DOI: 10.5061/dryad.11rn5
title: Data from: Emergence of human calicivirus among diarrhea cases in southwest China

description: Background: Acute diarrhea is one of the most serious problems in global
 public health that causes considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide.
 Human caliciviruses (HuCV) including norovirus (NoV, genogroup GI and GII)
 and sapovirus (SaV), is a leading cause of acute sporadic diarrhea in
 individuals across all age groups. However, few studies had been conducted
 clarifying the characteristics of HuCV in diarrhea cases across all age
 groups in China. Our study was aimed at assessing the HuCV-related
 diarrhea burden and NoV genotypes distribution in southwest China.
 Methods: The study was conducted in four hospitals in Kunming city, Yunnan
 province, from June 2014 to July 2015. Stool specimens were collected from
 1,121 diarrhea cases and 319 healthy controls in outpatient departments.
 Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to
 detect NoV (GI, GII) and SaV. Sequencing was applied to confirm the three
 viral infections and phylogenetic analysis was performed to determine
 their genotypes. A structured questionnaire was used to record the
 demographic information and clinical symptoms of subjects. Results: HuCV
 was detected at an 11.0 % infection rate in 1,121 diarrhea cases and at
 3.4 % rate in 319 non-diarrhea subjects (p &lt; 0.0001, OR = 3.5, 95 %
 CI 1.8–6.5). The prevalence of the NoV genogroup GII and genotype GII.4 in
 diarrhea cases was significantly higher than that found in healthy
 controls (p &lt; 0.0001, p = 0.018, respectively). NoV GII (n = 118,
 10.5 %) was the most common HuCV subtype in diarrhea cases, followed by
 SaV (n = 3, 0.3 %) and NoV GI (n = 2, 0.2 %). Of 118 NoV GII strains
 isolated from diarrhea patients. GII.4 (n = 55, 46.6 %) was the
 predominant strain, followed by GII.3 (n = 28, 23.7 %), GII.12 (n = 25,
 21.2 %), GII.17 (n = 8, 6.8 %), and GII.5 (n = 2, 1.7 %). Of the 55 GII.4
 strains, the GII.4 Sydney 2012 variant had absolutely predominant
 prevalence (n = 52, 94.5 %), followed by the NoV GII.4-2006b variant
 (n = 3, 5.5 %). The GII.4 Orleans 2009 variant was not found in diarrhea
 cases of the study. Conclusions: NoV GII was the major genogroup and GII.4
 was the most predominant strain detected in diarrhea patients. The GII.17
 is an emergent variant in sporadic diarrhea and might become the
 predominant strain in diarrhea cases in the near future. Rapid, accurate
 detection kits need to be developed to help us find and treat
 NoV-associated diarrhea in clinical settings in a timely manner.
description: Figure
 1Phylogenetic trees of
 SaV and NoV(GI, GII) based on dependent RNA polymerase ●: diarrhea cases
 over five years; ○: controls over five years; ▲: diarrhea cases under five
 years; △: controls under five years; The contents in brackets is that the
 number of same genotype The molecular analysis of SaV and NoV (GI, GII)
 among diarrhea cases and healthy controls in this study, NoV GII was the
 major pathogen and GII.4 was the most predominant strain detected in
 diarrhea patients, novel GII.17 variant was emergence in diarrhea
 cases.Phylogenetic trees of
 SaV and NoV(GI, GII)The representative gene
 sequences