cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102298
title: Comparison of 1% cyclosporine eye drops in olive oil and in linseed oil to treat experimentally-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca in rabbits

description: ABSTRACTPurpose:To evaluate the effectiveness of topical 1% cyclosporine eye drops diluted in either of the two vehicles-olive and linseed oil-and that of the oils themselves in treating experimentally-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in rabbits.Methods:KCS was induced in 25 New Zealand rabbits using 1% atropine sulfate eye drops for 7 days before treatment and throughout the treatment period (12 weeks). The rabbits were divided into five groups: one control (C) group without KCS induction and four treatment groups in which KCS was induced and treated topically with olive oil (O), linseed oil (L), cyclosporine in olive oil (CO), and cyclosporine in linseed oil (CL). The animals were evaluated using Schirmer tear test 1 (STT), the fluorescein test (FT), tear-film break-up time (TBUT), the rose bengal test (RBT), and histopathological analysis.Results:Values of STT and TBUT significantly decreased 1 week post-induction (p&lt;0.05) and were similar to initial values after the 4th week of treatment, in all groups. After KCS induction, there was significantly less corneal damage in group L than in group CL, as assessed FT and RBT. Histopathology demonstrated that Groups L and CL presented less edema and corneal congestion. There was no significant difference in the goblet cell density (cells/mm2) between the groups (p=0.147).Conclusion:Cyclosporine diluted in olive oil or linseed oil was effective in the treatment of KCS, although it had better efficacy when diluted in linseed oil. Linseed oil presented better effectiveness, whether associated or not, than olive oil. These results may contribute to the creation of novel topical ophthalmic formulations for KCS treatment in future.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102295
title: Numerical Solution of Heat Equation with Singular Robin Boundary Condition

description: ABSTRACT In this work we study the numerical solution of one-dimensional heat diffusion equation subject to Robin boundary conditions multiplied with a small parameter epsilon greater than zero. The numerical evidences tell us that the numerical solution of the differential equation with Robin boundary condition are very close in certain sense of the analytic solution of the problem with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions when ε tends to zero.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102295.v1
title: Numerical Solution of Heat Equation with Singular Robin Boundary Condition

description: ABSTRACT In this work we study the numerical solution of one-dimensional heat diffusion equation subject to Robin boundary conditions multiplied with a small parameter epsilon greater than zero. The numerical evidences tell us that the numerical solution of the differential equation with Robin boundary condition are very close in certain sense of the analytic solution of the problem with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions when ε tends to zero.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102298.v1
title: Comparison of 1% cyclosporine eye drops in olive oil and in linseed oil to treat experimentally-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca in rabbits

description: ABSTRACTPurpose:To evaluate the effectiveness of topical 1% cyclosporine eye drops diluted in either of the two vehicles-olive and linseed oil-and that of the oils themselves in treating experimentally-induced keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in rabbits.Methods:KCS was induced in 25 New Zealand rabbits using 1% atropine sulfate eye drops for 7 days before treatment and throughout the treatment period (12 weeks). The rabbits were divided into five groups: one control (C) group without KCS induction and four treatment groups in which KCS was induced and treated topically with olive oil (O), linseed oil (L), cyclosporine in olive oil (CO), and cyclosporine in linseed oil (CL). The animals were evaluated using Schirmer tear test 1 (STT), the fluorescein test (FT), tear-film break-up time (TBUT), the rose bengal test (RBT), and histopathological analysis.Results:Values of STT and TBUT significantly decreased 1 week post-induction (p&lt;0.05) and were similar to initial values after the 4th week of treatment, in all groups. After KCS induction, there was significantly less corneal damage in group L than in group CL, as assessed FT and RBT. Histopathology demonstrated that Groups L and CL presented less edema and corneal congestion. There was no significant difference in the goblet cell density (cells/mm2) between the groups (p=0.147).Conclusion:Cyclosporine diluted in olive oil or linseed oil was effective in the treatment of KCS, although it had better efficacy when diluted in linseed oil. Linseed oil presented better effectiveness, whether associated or not, than olive oil. These results may contribute to the creation of novel topical ophthalmic formulations for KCS treatment in future.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102289
title: Traumatic wound dehiscence after corneal keratoplasty

description: ABSTRACTPurpose:To assess patient characteristics, risk factors, outcomes, and the treatment of wound dehiscence (WD) in patients after corneal keratoplasty.Methods:Retrospective chart review of 11 eyes of 11 patients with corneal grafts who underwent repair of WD from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2012 at Hospital Oftalmologico de Brasilia.Results:Eight (72.7%) patients were men and three were women. Six (54.5%) patients had deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and 5 had penetrating keratoplasty. The mean age at trauma was 31.1 years. The mean time from corneal keratoplasty to WD was 12.82 months (range, 3-33 months). The mean best-corrected visual acuity of patients before trauma was 20/60 (0.48 logMAR) and after final treatment was 20/160 (0.90 logMAR) (P=0.15). In one case, visual acuity decreased to no light perception because of retinal detachment and phthisis bulbi. Accidental blunt trauma and fall were the most common causes of WD.Conclusion:Patients who undergo corneal keratoplasty have a life-long risk of WD. The full-thickness rupture at the graft-host junction in our study suggests that the junction remains vulnerable, even following DALK, and can rupture with trauma. In our series, depending upon the severity of the trauma, postkeratoplastic WD can be associated with a good visual prognosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102292
title: Epilens membrane simulating cataract in children with uveitis: a report of three cases

description: ABSTRACTHere we present the cases of three female children, of whom two were aged 6 years and one was aged 11 years. Two of the three children had bilateral uveitis and suspected cataract and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. The third one had uveitis and suspected cataract in one eye and sympathetic ophthalmia (SO), and had undergone penetrating keratoplasty in the fellow eye following a trauma. After controlling the inflammation, we planned to perform phacoemulsification without intraocular lens implantation. However, intraoperatively, after removing the epilens membranes, the lenses appeared clear, and therefore phacoemulsification was not performed. During follow-up, the patients did not develop cataract, and visual acuity levels ranged from 20/30 to 20/100. Fundoscopy revealed VKH disease and SO. Ophthalmologists should not always assume that patients with uveitis have cataract; a transparent lens may exist behind the epilens membrane, allowing a less aggressive therapeutic approach.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102286
title: Ophthalmic Doppler in persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous atypical presentation: case report

description: ABSTRACTThe purpose is to document a case of persistent hiperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) with atypical Bergmeister's papilla and patent hialoid artery that had its conclusive diagnosis done by doppler ultrasound. We report a case of child, who had unilateral leucokoria. This child's fundoscopic examination showed a white mass on the optic nerve that extended over to adjacent retina. Performed ultrasound that remained a doubt with the following diagnostic hypotheses: persistent hiperplastic primary vitreous, granuloma (toxocara), astrocytic hamartoma and retinoblastoma. The diagnosis was only established when the doppler ultrasound showed a blood flow inside of the membrane, thus confirming the diagnosis of persistent hiperplastic primary vitreous associated with the Bergmeister'spapilla.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102292.v1
title: Epilens membrane simulating cataract in children with uveitis: a report of three cases

description: ABSTRACTHere we present the cases of three female children, of whom two were aged 6 years and one was aged 11 years. Two of the three children had bilateral uveitis and suspected cataract and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease. The third one had uveitis and suspected cataract in one eye and sympathetic ophthalmia (SO), and had undergone penetrating keratoplasty in the fellow eye following a trauma. After controlling the inflammation, we planned to perform phacoemulsification without intraocular lens implantation. However, intraoperatively, after removing the epilens membranes, the lenses appeared clear, and therefore phacoemulsification was not performed. During follow-up, the patients did not develop cataract, and visual acuity levels ranged from 20/30 to 20/100. Fundoscopy revealed VKH disease and SO. Ophthalmologists should not always assume that patients with uveitis have cataract; a transparent lens may exist behind the epilens membrane, allowing a less aggressive therapeutic approach.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102289.v1
title: Traumatic wound dehiscence after corneal keratoplasty

description: ABSTRACTPurpose:To assess patient characteristics, risk factors, outcomes, and the treatment of wound dehiscence (WD) in patients after corneal keratoplasty.Methods:Retrospective chart review of 11 eyes of 11 patients with corneal grafts who underwent repair of WD from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2012 at Hospital Oftalmologico de Brasilia.Results:Eight (72.7%) patients were men and three were women. Six (54.5%) patients had deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and 5 had penetrating keratoplasty. The mean age at trauma was 31.1 years. The mean time from corneal keratoplasty to WD was 12.82 months (range, 3-33 months). The mean best-corrected visual acuity of patients before trauma was 20/60 (0.48 logMAR) and after final treatment was 20/160 (0.90 logMAR) (P=0.15). In one case, visual acuity decreased to no light perception because of retinal detachment and phthisis bulbi. Accidental blunt trauma and fall were the most common causes of WD.Conclusion:Patients who undergo corneal keratoplasty have a life-long risk of WD. The full-thickness rupture at the graft-host junction in our study suggests that the junction remains vulnerable, even following DALK, and can rupture with trauma. In our series, depending upon the severity of the trauma, postkeratoplastic WD can be associated with a good visual prognosis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102283
title: Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma of the eyelid and literature review

description: ABSTRACTPrimary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC) is a rare malignant epithelial tumor most commonly observed in the scalp and skin of the chest and originating from the palpebral portion of the lacrimal gland in the orbit. Here we describe the diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of PCACC in an eye of a 52-year-old male. The patient presented with a mass lesion of the right lower eyelid. During incisional biopsy, lack of encapsulation and a secretion pattern different to that of chalazion was observed, which differentiated the lesion from chalazion. Pathological analysis revealed the diagnosis of PCACC. This case highlights the importance of careful inspection for macroscopic differentiation of PCACC from chalazion after initial surgery and pathological evaluation of all surgically removed mass lesions for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102286.v1
title: Ophthalmic Doppler in persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous atypical presentation: case report

description: ABSTRACTThe purpose is to document a case of persistent hiperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV) with atypical Bergmeister's papilla and patent hialoid artery that had its conclusive diagnosis done by doppler ultrasound. We report a case of child, who had unilateral leucokoria. This child's fundoscopic examination showed a white mass on the optic nerve that extended over to adjacent retina. Performed ultrasound that remained a doubt with the following diagnostic hypotheses: persistent hiperplastic primary vitreous, granuloma (toxocara), astrocytic hamartoma and retinoblastoma. The diagnosis was only established when the doppler ultrasound showed a blood flow inside of the membrane, thus confirming the diagnosis of persistent hiperplastic primary vitreous associated with the Bergmeister'spapilla.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102280
title: Successful treatment of ligneous conjunctivitis with topical fresh frozen plasma in an infant

description: ABSTRACTA 6-month-old female infant presented to our clinic with bilateral eyelid swelling, yellowish-white membranes under both lids, and mucoid ocular discharge. Her aunt had similar ocular problems that were undiagnosed. The conjunctival membranes were excised and histopathological investigation of these membranes showed ligneous conjunctivitis. Further, laboratory examination revealed plasminogen deficiency. A good response was observed to topical fresh frozen plasma (FFP) treatment without systemic therapy, and the membranes did not recur during the treatment. Topical FFP treatment may facilitate rapid rehabilitation and prevent recurrence in patients with ligneous conjunctivitis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102283.v1
title: Primary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma of the eyelid and literature review

description: ABSTRACTPrimary cutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma (PCACC) is a rare malignant epithelial tumor most commonly observed in the scalp and skin of the chest and originating from the palpebral portion of the lacrimal gland in the orbit. Here we describe the diagnosis and treatment of a rare case of PCACC in an eye of a 52-year-old male. The patient presented with a mass lesion of the right lower eyelid. During incisional biopsy, lack of encapsulation and a secretion pattern different to that of chalazion was observed, which differentiated the lesion from chalazion. Pathological analysis revealed the diagnosis of PCACC. This case highlights the importance of careful inspection for macroscopic differentiation of PCACC from chalazion after initial surgery and pathological evaluation of all surgically removed mass lesions for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102274
title: Tonic pupil in leprosy

description: Pupil abnormalities in leprosy usually result from chronic iritis with loss of stroma, iris miosis, a sluggish reaction to light, and poor dilation in response to anticholinergic mydriatics. We report two patients with long-standing lepromatous leprosy who developed tonic pupils characterized by mydriasis, absence of reaction to light and hypersensitivity to weak cholinergic solution. Examination revealed iritis and iris atrophy. In both cases, instillation of dilute 0.1% pilocarpine caused miosis in the affected eyes. Tonic pupil occurs in many conditions, but its association with leprosy had not been previously reported.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102277
title: Quantitative analysis of iris parameters in keratoconus patients using optical coherence tomography

description: ABSTRACTPurpose:To investigate the relationship between quantitative iris parameters and the presence of keratoconus.Methods:Cross-sectional observational study that included 15 affected eyes of 15 patients with keratoconus and 26 eyes of 26 normal age- and sex-matched controls. Iris parameters (area, thickness, and pupil diameter) of affected and unaffected eyes were measured under standardized light and dark conditions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). To identify optimal iris thickness cutoff points to maximize the sensitivity and specificity when discriminating keratoconus eyes from normal eyes, the analysis included the use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:Iris thickness and area were lower in keratoconus eyes than in normal eyes. The mean thickness at the pupillary margin under both light and dark conditions was found to be the best parameter for discriminating normal patients from keratoconus patients. Diagnostic performance was assessed by the area under the ROC curve (AROC), which had a value of 0.8256 with 80.0% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity, using a cutoff of 0.4125 mm. The sensitivity increased to 86.7% when a cutoff of 0.4700 mm was used.Conclusions:In our sample, iris thickness was lower in keratoconus eyes than in normal eyes. These results suggest that tomographic parameters may provide novel adjunct approaches for keratoconus screening.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102280.v1
title: Successful treatment of ligneous conjunctivitis with topical fresh frozen plasma in an infant

description: ABSTRACTA 6-month-old female infant presented to our clinic with bilateral eyelid swelling, yellowish-white membranes under both lids, and mucoid ocular discharge. Her aunt had similar ocular problems that were undiagnosed. The conjunctival membranes were excised and histopathological investigation of these membranes showed ligneous conjunctivitis. Further, laboratory examination revealed plasminogen deficiency. A good response was observed to topical fresh frozen plasma (FFP) treatment without systemic therapy, and the membranes did not recur during the treatment. Topical FFP treatment may facilitate rapid rehabilitation and prevent recurrence in patients with ligneous conjunctivitis.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102274.v1
title: Tonic pupil in leprosy

description: Pupil abnormalities in leprosy usually result from chronic iritis with loss of stroma, iris miosis, a sluggish reaction to light, and poor dilation in response to anticholinergic mydriatics. We report two patients with long-standing lepromatous leprosy who developed tonic pupils characterized by mydriasis, absence of reaction to light and hypersensitivity to weak cholinergic solution. Examination revealed iritis and iris atrophy. In both cases, instillation of dilute 0.1% pilocarpine caused miosis in the affected eyes. Tonic pupil occurs in many conditions, but its association with leprosy had not been previously reported.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102277.v1
title: Quantitative analysis of iris parameters in keratoconus patients using optical coherence tomography

description: ABSTRACTPurpose:To investigate the relationship between quantitative iris parameters and the presence of keratoconus.Methods:Cross-sectional observational study that included 15 affected eyes of 15 patients with keratoconus and 26 eyes of 26 normal age- and sex-matched controls. Iris parameters (area, thickness, and pupil diameter) of affected and unaffected eyes were measured under standardized light and dark conditions using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). To identify optimal iris thickness cutoff points to maximize the sensitivity and specificity when discriminating keratoconus eyes from normal eyes, the analysis included the use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:Iris thickness and area were lower in keratoconus eyes than in normal eyes. The mean thickness at the pupillary margin under both light and dark conditions was found to be the best parameter for discriminating normal patients from keratoconus patients. Diagnostic performance was assessed by the area under the ROC curve (AROC), which had a value of 0.8256 with 80.0% sensitivity and 84.6% specificity, using a cutoff of 0.4125 mm. The sensitivity increased to 86.7% when a cutoff of 0.4700 mm was used.Conclusions:In our sample, iris thickness was lower in keratoconus eyes than in normal eyes. These results suggest that tomographic parameters may provide novel adjunct approaches for keratoconus screening.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102268
title: Analysis of the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial length in premature infants

description: Purpose: To determine the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial length in premature infants. Methods: Infants with a birth weight of less than 2,500 g or with a gestation period of less than 36 weeks were included in the study. Infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were allocated to Group 1 (n=138), while those without ROP were allocated to Group 2 (n=236). All infants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including corneal diameter measurements, pachymetry, biometry, and fundoscopy. Between-group comparisons of horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial lengths were performed. Independent sample t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Data was obtained from 374 eyes of 187 infants (102 female, 85 male). The mean gestational age at birth was 30.7 ± 2.7 weeks (range 25-36 weeks), the mean birth weight was 1,514 ± 533.3 g (range 750-1,970 g), and the mean postmenstrual age at examination was 40.0 ± 4.8 weeks. The mean gestational age and the mean birth weight of Group 1 were statistically lower than Group 2 (p&lt;0.05). There were no significant differences in horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial length between the two groups (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions: The presence of ROP in premature infants does not alter the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, or axial length.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.7102268.v1
title: Analysis of the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial length in premature infants

description: Purpose: To determine the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial length in premature infants. Methods: Infants with a birth weight of less than 2,500 g or with a gestation period of less than 36 weeks were included in the study. Infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) were allocated to Group 1 (n=138), while those without ROP were allocated to Group 2 (n=236). All infants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including corneal diameter measurements, pachymetry, biometry, and fundoscopy. Between-group comparisons of horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial lengths were performed. Independent sample t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Data was obtained from 374 eyes of 187 infants (102 female, 85 male). The mean gestational age at birth was 30.7 ± 2.7 weeks (range 25-36 weeks), the mean birth weight was 1,514 ± 533.3 g (range 750-1,970 g), and the mean postmenstrual age at examination was 40.0 ± 4.8 weeks. The mean gestational age and the mean birth weight of Group 1 were statistically lower than Group 2 (p&lt;0.05). There were no significant differences in horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, and axial length between the two groups (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions: The presence of ROP in premature infants does not alter the horizontal corneal diameter, central corneal thickness, or axial length.