cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560048.v2
title: Lab 2 Dataset 2 (grasslands): Population density of milkweed over 25 meter transects

description: Data was collected to determine the population density of milkweed over a certain amount of area. Two 25 metre transects were placed randomly in the grasslands. The first 20 easily identifiable milkweed plants were studied that layed along the transect. The distance from the beginning of the transect to the middle of the plant was recorded in feet later converted to inches. Using a second transect, the height of the plant was recorded in inches. Researchers then observed and counted how many leaves were attached to the plant as well as the number of alive flowers. The level of crowding around the plant was determined by the researchers based on a 0-3 scale where 0 was determined as no surrounding plants, 1 was determined as minimal crowding having some plants surrounding it, 2 was determined as medium crowding having multiple plants around the plant and 3 was determined as heavily crowded with many plants surrounding the individual species. Data was collected at Danby grasslands at York University on September 23rd, 2015 around 3:30pm. The weather was around 25°C with clear skies on a sunny day. Very minimal shade cover. The transects were placed randomly where milkweed was visible. The members of group 4 are Kristine Del Rosario, Kate Britanico, Nassar Khan, Michael Angelini.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560040.v1
title: Observing Bird Populations using a Distance Based Dataset

description: A dataset observing the bird population in the Danby Woods and Grassland at York University in Toronto Ontario. The project was completed by myself, Adamo, Katherine, Ava, and Ashley- a group of ecology students. The project ran from approximately 3:50 to 4:25 p.m. on September 29th. The experiment took place under dark cloudy skies and in roughly 18 ⁰C weather. The conditions of weather were constant precipitation and a continuous wind. The experiment consisted of observing the number of birds, and the number of different Recognizable Taxonomic Units (RTU) in a given area. The area was determined using a belt transect, which was set up by placing a 9 metre transect along the ground and watching for any birds within an 8 metre radius of that transect. When a bird was spotted, one member of the group estimated the distance with respect to the horizontal axis of the ground. The group had decided to not take height of the bird from the ground into account. The transect was observed for 3 minutes to ensure that the mobility of birds was taken into account in the estimation of the population. For each bird sighting, a rating from the Beaufort scale of wind speed was decided as well. The experiment was replicated 5 times in the grassland, and another 5 times in the woods with a transect in a different spot each time. Most likely due to the rain, there was a minimal bird count with zero sightings in the woods and only a total of 5 birds spotted in the grasslands. There also was not an extensive number of RTU’s. Instead only sparrows, robins, and mourning doves were seen from the transects.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560042.v1
title: Grassland Data Set 1 (V.2)

description: This experiement was conducted to discover the different species of vegetation covering the grasslands portion of the Danby woods at York University. The experiement was conducted on Monday September 21st, from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. The climate was favorable for the experiment; sunny with periods of wind. Working alongside Abera Chelva, the lead experimenter, Phaeba Wilson Mathews travelled through the west end of the Danby Woods, in close proximity to the York Blvd Lot to collect 25 randomly placed quadrat samples. Beginning at the starting point, arbitrarily marked as X, the experimenters used the randomly generated numbers from the website, www.random.org to place the quadrats and collect the required samples. The experimenters travelled in directions associated with the YorkU campus map compass (http://maps.info.yorku.ca/files/2013/02/KEELE_Map_Colour.pdf). For each quadrat sample, the total abundance of plants, total number of different species, total cover of all vegetation, and total cover of grasses was recorded. The total abundance of plants is recorded as an integer value and was recorded through a quick scanning of the specified quadrat area. The total number of different species, also recorded as an integer, was collected through careful examination of the area. The different species recorded are as follows: Buroak (Bu) Beb Willow (Be) Chokecherry (Ch) Staghorn (St) Big Tooth Asper (BT) White Oak (W) Beech (Bc) Blackcherry (BCh)and Acorns (A). Consistency was maintained through the sample collection, so as to ensure all incorrectly identified species was still accounted for. The total cover of all vegetation was recorded as a percentage and was determined by observing the visual layout of the quadrat area. The determined percentage for total cover was recorded at the discretion of the lead experimenter, and not based on any specific calculations, only observation. The total cover of all grasses was also recorded as a percentage and followed the same procedure as the total cover of all vegetation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560037
title: Analysis of flora species, flora abundance, flora percent coverage and grass percent coverage using randomly placed quadrats within York University grasslands designated area

description: 1 meter by 1 meter quadrats were placed randomly 20 times to visually and physically produce a boundary within which various charecteristics were measured: Number of species, abundance, percent flora coverage and percent grass coverage. Number of species was determined by counting the number of rooted flora species within each placement of the quadrat. Fauna were not counted. Abundance charecteristic was determined through the counting of each individual rooted plant within each quadrat placement. Any plants that appeared to share the same root system were counted as a single entity. Grass coverage was also counted as a single entity. Plants of the same species were counted individually, as this was not the species count, but the abundance count. Percent flora coverage, including grass, was determined by my partner and myself, after which an agreed upon percentage was determined. Estimations were ascertained via a dirt deduction method, whereby the amount of dirt seen was given a percent estimation and deducted from the 100 percent total. Percent grass coverage was estimated by myself and my partner, after which an agreed upon estimation was chosen. Any flattened blades of grass were lifted so as to provide a more accurate estimation of grass coverage. All observations were made from 3:00 pm to 5:30 pm on September 23, 2015 at the grasslands designated area, York University. Members of the observational group included Jordan Deosamy, Mandy Huynh, and Mariam Nnanna, as well as myself, Dylan Stoll. The conditions of the day were sunny, clear skies and very warm temperature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560039.v1
title: Percent canopy coverage, diameter at breast height and distance between maple trees in Danby woodlot, York University

description: On Wednesday September 23rd, 2015, lab 2 of BIOL2050 was performed in Danby Woodlot, located at York University's Keele campus. Dataset 4 was compiled from 4:30 PM to 5:30 PM. The woodlot had a desnse concentration of trees, shading the area. Weather was comprised of clear skies, a light breeze and a temperature of roughly 22 degrees celsius. In total, 10 adult maple trees (having a height of 12 feet or greater) and 10 maple tree saplings (height is less than 12 feet) were randomly sampled and measurements were made using a transect. All measurements were initially made in feet but were converted to meters in the data set.The purpose of the lab was to practice field training with plants but was also able to explore the effects of canopy density on tree sapling growth specificaly with dataset 4. Distance from randomly selected adult maple trees to the nearest maple tree sapling were measured by placing the end of a transect to the surface of the adult tree then extending the transect to the surface of the nearest sapling (ensuring that the transect tape was parallel to the ground). Measurements were observed visually and recorded. Diameter at breast height of adult and saplings were measured by the same group member (breast height of 1.5m) during each replicate to ensure consistency. Transect tape was held horizontally at breast height and a group member estimated the length of the tree along the transect tape by observation. Percent canopy coverage was estimated by standing directly below the adult samples of interest and holding up hands to make a hollow square in the sky. Specifically, on each hand, the index and thumb created an "L" shape. The thumb of one hand needed to touch the index of the other hand. The percentage of canopy coverage was estimated by observing how much canopy was contained in the the hollow square of your hands against the sky.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560043.v3
title: Meta-Data: Analysis of flora species, abundance, percent coverage and grass percent coverage using randomly placed quadrats within York University grasslands designated area

description: 1 meter by 1 meter quadrats were placed randomly 20 times to visually and physically produce a boundary within which various charecteristics were measured: Number of species, abundance, percent flora coverage and percent grass coverage. Number of species was determined by counting the number of rooted flora species within each placement of the quadrat. Fauna were not counted. Abundance charecteristic was determined through the counting of each individual rooted plant within each quadrat placement. Any plants that appeared to share the same root system were counted as a single entity. Grass coverage was also counted as a single entity. Plants of the same species were counted individually, as this was not the species count, but the abundance count. Percent flora coverage, including grass, was determined by my partner and myself, after which an agreed upon percentage was determined. Estimations were ascertained via a dirt deduction method, whereby the amount of dirt seen was given a percent estimation and deducted from the 100 percent total. Percent grass coverage was estimated by myself and my partner, after which an agreed upon estimation was chosen. Any flattened blades of grass were lifted so as to provide a more accurate estimation of grass coverage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560034
title: Ecology Lab 2

description: Grassaland dataset number 1
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560035
title: Lab 4, Dataset 3

description: Lab 4, Dataset 3
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560036
title: Grassland Data Set 1

description: This experiement was conducted to discover the different species of vegetation covering the grasslands portion of the Danby woods at York University. The experiement was conducted on Monday September 21st, from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. The climate was favorable for the experiment; sunny with periods of wind. Working alongside Abera Chelva, the lead experimenter, Phaeba Wilson Mathews travelled through the west end of the Danby Woods, in close proximity to the York Blvd Lot to collect 25 randomly placed quadrat samples. Beginning at the starting point, arbitrarily marked as X, the experimenters used the randomly generated numbers from the website, www.random.org to place the quadrats and collect the required samples. The experimenters travelled in directions associated with the YorkU campus map compass (http://maps.info.yorku.ca/files/2013/02/KEELE_Map_Colour.pdf). For each quadrat sample, the total abundance of plants, total number of different species, total cover of all vegetation, and total cover of grasses was recorded. The total abundance of plants is recorded as an integer value and was recorded through a quick scanning of the specified quadrat area. The total number of different species, also recorded as an integer, was collected through careful examination of the area. The different species recorded are as follows: Buroak (Bu) Beb Willow (Be) Chokecherry (Ch) Staghorn (St) Big Tooth Asper (BT) White Oak (W) Beech (Bc) Blackcherry (BCh)and Acorns (A). Consistency was maintained through the sample collection, so as to ensure all incorrectly identified species was still accounted for. The total cover of all vegetation was recorded as a percentage and was determined by observing the visual layout of the quadrat area. The determined percentage for total cover was recorded at the discretion of the lead experimenter, and not based on any specific calculations, only observation. The total cover of all grasses was also recorded as a percentage and followed the same procedure as the total cover of all vegetation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560033
title: Woodlot, dataset 3:Field Training in the Woods by using transect measuring tapes.

description: This experiment was performed on September 23-2015 at York University woodlots. The temperature was arround 27 degrees celcius, but as this experiment was performed in woods, there was a lot of shade on the ground. To perform this experiment, a transect measuring tape is required. For our experiment the transect was provided by the university. Basically, it is just a measuring tape, that is used to measure distances. In this experiment 20 random adult trees were selected. The defination of adult tree was that it should be higher than 2 meters. 20 trees were selected to measue the distance between one tree to another tree. Then to measure the diameter at breast height (dbh) of both trees, and lastly to know their condition. This experiment was replicated 10 times on different trees. One replicate is composed of measuring the distance between two trees, then measuring the dbh of both trees and lastly determinig the condition of both trees. First, a transect tape is hold on to one tree by one of the group member and the other member would go to the other tree and they would measure the distance between the two trees. Once that is measured, next is to measure dbh. dbh is measured by wrapping the transect arroung the tree trunk at the chest height of the researcher. The dbh is measured for both trees. Lastly, the condition of both trees were recorded. If the tree is dead then its condition is 0. If it has some green leaves, and some yellow leaves then its condition is 1. If the tree have many leaves and all of them are green then its condition is 2. This same method is repeated 10 times on different trees. Group Members: Alana, Israt, and Chris,
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560035.v1
title: Lab 4, Dataset 3

description: Lab 4, Dataset 3
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560034.v1
title: Ecology Lab 2

description: Grassaland dataset number 1
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560037.v2
title: Analysis of flora species, flora abundance, flora percent coverage and grass percent coverage using randomly placed quadrats within York University grasslands designated area

description: 1 meter by 1 meter quadrats were placed randomly 20 times to visually and physically produce a boundary within which various charecteristics were measured: Number of species, abundance, percent flora coverage and percent grass coverage. Number of species was determined by counting the number of rooted flora species within each placement of the quadrat. Fauna were not counted. Abundance charecteristic was determined through the counting of each individual rooted plant within each quadrat placement. Any plants that appeared to share the same root system were counted as a single entity. Grass coverage was also counted as a single entity. Plants of the same species were counted individually, as this was not the species count, but the abundance count. Percent flora coverage, including grass, was determined by my partner and myself, after which an agreed upon percentage was determined. Estimations were ascertained via a dirt deduction method, whereby the amount of dirt seen was given a percent estimation and deducted from the 100 percent total. Percent grass coverage was estimated by myself and my partner, after which an agreed upon estimation was chosen. Any flattened blades of grass were lifted so as to provide a more accurate estimation of grass coverage. All observations were made from 3:00 pm to 5:30 pm on September 23, 2015 at the grasslands designated area, York University. Members of the observational group included Jordan Deosamy, Mandy Huynh, and Mariam Nnanna, as well as myself, Dylan Stoll. The conditions of the day were sunny, clear skies and very warm temperature.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560033.v1
title: Woodlot, dataset 3:Field Training in the Woods by using transect measuring tapes.

description: This experiment was performed on September 23-2015 at York University woodlots. The temperature was arround 27 degrees celcius, but as this experiment was performed in woods, there was a lot of shade on the ground. To perform this experiment, a transect measuring tape is required. For our experiment the transect was provided by the university. Basically, it is just a measuring tape, that is used to measure distances. In this experiment 20 random adult trees were selected. The defination of adult tree was that it should be higher than 2 meters. 20 trees were selected to measue the distance between one tree to another tree. Then to measure the diameter at breast height (dbh) of both trees, and lastly to know their condition. This experiment was replicated 10 times on different trees. One replicate is composed of measuring the distance between two trees, then measuring the dbh of both trees and lastly determinig the condition of both trees. First, a transect tape is hold on to one tree by one of the group member and the other member would go to the other tree and they would measure the distance between the two trees. Once that is measured, next is to measure dbh. dbh is measured by wrapping the transect arroung the tree trunk at the chest height of the researcher. The dbh is measured for both trees. Lastly, the condition of both trees were recorded. If the tree is dead then its condition is 0. If it has some green leaves, and some yellow leaves then its condition is 1. If the tree have many leaves and all of them are green then its condition is 2. This same method is repeated 10 times on different trees. Group Members: Alana, Israt, and Chris,
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560036.v1
title: Grassland Data Set 1

description: This experiement was conducted to discover the different species of vegetation covering the grasslands portion of the Danby woods at York University. The experiement was conducted on Monday September 21st, from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. The climate was favorable for the experiment; sunny with periods of wind. Working alongside Abera Chelva, the lead experimenter, Phaeba Wilson Mathews travelled through the west end of the Danby Woods, in close proximity to the York Blvd Lot to collect 25 randomly placed quadrat samples. Beginning at the starting point, arbitrarily marked as X, the experimenters used the randomly generated numbers from the website, www.random.org to place the quadrats and collect the required samples. The experimenters travelled in directions associated with the YorkU campus map compass (http://maps.info.yorku.ca/files/2013/02/KEELE_Map_Colour.pdf). For each quadrat sample, the total abundance of plants, total number of different species, total cover of all vegetation, and total cover of grasses was recorded. The total abundance of plants is recorded as an integer value and was recorded through a quick scanning of the specified quadrat area. The total number of different species, also recorded as an integer, was collected through careful examination of the area. The different species recorded are as follows: Buroak (Bu) Beb Willow (Be) Chokecherry (Ch) Staghorn (St) Big Tooth Asper (BT) White Oak (W) Beech (Bc) Blackcherry (BCh)and Acorns (A). Consistency was maintained through the sample collection, so as to ensure all incorrectly identified species was still accounted for. The total cover of all vegetation was recorded as a percentage and was determined by observing the visual layout of the quadrat area. The determined percentage for total cover was recorded at the discretion of the lead experimenter, and not based on any specific calculations, only observation. The total cover of all grasses was also recorded as a percentage and followed the same procedure as the total cover of all vegetation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560037.v1
title: Analysis of flora species, abundance, percent coverage and grass percent coverage using randomly placed quadrats within York University grasslands designated area

description: 1 meter by 1 meter quadrats were placed randomly 20 times to visually and physically produce a boundary within which various charecteristics were measured: Number of species, abundance, percent flora coverage and percent grass coverage. Number of species was determined by counting the number of rooted flora species within each placement of the quadrat. Fauna were not counted. Abundance charecteristic was determined through the counting of each individual rooted plant within each quadrat placement. Any plants that appeared to share the same root system were counted as a single entity. Grass coverage was also counted as a single entity. Plants of the same species were counted individually, as this was not the species count, but the abundance count. Percent flora coverage, including grass, was determined by my partner and myself, after which an agreed upon percentage was determined. Estimations were ascertained via a dirt deduction method, whereby the amount of dirt seen was given a percent estimation and deducted from the 100 percent total. Percent grass coverage was estimated by myself and my partner, after which an agreed upon estimation was chosen. Any flattened blades of grass were lifted so as to provide a more accurate estimation of grass coverage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560024
title: Bird abundance in a grassland and woodlot on York University campus

description: Data was collected on York University campus in the grassland adjacent to Stong Pond and in the Saywell Woodlot between 2:40pm and 5:00pm on September 28, 2015. The temperature was approximately 20 degrees Celcius and it was overcast. 0.2mm of rain had fallen in the past 24 hours. Bird abundance was estimated by walking 5 transects in the grassland and 5 transects in the woodlot. Each transect was 30m long. The experimenter placed each transect randomly by using a random number generator to generate a number between 0 and 100. The experimenter walked the random number of steps along the edge of the grassland or woodlot, then placed the transect. The experimentor estimated wind speed using the Beaufort Scale, then walked each transect for 5 minutes, stopping every 3 steps to look left, right, and above for birds. Each time a bird was observed within 25m of the transect line, the species and estimated distance from the transect line was recorded. Species were identified using a guidebook. In the event that a species could not be identified immediately, a description was recorded and the bird was identified after walking the transect. For each transect, the number of birds of each species, the total number of birds, and the number of different species observed were recorded.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.1560030
title: Allelic Frequencies Paramuricea clavata Atlantic and Mediterranean

description: This is a high resolution figure showing the allelic frequencies computed in the R package StandArich, of Paramuricea clavata from the following loci: Parcla 9 Parcla 10 Parcla 12 Parcla 14 Parcla 17 and Par_d Samples were collected in the Atlantic (Portugal) and Mediterranean.