cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/nfhsno
title: Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Crossbred Dairy Cattle in the Central Ethiopia

description: The aim of this study was to estimate the additive, heterosis, recombination loss, heritabilities and correlations between milk yield (MY), lactation length (LL), calving interval (CI), age at first calving (AFC) and herd life (HL) for crossbred of Friesian (F) and Jersey (J) with Boran (B). Analysis of fixed effects and crossbreeding parameter were undertaken using general linear procedure. Genetic parameters were estimated by multivariate analysis procedure with wombat software. Crossbred cows significantly outperform the B cows by 3 to 7 folds of MY per lactation. Even though performance of CI and AFC are slightly compromised, upgrading from 1/2F:1/2B (F1) to 3/4F:1/4B (F1) had better advantage as average MY improved by about 34% following this approach. The additive effects of F and J breed were 3985.2±150 and 1195.6±257 kg for MY, 166.3±16 and 18.5±27 days for LL, 52.9±25 and -40.3±44 days for CI, -0.23±2 and -9.8±4 months for AFC, and 548.7±431 and -569.9±784 days for HL, respectively. The estimated heterosis effects were 1054.8±145 and -150. 6±76 kg for MY, 62.4±15 and -7.3±8 days for LL, -58.1±24 and -88.7±13 days for CI, -1.9±3 and -4.7±1 months for AFC and -215.0±446 and -890.1±226 days for HL for J and F with B breed crosses, respectively. The loss due to recombination of F and B was significant (p &lt; 0.005) and undesirable for MY, LL, AFC which reflect the need of appropriate breeding program. The heritability (h2) estimates were 0.30±0.00 for MY, 0.18±0.02 for LL, 0.09±0.03 for CI, 0.19±0.06 for AFC and 0.28±0.06 for HL. Strong genetic correlations were obtained between MY and LL (0.84±0.04), LL and CI (0.86±0.10) and LL and HL (0.94±0.07). The estimated genetic variance, heritabilities and correlations between traits and decline in performance of inter-se generations reveal the available potential of improvement through selection and the need of designing appropriate breeding program.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/uwzkgb/i9kwka
title: 32-1-8-EJAS-2020-048 R3 Page 125-138 (GP)-2.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/uwzkgb
title: Seed-Business Oriented Demonstration Trials: An Efficient Option to Promote Tef (Eragrostis tef ) Varieties

description: Tef (Eragrostis tef) is extensively cultivated by over 6.5 million smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. However, the productivity of the crop remains low mainly due to the limited use of improved technologies including seeds. In this study, three recently released and one old (as a check) tef varieties were evaluated on 254 lead farmers’ fields with the main aim of increasing farmers’ access to quality breed seeds. Each lead farmer was provided with breeder seeds of four improved tef varieties, namely Kora, Tesfa, Dagim, and Boset.The seed yield from the four tef varieties were comparable (Kora = 1.94, Tesfa = 2.31, Dagim =2.24 and Boset = 2.36 t ha-1). Given the input and output prices that prevail in the selected districts, the mean revenue was 65,355.90 Birr ha-1 while the mean production cost was 26,355.52 Birr ha-1. Among production costs, labor took for the lion’s share as it contributed to 58% of the total cost. In general, with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.5, our technology is highly profitable and attractive to farmers if newly released tef varieties are disseminated in the seed-business-oriented method.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/ao8vlj/ni6amf
title: 1 EJAS-2022-014 Page 1-12 (GP).pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/ao8vlj
title: Growth Performance and Carcass Quality Characteristics of Cobb 500 Broiler Chicken Fed Rations with Different Levels of Water Lily (Nymphae lotus) Seed Meal

description: Effect of feeding different levels of Water lily seed meal (WLSM) on broilers performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits was studied for six weeks. Four levels of WLSM (T1 = 0%; T2 = 3%; T3 = 6% and T4 = 9%) were compared using 120 Cobb 500 chicks; 3 pens/treatment and 10 chicks/pens. Measured parameters were feed intake and body weights. On day 49, two broilers from each pen were slaughtered for carcass evaluation. Broilers performance in terms of daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were calculated for each treatment diet. Daily feed intake of 105.9 g, 106.7 g, 107.9 g and 109.9 g were recorded for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Average daily gains (g) were 69.28 (T1), 70.75 (T2), 70.80 (T3) and 71.31(T4). The FCR rested in the range of 1.51-1.54. No difference (P&gt;0.05) was observed in the growth performance of the birds among the inclusion spectrum used, however, the best overall performance was attained at 9% incorporation of WLSM (T4). Moreover, the highest mean weight of edible carcass like drumstick and thigh were obtained for birds fed on diet having the highest level of WLSM (T4). Breast from broilers fed the commercial diets containing WLSM contained less fat and more protein than the control group (P&lt;0.05), which confirmed the highest carcass quality. Conclusively, the inclusion of different levels of WLSM in the commercial ration of Cob-500 broilers is successful without compromising their performance and the carcass parameters.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7418555
title: Multi-Scanner Canine Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Histopathology Dataset

description: This is a multi-scanner version of the SCC subset of the publicly available CATCH dataset (https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.2M93-FX66). The dataset contains 44 samples digitized with five slide scanning systems (220 images) : Aperio ScanScope CS2 (Leica, Germany), resolution: 0.25 µm/pixel NanoZoomer S210 (Hamamatsu, Japan), resolution: 0.22 µm/pixel NanoZoomer 2.0-HT (Hamamatsu, Japan), resolution: 0.23 µm/pixel Pannoramic 1000 (3DHISTECH, Hungary), resolution: 0.25 µm/pixel Aperio GT 450 (Leica, Germany), resolution: 0.26 µm/pixel All Aperio ScanScope CS2 whole slide images were manually annotated for tumor and six skin tissue classes (epidermis, dermis, subcutis, bone, cartilage, and a combined class of inflammation and necrosis). All 1,243 polygon annotations were transferred to the remaining four scanners and are provided as MS COCO JSON and as SQLITE database (SlideRunner format). Due to size restrictions on Zenodo, we provide the files as lower-resolution pyramidal TIFFs (4 µm/pixel). If you use the dataset for research purposes, please cite our paper: Frauke Wilm, Marco Fragoso, Christof A. Bertram, Nikolas Stathonikos, Mathias Öttl, Jingna Qiu, Robert Klopfleisch, Andreas Maier, Katharina Breininger, and Marc Aubreville, "Multi-Scanner Canine Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Histopathology Dataset", 2023, https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.04423
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7418554
title: Multi-Scanner Canine Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Histopathology Dataset

description: This is a multi-scanner version of the SCC subset of the publicly available CATCH dataset (https://doi.org/10.7937/TCIA.2M93-FX66). The dataset contains 44 samples digitized with five slide scanning systems (220 images) : Aperio ScanScope CS2 (Leica, Germany), resolution: 0.25 µm/pixel NanoZoomer S210 (Hamamatsu, Japan), resolution: 0.22 µm/pixel NanoZoomer 2.0-HT (Hamamatsu, Japan), resolution: 0.23 µm/pixel Pannoramic 1000 (3DHISTECH, Hungary), resolution: 0.25 µm/pixel Aperio GT 450 (Leica, Germany), resolution: 0.26 µm/pixel All Aperio ScanScope CS2 whole slide images were manually annotated for tumor and six skin tissue classes (epidermis, dermis, subcutis, bone, cartilage, and a combined class of inflammation and necrosis). All 1,243 polygon annotations were transferred to the remaining four scanners and are provided as MS COCO JSON and as SQLITE database (SlideRunner format). Due to size restrictions on Zenodo, we provide the files as lower-resolution pyramidal TIFFs (4 µm/pixel). If you use the dataset for research purposes, please cite our paper: Frauke Wilm, Marco Fragoso, Christof A. Bertram, Nikolas Stathonikos, Mathias Öttl, Jingna Qiu, Robert Klopfleisch, Andreas Maier, Katharina Breininger, and Marc Aubreville, "Multi-Scanner Canine Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Histopathology Dataset", 2023, https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.04423
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/9wxywz/xtic76
title: 2 EJAS-2022-029 Proof read Page 13-35.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/9wxywz
title: Premises of Agricultural Biotechnology in Ethiopia

description: Biotechnology is one of the sectors with significant contribution in modernizing agriculture. Developed nations have been using biotechnology in the areas of health, agriculture, industry and environment. It has tremendous potential in better responding to emerging agricultural problems. Ethiopia has started research in agricultural biotechnology a few decades ago. However, research and public awareness on biotechnology is inadequate. This paper is meant for reviewing the historical developments, progress of agricultural biotechnology, identify gaps and indicate key action points. All the information in this paper was obtained from published papers and other accessible resources. There are significant achievements and progress since the establishment of full-fledged agricultural biotechnology research at the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR). Several molecular researches were undertaken by many Ethiopians and scholars but not documented. To progress in this sector, the country needs to exploit the potential advantage of this science and invest in research and developments in the area. All the debates and voices against this science should be based on scientific evidences and improving public awareness is compulsory.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/sqoom6/9yirz2
title: 3 EJAS-2021-051 Page 37-56 (GP).pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/sqoom6
title: Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Levels of Inorganic Salts and Varieties for the Management of Late blight of Potato under Laboratory and Field Conditions

description: Resistance to late blight disease in potato varieties is broken down due to the emergence of virulent races of Phytophthora infestans. There is no variety grown without fungicide spray. Chemicals pose a serious threat to the environment and human health. Laboratory study was conducted at Adet plant pathology lab in 2018 and field studies were conducted at Adet and Debre Tabor experimental sites in 2018 and 2019. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of inorganic salts and host plant resistance against late blight of potato. Eight inorganic salts were evaluated in the laboratory in detached leaf assay technique and effective inorganic salts were selected and integrated with three potato varieties in factorial arrangement in the field. Results of the laboratory study indicated that inorganic salts posed significant (P&lt;0.01) inhibitory effect on infection and lesion growth. Treating leaves with Ridomil fungicide, Potassium phosphite and Potassium phosphate at the rate of 20 g l-1 reduced leaf lesion area by 99.4, 95.6 and 95.5%, respectively. The effect of inorganic salt by variety interaction on the area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) was significant (P&lt;0.01). The fungicide sprayed plots significantly reduced the AUDPC values on the varieties. But, such reductions were not significant compared to potassium phosphite sprayed plots of Belete and Gudene varieties over locations. The relative yield loss of the untreated (control) plots of the susceptible variety (Jalene) were 43.21 and 59.74%, whereas K2HPO3 treated plots were 18.63 and 15.64% in 2018 and 2019 respectively. Therefore, even treating susceptible varieties with inorganic salts could result in minimizing the damage of late blight disease on potatoes. In conclusion, integration of potassium phosphite with resistant (Belete) and moderately resistant (Gudene) varieties is identified as the best alternative option to manage late blight of potato.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7528234
title: Whole-Body Cryostimulation: A Rehabilitation Booster in Post-COVID Patients? A Case Series

description: Given the severity and prevalence of post-COVID-19 symptoms in the general population, the identification of boosters for rehabilitation programs appears to be of paramount importance. The purpose of this case series is to provide some preliminary evidence about the role of whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) as an effective adjuvant for the recovery of patients with the post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). We recruited seven patients with previously confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms of PCC of different severities for a comprehensive rehabilitation program, including WBC. The main symptoms were dyspnea, chronic and muscular fatigue, chronic pain, and poor sleep quality. Moreover, some patients presented high levels of hematological markers of inflammation. Because we provided a range of interventions, including nutritional and psychological support along with physical exercise and physiotherapy, we could not determine to what extent WBC may per se have accounted for the clinical and functional improvements. However, for all reported cases, it was observed that the introduction of WBC sessions represented a turning point in the patient’s subjective and objective improvements related to health and functioning.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7528233
title: Whole-Body Cryostimulation: A Rehabilitation Booster in Post-COVID Patients? A Case Series

description: Given the severity and prevalence of post-COVID-19 symptoms in the general population, the identification of boosters for rehabilitation programs appears to be of paramount importance. The purpose of this case series is to provide some preliminary evidence about the role of whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) as an effective adjuvant for the recovery of patients with the post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). We recruited seven patients with previously confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms of PCC of different severities for a comprehensive rehabilitation program, including WBC. The main symptoms were dyspnea, chronic and muscular fatigue, chronic pain, and poor sleep quality. Moreover, some patients presented high levels of hematological markers of inflammation. Because we provided a range of interventions, including nutritional and psychological support along with physical exercise and physiotherapy, we could not determine to what extent WBC may per se have accounted for the clinical and functional improvements. However, for all reported cases, it was observed that the introduction of WBC sessions represented a turning point in the patient’s subjective and objective improvements related to health and functioning.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/2jnmnw
title: The Emergence of Products of New Breeding Techniques and Challenges to Ethiopia’s Biosafety Regulatory Regime

description: In Ethiopia, before starting research and development on any genetically modified organisms (GMOs), approval and written permission must be obtained from the Ethiopian Environmental Protection Authority (EPA). The Authority derives this power from the Biosafety (Amendment) Proclamation No. 896/2015 ratified by the House of Peoples Representatives. EPA forms its opinion based on data provided by the applicant, inspection of laboratories and field trial sites. An addition to this decision-making repertoire is the advice from the National Biosafety Advisory Committee (NBAC) established by the Council of Ministers of FDRE under Council of Ministers Regulation No. 411/2017 on issues related to biosafety. In 2018, the Authority deregulated two Bt-cotton varieties making the country to officially embrace products of GM or biotech crops for the first time. So far, the Authority has issued permits for confined laboratory tests on bt-cotton and transgenic enset and confined field trials (CFTs) on two stacked maize hybrids (TELATM), CFT permit for 3 R-gene Late Blight Resistance (LBR) stack cisgenic potato, and CFT permit for triple gene BT-GT hybrid cotton varieties. New breeding techniques and their products are entering the global market promising high productivity to sustainable future food security. This work looked into these developments and the concomitant safety concerns and regulatory dilemmas in selected countries. It then gauged the current state of Ethiopia’s biosafety framework vis-à-vis the new breeding techniques. The evidence presented here shows that Ethiopia needs to prepare guidelines for dealing with products of new breeding techniques.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/2jnmnw/rahseb
title: 4 EJAS-2021-122 Page 57-69 (GP).pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.34740/kaggle/dsv/4842204
title: AutoXGB
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/0zebkh/rcyc5w
title: 7 EJAS-2021-144 Page 119-132 (GP).pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/0zebkh
title: Character Association Study and Path Analysis for Fiber Yield and its Attributes in Improved Ethiopian Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Varieties

description: This research was designed to study the association of various agronomic and fiber quality related traits and the relative importance of fiber yield attributes. The experimental design used was Randomized Complete Block Design of three replications. The result showed a positive and significant association among four agronomic traits (fiber yield, ginning percentage, seed cotton yield and boll number per plant) and micronaire. Similarly, a highly significant association among fiber quality traits was observed in a desirable direction. However, the genotypic correlation (rg) and phenotypic correlation (rp) analysis indicated a non-significant and low association for most agronomic and fiber quality traits. Fiber yield exhibited positive and highly significant genotypic and phenotypic correlation with ginning percentage (rg = 0.874 and rp = 0.807) and seed cotton yield (rg = 0.954 and rp = 0.948). The path coefficient analysis revealed that ginning percentage and seed cotton yield had a high and positive direct effect on fiber yield. Furthermore, about 65.15% of fiber yield was contributed by ginning percentage and seed cotton yield. In conclusion, this study revealed that simultaneous selection for ginning percentage and seed cotton yield with balanced fiber quality traits probably improves fiber yield.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/h7s1i9/baehly
title: 6 EJAS- Page 99-117-Water Mark Removed FINAL.pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/h7s1i9
title: Analysis of Actors in Chickpea Seed Supply Chain; Gondar Zuria Woreda, Ethiopia

description: Chickpea provides numerous benefits to smallholder households in different ways. Increasing access to improved seed has the potential to improve the productivity of chickpea in Ethiopia. In the chickpea seed supply chain, understanding the seed source and actors’ role is important for providing quality and improved chickpea seed to farmers through creating effective seed supply chain mechanisms. The present study was carried out at Gondar Zuria Woreda in 2018. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed for the random selection of 140 sample households for individual interviews. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative approaches. From the present study, it is possible to note that the only source of improved chickpea pre-basic and basic seeds in the study Woreda is Debre-Zeit Agricultural Research Center. Gondar Agricultural Research Center (GARC), Tsehay Farmers’ Cooperative Union, and the University of Gondar play a dominant role in improved chickpea seed production and marketing. However, these institutions have been facing a shortage of supplying breeder and pre-basic seeds. It can be concluded that the involvement of different actors in the supply chain contributes a lot to accessing improved chickpea seeds for smallholder farmers. Therefore, the governmental and non-governmental organizations should work strongly to build the capacity of seed producer cooperatives and clustered smallholder farmers.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/c8yopk/snxobd
title: 5 EJAS-2022-020.edited Page 71-97 (GP).pdf

description: :unav
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/c8yopk
title: Analysis of Seed System Actors: Roles, Responsibilities, and Linkages in Central Ethiopia

description: A seed system in Ethiopia denotes the entire complex organizational, institutional, and individual procedures related to the development, multiplication, processing, storage, distribution, and sale of seeds. It includes formal, informal, and intermediate seed sectors. The rationale of this paper is how the interests & interactions of the seed actors are related to the performance of the seed system within the formal and informal seed sectors. The study aims to analyze the seed systems actors’ roles, responsibilities, linkage, and implications of the gap. The study used qualitative data collected from 25 key informants, and six separate focus group discussants in Ada’a and Bora districts (Oromia region), and Moretena Jiru district (Amhara region). Moreover, secondary data sources were used. The data were analyzed using stakeholder analysis to describe, categorize, narrate, and discuss the seed system actors. The result of the study identified the constraints and gaps of the roles, responsibilities, and linkages of seed system actors related to limited collaboration among the seed actors; limited engagement of the private sector and seed associations during the development of regulatory measures; considerable mismatch in the supply and demand of certified seed of available crop varieties; inefficient seed distribution and marketing mechanisms; weak variety release, seed quality assurance system, and lack of a clear seed policy. The major findings were also that the linkage among seed system actors was very weak due to weak management capacity; lack of coordination between production, processing, and delivery of certified seeds of improved varieties; poor marketing systems; and inappropriate planning & evaluation. This study summarizes the seed system should need further investigation to minimize the constraints and gaps. Coordination and linkages among all actors need strengthening to stand in rapid, orderly, and effective growth. Inter-organizational linkages should be assessed to maintain better aspects negotiate improvements in existing linkage mechanisms and build new relationships among actors.
DOI: 10.20372/eiar-rdm/vpv7kr/fiepg3
title: 32-1-6-EJAS-2021-145 R2 Page 89-104 (GP).pdf

description: :unav