cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bc4b0kk
title: Data from: Testing the limits of pheromone stigmergy in spatially constrained robotic swarms

description: Area coverage and collective exploration are key challenges for swarm
 robotics. Previous research in this field has drawn inspiration from ant
 colonies, with real, or more commonly virtual, pheromones deposited into a
 shared environment to coordinate behaviour through stigmergy. Repellent
 pheromones can facilitate rapid dispersal of robotic agents, yet this has
 been demonstrated only for relatively small swarm sizes (N&lt;30).
 Here, we report findings from swarms of real robots (Kilobots) an order of
 magnitude larger (N&gt;300), and from realistic simulation experiments
 up to N=400. We identify limitations to stigmergy in a spatially
 constrained environment – a free but bounded two-dimensional workspace –
 using repellent binary pheromone. At larger N a simple, stigmergic
 avoidance algorithm becomes first no better, then inferior to, the area
 coverage of non-interacting random walkers. Thus, with ever-increasing
 swarm sizes, the assumption of robustness and scalability for such
 approaches may need to be re-examined. Instead, subcellular biology, and
 diffusive processes, may prove a better source of inspiration at large N
 in spatially constrained or high agent density environments.
description: 2.1_1.4_control_no_pher
 2.1x1.4_decay_005
 2.1x1.4_decay_010
 2.1x1.4_decay_0025 robot_trials
 3x2_control_no_pher
 3x2_decay_005 3x2_decay_010
 3x2_decay_0025
 3x2_thresh_0.75_decay_005
 3x2_thresh_0.75_decay_010
 3x2_thresh_0.75_decay_0025
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.70rk2cf
title: Data from: Morphological disparity in theropod jaws: comparing discrete characters and geometric morphometrics

description: Disparity, the diversity of form and function of organisms, is frequently
 measured, and can be assessed from cladistic or phenetic characters, and
 from discrete characters or continuous characters such as landmarks,
 outlines, or ratios. But do these different methods of assessing disparity
 provide comparable results? Here we provide a large-scale test in which
 character sets are standardized for anatomical-functional comparability,
 and compare three methods of capturing morphological disparity (discrete
 characters, morphometric outlines and geometric morphometric landmarks).
 We use coelurosaurian dinosaur mandibles as our case study. We find that
 all methods correlate significantly with each other and capture similar
 patterns of morphological variation. The correlation is strongest between
 the two morphometric methods, and weaker between the morphometric methods
 and the discrete characters. When expanding the scope of sampling for all
 three analyses to include all possible taxa results are consistent with a
 reduced standardized sample across all three measures. Our results from
 all methods confirm that Maniraptoriformes had the highest disparity of
 all coelurosaurians, and omnivores and herbivores had higher disparity
 than carnivores.
description: Supplement Supplementary tables and
 figures Supplementary_file_1
 Landmark data file containing raw data on theropod mandibles, in
 tps format. Supplementary_table_1
 Table of mandible-related cladistic characters for theropods, in
 nexus format. Supplementary_table_8
 Coordinates of all taxa in PCA hyperspace.
 Supplementary_table_1 Taxon-character matrix
 in Nexus format. Supplement
 Supplementary methods, figures, and tables.
 Supplementary_table_2 Taxon-character matrix
 in Nexus format. Supplementary_table_7
 Mandible landmark data in Excel format.
 Supplementary_file_1_raw_landmarks Landmark
 data in tps format.
 Supplementary_file_2_GPA_landmarks Landmark
 data in tps format.
 Supplementary_file_3_raw_landmarks_full_sample
 Landmark data in tps format.
 Supplementary_file_4_GPA_landmarks_full_sample
 Landmark data in tps format.
 simulations Zip file of a folder containing
 all the input and output files for the simulations to identify a range of
 variation.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hg4873q
title: Data from: A new tusked cistecephalid dicynodont (Therapsida, Anomodontia) from the upper Permian Upper Madumabisa Mudstone Formation, Luangwa Basin, Zambia

description: Cistecephalids are among the most distinctive Permian dicynodonts because
 of their highly derived skulls and postcrania, which indicate a fossorial
 ecology. Four cistecephalid species have been described from India, South
 Africa, and Tanzania; a fifth putative species has been reported from the
 Luangwa Basin of Zambia but never formally described. Here we present a
 detailed description of the Luangwa Basin cistecephalid, which we name
 Kembawacela kitchingi gen. et. sp. nov. The most obvious diagnostic
 character of K. kitchingi is the presence of caniniform tusks in most
 specimens. Other important characters include a pineal foramen located at
 the posterior end of the skull roof; an interparietal that has a pair of
 anterior processes that extend onto the dorsal surface of the skull,
 flanking the pineal foramen (but otherwise is restricted to the occipital
 surface); an undivided nuchal crest; and a trough on the ventral surface
 of the mid-ventral vomerine plate. Phylogenetic analysis reconstructs
 Kembawacela as a basal cistecephalid and confirms that Cistecephalidae is
 a well-supported clade. However, relationships within the clade received
 low branch support. Increased knowledge of cistecephalid diversity shows
 that they vary in functionally relevant characters, such as degree of
 inflation of the bony vestibule and the morphology of the scapula and
 humerus, indicating the need for a more nuanced approach to the
 relationship between form, function, and ecology in the clade. The highly
 allopatric distribution of cistecephalid species suggests that they
 experienced strong interspecific competition for limited resources and had
 limited dispersal ability, similar to extant subterranean mammals.
description: Angielczyk et al
 character listCharacter list for
 phylogenetic analysisAngielczyk et al
 continuous character dataContinuous character
 data for phylogenetic analysisAngielczyk et al data
 matrixData matrix for
 phylogenetic analysisAngielczyk et al
 phylogenetic analysis resultsAdditional results from
 phylogenetic analysisAngielczyk et al
 vestibule and stapes measurementsVestibule and stapes
 measurements used in Figure 11.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4r34d2k
title: Data from: Fitness benefits of male dominance behaviours depend on the degree of inbreeding in a polyandrous lizard

description: In polyandrous species, sexual selection extends beyond mating competition
 to selection for egg fertilization. As a result, the degree to which
 factors influencing mating success impact overall reproductive success
 becomes variable. Here, we used a longitudinal behavioural and genetic
 dataset for a population of eastern water dragons (Intellagama lesueurii)
 to investigate the degree to which male dominance, a pre-mating selection
 trait, influences overall reproductive success, measured as the number of
 surviving offspring. Moreover, we examine the interactive effects with a
 genetic trait, individual inbreeding, known to influence reproductive
 success of males in this species. We found fitness benefits of male
 dominance, measured as body size and frequency of dominance behaviours
 displayed. However, individuals’ propensity to display dominance
 behaviours had mixed effects, depending on the degree of inbreeding. While
 inbred males benefited from frequent displays, highly outbred males
 exhibited better reproductive outputs when displaying to a lesser extent.
 Given that outbred males have enhanced reproductive success in this
 species, the costs of displaying dominance behaviours may outweigh the
 benefits. Overall, our results demonstrate the fitness benefits of
 dominance in a polyandrous lizard, and suggest that these are modulated by
 an independent genetic trait. Our results may contribute to explaining the
 presence of alternative mating tactics in this species, due to the
 variability in net fitness benefits of dominance. Our findings also reveal
 the challenges associated with investigating fitness traits in isolation,
 which may undermine the validity of results when important interactions
 are ignored.
description: R code for SNP
 filtering1
 SNP filtering.RR code for Pedigree
 reconstruction with Sequoia2 Pedigree reconstruction with
 Sequoia.RR code for statistical
 analysis3
 Statistical analysis.R349 SNPs for pedigree
 reconstruction349SNPs_pedigree_reconstruction.raw4433 SNPs for inbreeding, heterozygosity and relatedness4433SNPs.pedIndividual frequencies of dominance behavioursDominance.csvInbreeding estimatesInbreeding.csvMorphological measuresMorph.csvGenetic relatednessRelatedness.csvRelatedness.csvID keyID_key.csvLife-history dataLH_sequoia.csvData frame for statistical analysisPaternity_master.csvRaw genetic data 1Report_DWdrag17-2731_SNP_1.csvReport_DWdrag17-2731_SNP_singlerow_1
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.d4mb3pn
title: Data from: Axial length elongation and myopia incidence increase in primary school-age children: 3-year follow-up study

description: Objective: To investigate the axial length (AL) elongation in primary
 school-age children during 3-year follow-up period, and evaluate the
 associations of AL elongation with spherical equivalent (SE), AL at
 baseline, body height and weight. Design: A 3-year observational cohort
 study from 2014 to 2017. Setting: Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University in
 Shanghai. Methods: A total of 452 children successfully completed their
 measurements in the 3-year follow-up period. Among those children, the
 mean age was 6.9 ± 0.7 years, ranging from 6 years to 8 years, and 217
 (42.7%) were boys. AL was measured with an ocular biometry system.
 Refractive error was measured using an auto-refractor without cycloplegia.
 Results: The mean changes of ALs were 0.27 ± 0.28 mm, 0.52 ± 0.40 mm, and
 0.89 ± 0.51mm over 1 year, over 2 years and over 3 years, respectively.
 The mean changes of Spherical equivalents (SEs) were -0.27 ± 0.80 D, -0.56
 ± 1.00 D, and -0.95 ± 1.41 D over 1 year, over 2 years and over 3 years,
 respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that mean
 change of AL was associated with mean change of SE at all points (all P
 &lt; 0.001). In addition, linear regression analysis revealed that AL
 elongation in the 3-year follow-up period was associated with AL at
 baseline (R2 = 0.009, P = 0.045). Conclusions: AL elongation is relatively
 high in the primary school-age children in Jinshan District, Shanghai.
 Effect strategies are needed to control AL elongation.  
description: Axial length elongation
 and myopia incidence increase in primary school-age children
 ('data3.xlsx') Height: the height of child,
 units of measure is "cm", allowable values is more than 0
 cm.<br> Weight: the weight of child, units of measure is
 "kg", allowable values is more than 0 kg.<br> Spherical
 refraction of right eye: the spherical refraction of right eye of child,
 units of measure is "D", allowable values is usually +10 D ～ -20
 D.<br> Spherical refraction of left eye: the spherical refraction of
 left eye of child, units of measure is "D", allowable values is
 usually +10 D ～ -20 D.<br> Cylinder refraction of right eye: the
 cylinder refraction of right eye of child, units of measure is
 "D", allowable values is less than 0 D.<br> Cylinder
 refraction of left eye: the cylinder refraction of left eye of child,
 units of measure is "D", allowable values is less than 0
 D.<br> Axis of right eye: the axis of right eye of child, units of
 measure is "°", allowable values is 1°～ 180°.<br> Axis of
 left eye: the axis of left eye of child, units of measure is
 "°", allowable values is 1°～ 180°.<br> AL of right eye:
 the AL of right eye of child, units of measure is "mm",
 allowable values is more than 0.<br> AL of left eye: the AL of left
 eye of child, units of measure is "mm", allowable values is more
 than 0.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6kb10h4
title: Data from: Race/Ethnicity Influences Outcomes in Young Adults with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

description: Objectives: We investigated the predictors of functional outcome in young
 patients enrolled in a multi-ethnic study of intracerebral hemorrhage
 (ICH). Methods: The Ethnic/Racial Variations in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
 (ERICH) study is a prospective multi-center study of ICH among adult (age
 ≥18 years) non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Hispanics. The
 study recruited 1000 participants per racial/ethnic group. The present
 study utilized the subset of ERICH cases aged &lt;50 years with
 supratentorial ICH. Functional outcome was ascertained using the modified
 Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Logistic regression was used to identify
 factors associated with poor outcome (mRS 4–6), and analyses were compared
 by race/ethnicity to identify differences across these groups. Results: Of
 the 3000 ICH cases enrolled in ERICH, 418 were studied (mean age 43 years,
 69% male), of which 48 (12%) were white, 173 (41%) were black, and 197
 (47%) were Hispanic. For supratentorial ICH, blacks (odds ratio [OR] 0.42,
 p=0.046) and Hispanics (OR 0.34, p=0.01) had better outcomes than whites
 after adjustment for other factors associated with poor outcome: age,
 baseline disability, admission blood pressure, admission Glasgow Coma
 Scale score, ICH volume, deep ICH location, and intraventricular
 extension. Conclusions: In young patients with supratentorial ICH, black
 and Hispanic race/ethnicity is associated with better functional outcomes,
 compared with white race. Additional studies are needed to identify the
 biological and social mediators of this association.
description: Supplementary
 TablesTable 4: population
 characteristics in patients with complete and missing data; Table 5.
 Clinical Interventions and 3-month outcomes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pn12533
title: Data from: Shape variability in tridactyl dinosaur footprints: the significance of size and function

description: The functional anatomy of the hindlimb of bipedal dinosaurs has been
 intensively studied. Yet, surprisingly little work has been done
 concerning functional adaptations in the digits for terrestrial
 locomotion. While complete and articulated pes skeletons are scarce, pes
 shape is abundantly recorded by fossil footprints. Here we aim to
 elucidate the significance of footprint shape and size for locomotion
 using a large sample (n = 303) of tridactyl dinosaur footprints from a
 broad range of geographic localities and time slots. Size and shape
 variation is characterised separately for theropods and ornithischians,
 the two principal trackmaker taxa. At smaller sizes, theropod footprints
 are best discriminated from ornithischian footprints based on their
 smaller interdigital angle and larger projection of digit III, while at
 larger sizes digital widths are effective discriminants. Ornithischian
 footprints are shown to increase in size from the Early Jurassic to the
 Late Cretaceous, a trend not observed in theropod footprints. Size and
 function are argued to be important determinants of footprint shape, and
 an attempt made to infer function from shape. Digit III projection and
 length-to-width ratio of the footprints are negatively correlated with
 size in both trackmaker groups, while digit impression widths are
 positively correlated with size only in ornithischians. Digit III
 projection is proposed to be positively correlated with cursorial ability.
 Increased interdigital angles are associated with a decrease in digital
 widths, possibly representing an adaptation for stability. Footprints are
 found to yield great unrecognised potential for the understanding of the
 functional morphology of dinosaur feet.
description: Table
 S1Spreadsheet containing
 collected data, with literature sources indicated.Supplementary Material
 S1.csvTable
 S2Tables with correlation
 coefficients and p-values for 1) the complete sample of tridactyl dinosaur
 tracks, 2) theropod tracks, and 3) ornithischian
 tracks.Supplementary Material
 S2.pdfSupplementary Material
 S3Variable loadings of the
 PCA of the theropod subsample (Fig. 5A)Supplementary Material
 S4Variable loadings of the
 PCA of the ornithischian subsample (Fig. 5B)Supplementary Material
 S5Canonical coefficients
 of the CVA (Fig. 4A)
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.8kd8jp7
title: Data from: A novel, porcinated human Butyrylcholinesterase catalytically degrades the chemical warfare nerve agent, sarin

description: Chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs) present a global threat to both
 military and civilian populations.  The acute toxicity of CWNAs
 stems from their ability to effectively inhibit acetylcholinesterase
 (AChE).  This inhibition can lead to uncontrolled cholinergic
 cellular signaling, resulting in cholinergic crisis and, ultimately,
 death.  While the current FDA-approved standard of care is
 moderately effective when administered early, development of novel
 treatment strategies is necessary.  Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)
 is an enzyme which displays a high degree of structural homology to
 AChE.  Unlike AChE, the roles of BChE are uncertain and
 possibilities are still being explored. However, BChE appears to primarily
 serve as a bioscavenger of toxic esters due to its ability to accommodate
 a wide variety of substrates within its active site.  Like AChE,
 BChE is also readily inhibited by CWNAs. Due to its high affinity for
 binding CWNAs, and that null-BChE yields no apparent health effects,
 exogenous BChE has been explored as a candidate therapeutic for CWNA
 intoxication.  Despite years of research, minimal strides have
 been made to develop a catalytic bioscavenger.  Further, BChE is
 only in early clinical trials as a stoichiometric bioscavenger of CWNAs,
 and large quantities must be administered to treat CWNA
 toxicity.  Here we describe previously unidentified mutations to
 residues within and adjacent to the acyl binding pocket (positions 282-285
 were mutagenized from YGTP to NHML) of BChE that confer catalytic
 degradation of the CWNA, sarin.  These mutations, along with
 corresponding future efforts, may finally lead to a novel therapeutic to
 combat CWNA intoxication.
description: Supplementary data contains the following: Table of GC-HRMS parameters
 Table of LC-MS/MS parameters Figure displaying the sequence alignment
 comparison of human BChE vs. BChE from various species Figure displaying a
 ChE aging experiment to 48 hrs Table showing the measured concentrations
 of sarin and IMPA over time using the LC-MS/MS Table showing the measured
 concentrations of free sarin over time using GC-HRMS Numerous supporting
 information and figures for the modeling and molecular dynamics
 simulations.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18392834
title: Camera trap capture events of mammals in the Baviaanskloof catchment, South Africa (2020–2022)

description: This dataset contains all raw camera trap capture events recorded during mammal surveys conducted in the Baviaanskloof catchment, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, between January 2020 and April 2022. A total of 131 unique camera trap deployments were distributed across the landscape over four survey sessions, covering a range of topographic and land-use contexts.

Each record represents an independent capture event and includes information on camera location, date and time of detection, and species identity. The dataset provides the raw observational basis for analyses of mammal occurrence, species richness, and occupancy patterns i
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18392835
title: Camera trap capture events of mammals in the Baviaanskloof catchment, South Africa (2020–2022)

description: This dataset contains all raw camera trap capture events recorded during mammal surveys conducted in the Baviaanskloof catchment, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, between January 2020 and April 2022. A total of 131 unique camera trap deployments were distributed across the landscape over four survey sessions, covering a range of topographic and land-use contexts.

Each record represents an independent capture event and includes information on camera location, date and time of detection, and species identity. The dataset provides the raw observational basis for analyses of mammal occurrence, species richness, and occupancy patterns i
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hs561q1
title: Data from: Transcriptome analysis of two radiated Cycas species and its utilization on species delimitation in Cycas taiwaniana complex

description: Premise of the study: Cycas is an important gymnosperm with the most
 diverse of all cycad genera. The taxa within Cycas taiwaniana complex are
 morphologically similar and difficult to be distinguished by a lack of
 genomic resources. Methods: We characterized transcriptomes of two closely
 related and endangered Cycas species endemic to Hainan, China: C.
 hainanensis and C. changjiangensis. Furthermore, we sequenced three single
 copy nuclear genes for the Cycas taiwaniana complex developed from
 transcriptome. Then we evaluated species boundaries based on the
 multispecies coalescent method implemented in BPP. Results: We obtained
 68,184 and 81,561 unigenes for C. changjiangensis and C. hainanensis,
 respectively. The estimated divergence time revealed the two related
 species diverged more recently. Six positively selected genes are mainly
 involved in stimulus responses, suggesting that environmental adaptation
 may play an important role in the divergence of the two species. The
 similar peak at 1.0 of Ks distributions for paralogs indicated a common
 whole-genome duplication event. Results of species delimitation indicated
 the Cycas taiwaniana complex consisted of three distinct lineages, which
 corresponds to morphological differentiation. Discussion: Our study
 provides evidence from transcriptome for taxonomical treatment of the
 Cycas taiwaniana complex and new insights into evolution of this living
 fossil genus.
description: Wang_et_al_2019_Applications_in_Plant_SciencesThis data package includes the files needed to reproduce the analyses reported in the associated paper: Wang, X. H., Wu, W., Jian, S. G. Transcriptome analysis of two radiated Cycas species and its utilization on species delimitation in Cycas taiwaniana complex.