cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/k3dclb
title: Eye movement data for primacy-peak-recency effect-based satisfaction prediction

description: Data retrieval systems supporting the discovery and reuse of open data are emerging as important tools in the open data ecosystem. However, user satisfaction with these systems is relatively low. This study proposes the primacy-peak-recency effect to investigate cognitive mechanisms underlying data searchers’ overall satisfaction. To test the primacy-peak-recency effect, primacy-peak-recency cubes consisting of eye-movement indicators at primacy, peak, and recency moments and their combinations are constructed as the theoretical model. A user experiment was conducted to collect eye-movement data and satisfaction scores generated during 48 doctoral students’ interactions with data retrieval systems. An ensemble machine learning framework was then applied to analyze eye-movement data to assess the theoretical model. The results indicate that the primacy-peak-recency cubes are salient predictors of data searchers’ satisfaction (the prediction accuracy=0.682 and regression R2=0.749). This finding suggests that data searchers’ complex cognitive processes at primacy, peak, and recency moments measured by uni-, bi-, and three-dimensional eye-movement indicators are predictors of overall satisfaction, confirming the primacy-peak-recency effect. In addition, combinations of varying types of influential moments and multidimensional eye-movement events are the best predictors of overall satisfaction. This suggests that influential moments and cognitive processes have additive effects on overall satisfaction. Combining theory-driven and data-driven approaches, this study sheds light on the potential of machine learning approaches for analyzing neuropsychological data for heuristics examination. With these insights, practical strategies to predict data searchers’ satisfaction and optimize the user-experience design of data retrieval systems are proposed.
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/kgrxb
title: House Unpassed Legislation 1840, Docket 788, SC1/series 230, Petition of Lydia E. Chase

description: &lt;p&gt;Petition subject: Against the gag rule &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Original: &lt;a href="http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:10956352"&gt;http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:FHCL:10956352&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Date of creation: (unknown) &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Petition location: Worcester &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Legislator, committee, or address that the petition was sent to: George Bradburn, Nantucket &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Selected signatures:&lt;ol&gt;&lt;li&gt;Lydia E. Chase&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Ann B. Earle&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Hannah Coggeshall&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sarah H. Earle&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt; &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Total signatures: 253 &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Female signatures: 253 &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Female only signatures: Yes &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Identifications of signatories: women, [females], ["others"] &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Prayer format was &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Printing"&gt;printed&lt;/a&gt; vs. &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscript"&gt;manuscript&lt;/a&gt;: Printed &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Additional non-petition or unrelated documents available at archive: no additional documents &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Additional archivist notes: [Lydia Earle Chase] &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Location of the petition at the Massachusetts Archives of the Commonwealth: House Unpassed 1840, Docket 788 &lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Acknowledgements: Supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities (PW-5105612), Massachusetts Archives of the Commonwealth, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University, Center for American Political Studies at Harvard University, Institutional Development Initiative at Harvard University, and Harvard University Library.&lt;/p&gt;
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/berxhl
title: Wright Casebook Edited; Docketed Case: 73-2188
DOI: 10.7910/dvn/oe5ury
title: Supplemental data "The Role of Gut Hormones on Diet-induced Metabolic Flexibility in Healthy Adults"

description: Supplemental data, "The Role of Gut Hormones on Diet-induced Metabolic Flexibility in Healthy Adults"
DOI: 10.15468/dl.dedkkh
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 4344281 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Geometry POLYGON((-5.86784 36.26609,-3.66622 36.26609,-3.66622 37.31441,-5.86784 37.31441,-5.86784 36.26609))",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 4344281 records from 545 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0015035-250525065834625/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.29045351
title: 在 database.xlsx 中存入数据

description: 通常以配子体形式存在的苔藓缺乏真正的根、茎和叶，它们的生理活动对环境变化高度敏感。昼夜温度范围 （DTR） 的增加是全球气候变化的重要特征之一，但苔藓如何响应 DTR 的变化尚不清楚。以典型的耐旱和鹰来苔藓 Grimmia pilifera 为研究对象，设置两种 DTR 处理：20/10 °C （昼/夜;CK） 和 30/10 °C （昼/夜;DTR 增加）。匀浆培养后，在第 7 天、第 14 天和第 21 天进行三个脱水-再水化循环和生理测量，以研究苔藓对 DTR 随时间变化的综合响应。结果表明，在脱水阶段，20/10 °C处理下毛蕨的光化学效率（Fv/Fo和Fv/Fm）显著高于30/10 °C处理，而热耗散量子产额（φDo）显著降低（P &lt; 0.01）。相比之下，在再水化阶段观察到相反的趋势。随着脱水时间的延长，与脱水 24 h 相比，两种温度处理均显示脱水 24 h 后 Fv/Fo 和 Fv/Fm 降低，而 φDo、DIo/RC 和 ABS/RC 增加。脱水过程中相对含水量 （RWC） 随时间推移而下降，再水化时，30/10 °C 处理下 RWC 回收率显著低于 20/10 °C 处理下 （P &lt; 0.05）。总体而言，30/10°C 处理对 MDA 含量的负面影响更明显，抗氧化酶 （主要是 CAT） 活性较低，渗透调节物质 （PRO， SP） 水平较高。植物性状网络分析表明，20/10 °C处理下第7、14、21天的核心性状分别为RWC、PI abs和ETo/RC;而在 30/10 °C 处理下，核心性状分别为 PI abs 、 SP 和 PRO 含量。20/10 °C 处理下性状网络结构的稳定性高于 30/10 °C 处理下。汇总数据分析表明，两种处理下的核心性状均为光合参数（Fv/Fo 在 20/10 °C 下，PI abs 在 30/10 °C 下），表明在不同 DTR 下，G. pilifera 的性状网络结构和核心性状随时间表现出差异变化，但总体上依赖于光合系统的协调调节来应对环境胁迫。这些发现为苔藓如何应对全球气候变化提供了新的生理和生态学见解。
DOI: 10.3535/72k-sjc-9py
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/tsm-pl4-mp7
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2he-l3r-919
title: Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1760)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/gev-cqt-km6
title: Elephas Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cqt-p37-n6d
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/q0j-k8s-2m1
title: Bovidae Gray, 1821

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/6ce-l21-6qe
title: Bovidae Gray, 1821

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9j7-b67-1vh
title: Muntiacus muntjak (Zimmermann, 1780)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/h5l-w8h-f8k
title: †Spinigerites Schallreuter, 1980

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/b3k-y5h-ysx
title: Rusa C. H. Smith, 1827

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mr7-w8l-zle
title: Rodentia Bowdich, 1821

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/v9k-3h2-am3
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w0y-lsd-he4
title: Elephas Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/qaq-d0g-858
title: Macaca Lacépède, 1799

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w67-lhe-j2f
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/w0b-f21-53c
title: Cervus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/13b-76v-w7l
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/17t-snm-4jc
title: Cervus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1rw-z4v-t5k
title: Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1760)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ng0-weg-46s
title: Bovidae Gray, 1821

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/cgq-9t6-r13
title: Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1760)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/veq-syl-dc5
title: Adrianites

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/mq3-tgp-8xz
title: Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1760)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9g5-1jb-cw5
title: Macaca Lacépède, 1799

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/sj5-xhg-67e
title: Archaias angulatus (Fichtel & Moll, 1798)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1vb-nfs-c2h
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/x98-nsm-912
title: Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1760)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/3d9-98s-frt
title: Cervus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/hwc-f85-mxl
title: Rusa timorensis (Blainville, 1822)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/9rp-1hg-8xy
title: Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus, 1760)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/2rf-fwa-bgf
title: Cervus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/ahs-wwj-ljq
title: Bovidae Gray, 1821

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/21w-n22-78m
title: Duboisia Szidat, 1936

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/zm4-pw4-2nr
title: Cervus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/7zg-0by-grb
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/j09-tlw-0tp
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/xqw-ca0-r1d
title: Bovidae Gray, 1821

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/y6c-e8s-mep
title: Bovidae Gray, 1821

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/0w2-zx5-law
title: Cervus Linnaeus, 1758

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/1gw-lkz-8pj
title: Muntiacus muntjak (Zimmermann, 1780)

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.3535/84r-33f-02d
title: Animalia

description: Digital Specimen for the physical specimen hosted at Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110820974
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 2272.102, Fort 2272.102

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 2272.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Borken right edge, upper edge, most of left edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110820883
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 2272.102, Fort 2272.102

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 2272.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Borken right edge, upper edge, most of left edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110820875
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 2272.102, Fort 2272.102

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 2272.102 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Borken right edge, upper edge, most of left edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110820845
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 2267.101, Fort 2267.101

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text with seal ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 2267.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. Seal impression on right edge. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Left side of tablet missing.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110820926
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 2272.101, Fort 2272.101

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 2272.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Upper left, upper right and lower right corners broken off. Damage on obverse, reverse.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110821869
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 2273.103, Fort 2273.103

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 2273.103 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] All edges broken, except for small part of bottom edge.
DOI: 10.25549/inscriptifact-ouc110822025
title: Persepolis Fortification Elamite Tablet 2277.101, Fort 2277.101

description: [Text Description:] Administrative text ❧ [Text or Publication Number Note:] Fort 2277.101 ❧ [Excavation Description:] Found during Oriental Institute's excavations in Spring, 1933, near the northeastern corner of the stone platform of Persepolis, in two small rooms of a bastion in the fortification wall ❧ [Medium:] Clay ❧ [Script Note:] Non-Alphabetic Cuneiform ❧ [Physical Object Description:] Clay tablet with cuneiform text. ❧ [Physical Object Note:] Upper edge, left edge broken.
DOI: 10.17632/zgxfpkpy2f.3
title: Environmental Regulation, Green Innovation, and Productivity: Crowding-Out or Reallocation?

description: Replication package for the paper in Economic Modelling.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.p26rbj
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 36 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "Geometry" : [
 "POLYGON ((-111.5688 27.74913, -111.4188 27.74913, -111.4188 27.89913, -111.5688 27.89913, -111.5688 27.74913))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 36 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0044882-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17648548
title: focalpy user guide data

description: Data used for the focalpy user guide
DOI: 10.15468/dl.bz2q7v
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 2322 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Plantae",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Country is Germany",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than or equal to 6.60674187062354",
 "DecimalLongitude is less than 6.60980142380794",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than or equal to 47.27011",
 "DecimalLatitude is less than or equal to 55.05864"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 2322 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0044883-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.48329/37y4-q888
title: CPRD Gold June 2025

description: The CPRD Gold database contains longitudinal routinely-collected electronic health records (EHR) from UK primary care practices using Vision® general practice patient management software. The database captures information on demographic characteristics; diagnoses and symptoms; drug exposures; vaccination history; laboratory tests; and referrals to hospital and specialist care.
description: Access to anonymised data from CPRD is subject to a full licence agreement containing detailed terms and conditions of use. Anonymised patient datasets can be extracted for researchers against specific study specifications, following protocol approval via CPRD's Research Data Governance Process. Further information is available at https://www.cprd.com/data-access.
description: Please contact enquiries@cprd.com for further information or if you have any questions.
DOI: 10.17632/y6drff8hjb
title: “He’s just a kid” The impact of brand childlikeness on consumer forgiveness

description: dataset of “He’s just a kid” The impact of brand childlikeness on consumer forgiveness”
DOI: 10.15468/dl.yx9djf
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 5837 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Croatia",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "TaxonKey is Pica pica"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 5837 records from 10 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0044885-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.17632/y6drff8hjb.2
title: “He’s just a kid” The impact of brand childlikeness on consumer forgiveness

description: dataset of “He’s just a kid” The impact of brand childlikeness on consumer forgiveness”
DOI: 10.15468/dl.t6x5xv
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 70 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "Geometry" : [
 "POLYGON ((-111.4188 27.74913, -111.2688 27.74913, -111.2688 27.89913, -111.4188 27.89913, -111.4188 27.74913))"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 70 records from 14 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0044888-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.n2k8z9
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 3452 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "TaxonKey is Plantae",
 "HasGeospatialIssue is false",
 "HasCoordinate is true",
 "OccurrenceStatus is Present",
 "Country is Germany",
 "DecimalLongitude is greater than or equal to 6.60980142380794",
 "DecimalLongitude is less than 6.61286097699233",
 "DecimalLatitude is greater than or equal to 47.27011",
 "DecimalLatitude is less than or equal to 55.05864"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 3452 records from 12 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0044889-251025141854904/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.17632/wk43xstdxh
title: NumGebra Island Evaluation

description: The study was guided by the hypothesis that students who use the developed mobile game-based learning application would show greater improvement in number and algebra proficiency compared to students taught through traditional instruction. To examine this, a quasi-experimental design was employed involving two intact classes: one assigned as the experimental group and the other as the control group. Both groups were first administered a pretest to ensure baseline equivalence, confirming that the students started with comparable levels of mathematical proficiency before the intervention.
Data were gathered over a seven-week period. The experimental group used the mobile application as part of their learning activities, while the control group received conventional classroom instruction covering the same topics. At the end of the intervention, a posttest identical in structure to the pretest was administered to both groups. The dataset therefore consists of paired pretest and posttest scores for each learner, along with calculated gain scores that represent the improvement from baseline.
DOI: 10.17632/wk43xstdxh.1
title: NumGebra Island Evaluation

description: The study was guided by the hypothesis that students who use the developed mobile game-based learning application would show greater improvement in number and algebra proficiency compared to students taught through traditional instruction. To examine this, a quasi-experimental design was employed involving two intact classes: one assigned as the experimental group and the other as the control group. Both groups were first administered a pretest to ensure baseline equivalence, confirming that the students started with comparable levels of mathematical proficiency before the intervention.
Data were gathered over a seven-week period. The experimental group used the mobile application as part of their learning activities, while the control group received conventional classroom instruction covering the same topics. At the end of the intervention, a posttest identical in structure to the pretest was administered to both groups. The dataset therefore consists of paired pretest and posttest scores for each learner, along with calculated gain scores that represent the improvement from baseline.