DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17403088
title: Processed Multi-source Oceanographic Data for Subsurface Temperature Inversion in the Northwest Pacific (2010-2023)

description: Processed Multi-source Oceanographic Dataset for Subsurface Temperature Inversion in the Northwestern Pacific (2010-2023)

OverviewThis dataset contains preprocessed, model-ready oceanographic data for the Northwestern Pacific Ocean (120°E–180°, 10°S–50°N) from January 2010 to December 2023. It was created to support the training and validation of the machine learning model presented in the associated research paper: "A Depth-Adaptive Decoder Embeds Ocean Stratification Physics for Subsurface Temperature Inversion in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean".

The raw data from multiple satellite and Argo sources have been uniformly regridded, masked, and temporally aggregated to facilitate direct use in machine learning workflows for ocean subsurface temperature inversion.

Data Processing MethodsThe following preprocessing steps were applied to all raw data:1. Regridding: All input sea surface data were regridded to a uniform 1°×1° spatial resolution using bilinear interpolation.2. Temporal Aggregation: Data were aggregated to monthly means.3. Land Masking: A spatial mask based on the Global Ocean Shapefile was applied to exclude land areas.4. Missing Data Handling: Any data point with missing parameters within the study area was excluded and filled with 0.0.5. Normalization: The input data were normalized using the mean and standard deviation of the training set to facilitate model convergence.

Files in data.zipThis ZIP archive contains the following 6 NetCDF (.nc) files:

- sst.nc: Sea Surface Temperature (sst), Units: °C, Original Source: NOAA OISST- sss.nc: Sea Surface Salinity (Mean_Sea_Surface_Salinity_1), Units: PSU, Original Source: ESA SMOS  - ssh.nc: Sea Level Anomaly (sla), Units: m, Original Source: AVISO- uwnd.nc: Zonal Wind Component (uwnd), Units: m/s, Original Source: CCMP- vwnd.nc: Meridional Wind Component (vwnd), Units: m/s, Original Source: CCMP- Argo_Actual_Temperature_Precise_201001-202312.nc: Subsurface Temperature (TEMP), Units: °C, Original Source: Roemmich-Gilson Argo

Usage and CitationWhen using this dataset, you MUST cite both the original data sources listed below and this derived dataset itself.

Citation for This DatasetZhuang, S., Yang, S., & Gong, X. (2025). Processed Multi-source Oceanographic Dataset for Subsurface Temperature Inversion in the Northwestern Pacific (2010-2023) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17403089

Original Data Sources- SST: Reynolds, R.W., et al. (2002). An Improved In Situ and Satellite SST Analysis for Climate. Journal of Climate, 15, 1609-1625.- SSS: Boutin, J., et al. (2018). SSS SMOS L3 Debias Optimized Version 5.0. Earth System Science Data, 10, 1421–1435.- SLA (SSH): Hauser, D., et al. (2021). A New Sea Surface Salinity L4 Analysis Using Satellite Observations. Earth System Science Data.- SSW (UWND, VWND): Atlas, R., et al. (2011). A Cross-Calibrated Multiplatform Ocean Surface Wind Velocity Product for Meteorological and Oceanographic Applications. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 92, 157–174.- Subsurface Temperature (ST): Roemmich, D., and Gilson, J. (2009). The 2004–2008 Mean and Annual Cycle of Temperature, Salinity, and Steric Height in the Global Ocean from the Argo Program. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 26, 1920–1939.