cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1rn8pk0pg
title: New set of microsatellite markers for the great-billed seed-finch (Sporophila maximiliani – Passeriformes: Thraupidae): tools for inspection and conservation

description: The Thraupidae family is one of the most wanted by bird breeders in Brazil
 due to its diverse, colorful and melodious singers as representatives. The
 Great-billed Seed-finch, Sporophila maximiliani, is the only
 representative of the genus Sporophila considered critically endangered in
 Brazil. Due to the demands of environmental agencies and of conservation
 programs, there is a need to increase the number of molecular markers
 available for the genus and specially for S.maximiliani. Therefore, this
 work aimed to provide a new set of microsatellite markers for S.
 maximiliani in order to help bird breeders and environmental agencies on
 fulfilling its demands as well as contributing with extra genetics tools
 for conservation programs of the Great-billed Seed-finch. Of the 30
 markers developed, 25 successfully amplified and 22 were polymorphic.
 Annealing temperature varied from 52 to 64°C, number of alleles from two
 to 13 and the medium allele richness was 7.25 and medium expected and
 observed heterozygosity was, respectively, 0.812 and 0.661. The identity
 estimate was 8.54x10 -27 and all the other probabilities of non-exclusion
 (sib-identity, parent pair and first-parent) were &lt;0.001,
 indicating that this set of microsatellite markers have high genetic
 variability and high power of individual genetic differentiation for
 S.maximiliani. Therefore, this work increases the options of molecular
 markers to be used on inspection for environmental agencies and for
 conservation programs on analyzing genetic variability and population
 studies for the Great-billed Seed-finch.
description: Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples for all of the
 analysis in this work through Qiagen DNeasy Blood & Tissue kit
 (QIAGEN, 2006). Contigs generated for the draft genome of S. maximiliani
 (GenBank accession number: MF327582) (Ludwig et al. 2017) were accessed to
 identify microsatellite regions using the software MSATCOMMANDER
 (Faircloth 2008). Over 100,000 contigs containing microsatellite regions
 were identified, and about 1,000 primer pairs suggested (Dryad: xxx). The
 primer pairs were screened for the generated fragment size (amplicons of
 75–300 bp), and selected microsatellites containing at least seven repeats
 of tri/tetra-nucleotide motifs, because microsatellites with tri- and
 tetra-nucleotide motifs can be easily discerned, avoiding issues such as
 stuttering pattern (e.g. de Valk et al. 2005). Microsatellite markers were
 designed for 30 loci with motifs varying from four to six
 nucleotides.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.whs7fx
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 540 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Euphydryas gillettii"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 540 records from 28 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002020-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1vhhmgqp7
title: The functional organization of excitation and inhibition in the dendritic arbors of retinal direction-selective ganglion cells

description: Recent studies indicate that the precise timing and location of excitation
 and inhibition (E/I) within active dendritic trees can significantly
 impact neuronal function. How excitatory and inhibitory inputs are
 functionally organized at the subcellular level in intact circuits remains
 unclear. To address this issue, we took advantage of the retinal
 direction-selective ganglion cell circuit, in which directionally tuned
 inhibitory GABAergic input arising from starburst amacrine cells shape
 direction-selective dendritic responses. We combined two-photon calcium
 imaging with genetic, pharmacological, and single-cell ablation methods to
 examine local E/I. We demonstrate that when active dendritic conductances
 are blocked, direction selectivity emerges semi-independently within
 unusually small dendritic segments (&lt;10 µm). Impressively, the
 direction encoded by each segment is relatively homogenous throughout the
 ganglion cell’s dendritic tree. Together the results demonstrate a precise
 subcellular functional organization of excitatory and inhibitory input,
 which suggests that the parallel processing scheme proposed for direction
 encoding could be more fine-grained than previously envisioned.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9p8cz8wbt
title: Geographic, temporal and individual factors influencing foraging behaviour and consistency in Australasian gannets

description: Foraging is a behaviour that can be influenced by multiple factors and is
 highly plastic. Recent studies have shown consistency in individual
 foraging behaviour has serious ecological and evolutionary implications
 within species and populations. Such information is crucial to understand
 how species select habitats, and how such selection might allow them to
 adapt to the environmental changes they face. Five foraging metrics
 (maximum distance from the colony, bearing from the colony to the most
 distal point, tortuosity index, total number of dives and mean Vectorial
 Dynamic Body Acceleration were obtained using GPS tracking and
 accelerometry data in adult Australasian gannets (Morus serrator) from two
 colonies in south-eastern Australia. Individuals were instrumented over
 two breeding seasons to obtain data to assess factors influencing foraging
 behaviour and behavioural consistency over multiple timescales
 (consecutive trips, breeding stages and years) and habitats (pelagic,
 mixed pelagic and inshore, and inshore). Colony, breeding stage and year
 were the factors which had the greatest influence on foraging behaviour,
 followed by sex. Behavioural consistency, measured as the contribution of
 the individual to the observed variance, was low to moderate for all
 foraging metrics (0.0 to 27.05%), with the higher values occurring over
 shorter timescales. In addition, behavioural consistency was driven by
 spatio-temporal factors rather than intrinsic characteristics. Behavioural
 consistency was higher in individuals foraging in inshore than pelagic
 habitats or mixed pelagic/inshore strategy, supporting suggestions that
 consistency is favoured in stable environments.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gqnk98shd
title: Revealing the colourful side of birds: spatial distribution of conspicuous plumage colours on the body of Australian birds

description: In many species of birds, different body parts often display very
 different colours. This spatial distribution of coloured plumage patches
 may be determined, among other factors, by the balance between being
 cryptic to predators, and conspicuous to intended receivers. If this is
 the case, ventral and anterior body parts in birds –which are less visible
 to predators but more prominent to conspecifics– should present more
 conspicuous and sexually dichromatic plumage colours. Here I test these
 predictions using reflectance spectrometric measurements of standardised
 plumage patches across males and females for nearly an entire avifauna
 (Australian landbirds, N = 538 species). My data show that, as predicted,
 conspicuous and sexually dichromatic colours are mainly located near the
 head, while the plumage of the back is the most cryptic. One clear
 exception to this pattern is the conspicuous rump coloration. In many
 species, this patch can be concealed by wings, and therefore exposed only
 when necessary. In addition, conspicuous rump coloration could deflect or
 confuse predators in case of attack. However, there is considerable
 variation across species, and this makes position on the body a very poor
 predictor of plumage elaboration (R2 &lt; 0.02). Future studies should
 try to determine whether differences between species in the distribution
 of colours across the plumage are due to variation in ecological factors
 (predation risk, habitat, etc.).
DOI: 10.3886/e244689v1
title: Kibritçi kız

description: Kibritçi Kız
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.tqjq2bvtn
title: Alterations ion channel expression in prefrontal cortex of a mouse model of schizophrenia

description: Maternal immune activation (MIA) and juvenile social isolation (SI) are
 two most prevalent and widely accepted environmental insults that could
 increase the propensity of psychiatric illnesses. Using a two-hit model,
 we examined the impact of these two factors on expressions of
 voltage-gated sodium (Nav) and small conductance calcium-activated
 potassium (SK) channels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We found that
 MIA-SI significantly increased the expression level of Nav1.2 and SK3
 channels that contribute to the somatodendritic potential and the mAHP,
 respectively.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.bg79cnp72
title: Data from: Quantitative and qualitative consequences of reduced pollen loads in a mixed-mating plant

description: Greater pollination intensity can enhance maternal plant fitness by
 increasing seed set and seed quality as a result of more intense pollen
 competition or enhanced genetic sampling. We tested experimentally these
 effects by varying the pollen load from a single pollen donor on stigmas
 of female flowers of Dalechampia scandens (Euphorbiaceae) and measuring
 the effects on seed number and seed mass. Seed set increased rapidly with
 pollen number at low to moderate pollen loads, and a maximum set of three
 seeds occurred with a mean pollen load of 19 pollen grains. We did not
 detect a trade-off between the number of seeds and seed mass within a
 fruit. Seed mass increased with increasing pollen load, supporting the
 hypothesis of enhanced seed quality via increased pollen-competition
 intensity or genetic sampling. These results suggest that maternal fitness
 increases with larger pollen loads, even when the fertilization success is
 already high. Our results further highlight the importance of high rates
 of pollen arrival onto stigmas, as mediated by reliable pollinators.
 Comparing the pollen-to-seed response curve obtained in this experiment
 with those observed in natural populations suggests that pollen limitation
 may be more severe in natural populations than detected in greenhouse
 studies. The results also indicate that declining pollinator abundance may
 decrease seed quality before an effect on seed set is detected.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.zw3r2284c
title: Data from: Numbers and population trends of large herbivores in Mole National Park, Ghana

description: Mole National Park (MNP) is Ghana’s oldest and largest wildlife preserve.
 Eight large herbivores were counted in four different seasons in 2013/2014
 on transects covering 4.7% of the park to estimate their population sizes
 and trends after changes in park management; all species were more
 abundant than previously reported. Averaging counts across seasons, and
 including all age classes, gave an estimated population of 1595 elephants,
 which is likely to be a substantial proportion of the west African
 elephant population. Kob were the most abundant herbivore, with an
 estimated population of 9092, followed by bushbuck (6758), warthog (6247)
 and hartebeest (6039). Roan, buffalo and waterbuck population estimates
 were 4382, 4272 and 4140 respectively. The impact of widespread burning on
 herbivore populations is currently unknown, but probably helps maintain
 both numbers and diversity. While all herbivore populations were higher
 than previously estimated, it was hard to determine the extent of recent
 increases due to methodological limitations of earlier aerial surveys.
 However, the distribution of large herbivores seems to be little changed,
 suggesting that both numbers and distribution are still limited by
 poaching and seasonal water availability.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.83bk3j9mq
title: Cushing’s disease disrupts functional brain network topology

description: ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the whole functional brain networks of
 active Cushing disease (CD) patients about topological parameters (small
 world and rich club et al.) and compared with healthy control (NC).
 Methods: Nineteen active CD patients and twenty-two healthy control
 subjects, matched in age, gender, and education, underwent resting-state
 fMRI. Graph theoretical analysis were used to calculate the functional
 brain networks organization of all participants and compare between active
 CD and NC. Results: Active CD patients revealed higher global efficiency,
 less path length and cluster efficiency compared with healthy control.
 Additionally, small word organization was present in active CD patients
 but higher than healthy control. Moreover, rich club connections, feeder
 connections and local connection were significantly decreased in active CD
 patients. Conclusions: The functional network properties were disrupted in
 active CD patients compared with healthy control. Analyzing the changes of
 abnormal network metrics is helpful to understand the pathophysiological
 mechanism.
DOI: 10.3886/e244689v2
title: Kibritçi kız

description: Kibritçi Kız
DOI: 10.15468/dl.kghvqg
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 206329 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "and" : [
 "Country is Colombia",
 "TaxonKey is Formicidae",
 "Year 2010-2026"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 206329 records from 183 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0001984-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.x0k6djhf8
title: In the corner of the eye: camouflaging motion in the peripheral visual field

description: Most animals need to move, and motion will generally break camouflage. In
 many instances, most of the visual field of a predator does not fall
 within a high-resolution area of the retina and so, when an undetected
 prey moves, that motion will often be in peripheral vision. We investigate
 how this can be exploited by prey, through different patterns of movement,
 to reduce the accuracy with which the predator can locate a cryptic prey
 item when it subsequently orients towards a target. The same logic applies
 for a prey species trying to localise a predatory threat. Using human
 participants as surrogate predators, tasked with localising a target on
 peripherally viewed computer screens, we quantify the effects of movement
 (duration and speed) and target pattern. We show that, while motion is
 certainly detrimental to camouflage, should movement be necessary, some
 behaviours and surface patterns reduce that cost. Our data indicate that
 the phenotype that minimises localisation accuracy is unpatterned, having
 the mean luminance of the background, does not utilise a startle display
 prior to movement, and has short (below saccadic latency), fast movements.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18391387
title: T_tildes_artifact
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.08kprr4xv
title: Modeling the impact of a potential shale gas industry in Germany and the United Kingdom on ozone with WRF-Chem

description: Germany and the United Kingdom have domestic shale gas reserves which they
 may exploit in the future to complement their national energy strategies.
 However gas production releases volatile organic compounds (VOC) and
 nitrogen oxides (NOx), which through photochemical reaction form
 ground-level ozone, an air pollutant that can trigger adverse health
 effects e.g. on the respiratory system. This study explores the range of
 impacts of a potential shale gas industry in these two countries on local
 and regional ambient ozone. To this end, comprehensive emission scenarios
 are used as the basis for input to an online-coupled regional chemistry
 transport model (WRF-Chem). Here we simulate shale gas scenarios over
 summer (June, July, August) 2011, exploring the effects of varying VOC
 emissions, gas speciation, and concentration of NOx emissions over space
 and time, on ozone formation. An evaluation of the model setup is
 performed, which exhibited the model’s ability to predict surface
 meteorological and chemical variables well compared with observations, and
 consistent with other studies. When different shale gas scenarios were
 employed, the results show a peak increase in maximum daily 8-hour average
 ozone from 3.7 to 28.3 μg m-3. In addition, we find that shale gas
 emissions can force ozone exceedances at a considerable percentage of
 regulatory measurement stations locally (up to 21% in Germany and 35% in
 the United Kingdom) and in distant countries through long-range transport,
 and increase the cumulative health-related metric SOMO35 (maximum percent
 increase of ~28%) throughout the region. Findings indicate that VOC
 emissions are important for ozone enhancement, and to a lesser extent NOx,
 meaning that VOC regulation for a future European shale gas industry will
 be of especial importance to mitigate unfavorable health outcomes. Overall
 our findings demonstrate that shale gas production in Europe can worsen
 ozone air quality on both the local and regional scales.
description: Attached is WRF-Chem model output data for maximum daily 8-hour
 average O<sub>3</sub> (MDA8). Daily output data covering the
 JJA 2011 simulation period are concatenated into one file. There is one
 file per scenario, in addition to a base case file. The scenario file
 names are explained in README.txt.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j0zpc8695
title: Within-individual trophic variability drives short-term intraspecific trait variation in natural populations

description: 1. Intra-specific trait variability (ITV) maintains functional diversity
 in populations and communities, and plays a crucial role in ecological and
 evolutionary processes such as trophic cascades or speciation.
 Furthermore, functional variation within a species and its populations can
 help buffer against harmful environmental changes. Trait variability
 within species can be observed from differences among populations, and
 between- and within individuals. In animals, ITV can be driven by
 ontogeny, the environment in which populations live, and by
 within-individual specialization or variation unrelated to growth.
 However, we still know little about the relative strength of these drivers
 in determining ITV variation in natural populations. 2. Here, we aimed to
 (1) measure the relative strength of between- and within-individual
 effects of body size on ITV over time, and (2) disentangle the trophic
 changes due to ontogeny from other sources of variability, such as the
 environment experienced by populations and individual preferences at
 varying temporal and spatial scales. 3. We used as a model system the
 endangered marble trout (Salmo marmoratus), a freshwater fish living in a
 restricted geographical area (&lt;900km²) that shows marked changes in
 diet through ontogeny. We investigated two trophic traits, trophic
 position and resource use, with stable isotopes (δ15N and δ13C), and
 followed over time 238 individually tagged marble trout from six
 populations to estimate the trophic changes between- and within
 individuals through ontogeny at three different timescales (short-term:
 three months, medium-term: one year, and long-term: two years). 4. We
 found that the relative strength of between- and within-individual effects
 of body size on trophic position and resource use change strongly over
 time. Both effects played a similar role in ITV over medium- and long-term
 time scales, but within-individual effects were significantly driving
 trophic variability over short-term scales. Apart from ontogenetic shifts,
 individuals showed variability in trophic traits as big as the variability
 estimated between populations. 5. Overall, our results show how the
 relative strengths of ITV drivers change over time. This study evidences
 the crucial importance of considering effects of timescales on functional
 variability at individual, population, and species levels.
description: We sampled 238 individually tagged marble trout (<em>Salmo
 marmoratus</em>) from six populations in the streams of the Soča and
 Idrijca River basins (Slovenia). Trout were measured to the nearest
 milimeter. Part of the pectoral fin was collected from anaesthetized trout
 for isotopic analyses. The present dataset provides the raw data
 (δ<sup>15</sup>N and δ<sup>13</sup>C) and baseline
 corrected stable isotope values (TP and Ccorr).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6djh9w0x3
title: The expansion wave of an invasive predator leaves declining waterbird populations behind

description: Aim: Theory predicts that the evolutionary adaptations of prey to reduce
 predator pressure often fail in confrontation with non-native predators;
 thus, their predation usually leads to sharp declines of prey populations.
 However, over time, prey can develop anti-predator adaptations, reduce
 predator impact and recover its population. We analyse the numerical
 response of multiple prey species to the impact of a non-native predator
 on a large spatiotemporal scale. Location: Poland Methods: Long-term
 population dynamics of 13 waterbird species breeding in 123 sites were
 analysed with reference to the present and historical distribution of mink
 over 40 years. We rescaled the temporal waterbird dynamics to the time
 elapsed since the mink colonized each site. Results: The steepest
 waterbird declines were recorded up to 15 years after establishment of the
 mink population, and in that period, waterbird abundance averaged across
 the 13 studied species declined by 50% but certain species showed
 different patterns: the abundance of eight species declined linearly or
 non-linearly, whereas the breeding populations of five other species did
 not change significantly. Over time, the abundance of some declining
 species increased slightly and tended to stabilize at a lower level. The
 temporal pattern of waterbird dynamics averaged across species correlated
 closely with temporal changes of mink density with a 4-year time lag. A
 projection of the observed patterns shows that waterbird decline following
 the expansion of mink has the shape of a wave travelling from the north to
 the south of Poland. Main conclusions: We conclude that the impact of the
 invasive American mink should be considered an important factor affecting
 waterbird populations at a large geographical scale. The waterbird
 vulnerability to mink predation is species-specific, and over time the
 negative impact grows weak as mink population densities decline.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.xpnvx0kb6
title: Data from: Oxidative stress in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE): role of aging, and DJ-1

description: High levels of oxidative radicals generated by daily light exposure and
 high metabolic rate suggest that the antioxidant machinery of the retina
 and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is crucial for their survival. DJ-1
 is a redox-sensitive protein that has been shown to have neuroprotective
 function in the brain in Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative
 diseases. Here, we analyzed the role of DJ-1 in the retina during
 oxidative stress and aging. We induced low-level oxidative stress in young
 (3-month-old) and old (15-month-old) C57BL/6J (WT) and DJ-1 knockout (KO)
 mice and evaluated effects in the RPE and retina. Absence of DJ-1 resulted
 in increased retinal dysfunction in response to low levels of oxidative
 stress. Our ﬁndings suggest that loss of DJ-1 affects the RPE antioxidant
 machinery, rendering it unable to combat and neutralize low-level
 oxidative stress, irrespective of age. Moreover, they draw a parallel to
 the retinal degeneration observed in AMD, where the occurrence of genetic
 variants may leave the retina and RPE unable to ﬁght sustained, low-levels
 of oxidative stress.