cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.pb5bh7hq
title: Data from: The red queen coupled with directional selection favors the evolution of sex

description: Why sexual reproduction has evolved to be such a widespread mode of
 reproduction remains a major question in evolutionary biology. While
 previous studies have shown that increased sex and recombination can
 evolve in the presence of host-parasite interactions (the “Red Queen
 hypothesis” for sex), many of these studies have assumed that multiple
 loci mediate infection versus resistance. Data suggest, however, that a
 major locus is typically involved in antigen presentation and recognition.
 Here, we explore a model where only one locus mediates host-parasite
 interactions, but a second locus is subject to directional selection. Even
 though the effects of these genes on fitness are independent, we show that
 increased rates of sex and recombination are favored at a modifier gene
 that alters the rate of genetic mixing. This result occurs because of
 selective interference that occurs in finite populations (the
 “Hill-Robertson effect”), which also favors sex. These results suggest
 that the Red Queen hypothesis may help to explain the evolution of sex by
 contributing a form of persistent selection, which interferes with
 directional selection at other loci and thereby favors sex and
 recombination.
description: CodeforDryadZip directory containing R code and simulation results associated with paper (including supplementary figures). For details on running the simulations, see readme.txt in directory.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.gc46s
title: Data from: An artificial delay in emergence influences the number but not the fitness of adult emerald ash borer emerging from infested ash wood

description: Emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Buprestidae) is the most
 significant invasive forest pest in North America. Laboratory research on
 this species requires a source of adult and larval insects that are of the
 same fitness as those present in the wild. Production of adult emerald ash
 borer relies on flushing adults from logs which are subject to cold
 storage for some period prior to use. The effect of this storage on the
 number of insects emerging or the fitness of those that emerge has not
 been investigated. We subjected logs of EAB-infested white ash, Fraxinus
 americana L. to 7–14 month of cold storage and quantified the number of
 insects that emerged, time to emergence, and the body condition of adults
 as a measure of fitness. Body condition was evaluated using Soxhlet fat
 extraction and water weight. No published methods for Soxhlet fat
 extraction were available for this species so we developed extraction
 protocols. The number of insects emerging decreased with time, but fitness
 (i.e., fat content, water content) did not decrease. Time to emergence did
 increase but only in the longest-storage treatment while a comparison of
 male versus female emergence provides evidence for protandry in emerald
 ash borer. Rearing programs for emerald ash borer using wood from cold
 storage should adjust the amount used to produce a given number of insects
 but the quality of those individuals emerging will not be affected. We
 suggest that those insects that perished during storage were of lower
 quality when entering diapause and thus would serve as poor-quality host
 in rearing programs for natural enemies of emerald ash borer. These data
 also provide evidence for one pathway of introduction for emerald ash
 borer, suggesting that refrigeration in transit was required for EAB to
 remain viable and establish its beachhead in North America.
description: DelayInEmergenceEABFitness_DataAnalysesData and R code to reproduce analyses and figures. R code is given in .Rmd & R files. The .Rmd files are best viewed in RStudio, but can be opened in any text editor. All code is commented.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.v4012
title: Data from: Allelopathy prevents competitive exclusion and promotes phytoplankton biodiversity

description: It has been hypothesized that allelopathy can prevent competitive
 exclusion and promote phytoplankton diversity in aquatic ecosystems, where
 numerous species coexist on a limited number of resources. However,
 experimental proof-of-principle is not available to support this
 hypothesis. Here we present the first experimental evidence to support
 this hypothesis by demonstrating that allelopathy promotes the coexistence
 of two phytoplankton species, Ankistrodesmus falcatus and Oscillatoria
 sp., that compete for a single limiting nutrient. By performing long-term
 competition experiments in nitrate-limited continuous cultures, and by
 describing the population dynamics using a mechanistic model, we
 demonstrate that when allelopathy comes into play, one of the following
 outcomes is possible depending on the relative initial abundances of the
 species: dominance of the stronger competitor for nitrate (the
 non-allelopathic species), oscillatory coexistence, or dominance of the
 weaker competitor (the allelopathic species). Our model analysis revealed
 that sustained oscillatory coexistence of the two species would be a
 common outcome of this experiment. Our study confirms for the first time,
 based on laboratory experiments combined with mechanistic models, that
 allelopathy can alter the predicted outcome of inter-specific competition
 in a nutrient-limited environment and increase the potential for the
 coexistence of more species than resources, thereby contributing to the
 identification of endogenous mechanisms that explain the extreme diversity
 of phytoplankton communities.
description: Data
 seriesThis excel file contains
 all the raw data from the manuscript. Each sheet is named with the figure
 number to which its data belong. The column headings indicate the figure
 panel to which the data belong, and below, the
 variables.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.r87pq
title: Data from: MHC-dependent mate preferences in humans

description: One substantial benefit of sexual reproduction could be that it allows
 animals (including humans) to react rapidly to a continuously changing
 environmental selection pressure such as coevolving parasites. This
 counteraction would be most efficient if the females were able to provide
 their progeny with certain allele combinations for loci which may be
 crucial in the parasite-host arms race, for example the MHC (major
 histocompatibility complex). Here we show that the MHC influences both
 body odours and body odour preferences in humans, and that the
 women's preferences depend on their hormonal status. Female and male
 students were typed for their HLA-A, -B and -DR. Each male student wore a
 T-shirt for two consecutive nights. The next day, each female student was
 asked to rate the odours of six T-shirts. They scored male body odours as
 more pleasant when they differed from the men in their MHC than when they
 were more similar. This difference in odour assessment was reversed when
 the women rating the odours were taking oral contraceptives. Furthermore,
 the odours of MHC-dissimilar men remind the test women more often of their
 own actual or former mates than do the odours of MHC-similar men. This
 suggests that the MHC or linked genes influence human mate choice today.
description: HLA genotypes, ratings
 of body odors, and further information about donors and
 ratersMHC genotypes (HLA-A,
 HLA-B, and HLA-DR); evaluation of T-shirt odors (intensity, pleasantness,
 sexiness, each on a scale from 0 to 10, with 10 = most intense, most
 pleasant, or most sexy, respectively. The file also provides information
 about age, use of contraceptive pill, and whether armpits of the donors
 were shaved or not during the time of the experiments.Data Wedekind et al
 1995.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2pm42
title: Data from: Functional extinction of birds drives rapid evolutionary changes in seed size.

description: Local extinctions have cascading effects on ecosystem functions, yet
 little is known about the potential for the rapid evolutionary change of
 species in human-modified scenarios. We show that the functional
 extinction of large-gape seed dispersers in the Brazilian Atlantic forest
 is associated with the consistent reduction of seed size of a keystone
 palm species. Among 22 palm populations, areas deprived of large avian
 frugivores for several decades present smaller seeds than non-defaunated
 forests, with negative consequences for palm regeneration. Coalescence and
 phenotypic selection models indicate that seed size reduction most likely
 occurred within the last 100 years, associated with human-driven
 fragmentation. The fast-paced defaunation of large vertebrates is
 most likely causing unprecedented changes in the evolutionary trajectories
 and community composition of tropical forests.
description: Study localities list.
 Table S1Location, defaunation
 status and mean (±SD) diameter (mm) of Euterpe edulis (Arecaceae) seeds
 sampled in the Atlantic forest in Brazil. N, sample size. Marked with *
 are sites where focal observations were conducted.localities_Table
 S1.xlsSM_Table_S2Occurrence of all known frugivore species that feed on Euterpe edulis fruits in the 22 palm populations sampled. [Spreadsheet document]SM_Table_S4Summary of visitation data and fruit feeding behavior for frugivorous birds that feed on Euterpe edulis fruits in defaunated and non-defaunated Atlantic forests in Brazil. The data include information for each species from focal observations in different areas of the defaunated and non-defaunated sites, totaling 2326 h of observation. Small, small-gape (≤ 12 mm) frugivores; Large, large-gape (&gt; 12 mm) frugivores.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.1q474
title: Data from: Evolution of life history traits in geographically isolated populations of Vaejovis scorpions (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae)

description: Geographical isolation can over time accumulate life-history variation
 which can eventually lead to speciation. We used five species of Vaejovis
 scorpions that have been isolated from one another since the Pleistocene
 glaciation to identify if biogeographical patterns have allowed for the
 accumulation of life-history variation among species. Gravid females were
 captured and brought back to the lab until giving birth. Once offspring
 had begun to disperse, measurements of female size, reproductive
 investment, offspring size, offspring number, and variation in offspring
 size were recorded. Differences in how each species allocated energy to
 these variables were analysed utilizing path analysis and structural
 equation modelling. Female and offspring size, litter size, and total
 litter mass differed among species, but relative energetic investment did
 not. Most significant differences among species were not present after
 removing the effect of female size, indicating that female size is a major
 source of life-history variation. Path analyses indicated that there was
 no size–number trade-off within any species and that each species
 allocates energy toward total litter mass differently. Additionally, as
 offspring size increased, the variation in offspring mass decreased. These
 results show that each species allocates the same relative amount of
 energy in different ways. The variation seen could be a response to
 environmental variability or uncertainty, a product of maternal effects,
 or caused by the sufficient accumulation of genetic differences due to
 geographical isolation.
description: 2008 Vaejovis Life
 History Data Among Mountain RangesThis file contains all
 of the life history data for each litter/female, from each mountain range
 in the paper. The abbreviations are as follows: PDFM (post-dispersal
 female mass), FCL (female carapace length), # Days B/t B & M (number
 of days between birth and molt), # Days B/t M & D (number of days
 between molt and dispersal), Days in Lab (PreBirth) (number of days
 females were kept in the lab before giving birth), AOM (average offspring
 mass), OCL (average offspring carapace length), CVAOM (coefficient of
 variation in average offspring mass), CVOCL (coefficient of variation in
 average offspring carapace length), LS (litter size), TLM (total litter
 mass calculated by multiplying LS x AOM), TLM* (total litter mass
 calculated by adding the masses of all individual offspring), RLM
 (relative litter mass), and %SURV (percent of offspring that survived to
 dispersal).2008 Vaejovis Data (SPSS
 Modified).xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.j04q5
title: Data from: Bouldering: an alternative strategy to long-vertical climbing in root-climbing hortensias

description: In the Neotropics, the genus Hydrangea of the popular ornamental hortensia
 family is represented by climbing species that strongly cling to their
 support surface by means of adhesive roots closely positioned along
 specialized anchoring stems. These root-climbing hortensia species belong
 to the nearly exclusive American Hydrangea section Cornidia and generally
 are long lianescent climbers that mostly flower and fructify high in the
 host tree canopy. The Mexican species Hydrangea seemannii, however,
 encompasses not only long lianescent climbers of large vertical rock walls
 and coniferous trees, but also short ‘shrub-like’ climbers on small
 rounded boulders. To investigate growth form plasticity in root-climbing
 hortensia species, we tested the hypothesis that support variability (e.g.
 differences in size and shape) promotes plastic responses observable at
 the mechanical, structural and anatomical level. Stem bending properties,
 architectural axis categorization, tissue organization and wood density
 were compared between boulder and long-vertical tree-climbers of H.
 seemannii. For comparison, the mechanical patterns of a closely related,
 strictly long-vertical tree-climbing species were investigated. Hydrangea
 seemannii has fine-tuned morphological, mechanical and anatomical
 responses to support variability suggesting the presence of two
 alternative root-climbing strategies that are optimized for their
 particular environmental conditions. Our results suggest that variation of
 some stem anatomical traits provides a buffering effect that regulates the
 mechanical and hydraulic demands of two distinct plant architectures. The
 adaptive value of observed plastic responses and the importance of
 considering growth form plasticity in evolutionary and conservation
 studies are discussed.
description: Hydrangea seemannii
 mechanical and anatomical dataIncludes the original
 data matrices from biomechanical and anatomical
 measurements.Granados Mendoza etal
 JRSI_Dryad.xls
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.ft545hs
title: Data from: Use of isotretinoin and risk of depression in patients with acne: a systematic review and meta-analysis

description: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between the use
 of isotretinoin and the risk of depression in patients with acne. Design:
 This was a meta-analysis in which the standardized mean difference (SMD)
 and the relative risk (RR) were used for data synthesis employed the
 random-effects model. Setting: Studies were identified via electronic
 searches of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to December 28,
 2017. Participants: Patients with acne. Interventions: Studies comparing
 isotretinoin with other interventions in patients with acne were included.
 Results: Twenty studies were selected. The analysis of 17 studies showed a
 significant association of the use of isotretinoin with improved symptoms
 compared with the baseline before treatment [SMD = −0.33, 95% confidence
 interval (CI) −0.51 to −0.15, P &lt; 0.05; I2 = 76.6%, P &lt;
 0.05)]. Four studies were related to the analysis of the risk of
 depression. The pooled data indicated no association of the use of
 isotretinoin with the risk of depressive disorders (RR = 1.15, 95% CI
 0.60–2.21, P = 0.14). The association of the use of isotretinoin with the
 risk of depressive disorders was statistically significant on pooling
 retrospective studies (RR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.05–1.84, P = 0.02), but this
 association was not evident on pooling prospective studies (RR = 0.85, 95%
 CI 0.60–2.21, P = 0.86). Conclusions: This study suggested an association
 of the use of isotretinoin in patients with acne with significantly
 improved depression symptoms. Future randomized controlled trials are
 needed to verify the present findings.
description: original
 data
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.cd2pk
title: Data from: Sediments and flow have mainly independent effects on multitrophic stream communities and ecosystem functions

description: Stream ecosystems are affected by multiple abiotic stressors, and species
 responses to simultaneous stressors may differ from those predicted based
 on single-stressor responses. Using 12 semi-natural stream channels, we
 examined the individual and interactive effects of flow level (low or high
 flow) and addition of fine sediments (grain size &lt; 2mm) on key
 ecosystem processes (leaf breakdown, algal biomass accrual) and benthic
 macroinvertebrate and fungal communities. Both stressors had mostly
 independent effects on biological responses, with sand addition being the
 more influential of the two. Sand addition decreased algal biomass and
 microbe-mediated leaf breakdown significantly, whereas invertebrate
 shredder-mediated breakdown only responded to flow level.
 Macroinvertebrate community composition responded significantly to both
 stressors. Fungal biomass decreased and shredder abundance increased when
 sand was added; thus, organisms at different trophic levels can exhibit
 highly variable responses to the same stressor. Terrestrial endophytic
 fungi were abundant in low-flow flumes where leaf mass loss was also
 highest, indicating that terrestrial endophytes may contribute importantly
 to leaf decomposition in the aquatic environment. Leaf breakdown rates
 depended on the identity and abundance of the dominant decomposer species,
 suggesting that the effects of anthropogenic activities on ecosystem
 processes may be driven by changes in the abundance of a few key species.
 The few observed interactive effects were all antagonistic (i.e., less
 than the sum of the individual effects); for example, increased flow
 stimulated algal biomass accumulation but this effect was largely
 cancelled by sand. While our finding that sand and stream flow did not
 have strong synergistic effects can be considered reassuring for
 management, future experiments should manipulate these and other human
 stressors in experiments that run for much longer periods, thus focusing
 on the long-term impacts of multiple simultaneously operating stressors.
description: FullData_MustonenEtAl_EcolAppl_2016This data file includes all data used in the article. Please see the attached ReadMe file for more detailed information.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.t3h6j
title: Data from: Foster care-givers influence brood pathogen resistance in ants

description: Social organisms face a high risk of epidemics, and respond to this threat
 by combining efficient individual and collective defences against
 pathogens. An intriguing and little studied feature of social animals is
 that individual pathogen resistance may depend not only on genetic or
 maternal factors, but also on the social environment during development.
 Here, we used a cross-fostering experiment to investigate whether the
 pathogen resistance of individual ant workers was shaped by their own
 colony of origin or by the colony of origin of their carers. The origin of
 care-giving workers significantly influenced the ability of newly eclosed
 cross-fostered Formica selysi workers to resist the fungal entomopathogen
 Beauveria bassiana. In particular, carers that were more resistant to the
 fungal entomopathogen reared more resistant workers. This effect occurred
 in the absence of post-infection social interactions, such as trophallaxis
 and allogrooming. The colony of origin of eggs significantly influenced
 the survival of the resulting individuals in both control and pathogen
 treatments. There was no significant effect of the social organization
 (i.e. whether colonies contain a single or multiple queens) of the colony
 of origin of either carers or eggs. Our experiment reveals that social
 interactions during development play a central role in moulding the
 resistance of emerging workers.
description: Purcell_Chapuisat_2014_Cross_Foster_DataThis file contains all data associated with the article: "Foster care-givers influence brood pathogen resistance in ants". Please see the ReadMe file for detailed descriptions.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.sh6n0tc
title: Data from: Cryospheric hydrometeorology observation in the Hulu Catchment (CHOICE), Qilian Mountains, China

description: Understanding cryospheric hydrology and the effects of cryospheric changes
 on river runoff is critical for sustainable water management, especially
 in arid inland river basins, such as those in Northwest China, where water
 resources mainly come from alpine areas. A cryospheric hydrometeorology
 observation system (CHOICE) has been established since 2008 in the Hulu
 Catchment, which is a well instrumented experimental and representative
 catchment in the upper reaches of the inland Hei River, Qilian Mountains,
 Northwest China. The CHOICE includes dense meteorological measurements
 from 2,980 to 4,800 m a.s.l., such as glacier, snow and permafrost
 hydrology; water and heat balance in the vertical landscape zones,
 including alpine grassland, meadow, shrub, coniferous forest, marshy
 meadow and moraine-talus zones. The comprehensive of long-term
 observations available for the CHOICE provides the basis for model
 development and application in cryospheric hydrological research. We try
 to study on cryospheric hydrometeorological process of precipitation,
 freeze-thaw cycle, energy balance, soil-vegetation-atmosphere-transfer
 (SVAT), runoff, groundwater reservoir and hydrological resiliency within
 vertical altitude in CHIOCE. In addition, the CHOICE of data sharing are
 mainly through website (http://hhsy.casnw.net/) and WestDC database
 (http://westdc.westgis.ac.cn/). The CHOICE, as implied by as its name, is
 an open cryospheric hydrology observation and research system.
description: Data_vzj-2018-03-0058-hyomean monthly precipitation, mean monthly evaporation and mean daily runoff in the Hulu catchment, Qilian mountain, China