cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290411.v1
title: Out-migration and cash transfers as a livelihoods adaptation to the droughts in the Seridó Potiguar

description: Abstract Based on an urban survey undertaken in 2017 and involving more than one thousand households in the Seridó Potiguar, in the Brazilian Semi-arid, this paper aims to analyze e objective of this paper is to understand how governmental social programs and migrant´s remittances have become a key household adaptation strategies to droughts. The methodology consists in descriptive statistics, and, tests of statistical sampling and differences among proportions. The results show a higher prevalence of remittances sent by emigrants to for families with lower income levels in the origin (until two minimum wages per capita), which represents a key component supporting for these families. Cash transfer programs were more important for families of smaller per capita incomes. This finding seems related to the concentration of population in the urban zone, although some advantages seem to exist regarding household strategies regarding the allocation of one or some of their members in urban labor markets in order to increase family income.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290411
title: Out-migration and cash transfers as a livelihoods adaptation to the droughts in the Seridó Potiguar

description: Abstract Based on an urban survey undertaken in 2017 and involving more than one thousand households in the Seridó Potiguar, in the Brazilian Semi-arid, this paper aims to analyze e objective of this paper is to understand how governmental social programs and migrant´s remittances have become a key household adaptation strategies to droughts. The methodology consists in descriptive statistics, and, tests of statistical sampling and differences among proportions. The results show a higher prevalence of remittances sent by emigrants to for families with lower income levels in the origin (until two minimum wages per capita), which represents a key component supporting for these families. Cash transfer programs were more important for families of smaller per capita incomes. This finding seems related to the concentration of population in the urban zone, although some advantages seem to exist regarding household strategies regarding the allocation of one or some of their members in urban labor markets in order to increase family income.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290413.v1
title: Who help irregular migrants? Supporters of irregular migrants in Amsterdam (the Netherlands) and Turin (Italy)

description: Abstract Supporters of irregular migrants play an important role in the interactions between irregular migrants and the state. This article aims to shed light on the variety of actors involved in the support of irregular migrants and what kind of help they provide. The article asks whether this kind of help should be seen as purely humanitarian or as a form of political action; and describes a scale ranging from practical help to political help. With forms of hybrid help in between, to emphasize how everyday practices can be considered political in subtle or indirect ways.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290415
title: The march of mixed flows through Costa Rica in the light of some theories that describe migrations in the XXI century

description: Abstract This article makes a theoretical link (Bauman, Sassen, Salazar and Glick-Schiller) between the so-called migration mixed flows phenomenon, passing through Costa Rica. In this, it is evident that these flows are product of an increasingly strong neoliberal approach on human behaviour, with a clear pressure to eliminate market restrictions and a weakening of National States. Naturally, this provokes a process of social selection of aptitude to join new socioeconomic processes. The sectors of the population that cannot adapt will have to search for opportunities in other latitudes, regardless of the distances and sacrifices that this entails. This is the case of migrations of mixed flows passing through Costa Rica to the United States. These migrants face not only a daunting journey, but as 2020, they collide with the closure of borders in the region due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290417
title: Migratory Configurations: A Reflection for Three German Scenarios

description: Abstract The article presents an ethnographic reflection on the configurations of the migrant experience in seven cities of three German states. We will start by situating, in the second section, the migratory context in Germany, through a synthesis of official statistical data. In the third, we present our observations on the migration context in the cities of the state of Thuringia. In the fourth, in the cities of Hesse and, in the fifth, in those of North Rhine-Westphalia. We close with reflections on the migrant configurations in these three territories of Germany.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290415.v1
title: The march of mixed flows through Costa Rica in the light of some theories that describe migrations in the XXI century

description: Abstract This article makes a theoretical link (Bauman, Sassen, Salazar and Glick-Schiller) between the so-called migration mixed flows phenomenon, passing through Costa Rica. In this, it is evident that these flows are product of an increasingly strong neoliberal approach on human behaviour, with a clear pressure to eliminate market restrictions and a weakening of National States. Naturally, this provokes a process of social selection of aptitude to join new socioeconomic processes. The sectors of the population that cannot adapt will have to search for opportunities in other latitudes, regardless of the distances and sacrifices that this entails. This is the case of migrations of mixed flows passing through Costa Rica to the United States. These migrants face not only a daunting journey, but as 2020, they collide with the closure of borders in the region due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290420
title: Border sexuality: identity exp¬eriences and inclusion paths of women with non-heteronormative sexual orientation born from mixed couples

description: Abstract The article examines the processes of identification of women born from mixed couples (one Italian and one foreign parent), to explain the complexity in the self-determination processes of women with non-hetero-normative sexuality living in multicultural families. Based on the intersectionality paradigm, we will analyse how biosocial categories such as sex, gender, sexual orientation, class, name, skin colour, family background may influence the self-definition identity processes and generate multiple discrimination. Inspired by Gloria Anzaldúa’s thoughts, we will highlight how girls shun widespread heteronormative models not only of mainstream society, but of the LGBT community itself. We also applied a methodology used in non-formal education, which allowed us to explore how the women interviewed put different aspects of themselves to the test, negotiating them in the different scenarios of everyday life, in an attempt to counteract situations for which they can feel stigmatized and oppressed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290417.v1
title: Migratory Configurations: A Reflection for Three German Scenarios

description: Abstract The article presents an ethnographic reflection on the configurations of the migrant experience in seven cities of three German states. We will start by situating, in the second section, the migratory context in Germany, through a synthesis of official statistical data. In the third, we present our observations on the migration context in the cities of the state of Thuringia. In the fourth, in the cities of Hesse and, in the fifth, in those of North Rhine-Westphalia. We close with reflections on the migrant configurations in these three territories of Germany.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7507307
title: Initial growth and tolerance of melon cultivars under salt stress

description: Abstract The melon crop is normally developed in semiarid regions, where water resources are limited. This scarcity of water is a strong stressor on the crops, and requires the supplementation of existing water supplies with poor quality water, especially saline water. This can impede the growth and production of plants; however, the use of tolerant genotypes may minimize this problem. Thus, a greenhouse experiment was developed at the Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Pombal Campus, Paraiba State, Brazil, in order to study the emergence, initial growth, and tolerance of melon cultivars irrigated with waters of different salt content. We studied three melon cultivars (Gaúcho Redondo, Gaúcho Casca de Carvalho and Halles Best Jumbo) irrigated with five levels of saline water (0.6; 1.2; 1.8; 2.4; and 3.0 dS m-1), arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, with the treatments distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The plants seeds were monitored for 30 days after sowing, and at 30 days the growth and salinity tolerance index was evaluated. Cultivar Halles Best Jumbo was the most tolerant to saline water during initial stage of growth, while the Gaucho Redondo was more sensitive to salinity. It was found that saline waters up to 1.8 dS m-1 were suitable for irrigation of melon plants round Gaucho and waters up to 2.4 dS m-1 could be used for irrigation of Gaucho Casca de Carvalho and Halles Best Jumbo crops during the initial growth phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290420.v1
title: Border sexuality: identity exp¬eriences and inclusion paths of women with non-heteronormative sexual orientation born from mixed couples

description: Abstract The article examines the processes of identification of women born from mixed couples (one Italian and one foreign parent), to explain the complexity in the self-determination processes of women with non-hetero-normative sexuality living in multicultural families. Based on the intersectionality paradigm, we will analyse how biosocial categories such as sex, gender, sexual orientation, class, name, skin colour, family background may influence the self-definition identity processes and generate multiple discrimination. Inspired by Gloria Anzaldúa’s thoughts, we will highlight how girls shun widespread heteronormative models not only of mainstream society, but of the LGBT community itself. We also applied a methodology used in non-formal education, which allowed us to explore how the women interviewed put different aspects of themselves to the test, negotiating them in the different scenarios of everyday life, in an attempt to counteract situations for which they can feel stigmatized and oppressed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7507307.v1
title: Initial growth and tolerance of melon cultivars under salt stress

description: Abstract The melon crop is normally developed in semiarid regions, where water resources are limited. This scarcity of water is a strong stressor on the crops, and requires the supplementation of existing water supplies with poor quality water, especially saline water. This can impede the growth and production of plants; however, the use of tolerant genotypes may minimize this problem. Thus, a greenhouse experiment was developed at the Federal University of Campina Grande - UFCG, Pombal Campus, Paraiba State, Brazil, in order to study the emergence, initial growth, and tolerance of melon cultivars irrigated with waters of different salt content. We studied three melon cultivars (Gaúcho Redondo, Gaúcho Casca de Carvalho and Halles Best Jumbo) irrigated with five levels of saline water (0.6; 1.2; 1.8; 2.4; and 3.0 dS m-1), arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme, with the treatments distributed in a randomized block design with four replications. The plants seeds were monitored for 30 days after sowing, and at 30 days the growth and salinity tolerance index was evaluated. Cultivar Halles Best Jumbo was the most tolerant to saline water during initial stage of growth, while the Gaucho Redondo was more sensitive to salinity. It was found that saline waters up to 1.8 dS m-1 were suitable for irrigation of melon plants round Gaucho and waters up to 2.4 dS m-1 could be used for irrigation of Gaucho Casca de Carvalho and Halles Best Jumbo crops during the initial growth phase.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7509944
title: Streamflow regionalization of Q95: comparison of methods for the Taquari-Antas River Basin

description: Abstract The low density of the national hydrometeorological network has greatly limited the representation of the behavior of water resources. Thus, stream regionalization is an alternative to better exploit existing data, allowing the transfer of information from one location to another with similar hydrological behavior. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the estimates of the minimum Q95 flowrate obtained through the Traditional and Mass Conservation methods in the basins of the Taquari-Antas River, in state of Rio Grande do Sul, with the aim of assisting water-resource management and facilitating decision-making in relation to the process of granting water-use permits. As an independent variable for the mathematical regression, we used the drainage area, extracted from a MDEHC. The regionalization equations of the reference flow Q95 and the respective hydrologically homogeneous regions were obtained for the two methods tested, being the magnitude of the relative errors inherent in the methodologies employed. Considering the peculiarities of this work, both assessed methods have shown satisfactory results in obtaining models to estimate the Q95 flowrate; however, it should be noted that the applied techniques do not replace hydrological information obtained with a sufficiently dense hydrometric network.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7509944.v1
title: Streamflow regionalization of Q95: comparison of methods for the Taquari-Antas River Basin

description: Abstract The low density of the national hydrometeorological network has greatly limited the representation of the behavior of water resources. Thus, stream regionalization is an alternative to better exploit existing data, allowing the transfer of information from one location to another with similar hydrological behavior. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the estimates of the minimum Q95 flowrate obtained through the Traditional and Mass Conservation methods in the basins of the Taquari-Antas River, in state of Rio Grande do Sul, with the aim of assisting water-resource management and facilitating decision-making in relation to the process of granting water-use permits. As an independent variable for the mathematical regression, we used the drainage area, extracted from a MDEHC. The regionalization equations of the reference flow Q95 and the respective hydrologically homogeneous regions were obtained for the two methods tested, being the magnitude of the relative errors inherent in the methodologies employed. Considering the peculiarities of this work, both assessed methods have shown satisfactory results in obtaining models to estimate the Q95 flowrate; however, it should be noted that the applied techniques do not replace hydrological information obtained with a sufficiently dense hydrometric network.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290423
title: Regionalization of maximum, minimum and mean streamflows for the Juruena River basin, Brazil

description: Abstract This study aimed to regionalize maximum (Qmax), minimum (Q95), and long-term mean (Qltm) streamflows in the Juruena River Basin to further water-resource planning and management, especially regarding water-use grant rights, streamflow regulation, and hydraulic designs. To do that, a traditional method was used, which relates the interest streamflows with sub-basin physiographic parameters by linear and nonlinear regressions. In summary, the traditional method was efficient for regionalization of Q95, Qltm, and Qmax streamflows for the Juruena River Basin. Moreover, the explanatory variables able to provide the best results for regionalization of Q95 and Qltm stream flows are drainage area, total watercourse length, and sub-basin mean altitude. For Qmax regionalization, the best results were provided by explanatory variables like drainage area, perimeter, and total watercourse length.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290429
title: Treatment of swine wastewater using the Fenton process with ultrasound and recycled iron

description: Abstract Pork production involves the generation of wastewater containing a high pollutant load. Although the biological systems show satisfactory efficiency for the treatment of these effluents, they demand an elevated area for installation and high production of biological sludge. Alternatively, oxidative processes are an alternative for treating such effluents, requiring minor areas and increasing the efficiency of the treatment. We studied the Fenton process assisted with ultrasound for the treatment of swine slaughterhouse wastewater. Nails used in civil construction were used as the iron source. We evaluated the influence of pH, contact time, nail mass, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on color removal, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). The removal of nutrients and oils and greases was also evaluated. The best results using the ultrasound-assisted Fenton process were obtained at pH 3, hydrogen peroxide concentration 90 mg L-1, and a nail unit (2.7g). In these conditions, color, turbidity, COD, and BOD5 removal of 98, 98.2, 84.6, and 98%, respectively, were achieved. The reduction in the other parameters evaluated was above 70%. Catalytic activity maintained above 90% until the sixth cycle of use. In general, the ultrasound-assisted Fenton process using the nail as a catalyst would be an alternative for the treatment of swine slaughterhouse wastewater. This alternative is responsible for the higher removal of organic load and nutrients in a shorter time when compared with biological systems.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290423.v1
title: Regionalization of maximum, minimum and mean streamflows for the Juruena River basin, Brazil

description: Abstract This study aimed to regionalize maximum (Qmax), minimum (Q95), and long-term mean (Qltm) streamflows in the Juruena River Basin to further water-resource planning and management, especially regarding water-use grant rights, streamflow regulation, and hydraulic designs. To do that, a traditional method was used, which relates the interest streamflows with sub-basin physiographic parameters by linear and nonlinear regressions. In summary, the traditional method was efficient for regionalization of Q95, Qltm, and Qmax streamflows for the Juruena River Basin. Moreover, the explanatory variables able to provide the best results for regionalization of Q95 and Qltm stream flows are drainage area, total watercourse length, and sub-basin mean altitude. For Qmax regionalization, the best results were provided by explanatory variables like drainage area, perimeter, and total watercourse length.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290427
title: Streamflow regionalization for the Mortes River Basin upstream from the Funil Hydropower Plant, MG

description: Abstract Maximum and minimum streamflow are fundamental for water resource management, especially for water rights. However, lack of monitoring and scarce streamflow data limit such studies. Streamflow regionalization is a useful tool to overcome these limitations. The study developed models for regionalization of the maximum and minimum reference streamflows for the Mortes River Basin (MRB) (Water Resources Planning and Management Unit - GD2), Southern Minas Gerais State. The study used long-term streamflow historical series provided by the Brazilian National Water Agency (ANA). Previous exploratory analysis was performed, and it was observed that the streamflow series are stationary according to the Mann-Kendall test. The estimation of the streamflow for different return periods (RP) was performed by fitting Probability Density Functions (PDFs) that were tested by the Anderson-Darling (AD) test. The Generalized Extreme Values (GEV) and Wakeby were the most appropriate PDFs for maximum and minimum streamflows, respectively. The streamflow models were fitted using a power regression procedure, considering the drainage area of the watersheds as inputs. The fittings reached the coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.90. Thus, the streamflow regionalization models demonstrated good performance and are a potential tool to be used for water resource management in the studied basin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290427.v1
title: Streamflow regionalization for the Mortes River Basin upstream from the Funil Hydropower Plant, MG

description: Abstract Maximum and minimum streamflow are fundamental for water resource management, especially for water rights. However, lack of monitoring and scarce streamflow data limit such studies. Streamflow regionalization is a useful tool to overcome these limitations. The study developed models for regionalization of the maximum and minimum reference streamflows for the Mortes River Basin (MRB) (Water Resources Planning and Management Unit - GD2), Southern Minas Gerais State. The study used long-term streamflow historical series provided by the Brazilian National Water Agency (ANA). Previous exploratory analysis was performed, and it was observed that the streamflow series are stationary according to the Mann-Kendall test. The estimation of the streamflow for different return periods (RP) was performed by fitting Probability Density Functions (PDFs) that were tested by the Anderson-Darling (AD) test. The Generalized Extreme Values (GEV) and Wakeby were the most appropriate PDFs for maximum and minimum streamflows, respectively. The streamflow models were fitted using a power regression procedure, considering the drainage area of the watersheds as inputs. The fittings reached the coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.90. Thus, the streamflow regionalization models demonstrated good performance and are a potential tool to be used for water resource management in the studied basin.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14290429.v1
title: Treatment of swine wastewater using the Fenton process with ultrasound and recycled iron

description: Abstract Pork production involves the generation of wastewater containing a high pollutant load. Although the biological systems show satisfactory efficiency for the treatment of these effluents, they demand an elevated area for installation and high production of biological sludge. Alternatively, oxidative processes are an alternative for treating such effluents, requiring minor areas and increasing the efficiency of the treatment. We studied the Fenton process assisted with ultrasound for the treatment of swine slaughterhouse wastewater. Nails used in civil construction were used as the iron source. We evaluated the influence of pH, contact time, nail mass, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on color removal, turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). The removal of nutrients and oils and greases was also evaluated. The best results using the ultrasound-assisted Fenton process were obtained at pH 3, hydrogen peroxide concentration 90 mg L-1, and a nail unit (2.7g). In these conditions, color, turbidity, COD, and BOD5 removal of 98, 98.2, 84.6, and 98%, respectively, were achieved. The reduction in the other parameters evaluated was above 70%. Catalytic activity maintained above 90% until the sixth cycle of use. In general, the ultrasound-assisted Fenton process using the nail as a catalyst would be an alternative for the treatment of swine slaughterhouse wastewater. This alternative is responsible for the higher removal of organic load and nutrients in a shorter time when compared with biological systems.