cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020527
title: NO FISCAL NEUTRALITY, PUBLIC SPENDING AND AGENTS HETEROGENEOUS

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to verify if fiscal policy is not neutral in an endogeneity of public spending environment with heterogeneous agents. Fiscal policy is herein considered as being conducted by two instruments, namely the lump-sum taxes and public spending. To achieve the proposed objective it has been built up a new Keynesian model based on the works by Blanchard (1985) and Leith & Thadden (2008). The results of the dynamic system indicate that monetary and fiscal policies should be active, which reveals the non-neutrality of fiscal policy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020527.v1
title: NO FISCAL NEUTRALITY, PUBLIC SPENDING AND AGENTS HETEROGENEOUS

description: ABSTRACT The objective of this study is to verify if fiscal policy is not neutral in an endogeneity of public spending environment with heterogeneous agents. Fiscal policy is herein considered as being conducted by two instruments, namely the lump-sum taxes and public spending. To achieve the proposed objective it has been built up a new Keynesian model based on the works by Blanchard (1985) and Leith & Thadden (2008). The results of the dynamic system indicate that monetary and fiscal policies should be active, which reveals the non-neutrality of fiscal policy.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19375311
title: Nitrogen dioxide line shift coefficients induced by air pressure

description: Theoretical line shifts of nitrogen dioxide lines induced by air are reported at the room temperature (296 K). Calculations are performed for ∼31500 lines in the spectral range of 5700–7500 cm<sup>−1</sup> for the ν1+3ν3,ν1+4ν3,2ν1+3ν2+ν3,3ν1+ν2+ν3,2ν2+3ν3and4ν3 bands including rotational quantum numbers up to N<i> </i>= 87 and Ka<i><sub> </sub></i>= 20. The data have been evaluated theoretically by a semi-empirical method which is based on the impact theory of broadening and includes the correction factors whose parameters can be determined by fitting the shift coefficients to the experimental data. Nitrogen dioxide plays an important role in the Earth’s tropospheric and stratospheric photochemistry, it is one of the most common anthropogenic substances emitted into the atmosphere. Nitrogen dioxide is involved in the production and destruction of ozone. The infra-red high resolution spectra of NO<sub>2</sub> are the subject of intense interest during recent years. Obtained results are implemented in spectroscopic databases aimed at atmospheric applications such as HITRAN and GEISA. As to the line shift parameters, there are few papers. In this work, theoretical NO<sub>2</sub>-line shifts induced by air are reported for many lines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.19375311.v1
title: Nitrogen dioxide line shift coefficients induced by air pressure

description: Theoretical line shifts of nitrogen dioxide lines induced by air are reported at the room temperature (296 K). Calculations are performed for ∼31500 lines in the spectral range of 5700–7500 cm<sup>−1</sup> for the ν1+3ν3,ν1+4ν3,2ν1+3ν2+ν3,3ν1+ν2+ν3,2ν2+3ν3and4ν3 bands including rotational quantum numbers up to N<i> </i>= 87 and Ka<i><sub> </sub></i>= 20. The data have been evaluated theoretically by a semi-empirical method which is based on the impact theory of broadening and includes the correction factors whose parameters can be determined by fitting the shift coefficients to the experimental data. Nitrogen dioxide plays an important role in the Earth’s tropospheric and stratospheric photochemistry, it is one of the most common anthropogenic substances emitted into the atmosphere. Nitrogen dioxide is involved in the production and destruction of ozone. The infra-red high resolution spectra of NO<sub>2</sub> are the subject of intense interest during recent years. Obtained results are implemented in spectroscopic databases aimed at atmospheric applications such as HITRAN and GEISA. As to the line shift parameters, there are few papers. In this work, theoretical NO<sub>2</sub>-line shifts induced by air are reported for many lines.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020530
title: EXPLORATORY NOTE ON CONSUMPTION AND SOCIOECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION IN BRAZIL BASED ON EVIDENCES FROM THE FAMILY EXPENDITURE SURVEY

description: ABSTRACT The present study aims at analysing different stratification criteria used in Brazil by market research companies and academia, taking into account family profiles based on socioeconomic and demographic variables. It presents different strata profiles generated by two nationally well-known stratification criteria based on survey data from the two last editions of the Brazilian Family Expenditure Survey (2002/2003 and 2008/2009)and it also provides evidence on patterns of change over time. The evidence corroborates that an economic improvement took place from 2003 to 2009 for those individuals classified in the lower socioeconomic stratum, together with an increase of total and per capita average income, and an increase of expenses. On the other hand, a visible reduction of savings for families in all economic strata and higher levels of household indebtedness was also noticed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020530.v1
title: EXPLORATORY NOTE ON CONSUMPTION AND SOCIOECONOMIC CLASSIFICATION IN BRAZIL BASED ON EVIDENCES FROM THE FAMILY EXPENDITURE SURVEY

description: ABSTRACT The present study aims at analysing different stratification criteria used in Brazil by market research companies and academia, taking into account family profiles based on socioeconomic and demographic variables. It presents different strata profiles generated by two nationally well-known stratification criteria based on survey data from the two last editions of the Brazilian Family Expenditure Survey (2002/2003 and 2008/2009)and it also provides evidence on patterns of change over time. The evidence corroborates that an economic improvement took place from 2003 to 2009 for those individuals classified in the lower socioeconomic stratum, together with an increase of total and per capita average income, and an increase of expenses. On the other hand, a visible reduction of savings for families in all economic strata and higher levels of household indebtedness was also noticed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020531
title: A POBREZA MULTIDIMENSIONAL NO ESTADO DA BAHIA DIMINUIU? EVIDÊNCIAS A PARTIR DA ABORDAGEM DE BOURGUIGNON E CHAKRAVARTY

description: ABSTRACT Most analysis of the poverty phenomenon have given special focus to their one-dimensional structure, which is defined as insufficient income of individuals. However, more recently many researchers have addressed the multidimensional poverty perspective, taking into consideration other aspects in addition to income. With that respect, this article aims to investigate the multidimensional poverty in the state of Bahia in the period between 2006 and 2013. To this end, a recent methodology proposed by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003) has been employed, based on the basic needs approach and the theory of training. For the sake of calculating the size deprivation indicators, related gaps and multidimensional poverty rates, we used data from the National Survey by Household Sampling (PNAD/IBGE) .The results show that multidimensional poverty has decrease by 4.41% in the state of Bahia, while in rural and urban areas, the proportion of poor declined by 5.61% and 4.39% respectively. On the other hand, when it comes to the groups that make up the analysis, poverty reduction for males and females was relatively fair. However, it can highlight significant retraction of the children related indicator in 5.47% in the period analyzed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020531.v1
title: A POBREZA MULTIDIMENSIONAL NO ESTADO DA BAHIA DIMINUIU? EVIDÊNCIAS A PARTIR DA ABORDAGEM DE BOURGUIGNON E CHAKRAVARTY

description: ABSTRACT Most analysis of the poverty phenomenon have given special focus to their one-dimensional structure, which is defined as insufficient income of individuals. However, more recently many researchers have addressed the multidimensional poverty perspective, taking into consideration other aspects in addition to income. With that respect, this article aims to investigate the multidimensional poverty in the state of Bahia in the period between 2006 and 2013. To this end, a recent methodology proposed by Bourguignon and Chakravarty (2003) has been employed, based on the basic needs approach and the theory of training. For the sake of calculating the size deprivation indicators, related gaps and multidimensional poverty rates, we used data from the National Survey by Household Sampling (PNAD/IBGE) .The results show that multidimensional poverty has decrease by 4.41% in the state of Bahia, while in rural and urban areas, the proportion of poor declined by 5.61% and 4.39% respectively. On the other hand, when it comes to the groups that make up the analysis, poverty reduction for males and females was relatively fair. However, it can highlight significant retraction of the children related indicator in 5.47% in the period analyzed.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020533
title: FINANCIAL WEALTH IN BRAZIL: A STUDY BASED ON IBGE'S WHOM-TO-WHOM FINANCIAL BALANCE-SHEET MATRIX

description: ABSTRACT This paper aims to extract a picture as detailed as possible of the size and structure of the financial wealth in Brazil, using the financial accounts (2005-2009), the balance sheet accounts (2004-2009) and the balance sheet matrix for the year 2009. Two contributions made by this paper are the calculation of the intrasectoral financial positions, as well as the very presentation of the balance sheet matrix. Furthermore, based on the Brazilian Central Bank financial statements, the paper manages to unwind, for some purposes, the dubious aggregate in which the Monetary Authority figures are mixed with those of the other financial firms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020533.v1
title: FINANCIAL WEALTH IN BRAZIL: A STUDY BASED ON IBGE'S WHOM-TO-WHOM FINANCIAL BALANCE-SHEET MATRIX

description: ABSTRACT This paper aims to extract a picture as detailed as possible of the size and structure of the financial wealth in Brazil, using the financial accounts (2005-2009), the balance sheet accounts (2004-2009) and the balance sheet matrix for the year 2009. Two contributions made by this paper are the calculation of the intrasectoral financial positions, as well as the very presentation of the balance sheet matrix. Furthermore, based on the Brazilian Central Bank financial statements, the paper manages to unwind, for some purposes, the dubious aggregate in which the Monetary Authority figures are mixed with those of the other financial firms.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020537
title: UNEMPLOYMENT AND WORKFORCE SKILL LEVELS IN BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Inspired by the theories of the Job Search and the Human Capital, this paper investigates the Brazilian job market with a view to analyze unemployment in Brazil between 2002 and 2011. It focuses the workforce skill levels and is based on data from the monthly employment survey published by IBGE. A dynamic analysis was conducted, which allowed interpreting the changes in the labor market based on the probability of an individual to transition among the conditions of employment, unemployment and inactivity. Two methods were employed in this investigation: a univariate study of transition matrices, which were applied to each of the microeconomics aspects considered and a multivariate econometrics analysis derived from a Multinomial Logit model. Several important results were found. Primarily, variables such as sex, role in the family, age and education have been found to have a significant influence on one's success in job search. The results reveal that the higher the level of education a worker has, the lower the influence of the aforementioned variables on the success of this worker's job search. Furthermore, those workers considered semi-qualified are the most sensitive to the influence of said traits on their chances of employment. Finally, the study shows that individuals in the group considered less qualified benefited the most from the changes in the Brazilian job market during the period under study. The results give an important contribution to the advancement of the literature on the subject, since most of the existing studies use a cross-sectional analysis of national household surveys, pointing only to static unemployment rates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020537.v1
title: UNEMPLOYMENT AND WORKFORCE SKILL LEVELS IN BRAZIL

description: ABSTRACT Inspired by the theories of the Job Search and the Human Capital, this paper investigates the Brazilian job market with a view to analyze unemployment in Brazil between 2002 and 2011. It focuses the workforce skill levels and is based on data from the monthly employment survey published by IBGE. A dynamic analysis was conducted, which allowed interpreting the changes in the labor market based on the probability of an individual to transition among the conditions of employment, unemployment and inactivity. Two methods were employed in this investigation: a univariate study of transition matrices, which were applied to each of the microeconomics aspects considered and a multivariate econometrics analysis derived from a Multinomial Logit model. Several important results were found. Primarily, variables such as sex, role in the family, age and education have been found to have a significant influence on one's success in job search. The results reveal that the higher the level of education a worker has, the lower the influence of the aforementioned variables on the success of this worker's job search. Furthermore, those workers considered semi-qualified are the most sensitive to the influence of said traits on their chances of employment. Finally, the study shows that individuals in the group considered less qualified benefited the most from the changes in the Brazilian job market during the period under study. The results give an important contribution to the advancement of the literature on the subject, since most of the existing studies use a cross-sectional analysis of national household surveys, pointing only to static unemployment rates.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020539
title: DISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS OF MINIMUM WAGE IN THE LABOR MARKET OF NORTHEAST REGION

description: ABSTRACT This paper investigates the impact of the minimum wage (MW) on the distribution ofearnings in the labor market of the Northeast Region of Brazil in the 2002-2012 period. The analysis was based on the simulation methodology proposed by DiNardo, Fortin and Lemieux (1996) that estimate counter factual Kernel density functions, and used the microdata provided by the National Sample Survey (PNAD) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Sample data covered a population of females and males. The results revealed that the minimum wage, the degree of formalization in labor relations, and the set of individual attributes had a positive impact on the distribution of earnings among both female and male workers. However, for men, the de-concentrating effect of the minimum wage is more intense compared to women. In summary, the results suggest that the minimum wage has been important to reduce the dispersion of labor income in recent years.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020539.v1
title: DISTRIBUTIVE EFFECTS OF MINIMUM WAGE IN THE LABOR MARKET OF NORTHEAST REGION

description: ABSTRACT This paper investigates the impact of the minimum wage (MW) on the distribution ofearnings in the labor market of the Northeast Region of Brazil in the 2002-2012 period. The analysis was based on the simulation methodology proposed by DiNardo, Fortin and Lemieux (1996) that estimate counter factual Kernel density functions, and used the microdata provided by the National Sample Survey (PNAD) of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). Sample data covered a population of females and males. The results revealed that the minimum wage, the degree of formalization in labor relations, and the set of individual attributes had a positive impact on the distribution of earnings among both female and male workers. However, for men, the de-concentrating effect of the minimum wage is more intense compared to women. In summary, the results suggest that the minimum wage has been important to reduce the dispersion of labor income in recent years.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6518744
title: Linking land-use and land-cover transitions to their ecological impact in the Amazon

description: Authors: Cássio Alencar Nunes, Erika Berenguer, Filipe França, Joice Ferreira, Alexander C. Lees, Julio Louzada, Emma J. Sayer, Ricardo Solar, Charlotte C. Smith, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Danielle de Lima Braga, Plinio Camargo, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri, Raimundo Cosme, Mariana Durigan, Nárgila Moura, Victor Hugo Fonseca Oliveira, Carla Ribas, Fernando Vaz-de-Mello, Ima Vieira, Ronald Zanetti, Jos Barlow Code repository for the paper: Nunes et al. Linking land-use and land-cover transitions to their ecological in the Amazon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2022. In this repository we included codes and data that we used to run the all the analyses presented in the paper.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6347560
title: Linking land-use and land-cover transitions to their ecological impact in the Amazon

description: Authors: Cássio Alencar Nunes, Erika Berenguer, Filipe França, Joice Ferreira, Alexander C. Lees, Julio Louzada, Emma J. Sayer, Ricardo Solar, Charlotte C. Smith, Luiz E. O. C. Aragão, Danielle de Lima Braga, Plinio Camargo, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino Cerri, Raimundo Cosme, Mariana Durigan, Nárgila Moura, Victor Hugo Fonseca Oliveira, Carla Ribas, Fernando Vaz-de-Mello, Ima Vieira, Ronald Zanetti, Jos Barlow Code repository for the paper: Nunes et al. Linking land-use and land-cover transitions to their ecological in the Amazon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2022. In this repository we included codes and data that we used to run the all the analyses presented in the paper.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020540
title: A POLICY MIX TO PREVENT A NON-COMMONS TRAGEDY FOR COLLECTIVE FOREST RESERVES IN AGRARIAN SETTLEMENTS IN NORTHWEST MATO GROSSO

description: ABSTRACT Agrarian reform settlements have recently been identified as a major contributor to ongoing deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Collective forest reserves were established in some settlements to thwart forest loss, but settlers usually do not recognize forest commons, opting instead for continued private accumulation through forest clearing, or a "non-commons" tragedy. Pathways toward ensuring the viability of common-pool management in settlements remain unclear. Our case study focused on two similarly sized settlements in neighboring municipalities in Northwest Mato Grosso, Brazil, each with formally designated collective forest areas. In one, deforestation shifted into the collective reserve and intensified; in the other, deforestation stabilized and the collective reserve was protected. In the latter, settlers understood their collective forest reserve as a commonly held asset, with two commercially viable settlement cooperatives involved in Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) extractivism and added value processing. We analyze differences between the two settlements using Elinor Ostrom's framework for analysis of socio-ecological systems, and identify the locally applied policy mix ensuring the viability of a forest commons. The study concludes that "top-down" efforts to institutionalize collective governance over remaining forests will likely fail in most settlements, without a focus on alternative livelihood opportunities synergetic with forest tenure.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020542
title: "PROPERTY" RIGHTS AND THE WAYS OF PROTECTING ENTITLEMENTS - AN INTERDISCIPLINARY APPROACH

description: Abstract This paper discusses the concept of "property" rights in an interdisciplinary perspective (Law and Economics) in order to compose an analytical conceptual framework to issues related to appropriability involved in public goods (PG) and common pool resources (CPR) analysis. Firstly, we discuss the differences between legal and economic concepts of property rights, trying to integrate economic and legal analytical elements: a right is an opportunity for current or future uses of an asset that is guaranteed by legal system (an enforceable power to maintain the control over economic opportunities). Although economists may not be concerned if some opportunity is guaranteed (or not) by law, nor whether its entitlement is made by means of property or by some other kind of right, these differences also matter for economic analysis. To deal with this question, we need to open the "black box" of the so called "property" rights: a) identifying and analyzing the different ways in which rights are entitled - from a legal perspective (Hohfeld) and in the footsteps of studies analyzing the economic relevance of the differences between property and possession, or property, liability and inalienability (Calabresi and Melamed); b) breaking down the concept of property rights in many faculties and analyzing them as a bundle of rights (Schlager and Ostrom). By way of conclusion, we discuss the possibilities of integrating these approaches and explore some of the implications of the study. From a public policies perspective, a more detailed understanding may assist in policy formulation (e.g., to break down and assign specific rights to different holders, etc.), and designing new forms of entitlements, or even the creation of new "assets" that could become the subject of rights.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.20020540.v1
title: A POLICY MIX TO PREVENT A NON-COMMONS TRAGEDY FOR COLLECTIVE FOREST RESERVES IN AGRARIAN SETTLEMENTS IN NORTHWEST MATO GROSSO

description: ABSTRACT Agrarian reform settlements have recently been identified as a major contributor to ongoing deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon. Collective forest reserves were established in some settlements to thwart forest loss, but settlers usually do not recognize forest commons, opting instead for continued private accumulation through forest clearing, or a "non-commons" tragedy. Pathways toward ensuring the viability of common-pool management in settlements remain unclear. Our case study focused on two similarly sized settlements in neighboring municipalities in Northwest Mato Grosso, Brazil, each with formally designated collective forest areas. In one, deforestation shifted into the collective reserve and intensified; in the other, deforestation stabilized and the collective reserve was protected. In the latter, settlers understood their collective forest reserve as a commonly held asset, with two commercially viable settlement cooperatives involved in Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) extractivism and added value processing. We analyze differences between the two settlements using Elinor Ostrom's framework for analysis of socio-ecological systems, and identify the locally applied policy mix ensuring the viability of a forest commons. The study concludes that "top-down" efforts to institutionalize collective governance over remaining forests will likely fail in most settlements, without a focus on alternative livelihood opportunities synergetic with forest tenure.