cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.25921/j3kd-pv80
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Touchan - Camp Six - SEGI - ITRDB CA707

description: The first dendroclimatic reconstruction of May 1 snow water equivalent (SWE) was developed from a Sequoiadendron giganteum regional tree-ring chronology network of 23 sites in central California for the period 90-2012 CE. The reconstruction is based on a significant relationship between May 1 SWE and tree-ring growth and shows climate variability from interannual to intercentennial time scales. A regression-based reconstruction equation explains up to 55% of the variance of SWE for 1940-2012. Split-sample validation supports our use of a reconstruction model based on the full period of reliable observational data (1940-2012). Thresholds for May 1 SWE low (15 percentile) and high (80 percentile) years were selected based on the exploratory scatterplots relationship between observed and reconstructed data for the period 1940-2012. The longest period of consecutive low-SWE years in the reconstruction is 2 years and the frequency of the lowest SWE years is highest during the period 710-809 CE. The longest high-SWE period, defined by consecutive wet years, is 3 years (558-560 CE). SWE and its reconstruction positively correlate with northeastern Pacific sea surface temperatures, the low-frequency variability of which may provide some predictive ability. Ultimately, the instrumental record and reconstruction suggest that unlike other sites in the region, twentieth century SWE variability in these Sequoia groves has remained within historical boundaries and relatively buffered from extremes and severe declines, though this is likely to change in coming decades with potentially negative effects on water availability for these trees.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-02-22.
DOI: 10.25921/jg10-xn35
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Festge County Park - QUMA - ITRDB WI030

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/j1f2-b103
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Larson - Rudd - QUMA - ITRDB WI051

description: New and updated multi-century tree-ring chronologies from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams from across the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, were developed to fill a spatial gap in the network of available tree-ring chronologies. We produced a robust 303-year summer drought reconstruction (June-August Palmer's Modified Drought Index (PMDI): r2 = 0.45) that identified clusters of extreme droughts and pluvials (PMDI <= -4.0 or >= 4.0) in the early 1700s and more even distributions of drought conditions, with the exception of the post 1930s period when drought became relatively infrequent. Compared to the Living Blended Drought Atlas (LBDA) and the North American Drought Atlas (NADA), our reconstruction more accurately represented moderate moisture conditions across the Driftless Area, the NADA and LBDA more closely represented extreme pluvials, and our reconstruction and the LBDA better represented extreme drought years. The three reconstructions largely captured the same high-frequency variability in drought conditions and differed most at low frequencies. Significant correlations were identified between our reconstruction and corn (r = 0.30, n = 91, p = 0.002) and soybean (r = 0.25, n  = 81, p = 0.012) yields, with the strength of the correlations increasing over recent decades suggesting a tighter coupling of interannual climate variability and crop productivity in the region. Superposed epoch analyses indicated significantly wetter conditions in the Driftless Area two years after major volcanic eruptions. In the context of long-term climatic variability, the Driftless Oaks drought reconstruction demonstrated that drought and pluvial conditions more extreme than those experienced during the instrumental record have occurred in the past.
description: Oak ring width data from the Driftless Area of southwest Wisconsin and northeast Iowa, USA, sampled from living oak trees, remnants, and archeological beams. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2021-10-19.
DOI: 10.25921/j9zb-st77
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Lake CF8 Arctic Surface Air Temperature Reconstructions through the Holocene

description: Quaternary interglacial periods provide glimpses of a warmer Arctic and useful perspectives on possible future conditions, but records of Arctic terrestrial conditions over multiple interglacial periods are rare. Here, we take advantage of a site in the Canadian Arctic where lacustrine sediments representing the past three interglacial periods are preserved in an extant lake. We use subfossil insects (chironomids) preserved in this exceptional sedimentary archive to derive temperature reconstructions through the Holocene up to A.D. 2005, through the Last Interglacial sensu stricto (marine isotope stage or MIS 5e), and a portion of the penultimate interglacial (MIS 7). Chironomidinferred temperatures are warmest for the early Holocene and MIS 5e, two periods with enhanced Northern Hemisphere insolation forcing relative to today. Twentieth-century warming at this site apparently caused the recent extirpation of cold stenothermous chironomid taxa. Assemblages from MIS 5e have close analogs in modern training set data as determined by squared-chord distance, and MIS 5e species assemblages are very similar to Holocene assemblages at this site. MIS 7 sediments record summer temperatures similar to those of the mid- to late Holocene, followed by a descent into glacial conditions. Even MIS 7 chironomid assemblages, dating back ~200,000 yr, have close modern analogs. These lake sediments also provide direct evidence for a period of regional deglaciation between MIS 5e and the Holocene (most likely MIS 5a). To our knowledge, the data presented here represent the longest paleotemperature record thus far generated using chironomids. The existence of close modern analogs for ancient chironomid assemblages at Lake CF8 suggests that this method can provide useful paleotemperature estimates extending back hundreds of millennia.
description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file. Note added by Temperature-12k authors: surface core and piston core spliced together
DOI: 10.25921/jayk-x537
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Kharinei Lake Surface Air Temperature Reconstructions during the Past 11000 Years

description: A consequence of predicted climate warming will be tree-line advance over large areas of the Russian tundra. Palaeolimnological techniques can be used to provide analogues of how such changes in tree-line advance and subsequent retreat affected lake ecosystems in the past. A Holocene sediment core taken from Kharinei Lake (Russia) was dated radiometrically and used for multi-proxy analyses with the aim of determining how climate and tree-line dynamics affected the productivity, community structure, carbon cycling and light regime in the lake. Pollen and macrofossil analyses were used to determine the dates of the arrival and retreat of birch and spruce forest. C:N ratios and percent loss-on-ignition were used to infer past changes in sediment organic matter. Visible-near-infrared spectroscopy and diatom analysis were used to infer past changes in lake-water carbon. Algal pigments and aquatic macrophytes were used to determine changes in lake productivity and light. Chironomids together with remains of the aquatic flora and fauna were used to provide information on past July temperature and continentality. Lake sedimentation was initiated shortly before 11,000 cal. years BP, when both chironomid- and pollen-inferred temperature reconstructions suggest higher summer temperatures than present, between 1 and 2°C warmer, and lake productivity was relatively high. A few trees were already present at this time. The spruce forest expanded at 8,000 cal. year BP remaining in the vicinity of the lake until 3,500 cal. year BP. This period coincided with a high concentration of organic material in the water column, and relatively high benthic productivity, as indicated by a high benthic: planktonic diatom ratio. After tree-line retreat, the optical transparency of the lake increased, and it became more open and exposed, and was thus subject to greater water-column mixing resulting in a higher abundance of diatom phytoplankton, especially heavily silicified Aulocoseira species. The colder climate resulted in a shorter ice-free period, the lake was less productive and there was a loss of aquatic macrophytes. Increased wind-induced mixing following forest retreat had a greater influence on the lake ecosystem than the effects of decreasing organic matter concentration and increased light penetration.
description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file.
DOI: 10.25921/jmjk-dv97
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Babushkina - Zelyony Shum - PISY - ITRDB RUSS314

description: Tree rings from forest-steppes of temperate continental Asia are useful proxies for the moisture regime reconstructions, encompassing environmental variations such as warming climate, changing frequency and intensity of droughts. Heterogeneity of precipitation leaves open the question of the probability of spatially large-scale droughts in this macro-region. Theoretically, such events could be driven by global tele-connections and/or common astronomic cycles. We have attempted the precipitation reconstructions of two distant (~1000 km) intermountain valleys in South Siberia, based on the tree ring width of Pinus sylvestris L. To enhance the quality of the precipitation reconstruction models, networks of existing tree-ring data were expanded and daily precision of instrumental precipitation series was implemented for calibration. Within-region (150–200 km) common signal between local chronologies r = 0.37–0.90 (p < 0.05) allowed obtaining regional ones, registering precipitation up to annual temporal scale. High correlations of both regional chronologies with annual precipitation were found for period from previous July 22 to current July 21 (r = 0.71–0.72). These precipitation series were further reconstructed. Reconstruction models explaining 50–52% of variation were developed for the years 1753–2015 and 1798–2015. Although both valleys do not record many concurrent extreme precipitation events, some common and opposite extremes have been revealed. For both regions, an 11-year and 26–29-year cycles were commonly observed. These were probably associated with the solar activity and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). However, phase shifts of these cycles were recorded between the regions and with PDO. Stronger impact of oceanic air masses was observed in the eastern one of the two considered territories. Whereas higher significance of frequencies associated with astronomic cycles (solar and lunar-nodal) was found in the western one.
description: moisture-limited habitat; Vegetation Reconstruction; forest stand and children's summer camp NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/jh6s-mf29
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Paleo-pCO2 Database Miocene C3 Plant pCO2 Data from Clarkia, Idaho

description: To improve future predictions of anthropogenic climate change, a better understanding of the relationship between global temperature and atmospheric concentrations of CO2 (pCO2), or climate sensitivity, is urgently required. Analyzing proxy data from climate change episodes in the past is necessary to achieve this goal, with certain geologic periods, such as the Miocene climatic optimum (MCO), a transient period of global warming with global temperatures up to ~7 C higher than today, increasingly viewed as good analogues to future climate under present emission scenarios. However, a problem remains that climate models cannot reproduce MCO temperatures with less than ~800 ppm pCO2, while most previously published proxies record pCO2 < 450 ppm. Here, we reconstructed MCO pCO2 with a multitaxon fossil leaf database from the well-dated MCO Lagerstätte deposits of Clarkia, Idaho, USA, using four current methods of pCO2 reconstructions. The methods are principally based on either stomatal densities, carbon isotopes, or a combination of both—thus offering independent results. The total of six reconstructions mostly record pCO2 of ~450–550 ppm. Although slightly higher than previously reconstructed pCO2, the discrepancy with the ~800 ppm required by climate models remains. We conclude that climate sensitivity was heightened during MCO, indicating that highly elevated temperatures can occur at relatively moderate pCO2. Ever higher climate sensitivity with rising temperatures should be very seriously considered in future predictions of climate change.
description: Site P33 is located at 46.99 N, -116.27 W
DOI: 10.25921/j01a-m794
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Bunn - Grouse Butte - CANO - ITRDB WA150

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.15468/dl.wmvvbc
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 77283 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "TaxonKey" : [
 "is Ursus arctos"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 77283 records from 339 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0020932-251009101135966/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.25921/jfa1-7j73
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Solomina - Kyzgych Preserve - KYZ - PISY - ITRDB RUS343

description: The data set presented represents 15 years of collection. It contains tree-ring width measurements from 64 sites of living trees and ten historical chronologies based on archaeological and construction wood up to year 572 CE, altogether 2909 tree-ring series and more than 450000 measured and cross-dated tree rings. It covers the vast territory of European Russia, including its forested northern and central parts, and the Northern Caucasus mountains. The potential use of these data include climatic reconstructions of regional and hemispheric scale, dendrochronological dating of historical and cultural wood, ecological and remote sensing studies.
description: Site information: upper-tree limit of Kyzgych valley NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-05-31.
DOI: 10.25921/jf4j-p556
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Granato-Souza - Blumenau - ALTR - ITRDB BRA004

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/jam6-8y52
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Hassan - Tabora - BRSP - ITRDB TZA001

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description:  Rings were dated according to the Southern Hemisphere convention of assigning the year based on when ring formation began (Schulman, 1956). NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/j1c2-v345
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Battipaglia - Libongo - ERIV - ITRDB CMR001

description: It is still unclear whether the exponential rise of atmospheric CO2 concentration has produced a fertilization effect on tropical forests, thus incrementing their growth rate, in the last two centuries. As many factors affect tree growth patterns, short -term studies might be influenced by the confounding effect of several interacting environmental variables on plant growth. Long-term analyses of tree growth can elucidate long-term trends of plant growth response to dominant drivers. The study of annual rings, applied to long tree-ring chronologies in tropical forest trees enables such analysis. Long-term tree-ring chronologies of three widespread African species were measured in Central Africa to analyze the growth of trees over the last two centuries. Growth trends were correlated to changes in global atmospheric CO2 concentration and local variations in the main climatic drivers, temperature and rainfall. Our results provided no evidence for a fertilization effect of CO2 on tree growth. On the contrary, an overall growth decline was observed for all three species in the last century, which appears to be significantly correlated to the increase in local temperature. These findings provide additional support to the global observations of a slowing down of C sequestration in the trunks of forest trees in recent decades. Data indicate that the CO2 increase alone has not been sufficient to obtain a tree growth increase in tropical trees. The effect of other changing environmental factors, like temperature, may have overridden the fertilization effect of CO2.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/j4nj-qb88
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Ferrero - Zapla - ZAJ - JGAU - ITRDB ARG156

description: Tree ring data from the International Tree Ring Data Bank and World Data Center for Paleoclimatology archives.  Most data sets include raw treering measurements (most are annual ring width, with some collections of earlywood or latewood width or wood density), plus chronologies (standardized growth indices for a site compiled from multiple treering samples). Reconstructions of climate variables are included with some of these data sets.  Each data type is stored in a separate data file; the data type is coded into the file name. For details please see: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treeinfo.htmll
description:  Rings were dated according to the Southern Hemisphere convention of assigning the year based on when ring formation began (Schulman, 1956). NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.
DOI: 10.25921/j0db-tr50
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - Pumijumnong - Nam Kong - TEGR - ITRDB THA018

description: Interannual variability in the global land carbon sink is strongly related to variations in tropical temperature and rainfall. This association suggests an important role for moisture-driven fluctuations in tropical vegetation productivity, but empirical evidence to quantify the responsible ecological processes is missing. Such evidence can be obtained from tree-ring data that quantify variability in a major vegetation productivity component: woody biomass growth. Here we compile a pantropical tree-ring network to show that annual woody biomass growth increases primarily with dry-season precipitation and decreases with dry-season maximum temperature. The strength of these dry-season climate responses varies among sites, as reflected in four robust and distinct climate response groups of tropical tree growth derived from clustering. Using cluster and regression analyses, we find that dry-season climate responses are amplified in regions that are drier, hotter and more climatically variable. These amplification patterns suggest that projected global warming will probably aggravate drought-induced declines in annual tropical vegetation productivity. Our study reveals a previously underappreciated role of dry-season climate variability in driving the dynamics of tropical vegetation productivity and consequently in influencing the land carbon sink.
description: NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2022-04-04.