cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/d1vumn
title: Monitor Forest height growth using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) canopy height models from 2005 to 2018 at the Petawawa Research Forest

description: Monitoring the growth of trees is important for sustainable forest management. The traditional method of monitoring forest growth at a broad level is timber cruising by humans, while modern remote sensing technology, especially Lidar, is usually used for monitoring at the single-tree level or stand-level. This paper uses airborne Light Detection and Ranging (airborne LiDAR, i.e. airborne laser scanning (ALS)) data from 2005, 2012, 2016, and 2018 and forest survey data in 2007 from the Petawawa research forest (Ontario, Canada) to monitor the tree height growth through a time series and build relationships between stand ages and dominant tree heights (DHs). On the area covered by all the data obtained, the entire forest can be divided into 4 landcover types (Early Seral, Mid-Seral, Mature and Old Growth) based on stand ages and 3 classification types (Grown, Disturbed, and Misclassified) based on the variation of DHs in the time series. 61% of the forest is grown and only 0.97% is misclassified, which proves this methodology a valid tool for land cover classification. The relationships between stand ages and DH for each landcover type and the whole grown forest are very reliable because their adjusted R2s are greater than 0.88.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/09gteu
title: Relating Forest Fire Occurrences to Diurnal Land Surface Temperature Anomalies in Victoria, Australia from 2001 to 2019

description: Victoria, Australia has suffered from forest fire for a long period, and forest cover account for almost 25% of land cover. Therefore, it is significant to control fire events especially predict the fire burning effectively. Land surface temperature (LST) anomaly, as an important index, may build a relationship with fire occurrences to help fire management. In this dataset, the range is from 2001 to 2019 in January, the fire season peak, of LST anomaly. Through analysis of time series of LST anomaly, fire events occurred frequency as well as causes of fire, more spatiotemporal information was provided. Results have shown that there is no linear relationship between LST anomaly and fire occurrences, but time series of LST anomaly before fire events show a significant trend.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/qri93b
title: Autocorrelation between Fuel Type Fragmentation and Fire Severity at the Elephant Hill wildfire in British Columbia

description: Geospatial analyses focused on quantifying fuel types fragmentation and its autocorrelation with megafire severity inform decision making in contexts such as forest management and human activities regulation. Fuel type fragmentation plays a crucial role in fire severity contribution. I evaluated the landscape and class level fragmentation of fuel types in two maps: FuelSat (derived from remote sensing) and a completely randomized map. Specifically, the C-2 (Boreal Spruce), C-3 (Mature Pine), slash, and standing grass were targeted for class level metrics calculation. Fire behavior could be described in two terms – burn probability and fire intensity. Flammability (burn probability) represent the likelihood of a given location on landscape burning, while the fire intensity is the rate of heat energy released by the fire. Burn probability and fire intensity of those four target classes were extracted from landscapes (FuelSat and Random). Boxplots were created to visualize the difference between burn probability and fire intensity of four classes from FuelSat and Random, respectively. Results indicated higher fragmentated fuel types would lower the fire intensity generally, but resulted in more extreme events. It was not evident that fuel type fragmentation has significant impacts on burn probability. Moran’s I was computed and did indicate there was autocorrelation between fuel fragmentation and fire intensity. It helps fill the gap in forest fire prediction by considering effects of fuel fragmentation.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/che67k
title: Linking spectral recovery from remote sensing to ground observations at the Elephant Hill wildfire

description: The 2017 Elephant Hill wildfire is considered as one of the most destructive fires in Canada. Wildfires are a major ecosystem disturbance which also causes residential displacement and financial loss. Monitoring vegetation recovery following wildfires becomes crucial to rebuilding the local community and ecological system. Since recovery rates may have discrepancies between ground data and remote sensing data, this project aimed to investigate if the post-fire spectral recovery based on Landsat time series analysis can accurately capture vegetation recovery as ground plots indicate. A total of 20 Landsat scenes with the 30-meter resolution from a year before to three years after the fire event were used to analyze the spectral recovery at the Elephant Hill region. Two spectral indicators were calculated in the analysis including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized burn ratio (NBR). Clear spectral recovery patterns were observed from resulting maps and time series scatterplots while there was a significant decline of NDVI and NBR in the year of 2017. NDVI and NBR values have been gradually increasing after the fire and reached pre-fire pixel values by the year 2020. However, the results did not find any significant relationships between the NDVI / NBR values and vegetation cover percentage. Since this research focused on understory recovery with almost half of the plots having greater than 30% of crown closure, it is challenging to evaluate ground vegetation types and coverage in detail with 30-meter-spatial-resolution data. Therefore, the future study can consider sampling ground data with low canopy cover every year.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/gmflqk
title: How does vegetation fragmentation affect urban carbon stock in City of Vancouver, Canada

description: Urban vegetation acts as an extremely important carbon stock to store carbon. Although many studies have investigated the relationship between urban vegetation and carbon stocks, few of them closely examine the phenomenon of vegetation fragmentation in urban areas and how it affects the carbon stock. Therefore, this project investigates how vegetation fragmentation affects carbon stocks in the City of Vancouver using GIS analytic tools. To do so, ArcGIS Pro was used to modify and analyze remotely sensed data of Vancouver. Land cover data were reclassified and clipped within the Vancouver dissemination area (DA) boundary to generate a new raster contain only the vegetation data of Vancouver. This raster was then inputted into FRAGSTATS to calculate aggregation metrics that quantify the fragmentation. After that, the aggregation metrics were joined with the carbon data and put back to the Vancouver dissemination area boundary. Geographically weighted regression was then used to compute a statistical model to analyze the relationship between carbon and fragmentation of each DA. The statistical model shows a strong positive relationship between carbon and fragmentation and has an overall adjusted R squared value of 0.77, suggesting a strong relationship. The results suggest that higher fragmentation is associated with lower carbon density and thus smaller carbon stock. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that city planning takes the spatial distribution and composition of urban vegetation into consideration. Furthermore, the study also found that some smaller vegetation patches have very high carbon density even though their area is small. Therefore, mid to large-scale parks and other infrastructure that provide decent areas of closely aggregated trees may be promoted as their contribution to the urban carbon stock are effective and significant.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/el6x3t
title: Using Repeat-Pass Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) Data to Compare Wildfire Induced Geomorphic Change Across Different Burn Severities in the Cariboo Region, British Columbia

description: Wildfires remove vegetation and alter soil conditions resulting in increased susceptibility of ground surfaces to erosion, especially over periods of heavy precipitation. Geomorphic changes that are influenced by wildfire occurrence can evolve into hazardous natural events like landslides and flows that pose the risk of human fatality and costly infrastructural damage. We compare light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data time series to identify and compare landscape geomorphic change in burned and unburned areas in the William’s Lake area of the Cariboo Region of British Columbia following the 2017 wildfires. To identify pre and post-fire changes we interpolate the LiDAR data into digital elevation models (DEMs) and generate DEMs of difference. We stratify the changes by areal size, slope class, and burn severity. With this information, we compare event occurrence between burn severity using a negative binomial regression followed by an ad-hoc pairwise comparison test. The results did not support our hypothesis that higher burn severities would have significantly greater evidence of geomorphic change occurrence across event size and slope class. The majority of the significant pairs were between the unburned and burned classes with 17 significant relationships, while there was only one significant relationship between the burn classes (low, medium, and high). On the steepest slopes (35° &gt;), there were no significant relationships across the size classes, possibly due to a lack of initial vegetation. By characterizing the differences in geomorphic event occurrence between burn severities we can better understand the impact that wildfires can have on geomorphic change. This could lead to improvements in post-wildfire hazard and risk assessments and may induce amendments to the current assessment methodology in British Columbia.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/kyvqwm
title: Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-based Forest Inventory and Land Classification Map 2020 of the University of British Columbia (UBC) Vancouver Campus

description: As urban forest provides ecological, social, and economic values to the residents, forest inventory can monitor forest health. Based on the land classification map, the campus planning team pays attention to tree health in the public green space of the University of British Columbia (UBC) campus in Vancouver, Canada. Working together, the forest inventory and land classification map are the priorities of urban planning and forest health in UBC. In order to solve the knowledge gap of no current inventory and land classification map on campus, this study aimed to update the UBC tree inventory and land classification map. R algorithms extracted individual trees’ parameters and metrics like tree height and crown area using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data 2018 by the City of Vancouver. The author applied random forest classification to determine the tree species (coniferous/deciduous) with the metrics. Four major land cover types were classified by the supervised classification scheme using the UBC orthophoto 2020. The results show that there are 14165 trees (crown diameter more than 4 m) on campus, and the height estimation by the LiDAR method had an overall accuracy of 80% comparing to the field data. The campus’s total vegetation cover was 44% that is higher than the cities in Great Vancouver. The land classification map shows that most of the vegetation cover is on the southern campus. Considering the campus’s topography, coniferous trees on the southwest campus provided potential ecological implications of water retention and preventing soil erosion. The study provided the basis for future studies of trees, vegetation, and UBC Vancouver Campus land planning.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/xobm8p
title: Mapping Mangrove Forest Land Cover Change in Kampong Som Bay, Cambodia from 2015 to 2020

description: Mangrove forests are productive and biologically complex ecosystems that provide a wide range of environmental services and supply people with numerous goods. Growing in a variety of depths of salty water, mangrove forests play a significant role in supporting the coastal communities along Cambodia’s 440 kilometer-long coastline. However, mangrove forests in Cambodia have experienced great losses due to the impacts of intensive human activities. Although the human-driven mangrove losses in Cambodia have declined, the recent coverage change of mangrove forests needs to be evaluated for implementing effective regional ecological restoration programs. This study assessed the land cover change and fragmentation level of mangrove forests in Kampong Som Bay, Cambodia from 2015 to 2020. Using a combination of unsupervised and supervised classifications on Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS Level-2 satellite imageries, this study identified that 19,929 ha of mangrove forests remained unchanged, while 2,799 ha of mangrove forests were converted to other land cover types. The key driver of mangrove loss was the expansion of soil class, which could be explained by multiple human activities like rice agriculture and urban development. Based on the computation results of four landscape metrics, the mean patch size of mangrove increased but the shape of mangrove patches became more complex over time. To implement policies that conserve mangrove forests in Kampong Som Bay, it is essential to consider the deforestation occurring on the edge of mangrove patches.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/4wynm9
title: Using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and Google Earth imagery to identify whether ponds are connected to stable ground water inputs

description: The Rangeland Department in the Kamloops District from the Government of British Columbia has recently raised concerns regarding the observation on the reduction of the number and the surface area of the grassland ponds in the Lac du Bois Grasslands Protected Area. This study aims to distinguish between the ponds with stable groundwater inputs (i.e. connected ponds) and the ponds with unstable groundwater inputs (i.e. perched ponds) to assist the government in determining reliable water sources. This research started by categorizing ponds with different surface areas as either low resilience or threatened resilience. Different terrain models were created using Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data in addition to the calculation of the topographic wetness index (TWI). The classifications were validated using Google Earth and drone imagery. An overall of 121 ponds was discovered with 86 of them considered as low resilience, while the remaining 27 ponds being threatened resilience. For the low resilience ponds, 19 of them were identified as perched ponds, 47 as connected ponds, and 20 as intermediate ponds with the risk of having unstable groundwater connection that requires further analysis in the field. For the threatened resilience ponds, 5 of them were found to be perched ponds, 17 as connected ponds, and 5 as intermediate ponds. The outcome of the pond distribution indicates that the perched ponds were more likely to be found in an area with a flat slope, surrounded by grass, and low canopy coverage. Additionally, the calculated TWI was unable to differentiate between the pond types as the median groundwater levels are spatially dependent on the local topographic features.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/tlb8jy
title: Grassland Loss Caused by Forest Encroachment in British Columbia from 2015 to 2020

description: As a province dominated by forests and mountains, British Columbia (BC) has relatively sparse grasslands accounting for less than one percent of the province area. The BC grasslands have disappeared in large numbers since European settled, and forest encroachment is one of the main reasons for the loss of grasslands. This project aims to study the amount of BC grassland that disappeared due to forest encroachment from 2015 based on the latest data of BC grassland in 2020. Sentinel-2 for southern BC was used for random forest classification to determine the extent of forests and grasslands. The obtained grassland extents were combined with grassland-related data from the BC data catalog to create the most recent grassland map of 2020. Finally, the amount of grassland lost due to forest encroachment in the southern interior of BC was confirmed by comparing with the 2015 grassland extent data. The results show that 1,565.5 hectares of grassland were lost in B.C. compared to 2015, with 829.7 hectares lost to forest encroachment in the southern interior. This study can help the BC government and the Grassland Conservation Council of British Columbia (GCC) update and understand the current range of BC grasslands, and provide the location and quantification of grassland loss, and the BC government can carry out grassland protection actions based on this.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/fvq6vb
title: The Relationship between Land Surface Temperature Anomalies and Fire Occurrence in Cariboo Region in 2017

description: Wildfires can disrupt forest ecosystem, leading to a deterioration of the air quality, and loss of resources, property animals and people. Understanding the driving factors and the spatial distribution of wildfire benefits local forest fire management planning and resource allocation for fire suppression. To analyze how the land surface temperature (LST) anomaly is related to fire frequency, a fire dataset including more than 400 fires occurred in Cariboo region and a daily LST anomaly dataset based on historical MODIS observations were gathered and processed. Daily LST anomaly images on the preceding 3 days of different fire dates were extracted and associated with each fire event. Besides, a fuel type dataset was also included for evaluating the effect of fuels to fire danger. It was found that as the fire day approached, the median of LST anomaly would grow and a significant relationship (p-value = 3.22e-15) was shown between the anomaly value before and on the fire events day. Meanwhile, fires were more likely to happen when the temperature was about 1.5 degree hotter than average. The relationship was not obvious between fuel type groups and the degree of change in LST anomaly. The findings of this study can be applied as complementary guidance for fire risk prediction that facilitate preventive measures of wildfire.
DOI: 10.5683/sp2/1uyfdt
title: Burning In The Muskwa-Kechika Management Area – Halfway Region: Quantifying Landscape Structure Using Historical Aerial Photographs

description: Landscape configuration and composition change are common in rangeland management areas where burning is used to maintain grasslands on slopes. However, little is known about the spatial character of patches within landscapes. The spatial character of landscape patches can be used to link landcover patterns to fire occurrences. We conducted a study to examine the composition and configuration of landscape as a link between landcover types and fires in the Halfway Region – Muskwa Kechika Management Area (M-KMA) in British Columbia. We used historical aerial photos to characterize historical landcover changes and patterns. Historical aerial images from two time periods (1963 and1999) were segmented into homogenous landcover patches and classified into six landcover classes (water, bare land, grassland, shrubs, deciduous, coniferous) using the support vector machine algorithm. Class level landscape metrics as the number of patches (NP), percentage landscape (PLAND), mean patch size (AERA_MN) were computed to quantify landscape configuration and composition. Coniferous land cover increased from ~8% to ~30% from 1963 to 1999, replacing deciduous as the dominant land. Deciduous had a 27% negative change in the land cover area, with ~85% attributed to burning. Homogenous patches were observed for shrublands with an increase in PLAND while its number of patches decreased. Grasslands and bare land PLAND decreased in size over time, whereas their mean patch size increased. Despite the challenges in geoprocessing historical aerial photos due to differences in tone and texture properties, aerial photos contain information dating many years back, making them valuable in quantifying landscape landcover patterns. aerial photographs, landscape configuration, land cover, burning, muskwa kechika management area, remote sensing
DOI: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc25sv50
title: CCDC 2019872: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Jixin Li, Zhirong Cui, Yongyi Li, Chunhua Han, Yanqiu Zhang, Pengfei Tang, Letian Cui, Hao Zhang, Jun Luo, Lingyi Kong|2022|Chin.Chem.Lett.|33|4257|doi:10.1016/j.cclet.2022.01.084
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/aik19m
title: convention.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/byrmkk
title: tough.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/cupnvm
title: hastily.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/mp3qqk
title: genie.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/oyht2x
title: hassle.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/sthegj
title: average.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/wjcagy
title: cyclic.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/4mxwk6
title: racer.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/82wf7o
title: eight.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/pfpkbk
title: guideposts.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/ucimph
title: windbreaker.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/ugxooi
title: dressings.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/xspiys
title: chicken.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/zrdcov
title: trashcan.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/0k6lwf/urvsnk
title: README.md

description: Replication instructions
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/0k6lwf/xtsnyc
title: data.tar.gz

description: Compressed folder that contains all data required for the replication
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/bhqczx
title: homogenized.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/cqruoj
title: demographic.tsv

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DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/m4bjpl
title: concede.wav

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DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/owomyr
title: apprise.tsv

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DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/vt4max
title: aggravating.tsv

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DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/w78myt
title: chinaware.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/8jucsn
title: leaked.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/mdvegz
title: mania.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/o3bx6a
title: writes.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/ofiqkl
title: curse.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/vhhcbe
title: worm.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/wdhjqj
title: etymology.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/uyshst/7bhb4r
title: state-files.zip

description: State-specific results with federal, statewide, legislative, and local races in long format
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/7my6eq
title: crusade.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/c0lot0
title: overseeing.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/feqd9e
title: avenging.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/o1u9wa
title: blonde.wav

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DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/qzqknh
title: cafes.tsv

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/waujep
title: questioner.tsv

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DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/yqhp3g
title: sop.wav

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/uyshst/eqy3bg
title: codebook.txt

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/uyshst/l7x1ny
title: national-files.zip

description: Nationwide governor, Senate, and House results in long and wide formats
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/uyshst/ns2rpo
title: notes.txt

description: :unav
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/uyshst/ysyulu
title: all-offices.tab

description: List of all offices available in the state-specific files
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/0rccwg
title: discussion.wav

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DOI: 10.7910/dvn/n1klnv/i4fabg
title: improvement.tsv

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