cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308753.v1
title: A proposal to clarify the use of Sum of Bases in the Brazilian Remineralizer Regulation and in Soil Science

description: ABSTRACT The term Sum of Bases has different meanings in Soil Science and the Remineralizer Regulations. This issue may cause misunderstandings in communication, particularly between the agricultural community and the mining community, becoming an obstacle to the advancement of the use of this soil amendment. In this scientific note we propose the use of subscript “R” (SBR), standing for Rock, in English, and Rocha, in Brazilian Portuguese, and “S” (SBS) standing for Soil in English and Solo in Brazilian Portuguese. In this way SBR will refer to the Sum of Bases as defined in the Remineralizer Regulation (), and SBS to the Sum of Bases as defined in Soil Science (SBS = Ca (mmolc dm-3) + Mg (mmolc dm-3) + K (mmolc dm-3) + Na (mmolc dm-3)). This approach avoids confusion and facilitates the correct use of laboratory data. We provide a working example, a conversion table and a formula to estimate the potential increase in SBS caused by SBR.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308756
title: “Cinema Brasileiro e Realidade Social”, de Paulo Emílio Salles Gomes

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to comment on the conference “Brazilian Cinema and Social Reality,” written in the early 1960s by Paulo Emílio Salles Gomes. More specifically, it seeks to identify the tensions that pervade the work of the film critic from São Paulo in a period marked by the emergence of a new type of cinema production and by discussions on the country’s economic development. Significantly, the conference borrows from Formação da literatura brasileira, by Antonio Candido de Mello e Souza, presenting a particular kind of “new awareness” about Brazilian cinema, its situation and possibilities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308756.v1
title: “Cinema Brasileiro e Realidade Social”, de Paulo Emílio Salles Gomes

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to comment on the conference “Brazilian Cinema and Social Reality,” written in the early 1960s by Paulo Emílio Salles Gomes. More specifically, it seeks to identify the tensions that pervade the work of the film critic from São Paulo in a period marked by the emergence of a new type of cinema production and by discussions on the country’s economic development. Significantly, the conference borrows from Formação da literatura brasileira, by Antonio Candido de Mello e Souza, presenting a particular kind of “new awareness” about Brazilian cinema, its situation and possibilities.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308754
title: Genetic algorithm in the design of soybean silos for airflow homogenization

description: ABSTRACT One of the main processes used to maintain grain quality in large storage bins is aeration. An optimization model that considers the limited and discrete nature of the air inlets, in addition to the geometric characteristics of the storage bin, could produce results more easily applicable results for the design of new grain storage bins. The objective of this study was to parameterize and to apply the Darcy-Forchheimer model for simulating airflow in soybean grain mass as function of grain layer height, and develop an artificial intelligence method based on genetic algorithm for optimizing grain storage bin dimensions and air inlet configurations to obtain a more homogeneous airflow in the grain mass. The parameterization considered the effect of grain compaction and the OpenFOAM simulations showed good agreement with the experimental data. The proposed genetic algorithm was able to increase the airflow homogenization when compared to the grain storage bin used as reference.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308754.v1
title: Genetic algorithm in the design of soybean silos for airflow homogenization

description: ABSTRACT One of the main processes used to maintain grain quality in large storage bins is aeration. An optimization model that considers the limited and discrete nature of the air inlets, in addition to the geometric characteristics of the storage bin, could produce results more easily applicable results for the design of new grain storage bins. The objective of this study was to parameterize and to apply the Darcy-Forchheimer model for simulating airflow in soybean grain mass as function of grain layer height, and develop an artificial intelligence method based on genetic algorithm for optimizing grain storage bin dimensions and air inlet configurations to obtain a more homogeneous airflow in the grain mass. The parameterization considered the effect of grain compaction and the OpenFOAM simulations showed good agreement with the experimental data. The proposed genetic algorithm was able to increase the airflow homogenization when compared to the grain storage bin used as reference.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21971414
title: X-ray, multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence images: innovative methods for evaluating the physiological potential of rice seeds

description: Abstract: Image analysis techniques are expanding in agriculture and, for being fast, simple, and not destroying samples, they are interesting alternatives in the detection of immature rice seeds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of rice seeds using X-ray, multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence image analysis techniques. Initially, with the seeds identified and numbered, radiographic images were obtained to determine the free space (area between the endosperm + embryo and the glumes). Subsequently, with the same seeds used in the X-ray, multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence images were acquired, and then the computerized seedling analysis was performed with the SVIS® software. It was concluded that rice seeds that do not germinate or originate abnormal seedlings have free space equal to or greater than 18.68%, higher reflectance in the spectral bands with wavelength from 590 nm to 780 nm (41.46% to 64.21%, respectively) and in the band of 970 nm (75.65%), in addition to having chlorophyll fluorescence values equal to or greater than 40.58 and 112.92 at excitation/emission energies of 630/700 nm and 645/700 nm, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21971414.v1
title: X-ray, multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence images: innovative methods for evaluating the physiological potential of rice seeds

description: Abstract: Image analysis techniques are expanding in agriculture and, for being fast, simple, and not destroying samples, they are interesting alternatives in the detection of immature rice seeds. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of rice seeds using X-ray, multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence image analysis techniques. Initially, with the seeds identified and numbered, radiographic images were obtained to determine the free space (area between the endosperm + embryo and the glumes). Subsequently, with the same seeds used in the X-ray, multispectral and chlorophyll fluorescence images were acquired, and then the computerized seedling analysis was performed with the SVIS® software. It was concluded that rice seeds that do not germinate or originate abnormal seedlings have free space equal to or greater than 18.68%, higher reflectance in the spectral bands with wavelength from 590 nm to 780 nm (41.46% to 64.21%, respectively) and in the band of 970 nm (75.65%), in addition to having chlorophyll fluorescence values equal to or greater than 40.58 and 112.92 at excitation/emission energies of 630/700 nm and 645/700 nm, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308759
title: LOW-COST IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: IMPROVING DATA CONFIDENCE THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

description: ABSTRACT A common scenario in the developing countries is the low income and less education of producers. Thus, the tools used for irrigation management must be cheap and easy to handle. In this work, an autonomous and low-cost network of micro-weather stations has been developed for irrigation management. Simulations were performed to evaluate the ability of intelligent systems to compute evapotranspiration with noisy and insufficient data. The network of micro-weather stations was then applied to autonomous irrigation management of a crop of bell peppers. Statistical analysis was performed on data from the developed system and a standard weather station. The results show no statistical difference between the values of evapotranspiration calculated with data from these two sources. The developed system performed with a coefficient of determination of 0.968, mean absolute error of 0.055 mm day−1, and root mean square error of 0.063 mm day−1. The study shows that low-cost intelligent systems can be used as viable tools for efficient irrigation management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308762
title: Symbolic Relationships between teacher educators of the Teaching Degree Courses in Chemistry of the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina (Brazil)

description: ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the symbolic relationships between the teacher educators of the Degree in Chemistry at the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina - Brazil based on provisions incorporated throughout their personal, academic, and professional trajectory (habitus and capitals). To achieve this proposed objective, semi-structured interviews and document analysis were defined as instruments for the construction of research data. Interviews were conducted with 7 teacher educators who work in the Degree of Chemistry at the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina - Brazil. In turn, the document analysis obtained data from the lattes curriculum of these teachers interviewed and from information on the distribution of the workload of these teacher educators available on the websites of the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina - Brazil where they work. In the data analysis, two main categories stand out: social class and capitals, and the identified capitals are: cultural, social, political, and academic-scientific. Thus, based on Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and capital, the social classes of origin of the teacher educators and the capital accumulated by them throughout their personal, academic and professional trajectory, which constitute their habitus, are analyzed. Also, based on the capital accumulated by the teacher educators, the organization of symbolic relations between the agents in this space is highlighted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308762.v1
title: Symbolic Relationships between teacher educators of the Teaching Degree Courses in Chemistry of the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina (Brazil)

description: ABSTRACT This article aims to analyze the symbolic relationships between the teacher educators of the Degree in Chemistry at the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina - Brazil based on provisions incorporated throughout their personal, academic, and professional trajectory (habitus and capitals). To achieve this proposed objective, semi-structured interviews and document analysis were defined as instruments for the construction of research data. Interviews were conducted with 7 teacher educators who work in the Degree of Chemistry at the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina - Brazil. In turn, the document analysis obtained data from the lattes curriculum of these teachers interviewed and from information on the distribution of the workload of these teacher educators available on the websites of the Federal Institutes of Santa Catarina - Brazil where they work. In the data analysis, two main categories stand out: social class and capitals, and the identified capitals are: cultural, social, political, and academic-scientific. Thus, based on Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus and capital, the social classes of origin of the teacher educators and the capital accumulated by them throughout their personal, academic and professional trajectory, which constitute their habitus, are analyzed. Also, based on the capital accumulated by the teacher educators, the organization of symbolic relations between the agents in this space is highlighted.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308772
title: A “symbol school”: disputes and strategies of teachers from a school subfield

description: ABSTRACT The contribution of Bourdieu’s sociological theory to Education is current. The concepts of habitus, capital, and social field, in an articulated way, allow a dialectical understanding of the social agents in society. Thus, with the use of a concept derived from Bourdieu, such as school field and subfield, it is possible to understand the school institution as a builder of its own dynamics, with specific characteristics and demands, far beyond a mere passive consumer of educational projects and policies produced externally to it. In this sense, this work proposes, through systematic narrative observation and interviews with a group of Science and Biology teachers from a subfield of the school, the description and analysis of disputes, capitals, strategies, and positions of teachers in the subfield in question. A different valuation was assigned to each of the strategies according to the greater or minor possibility of social prestige in the subfield. With this, the dynamics of this subfield were understood, contributing to highlighting that within Brazilian schools there are disputes, interests, and demands that must be considered in the relationship with the other subfields, as well as in the development of educational projects and policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308772.v1
title: A “symbol school”: disputes and strategies of teachers from a school subfield

description: ABSTRACT The contribution of Bourdieu’s sociological theory to Education is current. The concepts of habitus, capital, and social field, in an articulated way, allow a dialectical understanding of the social agents in society. Thus, with the use of a concept derived from Bourdieu, such as school field and subfield, it is possible to understand the school institution as a builder of its own dynamics, with specific characteristics and demands, far beyond a mere passive consumer of educational projects and policies produced externally to it. In this sense, this work proposes, through systematic narrative observation and interviews with a group of Science and Biology teachers from a subfield of the school, the description and analysis of disputes, capitals, strategies, and positions of teachers in the subfield in question. A different valuation was assigned to each of the strategies according to the greater or minor possibility of social prestige in the subfield. With this, the dynamics of this subfield were understood, contributing to highlighting that within Brazilian schools there are disputes, interests, and demands that must be considered in the relationship with the other subfields, as well as in the development of educational projects and policies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308775
title: Quality of refrigerated raw milk according to the bulk transport conditions

description: ABSTRACT. Technical regulations that determine milk quality standards in Brazil establish the minimum criteria that the processing industry's raw material must present. These rules can challenge the logistics sector (transport) to maintain adequate milk conservation levels. We aimed to evaluate the influence of bulk transport and storage conditions on refrigerated raw milk quality. The experiment was carried out in a dairy industry in Santa Catarina State. Information and samples of refrigerated raw milk were collected from dairy farms, from isothermal compartments of milk trucks, and from the industry's storage silo. These samples were submitted to microbiological analysis, somatic cell count (SCC), and physicochemical analysis. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and multivariate analysis (factor analysis). The transport of raw milk in bulk and the transfer of raw material to the industrial silo worsened the milk's microbiological quality (p &lt; 0.0001) for standard plate count (SPC) and psychrotrophic microorganism count (PMC), without affecting, the physicochemical characteristics of the milk (p &gt; 0.05). Poor hygienic conditions in milk storage rooms, in the refrigeration bulk tanks of the dairy farms, and during the transport, as well as the transport on longer routes, were related to higher SPC and psychrotrophic count while receiving milk by the dairy industry with higher temperatures was only associated with higher SPC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308775.v1
title: Quality of refrigerated raw milk according to the bulk transport conditions

description: ABSTRACT. Technical regulations that determine milk quality standards in Brazil establish the minimum criteria that the processing industry's raw material must present. These rules can challenge the logistics sector (transport) to maintain adequate milk conservation levels. We aimed to evaluate the influence of bulk transport and storage conditions on refrigerated raw milk quality. The experiment was carried out in a dairy industry in Santa Catarina State. Information and samples of refrigerated raw milk were collected from dairy farms, from isothermal compartments of milk trucks, and from the industry's storage silo. These samples were submitted to microbiological analysis, somatic cell count (SCC), and physicochemical analysis. The results were evaluated by ANOVA and multivariate analysis (factor analysis). The transport of raw milk in bulk and the transfer of raw material to the industrial silo worsened the milk's microbiological quality (p &lt; 0.0001) for standard plate count (SPC) and psychrotrophic microorganism count (PMC), without affecting, the physicochemical characteristics of the milk (p &gt; 0.05). Poor hygienic conditions in milk storage rooms, in the refrigeration bulk tanks of the dairy farms, and during the transport, as well as the transport on longer routes, were related to higher SPC and psychrotrophic count while receiving milk by the dairy industry with higher temperatures was only associated with higher SPC.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308777
title: Untreated or ammoniated cotton gin trash in the ensiling of elephant grass reduces silage quality

description: ABSTRACT. This study examined the inclusion of untreated or urea-ammoniated CGT on the chemical composition, pH, gas, and effluent losses, dry matter recovery (DMR), and aerobic stability of elephantgrass silage. The experiment was laid out in a randomized design with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement represented by three levels of inclusion of CGT during ensiling (0, 5, or 10%) and three levels of ammoniation of CGT with urea before ensiling (0, 4 or 8% for 28 days), using four replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test, considering a 5% significance level. The pH and DM, NDIN, ADIN, NDF and ADF contents of the silages increased (p &lt; 0.05) with the inclusion of CGT, regardless of ammoniation. The lowest (p &lt; 0.05) effluent loss was achieved using 10% of CGT ammoniated with 8% urea. In contrast, the elephantgrass silage exhibited the lowest (p &lt; 0.05) gas loss and the greatest (p &lt; 0.05) DMR. The inclusion of CGT compromised the aerobic stability of the silage. Therefore, the inclusion of CGT - either untreated or ammoniated - in the ensiling of elephantgrass is not recommended.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.22308777.v1
title: Untreated or ammoniated cotton gin trash in the ensiling of elephant grass reduces silage quality

description: ABSTRACT. This study examined the inclusion of untreated or urea-ammoniated CGT on the chemical composition, pH, gas, and effluent losses, dry matter recovery (DMR), and aerobic stability of elephantgrass silage. The experiment was laid out in a randomized design with a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement represented by three levels of inclusion of CGT during ensiling (0, 5, or 10%) and three levels of ammoniation of CGT with urea before ensiling (0, 4 or 8% for 28 days), using four replications. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's test, considering a 5% significance level. The pH and DM, NDIN, ADIN, NDF and ADF contents of the silages increased (p &lt; 0.05) with the inclusion of CGT, regardless of ammoniation. The lowest (p &lt; 0.05) effluent loss was achieved using 10% of CGT ammoniated with 8% urea. In contrast, the elephantgrass silage exhibited the lowest (p &lt; 0.05) gas loss and the greatest (p &lt; 0.05) DMR. The inclusion of CGT compromised the aerobic stability of the silage. Therefore, the inclusion of CGT - either untreated or ammoniated - in the ensiling of elephantgrass is not recommended.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21971395
title: Recovery of Bradyrhizobium cells and effects on the physiological quality of soybean seeds sown in dry soil

description: Abstract: Farmers sometimes sow soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in dry soil in the expectation of rain in the short time. However, the forecast may not confirm, letting the inoculated seeds in the dry soil indefinitely. We assessed the survival of inoculated Bradyrhizobium and physiological quality of soybean seeds sown in dry soil. In the first experiment, irrigation was applied with 2 h, 1, 4, 11, 18, or 21 days after sowing; in the second experiment, sowing was carried out 2 h, 1, 5, 12, 14, or 20 days before irrigation. Each time represented a treatment in a completely randomized design. Bradyrhizobium cells dropped from ~8-9 × 104 colony forming units per seed soon after inoculation to -60% at 2 h after sowing in dry soil, and decreased to close to zero with time in both experiments. Although there was no effect on germination (59% and 81% in the first and second experiments, respectively), the exposure to dry soil reduced the emergence speed index from 19.5 (2 h) to 12.0 (21 days) in the first experiment and from 37.8 (2 h) to 13.8 (21 days) in the second. In the first experiment, the number of abnormal seedlings increased from 7% (2 h) to 24% (21 days); in the second, cotyledons showed cracks, which increased from 1% (2 h) to ~50% (≥ 5 days). Sowing in dry soil negatively affects not only the inoculated Bradyrhizobium, but also the physiological quality of soybean seeds.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.21971395.v1
title: Recovery of Bradyrhizobium cells and effects on the physiological quality of soybean seeds sown in dry soil

description: Abstract: Farmers sometimes sow soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) in dry soil in the expectation of rain in the short time. However, the forecast may not confirm, letting the inoculated seeds in the dry soil indefinitely. We assessed the survival of inoculated Bradyrhizobium and physiological quality of soybean seeds sown in dry soil. In the first experiment, irrigation was applied with 2 h, 1, 4, 11, 18, or 21 days after sowing; in the second experiment, sowing was carried out 2 h, 1, 5, 12, 14, or 20 days before irrigation. Each time represented a treatment in a completely randomized design. Bradyrhizobium cells dropped from ~8-9 × 104 colony forming units per seed soon after inoculation to -60% at 2 h after sowing in dry soil, and decreased to close to zero with time in both experiments. Although there was no effect on germination (59% and 81% in the first and second experiments, respectively), the exposure to dry soil reduced the emergence speed index from 19.5 (2 h) to 12.0 (21 days) in the first experiment and from 37.8 (2 h) to 13.8 (21 days) in the second. In the first experiment, the number of abnormal seedlings increased from 7% (2 h) to 24% (21 days); in the second, cotyledons showed cracks, which increased from 1% (2 h) to ~50% (≥ 5 days). Sowing in dry soil negatively affects not only the inoculated Bradyrhizobium, but also the physiological quality of soybean seeds.