cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.132920.v1/t6
title: "Markov Chain Bin 4" of "Measurement of Spin Density Matrix Elements in $\Lambda(1520)$ Photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"

description: This table contains thinned out samples of the Markov chains used in the parameter estimation of the SDME measurements for $-(t-t_\text{0}) = 0.793\pm0.057~\text{GeV}^2/c^2$, reported in the main article. One in about 250 steps in the chain, which results in 200 different sets of SDMEs, is provided. These values should be used instead of bootstrapping of the results, in order to estimate uncertainties of physics models fitted to this data. To assess how the uncertainties propagate to the model uncertainties, one should evaluate the model under scrutiny for each of the 200 different sets of SDMEs. Plotting all resulting lines in a single plot will create bands which reflect the influence of the uncertainties in the data on the model. This method has the great advantage that all correlations are accurately taken into account.
description: "Results and supplementary material for Measurement of spin density matrix elements in Λ(1520) photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.132920.v1/t9
title: "Markov Chain Bin 7" of "Measurement of Spin Density Matrix Elements in $\Lambda(1520)$ Photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"

description: This table contains thinned out samples of the Markov chains used in the parameter estimation of the SDME measurements for $-(t-t_\text{0}) = 1.435\pm0.086~\text{GeV}^2/c^2$, reported in the main article. One in about 250 steps in the chain, which results in 200 different sets of SDMEs, is provided. These values should be used instead of bootstrapping of the results, in order to estimate uncertainties of physics models fitted to this data. To assess how the uncertainties propagate to the model uncertainties, one should evaluate the model under scrutiny for each of the 200 different sets of SDMEs. Plotting all resulting lines in a single plot will create bands which reflect the influence of the uncertainties in the data on the model. This method has the great advantage that all correlations are accurately taken into account.
description: "Results and supplementary material for Measurement of spin density matrix elements in Λ(1520) photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.131759.v1/t5
title: "Figure 5" of "Transverse single spin asymmetries of forward neutrons in $p+p$, $p+$Al and $p+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV as a function of transverse and longitudinal momenta"

description: Forward neutron single spin asymmetries in p+p, p+Al and p+Au collisions as a function of pT in bins of xF without hard collision activity
description: BNL-RHIC. In 2015, the PHENIX collaboration has taken p+p, p+Al and p+Au collision data at center of mass energies of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV with the proton beam(s) transversely polarized. At very forward rapidities $\eta&gt;6.8$ relative to the polarized proton beam, neutrons were detected either inclusively or in (anti)correlation with detector activity related to hard collisions. The resulting single spin asymmetries, that were already previously reported, have now been extracted as a function of the transverse momentum of the neutron as well as its longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F$. The explicit kinematic dependence, combined with the correlation information allows for a closer look at the interplay of different mechanisms suggested to describe these asymmetries, such as hadronic interactions or electromagnetic interactions in ultra-peripheral collisions, UPC.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.131759.v1/t6
title: "Figure 6" of "Transverse single spin asymmetries of forward neutrons in $p+p$, $p+$Al and $p+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV as a function of transverse and longitudinal momenta"

description: Forward neutron single spin asymmetries in p+p collisions as a function of xF in bins of pT (anti-)correlated with hard collision activity
description: BNL-RHIC. In 2015, the PHENIX collaboration has taken p+p, p+Al and p+Au collision data at center of mass energies of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV with the proton beam(s) transversely polarized. At very forward rapidities $\eta&gt;6.8$ relative to the polarized proton beam, neutrons were detected either inclusively or in (anti)correlation with detector activity related to hard collisions. The resulting single spin asymmetries, that were already previously reported, have now been extracted as a function of the transverse momentum of the neutron as well as its longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F$. The explicit kinematic dependence, combined with the correlation information allows for a closer look at the interplay of different mechanisms suggested to describe these asymmetries, such as hadronic interactions or electromagnetic interactions in ultra-peripheral collisions, UPC.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.131759.v1/t7
title: "Figure 7" of "Transverse single spin asymmetries of forward neutrons in $p+p$, $p+$Al and $p+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV as a function of transverse and longitudinal momenta"

description: Forward neutron single spin asymmetries in p+Al collisions as a function of xF in bins of pT (anti-)correlated with hard collision activity
description: BNL-RHIC. In 2015, the PHENIX collaboration has taken p+p, p+Al and p+Au collision data at center of mass energies of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV with the proton beam(s) transversely polarized. At very forward rapidities $\eta&gt;6.8$ relative to the polarized proton beam, neutrons were detected either inclusively or in (anti)correlation with detector activity related to hard collisions. The resulting single spin asymmetries, that were already previously reported, have now been extracted as a function of the transverse momentum of the neutron as well as its longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F$. The explicit kinematic dependence, combined with the correlation information allows for a closer look at the interplay of different mechanisms suggested to describe these asymmetries, such as hadronic interactions or electromagnetic interactions in ultra-peripheral collisions, UPC.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.131759.v1/t8
title: "Figure 8" of "Transverse single spin asymmetries of forward neutrons in $p+p$, $p+$Al and $p+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV as a function of transverse and longitudinal momenta"

description: Forward neutron single spin asymmetries in p+Au collisions as a function of xF in bins of pT (anti-)correlated with hard collision activity
description: BNL-RHIC. In 2015, the PHENIX collaboration has taken p+p, p+Al and p+Au collision data at center of mass energies of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV with the proton beam(s) transversely polarized. At very forward rapidities $\eta&gt;6.8$ relative to the polarized proton beam, neutrons were detected either inclusively or in (anti)correlation with detector activity related to hard collisions. The resulting single spin asymmetries, that were already previously reported, have now been extracted as a function of the transverse momentum of the neutron as well as its longitudinal momentum fraction $x_F$. The explicit kinematic dependence, combined with the correlation information allows for a closer look at the interplay of different mechanisms suggested to describe these asymmetries, such as hadronic interactions or electromagnetic interactions in ultra-peripheral collisions, UPC.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.132920.v1/t10
title: "Markov Chain Bin 8" of "Measurement of Spin Density Matrix Elements in $\Lambda(1520)$ Photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"

description: This table contains thinned out samples of the Markov chains used in the parameter estimation of the SDME measurements for $-(t-t_\text{0}) = 1.761\pm0.111~\text{GeV}^2/c^2$, reported in the main article. One in about 250 steps in the chain, which results in 200 different sets of SDMEs, is provided. These values should be used instead of bootstrapping of the results, in order to estimate uncertainties of physics models fitted to this data. To assess how the uncertainties propagate to the model uncertainties, one should evaluate the model under scrutiny for each of the 200 different sets of SDMEs. Plotting all resulting lines in a single plot will create bands which reflect the influence of the uncertainties in the data on the model. This method has the great advantage that all correlations are accurately taken into account.
description: "Results and supplementary material for Measurement of spin density matrix elements in Λ(1520) photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.132920.v1/t7
title: "Markov Chain Bin 5" of "Measurement of Spin Density Matrix Elements in $\Lambda(1520)$ Photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"

description: This table contains thinned out samples of the Markov chains used in the parameter estimation of the SDME measurements for $-(t-t_\text{0}) = 0.992\pm0.058~\text{GeV}^2/c^2$, reported in the main article. One in about 250 steps in the chain, which results in 200 different sets of SDMEs, is provided. These values should be used instead of bootstrapping of the results, in order to estimate uncertainties of physics models fitted to this data. To assess how the uncertainties propagate to the model uncertainties, one should evaluate the model under scrutiny for each of the 200 different sets of SDMEs. Plotting all resulting lines in a single plot will create bands which reflect the influence of the uncertainties in the data on the model. This method has the great advantage that all correlations are accurately taken into account.
description: "Results and supplementary material for Measurement of spin density matrix elements in Λ(1520) photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.132920.v1/t8
title: "Markov Chain Bin 6" of "Measurement of Spin Density Matrix Elements in $\Lambda(1520)$ Photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"

description: This table contains thinned out samples of the Markov chains used in the parameter estimation of the SDME measurements for $-(t-t_\text{0}) = 1.189\pm0.058~\text{GeV}^2/c^2$, reported in the main article. One in about 250 steps in the chain, which results in 200 different sets of SDMEs, is provided. These values should be used instead of bootstrapping of the results, in order to estimate uncertainties of physics models fitted to this data. To assess how the uncertainties propagate to the model uncertainties, one should evaluate the model under scrutiny for each of the 200 different sets of SDMEs. Plotting all resulting lines in a single plot will create bands which reflect the influence of the uncertainties in the data on the model. This method has the great advantage that all correlations are accurately taken into account.
description: "Results and supplementary material for Measurement of spin density matrix elements in Λ(1520) photoproduction at 8.2-8.8 GeV"
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.141812.v1/t1
title: "Table 2" of "Measurements of mass-dependent azimuthal anisotropy in central $p+$Au, $d+$Au, and $^3$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV"

description: Values of $v_2$($p_T$) for kaons in central 0-5% $p$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.
description: We present measurements of the transverse-momentum dependence of elliptic flow $v_2$ for identified pions and (anti)protons at midrapidity ($|\eta|$ &lt; 0.35), in 0%-5% central $p$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. When taken together with previously published measurements in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, the results cover a broad range of small-collision-system multiplicities and intrinsic initial geometries. We observe a clear mass-dependent splitting of $v_2$($p_T$) in $d$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions, just as in large nucleus-nucleus ($A$+$A$) collisions, and a smaller splitting in $p$+Au collisions. Both hydrodynamic and transport model calculations successfully describe the data at low $p_T$ (&lt; 1.5 GeV/$c$), but fail to describe various features at higher $p_T$. In all systems, the $v_2$ values follow an approximate quark-number scaling as a function of the hadron transverse kinetic energy per constituent quark($KE_T$/$n_q$), which was also seen previously in $A$+$A$ collisions.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.141812.v1/t2
title: "Table 3" of "Measurements of mass-dependent azimuthal anisotropy in central $p+$Au, $d+$Au, and $^3$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV"

description: Values of $v_2$($p_T$) for kaons in central 0-5% $^3$He+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV.
description: We present measurements of the transverse-momentum dependence of elliptic flow $v_2$ for identified pions and (anti)protons at midrapidity ($|\eta|$ &lt; 0.35), in 0%-5% central $p$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. When taken together with previously published measurements in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, the results cover a broad range of small-collision-system multiplicities and intrinsic initial geometries. We observe a clear mass-dependent splitting of $v_2$($p_T$) in $d$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions, just as in large nucleus-nucleus ($A$+$A$) collisions, and a smaller splitting in $p$+Au collisions. Both hydrodynamic and transport model calculations successfully describe the data at low $p_T$ (&lt; 1.5 GeV/$c$), but fail to describe various features at higher $p_T$. In all systems, the $v_2$ values follow an approximate quark-number scaling as a function of the hadron transverse kinetic energy per constituent quark($KE_T$/$n_q$), which was also seen previously in $A$+$A$ collisions.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.141812.v1/t3
title: "Figure 1a" of "Measurements of mass-dependent azimuthal anisotropy in central $p+$Au, $d+$Au, and $^3$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV"

description: Transverse momentum dependence of $v_2$ for identified pions and protons within $|\eta|$ &lt; 0.35 in 0-5% central $p$+Au collisions.
description: We present measurements of the transverse-momentum dependence of elliptic flow $v_2$ for identified pions and (anti)protons at midrapidity ($|\eta|$ &lt; 0.35), in 0%-5% central $p$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. When taken together with previously published measurements in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, the results cover a broad range of small-collision-system multiplicities and intrinsic initial geometries. We observe a clear mass-dependent splitting of $v_2$($p_T$) in $d$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions, just as in large nucleus-nucleus ($A$+$A$) collisions, and a smaller splitting in $p$+Au collisions. Both hydrodynamic and transport model calculations successfully describe the data at low $p_T$ (&lt; 1.5 GeV/$c$), but fail to describe various features at higher $p_T$. In all systems, the $v_2$ values follow an approximate quark-number scaling as a function of the hadron transverse kinetic energy per constituent quark($KE_T$/$n_q$), which was also seen previously in $A$+$A$ collisions.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.141812.v1/t4
title: "Figure 1b" of "Measurements of mass-dependent azimuthal anisotropy in central $p+$Au, $d+$Au, and $^3$He$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV"

description: Transverse momentum dependence of $v_2$ for identified pions and protons within $|\eta|$ &lt; 0.35 in 0-5% central $^3$He+Au collisions.
description: We present measurements of the transverse-momentum dependence of elliptic flow $v_2$ for identified pions and (anti)protons at midrapidity ($|\eta|$ &lt; 0.35), in 0%-5% central $p$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. When taken together with previously published measurements in $d$+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV, the results cover a broad range of small-collision-system multiplicities and intrinsic initial geometries. We observe a clear mass-dependent splitting of $v_2$($p_T$) in $d$+Au and $^3$He+Au collisions, just as in large nucleus-nucleus ($A$+$A$) collisions, and a smaller splitting in $p$+Au collisions. Both hydrodynamic and transport model calculations successfully describe the data at low $p_T$ (&lt; 1.5 GeV/$c$), but fail to describe various features at higher $p_T$. In all systems, the $v_2$ values follow an approximate quark-number scaling as a function of the hadron transverse kinetic energy per constituent quark($KE_T$/$n_q$), which was also seen previously in $A$+$A$ collisions.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.141894.v1/t1
title: "Figure 4" of "Nuclear dependence of the transverse-single-spin asymmetry for forward neutron production in polarized $p$$+$$A$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV"

description: Forward neutron $A_N$ in $p$+$A$ collisions for $A$ = 1 ($p$), 27 (Al), and 197 (Au), for ZDC inclusive, ZDC $\otimes$ BBC-tag, and ZDC $\otimes$ BBC-veto triggered samples. The 3% scale uncertainty is from the polarization normalization uncertaintiy.
description: During 2015 the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provided collisions of transversely polarized protons with Au and Al nuclei for the first time, enabling the exploration of transverse-single-spin asymmetries with heavy nuclei. Large single-spin asymmetries in very forward neutron production have been previously observed in transversely polarized $p$+$p$ collisions at RHIC, and the existing theoretical framework that was successful in describing the single-spin asymmetry in $p$+$p$ collisions predicts only a moderate atomic-mass-number ($A$) dependence. In contrast, the asymmetries observed at RHIC in $p$+$A$ collisions showed a surprisingly strong $A$ dependence in inclusive forward neutron production. The observed asymmetry in $p$+Al collisions is much smaller, while the asymmetry in $p$+Au collisions is a factor of three larger in absolute value and of opposite sign. The interplay of different neutron production mechanisms is discussed as a possible explanation of the observed $A$ dependence.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.99787.v1/t1
title: "Figure 2-1" of "Creating small circular, elliptical, and triangular droplets of quark-gluon plasma"

description: $v_2$for 0-5% central p+Au collisions
description: BNL-RHIC. The experimental study of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies has established the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons. In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the produced particles, producing a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton-proton (p+p) and proton-nucleus (p+A) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here, we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton-gold (p+Au), deuteron-gold (d+Au), and helium-gold (3He+Au) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy 200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide a simultaneous description of these measurements.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.99787.v1/t2
title: "Figure 2-2" of "Creating small circular, elliptical, and triangular droplets of quark-gluon plasma"

description: $v_2$for 0-5% central d+Au collisions
description: BNL-RHIC. The experimental study of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies has established the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons. In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the produced particles, producing a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton-proton (p+p) and proton-nucleus (p+A) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here, we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton-gold (p+Au), deuteron-gold (d+Au), and helium-gold (3He+Au) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy 200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide a simultaneous description of these measurements.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.99787.v1/t3
title: "Figure 2-3" of "Creating small circular, elliptical, and triangular droplets of quark-gluon plasma"

description: $v_2$for 0-5% central $^3$He+Au collisions
description: BNL-RHIC. The experimental study of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies has established the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons. In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the produced particles, producing a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton-proton (p+p) and proton-nucleus (p+A) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here, we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton-gold (p+Au), deuteron-gold (d+Au), and helium-gold (3He+Au) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy 200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide a simultaneous description of these measurements.
DOI: 10.17182/hepdata.99787.v1/t4
title: "Figure 2-4" of "Creating small circular, elliptical, and triangular droplets of quark-gluon plasma"

description: $v_3$for 0-5% central p+Au collisions
description: BNL-RHIC. The experimental study of the collisions of heavy nuclei at relativistic energies has established the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a state of hot, dense nuclear matter in which quarks and gluons are not bound into hadrons. In this state, matter behaves as a nearly inviscid fluid that efficiently translates initial spatial anisotropies into correlated momentum anisotropies among the produced particles, producing a common velocity field pattern known as collective flow. In recent years, comparable momentum anisotropies have been measured in small-system proton-proton (p+p) and proton-nucleus (p+A) collisions, despite expectations that the volume and lifetime of the medium produced would be too small to form a QGP. Here, we report on the observation of elliptic and triangular flow patterns of charged particles produced in proton-gold (p+Au), deuteron-gold (d+Au), and helium-gold (3He+Au) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy 200 GeV. The unique combination of three distinct initial geometries and two flow patterns provides unprecedented model discrimination. Hydrodynamical models, which include the formation of a short-lived QGP droplet, provide a simultaneous description of these measurements.