DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcwm
title: Data from: Incorporating implicit information to disentangle the impacts of hydropower dams and climate change on basin-scale fish habitat distribution

description: The loss of freshwater fish habitats, exacerbated by climate change and
 dam constructions, poses a critical environmental concern. The upper
 Yangtze River basin, noted for its abundant fish fauna and concentrated
 dam development, serves as a crucial locale for investigating the impacts
 of climate shifts and dam construction. This study aims to disentangle the
 impacts of hydroelectric dams and climate change on fish habitat
 distribution by analyzing species presence data across different periods.
 Species distribution models were constructed using Maxent
 for Coreius guichenoti (a warm-water endangered fish)
 and Schizopygopsis malacanthus (a cold-water endangered
 fish). The model accuracy was assessed using the area under the curve of
 the receiver operating characteristic. Habitat distribution modeling and
 prediction for the pre-dam period (1970–2000) and post-dam period
 (2001–2020), as well as future climate change under two shared
 socioeconomic pathways scenarios, were conducted. The impacts of climate
 change and dam construction on the habitat suitability of two fish species
 were quantified. The results revealed dam construction predominantly
 diminished habitat suitability and range, with high-suitability habitats
 in the post-dam period decreasing by 56.3% (720.18 km) and 67.0%
 (1665.52 km) for the two fishes, respectively. Climate change would
 enhance the habitat suitability of Coreius guichenoti, while it
 would decrease the habitat suitability of Schizopygopsis
 malacanthus. The impact of dam construction is greater that of climate
 change for them. This study underscores the profound impacts of dam
 construction on fish habitats, particularly for cold-water species, and
 highlights the critical need for habitat restoration in sustainable
 hydropower development. Our method of disentangling these factors also
 provides a new approach to evaluating environmental impacts in large river
 basins.
description: For the input data, they have been masked to the river network of
 the Upper Yangtze Basin, with a grid resolution of 30 arcseconds. These
 operations were performed using simple R code, which does not need to be
 provided.vided data.
description: # Data from: Incorporating implicit information to disentangle the impacts
 of hydropower dams and climate change on basin-scale fish habitat
 distribution
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcwm](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.pzgmsbcwm) ## Description of the data and file structure The dataset includes the maxent software and environmental factors needed to establish the maxent model, with the modeling factors for the two periods named 1970-2000 and 2001-2019, respectively. The "BIO1-BIO19" data for two periods can be downloaded via the link "[https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html]()" while the descriptions of them are listed in Table 1. \***Folders *** **maxent** 1. software file for running the species distribution model 2. maxent.jar is the core file for maxent, performing species distribution modeling. 3. maxent.bat (Windows) and maxent.sh (Linux) are startup scripts for easy execution. 4. more details about the software can refer to "readme.txt" under **maxent** folder. **Input env data in 1970-2000** 1. Input environment data  for species distribution model of 1970-2000 running on maxent 2. The ".asc"  files are text format commonly used to store spatial data. They can be directly used in maxent. 3. The detailed descriptions and source of these ".asc" can refer to Table 1. **Input env data in 2001-2019** 1. Input environment data for species distribution model of 2001-2019 running on maxent 2. The ".asc"  files are text format commonly used to store spatial data. They can be directly used in maxent. 3. The detailed descriptions and source of these ".asc" can also refer to Table 1. Table 1 Pre-selected modelling factor descriptions and sources |   | Variables | Description | Source | | :-------- | :-------- | :----------------------------------- | :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | |   | BIO1 | Annual Mean Temperature | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO2 | Mean Diurnal Range | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO3 | Isothermality | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO4 | Temperature Seasonality  | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO5 | Max Temperature of Warmest Month | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO6 | Min Temperature of Coldest Month | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO7 | Temperature Annual Range | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO8 | Mean Temperature of Wettest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO9 | Mean Temperature of Driest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | | Clinate | BIO10 | Mean Temperature of Warmest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO11 | Mean Temperature of Coldest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO12 | Annual Precipitation | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO13 | Precipitation of Wettest Month | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO14 | Precipitation of Driest Month | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO15 | Precipitation Seasonality | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO16 | Precipitation of Wettest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO17 | Precipitation of Driest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO18 | Precipitation of Warmest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | BIO19 | Precipitation of Coldest Quarter | [https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html](https://www.worldclim.org/data/worldclim21.html) | |   | CLA | Crop Land Area | [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/aglands-croplands-2000](https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/aglands-croplands-2000) | | Human | DPI | Development Pressure Index | [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lulc-development-threat-index](https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/lulc-development-threat-index) | | Activitry | HIP | The Human Impervious Area Percentage | [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/ulandsat-hbase-v1/data-download](https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/ulandsat-hbase-v1/data-download) | |   | POPC | Population Count | [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v4-population-count-rev11/data-download](https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v4-population-count-rev11/data-download) | |   | DEM | Digital Elevation Model | [http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/](http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/download) | | natural | FHF | Flood Hazard Frequency | [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/ndh-flood-hazard-frequency-distribution](https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/ndh-flood-hazard-frequency-distribution) | | geography | RO | River Order | Self-made | |   | WTA | Water Area | [https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v4-land-water-area-rev11](https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/data/set/gpw-v4-land-water-area-rev11) | ## Sharing/Access information The environmental data used (except for River order; River order has been provided in the "**Input env data in 1970-2000**" and "**Input env data in 2001-2019**") can be downloaded via the link in Table 1. Although it can be used in open-access publications, it is not automatically licensed under CC0, as it may require attribution or have usage restrictions​. ## Code/Software To build the maxent model, we used open-source Maxent software (version 3.4.3, November 2020).