cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296197
title: The Causal Agent of Damping-off in Pinus patula (Schiede) and Pinus tecunumanii (Schwerdtf.)

description: ABSTRACT Damping-off is considered one of the most serious risks for production of Pinus seedlings due to the significant losses it can cause in forest nurseries. In Colombia there is little information about the etiology of this limiting disease. Different species of the genus Fusarium have been reported as causal agents, which makes the study of the pathogenicity of this genus relevant. In this study, strain 001F of Fusarium oxysporum was obtained from the diseased tissues of P. patula seedlings. The identity of the species was determined by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the ability of strain 001F to cause damping-off symptoms in P. patula and P. tecunumanii. Thus, F. oxysporum strain 001F represents a significant risk to produce tree species in Colombia and in other parts of the world.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9927725
title: Microbial Properties of Soil in Different Coverages in the Colombian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT Changes in coverage affect the activity of soil’s microbial communities, affecting the carbon and nitrogen cycle. The variability of biochemical properties in different coverages (native forest, forest plantation, silvopastoral system and pasture) located in the northwest of the Colombian Amazon was evaluated. Edaphic properties were determined as: organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) using the fumigation method. A significant effect was found to land use × depth interaction for the variables moisture, pH, CO and MBC/OC ratio (p &lt; 0.05), while MBC and dCO2 showed differences only for land use and NT, MBN and MBN/TN ratio at depth (p &lt; 0.05). In general, when modifying the soil cover, changes were made in the chemical properties that affected the microbial activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6235055
title: The sounds of the words: possibilities and limits of the graphic novel

description: Abstract The graphic novel today aims to a literary status, but its attributes at the same time favor such possibility and frustate it. In this analysis, I demonstrate how time control by the artists is at the center of this process. Halting the reader, distracting him/her from the narrative, the novel can increase its appeal but will loose in the literary construction. Between us, Brazilians, the graphic novel brings another question to be considered, since it contains traces from its origin of a different cultural context.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.6235055.v1
title: The sounds of the words: possibilities and limits of the graphic novel

description: Abstract The graphic novel today aims to a literary status, but its attributes at the same time favor such possibility and frustate it. In this analysis, I demonstrate how time control by the artists is at the center of this process. Halting the reader, distracting him/her from the narrative, the novel can increase its appeal but will loose in the literary construction. Between us, Brazilians, the graphic novel brings another question to be considered, since it contains traces from its origin of a different cultural context.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795740.v1
title: Ameliorative effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and sodium nitroprusside on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under PEG-stimulated drought stress

description: Abstract: Seed germination and early seedling growth are sensitive to drought stress in wheat. A factorial experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with three replicates to study the impacts of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs: 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg.L) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP: 0 and 100 μM), as NO donor, on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress (0, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa). Our results revealed that PEG-stimulated drought stress significantly decreased germination percentage (GP), germination energy (GE), germination rate (GR), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), root fresh weight (RFW), shoot fresh weight (SFW) and vigor index (VI) but increased mean germination time (MGT) in wheat seeds. However, application of TiO2 NPs and SNP alone or in combination significantly enhanced GP, GE, GR, RL, SL, RFW, SFW and VI up to 23.72%, 50%, 33.74%, 85.38%, 93.28%, 73%, 91.91% and 91.04% respectively, but significantly reduced MGT up to 28.36% under severe drought stress. Our results showed that application of TiO2 NPs and SNP alone or in combination can significantly alleviate the adverse effects of PEG-stimulated drought stress on seed germination and early seedling growth of wheat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296197.v1
title: The Causal Agent of Damping-off in Pinus patula (Schiede) and Pinus tecunumanii (Schwerdtf.)

description: ABSTRACT Damping-off is considered one of the most serious risks for production of Pinus seedlings due to the significant losses it can cause in forest nurseries. In Colombia there is little information about the etiology of this limiting disease. Different species of the genus Fusarium have been reported as causal agents, which makes the study of the pathogenicity of this genus relevant. In this study, strain 001F of Fusarium oxysporum was obtained from the diseased tissues of P. patula seedlings. The identity of the species was determined by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the ability of strain 001F to cause damping-off symptoms in P. patula and P. tecunumanii. Thus, F. oxysporum strain 001F represents a significant risk to produce tree species in Colombia and in other parts of the world.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7101419
title: Does the use of glycerin gel improve the color stability of composite resins?

description: Abstract Introduction The resin composite superficial layer not polymerized due to the presence of oxygen leads to clinical problems as color alteration by the absorption of pigments. Objective Evaluate the effect of different techniques to control the formation of the composite resin dispersion layer on the optical properties of a commercial composite. Material and method Resin composite Estelite Sigma specimens were made. The specimens were light-cured with the LED Bluephase G2 device (1200 mW/cm2 - 40 s). The groups were determined according to three different techniques: 1) no treatment (control); 2) light-curing through a glycerin gel layer on the surface; 3) polishing with abrasive discs after light-curing. The color stability (ΔE) and the translucency parameter were determined by the spectroscopy method (Easyshade Compact Vita) as a function of the CIELab parameter. The analyzes were performed immediately after photoactivation and repeated after 7 days of storage in water or 7 days in coffee. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test (α = 0.05). Result No difference was found for ΔE in groups aged in water. When stored in coffee, the control group had the highest value of ΔE while the polished group generated the lowest color change. The glycerin gel groups promoted intermediated results. The translucency parameter was not affected by the treatments tested. Conclusion: The glycerin-based gel layer minimizes the color change in those regions that the finishing and polishing instruments are difficult to access.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9795740
title: Ameliorative effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and sodium nitroprusside on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under PEG-stimulated drought stress

description: Abstract: Seed germination and early seedling growth are sensitive to drought stress in wheat. A factorial experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with three replicates to study the impacts of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs: 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg.L) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP: 0 and 100 μM), as NO donor, on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought stress (0, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa). Our results revealed that PEG-stimulated drought stress significantly decreased germination percentage (GP), germination energy (GE), germination rate (GR), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), root fresh weight (RFW), shoot fresh weight (SFW) and vigor index (VI) but increased mean germination time (MGT) in wheat seeds. However, application of TiO2 NPs and SNP alone or in combination significantly enhanced GP, GE, GR, RL, SL, RFW, SFW and VI up to 23.72%, 50%, 33.74%, 85.38%, 93.28%, 73%, 91.91% and 91.04% respectively, but significantly reduced MGT up to 28.36% under severe drought stress. Our results showed that application of TiO2 NPs and SNP alone or in combination can significantly alleviate the adverse effects of PEG-stimulated drought stress on seed germination and early seedling growth of wheat.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296203
title: Edaphic Macrofauna as a Recovery Indicator of Abandoned Areas of Corymbia citriodora in the Southeastern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The edaphic macrofauna may reflect changes in soil use. This study aimed to answer two questions: (1) Has the management of eucalyptus by girdling, promote stimulation or inhibition in the guilds of the edaphic macrofauna? (2) Can soil macrofauna be used as an indicator of the recovery of abandoned eucalyptus areas? For that purpose, we compared the composition and diversity of the edaphic macrofauna in areas of secondary forest, abandoned non-girdled eucalyptus plantations and girdled eucalyptus plantations. The secondary forest presented greater richness, abundance and diversity of edaphic macrofauna, followed by areas of girdled eucalyptus, with the lowest values found in areas with non-girdled eucalyptus. Therefore, the edaphic macrofauna responded to the management by girdling, through the stimulation of the taxonomic groups in the different guilds and can be indicated as a good indicator of the recovery of disturbed areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296176
title: Urochloa decumbens Has Higher Mycorrhizal Colonization in Degraded than in Pristine Areas in the Brazilian Cerrado

description: ABSTRACT Brazil has extensive degraded areas, where vegetation fails to establish due to harsh soil conditions. However, some invasive species such as Urochloa decumbens are successful pioneers in such areas, but the reasons deserve investigation. Mycorrhizal fungi are abundant in Cerrado soils, and their association with plants are beneficial for their establishment in natural and degraded areas. This study investigated whether arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of native and exotic plants in the Cerrado differs between pristine and degraded areas. We collected 135 plants from four functional groups in 68 areas and determined the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization. The invasive grass Urochloa decumbens had significantly higher colonization rates in degraded than in native areas, and higher colonization than the native species. These results are important for soil management since Urochloa decumbens is widely used in early soil restoration efforts, and for nature conservation concerning the management of invasive plants in restoration areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296167.v1
title: Lauraceae Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Southern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT We performed a phytosociological study on an altitudinal gradient in Lauráceas State Park (Parque Estadual das Lauráceas/PR), aiming to describe the Montane Atlantic Rain Forest, to verify the importance of Lauraceae, and to evaluate the communities’ successional stage. We distributed survey units (2,000 m2 quadrats) along an altitudinal gradient and surveyed all individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm, which composed the arboreal component. In smaller quadrats (250 m2), we surveyed regeneration individuals. The community at 800 and 900 m a.s.l. shows typical characteristics of Montane forest in an advanced successional stage, and the abundance of Ocotea catharinensis is its main indicator. At 1,000 and 1,100 m a.s.l., the forest is characterized as Montane with short stature in an advanced successional stage, with the occurrence of typical upper montane species such as O. porosa and O. vaccinioides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296176.v1
title: Urochloa decumbens Has Higher Mycorrhizal Colonization in Degraded than in Pristine Areas in the Brazilian Cerrado

description: ABSTRACT Brazil has extensive degraded areas, where vegetation fails to establish due to harsh soil conditions. However, some invasive species such as Urochloa decumbens are successful pioneers in such areas, but the reasons deserve investigation. Mycorrhizal fungi are abundant in Cerrado soils, and their association with plants are beneficial for their establishment in natural and degraded areas. This study investigated whether arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of native and exotic plants in the Cerrado differs between pristine and degraded areas. We collected 135 plants from four functional groups in 68 areas and determined the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization. The invasive grass Urochloa decumbens had significantly higher colonization rates in degraded than in native areas, and higher colonization than the native species. These results are important for soil management since Urochloa decumbens is widely used in early soil restoration efforts, and for nature conservation concerning the management of invasive plants in restoration areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296203.v1
title: Edaphic Macrofauna as a Recovery Indicator of Abandoned Areas of Corymbia citriodora in the Southeastern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT The edaphic macrofauna may reflect changes in soil use. This study aimed to answer two questions: (1) Has the management of eucalyptus by girdling, promote stimulation or inhibition in the guilds of the edaphic macrofauna? (2) Can soil macrofauna be used as an indicator of the recovery of abandoned eucalyptus areas? For that purpose, we compared the composition and diversity of the edaphic macrofauna in areas of secondary forest, abandoned non-girdled eucalyptus plantations and girdled eucalyptus plantations. The secondary forest presented greater richness, abundance and diversity of edaphic macrofauna, followed by areas of girdled eucalyptus, with the lowest values found in areas with non-girdled eucalyptus. Therefore, the edaphic macrofauna responded to the management by girdling, through the stimulation of the taxonomic groups in the different guilds and can be indicated as a good indicator of the recovery of disturbed areas.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9927725.v1
title: Microbial Properties of Soil in Different Coverages in the Colombian Amazon

description: ABSTRACT Changes in coverage affect the activity of soil’s microbial communities, affecting the carbon and nitrogen cycle. The variability of biochemical properties in different coverages (native forest, forest plantation, silvopastoral system and pasture) located in the northwest of the Colombian Amazon was evaluated. Edaphic properties were determined as: organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) using the fumigation method. A significant effect was found to land use × depth interaction for the variables moisture, pH, CO and MBC/OC ratio (p &lt; 0.05), while MBC and dCO2 showed differences only for land use and NT, MBN and MBN/TN ratio at depth (p &lt; 0.05). In general, when modifying the soil cover, changes were made in the chemical properties that affected the microbial activity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9957212.v1
title: Canopy Architecture After Selective Logging in a Secondary Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil

description: ABSTRACT Sustainable forest management promotes financial revenues while keeping the forest cover and environmental services. Nevertheless, the logging operation causes changes in the forest and canopy horizontal and vertical structure. Our objective is to evaluate the changes in the forest canopy and its consequences to the forest management, following logging in a secondary Atlantic Rainforest. We used hemispherical photography to determine the Canopy Openness (CO), Leaf Area Index (LAI) and the radiation absorption (fAPAR) in nine experimental plots before and after logging. We did not find a clear correlation between the forest horizontal structure and the canopy architecture. Despite this, there was an increase in CO and decrease in LAI and fAPAR after logging. The variation in CO and fAPAR were affected by logging intensity, but LAI did not show the same pattern. We suggest a conservative maximum logging intensity of 30% of the basal area and tree density.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10296167
title: Lauraceae Along an Altitudinal Gradient in Southern Brazil

description: ABSTRACT We performed a phytosociological study on an altitudinal gradient in Lauráceas State Park (Parque Estadual das Lauráceas/PR), aiming to describe the Montane Atlantic Rain Forest, to verify the importance of Lauraceae, and to evaluate the communities’ successional stage. We distributed survey units (2,000 m2 quadrats) along an altitudinal gradient and surveyed all individuals with DBH ≥ 10 cm, which composed the arboreal component. In smaller quadrats (250 m2), we surveyed regeneration individuals. The community at 800 and 900 m a.s.l. shows typical characteristics of Montane forest in an advanced successional stage, and the abundance of Ocotea catharinensis is its main indicator. At 1,000 and 1,100 m a.s.l., the forest is characterized as Montane with short stature in an advanced successional stage, with the occurrence of typical upper montane species such as O. porosa and O. vaccinioides.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508432.v1
title: Management of contaminated areas by gas stations in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

description: Abstract The commercialization of petroleum-based fuels is a potentially polluting activity. Environmental impacts are mainly due to tanker truck accidents and leaking underground storage tanks of gas stations. The management of contaminated sites aims to reduce risks to human health and environment through measures that provide knowledge regarding the characteristics of contaminated site and the impacts of contaminants, thus allowing the most appropriate intervention to be determined. This paper analyzed the environmental licensing process of the Cuiaba-MT gas stations in order to present an overview of the gas stations responsible for some type of environmental contamination, since the investigation of liabilities is required for this license. One hundred and thirty-six licensing processes were analyzed, and it was found that 17 of these reported some type of contamination in soil and/or groundwater. The main contaminants were Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylenes (BTEX) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The following remediation techniques were applied: three cases of natural attenuation, three of multiphase extraction and three of pumping. This highlights the necessity for the State Environment Agency to make available information about contaminated areas not only in Cuiabá but throughout the State. According to CONAMA Resolution 420/2009, this is an obligation of the environmental agency for the management of contaminated areas to be effective. It is also important that the Mato Grosso State establish public policies for the management of contaminated areas, with legislation specific to the issue, as some other Brazilian states have done.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.10073888
title: Homegardens as a System for Restoration of Legal Reserves: Aspects of Forest Legislation

description: ABSTRACT The homegardens result from collective learning and fulfill environmental services, contributing to the agrobiodiversity conservation and food security. The present study analyzed whether legal mechanisms incorporate concepts on environmental services and if legal frameworks in the state of São Paulo include homegardens as a feasible system for restoration of legal reserve (RL) area. Revisions of Law nº 12.651/2012 and resolutions SMA nº 44/2008 and SMA nº 32/2014 were carried out. For each attribute regarding the environmental services, grades from zero (absent) to two (explicitly described) were assigned. In the legal frameworks, the concepts concerning production, regulation and support were present, with the absence of cultural ones. For the adoption of homegardes as a viable system for restoration in legal reserve area, precepts should be changed regarding the presence of exotic species, management and monitoring practices required in legal frameworks.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7508432
title: Management of contaminated areas by gas stations in Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

description: Abstract The commercialization of petroleum-based fuels is a potentially polluting activity. Environmental impacts are mainly due to tanker truck accidents and leaking underground storage tanks of gas stations. The management of contaminated sites aims to reduce risks to human health and environment through measures that provide knowledge regarding the characteristics of contaminated site and the impacts of contaminants, thus allowing the most appropriate intervention to be determined. This paper analyzed the environmental licensing process of the Cuiaba-MT gas stations in order to present an overview of the gas stations responsible for some type of environmental contamination, since the investigation of liabilities is required for this license. One hundred and thirty-six licensing processes were analyzed, and it was found that 17 of these reported some type of contamination in soil and/or groundwater. The main contaminants were Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylenes (BTEX) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). The following remediation techniques were applied: three cases of natural attenuation, three of multiphase extraction and three of pumping. This highlights the necessity for the State Environment Agency to make available information about contaminated areas not only in Cuiabá but throughout the State. According to CONAMA Resolution 420/2009, this is an obligation of the environmental agency for the management of contaminated areas to be effective. It is also important that the Mato Grosso State establish public policies for the management of contaminated areas, with legislation specific to the issue, as some other Brazilian states have done.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.9927734
title: Pastures Degradation and the Relation with Pedo-Geomorphological Attributes in Watershed

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to map the levels of degradation of pastures and its association with chemical properties of the soil and relief. We selected a sub-basin located in the municipality of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, and we mapped the degradations through Ikonos images that were submitted for classification. Soil samples were collected and analyzed chemically; the results were transformed in spatial data using cokriging, based on variables of the digital elevation model. We associated the maps (cokriging) with data from exposure of the hillside, levels of solar radiation and levels of the pastures’ degradation. The pastures were mainly classified in moderate (44%) and very strong (30%) degradation levels. The areas with mild degradation tend to increase when there is a higher sum of bases, cationic exchange capacity and organic matter. The portions facing North and the increase of solar radiation showed more advanced stages of degradation.