DOI: 10.4231/r76h4fn3
title: Foucault: Lecture 2, 29 October 1985

description: &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Deleuze Seminars&lt;/em&gt; is a collection of audio recordings, transcriptions, and English translations of, and supplemental materials from, the lectures French philosopher Gilles Deleuze gave during his career at the University of Paris 8.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&quot;Foucault&quot; was a 25-lecture seminar given from October 1985 to May 1986. In these lectures, Deleuze offers his interpretation and analysis of French philosopher Michel Foucault&#39;s work. Examining the theoretical foundations and major themes of Foucault&#39;s philosophy, Deleuze dedicates several lectures to each of what he calls the &quot;three axes&quot; of Foucault&#39;s thought. This seminar coincides with the publication of Deleuze&#39;s book &lt;em&gt;Foucault&lt;/em&gt; (1986).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;In the 29 October 1985 lecture, topics of discussion include: an historical period as being defined by what it sees and what it says; archeology as a discipline that analyzes archives; an archive as an audiovisual collection (&lt;em&gt;recueil&lt;/em&gt;) of a period; historical formations and unreason; the statement of madness, virtue, the prison, the &quot;to see&quot; (&lt;em&gt;le voir&lt;/em&gt;) and crime, and the statement of delinquency; the historical a &lt;em&gt;priori&lt;/em&gt; and strata as composed of stable forms of the visible and the statable; American writer Herman Melville and his novel &lt;em&gt;Pierre; or, The Ambiguities&lt;/em&gt;; how phenomenology is replaced by epistemology and knowledge (&lt;em&gt;le savoir&lt;/em&gt;); knowledge (&lt;em&gt;le savoir&lt;/em&gt;) as thresholds of statements, not necessarily scientific and not necessarily limited to knowledge (&lt;em&gt;connaissance&lt;/em&gt;); knowledge as a discursive and non-discursive practice; truth as the relationship between discursive and non-discursive practices; the rules for different types of statements; French physician Philippe Pinel, his work to &quot;free the mad (&lt;em&gt;les fous&lt;/em&gt;),&quot; and the look and perpetual judgment; the innocent madness of the mad person (&lt;em&gt;le fou&lt;/em&gt;) and the responsibility for the disturbance (&lt;em&gt;trouble&lt;/em&gt;) of the moral and social order; the necessity of the mad person&#39;s fear; the suddenness of punishment; delinquency as the object of a statement; the softening of sentences, exile, torture, and forced labor; disciplinary statements, and the management and control of life replacing sovereign power and mortification; the death penalty; the Holocaust; the management of life and of survival; sovereignty and populations; medicine without doctors or patients (&lt;em&gt;maladies&lt;/em&gt;), by images and without signs; and the archive as the corpus of statements neither hidden nor given.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;This dataset includes: four mp3 recordings of the lecture (total time, 1:56:05), an aggregate version of the audio recordings into a single mp3, and the complete French transcription of the recorded lecture in both (23 pp) and plain text.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Note: The aggregate audio file has been downsampled.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;-&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Les S&eacute;minaires de Deleuze&lt;/em&gt; sont une collection d&#39;enregistrements audio, de transcriptions et de traductions en anglais et de documents compl&eacute;mentaires des conf&eacute;rences que le philosophe fran&ccedil;ais Gilles Deleuze a donn&eacute; lors de sa carri&egrave;re &agrave; l&#39;Universit&eacute; de Paris 8.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&laquo;Foucault&raquo; &eacute;tait un s&eacute;minaire de 25 conf&eacute;rences donn&eacute; d&#39;octobre 1985 &agrave; mai 1986. Dans ces conf&eacute;rences, Deleuze offre son interpr&eacute;tation et son analyse de l&rsquo;&oelig;uvre du philosophe fran&ccedil;ais Michel Foucault. En examinant les fondements th&eacute;oriques et les th&egrave;mes majeurs de la philosophie de Foucault, Deleuze consacre plusieurs conf&eacute;rences &agrave; chacun de ce qu&#39;il appelle les &laquo;trois axes&raquo; de la pens&eacute;e de Foucault. Ce s&eacute;minaire co&iuml;ncide avec la publication du livre de Deleuze &lt;em&gt;Foucault&lt;/em&gt; (1986).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Dans la conf&eacute;rence du 29 octobre 1985, les sujets de discussion comprennent: une &eacute;poque se d&eacute;finit par ce qu&#39;elle voit et ce qu&#39;elle dit; l&#39;arch&eacute;ologie comme une discipline qui analyse les archives; une archive comme le recueil audiovisuel d&#39;une &eacute;poque; les formations historiques et la d&eacute;raison; l&rsquo;&eacute;nonc&eacute; de la folie, la vertu, la prison, le voir et le crime, et l&rsquo;&eacute;nonc&eacute; de d&eacute;linquance; les &lt;em&gt;a priori&lt;/em&gt; historiques et les strates comme compos&eacute;s de formes stables du visible et d&rsquo;&eacute;non&ccedil;ables; l&#39;&eacute;crivain am&eacute;ricain Herman Melville et son roman &lt;em&gt;Pierre ou les Ambigu&iuml;t&eacute;s&lt;/em&gt;; comment la ph&eacute;nom&eacute;nologie est remplac&eacute;e par l&#39;&eacute;pist&eacute;mologie et le savoir; le savoir est les seuils d&rsquo;&eacute;nonc&eacute;s, pas forc&eacute;ment scientifique et pas n&eacute;cessairement r&eacute;duit &agrave; la connaissance; le savoir comme une pratique discursive et non discursive; le vrai comme le rapport entre des pratiques discursives et non discursives; les r&egrave;gles des diff&eacute;rents types d&rsquo;&eacute;nonc&eacute;s; le m&eacute;decin fran&ccedil;ais Philippe Pinel, son travail pour &laquo;lib&eacute;rez les fous&raquo;, et le regard et le jugement perp&eacute;tuel; la folie innocente du fou et la responsabilit&eacute; du trouble de l&#39;ordre moral et social; la n&eacute;cessit&eacute; de la peur du fou; la soudainet&eacute; de la punition; la d&eacute;linquance comme un objet d&rsquo;&eacute;nonc&eacute;; l&#39;adoucissement des peines, l&#39;exil, le supplice et le travail forc&eacute;; les &eacute;nonc&eacute;s disciplinaires et la gestion et le contr&ocirc;le de la vie rempla&ccedil;ant le pouvoir souverain et la mortification; la peine de mort; l&#39;Holocauste; la gestion de la vie et de la survie; souverainet&eacute; et populations; m&eacute;decine sans m&eacute;decins ni maladies, par images et sans signes; et l&#39;archive comme le corpus d&rsquo;&eacute;nonc&eacute;s ni cach&eacute;s ni donn&eacute;s.&lt;/p&gt;
description: Lecture given by French philosopher Gilles Deleuze at the University of Paris 8, 29 October 1985. This is lecture 2 of a 25-lecture seminar Deleuze taught between October 1985 and May 1986.