cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k6djh9wbn
title: Developmental heat stress interrupts spermatogenesis inducing early male sterility in Drosophila melanogaster

description: Thermal stress leads to fertility reduction, can cause temporal sterility
 and thus results in fitness loss with severe ecological and evolutionary
 consequences, e.g., threatening species persistence already at sub-lethal
 temperatures. For males we here tested which developmental stage is
 particularly sensitive to heat stress in the model species Drosophila
 melanogaster. As developmental stages characterize the different steps of
 sperm development, we could narrow down which particular processes are
 heat sensitive. We studied early male reproductive ability and, by
 following recovery dynamics after a move to benign temperatures, we
 investigated the mechanisms behind a subsequent gain of fertility. We
 found strong support to suggest that the last steps of spermatogenesis are
 particularly sensitive to heat stress, as processes occurring during the
 pupal stage were mostly interrupted, delaying both sperm production and
 sperm maturation. Moreover, further measurements in the testes and for
 proxies of sperm availability indicating the onset of adult reproductive
 capacity matched the expected heat-induced delay in completing
 spermatogenesis.  We discuss these results within the context of
 how heat stress affects reproductive organ function and the consequences
 for male reproductive potential.
description: We exposed
 <em>Drosophila</em> males to different stressful temperatures
 throughout development with the opportunity to recover as adults or not.
 We measured several sperm-related traits like availability of mature sperm
 to infer causes of fertility loss and sterility. We also allowed
 individuals to start recovery at different time points during development,
 from the egg to the pupariation phase and hence, identified the stages
 most vulnerable to heat stress. All developmental stages from the
 fertilization of an egg representing the development of the testes until
 the production and maturation of sperm were
 considered.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3r2280gmh
title: Data from: Biotic pressures and environmental heterogeneity shape beta-diversity of seedling communities in tropical montane forests

description: Many theories have been proposed to explain the high diversity of plants
 in the tropics. However, we lack an understanding of the processes that
 drive plant diversity and community assembly at different spatial scales.
 Here, we applied beta-diversity partitioning to test how biotic and
 abiotic factors are associated with seedling beta-diversity in a tropical
 montane forest in Southern Ecuador. We recorded seedling communities on 81
 subplots at nine plots located at three elevations along a 2000-m
 elevational gradient. We measured biotic pressures (i.e. herbivory and
 fungal pathogen attacks) and environmental conditions (i.e. soil moisture
 and canopy closure) at all subplots and related them to species turnover
 and richness differences in seedling communities within and between
 elevations. We found that species turnover increased with differences in
 biotic dissimilarity within elevations, while differences in species
 richness within elevations increased with increasing environmental
 dissimilarity. Between elevations, species turnover increased with
 increasing environmental dissimilarity. Our findings show that species
 turnover and changes in species richness are related differently to
 abiotic and biotic factors, and that the importance of these factors for
 shaping seedling diversity is scale-dependent. Our study contributes to
 better understand the processes driving seedling beta-diversity and the
 assembly of plant communities in highly diverse tropical montane forests.
description: Seedling recruitment along the elevational gradient (1000, 2000
 and 3000 m a.s.l.) in primary forest of Podocarpus National Park and San
 Francisco Reserve. The data was collected on 81 study subplots in the
 years 2019 and 2020.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.573n5tbcb
title: Small rodent abundance and rainfall data

description: Rodent outbreaks or irruptions in semiarid Chile are associated with
 rainfall pulses driven by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). During
 the last decade, north-central Chile has experienced an almost
 uninterrupted sequence of dry years, the so-called megadrought, which had
 led to a new ecological situation in this region. We employ a
 diagnostic approach to analyze the abundance of data regarding two rodent
 species, Phyllotis darwini and Abrothrix
 olivacea, using a 33-yr time series spanning from 1987 to 2019. Our
 population dynamic models provide evidence of competitive interactions
 within and among both species of rodents. This result is novel since
 rainfall variability influences the degree of interspecific competition
 and is asymmetric. The diagnostic approach used here
 offers a way to develop simple population models that
 are useful for understanding the causes of population
 fluctuations and for predicting population changes under a climate change
 scenario. 
description: <strong>Rodent and
 precipitation data</strong> The empirical data come from a time series of 33
 years for <em>Phyllotis</em>
 <em>darwini</em> and <em>Abrothrix</em>
 <em>olivacea</em> abundances in the Reserve. These rodents
 were inventoried with mark-release live trapping (Sherman traps) on two
 sites (xeric and mesic slopes, 1.1 ha each) for four days in summer,
 autumn, winter, and spring, from 1987 to 2019. Each grid had 7 x 7
 live-trapping stations spaced 15 m, covering an area of 105 x 105 m
 including a peripheral boundary strip of 7.5 m.  We calculated an index of
 population density based on the minimum number known alive (MNKA) per ha
 assuming a 7.5-m buffer around trapping grids. Although the use of closed
 Capture-Mark-Recapture (CMR) models for estimating population size is less
 biased, we preferred to use the MNKA index to be consistent with previous
 studies (Lima et al. 1999, 2002). Both xeric and mesic grids were
 activated simultaneously during three consecutive nights in either slope.
 All traps remained permanently in the field and were closed when not used.
 Traps were baited with rolled oats and checked each morning. The
 individuals captured were identified to species and information was
 collected on size, sex, and weight, and coded to avoid overestimating the
 count (see Lima et al. 1999 for more details). Precipitation data were
 obtained from Chile's climate explorer
 (CR)<sup>2</sup> (https://explorador.cr2.cl/).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5mkkwh79w
title: Sponge diversification in marine lakes: implications for phylogeography and population genomic studies on sponges

description: The relative influence of geography, currents and environment on gene flow
 within sessile marine species remains an open question. Detecting subtle
 genetic differentiation at small scales is challenging in benthic
 populations due to large effective population sizes, general lack of
 resolution in genetic markers, and because barriers to dispersal often
 remain elusive. Marine lakes can circumvent confounding factors by
 providing discrete and replicated ecosystems. Using high-resolution double
 digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (4,826 Single Nucleotide
 Polymorphisms, SNPs), we genotyped populations of the sponge Suberites
 diversicolor (n=125) to test the relative importance of spatial scales
 (1-1,400km), local environmental regimes, and permeability of seascape
 barriers in shaping population genomic structure. With the SNP dataset we
 show strong intra-lineage population structure, even at scales
 &lt;10km (average FST = 0.63), that was not detected previously using
 single markers. Most variation was explained by differentiation between
 populations (AMOVA: 48.8%) with signatures of population size declines and
 bottlenecks per lake. Though the populations were strongly structured, we
 did not detect significant effects of geographic distance, local
 environments, or degree of connection to the sea on population structure,
 suggesting mechanisms such as founder events with subsequent priority
 effects may be at play. We show that the inclusion of morphologically
 cryptic lineages that can be detected with the COI marker can reduce the
 obtained SNP set by almost 90%. Future work on sponge genomics should
 confirm that only one lineage is included. Our results call for a
 reassessment of poorly dispersing benthic organisms that were previously
 assumed to be highly connected based on low-resolution markers.
description: Tissue samples from the sponge <em>Suberites
 diversicolor</em> were sampled from two lagoon locations and nine
 marine lakes in the Indo-Pacific (Australia and Indonesia). DNA was
 extracted using the Blood & Tissue kit from Qiagen. In total 125
 individuals were successfully sequenced using Illumina HiSeq 2500,
 employing a RAD-seq strategy. Custom scripts (provided) and open source
 programs (see methodology of paper) were employed to create a de-novo
 reference and align reads.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.p8cz8w9vk
title: How does the timing of weapon loss influence reproductive traits and trade-offs in the insect Narnia femorata?

description: A longstanding goal of evolutionary biology is to understand
 among-individual variation in resource allocation decisions and the timing
 of these decisions. Recent studies have shown that investment in elaborate
 and costly weapons can result in trade-offs with investment in testes. In
 this study, we ask at what point plasticity in resource allocation to
 these different structures ceases during development, if at all?
 Furthermore, can individuals tailor their reproductive behavior to
 accompany structural changes? We experimentally addressed these questions
 in the insect Narnia femorata, quantifying resource reallocation across
 development for the first time, using a phenotypic engineering approach.
 To investigate whether allocation plasticity diminishes throughout
 ontogeny, we induced weapon loss at a range of different developmental
 stages and examined subsequent testes mass and reproductive behavior. We
 found that relative testes mass increased as weapon investment decreased,
 implying a direct trade-off between testes and weapon investment. However,
 autotomy post-adulthood ceased to induce larger testes mass. Intriguingly,
 losing a weapon while young was associated with extended adult mating
 duration, potentially enabling compensation for reduced fighting ability.
 Our results highlight the importance of examining the ontogeny of
 trade-offs between reproductive traits and the flexibility of the
 relationship between reproductive morphology and behavior.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.44j0zpcjm
title: Plant water use strategies predict restoration success across degraded drylands

description: Plant strategies for coping with water limitation are likely to mediate
 restoration outcomes in degraded dryland ecosystems. Tradeoffs in traits
 related to water acquisition and use can intensify in more arid
 environments, making their effects on dryland restoration success even
 more salient. However, isolating the effects of drought responses from
 those of other environmental factors, as well as identifying the specific
 drought resistance traits that influence restoration success, can be
 difficult. In the present study, we couple a controlled dry-down
 experiment with a cross-site restoration field trial of out-planted
 seedlings (RestoreNet) using a suite of dryland herbaceous plant species
 from the same seed sources. We quantified interspecific variation in
 physiological responses to drought, specifically reductions in stomatal
 conductance (gs) and stem water potential (SWP), by comparing well-watered
 control plants to those experiencing decreasing soil moisture. Drought
 responses of SWP and gs varied independently among species, but both were
 related to survival in the cross-site restoration field trial when effect
 sizes were aggregated across all sites. Responses were consistent with
 acquisitive water use strategies resulting in greater success, where
 species with greater declines in SWP or weaker declines in gs under
 drought had greater survival. The correlation between SWP drought response
 and survival also intensified in sites with lower accumulated
 precipitation following restoration. Differences among functional groups
 revealed two different paths to restoration success: forbs that maintain
 high gs and narrow safety margins to maximize exploitation of moisture
 pulses before going into drought dormancy, or C4 grasses that maintain
 efficient water uptake in drying soils while risking cavitation. C3 grass
 species varied between these two strategies. Synthesis and applications:
 Taken together, the results of this study and others conducted at
 RestoreNet sites indicate that while a diversity of physiological
 responses to drought may exist in dryland plant communities, successfully
 restoring herbaceous species through out-planting in degraded conditions
 is likely to be achieved with species that maximize water uptake via one
 of two strategies, with tolerance of low SWP being particularly important
 in the most arid settings.
description: Data in this study include (1) survival values from RestoreNet
 field sites, and (2) physiological data from a controlled, mesocosm
 dry-down experiment. Data were QA/QC'd in Excel and processed in
 R.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31073377
title: Mix design effects

description: This database focuses on the effects of mix design parameters on the mechanical properties and damage evolution of recycled aggregate concrete. It contains systematically generated data from mesoscale numerical modelling, including variations in key mix design variables such as recycled aggregate replacement ratio, aggregate grading, mortar content, and interfacial transition zone properties. The database provides corresponding outputs in terms of stress–strain behaviour, elastic modulus, peak strength, damage evolution, and crack development patterns.<br><br>
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.31073377.v1
title: Mix design effects

description: This database focuses on the effects of mix design parameters on the mechanical properties and damage evolution of recycled aggregate concrete. It contains systematically generated data from mesoscale numerical modelling, including variations in key mix design variables such as recycled aggregate replacement ratio, aggregate grading, mortar content, and interfacial transition zone properties. The database provides corresponding outputs in terms of stress–strain behaviour, elastic modulus, peak strength, damage evolution, and crack development patterns.<br><br>
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x69p8czp0
title: Supporting results and data for assessing impacts of the Grassy Ridge Fire on greater sage-grouse space use in eastern Idaho, USA

description: Global change has altered the nature of disturbance regimes and megafire
 events are increasingly common. Megafires result in immediate changes to
 habitat available to terrestrial wildlife over broad landscapes, yet we
 know surprisingly little about how such changes shape space use of
 sensitive species in habitat that remains. Functional responses provide a
 framework for understanding and predicting changes in space use following
 habitat alteration, but no previous studies have assessed functional
 responses as a consequence of megafire. We studied space use and tested
 for functional responses in habitat use by breeding greater sage-grouse
 (Centrocercus urophasianus) before and after landscape-level changes
 induced by a &gt;40,000 ha, high-intensity megafire that burned
 sagebrush-steppe in eastern Idaho, USA. We also incorporated functional
 responses into predictive resource selection functions (RSFs) to map
 breeding habitat before and after the fire. Megafire had strong effects on
 the distribution of available resources and resulted in context-dependent
 habitat use that was heterogeneous across different components of habitat.
 We observed functional responses in use and selection of a variety of
 resources (shrubs and herbaceous vegetation) for both nesting and brood
 rearing. Functional responses in use of nesting habitat were influenced by
 the overarching effect of megafire on vegetation, whereas responses during
 brood rearing appeared to be driven by individual variation in available
 resources that was conditional on nest locations. Importantly, RSFs built
 using data collected prior to the burn also had poor transferability for
 predicting space use in a post-megafire landscape. These results have
 strong implications for understanding and predicting how animals respond
 to a rapidly changing environment, given that increased severity,
 frequency, and extent of wildfire are consequences of global change with
 the capacity to reshape ecosystems. We therefore demonstrate a conceptual
 framework to better understand space use and aid habitat conservation for
 wildlife in a rapidly changing world.
description: The data files contain data used to conduct analyses of
 functional responses in space use for nesting, early brood rearing, and
 late brood rearing greater sage-grouse. Each R object (nesting.data,
 early,brood.data, and late.brood.data) is a list containing 2 elements.
 The first element (accessed, for example, via nesting.data[[1]]) is
 another list, where each element is a data set for analysis approaches 1
 and 2 for each vegetation variable of interest. The second element
 (accessed, for example, via nesting.data[[2]]) is a data frame with the
 data used to fit resource selection functions described in the manuscript
 (with covariate data already standardized).  The pdf
 file contains additional supplemental results not presented in the
 manuscript.
DOI: 10.7280/d1498p
title: Evidence for multi-decadal fuel buildup in a large California wildfire from smoke radiocarbon measurements

description: Over the past several decades, the annual burned area in California's
 Sierra Nevada mountains has increased considerably, with significant
 social, economic, and ecosystem impacts that provide motivation for
 understanding how the history of forest management influences the
 composition of fuels and emissions in wildfires. Here, we measured the
 carbon concentration and radiocarbon abundance (∆14C) of fire-emitted
 particulate matter from the KNP Complex Fire, which burned through several
 groves of giant sequoia trees in the southern Sierra Nevada mountains
 during California’s 2021 wildfire season. Over a 26-hour sampling period,
 we measured the concentration of fine airborne particulate matter (PM2.5)
 along with carbon monoxide (CO) and methane (CH4) dry air mole fractions
 using a ground-based mobile laboratory. Filter samples of PM2.5 were also
 collected and later analyzed for carbon concentration and ∆14C.
 Covariation of PM2.5, CO, and CH4 time series data confirmed that
 our PM2.5 samples were representative of wildfire emissions. Using a
 Keeling plot approach, we estimated that the mean ∆14C of PM2.5
 was 111.5 ± 2.3‰ (n=12), which is considerably enriched relative to that
 of atmospheric carbon dioxide in the northern hemisphere in 2021 (-3.4 ±
 1.4‰). By combining these ∆14C data with a steady-state one-box ecosystem
 model, we estimated that the mean age of fuels combusted in the KNP
 Complex Fire was 40 ± 6 years. This multi-decadal fuel age provides
 evidence for emissions from woody biomass, coarse woody debris, and
 larger-diameter fine fuels. The combustion of these larger-size fuel
 classes is consistent with independent field observations that indicate
 high fire intensity contributed to widespread giant sequoia mortality.
 With the expanded use of prescribed fires planned over the next decade in
 California to mitigate impacts of wildfires, our measurement approach has
 the potential to provide regionally-integrated estimates of the
 effectiveness of fuel treatment programs.
description: PM<sub>2.5</sub>
 concentrations were collected using a PurpleAir PA-II air quality sensor
 with laser particle counting (PurpleAir, Draper, UT,
 USA). PM<sub>2.5</sub> filter samples were
 analyzed for total carbon (TC) concentration and
 ∆<sup>14</sup>C at the W. M. Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator
 Mass Spectrometry laboratory at the University of California,
 Irvine. Carbon monoxide (CO) and methane
 (CH<sub>4</sub>) dry air mole fractions were measured using a
 wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectrometer (G2401, Picarro, Santa
 Clara, CA, USA).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5tb2rbp8h
title: Drivers of strong isolation and small effective population size at a leading range edge of a widespread plant

description: Climate change has influenced species distributions worldwide with upward
 elevational shifts observed in many systems. Leading range edge
 populations, like those at upper elevation limits, are crucial for climate
 change responses but can exhibit low genetic diversity due to founder
 effects, isolation, or limited outbreeding. These factors can hamper local
 adaptation at range limits. Using the widespread herb, Argentina anserina,
 we measured ecological attributes (population density on the landscape,
 area of population occupancy, and plant and flower density) spanning a
 1000m elevation gradient, with high elevation populations at the range
 limit. We measured vegetative clonal potential in the greenhouse for
 populations spanning the gradient. We combined these data with a ddRAD-seq
 dataset to test the hypotheses that high-elevation populations would
 exhibit ecological and genomic signatures of leading range edge
 populations. We found that population density on the landscape declined
 towards the high elevation limit, as is expected towards range edges.
 However, plant density was elevated within edge populations. In the
 greenhouse, high-elevation plants exhibited stronger clonal potential than
 low-elevation plants, likely explaining increased plant density in the
 field. Phylogeographic analysis supported more recent colonization of
 high-elevation populations which were also more genetically isolated, had
 more extreme heterozygote excess, and had smaller effective population
 size than low. Results support that colonization of high elevations was
 likely accompanied by increased asexuality, contributing to a decline in
 effective population size. Despite high plant density in leading-edge
 populations, their small effective size, isolation, and clonality could
 constrain adaptive potential.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9ghx3ffnj
title: Data from: Soil arthropod communities associated with Berberis thunbergii invasion in a temperate deciduous forest harbor more detritivores

description: Barberry (Berberis thunbergii) is a widely established invasive shrub in
 temperate forests of the northeastern U.S. with the potential to alter
 soil arthropod communities through changes to soil nutrient cycling and
 acidity. We compared soil arthropod taxa and functional feeding groups
 between invaded and nearby control areas in a paired observational survey.
 Community ordination analysis suggested minimal differences between
 barberry and control samples. In contrast, pairwise differences revealed
 elevated densities of multiple taxa in barberry-invaded soils. Among taxa
 that were able to be defined by functional feeding group and were
 collected at higher densities under barberry, all were detritivores. For
 example, barberry-invaded soils harbored an average of 40% more Isopoda
 and more than twice as many Diplopoda per unit dry compared to control
 samples. Differences we observed between barberry and control samples
 despite the limited study spatiotemporal scope demonstrate the potential
 for invasions to restructure soil arthropod communities. Observed patterns
 potentially reflect elevated leaf litter decomposition rates associated
 with the invasion; results also highlight the need to integrate
 site-specific environmental attributes when assessing the impact of
 invading plants on soil ecosystems.