cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719666
title: APPLICATION OF AERIAL AND ORBITAL SENSOR PHOTOGRAPHS TO IDENTIFY AND DELINEATE WATER BODIES

description: Abstract: The application of orbital sensors to identify and delineate water bodies was evaluated in this study. Reference aerial photos were used to measure the surface area of three water bodies in São Gabriel do Oeste, MS, Brazil and assess seven sensors commonly used in environmental studies: ALOS-AVNIR, CBERS 2B-CCD, CBERS 2B-HRC, IRS P6-LISS3, LANDSAT-TM, LANDSAT-ETM+, and LANDSAT-OLI. The images were analyzed with the near infrared (NIR) band, and digital processing techniques including image fusion (spatial enhancement), false-color composition, and pre-processed radiometric correction were applied to some sensors. Image fusion and radiometric correction were applied to three sensors; only color composition was not conducted on the HRC sensor. In all water bodies analyzed, images from the CCD sensor showed the greatest values of imprecision, reaching 192% for Water Body #3 without digital processing. Considering the spectral properties of the NIR band, we expected more precise data from the analyses using this spectral range. However, color composite analyses obtained greater percent precision compared with analyses that only used the NIR band.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719666.v1
title: APPLICATION OF AERIAL AND ORBITAL SENSOR PHOTOGRAPHS TO IDENTIFY AND DELINEATE WATER BODIES

description: Abstract: The application of orbital sensors to identify and delineate water bodies was evaluated in this study. Reference aerial photos were used to measure the surface area of three water bodies in São Gabriel do Oeste, MS, Brazil and assess seven sensors commonly used in environmental studies: ALOS-AVNIR, CBERS 2B-CCD, CBERS 2B-HRC, IRS P6-LISS3, LANDSAT-TM, LANDSAT-ETM+, and LANDSAT-OLI. The images were analyzed with the near infrared (NIR) band, and digital processing techniques including image fusion (spatial enhancement), false-color composition, and pre-processed radiometric correction were applied to some sensors. Image fusion and radiometric correction were applied to three sensors; only color composition was not conducted on the HRC sensor. In all water bodies analyzed, images from the CCD sensor showed the greatest values of imprecision, reaching 192% for Water Body #3 without digital processing. Considering the spectral properties of the NIR band, we expected more precise data from the analyses using this spectral range. However, color composite analyses obtained greater percent precision compared with analyses that only used the NIR band.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719663
title: Development of a Curriculum for Simulated Training of a Laparoscopic Anastomosis

description: ABSTRACT Introduction: Simulation programs allow a safe and efficient environment for acquiring surgical skills, and astructured curriculum for simulated bowel anastomosis training provides a valuable educational exercise for second year medical residents. Presently, there is no standardized training curriculum which can be used to teach basic and advanced laparoscopic surgery through the preparation of a gastroenteroanastomose. Objective: To develop a systematized curriculum for training by simulation of a laparoscopic surgical anastomosis. Methods: A longitudinal and quantitative experimental study. The sample consisted of twelve general surgery residents from four hospitals. The training consisted of proceeding ten anastomoses divided equally into five sessions and it took place over a six-week period. Laparoscopy-assisted anastomosis between asynthetic stomach and synthetic bowel was performed in a black box with silk threads. At the end of the training, a Likert scale-based questionnaire was answered by the residents to evaluate the proposed training curriculum. Results: The training participants scored the proposed training curriculum very well. The items that recorded the highest evaluation were the need for the training to be offered at the teaching hospital and for it to be a compulsory element of the work. The lowest scoring items were the tweezers and wires used. A reduction in the operation time was observed, taking it close to that achieved by specialist surgeons. Conclusion: A structured curriculum for the simulation of a laparoscopic gastrojejunal anastomosis should foresee participation in 20 anastomoses, 10 as the main surgeon and 10 as the assistant surgeon. The procedures should be distributed over 5 sessions, with an approximate interval of 1 week and over the course of a 6-week period. Training using synthetic organs and a black box should be mandatory, accessible and accompanied by an experienced surgeon who provides individualized feedback.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719660
title: Association between institutional factors, birth care profile, and cesarean section rates in Santa Catarina

description: ABSTRACT: Objectives: To investigate how institutional factors, represented by the social profile of childbirth care, can relate to cesarean section rates. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on data from Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) for the state of Santa Catarina collected information for each of the six municipalities with the largest number of births from the six macroregional areas. For those municipalities, all of the establishments that had obstetric facilities were considered. A total of 61.278 births took place over 61 selected maternity services. Cesarean prevalence ratios (PR), both crude and adjusted for confounders, were estimated for each one of the individual variables using robust Cox regression. Results: Cesarean births were almost as twice as high in private maternity facilities (89%) when compared to the public ones (45.1%). Giving birth in private hospitals increased by at least 50% the prevalence of caesarean section among primiparae (PR = 1.64), Caucasian (PR = 1.57), women with greater attendance to prenatal care (PR = 1.54), and women having daylight birth (PR = 1.5), when compared with those delivering inside the public sector. Conclusion: Differences in cesarean rates in favor of the private system, among women with better social conditions, amongst which it would be expected a lower obstetric risk, have pointed toward differences in obstetric/medical culture permeability and flexibility on medical judgment concerning clinical criteria for cesarean sections.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719660.v1
title: Association between institutional factors, birth care profile, and cesarean section rates in Santa Catarina

description: ABSTRACT: Objectives: To investigate how institutional factors, represented by the social profile of childbirth care, can relate to cesarean section rates. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on data from Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC) for the state of Santa Catarina collected information for each of the six municipalities with the largest number of births from the six macroregional areas. For those municipalities, all of the establishments that had obstetric facilities were considered. A total of 61.278 births took place over 61 selected maternity services. Cesarean prevalence ratios (PR), both crude and adjusted for confounders, were estimated for each one of the individual variables using robust Cox regression. Results: Cesarean births were almost as twice as high in private maternity facilities (89%) when compared to the public ones (45.1%). Giving birth in private hospitals increased by at least 50% the prevalence of caesarean section among primiparae (PR = 1.64), Caucasian (PR = 1.57), women with greater attendance to prenatal care (PR = 1.54), and women having daylight birth (PR = 1.5), when compared with those delivering inside the public sector. Conclusion: Differences in cesarean rates in favor of the private system, among women with better social conditions, amongst which it would be expected a lower obstetric risk, have pointed toward differences in obstetric/medical culture permeability and flexibility on medical judgment concerning clinical criteria for cesarean sections.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719657
title: Survey on Aesthetic Vulvovaginal Procedures: What do PortugueseDoctors andMedical Students Think?

description: Abstract Objective To assess themedical doctors andmedical students’ opinion regarding the evidence and ethical background of the performance of vulvovaginal aesthetic procedures (VVAPs). Methods Cross-sectional online survey among 664 Portuguese medical doctors and students. Results Most participants considered that there is never or there rarely is amedical reason to perform: vulvar whitening (85.9% [502/584]); hymenoplasty (72.0% [437/607]); mons pubis liposuction (71.6% [426/595]); “G-spot” augmentation (71.0% [409/576]); labia majora augmentation (66.3% [390/588]); labia minora augmentation (58.3% [326/559]); or laser vaginal tightening (52.3%[313/599]).Gynecologists and specialistsweremore likely to consider that there are no medical reasons to performVVAPs; the opposite was true for plastic surgeons and students/residents. Hymenoplasty raised ethical doubts in 51.1% (283/554) of the participants. Plastic surgeons and students/residents were less likely to raise ethical objections, while the opposite was true for gynecologists and specialists. Most considered that VVAPs could contribute to an improvement in self-esteem(92.3% [613/664]); sexual function (78.5% [521/664]); vaginal atrophy (69.9% [464/664]); quality of life (66.3% [440/664]); and sexual pain (61.4% [408/664]). Conclusions While medical doctors and students acknowledge the lack of evidence and scientific support for the performance of VVAPs, most do not raise ethical objections about them, especially if they are students or plastic surgeons, or if they have had or have considered having plastic surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719657.v1
title: Survey on Aesthetic Vulvovaginal Procedures: What do PortugueseDoctors andMedical Students Think?

description: Abstract Objective To assess themedical doctors andmedical students’ opinion regarding the evidence and ethical background of the performance of vulvovaginal aesthetic procedures (VVAPs). Methods Cross-sectional online survey among 664 Portuguese medical doctors and students. Results Most participants considered that there is never or there rarely is amedical reason to perform: vulvar whitening (85.9% [502/584]); hymenoplasty (72.0% [437/607]); mons pubis liposuction (71.6% [426/595]); “G-spot” augmentation (71.0% [409/576]); labia majora augmentation (66.3% [390/588]); labia minora augmentation (58.3% [326/559]); or laser vaginal tightening (52.3%[313/599]).Gynecologists and specialistsweremore likely to consider that there are no medical reasons to performVVAPs; the opposite was true for plastic surgeons and students/residents. Hymenoplasty raised ethical doubts in 51.1% (283/554) of the participants. Plastic surgeons and students/residents were less likely to raise ethical objections, while the opposite was true for gynecologists and specialists. Most considered that VVAPs could contribute to an improvement in self-esteem(92.3% [613/664]); sexual function (78.5% [521/664]); vaginal atrophy (69.9% [464/664]); quality of life (66.3% [440/664]); and sexual pain (61.4% [408/664]). Conclusions While medical doctors and students acknowledge the lack of evidence and scientific support for the performance of VVAPs, most do not raise ethical objections about them, especially if they are students or plastic surgeons, or if they have had or have considered having plastic surgery.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719651
title: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF METHODS FOR CALCULATING IONOSPHERIC POINTS AND DESCRIBING THE GNSS SIGNAL PATH

description: Abstract: Many efforts have been done in the last decades to improve the formulation of ionospheric models based on data derived from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Despite significant improvements in estimating the electron content of the GNSS signal path, little attention has been given to the geometric precision of ionospheric points that describe the signal path. In this work, we show a pioneer comparison about the geometric quality of the ionospheric points using distinct methods. Such analysis was carried out by calculating the GNSS signal path through three methods: a well-known geometric formulation; a new method based on linear approximations; and the used by NeQuick and recommended by the International Telecommunication Union, which was used as reference. As a result, we verified that the mean error of the well-known formulation was about 0.7 km and for the new method was at the level of 10-11 km. Also, the proposed method has the advantage to enable the calculation of ionospheric points for GNSS signals with negative elevation angles. Once negative elevation angles derived from Radio-Occultation techniques are definitively important to improve the geometrical coverage of ionospheric modeling, the proposed technique can be useful in the development of ionospheric modeling processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719651.v1
title: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF METHODS FOR CALCULATING IONOSPHERIC POINTS AND DESCRIBING THE GNSS SIGNAL PATH

description: Abstract: Many efforts have been done in the last decades to improve the formulation of ionospheric models based on data derived from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Despite significant improvements in estimating the electron content of the GNSS signal path, little attention has been given to the geometric precision of ionospheric points that describe the signal path. In this work, we show a pioneer comparison about the geometric quality of the ionospheric points using distinct methods. Such analysis was carried out by calculating the GNSS signal path through three methods: a well-known geometric formulation; a new method based on linear approximations; and the used by NeQuick and recommended by the International Telecommunication Union, which was used as reference. As a result, we verified that the mean error of the well-known formulation was about 0.7 km and for the new method was at the level of 10-11 km. Also, the proposed method has the advantage to enable the calculation of ionospheric points for GNSS signals with negative elevation angles. Once negative elevation angles derived from Radio-Occultation techniques are definitively important to improve the geometrical coverage of ionospheric modeling, the proposed technique can be useful in the development of ionospheric modeling processes.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719648
title: Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from an urban forest fragment in Central Amazon (Brazil): Effects of opening areas on abundance, richness, and composition

description: ABSTRACT We assessed the immature stages of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) in artificial containers in an urban forest fragment in Manaus (Brazil), including their behavioral, biological and ecological information. In addition, we evaluated the effects of deforestation in an open and forested area on Ceratopogonidae communities. Immatures were sampled between August 2012 and July 2014 in artificial containers installed in both habitat types. We collected 685 immatures of seven morpho-species of Bezzia Kieffer, Culicoides Latreille, Dasyhelea Kieffer, Forcipomyia Meigen, and Palpomyia Meigen. In the open area, we recorded higher temperature and electrical conductivity values than in the forested area; however, these variables did not differ between seasons. Water volume was higher in open area and in rainy season, while pH was similar in both areas and seasons. Species richness was higher in forested area, but did not differ between seasons. We did not record differences in abundance between areas or seasons. Community composition differed between areas, but not between seasons. We provide the first records of Culicoides (Hoffmania) insignis Lutz and C. (Haematomyidium) quasiparaensis Clastrier in artificial containers from the state of Amazonas. Our results suggest that the preservation of forested areas in Amazonas is fundamental for the maintenance of the life cycle of some species of Ceratopogonidae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719648.v1
title: Biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from an urban forest fragment in Central Amazon (Brazil): Effects of opening areas on abundance, richness, and composition

description: ABSTRACT We assessed the immature stages of Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) in artificial containers in an urban forest fragment in Manaus (Brazil), including their behavioral, biological and ecological information. In addition, we evaluated the effects of deforestation in an open and forested area on Ceratopogonidae communities. Immatures were sampled between August 2012 and July 2014 in artificial containers installed in both habitat types. We collected 685 immatures of seven morpho-species of Bezzia Kieffer, Culicoides Latreille, Dasyhelea Kieffer, Forcipomyia Meigen, and Palpomyia Meigen. In the open area, we recorded higher temperature and electrical conductivity values than in the forested area; however, these variables did not differ between seasons. Water volume was higher in open area and in rainy season, while pH was similar in both areas and seasons. Species richness was higher in forested area, but did not differ between seasons. We did not record differences in abundance between areas or seasons. Community composition differed between areas, but not between seasons. We provide the first records of Culicoides (Hoffmania) insignis Lutz and C. (Haematomyidium) quasiparaensis Clastrier in artificial containers from the state of Amazonas. Our results suggest that the preservation of forested areas in Amazonas is fundamental for the maintenance of the life cycle of some species of Ceratopogonidae.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719642
title: Spirituality in urgent and emergency services

description: Abstract There is a growing interest in the relationship between spirituality and the process of health and disease, due to the protection potential attributed to this dimension in difficult situations, such as during urgent and emergency care, which are identified as stress generators due to their characteristics. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate how spirituality is addressed in urgency and emergency services. A review of literature from publications indexed in Medline and Scopus from 2000 to 2014 was performed and seven articles were selected. It was observed that spirituality is identified as a need for patients and families, particularly in relation to end of life situations. The understanding of this dimension in the context of emergency care remains a challenge, however, as it is not perceived as a priority during care due to the difficulties of working in health services.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719639
title: Spectral characterization of forest plantations with Landsat 8/OLI images for forest planning and management

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of Landsat 8/OLI images to differentiate the age and estimate the total volume of Pinus elliottii, in order to determine the applicability of these data in the planning and management of forest activity. Fifty-three sampling units were installed, and dendrometric variables of 9-and-10-year-old P. elliottii commercial stands were measured. The digital numbers of the image were converted into surface reflectance and, subsequently, vegetation indices were determined. Red and near-infrared reflectance values were used to differentiate the ages of the stands. Regression analysis of the spectral variables was used to estimate the total volume. Increase in age caused an addition in reflectance in the near-infrared band and a decrease in the red band. The general equation for estimating the total volume for P.elliottii had an R2adj of 0.67 with a Syx of 31.46 m3 ha-1. Therefore, the spectral data with medium spatial resolution from the Landsat 8/OLI satellite can be used to distinguish the growth stages of the stands and can, thus, be used in the planning and proper management of forest activity on a spatial and temporal scale.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719642.v1
title: Spirituality in urgent and emergency services

description: Abstract There is a growing interest in the relationship between spirituality and the process of health and disease, due to the protection potential attributed to this dimension in difficult situations, such as during urgent and emergency care, which are identified as stress generators due to their characteristics. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate how spirituality is addressed in urgency and emergency services. A review of literature from publications indexed in Medline and Scopus from 2000 to 2014 was performed and seven articles were selected. It was observed that spirituality is identified as a need for patients and families, particularly in relation to end of life situations. The understanding of this dimension in the context of emergency care remains a challenge, however, as it is not perceived as a priority during care due to the difficulties of working in health services.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719639.v1
title: Spectral characterization of forest plantations with Landsat 8/OLI images for forest planning and management

description: Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of Landsat 8/OLI images to differentiate the age and estimate the total volume of Pinus elliottii, in order to determine the applicability of these data in the planning and management of forest activity. Fifty-three sampling units were installed, and dendrometric variables of 9-and-10-year-old P. elliottii commercial stands were measured. The digital numbers of the image were converted into surface reflectance and, subsequently, vegetation indices were determined. Red and near-infrared reflectance values were used to differentiate the ages of the stands. Regression analysis of the spectral variables was used to estimate the total volume. Increase in age caused an addition in reflectance in the near-infrared band and a decrease in the red band. The general equation for estimating the total volume for P.elliottii had an R2adj of 0.67 with a Syx of 31.46 m3 ha-1. Therefore, the spectral data with medium spatial resolution from the Landsat 8/OLI satellite can be used to distinguish the growth stages of the stands and can, thus, be used in the planning and proper management of forest activity on a spatial and temporal scale.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5719636
title: Sedentary behavior based on screen time: prevalence and associated sociodemographic factors in adolescents

description: Abstract The aim of this study to estimate the prevalence of sedentary behavior based on screen time (≥ 2-hour day) and to identify the association with sociodemographic factors among adolescents in a city in southern Brazil. This is an epidemiological survey of school-based cross-sectional study with students aged 14-19 years in the city of São José/SC - Brazil. Self-administered questionnaire was used, containing information sociodemographic, level of physical activity and about screen time. Descriptive statistics were performed, and odds ratios were estimated using binary logistic regression and 95% confidence level. The prevalence of excess screen time was 86.37% followed by computer use (55.24%), TV use (51.56%) and Videogame use (15.35%). Boys had higher prevalence of excessive video game use. Those of skin color different from white and mothers who studied less than eight years were more likely to watch too much TV, and those of low economic level were more likely of having excessive screen time. Girls of skin color different from white were more likely to watch too much TV, and those aged 14-16 years were more likely to have videogame use time and total time screen above recommended.