cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78900
title: Farm house in the Punjab, Pakistan, ca.1890

description: “Panjabi Farm.” Exterior view showing storage facilities on a farm in the Punjab. ❧ This is one of a series of images showing scenes of farming life in the Punjab. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79901
title: Hospital, Ambrym, Vanuatu, 1903

description: “Hospital, Ambrim, erected 1895-96.” Exterior view of a one storey hospital building with figures standing at the main entrance. Rev Dr John T Bowie was based at the Ambrim Hospital.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79654
title: Kahoho's Intermediate School, Kikuyu, Kenya, August 1926

description: Welcome to Rev Mr Stevenson at Kahoho's Intermediate School, Monday 17th August 1926. [listed from left to right] Rev Benjamin, Rev Mr Stevenson & Elder Musa". Group portrait of Reverend Stevenson and others. The Kikuyu Mission had been founded on a temporary site by the Imperial British East Africa Company in 1891, before moving to Kikuyu territory in 1898, under the Rev. Thomas Watson. Located on the ‘lower shamba’, the site stands 12 miles from Nairobi, at a distance of approximately 342 miles away from the coast. The Church of Scotland assumed control of the Mission in 1901. The mission church was built as a memorial to Dr Ruffelle Scott who originally began the building of a mission church as a memorial to the Reverend Thomas Watson, who died in 1900. In April of the same year, the first day-school was opened for children. By March 1926, The Alliance High School for older boys was established, principled by Mr G.A. Grieve. ❧ "A Series of Photos illustrating Life and Work at Kikuyu. August 1926. Rev W.B. Stevenson.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78896
title: Oxen treading wheat, , Punjab, Pakistan, ca.1890

description: “Treading the wheat.” Exterior view of an oxen being led over harvested wheat in a field as a form of threshing. ❧ This is one of a series of images showing scenes of farming life in the Punjab. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79074
title: State Engineering House, Pune, India, ca.1910

description: “The State Engineering House, Pooneh [Pune] where the meetings are held.” External view of two story European style house with hills in the background. The Pune mission was operated by the Free Church of Scotland.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79004
title: Mission House, Chamba, India, 1904

description: “Mission House Chamba 1904.” External view of church mission house situated in front of hill and surrounded by trees. ❧ The Chamba mission was established, in 1863, by William Ferguson (1821-1904) as an independent venture after the committee of the India Mission turned down his offer of work. When Ferguson retired he handed the mission over to the Church of Scotland. Dr Hutchison took over the running of the Chamba district, in 1873, from William Ferguson and remained there until his death in 1936. Medico-evangelistic work was undertaken amongst the Himalayan slopes and the missionary parties would endure extreme conditions to spread the Christian gospels and provide medical treatments. ❧ Chamba was an independent princely state and came under British influence in 1848. It now forms part of Himachal Pradesh.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79001
title: City View, Chamba, India, 1904

description: “View of Chamba, 1904.” View of city situated in valley with mountains rising behind. ❧ The Chamba mission was established, in 1863, by William Ferguson (1821-1904) as an independent venture after the committee of the India Mission turned down his offer of work. When Ferguson retired he handed the mission over to the Church of Scotland. Dr Hutchison took over the running of the Chamba district, in 1873, from William Ferguson and remained there until his death in 1936. Medico-evangelistic work was undertaken amongst the Himalayan slopes and the missionary parties would endure extreme conditions to spread the Christian gospels and provide medical treatments. ❧ Chamba was an independent princely state and came under British influence in 1848. It now forms part of Himachal Pradesh.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5879097
title: Qur'anic Recitation Styles and Reciters Dataset

description: A novel annotated dataset for Qur’anic recitation style classification and individual reciter classification.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78897
title: Separating the grain from the chaff, Punjab, Pakistan ca.1890

description: “Winnowing.” Exterior view of two agricultural workers in a field throwing the threshed wheat into the air to remove the chaff. ❧ This is one of a series of images showing scenes of farming life in the Punjab. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79512
title: Chief and inhabitants, Anatom, ca.1890

description: “Tathella, the late Chief of Anelcahaut [Anelcauhat] and some of his people.” Group portrait of indigenous men and children with a building in the background. They wear cloth shirts, trousers, and wraps, and a few men hold makeshift staffs. The old man fourth from the left on the back row is probably ‘Tathella’.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79526
title: Mount Tukosmera, Tanna, ca.1890

description: “Mirren - Highest peak of Tanna, 4 or 5000 ft. Head of bay, Port Resolution, Tanna.” View across the bay of Mount Mirren [Tukosmera], the highest peak of Tanna. The village of Yaohnanen is the centre of the Prince Philip movement, which reveres Prince Philip, the Duke of Edinburgh and prince consort of the United Kingdom. They believe that the Greek-born husband of Queen Elizabeth II is a descendent of a male being who emerged from the sacred mountain which overlooks the village. John Frum is a figure associated with cargo cults on the island of Tanna. He is often depicted as an American World War II serviceman, who will bring wealth and prosperity to the people if they follow him. The religion arose in the late 1930s and was heavily influenced by existing religious practice in the Sulphur Bay area of Tanna, particularly the worship of Keraperamun, a god associated with Mount Tukosmera.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79003
title: Leper Women, Chamba, India, 1904

description: “Group of Leper Women, 1904.” Group portrait of several leper women. ❧ The Chamba mission was established, in 1863, by William Ferguson (1821-1904) as an independent venture after the committee of the India Mission turned down his offer of work. When Ferguson retired he handed the mission over to the Church of Scotland. Dr Hutchison took over the running of the Chamba district, in 1873, from William Ferguson and remained there until his death in 1936. Medico-evangelistic work was undertaken amongst the Himalayan slopes and the missionary parties would endure extreme conditions to spread the Christian gospels and provide medical treatments. Mr. Wellesley Bailey (1846-1937) built several leper asylums in the Chamba region as part of his international charity, The Leprosy Mission. The church had great success in preaching the gospel among them. ❧ Chamba was an independent princely state and came under British influence in 1848. It now forms part of Himachal Pradesh.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78993
title: Mission House, Daska, Pakistan, ca.1910

description: “Mission House Rev. W, Mrs. and Miss Scott.” Exterior view of a mission house, through each archway of the veranda can be seen blinds and a man and women stand at the main entrance to the house. Two carriages are also seen. Daska is situated twenty miles South West of Sialkot and was the main station from which itineration could be carried out in the surrounding district and from early on had a permanent catechist. William Scott (1866-1936), ordained 1891, spent the greater part of his career in Daska and was Principal of the Christian Boys’ Training School. His wife, also pictured here, was Mary Elsie Scott.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78928
title: Christian Girls’ School, Sialkot, Pakistan, ca.1910

description: “Christian Girls’ School Sialkot, Miss Black.” Group portrait of several young indigenous women and girls. The Christian Girls’ Boarding School was established in 1892, with four borders, by the Women’s Association for Foreign Missions. The aim of the Association was to extend women’s access to education and health care. The first head of the school was Miss Mary E. Scorgie, who would move to Daska to marry William Scott, and was replaced by Miss Margaret Black in 1894. The girls at the school were predominantly from a Muslim background and had joined the school by achieving high grades in a village school. The Association would have seven European women working in Sialkot by 1906.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78908
title: Moving large tree trunks on oxen carts, Sialkot, Pakistan, ca.1890

description: “Carting logs from the Chenab [River].” Exterior view of two wagons both carrying very large logs. The Chenab River runs north of Sialkot and is one of the five major rivers of the Punjab. This is one of several photographs showing industries and workers. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79053
title: Rev. Kemp at Stream, Sialkot, Pakistan, ca.1910

description: “The Rev. R. Sangster Kemp, B.D., of Old Deer – Foreign Mission. Deputy on tour in Sialkot District.” View of Rev. Robert Sangster Kemp (1862-1954) crossing a small stream. Rev. Kemp served in Old Deer, north of Aberdeen. He retired in 1953 at 90 years old and was affectionately known as ‘Father of the Church of Scotland.’
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78927
title: School Skailing, Sialkot, Pakistan, ca.1910

description: “School ‘skailing’ Sialkot.” View of several young indigenous boys standing in courtyard as they leave school. The mission’s main teaching institution was the Scottish Mission College, which was opened in 1889 by Dr. Youngson. There were also other smaller schools for teaching younger students a number of which were set up in the Punjab under the supervision of John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson, who arrived in Sialkot in 1860 and represented the Church of Scotland Foreign Mission. The college, now known as the Murray College, was nationalised by the Pakistan Government in 1972.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78910
title: Horse drawn carriage, Sialkot, Pakistan, ca.1890

description: “An Ekka.” Image of a small carriage with two wheels pulled by a single horse. The driver sits at the front and a passenger sits in the rear under a canopy. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79180
title: Punjabi Christian Recruits, Punjab, Pakistan, ca.1910

description: “Panjabi Christian Recruits. On their way to be medically examined. W. Dalgetty.” Group portrait of several indigenous soldiers standing in the road with two European men beside them. Native Christians were often at the forefront of the mission expansion and also part of the original group establishing the field.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78913
title: Tannery, Sialkot, Pakistan, ca.1890

description: “Drying Hides for Leather.” Landscape showing many leather hides stretched between wooden frames. This is one of several photographs showing industries and workers. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78985
title: Gate, Wazirabad, Pakistan, ca.1910

description: “One of the gates of Wazirabad.” External view of large stone gateway. The mission in Wazirabad was established with the arrival of Mohammed Ismail (-1873) who took over the government school in 1863. The town of Wazirabad was founded in 1636 by Shah Jahan (1592-1658) on the banks of the Chenab River and is 45 Kilometres west of Sialkot .
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79489
title: Aneityumese man, Anatom, ca.1890

description: “Aneityum [Anatom] - Native preacher trained by Dr. Inglis.”  Portrait of an indigenous man wearing a dark three-piece suit and what look like leather shoes. He is standing on a garden path and holding what is presumably his Bible. John Inglis (1808-1891) and his wife joined John Geddie on Aneityum in 1853. They were commissioned by the Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland which was acting on the advice of Alexander Duff (1806-1878) that they should become a missionary Church. It was the practice for the white missionaries to recruit Christians from some of the churches on other islands to aid the missionary in the work of teaching and preaching. It was argued that in this way more people would hear the gospel more quickly with the intention of raising up indigenous church leaders who could carry the gospel message to their own people.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79884
title: Portrait of couple, Vanuatu, ca.1900

description: “Natives of Solomon Islands dressed with clothing purchased as part payment of their wages in Fiji before being returned home.” Portrait of a man and woman who are returning to the Solomon Islands.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79564
title: Women in grass skirts, Tanna, ca.1890

description: “Tanna Women.” Group portrait of three women of varying ages and a naked young girl standing on a beach. The women appear to have collected further materials (pandana or banana leaf) for making the skirts they wear.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79573
title: Group Portrait of Missionaries, Vanuatu, 1903

description: “Photo by Dr Gunn 1903” – “ [Standing back row] L to R; 1. Dr D Crombie, 2. Rev G Fleming, 3. Dr S R M’Causland, 4. Mrs M’Causland, 5. Rev John Gillan, 6. Rev F J Paton, 7. Rev J W Mackenzie, 8. Rev Daniel Macdonald, 9. Rev T E Riddle, 10. Rev T Watt Leggatt 11. Rev R M Fraser, 12. Mr D L Paterson, 13. Rev Fred G Bowie, 14.Rev M Frater, 15. Dr J C Nicholson, 16. Mr W Anderson ❧ Middle Row [Seated L to R] – 17. Rev Charles E Yates, 18. Mrs Yates, 19. Mrs Fleming, 20. Mrs Gunn, 21. Rev John G Paton, 22. Rev J Noble Mackenzie, 23. Rev W Watt, 24. P Milne, 25. Mrs Nicholson ❧ Front Row [on ground L to R] 26. Dr W Gunn, 27. Mrs Maggie Mackenzie, 28. Rev T Macmillan” ❧ “Synod New Hebrides Presbyterian Mission, 1903 at Aneityum. Rev J Noble Mackenzie, Moderator.”
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78893
title: Hunter Memorial Church in Sialkot, Punjab, ca.1890

description: “Hunter Memorial Church, Sialkot.” Exterior view of the Church at Sailkot built in memory of Thomas Hunter. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.18734597.v1
title: Healthcare Seeking Pathways and Diagnostic Delays of EPTB

description: The minimal dataset, data from the study “Healthcare seeking pathways and diagnostic delays among extra-pulmonary tuberculosis patients: a study from Pakistan”, are available as Supportive Information, S1 File. Data set.<br>Ethical clearance was obtained from the Regional Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics, Western-Norway (REK Vest), and the National Bioethics Committee of Pakistan. All study participants signed informed written consent. For participants &lt; 15 years of age, the written consent was signed by the parent/guardian.<br>
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78909
title: Two wheeled wagon, Punjab, Pakistan, ca.1890

description: “Buffalo Waggon.” Exterior view of two workers standing either side of a two wheeled wagon being pulled by a buffalo. This is one of several photographs showing industries and workers. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79701
title: Hospital worker, Kikuyu, Kenya, ca.1911

description: "One year and four months after the hospital was opened, Dr. Arthur asked a lad Njoroge, who had been with him as a houseboy, if he wouldn't come on as an Hospital boy. The work was fully explained, it's arduous character, and it's not infrequent disagreeableness. The boy consented, and was quickly tested as no Kikuyu ever was before him; he had to do the disagreeable work of the Hospital, to help in the dressing of foul-smelling sores, to nurse in the wards sometimes until death, and after death in the face of all custom and up-bringing, to help to dig a grave, and bury a dead body. Consider how a Kikuyu man will never touch a dead body, lest he become unclean, and infected by the evil spirit, and this was the crowning triumph of this boys surrender. Only the grace of God could have made a boy such as he do what he has done. To-day he is a baptised lad, rejoicing in the name of Samsoni, a triumph of Missionary work. Since then, others have followed in his tracks, and are sharing his difficulties and his joys." Portrait of Samsoni. ❧ "This Lecture was prepared by Dr J.W. Arthur in October 1911 on his voyage to Mombasa. The set of slides is the gift to the Kikuyu Mission of the Young Peoples Meeting at the Burgh Hall, Hillhead, of which he was for many years a member." A green folder marked 'Kikuyu' and containing lecture notes and relevant photographs to accompany lantern slides.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79580
title: Group of islanders, Erromango, ca.1903

description: “Group of Erromangans. Mr Robertson, missionary, standing in the middle. His child has moved.” Group portrait of men, women and children from Erromanga. Possibly sitting in the centre is Mr Hugh Robertson, 1841-1914, missionary to Erromango.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79033
title: Mountain Battery, Africa, ca.1910

description: “Mountain battery captured in German S.W. Africa and now in use in G.S.E. against the Germans by the British – 6 guns and 100 mules native drivers and S.A.[South African] white men as gunners.” View of several artillery pieces with tents in background.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-78895
title: Oxen pulling ploughs, India, ca.1890

description: “Ploughing in the Punjab.” Exterior view showing two plough teams side by side in a field. ❧ This is one of a series of images showing scenes of farming life in the Punjab. ❧ The Church of Scotland first established a mission in Sialkot in 1857 with the arrival of the Reverend Thomas Hunter (1827-1857). He, his wife and child were killed during the Sepoy Rebellion when they had failed to take refuge at the Fort of Lahore. His successors, John Taylor (1837-1868) and Robert Paterson , would not arrive in Sialkot until 1860 and rapidly expand the field. The mission would open orphanages, girl’s schools, women’s hospitals and do zenana work in Siallkot and throughout the Punjab.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79583
title: Waterfall, Anatom, Vanuatu, ca.1900

description: “Waterfall Aneityum, 1st visited or discovered by Dr Gunn July 1899.” Landscape view of a waterfall on Aneityum [Anatom].
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79673
title: Kikuyu young man, Kikuyu, Kenya, ca.1911

description: "When a boy gets to the age of about 12 a hole is pierced in the lower lobe of the ear, and three little holes on the top. Into each of these is inserted a bit of wood, and that in the lower lobe is gradually made larger, until as you see from this ear how the lobe completely encircles this circle of wood. Note too, the three long bits of stick extending from the holes in the top of the ear." Portrait of a young indigenous man with traditional ear piercing and dress. ❧ "This Lecture was prepared by Dr J.W. Arthur in October 1911 on his voyage to Mombasa. The set of slides is the gift to the Kikuyu Mission of the Young Peoples Meeting at the Burgh Hall, Hillhead, of which he was for many years a member." A green folder marked 'Kikuyu' and containing lecture notes and relevant photographs to accompany lantern slides.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79575
title: Mrs Gunn and Ruth, Anelgauhat, Anatom, Vanuatu, 1903

description: “Mission Stn. Anelgauhat, Mrs Gunn sitting at door. Ruth on fence, both in awkward positions.” Exterior view of a mission house at Aneityum with people and cattle standing in the foreground. Ruth, sitting on the fence, was the youngest of the Gunn children.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79570
title: Old man, Espíritu Santo, ca.1890

description: “An old Santo [Espíritu Santo] man." Portrait of a bare-chested man sitting on the ground.
DOI: 10.25549/impa-c123-79010
title: Entrance, Jalalpur, Pakistan, ca.1910

description: “Entrance to Jalalpur.” View of several people and cart in front of village buildings. Jalalpur Jattan is located approximately 10 miles northeast of Gujrat.There are nine principal stations; Sialkot and District, Gujrat, Wazirabad, Daska, Youngsonabad, Jalalpur, Shadiwal, Jammu and Chamba, the latter two in what were independent princely states.