cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128522
title: Supplementary Material for: Associations between Neighborhood Characteristics, Well-Being and Health Vary over the Life Course

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Neighborhood characteristics are important determinants of individual health and well-being. For example, characteristics such as noise and pollution affect health directly, while other characteristics affect health and well-being by either providing resources (e.g. social capital in the neighborhood), which individuals can use to cope with health problems, or limiting the use thereof (e.g. crime). This also suggests that there might be age differentials in the impact of these characteristics, since individuals at different stages of life might need different resources. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on age differentials in associations between well-being, health, and neighborhood characteristics. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This paper studies associations between a wide range of neighborhood characteristics with the health and well-being of residents of the greater Berlin area. In particular, we focus on differences in the effects between younger (aged 20-35) and older (aged 60+) residents. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used data from the Berlin Aging Study II (312 younger and 993 older residents of the Berlin metropolitan area in Germany). We used survey data on health and well-being, combined these with subjective perceptions of the neighborhood, and geo-referenced indicators on the neighborhood, e.g. amenities (public transport, physicians, and hospitals). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results show that access to public transportation is associated with better outcomes on all measures of health and well-being, and social support is associated with higher life satisfaction and better mental health. There are considerable differences between both age groups: while the associations between access to public transport and health and well-being are similar for both age groups, neighborhood social capital shows stronger associations for older residents. However, the difference is not always statistically significant. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Having access to services is associated with better health and well-being regardless of age. Local policy makers should focus on lowering barriers to mobility in order to improve the health and well-being of the population. Since the social capital of a neighborhood is associated with better health and well-being among older residents, investments that increase social capital (e.g. community centers) might be warranted in neighborhoods with higher shares of older residents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128534.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Lateral Transorbital Endoscopic Access to the Hippocampus, Amygdala, and Entorhinal Cortex: Initial Clinical Experience

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Transorbital approaches traditionally have focused on skull base and cavernous sinus lesions medial to the globe. Lateral orbital approaches to the temporal lobe have not been widely explored despite several theoretical advantages compared to open craniotomy. Recently, we demonstrated the feasibility of the lateral transorbital technique in cadaveric specimens with endoscopic visualization. We describe our initial clinical experience with the endoscope-assisted lateral transorbital approach to lesions in the temporal lobe. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Two patients with mesial temporal lobe pathology presenting with seizures underwent surgery. The use of a transpalpebral or Stallard-Wright eyebrow incision enabled access to the intraorbital compartment, and a lateral orbital wall ‘keyhole' opening permitted visualization of the anterior temporal pole. <b><i>Results:</i></b> This approach afforded adequate access to the surgical target and surrounding structures and was well tolerated by the patients. To the best of our knowledge, this report constitutes the first case series describing the endoscope-assisted lateral transorbital approach to the temporal lobe. We discuss the limits of exposure, the nuances of opening and closing, and comparisons to open craniotomy. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Further prospective investigation of this approach is warranted for comparison to traditional approaches to the mesial temporal lobe.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128513
title: Supplementary Material for: Plasma Biomarkers of Inflammation, Endothelial Function and Hemostasis in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The cause of lacunar ischemic stroke, a clinical feature of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), is largely unknown. Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction have been implicated. Plasma biomarkers could provide mechanistic insights but current data are conflicting. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are an important imaging biomarker of SVD. It is unknown if plasma biomarkers add predictive capacity beyond age and vascular risk factors in explaining WMH. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We prospectively recruited patients presenting with non-disabling ischemic stroke, classifying them clinically and with the help of MRI as lacunar or cortical. We measured biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and hemostasis for &gt;1 month after stroke and compared biomarker levels between stroke subtypes. We quantitatively calculated WMH. We used multiple linear regression analysis to model WMH as a function of age, sex, hypertension and smoking (the baseline model). We fitted exploratory models using plasma biomarkers as predictor variables to assess model improvement over baseline. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We recruited 125 patients. The lacunar group (n = 65) had lower tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) levels in unadjusted (7.39 vs. 8.59 ng/ml, p = 0.029) and adjusted (p = 0.035) analyses compared with the cortical group (n = 60). There were no significant differences in the other plasma biomarkers. The results for t-PA were consistent with an updated meta-analysis, although the effect remains non-significant (standardized mean difference -0.08 (95% CI -0.25 to 0.09)). The baseline regression model explained 29% of the variance in quantitative WMH (R<sup>2</sup> 0.289). Inflammatory biomarkers showed minor improvement over baseline (R<sup>2</sup> 0.291), but the other plasma biomarkers did not improve the baseline model. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Plasma t-PA levels appear to differ between lacunar and cortical stroke subtypes, late after stroke, independent of age, sex and vascular risk factors and may reflect endothelial dysfunction. Except for a minor additional predictive effect of inflammatory markers, plasma biomarkers do not relate to WMH severity in this small stroke population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128525.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Versorgung Zwangserkrankter mit kognitiver Verhaltenstherapie als Behandlungsmethode erster Wahl

description: <b><i>Hintergrund: </i></b>Die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie (KVT) mit Exposition und Reaktionsverhinderung stellt die Behandlungsmethode erster Wahl für Patienten mit Zwangsstörung dar. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Bestimmung des Anteils an Patienten mit einer Zwangsstörung, die in Deutschland eine KVT mit Exposition und Reaktionsverhinderung erhalten. <b><i>Methode: </i></b>Hierzu wurden die Daten aus einer Befragung zur Behandlungsvorgeschichte einer Stichprobe von 369 Patienten mit einer Zwangsstörung nach ICD-10 analysiert. <b><i>Ergebnisse: </i></b>Insgesamt berichteten 60% der Patienten, in ihrer Behandlungsvorgeschichte mindestens einmal eine KVT mit Expositionsübungen erhalten zu haben. Bei 37% war dies die erste Behandlung. 46% gaben an, mindestens einmal eine KVT mit therapeutenbegleiteten Expositionsübungen erhalten zu haben. Durchschnittlich vergingen 6 Jahre zwischen Beginn der Zwangsstörung und Beginn der ersten Behandlung. <b><i>Schlussfolgerungen: </i></b>Zwei Fünftel der Patienten unserer Stichprobe berichteten, dass sie noch nie eine KVT mit Exposition und Reaktionsverhinderung erhalten hatten, obwohl es sich dabei um die Methode erster Wahl bei Zwangsstörungen handelt. Wir diskutieren potenzielle Hürden aufseiten der Patienten, Ärzte und Therapeuten sowie Maßnahmen, die zur Verbesserung der Versorgungssituation beitragen könnten.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128519.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Model for Predicting Cardiovascular Disease: Insights from a Korean Cardiovascular Risk Model

description: The profile and prevalence of risk factors in cardiovascular disease (CVD) are different between Western and Asian populations. In the guidelines, tailored approaches following risk stratification based on CVD risk models are recommended for the primary prevention of CVD in asymptomatic subjects. However, current risk models for predicting CVD in Asian populations are limited. A recent study of a large cohort of asymptomatic Korean individuals developed a CVD risk model to predict global cardiovascular risk that showed good performance in predicting cardiovascular events. This model may be useful for the primary prevention of CVD in East Asian individuals as well as Koreans.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128522.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Associations between Neighborhood Characteristics, Well-Being and Health Vary over the Life Course

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Neighborhood characteristics are important determinants of individual health and well-being. For example, characteristics such as noise and pollution affect health directly, while other characteristics affect health and well-being by either providing resources (e.g. social capital in the neighborhood), which individuals can use to cope with health problems, or limiting the use thereof (e.g. crime). This also suggests that there might be age differentials in the impact of these characteristics, since individuals at different stages of life might need different resources. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on age differentials in associations between well-being, health, and neighborhood characteristics. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This paper studies associations between a wide range of neighborhood characteristics with the health and well-being of residents of the greater Berlin area. In particular, we focus on differences in the effects between younger (aged 20-35) and older (aged 60+) residents. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used data from the Berlin Aging Study II (312 younger and 993 older residents of the Berlin metropolitan area in Germany). We used survey data on health and well-being, combined these with subjective perceptions of the neighborhood, and geo-referenced indicators on the neighborhood, e.g. amenities (public transport, physicians, and hospitals). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The results show that access to public transportation is associated with better outcomes on all measures of health and well-being, and social support is associated with higher life satisfaction and better mental health. There are considerable differences between both age groups: while the associations between access to public transport and health and well-being are similar for both age groups, neighborhood social capital shows stronger associations for older residents. However, the difference is not always statistically significant. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Having access to services is associated with better health and well-being regardless of age. Local policy makers should focus on lowering barriers to mobility in order to improve the health and well-being of the population. Since the social capital of a neighborhood is associated with better health and well-being among older residents, investments that increase social capital (e.g. community centers) might be warranted in neighborhoods with higher shares of older residents.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128504
title: Supplementary Material for: When a Little Knowledge Can Be Dangerous: False-Positive Diagnosis of Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia among Community Clinicians

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Accurate diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is important as patients' behavioral symptoms have profound implications for their families and communities. Since the diagnosis of bvFTD derives from behavioral features, accurate identification of patients can be difficult for non-specialists. Concrete rates of diagnostic accuracy among non-specialists are unavailable. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> To examine the accuracy of community clinicians' diagnoses of bvFTD and to identify patient characteristics leading to misdiagnosis, we reviewed the charts and referral letters of 3,578 patients who were seen at our specialized center. Referral diagnosis and reasons, manifesting symptoms, demographic data, Mini-Mental State Examination score, Clinical Dementia Rating score and Neuropsychiatric Inventory score were extracted. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 60% of patients assigned a single diagnosis of bvFTD by community clinicians did not have bvFTD according to specialists. Compared to specialist-confirmed bvFTD patients, false bvFTD patients were more likely to be depressed and to be non-Caucasian, showed less euphoria, apathy, disinhibition and abnormal eating behaviors, had milder disease severity and better overall cognition. bvFTD was mentioned by referring clinicians in 86% of specialist-confirmed bvFTD cases, but missed cases were called Alzheimer's, Parkinson's or Huntington's disease, or progressive aphasia. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> These results revealed a widespread lack of familiarity with core diagnostic symptoms among non-specialists and suggest that community clinicians require specialized diagnostic support before providing a definitive diagnosis of bvFTD.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128507
title: Supplementary Material for: Bone Marrow Aspiration: A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Quality of Bone Marrow Specimens Using Slow and Rapid Aspiration Techniques and Evaluating Pain Intensity

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is an essential procedure in the examination of hematological disorders, but there is limited evidence as to whether the aspiration rate affects specimen quality. We aimed to assess the specimen quality and pain intensity using slow (S-technique) or rapid (R-technique) aspiration. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a single-center, prospective, randomized patient- and assessor-blinded study of 482 patients scheduled for BMA. Specimen quality was evaluated by grading bone marrow (BM) cellularity and counting the number of marrow particles. Pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found a significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to the quality of specimens. For cellularity, the odds ratio (OR) for having a poor quality aspirate using the S-technique versus the R-technique was 3.05 [confidence interval (CI) 1.79-5.31]. For BM particles, the quality of specimens with the S-technique proved to be poor compared with the R-technique (OR 2.52; CI 1.51-4.28). We found a statistically significant difference of 1 VAS point (p &lt; 0.001) of the median pain intensity in favor of the S-technique. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Even though the pain intensity is significantly higher with the R-technique, the median difference is relatively small. We propose that the R-technique is preferable to the S-technique due to better specimen quality.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128510
title: Supplementary Material for: Measuring End-Tidal Carbon Monoxide of Jaundiced Neonates in the Birth Hospital to Identify Those with Hemolysis

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> End-tidal breath carbon monoxide (ETCOc) levels correlate with catabolism of heme, but until recently, this measurement was not readily available for application to neonatology practice. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We performed a prospective, multihospital, test-of-concept study where ETCOc was measured during the birth hospitalization of neonates with a total bilirubin (TB) value &gt;75th percentile on the Bhutani bilirubin nomogram. This was done to test the feasibility and ease of use of this new device. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Neonates with an elevated ETCOc (with a &gt;95th percentile reference interval previously established) were labeled as having ‘hemolytic jaundice'. We recommended a follow-up TB check &lt;24 h after hospital discharge to these families. <b><i>Results:</i></b> One hundred and fifteen neonates were eligible for the study, the parents of 103 provided consent, and measurements were obtained for 100. Sixty-three had normal and 37 had elevated ETCOc values. By means of a direct antiglobulin test (DAT; Coombs), 11 of these 37 were found positive for ABO hemolytic disease; the remaining 26 had other etiologies. Thirty-six of the 37 with an elevated ETCOc had repeat TB monitoring &lt;24 h after discharge home. None of the 100 were rehospitalized for jaundice treatment compared with a rate of 2.99 rehospitalizations per 100 control neonates who had a TB value &gt;75th percentile (p = 0.079). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> ETCOc measurement is a feasible means of assessing hemolysis in jaundiced neonates during the birth hospitalization. When hemolysis is identified, parents are likely to comply with instructions to bring the infant for a TB checkup &lt;24 h after discharge home.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128513.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Plasma Biomarkers of Inflammation, Endothelial Function and Hemostasis in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> The cause of lacunar ischemic stroke, a clinical feature of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), is largely unknown. Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction have been implicated. Plasma biomarkers could provide mechanistic insights but current data are conflicting. White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are an important imaging biomarker of SVD. It is unknown if plasma biomarkers add predictive capacity beyond age and vascular risk factors in explaining WMH. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We prospectively recruited patients presenting with non-disabling ischemic stroke, classifying them clinically and with the help of MRI as lacunar or cortical. We measured biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and hemostasis for &gt;1 month after stroke and compared biomarker levels between stroke subtypes. We quantitatively calculated WMH. We used multiple linear regression analysis to model WMH as a function of age, sex, hypertension and smoking (the baseline model). We fitted exploratory models using plasma biomarkers as predictor variables to assess model improvement over baseline. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We recruited 125 patients. The lacunar group (n = 65) had lower tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) levels in unadjusted (7.39 vs. 8.59 ng/ml, p = 0.029) and adjusted (p = 0.035) analyses compared with the cortical group (n = 60). There were no significant differences in the other plasma biomarkers. The results for t-PA were consistent with an updated meta-analysis, although the effect remains non-significant (standardized mean difference -0.08 (95% CI -0.25 to 0.09)). The baseline regression model explained 29% of the variance in quantitative WMH (R<sup>2</sup> 0.289). Inflammatory biomarkers showed minor improvement over baseline (R<sup>2</sup> 0.291), but the other plasma biomarkers did not improve the baseline model. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Plasma t-PA levels appear to differ between lacunar and cortical stroke subtypes, late after stroke, independent of age, sex and vascular risk factors and may reflect endothelial dysfunction. Except for a minor additional predictive effect of inflammatory markers, plasma biomarkers do not relate to WMH severity in this small stroke population.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128501
title: Supplementary Material for: Cerebral Oxygenation, Superior Vena Cava Flow, Severe Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Mortality in 60 Very Low Birth Weight Infants

description: <b><i>Background:</i></b> Brain vulnerability in the critically ill preterm newborn may be related to the burden of cerebral hypoxygenation and hypoperfusion during the immediate postnatal period. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We determined the association between adverse outcomes [death or high grade intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH)] and continuous cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (rSO<sub>2</sub>), superior vena cava flow (SVCf) and cerebral fractional oxygen extraction (CFOE) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants during the first 48 h of life. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We studied a prospective cohort of 60 VLBW infants admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit within the first 6 h of life between March 2010 and June 2012. rSO<sub>2</sub> (expressed as a number of summary measures) was continuously monitored with near-infrared spectroscopy (INVOS 5100 Somanetic) during the first 48 h of life, SCVf was measured at 4-6, 12, 24 and 48 h after birth, and CFOE was calculated. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The mean gestational age was 27.9 (SD 2.39); 8 infants died (13.3%) and 7 developed IVH grade III-IV: 1 in the alive group and 6 in the deceased group (p &lt; 0.001). The odds ratio for death was 1.08 (95% CI: 1.015-1.15, p = 0.016) for each 10 periods of rSO<sub>2</sub> values &lt;40% in the first 48 h, and 4.2 (95% CI: 1.27-14.05, p = 0.019) for SVCf values &lt;40 ml/kg/min. Among alive babies, mean CFOE decreased at 24, 36 and 48 h; among deceased babies it did not (p &lt; 0.001). In the multivariate analyses, these results retained significance. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Both rSO<sub>2</sub> ≤40% and SVCf &lt;40 ml/kg/min independently increase the risk of death. The trend in CFOE supports the ischemic-hypoperfusion hypothesis as a mechanism for cerebral damage.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.5128507.v1
title: Supplementary Material for: Bone Marrow Aspiration: A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing the Quality of Bone Marrow Specimens Using Slow and Rapid Aspiration Techniques and Evaluating Pain Intensity

description: <b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) is an essential procedure in the examination of hematological disorders, but there is limited evidence as to whether the aspiration rate affects specimen quality. We aimed to assess the specimen quality and pain intensity using slow (S-technique) or rapid (R-technique) aspiration. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This was a single-center, prospective, randomized patient- and assessor-blinded study of 482 patients scheduled for BMA. Specimen quality was evaluated by grading bone marrow (BM) cellularity and counting the number of marrow particles. Pain was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found a significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to the quality of specimens. For cellularity, the odds ratio (OR) for having a poor quality aspirate using the S-technique versus the R-technique was 3.05 [confidence interval (CI) 1.79-5.31]. For BM particles, the quality of specimens with the S-technique proved to be poor compared with the R-technique (OR 2.52; CI 1.51-4.28). We found a statistically significant difference of 1 VAS point (p &lt; 0.001) of the median pain intensity in favor of the S-technique. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Even though the pain intensity is significantly higher with the R-technique, the median difference is relatively small. We propose that the R-technique is preferable to the S-technique due to better specimen quality.