cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25345309.v1
title: Tenecteplase versus alteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

description: Tenecteplase, a modified variant of alteplase with greater fibrin specificity and longer plasma half-life, may have better efficacy and safety than alteplase in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to compare the benefits and risks of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the treatment of AIS. Electronic databases were searched up to 10 February 2023 for randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of tenecteplase versus alteplase in the treatment of AIS. The primary outcome was functional outcome at 90 days, and secondary outcomes including the symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (SICH), and major neurological improvement. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the different dosage of tenecteplase. Ten studies with a total of 5123 patients were analysed in this meta-analysis. Overall, no significant difference between tenecteplase and alteplase was observed for functional outcome at 90 days (excellent: OR 1.08, 95%CI 0.93–1.26, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 26%; good: OR 1.04, 95%CI 0.83–1.30, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 56%; poor: OR 0.95, 95%CI 0.75–1.21, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 31%), SICH (OR 1.12, 95%CI 0.79–1.59, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 0%), and early major neurological improvement (OR 1.26, 95%CI 0.80–1.96, <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 65%). The subgroup analysis suggested that the 0.25 mg/kg dose of tenecteplase had potentially greater efficacy and lower symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage risk compared with 0.25 mg/kg dose tenecteplase. Among AIS patients, there was no significant difference on clinical outcomes between tenecteplase and alteplase. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that 0.25 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase were more beneficial than 0.4 mg/kg doses of tenecteplase. Further studies are required to identify the optimal dosage of tenecteplase. Randomized controlled trials exploring comparative efficacy and safety of tenecteplase and alteplase have been yielding inconsistent results on various outcomes and merit the conduction of a meta-analysis to adequately answer these questions. Analysis of evidence from randomized studies suggests that tenecteplase is as safe as alteplase for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke and tenecteplase is potentially associated with more favourable outcomes. Tenecteplase at 0.25 mg/kg dose is more efficacious and at least as safe as alteplase for stroke thrombolysis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25201473
title: Development and validation of HBV surveillance models using big data and machine learning

description: The construction of a robust healthcare information system is fundamental to enhancing countries’ capabilities in the surveillance and control of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Making use of China’s rapidly expanding primary healthcare system, this innovative approach using big data and machine learning (ML) could help towards the World Health Organization’s (WHO) HBV infection elimination goals of reaching 90% diagnosis and treatment rates by 2030. We aimed to develop and validate HBV detection models using routine clinical data to improve the detection of HBV and support the development of effective interventions to mitigate the impact of this disease in China. Relevant data records extracted from the Family Medicine Clinic of the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital’s Hospital Information System were structuralized using state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing techniques. Several ML models have been used to develop HBV risk assessment models. The performance of the ML model was then interpreted using the Shapley value (SHAP) and validated using cohort data randomly divided at a ratio of 2:1 using a five-fold cross-validation framework. The patterns of physical complaints of patients with and without HBV infection were identified by processing 158,988 clinic attendance records. After removing cases without any clinical parameters from the derivation sample (<i>n</i> = 105,992), 27,392 cases were analysed using six modelling methods. A simplified model for HBV using patients’ physical complaints and parameters was developed with good discrimination (AUC = 0.78) and calibration (goodness of fit test p-value &gt;0.05). Suspected case detection models of HBV, showing potential for clinical deployment, have been developed to improve HBV surveillance in primary care setting in China. (Word count: 264) This study has developed a suspected case detection model for HBV, which can facilitate early identification and treatment of HBV in the primary care setting in China, contributing towards the achievement of WHO’s elimination goals of HBV infections.We utilized the state-of-art natural language processing techniques to structure the data records, leading to the development of a robust healthcare information system which enhances the surveillance and control of HBV in China. This study has developed a suspected case detection model for HBV, which can facilitate early identification and treatment of HBV in the primary care setting in China, contributing towards the achievement of WHO’s elimination goals of HBV infections. We utilized the state-of-art natural language processing techniques to structure the data records, leading to the development of a robust healthcare information system which enhances the surveillance and control of HBV in China.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.25201473.v1
title: Development and validation of HBV surveillance models using big data and machine learning

description: The construction of a robust healthcare information system is fundamental to enhancing countries’ capabilities in the surveillance and control of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Making use of China’s rapidly expanding primary healthcare system, this innovative approach using big data and machine learning (ML) could help towards the World Health Organization’s (WHO) HBV infection elimination goals of reaching 90% diagnosis and treatment rates by 2030. We aimed to develop and validate HBV detection models using routine clinical data to improve the detection of HBV and support the development of effective interventions to mitigate the impact of this disease in China. Relevant data records extracted from the Family Medicine Clinic of the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital’s Hospital Information System were structuralized using state-of-the-art Natural Language Processing techniques. Several ML models have been used to develop HBV risk assessment models. The performance of the ML model was then interpreted using the Shapley value (SHAP) and validated using cohort data randomly divided at a ratio of 2:1 using a five-fold cross-validation framework. The patterns of physical complaints of patients with and without HBV infection were identified by processing 158,988 clinic attendance records. After removing cases without any clinical parameters from the derivation sample (<i>n</i> = 105,992), 27,392 cases were analysed using six modelling methods. A simplified model for HBV using patients’ physical complaints and parameters was developed with good discrimination (AUC = 0.78) and calibration (goodness of fit test p-value &gt;0.05). Suspected case detection models of HBV, showing potential for clinical deployment, have been developed to improve HBV surveillance in primary care setting in China. (Word count: 264) This study has developed a suspected case detection model for HBV, which can facilitate early identification and treatment of HBV in the primary care setting in China, contributing towards the achievement of WHO’s elimination goals of HBV infections.We utilized the state-of-art natural language processing techniques to structure the data records, leading to the development of a robust healthcare information system which enhances the surveillance and control of HBV in China. This study has developed a suspected case detection model for HBV, which can facilitate early identification and treatment of HBV in the primary care setting in China, contributing towards the achievement of WHO’s elimination goals of HBV infections. We utilized the state-of-art natural language processing techniques to structure the data records, leading to the development of a robust healthcare information system which enhances the surveillance and control of HBV in China.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26537792
title: Association of muscle mass, grip strength and fat-to-muscle ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in a middle-to-elderly aged population

description: The association of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), grip strength and fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are not well known. This study included participants older than 40 years who underwent bioelectrical impedance assessment in Prevalence of Metabolic Diseases and Risk Factors in Shunde (SPEED-Shunde). We measured grip strength with an electronic grip strength metre. ASM and grip strength were adjusted by dividing body mass index (BMI). FMR was calculated as total fat mass to total muscle mass. Liver steatosis and liver fibrosis were evaluated by vibration-controlled transient elastography. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between ASM, grip strength, FMR, and MASLD or MASLD-associated liver fibrosis. We performed subgroup analyses according to sex, age and BMI. Interaction tests and linear trend tests were also conducted. This study included a total of 3277 participants. FMR was positively associated with MASLD (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.66–2.15) and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.22–2.37). While ASM/BMI (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.52–0.67) or grip strength/BMI (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.66–0.78) were negatively associated with MASLD. Interactions were observed between ASM/BMI and age, grip strength and sex in MASLD, as well as FMR and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis. In a middle-to-elderly aged population, FMR was positively associated with the risk of MASLD and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis, and muscle mass and grip strength were negatively associated with MASLD, rather than MASLD-associated liver fibrosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26537792.v1
title: Association of muscle mass, grip strength and fat-to-muscle ratio and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in a middle-to-elderly aged population

description: The association of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), grip strength and fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and the progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are not well known. This study included participants older than 40 years who underwent bioelectrical impedance assessment in Prevalence of Metabolic Diseases and Risk Factors in Shunde (SPEED-Shunde). We measured grip strength with an electronic grip strength metre. ASM and grip strength were adjusted by dividing body mass index (BMI). FMR was calculated as total fat mass to total muscle mass. Liver steatosis and liver fibrosis were evaluated by vibration-controlled transient elastography. Multifactorial logistic regression was used to analyse the relationship between ASM, grip strength, FMR, and MASLD or MASLD-associated liver fibrosis. We performed subgroup analyses according to sex, age and BMI. Interaction tests and linear trend tests were also conducted. This study included a total of 3277 participants. FMR was positively associated with MASLD (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.66–2.15) and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.22–2.37). While ASM/BMI (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.52–0.67) or grip strength/BMI (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.66–0.78) were negatively associated with MASLD. Interactions were observed between ASM/BMI and age, grip strength and sex in MASLD, as well as FMR and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis. In a middle-to-elderly aged population, FMR was positively associated with the risk of MASLD and MASLD-associated liver fibrosis, and muscle mass and grip strength were negatively associated with MASLD, rather than MASLD-associated liver fibrosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27203401
title: Systematic analysis based on bioinformatics and experimental validation identifies <i>Alox5</i> as a novel therapeutic target of quercetin for sepsis

description: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of sepsis using network pharmacological prediction and experimentation. Hub genes were identified by intersecting the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the GSE131761 and GSE9960 databases with genes from the hub modules of Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), targets of quercetin, and ferroptosis. Subsequently, in order to determine the functional characteristics and molecular link of hub gene obtained above, we redetermined the hub-DEGs in GSE131761 according to high or low hub gene expression. Afterward, the main pathways of enrichment analysis were validated using these hub-DEGs. Finally, an experiment was conducted to validate the findings. By intersecting 1415 DEGs in GSE131761, 543 DEGs in GSE9960, 5784 key modular genes, 470 ferroptosis-related genes, and 154 quercetin-related genes, we obtained one quercetin-related gene, <i>Alox5</i>. Subsequently, 340 hub-DEGs were further validated according to high or low <i>Alox5</i> expression. The results of the enrichment analysis revealed that hub-DEGs were mainly associated with inflammation and the immune response. Immune infiltration analysis showed that higher expression of <i>Alox5</i> was related to macrophage infiltration and could be a predictor of diagnosis in patients with sepsis. The expression pattern of <i>Alox5</i> was then depicted and the upregulation of <i>Alox5</i> in the vital organs of septic mice was further demonstrated. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments showed that upregulation of <i>Alox5</i> and inflammation-related cytokines induced by sepsis could be inhibited by quercetin (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>Alox5</i> may be involved in the occurrence and development of multi-organ functional disturbances in sepsis and is a reliable target of quercetin against sepsis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27203401.v1
title: Systematic analysis based on bioinformatics and experimental validation identifies <i>Alox5</i> as a novel therapeutic target of quercetin for sepsis

description: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of sepsis using network pharmacological prediction and experimentation. Hub genes were identified by intersecting the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of the GSE131761 and GSE9960 databases with genes from the hub modules of Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), targets of quercetin, and ferroptosis. Subsequently, in order to determine the functional characteristics and molecular link of hub gene obtained above, we redetermined the hub-DEGs in GSE131761 according to high or low hub gene expression. Afterward, the main pathways of enrichment analysis were validated using these hub-DEGs. Finally, an experiment was conducted to validate the findings. By intersecting 1415 DEGs in GSE131761, 543 DEGs in GSE9960, 5784 key modular genes, 470 ferroptosis-related genes, and 154 quercetin-related genes, we obtained one quercetin-related gene, <i>Alox5</i>. Subsequently, 340 hub-DEGs were further validated according to high or low <i>Alox5</i> expression. The results of the enrichment analysis revealed that hub-DEGs were mainly associated with inflammation and the immune response. Immune infiltration analysis showed that higher expression of <i>Alox5</i> was related to macrophage infiltration and could be a predictor of diagnosis in patients with sepsis. The expression pattern of <i>Alox5</i> was then depicted and the upregulation of <i>Alox5</i> in the vital organs of septic mice was further demonstrated. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experiments showed that upregulation of <i>Alox5</i> and inflammation-related cytokines induced by sepsis could be inhibited by quercetin (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). <i>Alox5</i> may be involved in the occurrence and development of multi-organ functional disturbances in sepsis and is a reliable target of quercetin against sepsis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.26038069.v1
title: Time-in-therapeutic-range defined warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation: a Nationwide Cohort Study

description: Little is known how individual time-in-therapeutic-range (TTR) impacts the effectiveness and safety of warfarin therapy compared to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). To compare the effectiveness and safety of standard dose DOACs to warfarin in patients with AF, while categorizing warfarin treated patients into quartiles based on their individual TTR. We conducted a nationwide study including all patients with new-onset AF between 2011 and 2018 in Finland. Hazard ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox regression analysis with the inverse probability of treatment weighted method to assess the risks of ischaemic stroke (IS), intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) and mortality for users of apixaban (<i>n</i> = 12,426), dabigatran (<i>n</i> = 4545), rivaroxaban (<i>n</i> = 12,950) and warfarin (<i>n</i> = 43,548). The median TTR for warfarin users was 72%. Compared to the second best TTR quartile (reference), the risk of IS was higher in the two poorest TTR quartiles, and lower in the best TTR quartile and on rivaroxaban [2.35 (95% confidence interval, 1.85–2.85), 1.44 (1.18–1.75), 0.60 (0.47–0.77) and 0.72 (0.56–0.92)]. These differences were non-significant for apixaban and dabigatran. HR of ICH was 6.38 (4.88–8.35) and 1.87 (1.41–2.49) in the two poorest TTR groups, 1.44 (1.02–1.93) on rivaroxaban, and 0.58 (0.40–0.85) in the best TTR group compared to the reference group. Mortality was higher in the two poorest TTR groups and lowest in the best TTR group. The outcome was unsatisfactory in the two lowest TTR quartiles – in half of the patients treated with warfarin. The differences between the high TTR groups and standard dose DOACs were absent or modest.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.27143685
title: A systematic review and network meta-analysis on the effectiveness of exercise-based interventions for reducing the injury incidence in youth team-sport players. Part 1: an analysis by classical training components

description: The primary purposes were (a) to estimate the pooled effects of injury prevention programs (IPPs) on reducing overall and some specific body regions (lower extremity, thigh, knee, and ankle) injury incidence rates (IIRs) and (b) to compare the effects of single- and multi-component IPPs on mitigating injury risk in youth team sport athletes. A secondary objective was to explore the individual effects of different components on these IIRs. Searches were performed up to 15 January 2024 in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library. Eligible criteria were: exercise-based interventions evaluated against a control group, overall IIRs were reported, and youth (≤19 years old) team sport players. Two reviewers extracted data and assessed trial quality using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro), and a risk of bias tool (Cochrane Back and Neck Group). Pooled effects were calculated by Frequentist random effects pairwise and network meta-analyses. Twenty-one studies were included. IPPs reduced overall, lower extremities, thigh, knee, and ankle IIRs by an average of approximately 35%. Most of the IPPs demonstrated statistically significant risk mitigation effects for overall and lower extremity injuries compared to control group. Interventions comprised exclusively of strength ([IRR = 0.3 [95%CI = 0.10–0.93]) and flexibility (IRR = 0.49 [95%CI = 0.36–0.68]), as well as those including stability exercises, were the most effective measures for reducing injuries in youth team sports. The implementation of current IPPs in training sessions for several weeks has shown to be an effective strategy for reducing the risk of injury in youth team sport athletes by one-third. Indirect evidence suggests that strength, flexibility, and stability might be exercise components with the highest risk mitigation effects; however, more research is crucial to confirm our estimates with direct evidence. Injury prevention programs could reduce around one-third the incidence of injuries occurring in youth team sport athletes.Strength, flexibility, and stability seem to be key exercise-based components to be included in any training program aimed at minimizing the risk of injury in youth.Further research comparing head-to-head injury prevention programs in youth athletes is needed to make more founded conclusions on their true risk mitigation effects. Injury prevention programs could reduce around one-third the incidence of injuries occurring in youth team sport athletes. Strength, flexibility, and stability seem to be key exercise-based components to be included in any training program aimed at minimizing the risk of injury in youth. Further research comparing head-to-head injury prevention programs in youth athletes is needed to make more founded conclusions on their true risk mitigation effects.