4h245
title: Data from: Inbreeding depression of sperm traits in the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata

description: Inbreeding depression, or the reduction in fitness due to mating between
 close relatives, is a key issue in biology today. Inbreeding negatively
 affects many fitness-related traits, including survival and reproductive
 success. Despite this, very few studies have quantified the effects of
 inbreeding on vertebrate gamete traits under controlled breeding
 conditions using a full-sib mating approach. Here, we provide
 comprehensive evidence for the negative effect of inbreeding on sperm
 traits in a bird, the zebra finch Taeniopygia guttata. We compared sperm
 characteristics of both inbred (pedigree F = 0.25) and outbred (pedigree F
 = 0) individuals from two captive populations, one domesticated and one
 recently wild-derived, raised under standardized conditions. As normal
 spermatozoa morphology did not differ consistently between inbred and
 outbred individuals, our study confirms the hypothesis that sperm
 morphology is not particularly susceptible to inbreeding depression.
 Inbreeding did, however, lead to significantly lower sperm motility and a
 substantially higher percentage of abnormal spermatozoa in ejaculate.
 These results were consistent across both study populations, confirming
 the generality and reliability of our findings.
description: Opatova_et_al_SpermData_and_AnalysisOpatova_et_al_FinalSpermData_and_Analysis.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m78gt7n
title: Data from: Rapid population sex ratio changes in the moss Ceratodon purpureus

description: PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Sex ratio variation occurs widely in dioecious
 plants, but the mechanisms of population sex ratios bias are
 poorly-understood. In bryophytes, sex ratios are often female-biased, and
 little information is available about how and when bias forms. METHODS: To
 test whether population sex ratio variation can emerge during the
 gametophytic phase, and is not purely a product of spore sex ratios, we
 created artificial populations of the moss Ceratodon purpureus, with male-
 and female-biased sex ratios, and placed half under a stress treatment. We
 hypothesized that male-majority populations would become female-biased,
 and that stress would increase this transition. After 18 months when
 sporophytes were initially forming, we used sex-specific molecular markers
 to determine population sex ratios. KEY RESULTS: Female-majority
 populations did not differ significantly from their original bias, while
 male-majority populations became significantly more female-biased. As
 plants had only just produced their first spores, these sex ratio changes
 occurred during the gametophytic generation due to sex-specific growth or
 survival. Sporophytes only occurred in populations with female-biased
 final sex ratios, suggesting that females in male-majority populations may
 have invested energy in ramets rather than sporophyte production. The
 stress treatment was mild and had no effect on sex ratio. CONCLUSIONS: Our
 results suggest that female-bias can be generated during the gametophytic
 generation, before plants reach sexual maturity. These results, combined
 with previous work, suggest that both the gametophytic and sporophytic
 stages drive population sex ratios in C. purpureus, indicating multiple
 mechanisms operate to create biased population sex ratios.
description: Sex
 ratiosPopulation sex ratio
 data collected using sex-specific molecular markers. This file also
 contains data on chlorophyll content for plants from these same
 populations.SporophytesData on sporophyte height for each sporophyte collected in each population in 2014.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.11q0d
title: Data from: Autosomal and X linked additive genetic variation for lifespan and aging: comparisons within and between the sexes in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Theory makes several predictions concerning differences in genetic
 variation between the X chromosome and the autosomes due to male X
 hemizygosity. The X chromosome should i) typically show relatively less
 standing genetic variation than the autosomes, ii) exhibit more variation
 in males compared to females because of dosage compensation, and iii)
 potentially be enriched with sex-specific genetic variation. Here we
 address each of these predictions for lifespan and aging in Drosophila
 melanogaster. To achieve unbiased estimates of X and autosomal additive
 genetic variance we use 80 chromosome substitution lines; 40 for the X
 chromosome and 40 combining the two major autosomes, which we assay for
 sex-specific and cross-sex genetic (co)variation. We find significant X
 and autosomal additive genetic variance for both traits in both sexes
 (with reservation for X linked variation of aging in females), but no
 conclusive evidence for depletion of X linked variation (measured through
 females). Males display more X linked variation for lifespan than females,
 but it is unclear if this is due to dosage compensation since also
 autosomal variation is larger in males. Finally, our results suggest the X
 chromosome is enriched for sex-specific genetic variation in lifespan.
 Results were overall less conclusive for aging. Collectively these results
 suggest the X chromosome has reduced capacity to respond to sexually
 concordant selection on lifespan from standing genetic variation, while
 its ability to respond to sexually antagonistic selection may be
 augmented.
description: Griffin_et_al_2016_XA_DataData from lifespan assay of 31718 Drosophila melanogaster. Lifespan (days) measured for 80 lines of ~200 individuals per line and sex, measured across 4 replicate blocks. Individuals within lines share the same X chromosome (CHR = X), or major autosomes (CHR = A). Column headings are CHR for line type, LINE for line number, SEX for male (M) and female (F), BLOCK for replicate block, and LIFESPAN for individual longevity. For further detail see methods in Griffin et al., 2016.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r762t
title: Data from: A test of the umbrella species approach in restored floodplain ponds.

description: 1.The umbrella species approach, where conservation actions targeted for
 one or a group of species should benefit the broader community, may
 provide an effective framework to guide habitat restoration. This requires
 congruence in the response of umbrella and co-occurring species to
 environmental stress and recovery, and the identification of potential
 mechanisms by which co-occurring species benefit from conservation of an
 umbrella species. 2.Past evaluations of this approach have considered only
 the presence/absence of umbrella species. In addition to presence/absence,
 we quantified abundance and biomass of both umbrella and co-occurring
 species to support a more quantitative evaluation of species
 co-occurrence. Floodplain ponds are restored in British Columbia and the
 Pacific Northwest to benefit coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch, a
 presumptive umbrella species. To test its effectiveness as an umbrella
 species, we assessed the relationships between species richness, abundance
 and biomass of aquatic vertebrates, including vertebrates of conservation
 concern (“listed”), and benthic invertebrates and the abundance and
 biomass of juvenile coho. We used ordination to evaluate relationships
 between species’ abundance and biomass and environmental attributes.
 3.Positive relationships were identified between coho abundance and
 biomass and species richness, abundance and biomass of fish and listed
 species. These relationships were negative for benthic invertebrates.
 Listed species were located close to coho in ordinations, suggesting they
 respond to similar environmental features while benthic invertebrates
 clustered away from coho. 4.Synthesis and applications. We found that
 where our umbrella species coho is most productive, so are other listed
 species and fish in general, a relationship that would not have been
 evident had we evaluated species richness alone. We also reported strong
 relationships between some environmental features manipulated in the
 habitat restoration and the presence and productivity of coho and
 co-occurring species. Our study demonstrates the umbrella species approach
 has potential to guide habitat restoration when there is congruence in the
 response of umbrella and co-occurring species to environmental attributes
 that can be manipulated in the restoration. Where this is possible, one
 can use restoration designed for one or several umbrella species and
 successfully restore habitats that are viable for other species, including
 listed species.
description: Branton and Richardson
 data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.b0b1c
title: Data from: Termite mounds differ in their importance for herbivores across savanna types, seasons and spatial scales

description: Herbivores do not forage uniformly across landscapes, but select for
 patches of higher nutrition and lower predation risk. Macrotermes mounds
 contain higher concentrations of soil nutrients and support grasses of
 higher nutritional value than the surrounding savanna matrix, attracting
 mammalian grazers that preferentially forage on termite mound vegetation.
 However, little is known about the spatial extent of such termite
 influence on grazing patterns and how it might differ in time and space.
 We measured grazing intensity in three African savanna types differing in
 rainfall and foliar nutrients and predicted that the functional importance
 of mounds for grazing herbivores would increase as the difference in
 foliar nutrient levels between mound and savanna matrix grasses increases
 and the mounds become more attractive. We expected this to occur in
 nutrient-poor areas and during the dry season when savanna matrix grass
 nutrient levels are lower. Tuft use and grass N and P content were
 measured along transects away from termite mounds, enabling calculation of
 the spatial extent of termite influence on mammalian grazing. Using
 termite mound densities estimated from airborne light detection and
 ranging (LiDAR), we further upscaled field-based results to determine the
 percentage of the landscape influenced by termite activity. Grasses in
 close proximity to termite mounds were preferentially grazed at all sites
 and in both seasons, but the strength of mound influence varied between
 savanna types and seasons. In the wet season, mounds had a relatively
 larger effect on grazers at the landscape scale in the nutrient-poor,
 wetter savanna, whereas in the dry season the pattern was reversed with
 more of the landscape influenced at the nutrient-rich, driest site. Our
 results reveal that termite mounds enhance the value of savanna landscapes
 for herbivores, but that their functional importance varies across savanna
 types and seasons.
description: Tuft use around termite
 moundsGrazing intensity around
 termite mounds as measured by tuft use along distance transects in the
 four cardinal directions. Data come from three savanna sites and from two
 seasons.grazing_intensity_data_dryad.csvGrazing lawn extent around termite moundsGrazing lawns around termite mounds were measured in the four cardinal directions every two months for one year. Data come from three savanna sites.grazing_lawns_dryad.csvGrass nutrient (N and P) data from around termite moundsNitrogen and Phosphorous content from foliar (grass) samples collected around termite mounds along distance transects in the four cardinal directions. Data come from three savanna sites and were collected during the wet (summer) season.grass_nutrients_dryad.csv