cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861307.v1
title: Surface drainage in leveled land: Implication of slope

description: ABSTRACT In the lowlands of Rio Grande do Sul, land leveling is mostly carried out with no slope for the purpose of rice production. In this environment, soils with a low hydraulic conductivity are predominant owing to the presence of a practically impermeable B-horizon near the surface. Land leveling leads to soil accommodation resulting in the formation of depressions where water accumulates after heavy rainfalls, subsequently leading to problems with crops implanted in succession to rice, such as soybeans. The objective of this research was to quantify the areas and volumes of water accumulation in soil as a function of the slope of land leveling. Five typical leveled lowland areas were studied as a part of this research. The original areas presented slopes of 0, 0.20, 0.25, 0.28 and 0.40%, which were used to generate new digital elevation models with slopes between 0 and 0.5%. These newly generated digital models were used to map the depressions with surface water storage. In conclusion, land leveling with slopes higher than 0.1% is recommended to minimize problems with superficial water storage in rice fields.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861304
title: Marketable yield of onion under different irrigation depths, with and without mulch

description: ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to obtain the onion crop coefficients and evaluate the influence of different irrigation depths (0, 22, 45, 75 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration) on marketable yield and quality of onion bulbs cultivated with and without mulch of elephant grass. The experiment was carried out in Seropédica, RJ, Brazil, from May to September 2012, in a Red Yellow Argisol. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in split plots, with 10 treatments and seven replicates. Irrigation management was performed through soil water balance using the Time Domain Reflectometry technique, with probes installed horizontally at 7.5 and 22.5 cm depths. The use of mulch allowed the application of smaller irrigation depths, leading to lower crop coefficient (18% in stage II and 3% in stage III) in comparison to the crop without mulch. Irrigation depths associated with the use of mulch influenced the evaluated production variables, proving to be an alternative to increase marketable yield and quality of onion bulbs, with lower irrigation depth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861304.v1
title: Marketable yield of onion under different irrigation depths, with and without mulch

description: ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to obtain the onion crop coefficients and evaluate the influence of different irrigation depths (0, 22, 45, 75 and 100% of crop evapotranspiration) on marketable yield and quality of onion bulbs cultivated with and without mulch of elephant grass. The experiment was carried out in Seropédica, RJ, Brazil, from May to September 2012, in a Red Yellow Argisol. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in split plots, with 10 treatments and seven replicates. Irrigation management was performed through soil water balance using the Time Domain Reflectometry technique, with probes installed horizontally at 7.5 and 22.5 cm depths. The use of mulch allowed the application of smaller irrigation depths, leading to lower crop coefficient (18% in stage II and 3% in stage III) in comparison to the crop without mulch. Irrigation depths associated with the use of mulch influenced the evaluated production variables, proving to be an alternative to increase marketable yield and quality of onion bulbs, with lower irrigation depth.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861298
title: FUNCTIONING DYNAMICS AND CONTROL OF POWER IN POLITICAL PARTIES: THE CASES OF PT AND PSDB IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO

description: This article’s objective was to investigate the organizational development and internal functioning of the Workers’ Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) and of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira, PSDB) at subnational level, namely in the state of São Paulo, where both had social prominence and strong electoral performance from 1994 to 2016. Based on the model by Panebianco (2005), we interviewed party leaders of the state of São Paulo, and we stated that both parties are organizations oriented primarily toward the control of state power (i.e., government), combining ample ideological-pragmatic discourses, candidate selection mechanisms, and the management of resources and territory distribution focusing on respective state directories, in addition to (distinct) strategies of mobilization and participation of its aligned sections of society. However, although Panebianco’s concept of genetic model adequately explains the organizational differences between PSDB (closer to the social-liberal model of management style) and PT (closer to the social-democratic model of participative style), it does not explain the great difference in electoral performance among them. We suppose that PSDB’s dominance during those twenty years can be explained, at least partially, by the combination of genetic model (social-liberal) and coalition type (cohesive-stable), which led us to the hypothesis – to be tested in another research project – that this party’s potential constituency is greater than PT’s because it gathers a wide and growing middle class of conservative character, in both the rich countryside and the metropolitan area of São Paulo.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861298.v1
title: FUNCTIONING DYNAMICS AND CONTROL OF POWER IN POLITICAL PARTIES: THE CASES OF PT AND PSDB IN THE STATE OF SÃO PAULO

description: This article’s objective was to investigate the organizational development and internal functioning of the Workers’ Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) and of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira, PSDB) at subnational level, namely in the state of São Paulo, where both had social prominence and strong electoral performance from 1994 to 2016. Based on the model by Panebianco (2005), we interviewed party leaders of the state of São Paulo, and we stated that both parties are organizations oriented primarily toward the control of state power (i.e., government), combining ample ideological-pragmatic discourses, candidate selection mechanisms, and the management of resources and territory distribution focusing on respective state directories, in addition to (distinct) strategies of mobilization and participation of its aligned sections of society. However, although Panebianco’s concept of genetic model adequately explains the organizational differences between PSDB (closer to the social-liberal model of management style) and PT (closer to the social-democratic model of participative style), it does not explain the great difference in electoral performance among them. We suppose that PSDB’s dominance during those twenty years can be explained, at least partially, by the combination of genetic model (social-liberal) and coalition type (cohesive-stable), which led us to the hypothesis – to be tested in another research project – that this party’s potential constituency is greater than PT’s because it gathers a wide and growing middle class of conservative character, in both the rich countryside and the metropolitan area of São Paulo.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861292
title: Heterosis and combining ability in bell pepper lines with resistance to multiple pathogens

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop bell pepper hybrids with resistance to multiple pathogens and make inferences in regard to components of heterosis in hybrids obtained from lines presumed to be resistant to Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV), Phytophthora capsici, or Meloidogyne incognita. The studies were carried out in a greenhouse. We used ten lines, thirty experimental hybrids, and seven controls (Konan-R, Magali-R, Martha-R, Stephany, Mallorca, Magnata Super, and Criollo de Morelos-334). For all experiments, a randomized block design was used with three replications (with plots composed of 16 plants). For evaluation of the reactions to P. capsici and to PepYMV, the percentages of asymptomatic plants were considered. For evaluation of the reactions to M. incognita, the reproduction index and the reproduction factor of the nematode were calculated. The additive gene effects were important for all the traits evaluated, and for percentage of plants resistant to PepYMV and P. capsici, the non-additive effects were also important. The alleles that control resistance to PepYMV, to P. capsici, and to M. incognita have a degree of dominance near 1, in absolute value, which indicates a favorable situation for obtaining hybrids that accumulate multiple resistance to these pathogens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861292.v1
title: Heterosis and combining ability in bell pepper lines with resistance to multiple pathogens

description: ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop bell pepper hybrids with resistance to multiple pathogens and make inferences in regard to components of heterosis in hybrids obtained from lines presumed to be resistant to Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV), Phytophthora capsici, or Meloidogyne incognita. The studies were carried out in a greenhouse. We used ten lines, thirty experimental hybrids, and seven controls (Konan-R, Magali-R, Martha-R, Stephany, Mallorca, Magnata Super, and Criollo de Morelos-334). For all experiments, a randomized block design was used with three replications (with plots composed of 16 plants). For evaluation of the reactions to P. capsici and to PepYMV, the percentages of asymptomatic plants were considered. For evaluation of the reactions to M. incognita, the reproduction index and the reproduction factor of the nematode were calculated. The additive gene effects were important for all the traits evaluated, and for percentage of plants resistant to PepYMV and P. capsici, the non-additive effects were also important. The alleles that control resistance to PepYMV, to P. capsici, and to M. incognita have a degree of dominance near 1, in absolute value, which indicates a favorable situation for obtaining hybrids that accumulate multiple resistance to these pathogens.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861286
title: Electroflotation of precipitated phosphate from synthetic solution

description: ABSTRACT The phosphate recovery from a 20 mg L-1 Na2HPO4 solution through precipitation with Ca(OH)2 followed by electroflotation was evaluated. X-ray diffraction and particle size measurements indicated that the precipitates were a mixture of hydroxyapatite and calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite, with size ranging from 3 to 10 μm. Electroflotation with Na-oleate as surfactant was used to recover the precipitates. The surfactant adsorption was evaluated through zeta potential measurements. The influence of Na-oleate concentration, pH and bubble size on phosphate recovery was investigated. In the absence of Na-oleate, a phosphate recovery of 50% was achieved, while in the presence of 20 mg L-1 of Na-oleate it was increased to 90%, at pH 11. The phosphate recovery also increased with Ca(OH)2 concentration increase and bubble size decrease, reaching 100% at 300 mg L-1 Ca(OH)2 and bubble size around 39 µm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861286.v1
title: Electroflotation of precipitated phosphate from synthetic solution

description: ABSTRACT The phosphate recovery from a 20 mg L-1 Na2HPO4 solution through precipitation with Ca(OH)2 followed by electroflotation was evaluated. X-ray diffraction and particle size measurements indicated that the precipitates were a mixture of hydroxyapatite and calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite, with size ranging from 3 to 10 μm. Electroflotation with Na-oleate as surfactant was used to recover the precipitates. The surfactant adsorption was evaluated through zeta potential measurements. The influence of Na-oleate concentration, pH and bubble size on phosphate recovery was investigated. In the absence of Na-oleate, a phosphate recovery of 50% was achieved, while in the presence of 20 mg L-1 of Na-oleate it was increased to 90%, at pH 11. The phosphate recovery also increased with Ca(OH)2 concentration increase and bubble size decrease, reaching 100% at 300 mg L-1 Ca(OH)2 and bubble size around 39 µm.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861280
title: Co-occurring morphologically distinct algae support a diverse associated fauna in the intertidal zone of Araçá Bay, Brazil

description: Abstract Species diversity is regulated by historical, neutral and niche processes, with species tolerance, dispersal and productivity guiding diversity at larger scales, while habitat heterogeneity and biotic interactions acts in smaller scales. In rocky shores, several organisms provide secondary substrates for mobile fauna, with macroalgae being the most abundant and diverse ones. The patchiness promoted by different macroalgae hosts enhances small-scale heterogeneity and may increase and maintain the diversity of the mobile organisms, since there is a close relationship between the associated fauna and its hosts. In this study we selected three morphologically different macroalgae that coexist in the same rocky shore height in the Araçá Bay, an area under the threat of the nearby harbor expansion, and evaluated the fauna associated to each algal host. Even under similar abiotic pressure (same rocky shore height), the associated fauna of each algal host varied in number and composition, revealing a close relationship. The poorly branched foliose Ulva lactuca sustained a lower density of organisms and was dominated by isopods, while the heavily branched turf and Bostrychietum community showed a high density of organisms, with a dominance of peracarid crustaceans and annelids on the turf and more resistant groups, such as bivalves, acaris and terrestrial insects on the Bostrychietum. Previous studies in the Araçá Bay already revealed a large spatial heterogeneity in the processes and sessile organisms distribution, and here we highlight that this heterogeneity can be observed in an even smaller scale, with different algal hosts mediating the turnover of species in a scale of centimeters and meters, resulting in diversity maintenance of the associated fauna. Since the harbor expansion may prevent the occurrence of macroalgae as a result of light limitation by suspended platforms, we may expect not only a decrease in algal cover but also in the total diversity of the associated fauna in the Araçá Bay.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861280.v1
title: Co-occurring morphologically distinct algae support a diverse associated fauna in the intertidal zone of Araçá Bay, Brazil

description: Abstract Species diversity is regulated by historical, neutral and niche processes, with species tolerance, dispersal and productivity guiding diversity at larger scales, while habitat heterogeneity and biotic interactions acts in smaller scales. In rocky shores, several organisms provide secondary substrates for mobile fauna, with macroalgae being the most abundant and diverse ones. The patchiness promoted by different macroalgae hosts enhances small-scale heterogeneity and may increase and maintain the diversity of the mobile organisms, since there is a close relationship between the associated fauna and its hosts. In this study we selected three morphologically different macroalgae that coexist in the same rocky shore height in the Araçá Bay, an area under the threat of the nearby harbor expansion, and evaluated the fauna associated to each algal host. Even under similar abiotic pressure (same rocky shore height), the associated fauna of each algal host varied in number and composition, revealing a close relationship. The poorly branched foliose Ulva lactuca sustained a lower density of organisms and was dominated by isopods, while the heavily branched turf and Bostrychietum community showed a high density of organisms, with a dominance of peracarid crustaceans and annelids on the turf and more resistant groups, such as bivalves, acaris and terrestrial insects on the Bostrychietum. Previous studies in the Araçá Bay already revealed a large spatial heterogeneity in the processes and sessile organisms distribution, and here we highlight that this heterogeneity can be observed in an even smaller scale, with different algal hosts mediating the turnover of species in a scale of centimeters and meters, resulting in diversity maintenance of the associated fauna. Since the harbor expansion may prevent the occurrence of macroalgae as a result of light limitation by suspended platforms, we may expect not only a decrease in algal cover but also in the total diversity of the associated fauna in the Araçá Bay.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861274
title: Evaluation of coal fly ash in cementitious matrices

description: Abstract The addition of ash, initially classified as waste in cement matrices, is essential to achieve the requirements of National Policy of Solid Waste. However, technologies that enable such applications should be sought, especially when the material has adequate pozzolanic activity. The aim of this study was to verify the pozzolanic activity of fly ash from coal burning, from the aluminum manufacturing process, such as mineral admixture in mortars and conventional concrete. For that, physicochemical characterization of the ash sample and the mechanical behavior of mix dosage of mortar and commercially used concrete tests were carried out. Results showed the ash in evaluation has pozzolanicity as relevant standards employed and when inserted in the studied cementitious matrices, showed the expected performance for this type of addition (higher mechanical strength at older ages).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861274.v1
title: Evaluation of coal fly ash in cementitious matrices

description: Abstract The addition of ash, initially classified as waste in cement matrices, is essential to achieve the requirements of National Policy of Solid Waste. However, technologies that enable such applications should be sought, especially when the material has adequate pozzolanic activity. The aim of this study was to verify the pozzolanic activity of fly ash from coal burning, from the aluminum manufacturing process, such as mineral admixture in mortars and conventional concrete. For that, physicochemical characterization of the ash sample and the mechanical behavior of mix dosage of mortar and commercially used concrete tests were carried out. Results showed the ash in evaluation has pozzolanicity as relevant standards employed and when inserted in the studied cementitious matrices, showed the expected performance for this type of addition (higher mechanical strength at older ages).
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861262
title: Characterization of Ectomycorrhizal species through molecular biology tools and morphotyping

description: ABSTRACT: Mycorrhizae are mutualistic associations between fungi and plant roots. These symbiotic associations are abundant and occur in 75 to 80 % of plants. Ectomycorrhizal fungi are very important in ecosystems, because their mutualistic association with plants of different species helps nutrients and water absorption, as well as protection of the host plant against pathogens and abiotic stresses. Most ectomycorrhizal fungi belong to the Basidiomycota class, such as the following genera: Amanita, Hebeloma, Hysterangium, Laccaria, Lactarius, Rhizopogon, Russula, Scleroderma, Suillus, Tricholoma, among others. Morphological studies on ectomycorrhizae report important results in understanding the species biodiversity. However, the use of molecular biology nowadays is indispensable. Among the various molecular tools available, there is consensus about the use of tools based on sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) of fungi rDNA, aiding in species characterization and construction of phylogenetic studies. The ITS region is of easy amplification, it has multicopy nature and enables differentiation between species. The objective of this study was to show that the use of molecular biology tools associated with morphotyping to characterize species of ectomycorrhizae is more effective than when they are used on their own.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861262.v1
title: Characterization of Ectomycorrhizal species through molecular biology tools and morphotyping

description: ABSTRACT: Mycorrhizae are mutualistic associations between fungi and plant roots. These symbiotic associations are abundant and occur in 75 to 80 % of plants. Ectomycorrhizal fungi are very important in ecosystems, because their mutualistic association with plants of different species helps nutrients and water absorption, as well as protection of the host plant against pathogens and abiotic stresses. Most ectomycorrhizal fungi belong to the Basidiomycota class, such as the following genera: Amanita, Hebeloma, Hysterangium, Laccaria, Lactarius, Rhizopogon, Russula, Scleroderma, Suillus, Tricholoma, among others. Morphological studies on ectomycorrhizae report important results in understanding the species biodiversity. However, the use of molecular biology nowadays is indispensable. Among the various molecular tools available, there is consensus about the use of tools based on sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) of fungi rDNA, aiding in species characterization and construction of phylogenetic studies. The ITS region is of easy amplification, it has multicopy nature and enables differentiation between species. The objective of this study was to show that the use of molecular biology tools associated with morphotyping to characterize species of ectomycorrhizae is more effective than when they are used on their own.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5861256
title: Age and sex differences in game-related statistics which discriminate winners from losers in elite basketball games

description: Abstract AIMS To advance knowledge of long-term development of basketball players, this study investigated age and sex differences in game-related statistics which discriminate winners from losers in World Basketball Championships held after the 2010 rule change. METHODS A total of 935 games from six categories (under-17, under-19 and open age for both men and women) were analyzed. All games were classified into three types (balanced, unbalanced and very unbalanced) according to point differential by a k-means cluster analysis. A discriminant analysis was performed to identify game-related statistics which discriminate winners from losers in each game type. An absolute value of a structural coefficient (SC) equal to or above 0.30 was considered relevant for the discrimination. RESULTS In balanced games, assists discriminated winners from losers in open games (men, |SC| = 0.32; women, |SC| = 0.34), whereas successful free throws did so in under-17 games (men, |SC| = 0.30; women, |SC| = 0.31). Successful 2-point field goals discriminated winners from losers only in women’s games (under-19, |SC| = 0.38; open, |SC| = 0.36). CONCLUSION There were three novel findings in balanced games: 1) successful free throws but not assists discriminated winners from losers in under-17 games; 2) successful 2-point field goals discriminated winners from losers in women’s games but not in men’s games; and 3) discriminating power of successful 3-point field goals was extremely small in women’s games. These results may be related to the new rules for the shot clock and the 3-point distance.