cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.3xsj3txbg
title: Measuring phenotypes in fluctuating environments

description: 1. Despite considerable theoretical interest in how the evolution of
 phenotypic plasticity should be shaped by environmental variability and
 stochasticity, how individuals actually respond to these aspects of the
 environment within their own lifetimes remains unclear. 2. We propose that
 this understanding has been hampered by experimental approaches that
 expose organisms to fluctuating environments (typically treatments where
 fluctuations in the environment are cyclical versus erratic) for a
 pre-determined duration, while ensuring that the mean environment over
 that the entire exposure period is invariable. This approach implicitly
 assumes that responses to the mean and variance/predictability in the
 environment occur over the same time scale. If this assumption is false,
 one potential outcome is that phenotypic differences among the treatment
 groups might arise in response to differences in the mean environment that
 are present over shorter time periods among those same treatment groups.
 3. We illustrate an experimental design that (i) creates variation in the
 level of environmental predictability, (ii) allows for estimation of the
 time scale over which the phenotypic response to the mean environment
 occurs, and (iii) permits statistical estimation of the effect of
 predictability in the environmental variable of interest while controlling
 for any effect of the mean environment over the relevant temporal scale.
 4. Using the clonally reproducing zooplankton species Daphnia magna, we
 test for within-generation plasticity in the ability to tolerate high
 temperature following exposure to multiple temperature treatments with the
 same overall mean, but where the pattern of fluctuations differed among
 them. This approach revealed that heat tolerance in Daphnia was not
 influenced by variability in temperature per se nor the predictability of
 fluctuations in temperature but adjusted in response to the mean
 temperature they experienced 24 hours prior to measurement. 5. Our results
 suggest that conclusions arising from studies that employ a single
 manipulation of environmental predictability and which cannot consider
 such potentially confounding effects may be premature.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.kprr4xh12
title: Data from: Differential aging trajectories in motivation, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus)

description: Across the life-span, the performance in problem-solving tasks varies
 strongly, due to age-related variation in cognitive abilities as well as
 the motivation to engage in a task. Nonhuman primates provide an
 evolutionary perspective on human cognitive and motivational aging, as
 they lack an insight into their own limited lifetime, and aging
 trajectories are not affected by customs and societal norms. To test
 age-related variation in inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and
 persistence, we presented Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus), living at La
 Forêt des Singes in Rocamadour (France), with three problem-solving tasks.
 We conducted 297 trials with 143 subjects aged 2—30 years. We found no
 effect of age on success and latency to succeed in the inhibitory control
 task. In the cognitive flexibility task, 21 out of 99 monkeys were able to
 switch their strategy, but there was no evidence for an effect of age.
 Yet, the persistence in the motivation task as well as the overall
 likelihood to participate in any of the tasks declined with increasing
 age. These results suggest that motivation declines earlier than the
 cognitive abilities assessed in this study, corroborating the notion that
 non-human primates and humans show similar changes in motivation in old
 age.
description: Raw data and R code for statistical analysis
DOI: 10.15468/dl.zzzftd
title: Occurrence Download

description: A dataset containing 81896 species occurrences available in GBIF matching the query:
{
 "DatasetKey" : [
 "is Saproxylic fungi of fine woody debris studied by metabarcoding-based MycoPins method in Oulanka, Finland, 2022-2023"
 ]
}

 The dataset includes 81896 records from 1 constituent datasets; see https://api.gbif.org/v1/occurrence/download/0002073-260126135527185/datasets/export for details.
 
Data from some individual datasets included in this download may be licensed under less restrictive terms.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.qz612jm9h
title: A mesocosm comparison of laboratory‐based and on‐site eDNA solutions for detection and quantification of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) in marine ecosystems

description: Environmental effects monitoring in marine ecosystems are challenging,
 particularly in dynamic macrotidal settings like the Bay of
 Fundy.  Environmental DNA provides a useful tool for determining
 species presence in such challenging places to access and sample.
 Moreover, recent studies showing a link between eDNA concentration and
 fish density/biomass reveal the great promise for eDNA tools to improve
 biodiversity assessments in marine environments.  Three mesocosm
 experiments were conducted to assess the accuracy and precision of a
 hand-held point-of-need (PoN) tool for quantitative polymerase chain
 reaction (qPCR) assay for eDNA detection of striped bass (Morone
 saxatilis) versus conventional laboratory-based eDNA techniques. The first
 of these experiments determined that striped bass eDNA was reliably
 detected using either of the laboratory-based or PoN platforms, with some
 variation observed in the estimates of eDNA concentrations derived from
 each.  Next, a time series experiment established that eDNA in
 water samples collected within a 24-hour period of exposure to striped
 bass was reliably and consistently detectable with either platform. Our
 final experiment found that the relationship between eDNA concentrations
 and manipulated striped bass stocking densities was significant and
 positive based on results from each of the laboratory-based or PoN
 platforms. Our results validate and advance eDNA approaches towards
 environmental monitoring efforts and demonstrate the potential for
 real-time eDNA tools to quantify and identify the spatial and temporal
 distribution of species-at-risk in an open ocean environment. 
description: As per publication.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.69p8cz8xj
title: Data from: Cumulative energetic costs of military aircraft, recreational and natural disturbance in roosting shorebirds

description: Knowing the consequences of disturbance for multiple species and all
 disturbance sources is crucial to mitigate disturbance impacts in densely
 populated areas. However, studies that observe the complete disturbance
 landscape to estimate cumulative costs of disturbance are scarce.
 Therefore, we quantified responses, frequencies and energetic costs of
 disturbance of four shorebird species on five high tide roosts in the
 Wadden Sea. Roosts were located either in a military air force training
 area or were predominantly affected by recreational disturbance. In the
 military training area, infrequent transport airplanes and bombing jets
 elicited the strongest responses, whereas regular, predictable activities
 of jet fighters and small civil airplanes elicited far smaller responses.
 Disturbance occurred more frequently at roosts near recreational than near
 military activities, as recreation was prohibited in the military area
 during operation days. On average, birds took flight due to military,
 recreational or natural disturbance (e.g. raptors) 0.20–1.27 times per
 hour. High tide disturbance increased daily energy expenditure by
 0.1%–1.4%, of which 51% was due to anthropogenic disturbance in contrast
 to natural disturbance. Costs were low for curlews Numenius arquata,
 oystercatchers Haematopus ostralegus and gulls Larus spp, but higher – and
 potentially critical – for bar-tailed godwits Limosa lapponica as they
 were most susceptible to aircraft and raptors. Given that bar-tailed
 godwits have previously been found to be least susceptible to walker
 disturbances, our results suggest that interspecific differences in
 susceptibility depend on disturbance source type. In our study area,
 aircraft disturbance impacts can be reduced by avoiding jet fighter
 activities during periods when high water levels force birds closer to
 military targets and by limiting bombing and transport airplane exercises.
description: These data include observed bird numbers and disturbances on the
 Wadden Island Vlieland. See ReadMe.txt for an explanation of each data
 file and all columns. See http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acv.12546 for a
 description of how the data was collected.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wm37pvmhk
title: Beyond Buddhism and animism: A psychometric test of the structure of Burmese Theravada Buddhism

description: Anthropologists and religious scholars have long debated the relationship
 between doctrinal Theravada Buddhism, so-called ‘animism’, and other folk
 practices in southeast Asian societies. A variety of models of this
 relationship have been proposed on the basis of ethnographic evidence. We
 provide the first psychometric and quantitative evaluation of these
 competing models, using a new scale developed for this purpose, the
 Burmese Buddhist Religiosity Scale. Having tested existing hypotheses in
 our first study (n = 2285) we formulated an alternative model, which was
 then tested in our second study (n = 3377). We argue that this model
 provides support for a two-dimensional distinction between great and
 little traditions, shedding light on decades-old theoretical debates. Far
 from being in conflict, the transnational religious tradition of the
 literati and the variegated religious practices of locals appear to be
 reflected in two complementary dimensions of religiosity. This distinction
 has been heretofore neglected in psychometric research, but arguably
 merits attention beyond Buddhism, in the psychology of religion more
 generally. Our findings suggest that, insofar as research on religiosity
 relies on doctrinal pronouncements denigrating little traditions as mere
 superstition, it may be blinded to a crucial dimension of religious life.
description: Items for the Burmese Buddhist Religiosity Scale (BBRS) are
 labelled as in the article. In study 1, the 24 items
 beginning with 'BuddhismAttitudes' are the 24 items of
 Thanissaro's Scale of Attitudes to Buddhism (TSAB), in the order in
 which they are listed in Thanissaro (2016).
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.wstqjq2gm
title: LSTM neural network for textual ngrams

description: Cognitive neuroscience is the study of how the human brain functions on
 tasks like decision making, language, perception and reasoning. Deep
 learning is a class of machine learning algorithms that use neural
 networks. They are designed to model the responses of neurons in the human
 brain. Learning can be supervised or unsupervised. Ngram token models are
 used extensively in language prediction. Ngrams are probabilistic models
 that are used in predicting the next word or token. They are a statistical
 model of word sequences or tokens and are called Language Models or Lms.
 Ngrams are essential in creating language prediction models. We are
 exploring a broader sandbox ecosystems enabling for AI. Specifically,
 around Deep learning applications on unstructured content form on the web.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.z612jm682
title: Data from: Nutritional geometry of mitochondrial genetic effects on male fertility

description: Organismal fitness is partly determined by how well the nutritional intake
 matches sex-specific metabolic requirements. Metabolism itself is
 underpinned by complex genomic interactions involving products from both
 nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Products from these two genomes must
 coordinate how nutrients are extracted, utilised and recycled; processes
 vital for fuelling reproduction.  Given the complicated nature of
 metabolism, it is not well understood how the functioning of these two
 genomes is modulated by nutrients. Here we use nutritional geometry
 techniques on Drosophila lines that only differ in their mtDNA, with the
 aim to understand if there is nutrient-dependent mitochondrial genetic
 variance for male reproduction. We first find genetic variance for diet
 consumption, indicating that flies are consuming different amounts of food
 to meet new physiological requirements. We then find an interaction
 between mtDNA and diet for fitness, suggesting that the mtDNA plays a role
 in modulating diet-dependent fitness. Our results enhance our basic
 understanding of nutritional health and our chimeric genomes.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.k6djh9w39
title: The role of biotic interactions in determining metal hyperaccumulation in plants

description: • Heavy metal hyperaccumulation (MH) is a rare trait found in plant
 species that inhabit metal contaminated soils. Two main hypotheses
 proposed to explain the selective advantage of MH are the elemental
 defense hypothesis and elemental allelopathy hypothesis. The elemental
 defence hypothesis suggests that MH functions as defence against
 herbivores while the elemental allelopathy hypothesis suggests that MH
 acts to inhibit the growth of neighbours. Nevertheless, these hypotheses
 are not likely to be mutually exclusive. Here, we present the first study
 to test both hypotheses simultaneously. We examined these hypotheses with
 the Cd hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri, which inhabits both
 metalliferous and non-metalliferous soils, thus providing an opportunity
 to test the hypotheses both habitats. • A. halleri plants originating from
 several populations in both metalliferous and non-metalliferous soils were
 grown in a greenhouse in soils with or without cadmium (Cd), Their leaves
 were used in a feeding experiment with a specialist herbivore and in a set
 of leaf-leachate experiments that tested their effect on seed germination
 and seedling establishment of species co-occurring with A. halleri.
 Finally, a field survey in several A. halleri populations was conducted to
 compare herbivore load between A. halleri and neighbours from
 metalliferous vs. non-metalliferous soils. • Results of the feeding
 experiment and field-survey suggest that Cd accumulation in A. halleri
 leaves could provide it with defence against herbivores. Results of the
 leaf-leachate experiments reveal that Cd accumulation has no effect on
 seed germination of neighbouring species but inhibits seedling
 establishment, particularly of plant species originating from
 non-metalliferous soils. • Our results suggest that both herbivores and
 competing neighbours may jointly select for MH in plants. Moreover, MH
 could provide a selective advantage particularly in non-metalliferous
 soils, where neighbouring plants lack metal tolerance. These results
 highlight the importance of including different origins and populations of
 both the target species and its neighbouring plant species when studying
 the ecological role of metal hyperaccumulation.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.9s4mw6mbw
title: Data from: Sex-specific differences in the response of prey to predation risk

description: The nonconsumptive effects of predation risk can strongly affect prey
 behavior and fitness with emergent effects on community structure and
 ecosystem functioning. Prey may respond differently to predation risk
 based on key traits such as sex, but the influence of sex-specific
 variation is typically explored in species with strong sexual dimorphism.
 However, sex-specific responses to predation risk may arise even in prey
 species lacking sexual dimorphisms based on differences in the relative
 cost of reproduction. Using a rocky intertidal food chain, we conducted a
 laboratory mesocosm experiment to explore sex-specific responses of
 morphologically similar, reproductively mature prey (the snail Nucella
 lapillus) to predation risk and whether risk affected female fecundity. We
 found that predation risk suppressed prey growth only in males via effects
 on growth efficiency, suggesting that sex-specific disparities may arise
 due to differences in the energy required for reproduction and/or the
 costs of mounting a physiological stress response. Moreover, while risk
 did not affect overall female fecundity, it eliminated the positive
 relationship between female size and fecundity observed in the absence of
 risk. We hypothesize that these sex-specific disparities arise due to
 differences in the energy required for reproduction and/or the costs of
 mounting a physiological stress response. Reproduction is likely more
 costly for females than males, so females may display weaker antipredator
 responses in order to maintain energetic reserves needed for reproduction.
 Our results suggest that sex-specific responses may be an important
 component of inter-individual differences in prey responses to risk and
 influence prey population growth and demography even in species lacking
 sexual dimorphism.
DOI: 10.5061/dryad.2fqz612kd
title: Data from: Fin ray patterns at the fin to limb transition

description: The fin-to-limb transition was marked by the origin of digits and the loss
 of dermal fin rays. Paleontological research into this transformation has
 focused on the evolution of the endoskeleton with little attention paid to
 fin ray structure and function. To address this knowledge gap, we study
 the dermal rays of the pectoral fins of three key tetrapodomorph
 taxa—Sauripterus taylori (Rhizodontida), Eusthenopteron foordi
 (Tristichopteridae), and Tiktaalik roseae (Elpistostegalia)—using computed
 tomography. These data show several trends in the lineage leading to
 digited forms, including the consolidation of fin rays (e.g., reduced
 segmentation and branching), reduction of the fin web and, unexpectedly,
 the evolution of asymmetry between dorsal and ventral hemitrichia. In
 Eusthenopteron, dorsal rays cover the preaxial endoskeleton slightly more
 than ventral rays. In Tiktaalik, dorsal rays fully cover the third and
 fourth mesomeres, while ventral rays are restricted distal to these
 elements, suggesting the presence of ventralized musculature at the fin
 tip, analogous to a fleshy ‘palm.’ Asymmetry is also observed in cross
 sectional area of dorsal and ventral rays. Eusthenopteron dorsal rays are
 slightly larger than ventral rays; by contrast, Tiktaalik dorsal rays can
 be several times larger than ventral rays, and degree of asymmetry appears
 to be greater at larger sizes. Analysis of extant osteichthyans suggests
 cross sectional asymmetry in the dermal rays of paired fins are
 plesiomorphic to crown-group osteichthyans. The evolution of dermal rays
 in crownward stem tetrapods reflects adaptation for a fin-supported
 elevated posture and resistance to substrate-based loading prior to the
 origin of digits.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18313386
title: Invasion dynamics of the disease vector Aedes japonicus in Spain

description: Native to East Asia, the Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus) has recently expanded its global range, with established invasive populations in Europe and North America. Given its potential role as a vector of various arboviruses, understanding its invasion process and ecological dynamics is crucial for managing its spread and mitigating public health risks. In the Iberian Peninsula, the species was first detected in Asturias in 2018 and has since expanded to neighbouring regions. Here, we elucidate the invasion pathways and possible origins of Ae. japonicus populations in Spain using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data and microsatellite markers, and by screening for the presence of maternally transmitted bacteria of the genus Wolbachia, which is known to affect mitochondrial DNA diversity. We analysed 635 Ae. japonicus specimens collected between 2018 and 2023 from 14 countries, including Japan (native range), the United States, and 12 European countries including Spain. No clear association between haplotypes and geographical location was detected in any of the three genes analysed (nuclear ITS2, mitochondrial COI and ND4), providing limited insight into the origin of the Spanish Ae. japonicus. Wolbachia was not detected in any of the screened samples based on the wsp gene. In contrast, population structure analysis based on microsatellites revealed a clearer picture of geographic association. Most of the Spanish samples clustered closely with those from College Park, Maryland (USA), located near the Port of Baltimore, one of the largest ports in the United States and a recognised gateway for invasive species introductions. Northern Spain hosts major seaports such as Bilbao and Gijón, both ranked among the ten largest in the country, whereas the nearest established Ae. japonicus population in Europe lies over 1,000 km away in northeastern France. Taken together, these findings suggest that the most plausible invasion route of Ae. japonicus into Spain involves maritime transport of eggs from the eastern coast of the United States (Port of Baltimore, Maryland) to northern Spanish ports, likely accompanied by additional minor introductions of European origin. The inclusion of additional microsatellite loci originally developed for Ae. albopictus yielded results consistent with those obtained using Ae. japonicus-specific loci, reinforcing the robustness of the observed patterns. This work provides new insights into the invasion process of Ae. japonicus in Europe and highlights the need for continuous monitoring and tailored interventions at key ports of entry.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18313387
title: Invasion dynamics of the disease vector Aedes japonicus in Spain

description: Native to East Asia, the Asian bush mosquito (Aedes japonicus) has recently expanded its global range, with established invasive populations in Europe and North America. Given its potential role as a vector of various arboviruses, understanding its invasion process and ecological dynamics is crucial for managing its spread and mitigating public health risks. In the Iberian Peninsula, the species was first detected in Asturias in 2018 and has since expanded to neighbouring regions. Here, we elucidate the invasion pathways and possible origins of Ae. japonicus populations in Spain using mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data and microsatellite markers, and by screening for the presence of maternally transmitted bacteria of the genus Wolbachia, which is known to affect mitochondrial DNA diversity. We analysed 635 Ae. japonicus specimens collected between 2018 and 2023 from 14 countries, including Japan (native range), the United States, and 12 European countries including Spain. No clear association between haplotypes and geographical location was detected in any of the three genes analysed (nuclear ITS2, mitochondrial COI and ND4), providing limited insight into the origin of the Spanish Ae. japonicus. Wolbachia was not detected in any of the screened samples based on the wsp gene. In contrast, population structure analysis based on microsatellites revealed a clearer picture of geographic association. Most of the Spanish samples clustered closely with those from College Park, Maryland (USA), located near the Port of Baltimore, one of the largest ports in the United States and a recognised gateway for invasive species introductions. Northern Spain hosts major seaports such as Bilbao and Gijón, both ranked among the ten largest in the country, whereas the nearest established Ae. japonicus population in Europe lies over 1,000 km away in northeastern France. Taken together, these findings suggest that the most plausible invasion route of Ae. japonicus into Spain involves maritime transport of eggs from the eastern coast of the United States (Port of Baltimore, Maryland) to northern Spanish ports, likely accompanied by additional minor introductions of European origin. The inclusion of additional microsatellite loci originally developed for Ae. albopictus yielded results consistent with those obtained using Ae. japonicus-specific loci, reinforcing the robustness of the observed patterns. This work provides new insights into the invasion process of Ae. japonicus in Europe and highlights the need for continuous monitoring and tailored interventions at key ports of entry.