cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.60520/ieda/114319
title: Geochemical and Geochronological Data for Tama Seamount and Rarotonga Island, Cook Islands

description: This dataset presents new geochemical and geochronological data for volcanic rocks from the Cook Islands region, southwest Pacific Ocean, generated to evaluate the origin and activity of the proposed Rarotonga hotspot. Samples include submarine lavas dredged from the previously unsampled Tama Seamount (~80 km east–southeast of Rarotonga Island), lavas from the submarine flanks of Rarotonga Island, and a suite of xenoliths recovered from Tama Seamount. The xenolith assemblage includes OIB-type igneous rocks (nepheline syenite and hornblendite), MORB-type gabbro and basalt, and a peridotite, sampling multiple levels of the oceanic lithosphere.
The dataset comprises whole-rock major element concentrations (ICP-OES), trace element concentrations (ICP-MS), and high-precision radiogenic isotope ratios (Sr–Nd–Pb) measured by TIMS and MC-ICP-MS. New geochronological constraints are provided by 40Ar/39Ar incremental-heating ages of lava groundmass and biotite, and by zircon U–Pb ages obtained by LA–ICP–MS from a nepheline syenite xenolith. The age data document volcanism at Tama Seamount between ~0.82 and 0.66 Ma, younger than volcanism on Rarotonga Island.
These data enable direct comparison between Tama Seamount, Rarotonga Island, and other Cook–Austral volcanic centers, and provide new constraints on mantle source characteristics, lithospheric structure, and age–distance relationships along Pacific plate flowlines.
description: Du, Yifan, et al. "Discovery of young submarine volcanism in the Cook Islands: New constraints on the location of the Rarotonga hotspot." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (2025).
DOI: 10.25934/00000070
title: Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC) Prehospital Resuscitation Using an Impedance Valve and Early Versus Delayed Analysis

description: The purpose of this study is to look at two different treatments during a cardiac arrest that occurs outside of the hospital and whether either or both treatments will increase the number of people who live to hospital discharge. A cardiac arrest is when the heart stops pumping blood to the body.
DOI: 10.25934/00000074
title: Asthma Clinical Research Network (ACRN) Trial - Best Adjustment Strategy for Asthma in Long Term (BASALT)

description: Asthma can be effectively controlled using inhaled corticosteroid medication. Treatment with inhaled corticosteroids often requires periodic adjustments to medication dosing and frequency levels. This study examines whether it is more beneficial to adjust corticosteroid treatment based on asthma symptoms and/or biomarkers of lung function versus standard medical guidelines.
DOI: 10.25934/00000082
title: Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibition to Improve Clinical Status and Exercise Capacity in Diastolic Heart Failure (RELAX)

description: Diastolic heart failure (DHF), which affects older individuals and women at a disproportionate rate, is a condition that can lead to shortness of breath and fluid build-up in the lungs. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of the medication sildenafil at improving exercise ability and health outcomes in people with DHF.
DOI: 10.24435/materialscloud:s4-r7
title: Quasiparticle effects and strong excitonic features in exfoliable 1D semiconducting materials

description: We report a first-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of recently identified one-dimensional semiconducting materials exfoliable from van der Waals-bonded bulk crystals. Specifically, we investigate four chalcogenide-based atomic chains, the covalently bonded S3 and Te3 chains, and polar-bonded As2S3 and Bi2Te3 chains, using a fully first-principles approach that combines density functional theory (DFT), density functional perturbation theory (DFPT), and many-body perturbation theory within the GW approximation and Bethe−Salpeter equation (BSE). Our vibrational analysis shows that the isolated, freestanding wires remain dynamically stable, with the zone-center optical phonon modes leading to infrared activity. The main finding of this study is the presence of very strong exciton binding energies (1−3 eV), which make these exfoliable 1D materials suitable platforms for room-temperature excitonic applications. Interestingly, the exciton character remains Wannier−Mott-like, as indicated by average electron−hole separations greater than the lattice constant. Notably, the optical gaps of these materials span a wide range - from infrared (0.8 eV, Bi2Te3), through the visible spectrum (yellow: 2.17 eV, Te3; blue: 2.71 eV, As2S3), up to ultraviolet (4.07 eV, S3) - highlighting their versatility for broadband optoelectronic applications. Our results offer a detailed, many-body perspective on the optoelectronic behavior of these low-dimensional materials and underscore their potential for applications in nanoscale optoelectronic devices.
DOI: 10.24435/materialscloud:xq-dy
title: Quasiparticle effects and strong excitonic features in exfoliable 1D semiconducting materials

description: We report a first-principles study of the electronic and optical properties of recently identified one-dimensional semiconducting materials exfoliable from van der Waals-bonded bulk crystals. Specifically, we investigate four chalcogenide-based atomic chains, the covalently bonded S3 and Te3 chains, and polar-bonded As2S3 and Bi2Te3 chains, using a fully first-principles approach that combines density functional theory (DFT), density functional perturbation theory (DFPT), and many-body perturbation theory within the GW approximation and Bethe−Salpeter equation (BSE). Our vibrational analysis shows that the isolated, freestanding wires remain dynamically stable, with the zone-center optical phonon modes leading to infrared activity. The main finding of this study is the presence of very strong exciton binding energies (1−3 eV), which make these exfoliable 1D materials suitable platforms for room-temperature excitonic applications. Interestingly, the exciton character remains Wannier−Mott-like, as indicated by average electron−hole separations greater than the lattice constant. Notably, the optical gaps of these materials span a wide range - from infrared (0.8 eV, Bi2Te3), through the visible spectrum (yellow: 2.17 eV, Te3; blue: 2.71 eV, As2S3), up to ultraviolet (4.07 eV, S3) - highlighting their versatility for broadband optoelectronic applications. Our results offer a detailed, many-body perspective on the optoelectronic behavior of these low-dimensional materials and underscore their potential for applications in nanoscale optoelectronic devices.
DOI: 10.25934/00000091
title: AntiCoagulant Effectiveness in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (ACE-IPF)

description: This study will test the effectiveness of warfarin in patients with IPF. Approximately 256 patients will be randomized 1:1 to either warfarin or placebo. Patients will return at week 1 for a safety review and every 16 weeks for 48 weeks. The primary endpoint in the study is the time to either death, non-bleeding/non-elective hospitalization, or a drop of greater than 10% in forced vital capacity (FVC) from baseline.
DOI: 10.25934/00000002
title: Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation (BARI)

description: To assess the relative long-term safety and efficacy of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery in patients with multivessel disease and severe angina or ischemia who required revascularization and had coronary anatomy suitable for either procedure.
DOI: 10.25934/00000015
title: Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST)

description: To determine whether drug treatment of asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmias in post-myocardial infarction patients reduced the incidence of sudden cardiac death and total mortality.
DOI: 10.25934/00000047
title: Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation in Type 2 Diabetes

description: The BARI 2D trial is a multicenter study that uses a 2x2 factorial design, with 2400 patients being assigned at random to initial elective revascularization with aggressive medical therapy or aggressive medical therapy alone with equal probability, and simultaneously being assigned at random to an insulin providing or insulin sensitizing strategy of glycemic control (with a target value for HbA1c of less than 7.0% for all patients). SPECIFIC AIMS A. Primary Aim The primary aim of the BARI 2D trial is to test the following two hypotheses of treatment efficacy in 2400 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and documented stable CAD, in the setting of uniform glycemic control and intensive management of all other risk factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking, and obesity:   1. Coronary Revascularization Hypothesis: a strategy of initial elective revascularization of choice (surgical or catheter-based) combined with aggressive medical therapy results in lower 5-year mortality compared to a strategy of aggressive medical therapy alone;   2. Method of Glycemic Control Hypothesis: with a target HbA1c level of less than 7.0%, a strategy of hyperglycemia management directed at insulin sensitization results in lower 5-year mortality compared to a strategy of insulin provision. B. Secondary Aims The secondary aims of the BARI 2D trial include: a) comparing the death, myocardial infarction or stroke combined endpoint event rate between the revascularization versus medical therapy groups and between the insulin sensitization versus insulin provision groups; b) comparing rates of myocardial infarction, other ischemic events, angina and quality of life associated with each revascularization and hyperglycemia management strategy; c) evaluating the relative economic costs associated with the trial treatment strategies, d) exploring the effect of glycemic control strategy on the progression and mechanism of vasculopathy including changes in PAI-1 gene expression.
DOI: 10.25934/00000061
title: Claudication: Exercise Versus Endoluminal Revascularization (CLEVER)

description: The purpose of this study is to compare the effectiveness of aortic stent surgery versus exercise therapy in individuals with aortoiliac insufficiency.
DOI: 10.25934/00000080
title: Prednisone, Azathioprine, and N-acetylcysteine: A Study That Evaluates Response in IPF

description: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a long-term lung disease that affects an individual's ability to breathe. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we assigned patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who had mild-to-moderate lung-function impairment to one of three groups — receiving a combination of prednisone, azathioprine, and NAC (combination therapy), NAC alone, or placebo — in a 1:1:1 ratio.
DOI: 10.25934/00000032
title: Multicenter Study of Hydroxyurea in Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia (MSH)

description: To assess the efficacy and safety of orally administered hydroxyurea in the treatment of painful crises in patients with sickle cell anemia.
DOI: 10.25934/00000016
title: Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP)

description: To determine if nonpharmacological interventions, including diet and lifestyle change, could prevent increases in arterial blood pressure leading to systemic hypertension.
DOI: 10.25934/00000022
title: Women's Angiographic Vitamin and Estrogen Trial (WAVE)

description: To assess whether hormonal replacement therapy and/or antioxidant treatment would stabilize or inhibit progression, and induce regression of coronary plaques. The mechanisms by which these treatments modified atherosclerosis in women were also explored.
DOI: 10.25934/00000055
title: A Trial of Tandem Autologous Stem Cell Transplants +/- Post Second Autologous Transplant Maintenance Therapy vs Single Autologous Stem Cell Transplant Followed by Matched Sibling Non-myeloablative Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant for Patients With Multiple Myeloma (BMT CTN #0102)

description: The study is designed as a Phase III, multi-center trial of tandem autologous transplants versus the strategy of autologous followed by Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-matched sibling non-myeloablative allogeneic transplant. Study subjects will be biologically assigned to the appropriate arm depending on the availability of an HLA-matched sibling. There is a nested randomized phase III trial of observation versus maintenance therapy following the second autologous transplant for patients on the tandem autologous transplant arm.
DOI: 10.26023/9sgp-mxgp-ma06
title: CAESAR: Gridded Remote Sensing Data and Value Added Products. Version 1.0

description: Gridded data and value added products from the suite of remote sensing instrumentation that was on-board the NSF NCAR C-130 aircraft for the CAESAR (Cold Air Outbreak Experiment in the Sub-Arctic Region) campaign. Instrumentation included in this dataset are the Wyoming Cloud Radar (WCR), the Ka-band Profiling Radar (KPR), the Wyoming Cloud Lidar (WCL), the Multi-function Airborne Raman Lidar (MARLi) and the Gband Vapor Radiometer (GVR).
DOI: 10.25934/00000030
title: Childhood Asthma Management Program

description: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long term effects of anti-inflammatory therapy compared to bronchodilator therapy on the course of asthma, particularly on lung function and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and on physical and psychosocial growth and development.
DOI: 10.25934/00000083
title: Bridging Anticoagulation in Patients Who Require Temporary Interruption of Warfarin Therapy for an Elective Invasive Procedure or Surgery

description: Blood thinners, such as warfarin, prevent blood clots from forming, thereby reducing the risk of a stroke or heart attack. When people undergo surgery or certain procedures, they must stop using warfarin to prevent too much bleeding during and after the surgery or procedure. Some doctors prescribe a different blood thinner, one that works more quickly and wears off more quickly, to bridge the gap between starting and stopping warfarin. However, this short-term treatment is expensive, may increase the risk of bleeding, and has not been proven effective. This study will determine whether a bridging blood thinner called dalteparin is helpful or harmful for people with atrial fibrillation who stop taking warfarin in preparation for surgery or a procedure.
DOI: 10.25934/00000087
title: A Multi-Center, Phase II Trial of Nonmyeloablative Conditioning (NST) and Transplantation of Partially HLA-Mismatched Bone Marrow From Related Donors for Patients With Hematologic Malignancies (BMT CTN #0603)

description: Bone marrow transplants are one treatment option for people with leukemia or lymphoma. Family members or unrelated donors with a similar type of bone marrow usually donate their bone marrow to the transplant patients. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of a new type of bone marrow transplant—one that uses lower doses of chemotherapy and bone marrow donated from family members with only partially matched bone marrow—in people with leukemia or lymphoma.
DOI: 10.25934/00000038
title: Sudden Cardiac Death in Heart Failure Trial (SCD-HeFT)

description: To compare conventional treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) with two experimental interventions: amiodarone and an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD).
DOI: 10.25934/00000003
title: Post Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Study

description: To determine the relative effectiveness of moderate versus more aggressive lipid lowering, and of low dose anticoagulation versus placebo, in delaying saphenous vein coronary bypass graft atherosclerosis and preventing occlusion of saphenous grafts of patients with saphenous vein coronary bypass grafts placed 1 to 11 years previously.
DOI: 10.25934/00000037
title: Dietary Patterns, Sodium Intake and Blood Pressure (DASH - Sodium)

description: To compare the effects of three levels of dietary sodium and two patterns of diet (a control diet and an intervention diet high in fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy products and low in fat) on blood pressure in individuals with higher than optimal blood pressure or with Stage 1 hypertension.. DASH - Sodium built on and extended the results of the NHLBI-initiated Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) study.
DOI: 10.25934/00000010
title: Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS)

description: To compare coronary artery surgery with medical management in patients with coronary artery disease and to maintain a registry on all patients undergoing coronary arteriography, whether operatively or medically managed.
DOI: 10.25934/00000019
title: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)

description: To test the effectiveness of dietary patterns in lowering blood pressure.
DOI: 10.25934/00000020
title: Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment (REACT)

description: To evaluate the impact of community educational interventions on patient delay time from onset of symptoms and signs of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) to arrival at a hospital Emergency Department (ED). Also, to study the impact of community educational interventions on use of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) and EDs, on thrombolytic therapy, and on AMI case fatality.
DOI: 10.25934/00000046
title: Stroke Prevention in Sickle Cell Anemia (STOP 2)

description: To determine how long blood transfusions are needed for primary stroke prevention. Also, to determine the duration of risk associated with abnormal transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) and to determine the specificity of the stroke risk model developed in STOP 1 in patients with abnormal TCD measurements.
DOI: 10.25934/00000048
title: Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls (TAAG)

description: To test the effectiveness of a multicomponent school-based and community-linked intervention in preventing the decline in physical activity levels and cardiovascular fitness in girls in grades 6-8.
DOI: 10.25934/00000084
title: Evaluation of Outcomes Following Mitral Valve Repair/Replacement in Severe Chronic Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation

description: People with coronary artery disease (CAD) or people who have had a heart attack may develop a leak in the mitral valve of their heart and may therefore need to undergo surgery to fix the valve. The best way to fix the mitral valve remains undetermined. This study will evaluate whether it is better for people with severe mitral valve leakage to undergo a mitral valve replacement procedure or a mitral valve repair procedure.
DOI: 10.25934/00002038
title: Functional Outcomes in Cardiovascular Patients Undergoing Surgical Hip Fracture Repair (FOCUS)

description: The purpose of this study is to compare liberal red blood cell transfusion therapy with restrictive red blood cell transfusion therapy in surgical patients with cardiovascular disease or risk factors.
DOI: 10.25934/00000005
title: Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension Study (PATHS)

description: To evaluate the long-term effect of reduction of alcohol intake on blood pressure in moderate but non-dependent drinkers with mild hypertension or high normal blood pressure.
DOI: 10.25934/00000006
title: Digitalis Investigation Group (DIG)

description: To determine if digitalis had a beneficial, harmful, or no effect on total mortality in patients with clinical heart failure and sinus rhythm.
DOI: 10.25934/00000008
title: Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial for the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease (MRFIT)

description: To determine for a group of men at high risk of death from coronary heart disease whether a special intervention program to lower serum cholesterol, reduce blood pressure, and eliminate cigarette smoking would result in a significant reduction in mortality from coronary heart disease.
DOI: 10.25934/00000009
title: Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (CPPT)

description: To determine whether reduction of cholesterol by drug therapy significantly lowered the atherosclerotic coronary heart disease rate in a group of hypercholesterolemic but otherwise healthy men. Total dollars spent on the CPPT from June 1973 were $142,250,000. We do not have a year-by-year breakdown.
DOI: 10.25934/00000013
title: Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP)

description: The primary objective was to assess whether long-term administration of antihypertensive therapy to elderly subjects with isolated systolic hypertension reduced the combined incidence of fatal and non-fatal stroke. The secondary objectives were to evaluate: the effect of long-term antihypertensive therapy on mortality from any cause in elderly people with isolated systolic hypertension; possible adverse effects of chronic use of antihypertensive drug treatment in this population; the effect of therapy on indices of quality-of-life; the natural history of isolated systolic hypertension in the placebo population.
DOI: 10.25934/00000014
title: Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD)

description: To determine if enalapril treatment of left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) due to ischemic or hypertensive heart disease led to reduced mortality and morbidity in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. There were a Prevention Trial, a Treatment Trial, and a registry.
DOI: 10.25934/00000017
title: Raynaud's Treatment Study (RTS)

description: To determine the relative efficacy of usual medical care and a course of treatment by thermal biofeedback in reducing vasospastic attacks characteristic of Raynaud's syndrome. Also, to confirm the frequency and severity of attacks, examine the role of psychophysiological factors in precipitating attacks, and assess the influence of treatment on health quality of life.
DOI: 10.25934/00000029
title: Lung Health Study (LHS) I and III

description: In the Lung Health Study I, to determine the effects of Special Care, compared to Usual Care, on rate of decline in pulmonary function in a group of cigarette smokers identified as having mild abnormalities in pulmonary function. In the Lung Health Study III, to determine the long-term effects of smoking cessation and continued smoking, on cardiopulmonary morbidity, mortality, and the rate of decline in the one second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) in men and women with early chronic obstructive lung disease who have been followed prospectively for 12 to 15 years.
DOI: 10.25934/00000031
title: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Clinical Network (ARDSNet)

description: The purposes of this study are to assess rapidly innovative treatment methods in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) as well as those at risk of developing ARDS and to create a network of interactive Critical Care Treatment Groups (CCTGs) to establish and maintain the required infrastructure to perform multiple therapeutic trials that may involve investigational drugs, approved agents not currently used for treatment of ARDS, or treatments currently used but whose efficacy has not been well documented.
DOI: 10.25934/00000049
title: Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure (STICH)

description: This study will compare medical therapy with coronary bypass surgery and/or surgical ventricular reconstruction for patients with congestive heart failure and coronary artery disease (CAD).
DOI: 10.25934/00000054
title: A Phase III Randomized, Multicenter Trial Comparing G-CSF Mobilized Peripheral Blood Stem Cell With Marrow Transplantation From Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Compatible Unrelated Donors (BMT CTN #0201)

description: The study is designed as a Phase III, randomized, open label, multicenter, prospective, comparative trial of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) versus marrow from unrelated donors for transplantation in patients with hematologic malignancies. Recipients will be stratified by transplant center and disease risk and will be randomized to either the PBSC or marrow arm in a 1:1 ratio.