cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5670943
title: Forage yield and quality of marandugrass fertigated with treated sewage wastewater and mineral fertilizer

description: ABSTRACT. The high consumption of water in irrigated agriculture and lack of alternative water sources make reusing sewage water a highly promising option for irrigation. This paper is aimed at evaluating Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu forage quality and yield when fertigated with treated sewage wastewater (TSW) and mineral fertilizer, in the 2013 and 2014 crop years in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil. A homogeneous water depth was applied using a triple-line sprinkling irrigation system under a gradual TSW application, using the following TSW and water ratios: E5 = 1.0; E4 = 0.87; E3 = 0.6; E2 = 0.31, E1 = 0.11, and E0 = 0.0. Annual biomass yield increased with the TSW application, ranging from 31.3 to 47.4 Mg ha-1 in 2013 and from 25.7 to 56.9 Mg ha-1 in 2014, for E1 and E5, respectively. Forage yield had marked seasonality, with the highest values in summer (35.9 to 44.7%) and spring (35.7 to 38.4%) and the lowest ones during the fall-winter seasons (19.6 to 25.7%). Despite the high nitrogen rates (1,132 kg ha-1), maximum forage yield was not achieved, hence further nitrogen increments would still enhance yield. Forage improved quality has counterbalanced the low fall-winter yields in terms of crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5670943.v1
title: Forage yield and quality of marandugrass fertigated with treated sewage wastewater and mineral fertilizer

description: ABSTRACT. The high consumption of water in irrigated agriculture and lack of alternative water sources make reusing sewage water a highly promising option for irrigation. This paper is aimed at evaluating Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu forage quality and yield when fertigated with treated sewage wastewater (TSW) and mineral fertilizer, in the 2013 and 2014 crop years in Jaboticabal, São Paulo State, Brazil. A homogeneous water depth was applied using a triple-line sprinkling irrigation system under a gradual TSW application, using the following TSW and water ratios: E5 = 1.0; E4 = 0.87; E3 = 0.6; E2 = 0.31, E1 = 0.11, and E0 = 0.0. Annual biomass yield increased with the TSW application, ranging from 31.3 to 47.4 Mg ha-1 in 2013 and from 25.7 to 56.9 Mg ha-1 in 2014, for E1 and E5, respectively. Forage yield had marked seasonality, with the highest values in summer (35.9 to 44.7%) and spring (35.7 to 38.4%) and the lowest ones during the fall-winter seasons (19.6 to 25.7%). Despite the high nitrogen rates (1,132 kg ha-1), maximum forage yield was not achieved, hence further nitrogen increments would still enhance yield. Forage improved quality has counterbalanced the low fall-winter yields in terms of crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5670901
title: Germination and development of Amburana cearensis seedlings as influenced by seed weight, light and temperature

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this work was to study the seed germination and seedling growth of A. cearensis (Allemão) A. C. Sm. influenced by seed weight and under different temperature and light conditions. Seeds were individually weighed and divided into three weight classes (light, medium and heavy), and each was subjected to germination tests under two light conditions (presence or absence) and six temperature regimes (20, 25, 30, 35, 40, and 20-30°C). The experiment was established with a completely randomized design in a split-split plot arrangement with four replicates. We determined the first count, final germination percentage and germination speed index. To assess seedling growth, the length and dry mass of the epicotyl and root + hypocotyl axis were also determined. The data were subjected to Tukey’s test (p ≤ 0.05). The optimal conditions for seed germination occurred at a temperature of 30°C, with light and medium seeds showing greater vigour. Temperatures of 35 and 40°C were detrimental to the growth of the species, whereas the best conditions occurred with light and medium seeds at temperatures of 25 and 30°C in the presence of light.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861175
title: Soybean productivity in Rhodic Hapludox compacted by the action of furrow openers

description: ABSTRACT. The heavy traffic of machines in no-tillage systems causes problems as soil compaction and loss of crops productivity. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the productivity of soybeans in reference to furrow openers and the levels of soil compaction in two crops. The experiment was conducted on Rhodic Hapludox by tracing random blocks with subdivided parcels. The soil bulk density levels were laid out in the parcels (1.16, 1.20, 1.22, and 1.26 Mg m-3) and the furrowers in the sub-parcels (double disc and shanks). The resistance to penetration, depth of the furrow, mobilized soil area, final plant stands, height of plants, mean number of beans by pod, 1,000 bean mass, number of pods per plant and productivity of the culture were evaluated. The resistance to penetration increased with the levels of soil compaction regardless of the farming year and up to a depth of 0.20 m. In the first crop, higher productivity with the use of the shank was observed. In the second crop, the use of the shank resulted in an increase in depth of the furrow, mobilized soil, height of the plants and final stand of the plants, but this did not indicate an increase in productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861175.v1
title: Soybean productivity in Rhodic Hapludox compacted by the action of furrow openers

description: ABSTRACT. The heavy traffic of machines in no-tillage systems causes problems as soil compaction and loss of crops productivity. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the productivity of soybeans in reference to furrow openers and the levels of soil compaction in two crops. The experiment was conducted on Rhodic Hapludox by tracing random blocks with subdivided parcels. The soil bulk density levels were laid out in the parcels (1.16, 1.20, 1.22, and 1.26 Mg m-3) and the furrowers in the sub-parcels (double disc and shanks). The resistance to penetration, depth of the furrow, mobilized soil area, final plant stands, height of plants, mean number of beans by pod, 1,000 bean mass, number of pods per plant and productivity of the culture were evaluated. The resistance to penetration increased with the levels of soil compaction regardless of the farming year and up to a depth of 0.20 m. In the first crop, higher productivity with the use of the shank was observed. In the second crop, the use of the shank resulted in an increase in depth of the furrow, mobilized soil, height of the plants and final stand of the plants, but this did not indicate an increase in productivity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861700.v1
title: Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and alters Fusarium and Trichoderma population density

description: ABSTRACT. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) are sustainable options for agricultural diversification, but there have been few studies on the influence of ICLS on soil microorganisms. This work investigated the influence of agropastoral (AP) and agrosilvopastoral (ASP) systems, compared with a non-integrated crop (CO) on the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani and on the density of Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules. In the first assay, soil samples were inoculated with R. solani and evaluated for soybean damping-off. After this, the soil was sterilized and re-inoculated with the pathogen for a new evaluation. Finally, 10% of the soil in the pots were substituted by newly soil samples collected from the same plots in the field to evaluate de suppressiveness transference by soil samples. In the second assay, native Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules were quantified in semi-selective media. Damping-off incidence in ASP was 70% compared to AP and CO. Evaluations with sterilized and transferred soil samples attributed this suppression to biotic factors. Fusarium propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 70% and 60% the amounts in AP and CO soils, respectively. Trichoderma propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 150% compared to AP, but similar to CO. The agrosilvopastoral system in the Brazilian subtropics has the potential to reduce pathogens and enhance beneficial microorganisms in the soil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861700
title: Agrosilvopastoral system enhances suppressiveness to soybean damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani and alters Fusarium and Trichoderma population density

description: ABSTRACT. Integrated crop-livestock systems (ICLS) are sustainable options for agricultural diversification, but there have been few studies on the influence of ICLS on soil microorganisms. This work investigated the influence of agropastoral (AP) and agrosilvopastoral (ASP) systems, compared with a non-integrated crop (CO) on the suppression of Rhizoctonia solani and on the density of Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules. In the first assay, soil samples were inoculated with R. solani and evaluated for soybean damping-off. After this, the soil was sterilized and re-inoculated with the pathogen for a new evaluation. Finally, 10% of the soil in the pots were substituted by newly soil samples collected from the same plots in the field to evaluate de suppressiveness transference by soil samples. In the second assay, native Fusarium and Trichoderma propagules were quantified in semi-selective media. Damping-off incidence in ASP was 70% compared to AP and CO. Evaluations with sterilized and transferred soil samples attributed this suppression to biotic factors. Fusarium propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 70% and 60% the amounts in AP and CO soils, respectively. Trichoderma propagules were retrieved in the ASP soil at 150% compared to AP, but similar to CO. The agrosilvopastoral system in the Brazilian subtropics has the potential to reduce pathogens and enhance beneficial microorganisms in the soil.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012691
title: Ovicidal effect of the essential oils from 18 Brazilian Piper species: controlling Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) at the initial stage of development

description: ABSTRACT. The toxicities of essential oils (EOs) from 18 species of Brazilian Piperaceae were assessed on eggs of the velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis. Oils were extracted using steam distillation, and dilutions were made for bioassays at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0%. All EOs reduced larval hatching. The lowest lethal concentrations were obtained from Piper fuligineum (SP), Piper mollicomum “chemotype 1” (SP), Piper mosenii (PR), Piper aduncum (PA) and Piper marginatum (PA). Ovicidal activity is related to the potential toxicity of several compounds, especially dilapiolle, myristicin, asaricine, spathulenol and piperitone. According to our results, EOs from 16 Brazilian Piper species have potential for use as biorational botanical insecticides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20012691.v1
title: Ovicidal effect of the essential oils from 18 Brazilian Piper species: controlling Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) at the initial stage of development

description: ABSTRACT. The toxicities of essential oils (EOs) from 18 species of Brazilian Piperaceae were assessed on eggs of the velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis. Oils were extracted using steam distillation, and dilutions were made for bioassays at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0%. All EOs reduced larval hatching. The lowest lethal concentrations were obtained from Piper fuligineum (SP), Piper mollicomum “chemotype 1” (SP), Piper mosenii (PR), Piper aduncum (PA) and Piper marginatum (PA). Ovicidal activity is related to the potential toxicity of several compounds, especially dilapiolle, myristicin, asaricine, spathulenol and piperitone. According to our results, EOs from 16 Brazilian Piper species have potential for use as biorational botanical insecticides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7045601
title: Mechanical properties of the rachis from macaw palm bunches

description: ABSTRACT. Numerical implementation methods such as the finite element method can be used in machine design to study the dynamic behavior of the plant. Input parameters for using the finite element method should be set based on the geometrical, physical and mechanical system under study. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of the rachis of macaw palm in the green maturation stage at an age of 180 days and at fruit maturation. The water content was calculated using the oven method of 105 ± 3°C for 24 hours. The modulus of elasticity for the rachis was determined by means of mechanical compression testing. The Poisson's ratios were determined from the results of the longitudinal and transverse deformation of rachis test bodies. The shear tests were performed in two scenarios. In the first one, a blade was used without a tensioner, and in the second scenario, a blade was fixed with a tensioner, characterized by a chamfer at 45°. It was concluded that the modulus of elasticity of macaw palm rachis in the green maturity stage was higher than the values for the mature stage of ripeness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7045601.v1
title: Mechanical properties of the rachis from macaw palm bunches

description: ABSTRACT. Numerical implementation methods such as the finite element method can be used in machine design to study the dynamic behavior of the plant. Input parameters for using the finite element method should be set based on the geometrical, physical and mechanical system under study. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of the rachis of macaw palm in the green maturation stage at an age of 180 days and at fruit maturation. The water content was calculated using the oven method of 105 ± 3°C for 24 hours. The modulus of elasticity for the rachis was determined by means of mechanical compression testing. The Poisson's ratios were determined from the results of the longitudinal and transverse deformation of rachis test bodies. The shear tests were performed in two scenarios. In the first one, a blade was used without a tensioner, and in the second scenario, a blade was fixed with a tensioner, characterized by a chamfer at 45°. It was concluded that the modulus of elasticity of macaw palm rachis in the green maturity stage was higher than the values for the mature stage of ripeness.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6083630
title: Carryover of tembotrione and atrazine affects yield and quality of potato tubers

description: ABSTRACT. Crop rotation improves potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crops; however, in some cases, it can have some negative effects due to the herbicides previously used in crops under rotation. These effects are the decline in the yield and the appearance of physiological disorders, including cracked tubers, which impair the quality and economic value of the potato. Two field experiments were performed with applications of tembotrione and atrazine, alone or in combination. In the Rio Paranaiba (Minas Gerais State) area, in clay soil, the herbicides were applied at post-emergence in corn (Zea mays L.). After corn harvest and soil preparation, the potatoes were planted. In the Serra do Salitre (Minas Gerais State) area, in the medium texture soil, the herbicides were applied and incorporated into the soil, and the potatoes were planted the day after. No injuries were found in the shoots. Decline in the potato yield was found only in the medium texture soil (Serra do Salitre). Atrazine did not affect the quality of potato tubers. In the two areas, tembotrione promoted cracks in “Atlantic” potato tubers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6083630.v1
title: Carryover of tembotrione and atrazine affects yield and quality of potato tubers

description: ABSTRACT. Crop rotation improves potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) crops; however, in some cases, it can have some negative effects due to the herbicides previously used in crops under rotation. These effects are the decline in the yield and the appearance of physiological disorders, including cracked tubers, which impair the quality and economic value of the potato. Two field experiments were performed with applications of tembotrione and atrazine, alone or in combination. In the Rio Paranaiba (Minas Gerais State) area, in clay soil, the herbicides were applied at post-emergence in corn (Zea mays L.). After corn harvest and soil preparation, the potatoes were planted. In the Serra do Salitre (Minas Gerais State) area, in the medium texture soil, the herbicides were applied and incorporated into the soil, and the potatoes were planted the day after. No injuries were found in the shoots. Decline in the potato yield was found only in the medium texture soil (Serra do Salitre). Atrazine did not affect the quality of potato tubers. In the two areas, tembotrione promoted cracks in “Atlantic” potato tubers.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6083699
title: Periods of weed interference in chickpea grown under different doses of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing

description: ABSTRACT. Weed interference can reduce chickpea growth and, therefore, productivity depending on the period of coexistence and the nutritional status of the crop, among other factors. A study was performed over two crop years to estimate the critical period of weed interference (CPWI) during chickpea production under three doses of nitrogen (N) fertilizer topdressing (0, 50, and 75 kg N ha-1). The experiments were conducted at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56, 63, and 140 days after emergence (DAE) of chickpea/weed coexistence under two conditions: initially weed-free and initially weed-infested. The presence of weeds negatively affected chickpea production and reduced yields by 70% on average regardless of N rate, rendering the crop economically unfeasible. The CPWI ranged from 5 to 76 DAE and was not affected by N topdressing up to 75 kg N ha-1 in both crop years, assuming an acceptable production loss of 5%. Although the CPWI without fertilization (0 kg N ha-1) was similar to that when fertilized with 50 and 75 kg N ha-1, the two topdressing doses increased chickpea productivity by 37% and 51%, on average, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6083699.v1
title: Periods of weed interference in chickpea grown under different doses of nitrogen fertilizer topdressing

description: ABSTRACT. Weed interference can reduce chickpea growth and, therefore, productivity depending on the period of coexistence and the nutritional status of the crop, among other factors. A study was performed over two crop years to estimate the critical period of weed interference (CPWI) during chickpea production under three doses of nitrogen (N) fertilizer topdressing (0, 50, and 75 kg N ha-1). The experiments were conducted at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56, 63, and 140 days after emergence (DAE) of chickpea/weed coexistence under two conditions: initially weed-free and initially weed-infested. The presence of weeds negatively affected chickpea production and reduced yields by 70% on average regardless of N rate, rendering the crop economically unfeasible. The CPWI ranged from 5 to 76 DAE and was not affected by N topdressing up to 75 kg N ha-1 in both crop years, assuming an acceptable production loss of 5%. Although the CPWI without fertilization (0 kg N ha-1) was similar to that when fertilized with 50 and 75 kg N ha-1, the two topdressing doses increased chickpea productivity by 37% and 51%, on average, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832487.v1
title: Effect of anonaceous extracts on Aphis gossypii (Glover, 1887) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and selectivity to Eriopis connexa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

description: ABSTRACT. The effects of ethanolic and hexanic extracts of soursop and sugar apple (EES, EHS, EESA and EHSA, respectively) on Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its natural enemy Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) by contact exposure, residual effect and ingestion tests were evaluated. The estimated LC50 and LC99 values for A. gossypii were 0.39% and 5.47% for (EESA); 0.23% and 1.19% for (EES); 0.47% and 4.39% for (EHSA); and 0.42% and 6.38% for (EHS), respectively. Considering contact exposure, EES at 0.23% was innocuous, and EHS at 0.42% was slightly harmful; for adult ladybugs, only EESA (5.47%) was classified as slightly harmful, with the other treatments classified as harmless. The results were similar for the residual effect. For selectivity in ingestion tests, EES and EHS at the LC50 did not affect the survival rate of the predator, but EESA (0.39% and 5.47% for the LC50 and LC99, respectively) reduced the survival rate to zero in less than 7 days, resembling chemical treatment with Decis®. Extracts applied to the eggs of an alternative prey reduced the consumption of eggs and therefore the predatory capacity of the ladybug, which led to a decrease in oviposition, egg viability and ultimately a reduction in predator fecundity. EES at a concentration of 0.23% was effective in the control of A. gossypii and was selective and did not affect the survival rate of the its natural enemy E. connexa.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6832487
title: Effect of anonaceous extracts on Aphis gossypii (Glover, 1887) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and selectivity to Eriopis connexa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

description: ABSTRACT. The effects of ethanolic and hexanic extracts of soursop and sugar apple (EES, EHS, EESA and EHSA, respectively) on Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its natural enemy Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) by contact exposure, residual effect and ingestion tests were evaluated. The estimated LC50 and LC99 values for A. gossypii were 0.39% and 5.47% for (EESA); 0.23% and 1.19% for (EES); 0.47% and 4.39% for (EHSA); and 0.42% and 6.38% for (EHS), respectively. Considering contact exposure, EES at 0.23% was innocuous, and EHS at 0.42% was slightly harmful; for adult ladybugs, only EESA (5.47%) was classified as slightly harmful, with the other treatments classified as harmless. The results were similar for the residual effect. For selectivity in ingestion tests, EES and EHS at the LC50 did not affect the survival rate of the predator, but EESA (0.39% and 5.47% for the LC50 and LC99, respectively) reduced the survival rate to zero in less than 7 days, resembling chemical treatment with Decis®. Extracts applied to the eggs of an alternative prey reduced the consumption of eggs and therefore the predatory capacity of the ladybug, which led to a decrease in oviposition, egg viability and ultimately a reduction in predator fecundity. EES at a concentration of 0.23% was effective in the control of A. gossypii and was selective and did not affect the survival rate of the its natural enemy E. connexa.