cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8160182.v1
title: Field pathogenomics of <i>Fusarium</i> head blight reveals pathogen transcriptome differences due to host resistance

description: <i>Fusarium</i> head blight (FHB), caused by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and other <i>Fusarium</i> species, is a detrimental disease that affects small grains such as wheat around the world. Management of FHB is difficult, and surveillance as well as a better understanding of pathogen aggressiveness is needed for improved control. <i>F. graminearum</i> disease severity varies depending on the resistance of the host genotype. In this study, we used the field pathogenomics method to investigate gene expression and population structure of isolates collected from wheat lines of varying resistance levels (susceptible, intermediate, and resistant) as well as an axenic control. Differential gene expression was found among isolates collected from different host genotypes. Candidate gene sets were identified for both <i>F. graminearum</i> infection of specific host genotypes and general infection to wheat. Population structure of isolates from different resistance level sources was the same, with all isolates belonging to the NA1 population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8160182
title: Field pathogenomics of <i>Fusarium</i> head blight reveals pathogen transcriptome differences due to host resistance

description: <i>Fusarium</i> head blight (FHB), caused by <i>Fusarium graminearum</i> and other <i>Fusarium</i> species, is a detrimental disease that affects small grains such as wheat around the world. Management of FHB is difficult, and surveillance as well as a better understanding of pathogen aggressiveness is needed for improved control. <i>F. graminearum</i> disease severity varies depending on the resistance of the host genotype. In this study, we used the field pathogenomics method to investigate gene expression and population structure of isolates collected from wheat lines of varying resistance levels (susceptible, intermediate, and resistant) as well as an axenic control. Differential gene expression was found among isolates collected from different host genotypes. Candidate gene sets were identified for both <i>F. graminearum</i> infection of specific host genotypes and general infection to wheat. Population structure of isolates from different resistance level sources was the same, with all isolates belonging to the NA1 population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8160272
title: A Semiparametric Bayesian Approach to Dropout in Longitudinal Studies With Auxiliary Covariates

description: We develop a semiparametric Bayesian approach to missing outcome data in longitudinal studies in the presence of auxiliary covariates. We consider a joint model for the full data response, missingness, and auxiliary covariates. We include auxiliary covariates to “move” the missingness “closer” to missing at random. In particular, we specify a semiparametric Bayesian model for the observed data via Gaussian process priors and Bayesian additive regression trees. These model specifications allow us to capture nonlinear and nonadditive effects, in contrast to existing parametric methods. We then separately specify the conditional distribution of the missing data response given the observed data response, missingness, and auxiliary covariates (i.e., the extrapolation distribution) using identifying restrictions. We introduce meaningful sensitivity parameters that allow for a simple sensitivity analysis. Informative priors on those sensitivity parameters can be elicited from subject-matter experts. We use Monte Carlo integration to compute the full data estimands. Performance of our approach is assessed using simulated datasets. Our methodology is motivated by, and applied to, data from a clinical trial on treatments for schizophrenia. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8160272.v1
title: A Semiparametric Bayesian Approach to Dropout in Longitudinal Studies with Auxiliary Covariates

description: We develop a semiparametric Bayesian approach to missing outcome data in longitudinal studies in the presence of auxiliary covariates. We consider a joint model for the full data response, missingness and auxiliary covariates. We include auxiliary covariates to “move” the missingness “closer” to missing at random (MAR). In particular, we specify a semiparametric Bayesian model for the observed data via Gaussian process priors and Bayesian additive regression trees. These model specifications allow us to capture non-linear and non-additive effects, in contrast to existing parametric methods. We then separately specify the conditional distribution of the missing data response given the observed data response, missingness and auxiliary covariates (i.e. the extrapolation distribution) using identifying restrictions. We introduce meaningful sensitivity parameters that allow for a simple sensitivity analysis. Informative priors on those sensitivity parameters can be elicited from subject-matter experts. We use Monte Carlo integration to compute the full data estimands. Performance of our approach is assessed using simulated datasets. Our methodology is motivated by, and applied to, data from a clinical trial on treatments for schizophrenia.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8163296
title: A set-valued Lagrange theorem based on a process for convex vector programming

description: In this paper, we present a new set-valued Lagrange multiplier theorem for constrained convex set-valued optimization problems. We introduce the novel concept of Lagrange process. This concept is a natural extension of the classical concept of Lagrange multiplier where the conventional notion of linear continuous operator is replaced by the concept of closed convex process, its set-valued analogue. The behaviour of this new Lagrange multiplier based on a process is shown to be particularly appropriate for some types of proper minimal points and, in general, when it has a bounded base.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8163296.v1
title: A set-valued Lagrange theorem based on a process for convex vector programming

description: In this paper, we present a new set-valued Lagrange multiplier theorem for constrained convex set-valued optimization problems. We introduce the novel concept of Lagrange process. This concept is a natural extension of the classical concept of Lagrange multiplier where the conventional notion of linear continuous operator is replaced by the concept of closed convex process, its set-valued analogue. The behaviour of this new Lagrange multiplier based on a process is shown to be particularly appropriate for some types of proper minimal points and, in general, when it has a bounded base.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168012.v1
title: Chemical and radiation grafted chitosan for the mitigation of arsenic from contaminated water

description: The removal of As (V) from aqueous solution was investigated with the grafted polymeric adsorbent (chitosan-g-HEMA) synthesized by using high energy <sup>60</sup>Co gamma radiation as well as by conventional chemical method. The swelling behavior of grafted polymer at different pH conditions and their kinetic studies were investigated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the grafted polymer and the morphological structure was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). As (V) ions uptake capacity of the adsorbent was evaluated in the light of varying pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose, and different arsenate ion concentration. The adsorption data was fitted well in the Langmuir model and various static parameters were calculated. The removal of toxic As (V) ions was carried out by batch method using grafted sorbents synthesized by both gamma radiation and chemical grafting methods and it was observed that the adsorbent synthesized by the use of gamma radiation shows higher adsorption capacity as compared to the chemically grafted polymer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168012
title: Chemical and radiation grafted chitosan for the mitigation of arsenic from contaminated water

description: The removal of As (V) from aqueous solution was investigated with the grafted polymeric adsorbent (chitosan-g-HEMA) synthesized by using high energy <sup>60</sup>Co gamma radiation as well as by conventional chemical method. The swelling behavior of grafted polymer at different pH conditions and their kinetic studies were investigated. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the grafted polymer and the morphological structure was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). As (V) ions uptake capacity of the adsorbent was evaluated in the light of varying pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dose, and different arsenate ion concentration. The adsorption data was fitted well in the Langmuir model and various static parameters were calculated. The removal of toxic As (V) ions was carried out by batch method using grafted sorbents synthesized by both gamma radiation and chemical grafting methods and it was observed that the adsorbent synthesized by the use of gamma radiation shows higher adsorption capacity as compared to the chemically grafted polymer.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168159
title: Process control maps to design an ultra-high strength-ductile steel

description: Steel with 2.4–2.5 GPa tensile strength and elongation to fracture of 4.8–5.7%, is produced by designing a novel heat treatment identical to quenching and tempering, in less than a few minutes. Since addition of Si to Fe–Mn steel promotes the austenite stabilisation by carbon enrichment, the elongation to fracture of 0.6C–1.6Si–1.2Mn (wt-%) steel treated by different quenching and partitioning (Q&P) routes is improved. Results demonstrated by process control maps give a good overview of the final microconstituents. By using higher partitioning temperatures, the tempering of martensite, stabilisation of austenite and improvement of the mechanical properties, could effectively be accelerated. This approach results in significant time and cost reduction which makes this heat treatment attractive for industries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168279
title: Human platelets and megakaryocytes express defensin alpha 1

description: Platelets are anucleate cells that have a role in several innate immune functions, including the secretion of proteins with antimicrobial activity. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of platelets to secrete thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal proteins and antimicrobial peptides, like hBD-1. However, the expression and secretion of defensins of the alpha family by platelets have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of defensin alpha 1 (DEFA1) in human platelets and megakaryocytes. Our data indicate that DEFA1 mRNA and protein are present in peripheral blood platelets and in the megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line (MEG-01). DEFA1 co-localize with α-granules of platelets and MEG-01 cells, and was also detected in cytoplasm of MEG-01 cells. The assay of our <i>in vitro</i> model of platelet-like particles (PLPs) revealed that MEG-01 cells could transfer DEFA1 mRNA to their differentiated PLPs. Furthermore, platelets secreted DEFA1 into the culture medium when activated with thrombin, adenosine diphosphate, and lipopolysaccharide; meanwhile, MEG-01 cells secreted DEFA1 when activated with thrombopoietin. Platelet’s secreted DEFA1 can rebind to platelet’s surface and have antibacterial activity against the gram-negative bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i>. In summary, our data indicate that both, human platelets and megakaryocytes, can express and secrete DEFA1. These results suggest a new role of platelets and megakaryocytes in the innate immune response.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168330.v1
title: Late bloomer? Agricultural policy integration and coordination patterns in climate policies

description: The ambitious goal of the Paris Agreement demands action across all policy domains and even scrutinizes traditionally privileged ones, including agriculture. Is agriculture playing an increasingly important role in climate policies? Existing research argues that the insulated agricultural domain is opening up and becoming more multidimensional. Whether such developments are visible in the comparatively new climate domain, however, has not been systematically assessed yet. This article seeks to advance the academic debate on policy integration by examining the opposite direction of integration, i.e. the integration of agricultural components <i>into</i> climate policies. To assess coordination efforts, I investigate which ministries are represented in climate policies. I provide a global perspective by analyzing over 1000 climate policies from 1990 to 2017 and find that climate policies with mentions of agriculture are increasing. This is particularly true of EU and African countries, and since 2005. However, half of the data made no reference to agriculture and hardly ever mentioned agricultural ministries. I argue that agricultural ministries’ involvement in climate policymaking is crucial to the meaningful achievement of agri-climate objectives. The fragmented picture suggests that, while climate policies are becoming more multidimensional, both domains continue to co-exist rather than to merge into an entity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168711.v1
title: Population pharmacokinetics of oxycodone in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid after epidural and intravenous administration

description: <b>Objectives</b>: To establish the first plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxycodone population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model after epidural (EPI) and intravenous (IV) oxycodone administration. <b>Methods</b>: The study was conducted with 30 female subjects undergoing elective gynecological surgery with epidural analgesia. A parallel single dose of EPI oxycodone with IV placebo (EPI group; n = 18) or IV oxycodone with EPI placebo (IV group; n = 12) was administered. An epidural catheter for drug administration was placed at T12/L1 and a spinal catheter for CSF sampling at L3/4. Plasma and CSF for oxycodone analysis were frequently collected. A PopPK model was built using the NONMEM software package. <b>Results</b>: Plasma and CSF oxycodone concentrations were evaluated using separate central plasma and CSF compartments and separate peripheral plasma and CSF compartments. Epidural space served as a depot compartment with transfer to both the plasma and CSF central compartments. The population parameters for plasma clearance and apparent distribution volumes for central and peripheral compartments for plasma and CSF were 37.4 L/h, 90.2 L, 68.9 L, 0.035 L (fixed based on literature), and 0.039 L, respectively. <b>Conclusion</b>: A PopPK model was developed and found to precisely and accurately describe oxycodone time-concentration data in plasma and CSF.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168714
title: Triceps surae muscle–subtendon interaction differs between young and older adults

description: <b><i>Background</i></b>: Mechanical power generated via triceps surae muscle-tendon interaction during walking is important for walking performance. This interaction is made complex by distinct “subtendons” arising from the lateral and medial gastrocnemius (GAS) and soleus (SOL) muscles. Comparative data and our own in vivo evidence allude to a reduced capacity for sliding between adjacent subtendons compromising the Achilles tendon in old age. However, its unclear if and how these changes affect muscle contractile behavior.<b><i>Objective</i></b>: We investigated aging effects on triceps surae muscle-subtendon interaction using dual-probe ultrasound imaging during isolated muscle contractions. We hypothesized that, compared to young adults, older adults would have more uniform subtendon tissue displacements that are accompanied by anatomically consistent differences in GAS versus SOL muscle length change behavior.<b><i>Materials and Methods</i></b>: 9 younger subjects (age: 25.1 ± 5.6 years) and 10 older adult subjects (age: 74.3 ± 3.4 years) completed a series of ramped maximum isometric voluntary contractions at ankle angles spanning 0° (neutral) to 30° plantarflexion. Two linear array ultrasound transducers simultaneously recorded GAS and SOL fascicle kinematics and tissue displacements in their associated tendinous structures.<b><i>Results</i></b>: We revealed that older adults have more uniform subtendon tissue displacements that extend to anatomically consistent and potentially unfavorable changes in muscle contractile behavior – evidenced by smaller differences between gastrocnemius and soleus peak shortening during isometric force generation.<b><i>Conclusions</i></b>: These findings provide an important biomechanical basis for previously reported correlations between more uniform Achilles subtendon behavior and reduced ankle moment generation during waking in older adults.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168033
title: Non-parametric analysis of the effects of αS1-casein genotype and parturition non-genetic factors on milk yield and composition in Murciano-Granadina goats

description: Limited sample sizes imply parametric assumptions could be violated, even if traits have been reported to fulfil parametric assumptions. Parametric studies have addressed a non-significant influence of CSN1S1 genes on Murciano-Granadina milk yield, fat, protein and dry extract. We used non-parametric categorical tests to find alternative statistical methods to analyse the power to explain the variability found in the population regarding milk yield and its components. We analysed 2090 records for milk yield, and its components from 710 Murciano-Granadina CSN1S1-genotyped goats. Categorical regression equations were issued to predict which and at what level these factors may determine milk yield (kg), fat (kg), protein (kg) and dry extract (kg). All environmental (farm and parturition year) and animal-inherent factors (genotype, birth type and age) resulted statistically significant (<i>p</i> Non-parametric tests are crucial if normality and heteroskedasticity analyses fail.Murciano-Granadina milk traits compared with highly selected international breeds’.E allele combinations and BB reported highest effects on milk components and yield. Non-parametric tests are crucial if normality and heteroskedasticity analyses fail. Murciano-Granadina milk traits compared with highly selected international breeds’. E allele combinations and BB reported highest effects on milk components and yield.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168159.v1
title: Process control maps to design an ultra-high strength-ductile steel

description: Steel with 2.4–2.5 GPa tensile strength and elongation to fracture of 4.8–5.7%, is produced by designing a novel heat treatment identical to quenching and tempering, in less than a few minutes. Since addition of Si to Fe–Mn steel promotes the austenite stabilisation by carbon enrichment, the elongation to fracture of 0.6C–1.6Si–1.2Mn (wt-%) steel treated by different quenching and partitioning (Q&P) routes is improved. Results demonstrated by process control maps give a good overview of the final microconstituents. By using higher partitioning temperatures, the tempering of martensite, stabilisation of austenite and improvement of the mechanical properties, could effectively be accelerated. This approach results in significant time and cost reduction which makes this heat treatment attractive for industries.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168279.v1
title: Human platelets and megakaryocytes express defensin alpha 1

description: Platelets are anucleate cells that have a role in several innate immune functions, including the secretion of proteins with antimicrobial activity. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of platelets to secrete thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal proteins and antimicrobial peptides, like hBD-1. However, the expression and secretion of defensins of the alpha family by platelets have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to characterize the expression of defensin alpha 1 (DEFA1) in human platelets and megakaryocytes. Our data indicate that DEFA1 mRNA and protein are present in peripheral blood platelets and in the megakaryoblastic leukemia cell line (MEG-01). DEFA1 co-localize with α-granules of platelets and MEG-01 cells, and was also detected in cytoplasm of MEG-01 cells. The assay of our <i>in vitro</i> model of platelet-like particles (PLPs) revealed that MEG-01 cells could transfer DEFA1 mRNA to their differentiated PLPs. Furthermore, platelets secreted DEFA1 into the culture medium when activated with thrombin, adenosine diphosphate, and lipopolysaccharide; meanwhile, MEG-01 cells secreted DEFA1 when activated with thrombopoietin. Platelet’s secreted DEFA1 can rebind to platelet’s surface and have antibacterial activity against the gram-negative bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i>. In summary, our data indicate that both, human platelets and megakaryocytes, can express and secrete DEFA1. These results suggest a new role of platelets and megakaryocytes in the innate immune response.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168330
title: Late bloomer? Agricultural policy integration and coordination patterns in climate policies

description: The ambitious goal of the Paris Agreement demands action across all policy domains and even scrutinizes traditionally privileged ones, including agriculture. Is agriculture playing an increasingly important role in climate policies? Existing research argues that the insulated agricultural domain is opening up and becoming more multidimensional. Whether such developments are visible in the comparatively new climate domain, however, has not been systematically assessed yet. This article seeks to advance the academic debate on policy integration by examining the opposite direction of integration, i.e. the integration of agricultural components <i>into</i> climate policies. To assess coordination efforts, I investigate which ministries are represented in climate policies. I provide a global perspective by analyzing over 1000 climate policies from 1990 to 2017 and find that climate policies with mentions of agriculture are increasing. This is particularly true of EU and African countries, and since 2005. However, half of the data made no reference to agriculture and hardly ever mentioned agricultural ministries. I argue that agricultural ministries’ involvement in climate policymaking is crucial to the meaningful achievement of agri-climate objectives. The fragmented picture suggests that, while climate policies are becoming more multidimensional, both domains continue to co-exist rather than to merge into an entity.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8168711
title: Population pharmacokinetics of oxycodone in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid after epidural and intravenous administration

description: <b>Objectives</b>: To establish the first plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oxycodone population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model after epidural (EPI) and intravenous (IV) oxycodone administration. <b>Methods</b>: The study was conducted with 30 female subjects undergoing elective gynecological surgery with epidural analgesia. A parallel single dose of EPI oxycodone with IV placebo (EPI group; n = 18) or IV oxycodone with EPI placebo (IV group; n = 12) was administered. An epidural catheter for drug administration was placed at T12/L1 and a spinal catheter for CSF sampling at L3/4. Plasma and CSF for oxycodone analysis were frequently collected. A PopPK model was built using the NONMEM software package. <b>Results</b>: Plasma and CSF oxycodone concentrations were evaluated using separate central plasma and CSF compartments and separate peripheral plasma and CSF compartments. Epidural space served as a depot compartment with transfer to both the plasma and CSF central compartments. The population parameters for plasma clearance and apparent distribution volumes for central and peripheral compartments for plasma and CSF were 37.4 L/h, 90.2 L, 68.9 L, 0.035 L (fixed based on literature), and 0.039 L, respectively. <b>Conclusion</b>: A PopPK model was developed and found to precisely and accurately describe oxycodone time-concentration data in plasma and CSF.