cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288349
title: The use of dijkstra mechanistic model for genetic analysis of the lactation curve characteristics and their relationships with age at first calving and somatic cell score of Iranian dairy cows

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to estimate lactation curve parameters with Dijkstra mechanistic model and to evaluate genetic and phenotypic relationships between the parameters and the average somatic cell count in primiparous cows. The finding indicated that heritability estimates for partial milk yield (PMY1, PMY2 and PMY3), total 305-day milk yield (TMY305), decay parameter (λ2), age at first calving (AFC) and peak yield (PY) were moderate while the heritability of persistency (PS%), average somatic cell score (AVGSCS), time to peak yield (TP), initial milk production (λ0), specific rate of cell proliferation at parturition (λ1), and specific rate of cell death (λ3) were quite low. Genetic correlations between both AFC and PS% traits with average somatic cell scores was negative (-0.047 and -0.060) but low positive genetic correlation were between partial milk yields (PMY1 and PMY3) while negative genetic correlation (-0.06) was obtained between TMY305 and AVGSCS. Differences between TMY305 of cows with less than 100000 cells mL-1 and cows with &gt;1,500,000 cells mL-1 was approximately 708 Kg and is equivalent to 8% loss of milk yield/cow during lactation period and also loss of persistency (11.1 %( was shown for the extreme classes of SCC in this study.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288348
title: Bromatological composition and dry matter production of corn hydroponic fodder

description: ABSTRACT. The objective was to evaluate sowing density influence on hydroponic corn fodder bromatological composition, harvested in different ages raised on grass mix substrate. The experimental design used was completely randomized with six replications for each treatment, using 2.0 m² plots (1.0 x 2.0 m). The densities were distributed into factorial array (4x4), consisting in four sowing densities (1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kg m-²) and four cutting ages (10, 15, 20 and 25 days). The dry matter content (DMC) and production (DMP) and crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), Fiber neutral detergent (FND) and ethereal extract (EE) were analyzed each cutting age. In terms of DMP (kg m-²), EE (%) and DMC (kg m-²), it is recommended to use the density 1.0 kg m-² with cutting age of 25 days. Regarding CP (%) the best result was at 15 days of cut and density 2.5 kg m-² and the values for FND (%) and ADF (%) were higher at 25 days at 2.0 kg density 2,0 kg m-². The choice of both best harvesting age and density will depend on what is desired of the nutritional forage (CP, EE, NDF, ADF, DMC and DMP) as well its destination, since very close values were found in all analyzes, regardless of density and age of harvest analyzed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288345
title: Replacement of corn silage with spineless cactus in sheep diet: carcass and meat sensory characteristics

description: ABSTRACT. This study evaluated the effect of replacing corn silage with spineless cactus, in combination with Tifton 85 hay or sugarcane bagasse, on the carcass measurements and sensory properties of the meat of lambs finished in feedlot. Twenty-one, intact, Santa Inês males, with an initial body weight of 22.86 ± 2.87 kg and an average age of 150 days, were individually confined for 74 days and fed at will three treatments diets: Corn silage (CS); Spineless cactus + Tifton 85 hay (CT) and Spineless cactus + sugarcane bagasse (CB). Lambs fed CT had a wider croup (p &lt; 0.05) compared to animals fed CS. The replacement of corn silage with CT or CB did not influence (p &gt; 0.05) the body length, withers height or chest circumference of the lambs. Values of carcass length and compactness index were similar (p &gt; 0.05) between treatments. There was a high and positive correlation (p &lt; 0.05) between chest width (0.82) and chest circumference (0.81) of animals with cold carcass weight. The odor and taste of sheep meat fed CT or CB was more accepted when compared to the meat of animals fed corn silage. The replacement of corn silage with spineless cactus in combination with Tifton 85 hay or sugarcane bagasse improves the sensory quality of sheep meat, but does not interfere with carcass measurements.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288343
title: Inferring phenotypic causal structures among body weight traits via structural equation modeling in Kurdi sheep

description: ABSTRACT. Data collected on 2550 Kurdi lambs originated from 1505 dams and 149 sires during 1991 to 2015 in Hossein Abad Kurdi Sheep Breeding Station, located in Shirvan city, North Khorasan province, North-eastern area of Iran, were used for inferring causal relationship among the body weights at birth (BW), at weaning (WW), at six-month age (6MW), at nine-month age (9MW) and yearling age (YW). The inductive causation (IC) algorithm was employed to search for causal structure among these traits. This algorithm was applied to the posterior distribution of the residual (co)variance matrix of a standard multivariate model (SMM). The causal structure detected by the IC algorithm coupling with biological prior knowledge provides a temporal recursive causal network among the studied traits. The studied traits were analyzed under three multivariate models including SMM, fully recursive multivariate model (FRM) and IC-based multivariate model (ICM) via a Bayesian approach by 100,000 iterations, thinning interval of 10 and the first 10,000 iterations as burn-in. The three considered multivariate models (SMM, FRM and ICM) were compared using deviance information criterion (DIC) and predictive ability measures including mean square of error (MSE) and Pearson's correlation coefficient between the observed and predicted values (r(y, ŷ)) of records. In general, structural equation based models (FRM and ICM) performed better than SMM in terms of lower DIC and MSE and also higher r(y, ŷ). Among the tested models ICM had the lowest (36678.551) and SMM had the highest (36744.107)DIC values. In each case of the traits studied, the lowest MSE and the highest r(y, ŷ) were obtained under ICM. The causal effects of BW on WW, WW on 6MW, 6MW on 9MW and 9MW on YW were statistically significant values of 1.478, 0.737, 0.776 and 0.929 kg, respectively (99% highest posterior density intervals did not include zero).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288342
title: Salinity and prey concentration on larviculture of killifish Hypsolebias radiseriatus (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae)

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to investigate the tolerance of Hypsolebias radiseriatus larvae to different salinities, and the effects of different prey concentrations and water salinities on the larviculture of this species. Salinity tolerance was tested by subjecting newly-hatched larvae to 96 hours of osmotic shock testing (experiment I) and gradual acclimatization (experiment II) of the following salinities: freshwater (control), 2, 4, 6 and 8 g of salt L-1. A third experiment (experiment III) evaluated three water salinities (S0 - freshwater, S2 - 2 g of salt L-1 and S4 - 4 g of salt L-1) and three initial daily prey concentrations (100, 300 and 500 artemia nauplii larva-1). In experiments I and II, survival was only influenced by the salinity of 8 g of salt L-1 (p &lt; 0.01). After 35 days, weight was only influenced by prey concentration (p &lt; 0.05), with the highest value being with 500 artemia nauplii larva-1. The lowest survival was for 4 g of salt L-1 and for 100 artemia nauplii larva-1. H. radiseriatus larviculture can be carried out in salinity of up to 2 g of salt L-1 and initial daily prey concentrations with 500 artemia nauplii larva-1.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288341
title: Effect of soybean meal replacement by slow-release urea on ruminal parameter, blood metabolites, and microbial protein synthesis in Zel ram

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soybean meal replacement by slow-release urea on feed intake, ruminal parameters, blood metabolites, dry matter, nutrients digestion, and microbial protein synthesis (MPS) in ram. Rams were used for four 21-day periods. The experimental design was a 4×4 Latin square design. The experiment has consisted of the following four rations: 1) basic diet with soybean meal as a protein source, 2) basic diet with soybean meal plus 0.5 % of DM slow-release urea (SRU), 3) basic diet with soybean meal plus 1 % of DM SRU, and 4) basic diet with soybean meal plus 1.5 % of SRU, respectively. Soybean meal replacement by SRU decreased ruminal ammonia and blood urea. SRU increase in diets significantly increased acetic acid 3 hours after morning feeding, blood glucose, total purine, uric acid excretion, microbial nitrogen, and microbial protein. The results showed that soybean meal replacement by SRU sources had no negative effect on rams performance.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288339
title: Nutrient fluxes and environmental performance indicators for a pasture-based dairy system

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutrient fluxes for lactating cows in a pasture-based dairy system and the impact of a nutritional management strategy on the environmental performance indicators. Fourteen lactating cows were divided into two experimental groups with seven animals each. The nutritional managements were a diet containing 20% crude protein (Group 1) and a diet with adjusted protein (Group 2). The nutrient budget was calculated on a monthly basis for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The nutritional strategy of adjusted protein reduces the total surplus in the lactation period for nitrogen by 7.6% and for phosphorus by 6.3%. The total potassium surplus of the adjusted protein group was 8.5% higher. The average nitrogen use efficiency was 21% for group 1 and 22.7% for group 2. Phosphorus use efficiency ranged from 13.4 to 35% for group 1 and from 15.5 to 34% for group 2 and potassium average use efficiency was 14.2% for group 1 and 12.6% for group 2. Nutritional management reduced nitrogen and phosphorus surpluses as well as the values of the environmental performance indicator. Based on this, it is possible to improve the environmental efficiency of dairy systems through improved nutritional management.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288336
title: Drone production, semen viability and spermatozoa longevity of Africanized Apis mellifera

description: ABSTRACT. Characteristics correlated with beekeeping production, less influenced by the environment and that can be controlled by management techniques, can help in the selection of colonies with higher production capacity, aiming to improve breeding programs. This research was carried out to evaluate the production of Africanized Apis mellifera drones and the longevity of spermatozoa from different genetic groups when supplemented with protein or not. Two genetic groups were used: one selected for royal jelly production from the Africanized honeybee breeding program and another without genetic selection. In both groups, the number of drone brood and the quality of semen were evaluated every 30 days, for five months. Statistical analysis was performed using Bayesian Inference. Statistical difference was found for the drone production among the treatments, and colonies without genetic selection produced more males (187.80 ± 11.15) than the selected colonies (93.07 ± 8.88). The selected colonies for royal jelly production presented greater efficiency in the reproductive cycle of males, because they produced fewer drones than colonies without genetic selection, however, with 31% greater semen viability.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288333
title: Use of artificial neural network to model reproductive performance and mortality of non-descript rabbits

description: ABSTRACT. This study was carried out to predict average number of kits per birth and mortality number of non-descript rabbits in Plateau State, Nigeria using artificial neural network (ANN). Data were obtained from a total of 100 rabbit farmers. The predicted mean value for number of kits per birth using ANN (6.60) was similar to the observed value (6.52). As regards mortality, the predicted mean value using ANN (17.75) was also similar to the observed value (17.80). Primary occupation, experience in rabbit keeping, flock size and credit type were the parameters of utmost importance in predicting number of kits per birth. The fairly high coefficient of determination (R2) (55.7%) and low root mean square error (RMSE) value of 1.22 conferred reliability on the ANN model. The R2 value obtained in the prediction of mortality using ANN implies that 61.1% of the variation in the number of mortality can be largely explained by the explanatory variables such as flock size, age of farmers, experience in rabbit keeping and average number of kits per birth. The low RMSE value of 3.82 also gave credence to the regression model. The present information may be exploited in taking appropriate management decisions to boost production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288331
title: Protein, energetic, enzymatic and mineral profile of Nellore cows during the pregnancy, parturition and postpartum

description: ABSTRACT. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protein energetic, enzymatic and mineral profile of Nellore cows during the pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. Fifteen multiparous cows with 4 ± 1 years of age and live weight of 400 ± 50 kg were used at different stages (non-pregnant, in the initial, middle and late pregnancy, at birth, one day postpartum, 30 and 60 days postpartum). Blood collections were performed every 30 days and assayed for the following blood biomarkers: Protein (total proteins, albumin, urea and creatinine), energetic (cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and beta hydroxybutyrate), mineral (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium) and enzymatic (alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase). Calcium had the lowest concentrations (p &lt; 0.05) in the initial pregnancy, while phosphorus had the highest concentration at parturition (p &lt; 0.05). Triglycerides, glucose and beta hydroxybutyrate were influenced by the stages of pregnancy, reducing in the late pregnancy and at parturition. Glucose had a reduction in the late pregnancy and elevation in the postpartum. Beta hydroxybutyrate showed increase at the late pregnancy. Although lipomobilization occurred in the phases of higher metabolic demands in the attempt to maintain homeostatic conditions. Nellore cows did not present negative energy balance in the late pregnancy period, maintaining normal variation in blood markers throughout the experimental period.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288329
title: Acceptability of goat's milk in high and elementary school networks

description: ABSTRACT. The goat's milk is an excellent choice to replace cow’s milk for children and adults, who are allergic to cow’s milk. Both the proteins and the fat portion of goat’s milk are absorbed by the body faster than cow's milk. Visually it is not possible to differentiate cow’s milk from goat’s milk, which can be differentiated through odor and taste which generates some concern to consumers. The objective of this study were to evaluate the acceptability of goat’s milk, compared to cow’s milk by children and young adults between 06 and 21 years old, in public network of schools Bambuí-MG, living in different socioeconomic levels, in order to verify if there is difference, in acceptance, between these two types of milk and study if the age and socioeconomic status could influence the results. Samples were prepared with chocolate powder and subjected to sensory evaluation by a group of 330 students, who are milk consumers. The samples were evaluated for preference through the hedonic scale of 5 points, asking about the score of the consumers and the preference of each type of milk. The test was conducted in two public schools. the data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test for comparison of means. Although goat's milk has some compositional characteristics and different physicochemical properties of cow's milk, there was no difference between them, due to acceptability between students of the public high school and elementary school network. The mixture 50% goat milk + 50% cow's milk generated greater rejection of the sampled population, a fact justified by the formation of small clots when mixing the different types of milks. Conventional cow's milk can be replaced by goat's milk in school meals, regardless of the age group and socioeconomic status of students.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288327
title: Passion fruit waste in diets for quail in the laying phase

description: ABSTRACT. It was aimed to evaluate the effect of including the waste from passion fruit pulp extraction in diets for Japanese quail in the laying phase on their production performance and egg quality. A total of 280 female quail were distributed into five treatments with eight replicates and seven birds per cage. Treatments consisted of 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8% inclusion of passion fruit waste in the diet. The experiment began with quail at 70 days of age and lasted 63 days, with performance evaluated every 21 days and egg quality in the last two days of each cycle. There was no difference between the treatments for feed intake, body weight, specific gravity, or eggshell thickness. However, a decreasing linear regression was obtained for feed intake with the inclusion of the waste, while a quadratic response was show by egg production, weight and parts of the egg. Inclusion of up to 6% passion fruit waste in diets for quail is recommended to maintain the indices in relation to control treatment. However, the best values for egg-laying rate and for the weights of egg, albumen, yolk, and shell are obtained with 2.5 to 3.5% inclusion of passion fruit waste.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288324
title: Chemical control of signalgrass for establishing Tanzania-grass

description: ABSTRACT. Herbicides have been used to control Brachiaria grass in pastures established or in formation given their practicality, however their efficiency is questionable due to the lack of specific graminicides for different forage species. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of glyphosate and fluazifop-p-butyl in the control of Brachiaria decumbens (signalgrass) and the intoxication levels of Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania (Tanzania quinea grass) in pasture establishment. The experiments were designed in randomized blocks, in a 2 × 5 × 4 factorial arrangement of two herbicides (fluazifop-p-butyl and glyphosate), five doses equivalent to the commercial dosage of each herbicide (0.25; 0.50; 1.00; 1.50; 200), and four evaluation times after herbicide application (15, 21, 30 and 45 days). There was interaction between doses and evaluation times. The dose 1.5 L ha-1 fluazifop-p-butyl provides efficient control of signalgrass, however, leads to high intoxication in Tanzania guinea grass. Glyphosate is efficient in the control of signalgrass even at the lowest dose (90 g ha-1), however, it causes high intoxication in Tanzania guinea grass, preventing its use in developing pastures. It can be concluded that fluazifop-p-butyl and glyphosate herbicides are not recommended for the control of B. decumbens, cv. Basilisk in developing pastures of Tanzania guinea grass.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288322
title: Colorimetric method as alternative to chromium (III) quantification in cattle feces

description: ABSTRACT. One of the main factors to establish productivity of grazing cattle is the estimation of forage intake. For this, the most widely used technique is based on the estimation of fecal output using chromium dioxide as external marker. However, quantification can be expensive and sometimes not precise due to the methodology used for this purpose. Therefore, the aim of this study was to validate the colorimetric method for chromium quantification and to implement it in the estimation of fecal output in grazing cattle. The temperature, the digestion time and the wavelength for the measurement were evaluated. The method was validated for selectivity, linearity, detection and quantification limits, precision, accuracy, and stability. Results showed that temperature and digestion time are critical to improve sensitivity and quantification limits. The validation demonstrated that the method is suitable for the quantification of Cr2O3 in a wide range of concentrations, being statistically comparable with a reference method, and offering a reliable low cost and easy to implement alternative, to estimate fecal output in bovine digestibility studies.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288321
title: Auto-lysed yeast and yeast extract effects on dry matter intake, blood cells counts, IgG titer and gene expression of IL-2 in lactating dairy cows under heat stress

description: ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of auto-lysed yeast and yeast extract on performance and immune responses of cows in hot climate in the early lactation period. Twenty five lactating dairy cows randomly assigned to 5 groups and 5 replicates. Cows received basal diet with or without auto-lysed yeast (20 or 40 g/d/head) or yeast extract (20 or 40 g/d/head) as on top-dressed. There were no differences for daily dry matter intake, milk production milk fat and the counts of red blood cells and white blood cells among treatments (p &gt; 0.05). There were significant differences among treatments for immunoglobulin G (IgG) level, lymphocyte and neutrophil percentages. Yeast extract had no effect on IgG level, but auto-lysed yeast increased IgG level and neutrophil percentage and decreased lymphocyte percentage (p &lt; 0.05). The highest relative interleukin-2 gene expression was for cows received auto-lysed yeast at the level of 40 g/d/head. Yeast extract had no significant effect on interleukin-2 gene expression as compared to the control group. It was concluded that auto-lysed yeast at the level of 40 g/d/head had no effect on performance, but it could positively influence on immune response of lactating dairy cows in hot climate during early period of lactation.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14288318
title: The effect of feed restriction on the fat profile of Santa Inês lamb meat

description: ABSTRACT. Consumers today are increasingly more demanding regarding their food, seeking healthier and better quality products, and in this context animal nutrition plays a key role. The meat composition can be altered by animal feed itself, being that lipid profile may directly contribute to consumer health, reducing the predisposition of developing cardiovascular diseases, main cause of mortality in the world. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of dietary feed restriction in Santa Inês lambs on their intramuscular, intermuscular, and subcutaneous fat profile, fat profile of the longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle, and the total meat lipids and cholesterol. Three groups of lambs were subjected to diets: without restriction (WR), and 30 and 60% feed restriction. Overall, stearic, palmitic, and oleic acids were the predominant and the lowest lipid and cholesterol levels were observed at the highest restriction level, presenting higher polyunsaturated:saturated (PUFA:SFA) and desirable (DFA) fatty acid ratios (p &lt; 0.05). Lambs subjected to 60% dietary feed restriction had a better quality meat with lower lipid and cholesterol contents, and profile favorable for human health due the presence of unsaturated fatty acids, that is important parameter the market demands to meet the consumers’ expectations.