cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.rf524vv
title: Data from: Corollary discharge in precerebellar nuclei of sleeping infant rats

description: In week-old rats, somatosensory input arises predominantly from external
 stimuli or from sensory feedback (reafference) associated with myoclonic
 twitches during active sleep. A previous study suggested that the
 brainstem motor structures that produce twitches also send motor copies
 (or corollary discharge, CD) to the cerebellum. We tested this possibility
 by recording from two precerebellar nuclei—the inferior olive (IO) and
 lateral reticular nucleus (LRN). In most IO and LRN neurons,
 twitch-related activity peaked sharply around twitch onset, consistent
 with CD. Next, we identified twitch-production areas in the midbrain that
 project independently to the IO and LRN. Finally, we blocked
 calcium-activated slow potassium (SK) channels in the IO to explain how
 broadly tuned brainstem motor signals can be transformed into precise CD
 signals. We conclude that the precerebellar nuclei convey a diversity of
 sleep-related neural activity to the developing cerebellum to enable
 processing of convergent input from CD and reafferent signals.
description: IO neurons exhibit sharp
 activity peaks at twitch onsetSee Read Me
 FileIO.zipLRN neurons exhibit two kinds of twitch-related activitySee Read Me fileLRN.zipMDJRole of slow-potassium (SK) channels in sharp peak of inferior olive activitySee Read Me fileSK Channel.zip
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.237hs
title: Data from: Eco-evolutionary dynamics in urbanized landscapes: evolution, species sorting and the change in zooplankton body size along urbanization gradients

description: Urbanization causes both changes in community composition and evolutionary
 responses, but most studies focus on these responses in isolation. We
 performed an integrated analysis assessing the relative contribution of
 intra- and interspecific trait turnover to the observed change in
 zooplankton community body size in 83 cladoceran communities along
 urbanization gradients quantified at seven spatial scales (50–3200 m
 radii). We also performed a quantitative genetic analysis on 12 Daphnia
 magna populations along the same urbanization gradient. Body size in
 zooplankton communities generally declined with increasing urbanization,
 but the opposite was observed for communities dominated by large species.
 The contribution of intraspecific trait variation to community body size
 turnover with urbanization strongly varied with the spatial scale
 considered, and was highest for communities dominated by large cladoceran
 species and at intermediate spatial scales. Genotypic size at maturity was
 smaller for urban than for rural D. magna populations and for animals
 cultured at 24°C compared with 20°C. While local genetic adaptation likely
 contributed to the persistence of D. magna in the urban heat islands,
 buffering for the phenotypic shift to larger body sizes with increasing
 urbanization, community body size turnover was mainly driven by
 non-genetic intraspecific trait change.
description: Brans_etal_PhilTransB_EcoEvoUrbanLandscapes_dataData1: Body size data on all species present in the communities sampled along the urbanization gradient. Data2: Relative abundances of all species present in the communities sampled along the urbanization gradient. Data3: GBG values for all ponds, indicating the percentage built-up area and thus the degree of urbanization. Data4: Experimental genotypic size at maturity data of Daphnia magna reared at two different temperatures (20°C and 24°C). Data5: Adult field body size data of Daphnia magna to extend estimations in the GTV analyses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dv5k7p2
title: Data from: Red and orange flags for secondary headaches in clinical practice: SNNOOP10 list

description: A minority of headache patients have a secondary headache disorder. The
 medical literature presents and promotes red flags to increase the
 likelihood of identifying a secondary etiology. In this review, we aim to
 discuss the incidence and prevalence of secondary headaches as well as the
 data on sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value of red flags for
 secondary headaches. We review the following red flags: (1) systemic
 symptoms including fever; (2) neoplasm history; (3) neurologic deficit
 (including decreased consciousness); (4) sudden or abrupt onset; (5) older
 age (onset after 65 years); (6) pattern change or recent onset of new
 headache; (7) positional headache; (8) precipitated by sneezing, coughing,
 or exercise; (9) papilledema; (10) progressive headache and atypical
 presentations; (11) pregnancy or puerperium; (12) painful eye with
 autonomic features; (13) posttraumatic onset of headache; (14) pathology
 of the immune system such as HIV; (15) painkiller overuse or new drug at
 onset of headache. Using the systematic SNNOOP10 list to screen new
 headache patients will presumably increase the likelihood of detecting a
 secondary cause. The lack of prospective epidemiologic studies on red
 flags and the low incidence of many secondary headaches leave many
 questions unanswered and call for large prospective studies. A validated
 screening tool could reduce unneeded neuroimaging and costs.
description: References
 60-131References
 60-131dryad_new.docx
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.nb35n
title: Data from: Differential gene expression in Acromyrmex leaf-cutting ants after challenges with two fungal pathogens

description: Social insects in general and leaf-cutting ants in particular have
 increased selection pressures on their innate immune system due to their
 social lifestyle and monoclonality of the symbiotic fungal cultivar. As
 this symbiosis is obligate for both parties, prophylactic behavioural
 defences against infections are expected to increase either ant survival
 or fungus-garden survival, but also to possibly trade off when specific
 infections differ in potential danger. We examined the effectiveness of
 prophylactic behaviours and modulations of innate immune defences by a
 combination of inoculation bioassays and genome-wide transcriptomic
 studies (RNA-Seq), using an ant pathogen (Metarhizium brunneum) and a
 fungus-garden pathogen (Escovopsis weberi) and administering inoculations
 both directly and indirectly (via the symbiotic partner). Upon detection
 of pathogen conidia, ant workers responded by increasing both general
 activity and the frequency of specific defence behaviours (self-grooming,
 allo-grooming, garden-grooming) independent of the pathogen encountered.
 This trend was also evident in the patterns of gene expression change.
 Both direct and indirect (via fungus garden) inoculations with Metarhizium
 induced a general up-regulation of gene expression, including a number of
 well-known immune-related genes. In contrast, direct inoculation of the
 fungus garden by Escovopsis induced an overall down-regulation of ant gene
 expression, whereas indirect inoculation (via the ants) did not,
 suggesting that increased activity of ants to remove this fungus-garden
 pathogen is costly and involves trade-offs with the activation of other
 physiological pathways.
description: Behavioural and
 Mortality DataData on occurence of
 behavioural tasks, mortality rates and sporulation frequencies of
 Acromyrmex echinatior ants infected directly with Escovopsis (EwAnts) or
 Metarhizium (MbAnts) or indirectly through infection of the fungus garden
 (EwFungus and MbFungus respectively).RNA-Seq raw
 data.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3t30n
title: Data from: The effect of Wolbachia on the lifetime reproductive success of its insect host in the field

description: Wolbachia is a widespread endosymbiont that induces dramatic manipulations
 of its host's reproduction. Although there has been substantial
 progress in the developing theory for Wolbachia–host interactions and in
 measuring the effects of Wolbachia on host fitness in the laboratory,
 there is a widely recognized need to quantify the effects of Wolbachia on
 the host fitness in the field. The wasp Anagrus sophiae, an egg parasitoid
 of planthoppers, carries a Wolbachia strain that induces parthenogenesis,
 but its effects on the fitness of its Anagrus host are unknown. We
 developed a method to estimate the realized lifetime reproductive success
 of female wasps by collecting them soon after they die naturally in the
 field, counting the number of eggs remaining in their ovaries and
 quantifying Wolbachia density in their body. We sampled from a highly
 infected A. sophiae population and found no evidence for Wolbachia
 virulence and possible evidence for positive effects of Wolbachia on
 realized reproductive success.
description: Segoli & Rosenheim
 2013Data for egg loads of
 newly emerged females collected as pupae from the field (potential
 fitness), estimated number of eggs laid by females collected dead from the
 field (realized fitness), hind tibia length, and relative Wolbachia
 density in the body individual females (estimated as
 -ddCt).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.db1n0
title: Data from: Sex and hibernaculum temperature predict survivorship in white-nose syndrome affected little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus)

description: White-nose syndrome (WNS), an emerging infectious disease caused by the
 novel fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has devastated North American
 bat populations since its discovery in 2006. The little brown myotis,
 Myotis lucifugus, has been especially affected. The goal of this 2-year
 captive study was to determine the impact of hibernacula temperature and
 sex on WNS survivorship in little brown myotis that displayed visible
 fungal infection when collected from affected hibernacula. In study 1, we
 found that WNS-affected male bats had increased survival over females and
 that bats housed at a colder temperature survived longer than those housed
 at warmer temperatures. In study 2, we found that WNS-affected bats housed
 at a colder temperature fared worse than unaffected bats. Our results
 demonstrate that WNS mortality varies among individuals, and that colder
 hibernacula are more favourable for survival. They also suggest that
 female bats may be more negatively affected by WNS than male bats, which
 has important implications for the long-term survival of the little brown
 myotis in eastern North America.
description: Greineisen et al RSOS
 datafordryadThis is an excel file
 with three worksheets: A Read Me tab, a Study 1 tab, a Study 2
 tab
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gq396gt1
title: Data from: Comparison of the reproductive biology of hole-nesting passerines breeding in oak and spruce forest on Velký Kosíř hill nearby Prostějov

description: Avian breeding densities are often considered to be suitable proxies of
 habitat quality. However, this simple method to estimation of habitat
 quality has some shortcomings. Better than simply relying on breeding
 densities it is to consider also survival and reproductive success of
 birds inhabiting respective habitats. Here we compared the proportion of
 occupied nest-boxes and reproductive success of birds between two
 contrasting environments – deciduous (Quercus petraea) and coniferous
 (Picea abies) forests. Proportion of occupied nest-boxes was larger in the
 oak forest. Here also the two most frequent breeders, the great tit (Parus
 major) and the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis), started to breed
 earlier in the season. The great tit had also larger clutches and breeding
 success in the oak forest. However, they laid second clutches more
 frequently in the spruce forest. This study offers only weak conclusions
 about quality of the two habitats. Further studies would benefit from
 space replicates and long-term monitoring of both adult and offspring
 survival.
description: dataset
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qp85g
title: Data from: Mitochondrial haplotypes indicate parapatric-like phylogeographic structure in blue-spotted maskray (Neotrygon kuhlii) from the Coral Triangle region

description: Phylogeographic structure was investigated in the blue-spotted maskray,
 Neotrygon kuhlii, focusing on the Coral Triangle region. We used as
 genetic marker a 519-bp fragment of the cytochrome c-oxidase subunit I
 (COI) gene, sequenced in a total of 147 individuals from 26 sampling
 locations. The parsimony network of COI haplotypes was split into seven
 distinct clades within the Coral Triangle region. Different clades had
 exclusive but contiguous geographic distributions, indicating
 parapatric-like phylogeographic structure. Strong genetic differences were
 also inferred between local populations within a clade, where reciprocal
 monophyly between geographically adjacent samples was observed on several
 instances. Nearly 25% of the total molecular variance could be ascribed to
 differences between geographic samples within a clade, whereas interclade
 variation accounted for &gt;65% of the total variance. The strong
 phylogeographic structure observed within a clade can be explained by
 either sedentarity or female philopatry. We interpret the parapatric
 distribution of clades as the joint result of 1) expansion from refuge
 populations at times of low sea level, and 2) possible enhanced
 competition between individuals from different clades, or assortative
 mating, or hybrid zones, along lines of secondary contact. The
 parapatric-like structure uncovered in the present study parallels
 regional differences at nuclear marker loci, thus pointing to incipient
 speciation within Coral Triangle N. kuhlii.
description: JOH-2013-065-R2 data for
 DryadBlue-spotted maskray,
 Neotrygon kuhlii. Sampling details, sex and size of specimens, museum
 cllection nos. (MZB: Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Cibinong, Indonesia),
 and GenBank accession nos. to partial COI gene sequences Microsoft Excel
 file
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.6p566
title: Data from: Marine fouling assemblages on offshore gas platforms in the southern North Sea: effects of depth and distance from shore on biodiversity

description: Offshore platforms are known to act as artificial reefs, though there is
 on-going debate on whether this effect is beneficial or harmful for the
 life in the surrounding marine environment. Knowing what species exist on
 and around the offshore platforms and what environmental variables
 influence this species assemblage is crucial for a better understanding of
 the impact of offshore platforms on marine life. Information on this is
 limited for offshore platforms in the southern North Sea. This study aims
 to fill this gap in our knowledge and to determine how the composition and
 the abundance of species assemblages changes with depth and along a
 distance-from-shore gradient. The species assemblages on five offshore gas
 platforms in the southern North Sea have been inventoried using Remotely
 Operated Vehicles inspection footage. A total of 30 taxa were identified.
 A Generalised Additive Model of the species richness showed a significant
 non-linear relation with water depth (p = 0.001): from a low richness in
 shallow waters it increases with depth until 15–20 m, after which richness
 decreases again. Using PERMANOVA, water depth (p≤0.001), community age
 (p≤0.001) and the interaction between distance from shore and community
 age (p≤0.001) showed a significant effect on the species assemblages.
 Future research should focus on the effect additional environmental
 variables have on the species assemblages.
description: Data from Marine fouling
 assemblages on offshore gas platforms in the southern North
 SeaThis data was collected
 to determine whether the composition and the abundance of species
 assemblages changes with depth and along a distance from shore gradient.
 The species assemblage on offshore gas platforms in the Dutch part of the
 North Sea was inventoried using ROV inspection footage. The dataset
 contains observations of 11 species on 5 of these
 platforms.DATASET Data from Marine
 fouling assemblages on offshore gas platforms in the southern North
 Sea.csv
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.g977f
title: Data from: Voluntary food sharing in pinyon jays: the role of reciprocity and dominance

description: Food sharing offers a clear example of prosocial behaviour, in which one
 individual's actions benefit another. Researchers have proposed a
 range of hypotheses that explain why food sharing may occur among
 unrelated individuals. Two such hypotheses, reciprocity and dominance,
 have been tested in many species, including fish, corvids, rats, bats and
 primates, showing that (1) recipients sometimes reciprocate sharing back
 to previous donors and (2) dominant individuals share more than
 subordinates. Although primates dominate the study of prosocial behaviour,
 active donation of food is actually quite rare in primates. In contrast,
 several corvid species spontaneously share food much more frequently.
 Here, we explored the role of reciprocity and dominance in spontaneous
 food sharing among male pinyon jays, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus, a North
 American corvid species that exhibits high levels of social complexity.
 Unlike much of the previous work, we tested prosocial behaviour among
 unrelated, non-pair-bonded adults. We observed high levels of active
 sharing, and donors showed clear preferences with whom they shared. We
 found no evidence that pinyon jays reciprocated shares in either the short
 or long term. This was true for both sharing within dyads (direct
 reciprocity) and sharing irrespective of most recent partner identity
 (generalized reciprocity). However, dominance influenced sharing in one of
 our squads, with dominant individuals sharing more than subordinates. This
 study highlights corvids as a fruitful model for the study of the
 proximate mechanisms underlying naturally occurring prosocial behaviours.
description: duque_stevensThis zip file includes data files, an R script, and a README file to analyze pinyon jay food sharing data.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cg5vp
title: Data from: Does white tail patch size indicate quality in male Cerulean Warblers (Setophaga cerulea)

description: Within species of birds, variation in plumage may allow potential mates or
 competitive rivals to quickly assess the quality of an individual. Little
 is known about the role of white tail feather patches (“tail white”) in
 male Cerulean Warblers (Setophaga cerulea) and whether variation in patch
 size could serve as a signal. We hypothesized that the size of tail white
 patches in males acts as an honest signal of quality, with larger white
 patches indicating high quality males. We measured and compared the area
 of tail white to four estimates of quality (age, structural size, body
 mass, and blood parasite load) in 71 male Cerulean Warblers at the Queen’s
 University Biological Station in eastern Ontario. We found that males 2
 years old or older had significantly larger tail white patches than 1 year
 old males, and that structurally larger males (estimated by wing length)
 had significantly larger tail white patches than smaller males. Our
 best-performing statistical model suggested that heavier individuals had
 larger areas of tail white, but this relationship depended on wing length:
 white positively covaried with body mass in smaller individuals (shorter
 wings), but not in larger individuals. Our findings suggest that size of
 tail white patches may provide information on some, but not all, aspects
 of quality of male Cerulean Warblers; however, we do not know if this
 information is perceived and used by other Cerulean Warblers in nature.
description: Purves_main
 dataMain data file for
 Purves et al. Does white tail patch size indicate quality in male Cerulean
 Warblers (Setophaga cerulea)?Purves_24 male
 subsetTail white data for
 subsample of 24 males.Purves_museum
 dataData from Royal Ontario
 Museum specimens for right and left tail white
 comparison.Purves_parasitemia
 dataData for parasitemia
 repeatability calculation.Purves_R
 codeR
 code for main analyses.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dg261
title: Data from: Causes of male sexual trait divergence in introduced populations of guppies

description: Males from different populations of the same species often differ in their
 sexually selected traits. Variation in sexually selected traits can be
 attributed to sexual selection if phenotypic divergence matches the
 direction of sexual selection gradients among populations. However,
 phenotypic divergence of sexually selected traits may also be influenced
 by other factors, such as natural selection and genetic constraints. Here,
 we document differences in male sexual traits among six introduced
 Australian populations of guppies and untangle the forces driving
 divergence in these sexually selected traits. Using an experimental
 approach, we found that male size, area of orange coloration, number of
 sperm per ejaculate and linear sexual selection gradients for male traits
 differed among populations. Within populations, a large mismatch between
 the direction of selection and male traits suggests that constraints may
 be important in preventing male traits from evolving in the direction of
 selection. Among populations, however, variation in sexual selection
 explained more than half of the differences in trait variation, suggesting
 that, despite within-population constraints, sexual selection has
 contributed to population divergence of male traits. Differences in sexual
 traits were also associated with predation risk and neutral genetic
 distance. Our study highlights the importance of sexual selection in trait
 divergence in introduced populations, despite the presence of constraining
 factors such as predation risk and evolutionary history.
description: guppymain data file
 containing ornamental and fitness traits for all males from all trials
 from the six introduced Australian populations of
 guppiestrait
 meansfile containing the
 ornamental trait meansselection
 gradientsgeographic
 coordinatesgenetic
 data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.dk5dm
title: Data from: Bias associated with the detectability of the coral-eating pest crown-of-thorns seastar and implications for reef management

description: Outbreaks of the predator crown-of-thorns seastar (COTS) Acanthaster
 planci cause widespread coral mortality across the Indo-Pacific. Like many
 marine invertebrates, COTS is a nocturnal species whose cryptic behaviour
 during the day can affect its detectability, particularly in structurally
 complex reef habitats that provide many refuges for benthic creatures. We
 performed extensive day and night surveys of COTS populations in coral
 reef habitats showing differing levels of structural complexity and COTS
 abundance. We tested whether estimations of COTS density varied between
 day and night observations, and if the differences were related to changes
 in COTS abundance, reef structural complexity, and the spatial scale of
 observation. Estimations of COTS density were on average 27% higher at
 night than during the day. Differences in COTS detection varied with
 changing seastar abundance but not reef structural complexity or scale of
 observation. Underestimation of COTS abundance in daytime was significant
 for a broad seastar density range, thus potentially affecting most
 outbreak events. Our study suggests that portions of COTS populations can
 be undetected during conventional surveys and control campaigns, which are
 exclusively conducted by day, and significantly affect the trajectory of
 coral reefs. Accounting for bias in COTS detection can strengthen coral
 reef management broadly.
description: Data COTS density &
 reef substrate rugosityField surveys of
 crown-of-thorns seastar (COTS) population densities on 9 reef locations
 around Moorea, French Polynesia. Paired day and night surveys were
 performed every 6 months in triplicate 200m2 permanent-transects over a 2
 year period. Reef substrate rugosity was also
 quantified.Data COTS density DayVsNight -
 Kayal etal.xlsx