cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.q6bq8sm
title: Data from: Avian vulnerability to wind farm collision through the year: insights from lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus) tracked from multiple breeding colonies

description: 1. Wind energy generation has become an important means to reduce reliance
 on fossil fuels and mitigate against human-induced climate change, but
 could also represent a significant human-wildlife conflict. Airborne taxa
 such as birds may be particularly sensitive to collision mortality with
 wind turbines, yet the relative vulnerability of species’ populations
 across their annual life cycles has not been evaluated. 2. Using GPS
 telemetry, we studied the movements of lesser black-backed gulls Larus
 fuscus from three UK breeding colonies through their annual cycle. We
 modelled the distance travelled by birds at altitudes between the minimum
 and maximum rotor sweep zone of turbines, combined with the probability of
 collision, to estimate sensitivity to collision. Sensitivity was then
 combined with turbine density (exposure) to evaluate spatio-temporal
 vulnerability. 3. Sensitivity was highest near to colonies during the
 breeding season, where a greater distance travelled by birds was in
 concentrated areas where they were exposed to turbines. 4. Consequently,
 vulnerability was high near to colonies but was also high at some
 migration bottlenecks and wintering sites where, despite a reduced
 sensitivity, exposure to turbines was greatest. 5. Synthesis and
 applications. Our framework combines bird-borne telemetry and spatial data
 on the location of wind turbines to identify potential areas of conflict
 for migratory populations throughout their annual cycle. This approach can
 aid the wind farm planning process by: (1) providing sensitivity maps to
 inform wind farm placement, helping minimise impacts; (2) identifying
 areas of high vulnerability where mitigation warrants exploration; (3)
 highlighting potential cumulative impacts of developments over
 international boundaries; and (4) informing the conservation status of
 species at protected sites. Our methods can identify pressures and
 linkages for populations using effect-specific metrics that are
 transferable and could help resolve other human-wildlife conflicts.
description: Gridded tracking data
 for estimation of sensitivity and vulnerability of Lesser Black-backed
 Gulls (Larus fuscus) to wind farm collision riskMetrics derived from GPS
 telemetry of individual Lesser Black-backed Gulls (Larus fuscus)
 throughout the year at three UK breeding colonies. Data are summarised per
 grid square across the spatial range of birds. Metrics in the file include
 the mean time spent and mean speed of travel per square for all movements,
 in flight activity, and for movements within the collision risk window
 (CRW) - see associated readme file. Mean distances travelled per square in
 the CRW are then calculated for each square and are used to estimate
 spatio-temporal sensitivity.Thaxter_et_al_JAE_gridded_tracking_data.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dr2qr81
title: Data from: Combined effects of ocean acidification and temperature on larval and juvenile growth, development and swimming performance of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

description: Ocean acidification and ocean warming (OAW) are simultaneously occurring
 and could pose ecological challenges to marine life, particularly early
 life stages of fish that, although they are internal calcifiers, have
 poorly developed acid-base regulation. This study assessed the effect of
 projected OAW on key fitness traits (growth, development and swimming
 ability) in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae and juveniles.
 Starting at 2 days post-hatch (dph), larvae were exposed to one of three
 levels of PCO₂ (650, 1150, 1700 µatm; pH 8.0, 7.8, 7.6) at either a cold
 (15°C) or warm (20°C) temperature. Growth rate, development stage and
 critical swimming speed (Ucrit) were repeatedly measured as sea bass grew
 from 0.6 to ~10.0 (cold) or ~14.0 (warm) cm body length. Exposure to
 different levels of PCO₂ had no significant effect on growth, development
 or Ucrit of larvae and juveniles. At the warmer temperature, larvae
 displayed faster growth and deeper bodies. Notochord flexion occurred at
 0.8 and 1.2 cm and metamorphosis was completed at an age of ~45 and ~60
 days post-hatch for sea bass in the warm and cold treatments,
 respectively. Swimming performance increased rapidly with larval
 development but better swimmers were observed in the cold treatment,
 reflecting a potential trade-off between fast grow and swimming ability. A
 comparison of the results of this and other studies on marine fish
 indicates that the effects of OAW on the growth, development and swimming
 ability of early life stages are species-specific and that generalizing
 the impacts of climate-driven warming or ocean acidification is not
 warranted.
description: Ucrit data larvae sea
 bassUdrict data measured in
 the European sea bass larvae from 17 to 56 days-post-hatch (dph) reared at
 a combination of two temperature (15°C and 20°C) and three PCO2 levels
 (ambient, ~1000 µatm and ~1700µatm).ucrit4.csvUcrit data juvenile sea bassUcrit data measured in the European sea bass juvenile reared under a combination of two temperature (15°C and 20°C) and two PCO2 levels (ambient, ~1700µatm)ucrit_juv.csv
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/14641951
title: Peer-to-Peer Boliviano (BOB) Exchange Data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f275p48
title: Data from: Individual asymmetry as a predictor of fitness in the bat Carollia perspicillata

description: The measurement of fitness in wild populations is a challenging task, and
 a number of proxies have been proposed with different degrees of success.
 Developmental instability/stability (DI) is an organismal property
 associated with variance in bilateral asymmetry (fluctuating asymmetry –
 FA), and a correlated effect on fitness. This study provides evidence to
 corroborate the hypothesis that asymmetry partly reflects DI and is
 correlated with a reduction in fitness measured by survival and
 reproduction in bats. We studied two Colonies of the bat Carollia
 perspicillata in Southeastern Brazil over five years, marking and
 recapturing individuals. Gaussian mixture models for signed forearm
 asymmetry distribution indicated that ~20% of asymmetry variation was due
 to DI heterogeneity among individuals. Forearm Asymmetry (ForA), Body
 Condition (Scaled Mass Index – SMI) and Forearm Length (ForL) were used as
 predictors of survival probability in Cormack-Jolly-Seber models.
 Asymmetry was negatively associated with survival, whereas SMI and ForL
 were positively associated. The male C. perspicillata defend sites within
 the roost that are favoured by female harems, but there are mating
 opportunities for bachelor males, leading to both territorial disputes and
 sperm competition. As predicted by sexual selection, ForA was negatively
 associated with relative Testicle Length, a measure of reproductive
 potential. In females, ForA was negatively associated with the probability
 of two pregnancies (as opposed to one) in a given breeding season. The
 effect magnitudes and directions of associations suggest that asymmetry,
 even though not perfectly reflecting DI variation, is a useful predictor
 for fitness components in C. perspicillata.
description: Data files and
 supplementary information for Monteiro et al.R scripts and data files
 associated with Monteiro et al. Individual asymmetry as a predictor of
 fitness in the bat Carollia perspicillata. All files are in text format.
 Data files description details are embedded within the files or in the R
 script (.R).SupplDataMonteiroetal.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5c468bn
title: Data from: Carry-over effects of resource competition and social environment on aggression

description: Aggressive behavior is common in many species and is often adaptive
 because it enables individuals to gain access to limited resources.
 However, aggression is also highly plastic and the degree of plasticity
 could be influenced by factors such as resource limitation and the social
 environment. In this study, we examined how the effects of social
 experience and resource limitation could persist to affect future
 aggressive interactions. Using naturally inbred strains of Drosophila
 melanogaster that differ in aggressiveness, we manipulated the level of
 available resources by varying fly density (2 treatments: high and low per
 capita resources) and group composition by varying strain frequency (5
 treatments: homogeneous strains, or mixed at 1:3, 1:1 or 3:1 ratios of the
 more aggressive to less aggressive strain). For each treatment group, we
 measured aggression before and after flies were placed through a 4-day
 period of fixed resources. There was no consistent effect of resource
 competition on aggression. Instead, changes in aggression depended on
 resource availability in combination with group composition. In
 homogeneous groups made up of only one strain, all males became more
 aggressive following the fixed resource period, regardless of fly density.
 In mixed strain treatments at high density, we observed plastic shifts in
 aggression of males from both strains, but the direction of plastic
 responses depended on social composition. Our results show that aggression
 may not only be influenced by the intensity of previous competitive
 experiences caused by resource limitation, but also through social effects
 caused by the composition of the group.
description: Data for Carry-over
 effects of resource competition and social environment on
 aggressionAggression data for
 focal and opponent flies and data on aggression by ageData for Carryover effects of
 resource competition and social environment on
 aggression.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qv5p3r8
title: Data from: Meta‐analyzing the likely cross‐species responses to climate change

description: Ecological Niche Models (ENMs) have different performances in predicting
 potential geographic distributions. Here we meta-analyzed the likely
 effects of climate change on the potential geographic distribution of 1205
 bird species from the Neotropical region, modeled using eight ENMs and
 three Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (AOGCM). We considered
 the variability in ENMs performance to estimate a weighted mean difference
 between potential geographic distributions for baseline and future
 climates. On average, potential future ranges were projected to be 25.7%
 to 44.5% smaller than current potential ranges across species. However, we
 found that 0.2% to 18.3% of the total variance in range shifts occurred
 “within species” (i.e. owing to the use of different modeling techniques
 and climate models) and 81.7% to 99.8% remained between species (i.e. it
 could be explained by ecological correlates). Using meta-analytical
 techniques akin to regression we also showed that potential range shifts
 are barely predicted by bird biological traits. We demonstrated that one
 can combine and reduce species-specific effects with high uncertainty in
 ENMs and also explore potential causes of climate change effect on species
 using meta-analytical tools. We also highlight that the search for
 powerful correlates of climate change-induced range shifts can be a
 promising line of investigation.
description: Range extent for bird
 speciesThis file contains the
 extents of occurrence (range filling) for 1205 Neotropical bird
 species.SM1_Metabirds.xlsR scriptR script for effect sizes computation and data-analyses built in R version 3.5.1SM2_script_metabirds.RNeotropical bird consensus phylogenyThis Neotropical bird consensus phylogeny was estimated from 10,000 random phylogenetic trees with 'Hackett constraint' for the backbone topology from Jetz et al. (2012; Nature, 491, 444–448. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11631) available in https://birdtree.org/. The function ‘consensus.edges’ of ‘phytools’ package (Revell, 2012; Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 3, 217–223. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2041-210X.2011.00169.x) to build the consensus phylogeny.phy_consensus.txt
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4p9t6v7
title: Data from: Size and density mediate transitions between competition and facilitation

description: Species simultaneously compete with and facilitate one another. Size can
 mediate transitions along this competition-facilitation continuum, but the
 consequences for demography are unclear. We orthogonally manipulated the
 size of a focal species, and the size and density of a heterospecific
 neighbour, in the field using a model marine system. We then parameterised
 a size-structured population model with our experimental data. We found
 that heterospecific size and density interactively altered the population
 dynamics of the focal species. Size determined whether heterospecifics
 facilitated (when small) or competed with (when large) the focal species,
 while density strengthened these interactions. These size-mediated
 interactions also altered the pace of the focal’s life history. We provide
 the first demonstration that size and density mediate competition and
 facilitation from a population dynamical perspective. We suspect such
 effects are ubiquitous, but currently underappreciated. We reiterate
 classic cautions against inferences about competitive hierarchies made in
 the absence of size-specific data.
description: Watersipora performance
 dataExperimental data of the
 key demographic rates (survival, growth, reproduction and fecundity) for
 our focal species (Watersipora) under various heterospecific (Bugula) size
 and density regimes in the field.Bryozoan.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kf160cj
title: Data from: Ecological, biophysical and production effects of incorporating rest into grazing regimes: a global meta-analysis

description: 1. Grazing can have considerable ecological impacts when managed
 inappropriately, however livestock production is a significant contributor
 to global food security and the removal of land from production is not
 always a viable option. Grazing management practices that incorporate
 periods of planned rest (i.e. strategic-rest grazing) may be an
 alternative that could achieve ecological and animal production outcomes
 simultaneously. 2. We conducted a meta-analysis of global literature to
 investigate how strategic-rest grazing mediates ecological (i.e., plant
 richness and diversity), biophysical (plant biomass and ground cover) and
 production response variables (animal weight gain, animal production per
 hectare-1) compared to continuously grazed or ungrazed areas. 3. We show
 that rest periods are important to grazing sustainability and production.
 Overall, total ground cover and animal production per ha-1 were
 significantly greater under strategic-rest grazing than continuous grazing
 management, but biomass, plant richness, plant diversity and animal weight
 gain did not differ between grazing treatments. Increasing the length of
 rest relative to graze time under strategic-rest grazing was associated
 with an increase in plant biomass, ground cover, animal weight gain and
 animal production per ha-1 when compared to continuous grazing. 4.
 Synthesis & applications. If managed appropriately, livestock
 grazing may be compatible with maintaining both ecological and production
 outcomes. Understanding both the ecological and animal production
 trade-offs associated with different grazing management strategies is
 essential to make informed decisions about best-management practices for
 the world’s grazing lands.
description: Data for manuscript
 'Ecological, biophysical and production effects of incorporating rest
 into grazing regimes: A global meta-analysis'Dataset for manuscript
 "Ecological, biophysical and production effects of incorporating rest
 into grazing regimes: a global meta-analysis"McDonald, Lawrence, Kendall,
 Rader - data for manuscript 'Ecological, biophysical and production
 effects of incorporating rest into grazing regimes a global
 meta-analysis'.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.hs0r9c4
title: Data from: Predicting impact of a biocontrol agent: Integrating distribution modelling with climate-dependent vital rates

description: Species distribution models can predict the suitable climatic range of a
 potential biological control agent (BCA), but they provide little
 information on the BCA's potential impact. To predict high population
 build-up, a pre-requisite of impact, studies are needed which assess the
 effect of environmental factors on vital rates of a BCA across the
 environmental gradient of the BCA’s suitable habitats, especially for the
 region where the BCA is considered for field release. We extended a
 published species distribution model with climate-dependent vital rates of
 Ophraella communa, a recently and accidentally introduced potential BCA of
 common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Europe. In field and laboratory
 experiments, we collected data on climate-dependent parameters assumed to
 be the most relevant for the population build-up of O. communa, i.e.
 temperature driving the number of generations per year and relative
 humidity (RH) determining egg hatching success. We found that O. communa
 concluded one generation in 334 cumulative degree days, and that egg
 hatching success strongly decreased from &gt;80% to &lt;20% when
 RH drops from 55% to 45% during the day. We used these values to spatially
 explicitly project population densities across the European range suitable
 for both common ragweed and the beetle and found that the present
 distribution of the beetle in Europe is within the range with the highest
 projected population growth. The highest population density of O. communa
 was predicted for northern Italy and parts of western Russia and western
 Georgia. Field observations of high impact on common ragweed with records
 of 80% aerial pollen reduction in the Milano area since the establishment
 of O. communa are in line with these predictions. The relative importance
 of temperature and RH on the population density of O. communa varies
 considerably across its suitable range in Europe. We propose that the
 combined statistical and mechanistic approach outlined in this paper helps
 to more accurately predict the potential impact of a weed BCA than a
 species distribution model alone. Identifying the factors limiting the
 population build-up of a BCA across the suitable range allows
 implementation of more targeted release and management strategies to
 optimize biocontrol efficacy.
description: CDD_Ophraella_communaCalculation of cumulative degree days that Ophraella communa needs to conclude one generation.Hatching_success_Ophraella_communaData from a laboratory experiment to deduce relative humidity dependent egg mortality of Ophraella communaCombine_SDM_and_vital_ratesR script which shows how we combined a species distribution model with vital rates
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4kd3dq5
title: Data from: Genetics of adaptation: experimental test of a biotic mechanism driving divergence in traits and genes

description: The genes underlying adaptations are becoming known, yet the causes of
 selection on genes -- a key step in the study of the genetics of
 adaptation -- remains uncertain. We address this issue experimentally in a
 threespine stickleback species pair showing exaggerated divergence in bony
 defensive armor in association with competition-driven character
 displacement. We used semi-natural ponds to test the role of a native
 predator in causing divergent evolution of armor and two known underlying
 genes. Predator presence/absence altered selection on dorsal spines and
 allele frequencies at the Msx2a gene across a generation. Evolutionary
 trajectories of alleles at a second gene, Pitx1, and the pelvic spine
 trait it controls, were more variable. Our experiment demonstrates how
 manipulation of putative selective agents help to identify causes of
 evolutionary divergence at key genes, rule out phenotypic plasticity as a
 sole determinant of phenotypic differences, and eliminate reliance on
 fitness surrogates. Divergence of predation regimes in sympatric
 stickleback is associated with coevolution in response to resource
 competition, implying a cascade of biotic interactions driving species
 divergence. We suggest that as divergence proceeds, an increasing number
 of biotic interactions generate divergent selection, causing more
 evolution in turn. In this way, biotic adaptation perpetuates species
 divergence through time during adaptive radiation in an expanding number
 of traits and genes.
description: linkage map
 filecombined_maps.mapf2infofinalpedgenotype_selectionind_sexind_sex2joinmaplinkage mapping all fam fixed markersmsx2_ben_lim_coded_genotypesP5P11.fixedgenoP5P11.phenoP5P11allfamfixedP6P7.fixedgenoP6P7.phenoP6P7allfamfixedP8P10.fixedgenoP8P10.phenoP8P10allfamfixedP12P14.fixedgenoP12P14.phenoP12P14allfamfixedPedigree R scriptPhenotype_finalPhenotype_size_correctionPhenotypic_selectionphenotypic_trajectorypitx1_ben_lim_coded_genotypespondsAll.fixedgenopondsAll.phenoqtl mapping all fam fixed markersREADMERqtlSB_stampy_gatk_pipe_v4Size_adjusted_phenotypesvcf2vertical_dep_GATK33_full2
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1gv4k74
title: Data from: Disentangling the effects of environmental conditions on wintering and breeding grounds on age-specific survival rates in a trans-Saharan migratory raptor

description: Migratory species are subject to environmental variability occurring on
 breeding and wintering grounds. Estimating the relative contribution of
 environmental factors experienced sequentially during breeding and
 wintering, and their potential interaction, to the variation of survival
 is crucial to predict population viability of migratory species. Here we
 investigated this issue for the Montagu's harrier Circus pygargus, a
 trans-Saharan migrant. We analysed capture-recapture data from a 29-yr
 long monitoring of wing-tagged offspring and adults at two study sites in
 France (Rochefort-RO & Maine-et-Loire-ML). The study period covers
 a climatic shift occurring in the Sahel with increasing rainfall following
 a period of droughts (Sahel greening). We found that harriers’ adult
 survival in RO (between 1988 and 2005) varied over time and was sensitive
 to the interaction between the amount of rainfall in the Sahel and the
 annual mean breeding success, two proxies of prey availability. The
 occurrence of adverse conditions on breeding and wintering grounds in the
 same year decreased survival from 0.70-0.77 to 0.48 ± 0.05. Juvenile
 survival in RO was slightly more sensitive to conditions in Europe than in
 the Sahel. Unexpectedly, lower survival rates were found in years with
 higher mean breeding success, suggesting compensatory density feedbacks
 may operate. By contrast, adult survival in ML, monitored between 1999 and
 2017, was higher compared to RO (0.76 ± 0.03 vs. 0.66 ± 0.02), remained
 constant and unaffected by any proxy of prey availability. This difference
 seems consistent with the fact that harriers in ML experienced better and
 especially less variable environmental conditions during breeding and
 wintering seasons compared to RO. Overall, we showed that survival of a
 migratory bird is sensitive to the level of variability in environmental
 conditions and that adverse conditions on wintering grounds can amplify
 the negative effects of conditions during the previous breeding season on
 birds’ survival.
description: Capture-recapture
 datasets with environmental covariatesFiles gathering
 capture-recapture data of Montagu's harrier for each site (RO, adults
 and juveniles, ML adults only). Are included the environmental covariates
 for breeding and wintering grounds used for the Capture-recapture analyses
 (standardised values). Appropriate format for analyses with E-Surge. One
 sheet per data set (adult ML, adult RO, juvenile RO, see methods of the
 article).CR
 datasets with environmental covariates
 .xlsx