cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.3535/ym0-434-mst
title: Fulvia laevigata (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/06k-nq4-1sf
title: Pupilla muscorum (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gbj-08m-m4g
title: Cochlicopa lubricella (Porro, 1838)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gtk-58w-fwr
title: Ensis magnus Schumacher, 1817

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/wg1-nap-r7k
title: Leptopoma niasense Fulton, 1907

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/4hr-7sh-jsp
title: Valvata piscinalis piscinalis (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/spw-63s-pkk
title: Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/81y-hj7-wvz
title: Vitrina pellucida (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/p0n-yes-wk6
title: Aequipecten opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/q8r-4zr-dtr
title: Euglesa milium (Held, 1836)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/62z-3mr-sm7
title: Planorbis planorbis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/y8b-nae-ywa
title: Tivela damaoides (W. Wood, 1828)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0cb-a3r-r84
title: Assiminea grayana J. Fleming, 1828

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mve-95v-k1f
title: Punctum pygmaeum (Draparnaud, 1801)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.a9cq4g
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 575 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Pyrrhura egregia)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "License is one of (CC-BY 4.0, CC0 1.0)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 575 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006174-250811113504898/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.3535/1fh-069-wgq
title: Flexopecten glaber (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bqg-y0h-sgz
title: Stenomelania uniformis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/d7f-zjc-jd1
title: Anisus vortex (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5pc-1f4-9lw
title: Buccinum undatum Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/nky-dc7-h42
title: Monetaria moneta (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/jwf-v1m-a3z
title: Gyraulus albus (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mnj-nbc-h4x
title: Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/11b-s12-vhg
title: Oxyloma elegans (Risso, 1826)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/s7z-6g9-cqw
title: Hippeutis complanatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1hp-vc6-y7n
title: Viviparus contectus (Millet, 1813)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gc2-a3l-j2n
title: Merdigera obscura (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/l18-sb1-0t4
title: Zonitoides nitidus (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/tvw-4pp-ev3
title: Bithynia leachii (Sheppard, 1823)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/z5v-fwf-bre
title: Cochlicopa lubrica (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ylz-10k-dfm
title: Cerastoderma edule (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/c4g-llx-tmq
title: Vitrina pellucida (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/l9s-7xe-605
title: Vallonia costata (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7x0-1nx-e3g
title: Nucella lapillus (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/jwp-gvp-lhp
title: Semipallium dianae (Crandall, 1979)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/q1m-vw2-r56
title: Vallonia pulchella (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/r4s-s9q-jhe
title: Oxychilus cellarius (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/r7e-ssk-6wb
title: Dosinia hepatica (Lamarck, 1818)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/vgk-5mz-a5h
title: Valvata piscinalis piscinalis (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/x0d-glr-ssd
title: Hemisinus Swainson, 1840

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/6xd-cj0-eg8
title: Euglesa milium (Held, 1836)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/tbb-qpt-hl7
title: Aequipecten opercularis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/y3d-qxc-wb6
title: Bolma henica abyssorum (Schepman, 1908)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9z9-r5c-xw5
title: Ylistrum japonicum (Gmelin, 1791)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/m6p-mb8-bm3
title: Mitromorpha wilhelminae (van Aartsen, Menkhorst & Gittenberger, 1984)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/r03-z0e-x37
title: Euglesa milium (Held, 1836)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xyv-ley-6rd
title: Oxychilus cellarius (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9gy-9me-8m2
title: Oxychilus cellarius (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/z9z-dwd-m58
title: Tellimya ferruginosa (Montagu, 1808)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/085-j7d-4kv
title: Ctena orbiculata (Montagu, 1808)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/fzy-03r-d07
title: Valvata cristata O. F. Müller, 1774

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/wsc-aw7-3d2
title: Euglesa milium (Held, 1836)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/dcg-8wx-66d
title: Cerastoderma edule (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/pdf-ta4-cb3
title: Stellaria solaris (Linnaeus, 1764)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cxn-vt9-w74
title: Cochlicopa lubrica (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ezq-72c-crc
title: Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2na-j4w-30k
title: Talochlamys multistriata (Poli, 1795)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1f0-3pn-dar
title: Vitrea crystallina (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cm1-tbe-ztg
title: Haumea loxoides (G. B. Sowerby III, 1882)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/jsv-2n9-vsn
title: Mieniplotia scabra (O. F. Müller, 1774)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/v1b-8dc-7pw
title: Littorina saxatilis (Olivi, 1792)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5sk-xx5-190
title: Talochlamys gemmulata (Reeve, 1853)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/b4h-j0r-zz8
title: Bractechlamys langfordi (Dall, Bartsch & Rehder, 1938)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/e5n-pm9-sqc
title: Oocorys sulcata P. Fischer, 1884

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/eg5-5rl-n0l
title: Transkeia dubia (Prashad, 1932)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7pc-wr2-45c
title: Alinda biplicata biplicata (Montagu, 1803)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qne-7ye-7wf
title: Codakia tigerina (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/t3l-ezh-2mk
title: Peristernia columbarium (Gmelin, 1791)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/faj-w84-qz3
title: Cyclophorus kibleri Fulton, 1907

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/glg-xcn-a9l
title: Peringia ulvae (Pennant, 1777)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/73g-bbg-5fm
title: Bithynia tentaculata (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/8zb-3rk-2j5
title: Eupaludestrina stagnorum (Gmelin, 1791)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gek-y62-d85
title: Potamopyrgus antipodarum (J. E. Gray, 1843)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/r67-y30-0te
title: Propebela turricula (Montagu, 1803)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/svg-j0q-x9m
title: Vertigo pusilla O. F. Müller, 1774

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cck-t2g-wfl
title: Kurtiella bidentata (Montagu, 1803)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/tad-8y0-46r
title: Mimachlamys varia varia (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ng5-0zm-cfn
title: Euglesa milium (Held, 1836)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/65y-wt1-ycy
title: Euglesa milium (Held, 1836)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/5ac-3kg-4tz
title: Cepaea nemoralis (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/bhn-mld-enw
title: Cerastoderma edule (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/714-g86-db1
title: Armiger crista (Linnaeus, 1758)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.8dw54c
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Melittobia acasta",
 "Country is Italy",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000884-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.7pe2rq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 45765 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is United States of America",
 "TaxonKey is Tsuga canadensis"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 45765 records from 218 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0000882-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112046086
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0221, Spurlock 1913.14.0221

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0221; CDLI P420603 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (10YR 8.5/2) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.4 x 3 x 2,1 cm (25g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.733w3b
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 45 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Alomia callosa (S.Watson) B.L.Rob."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 45 records from 25 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0014914-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ecyakw
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 112691 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Martes foina (Erxleben, 1777)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 112691 records from 681 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0004750-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112046003
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0221, Spurlock 1913.14.0221

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0221; CDLI P420603 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (10YR 8.5/2) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.4 x 3 x 2,1 cm (25g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.56vv47
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 46618 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Fulica leucoptera Vieillot, 1817)",
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Specimen, Human Observation, Observation, Machine Observation)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 46618 records from 32 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0012506-230224095556074/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112046091
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0222, Spurlock 1913.14.0222

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0222; CDLI P420604 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (2.5Y 8/2) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.4 x 3.2 x 1.9 cm (25g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.96fn58
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 9272552 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-80.53646 7.34375,-66.48438 7.34375,-66.48438 12.96875,-80.53646 12.96875,-80.53646 7.34375))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 9272552 records from 1616 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0379001-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.x85cv7
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 37 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Serrapinnus sterbai",
 "DecimalLatitude is not null",
 "DecimalLongitude is not null"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 37 records from 5 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006633-260208012135463/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.vy98g3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 135712 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Tanytarsus",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 135712 records from 210 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006604-260208012135463/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18602450
title: Solar irradiance measurements from Automatic Weather Station (AWS) at Freiburg – Chemiehochhaus (FRCHEM) from 2011-01-01 to 2011-12-31 [L2]

description: Quality controlled and gap-filled continuous solar irradiance measurements from the urban rooftop weather station at Freiburg-Chemiehochhaus (FRCHEM, 7.8486ºE, 48.0011ºN, 323.5 m) operated 2 m above roof level. Solar irradiance is measured using a ventilated pyranometer CM21 (Kipp & Zonen, Delft, Netherlands). 



Quality controlled above-canopy solar irradiance data are available and aggregated at 10min, 30min, hourly, daily, monthly and yearly resolution for the year 2011. Values are averages during the periods shown.

Solar irradiance in this dataset is equal "global irradiance" or "global hemispherical irrandiance" and does not distinguish between direct and diffuse irradiance.

Modeled extraterrestrial irradiance (based on the NOAA General Solar Position Calculations of the NOAA Global Monitoring Division and considering the Earth's elliptical orbit) is provided for comparison, along with the ratio of solar irradiance to extraterrestrial  irradiance at 10min, 30min, hourly, daily, monthly and yearly resolution. Extraterrestrial irradiance is average of period show.

Data in the mid-morning on clear-sky days in summer can be impacted for a few minutes by a guy-wire of the mast, slightly reducing readings. Data from affected periods are not removed. 

Number of hours with solar irradiance >5 W/m2 (daylight hours) and > 120 W/m2 (sometimes used as threshold for "sun hours") provided on daily, monthly, and annual scale.

Number of days with solar irradiance >5 W/m2 (quality check) and > 120 W/m2 ("sun hours") provided on monthly, and annual scale.

Detailed information on gap-filled data is provided.

Note: All times are provided in UTC, not local time.


For more details read `FRCHEM_2011_SolarIrradiance_MetaData.txt`.
description: COPYRIGHT



Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International. Copyright Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Professur für Umweltmeteorologie, Werthmannstrasse 10, Freiburg, Germany.


CREATOR

This work is owned by the University of Freiburg.

ATTRIBUTION

The [creation and] curation of this work has been funded by the University of Freiburg.

DISCLAIMER

The use of the work is at the user's own risk. The authors and/or the University of Freiburg accept no liability for material or non-material damage arising from the use or non-use or from the use of incorrect or incomplete information in this work. The authors and/or the University of Freiburg are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information in this work. The legal provisions remain unaffected.