cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dc409
title: Data from: Induced defences alter the strength and direction of natural selection on reproductive traits in common milkweed

description: Evolutionary biologists have long sought to understand the ecological
 processes that generate plant reproductive diversity. Recent evidence
 indicates that constitutive antiherbivore defences can alter natural
 selection on reproductive traits, but it is unclear whether induced
 defences will have the same effect and whether reduced foliar damage in
 defended plants is the cause of this pattern. In a factorial field
 experiment using common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca L., we induced plant
 defences using jasmonic acid (JA) and imposed foliar damage using
 scissors. We found that JA-induced plants experienced selection for more
 inflorescences that were smaller in size (fewer flowers), whereas control
 plants only experienced a trend towards selection for larger
 inflorescences (more flowers); all effects were independent of foliar
 damage. Our results demonstrate that induced defences can alter both the
 strength and direction of selection on reproductive traits, and suggest
 that antiherbivore defences may promote the evolution of plant
 reproductive diversity.
description: Master ZIP file
 containing data, analysis script, and metadata.This .ZIP file contains
 data (.csv) for each milkweed plant included in the experiment, with
 information about treatments and measurements. It also includes analysis
 script (.R), and a readme file (.txt) containing
 metadata.Thompson_etal_2017-MasterFile.zipDataset only (.csv)Download only the data2016-03-01-DFE_Data_CSV.csvAnalysis script only (.R)Download only the R script.2017-01-24-DFE_R-SCRIPT.R
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2s231
title: Data from: The microsporidian parasite Vavraia culicis as a potential late life-acting control agent of malaria

description: Microsporidian parasites are being considered as alternatives to
 conventional insecticides for malaria control. They should reduce malaria
 transmission by shortening the lifespan of female mosquitoes and thus
 killing them before they transmit malaria. As the parasite replicates
 throughout the mosquito’s life, it should have little detrimental effects
 on young mosquitoes, thus putting less selection pressure on the hosts to
 evolve resistance. Here we examined these expectations for the
 microsporidian Vavraia culicis on Anopheles gambiae Giles sensu stricto
 mosquitoes under varying environmental conditions. Infection by the
 microsporidian delayed pupation by 10%, decreased fecundity by 23% and
 reduced adult lifespan by 27%, with higher infectious doses causing
 greater effects. The decrease of the lifespan was mostly due to an
 increase of the mortality rate with age. Similarly, the parasite’s effect
 on mosquito fecundity increased with the mosquitoes’ age. Neither
 infection nor food availability affected juvenile survival. Thus, as V.
 culicis reduced the longevity of A. gambiae (s.s.), yet affected mortality
 and fecundity of the young mosquitoes only slightly, the microsporidian is
 a promising alternative to insecticides for effective malaria control that
 will impose little evolutionary pressure for resistance.
description: data1.EvolApplicExperiment 1: the effect of Vavraia on juvenile survival and adult longevity. Text file with column headers, column separated by commas.data2.EvolApplicExperiment 2: effect of Vavraia on age-specific fecundity. Text file with column headers; columns separated by commas.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.85qg3
title: Data from: Elevated HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vietnam: a systematic review

description: Objectives: To review and analyze original studies on HIV prevalence and
 risk behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Vietnam. Design:
 Systematic literature review. Comprehensive identification of material was
 conducted by systematic electronic searches of selected databases.
 Inclusion criteria included studies conducted from 2002 onwards, following
 a systematic review concluding in 2001 conducted by Colby, Nghia Huu, and
 Doussantousse. Data analysis was undertaken through the application of
 both the Cochrane Collaboration and ePPI Centre approaches to the
 synthesis of qualitative and quantitative studies. Setting: Vietnam.
 Results: Sixteen studies, undertaken during 2005-2011, were identified
 that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis showed that HIV prevalence
 among MSM in Vietnam has increased significantly (from 9.4 in 2006 to 20%
 in 2010 in Hanoi, for instance) and that protective behaviours, such as
 condom use and HIV testing and counselling, continue at inadequately low
 levels. Conclusions: Increasing HIV prevalence and the lack of effective
 protective behaviours such as consistent condom use during anal sex among
 MSM in Vietnam indicate a potential for a more severe HIV epidemic in the
 future unless targeted and segmented comprehensive HIV prevention
 strategies for MSM in Vietnam are designed and programs implemented.
description: MGarcia_Data Abstraction
 File_BMJOpen (21-Aug-12)Supplementary document:
 data abstraction file used to classify and score studies included in
 systematic review
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5vn65dh
title: Data from: Feedback between environment and traits under selection in a seasonal environment: consequences for experimental evolution

description: Batch cultures are frequently used in experimental evolution. Even though
 they are generally considered to simply drive a growth rate increase,
 traits evolution can be more complex. Indeed, recurrent batches form a
 seasonal environment as different phases repeat periodically and different
 traits can be under selection in the different seasons. Moreover, during
 culture the impact of organisms on the environment is important since the
 system is closed. Thus, the study of adaptation should take into account
 the environment and eco-evolutionary feedbacks. Using the data of an
 experimental evolution on yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we develop a
 mathematical model to understand which traits are under selection, and
 what is the role of the environment for selection in a batch culture. We
 show that two kinds of traits are under selection in seasonal
 environments: life-history traits, related to growth and mortality, and
 transition traits, related to the ability to maintain high growth rate
 when the environment changes. The impact of environmental conditions can
 be summarized by the length of the different seasons which weight the
 importance of selection on each trait: the longer a season is, the higher
 is selection on the associated traits. Since phenotypes drive the length
 of each season, eco-evolutionary feedbacks emerge. Such feedbacks are
 known to promote coexistence between different species or strains. Our
 results show that the design of the batch in an experimental evolution can
 affect which traits are most selected because of these feedbacks.
description: data_inferenceData used to infer parameters values. The 72 evolved strains are identified by number, while ancestor are labelled "Ancestor". Five variables have been measured: time, Cell concentration, ethanol concentration, glucose concentration and percentage of living cell. The percentage of living cells is only measured for time 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j6k6112
title: Data from: Nutrient-specific compensation for seasonal cold stress in a free-ranging temperate colobine monkey

description: 1. Homeostatic responses of animals to environmentally-induced changes in
 nutrient requirements provide a powerful basis for predictive ecological
 models, and yet such responses are virtually unstudied in the wild. 2. We
 tested for macronutrient-specific compensatory feeding responses by
 free-ranging golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana)
 inhabiting high altitude temperate forests where they experience a
 substantial difference in ambient temperature in cold winters vs. warmer
 springs. The monkeys had free access to natural foods throughout the year,
 and to ensure that any seasonal differences in nutrient intake were due to
 homeostatic compensation and not constraints on food availability, we
 studied the monkeys during periods in which they were provisioned with the
 same amount of supplementary foods in winter and spring. 3.
 Thermoregulatory energy costs in winter and spring were calculated using
 partitional calorimetric estimations of convective and radiative heat loss
 obtained from thermal imaging of free-ranging monkeys in situ. Daily
 nutrient intakes were measured using continuous focal follows (average 6.9
 h/day) of free-ranging individuals (27 in spring and 28 in winter). 4. We
 used a nutritional geometry framework to integrate these data and test
 three predictions: i. In order to remain thermoneutral (balance heat loss
 with heat expenditure), golden snub-nosed monkeys decrease daily energy
 consumption during the spring compared to winter, ii. Decreased energy
 intake is accomplished specifically by reducing intake of the primary
 energetic nutrients, carbohydrate and lipid, relative to protein, and iii.
 The seasonal reduction in ingested fat and carbohydrate calories will
 quantitatively match the reduction in thermoregulatory costs in spring
 compared with winter. 5. Our results showed that energy intake in spring
 was reduced to almost half (55%) of that in winter. As predicted, this was
 achieved by specifically reducing fat and carbohydrate consumption with
 protein intake unchanged, by a quantity (326 kJ/mbm) that almost exactly
 matched the seasonal difference in the daily energetic costs of
 thermoregulation (329 kJ/mbm). 6. This is the first study to test for a
 match between nutrient-specific homeostatic compensation and
 environmentally-induced perturbations in nutrient requirements in
 free-ranging animals, and underpins the potential for the homeostasis
 framework to provide predictive power to ecological models.
description: Appendix
 1Appendix
 2
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c15d8
title: Data from: Neighbor effects on tree architecture: functional trade-offs balancing crown competitiveness with wind resistance

description: 1. The architecture of trees is the result of constrained, morphologically
 plastic growth—constrained by an underlying architectural model embedded
 in their genome, the structure of which can be significantly altered
 during growth to match the changing environmental conditions to which the
 tree is exposed. Here, we examined the hypothesis that crowding from
 neighbors should cause trees to optimize traits for light competition at
 the expense of wind resistance, with the reverse being true for trees
 lacking neighbors. Previous studies have examined the influence of light
 competition or wind resistance on shaping tree architecture, but few, if
 any, have simultaneously addressed tradeoffs for optimizing these traits
 in response to crowding from neighboring trees in forests, as compared to
 open-grown conditions. 2. We studied the response of tree- and
 branch-level architectural traits of temperate, broad-leaved, deciduous
 tree species of differing shade tolerance and wood strength from multiple
 locations across the northeastern United States. Trees ranged in size (4
 to 83 cm diameter at 1.3 m) and crowding conditions (open-grown and
 forests) and occupied different canopy positions. The open-grown trees
 represented a null condition, where the lack of neighboring trees to shape
 architectural traits could be contrasted with the influence of different
 levels of crowding in forests. 3. Our results show strong evidence for a
 tree neighborhood-induced convergence of architectural traits across
 species and conditions, even when trees are growing in urban rather than
 natural forest conditions. After accounting for crowding, the effects of
 species and sample location contributed very little to explaining
 variation in architectural traits. One exception was crown dimensions, for
 which species-specific differences explained about 15% of the residual
 variation. 4. Under open-grown conditions, alleviation of light
 competition caused trees to develop relatively large crowns and branches
 and a squat growth form suitable to resist greater wind exposure. By
 contrast, increasing shading from neighboring trees caused forest-grown
 trees to become increasingly more spindly in the main stem, with slender
 branches sparsely distributed over a disproportionately large crown
 volume—presumably to maximize light capture. Though the latter is an
 intrinsically less wind-stable form, it can be adopted to increase light
 capture, because neighboring trees reduce exposure to the wind, which
 should greatly reduce the likelihood of stem breakage or uprooting under
 critical wind pressures.
description: Data from MacFarlane and
 Kane 2017 Functional EcologyThis data set includes
 tree, stem and branch data from the MacFarlane and Kane 2017 Functional
 Ecology paper. A data dictionary is included in the file to explain the
 meaning of all the variables.MacFarlane and Kane
 Data.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cg8r0
title: Data from: Grazing damage and encrustation by an invasive bryozoan reduce the ability of kelps to withstand breakage by waves

description: Increased breakage of macroalgal fronds during large wave events can
 significantly reduce canopy cover and biomass. We examined the effects of
 encrustation by the invasive bryozoan Membranipora membranacea and damage
 by the snail Lacuna vincta on the ability of kelp blades (Saccharina
 longicruris, Laminaria digitata, and Laminaria complanata) to withstand
 wave forces. Using standard materials testing procedures, we documented
 significant reductions in the maximum stress before breakage, toughness,
 and extensibility of blade material following bryozoan encrustation.
 Histological sections of blade tissue indicated a significant degradation
 of the outer layers of cells following prolonged encrustation by M.
 membranacea as a likely cause of weakening. Full-thickness perforations
 and partial-thickness grazing scars also reduced blade strength,
 suggesting that grazing damage can initiate cracks that lead to blade
 breakage. Our findings provide a mechanistic link between the damaging
 effects of mesograzers and encrusting bryozoa on their algal hosts and the
 export of detrital material from subtidal kelp beds.
description: Kelp Strength. A
 Canadian Healthy Oceans Network Ecosystem Function Project,
 EF-11Data are measurements of
 maximum stress before breakage, toughness, modulus of material stiffness,
 and strain at breakage for kelp blades of three different species
 (Laminaria digitata, Saccharina latissima, and Laminaria complanata) with
 different types of blade damage. Blade damage type is indicated in the
 Sample Type column. Excavations refer to partial thickness grazing scars
 in blades created by Lacuna vincta, holes refer to full thickness grazing
 holes in blades created by Lacuna vincta, MM refers to blades covered with
 Membranipora membranacea, but with no visible degradation, and MM lesion
 refers to blades covered by Membranipora membranacea with visible
 degradation. Undamaged samples were controls.Kelp
 Strength.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.53v1r
title: Data from: Perceptions of enhanced weathering as a biological negative emissions option

description: This paper addresses the social acceptability of enhanced weathering, a
 technology that would involve spreading silicate particles over
 terrestrial surfaces in order to boost the biological processes that
 currently sequester CO2 as part of the earth's natural carbon cycle.
 We present the first exploration of British attitudes towards enhanced
 weathering, using an online survey (n = 935) of a representative quota
 sample of the public. Baseline awareness of weathering was extremely low.
 Many respondents remained undecided or neutral about risks, although more
 people support than oppose weathering. Factors predicting support for
 weathering and its research included feelings about the technology and
 trust in scientists. Over half of the sample agrees that scientists should
 be able to conduct research into effectiveness and risks, but with
 conditions also placed upon how research is conducted, including the need
 for scientific independence, small-scale trials, strict monitoring, risk
 minimization and transparency of results. Public engagement is needed to
 explore in more detail why particular individuals feel either positive or
 negative about weathering, and why they believe particular conditions
 should be applied to research, as part of wider responsible research and
 innovation processes for biological and other types of negative emissions
 technologies.
description: Enhanced_Weathering_Public_SurveyDataData was collected online using Qualtrics survey software in April 2016 from 935 participants drawn from across the UK. The source file is in EXCEL (.csv file format). Original data analysis was conducted using SPSS. File contains participant gender plus 11 items asking about enhanced weathering and climate policy. Refer to Table 1 in the published paper (Pidgeon and Spence, 2017) for full details of precise questions asked and response categories.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kj275
title: Data from: Work stress and metabolic syndrome in police officers. A prospective study

description: Objective: The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the
 association between occupational stress and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a
 rapid response police unit. Method: Work-related stress was continuously
 monitored during the 5-year period with both the Demand-Control-Support
 (DCS) and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) models. Blood pressure, body
 mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and
 fasting blood glucose were measured at baseline in January 2009, and in
 January 2014. 234 out of 290 police officers (81%) completed the
 follow-up. Results: The majority of police officers had high stress
 levels. At follow-up, police officers in the highest quartile of stress
 had significantly higher mean levels of triglycerides, and lower levels of
 HDL-cholesterol than their colleagues in the lowest quartile. Police
 officers with high stress had an increased adjusted risk of developing
 MetS (aOR = 2.68; CI95% = 1.08–6.70), and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR =
 7.86; CI95 = 1.29–48.04). Demand and Effort were significant predictors of
 MetS. Conclusion: Our study supports the hypothesis that work-related
 stress induces MetS, particularly through its effects on blood lipids.
 Future longitudinal studies with continuous monitoring of stress levels
 will definitively confirm this hypothesis.
description: Dryad_metab_stress_15Data used in the study "Work stress and metabolic syndrome in police officers. A prospective study".Legends: followup concluded follow-up (0=no, 1=yes) eta age, years fumo smoke, 0=no, 1=yes sonno sleep disorders, 0=no, 1=yes col0 cholesterol, baseline hdlcol0 hdl-cholesterol, baseline tg0 triglycerides, baseline gluc0 blood glucose, baseline obe0 obesity, baseline hipres0 high blood pressure hitg0 high triglycerides lowhdl0 low HDL-C higluc0 hi blood glucose metcomp0 MetS components, number MetS0 MetS at baseline hdlcol HDL-C value at follow-up trigl follow-up vakue glic follow-up value obes follow-up obesity hipres follow-up hypertension hitry follow-up hypertriglyceridemia lowhdl follow-up low HDL-C metcomp follow-up metabolic components higluc follow-up diabetes MetS follow-up MetS prevalence incidMetS follow-up incident cases of MetS strestot stress, rank x_dem mean demand x_contr mean control x_supp mean support x_eff mean effort x_rew mean reward x_over mean overcommitment x_dcr mean job strain x_eri mean ERI hi_x_dcr DCR&gt;1 hi_x_eri ERI&gt;1 hi_x_stres stress level: 0:&lt;1; 1: exceeding 1 in one model; 2: &gt;1 with both models
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.vb051
title: Data from: A quantitative taxonomic review of Fusichonetes and Tethyochonetes (Chonetidina, Brachiopoda)

description: Two middle Permian (Capitanian) to Early Triassic (Griesbachian)
 rugosochonetidae brachiopod genera, Fusichonetes Liao in Zhao et al., 1981
 and Tethyochonetes Chen et al., 2000, have been regarded as two distinct
 taxa and used as such for a wide range of discussions including
 biostratigraphy, paleoecology, paleobiogeography, and the Permian-Triassic
 boundary mass extinction. However, the supposed morphological distinctions
 between the two taxa are subtle at best and appear to represent two end
 members of a continuum of morphological variations. In this study, we
 applied a range of quantitative and analytical procedures (bivariate
 plots, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, categorical principle component analysis,
 and cladistic analysis) to a dataset of 15 quantified morphological
 variables, integrating both key external and internal characters, measured
 from 141 specimens of all well-known Fusichonetes and Tethyochonetes in
 order to test whether or not these two genera could be distinguished in
 view of the chosen characters. The results indicate that these two genera
 are morphologically indistinguishable and that the species classification
 previously applied to these two genera appears to represent polyphyletic
 groupings within the genus Fusichonetes. Consequently, Tethyochonetes is
 concluded to be a junior synonym of Fusichonetes. The diagnosis and key
 characteristics of Fusichonetes are clarified and refined based on a new
 suite of well-preserved specimens from the Permian−Triassic Xinmin section
 in South China.
description: Supplemental
 Dataonline supplementary
 data showing the existing Tethyochonetes species, original data for the
 bivariate plots and regression analysis, original data for CATPCA
 analysis, original data for cladistics analysis and quantitative data for
 the revised genus Fusichonetes.supplemental
 data.7z
DOI: 10.15468/dl.8tbhdq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4442 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Cornus florida",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4442 records from 204 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001041-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.