cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5285/f539567f-a8cd-482e-89b8-64a951b52d93
title: Functional and epiphytic biodiversity differences between nine tree species in the UK

description: The dataset contains information from 234 trees at six sites across the UK collected in 2018. The tree species studied were Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore), Castanea sativa (sweet chestnut), Fagus sylvatica (beech), Fraxinus excelsior (common ash), Quercus cerris (Turkey oak), Q. petraea (sessile oak), Q. robur (pedunculate oak), Q. rubra (red oak) and Tilia x europaea (common lime). 

The presence of all lichens and bryophyte species on the trunk to a height of 1.75m were recorded in addition to the presence of the lichens on branches and twigs where these were accessible. The bark characteristics recorded were bark pH, ridge and furrow width, furrow depth, hardness, water holding capacity and the bark patterning. The soil variables studied were: nitrogen mineralization and decomposition rate, total soil carbon and nitrogen, loss on ignition, soil pH and soil temperature. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data from the soil samples is also presented along with data on site location and the habitat characteristics surrounding the sampled trees.
description: Lichen and bryophyte data were collected in the field. Unknown species were collected and identified in the lab. Rare species were doubled checked by species experts. Soil chemistry analysis and FTIR followed standard protocols and quality controls as detailed by James Hutton Institute analytical. The data was checked posted entry.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/wjd1yg
title: Spatial Disaggregation, Relative Risks, Replication Data

description: Code, data for "Spatial Disaggregation for Relative Risks, with an Application to Drug Related Problems in North East England"
DOI: 10.5285/5dd624a9-55c9-4cc0-b366-d335991073c7
title: Model estimates of topsoil pH and bulk density [Countryside Survey]

description: Countryside Survey topsoil pH and bulk density (g cm-3) data is representative of 0 - 15 cm soil depth. Topsoil pH was measured using 10g of field moist soil with 25ml de-ionised water giving a ratio of soil to water of 1:2.5 by weight; bulk density was estimated by making detailed weight measurements throughout the soil processing procedure. For topsoil pH and bulk density data, a total of 2614 cores from 591 1km x 1km squares across Great Britain were collected and analysed in 2007. Please see Emmett et al. 2010 for further details of sampling and methods (http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5201/1/CS_UK_2007_TR3%5B1%5D.pdf).

Estimates of mean values within selected habitats and parent material characteristics across GB were made using CS data from 1978, 1998 and 2007 using a mixed model approach. Please see Scott, 2008 for further details of similar statistical analysis (http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/5202/1/CS_UK_2007_TR4%5B1%5D.pdf). The estimated means of habitat /parent material combinations using 2007 data are modelled on dominant habitat and parent material characteristics derived from the Land Cover Map 2007 and Parent Material Model 2009, respectively. The parent material characteristic used was that which minimised AIC in each model (see Dataset Documentation). 

The Countryside Survey looks at a range of physical, chemical and biological properties of the topsoil from a representative sample of habitats across the UK. Countryside Survey soils data are freely available under licence from the Environmental Information Data Centre catalogue.
description: Data used are taken from the Countryside Survey Soils Report (Emmett et al. 2010) which can be found at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/9354/1/CS_UK_2007_TR9.pdf

Areas, such as urban and littoral rock, are not sampled by CS and therefore have no associated data. Also, in some circumstances sample sizes for particular habitat / parent material combinations were insufficient to estimate mean values.
DOI: 10.5285/d850fcd2-b70a-415e-acf4-fc27b38d59c1
title: Plant census and microenvironment dataset from Mt. Baldy, Colorado, USA, 2014-2017

description: The data comprise a long-term study of alpine plant community dynamics in the Gunnison National Forest of Colorado. The data comprise annual census data for all plants (including seedlings) in each of 50 2x2m plots, including information on size, reproduction, life stage, and mortality, with all plants identified and geo-located. These data are also made available transformed to provide individual-level estimates of growth, survival, fecundity, and recruitment. The dataset covers several thousand individuals of approximately twenty species, and highlights an apparent pattern of demographic decline.

The data also include information on microenvironment / microedaphic variation at 2 m resolution covering the entire research site, including information on temperatures, topography, soil chemistry, soil texture, and other variables.

The data also include information on the functional traits of many of the species present at the site, including information on biomass allocation, leaf traits, root traits, seed traits, and floral traits.
description: In 2014 a set of 50 2x2 m plots were established on primarily bare screefield on a southeast-facing ridgeline on Mt Baldy in the Gunnison National Forest of southwestern Colorado. Annually all individual plants are mapped, permanently tagged, and followed for growth, reproduction, mortality, and recruitment. These data were continued through 2017 in the present dataset. In 2015 several individuals of each species were excavated with roots, harvested, and measured for a range of functional traits. Prior to excavation some additional traits were measured on living individuals. In 2016 iButton dataloggers were deployed on a 2m grid pattern at the site, and soil samples were taken at the same points.

Samples were analyzed in a soils lab and used to provide environmental and edaphic information for the site.
DOI: 10.5285/e687330b-a0f7-45a1-b58c-398e67da3028
title: Countryside Survey 2007 estimates of linear feature lengths in Great Britain

description: This dataset consists of stock (length) data for linear features across Great Britain in 2007. The data are national estimates generated by analysing the sample data from 591 1km squares surveyed for the Countryside Survey long term monitoring project, then scaling up to a national level. The data are presented as mean lengths for 7 different feature categories within 45 different Land Class categories, based on the ITE Land Classification. The Countryside Survey is a unique study or 'audit' of the natural resources of the UK's countryside, carried out by the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology. The sample sites are chosen from a stratified random sample, based on a 15 by 15 km grid of GB. Surveys have been carried out in 1978, 1984, 1990, 1998 and 2007 with repeated visits to the majority of squares. The countryside is sampled and surveyed using rigorous scientific methods, allowing us to compare new results with those from previous surveys. In this way we can detect the gradual and subtle changes that occur in the UK's countryside over time. In addition to linear features, habitat areas, species plot, soil plot, freshwater habitat and satellite map data are also produced by Countryside Survey.
description: The data were recorded using electronic data capture devices in the summer of 2007 by surveyors. Data were recorded from 591 1km squares sited across Britain, selected by random stratified sample. The data were used to generate national estimates of the stock of linear features for Great Britain using the standard Countryside Survey methodology (refer to the online documentation). Estimates are presented by ITE Land Class (2007 version), as mean length per Land Class.
DOI: 10.5285/9c2e8b85-48ab-48c9-b69d-dd676a5d086f
title: Elemental analysis of soil in the Ningbo watershed, China

description: Elemental analysis of 80 soil samples taken in the Ningbo Watershed, in the Zhangxi catchment, Eastern China. Variables measured include As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, P, Pb, and lead isotope ratios along with concentrations of Zn, Ca and K. Data was collected in March 2016 and analysed at Queens Belfast University. The data was collected and analysed as part of a NERC NSFC funded multi project research programme UK- China Critical Zone Observation Programme. 
description: 80 soil samples, including 40 from cropland, 11 from orchards and 29 from forests, were collected in a typical peri-urban catchment. All soil samples were collected with a stainless hand auger and stored in snap-sealed polypropylene bags. Soil samples were dried in a Christ LD freeze dryer, sieved and milled (except for pH and soil texture determination) by hand to a fine powder in a mortar and pestle. The concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, P, Pb, and lead isotope ratios, were determined with the ICP-MS (Thermo Scientific iCAP Q) in direct solution acquisition mode using a Cetac ASX-520 Auto Sampler. The concentrations of Zn, Ca and K were determined with an X-ray fluorescence (Rigaku Nex CG bentchtop XRF).
DOI: 10.5285/ae02f4e8-9486-4b47-93ef-e49dd9ddecd4
title: A 'Reference Site' in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone: radionuclide and stable element data, and estimated dose rates

description: Data comprise radionuclide activity concentrations, stable element concentrations and both radionuclide and stable element concentration ratios for vegetation and wildlife samples collected in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) in 2014.  Estimated absorbed dose rates for wildlife in the CEZ are also presented.

Samples of soil, wild grass, earthworms, bees and other insects, small mammals, pine trees and frogs were collected in May and June 2014; frogspawn was collected in April 2015. Data were used to assess the uptake of radionuclides by wildlife living in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ) and also absorbed dose rates.

The isotopes measured were: Americium-241, Caesium-137, Plutonium-238, -239 and -240, Strontium-90 (K-40 and U-238 activity concentrations were estimated from stable element data).

Funding for this work was via the TREE project funded by the NERC, Environment Agency and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd. under the RATE programme.
description: The sampling site (0.4 km2) was located towards the western edge of the Red Forest, approximately 5 km west-southwest of the Chernobyl Unit Number 4).  The site was not within the area where pine trees were killed by high exposure levels in 1986. Most of the site was formerly used as kitchen gardens ('dacha') by the residents of Pripyat. With the exception of Pinus sylvestris, all samples were collected from an area of the former kitchen gardens with a number of fruit trees which was about 0.06 km2 in area; this is subsequently referred to as the 'inner sampling area'. The predominant soil type of the sampling site was soddy-podzolic sandy loam and the surrounding habitats were largely deciduous woodland (some of which was previously agricultural land) and marsh.
 All samples were collected over a period of about 1 month in May/June 2014. Although sampling was focussed on species falling into the ICRP RAP definitions (after Barnett et al. 2014), additional species caught were analysed for 90Sr and 137Cs activity concentrations. 

Sample types include wild grass, pine tree, earthworm, bee and other insects, small mammals (mice, vole, doormouse, shrew), amphibians and soil.
DOI: 10.5285/001ab5e0-32a2-4ec7-a6c9-9bad57c46ee6
title: Ammonia measurements from passive samplers at Ballynahone Bog field site, Northern Ireland, 2019

description: This dataset consists of ammonia (NH3) measurements from a set of ALPHA (Adapted Low-cost Passive High Absorption) sampler sites at Ballynahone National Nature Reserve, a designated Area of Special Scientific Interest (ASSI), Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and Ramsar (wetland of international importance designated under the Ramsar Convention) site in Northern Ireland. The park is an ammonia sensitive peatland ecosystem managed locally by Ulster Wildlife Trust (UWT). The data were originally collected due to concern that Ballynahone Bog may be adversely affected by NH3 emissions arising from local livestock installations.

description: Local site operator duties are completed by Ulster Wildlife Trust (UWT) and analysis and plotting of results is completed by the UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Edinburgh. Samplers are exposed in monthly cycles at the beginning of each month.
Data analysis and preparation is conducted using the AAGA data processing tool.
DOI: 10.5285/bc10f720-2bb6-4ff4-ad63-257663fd41a3
title: Morphology phenotype data of 88 types of galls induced on oak trees by cynipid gallwasps from 6 sites in Hungary, 2000-2003

description: These data consist of quantitative and categorical scores for phenotypic attributes of 88 types of galls induced on oak trees (Quercus spp.) by cynipid gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). The recorded variables focus on attributes such as hardness, presence of surface spines or coatings of sticky resin, each of which are thought to contribute to protection of the gall inhabitants form attack by natural enemies such as parasitoid wasps and birds. Cynipid galls have separate sexual and asexual generation galls, each with different phenotypes. The dataset comprises values for 31 sexual generation galls and 58 asexual generation galls of a total of 69 cynipid species. The biological rationale for regarding these phenotypic traits as defences is explained in Bailey et al (2009). The purpose of these data is to include them as explanatory variables in statistical analyses that seek to quantify the effects of gall traits on the composition and abundance of parasitoid natural enemies in cynipid gall communities.
description: The data were recorded for field samples of galls collected from 6 sites in Hungary in 2000-2003 as part of a study first published by Bailey et al (2009). There are 16 data columns, each providing information on a phenotypic properties scored as binary categorical (a particular trait is either present or absent), categorical (e.g. galls are allocated to a particular shape class), ordinal (for example, a ranked series of values of 1-4 is used to measure increasing gall hardness), or continuous (linear measurements of gall radius, height and volume). Scores for the ordinal variable ‘Tough’ were validated using continuous penetration scores recorded using a QTS-25 benchtop texture analyser (data not shown). Gall identifications were based on diagnostic features of external gall phenotypes by experienced field staff. Where necessary, gallwasp identifications were confirmed using DNA barcoding.
DOI: 10.5285/cce747ad-7536-4669-a244-d8bc48693cc7
title: Multivariate life history phenotype of 56 Daphnia magna clones reared in four different environments (factorial cross of temperature x food)

description: This dataset contains information about the multivariate plastic life-history responses and thermal tolerance capability of 56 Daphnia magna clones exposed to 4 different environments. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory at the University of Liverpool in 2017. The work was part of a larger mesocosm study that aimed to tease apart how plasticity and genetic diversity influence the evolutionary potential of natural populations. 

Life history data were measured in common garden experiments. For each clone of the same genotype across all environments, we measured:
  length at maturity;
  length at second clutch;
  age at maturity;
  age at second clutch;
  juvenile growth rate ((length at maturity - length as neonate) / age at maturity);
  adult growth rate ((length at second clutch - length at maturity) / (age at second clutch-age at maturity));
  average fecundity (across clutches 1 and 2);  and
  average offspring size (across clutches 1 and 2)

The work was supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/K007394/1).
description: The data were collected by the authors as part of a NERC Highlight grant (Grant NE/N016017/1).

1) Daphnia magna clones used in the experiment were isolated from Brown Moss in Shropshire (52 deg 57' 01'' N 2deg 39' 05'' W) and Lake Ring in Denmark (55 deg 57' 51.83'' N, 9 deg 35' 46.87'' E) and the Camargue in Southern France as hatched resting eggs.

2) The plasticity of each clone was assayed by rearing all clones in common garden studies using 4 different environments (factorial cross of food and temperature).

3) The life-history of the 56 D. magna clones in each environment was assayed by photographing neonates, upon reaching maturity (measured as eggs in the brood pouch) and upon releasing their second clutch, using a Canon EOS 350D digital camera connected to a Leica MZ6 dissecting microscope. The number of neonates each individual produced in their 1st and 2nd clutch were counted and five neonates in each clutch were photographed to obtain an estimate of offspring size. Body size was measured as the distance from the top of the head to the base of the tail-spine using the image analysis software, (ImageJ version 1.45s). After mothers released their second clutch, their thermal tolerance (CTmax) was assayed as described by Geerts et al. (2015) allowing animals an acclimation period of 15 mins at 21 deg C followed by a ramping period of 40 s/deg C from 21 deg C to 50 deg C. 

All data were checked, verified and processed for analysis. Critical thermal maximum (CTmax) was measured as in (Geerts et al., 2015).
DOI: 10.5285/a85756f9-2685-4ec4-ac44-3210425ba70e
title: Radioisotope concentrations of soil samples from UK saltmarshes collected between 2018 and 2021

description: The dataset details radioisotope concentrations (210Pb, 214Pb, 137Cs, 241Am) of 1358 down core soil samples collected from 19 saltmarshes across the UK between 2018 -2021.

The work was carried out under the NERC programme - Carbon Storage in Intertidal Environment (C-SIDE), NERC grant reference NE/R010846/1
description: Across UK saltmarshes wide diameter (60mm) soil cores were collected. The location of each coring site was recorded using Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS). Prior to analysis the samples were stored at 4 degrees Celsius. Upon return to the laboratory the cores were described following the Troels-Smith scheme. The cores were sub-sampled at 1cm intervals and radioisotope measurements was undertaken using standard analytical procedures (detailed in the supporting documentation). All laboratory equipment were calibrated in accordance with the laboratory practises at the University of Plymouth. Results were recorded on to lab sheets and transferred into an Excel file. Results were exported as comma separated value (.csv) files for ingestion into the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/b63fbb6c-5030-43a1-b0ea-160bb5a83078
title: Effect of ozone on modern clover cultivars

description: Data includes impacts on root nodule biomass, stomatal conductance, injury rates, and N-fixation in the white clover cultivar (T. repens cv. crusader). An ozone-exposure experiment was conducted in solardomes during the spring and summer of year 2012 on modern clover (Trifolium spp.) cultivars. The effects of ozone pollution (30, 35, 40, 45, 52, 67 parts per billion (ppb) treatment means) on the growth and functioning of the clover cultivars was investigated. Both cultivars had positive increases in ozone-injury rates, although stomatal conductance was unaffected by ozone exposure. Reductions in root nodule biomass and nodule number occurred in white clover, and red clover displayed an increase in nodule density. Nitrogen fixation rates were suppressed in white clover, which could have important implications for the sustainability of managed pasture. The work was carried out as part of a NERC funded PhD. Project number NEC04456. 
description: White clover (Trifolium repens cv. Crusader) and red clover (Trifolium pratense cv. Merviot) were exposed to elevated ozone (mean concentrations 30, 35, 40, 45, 52, 67 parts per billion (ppb)) in solardomes for a period of 12 weeks in the early summer of year 2012. Data was first recorded in the field in field notebooks, and was then transferred to electronic copies (MS Excel worksheets). Data was then exported as .csv files for ingestion into the Environmental Information Data Centre.
DOI: 10.5285/32392c33-8cbe-434a-a582-ab8425a5062c
title: Conwy stream and estuary water quality data (2013-2016) [Turf2Surf]

description: The data comprise water quality measurements taken from streams and rivers in the Conwy catchment and its estuary from March 2013 to October 2016. Depending on water type and sampling location the data consist of concentrations of major cations and anions, pH, conductivity, alkalinity, suspended material and coliforms. Samples were collected manually or by automatic sampler. Analysis was carried out at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) Bangor, CEH Lancaster and Bangor University laboratories. The data were collected provide information on the relationship between stream water quality, primarily macronutrient concentrations, and catchment and hydrological characteristics. The data are used to drive a catchment scale water quality model, and to investigate nutrient ratios and limitation with respect to land cover and management. All sampling and analysis was carried out by trained members of staff from the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and Bangor University.

This data was assembled under the NERC project 'The Multi-Scale Response of Water quality, Biodiversity and Carbon Sequestration to Coupled Macronutrient Cycling from Source to Sea' (Turf2Surf).
description: Water samples were collected at the field sites either by hand or by automatic samplers.  After collection in the field, samples were stored in the dark at 4 degrees Celsius prior to analysis. Samples were analysed by analytical chemists at the Centre for Ecology & Hydrology (CEH) Bangor, CEH Lancaster and Bangor University laboratories. Concentration data were assembled and stored in a Microsoft Access database. Data was extracted from the Access database as a comma separated value file for submission to the EIDC.
DOI: 10.5285/789bea37-0450-4822-9857-3dc848feb937
title: Gross Primary Productivity simulations of Great Britain for emulation, 2001-2010 from JULES land surface model

description: This data is an ensemble of  Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) simulations, ran for a select set of 1kmx1km grid cells in Great Britain, each with a different set of parameter values, from 2001 to 2010.

The data includes simulated Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) for 5 different plant functional types on an 8-day average. (Broadleaf trees, Needleleaf trees, C3 grasses, Shrubs, and Cropland) as well as the weighted combined sum.

These simulations were obtained to facilitate statistical emulation, which is why a wide range of grid cells and parameter values were used (both also provided in the data set).

The work was funded by the Natural Environment Research Council through research grant NE/T004177/1 JULES EMulator of ecosystem services (JEM)
description: Data was simulated on Jasmin, the UK's data analysis facility for environmental science, processed into 8-day averages, and combined with the adjusted input parameters and grid cell locations. It was then deposited into the EIDC as comma seperated files.