cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.djh9w0w08
title: Differential effects of nematode infection on pollinating and non-pollinating fig wasps: can shared antagonism provide net benefits to a mutualism?

description: 1. Species pairs that form mutualistic associations are also components of
 broader organismal community networks. These network-level associations
 have shaped the evolution of individual mutualisms through interspecific
 interactions ranging from secondarily mutualistic to intensely
 antagonistic. Our understanding of this complex context remains limited
 because characterizing the impacts of species interacting with focal
 mutualists is often difficult. How is the fitness of mutualists impacted
 by the co-occurring interactive network of community associates? 2. We
 investigate this context using a model network comprised of a fig and fig
 wasp mutualist, eight non-pollinating fig wasp (NPFW)
 antagonists/commensals, and a nematode previously believed to be
 associated only with the pollinator wasp mutualist. 3. Through repeated
 sampling and field observations we characterize the ecological roles of
 these mutualist-associated organisms to identify key antagonists. We then
 we investigated how potential nematode infection of NPFWs could impact
 wasp survival across key life stages and, in turn, inferred how this
 influences the fitness of the fig-pollinator mutualists. 4. Unexpectedly,
 we found all F. petiolaris associated NPFWs to be targets for nematode
 infection, with infection-levels sometimes exceeding that of pollinators.
 Experimental data collected for the most abundant NPFW species suggests
 that nematode infection significantly reduces their longevity. Further,
 comparisons of nematode loads for emerging and successfully arriving NPFWs
 suggest that infection severely limits their dispersal ability. 5. Through
 these observations we conclude that this infection could impact NPFWs more
 severely than either mutualistic partner, suggesting a novel role of
 density-dependent facultative mutualism between figs, pollinator wasps,
 and the nematode. This antagonist-mediated suppression of other network
 antagonists may present an ecologically common mechanism through which
 antagonists can present net benefits for mutualism fitness. 
description: Usage notes included in README with files
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qnk98sfgc
title: A new algorithm for reconstructing tree height growth with stem analysis data

description: I offer here both dataset and computing code related to a stem analysis
 algorithm to reconstruct height growth of trees. First,
 the dataset has time series records of tree height for Nothofagus
 alpina ("rauli"), N. dombeyi ("coigue"), N.
 obliqua ("roble"), and Pseudotsuga
 menziesii ("Douglas-fir"). The data come from
 stem analysis sample trees in both southern Chile and the Inland
 Northwest, USA.  These trees are part of the ones used
 in an article about a new algorithm for reconstructing tree height growth.
 The article is published in Methods in Ecology and Evolution
 (https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210x.13616). Second, I provide an R code
 implementing the proposed algorithm for a given dataset as example.
description: See methods and accompanying paper in the following article for
 more details. Salas-Eljatib C. 2021. A new
 algorithm for reconstructing tree height growth with stem analysis data.
 <strong>Methods in Ecology and Evolution</strong> 12:
 2008-2016.
description: The datafile "dataHgSpp.dat" has the following
 columns:  1.
 tree.code: tree code 2. tree.id: tree correlative number
 within the species 3. spp: species common
 name 4. age : age,
 in yrs. 5. height:
 total height, in m. The R code
 "stemAnaAlgo.R" can be run without the need to install any
 further package. Therefore, It is pretty straightforward. See methods and accompanying paper
 in Methods in Ecology and Evolution for more details. If you want to read this datafile
 in R, simply type the following syntax at the console: df &lt;-
 read.table(file="dataHgSpp.dat", header = T, skip=22)<br>
 head(df)<br> str(df) For any questions, or if you
 want to collaborate, please refer to: <b>Christian
 Salas-Eljatib</b> Email: cseljatib AT gmail DOT
 com Web:
 www.eljatib.com
DOI: 10.7291/d16x15
title: Southern Cascadia earthquake catalog 2014-July to 2015-October

description: Fault coupling is vital in determining the amount of strain that is
 accumulated along faults. The magnitude and location of stored elastic
 strain energy in highly coupled regions has important implications for
 understanding the full range of slip behavior at plate boundary faults, as
 well as earthquake and tsunami hazards. We use the temporary dense
 amphibious array of seismometers offered by the Cascadia Initiative to
 create a high-resolution catalog of events to examine the spatio-temporal
 behavior of earthquakes near the plate interface. The data show that the
 plate interface updip of the geodetically locked region is nearly devoid
 of seismicity, therefore likely highly coupled and accumulating strain.
 The catalog reveals events that are clustered at the downdip edge of the
 highly coupled megathrust that correlate in time with nearby strain
 transient observations. Template matching of events in the cluster using
 permanent stations of the Northern California Seismic Network over a
 10-year period between 2010-2020 indicates that this cluster is unique in
 space and time. Its activity only during the strain transient provides
 support for the utility of seismic observations in the identification of
 strain transients.
description: Please see paper describing methods
description: Please refer to either paper supplement for description of
 columns or to the standard output from the GrowCluster user
 manual.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.0cfxpnw24
title: Niche partitioning shaped herbivore macroevolution through the early Mesozoic dataset

description: The Triassic (252–201 Ma) marks a major punctuation in Earth history, when
 ecosystems rebuilt themselves following the devastating Permian-Triassic
 mass extinction. Herbivory evolved independently several times as
 ecosystems comprising diverse assemblages of therapsids, parareptiles and
 archosauromorphs rose and fell, leading to a world dominated by dinosaurs.
 It was assumed that dinosaurs prevailed either through long-term
 competitive replacement of the incumbent clades or rapidly and
 opportunistically following one or more extinction events. Here we use
 functional morphology and ecology to explore herbivore morphospace through
 the Triassic and Early Jurassic. We identify five main herbivore guilds
 (ingestion generalists, prehension specialists, durophagous specialists,
 shearing pulpers, and heavy oral processors), and find that herbivore
 clades generally avoided competition by almost exclusively occupying
 different guilds. Major ecosystem remodelling was triggered multiple times
 by external environmental challenges, and previously dominant herbivores
 were marginalised by newly emerging forms. Dinosaur dominance was a mix of
 opportunity following disaster, combined with competitive advantage in
 their new world.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qv9s4mwdn
title: Feather iridescence of Coeligena hummingbird species varies due to differently organized barbs and barbules

description: Hummingbirds are perhaps the most exquisite bird species because of their
 prominent iridescence, created by stacks of melanosomes in the feather
 barbules. The feather colours crucially depend on the nanoscopic
 dimensions of the melanosome, and the displayed iridescence can distinctly
 vary, dependent on the spatial organization of the barbs and barbules. We
 have taken the genus Coeligena as a model group, with
 species having feathers that strongly vary in their spatial reflection
 properties. We studied the feather morphology and the optical
 characteristics. We found that the coloration
 of Coeligena hummingbirds depends on both the
 Venetian-blind-like arrangement of the barbules and the V-shaped, angular
 arrangement of the barbules at opposite sides of the barbs. Both the
 nanoscopic and microscopic organization of the hummingbird feather
 components determine the bird’s macroscopical appearance.
description: This angle was measured on single barbs mounted at a
 rotatable stage attached to the MSP. The barb was rotated in steps of
 5° around the position where the reflectance of the barbule was maximal.
 The barbule’s rotation angle followed from the position where the barbule
 reflectance was maximal with respect to the zero position, the plane
 containing the row of barbules.
DOI: 10.25338/b80629
title: Perspective piece: Comparison of eastern and western North American monarch butterflies

description: Monarch butterflies are a species of conservation priority due to
 declining overwintering populations in both eastern and western North
 America. Declines in western overwintering monarchs—more than 99.9% since
 monitoring began—are especially acute. However, the degree to which
 western monarchs are a distinct biological entity is uncertain. In this
 review, we focus on phenotypic and genetic differentiation between eastern
 and western monarchs, with the goal of informing researchers and
 policy-makers who are interested in monarch conservation. Eastern and
 western monarchs occupy distinct environments and show some evidence for
 phenotypic differentiation, particularly for migration-associated traits,
 though population genetic and genomic studies suggest that they are
 indistinguishable from one another. We suggest future studies that could
 improve our understanding of differences between eastern and western
 monarchs. We also discuss the concept of adaptive capacity in eastern and
 western monarchs as well as non-migratory populations outside of the
 monarch’s primary North American range. Finally, we discuss the prospect
 of completely losing migratory monarchs from western North America and
 what this entails for monarch conservation.  
description: <strong>All data analyzed in this manuscript come from
 publically available data sources.</strong>
   <strong>Climate data consist of the
 following data types:</strong> 30-year climate
 normals (PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University)
 Bioclimatic variables (Worldclim 1) Canadian
 historical climate data (https://climate.weather.gc.ca)
   <strong>Monarch butterfly occurrence
 records come from:</strong> All records: GBIF
 (dataset ID: doi.org/10.15468/dl.jx7wck) Larvae, pupae,
 egg records: iNaturalist (imported via the iNatTools package in R using
 the following URL and search terms:
 https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?taxon_id=48662&term_id=1&term_value_id=4,6,7)   <strong>Population numbers come from:</strong> Eastern North America: WWF Mexico Western North America: Xerces Society Thanksgiving Day Counts
description: Scripts used for analysis can be found at the following
 URL: https://github.com/micahfreedman/manuscripts/tree/master/Freedman_et_al_monarch_perspective_piece
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5qfttdz4p
title: Data from: A Miopetaurista (Sciuridae, Rodentia) cranium from the middle Miocene of Bavaria (Germany) and brain evolution in flying squirrels

description: Flying squirrels (Sciurinae, Pteromyini) are the most successful group of
 gliding mammals. However, their fossil record mostly consists of isolated
 dental remains which provide very limited insights into their paleobiology
 and evolution. Only recently, the first skeleton of a fossil flying
 squirrel, belonging to the species Miopetaurista neogrivensis, has been
 described. It presents all the diagnostic gliding-related postcranial
 features of its extant relatives and shows that this group has undergone
 very little morphological change for almost 12 million years. However, the
 associated cranium is badly crushed, so particular details of the cranial
 morphology cannot be described. Here we describe a well-preserved cranium
 of the closely-related Miopetaurista crusafonti from 12.5–12.0 Ma from
 Bavaria (Germany). Its cranial morphology is found to be almost identical
 to extant large flying squirrels, even in details such as the position of
 the foramina. The virtual endocast also shows close affinities to living
 large flying squirrels in morphology and in the relative volume of
 different brain regions, showing diagnostic features such as the size
 reduction of petrosal lobules and olfactory bulbs. However, the
 encephalization quotient (EQ) and neocortical ratio are lower than
 observed in extant flying squirrels. EQ is known to increase through time
 in squirrels, but might also be related to locomotion, as arboreal and
 gliding squirrels display higher EQs than terrestrial ones. Because
 Miopetaurista was certainly a glider, its comparatively lower EQ and
 neocortical size support the existence of an independent trend of
 increasing EQ and neocortical complexity in this flying squirrel subclade.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.95x69p8k7
title: Blue consequences of the green bioeconomy: clear-cutting intensifies the harmful impacts of land drainage on stream invertebrate biodiversity

description: 1. Growing bioeconomy is increasing the pressure to clear-cut drained
 peatland forests. Yet, the cumulative effects of peatland drainage and
 clear-cutting on the biodiversity of recipient freshwater ecosystems are
 largely unknown. 2. We studied the isolated and combined effects of
 peatland drainage and clear-cutting on stream macroinvertebrate
 communities. We further explored whether the impact of these
 forestry-driven catchment alterations to benthic invertebrates is related
 to stream size. We quantified the impact on invertebrate biodiversity by
 comparing communities in forestry-impacted streams to expected communities
 modelled with a multi-taxon niche model. 3. The impact of clear-cutting of
 drained peatland forests exceeded the sum of the independent effects of
 drainage and clear-cutting, indicating a synergistic interaction between
 the two disturbances in small streams. Peatland drainage reduced benthic
 biodiversity in both small and large streams, whereas clear-cutting did
 the same only in small streams. Small headwater streams were more
 sensitive to forestry impacts than the larger downstream sites. 4. We
 found 11 taxa (out of 25 modelled) to respond to forestry disturbances.
 These taxa were mainly different from those previously reported as
 sensitive to forestry-driven alterations, indicating the
 context-dependence of taxonomic responses to forestry. In contrast, most
 of the functional traits previously identified as responsive to
 agricultural sedimentation also responded to forestry pressures. In
 particular, taxa that live temporarily in hyporheic habitats, move by
 crawling, disperse actively in water, live longer than one year, use eggs
 as resistance form, and obtain their food by scraping became less abundant
 than expected, particularly in streams impacted by both drainage and
 clear-cutting. 5. Synthesis and applications. Drained peatland forests in
 boreal areas are reaching maturity and will soon be harvested.
 Clear-cutting of these forests incurs multiple environmental hazards but
 previous studies have focused on terrestrial ecosystems. Our results show
 that the combined impacts of peatland drainage and clear-cutting may
 extend across ecosystem boundaries and cause significant biodiversity loss
 in recipient freshwater ecosystems. This information supports a paradigm
 shift in boreal forest management whereby continuous-cover forestry based
 on partial harvest may provide the most sustainable approach to peatland
 forestry.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ncjsxksv0
title: HARVEST : Harvest behaviour in common pool resource systems

description: We conducted continuous-time Common Pool Resource (CPR) experiments where
 resource users were allowed to (1) harvest from a dynamically varying
 resource (mimicking a fishery) and (2) change their extraction behavior in
 real-time under different treatments namely, communication and no
 communication. The experiments were conducted at the Leibniz
 Centre for Tropical Marine Research in Bremen, Germany in August 2015 and
 February 2016 with a total of 70 participants. This data is the resource
 levels and efforts (extraction levels) of the participants for the
 different treatments.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rfj6q579k
title: Detecting purging of inbreeding depression by a slow rate of inbreeding for various traits: the impact of environmental and experimental conditions

description: Inbreeding depression (ID) has since long been recognized as a significant
 factor in evolutionary biology. It is mainly the consequence of
 (partially) recessive deleterious mutations maintained by
 mutation-selection balance in large random mating populations. When
 population size is reduced, recessive alleles are increasingly found in
 homozygous condition due to drift and inbreeding and become more prone to
 selection. Particularly at slow rates of drift and inbreeding, selection
 will be more effective in purging such alleles, thereby reducing the
 amount of ID. Here we test assumptions of the efficiency of purging in
 relation to the inbreeding rate and the experimental conditions for four
 traits in D. melanogaster. We investigated the magnitude of ID for lines
 that were inbred to a similar level, F ≈ 0.50, reached either by three
 generations of full-sib mating (fast inbreeding), or by 12 consecutive
 generations with a small population size (slow inbreeding). T his was done
 on two different food media. We observed significant ID for egg-to-adult
 viability and heat shock mortality, but only for egg-to-adult viability a
 significant part of the expressed inbreeding depression was effectively
 purged under slow inbreeding. For other traits like developmental time and
 starvation resistance, however, adaptation to the experimental and
 environmental conditions during inbreeding might affect the likelihood of
 purging to occur or being detected. We discuss factors that can affect the
 efficiency of purging and why empirical evidence for purging may be
 ambiguous
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v15dv41w0
title: Dispersal syndromes are poorly associated with climatic niche differences in the Azorean seed plants

description: Aim: Environmental niche tracking is linked to the species ability to
 disperse. While well investigated on large spatial scales, dispersal
 constraints also influence small-scale processes and may explain the
 difference between the potential and the realized niche of species at
 small-scales. Here we test whether niche size and niche fill differ
 systematically according to dispersal syndrome within isolated oceanic
 islands. We expect species with higher dispersal abilities (anemochorous
 or endozoochorous) will have a higher niche fill, despite of their
 environmental niche size. Location: Azores archipelago Taxon: Native seed
 plants Methods: We combined a georeferenced database of the species
 distribution within the archipelago (Azorean Biodiversity Portal/GBIF)
 with an expert-based dispersal syndrome categorization and a
 high-resolution climatic grid (CIELO model). Using four climatic variables
 (Annual Mean Temperature, Mean Diurnal Range, Annual Precipitation,
 Precipitation Seasonality), we calculated a 4-dimensional hypervolume to
 estimate the niche size of each species. Niche fill was quantified as the
 suitable climatic space of the island that was occupied by the focal
 species. Results: Endozoochorous species display higher niche fill
 compared to epizoochorous and hydrochorous species, and larger niches than
 anemochorous and epizoochorous. Differences among the remaining groups are
 not significant neither for niche fill nor for niche size. Main
 Conclusions: Although endozoochorous species track their niche more
 efficiently at small-scales than other dispersal syndromes, the
 differences between dispersal syndromes are not consistent. The ability of
 a species to track its niche at small-scales is not tightly related to its
 dispersal syndrome. Although intuitively appealing, dispersal syndrome
 classifications might not be the most appropriate tools for understanding
 dispersal processes at small-scales.
description: Data collection and processing are described in detail in the
 article. R scripts are available at https://github.com/neckera/niche-Azores.
description: CONTENTS: BD_Azores_dryad.csv        
 &lt;---  Species occurrences dataset
 table_climate_dryad.csv    &lt;---  Environmental values of
 the species occurrences at their respective coordinates
 Leo_Dispersal syndromes and climatic niche differences in the
 Azorean seed plants_README.txt    &lt;---  README describing the
 dataset
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5tb2rbp3r
title: High plasticity in marmoset monkey vocal development from infancy to adulthood

description: The vocal behavior of human infants undergoes dramatic changes across
 their first year, while becoming increasingly speech-like. Surprisingly,
 vocal development in nonhuman primates has been assumed to be largely
 predetermined and completed within the first postnatal months.
 Contradicting this assumption, we found a dichotomy between the
 development of call features and vocal sequences in marmoset monkeys
 suggestive of a role for experience. While changes in call features were
 related to physical maturation, sequences of and transitions between calls
 remained flexible until adulthood. As in humans, marmoset vocal behavior
 developed in stages correlated with motor and social development stages.
 These findings are evidence for a prolonged phase of plasticity during
 marmoset vocal development, a crucial primate evolutionary preadaptation
 for the emergence of vocal learning and speech.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79cnp5hvf
title: Single-electron spin resonance in a nanoelectronic device using a global field

description: Spin-based silicon quantum electronic circuits offer a scalable platform
 for quantum computation, combining the manufacturability of semiconductor
 devices with the long coherence times afforded by spins in silicon.
 Advancing from current few-qubit devices to silicon quantum processors
 with upwards of a million qubits, as required for fault-tolerant
 operation, presents several unique challenges, one of the most demanding
 being the ability to deliver microwave signals for large-scale qubit
 control. Here we demonstrate a potential solution to this problem by using
 a three-dimensional dielectric resonator to broadcast a global microwave
 signal across a quantum nanoelectronic circuit. Critically, this technique
 utilizes only a single microwave source and is capable of delivering
 control signals to millions of qubits simultaneously. We show that the
 global field can be used to perform spin resonance of single electrons
 confined in a silicon double quantum dot device, establishing the
 feasibility of this approach for scalable spin qubit control.