cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.769857
title: (Table 1) Helium concentration and flux in DSDP Hole 94-607 samples

description: Most of the helium-3 in oceanic sediments conies from interplanetary dust particles (IDPs), and can therefore be used to infer the accretion rate of dust to the Earth through time (Ozima et al., 1984, doi:10.1038/311448a0; Takayanagi and Ozima, 1987, doi:10.1029/JB092iB12p12531; Farley, 1995, doi:10.1038/376153a0). 3He records from slowly accumulating pelagic clays indicate that the accretion rate varies considerably over millions of years, probably owing to cometary and asteroidal break-up events3. Muller and MacDonald have proposed (Muller and MacDonald, 1995, doi:10.1038/377107b0) that periodic changes in this accretion rate due to a previously unrecognized 100-kyr periodicity in the Earth's orbital inclination might account for the prominence of this frequency in climate records of the past million years (Imbrie et al., 1993, doi:10.1029/93PA02751). Here we report variations in the 3He flux to the sea floor that support this idea. We find that the flux recorded in rapidly accumulating Quaternary sediments from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge oscillates with a period of about 100 kyr. We cannot yet say, however, whether the 100-kyr climate cycle is a consequence of, a cause of, or an effect independent of these periodic changes in the rate of delivery of interplanetary dust to the sea floor.
description: Core disruption between cores 94-607-2 and 94-607-3 precludes accurate determination of sedimentation rates in this interval; the mean value of the other 10 cycles has been adopted for this cycle.
description: Supplement to: Farley, Kenneth A; Patterson, D B (1995): A 100-kyr periodicity in the flux of extraterrestrial 3He to the sea floor. Nature, 378(6557), 521-644
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.812230
title: (Table S1) He isotope ratios from ODP Hole 122-762C samples
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.908153
title: Protactinium, thorium, uranium and opal of sediment core GeoB1523-1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.908152
title: Protactinium, thorium, uranium and opal of ODP Site 172-1062
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.817903
title: Geochemistry of sediment core M77/1_564-1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.712118
title: Os and Re concentrations and Os isotope ratios for DSDP and ODP metalliferous sediments from the Pacific Ocean (Table 1)

description: We report new 187Os/186Os data and Re and Os concentrations in metalliferous sediments from the Pacific to construct a composite Os isotope seawater evolution curve over the past 80 m.y. Analyses of four samples of upper Cretaceous age yield 187Os/186Os values of between 3 and 6.5 and 187Re/186Os values below 55. Mass balance calculations indicate that the pronounced minimum of about 2 in the Os isotope ratio of seawater at the K-T boundary probably reflects the enormous input of cosmogenic material into the oceans by the K-T impactor(s). Following a rapid recovery to 187Os/186Os of 3.5 at 63 Ma, data for the early and middle part of the Cenozoic show an increase in 187Os/186Os to about 6 at 15 Ma. Variations in the isotopic composition of leachable Os from slowly accumulating metalliferous sediments show large fluctuations over short time spans. In contrast, analyses of rapidly accumulating metalliferous carbonates do not exhibit the large oscillations observed in the pelagic clay leach data. These results together with sediment leaching experiments indicate that dissolution of non-hydrogenous Os can occur during the hydrogen peroxide leach and demonstrate that Os data from pelagic clay leachates do not always reflect the Os isotopic composition of seawater.New data for the late Cenozoic further substantiate the rapid increase in the 187Os/186Os of seawater during the past 15 Ma. We interpret the correlation between the marine Sr and Os isotope records during this time period as evidence that weathering within the drainage basin of the Ganges-Brahmaputra river system is responsible for driving seawater Sr and Os toward more radiogenic isotopic compositions. The positive correlation between 87Sr/86Sr and U concentration, the covariation of U and Re concentrations, and the high dissolved Re, U and Sr concentrations found in the Ganges-Brahmaputra river waters supports this interpretation. Accelerating uplift of many orogens worldwide over the past 15 Ma, especially during the last 5 Ma, could have contributed to the rapid increase in 187Os/186Os from 6 to 8.5 over the past 15 Ma. Prior to 15 Ma the marine Sr and Os record are not tightly coupled. The heterogeneous distribution of different lithologies within eroding terrains may play an important role in decoupling the supplies of radiogenic Os and Sr to the oceans and account for the periods of decoupling of the marine Sr and Os isotope records.
description: 187Os/186Os and 187Os/188Os values are uncorrected for analytical blank and are not age corrected. Age corrections do not exceed 0.1 for the oldest samples analyzed. Analytical blanks are in all cases less than 5% of the measured Os concentration.
description: Supplement to: Peucker-Ehrenbrink, Bernhard; Ravizza, Gregory E; Hofmann, Albrecht W (1995): The marine 187Os/186Os record of the past 80 million years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 130(1-4), 155-167
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.759974
title: (Table A1+A2) 230Th, 231Pa, 9Be, and 10Be in particle size fractions of surface sediments
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.786061
title: (Table 1) Sr and Hf isotope ratios of Barbados sediment samples

description: Sediment depth is given in rcmd.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.885193
title: X-ray fluorescence (XRF) measurements on sediment core M77/1_564-1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.706540
title: (Table 3) Isotopic composition of rocks from ODP Hole 135-837B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.882051
title: (Table 1) Major and trace elements from the Jorullo volcano in the Michoacan Guanajuato Volcanic Field, Mexiko
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.705052
title: (Table 1) 3He/4He and 4He/20Ne ratios in pore water and gas in deep-sea sediments at DSDP Site 90-594B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.786097
title: Last Glacial Cycle individual sand-sized (&gt;150 µm) feldspar Pb-isotope ratios

description: Sediment depth is given in mbsf. For Pb-isotope ratios during MIS 2, stratigraphically below and bove Heinrich-layer 2, of sediment core V28.82 see Gwiazda et al. (1996) dataset doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.786105.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.57911
title: (Figure 3a) 230Th, 231Pa and 231Pa/230Th activity ratios of sediment core PS1507-3
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.807005
title: (Table 3) Strontium and neodynium isotopes at DSDP Holes 81-553 and 81-555
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.763937
title: Polonium-210 and Lead-210 activities measured on 17 water bottle profiles and 50 surface water samples during POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXII/2

description: Polonium-210 and Lead-210 have been measured in the water column and on suspended particulate matter during the POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXII/2. The data have been submitted to Pangaea following a Polonium-Lead intercalibration exercise organized by GEOTRACES, where the AWI lab results range within the data standard deviation from 10 participating labs.Polonium-210 and Lead-210 in the ocean can be used to identify the sources and sinks of suspended matter. In seawater, Polonium-210 (210Po) and Lead-210 (210Pb) are produced by stepwise radioactive decay of Uranium-238. 210Po (138 days half life) and 210Pb (22.3 years half life) have high affinities for suspended particles. Those radionuclides are present in dissolved form and adsorbed onto particles. Following adsorption onto particle surfaces, 210Po especially is transported into the interior of cells where it bonds to proteins. In this way, 210Po also accumulates in the food chain. 210Po is therefore considered to be a good tracer for POC, and traces particle export over a timescale of month. 210Pb (22.3 years half life) adsorbs preferably onto structural components of cells, biogenic silica and lithogenic particles, and is therefore a better tracer more rapidly sinking matter.Our goal during ARK XXII/2 was to trace pathways of particulate and dissolved matter leaving the Siberian Shelf. The pathways of particulate and dissolved matter will be followed by the combined use of 210Po and 234Th as a tracer pair (and perhaps 210Pb) for particle flux (Cai, P.; Rutgers van der Loeff, MM (2008) doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.708354). This information gathered from the water column will be complemented with the results of the 210Po-210Pb study in sea ice (Camara-Mor, P, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar-SCIC, Barcelona, Spain) to provide a more thorough picture of particle transport from the shelf to the open sea and from surface to depth.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.816053
title: (Appendix) Th, U and Pa chemistry of North Atlantic deep-sea sediments

description: The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a key feature of the climate system. However, its role during climate change is still poorly constrained particularly during an Interglacial to Glacial climate transition and the associated global cooling. We present here the first reconstruction of the evolution of the vertical structure of the rate of the AMOC from the Last Interglaciation to the subsequent glaciation (128,000-60,000 years ago) based on sedimentary (231Pa/230Th) records. We show a deep AMOC during the interglacial warmth Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.5 and a shallower glacial one during glacial MIS 4. The change between these two patterns occurred mostly during the glacial inception, i.e. the transition from MIS 5.5 to MIS 5.4. Our data show that AMOC was enhanced during this latter transition as a consequence of a large increase of the overturning rate of the Intermediate Waters, above 2500 m. We suggest that this AMOC pattern required a reinforced Gulf Stream-North Atlantic Current system that ultimately supported ice-sheet growth by providing heat and moisture to the Northern high latitudes. From MIS 5.4 to MIS 5.1, the AMOC was broadly continuous below 2000 m and supported periods of ice-sheet growth. As a result, a glacial AMOC is triggered at the beginning of MIS 4 due to the extension of ice-sheet and the subsequent reorganization of deep-water formation. This study highlights the role of intermediate waters as a major player during climate change.
description: Supplement to: Guihou, Abel; Pichat, Sylvain; Govin, Aline; Nave, Silvia Osorio; Michel, Elisabeth; Duplessy, Jean-Claude; Telouk, Philippe; Labeyrie, Laurent D (2011): Enhanced Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation supports the Last Glacial Inception. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30(13-14), 1576-1582
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.723616
title: (Table 2b) Isotopic composition of Xe of pillow lava in DSDP sites
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.385653
title: Radionuclides from sediment trap Weddell_Sea_3
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.924725
title: Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes of cores MD97-2121, TAN1106-43 and TAN1106-28
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.385650
title: Radionuclides from sediment trap King_George_1
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.802672
title: Radiogenic lead composition of sediment core PS72/340-5 from the Mendeleev Ridge
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.859104
title: Radiogenic lead composition of surface sediments from the Arctic Ocean
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.715011
title: (Table 1) Lu-Hf isotope ratios of eolian dust from surface sediment samples

description: For epsilon-Nd data see Nakai et al. (1993) data set: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.715016 and Jones et al. (1994) data set: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.715018
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.925602
title: Neodymium and hafnium isotopes and rare earth element concentrations from water bottle samples measured during METEOR cruise M121 along the Congo River plume (GEOTRACES cruise GA08)

description: To better understand the inputs of riverine REEs and Hf to the ocean and their impact on the open ocean we collected filtered seawater samples from 16 full water column profiles along the Congo River plume at the coast of Congo and Gabon and along an offshore section at 3°S, complemented by three freshwater samples collected directly from the Congo River. The water samples from the Congo River plume were collected during GEOTRACES cruise GA08 with German RV Meteor (M121) in November and December 2015 with a stainless steel CTD rosette and a towed fish for surface waters. River water end-member samples from the Congo River at zero salinity were taken upstream by boat in May, July and October 2017 near the center of the river at ~6°S and ~12.5°E (stations 12.1–12.3). We determine for the first time REE and Hf concentrations and isotope compositions within the Congo River plume and quantify Nd and Hf fluxes. Based on these data we evaluate how far the Congo River plume is traceable by these geochemical parameters, how it contributes to their budgets in the South East Atlantic Ocean, and to which degree the Nd and Hf isotope and REE distributions can be used as water mass tracers in areas of high continental inputs.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.926847
title: Tropical Atlantic sediment U-series of James Cook cruise JC094

description: The radiogenic isotope ratio 231Pa/230Th of seawater and ocean sediments is a potentially powerful tool for tracing oceanic processes such as the ocean circulation and marine primary productivity. However, 231Pa/230Th reflects the combined signal of multiple controls associated with scavenging and oceanic transport, limiting its use as a paleo-proxy. Given that links between seawater and sedimentary 231Pa and 230Th distributions are crucial for understanding the cycling and removal fluxes of these nuclides, we carry out analysis of 231Pa and 230Th in both seawater (dissolved phase) and modern sediment samples acquired from five depth transects across the northern tropical Atlantic open ocean during the JC094 research expedition which took place in October-November 2013. Measurements of the radiogenic isotopes were performed using a MultiCollector-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS). In addition, CTD beam attenuation coefficient measurements and XRF scan Fe and Ti measurements of two sediment cores collected from the region during the same research expedition are presented to aid interpretation of 231Pa and 230Th data. Here we show the U-series dataset for the sediment samples.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.926855
title: Tropical Atlantic seawater U-series of James Cook cruise JC094

description: The radiogenic isotope ratio 231Pa/230Th of seawater and ocean sediments is a potentially powerful tool for tracing oceanic processes such as the ocean circulation and marine primary productivity. However, 231Pa/230Th reflects the combined signal of multiple controls associated with scavenging and oceanic transport, limiting its use as a paleo-proxy. Given that links between seawater and sedimentary 231Pa and 230Th distributions are crucial for understanding the cycling and removal fluxes of these nuclides, we carry out analysis of 231Pa and 230Th in both seawater (dissolved phase) and modern sediment samples acquired from five depth transects across the northern tropical Atlantic open ocean during the JC094 research expedition which took place in October-November 2013. Measurements of the radiogenic isotopes were performed using a MultiCollector-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS). In addition, CTD beam attenuation coefficient measurements and XRF scan Fe and Ti measurements of two sediment cores collected from the region during the same research expedition are presented to aid interpretation of 231Pa and 230Th data. Here we show the U-series dataset for the seawater samples.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.770039
title: (Table 1) Helium concentration in sediments

description: Two decades ago, Merrihue (1964) reported 3He/4He ratios of &gt;10**-4 in ferromagnetic separates from a Pacific deep ocean red clay and concluded that the high ratio is due to extraterrestrial debris amounting to ~1% of the sediment. A decade later Krylov et al. (1973) compiled 3He/4He isotopic data on ocean sediments measured in the Soviet Union and observed that the 3He/4He ratio is generally higher in pelagic sediments where the sedimentation rate is lower. They suggested that the high 3He/4He ratio was attributable to extraterrestrial materials which were concentrated in slowly accumulating ocean floor. However, these important discoveries were almost completely neglected until we re-examined the problem. We have measured 39 sediments from 12 different sites, 10 sites from the western to central Pacific and two sites from the Atlantic Ocean. We find 3He/4He ratios &gt;5 * 10**-5 for six sites, well above the values generally observed in common terrestrial materials. The very high 3He/4He ratio in the sediments is probably due to input of extraterrestrial materials. Input of stratospheric dust of &lt;1 p.p.m., which corresponds to a fallout rate of ~2,000 tons per year, can explain the observation.
description: Errors in 3He and 4He consist of 50% of the hot blank and 1 sigma in the mass spectrometry, the former being much larger than the latter.
description: Supplement to: Ozima, Minoru; Takayanagi, M; Zashu, S; Amari, Sachiko (1984): High 3He/4He ratio in ocean sediments. Nature, 311(5985), 448-450
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.929670
title: Zircon crystal interior U-Pb disequilibrium-corrected ages for TBJ sample (E17-32) (Table S3)

description: This dataset includes results from U-Pb dating from zircon crystal interiors (polished sections) of the Tierra Blanca Joven eruption (TBJ) from Ilopango caldera in El Salvador. Zircon crystals were analyzed employing Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry at Heidelberg University.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.744859
title: (Table 2) Thorium and uranium concentrations and isotope activity ratios at ODP Site 105-646B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.815332
title: (Table 3) Spiked leachates 187Os/188Os ratios from DSDP Hole 64-480
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.704733
title: (Table 4) U-Pb monazite results of metatexite G8-58.1 from Mt. Dalton, northern Oates Land

description: No 1-12: Session 1, calibration error of reference monazite: Pb/U 1.03%; Pb/Th 1.27% (n=9). No 13-19: Session 2, calibration error of reference monazite: Pb/U 0.78%; Pb/Th 1.37% (n=8)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.705050
title: (Table 1) 3He/4He and 4He/20Ne ratios in pore water and gas in deep-sea sediments at DSDP Site 89-586
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.705051
title: (Table 1) 3He/4He and 4He/20Ne ratios in pore water and gas in deep-sea sediments at DSDP Site 90-594
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.704732
title: (Table 3) U-Pb zircon results of metatexite G8-58.1 from Mt. Dalton, northern Oates Land

description: Calibration error of reference zircon: 1.26% (n=17)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.801803
title: (Table 2) Chemical composition of sediments and 3He/4He ratios at DSDP Site 87-583
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.712882
title: (Appendix A) Authigenic 10Be and 9Be concentrations of sediments from ODP Hole 162-983B

description: Sediment depth (m) is composite depth (mcd)
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.815330
title: (Table 1) Bulk sediment 187Os/188Os ratios from DSDP Hole 64-480
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.857359
title: (Table 1) Strontium, Neodymium, Hafnium and Lead isotopic compositions from ODP Hole 146-888B, 168-1027B and 168-1027C

description: Oceanic sediments deposited on continental margins consist mainly of erosion products of the nearby exposed continental areas. Detrital input usually dominates their geochemical budget, and the composition of these sediments should record potential changes in their continental sources. However, along margins, mineral sorting associated with transport and sedimentary processes induces significant chemical and isotopic fractionation over a few tens of kilometers. The study of margin sediments should help to quantify the extent of modification of the continental terrigenous supply when it reaches deep oceans. Reported Sr, Nd, Hf and Pb isotopic compositions of fifty-seven sediments from the northernmost part of the Cascade forearc (Ocean Drilling Program, ODP, Sites 888 and 1027) suggest the involvement of two dominant end-members coming from the nearby Canadian Cordillera. Erosion products of the depleted, western part of the Cordillera dominate the detrital input, while the eastern enriched terranes of the Cordillera contribute only 10 to 28% of the input. There is no marked change of provenance of sediments during the last 3.5 Myr and they all appear unaffected by glacial-interglacial climate cycles. The average isotopic compositions of the two sites are slightly different, but are both dominated by continental signature; these values can be used in future studies to identify any subducted sediment contribution to the Cascades Arc. On a finer scale, there are differences in the isotopic signature between samples dominated by clay minerals and those with coarser lithologies. For a given Nd isotopic composition, fine sediments have more radiogenic Sr and Hf isotope ratios than sands, and we interpret the difference as resulting from mineral sorting during transport of the particles. Fine sediments concentrate minerals with radiogenic Sr and Hf such as clays and micas, while coarse-grained detritus carry the unradiogenic mineral component of a given source rock through plagioclase-epidote and zircon. ODP Site 1027 is located 100 km further away from continent than ODP Site 888 and contains more clay. As a consequence, it has significantly more radiogenic Sr and Hf bulk composition than ODP Site 888. Similar differences in isotopic signatures related to the distance to continent certainly occur in other areas in the word, and will account for a large part of differences known between continental sources and deep-sea sediments.
description: Supplement to: Carpentier, Marion; Weis, Dominique A M; Chauvel, Catherine (2014): Fractionation of Sr and Hf isotopes by mineral sorting in Cascadia Basin terrigenous sediments. Chemical Geology, 382, 67-82
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.786096
title: Marine Isotope Stage 100 (2.52 Ma) individual sand-sized (&gt;150 µm) feldspar Pb-isotope ratios
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.807028
title: (Table 21) Initial strontium isotope ratio analyses of basalts from DSDP Holes 81-553A and 81-554A and of dolerite from DSDP Hole 81-555

description: Analyst: Jane Evans.
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.769830
title: Helium concentrations of ODP Hole 154-926B
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.904771
title: (Table A7) Allanite U-Th-Pb analyses in the Barrovian metamorphic sequence

description: U-Th-Pb analyses were measured by SHRIMP ion microprobe
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.906051
title: Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) Uranium-Lead analyses of shock-recrystallised zircon from the Lappajärvi impact crater, Finland

description: U-Pb data for shock-recrystallised zircon from the Lappajärvi impact crater, Finland.
description: * Discordance here refers to the calculated difference between the ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age and the ²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U age, i.e., discordance = (1 - [²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age / ²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U age]) x 100. Therefore, positive numbers correspond to normal discordance and negative numbers correspond to reverse discordance.** % of common ²⁰⁶Pb in measured ²⁰⁶Pb, estimated from measured ²⁰⁴Pb, assuming present-day Stacey and Kramers (1975) common Pb. Figures lagged with # indicate that no correction has been applied because ²⁰⁴Pb counts were insignificant.
description: Supplement to: Kenny, Gavin; Schmieder, Martin; Whitehouse, Martin J; Nemchin, Alexander A; Morales, Luiz F G; Buchner, Elmar; Bellucci, Jeremy J; Snape, Joshua F (2019): A new U-Pb age for shock-recrystallised zircon from the Lappajärvi impact crater, Finland, and implications for the accurate dating of impact events. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 245, 479-494
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.847005
title: (Table 2) SHRIMP U-Pb zircon data for samples ABA/81 and WBJS3 from Gjelsvikfjella, Dronning Maud Land
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.847011
title: (Table 7) SHRIMP U-Pb zircon data for sample ABA/64 from Gjelsvikfjella, Dronning Maud Land
DOI: 10.1594/pangaea.858145
title: (Tables 2-5) Results of U-Pb zircon dating of the host sandsones and rhyolites of Tersang gold deposit