DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15880153
title: Automatic and manual database of the Very Long Period of Stromboli Volcano Island

description: # VLP Signal Detection Database (2007–2024)

 

This repository provides data supporting the study:

 

Gammaldi, S., Donne, D.D., Cantiello, P. et al. A near real-time framework for monitoring very-long-period signals at volcanoes. Sci Rep 15, 41626 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-25636-7

 

## Contents

 

This archive contains three main CSV files:

 

### 1. `manual_database.csv`

- Contains manually picked Very-Long-Period (VLP) seismic events for the full year 2007.

- Row 1: Event ID  

- Row 2: Corresponding picked time in Unix timestamp

 

### 2. `vlp_database_2007.csv`

- Contains automatically detected VLP events for the year 2007.

- Used for comparison with the manual database above.

 

### 3. `vlp_database_2009_2024.csv`

- Contains automatically detected VLP events from 2009 to 2024-12-31.

- Includes the same parameter set as the 2007 file.

 

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## Field Descriptions (for `vlp_database_2007.csv` and `vlp_database_2009_2024.csv`)

 

| Field Name             | Description |

|------------------------|-------------|

| `station`              | Station name where the event was detected |

| `start_vlp`            | Start time of the VLP in Unix timestamp |

| `start_vlp_iso`        | Start time of the VLP in ISO 8601 format |

| `tca`                  | Time of Three-Component Amplitude (TCA) detection (Unix timestamp) |

| `tca_iso`              | TCA time in ISO 8601 format |

| `freq`                 | Characteristic frequency related to the TCA |

| `azimuth`              | Azimuth standard deviation over the time window |

| `azimuth_tca`          | Azimuth at the TCA |

| `rsam`                 | Root mean square amplitude (all components) |

| `rsamz`                | RMS amplitude on Z (vertical) component |

| `rsame`                | RMS amplitude on E (east-west) component |

| `rsamn`                | RMS amplitude on N (north-south) component |

| `rpp`                  | Peak-to-peak amplitude (all components) |

| `rppz`                 | Peak-to-peak amplitude on Z (vertical) |

| `rppe`                 | Peak-to-peak amplitude on E (east-west) |

| `rppn`                 | Peak-to-peak amplitude on N (north-south) |

| `max_tca`              | Maximum amplitude value at the TCA (counts) |

| `incidence`            | Incidence angle standard deviation over the time window |

| `incidence_tca`        | Incidence angle at the TCA |

| `rectilinearity`       | Rectilinearity standard deviation over the time window |

| `rectilinearity_tca`   | Rectilinearity at the TCA |

| `planarity_std`        | Planarity standard deviation over the time window |

| `planarity_tca`        | Planarity at the TCA |

| `window_size`          | Duration of the analysis window (seconds) from VLP start to end |

 

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## Citation

 

If you use this database in your research, please cite:

 

>Gammaldi, S., Donne, D.D., Cantiello, P. et al. A near real-time framework for monitoring very-long-period signals at volcanoes. Sci Rep 15, 41626 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-25636-7

 

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## License

 

This dataset is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.