cometadata/datacite-titles-descriptions-related-identifiers huggingface dataset:
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307422.v1
title: End of life: conceptual understanding of euthanasia, dysthanasia and orthothanasia

description: Abstract This study evaluates the knowledge of intensive care physicians about the concepts of euthanasia, dysthanasia and orthothanasia in Campo Grande/MS, Brazil. The cross-sectional and qualitative research involved 80 doctors who responded to a self-administered questionnaire, with closed and open questions that aimed to assess the interviewee’s knowledge of the three concepts. Data analysis showed that 32% of respondents inadequately defined euthanasia, and 75% and 61.2% accurately defined dysthanasia and orthothanasia, respectively. In turn, 46.2% had adequate knowledge of the three terms and practices. We noticed that the years of practice since graduation were inversely proportional to the knowledge of concepts.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307419.v1
title: Attitudes of doctors and medical students toward patients with suicidal ideation

description: Abstract Considering suicide is a public health problem, this study identified misconceptions about patients at risk of suicide as well as strategies to manage patients and their families, also verifying changes in conceptions and attitudes throughout graduation. We applied a questionnaire with five categories: “medical confidentiality,” “deontology,” “medical negligence,” “graduation,” and “myths and conceptions”. One hundred and twenty-six subjects participated in the research: 45 (35.7%) first-year medical students, 48 (38.1%) interns, and 33 (26.2%) doctors. The variables were analyzed, and the difference between groups was significant for 15 questions (62.5%). In one question (myths and conceptions) the answers were distant from the expected, and in two questions (myths and conceptions, deontology) the result did not give adequate information. We observed improvements at medical graduation for most of the studied aspects; among the deficiencies, we highlight those related to compulsory notification, electroconvulsive therapy, and the responsibility of doctors.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307417.v1
title: Ethics and pharmaceutical services in primary health care: daily challenges

description: Abstract This study aimed to identify and discuss ethical problems experienced by pharmacists in primary health care. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with 19 pharmacists in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil. The content of interviews was analyzed through thematic-categorical analysis in the light of bioethics references. Ten ethical problems were identified related to the political dimension of the working process and health care, involving issues related to the structure of services and work environment, and management of health services. An ethical analysis to solve these questions is an important strategy to improve pharmaceutical services in primary health care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307414.v1
title: Access of Haitian migrants to public healthcare: a bioethical question

description: Abstract The vulnerabilities of migrants arouse the bioethical view of health inequities that often affect the access to health. This research evaluates the access to healthcare of Haitian migrants, recognizing the situations that generate greater vulnerability, aiming at the improvement of public health policies. The study used a qualitative approach by conducting a focus group with adult Haitians of both sexes. We verified the need for raising health professionals’ awareness of cultural differences, migrants and refugees’ vulnerability and the fight against xenophobia and racism. Only after this it will be possible to rethink health policies and actions to achieve the universality, integrality and equity promoted by the Brazilian Unified Health System.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307413.v1
title: Perception of patients on their relations with physicians

description: Abstract Communicating properly is fundamental to improve physician-patient relations and the quality of health care. Considering this, the current study analyzed the perception of 200 patients in Aracaju/SE, Brazil, on their relations with physicians. This is an exploratory, cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study with the application of a questionnaire. The sample was composed of young adults, females (71.5%), single (50.0%), without higher education (47.5%) and mainly attended in public hospitals (26.5%). A favorable environment for a good physician-patient relationship concerns not only the hospital infrastructure, but also the communication skills of health professionals. Regarding the relationship with physicians, most patients are satisfied (86%) and declared trust in the professionals (84%). Patient privacy was respected in most cases.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307410.v1
title: Childhood and eating habits: a bioethical study on vulnerability and risk

description: Abstract This is a qualitative, exploratory, and cross-sectional field study, developed with parents of students from two schools in cities located in the South of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, totaling 27 participants. The participants answered questionnaires in a workshop and attended an informational lecture. We sought to evidence the effects of the food industry on children’s diets, as Brazil is experiencing a significant increase in overweight, obesity and chronic non-communicable diseases in childhood. It became clear that advertising takes advantage of the vulnerability and lack of knowledge of parents and guardians by influencing their choices. To address this problem, the article discusses the need to protect the population by nutrition education, laws, and regulations.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307408.v1
title: Shared decision-making in clinical cancer guidelines

description: Abstract Shared decision-making is a collaborative process that includes patient preferences in the care planning process. This study aimed to analyze how the shared decision-making is considered in the cancer guidelines of the Brazilian Unified Health System through a research of documents about patients’ participation on the databases of the National Cancer Institute and National Commission for the Incorporation of Technologies. We analyzed 29 documents, and 10 of them presented an approach for shared decision-making or ideas related to the topic. These documents addressed the possibility of screening some types of cancer and established criteria for interrupting the treatment. The results show the great challenges that still exist to promote autonomy, and to respect individual values and partnership in clinical settings.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307405.v1
title: Ethical-humanistic axis of a medical school in Bahia: students’ perception

description: Abstract Universities have been restructuring their curricula to direct medical practice onto the Brazilian Unified Health System, driven by the publication of the National Curricular Guidelines for the Undergraduate Medical Course in 2001, by introducing humanities as an important instrument to the students’ education. The Faculty of Medicine of Bahia, Brazil, reformulated its curriculum in 2007 and implemented the ethical-humanistic axis, provided from the first to the eighth semester of the course, aiming at adapting the education of physicians to the profile proposed by the guidelines. Our study analyzes the students’ perception of this axis in the curriculum. Questionnaires were applied to obtain 418 respondents. The students know the objectives of the ethical-humanistic axis; however, they think their colleagues do not consider the axis important for their education. Although most of students favor subjects from the biological and clinical modules, they also consider the disciplines of the ethical-humanistic axis should be present in all semesters.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307404.v1
title: Social pressures and reactions of adolescent drug users in an outpatient clinic

description: Abstract Coercive measures and social pressures may affect patients and the treatment for substance abuse disorder. This study analyzes the reactions of adolescents who use psychoactive substances to potentially coercive situations and its effects during treatment. The collected data were analyzed with mixed methods. Results show the prevalence of informal social pressures (48.1%). We classified patients’ reactions as acceptance (17.5%), resistance (31.6%), and lack of motivation (14%). Resistance and lack of motivation can affect the treatment and patients’ autonomy. The use of mixed methods was essential to analyze the medical records regarding senses and meanings and allowed us to quantify and compare the findings with the literature and the qualitative data.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307402.v1
title: Preventable infant mortality in Minas Gerais: epidemiological and spatial profile

description: Abstract Infant mortality is a public health problem and an important public health indicator, considering that part of these deaths occurs from preventable causes. This study aimed to identify spatial clusters of deaths of children between 0 and 4 years old, the preventable causes of death, and epidemiological variables in Minas Gerais, between 2011 and 2015, which may allow improvements in planning health services in the state. In decreasing order, the interventions that most contributed to reduce the incidence of these deaths were the delivery of care to women during pregnancy and childbirth, newborn care, and the actions related to diagnosis and treatment, health promotion, and immunoprevention. In addition, we found that 46.85% of deaths from preventable causes occurred during the neonatal period, 43.19% of the children were brown and 55.27% were boys. As for spatial territorial analysis, this mortality is mainly concentrated in the North, Vale do Mucuri and Jequitinhonha mesoregions.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307399.v1
title: Teaching how to deliver bad news: a systematic review

description: Abstract “Bad news”, defined as information with huge emotional valence and potential to change personal perspectives, is, by definition, a challenge for physicians. However, the subject is not always taught in medical schools. This systematic literature review compiles all articles regarding communication of bad news after researching in databases for “medical school” and “bad news” in English, Portuguese and Spanish. The criterion was to include articles that elucidated about teaching techniques. From all 313 papers, we included 27 and classified their strategies. Most results showed that mixed strategies are more common and that, in general, the subject is well-received and appreciated by students, who reported an improvement in communicative capability after the training. We conclude that all techniques are valid and medical schools should focus on integrating this training in their regular curriculum.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307396.v1
title: The perception of the HIV/aids patient about the dental surgeon

description: Abstract This study aimed to analyze the perception of dentists by patients with HIV/AIDS, seeking to understand the stigmatized face of the epidemic. This is a quantitative study with 67 HIV/AIDS carriers, participants of the non-governmental organization “Gestos – Comunicação, Soropositividade e Gênero” (Gestures – Seropositivity, Communication and Gender), in Recife/Pernambuco, Brazil. Questionnaires were applied on aspects inherent to professional stance, patient/dentist relationship and experiences during dental care. The results indicated that 31% of the patients did not inform the dentist about their status as seropositive and among those who reported, more than 30% reported that there was a change in the professional stance. Hiding the seropositivity from the dentist is a way of ensure care for 57% of the interviewees and 27% reported experiences of discrimination. It is concluded that the findings on HIV/AIDS have not been able to eliminate the historical prejudice and stigma that affect HIV +, seeing that there are still feelings of discrimination experienced by the carriers, including in the health care.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307384.v1
title: ABOUT LOVE AND "THE FREE CHOICE OF THE MIND" ["FRIA ELEIÇÃO DO ESPÍRITO"]: AN APPROACH TO THE THEME OF MARRIAGE IN SERIAL NOVEL A MÃO E A LUVA (1874) [THE HAND AND THE GLOVE], BY MACHADO DE ASSIS, ON THE PAGES OF NINETEENTH-CENTURY PRESS

description: Abstract First published in 1874 in O Globo, as a serial novel, A mão e a luva [The Hand and the Glove], by Machado de Assis, portrays its main character, Guiomar the orphan, as being somewhat coldhearted and unabashedly ambitious, a woman who would end up being embraced by a new, wealthier social class thanks to favors. However, and diligently, Guiomar would resort to the bond of marriage - in less romantic, but more socially equanimous terms - to rid herself of the patriarchal family's influence. Aware of the liberal paradigms associated with the emergent modernity, we thus seek to identify the discursive intersections established between the story and its original media support, particularly as it regards the condition of women at the time.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307383.v1
title: "IN THE ARK" AND THE MACHADIAN MIDRASH

description: Abstract Machado de Assis's work has been analyzed from different perspectives and fields of knowledge. One possibility of theoretical analysis of the Machadian work is from the perspective of religious studies and theology, especially when considering that Machado’s extensive – and almost always ironic – use of biblical texts in his short stories, novels and chronicles has been widely observed. This articles aims at showing how in "Na arca," (In the ark), which is part of the 1882 publication, Papéis avulsos, Machado presents his own version of the biblical narrative of the flood in the perspective of midrash, one (of many) Jewish hermeneutical approaches to the biblical text. However, the Machadian midrash is not explanatory, just like the Jewish one. Rather, it is ironic, exploring human wretchedness and human failures.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307380.v1
title: MACHADO DE ASSIS, TRANSLATOR OF LONGFELLOW

description: Abstract This article aims at analyzing the translation, by Machado de Assis, of the poem "Serenade", by the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, which is not listed in the previous surveys conducted by either Jean-Michel Massa or Eliane Ferreira. Based on the source text identified, a critical study of the poem, whose title was translated as "Lua da estiva noite", was carried out by analyzing the translation process adopted by Machado and by establishing connections between his translation and his authorial production.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307377.v1
title: Machado de Assis and the forms of versification in portuguese

description: Abstract This paper analyzes the status of the literary critic and poet, Machado de Assis, considering the old Portuguese language versification system and the new one advanced by Antônio Feliciano de Castilho starting in 1851, which is based on the French model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307372.v1
title: LIMA BARRETO'S MARGINÁLIA: THE MAGAZINE WRITER'S DREAM

description: This article analyses Lima Barreto's lifelong relationship with magazines not only as a contributor, but also as a founder, editor, and even collector of these ephemeral publications. His debut in 1902 as a writer for his college magazine, A Lanterna, and his death in 1922 while contributing to A.B.C. and Careta, can be considered symbolic events that epitomize the birth and death of a career wholeheartedly dedicated to this métier. A central argument is that it is highly significant that Barreto published his works in magazines more often than in newspapers. To him, magazines were stores of rhetorical weapons, artefacts that could confront the intellectual values established and concentrated in Rio de Janeiro.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307362.v1
title: Experimental and numerical analysis of composite steel and concrete trusses

description: Abstract In the present work, two composite trusses formed by tubular shapes supporting a concrete slab were evaluated. Based on analytical formulation related to the problem, according to recommendations of standards, numerical analyses were performed, with models created using the software Ansys, and an experimental analysis with full-scale tests. Good agreement between the three analysis types was observed. A possible shear connection failure in one truss was observed. With a change in the second truss's connector length, an increase in the structure's strength and rigidity was achieved. In this study, because the shear connectors were directly welded on the upper chord wall, local effects with localized plastifications were evidenced.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307360.v1
title: Evaluation of rheological models for concrete submitted to alkali-aggregate reaction based on numerical analysis of damping - free expansion

description: Abstract The Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR) phenomenon in concrete structures is perceived via expansion and cracking, swelling of gel like material, causing damage and disruption in structural elements. Despite extensive standardization, AAR cases are still persistently occurring worldwide. The literature on susceptibility of concrete to AAR reported examples of false negative and positive results. Hence, long-term prediction is a problem still posing great challenge to engineers. The severity of AAR on the structural integrity can be mostly elucidated by the assessment of the historic of elastic properties. There is consensus that AAR causes decrease in the load capacity concrete, reflected by reduction of elasticity modulus due damage progresses. Non-destructive techniques are often used as first approach, as they can provide relatively fast assessment in situ as well as in large structural elements. Its data interpretation carries certain degree of complexity due intrinsic characteristic of many of these methods. This is the case of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV), which have been considered to present several limitations for such purpose. This paper deals the potential use of the Longitudinal Resonance Frequency (LRF) method as tool to evaluate the elastic historic of AAR prone elements. The LRF possesses higher energy than UPV. Also, using modulation of frequency in input signal combined the test geometry, the LRF allow application to larger samples as well as to extract complementary information alongside the dynamic elastic modulus. This way, the LRF was applied to study concrete beams tested under controlled conditions for about 1.5 year. The independent variables to the tests are: time, frequency, aggregate type, cement content, alkali content and water to cement ratio. The dependent variables are: damping, loss factor and elasticity modulus. The analysis associate damage with vibration damping, confirming reduction of elasticity through damage with experimental validation and prediction of AAR under rheological model.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307357.v1
title: Humidity and specimen preparation procedure: influence on compressive strength of concrete blocks

description: abstract: It is extremely important that the quality control of the concrete block used in structural masonry is conducted based on standard procedures that allow reliable estimation of the properties of these components. This work aims to analyze and evaluate the influence of the concrete block moisture on the result of the compression test. Hollow concrete blocks were prepared and subsequently maintained in different environments for various periods of time and under different conditions of temperature and humidity to determine the influence of the type of drying on the relative humidity of the block at the time of testing and consequently on its compressive strength. As a conclusion, it can be stated that, because it is necessary to use water in the process, the grinding rectification of the faces of the blocks led them to have high humidity, above 70%. If tested in this condition, the results of the compressive strength tests will be lower than that of blocks under usual environmental conditions. No differences were found in the average block strength when they were kept dry in the controlled environment of the laboratory during periods of 24 or 48 h. After grinding, it is not necessary to dry the blocks inside an oven at 40ºC before the tests; simply leaving them at a usual room temperature of 23ºC and humidity of 40 ± 5% for 24h is sufficient. The attempt to accelerate drying in an oven at 100ºC is not adequate because this leads to an increase in the compressive strength. From the results, it was possible to determine expressions to correlate the compressive strength as a function of the moisture of the block at the time of the test. The best-fit expressions are distinct for each block type, but the formulations are consistent in indicating a considerable difference in resistance as a function of moisture.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307354.v1
title: Proposition and analysis of strut and tie models for short corbels from techniques of topology optimization

description: Abstract Reinforced concrete short corbels are components characterized to represent typical conditions of geometrical and static discontinuity. In general, the classical bending theory is not valid for their design. With the strut and tie method, a model of a self-balanced truss, a strategy of representation of the principal stress flow appears as a representation of the trajectories of the main stresses in these components. Within the context of obtaining the strut and tie models, topology optimization is an indicated technique for an automated process. Combined with a numerical analysis based on finite elements, the SIMP (Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization) method formulation, which is defined with the criterion of minimum strain energy restricted by the volumetric fraction, is used for the development of the models with the ABAQUS® v. 6.14.1 software. Therefore, with the material distribution posterior to the optimization and the validation based on normative codes, it is demonstrated that the tool is effective in the development of strut and tie models.
DOI: 10.6084/m9.figshare.14307353.v1
title: Partial replacement of Portland cement with industrial glass waste in mortars

description: Abstract The necessity to reduce the consumption of cement in cementitious composites is a worldwide concern and the partial replacement of cement with industrial waste has gathered considerable interest. One type of industrial waste is glass, which is rich in amorphous silica but can present problems with its use due to the alkali-silica reaction (ASR). The objective of this study was to analyze the compressive strengths of mortars using ground glass residue (GLR). Milling times of 16 h and 32 h were conducted and GLR tested in cement substitutions of 10 w.t.%, 15 w.t.% and 20 w.t.%. A statistical analysis was performed to verify which factors affected mortar strength. The mitigating effect of GLR in ASR was also tested. Results showed that milling time did not affect resistance significantly but w.t.% substitution did. The substitution of 20 w.t.% proved to provide the best result as it was statistically equal to the standard mixture.