cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5715202
title: Mathematics and Astronomy [IO Islamic 707]

description: Mathematics and Astronomy.
	
This manuscript is now IO Islamic 707 in the India Office collections.
	
[metadata: Otto Loth, A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, (volume 1), no. 769 here with further notations and hyperlinks].



769.


707. Size 73/4 in. by 51/2 in.; foll. 169. Thirteen lines in a page.


I.Foll. 1-88. An astrological treatise, by Muḥyi al-dîn Yaḥya b. Muḥammad IBN ABU’L-SHUKR MAGHRIBÎ (seventh century), the same as that described in Cat. Mus. Brit. 197, no. CCCCXIII.; Cat. Bodl. i. 214; and Aumer, Hdss. Münch. 383.


Begins: قال مولانا العالم العلامة افضل المتاخرين محيى الملة والدين يحيى بن محمد بن ابى الشكر المغربى ادام الله فضائله قد رتبت هذه الرسالة فى كيفية تحاويل سنى العالم الخ.


II.Foll. 89-118. كتاب احكام ( الحكم . r ) على قرانات الكواكب فى البروج الاثنى عشر .


A treatise by the same author on the conjunctions of the planets in the different signs of the Zodiac, identical with Cat. Mus. Brit. 197, CCCCXIV. ii.


III.Foll. 118v.-127. من نهاية الادراك فى دراية الافلاك من تصنيف مولى الموالى قطب الدين الشيرازی عليه الرحمة .


An extract from an astronomical work of ḲUṬB AL-DÎN SHÎRÂZÎ ( d. A.H. 710), bearing on chronology and various eras (تاريخ الروم و الهجرة و الفرس و الملكى و اليهود و الترك ) .


Begins: فاعلم انه لما كان اشهر الاجرام السماوية النيرين .


Cf. regarding the work in question, Ḥ. Kh. vi. 396, and Cat. Mus. Brit. 189.


IV.Foll. 128-130. فى الاختيارات من مدخل يحيى ابن على القمى المكنى بابى نصر المنجم عليه الرحمة .


An extract from ABU NAṢR ḲUMMÎ’S introduction to Astrology, which was written A.H. 357. Cf. Ḥ. Kh. v. 472.


Begins: ان العلة فى كل حادثة اجتماع النيرين الخ.


Then follow two Persian pieces ---


V.Foll. 130v. 151. باب سيم از فصل سيم در احكام مواليد و تحويلات , followed by Chapter IV. of the same work.


VI. Foll. 152-169. On the conjunction of the planets, which took place in various years of the eleventh and twelfth centuries.


Cf. Stewart’s Catal. 104, xv.


Well written in Nasta’liḳ. Dated 29th Sha’bân, 1185.


[Tippu.]
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5715203
title: Mathematics and Astronomy [IO Islamic 707]

description: Mathematics and Astronomy.
	
This manuscript is now IO Islamic 707 in the India Office collections.
	
[metadata: Otto Loth, A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, (volume 1), no. 769 here with further notations and hyperlinks].



769.


707. Size 73/4 in. by 51/2 in.; foll. 169. Thirteen lines in a page.


I.Foll. 1-88. An astrological treatise, by Muḥyi al-dîn Yaḥya b. Muḥammad IBN ABU’L-SHUKR MAGHRIBÎ (seventh century), the same as that described in Cat. Mus. Brit. 197, no. CCCCXIII.; Cat. Bodl. i. 214; and Aumer, Hdss. Münch. 383.


Begins: قال مولانا العالم العلامة افضل المتاخرين محيى الملة والدين يحيى بن محمد بن ابى الشكر المغربى ادام الله فضائله قد رتبت هذه الرسالة فى كيفية تحاويل سنى العالم الخ.


II.Foll. 89-118. كتاب احكام ( الحكم . r ) على قرانات الكواكب فى البروج الاثنى عشر .


A treatise by the same author on the conjunctions of the planets in the different signs of the Zodiac, identical with Cat. Mus. Brit. 197, CCCCXIV. ii.


III.Foll. 118v.-127. من نهاية الادراك فى دراية الافلاك من تصنيف مولى الموالى قطب الدين الشيرازی عليه الرحمة .


An extract from an astronomical work of ḲUṬB AL-DÎN SHÎRÂZÎ ( d. A.H. 710), bearing on chronology and various eras (تاريخ الروم و الهجرة و الفرس و الملكى و اليهود و الترك ) .


Begins: فاعلم انه لما كان اشهر الاجرام السماوية النيرين .


Cf. regarding the work in question, Ḥ. Kh. vi. 396, and Cat. Mus. Brit. 189.


IV.Foll. 128-130. فى الاختيارات من مدخل يحيى ابن على القمى المكنى بابى نصر المنجم عليه الرحمة .


An extract from ABU NAṢR ḲUMMÎ’S introduction to Astrology, which was written A.H. 357. Cf. Ḥ. Kh. v. 472.


Begins: ان العلة فى كل حادثة اجتماع النيرين الخ.


Then follow two Persian pieces ---


V.Foll. 130v. 151. باب سيم از فصل سيم در احكام مواليد و تحويلات , followed by Chapter IV. of the same work.


VI. Foll. 152-169. On the conjunction of the planets, which took place in various years of the eleventh and twelfth centuries.


Cf. Stewart’s Catal. 104, xv.


Well written in Nasta’liḳ. Dated 29th Sha’bân, 1185.


[Tippu.]
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5715196
title: Mathematics and Astronomy [IO Islamic 1747]

description: Mathematics and Astronomy.
	
This manuscript is now IO Islamic 1747 in the India Office collections.
	
[metadata: Otto Loth, A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, (volume 1), no. 768 here with further notations and hyperlinks].



768.


1747. Size 81/2 in. by 51/4 in.; foll. 70. Eleven lines in a page.


I.Foll. 1-38. The first book (مقالة) of ṬÛSÎ’S edition of the Elements of EUCLID.


Dated Wednesday, 9th Sha’bân, 1176 (السنة السادسة من العشر الثامن من المائة الثانية من الالف الثانى) .


II.Foll. 40-45. The second book of the same work, imperfect, terminating abruptly.


III.Foll. 48-70. ḲÂḌÎZÂDAH’S Commentary on Jaghmînî’s الملخّص . See no. 751.


Imperfect, terminating abruptly. Diagrams omitted. Neatly written in Nasta’liḳ. Of the twelfth century.


[Johnson.]
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5715197
title: Mathematics and Astronomy [IO Islamic 1747]

description: Mathematics and Astronomy.
	
This manuscript is now IO Islamic 1747 in the India Office collections.
	
[metadata: Otto Loth, A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, (volume 1), no. 768 here with further notations and hyperlinks].



768.


1747. Size 81/2 in. by 51/4 in.; foll. 70. Eleven lines in a page.


I.Foll. 1-38. The first book (مقالة) of ṬÛSÎ’S edition of the Elements of EUCLID.


Dated Wednesday, 9th Sha’bân, 1176 (السنة السادسة من العشر الثامن من المائة الثانية من الالف الثانى) .


II.Foll. 40-45. The second book of the same work, imperfect, terminating abruptly.


III.Foll. 48-70. ḲÂḌÎZÂDAH’S Commentary on Jaghmînî’s الملخّص . See no. 751.


Imperfect, terminating abruptly. Diagrams omitted. Neatly written in Nasta’liḳ. Of the twelfth century.


[Johnson.]
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15067185
title: Proof of Hodge's Conjecture
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15067186
title: Proof of Hodge's Conjecture
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pbm8sy
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 48 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Binodoxys communis (Gahan, 1926)",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 48 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021582-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28643132
title: inorganics-3529241-supplementary.rar

description: inorganics-3529241-supplementary.rar
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5715166
title: Mathematics and Astronomy [IO Islamic 1490]

description: Mathematics and Astronomy.
	
This manuscript is now IO Islamic 1490 in the India Office collections.
	
[metadata: Otto Loth, A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, (volume 1), no. 765 here with further notations and hyperlinks].



765.


1490. Size 71/2 in. by 5 in.; foll. 34. Fifteen lines in a page.


A Commentary on Abu Muḥammad ‘Abdallah b. Ḥajjâj Yâsmînî’s 2 (or Ibn al-Yâsmîn’s) Algebra in verse, الارجوزة الياسمينية . The name of the commentator is not mentioned.


Cf. Ḥ. Kh. i. 246; Cat. Bodl. i. 224, 210, 256; and Bibl. Sprenger. 1832.


Begins: الحمد لله الذى جبر قلوب اوليائه بحسن المقابلة يوم الحساب . The author says subsequently: اما بعد فهذا تعليق مختصر سهل نافع ان شاء الله تعالى وضعته شرحا على الارجوزة الباسمينيّة (!) فى علم الجبر نظم الشيخ الخ.


The text of Yâsmînî begins as follows:


على ثلاثة يدور الجبر المال و الاعداد ثم الجذر


Plainly written. Colophon: و كان الفراغ من مشقها يوم الخميس احد عشر مضين من عاشورا سنة ١٠٨١ اوصل الله كاتبها الى مراده الخ.


[Johnson.]


 


2 The MS. has الباسمينى .
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5715167
title: Mathematics and Astronomy [IO Islamic 1490]

description: Mathematics and Astronomy.
	
This manuscript is now IO Islamic 1490 in the India Office collections.
	
[metadata: Otto Loth, A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office, (volume 1), no. 765 here with further notations and hyperlinks].



765.


1490. Size 71/2 in. by 5 in.; foll. 34. Fifteen lines in a page.


A Commentary on Abu Muḥammad ‘Abdallah b. Ḥajjâj Yâsmînî’s 2 (or Ibn al-Yâsmîn’s) Algebra in verse, الارجوزة الياسمينية . The name of the commentator is not mentioned.


Cf. Ḥ. Kh. i. 246; Cat. Bodl. i. 224, 210, 256; and Bibl. Sprenger. 1832.


Begins: الحمد لله الذى جبر قلوب اوليائه بحسن المقابلة يوم الحساب . The author says subsequently: اما بعد فهذا تعليق مختصر سهل نافع ان شاء الله تعالى وضعته شرحا على الارجوزة الباسمينيّة (!) فى علم الجبر نظم الشيخ الخ.


The text of Yâsmînî begins as follows:


على ثلاثة يدور الجبر المال و الاعداد ثم الجذر


Plainly written. Colophon: و كان الفراغ من مشقها يوم الخميس احد عشر مضين من عاشورا سنة ١٠٨١ اوصل الله كاتبها الى مراده الخ.


[Johnson.]


 


2 The MS. has الباسمينى .
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28643132.v1
title: inorganics-3529241-supplementary.rar

description: inorganics-3529241-supplementary.rar
DOI: 10.15468/dl.9m6tt3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 101 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Euphorbia dawei N.E.Br."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 101 records from 15 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021583-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.nxmskm
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2224 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Eupherusa ridgwayi (Nelson, 1900)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2224 records from 17 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021584-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.htjpsp
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 967 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Sternoclyta cyanopectus (Gould, 1846)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 967 records from 35 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021586-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.gq2whg
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 10752 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Taphrospilus hypostictus (Gould, 1862)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 10752 records from 31 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021585-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jmpf5u
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 0 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bothriocraera bicolor Compere & Zinna, 1955",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 0 records from 0 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021587-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ju7tt2
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4405 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4405 records from 69 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021588-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.takekk
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 716 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Sirex noctilio Fabricius, 1773",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 716 records from 68 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021589-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15067197
title: E-commerce Product Image Classification Dataset

description: Description:

This dataset is specifically designed for the classification of E-commerce Product Image Classification Dataset based on their images, forming a critical part of an experimental study aimed at improving product categorization using computer vision techniques. Accurate categorization is essential for e-commerce platforms as it directly influences customer satisfaction, enhances user experience, and optimizes sales by ensuring that products are presented in the correct categories.

Data Collection and Sources

The dataset comprises a comprehensive collection of e-commerce product images gathered from a diverse range of sources, including prominent online marketplaces such as Amazon, Walmart, and Google, as well as additional resources obtained through web scraping. Additionally, the Amazon Berkeley Objects (ABO) project has been utilized to enhance the dataset in certain categories, though its contribution is limited to specific classes.

Download Dataset

Dataset Composition and Structure

The dataset is organized into 9 distinct classes, primarily reflecting major product categories prevalent on Amazon. These categories were chosen based on a balance between representation and practicality, ensuring sufficient diversity and relevance for training and testing computer vision models. The dataset's structure includes:



18,175 images: Resized to 224x224 pixels, suitable for use in various pretrained CNN architectures.

9 Classes: Representing major e-commerce product categories, offering a broad spectrum of items typically found on online retail platforms.

Train-Val-Check Sets: The dataset is split into training, validation, and check sets. The training and validation sets are designated for model training and hyperparameter tuning, while a smaller check set is reserved for model deployment, providing a visual evaluation of the model's performance in a real-world scenario.


Application and Relevance

E-commerce platforms face significant challenges in product categorization due to the vast number of categories, the variety of products, and the need for precise classification. This dataset addresses these challenges by offering a well-balanced collection of images across multiple categories, allowing for robust model training and evaluation.

This dataset is sourced from Kaggle.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15067198
title: E-commerce Product Image Classification Dataset

description: Description:

This dataset is specifically designed for the classification of E-commerce Product Image Classification Dataset based on their images, forming a critical part of an experimental study aimed at improving product categorization using computer vision techniques. Accurate categorization is essential for e-commerce platforms as it directly influences customer satisfaction, enhances user experience, and optimizes sales by ensuring that products are presented in the correct categories.

Data Collection and Sources

The dataset comprises a comprehensive collection of e-commerce product images gathered from a diverse range of sources, including prominent online marketplaces such as Amazon, Walmart, and Google, as well as additional resources obtained through web scraping. Additionally, the Amazon Berkeley Objects (ABO) project has been utilized to enhance the dataset in certain categories, though its contribution is limited to specific classes.

Download Dataset

Dataset Composition and Structure

The dataset is organized into 9 distinct classes, primarily reflecting major product categories prevalent on Amazon. These categories were chosen based on a balance between representation and practicality, ensuring sufficient diversity and relevance for training and testing computer vision models. The dataset's structure includes:



18,175 images: Resized to 224x224 pixels, suitable for use in various pretrained CNN architectures.

9 Classes: Representing major e-commerce product categories, offering a broad spectrum of items typically found on online retail platforms.

Train-Val-Check Sets: The dataset is split into training, validation, and check sets. The training and validation sets are designated for model training and hyperparameter tuning, while a smaller check set is reserved for model deployment, providing a visual evaluation of the model's performance in a real-world scenario.


Application and Relevance

E-commerce platforms face significant challenges in product categorization due to the vast number of categories, the variety of products, and the need for precise classification. This dataset addresses these challenges by offering a well-balanced collection of images across multiple categories, allowing for robust model training and evaluation.

This dataset is sourced from Kaggle.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2syn6n
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 42 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Barathra brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 42 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021590-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13207835
title: Dataset for the study of "Seismic fault slip at depths simulated by high-velocity friction experiments under hydrothermal conditions"

description: These are measured data of high-velocity friction experiments conducted on gabbro and marble under hydrothermal conditions (initial ambient temperature of 40 to 400 degC and pore pressure of 30 MPa). 

In each txt file, Column1 to Column9: Time (s), Slip Velocity (m/s), Displacement (m), Friction coefficient, Axial Displacement (mm), Pore water pressure (MPa), Effective normal stress (MPa), Sample Temperature (degC) and Furnace Temperature (degC).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13207836
title: Dataset for the study of "Seismic fault slip at depths simulated by high-velocity friction experiments under hydrothermal conditions"

description: These are measured data of high-velocity friction experiments conducted on gabbro and marble under hydrothermal conditions (initial ambient temperature of 40 to 400 degC and pore pressure of 30 MPa). 

In each txt file, Column1 to Column9: Time (s), Slip Velocity (m/s), Displacement (m), Friction coefficient, Axial Displacement (mm), Pore water pressure (MPa), Effective normal stress (MPa), Sample Temperature (degC) and Furnace Temperature (degC).
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vyv9yh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 231 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Brachymeria lasus (Walker, 1841)",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 231 records from 17 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021592-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.kg9t6e
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Cafius caribeanus Bierig, 1934",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021596-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.x2gbyg
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 13616 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Passiflora edulis Sims"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 13616 records from 461 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021597-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.uggbjj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 12204 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 {
 "and" : [
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 {
 "not" : {
 "BasisOfRecord" : [
 "is one of (Fossil, Living Specimen)"
 ]
 }
 }
 ]
 },
 "TaxonKey is Lysimachia clethroides Duby"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 12204 records from 177 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021598-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g346wf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 155 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bruchophagus gibbus (Boheman, 1836)",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 155 records from 14 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021600-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.rwjkpb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 6900 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-64.06743 -18.18239,-63.84961 -18.18239,-63.84961 -18.0041,-64.06743 -18.0041,-64.06743 -18.18239))",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Aves"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 6900 records from 15 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0021601-250310093411724/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15156/bio/sh1136735.10fu
title: SH1136735.10FU

description: UNITE provides a unified way for delimiting, identifying, communicating, and working with DNA-based Species Hypotheses (SH). All fungal ITS sequences in the international nucleotide sequence databases are clustered to approximately the species level by applying a set of dynamic distance values (<0.5 - 3.0%). All species hypotheses are given a unique, stable name in the form of a DOI, and their taxonomic and ecological annotations are verified through distributed, web-based third-party annotation efforts. SHs are connected to a taxon name and its classification as far as possible (phylum, class, order, etc.) by taking into account identifications for all sequences in the SH. An automatically or manually designated sequence is chosen to represent each such SH. These sequences are released (https://unite.ut.ee/repository.php) for use by the scientific community in, for example, local sequence similarity searches and next-generation sequencing analysis pipelines. The system and the data are updated automatically as the number of public fungal ITS sequences grows.