cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.44j0zpcjc
title: Increasing species richness along elevational gradients is associated with niche packing in bat assemblages

description: 1. The change in species richness along elevational gradients is a
 well-known pattern in nature. Niche theory predicts that increasing
 species richness in assemblages can either lead to denser packing of niche
 space (‘niche packing’) or an expansion into its novel regions (‘niche
 expansion’). Traditionally, these scenarios have been studied using
 functional traits, but stable isotopes provide advantages such as
 identifying the degree of resource specialisation or niche partitioning
 among functionally similar species. 2. In this study, we evaluate the
 relevance of niche packing vs. niche expansion by investigating stable
 carbon and nitrogen isotopic niche width and overlap among 23 bat species
 from six functional groups across a 1500 m elevational gradient in the
 Himalaya. 3. Our results suggest that an increase in species richness in
 the low elevation is accompanied by small niche width with high overlap,
 whereas the high elevation assemblage shows large niche width with low
 overlap among functional group members. At the functional group level,
 edge-space foraging, trawling, and active gleaning bats have the highest
 niche width while passive-gleaning bats that are only found in high
 elevations are isotopic specialists showing low overlap with other groups.
 Edge and open-space foraging bats showed idiosyncratic changes in niche
 width across elevations. We also find that the niches of rhinolophid bats
 overlap with edge-space and open-space foraging bats despite their unique
 functional traits. 4. These results support the idea that, at low
 elevations, high species richness is associated with niche packing while
 at high elevations, strong niche partitioning prevails in dynamic and
 resource-poor environments. We conclude that although high-elevation
 animal assemblages are often ‘functionally underdispersed’, i.e. show
 homogenous functional traits, our approach based on stable isotopes
 demonstrates niche partitioning among such functionally similar species.
description: Please refer to the manuscript for detailed methods on how the
 data were collected. The isotope data on bats, plants, and insects have
 not been processed. The other two datasets (Layman metrics and SEAb) were
 calculated from the isotope data using the SIBER R package. 
description: The data are presented as .csv files and can be opened with all
 usual analytical software such as MS Excel and R.
DOI: 10.5066/p91gtul3
title: Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) in Glacier National Park, Montana, USA, and Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta, Canada, 2008-2023

description: Dataset includes a) counts of mountain goats for multiple surveys across 37 sites inside Glacier National Park 2008-2019, along with biotic and abiotic conditions used in analysis of trend including snow, precipitation, temperature, landcover and habituation; b) predicted numbers of goats using each survey area; and c) microsatellite genotypes for goat pellet samples collected 2019-2023 across Glacier National Park and Waterton Lakes National Park for assessment of genetic structure and diversity.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9w0vt4bkn
title: Data for: Assessment of cryogenic pretreatment for simulating environmental weathering in the formation of surrogate micro- and nanoplastics from agricultural mulch film

description: Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) from mulch films and other
 plastic materials employed in vegetable and small fruit production pose a
 major threat to agricultural ecosystems. For conducting controlled studies
 on MPs' and NPs' (MNPs') ecotoxicity to soil organisms and
 plants and fate and transport in soil, surrogate MNPs arerequired that
 mimic MNPs that form in agricultural fields. We have developed a procedure
 to prepare MPs from plastic films or pellets using mechanical milling and
 sieving, and conversion of the resultant MPs into NPs through wet
 grinding, both steps of which mimic the degradation and fragmentation of
 plastics in nature. The major goal of this study was to determine if
 cryogenic exposure of two biodegradable mulch films effectively mimics the
 embrittlement caused by environmental weathering in terms of the
 dimensional, thermal, chemical, and biodegradability properties of the
 formed MNPs. We found differences in size, surface charge, thermal and
 chemical properties, and biodegradability in soil between MNPs'
 prepared from cryogenically treated vs. environmentally weathered films,
 related to the photochemical reactions occurring in the environment that
 were not mimicked by cryogenic treatment, such as depolymerization and
 cross-link formation. We also investigated the size reduction process for
 NPs and found that the size distribution was bimodal, with populations
 centered at 50 nm and 150–300 nm, and as the size reduction process
 progressed, the former subpopulation's proportion increased. The
 biodegradability of MPs in soil was greater than for NPs, a
 counter-intuitive trend since greater surface area exposure for NPs would
 increase biodegradability. The result is associated with differences in
 surface and chemical properties and to minor components that are readily
 leached out during the formation of NPs. In summary, the use of weathered
 plastics as feedstock would likely produce MNPs that are more realistic
 than cryogenically-treated unweathered films for use in experimental
 studies.
description: The dataset was collected using scanning electron microscopy,
 dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric analysis, and the ASTM D5988
 standardized test for measuring the biodegradability of plastics under
 ambient soil conditions. JMP software was used to prepare ta model curve
 fit to the size distribution data for nanoplastics. Data have not been
 processed beyond what was provided by the instrumenton, except for the
 size of microplastics, which was determined from electron micrographs
 using ImageJ software.
description: Only Microsoft Excel is required for opening the data files.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.69p8cz95w
title: Data from: Mesopredator release among invasive predators: controlling red foxes can increase feral cat density and alter their behaviour

description: The mesopredator release theory predicts that the density of subordinate
 predators will increase as dominant predators decline. Persistent debate
 around mesopredator release in part reflects the lack of robust,
 replicated experiments to test this theory, and the use of population
 indices which confound changes in mesopredator density and detectability.
 This uncertainty has immediate impacts for conservationists who are faced
 with managing sympatric invasive predators. We used replicated
 experimental designs and spatially-explicit models to examine whether
 mesopredator release of the feral cat Felis catus occurs in response to
 targeted control of the introduced red fox Vulpes vulpes. We surveyed
 three Control-Impact paired landscapes in a region with long-term fox
 control (1080 poison baiting), and conducted a Before-After Control-Impact
 Paired-Series experiment in another region. We used fox occurrence as a
 simple metric of fox populations and estimated feral cat density with
 spatial mark-resight models. Lethal fox control had varying effects on fox
 occurrence, consistent with variation in the duration and intensity of
 poison baiting. Correspondingly, responses in feral cat density ranged
 from negligible to a 3.7-fold higher density in fox-baited landscapes. At
 a fine spatial scale (200 m2), feral cat density was negatively associated
 with fox occurrence probability across both regions. These results were
 consistent with mesopredator release, although uncertainty was high in the
 region where fox control had only recently commenced. Feral cat
 detectability also varied across the (artificially-manipulated) gradients
 of fox occurrence probability. In one region, nonlinear models indicated
 that feral cats had lower detection and increased movement rates when
 foxes were uncommon, giving way to density suppression at high fox
 occurrence probabilities. Synthesis and applications. Our study provides
 replicated, experimental evidence that dominant predator suppression can
 be associated with a higher mesopredator density. Mesopredator release can
 manifest as changes in both behaviour and density, distorting inference if
 these processes are not distinguished. Our results may help explain why
 fox control does not consistently improve native prey persistence,
 suggesting integrated pest management may be necessary to improve
 conservation outcomes.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.j5k6xh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 67395 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Parkinsonia aculeata"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 67395 records from 547 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002839-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.12jm63z2f
title: Data from: RECIFS: A centralized geo-environmental database for coral reef research and conservation

description: Motivation: Host to intricate networks of marine species, coral reefs are
 among the most biologically diverse ecosystems on Earth. Over the past
 decades, major degradations of coral reefs have been observed worldwide,
 which is largely attributed to the effects of climate change and local
 stressors related to human activities. Now more than ever, characterizing
 how the environment shapes the dynamics of the reef ecosystem (e.g.,
 shifts in species abundance, community changes, emergence of locally
 adapted populations) is key to uncovering the environmental drivers of
 reef degradation, and developing efficient conservation strategies in
 response. To achieve these objectives, it is pivotal that environmental
 data describing the processes driving such ecosystem dynamics, which occur
 across specific spatial and temporal scales, are easily accessible to
 coral reef researchers and conservation stakeholders alike. Main types of
 variable contained: Multiple environmental variables characterizing
 various facets of the reef environment, including water chemistry and
 physics (e.g., temperature, pH, chlorophyll concentration), local
 anthropogenic pressures (e.g., boat detection, distance from agricultural
 or urban areas) and patterns of sea currents patterns. Spatial location
 and grain: Worldwide reef cells of 5-by-5 km. Time period and grain: Last
 3-4 decades, monthly and yearly resolution.  Major taxa and level
 of measurement: Environmental data important for coral reefs and
 associated biodiversity.  Software format: Interactive
 web-application available at https://recifs.epfl.ch.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.w6m905qtf
title: Data for: Perennial biomass cropping and use: Shaping the policy ecosystem in European countries

description: Demand for sustainably produced biomass is expected to increase with the
 need to provide renewable commodities, improve resource security, and
 reduce greenhouse gas emissions in line with COP26 commitments. Studies
 have demonstrated additional environmental benefits of using perennial
 biomass crops (PBCs), when produced appropriately, as a feedstock for the
 growing bioeconomy, including utilisation for bioenergy (with or without
 carbon capture and storage). PBCs can potentially contribute to Common
 Agricultural Policy (CAP) (2023–27) objectives provided they are carefully
 integrated into farming systems and landscapes. Despite significant
 R&D investment over decades in herbaceous and coppiced woody PBCs,
 deployment has largely stagnated due to social, economic and policy
 uncertainties. This paper identifies the challenges in creating policies
 that are acceptable to all actors. Development will need to be informed by
 measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) of greenhouse gas emissions
 reductions and other environmental, economic and social metrics. It
 discusses interlinked issues that must be considered in the expansion of
 PBC production: i) available land; ii) yield potential; iii) integration
 into farming systems; iv) research and development (R&D)
 requirements; v) utilisation options; and vi) market systems and the
 socioeconomic environment. It makes policy recommendations that would
 enable greater PBC deployment: 1) incentivise farmers and land managers
 through specific policy measures, including carbon pricing, to allocate
 their less productive and less profitable land for uses which deliver
 demonstrable greenhouse gas reductions; 2) enable GHG mitigation markets
 to develop and offer secure contracts for commercial developers of
 verifiable low carbon bioenergy and bio-products; 3) support innovation in
 biomass utilisation value chains; and 4) continue long-term, strategic
 R&D and education for positive environmental, economic and social
 sustainability impacts.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hmgqnk9mx
title: Data for: Intraspecific variation for host immune activation by the spider mite Tetranychus evansi

description: Many parasites can interfere with their host's defences to maximize
 their fitness. Here, we investigated if there is heritable variation in
 the spider mite Tetranychus evansi for traits associated
 with how they interact with their host plant. We also determined if this
 variation correlates with mite fecundity. Tetranychus
 evansi can interfere with jasmonate (JA) defences which are the
 main determinant of anti-herbivore immunity in plants. We investigated (i)
 variation in fecundity in the presence and absence of JA defences, making
 use of a wild-type tomato cultivar and a JA-deficient mutant
 (defenseless-1), and (ii) variation in the induction of JA defences, in
 four T. evansi field populations and 59 inbred lines
 created from an outbred population originating from controlled crosses of
 the four field populations. We observed a strong positive genetic
 correlation between fecundity in the presence (on wild-type) and the
 absence of JA defences (on defenseless-1). However, fecundity did
 not correlate with the magnitude of induced JA defences in wild-type
 plants. Our results suggest that the performance of the
 specialist T. evansi is not related to their ability to
 manipulate plant defences, either because all lines can adequately reduce
 levels of defences, or because they are resistant to them.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.n8pk0p30r
title: REGAIN trial intervention development process evaluation data

description: Background: Up to half of people hospitalised with COVID-19
 report diverse and persistent symptoms affecting quality of life for
 months and sometimes years after discharge (long-COVID). We describe the
 development of an online group exercise and behavioural support
 intervention for people who continue to experience such physical and/or
 emotional health problems more than three months after hospital
 discharge. Methods: Intervention development was
 informed by the Medical Research Council framework for complex
 interventions. Our multidisciplinary team of academics, clinicians, and
 people with long-COVID, had collective expertise in the development and
 testing of complex interventions. We integrated a bio-psycho-social model
 of care drawing on rehabilitation literature for long-term health
 conditions and experiences from our pre-pilot study. Multiple stakeholder
 meetings were held to refine the intervention which was designed to be
 deliverable within the UK National Health Service. We adhere to TIDieR
 guidance for transparent and explicit reporting of telehealth
 interventions. Results: The final REGAIN online exercise
 and behavioural support intervention consisted of an initial 1:1
 consultation with a trained practitioner, followed by eight online group
 exercise, and six group support, sessions delivered over eight weeks.
 Participants could also access an online library of on-demand exercise and
 support videos.Conclusions: The final REGAIN intervention,
 combining exercise and behavioural support, is fully manualised with clear
 pathways to delivery and implementation. It is currently being tested in a
 randomised controlled trial. The intervention, developed
 with extensive patient and stakeholder engagement, could
 be incorporated into existing NHS rehabilitation programmes, should it
 prove to be clinically and cost-effective for people with long-COVID.
 Trial registration: International Standard Randomised Controlled
 Trial Number (ISRCTN) 11466448: Rehabilitation exercise and psychological
 support after COVID-19 infection: REGAIN.
description: Please see the README document and the accompanying
 article: ‘Development of an online intervention for the Rehabilitation
 Exercise and psycholoGical support After covid-19 InfectioN (REGAIN)
 trial’. Ennis S, Heine P, Sandhu H, Sheehan B, Yeung J, McWilliams D,
 Jones C, Underwood M, Bruce J, Seers K and McGregor G. Pre-print. NIHR
 Open Research. DOI: TBC
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xwdbrv1hx
title: Data from: Mesocosm experiment reveals scale-dependence of movement tendencies in sticklebacks

description: Habitat fragmentation can have negative impacts on migratory organisms
 that rely on the functional connectivity between growing and breeding
 grounds. Quantifying the population-level phenotypic consequences of such
 fragmentation requires fine-scaled tracking of individual behaviour and
 movements across relevant scales. We here make use of a natural experiment
 where some populations of ‘migrant’ three-spined sticklebacks
 (Gasterosteus aculeatus) became ‘residents’, following habitat
 fragmentation five decades ago. To test whether residents have a lower
 movement tendency than migrants, we developed a novel experimental
 platform that allows the automated tracking of individual movements via
 RFID technology in a semi-natural mesocosm where spatio-temporal scales
 and environmental conditions can be manipulated. We found that residents
 moved significantly less than migrants at large but not at small spatial
 scale. This pattern was consistent across time and contexts (water flow
 and group size). Our study substantiates prior literature on rapid
 phenotypic divergence in sticklebacks in response to human-induced
 isolation and highlights the importance of observing behaviour in
 ecologically relevant setups that bridge the gap between lab and field
 studies.
description: The dataset has been collected by the method detailed in the main
 text. We obtained the raw data directly from the RFID (Radio-frequency
 identification) dataloggers and processed it using data wrangling methods
 in R sotware. The raw and final extracted data used for the analysis are
 given, along with the reference dataset containing the unique ID of each
 fish and their morphometric measurements.
description: Datasets can be opened as excel sheets or google
 sheets.  Code can be opened in R.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v41ns1s1h
title: Data for: Connecting hemispheric asymmetries of planetary albedo and surface temperature

description: Satellite measurements show that the Northern and Southern hemispheres
 reflect equal amounts of short-wave radiation (“albedo symmetry”), but no
 theory exists on if, how, and why the symmetry is established and
 maintained. Ambiguously, climate models are strongly biased in albedo
 symmetry but agree in the sign of the response to CO2. We find that
 mean-state biases in albedo symmetry and surface temperature asymmetry
 correlate negatively. Similarly, the response of albedo asymmetry to CO2
 forcing correlates negatively with the magnitude of the asymmetry in
 surface warming. This is true across many and within single climate model
 simulations: a too warm or stronger warming hemisphere is darker or
 darkens more than its counterpart. In the 21 years of observations we find
 the same tendency and hypothesize a) albedo symmetry is a function of the
 current climate state and b) we will observe an evolution towards albedo
 asymmetry in coming decades.
description: The data is processed from standard model output from CMIP5 and
 CMIP6 models. These are freely available: https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/search/cmip5/  https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/search/cmip6/ Definitions of acronyms can be found at: https://www.wcrp-climate.org/wgcm-cmip/wgcm-cmip6 The observed data are also freely availabe (just copied here) and documented: Morice, C. P., and Coauthors, 2021: An Updated Assessment of Near-Surface Temperature Change From 1850: The HadCRUT5 Data Set. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 126 (3), e2019JD032 361, doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD032361. Loeb, N. G., and Coauthors, 2020: New Generation of Climate Models Track Recent Unprecedented Changes in Earth’s Radiation Budget Observed by CERES. Geophysical Research Letters, 47 (5), e2019GL086 705, doi:10.1029/2019GL086705, URL https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/2019GL086705, e2019GL086705 2019GL086705
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.547d7wmcx
title: Data for: Trinity assembled transcriptome of a Eurasian (Myriophyllum spicatum) and a hybrid (M. spicatum × M. sibiricum) genotype of watermilfoil

description: Aquatic plant managers frequently treat Eurasian watermilfoil
 (Myriophyllum spicatum L.; EWM) and hybrid watermilfoil (Myriophyllum
 spicatum L. × Myriophyllum sibiricum Komarov) with
 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide. However, watermilfoil
 genotypes can differ in their response to 2,4-D. In this study, we
 compared facultative and constitutive gene expression differences for two
 watermilfoil genotypes (one Eurasian and one hybrid) that differ in their
 sensitivity to 2,4-D. To do this, we compared between control and 0.5mg
 L-1 2,4-D treated plants at four time points after treatment. We also
 assembled the first de novo watermilfoil transcriptome. We found that
 while qualitatively similar, the facultative transcriptional response of
 the EWM genotype to 2,4-D treatment was much stronger than the hybrid
 genotype, indicated by a greater number and log-fold-change of
 differentially expressed genes at all time points after treatment.
 Further, we found that the EWM and hybrid genotype differed in their
 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) and abscisic acid (ABA) gene
 response, and that there was a greater amount of photosynthesis gene
 downregulation (both in number and log-fold-change) in the EWM than the
 hybrid genotype. At the constitutive level, overall, the hybrid expressed
 genes at a higher level than the EWM genotype, but not the genes of the
 2,4-D response pathway. These differences in gene expression match with
 the degree of phenotypic difference in growth observed between these
 genotypes when exposed to 2,4-D. The hybrid genotype used here mitigates
 the effects of 2,4-D treatment better than the EWM genotype at both the
 molecular and phenotypic level. More study is needed to understand the
 mechanism(s) of mitigation and whether this is a cause of hybridity, or
 the specific genotypic backgrounds used here.
description: See methods used in the linked manuscript.