cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275320.v1
title: Somatic embryogenesis from leaf tissues of macaw palm [Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart.]

description: Abstract A somatic embryogenesis protocol was developed from the immature leaves of adult plants of the macaw palm. Leaf explants from different regions of the palm heart were used for callus initiation in a modified Y3 medium, supplemented with 2,4-D or Picloram at 450 μM. Calli were separated from the leaf explants at 6-, 9- and 12-month periods and transferred to a fresh culture medium of the same composition. They were multiplied for up to 120 days. Reduced concentrations of 2,4-D and Picloram were used to differentiate somatic embryos. They were then germinated in a medium without plant growth regulators. Morphological and anatomical analyses were conducted at different stages of the embryogenic process. The best results for callus induction were achieved by Picloram, when explants were maintained for up to 9 months on culture medium (64.9%). The farthest portions of the apical meristem were those that provided the biggest calli formation. The formation of the somatic embryos was observed from the calli multiplication phase. Reduction in concentrations of growth regulators failed to promote the formation of complete plants. Picloram at 450 μM promotes high callogenesis in leaf tissues of macaw palm, with a potential for somatic embryo formation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275323
title: Supplemental phytase derived from E. coli in different concentrations on performance, bone mineralization and cost of broilers diets

description: Abstract The trial was conducted to evaluate the supplementation of E. coli phytase on performance, weight and ash of bones, as well as to determine the bioavailability of P and cost/benefit of its use in diets. A total 1,890 Cobb male day old chicks were assigned to six treatments and seven replicates with 45 birds each, distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments were: Positive Control; Negative Control (NC1) - reduction of 0.06% avP; Negative Control 2 (NC2) - reduction of 0.12% avP; NC2 + Phytase (120 OTU); NC2 + Phytase (180 OTU); NC2 + Phytase (240 OTU), being 1 OTU equivalent to approximately 2 FTU. With different phytase inclusions, it was possible to verify a gradual increase on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, viability and even the bone characteristics of broilers fed diets containing reduction of P. The closest levels to the highest studied (240 OTU) showed the best results. The replacement of dicalcium phosphate by phytase supplementation is economically viable when the cost per OTU does not exceed US$ 1.4 × 10-5, US$1.2 × 10-5 and US$ 1.0 × 10-5 for the concentrations of 120, 180 and 240 OTU, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275326.v1
title: Incidence of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork meat in reason of extrinsic stress factors

description: Abstract The incidence of PSE (pale, soft and exudative) pork meat is directly influenced by pre-slaughter handling of animals, compromising meat quality and resulting in economic losses for industry. Considering management, the main extrinsic stress factors are: the pre-slaughter rest time in lairage, the total fasting time and at farm and the transport time. To evaluate the effects of these factors on PSE meat incidence, pH of 1038 carcasses was measured at 45 minutes post mortem (pH45) in a pig slaughterhouse in Paraná, Brazil. Carcasses with pH45≤5.8 were classified as PSE, and those with pH45&gt;5.8 as normal. In order to verify if the factors influence PSE meat appearance, it was divided into categories according to it duration, and according to the number of animals evaluated in each category, the PSE meat frequency was estimated, and which time intervals obtained the lower incidence of the change. The total incidence of PSE carcasses was 19.17%. The periods of rest in lairage, total fasting, fasting at farm and transport that minimized the occurrence of PSE meat were from 04h01 to seven hours, from 14h01 to 17h00, from 03h01 to five hours, and from 02h01 to three hours, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275323.v1
title: Supplemental phytase derived from E. coli in different concentrations on performance, bone mineralization and cost of broilers diets

description: Abstract The trial was conducted to evaluate the supplementation of E. coli phytase on performance, weight and ash of bones, as well as to determine the bioavailability of P and cost/benefit of its use in diets. A total 1,890 Cobb male day old chicks were assigned to six treatments and seven replicates with 45 birds each, distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments were: Positive Control; Negative Control (NC1) - reduction of 0.06% avP; Negative Control 2 (NC2) - reduction of 0.12% avP; NC2 + Phytase (120 OTU); NC2 + Phytase (180 OTU); NC2 + Phytase (240 OTU), being 1 OTU equivalent to approximately 2 FTU. With different phytase inclusions, it was possible to verify a gradual increase on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, viability and even the bone characteristics of broilers fed diets containing reduction of P. The closest levels to the highest studied (240 OTU) showed the best results. The replacement of dicalcium phosphate by phytase supplementation is economically viable when the cost per OTU does not exceed US$ 1.4 × 10-5, US$1.2 × 10-5 and US$ 1.0 × 10-5 for the concentrations of 120, 180 and 240 OTU, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275328
title: 3D food printing: paving way towards novel foods

description: Abstract 3D food printing, a part of additive manufacturing technique is used to modify the process of the food manufacturing in terms of color, shape, flavor, texture and nutrition. It liberates the user to identify and modify their meal according to one’s desire, matching to the very minute details. Currently, it is used in decorating and fabricating, food products such as chocolate, cookies and cakes. The process of printing foods depends on several factors such as the physical state of food (whether powder, liquid or semi-solid), size and shape of the syringes to be used and the composition of the ingredients such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Apart from the use of 3D food printing for fabrication, it can also play an important role in solving malnutrition by enhancing the nutritional profile of the meal. The objective of this review is to highlight the different methods used in 3D food printing, 3D food printers, benefits of 3D food printing and challenges faced while food printing. Moreover, the paper discusses the applications of 3D food printing and its scope in the near future.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275326
title: Incidence of pale, soft and exudative (PSE) pork meat in reason of extrinsic stress factors

description: Abstract The incidence of PSE (pale, soft and exudative) pork meat is directly influenced by pre-slaughter handling of animals, compromising meat quality and resulting in economic losses for industry. Considering management, the main extrinsic stress factors are: the pre-slaughter rest time in lairage, the total fasting time and at farm and the transport time. To evaluate the effects of these factors on PSE meat incidence, pH of 1038 carcasses was measured at 45 minutes post mortem (pH45) in a pig slaughterhouse in Paraná, Brazil. Carcasses with pH45≤5.8 were classified as PSE, and those with pH45&gt;5.8 as normal. In order to verify if the factors influence PSE meat appearance, it was divided into categories according to it duration, and according to the number of animals evaluated in each category, the PSE meat frequency was estimated, and which time intervals obtained the lower incidence of the change. The total incidence of PSE carcasses was 19.17%. The periods of rest in lairage, total fasting, fasting at farm and transport that minimized the occurrence of PSE meat were from 04h01 to seven hours, from 14h01 to 17h00, from 03h01 to five hours, and from 02h01 to three hours, respectively.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275331
title: Callus culture as a new approach for the production of high added value compounds in Ilex paraguariensis: genotype influence, medium optimization and compounds identification

description: Abstract Ilex paraguariensis (yerba mate) is a native species from South America and is a rich source of bioactive compounds. There is a lack of research efforts on the phytochemical investigation of callus culture from this species. In the present study, an effort was made to optimize callus culture conditions and to identify secondary compounds. Calli were induced from 10 genotypes using leaf explants and the best genotype was selected to evaluate the effects of cytokinin types and concentrations on callus induction and biomass accumulation. The best genotype and cytokinin treatment were used to conduct one last experiment with sucrose concentrations in culture media and its effects on calli biomass, antioxidant activity and secondary compounds accumulation. Callus initiation was genotype dependent, and the 6-156-6 line had the best response. Zeatin supplemented medium showed higher callus induction rate (82%) and higher biomass accumulation after 120 days (328.2 mg). Higher biomass and secondary compounds accumulation were observed for calli on 3% sucrose medium. Antioxidant activity was not affected by sucrose concentrations. Yerba mate callus culture allowed the accumulation of chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, theobromine and caffeine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275334
title: Production of nutrients in dual-purpose wheat pastures managed with different doses of nitrogen as topdressing – exponential model

description: Abstract The aims of this study were to evaluate the yield and composition of dual-purpose wheat pasture BRS Tarumã managed with various urea nitrogen (N) doses and validate an exponential model and compare nutrient production costs. The completely randomized design had four replications per treatment (0, 150, 250, 350, and 450 kg N ha-1). For the 350 and 450 kg ha-1 treatments, the cycle was 212 d whereas that of the control was 167 d. The control accumulated 1,771 kg ha-1 dry matter. In contrast, the 450 kg ha-1 treatment accumulated 7,011 kg ha-1 DM. Topdressing nitrogen (150, 250, 350, and 450 kg ha-1) increased the traditional average daily accumulation rate by 586% relative to the control. However, the degree-days method determined a daily accumulation rate 652% higher than the control. The levels of dry matter and other nutrients in BRS Tarumã wheat pasture were influenced by the doses of nitrogen in the topdressing under the same environmental conditions (temperature and rainfall). An exponential model explained the dynamics of nutrient accumulation and was based on the thermal sum of each nitrogen dose impacting the cost per kilogram of pasture produced.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275340
title: Microencapsulated carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde replace growth-promoting antibiotics: Effect on performance and meat quality in broiler chickens

description: Abstract The aim was to evaluate the use of mixture of microencapsulated carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde as a replacement for growth-promoting antibiotics in broiler diets on performance, intestinal quality, organ development, carcass yields and cuts, and meat quality. In the trial were used 600 male chicks, allocated in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and eight replicates of 15 birds, reared up to 41 days of age. The treatments were: Negative Control (NC), Positive Control (PC) 30 mg/kg of virginiamycin, NC+100 mg/kg of essential oils, NC+200 mg/kg of essential oils and NC+400 mg/kg of essential oils. Essential oils were composed by a micro-encapsulated blend, with of 60% cinnamaldehyde, 30% carvacrol and 10% carrier. Birds received essential oils achieved performance equivalent to those birds received PC diets, having better development than NC broilers. No differences were found on relative organ weight, intestinal mucosa and meat quality parameters, however, higher villus:cript ratio was found in PC, NC+200 and NC+400 groups. Meat crude protein and yellowness were influenced by inclusion of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde. It was concluded microencapsulated carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde can replace growth-promoting antibiotic in broiler diets, ensuring performance, intestinal integrity and broiler meat quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275341
title: Functional niche differences between native and invasive tree species from the southern Brazilian mixed forest

description: Abstract Biological invasion is a major threat to global biodiversity and ecosystem services. We examined the functional traits similarity between a set of native and non-native invasive tree species from the Southern Brazilian subtropical mixed forest, part of an important global hotspot for biodiversity conservation. We hypothesized that invasive species occupy marginal niche spaces. We ordered the species using the Principal Component Analysis based on their wood density, leaf area, and specific leaf area. These are all important traits that summarize essential ecological strategies associated with resource acquisition and conservation. Functional overlaps between non-native and native species were analyzed through kernel density estimation of continuous traits data. While native and non-native invasive species were distributed along the same functional gradients, the position of non-native species in the functional space is species and traits specific. We concluded that within Brazilian subtropical mixed forests, the functional dissimilarity as a key factor in invasion success could not be generalized for all species and traits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275328.v1
title: 3D food printing: paving way towards novel foods

description: Abstract 3D food printing, a part of additive manufacturing technique is used to modify the process of the food manufacturing in terms of color, shape, flavor, texture and nutrition. It liberates the user to identify and modify their meal according to one’s desire, matching to the very minute details. Currently, it is used in decorating and fabricating, food products such as chocolate, cookies and cakes. The process of printing foods depends on several factors such as the physical state of food (whether powder, liquid or semi-solid), size and shape of the syringes to be used and the composition of the ingredients such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Apart from the use of 3D food printing for fabrication, it can also play an important role in solving malnutrition by enhancing the nutritional profile of the meal. The objective of this review is to highlight the different methods used in 3D food printing, 3D food printers, benefits of 3D food printing and challenges faced while food printing. Moreover, the paper discusses the applications of 3D food printing and its scope in the near future.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275331.v1
title: Callus culture as a new approach for the production of high added value compounds in Ilex paraguariensis: genotype influence, medium optimization and compounds identification

description: Abstract Ilex paraguariensis (yerba mate) is a native species from South America and is a rich source of bioactive compounds. There is a lack of research efforts on the phytochemical investigation of callus culture from this species. In the present study, an effort was made to optimize callus culture conditions and to identify secondary compounds. Calli were induced from 10 genotypes using leaf explants and the best genotype was selected to evaluate the effects of cytokinin types and concentrations on callus induction and biomass accumulation. The best genotype and cytokinin treatment were used to conduct one last experiment with sucrose concentrations in culture media and its effects on calli biomass, antioxidant activity and secondary compounds accumulation. Callus initiation was genotype dependent, and the 6-156-6 line had the best response. Zeatin supplemented medium showed higher callus induction rate (82%) and higher biomass accumulation after 120 days (328.2 mg). Higher biomass and secondary compounds accumulation were observed for calli on 3% sucrose medium. Antioxidant activity was not affected by sucrose concentrations. Yerba mate callus culture allowed the accumulation of chlorogenic acid, cryptochlorogenic acid, neochlorogenic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, theobromine and caffeine.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275334.v1
title: Production of nutrients in dual-purpose wheat pastures managed with different doses of nitrogen as topdressing – exponential model

description: Abstract The aims of this study were to evaluate the yield and composition of dual-purpose wheat pasture BRS Tarumã managed with various urea nitrogen (N) doses and validate an exponential model and compare nutrient production costs. The completely randomized design had four replications per treatment (0, 150, 250, 350, and 450 kg N ha-1). For the 350 and 450 kg ha-1 treatments, the cycle was 212 d whereas that of the control was 167 d. The control accumulated 1,771 kg ha-1 dry matter. In contrast, the 450 kg ha-1 treatment accumulated 7,011 kg ha-1 DM. Topdressing nitrogen (150, 250, 350, and 450 kg ha-1) increased the traditional average daily accumulation rate by 586% relative to the control. However, the degree-days method determined a daily accumulation rate 652% higher than the control. The levels of dry matter and other nutrients in BRS Tarumã wheat pasture were influenced by the doses of nitrogen in the topdressing under the same environmental conditions (temperature and rainfall). An exponential model explained the dynamics of nutrient accumulation and was based on the thermal sum of each nitrogen dose impacting the cost per kilogram of pasture produced.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275341.v1
title: Functional niche differences between native and invasive tree species from the southern Brazilian mixed forest

description: Abstract Biological invasion is a major threat to global biodiversity and ecosystem services. We examined the functional traits similarity between a set of native and non-native invasive tree species from the Southern Brazilian subtropical mixed forest, part of an important global hotspot for biodiversity conservation. We hypothesized that invasive species occupy marginal niche spaces. We ordered the species using the Principal Component Analysis based on their wood density, leaf area, and specific leaf area. These are all important traits that summarize essential ecological strategies associated with resource acquisition and conservation. Functional overlaps between non-native and native species were analyzed through kernel density estimation of continuous traits data. While native and non-native invasive species were distributed along the same functional gradients, the position of non-native species in the functional space is species and traits specific. We concluded that within Brazilian subtropical mixed forests, the functional dissimilarity as a key factor in invasion success could not be generalized for all species and traits.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275337
title: Optimization of a process for microgreen and fruit-based functional beverage

description: Abstract Microgreen based functional juice blends containing fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulate) and aloe vera (Aloe brobadensis) in different ratios were blended with sorbitol and stevia. The different ratios of juice blends were analyzed for total soluble solids, sedimentation, viscosity and titrable acidity. They were also screened for total phenolic content, total carotenoid content and antioxidant properties such as DPPH, reducing power and metal chelating activity. The formulation with highest TPC, TCC and antioxidant property was selected to optimize a microgreen based functional juice. The optimized microgreen blend formulation had 20 ml 100-1 ml microgreen juice, 40 ml 100-1 ml kinnow juice, 8.5 ml 100-1 ml sorbitol, 1.78 g 100-1 ml stevia and 29.72 ml 100-1 ml aloe vera juice. It had high protein, minerals (sodium and potassium) and vitamin (vitamin C) content as well as good source beta-carotene, phenols and antioxidants. Antioxidant helps in reducing diabetic complications by reducing the oxidative stress and because of their protective action against reactive oxygen species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275337.v1
title: Optimization of a process for microgreen and fruit-based functional beverage

description: Abstract Microgreen based functional juice blends containing fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulate) and aloe vera (Aloe brobadensis) in different ratios were blended with sorbitol and stevia. The different ratios of juice blends were analyzed for total soluble solids, sedimentation, viscosity and titrable acidity. They were also screened for total phenolic content, total carotenoid content and antioxidant properties such as DPPH, reducing power and metal chelating activity. The formulation with highest TPC, TCC and antioxidant property was selected to optimize a microgreen based functional juice. The optimized microgreen blend formulation had 20 ml 100-1 ml microgreen juice, 40 ml 100-1 ml kinnow juice, 8.5 ml 100-1 ml sorbitol, 1.78 g 100-1 ml stevia and 29.72 ml 100-1 ml aloe vera juice. It had high protein, minerals (sodium and potassium) and vitamin (vitamin C) content as well as good source beta-carotene, phenols and antioxidants. Antioxidant helps in reducing diabetic complications by reducing the oxidative stress and because of their protective action against reactive oxygen species.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14275340.v1
title: Microencapsulated carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde replace growth-promoting antibiotics: Effect on performance and meat quality in broiler chickens

description: Abstract The aim was to evaluate the use of mixture of microencapsulated carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde as a replacement for growth-promoting antibiotics in broiler diets on performance, intestinal quality, organ development, carcass yields and cuts, and meat quality. In the trial were used 600 male chicks, allocated in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and eight replicates of 15 birds, reared up to 41 days of age. The treatments were: Negative Control (NC), Positive Control (PC) 30 mg/kg of virginiamycin, NC+100 mg/kg of essential oils, NC+200 mg/kg of essential oils and NC+400 mg/kg of essential oils. Essential oils were composed by a micro-encapsulated blend, with of 60% cinnamaldehyde, 30% carvacrol and 10% carrier. Birds received essential oils achieved performance equivalent to those birds received PC diets, having better development than NC broilers. No differences were found on relative organ weight, intestinal mucosa and meat quality parameters, however, higher villus:cript ratio was found in PC, NC+200 and NC+400 groups. Meat crude protein and yellowness were influenced by inclusion of carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde. It was concluded microencapsulated carvacrol and cinnamaldehyde can replace growth-promoting antibiotic in broiler diets, ensuring performance, intestinal integrity and broiler meat quality.