cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987090
title: Do live or inactive yeasts improve cattle ruminal environment?

description: ABSTRACT This research was conducted to investigate the effect of live and inactive sugarcane yeast on beef cattle voluntary intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations, and ruminal ammonia. Five rumen-cannulated Nellore heifers were distributed in a 5×5 Latin square design, with five experimental periods of 15 days, with seven days for adaptation to the additives and the remaining days for data records and sampling. Total mixed ration (TMR) was composed by corn silage (20%) and concentrate (80%) based on corn and soybean meal. Five treatments were evaluated: without additive use (negative control; NC); chemical buffer addition – 0.71% in concentrate DM of sodium bicarbonate and 0.18% of magnesium oxide (positive control, PC); 10 g/day live yeast (LY); 15 g/day of inactive yeast (IY15); and 30 g/day of inactive yeast (IY30). Sugarcane yeasts were directly infused in rumen immediately after morning and afternoon feed supply. Feed additives did not affect voluntary intake, nutrient digestibility, and sorting behavior of animals. However, heifers from all treatments presented preferential intake of fibrous fraction of diet, especially those from NC and IY15. Nitrogen balance, VFA concentrations, and blood parameters were not influenced as well. Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium oxide led to greater ruminal pH than yeast, and IY15 presented greater pH than IY30. Ruminal ammonia was increased by the use of additives. Active and inactive yeasts are not recommended as feed additives for bovines fed diets with 80% of concentrate since it allows animals to select fibrous particles from TMR, and no representative gain in ruminal parameters and digestibilities are guaranteed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987090.v1
title: Do live or inactive yeasts improve cattle ruminal environment?

description: ABSTRACT This research was conducted to investigate the effect of live and inactive sugarcane yeast on beef cattle voluntary intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients, ruminal pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations, and ruminal ammonia. Five rumen-cannulated Nellore heifers were distributed in a 5×5 Latin square design, with five experimental periods of 15 days, with seven days for adaptation to the additives and the remaining days for data records and sampling. Total mixed ration (TMR) was composed by corn silage (20%) and concentrate (80%) based on corn and soybean meal. Five treatments were evaluated: without additive use (negative control; NC); chemical buffer addition – 0.71% in concentrate DM of sodium bicarbonate and 0.18% of magnesium oxide (positive control, PC); 10 g/day live yeast (LY); 15 g/day of inactive yeast (IY15); and 30 g/day of inactive yeast (IY30). Sugarcane yeasts were directly infused in rumen immediately after morning and afternoon feed supply. Feed additives did not affect voluntary intake, nutrient digestibility, and sorting behavior of animals. However, heifers from all treatments presented preferential intake of fibrous fraction of diet, especially those from NC and IY15. Nitrogen balance, VFA concentrations, and blood parameters were not influenced as well. Sodium bicarbonate and magnesium oxide led to greater ruminal pH than yeast, and IY15 presented greater pH than IY30. Ruminal ammonia was increased by the use of additives. Active and inactive yeasts are not recommended as feed additives for bovines fed diets with 80% of concentrate since it allows animals to select fibrous particles from TMR, and no representative gain in ruminal parameters and digestibilities are guaranteed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987078
title: Effects of Computer Use on Cognition, Emotional State, Quality of Life and Motor Skills of the Elderly

description: Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effects of computer use on the cognitive performance, emotional state, quality of life and motor skills of participants enrolled in computer classes. The sample consisted of 114 elderly people who were divided into two groups: one without computer skills (GSI) comprised of 58 people, and another with computer skills (CG), comprised of 56. For this study, we used Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), a quality of life assessment (WHOQOL-Bref), and measurements of handgrip strength (dynamometer Saehan Corporation®) and fine motor skill (manual skills panel). The results showed that computer use may contribute positively to the cognitive function of the elderly, improving their emotional state, quality of life and motor skills.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987081
title: From abortion-inducing medications to Zika Virus Syndrome: 27 years experience of the First Teratogen Information Service in Latin America

description: Abstract In 1990, the first Teratogen Information Service in Brazil (SIAT) was implemented in the Medical Genetics Service at Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. SIAT is a free-to-use information service both to health professionals and the general population, especially to women who are pregnant or planning pregnancy. The main objective of this paper is to present the activities of SIAT in its initial years (1990-2006), compared to those in the last decade (2007-2017). In addition we review the scientific contribution of SIAT in the field of human teratogenesis. Since 1990, SIAT received 10,533 calls. Use of medications were the main reason for concern, accounting for 74% of all questions, followed by other chemical exposures (occupational, cosmetics, environmental), and maternal infectious diseases. Among its main contributions to scientific knowledge was the collaboration for the identification of two new human teratogens: misoprostol in the 1990s and Zika virus in 2015/16. In conclusion, SIAT is still evolving, as is the Medical Genetics Service that hosts it. Through its 27 years of existence more than 300 undergraduate and graduate students have rotated at SIAT. Presently, SIAT is expanding the research to experimental teratogenesis and to investigation of molecular mechanisms of teratogens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987075
title: Effects and mechanisms of water-soluble Semen cassiae polysaccharide on retinitis pigmentosa in rats

description: Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of water-soluble Semen cassiae polysaccharide (SCP) on retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in rats. One hundred rats were randomly divided into control, model, and 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP groups. The 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP groups were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP for 5 days, respectively. On the sixth day, the model, and 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP groups were treated with N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU). After 12 h and 5 days, the electroretinogram, retinal thickness, apoptosis of retinal photoreceptor cells, and expressions of apoptosis related protein in retina tissue were determined. Results showed that, after 12 h and on 5 days from MNU treatment, compared with model group, the a-wave and b-wave amplitude and retinal thickness in SCP groups were significantly increased, the apoptosis rate of retinal photoreceptor cells was significantly decreased, the Bcl-2 protein expression level in retinal tissue was significantly increased, and the Bax and Caspase-3 protein level were significantly decreased (all P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, SCP has obvious protective effects on RP in rats. The mechanism may be related to it regulation of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in retina tissue.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987078.v1
title: Effects of Computer Use on Cognition, Emotional State, Quality of Life and Motor Skills of the Elderly

description: Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effects of computer use on the cognitive performance, emotional state, quality of life and motor skills of participants enrolled in computer classes. The sample consisted of 114 elderly people who were divided into two groups: one without computer skills (GSI) comprised of 58 people, and another with computer skills (CG), comprised of 56. For this study, we used Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), a quality of life assessment (WHOQOL-Bref), and measurements of handgrip strength (dynamometer Saehan Corporation®) and fine motor skill (manual skills panel). The results showed that computer use may contribute positively to the cognitive function of the elderly, improving their emotional state, quality of life and motor skills.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987072
title: Characteristics of glucose oxidase immobilized on Magnetic Chitosan Nanoparticles

description: Abstract Immobilization process is used to facilitate the enzyme recovery and reusability. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of different amounts of chitosan on immobilization efficiency of Glucose Oxidase (GOX), pH effect on enzyme activity and changes of kinetic characteristics of enzyme immobilized on Magnetic Chitosan Nanoparticles (MCNP). GOX was immobilized on MCNP with cross bonds and Schiff base covalent connections. The sample with 0.3 g of chitosan had the highest immobilization efficiency (41.30%). Morphology of nanoparticles was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Immobilization of GOX on magnetic nanoparticles was verified with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The effect of pH on enzyme activity was similar on both immobilized enzyme (IE) and free enzyme (FE). The evaluation of kinetic parameters for IE and FE has showed that the effectiveness factor was 0.45. Generally, it could be concluded that magnetic nanoparticles with 0.3 g chitosan could provide a suitable medium for immobilization of GOX.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987081.v1
title: From abortion-inducing medications to Zika Virus Syndrome: 27 years experience of the First Teratogen Information Service in Latin America

description: Abstract In 1990, the first Teratogen Information Service in Brazil (SIAT) was implemented in the Medical Genetics Service at Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. SIAT is a free-to-use information service both to health professionals and the general population, especially to women who are pregnant or planning pregnancy. The main objective of this paper is to present the activities of SIAT in its initial years (1990-2006), compared to those in the last decade (2007-2017). In addition we review the scientific contribution of SIAT in the field of human teratogenesis. Since 1990, SIAT received 10,533 calls. Use of medications were the main reason for concern, accounting for 74% of all questions, followed by other chemical exposures (occupational, cosmetics, environmental), and maternal infectious diseases. Among its main contributions to scientific knowledge was the collaboration for the identification of two new human teratogens: misoprostol in the 1990s and Zika virus in 2015/16. In conclusion, SIAT is still evolving, as is the Medical Genetics Service that hosts it. Through its 27 years of existence more than 300 undergraduate and graduate students have rotated at SIAT. Presently, SIAT is expanding the research to experimental teratogenesis and to investigation of molecular mechanisms of teratogens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987069
title: Postharvest 1-methylcyclopropene treatments maintain the quality of Rosa sterilis D. shi during storage

description: Abstract Effects of different concentrations of aqueous 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on Rosa sterilis D. shi fruits were investigated. The fruits were harvested at commercial maturity stage and treated with 1-MCP treatment at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 μL L-1 for 20 h at 25 °C in an air tight chamber along with control sample to evaluate the effect of 1-MCP concentration on its quality during storage. The result showed that postharvest treatment with 1.0 μL L-1 1-MCP suppressed the respiration rate, ethylene production rate and POD activity in Rosa sterilis D. shi fruits, inhibited the transport of reducing sugar and the increase of cellulose, delayed the increase in PPO activity, and retarded the decrease in ascorbic acid. The regulation of fibrosis process with postharvest 1.0 μL L-11-MCP treatment could be used to maintain the quality of Rosa sterilis D. shi fruits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987066
title: Salmonella Panama: Genetic Diversity of the Isolates Collected from Human and Non-human Sources

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION Salmonella enterica serovar Panama belongs to the D1 serogroup and is frequently associated with nontyphoidal salmonellosis in humans. This study aimed to characterize isolates collected from Northeast Brazil by phenotypic and molecular methods. METHODS Forty four S. Panama strains were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types. RESULTS All strains were susceptible to antibiotics (except for streptomycin), presented classical virulence factors, and could be clustered into four groups and 18 pulsotypes. CONCLUSIONS This work calls for continuous surveillance for the emergence of antibiotic resistance and new clones in a geographical area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987075.v1
title: Effects and mechanisms of water-soluble Semen cassiae polysaccharide on retinitis pigmentosa in rats

description: Abstract This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of water-soluble Semen cassiae polysaccharide (SCP) on retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in rats. One hundred rats were randomly divided into control, model, and 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP groups. The 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP groups were treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP for 5 days, respectively. On the sixth day, the model, and 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg SCP groups were treated with N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU). After 12 h and 5 days, the electroretinogram, retinal thickness, apoptosis of retinal photoreceptor cells, and expressions of apoptosis related protein in retina tissue were determined. Results showed that, after 12 h and on 5 days from MNU treatment, compared with model group, the a-wave and b-wave amplitude and retinal thickness in SCP groups were significantly increased, the apoptosis rate of retinal photoreceptor cells was significantly decreased, the Bcl-2 protein expression level in retinal tissue was significantly increased, and the Bax and Caspase-3 protein level were significantly decreased (all P &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, SCP has obvious protective effects on RP in rats. The mechanism may be related to it regulation of Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression in retina tissue.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987066.v1
title: Salmonella Panama: Genetic Diversity of the Isolates Collected from Human and Non-human Sources

description: Abstract INTRODUCTION Salmonella enterica serovar Panama belongs to the D1 serogroup and is frequently associated with nontyphoidal salmonellosis in humans. This study aimed to characterize isolates collected from Northeast Brazil by phenotypic and molecular methods. METHODS Forty four S. Panama strains were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types. RESULTS All strains were susceptible to antibiotics (except for streptomycin), presented classical virulence factors, and could be clustered into four groups and 18 pulsotypes. CONCLUSIONS This work calls for continuous surveillance for the emergence of antibiotic resistance and new clones in a geographical area.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987069.v1
title: Postharvest 1-methylcyclopropene treatments maintain the quality of Rosa sterilis D. shi during storage

description: Abstract Effects of different concentrations of aqueous 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) on Rosa sterilis D. shi fruits were investigated. The fruits were harvested at commercial maturity stage and treated with 1-MCP treatment at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 μL L-1 for 20 h at 25 °C in an air tight chamber along with control sample to evaluate the effect of 1-MCP concentration on its quality during storage. The result showed that postharvest treatment with 1.0 μL L-1 1-MCP suppressed the respiration rate, ethylene production rate and POD activity in Rosa sterilis D. shi fruits, inhibited the transport of reducing sugar and the increase of cellulose, delayed the increase in PPO activity, and retarded the decrease in ascorbic acid. The regulation of fibrosis process with postharvest 1.0 μL L-11-MCP treatment could be used to maintain the quality of Rosa sterilis D. shi fruits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987072.v1
title: Characteristics of glucose oxidase immobilized on Magnetic Chitosan Nanoparticles

description: Abstract Immobilization process is used to facilitate the enzyme recovery and reusability. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of different amounts of chitosan on immobilization efficiency of Glucose Oxidase (GOX), pH effect on enzyme activity and changes of kinetic characteristics of enzyme immobilized on Magnetic Chitosan Nanoparticles (MCNP). GOX was immobilized on MCNP with cross bonds and Schiff base covalent connections. The sample with 0.3 g of chitosan had the highest immobilization efficiency (41.30%). Morphology of nanoparticles was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Immobilization of GOX on magnetic nanoparticles was verified with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The effect of pH on enzyme activity was similar on both immobilized enzyme (IE) and free enzyme (FE). The evaluation of kinetic parameters for IE and FE has showed that the effectiveness factor was 0.45. Generally, it could be concluded that magnetic nanoparticles with 0.3 g chitosan could provide a suitable medium for immobilization of GOX.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987063
title: THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM: THE SAME DIMENSIONS OF ANALYSIS, DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS

description: This paperquestionsthe concept of institutionalization of the party systems proposed by Mainwaring and Scully (1995). We demonstrate that the theoretical and operational aspects of this concept may leadto spurious interpretations about the organization and durability of each party systemand the democratic government in which they insert themselves. We criticize comparative analysis that are unidimensional and fail toconsider the particularities of each country and the development of its party system. To presentthis interpretation,we analyse the four conditions involved in the concept of party institutionalization based on thecity parliaments in Brazil, which show the most disaggregated level of competition and, therefore, increases our number of observations. Regarding this analysis, our empirical data shows that the Brazilian party system can be classified as stable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987063.v1
title: THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM: THE SAME DIMENSIONS OF ANALYSIS, DIFFERENT INTERPRETATIONS

description: This paperquestionsthe concept of institutionalization of the party systems proposed by Mainwaring and Scully (1995). We demonstrate that the theoretical and operational aspects of this concept may leadto spurious interpretations about the organization and durability of each party systemand the democratic government in which they insert themselves. We criticize comparative analysis that are unidimensional and fail toconsider the particularities of each country and the development of its party system. To presentthis interpretation,we analyse the four conditions involved in the concept of party institutionalization based on thecity parliaments in Brazil, which show the most disaggregated level of competition and, therefore, increases our number of observations. Regarding this analysis, our empirical data shows that the Brazilian party system can be classified as stable.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987054
title: The effects of kefir grain and starter culture on kefir produced from cow and buffalo milk during storage periods

description: Abstract The present study was aimed to determine the effect of different types of milk and kefir grains or starter cultures on the chemical properties, and microorganism counts of kefir samples. The type of milk had a significant effect on the acidity, dry matter, protein, and CO2 values. Acidity and CO2 values increased during storage period, while dry matter, fat and protein contents decreased. However, the type of milk had no significant effect on Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc and yeast counts. In the samples produced using starter culture microorganism counts except those of L. acidophilus of the samples increased (p &lt; 0.05) during the 14 days of storage. Higher Lactobacilli (8.52 log cfu/ml) and Lactococci (8.84 log cfu/ml) was found in kefir produced using buffalo milk and starter culture in 21 days of storage, while higher L. acidophilus (6.41 log cfu/ml) was found in kefir produced using cow milk and starter culture. In general, due to the higher dry matter and protein content and yeast population, kefir made from buffalo milk may be preferred.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987048
title: Cross-sectional study of readmissions to the psychiatric ward of Hospital Estadual Mário Covas in Santo André, state of São Paulo, between 2008 and 2015

description: Abstract Objectives To assess the sociodemographic and diagnostic profile of data related to psychiatric readmissions to the psychiatric ward at Hospital Estadual Mário Covas between January 2008 and September 2015, in order to investigate the possible correlation between the rate of admission and readmission and the presence or absence of a discharged patient unit or other outpatient treatment unit. Methods This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Data on patients readmitted during the study period were sourced from a statistical analysis of the Hospital Estadual Mário Covas database using STATA 11.0. Results During the study period, hospitalization rates decreased, while the readmission rates increased over the years, at a total of 662 readmissions. This rise in readmissions had no correlation with the presence of a discharged patient unit or other outpatient unit. Women comprised the majority of the sample, with a mean age of 42; the most prevalent disorder among women was bipolar affective disorder, while among men it was schizophrenia. The length of hospitalization increased over time, with a maximum mean time of 23 days in 2015. Most of the patients were referred from Santo André as well as from hospitals in São Paulo. Conclusion The increase in the rate of readmissions over the years suggests that the mental healthcare model may have shortcomings along the chain. It is important to understand the epidemiological profile and chain of events that led to repeated hospitalizations in order to design new strategies and approaches to care so as to keep the patients stabilized.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987054.v1
title: The effects of kefir grain and starter culture on kefir produced from cow and buffalo milk during storage periods

description: Abstract The present study was aimed to determine the effect of different types of milk and kefir grains or starter cultures on the chemical properties, and microorganism counts of kefir samples. The type of milk had a significant effect on the acidity, dry matter, protein, and CO2 values. Acidity and CO2 values increased during storage period, while dry matter, fat and protein contents decreased. However, the type of milk had no significant effect on Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc and yeast counts. In the samples produced using starter culture microorganism counts except those of L. acidophilus of the samples increased (p &lt; 0.05) during the 14 days of storage. Higher Lactobacilli (8.52 log cfu/ml) and Lactococci (8.84 log cfu/ml) was found in kefir produced using buffalo milk and starter culture in 21 days of storage, while higher L. acidophilus (6.41 log cfu/ml) was found in kefir produced using cow milk and starter culture. In general, due to the higher dry matter and protein content and yeast population, kefir made from buffalo milk may be preferred.