cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5517/cc5swxq
title: CCDC 172884: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: B.Masci, M.Nierlich, P.Thuery|2002|New J.Chem.|26|120|doi:10.1039/b108947c
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc5swyr
title: CCDC 172885: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: B.Masci, M.Nierlich, P.Thuery|2002|New J.Chem.|26|120|doi:10.1039/b108947c
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc5swzs
title: CCDC 172886: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: B.Masci, M.Nierlich, P.Thuery|2002|New J.Chem.|26|120|doi:10.1039/b108947c
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc5sx0v
title: CCDC 172887: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: B.Masci, M.Nierlich, P.Thuery|2002|New J.Chem.|26|120|doi:10.1039/b108947c
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc5k61y
title: CCDC 165479: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: De Lie An, T.Nakano, A.Orita, J.Otera|2002|Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.|41|171|doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020104)41:1<171::AID-ANIE171>3.0.CO;2-J
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc5nfjr
title: CCDC 168594: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: T.Sasamori, N.Takeda, M.Fujio, M.Kimura, S.Nagase, N.Tokitoh|2002|Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.|41|139|doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020104)41:1<139::AID-ANIE139>3.0.CO;2-3
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc5pzc5
title: CCDC 170077: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: Sheng-Hsien Chiu, A.R.Pease, J.F.Stoddart, A.J.P.White, D.J.Williams|2002|Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.|41|270|doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020118)41:2<270::AID-ANIE270>3.0.CO;2-5
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.5517/cc5s7cj
title: CCDC 172247: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination

description: Related Article: A.Bom, M.Bradley, K.Cameron, J.K.Clark, J.van Egmond, H.Feilden, E.J.MacLean, A.W.Muir, R.Palin, D.C.Rees, Ming-Qiang Zhang|2002|Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.|41|265|doi:10.1002/1521-3773(20020118)41:2<265::AID-ANIE265>3.0.CO;2-Q
description: An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
DOI: 10.13140/rg.2.2.15600.52485
title: Engineering Economics | Example Problems
DOI: 10.15468/dl.pn8v4s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4555 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is one of (Desmanthus virgatus)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4555 records from 293 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0011947-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.fuejah
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 30493 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Columba livia",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "Country is Ireland"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 30493 records from 26 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002017-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.26188/28900067
title: National survey of community attitudes to prevention of mental health problems

description: Dataset on National survey of community attitudes to prevention of mental health problems
DOI: 10.26188/28900067.v1
title: National survey of community attitudes to prevention of mental health problems

description: Dataset on National survey of community attitudes to prevention of mental health problems
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28900103
title: Understanding Users’ Online Health Information Seeking Switching Intention: From Traditional Health Information Platforms to GAI

description: We constructed a model of factors influencing users' health information seeking switching intentions using the PPM model and analyzed 834 valid samples using a mixed-method approach combining Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.28900103.v1
title: Understanding Users’ Online Health Information Seeking Switching Intention: From Traditional Health Information Platforms to GAI

description: We constructed a model of factors influencing users' health information seeking switching intentions using the PPM model and analyzed 834 valid samples using a mixed-method approach combining Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA).
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112841812
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 0927.101, Fort 0927.101

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seals ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 0927.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on left edge, reverse. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Some damage on left edge, reverse.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3aaywm
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 269018 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-76.79646 13.23085,-85.80878 -3.45153,-69.31816 -7.47831,-66.44189 6.3278,-64.90787 12.46385,-53.21103 15.14837,10.64221 -19.3669,20.80503 -45.63685,39.21318 -23.77718,174.20621 -51.7729,181.68452 -32.406,158.48259 -8.24531,126.65185 31.25549,114.76326 26.4617,133.5549 2.10927,106.51794 2.68452,88.4933 11.50509,100.57365 31.63899,67.01714 41.41832,61.45635 21.66792,22.1473 32.59775,58.96358 23.01018,53.59454 29.33798,39.40493 31.06374,19.84628 35.47402,13.05832 45.16358,18.02176 48.0997,18.44953 50.69219,14.35993 51.60099,12.08794 49.64358,11.84326 47.5114,9.9208 46.07829,6.6701 46.07829,4.74764 49.57367,7.82358 53.73317,-3.71117 59.74523,-7.1716 58.1024,-5.52877 49.36395,2.95433 38.06504,-15.30673 21.70382,-80.96605 15.4399,-86.11141 23.2698,-73.80728 24.94763,-78.28151 33.67238,-88.57224 26.73733,-82.30831 12.19608,-76.79646 13.23085))",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Pavo cristatus Linnaeus, 1758"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 269018 records from 61 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0400091-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.5vzpae
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 15670284 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Continent is Europe",
 "Geometry POLYGON((-9.68103 38.44257,-9.00599 36.87589,-8.6762 36.98988,-7.64236 36.9152,-7.06 37.23289,-6.88584 38.14173,-6.84024 39.10349,-7.49395 39.60521,-7.02983 39.64727,-6.78412 40.10819,-7.11173 40.1708,-6.75682 40.29586,-6.89332 41.00012,-6.2108 41.43139,-6.3473 42.1236,-9.07741 42.18432,-9.68103 38.44257))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 15670284 records from 281 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0030922-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112047901
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0225, Spurlock 1913.14.0225

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0225; CDLI P420607 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (10YR 8/2) Medium Gray (N 5.25/ 22.1% R) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.1 x 3.1 x 1.9 cm (22g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g2wu8s
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 425 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Apogon doryssa (Jordan & Seale, 1906)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 425 records from 39 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0039282-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.sgbdux
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 12406 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is one of (United States of America, Canada)",
 "TaxonKey is Melittidae"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 12406 records from 51 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0236230-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112047808
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0225, Spurlock 1913.14.0225

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0225; CDLI P420607 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (10YR 8/2) Medium Gray (N 5.25/ 22.1% R) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.1 x 3.1 x 1.9 cm (22g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.2db6vq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 477 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Succinea campestris Say, 1817"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 477 records from 35 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0030943-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112047920
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0225, Spurlock 1913.14.0225

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0225; CDLI P420607 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (10YR 8/2) Medium Gray (N 5.25/ 22.1% R) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.1 x 3.1 x 1.9 cm (22g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xfhtfe
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1181 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Pachydactylus capensis (Smith, 1846)"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1181 records from 28 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0026037-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.qgcvan
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is India",
 "TaxonKey is Pristis aquitanicus Delfortrie, 1871"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0410579-210914110416597/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112047959
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0225, Spurlock 1913.14.0225

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0225; CDLI P420607 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (10YR 8/2) Medium Gray (N 5.25/ 22.1% R) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.1 x 3.1 x 1.9 cm (22g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.ged9as
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 402856 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Scolopax minor J.F.Gmelin, 1789"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 402856 records from 137 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0039281-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g7ng4y
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 8593 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is one of (Observation, Human Observation, Occurrence evidence, Living Specimen, Specimen)",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Laguncularia racemosa (L.) C.F.Gaertn."
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 8593 records from 230 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0239182-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc112047960
title: Cuneiform Tablet 1913.14.0225, Spurlock 1913.14.0225

description: [Text Description:] Administrative tablet ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Spurlock 1913.14.0225; CDLI P420607 ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Yellowish Gray (10YR 8/2) Medium Gray (N 5.25/ 22.1% R) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] 3.1 x 3.1 x 1.9 cm (22g) ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Seal impressions
DOI: 10.15468/dl.g8shy8
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 392 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Antithamnion pectinatum (Mont.) Brauner"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 392 records from 35 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0030942-231120084113126/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.z5hv2u
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3151637 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Specimen",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "TaxonKey is Fabales"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3151637 records from 1096 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0037132-220831081235567/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.x7szeb
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 44 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Boechera hoffmanii"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 44 records from 8 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006154-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.sfhjdq
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 1825 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is EDP Baixo Sabor: Construction and Reservoir Filling Phases - Iberian Wolf (Canis lupus) [Sign surveys] [2010-2014]"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 1825 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006155-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.esmzgv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 77 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is BOLD:AAE3739"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 77 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006157-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zakmw3
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 114 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "BasisOfRecord is Human Observation",
 "Country is India",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Charaxes solon"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 114 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006156-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dnx437
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset listing the 1342 species recorded in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is European Moth Nights"
 ]
}

 The dataset's 1342 records were derived from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006147-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.xnnr9g
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 6388 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Columba livia",
 "Country is Bolivia (Plurinational State of)",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 6388 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006158-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.jf32nv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 15783 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Emberiza aureola"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 15783 records from 137 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006159-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.77vcgy
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 24 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Danio frankei"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 24 records from 3 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006160-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wbs5zt
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2056 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Boechera holboellii"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2056 records from 154 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006161-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.3chx3w
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 14 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Bos taurus",
 "Country is Bolivia (Plurinational State of)",
 "HasCoordinate is true"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 14 records from 2 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006162-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.m965hu
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 10 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Brachydanio frankei"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 10 records from 4 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0006163-250711103210423/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15872373
title: GeoFireGuard
title: Servizio open data di monitoraggio e protezione delle aree a rischio incendio

description: Dall'esigenza di fornire dati sempre più aggiornati sui rischi naturali e antropici a causa dalla crisi climatica, nasce GeoFireGuard, il servizio open data di monitoraggio e protezione delle aree a rischio incendio attraverso l'utilizzo di dati geospaziali messi a disposizione dalle costellazioni Sentinel del programma Copernicus dell'Unione Europea/ESA; HS2 ed ERA5, Landsat, Aqua e Terra, TRMM, e GPM, IMERG, servizio FIRMS della NASA/USGS degli USA. Area di interesse: Vulture Alto-Bradano (Basilicata - Italia).
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15872385
title: Göbekli Tepe as a Temporal Resonance Node: A Hypothesis of Prehistoric Time Loop Engineering

description: A theoretical paper proposing that Gobekli Tepe functioned as a time resonance interface built to connect human consciousness with quantum fluctuations across time. Suggests deliberate burial was a safeguard mechanism.