DOI: 10.5061/dryad.f4qrfj75s
title: Data from: Mitigating acid sulfate soil development in sediment addition projects through application of sediment amendments

description: Sediment addition is an increasingly common strategy to promote coastal
 resilience where sediment is added to salt marsh surfaces to increase
 elevation and prevent marsh loss. Added sediments are typically dredged
 materials from marine environments that may become acidic when exposed to
 air because of their high reduced sulfide levels, known as potential acid
 sulfate soils (PASS). Low soil pH inhibits plant growth and can delay
 ecosystem recovery after sediment addition. We used a laboratory soil core
 experiment to evaluate how a range of amendments altered pH (mulch,
 crushed shells, pelletized lime, and recycled concrete), and a field study
 to examine the effects of recycled concrete. We found both shells (7.46 ±
 0.22; mean ± std dev) and concrete (laboratory: 8.24 ± 0.32; field: 8.15 ±
 0.55) increased pH relative to adding unamended sediment (laboratory: 7.33
 ± 0.35; field: 7.21 ± 0.45). Environmental context is likely important for
 sediment additions and even PASS may not become acidic in flooded, low
 marsh environments. Under more oxidized conditions, particularly in
 higher-elevation marsh or when deeper layers of sediment are added,
 recycled concrete or crushed shells are potential amendments to neutralize
 acidity. Sediment amendments may also affect other ecosystem responses,
 including water chemistry and greenhouse gas emissions. We found that
 concrete amendments lowered ferrous iron concentrations and decreased
 carbon dioxide emissions compared to adding unamended sediment. Additional
 testing of amendments under diverse environmental conditions and at field
 scales would further our understanding of the effectiveness and
 feasibility of amending soils during sediment additions.
description: <strong>LabExperimentData</strong>
 The lab experiment data csv contains the data used for the
 analysis of a soil core experiment conducted at the Center for
 Environmental Science and Engineering, Storrs CT in the fall of 2021. The
 experiment tested the efficacy of recycled concrete, crushed shells,
 pelletized lime, and mulch as soil amendments to increase pH for sediment
 addition projects where acid sulfate soils are a concern. The dredge
 treatment had no added amendment, and acted as a control of sediment
 amendments, and the control treatment had no added amendment or sediment
 and acted as a control of sediment addition, and amendments.
 There were 42 soil cores total, 7 replicates of each
 treatment/control.
 <strong>FieldExperimentData</strong>
 The field experiment data csv contains the data used for the
 analysis of a modified bucket experiment installed at Great Meadows Marsh,
 Stratford CT May 2022-November 2023. The experiment tested the efficacy of
 crushed recycled concrete as a soil amendment to increase pH for sediment
 addition projects where acid sulfate soils are a concern. The dredge
 treatment had no added amendment, and acted as the control.
 There were 10 buckets total, 5 of each treatment/control, spaced
 half a meter apart adjacent to a tidal creek.
description: # Data from: Mitigating acid sulfate soil development in sediment addition
 projects through application of sediment amendments
 [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.f4qrfj75s](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.f4qrfj75s) NA values were left blank in the csv files, and import into RStudio as NAs. ## Description of the data and file structure ### Files and variables #### File: LabExperimentData.csv **Description:** In the csv file there are 11 columns, described below ##### Core\_Lysimeter -  The core replicate, and the lysimeter level. Date – The date the sample was taken Week – The week of the experiment. Lysimeter – Identifies of the sample came from the upper or lower lysimeter, where 1 is the upper lysimeter in the added sediment, and 2 is the lower lysimeter in the native sediment Core_Number – The name of each core, where RC stands for Concrete, D for Dredge, CS for crushed shells, I for mulch, C for control, and L for pelletized lime. Numbers 1-7 represent the replicate number. Treatment – The treatment the sample was taken from. pH – The pH of the sample, analyzed using a benchtop pH met Ferrous_Iron – The concentration of Ferrous Iron in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.02032309. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit. Test.name - The name of the test conducted in the Thermofisher GalleryPlus. C_H4 -  The flux of methane in µmol m-2 s-1 coming from the core measured using a Picarro on 10/13/2021 CO2 – The flux of carbon dioxide in µmol m-2 s-1 coming from the core measured using a Picarro 10/13/2021File: FieldExperimentData.csv #### File: FieldExperimentData.csv **Description:** In the csv file there are 22 columns, described below. ##### Variables Vial – The name of the vessel the water was collected, transported and stored in. Month – The month the sample was taken Day – The day the sample was taken Year – The year the sample was taken Analyte – The analysis of interest for the sample Bucket-Date – A unique identifier that specifies the bucket replicate, and date the sample was taken at that bucket. Bucket – The name of each bucket, where C stands for Concrete, D for Dredge, and numbers 1-5 represent the replicate number. Treatment – The treatment in the bucket, where C stands for Concrete, and D for Dredge. Number – The replicate number of the bucket. Lysimeter_Pushpoint – Identifies the sampling method, where 1 is a lysimeter in the upper horizon, and 2 is a pushpoint sampler. Notes – Any relevant comments for the sample/bucket. pH – The pH of the sample, analyzed using a benchtop pH meter. Date -  The date the sample was taken Result_unit – The unit for the analyte of interest, if relevant TON_EnZ – The total nitrate in the sample using an enzymatic method with theThermoFisher GalleryPlus. The maximum detection limit was 0.018725 mg/L in 2022 and anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit. We did not run for nitrate in 2023 because everything was at or below detection in 2022. Test_Name – The name of the test conducted in the Thermofisher GalleryPlus. Ammonium_mgL – The concentration of ammonium in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.022565589 mg/L in 2022 and 0.02330481 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit. FerrousFe_mgL - The concentration of Ferrous Iron in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.04876027  mg/L in 2022 and 0.03023354 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit. Sulfide_mgL - The concentration of sulfide  in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.0339 mg/L in 2022 and 0.0339 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit. Phophate_mgL - The concentration of phosphate in the sample using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. The maximum detection limit was 0.004471 mg/L in 2022 and 0.005282 mg/L in 2023. Anything at or below detection was set to ½ the detection limit. Cond_37C – The conductivity of the sample, using the ThermoFisher Gallery Plus. BucketYear -  The bucket number and year. ## Code/software No software is needed to view the data. Statistical analyses for the manuscript were performed in R version 4.3.2 (R Core Team 2023). ## Access information Other publicly accessible locations of the data: * N/A Data was derived from the following sources: * N/A