DOI: 10.3886/icpsr06953.v1
title: Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities, 1995
title: Version 1

description: This census is the fifth enumeration of state adult
 correctional institutions and the second of federal institutions
 sponsored by the Bureau of Justice Statistics and conducted by the
 Bureau of the Census. Earlier censuses were completed in 1974 (ICPSR
 7811), 1979 (ICPSR 7852), 1984 (ICPSR 8444), and 1990 (ICPSR 9908).
 Unlike the previous censuses, all respondents in 1995 were sent the
 same survey form. For each facility, information was provided on
 physical security, age, functions, capacity, court orders for specific
 conditions, one-day counts and average populations, race/ethnicity of
 inmates, inmate work assignments, inmate deaths, special inmate
counts, assaults, and incidents caused by inmates.
description: Data were collected from 125 federally-authorized prisons
and 1,375 state-authorized facilities operating on June 30, 1995.
description: Datasets: 
DS1: Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities, 1995
description: The facility universe was developed from the Census of
 State and Federal Correctional Facilities. The list was revised using
 the 1995 American Correctional Association Directory and information
 obtained from state correctional administrators and the Federal Bureau
 of Prisons. The census included the following types of state and
 federal adult correctional facilities: prisons, prison farms,
 reception, diagnostic and classification centers, road camps, forestry
 and conservation camps, youthful offender facilities (except in
 California), vocational training facilities, drug and alcohol
 treatment facilities, and state-operated local detention facilities in
 Alaska, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Rhode Island, and
 Vermont. Facilities were included in the census if they: (1) were
 staffed with federal, state, local, or private employees, (2) housed
 primarily state or federal prisoners, (3) were physically,
 functionally, and administratively separate from other facilities, and
 (4) were in operation on June 30, 1995. The census also included 110
 private facilities under exclusive contract to state governments and
 the Federal Bureau of Prisons to house prisoners. In addition, the
 census included 16 facilities under joint authority, including those
 owned and staffed by state employees providing services to multiple
 counties for a fee, facilities co-owned by the state and counties that
 shared in their operation, and facilities staffed by county employees
 who were state-certified for correctional administration.
 Specifically excluded from the census were: (1) privately operated
 facilities that were not exclusively for state or federal inmates, (2)
 military facilities, (3) Immigration and Naturalization Service
 facilities, (4) Bureau of Indian Affairs facilities, (5) facilities
 operated and administered by local governments, including those
 housing state prisoners, (6) facilities operated by the U.S. Marshals
 Service, and (7) hospital wings and wards reserved for state
prisoners.
description: The codebook is provided as a Portable Document Format
 (PDF) file. The PDF file format was developed by Adobe Systems
 Incorporated and can be accessed using PDF reader software, such as
 the Adobe Acrobat Reader. Information on how to obtain a copy of the
Acrobat Reader is provided on the ICPSR Web site.