DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17335094
title: Egypt-RedSea Earthquake Dataset (1955-2024)

description: Dataset Overview




Property
Value




Dataset Name
Egypt-RedSea Earthquake Dataset (1955-2024)


Source
USGS Earthquake Catalog


Geographic Region
Egypt and surrounding Red Sea region


Time Period
1955-11-12 to 2024-10-31


Duration
69 years


Total Records
473


Total Features
16


Magnitude Scale
Unified to Moment Magnitude (Mw)


File Format
CSV




Target Variables

1. mag_Mw (Continuous - Regression)

Unified moment magnitude scale - the gold standard for earthquake measurement.




Statistic
Value




Minimum
1.851


Median
4.140


Mean
4.059 ± 0.878


Maximum
7.200




Use Case: Predicting precise earthquake magnitude for early warning systems

2. mag_category_3classes (3-Class Classification)

Simplified seismic hazard classification.




Class
Label
Magnitude Range
Count
Percentage




0
Low
< 3.5
114
24.1%


1
Medium
3.5 - 4.5
198
41.9%


2
High
> 4.5
161
34.0%




Use Case: Quick seismic hazard assessment, emergency response classification

3. depth_category_3classes (3-Class Classification)

Earthquake focal depth classification - critical for damage assessment.




Class
Label
Depth Range
Count
Percentage




0
Shallow
< 10 km
410
86.7%


1
Intermediate
10 - 30 km
53
11.2%


2
Deep
≥ 30 km
10
2.1%




Use Case: Damage potential assessment, structural engineering requirements

Magnitude Unification to Mw

All earthquake magnitudes have been converted to Moment Magnitude (Mw) using scientifically validated empirical relationships from Scordilis (2006).

Conversion Equations




Original Scale
Conversion Formula
Use Case




mb (Body wave)
Mw = 0.85 × mb + 1.03
Deep earthquakes, teleseismic events


ms (Surface wave)
Mw = 0.67 × ms + 2.07
Large shallow earthquakes (M > 6.2)


ml (Local/Richter)
Mw = 0.85 × ml + 0.15
Local small-medium earthquakes


md (Duration)
Mw = 1.09 × md - 0.22
Very small earthquakes


mb_lg (Lg wave)
Mw = 0.93 × mb_lg + 0.45
Regional earthquakes




Why Moment Magnitude (Mw)?





✅ Physically Based: Measures actual seismic energy released




✅ No Saturation: Accurate for all earthquake sizes




✅ Globally Consistent: Standard for scientific research




✅ Unified Scale: Enables direct comparison across events



Features

Spatial Features (3)





latitude - Epicenter latitude (°N)




longitude - Epicenter longitude (°E)




depth - Focal depth (km)



Temporal Features (1)





time - UTC timestamp



Seismic Properties (2)





mag_Mw - Unified moment magnitude (TARGET)




rms - Root mean square residuals (location quality)



Rolling Statistics (7)





days_since_last_event - Days since previous earthquake




events_last_30_days - Event count in 30-day window




events_last_90_days - Event count in 90-day window




avg_mag_last_30_days - Average magnitude (30 days)




avg_mag_last_90_days - Average magnitude (90 days)




max_mag_last_30_days - Maximum magnitude (30 days)




max_mag_last_90_days - Maximum magnitude (90 days)



Geographic Features (1)





distance_from_cairo_km - Distance from Cairo city center



Target Variables (3)





mag_Mw - Regression target




mag_category_3classes - 3-class magnitude classification




depth_category_3classes - 3-class depth classification



📋 Dataset Schema

time                        datetime64[ns]   # UTC timestamplatitude                    float64          # Epicenter latitude (°N)longitude                   float64          # Epicenter longitude (°E)depth                       float64          # Focal depth (km)rms                         float64          # RMS residuals (s)mag_Mw                      float64          # Unified moment magnitude ⭐days_since_last_event       int64            # Days since previous earthquakeevents_last_30_days         int64            # 30-day event countevents_last_90_days         int64            # 90-day event countavg_mag_last_30_days        float64          # 30-day avg magnitudeavg_mag_last_90_days        float64          # 90-day avg magnitudemax_mag_last_30_days        float64          # 30-day max magnitudemax_mag_last_90_days        float64          # 90-day max magnitudedistance_from_cairo_km      float64          # Distance from Cairomag_category_3classes       int64            # 0=Low, 1=Medium, 2=High ⭐depth_category_3classes     int64            # 0=Shallow, 1=Intermediate, 2=Deep ⭐

⭐ Target Variable

 

Total Features: 16 Total Records: 473 Missing Values: 0 (100% complete dataset)

Key Highlights





✅ Unified Magnitude Scale: All magnitudes converted to Mw using scientific equations




📈 3 Target Variables: Continuous magnitude + 2 classification tasks




🎯 Multi-Task Learning Ready: Regression and classification in one dataset




🌐 Geographic Coverage: Egypt and Red Sea region




⏱️ Rich Temporal Features: 69 years of seismic activity (1955-2024)




📊 Rolling Statistics: 30 and 90-day windows for temporal patterns




🔬 Scientific Validation: Conversion equations from Scordilis (2006)



Use Cases





Earthquake magnitude prediction (regression)




Seismic hazard classification




Depth-based damage assessment




Temporal pattern analysis




Multi-task learning applications




Early warning system development



📞 Data Sources





Primary: USGS Earthquake Catalog (https://earthquake.usgs.gov/)




Conversion Methods: Scordilis (2006), Grünthal et al. (2009)




Geographic Region: Egypt and Red Sea Rift Zone




Processing Date: October 2025



 

📜 License

This dataset is derived from USGS Earthquake Catalog (public domain). The preprocessed version maintains open access for research and educational purposes under Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).