cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8988026
title: EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WATER CONDITIONS ON RICE GROWTH AT THE SEEDLING STAGE

description: ABSTRACT Water scarcity has led to the adoption of water-saving irrigation technology around the world. Drip-irrigation has been used for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in Xinjiang, China. Researchers reported 12.0 t/ha yield; however, drip-irrigated rice produces around 6-8 t/ha in practice, and it is clear that water deficiency explains this gap. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to compare the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, and antioxidant activity of rice grown in nutrient solutions with water potentials of 0.00, -0.02, -0.05, and -0.09 MPa [0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively], to determine the optimal water conditions for drip-irrigated rice. There was no significant difference between the 0, 2.5, and 5.0% PEG treatments for relative growth rate and relative water content after 10 and 20 days. However, 2.5 and 5.0% PEG treatments substantially affected the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity after 10 and 20 days. Treatment with 7.5% PEG inhibited shoot growth. There was a significant reduction in antioxidant enzyme activity. Water-saving rice cultivation, such as drip-irrigated rice, suffered mild drought stress at -0.02 to -0.05 Mpa, but this did not inhibit growth. The amount of irrigation should be increased to obtain higher rice yields under drip-irrigation conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8988026.v1
title: EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT WATER CONDITIONS ON RICE GROWTH AT THE SEEDLING STAGE

description: ABSTRACT Water scarcity has led to the adoption of water-saving irrigation technology around the world. Drip-irrigation has been used for rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation in Xinjiang, China. Researchers reported 12.0 t/ha yield; however, drip-irrigated rice produces around 6-8 t/ha in practice, and it is clear that water deficiency explains this gap. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to compare the growth, photosynthetic characteristics, and antioxidant activity of rice grown in nutrient solutions with water potentials of 0.00, -0.02, -0.05, and -0.09 MPa [0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively], to determine the optimal water conditions for drip-irrigated rice. There was no significant difference between the 0, 2.5, and 5.0% PEG treatments for relative growth rate and relative water content after 10 and 20 days. However, 2.5 and 5.0% PEG treatments substantially affected the photosynthetic capacity and antioxidant enzyme activity after 10 and 20 days. Treatment with 7.5% PEG inhibited shoot growth. There was a significant reduction in antioxidant enzyme activity. Water-saving rice cultivation, such as drip-irrigated rice, suffered mild drought stress at -0.02 to -0.05 Mpa, but this did not inhibit growth. The amount of irrigation should be increased to obtain higher rice yields under drip-irrigation conditions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987420
title: CELL DAMAGE, WATER STATUS AND GAS EXCHANGES IN CASTOR BEAN AS AFFECTED BY CATIONIC COMPOSITION OF WATER

description: ABSTRACT Castor bean is an oilseed crop which is able to adapt to various edaphoclimatic conditions and has considerable contents of oil in its seeds, with potential for use in the castor oil industry. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate changes in membrane damage, water status and gas exchanges in castor bean plants (cv. ‘BRS Energia’) in response to irrigation water salinity and cationic composition. Randomized blocks were used to test six cationic compositions (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na+ + Ca2+; S5 - K+ and S6 - Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+), in four replicates. Plants in the control treatment were subjected to irrigation using water of low electrical conductivity (S1 - ECw = 0.6 dS m-1), whereas those in the other treatments were irrigated using 4.5 dS m-1 water prepared with different cations. Higher leaf succulence associated with lower water saturation deficit is an indication of tolerance to salt stress in castor bean plants irrigated with K+-rich water. The presence of Na+ in irrigation water caused the highest water saturation deficit in castor bean leaf blades. The lowest damage in cell membranes was observed in plants irrigated with Ca2+-rich water. The damaging effect of salt stress on castor bean gas exchanges depends on the cationic composition of water and occurred in the following order: Na+&gt;Na++Ca2+&gt;Ca2+&gt; Na++Ca2++Mg2+&gt;K+.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987420.v1
title: CELL DAMAGE, WATER STATUS AND GAS EXCHANGES IN CASTOR BEAN AS AFFECTED BY CATIONIC COMPOSITION OF WATER

description: ABSTRACT Castor bean is an oilseed crop which is able to adapt to various edaphoclimatic conditions and has considerable contents of oil in its seeds, with potential for use in the castor oil industry. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate changes in membrane damage, water status and gas exchanges in castor bean plants (cv. ‘BRS Energia’) in response to irrigation water salinity and cationic composition. Randomized blocks were used to test six cationic compositions (S1 - Control; S2 - Na+; S3 - Ca2+; S4 - Na+ + Ca2+; S5 - K+ and S6 - Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+), in four replicates. Plants in the control treatment were subjected to irrigation using water of low electrical conductivity (S1 - ECw = 0.6 dS m-1), whereas those in the other treatments were irrigated using 4.5 dS m-1 water prepared with different cations. Higher leaf succulence associated with lower water saturation deficit is an indication of tolerance to salt stress in castor bean plants irrigated with K+-rich water. The presence of Na+ in irrigation water caused the highest water saturation deficit in castor bean leaf blades. The lowest damage in cell membranes was observed in plants irrigated with Ca2+-rich water. The damaging effect of salt stress on castor bean gas exchanges depends on the cationic composition of water and occurred in the following order: Na+&gt;Na++Ca2+&gt;Ca2+&gt; Na++Ca2++Mg2+&gt;K+.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986808
title: DELINEATION OF HOMOGENEOUS ZONES BASED ON GEOSTATISTICAL MODELS ROBUST TO OUTLIERS

description: ABSTRACT Measures of the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) of soil are used in many studies as indicators of spatial variability in physicochemical characteristics of production fields. Based on these measures, management zones (MZs) are delineated to improve agricultural management. However, these measures include outliers. The presence or incorrect identification and exclusion of outliers affect the variogram function and result in unreliable parameter estimates. Thus, the aim of this study was to model ECa data with outliers using methods based on robust approximation theory and model-based geostatistics to delineate MZs. Robust estimators developed by Cressie-Hawkins, Genton and MAD Dowd were tested. The Cressie-Hawkins semivariance estimator was selected, followed by the semivariogram cubic fit using Akaike information criterion (AIC). The robust kriging with an external drift plug-in was applied to fitted estimates, and the fuzzy k-means classifier was applied to the resulting ECa kriging map. Models with multiple MZs were evaluated using fuzzy k-means, and a map with two MZs was selected based on the fuzzy performance index (FPI), modified partition entropy (MPE) and Fukuyama-Sugeno and Xie-Beni indices. The defined MZs were validated based on differences between the ECa means using mixed linear models. The independent errors model was chosen for validation based on its AIC value. Thus, the results demonstrate that it is possible to delineate an MZ map without outlier exclusion, evidencing the efficacy of this methodology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986808.v1
title: DELINEATION OF HOMOGENEOUS ZONES BASED ON GEOSTATISTICAL MODELS ROBUST TO OUTLIERS

description: ABSTRACT Measures of the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) of soil are used in many studies as indicators of spatial variability in physicochemical characteristics of production fields. Based on these measures, management zones (MZs) are delineated to improve agricultural management. However, these measures include outliers. The presence or incorrect identification and exclusion of outliers affect the variogram function and result in unreliable parameter estimates. Thus, the aim of this study was to model ECa data with outliers using methods based on robust approximation theory and model-based geostatistics to delineate MZs. Robust estimators developed by Cressie-Hawkins, Genton and MAD Dowd were tested. The Cressie-Hawkins semivariance estimator was selected, followed by the semivariogram cubic fit using Akaike information criterion (AIC). The robust kriging with an external drift plug-in was applied to fitted estimates, and the fuzzy k-means classifier was applied to the resulting ECa kriging map. Models with multiple MZs were evaluated using fuzzy k-means, and a map with two MZs was selected based on the fuzzy performance index (FPI), modified partition entropy (MPE) and Fukuyama-Sugeno and Xie-Beni indices. The defined MZs were validated based on differences between the ECa means using mixed linear models. The independent errors model was chosen for validation based on its AIC value. Thus, the results demonstrate that it is possible to delineate an MZ map without outlier exclusion, evidencing the efficacy of this methodology.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986781
title: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ADDITIVES ON THE SILAGE QUALITY OF SWEET POTATO BRANCHES

description: ABSTRACT Sweet potato branches have potential use in animal feeding, even fresh or ensiled, and some additives may enhance their quality. This study aimed at assessing silage quality of sweet potato branches using different additives. We ensiled sweet potato branches without additive (control) and with the addition of 10% disintegrated corn with straw and corncob (DCSC), 10% sugarcane bagasse from alembic, 10% citrus pulp, and 10% coffee husk. Three samples of each plot were obtained after drying for measurements of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, mineral matter, starch, soluble sugars, pH, lactic acid bacteria population, gas, and effluent losses. Silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and coffee rusk reached the highest dry matter contents. Moreover, citrus pulp silage had a high content of NDF. In contrast, DCSC silage showed the lowest content of ADF. Lignin was low in silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and control (without additive). Suitable amounts of starch, crude protein, and lactic acid bacteria population were found in all treatments. Silage with DCSC achieved the best results for the assessed variables. Therefore, DCSC is the most suitable additive to improve silage quality of sweet potato branches.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986781.v1
title: EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ADDITIVES ON THE SILAGE QUALITY OF SWEET POTATO BRANCHES

description: ABSTRACT Sweet potato branches have potential use in animal feeding, even fresh or ensiled, and some additives may enhance their quality. This study aimed at assessing silage quality of sweet potato branches using different additives. We ensiled sweet potato branches without additive (control) and with the addition of 10% disintegrated corn with straw and corncob (DCSC), 10% sugarcane bagasse from alembic, 10% citrus pulp, and 10% coffee husk. Three samples of each plot were obtained after drying for measurements of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, mineral matter, starch, soluble sugars, pH, lactic acid bacteria population, gas, and effluent losses. Silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and coffee rusk reached the highest dry matter contents. Moreover, citrus pulp silage had a high content of NDF. In contrast, DCSC silage showed the lowest content of ADF. Lignin was low in silage with DCSC, citrus pulp, and control (without additive). Suitable amounts of starch, crude protein, and lactic acid bacteria population were found in all treatments. Silage with DCSC achieved the best results for the assessed variables. Therefore, DCSC is the most suitable additive to improve silage quality of sweet potato branches.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986910
title: GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY OF Atriplex nummularia UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MOISTURE AND SALINE TAILINGS

description: ABSTRACT The disposal of the tailings (wastes) from desalinators is a growing problem, especially in semi-arid regions, and it is necessary to study halophytes such as Atriplex nummularia for the reuse of these saline waters. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between levels of soil water content and salinity of irrigation water, gas exchange and growth of Atriplex nummularia Lindl. The plants were cultivated in vases with soils under two moisture levels (50 and 100% of the field capacity) and irrigated with saline waters from dilution of the desalinator waste, to obtain the following electrical conductivities (EC) of 0.39; 1.54; 2.15; 2.79; and 3.63 dS m-1. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 160 days, with a triple factorial arrangement of 2x5x3, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The photosynthetic, biometric and plant biomass parameters were evaluated. Irrigation with saline water reduced the net photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΔF/Fm’), photochemical quenching (qP) and the electron transport rate (ETR) of the plants for the two conditions of soil moisture. However, it did not impair the efficiencies of water use (WUE) and carboxylation (EIC) of plants. Plant growth rate and leaf biomass were stimulated under irrigation with saline water (EC ≤ 3.63 dS m-1), and when associated with soil moisture of 100% FC leaf biomass gains &gt; 100% were obtained.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8986910.v1
title: GROWTH AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY OF Atriplex nummularia UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MOISTURE AND SALINE TAILINGS

description: ABSTRACT The disposal of the tailings (wastes) from desalinators is a growing problem, especially in semi-arid regions, and it is necessary to study halophytes such as Atriplex nummularia for the reuse of these saline waters. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between levels of soil water content and salinity of irrigation water, gas exchange and growth of Atriplex nummularia Lindl. The plants were cultivated in vases with soils under two moisture levels (50 and 100% of the field capacity) and irrigated with saline waters from dilution of the desalinator waste, to obtain the following electrical conductivities (EC) of 0.39; 1.54; 2.15; 2.79; and 3.63 dS m-1. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 160 days, with a triple factorial arrangement of 2x5x3, in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The photosynthetic, biometric and plant biomass parameters were evaluated. Irrigation with saline water reduced the net photosynthetic rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (ΔF/Fm’), photochemical quenching (qP) and the electron transport rate (ETR) of the plants for the two conditions of soil moisture. However, it did not impair the efficiencies of water use (WUE) and carboxylation (EIC) of plants. Plant growth rate and leaf biomass were stimulated under irrigation with saline water (EC ≤ 3.63 dS m-1), and when associated with soil moisture of 100% FC leaf biomass gains &gt; 100% were obtained.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987102
title: AGRONOMIC AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUNFLOWER INTERCROPPED WITH FORAGE IN A CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION SYSTEM

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and yield of a sunflower crop grown together with forages in a crop-livestock integration system. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, in a 3×3 + 1 factorial scheme. Three sunflower intercropping with forage plants [sunflower + Urochloa ruziziensis (SB); sunflower + Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania (SP); sunflower + Urochloa ruziziensis + Cajanus cajan (SBGu)], sown in three ways [simultaneous sowing (SS), delayed sowing (DS), and simultaneous sowing with herbicide/graminicide (SSH) application], with the monocroped sunflower as a control, with three years of cultivation (2013, 2014, and 2015). The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, stalk diameter, head diameter, number of achenes per heads, the mass of thousand achenes, harvest index, and the productivity of achenes. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by the Tukey and Dunnett tests at 5% probability. The SB and SBGu intercropped promote greater sunflower productivity. The forage Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania in intercropped with sunflower reduces plant production components and productivity. Lapsed sowing delayed and simultaneous sowing with herbicide/graminicide application promote higher productivity of sunflower.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987102.v1
title: AGRONOMIC AND PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUNFLOWER INTERCROPPED WITH FORAGE IN A CROP-LIVESTOCK INTEGRATION SYSTEM

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and yield of a sunflower crop grown together with forages in a crop-livestock integration system. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design, in a 3×3 + 1 factorial scheme. Three sunflower intercropping with forage plants [sunflower + Urochloa ruziziensis (SB); sunflower + Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania (SP); sunflower + Urochloa ruziziensis + Cajanus cajan (SBGu)], sown in three ways [simultaneous sowing (SS), delayed sowing (DS), and simultaneous sowing with herbicide/graminicide (SSH) application], with the monocroped sunflower as a control, with three years of cultivation (2013, 2014, and 2015). The following characteristics were evaluated: plant height, stalk diameter, head diameter, number of achenes per heads, the mass of thousand achenes, harvest index, and the productivity of achenes. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, and the means were compared by the Tukey and Dunnett tests at 5% probability. The SB and SBGu intercropped promote greater sunflower productivity. The forage Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania in intercropped with sunflower reduces plant production components and productivity. Lapsed sowing delayed and simultaneous sowing with herbicide/graminicide application promote higher productivity of sunflower.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987423
title: QUALITY, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY DURING MATURATION OF ORANGES PRODUCED IN THE BORBOREMA TERRITORY

description: ABSTRACT The family farming from the Borborema Territory-PB, Brazil, produces sweet oranges that supply the regional market. In this context, it is necessary to define standards of identity and quality, as well as to quantify the bioactive compounds in the fruit, in view of adding value and creating more competitive markets. This work sought to evaluate the quality, bioactive compounds and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of oranges from family farming. A 3x3 factorial completely randomized design was used, with three cultivars (Baía, Comum, Mimo-do-Céu) and three maturity stages (predominantly green, green/yellow, yellow), with 60 replications of 1 fruit for the physical evaluations, and 4 of 15 fruit for the others. The whole fruits were evaluated by color index, length, diameter, fresh weight and firmness. The juice was assessed for yield, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/AT ratio, and ascorbic acid. Total extractable polyphenols (TEP) and ABTS•+ and DPPH• total antioxidant activity (TAA) were measured in the juice and albedo. The 'Baía' and 'Mimo-do-Céu' oranges presented quality parameters aligned with the CEAGESP standards. On average, the ascorbic acid content was higher than 45 mg 100 g-1, with ‘Mimo-do-Céu’ presenting the highest content (50.26 mg 100 g-1). During maturation, the firmness decreased, and the SS, TEP and TAA of the juice and the albedo increased. In general, the TEP content was about eight-fold higher in the albedo than juice, corresponding to the much higher TAA in this portion, thereby highlighting its higher functional potential, especially for ‘Baía’ orange.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987423.v1
title: QUALITY, BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY DURING MATURATION OF ORANGES PRODUCED IN THE BORBOREMA TERRITORY

description: ABSTRACT The family farming from the Borborema Territory-PB, Brazil, produces sweet oranges that supply the regional market. In this context, it is necessary to define standards of identity and quality, as well as to quantify the bioactive compounds in the fruit, in view of adding value and creating more competitive markets. This work sought to evaluate the quality, bioactive compounds and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of oranges from family farming. A 3x3 factorial completely randomized design was used, with three cultivars (Baía, Comum, Mimo-do-Céu) and three maturity stages (predominantly green, green/yellow, yellow), with 60 replications of 1 fruit for the physical evaluations, and 4 of 15 fruit for the others. The whole fruits were evaluated by color index, length, diameter, fresh weight and firmness. The juice was assessed for yield, pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/AT ratio, and ascorbic acid. Total extractable polyphenols (TEP) and ABTS•+ and DPPH• total antioxidant activity (TAA) were measured in the juice and albedo. The 'Baía' and 'Mimo-do-Céu' oranges presented quality parameters aligned with the CEAGESP standards. On average, the ascorbic acid content was higher than 45 mg 100 g-1, with ‘Mimo-do-Céu’ presenting the highest content (50.26 mg 100 g-1). During maturation, the firmness decreased, and the SS, TEP and TAA of the juice and the albedo increased. In general, the TEP content was about eight-fold higher in the albedo than juice, corresponding to the much higher TAA in this portion, thereby highlighting its higher functional potential, especially for ‘Baía’ orange.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.8987195
title: SELECTION OF PEPPER ACCESSIONS WITH ORNAMENTAL POTENTIAL

description: ABSTRACT Ornamental plants are all plants grown for their beauty and are commonly used in gardening and landscaping. The colorful fruits and varied foliage colors that typify ornamental peppers provide a vibrant garden display that rivals other ornamental plants. This study aimed to evaluate the potential ornamental use of eight pepper accessions, Capsicum annuum, from the Capsicum Germplasm Bank of the Universidade Federal do Piauí, using qualitative and quantitative descriptors. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Department of Plant Science, Centre of Agricultural Sciences of Universidade Federal do Piauí, where the accessions were evaluated through a completely randomized design, with eight replicates, one plant per plot, and characterized based on 35 descriptors, 23 of which were qualitative and 12 quantitative. Data on quantitative descriptors were submitted to univariate analysis of variance, followed by Scott-Knott clustering test at 5% probability. Data on qualitative multicategorical descriptors were considered based on observations of statistical mode. The eight accessions evaluated have ornamental potential and are within the standards established by the Instituto Brasileiro de Floricultura. The accessions BAGC 98, 100, 203, 207, 224, and 236 accessions are suitable for cultivation in pots, while BAGC 220 is suitable for garden cultivation. BAGC 199 is the most promising accession because it supports all quality criteria required for size, foliage, flowers, and fruit proposed by the Veiling Holambra Cooperative.