cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29655955.v1
title: Supporting Nutritional Status and Physical Activity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Feasibility Study of a Complex Intervention

description: To assess the feasibility and acceptability of a nurse-led COllective PErson-centred dialogue (COPE-Dialogue) intervention developed though co-production focusing on nutritional and physical activity support to hospitalised patients with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A non-randomised feasibility study according to the Medical Research Council framework for developing and testing a complex intervention. The intervention consisted of a dialogue tool with three components related to nutrition and physical activity: (1) A needs assessment, (2) Recommendations for support (3) Transitional information. Data from patients and nurses was collected from January through March 2024. Recruitment, fidelity, and acceptability were measured with qualitative and quantitative approaches including progression criteria. Qualitative content analysis and descriptive statistic were applied in the analysis. Recruitment was feasible, with 77% patients participating. Fidelity was high for the needs assessment and recommendations. Transitional information needs modification and should be combined with a relational contact. Patients and nurses found the dialogue tool acceptable and meaningful but faced time constraints. The dialogue tool was feasible regarding recruitment and fidelity. The tool was acceptable and meaningful to both patients and nurses, while modification is required in the transitional information. However, there is a need to strengthen the quality of the fundamental care within nutritional and physical activity combined with clinical management support.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29656019
title: Current Practices on Prescribing and Deprescribing for Patients on Long-Term Antibiotic Treatment for Chronic Pulmonary Conditions: An Umbrella Review by the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP)

description: Chronic pulmonary conditions require complex treatment strategies involving long-term antibiotic treatment, which carries the highest risk of antimicrobial resistance and adverse drug events (ADE). Specific guidance on prescribing and deprescribing can help reduce these risks and improve therapy effectiveness. The aim of the study was to determine prescribing and deprescribing practices for long-term antibiotic treatment (≥30 days) in preventing exacerbations of stable chronic pulmonary conditions in adult patients across all healthcare settings. This umbrella review was part of a larger registered study (PROSPERO, CRD42022381268) including systematic reviews and meta-analyses retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PsycInfo. Outcomes of interest included condition, antibiotic, dose, duration, (de-) prescribing advice. Standardized methodological tools were used to assess methodological quality of the selected publications (ROBIS), facilitate data extraction (EPOC), and guide narrative summary of findings (PRIOR). In total, <i>n</i> = 14 publications were analyzed. (De-)prescribing advice is summarized for treatment (≥30 days) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Macrolides are the most commonly recommended antibiotic for stable chronic pulmonary conditions. ADEs are the main reason for antibiotic discontinuation. Little consideration is given to emergence of antibiotic resistance. There is a significant paucity of literature providing specific (de-)prescribing advice for clinical practice. More precise recommendations are required in view of patient safety.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29656019.v1
title: Current Practices on Prescribing and Deprescribing for Patients on Long-Term Antibiotic Treatment for Chronic Pulmonary Conditions: An Umbrella Review by the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP)

description: Chronic pulmonary conditions require complex treatment strategies involving long-term antibiotic treatment, which carries the highest risk of antimicrobial resistance and adverse drug events (ADE). Specific guidance on prescribing and deprescribing can help reduce these risks and improve therapy effectiveness. The aim of the study was to determine prescribing and deprescribing practices for long-term antibiotic treatment (≥30 days) in preventing exacerbations of stable chronic pulmonary conditions in adult patients across all healthcare settings. This umbrella review was part of a larger registered study (PROSPERO, CRD42022381268) including systematic reviews and meta-analyses retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PsycInfo. Outcomes of interest included condition, antibiotic, dose, duration, (de-) prescribing advice. Standardized methodological tools were used to assess methodological quality of the selected publications (ROBIS), facilitate data extraction (EPOC), and guide narrative summary of findings (PRIOR). In total, <i>n</i> = 14 publications were analyzed. (De-)prescribing advice is summarized for treatment (≥30 days) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, cystic fibrosis, and bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome. Macrolides are the most commonly recommended antibiotic for stable chronic pulmonary conditions. ADEs are the main reason for antibiotic discontinuation. Little consideration is given to emergence of antibiotic resistance. There is a significant paucity of literature providing specific (de-)prescribing advice for clinical practice. More precise recommendations are required in view of patient safety.
DOI: 10.25574/18902
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 18902

description: X-rays from Young Low-Mass Stars: Inhospitable Habitable Zones?
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30490668
title: IgE Guided Use of ICS in Patients with Stable COPD: A Real-World Observational Study

description: This study investigated whether total serum IgE (T-IgE) can serve as a biomarker to guide personalized inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We conducted retrospective (<i>n</i> = 1236) and prospective (<i>n</i> = 540) cohort studies of stable COPD patients. Participants were stratified by baseline T-IgE levels (cutoffs: 100 and 76 IU/mL). Propensity-score matching (PSM) was used to balance confounding factors, and a multivariate negative binomial regression model was constructed to evaluate the effects of ICS on the risks of exacerbations. Additionally, the stability of total serum IgE and its correlation with pulmonary function were analyzed. In the subgroup with T-IgE ≥ 100 IU/mL, COPD patients had a significantly increased risk of exacerbations, with incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of 1.60 (95% CI 1.11–2.29) for moderate exacerbations, 1.37 (1.03–1.82) for moderate or severe exacerbations, and 1.15 (1.00–1.31) for all exacerbations. In this subgroup, ICS treatment significantly reduced the risk of the aforementioned exacerbations, with corresponding IRRs of 0.62 (0.42–0.91), 0.73 (0.53–1.00), and 0.84 (0.72–0.99). In contrast, in the T-IgE &lt; 100 IU/mL subgroup, the benefits of ICS treatment were not statistically significant. Furthermore, total serum IgE demonstrated better stability than blood eosinophil counts and was negatively correlated with pulmonary function indices. Consistent results were obtained using a cutoff value of 76 IU/mL. The total serum IgE level is closely related to exacerbations of COPD. Patients with high IgE levels can experience a reduced exacerbation rate when treated with ICS.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30490668.v1
title: IgE Guided Use of ICS in Patients with Stable COPD: A Real-World Observational Study

description: This study investigated whether total serum IgE (T-IgE) can serve as a biomarker to guide personalized inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We conducted retrospective (<i>n</i> = 1236) and prospective (<i>n</i> = 540) cohort studies of stable COPD patients. Participants were stratified by baseline T-IgE levels (cutoffs: 100 and 76 IU/mL). Propensity-score matching (PSM) was used to balance confounding factors, and a multivariate negative binomial regression model was constructed to evaluate the effects of ICS on the risks of exacerbations. Additionally, the stability of total serum IgE and its correlation with pulmonary function were analyzed. In the subgroup with T-IgE ≥ 100 IU/mL, COPD patients had a significantly increased risk of exacerbations, with incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of 1.60 (95% CI 1.11–2.29) for moderate exacerbations, 1.37 (1.03–1.82) for moderate or severe exacerbations, and 1.15 (1.00–1.31) for all exacerbations. In this subgroup, ICS treatment significantly reduced the risk of the aforementioned exacerbations, with corresponding IRRs of 0.62 (0.42–0.91), 0.73 (0.53–1.00), and 0.84 (0.72–0.99). In contrast, in the T-IgE &lt; 100 IU/mL subgroup, the benefits of ICS treatment were not statistically significant. Furthermore, total serum IgE demonstrated better stability than blood eosinophil counts and was negatively correlated with pulmonary function indices. Consistent results were obtained using a cutoff value of 76 IU/mL. The total serum IgE level is closely related to exacerbations of COPD. Patients with high IgE levels can experience a reduced exacerbation rate when treated with ICS.
DOI: 10.25574/18903
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 18903

description: X-rays from Young Low-Mass Stars: Inhospitable Habitable Zones?
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28759099
title: Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Sedentary Behaviour in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects over 300 million people and is the third leading cause of death. People with COPD spend a large amount of their day sedentary, which is associated with reduced life expectancy. A systematic search was conducted across electronic databases, including Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Due to the heterogeneity of study design and siting of the activity monitor, a narrative synthesis was conducted. 1086 studies were identified; six met inclusion criteria, and two reported a decreased sedentary time. Nordic walking reduced sedentary time by 128 minutes/day compared to baseline, significantly more than the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Another study using a behaviour change intervention reduced sedentary behaviour by 64 minutes/day compared to baseline, significantly more than the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.018). Both studies were conducted for over 12 weeks, with a multi-modal approach incorporating behaviour change techniques, goal setting, education, self-monitoring and feedback. No studies focusing on reducing sedentary behaviour alone reported significant changes. Few interventional studies have focused on reducing sedentary behaviour in people with COPD. Interventions that have effectively reduced sedentary time primarily focused on physical activity and adopted a multi-modal strategy. This suggests that future interventions could consider a multi-modal approach, which includes behaviour change and the incorporation of enjoyable light physical activities into daily living. We cannot conclude from the available evidence that solely targeting sedentary time will reduce sedentary behaviour. Longer interventions may reduce sedentary behaviour, but there is a lack of studies on both short- and long-term approaches. PROSPERO registration number CRD 42024510434.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28759099.v1
title: Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Sedentary Behaviour in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) affects over 300 million people and is the third leading cause of death. People with COPD spend a large amount of their day sedentary, which is associated with reduced life expectancy. A systematic search was conducted across electronic databases, including Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Due to the heterogeneity of study design and siting of the activity monitor, a narrative synthesis was conducted. 1086 studies were identified; six met inclusion criteria, and two reported a decreased sedentary time. Nordic walking reduced sedentary time by 128 minutes/day compared to baseline, significantly more than the control group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Another study using a behaviour change intervention reduced sedentary behaviour by 64 minutes/day compared to baseline, significantly more than the control group (<i>p</i> = 0.018). Both studies were conducted for over 12 weeks, with a multi-modal approach incorporating behaviour change techniques, goal setting, education, self-monitoring and feedback. No studies focusing on reducing sedentary behaviour alone reported significant changes. Few interventional studies have focused on reducing sedentary behaviour in people with COPD. Interventions that have effectively reduced sedentary time primarily focused on physical activity and adopted a multi-modal strategy. This suggests that future interventions could consider a multi-modal approach, which includes behaviour change and the incorporation of enjoyable light physical activities into daily living. We cannot conclude from the available evidence that solely targeting sedentary time will reduce sedentary behaviour. Longer interventions may reduce sedentary behaviour, but there is a lack of studies on both short- and long-term approaches. PROSPERO registration number CRD 42024510434.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30788809
title: Health Status Instruments Add Prognostic Value in Predicting COPD Exacerbations: Insights from the TIE Cohort Study

description: Identifying patients at risk for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs) is crucial to improve outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the ability of three health status instruments to predict AECOPDs in subjects with and without previous AECOPDs. A prospective cohort study of COPD patients from primary and outpatient care in three Swedish regions. AECOPDs were retrieved from medical records. The modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea scale (mMRC), the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), and the Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ) were evaluated. Thresholds for AECOPD prediction were estimated using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Predictive values were assessed using crude and multivariable Cox regression models. We included 572 patients (59% women, age 69 ± 8 years, FEV<sub>1</sub> 57 ± 18% of predicted) in 2014–2016. All three instruments independently predicted future AECOPDs within three years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.5–1.8) using thresholds mMRC ≥ 2, CAT ≥13, and CCQ ≥ 1.6. Patients without prior-year AECOPDs but high scores on all instruments had a similar AECOPD risk as those with prior AECOPDs but scores below threshold (aHR 2.4–2.5). Among patients with ≥1 AECOPD the year before inclusion and at least one of the three health status instruments above threshold, the aHR for future AECOPD during the study period ranged from 4.6 to 5.7. mMRC, CAT, and CCQ were independently associated with AECOPDs over the following three-year period. The health status instruments provided additional predictive value for future AECOPDS in patients both with and without previous AECOPDs.  aHR: Adjusted Hazard Ratio; AECOPD: Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; AUC: Area Under Curve; BMI: Body Mass Index; CAT: COPD Assessment Test; CCQ: Clinical COPD Questionnaire; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; DAG: Directed Acyclic Graphs; FEV1: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second; FVC: Forced Vital Capacity; GOLD: Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease; HR: Hazard Ratio; IHD: Ischaemic Heart Disease; ICS: Inhaled Corticosteroids; IQR: Interquartile Range; mMRC: Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale; ROC: Receiver Operator Characteristic; SD: Standard Deviation; TIE: Tools for Identifying Exacerbations
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.30788809.v1
title: Health Status Instruments Add Prognostic Value in Predicting COPD Exacerbations: Insights from the TIE Cohort Study

description: Identifying patients at risk for acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs) is crucial to improve outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the ability of three health status instruments to predict AECOPDs in subjects with and without previous AECOPDs. A prospective cohort study of COPD patients from primary and outpatient care in three Swedish regions. AECOPDs were retrieved from medical records. The modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea scale (mMRC), the COPD Assessment Test (CAT), and the Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ) were evaluated. Thresholds for AECOPD prediction were estimated using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. Predictive values were assessed using crude and multivariable Cox regression models. We included 572 patients (59% women, age 69 ± 8 years, FEV<sub>1</sub> 57 ± 18% of predicted) in 2014–2016. All three instruments independently predicted future AECOPDs within three years (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.5–1.8) using thresholds mMRC ≥ 2, CAT ≥13, and CCQ ≥ 1.6. Patients without prior-year AECOPDs but high scores on all instruments had a similar AECOPD risk as those with prior AECOPDs but scores below threshold (aHR 2.4–2.5). Among patients with ≥1 AECOPD the year before inclusion and at least one of the three health status instruments above threshold, the aHR for future AECOPD during the study period ranged from 4.6 to 5.7. mMRC, CAT, and CCQ were independently associated with AECOPDs over the following three-year period. The health status instruments provided additional predictive value for future AECOPDS in patients both with and without previous AECOPDs.  aHR: Adjusted Hazard Ratio; AECOPD: Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; AUC: Area Under Curve; BMI: Body Mass Index; CAT: COPD Assessment Test; CCQ: Clinical COPD Questionnaire; COPD: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; DAG: Directed Acyclic Graphs; FEV1: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second; FVC: Forced Vital Capacity; GOLD: Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease; HR: Hazard Ratio; IHD: Ischaemic Heart Disease; ICS: Inhaled Corticosteroids; IQR: Interquartile Range; mMRC: Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale; ROC: Receiver Operator Characteristic; SD: Standard Deviation; TIE: Tools for Identifying Exacerbations
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28302572
title: Biologic Therapies for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

description: Despite limited breakthroughs in COPD pharmacotherapy, recent trials have shown promising results for biologics in COPD patients. However, robust evidence synthesis in this area is currently lacking. We conducted a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to July 17, 2024, to identify randomized trials of biologic medications in patients with COPD. We performed a random effects frequentist network meta-analysis and present the results using relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We used the GRADE framework to rate the certainty of the evidence. Outcomes of interest included exacerbations, change in FEV1, change in quality of life, and serious adverse events. Dupilumab reduced exacerbations as compared to placebo (RR 0.68 [95% CI 0.59 to 0.79]) (high certainty). Benralizumab (RR 0.89 [95% CI 0.78 to 1]), itepekimab (RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.61 to 1.07]) and tezepelumab (RR 0.83 [95% CI 0.61 to 1.12]) may reduce exacerbations as compared to placebo (all low certainty). Dupilumab probably reduced exacerbations more than mepolizumab (RR 0.74 [95% CI 0.62 to 0.89]) (moderate certainty). Dupilumab may reduce exacerbations more than tezepelumab (RR 0.82 [95% CI 1.14]) (low certainty). For all patients, no treatment improved FEV1 above the pre-specified minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 0.1 L. Dupilumab probably has no meaningful effect on FEV1 compared to placebo (MD 0.07 [95% CI 0.02 to 0.13]) (moderate certainty). However, in the subgroup of patients with blood eosinophils ≥300/mcL, both tezepelumab (MD 0.15 [95% CI 0.05 to 0.26]) and dupilumab (MD 0.13 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.19]) probably improved FEV1 above the MCID. Dupilumab is effective at improving patient-relevant outcomes in COPD with higher eosinophil levels. Other biological therapies, including tezepelumab, have no important effect on patient-relevant outcomes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28302572.v1
title: Biologic Therapies for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

description: Despite limited breakthroughs in COPD pharmacotherapy, recent trials have shown promising results for biologics in COPD patients. However, robust evidence synthesis in this area is currently lacking. We conducted a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception to July 17, 2024, to identify randomized trials of biologic medications in patients with COPD. We performed a random effects frequentist network meta-analysis and present the results using relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We used the GRADE framework to rate the certainty of the evidence. Outcomes of interest included exacerbations, change in FEV1, change in quality of life, and serious adverse events. Dupilumab reduced exacerbations as compared to placebo (RR 0.68 [95% CI 0.59 to 0.79]) (high certainty). Benralizumab (RR 0.89 [95% CI 0.78 to 1]), itepekimab (RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.61 to 1.07]) and tezepelumab (RR 0.83 [95% CI 0.61 to 1.12]) may reduce exacerbations as compared to placebo (all low certainty). Dupilumab probably reduced exacerbations more than mepolizumab (RR 0.74 [95% CI 0.62 to 0.89]) (moderate certainty). Dupilumab may reduce exacerbations more than tezepelumab (RR 0.82 [95% CI 1.14]) (low certainty). For all patients, no treatment improved FEV1 above the pre-specified minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 0.1 L. Dupilumab probably has no meaningful effect on FEV1 compared to placebo (MD 0.07 [95% CI 0.02 to 0.13]) (moderate certainty). However, in the subgroup of patients with blood eosinophils ≥300/mcL, both tezepelumab (MD 0.15 [95% CI 0.05 to 0.26]) and dupilumab (MD 0.13 [95% CI 0.06 to 0.19]) probably improved FEV1 above the MCID. Dupilumab is effective at improving patient-relevant outcomes in COPD with higher eosinophil levels. Other biological therapies, including tezepelumab, have no important effect on patient-relevant outcomes.
DOI: 10.25574/18904
title: Chandra X-ray Observatory ObsId 18904

description: X-raying the Bones of the Milky Way