cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/1fa8d605-b996-4687-ace2-1fa59cd5c6dd
title: Biogeochemical and edaphic data from burned peat soil on the Stalybridge estate (UK), October 2018

description: This dataset contains biogeochemical and edaphic information from burned peat soil on the Stalybridge estate located near Manchester (UK), commonly referred to as Saddleworth moor. This study was conducted after a wildfire fire on the Saddleworth moor in June 2018.

The sample plots included areas with deep and shallow peat burn. The data includes geographical information (location, elevation and slope), soil temperature and soil chemical composition (carbon, nitrogen and 22 other elements).

The dataset is the result of research funded by a NERC Urgency grant entitled 'RECOUP-Moor: Restoring Ecosystem CarbOn Uptake of Post-fire Moorland' (NE/S011943/1, led by Dr. Bjorn Robroek of the University of Southampton (now Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands).
description: We established ten plots in October 2018 at the post-fire site. Each plot was 10 m x 10 m in size. We identified five of these plots as suffering a less severe (shallow) burn. The other 5 plots were in areas where a more severe (deep) burn was identified. In all plots the surface vegetation had been removed by the fire exposing the bare peat. We determined the geographical properties of each plot. This included their geographical location, elevation and slope. We also measured soil temperature at each location at multiple time points over the following 24-months.

On July 23rd 2019 we extracted small peat samples from the surface of each plot. Each sample was 5 cm x 5 cm in diameter and 2 cm in depth. The samples were homogenised and kept at c. 5 deg C until further analysis was completed to determine their chemical composition. In preparation for the chemical analysis of each sample we dried the peat at 70 deg C for 72 hours. This was then crushed forming a fine homogenous powder.

To determine the carbon and nitrogen content of each sample we extracted three sub-samples of the fine peat powder. Each sample was then combusted at 1800 deg C and the percentage of carbon and nitrogen released was quantified. This was performed using a Vario Micro Cube (Elementar). For each plot, the content of each sub-sample was compared to ensure that the observed values were consistent, and the samples were homogenous. An average of the three sub-samples was then taken to provide one value per plot.

To determine the composition of other elements within the samples, we extracted two sub-samples from each plot sample and performed Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass-Spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis on each of the sub-samples. This was used to determine the relative composition of 22 elements. For each plot, an average of the two sub-samples was taken.
DOI: 10.5285/baf51776-c2d0-4e57-9cd3-30cd6336d9cf
title: UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) atmospheric nitrogen chemistry data: 1993-2015

description: Atmospheric Nitrogen Dioxide data from the UK Environmental Change Network (ECN) terrestrial sites. These data (weight of NO2) are collected by diffusion tubes at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. They represent continuous fortnightly records from 1993 to 2015. ECN is the UK's long-term environmental monitoring programme. It is a multi-agency programme sponsored by a consortium of fourteen government departments and agencies. These organisations contribute to the programme through funding either site monitoring and/or network co-ordination activities. These organisations are: Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru - Natural Resources Wales, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Environment Agency, Forestry Commission, Llywodraeth Cymru - Welsh Government, Natural England, Natural Environment Research Council, Northern Ireland Environment Agency, Scottish Environment Protection Agency, Scottish Government and Scottish Natural Heritage.
description: Data are collected by diffusion tubes at all of ECN's terrestrial sites using a standard protocol. Prior to deposit of the data in the EIDC, data are managed by the ECN Data Centre at CEH Lancaster according to defined protocols. 

Verification steps include numeric range checks (i.e. checking if a value falls within a specified range), categorical checks (e.g. checking that a species code appears on the standard code list), formatting (i.e. that the dataset conforms to the specified data format) and logical integrity checks (i.e. checking the data make sense, e.g. that the dates in one dataset match those in a related dataset).

Appropriate range settings for ECN variables have been selected following discussion with specialists in each field. Where data fall outside these ranges, a cautious approach has been adopted towards discarding data on the principle that apparent errors may be valid outliers. Such values are discarded only if there is a clear explanation (e.g. an instrumentation error) and corrections are made where possible. If the reason is unclear, the values are stored, but are qualified using pre-defined quality codes or free-text descriptions. Data providers also use these codes or free text to describe factors affecting sampling outside their control, instrument damage or site management effects.
DOI: 10.5285/d7434d83-c30d-4186-aab0-9764821cd807
title: Ecological, dietary, and socio-economic data from 10 smallholder farming villages in Jumla District, Nepal, 2021-2022

description: This is a transdisciplinary dataset from ten smallholder farming villages in Patarasi Rural Municipality, Jumla District, Nepal collected during 2021 and 2022. The human component of the dataset includes fortnightly 24-hour dietary recall surveys and monthly anthropometry surveys of 721 participants (adult males, adult females, adolescent girls and children under five) from 200 smallholder households collected over a twelve-month period. For each household, there is also data on socioeconomic status, farming practices, cooking practices and beekeeping practices. The ecological component of the dataset includes plant-pollinator interaction data and flowering phenology data from the same ten farming villages as well as the results of a pollinator exclusion field experiment in fifteen replicate sites along an altitudinal gradient in this region. 

Taken together, these datasets enable us to understand more about:
 a) people’s diets, nutritional status and socioeconomic status in rural Nepal;
 b) which crops provide their nutrients and how these crops are grown;
 c) which insects pollinate these crops, and;
 d) how climate change is likely to impact the system.
description: The datasets were collected by a team of 20 full-time field staff as part of the Micro-Poll Project (The Pollination of Nepal’s Micronutrient-rich Crops in a Changing Climate) which was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/T013621/1], National Science Foundation (NSF) and Academy of Finland (AKA); coordinated through the Belmont Forum Climate, Environment and Health Collaborative Research Action, with further funding from Bristol Centre for Agricultural Innovation. 

Data were collected in this field and input on smartphones using a custom-built data collection app in CommCare Version 2.48.3 (http://www.commcarehq.org/home/) and uploaded to a secure private server. Data were subsequently anonymised (where relevant) by a data manager from HERD International, Nepal to remove all person-identifiable information and then cleaned to remove errors. Where relevant, datasets were merged and summarised to aid analysis and interpretation.
DOI: 10.5285/ba190356-1731-4558-be7a-3fedc570663a
title: Fine root nutrient concentration in fertilised plots in the Central Amazon, 2018

description: The data consists of carbon, micro and macro nutrient concentrations in fine roots (<2mm diameter) in old growth forests in Central Amazon. Fine roots younger than three months were sampled using the ingrowth core technique in a large-scale nutrient fertilisation experiment. Carbon and nutrient concentrations refer to year one of fertilisation, bulking samples from November 2017 to August 2018. Concentrations are given as a mean of the community per plot in year 1, where five points inside each plot were sampled in the 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm soil layers. The dataset depicts the concentrations of iron, zinc, manganese, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon in fine roots in two different soil depths.  

Samples were collected at the AFEX project area in Manaus, Brazil at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP/ INPA). 

The study was funded by NERC, BDFFP (logistical support) and Brazilian government (student scholarship).

description: Samples < 2mm diameter were bulked by plot and soil depth (0-10cm and 10-30cm) using root material collected in 4-time intervals, from November 2017 to August 2018. After dried, samples were ground using a knife and/ or ball mill for nutritional analysis. Micronutrients, phosphorus and cations were extracted by nitroperchloric digestion. Cations and micronutrients were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, whilst phosphorus was determined by spectrophotometry. Carbon and nitrogen concentrations were determined using an automatic C and N analyser.
DOI: 10.5285/20837a27-414c-4597-a6d2-3edc1d2e9a98
title: Land cover and sediment geochemistry in the Rio Santa catchment, Cordillera Blanca, Peru, 2019-2020

description: These data encompass land cover data and sediment geochemistry from the Rio Santa catchment of the Peruvian Andes. Sediment samples were collected within the SIGMA: Peru project between 2019-2020. Geochemistry data include major and minor elements in sediment samples determined by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), organic matter determined by loss-on-ignition (LOI), and particle size data, and are provided for both the wider Rio Santa catchment and the Ranrahirca sub-catchment. The research was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council and the Newton Fund (grant NE/S013245/1).
description: A new land cover map for the Rio Santa was generated via supervised classification of Landsat 8 imagery in ArcGIS, trained from field-sampled and geolocated land cover data. Sediment samples were collected in the field between 2019 and 2020 to characterise the range of sediment sources contributing to channel sediments in the Rio Santa catchment and Ranrahirca sub-catchment. Samples were oven dried, sieved to <63 μm, and prepared as required for further analyses. Data were produced on organic content (via loss-on-ignition), particle size (via laser diffraction) and major and minor elements (via Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence). All data were assessed for quality and erroneous values removed.
DOI: 10.5285/5999d471-fe1d-45fa-889d-3156edb785a7
title: Sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) data for the UK 2016-2018

description: These datasets provide Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) values of sulphur and nitrogen atmospheric deposition for 5x5 kilometres (km) grid squares of the UK averaged over the years 2016 to 2018.

The data consist of deposition values for sulphur, oxidised nitrogen and reduced nitrogen, and base cations. Total deposition is the sum of four components calculated separately: wet deposition, dry deposition of gases, dry deposition of particulate matter and cloud droplet deposition.

Habitat-specific data are provided for (i) moorland/short vegetation everywhere, and (ii) forest everywhere. Additionally, the grid square average over multiple land cover types (i.e. arable, grassland, forest, moorland, urban) is also calculated. The habitat-specific data are recommended for use with critical loads for the calculation of critical load exceedances. The work in generating and compiling the dataset has been funded by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH) and various Departments for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) contracts. 
description: The Concentration Based Estimated Deposition (CBED) methodology generates 5x5 km resolution maps of wet and dry deposition of sulphur, oxidised and reduced nitrogen, and base cations from measured concentrations of gases and particulate matter in air and measured concentrations of ions in precipitation. These data are collected at sites in the UK Eutrophying and Acidifying Pollutants (UKEAP) network. The site-based measurements are first interpolated to generate maps of concentrations for the UK. The ion concentrations in precipitation are combined with an annual precipitation map from the UK Meteorological Office to generate values of wet deposition. Gas and particulate matter concentration maps are combined with spatially distributed estimates of habitat-specific deposition velocities to generate dry deposition for 5 land cover categories: forest, moorland, grassland, arable and urban. The deposition to the 5 land cover categories are combined, depending on the relative proportions of different land cover categories in the 5x5 km grid square, to generate values for grid square averaged deposition. Dry deposition includes deposition of gases (Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitric Acid (HNO3), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Ammonia (NH3) and particulate matter (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, calcium and magnesium) to vegetation. For critical load exceedance calculations, deposition values for moorland are applied to all non-woodland habitats, and deposition values for forest are applied to all woodland habitats.

Data processing was done using the R and GenStat programme and results output as text files. These were then exported as comma separated values for ingestion into the Environmental Information Data Centre.
DOI: 10.5285/1cebca07-dd82-4ba2-823b-274868abda42
title: Bacterial community structure and soil process data from a sewage sludge amended upland grassland soil experiment, 2000 [NERC Soil Biodiversity Programme]

description: This set of data comprises temporal temperature gradient electrophoresis (TTGE) and soil process measurements, used to analyse the effects of perturbations (sludge and/or lime application) on the structure, community development and activity of bacteria that catalyse fundamental processes in upland soils. These were collected to address the following questions: Do soil improvement treatments select for particular components of bacterial populations and hence drive community development? If so, at what functional and phylogenetic level is this selection expressed? Can any changes in community structure be related to changes in the function of the community or is biogeochemical function independent of community structure and controlled by other mechanisms?

The work was part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, which was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders. During the experiment, the site was monitored to assess changes in above-ground biomass production (productivity), species composition and relative abundance (diversity).
description: Data were collected as part of the NERC Soil Biodiversity Thematic Programme, which was established in 1999 and was centred upon the intensive study of a large field experiment located at the Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (MLURI) (now the James Hutton Institute) farm at Sourhope in the Scottish Borders (Grid reference: NT 8545 1963). Data were collected by students and staff, following defined protocols, as recounted in supporting information. Data from the programme were managed by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
DOI: 10.5285/4b0871a9-196a-48e1-a0c8-c5f53e17e9a7
title: Modelled mean daily surface ozone for the grassland growing season in the UK and USA in 2018

description: This dataset consists of a vector layer (based on 1 by 1° grid), of modelled surface ozone concentrations (ppb). The values per cell are daily mean surface ozone for the period 6am – 6pm. The seasonal average has been calculated for the grassland growing season, for the period spanning mid-April to mid-July, for the UK and the USA, for 2018.  

description: The surface ozone data are an output of the global EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) chemical transport model (version 4.45). The model uses the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model (4.2.2) to calculate hourly 3D meteorological data for the year 2018. The emissions data used as model inputs were based on the IIASA ECLIPSE v6a (Evaluating the Climate and Air Quality Impacts of Short-Lived Pollutants) GAINS (Greenhouse gas – Air pollution Interactions and Synergies) model for the year 2015.
Output data from the EMEP-WRF model go through a process of quality assurance/control before use in subsequent analyses.
DOI: 10.5285/31da0a94-62be-47b3-b76e-4bdef3037360
title: Bird counts from the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme, Wales 2013-2016

description: The data set consists of bird species counts, recorded in 300 1km squares across Wales, collected as part of the Glastir Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (GMEP).  The monitoring programme was set up by the Welsh Government in 2013 to monitor the effects of the Glastir agri-environment scheme on the environment and ran from 2013 to 2016.

The field survey element was based on a stratified random sampling design of 300 x 1km square sites across Wales, and was managed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology.
description: The surveys consisted of four (reduced to three from 2015-16 onwards) visits to each square by trained, professional surveyors using standardised protocols. Surveys were equally spaced through mid-March to mid-July. On each visit, the surveyor walked a route that passed within 50m of all parts of the survey square to which access had been secured, beginning at around 06:00 and taking up to five hours. Surveys were not conducted in conditions known to affect the detection of birds, i.e. strong winds and more than light rain. The survey route was started in different places on each visit, so that all areas were visited at least once before 08:00. All birds seen or heard were recorded on high-resolution field maps using standard BTO activity codes. Recording and standardizing route coverage (where surveyors actually walked) was important both between visits and to ensure comparable repeat coverage when squares are revisited.

Data were recorded on standard forms and field maps, which were collated in the British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) Wales office in Bangor and sent to the BTO head office for digital inputting, after being copied physically and electronically in Bangor.  Data were then digitized using ArcMap (versions up to v10.5).  The process included checking of uncertain counts, species codes and identifications, for which the digitizer checked the data with the surveyor if necessary, before making a judgement on likely record accuracy. Additional checks were intrinsic to subsequent data processing before being loaded into a final database at UKCEH.

To ensure confidentiality of the data with respect to land owners and managers, the locations of 1km squares and survey sites were converted to the centres of the containing 10km Ordnance Survey grid squares.
DOI: 10.5285/6a8b07f9-552e-408c-8351-595ee6a7fc5f
title: Woody biomass maps of Mabalane, Gurue, and Maruppa, Mozambique

description: The data consist of woody biomass maps of three study areas - Mabalane, Gurue, and Maruppa in Mozambique. Each area map comprises three Geotiff layers stacked in the order band 1= 2007, band 2 = 2010, band 3 = 2014. Each pixel is an aboveground woody biomass in tonnes of carbon per hectare (ha). For the biomass maps -18.00000 means no data. Due to noise, it is possible to have negative biomass estimates. Individual layers can extracted for year specific analyses. 

Data were collected as part of the Abrupt Changes in Ecosystem Services and Wellbeing in Mozambican Woodlands (ACES) project under the ESPA programme
description: Maps are built from three ALOS PALSAR scenes per year for 2007, 2010 and 2014. These are HV backscatter in power units (not dB). Late dry season images were acquired from two tracks. These are calibrated, terrain corrected and despeckeled (using a 3x3 GammaMAP filter) using SNAP version 2.0 and exported at 15 m pixel size. Each scene was then georeferenced to a mosaicked, pansharpened Landsat 8 image acquired from Sept 2014 using ENVI v 4.8. The georefenceing used manually selected reference tie points distributed around the image. Geo reference each scene before mosaicking. Coregistering doesn’t work- in SNAP with reasonable setting it seemed to make no difference. ALOS 2 is better located than ALOS 1. If you use this data you need to acknowledge JAXA and ESA, who supplied the images, as follows: JAXA kindly provided the ALOS PALSAR data through the 4th Research Agreement for the Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (PI No. 1152). ESA also provided ALOS data via Category-1 Proposals 7493 and 18624. ESPA needs to be acknowledged separately.
DOI: 10.5285/02a53248-1bfd-4f1e-8f76-888551635c98
title: Impact of environmental radiation on the health and reproductive status of fish from Chernobyl, Ukraine 2014 to 2015

description: Data comprise health, reproductive status and relative abundance of mature perch and roach collected in September 2014, March 2015, June 2015 and September 2015 from lakes in Belarus and Ukraine. Measurements presented include age, weight, length, presence of external signs of disease and presence of macroscopic tumors. The Fulton condition index (K), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of fish are also presented.

The lakes (selected according to hydrological properties and long-term exposure to a gradient of radiation dose) are situated at distances from 1.5 to 225 km of the Chernobyl NPP. Glubokoye, Yanovsky lakes and Cooling Pond are the high (H) contaminated lakes, Svyatoye Lake is a medium (M) contaminated lake, and Stoyacheye, Dvoriche and Gorova lakes are the low (L) contaminated lakes.
description: Health and reproductive status was assessed in perch and roach of similar weight and length collected in September 2014, March 2015 and September 2015 from lakes in Belarus and Ukraine using gill nets of 20 m length and 21 mm mesh size to ensure capture of homogeneous groups of mature ﬁsh. 

Relative abundance of ﬁsh species in each lake was evaluated by recording the number of ﬁsh caught for each species during an additional sampling session in June 2015. Scales were sampled for age determination. Body weight, total length, and presence of external signs of disease and macroscopic tumors were noted for each ﬁsh. 

The Fulton condition index (K), hepatosomatic index (HSI) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) of fish were determined as K = body weight/ (total length (cm)3) x 100; HSI = (liver weight/body weight) x 100 and GSI = (gonad weight/body weight) x 100, respectively.

Lakes were selected according to hydrological properties and long-term exposure to a gradient of radiation dose. The lakes are situated at distances from 1.5 to 225 km of the Chernobyl NPP. Glubokoye, Yanovsky lakes and Cooling Pond are the high (H) contaminated lakes, Svyatoye Lake is a medium (M) contaminated lake, and Stoyacheye, Dvoriche and Gorova lakes are the low (L) contaminated lakes.