cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ff708
title: Data from: Relative strength of fine-scale spatial genetic structure in paternally vs biparentally inherited DNA in a dioecious plant depends on both sex proportions and pollen-to-seed dispersal ratio

description: In plants, the spatial genetic structure (SGS) is shaped mainly by gene
 dispersal and effective population density. Among additional factors, the
 mode of DNA inheritance and dioecy influence SGS. However, their joint
 impact on SGS remains unclear, especially in the case of paternally
 inherited DNA. Using theoretical approximations and computer simulations,
 here we showed that the relative intensity of SGS measured in paternally
 and biparentally inherited DNA in a dioecious plant population depends on
 both the proportion of males and the pollen-to-seed dispersal ratio. As
 long as males do not prevail in a population, SGS is more intense in
 paternally than biparentally inherited DNA. When males prevail, the
 intensity of SGS in paternally vs biparentally inherited DNA depends on
 the compound effect of sex proportions and the pollen-to-seed dispersal
 ratio. To empirically validate our predictions, we used the case of Taxus
 baccata, a dioecious European tree. First, we showed that mitochondrial
 DNA (mtDNA) in T. baccata is predominantly (98%) paternally inherited.
 Subsequently, using nuclear DNA (nuDNA) and mitochondrial microsatellite
 data, we compared the fine-scale SGS intensity at both marker types in two
 natural populations. The population with equal sex proportions showed
 stronger SGS in mtDNA than in nuDNA. On the other hand, we found lower SGS
 intensity in mtDNA than in nuDNA in the population with 67% males. Thus,
 the empirical results provided good support for the theoretical
 predictions, suggesting that knowledge about SGS in paternally vs
 biparentally inherited DNA may provide insight into effective sex
 proportions within dioecious populations.
description: Taxus_Coord_SSR_dataData for individual trees include coordinates (ETRS89 system, in meters) and genotypes at 6 nuclear microsatellite loci (2 columns per locus) and 1 mitochondrial locus (1 column). Zero is used for missing data. Individuals are grouped into 2 populations (column named "Population").
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.79p2b
title: Data from: Allopatry, competitor recognition and heterospecific aggression in crater lake cichlids

description: Background: Aggressive behaviour can have significant evolutionary
 consequences - not only within species, but also in the context of
 heterospecific interactions. Here, we carried out an experimental field
 study to investigate the importance of phenotypic similarity on levels of
 aggression between species whilst controlling for familiarity effects
 using manipulated allopatric stimuli. Specifically, we investigated
 aggressive responses of territory holding males and females in two species
 of Neotropical cichlid fish, Amphilophus sagittae and Hypsophrys
 nicaraguensis, that differ in their phenotypic similarity to our
 allopatric stimulus species, Amphilophus astorquii. Results: We found
 that, independent of phenotypic similarity (and correlated phylogenetic
 proximity) between the territory holders and intruder, territorial
 aggression was not adjusted in relation to allopatric intruder colour
 markings that are associated with different levels of threat and known to
 provoke different responses in a sympatric setting. We also found that
 males and females did not differ in their overall patterns of aggression
 adjustment towards intruder cues. Nevertheless, the two focal species,
 which share the same breeding grounds and external threats, exhibited
 different sex roles in breeding territory defence. Conclusion: Together
 with earlier studies assessing hetrospecific aggression in sympatry, our
 current results highlight the importance of coevolution and learning in
 species interactions.
description: Data
 (EVOB-D-15-00228R1)Behavioural field data
 on aggressive responses. All relevant variables are
 shown.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.5321kq8j
title: Data from: Social and genetic population structure of free-ranging cheetah in Botswana: implications for conservation

description: Once widely distributed throughout Africa, cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)
 occur today within fragmented populations and are listed as vulnerable by
 the IUCN. Botswana currently hosts the second largest cheetah population
 throughout the species’ range. This study initiated a molecular genetic
 survey of wild Botswana cheetah populations. It focused on the relatedness
 within presumed social groups using 14 microsatellite markers and revealed
 a higher proportion of unrelated male coalitions than was expected. Based
 on the unrelated cheetahs only, the estimation of the genetic variation
 corresponded with results from recent studies on different African
 populations. The analysis of unrelated individuals indicated limited
 genetic differentiation between cheetahs from different regions of
 Botswana. This suggests that the Botswana cheetah population might
 represent a unique panmictic population as long as sufficient levels of
 gene flow are maintained within the distribution range. This baseline
 information will now be incorporated to develop management strategies and
 set priorities for cheetah conservation in Botswana.
description: Dalton, Charruau et
 al_73cheetah
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.49jg0
title: Data from: Sensory evolution of hearing in tettigoniids with differing communication systems

description: In Tettigoniidae (Orthoptera: Ensifera), hearing organs are essential in
 mate detection. Male tettigoniids usually produce calling songs by
 tegminal stridulation, whereas females approach the males phonotactically.
 This unidirectional communication system is the most common one among
 tettigoniids. In several tettigoniid lineages, females have evolved
 acoustic replies to the male calling song which constitutes a
 bidirectional communication system. The genus Poecilimon (Tettigoniidae:
 Phaneropterinae) is of special interest because the ancestral state of
 bidirectional communication, with calling males and responding females,
 has been reversed repeatedly to unidirectional communication. Acoustic
 communication is mediated by hearing organs that are adapted to the
 conspecific signals. Therefore, we analyse the auditory system in the
 Tettigoniidae genus Poecilimon for functional adaptations in three
 characteristics: (i) dimension of sound-receiving structures (tympanum and
 acoustic spiracle), (ii) number of auditory sensilla and (iii) hearing
 sensitivity. Profound differences in the auditory system correlate with
 uni- or bidirectional communication. Among the sound-receiving structures,
 the tympana scale with body size, whereas the acoustic spiracle, the major
 sound input structure, was drastically reduced in unidirectional
 communicating species. In the unidirectional P. ampliatus group, auditory
 sensilla are severely reduced in numbers, but not in the unidirectional P.
 propinquus group. Within the P. ampliatus group, the number of auditory
 sensilla is further reduced in P. intermedius which lost acoustic
 signalling due to parthenogenesis. The auditory sensitivity correlated
 with the size of the acoustic spiracle, as hearing sensitivity was better
 with larger spiracles, especially in the ultrasonic range. Our results
 show a significant reduction in auditory structures, shaped by the
 differing sex roles during mate detection.
description: JEvolBiol_Sensory
 evolution Poecilimon_DatabaseIncludes the data from
 morphometric measurements on structures of the auditory system in
 different Poecilimon tettigoniids and the data from physiological
 measurements of hearing thresholds.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7fv64
title: Data from: Identification of habitat-specific biomes of aquatic fungal communities using a comprehensive nearly full-length 18S rRNA dataset enriched with contextual data

description: Molecular diversity surveys have demonstrated that aquatic fungi are
 highly diverse, and that they play fundamental ecological roles in aquatic
 systems. Unfortunately, comparative studies of aquatic fungal communities
 are few and far between, due to the scarcity of adequate datasets. We
 combined all publicly available fungal 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene
 sequences with new sequence data from a marine fungi culture collection.
 We further enriched this dataset by adding validated contextual data.
 Specifically, we included data on the habitat type of the samples
 assigning fungal taxa to ten different habitat categories. This dataset
 has been created with the intention to serve as a valuable reference
 dataset for aquatic fungi including a phylogenetic reference tree. The
 combined data enabled us to infer fungal community patterns in aquatic
 systems. Pairwise habitat comparisons showed significant phylogenetic
 differences, indicating that habitat strongly affects fungal community
 structure. Fungal taxonomic composition differed considerably even on
 phylum and class level. Freshwater fungal assemblage was most different
 from all other habitat types and was dominated by basal fungal lineages.
 For most communities, phylogenetic signals indicated clustering of
 sequences suggesting that environmental factors were the main drivers of
 fungal community structure, rather than species competition. Thus, the
 diversification process of aquatic fungi must be highly clade specific in
 some cases.The combined data enabled us to infer fungal community patterns
 in aquatic systems. Pairwise habitat comparisons showed significant
 phylogenetic differences, indicating that habitat strongly affects fungal
 community structure. Fungal taxonomic composition differed considerably
 even on phylum and class level. Freshwater fungal assemblage was most
 different from all other habitat types and was dominated by basal fungal
 lineages. For most communities, phylogenetic signals indicated clustering
 of sequences suggesting that environmental factors were the main drivers
 of fungal community structure, rather than species competition. Thus, the
 diversification process of aquatic fungi must be highly clade specific in
 some cases.
description: aquatic_fungal_communtiesaquatic_fungal_communities.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.7g0hr
title: Data from: Experimental evidence for an eco-evolutionary coupling between local adaptation and intraspecific competition

description: Determining how adaptive evolution can be coupled to ecological processes
 is key for developing a more integrative understanding of the demographic
 factors that regulate populations. Intraspecific competition is an
 especially important ecological process because it generates negative
 density dependence in demographic rates. Although ecological factors are
 most often investigated to determine the strength of density dependence,
 evolutionary processes such as local adaptation could also feed back to
 shape variation in the strength of density dependence among populations.
 Using an experimental approach with damselflies, a predaceous aquatic
 insect, we find evidence that both density-dependent intraspecific
 competition and local adaptation can reduce per capita growth rates. In
 some cases, the effects of local adaptation on reducing per capita growth
 rates exceeded the ecological competitive effects of a doubling of
 density. However, we also found that these ecological and evolutionary
 properties of populations are coupled, and we offer two interpretations of
 the causes underlying this pattern: (1) the strength of density-dependent
 competition depends on the extent of local adaptation, or (2) the extent
 of local adaptation is shaped by the strength of density-dependent
 competition. Regardless of the underlying causal pathway, these results
 show how eco-evolutionary dynamics can affect a key demographic process
 regulating populations.
description: Siepielski et al data
 setThe data set contains
 information on the experimental lake, source lake, density treatment and
 initial and final masses of larval damselflies.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c710g76
title: Data from: Fine-root exploitation strategies differ in tropical old-growth and logged-over forests in Ghana

description: Understanding the changes in root exploitation strategies during
 post-logging recovery is important for predicting forest productivity and
 carbon dynamics in tropical forests. We sampled fine (diameter &lt; 2
 mm) roots using the soil-core method to quantify fine-root biomass, and
 architectural and morphological traits to determine root exploitation
 strategies in an old-growth forest and in a 54-year-old logged-over forest
 influenced by similar parent material and climate. Seven root traits were
 considered: four associated with resource exploitation potential or an
 ‘extensive’ strategy (fine-root biomass, length, surface area and volume);
 and three traits which reflect exploitation efficiency or an ‘intensive’
 strategy (specific root area, specific root length and root tissue
 density). We found that total fine-root biomass, length, surface area,
 volume, and fine-root tissue density were higher in the logged-over
 forest, whereas the old-growth forest had higher total specific root
 length and specific root surface area than the logged-over forest. The
 results suggest different root exploitation strategies between the
 forests. Plants in the old-growth forest invest root biomass more
 efficiently to maximize soil volume explored, whereas plants in the
 logged-over forest increase the spatial distribution of roots resulting in
 the expansion of the rhizosphere.
description: Fine-root traits in
 tropical old-growth and logged-over forestsThis data file contains
 mean fine-root (&lt; 2 mm in diameter) biomass, architectural and
 morphological traits measured in a tropical old-growth forest, and in a
 54-year-old logged-over forest in Ghana.Addo-Danso et al. 2018-Mean
 fine root biomass-architectural and morphological
 traits.xlsx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t546g
title: Data from: Virus infection influences host plant interactions with non-vector herbivores and predators

description: 1. Viruses are widespread in both natural and agricultural plant
 communities and can significantly alter diverse traits of their host
 plants that mediate key interactions with other organisms. Yet, the
 impacts of plant viruses on broader community dynamics remain little
 studied. 2. Here we explore the effects of Cucumber mosaic virus, a common
 non-persistently transmitted plant virus, on short and long-term
 interactions of herbivorous and predatory insects with squash (Cucurbita
 pepo) plants in a weedy field setting, as well as virus-induced changes in
 plant phenotypes that mediate these interactions. Cucumber mosaic virus
 has previously been shown to have numerous effects on host plants that
 likely influence interactions with arthropods, including reduced plant
 size, increased volatile emissions, and diminished plant quality and
 palatability for aphid vectors. 3. Infection reduced the likelihood of
 many herbivorous insects arresting and feeding on plants, as well as the
 apparency of plants to herbivores that base in-flight foraging on visual
 cues. In particular, infection drastically reduced numbers of a specialist
 squash herbivore (Anasa tristis) on plants in the field—a pattern likely
 driven by a reduction of phagostimulatory sugar levels in leaf tissue and
 concurrent increase in amino acid levels, as nymphal development was not
 obviously impacted by infection status. Relative to effects on herbivores,
 virus infection had little impact on the ability of predatory insects to
 locate aphid prey, although an experiment examining plant visitation in
 the absence of aphids revealed reduced numbers of foraging Syrphidae
 (Diptera) and Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) on infected plants but increased
 visitation and oviposition by Chrysopidae (Neuroptera). 4. CMV infection
 may reduce overall herbivore pressure on infected plants through effects
 on palatability and apparency, yet predators appear to locate herbivorous
 prey that do occur on infected plants as efficiently as those on healthy
 plants. 5. Virus infection can significantly influence plant interactions
 with the insect community (including non-vector as well as vector insects)
 with potential implications both for disease spread and for broader
 community dynamics.
description: Data -
 FE-2014-00415.R1Raw data from field
 experiments and laboratory behavioral experiments examining non-vector
 insect responses to Cucumber mosaic virus infected plants. Also includes
 raw data from metabolite analysis of infected and healthy plants, with and
 without damage by Anasa tristis.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6866g
title: Data from: Thermal biology of flight in a butterfly: genotype, flight metabolism, and environmental conditions

description: Knowledge of the effects of thermal conditions on animal movement and
 dispersal is necessary for a mechanistic understanding of the consequences
 of climate change and habitat fragmentation. In particular, the flight of
 ectothermic insects such as small butterflies is greatly influenced by
 ambient temperature. Here, variation in body temperature during flight is
 investigated in an ecological model species, the Glanville fritillary
 butterfly (Melitaea cinxia). Attention is paid on the effects of flight
 metabolism, genotypes at candidate loci, and environmental conditions.
 Measurements were made under a natural range of conditions using infrared
 thermal imaging. Heating of flight muscles by flight metabolism has been
 presumed to be negligible in small butterflies. However, the results
 demonstrate that Glanville fritillary males with high flight metabolic
 rate maintain elevated body temperature better during flight than males
 with a low rate of flight metabolism. This effect is likely to have a
 significant influence on the dispersal performance and fitness of
 butterflies and demonstrates the possible importance of intraspecific
 physiological variation on dispersal in other similar ectothermic insects.
 The results also suggest that individuals having an advantage in low
 ambient temperatures can be susceptible to overheating at high
 temperatures. Further, tolerance of high temperatures may be important for
 flight performance, as indicated by an association of heat-shock protein
 (Hsp70) genotype with flight metabolic rate and body temperature at
 takeoff. The dynamics of body temperature at flight and factors affecting
 it also differed significantly between female and male butterflies,
 indicating that thermal dynamics are governed by different mechanisms in
 the two sexes. This study contributes to knowledge about factors affecting
 intraspecific variation in dispersal-related thermal performance in
 butterflies and other insects. Such information is needed for predictive
 models of the evolution of dispersal in the face of habitat fragmentation
 and climate change.
description: Data_Thermal biology of
 flight in a butterfly_Ecology and Evolution 2015Data from: Thermal
 biology of flight in a butterfly: genotype, flight metabolism and
 environmental conditions, Mattila, Anniina L. K., Ecology and Evolution,
 2015. Data includes butterfly flight metabolic rate data, butterfly body
 temperature data measured in semi-natural conditions (on two occasions for
 each individual; denoted by flight1 and flight2), data on environmental
 conditions during body temperature measurements, and genotype data at
 candidate gene loci. Experiments were made with field-collected, common
 garden-reared Glanville fritillary (Melitaea cinxia)
 butterflies.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.c3m8v25
title: Data from: Blue Carbon stocks of Great Barrier Reef deep-water seagrasses

description: Shallow-water seagrasses capture and store globally-significant quantities
 of organic carbon (OC), often referred to as ‘Blue Carbon’; however, data
 is lacking on the importance of deep-water (&gt;15 m) seagrasses as
 Blue Carbon sinks. We compared OC stocks from deep-, mid- and
 shallow-water seagrasses at Lizard Island within the Great Barrier Reef
 Lagoon. We found deep-water seagrasses (Halophila species) contained
 similar levels of OC as shallow-water species (e.g Halodule uninervis)
 (0.64 ± 0.08% and 0.9 ± 0.1 mg C cm3, 0.87 ± 0.19% and 1.3 ± 0.3 mg C cm3,
 respectively), despite being much sparser and smaller in stature.
 Deep-water seagrasses sediments contained significantly higher levels
 (~9-fold) of OC than surrounding bare areas. Inorganic carbon (CaCO3)
 levels were relatively high in deep-water seagrass sediments (8.2 ± 0.4%),
 and if precipitated from epiphytes within the meadow, could offset the
 potential CO2-sink capacity of these meadows. The δ13C signatures of
 sediment samples varied among depths and habitats (-10.9 and -17.0),
 reflecting contributions from autochthonous and allochthonous sources. If
 the OC stocks reported in this study are similar to deep-water Halophila
 meadows elsewhere within the GBR lagoon (total area 31,000 km2), then OC
 bound within this system is roughly estimated at 27.4 million tonnes. The
 dataset published in Dryad Digital Repository (doi:10.5061/dryad.kj239),
 has been updated with the corrected data values for mg Corg cm−3.
description: York_Macreadie_and
 Rasheed_2018_Lizard_Island_Blue_Carbon_Data_Biology Letters
 Site Coordinates
 and habitat descriptiption Carbon stocks, Organic carbon, Inorganic Carbon
 and Delta13 Carbon Isotope signatures from sediment cores collected at
 Lizard Island in areas covered by seagrass and bare sediment in September
 2014.  
description: Please use the corrected data set file:
 York_Macreadie_and
 Rasheed_2018_Lizard_Island_Blue_Carbon_Corrected_Data_Biology
 Letters
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.m2f45
title: Data from: Detrimental effects of an autosomal selfish genetic element on sperm competitiveness in house mice

description: Female multiple mating (polyandry) is widespread across many animal taxa
 and indirect genetic benefits are a major evolutionary force favouring
 polyandry. An incentive for polyandry arises when multiple mating leads to
 sperm competition that disadvantages sperm from genetically inferior
 mates. A reduction in genetic quality is associated with costly selfish
 genetic elements (SGEs), and studies in invertebrates have shown that
 males bearing sex ratio distorting SGEs are worse sperm competitors than
 wild-type males. We used a vertebrate model species to test whether
 females can avoid an autosomal SGE, the t haplotype, through polyandry.
 The t haplotype in house mice exhibits strong drive in t heterozygous
 males by affecting spermatogenesis and is associated with homozygous in
 utero lethality. We used controlled matings to test the effect of the t
 haplotype on sperm competitiveness. Regardless of mating order, t
 heterozygous males sired only 11% of zygotes when competing against
 wild-type males, suggesting a very strong effect of the t haplotype on
 sperm quality. We provide, to our knowledge, the first substantial
 evidence that polyandry ameliorates the harmful effects of an autosomal
 SGE arising through genetic incompatibility. We discuss potential
 mechanisms in our study species and the broader implications for the
 benefits of polyandry.
description: +/t paternity share and
 male reproductive organsdetails on sperm
 competition trials (body weight, genotypes, paternity share, embryo
 viability) and on post mortem measurements of male reproductive
 organsSutter&Lindholm_thaplotype_dryad.xlsx