cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279434
title: Empathy in Medical Students in Relation to Pedriatic Patients: a Cross-Sectional Study, 2019

description: Abstract: Introduction: Empathy involves the ability to identify and perceive a patient’s personal feelings and experiences, as well as the ability to see the world from another person’s perspective. In Pediatrics, there is the challenge of looking for a good relationship with the patient and their caregivers, who play a key role in both the care and the result of the treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of empathy of medical students related to pediatric patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with a convenience sample, conducted with 4th and 6th-year medicine students at Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Campus Alfenas. Levels of empathy were assessed using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. A sociodemographic questionnaire collected data on possible independent variables such as gender, age, marital status, chronic individual and familial diseases, mental disorders and intended medical specialty. Student’s T test, two-tailed Fischer exact test and linear regression were used in statistical analysis. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: From February to April 2019, 159 students, from a total of 196 eligible candidates, agreed to participate in the study. Of these, 10 were excluded due to incomplete questionnaires. The final sample was composed of 149 (76.0%) students, 74 (49.7%) from the 4th-year and 75 (50.3%) from the 6th-year. There was no difference between the overall empathy score between the 4th and 6th-year students. The overall empathy score was higher in females (padjusted=0.011), as was the Compassionate Care domain score (padjusted=0.013). Volunteers reporting chronic familial disease and those who had difficulty performing a pediatric physical examination reported a significantly higher score in the Compassionate Care domain (padjusted=0.038 and padjusted=0.037, respectively). Conclusion: The global empathy score and its different domains were high, except for the Ability to Stand in the Patient’s Shoes domain. No relationship was found between empathy and its different domains and the year of undergraduate medical training.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279434.v1
title: Empathy in Medical Students in Relation to Pedriatic Patients: a Cross-Sectional Study, 2019

description: Abstract: Introduction: Empathy involves the ability to identify and perceive a patient’s personal feelings and experiences, as well as the ability to see the world from another person’s perspective. In Pediatrics, there is the challenge of looking for a good relationship with the patient and their caregivers, who play a key role in both the care and the result of the treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of empathy of medical students related to pediatric patients. Methods: Cross-sectional study, with a convenience sample, conducted with 4th and 6th-year medicine students at Universidade José do Rosário Vellano, Campus Alfenas. Levels of empathy were assessed using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. A sociodemographic questionnaire collected data on possible independent variables such as gender, age, marital status, chronic individual and familial diseases, mental disorders and intended medical specialty. Student’s T test, two-tailed Fischer exact test and linear regression were used in statistical analysis. The level of significance was 0.05. Results: From February to April 2019, 159 students, from a total of 196 eligible candidates, agreed to participate in the study. Of these, 10 were excluded due to incomplete questionnaires. The final sample was composed of 149 (76.0%) students, 74 (49.7%) from the 4th-year and 75 (50.3%) from the 6th-year. There was no difference between the overall empathy score between the 4th and 6th-year students. The overall empathy score was higher in females (padjusted=0.011), as was the Compassionate Care domain score (padjusted=0.013). Volunteers reporting chronic familial disease and those who had difficulty performing a pediatric physical examination reported a significantly higher score in the Compassionate Care domain (padjusted=0.038 and padjusted=0.037, respectively). Conclusion: The global empathy score and its different domains were high, except for the Ability to Stand in the Patient’s Shoes domain. No relationship was found between empathy and its different domains and the year of undergraduate medical training.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279437.v1
title: Performance in Health Education Competency: Self-Assessment of Medical Students

description: Abstract: Introduction: The National Curriculum Guidelines (NCGs) for the medical course, published in 2014, describe the expected competencies for graduating medical students. Objective: To investigate how medical students evaluate themselves in the area of Health Education. Method: Cross-sectional analytical study among student interns from four medical schools in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The questionnaire was based on the NGCs and substantiated by three key actions: ‘Individual and Collective Learning Needs Identification’; ‘Knowledge Construction and Socialization Promotion’; and ‘Scientific and Critical Thinking Promotion and Support for New Knowledge Production’. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square Test, with a significance level of 5%. The test assesssed performance in Health Education according to sex, year of undergraduate training and self-evaluation of experience in Primary Health Care (PHC). Results: A total of 524 students participated in the study, mostly females (57.0%), aged between 21 and 25 years (66.9%), in their final year of undergraduate training (65.3%), belonging to an academic league (55.6%) and having reported a positive experience in PHC (78.5%). The majority evaluate themselves as ‘very good’ at ‘learning with interprofessional relationships’ (69.0%), ‘identification of personal learning needs’ (63.5 %), and ‘promotion of education actions in Women’s Health’ (66.5%). Students evaluate themselves as ‘poor/satisfactory’ at ‘using information systems’ (33.8%), and ‘adoption of scientific methodology in critical reading of technical-scientific articles’ (21.2%). The following performances were associated to a ‘good/very good’ PHC experience: ‘support for new knowledge production’; ‘knowledge construction and socialization in the community’ and ‘promotion of education actions in Women’s Health’ (p &lt; 0.05). For this last performance there is a significant difference in sex, where female students evaluated themselves better than male students (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: A positive experience in PHC was associated with performances considered of fundamental importance to medical practice, both from an individual and collective perspective.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279440.v1
title: Transgender Population under the Bioethics Perspective: a Panorama of the Curricula and Bioethics Courses of Medical Schools of the State of São Paulo

description: Abstract: Introduction: Transgender people are subject to discrimination and illness due to social marginalization and lack of access to basic rights, especially health care. They suffer from the inadequacy of care directed to basic health demands, high incidence of diseases and non-fulfillment of specific demands. The vulnerability of these people reaches a disturbing level due to disrespectful attitudes that lead trans people to avoid seeking help. Understanding that medical education geared to the needs of marginalized populations is the basis for universal access and adequate care, it is essential that medical schools define contents and pedagogical strategies for vulnerable groups. The aim of this study was to investigate and discuss how (and if) the topic of transgender people healthcare is contemplated in the undergraduate curriculum of medical schools in the state of São Paulo. Method: Exploratory, descriptive-analytical study based on data collected from medical schools in São Paulo, conducted in two stages: 1st, documentary research on the inclusion of the topic of trans people health in the undergraduate curricula; 2nd, research with teachers of the Bioethics courses, where a questionnaire was applied to evaluate how and if the topic is approached as a programmatic content. The data obtained in the 1st stage were analyzed quantitatively and are presented as relative frequencies of the evaluated characteristics, while those of the 2nd stage were analyzed through the descriptive statistical method (closed questions) and content analysis (open questions). Results: We identified references to the trans topic in the formal curricula of only 2 of the 32 surveyed medical schools, with a total of 5 citations on the topic. Analyzing the questionnaires applied to teachers in the area of bioethics, we found reports of discussions on this topic in 5/12 (42%) schools. Although all participants consider the topic to be important, only 7/12 (58%) consider themselves prepared to address it. Conclusion: It is postulated that the evident lack of content aimed at trans health in medical schools can make it difficult to reduce transphobia and develop more dignified services within the healthcare network for these people. Based on the subsidies found in the Bioethics of Protection theoretical framework, we believe the medical curricula and Bioethics courses should create spaces to address this issue, using different and effectively transformative pedagogical practices, and respecting gender identity in all environments.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279437
title: Performance in Health Education Competency: Self-Assessment of Medical Students

description: Abstract: Introduction: The National Curriculum Guidelines (NCGs) for the medical course, published in 2014, describe the expected competencies for graduating medical students. Objective: To investigate how medical students evaluate themselves in the area of Health Education. Method: Cross-sectional analytical study among student interns from four medical schools in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The questionnaire was based on the NGCs and substantiated by three key actions: ‘Individual and Collective Learning Needs Identification’; ‘Knowledge Construction and Socialization Promotion’; and ‘Scientific and Critical Thinking Promotion and Support for New Knowledge Production’. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square Test, with a significance level of 5%. The test assesssed performance in Health Education according to sex, year of undergraduate training and self-evaluation of experience in Primary Health Care (PHC). Results: A total of 524 students participated in the study, mostly females (57.0%), aged between 21 and 25 years (66.9%), in their final year of undergraduate training (65.3%), belonging to an academic league (55.6%) and having reported a positive experience in PHC (78.5%). The majority evaluate themselves as ‘very good’ at ‘learning with interprofessional relationships’ (69.0%), ‘identification of personal learning needs’ (63.5 %), and ‘promotion of education actions in Women’s Health’ (66.5%). Students evaluate themselves as ‘poor/satisfactory’ at ‘using information systems’ (33.8%), and ‘adoption of scientific methodology in critical reading of technical-scientific articles’ (21.2%). The following performances were associated to a ‘good/very good’ PHC experience: ‘support for new knowledge production’; ‘knowledge construction and socialization in the community’ and ‘promotion of education actions in Women’s Health’ (p &lt; 0.05). For this last performance there is a significant difference in sex, where female students evaluated themselves better than male students (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: A positive experience in PHC was associated with performances considered of fundamental importance to medical practice, both from an individual and collective perspective.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279438
title: Factors Associated with the Choice of Specializing in Family Medicine

description: Abstract: Introduction: Family Medicine (FM) is considered the specialty which is most closely related to the primary health care (PHC) principles of longitudinality, comprehensiveness and coordination. The choice to specialize in FM can be related to personal, professional and curricular aspects. Objective: To analyze the profile of family medicine residents in Pernambuco and the factors associated with the choice of this specialty. Method: Cross-sectional study, involving 129 physicians entering FM residency in Pernambuco from 2012 to 2017. Data collection was performed by applying an electronic LimeSurvey questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale with questions about factors that may have contributed to their choice of the specialty. Descriptive analyses of the study variables were performed in EpiInfo® 7.0, presented in frequency distribution and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The internal consistency of the data was assessed using Alpha Cronbach. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde. Results: 104 physicians answered the questionnaire, with a mean age of 31 + 6.1 years, 58.6% women, 70% were graduates from public universities and 66.3% of the medics decided to specialize in FM after graduating. Personal aspects analysed in relation to influence on the physician’s choice to specialize in FM are social commitment, aptitude, affinity with the specialty and personal life circumstances. In terms of the characteristics of medical residency, both the duration and the availability of places in the state’s FM programs played a part in the choice. Most aspects related to the choice of following a career in FM were classed as a positive influence on that choice. Factors related to the undergraduate curriculum included model preceptors and practical activities in the family medicine setting. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.847. Conclusion: The factors cited by residents as influencing their choice to specialize in FM include personal aspects, characteristics of the residency program as well as characteristics of the specialty itself. On the other hand, aspects related to the undergraduate curriculum in general did not contribute to this choice. There was, however, agreement that practical experience in a FM setting and the example of model tutors influenced the decision.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279438.v1
title: Factors Associated with the Choice of Specializing in Family Medicine

description: Abstract: Introduction: Family Medicine (FM) is considered the specialty which is most closely related to the primary health care (PHC) principles of longitudinality, comprehensiveness and coordination. The choice to specialize in FM can be related to personal, professional and curricular aspects. Objective: To analyze the profile of family medicine residents in Pernambuco and the factors associated with the choice of this specialty. Method: Cross-sectional study, involving 129 physicians entering FM residency in Pernambuco from 2012 to 2017. Data collection was performed by applying an electronic LimeSurvey questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale with questions about factors that may have contributed to their choice of the specialty. Descriptive analyses of the study variables were performed in EpiInfo® 7.0, presented in frequency distribution and measures of central tendency and dispersion. The internal consistency of the data was assessed using Alpha Cronbach. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde. Results: 104 physicians answered the questionnaire, with a mean age of 31 + 6.1 years, 58.6% women, 70% were graduates from public universities and 66.3% of the medics decided to specialize in FM after graduating. Personal aspects analysed in relation to influence on the physician’s choice to specialize in FM are social commitment, aptitude, affinity with the specialty and personal life circumstances. In terms of the characteristics of medical residency, both the duration and the availability of places in the state’s FM programs played a part in the choice. Most aspects related to the choice of following a career in FM were classed as a positive influence on that choice. Factors related to the undergraduate curriculum included model preceptors and practical activities in the family medicine setting. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.847. Conclusion: The factors cited by residents as influencing their choice to specialize in FM include personal aspects, characteristics of the residency program as well as characteristics of the specialty itself. On the other hand, aspects related to the undergraduate curriculum in general did not contribute to this choice. There was, however, agreement that practical experience in a FM setting and the example of model tutors influenced the decision.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279441
title: Effects of Mental Disorders on the Emotional Intelligence Levels of Brazilian Medical Students: a Single Center Cross-Sectional Study, 2017-2018

description: Abstract: Introduction: Recent studies have shown the direct effects of emotional intelligence (EI) on medical practice and, more specifically, on establishing and maintaining a good doctor-patient relationship. The aim was to compare the EI levels of students from different years of medical school and to evaluate other factors that affect EI levels. Method: This was a cross-sectional study of medical students attending the 1st, 3rd and 6th years in a private institution in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A non-probabilistic convenience sample was used. EI levels were evaluated using the Schutte Self-Report EI Test, and demographic and personal data were collected. All volunteers signed the free and informed consent form prior to study inclusion. Statistical analysis used ANOVA, Student’s t-test, Pearson correlation and linear regression. A significance level of 0.05 was adopted. Results: Two hundred twenty-five volunteers were recruited between October/2017 and April/2018. Sixteen (7.1%) were excluded due to incomplete questionnaires. The final sample comprised 209 participants (71 from the 1st year, 69 from the 3rd year and 69 from the 6th year). Most were women (66.0%), 95.2% were single, 10.0% had previously graduated and 16.3% reported a previous mental disorder diagnosis. The mean age was 23.2 (±3.9) years. There was no difference in the EI overall score and in the different EI domains scores among the students from the three years. Pearson’s test showed a weak positive correlation between age and total score (r=0.172; p=0.013) and perception of emotion (r=0.236; p=0.001). Multiple regression showed a significant positive association between age and the total score (p=0.040), Perception of Emotion (padjusted=0.013) and Managing Others’ Emotions (padjusted=0.020). A significant reduction in the total score (padjusted=0.033), in Managing Own Emotions (padjusted&lt;0.001) and in the Managing Others’ Emotions (padjusted=0.025) was found for volunteers who reported a previous mental disorder. Conclusion: High levels of EI were observed in the 3 years. No association was observed between different EI scores and the course year. There was a positive correlation between age and total EI score, Perception of Emotions, Managing Own Emotions and Managing Others’ Emotions. The presence of a mental disorder was associated with a reduction in the total score and the scores for Managing Own Emotions and Managing Others’ Emotions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14279440
title: Transgender Population under the Bioethics Perspective: a Panorama of the Curricula and Bioethics Courses of Medical Schools of the State of São Paulo

description: Abstract: Introduction: Transgender people are subject to discrimination and illness due to social marginalization and lack of access to basic rights, especially health care. They suffer from the inadequacy of care directed to basic health demands, high incidence of diseases and non-fulfillment of specific demands. The vulnerability of these people reaches a disturbing level due to disrespectful attitudes that lead trans people to avoid seeking help. Understanding that medical education geared to the needs of marginalized populations is the basis for universal access and adequate care, it is essential that medical schools define contents and pedagogical strategies for vulnerable groups. The aim of this study was to investigate and discuss how (and if) the topic of transgender people healthcare is contemplated in the undergraduate curriculum of medical schools in the state of São Paulo. Method: Exploratory, descriptive-analytical study based on data collected from medical schools in São Paulo, conducted in two stages: 1st, documentary research on the inclusion of the topic of trans people health in the undergraduate curricula; 2nd, research with teachers of the Bioethics courses, where a questionnaire was applied to evaluate how and if the topic is approached as a programmatic content. The data obtained in the 1st stage were analyzed quantitatively and are presented as relative frequencies of the evaluated characteristics, while those of the 2nd stage were analyzed through the descriptive statistical method (closed questions) and content analysis (open questions). Results: We identified references to the trans topic in the formal curricula of only 2 of the 32 surveyed medical schools, with a total of 5 citations on the topic. Analyzing the questionnaires applied to teachers in the area of bioethics, we found reports of discussions on this topic in 5/12 (42%) schools. Although all participants consider the topic to be important, only 7/12 (58%) consider themselves prepared to address it. Conclusion: It is postulated that the evident lack of content aimed at trans health in medical schools can make it difficult to reduce transphobia and develop more dignified services within the healthcare network for these people. Based on the subsidies found in the Bioethics of Protection theoretical framework, we believe the medical curricula and Bioethics courses should create spaces to address this issue, using different and effectively transformative pedagogical practices, and respecting gender identity in all environments.